davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-03-30
CLYDE STEAMSHIP.
COMPANIES #
PHILADELPHIA

PHILADELPHIA. is. II
RICHMOND AND NoRyoLKeI.1Nn.
Freight received and delivered daily ct 2. =
%, Ry. Co.'s depot Seventeenth and Arosd
streets. H. X. WooDFIN. Soliciting Agent.
Va Nav. Co.'S Wharf. Teokstu'
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-03-30
AUCTION SALES, Future Days
by N. W. tsowe 81 Son..
and RyE
RI u. Chafflri 81 CO.. 1fit,t
T,eal Estate Auctioneers,

~ RlJsTEE,s. sALD AT AUCTION OF
If THAT fRsT.C LASS, WE'LL BUILT
I olINCE NO. DD8. ETA SRI GRACE H'rR EDT,
OCCUPIED "a B Y s.s TIL ALBEMARLE
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-03-30
SOUTHERN raj way,

bCtanDO 49, ~ " = rs r
RAIN . LEA u ttlCti1lGS D.ss
u 100 "A. .-Ouiiy. Lucal Tor Cnu riotl Is NJ o.
12:y0}r. M.-DAliy. Lllnirsd. Hurrst ullman %
Ss Albania tlIut BlriniLsn lam. new OrleAns,sS2s!!
Memphis. Chattanooga ana Ill the South.lRsESs
S:Uu +. MEX. Sunuay thseysvl!leT Local. SaaS
l0:VU r. M.-DAlly. Limited Pullman ready ESQ
"a r.. NJ, for MI the south. s5s
t5i 77nsf SET IOkrA XIV LII LINE
( Tho tavorise Touta to Baltimore and Eastern
points. Leave Richmond 4;2O p. NJ. Monday.
Wednesday, and FRIDAY ~
l:4a A. M.-Except sunday. Local mixed Tor
sis r. M.@LecaL MONDAY. wednesday and
Friday for West Point. ssts.i7sSz Al
l:zu =. M.-L,xcept. SUNDAY. For West Po!nt,
river landings Monday NVednesdaysg and
-, fRAINS ARRIVE RICHMOND II s ssls
4 6:b5 "A. M and s43 2. M.-- From all the soutn.
I:a5 p, M,-From Charlvttes and Durham; 81
y $40 A M.--From Chaae City. "a
q e:2b A, M.-Balthnor and West Point, MN
1o;46 A. NJ. 8 10 r.. M.-Erom West EoHt. s 8ss
C. H ACkERT, S. H. IiARDWlC3sSS
35 6. VI. WEsTBURY p. q. a5ss5
y. n Is Richmond, 70
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-03-30

prlately ti,is Sketch OF the old soidier--the
virBlhianM.Wi lliaiti Henry Pa y1le. !. !.
SV7if1TER EDWARD HARRIS, &
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-03-30

BY Pollard s. Bagby.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-03-30
Prepared for the War.

Though eminent as a lawyer, It Is az 9,
soldier that General Payne will BIO chiefly
remembered by thousands Of men who
wore 4 tho gray, One Of the most striking
portions of General John 3, Gordon's re1
cent volume OF "REMINISCENCES q the war sia
ID tina tsdescr,ptiye OF the charge made TX
General Payne's brigade at the pa te!e sof
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-03-30
+ MARCH aoth, AT 1880 a. N.

George w. Mayo, Auctioneer, 4. "a
no North Seventh Street. Il
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-03-30

Z Munyon' 8 Paw Paw Tonic, the greatest latest
Of ali spring Medicines, for sale at "a all
Druggists, also Paw.Paw Laxative '2,ls'
the best stomach and Liver F lis on earth.
csc. bottle. 81 -333
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-12

other persons who had claims of money ,,ron
amy candidate student pluck the gown Of the
proctor and thus stop the proceedings until the in
ae..e 1ness OF the student discharged The de-
sr. could not he given unless the students debts
rere paid. Hence the term ''pluclled' for failure
There Is another degree-conferring occasion in
Oxford, and that is the Sheldonian theater in term,
t Il Is more CeremOnious, and is the special time
.r granting honorary degrees to individuals who.
hae distinguished themselves
The Terger IN charge of the theater when he gets
hold Of an American visitor, is ready to indulge
-cIlinIscenCes concerning famous Americans To
degrees have been granted there:
ou see, the university men like to guy the candi-
--os-es when they so up, so when your DR.. Oliver
Wendell Holmes went up they all shouted out: Say
Doctor Holmes, did you come in that old onehoss
Phillips Brooks got his degree here. Did they
guy him:
No. they admired him too much. He was fine
specimen of manhood he stood there These Young
athletes appreciated his height and his breadth OF
shoulders. and they all knew something Of his Won
deriu power a speaker.
1t fine sight the next Sunday to see old
S. Marys full OF students who had come 70 hear
the great American preach. And what do YOU
think his text was? Well it was lust one word
WISDOM and he told them that the wisdom Of
God more worthy of their seeking than all the
wisdom OF the world, and that could be
really wise without religion
But while much might be said about the origin
OF degrees and their value the object of this paper
rather call attention the outward dress OF the
holders Of degrees, and especially one sign
OF the degree namely the hood.
The Of the cap and gown for undergraduates
has become general of late years in not only
many American colleges but in private schools
and academies. In places they are reserved
for the senior class. and in Others never worn
until the day of graduation One strong argument
IN favor OF wearing the cap and gown throughout the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-12


first the old objections and
the same antagonism; then reluctant yielding, and
finally their firm adoption Everybody grows salts
fed that it is just the right thing to wear them, and
wonders why they did adopt this scholastic uni
form earlier
But while many people have become accustomed
college caps and gowns, they find themselves
perplexed over the hood, which they told is the
sign of the degree for which the wearer definitely
labored, or which bestowed upon him in recog-
milton of his ability.
The origin of the hood is singular 1t is an instance
of development in which the main portion of garment
has disappeared, and only small upper appendage
remains. While ceasng to fulfill the function for
which it was intended the erstwhile appcndage
becomes of vastly more importance than that to which
il was attached The hood OF a cloak simply
cap or cowl the head when needed The
hood was attached to the cloak and hung down the
back when not used a covering for the head The
cloak with its hood worn by monks and other
clercs Gradually the hood became the distinguishing
feature Of the scholar he it over the cassock
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-12
.ra8F7'T

shall at commencement" and effectually
break up the distinction between rich and poor
students as far appearances go on that public
occasion.
The usual style of the undergraduate gown in
America IS derived from the conventional pattern
seen at Oxford and Cambridge, England There are,
however some variations in the shape Of yoke, the
length Of sleeves, and in the funess in front. This
gown may be worn by holders of any degree but
those who reach the doctorate in law, medicine
theology, philosophy, science ETC. will find themselves
entitled TO add facing Of velvet in front, and some
stripes OF velvet the sleeves. The cap used IS
almost always the familiar square topped pattern
known the "mortar-board." 1t is always per-
Missile TO the close-ftting skulcap instead OF
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-12
1 I

or surpice or gown public occasions. The cloak
disappeared and the hood used is simply an
ornamental fold of cloth silk hanging down the
back OF graduate or of one who has received an
honorary degree, to indicate his degree
Hoods may be worn by aymen as we'll as by clergy
men, They are not dstinctvey part of the clerical
vestment, although them on clergvnen more
frequently than on aymen. 1t was once a require
nent of the English church that each graduate wear
his hood over his surpice, and it is still done by many
if not by most. clerical degree men in England and
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-12

the MOI Tar
board, but
there is a de-
,cided incon-
Hruity in some
tie N pie d
nominations.
( othin g is
.nore absurd
b a n l h c
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-12

scholastic. de-
cidedly modern
pieces of head
gear.
The cap and
gown have
wn TO be
fairly familiar
to many Aneri-
can eyes. 1t IS
interesting to
hear the dis
cussions tn a t
grow up in any
college where it
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-12

IS rapidly growing in this country.
The layman's opportunity for
wearing his hood is usually some
special function, as the laying of a
cornerstone of a college, or the
induction of college president, or
some great anniversary, or when he
IS sent to represent his college at a
public conference. The hood has not
been worn much in this country
by Clergymen and laymen until
recently. In fact, the wearing
of hoods by degree men in the
United States has been exceptional
Occasionally some rather courageous
person has worn his at some par
ticularly august function; but grave
and cautious deans and officials
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-12

than to wear a
stoVeplpe or
a " billy-COck''
or a wide
awake or any
of the other non
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-12

Varegated headgear of those who take part in some
PROFESSIONS 1t would seem that sense of the pro-
prietes would suggest ones going bare-beaded rather
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-12

year Is that of econ
ony, because they
can be worn over
the plainest clothes.
They are especially
desirable on COM
mencement occasions
for the same reason.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-12

the observance Of college anniversary take place in
future the representatives of other colleges VIII seek
to grace the occasion by appearing in gowns, caps
and hoods At such ecclesiastical functions the
commencement of the Sewanec University in Tennes-
see and that of the General Theological Seminary.
NewYork, the brilliant hoods of the vested clergy
have been for years marked feature
One of the most potent influences for bringing
about this change in the question OF hoods etc.
commission which met at Columbia College New
York in 1905 They suggested a scheme Of colors
and other details which has commended itself to
American colleges generally historically correct and
quite simple. BY this plan the hood is to be of the
same material the gown (the latter being of black
silk or wool and is be lined with silk of the color
colors of the college The bordering of the hood
is to show the faculty" which the degree pertains
Thus white is for degree arts orleters; scarlet for
theology purple for law yellow for science; green for
medicine; brown for fine arts; pink for music; blue
for philosophy.
Bv this arrangement doctor of divinity, who has
received his degree from a college whose colors
orange and white, would wear hood of black with a
lining of orange and white and a border of scarlet
velvet. A doctor of medicine from a college whose
color is crimson would a hood of black lined with
crimson silk and bordered with green velvet. y
master of from college whose colors purple
and gold would have these cOor in the form of chevron
in the lining, and the border would be white
Hitherto it has been difficult for degree men
to get hoods even if they desired them because per-
haps the colleges which gave them their degrees had
never adopted form of hood a scheme of college
colors and had never sanctioned the of hoods
OF late some institutions have formally adopted votes
declaring that hoods may be by their degree men,
and that the college colors and The language
of old Southern college, William and Mary, IS to
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-12

wondered whether It was wise to encourage al
oldworld custom like this, and the woud-be wit
have been disposed to have their fling at wha
they called the fuss and feathers" and tn
millinery" of men of learning In fact few o
our American colleges have ever adopted hoods
and some of them have seemed to regard wearing
them as a foolish fancy, or something rattle
puerile if not entirely foolish.
Now, however, change has come, and
behooves us all to know something about hood
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-12

the effect that
a n yone who
h a s received
one of its de
grecs may wear
the hood of
that de gree,
providing that
Continued on
pxge I&.)
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-12

and What they mean. Quite suddenl
to the surprise of many, there h
been a complete reversal of prelude
and the hood has come into large u
on various civic, educational al
ecclesiastical occasions. The install
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-12

occasion for professions of Woodworking re
sentatives of sister institutions. The onloo
in general approved, and now in all probal
whenever the installation of a college official
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1904-06-04
HOW TO MAKE cHocol a.
secret Il in the Blending az a. ~.
ferent Varieties Of Coccs ss ~

Secret IL In the blending a. -.
ferent Varieties Of Cocoa
"a good many people often ya.a
what the difference is between coess
and chocolate, but 1t Is simply tbes 49, b
Goa is chocolate with the oil &c. 49, e
ed" am told by the vice preaIdsrs IN.
q large cocoa and chocolate mannsa s
turing concern, says q writer n q
St. Louis Globe Democrat. ~
"rhis amounts to considarah,o
one-half Of the cocoa bean IA conn "
Of cocoa butter. The sweet chooo Co.,
used on candies and 80 forth il ] ~ 49,
ture Of cocoa butter, chocolate 80
sugar, and it 10 the cocoa butter I'M .4
gives it Its fine gloss. There arc ~.
eral processes for MANUFACTURING =.
cocoa for drinking purposes, but tbat
most generally followed is what ia COLI ,i'
ed the pressure method In this \ !.
placed in small canvas bags, and thasa
are then placed in a machine, wbors
they are subjected to pressure -
about seventy tons. which soueavss
every vestige Of oil from the cocoo
and leaves only a dry, extremely hr,t.,
tie cake, to be subsequently ground
fine and packed in tin cans. When
chocolate for eating purposes is mann.
featured, the cocoa Is mixed with tba
flavoring compounds and sugar in thu
mixing machine and then rolled ont II
sheets between huge rollers, making 4
solid and firm.
'The secret of making good choeo.
late and cocoa is in the blending, One
particular kind Of cocoa bean ia MT
apt to produce good chocolate or cocoa
1t must be blended with other yarie.
ties to secure the desired flavor. some.
times a half dozen or more different
kinds of cocoa extract being mixed to.
gether for this purpose. Every mann.
facturer has his own method of blend.
ing, and guards the secret carefully
Different blends are also subjected to
differing treatments. Thus one mann.
facturer may finish his blend or store
it in cold room, while another will
do the same thing with it in a hot
room, and each contends that the re.
suits he achieves are the best, very
naturally"
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1904-06-04

wood, Of Whippingham, has operated
a complicated switch tower and signal
system for ten years and has never
had an accident. Whippingham is on
the Isle of Wight Railway, and in ad'
dition to the switch tower Mrs. Mer
wood looks after the duties of station
and ticket agent, gatekeeper, and finds
time to cultivate some beautiful flow
ers outside the depot. The Isle OF
Wight was one of the favorite country
places Of the late Queen Victoria, who
took a fancy to and often befriended
Mrs. Norwood.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1904-06-04

Horses are little used in Japan, their
work being done by jinrikisha men and
coolies. For this reason it has been
said that, however well trained he may
be as fighter, the Japanese cavalry
man never learns how to ride. The
statesmen of the Flowery Kingdom
have evidently recognized the weak
ness Of this arm of their service and
are making heroic efforts to remedy
the defect. With this object in view,
q very respectable body Of cavalry has
been organized and trained and is now
being thrown into the field in Korea
and Manchuria. The horses used by
the Japs are small, but wiry and met
tlesome.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1904-06-04

gayeSt moccasins in the tribe, and
many hours did she spend every day
IN working with bright colored porcu-
pine quilts. For no brave In all that
country was SO warlik0 az Woksis, no
squaw 30 skilled in embroidery as
Moqua. AS she worked on the mecca
sins hours passed as minutes. She took
no note Of time, 50 busy was she in
her labor Of love, Suddenly she heard
q startling noise, the bark string that
held the kokh suspended was burned
or, and a quenching, scattering explo-
sion followed the overthrow Of the Dot.
What could she do? There was no
water, the melted snow was gone, and
she must boil the moose meat before
her lords return. 1t was growing late.
there was no time to melt more snow,
SO selling a birch bucket of maple
water that was always tapped in the
spring for Its sweet flavor, she filled
the kokh anew and hung II over the
mended fire. Into 1t she popped the
moose meat, and set cake Of pounded
corn to bake on the slab before the
nre. Then she resumed her embro,-
dery, in which the quilts were both
needle and thread. She was WORKING
the totem Of her race, the bear, 80 DIFF.
terent from the wolves, eagles and tur.
ties Of other tribes.
Dreaming Of her husbands future
success In hunt and battle, the hours
passed by; the shadow crept mast tho
marx; the nre burned low: the onca
JUICY meat was a shriveled morsel in
q mixture of gummy dark LIQUID. When
sne saw this the frightened souaw ran
into the bushes and hid herself from,
the rage Of her coming lord, After q
long and silent waiting she carefully
drew near the camp once mora and
"nat Gid she see? There vas WokaIs
oeVouring the morsel of moose n,oo+
ana ner wonder was great when ha do
'lDerately broke the earthen NOT and
carefully licked out the last yestiae At
her spoiled cooking. -
She forgot her fears and cr,ea o,,.
IN surprise. When discovering har
"oksis said: 'Oh, Moqua, nv w,se
S!ua"' who taught thee such a marvel
OF cooking2 Was the Great Shirt INV
INSTRUCTOR With great 10Y he am.
Dfaced her, and In his sticky bic. sho
tasted the first maple surar."-p,ttr.
burg Gazette
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1904-06-04
MAGAZINES OLD AND NEW.
Contrast Between Those of Fifty Years
Ago and Now.

Contrast Between Those of Fifty Years
Ago and Now.
The contrast between the American
magazines of fifty years ago and those
OF to-day Is SO marked that it will i'm
press the most careless reader. Take a
bound volume Of Putnam's Magazine
from the shelves of q public library,
free 1t from its layers of dust, turning
Its yellow pages. and, 10! you are con-
fronted with some of the most famous
names in the literature of the nine.
teenth century. Contrast this treasury
of wit, humor, pathos and sentiment
embodied in the clearest Of English
prose, in the most musical English
verse-with the current number of a
magazine of to-day, and the unfavora-
BILE gulf between the two periods will
at once be apparent. The great names
of literature have given place to those
Of men and women who have gained
passing notoriety through good or
bad fortune.
A successful Wall street broker Is
travelling for health and pleasure and
in mountainous country of Eastern
Europe is captured by bandits. The
bandits, in businesslike manner, de-
mand $4,000 as a ransom; otherwise
the American traveller will return to
his Borrowing family and friends
minus his ears. Negotiations are en-
tered into with the outlaws and after
long delays, during which the bro
ker's precious ears are constantly
threatened, the money is paid, and he
returns in an unmutilated condition to
his office in Wall street. But his ad-
ventures have made him famous man
and magazine editors are clamorous
in their demands that he shall tell the
story Of his capture and retention by
the bandits in his own way. Their or
binary rates of payment shall not stand
in the way Of this much desired contri.
button; the manuscript, If accompanied
by photographs Of his eminent ears
{ will be paid for at his own valuation
The Wall street broker, being a man
of business, If not a man of letters
writes the desired article or series Of
articles, and receives in return check
that satisfies even his own contention
Of the value Of his work. His eminen,
| ears are photo engraved for the public
OBLIGATION, and all that can possibly
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1904-06-04

be made known of his perilous adven-
lures Is given to the waiting public
The result is double distilled dullness,
presented in the most unattra Give
form and without the slightest natural
or acquired literary aptitude. But the
editor believes that he has satisfied tha
curiosity Of the readers Of the mag
azlne OF which he has control; from his
point of view, the lasting value Of the
article for which he paid so high a
price does not enter into the Question
And when the eminent ears of the
wall street broker have ceased to in
terest tickle public the frost-bitten
nose OF an arctic explorer may be used
as substitute.
There can be no doubt that q famoua
or notorious name adds seeming i'm
portance and weight to a magazine
article, however lacking it NAV ho
IN interest or attractiveness of trent
ment; and a contribution which on
Its intrinsic merits would be rejected
is published If it bears the name NJ
some celebrity Of the hour. OF course
readers are primarily to blame for this
state OF things. They yearn for name,
with which they are familiar, and the
editors Of regular magazines endeavor
TO satisfy them as a mere matter NJ
business. The question of literary
culture Is not considered either in the
editorial rooms or by the purchasers
OF the periodicals of to-day. And it
must be admitted that the voice Of
toghorn carries farther than the most
dulcet notes of Pans pipes.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1904-06-04
HORSE RIDES IN CAR.

The only gravity car line IN the
world is located in Denver, Colo, ana
runs from the city proper into ths
mountains, a distance of several nile"
One man acts as conductor, motorman'
hostler, general manager; In short IL
does everything, including the rauir
finding.
The grade up which the road rOHS
is slight. A horse, tired and always
ready for breakfast and a ride hauN
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1904-06-04
f'' :. ~ ~ @zzskS11S /
! MEDITORlALS; !
Opinions of Great Papers Important SUBJECTS

nneas for advances; from many industrial ~
s substitute for wage reductions; from 'ne "
v onnaa to its employees refrain from asking TOT
aSuances from the which have been
IN hp steel manufacturing districts and last hut NOT
from the merits of the argument OF western nd
oa miners in their explanation of trade conoAuon" "N
INV +hov were tmpelled to ask for lower wage rats"
Considerations such these in year which ~
~ to ha one Of convaescence after the financial snocA 81
1908 founded upon exhibit of preVains =,
,ro mon the cost of living should be well cacuateo
nneal TO the conservatism of employer ana emploSS-
Newark News
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1904-06-04

all that man does and is and has diff
fer so widely from our OWE. And yet,
as this world shrinks year by year, un-
der mans expanding intelligence, that
sympathetic understanding Of other
races must be won. Without it con-
tact can mean only conflict. With it
alone is there hope for the solution Of
the many-sided problem of the races.
Sir Edwin Arnold was a pioneer, a
missionary Of sympathy between dis
tant lands, a builder Of peace. His SER
vices well deserve the remembrance
Of coming generations.