The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1904-08-28

! point, relative humidity, absolute
humidity, and vapor pressure. the
higher the temporal ure of the air, the
more moisture il is capable of holding
in the form OF invisible vapor; and 1t
follows from this Eat as the temper
allure of a body of air falls, its capa-
city for containing aqueous vapor dim
| inishes. If the temperature is sum
GENTLY lowered, a point will finally De
reached below which the temperature
can not go without the occurrence OF
condensation of a part Of the moisture
| into visible particles OF cloud. This
critical point is styled the point of sat
uration or dew point. The term rela-
tive humidity is used to express the
percentage amount Of moisture in the
air as compared with the entire a.
mount possible 20 exist as invisible
vapor in the air under the existing con-
dition of temperature. Absolute
humidity expresses the actual amount
of moisture present in each uuit vol
urne of the air and is usually stated
/ in grains per cubic foot. Vapor pres
sure is a rather obscure term used to
express the pressure effect on a baro-
meter of the moisture present in the
atmosphere.
The maximum and minimum thermo-
meters record automatically the high
est and lowest temperatures of the air
since the instruments were set at the
preceding observation. The thermo-
graph is an instrument which makes
Ian automatic and continuous record Of
the air temperature. From this record
the observer can determine what the
i temperature of the air was at any par
ticular moment of time during the
/ twenty-four hours.
II The nephoscope is an instrument en-
ployed in obtaining accurately the di-
rections in which the various kinds Of
clouds are moving, together with their
! approximate elevations and velocities.
| The sunshine recorder, rain gage,
thermometer, and wind vane are con-
| nected electrically with the offices on
| the second floor and record automati-
! cally. in a rather elaborate instrument
| called the Quadruple register, the di-
rection of the wind each minute of the
! twenty-four hours, the velocity of the
wind all the time, each minute Of sun
1 shine. and each one-hundredth of an
| inch of rain as it falls and when it
falls
| The pressure of the atmosphere is
determined by means of standard bar
| ometers installed in one of the office
rooms, where is also located a baro-
| graph which records automatically
continuous record of the varying at
mospheric pressure.
In one of the Office rooms will be
| displayed a duplicate set OF the instru-
ments which have been described; and
Mr.. Ashley, the official in charge, or
Mr.. Drake, his assistant, will always
| be pleased to explain to visitors how
these instruments are used. Except
on Sundays and national holidays, the
offices will be open from a. m. to
p. m. and for brieT period each even
ing.
| AT a. ma and s 2. m, local time.
every day in the year, complete OBJ
servations will be taken and immedi-
ately cabfed to the mainland. where
they will be published on the weather
maps issued daily in all parts of the
country as well as in practically all OF
| the more than two thousand daily
newspapers The wonderfully equable
/ climate of the Paradise of the Pacific"
will thus be brought to the attention
OF the entire reading public of the
| United States.
| The Honolulu Office will also collect
| temperature and rainfall observations.
from the various voluntary stations
scattered throughout the Islands, and
will publish these data in the form Of
printed monthly reports which will be
given a widespread distribution in the
Islands and throughout the States. To
| secure the information to make this
publication a success, the cooperation
of public spirited citizens at various
| points in the Islands is necessary, and
Mr.. Ashley earnestly solicits a corr
tinuance of the kindly interest they
have heretofore displayed in weather
: bureau matters. A close study of the
data collected by the voluntary OBJ
servers will make possible the compfla-
ton of an accurate and detailed clirn-
atology OF the Islands. In this work
the records already collected during the
lpast 20 years through the unwearying
efforts of Mr.. Curtis j. Lyons and
lothers will be of immense value.
In addition 10 the monthly report
viii be published a small weekly bull
lIetin concerning the present conditions
of the staple crops and the effects or
the weather upon agricultural opera
lions in general The cooperation OF
the large plantations viii insure
weekly bulletin OF both interest ana
value.