The Savannah morning news., 1904-12-30

amendment was adopted in 1890. The
Hatch act of 1887 is practically but an
amendment or supplement to the Nor
rlll bill, for the original bill contained
a provision for investigation and ex-
perimental farms.
Upon Well Defined Principles.
mot only has federal aid to edu-
cation been therefore recognized as a
national policy for nearly a half CEN
fury, but the analysis of the acts
above stated showed that it has pro-
ceeded upon well defined and satisfac-
tory principles, which may be summed
up as follows: ~ National aid is con-
ditioned on response or contribution
by the states, such as furnishing and
repairing of buildings: (2) State con-
troll in management is recognized, the
distribution being through local ma
chinery. 90 Visitorial power is retain
ed in the federal government in the
requirements for reports and the res
ervation of the right to examine dis
bursements. "a Separation of the
races is accepted, but equal provisions
made for both. 90 The nature of the
education provided is democratic, the
emphasis being placed on agricultural
and industrial education. (6) Equal
ity of need is recognized as the basis
for distribution. From this principle
it is a just corollary that in those
sections where industrial and agricul-
tural educations are most needed, the
distribution should be in like proper
ton.
How the Morrill, Bill Started.
1.-THE Morrill, bill began with collie
giate education. This was well, be-
cause the movement in education has
always been from above downward;
and for the further reason that when
the Morrill, bill was first passed there
was not in existence any large body of
scientific knowledge relating to agri-
cultural and industrial education, and
the knowledge in existence had not
then been reduced to pedagogic form.
This is no longer true, and the time has
now come for the extension of the pro-
visions of the Morrill, bill to the Sec
ondary and primary school, so that
all the people of all the states may re-
ceive more directly and Immediately
the benefit of this national fund. In
such extension, the principles above
mentioned would be observed. The
trustees and faculties of the agricul-
tural and mechanical colleges would
be the medium through which the en-
largement would be carried out. The
President in his message recently re-
ferred to the Department of Agricul-
ture as a faculty of 1000 experts
The work of these experts and of the
colleges and experiment stations in all
the important literature. This however,
is necessarily stated in scientific
terms. The people will not get the
immediate and direct benefit of it I'M
less it is brought to their doors-pop-
ularized and reduced to general COM
prehension by the work of trained
teachers and specialists. The chief
difficulty in the way at present is in
the want of teachers. Provision might
be made for this by organizing in each
college of agriculture and industrial
arts a normal department. Teachers
trained so to disseminate in the rural
districts the results of scientific in
vestigation in the state colleges. ex-
pertinent stations and the national
Department of Agriculture might
itinerate, as they are doing in Can
ada under the provisions of the Nc
Donald gift. If we can anticipate a
time when the provisions of this wise
national legislation have been extend
ed from the college grade into the sec
ondary and primary grades we may
confidently look forward to future
when the prophecy will be realized
that the waste places will be made
glad and the desert blossom as the
rose
Lynch Arraigns Rowdyism.
The most interesting and striking
feature in the address of Capt. Lynch
was his severe arraignment of rowdy-
ism in colleges and universities. Capt.
Lynch said in part:
TT is the sheerest folly to appeal to
business men and tax payers in the
name of sentiment and affection un-
til we can show them that we have
an honest, straightforward. practical
plan of making honorable self-support-
ing, intelligent citizens. They have
not the time nor the desire to enter
into scientific researches and discover
les of the different parts OF a boys
mental machinery. The plain, blunt,
interesting question to them is:
" DO you know how to manage that
mysterious mechanism so as to make
IL turn out solid, substantial pro-
duct.
Answer this question by your school
work. Let your pupils reflect In their
nature and daily life subordination to
law and authority; habits of industry;
perseverance and persistent determine
ton the love Of whatever beauties
and expands the character; regard for
the rights of others-in word, make
them many men and womanly women.
and nothing on earth can defeat your
claims for recognition"