davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1904-10-16
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A new method of measuring for tauors
has been patented In Paris. The person
70 be measured is placed before a
camera. and between them is introduced
a network that IS photographed at the
same time and serves as a standard
Certain articles are necessary 10 obtain
@ complete result mus the arnufts
etc, must be Indicated by objects visible
from without and finally. several views
must he taken from various staudn1iurs.
The subject is also fitted with q sort OF
harness which indicates points OF com
parisou- These points may however be
marked directly on the person instead
The relative positions OF the camera. the
Het"of-&s and the subject appears al
ways on the same scale and then thu
photograph Is taken from the various
necessary standpoints-SJ. James Ca
zetUe.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1904-10-16

permitted to settle back. her own weight
end her form, acting as a big wedge
VIII tend 70 break a way clear. This is
a peculiarly novel arrangement.
The coamings 10 all matches are made
OF great strength and are nearly az high
as the top Of The buIwarks As a result.
the boats effective freeboard IS really
higher than Il seems Internally. the
craft is subdivided by number Of very
stout bulkheads, so that she is therefore
built with q number Of water dgnt bulk
heads or divisions.
Strengthen the Hull.
These partitions. apart from adding in
this way to the security of the ship in
case Of accident. give that much more
strength TO the hull. TIC further add TO
the strength of the hull and. too. 10 in
crease the warmth and habitability OF
the ship in the Arctic waters, the whole
VIII be snugly celled with yellow pine
planking three inches thick
The living quarters viii be comfort
ably and substantially finished. but there
viii be no attempt whatever TO give
decoration 10 this part OF the craft. The
prime aim viii be utility and security
against the searching winds OF the far
North without adding 10 the task OF
keeping everything clean and sanitazy
Special provision VIII be made for the
installation Of all scientific instruments,
and space enough viii be provided for q
small and select library OF scientific
works, together with d reasonable guam
tity Of general reading matter
Massive Machinery.
For motive power the vessel viii carry
q single engine Of the compound con
densing type, and Commander Peary
says il viii be equal TO continual.
economical development OF leo indi-
Gated horsepower and, when occasion
cemands-such. for instance. as bucking
q foe OF especially heavy ice, the engine
VIII be able TO develop half again as
much Dower.
There win be one ten-foot propeller;
and that screw win be arranged 50 that
1t can be disconnected from the shaftiug
and hOisted up into a Wen when the boat
is either under sail or when, 10 guard
the propeller against the ice. il VIII be
best TO house IT, With the steam power
at her disposal the ship should be able
TO make quite twelve knots an hour un-
der the normal development OF power
ana. with her maximum 1900, she should
do a good fourteen or fifteen knots ar
h0ur.
Speed, however. is not the aim of he
power, but instead it Is intended 10 en-
able her 10 pound her way, day in and
day cut, through the great ice foes that
viii surely lie between her and her goal
The bunker capacity is for something
like Goo tons of coal which, economically
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1904-10-16

used, should do her for many months
work.
The vessel VIII be heated by steam, but
TT is not the present intention 20 light her
by eiectricity-the heat of oil Iamps-not
20 mention their economy-serYing to
add that much more 90 the comfort q
the living spaces.
Building at Verona.
The hull Of the ship IS now building az
Verona, Me- at the shipyard Of Mckay
& Dix Of New York, and the engines and
boilers VIII be Installed by the Portland
Company. Of Portland. Ne The cost OF
the hull and machinery. complete. wiz
be SlZ5. oo0-ab0ut $4,000 of the sum being
absorbed Dy the motive power.
The vessel was designed by William z
Wlrant the reIl-ku0wn naval archie
tect The plans represent the CoIabo-
ration of that gentleman and COM
Eaander Peary, both Of whom have exc
hausted the field OF Arctic experience
and craft built for exploration therein
that the present vessel might represent
the acme of her kind II is not saving
too much TO declare that they have sue
ceeded.
Commander Peary recently said.
MY plan is 20 force this ship 20 the
north shore Of Grant Land. taking on
beard AT Whale sound the pick and
flower Of che Eskimos shah 20
into winter quarters on shore and start
with the earliest returning light on the
sledge journey across the central polar
pack, using the Eskimos entirely for
the rank and dls OF mr party"
Mrs Peary viii not accompany the
commander on this, his last, EFFORT TO
plant the stars and Stripes upon the
uppermost point of the globe. His IN
tention is TO start by next July. and the
expedition viii be provisioned FOR two
years absence.
Inc work on the boat VIII be rushed
between now and the early spring.
SIDNEY MORNINGTON.
lCopErlEht. lglll
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1904-10-16
LIEUTENANT PERRY-
.- of Arctic Explorer Is Braced and
Girded to Defy Ice Squeezes, and Repre-
sents Acme Of Ship Construction.

r NCOTRAGED by his previous per-
~ fOTmauces. Commander Robert
i. Peary Of the United States
Navy is now having built a new
craft for his next dash for the North
Pole Next July win see this sturdy ves-
sci headed for the Northlaud4 and the
region Of eternal ice.
In This latest. and what is 70 be his
final effort Commander Feary has
united the fruit OF his own experience in
the past together with the lessons from
the difficulties that have confronted his
rivals in this f0rbidding. albeit fasci-
mating. de.d of geographical research.
A Remarkable Vessel
This new ship. naturally. win be very
remarkable in many ways
Physical hardness and a determined
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1904-10-16

supplies, clothing, and special equipment
demanded by her personnel She must
carry spare parts and ships stores
enough 20 last for two years. For the
rigorous work viii call for continual re-
pairs-some of them. perhaps. vital 70
the welfare Of the entire expedition.
Sturdiness Required.
Finally, the craft must be strong
enough to pound. pound pound. for
months at q time. against the ice-bound
channels OF that fnhosDitable region. The
sturdy whalers, stout as they are built.
would not be strong enough for this per-
sistent attack. and To provide for this al
most disheartening work. this new ship
viii be especially constructed
All Ehat the cunning of past experience
and The acme Of the art of ship con-
struction IN wood can accomplish viii be
combined i'm PeaTy's new boat. No end
or praise Is due the man that has de-
signed this vessel for the particular OBJ
ject of her being.
Braced and girded and REINFORCED as
never was craft before, she viii be able
10 withstand enormous pressures from
surrounding nelds OF ice. In form she IS
so modelled that the squeeze" OF the
ice VIII tend 20 lift her rather than a.
crush her between the grasp OF the
gathering pack
Her timbers viii be cut from the finest
growths of our native forests. Every
piece viii be most carefully selected.
Their assem- bling win call for the most
exquisite cunning on the part of the man
with the broad-ax.
Dimensions Of the Ship.
Commander Peary has said that the
new ship viii be Of about the size of
the Antarctic ship Discovery. There
the similarity ceases. That the public
may have "a better notion OF the mII,
and build Of this unique craft. IL would
De wei 10 give some of her dimensions
The vessel is technically described ii g
'thTee-m asted, tOre-and-aft schooner
rugged steam vessel, with auxiliary sail
power The foremost and the mizzen-
mast VIII be single sticks of the best
OF Oregon pine, and the mainmast,
while OF the same material. viii carry
a separate tcpmast OF selected yellow
pine
AT the masthead Of the maintopmast
viii be carried the -'crowsuest'' from
which lookout will direct the naviga-
ton OF The craft when once she has
entered the ice foes OF the Far North
The suit of sails which, by the way
viii be unusual viii have sumcient
spread to make the vessel thorough
manageable ia case OF eakdown of
the engines. Her canvas viii be used
on all occasions TO help save coal and
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1904-10-16

spirit 10 buck against the seemingly in
superable difficulties presented by the
Icy barrier of the Far North are not
enough as the past has proved. TO reach
the goal OF the North Pole. The prime
question even despite the intense cold.
is one OF provisioning. ana successful
provisioning demands that the supplies
be- carried North 10 the utmost limit Of
navigation and in sufficient quantity TO
last for a couple OF years.
To carry so large mass Of stores into
and through the many obstructive
leagues OF lodging ice foes calls for
craft OF peculiar qualities. The vessel
must be large enough 10 carry a coal
supply that VIII insure her steaming en-
q lrauce through months OF isolation
from the coal heaps OF civilization. She
must be able 10 carry all Of the edible
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1904-10-16

tween the fingers, TO rise and free itself
Of the stress
Above all things. it is essential that
the vessel should not leak. To insure
thorough water tightness and TO take
the constant rub. rub rub Of the ice
the hull VIII be covered outside with a
double course of ive-iuch planking The
inner course viii be Of yellow pine and
the outer course, which VIII be imme-
diately subjected to wear viii be Of
weIl-seasOned white oak.
The inner course viii be calked when
finished and made securely tight
over the inner course win then be laid
a sheeting OF taTred hemp or tarred
canvas
After this is carefully secured, the
outer plankiug viii be laid and boIted
with exceptional strength 20 each frame.
After this pIaukiug has, in turn, been
Callled and the seams carefully filled
with pitch. heavy copper sheathing viii
be OVERLAND all parts of the bottom ex-
posed 20 the water.
Steel Plate Protection.
To take the rub and grind of the float
ing ice. the bow. sides along the water
line. and the stern wiz be further pro-
tecJed by steel plating. AT the stem.
this plating. which will be an inch
thick. viii reach from the Keel an the
way up TO three feet above the load
water-Iine, and extend art from the
stem for quite twelve feet The water
line plating which is TO be three-eighths
OF am inch thick. viii be "a continuous
belt. i've feet wide, one foot only above
water and the four others being below
where they viii be more serviceabIe.
The tact that this metallic armOring
should have 20 re-enforce the unusually
heavy double course of plankiug is sig
nihcant OF the tremendous wear and
tear TO which a craft is subjected in the
Polar seas Outside. In line with the
main deck. the vessel is To be fitted
with a very strong guard strake of
white oak secured to each frame bv
through bolts of steel riyeted inside
This guard strake Is further strength
eued by heavy angIe-bar of steel
which, iu turn, is fastened with especial
care
Lifts the Vessel
The purpose OF this guard strake.
apart from being a buffer IS 10 help 10
lift the vessel out OF the water as the
ice brushes about her. AS can be seen.
the ice Will press against heI sides and
then, as they ofler FIRST resistance. it'll
win rise and catch under she counter or
cverEars Of this guard and bodily raise
the vessel In case the ship. on the
other hand, has been frozen i'm a thick
pack OF ice and lt is desirable 10 free
heri hydraulic jacks are 10 be set upon
the ice and brought 10 bear upon the
under side of the guard. and these. IN
turn. VIII raise the craft and, as she IS
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1904-10-16

to speed the ship on her journey north
ward.
Heavy Canvas Sails.
The sails VIII be made of heavy can
vas, and so fashioned that they viii be
able 20 withstand frequent thawings
and freezlngs. and the driving blasts of
the Polar region. The arrangement of
sail, too, viii admit Of easy handling
By few men.
The ship viii be 164 feet long on the
load Water-llne, and $50 feet long from
the tip OF her stem TO the after side Of
her rail. Her maximum beam, over her
guard. viii be nearly IS feet. and. when
tui laden she viii draw nearly II feet
or water. Her displacement when
ready for sea. and with all coal and
stores aboard. viii be quite J.. 500 tons.
The model OF the hull is rather s'bIuf.r
and, lying fairly low in the water. fl IS
suggestive both Of strength and capacftv
10 hold IT'S own In almost any weather
ana against the pounding Of ugly seas
Inc topgailant r0rcCastIe carries the bow
blsh enough to make the vessel reason
ABLY dry in head sea, while anordfrg
space for the accommodation bereerb
Tor the EsEimos and their dogs. which
VIII De housed there later on.
Houses on Deck.
The two biz dock houses viii provide
quarters for Comm ander Peay the
ships officers. and the members OF the
scientific stan. These houses win be Of
peculiar construction. and are designed
u ne portable, the object OF this being
70 enable their removal from shin To
shore II emergency demand, where they
may be turned into reasonably c0mf0r-
table habitari0us susceptible Of ec9ror7-
lcal heating and maintenance. The buIlz
OF the crew or which there win be about
twenty. viii be qUartered below deck
The keel stem, and sternpost will h.
Oulit OF heavy white oak and over the
keel there VIII be a stout false keel Of
the same material which viii bear the
rub OF thick ice and any grounding. The
trdInt5 viii also be of white oak ana
closely spaced. The deck beams viii be
Of very thick yellow pine usually well
supported ana fastened to the frames bv
big through bolts
Amioship these beams VIII be support
ed right up from the top keel by steel
sLaHchlous so arranged chat they NAV
be set up 10y bolts 10 take up any give
developed In the structure iu the course
OF building. TO insure exceptional stiff
nefs 90 the hull there VIII bc heavy vel
low pine diagonal braces. very securely
fastened at every frame.
Resists Ice Pressure.
While cutting up the space between
decks this arrangement gives Just that
resistance to the pressure OF ice uuou
the bottom and bIges that win cause
the vessel. like melon seed pinched be-
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1904-10-16

to speed the ship on her journey north
ward.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1904-10-16

While cutting up the space between
decks this arrangement gives lust than
resistance to the pressure of ice 1non
the bottom and bilges that win cause
the vessel. like a melon seed piucked be-
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1904-01-28
ELECTRO-THERMIC FAN.
II Heats the Air Current 1t DeIiverx
TO Any Degree the Operator
May Desire.

An electric fan that heats the air.
current that it delivers has been de-
vised by NJ. de Mare, a Belgian cleo
trieian. The device, which is termed
by its inventor the "electrothermic
fan" is thus described by Emile Guar
mi in the Scientific American Supple
ment:
THE apparatus consists of an cleo
trio motor and rotating fan, the blades
of which are of mica Upon these mica
blades are fastened resistance-coils,
which are heated by the passage
through them of a current of electric
tty"
In order to heat the air to a high
temperature by means of these coils.
without melting the wire OF even pro-
ducing light, which would waste the
energy. NJ. de Mare incloses his fan in
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1904-01-28
GAVE THEM A SETBACK.
How the Automobile Interfered with
the Domestic Economy of
One Village.

L was making little tour of SD
burban county in my automobile last
summer" said New Yorker, relates the
sun, and one day drew off to one side
OF the road with my machine and stopped
to let an approaching farm team pass
Inc team came up, showing no fear at
the sight of the auto, and | hailed the
farmer in the wagon. He stopped his
team.
m glad to see that the horses
through hera have become used to the
automobiles and are no longer fright
ened by them l said
Yes replied the farmer, "but it's a
Dig setback to us farmers. It's goin' to
raise our taxes like all possessed
" Raise your taxes!' said l.
Yes, he replied. You see, some OF
our teller citizens has been hot foot fer
good while back to have the town git
one O these steam road maxim m a.
chimes, and they cost tremendous-S2,0 900
or $3,OOO-and we've been objectin' to it
every time, and carryin' our pint, on the
ground that one O. them machines work.
in on the road and tinkerin of 'em up
all the time would be everlastin'ly shee r
In our bosses so at every turn tn at
there'd be nothin' but smashed wagons
and broken bones in the town from one
years end to t'other, and it wouldn't
be safe fer us to drive nowheres.'
'Well?' said not little puzzled.
oil i % -
by and by along comes the automobiles
I all kinds and sizes and shapes, and
with all sorts O. noises, and the first
thing us farmers knows it gifts so OUR
hosses amt no more afeard of 'em and
don't keer no more about 'em than If
hey was only OK teams geehawin' by
And that knocks u.s.
How So? said |, still puzzled.
How so?' responded the farmer.
Why, consarn it, if our bosses ain t
skeered by automobiles, of course tho BY
amt goin' to mind a steam road maxim
machine, and so we hain't got no legs
to stand on in arguin' agin the gittin' of
one! And they're goin' to get one and
set 1t to work, and our taxes is goin'
to be bumped up like all possessed to
pay fer it! Two or three thousand dol
lars, and all because our HOSES has gpt
used to automobiles on the roads. and
won't skeer no more! Big setback? |
should say so! Geet up, Bill
And the farmer drove on, but me
didn't appear to be as much cast DOWN
over the setback as one might haF
thnl1nht
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1904-01-28
STRANGE SEA MONSTER.
How the First Sight of n Mnnatee OF
Sea Cow Impressed n Fisherman
in Florida Waters

A sight that is getting more and more
rare now is that of a manatee, or seq
cow-the wonderful mammal lives ex-
clusively in the water, like a fish, and
that has furnished the foundation Of
many mermaid story by thrusting it's
head and shoulders out of the ocean
near shore, just in time to let startled
crew see it, says the Washington Post
L shall never forget the scare l got at
the first sight of manatee," said John
Mansfield, the angler. 1T was last year,
in the Indian river, in Florida. My
boat was anchored under a bank of
grasses, and l was lolling in the stern,
looking idly downward into the water
and thinking of anything except sea
monster, when suddenly a vast form
made me pull my head back In
tinctively.
The thing was so dark that it
looked almost black. 1t was shaped like
huge, thick carrot, only, instead of the
thin tail of a carrot, it had a broad, fiat
tail exactly like that of a lobster.
1T came along smoothly and silently,
gliding close along the bottom, and at
first | couldn't see any head at all. 1t
looked weird, and l couldn't imagine
what it was.
Suddenly, it bent that big lobster
tail backward, doubled it beneath itself,
and instantly its progress stopped as if
it had put on brakes.
The next moment the thing was ap-
parently standing straight Up on end.
Then l saw two bony things like arms
shoot out from the upper part OF its body,
and the thing began to bob back and
forth like very clumsy person trying
to make funny little bows
Then l realized that what was look
ing at was manatee, or sea COW, and
that it was in the act of feeding A big
bunch of river grass grew just where it
had stopped, and it was taking it down
in great mouthfuls.
Il now saw that it had a head, sure
enough, although it was a most absurdly
small head, looking like little cork
in big. fat bottle. But the most remarks
able thing about the head was the mouth.
THE lower jaw was all right. 1t was
like that of seal. But the upper jaw
was split vertically, so that it opened
like the upper lips OF a rabbit. 1t was q
true hare lip, only it was about 40 times
as big as the worst hare lip that ever
was on dry land
with the queer upper lip the manatee
seized the big whisps of river grass, and
handled them as an elephant would
handle hay with it's trunk. Then the
lower jaw would shoot out and yank it
into the cavernous mouth. 1t was q
great sight-the funny mouth, the tiny
head, the huge body, twice as big around
as that of man, and about as long; the
rough hide, the tiny f1ippers, and the
lobster tail-a veritable cross between
cow and a seal, and fish and water
bug"
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1904-01-28

Liquid hydrogen is by far the colde ST
liquid known at the present time. At
ordinary atmospheric pressure it boils
at-422 degrees F.. and reduction of
the pressure by an air pump brings the
temperature down to-432 degrees, at
which the liquid becomes a solid, resern
bling frozen foam. According to Prof.
Dewar, to whom the credit is due of hav-
ing liquefed hydrogen in 1898, the liquid
is colorless, transparent body, and lis
the lightest liquid known to exist, Its
density being only one-fourteenth THAI
of water; the lightest liquid previously
known was liquid marsh gas, which lis
six times heavier. The only solid which
has so small density as to float upon its
surface is piece Of pith wood-Cais-
sier's Magazine
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1904-01-28
Unhen1thfuI Palaces.

The illness OF the czarina has been
attributed to the insanitary condition
of many royal palaces in Russia. 1t
may be so, but there are cases where
Inflammation Of the ear arises from
quite other causes. There is, of course.
considerable difficulty in renovating
the private apartments of a monarch
whose life is in constant and imminent
danger from obstinate anarchist in
trigues. Unless rumor gravely lies, the
czar himself does not know where he
will sleep before night comes, and to
throw open the geography of the pal
ace to workmen would increase its ter
rors tenfold. The best plan would De
to employ foreigners, and, preferably
Englishmen, who are least of all
touched by hatred of monarchy. A
court is always conservative, like a
university, and it is not uninterestine
to compare the statements about the
damp and unhealthy palaces of Russia
with the famous American mothers
characteristic condemnation of the COL
leges at Oxford.-London News.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1904-01-28

plumbing fixtures. The front bedroom
may be finished white, the remaining
rooms natural wood. There is a ball
cony connected with the front of the
house and front bedroom.
Estimate material needed to build:
$50 feet 2x6 inches for plates; -2oh
squares Zoo square feet; 2x12 inch
for joists, placed 16 inches on centers:
10 squares 2x6 inches for rafters.
16 inches on centers; 29M squares
seven-eighths-inch matched spruce or
pine flooring; 10 squares one-inch
rough boards for roof sheathing:
lath and plaster, 600 square yards; %
inch rough boards for roof sheathing;
box frame windows, % doors First
floor or ground plan, dimensions, liv-
ing room, 16x19 feet, dining room liz
KITE feet, kitchen 14X11 feet; wash
room, 10x10 feet; second floor plan
front bedroom, 151ax20 feet; back bed
room, 141ex10h feet; bathroom, ks
feet; small bedroom. xii feet; end
bedroom, 10x71a feet. A. MacDon-
aid, in Orange Judd Farmer.