New-York tribune., 1904-09-18

Some items II the schedules are interesting.
CoaI-The fathers imposed duty on al xmas
II coal Al rates from about the present duly
on soft coal 10 more than double those no"
charged. saIt-rhe present duty IS higher than
in rha first act but much lower than under the
acts OF IS16-'l9 Sugar IS dura5e to-day al a
less rate than in the fret tariff. IN some tarl1s
Of the fathers uneruuerated imports we're cuu-
able. whether manufactures or raw materials
Al i ner cent. To-day manufactures not emu
rneratsd are 5utlable at 20 per cent; non-rnanu-
factures at - per cent The free list has been
extended far beyond what vas known in the old
tariffs.
WHO MADE THE FIRST TARIFF?
When the first tariff bin was prepared rev
enues we're inperatlvely necessary Notwith-
standing the demand for speedy action. many
weeks were spent in debating items in the bill
The act placed a duty on practically every AZ
t,cle imported Duties laid upon some articles
Of domestic manufacture were not only express
" intended 10 be protective but were higher
than duties on like articles to-day. In the next
tariff acts 1916 TO 1919. the really effective work
BY the fathers IN making protective laws was
accomplished. The nation had passed through
the war of 1912 with England. Revenues were
Necessary Embargo acts and the usual hin
ORANGES 70 foreign commerce incident % war had
stimulated domestic industry. The fathers dis
covered what the home Industries could do
Tariff acts w2re passed IN rapid succession. and
we're approved by James Madison and James
Monroe
On April 5. 17sS. 5Ir. Madison introduced the
first tariH bin. two days after quorum Of the
first House Of Representatives was secured and
a Speaker elected. He offered a simple bin for
raising revenue. He hoped it would pass in
time TO collect duties on the srring impOrtauons
that year. He favored customs duties rather
thar excise taxes for revenue purposes He OBJ
viously believed IN the free trade policy Of
duties upon articles that would not be protective
IN their effect because he enumerated for higher
duties tea coffee. pepper. cocoa, etc.
The debate on the bin lasted nearly two
months. II participated IN by members
from every State in the Union. The measure
was discussed from the standpoint OF free trade,
protection, revenue. the interests Of manufact-
urts, OF agriculture, and Of commerce. The
records u the men who took leading parts are
interesting. James Madison. Of Virginia: Mem
Ter cf The Continental Congress; member Of the
constitutional Convention; served in four Con-
sresses before he became Secretary Of State
end later President. Thomas Fitzsiulmons. OF
FennsylvaRia was IN the Revolutionary army:
member q the Pennsylvania Legislature: mem
DeF q Constitutional Convention. Fisher Ames
u Massachusetts,, Member OF Massachusetts
legislature. elected 10 Congress over Samuel
.-uains. Thomas Tudor Tucker. of South Caro-
ma Member of Continental Congress- Daniel
S@1Fois Of Maryland: Member Of Continental
SohgFess ano Constitutional Convention. James
'~eAson, OF Georgia: A hero OF the Revolution;
member Georgia Constitutional Convention. FL
oIlase Gerry. OF Massachusetts: Member state
--oose OF Representatives and Of Constitutional
convention Elias Boudinot, OF New-Jersey:
9ien6er OF Continental Congress John Law
.s'4oe' of Aew-York: Judge Advocate on Wash
-'sloas stan in the Revolution; member OF
Su@le legislature: member OF Continental Con-
sieAs George Clymer. OF Pennsylvania: Mem
ssf or Continental Congress- Of Pennsylyania
sslsiature ana Constitutional Convention.
-Aolnas Hartley. ot Pennsylvania: Colonel in
s heVoiuuonaFy War; member OF STAT. Iegis-
SleeIe. ,le. .hsodrick Bland OF Virginia. y,evoIu-
Co-y war captain: member OF C,xf;-entaI
Cscsssss: member OF Virginia ConEritl,tional
80 se Inen were familiar with the rlse ~ the
republic, with the sentiments az ths rsonIe