davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1904-04-07
One Side of the
Eight Hour Day.

Paper Read Before the ChdutduQua Circle.
"HE eight hour day for, meehan-
les and laborers has been recog-
nized by the national govern
ment to the extent Of providing
by law that eight hours shall constitute
days work for those employed on
government work. Ever since this law
went into effect, organized labor has
supported strong lobby at Washing
ton, in an effort to have bill passed
extending this law so it will include all
work done for the government by con-
tractors or sub-contrsctors. In other
words, this lobby wishes to make it un-
lawful for the government to purchase
or use any material, wares or merchan-
disc of any kind, if anyone is employed
more than eight hours each day in pro-
ducing the same. Remember, the pro-
posed law is so worded that the me-
chanic or laborer affected thereby shall
not be allowed to work more than
eight hours out of the twenty-four,
even if he desires to do so.
Such law is strongly opposed by
the manufacturing interests on many
grounds and many excellent arguments
are advanced in support of their oppo-
sition. In the first place, the proposed
law is class legislation. 1t will favor
manufacturers who work their plants
eight hours per day to the detriment of
the many who work the usual ten
hours. 1t is extravagant, as the gov
ernmentwill surely be obliged to pay
far more for supplies produced under
an eight hour day than is now paid, if
its market is restricted by foolish legis-
lation.
For example, take the item of shoes
for the army and navy. Many thous-
and pairs are purchased annually. The
existing shoe factories cannot agree to
work eight hours per day for the sole
purpose of securing government con-
tract, but if one or two did agree to the
condition they would be obliged to
charge high prices, as supplies and la
Dor would cost more than at present.
Every part of the shoe would have to
be made on an eight hour day basis.
The eyelets, cement, blacking, sole
leather, upper leather, laces and other
findings which enter into the making
of pair of shoes would have to come
from an eight hour factory. Where
do such factories exist? Letters were
addressed to several thousand manu-
facturers in every line of trade, asking
whether they could conveniently ar
range to install two systems in their
factories, to permit them to turn out
government as well as private work.
Ninety-nine per cent answered that
such two system plan was not prac-
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1904-04-07

tical, and that, if the proposed law
were adopted, they would discontinue
bidding on government work. This
is no bluff on the part of the manutac-
turers, as government work is so small
a per cent of the output of each fac
tory that IN the interest of economy
the manufacturer could we'll do with
out it.
The effect of such law would be to
build up eight hour factories organized
solely for the purpose of monopolizing
government contracts, and having the
government at their mercy they could
charge any price they pleased, or at
least far higher price than could be
obtained by the outside factories.
To avoid this the government would
be obliged to go into the business of
manufacturing on its own account all
the hundred and one articles it buys
during the year.
The labor lobby makes no secret that
its real purpose is to force the adoption
of universal eight hour day and the
government ownership of public utili-
ties. Such being the case, why do not
the labor leaders come out plainly and
try and have law passed providing that
eight hours shall constitute days
work, whether in public or private
work? ? They we'll know that they would
not have the support of the working peo-
pie in passing such a law. Employees
as well as employers know that wages
are guaged by the amount of produc.
ton. Some of the labor people assert
that man can do as much work in
eight hours as he can do in ten, owing
to his longer period of rest and better
physical condition. This may have
been true twenty years ago, but IN this
age OF machinery production is guaged
by the machine and not by mans
work, and as all machines are now
running at the highest speed, if the
hours of work are cut down the OUTPUT
is reduced and lower wages will natur-
ally follow.
Knowing that it is impossible to pass
law making the eight hour day uni
versaI, the labor leaders are trying to
force half way measure in the hope
that it will eventually lead to what
they desire. In the meantime the law
proposed would foster sort of labor
aristocracy, composed of persons en-
ployed on government work, who
would earn more money with less la
Dor than the same class of labor en-
ployed on private work. This aristoc-
racy would be supported by the people
as whole in the shape of increased
taxation, thus grinding the private
workman more than ever before. I
say nothing of the political machine
which would be built up among this
class, for class it would be, altho the
principles of democracy are strongly
opposed to any such distinctions.
wonder what the patriots would
say who fought so hard against the or
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1904-04-07
~ SPRING. -
. 9
3.

When stubborn Winter yields When snowdops
last heads;
To alternating shine and rain Familiar birds eappear;
Of the Earth Then voice ex
The dormant life revives again. claims
"Be glad of heart, for Spring
When tn increasing length of 'o'0'
Day W. -, !,
Curtails the deadening power " " ~ 0' soi0
,a ~ Ef h;;n Dkoe Thou symbol of revvng Hope
~ wy o - Thou teachest o spurn despair
To clustering force of Ne- -o '"''iin'n "o
Light or
For tho the barren Winter Of
When birds and beasts begin Misfortune bring
pair but pain,
And nstinctively comply The balmy Overwhelming
With tn universal law of Life Spring
Which and mu Will make bruised Souls
tply" whole again.
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03
ARMAMENT OF MeoJlDiA
bultan's New Cruiser Equipped with
Guns Made In America.


Guns Made In America.
The Turkish cruiser Medjidia. re
Gently built by the Cramps in Philadel-
phia, is equipped throughout with
guns aud mounts and ammunition
made by the Bethlehem Steel Com
pany. says the Philadelphia Record.
This Is the first instance on record of
an American firm supplying Il complete
ships armament of modern high pow
er guns to a European government.
The guns and mounts are of new and
exclusive designs, embodylng the latest
and highest developments of the arts.
Their performance In trial tests proved
most satisfactory TO the Turkish OH
cials on board
The battery consists of the follow
ing guns: Two 6-inch 10 caliber; eight
47ineh 80 caliber, rapid-firing; SIX
three FOUNDERS six one-pounders semi
automatic. 80 caliber rapid firing; one
3-lnch field gun and two broadside IA
inches above water Whitehead tor
pedo tubes. The battery Is entirely of
rapid-fi fire guns, and, for the displace-
ment of the vessel, is very powerful.
The forward and aft pair of 4.T-inch
guns fire directly ahead and astern re-
spectlyely, and have each total are of
fire of 100 degrees.
The other 4.7-inch guns have a
broadside train of 100 degrees each.
The three-pounders and one-pounders
are so mounted on the bridges, ham
mock berthings and military masts as
to give the best train and protection to
the ship from torpedo-boat attacks
There are one 6-inch and two 4.7-ineh
guns ahead and the same astern. The
broadside fire consists Of two 6-inch
and four 4.7-inch guns.
All the guns are of the latest type
and the 6-inch and 4.7-ineh are hooped
to the muZZle, thus providing against
any sudden diminution of the strength
of the guns where the hoops ordinarily
terminate, and are in accordance with
the most modern United States guns.
The guns are all provided with shields
All the ammunition to be used with
the different callber guns tboth armor-
piercing and common shells) was sup
piled also by the Bethlehem Steel Com
pany, which In equipping the Med.
jidia has broken the monopoly SO long
enjoyed by Krupp of Germany.
The Medjidia is a twenty-two-knot
protected cruiser. with protective deck
extending fore and aft, the central por.
| ton rising above the load line ano
slopng at the sides to four inches be
ness of the armor on the slope Is foul
inches. The ship is otherwise unar
mored, except that the coming tower
Is armored with four-inch plates.
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03
SCRAPS ON THE RAIL WAYS.
Odd Bits of Iron that Are Worth in the
Aggregate Thousands of Dollars.

Odd Bits or Iron tnat Are w OrLn IN tile
Aggregate Thousands of Dollars.
In the successful management of the
railways of the country there are many
seemingly Insignificant matters that re-
quire constant attention. Thousands
of dollars are saved to the companies
each year by detailing men to look
after and care for their scrap, the
pieces of iron and steel that fall Off
moving cars. that come from aban-
doned machinery or from broken pieces
of equipment
Almost all the big transportation
companies In the United States main
tain what they call scrap departments.
At two or three points on the road.
generally where there are any con
struction or extensive repair shops.
this scrap is gathered from all parts of
the system
One of the duties of the track walk
ers and repair gangs Is to pick up and
throw into little heaps along the track
all bits of iron and steel that may be
found along the right of way or that
may be left whenever any piece of
work is completed At irregular in
tervals a scrap train is sent over the
road for the purpose of gathering up
these odds and ends. They are taken
to the gathering point and there care
fully sorted.
Some ingenious mechanics have de-
vised machinery to separate and han
die these scraps. After being run
through sort of hopper that divides
the small and the large from the other
different sizes men are put to work to
pick out from the various heaps what
may again be utilized. Bolts, nuts,
bars, couplings and the like which may
be used again are worked over for
further use.
The refuse, amounting to thousands
Of pounds, is shipped to some iron
works that has a contract with the
company for using all this waste iron
and steel
This plan of Systematically caring
for the waste iron of railroads is of re-
cent origin. 1t Is one really of slow
growth. or course, pieces Of iron and
steel waste material or the refuse of
shops or wrecks has been taken care
of for years, but only in desultory,
haphaZard way.
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03
PURE WATER FOR WASHING BUTTER.

Butter makers have long since ar
rived at the conclusion that the water
in which butter is washed has much
to do, not only with the keeping quail
ity of the butter, but often with its
flavor. We have seen farm wells so
foul that the water could hardly be
used except for cooking purposes, but
that same water was used in the wash
ing of butter and in the cleansing of
vessels that were to hold milk. In
one case the writer saw we'll the wa
ter of which had become almost unus-
able. The owners had the we'll clean
ed out, and great mass of dead an
gle worms was found in the bottom.
1t was these angle worms that had
tainted the water. In the same way
it is preferable to use soft water in
stead of hard, as sometimes the hard
presence in it of decayed vegetable
matter. At some of the colleges
where butter making is taught, this
matter of soft and hard water has
been looked into, always with the re-
suits that the purer water and the soft
water gave the best favored butter.
Reports from New Zealand say that
some of the off fiavors in the butter
that had been sent from that country
to Euronp ware. fOund to coma from
the water in which the butter was
washed. So we caution our readers
to make sure that the high priced
butter fat that is to be made up into a
form to go on the table of the dis
eliminating buyer be washed in water
so pure that there will be no question
of its communicating the butter =
Northwest Pacific Farmer
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03
PRODUCING GOOD MILK.

The whole secret of producing good
milk can be generalized in few
words: Healthy, clean and ll-fed
COWS having a clean, comfortable sta
BILE; healthy, clean and quiet mixers
having disposition to treat the cows
at least fairly; sound, clean and ster-
ilized utensils, prompt cooling and
protection of the milk This is tae
secret that is bringing success to some
dairymen while their neighbors fail.
These conditions could be introduced
easily, cheaply and protitably into
thousands of dairies. Too many
dairymen make the mistake of think
ing that large outlay of money is
necessary before high grade milk can
be produced. They are scared Off by
phantom. The fact is, many dairies
could be changed to "A sanitary from
an unsanitary condition without the
expenditure of single dollar in cash.
More light, more fresh air, better ar
rangements for bringing the feed and
for removing manure, a little time
each day to clean the stable and .he
cows. coat of fresh whitewash once
or twice year to cover and kill the
bacteria on the walls and partitions
these things are not expensive-and
perhaps a new ceiling or floor above
the cows to exclude dust from the
hay NOW. -R. A. Pearson.
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03

Vaag
furnishes
he
at
demand
the where they The Russian faced the
manfuly The protected cruiser
the the national
torpe
followed
concentrated varag The ship rdded
which
while
picking the survivors -
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03

shall maintain it. We have interest except that
the may end speedily have except that
bring into the struggle any the other nations
which content Under circumstances that |
try.
Our navy, which constitutes all Of the effective
navy of today begun during the administration of
President Arthur and under the direction of his two
retaes of the navy Hunt and Chandler 1t continued
during the administrations President Cleveland
der the direction Of Secretaries Whitney and Herbert The
lamented Whitney said
This country afford to have and it cannot afford
to lack naval force least formidable that Its deal
ngs with foreign Will not be Influenced a time
be suspected OF being Influenced by conscious
of weakness the sea- And again: lt is Of little
service to nation to have any navy ut all unless 1t Is
fair expression of the highest scientific of its
day
have not lost hope that the policy of increasing our
power upon the will be maintained, matter which
party may be in control Of the national administration
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03

enough for two to the contrary notwthstand
Ing. Mathematics Is the and only science
by no possible process OF calculation the equal
the whole Love in cottage may charming but IL can.
not De maintained without the wherewlthal
1t Is good biblical doctrine, we'll sound common
sense to undertake nothing without counting cost
They who the TO care for the things Of
Itself are apt as the saying Is left" s only
story books that when the hero fail to make
both ends met they inherit fortune long
relative turns In the time In real life such luck
Is 50 rare as to be regarded phenomenal.
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03

KEW. II. II. HENSON. when are reSafueu
as being "a pack OF lies too gross for
liberation" He declares that inspira-
tion is not allowed to certify to the
truth of any statement in the Bible
(which cannot be substantiated at the
bar of reason and evidence" In the
New Testament he finds little to offend
reason or conscience, but, whether
much or little it will have 20 go the
way of the Old Testament prodigies,"
In an analysis of the present social
condition. Canon Henson attributes the
spread of anarchy, the ulcer that is
eating the vitals of society," 10 the
disappearance over large areas of civil
lied life of the religious basis Of mo-
rality" Yet he finds an excuse for
these "nonmoral multitudcs' who
from the cradle TO the grave have
faced the severe pressure of competi-
ton, the squalor and poverty and the
miserable eXigencies of unmerited
want" and who inevitably compare
their condition with the ostentation of
unearned wealth, the profuson and
unchecked luxury and the insolence Of
uuchastened power"
The canon says that when 1t is re-
membered that these cruel. shocking
contrasts are no longer regarded with
the duh stare of fatalistic ignorance,
but in the full light of those doctrines
of equality which are the common
places Of democratic politics" II is no
wonder that the minds Of thousands
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03

oAhsoLL D. WRIGHT duty should be employed 1t was
that this meant nothing whatever and SO the
next movement was to prohibit the employment of
who were habltual drinkers even In slight degree.
This movement has spread the country. The pub
lie Is interested much the railroads themselves The
safety OF travel and the avoidance disaster
the whole people and thus the value proh
bton has been felt In every direction
private and corporate which
establishments with little friction and little loss
possible. The common and tutory laws which
poyers liable In degree and under certain
stances for the carelessness their employees
powerful Incentive to the employment of with clear
heads Thus economically again the acquires
strength
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03
A NEW STRAWBERRY.

From wild Strawberries collected at
Point Reyes the agricultural depart
ment of the University of California
has produced some fine specimens OF
fruit retaining the wild flavor and de-
lightful aroma for which the unculti-
waited species are noted. Two types
suitable for selection or hybridizing
are being distributed to growers un-
der the usual conditions. - Fruit
Grower
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03
WAR Will NOT INVOLVE UNCLE SAM.
BY y. n. Moody. Secretary Of tho Navy.

We are on friendly terms with
both nations engaged in the war in
the East and are attached to each by
a bond of peculiar sympathy. The one
nation eudeared herself to the hearts
OF the American people by an expires.
sion OF good will in the days of our sore
trial. Toward the other we occupy al
most the position of foster mother,
because it was our navy that broke
through the door Of her Eastern exclu-
siyeness and let in the flood of sunlight
Of modern civilization. We have de
cIarad our nnnLrallty in this slrungle
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03
HOW TO ENCOURAGE TEMPERANCE.

The question of lntemperance Is one
which Is largely in the hands OF EN-
ployers of labor. When the employer
understands and announces that he can
hire man with clear head for the
same compensation for which he can
get one With muddled brain the tenn
perance movement Is subjected to a.
force not known by any other method
1t may we'll be called the dynamics of
the temperance movement aud began
on the railroads II generation ago. first
In orders that men who drank while on
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03

bridge Universities,
E II g a n d h IA s
raised a storm of
criticism by the
publication of an
article wherein lie
attacks the insplra-
ton of the Old Tes-
lament, referring
to its incredible,
puerile or demoral-
izin 8 narratives,
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03

are predisposed toward the sophistries
of anarchy"
z ut would be idle to deny" he con-
cludes, that the credit of the Scrip
lures Is seriously shaken in the public
mind, nor can il reasonably be doubted
that the tendencies Of popular life as
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03

About some people there is~an llde-
escribable- obnoxiens. odor;. an :, odor
somewhere between sick man and
dead man
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03

deepest dye, and popular womhns magazine which
recently held symposium upon the subject of what
most desire wife announced triumphanty that of all
the who replied to the not mentioned money
as a requisite qualification.
the less there few people, middleaged and
prudent for the most part who do not hesitate
that IL is almost bad thing marry without
money sage taught by experience
that daily bread is absolute necessity to ife they have
learned that milk and honey what stands for them
nowadays be had without money and without
price, and they argue that it is quite selfish to think
only of the present and take thought of the
others in either is to prefer the
fort of omorroy to the passion Of to-day No has
the right to ask to marry him unless he fifty
cherish her. should marry her lover, however
eager may be- when she knows that he must struggle
to keep his head above water without the additional
burden of her support What is enough for is not
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03

but when art the thing the strings pulled
Philadelphia prize fight brought the populaee
while my engagement Cancelled. Once thought the
day would come when the Americans would rather
prize fight than hear sing. 1 thought l under
stood them and that they loved but 1t is different
In fact, as America with my eyes opened
find it most undesirable place There is little here
commend and great many things deplore. did not
enjoy my tour at all. really mortified to think of
how have been subjected the prevalent vugarty of
Americans.
do not like America we'll l did In former years.
The country has changed much and, really, 1t has
not changed for the better.
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03
CandeIaria Hall Saloon

Is we'll known and finely furnished and is the
most popular resort in Candelara. The bar is
stocked with the choicest and best brands OF
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03
The Coming Jury.

Lawyer "a few years hence)-Make
your mind easy. The jury will dis
agree.
Prisoner--Sure?
lawyer know it. Two Of the mem.
bers are man aud wife.
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03
Ghetto.

The word ghetto is Italian, and is
supposed to be an abbreyiation Of Dor
ghetto" little town, or town within
II town. There is no reason why the
terln should be limited in its appllca
ton. as the Italians themselves limited
il to Jewish town within a town.
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03
MARRYING WITHOUT MONEY.
nv Heieu OIdfjeId

Theoretically, at least, most people will agree
that 10 marry solely for worldly gain is
aud despieabo deed Those who apparently mar
ry for money would no doubt unanimously repel
the accusation with Indignation, and claim that
they have but followed the advice which Tenny-
sons northera Garner gave to his son to goa
wheer the mummy is Poets and romancers usu-
ally portray the mercenary sultor as a villain OF
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03

at present prevailing are in tie main
hostile 70 Christian trddition."t,l -. =.
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03
LIQUORS AND CIGARS

To be had in the Market.
Mr.. Thomas viii conduct nothing but first
class house, and cordial welcome viii be ex
tended to all guests
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03
PRIZE FIGHTS VS.. ART.
BY IdeLina Patti.

America Is indeed strange place. and Amer
leans are strange people Once thought the
country was the place for art, but see now that
artists should never go there. The continent Is
SO different. There art is understood by all and
art Is at home Here art knocks at the door like
stranger and the public rebuffs 1t like beggar
Americans like prize fights and such things
They will spend their money to see bruta lity
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1904-06-03
CaldCIaTii1 Hall,
North Side of Main Street,
3ANhkIARIA, NEVADA.
VIM, H, THOMAS, Prop'r.
The Proprietor of this Newly Fitted and Com
modions Hall is now prepared 10 furnish
Theatrical Troupes,
Dancing Parties,
Military Companies,
Political Clubs and
Secret Societies,
VIM. H. THOMAS, Prop'r,
The Proprietor of this Newly Fitted and Com
modlons Hall is now prepared to furnish

With Hall which cannot be equalled in South.
western Nevada For terms, Theatrical Mama
gers will address the Proprietor