davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-01-31
MANS MFNTAI FYOLUTION UP THE REMOIE PfSl

are truly conscious OF wrong. Fidelity
is a we'll known property of the canine
and feline mind, The horse is known to
have many attributes Of mind that ARE u
mens minds. often more acutcly Sdevel-
oped than In brutal and merclless drivers.
Animals display inventive genius In
avoiding traps, and stays retrace their
paths and then jump to one side to throw
mounds off their scent. Monkeys have
been trained to human reason, and ele-
plants. Indeed. literature. ancient ana
modern contains q wealth Of accounts OF
the morality goodness and Intelligence Of
animals.
It is ditlcut to decide where intelas
Eence of higher animals reaches ma1'
imum, and that of low man has its m'n'
imum Really. minds Of higher animals
are more exalted than those OF low men
Let mercy reign and Kindness rule treats
ment OF our good friends. the animals.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-01-31

lain robs the rich. but protects the poor,
In this ethical standard Is not different
from that OF the average politician who
can with lmpunity rob the public, pro-
vding lie is liberal In his distribution
IF turkeys on holidays, flowers and
carriages at funerals, and Is sufficiently
active in securing the remission of small
fines, AS was we'll said OF Parks the
nbor leader in New York, that while
he was a CRATER he had at the sam'
time succeeded In raising the wages OF
certain craftsmen more than 80 per cent.
and this was sufficient excuse, 1t can
hardly be expected that the normal stan
dard Of literature will be greatly above
that Of the readers and conversely that
where there Is z demand for literature
Of a certain type It will be supplied,
Hence any discussion OF the relation Of
low standard literature to commission Of
| crime must be purely academic.
| In addition to purely imaginative liter
ature Is tho effect Of the exploitation of
| crimes and criminal deeds IN the daily
! press. These are probably OF ever
greater Importance than imaginative lit
erature in stimulating weak minds tc
] crime, All through the ages there has
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-01-31

4 Is above 8, This process was repeated
again and again. Sec Romanne's i ental
Evolution OF Man" page 03. book that
all should read.
Row the geometry Of tho spider was OF
a high order. and comes under the fun-
uumental law OF mechanics known as
thu resolution and composition %
roi ccs.,' Men make use nr It constantly
in Ilrting weights hundreds Of times
heavier than Themselves. None +of the
guEc,villzed races OF men could have De-
syleed this plan Of raising weight, SO
PROBABLY there are many millions OF hu-
nan beings with weaker minds than that
OF the spider, Tho book gives many IN
stances OF human intelligence In ants
bees and other insects and then Of high
or animals. This spider was a mhtnema-
tcian. Dogs have mathematical skin
also for they make allowance FOR cur
rents In river; II ono drs!rcs to swim 10
an object on the oppocltc side ne goes
ups tream to begin Ills journey.
Whole books are published on the
morality and conscience Of animals They
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-01-31

Dun,on to the cxccutioner): re 4, sure I.
YOU show the mob my head. It VIII DO
long time ore they see Its ike.
Epuminoiidns Grounded; on being , toiu
that the rhebans were vlctorlous) 'Iheh
+ dlo happy.
,rhc unwisdom Of the great Theban
warriors failing to have his dying wo ,,!
copyrighted, Is we'll shown by the utter
innccs OF General Wolfe, who Just pelore
srnssins away at quebec, worked thenl UP
again in slightly amended form. me
general said:
WHAT do they, run alrcady' Then Then
i die happy" $500
F,runchmnn, Montcalm, who was also
mortnlly wounded, found opportunity 10
say while passing away:
"It Is d great consolation to have neen
vnnouished by so brave nm enemy.
lust a few more to show how beau. u
f,illy opposite tho truly great can DO
at tho final moment:
sir Walter Ralelgh:3"It matters nttte
how the hend lies (snld on inc SUI
fold. where he was behended).
Madame Rolnnd "Ol liberty, W ,i1
erin rs fre committed in thy name
humboldt: GLOW grand these Iuys =,
rhcy seem to beckon earth to lleayem a,
{ Culver TO the nurse applying leeches,t
..Nurse, it was / who discovered ''ia'
,Ieeches hive red blood. n r, .,.,.
Moody (the actor: Reason thus VIII
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-01-31

ro,cv streets and dull, straight ROADS
sintn scenes OF lnoxhaustible delighL
n,opled with figures conjured py ou'
hnye heard Of a lonely child who IN
vanted n playmate and made constant IN
comrade OF this imaginary friend, tax
En,, - her, appealing to her and satis
fled with her incessant companionsh,p'
Thus the tendency Of the child IS 10
naonle the external world with all man
ner Of strange fancies, and IRON .irIa
first instinct Of play he steps natu ,lul,,.
out into storylnnd. But chllu
mastery Of a story is different from any
thing that we know.
Is it not the reason why perhaps soilio
OF us when we look back to-day can TO-
call stories that We read as children m
sNnitely moro vividly than we can re1hein,
her the book that we read iast WEN
Tho very language comes back 10 us
when -, try to relate It, A child IS
not contented until 1t gets complete
understanding. 1t may not DO the same
thnt we should arrive at, but accordlEhrs
In the child's mind 1t is an exact grasp
Of the situation.
a child will resent even the sma nest
alteration Of text II story IS repea'eu
To him. SO wildly has every lncloen!
lcen engraved on his mind It IS SAD
that a lady relating the story OF FUSS
In Boots Inadvertently made the nero
sit on a chair instead of box, TO pun
OFT his boots" # ss
She was greeted by sharp volley OF
corrections; and teh same lady, "lleil
narrating the story Of 1.-THE Beauty ano
tho Beast" for the second time, forgot
in describing the fact Of the beast sigh
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-01-31

,n,a rinary conErcgation, and put on nls
nina fore as n surplice and give niue az
dresses OF q rather severe tone @ol ny
olory. His first sermon, written d.. ei'e
q Se of fo,,r years, Is a curious specimen
or tho way in which the eschato'ogy OF
his time laid hold of the baby mind
"7t ,s.to a certainty" he said, that
NO cannot describe how thousands ana
ter thousands have been wicked, ana
nobody cnn tell how the devil can se
chained in hell Nor can we describe
how many men and women and chlldren
hnve been good. And II we go to heaven
We shall find them all singing
to God in the highest; ana
we 20 to hell we shall find an me
wicked ones gnashins their teeth !, ana
walking, as God describes IN the i5lDlc.
II humanity, honesty and good rensloh
fade. We can to ccrtalnly sot tt''''
back by being good again ~,
strange vision of God for the child
who aft.rwards was to be the man VINO
was to become the great exponent OF
Gods llimitable love!
It is the most vigorous and dominant
instinct this dramatic sense That po-
sesses tho chid's mind, which has
been truly called "the great IMPULSE to
DO something" an impulse which ao-
serbs him and makes him oblivious TO
his surroundings.
Most of us recall some such expert
ences. can well rccollect as child
long, dreary walks In London parks, filled
with thrilling excitement because my
sister and / recounted to each other the
sayings and dongs OF an Imaginary
| family, and this ceaseless drama took us
| from the gray world Of smoky trees and
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-01-31

BY
LADY SOMERSET.

i. doubtful moral, with IT'S strange per1
version OF right and Of wrong and US
haxy ethics. would not be tolerated ID 10
what arc called tho lowest parts OF Lon Lon
don. for there Woe and virtue mu pe
distinctly opposed to each other as piaeh
and white, and no softer shading ~ ' ao-
nlitted aB possible.
BE Ia true to OF course. that tho
s,,ve. Of the young, lived In such vicin-
IN lare IN constant contact with evil.
and thatfthcrefore for them possibly SUCH
.representationa are not harmful. but u
il advanced that for tctr educated, shel-
tered. protected lives Of tho children OK
4opportunity the drama can DO nothing
but harmful.
But surely, 1t depends upon how the
minds ~ such young people have been
trained In early years, whether all that
& is holy and good rapport has been as
sociatcd by5them with tho beautiful. tho
esthetic. the imaginative.
II is Impossible to imagine that wc caA
shut out from tho lives OF young people
the fact that thers Is wrong IN the world.
but 1t seems to me that to make GOOD
beautiful and wrong hlaeous, by, what
ever means must be the ultimate END
of all education, whether 1t is taught IN
literature or in the drama, or learned IN
tic great facts OF everyday life.
And further, that the folly. the yul-s
garty, tho absurdity Of tho contortei
ideas that arc met with In tho so-callcd
"problem plays" would be resented by.
a mind so trained as opposed to all the
ideals that had made life beautiful: for
tho resistance OF evil Is good. but the
mind for which 1t has no attraction IS
better. r.. &
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-01-31

ing, to add the words "ti the glasses
~ q he tahLe shook and the candles were
nearly blown out" whercupon the severe
glittle. listener at once stopped the nara
tor and supplied the interesting detsal ii.
If thrs is so, it is, I think, the very
81 ,.on rest emphasis Of the absolute ne
oessitv ~ cultiyatng the child magma,
lion. 1t seems to me to be the grcAtes'
mistake of modern education that this
nll important phase of childhood IS IN
danger of being misunderstood, LOT I. e. -.
lieve that the more or less enduring ~ -, t'4s
which take possession OF q ciliia ili ln,
work In later years Infinitely LOT Eoou
or for evil, for the power OF ehoo"! ~
everyday scenes with beauty any -
nance is one Of those priceless lcssoi''
only to be learned in early NE.
The princes and princesses the dWarls
and gnomes Of fairly tale, the "orkeis WORKERS
of kindly miracle like Santa CLAUS any
Father Christmas, are to me ch'lu NJ ~.
MYTHS or shadows, but absolute realties,
~ which are founded the ethics Of Me
the wicked prnoess who never a at am
her end. the beautiful princess whose
GOODNESS is always rewarded, the oraVe
nrlnce who obtains his hearts desire, the
wicked witch who is banished on a
broom stick-all these are types OF virtue
and Of vice which go to the ultlmate
formation of the adult view OF lie, anu
hold that few grown-up people reaii"e
how this world of fancy IN which the
child lives Is to him q reality, whereas
the tangible things that surround NJ nm
are Of comparative unimportance.5
one of the greatest pleasures OF child chill.
hood ~ says oliver Wendell Holmes IN
s.1rhe Poet OF The Break fas Table, rs: rs
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-01-31

Recent researches into human thought
eombined with analysis OF properties OF
mind on display In animals. lead to tho
inevitable conclusion that tho superior
qualities Of mems minds are additions
10 those OF his lower brethren. The bodies
Of animals from the lowest cell to the
highest man are kept alive by tho union
OF carbon with oxygen-a chemical pro-
cess. Then why should not their minds
be related? 1t is now known to psycholo-
eists that they are of Identical nature
and differ only In degree.
Addition has been continuous since tho
time when the first cell on earth ap-
neared. For the most rudimentary beings
conceivable exhibit properties OF mind
one at least, volition They haxe e%clta-
b!lity. therefore, feelings; nerves. al
though no trace of them can be seen In
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-01-31

her. that the fun and tho philosophy Or
such writer us Hans Anderson IS ao-
golutcly Invaluable for educational plir-
poses. The child hears only OF tho
swineherd and tho princess. the ltt',
white hen or the darning needle INC
ugly duckling, or the littlc mermaid but
tho elders understand tho deep truths
underlying TN, stories, and by and by
as the child mind 5assmilutes tho picture
life unfolda the meaning almost uncon-
sclousiy. for after all the truest cduca-
ton. as Charles William Elliott has
Justly said Fought to be leading ana
Inspiring and l know no one VINO
does this to greater perfection than TINS
true friend OF children.
t have noticed several paragraphs
lately in the American papers N which
tho drama is strongly condemned ms an
educational value. A love OF the drama
is as We have already seen, nnturat
Instinct implanted in every civilized hui
man bcng. I cannot therefore believe
that to endeavor to eliminate It entirely
can be either wise or in accord with the
spirit which recognizes that all legitimate
Instincts ought to be trained and
moulded for the good OF the human char
actcr.
I have often watched audiences OF the
very toughest girls and boys eagerly fol-
flowing a highly mclodramltlc pay. and
I have noticed with what Intense en-
thusIasm good Is lnvaria bly, supported,
and with what bitterness vice Is as In
varIably Kissed. 1F5
Y I am. OF course, utterly unable to speak
OF the American theatre, az know but
little OF It, but OF this I am fully aware
that in England tho problem play. with
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-01-31
y. BY =. 80
DIR. HAROLD N. MOYER.

there has developed a new ana startnne
feature Of crlminallty, but IT IS pased
upon opportunity, The deadly character
and high power Of the modsrn auto
matte revolver has found It's expression
in certan crimes. The character o.
these are to BIO attributed to the weapons
employed rather than to change -
tn, criminal instinct, The automatic
revolver. with Its expanding bullet ana
tremendous penetrating power. has MADE
possible series of crimes that ooulo
not have been perpetrated with s'ss
effective weapons.
II Is to these factors that the propoE-
tionate increase iincr!mes of violence ~
to be attributed ana not to any chan9s
,nthe basic Instincts of criminal nature.
The influence Of literature, thersfore, polA
Imaginative and other Is only IN q Gers
tain sense educatiye-that Isl II teaches the
criminal how certain things maybe done,
and It is probable that 1t has compare
tiysly little effect even in this direction,
as even IN its'absence criminal assoelates
" ould readily supply any lack Of kpoWi-
edge In the indlYld ual
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-01-31

wide meanings assigned to the Woros'
may be divided and sub-dlvided until
their qualifications into nature become
most comprehensive. Any addition to the
mentality of polyp will produce nina
Of slightly higher order Everything IN
mind has been gained by experience ana
stored in memory Chemical activity IS
daily stored In atoms of metal In storage
batteries, ready at any time to De re-
versed and appear as electricity Inc
metallic atoms were impressed. Mole-
cules, atoms and corpuscles have been
Impressed during countless thousands OF
years, and tho stored chemism-chemlcal
memory-when these infinitely reflned
currents are released In reverse flow, ap-
pear as thought
These arc speculatlons; yet mind has
endured without break since the tlrst
microscopic speck. enclosing life within
its walls, appeared on this planet. Mind
came from unthinklng matter and has
passed evolution until this day. There
does not yet appear any psychological
! barrier between any type of animals from
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-01-31

Nothing has 30 adorned our histories
\ !, 4 embellished our encyclopedias as the
diving sayings Of great men and women
II fact, one cannot be truly great uh-
less lie ut one time or another lies down ','
4 o,d Kicks The bucket, after giving VI,
iatnnrc 10 some brief ELOQUENT ana
$crirrnmmntical remark And DC II WI
Stiarstood. 1t takes good. live, vigorous
strong minded chnp to work OIL u lo,cl.
@blc diving statemcnt-a statement that
will stick and go cavorting down throus''
a INC ages, despite the TREMENDOUS CON.
n nctItion, to which 1t necessarily VIII oe
subjected. .a,a ,,,w
mnrib,,nd celebrities find the time anu
x ,nrve to shy the clever things they 10
.,her thew reach lifc's jumping or place,
t,,t nfier ali, why need my feeble nina
"a worried about this neXpiicaple 'l .u,.
ter? The capacity to make these tirne,y
f,.cn,nrks is one of the attributes OF s,eu.-
ress. and we lesser lights have no ou US.
nnss asking too many questions. W. W..
rnipht as we'll seek to ask Napoleon WY
10 was a great artillerist or neseee Gu
d George washington to tell us no" ~, ne
found the peculiarly means 70 Do '"o
rather Of His Country.
f'{'Tor my part, j try to content myself
n the face Of dying sayings, ny iel', 1..,,a
hering that the men and women WY
{, uttered them were fur above inc com
mon herd, and that, moreover they "e'e
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-01-31

been n tendency TO regard the criminal
as hero or quasi saint. The Romans
gave the names OF Hercules to crim'-
nails after death and dedicated a distinct
cult to them. Early folk lore shows
that the same reverence or amazement
that the educated feel for the man OF
genius the uneducatcd feel for the criml-
nal, We should not be surprised. there
fore, at tendency which has persisted
throughout the ages finding its expression
In tfnodern literature. OF course, such
literature is more abundant because uI
kinds OF literature has increased, but
throughout all time since literature began
there has been a dedication by the un-
educated of the criminal. or course, the
more atrocious the crime the greater tho
dcifcation. Those who arc inclined to re-
gard the yellow literature as product
of the present should turn to the Claude
Duval. Jack Sheppard, and similar ta's
| OF the last centruy Indeed, every gen.
eration has had its great hero criminals
whose lives and exploits were the theme
| OF song and story. Undoubtedly such
| literature has an influence In stimulating
crime. but probably only indirectly The
] individual or oslfaa!!aas1 OF unsocias instincts
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-01-31

3 /. H # /.
blessed with exceptionally accurate ,,'s
stenographers, who caught every sylln-
bic said. and perhaps added the heces-
gary punctuation
Although the little handbook now '
heforc ne-n sort Of cannon ball train.
p.blch swiftly cnrries me to the land
~ cncyclopcdlc wisdon--contuin not less
than 200 dying snyings-it must not DC
IN rnrred that such intellectual tidbits
.rnii from the lips Of plain. everyday
r,ortals, even though tho Grim Reaper pc
finds the sufferers with com fortaole a. as
sots and good insurance policies, FOR
diving sayings, IN addition to being either
,,,,nnent, witty or didactic, In a rev
words nrtisucally boiled down, must
summarize the story Of tho III ones lie
~ tcrscly touch upon the events lead
In, IN lie moribund individuals disso-
luton.
But fudge for yourself, from tho fol-
lowing quotations snatched at RANDOM
from my much-thumbed handbook: y,
beethoven (who WIS deaf: II shall
hear In heaven
Burns: Don't let the awkward SQUAD SQUAD
fire over my grave" -.
Adams (Presidenp: Independence 1or-
: washington (rather Of His Country; ;
MT is we'll. die hard, but am not alra'u
to co." I'd. ,o,,4o,> {.
t.,r.,,,o m yrolles q chair
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-01-31

revels in such literature. lns'euu -
being revolted by the crimes no IS PLEASED
ana edited by them, consequently ~ y
not the literature that makes me cr'an,.
mails, but criminals and evil mlndea nlahs
tho damand for the literature ferhaps
the incentive Of such tales may cuflS =
few Ytuc farther down the nrlmimnt
pathway than they would have gone VIVA
out it, but It's influence cannon 90 nv
portant, as tho underlying and pasif tu &c.
tors in the rising tide Of crlmlnh'lty ~
deeper than Yellow literature o. Wha'-
ever sort.
An intelligent observation OF the cflhls.
nality In the last few years SHOWS t''as
there is a tremendous increase " eri'nss
Of violence. The days OF me chsY.'
forger and counterfe!ler seem 70 pe pus..
The BertiIon system Of identlcalsol', ln y
national associations which lake eMss -
the great banking interestS, ana tne en-
ergy of the government have almost SUI
pressed this SORT of crime. There ~, INV
aver, u real increase in crimes or ylo.enes'
This Ia true not only Of the Unlted STATES
but OF Germany, italy. Bclglunl, wv
Spain. In only one country Is lnet H. = :
marked decrease In crlminallty, ana 9aas
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-01-31
mage to Say Such Marvellously Good Thing
to Get Into History and Encyclopedias.

ness, even as the Ice rremnturely ordered
for picnic lemonade &
1t Is consldereu the worst Of bad form
TO make dying declaration ana then
not do This species Of deception often
has been prnctice~. but In every instance
it has earned for the offenders the oppro.
brlutn which they 80 Justly ti1erlteu.
Never were the guilty ones again nccor i'l.
cd respectful hearlng-not even when
they were actually reauy to make good
BY dying The stenogrnphers, once fooled.
grow wary and cynical hnd refuse TO turn
out agalt, on hurry Gull.
Thus It will DO seen that In addition
to all tho other prerequisites in conne t'..
ton with dying snyings--enou gh nave
been mentioned to scare of the most am.
bilious Of mortals-you should Know
great deal about medicine and surgery
and be able to diagnose your own case on
Il seconds notice. jg %j
#E! S
Z The humble ehrthworm who writes thls
article has no desire 10 shine as dying
declaratlonist. II matters could be 80 ar
ranged that he pcrchanco could got IN
advance tip on, what was going TO happen
k ana IL no could tackle the JOB without i:
actually relinquishing life, no woliiu ue
willing to FURNISH up his wits TOT tne
occasion, but he would enter the iis q
with the profoundcst difidence. ss Ss \.
Az matters stand, however, ne IS l1Ae
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-01-31
THE CHILD AND THE DRAMA:

found In the mysteries whichait hides hide.
from the sceptlcism OF tho elders, ana
works IN into small n,ythologies OF ITS
own, md It Is Mr.. Bret Iarte. thinK'
Who says that every ono who has maao
Ii study Of childhood will see that inc
dominant expression Is gravity, not play
fulness. 81.
rhc child looks out upon life with SOL
ann wondering eyes, but II for him the
ways Off the world lead TO enchanted
castles. where bright beings dwell wheto
good Is ever vigilant to protect It's Yo-
tarieR and wrong is always Gventuhi,ity
doomed, the dawn Of life VIII GLOW WIN
q light which will not lose Its brig
by and by in the burden and heat OF inc
day. IA
MY plea is therefore, to excite and IN.
terest and cultivate the Imagination o.
children, to turn that God-givcn dramh.lc
instinct into currents that shall make
FOR happiness and for we'll being, ana
aboy,s all never to believe that the myth
is not perhaps in the end the sures, WY
to 4 mould that wonderful and delicate
and subtle thing that we cav "a child's
mind" into tho trucst perception OF tho
problems of later life.
IT is for this reason that I rejoice that
American children have In their midst
today one who holds this creed and ex-
mounds It in beautiful and lucid matl-
ner, know one who can captlVate Echll-
drcns imagination as can Marie Shed-
lock, nor do know any mind that mas
crashed 80 Intensely the value and tho
beauty OF the old fairly tale. and Is So
delicate SO subtle or 80 slmpso q story
| teller MS she. 8 ;<l 81 81. s. I.
81 IS her belief. and I share It with