Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1904-06-28
TERRAPM ahE SCARCE.
THE CATCH OF DIAMOND BACKS
GROWING SMALLER DAILY.
Fish Commissioners Bowers Declares
the Species Must Eventually Be-
come Exterminated Without Radi-
cal Measures Are Adopted.


terminated if present methods of the
industry continue, or if no steps ara
taken to arrest the decline by cult
Walton. For years the Chesapeake
Bay has been the most productive re
gion of this high priced and much
sought delicacy. Statistics of the
catch in that region, therefore, will
give a pretty good idea of the rapid
decline in the industry. In 1901, for
instance, the catch of terrapin in
Maryland's part of the bay was only
one-sixtieth of the quantity and one
twentieth of the value of the catch OF
1891. In that portion of the bay be
longing to Virginia the catch in 1901
was one-tenth the quantity and one
thirtieth the value of that in 1891.
This decrease has in part been
made good by the importation of ter
rapin from the South Atlantic and
Gulf States, and has, therefore, not
had the effect on prices that might
otherwise have been expected.
Though the more Southern terrapin
is inferior to the Chesapeake Bay
variety it becomes a fair substitute
on being kept awhile in pounds before
being shipped to market.
The Commission is now making a
study of the diamond back terrapin
of the Chesapeake Bay region with a
view TO ascertaining the extent and
causes of the decrease, the laws reg.
ulating terrapin fishing and the like,
Incidental to this investigation into
the extent and causes of the decrease
of the terrapin special attention is
directed TO those points in the natural
history of the species which bear on
the question of artificial rearing, and
series of experiments has been in
augurated directed to this phase of
the subject.
The most notable of these are ex-
perimental pounds on the Choptank
River, Maryland laboratory and in
vestigations at Beaufort, N. G. At
the latter place the terrWlin are kept
under the constant observation of
scientists employed in the laboratory,
and a careful study of their growth,
breeding habits and the like is made.
Also here in Washington the Commits
sion has men making a systematic
study of terrapin brought together
from Delaware, Maryland, Virginia,
North Carolina, Florida, Mississippi,
Louisiana and Texas. in order to de-
termine the specific or varietal differ
ences. All these Investigations and
experiments were commenced in 1902,
but the final report on them will not
be made up until the end of the pres
ent season, by which time it is hoped
practicable method of cultivation
may have been developed.
Inquiries and experiments of much
the same nature are being made with
reference to the oyster, the lSbster
and the blue crab. Experiments in
the Matching and rearing of Holsters
Mass, station, and final and com.
plete report on them will soon be
made by those in charge. Also the
Commission is having a handbook
prepared giving information regarding
the habits, growth and rearing OF
Holsters, as we'll as the method and
extent of the lobster fisheries. Touch
ing these the reports says:
The condition of the lobster fish
cry has been practically unchanged
for several years, although it cannot
be doubted that the tendency is
downward The catch fiuctuated some
what from year to year and certain To-
calities may show decided increase;
but if the general output in a State
is greater in one year than another
the cause may usually be found in
the fact that the fishery was prose
cuted for longer time or that more
men and more apparatus were en-
ployed"
1t seems very improbable that
there will be any general improve
ment in the fishery until new methods
of conducting it are adopted and shall
have continued for a number of years.
Uniform protective laws are greatly
needed, and without them the work
of the Commission in lobster cultiva-
ton will have but little effect at this
stage of the decline.
From data collected by the Com
mission it appears that there are at
this time about 213,000 men engaged
in the fishing industry in this coun-
try. of whom $4,000 are fishermen.
The aggregate capital invested is
$76,S50,000, of which about one-gaird
represents vessels and boats of all
ing. Squarely in the midle of the
sorts and apparatus of capture. The
value of the catch at first hands is
estimated at 1882 900, of which the
ocean and coast fisheries represent
$44,964,000.
The ocean fisheries of New Eng
land, which have always beer the
most important Of their class, have
been in a satisfactory condition. At
the two great ports of Gloucester and
Boston the quantity of fish landed by
American fishing vessels in 1902 was
about 16S,O00,0O0 pounds, valued at
$4,3S0,000, an increase Of 100000
pounds and $4,000. as compared
with 1901.
The mackerel catch has never since
reached the proportions attained in
the years preceding 1887 although the
report shows it TO be now greatly in
excess of the product during the first
half of the. present period of unprec-
edented scarcity. Commissioner Bow
ers says the tendency Of lare has been
upward, and it Is believed that in a
comparatively few years the mackerel
win have again become abundant on
our shores.
OF the culture of cod in the Atlantic
coast the report says the Commits
sion's expectations have been more
than realized. Practical results of
an unmistakable character were first
manifested in 1889, since which time
a very lucrative shore cod fishery has
been kept up on grounds that were