Mrs. Grundy. (Tracy City, Tenn.) 1903-1930, 1904-02-11
RUSSIA AND JAPAN
Some Questions and Their Answers Concerning the Two Ma
tons About to Go to War, Their Countries and Their
People = What Each Is Contending For
From the Star
About Japan.
From the Kansas City Star.

FROM what is the name Japan"
derived?
From the Chinese I-ih-pen, meaning
sun source" which was given to the
country because 1t lay toward the sun.
rise from China. Japan is often called
the Sunrise Kingdom" Its native
name is Nihon, corruption of the
Chinese word.
What is Japan and where is it?
Japan proper consists of four large
islands. three of them lying end to
end, off the coast of Korea and Siberia,
north Of China. Because of its rela-
lions to Asia it has been called the
England of the Orient.
How large is the Japanese empire?
1t comprises altogether only 161 900
square miles and is little larger than
California, although its population is
almost half as large as that of the
United States.
How far is Japan from America?
Between 1000 and 5000 miles; about
fourteen days by steamer.
How far north does it lie as com.
pared with the United States?
1t lies between the same parallels of
latitude as the Mississippi valley
States and its climate varies from that
of Minnesota to that of Louisiana, al.
though the extremes Of heat and cold
are not so great. The southernmost
Japanese possessions are tropical,
while the main island shows the COM
mon aspects of the temperate zone.
Is the country mountainous or level?
Mountainous. The level ground is
only about IL per cent of the area. A
range Of high mountains runs through
the main island.
Who are the Japanese?
They are mixed race Of Mongoloid
type, closely related to the Koreans
and Chinese.
What are their physical character
istics?
They are of short stature, the men
averaging about five feet in height
The average weight OF large num-
Der of young men of Toxic was found
to be only 121 pounds.
What are the japanese traits?
The people are intelligent and quick
to learn. They are exceeding cour-
teous and are great lovers of nature
They combine stoical qualities with a
keen ability to enjoy life. Their Sc
renity generosity and unselishness
are strongly marked. Money seeking
is not a prominent characteristic.
Are the Japanese justly regarded as
an artistic people?
Yes. Aesthetic ideals are widely
diffused. The Japanese mechanic Is
an artisan Painting has been highly
developed. 1t is more conventional
than Western art, but has many ad-
mirable features even from the West
ern view point. Sculpture and cary
ing have been carried to a high pitch
of excellence. The japanese have
made an especial study, too, of land
scape gardening and the arrangement
of flowers.
Are the Japanese fond of flowers?
There are many floral festivals in
the year oef0Her 9, FOR instance, is
chrysanthemum day Other holidays
are devoted to cherry and plum bios
SONS, to the wistaria, the lotus and
the morning glory. On these days the
country is vast flower garden.
What is the government?
A constitutional monarchy. Up to
1889 it was an autocracy. In that year
a constitution was promulgated. The
mikado can declare war, make peace
and negotiate treaties. He makes laws
with the consent of the diet, consist
ing of house of peers and house
of representatives. The suffrage is
limited to taxpayers. There is COM
plete system of local self-government.
What is the national religion?
There is no state religion, but most
of the people are Buddhists or follow
ers of Shinto. The last is rather a
system of life than a religion. Its
chief iniunctions are: Follow your
natural impulses and obey the laws
1t teaches prayers to deified ancestors
and to personified powers of nature
There are about 100000 nominal
Christians in the empire.
What is the condition OF education?
It is compulsory About 100000
pupils are in the common schools, A.
600 in technical schools and $500 in
the universities.
What is Japan's chief industry?
Farming, done on a small scale.
farm of twelve acres is considered
large The average size Is two acres
What are the chief products?
Rice, barley, wheat. maize, beans,
potatoes and onions Plum trees, peach
trees and cherry trees are cultivated,
but for their flowers rather than their
fruit. Tea tobacco and silk worms
are important products.
Is the country wealthy?
No. 1t is very poor Wages aver,
age from 16 cents day for coolies and
weavers. to Sc cents for stonemasoh3
Out of every 1000 inhabitants, 1t is
estimated that only seven make $l,4oo
a wear. Only thirteen men In the
country are supposed to have an an
nual income above $4,000.
What do the Japanese regard as
their mission?
For one thing the awakening OF
China. They believe they can be the
leaders in Oriental civilization and
that China will respond to their lead
ership, although it would not compree-
bend a purely Western form OF cul-
ture. Another aim, expressed by the
president of the Bank of Japan, IS
to make the island empire the grand
mark of the nations" Japan is to be
q nation of artists, making itself IN
lnitely beautiful and infinitely charm
ing"