The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1904-07-09
STONE BRIDGE OVER BULL RUN.

soldiers Is that the problem to be
solved by the troops will follow very
the movements of Gems. Lee and Pope
DO years ago, with the exceptions that
are made necessary by the change in
arms and battle formations. The ma
newer ground will cover an area of
some 80 square miles, and the maneu-
vers will be the largest ever held in
this country.
There has been little change in the
physical aspect Of the old battle-ground
which is now being surveyed and the
chief points marked out for the coming
conflict.
A modest monument, close by the
Henry House, marking the spot whore
the bloody conflict between the confed-
crate and federal forces took place Is
the sole innovation on the field Of con
hict since the days of 81
A sparsely settled community Is en-
braced in the territory covered by the
battle-ground, which Is a succession of
beautiful valleys, intersected by small
streams of water, irrigating farm land.
Many crossroads are encountered over
the old battlefield, which lead TO hills
running up the sides Of the Blue Ridge
mountains.
Bull Run gets its name from a small
river in eastern Virginia, which joins
the Occoquan, a tributary Of the Poto-
mac river, Is miles southwest of Wash
ington, d. c.
Near it occurred two important bat
ties in the American civil war. The
confederates, under the immediate
command of Beauregard, about $1,000
in number, defeated the federals, under
Mcdowell, about $4,000 strong, July q,
1861. The loss Of the federals was
nearly 5000; Of ~confederates, 1852.
This battle Of Bull Run was called by
the confederates the first battle Of Ma
nassas.
The confederates under Gen. Lee,
about 10000 all told, defeated about
$4,000 federals under Pope, August 20,
1862. The loss of the federals was
about IL, 900 men; Of confederates,
$500 soldiers. This vas called by the
c~onfederates the second battle of Ma
nassas. The battle Of August 20 is
sometimes called the battle of Grave
ton.
During the first battle Of Bull Run
Gen. Barton Bee, OF the confederate
forces, selected a position on a large
hill south Of the turnpike, known as
the Henry House hill, This house re-
csived its name from Its original own
ers. and to-day still stands as a monu-
ment of two great conflicts.
This hill, on which the old Henry
house stands, lies south Of the War
turnpike. On the east it slopes
down to an affiuent of Bull Run and
not far from 1t, known as Young's
branch, and IN the west IL liz bounded
by the road which runs south from
Springs to Manassa.
In the western corner of this field,
a third Of a mile from the turnpike, but
very close to the Sudley road, stood the
Henry house. The confederate officers
.endeayored to establish a connected
line, in a general way, but this was a
difficult matter TO effect.
1t was during this battle Of Bull Run
Jackson received the eplthet
tStonewall." Probably no chance word
was ever uttered on a field of battle
which became more famous than when
Gen. Bee, referring to Gen. Jackson,
used the expression standing like a
Btonewall." The epithet ~"Stonewall"
to Jackson's brigade throughout
he war, and 1t certainly Ia the name
BY which it's first commander will al.
ways be known as one OF the most
brilliant and formidable or American
soldiers.
The Battle Of Bull Run has been
as n Of the decisive battles
II the late civil war. AS the pitched
1~attles-the first trial Of strength be-
the north ard south--lts iDcep-