davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-04-16
Red Glover with oats.

The man who is so situated that he
can use purchased protein feeding
stuffs probably is able to enrich his
land In the cheapest way possible.
When he is buying bran, middlings,
ETC., he is getting the elements we pur-
chase in commercial fertilizer-nitro-
gen. phosphoric acid and potash. Sta
BILE manure is variable quantity, SO
far as actual value is concerned. Tho
character Of the food largely deter
mines the character Of the manure.
When concentrated foods are used, the
manure is rich. The protein foods
that are rich in mineral matter-as
bran, for example bring to the farm
relatively large quantities of such fer
tility as good commercial fertilizer
contains. II these foods can be used
with profit in feeding, the fertilizer IN
gotten without cost. The direct ma
nurial value Of some protein feeds il
as great as their selling price, or rather
would be If they were available in the
ground and needed in the proportion
found and capable of even distribution
like commercial fertilizers. While these
conditions are not met, and one-fourth
of the fertility may be taken out by
the stock, we can see how rapidly .
farm may be built up in this way II the
manure is carefully saved and evenly
spread upon the ground. The man
who buys feed for stock is buying fer
tility.-Farm and Fireside.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-04-16

because of men and delay IN starting
across the sea ice, due to the fact that
his headquarters were too far south of
the Polar ocean. Nansen had previ-
ously reached Sc degrees and IA min
utes north latitude, and Duke of Abruzzi
86 degrees, "a minutes. so that there are
two explorers who have penetrated far
Their north thanPeary. The latter spent
the winter Of 19O1-O2 at Payer Harbor,
near Cape Sabine. On March 3, 1902, an
advance party of six sledges, under the
command of Mr.. Peary's colored serv-
ant, Matt Henson, started to transport
provisions to Fort Conger, and on the
sixth Is more sledges left Cape Sabine.
From Fort Conger it was necessary to
carry supplies to the edge of the ocean
at Cape Hecla, and thus diMcult pre-
liminary journey of more than 400 miles
had to be accomplished before the ex-
petition could leave the land-a jour
ney that would have been unnecessary
had the expedition carried party
strong enough TO establish headquar-
tiers at the limit Of solid land.
On April 1, with Henson, four Es-
quimos and six sledges, the leader set
forth over the rough, ice Of the Polar sea.
After Is days, confronted by small foes,
Of which the edges were crumpled into
mounds sometimes so feet high by the
pressure of the pack, he was forced to
abandon further advance. He reached
Cape Hecla on April "a and continued
to Cape Sabine, where he arrived on
April 20. The auxiliary steamer Wind
ward, bearing Mrs. Peary and her daugh-
ter, Marie Anneghito. who was born in
the frozen north during the expedition
of 1893, reached Payer Harbor on Au-
gust S, took of the explorer and his
party and made towards home.
The plans to reach the pole in the fu-
ture, as announced by Mr.. Peary, are an
evolution Of schemes put forward at diff
ferent times by various explorers, name
ly: A headquarters on the furthest at
tainable land, supported by line Of
caches down to the limit of regular nav
igation; large supporting party to re-
plenish the supplies of the caches and
of the headquarters; and dash with
a light party over the ice foes. The new
features of Mr.. Peary's plan are light
pioneer party to go in advance of the
main party, for the purpose of mapping
out route, and the use Of Esquimaux
in the preliminary work. In fact, the
expedition has in mind the redistribution
of the entire tribe of Whale sound Es-
ny1inouY in a series If settlements Of.
tending from Cape Sabine in the south
to Cape Hecla, the proposed point Of
departure of the clash for the POLE"
With plans carefully laid, and Com
mander Peary's long experience in arc
tic exploration to overcome the dim
culties, there is reason to hope and ex-
pect that he will reach the goal of his
ambition, if it is possible for man to
reach the pole at all.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-04-16
FARMER AND PLANTER.
SUGAR CROP OUTLOOK.
The Conditions Have Been ProDi-
lions For the Cane Sugar Crop
In Louisiana.

The weather has remained propi-
dors for the planting Of the balance
of the seed cane for the sugar crop OF
1904, and the work Is now practically
completed. All the seed cane was
found to be in excellent condition,
hence. there is ground for congratu-
lation that the crop has made most
promising start.
Owing to the uncommon1y favorable
weather during the winter, planters
have been able to properly prepare the
land and to plant the entire crop. No
seed having been spoiled, full
acreage has been put in, and, as no
delays have been encountred, the
planting has been completed weeks
ahead OF the usual time. These facts
insure a good start for the growing
season.
While an carly start il not sum-
cient to make good acreage as well
- a heavy tonnage, it Is certainly the
essential element to full acreage,
and in most cases to Z full tonnage per
acre. OF course, poor growing sea
son may cut down the final results
as far as sugar yield is concerned.
out the very fact that the winter has
been comparatively dry should bring
: reasonable abundance Of moisture
later on. when it is most needed.
The crop during the past two years
has been injured by drought during
The growing period. and last year this
defect was felt all the more, because
the crop had made a very late start,
and, therefore, backward before
the drought period was reached. An
equitable distribution of moisture and
sunshine is needed during the entire
growing season. Should the crop just
planted experience such conditions,
there will be every chance of q big
sugar yield next fall.
Commenting upon the present sit
uation in the sugar district, the Louis
lana Planter says:
Favorable weather conditions are
still prevalent throughout the sugar
district, and the work of planting cane
has now been practically finished and
all the seed has been found to be In
excellent condition. We now have
before us the cultivating season, and
It Ia anywhere near as favorable in its
weather aspect as the planting period
has been, the cane crop of 1904 should
prove q record-breaker, SO far as the
yield per acre Is concerned.
There has been comparatively lit
Il rain during the past few months,
and, If the law Of averages is to be,
worked out in our weather, this would
indicate that we have good prospects
of escaping the unfortunate drought,
which so often visits us in the late
spring and early summer, when the
canes are so much in need Of copious
supplies of moisture."-New Orleans
Picayune.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-04-16
silas. For Fattenins steers.

Prof. Soule, Of the Tennessee sta
ton, says: We had 16 grades Short
horn steers on feed; in $50 days we
made a gain of ], 442 pounds, or daily
average of 2.40 pounds per steer. This
Is good gain for average feeding.
Any man can make good gains with
silage II fed properly. In addition to
silage we fed some cotton-seed meal
as a means of finishing. There ia no
question of the feeding quality Of corn
at the finish, but do not believe that
1t would be or is advisable to feed It
throughout the whole period. We have
found corn silage to be cooling as Q
roughage. We grind our corn and
cobs into a fine meal, and this works
we'll with silage as feed. We feed
cotton-seed meal, but the hogs do not
follow the cattle. We fed as high as
10 pounds of cotton-seed meal to these
steers on silage without any evil eff
fects on the steers, but do not believe
this would be possible with any other
roughage but silage."
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-04-16

The third trip. or rather trips, for
1896 and 1897 saw Commander Peary
making summer trips to Meteorite
island, was devoted to the securing OF
the meteorites previously discovered.
One meteorite called the Woman"
and weighing $500 pounds, and an
other the Dog" somewhat smaller.
were successfully placed on board the
Kite and brought back home. Peary,
in the following year QS97), returned
and, after tremendous and marvellous
skill, succeeded in bringing down to the
shore and placing upon the Hope the
cotton meteorite called the "Tent," be-
cause of it's peculiar shape.
Peary returned from his fourth ex-
petition to Greenland and his attempt
TO reach the pole in 1902, and still be-
lieves in the Smith sound route. There
are two routes, the Franz Josef Land
route and the Behring strait route, and
although in 1902 there were various
polar expeditions from the different
routes, the vexed question as to the best
route was not settled. Mr.. Evelyn b.
Baldwin, whose deliberately equipped
and expensive expedition set out to gain
the pole by way of Franz Josef Land,
failed, 1t is said, because of bad ma
terial in the party and owing to in
sufficient equipment. The trouble
growing out of the abortive attempt,
and the dissatisfaction of Mr. Zeigler,
who furnished the funds for the expedi-
ton, are still fresh in the public mind
The only explorer who returned in
1902 with valuable discoveries was Capt
Otto Sverdrup, who was commander
of the Fran during Nansen's drift across
the Arctic ocean in 1893-95, and who had
set forth in the same vessel in 1898 to
make explorations in Greenland waters.
Peary, as we have said, still believes in
the Smith sound route, and will try for
the pole again from that direction. In
his dash for the pole" in 1902 he found
himself, unable to proceed beyond lati-
tude "a degrees and II minutes. mainly
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-04-16
EARLY PLANTING BEST.
Crops Until the Season Has
Too Far Advanced.

Last year demonstrated the impor.
lance Of early planting and the folly
of putting of planting until out Of sea-
son, the soft, understandable corn.
short oats crops. low-grade tobacco, all
are evidences Oats were sown in May,
when the regular season is late March
or early Auril; corn was planted in
June, that should have been planted In
the period from April 10 to May 20;
tobacco equally late. It il true that
last spring was an exceedingly unfa-
vorable season for spring work, but
did we make the best of the conditions?
Did we begin as soon as we should
after the rains ceased? Didn't we give
up because it was too dry, as we
thought? Didn't tho neighbor who
took advantage of every moment dur
ing the planting season, blowing the
driest land when 1t would do, without
waiting till the whole. field was dry
enough, and working up the clods and
planting when it seemed too dry, sue
ceeded in getting through in season.
and 80 raise fine crop! have in
mind two renters on the same farm:
one, with Is acres to tend in corn, put
in every moment that would do, and
raised bumper crop high-grade corn.
The other one, with 80 acres. found it
too wet to pillow. and before he got
to work it was too dry; so he planted.
at last, rs days later than he ought,
raising poor yield of soft, unmar-
ketable stuff, too sappy to keep, or to
sell at more than Is cents per bar
rel, when matured corn was $3.50 per
barrel. In this state I have had bet
ter success with oats sown from the
LIST to goth Of March. having to re-
SOW only once in ten years on account
of freezing out; with corn planted from
the middle Of April to the middle Of
May, or even earlier, with the late
heavy yielding sorts, If the ground is
warm. Having corn frosted down
when six inches high, without having
to replant, and fine yield, too.-Cor.
Epitomist.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-04-16
MAKING PRECIOUS STONES

Rudolph Oblatt, chemist and ex-
pert on precious stones, is reported TO
have invented process for the fusing
of particles of ruby, known as ruby
waste, into stones of q commercial
size. The stones which he has pro-
duced have received considerable at
tention from local biologists and are
pronounced genuine. He selects. says
the New York Commercial, from the
small. rough, genuine ruby particles
whose colors and qualities are prac-
tically the same. One chip he places
upon tbs top Of U-shaped platinum
tube. He then applies the heat, which
is concentrated by special process
and forced upon the ruby with an air
pressure of 800 pounds. AS the chip Is
melted he adds other chips until he
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-04-16

scribing his first journeys into the po-
lar regions when he says: 1.-THE con-
slant incentive in my work has been
an ineradicable feeling that l saw
something before me worthy and posi-
BILE of accomplishment, and that could
never have content until it was done,
Or that had satisfied myself that was
not the one to do it." And the prepara-
lions which Peary is making for fifth
try for the pole is proof that he still be-
lieves that the pole can be reached and
that there Is no good reason that he
should not be the one to win the prize.
In fact, every successive expedition
which the commander has made has
strengthened his convictions that the
pole can be reached, and that conditions
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-04-16

has built up q genuine ruby whose
weight varies from five to ten carats.
The operation requires from one to two
hours.
After the ruby has been produced a
difficult task remains-that Of cooling
Of the stone, which is at a tremendous
heat. This is accomplished by sci-
entiflc process which prevents cracking
The ruby is sent to the precious-stone
cutters, where 1t passes exactly
through the same process as a stone
from the Burmah mines.
Trial BY Fire.
Chu.ch-You can't tell what's In q
man Until he's tried by fire.
Gotham-The same thing can be said
Of . cigar.-Yonkers Statesman.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-04-16
IS AFTER THE POLE
PEARY TO MAKE HIS FIFTH Elk
petition TO THE NORTH.
PREPARING VERY CAREFULLY
Confident That He Will Succeed This
Time-Something About His
Former Expeditions to
the Land of Ice.

!: I q: j: = ]; ]:
- COMMANDER ROBERT e.
A@1 PEARY, of the United States
M navy, who already has made
W. four attempts to reach the
AK n north pole and plant the
sS/ Stars and Stripes upon the
spot which scientists tell us
is cut by the axis of the earth's rotation,
is making careful preparations for
fifth expedition into the frozen north,
and this time the intrepid and persistent
explorer expects to win the prize which
has tempted SO many to risk life and en-
dure every hardship and peril to gain.
Commander Peary proposes to sail
next July, fix his permanent base at
Cape Sabine, push on to winter quar-
ters on the northern coast of Grant land
at Cape Hecla, and make 1.-THE dash for
the pole" in February of next year, a
month earlier than upon previous expe-
ditions. 1t is said that the German ant
arctic exploring steamer, the Gauss,
whose machinery and structure have
proved excellently adapted to polar
ice, may be purchased for Peary's expe-
dition.
The secret of Commander Peary's in
domitable purpose to reach the pole is
revealed in the preface to his book de-
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-04-16
HERE AND THERE.

The vermin, which are so trouble
some among chickens can do little ON
ducks and geese, because of the heavy
down; they are also subject to few
diseases, and easy to raise.
The most economic way to begin
with pure bred poultry is to buy eggs.
Set them under good hen. You may
raise some as good as the breeder
from whom you obtained them. and
which could not be purchased except
at large price.
With all our wisdom and skill In
breeding, no one has yet produced q
cow that will make as much milk
from discomfort as she will from COM
fort. An animal of extreme hardness
may be produced; but good, paying
cows are not built on those lines.
Some farmers spend enough time In
looking for tray stock to more
than keep their fences in good repair.
It Is not pleasant work looking for
strays. especially when they are found
In some other mans lot, neither is It
conducive to neighborly friendship.
It is often recommended that male
fowls be separated from the flock as
soon as the laying season is over. We
are not in sympathy with this, as it
is not natures method. The males
are the hens natural defenders and
associates. and they are lonesome
without him.
There is often "runt'' pig among
the others, and, il fed with the others.
he does not get his share. He should
be put in a pen by himself, or the
trough should be SO arranged that
each one will have an equal chance.
Stats nailed across the trough helps
some.
It is not always the largest hog that
pays, but the hog that will put on the
largest gain in the least time with the
least outlay of fed. A pig that drops
in April should make a good-sized hog
by the close of the year. In order to
do tails, it will be necessary to have
him cell bred. and then he should b
well I'D
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-04-16

being favorable, he is the one who can
reach it.
In 1886 Peary made summer voyage
and reconnaissance of the Greenland in
land ice, and it was preliminary to the
splendid arctic work which Mr.. Peary
was to do later The first expedition was
made in 1892, and consumed 10
months, spent in northern Greenland.
A 1,20O-sledge journey was made across
the ice cap of Greenland and the crown
ing success of the expedition was the
determination of the insularity of
Greeland.
One year later, in 1893, Commander
Peary again penetrated to north Green
land, and made a 25-months' stay there.
He again covered 1900 miles by dog
sledges, crossed the ice cap again, COM
pleted the study of the Whale sound ma
tives and made a detail survey OF that
region. In addition to this, the explorer
made the discovery Of the great Cape
York meteorites.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-04-16

The farmer who has confined his ef-
forts to two or three staple crops does
not know how his farm would respond
to some one or more special crops.
This is day of specialities and
many men can make success grow
ing some special crop, who are not
now making good living growing
some q The staple cropA
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-04-16
COTTON BELT SITUATION.
The Principal Dangers Are Boil
Weevil, Decentralization and
NEGLECT of Home Supplies.

Cotton growers were never before
on a better financial footing or more
hopeful to the future than now, with
the possible exception Of ante-bellum
days. Among their enemies, however.
are the boil weevil, danger Of over
production and the neglect to raise
necessary home supplies. These must
be combatted while prosperity lasts.
Improve, the home by q judfcious ex-
penditure Of surplus cash. raise meat.
vegetables, ETC., for home consumption,
and plant no more cotton than can be
prepared for and fertilized properly.
The planter must move faster than the
boil weevil by adopting cultural meth
DDS.
There are many evils that may
befall the cotton planter. A general
European war, which the conflict be-
tween Russia and Japan may bring
on, would injure the cotton market,
and the price Of the staple would
fall, while foodstuffs would increase
In value. This would injure the money
crop Of the southern farmer and in
crease the price of necessary home
supplies Overproduction hurts any
business, and to no other crop is 1t
more fatal or less excusable than to
cotton. "Wise acres" told us few
years ago that we would never again
see ten-cent cotton, while knowing
one" now talks as if cotton will al
ways fluctuate in the double figure
column. The conclusion Of the one Is
as faulty as was the opinion of the
other. But the price Of cotton can
be kept up to a paying figure by In
telligent Investigation. II not in past
years by reason Of their financial con-
dition, the cotton raisers are now in
q position to adopt this system.
Cotton is selling for four or five cents
more than in December. 1902. This
is partly owing to decreasing supply
and increasing demand. but not wholly
SO. Speculation has had something to
do with this advance. A full, or even
an average crop, on an excessive acre
age, such as is likely to be put in this
year, may not only lose to the farmer
the present prices, but coupled with
speculation, which it is sure to be,
may send prices as far below the cost
of production as they are now above it.
Speculation is on the farmers side now,
because the supply is short. Keep it
there by raising home necessities
all the cotton you can.
The farmer should make his home
attractive, and prevent his children
from seeking a livelihood In the city.
To do this, "one-sided" farming must
be abandoned. Change the system Of
education which teacher that 1t is de-
grading or beneath the dignity Of an
educated person to labor ON the farm.
Acquaint the rising generation with the
fact that agriculture, rightly conducted,
calls for q higher order of intellect
than any other profession, Is surest in
its returns to all the essentials Of hap
pines. Agriculture is the backbone Of
the nation; the life Of the world; the
noblest Of all pursuits, and therefore
the most useful and honorable.-Cor.
Farm and Ranch.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-04-16

dE salvation Of the
sinner Is a marvel
GUS and mighty
work of God
through hrist
Jesus, but the con-
dition and theprivi-
leges Of the re-
deemed sinner in
Christ Jesus are
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-04-16
copyright, 1904, by ]. N. Edsou.)
CHICAGO sunaa. -.

~. .nicago. Sunday, March Is. 1904
az ae =. things are your. 80 ~, =.
S.s1 ,nrists; and Christ is God's."-I Cor
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-04-16

fourth chapter OF Galatians he makes
the point very plain. He declares:
when the fullness of the time came.
God sent forth His Son, born of wom-
an, born under the law, that He might
redeem them that were under the law,
that we might receive the adoption of
sons" And this work of redemption
which God has accomplished through
His Son has made those who believe
upon the Son sons of God by adoption,
land because We are sons, God sent
forth the Spirit of His Son into our
heasts, crying Abba Father SO that
thou art no longer bondservant, but
a sou; and if son, then an heir
through God" "Heirs of God, and
joint heirs with Christ So much for
the validity Of the claim OF the Chris
tan 60 a share in the 'all things"
which are found in God.
THE heir having proved his right to
/ the estate, the next step is to be-
come actually possessed of it. It is
easy for the Christian to claim that
"all things" are his, but it is quite an
other thing to have it so In very truth.
Certain conditions must be met by the
Christian before he can claim that al!
things belong to him. One is surren-
der and the other faith. He must be-