davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-18

MONEY MARKET.-Money on call opened at Ia
per cent; highest. IL per cent; lowest per cent:
last loan. IA per closed IlsG1i per cent: rul-
ing rate. Il. per Time money was quoted at
@sg2s4 per cent for sixty days 10 four months.
and 3d3iz per cent FOR five and six months Com
mercial paper quoted 3sq4 per cent for sixty
TO ninety days. 4a4h per cent for four TO six
months. and per cent for others.
FOREIGN EXCHANGE-Market closed duh.
Actual closing rates follow:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-18
AMERICAN SECURITIES ABROAD.
London NeW-York New-York

London. June Il p m.-The market for Ameri-
can securities was irregular at small final changes
Last prices follow:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-18
CHICAGO STOCKS.

FURNISHED by Charles G. Gates q Co.. Nos IA. Is and
IS Wali-st)
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-18
LAcKAWANNA's CABLE TRAIN.

on a request b. make July holiday for ina
institution
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-18
tations We're:
STOCKS.

Closing prices yesterday Of the principal active
securities and net changes from Thursdays quo
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-18
BANK STOCKS.

reported by Clinton Gilbert No. wan-,t,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-18
I BIs. p 1ly. BID. lA.xa.

GUARANTEED STOCKS.
FURNISHED by Joseph Walker sons No 20 Broad-stJ
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-18
THE DAYS OPERATIONS IN BONDS.

GOVERNMENT BoNDs.-Market steady. F.na
quotations follow:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-18

stocks. open High Low CLOSE BID. ASKED
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-18
ACTIVE STOCKS

2T.ss3 Total. .odd lots.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-18
BONDS.
STOCKS.

Furnished by Frederic H. Hatch. No. 20 sro.a-.,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-06-18
MONEY AND EXCHANGE.

Total sales OF bonds. sl.742. COO.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
Reflections of a Spinster.

Baltimore American.
 When man buys beautiful white suit and goes to the seashore with the intention of giving people the idea that he Is a duke incognito and finds his employers family is stopping at the same place. he thinks the world is dis gustingly small.
 The man who acts as If the world and the fullness thereof belonged to him should remember. when tempted to boss his wife. that when he was courting her. h" called her an angel, and she. therefore, can't be included in things mundane.
 A man who speaks sarcasticaIly of other peoples summer f1irtations never doubts that he has left lasting impress sions upon the hearts of the girls whom he honored with his attentions during his vacations.
 The people who sheer at a girls keeping the photograph of a married actor on her desk should remember that she isn't as silly as if she fell in love with a fellow in her own set and married him.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22

NEW ORLEANS July 21.-Clearrd. Strs. Beverly, Br, Rose. Puerto Cortez; Bratten. Nor. Holm Liverpool; Floridan, Br.. Bruce. Liverpool; Nymphaea. Br, Sutherland. Bor- deaux via Newport News; Bradford. Ger, Bruhn, Port Limon.
 PORT EADS-Arrived: Strs Nor. Nor. Olsen, Mexican ports; Vile de Rouen. Fr., Leger Port Tampa; Fl Cid, Baker New York Sailed: Strs. Cervantcs Bolg. Dixon, Baltimore; Cayo~ Blauco. Br, Rad der. London via Norfolk, Nosheim Nor. Boe, Mexican ports; Olympia. Br Gat. Bo- cas del Toro; Beverly. 3r., Rose Puerto Cortez; Venus, Nor, Tysland Port Iimon.
 MOBILE.-Arrived: Strs. Truna Nor. Mogansen, Havana. Cleared: Str Eepana. Nor, Danielsen. Puerto Cortez; schr Emma Knowlton. Hudson. Campeche.
 NORFOLK.-Sailed: Strs. Oldham, Br. Stewart, TampicO; Vrneira. Br., Howard, Daiquini.
 NEWPORT NEWS.-Arrived: Str Rappa- hammock. Br., Buckingh ham, GAxerpooI.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
CHICAGO GRAIN AND PROVISIONS.

CHICAGO July 21-Renewed apprehen- sion as to possible Anglo Russian complica- Rains in American harvest districts were also a leading influence. September wheat closed 1&c higher; corn up sc: oats Ac higher and provisions up l0m12Hc.
 September wheat opened unchanged to h1kc higher at s7Gs7A to 87A. A re- sumption of unsettled weather in the West and Southwest largely responsible for the firmness at the start. A further delay in the marketing of new wheat was a good reason for fresh purchases by those who had sold out yesterday in anticipation of immediate heavy receipts Some of the buying. however. was actuated by another motive. A revival of fears regarding diff ficulties between Russia and Great Britain had considerable to do in bringing out the active demand. Another factor was the estimate of a French journal on the total visible wheat crop of France, showing a reduction in yield of from 25 to 30 per cent. Offerings were light. The strength in July was reflected in the more distant deliveries and September advanced to SsA. after July had gone up Sc Late much of the advance closed at Ss% @SS7s. July ranged between 93hI97 and closed at 95% Clearances equaled S1.o00 bushels. Primary receipts were 544O0O against 5o1 oO0 A year ago Minneapolis. Duluth and Chicago reported 225 cars. against 176 last week and 213 a year ago
 Strength in wheat was largely responsi- ble for firmness in corn. Trading was small with commission houses on the buy ing side. The market closed near the high est. September opened a shade lower to a shade higher at 49b 649k, sold between 49B and 49& d497s and closed at the top. Receipts, 167 cars 10 contract
 Sentiment in oats was bullish. Several large commission houses were active buy CTS and the selling was scattered Septem- Der opened Ac lower at 32A, sold at 33M and closed there. Receipts 95 cars
 The impression that packers were sup porting provisions turned a rather weak market hn the start was due to the settlement of the strike and to large hog receipts with low CT prices Septebmer pork closed up 12ibc at F S2h lard and ribs were each up 10c at .05 and ' .55
 Estimated receipts tomorrow: Wheat, 30 cars; corn. 209; oats 5e; hogs. 19, 900 head ARTICI
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
NEW ORLEANS COTTON.

NEW ORLEANS. July 21.-spot cotton Gull and unchanged Sales, $50, including 100 to arrive; delivered on contracts 100 Quotations unchanged.
 Futures opened quiet and prices were @ ID points lower than yesterdays close Liv- erpool was not favorable to an advance in the local market, but the English market was soon flooded with buying orders from tone. and prices here rose rapidly in tho new crop positions. At the middle of the session the shorts were in the midst of a scare and running for cover and the market showed more activity than 1t has for some weeks. At the highest level large lots of october and December were offered The buying power was sufficient to absorb of ferfngs until longs commenced to take profits; this caused the market to ease off In the trading August sold off 5. points to 10 4S. advanced to 10 61 and finally eased off to 10 52. October opened at 9.51, sold up to g. II and finally declined to 9 6l The market closed steady Net changes were, July lost points, August l. while the new crop positions gained sos points.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
KANSAS CITY LIVE STOCK.

KANSAS CITY, July 21-Cattle-Re- ceipts. 2,5OO. including 900 Southerns Mar ket 1O@15c higher. Choice export and dressed beef steers. .5OG6. 25; fair to good. 4oOa4. 50; Western fed steers. { .0Od6 ( %; stockers and feeders. 9. 50G4. 50; Southern steers. 2.75d4. 75; Southern cows 75@ $50; native COWS, 1.75G4.25; native heif. CTS. ?. 2.5o@5.25; bulls, 2.25@3.75; calves, 2.5065.0O.
 Hogs-Receipts. $500. Market 1Oc low CT. Top. 5 37lz hulk of sales 5 2Oa5 32H; heavy, D. 800 37 la packers, 5.15a5 30: pigs and lights. 4.5OG5.3O.
 Sheep-Rece'pts. 5000 Steady Native lambs and Western lambs 4. 4.OOds O0: fed ewes. 3. 25 75; Texas clipped yearings $. 75@41 To; Texas clipped sheep. 3 % 04 %: : stockers and feeders. ? 2.5OG325.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
NEW YORK DRY GOODS.

NEW York, July o1.-The dry goods market is steadier and certain authorities predict advance us the result of the strike announcements at Fall River But the question of demand for the finished goods is being taken into account by those who do not believe that the market is like ly to advance Jobbers are doing a very moderate business
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
NAVAL STORES.

SAVANNAH, July 21.-Turpentine firm 53ls receipts LII: sales, 4ss: exports. s3O
 Rosin steady: receipts, 3,767; sales. L. 925; exports. 765. Quote: A. B. c. s5; D, 2.40; E. 2.45; F. 2.5o; G. 2.55: H, 2.70 I. 3.15; K, 3.47k NJ s.72h N. 3.321s; w G, 22k w w. 4.52H
 RLESToN.-Turpentine firm, 52%; sales.
 Rosin firm: no sales Quote: A. B. c 2.3O; D. 235; E. 2. 40; F. 245; c. 2.50; H, 2.65; I. 800; K, 3.32h: M. 57k: N, S.67h; W G, 4.07h; w Y. 437k
 WlLMl lNGTON-Turpentine firm. 52k bid; receipts. 103 casks.
 Rosin nothing doing; receipts, 472
 Tar firm. 80: receipts, 37.
 Crude turpentne firm, 2.25, 400 and .25; receipts 116.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22

Sea incident. The crop advices were quite bearish and the private reports- from all sections of the belt reflected the likelihood of big crop. However. in the face of these bearish factors, there was a support ing disposition among certain interests and at the close Liverpool strengthened and be- came rather firmer. New Orleans ruled frmer and the advices from that centre stated that shorts were covering. The local bears became frightened and bought in big blocks. with the result that the market took an upward spurt.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
CINCINNATI PROVISIONS.

CINCINNATI. July 21.-Flour steady Bulk meats quiet, I 50. Bacon firm, & 75. Whiskey steady, 1,2S. Sugar firm.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
NEW ORLEANS srcAR

NEW ORLEANS. July 2l.-Sugar strong; ; open kettle. 2%@3 3-16; open kettle cen. trifugal. 3@39s; centrifugal whites, A yellows 3 4l 44l2 seconds. 2% a35s
 Molasses nominal; open kettle, 20Q25: centrifugal. lOaI5.
 Syrup nominal 20025.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
VIRGIN FAUNcE's COTTON LETTER

NEW YORK. July 21-The cotton flu ture market today opened quiet and steady in tone with first prices at a decline of to points. This level represented a par tial response to rather disappointing cables from the foreign market There was also lot of Fall River strike news, and the Red
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
.If You want the Best, Get It At J.cos.,.
-If You Want the Best, Get .ese4 Here You Have a Fresh, Full Stock to Select From, Polite and Courte- 0us Attention and Quick De-
 livery are Our Watch Words.

Pluto Water, concentrated, Qts. .3Jc Pluto Water, plain, ats. ........... .25c Pluto Water, laxative, splits. .15c Welch's Grape Juice, pts. ......... soc Welch's Grape Juice, ats. ......... .5Oc JncObs' Wine of Cod Liver oil,
 combination of Wild Cherry and
 hypOphosphites, . cure cure for
 all bronchial diseases, pts .66c Liquoaone ..............4O 40 and soc Verual Palmettoua ..............S Soc
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
Total sales for the day. 742.sOO shares
RONDS-

United States retunding 2s. registered. 1o4%
 do coupon. .... .... .1O4A United States s. registered .... ...104%
 do coupon -lo9 f4 United States new As. registered .131h
 do coupon.... ....A .-.. .... ..l32h United States old 4s, registered .106 h
 do coupon -IOh tt Atchson general 4s .... .... ..102% Atchison adjustment As 9S
 Atlantic Coast Line As .... 9Sla Baltimore & Ohio As .... .... .... .l02% Baltimore & Ohio Izs .... .... .... s5h Central of Georgia 5s .... ..111
 Central of Georgia list Inc. zee. .s.. 70
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
ST. LOUIS PROVISIONS.

ST. LOUIS, July 21.-Flour unsettled Whiskey steady. 1924
 Pork higher; jobbing, 12 S2Ia. Lard higher; prime steam .33. Bacon steady and unchanged: boxed extra shorts. s. 25; clear ribs. s. .S7h; short clear, $50.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
NEW ORLEANS COTTON SEED OIL.

NEW ORLEANS. July 21-Cotton seed oils firm; prime refined. in barrels, 29 la ; off refined. in barrels, 2sl4; prime crude loose. 2312.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
H. R. BEERS COTTON LETTER.

iby Private Wire to Caldwell Ward & Col
 NEW ORLEANS. July 21.-Market ad- vancej about 20 points additional today not on account of crop accounts becoming un- iaVoraole but because shorts, who were on ,a tne anxious seat, were principal buyers all day, though local and New York longs bid prices up at times whenever buying orders appeared. Liverpools position early in the morning was not satisfactory. a shade easier than last night. but liberal buying on the part or Egyptian and exaggerated reports Of crop damage in Texas by weevils and weather closed the English market at about the highest of the day. near months being 2 to points up. new crop arrivals 6 higher than yesterday, and spots closed very steady at an advance of points to 6. 36 on sales 2, .,ooo bales, There was no change in Europe's political situation: if anything. de- Velopments were less favorable, English con- sols closing at a decline of A when com pared with the opening level and + when compared With the closing of yesterday
 Russia still being active in the Red Sea
 holding up neutral vessels and vexine inc English press. while her commerce destroy CTS are patrolling the Pacific At Fall River last night there was held a meeting of union mill operators who voted to strike next Monday. July 18th, rather than accept employers In the event of a shut down. some S0.000 employees will have beeen af- fected. but 1t Is probable that the operators VIII reconsider their contemplated action py offering to compromise and thereby pre- vent trouble. Weather conditions were ex- ceptionally favorable. temperatures being lower in Texas. and light scattered show CTS Tn all cotton growing States but if was little too dry in north and west Texas. where the crop is in need of refreshing rains Showers however, are predicted for all districts of the belt especially for west Iexas. Such features had no terrors for iongs. who acted in concert at New York Tor the purpose of causing involuntary lioui- dation on the part of shorts whom they iound to be uncomfortable for want of large stocks in the speculative markets At pest the advance was artificial one
 December advancing from g .47 at the open
 ing to s.6s. finally closing at 957. there neing little or no demand for spots which market closed steady and unchanged on sales Of 25O and 100 to arrive; miidlin1
 lic. According to statement of officials of inc M K X T. system, the crop along their iine In Texas is 20 per cent better than last year and they estimate the Texas cron at 25 per cent larger than one year ago
 placing probable outturn at 5000 900 bales minimum. 35OO.000 maximum. exclusive of Indian Territory. which made 41S453 bales last season.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
NEW YORK COFFEE AND src.u

NEW York, July 21-Coffee-Spot Rio steady
 Coffee futures opened steady and un- changed to points higher in sympathy with steady European markets and d par tial reaction following the declines of the previous day The Brazilian news was without special feature and the market ruled generally quiet and steady Later 1t eased off slightly under moderate liuuida- tion and was finally net unchanged. Sales, 25,500 bags.
 1ulN'''. ....5 6. 80 ''pttHlpeF' ...J.g go Gi 5. 95 l'eCeinper... ... 6. 20 Mdrcn .... 6. i5 fl 6 50 MaE.'.. .'.. ...... ....6. 6o
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
Caldwell. Ward & Co.'s Cotton Letter.

NEW YORK, July 2l-First cables ascribed the early decline in Liverpool to political complications, but the captured steamer Malacca was allowed to pass out of the Suez canal bound for Russia as a prize
 the public concluded its seizure must have been legal and the hue and cry for satjs- faction was without warrant If the ves- sel carried munitions of war for Japan Rus sia was clearly Justified in seizing her and Great Britain must acquiesce no matter how bitter a pill 1t might be. The market evil denly took the view that a serious political difference was thus removed and all mar kets showed a buoyant tone Even the strike fin Fall River lost sight of for the moment and there was a scamper of shorts here which carried winter months 20 points above last nights close and after some reaction leaves them still 13 to Is higher on the day. The old crop advanced only points on some reports of deteriora- not of a character to alarm except In an oversold market. Spinners have good orders in for fall and winter shipments but most of the limits are of an eighth to a quarter cent below the price established by the advance Certain prominent spot inter ests were said to be sellers of October and December above 9% cents. The next bu- reau report will be made from replies mail ed on July 26th. only five days away from today. From all appearances there will not be any striking change in the outlook during this short period and an excellent report is looked for on August 3d The short interest has been materially reduced by covering during the past few days Liv- erpool is due to come to 3 higher on near and unchanged to up crop.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
The leading futures ranged as folIowa: ARTICI ES

Cash quotations were as follows: Flour-Steady.
 wheat-No. spring. 9s6ss; No. 3, ss @96 '' co Corn-No. 2. 49%; No. yellow, 51. Oats-No. 2. 407s: No. 3 white 4014oB Mess pork. per hbl.. 12 7OI1275. Lard per 100 lbs, 6.S2h G6S5 Short ribs sides. loose. 7.252737h Short clear sides. boxed. 25G7 50 Whiskey. basis of high wines, l2s
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
TREASURY BALANCES.
MARINE NEWS.

WASHINGTON. July 2l.--Trcasury bal ances. $149. 435; gold, S49,S46.2ll.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
c. E. PIERCE & CO.'S COTTON LETTER

lBy Private Wire from Gihert & Clay)
 NEW ORLEANS July 21.-Cotton expert- eneed quite a material improvement in values today Liverpool from disappointing levels at the hour of our opening showed much activity during the last hour of trad Ing. and recorded substantial gains in all optlons, new crops closing at an advance of y English points Spot sales amounted to i.ooo bales at points advance. From prac- tically an unchanged opinion here on new crops. prices steadily advanced until a gain or from IS to 19 points was observed
 shorts showed much activity in covering on receipt of less favorable news from Texas
 where the ravishes of the boil weeyiI were sald to be improving Deterioration from other causes was reported from that State
 the crop an excellent condition outside of the weevil district As we said some weeks ago, certain proportion of the crop may as well be conceded to the persistency of this insect and 1t is still too early to form an opinion of the quantity From other sections of the belt crop news was of the same favorable tenor reported for some weeks past and the weather chart seemed to answer all requirements. It is reported rom several sources that agents have re- ceiveo instructions to proceed slowly in en- gazing freight room to Europe, and the for eign political news is. to say the least dis quieting It is not believed to be within reason that serious results will follow the existing disagreement. but anything ap- proaching even temporary breach of re- lations between European powers at the present time furnishes a basis for deep con sideration Such advices as were seen today predicated for the most part on A well known local evil. furnish an excellent oppor- tunity for exercising Judgment as to fresh commitments. consideration being given to the probable final effect of the size of the crop when the entire belt is considered.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
NEW ORLEANS COTTON FUTURES. NEW ORLEANS. July 2l.-Cotton future.
NEW YORK COTTON Er1rrrnEs

NEW YORK. July 21.-Following were the quotations on the Cotton Exchange to- day:
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
DAILY COTTON MARKET

NEW ORLEANS. July 21.-Cotton steady; sales. $50. Ordinary. 7-16: good ordin- ary, s&; middling 1o% middling, II; good mfddlins. II 5-16; middling fair, II 9-l6 Receipts. 1857: stock. 54,651
 GALvESTON.-Quiet: middling, 10 1916: receipts. 715; stock. 3,332
 MOBILE. - Nominal; middlng, 1oH; stock. 5ss
 sAvANNAH.-ouiet; middling, 11M; re- ceipts. l56: sales. 5; stock 16,O92
 CHARLESTON.-Nomin stock S7o
 MINGTON.-Nominal; stock, 1s3
 NORFOLK.-Receipts. 275: stock, 6370
 BALTIMoRE-Nomina middling, Il 25; stock, s7e.
 BOSTON-Quiet; middling. II; net re- ceipts. 125 gross. 150.
 PHILADELPHIA. Steady; middlinR il. 25; stock. 916.
 ST LoUIs.-Quiet middlng, 1o%: sales S4; receipts. 636; stock. 11.2SS.
 NEW YORK.-Cotton quiet; middling II; gross receipts. PSI; stock, 125.06s
 Total today: Net receipts, 2,62s; exports to Great Britain. 4,650.
 Consolidated: Net receipts. 12,692; ex- ports. to Great Britain 16167; to France 6b3; to continent, 413S; to Japan, 1897
 TotA since Sept. l: Net receipts, 7oe5,- o1l; exports, to Great Britain. 2.4s5. 125; to France, 6ss.o07: to continent 2,57s346; to Japan, 44,790; to Mexico 26,77S.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-07-22
MARKETS FOR FUTURES
LITTLE ATTENTION PAID THE NEWS
 INFLUENCES.
An Advices of a Bearish Nature, but the Railing Is Firm-Flucfuations Ir-
 regular, but the Trend !. Is Upward.

< NEW YORK. July 21.-The cotton market opened quiet and steady at decline of 2@5 points. which was aconsdered only a partial response to disappointing Liverpool cables. continued uneasiness over the Red Sea situation, generally favorable weather and bearish private crop advices But the market, as has been the case recently. cut loose from all the usual influences and after the opening ruled generally steady to firm on moderate covering movement. cred ited to certain Southern and Wall Street sources- Fluctuations were more or less ir- regular but 1 na general way the market worked upward with Liverpool rallying soon after the local opening and New Orleans also showed frmness. until in the late trad tng prices here were 1s92s> points higher on the new crop positions. August sold as high at 1o.70, a net advance of points in the early trading, but did not join in the afternoon squirt, remaining dull and com paratively easy around 10 60 to 10. 70. Just before the close liquidation and selling by New Orleans interests eased prices off 5 Q points from the top and the market, while finally steady showed net gains of only 1S to IT points on the new and points on the old crop positions. Transactions report ed larger blocks than of late and the mar ket on the whole showed improved activity with the total sales estimated at 300. 900 bales There was nothing in the news so far as could be learned to account for the ftrmness of prices and the advance seemed 10 De based almost entirely on technical market conditions. with certain bull inter ests attempting to force the small s..ort in- terest to cover and catching moderate stop orders as prices worked upward. The Fall River strike news was a factor in the bear fish cases of sentiment at the opening, but had no force in the later trading.
 Receipts of cotton at the ports today D. e2s bales. against l. .409 last week and 295 last year. For the week, 12,000 bales against 10.51S last week and 3,726 last year bales. against 231 last year. and at Hous- tons 11 bales, against II last year.
The Jimplecute. (Jefferson, Tex.) 18??-1907, 1904-10-22

A result of the elevation of the
fighting man to the foremost Off
GERS towards both civilians and
the unfortunate enlisted men cub
jected TO their tyranny. Mere than
thousand specifications ofcruelty
brought against one army officer in
December last and fifteen hundred
and twenty against a sergeant. are
reckoned ordinary cases, and luck
less privates are known to have
been tortured to death by these
scions of a "superior class " Pun.
ishment of such offenders is either
dispensed with or rendered farci
cal by its leniency. The whole
world remembers the brutal muir
der of a civilian schoolmate who
too familiarly saluted young
naval subaltern, and how the EN-
peror condoned it.