Arizona republican., 1904-05-02
A GROWING BUREAU
The Work of the GeOIOgi-
 Cal Survey
The Celebration of Its Twenty-fifth Birthday Almost Synonymous With Exposition Opening.

Washington, May 1.-The United States Geological Survey completed the twentt--fifth year of it's existence on March 9. 1904. The quarter-century anniversarX happened to fall near the date of the opening of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition at St. Louis, at which the survey will make an exhibit. II is hoped that this exhibit will in- crease the popular interest in the sur vey, and in this connection it has been thought desirable to place before the public. by means of q small bulletin, an account of its organization anl work ard the results it has achieved. Copies of this bulletin will be distr.b- uted at St. Louis and other copies may be obtained by application to the Director of the United States Geo'og- ical Survey, Washington, D. c. The bulletin. which is No. 227 Of the Sur yey series is entitled, "The Unitel States Geological Survey: It's Origin. Development. Organization. ard Operations
 1 The copies O fthe bulletin distr.b- uted from Washington contain a com plete list of the publications of the survey from its establishment to tte present day. including works in prep aratiou. The list covers S3 printed pages. Of special economic interest is the chrono!ogic list of papers on 1 Alaska.
 Prior to the organization of the present survey, five federal surveys l had been engaged in mapping portions I nf the territory of the United States. 1 The oldest of these. the Coast and Geo. datic Survey, had restricted its map ping to the coast line, but had extended ! certain eeodetic and scientific investi- cations over various portions of the | country The other four organiza- tions had made topographic, geO.osic. | and others scientific and economic surveys in the territories west of the one hundreth meridian. The geologt- cal exploration of the fortieth paral- | Tel was engaged from 1867 to 1872. under | the direction of MT. Clarence King, in | surveying a zone 195 miles wide, com | prising an area of S6,390 square miles. ! The geological and geographical survey 1 Of the territories under Dr. F. V. Hay den, between 1873 and 1878, survey q areas in Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, l Wyoming and Idaho. comprising abOut 1OO,0OO square miles. The g ographi- cal survey west of the one hundreth meridian, under Capt. George NJ.
 Wheeler. '. $. Army, during 1869 and | later years, surveyed an area of about 35g ,OC0 square miles. The work of the | geographical and geological survey of the Rocky mountain region under Maj. J.. w Powell, covered an area of about G. 900 square miles, in Wyoming. Utah, and Arizona.
 Even before the creation of these more elaborate federal surveys, expo ration parties, mainly under the war department. were dispatched in vari- ous directions over the mouni ain re- gions of the far west, where they made
 topographic and geologic surveys and examina tiGns of the natural resources. | Tn these expeditions the parties follow
 cd the more important Indian trails,
 river basins, and mountain passes.
 When the United States geological survey was established, all these ear Her surveys were discontinued except the coast and geodetic survey. This, as a part of the new department of commerce and labor, continues to make surveys of the coast, and geodetic and scientific investigations on lines which have been followed for more than half | a century.
 The growth of the surveys work may
 be well illustrated by the increase of its annual appropriations and by the in- crease in the amount of topographic mapping accomplished within a year
 The first appropriation amounted to SlO6, coo: for the fiscal year 1903-4 a
 total sum of $1,377,S2 was appropriated
 During the first yer the topographer S mapped on the small scale of about 4