Evening journal., 1904-12-06
DweIIs on the Right Of
WOrkmen to Organize
for Their Own Pro-
lection
This Government He Says
Cannot Discriminate
Between Union and
NOR-uniOn Men
BY Publishers, Press.


Washington, d. c., Dec. 6.-The
House of Representatives met at noon
today and the first thing in order was
the reading of President Roosevelt's
message. The document contained
more than 1s,0C0 words and more than
SD hour was consumed in reading it.
The most important parts follow;
The enlargement of scope Of the
functions of the national government
required by our development as a ma
ton involves. Of course, increase Of ex-
pense. and the period Of prosperity
through which the country is passing
'justifies expenditures for permanent
improvements far greater than would
be wise in hard times, but abundant
revenues and a large surplus always
invite extravaganza, and constant care
should be taken to guard against un-
necessary increase of the ordinary ex-
penses Of government.
Capital and Labor.
The relations Of capital and labor,
and especially Of organized capital and
organized labor, to each other and to
the public at large come second in i'm
portance only to the intimate questions
of family life. Our peculiar form Of
government, with its sharp division of
authority between the nation and the
several states, has been on the whole
Tar more advantageous to our develop.
ment than q more strongly centralized
government. But it is undoubtedly re-
sponsible for much OF the difficulty. OF
meeting with adequate legislation the
new problems presented by the total
change in industrial conditions on this
continent during the last half century
In actual practice it has proved ex
ceedingly difficult, and in many cases
impossible, to get unanimity Of wise
acton among the various states Oh
these subjects. From the very nature
OF the case this is especially true oi
the laws affecting the employment o.
capital in huge masses.
With regard to labor, the problem Il
no less important, but it is simpler. Al
long as the states retain the primar,
control of the police power the circum
stances must be altogether extrem'
which require interference by the fed
oral authorities, whether in the way o
safeguarding the rights Of labor or il
the way Of seeing that wrong is no
done by unruly persons who shiel'
themselves behind the name Of labor
If there is resistance to the fedora
courts, interference with the mails
interstate commerce or molestation o
federal property, or if the state author
ties in some crisis which they are ur
able to face call for help, then the fec
eral government may interfere; bu
though such interference may be caui
ed by a condition of things arising ou
of trouble connected with some que!
ton OF labor, the interference itsel
simply takes the form Of restoring o.
der without regard to the question
which have caused the breach Of o.
der. In the District Of Columbia an
in the territories the federal law Coz
ers the entire field of government BI
the labor question is only acute
populous centers Of commerce. NAM
factures or mining. Nevertheless bot
in the enactment and in the enforc
ment Of law the federal gOvernmel
within its restricted sphere should s.
an example to the state government
especially in matter so vital as tn
affecting labor.
Labor Unions
I believe that under modern indu
trial conditions it is often necessary an
even where not necessary it is yet Q
ten wise that there should be organic
tion Of lAhar iN snSA- H-'--- - --