davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer and the cotton plant., 1904-10-25
Turkeys.

A pamphlet lately issued by the Agricultural
Department deals with the management of tur-
keys, writes the Washington correspondent OF The
Progressive Farmer. The most serious deteriora-
ton in the industry, it points out is through in
breeding. It is through attention to the introduce
ton of new and vigorous stock that the growers
of Rhode Island have attained their reputation.
Last winter, the highest prices ever known were
paid for turkeys (forty CENTS a pound IN New
York at Christmas), and no kind / of live stock will
return so large a profit to the successful producer.
Yet, according to the last census with 100000
farms in the United States, only about ~6,500,000
turkeys are produced per year, or one-third and a
fraction to each farm. The six standard varieties
of this country are the Bronze, Narragansett,
Bluff, Slate, White and Black. The first two are
the largest. A variety known as the Bourbon
Reds is also largely grown for the market. There
seems to be no special preference for any one
variety for table use. Tie pamphIet gives eIdDJs
rate advice as to the selection and treatment of
stock, growing and market, destruction of para
sites, and housing.
The progressive farmer and the cotton plant., 1904-10-25
The Farm Separator.

A pamphlet just issued by the Department of
Agriculture describes the use and advantages of
the farm separator. The employment of this ap-
paratus. it says, has opened up the whole territory
west of the Missouri River to the dairy industry.
The use of the home separator largely reduced
the cost of hauling milk, obviated the loss in the
value of the skinned product, and enabled the
farmer to milk more cows. Great care must be
taken, however, to keep the separator clean. A
good brush should be used for washing, and the
dish cloth often employed for this purpose should
be forever discarded. 1t is difficult to eradicate
odors from the shipping cans: at one experiment
station, all ordinary means of washing failed, and
it was not until the cans were rendered practical
ly sterile by the use of concentrated I've water
that the difficulty was overcome.
The progressive farmer and the cotton plant., 1904-10-25
DAIRY.

General Characteristics-Length and depth of
coupling, clean cut contour of head, neck, withers
and limbs; well developed udder and milk vein;
width through the heart and loin; capacious chest
indication of constitution; wide spaced and we'll
sprung ribs with soft, elastic skin and an active
carriage.
~Form-Angular and wedge-shaped.
Neck.-Long and light, oval and fiat on the side,
fine at junction of the head, making abrupt juno
ton with neck vein.
Back.-Narrow at withers, broad at loin, slight
ly swayed, with well defined spinal column and
well arched pelvic region.
Hindquarters.-Long, wide, deep and devoid of
surplus flesh.
angular ribs distinctly apparent.-Andrew NJ.
Soule, in Practical Farmer.
The progressive farmer and the cotton plant., 1904-10-25
A Goat Ranch.

Up near Kings Mountain, Prof. r. B. Hunter,
the former Superintendent of Education in
Mecklenburg, is conducting a goat ranch. The
ranch is owned by a stock company and consists
of 1000 acres of mountainous land, and has 1000
goats so far. "The Kings Mountain Goat Ranch
Company" says the newspaper account, "hopes
to supply all the goats necessary for home con-
sumption" When the goat ranch gets in perfect
working order, lamb chops may not be so rare at
our "leading hotels."-Monroe journal.
Let no guilty man escape-no man guilty of
trying to keep house without The Progressive
Farmer. Get every man to subscribe till January
1. Only Is cents.
The progressive farmer and the cotton plant., 1904-10-25
Good Rules for Cow Owners.

When the New England Yankee gets himself
down to COW study, his conclusions are apt to be
worth studying. The Vermont Dairymen's Asso-
citation has adopted a series of rules which we
think are worth while FASTING up in the stable
or somewhere else where they are likely to be read
once a week at least. We quote them as follows:
THE STABLE.
l.. Stables should be well ventilated, lighted
and drained; should have tight floors, walls and be
plainly constructed.
2. No musty or dirty litter, no strong-smelling
material, and no manure should remain in the
stable longer than is absolutely necessary.
3. Whitewash the stable once or twice a year.
Would using land plaster in manure
cutters daily.
4. Feed no dry, dusty fodder previous to milk
ing. IF dusty, sprinkle before it is fed.
s. Keep stable and dairy room IN clean condi-
ton.
THE COWS.
/. Keep only healthy cows. Promptly remove
suspected animals. In particular, add no COWS
to the herd unless it be certain that they are free
from tuberculosis.
2. Do not excite the cows, or expose them to
stress of weather.
3. Feed a good COW literally with fresh palata-
bic feeding stufs. Do not change these suddenly.
Provide water, pure, but not too cold, in abund-
ance.
MILKING.
1. The mixer should be clean and his clothes
likewise.
2. Brush the udder just before milking and
wipe with a clean cloth or sponge.
3. Milk quietly, quickly and thoroughly.
4. Throw away into the gutter the first feu
streams from each teal. This milk is very watery,
and of very little value, and is quite apt to iniure
the remainder of the milk.
5. Remove the milk promptly from the stable
The progressive farmer and the cotton plant., 1904-10-25
@. w. BURKETT.

Whenever you wish to buy anything, look in the
advertising columns of The Progressive Farmer.
If you don't find it advertised, write direct to us.
If you do find it advertised, rest assured that
the advertiser will treat you fairly, and if you
wish further Information, ask him for particulars
and prices.
The progressive farmer and the cotton plant., 1904-10-25
Live Stock and Dairy
DUO BY CHARLES WIN. BURKETT
Professor OF Agriculture, N. G. A. & NJ. College, and ARrt.
culturist North Carolina Experiment Station.
Inquiries OF Progressive Farmer readers cheerruny an
swered.
SOME HOG QUESTIONS ANSWERED.

1. "What is the best kind of food for young
pigsW
There are a number of suitable feeding stuffs
for hogs In the middle South. But corn is far from
being best for young pigs; yet corn, as a rule, is
the principal food. Now corn lacks the muscle
forming ingredients and therefore should enter
but slightly in the pig ration.
Skim milk is best of all. IF skim milk is not
available, then use wheat middlings. Just now
a ton of corn is worth more than a ton of mid
ding If you were to make the exchange in dollars
and cents. But middlings would make more
growth and more economical gains on the pig,
hence it would be economy for the pig feeder to
dispose Of some corn and in exchange purchase
middlings. But what is better yet, keep the corn
for fattening more pigs and purchase middlings
besides. The middlings should be put in a barrel
and enough water used to make a good slop.
This same kind of food is splendid for sows with
sucking pigs.
When pigs are 200 days old, if of good breed
in, they are ready for their fattening food-corn
comes rst-and by the 250th day they ought
to weigh $50 hounds or more.
2. what are good fattening foods for hogs"
Corn is prominently a fattening food. But
many experiments have shown that corn can be
most economically fed when combined with a lit
tie tankage, or some peanuts or some wheat mid
dlings. Protein is needed for the fattening
stages and to secure the best returns it must be
supplied in the food.
Sweet potatoes make also a good fattening ra-
ton, but best results follow when some other
feeding stuff is combined with them. The ma
terials suggested above to furnish protein will go
very well with sweet potatoes. The final feeding
ing period in fattening will use corn perhaps in
the best manner.
3. "Is grazing necessary for hog productions p
Not necessarily; still to obtain the best results
and in the most profitable manner nothing pays
like clover, alfalfa, green rye or COW peas for
breeding stock and young animals. This is a
a good season to put out an acre or SO to rye
rape and crimson clover.
For the rye pasture SOW two or two and a half
bushels per acre. This will make a fine pasture
all winter and a good place for corn or cotton
next spring. For rape SOW five pounds per acre.
IF the land is poor, fertilize well. A quarter of
an acre will make quantities of feed. An acre
then to crimson clover for a spring pasture, and
you are fixed. Sow fifteen pounds per p and
~fertilize.
This practice will save great quantities of corn
and other feed and will make the hog stock thrift
ty, healthy, and quick maturing.
4. "What sort of shelter shall we provideg'
Anything to keep the nests dry. That is all
that is needed. Don't worry about cold if the
sleeping pens are dry. The sleeping pens do not
need to be large, nor higher. Simply roof over
and side up-the rains blowing in and making
wet bedding do the damage.
@. w. BURKETT.
The progressive farmer and the cotton plant., 1904-10-25

Form.-Parallelogramic
Neck.-Medium to short, uniting smoothly with
head and gradually widening and deepening to-
ward the neck vein SO as to blend insensibly into
the shoulder.
Back.-Wide, broad, level and well feshed from
poll to tail head.
Hindquarters-Long and deep, heavily feshed
down to the hook.
Conformation.-Shows good balance and easy
carriage, absence of patchiness and undue promi-
hence In any region.
The progressive farmer and the cotton plant., 1904-10-25
Some Graphic Contrasts Between Beef and Dairy Types,
BEEF

General Characteristics.-Compact form, wide
and deep medium length in coupling; wide,
straight back, good handling qualities; wide, deep
hindquarter.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-02-24

II Is well known that under the ac-
tion of gravity the water composing
such thin shell as a soap bubble tends
10 run down on all sides, so that the
walls of the bubble grow thin at the
top and tbicken toward the bottom.
After n time the bubble becomes SO
thin at the top that further How of wa
ter from this point can hardly take
place and finally the bubble bursts.
But before this last stage Is reached a
degree of thinness In the walls of the
bubble Is attained which causes IL to
glow with brilliant lridescent colors
Newton noticed that on top of the thin
bubble Illuminated by white sky light
black spot Is formed. With increase
of thickness downward from this point
on all sides. red band next appears;
then Il blue one; then again red and
blue, red and blue, and so on, the col
ors showing more extremes of red and
purple In the higher orders. This blue
band which first expands outward from
the black spot at the top and descends
slowly with the subsistence of the wa
ter Newton called the blue of the first
order" and, although somewhat dingy,
he judged It to be of the same tint as
the blue of the sky.-T. ]. J. See I'm At
lantic
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-02-24
APHORISMS.

A good intention clothes itself with
power Emerson.
He that swclls in prosperity will be
sure TO shrink in adversity.-Colton.
Responsibility walks hand in hand
with capacity and power.-J. G. Hol-
land.
Good nature and evenness of temper
will give you an easy companion for
b life.-Steele.
Stiffness of persons and steadness of
features are signal marks of good
breedng.-O. W. Holmes.
The prudence of the best heads is Of
ten defeated by the tenderness OF the
best of hcarts.-Fleldlng.
1t Is easier 70 enrich ourselves with
Il thousand virtues than to correct our
selves of n single fault-Bruyore.
The individual who Is habiyually
tardy i'm keeping an appointment will
never be respected or successful In
life.-W. Fisk.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-02-24
To nestere Lcnther Uindiups

To restore the leather bindings of
books wash them first very lightly and
carefully with clean warm water In
which Il tiny piece of soda has been
dissolved. in order TO free the leather
from grease; then wash with clear wa
ter TO remove the soda. and dry. Dis
solve bit of gum arabic the size of a
small bean In teaspoonful of water
ana beat 1t up with teaspoonful of
the white of an egg. With n bit of
sponge 20 lightly over the leather with
this CLAIR and let II dry.
Should the CLAIR froth up ON the
leather. MS 1t is very likely to do IL
there is much tool work on the book.
dab 1t until 1t subsidies with the palm
or the hand or with the sponge
squeezed as dry ns possible.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-02-24
Her Husbands MnIr Friends.

One of the most complicated duties
of wife is the shufIling off of her hus-
bands male friends. says the Ladies'
Field. Fifty per cent can go at once.
for half mans bachelor associates
are, according to his wife, not fit for
polite society. either because they have
no manners or because they wear the
wrong sort of collars. Ten per cent
she may genuinely dislike, or possibly
they may not take to her. Some of, the
rest are on the borderland of federation,
but most Of them have n knack of
dropping Off by slow degrees. Possibly
this is the inward and spiritual mean
Ing Of the farewell bachelors dinner
most intending brldegrooms give,
though they never realize 1t at the
time.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-02-24
Colombian Natives.

In Colombia the huts of the poor are
of logs, with bamboo plated sides and
mud filed chinls. The windows have
wooden shutters, but no glass. Sleep
ing places are bamboo benches with
hide thrown over them, or hammocks
woven by the women. Gourds of vari-
ous shapes and sizes do duty for dishes,
spoons and knives. Chairs and benches
are followed logs of wood. But the
poems -, their living easily and enjoy
life well. They delight In music and
dancing, and women as well as men arc
smokers. Cockfighting is a favorite
amusement.
The peasant women are usually bare
footed and bareheaded, with mantllas
for special occasions. Their dress is n
short skirt and bodice or an ample
frllled low necSed garment called Il
pollera. Even the poorer classes are
bedecked with jewelry.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-02-24
A eRAssHopFER RACE.
Mnciny won n Becnusc The Pro-
fcssor Got the wrong bottle.

NnciSry won n Becnusc the Pro-
fessor Got the wrong bottle.
John W. Mnckny was an early riser
hard worker and. although exceed
ingly hospitable. was himself absteml-
ous aud could seldom be induced to
rlay cards for money, and then for
only nominal stakes. The only game
that seemed TO attract him was the
"grn rnsshoppcr races" with which the
mining superintendcnts ON the Com
stock bcgulled portion of the noon
hour while waiting for luncheon at the
Savage company hosting house. Boys
caught grasshoppers aud sold them to
the players at - to 30 cents each. Each
player paid fixed stake. ranging from
81 to $50. into the pool. and The man
whose hopper made the longt st jump
captured the pool. On the day before
Christmas II was agreed to celebrate
that holiday with II pool the stakes i'm
which were to be 500 for each player.
The terms were play or pay" and at
the instance of Il German professor
who was a superintendent of n leading
mine each man was allowed to use any
means that he might devise to stmu.
late his grnsshopper The professor
was so full of his scheme to sclen-
tlhcally capture the $1,000 pool-for
there We're ten entries-that lac commu-
nicated it TO n young assayer who was
not Il grasshopper plunger. The pro
fcssor had experimental and ascertain
ed that grasshopper that was touch
ed by Il feather dipped in weak solu.
tiun of aqua ammonia would jump for
his life. The young man also expert
mcnted, and as n result he filed bot
tie of the same size and appearance
with cyanide of potassium and man
aged TO substitute IL for the other in
the professors laboratory. The next
day, when the professor after much
bOasting about t'9 scientific attain
ments dipped feather in the substi-
tutcd bottle and touched his insect with
it, the grasshopper rolled over as dead
as n salt maclicrel, amid the roars OF
the crowd. Mackay's hopper won the
big pool, and two widows, whose hus-
bands had been killed in the Yellow
Jacket mine, received gift of $500
each from an unknown source.-San
Francisco Call.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-02-24
The Candle Nut,

The candle nut is Z native of the Pa
cific islands. and the name is derived
from the fact that the kernels are so
full of oil that when dried they are
stuck on reeds and used rs candles.
The people of Hawaii, after having
roasted these nuts and removed the
which is favored with pepper and salt
and Is said to be Il most nppetlzlng
dish. The husll of the nut and the gum
which cXudcs from the tree have me-
dlcinal values. while the burned shell Of
the kukul is used TO make an indelible
ink with which tattoolng is done.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-02-24
Eating Worms.

All nations save the worshipers of
Buddha eat the flesh of animals. Even
the lowest and most disgusting TO eye
and palate lind home where they are
welcomed Worms and insects must
furnish food and grace the tables not
only of the poor, but of the rich. Think
Of the gourmet who praises the luscious
woodsnlpe. and still more the black
mass from the inside that he carefully
places on his toast and eats with Il
feeling akin TO veneratlon! He is eat
ing the worms that live in the snipe's
intestnes. OF equal value is the IA
nous palm worm of the West Indies,
which forms one of the best dishes of
luxurious dinners. Its near relation,
the grugru worm of Java, is said to be
richer still and more delicate. Nor do
costly silkworms escape the fate of all
that is eaiablc. Freed from their CO.
coons and daintily dressed they are
highly priced and largely swallowed
by the people of Madagascar.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-02-24
WHY WINE FIRST TO HOST.
In America n Mere rormnIity, but In
italy n Real Necessity.

In America Mere Formniity, but In
italy Real Necessity.
The wine was opened dextrously by
the waiter, who before serving the
guests poured few drops into the
hosts glass.
"Why did this walter give you lit.
tie wine before helping the rest of us?"
asked n man of curious mind.
"Oh," said the host, that's always
done"
II know it's always done. That does
not answer my question, though. Here,
waiter" the man persisted. "you tell
me why when you open bottle of
wine you pour few drops into the
hosts glass before serving the guests"
The waiter smiled and answered:
'Tt's matter of form, sir; an old
custom, politeness. Its origin lies In
the fact that after the removal of the
cork there might be left in the neck of
the bottle little dust or few specks
of cork. The first drops poured out
would in that event contain the dust or
the cork, and thus the guest were he
served first might get this refuse; hence
the host is given the first drops.
"As matter of fact, II you know
how to open wine you have no difficulty
in keeping the bottles neck clean. The
custom, therefore, is formality in
America. In Italy, though, it is n real
necessity, for over there they pour
little oil In the necks of their bottles of
native wine before corking on the
ground that this makes the wine air
tight. No doubt It does, but 1t also in
some eases gives to the first glass from
the bottle decidedly oily flavor. There
fore the first glass the host CALAMITY
takes."-Philadelph Record.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-02-24

Here is an interesting problem in
mathematics: Two clerks are engaged,
one at salary which begins at the rate
Of 500 year, with a yearly rise of
$50, and the other at salary COM
mencing at the same rate, but with
half yearly rise of S5. In each case
payments are made half yearly. Which
Of them has the larger income?
Who is not tempted to say the for
mer?
Yet the latter is the correct answer,
for in the first year the first clerk re-
ceives 500, but the second clerk re-
ceives $50 and $55, which amounts to
$105 in the year. The first clerk in
the second year gets, to be sure, S120,
but No. 2 gets $50 for the first half year
and $65 for the second, or S125 in all.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-02-24
The M,nchleroun M,sple.

Here is an anecdote illustrative of
he magpie's love of mischief aud of
Sport: There was field wherein clothes
were often hung out to dry on posts
which were let down into deep wooden
sockets buried in the ground and were
carried away and put under cover when
they were not in use. A gravel path
ran round the field, and tame mag
pie. which had the run of II, was OBJ
served TO walk repeatedly and demure-
ly from the path TO a particular point
In the field, conveying each time a
stone in her bill and then returning
without It. A magpie seldom continues
mt any one amusement for any length
of time, but this amusement went on
so long that the curiosity of the owner
was aroused. There must be some
thing unusually novel or piquant about
g. He went to the spot and found that
Il large toad had fallen into one of the
wooden sockels and that the mngple
was amusing herself by deliberately
stdning it! As each shot told. the toad
gave little hop of distress in the hole
deep below, which the magpie capped
by Il big hop of satisfaction and an
irresistible "currack" of delight above.
n Bosworth Smith in Nineteenth
Century.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-02-24

A swriter In London newspaper
says: "Thc other day ! heard an Eng
lishmnn defending our system of coin
age on the ground that we are the only
nation on earth who can say that the
system is bone of our bone, For there
are 2lO homes in the body and 240
pence in the pound; there are 100 bones
in the head and trunk and 100 in the
limbs ana 100 pence in half Il sover-
cign; each limb contains 80 bones, and
n half crown contains 80 pence; in the
spinal column there are 81 bones and
in tlorln ~ pence, and as we have
~ ribs on each side. so we have IL
pence in every shilling. See how the
proportions of the skeleton of our COM
merce conform TO natures teaching.
No wonder II Is vigorous
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-02-24
wooden shoes.

Wooden shoes in France are produced
TO the extent of about 100000 pairs
yearly. They are made in Alsace and
Barriers by machinery and in Lozore
by hand. In the last named province
LOO persons are engaged in this man
ufacture, and the yearly product Is
more than half million pairs The
best are made of maple. In the prov
inces nearly every lady possesses n
pair Of the finer sabots for wearing out
in damp weather. These have mono
grams and other designs carved on the
vamps, and they are kept on the foot
by ornamented leather pieces over the
instep. The manufacture of these
pieces of leather is a regular business
in France.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-02-24

"MIove on, now," said the policeman.
"No, sireer' replied Mr. Haicede dog
gedly.
IL guess ye will. Ye've been hangin'
round here half an hour"
Eyes, an, b'gosh, here's whar I stick!
The gent that tuck my watch to have
my name engraved on TO it told me to
stay right here till he got back."-Phil-
adelphia Press.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-02-24

Before intoxicating liquor was made
dear by taxes and its sale was regulat-
ed by licenses the use of it in England
was astonlshingly common. Not only
were there in London 6,000 or 1000
regular dramshops, but cheap gin was
given by masters to their work people
instead Of wages, sold by BARRIERS and
tobacconists, hawked about the streets
on barrows by men and women, openly
exposed for sale on every market stall,
forced on the maidseryants and other
purchasers at the chandler's shop, I'M
til, as one contemporary writer puts it,
''one-half of the town seems set up to
furnish poison to the other half"
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-02-24

The lawyers at lola were swapping
yarns the other day during n recess in
the district court. A lawyer whose
wife is marked for her good dressing
told how he had come TO be such Il
good provider. Soon after he was mar
ried his wife met a glrlhood friend.
The friend said to her that she wasn't
MS well dressed ss she used TO be be-
fore marriage. "Oh, you are mlstak-
en-" said the wife. 81 am wearing the
same clothes did then. kansas City
Journal