Free press., 1904-12-10

Kishenef, or when ii witnesses such syS-
tematfc and long-extcnded cruelty and
oppression as the cruelty and oppression
of which the Arnenians have bean the
victims. and which have won for them
the indignant pity OF the civilized world
Rights Of American Citizens Abroad.
Even where it is not possible TO Sc
cure in other nations the observance OF
the principles which we accept as ak
iomatic, 1T is necessary for Us firmly to
insist upon the rights of our own citi-
zens without regard 70 their creed or
race: witnou- regard to whether they
were born here or born abroad
The Navy.
The strong arm of the government IN
enforcing respect for its just rights in
United States 1 most earnestly recon-
mend that there be no halt in the work
of upbuilding the American navy. There
is no more patriotic duty before US as a
people than to keep the navy adequate
10 the needs of this country'S position.
We have undertaken to build the 18TH
mian canal. We have undertaken to Sc
cure for ourselves our just share in the
trade of the Orient We have under
taken to protect our citizens from inl-
proper treatment in foreign lands. We
continue steadily to insist the appH-
cation of the Monroe doctrine to the
western hemisphere. Unless our attitude
in these and all similar matters is to be
a mere boastfUl sham we can not afford
to abandon our naval programme. Our
voice is now potent for peace and is so
potent because we are not afraid of war.
But our protestations upon behalf of
peace would neither receive nor deserve
the slightest attention if we were i'm
potent to make them good.
The Army.
Within the last three years the United
States has set an example in disarnla-
ment where disarmament was proper.
By law our army is fixed at a maximum
of one hundred thousand and a minimum
of sixty thousand men. When there was
insurrection in the Philippines we kept
the army at the ma ximum. Peace came
in the Philippines, and now our army
has been reduced 10 the minimum at
which it is possible to keep it with due
regard to it's efficiency. The guns now
mounted require twenty-eight thousand
men, if the coast Notifications are to be
adequately manned. Relatively to the
nation. it is not now so large as the po-
lice force of New York or Chicago rela.
lively to the population of either city.
We need more officers; there are" not
enough to perform the regular army
, work. 1t is very important that the Ctfi-
GERS Of the army should be accustomed
to handle their men in masses, as it is
also important that the national guard
of the several states should be accus-
toned to actual field maneuvering. espe-
For this reason We are to be congratu-
lated upon the success of the field ma
enuvers at Manassas last fall, maneuvers
in which a larger number of regulars
and national guard took part than was
ever before assembled together in time
Of peace. No other civilized nation has
relatively to its population such a di-
minutive army as ours; and while the
army is so small we are not to be ex-
cused if we fail to keep it at very high
grade OF proficiency.
The Philippines.
In the Philippine islands there has
been during the past year continuation
OF the steady progress which has OBJ
tanned ever since our troops definitely
got the upper hard Of the insurgents
The Philippine people. or. to speak more
accurately, the many tribes, and even
races, sundered from one another more
or less sharply. who go to make up the
people of the Philippine islands. contain
many elements of good, and some ele-
ments which we have right to hope
stand for progress. AT present they are
utterly incapable OF existing in indie
pendence at all or OF building up civ
ilization OF their own. firmly believe
that we can help them to rise higher and
higher in the scale of civilization and
of capacity for self government, and
most earnestly hope that in the end they
VIII be able to stand, if not entirely alone,
yet in some such relation to the United
States as Cuba now stands. This end
is not yet in sight, and it may be in
definitely postponed if people are
foolish enough to turn the attention Of
the Filipinos away from the problems of
achieving moral and material prosperity,
of working for stable, orderly and just
government and toward foolish and dan
gerous intrigues for a complete independ-
ence for which they are as yet totally
unfit
On the other hand our people must
keep steadily before their minds the fact
that the justification for our stay in the
Philippines must ultimately rest chiefly
upon the good we are able to do in the
islands. do not overlook the fact that
in the development of our interests in
the Pacific ocean and along its coasts.
the Philippines have played and will play
an important part, and that our interests
have beer served in more than one way
by the possession Of the islands. But
our chief reason for continuing to hold
them must be that we ought in good
faith to try to do our share Of the
worlds work, and this particular piece
of work has been imposed upon us by
the results of the war with Spain. This
problem presented to us in the Philip
pine islands is akin to. but not exactly
like. the problems presented to the other
great civilized. powers which have pos
sessions in the Orient. More distinctly
than any of the powers we are endeaV-
oring to develop the natives themselves
SO that they shall take an ever-increas-
ing share in their own government. and
as far as is prudent we are already ad-
mitting their representa- tives to a gov
ernmental equality with our own. There
are commissioners. judges, and governors
in the islands who are Filipinos and who
have exactly the same share in the gov
ernme:lt of the islands have their col
leagues who are Americans, while in the
lower ranks, OF course, the great major
ity of the public servants are Filipinos.
Within two years We shall be trying the
experiment of an elective lower house in
the Philippine legislature.
Meanwhile our own people should re-
est standard of conduct among the Amer
leans sent to the Philippine islands. not
only among the public servants but
among the private individuals who go
to them. 1t is because 7 feel this SO
deeply that in the administration of these
islands I have positively refused to per-
nit any discrimination whatsoever for
political reasons and have insisted that
| in choosing the public servants consid-
Grafton should be paid solely TO the
worth of the men chosen and to the
needs of the islands. There is no high
er body Of men in our public service
| than we have in the Philippine islands
under Gov Wright and his associates
So far as possible these men should be
given a free hand. and their suggestions
should receive the hearty backing both
of the Executive and of the Congress.