davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10
How to keep Roads Good.

The question is not how to make
good roads, but how to keep eocd
roads. 1t is evident that the travel.
and especially hauling. when roads are
soft from continued rains, or especial.
ly when the frost is coming out, does
the greatest damage. The law pro-
hibits heavy hauling at such times, but
1t is rot often enforced Now tie rem
edy | propose is for the law to encour-
age broad treads. If all two-horse
wagons had tread of u inches. and
so arranged that the hind wheels would
not follow in the track of front wheels.
only lap one CT two inches, they would
be like roller. rolling "A to 46 inches.
and buggfes ard carriages four to six
Inch treads. This would do away with
making channels in the road by con-
hnued travel in one place. OF course
this could not be brought about all at
once, but there should be a stringent
law against narrow treads when roads
are soft, and perhaps it would be we'll
at first to give bounty for broad
treads. 1t would encourage the same.
which think solves the road problem
Correspondence Indiana Farmer.
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10
CORN AND COB MEAL.
Combination Which Is Held In High
Favor by Progressive Western
Dairymen.

Cobs are too valuable for the dairy
man to throw away or burn. They
may not possess much nutriment, but
it has been demonstrated quite con-
clusively that they have a feeding val
lie not much less than the corn that
grew upon them, provided they are
ground with the corn. A certain weight
of corn and cob meal is equal in feed
ing value to like weight of pure ground
corn. This result doubtless arises from
the more Gigestible form given to the
corn meal by the presence of the ground
cobs. One of the largest cattle feeding
companies in Nebraska buys all the
cobs it can get, which grinGs with the
shelled corn it has been compelled to
buy. 1t raises corn and buys what it
can unshelled, but has still to resort to
outside purchases. Our readers should
remember this. 1t is one strong areu-
ment in favor of grinding the corn rath-
er than feeding it in any ether way; for
only by grinding can the cob be rem
dered available. The chemist cannot
ind the value in the cob that the COW
can, but it is there. We have paid too
little attention to the mechanical form
in which cur dairy feeds are given. The
COW has stomach differing very much
from that of many other of our farm
animals, and concentrated foods are rot
handled in it to good advantage, Farm
ers' Review.
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10

Of all the Russias gets little or no en-.
joyment from his use of the gun. With
him, shooting is a diplomatic fiction;
even the famous visit, made a month
ago, to the preserves at Murzsteg was
matter of necessity rather than
choice, and it could have given him
scant pleasure to shoot in woods that
had to be surrounded for the sake OF
his personal safety by thousands of
soldiers and scores of detectives The
sense of freedom that almost all Eu-
ropes rulers may enjoy is forbidden to
the Little Father, and no bird Or beast
in all his forests has more anxious
life.
Abdul Hamid H., the padishah, the
caliph of all Islam, does net shoot
game.
Dom Carlos happiest of kings and
most jovial of men, is perhaps the best
shot among the crowned heads of Eu-
rope. His proves is wonderful A
big, heavy man, he moves his gun with
rapidity that must be seen to be be-
lieved, and what he aims at falls, prop
erly hit. With shotgun, rifle, or re-
volver he is equally expert-indeed, he
can pierce the marks on a playing-card
with revolver at 20 PAGES and drop
flying pigeons with rifle. He is never
more happy than when he has a gun
in hand, and frequently completes
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10
sUBso1Ls FOR ORCHARDS.
possible to Get n Healthy
Growth of Trees.

In his last annual report Prof. +. w.
Hllgard, director of the California ex-
pertinent station, calls attention to the
Importance of examining INFO the ma
5ure of the subsol of the proposed Or
chard site. lie says:
Few persons can have an idea of the
extent to which the planting of orr
chards On shallow soils underlaid by
hardpan or heavy clays has caused pes
cuniary loss. often almost ruin, to old
timers as we'll as to newcomers to the
state. Every few days there come let
ters transmitting samples OF tree
branches having the "die-back," and
asking about the means of relief. We
might usefully stereotype the first SEN
tence in reply to such inquiries, briefly
10 the effect: Examine your subsoil!"
In nine cases ont of ten it is either
hardpan or an impervious clay sub
stratum, which defects the roots side
ways after the second or third year, and
OF course prevents healthy normal
development toward the moist depths
OF the soil, where abundant plant-food
awaits them in all good orchard lands
More rarely it is layer of coarse sand,
or gravel, which prevents the rise OF
moisture from below; sometimes it is
the rise of the bottom water, which
causes disease of the deeper roots, and
also starves the tree. Almost invari-
ably the question is asked: What fer
tll!zer must l apply to remedy the trou-
ble?" Well, in most cases no fertilizer
of any kind will remedy the difficulty;
the existence Of which should have been
ascertained before planting the orchard.
or, better, before buying the land at all.
Even in the east and in Europe, care
full farmers scrutinize the subsoil be-
fore investing. In the arid region this
is tenfold more needful. because of the
critical Importance of the subsoil, over
shadowing that of the surface soil, as
already explained. The rrigator who
pays so dearly for his water is doubly
interested in it, and ought always to
know how long it takes water to soak
to certain depth in his land, so as
to be sure that it does not run off the
surface of natural or artificial hardpan.
and flow to the neighbcr below, instead
OF soaking down.
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10

reckoned a fine shot with the rifle at
driven deer-a far more difficult mark
than they are generally supposed to be.
for the stays let the kinds SO first
through passes that favor the gunner,
and the last mad rush of the monarchs
of great herd requires no little stop
ping.
1taly's ruler has ever been a keen
sportsman, from the early days when,
prince of Naples, he voiced and won a
wife as ardent follower of the open
life as himself. Queen Elena. daugh-
ter of the fine ola "Go.podar" Prince
Nicholas, of Montenegro, had been
brought UP in sporting; land, with sis
tiers and brothers devoted to the out
door pastimes; her brothers are expert
shots, whose fame has Travelled far
beyond the narrow limits of their
fathers kingdom.
Turning to Italy's associates in the
triple alliance. we find two keen sports
men at the head of affsirs To his out
door work among the hills in pursuit
of stag and chamois and varied fur or
feather, Franz Josef, the aged Aus
trian Emperor, owes rot little of his
vitality and endurance. 1t is no light
load of care ne must discard; at his
age the burden might we'll be past
bearing. The bracinss air, the call of
the sport, and the steady demand upon
brain as we'll as hand, serve, appa-
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10

to be sterilized before being offered for
sale, but even should that desirable cor
dition OF affairs be reached, it will still
be obligatory upon the milkman to see
that 10 opportunity is afforded for the
contact of the .acteal fluid with con-
taminated atmosphere in the stable.
Probably the best way in which this can
be accomplished is by the aid of the
pneumatic milking machine mere illus
trated. 1t is so arranged as to rot only
milk the COWS automatically. but also
lncloses the milk in an air-tight re-
ceptac!e as lorg as it is in the prox-
unity of the animal This is accom-
plished by reservoir suspended over
head and connected with the teat cups
by short section of hose. BY means
of a vacuum created in the pipe to
which the reservoir is attached the milk
is drawn from the teats ard deposited
in the receptacle, whence it can be re-
moved to the creamery fer further
treatment before being placed on sale
Louisville Courier-Journal.
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10

say working day shall consist OF SO
many hours and minutes. That men
shall begin at such a time and shall quit
at such time, and that they shall be
paid time-and-a-half or double-time for
all over that, and the unions are careful
that the rules are enforced. The spirit
of giving nothing that is not paid inr
has tendency to cause some classes to
give less than is paid for in their eff
forts not to give too much. 1t has de-
veloped clock watchers, and, at times,
loafers.
A manufacturer in speaking OF this
subject few days ago, said the hardest
problem he had to solve was to get from
his employees all the labor he had paid
for. "A few years ago" said he, "time
keepers We're almost unnecessary; fore
men were needed only in the capacity
OF trained workmen, they were not
hired to keep men at work. But new
spirit has entered the Industrial field,
and it is now problem to keep the men
at work during working hours A large
number of our employees will kill time
at every opportunity they can find.
Their main object in life seems to be to
hear the whistle blow. They have nei-
Their an interest in their work or their
employers. have been employing men
in Chicago for nearly a third Of a cen
fury, and it is within the last ten years
that this spirit has developed. Previous
to that time our men were not afraid
OF doing something for which they would
not be paid. They worked five minutes
after quitting time if it was necessary
to complete a task Now they have
their coats ON and are ready to bolt five
minutes before the whistle blows. The
old spirit of loyalty to the employer
seems to have given place to one of ami
mostly"
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10
Spraying Kills Apple scab.

Experiments at the Ohio station have
demonstrated clearly that the apple
scab is the chief factor in the destruc-
ton of the apple crop. and that this
fungus can be kept under control by
spraying. Four splendid successive
crops were produced on the sprayed
trees at the station, While the fruit ON
the unsprayed trees in the same and
neighboring orchards was worth less.
The director, Prof. Thorne however.
calls attention to the fact that eXhaus-
ton of soil fertility, want of water and
insect ravages may all cooperate with
scab or other fungus growth in short
ening the crop, and says: "If our or
chards are again to produce the great
crops of earlier days, we must, in so
far as possible, restore the soil condi-
tons of those days; we must avoid the
waste of water in these sections where
rainfall is scanty by preventing the
growth under the trees of weeds or
grass, and by keeping the surface in such
condition as to prevent rapid evapora-
ton"
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10

Ing. III MS CuOSSu
vocation is that of steam engineering he
will be given theoretical knowledge CT
the construction of a steam engine.
Given tools and time enough, he might
build an engine, while the man who
learns his trade by practical expert
ence will do better work with the engine
after it is built.
In the printing trades the cid method
made of every journeyman master of
all branches He could set the type,
make up the forms, run the press or feed
it. He was competent workman either
at Job, book or newspaper work. To-
day he may, in general way, learn
something of all these things, but after
he has completed his apprenticeship he
settles down to some one line, and either
becomes an expert machine operator, a
proficient job man OF makeup. Or, if he
takes more to machinery, he drifts into
the pressrocms, and after serving yir-
tually another apprenticeship becomes
a pressman.
The same is true in practically all the
trades in the city, and while there is
more money to be made as specialist,
while serving as journeyman, the
system does not make competent gen
eral superintendents, and it is becoming
harder and harder to secure men fitted
for such positions.
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10

rently, to Danish the troubles that wait
on statecraft.
The German kaiser is a keen and
skilled performer with the gun, and
his proves is the more remarkable
because one hand is comparatively use
less. He has remarkable endurance
and he, too, uses shooting as an anti
dote to the worry of affairs. His sons
or the elder ones. to be exact-are
credited with more than common ca
pacity. One CT them was shooting in
England last year on the estates of the
duke of Buccleuch, where his work
with the gun was commented upon
very favorably.
Part of a French presidents duties
would seem to lie among the phea-
SAINTS The writer has seen the late
French president, Felix Fau1e, shoot
ing at Rambouillet; the biograph had
preserved the scene, and a music hall
presented 1t 10 London A loader in
uniform looked after the second gun
Of M. lie President; enc or two officers
correctly attired stood stiffly by his
side; and the birds went hard down
wind, or seemed to. The president
shot severely and without emotion;
amid the noise of battle he was pro.
foundly calm. Perhaps it was the
proper official attitude; perhaps he was
conscious of his biographer. vi Lou
bet does not look as if he would great
Iy enjoy battue but doubtless he does
his duty when France calls upon him
TO shoot pheasants.
tits more than likely that the car
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10

handles to center piece; for back braces
take two pieces OF old wagon-tire two.
and one-half feet long. fasten to each.
outside piece at back end, punch four
holes in each brace and bolt to center
piece; by punching several holes in the,
back braces you can widen or close.
the weeder to suit the width of row.:
Join handles to center piece and brace
handles as shown in cut; take u har-
row teeth and shape like shovel plow,
saw notch on outside piece two-thirds
the depth of tooth, fasten teeth with
bolts by boring one hole through the
outside piece and another half way, in
the form of staple; by this method you
can raise or lower the teeth as desired.
A. L. Craig. in Epitomist
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10

among his subjects at the Tir aux
Pigeons at Cascaes or elsewhere in his
own domin;ons, nearly always winning
the prize and never taking it. When
Dom Carlos was in England he was
recognized by all who had the privi-
lege of seeing his performances as
man who had nothing to fear by com
parison with that country's finest
shots.
The king of Spain, Alfonso KILL. is
devoted to the gun, and is never hap
pier than when, on the preserves of the
Pardo, he is in pursuit of all that runs
or flies. This relaxation is very neces-
sary, for the young monarch's health
has given great uneasiness to his i'm
mediate circle People round him
realize that Madrid is no place for
the young king; that his best chance
of health will come in open air and, in
cidentally, as far from Madrid as pos
sible. His love OF sport may We. keep
him from the trouble that took his
father from The throne
Gustave, crown prince of Sweden
and duke of Wermland. whose we'll
laden boat testiies at once to his gifts
as sportsman and the quality of the
preserves he has been visiting, is the
eldest son of King Oscar H.
Old King George. CT Saxony, who has
passed his seveatieth year, is still de-
voted to the gun, though he favors the
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10

the lawyer gets his
professional education. There can be
no doubt of the value of the technical
schools, but whether or not the gradu-
ates of these schools are superior work
men to those who served apprentice
ships under the old system is de-
batable question. The head of one of
the largest Chicago manufacturing es-
Establishments says he much prefers men
who have gained their knowledge and
ability by actual working experience to
those who have studied textbooks This
man employs thousands of trained
workmen, men who must operate intri-
cate machines and build other intricate
machines, and he gives it as his expert
ence that while the graduate of the tech
nical school is more thorough scholar,
and has far wider range of book learn
ing, he is not nearly so competent
workman as the graduated apprentice,
and at the same time his textbook
knowledge is very apt to make him so
conceited as to make his services even
less valuable than they otherwise would
be.
A resident of this city was recently
arranging to go west to inspect some
mining properties, and was consulting
western mining expert. During the
conversation he said to the expert that
he had arranged to take with him man
of trained ability in mine engineering,
a graduate of local technical school.
Don't do it, said the expert. when
you get out there, ask for Jerry White
He is not much on book learning, but he
knows more about a mine in one min
ute than your graduate does in month
He is product of the school of expert
ence."
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10

comfortable fashion of sitting in car
riage and rising wnen the birds begin
to come over Probably the excitement
is no less.
Many of Europe's monarchs keep
enormous game preserves for their
pleasure and that of their royal guests
for European monarchs are noted Wis.
itors.
On royal preserve every precau-
ton is taken to maintain complete
privacy. Experienced foresters and
huntsmen alone are permitted to pene-
trate into the vast coverts where the
wild boar and the deer dwell in fan
cied security. No unauthorized visi-
tor can hope to venture unchallenged
far beyond the outskirts of the pre-.
serves at any season. The great day,
or week, of the year arrives, and for
brief space no sanctuary of the wood
land is inviolate: there are beaters
everywhere, and great masses of game
are driven before the guns along paths
that the head huntsman has mapped
out A vast bag is made, the hunting
lodge wakes to few days of gaiety-
gaiety that is silenced only when
questions of high polic.s claim discus.
SIGN; and then the royal party breaks
up. The forest RECEIVERS its accustomed
serenity: the Survivors of the great
days find their way back to favored
haunts; their terror or nervousness
passes away as week succeeds to week
leaving them undisturbed, the advent
of the spring finds all their troubles
forgotten.
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10

800 = Wv '-' of the closed play
houses. Buyers from the country, who
make their spring business trip to the
city serve also as holiday, are passing
Chicago by and going to other whole
sale markets, where they can attend the
shows during the evenings. This is
hard on both the wholesalers and the ho-
tel men. Pleasure seekers from the
country, people who come to the city
on pleasure trips and patronize the re-
tail stores while here, are staying at
home, or going elsewhere. And all Chi
cago seems to have shut itself in the
house. At night the downtown streets
are deserted. Night suburban trains on
the railroads are not carrying passengers
enough to pay the train crews. The liv-
erymen find no demand for thei: car
riages. The fashionable after-the- thea
ter restaurants are unpatronized. The
hotels have lost the business derived
from catering to the theatrical COM
panies, and business in general seems
paralyzed.
In the meantime the owners of &c
play houses are waiting to know thei,
fate from the city council. Churches ane
halls are being forced to- make changes
so as to comply with the city ordinances
and the coroner is trying to locate the
blame for the Iroquois fire, in which
593 lives We're lost by someone's care
lessness.
WRIGHT A. PATTERSON.
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10
Growing Medicinal Planes.

The extensive imports of leading
drugs, exceeding 100000 annually.
have led the department of agriculture
to STUDY the possibility of prontab:y
producing some OF these at home. The
cultivation of golden seal, snake root
and similar native drug plants, which
are becoming eXterminated in the wild
state, has been begun on small scale.
The lelayes of plants like stramonium
cannot be produced profitably unless,
grown where land and labor are cheap.
Experiments in curing leaves with arts-
fetal heat gave promising results.
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10

IL u v . q DASs Nv
passing of the individual employer
marked the opening of the contest be-
tween capital and labor.
The whole manufacturing interests
of the city has not yet been consolidated
into trusts. There are still hundreds OF
individual employers, but the rules OF
the unions are applied Unfortunately.
and the individual employer who would
much prefer the old system of give and
take with his employees finds the new
system is at work in his plant quite as
much as it is in that of the trust, and in
sheer self-defense he is forced to drop
the democratic ways of the past and in
stitute rigid working rules to combat
the rules of the unions.
The same spirit has invaded the Offices
SO far as the city-born employee is con-
cerned. 1t is for this reason that the
merchants, the brokers, the La Sale
street interests are seeking intelligent
young men from the country more than
ever
The head of the Chicago branch of a
big insurance company said to ne a
few days ago that the most trustworthy
clerks he had in his office were from the
country. Men who had remained on
the farm or in the villages until their
life habits had been formed "rhey Go
not have to be watched to keep them at
work. said he. They are interested
in what they are doing. Their depart
ments are never behind. cannot say
nearly SO much for the city-born man"
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10
NEW MILKING MACHINE.
Pennsylvania Inventors Unique De
vice Prevents Contact of Milk
with the Atmosphere.

With the recent report of state
health board official that an epidemic
of fever in one OF cur largest cities could
be traced directly to a case in the family
OF milk dealer in that locality, the
urgent necessity for sanitary inspection
OF the milk supply is again made appar-
ent to even those individuals who are
rather inclined to scott at such advanced
and scientific theories. No doubt, the
time will come when all milk will have
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10
What the Law Decides.

A statue permitting the sale at auc-
ton of trespassing animals after the
posting for ten days by the proper Of
hcer of notice that the animals had
been impounded, and are detained for
a certain amount of damages and costs,
without providing any judicial proceed
ing to ascertain either the damages to
be paid or whether or not the animals
We're in fact running at large within
the meaning of the statute, is held, in
Greer VS.. Downey (Ariz.), 81 L. r. A.
4OS, to be void as depriving the owner
of his property without due process of
law Chicago News.
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10
HOMEMADE wEEDER.
Simple Implement Which Reduces
Labor Expended in Garden Work
to n Minimum.

Takethree pieces of oak, three by three.
three feet long, make front ends of OUT
size pieces round and bolt all three to-.
gether with two strips of iron at 'front.'.
one on top, the other on bottom, so out
side pieces will work on hinge fasten
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10

fected general bust
II e S S conditions.
The clamor foe
permission to ~.
open has come froln
the retail mer.
chants, the whole
sale merchants, the
restaurant and ho-
tel proprietors, the
railroads and the
liverymen quite as
much as from the
theatrical inter-
ests. All lines are
c,,ffar;nu hcoanco
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1904-02-10

part, 10 tDs trades
unions. Another
part may be attrib-
uted TO the employ
ing classes. When
combinations be-
gan to be the order
of the day the indi-
vidual employee was
lost sight OF by the
employer. He was
one of 10000 per-
haps. and he was
not con S d e / ed
w h e n a cut in
wages was thought
~ Il NJ q ln1a The