Evening star., 1904-04-27
with oolonnadest fouysaans. plants and fiow-

er9. s~
Little effort has be1u made to secure con-
other collectfoHiof Indian antiquities, tech
noiogy, archa etAogy, ;mineralogy and other
natura! science4 antcompare with It. 1t Is
under the special patronage OF the viceroy,
usefulness andA increasing its treasures.
while Lady Curzon as the patroness OF tho
SCHOOL OF design cSpnected with 1T. In
this school a1Nht Three toundred young
paratively nttle attention IL given to the
fine arts. There arera few native portrait
painters. and Aave,aeen some clever water
colors from the brushes Of natives. But in
the industrial arts they excel. and this inst1-
tute Is maintained under government pat
ronage for the purpose Of training the eyes
and the hands,sof designers and artisans.
In the same groupi,of buildings are the
reaus of the government, which are quite
as progressive and learned as our own
A nttie farther up the famous street are
the headquarters Of the Asfatic Society. one
OF the Oldest and most enterpristng learned
societies In the world, whose journals and
proceedings for the last century are ii
brary In themselves and contain about all
that anybody would ever want to know con-
cerE1ng the history. literature. antiquities.
resources and people of India Here also is
a collection of 10000 manuscripts, Sanskrit,
PERSIAN, Arabic, Hindustani and of the
other oriental languages.
calcutta, considering the enormous popula-
ton ana the conditions In which they live.
1here are, however, several hundred thou
SAND people who would starve to death
upon their present income If they lived in
the United States or in any of the Euro
pean countries. but here 1t costs so little
TO sustain life and a penny goes so far that
what the American working man would call
ab1ect destttution Is an abundance. Give
a Hindu a few farthings and a sheet of
white cotton and he will be comfortable
and contented.
Notwithstanding the vast and ever
peril from plague and famine, the gov
ernment does not encourage emigration,
as you think would be considered a wise
policy. but retards 1t by all sorts Of regu-
to drive the Hindus out of the wreched
novels In which they live and thrive and
breed IKE rats or rabbits. The more
Wretched and comfortless a home, the
less they have to leave the more reluct-
ant they are to leave 1t, but the same
rule applies to every race and every ma
tion In the south of Europe and the Turk
ish empire, in Syria, Egypt and wher-
ever the population is dense and wages
are low. 1t is the semi-prosperous mid
die class who emigrate in the hope of
bettering their condition.
Emigration From India.
There is less emigration from India
than from any other country. During
the last twenty years the total number of
persons emigrating from the Indian en-
pire was only 310,349-less than come to
the United States annually from Italy,
and the statistics show that 13S,66O of
these persons returned to their former
homes during that period, leaving the
net emigration since 1882 only 1T, $50 out
of 3O0,00O,0OO Of population. And most of
these settled in other British colonies.
We have a few Hindu merchants and
Parsees in the United States, but no COO
lies whatever. The coolies are working
classes that have gone to British Guiana,
Trinidad, Jamaica and other West Indies,
Natal. East Africa, Fill and other British
possessions in the Pacific. There has been
forth between India and Burma and Cey-
lon. for In those provinces labor Is scarce
wages are high and large numbers of
H1ndus are employed in the rice paddles
and tea plantations,
The government prevents irregular
emigration. 1T has a "protectorate of
emigrants.' who is intrusted with the
enforcement Of theIaws. Natives of In
dia are not permitted to leave the coun-
try unless they are certain of obtaining
employment at the, place where they de-
sire to CO. and even then each intending
emigrant must file copy of his contract
with the commissioner in order that he
may be looked after in his new home for
the Indian government always sends an
agent to protect the interests of it's COO
lies to every country where they have
gone IN any considerable numbers. Every
intending emigrant must submit to a
medical examination also, for the naviga-
tion laws prohibit vessels from taking
ABOARD any native who does not show a
certlncate from an official that he Is in
full possession of his health and facul-
ties and physically fit to earn his living
in strange country. Vessels carrying
emlgrants are subject to inspection and
fn toly
require them to observe certain rules re-
gard1ng space occupied, ventilation sani-
tation and the supply of food and water.
Most OF the emigrants leaving India go
out under contract, and the terms must
be approved by the agent of the govern
ment.