The copper era., 1904-02-11
REVIEW OF THE SITUATION
 AND CAUSES OF THE VAR.
4 Timely Summary Ot the Far Eastern Problem, Its Basis, Its Factors, and
 Its Probable Outcome.

Cl tIcl.iF D-LEEtA iAA--.st oA- ' f'I'A''f writes J. Sloat Fas5ett ia the Review of Reviews. is the failure Of Russia to evacuate Mauch1~ia and JaTau'- de- termination to know. if possible what Ru--is's future purposes are with ref erencc To Marchuria and to Korea: for while Ru--ia has been busy 7treugtn- cniug Lcr-ef in Nanchuria, she ha- been equally buy cuteayorilg t' strengthen herself in Korea, and in view of the centuries of continuous expansion Of Russia. Japan may well be excused for being ucrvoI-.
 Japan has proposed Una, Ha--la -ha.. recognize her interests iu Korea a- paramount, in return for 'ae recoG- milton by Japan Of the paramoantrg Of Russian rights ia Korea -ha. b. g. liberally recognized a7 Japana-e rirAt- in Manchuria.
 Russia insists that -he will not dis- cu-s Manchur.au questions with Japan. but that she will consider practica. division of Korea. This proposition, naturally, is wholly unacceptable to Japan.
 WHY RUSSIA SEEKS KOREA.
 The reason for RI-sia's persistent aggression toward Korea must De sought in her commercial interests. Russia desires Korea in order 10 open a way by land 10 7caports which -halI be open the year round. Neither Via diyostock nor Daisy nor Port Arthur are such ports. The very improve mcnts at Daisy have made it easier for the sea To freeze up.
 At enormous expense, Russia has al- most completed railroad across Asia, only to find herself with i,s terminal in wintcr-lccled harbor7 To find an open harbor Russia must either take possession, in China, uf some har5or as far soath d. Chefu, or she must take preseason of Korea a. Tar south d. Chemulpo. Rus~ia'7 only need of Ko- req is military and commercial.
 She does not need Korea a. an out let for her surplus population. She does not need the mines of Korea, nor does she need any power which might come from the accession of the NO- rcans to the Russia throne. She needs an outlet. Russia i-, by reason of the very expenditures she has made in Manchuria, more determined than eyer to be free to find open access to the waters Of the Pacific Ocean.
 WHY KOREA IS NECESSARY TO JAPAN.
 Japan desires Korea because her population is crowdiug the home island and must have a place in which to overflow; because the climate, the soil, the products, the environment generally, are little different from those at home. and hence would make an attractive place for this overflow. Also, she wants Korea because she cannot afford to have Korea in the possession Of her arch enemy, Russia 1T Russia should take Korea, it would bring the Northern Bear to the very portals of the household oi Japan.
 In addition 10 her fine, ice-free har- bors, which Russia wants, and access to which she is determined to have, Korea commands the Yellow Sea and the Japan Sea, and Russia wants no aggressive power like Japan occupy ing the position Korea commands. l Korea has fertile fields. genial climate, l unsurpassed fisheries, rich m.ne-, and ! room for growth. Japan wants these, ! as well as q place Co meet the aggre-- l sions Of the SIav. Besides, Korea in ! Russia hands means a dagger pointed 1 al the hear5 of Japan.
 IL is life-auu-death struggle for l Japan. She may b. only teintjng and !. diplomatizing in demanding guaraG- 1 tees a- to trade and privileges in Man churia and insisting upon her rights in that province, althou gh her com . mercIal transactions with the people 1 Of Manchuria outweigh those of all ! other nations combined; but as to Eo- l req, there is no room for diploma- 1 tiling. The vital importance to Japan ! of this peninsula is realized by the ! whole people. from the throne to the 1 Japanese fishermen. The Japauc-e . people are passionate unit upon this . point. and whatever else may b, said ] or done. there will b.. desperate war, ! before Japan will willingly consent to ] seeing Korea in tue possession and l control of Russia.
 INr"RNArlONAL CoNsEQUENCa.S OF !
 WAR.
 Japan wants the integrity of China . maintained, the control O, China in !. Manchuria re-established, and the ]. commercial door in the entire empire i kept open. Japan is willing to respect 1, the paramount interests Of R Issia in | Manchuria, subject to Chiua's admin istration, in cxchahgc for Russia's ! recognising the similar paramolntcy ] of Japanese interests in Korea Up to l this time. Russia refuses 10 accede Co . these demands Of Japan. Behind all the :. play and couuterplay of diplomatic !. events. behind all the answers and 1. reports Of strenuous Jap and streuuou, i. Slav, behind the alleged solicitude for open doors, Korean and Chinese integ . rity; there pace the fierce figures of na- ! tional ambitions, national necessities. ] and national jeaIousies.
 TTnlssS the world forbid it Russia and ,