The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-09-26

lit levfeS dutleS on many artlcleS not normally imported in any considerable amount. which are made extensively lat home, for which the most ,x,reme lprotectionist would hardly justify rro- Itective taxes, and which in large lamounts are exported. Such duties lhave been and will continue to be a tdirect incentive to the formation of huge industrial combinations. which, lsecure from foreign competition, are lenabled to sti1e domestic competition and practically to monopolize the home market.
 It contains many duties imposed for the express purpose only. as was open Fly avowed, of furnishing a basis for lreductton by means of reciprocal trade ltreaties, which the Republican admin listration. impliedly at least, promised to negotiate. Having. on this promise lsecured the increased duties, the Re- publican Party leaders spurred on by protected interests, defeated the treaties negotiated by the Executive, land now these same interests cling to the benefit of these duties which the people never intended they should have, and to which they have no moral right
 Even now the argument most fre- Iquently urged in behalf of the Dingley tariff, and against tariff reform gem orally, is the necessity of caring for our infant industries. Many of these in- dustries, after a hundred years of lusty growth. are looming up as industrial giants. In their case, at least, the Dingley tariff invites combination and monopoly, and gives Justification to the depression that the tariff is the mother Iof trusts.
 For the above mentioned reasons, among many others. the people de- mand reform of these abuses, and such reform demands and should receive i'm mediate attention.
 The two leading parties have always differed as to the principle of customs taxation. Our party has always ad- vanced the theory that the object Is the raising of revenue for support of the Government whatever other results may incidentally flow therefrom. The Republican Party, on the other hand. contends that customs duties should be levied primarily for protection, so-call- ed, with revenue as the subordinate purpose. thus using the power of tax alton to build up the business and property of the few at the expense of the many.
 This difference of principle still sub sists, but our party appreciates that the long continued policy of the coun- try as manifested in It's statutes, makes lit necessary that tariff reform should be prudently and sagaciously under taken, on scientific principles, to the end that there should not be an im- mediate revolution in existing condi- tions.
 In the words of our platform we de- mand "a revision and a gradual reduc- tion of the tariff by the friends of the masses. and for the common veal. and not by the friends of its abuses, its lextortions and discriminations. | It Is true that the Republicans, wh& do not admit in their platform that the lDingley tariff needs the slightest alter ation, are likely to retain a majority of the Federal Senate throughout the next l Presidential term, and could, therefore, If they chose, block every attempt at Legislative relief. But 1t should be re- lmembered that the Republican Party includes many revisionists, and l be- lieve 1t will shrink from defying the popular will expressed enthusiastically and peremptorily at the ballot box.
 The people demand reform of exist ing conditions. Since the last Demo- cratic administration the cost of living has grievously increased. Those hay ing fixed incomes have suffered keenly; those iiivng on wages. if there has been any increase, know that such increase has not kept pace with the advance Tn the cost of living, including rent and the necessaries of life Many today are out of work, unable to secure any wages at all To alleviate these con- ditions, in so far as Is in our power should be our earnest endeavor'
 Trust Remedies.
 pointed out in my earlier response the remedy, which in my judgment, can effectually be applied against monopo- lies, and the assurance was then given that If existing laws, including both statute and common law, proved in- adequate contrary to my expectations favor such further legislation. within constitutional limitations. as will best promote and safeguard tho interests Of all the people.
 which can be applied and enforced by the Federal courts. cannot be deter mined by the President, or by can didate for the Presidency.
 The determination of this question was left by the people in framing the Constitution, to the judiciary and not to the executive The Supreme Court of the United States has recently con- sidered this question, and. in the case of the Western Union Telegraph Company vs. The Call Publishing Company, to be found in the one hun dred and eighty-first volume of the United States Supreme Court reports at page 92, 1t decided that common law principles could be applied by United States courts in cases involving Interstate Commerce in the absence of United States statutes specifically covering the case. Such Is the law Ui the land.
 Reciprocity.
 In my address to the Notification Committee I said that tarin reform '1i demanded by the best interests of botf manufacturer and consumer" Witt equal truth 1t can be said that the benefits of reciprocal trade treatie: would enure to both. That the con. sumner would be helped is unquestion able That the manufacturer woult receive great benefit by extending hi. market abroad hardly needs demon. stration. His productive capacity ha. outgrown the home market. The very term Home Market" has changed ir it's significance. Once. from the manufacturers point of view, 1t meant expansions: today the marvellou. growth of our manufacturing indus. tries has far exceeded the consumptive capacity of our domestic markets, dnC the term Home Market implies con. traction, rather than expansion. If wC would run our mills to their full ca. pacity, thus giving steady employment to our workmen and securing to then and to the manufacturer the profits ac. cruing from increased production, other markets must be found. Furthermore when our manufacturers are dependen, on raw materials in whole or part i'm. ported it Is vital to the eXtansioD ot