davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-03-20

the first steamer ever in the river.
Grin, by the water route, is some 200
miles above Hardin. which Prince
Kropotlsin did not even mention In his
account of the trip.
When they were rowed by coolies
across the river to Hardin, the Rus
sian surveyors had this expedition Of
their titled countrynnen recalled to
them by the tales of some of the older
inhabitants about white man, such
as they were, who years before had
steamed past their village on his way
UP the river, and who several weeks
later steamed past again, this time
down stream.
The Russians at once realized that
they had crossed the river at a navi-
gable point, and were not slow in
grasping the opportunity. They knew
that their government was DESTROYS
of rushing the building Of the rail-
road with all possible speed. The
Sungari was navigable for steamers Of
considerable draught from far above
the point where the line would cross
1t. The Amur was navigable thence
to KhabaroVsk, the nothern terminus
of the Ussuri branch Of the Trans
Siberian railway, the southern termi-
nus Of which is Vladivostek. To
this port the American rails and other
supplies for the new line We're to be
shipped. Nothing would be easier
than to send large quantities of the
supplies over the Ussuri railway to
Khabarovsk, load them on steamers
there, ship them up the Anur and the
Sungari to Hardin, and there start
building the line both toward Vladf-
vostok eastward and through Manchu-
ria westward straight for the Trans
Raikal link of the Siberian road. So
the initial step in the booming of Har-
bin was taken: in the language of the
official report, it was made "the head
quarters of the central department for
the construction Of the East Chinese
railway"
After that history was made at a
rapid rate in Hardin. River steamer
after river steamer dumped it's cargo
of rails, bridge work and other ma
teriaIs along the river bank; bridge
smiths, carpenters, linenen, railway
eountants, arrived In great numbers
from Russia; and hundreds of coolies
-Chinese,S Manchus, Koreans, Solons,
Colds, Buriats, and what not-attract-
ed by the prospect of remunerative
work, invaded the little town. Har-
bin leaped over night from fishing
village of a few hundred souls to a
humming railroad center of several
thousand.
Then, while the railroad was being
pushed with feverish haste across the
plains in either direction. and the
foundations fer the great bridge
across the Sungari were rapidly being
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-03-20

a MONG' the elements which con-
~ tributed to the success Of Will
liam Collins Whitney, the dead f1nan-
cier, statesman, politician, sportsman,
the chief was his ability to tell what
was bone and what was flesh in hui
man nature. "He could size any one
up" as a close friend of his once said,
$50 that at a glance he had an X-ray
photograph of a man."
A striking Illustration of the way
Mr. Whitney could read men is to be
found in his first meeting with III. H.
Vreeland, the president of the Metro
poIitan Street Railroad company. One
day Mr.. Whitney was making a tour
of inspection of the Putnam division Of
the New York Central railroad Sew
eral other inspectors of the road We're
also in the party. When Mr.. Whitney
asked his fellow passengers for details
concerning the operation of the road,
the number of trains, the average pas
senger business, they almost always an
sWered:
Dunno"
"How can get this information
ASK Vreeland," replied one.
Vreeland was the conductor. a tall,
raw-boned man, who had just passed
through the car.
I'D like to see Vreeland," said Mr..
Whitney, and Mr.. Yreeland was sent
for. The two men talked for several
minutes, and then Vreeland said:
Pardon me, Mr.. Whitney, but you
will have to excuse me. I've got to
look after my train" Months passed,
and Mr.. Vreeiand received a telegram
from Mr.. Whitney inviting him to call
at his office. Vreeland had been pro-
NOTED to assistant general manager by
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-03-20


laid, word reached the Liaotung penin-
sula. for. a period of twenty-five years
from the Chinese imperial govern
ment, and road was to be run to
Port Arthur, on the peninsula's tip,
from a point on the East Chinese rail-
way, and the junction was to be at.
Hardin. Surveyors were 1imne dfately
sent out from Hardin, and, as result.
In a few months material was coming.
in greater quantity than ever by
steamer, more artisans were arriving
from Russia and fiocking from the
towns Of Central Manchuria, and more
coolies by the thousand were being
employed, for two railways were now
being built out of Hardin instead OF
one. ~ - 80 .so1Ie
In the meantime the, railway admin
istrator, who had practical authority
over Hardin, though Manchuria Off
Gals We're in nominal control, had.
solved the problem of supplying the
ever-growing town and the railroads
builders with food Stuffs. Hardin is
situated in the heart of the. most pro-
ductive part of Manchuria. A fertile
plain stretches for miles to the south,
and a much larger one, with great for
ests, to the northwest. Almost every
thing is raised on them in abundance
wheat, rye, corn, oats, barley, rice,
grasses. vegetables and fruits-and
each plain is tapped by nayigable r1v-
ers, the southern by the Sungarl the
northern by the Nonni, which empties
into the Sungari at Bodune, fifty miles
above Hardin. ALL this the Russians
found out as they went from Har-
bin to build the railway and soon
down the rivers came supplies In am
pie quantity, brought by Chinese farm
,ers, who had been told Of the prom
Using new market for their products,
and by Russian steamers sent into the
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-03-20

Whitney and his son Harry both had
entries. The fathers mare, Gunf1re,
was pitted against the sons colt, Irish
Lad. The two men stood close to-
gether throughout the race, each WITH
eyes intent upon the flying horses, and,
when at last they swept past the grand
stand, and Irish Lad nosed out Gunflre,
the father turned toward his son, clap
ped him heartily on the back, and said
with a, CHEEKY laugh:
"TIl have try at you again some
day, my boy; and I'll give you such a
| beating as you deserve for so unmerc1-
fully treuncing your father in public
manner like this. 1t was great race,
and, as Sir Thomas would say, the best
boat won.''
When victorious at the track, Mr..
| Whitney not only showed his keen ap-
probation of sport, but his generosity.
| The street car magnate not only made
money fast, but on proper occasions
he spent it lavish1y. When the news
of the triumph of his Voledyevsd In
England on Derby day of 1901 was
I flashed across the ocean to Mr.. w hit
ney at his home, in Sixty eighth street,
| he Immediately telegraphed to Graves
| end, where his Haneverian hlly Morn
| ingside was entered in one of the races,
| the following dispatch:
\ S-~~
triumph for John B. Higgins, who has
so many friends among racing people
| that would be pleased If you will have
Higgins Punch free to all as a. trib-
ute to his skill.
| Copies of the telegram were posted
! in various parts of the grandstand, and
everybody suddenly became thirsty.
When the punch gave out the caterer
opened champagne,sam hundreds drank
| it from beer glasses. Winners drank
| it in celebration, losers in consolation,
and all classes praised Mr. Whitney.
| Mr.. Whitney's mind worked rapidly,
and it was for this reason that he
| seemed to have so much spare time.
He could work cut problem quickly,
| and then permit his brain to relax with
| a period of diversion. His quickness
OF intellect was seen in his epigram-
matte remarks which often had a hui
| morous turn.
Not many days before his death he
/ made visit to the office OF Thomas +.
Ryan, one of his business associates.
The Office is ON the fourteenth floor OF
thu Broad-Exehange building Mr.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-03-20
BY IVAN vANNEKoFF.

BY IVAN VANNEKOFF.
kkA A ITTHIN thirty versts Of the
sW town of Khulinchen (pop-
w ulation 100000 the line
crosses the River Sungari near the
settlement of Kharbin;" so runs the
official report of the survey of the
East Chinese railway, the Manchu-
Tian branch of the Trans-S Siberian
railroad.
The survey and the subsequent re-
port to the car were made in 1898.
In just six years Hardin, Russia's far
eastern base in her war with Japan.
has sprsing from the proportions of a
fishing hamlet, with few of it's Man
schurian population engaged in press
ing oil from peas and beans, and dis
tilling q bad brand Of brandy, to a
fourishing, bustling city of 125,o00.
There are $4,000 Russians, not includ-
ing the soldiery, and the rest are Chi
nese, with a few Manchus. Each race
has its own section Of the city, the
sManchus still occupying the original
portion, around which the greater
Hardin has been built. But despite
these racial divisions Hardin is a rep
resentative boom town, a Wild
West" town in every sense even to
it's bad men, who, UP to the outbreak
Nof hostilities, thought nothing OF
zshooth ing up the town on occasion.
The romantic story of the Hardin
of today begins with the survey of
the East Chinese, or Manchurian,
branch of the Trans Siberian railway.
THE Russian engineers engaged in the
iwerks started across Manchuria from
the Trans-BaikaI provinces, working
Eastward in as straight a line as pos
ssible toward Vladivostok. This de-
termination to run a bee line to the
Pacific brought them in time to the
western banks Of the principal river of
Manchuria-the Sungari. Opposite
them lay the scattered mud-house set
Element of Hardin; twenty miles far
.ther down the river was the city of
KhuIinehen An American surveying
party would have made a detour to
tap so f1ourishing commercial CEN
ter, but not so the Russians. Hardin
was in front of them, it was on a di-
rect line with Vladivostok, the road
would cross the river at Hardin, and
twenty miles would be saved.
In 1864 Prince Kropotkin, the noted
Russian traveller, made an extensive
trip of exploration in Manchuria
Among other things he entered the
Sungari river where it empties into
the Amur and went UP that river to
the head Of navigation, at Grin, in
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-03-20

commit murder. Then Sheng got a
reply ordering himself to execute him
self. Sheng decided that it was no
use to parley further with Picking au-
thorities, and promptly went over to
the Russians, bag and baggage, and
his advice did a lot toward keeping
the besieging Boxers at a respectable
distance.
The ease with which several hum
dren men stood off several thousand
for half year at once attracted the
attention of the Russian strategists to
Hardin. They reported 1T easy of
defense, commanding, as 1t does, the
river and the plains in all directions,
and g. splendid base in case of war,
by reason OF the fertile and wooded
country round about, accessible by
both water and rail.
Russia had not then made the first
Of the series of her promises to get
out OF Manehuria, and Immediately
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-03-20

following the report of the Russian
strategists to st. Petersburg, Hardin
experienced a boom Of such proper
lions as to make her first one seem
insignificant. Where one Russian arti-
san had come from his native land be-
fore fifty now came, and they and the
Chinese worknen, who literally ffeeked
to Hardin in droyeS, not only erected
great railroad shops and terminals,
but rushed up scores of administrative,
buildings, solid blocks of business
houses and row after row Of resi-
denceS.
+ Not only that. Industries, backed
by both Russian and Chinese capital,
sprang into full blast every bit as
observation-disclosures those capable
of furnishing an army with the neces-
sary eemmissary supplies. In six years
ten flour mills have been established,
with an aggregate daily output of
LOCO, 600 pounds of flour; a half million
dollars are invested in meat packer1eS,
cattle and hogs being extensively
raised on the plains around Hardin;
and the city has been built from the
brick manufactured there and the lum-
her cut and sawed in the great neigh
boring forests to the north and north
west. In the last four years the official
reports show that the Russian govern
ment has spent nearly $16,000,0OO In
Hardin, and that Chinese and private
capital invested there aggregates $25,-
O00,OOO-a grand total Of $41,O0O,O0O
Up to the very day Of the outbreak
of hostilitfes, the boom was still on,
apparently undiminished in vfger, the
city resounding with the constant din
of tools all day long and far into the
night, when electric lights guided the
regiments of workers.
Naturally, Harbin's rapid growth has
attracted to it many bad elements, as
in the case with new towns in the
wild West" of the United States. In
deed, Hardin is a wild West" town Of
the Orient.
Manchuria is infested with khun-
khuz-red- bearded Manchu br1gands-
who. until the Russians came into the
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-03-20

plains country to buy foodstuffs at the
villages along the river bank. Conse-.
quently, when, in 1900, 5000 Boxers
besieged the town for six months, I'M
til the approach of three Russian re-
lief expeditions, more than enough
supplies had been accumulated to car
ry the besieged safely through on lib
eral rations.
At the time Of the siege $50 foreign
ers, mostly Russians, were left in the
town; the rest were scattered along
the lines of the building railways. They
directed the defense, and in this they
were aided by Sheng, the Chinese COM
mander- in chief, of Tonewaugho
Sheng. on the outbreak Of the Boxer
movement, received orders from Pc
king to kill all the foreigners In his dis
trict. Sheng liked the Russians; ne
sent back word that he had, neither
guns nor bullets with which to obey
the order, and il he had. he wouldn't
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-03-20

Whitney was not IN the habit Of going
downtown often, and he would not have
gone into the Broad Exchange build
ing If he had not happened to be in the
vicinity.
Mr.. whftney's companion went
ahead and pushed against the left hand
door. AS it was built to swing out, the
door stuck. Mr. Whitney grasped the
handle of the right door, and. glancing
up at the letters printed on the glass
panels Of the two doors, he asked:
DO you see those words?"
The friend looked, and saw on the
right hand the word IN, and on the LETT
the word out spelled backward, SO that
it read TUO.
81 am surprised" said Mr.. Whitney,
"that you should take the wrong door,
when those words are printed there"
81 didn't see then, was the reply,
IT thought
"You ought to have known intuo-
lively" interrupted Mr.. Whitney.
When Mr. Whitney was secretary OF
the navy he was noted for the brief,
quick way with which he dispatched
business He found the department
full of dead wood" as he once ex-
pressed 1t, and-was compelled to do a.
lot of "chopping before he could do any
ploughing" Among other evidences
which Capt. LemIy. the judge adyo-.
cate general of the navy discovered the
other day in overhauling the records.
It was an application Of an inventor
Of a submarine boat to allot $4,000 or
more to test his device This was ME-.
Whitney's Endorsement:
mo, Stree. W. c. W.
In the campaign of 1896 he sized up
the Democratic situation in these
words:
1.-The Democrats have no man and no
ISSUE
Mr.. Whitney's death was a complete
surprise to his most intimate friends,
for the reason that he had preserved
the strength and suppleness OF his
youth by constant exercise and by out
door sports. Two years ago, when he
retired from active business, he said:
e am sixty years old. and am en-
joyfng life thoroughly. I take much
pleasure In the society OF young men,
because I feel SO young myself. Ike
to see them have a. good time
It was this love for an outdoor life
which Led Mr.. Whitney to acquire SO
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-03-20

country passed their days levying
tribute on farmers and isolated vii
lagos. Many of these fellows nave
been drawn to Hardin by the glitter or
gold, and, as they stop at nothing TO
gain their ends, being reckoned among
fine most desperate outlaws in all Asia,
scarcely a day passes without muir
der in the town. 1t has been favorite
sport of many band of these khun-
khuz. mounted on wiry Manchur1an
horses, to charge suddenly through
Harbin's streets, in regular wild West
style, shooting off their rifles, and not
infrequently shooting up drinking
place or whole section OF the cry
that has incurred their disapproval.
Now that Russian soldiers are in Har-
bin in great numbers, perhaps the
khunkhuz have been deprived OF this
part Of their pleasure in life. But a
year or so ago they thought nothing
of defyfng the uniform and the rifle
of the Cossack patrol.
The convict is another dtsquleting
social factor in Hardin. He has been
brought from Siberia for work IN CON
nection with the railroads. and given
freedom in many cases. Indeed 1t Is
no rare thing to find that this or that
official Of the town is an eX-conVlct.
The paroIed white outlaw IS no less
feared than the khunkhuz, and appre-
hension of both has operated to keep
the streets pretty free of pedestrians
AT night. except in the busiest sections
Even there men carry guns, as In the
West. in anticipation of attack and
raids; and they not infrequently JOIN
in the running fights which take place
in the heart of the town between
brigands and convicts and the soldlery.
Taken all in all, life in Hardin IS ex-
tremefy strenuous, and it undoubtedly
grows more so daily, since 1t. is now
Russia,s far Eastern base IN her. war
with Japan-an ideal base from any
point of view. Even if the Japs sue
coed in Gripping the Russian rail-
roads, Hardin will still have her pro-
ductive fisheries and her great wa
terways. which flow through the very
heart of Manchuria's only two really
fertile plains. These rivers are free
of ice from April to October, and for
a wear or more a steamboat company
controlled by the Russian govern
ment, has been regularly engaged In
bringing to Hardin in great quantities
the products of the plains-grafn ana
cattle for the populaee and soldlery
alike. and wiry Manchurian horses,
famous for their staying qualities. for
army transportation and cavalry pur-
poses. In addition to this company
many Individual Cinnamon, encour-
gagged In this carrying trade, and grow
ing rich from it. >
Copyright, 1904. by T. G. McClure9
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-03-20

much land. At his death he was the
owner of twelve fine houses and coun-
try estates. In New York state he
owned more land than any other prf-
vate citizen. His various properties
were as follows:
The Italian Renaissance house In
Fifth avenue.
The Venetian house, In the Wheat
ley Hills, near RosIyn, Long Island, IN
Guiding some 5000 acres.
His Sheepshead Bay house and pri-
yate track, with 300 acres of land.
Trayers Villa, at Newport, which he
had leased for several seasons.
The Berkshire Hills mansion, at Len-
OK, Mass, including TOO acres of land.
Cottage on October mountain. IN the
Berkshires, surrounded by 10000 acres.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-03-20
CHARACTERISTICS OF W. c. WHITNEY
Some Stories That Show the Manner of Man the States.
man, Sportmsan, FnanCier, Was

that time, but still better things were
In store for him. On his visit to Mr..
Whitney's office he wars introduced to
the directors of the West Houston
Street & Pavonia Ferry company, who
informed him they had just elected
him president.
One Of the first men to make a, truth
full assay Of Grover Cleveland was Mr..
Whitney. AT the state Democratic
convention in Syracuse in 1882, when
there was some talk about the "veto
mayor" of Buffalo for governor, Mr..
Whitney approached Daniel Manning,
who was talking with man of rather
formidable stature, and said
THE man who can defeat the Re-
publicans worst is that buxem Buffalo
Democrats want to unite with the New
York county Democracy on Cleveland,
and Well not only elect him governor
this fall, but president a little later. I
have, never met him. but / know he's
all right"
Mr.. Manning smiled, and, turning to
his stout companion, said: MIR Whit
ney. allow me to introduce YOU to Gro
yer Cleveland, of Buffalo"
Mr.. Cleveland was nominated, and
elected by over 100000 majority Three
years later, when he became president
of the United States, he appointed Mr..
Whitney secretary of the navy.
Like many other leaders of finance,
Mr.. Whitney did not do himself what
others could do for him. He made the
plans. Others worked them out. To
such a degree did he delegate labor to
others that some of his friends used to
tell him jokingly that he was lazy. On
one occasion. when some one asked
him how he could amass wealth so rap
Idly and yet so easily, hefeplied:
.sEhe harder g. Jockey pulls on the
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-03-20

Stony Ford farm, Orange county, n.
Y. which was used as an auxiliary TO
his Kentucky stock farm.
Game preserve in the Adirondacks.
including 10000 acres of forest range
stocked with game, and containing
sixty-four lakes and various camps.
Lodge at Blue Mountain lake, with
5000 acres. -,
Blue Grass Farm, in Kentucky, with
5000 acres.
Aiken, S. c., estate including house,
track and 1000 acres Of hunting land.
A shooting box in England.
II your place don't suit you, look
over faThe Globes Paying Wants" You
may find what you want there today;
If not today. tomorrow.
The San Francisco call., 1904-06-12
HELP wANTED-MALE.

. CARPENTERS for country. 50 so day; gang
edserman $50 and beard: machine men,
and lumber sorter $50 and found 2 cross-cut
sawyers $40 and board: logway man. $36 and
found: laborer about mill, 81 % day; porter
and warehouse man. $50 and increase: young
for country store. $15 and found; farm
ers and teamsters. 81 80 day and board and
$40 month: mixers. $50 and $35 and found :
ironer $13 week: about place. $50 and
found: blacksmith So 80 day and board and
So so day: blacksmith's helpers. $50 and S35
and board: porter. S25 and found: cooks,
walters and others. j. It. CROSETT &
CO. Cos Sacramento st
The San Francisco call., 1904-06-12

EMPLOYMENT AGENCY,
F. NJ QUINN. 63S Commercial st.
Phone Main 1191. doors from Kearny.
Special for large mine: 10 woodchoppers,
powder furnished. 81 90 cord. steady work,
south cool climate, any one, ship ship daily,
new work. 1104 miles 1c mile rate Clark
r. r.. San Bernardino Co., ship Monday.
choppers; Nevada, hrs. work ship Monday,
50 10 So 90 day; free fare. near city. cleo
trio r. R.. 10 teamsters. $50: free fare ship
daily, Santa Fe Companys own work: hun
IL noon.
The San Francisco call., 1904-06-12
KELp wANTED-FEMALE-Con.

COOK for small American family In Santa
Cruz, $50; mattresses. same hotel in city,
$50 each; a waitress and parlor maid for
small family in San Mateo, $50; girl for
cooking and housework in family OF
grown persons living in country. wages $3o.
see party here: cook for a small institution
in the city. wages $3S: a girl for cleaning
and sewing in institution, $50. city; q
cook for ranch hands, $50; 20 good house
work girls for city and country, S35 $50 and
$25. MISS PLUNKETT. 425 sutter ST.,
Powell
The San Francisco call., 1904-06-12

TEN Mattresses for summer resorts. springs
and commercial hotels S2b each office hours
S:30 a, m. to 5:30 p. m MISS PLUNKETT.
40 Sutter St, near Powell.
The San Francisco call., 1904-06-12
EMrLoYMSNr wANrnD-MALn.

YOUNG man wants to drive for a wholesal
house. Address box S02 Call Office