The San Francisco call., 1904-12-30
MAKES A PLEA
FOR FILIPINOS
Better Government in the
Islands Desired by East
ern University Professor

CHICAGO, Dec. 29.-Professor Paul
Reihsch of the University of Wiscon-
sin made plea for better government
for the Philippine Islands before the
American Political Science Association
to-day. His subject was Colonial Au-
tonomy."
The speaker declared the United
States is carrying out a mixed policy of
assimilation and autonomy through the
assimilation of our institutions. He as
serted that he did not believe in such
assimilation as would give the Filipinos
statehood, because our experience with
the negroes and Chinese he believed
has shown that there are some races
that will not assimilate.
The afternoon session was devoted to
a discussion of the open and Closed
Shop" papers being read and speeches
made by a number of college professors,
business men and representatives of the
trade unions.
Professor John r. Commons OF the
University of Wisconsin, in discussing
the Causes Of the Union Shop Policy"
said:
The union shop is labor's protective tariff.
II is necessary where that kind of protection
is not found Wages in Government employ
ment depend on politics and universal suffrage
and do not need the protection OF the closed
shop. Railway employment is similar and the
railway brotherhoods are protected by long
line OF promotion, while the scale OF wages
is Issued as a general order by the company
and applies to non-unionists much to
unionlsts
The machinists' union. which is compelled
to protect itself by closed shop agreements in
general manufacturing. makes only open shop
agreements on railroads. Where employment
is In the hanos OF small coInpeIihg cohtractors,
as I'm the building and clothing trades, the
closed shop is necessary The non-union con-
tractor, with cheap and imported labor. would
drive the union contractor out OF business. In
the stove industry, bitumnous coal mines and
others the agreements are open shop. but this
Is because the employers associations are
agreement on all of their MEMBERS which the
unions could do only by strike or closed shop
In these cases. the open shop question is only
academic because one association does not try
to destroy the other, but only to destroy the
excesses Of the other.
John Graham Brooks, president of
the American Social Science Associa-
ton, read a paper entitled. THE Issue
Between the Open and Closed Shop"
He said in part:
There is little use in discussing this subject
apart from the temper and purpose OF the
parties involved. A good many trade unions
weapons both brutally and stupidly. but plenty
of employers using the open shop in
welfare than the coarsest ruffianism of the
trade unions. Side by side with these ex-
cesses we have open and closed shops in which
business is conducted with admirable and COM
mon satisfaction. There is not the slightest
dNnger that the closed shop will become uni
versal in this country. Strong and well dis
ciplined unions do not need it,
A. Piatt Andrew of Harvard Univer-
sity spoke Of Credit and the Value Of
Money"
Professor David Kinley of the Uni
versity of Illinois read paper on "The
Relation of the Credit System to the
Value of Money" In speaking of the
influence Of the credit system on prices
Professor Kinley took the ground that
in general business community will
make its exchanges with credit or by
money. according as one or the other
is cheaper at the time. saying that the
credit system is really a regulator of
prices and allows changes in the vol
ume OF business without making nee
essary any change in the supply Of
Professor j. Lawrence Laughlin of
the University of Chicago read a paper
on "The Theory of Prices