davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1904-09-25
INDEPENDENT L1PPS.
Subjects of the Car, but Free as
the North Wind.

In the Russian Empire Is a race OF people
who are supposed to be under the Cars rule,
but who practically independent. for the
simple reason that the Russian soldiers cannot
get at them Everybody has heard OF Lapland.
N Northern Europe. but there are two kinds OF
LaIland. One is the very edge of the CON
tinent in a country so barren and desOlate that
about the only living creatures in it are the
reindeer on which the Northern Lapp exists. the
Iolvos, which live the reindeer. and the
LaUp himself
In this territory the herdcr Lapps roam at
will. The country is more passablc in winter
than in summer for il is trayersed by numer-
rivers and marshes. which be crossed
only when frozen over, unless the traveller
ries his boat on his back But with the com-
ing Of winter the Lapps utilize the icebOund
rivers as thOrOughfareS in their travels. They
know the best foraging grounds and the places
whore shelter may be afforded for a weeks
campTent. The resting places of these nonads
within the Arctic Circle depend upon the moss
patches-the food Of the reindeer. When 1t has
tecn eaten off the ground they must strike
emp and go elsewhere AS a herd of hun
dred deer will soon strip half dozen acres of
he moss growth Il does not take long for them
to eat up everything around the settlement,
even the shoots Of the birch and willow trees. as
band. and the place may be deserted for sew
sral years as 1t requires three or four seasons
for the moss again to spread the ground
from which it has been eaten. This is why the
Lapp wanders through valley and over plain. as
does the tribesman Of the desert. He must move
to live, but this sort Of life has sharpened his
Wits and he is as shrewd at driving a bargain
as the proverbial Yankee Scotchman.
The hag of Lapland is depleted as uger than
any Of Shakespeare's crones-a fit subject TO
IIaetise the black art--but the men, not the
women, are the sOr-erers, and use the drum
and hammer and rings to bring misfortune to
III enemy or fortune to u friend. or to foreteIl
the future. but no woman can be present when
The ceremony is being performed. 1t would
ronCer the spell powerless and place upon the
woman serious, perhaps fatal Illness The
aIuiH. which is made of light wood. has paint
Ell upon it a rude representation of the sun. the
3cyi and circles indicating the countries nearest
to LaIland. The cluster OF magic rings Is
placed on the sun, and the sorcerer beats a
tattoo on the surface with his hammer. The
st-O&cs OF course, jar the rings so that they
owe and The direction which they take tells
tHo fortune seeker the of his future
v2rderings; also whether he will be prosperous
g. Unfortunate. These mysteries have been
handel down from father to son ever since the
early days. when their ancestors sold wind"
10 tie Morse seamen in braids of yarn. which.
Fcpa"atcd into strands. were guaranteed to pro
Guce a favorable breeze
New-York tribune., 1904-09-25
SOUND OBSCURED BY SENSE.

In course of a Southern tour" said John d.
Rockefeller jr.. Il attended church one Sunday
morning in a quaint little wooden meeting house
where the pews were of unpainted pine boards.
THE minister good man. sincere man.
a really eloquent man; but he had an unfOrtu-
nate habit of believing. He beloved like bull
His voice shook the raftcrs. The sound over
xhelmed the sense and il was often impossible
for very Doi~a to get at the mans meaning.
He was especially loud during the prayer L
never heard such uprOar as filled the little
building while this Southern minister prayed
After he was through a little girl my left
gave sigh of relief. and heard her whisper TO
her father:
FEATHER don't you think that il he lived
nearer to God he wouldn't have TO talk so
loud?'"
New-York tribune., 1904-09-25
IN RURAL ENGLAND.
Plans for Improving Unpromislng
Farming Conditions

How can We save the English farmer?"
British statesmen are asking one another this
question with especial anxiety nowadays Few
attempt TO answer il. and those who DO seem
only to cOmpHCate the problem Ever since MI
Chamberlain espOused the cause Of protection
certain members of Parliament from rural dis
tricts have shouted for a tariff on fOOdstuffs.
and have argued that the city folk would then
buy English fruit vegetables. eggs. butter and
cheese instead of sending S60OOOO00 every
year to the Continent for them But these
M Ps" soon arouse their fellows from the
cities. who reply with warning finger:
Labor must have cheap food Tax the bread
OF the wOrkingman and you will make him
strike and riot; you will cause starvation and
pestilence. No! No! Hands OFF,
While England is charging her cities. build
ing larger factories. and crOwding the labOring
classes more closely together. she is permitting
the rural districts TO decay. Americans who
have travelled this summer by automobile
across LOTS in England have been astonished
at the contrasts between city and country AS
soon they leave the busy manufacturing
tire and get away from the railroads, they find
ancient houses with their windows
boarded up and their gardens grown to weeds.
crossroads stores deserted, stone walls tumbIed
down. wells ehOked with rubbish. and wagons
cracked and fallen to pieces beside the road
population lives in cities. and this percentage is
rapidly increasing. In no other country In the
world Is life so centralized. In the United
| States 40 per cent OF the people are city folk:
but whereas there are six hundred inhabitants
to the square mile IN England there are only
twenty-five In this country The opportunities
for the population to expand are thus more than
twenty times greater here than in England
While the average value OF farm lands in this
| country has Increased 80 per cent in the last
thirty years. that OF English farms has fallen
| This is best observed in the rents. for 50 per
cent of England's agricultural area is rented
In Wiltshire since 1870 rents have fallen IS
per cent; In Essex. go per cent and In Dorset
50 per cent
One of the chief agents In depopulating rural
England Is the London press. The newspapers
and magazines OF the capital now find their
way into the most remote hamIets and their
! stories and pictures OF metropolitan life, OF its
| glitter. its immensity. its endless variety. fill
the minds OF the most simple with feelings OF
| unrest In comparison. their humble ex-
fstence becomes more and more narrow barren
| and mean Such glimpses OF city scenes espe-
eialy stir the youth with an ambition to leave
home.
On entering almost any farmhouse one win
| SEQ manifold evidences OF the power OF tho
press Instead OF the stifr formal prints drawn
New-York tribune., 1904-09-25

their skins nearer the color of leather than a
human tint-the results OF combining dirt ana
smoke The Esquimau has been called the d1rti-
est race on earth but il is question II the
Lapp cannot give an Esquimau points and beat
him in this respect.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1904-08-10
DONALDS.
Donalds. s. G. Aug. s, 1904.


The trustees of the Donalds High School
have at last found a teacher for The mex
scholastic term. At q meeting held last week
a gentleman from Baltimore Nd was elected
TO the position and 1t Is understood that his
wife viii assist him. 1t is to be hoped thai
he will have good school.
Donads is 10 have Two campaign meetings
this month. On the 18th. inst. the congress
sional candidates will speak TO our people
while on the 29rd. they will have the pleasure
OF listening to the county candidates. Very
little interest is being taken here abouts In
politics however.
/. Protracted meetings will soon be the order
OF the day hereabout. The preshyteriaDs
have already had theirs and the Baptist will
have theirs next week. when the pastor will
. be helped by the Rev. Dr. Bagby OF Green
wood. DR.. Bagby will doubtless have large
crowds, for be is no stranger TO our people.
On the third Sunday. Rev. Peter Stokes will
start bis meeting In the Methodist church
and will be assisted by the Rev. T. H. Leitcb
The long dry spell has been broken at last
and heavy rains have fallen. 1t came Just In
time TO save the crops for they were needing
rain.
: The appearance OF both the depot and tank
brush, which was applied last week. Mr..
his residence by painting it.
On Saturday, the 3lst. Of July, a negro by
name, Suddy Mccullough, got away from the
chain gang and made good bis escaped.
Blood hounds were put Oh his trail but as
the negro went up the creek the dogs could
not run him.
The brick mill has started TO work and al
ready large number ofUrck has been made.
Mr.. and Mrs. J. w. Mattison have left on a
trip to far away Oklahoma, where they 60 10
see their SOD Olin.
Mrs. Lawrence H. Carlse OF Union Is in
town.
Miss Alpha Rasor is home on visit to
hcme folks.
Miss Edith Agnew OF Greenville is the guest
of Miss Dora Agpew OF this place.
Mr.. and Mrs. F. P. Yates have returned
from their sum mer vacation.
H. B.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1904-08-10

The Board of Education of one of
the prominent Indiana counties has
taken wise and practical step in de-
termining to teach agriulture as one
of the courses in rural schools. The
notion that the best farming comes
without any special education or train
ing on the subject is one of the old
| fogy ideas that was exploded long ago.
Experience has demonstrated that the
average farmer has almost everything
to learn about chemistry of the soil, its
fitness for certain crops, the best treat
ment of the land and even the best
methods of cultivation of the crops
most commonly planted. Scientific
farming has proved a success, and if
this were not true the proper thing to
dc would be to discontinue our agricul-
tural department, abolish the expert
ment stations and call in all the ex-
perts who are operating to develop
new fruits, flowers, vegetables and
animals, as all this is done along
scientific lines.
The movement away from the farms
to the cities has been very marked
since 1880, or thereabouts, but the troll
ley line and rural mail delivery, bring
ing the farm into closer touch with
the daily activity of the world, are
proving powerful factors in checking
this tendency, and it seems not unlike
ly that the next census will show that
the tide has turned back toward
country life, not merely among those
who can afford country residence as
a luxury, but also among those that
must earn livelihood have their be-
ing wherever their daily work may
lie.
1t is not good that a people should
get too far from the soil that nourishes
them. There is about the farm free
dom that breeds independence and a
chain of necessities that breed resource
fulness and self-reliance, qualities that
have been and still are strongly mark
ed characteristics of the American peo-
Pile, but at the same time qualities
that urban life has tendency to un-
dermine. Twenty years ago the con-
ditions on the farm were such as to
make the city attractive by contrast.
Ignorance of the best methods of farm
ing was in large measure responsible
for poor returns from the soil, though
there were, of course, many other con-
tributing factors to the agricultural de,
preston. But that situation is now
changed very materially. There are
few vocations more profitable just now
than farming, and this is therefore
the time to add to the attractiveness OF
the farm by teaching the farmers sor
the intelligent methods of scientific
agriculture Farmer.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1904-08-10
Campaign Meetings for AbbevilIe
County.

Abbevile, S. c., July 4, 1904.
The Dem ocratic Executive Committee met
at the office of NJ. p. DeBruhl, July 4, 1904
Frank B. Gary, County Chairman, being alb.
sent, the Committee elected A. F. Calvert
Esq, Chairman pro tenn. A quorum was
present.
On motion it was ordered that the cam.
paign meetings begin at Mccormick on Au-
gust 10th.
Mccormick, August 18th.
Wilmington, August 1Tth.
MI. Carmel, August 18th.
Calhoun Falls, August 18th.
Lowndesville, August Goth.
Donalds, August 23rd.
Due West, August Oath.
Antreville, August 25th.
Aobeville. August 9th.
On motion II was ordered that the Secretary
ascertain If the Cotton Mills desire q meet
Ing, and In the event they do that the meeting
be held on August 26, 1904, at any hour select.
ed by said club, and the Secretary notify the
candidates not later than the date OF the
Donalds meeting.
The last day for filing pledges and paying
assessments was fixed on August /, 1904.
CONGRESSIONAL MEETINGS.
The Democratic Executive Committee for
Abbeville County have appointed the follow
Ing meetings at which the candidates for
Congress will address the people:
McCor mick, Tuesday, August 9th.
Lowndesvlle, Wednesday, August 10th.
Abbeyille, Friday, August 18th.
Donalds. Saturday, August 18th.
NJ. p. DeBruhl, Scc'ty.
F. B. Gary. Chm.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1904-08-10
NOT YET SURE OF THE ANT,
Mr.. Wilson Says Planters Should Con
time Fighting Weevil.

Secretary Wilson, of the agricultural
department, received yesterday a pre-
Iiminary report from Prof. o. F. Cook,
Victoria, Tex, regarding the Guatema-
Ian ant, with which Professor Cook
has been conducting at the govern
ment laboratory there series ofexper-
iments to determine the adaptability
of that insect in destroying the, cotton
boil weeviI. In comment ting on the
report, Secretary Wilson said:
"The results 80 far achieved with the
Guatemalan ant are eminently satisfac-
tory. The little insect gives great pro-
mise 70 being an invaluable assistance
to cotton planters in the districts in
fected by the boil weevil. It has
shown no bad traits thus far, and the
experiments have fully realized our
expectations. The results at this stage
cheer us in believing that a means of
checking and ultimately exterminating
the boil weevil has been found, but our
hopes may not be completely realized
when the eXperime ents are tried over a
wide area, because of varying climatic
conditions. Cotton planters should,
therefore, continue their efforts to erad-
icate the evil along other lines.
"The question that now concerns US
most on this subject is whether or not
the Guatemalan ant will hibernate in
the temperate zone. This is yet to be
determined. If the insect cannot live
through the winter In the cotton states,
we will have to import it each year,
which will entail no little expense.
"The Guatemalan Indian when he
cultivates cotton In a new section al
ways provides himself with colony of
these ants. In the Indian language
the ant is known as 'kaylep,' meaning
an assistant. 1t is well named, for
without its assistance cotton could not
be raised in Guatemala.
"Several specimens of the ant have
been received here at the department.
DR.. Howard is now engaged in CLASH
flying them. The condition of the cot
ton crop is very gratifying, though it is
yet too early to make definite predic-
tions. 1t will be two months before the
crop will mature, and it is difficult at
this time to tell what devastation the
boil weevil may make in that time
Washington Post.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1904-08-10
FIGHT FOR PORT ARTHUR
An Escaped Russian Official Says
Fortress Is Doomed


Che Foo, August 6.-(5 P. M. )-"Port
Arthur will certainly fall inside of one
or two mouths, depending how fast the
Japanese move"
The opinion was expressed to-day by
an educated Russian who has Just ar
here from Port Arthur by junk He
had fifteen companions, but the party
left. Russian stronghold six days
ago. They suffered much hardship on
the trip over from lack of food and
water.
The Russian who voiced the forego-
ing opinion occupied an important
semi-otficial position at Port Arthur
and his views are regarded as valuable.
He says that while the Japanese con-
stantly receive reinforcements every
Russian casualty decreased the defen-
ve.efficientcy of the GARRISON, as the
Russians cannot be reinforced. Gen.
Stoessel, commander in chief at Port
Arthur, is compelled to husband bis
ammunition, He can manufacture
shells, but it is impossible to make
proper explosives. The necessity of pro.
tecting the men for the final stand eX-
plains the retreat of the Russians from
the strong outpost position, where theil
losses were far less serious than those
sustained by the assailants. According
to this Russian, Gen. Stoessel is in
daily communication with Gen. Kur
opatkin.
The three days fighting of last
week was done chiefly with artil
lery.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1904-08-10
WEST END.
Happenings and Incidents OF n Week
About the City.

August 10, 1904.
Mr.. and Mrs. f. R. Thompson left on Mon
day for visit to Mrs. Thompsons grandfath he
Mrs. T. q. White and her little daughter
Mary, left on Thursday for short stay with
Mrs. A. w. Smith.
| Mr.. T. q. Perrin spent few days last weel
! with Mr.. Lucas IL Walhalla.
| Mr.. L w. Perrin left last week to apend {
few days with his daughter, Mrs. A. w. Smith
In Woodruff.
Sunday and is spending a few days with Mrs
Little Edward schoen who has been here
| for several weeks, is now with his grand
Miss Aleta Carey Of Lock hart spent few
days last week with Mrs. Eliza Lyon.
Mrs. Frank Martin and little Whitner Mar.
tin of Lockhart were the guests OF Mrs. Lila
Mabry last week.
Mr.. Eugene Welborne ofGreenviIle is visit
Ing his cousin, Mr.. Lorton Robertson.
MIR. M. T: DeBruhl spent two or three days
last week in Latimer.
Miss Louise DeBruhl Is visiting Miss Callie
Lou Graves at her home in Latimer.
Rev. j. l.. Stewart OF Mobile is visiting Rev.
J..C. Shlve. Mr.. Stewart preached at Upper
Long Cane on Sudday.
Mrs. w. D. Barksdale and children leave to-
day for the mountains.
Mr. and Mrs. John Livingston of Seneca are
guests OF their aunt, Mrs. Eliza Lyon.
Mr. and Mrs. z. A. Haigler and little Helen
returned lTOIl luo uOuuGhlub.
Mr. 8. r. Pritchard spent several days here
with friends last week. He returned to his
home in Blacksburg, Va.
Miss Louise Brown has returned after
spending several weeks In Rock Hill in Rock
Hill with her aunt, Mrs. Sandlfer.
Mr.. William Harden spent Saturday and
Sunday with his brother, Mr. J. NJ. Harden.
Mrs. Green Sannifer is the guest Of Mrs. G..
d. Brown.
Mrs. Margaret Brooks left on Friday for
Statewide N. c., where she will visit Mrs.
Fred Phifer.
Mrs James Bowie entertained the Euchre
tracte meeting in Walhalla.
Mrs. L. W. Perrin Is In Woodruff visiting
her daughter, Mrs. A. w. Smith.
Miss Corre Killingsworth has returned
from Antreville, where she visited her moth
er.
Mr. and Mrs. Wayman Brownlee are visit.
Ing near Antreville.
Miss Mae Robertson and Miss Lily Temple
ton were guests OF honor OF a very delightful
pit party given by Mrs. John McClintook
Thorne In Millersburg. Ky.
Masters Warred and Edward Allen return
ed TO Columb bia Tuesday.
The Misses Morse are entertaining q num-
ber OF charming young people with house
party. The guests are: Misses Annie Aiken,
Greenwood, Rosalie McCaslan, Greenw wood,
Minnie Lou Roberts, Ninety Six, Lavalette
Dupuy, Davidson, N. c., Ida Mae Brownee,
Antreville, Mr.. Robert McAlly of Chester and
Mr.. George Wilcox Of Elberton.
Mr.. T. H. Furman came over from Atlanta
Thursday. He and Mrs. Furman are spend
ing few days with Mr.. Jones Miller and will
leave this week 10 visit Mr.. Furmans parents
in North Carolina.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1904-08-10
WHAT A BOIL wEEVIL LOOKS
LIKE.
Interesting Description the Terri.
| BILE Cotton Pest Of Texas.


Specimens Of the boil weevil. whicl
has been source of great concern t.
Southern farmers on account of tn
devastation it has wrought in TeXa
have been brought to Union county
preserved in alcohol by Mr.. J. B. Will
liams, son of Mr.. J. III. Williams, o
this city who has been q resident O
Texas for the past II years and is now
on visit here.
These are shown in the severa
stages of growth, from the little white
worm to the grey winged insect an6
then the full grown weevil, which il
about IA to 1-3 of an inch long and
dark brown. 1t has long bill some.
thing like a mosquito, and on either
side of this are feeders much like q
crawfish with little feelers or claws to
soften the rough surface of the bud.
Strange to say, though it is termed
the boil weevil, it does not feed on the
boil at all but on the square of the
cotton bloom which it punetures with
its bill. When it has fed sufficiently
and deposited an egg, it goes to anoth-
er square for its next meal and thus
from stalk to stalk and from lower to
higher branches as the season advances
the work of destruction goes on, the
shuck of the square turning yellow
and then dropping off the third day
after being punctured and within to
IL days full grown weevil develops
from the egg deposited. Etymologists
say that a pair Of these Weevils will
multiply to 100000 during one season.
They do not puncture the same square
twice nor moest the stalk unless food
is very scarce.
In the hot sun the life of a weevil is
about 10 or IL days. While during
the winter the insects hibernate much
as do wasps under the bark of old trees
and elsewhere but they are always
ready for the cotton squares by the
next summer. Though they have
wings they seldom fly and are never
seen in swarms. They seem to travel
with the wind which in Texas is in
northwesterly direction and if going
from field to field move in the cool Of
the evening or morning.
So thoroughly do they destroy the
fruit of the cotton that in some sections
during the mouth of August, when
the fields should be white with blooms
in the mornings and red in the even.
ings there is nothing but a vast field
of luxuriant green plants.
1t is no wonder that such a menace
to the farming interests of that vast
territory has been studied by experts
for the past five years, that the United
States government has recently appro-
priated $3.50, 900 with which to expert
ment on an exterminator for these little
pests.
The ant imported four weeks ago
from Guatemala and believed to feed
entirely on the weevils, has probably
not yet been thoroughly tested, and
so far there has been but one report as
to the results of the experiment.
Union Progress.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1904-08-10
May Break All. Records.
Greenville News.

The last crop report issued by the
Department of Agriculture shows
that unless there is too much bad
weather during the next week or ten
days the cotton yield for 1904 will ex,
ceed that of any other year in the
history Of the country. This should
have distinctly a bearish effect on
the market, for if the crop is to be sc
great, the high price of the staple
cannot continue. 1t is not possible,
however, to put too much faith in
the weather, and for that reason the
market has not f1uctuated to any
considerable extent. The condition
of cotton in ell of the sixteen States
where it is grown, on July 25 was
phenomenally high, being rated at
81. 6 for the States as whole. This
is 12 points higher than the codition
of the 1908 crop, issued at the same
time last year, and fully 10 points
better than the condition on the cor
responding date of 1902. tits like
wise 9 points better than the average
on July 25 for the last ten years.
While the higher estimate was
somewhat surprising it might have
been expected in view of the mad
desire of the farmers to use practi-
cally all land for cotton. The in
creased production of the mills in re-
cent years had drawn on the avail
able supply, and many experts be-,
lieve that good prices will be paid
this winter. That is not at all certain,
if the yield is to be so heavy, and II
the mills are to operate on less than
full time. With few exceptions, the
reports give most encouraging out:
look and the crop will be gathered
earlier than usual. Still it must be
remembered that August is the dan
gerous month and bad seasons may
wipe out the rich profits and reduce
the new supply. The fear of that
possibility has helped to keep the
Spectators in the air, as it were. and
the market is quiet, whereas it nigh
have suffered a tremendous slump
after the government estimate wa:
made public. Moreover, the bol
weevil has not begun to ruin the croE
in Texas, and if the planters car
escape that evil, and at the same tim.
enjoy the right sort of weather al
other records will have been broker
in the South.