davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-02-15
The Typical Boss.

The public may groan under H. H.
Vreelands street railway methods, but
his men like him, says the New York
Tribune. 'T abominate the officious,
overbearing boss" said Mr.. Vreeland
one day to reporter. This boss is
derided and disliked always. He never
succeeds, for his men won't work for
him heartily.
You know the type of boss I mean.
We find him everywhere. He treats
his interiors as though they were ma
chimes. They get no credit from him
for intelligence, and he tries to make
them think he is himself infa1lible-a
kind of god.
This sort of boss, if he has to go
away for an hour or two, is apt to
turn to his men and say, as he starts
off:
Look after this, now. and look
after that, and remember the other
thing; and if it rains while I'm gone
well, don't try to stop it. Let it rain "
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-02-15
Several years ago the municipa

Several years ago the municipal
authorities of Hastings, England, tried
the experiment of using sea water for
watering the streets and flushing the
sewers. Their example was followed by
quite few of the other sea coast
towns. This innovation was hailed with
great anticipation on the part of the
civil authorities. as the maintenance
cost was comparatively nothing, and
besides, it brought in a large revenue
from the citizens. many of whom had
installed it in their homes. Then.
again, it was thought that the sanitary
conditions would be much improved,
on account of the slight antiseptic ac-
ton of the salty qualities. The hy-
groscopic property of the salt caused
the effects of each watering to last a
much longer time than when watered
with fresh water. and the surface Of
the roadways was thought by some to
be more compact and cohesive. But
after few years use of this service it
has brought about many disillusion-
ments. Carriage owners complained of
the destruction done to the varnish and
paint on their carriages; tradesmen
complained of injuries inflicted on their
goods by the salt dust. Lastly, the
local authorities have discovered that
the salt water exerts a corrosive and
generally destructive action on metal
pipes and fittings. The leakage in the
joints had a serious effect on many of
the trees along the streets. The au-
thorities admit that the system has
proved complete failure.
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-02-15

Hardin, the Russian city in Man
churia that is being mentioned in the
dispatches, is only three years old: yet
it is one of the largest and most ac-
tive cities in the province, excepting
the capital. 1t has the largest Euro
pean population of any city i'm Man
churia, containing upwards of $4,000
Russians. The Chinese population is
approximately 10000. Dalny another
Russian creation near Port Arthur, is
a city of mushroom growth. 1t was
designed for 100000 population, and,
should Russia win the war. it would
probably number that many residents
within the next ten years. Hardin
was designed as a manufacturing CEN
ter and Dalny as a seaport for the
products of Manchuria and the various
freights of the Manchurian railroad.
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-02-15

A deserving bill before the Virginia
Legislature provides that It shall not
be necessary for women who are the
victims of assault to so on the witness
stand in open court; that their deposit
tions may be taken in private and aft
erwards read to the jury privately, and
that such dispositions shall have the full
weight Of evidence.
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-02-15

In Brooklyn the question of corporal
punishment in the public schools con-
tinues to be agitated Many of the
teachers declare the rod to be prac-
tically indispensable to the mainten-
ance of discipline. They are willing,
however, to accept length of rubber
hose in lieu of a rod. Patrons of the
schools are organizing to oppose whip
ping in the schools, on the ground
that it is barbarous. Meantime there
cannot be much question that the
teachers have got on their hands a
fine collection of young barbarians.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1904-11-12
Illinois AIfaIfa Fields.

Last year several farmers in Illi-
nois raised crops of alfalfa. This had
been planted the year before and had
become so well-established by last year
that two and three crops were cut
from some fields. The result has been
an awakening in the matter Of grow
ing alfalfa in Illinois. We hear that
a good many farmers have gone into
the raising of alfalfa as a result Of
the success made last year. The
Farmers Review would like to hear
from its readers In localities where
large yields were realized last year,
as TO the outlook and conditions this
year. e. this year proves to be a good
year for the alfalfa fields in Illinois
thai had large crops last year It will
have broken the rule that hitherto
has held good, namely, that in Illi-
nois the second year is about the only
year that gives a good crop OF alfalfa.
On this hinges the question of the
value of alfalfa fer this section Of
count y. Alfalfa vlll not pas If it
yields good crops only the second
year II takes two re RS to get il
we'll started and If the third year
owes to be failure there will be
',Aree years to be charged against
one crop.
Last year was an exceptional year
for alfalfa in this region. The almost
unbroken drouth for two months and
the constant sunshine were Just the
things that brought to the surface the
value Of alfalfa. Ordinary years can
not be depended on to give the same
amount Of sunshine. This sunshine
is needed to help alfalfa do its best.
Last year the Farmers Review made
some inquiries in Michigan as to how
long the successful alfalfa fields had
been In existence. In every case in
vestigated the successful crops had
been on the land only two years.
We would like to have the experience
Of those who are attempting to grow
alfalfa in any Of the humid states.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1904-11-12
When Pasturinq Rape.

There is some danger from bloat
in turning animals on rape pasture,
especially If they are not accustomed
to It and eat It greedily at first. It
is best to have prairie or tame grass
connected with the rape field, or at
first to have a feed rack with hay or
straw accessible. II is also safer at
first to have the stock fun OF other
feed, either pasture or grain. so they
viii not be hungry and eat too rap
idly. Some farmers practice turning
their stock on the rape from other
pastures and leaving them there only
an hour or so each day, until they
become used 70 IT, have generally
found little difficulty with animals
put on rape forsthe first time. as they
prefer other foods until they learn
to eat the rape plant and seldom over.
hll.-Prof. f. A. Burnett.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1904-11-12
Summer slIos.

More and more the idea of a sum
mer silo is impressing itself on dairy
men as a good one. Some dairymen
feed silage the year round and are
satisfied that it is by all means the
best plan 70 follow. The silage a
year old Is far better for the produc-
tion OF milk than is even fresh corn
fodder. H. B. Gurler told the writer
that he is always sorry when the old
silage gives out and fresh silage has
to be used, as the COWS at once show
the change by shrinking in their milk.
The old silage is more easily digested
and Is hence more readily turned into
milk. It would be best II enough
silage could be made one year to run
the following year till about a month
after the new silage is put up. In that
case unfermented silage would not
need TO be fed. II is probable that in
month the silage would be enough
fermented to Decome digestible to an
extent that would not cause a falling
on IN the milk when the cows were
put on 1t. The building OF silos es-
pecially for summer use Is recon-
mended, especially where a farmer has
but few cows. In the case OF having
large herd. the winter silos would
answer we'll for a summer silo. The
only point with the man Of few COWS
Is to have a small surface Of silage
exposed at one time. This can be
done By building a Bilo that is small
In diameter but high. The feeding
each day viii uncover new silage.
In the winter II the silage is exposed
for day or so no harm results. the
temperature being so low that fer
mentation at the top goes on but slow
". The summer silo is found espec-
tally valuable in times Of drouth.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1904-11-12
Harvestlna RIee II Jspan.

Prof. c. c. Georgeson: The harvest
season begins in the latter part OF Oc-
tober or the beginning Of November.
The grain is then cut by hand with
sickles, tied in bundles. and carried
to the border. where it is set up to
dry. When partially dry 1t is carried
to the farmhouse, where the drying
is completed and where the thrashing
takes place. This operation consists
Of tearing the grains from the straw
on an f. comb, and afterward the
grain is spread on mats and beaten
with fails to complete the separation.
The next step is to hull the grain. This
is done by hand on a primitive quern.
The millstones are made OF tough clay.
into which is imbedded strips of bam-
boo on edge, in imitation Of the cut
ting ridges OF q milestone. clay and
bamboo strips being packed in shall
low tub. Two of these improvised
millstones work together, the upper
one Icing turned by hand. The edges
OF the bamboo. thus grind against each
other and offer sufficient friction to
remove the hulls from the kernel. At
ter winnowing, either by hand or by a
modern tanning mill, the rice is now
ready for market. For the purpose OF
marketing. sacks are made Of mats OF
rice straw, by frat sewing a mat into
a cylinder and then securing a round
lid at either end. Each sack, or 'ta-
wara, as it is called, holds about one
and a half bushels. Thus prepared,
the small f. ner sells his surplus to
the dealer in the city; and If one
travels in the country in early winter
he Is sure to meet a succession Of
handcarts loaded with rice, which the
owners are pulling to market.
While we cannot follow the methods
Of culture practiced by the Japanese,
we do find that they have developed
numerous varieties OF rice, many Of
which are better than varieties native
to this country. The Secretary of Ag-
riculture is aware Of the excellent
quality Of many Of the Japanese va
rieties. and he has OF late years i'm
ported considerable quantities Of the
best kinds. with a view to introduce
them in the rice-growing districts Of
our own south.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1904-11-12

There are many things to be said in
favor of cooperation in the establish
ing of creameries. One is that the
profits and losses are thereby distri-
buted. It prevents any one man from
becoming very rich and it also pre-
vents any one man from going broke
1t is sad thing to see a man that has
invested all his money in a creamery
finally have to turn over all his prop
erty to the sheriff If there is to be
loss the many can bear that loss better
than one II there is to be success it
is better that the many should divide
it among themselves rather than that
one should have all of the success.
The cooperative idea eliminates very
largely the principle of gambling,
which exists with the individual ven
ture. The spur that drives on the
individual to invest all his property
in a creamery is the possibility that
he will make more than a fair interest
on his money after paying himself for
all services. Stability is what is
wanted in the creamery business, and
it can be best found when the institu-
tion is founded on the interests of all
the patrons and not on a few. Co
operation has to be studied as any
other science. but it is worth the
studying.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1904-11-12

The Pear Orchard.

Among many OF our western farm
ers growing pears is considered In
the light OF speculation. Pear blight
is the deadly enemy that has set at
naught the efforts of our orchardists.
especially when they try to grow most
OF the old standard varieties. Re
Gently, that is. within few years,
new varieties have been brought or
ward that are more or less blight
proof Some Of these are inferior in
quality, but may prove to be valua-
bic foundation for hybridizing with
the other varieties. Thus a pear Of
good quality that can resist the
blight may yet be produced. If a
man wants to grow pears, about the
only thing he can do is to keep on
trying. His soil should be heavy.
quite rich, and the trees should have
a good start. When he comes to the
question Of cultivation he will receive
a good many different kinds of advice.
Here and there are men that declare
that trees will not blight If kept in
sod. They think this because they
have not Travelled far enough to find
the orchards that have blighted to
death on sod land.
But what is true OF sod land is also
true Of cultivated land, so far as the
blight is concerned. Evidence points
to the fact that cultivation and non
cultivation have little effect on the
blight. The cultivation of pear orch
ards is followed by some of the most
successful growers of pears in the
East. Other things being the same,
the orchard that is cultivated has the
best chance to resist the attacks Of
blight, just as a well-fed person has
the best chance Of escaping disease.
The poorly fed tree, and the tree that
has its nourishment stolen away from
it by the roots Of grasses, has not the
thrift to resist attack
AS to varieties, the man that at
tempts to grow new and untried ones
in large quantities is very certain to
make failure, because among a GER
tain number Of new varieties only an
occasional one proves to be as good
as the standard varieties. 1t has
been found that hardness and high
quality Of pears do not go together.
This is true also of other fruits. 1t
is fact that the pears Of medium
and poor quality are more often sue
cessfully raised than are those Of high
quality. Thus Keiffer is not very
excellent pear, but it is more success
fully raised than any other.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1904-11-12
where HustIIna Is r.ssded.

When a butter maker or creamery
manager finds himself in charge OF a
creamery that has been established in
a locality poorly supplied with COWS,
the only thing that is Ekely to win is
hustling. The man that in such sit
uation waits for the business to grow
up around him is more than likely
to moyo away before success comes.
In such position the man in charge
must recognize in himself an instruc-
tor as well as a mechanic and manu-.
facturer. If the farmers within reach.
of his factory or creamery have the
COWS but do not bring the milk he will
have to preach the advantages Of hay-
ing the creamery make the butter II
they have not enough cows then he
must preach the advantages to be de-
rived from keeping a herd Of milk
cows. Whatever he does he must
preach the dairy gospel and keep at it.
The question OF his success depends
ON the amount of enthusiasm he can
arouse. This means the sacrifice of
the mans ease and It means a contin-
uity of purpose that would make him
valuable anywhere. We are CON
vinced that many of the creameries
that have proved to be failures would
have been successful if the "factotum"
had done all possible to stir up inter
est in the subject of dairying and es-
pecially OF creamery buttermaking.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1904-11-12

The author OF "Capons for Profit
says: There are people whom ! would
not advise to undertake the operation
Of caponizing The person to do 1t
should have above all things faith in
his undertaking and in himself. He
must be convinced that his work is
right and then go ahead. This is no
place to make a trial for fun or in a
half-hearted way. 1t is little Of the
genuine enthusiasm that is needed,
and that is bound to overcome diff
culties should any be encountered.
Then there should be an average
amount Of mechanical skill and the
same amount OF nerve. Clumsy I'm
gers have no business in operating on
live fowl. II you are little ner-
vous at first 1t will do no hurt. Your
nervousness will wear OF after you
operate on two or three fowls and
see how easy the job is and appar-
entity how little pain II causes the
bird. You must have full confidence
in your ability to do 1t just right. and
then go ahead without fear or trem-
bling. And when you are once at 1t,
it is far better to operate on all the
birds ready for the operation in one
day than fuss along with two or three
every few days. The beginner is apt
to be a little nervous wAen he goes
for the first bird, but after he gets his
hand in once everything moves of
smoothly and nicely. His hand be-
comes steady and the work passes off
rapidly. OF course it is an advantage
If you can see some one perform the
operation, even on a single bird. No
more is needed to teach you the whole
operation. We ourselves had to learn
it from books and printed instructions
not very plain ones either-and
succeeded beyond expectations. After
a few days practical experience i
thought nothing of caponizing twenty
birds before dinner. The operation
indeed after you have once under
taken it and succeeded is an easy
enough thing and causes but little
pain and inconvenience to the bird If
you do it right and with proper tools.
A good set Of tools Of course is utter
" indispensable, and the person un-
willing to expend 81 or So for them is
not included in the list Of persons
who can safely undertake the opera
tion.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1904-11-12

Another bird most friendly to man
is the jolly, lively little house wren,
whose song bubbles and tumbles all
over itself in its haste to get out
He viii appreciate a box for a home
also, but make the hole only an inch
wide. Ninety-eight per cent of the
wren's food is insects. The barn
swallow, most useful bird, can also
be persuaded to live near us il we
will encourage him little; sometimes
a small hole cut in the gable of the
barn is all the invitation he needs.
In the lilac bushes in your yard you
may find nests Of the yellow warbler,
the cat bird and the brown thrasher,
that long cinnamon-brown bird with
the glorious voice, and in your naples
and elms the robins, orioles. and vi
reos. the rose-brepsted grosbeak and
the cedar birds may build or perhaps
the wood thrush, our finest singer.
All of these birds are invaluable,
even though some Of them may eat
a few Of our cherries. They all pre-
fer wild fruit, If they can find it, and
1t is a good plan to plant some Of
our wild fruit trees near our cherry
orchards. The beautiful breasted
grosbeak is one Of the few birds that
will eat potato bugs in quantities.
The oriole eats the grub Of the click
beetle, one Of the most destructive
worms known.
In the fields you will hear the
sweet, loud whistle Of the meadow
lark. There are also the red-winged
blackbird and the gay bobolink. The
latter is a destructive bird in the
rice fields Of the South. where it is
called the reed bird, but here il lives
mostly on weed seeds, and is benef-
cial. The red-winged blackbird de-
stroys weevils, one Of our worst in
sects. The stomach Of one meadow
lark contained thirty-seven grass
hoppers. This bird is, unfortunately,
sometimes shot as a game bird. but
he is too valuable to be spared. Out
in the wood lot We find the chickadee.
that friendly little gray and white
fellow, with black cap. In the
stomachs of four ehickadees were
found moths Of the cankerworm con
tanning 1,O26 eggs, from when It has
been estimated that during the twen-
ty-five days in which these female
moths crawl up trees each chickadee
would destroy 1SS.750 eggs.-Ellen
Drummond Farwell.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1904-11-12
A Plant Poisonous to Horses.

We presume that all Of our readers
are familiar with the first plant here
shown, as 1t Is very common on farms
over very large part Of the country.
1t is known as Horsetail (Equisetum
arvense1 'fhe two upright stalks at
the left represent the fruiting stems.
which are pale yellowish in color and
come up In early spring (April-May)
from the roofing branch below. In
the center is such an underground
branch bearing bulbs OF tubers. From
these same underground parts the
much-branched, many-jointed green
shoots arise a little later MAY and
June) as represented at the right.
These continue to grow all summer,
and II is these that cause the poison
ing.
The Vermont station has been max
Ing an investigation Of this plant,
which 1t finds to be the cause Of many
deaths among horses. AS a result,
bulletin 95 has been issued warning
farmers against feeding this in the
hay. In part the bulletin says: This
plant passes under several popular
names, Of which the best, because the
most commonly used, is common
horsetail Others are coltstail. fox
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1904-11-12
Enas for Fall HatehIna.

From the Farmers Review: / have
purchased a new incubator-in fact,
the only incubator ever owned /
want to fill it with eggs some time in
November. AS / have no hens of my
own, where shall l obtain eggs with
which to fill it? Can / depend on
store eggs for this purpose? ! once
tried some store eggs and found them
Of little value, as only one or two out
Of every dozen hatched. That was
when / was using hens. AS a gen.
eral rule can We depend on the stores
for eggs at this season, when those
eggs are to go into the incubator?
What do other people do that have
this situation to face? An answer
viii greatly oblige a novice.-H. H.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1904-11-12
Mix Powders.


We would advise our readers to
avoid investing money in any Of the
reputed recipes for making milk
powder. There are some Of these in
the hands of men that may want TO
use them for the purpose Of pulling
money out Of the pockets Of the un-
suspecting public Sometime a method
will perhaps be discovered for making
milk powder, but when that time
comes the recipe will not be given
away nor sold for a dollar Several
scientists at home and abroad have
been working on the problem. The
United States Consul at Bergen, Nor
way, reports that DR., Ekenberg has
made progress in this respect. He
had last winter been able. so he said,
to produce a milk powder that re-
sembled fine wheat -four. It does not
sour and seems not to be affected
by the weather. 1t can be shipped
in bags, barrels or boxes, like -four.
and will endure long journeys. 1t can
be changed to milk by adding about
ten times its bulk Of water. We
have, however, heard nothing about il
for several months, and 1t may not be
all that the consul reports 1t to be-.
The great trouble with all the milk
powders so far produced has been that.
they did not again fully dissolve when
water was readded to them. II a
powder can be produced that win
change to veritable milk on the adding
of water the dairy and creamery busi-
ness viii be reYolutionized.