Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1904-09-08
OF the treaty should not be disclosed to the
other European powers.
Occupation of Port Arthur.

occupation Of Port Arthur.
1t will be interesting too. to recall how
Russia obtained possession of Port Arthur
Inc permission to occupy that formidable
promontory was granted by this same
treaty and in the most innocent way ITO
PROVIDE against interference with or harm
10 the sald railway the treaty saws ..Rus
sla shail be permitted to Occupy one of the
lsianus near Talienwan and make it a
.eAueAVouS TOT Russian ships and land
troops and also to fortify the same in ordar
10 project the terminus of the railway and
t ne shops connected Herewith and to pro-
vide against disasters" W p'o
And, in order to protect Chino fro,., 49,
resentment and jealousy of the other nou-o
ers' the following clause was inserted in
the treaty: Should it so happen that re-
tta De made to China in the above
a'.ei, Chlna is to reply that Russia be-
ing the stronger and China the weaker of
.ne Two nations she has no alternative but
u aiiow russia to do as she pleases'
fron, 1GThhi na for all of these favors
from emma to Russia there is clause nro
vldins that If China shall have any din
eul'y WIN any foreign nation Russia shall
use ner pest endeavors to arrange the same
peacefully; but if her good OFFICES foil I'D
be of no effect it shall be the dutv of BIZ
sla 10 give her help to China thereby hind
ing hrmly the alliance between tho tWo
eountr res IL is provided in another clause
tnas emma is to have the benefit of the
tfamc OF the great Siberian railway and
to enjoy all the benefits thar na~ COW an q
a aioIh tne unrestricted Introduction Of Rus
sian sooos ana manufactures into Chinese
markets. and Russia promised IN f,,rn;sS
miHtary officers to reorganize tho Cnirasa
army and to drill 100000 Chinese troons in
e Suamuiuiid Chlh-i. Shangtung, Shansi
oheiisi ana kansu provinces
Direct Cause Of Trouble.
Ihese are the principal provisions of the
Famous secret Cassini treaty which was
negotiated at Picking in 1896 and has been
the difect cause of all the trouble that has
occurred stree. For long time its terms
| remained mystery but thew finally leakaS
out through the corrupt officials and CLERKS
ABOUT the foreign Office and the other Eli
ropean powers began to take alarm Pms
sia persuaded Germany that it would he
wiser for her to take a share OF the nIunder
rather than interfere with the timer and
france was easily persuaded to adopt the
same policy.
Inc aggressive movements of the Euro
peans and the injustice with which they
treated the common people of China soon
aroused bitterness and the spirit of re-
venge, and the secret society known as the
Boxers" was gradually organized through
out the northern provinces of the empire
Ior the purpose of resisting the encroach-
ments of the foreigners. This society grew
SO rapidly in numbers and in strength that
it soon commanded the respect and received
the announcement of high officials at
self. who sincerely believed that foreigners
were the curse of the empire, and the 1g-
norant old mandarins who had been placed
at the head of the government when the
emperor was deposed, came to the concIu-
sion that their determination was the most
reasonable and satisfactory method Of pre-
venting further aggressions on their part
Then came the Boxer outbreak, the siege
of the legations and the Intervention of the
United States and the European powers.
The empress dowager learned valuable
lesson. She is very much wiser than she
was four years ago. She has learned that
1t Is not safe to trifie with other nations,
and that the wheels of progress cannot be
stopped. The consequences of the Boxer
uprising were to fasten the foreigners more
firmly than ever upon the country and to
compel concessions in their favor which
never would have been willingly granted.
Greater changes have taken place IN
China since 1900 than have occurred during
any previous period of twenty or twenty
five years. and that remarkable old lady
has at last yielded to the inevitable and
adopted what, by contrast with the past,
seems to be most liberal and progressive
pOlicy