The St. Louis Republic., 1904-09-25

pSratiyeiy little Interest In their activities.
But later political control was gradually
extended over the colonial and trade set
tlenen; and in this manner the direct IN
| nuence OF society was brought TO bear on
the movement.
But /; Is especially important TO keep
in mind that We are dealing with socia.
factors when We consider the bearing ot
any policy upon the native population
ing upon the natives A. so man:
individuals clay to ihe hands OF the
into some resemblance 10 Europeans
O. Americans. We are. however,
dealing not with individuals. but with So
cie;ies. and 1t Is only as We modify the
structure. principles and customs OF ma
tive societies that we can exert any last
ing Influence upon individuals. Just as the
closely upon social structure. 50. ii =
larger degree, "a social cohesion Is much
stronger IN the lower strata or mankind.
the civilization Of Hindoo or q Malay
or Hausa depends not upon what We
can teach him individually. but upon how
We can affect the structural character Of
the society to which he belongs To mod
ify the direction of social evolution by
slow and natural methods Is the most
ambitious task we can in reason set fo-
ourselves; to take a Tacalog and make of
him an American is the naive impulse of
fnexperience-
For though isolated individuals may
adopt the thought Of a higher civiliza-
tion. as seen In the occasional negro
men like the Mahara jan Dhuieet Singh.
they cannot hold out against the social
influences OF their race. nor can they i'm
part to IL their acquired culture. Societies
are the entities with which We have to
deal. for the premature indivtduafization
OF the nations is a source OF abundant er-
ror and great danger
But the question itself remains. How
can a civilized people influence a less high
ly developed people SO az TO modify the
latters civilization? Is such n civilization
These questions may be approached
from the point OF view of different sci
ences. Physiology would study the ;nfiu-
ence OF race mixture and intermarriage.
as well as the modification of the human
organism affected by a change OF cimale.
especially by residence in the troFics. The
superstitions. and beliefs-ail tina; is in
volved in and proceeds from mental con.
stitu,ion-would be investigated by social
psychology.
THE MONEY QUESTION.
Cpon the subject of THE Monetary
Equilibrium in the United States Hor-
ace White. in Department 70 of the In
ternational Congress of Arts and Science.
yesterday. said. in part:
Two months ago political convention
met in this city to nominate candidates
for President and Vice President. and
after struggling a day and night over
cided to say nothing whatever on the sub
ject. This action was equivalent TO say
ing that the standard of value is no Ion
ger a matter Of dispute. Monetary eIUili-
brium has been restored after disturb
ance of more than forty years This y
merely saying shat mental equilibrium
has been restored on the subject cf
Inoney. for the disturbance has been
psychological and sociological, rather
Every pe:son in his individual capacity
in his private 'oikon0nia always
preferred gold TO irredeemahle paper. but
ruuI.itudes in their collective capacity
have preferred the latter TO the former.
ard by carrying this preference into their
political action caused the disturbance
Th. dispute has been a difference OF opin-
inn as 20 the meaning Of th. word dollar,
some holding that 4 stgniiied Il liked
quantity by weight OF the metal Eold-
while others contended that II medrt also
the Governments stamp impressed upon
ether things
..In this prolonged contest the borrowing
and lending sections OF the linton were
,rrayed on opposite sides. as was shown
nv th. yotes which they gave Ti'.
States having a relatively dense popuia-
i.on and concentration Of capital adj
iier.d TO the gold standard Tney accepted
irre,ieerra BILE paper as Il temporary neces-
sity, hut were infieNibly opposed TO any
lasting change in the definition OF the
dollar Those States in wnicn contrary
conditions Prevailed were in favor of
cheaper materials for the making "f
money BECAUSE they thought that money
would thus he more easily cbtainabie.
LEGAL TENDER.
..'The legal tender act Of 1867 an incident
OF the Civil War. first unsettled peoples
minds on the question: What IS a dol
lar
"a new kind of paper currency then
came into The hands OF the people called
grcenbacks. which seemed to be at par.
although they were actually ct a discount.
The average citizen. unless he was
dealer in money. or was engaged n For-
cirn trade DID not observe IN. discount:
He perceived that the greenoGcks would
pay his debts and buy :he things he
wanted When the supreme Court de-
ciar.d that SIS Of coined gold was IN no
sense a standard u: Il dollar IL gave foot
ing in Congress and on the huS:ingS. To
every paSSihle vagsry in finance Con-
yress in rs1i availcd itself of the courts
permission To pass hill increasing by
rs 0slo oY, tl,e amount of rreen:acks The,
existing But fortunately u WAS stopssi
h, ;, presidential veto. which caused ihc
r,arty in ROVER 20 turn around suddenly
a,,s ps.,s :, s,..cic resumption act
.-st,,nrlirlg up. VIC may say tndt once
,Ipon :, time the nation lost its financial
,,,., ,Iv-a,- nv accident. and after wander.
m. fn;ty wears in the wilderness regaIned
II by a process vf self-education. Dur