davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25

launched at Nice in the same year. The
Santa Annals leaden armor plates were
attached 70 her sides by bolts Of brass.
and it was claimed for her that she
could resist the artillery Of a whole
army" and at the same time could
sail or row as fast Is any Of her un-
armOred contemporaries. She was a
big ship, with six decks. a reception
saloon, a chapel, a specially construct
ed powder magazine, and a bakery.
She was present at the taking Of TuniS
in 1885, and played an important part
in its capture.
Lead. it may be remarked in passing.
was not infrequently used at this Pc
riOd for sheathing ships under water.
in the same way that copper is still
found so useful Thus, the French
ship Grande-Francoise, launched in
1927, one Of the largest and most IA
nous ships of her day. was SheIthed
with lead from her keel to the first
vale above her waterline.
According TO a short paragraph in
Haydeu's Dictionary of Dates, chain
netting Of iron was suspended 10 the
sides Of men-of.war, which were also
strengthened by plates in the time OF
Henry VIII. ana Elizabeth" No au-
thority is quoted, nor is the material
OF the plates" specified
The Spaniards attempted 20 protect
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25
STATIONARY
GARBAGE PAIL
Cannot Be sto'en, and Always "out"
For the Collector.

Women have made comparatively
few mechanical inventions, most of
their inventive Efforts being confined
to wearing apparel, articles pertaining
to domestic economy, personal orna-
ment or convenience. \ 81. LOliS wO.
man has been Studyin the possibilities
ot improvement In garbage pals with
considerable advantage 10 the COM
munity. \ recent patent diScloSeS the
result OF her Investigation, which is
both novel and practical. She proposes
a stationary garbage box, permanently
attached TO the fence. whether this I've
OF the continuous wooden or iron rail-
ing type. by this construction IL IL
hoped 10 avoid the annoyance incident
90 the stealing or Straying of the us
ual portable pals. As shown In the H.
luStratiou. the bucket, or box, proposed
protrudes through the fence, with an
opening on the inner side for deposit
ing slop ana an opening on the other
side of the fence for the removal of
slop by the garbage collector. The
box is given slant sufficient to per.
NIT the liquids present to be retained,
instead OF leaking out through the
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25

The white grubs or larvae Of the May
beetle are hard TO destroy, on account
OF their underground life. A. w. Gill
man thinks the late fall plowing to be
beneficial, but it should be deep. as the
grubs burrow down 10 considerable
depth TO pass the winter. Various ar.
tidcial remedies have been suggested
for this insect one Of which Is the
mixing of wood ash>S with the soil
which makes it very unpleasant for
the grubs and in some cases has
proved very eifectual The appllca.
ton OF strong Kerosene emulsion.
Immediately followed by a drenching
with water, which carries the oil down
10 the insects, has been used very sue.
cessfully, especially on dry and sandy
soil. This is a good remedy for small
areas. but it is doubtful If it would
pay in fields.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25

their galeons Of the Invincib,e Arma-
da by building their sides four or five
feet thick, but the heavy English guns
dashed them through and through
But now at last we arrive at a real ar
mored ship in the present day accept
ance Of the word Not only an armOr-
clad. but a real irOnclad. This was
constructed in Antwerp in 1885. with
view Of breaking through the lines
of the Spanish army under Alexander
Of Parma, which was at that time
closely investing the city It was a
large flat-bOttomed craft. with a CEN
tral casemate or battery built Of thick
balks Of timber aud plated with iron.
II was intended TO be. auI very likely
was. impenetrable TO any artillery that
the Spanards could bring against it:
and in hopeful anticipation that their
irOnciad ship would raise the siege
and put an end 10 hOstilities. the men
OF Antwerp christened her the Finis
Beili. In addition TO a heavy battery
of guns. the Finis Belli carried 4 large
body OF musketeers. some OF whom
were stationed aioft in her four fight
ing tops while the rest were well pro.
tected by the loophOlcd bulwarks on
the upper deck. UnlucNly for the be
sicged Dutchmen She ran aground be.
fore she had effected anything at all
and fell into the hands OF the Span
iards, who ncknamed her the Caran-
jamula. or as we would say, "Bogpy."
They cOntrived 10 keep her a1Oat and
brought her down to the camp Of Alex.
ander OF Parma, where she became q
great attraction 10 the sightsenrs Of
the period As for the Dutchmpn I'm
the doomed city they hencnforward
only referred 10 their fru.tlpss expert
meut rs the "Pcrditae Exppns1e." or
Wasted Money Ten years previous
10 this. others Of the Dutch patriots
had built somewhat similar contriv-
aucp. which very possibly was also ar.
mored This was the Ark ~ DELFT"
twin vessel supporting a floating
fortress which was propelled by three
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25

we lost 200 men for c~ery thirty OF the
English put out OF action"
This system Of armorinG was, how
ever, soon adopted by the French. as
i'm Lescalliers "Vocabumirr des
Termes de Marine Anglols ct Fran
cois" published in 1777. we dnd the
following;
Binder un vaissrau,' 10 cover The
ships side with Tenders Of Old cables
to preserve her from an enemy's shot,
when employed to defend harbor.
etc"
The Spaniards enIeavored 20 I'm.
prove on this aud in 1852 hoped great
things from the celebrated floating bat
ferries employed at the great siege Of
Gibraltar by the Duke de Crillon.
The fate Of these experimental ar.
mOrclads offered no induccmcnt 90 the
naval constructors Of the day TO make
further researches in the direction Of
protection, so that till comparatively
recent times we find our sailors de-
pending only on their wooden walls"
10 resist the proIecties Of the enemy.
In the fight between the Glatton.
ffty-siX-gun ship, and four French fri
gates, n brig and a cutter mounting
22O guns between them. their twelve
ana twenty four Founders failed TO
penetrate her sides, and she beat them
all of with great loss at the cost OF
ono officer and one man wOuIdcd.
But the Americans. from the very
commencement Of their existence as
nation, set themselves 10 make i'm.
provemcnts in naval warfare. David
Bushnell constructed q practical sub
marine boat in 1913. TOrpcdoes were
used by him and others in the war
with this country, ana for the purpose
Of towing these cOutrivances alongside
our ships. they invented and built. in
1914. a padl,e-propcllrd turtle backed
boat lying low in the water and COW
prcd with "half-inrh iron plates. not
10 be injured by shot"
About The same period the eel 'brated
inventor. Robert Fulton. who had al.
ready constructed one or two submar.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25

inc boats and various classes Of tor
pedOes. bnilt steam friglte Which be
called the DemOlOgOs' or Voice Ot
the People" but which is sometimes
known as the Fulton L. This. the FIRST
steam warship ever constructed. had
her sides 40 Jess than thirteen feet
thick Of alternate layers Of oak and
ash wood a thickness absolutely i'm.
ppnptrlblr Jy any gun then aGOat In
ls29 this vessel was blown Up by ace
ciGent. aud was succeeded In The
American Navy by tia Fulton H. a
ship which appears 10 have been pro.
tertod by some Kind Of iron armOr.
Various proposals were made 10 use
iron plating % prO'ecttae sides OF ships
" war from this time forward but
until the French constructed a nTm
Der Of arm1r.p plated batteries for use
.n the Cr.moau War nothing practical
came Of tie .uggnsfiJIs OF inventors
Their success 80 The b0mbardmeHt o.
Kinbu-r demonstrated the value Of
armOr plating England at once foi-
owed suit with others ~ ile same
Kind. some u which are still doing
duty a. hu.ks Then came the French
la GIolga 'he British Warrior. the
irOuciads and monitors o. the Ampr.-
can war and hrnceforward the steady
evolution of the armOred fighting ship.
which ha- provided "a with the ma
jectic batt'esbips % Tie present day
Scientific American.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25

his reign in 1876. covered two of the
largest ships Of Ei> doet with leather
before sending it against Charles Of
AuJou
These, by the way. were not the first
'leatherclads" We have already seen
that leather. probably in the form Of
rawhideS. formed a portion Of the ar
NOR Of the Saraceu dromous. while
Conrad of MOntferrlt. at the siege Of
Tyre in 1877. either invented or at all
events caused a special class Of ieath-
or protected vessels - be built. which
were called "barbotas" or "duckbackS q"
They would now probably be called
'turt.eblcks." They would appear TO
have been small GRAF, covered with a
strong leather prote .nI domed roof
through portfolios o- openings i'm which
the archers and cro>>bowmpn could
fire without exposing themselves. They
proved very effective against the Sar-
acens. and In 12lS taa entrance Of the
Nile was forced by seventy Of these
little Irmorclads.
Put in the meJrtiIa the Saracpns
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25
SMALL FLOCKS.

Table scraps become an important
item for a small flock. but are OF little
value for large numbers. The small
flock pays at all seasons because the
scraps lessen the cost OF food by per-
mitting OF the utilization of waste mat.
ter. For this reason every family may
easily keep few hens, especially those
who live in the suburbs of cities and
towns, and who have space that may
be devoted TO that purpose The great.
est obstacle is the temptation TO keep
too many. BE satisfied with a few
and the cost will be less, while the re.
salt Will be more satisfactory.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25

lRveatior tits therefore not asioa-
ishins 20 dnd that the Japanese pos.
sessed paddle propelled armorclai
in the year l6oo. This quaint craft.
Ike the old .eltherc.ad "harbotesr OF
the twelfth century. was turtle
backed. with ports for dyInS from. She
was covered with iron and copper
plates fitted together Ike the cells OF
a honeycomb. mounted ten guns. and
like the Ark OF Delft was moved by
centra, padd,ewheel. Though there
Is no record Of any more ironciad ships
before the nineteenth century, our own
navy. at any rate, used various de-
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25
MnrrInue seryIce nlnnhcr..

\ Hampshire clergyman relates some
of the blunders he had heard made In
The marriage services by persons Of
the class who have 10 pick up the
words as best they can from hearing
them repeated by others. lie said that
i'm his own parish II was quite the
fashion for the man when giving the
ring 90 say 70 the woman, with my
body thee wash up, and with all my
hurdle goods l. thee, and thou" lie
said the women were generally better
up in this part Of the service than the
men. one day, however, a bride star.
tied him by promising. in what she sup.
posed 10 be- the language OF the prayer
book. 20 take her husband TO ave aud
10 old from this day fOrtnit forbctter.
or horse. FOR richerer power In sig
gcrncss health. 10 love cherries. aud
10 bay" what meaning this extraor-
binary vow conveyed ~ the wOman's
own mind. the incumbent said. IL baf.
fed bin 10 conjecture
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25

-AON THOUGH armOcclld ships
\ W. Y are generally considered
O "A Q 10 date only from the mid
4 "A r die Of the last century. ac-
HON cording 10 high authority
armor. in the general extended use Of
the word. has been used for the pro-
lection OF ships for hundreds, nay
thousands. Of years. Not, OF course.
nickel-Steel or even iron armor. but
protective covering OF various mate
Tials; for as the warriors OF the past
wore steel iron, brass, leather. and
even quilted cotton armor. so have
ships been protected by variety OF
different substances. The modern
word "cuirass,' which we apply solely
10 body armor as worn by the Life
Guards and which is of French deri-
Yation. j. used also in France for the
armDr Of battleship and reminds one
al once that armor was originally made
OF leather or "cuir."
As with men SO with ships. The
ships Of the ancient Greeks and RO-
mans were often fortified with a thick
fence of hides, which served TO repel
the missiles OF their enemies and af-
ford protection 10 their own crews.
Hides. possibly brass and iron. and
certainly thick timber, entered into
the construction OF the turrets and
towers with which the fighting ships
OF ancient and medieval times were
fitted especially when used for harbor
defense. as in the Venetian turret ship
of the ninth century here illustrated.
Felt made an early appearance As de-
fensive armor on sAipboard, as we
find that in a sea fight off Palermo in
1871 between the Normans and Sara
Gems. the former hung their galleys
with this material by way Of a de-
fensive cuirass. The Norman knights
had probably adopted this device from
their enemies. for felt had been used
for some time for thi, purpose on board
tha huge "dromou>' Of the Saracens.
These, the "battleshps" OF those days
IN the Mediterranean. usually rOwed
fifty oars a side. each oar being
manned by two mon, 80 that here we
have a couple of hundred seameu ac-
counted for at once. When the soldiers.
worked the war engines and siphOns
for Greek fire are added. it is evident
that the crew must have been very
large. and have required a ship OF
considerable dimensions. These great
warShips were armOred with wooden
cloth soaked in vinegar to render il
fireprOOf, and hung with mant,ets Of
red and yellow felt, ~ that their cui-
rasS was not only useful, but ornl-
mental as well. A. this period and for
many hundreds OF years .ater. addi-
tDuI protection was afforded TO those
on deck by the ranging Of the bucklers
aud shields Of the warriors on board
along the gunwaieS. Later in the fif
tcenth and sixteenth centuries, special
"paynSades." or bu.wlrks. were pro-
vitcd in lieu, composed Of large OBJ
long shields supplied for the purpose
In addition to fei-. The time-honored
leather armor also entered into the de-
fenSive panoply OF The "drOmOns,"
snd in the war Of the Sicilian EesperS
Pedro Ill of Aragou. who commenced
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25
FARM ACCOUNTS.

You probably did not keep very ac.
curate accounts of your farming enter.
prises last year. Are YOU going to
keep better accounts the coming year?
VIII your accounts at the end OF next
year tell how much you have sold
from your farm and what profits you
have received from various crops? II
not. how can you tell which crop has
given you the best profit? My opinion
is that you will find that your fruit
has paid you better than any other
farm crop
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25
TENACIOUS HAIRPIN.
Simple Expedicnt of Adding Extra Leg
Prevents Fsl ing Out.

4 ha!rpin that will he cheap 20 man.
ufacturc and which viii possess some
OF the characteristics Of the hump
hook -and-'ye has been the aspiration
OF many inventors. One of the latest
attempts 10 solve this knotty prob
lem is illustrated herewith. It consists
of a single piece of wire, bent 10 form
three legs, instead of the customary
two. The central leg is shorter than
the other two. and has n corrugated
and plain section, the latter near the
extremity, and having slight bow or
hump This construction gives "A
smooth entry into the hair, as the
hairpin is pushed In, and the hairpin
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25

vices TO protect its ships in the eigh-
teenth. According TO a French writer.
the sailors OF his country were aston
ished at the perfection 10 which the
English had attained in this direction.
odd cables" he writes. held in place
by pieces OF iron, barricaded the whole
length of the bulwarks; mantlets Of
old rope hung over the ships sides TO
diminish the shock Of our cannon balls,
and beneath a thick rope netting.
stretched from poop TO bowsprit, the
English fought under shelter. maneu.
wiring without ceaSing out OF musket
range. 50 as TO riddle our d6tachments
Of fusileers with their cannon shot SO
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25

docs not become locked in place until
the hair strikes the corrugated or
twisted portion. A secondary adyan-
tage Of the design is that the hair be-
ing held securely practically locked
in posItlon-the bairpWs can be made
OF much lighter material n great de-
sideratum from the wcarcr's point Of
view. The inventor lays considerable
stress on the fact that the pin can be
used Just like the ordinary hnirpin.
being pressed into and withdrawn
from the hair In the usual way. The
elasticity In the shorter central leg
adds very much 10 It's effectiveness.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25

crescent in the larhs Of org greatest
naval port-was equipped With .eadeG
armor. This was IN ll9l. aud probab-
~ lead was occasionally used Tor pro-
tective purposes throughout the next
two or three centuries. although there
is no record OF any ship 50 protected
until 1880.
In tlris year the Knights OF -. John.
those sworn opponents Of the Turk.
built one or perhaps two ''leIdclads." "
At any rate. one account says that they
built such a ship in this year at Malta.
while another describes a ship OF this
kind called tha santa Anna"
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25
SAVE ALL FERTILITY.

Save with scrupulouS economy all
wood ashes. soap suds, and al, articles
having fertilizing qualities. \ com.
post heap is Ike penny savings bank
Small and frequent additions soon
make large aggregate The fruit
grower and his land usually grow rich
together, and in the same proportion.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25
VALUE IN ASHES.

Ashes vary from one per cent pot.
ash 10 seven or eight, and the compo.
s!tion makes a great deal OF difference.
In soms localities, where the soil il
deficient In lime. they are valuable be.
cause Of the lime which they carry.
The per cent of potash varies accord.
Ing TO the kind Of wood and the heat
in burning
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25
THINGS THAT ARE SAID.

When a person says II know" we
must have great respect for him or
pity him. sad experience teaches
what one must go through In order
really to know.
Those who have sneered at scientific
farming will have to come TO It or they
will fare badly in the general rush
for success
The importance OF the good and com.
petent farmer cannot be Overestimated.
He is an object lesson that all neigh.
boring farmers would do well 10 iml.
tate.
Brains and energy are cranky. They
are not content 10 run continually In
old grooves. but are constantly looking
out for new and better ways Of doing
work.
In promoting progress in agriculture
1t is very desirable that practical farm.
ers keep "A careful record Of facts
which relate 90 the, culture OF the soil
on their farms
No farmer can afford 10 he ignorant
Of any question that confronts the
public today.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25
! Farm Topics


BEEF LIVER As FEED.
Beef liver is an excellent feed for
poultry. Like all animal food. it is
composed largely OF protein. Carlo.
hydrateS are a group OF subs .ances not
found to any appreciable extent In
snimal matter.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25
GrI,,Ir no..n,, Car. ror mnnan IIs.h.

In The old days. before ylie deadly
magazine rife was invented. hunt,ng
the grizzly was q very different affair
and 40 animal on tie American CONT
neat was more dreaded hi. acrccnes-
and vital force when wounded filling
the most reckless hunters with q
wholesome dread n was not al ali
unusual for a grizzly with a bullet
through bis heart 10 pursue and tear TO
pieces the hunter. whose long single.
barrelled muzzlc loading rife. with lts
one round lead bullet was altogether
inadequate for such q contest. ~ is q
strange thing. too that while the grlz-
zly bear is an omniyOrOrs feeder. living
on anything from roots and nuts %
steer aud buffalo meat. he has never
been known 70 deyOur human Gesb.-
S. Nicholas
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25

openings rs would be the case were
the box level The garbage collector
removes the accumuations of refuse
by means OF shovel The greatest
drawback TO the device is that II does
not possess accessibility for stcrllizing
from time 10 time. aS is necessary FOR
It's maintenance In an unofIending con.
ditiOn.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25

SUCCESS ~ BUTTER MAKING.
what is The secret Of my success in
outer making? Well" said the wo.
man whose butter was bringing her
golden opinions as well as silver dol.
lars when | came 10 Salt River Val
ley. eight years ago. and began life
on ranch. / knew no more about but
ter making than you do. However,
through much failure and by dint Of
perseverance and close observation.
have learned some things worth know.
ing about the making Of good butter
My secret? / have many. III give
sou three:
"First-Care Of the cream Unless
the cream is properly cared for the
butter never can be good Three or
four days are time enough for gather.
,ng a cburning. and each time cream is
added the whole should be thoroughly
stirred 10 the bottom. the temperature
meanwhile being kept as nearly uni.
form as possible
"SeCOnd-Use thermometer In
churning. and never guess az the TEN.
i-rature. A thermometer will cost
thirty cents. and ls worth many times
that amount in time and temper.
"Third-Dont Oversalt the butter.
One-haif 10 thrce-fOurths Of an ounce
OF the best finely powdered salt 10 20
pound Of butter is q good proportion.
Butter keeps no better FOR heavy salt.
ing and loses Us delicate flavor"
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25

hand.worked paddle wheels placed be-
tween the two hu'is
u Is a curious ont vel known fact
that II we 70 20 'be f3r East. re can
hud a parallel to almost any western
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25

Less than seven per cent of the pow.
or used In manufacturing plants In the
United States il aectric.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25

Seem 10 have gone ono better" in the
evolution d armo- protection. Tor 10
Il said that tle Great Dronon
whose capture by Richard Lion.Heart
Is still commemorate1 Dy the stars lnd
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25
IIfe Of ParIInmcn,..

The Austrian Parliament lives six
years Tho Italian. German. Prussian
and Spanish live five years. The
French. the Dutch. the Belgian. the
Portuguese and the ROumanlan live
four years The Danish and the Swiss
live three years The United States
Parliament lives two years. and the
AustrO- Hungarian only one year.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1904-03-25

The bDckwheat crop from So. 800
acres. raised entirely in the East and
Middle West. was marketed last year
Tor ss.GJO.733