Arizona republican., 1904-07-04
The Fourth of July.

happens to be Independence Day for century and a quarter of observance of that great event has brought it about that the signing of the charter of American liberties In the old state house in Philadelphia on that date overshadows all else when the holiday arrives. But there are other anniver- saries which fall upon the fourth day of the seventh month, some of them quite as much by chance as did the signing of the declaration itself. some of them because it was the fourth of July. but all of them of sufficient im- portance to hold their places in the records of history or science or litera- ture, as the case my be-
 IL is a list of twenty-eight items and here in America at least it will be best begun with
 177s-The declaration of American in- dependence signed by the continen- tai congress, in session in Philadel- phia.
 Then may well follow in order four events so closely allied with this same great document itself, or with it's spirit. as to be fairly corollaries to it. 17sS-Federal procession in Philadel- phia to celebrate the adoption of the constitution of the United States
 1s26-The deaths of Thomas Jefferson. as,4bar i,f ba peadenee. and of John Adams one of Its signers, on the fiftieth anni- Tersary of its birth.
 1s3l4The death of James Monroe, whose doctrine" enunciated eight years previously has become one of the fundamental principles of the American government.
 After these anniversaries, so pecu- liarly appropriate to the day, the list can perhaps be most conveniently ar ranged with regard merely 10 the chronological sequence of its events. It is at least coincidence worth not ing that all of these happenings should have fallen upon the one date with only five exceptions In cases where July had been chosen ''artificia:ly'' as it wee for the doing of something which has of itself become notable. In this way was work begun on the Erie canal the Baltimore and Ohio railroad, and the Washington monument; in this way the great Eads bridge was opened on the nations most typical holiday, while the republic of Hawaii was quite flttingly proclaimed on the birthday of national independence here. 11s7-The emperor Saladin defeats the Christian armies at Tiberias, and overthrows the kingdom of Jerusa- lem.
 1553-The islands of Nova Zembla d:s- covered
 15sl-Henri " of France, twice Hu- Euenot and twice a Papist," re- Sokes all edicts against the Prot estants.
 1s53-The parliament of England makes Oliver Cromwell lord protector "The sagest of usurpers," Half war rior, salf saint" Damned to ever lasting fame.''
 164s--Indian massacre at St. Joseph. 1f54--Lieutenant Colonel George Wash ington surrenders to the French at Fort Necessity.
 I777-The surprise of Kaskaski. l7S0-The French fleet under de Fer nay sent to assist the American forces sighted off the coast of V.r- ginia.
 1se2-John Quincy Adams first speech in Washington: "a speech that was the man himself in words, elose'y reasoned, fearless, clear-cut, ard relentless.
 lSl7-Work begun upon the Erie canal, connecting Lake Erie and the Hud- son river.
 1s2s-work begun upon the Baltimore and Ohio railroad.
 1S4S-The cornerstone laid for the Washington monument. 1Ss3-General Pemberton surrenders Vicksburg, with 92,OOO confederate troops to General Grant, after siege of forty-seven days. 1s6S-Union victory at Halena, Ark. 1S74-Eads bridge opened at St. Louis, after thirteen years of work and an expenditure of ;10,0OO, 900. 1sS4-Hawan proclaimed a republic. The fourth Is the birthday of sev- erSl famous men:
 1So4-Birth of Nathaniel Hawtho. ne, "the dweller among visions"
 
 soul of the high Roman nature" 1S2e-Birth of stephen Foster. who worte for the world, "old Uncle