The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-01-03

carver8, car Wuf6erU and chain m4x1xIsE and also of clerks and cigar makez1k ooopers and commercial tslegraphe<a
 There are unions of electrical w0rhe1 and electrical constructors. of coal-hcfet] ing engineers. steam engineergr and a1e of nremen. -four mill men and fr61Gf handlers.
 There are garment workers united in union embracing many thousands. o1n workers. glass bottle blowers. and G}1 snappers. Even the sold bsaters hkx4 national union. and also the Kr1nder8 The horse shoers have a brotherhood n so have the hod carriers. El
 Every one knows of the iron and steGls workers. the leather workers and tho iongshoremen. The machsnists have uu~ merous unions and 50 have the metal workers and the mine workers.
 There are national unions of mo1doxN. of meat cutters and metal polisher4. There are brotherhoods of oil and gae men. and also of painters and papcrhans~ CTS. Every householder knows of inc plumbers' union. and every publisher those which deal with printers and press- men. There are all sorts of railway orssniza- tions. there are saw smiths and spfnners. shipwrights. and stage employees and un- ions of tailors, timers snd ttn-piate man.
  the alphabet and give numerous unions under every letter and include sonly1tlfose which are national iu character and cover the whole United states
 Four Hundred Milton Dollars Lon<
 in Strikes.
 These labor unions are better Organised than ever before, and their leaders have enormous power as to the inauguration or the prevention of strikee. Their demands for higher wages and better conditions are steadily advancing and within the past few years the strikes have material. ly increased. According to the figures 0z the labor bureau here af yvashInEkon there have been more than twenfx-tWu thousand strikes in the paEe twenty years, and these have involved a loas kr the wage earners and snefr employers af about elOo.OOo0O0. The losses of the worzs+ men have been moro than twice tho16 of their employers. They have amounted to over s2e0, ,0O0.o00. and have caused mcrS than s.O0o.OoO idle woriEmen. During the same time the lockouts have affea1ed more than half a million wcIlkmen. re- sulting in q wage loss of about S50.110ngQ.
 Of the above strikes about one-half sue ceeded; some were partial 9uccesses and more than one-third total failures. The strikes of the past year have been moro than usually successful. Times k&v9 been good. orders plenty. and the cmpfo4~ CTS could not afford to stop the fauforie& They have given in to the men and waRaa have risen. Times now promise % b& hard. Many establishments are nut3fn& down their forces and some are KedncinH wages Whether these changes Ni'i cause new strikes remains 10 he ad
 5000 Factories Against the ut h At the same time an association affs ufacturera has been formed to cE wlak they claim are the exactionB o& unfone This is said to have a 1iez ship of 5000 factories, each of which tributes $50 year toward the 'moven& It is rapidly increasing in sire and is tending it's work to all parts of the col try. It has established publicatinh E information bureau at Indianapolis A like the trades unions, 1t is doing nigzi@ ary work in advocation of its prinGlpl4 The head of this association is David Parry of Indiana, who Is also president | the Citizens Industrial Associalkfon America connected within it. These pe0S pie claim that the labor union ls nothinNl more than a labor trust. designed fer the benefit of it's own members at the expense of the public. They stand fer the nons union man and for the individual and especially for the rights of the employer against organized labor. They are for the open shop and against boycotts, black lists and strikes. claiming that all differ- ences between employerff and employees should be settled by any aznacable method ! that will preserve the rights of both parties.
 The Civic Federation. Perhaps the most powerful force now organised for the prevention of labor troubles is the National Civic Federation This is composed of prominent empioyers | of labor, the heads of the great labor unions and a number ot leading thinkers representing the public. These men meet together in conventions at certain fixed periods to discuss the differences of labor | and capital and how they may be ami- | cably settled. They have an executive committee. which tries to bring the en- ployers and employees together wherever | there iB trouble, and this has already | settled many strikes and prevented oth- CTS. In 1902 the Civic Federation ayerted | a strike of 5000 worlzmen in thirty paper mills. and 1t had settled eleven coal | strikes before the trouble in the anthra- cite fields began. Its members did what they could in the anthracite strike. but | were unable to succeed. During the pres | ent year their work has been much great CT. embracing labor difficulties of many | kinds. a report of which. I am told. will soon be given to the public.
 Representative Men from Every
 where.
 The Civic Federation embraces the lead ing thinkers of the United States. Its ex- ecutive committee is divided into three groups of twelve each. one group on eha part of the employers, another on the part of the wage earners and 8 third on the of the public.
 The representatives of the public are such men as ex-President Cleveland. Cor nelius N Bliss. August Belmont. Charles Francis Adams. Oscar Straus. Archbishop John Ireland. Bishop Potter. President Eliot of Harvard and John c. Milburn of Buffalo.
 The employers are headed by Senator Mark Hanna. and with him are men like Schwab of the steel trust, Underwood of the Erie railroad. Nixon of the United States Shipbuilding Company, Marcus Marks. president of the National Asso~ ciation of Clothing Manufacturers: Char | les Fl. Taylor. jr.. president of the News paper Publishers Association; H. n. Vreeland of the street railway and others
 The labor leaders are equally as strong. | They are headed by Samuel Gompers of the American Federation, and have auch men as John Mitchell of the United Mina Workers. Theodore J. Shaffer. presiGeue of the Amalgamated Iron and Steel Asso> ciation; James O'Connell of the American Workers and John Tobin of the Boot and Shoe Workers Union.
 The president of the Civic Federation ia Mark Hanna. The vice presidents ara Samuel Gompers and Oscar Straus, whiIa Ralph M. Easley Is the secretary
 Trusts and Labor Against the Public