The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1904-08-03

pasture stocked, a COW pasture with
two or three good cows, one or ProI
Hume's fruit gardens, a husband who
will work to the extent of growing
the broad and a good woman to man
age the whole lay out, there is no
fear of the labor question, the tobacco
trust or any other trust holding the
farmers of North Carolina down"
About Beef Herds.
The question of the Foundation in
the Building of a Beef Herd" was next
presented and discussed ably by Mr.,
A. L. French, of Byrdville, N. c., a
stockbreeder of experience
He urged as the first thing that
there be proper food provided and
that this be raised on the farm. AS,
feed cattle he said the broad back
kind were the proper kind, and not
the lanky. Don't get the cheapest
sire or the cheapest cattle" he said.
'but pay a fair price. not perhaps as
much as is asked at first but a fair
price and you will find it cheaper in
the end
North Carolina as he viewed the
situation presents more advantages to
the breeder of beef cattle in the way
Of pastures than any State in tn"
Union. He said he came from the
blue grass region of Ohio, had been
in North Carolina some four or five
years and found it far superior to
Ohio. and that he could raise stock
here better. He discussed as side
issue some questions concerning milk
cattle and advised against scrubs. Then
he told of dipping cattle entirely IN q
cistern in a dipping preparation 10
rid of vermin.
At one time he said that for his cat
tie he got cents a pound. Il get only
2 cents for mire," called out voice.
"Whv is that?" Because" answered
Mr.. Byrd, 81 have the reputation"
and there was laughter. but it told the
story, that one must work for repu-
tation of giving the best goods.
He said the General Purpose" COW
was very good to talk about, but that
mich COWS and beef cows were diff
ferent kinds and he did not believe
in mixing or using mich COW as g
beef cattle. There is more in tho
type than in the breed said he i.
explaining about beef cattle.
Dr. H. f. Freeman here spoke
briefly and said what was needed was
20 show the one horse farmer how
TO get along. Prof. Massey said that
the one horse farmer is North Caro-
linas chief trouble, and Mr.. Lane, OF
New Bern, said that the one horse
farmer would do well if he would
use two mules and hire a horse oc-
casionally, that he did not go into the
soil deep enough.
Talk on Butter.
Butter was the next topic, and
some work in it was practically illus
trated by Prof. j. c. Kendall, whose
talk was on the program as Hints
on Butter-making.'
tod t1n Do 10
getting at the amount of grease and
butter and named its advantages. He
plead for more sanitary condition
where milk and butter was handled
for stables that were clean and with
plenty of light. He said business meth
DDS we're needed, and that by these
the dairyman could tell which COWS
made a profit, which only paid for
their keep and which were dead
oss. "Get rid of these latter. he
advised. He clearly demonstrated that
advanced methods meant better prices
for the butter made and then discuss
ed the fiat plan method. the deep set
ting method and the centrifugal or
separator method for getting cream.
advising that the last was the proper
method and that it would save. $40 q
year per COW. He advised that 80
Or 35 minutes was the proper time in
making butter. For use in the dairy
ne urged that standard articles ~
be bought, as in the end the most eX-
pensive apparatus. if standard is the
cheapest
As to Fruit Culture.
After some brief discussion as 20
lairying Prof. Hume, the HoEticultur-
st of the State Board of Agriculture,
spoke on Fruit Culture" In the Uni
Sto
million acres of fruit in cultivation.
md spoke of the great apple Drop of
Missouri, peaches in Michigan. Geor-
ria and California, the plums and
prunes of California and Oregon, the
lpricots and olives of California, the
igs of California. Then as to North
,arolina. he told of it's great straw
berry crop. and the growth of the
peach crop. He held that pears could
Carolina for profit. As to the apples
If North Carolina, he said those
grown in Western North Carolina
equalled the best on the North
American continent. Here he dis
'ussed how best to avoid blight TO
he pear, and then said that fruit
,rops to which attention should be
,iven in North Carolina are the fig ans
he pecan, the later which in ten OF
Twelve years ought 10 give d SOOu pay
'ng crop.
To advance the State in horticulture
III lines he said there must be pioneers
n every community and these going
forward others would follow and th6
State would show a great advance.
He urged that in shipping fruits
that on the package be placed. IN. G.
Top N. C. All and that by treating the
word fairly in shipping goods North
carolina and the United States would
AXE leading positions as exporters.
DIR. r. Il. Stevens.
The next speaker was DR.. f. h.
Stevens who in a most able manner
alked of plant diseases, the symp-
TOMS, the cause and some possible
cures. Plants, if crowded, grew dis
eased just as people did, and as they
we're crowded they became breeding
grounds.
He told of the blight to the peach.
he club-root of cabbage, caulifioweI
md turnip, of the blight, blackheaG
md rust on the oats the curl to the
peach leaves, the blight of apple anG
Dear. Many of these he held to be
caused by a germ, which as in the
case of the blight in tobacco, choked
I'D the water canals He also told
f having 216 varieties of watermelons
1t an experiment farm near Auburn