The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-09-11

i;(Copyright, 1904. by Frank G. Car
 penter.) y
 Chicago.
 It was in a big hotel on the shores of Lake Michigan what I chatted last night with Senator Shelby M. Cullom about Uncle Sam as an international quantity. Senator Cullom has had much to do with the growth of this country. Born in a log cabin in Ken lucky, he came in a canyas-covereo wagon to Illinois when its prairIes were little more than a wilderness. ne took part in the campaign whlcn maoe Abraham Lincoln President. ana hao been elected to Congress when Lincolh was assassinated Since 1865 he mas been in public life. and much of the time in the House of RepresentatiVes and the United States Senate, where he has been prominent in international af- fairs He is today the chairman or the foreign relations committee or the Senate, and as such Is the head of the congressional branch of our treaty making power.
 Uncle Sam and the World.
 ''Uncle Sam is bigger as an interna- tionaI quantity than he has ever been," said Senator Cullom. He has grown to he A giant within the past few years The world powers now realize that he Is their equal, and it may be said that he Is at the head of the procession
 "when did this come about, senator?" I asked.
 'Our big growth began during our war with Spain." said Senator Cullom. Before that the great European na- tions rather looked down upon us as a secondary force in the worlds poli- tics. They considered us a nation of smart traders-fresh green, and ex- ceedingly baostful. They talked of us as worshipers of the dollar, and appeared to think we would not fight, and could not if we would. They disparaged our navy and laughed at our little army as compared with their gigantic military machines The war showed them that our gunners knew how to shoot, that we understood now to handle our ships and that our army was not restricted by the numbers in the ranks. They learned that every American citizen makes good soldier timber, and that the American national spirit is not af- fected by the American pocketbook Our easy success in that was astounded them and they began to respect Uncle Sam. They increased that respect when with John Hay as Secretary of State. we put ourselves at the front in set tling the Chinese trouble which fol- lowed, and that they now regard us as one of the biggest factors in every world problem. Our opinion is asked befre any settled policy Is promulgated II might even say before 1t is for med
 The United States and China.
 Did the United tates really do much as to the Chinese settlement, senatorT'
 "It did everything" was the reply. Had it not been for our government China would now be divided up among the great nations of Europe. Such division was contemplated, and Ger many, England and Russia had each taken foothold, when Secretary Hay said that the international policy should be the open door, that is, that China should be independent and free to the trade of all nations. After that the other powers fell into line and advo- cated the same policy. The compara- lively easy terms of peace which China securel were largely due to the United States and today the fact that that country is not the fighting ground or the war between Japan and Russia is due to the masterly state papers of John Hay. We have also opened up China to trade as never before. By our war treaty the local taxes on goods from station to station throughout the empire have been abolished. new treaty ports have been thrown open, and on the whole China has been made A free trading field for the world"
 Our Secretary of State.
 You seem to give Secretary Hay all the credit for that work senator?'
 "I do," replied Senator Cullom "Others have helped carry out his ideas but his is the master mind as far as our diplomatic relations and successes are concerned I consider MT Hay very great man. He Is the greatest Secre-