davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1904-05-03
How Good Stock Pays.
Washington, D. @.

The average farmer and stock-raiser will say
that he cannot afford to buy high-priced bulls. I
know a man who bought a pure-bred bull-a good
one-and in the first crop of calves there were
fifty steers. These steers we're out of native cows
that cost the owner from seven to ten dollars per
head. The steers, at an average age of eighteen
months, were sold to a feeder for $19.5 so per head.
In the same lot the feeder had several scrub steers
of about the same age and size that had been
bought for $1,000 per head. I asked the feeder
if he considered the better-bred steers worth SO
per head more than the scrubs, and he replied that
he did. If that be true, the good blood in the
bull was worth $3.50 in his first crop of calves.
Ordinarily, I do not think there is so great diff
ference, but as near as I could oct at the facts
from data collected at St. Louis stock yards, there
is really a difference In favor of the better-bred
steer of from 40 cents to so cents per hundred,
or 81 to Sc per thousand pounds. Let us do
away with the erroneous idea that it is economy
to buy an inferior bull because he is cheap. Such
animals are never cheap, and to-day good young
pure-bred bulls can be had for from 800 to $3.50,
and they will pay their purchase price in the in
creased value of their first crop of calves.-E. r..
Lloyd, Mississippi Experiment Station.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1904-05-03
Meat on the Farm.
Editors Progressive Farmer:

"Meat on the Farm" is the title of Farmers
Bulletin 1873, written by Andrew Boss of the Uni
versity of Minnesota for publication by the
Bureau of Animal Industry. Mr.. Boss is said to
be a high authority on the subject. The bulletin
contains a good hours or more reading, but ap-
pears interesting and instructive throughout, as
well to the farmer who has a couple of shoats as
for the big grower.
In the selection of animals for meat, it is
stated, that health should be given first considera-
tioE. Fat animals are not always healthy. Nor
can. frst-class meat be obtained from animals
poor in flesh. Never kill an animal that is loos-
ing flesh" is the maxim followed by butchers.
With failing flesh, the muscle fbers are shrinking
in volume and contain correspondingly less water
so that the meat is tough and dry. A better prod
uct will be obtained from an animal in medium
flesh but gaining rapidly than from the over-fat
animal at a stand-still.
Fine bones, soft, luxuriant hair and mellow
flesh are always desirable in an animal to be used
for meat, as they are indications of small waste
and good quality of meat.
The flesh of very young animals frequently
lacks flavor and is watery. An old animal proper
ly fattened and in good health would be preferable
to a young one in poor condition.
The best meat will be obtained from cattle
from thirty to forty months old.
A calf should not be used for veal under six
weeks of age; is best about ten weeks old and
raised on the COW.
Hogs may be used at any age after six weeks,
but the most profitable age is eight to twelve
months.
Sheep may be used from two to three months
old; they will be at their best before two years
old, usually at eight to twelve months.
In the preparation of animals for slaughter it
is important that they should be kept off feed for
at least twenty-four hours. Otherwise the system
is gorged and it is impossible to thoroughly drain
the blood from the animal, resulting in a reddish
colored, unattractive carcass. Food in the stom-
ach also affects the carcass, where the dressing
is slow. Water, however, should be given freely
up to the time of slaughter.
The treatment of animals previous to slaughter
is an important thing, especially that they be not
excited. Excitement prevents proper drainage of
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1904-05-03

The bodies of animals dying of contagious dis
eases are a menace to the health of other animals,
and even in some cases to that of man, if allowed
to lie exposed above ground; and it has been
found that in the case of certain virulent dis
eases, like anthrax, ordinary burying is not an
entirely effective safeguard. The germs of such
diseases retain their virulence for many years,
even in the soil, and are thus a constant source
of danger. Of course if the diseased bodies are
left above ground or thrown into a ditch or
stream, the danger of disseminating the disease
is increased many fold. The most effective means
that have been found for d~isposing of such dis
eased bodies are deep burying with use of lime
and burning.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1904-05-03

It is humiliating to think of the number of
boys ON farms in all parts of the country who
have never thought that a knowledge Of scientific
farming would benefit them in the least. They
vainly imagine that having been born on a farm,
and learned how to harness horses and hitch them
to a pillow or wagon, and haul and pillow like other
people, that they naturally know how to farm.
There is no one so ignorant as he who is ignorant
of his ignorance.-Farm and Ranch.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1904-05-03

A great character, founded on the living rock
of principle, is, in fact, not a solitary phenome-
non, to be at once perceived, limited and de-
scribed. It is a dispensation of Providence, de-
signed to have not merely an immediate, but a
continuous, progressive and never-ending agency.
It survives the man who possessed it; survives his
age,-perhaps his country, his language-Ed-
ward Everett.
Looking forward beyond my stay on earth I
see our country become richer and more power
full. But to make her prosperity more than SUI
perfcial her moral and Intellectual Development
should keep pace with her material growth
George Peabody; inscription in Hall of Fame,
New York.
Prof. Henry Jerome Stockard, of Raleigh, is
engaged on a book entitled, "a Study of South
ern Poetry"
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05

peopled by quiet, industrious tribes.
BY the Myers banks the enormous
hippopotamus crashes through the
underground, or the alligator, as 1t
is reused from its slumber on a mud
bank, scuttles hastily for the water
But that this is the black mans land
one is constantly reminded, on which
the European may only sojourn and
never c&onize
Woe beude the foolhardy white
who sleeps without his misquito net
or exposes himself needlessly to the
sun. In the wet season the rain
comes down in torrents for days to-
gether and misty vapours hang over
the land, or tornados sweep across IT
with whirlwinds of debris and rain.
In the dry the sun beats pitilesssiy
on the cracking parched earth, or
raises malignant miasma from the
swamp.
The coast has all the disadvantage
of tropical lands, and malaria. en-
teric or black water fever claim vic
Tins from time to time. Science,
however, is making vast strides up
on the ravages of tropical diseases,
and the coast may yet lose it's unen-
Viable name.
1t is on the native then that the
future of cotton growing largely de-
ponds, as he must become the actual
producer, the tiller and sower of the
soil. White instructors, relieved af-
ter year or so, can direct and ad-
wise, but the black must grow the
cotton If an adequate supply is to
be procured.
Did the planters have to depend
entirely on the negroes the outlook
would not be bright. But in North
ern Nigeria there are many MOham-
medan Moors and Arabs, who, in
many cases make excellent overseers
and foremen This African cotton
belt is as large as the southern states
east Of the Mississippi, and, with the
available labor, and capital from
England, its competition may be for.
midable.
GORDON PHILLIP
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05
AFRICAN COTTON MAY SOME
DAY COMPETE WITH OURS

districts of the American continent
In the British possessions on the
coast cotton growing under the au-
spices of a formidable combination
of those interested, "The British
Cotton Growing Association" assist
ed by the colonial government, has
now emerged from the experimental
stage Cotton grown by this asso-
citation is now obtainable in Liver
pool, and in few years il is antici-
pated that the Lancashire mill own
ers will from this source be able to
obtain raw cotton direct from the
producer, of sufficient quality and
quantity TO become, at any rate, in
dependent of the caprice of harvests
and markets.
Cotton has been grown in West
Africa from time immemorial, ana
the inhabitants are well acquainted
with its uses. They have manufac-
tured their own native cloth for hun
dreds of years but, unfortunately,
have taken no pains to improve the
quality OF the staple.
In British West Africa the Lagos
hinterland and the large protector
ates of Northern and Southern Nj
H0l Ia Ohtt lilt HlOHl PROMISING HGtu
for the producer, and on these pos
sessions experimental operations
have met with unqualified success.
The method the association is adj
opting is on the lines successfully
inaugurated in the United States.
viz Experimental and model plan
tations are being laid out in the cen
ters of the most promising districts
under capable cultivators These
plantations are intended to become
stations for buying, ginning and for
pressing.
Light railways opening up the in
terror and the fertile and well wa
tered valleys of the Niger and Benue
rivers are in project, Labor in this
part Of Africa is cheap and the rent
of land in nominal. As many labor
ers, carriers, etc, as may be required
can be obtained for from IL to 25
cents day, and native agriculturists
pay only a small yearly tribute to
their chiefs.
Some fourteen days from England
the liner anchors in Lagos roads,
and the voyager is swung from the
ship side in wicker chair to alight
in dancing surf boat and padded
by strong limbed. semi-nude and
loud voiced natives to branch
steamer of smaller draft. A shifting
mud bar excludes the ocean liner
and the lesser steamer crossing this
enters Lagos lagoon.
Once ashore the coast towns arc
full of sights and sounds of interest
to the newcomer. The European So
journing here, has established at
least some of the eonveniences and
comforts of civilization and not
few of its recreations in spite of
the tropical sun and tropical sick
nesses that sap vitality and strength
Leaving the coast by rude native
paths winding through the tangled
mangrove swamp, until higher and
arabic ground is reached, the travel
er is dependent on what comfort and
canned provisions his carriers bear,
with the possibility of purchasing
some fresh food-usually diminu-
tive eggs and puny chickens in this
region-at native villages.
Myriads of insects, poisonous
snakes and putrid water add to his
trials on the journey, but as he pro-
crosses inland swamp gives way TO
bush covered country, Which in turn
changes to beautiful park-like land
Crowded, prosperous villages appear
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05
LABOR UNIONS TOOK LARGE
PART IN THE CELEBRATED

Owing to the late arrival of the
boats bearing members of Seattle la
Dor unions, the industrial parade yes
terday was about an hour late in
starting. When 1t did start, how
ever. it presented an imposing spec
tacle. The parade formed with the
Western Central Labor union of Sc
attic in the lead, followed by the
Tacoma Trades council Next was
the Garment Workers union, repre-
sented by a score of young women
on a gaily decorated wagon. The
Single Weayers came next, and then
the painters. The latter wore white
uniforms and made the best appear
ance of any union in the parade. The
painters also captured the SIS prize
offered TO the union having the
largest percentage of members In
line.
The newsboys made a good show
ing. The union was represented by
number OF the members in line ana
q wagon decorated with the national
colors and the different newspapers
on sale in Tacoma.
A prize of $40 for the most unique
float was awarded to j. e. Aubry
Co, blacksmiths A gaily deco,
rated wagon contained a farrier's
outfit and patient gray horse,
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05

The Gould sextette is being reared
upon the plan Of health first, and
then education. The children's play
ground is their fathers magnificent
estate, Georgian court, at Lakewood,
N. j. Kingdom, 16 years old, and
Jay, now IS, are famous polo play
ers like their father They each have
a string of cracker-jack polo ponies
and much of their time away from
their books is taken up with this
sport. They are rugged fellows and
daring riders.
Marjorie and Vivian, Is and 10
years of age, are fond of all outdoor
sports that girls of their age can in
dulge in. Their faces are as brown
as COWBOYS and they have known
few days of illness. Both are clever
with tennis racquet and golf stick.
From early morning till late at
night the youngsters, Katherine and
George, Jr., the baby, three years
old, and the namesake of his father,
six, are busy playing on the wide
lawns or driving with gOverness and
nurse through the shaded roads of
the estate.
All the children, except the baby,
of course, are expert swimmers. They
have their own swimming pond, and
a gymnasium and casino are among
the features of their home
Among their best boy and girl
friends are the sons and daughters
of the servants in their fathers en-
ploy Each Christmas all these chill
dren are brought together in the ca
sine and they pick their holiday
gifts from the same tree.
Kingdom is studying to be a me-
chanical engineer and is taking a
course at the school of mines, Col
umbia university. Jay is taking q
general course. The children are as
apt at their studies as they are clev-
er at sport.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05

which submitted to being shod half
dozen times for the edification of
tie onlookers.
Another float that attracted much
attention was that of the Butchers
union II consisted of a float hand
somely decorated with red, white and
blue and steers heads
When the parade disbanded at the
corner of Pacific avenue and Seventh
street the Seattle unions were escort
ed to the headquarters of their Ia
coma brethren The Trades Council
and the local unions kept open house
all day and the visitors were well
cared for.
The sports on Tacoma avenue were
witnessed by large crowds during
the afternoon. They were in charge
OF the painters and furnished a vari-
ETY. of entertainment. In the tug-of-
war Tacoma unions won easily from
Seattle.
In the evening the Trades Council
ball at Fawoett hall was patroniZed
by large number of the members
of both the local and visiting unions.
II is estimated that about 1000
people came from Seattle on account
of the industrial feature of the pa
rade.
State Labor Commissioner Black
man was in the city during the day.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05

when they are not at school, bat are
often compelled to sit up late into
the night stitching buttons by the
light of a small lamp which serves
for the five or six persons clustered
around it,
The working day of adults lasts
from a. m. till 10 D. m, or even
later. A system of piecework pay
ment is in force, and the operators
have to do the work at their own
homes.
The average amount earned by an
adult worker is 8 cents per day and
children earn l cent per day. A
worker who earns cents per day is
regarded as having attained remark
able prosperity. Taking the good
and bad months together, the aver
age earnings of an adult worker
amounts to $40 per annum.
No less than 5000 persons are en-
gagged in this industry under these
conditions. The official report gives
a detailed account of several famil-
les selected by chance from hundreds
of cases. One of these families,
numbering two parents and three
children is described as living in a
room three yards square and two
yards high and possessing one small
window. A bed, a table, two chairs,
a cradle and a stove are the only ar
ticles of furniture and the air Is
foul beyond description. The whole
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05

LAGOS, West Africa, July g.
The sully cotton corner is to have
the effect of directing almost unlim-
tied European capital to the devel-
opment of the cotton growing indus
try of the Niger country, European
manufacturers lost millions in the
cotton squeeze, and they are now to
spend millions TO avoid a repetition
of this disaster The idea is to be
independent of American cotton and
the fluctuations of the American
market.
France, Britain and Germany have
found what promises TO be their sal
walton in their dependencies on the
West African coast The fertility OF
the soil, the adaptability of the eli
mate for yielding abundant natural
produce for commercial value, the
great physical strength of the pro-
life native races and the actual re-
suits of experimental cultivation of
cotton In this region establish II as
a future rival to the cotton growing
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05
BEAUTIFUL PARK
IS DEVASTATED

The park commissioners are not
saying Il told you So today. They
are merely casting rueful glances at
the result of last nights catastrophe
and wondering how many years it
will take to bring the park back to
its recent state of beauty.
Flower beds and shrubbery were
trampled and great black powder
streaks on the lawn mark the paths
OF some of the pieces of fireworks.
Here and there big pieces of bark are
torn from trees where they were
struck by rockets.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05

ty Jail on the suspicion that he is
a more desperate character than the
present circumstances would show.
The girl seems perfectly at home
in mans attire and declares that she
will never wear skirts again. Her
hair is cropped short, and no one
would suspect her of being girl.
Il first wore these toys in Port
land" she said in an interview. 81
found / could go anywhere and see
all kinds of things when | wore
them, so | decided this was the cos
tune for anyone who wanted to see
the world. I've been across the con-
tinent three times, all the way from
the Golden Gate TO Portland, Me-,
and from Vancouver to Florida That
is the only life worth living, the row.
ing life. Some ladies from the AS
ISOLATED Charities came here today
but they don't know anything. They
are good hearted all right and they
mean WELL but they don't know any
thing. How can they?"
While the girl is worldly wise to
a degree, there remains something
pathetically childish in her demean-
or which arouses the sympathy of all
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05
Cucumber Pickles.

Into two or three gallon jar put
one gallon of strong cider vinegar,
one cup of salt, two ounces each of
whole spices, cinnamon, alspice, pep
per, cloves, mustard seed and pow
dered alum. Wash and drain small
cucumbers and drop in spiced vine
gar. When the jar is filled scatter
over the pickles a few slices of horse
radish and few grape leaves. Now
over the whole place a plate and
weight it to keep the pickles under
the vinegar. Pickles can be bottled
if desired.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05
BANDITS HOLD STREET CAR
ON THE SIXTH AVENUE LINE

Two masked men held up car No.
SIS, on the Sixth avenue line, at the
terminal at 1880 this morning. Mo
torman Booth, Conductor Fenton
and an unknown passenger in the
car were commanded to throw up
their hands. at the point of two re-
volvers, and while one of the rob-
bers held the trio under cover the
other went through the pockets of
the victims
The highwaymen secured 81 from
the conductor and Sc from the pass
enger. Their next move was to or
der the three men off the car. Then,
taking charge of the controller, the
robbers sped down the line to K
street, where they left the car stand
ing, after throwing the controller
lever and brake handle away in the
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05

BUTTE, July 5.-Jennie Morri-
son, who gives her age as 10, but
who looks much younger, claims TO
have worn boys attire for six years
without discovery. Jennie was Ia
ken into custody by the Butte police
last week while attempting to board
an outgoing train. Her voice be-
trayed her as she cried to her part
ner for help. The girl had been on
the road with man named Edward
Grant, who is being held at the cOun-
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05
Chill DREN FORCED TO WORK
when ONLY four YEARS old

VIENNA, July 5.-The report of
an inquiry into the conditions of the
button making industry in Moravia
has been published, and reveals a
state of things not far removed from
actual slavery.
Children are employed in the man
ufacture of buttons as soon as they
are five years old Some children
are taught TO do the work when they
are four years old and it often hap
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05

pens that well developed infants are
employed even before they have
reached their fourth birthday The
work they do consists exclusively of
sewing and as there are seventy of
the small stitches close to one an
other on every small button the lit
tie ones eyes are seriously injured
by the occupation, which is always
carried on in badly lighted rooms.
The children are not only en-
ployed at every hour of the day
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05

street.
In the meantime the stranded car
men hurried to a telephone and noti-
fed the street car companys Office
of the hold-up A car was immedi-
ately sent out to bring the men back
to the city. While this was going
on, Officer Amidon had come across
the stranded car standing near K
street, and he at once notified the
central station that something was
wrong.
The street car men are unable to
give any accurate description of the
hold-ups, as they were both effective
ly masked.
The police made no effort to fol-
low up the bandits last night, but
today a detective was detailed on
the case.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05

family together earns s45 a year,
part of which is contributed by the
labor of the youngest child, aged
FIVE
In another case, a family consist
ing of two parents and five children
earns $50 a year. The two younger
children, aged one and two years
respectively, lie in the cradle in the
one little room in which the parents
are working day and night. An
other family of two parents and OF
three children earns a total of $50
a year. The eldest child is five years
of age and contributes to this am
cunt. The two younger children lie
in a cradle too small to accommodate
them with comfort and health in a
dark cupboard where light and air
hardly penetrate.
The annual expenditure of this
family is divided as follows:
Bread e. ...,.........,. $Zu
Rice .......... '..'..''''.'
Kent OF room .''.'s.''''
Tobacco ........... 49,.
Rent of small garden in which
potatoes are grown .......
Petroleum ........... .....
Meat is never eaten by these work.
ers and their earnings do not suffice
TO supply them with clothes, which,
however, in some cases, are given to
them by their employers.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05
SHE WEARS MANS CLOTHES IN
ORDER TO ROAM THE WORLD

who see her. She will not reveal the
name of her parents or tell where
she halls from She simply af-
firms that she likes to roam about
the world. and that so long as she
does not break the law no one has
the power to prevent her.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05
. oe . 90 . . . . . esseess

Mr.. Phillip has spent more
than a year in British West Az
RIGA and writes from first hand
knowledge Previous to this he
was a lieutenant in the Canad-
ian South African forces. The
international cotton congress,
just finished at Zurich, makes
this paper timely.-Ed.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05

comic
A
il needle.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-07-05

NEW YORK, July 5.---If it is true
as alleged by soclologists that race
suicide to the greatest extent pre-
walls among families of great wealth
there are exceptions which may go
to prove the rule. Probably the
most interesting exception is that of
George j. Gould, one of the worlds
richest men, and his beautiful wife,
who are rearing six healthy, fine
looking children.