davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The state herald., 1904-10-21
TO MEASURE STAR DISTANCE.
Bessel Solves Problem by Finding
QUANTITY of ParalIactic Chanoe-

Bessel Solves Problem by Findina
Quantity Of Parallaetie Change.
What is the length Of this room :?
Anyone can make this simple meas
urement with a two-foot rule. How
far is II from this house to the end
OF the street? This question also can
be answered easily with surveyors
tape-measure. But how many people
ever think of the possibility OF meas
uring the distance OF an inaccessible
object? To discover how far away n
thing is, when We cannot reach 1t in
order to measure the distance-thls is
problem OF a very different kind.
And when the distant goal of those
luminous stars from which We are
sundered by the profound depths OF
space; when that object is not only
supremely inaccessible. but also re-
mote to degree nearly as infinite as
the human mind can grasp-in such
n case the problem OF distance Is not
merely one OF attractive difficulty; It
is one that stlrs the Imagination
strongly.
observational problem. His method
was simple enough. We have seen
that the actual quantity OF parallactic
change In n stars position diminishes
with the stars distance. Consequent
ly we have but to measure the
amount OF this change in order TO
have at once an estimate OF the stars
distance.
So Bessel selected his star on ac.
count OF It's large motion as indicated
by the older star catalogues. His
method OF observation, like every
method destined for conspicuous sue.
cess. was perfectly simple. Two small
auxiliary stars were selected near the
one under observation for parallnx.
Every observing night Besscl meas.
ured the exact distance on tho face
OF the fky between each small star
and the pnrallas star
He judged quite correctly that these
two insignificant objects must really
be almost Infinitely far from us. II
such was the case. they must be per.
fectly free from any apprcciablo paral.
Tactic shift. even according 10 the
copcrnican theory. II. on the other
hand. the suspector star really II near
us, Il must suffer parallnetic changes.
and these must make II appear 20
swing back and forth during tho year
between tho two auxiliary stars
narnar's w.akly
The state herald., 1904-10-21
FOR HOME AND FIREslDE.
Lincoln Signed Homestead Lnw-Mil-
Hons Thus BECOME Freehoidcra.


The Homestead Law was passed by
Republican Congrcss-Democrnts oppos-
ing-and signed by President Abraham
Lincoln in 1862. 1t has proven to be
one OF the most beneficial measures ever
enacted by Congress or signed by a
President. 1t has largely populated the
West, up to date, with independent
home-owning citizens. 1t opened to i'm
mediate settlement millions OF acres of
public domain, chiefly west of the Mis-
sissippi. Settlers rushed in from the
Eastern States and from Europe. More
than any other influence, it has contrib-
uted to the development of the Western
states and the rapid growth Of the ma
| ton.
The Democratic party was true to its
policy of obstruction in this, as 1t has
been In every other measure intended
for the good of all the people, The first
bill, introduced in 1859, passed the
House by n vote of 100 to 10. The Re
publicans We're supported by a few scat
tering Northern Democratic votes, but
| the Southern Democrats voted in body
| against it. The Senate was then Demo.
cratic, and no vote was taken In the up
| per house. In March, 1860, Mr.. Love
| joy reported the Grow Homestead bill,
| and 1t was passed by vote OF 1l5 to
60; all OF the affirmative votes. except
one, being from the free States. The
| Senate passed a different bill and there
was conference which finally agreed
| upon a modified bill This was vetoed
June o, 1850, by the Democratic Presi-
dent, Buchanan.
In 1862, when the Republicans had a
| majority OF 81 in the House and II in
the Senate, new homestead bill was
passed and signed by President Lincoln,
as stated. The measure was framed by
Republicans and passed by Republican
| votes At the same session were passed
| the acts establishing Department of
Agriculture and providing for agricul-
tural colleges. In 1864, 1870 and 1872
bills were passed by Republicans giving
Union soldiers special homestead priv
| ieges. These measures encouraged thou
| sands OF soldiers who were discharged
| in 1865 and 1866 to emigrate from the
| East to such States as Iowa, Nebraska,
| Kansas and the Dakotas. in the middle
| West.
There are many and strong reasons
why the western farmers, ranchmen and
miners should vote the Republican ticket,
but the national Republican Legislation
that gave homesteads to millions is
enough, OF itself to bind the West ire
vocably to the Republican party.
The state herald., 1904-10-21
THE POWER OF GRIT.
Make Up Your Mind to Task, and
You viii Do II,

W. "'"'a W q aoNb anu
You viii Do It.
To carry on the back pack weigh
ing hundred pounds or more means
not only strong muscles but mastery
OF. balance. In the Forest, Mr..
Stewart Edward White says that the
first time he did any packing he had a
hard time stumbling few hundred
feet with just fifty pounds on his
back. At the end of that same trip he
could carry a hundred pounds and
lot of canoe poles and guns over a
long portage without serious incon.
venience. Mr.. White says:
At first packing is as near Internal
punishment as merely mundane con.
ditions can compass. Sixteen brand.
new muscles ache. at first DULY. then
sharply, then intolerably, until 1t
seems you cannot bear 1t another sec.
ond. At first you rest every time you
feel tired. Then you begin to feel very
tired every fifty feet. Then you have
to do the best you can, and prove the
pluck that is in you.
Mr.. Tom Friant, an old woodsman
of wide experience, has often told me
with relish of his first try at carrying.
He had about sixty pounds, and his
companion double that amount. Mr..
Friant stood 1t for what seemed like
few centuries, and then sat down.
He could not have moved another
step If gun had been at his ear.
Whats the matter?" asked his
companion.
DEL" said Friant, "I'm all In. I
can't navigate. Here's where quit" "
Cant you carry her any farther?"
mot an inch"
well. pile her on. I'll carry her for
YOU"
Friant looked at him a moment in
silent amazement.
DO you mean to say that you are
going to carry your pack and mine,
too?"
That's what l mean to say. I'll do
1t II have to-
Friant drew long breath. well" +"
said he, at last, ''if little. sawed-ofr
chap like you can wiggle under hun
uieu anu eiSh's, buess Sah hiahe IL
under sixty"
That's right" said Del, imperturb.
ably. IF you think you can, you
can"
And did," ends Friant, with a
chuckle.
Therein lies the whole secret. The
work is irksome, painful, out II you
think you can do 1t, you can; for al.
though great is the protest of the hu.
man frame against what 1t considers
abuse, greater still is the power of a
mans grit
The state herald., 1904-10-21

Senator Bacon has been reduced 20
tears because the North continues TO pre-.
sent a practically solid front to the Solid
South nearly forty years after the clos
ing Of the bloody chnsm. The emotional
senator should reserve his tears for the
Solid South. When they can dissolve
that bourbon combination Of traditional
mistrust aud exploded political dogmns
the chief cause and excuse for sectional
politics will disappear. Why doesn't
senator Bacon begin a campaign for the
secession OF Georgia from the Solid
gouihY or course he will answer "Tbc
Negro" iiut. 40 far ns national politics
go. the negro l. the mefest bogey ever
injured out Of the brain OF political
dcmngogueu.
The state herald., 1904-10-21
Eddie Enx and ,h, nahY.

Next TO Eddie Foy on u street car q
BIZ Of mn infant In itH mothers arms
was screaming with all l,a tiny might
Tho tiny might with which n
screamed drowned the roar Of u nat
wheel.
The mother tried 10 qulot tho vocal
cyclone with bottle and by talking,
but tho mite was too busy making
noises with ilH mouth TO use II ON tho
bottle and couldn't hear n word OF tho
talk.
Suddenly roy waved HIS hand
Tho shiny, ll;tic. distorted red face
The state herald., 1904-10-21
MINERS LIKE ROOSEVELT.
william Little Tells Why the Presi-
dent Should lie Elected.

Democrlcy's campaign managers are
trying their utmost To show that Presi-
dent Roosevelt " not the friend OF the
wage Garner. but are meeting with re-
bnifs ON every hand. All the big, pros.
perons labor organiza tions are nom par
tisan. strictly ignoring politics as n body.
but influential members are not chary In
expressing their views individually. VIII
liam Little. member of the executive
board OF the United Miners OF America.
is as careful an observer OF public senti-
ment ns can be found in the great army
OF tolers. lie travels extensively, and
has become convinced. after talking with
representative labor unionisis through
the country. that there Is nothing or
nobody In II hut Roosevelt" as he terse.
ly sizes up the political situation. In Rn
interview ia the Labor World OF Pitts.
burg. printed In It's issue OF Sept. .,
Mr.. Little says;
I md Roosevelt sentiment prevailing
among those who do not take much Interest
IN politics hs well NJ among those who do,
Roosevelt Viii certninly have hig vote
among the worlinEmen for II IL their nrm
conviction that be Is their friend, And let
me remark that b" N true friend. have
watched his policy toward organized inhor
ever since he became public mnu, and be-
yund all doubt he II In sincere sympathy
With the man who works for wages There
Il no denying this fact lie may not be
able 20 secure all thnt We reasonably need.
but We eau depend upon II that he will get
IN more than any other man ! know of.
| am aware that among the workinFmen
there are many who will neither vote the
Democratic or Republican tickets They
VIII vote for some radical candidate, Let
me point out n great truth aud II n this
n We do not want 10 throw our vote away
let Ms east II for Roosevelt. To vote for
the Socialist ticket Il wasting vote for
there Il no possible chance for other than
the Democratic or Republican candidate be.
ing elected, ~ II simply contest b"a
tween Parker aud Roosevelt, aud We all
know that TEDDY" hns been our friend nnd
will remain -. We don't know what Par.
krr H. but he cannot be- any better than
Roosevelt and there are ~ chances 10 l
Hrniust bis being HH good u j. our duty,
therefore, 10 usr our votes IN way that
they will do most good, We eau do this by
voting for Roosevelt.
The state herald., 1904-10-21

preached him. that baHllisk gnsc bo.
fore which tho hearts Of strong mon
have often turned 10 water.
hut tho child was IN nowlHe abaahod.
"Plek up my bail" she said impcfa.
lively. Lord Kitchener frowned and
answered not
"pick up my ball" reiterated tho
small damsol lBslstently,
Haven't you got u nurse7" said
Lord Kitchener In mn awful voice.
Tho inlorroFntlyo mood waa an.
swofed by tho Imperative,
"pleh Mp my balll'
Lord Kitchener looked round do.
The state herald., 1904-10-21

you're the first Parker man I've
seen" said an Illinois man to New
York Democrat who had strny~l away
from the city and travelled west for n
change.
well" said the New Yorker. I'VE
don't expect TO elect Parker. but We are
gathering the pieces together to recon.
siruct the regular Democratic party. leay'
Ing out the wild'eyed wonders Of 1890
and 1900 In about eight years wen be-
ready for business"
Rather hard. that, on the Esopus eau.
dldntsl
The state herald., 1904-10-21

relaxed Two biz. blue moons sailed
out from n cloud, Thcy shono lam,
bontly on foy.
"Gool"
People began 10 laugh. and tho fem.
lnino contingent looked admirlngly at
FUy.
In tho midst of tho laughter tho In.
fnnt was beginning again.
"liushl" cautioned Foy, eScltedly, 10
tho passengers. "iyo rot II blufrod."
onco more Foy executed HIS magic
rostufo Tho pquall rot worse.
Finally roy doslstod lie whlsperedi
The state herald., 1904-10-21

Grover Cleveland originated the
phrase, III !. q condition that confron,s
~, not theiry." Applying II 90 the
present situation II may be remarked
that the condition Is Republican prosper.
i,y aud the theory consists of Demo.
cratic pfutuIut,,
The state herald., 1904-10-21
Railroad Prosperity n...a,. III, r.o.

The Illinois Ccntrnl's total pay roll for
the year ended June 10, 1901 according
To liz annual report Just issued. showed
rain of S2.iO0.5n5 over tho previous
year.
This IL n significant bit of testimony
~ TO how times are still improving under
Republican rule, aud nH tU the HbHurllty
II III. statement ~ II, q. Davis, tho
Drnu,rntic candidate for Vice President,
The state herald., 1904-10-21
pio Stalks Of Corn,

George Cool, took two stalks of corn
10 the worlds fair that measured ~
faet In length Il would have re-.
anlrod nfoot H,epladdef for a man
10 have been able 10 pull tho ears of
corn from the stalls when standing
straight up,=tyron 20. ~ Hepub.
iitAn,
The state herald., 1904-10-21
A Coming surpr,.e 10, Tsmm.,,,

There are likely to be some surprises
for Democrats, even In the New Yorl,
city elections. The Russian nnd Ger
man Jews are, TO man, for Roosevelt.
and for obvious reasons. lie Is the
champion Of the oppressed of all nations,
and has spoken out. with no uncertain
tones, for the most oppressed, maligncd
and abused race In existence.
The state herald., 1904-10-21

The Railway Employee Twentieth
Century Club Of Illinois j. up 10 date.
IL adopted resolution indor.ing pfesi-
dent Roosevelt and drnounciug the Dem
ocfatie national platform Hs devoid ae
sincerity" IT, bard to fool a good rail-
road man,
The state herald., 1904-10-21
One Credit MARX TO New York Demo
Gratis.

One good thing can be said OF tho
New York Democracy. II u rapidly
clearing the higher court bench OF So
tive political inrses. First Judge rhrL-
or. and now Judge iierrick. NcKtf
The state herald., 1904-10-21

"untii our opponents .s a party ss-
p'Ielti, adopt ,h. view. which We hold
aud upon which We have acted snd sr.
acting, In til. matter 81 = sousd cur
vency. the ooiy real way 60 keep the
question from becoming unsettled 10
10 Keep th. Republican party Tn
noMrr. -kn..tslt'. lniInf u a,espt ans..
The state herald., 1904-10-21

The elc'ilon next month will indeed
turn upon the irirNorthinoss of the 70,
spertlre parties, and Republicans bldr
tho result with th" confidence born ~ u
stewardship faithfully, nournsc0uFly aud
successfully administered,
The state herald., 1904-10-21

"rt I. idi. 10 cay that IN. monetary
stan lard Of tho Nation 10 ,rre,oesbiy
Gs,d 60 long o. III. party which at III.
is.t election east approximately forty.
-it per cent. Of the total vote. refuse.
~ put In ~. platform any -tst-m-pt
that the question bi-.ettirj. - k.-a,ult's
lst,., at
The state herald., 1904-10-21
TOO MUCH FOR KITCHENER.
ores, Soldier ineop,inen,ly Defeated
By email Maiden.

II happened ON board the ship con.
yoylng Lord Kitchener 10 India.
ono afternoon "K. Of X" was dor.
Ing In his deck chair, for even Homer
mods awhile, when the small maiden
in question, playing with her bail. per.
hnps by accident. perhaps by design.
let Il ny into hlp lordnhlp's face,
whence Il rolled 10 HIS feet Lord
Kitchener woke Mp and turned upon
the child, who by this tlmo had ap.
The state herald., 1904-10-21

President Roosevelt personally stands
for courage, honesty. decenry, strength
aud common sense, A. R"pnbncnn he
stands for wise administration ~ the
laws. serving nil classes alike, He real
lIes he is the servant of all the people,
sworn 90 act without discrimination,
The state herald., 1904-10-21
A w,,..rs, 10, Roo.,,.,,.

"I'll carry you, New York. said Par.
ker.
The good old State snidi GLOW you
talk!
On this plain truth Just put n marker
I'm more than old enough 10 walk"
The state herald., 1904-10-21
A aiyoAway.

Lusehman-"M wife wanted 10
know all about what had been doing
whom I rot home last night
Klubman-"why didn't you put her
on1"
LuHchman-"i dld, but my eondi-
tlon put her on
The state herald., 1904-10-21

There will be hnll1t.box famine in
the middle wrst unless the election on,-
cinls provide good stock ~ new Que.
10 hold the hfsi voters ballots for Roo-e.
Nrlt,
The state herald., 1904-10-21

oh. I wish the war were overt
wonI the cruel work we're dpno'
Would the party were united,
And the many cran.A ~ Que,
"A. II, T..
The state herald., 1904-10-21
N.a s,nI. cnlnt.

A London fashion authority states
that the new winter color will be "eml.
noneo" tho peculiar shade OF purple
worn ny cardinals,
The state herald., 1904-10-21

Republicans IN Maryland are making
gallant hElt flr pure grit and rgit
there" Mafylandef oyery titpsl
The state herald., 1904-10-21

spalrlnEly. but rolnforeomonH woro
not In sight where IL your mothofr
ho said weakly
"Pick-up-- Tho ultima
tum was delivered In cfescondo tones
which suggested tho lmmlncnco Of
something worse 10 follow and Lord
Kitchener meokly complied, Then 10
fed incontinently TO the smoking room.
The state herald., 1904-10-21
Inc Irnth Ahnnt Il.

"a doubtful Sinto'' the Demmies say,
hut later on thoy'll shout less,
For after next election day
They'll hnd the State was doubtless.
The state herald., 1904-10-21

ITS tough To fall down on tho CO.
coro,"-Now York Telegraph.
The state herald., 1904-10-21

Then She Said Something.
There's no nao talking"
And you just found Il outI'
The state herald., 1904-10-21
A l,ft.lianded Emergency,

Innocent ByBthndor- woman
doesn't look aB n she needed doc.
tor
Doctor-sh; | need patients.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1904-02-20
LOWE MUCH CRATIFIED
 AT HUNTSVILLE ACTION
Says His Canvass for Presidency of Railroad Commission Is Progressing
 Very Satisfactorily.

The contest for the presidency of the railroad commission is still the absorbing theme in Alabama politics.
 Robert J. Lowe, the candidate endorsed by the Jefferson county democratic execu- tive committee, when seen yesterday said that he had nothing of special interest 10 give out He said that his work was pro- gressing steadily and satisfactorily, and that his letters were of a most encourage ing nature.
 MT. Lowe had just received a letter from Madison county enclosing an ac count of the proceedings of mass meet ing held in Hunts sille on last Wednes- day. At this meeting a campaign commit tee was appointed of which R. l.. O'Neal. for many years editor and proprietor of the Huntsville Mercury, was made chair man, and Hon. John H. Wallace, secre- tary. The meeting was called to order by the Hon. John M Hampton of Meridian- vile. On motion of Hon. Walter A. Given of Gurley, MT. O'Neal was made permanent chairman. Hon. R. E. Spragins was chairman of the committee on reso- lutions. MT. Lowe said that he was very much gratified by this action taken with out his suggestion or instance in the county of his birth, as much so as when the county executive committee of Jeffer- son county, the home of his adoption, gave him an unanimous endorsement.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1904-02-20
SOUTHERN IRON IS
 STILL QUITE DULL
ZERO WEATHER IN THE NORTH HAS iNTERFERED WITH FoUN- DRY oPERATloNs-Bio SALES ARE IN BUYERS FAVOR.

The southern iron market is stin very quiet and few sales are being made at the new quotations with s9.5o for No. g. Rogers. Brown & Co.'S circular of yes terday's date says:
 The inquiries for pig iron during tho past week have probably been as num- erous as could be expected under exist ing conditions. With the temperature at zero and below, foundries are unable to work to advantage and the disposition still exists to order at the last moment and then request that the shipment be followed by a wire tracer. An impression prevails that nwire tracer is of great efficacy in getting forward iron and coke. while as a matter of fact it in most cases amounts to nothing. When the rail- road wires are burdened with business. 1t is not to be supposed that they will load them still more heavily to trace non- perlshable goods.
 A great deal of expense, loss and in- convenience would be avoided If the con- sumers would return to the old plan of carrying at least thirty days stock on their yards and keep month ahead of their wants all the time. It Is true that during the past year some money has been saved by delaying purchases. but prices are now down to point where any probable saving of this kind is more than counter balanced by running out of material and being obliged to shut down the foundry. The railroads are doing the best they can but their business Is very heavy and movements are hampered by the severity of the weather. and in many instances also by lack of cars. The sell ing agents do everything they can to hurry shipments and 1t sometimes hap pens that their expense In the matter of telegraphing and telephonng is greater than the commission they receive on car load orders.
 The eagerness of producers to dispose of their current output Is shown by the number represented at each letting of pig iron contracts, and to some extent is operating in the buyers favor Prices therefore are somewhat unsettled and IT, regular.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1904-02-20
EAST LAKE WILL
 BE GREAT RESORT Jake Wells and Others Have
 Become Interested WELLS TO BE MANAGER Large Capital to Be Invested on the Amusement Grounds and Buildings.
 Plans Being Developed on
 Metropolitan Scale.
WELLS TO BE MANAGER

East Lake is to be made the most at- tractive amusement resort in the south. Before the warm weather comes again more than $4O,OO0 will have been spent on the grounds and the various devices for amusement and restoration. The place win easily surpass Ponce de Leon, Atlan- ta's resort which was formerly considered the most up to date in the south.
 Jake Wells and the company he repre- sents has entered into a contract with number of prominent business man in the city, and they are prepared to spend large amounts of money. The contract was signed yesterday morning, and MT. Wells is preparing now to get landscape gardener, a skilled carpenter and others to put up the various forms of amuse ment
 The local men interested are Webb Crawford, Culpepper Exum, Robert Jem- ison, RAfus N Rhodes, E. J. McCrossin and Bradley J. Saunders. MT. Wells will be general manager of the place.
 Meeting Yesterday.
 A meeting of these men was held yes terday morning and the situation was carefully gone over The local men were interested and MT. Wells showed them where he was able to put in the best at fractions to be had. He made them proposition, which was accepted, and the papers were signed in a short time. Nego- tiations had been pending for some time.
 One of the first changes to be made will be in the theatre. This will be roofed over, the seats made better. the stage improved and everything arranged so that it can be run on a larger and pay ing basis. To the theatre Mr Wells will bring the same combinations of snows that he has in his chain of summer thea tres and parks. He is at the head of a syndicate which controls and runs a large number of summer resorts, and mary acts can be placed here at very low prices on account of the many weeks of booking that can be given them.
 Modern Amusements.
 Ir the Eark will be constructed all the modern kinds of amusement One of these will be a roller-coaster which Is very exciting. Besides this there will be such things as are found at the eastern resorts.
 proved. Modern and first class refresh ment stands will be placed at different parts of the park and. and privileges will Le sold.
 The place will be run on scale larger than that in any other city of this size In the south. Birmingham IS known as a good show town and MT. Wells believes that there are enough people in the city and on the car lines to make this a pay ing investment
 He left last night for Nashville and Memphis, but will be in Birmingham again tomorrow to make additional plans for East Lake. MT. Saunders is largely interested in the place.