The News-Herald. [volume] (Hillsboro, Highland Co., Ohio) 1886-1973, 1904-12-08

except such as would give to anotner ~~s-
poration Information which would injure
the legitimate business of a competitor ana
destroy the Incentive for Individual supe-
riority and thrift.
The bureau has also made exhaustive
examinat tions into the legal condition uu-
der which corporate business Is carried
on in the various states; into all judicial
decisions on the subject; and Into the
various systems of corporate taxation In
use. 1 call special attention to the report
OF the chief of the bureau: and l earn
estly ask that the congress carefully con-
slider the report and recommendations Of
the commissioner on this subject.
! The business of insurance vitality Affects
the great mass of the people OF the
United States and Is national and not
local in its application. 1t Involves
multitude of transactions among the peo-
pie of the different states and between
American companies and foreign govern
ments. 1 urge that the congress care
fully consider whether the power OF the
bureau of corporations cannot constitu-
tionaily be extended to cover Interstate
transactions in insurance
Rebates.
Above all else. we must strive to keep
the highways Of commerce open to all on
equal terms: and to do this II Is neces-
sary to put a complete stop to all re-
bates. Whether the shipper or the rail-
road Is to blame makes no difference;
the rebate must be stopped, the abuses
OF the private car and private terminal
track and sde-track systems must be
stopped and the legislation of the Fifty
eighth congress which declares 1t to be
unlawful for any person or corporation
to offer, grant. give, solicit. accept or
receive any rebate, concession or discriin-
nation In respect of the transportation
of any property in interstate or foreign
commerce whereby such property sh III
by any device whatever be transported at
a less rate than that named In the tarifs
published by the carrier must be en-
forced For some time after the enact
ment of the act to regulate commerce II
remained n mooted question whether that
act conferred upon the luters,ate COM
merce commission the power after ii had
found challenged rate TO be unreason-
able to declare what thereafter should,
prima facie. be the reasonable maximum
rate for the transportation In dispute
The supreme court finally resolved that
question In the negative. so that as the
law now stands the commission simply
possess the bare power to denounce
particular rate as unreasonable. While 1
am of the opinion that at present 1t
would be undesirable II II were not i'm
practicable. finally to- clothe the commits
sion with general authority to fix rail-
road rates, ] do believe that, as a fair
security to shippers. the commission
should be vested with the power where
after full hearing found to be unreason-
able. to decide, subject to judicial re-
view what shall be reasonable rate to
take its place; the ruling of the com
mission to take effect immediately and
TO obtain unless and until II Is reversed
by the court of review The government
must in increasing degree supervise and
regulate the workings of the railways
engaged in interstate commerce.. and such
increased supervision is the only alterna-
tive to an increase OF the present evils
on the one hand or a still more radical
policy on the other In my judgment the
most important legislative act now need
ed regards the regulation OF corpora
tions IL this act to confer on the inter-
state commerce commission the power to
revise rates and regulations, the revised
rate to at once go into effect, and to stay
in effect unless and until the court of re-
view reverses IT,
Department of Agriculture.
The department of agriculture has grown
into an educational institution with fac
ulty Of 1000 specialists making research
into all the sciences Of production. The
congress appropriates, directly and indi-
rectly, $6,0OO,000 annually to carry on this
work 1t reaches every state and territory
In the union and the islands Of the sea late
ly come under our flag. Cooperation Is had
with the state experiment stations. and
with many other institutions and individ-
l.
new varieties of grains. fruits. grasses.
vegetables, trees and shrubs. suitable to
various localities in our country; and
marked benefit to our producers has re-
suited.
The activities Of our age In lines of re-
search have reached the tillers Of the soil
and inspired them with ambition to know
more Of the principles that govern the
forces of nature with which they have to
deal. Nearly. half OF the people of this
country devote their energies to growing
things from the soil. Until a recent date
little has been done to prepare these mil
lions for their life work. In most lines OF
human activity college trained men are
the leaders. The farmer had no oppor-
tunity for special training until the con.
gress made provision for 1t 40 years ago
During these years progress has been made
and teachers have been prepared. Over
5000 students are in attendance at our state
agricultural colleges. The federal govern
ment expends $l0,000000 annually toward
this education and for research In Wash
ington and In the several states and terri
tories The department of agriculture hal
given facilities for post graduate work L
/, 800 young men during the last seven years
! : preparing them for advanced lines of worl
In the department and In the state institu
!, . tions.
Irrigation.
. During the two and half years tina
have elapsed since the passage OF th'
. reclamation act rapid progress has beer
made In the surveys and examinations o
!, the opportunities for reclamation In tn
" l3 states and three territories Of the arit
west. Construction has already been be
gun on the largest and most importan
: of the irrigation works. and plans are be
ing completed for works which will util
. ize the funds now available. The opera
!, tions are being carried on by the recla
a a nation service. corps of engineers se
. lected through competitive civil-servic
a examinations. This corps includes ex
- :, perienced consulting and constructin
4, engineers as well as various experts Il
mechanical and legal matters. and is com
posed largely Of men who have spen
: most of their lives In practical affair
IT connected with irrigation. The large
IT problems have been solved and II nov
70 remains to execute with care. econom!
d and thoroughness the work which ha
ts been laid out. All important details ar
ID being carefully considered by boards 0
3 consulting engineers, selected for thei
ir thorough knowledge and practical ex
a. perlence. Each project is taken up o.
We the ground by competent men and We've
IS from the standpoint of the creation 0
he prosperous homes, and of promptly re
re funding to the treasury the cost Of con
1t structlon The reclamation act has bee
ne found to be remarkably complete and ef
e. fective. and SO broad In Its provision
that wide range OF undertakings ha
lg been possible under 1t. At the sam
OF time, economy Is guaranteed by the fa'
,e that the funds must ultimately be n
Mt turned to be used over again.
tn Forests.
r 1t is the cardinal principle OF the fores
Is reserve policy of this administration thi
II the reserves are for use. Whatever IN