The Hawaiian gazette., 1904-11-18
,contlnued from Page 4,

results had always been produced by
certain means or In certain manner,
hut now he suddenly finds his so-cnllcd
rules or laws" all wrong
We have found that land producing
cane which still responds To- high grade
chemical fertilizers. when treated with
the amount formerly applied, II the
first cane to be attacked by the Leaf
hopper when II makes its appearance
In the late fall or winter. aud II IL In
such cane that often the greatest dam
age Is done. We think that the stimu-
lation and rapid growth produced by
the fertilizer has only invited the hop
per to lay it's eggs In the soft succulent
leaves and thus much larger crop OF
young hoppers hatch from such cane.
and as they do the most damage, the
more Juice In the leaves the more food
for the young hoppers and greater n
mount of the resultant honey dew In
which flourish the fungus diseases. We
have therefore thought 1t better prac-
tice to cut down the percentage of nj
trogen in the fertilizer at time OF plant
ing to point that would produce no
excessive growth of leaf and stalk and
thus render the leaves hard and fibrous
rather than soft and succulent during
the winter months when the hopper IL
most active OH
Where the leaves are dry and fibrous
the adult hopper does not seem to lay
as many eggs owing perhaps to the
difficulty of depositing them properly,
or not being placed far enough into the
cellular tigsue of the hard leaves, they
project above the surface where ants.
the larvae of the lace wing fly and per-
haps other insects devour them before
they can hatch. If. as the entomolo-
gists tell us, the presence of an abun-
dance of food causes the wingless vari-
ETY. of hopper to appear Is not the APP
plication of large amounts of soluble
nitrogen conducive to the development
OF the wingless hopper which they say
lays the most eggs? When the warm
months of spring arrive and the wing
less hoppers have disappeared and the
egg laying Is about over then we APP
ply the nitrogen which had been taken
from the fertilizer applied at time of
planting.
HANDLING OF CANE.
The report of the committee on
and transportation of cane,
was presented by Manager George +.
Renton of Eva Plantation, Oahu. He
said in part:
Gentlemen: Since the inception of the
sugar industry in these Islands the
and Transportation of Cane
has been one of its principal problems.
The first consideration under this head
is to deliver sufficient cane at the fac
tory ito keep the mill going" The
second consideration is the reduction
of cost of whatever system may be
used to obtain the first.
Thus each district has, after years of
experiment, about settled to it's salts
faction the system or combination of
systems best suited to it's needs. Hilo
and Eastern Kohala has its fumes,
Eastern Hamakua it's trolleys, Paau-
hau it's gravity road, Kohala it's COM
of wagons and traction en-
gines, and Oahu, Maui and Kauai their
railroad systems. 1t is prob
ably a fair inference to say that, for
some time to come, there will be prob
ably little change in the transportation
systems now used.
The problem is to perfect, reduce the
labor of, and economic those systems.
In short, the problem has almost ceas-