The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1904-07-05

twenty-five 70 uLlg LeeI IN NtukIlt PeF6H
with blocks OF stone, which connected
their royal capital at cuzeo with The
various provinces. Part of the way
these were cut out Of solid stone, and
often assembled precipitous heights by
a series of stone stairways. Traces OF
these roads still exist In many iocali-
ties. .- .-z.s
The enthusiastic archaeoiogist inyes-
tigating the archaeological ruins is
somewhat handicapped by government
restrictions, which limit the nature and
extent of the excavations. Fortunately.
however, Notwithstanding the lapse Of
centuries since the Incas and deal off
vandalism, there still remain several
groups OF interesting temples and great
religious buildings. Nothing is left Of
these in most cases but a series Of or
Iiamented walls, those on the coast be-
ing profusely DECORATED with fresco
work, which attest to a superior knowl-
edge of the art Of construction and or
namentation at this early period. The
interiors of these buildings were law
ishly adorned with furnishings OF pure
gold and silver, which supplied yalua-
BILE loot to the Spanish conquerors. Mr..
Bandelier, a United States government
explorer, examined and partially exea-
waited ground plans of several Of the
| important ruined sites within the zone
of Inca territory @~5~z ~r-ss.
NOTEWORTHY COAST RUINS.
Some Of the most noteworthy Of the
coast ruins investigated by Mr.. Bande-
| Iier were those of Cham Chan, COM
monty called chimu, near the present
| city of Truxiilo. The ruins extend for
q distance of three miles, and are one
and half miles In width. Nothing re-
mains Of the original appearance and
former grandeur Of the buildings ex-
cept well laid foundations, massive
and peculiarly ornannented walls and
groups of single story, gable rooted
houses and courtyards. Mr.. Bandelier
estimates that some forty thousand
persons occupied the place. The best
ancient information of the Chan Chan
ruins and those in the immediate vicin-
| itys is to be derived from the early
Spanish chronicler, Cleza de Leon. who
visited this locality about a decade af-
! ter the conquest, and is considered the
most trustworthy authority. According
to De Leon, this valley III pre-Spanish
times was dominated by several power
full chiefs or lords, who waged warfare
continually with near and distant
tribes, and were feared and obeyed BY
their subjects. Each lord or ruler re-
sided in a great city. the seat az his
realm, which contained various impos-
ling buildings. When these sovereigns
were subdued by the Incas, still larger
land more pretentious structures were
erected. The architectural plan Of
Chan-Chan comprised a series Of about
twenty open squares of courtyards IN
/ tersecting one another. On certain
sides facing these were erected a NUM-
4ber OF palaces Or religious edifces.
Each square was surrounded BY an ex-
i terror wall of adobe blocks. twenty-five
feet in height The larger buildings
contained innumerable chambers ana
corridors, traversed by narrow pas
sageways. Many treasures Of gold and
silver are said to have been found in
these chambers and apartments.
Around one Of the great public squares
were arranged some OF the one story
5adobe dwellings, Of the inhabitants.
These are to-day graphically outlined.
land preserve their original appearance.
showing sharply pitched gable roofs.
There are no traces Of windows. Light
and ventilation seem TO have been fur
nished BY the door alone. 1T is sup
/ posed that some Of the kreat squares
and Enclosures were occupied by the
various craftsmen and Industrial work.
ers In pottery, weavers and dyers Of
fabrics, and fashioners OF metal orna-
ments for the use Of the ruler, his
/ household and his priests. One or the
curiosities discovered BY Mr. Bande-
lier was an altar some fifty feet below
the surface, which formed the heart Of
a great artificial mound, and which ev-
identity occupied the central place In a
large building devoted to religious wor.
ship.
| FULFILLING RUINS.
IL nar