The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1904-07-10

, which he had earned the right TO MI
so long as he should care to remain in
public life.
The presidential campaign in 1856
brought TO the fore the most powerful
Of all the third parties which have ap-
peared in American politics, except the
Populist party Of a more recent time
This was the knOwnOthing. or Amer
lean party. originally an OathbOund or
der for the avOwed purpose of checking
the influence Of foreign born voters
Because its members pTOfessed utter
/ ignorance Of its existence, they became
known as KnownOthings. In 1854 the
year in which the Republican party
was born. the KnOwnothings carried
Massachusetts and Delaware. and in
1885 they swept the states of Massa-
/ chusetts. New Hampshire Rhode Isl
and Connecticut. New York. Maryland.
Kentucky and California. Then relax
ing most Of their secrecy and adopting
the name American party, in 1886 they
nominated Willard Fillmore for pTesi-
dent, and in so doing brought defeat to
the Republicans. Fremont the nom
inee Of the latter party. carried eleven
northern states, but the iuterposition
Of Fillmore's candidacy lost him Penn
sylvania and Illinois, and assured the
election of Buchanan. the Democratic
!
and his popular vote was $4,000 as
compared with 100000 for Fremont
and 100000 for Buchanan.
In the campaign Of 1860 there were
many voters who refused 10 take their
place i'm the Republican party. with
Lincoln as its candidate. or in either
of the warning factions of the Democ-
racy. one OF which had nominated
Douglas and the other Breckinridge.
This body Of voters was composed
chiefly of Know NOthfngs and old
Wings. reinforced by a sprinkling of
ultra conservative Democrats and Tim
id Republicans who rightfully feared
that the election OF Lincoln would pre-
CIpitdte secession and civil war These
adopted the name Of Constitutional
JnionistS. and. seeking TO steer a mid
ole course between the two great par
ties on the slavery tissue. nominated
Bell and Everett. on q platform which
declared vaguely for the constitution
Of the country. the union IF the states
and tho enforcement Of the laws. d"
Eough the stars fought against the
Constitutional Uni0BistS. they never
theless PoiIed a popular vote Of so. GOO
and carried the states of Virginia. Ken
tuehy and Tennessee with an electoral
vote Of thirty-nire. the largest vote
in the electoral college eve. gained BY
any minor party. Lincoln had a popu-
lar vote Of $50 600 and $50 electoral
votes, and Breckenridge. the nominee
of the southern wing of the Democracy.
nad S4S,Voo popular and seventy-two
eiectoTal votes. while Douglas had L
$4,000 popular votes. but in the cleo
toraI college received only Miss0uri's
hlne votes and three Of New Jersey s
seven.
The first third party to appear in the
held after the civil war period was the
Liberal Republican. which. in 1872. with
Greeley as its candidate and the in
dorsement Of the Democrats. carried
SIX states. with sixty-three electoral
votes. as compared with 2S6 electoral
votes received by Grant. The campaign
IF 1872 also marked the entrance of the
Prob bition party. pledged to the SUP
preston of the manufacture and sale
of alcoholic liquors by state and federal
legislation. which has had a ticket in
the field IN every subsequent presiden-
tial canvass. Though the Prohibition
lists have never attained an electoral
vote or elected q member of congress
IT is more than probable that in one of
their presidential canvasses they de-
cided the contest. The -. 600 votes in
New York which in 1884 went To St
John the Prohibitionist nominee. three
fourths Of which were doubtless divert
ed from the Republicans made posi- bile
Cleveland's plurality OF f.0f7 over
Blaine in that state Cleveland's cleo
torai vote was 219. and Blaine's 1S2. II
New York had gone Republican.
Biaine's total electoral vote would have
been 2lS. and ne instead Of Cleveland
would have been president
The Greenfack party. the distinctive
tenet in vhese creed Was the issue OF
currency directly by directly by the
government, 10 the exclusion Of the