The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1904-12-14

IN pOSlC2OnS OF reSpOuSlO1Hty ccnAeCt0u
with the operation Of trains.
| The safety appliance law, as amend
| ed by the act Of March 2, 1903. has
proved beneficial to railway employees,
| and in order that its provisions may be
| properly carried out the force OF In
spectors provided for by appropriation
should be largely increased. This serv-
ice has passed the experimental stage
| and should receive generous recognl-
ton by the congress.
Unionism In Government Offices.
There is no objection to employees OF
the government forming or belonging
to unions, but the government can nei-
ther discriminate for nor discriminate
against nonunion men who are In It's
employment or who seek to be eni-
ployed under it Moreover, it is very
grave improperly for government EN-
ployees to band themselves together
for the purpose Of extorting improperly
high salaries from the government.
Especially is this true Of those within
the classified service. The letter car
riers, both municipal and rural, are as
8 whole an excellent body Of public
servants. They should be amply paid.
But their payment must be obtained
By arguing their claims fairly and hon
orably before the congress and not BY
banding together for the defeat OF
those congressman who refuse to give
promises which they cannot In con-
science give. The administration has
taken steps to prevent and punish
abuses Of this nature, but it will be
wise for the congress to supplement
this action by legislation.
Bureau Of Labor.
Much can be done by the government
in labor matters merely by giving pub
licity to certain conditions. The bureau
of labor has done excellent work Of
this kind In many different directions.
shall shortly lay before you in spe-
cial message the full report Of the In
yestgation Of the; bureau Of labor into
the Colorado mining strike, as this is
strike in which certain very evil forces,
which are more or less at work every
where under the conditions Of modern
industrialism, became startlingly prom
inent. It is greatly to be wished that
the department of commerce and Ia
Dor, through the labor bureau, should
compile and arrange for the congress
q list Of the labor laws Of the various
states and should be given the means
to investigate and report to the con-
gress upon the labor conditions IN the
manufacturing and mining regions
throughout the country, both as to
wages. as to hours Of labor. as to
the labor Of women and children and
as to the effect in the various labor
centers of immigration from abroad
In this investigation especial attention
should be paid to the conditions OF
child labor and child labor legislation
in the several states.
Corporations.
When we come to deal with great
corporations the need for the govern
ment to act directly is far greater than
in the case Of labor, because great cor
porations can become such only by en-
gaoing in interstate commerce, and in
terstate commerce is peculiarly the
field Of the general government. 1t IS
an absurdity to expect TO eliminate the
abuses in great corporations by state
action. It is difficult to be patient with
an argument that such matters should
be left to the states. because more than
one state pursues the policy OF crea!
ing on easy terms corporations whic
are never ,perated within that state
at all, but i, other states whose laws
they ignore. The national government
alone can deal adequately with these
great corporations. To try to deal
with them in an intemperate, destrut
tive or demagogic spirit would in
probability mean that nothing wha'
ever would be accomplished, and W.T..
absolute certainty that if anything
were accomplished it would be Of q
harmful nature. The American peo-
ple need to continue to show the very
qualities that they have shoWn-that is
moderation, good sense. the earnest
desire to avoid doing any damage and
yet the quiet determination to proceed.
step by step. without halt and without
hurry, in eliminating or at least in
minimizing whatever Of mischief Or Of
evil there :. to interstate commerce
in the conduct Of great corporations.
They are acting in no spirit Of hostility
to wealth, either individual or cor
porate. They are not against the rich
man any more than against the poor
man. On the contrary. they are friend
ly alike toward rich man and toward
poor man, provided only that each acts
in spirit Of justice and decency to-
ward his fellows Great corporations
are necessary, and only men Of great
and singular mental power can man
age such corporations successfully,
and such men must have great re-
| wards. But these corporations should
be managed with due regard to Che
! interest Of the public as whole
Where this can be done under the pres