davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1904-01-05

snother kind Of tnapatlenee which has 4
wholly different meaning Il COMES -
the high-spirited. strenuous man when hs
feels the hand OF sg- on him ~ shaf
premonssIon q Death which ire huuaan
oosy IN some hidden wav can give 20 SIS
owner. = ma "a haze soul IS csnteTes ~
a great ideal 70 whilh rs lifes work has
been given chafes ~ jise thought thai ~
must y taken before seeing ~ rea.iza-
1ion- \ man again % feTy energy wasss
days have beer spent ia conflicts may re-
1ouble mis- Efforts II TIRE pro pect e thelr
ct~satlssr ard sfloT ar sinosi bgsfeTscaI
vitality ~ hls elosIng y-srs- u = . e25n-
rnoupsacs 81 HterafuTe The nen & the
greatest poEss haF. fae least tolersfila
Tor petty fTiarurfss axe msS aiding
sense 4 The sr-sl5nes- = fss.r i-Gs
and the rn4suisl,5e * ths1r la~k Th1t
llus q -ln &e1soszsEa xtlch Nss unf
q ,lse lasg uttrraness q Nr Riss-ses e.
liffie dea@ 81 much T. g IS erT %
ne sgTs q ala - - stx their eS-s - Ear
ncr8zou Ezzte IA Justify thsa sFes.
either % make practical sozac sec4 q
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1904-01-05
MUSCULAR RHEUMATISM.
Ex-Resister CT Deeds Carnahan Cured
While in That Office.

| want 10 say that took treatment
from g. w. c. Jones. the Osteo- Magnetic
Healer. for muscular rheumatism L
could hardly attend 10 my duties for the
reason my arm and shoulder were 50
badly affected that / could not lift and
handle the books of my Office
l only took six treatments from the
Healer and was able to transact my du-
ties. my arm became strong and / cor
daily recommend Mr.. Jones for ths cure
of rheumatism e l. CARNAHAN
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1904-01-05
PRoLApsUs
Relief From a Trouble 81 Lons sssn5.
ing and Restored % Health

J deaife 70 szy that I tefA treatment
fran 9 " & ssnes. ths ostfo- MsgT.stl-
Healer. for prslapal1 x tbe Uterus sin
~fl@cf, I had tyeen afHiefeg fef afteea
years. and car 49, fhsf nev after isfss
Of nearly orc Yea- STAGE takinE fhs iast
Treatment ! SRI now resaa ane Nen asf
able - s~anract rny he .ebDs1 autses
rosnefhsns hs4 been ai.shle ~ 81 Ser
great man ~ears z1iaeas Fnpea asrerins
ard distress
ehserfalsy serornuseas hrs n afin.eats
q this cfsaTsefer
The rArne = this lazy zfl - given 20
any bona aSe snqzirsr uYpa apfsliea'ioa
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1904-01-05
DESTROYED BY FIRE.
About Half the Business Portion CT
the Town Was Burned

Topeka. Kan. Jan. "A special 20 the
State Journal from Overlook, Usage
county. says that about half of the bust
ness portion of the town was destroyed
by fire al an early hour, this morning
The flames started in the boarding house
Of Mrs. Kate Worthy. destroying that
property completely. other buildings
burned were Redmonds hardware store.
the Packer store. Erickin's shoe store,
Fairchnds restaurant AM Jacob Bad
sky's Office. Total loss and insurance
not given.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1904-01-05
ESTIMATED AGE OF THE EARTH
(From the Loncon Posl)

From the lont-on Posi-
1. IA Kelvin estimate of the age OF
the sorld is Not so great as 5000 90
years: possibly as little as 2e.oeo.0'o: prob
ably 30 600. co years" These estimates are
based on mathematical and physical con-
s:6erations. The biologists have another
way Of arriving AZ their results. The
stratiiied rocks attain an average thick
ness of loo 90 feet. Some of the seiimen-
taly rocks, they observe, have grown q
foot iii 80 years: others have taken e.so1
years 10 rise that height Thus The period
of time required 10 build up le0eo0 feet
OF Seaimentary rock has varied accord
ing 10 locality nom = ds.o.oeo years 70
.osc.Cge. co yeais. Ii follows that the active
work OF creation has lasted for cScle
between these two figures Volcanic dis
turhsnces or glacial action. they con
ciude. NAV have retarded the work. but
cannot have accelerated IL
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1904-01-05
KIDNEY AND BLADDER TROUBLE.
D. WeIl-knowr Wichita Lady Cured Of
This Painful and Dangerous aisiady

To all persons afflicted with kidney ard
bladder trouble. wish 10 Say that J mad
this trouble IN the most aggravated form
that I ever heard Of accompanied with
incontinence OF urine in is most trouble
some and painfih form had leading
hysioians and had spent several hundred
dollars without relief. but or the CON
trary. was gradually growing worse. Two
years ago was induced "a take treat
ment from g. ". g Jones. and IN two
months I was radically and permanently
cured. since which time ! haze had no
return or symptom 81 ny aiiment
MRS y. q HARPER.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1904-01-05
CA - II On z "A.
g..r.s. ne I'd ~ Ezx lAszgs r..
a'. + &2Im
SPORTS or OUR NEW EMPIRE

si-rom TIE Illustrated sgosffnz SeNs)
4 Haws.lsn pois fsarn wifl seoa insase
san Frsnesscn. ana III ass territory
secs9na~a f4et0r % ius ssasts q fse "a
tsou ~hS-h ezssaliy sifka5 - ans je~el
= tae Pae.Ae - 80 rnzreh g. - ORR
Ell; m HaNall4us have FHss Fl serIss
~ games Hesn teams f~srn tke sss-
sses - ksu4g aal oehu - psk fhse In
ga4saE team. ard So istfsr sea fws ~sf
q taf.-e Thsg wlH Hiag fas efstk Essss-
tnrafus oasar - cal.f.~nls s. = ass 20
=. aNsaFssd shzt U.s. = 3 nzf-es aszsez-
s,1stsoa. for th- Hsz<-laa s.slo- slavrrs
a.o a. l4ksiy . =. u e.szz-r4a so-zS
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1904-01-05
A. The Tc;s-

The Metropolitan Stock company. an at
traction Of merit. opens . three nights en-
gagement ar the Toler January : Doro-
thv Reeves. the clever leading LADY. i
supported by strong company OF play
ers. inela81ng Mr.. c E CUblne. Nj
James Blanchard. Mr Harry Hayate. Mr.
Harry HAYDEN and Others. including
some exceptionally strong vaudeville
features The opening iii Thursday
night Is beautiful -CapTice the same
version IS made famous by Mamie Mad
Germ Fiske. Thursday night ladies viii
be admitted free II accompanied ~ an
escort with paid Sa-eant ticker purehas-
ed before D n \ bargain matinee
viii be gwen Saturday at Ia
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1904-01-05
cHaUTAUO,IA CIRCLES.

Suniower Circle viii meet january II
With Miss Kinkaid, North Lawrence av-
enue. Program:
American sc,Ilptors and Their Art
Miss Kaufman.
Holmes. in Literary Leaders Of Amer
ica''-Mrs Stuart.
Whittier. in Literary Leaders Miss
Conklin.
Music-Mrs. Rhynerson-
Roll Call: Quotations from Holmes and
Whittier.
Leader. Miss Cossitt.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1904-01-05
Gard of Thank 6.

To The surgeons and doctors who so
we'll and faithfully performed the opera
ton on my limbs. with the care Of the
sumo; 10 he management of The st.
Francis Hospital the Sister nurses. so
patiently doing their duties, and 10 lie
many friends who s stndly visited ne.
bringing cheerful words. flowers AID
kindly deeds during my stay at ire ros-
pital. l hereby tender my grateful thanks
and may Ged's blessing come 10 each in
this glod new year
III. {. CUDWORTH.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1904-01-05
PROPERTY TRANSACTIONS.
Several Big Deals in Real Estate Com
pietcd

The ollowing\-transfers of propert
were made in Wichita yesterday
r. A. Cherry to Chris Mohr. Decem-
her "a northwest northeast 1922
Andrew w. Bggs To William >.
Biggs December 20, beginning
southwest corner of southwest ,
25-2 west. north 81 rods. south 50 rods,
west % reds to beginning .--.----.. Il
W l.. Baker TO j. ". Naniman,
August 81, 1868. lots So. So Wash
inston avenue. Hodson &StancerS
addition ....----...-..---- $1,000 L.
John g. Schaffer to Andreas Schaf-
fer. December 20, 1858. east half
northeast 10 and northwest n-2s-3
Margaret f. Sandon to Sophronla
Clark. January , lots /, Mathew
son avenue. Pinkham's sub of lot
u and % feet off west side of %,
MatheUson avenue .-......-....---...- lel
George T Wells to J.. 5. Smith. De
cember 80. 1903. lots 81, 81 Sc. IS
Laura avenue. Lincoln street adj
Ual.0n .'''-'
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1904-01-05
WHEN PATIENCE IS HARD.

t<reTr re Spectator
We arr al familiar Rith the ir7pssseT5,e
which comes naturally wi;h age ard
flaming health. the Intolerance y iif;is
hindranees- III. Insonssqze1ee ia sTgu-
u1en;. The petuisnce n comment which ar.
the arss sigEs of sea.lsty. b.; there L
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1904-01-05
LUm BE0O.
Deputy Register Of Deeds and Ore cs
Secewick CoUnty's Most Prominent
Old Soldiers Cured.

Z; seems funny now. ard 7 cfsen laugh
At the predican enf ] Was IN With lurn-
bago. / could neither move laugh cry
nor do a good sob - grosntuK On account
81 The terrible spasrss 81 pain 20 which
was subjected. IN, g. y G Jores
cured ne quickly and. permanently. lor
this was over two years ago ard sire
then J have never been trsuoied There
fore / cordially recommend him % fhose
suffering with Affections u ihis kind
II = HEIsERMhx
Abundance C otrer testimonials Of
this character can be RAD CT sppiics.
tier.
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1904-01-05

American a. ore car SD. sas sh-r
kaow a - alssaf POO It4e ttsis l>eiafs
- q fus1r~ ssszslepusen' = se4tsax re-
lassors h~'xeen HA~aa ensg hss a1ense;
mother coantrg- Tbs eliEsate e 'ee aasra
fsF focsaan. bst naar etAss fessss q
a7ss8oar fe-rrafaea aoursa ss.s year
srogn8- f1e-sogssls sen9s sesTss - stz tses
- Yai~ aas fsareass erS theg take hsarz
win faera re 1aFs - sonst seas shsf~s
With s.z-sures ana fszf-hooka fhs frt.ss
- ne aspssfras frosa sh~ ueffessfslss
oss coasssson ira sheF rzzrsls8 safi-
zsn < R'sz~ss feesnfs4 fsst = I,sas-
j. 80 Bis slees sas 50 90 RS 49, rtss
~osasn. 49, s. e'zaf~sa gsa ~ 49,.
fas @xs~@s = sks lssms. The aesssses >
tFssssexrooru = 49, sS@fas
A nessl sselxisa rs~ssa-l - aeas.ssr wisA
-s,..ss. consists ~ dssssnx Is - ssas
int = s<sroszz receptacle oser ~sf~h ~oas
!. ssssasfn = pzsFeissm Tss ssn - Is
casEnt aes fss-uess - 80 tE@f eaa D.
lset =. fEaE-nx xzs ezx.se..
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1904-01-05

10 walk = iIffie further ca she read. T. the
ast inarmify % tie strongest ard test
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1904-01-05
CA STo7IA.
Bar. III. The Kind You Hare AIEalS Bargfs
As. "a &WZzzzM

In Taranaki. Australia. is a church
labelled i'll large letters on its outside
walls with the names and trades Of q
grocer a draper. a painter and a miller
These tradesmen built the church in re-
turn for the advertisement they Obtain
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1904-01-05

Piso's Cure for CONSUMPTION gives relic
in cases of Coughs and Colds. All drug
gists. PC
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1904-01-05

Mr. Joseph Ellis. who has just died
NJ Acle. Norfolk, Eng% resided in the
same house for s. years. Though 81
years old. he is said to have missed sun
day morning service al the parish church
anly twice in the last AZ years.
The Saint Paul globe., 1904-01-31

If the foundation pattern is fitted
one, all the pieces may be cut ou,
straight away, but if there is any doubt
of its being exactly right, it is better
to baste firmly and fit it first, opening
it at the sides and darts after fitting
in order to cut the draperies by.
In order to- make the waist, first
stitch up all the foundation seams, ex-
cept the under-arm and shoulder ones,
and make the fastenings down the
front. Next, gather the neck and
waist edges of the vest front, marking
the middle with small notch in each
edge.
Set the right half on to the founda-
ton, and finish the left one to the
same size, setting the waist edge into
a little band of the silk Make the
side edge neat by false hem of silk,
taking care not to stretch the edge,
but rather to tighten it, and arrange
the fastenings to the foundation.
Next; arrange the drapery for the
collar on to a foundation of silk, to
fasten at the back. Set the right hall
to the silk and foundation edges, and
the left on TO the gathered silk only.
Make the left foundation edge neat by
narrow band, over which the collar
must hook.
The Saint Paul globe., 1904-01-31
TIPS FOR THE HOME DRESSMAKER-BY

sary turnings distinctly marked, or
exactly cut off.
For permanent use, pattern is best
in buckram. That texture is Stiff, but
nevertheless indicates the proper lay
of the threads.
The pretty, original design illus
trated is made over a fitting founda-
ton. The zouave and full sleeves are
OF a firm silk; the draped front and
collar are of soft white silk, or some
thin texture; and the tucked upper
part and cuffs are of muslin, orna-
mented by applique insertion.
The fronts of the zouave are draped
to the upper corner, whereit is. laid in
pleats which taper off to nothing to-
ward the sides, the points being deco
rated with pretty buttons, as shown in
the illustration.
The foundation fastens down the
middle. The right side of the full
The Saint Paul globe., 1904-01-31
MRS. LIVERMORE'S
LATER YEARS
ARE PEACEFUL

Despite her eighty three years, Mrs.
Livermore still speaks in public oc-
casionally, and she displays enough OF
the old spirit and power to make
her hearers eagerly listen to every
word.
Her home in Melrose is comfort
able, square, wooden house on the
main street. She has lived there for
more than twenty-five years, and the
stranger has only TO ask the first
man, woman or child he sees on the
street in order to be pointed the way
to Mrs. Livermore's" The rooms
breathe comfort III every detail News
papers and magazines cover the tables,
and many photographs of people stand
about on mantel pieces and desks. a
small conservatory, we'll filled with
green things, opens off the living
room.
MRS. Livermore's own room, which
has been the scene OF many hours of
toll, is upstairs. 1t is lined with books.
and the big business desk in little
narrow alcove bristles with documents
and many drawers. The sun and light
pour from two sides on the white
head which still bends there for hours
every day.
EUPHEMIA HOLDEN.
The Saint Paul globe., 1904-01-31

muslin is pretty. Pale blue, green or
pink silk is suitable for the zouave,
with cream or white front and tucked
muslin, and squares of the colored silk
under the applique
Good lace workers can readily make
spider web medallions to be lined with
silk to form the insertion.
Diagram l. shows the plain founda-
ton, diagram II. the pieces in soft silk,
diagram III. the zouave and sleeves,
and diagram " the muslin pieces.
In the aforementioned the black lines
show the pattern as it is cut from the
plain foundation, and the dotted lines
indicate how the addition should be
made to allow for the tucks.
The dotted line on the front of the
foundation in diagram |. indicates the
side edges of the full front. The front
edge of the plain pattern should be
placed six inches from fold of the
silk to allow for the fullness, thus
making nine inches from the waist
point The dotted line on the sleeve
The Saint Paul globe., 1904-01-31
HOW SHE BEGAN
HER WORK
ON THE PLATFORM.

AT first Mr.. Redpath urged me
never to touch upon these vexed ques-
tions, promising to make me rich if ]
would never accept any invitations to
lecture except at the times and places
that he arranged. Fortunately, | re-
sisted this temptation. though | did
accept his first proposition.
Those years were wonderful ex-
perience for a woman to live through
The whole country was stirred with
the stupendous problems before it and
was eager for information 1t is not
SO hungry now, for newspapers and
educational advantages are so wide
spread, while womdn's clubs and
study classes are feeding the hunger
of the women and taking the place OF
the thought formerly supplied by the
lecturer. But in those days the is
terest and enthusiasm were great.
Il have known some wonderful peo-
pie in my day, splendid men and wo-
men. Those girls who took that vow
with ME in Cops Hill burying
ground have all passed on, though
they grew to- womanhood. Yet | feel
that their sympathy and inspiration
were always close by. | know it is,
too, for ] am firm believer in COM
munication between the worlds.
mo doubt we asked too much. We
were before our time, and we expect
ed to see everything accomplished in
a moment"
But you would do it over AGAIN."
the visitor asked.
The blue eyes flashed.
Indeed, l would" was the emphatic
The Saint Paul globe., 1904-01-31
Here's Fin Appropriate
Bridal Gift

The newest thing for girl to give
to friend about to be married is
bridal set. This consists OF corset
bag for the corset, bag and bow to
slip into the low bust corset, and a
pair of ribbon bands to hold set OF
underwear
A dainty one seen recently was of
pale pink satin ribbon embroidered
with forget-me-nots, and had the
monogram of the bride-to-be on each
piece. The bodice bag and bow was
a unique arrangement which was
made to slip into the corset lengthwise
instead of crosswise. 1t had a com
partment for money and another for
jewelry. A separate piece OF satin
shirred around the top like frill made
a pocket for the powder puff, and
also made corset chou when drawn
The Saint Paul globe., 1904-01-31
Pretty Curtains for a Set Of Shelves.

One Of the prettiest curtains seen
for set of shelves was of brown
burlap with trimmings of red. The
curtain was thrown over the brass rod
in such way as to form deep lam
brequin at the top. The burlap was
lined throughout with the red. Red
felt was used for the border. The top
and bottom was feather stitched to the
burlap with red worsted in clusters
of six quite long stitches, the middle
one longest, and the others graduated
toward each end The clusters of
stitches were about an inch apart.
The Saint Paul globe., 1904-01-31

foundation indicates the top for the
silk sleeve, the upper piece forming
the pattern by which the muslin is to-
be cut.
By tracing the several parts in the
diagram, and placing them over their
relative parts of the foundation, the
cutting of the pattern will be greatly
sirnplifed, as the diagram is drawn
exactly to scale and is perfect pat
tern in miniature.
Take pains to make the pattern cor
rect in paper Then proceed to cut
out the materials, following the dia-
grams, which show how the several
parts will cut most advantageously
out of materials of the widths quoted
Diagram III. shows the silk folded
down the centre of the width and one
end folded over again to the length of
the sleeve, to allow of cutting both out
at once. Do not cut the double folds
all through when separating the
sleeves, as by doing so the waistband
may be obtained without join at the
o1y
The Saint Paul globe., 1904-01-31

Now add false hens cut to shape
or on an exact bias, to the front edges
of the zouave, Slip-hem the inner
edge of the hem as invisibly as posi-
BILE, after the outer ones have been
stitched together and turned over
Press it nicely.
Next tuck the muslin, making the
front edge also represent a tuck, and
either finishing the lower one in the
same way with a narrow hem run or
stitched along, or allow sufficient to
turn it up to the insertion, making the
frill double
Place the upper part and side edges
of the Zouave on to the foundation
arranging the pleats and securely bast,
ing it. Lay the tucked part IN place
and secure this through the top OF the
zouave to the foundation. Place the
parts for the left side together to
match, and secure them. Make the
raw top edge of the Zouave neat IN the
inside by strip of silk, hemmed over
then place it to the foundation.
Lay the back pieces on in the same
way, and then finish the side and
shoulder seams Sew on one or two
hooks and eyes to fasten the zouave
over the full front.
Make the waist edge neat with a
strip of silk and hem that of the lin
ing, if it has been carried below the
waist.
Now make the foundation sleeves
and the outer parts separately, or have
them unlined. Lay the tucked cuff
over the foundation, or a silk lining,
and set the gathered edge into it. Fin
ish the tops as the fronts were done
and stitch them into the armholes,
placing the sleeve seam always about
two and a half or three inches in front
of the under-arm one Bind the edges
with bias strip of soft silk, with
which also make the wrist edges neat,
if they are made over a foundation
sleeve, in which case they are turned
under together.
The Saint Paul globe., 1904-01-31

eof the United States rested partly on
the position Of the American woman;
the weakness of Italy on the fact that
the Italian women were the play toys
and not the equals of mer.
Even our women are not quite
ready for the ballot, but as soon as
they are they will get it. Sometimes,
too, after they have gained a point,
they fail to take advantage of it.
For instance, here m Melrose,
where there are over thousand SUI
perAuous women, our representation
consists of three women members on
the school board Not long ago the
town became municipality, and the
first thing that the women knew, the
ring-for we already have a ring
replaced one of the women with man
| in nominating for the first election.
Great excitement prevailed.
"'What shall we do?' the women
asked. We've always had three wo-
men on the board. It's our right.
"'You must look after your rights,
| told them. Eternal vigilance you
know
"'But what can we do? Is it too
later they asked
Il told them to get SOME one who
would consent to run, then get out
extra slips and go to work. We are
all at it campaigning as hard as we
can, and we hope to win yet
"They are talking OF lowering the
lake. The men discuss it, but they
never consult any of us women. And
don't l remember when they did the
same thing twenty years ago, and
what pestilence followed. But | am
not voter and my opinion are words
upon the air. 1t is this kind of in
Justice that sinks deeply into wo-
mans heart"
Mrs. Livermore's mind presents the
qualities of youth and age combined
She has the clear grasp OF present
problems and situations and the gen.
tie art of interesting "reminiscences
and she changes from one to the other
with perfect ease. Her life seems to
move through her mind like pano-
rama
After the war was over and | had
finished my work for the Sanitary
Commission, Mr. James Redpath, the
head of that famous old Lyceum Bu-
reau, proposed that | should give
some lectures throughout the country
The Saint Paul globe., 1904-01-31
THE POWER of the United
States Rests Partly on the Po-
sition Of Its Women.

l was to tell of our work among the
soldiers and then to give some talks
on other topics. | hesitated, for l had
never wished to become a public
speaker, and had had no training of
any kind for the work. My husband
urged me to do it He said that it was
a splendid opportunity to spread my
doctrines and so help the two causes
in which | was most interested--wo-
mans suffrage and temperance.
why should you cook and scrub
and sew he said, when you can easily
hire that done, and have not only the
money but the influence, the interest
and the growth that this will mean to
vnu2'
The Saint Paul globe., 1904-01-31

N office also,
when cutting the
muslin pieces (dia-
gram IV.), that
each corner lifted
out to obtain the
extra width is even
with the original
one,
Allow for eighth
of an inch tucks
with a quarter
inch space be-
tween each tuck
edge and the next
running.
Measure h o w
many tucks will
thus be required,
and add as many
extra quart e r
inches beyond the
pl in p tt er n.
Ready-tucked mus
lin may be used, in
which case the little
frill must either be
added or the tucks
unpicked for it.
The Saint Paul globe., 1904-01-31
Extravagant Garter Buckles.

Some of the new garter buckles are
extravagant in setting and design. One
seen recently was Of Roman gold set
with heur de lis design of diamonds.
Another Roman gold garter buckle
had china medallion set in the frame.
on which the monogram or favorite
flower of the owner could be painted.
These buckles also come in sterling
silver at thrice the price of the pseudo
gold.