davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Newtown bee., 1904-05-27
Indigestion Causes Catarrh of the
 Stomach.

For many years 1t has been supposed thai Catarrh of the Stomach caused indigestion and dyspepsia. but the truth is sxactly the opposite, Indigestion causes eatanh. Re- peated attacks of Indigestion inflames tho mucous membranes lining the stomach and exposes tho nerves of the stonanh. thus caus- ing tho glands to sscrete mucin insaesd q the juices of natural digestion. This . called CataTrh of tho Stomach.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-03-06

he delivered himself Of his most telling argu-
ment IN tones that could be heard In every
room that floor after the lights had been
turned down by all the ether boys. When he
learned that he had been reported for loud talk
ing after 10 o'clock p. m Uriu's humiliation
pitiable
zone night shortly afterward Uriu was busy
with his geometry when the supper call was
sounded. He tarried over his work a moment
and then rushed down 10 take his place In the
ranks, leaving the gas burning full head. OF
course his negligence was reported and Uriu
had the blues FOR two days.
"Uriu as gallant as any boy in the class.
4 pretty girl was 10 him an irresistible attrac-
ton. While he was not presumptuous or impu-
dent he simply could not keep his eyes TO the
front II there was something pretty IN petit
coats in sight IN another direction. After he
had been reported FOR turning his head In the
ranks on an occasion when a dream In blue
was watching US al drin. he said 70 ne. II
they do not keep that girl away from the
parade ground III never get through on con-
duct
"One day at rollcau Uriu was a little late
and Just managed To save himself tardy mark
b. sliding into his place past projection on
the wall which tore button Of his coat He
was called down for the absent button, which
doubtless IS a matter Of record at the academy
TO this hour and dramatically inquired OF a
classnate In the course OF the day. Is It more
dishonorable to be Late than to lose q button in
avoiding itT
The last complaint against UrIu which I
remember almost broke his heart 1 think It
was In April. 1879. II was a fine. sunny day
and there were q good many girls on the cam
pus ~ the church hour. An order for low shoes
Aad hem hzHed fOr that day. and Uriu had
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

to the explosion on the Missouri and
the earlier accidents on the Massachu-
setts and the Iowa to which Senator
Hale refers. they say that the occasion
al explosion of the boiler of an engine
has not impelled the railroad companies
to abandon the steam locomotive.
Senator Hale's principal charge
against the battleship is that it is top
heavy and likely to turn turtle if its
equilibrium is greatly disturbed. 1t is
well known that this opinion was held
by the late Admiral Makaroff, one of
the greatest theoretical naval con-
structors the world has known. Short
~ before his departure from Russia for
the east to take command of the fleet
at Port Arthur he delivered a lecture
on this very subject to a class in naval
construction, illustrating his views with
the model of a battleship in a tub of
water. In the modern battleship the
center of gravity is, through the enor-
nous weight of the armament and ar
NOR of the superstructure, so nearly
cOincident with the water line that the
vessel practically hangs on a longitu-
dinal pivot.
Admiral Makaroff demonstrated how
the impact of a projectile from a gun
of large caliber striking the resisting
armor of the battleship above the wa
over enough to prevent its regaining a
level keel. The same effect would fol-
low a shot below the water line pierre
ing the hull and filling some OF the
compartments with water. If the COM
partments on only one side of the ship
should be flooded it is not hard to see
that the ship might roll sideways until
the great weight above would drag it
down. This is apparently what hap
pened to the Petropavlovsl1, the i'll fat
ed flagship with which Admiral Maka-
rolf was lost. Whether the explosion
which sunk the Petropavlovsk was due
to the impact of a japanese torpedo or
to a derelict Russian mine, the tact re-
mains that the vessel heeled over, turn
ed turtle and sank, just as Makaron
had feared it might.
Admiral Mal1aroff was as firm in his
belief in the possibilities of the torpedo
as he was in his distrust of the battle
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16
Extinction !?

been so successfully developed that the
greater part of the hull of such ship
must be destroyed to cause her to sink.
and a shot above the water line to in
hict serious damage must either disable
a gun or explode magazine
The armored cruiser has followed the
battleship in its increase of weight
above the water line, but has not gone
so far. though the California, recently
launched at san Francisco, the first of
new type, viii displace 13,440 tons
when ready for service and viii carry
thirty-six guns in her main battery and
thirty in her secondary battery. The
largest guns will be eight inch rifles,
however. where the battleship carries
twelve inch guns. The speed of the
California called for in the contract is
twenty two knots
The latest type of battlesnp. the
Connecticut, has a trial displacement
of $4,000 tons and d maximum dis
placement of 1870. The Connecticut
will carry sixty-eight guns of all cali
bers, four Of them twelve-inch and
eight eight-inch. OF this class are the
Vermont. Kansas, Minnesota, Idaho and
Louisiana. The total weight of armor
on each of these ships VIII be 1892 tons.
of armament and ammunition 1885
tons. They have maximum coal ca
pacity of 1900 tons, which will take
them 1000 miles at eleven knots an
hour or $500 miles at eighteen knots.
The next largest battleships-those
Of the Virginia class-have a displace-
ment of 1920 tons
The earlier battleships Maine. Mis-
souri, and Ohio dfsplace 1890 tons
The Illinois and Kearsarge classes au-
thorized in 1895 and 1896, have dis
placement of 1880 tons, while the
Texas. laid down in 1889. has a dis
placement little more than a third Of
that of the Connecticut
The first ironclads of the American
navy were single turreted monitors in
which the greater part Of the weight
was below the water line. When the
building of the new navy began. the
double turreted monitor with a low
freeboard and little superstructure was
adopted, and cruisers Of 5000 and 1000
tons displacement were built These
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

nearly eco miles; vIadivostok on the
branch line north to Khabarovsk, near
~ 500 miles; spur from main line to
YiniSow, % miles; spur from main line
to Kirin. so miles, The line from Via
6ivostok to Khabarovsk is. strictly
speaking. in Siberian rather than in
SManchurian territory Neither is it so
vital. as it is off the main line to St
Petersburg But il is so near the Man
churian frontier as to be in the danger
zone and is therefore included.
The manner of guarding this great
length OF track is illustrative of the ex-
pense and hazard of war. The actual
patrols are mostly Cossacks. These are
present in such numbers as to form a
continuous picket line practically along
the entire road They inspect the track
once or twice a day, and another relay
of men performs the same service at
night The latter use powerful hand
searchlights, which they throw on the
track as they gallop along, one man on
each side. At bridges the force of
guards is doubled. In addition to the
regular patrols, a large number of spe-
cial police guards are maintained.
whose business it is to arrest any sus-
picious characters found lurking any
where in the vicinity. Garrisons of SOL
diers are maintained at all towns and
stations. and other troops are placed at
points where they can watch for the
Chunchuses. Then large numbers Of
workmen, mostly Chinese coolies. are
employed constantly in taking care of
the road, ballasting the tracks. putting
in new ties, making repairs. building
bridges in place of those washed out by
foods or destroyed by foes and in doing
whatever other work is deemed neces-
sary by the officers in charge. in case
of a bridge being destroyed a tempo
rary structure is thrown across the
stream, so that traffic is as little de-
layed as possible. The supports to
these hastily improvised bridges are
usually made by piling UP railroad ties
or other timbers in the same manner
that a log house is constructed. On
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

this rather crude foundation Orders
and rails are laid. The mud embank-
ments along the fills are also endanger-
ed from the floods that are common in
NIanchuria at this season, and this en-
tails more work on the large gangs OF
section men that must be maintained.
The Importance of this railroad to
Russia is fnestimable. over it must be
transported all troops and military sup
plies. Because of the lack of adequate
food for the soldiers, foodstuf must
constantly be shipped from Russia Ma
val ammunition and even boats are
transported over this Indispensable
railroad. Thus the fate of the Russian
empire literally hangs by a thread
That thread is over 5000 miles long.
and its name is the Transsiberian rail-
way
Scarcely less important are the lines
of teiegra phi. over these all orders and
reports are flashed from the cars cab
met rooms to the officers commanding
on the far frontiers. These lines must
be as carefully inspected and guarded
as the road itself
The japanese are more fortunately
situated in this regard, although they,
too, have the care of a railroad in Ko-
rea. There Is a short line leading from
Chemulpo to Seoul which is in charge
Of the Jap troops. Then the japanese
are building a longer road from the
southern port of Fusan to Seoul This
is standard gauge, of which over fifty
miles are completed, and the remaining
ESQ miles are being built at the rate OF
three miles a day It is estimated that
the entire line viii be open for travel
not later than the middle of June.
From Seoul northward to the town OF
Win, on the YaIu river. a narrow
gauge is being rapidly constructed for
the purpose of shipping supplies to the
front. The Koreans are used by the
energetic Japs in building these roads,
perhaps the first real work these dirt
incased citizens of the Land of the
Morning Calm ever performed.
EBERT O. WOODSON.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

examples are sufficient to show the
tendency toward the enormous and
complicated vessels of which Senator
Hale complains
The United Stotes is now building
more battleships than any other ma
ton. The cost OF those built and build
ing totals $50. 900 A battleship
may cost SS.OO0.O00 and require a COM
plement CT 500 men, The Connecticut
viii cost S421200O exclusive OF arma-
n1ent. The armored cruiser California
viii cost. with her full inventory,
$4,000. 900. A torpedo boat can be built
for 100000 and a destroyer for $780,
00O- The number Of men needed to man
these mosquito craft is very small II
is evident that If the battIeship is real
" a failure and the torpedo boat is t.
be the warsllip of the future there has
been wasted a vast amount of money.
The United States has only thfrty-sev-
en- torpedo boats and sixteen destrOyera.
with eight submarines.
Senator Hale, who seeks to change
so signally the policy of ship construc-
ton in the American navy. has been fo-
some years at the head of the senate
committee which has charge of naval
appropriations and is REGARDED as an
authority on naval construction. SO Tar
as statesman can be such. though his
belief that congress should have CON
te''-sAl IL CT FesSeiS OF war
naturally eScites derision from the
technical experts Of the department.
he was born in Turner. Me. in 1885.
ATTENDED Bates, Colby and Bowdoin
colleges and was admitted to the bar in
1877 he was attorney of Hancock
county for nine years and served in the
Maine legislature in 1867. 1868 and 1880
from 1869 to 1879 he was a member OF
the national house of representatives.
since 1891 he has been in the United
states senate He was twice asked to
become a member Of the presidents
cabinet, once by Grant and once By
Hayes lie is q man Of wealth and lives
Ia one of the finest houses in Washing
ton where. with his popular wife, ha
entertains lavishly- In addition to his
reputation as a naval expert. he has
that Of being the best mixer Of cocktails
In the capital A. W. FERRIN.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

large reapins machines entered his
field, so far, at least, as q small portion
Of his crop is concerned. What is more,
it is only the straw which he would
have to store, and when once put away
that is not taken out except as it IS re-
quired for bedding, etc Il is said that
the originally designed automobile har-
vesters will now be modified to con-
form to the broader scope Of this ma
chine, and there can be no doubt that
when this shall be done a long step in
the direction of making possible farm
ing on very large scale will have been
taken.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

will do in a pinch-but it might be
serious problem to find thirty or forty
or perhaps a hundred men to hustle a
crop into the barns in short order. And
even then there is more work to be
done. The grain, including its enor-
nous bulk of straw, must be stored in
the barn, and when one can secure the
services of a thra5her man it must all
be taken out again, fed into the thrash
ing machine and put back in the nows
whence it came. After the grain is
thras1ed II must be put into bags, and
the farmer is then exactly where he
would be three minutes after one OF the
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16
fZe

short distance behind. Five men are
required to properly operate this reaper,
but when one reflects upon the enor-
nous amount of work in a given time
of which il is capable and the saving
which often is attained by harvesting
crop before a rainfall it will be seen
that, despite its hauling crew or thirty
horses, it really makes for economy.
Another strong point in favor of these
huge machines is that they make the
large farmer comparatively independent
of labor. 1t is almost always possible to
get five farm hands-and even ordinary
labor, unused to the work of the farm,
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

not yet been perfected, and yet it is
fact that its widest promise has in
some respects been surpassed by a
reaper which is every day working on
several Oregon farms. This reaper,
herewith illustrated, after it has passed
through field leaves behind it a trail
of sacked grain, which following wag
on Immediately picks up, so that fire.
quentIy within an hour after the grain
is standing in the field it is on the plat
form of the railroad station awaiting
the coming of the train which shall car
ry it to it's destination. This particular
machine is drawn by thirty horses,
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

runway into the thrasher, being proper
Iy Strengthened on its way thither.
There the grain is separated from the
huIIs and straw, and, after going
through the same processes as in an or
binary stationary thrashinq machine,
it is carried down a shoot into the bag.
When the BAG is filled it is pushed to
the edge of the carriage by the man
whose sole duty, aside from that, is the
tying of a piece of string around the
neck of each bag. When several bags
have accumulated they are pushed off
to the ground, whence they are prompt
ly picked up by a wagon following
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

z VI - chairman OF the SEN
ate committee on naval affairs. is likely
to be the central figure. This contro-
versy has already assumed such pro-
portions that it is expected that the
president viii delay action on the bat
tleship authorized by the current naval
appropriation bill until the value of
such vessels can be better determined
by events in the far east. 1t was the
disasters to the Russian fleet at Port
Arthur, coupled with the explosion on
our own Missouri in which thirty-one
men lost their lives. which furnished
the text for Senator HaIe's diatribe
against the heavily armored man-of-
war. So convinced is he that the Japa-
nese have conclusively demonstrated
the superiority of the torpedo boat to
the battleship that, backed up by his
senatorial colleagues on the conference
committee which considered the dis
agreements on the bill just passed, he
declared that if the provision for an
other battleship had not been already
accepted by both houses he would de-
mand its Withdrawal.
Other naval experts, both in the con-
gress and in the service, have taken is
sue with the antibattleship senators,
asserting that the war between Japan
and Russia has not so far offered suf-
dcient data to justify a change in the
naval programme followed for the past
ten years not only by the United States,
but by every other naval power. They
point out that the first Japanese attack
on Port Arthur was in the nature Of
surprise, not an action in which a bat
tleship could show what it was worth.
and assert that but for the heavily ar
mored ships which accompany the Jap
anese torpedo boat f1otillas the Rus
slams would have emerged from their
-efuge early in the game and wiped
he Japs from the sea. giving an entire
y different turn to the tide of war. As
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

which should serve to give an idea of
its enormous size and capacity. Natu-
rally no driver in the world could han
die the ribbons" ordinarily necessary
for SO many animals, and therefore the
intelligence of the horses is an impor-
tant factor in the successful working
of the machine. All that is required of
the animals, however, outside of docii
ity, is that they be sufficiently inteili-
gent to follow the leaders," The out
side horses of the front row must, of
course, be we'll trained, for if they go
wrong all GO wrong. When the grain is
cut it is carried by a traveller up the
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

.. =. S" ! :. )" !. !: ! !
FlSb he&Af Russian patrols at a
- ~FiFhS9 point near the Man
| N{LM Sf churian. railway and
>SsiE NM the subsequent execu-
E& ton as spies of two
FS7S@5sS - members of the Japa-
1850 nese general staff dis
guised as Tibetans and the discovery in
their tent of explosives, which they aft
erward admitted were intended for the
blowing up of bridges, call attention to
Russia's dincult task in guarding her
thousands of miles of road in the far
east. Not only are the Japs to be fear
ed, but the Chinese brigands of the
Manchurian mountains as well as other
sections OF the native population that
are none too favorably disposed toward
the interloping Slavs and their noisy
locomotives. Whether the claim that
the Japs had already mined the track
at various points prior to the breaking
out of hostilities proves true or false,
the menace to the road is still very
present. At several points the line is
exposed to attack from the sea, while
the DatrolIing force at other points is
necessarily. so scattered that a small
hostile force would have little difficulty
in striking the road and doing vast
damage before it could be checked.
Practically the entire line from Port
Arthur to Hardin and from Vladivostok
to Tsitsikar, aggregating thousands of
miles in ALL must be guarded from at
tack both from the japanese and the
Chunchuses, and to effectively patrol
this vast length of track by day and
night requires the services of a verita-
bic army of men.
Not only is the railroad across Man
churia impepiled. but the immense
stretches of track over the bleak and
uninhabited steppes of Siberia require
watching. The cutting of the line of
communications at any point would be
fatal to Russia, and it would be COM
paratively easy for a few Japanese,
properly disguised to strike at any
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

point where Russian surveillance hap
pened to be light. Throughout its en-
tire length. and especially in the trans
baikaI region, the Siberian road is rath
er loosely constructed, the embank-
ments being steep, the ballasting poor
and the ties light and far apart. 1t is
less difficult to injure such a road than
one better constructed. The total length
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

than ten to fifteen miles an hour. The
trip from Moscow to Port Arthur thus
occupies two weeks. The road as rap
idly as possible is being improved, and
these accidents are on the decrease, but
the conditions are far from ideal. and it
will be many years, with the most ia
vorable circumstances, before the
Transsiberian and Manchurian rail-
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

ways viii be properly ballasted and
well built lines
Taking the mileage in Manchuria
alone, it amounts in round numbers to
nearly 2,20O miles. divided approx
mately as follows: From Port Arthur
to Hardin. about 600 miles; Hardin east
to VIadivostok, nearly 400 miles; Har-
bin west to the Manchurian boundary
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

of this line from Moscow to Port Ar
thur is 5,3SS miles. Even when there is
no outside interference accidents on
the road are frequent. Due to deficient
construction, there are broken rails,
spreading tracks and other similar diff
dculties with almost every train, while
from the roughness and insecurity of
the line it is impossible to average more
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

has repeatedly been
predicted that within
the next few years the
labor problem so far as
it applies to large
farmers will have ceas-
ed to exist. This con-
,5;4;o- ,.,.- a~<-a1+a1t -
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

be brought about by automobile har-
Vesters run by steam, naphtha or gaso-
line. The ideal machine, it was pre-
dieted, would harvest many acres day
with the labor of but one man. It is
needless to say that this machine has
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

manded by popular opinion. and to gain
speed while retaining the heavy armor
and armament it has been necessary to
make the hull as light as possible. Ev-
cry step in this direction has raised the
center of gravity of these floating forts,
until now the limit Of safety has GER
tainly been reached if not passed.
The ordinary cruiser and the protect
ed cruiser relatively to the battleship
are in little danger Of capsizing. The
system Of watertight compartments has
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

The tendency in all naval construc-
ton, and particularly in the American
navy, has been steadily toward heavier
ships. As the piercing power Of pro-
jectiles has increased, the arnor of bat
tleships and first class cruisers has
necessarily been added to, while the
weight and number of guns aboard have
been as constantly growing. Since the
sensational cruise of the Oregon around
the Horn just before the battle of San
tiago speed in battleships has been de-
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16
Is the Modern Boff1esbip Doomed

HALE'S re-
cent sweeping charac-
terization of the bat
tleship as 6 failure in
naval warfare has
started a controversy
of which Mr.. Hale. as
chairman of the SEN
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

ship and often said that with large
fleet of torpedo vessels escorted by
swift unprotected cruisers he would not
be AFRAID. of any collection of armored
ships. During the time that he was in
command at Port Arthur he habitually
used as his flagship the unarmored
cruiser =Novik and with it made several
brilliant dashes into the outside seas.
It is not reported that he had flown his
flag from a battleship at all until the
day of his death.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-16

he recent arrest by
Russian patrols at a
point near the Man
churian railway and
the subsequent execu-
ton as spies of two
members of the Japa-
nese general staff dis