Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1904-09-30

Special Correspondence OF Inc ENehinS H'"A ~
Chicago Record Herald.
ST. LOUIS, September 10. r9ta.
AS 1 have told you already, the managers
have tried to make this exposition an actual
"timekeeper of progress'-to use Mckn-
ley's famous phrase-and wherever you go
and In whatever direction you look you VIII
see the remarkable success of their Ell
forts and recognize the generous ana enter
prising cooperation of the exhibitors Inc
date of measurement in the Columbian
exposition at Chicago, although many conf
narrative exhibits go farther back; some VI
them to the very beginning of things. That
would have added to the value OF the eA-
position if it could have been adopted III
every case, but for obvious reasons such
comprehensive displays were impracticaoie'
The state of Missouri would scarcely be pig
enough to hold them.
Perhaps the most striking ILLUSTRATIONS
of progress during the last ten years may
be found in the electricity building, such
as the wireless telegraph systems and the
like. but they are not so easily uhoerstoou
as those fround. in other departments III
the machinery building, for example, Where
Ii seems as if engines were growing Smaller
and simpler as their energy is increased:
The visitor is in a continuous state OF
establishment when the machinery Is eX-
pIained to him, particularly If he be lay
man with limited knowledge of such things:
| The greater number of surprises are found
among the automatic devices that make
tools and the tools they make. nearly all
of them the invention of American work
men.
Progress in Machinery.
In the manufactures building you find
variety of exhibits that show remarkable
progress, particularly the silk industry, and
| in the liberal arts you should see the i'm
| provements that have been made in print
| ing presses, among many other things, ana
the many new inventions, such as auto
matte calcuIat tors. like the adding ma
chine, which is genuine lightning
| calculator, and not only adds ordinary hg-
ures, but calculates weights, measures, for
eign money, fractions and all that sort OF
| thing with memorable accuracy. Ten years
ago the model was exhibited at Chicago
as curiosity. Today it is in common
use throughout the world. More than
10000 banks are using it, and find 1t in
dispeusable There are 400 in the govern
ment departments at Washington, 40 IN
the London clearing house, eighty-six In
the Corn Exchange National Bank of New
York, sixty in the First National Bank OF
| Chicago and corresponding number In
| the mercantile houses, counting rooms, IN
surance offices, railroad offices and banking
institutions OF New YORK, Phlladelphla ana
every other city
One company has erected in the liberal
arts building the most advanced and perfect
| printing press that ever constructed,
| which will print 200 600 eight-page news
papers an hour and fold them, paste the
| pages in or faSten them with wire stitches
and count and number every one. This press
can turn out 100000 SiXteen-page papers an
hour AMI $1,000 thirty-two page papers.
Ten years ago. at the Chicago exposition.
ch,Gj0 eiSht-page papers an hour was the
limit
Similar progress in the line of perfection,
economy and speed has@been made in every
department of the art Ireserva tive. and il is
appropriately illustrated here, in every de-
on
craving.
There has been no progress in steel en-
craving since the fifteenth century, and the
artists of that date did better work than
the artists of this.
r. In the Liberal Arts
In the liberal arts building however YOU
will see the substitutes that have been
copied for steel engraving. and there are
presses in operation which produce ordinary
color work equal to the best chromos ten
years ago. They are equal to Autographs
and as the printing presses can operate al
many times the speed of a photographic
press. the economy will be realized
n magazine is published in the liberal arts
bGliulng by combination of exhibitors
Everything but the literary work is done
under the roof of that building
The automatic piano is entirely nev, sinc.
the Chicago exposition.
1 he same degree of progress that is shown
III machinery and other processes NAV h.
recognized in the fine arts building. anf
particularly among The decorative az.
which are scattered through the r,,arufan
lures and varied industries buildings yor
M hotct the refinement apparent in al
lIu,t eNtIy FORM of household furnishings
particularly III wall paper and in ,,,LoI
stery. The tones have been eubdt,air 80
ihe designs nave been elevated. and il, ~,
Ioah coHecuon of the fine arts buiIdjna rn.
VIII hotlce progress in possession &C III y,
tie production OF pictures wei d.
IN the educational building we ba1o -,
tNluthceS OF Improvement in educafion ~,
charity and correction and in ~ 80, an
ment OF criminals and II annears ~ .i ,'
Strlklhg forms, but IN the transnortafio
ouAdihS more than in all the others ma,
ne ioui i me most conspicuous improve
uents In every means of carving loads
ana OF locomotion. For examine in ~
Baltimore and Ohio section is a bietori
Nhiblt showing improvements in rniIwa
-0nStrucuon-in track laying-durinp m
last nifty years. while on the other side .
a long line of modern locomotives is a sam
PIE secuon OF the tunnel which the Penn
sylvania Railroad Company is now buiIdin
from New Jersey To Long Island under m
city OF New York. 1t is made of the actre
materials that are now being used in ~
bowels of the earth under the Hudso
river and represents the boldest. the mos
extraordinary and the most expensive fea
OF engineering ever undertaken by huma
beings.
The Pennsylvania Railroad Tunnel.
The tunnel is an immense iron tube. altc
gether sixteen miles long Two tunnels wi
run under the Hudson and four under Ea.
river TO Long Island City, and they will co.
about S20oooo0o or an average of 81 80 o,
a mile The design is the work of a CON
mission or engineers. The execution of n
plans has been intrusted to Alfred Noble {
Chicago ana Charles NJ. Jacobs of Londo,
who has built the greatest tunneIs IN E,ot
land and has the reputation of being re
foremost tunnel engineer and builder in ~
world
The Pennsylvania tunnel is entirely move