davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16
THE WRANSLER
why Cambridge University Honor
Men Are SO Dcsiunatcd.


In the middle h.rS when learning
was elevated to rcspectability In Eu-
ropenn colleges exercises consisted
largely of dlsputatlons. and those who
engaged In them were called disputanta
or wrnnglcrs. One candidate was pit.
ted against another or against a college
don to thrash question out Wrangls
Is Il very suitable word. for the process
often consisted OF II bnttle royal, car
rlcd on by twisting an opponents
words so as utterly to battle or confuse
him.
In the University Of Cambridge Ia
the fifteenth century AN ould bachc.
lour," MS representative of the univer-
sity, had to sit on three legged stool
hence the word tripos) "bcffore Mr..
Proctours" to test the abilities OF the
candidates for degrees by arguing with
"the eldest SON. of them.
If these trials turned out satisfnc-
torlly the moderator would compliment
the candidates by saying to each, Sum
mo lngenil ncumine dlsputastr' (you
have wrnngled excellently) to the fore
most, or "optime quidem" or "optime''
only to what are still called senior and
Junior optimes. Not till 1853 wns the
word wrangler used Of the highest hon
ors class
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16

Not every Turner owes his name to
lathe working ancestor. for, as Mr..
Davies wrote In his account of the
York press. "the elaborate initial and
capital letters and foreated marginal
borders lin the MSS.) were invented
and drawn by the tournures and -four
lsrers," and 1t is highly probable that
they made impress on the nomencla.
tnre Of posterity. Mr.. Lower c'Patro-
nymica Britannlca'o says that 'those
who dislike the plebelan tournure Of
Turner have contrived to turn 1t iuto
Turnonre" on the plea that they came
from some tour noir in Normandy. He
states that Turner is one of the most
common of surnames and inclines to
agree with Mr.. Ferguson that the pop
ularity OF Journeys or tournaments
had much to do with it.-Notss and
Queries.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16
AN OFFER DECLINED.
I the .wccd ring 90 Bribe
Nust. the Cnrtoonist.


4 lawyer friend one day intmated TO
.,ast that I'm appreciation of his great
work party Of rich men wished to
send him abroad and give him n
chance to study art under the worlds
masters. The friend was probably In.
noCont enough. an unconscious tool OF
the ring.
Mast said very little except that he
appreciated the oiTcr and would be de-
lighted to 20 but for the fact that he
had important business just then In
New York. lie fancicd that he detect
ed the far, faint odor of mouse under
the idea, but he did not mention this to
his friend. ON the following Sunday
an officer OF the Broadway bank where
the ring kept lts accounts came out to
Morristown to see Mast. lie talked of
number Of things. Then he said:
81 hear you have been made I'M oflcr
TO 20 abroad for nrt study"
EYES," nodded Mast. but can't go.
| haven't time"
but they will pay you for your time.
have reason to believe you could get
SlOo,OOO for the trip
Mast pondcrcd II moment, then:
"Dont you think can get $200yOo0?"
81 do | believe from what have
heard In the bank that you could get
II. You have n great talent. but you
need study and you need rest. Besides.
this ring business will get you into
trouble. They own all the Judges and
Jurors and can get you locked up for
libel. My advice IL to take the money
and get away"
Mast looked out into the street and
perhaps wondered what 500, 900 would
do for him. II would pay the mort
gage on the house in the city. II would
give him years of study abroad 1t
would make him comfortable for life.
Presently he said:
Don't you think could get $500, 900
TO make that trip?"
The bank official scarcely hcstatcd.
"lou can. You can get S5000O0 In
gold to drop this ring business and get
out Of the country"
Mast laughed little. lie had played
the game far enough.
well, | don't think I'll do It," he
said. II made up my mind n long time
ago to put some of those fellows be-
hind the bars, and I'm going to put
them thcre!'
The banker rose rather quietly.
"Only be careful. Mr.. Mast, that you
do not first put yourself In a coilinw he
smiled
1t was not until two years later that
he met Mast one day on Broadway.
Mast" he said, "you did 1t after
all!'-Albert Blgelow Paine in Pear
sons.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16
SOUTH AMERICAN ANTS.
The Most dangerous s~d Trouble
some Enemies of the Hunter.

"Nhat are the most dangerous and
ter =" famous big game hunter
was asked, after he had finished tell
ing II string OF yarns about his nd-
ventures in South America.
Ants" he replied. "Thcy are far
worse than bears, jagWrs, alligators
or any other beasts about whom hair
raising stories are told They give the
hunter in tropical and suh,ropical
countries more trouble than anything
else.
"Oncc | rested my gun against u
tree To take aim at a deer. There was
an ants nest in that tree. As soon
IA fired the ants tumblcd ont in
swarms and fell all over my guide and
myself.
I'VE were nearly stung TO death
and had TO tear our clothes OH and
wallow up to our ncckS in the mud
of nearby swamp before we could
get any relief
"Auothcr time | climbed tree to
wait for mountain lions. did not
notice that there was an ants nest in
the trunk. for the ants were all in
doors when | climbed up.
shot mountain lion and started
TO climb down. but the ants had been
swnrmcd all around that tree trunk
by millions. had to slide over them
and didn't forget II for week"
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16
FRUITFUL FACTS.

Lemons are an excellent remedy In
pulmonary disease.
Persia practically enjoys the monopo-
ly of the date trade.
Sicily has some of the finest lemon
orchards In the world.
The pear tree will continue bearing
fruit for several centuries.
The cherry, the peach and the plum
all originally came from Persia.
Strawberries are regarded as particu-
larry good for sciatica and gout
At one time Strawberries We're sold
strung on straws. Thus they got their
name.
The baEapa is perfect food. Weight
for weight 1t Is claimed to be as nutri-
tious as the beefsteak.
About one pineapple in 10000 has
seeds in it, and 1t is from these seeds
that new varieties are produced.
Prunes are the dried fruit of certain
kinds of plums which are put into very
slow ovens. The finest of all, the
French prunes, are made in Provence.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16
How the Chinese Hutch Fish.

The Chinese have method of hatch
Ing the spawn of fish ana thus pro-
tectlng II from those accidents which
generally destroy large portion of II.
The fishermen collect from the margin
and surface OF water all those gelat.
nous masses which contain the
spawn OF fish, and after they have
found sufficient quantity they fill
with II the shell of fresh hens egg,
which they have previously cmptied,
stop up the hole and put It under n
sitting fowl. At the expiration of n
certain number Of days they break the
shell in water warmed by the sun.
The young fry are presently hntchcd
and are kept in pure fresh water till
they are large enough to be thrown
into the ponh with the old fish. The
sale of spawn for this purpose forms
mn important branch OF trade In
China.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16

1.-THE FIRST stogy was made by hand
In the wilds of Pennsylvania" said an
Allegheny City man. "The story which
they tell once In awhile In West vir-
ginla and which must be true IL that
the long chcrOots derived their names
from the town Of Conestoga, Pa. An
emlrrant train OF wagons was finding
Its way across the state, and supply
of tobacco was found ut Conestoga.
The cmlgrnnts got II lot Of 1t, but fall
ed to get any pipes, and so could not
smoke unless they made pipes them
selves. Necessity is the mother Of In
ventlon. You may have heard that re-
mark before. Anyhow. one Of the men
rolled leaf Of the tobacco In his hand
and wrapped II with another leaf.
That was the first stogy. Others fol-
lowed his example, and they MI called
the article that they made stoga
in honor Of the town Mt which the to-
bacco was secured. That tx said to be
the true story of how the name stogy
originated" - Louisville Courier-Jour-
nal
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16
ANIMAL TAILS.
Some That Are Quite Useful as Well
as Ornamental.

The tail, or, more strictly speaking,
the caudal fin, of fish is says Pro-
fessor Seeley, "the great organ of mo-
ton" and among the mammalia we
find several useful tails.
The most remarkable is, perhaps,
that common to most American mon
keys, which is as good as a fifth hand.
owing TO its prehensile powers. The
yellow tailed howler, If it is shot
when hanging by the tail, will remain
suspended for some hours, so tight is
the grip. Humboldt noted in South
America how spider monkeys form
themselves into clusters by means of
their limbs and tails, the whole group
being suspended from bough by the
tail Of the strongest.
The long. thick tail OF the kangaroo,
which serves as balance against the
heavy hind quarters, especially when
the animal leans forward to browse.
and also aids in supporting it when in
Its characteristic upright position. is
also most valuable appendage,
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16
Shooting with Horseshoe Nails.

Horseshoe nails kicked about the
roads of the world by horses innumer-
able are far from the useless frag-
ments we might think them. Gun
makers tell us there is no iron so well
dtted for their purpose ms that derived
from horseshoe nails and similar worn
fragments. The nails, made originally
1f the best stun obtainable. receive
rom the constant pounding Of the
iorses' feet on hard surfaces a pccul-
ar anneallns and toughcnlng, making
.hem n most perfect substance for tho
manufacture If the finest gun barrels
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16
Not One Agreed.

DR.. y. Of Capitol hill has--rare thing
for Washington physician-an Irish
driver. The doctors horse is kept at n
livery stable, and when its owner and
the driver arrived there on Sunday
morning not long ago the doctor dis
covered that his watch had run down
hours before. He asked the time of one
of the men lounging about tie stable.
The man produced noisy tn turnip
and announced the hour as o. The liv-
cry stable keepers watch maze 1t S57.
Somebody else's had II 0:10.
Come on, Jim" said the doctor to
the driver. "It's no use. No two Of
these watches agree
mo two OF thin" said Jim. Faith.
divil wan OF thin agreesw
ton Post
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16
senator vests Pledge.

Just before his first election to the
United States senate the late Senator
Vest went to caucus of Mlssourlans
who were members of the general as
sembly. Following a competitor who
had talked three mortal hours, Vest
spoke for three minutes. concluding
with these words: "As for myself |
have TO say, with the full knowledge
that the pledge ! now make will inau-
ence your votes tomorrow, that II am
elected to the United States senate dur
Ing my entire term ! shall draw my
pay regularly like Il gentleman and
spend 1t like thoroughbred" He was
elected and served the state for TWEEN.
ty-four years.-Kansas City Star.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16
ACADEMY OF BRAN.
A Celebrated Italian Literary Insti-
tuition and Its Aims.

tuition and Its Aims.
The Academy of Bran was the most
celebrated of Italian literary acadc
mics, and its title was borrowed from
a previous literary society at Pcrugla
the Academia degll Scossl, or the
Academy Of the Well Shaken. The
device of the earlier society was a
sieve and its motto I'll piu bel flor ne
coglle" Ut collects the finest lour).
The principal object of the Bran
society, the Academia della Crusca,
was the publication Of the Italian
language, in order TO effect which, in
the spirit of pcdantry common TO the
age it relntroduced many obsolete
words which had been replaced by
more effective derivative forms or
foreign adaptations.
Its greatest work was the Nocabu-
lario della Crusca, the Vocabulary of
the Bran, published in 1913. The
whole tone of this work was archaic
II affected to regard the fourteenth
century as the Augustan age of
Italian literature and endeavorcd to
make the standard of that period II
standard for all time. The Academia
della Crusca is now incorporated with
two older societies. the Apatici, or Im-
partials, and the Florentine academy
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16
He Still Agreed.

Lord Justice Romer was II chancery
Judge in England for nine years before
he was raised to the appeal court. De-
cisive In manner and no waster OF
words. his simple 81 agree" has become
famous. Lord Justice Rigby was CIV
Ing an elaborate decision one day and
happened to pause In that effective way
he had to give emphasis to a point. In
an Instant came In Sir Robert Romer's
sonorous ~ agree" to the visible dis
eomfiture of Sir John Rigby. But l
hadn't finished my observations" he
said and thereupon continued his judg-
ment, somewhat more eXhaustively. At
length he finished. II still agree" said
Lord Justice ROmer. And the appeal
court rang with unaccustomed laugh
ter
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16

81 guess might as well quit school
pa" said the boy.
"Why. my SOM"
"Oh, there amt any use going. ex.
cept to be able to help my little boy
when ! grow up, and II they have
changed the way Of doing things since
you were boy so that you can't help
me it's likely I'm Just wasting my time
getting ready to help my little boy"
He got the help he wanted. but II
was good thing he didn't hear what
his father had to say about newfan.
gled school books after he had gone "a
bed.-New York Press.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16

The latest fad in London Is to hold
paper chnscs in motor cars. One car
Is given load of paper cut mp into
little pieces and leaves trail Of pa
per as 1t whirls through the country.
The other cars follow the trail and try
to catch the first car.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16

Friend-You've never been called In
consultation. have you? Young Doctor
No, but I'd like to be- It's nice to
charge ten times as much as the other
doctor for saying that you don't know
any more about the case than he does.
Puck.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16
Limited ursire.

The Sunday school class was singing
II Want to Be an Angel" and the
teacher said to one little fellow. "Why
don't you sing louder. Johnny"
I'm singing just as loud as want
to be an angel" answered the inc0r.
rigible Johnny.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16
WESTWARD

:, Train h2 Sunday leaves Dubois 40 n. m.
Nus creek AZ Reynoldsyllle4.3O, Brookyjiie
o'vy, hod BANK $50, Plttsburg $50 d. m,
NO. lOi daily between Plttsburg and Dubois.
On Sundays only train leaves Drlftwood nj
S.zO q, m, arrives Dubois 1000 a. M Return
lng leaves Dubois 200 y. M, arrives Drift
tlOns. e'"
sgTrains marked run dnily;S daily. except
sunday Nag station. where signals must be
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16
signs of Genius.

~ reckon John must have been cut
put fur one o. these here geniuses that
writss for the magazines" said the old
lman
'What makes you think so?'
''Can't make money enough to git his
hair cut an would rather watch star
chan dig y lrf-washington Star.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16

Paul--Percy. what is your idea OF
success? Percy My idea Of success =?
Well, it is having people run after me
who used to run away from me,
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16
The noctnr,n Yie,Ynnint.

Doctor-Well, sir, congratulate you.
It's all nicely over. Newestpop-.And
what is IT, doctor? Doctor One hun
dred dollars. thank you.-Town Topics.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16

This motto Is displayed on down.
town desk; "The elevator TO success IL
generally stuck; try the stairs" Home
ly, but wise.--Boston Traveller
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16

That Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes was
not only the autocrat of the breakfast
table, but was also an autocrat of him.
self, is humorously illustrated in his
four foot long shoe horn, which Is now
one of the prize relics of famous peo-
pie in the possession of Boston col
lector.
The autocrat. though a little man
physically, was big in dignlty-and
philosophy. The bending down to put
on low shoe by the use of the ordi-
nary horn seemed to him to smack %
louttlshness, and, besides, was there
not in the act needless-an uneco-
nomic--waste of red corpuscles?
Accordingly he had common steel
shoe horn affixed 20 long cane-like
handle and ever after gave an exhibit
tion Of Il gentleman putting on his
boots in conformity with the most ex-
acting laws of department and hy.
giene.--Boston Herald.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16
Philadelphia & Erie Railroad Division
In effect May 10Th, 1904. Trains leave
Driftwood as follows.
EASTWARD

''Vl m-Train IL, weekdays, for sunbury.
mnkesDarfe, lidzleton, Pottsyille, Scranton,
,io ,iiarrisDurg and the intermediate sta
Iiohs, ARRIVING at Philadelphia G:23 ID. M,
New J Otk, $50 y. m; Baltimore, 600 D. M;
mashinKton, Gl5 y, m Pullman Parlor car
nngo ron Wiiliamsport TO Phllndelpha and pas
Inston. "''
1850 u. m..-Train g. dniIy for Sunburv Ua,-
rls9uig aud principal intermediate stations,
nrrlving ht Philadelphia 1883 u. M New
& iofh io2J ?. M. Baltimore 1880 D. M, WASH
and passenger coaches, Buffalo TO pbiladel.
phia nnd Washington.
WY =. m.-Train o, daily, for Har-
fisDufg and Intermediate stations, ar
rlvinH at Philadelphia 1923 A. M; New Y ork.
a.l3 II. in.i Baltimore, go u. M; Washington
nv A. N. Pullman Sleeping cars from
iihrrl Durg 10 Philadelphia and New York,
Philnlelphla passengers can remain in
,,fleeDnr undisturbed until 1880 IN.
litW p'm-Train I,daily for Sunbury Harrls-
puTP ana ln'crmediate stations, arriving at
Philadelphia, 7:l7 A. NJ; New York, 3:s3
4. N. un week days and 1898 NJ. on Sum
day; baltimore, 7:l5 a. Nj Washington, s: %
A., NJ, pullman sleepers from Erie,
ana Willlamsport to Philadelphia, and
ccoaches from Erie TO Philadelphia, and
2;ll p.m.-Truin H. daily for Sunbury, Harris
burg and principal intermediate statlons,ar
rlyins at Philadelphia 1892 a. M, New York
WV =. m. weekdays, nO.s n. M, Sunday
baltimore $50 u. M, Washington, S:I6 a m.
VestiDuled bufot sleeping cars and pa
SS9nger coaches, Buffalo TO Philadelphia and
Washington.
WESTWARD
1899 a. rn.-Train z, daily for Buffalo via
Emporium.
';ii a. m.-TraIn o, daily for Erie, Ridg-
way, and week days for Dubois, CIermont
and principal intermediate stations.
800 a. m.--Traln 3, daily for Erie and inter-
mediate points.
ID, In.-Ifuiu RaIn ,fa
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16

There are those who think that II
their brand of soap had been known
the world would have been cleaned
without food.--Mark Twain.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16

The most delicate. the most sensible
of all pleasures consists in promoting
the pleasures OF others.-Bruyere.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16

The more you speak Of yourself the
more you are likely to lie thinner
man.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16

pdmdt dtan,npl Sunday leaves Pittsburgh o. n. M,
neu bank i.lO BrookvllleI eI2.ii, Reynoidsviiie
LIS rails Greek i2p Dubois 40 u. m
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16

A civil guest will no more ta,h al
than eat all the feast. Herbert.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16
A Question of Weight.

The enthusiasm OF oarsmen for their
sport is, think, keener even than that
of the golfer. They never can help
talking 'shop." The other day young
oarsman told me Of his engagement to
be married and also of the engagement
Of another well known oarsman. en-
deavored to find words suitable to the
occasion, but | was stopped as he
promptly interjected, You know, mines
II stone 3, and KS is only 8 stone L."
The ruling passion was strong In love.
London Truth.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16
John G. HIRST,

CIVIL AND MINING ENGINEER,
Surveyor and Draughtsmnn. once In Sol
sbaffor building, Main street.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16

In etTt't October i., 1901. For further infor-
mation address the Company's general Office
at Brook Vile, Pa,
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1904-11-16
JoHNSoNBURG RAILROAD.

RIDGwAY x CLEARFIELD RAILROAD
and Connections.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1904-12-14
HELD IN BONDAGE
Peonage Cases Argued in
the United States
Supseme Court.
BY the Associated press.)

Washington. Dec. 13.--Arguinent
vas begun today in the Supreme court
Of the United states in the case OF
Cemuel NJ Clyatt Vs. The United
states. in which the court is called
Gpon 10 deal with the question oi
peonage Clyatt is n resident OF Geor-
ga who in 1902 was convicted IN the
Federal courts of that state ano SEN
fenced TO four years Imprisonment ~
hard labor on the charge of having
held two negro men iii peonage on 3c-
count of debt. in violation Of Section
5526 cf the Revised Statutes.
Attorney William G.. Brantley made
the first presentation of the case. lie
arneared for Clyatt aud ella med that
the record failed TO establish the fact
that the men were held in unlawtul
servitude The apprehension being In
the nature of an arrest Senator Ba-
can also appears IN the ease for
Clyatt. while Attorney General Moody
Will represent the government.
The Attorney General has fled a
hlief. i'm which he says, speaking OF
the Importance Of the case:
Immediately upon the certiilca,icn
OF this case to the supreme court sew
erAl of the district Judges in the fifth
circuit. in which numerous prosecu-
tione for violations of In $ statute were
pending refused to try amy OF the
cases. and prepared the same 10 await
the decision of the court in this case.
Ii is therefore quite evident that the
executive arm OF the law. so far at
least rs the enforcement of this
statute is concerned. is practically
paralyzed Notwithstanding the fact
that several United States courts have
held this law 10 be constitutional, the
government is powerlesS tor compel its
enforcement or observance even in the
most typical and ffagrant cases. We
think We may tunthfully say that upon
the decision Of this case hangs the Lib
erty of thousands OF persons, mostly
colored. il Is true, who are now ne
ing held in a condition of involun-
tary servitude. i'm many cases worse
thau slavery itself. by the unlawful
acts Of ind viduals. not only in viola
ton of the thirteenth amendment TO
he Constitution. but in viclatioE o.
the law which we have here under
consideration.