The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-07-11
TELLS OF PROGRESS
IN NEW ZEALAND
Archbishop Redwood Delivers
an Interesting Discourse
at Cathedral

ing by the Most Rev. F. M. Red
wood, archbishop of Wellington, in
sermon delivered at the st. Paul ca
thedral.
Today" said the archbishop, sis the
seventh Sunday after Penteeost. Ia
view of the subject 1 am about to dis
cuss, 1 may appropriately remind you
of st. Pauls epistle to the Romans,
vi, 1928, speak of human things
etc.
4 have been requested to address
you by your archbishop, and am most
happy to respond to the desires of that
illustrious prelate. Yet 1 am not a to-
tai stranger among you. Over twenty
five years ago, on my first visit to st.
Paul, [ delivered a sermon in this very
cathedral. Nine or ten years hence L
hope to have the privilege of speak
have no doubt that responding
to the wishes of your archbishop,
you will erect a building of suit
able dignity upon the admirable
site he has Selected-a cathedral that,
like your glorious capitol, will dominate
the entire city, typifying the fact that
religion no less than the state must
govern we'll ordered commonwealth.
Tells of New Zealand
Il am going to speak to you about
New Zealand. 1 am the archbishop Of
Wellington, the capital of New Yea
land. Not few persons imagine that
l come from Australia; but New Zea-
land is 1,200 miles away, across the sea,
from Australia. We have three islands
two large and one small-all in the
temperate zone. The latitude of We'll
lngton corresponds almost exactly to
that of Chicago, but the climate is very
different. Because of our location, sur
rounded on all sides by the sea, our
climate is much milder than that of
Chicago and much less variable Very
rarely does the mercury fall to the
freezing point in our country, although
there are some three months that cor
respond to winter, when the trees i'm
ported from other countries lose their
leaves. The Indigenous trees are all
evergreen, with one exception the
fuchsia tree. You know the fuchsia
plant that you cultivate for its flowers
With us that plant grows to be gen
uine tree, and it loses its leaves in the
winter time. 1t is then that the south
winds blow; for, inasmuch as we are
on the other side of the equator, our
cold winds come from the south and
our warm winds from the north.
Our summers are not as hot as one
would imagine who knows the mildness
VI Jul NihhOiSs very
seldom indicates SO great a heat as 80
degrees. Thus we can produce every
thing that can be cultivated in any
temperate climate.
Country Is loo Miles Long
1.-THE length of New Zealand. from
northeast to southwest, is LOO miles.
The coast line is very extensive, meas
urlng no less than 1900 miles, and our
coasts provide many excellent harbors.
We have four large cities-Welling-
ton, Auckland, Christchurch and Dune
din. They are Of about the same size,
each having $4,000 to 10000 inhabi-
tantS. The capital is Wellington.
Ours is pre- eminently grazing and
mining country. We raise an immense
number of sheep and ship to Europe
great cargoes of mutton. Some of the
steamships that call at one of our ports
after another, accommodating mutton,
carry across the sea the carcasseS of
100000 sheep in single cargo
Another source of our wealth is the
celebrated New Zealand hemp or flax.
1t is really not fax at all, but lily.
1t grows Wild and requires no cultiva-
ton. 1t is exported in large quaint
ties to be used as Irvine for harvesting
machines. No other fiber can stand the
strain SO we'll, and our flax is relied on
by harvesters the world over.
ITO give you an idea of our wealth.
l may say that. with population of
$4,000 or 100000 whites and about
41,0e0 Maoris or natives, our exports
last year We're valued at s7O,00O,OOO
we enjoy as great a degree of lib
erty and of civil order as any country
In the world; and I can assert without
exaggeration, that in no country, not
even in your great nation are the peo-
pie SO we'll fed, So well housed and so
materially happy.
Not Single Millionaire
'Yet We have no millienaires in New
Zealand-not one. The wealth is we'll
diffused. Thus we have avoided many
Inconvenience that have distressed
older countries. There is no centraliza-
ton of wealth; no sharp drawing of
social lines.
Having small, new country, with
favorable conditions for establishing
things on a fresh basis, we have en-
deaVored to solve a number Of social
questions; and SO far as We can Judge
from the results in a country of that
size the solutions have been satisfac.
tory. The state. for example, interests
itself in many things that would else
where be declared beyond its province.
Not only the poStoffice, but the rail-
ways and the telegraphs, are under
government control. The state has also
interfered TO prevent what might be-
come the abuse of poverty by wealth,
of labor by capital. During the last
fifteen years, for instance, we have had
no strikes-eVer since our boards of
Cancellation and arbitration were es-
tabliShed
But no one need fear that New Zea-
land is becoming socialistic. There is
no intention to interfere with private
property. On the contrary we try TO
encourage by every means the growth
and prosperity of the small capitalist
believing that his class forms the best
backbone for any community.
Natives Taught Heresy
"And now, coming to the spiritual
conditions in our country, 1 must re-
mind you that for a long time New
Zealand was nobody's land. It was
not until 1910 that it became a British
colony, though missionaries went there
as early as 1914. They did some good
among the natives, but, unfortunately,
they taught the natives heresy, in
structed them in the wrong sort of
Christianity. Soon after the Marist
Fathers began teaching the natives in
1888, wars broke out between the ma
tive tribes and the whites. Large num-
berS of the Maoris persisted. Hating
Christianity as the religion of their en-
emieS, many of the natives relapsed
into paganism.
During some years, however, the
cause of religion slowly gained. There
are now left, as / said, about 1000
MaOriS, OF these 10 f100 ara Catholics