The Holly chieftain., 1904-12-09

To the Senate and House OF Represen-
tatives:
The nation continues to enjoy note
worthy prosperity Such prosperity is Of
course primarily due to the high individ-
uai average of our citizenship. taken to-
pether with our great natural resources:
but an important factor therein is the
working of our long continued govern
mental policies. The people have en-
phatically expressed their approval OF the
principles underlying these policies and
their desire that these principles be kept
substantially unchanged, although of
course applied in progressive spirit to
meet changing conditions.
Capital and Labor
In the vast and complicated mechanism
of our modern civilized life the dominant
note is the note of industrialsm; and the
relations of capital and labor and espe-
cially of organized capital and organized
labor, TO each other and to the public at
large come second in importance only to
the intimate questions OF family life
AS long the states retain the prm-
ary control of the police power the cir
cumstances must be altogether extreme
which require Interference by the federal
authorities whether in the way of safe
guarding the rights of labor or in the
way OF seeing that wrong is not done by
trruly persons who shield themselves be-
hind the name of labor If there is re-
sistance to the federal courts. interfer-
ence with the lis. or interstate COM
mercc, or molestation of federal property
or II the state authorities in some crisis
which they are unable to face call for
help. then the federal government may
interfere; but though such Interference
may be caused by condition of things
arising out of trouble connected with
some question Of labor, the Interference
itself simply takes the form of restoring
order without regard to the questions
which have caused the breach of order
for to keep order is a primary duty and
in time of disorder and violence all 9TH
er questions sink into allegiance until or
der has been restored. In the District
of Columbia and in the territories the
federal law covers the entire field of gov
ernment; but the labor question is only
acute in populous centers OF commerce.
manufactures. or mining. Nevertheless,
both in the enactment and in the en-
forcement of law the federal government
within its restricted sphere should set an
example to the state governments espe-
cially in a matter SO vital as this affect
ing labor. i believe that under modern
industrial conditions 1t is often necessary,
and even where not necessary. it is yet
often wise, that there should be organ
ization of labor in order better to secure
the rights of the individual wage-worker
All encouragement should be given to any
such organization, long as 1t Is con-
Quoted with due and decent regard for
the rights of others. There are in this
country some labor unions which have
habitually and other labor unions which
have often, been among the most efrec-
tive agents in working for good citizen
ship and, for uplifting the condition of
those whose welfare should be closest to
our hearts. But when any labor union
seeks improper ends, or seeks to achieve
proper ends by improper means, all good
citizens and more especially all honorable
public servants must oppose the wrong
doing resolutely as they would oppose
the wrongdong of any great corporation.
OF course any violence brutality or cor
ruption. should not for one moment be
tolerated Wage workers have an entire
right to organize and by all peaceful and
honorable means to endeavor to persuade
their fellows to join with them in organ
izations They have legal right. which,
according to circums tances may or NAV
not be a moral right, to refuse to work
in company with men who decline TO join
their organiZa tions. They have under no
circumstances the right to commit vio-
lence upon those whether capitalists or
wage workers. who refuse to support
their organizations, or who side with
those with whom they are at odds; for
mob rule is intolerabe in any form.
The amendment and strengthening
OF the employers liability law is rec.
commended. and the passage of law
requiring the adoption of block sig
nal system, to prevent railroad acct
dents urged.
Unions of Government Employees.
The message continues:
There is no objection to employees OF
the government forming or belonging to
unions: but the government can neither
discriminate for nor discriminate against
non-unon men who in its employ
ment, or who seek to be employed under
1t. Moreover, 1t is very grave impro-
priety for government employees to band
themselves together for the purpose of
extortng improperly high salaries from
the government. Especially is this true
of those within the classified service. The
letter carriers, both municipal and rural
are as a whole an excellent body of pub
'sc servants. They should be amply paid
But their payment must be obtained by
arguing their claims fairly and honorably
before the Congress. and not by banding
together for the defeat of those congress-
men who refuse to give promises which
they can not in conscience give. The
Administration has already taken steps
to prevent and punish abuses OF this ma
bre; but 1t will! be wise for the Congress
to supplement this action by legislation
Bureau Of Labor.
Much can be done by the government
in labor matters merely by giving pub
licity to certain conditions. The bureau
Of labor has done excellent work Of this
kind in many different directions ! shall