The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1904-12-08
The President Makes Strong Recon-
mendations Concerning Capital and
Labor, Foreign Affairs. Army and
Navy. Commerce and Other Subjects
That Will Come Before Congress.

$1yluS tneSe policies, and their desire
sfaat these principles be kept su5stan-
TALLY unchanged although of course
applied in progressive spirit to meet
changing conditions.
81 CAUTION AGAINST ExTRAVA.
GANcE.
The enlargement of scope of the
functions Of the National Government
required by our development as u ma
ton involves, of course, increase Of
expense; and the period of prosperity
through which the country is passing
s1ustifies expenditures for permanent
:1mprovementments far greater than
would be wise in hard times. Battle
ships and forts. public buildings. and
improved waterways are investments
which should be made when we have
lie money; but abundant revenues and
"a large surplus always invite extrava.
gance, and constant care should be
taken to guard against unnecessary in
crease Of the ordinary expenses of gov
-ernment. The cost OF doing Government
business should be regulated with the
same rigid scrutiny as the cost Of
doing private business.
CAPITAL AND LABOR.
Ia the vast and complicated mechan.
Ism OF our modern civilized life the
dominant note is the note OF Industrial
ism: and the relations of capital and
labor, and especially OF organized capi-
tai and organized labor, to each other
and to the public at large come second
IN importance only to the intimate
questions Of family life. Our peculiar
form OF government. with it's sharp
division of authority between the Ma
ton and the several States. has been
scn the whole far more advantageous to
our development than q more strongly
centralized government. But it is un-
Goubtedly responsible for much of the
difficulty of meeting with adequate
legislation the new problems presented
by the total change in industrial condi
stiens on this continent during the last
half century. In actuai practice 1t has
proved exceedingly difficult. and in
many cases impossible. to get unanimity
sof wise action among the various States
en- these subjects. From the very nature
Sof the case this is especially true of the
laws affecting the employment Of capi
tai in huge masses.
With regard to labor the problem is
no less important but it is simpler.
As long as the States retain the pri-
mary control OF the police power the
circumstances must be altogether ex-
treme which require interference by
the Federal authorities. whether in the
way of safeguarding the rights of
labor or in the way OF seeing that
wrong is not done by unruly persons
who shield themselves behind the name
.0e labor. If there Is resistance to the
Federal courts, interference with the
mails, or Interstate commerce. or mole
station Of Federal property. or If the
State authorities In some crisis which
then the Federal Government may in-
teTfere; but though such interference
may be caused by condition Of things
arising out of trouble connected with
some question of labor. the iuterfer-
ence itself simply takes the form of
restoring order without regard to the
questions which have caused the breach
of order-for to keep order is a pri-
mary duty and in a time OF disorder
and violence all other questions Sink
into abeyance until order has been
restored. In the District OF Columbia
and in the Territories the Federal law
covers the entire field of government;
hut the labor question is only acute IN
nopular centers of commerce. manufac-
tures. or mining. Nevertheless. both IN
fhe enactment and in the enforcement
$So Of law the Federal Government within
its restricted sphere should set an ex-
ample to the State governments, es-
necially in a matter so vital as this
Affecting labor. l believe that under
modern industrial conditions it is often
necessary, and even where not neces-
sary it is yet often wise. that there
should be organization OF labor IN
order better to secure the rights OF the
indiyidual wage-worker- All encourage
ment should be given to any such or.
eanization, so long as 1t is conducted
With a due and decent regard for the
rights of others. There are in this coun-
,ry some labor unions which have ha-
h;tuaIIy. and other labor unions which
have often. been among the most e1ec-
tive agents in working for good citl-
zenship and for uplifting the condltlon
of those whose welfare should be CLOS
oct TO our hearts. But when any iaoor
nnion seeks improper ends, OF seeks 10
achieve proper ends by improper
means, all good citizens ana more es-
neeially all honorable puollc servants I1ae
r,ust oppose the wrondolng as resolu.e-
" as they would oppose the wrong e.
doing of any great corporation. vi
course any violence. orotahty, or cor.
ruption, should not for one moment len ou pe
tolerated. Wage-workers nave an .aa en-
tire right to organize and by all Isae, peace
full and honorable means 10 enoea.oI ave s
to To- persuade their fellows to to a JON WIN In
them in organizations. They have le-
gal right, which, according to circum, a,
Stances, may or may not De noral
right. to refuse to work IN company
with men who decline to JOIN tnell