The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1904-09-30

| mon law principles could be applied by
Interstate commerce, in the absence OF
| united states statutes specifically COW
ering the case. Such is the law of the
land.
Reciprocity.
| IN my address TO the notification COM
mlttee l said that tariff reform lis de-
manded by the best interests of both
manufacturer and consumer. With
| equal truth IL can be said that the bene-
nts OF reciprocal trade treaties would
| ehuIe 10 both That the consumer would
be helped Is unquestionablc. That the
| manufacturer would receive great benefit
by extending his markets abroad hardly
needs demonstration. His productive ca
| nacity has outgrowp the home market.
| he very term Home Market" has
changed In Its significance. Once, from
the manufacturers point OF view, IL
meant expansion. to-day the marvellous
| growth OF our manufacturing industries
has far exceeded the consumptive capac-
| ity OF our domestic markets, and the
| term Home Market implies contrac.
| ton, rather than expansion II We would
run our mills to their full capacity, thus
| giving steady employment TO our work.
| men and securing to them and to the
manufacturer the profits accruing from
| be found. Furthermore, when our manu-
| tacturers are dependent on raw materials
In whole or part imported, II is vital
to the extension OF their markets abroad
that they secure their materials on the
most favorable terms.
Our martyred president, William Nc
IL
pointed out in his last address TO the
people that we must make sensible trade
ARRANGEMENTS II I'VE shall extend the
outlets for our increasing surplus" He
said. "a system which provides "A mutual
exchange of commodities is manitesIlS es-
sential to tho continued and healthtul
growth of our export trade. The
period of eXclusiveness is past The ex
panSiOn Of our trade and commerce Is
the pressing problem. Commercial wars
are Improbable. policy of good VIII
and friendly relations will prevent re-
prisals. Reciprocity treaties are I'm har-
mony with the spirit of the times; meas
uIes OF retaliation are not
This argument was made in the inter-
est of our manufacturers, whose prod
ucts he urged, have so multiplied. that
the problem OF more markets requn es
our urgent and immediate attention" He
had come to realize that the so-called
stand pat" policy must give way-tnat
there must be a reduction of duties to
enable our manufacturers to cultivate
foreign markets. The last words of this
his countrymen-ought to be studied by
every man who has any doubt of the
necessity of reduction in tariff rates
in the interest of the manufacturer. They
present with clearness situation and
a proposed remedy that prompted the
provision in our platform which declaI es
that, I'VE favor liberal trade arrange
ments with Canada and with peoples of
other countries where they can be en-
tered into with benefit TO American ag-
riculture, manufactures, mining or COM
mercc."
Tue persistent refusal of the Republi-
can majority in the Federal Senate to
in pursuance of the policy advocated alike
by Mr.. Blaine and Mr.. Mckinley, and
expressly sanctioned in the Dingley act
Itself is a dscouTaging exhibition Of bad
faith. AS already mentioned by me, the
eXorbitant duty imposed on many an i'm
ported article by the Dingley tariff was
avowedly intended by its author not to
be permanent. but to serve temporarily
as maximum. from which the Federal
government was empowered TO offer a
reduction. in return for an equivalent
concession on the part Of a foreign coGn-
try. President Mckinley undertook hon
estly to carry out the purpose of the
meuts were negotiated. which, III ratified.
would have had the two-fold result of
cheapening many imported products for
American consumers, and of opening and
charging foreign markets to American
producers. Not one of those agreements
has met with the approval of the Re
they did not even permit their consider
alton In view of the attitude of the
be expected from him. Nor does the Re-
publican platform contain a favorable
reference to one of the suspended treaties.
The reciprocity clauses of the Dingley act
seem destined to remain a monument of
legislative cozenage and political had
faith, unless the people take the matter
in their own hands at the ballot box
and command a reduction of duties in
return for reciprocal concessions.
independence for the FtItptnoS.
In some quarters il has been assumed
that in the discussion of the Philippine
question in my response, the phrase
self -government.' was intended to mean
something less than independence. 1t
was not intended that 1t should be UNI
derstood to mean, nor do l think as
used it does mean less than independ-
ity for conjecture. l now state that l
am in hearty accord with that plank in
our platform that favors doing for the
mi WI nt " n IN
the Cubans; and l favor making the
promise TO them now that we shall take
such action as soon as they are reason
ably prepared for it,
Reclamation Of Arid Lands.
A vast eXpanse of country in the West.
portions OF which are to be found in
cach OF the sixteen states and territories,
mentioned in the law, is directly affected
by the national statute-the outcome of
intelligent and persistent efforts of lead
ing citizens, providing for the reclama-
ton of tie arid lands for the benefit OF
hunese ekers. During the years of the
development of the measure which finally
received the vote of every member of
the upper house of Congress. IL encoun-
tered opposition. based 10 large extent
upon tho view that the aim of its pro-
meters was to secure the benefits OF irri-
cation to private owners at government
expense. The aim of the statute IL. how
ever to enable this vast territory to re-
claim its arid lands without calling upon
the taxpayers of the country at large to
pay for it. Whether the purposes of tho
pend in large measure upon the ability,
sobriety of Judgment, independence and
honesty OF tho officers Of the Interior De-
partment having this great work in
charge.
Panama Canal.
An isthman canal has long been the
hope of our statesmen, and tho avoS ed
aim OF the two great parties, as their
platforms in the past show. The Pan
ernn route having been selected, the build
rg of the canal should be pressed to
completion with all reasonable expedition.
Tic methods by which the executive
acquired the Pa3ama canal r5Gte and
rights are source of regret TO many.
To them, the statement that thereby
great public work was assured TO the
profit of our people Is not a sufficient
answer TO the charge of violation of ma
tional good faith. They appreciate that
the principles and healthy convictions
which I'm their working out have made us
free and great. stand firmly against the
argument or suggestion that we shall be
blind to the nature of the means en-
ployed to promote our welfare. They
hold that adherence to principle. wheth-
er IL works for our good or i'll, will have
a more penefcent influence on our tu-
ture destiny than all our material up
building. and that we should ever re-
member that the idea OF doing n wrong
to a smaller. weaker nation than we, or
even all mankind, may have a resultant
good Is repugnant to the principles upon
which our government was founded.
American Shipping.
Our commerce in American bottoms