The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1904-08-30
FARMING ON A LARGE SCALE.
Address of W.. I. Everett of Richmond Co., North
Carolina, Before Farmers State Convention, Raleigh,
N. c., August 3, 1904.

sented that cannot be passed by or deferred, but
must be met and solved. Farming is widely diff
ferent from any other work requiring manual
labor. Season, temperature, etc., enter largely
into the profits or loss in farming. The planter
comes into contact with many other enterprises
requiring labor, for which he cannot compete
in prices paid, hence the efficient labor leave the
farm and seek employment where large numbers
are congregated and where they can obtain bet
ter prices. These prices can be paid on work of
a character where full time and constant activity
is demanded, while on the farm that supervision
cannot be given, as the work extends over large
territory. When direct supervision cannot be
given to this class of work it is difficult to obtain
an equation in labor for that paid for same. On
account of the unreliable labor and the uncer-
tainty of prompt attention, it becomes the land
lord to adopt some other plan than that of cult
waiting a large plantation with day labor or wages
labor. No two sections adopt the same plans for
conducting this part of farming. In the same
section some employ all labor paying daily, weekly
or monthly wages, while others give for their
labor an interest in the crops planted, cultivated
and gathered.
Some landlords furnish land, stock, tools, fer
tilizer-in short, all save labor. For that they
give one-third of the entire product of the farm.
Others furnish land, stock, tools and one-half fer
~tilizer, while the tenant or cropper furnishes one
half fertilizer and all labor and receives one-half
the product of the farm.
/ an of the opinion that the cropper plan is
the better where much labor is required. This
secures a better class of tenants, prevents strikes,
and they receive the reward for their labor. The
landlord may not (and does not, when prices are
good reap that large profit he would under the
wages system, yet he is secure in his labor, COM
paratively, and has the consolation of knowing
he can keep his help so long as he deals justly
with them. This none should fail to do.
PREPARATION OBJ LANDS.
In our Judgment lands should be thoroughly
broken, and well narrowed prior to the planting.
Use two Cor more) horse turn pillow followed by
subsoil or long scooter, thereby breaking the pan
or hard land. This gives US a pulverized soil, or
pulverized land, u to 20 inches deep. 1t is not
essential to subsoil the land oftener than once in
from three to five years. We then, when time ar
rives, prepare the lands in the usual way for
planting. The first work after this is to run
weeders, crossing the rows, thereby breaking any
crust formation that the cotton may readily come
up, or if up, it is a working and thereby the
young grass is covered or taken up. Otter this
wedding is repeated, the ~chopping then is rap
idly done, after which the sweep is put to work.
the crop is cultivated by plows mostly, and they
run shallow. Let me emphasize: Break deep and
cultivate shallow. Continue this work to the last
part of August.
When the gatherers commence and the cotton
is dried out, the gins are started, this Is followed
by teams conveying the cotton to the market. AS
the crop is delivered settle with the choppers after