The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-11-06
lon and woollenT industries we're practical.

ton and WOOlen INDUSTRIES WIRE ~ a. '7f
Sly on a firm basis before the system OF
protective tariff was introduced. The
mild protection afforded for two or three
years after the restrictive period was
advocated and gained by Clay and cal
tlioun on the ground OF our being asTa
nation. better prepared to fight the enc
my in tho emergency OF another !; war,
and not with purpose Of favorlng spe-
c!al manufactures, The argument. that
protection Is necessary for the rise. and.
early development Of "infant Industries"
when drawn from the history or the
United Sta tes. Is not sound,
Three causes contributed at this time
70 tho depression OF agricultural prices
wiz. Engiand's unusually fine hnrvests,
her restrictive laws OF commerce, ana
tho financial panic and currency bubble
or 1878. For n time, at least these causes
made 1t appear that manufacturing would
prove more profitable than farming; and
at once tho manufactures began TO re-
ceiye moro encourag stncnt from the peo-
pie and the government since It was also
seen that foreign countries would not
be purchasers OF our manufactured sooas,
having better products of their own the
popular cry was soon raised to preserve
the home market for the benefit OF domes-
tic Industries. The New England States
q
and sundry manufactures. While the Mid
die and Western Sta ties, New York, New
Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio and Kentucky
clamorcd vigorously for an exclusive
..homc market" for their agricultural pro-
.ucts Only the Southern States, that
had to bug so much for their slaves, ana
that feared England might rctaliate by
heavily taxing tho Importation Of Atncri-
can cotton, opposed the, restrictive policy
inc shirt or protection was steadily gains
ing ground, and shortly was enacted IN
rar,,d succession the high tariff laws or
1924 1928 and 1892. Tho political speecr-
making In the presidential elections q
these years greatly influenced the PUBIC
mind 10 support protectico tariffs rs the
leaders of the different parties--Adams,
CLAY. Crawford and sJnckson--were advo-
Gates OF the system, and made a point
81 posing as 5"fayoring domestic lndus.
tries" In tho high protective Jaw OF
1882 passed BY the National Repunllcahs.
tho average duty on all articles was as
high rs 20 per cent
Reaction, however soon came. . no .1.,a,
bfneA had come .to the agric GU uM,t
states from an exclusive nome marku.,
Far thew mad soon glutted this, and were
underselline their competitors IN ioreihl'
ma,.,sets The Middle and western eta'es.
thnroYore shortly withdrew thor s'4ppo,l
Of Nigh protective duties, since consul s,u
nrai,lo losses were sustained ~ f'i''PG'ss'.'N
,ny ana commercial sentcrprlses ny reason o.,
Of tho policy OF a restriated trace nv
tartfr movement lost some ground hiso
IN the North and East, In the SCUM
tar,ff oppos!tion continued strong ana ~.
ter. lana urgent demands here for gret .
recognition finally ~ gained dec!aou , e
cesslons in tho Compromise act o. 100
. y Increment between Clay the Leader 81
me protectionist party. and calhouh,. IN, tuS
iander ~ tho Democratic party-'Wltt
which net begins a period Of STEADY re-.
Gn ,.u OF tariffs, ending with almost
80 reo traden. in 1857, The twenty-tour
year period Of reduction vas i t VINES
only by the high tariff act OF ne wm nas
pnssed in 1912, purely poltlca., ' ,atar
me which was repealed four years ih.ei,
rhc new plea offered for ITS ous1.nch. ~
yns the weak 'wages argnnleh' VIZ W..
nat If was necessarylf for America u manu-
"a ct,,rers to receive he governHe nt w..
s,st nncr heca,lse they paid laborers, pe. We.
wages than their competitors u'n - No, arr.
eiyn countries The sentiment 10y ~ 49,.
tection was waning; and the plan 81 Sc
m bllshinw This rest rctiye policy as PSI,
mancnt system, to continue N time =. :
nsace and IN tho normal condi,1ohs %
trade and Industry. had evidently psei'
abandoned altogether
Immediately after this PERIOD. ho|ea !.
came the Civil War; ana the Eeklse,sesS :,
ar tho government In this trying eme.H
gency made possible the high eaTl'l Jaw