davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1904-06-23

whatever angle in which the ship IT.
self might be. Nothing else showed
above the deck but her funnel and ar
mored pilot house. The manner in
which she fought the Merrimac. com
Polling the latter to withdraw and
eventually go out OF service, created
positive CONSERVATION on the other side
OF the water, and there was an imme-
date demand for the conversion Of
English vessels into turret ships. Work
was at once begun. and the result Is
seen to-day in the great fighting ships
possessed by all the navles of fhe
world. Progress was exceedingly rap
ID, though our own part in advancing
naval construction did not begin until
a number of years after the close Of
the war. When at last we did enter
upon period Of naval activity, there
were few navies which were not gu
perior to ours. We had not seen the
need Of an extended naval program.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1904-06-23

faction and alarm of all governments
Nevertheless, to the United States
Great Britain and France the world
owes most of the ideas Of naval coll
struction which have to-day apparent
Iy come near perfection The United
States began the change by applying
the screw as a means Of propulsion
in place of the old side paddle wheel
The American ship Princeton, 1872
1S43. was the first war vessel in the
world to have the screw Though our
own naval authorities saw at once the
superiority Of this type over the old.
Europeans took up the idea with the
greatest reluctance, probably because
of the then belief that nothing good
could come out Of the United States.
Nevertheless, it became evident after
a time that the improvement must be
adopted If pace were to be kept, and In
1853 the French built the screw battle
ship Napoleon. The English had OPP
portunity to see that this was the COIL
ing method OF propulsion and as the
French themselves were so pleased
with the new ship that they immedi-
ately began the construction Of others
Great Britain realized that mistake
had been made in not following the
lead Of the United States. and at once
began the construction Of several yes
sells of the same type. By 1859, when
the first ironclad war vessel ever built
was launched, the renovation of the
navies Of Europe was well under way,
and the screw was in almost exclusive
use.
To Admiral Dahlgren OF the United
States navy must be given the credit
Of making the shell what 1t is. He
carried the application OF this new
missile to great perfection in the
United States frigates Of 1854 The
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1904-06-23

Merrimac, one of these-the same Mer-
rimac which finally was compelled to
acknowledge the superiority of the
armored Monitor-was taken to Eu-
rope In 1854. startling naval admins
trations with the eurmous shell power
OF her battery. In the few years in
tervening between this time and the
| Civil War. navies were In practical
ly experimental stage. Some means, It
was acknowledged. must be devised
| for protection against the new and
terrible shells. which could tear a ship
TO pieces with ease, but what 1t was
going to be was problematical. Armor
had been suggested as early as 1872.
when John Stevens OF Hoboken, n. j.,
preached the idea Nothing came of
it. however. perhaps because the ex-
treme necessity OF it was not appar-
ent. and il was not until 1913 that any
thing definite was accomplished In
that year the Secretary of War was
contract with Robert L. Sevens. son
Of the man who originally proposed
armor. for the construction of war
steamer for harbor defense. shot and
shell proof. TO be built principally of
iron" The length Of this vessel was
IRON" The length of this vessel was to
have been AIS feet. and its protection
was to have been a belt or armor of
iron So inches in thickness. Work was
not begun until IL years after the con-
tract was authorized. and when the
ship was about half completed Con-
gress refused further appropriations
Owing to this fact the honor of plac-
ing the first armored war ship on the |
seas belongs to France. the French |
ironclad frigate Gloire taking the ways |
in 1889. though previously to this the /
French had placed in service several /
floating iron batteries which demon
strated their power in the battle of
Kinburn. a Russian port on the Black
Sea. In 1854 These batteries were pc
culiar things, about half ship and half
fort, They had engines and they could
steam four or five knots, but they were
upon fat keels and therefore totally
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1904-06-23

unseaworthy except in the smoothest
ceedingly effective. and in his reports
OF the first battle in which they were
engaged. the admiral OF the French
fleet said they had demonstrated them
selves to be everything that was hoped
for them. Anchored some 800 yards
from the Russian forts, they pounded
away until the works were reduced.
and not one of them was injured.
though each was struck go or 20 times
by the solid shot hurled from the Rus
sian guns.
This engagement showed that recon-
struction of existing fleets was a ne
cessity, and the French led the way.
The Gloire was a wooden ship $50
feet in length, plated entirely with
iron As inches In thickness to six feet
below the water line. She had a ram
bow and could steam about ID knots.
Trials alongside the fastest wooden
ships Of the French navy demonstrated
the Gloire to be superior to them all
in every way. The English then began
to hurry work on ironclads. and in
1851 launched the Warrior. She was
larger than the Glofre. but she was ar
mored only for two-thirds of her
length, bow and stern being unpro-
tected- These vessels were of course
Of the broadside type, the turret COM
ing only in our own Monitor, which
revolutionized naval construction, or
perhaps 1t would better be said, start
ed 1t in the right direction.
On March 8. 1862, there was fought
In Hampton Roads the first battle be-
tween armored ships, when the Mont
tor and the Merrimac engaged In their
famous clash. 1t Is not necessary to
tell how the Merrimac, a eO-gun frlg- |
ate under repair at the Norfolk dock !
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1904-06-23

yards. was set afire 10 prevent her,fsll-
ing into the hands Of the Confedslates
when the place was evacuafed: how
she but partly burned. and how she
was repaired by the Confederatea who
cut her down to the waterline an APP
piled Z sloping protection OF railDoad
Iron to her battery; how she destroyed
some OF the best ships In the Federal
navy and became the terror Of the
Atlantic coast and the hope OF the Con.
federates; nor how the Monitor finally
appeared and stopped her In the heieht
of her career. These things are all Ia
miliar to every person who Is ar all
versed In American history. the battle
ranking perhaps as the most famous
naval fight In the world - not. OF
course. in damage inflicted. but In ulo-
mate results. For had the Merrimac
been successful. the whole north coast
OF the United States. with the ports of
Philadelphia. New York. Boston. and
all other cities OF the shore. would
have been at her mercy. 1t may not
be familiarity known that at the very
beginning OF the war, a special naval
board was appointed todetermine upon
types OF ironclads to be built for i'm
mediate service. the result being the
of three broadside yes
sells, the Galena. the New IronsNies
and the Monitor. The Galena was
The first to be tested. her arnar
proving totally deficient in the very
1rst test The Ironsides did better
She was covered with 41s-inch solo
plates backed with 81 inches of oak.
During period of six months she was
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1904-06-23

One OF the rules that even young
writers and readers should bear In
mind i this. Verify your quotations .
And. II possible. 20 to the original
source rather than TO rely on other au.
thority. The reason for the rule IL
easy To s~e. Usually quotation BE-
comes popular because II IL worth
while. and TO mlsquote 10 often TO lose
the value OF the words Thus p~opI.
often say. "A litfie knowledxe Ia dan.
gcrous thing" But that il not true.
All knowledge Is worth having even
n little. They mean -half.knowieig-. .
or Incorrect knowiedz~. which il not
really knowledge at ALI What Pope
wrote was: "a little learning Is dan
scrous thing" and what he meant was
that little learning makes one Pre-
sumptuous. while thorough learning
gives humllify-an idea likcwi.. srt
forth In the saying that wisdom bcxins
With the feeling that ono Il ixnoSnt
SO. verify your quotations fgr far
you may put Into currency counter
felt note.
At the same time II IL 10 be rctnern-
hcred that some few quotations have
been improved by changes introduced
by those who have mls1uoied. These
Improvements are rars. however. and II
f. safest to retain the old forms whore
there Is any doubt
Another usual Interpretation besides
that mentioned Is
The quality OF mercy ia not strained:
II failcth as the gentle dow from
heaven
which you may correct for yourself.
and then mny inquire whether II IL
likely that the popular change IL an
when the nature OF dew
8 understood. Nicholas.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1904-06-23

GO HE war between England and
Russia in the early SOS was the

Go HE war between England and
Russia in the early SOS was the
beginning of the development OF
the irohclad-or. as we now call 1T, the
rmorclad-though not to either of the
combatants in that passage at arms
can the credit be given for the intro
duction Of the first vessel to carry
armor. Up to the bombardment Of Sc
bastopol, writes John G. Davis. in
practically those of the previous two
centuries were in use Naval devel
opment was practically unknown. and
1T was not until the shell was invented
that the necessity OF a change was
made manifest The English ships at
Sebastopol were OF the old two and
three-decker broadside variety. the
flagship of the squadron. the Royal
Albert, being vessel OF 300 toes
burden carrying 121 guns In those
days the ship with the largest number
Of guns was 1.-The best fellow prslc-
tically regardless of any other consid-
Grafton A few OF the Royal Albert's
kulis were smell kunS. Out uedT.1 I'LL Oh
them were the long 32-pounders. exact
3y like those with which the Victor.
the flagship of the famous Nelson. was
armed seventy years earlier. In near
ly three-quarters of a century. there
fore. there had been little or no real
progress in the matter of cannon. And |
beyond the Introduction Of steam as |
motive power. there was very little |
development in the ships. As said be- /
fore, they were the same old two and /
three deckers so familiar in the pre-
ceding century.
The Russians were the first to use
shell in warfare. and it was immedi-
ately owing to the battle of Sinope.
Nov. 80. 1883. In which a Turkish feet
was annihilated by a Russian fleet
having shell guns that there came sud-
denly demand for protection for
ships. The change was radical. but
It was necessary. the effectiveness OF
the shell against unarmored vessels
having been demonstrated to the salts
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1904-06-23
may be useful.
The iron plates Of twoy6r thresI -

''-'y - e7~Aei'
The iron plates OF twy6r thred~UdeI
thickness have long been displaced
with hardened 17-inch steel armor.
and marvellous turrets. holding won
derful guns have developed from the
primitive '-cheeses box" from which
Lieutenant Worden directed the fight
of the Monitor against the Merrimac.
And the barbettes on the center line
OF the modern battleship are but a
modern adaptation OF another princi-
pie Of the turret. The step between
the Monitor and the great battleship
OF to-day Is long one. but the con-
nection between the two Is apparent.
for upon the former were first demon
strated the principles which have made
the battleshlp the wonderful thing IL
Is
The Advancement Of guns has kept
pace with the development OF armor-
in fact. has preceded II. Improve
ments in armament necessItated great
er protection and the steel ships OF
to-day are the result
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1904-06-23
Lcn-riandcd Moro-.

To Judge Moros by innexible occi-
dental standards OF motives aud morals
is to lose at once the key to the situa-
ton The very structure Of their Ian
guage differcntiates them from our
selves. Verbs are In the passive voice.
The man who was slashed and Killed
provoked the trouble. The under dog
In the fight IL always the ngxrcssor.
The thief Is not blamed for finding"
things lying about ut loose ends. the
man who lost the property IL Tie real
criminal-besides. be Ia a fool n he
were n sensible man he would have
exercised vigilance against the sp-
proach Of the thief. Moros reverse ev-
cythIng. Like all orientals. they ven
crnte the past and their folklore, myths
md legends abound in tales not unlike
those Of the Arabian Nights entertain
ment.
They turn to the eft Of the road. ex-
tend the left hand naturally In greet
ing, and the scribes write from right to
left turning the paper sIdewise. ~ any
Ieft-handed man would do.
A witty officer explained that the
preference for the left was due to the
desire TO keep the right hand free in
the event a stranger should need some
thing done to him. The "explana ton"
may not be far from the truth.--Jour-
nal Of Military Service Institution
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1904-06-23
PRIMEvAL LAKE AND FOREST.
They Are In Macon County, Missouri
Indian Romaner.

Indian Romance.
THE chain OF the lakes Is a go
acre trnct OF land and water In south
west Macon County. that to day Is as
perfect representative Of the primer.
dial world as anything the most sill.
yery-bearded old pioneer could tell you
about OF his day. As fnr as n living
man can say no woodlands nx ever
cleaned In the dense forest so.tudes
bordering the lakes. and the funeral.
eyed -hooting" owl IL the only thing
that seems to show any particular en-
thuslasm because there l. such place.
A short distance 10 the east. on
sort OF tabieland. can he found many
stone arrow heads, used by the Foxes
and Sacs In the enriy part OF tho ninc.
tcenth century In the last Indian night
In this section OF Missouri. II was
more In the nature Of a murder than
battle. because the Sacs largely out.
numbered the Foxes. whom they had
waylaid for the purpose OF robbery. n
the weil-authenticated story goes. The
Foxes were peaccable tribe and were
iNAfH01 VI Ailf kVNtlNiu"nl4 III tT-f-
for some important service they were
paid about $4,000 in gold. The Foxes
were In the northern part Of the State.
Three intrepid braves were selected TO
go TO St Louis after tho coin. The
Sacs learned Of II. or course the mes
sengers were not looking for n fight.
hut when all their cunning was out
witted and they found themselves sur
rounded by their rival cInnsmen near
the 'chain OF lakes" they placed the |
gold in an old tree and died fighting
for II.
Years after. when the Indians left |
the State. an old Sac warrior told a
Fox who had befriended him that the |
Sacs had buried the greater part of |
the gold near the Charlton fishtrnp. az
4 ford close to the chain OF lakes WINS
called. He gave them n sort OF dia-
gram, but refused to 20 back to the
state and assist In the search. Several
Fox tribesmen visited the scene of the
and spent several days dig
ding around trees and prying up rocks,
nut It is the belief Of the people In the
Iicinity that no gold was found. The
foxes refused to discuss the object OF
heir visit, or the result Of II. Small
'oys have emulated Tom Snwyer's
xertions, but have not been rewarded
y his luck.
The lakes cover over 200 acres.
round them are tall walnut. hickory,
ak and cottonwood trees. Close to the
yater's edge are cypress and weeping
FLOWS. An alleged road circles around
nd across the peninsulas. harbors and
thmuses formed by the zigzag chnrac-
sr Of the lakes, and IL you try to fol.
~ It without a compass you will :
,ake about as much progress on your I
,urney a. you would on n merry-go- :
,und. Bob Jackson. the negro cook at r
10 Charlton clubhouse, blames his
Inlry head to his frequent association
ith this road through the chain Of .
kes. ,
The lakes are shallow. and springfng \
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1904-06-23

struck 1913 times and was never once
forced to go TO port for repairs. The
Monitor. built and designed by Cap
tain Ericsson. was derisively called by
the Confederates "a cheesebox on a
raft" She had very low freeboard
there being but about two feet of her
sides out of water. Her deck and
sides were plated, and her armament
consisted Of but two 15O-pounder Dahl
green's But she had one point of SUI
periority TO anything that had ever
been placed upon the seas In the tur-
ret which protected her guns and
which could be made TO revolve. thus
permitting the guns to be fired at
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1904-06-23

| and. besides, We were too much en-
! CARED In reconstruction OF the nation
70 be able to 20 to any great expense.
So II was that all the nations of Eu-
rope took our ideas and developed
them. 1t was In 1888 that we began
modern construction, In building the
cruisers Chicago. Boston and Atlanta
and the dispatch boat Dolphin. In
1895 the United States took fifth rank
among naval nations. We are now
third (some claim we are stronger than
France. which has held second place
for good many years. and England is
arst. England may always hold the
lead. for the naval program OF Great
Britain Is so extensive that TO keep
pace with it would be useless ex-
pense.
Late history OF naval development Is
IA miliar 10 every person who reads.
The Spanish-American war gave an
impetus to naval construction which
has resulted In the addition OF a large
number OF the finest fighting machines
in th8 world to our navy. including
all thS approved types OF vessels from
the Munster battleshlp OF the States
group, like the Kentucky. the Indiana.
the Iowa. the Oregon. the Alabama,
thu Maine and the Massachusetts: tn
q users with the New York. Broe
lyn. and others; second class bat
ships and cruisers. gunboats, torpI
boats and destroyers; dispatch boz
fast converted cruisers and transpor
GOLFERS. repair ships and ammuniti
carriers. with all the new things VIII
have been proved of value or viii
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1904-06-23
Would Float a Big Fleet.

According 10 report OF the geo
logical survey OF the United States
government. now nearly ready for
publication. petroleum was first dis
covered by Colonel Drake less than
half a century ago In Pennsylvania
near Titusville. Men In those days
had no notion that petroleum was
among the necessities Of existence.
A tallow dip or wax candle lllumln-
ated sufficiently the nights activities.
and n bInzing log wood fire left no
room for desire for another kind OF
heater. Petroleum might have been
counted superhuity. but instead Il
sprang into immediate favor. and now
rs list Of popular byproducts grows
longer every year.
The total production Of crude petrol
cum from 1859 to the end OF 1902 has
been no less than 1.165. $50, 727 barrels.
That means that II two and one half
feet were allowed for the height OF n
barrel, and IL these barrels filed with
all the domestic oil that has been pro-
duced were laid so that their heads
they would encircle the earth
two and one-quarter times.
OF this total Pennsylvania and New
York produced $50 per cent; Ohio, 24.y
per cent; West Virginia, lib per cent:
indiana. 3.9 per cent; California, 80
per cent; Texas. 81 per cent, leaving
0 per cent to be supplied by the States
II Kansas. Colorado. Louisiana, ILL
rolls. Missouri. Indian Territory,
Wyoming. Michigan and Oklahoma.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1904-06-23

o. better that her shattered hulk
Should sink beneath the wave:
Her thunders shook the mighty deep.
And there should be her grave.
Nall 10 the mast her holy hax.
Set every thrrsdbare sail.
And give her to the god OF storms
The lightning and the gle,
%. W. Holmes.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1904-06-23

When a woman agrees to become .
stepmothsr to q mans children, does
she enter the marriage relation with
New Years resolutonsa
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1904-06-23

Not the Same Girl Now.
"She used to be such a sweet gfril'
Yes, but she fermented about Eve
years ago.'-Town Topics.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1904-06-23

Blessed is the baldheaded man; he
never gets his hair cut on a Saturday
night
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1904-06-23
OLD
FAvORITES
A Doubtiug Heart.


A Doubling Heart.
Where are the swallows hedf
Frozen and dead.
Perchanee upon some bleak and stormy
shore.
o. doubling heart!
Far over purple seas.
They wait. in sunny ease.
The baliny southern breeze.
To bring them to their northern homes
once more.
Why must the flowers diet
Prisoned they lie
In the cold tomb. needless of tears or
rain.
o. doubling heartl
They only sleep below
The soft white ermine snow.
While wipter winds shall blow.
land smile upon you soon
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1904-06-23


.~s
az NJ
whose :.
hrasd
on
How sss
AS Am
the succ(
cur inter
the "hoiS
tue open
ing up OF
Industrial
world. NO
suggests
car TO Anne
us many 10
done very IN
tiiis war NEE
means Manc
emma
Inc russian
eehtiy toiu Jou
sans uiu not Sc
snouiu DC piayins
eoinnhefeia'
Americans "ou
Rerr IN harchur
Gay Dur that II
ports sere opened
nux or thousane
~ would De ineN
y does II happen y
In Fort Arthur. Danny
hd other Russian centers
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1904-10-27
RUSSIANS LOST $4,000.
Routed by Japanese in First
Battle with Conditions Equal.


The seven days battle north of Yentai
was the heaviest blow yet struck the
Russians by the japanese, so far as loss
OF life is concerned. The left Japanese
army during the week buried 4, 100 Rus
sian dead left in front of its lines. A
village in front Of the left wing contains
many Russian dead, but the shell fire
of the retreating Russians prevents the
Japanese from reaching them. Conserva-
tive estimates place the Russian casual
ties at not less than $4,000. Probably
many more dead are ON the field in
places not yet searched. The Japanese
report their total casualties at a little
over 5000 killed and wounded The
principal Russian casualties occurred in
determined counter attacks on each vii
lage captured by the japanese. The
Russian attacking parties were in, many
cases entirely annihilated.
For the first time the Russians met
the japanese on an equal footing, not
having strong defense positions to de-
pend upon. and for the first time they
attacked the Japanese in their own
trenches. The Russians everywhere
fought bravely. but they were unable to
drive the Japanese out or to hold their
own positions against fierce charges.
Almost in every case the Russians re-
tired from their positions at the first
charge, then made repeated attempts to
recapture them. The japanese left
army with a front Of nearly ten miles,
moved forward about FIVE miles. fighting
over every inch Of ground. The final
retreat of the Russians was almost a
rout The Japanese extreme left advanc-
ed, driving the remnant Of Russians
ahead The Russians covered their re-
treat we'll with artillery and carried
away much baggage and many wounded
The japanese soldiers were practically
the same that fought before Liaoyang.
Chinese report that heavy works are
ready for the Russians along the Hun
river. The japanese are undecided where
the next stand will be made. Details of
the operation of the right and center
armies are not obtainable.