davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26

president of the Church of Latter Day
Saints)
erect with a high forehead and deep
set, penetrating eyes of unusual bril-
liancy. A long gray beard, reaching to
the second button on his frock coat,
gives him a decidedly patriarchal APP
pearanee.
President Smith was born amid scenes
of strife and bloodshed near the Nor
mon settlement of Far West, in Caldwell
county, Mo His father was Hyrum
Smith, brother of the Prophet Joseph,
founder of the Mormon religion. AS a
small child he passed through the perse-
cutions of the saints" in Missouri and
Illinois, and he was with his mother in
Nauvoo when his father and uncle were
shot to death in Carthage jail. AS a
lad of eight years he drove an OK team
across the state of Iowa when his moth
driven from Nauvoo. At Is he was
sent on mission to the Sandwich is
lands, and was obliged to find the means
for reaching his destination, which he
did by working as single maker in CAL
ifornia. In the historical works of the
church Joseph F. Smith is credited with
having worked many miracles while on
the island of Maui, including the casting
out~of evil spirits, healing OF the sick
by the laying on of hands. That was
in 1854. The young missionary was
absent from Salt Lake City three years,
finally working his way back. On the
day of his return he enlisted in the Nor
mon army dispatched by Brigham
Young to intercept the United States
troops under Gen. Harvey, who were
about to invade Utah. He performed
active service as a scout, harassing the
federal expedition until the presidents
proclamation ended the Mormon war"
The president of the Mormon church
has been active in politics, having served
term in the legislature He is an ar
dent republican. Several times he has
been on European missions for the
church. He is religious zealot, thor
oughly imbued with the spirit of Nor
monism and convinced of its Divine
origin. He is devoted to his five FAM
lilies, and has always been firm adj
herent to the doctrine of "'patriarchal
marriage"
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26
ABOUT YOUR WELLS.
Nine Cases out Of Ten Typhoid
Due to Impure Water.
Contamination May Be From Barnyard
or Kitchen.

1t becomes more and more evident
prevalent In the country Is directly at
tributable to the quality Of the water.
BY careful studying the matter 1t is
found that In nine cases out of ten
typhoid fevers originate in families
whose water supply is from a well,
into which impure water comes. This
may be from the farm-yard, and quite
generally such is the case. For some
years the water in a well near the
house may be pure and wholesome,
but by-and-by the soil between it and
the barn-yard will become so impreg-
mated with pollution that an I'M
healthy quality will be impaired to it,
and disease will result from its use.
This is almost sure to be the case
when the distance between the two is
not great, because, as a general thing,
the bottom of the well is lower than
the yard, and the drainage from the
latter will extend in all directions
through the most porous strata of
soil and when 1t reaches the well 1t
will naturally flow into it as reser-
voir No matter how pure the water
may have been when the well was
first dug, sooner or later it will be
contaminated by water flowing
through the soil from barnyards and
cess-pools located anywhere near it.
We have in mind case in which four
children died from diphtheria. An
examination by the physician proved
that the Stops from the kitchen had
so filled the soil for a distance of
twenty feet between the back door.
out of which they were thrown, and
the use of it, diphtheria had certainly
resulted When making well, have
1t II possible, above the barn-yard,
and let the drainage be from it
rather than into it. Arrange a
place for Stops with cement bottom
and sides, from which glazed pipes,
cemented together, allow the I'M
healthy matter to flow off and away
from the well.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26
CHIEF OF MORMONS.
PRESIDENT JOSEPH f. SMITH rs
A MAN OF MANY PARTS.
Maintained His Belief in Polygamy
Before Reed Smoot Inyestigat-
ing Committee-Has Had
Dramatic Career.

President Smith has been called "the
American pope He is the spiritual and
temporal head Of people numbering
half a million, who are scattered
throughout the earth, but who accept
implicitly the instruction and revela-
ton that emanate from the Office of the
first presidency in Salt Lake City To
the Mormon people everywhere he is
prophet. seer and revelator;" to them
his word is law and his teachings in
spired by God.
Son of a Mormon martyr, nephew to
the founder of the faith and by Divine
appointment successor to the prophet,
Joesph, such is President Smith to the
people of his own religion. Among the
Gentiles of Utah he is known as a man
of wealth, the directing genius of many
large business enterprises, big factor
in the commercial life of the inter-
mountain country, a man of many good
parts, moral man, if he be not judged
by the standard which allots but one
wife to one man.
President Smith was duly subpoenaed
by the senate committee to give testi-
mony in the case of Reed Smoot, one of
the IL apostles of the Mormon church,
whose qualifications to represent Utah
in the United States senate are in ques-
ton. The fact that President Smith
possesses five wives and As children is
of interest to the senate committee in
connection with the charge that the
Mormon chiefs encourage and practice
polygamy, while, as the head of the
church, he is expected to enlighten the
investigators concerning the Mormon
attitude in matters political
Joseph F. Smith is now in his sixty
seventh year. He is tall, slender and
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26
HIGH PRICE OF WESTERN LAND.
What Has Caused the Increase In
Value and It's Results.

value dUQ tth ftSSdfbSs
We hear much Of late to the effect
that farm lands are too high; that
the higher prices of farm products
have caused the advance in these lands
to an unwarranted value; that we have
passed through a boom and prices
must 20 down; that farm lands at
from $50 to 500 an acre are too high
to own because they cannot and will
not pay at that price. We can see no
possible reason why irrigated farm
lands should not continue to advance.
There is but one basis on whichsto
figure the real intrinsic or actual
value of land and that is what it will
earn and what rate of interest money
will command in safe investments. II
money is worth five per cent and the
land turns a net annual profit of ten
dollars an acre over and above all ex-
penses, taxes, etc, then the land is
worth fully 800 an acre.
We do not mean that land that will
turn ten or fifteen dollars an acre net
profit one year and nothing during
the next one to five years is worth
any such figure. 1t Is difficult to
place value on such lands. The pio-
neer days are past and gone and the
questions that baffied the best minds
that of raising crops from the i'll eff
fects of prolonged drouth-is being
solved and when the masses shall be
convinced by repeated results and
thorough understanding of the science
OF soil culture in the arid region then
many of the cheap unirrigated lands
will become valuable and their earn
ing power, together with location as
to markets. healthfulness of climate
and fertility of soil will fix their
value for farm homes.
Land is the basis of all agricultural
pursuits-therefore we must have land
to farm. Only twenty-five years ago
We had millions of the most fertile
lands in the whole country unoccupied
and Uncle Sam had his clerks scat
tered along the border settlements
ready to parcel out these lands to any
and all OF proper age who would
come to them. Some of these very
lands are to-day conceded the most
fertile and best farm lands we have.
Science will redeem the great semi
arid West and dot its beautiful
prairies ali over with ideal and pros
porous farm homes
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26
Skim Milk That Paid.

A year ago at the experiment farm
we We're feeding steers, four of which
were fed grain hay and two of them
had a small ration of rolled barley.
We were selling our milk to neigh
Dor for less than the cost of hauling
the milk to the factory because no
money was available for the purchase
of animals to which to feed it. SO ar
fragments were made with a neigh
Dor for a couple of pigs to feed on
shares The pigs weighed 81 pounds
each when they came to the farm.
They followed the steers and were fed
skim milk. In 113 days they ate g.
900 pounds skim milk. gained 24S
pounds in weight and increased $16.12
in value with pork at 6.5c. pound.
They thus paid for their skim milk at
the rate of 26.7c. per hundred. This
is how your station got its start in
the pig business. Skim milk did it
G. II. True, Arizona Experiment Sta.
ton
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26
a MATTER FOR THOUGHT.
Good Resas Are Much the Cheaper In
Iona Run.

Long Run.
How to get good roads may well be
discussed by farmers clubs, and
should be thought about by every
farmer. How important this matter
is. is shown by the following state
ment made by Mr. Rudolph Herring,
President Of the Enquirers' Club, Of
Philadelphia: A load which one horse
can draw on level iron rails VIII re-
quire, on smooth, level asphalt road,
one and two-third horses; on bad Bel
gian pavement, three and one-eighth
horses; on good cobble-stone road,
seven horses; on bad cobble-stone
road, thirteen horses; on ordinary
earth road, twenty horses; on sand
road, forty horses.
Good roads not only save horse
flesh, but vehicles Take what are or
dinarily called good roads and bad
roads" and a vehicle used on the
first only will last twice as long, at
least, as one use on the latter only.
No one can doubt that country roads
would be fifty per cent. better than
they are now, il the labor and money
put upon them were properly applied.
How to have that work and money
properly applied is the matter to be
discussed now, that the best methods
may be ready for adoption when the
season for road-making comes.
Whether or not the road-bed should
be only surface-drained, or under
drained with tile, or by putting in a
corduroy foundation; whether or not
gravel or plank should be used; how
best to use gravel, or plank, or tile
these are points to be decided upon.
The farmers club should also dis
cuss specifically the repair of each
highway in the neighborhood. This
will lead, among other things, to an
understanding whether or not it will
be proper to shorten a highway by
Strengthening it; whether a road that
now goes around a hill should be car
ried over it by grading down the hill,
or whether making road longer by
carrying it around a hill will be COM
pensated for by the less grade; how
to keep weeds from growing in the
highways to seed the adjacent land,
and many other points which, thus
being settled, would greatly add to
the Improvement of the roads.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26
Short skirts for Teachers.

School-teachers in Des Moines, Ia,
must wear short skirts, according to the
action of the school board, which de-
nounced the trains worn by some Of the
instructors. To display well-shaped
ankle beneath walking skirt is not
looked upon as Inappropriate by the
members. hence the stand. 1t all came
about when some of the teachers petit
toned to have the floors reoiled, as they
said the dust from the unoiled floors
caught in their long skirts and ruined
them. The prompt ultimatum to the in
structors was: "Cut them off," After
careful consideration the board men,
bers decided it was not healthy for the
children to have the dust stirred up by
this style of wearing apparel and they
refused to oil the floors at all. The in
novation Of the short skirt has already
become noticeable.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26

ways there are of obtaining similar
or the same results, than for their
practical utility. What is called bot
tie grating" is one of these varia-
tons from the more general method.
Another and rather more compli-
Gated way of bottle grating is shown
in illustration A +, the stock; b, the
cion; ID, ligature; ii II, branches and
leaves of the head of the cion; It bot
tie filed with water, and G., stake to
which the bottle is tied. This latter
form may answer for amateurs who
wish to graft an orange, lemon, or
similar pIantS.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26
kOHL-RABi.
II Stands a Dry Hot Summer Better
Than The Ruta-Baga.

II Stands a Dry Hot Summer Better
Than The Ruta-Baga.
Kohl-rabi, sometimes called the
Turnip-rooted Cabbage, is a vegetable
seldom seen in our private gardens,
though 1t is quite common in the mar
ket, where it is mainly purchased by
the Germans. 1t is in common cult
walton throughout Northern Europe,
not only in gardens but as a field
crop, it being an excellent food for
cattle-as valuable as Ruta-bagas,
and more easily raised Kohl-rabi is
a variety of the Cabbage, in which
the stem swells out to form a sort OF
above-ground bulb, which, when
young, is heshy and tender, and re-
garded by many as superior to any
variety of Turnip. The bulb of the
older varieties is either globular, or
strongly flattened above and below,
being shaped like the early Tur.
nips. There Is cluster of leaves
above and n root below. The bulb
grows entirely upon the surface of the
ground, and has been called the
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26
Coupling Horses in the Southwest

In the South and West it is fire.
quently desirable to turn horses out
in the range for a short time, and to
prevent them from straying Off, and
to be more easily caught, | use
yoke, which the accompanying draw
ing will illustrate. This is safe, and
with it a horse cannot choke himself.
| also use it in breaking young oxen.
To make it, cut piece OF tough wood
two feet six inches long, two inches
In diameter; shave off the bark and
bore a three-quarter or a one inch
hole near each end; tie piece of
half-inch rope around each animals
neck, making a loose collar that will
not slip over his head; take loop OF
the rope and pass it through hole in
the bar, and into the loop insert the
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26

THE BO1 EMlAN kOHL-RABI.
"Above-ground Turnip." The exter-
ior of the bulb is green, or in some
of the varieties purple If used be-
fore it gets too large, Kohl-rabi is a
delicious vegetable, superior to any
of the varieties of the Turnip. If al
lowed to get too old, it rapidly be-
comes filed with tough, string-like
fibres, which render it quite uneata-
BILE.
This form of the Cabbage is
thought to have originated in Ger
many; at any rate it was first intro
duced into England from that coun-
try, no longer ago than 1887, where
1t soon took an important place as
farm crop in some parts Of that coun-
try. In several of the counties Of
England Kohl-rahi is regarded as SUI
perior to Ruta-bagas, or any other
kind of Turnip, and the points in
which it is sup rior are those which
commend it to the attention of the far
mer of this country. The great diff
Guilty in the cultivation of the Ruta-
baga is its susceptibility TO drouth,
which even in so moist a climate as
that of England often greatly dimin-
ishes the yield. Another drawback
is the many insects which attack and
injure it, An eminent English agri-
culturist writer says of Kohl-rabi
at is the bulb of dry summers The
greatest obstacle to the cultivation Of
root-crops in this country is the hot
and dry summers, and farmers and
dairymen should try Kohl-rabi, which
looks like a root, but is not one, as a
substitute
The catalogues give several varie-
ties of Kohl.rabi differing in color
and form OF the bulb. We now pre-
sent another new kind, the "Bohemi-
an" Our correspondent, Mr.. ]. Ped
erson, in Denmark, sends us an en-
craving and a description of this new
variety. from which we select the
principal points The engraving
makes an extended description I'M
necessary. Its peculiar shape is quite
unlike that of the older sorts. and in
weight the bulbs are more than twice
that Of any Others. This has pro-
duced both green and purple sub-yari-
cites. Mr. Peterson highly commends
the use of Kohlrabi for mich cows,
stating that when fed in moderation
it does not affect the taste of the but
ter. lie also commends this variety
as table vegetable. for which use ii
should o; course be taken while very
young, before it becomes filed with
tbres.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26
Agriculture in ENGLAND.

Agriculture, as applied to British
Guinana. means chiefly the cultiva-
ton Of the sugar cane, rice, plantains,
and ground provisions. The estimated
area of those products under cultiva-
ton is $4,000, 10000. and 5000 acres,
respectively The so-called plantian
and provision farms are mere truck
gardens of half an acre to five acres.
Very few farms embrace as much as
forty acres.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26
The Larnest Orchard.

The largest apple orchard in the
world is being planted in Laclede
County, Missouri, and when completed
will contain 5000 acres. 1t is the
most gigantic undertaking in the way
OF apple raising that has ever been
made, but this is an age of successful
gigantic enterprises. Ranch and
Range.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26
Benefit of Warm Water for Stock.

BY repeated experiments in giving
COWS warm instead of cold water for
drink during the cold season, it has
been proved that it increased their
milk about ten per cent, and kept
them in superior condition, by en-
aiding their food to digest more easily
and quickly When cows are driven
out to water in winter they seldom
drink as much as they really require;
the ice-cold water stops digestion and
sets the cows to shivering, until get
ting it well warmed in the stomach,
and this warming up requires extra
food to do it, and a loss in the condi-
ton follows. Cold water often
gives horses pain, and also hurts
their condition the same as with cat
tie. In cold weather warmed water
is best for them, as, indeed, 1t is for
all other. animals and poultry.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26

On the farm of John Carson, near
Russellville, Howard County, Mis-.
souri,, is an apple orchard which was
planted seventy years ago. The land
was pre-empted at that time, and the
original "sheepskin" deed was signed
by Andrew Jackson. The orchard
bore a good crop this year. Many of
its trees are three feet in diameter.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26

Okra is a plant which should be in
every garden. Olra soup is great
Southern dish, but in the North 1t is
not SO well or generally known. The
plant is a prolific yielder though it is
little hard to start in heavy ground
and should be sowed thick enough to
allow for thinning threefourths of
the plants. A row of fifty feet in
length will supply large family and
also dried pods enough for many fine
winter soups. 1t is about as good
this way as fresh.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26

An effective way to retard early
swelling of fruit buds which are thus
liable to get nipped by late spring
frost is to spray with whitewash.
White surfaces it is well known, will
not readily absorb the suns rays and
experiments have shown that treat
ment Of this sort on peach trees has
delayed blossoming nearly week.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26

Our illustration represents a gully
fence or gate which is in common use
in some parts OF the Pacific Slope. 1t
is particularly adapted to the gulches
of the foothills and the irrigating
bitches Of the plains The whole gate
swings freely by the upper pole, the
ends OF which rest in large holes in
posts on either bank, or in the cross
of stakes. The upright pieces may be
made of split picket or sawed lumber,
as may be the most convenient. If
the stream is likely to carry floating
brush. logs, etc, the Stats should be
of heavier material than is necessary
when this is not the case. When con-
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26
Bottle Grating Modified.

While the mode of veneer grating
is undoubtedly the best, and most
readily and rapidly performed. others
are sometimes employed; probably
more to show how many different
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26

structed properly the gate will give,
allowing rubbish and freshets to pass,
and then resume its proper position.
The principal advantage claimed for
this gate is that it is not apt to gather
the passing debris.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1904-03-26

key, made of piece Of half-inch oak
board, two by three inches, shaped as
in the drawing. The board being
rounded at the top. will allow the rope
to turn easily in the yoke and pre-
vent choking.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-02-26
SCHOOL FIGHT AT LEROY.
Bitter Contest Over a Whipping
Reaches the Courts.

lie Roy. Kan, Feb. 26.-John Miller
was arrested on complaint of Truant
OFFICER Garrett for keeping his son Ona
out of school, Mr.. Miller fought the
case on the ground that the teacher.
Miss May Martin. had cruelty beaten
MS son and threatened to repeat the
punishment, and that he was couse-
quently afraid to send the boy to her.
He alleges that last fall the teacher
struck the boy eighty-six times on the
legs with a piece of rubber hose for
laughing in school, and that as a result
Of the beating the boy was confined to
MS bed q day and painfully, although
not permanently, injured. Mr. Miller
asked the board to discharge the teach
er but did not take the necessary steps
to compel the board to do it and no
action was taken The prosecution held
that the father was violating the law
by keeping the boy out of school. and
the jury SO decided The justice fined
him IS and costs.
Ne Miller is reported to be deter
mined to have the teacher. Miss Martin
arrested, and it is also said that Prof
Jones, who stood by and watched her
punish the child, may also be arrested
The officers have been endeavoring to
keep the entire matter out of the
courts, but have failed.