davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Springfield herald., 1904-10-21
PAY OF RAILROAD MEN.
Wage Farmers Have Prohted Because
of pu6lican POLICY.


Tie last report of the Interstate Com
merce Commission shows that the total
compensation paid to railway employees
of nll classes in the United States in
creased from $37, ,s23,O21 in 1896 to
81, 1913, ,555 in 1902. This in itself would
indicate general railroad prosperity dur
ing six years Of Republican rule, but still
more significant is the fact that the
greatest increase was among the wage
earners. In fact, there was a decrease i'll
the salaries paid general officers. The
decrease in this item was from $163, ,O96,
in 1896 to S72O.6SO in 10O2-a decrease
of $42,416 in six years.
On the other hand. the total yearly
compensation of station agents increased
from 81 ,366, OPS in 1896 to 81. .462, ,S74 in
1902; the yearly compensation of en-
gineers increased from $3,O27 ,5S4 in 1896
to $3.451 .OSS in 1902; that of firemen
from 81 1913, ,O57 in 1896 to $1,94G,246 in
1902; that of conductors from 81 .07S, ,1G5
to $2,539. .466; that of other trainmen
from $3.7OO,O63 to $4.697. .272; that of
machinists from $1.12S.634 to 81, ,422. 500;
that of section foremen from $1.26O, ,634
to $1,377 ,3G4; and so on through the
whole list. The figures show that the
daily wage enrners in the railroad busi-
ness protited largely by Republican pros
perity.
The Springfield herald., 1904-10-21
ROOSEVELT FOR PEACE.
President Is Now Negotiating New
Arbitration Treaties.

Charles Cheney Hyde. lecturer on In
ternntional law at Northwestern Univer-
sity, Chicago, says:
During his reception to the members Of
the 1nter-Parliamentnry Union on Septem-
ber "a, President Roosevelt made a state
ment which vitality interests Intelligent
citizens throughout the country, irrespective
are even now taking steps to secure arbi-
trntion treaties with all other governments
which are willing to enter Into them with
u.s." Those who oppose him will admit that
way II he were not making the attempt
In good faith to conclude with friendly
nations treaties which provide for the set
tlement by peaceful methods Of differences
fall to adjust. Those who admire him are
rejoiced to hear him express In no uncer-
tain tone his desire to substitute arbitra-
tion for the sword as means of settle
ment Of disputes to which the United
Equally significant was the Presidents
promise to the Inter rPnrllnmentarians to
call another conference Of the powers at
The Hague. The whole world knows that
TINT promise will be kept and that repre-.
sentntives from the several nations will
meet again Mt The Hague, possibly In 1905.
In order to solve some problems which still
vex civilization and alarm commerce. The
results to be anticipated are far-reaching
to what constitutes contraband Of war may
be secured, also the rights Of neutral ship
perx may be established. In short. the
law of nations may be clearly determined
rights of states ixed where there is still
uncertainty. II such n work be accomplish
ed through the direct efforts Of Theodore
Roosevelt not only the United States, but
every other civilized nation rs well, will
have just cause to be profoundly CRATE
ful q him.
The Springfield herald., 1904-10-21
Rural Free Delivery Service Of IncaIcu abe Ben
eft to Farming Communities.
DEMOCRATS WORKED HARD AGAINST IT
FIaty Refused to Obey the Mandate of Con-
gress to Establish Routes, but Are
Now Claiming Honor-Rec-
ords Compared.
population should share In the Improvement
of this service.

population should share In the Improvement
of this service.
KoosevsIt's Recon- N end atioa.
In his last annual message President
Roosevelt again called attention to the
importance OF the rural free delivery
service, saying:
The rural ree.dellyery service has been
steadily extended. The attention of Con-
Kress Is asked to the question of the com
pensation Of the letter carriers and clerks
engaged In the postal service. especially on
the new rural free.deliysry routes. More
departments history. While a due regard
estsSiiaSmyypt y % OF new N rpu,en t' Yet the he en
tension OF the rural free-delivery system
must be continued for reasons of sound
public policy. No governmental movement
Of recent years has resulted In greater I'm
mediate benefit to the people of the cOun-
try districts. Rural ree-delivery. taken In
and the trolley. accomplished much toward
lessening the Isolation Of fSrm life and
making It brighter, and more attractive.
facilities as these has driven many Of the
more active and restless young men and
women from the farms to the cities: for
they rebelled at loneliness and lack of
mental companionship. 1t IL unhealthy and
undesirable for the cities to grow at the
expense of the country. and rural free de
livery Is not only n good thing in itself,
but Is good because 1t !. one OF the causes
which check this unwhoiesome tendency
toward the urban concentration of our
population at the expense of the country
districts.
The foregoing quotations are sufficient
to show that Republican executives real
ized the Importance of the rural delivery
system to the farming communities and
lid everything in their power to extend
it. During President Mckinley's first
tern, establishment of routes had been
given such an impetus that by 1900 the
service had passed far beyond the expert
mental stage and Congress had approp-
rated $45O,OOO for maintenance of the
routes then in operation. These routes
numbered 1.276 at the close of McKin-
lcy's first term, but many others had
been surveyed and were ready to be
established. The service became pop
ular that farmers flooded the postoffice
department with petitions for new routes.
Corps of inspectors were appointed, divi-
sious were created superintendents plac-
el in chnrge and the service was put on
a melhodical business basis.
Routes Now In Operation.
The system has been so rapidly ex-
tended under President Roosevelt that
Congress this year appropriated $21 ,OO0.-
COO for the service. which now en-
b-nces approximately 2I,5O0 routes.
either in operation or about to be estab-
lished. These routes are scattered over
ali the States and territories. as will
he seen by tl.s following table. which
gives the total number of petitions re-
ferred for examination and investigation.
the rontes in operation on September
10. 1901, and the number of petitions
pending on the same date:
The Springfield herald., 1904-10-21

ure which Hoar was anxious to have
brought up had been referred to the
library committee, and there seemed
doomed to sleep forever. Evarts
when pleaded with would promise to
call the committee to consider the
measure and then forget all about it.
At last one day toward the end of the
session Hoar, annoyed and irascible,
met Evarts in the cloak room.
Whenever you are ready to call a
meeting of the library committee" he
said, with biting sarcasm, Il wish you
would notify my executors"
Il shall be most happy to notify
The Springfield herald., 1904-10-21
PROBLEM OF OLD AGE.
Question for Political Economists to
Puzzle Over.

Question for Political Economists to
Puzzle over.
What the country shall do with its
ex-presidents is not nearly SO vital a
problem as what it shall do with its
old men.
According to the new gospel of bus
mess economics man Is "old" at
fifty, That Is to say. he can no long
er remain an integral part of the
industrial machine.
Young men are in demand every
where. Old men are in demand no.
where. The commercialism of the
age feeds upon young blood and re-
jects everything else.
Most of the railroads have placed
an age limit upon their pay roll ac-
count 1t is tacit rule that no man
over forty-fve years of age shall be
employed. even at clerical work.
One of the great steel companies of
the country. employing thousands of
men, recently adopted rule that in
certain departments requiring expert
knowledge and skill no man over thir-
ty-fve years of age should be given
employment. Other large industries
are following similar policy.
Practically the same thing is true
in the professions. Except as a
counselor the old lawyer is not in de-
mand The churches are calling for
young ministers, and the schools give
preference to young teachers. When
a man reaches the age of fifty he Is
supposed to have crossed the dead
line.
1t is strange commentary on our
modern civilization that while medi-
cal science is bending every energy
to prolong the span of human life
to people the world with old men
the tendency of our economic system
is to drive them out of business-to
make them a charge upon the world,
which is said to owe every man liv-
ing.
Here is a question for political
economists to digest. If possible, for
the benefit Of the coming generation:
What shall the world do with its old
men?-Chicago Journal.
The Springfield herald., 1904-10-21
He obeyed His Orders.

John was the new English butler in
the employ of Philadelphia, family.
When John first came he was told by
the mistress OF the house that she was
always at home to her sister, who
was a frequent visitor to the house.
The sister in question was pointed
out to John on her next visit, and
the mistress was satisfied in her mind
that John would obey orders.
Every time the sister called John
would admit the welcome guest with
reverent respect. 1t was her custom
to ask him before entering If his mis-
tress was in, and it always happened
that she was. so John would nod and
profoundly bow her in.
But one day it happened that his
mistress was out when the sister
called. When John went to the door
she, as usual. asked il her sister was
in, to which John nodded in the
affirmative and bowed her in. Johns
business at that moment took him out
in the yard, and he left her in the
parlor.
Divcsting herself Of her wraps, the
visitor began to look for her sister,
but seeing no signs of her downstairs
concluded that she was on one of the
upper floors, and went upstairs. OF
course, she failed to find her, and,
thinking that the butler might be
mistaken, went downstairs to inquire
of him again. She found him out in
the yard. and calling to him, asked if
he thought his mistress had gone out.
as she could not find her in the
house.
John, after meditating a moment,
replied:
Yes, mum, she his h'out"
"Out!" exclaimed the sister; "why.
l thought you said she was at home?"
"Yes. num-" came the solemn re- [
ply, "but she-tol' ne that she was al
ways at 'ome to you!"-Lippincott's
Magazine.
The Springfield herald., 1904-10-21
WANT A REAL LEADER.
Democrats Finally Rsalize that Par.
ker ls . Nonenity.

Democrats Finally Rsalize that Par.
ker ls . Nonenity.
Democratic newspapers continue TO de-
mnnd that Parker withdraw from his
shell and play the role of leader. Sage
of Silence sounds well, they say, but
the phrase won't win votes. Give us
man who is capable of arousng enthus-
insm or we are beaten" Democratic edi-
tors are crying. Eve don't want Hill,
Sheehan and Belmont kept in the fore
ground, while Parker is muzzled at
Esopus.' The editors should have
thought of this before Parker was nomi-
mated. They might have realized, had
they given the matter thought, that
Parker would be nonenity, with such
willy politicians us Hill and Sheehan In
charge of party affairs. Truly, the Demo-
cracy is not more of "happy family"
than it was four years ago when it had
Bryan as an aggressive leader. Com
menting on the demand TINT Parker as
sumo the leadership, the Des Moines
Register and Leader says:
mo man ever entered a national CAM
paign hampered by advisers so diametri-
cally opposed on every vital issue. He
might as well expect to make a pair Of
Siamese twins out of Cleveland and
Bryan as to assume that he can an
nounce an aggressive, affirmative and
positive program that will not at once
be set upon by an influential element
of his following.
Judge Parker was nominated to play
the role he is playing. 1t is unfair of
the men who foresee defeat to begin
at this early stage to saddle the blame
on him. He is Just the sort of leader
he was held out to be, just the sort of
man he always has been. He is con-
ducting exactly the campaign that his
twenty years on the bench gave pro-
mise of. If the campaign is failure,
let the men who planned it bear the
blame. Judge Parker has deceived no.
body, and is acting his part in the politi-
cal drama exactly as it appears in the
play book"
The Springfield herald., 1904-10-21
HAD HEARD OF HIM.
Name Brought ReeoIIections Of Good
Book to Grinnino Youth.

Name Brought ReeoIIeetions Of Good
Book to Grinnine Youth.
Because my name is Lord I fire.
quently have not few funny exper-
iences," said ]. G. Lord of Muncie,
Ind. One Of the most amusing Incl
dents l ever had by reason Of my
name happened while I was driving
from town to town in Colorado. While
on the road one day. driving very
slowly, for I had plenty of time,
chanced to notice by the roadside
young fellow about 16 years old,
dressed in as ragged a fashion as any
one you could ever conceive of. He
had on a pair of his fathers worn
out trousers, which were cut off at
the bottom, and which extended far
up on his body. almost to his shoul-
ders. More as a matter Of personal
amusement than for any other reason
asked him how far 1t was to the
next town.
"''Bout six miles. reckon he re-
piled.
81 reisned up my horse.
"'Do you have any fun out here?'
asked.
"'Yep; heap
"'What is your name?' l asked him.
him.
".Willie,' he replied: Willie
Hawks.
II started to drive on, but he called
after me, asking me to stop.
Say. mister he said, and what
mout your name be?'
Lord, answered.; Mr.. Lord
"And then he grinned. He grinned
all the way to the armholes of his
fathers pants.
Why'd you smile? asked. Have
YOU ever heard of me?'
Sure: I've heard pop read Of yer
in that good book; but 1 never saw
yer afore.'
And lie continued to grin as
drove on. n."--Louisville Herald.
The Springfield herald., 1904-10-21
PARKER AND THE TRUSTS.
No Likelihood TINT the Democratic
Candid ate wouid Auta0onize Them.

No J.tLsIIhood TINT the Democratic
Caud i'd ate Would AntaRonfze 1hem'
II Parker should be elected President
what would he do about the trusts
those Gigantic" institutions which the
Democratic platform says should ne
prohibited and punished by law, but the
prohibition and punishment OF whhch
would involve direct personal loss ~
some of the Democratic candidnte
trusty Wall street frends-includihs
gentlemen like August Belmont George
j.. Peabody, Daniel s. Lamont, Johh ~
Mclean, Thomas $. Martin, Col. james
NJ. Guffey, John ID. Crimmins, James
Smith, Jr., and Thomas L. Ryan!
The Democratic position on the trust
question is Krotesquely illustrative OF the
saying that politics make strange peo-
fellows.
August Belmont and the other great
Democratic promoters of trusts do not
seem TO feel bit nervous standing OIL
the Democratic platform with w. }.
Bryan and other great Democratic trust
busters. They have too much confidence
in the candidate whose campaign they
are manag gng to ever believe for mo-
ment that he would do anything to inJure
the trusts with which they are connect
ed, should he be elected President. 1hey
know Parker too well to think 1t possi-
BILE that he would turn out to be an in
CRATE. and attempt to ruin his personal
friends and benefactors.
They are quite willing that the Bryan
trust-busting faction of the Democracy
should have the Democratic platform
just the way they want 1t. SO long as
the Democratic candidates who stand on
this platform are theirs ito have and to
hold"
Despite the Democratic platform de-
mand for law to limit corporations to
the States where they originate. Alton Il.
Parker thinks the common law is all
the law necessary on the subject OF
trusts. The common law has been well
tested in Democratic times as well as
Republican-and it never proved itself
anything of a detriment to the trusts
hence it is easy to understand why Par
ker prefers it to statutory regulations
like the Sherman antitrust law. which
might force him into the embarrassing
position of some time having to decide
whether to violate his sworn oath rs
President to uphold the laws of the
United States, or to make things un-
pleasant for Wall street friends, who
would thereby he forced to consider him
a traitor and migrate to their interests.
The Springfield herald., 1904-10-21
HIND SIGHT.
One Of the Strong Pecuilarities of the
Democratic Party.

One OF the Strong Pecullarlties OF tho
Democratic Party.
The Democratic party has been aptly
compared to n man sitting in the last
seat in the last car of railway train,
and riding backward. He never saw
anything until he had got by it. This
striking peculiarity of the party is as
conspicuous to-day as it was in the six
ties, seventies, eighties and nineties.
The Democratic party lives to pro-
test, to warn, to oppose. 1t never ap-
preciated what the war for the preserva-
tion of the Union meant until 1t was all
over. Even now a large section of it
has not arrived at the civilized view Of
slavery. 1t takes about a half century
to get any great event into correct focus
for the Democratic eye. OF late, some
of the Democrats have begun to realize
the greatness of Abraham Lincoln, but
these Democrats are men who have re-
ceived their education In Republican
communities. 80 obtaining the benefits of
up to date schools, colleges and churches.
The full Significance Of the American
occupation and control of the Philip
pines has not yet dawned upon what
takes the place. in the Democratic make
up, of understanding. Neither has the
open door in China affected the same
set OF nerve TISSUES anu atoms, III the
least, because of some constitutional lack
of power in the combination to compre-
hend what is going on at the time when
the thing is happening.
For the same reason the immense inn
portance and Significance of the estab-
liahment of the new department of Com
merce and Labor with a Bureau of Cor
porations, has not dawned upon the Dem
Ocrat tic mental machinery.
Well, never mind! When the living,
thinking, working world has whirled by,
the Democratic brethren will see, in
hnxy manner, from their perch at the
end of the train. And they will, as u.s.
ual, protest, warn, oppose and then
dream on!
The Democracy always wears long
distance glasses and looks backward over
the track. If by chance it takes off its
"far-aways" and looks ahead, it turns
into Republicanism. This happens. some
times. Witness the many recent conver-
oiouo
The Springfield herald., 1904-10-21
LABOR CONTROVERSIES.
Republican Legislation Providing for
Arbitration,

The only national legislation providing
for the arbitration of labor controversies
and recognizing organized labor was en-
acted by the Republicans. On June I,
1898, President Mckinley signed bill
passed by Republican Congress entitled
An Act concerning carriers engaged in
interstate commerce and their employees"
1t should be understood. of course, that
Congress could not legislate for employees
in general, but it has authority to regu-
late interstate commerce. The act re-
ferred to provides that whenever con-
troversy arises between an interstate
railroad and its employees the Interstate
Commerce Commission shall first offer
mediation, and. that failing. shall en-
deavor to bring about arbitration of the
dispute. The act provides that if arbi-
tration is agreed to, Zone member of the
board of arbitration shall be selected by
the employer. one by the labor organiza-
ton to which the employe belongs. and
n third by these two" Another section
of the law makes it misdemeanor for
any interstate railroad to dismiss an
employe or threaten him with loss of
employment for belonging to union.
This law is still in force. and it is the
only piece of national legislation that
recognizes organized labor. Democrats
have talked. but Republicans have acted.
The Springfield herald., 1904-10-21

In 1860 when the Republican party
first came into power this was almost
exclusively an agricultural country and
the policy of the Democratic party was
to keep it so. That party said the
United States is destined to be the gram
ary of the world, but n manufacturing
country. never. The Republican policy
was to make it great manufacturing as
well as agricultural county, and It has
done SO. In the year 1900 the United
States produced oue-third of all the man
ufactured products of the world and
shipped them broadcast to foreign mar
kets. This never could have been done
under the Democratic policy of free
trade
The Springfield herald., 1904-10-21

"'You seem 20 know something
about music said the organist In
condescending way. III let you dis
miss the congregation if you'd like
"'Why, yes said de Koven, I
would like that very much
Accordingly, at the end of the
recessional. he exchanged places with
the organist and began to play Men
delssohn's Spring Song. He played
beautifully. The Dayton people, en-
thralled by the wonderful music, re-
fused to depart. They sat in rapt en-
joyment, and after the Spring Song
The Springfield herald., 1904-10-21
Last Australian Convict.

The last of the old-time convicts
transported from Great Britain to Aus
tralia has Just died. His name was
Frederick Clarke. He was born in
Yorkshire in 1929 and was sent to
Tasmania under a ten years sentence
In 1S47 Between then and his death
he received sentences amounting in
the aggregate to eighty-five years and
seven months for bushranging, bank
robbing and other offenses.
The Springfield herald., 1904-10-21
Beret,t. Of the service,

Much has been said as to the benefit
of rural free delivery to the farmer and
much more could be written. Speaking
on this subject, Representative Arthur
l.. Bates. of Pennsylvania, said in the
House Oh March 10. 1904:
1t is my belief the S21.OOO.O 900 approprint-
ed In this behalf brings more direct benefit
to the inhabitants of this Republic whom
It affects than almost any other nppropria-
tion made by the general government.
Forty years ngo everyone went or sent
to the postoffice for his mail. and the farm
er In the busy season. when his horses and
teams We're working, in the fields; could
and family possibly once II week-on Sat-
uriay afternoon. Now 1t is not only de-
livered several times dnily Mt the homes
OF more than thousand cities hut for the
last six months Of the fiscal yenr tJnnuary
to June 20, 1903 there were delivered
by the carriers of this service some 310,-
100000 pieces of mall on rural routes
throughout the United States to farmers
and Inhabitants of sparsely settled regions.
Increased facilities always bring increas-
cd use and enjnyment-more letters are
written and received; more newspaper and
not true in every part Of the country. yet
the official report shows that quite n num-
Der of rural routes already pay for them
selves by the additional revenues they &C.
casion.
The testimony adduced from all over the
country proves that by reason Of rural free
delivery the actual value of our farm lands
hus been Increased Many farmers state
that they would not dispense with the serv
has been estimated that the value of farm
lands has risen by this means MS high as
So per acre In several States. moderate
benefit to the farm lands of the whole
country would be from 81 to SO per acre.
The producers, being brought Into daily
touch with the state Of the markets, and
In better communication with those who
buy their products. nre able to obtain bet
ter prices for NIL that the farm produces.
More definite knowledge of trade conditions
is always of great advantage.
Good roads have been built and induced
as an incentive for rural free delivery estab-
lishment and to better encourage their
int
The Springfield herald., 1904-10-21
EvARrs SCORED ON HoAR.
Had Pat Answer Ready for Wrathfu
Statesman.

He and Evarts were implacable en-
emies when 1t came to passage of
words. and the honors were about
even. One day, however. toward the
end of the New York senator's career,
Evarts came off with flying colors.
He was chairman Of the library COM
mittee and Hoar was minor men,
ber. Evarts was lazy. and would not
call his committee together from be-
ginning to end of session. A meas
The Springfield herald., 1904-10-21

for the egotism of his personality. This
is the fifth presidential campaign in
which Mr.. Schurz has assailed Republi-
can candidates from the unscalable
heights OF his own colossal egotism. 9th
er men now and then have II suspicion
that all the rest of mankind differing
from them may be right. Carl Schurz is
never troubled by any such weak mis-
trust in his own omniscience.