The San Francisco call., 1904-09-26


best interests of both manufacturer and con-
sumer-" With equal truth it can be said that
the Dement'S of reciprocal trade treaties would
enure 10 both. That the consumer would be
helped is unquestionable That the manufac-
turer would receive great benefit by extending
his markets abroad hardly needs demonstra-
ton. His productive capacity has outgrown
the home market. The very term ''home mar
ket' has changed in its signifcance once
from the manufacturers point of view, it
meant expansion; to-day the marvellous growth
OF our manufacturing industries has far ex-
ceeded the consumptive capacity Of our domes-
tic markets. and the term ''home market i'm
pies contraction rather than expansion. If we
% MouIo run our mills to their full capacity, thus
sIFins STEADY employment to our workmen
and securing to them and to the manufacturer
the the pronts accruing from increased produc-
uon, other markets must be found Further
more, when our manufacturers are dependent
on raw materials in whole or in part imported
it is vital to the extension of their markets
ABROAD that they secure their materials on the
most favorable terms
Our martyred President. William Mckinley,
appreciated this situation. He pointed out in
his last address to the people that we must
make sensible trade arrangements IL I'VE shall
eAIgnd me outlets for our increasing surplus"
ne sala a system which provides a mutual
exchanee or commodities is manifestly essen
elaI TO the continued healthful growth of our
The period of exclusiveness is past The ex-
pansion Of our trade and commerce is the
pressing problem. Commercial wars are un-
relations will prevent reprisals Reciprocity
treaties are in harmony with the spirit of the
This argument was made in the interest of
our manufacturers. whose products, he urged,
have SO multiplied that the problem of more
markets requires our urgent and immediate
attention He had come to realize that the
SO called stand pat" policy must give way
that there must be a reduction of duties to
enable our manufacturers to cultivate foreign
markets. The last words of this President
who had won the affection of his countrymen-
ought to be studied by every who has any
doubt Of the necessity of q reduction In tariff
rates in the interest of the manufacturer.
They present with clearness a situation and
proposed remedy that prompted the provision
in our platform which declares that I'VE ia
vor liberal trade relations with Canada and
peoples of other countries where they can be
entered into with benefit to American agricul-
ture. mining or commerce..
The persistent refusal of the Republican ma
Jority in the Federal Senate to ratify the rect-
procity treaties negotiated in pursuance with
the advocated policy of Mr.. Blaine and Mr..
fourth section Of the Dngley act is a discour-
aging exhibition OF bad faith. As already
mentioned by me. the exorbitant duty i'm
posed on many an imported article by this
section of the Dngley act was avowedly in
tended by Its author not to be permanent, but
which the Federal Government was en-
powered TO offer a reduction in return for an
equivalent concession on the part of foreign
country. President Mckinley undertook hon
estly to carry out the purpose of the act. A
number of reciprocity agreements nego-
tated within the prescribed limitation of two
years. which, If ratified would have the two
fold result Of cheapening many imported prod
ucts FOR American consumption and opening
foreign markets. Not one of these agreements
has met with the approval of the Republican
masters of the Senate. Indeed. they did not
even permit their consideration In view of
the attitude of the present executive,
agreement under the general treaty power need
be expected from him. Nor does the Republi-
can platform contain a favorable reference to
one Of the suspended treaties. This section
OF the Dingley act stands forth monument
Of legislative cozenage and political bad faith.
TRUST REMEDIES.
I pointed out in my earlier response the
remedy which, in my judgment, can effectually
be applied against monopolies. and the assur-
ance was then given that If existing laws, in
Guiding both statute and common law, proved
adequate, contrary to my expectations 1 favor
such further legislation within constitutional
limitations as will best promote and safeguard
the interests of all people.
Whether there is any common law which
can be applied and enforced by the Federal
courts cannot be determined by the President
or by candidate for the Presidency.
The determination of the question left
by the people in framing the legislation to the
judiciary and not TO the executive. The Su-
preme Court Of the United States has recently
considered this question, and in the case of
the Western Union Telegraph Company VS..
the Call Publishing Company, to be found in
the one hundred and eighty first volume of the
United States Supreme Court reports, page 92,
it decided that common law principles could
be applied by the United States courts in cases
involving interstate commerce in the absence
of United States statutes specifically covering
the case. Such is the law Of the land.
III SDule QuETleTS IL mas Deen assumed tnaI
in the discussion of the Philippine question in
my response the phrase self government was
intended to mean something less than inde-
pendence 1t was not intended that it should
be understood TO mean, nor do think, as used
it does mean less than independence.
However, to eliminate all possibility for
conjecture, l now state that l am in hearty
accord with that plank of platform that
favors doing for the Fflipinos what we have
already done for the Cubans; and L favor
makin-. the promise to them that
shall take such action soon they
rlaE ,rata a Qrad fTs f1Aa
ence. such as the Cubans enjoy, cannot be
prudenty granted to the Filipinos at this
time the promise that it shall come the mo-
ment they are capable of receiving it will
tend to stimulate rather than hinder their
DEVELOPMENT. And this should be done not
only in justice to the F1lipinos but to pre-
serve own rights; for free people can
not withhold freedom from another people
and themselves remain free. The liberation
Of tyranny over others will soon breed con-
tempt for freedom and seli-government and
usurpation of our constitutional rights
AMERICAN CITIZENSHIP.
The pledge of the platform to secure our
citizens without distinction OF race creed,
whether native born naturalized, at home
and the enjoyment of all the rights and priv
ile=es open to them under the covenants of
our treaties. as their just due. should be made
good to them In the accomplishment Of that
result ii is essential that a passport issued
by the Government of the United States to an
American citizen shall be accepted the world
over proof of citizenship.
The statute relating to the civil service is
the outcome of the efforts of thoughtful, un-
selfish and public-spirited citizens. Operation
under it has frequently been Of such a char
acter to offend against the spirit of the
statute. but the results achieved. under a
partial enforcement of the law, have been
such as to both deserve and command the
utterance Of the Democratic party that II
stands committed to the principle of civil serv-
ice reform and demands its just and impartial
enforcement.
A vast expanse of country in the West
portions of which to be found in each
of the sixteen States and Territories men
toned in the law, is directly affected by the
national statute-the outcome of intelligent
and persistent efforts of leading citizens pro-
viding for the reclamation of the arid lands
for the benefit of homeseekers. During the
years Of the development of the measure which
finally received the vote of every member of
the upper house of Congress- 1t encounters op-
position based to a large extent upon the
views that the aim of its promoters was to
secure the benefits of irrigation to private
owners at Government expense. The aim of
the statute is however, to enable this vast
territory to reclaim its arid lands without
calling upon the taxpayers of the country at
large to pay for It. Whether the purposes
of the bill will be fully accomplished must
depend in large measure upon the ability so-
briefly OF Judgment, independence and bn-
esty of the officers of the Interior Department
having this great work in charge. In 1902
49, lie md