The daily morning journal and courier., 1904-05-21

T was examining with a telescope" he said, "a waterfall which the Fish river made as it fell over the precipi- tous rocks encircling the lower slopes of Elgon. when discovered the en- trance to a cave close to the fall. My guides casually informed me that it was one of the habitations of the cave dwellers, but they supposed 1t to be de- serted. However, next morning paid it a visit and thoroughly explored three of the caves, two of which, to my as ! tonishment, proved to be still inhabi- ted. This kindled my interest, and a day or two later made further inves- tigations, visiting another group of caves, all Of which were occupied. Here the father of the Cave Settlement, although at first suspicious of my in- tentions, afterward became friendly and introduced me to the members of his family He likewise conducted me all over the save. On my inquiring as to the origin of the caves they said they were natural, and ridiculed the idea that any man could do such work; but as I could distinctly trace tool marks over the whole surface there is no doubt in my mind that these caves have been heWn out either by some prehistoric race or possibly by the re- mote ancestors of the present. inhabi- tants.'
 Ill the midst of the country of the Karamoja Major Powell Cotton found eht Teyeth, tribe living apart from the other occupants of the country
 who protected themselves from the other tribe, which outnumbered them
 thousand to one, by taking advan- tage of the superstitious fears of the stronger race. In reply to questions they said that if the Karamoja inter- fered with them they cast spell. which caused the latter's cattle to per ish. The huts of the Tepeth villages, unlike the huts seen previously, were 1.-two storied, the entrance to the upper story being by sort of dormer win dow in the matched roof which was reached by a rude ladder formed of a tree trunk.
 The Karahaja warriors had an inter-
 esting method of attack in battle. They would advance by a 5occession of short runs of about twenty paces for
 ward, interrupted by halts in q kneel- ing position. When they knelt they
 would protect themselves by means of a narrow and long shield. These shields were of skin and wickerwork, the latter being used by the youths in practice for warding off sticks thrown
 by their companions It was surpris- ling how much of the body was protec- ted by these light and narrow shields.
 From the Karamoja country Major lPowell-Cotton set out to find the upper
 waters of the Tarash river No guides were available and he found that the lmaps were inaccurate. Rivers which
 were eshown as flowing to the north
 west flowed southeast, and mountain chains cropped up where one expected Ito find plain. He encountered a tribe known as the Turkana. which was considered to be warlike. He con-
 vinced them that he was friendly, and,
 getting out a gramophone, he quickly
 attracted an admiring crowd of listen- Eers about his tent. It proved to be a lease of music hath charms to sooth the savage breast" Of the concert and the Turkana themselves Major tPowell-C Cotton said: Band pieces did not appeal to them, but banjo duets or anything with the human voice, whist ling or the imitation of animals cries, levoled either roars of laughter or ap- proving grunts The Turkana are fine, tall men. The heads of families wear their hair in matlike form, as among lthe Suk and Karamoja, while others had great topknot of clay and haid decorated with either a big pompon of lostrich feathers or single feathers stuck all over it. Nearly all the men
 wore little dressed leather aprons be- hind, some edged with beads some not. Many wore knives, almost encircling Ithe right wrist, measuring one and 9 half to three inches in width and guarded with leather. The iron hooked ring for tearing the enemys flesh at
 close quarters was also common. Most had a necklet of iron wire, or in some leases a lnasher' collar formed of seve- ral rings one above the other. This lheld lump of elephant fat, which, as l it melted, trickled down the chest, a mark oe onulenee ond fashion. The men of the tribe wore no clothes, but their women-who were not prepos- SeSsing-wore hide skirts, those of the girls often rather prettily embroidered with beads. A few men had fine gi- raffe tails as tassels fastened just labove the left elbow. Their spears were mostly like the Karamoias', a few were larger and had blades less leaf-like. The shields were also like Ithose of the Karamaja, but generally larger. A few had snuff-boxes of small tusks hollowed out and hung round I the neck, but the majority carried oryx horns covered with the skin, of a cows tail, the long hair being left on the open end closed gy a leather cap"
 Leaving the Tarash valley, Major lPowell- Cotton went in a northwesterly
 direction and came to range of hills, along the foot of which were many Ibrackish pools. The whole countryside was studded with the remains of ele- plants, greatly to his surprise. In all his journeyings through the elephant Icountry he never before had found two skeletons together. T thought" he
 said, that some fell disease had at- tackled vast herd, but on questioning