The daily morning journal and courier., 1904-06-23
MALAYS AT PEACE.
PENINSULA FLoURISHES UNDER THE RULE OF GREAT BRITAIN.

and it is All Dug by Chinamen-
 Thirty Years Ago the Country Was
 Rowling Wilderness.
 If you will get your map of Asia, and have little lesson in geography, will tell you of country which you seldom hear of, and know very little about. South Of Burma, between the Bay of Bengal and the Gulf of Siam, is long, narrow strip of land known as the Malay Peninsula. It is composed of the federated Malay States of Perak, Se- langor, Negri, Sembilan, Penang and Johore. It is theoretically independent, but under the protection of Great Britain. They are governed by native hereditary rulers, with English men at each of their capitals to give advice and see that the officials behave themselves.
 Although very little has been said or written about them, ethe Malay states furnish a striking example of the wis Com and success of the British colonial policy of administration, and of the value of the Chinese as citizens, when they are allowed to exercise their pecu- l liar qualities and enjoy the fruits of their labor. The population of these States by the census in 1901 is 67S,OOO of whom only 2S5,000 are native Melays, 300,00O are Chinese, 5S0OO natives of h. l dia, 1000 Japanese and the remainder Europeans and representatives of other races.
 During the year. 1902 the exports lreached the enormous sum of ,s71, ,00O, 600 of which $62,OOO,0OO represented the value of tin bullion shipped to Europe and America every ounce of which was ] produced by Chinese. The other ex- 3lports were sago, tapioca, coffee and other semi-tropical and tropical pro- I ducts, three-fourthss of which were grown, handled and shipped by Chinese.
 The revenue of the confederation in 1902 was $20, 100000, of which $16, ,500, 900 was paid by Chinese as export taxes, land, if the truth were known, they would probably be credited with 95 per cent of the rest of the revenues, which Jeanne from railway receipts, sales of concessions and public lands. rentals, excise, customs and other sources.
 During the last year $6,367.721 of the revenues was expended in the extension of the railway system and $3,387S50 in othed public works. The Government has constructed nearly 5000 miles of highway and more than 400 miles of railroad at cost of $25, 100000, every cent of which has been paid from the I current revenues, for the confederation I has no debt. The State of Penang owes 1 $3, ,002, which represents foolish ex- travagance indulged in before the British intervention, and the debt might be lawfully repudiated but for the scruples of the Government, which pre- ferred to issue bonds for doubtful debt rather than injure it's credit. In 1899 loan of $2, 500,000 was authorized for railways and other public works, but even with temptation always at hand, thme officials of the Government have never issued a bond, and the authorization has been allowed to lapse. l During the last five years the freight and passenger traffic have yielded net revenue of $7,000,OOO, which, believe, is unprecedented in the history of Govern ment railways. This is due not only to the prosperity of the country under Chinese labor but to economical management and Administration under British advice
 Since 1915, when the British took con- trol, the revenues have been increased from less than $400O00 to $2O5O0, 900. The foreign trade has advanced from $1, ,500,- = 900 to $117 000, 900 a year, and the devel- lopment of the material interests of the country has gone on which correspond ing rapidity and profit, and all, you must understand has been done by Chi nese capital and labor, which the ad- ministration at Washington and the Congress of the United States would shut out of the Philippine Islands.
 Thirty years ago the Malay Peninsula was bowling wilderness. The people were in a state of barbarisn, fighting among themselves and robbing and murdering all foreigners who came \ within their reach.
 Their acts of piracy on the coast and the anarchy that prevailed in the inter- for were the cause and the justification lof British intervention. No manu- 4 factures, no commerce. They had no lroads, no schools, no courts, knew nothing of the natural resources of their own territory; they had no industries except just enough farming to feed themselves.
 The Malays belong to the same race as the sFilipinos, and exhibit the same racial characteristics. They are fond of music, poetry oratory and pictures; they have keen perceptions and a cer- tain degree of cunning, which like the instincts of an animal, is used in place of the reasoning powers which they lack. They will not do any more manu- al labor than is absolutely necessary to save them from starvation. They are especially fond of military exercises and their army, which consists of 2,146 men, has 40 European officers and 692 native officers, an average of one officer to every three men.
 Whatever has been done toward the development of the country has been done by foreigners. Whatever tendency the native Malay may have had to labor has been suppressed by eduction. No native of the tropics who ever learns to read is willing to work That is the rule. He will not do manual labor. He will seek a position under the Govern ment or in some office and prefers one that has a military uniform attached to it. If he cannot obtain one he vii teach school, or find mercantile employment or get his living without manual labor the best way he can. The schools pro-