The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-01-05
PRESIDENT ROOSEvEIt SENDS IN MESSIAH

(ccnsiusd from Page Ehxss.)
 be educated, nor do anything at all advance our industries. Weu when the new generals came we seazd
 sssm snas ss h ns snd 'ne nsptest wal made. except the shots fired from the Col lombiRn giinboat Bogota, which killed ont Chinese lying in his bed. We were will, ing to encounter the Colombian troops a' CT of the United States crriser Nashville forbade Superintendent Ehaler to allow the railroad to transport troops for eith' CT party. That ts our story.
 ciuding portion of this interview which states the willingness Of the Pauame people to fight the GoiomDian troops and the refusal of Commapder Huooard t therefore to get into exposition where the fight could take place. It thus ciearsy ap- pears that the fact that there was nc bicodsted on the Isthmps was directly firm enforcement by the United States ot it's traditional policy. During the past forty years revolutions and attempts al revolution have succeeded one anotner with menotorous regularity on the Isth- mus. and again and again United States sailors and marines have been landed as they were landed in this instance and under similar instructions to protect the | in three years of warfare; and the aggre- gate of bloodshed and misery caused by them has been incalculable. The fact that in this last reyolution not life was lost, save that of the man Kilied by the shells of the Colombian .gtinboat. and no property destroyed, was due to the ae= ton which I have described. We, in ef. feet, policed the Isthmus in the interest of It's inhabitants and of our own ria- tional needs, and for the good of the en- tire civilized world. Failure to act as the administration acted would have meant great waste of life, great suffering. great avoided by the firmness and prudence wi h which Commander Hubbard carried out his orders and prevented either. party from attacking the other Our action was vas
 Panama. It Is earnestly to be, hoped that there will be no tfnwise conduct on our part which may encourage Coiombta to embark on war which can Ii?t result ii her regaining control of the isthmiis, but which. may cause much bioodshsd and suffering.
 hesitate to refer to the injurious in- situations which have been made of com- pitcity by this government in the revo- flutionary movement in Panama They
 are as destitute of foundation as of pro- priety. The only excuse for my mention ing them Is the fear lest minimizing per- sons might mistake for acQui scence the silence of mere self-respect. think prop
 CT to say. therefore. that no one connect ed with this government had any part in preparing, melting or ssn.Ssourasing the the anna. and that save from the reports of our military and naval officers, given above, no one connected with this govern
 mnet had any previous knowledge of the revolution except such as was accessible to any person of ordinary intelligence
 who read the newspapers and kept up a current acquaintance with pubic affairs.
 By the unanimous action of its people, hA Nf uta Ata a
 unity hardly before recorded in any sim liar case-the people of Panama declared
 themselve san independent republic. Their
 recognition by this government was based
 upon state of facts in na way depend
 ent for its Justification upon our action In ordinary cases. have not denied, nor
 do l wish to deny, either the validity or
 the propriety of the general rule that q
 independent till 1t has shown It's ability to maintain it's independence. This rule Is derived from the principle of noninter- ysntion. and as 8 coroliary of that prin- ciple has generally been observed by the United States. But, like the principle
 from which 1t Is deduced the rule Is sub-
 lect to exceptions; and there are in my opinion clear and imperative reasons why
 required in the present instance. These reasons embrace, first, our treaty rights second, our national interests and safety; and. third, the interests of collective civ iliSation.
 I have already adverted to the treaty of 1S46, by the thirty.fifth article of which the United stetes secured the right to a
 free and open transit across the 1sthmus guarantee to New Granada her rights ot sovereignty and property over that tor. ritory: This article is sometimes dis. cussed as If the latter guarantee consti-
 tuted It's sole object and bound the Uni ted States to protect the sovereignty of New Granada against domestic revolu- tlon Nothing, however, could be more erroneous than this supp osition. That out wise and patriotic ancestors, with all their dread of entangling alliances would rave entered into treaty with New Granada solely or even primarily for the purpose
 or enabling that remnant of the original the States of New Granada. venezuela and Ecuador. to continue from Bogota tc
 rule over the Isthmus of Panama. Is s
 conception that would in itself be incred appear. It Is true that since the treaty
 was made the United States has agair and again been obliged forcibly to inter.
 vene for the preservation of order and the maintenance of an open transit. and thai thls intervention has usually operated tC the advantage of the titular Government
 Of Colombia. but 1t is equally true that
 tne United States in intervening. with oI without Colombia's consent, for the pro te;tion of the transit, has disclaimed any duty to defend the Colombian govern,
 ment against domestic insurrection oi aoSinst the erection of an independent The attacks against which the United states engaged to protect New Grana. dian sovereignty were those of foreign
 powers: but this engagement was only q means to the accomplishment of a wei more important end. The great design ol the purposes of free and unobstructed in.
 ter9ceanic transit. the eonsummation oi
 which would be found In an interoceaniC canal; To the accomplishment of this ob 1ect the government of the United States
 had for years directed it's diplomacy. Ii
 occupied a place in the instructions tt
 during the administration of John OulncI
 Adams. It formed tn Ssubject of res .,
 lution of the Senate in 1S35. and of tht
 i1 iouse or Representatives In 1879. In 1Si,
 It's importance had become still more ap
 War. If the 1 treatS S' of 1Pe 1sis Me~iGni Sii
 not in terms bind New Granads
 10 grant reasonable concessions for tn,
 construction Of means of interocean., communication. it was only because 1t va, not imagined that such concessions would ever be withheld. As it was expressly agreed that the United States, in consId eration Of its onerous guarantee of NAu Granadlan sovereignty, should possess the riBht of free and open transit on any modes of communication that might l,, | constructed, the obvious intent of tnt treaty rendered 1t unnecessary, if not su. perfiuous, in terms to stipulate that Der l mission for inc construction of sucl
 modes of communication should not bt denied.
 Long before the conclusion of the Hay, | Herran treaty the course of events hat shown that canal to connect the Al lantic and Pacific oceans must be bull by the United States or not at all Fx perlence had demonstrated that private
 enterprise Was utterly inadequate for th,
 purpose; and q fixed policy, declared b,
 the United States on many memorabl oc