The county record. [volume] (Kingstree, S.C.) 1885-1975, 1904-08-04
Kerosene En- ulsion.

heTOSeHe eu Is Oile VI tuS hioS
useful remedies against insects, espe-
cially those that suck the sap from the
plants or blood from animals which
they attack. and which, therefore, can
not be combated by the use of stom-
ach poisons like Paris green. On the
other hand, different plants vary in
their ability to withstand the oil, SO
that care must be used to make the
emulsion strong enough TO be fatal to
the insects without hurting the plants.
The chief insect pests for which it is
used are the various species of plant
lice or aphids and the scale insects.
While the San Jose scale can be very
successfully combated by spraying in
the winter with the lime-sulphur-salt
wash, yet this material can only be
used when the trees are dormant and
kerosene emulsion must still be de-
pended upon for summer treatment.
To be applied to best advantage the
emulsion must be applied with a spray
pump, for if put on with sprinkler
it wastes the material and endangers
the plant, and the application is also
not as thorough as when a regular
sprayer is used, Spray pumps throw
the emulsion in such a fine, foggy mist
that it penetrateS into hooks, corners
and crevices which would not be
reached with sprinkler. The appli-
cation must also be so thorough as to
reach the individual insects, for they
are only killed when it comes into ac-
tual contact with their bodies.
The directions for preparing the
emulsion are rs follows:
Shave one-half pound Of laundry
soap into thin pieces in one gallon OF
water and bring to boiling heat on
stove to dissolve the soap. Then re-
move the soap water from the fire and
pour in two gallons of kerosene and
churn the whole together violently un-
til thoroughly mixed. This is best
done by pumping it through the pump
and back into itself again. This gives
three gallons of emulsion, which is six
ty-six per cent. oil, but as this is too
strong for most uses, it may be diluted
by this table:
To get ten per cent. oil add seven
teen gallons water.
To get fifteen per cent. oil add ten
and a half gallons water.
To get twenty per cent. oil add seven
gallons water.
To get twenty-five per cent. oil add
five gallons water.
To get thirty per cent. Oil add four
gallons water.
To get forty per cent. oil add two gal
Ions water.
To get fifty per cent. oil add one gal
Ion water.
The emulsion is not poison and does
not kill the insects by being eaten, like
Paris green. 1t is only fatal to those
insects that are wetted by the appli-
cation. so that great thorouShness is
needed in making the application. so
that every individual will be touched
On the other hand, only enough must
be applied to thoroughly wet the in
sects, and the emulsion must not run
down the plant and in at the roots.
That is why regular spray pump IS
so necessary. in order to make the ap-
plication so thoroughly as to reacn all
the insects without an excess, which
would hurt the plants.
Some of the more common trouble
some insects for which the kerosene
emulsion may be used are:
Cotton Louse-Spray with fifteen per
cent. emulsion as soon as they appear
and before they get scattered through
out the field.
Rose Louse-Spray with fifteen per
cent. emulsion when they appear.
Cabbage Louse.-Same, before leaves
get curled.
Green Apple Louse-same as cab
bage louise.
Woody Aphis of Apple-Use fifteen
per cent, or twenty-five per cent in
winter.
Black Aphis of Peach and Plum
Spray with fifteen per cent. before
leaves get curled.
Pea Louise. or Aphis-Use emulsion
at ten or fifteen per cent, or tobacco
dust. We have not yet fully settled
this question.
San Jose Scale-Spray with fifteen
per cent. emulsion if treatment is to
be given while trees are in leaf. But
Go not treat them in bloom, or until
after the fruit is well set after bloom
ing. The best remedy for this pest is
to use lime-sulphur-salt wash in Win
ter.
Oyster Shell Scale-Spray with twen-
ty per cent. emulsion when the young
begin to crawl about May l, in most
years..
Scurfy Scale-Same as oyster shell
scale.-Franklin Sherman, Jr., Ento-
mologist, North Carolina Department
Of Agriculture, Raleigh.