davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24
CONDENSED DISPATCHES,

The tug Union. with the wrecking
derrick Century. is at work on the
wreck Of the schooner Hattie V. Kel-
sey, before reported sunk off Sandy
Hook.
The Massachusetts railroad commits
soHers have authorized the Boston &
Worcester Street Railway to issue
Si60,cUo AZ. per cent. 20-year bonds. The
issue is for the purpose of double
tracking the road.
A strike of $50 men and 100 girls
members of the Chicago Cloth Hat and
Cap Makers Union. mas followed the
failure of that organization to secure a
renewal cf its agreement with Chioa-
go firm. which announced its adoption
of the open shop" Twelve shops in
Chicago are affected.
Goldman Sachs & Co. OF New York.
Wednesday, announced that they will
ship between $4,000 and I,OOO, 900 in
gold coin to Berlin. Thursday, this be-
ing in addition to their shipment Of
$500. coo heretofore announced. a ship
ment of 81 1.500.000 in gold coin to Cuba
WIS announced by the National Bank
Of Commerce.
Engineers are now at work drawing
plans and estimating the cost Of q tun-
mel that will cut the Cripple Greek dis
trct about 1900 feet below the present
tunnel level at a point $500 feet above
the sea level. This will permit the
mines on Bull Hill to be operated at
depth Of about 400 feet. which is al
most 1900 feet deeper than the bot
tom of the Lilly shaft. the deepest
in that section.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24
22.43 KNOTS
Made by Cruiser Penn
sy'vania on Trial Trip
And New Record for Economy
With Fuel is Established.
Shows Herself to BE the Best Of Her
Class Now Af1oat.

Boston. Nov. 23.-The armored cruiser
Pennsylvania, in her official trial trim
on the New England coast, today.
made the highest speed with the small
est relative expenditure OF fuel Of any
armored vessel so far built for the
United States navy. Her contract called
for - knots and her average for the
iour hours trial was 2oi3 knots Der
hour. while her coal consumption was
- pounds per horsepower per hour.
Her builders. Messrs. William Cramp
s. Son of Philadelphia, made no at
tempt. throughout the trial, TO push
this. their greatest vessel. but on the
other hand bend their energies to ex-
ce"d the government requirement at the
most economical expenditure OF fuel
possible. Her trial was, therefore. the
first Of the numerous tests over the
Cape Ann course where speed was not
the sought for object.
The day was perfect for the trial. a
moderate breeze at the start falling to
a fiat calm at the finish while the sea
throughout was Very smooth.
Although the Pennsy lvania started
slowly. being nearly Il quarter of
knot below her requirement o,er the
first two legs OF the course. she gath
cred headway as she went on and over
one leg Of five miles OF the a. to the
turn averaged 2253 knots an hour. At
ter making Il remarkable quick turn ut
the upper end OF the course, she START
ed back and only once in the seven
legs to the finish did the speed fall be-
low 22ia knots, while at one time. it
was 2:.Oo
There was considerable interest in
comparing her effort. today, with that
of her consort. the Colorado. which
preceded her from the Cramps yard
only 4 month before. While the latter
made 6.G knot squirt al % "a per hour.
her average for the IS miles was 1926
knots, compared with the Pennsylva-
MAS 22.43 knots per hour.
The economy in fuel consumption,
according to Edwin S. Crapm, was due
to the rigid discipline in the fire room
ami the excellence of the boilers. The
firemen distributed the coal regularly
and evenly. with the result that the
boilers steamed freely. At no time was
there attempt made to race the boat.
although Mr.. Cramp stated at the end
of the trip that he was confident that
the Pennsylvania could have made an
average of % knots.
The engines developed a horsepower
Of over $4,000. while the prOpellers av-
eraged 12S revolutions per minute.
The tim. and speed attained on the
different legs were as follows:
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24
STEAMER sToRD MISSING.
Sailed from North Sydney, c. g., Nov
15-Not Vet Reported.

Halifax, n. s., Nov. 23--A special
from Sydney says that uneasiness pre-
walls there regarding the safety of the
steamer Stord (NOr). Capt. Percy
which sailed from North Sydney. C. b..
Nov. Il, with a cargo of coal for st.
Johns. n f.. and has not since been
heard from. Steamers plying between
these ports saw nothing Of the Stord.
Besides her captain she carried crew
of 16 men. 1t is feared that she found
cred in the great gale which swept over
the Cape Breton coast Thursday last.
The Stord is wooden steamer OF
about 30 tons register.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24
UNABLE TO AGREE.
jury in Richards and Heller Case Ask
to Be Discharged.

New York. Nov. 23.-After eight
hours delibcration. the jurors at Pat
erson, n. j.. in the case Of William r.
richards and Ernest Heller. charged
with manslaughter in having caused
the wreck at Mdvale. July 10. in which,
IL people lost their lives. announced
that they could not reacn 4 verdict and
asked to br discharged.
1t vas stated that while the ma jori-
ty held out that the railroad company
was at fault for failing to keep the
semapno,es in good order.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24
A SERIOUS FOREST FIRE
Is Threatening Much Property in the
Monongakela Region.

Monongahela. Pa. Nov. GA forest
fire which was started by a railroad en-
gjne spark last Friday, on the hili-
side opposited here. broke ont afresh.
Tuesday night. and the flames nov
menace not only the tipple of the Mo-
nongahelt mine ana others which lie
in the path. but also threaten much
damage to surrounding property.
A stretch of a mile along the high
hillside has already been swept by the
flames. At the Monongahela mine an
endeavor is being made to save the
property by starting small fires 7"
meet the larger.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24
CORNELL WINS
The intercollegiate Cross-Country
Championship on Smile Course.

New York. Nov. 23.-The annual in
tercollegiatc cross-country champion
shin was won. today. by the team rep
resenting Cornell University. four of
her men finishing in the first five.
The time of the first man, f. f.. New
man. was 1886. Cornell was first with
- points; Pennsylvania second. with
Al points: Yale third, with 81 points;
Harvard fourth, with 81 points ana Co
hn,nbia fifth, with 73 points.
The course measured little over SIX
miles.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24
PEACE Is ASSURED
In the Northern Part Of Nicaragua by
Latest Report.

Washington. Nov. 23.-Peace in
northern Nicaragua is assured By the
recent decision OF the Nicaraguan and
Costa Rican governments to submit
their boundary dispute to the King OF
Spain for arbitration. says Mr.. Merry,
the American minister to Costa Rica.
in "eport received at the state de-
paftment. today. The minister also re-
ports that the settlement Of the dispute
will facilitate the development OF
American commerce in that section.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24
RIFLES AND AMMUNITION
Sent by Gov. Yates to the Sheriff a
ZeigIer. III,

Springfield. ILL.,. Nov. 23.-Gov. Yates
received a telegram, today, from Sher-
if George j. Stain of Franklin county,
stating that the Sheriff would be able
to control the peace situation at Zeig-
Ter, ILL.,, if furnished with rifles and
ammunition with which to arm special
deputy sheriffs. Gov Yates has ac-
cordingly ordered that so rifles and 50.-
900 rounds of ammunition be sent to
Zeigler.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24
FIRE At BOWDOINhAM.
The Jane Mariner Farm Buildings
Burned-Loss, About $1,000.

Bowdoinham. Me. Nov. o3.-During the
absence of the family. Tuesday afternoon.
the Jane Mariner farm on the Post road
was completely demolished by fire. the
house and all the farm buildings being
burned. Two hogs. all the hay and farm
ing tools, and 800 bushels of potatoes were
lost The fire was caused by :: defective
chimney. There was an insurance of
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24
Andrew Carnegie Is III.

Now York. Nov. 23.-Andrew Carhe-
rie ;s again reported to be slightly IN
Sisnosed at his home in Fifth avenue.
.his c;ty The nature of his illness was
not made public. but it was stated 10
he not at all serious.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24
PROBABLY RAIN.

Washington. Nov. 23.-Forecast for
New England: Cloudy, Thursday.
probably rain: fresh to brisk shifting
winds. slowly increasing: Friday, fair
and colder
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24
New British Minister to China.

Washington. Nov. 22.-Arthur Raikes,
counksellor of the British embassy
here. has been appointed British min
lister to Chile. He will leave, next
week, for his new post
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24
Boston Forecas st.

l:oStOn. Nov. 23.---Local forecast for
H"st"n and vicinity: Thursday, cloudy
weather. probably occasional rain;
Friday, fair and colder: light variable
winds becoming brisk westerly.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24

For Cruel Treatment Of the Jews.
st. Petersburg. Nov. 23.-Interior
Minister Sviatopolk Mirsky has re-
moved NJ. Klingenberg, governor or
Moghileff. because OF his harsh meas
ures against the Jews. contrary to his
recent orders.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24

:, The directors Of the Interborough Rapid
lrsanas, uranslt Co at New York. announced.
to holders of Manhattan stock the Z per
cent annual dividend rental guarantee af-
ter next year by the lease which has
oeen PAID contingent upon the earnings
OF the elevated road y
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24
FL. Summer Arrives at Colon.

Colon. Nov. g.-The United states army ar y
transport su%neHF mn Honsn havirg cegmmittes ait on in
tasstate nislt and foreign commerce, arriVeu
here, today.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24
A New Swimming Record.

San Francisco. Calf. Nov. q
ffth"!s Galley has lowered the worlds
VuiFler mile swimming record during
Ae olympic Clubs natatorial tourna-
,nent The former record was held by
T. Daniels of the New oYrk \. G..
"hnSe mark WIS 6.03 The new re-
cord is $50 49,
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24
CHRIST MAS
PHOTOS

THIS month is the right
! Tine TO sit for your
Christmas Photos. can give
hitter work than ever, III my
,,.w ground floor studio All
,h,. nru est ami best styles
III mounts. New back
ground. etc. No stairs to
climb. : :
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24

Average speed. per hour, 2..4S knots.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24

nol;ce use automobiles to pa
y, BrcTe'hGnl t%e 'hGonleyards and apprehend "scoreh'
ers,"
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24

,,v" "v"r q wireless Telegraph stations are
u, rs, IN tn military establishments on
we other side %. the Atlantic.
Daily Kennebec journal., 1904-11-24

Hatters, Furriers and Outfitters-Opp
tony House. AUGUSTA; us Water
St. GARDINER th.stu
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20
OLD SETTLERS TO
MEET IN SEATTLE

SEATTLE, June 20.-The Wash
ington Pioneers association will
meet in Seattle tomorrow and We'd
nesday for its twenty-first annual re-
union. The sessions will be held in
Pioneer hall, at Madison park. The
program includes addresses on his
torical and memorial topics, and
pleasure excursions about the city.
The members will meet tomorrow
morning at 10 o'clock in Pioneer hall
and will be called to order by Presi-
dent Allen Weir of Olympia. Prayer
will be offered by the venerable Rev.
George r. Whitworth, who has lived
in Washington 81 years. EulogieS
will be delivered upon Judge John j.
McGilvra and David T. Denny, who
have passed away since the last an
nual meeting. General James B.
Metcalfe will give the former and
Allen Weir the latter Dinner will
be served in the hall at IL o'clock
noon. In the afternoon the members
will take a ride on Lake Washington
in the ferryboat King County In the
evening they will attend the Third
Avenue theater in a body.
The second days session will be
devoted to historical addresses and
to business, the latter including the
election of officers. Entertainments
will also help to fill in the time. The
ascooiqtion now numbers nearly
1000 members and a large attend
anCe 10 vApeCted.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20
JOE YOUNG AT
LIBERTY AGAIN

Joe Young, the most picturesque
criminal that ever figured in local
police circles, was banished from Sc
attic yesterday by Chief of Police De-
laRey. Young had served a 30-day
sentence on the chain gang, during
which time he preached daily SER
mons to the prisoners.
Often during the time the gang
was at work Young would sink down
on his knees and start to pray. His
prayer would last until one of the
guards reached him and forced him
to work.
Young is thought by Chief Delaney
to have been the man who wrote sew
eral threatening letters to Mayor Bal
linger and to himself. Letter writing
is one of Young's pet pastimes. Since
he has been in the chain gang he has
written several letters of an anar-
chistic trend.
Young claims to be a reformer, al.
though he has served two terms in
the penitentiary. He is charged by
the police with being the man wh1
set of charge of dynamite in a
building in the restricted district
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20

and standing room even was at pre-
MUM.
DR.. Bowen spoke at length of the
relations existing between the white
and the coloTed races. He said that
they were alike only so far as they
thought and acted alike. The black
man he said. has become a black
white man. Why? Because he has
been reading the white mans books
ana has learned to think the white
mans thoughts. He is becoming
white, not in color, but in thought
and purpose. He is reaching out and
upward for nobler and better things
and you have today an Anglo-SaX
black man
To illustrate his point he referred
to the Russo-Japanese war and said:
The little Japanese today fighting
in the Orient have been called the
Yankees of the East Why? Be
cause they have adopted Yankee
ideas. They have been reading Yam
kee books and thinking Yankee
thoughts until they have practically
become Yankees in purpose and ac-
ton. In the same way the black
man Is becoming like the white man.
For my own part | am not
ashamed of my color and have no
desire to become white ] have no
desire TO make my race a white race
except in thought and purpose"
DR.. Bowen has been engaged in
ministerial and educational work for
years. He has been professor of an
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20

proven very useful on the c@bleshlP.
Nearly one-half of them are employ
ed in handling the cables when the
vessel is engaged in repairing or lay
ing a new one. They are industrious.
and more sober and clearly than
many white men. In the tropics they
are particularly useful because less
liable than white men to get sick.
"They are quite clean and neat.
They keep their quarters scrubbed
carefully, and they battle regularly. |
have seen squad of them come out
of the stokers' room after passing
coal and go to their own deck and
battle all over. They scrub them
selves thoroughly and then throw
cold water over each other They
also keep their clothing very clean.
The Filipinos are cheaper to board
than white men. They subsist chief
ly upon rice, although they eat some
meat and garden vegetables They
have their own mess table, and GER
tain OF their number are assigned to
the culinary department They form
little colony by themselves, al
though the best of feeling exists be-
tween them and the Caucasians
aboard. They eat very much like
white men in the same plane of so
ciety They eat rice with a spoon
and when they tackle meat they use
a knife and fork
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20
FILIPINOS ARE
BORN SAILORS

The government cableship Burn
side, which has just left Tacoma with
600 miles of the Alaska cable coiled
in her hold. affords an example of
what benevolent assimilation" will
do for the Filipinos. On the Burn
side are 116 of the little brown men,
who have been assimilated by meth
DDS so benevolent that they seem to
like their Jobs.
The Filipinos on the Burnside
were picked up about Manila two
years ago. The vessel was short of
white men. and the boatswain was
sent ashore to recruit sailors and la
borers of any color or nationality OBJ
tainable. He came back in a little
while with a company of the Fill
pinos. Nearly all are from the Wis
ayan group of islands. The expert
ment has been entirely satisfactory.
First officer Heinrich said of them:
every Filinino is sailor by her.
edity and training At home they live
largely upon the water. They have
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20
POLICE ARREST
THREE SUSPECTS

Frank Smith and Fred Worthing-
ton, two boys, aged IA and Is years,
respectively, were arrested by De-
tective Moran at Ellensburg yester-
day, and brought to the city Jail. No
special charge has been placed
against the boys, but they were ar
rested on suspicion of being impli-
Gated in the burglarizing of Albert
Green's room in the Commercial ho-
tel several weeks ago, when nearly
5000 worth of jewelry was taken.
Walter Kemp, another suspect in
the case, was arrested Saturday
night. Kemp has just been released
from JAIL where he had been serving
light sentence for burglary.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20
BETTER SERVICE
FOR SOUTH END

A 15minute service was inaugu-
rated on the South Tacoma line to
day. The new schedule went into
effect at 6 o'clock this morning.
Cars will leave South Tacoma for
Ninth and Commerce streets every
10 minutes, beginning with o'clock
and ending at p. M AT Ninth and
Commerce streets the cars will leave
every 5 minutes from 6 a. m. until
1880 p. m. After that time the cars
will run according to the old SEIZED
ule.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20
THIS WILL MAKE
TEACHERS HAPPY

Teachers salary warrants for last
month will be payable next Wednes-
day. The total amount aggregates
about $4,000.
City Superintendent Warner and
Dr.. H. F. Wegener. principal of the
high school, leave on Wednesday to
attend the meeting of the National
Educational association at st. Louis.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20
MARINE GLINIPSES.


The British ship Thirlmere will
sail Wednesday for Iquique, Chill,
with cargo of 100000 feet of
lumber. The vessel has been in port
two weeks, loading at the Tacoma
Mill company's dock. Captain Rad
cliffe has been unable to sign a new
crew, and if the full number of sail
ors can not be obtained in this port
by Wednesday stop will be made at
Port Townsend to complete list. The
crew Winch brought the ship into
port deserted
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20
CHANCE TO TELL
ALL THEY KNOW

Examinations for entrance to East
ern collegs and universities are now
under way at the Central school. An
examination fee of $40 is collected
from each candidate, and the papers
written each day are forwarded the
same evening to the New York office,
where they are examined. The total
amount of the examination fees is
$40
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20
The Was overaIl,s curves looked

the best southpaw twirler seen here
IN many weeks, and should be able
TO hold his place on the Tiger staff.
In the afternoon game, Overall, the
nYincible, was pitted against "Kid
Herkes, not invincible, but decidedly
game. The contest was replete with
sensations, and an exciting climax
came with every inning. The scores
OF the two games follow:
Morning game. II. H. e.
Tacoma 1000 0OOOO-2 :
San Fran. % 2 5000 Go 9 |
Summary: Struck out--McDon
aid 5, Whalen 4. Bases on balls
Mcdonald 3, Whalen 3. Hit by pitch
Whalen |. Wild pitch-McDon-
aid l Stolen base--Doyle 1. Two
base hits-Casey l, Mcdonald /,
Townsend 1, Whalen 1. Double
plays Sheehan to Casey to Nordyke.
Irwin TO Anderson to Townsend. Left
on bases-Tacoma @, San Francisco
4.
Afternoon game r. HI
Tacoma 1908 0I20s6 10 2
San Franz 0 0 q 02 0-5 0
Summary: Strdck out-By over.
ell 5. by Yerkes 1 Bases on balls
BY Overall 2. by Yerkes /. Stolen
bases Miller /. Two-base hits
Nordyke 2, Hogan 1. Hildebrand 4.
Meaney |. Three-base hits--Shee-
nan ], Mclaughlin 1. Sacrifice hits
Overall 3, Doyle /, Eagan ] i, Hide
Grand !, Anderson /, Gorton / Dou-
bic play--Hilbrand to Gorton. Left
on bases-Tacoma s., San Francisco
z.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20

and at present is at the head of GAM
mon Theological seminary, Atlanta.
At the general conference in Los
Angeles he was elected a bishop.
- Tuesday night at the First Metho-
dist church, he will lecture on What
the Church and State Have Done for
the Black Man"
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20
TIGERS LAND
ON The TOP
Pacific Coast League standing.

In two of the most snappy games
of the season the Tigers made an
even break with the San Francisco
aggregation yesterday, and thereby
mounted the top rung. The Angels.
who have disputed the honor with
Fishers men during the past week,
were taken down the line by the
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20
Southwest league Standing.
TACOMA AND EVERETT
TIE IN FAST GAME

EVERETT, June 20.-The la
crosse team from Tacoma and the
locals played a tie game here yester-
day. The contest was fast and ex-
citing from the start, and two players
were badly injured. Jones of Taco
ma dislocated his shoulder near the
end of the game, and Mills of the
locals received a severe scalp cut,
but was able to play the game out
The teams lined up as follows:
Tacoma. Position Everett.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20

The collier Mackinaw and the
barkentine Portland left for San
Francisco yesterday. The Mackinaw
carried telephone poles and coal,
while the Portland had 100000 feet
of lumber.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20

and also with having set fire to a
church.
Now that he has been turned out
OF Seattle he will probably appear in
Tacoma again.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20

Both the barkentine Amazon and
the bark Ventura arrived in port yes
terday to load lumber. The Ventura
has been on the Sound for some time,
having stopped at Port Blakeley.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20

The steamer Edith left today for
Alaska on a fishing cruise. She
has been in port the past week and
has been given a thorough overhaul
ing and a coat of paint.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20

AT Cincinnati-Cin Cincinnati 3, Chi
cago 0.
Al Brooklyn-New York II,
Brooklyn 0.
At st. Pittsburg 3, 5; St.
Louis 4, 2.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20
Pacific National League Standing.
Southwest League.

At Aberdeen Aberdeen 4, Olym-
pia 5.
At Centralia-H oquiam 8, Cen
tralia Z.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20

The steamer Defiance carried a
large number of eXcursionists and
the lacrosse team to Everett yester-
day.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20

tricts.
The morning game went to the
Seals by score of to 2. Whalen
had the Tigers on the run during
most of the time, and Mcdonald
Fishers new pitcher. Joined in tho
stampede The latter, however, is
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20
National League Standing.
American League.

At ST. Louis-st Louis 3, /; New
York 4, 0.
AT Chicago-Boston 2, Chicago 0.
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20
Seattle 3. Los Angeles I.


PORTLAND, June 20.-Oakland
took yesterdays game from the locals
after one of the fastest exhibitions
seen this season. The score:
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20
American League Standing
Pacific National League.

At Salt Lake-Salt Lake 7, 3;
Butte 0. 6.
At Boise Boise 6, Spokane l..
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20
THE BLACK MAN
BECOMING WHITE

The First Methodist church was
crowded TO the doors last night by
an audience eager to hear DR.. j. E.
Bowen, the eloquent colored orator
from Atlanta. Ga. Every seat was
taken before the services commenced,
The Tacoma times. [volume] (Tacoma, Wash.) 1903-1949, 1904-06-20

BatteIies-Roach and steelman;
Cooper and Byrne.