davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-02-12
RUSSIA MAY NOT EXHIBIT AT ST. LOUIS
Money Intended for Exposition to Go to Red
Cross Work.

St. Petersburg Feb. 1.-THE question OF aban-
doning Russian participation in the st. Louis
Exposition Is under confederation The mer-
chants OF Moscow to-day informed Commission
or General AlexandrOvsky that they would de-
vote the money intended FOR the exposition to the
Red Cross and TO assisting the war orphans
and widows. They intend contributing $780,
900. II It is decided to abandon the Russian
exhibit the government will follow the example
OF the Moscow merchants and appropriate the
81. Louis fund and the remainder OF previous
exposition funds. amounting altogether to $685.
COO to the Red Cross.
NJ. Alexandrovsky, who Is connected with thu
Red Cross. replying 10 the questions on the
subject, said he had not time now to attend
TO ST. Louis Exposition affairs. He added that.
while no decision had been reached. he had
little hope OF Russia's participation
The largest firms here who intended TO exhibit
az the st. Louis Exposition have stopped prep
Grations 20 that end on the understanding that
there win Be no Russian participation.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-02-12
THINK TORPEDO BOATS ovERRATED.
Naval Authorities Consider Their Success
Due to Russian Unpreparedness.
Irnov THE TRIBUNE BUREAU.I

Washington. Feb. 11.-An attempt will be
made IN the House 70 add to the Naval ApprO-
prlGtIon bill provision for additional torpedo
boats. because OF the sensational success OF the
japanese torpedo hotrla az Port Arthur. Tho
attempt is regarded by the Senators as hys-
ter.caI. and Il f. doubtful IL IT viii be coun-
tcnanced by the upper chamber.
II is pointed out by the naval authorities that
torpedo boats received something Of a setback
IN the Spanish war. Throughout the siege OF
Santiago TIE American fleet lay IN a position
rot dissimuar to that occupied by the Russians
outside n Port Arthur but at no time was Ad-
m,ral Cervera able to use his torpedo vessels
with effect This was due to the constant and
capable use Of searchlights by the American
vessels. which so flooded the entrance 70 the
harbor with light as 20 make It impossible for
a Spanish torpedo YES sci 10 make a sally I'M
perceived. In one instance, or san Juan. Porto
Rico Spanish torpedo boat. the Terror was
detected in an attempt to approach the Ameri-
can converted cruiser st. Paul. and was prompt
~ disabled by rapid fire projectiles dropped
neatly just AFT her boilers at a distance Of three
miles.
From this it IS argued that, while Japan found
her torpedo fotilla most effective against an
enemy which by its unprepareduess and lack Of
vigilance courted disaster this single battle does
not present sufficient ground which to base
any general conclusion to the utility Of any
considerable number of torpedo boats. as COM
pared with larger vessels. Emphasis is given
20 this view by the necessity which the japanese
commander found FOR using his batteships TO
supplement the torpedo skirnish. sSirmish
which intelligent use OF searchlights and torpedo
rets might have rendered ineffective. and by
the evident inability of the Russian gunners to
shoot with accuracy.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-02-12

alone. and no coal shall be again supplied to
any such ship Of war or privateer in the same or
any other port, harbor, roadstead or waters OF
the United States, without special permission
until after the expiration Of three months from
the time when such coal may have been last
supplied to her within the waters Of the United
States unless such ship Of war or privateer
shall since last thus supplied, have entered
port OF the government to which she belongs
FREE SHIPS MAKE FREE GOODS.
And further declare and proclaim that by the
first article Of the convention as 10 rights OF
neutrals at sea which was concluded between
the United States Of America and his majesty
she Emperor Of All the Russias, on the I'D day
Of july A. n 1854 the following principles
were recognized as permanent and immutable'
20 wit
Ffrst-Tfat free ships make free goods; that IS
10 saw. that the effects or goods belonging 20
subjects or citizens OF power or state az war
are free from capture and Coutscauon "heh
found on board Of neutral vessels, with the eN-
ception OF articles of contraband OF war.
Second-That the property Of neutrals on
board an enemy'S vessel IS not subject 10 con-
fecation unless the same be contraband or war.
And I further declare and proclaim that the
statutes Of the United states and the law OF
nations alike require that no person within
the territory and jurisdiction OF the Inlted
States shall take part directly or lhdlFecuy' ii
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-02-12
SUBSTANCE OF THE NOTE.
Mr. Hay Not Thought 70 Seek to
Preserue Integrity" Of China.

paris. Feb. 1.-THE Temps says The follow
s,a fs the substance o. Secretary Hays note 10
she powers on the subject q the neutrality ana
integrity o. China:
Consult with che government 70 "nlcn you
,ve accredited. with the view of learning u ia
-,-6er 10 avoid the possible outbreak or troubles
~ china and 10 limit the prejudice OF war on
7,a,lfral commerce. it win not be proper 70 re-
snect The neutrality Of the administrative entity
OF China
Ar HAYS phrase administrative entity IS
not clear 10 the officials here, but they say ne
docs not seem to mean the Integrity OF China"
Official sentiment Is somewhat treasured con-
corning the note United states Ambassador
Porter having pointed out thai the powers have
q common interest in keeping China neutral
Foreign Minister Dclcasse eVlnces me l'l'ioS'
desire 10 cooperate with the United States 50
lov- IS nothing irirnlcal to Russia is done.
The friendly sentiments OF t1e Frencn soV-
eminent toward the United states are indicaIea
- sl,s ,-,seearee Of rota President Loubet and
M ToeIc2sse concerning the Baltimore disaster.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-02-12
DECLARES WAR
IN Imperial Proclamation Giving
Reasons for Conflict.

Toxic. Feb 1.-THE existence Of a state Of
war with Russia has been announced I'm the
following imperial proclamation. issued yester-
day:
We by the grace Of Heaven, Emperor OF Japan.
oo 90, i,-,y,-rr1,~i,I barebv mako foT
to an our loyal and brave subjects as follows:
We hereby declare war against Russia, and we
command our army and navy 10 carry ca hosuutes
against her. In obedience to their duty. with all
petent authorities to make every effort. in pursu-
with ell the means within tins limits Of the law
we have always deemed It essential. In interna-
tonal relations and have made IL our constant aim,
to promote the pacific progress OF our empire In
other states ana 20 establish a state Of things
which would maintain enduring peace in the Far
East. and assure the future security OF our do
mlnion without injury 10 the rights or interests Of
also performed their duties in obedience to our
VIII. that relations with all the powers had
been steadily growing in cordiality. II was thus
The integrity OF Corea IS matter OF the gravest
concern 70 this empire, not only because of our
the separate existence OF Corea Is essential 70 tho
safety Of our realm. Nevertheless. Russia. I'm
in o@c,Irati-r 81 Nisncbr.rfa rs coI,sciiaj scli I
strengthened her mold on those provinces and is
absorption OF AIanchuria by Russia would render ia
impossible 20 maintain the INTEGRITY Of China. aud
would, IT, addition, compel the abandonment OF
al hope Of peace IN the Far East. We were deter
mined IN those circumstances to settle the question
by negotiations and 70 secure thereby permanent
peace. With that object in view our compet ent
authorities by our order. made proposals Rus
Sla ana frequent conferences were held during the
last SIX months.
Russia, however. never met such proposals In a
spirit OF Cancellation. but by wantOa delays put of
a settlement o. the serious questions, and by osteu-
si9ly advoc2Lng peace on one hand; while on the
tons. sought 20 accomplish her selfish de-
Signs We cannot In the least admit Russia had
from the nrst any serious genuine desire for
peace She rejected the proposals OF our govern
ment. The safety OF Corea was IN DANCE, aud tho
interests o. our empire we're rnenactd. The guar
antefS Tor the future which failed secure
hF peaceful neEotia lions can now e Obtained
BY aa appeal 20 arms.
u IS our earnest wish that by tho loyalty and
Nalor OF our faithful subjects peace may be
permanently restored and the glory OF cur empire
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-02-12
INFORMED THAT WAR EXISTS.
Russia and Japan Ask the United States to
Remain Neutral.

Washington, Feb. u.-secretary Hay has been
officially Informed by both Russia and Japan OF
the existence Of war, and from both has had re-
quests that the United States remain neutral
The Russian notification was made yesterday
while the japanese was delivered to-day through
Minister Takahlra when he called at the state
Department. After referring to the fact that the
japanese government had Informed the Russian
government Of It's decision to terminate negOua-
lions. the minister said he had been instructed
IN inform the Secretary Of State that the En-
neror Of Japan had issued a rescript declaring
war against Russia. He also said he was in
structed 10 express the hope Of his government
that the necessary measures might be adopted
by the United States IN order to make neutrality
effective This request IS in line with that made
b,, the Russian Ambassador. The two requests
eer,-od as q basis for the neutrality prOClama-
tiop issued hy the President this afternoon II
was intended TO issue the proclamation early 10
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-02-12

the said war but shall remain ~ peace with
each cf the said hclllgereuts- and sHaI 49,
tain a strict and impartial neutrality ana 'H@s
whatever privileges shall be actorI.1 '' ~,
ne belIfrereuts within the ports OF the OhNsa
States shall be in like manner accoI~S- W '''o
other. ,.,- 20 .,.
United States, and all persons res!dllE or "s..-5
within the territory or jurisdiction or t4e 1''INI
States, to observe the laws thereof. 9ns 20 'o..
nit no act contrary 20 the pr0Nlsloss or ~ sll
statutes or IN violation Of the .A" ~ NATIONS ''
And I do hereby warn all citizens of tho United
states and all persons residing or being "llAlh
its territory or Jurisdiction that while lEe Tree
and fun expression Of sympathy in pualc u,iu
private IS not restricted 10y the Jaws q. w
United States, military forces pa a-- "a -. -
beuigercnt cannot lawfully be crlEtnt,eL .L ~
gained within its jurisdiction aia ~ ". ~. ~.
al persons may lawfully ana =" lll.'.- -
lion bv reason Of the aforesaid state or var
manufacture and sell within the lul'ra St','a
ms and munitions of war and oiErr afli,l.a
--'15,,,,-fI,, l.ro-.n .s "coutraUaui 81 war; yet
they cannot carry such articles ui',l t NJ 49,
seas for the use or service 81 ellh5I
nor can they transport sotol>Ts anu "a
atttar or atfeu1pt TO break auy blockade which
may be lawfully established ana iAd'lI.al'y,
during the war, without mourning the Ilsk OF
hostile capture and the pen4luea o'io''l'10N -
INC law Of nations in that behalf
And 1 do hereby give notice iha- an 'ltL@'I'a p-
,ra I@rItrd states ana others who may claim tEe
- -, 80 mis- government who may mis-
conduct themselves in the premises VIII uo 2" az
their peril and that they can IN no WIS., vD'al't
United States against the consequences Oh '"tH
misconduct . go. 49,.
hand and caused the seal OF the United states
Done AZ the city OF Washington this 18th day
Of February. in the year OF our LoIG o. tIe
pendence Of the United States the ono "ull0iSu
ana '"e'''' -''S'' THEODORE ROOSEVELT.
BY the President:
JOHN HAY, Secretary OF state
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-02-12
CONTRABAND OF WAR SHIPPED EAST.
So Officers of Marine Insurance Companies
Declare-Secrecy at Local Piers

Odicers Of marine Insurance companies IN this
city said yesterday that they believed much mcr-
chandise which woIld be subject TO seizure By
Russian or Japanese armed vessels was being
shipped on vessels sailing under neutral flags from
this city 20 the ports OF China and Japan The
greatest secrecy IS being shown at the piers from
which such vessels sail. and II IS believed that
many false invoices are being made out TO conceal
tho identity Of merchandise known by the ship
pers to DO contraband OF war. An officer Of one
Of the companies said yesterday;
The special war Insurance rates sIl shipments
20 the Far East have risen 20 10 per IN cases
OF shipments TO sOIse japanese and Northern
China ports. We cannot tell, or course that other
nations may take part In the before the sail
ing vessels leaving here can get to their
destination We tell II the ports which the
ships sailing to Will be in a state OF blockade
not. The special war insurance rate FOR goods
Chinese ports bound for this country in only ore
half Of I per cent
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-02-12
AGREES WITH JAPAN.
England's Position on Secretary
Hans Note.

London, Feb. liking Edward, Gt a council
held at buckingham Palace this afternoon.
signed q proclamation declaring Crest Britain's
neutrality during the war between Russia and
Japan. The proclamation IS a lengthy dOcu-
sneut on the usual lines and covers all the
British douinions
With regard TO Secretary Hays note 70 the
powers on the neutrality and integrity OF China,
the British government. the Foreign Once saye,
sees no reason why the proposition regarding
China proper should not be Joined IN by all
the powers. but the government shares the
views o. Baron IIayashL the japanese Minister
here who said yesterday that the neutrality
OF China was first suggested by his government
and Japan would certainly agree most heartily
20 Secretary Hays proposition, which, he
thought appeared chiefly due % the suspicion
that Russia might find prCteXt Tor military
action against China. T. however. said Baron
Haysshi the United States and other powers
contemplated the neutrality Of Nauchuria, the
case became very complicated. So long as there
were Russian troops in Mancnuria. Japan could
NOS regard it ar neutral territory. and had every
intention % waEiuE an aggressive land cam
paiEn there. Having rosortc4 20 arms, he added.
Japan would probably so further than her
demands in the negotiations.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-02-12
JAPAN AIDED BY THE PAST
Experience Gained 5Citb China of
Vaae-CoaL COntrabaRd.
osp.slal . &c Nsw-Yarl. rLsuns b Erensh 49,

Especial 20 Tie Ssw-Yor< Tribune by French Cabis)
Copyright; 1904; BY Tribune Asseeiation1
London. Feb. 1.-THE censorship has been
frightened by the Russian and japanese officials
and few dispatches OF On authoritative nature
have been allowed to pass. The Japanese cam
paign has been planned with elaboration and
with the advantage Of experience IN the war
with China. While writer's like Spenser Wflkir-
son are waiting for more trustworthy Informal
ton than the rumOrs OF the press agencies
respecting the continuance Of the lombard
ment OF Port Arthur and the repulse OF land
Ing parties, they forecast operations on a large
scale between Port Arthur and the mouth Of
the Yalu or the breaking OF railway communi-
cation from the north coast OF the Liao-Tung
Gulf. near New-Chweng. This theory Is repeat
ed by several writer's as the natural explanation
OF the silence enforced by the censorship.
The London press writer's. while approving
Secretary Hays circular note, assume that
Japan cannot be prohibited from entering Man
ohuria nor Russia from operating the line OF
railway to and beyond AIoukden. The proclara-
ton Of British neutrality follows the usual
phrasiug, but some writer's are convinced that
England, having Gordon Of coaIing naval sta
tions around the world. would gain by the en-
forcement OF the rule that coal IS coutraband Of
war and liable to seizure under a neutral flag
BY bellIgerents. NE
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-02-12
TO LIMIT FIELD OF VAR.
Rassia VIII Not Hamper Herself
Bitterness Against England.

g Petersburg. Feb l1.-secretary Hays note
., me ,,ovvo~s has attracted much attention IN
Diplomatic circles here. any movement having
Cor its purpose the limiting Of the scene OF hos
entities is received with sympathy, but In certain
ora~ters tbe practicabuity CT the action sug-
s-ested Is questioned. prominent diplomat eN-
pressed surprise to-day that the preservation OF
Corea. was not Included in the note
the wishes OF the United States have been
communicated 20 the Russian government ana
rresurna bly, also 10 Japan. AT the Foreign once
The Associated Press learned this afternoon that
no rseDon4e 10 the note had been made. and II
was considered extremely doubtful whether Rus
b sia felt herself IN a position 70 make any oecla-
rations now which might hamper her military
operations The question was SAID 10 be one
Tor the military authorities 20 decide, and the
Representations O. the United States, which are
understood to oe couched IN the most courteous
terms. probably win be referred to Nlce1oy
Alexie1
The newspapers here 90 not fully understand
the purport OF che note, and regard 1t as an at
tempt Al mediation, the bare suggestion OF
which. while the country IS smarting under the
sting Of defeat creates irritation
The ~vedomosu" points out that the United
Etaass should have Initiated 5oint action a
fortnight ago 20 restrain Japan, and that i Is
nov too lata Furthermore. Russia after her
szpor1encs az Berlin. has had enough Of inter
national congresses.
The following clause n Secretary Hays note Is
ccasidered here 70 be important:
proposing 50int representations 70 Rus
STA and 5apan 70 prevail upon them 70 circum-
scribe the war operations as far as possible with
a view 20 preventing disorders n China which
might threaten international trade, and 20 the
preserving OF the integrity OF China"
The prompt declaration OF the neutrality OF
the United States. although expected as mat
ter OF course. has made good impression here.
The bitterness against Great Britain. already
great during the negotiations between Russia
and Japan. Is assuming almost alarming pro-
portions The suppositon that Great Britain
evacuated Wei-Hai-Wel 10 give Japan a base
whence 10 attack has called out the deepest IN
dignation, which has been stil further infamed
by the publication in Great Britain OF q Blue
Book on Tibet. containing the offensive language
OF Lord Lansdowne. Even in less stirring times
this would have caused a public sensation
The first authentic news OF the fighting at
Chemulpo has been printed here vaguely and
without details. The Admiralty has issued
epecihc orders that no telegcams from the Far
East either for private persons, newspapers or
news agencies win be transmitted. The Ad-
miralty viii give out official reports.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-02-12
TOXIC CELEBRITIES
CTo''ds Parade. Rejoicing Or,
Victories

London Feb. ia dispatch fror -,,,-
that there are great rejoicings sbs-. :. 'aSA
eesses OF the Japanese navy. Tee r-n,, - sue
inss' residences ard business bo,,.r- - nlilt-
rated with flags. Bunting Is TO be -, eco
Wnere- Toxic wears the aspect ~ ; .' a'''y-
querors' and last night witnessed a -, y
AaleAins celebration. Thousands Of 60, ...s'
SArLoed 'he streets. accompanied BY -
1913 % music and carrying torches. as-.
eoiored lanterns and transparencsas sr,h,.- IS
with war pictures National az, 'ned
and cheers were continually given r. s1ls
Gus professions surrounded the .af,~o az. al
and visited the governments Offices van
the Russian Legation overIooks A s,-
Where thousands Of people had asse,bl.s !.
witness the celebration OF the japanese -. g
put the windows Of the legation were s.r,-. 80
s ne cI0Wus We're orderly and sober -rhs 80 80.
ish residents OF Toxic were cheare5 ,-I.5Ilt-
they appeared. 90 "heravsr
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-02-12

though the Department ~in not De LED into
discussion OF the details az this STAGE o. the
negotiations u was said By a high otacia4 70
night that the powers agreed 20 preserve 'ns
integrity OF China in 1900. and that i was hot
specified how much % China was included n re
general term. Secretary Hays note merely fo.-
lows the lines OF the principle then enunelatso
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-02-12
STUDENTS WANT TO FIGHT RUSSIA.
Members of Cadet Corps of University of
Minnesota Anxious To Go to the Far East.

Minneapolis. Feb. n-Several students at the Uni
verslty Of Minnesota have expressed their desire
to aid Japan In fighting Russia. They have been
drilled IN the cadet corps OF the university. The
volunteers include students for tho most part from
the engineering and tho medical schools. They
are seeking transportation TO the Far East
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-02-12

Berlin. Feb IA dispatch received here
from Toxic says the imperial decree concerning
the seizure o. Russian merchant vessels except
those leaving Japan or sailing direct from other
than japanese ports Tor Japan up 70 February
16 provided the latter leave Japan after dis
charging their carEOCs and keep 20 the route
mapped out for Them: and. provided, also. that
neither inward bound nor outward bound ships
have on board articles ccatraband OF war.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-02-12
pR1DGE OK THE MANcuUR1AN SECTION RUSSIAN RAILWAY

dav but as some questions arose concerning the
application Of the neutrality laws to American
ghiuulug and % the specification OK articles
which might be regarded contraband OF war.
IL r-as decided that the draft should be sub
rnItted 20 the Attorney General and the Secre-
tary Of War for approval.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-02-12
TO Cure a Cold In One Day

Take Laxative Bromo ouinine Tablets All druggists
refund the money II Il fails 70 cure - w Croves
signature v sach lax 2Ss
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1904-06-29
SOIL PARTICLES.
IMagnified 162 times

culiar shapes of particles as they ap-
pear under the microscope are shown
in the cut. Particles of sand are not
less than 200 times larger than par
ticleS of clay.
AS the soil particles cannot lie to-
gether so as to form a solid mass,
there is a large amount Of intervening
space, which in an average soil equals
nearly half its volume. The smaller
the particles, the greater the proportion
Of space. Thus clay contains 60 per
cent of space, while a sandy truck soil
contains 81 per cent, ordinary soils
varying all the way between these ex-
tremes.
AS the result of the surface tension
each particle Of soil holds film Of wa
ter over its entire surface and thus
provides supply of this material for
the roots of plants. When the quanti-
ty of water in the soil is so much great
er than is required to supply that
which is held by surface tension that
the remaining space is filled, the soil
is said to be saturated. If we provide
an outlet for the water, the surplus
will pass off by force Of gravity, leav-
ing only the films which are held by
surface tension and which furnish the
desired moisture to plants. Thus from
Is to 20 per cent Of all the water which
soil will hold will not pass off as
drainage, but will remain as capillary
water to contribute to the growth Of
plants and to further aid in the prepa-
ration of additional plant food. This
necessary moisture moves through the
soil independently of gravity by the
force of capillary attraction or surface
tension, which tends to distribute and
equalize moisture in the soil.
About so per cent of the volume of
ordinary soils is space which is al
ways filed with water or air. The in
dividual spaces are larger or smaller