davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The independent. [volume] (Lincoln, Neb.) 1902-1907, 1904-03-24
The Philosophy of Freedom
FARMER AND SINGLE TAX TAX.
An Open Forum for Single Takers

FARMER AND SMILE lax.
The editor of The Independent as
serts that the reason why farmers dc
not take kindly to the single tax is
because it will destroy the value CT
their land, and this value is about all
they have left after years of hard
toll.
This is true not only of the farmers,
but of most land owners, especially
owners of small estates. 1t is dill
cult to show these good people that
destroying the individual value does
not destroy it. We use the word de
stroy" wrongly. True, the single tax
will take from each individual his
social product, !. e., the land value,
thus lowering the selling price of his
land, but the fact that all such land
will yield annually to each commun-
ity a large revenue, proves that the
value has not been destroyed, but So
cialized. Indeed you can no more de-
stroy the value of land in growing
community than you could destroy
gravitation. Both are in the nature OF
things.
LEU Luc ohu AOAAAS
owners consider who would be the
gamers. were all land values social
lied: that is, were ground rents col
lected from each according to the val
lie of his land, and then redlstributei
back to each pro rata. Those who
would pay the largest taxes would be
those who are today receiving the
largest amounts of the sociai product
annually-such as the Standard Oil
company, with its vast land values in
pipe lines, men owning valuable coa'
fields, or other mining properties;
railroads with their valuable fran
chises; choice city lots, more valuable
than whole counties of farming land.
The owners of such properties are to-
day paying smaller taxes in proper
ton to their wealth than are the farm
ers; but under the single tax they
would pay by far the largest taxes OF
any; and it is right that they should,
since they are receiving annually vast
amounts of the social product. They
have grown rich by absorbing social
product. 1t is because they feed con-
tinually upon social product that
makes each a monopoly.
The farmers and small hometown
ers are clinging desperately to ays-
tenn of taxation that rObs them oil
The independent. [volume] (Lincoln, Neb.) 1902-1907, 1904-03-24
Entirely Wrong

Editor Independent: The good
things that are to be found weekly in
the columns Of your paper emphasize
the wonder at your giving over the
front page in your last issue to the
letter by Mr.. John S. De Hart. take
it that the looseness of his reasoning
has your approval else you would not
give 1t so prominent place in your
paper. The absurdity of his reasoning
is evidenced in the contradictarincss
of his statements relative to Mr..
Georges system of taxation. At ths
bottom of the first column he says
that "Mr. George and his followers
propose single tax upon land values
as substitute for custom house taxes
and all other kinds of taxation" Then
in the third column he says, Had Mr..
Georges system of taxation-interna
taxation upon wealth-been practical
and etc. One who assumes to inter-
pref for your readers as Mr.. De Hart
does should know at least the mean
ing OF his terms and that Henry
Georges proposition of a single tax
upon land values did not propose
system of taxation upon wealth.
Plainly it is my opinion that Mr.. De
Hart does not know the meaning of
the word wealth and if you would
have your readers credit you with
having clear understanding of Henry
Georges philosophy such articles as
this would not find place in your
paper, without at least an editorial ex-
preston from you as to it.
DANIEL KIEFER.
Cincinnati, o.
(The Independent has said a thou
sand times, more or less, that it does
not hold itself responsible for the
views of correspondents. 1t is an open
forum. 1t allows access to its col
umns to every man who honestly be-
lieves he has something for the ben
eft of mankind, 1t never will adopt
the policy OF the plutocratic dailics
and shut out from discussion every
thing that IL does not itself fully ap-
prove. The Independent Is not In
fallible. Neither Is Mr.. Kiefer. II
Mr.. Kiefer had read In The lndepen-
dent anything except the single tax
matter he would have no trouble IT,
finding out whether It's editors were
in favor OF a protective tariff OF not.
Ed. Ind
The independent. [volume] (Lincoln, Neb.) 1902-1907, 1904-03-24

Prof, Gray OF Chicago university has
Issued an order that any student In
the classes Of his department OF POI
Iitlcal science who reports outside any
thing that he says shall be summarily
dismissed from the department. Per-
haps Prof. Gray has In mind what
happened TO Prof. Bemls and several
other teachers In the Rockefeller In
atitution. Yet President Harper de-
elares that Rockefeller never inter-
feres with the professors there. Per-
hapa he will not interfere when he
gets HIS temple built on the Neoraa-
IN university campus.
The independent. [volume] (Lincoln, Neb.) 1902-1907, 1904-03-24

collectively belongs to each member
OF that society equally: and this means
equal rights for all, and special priv
ileges. for none.
ELIZA STOWE TWITCIELL.
Wollaston, Mass.
The independent. [volume] (Lincoln, Neb.) 1902-1907, 1904-03-24

A, u. KITCHEN, Real Estate ana
Rental Agency. i22a o ST., Lincoln.
Neb.
FARMS WANTED.
III you want To buy farm, or n you
want 10 sell farm. ace me, have
several buyers who want 10 buy. La
your farma with me.
The independent. [volume] (Lincoln, Neb.) 1902-1907, 1904-03-24
FARMERS, ATTENTION.

Do you wish to sell your farm? L.
SO. send full description, lowest price
and best terms Or, if you wish "a
buy farm, ranch or Lincoln home.
write to or call on Williams & Bratr
1105 O ST., Lincoln. Neb.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1904-12-02
vhy Illinois Is sucker

In modern Egypt, which is in the
southern part of Illinois, some of the
native men gave a banquet in honor
of an eminent politician of the Xix.
There were many speeches in praise
sud panegyric of the chief guest. Ihey
wore s11ner1ative to that degree which
is the full tether Of grammar A
voung preacher present was moved
thereby to get so far back as the com
narrative in story. He said:
"a short time ago l attended Il BAN
onat in Indiana at which were pres
ont many men from other States ana
in turn the speakers of the occasion
scared to the empyrean many times,
and swept the skies, and gathered
stars in their glowing and eXtrava-
CANT eulogies upon the merits ana VIZ
tues of their respective common
weaIths. The Texan was eloquent
ohont the Lone Star the l<eatu.klan
hacame lurid concerning the dark ana
bloody ground, the Ohioan went via
on .buckeyes,' and one was moFeu -
say something for Illinois.
1--WE of Illinois, he said, frequent
" hear these beautiful boasts OF ofner
S+atas and we not only listen with
ho+ad breath and profound interest,",
Int believe it all implicitly. The rea'
CON for this is that we are, lndIFiduai-
~ and collectively. from Galeha II
Goshen and from Chicago to Cairo. as
;, Vol known throughout the civilized
u,or,d and in some parts of Ne" Jer'
sey. simply suckers.
I'VE at this table to-nlght, us
Young preacher concluded, believe e, an !,
~, - ,,as been said Of our distinguished
grest as is becoming to true SUCK
ers.'
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1904-12-02
PRESIDENT AT THE FAIR.


position in Day.
Presidents day at the Louisiana pur-
chase exposition dawned with clear skies
and brisk wind, ideal weather for car
rying out the strenuous program arrang-
ed for the nations chief executive.
Although President Roosevelt was not
officially greeted by the exposition man
agement until after 8 O'Clock, the grounds
We're thronged long before that hour.
The presidential special train arrived
in st. Louis at $40 Saturday morning
and was taken at once to the worlds
fair grounds. Extraordinary precautions
We're taken to prevent accident after the
special arrived within the jurisdiction of
the st. Louis Terminal Association, two
hundred and fifty men having been sta
toned along the right of way. Two COM
panies of the Sixteenth infantry guard
ed the train when it reached its destina-
ton and no one was allowed to approach
within one hundred feet of the darkened
Pullmans. The distinguished party was
early astir, preparing for their day of
rccord-breaking sightseeing.
The presidential party breakfasted in
their car, which was surrounded by
great crowd. Although kept at a dis
lance, they were able to see the Presi-
dent, who sat in full view before one
of the windows during the meal. He
seemed as much interested in the crowd
as they were in him.
After breakfast was finished. Presi-
dent Francis, Mayor Wells and a COM
n,ittee of exposition officials and direc-
tors appeared at the car to pay their
respects to the chief executive. The re-
ception was very informal, the party
walking through the car and meeting the
President.
Carriages were then taken and the
party proceeded to the Liberal Arts
building, which was the first great eX
hibit palace to be seen. The route of
the procession was thronged with people.
who gave the President an ovation and
kept him busy responding to cheers.
Each of the exhibit palaces that the
President visited was closed to the public
from the time he entered the building till
he issued therefrom. His view Of the
various buildings was necessarily hur-
ried, as he had arranged to see the big
show in a day, beside giving some OF his
time to the football game on the Stadium
gridiron.
What healthy and optimistic Ameri
can citizens have been claiming could not
be done properly in six weeks, President
Roosevelt did in eight hours. He saw
the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, peek
ed into it's every nook and corner, went
through all the great buildings, visited
the structures reared by foreign coun-
tries, received a car load of gifts, made
a speech or two, spent an hour on
neighborly visit in the Filipino section,
and closed his schedule at shutdown not
half tired but wholly pleased. After a
short rest he made ready for the ban
quet in the evening, which was given in
the Tyrolean Alps concession
Mrs. Roosevelt was at the Presidents
side most of the time. So were Miss
Alice Roosevelt, Mr.. and Mrs. Douglas
Robinson, Secretary and Mrs. Loeb and
Surgeon General Rixey, who formed the
Washington party.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1904-12-02

an air of meienchely resignation, and
1eaye her to herself. My name is NOT
her!' "-u'
l admit to myself that in secret re-
cess OF my heart has dwelt all along
nope that such might be the end That
nope takes definite shape now; It as
sumes such dimensions that my appetite
disappears before it, and the moment
dinner is over leave the house. In a
booksellers shop I examine the pages Of
directory for the address of the Eng
!lsn clergyman, and to his residence
Immediately hasten.
lie greets me with an extensive dis
play of very fine teeth, and offers me
his hand. He is a ruddy-skinned, pros
porous looking man, stout and hale, bear
ing IN this countenance the evidence Of
perfect self-contentment.
In what way can I serve you, sir 2"
he asks.
L state my business and in an incred-
IDLY short time it is transacted. / am
III possession Of the license and Mr.. Carr
Of his feA.
Go be continued.)
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1904-12-02

The armies of Kuropatllin and Oya-
ma are facing one another on the
Shake river, where they have been
stationary for a month. There are
occasional reports from Russian
sources of Japanese setbacks and re-
pulses, at various points, but the Jap
anese are silent as to their doings and
their intentions.
All that is positively known is that
both armies are receiving reinforce
ments. Since the completion of the
missing link in the Siberian railroad
around Lake Baikal the Russians are
able to send men to the front with
greater rapidity and in larger numbers.
Both armies are using the spade in
cessantly, and are protected now by
systems of elaborate and seemingly i'm
pregnable works.
1t is winter in northern Manchuria
and the difficulties in the way of a for
ward movement when the forces are
so nearly equal as they are appear to
be insuperable. Snow and frost are
dangerous enemies to affront It seems
as if both armies had resolved to stay
where they are during the winter.
What their losses from disease and
cold will be during the season may be-
come known next spring.
Spasmodic bombardment and persist
ent tunneling have been the character
istic features Of the siege of Port Ar
thur during the week. Specific items
of news have been in consequence few.
The Japanese succeeded in occupying
the counterscarp of Sungshu fort, one
of the strong positions on what is call
ed the northeastern ridge, and they
made similar gain at the Ehrlung
fort. A smell blew up a magazine in
the city and started a confa grafton
that lasted two days. Russian coun-
ter attack in front of East Keekwan
fort was a failure. There is also a
story, though not very definite one,
of an attack by Japanese company
on a detachment of Russians in an out
lying position in front of Etseshan
This last story is the only one that in
dicates activity in the neighborhood
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1904-12-02
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A dam is being built in Oregon in con-
nection with the plans for irrigating 90,
900 acres of land, which will require
100000 feet of lumber
Morgan county, Colorado, has eleven
irrigating canals, 220 miles in length al
together, and with a capacity of $780,
100000 cubic feet of water.
There are $4,000 hotels in the United
States, representing an invested capital
of over $6,O0O,OO0,O00 These establish
ments employ 100000 persons.
Tacoma stevedores, who believe they
made record time, loaded the ship Peru
with 124,S57 bushels of wheat in seven
teen hours, an average of 1874 bushels
an hour.
In England over 1,OOO,O0 workers ex-
perienced decrease in wages during the
last fiscal year. In IS per cent of the
cases wage changes were effected by ar
bitration.
The gross earnings of the railroads
have increased $572, 761 AL since 1899,
and the net earnings $78,566,S23. No
wonder Bradstreet's finds evidence of
railroad progress" in the existing situa
ton.
An apparatus called the telecrypto-
graph, which telegraphs and records in
print messages over ordinary telephone
lines, without interfering with the tele-
phony, is said to have been invented by
Signor Melcotti an Italian electrician.
Twelve million six hundred thousand
is the estimate of the number Of the
famous Rocky Ford cantaloupes shipped
from the Rocky Ford district in Colo
RADIO this season. Seven hundred cars
were sent out, as against 592 carloads
the previous year.
The production of the Cripple Creek
district, Colorado's famous mining camp,
for September, 1904, amounted to 81
OIL ,0O0 with a gross tonnage of 62,,3oO,-
600 TONS The average value of the ore
shipped during the month was E2S per
ton, a gain Of 81 over the August output.
Apparently a new field of labor has
lust been opened for girls in the manu-
facture of cut nails. After seeking vain
ly to secure the services of enough boys
to operate its nail machines, the Chicago
Steel Manufacturing Company of New
Castle Ind has filled the vacancies with
girls. and reports much satisfaction with
the character of the work which they
are doing. The company is producing
from 300 to 400 kegs Of steel and iron
cut nails and about $500 agricultural
shapes daily. =; s's-i'
Hannah Monroe, president of the
Washwomen's Union of Richmond. Va:
has issued an address to her sisters OF
the tub and washboard throughout the
South. She urges washwomen to organ
ize against their oppressors, the
"beatben Chinee." She says the male
Chinaman, instead of doing mems work.
are driving the honest and poorly paid
colored women from their natural calling
of laundry work" Hannah Monroe, it is
said, was born slave. She threatens
to become the Carrie Nation of the wash
women's movement and begin series
Of raids against the offending Cinnamon.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1904-12-02

of the western defenSeS of the fortress.
Within the last month we have adj
yanced from mere guessWork TO den-
mite knowledge of the progress OF the
siege, as the result of the trickllng
stream of dispatches which the Jap
anese staff has allowed to be published.
We no longer talk of the possibility OF
Fort Arthur falling any day. but rather
of the probability that this or that one
of the sixteen forts, or groups OF forts.
which make up the main defense OF the
city, will be taken.
IT is worth recalling that the Port
Arthur forts can be divided i'll gen
eral way into five groups. There is
first the exceedingly strong Idautle-
shan position. at the extreme end OF
the promontory. some twelve miles
southwest of Port Arthur. This has
not vet been under fire at all. Then
there are the forts on the Tigers Tail
neninsl,la These also have been free
from attack. Thirdly, there are the
forts. of which Golden Hill and Elec-
tric Cliff are the best known. com
handing the harbor entrance and
strung along the shore to the east of
the city. The guns of these forts have
enca ged Admiral Togo's fleet whenever
they had a chance, but they do not
seem to be mounted so that they can
be used against land attacks. A fourth
group comprises the forts on the north
eastern ridge, the Sungshu fort, the
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1904-12-02
PROGRESS 0G5RIlESS OF THE MAR

Rihlung (Ehrlung) forts, the Keekwan
forts and the Kinkeeshan forts. The
fifth group is to the west on the Chair
hills, comprising the Else, Antsz and
Wangtai forts.
Gen Nogi seems to have decided
definitely to enter Port Arthur over the
ruins of the Keekwan, Ehrlung and
Shungshu forts. His men are lying
in tunnels within a few hundred feet
OF the walls of these forts. The Rus
slams are confined within the walls, and
while their guns are still powerful to
check any Japanese assault up the
hills they can do nothing against the
men tunneling beneath them. Almost
any day we may learn that the Jap
anese have exploded their mines and
burst out of the ground into one Of
these forts, there to fight a hand-to
hand struggle to the death for posses
sion.
But even if the Russians are driven
out Of one fort and their cannon and
ramparts destroyed, that will not mean
Japanese occupation. Apparently all
the forts in the group must be taken
in this way before the Japanese can
enter into occupation. And after this
will come a further strategical problem
to bring about the reduction Of the
Golden Hill and Chair Hill groups Of
forts. These tasks accomplished, Port
Arthur will have fallen. But even
then Stoessel, with the remnant of his
men, may hold out longer, if he sees
fit, on the Liautieshan promontory.
With the fall OF the Merchandising
shu forts the Russian fleet will proba-
bly, be compelled to take it's final choice
Of dooms, either self-destruction in the
harbor or a rush into the waiting jaws
Of Togo's keet. The Japanese are con-
fident that they can force this dilemma
long before Admiral Rojestvensky's
squadron reaches eastern waters.
1t is easy to understand why the
Japanese wish to settle the Port Ar
thur matter. In the first place it's cap
ture will release soldiers for service in
northern Manchuria. In the next place
the Russian feet is moving eastward.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1904-12-02
WANT HONEST UNDERWEAR.

Trade Complaints About Practice Of
Skim ping Size.
An agitation Is now going on in the
underwear manufacturing trade in
favor of establishing some standard
OF size for garments on which both
the retail dealers and the public can
depend, and which, if adhered to, will
put stop to what is really fraud on
the public, says the New York Times.
The number marked on a garment Is
usually supposed to indicate it's actual
size. Thus 3S garment ought to
measure thirty eight inches, a 40 gar
ment forty inches, and so on. AS
matter Of act, however, in the cheaper
grades of underwear the practice of
making up sizes has gained ground so
fast that the numbering has come to
mean little or nothing. This is espeA
ctally so this season on account of the
high price Of cotton, which tempted
the manufacturers to take advantage
of any scheme to cheaper the gar
ments. Now in the cheapest grades a
garment marked 38 may only measure
I'LL ~ -Iou1 1hSACS, anu Tic lCLd1lOIS
have been overwhelmed with COM
plants, which they have passed on to
the jobbers, and which the jobbers in
turn have passed on to the manufac-
turers This kind Of skimping has
only been tried on the cheapest grades
Of garments, but there has been anoth-
er method which is even more annoy
ing to the consumer and which has run
through nearly all the grades. This is
the practice of skimping material in
other ways, while making the garment
to measure just what it is marked, so
far as the main dimensions are con-
cerned Thus a shirt marked 40 will
measure forty inches in the chest, but
will be an inch or two short in the
body, and pair Of drawers marked
3S will measure thirty-eight inches
around the waist, but the legs will be
SO narrow that the wearer will prob
ably split them the first or second time
he tries to put them on.
The chief reason for this condition
is the practice prevailing in the under
wear trade Of selling goods at fixed
price A garment must be made to
sell at % or so cents, and if cotton
goes up the retailer feels that he can
not get 90 or 50 cents for the same gar
ment He demands that the manufaC-
turer still furnish him with the same
garment or one equally as attractive
to sell at the standard price, and the
result is that the latter il forced to
cheaper his output in some way. The
manufacturer is SO far from the cum
sumer, all the business in this line be-
ing done through commission houses
and iobbers, that he often feels that
he does not need to study the publicA
wants at ALL For some time there has
been an agitation in favor Of askingthe
retailers to try to change the system
of fixed price selling. 1t obtains in
no country but the United States, and
tbe European manufacturers who sell
goods here have simply refused to fall
in with it. They have priced their
goods at actual value, and in spite Of
fine advance in cotton have maintained
the quality of their output. OF course
most of the imported underwear is in
the better grades, but even the cheap
stuff imported has kept up its reputa-
ton for honesty.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1904-12-02

Late last week that section of the
fleet which is taking the Red sea route
began passing through the Suez canal.
That route will also be followed by the
division made up of cruisers and tor
pedo boat destroyers, which was the
last to leave the Baltic. 1t will be in
the North sea soon.
The battleships under the immediate
command of Admiral Rojestvensky
which stopped ten days ago at Dakar
Cape Verde to coal, are on their way
down the African coast, and if they
give the preference to French ports for
coaling purposes the next report con-
corning them may come from Loango.
in French Congo. Golfers are await
ing them at Madagascar another
French possession, and possibly will
proceed there from Loango without
stopping 1t is rumored that Diego
Suarez bay in Madagascar is where
unite and prepare for the last stage Of
the journey.
When Port Arthur falls Admiral
Togo will be relieved from blockade
duty. which cannot be abandoned It
will be possible then for him to go out
to meet the Russians-to go as far as
Formosa perhaps. Until the siege ends
he will be kept in Korea bay. The
plan of the Japanese naval campaign
hinges on the operations at Port Ar
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1904-12-02


by the
dated lines The fighting for the outer
did
brought
comprised $4,000 and
the besesers probematca Latest re-
Rhung
of
effective Smelling
the Far East is