New-York tribune., 1904-09-25
PRESIDENT FOR PEACE.
Continued from first page.

public It was accordingly decided to restrict par
ticpation In the conference to States MAINTAINING
standing armies or navies. No delegates tioAA 80
Central or South American republics attenuef
conference in session from May 10 10 'ui'
Baron de saal of the Russian delegation presioea'
For the purpose Of facilitating the WORK OIL tio
conference three grand committees were formed
dealing respectively with armaments ana engines
of destruction. humane regulations IN warfare emu
mediation and arbitration. Each OF the great pow
ers was represented on all the committees anu
the delegation OF each State had vote on every
proposaI submitted to the conference. The conclu-
sions of the conference were embodied In a hilaA
act signed on July 90 by all the states repreSel''
This act consists of three treaties. or cohNeh'o'
three formal declarations and six resolutions The
first convention relates to the pacific adJustmenl
Of international disputes the second deals with tne
laws and ,sages OF war on land and the tniro pro-
vides for the adaptation Of the rules OF maritii0
warfare to the principles OF the Geneva Con'eH'Oh
of 1854 The three declarations involve the prom
billion of the use Of projectiles or explosives rom
balloons for a period OF five years. wnoh was az
cepted unanimously but the Limitation has new eX-
pred; OF the employment of proJectiles which oi.-
fuse asphyxiatng other deleterious gases Wi.o
was not accepted by England and the On'eo
States and OF the OF bullets wnich eApanu VI
hatten easily In the human body. In the SIX reso
Iutions the conference expressed the opinion ths'
the limitation OF the military burdens WHICH H1"
weigh so heavily the world is greatly 10 pe ue-
sired for the enhancement of the moral ana ma
terial wellbeing of humanity; that the questions
relating to the rights and duties OF neutrals the m
volatility Of private property In maritime warfare
and the question OF the bombardment OF towns
should be referred to future conference ana thal
the questions relating 10 types and cahDres Oh ma
rine artillery and small arms and the size OF mil
tary and naval budgets should be studleo oS tne
governments of the sgnatory powers Win a we"
to establishing uniformity In the former ana reouo-
ton in the latter
OF ali the conclusions reached by the conference
the convention relating to mediation ana aroitia-
ton aroused the most general interest ACCORDING
10 this convention the signatory powers agree 10
resort to mediation in cases OF serious interhauonal
dispute and method OF procedure Is proVlded oy
which mediation may be arranged at the instance
Of the disputants by the voluntary oner OF neu-
ral powers 1t further provides that mediatory ad-
vances shall never be considered by the disputins
parties unfriendly act.
With a view TO the adjustment OF international
differences where neither honor nor essenuai IN
terests' are involved. commission or inquiry Is
provided for whose duty is to examine sueh eo"'io
verted questions OF fact as are suscepubie Oh
judicial ascertanment, and report the result oi
it's Inquiries to the disputng powers for their ao-
ceptance or rejection.
FINALLY with a view to the settlement OF disputes
between States by arbitl alton. a Permanent Court
OF Arbitration was created This tribunal Is con, u,
posed OF persons eminent for their kno@tsuse -
d fn "a nermsnent list OF arbitrators nomi
mated by the signatory powers Eacn power - o. g.
lowed to nominate not more than four memners Is
and their term Of office is six years. In oruer 90
constitute the court for a paruculaI
party to the controversy chooses two arolu s
either from the list OF permanent members or TON
persons who are not members. ana these chOV3s9
an umpire. There also detailed provisions tor
seIectinR an umpire In the two arDltrStors
cannot agree for regulating the procedure OF the
court for reviewing it's decisions, etc. The diplo.
rnatIc agents OF the signatory powers resident az
The Hague. under the presidency OF the Dnscn ute,
Minister OF Foreign Affairs, constitute permanent
council which serves the office or the Perrns-
nent Court OF Arbitration. The first resort 70 the
Permanent Court OF Arbitration was made by the
United States and Mexico in 1902 for the settenent
Of the controversy in regard TO the Plous Fund
claims ana the dispute was decided in favor OF
the United States The delegates from the Unite United
states TO the conference were Andrew ID. Whlte
Seth Low Captain A. T. Mahan, Captain (now
GeneraD William Crozier, Stanford Newell, United
Hollis was the secretary OF the United States dele
cation.