The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1904-04-08
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20 Improve the Native CRAB.

WHICH nature. offers to improve our
native fruits. and If existing kinds
have been developed from the origin
al forms to the extent which writer's
tell us and which seems possible
from what is being done with the ma
tive plum, then surely there is
chance to improve our native crab
apple (Pyrus Ioensis) sufficiently to
place it among our cultivated fruits.
This species presents such a wide
range OF variation in its native state
that great results might be expected
by following long course of selcc-
tlon and breeding up to certain
standard. The native crab-applo in
Its best varieties has qualities to
commend it to the housewife for jelly,
preserves and an improver of the
flavor Of other fruits to such an ex-
tent that If the best of the present
existing wild varieties were cult
waited they would soon make a ready
market for themselves on their m-r-
It's.
Mentioning to friends an intention
to improve the qualities of this fruit
by long continued selection, encour-
aging interest has been shown, anG,
IN most cases advice has been given
TO depend on producing hybrids by
crossing with the best varieties of
our common apple. The desirable
qualities OF our native as a jelly fruit
or to tone up the flavor of sweet ap-
pies and other fruits would be lost
IN this inharmonious combination.
and it is difficult to conceive how the
cultivated apple would be benefited.
certainly not through hardness, for
we have no evidence that our native
crab-apple is more hardy under cult
vatlon than our hardy orchard varie-
ties, nor would it be improved in
quality, for each has qualities of it's
own, which do not harmonize with
those of the other. 1t is possible that
our native crab-apple may not become
dessert fruit, yet it seems probable
that we might have fruit for culin-
airy purposes equally as popular and
much more valuable for this climate
than the ounce.
Let us consider the qualities of the
subject under consideration. All va
r1etles are yet too small to be salts
factory, although we find some over
TWO inches in diameter, while others
are quite small. Some have a con-
siderable degree of astringency and
bitterness, while others are very
free from the above All are sour to
varying amount, but when free from
Dltterness, as is the case with some
KINDS, this acidity, with the delightful
aroma of many kinds, offers us CON-
Dlnatlon which is gratefully accepted
ny many and is as much in harmony
Win the character Of the fruit as is
tne same quality in the ounce, cur
rant and our cooking cherries All
20 not possess the same degree of
acldlty, there being as wide variation
IN this respect as is found in the cur
rant. The flavor varies in the same
degree as the aroma. and some kinds
I are without scent. so in Our work in.
grading up there is chance for nice
olscernment in selection for flavor.
Whlle none of the varieties are mel.
low, yet there is wide variation in
texture of the flesh, some beng tough
as well as hard. while others ara
quite tender, crisp and juicy, so we
nave great reason to expect improve.
ment in mellowness.
The flowers too are such general
favorites. with their exquisite odor
and wide range of delicate colorlng
from light pink to deep rose. They
also possess great variety in full
ness and size Of petals and season of
blooming, which, together with the
picturesque form of the tree make
mem desirable as an ornamental.
IL seems fitting here to refer to the
beautiful double form, the Becbtel
CRAB. 1t can be held as a shrub for
SO long time that it should be in
Guided In every collection of shrubs.
Many OF the states have adopted a
state flower, but the question is stin
open for Wisconsin. It seems desira-
Ole to choose one that is strictly a
native and has good qualities to com.
mend 1t. Such we have in our native
~D "pPAC ouu tue wisconsin State
horticultural Society might well take
the initiative by selecting this az the
state flower.
| have in view then the followine
lines of Improvement for our crab.
apple: Increased size of fruit and 80.
lection of most shapely form: p-eser.
walton and Improvement CT favor
with probably a variety OF Aavors.
Improvement in the texture of the
flesh. which varies greatly; choice Of
color OF fruit, which although con.
fined almost wholly to shades 81
green and yellow. yet gives us some
pleasing combinations Of tints: breed.
ing out astringency and bitterness:
keeping IA mind all the time yieor.
GUS hardy tree Of shapely form. Also
considering the flowers alone our sub.
3 lect is worthy Of our best efforts.
This experiment to improve our m.
tive apple has been carried on Int
three years and already friends have
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