The herald-advance. (Milbank, S.D.) 1890-1922, 1904-12-09

UPON, DUSINHSS, INt DUTGdU lbs UGe1 dUIC
to gain not only the confidence, but. bet
ter still, the cooperation OF men engaged
in legitimate business"
The bureau has made exhaustive ex-
into the legal condition under
which corporate business is carried on
In the various states. and into the vari-
GUS systems of corporate taxation in use.
The president calls special attention 10
the report of the chief of the bureau
and urges congress to carefully consider
the report and the recommendations IT
contains.
Congress is urged carefully to consider
whether the power of the bureau cannot
constitutionally be extended to cover in
te T s transactions in insurance: No
kept open to all on equal terms, says the
president; and to do this it is necessary
TO- put a complete stop to all rebates.
Whether the shipper or the railroad is
to blame makes no difference; the rebate
must be stopped. the abuses of the pri-
vate car and private terminal track and
the legislation of the ffty-eighth con-
gross which declares 1t to be unlawful
for any person or corporation to offer.
grant, give, solicit, accept, or receive
any rebate, concession or discrimination
In respect OF the transportation OF any
property in interstate or Foreign com
merce whereby such property shall by
any device whatever be transported at a
less rate than that named in the tariffs
published by the carriers must be en-
forced.
The president is Of the opinion that
while at present 1t would be undesirable,
II not impracticable, finally to clothe the
commission with general authority to fix
railroad rates, he believes that as a fair
security to shippers. the commission
should be vested with the power, where
q given rate has been challenged and
found to be unreasonable, to decide, sub
ject to judicial review. what shall be a
reasonable rate to take its place. The
most important Legislative act now need
ed as regards the regulation of corpora
tjnnG jg az not IN rpVtSa rates. and YpQI-
lations.
The president devotes considerable
space to the needs of the city of Wash
ington and suggestions as to desired leg
i~slation.
The extensive scope of the work of
the department Of agriculture is dealt
annually $4,000. 900 to carry on research
into all the sciences of production. Tnis
work reaches every state and territory
In the Union and the islands Of the sea
lately come under our flag. The world
is carefully searched for new varieties of
grains, fruits. grasses, vegetables and
shrubs, suitable to various localities in
our country, and marked benefit to our
producers has resulted.
The activities of our age In lines of
research have reached the tflers Of the
soil and inspired them with ambition
to know more of the PRINCIPLES that gov
ern the forces of nature with which they
have to deal. Nearly half of the people
of this country devote their energies to
growing things from the soil. Until a
recent date little has been done to pre-
pare these millions for their life work.
cial training until congress made pro-
vision for it forty years ago. During
these years great progress has been
made. Over five thousand students are
in attendance at our state agricultural
colleges. The federal government ex-
ponds annually 100000 600 toward their
education and for research in Washing
We sell $3.50. 600 600 worth OF animals
and animal products to foreign coun-
tries every year, in addition to supply
abnndantly than any other nation is
able to provide for it's people. We sell
abroad about $4,000. 900 worth of plants
and their products every year.
During the two and a half years that
have elapsed since the passage of the
reclamation act rapid progress has been
made in the surveys and examinations
of the opportunities for reclamation in
the thirteen states and three territories
of the arid West. Construction has al
ready been begun on the largest and
and plans are being completed. for works
which will utilize the funds now avail
able The reclama ton act has been
found to be remarkably complete and
that a wide range of undertakings has
been possible under it.
The subject of forest reserves comes
in for considerable Of the presidents at,
ANiO = y " III LAX q
principle of the forest reserve policy Of
this administration that the reserves are
for use. Whatever interferes with the
use OF their is to be avoided
by every possible means. But their re-
sources must be used in such a way
as to make them permanent. The forest
to the present. as well as to the future
welfare of all the Western public land
states. They powerfully. affect the use
and disposal of the public lands. They
preserve the water supply and the sup
ply of timber for domestic purposes,
and so promote settlement under the rec
lamation act. Indeed. they are essen
tial to the welfare OF every one of the
great interests of the West"
The president calls attention to the
confusion which exists in government
forest matters because the work is scat
tons and urges that the forest work
be Concentrated in the department of
agriculture where the greater part Of
| the work is now done and where prac-
tically all the trained foresters OF the
government are employed.
The president urges that he be au-
thorized to set aside certain portions Of
the forest reserves for the preservation
of the bison. the wapiti and other large
beasts once SO abundant in our woods
and mountains and our great plains.
and now tending toward extinction.
The pension bureau. according to the
president. has never in it's history been
manager in a more satisfactory manner
than is now the case.
The progress of the Indians toward
civilization. though not rapid, is per-
haps all that could be hoped for in
view of the circumstances The appoint
ment Of a field assistant to the commits
sioner Of Indian affairs would. the presi-
dent believes. bring the agents into closer
touch with the Indian office in Wash
ington and with the cooperation thus
secured the Indian office would. in a
measure fuller than ever before. lift UP
the savage toward that self help and
self-reliance which constitute the man.
In the postoff1ce department the serv-
ice has increased in efficiency, and condi-
tons as to revenue and expenditure con-
tinue satisfactory. The increase of rev.
enue during the year was s9,35s. 1Sl. 10. or
So per cent. the total receipts amount
ing to SAB, 49,, 624-34. The expenditures
were $152. 1862, 116. 70. an incree~.e of about
8 per cent over the previous year. being
thus Sc, 1873, 4Y2. 80 in excess Of the current
revenue. Included In these expenditures
was q total appropriation Of $12, $50. 637. IS
Tor the cO~ntinuatio and extension of the
rural delivery. Large as this e1,enditure
Eas been the beneticent results attained
in extending free distribution of mails to
the residents Of the rural districts have
justified the wisdom Of the outlay. On
the LIST Of October, 1904, there were q. 1873
rural routes established. serving approxi-
mately 100000 people, and there were
pending at that time 1857 petitions for