davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1904-04-30
SCHOOL BOOKS.


Public Schools.
The City school BOARD met last FRI
aav and adopted the following books
for the public schools of this city;
PRIMES.
Whecirr's Primer. W. II. Wheeler Y
Co. Arnoid's Primer. Silver. Burdette 4
Co. Hol,on's Primer. Rand. MeNaliy \
Co. Hiawatha Primer. Houghton, Nit
fin x Co.
SPKILKRS
Rrauson's Complete Speller. l, ,. b. +.
Johnson & Co.. Hea;h's .VerticalSpelhng
Blank. d. I Heath \ 60.
READERS.
Literary Masterpieces. HOughton'
Niffiin * Co, Stepping Stones to Liter
allure. TO :. The Heath's Readers. . and
s y. I. Heath \ Co. First and Second
readers and Manual for Teachers, Silver,
Burdetre \ 90.
LANGUAGE LESSONS.
Language Through Nature, Literature
aud Art. Rand. MoNally x CO.
LANGUAGE AID GRANNAR.
Cordv \ Mead's Language Lessons
and Gordv \ Mead's Grammars, Char
les S-ubner's Sons.
HISTORY OF NRGNIA.
Lees New Primary L. :. History, b.
3. Johnson \ Co. Chambers Makers OF
American History. silver. Bufdette y
g.. Whites school History, Silver.
Burdette X CO.
ESGLIsH HISTORY.
Tappan's Engiand's story. Houghton'
i Nifiiu & Co.
GE0CRATHIES-
Frye's Elements Of Geography, CHM s
CO.
ARrTHNETICs.
Coiaw * Enwood's Arithmetics, pr
mary and advanced. B. F. Johnson S
Co.
PHysIoLoGlE>.
Nrobu.s First Book IN Hygiene am
: Krohn.s Graded Lessons In Hygeine. L
? Appietoa s, Co.
Cory B0oHs.
Natural system Of Vertical Writing
.. (. Heath & Co.
% DRAwINc.
rhompson's New short Course
r---
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1904-04-30

.,serc-riSfng rates resson re, S.@ 1850
ar spplroariou. Rates 20 al ; - ---.
s-.ok perfSSue. with uSnai o-S'o-'.' - -.
.-drfrue. Local notic-> d"
= -.',,',s,n. of-rSp~ct Gents per line
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1904-04-30
LEGAL ADVERTISING.

..fo-nevS abo pisce LeS@i A o'sl'-s,. -. =
.,,.,sne-srr held personally Tsas' S-'... -.
- rsis being the oHF oonai''o1 - -.
80 ,ss accept such sareTiisi'1- =
"a. per inch each zine. les - per CENT
,s.,ssrior ron tbese terms
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1904-04-30
Band to Organize.

Williamsburg is TO have a band Of ten
pieces The members Of the proposed
band will meet tonight for organization.
MIR. c J. Person Is 10 be the director
The band should be encouraged, aud TIE
peopk should contribute towards buy
Ing the instruments for the band.
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1904-04-30
SUBSCRIPTION RATES:

SUBSCRIPTION prsce 900 per feAf ~
=. a. ls~> time. SfwarS in sdrSnce--
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1904-04-30

You Know What You Are Taking
When YOU take Groves Tasteless Chill
Tonic because the formula IS plainly
printed on every bottle showing that IL
IS simply Iron and Quiuine IN a tasteless
form No Cure. No Paw. SOC
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1904-08-28

In respect to revenging injury done
to master or father, it is granted by
the wise and virtuous (Confucius) that
you and the injurer cannot live to-
gether under the canopy of heaven.
a person harboTing such vengeance
shall notify the Criminal Court; and
though no check or hindrance may be
offered TO his carrying out his desire
within the period allowed for that pur-
pose, 1t is forbidden that the chastise-
ment of an enemy be attended with
riot. Fellows who neglect to give no
tice of their intended revenge are like
wolves of pretext; and their punish
ment or pardon shall depend upon the
circumstances of the case"
Upon giving notice to the Hio 10 sho
Criminal Court. the person seeking
revenge was required to state in how
many days or months he could carry
out his intention. The period assigned
was thereuDon entered in the book OF
the office, and thus the enemy's assas-
sination was legalized. The killing of
an enemy without previous notice of
such intention having been given to the
proper authorities were regarded as
murder, and so punished.
The severe criminal laws Of the Tolx-
ugawa Government were not abolished
when the rule of that famous dynasty
which had held sway in Toxic from
1903 to 1s6S-terminated. Most OF the
ancient laws of Iyeyas still remained
in force. though the Government was
eager to adopt European judicial
system as soon as. practicable
In 1870 the judicial department. as a
SPDarate hoard was
the progressive, not TO say aggressive.
Veto Shinpei, who was now appointed
Minister of Justice
Veto Shinpei, who was always ready
to attempt reforms on a grand scale.
now drafted new criminal code
which was framed after the Chinese
criminal code. All severe punishments
except that Of beheading were abol-
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1904-08-28

by the courts without an effort at sui
eide was deemed unworthy a Japan
csc gentleman. The relatives of an
accused person were always alert to
see that the imprisoned kinsman was
supplied with a suitable weapon for
self-destruction. When this was i'm
possible they endeavored TO come to
an understanding with the officer who
put the question under torture" and
who for an adequate bride killed his
charge by a too heavy hand, as If by
accident, thus saving the victims
family from ruin.
The following were reckoned as
crimes against the state, and were I'M
der jurisdiction OF the Emperor's
magistrates: The breach of any Of the
Emperor's ordinances and proclama-
tions; misconduct on the part of the
mobiles of the empire in the administra-
ton Of the affairs committed to them
by the Emperor: the embezzlement or
improper appropriation of the revenues
of the empire; the coming of counter
felt seals and money; the forcible car
rying away of women from the high
lands to the lowlands. Perjury was
also a capital offense when the object
was to deceive the magistrates in the
exercise Of their judicial authority.
The usual punishments for crimes
against the state We're burning alive;
crucifixion, with the legs in the air and
the head downward; tearing into four
quarters by bulls and, sometimes. being
cast into boiling water or oil. But
these last two punishments were abol-
fch in ha cixtaanth hxr
Iyeyas.
In feudal japan, as among all bar
barian peoples, the individuals right
to private vengeance was clearly rec
ognized, though certain rules were laid
down with the view to mitigating what
was already beginning to be recog-
nized as an evil, even in Iyeyas time
SAYS he:
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1904-08-28

and the military who enjoyed the
privilege OF suicide, the merchants,
citizens and other persons of inferior
rank being punished at the hands of
the public executioner. AS to the
Princes and upper order of nobility,
these were exempt from capital or
corporal punishment, and in capital
cases were banished to guarded ISL
ands about forty leagues from the
coast. There they lived a miserable
life of privation and toll.
After a death sentence was pro-
nounced the victims property was
confscated. But neither the EN-
peror nor the lord of the territory in
which the crime was committed
shared in the property arising from
confscation. The entire proceeds
were handed over to a public re-
ceiver, who kept an accurate account
of the. same. The money was then
appropriated for the erection of pa
godas and bridges. to the keeping in
repairs of the highroads and public
houses of worship, or to other works
Of public utility.
A supected man, especially II gull
~, was expected by his relatives to
forestall sentence of death by taking
his own life, thus saving his prop
cry for his heirs. as was done by
many a Roman under the Caesars.
The Japanese practice of "harakiri'
arose in this way, though 1t is not
clear why the custom of disembowel-
ment was established in preference to
some other form OF suicide. Many
japanese cut their own throat after
opening the bowels by a GROSSLY wise
cut. There are said to be no less
than fifty different modes Of disem-
bowelment, and all Japanese aspire to
perform the operation with great
GOODNESS and courage, which never
fails to elicit the praise and admira-
ton of their countrymen. To allow
sentence Of death to be pronounced
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1904-08-28
y JUSTICE AND CRIME IN JAPAN

punishment Of burning, exposition of
the head after decapitation. or cruel
fiXion and translation"
Murder. whether perpetrated sud-
denly in the heat of passion or as the
result of cold blooded treachery, was
punished by death, as were all forms
Of grave criminality. For such Of
lenses as have been mentioned no one
suffered but the criminal and his VIC
tim. But for crimes against the state
the criminals whole race was ex-
tirpated.
The rules OF Iyeyas are marred by
a law which, while violating no prin-
ciple of Monaghan Jurisprudence, car
ries us back in imagination to the
exceptional atrocities Of the mad Ro-
man Caesars. 1t was decreed that
The guilt of a vassal numbering his
suzerain is the same as that of an
arch traitor to the Emperor. His i'm
mediate companions, his relations
AMI all. even to his most distant con-
nections. shall be cut off and moved
to atoms, root and fiber. The guilt of
a vassal only lifting his hand against
his master, even though he does not
SSSeeSSAAAe%NC llAAAAs ID luS IL the
wife was an accomplice in the crime
she too suffered death, but If she was
innocent of it she was not condemned
to death. as were the husbands rel
atives, but was merely sold for q
slave" The rule was that women
were to suffer death only for their
own crimes; but sisters, mothers
and daughters were all sold for slaves.
Every male relative was regarded as
his brothers keeper so far as crimes
against the state were concerned, and
upon the condemnation of one male
member OF the family the others were
duly notified Of the date of his execu-
ton and were expected to rip open
their own stomachs at the appointed
day and hour, which they never failed
to do. But it was only the mobiles
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1904-08-28

which the door was shut was allowed
TO Kill them both, although the event
was attended by no more suspicious
circumstances. The husband was ex-
onerated without any proof of his
wife's infidelity. In fact, if the hus-
band happened to be away. the father
of the wife. her son, her brother or any
other relation could exercise the same
right and represent the husband. Even
male servant belonging to the house
could do the same.
Until the middle OF the sixteenth
century there was practically no limit
to the cruelty with which the peasants,
civilians and merchants were treated;
they were all alike despised by the mil
itary chiefs and their followers and
daily subjected to the grossest indigni-
ties and tortures. The slightest offense
committed by a member Of any Of
these classes was punished by death
even for theft above the value of a
penny. This law was still in force as
late as 1880, and crucihxion was still
the penalty.
The One Hundred Rules of Takugawa
Iyeyas (who came into supreme power
toward the close of the sixteenth CEN
tury) abolished many harsh customs
which had prevailed in Japan for
centuries. These rules were originally
intended principally for those who
formed the Emperor's own court-"the
military chiefs and their crossword
followers"-who were to act as execu-
tive functionaries throughout the en-
pire; but 1t was also declared that
these rules were to serve also as "a
general basis of the law of the en-
pire," which they, in fact, continued
to be until the formal abolition Of
feudalism by imperial decree in 1871.
Though criminals were no longer to
be boiled in oil or torn asunder by
bulls, the laws Of Iyeyas prescribed
that the incendiarist, the poisoner and
the counterfeiter of seals and coins
were to be subjected to the severe
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1904-08-28

ished. together with the execrable
practice Of torture.
A little later on NJ. Boissonade, pro-
lessor in the University Of Paris. was
employed as legal adviser. and was
commissioned to draft new civil and
criminal codes.
In 1873 the new Criminal Code and
the Code OF Criminal Procedure We're
promulgated, but they were not act
ually in force until 1881. These codes
were framed after the French codes.
Decapitation was abolished by the new
code. and hanging remained the sole
method Of inflicting the death penalty.
Instead Of the $50 crimes calling for
the death penalty under the old sys-
tenn, capital punishment is now threat
ened only for treason, arson. murder
and rape. OF these four arson is only
capitally punishable in cases OF a very
grave nature, accompanied with loss OF
life. Penal servitude. Imprisonment
with or without hard labor. fines and
certain police supervision are the only
other punishments inflicted for crimes
less severe than those mentioned
above. Corporal punishment. such as
fiogging or whipping, Is no longer per-
mitted. Young criminals are sent to
refOrmatories. Trial by jury has not
been adopted in Japan. Neither is there
any law of the nature of habeas cor
pus, but the Code Of Criminal Proceed
ure provides that a prisoner must be
brought up for preliminary examina-
ton within forty-eight hours from the
time of his apprehension and empOw-
ers the examining Judge to grant bail.
to the court if bail is refused.
The results Of this vast reform in the
criminal law Of Japan are being
watched with great interest by all
those who believe. with MOntesquieu
that cruel punishments are not only
needlessly severe. but tend TO incite
more brutality in the populace than
they are competent to suppress.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1904-08-28
By Maynard Shipley
W.

YTN HEN the japanese appear
IN at the dawn Of history this
Wv energetic people were alb
sorbing Chinese culture and
civilization just as eagerly as they are
now absorbing the still higher culture
OF the West.
As early as the third century after
Christ, Chinese travellers were bringing
70 the japanese the wisdom of their
ancient civilization, and by the begin
ming OF the ninth century the institu-
tons OF China had almost entirely su-
perseded the crude political and legal
institutions of Japan The elaborate
codes known as Ritsu, Rel, Kaku,
Shild were mere reproductions OF Chi
nese laws OF the Tong dynasty
Chinese jurisprudence, however, was
m-sdspted TO the exigencies Of a
feudal government, with it's semi
anarchic conditions. The growing power
Of the military chiefs weakened more
and more the authority of the central
government and by the middle Of the
sixteenth century the anarchy was
complete. An organized system OF law
had now become impossible. Each
feudal baron was a law unto himself
In japan. as in feudal Europe, every
lord or master dispensed justice in his
own affairs, territories, house or fam
fly. Like the ancient paterfamilias.
the japanese lords had their domestic
tribunals, over which the head OF the
family presided as judge and. IL need
be. as executioner. But. unlike the
Roman father, the Japanese parent
had not the power Of life and death
over his own children, though there
were certain offenses for which he
might summarily kill his wife or
daughters
A husband who found his wife with
another man in any apartment Of
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1904-08-28

trustful and calm: the Oriental with
long, narrow eyes. whose oblique,
dreamy glance is. nevertheless. ever
watchful.
To assume given expression in
stanter find two things necessary:
feMbility of feature to begin with and
a knowledge of expressions and what
they stand for. get this by studying
faces on the street. in the cars and in
fact every place I go.
The first thing that struck me about
the Western girl was her laugh Each
part of the world has its type Of ex-
preston which predominates, and this
San Francisco girls laugh is certainly
a merry one. She takes life less seri-
ously than does her Eastern sister.
To the woman Of the Latin races
tradition has handed down the ma
ternaI expression and the typical
Madonna face is Italian.
Dropping lines indicate the heavier
emotions. such as hatred. revenge, etc;
the light. mirthful. happy lines are
always upward.
The girl that half smiles at you with
a merry knowing look is "on TO your
curves" She sizes you up IN a glance.
She has a good memory, too, but she
does not take you seriously. She
smiles and forgives and never knows
that the world is hard and selfish. no
matter how long she lives.
The free and easy laugh. the absolute
confidence in ones charms. mark the
coquette whose short upper lip. indi-
cative of conceit, is easily curled into
disdain for the unappreciative one.
Even in repOse smiles and scorns Turk
here, ready on the instant to be called
into play.
The large, horizontal-line mouth,
with evenly proportional lips, charac-
terize the sterner virtues-truthfulness
justice, frmness. loyalty to a cause TO
a finish.
The Gibson girl. with her head slight
" tilted back and the mouth with its
downward curves at the corners. is the
best expression of superiority Of bear
ing. She can make you feel like apollo
giving for existing
The tremendously featured girl, with
clear, straightforward eyes, depicts
honesty Of purpose. She suffers and
enjoys life honestly and has no fake
emotions.
Tho r,aid vybo Iaurhs sDOntaneOusIv
showing regular, pearl-white teeth fitly
and frankly displayed. is sure to be a
creature Of remarkable mental balance.
The serious girl smiles hard. She
contempIates her smile before she gives
it. and she rarely laughs aloud. Add to
this deep-set eyes with dark shadows,
and the result is earnestness, wistful-
ness, introspection.
The long-eyed girl with restless -
preston is apt to be suspicious and
jealous.
The smiling habit shows a lack Of
firmness.
Women Of tremendous resolution and
concentration have calm expression
The lips are pressed firmly together
and they show little Of their teeth In
talking. or even when they smile.
The lines that indicate a love OF gos-
sip are readily recognized There is the
telItale drooD to the corners OF the
mouth, which woman's face always
assumes just after she has inquired If
YOU know the latest about Mr.. or Mrs.
so-and-so. These lines are found on
the faces Of people who tell you dis
agreeable things about your friends or
the truth about yourself.
Lines are caused by muscular con-
traction and are a most faithful and
unerring record Of our pasts.
KATE CONDOR.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1904-08-28
PHOTOS BY VAUGHAN
IND KEITH.<910
.S.,NEo,l9s..o

" VERY human face IS a book
H. OF ono thousand pages. Each
Ia cf these pages illustrates a diff
ferent phase Of character,
emotion and temperament
In assuming "a desired expression
close my eyes for moment and sug-
gest TO myself the picture Of the type
wish TO portray; in other words,
hypnotic myself for the moment into
that character There are certain well
defined types that invariably stand
for well recognized characteristics.
The Madonna type, for instance. is al
ways depicted with large, round eyes.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1904-08-28

y HEN the japanese appear
at the dawn Of history this
v energetic people were alb
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1904-09-09
Canyon Largo
Gold Mines

Good news comes from the new
Canyon Large district fifty miles
away over the hills and valleys In
Mora county Mr.. Martin, the locator
and one Of the developers OF the mines
In In town with records Of some ex.
cecdingly satisfactory sample. The
richest assay were made by Joplin
assayer. The orc was taken from
mine No. Of the Martin group. II
contains s5G0s to the ton and no Vii.
yer w. Alden Of Las Vegas made an
assay or ore taken from mine No. 2
and secured returns Of 102 ounces to
the ion. Assays were made On ore
from the same mine by Mr.. Temple OF
this city. who made tests for gold and
secured 1890 10 the ton. MT. Ogden
OF Denver secured equally good ~.
turns. From mine No assays Of $3.50
II gold have been secured. Two ex.
nert mincralogists have recently III.
yestigated the property and pronounc.
cd II very rich. The mines are easily
reached over good road from Las
Vegas.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1904-09-09
Finds New
Armor Process

PHILADELPHIA, Ia, Sept D. II
" stated tbat tbe Midsale steel com.
pany has new aecret process for
making armor plate That may reyoIu
iionize that industry is well as re-
dnce the cost u an extremely low
figure, This At least Is the belief Of
experts In the Navy Department aid
accounts for The fact that the Mid.
vale has heretofore made bids for
government contracts against both
the Carnegie and bethlehem compan.
les, although II had no plant ready
for operation IL The lime ~ bidding
What the company's new process Is
has been kept 3 profound secret. but
Il II DECLARED ilc plates will stand
every test required and can be male
for perhaps 500 ton. whereas tho
lowest priee eyer phid before vas at
Least 500 tnR
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1904-09-09

guard the wayward Walter. Every.
thing ran smooth until time for the
departure OF the eastbound passenger.
when Herman was missed. Search
was Immediately made but the miss
Ing prisoner failed to matcralIze. On
the night Of the 27th 1t was suspected
that Herman had been assisted In
escaping and W.. II Scott was arrest
ad as one of the, persons so assisting
him. on the following day an opcr-
ator was also arrested. Tho opera.
tor was released shortly afterward,
but Scott and Fox were held. The
preliminary examination Of Scott was
concluded last night, NJ y. Baker
conducting the prosecution and E. n.
Wright representing the accused.
Many Witnesses were examined and
great deal Of interesting testimony
dug np. Justice Morse bound the ac.
cnaed over under $500 bond TO await
The action Of the grand jury. And
the end is not yct.--santa Rosa sun.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1904-09-09
Baltimore Preparing Splendid
WegGosss2 For Order of EanleS

BALTIMORE. Mr.. sept. ~ Balti.
more is all agos preparing for the
great convention u tha Fraternal or.
der of Eagles. which II To Be held
here next week. The city viii be
elaborately decorated in honor OF the
visitors and nothing will be left un-
done that might add to their welcome
and entertainment. The official pro-
gram OF entertainment, beginning 10
morrow and continuing through The
week, Is as follows:
Saturday and Sunday Reception OF
grand arie members and visitors upon
arrival In the city; inspection Of the
city and burnt district; open house at
Eagles club rooms and Rathskeller.
Maryland theatre.
Monday Excursion to Annapolis
and down the Chesapeake Bay for
grand aerie and ladies': grand display
Of fireworks from Federal hill on re-
turn 0f excursion steamer Iii honor ~
the anniversary of The battle OF North
Point; reception at Eagles. clup
rooms.
Tuesday Opening of The conyen
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1904-09-09
To Promote
Arbitration

ST. LOUIS, Mo, Sept 9.-~Though
the attendance Will be relatively
small as compared 10 that of some 81
the gatherings In st. Louis this sum
mer. the meeting Of the international
Arbitration Union hcre during ihe
Two weeks beginning today. Is regard.
ed rs by far the most important con.
yentlon of the exposition period.
Those who have arrived 10 attend Tho
sessions include some 800 men Of
worldwide reputation, among them
being eminent statesmen from nenrly
eyorg country of Europe and represen.
tattyes OF tho lawmaklng bodies Of
thn Central and South American re.
publlcA Several score II iho mem.
bers Of the eongrcss Of the United
States are expected 60 take part in
the sessions.
~ its name Implies tho unl0D seeks
10 establish International arbitration
as means Of settling disputes be.
tween the nations. One of The propo
sitions that will be discussed and
which may be expected TO attract uni.
yersaI attention ls that the president
of the United States be requested 10
call q second congress of governments
similar to that held at The Hague,
for the pnpose Of negotiating arbltra
tion treaties between the United
States and foreign governments. and
between the governments Of Europe.
and also for The purpose Of consider.
Ing tho reduction or armamcnta.