The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1904-09-25

VNSlAcSI pOftanCeI 10 Inc 5WOIIu.s54 AAoTi
-'-''. portation, whether by boat or
rail, Is on the eve Of mighty change. All
machinery wherein steam Is used VIII
soon be completely revolutionary l3,Ls
The present types Of engines ION land
and sea will be so changed IN appearances nc
that at first the people will not think they
are engines Those wildernesses and
&mazes Of wheels. cranks and rods--the
mighty engines on ocIn $liners-will SUI
fer such radical transf formation that old
engineers cannot recognize their pet rrlo1l-
sters and leviathans. Enormous bulk Ill q
weight will be discarded ;$yet the power
Will be Intact. The steam will have the
The ship cannot escape It's clutch. nut
will obey and fly over the waves to Eu-
rope With GREATER speed than now. 5s3a
,rhe great supheeyal in methods Of using
steam will be the Substitution Of tur bines
for plstons The new Wonderful engines
now here will turn5and not push nd pull;
Rotary will take the place OF sreclproc &
ling motion. 5 ri Il. y II n
At present the piston In Its cylinder goes
one way, stops STILL and then travels IN
the opposite direction. The steam must
be- stoppeds flowing, reversed and made 10
flow the other way. These changes con-
sumo time and power. s5 AZ
The power used In reversing, stopping
and starting is wasted, But now comes
the long sought turbine, which does tn I
change n direction of motion; and the
steam always moves In the same gdirec-.
ton. The turbine will supplnnt the pres
ent steam machinery OF the world and
reduce reciprocating engines TO scrap
iron in due time The use OF rotary
steam engines Is spreading now WY y! =,
great rapidIty and factories are rusheu
with orders. III I'd
Everybody. has seen water wlleels-tne
old fashioned kind with paddles all around
The periphery The momentum ana
weight Of the matchmaking impact on
these Is the source OF power. they% q, a.
run by the cheapest poWer-sraVlly. bu ~
now In the turbine engine, steam at great
pressure and velocity Will rush against
The yanes and turn the shaft with great
force and speed. A long steel smart IS
supplied with graduated blades projecting
like ribs OF a fan; these are senclosed III
tight cases or envelopes like those en-.
closing ordinary blowers. The vanes may
be straight or curved, Or may nIVe a Sup,
water wheel, The cycllndrical enclosure
prevents tile steam from passing TO elther
side: so 1t must strike against the ivan e,
with full force. The shaft, therefore, a.
ways turns In the same direction,
This Is OF the highest Importance, 70
ocean liners for humping ana Vibration,
now so common, will disappear StraH =
tho engine nov ta ShoW stands Gs' out
that ali the blades and vnnes can pc az
Stached to the propeller shafts directly.
AllFthe vast space now taken up py en-
gines can be had for cargo, Seaslckness
will lose a part, at least, OF It's lerrors.
The benefits that Will accrue 20 water
Transportation are too many to 20 even
mentioned here. A new idea Is 70 nave
from two to six propellers along eas ca
| aide OF lie ship, as we'll as those N ing
rear. each propeller will be turned ny us
own directly connected turbine,
Great things are expected to follow from J,
the new plan now proposed OF having az
the propeller shafts inclined aoWll%aru.
They will tend TO lift the ship as vel! as
to nush 1t forward, II will then skim
along over the waves aftersa fashion IN
stead OF ploughing out deep llrroWs
through their bases as noW,nE meeLlns
great resistance from the water. I i:!.ls
blnes and Inclined propellers are destined
to make extensive modihcnllons ~ ma
ments the mighty new ocean liners are
expected to nsklp" from New York 20
Queenstown In 100 hours or less,
With auperheated steam at terrll|c pres
sure boat can be propelled UP 70 any
speed within the limits Of strsngth or
steel against water. A battleshlp-,.Wlth
turbjnes could ba driven at such speeds
| that 1t could overtake and sink any war
vessel now In commission, It won pe
| comparatively safe Itself; for the turbines
could he In the extreme bottom Of ship.
out OF danger OF shot and shell. suhn
marines and TORPEDO honts would become
the most appalling terrors. II forced by
hlgh-speed turbines.
Many ships are now fitted with turbines; ;
and England Ia putting some INTO wars
ships.
The time Is in sight when our railway
locomotives Will be turbines. Cylinders
viii vanish and the piston disappear,
Founding Of the rails by drivers will end.
Turbines have SO few parts and Mhese
! are SO simple. that they almost care tor
| themselves. Expenses Of running and for