davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26
RECENT COMMENT,
How star-Distances Are Measured.

Harper's Weekly.
What is the length of this room? Anyone can make
this simple measurement with two-foot rule How far
is it from this house to the the street? This
question also can be answered easily with surveyors
tape-measure But how many people think of the
possibility of measuring the distance an inaccessible
ooJecI! 10 discover how far away thing is. when we
cannot reach it in order measure the dstancetbIs
is a problem of very different kind. And when the
distant goal of those luminous which we are
sundered by the profound depths space: when that
object is not only supremey inaccessible also re-
mote to degree nearly infinite as the human mind
can grasp-in such the problem of distance is
not merely of attractive difficulty it is one that srs
the imagination strongly.
Besel was the first to solve this observational prob
lem HIS method was simple enough. We have seen
that the actual quantity of paraactc change in stars
position dimnishes with the stars distance Conse-
quently we have but to the amount of this
change in order to have at estimate the stars
distance
motion indicated by older star catalogues His
method Of observation like method destined for
conspicuous success perfectly simple Two small
auxiliary stars were selected the observa-
tion for parallax Every observing night Besse meas
ured the distance face of the sy between
each small star and the paraax judged quite
correctly that these two insignificant objects must rea m
be almost infinitely far from If such the case
they must be perfectly free from any appreciable para
Tactic Shift even according to the Copernican theory
IT, on the other hand the suspected really is near
u.s. 1t must suffer paraactc changes; these must
make it appear to swing back during the year
between the two auxiliary stars
Besse did not depend upon ordinary astronomical
telescope He was provided with n accurate meas
urng contr ance than had been used before his
time This instrument, called heltometer, specially
adapted for the most precise determination of short dis
tances the skysuch distances as those separating his
paraax star from the two auxiliary ones with it
he was able to determine exactly the paraactc changes
in his stars position; and he proved changes
satisfied perfectly the mathematical conditions gov
ern motions of this kind
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26

vantages to be gained than of the cause eS
humanity.
And it is this greed for territory. so
plainly seen. then. which is at the bottom
of the present Russo-Japanese War.
These modern wars have Hot even been
carried on in a humane manner. The wom-
en- and children kept in concentration
camps by the Englishmen during the Boer
War might tell many stories Of hair
raising cruelty.
Both sides have used all their skill and
ingenuity TO invent the most destructive
explosives.
Suffering during these wars has been as
great as ever. The splendid courage Of
the Beers was admired by the European
people, but it did not stir any of the Gov
ernments TO come TO their assistance. The
old Latin proverb. "Victrfx causa dis
placuit. sed victa Catonia," Is entirely out
of date to-day.
The propagation OF the peace idea how
ever, went on undisturbed, in theory. 1t
was better equipped then ever.
1t became truly International; it appealed
to more and more noble men and women,
but it has accomplished nothing.
1t Is called by many a chimera, but
what We cdI 50 to-uay may oeCoIne Deau-
tiful reality In a thousand years.
The idea of universal peace is to-day Ike
a mighty ocean liner-it Is thrown about
and buffeted by the waves. but it goes
ahead and will eventually succeed In
reaching port.
The time will come when war itself will
make wars impossible. but maybe not for
generations to come Science will then
have constructed such instruments of de-
strrction that no one will dare to take
the responsibility of beginning a war
Copyright. 1904 by W. r Hearst. Great
Britain rights reserved
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26
BY ELLA WHEELER WILCOX

most effective way the pupils power Of self
control? II not wherein lies the failure?
Where the remedy?
No, a thousand times 20.
There should be two-minute talks on
self-control given every day to pupils.
Each pupil should De made to under
stand what self-control is-to the ma
jority Of mature people in the world to-
day the word has little meaning.
Do you think that explicit teaching of morals
and religion is practicable or desirable?
No creeds should be taught in schools.
But reverence for the Creator Of this
mighty universe should be impaired with
such lessons as botany, natural history
and astronomy.
Remind the children that with all mans
vast learning ana power he cannot make
a single seed. or star. or animal. and
that the Intelligence which conceiveu the
worlds about and above US should be
thought of with reverence.
In morals there is no greater factor
than the self-control already mentioned.
Many people think self-control means
self-reoress!on.
Children should be taught that 1t means
controlling the unworthy impulses only;
Ereediness or selfshness is controlled, 1t
is one step toward a higher education and
toward success in life.
70 study when you feel like loafing. to
persevere with a problem when you want
to ask some one else to solve it for you,
to go directly TO school or home when you
want to lag. to shut your lips close when
you want to say unkind words. to put
your pennies in a bank when you want to
buy cantg, all those are steps toward
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26

the marves of the ages The people of all nations
are visiting day by day and learning of the Won
dcrs around about them We have here "tmekecp
of progress which eXces all conceptions of the
wonderful.
Where could such setting be found for real
celebration of the Fourth of July? Liberty Bell is
here for the first time in its history. The teaching
of the centuries is eXemplifed in degree hereto
fore unapproached by patriotic minds and hearts
st. Louis is the center of the nation. Everything
is revolving around the Exposition Let the eagle
scream i'll old-fashioned speeches and flights of
atory Let silver tongues be lOosed once more. Let
oratory have its old-time sway Let the nations at
the Fair learn and appreciate what the best Fourth
of July can be. st. Louis has not had a genuine
Fourth for long time. Break the record.
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26
HOW THE AMERICAN PUBLIC SCHOOL
SYSTEM MIGHT BE VASTLY IMPROVED.


- Idl..I, ! En- toi' The SUNDAY REPUBLIC.
c,,,taoa ,,r,'e -Npi'Ietoii u tLie University Oh
- 'l'7 en- ou' d iiS' u queSlio'is
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MP ioi 'ie lucure u
49,, "'.,'' '''' Se,ool @utlorltieS ASK
Nv. =, ''''oi ol lle PupIC III point
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26
INSTRUMENTS OF WARFARE
SOON Will MAKE C0NFLI ICT IMPOSSIBLE T


WRITTEN FOR THE SUNDAY REPUBLIC.
Many years ago knew an honest old
woman who. when she had no work to do
in her house, began to kill flies in the
street. The work was easy, but there was
no end to it. believe she is still killing
I am reminded of these words of Lessing
when I am asked about the prospects of
the Universal Peace Propaganda to-day.
From the very dawn of time wars have
been carried on between nations. civil
wars and foreign, by cannibals and civ
ilized nations. for important reasons and
for no reasons whatever.
War has become a habitual sin which
we cannot get rid of.
On the other side. the idea of universal
peace is by no means new or original with
modern idealists; 1t is an idea which has
existed for centuries, which noble-hearted
men have tried to carry out time and
again.
The Roman Emperor, Pobus, Pope Urban
II. King Henry V of France and the great
philosopher. Emmanuel Kant. have all tried
to make the world give I'D war, but none
of them succeeded.
There are signs to-day, such as the evi-
dent efforts of the Powers to regulate in a
peaceable manner the complicated affairs
in the far East, and the arbitration of the
Venezuela affair some years ago. which
have given fresh hope to the friends of
universal peace; but how is It now?
Where is to-day the much-wanted uni
versaI peace? 1t is hidden behind total
eclipse.
Thousands of guns spout fire and spread
death and destruction in the far East.
Cossacks are dyeing the points of their
lanCes in human blood.
In immense waves the armies of Russia
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26
REFORM PROGRESSIVE.

Perusal of documents published by the large
civic associations leads to conclusion that the best
informed and most active municipalities not Civ
en- to despair conditions in the United States.
Most of the large cities have fought reform battles
and many of them have developed sensational nves-
legations and disclosures; but there is sign since
the atmosphere has become clearer. that the dra-
matte climaxes pointed to retrogression
On the contrary, there signs of advancement
and betterment everywhere, and especially in cities
where reform and progress were made the issues by
the people and the officials and the candidates New
York, Chicago, Philadelphia, st. Louis. San Fran
cisco, Baltimore, Indianapolis Cleveland and other
cities, large and small, in all of the States, have
made decided headway. Some doing well with
partisan administration and others with bipartisan
and others with both.
The chief but underlying significance of the uni
versal endeavor for good government and laws is
that these results based upon the character en-
ergy and standards of communities. Cities which
not well governed and which are managed by
inefficient systems get only what they deserve. If
the citizens wish to have capable and loyal officials
they can realize their wish If they desire reform
they can have it. If they are satisfied they will get
worse than they have. If good government is OBJ
jectionable, they will go back to misgovernment
Civic associations are necessary, therefore. Their
mission is to hold up ideals and keep public opinion
enthused. They teach a community never to be sat
sfied, but to hope and work for still better cond
tons. They reach the parties through appeals to the
civic conscience and produce betterment by constant
ly impressing officials with practical ideals.
Advancement made throughout the country in the
last few years bears out the statement, which was
made when revivas were begun, that reform is pro
gressve Even the deficiencies and evils have helped
to sOlidify the municipal structure; it is doubtful
perhaps whether without adverse experiences it
would have been possible to solve the chief prob
lens so thoroughly and SC practically.
Every development is an advance. Every happen
ing or issue which stirs public opinion assists the
general movement. The only condition which re-
form and progress have to fear is lethargy. Leth-
argy denotes lack of ambition and energy, a devi-
taliZed, satisfied, hopeless community.
From this time forward special effort should he
made to educate voters into percevng that reform,
is unnecessary if they always display interest in
public affairs Reform is n change from bad 10
good. Permanent good government is the mante-
nance of reform and continuation of betterment.
There will be retrogresson if the voters will be
steadfast in their duty of understanding issues,
reading candidates and voting, not only at regular
elections, but at primaries
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26
FAMILY CONyENIENCES.

The public is now apprised of the managements
object in retaining within the Worlds Fair grounds
about 800 acres Of forest land directly south of Fes
tival Hall and the Art Palace. Announcement is
made that this reservation, with all necessary CON
vcnences will be put at the service of families and
picnic parties on and after the Fourth of July.
Forest Park which adjons the Exposition, is an
accessible resting-place; but it is outside of the
boundaries, it does not meet the desires of those
who would spend a whole day at the Fair The
grove back of the Art Palace was reserved in order
TO ohviae the necessity of paying additional ad-
mission and TO provide for the comfort of visitors II
will be a favorite resort for families and basket
lunch parties and fatigued sightseers.
The Worlds Fair is so big, in every way. that n
reStingpla"e, among the trees, in the grounds and
yet away from the throng and the show is almost
necessary. The management promises other faci
ties on and after the Fourth of July; such as free
ice water free seats free tables and free toilet
ice. These arrangements denote a liberal policy
which calls for appreciation.
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26

higher education, and they all mean self
control.
Continual brief reference TO these facts
is a basis of all worth while character
should be made in schools
1t is far more important than teaching
children 10 dissect dead animals
can YOU suggest any way in which public
school education can be more helpful in allie
waiting the condition Of the lower classes OF
society, /. e, the extremely poor and the VI
cious classes, ''the submerged tenth?'' What
II anything. be done through the schools
To lessen juvenile crime? What is your opinion
Of the value of manual training. cooking and
sewing in the public school? Why?
Manual training. sewing and cooking
are Of great Importance in the schooT.
But before the Submerged tenth" SaS>
ters the public or graded schools it Shows
have a careful kindergarten training.
All the educators and phiIanthropists
and reformers in America should band to-
gether to establish kindergartens for the
children of the poor and vicious,
In its instruction. order, system and
self-reliance are contained.
Not one child in American need be de-
prived of this advantage, were our won
derfully generous and philanthropic. peo-
pie aroused to the Importance OF the
work ,,...
their manual training advantages. and add
to the number of treachers IN those de-
partmentS.
Besides this. n thorough course of hu..
name education should become part or
every school course.
Until this is done. it is impossible to
eradicate the tendencies toward cruelty
born in almost all children and criminal
impulses born in the children of the
vicious ard selfish.
Copyring 1904, by w r. Hearst. Great Brit
ain rights reserved.
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26

day. women are dazzled and lose their
bearings for a while.
What is the remedy? It rests largely, I
think, with the church. Here is the great
educating force which should always be
ready to adapt its teaching to new devel-
opments, social and moral.
Let the great religious teachers face the
inevitable. recognize that the old order
which regulated family life has passed;
that the same mighty bonds of affection
exist. but that if the sanctity of home is
to be preserved they must be differently
adjusted. By facing facts un1inchingly
the real mischief Of the modern position
will be avoided.
Parents must understand that their re-
lations to their children demand a far
greater recognition of freedom, for both
boys and girls, when they have reached
years of discretion, but in training them
for freedom and for the exercise of their
gifts and powers, let them. from their ear
lest years. instill the invlolable sanctity
of the marriage tie. for so only can free
dom be safe. either for the state or for
the individual, so only can the sanctity of
family life be maintained. and men and
women understand their true relations to
each other and to the divine laws which
change chaos to Cosmos.
Copyright. 1904. by W. r. Hearst. Great
Britain rights reserved.
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26

! are moving eastward toward the battle
fields, where all Europe watches the mon
ster conflict with bated breath.
Immediately after the foundation of the
International Court of Arbitration at The
Hague we have witnessed four wars-the
Spanish-American, the Boer War, the war
now this stupendous far Eastern conflict,
which may yet give the impulse 10 a gen.
eral conf1agraticn.
Two of the most free and most liberty
loving nations of the world-the United
States and England-have not only carried
on war but also reaped the fruits of their
bloody victories with evident satisfaction,
untroubled by conscientious scruples.
And now even the Gar. the founder of
the great Court of Arbitration. the most
peace-loving monarch in the world. has
been forced to take up arms.
How and why has this happened?
II has happened as it has always hap
pened ever. since human beings dubbed to-
gether in States.
1t has happened because We to-day. as
much as ever, care more for material ad-
vantages than for beautiful abstract ideas.
An acre of fertile land in NIiddlesex is
worth more than magnificent estates in
Utopia or castles in Spain.
Not even an attempt has been made to
lay the questions which led to these wars
before the Court of Arbitration.
Even If we did not throw fresh fuel on
the fire. we did not try to extinguish it.
In the war against China the Powers
barely succeeded in keeping peace among
themselves. and serious friction between
the troops engaged often endangered the
joint action.
Every one Of the Powers interested
thought more of the loot and material ad-
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26
HCw whitney Reorganized New York.
turday Evening. Post

Upon retiring from Cabinet office the close of ceve-
lands first term Mr.. Whitney applied himself to an en-
terprtse which he had shaped out in the few leisure
moments that came to him in office He had previously
done than any man in its municipal history IN
drag New York City from the moral and nan-
cal bankruptcy into which administrations had
tualy reorganzed the entire city government He de-
feated and wiped from the dockets fraudulent suits
which. through the couson of officials bade fair to
rayish the ultimate dollar from the citys strong box
The Mayor and administrative officers of the municipal
government We're quite secondary considerations beside
the brilliant able and above all. honest Corporation
Counsel 1t is favore theory of mental philosophers
and students of men that versatility but
for incompetency homelier phrase Jack of all trades
and master of none is old man can tell its
origin Whitney the most versatile the pub
lie life of his time, and withal of the ablest.
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26

1t is again proved that stove-oven is not salts
factory as a safe-deposit vault A St Louis house
wife, who secreted tin box, containing valuable
papers in an Oven started fire in the stove after
returning from the Exposition grounds. Later she
missed the papers.
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26
. . . o = Q q 9 . . . + . . 90
TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO
TO-DAY IN ST. LOUIS.

q From The Republic, June q. 1879.
q The twenty-eighth annual COM
O mencement exercises of the College
q of Christian Brothers took place in
. the playground back of the col
e lege. The yaledictorian was Albert
. ]. Moore. John d. Ffnney made
= the address to the graduates.
= The State Teachers Association
. met in the Eads School. at Fff- I
. teenth and Pine streets. to witness 4
. the workings of the St. Louis kin I
. dergarten system, established by I
= Miss Susie E. Blow and supervised
. by Miss Cynthia p Dozler.
= Miss Margaret Mcdonald Of No. 4
q 2S05 Russell avenue was severely 4
= shocked by bolt of lightning that
= struck the house while she was ad-
. justing the downspout.
q A serenade was given for j. K
y Cummings at his residence, at No.
= 11O3 Exchange street, by the mem
= bers of St. Malachy's Catholic
= Church Benevolent Society. The
. occasion was the safe return OF Mr.. 4
. and Mrs. Cummings from Callfor- 4
. mia. 4
0 The fourteenth annual picnic of 4
D the Douglas School took place at 4
D Wilson's Grove, twelve miles up the 4
. river. More than 400 persons at 4
. tended the outing, which was the Z
D best the school ever had. q
n q o = q q . q q q q o . . q q 4 3
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26

The Worlds Fair officers concluded wisely in de-
termining that the airship contests should be fin
ished by September 80. 1t would be inappropriate
to have ascents in the fall
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26

1t is proposed to install a wireless telegraph line
between st. Louis and Chicago \ soundless line
would be better. there is so much noise in both
cities that only silence is audible
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26

Is there man in ST. Louis who has not been to
the Worlds Fair yet: If there is put him on exhib-
tion among the savages to demonstrate the lowness
and lowlness of decivilizatfon
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26

Magazine writer's are busy telling how news IS
supplied in Japan. 1t would be more instructive to
learn how the news is broken in Russia.
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26

The Reception Committee of the National Educa-
tional Association has prepared rules to guide visit
ing teachers" who will attend the convention This
is very necessary education
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26
New Proverbs,

PUCK.
The fool and his money are as easily parted as tn
wise and his umbrella
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26
SUNDAY. JUNE &c. 1904.

Circulation During May
". B. Carr, Business Manager OF The St Louis Re
public being duly sworn that the actual number
OF full and complete copies of the Daily and Sunday
Republic printed during the month of May 1904 all in
REGULAR editions, was as per schedule below:
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26

beautiful woman may say anything; but happily
she mostly doesn't know how.
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26

1t is decadent freedom which instead of shrieking
in crisis is content with leave to print
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26

Often by the time gets any laurels to rest on
he has contracted chronic insomnia.
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-06-26

The depraved appetite is only what might be expected
with the art of cookery holding the mirror up in the
way best calculated get thoroughly confused
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1904-01-09
Stockholders Notice.

The regular annual meeting of the
tockholders of the First National
Bank of Logan, Utah. will be held al
the bank Tuesday, January 18th, 1904,
at five p. m, for the election of dircc-
tors and the transaction of such other
business as may be proper.
ALLAN NJ. FLEMING, Cashier
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1904-01-09
Warships Quickly Get Old.

A historic warship went to the scrap
heap to-day. says an English paper.
When Alexandria was being indus.
triously pounded by British fleet a
few years ago an especially good shot
caused the Admiral to signal from
his flagship. well done, Inflexible!
At that time the lnhexible was the
pride of the navy. To-day she is SC
far behind the times that even the
junkman has looked upon her with
doubt.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1904-01-09

Emigration from the Turkish EN-
pire is forbidden. No man or woman
is permitted to leave a Turkish port
without a tschera, or permit, which
must be obtained from the police au-
thorities, and under the general in
structions and policy of the Turkish
government tscheras can not be is.
sued to subjects of the sultan.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1904-01-09
Veteran Fireman.

volunteer fire department who was
marched in the city centennial parade
was Lorns Walter, who when he re.
tired from the department in 1896 had
finished forty-eight years service in
Chicago, which followed six years
work as fireman in Buffalo.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1904-01-09
Part of the Maneuvers.

Prof. Chittenden of Yale has star.
walton squad-a corps Of men from
the regular army on whom he will ex-
pertinent TO find out on just how little
food man can do good work. lie
had to take regulars, because he could
not get volunteers for any such ex-
pertinent as that.
The Logan Republican. [volume] (Logan, Utah) 1902-1924, 1904-01-09
Arrives.
Visit to ToIstoy.

The Russian author, w. Mirski re.
Gently visited Count Tolstoy at Vas.
maya Polyana, and was surprised to
find no traces of fatigue and decrepi-
tude, although his host had just pass.
ed his seventy-fifth birthday and had
endured a long illness. He is as
vivacious, as witty and sarcastic as
ever, and talks so fast that it is diff.
cult to follow him.