davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21
FACTS REGARDING PEARLS.
Formed by the Saliva of the Mollusk
and Supposed to Be Due to
Irritation.

V The value of pearls has increased five
being the natural result of the steadily
increasing demand for this beautiful
gem. India provides us with the most
lustrous specimens, while whittier, less
lustrous specimens come from differ
ent parts of the Australian coast. Thurs
day island, in the Torres strait, is
entirely devoted to the industry. A
quarter of a century ago the inhabit-
ants of the island had not the least
idea OF the commercial value of the
pearls. and the finest specimens. which
were plentiful on the island were used
as playthings.
me collection of the pearl shells in
which the gems are found is the main
branch of the industry. They are brought
from the bottom of the sea by divers.
who go down to depth of from ten to
30 fathoms The quantity of shells
imported into London for the BIZ
monthly sales amounts to many thou
sands of pounds. They are largely used
for the manufacture of buttons, knife
handles and other purposes.
There are two divisions of pearls-ori
ental. which are found in fish, and "ba-
rooue." which are imbedded in shells and
REQUIRE cutting out. These are irregular
in shape. and sometimes rough in sur
face. The process of cutting them
from the shell is very difficult and
delicate one, and there are few men
capable Of practicing 1t with success.
The pearl is formed by the saliva of
xhe f1sh, and it is supposed that it is
due to irritation of some sort. Evident
" the fish has felt a grain of sand or
some irritating particle, and has COW
cred it with saliva, continuing the
nrocess till pearl of considerable SEE
is formed This has been ascertained,
because, when pearl is cut in two. there
Ia always a small speck in the center.
The oriental pearl is by far tie most
valuable, and round ones are in great
demand for necklaces at present. Many
attempts have been made to produce
the pearl by artificial means, without
success, though in the districts where
the fish are found large beds are set
apart for the purpose. No efforts are
made. however, to interfere with the
nrocess of nature. OF late years the
fisheries have been diligently worked,
and from the fact that no new ones
are discovered, it is safe to say that the
pearl will continue to get scarcer and
higher.-N. Y. Herald.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21

aman, or chief Of the Cossacks. The
personal escort of the Little Father is
also supplied from Cossack regiment.
The world indeed has never yet seen q
finer body Of light cavalry, and 1t is no
wonder that the Russian military au-
thorities have allowed the hardy horse
man of the Steppes to retain something
of their own method of warfare, and to
grant them a set Of regulations distinct
from those of the rest of the army.
The services that the Cossacks have
done for the Russian empire are meal
culable. 1t was they who conquered
Siberia under the leadership OF the
valiant Yermak. It was they who de-
fed the Turk and without artillery cap
tured the fortress of Azov. To them is
entrusted the most difficult of all tasks,
that of guarding the eyer-growing from
tiers against reseLtful neighbOrs. Re-
cent travellers have described the Cos
sack outposts on the borders of Man
churia perched in almost inaccessible
wilds, showing that the old duty has
been assigned to this race of frontiers
men.
No wonder the Cossack is famous
horseman. A sympathetic writer has
recently described the average career of
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21
Couldn't See the Tex.

Senator Hoar says that the late John
Sherman had no conception Of a Joke
In which opinion Gen. William r. sbeT'
man conceded heartily. Mr.. Hoar once
asked Senator Sherman to drive over
with him to see new electric car At
the same time cautioning the driver IA
De careful. The horses. he said. vera
very much afraid of the electric cars
! suppose" said the Massachnsett.
man, they are like the labor reform.
ers. They see contrivances for dom.
without their labor, and they get ver1
angry apd manifest displeasure" Mr.
sherman pondered for moment or tvo
and then said, with great seriousness.
Mr. Hoar, the horse is a very intelli.
gent animal, but it really does M,
seem to me that he can reason a. f.,
as that" AL
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21

the future warrior At the age of three
he learns to sit astride horse in the
courtyard Of his fathers house. Two
years later he shows himself on horse
back in the village street, and exercises
with his young comrades. No wonder
that at the age of 20 he seems almost to
be one flesh with the sturdy beast that
carries him. when the wife of Cos
sack, becoming a mother, went to the
church 40 days after her confinement for
the prayer of publication, and returned
homv with her son in her arms, the
father buckled a sword to the waist of
the child, and, handing it to his wife,
congratulated her on having given birth
to Cossack.''
The Cossacks were not always under
Russian government, and indeed, are
said by some authorities to have orig
mated from emigrants who could not
stand the slavery Of the Russian sys-
TEN, and preferred SO far back as the
tenth century to lead nomadic robber
life in the Steppes of the Tartars.
These nomad hordes grew In power and
number till they became a formidable
force, and as the. Cossacks, or free
men," were more friendly to their Rus
sian kinsfolk than to the Tartars, they
gradually formed as convenient buffer
state. They elected their own atamans
(hetmans) or chiefs till the beginning
Of the present century; they owned
large herds Of cattle and many of them
attained considerable wealth. AS they
grew in power they probably absorbed
Tartar and Circassian stock. Those in.
the neighborhood Of the Don and Dnie-
per became skillful boatmen and fisher
men, though at least till the days of
Yermak they gained the major part of
their livelihood from piratic attacks
upon Russian merchantmen plying on
these rivers.
Under the present regime there are
no less than 81 regiments Of Cossacks,
under II main tribal divisions. Chief
Of these are the Cossacks of the Don,
who give name to province Of mil
lion and a half Inhabitants These were
the most ready to resume the Russian
yoke and show most adaptability to
civilization. The Cossacks Of the Don
supply two regiments and one battery
Of horse artillery to the guard, IL regi-
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21
Cossacks Of the
Russian Army and
Their Work xxx
The Best Horsemen in the World. and the
Strongest Part Of the Cars Army

ments and seven batteries to the cav
alry proper. and three Independent
suuadrons. The personal escort OF the
car is supplied by the Cossasks OF the
Kouban and the Terek. The following
are the names of the II main divisions:
1. Cossacks of the Don.
2. Cossacks Of the Kouban.
8. Cossacks of Terek.
4. Cossacks Of Astrakhan.
5. Cossacks Of the Oural.
6. Cossacks of Orenburg.
Z. Cossacks of Siberia.
8. Cossacks of Semirietchie.
9. Cossacks of the Transbaikai.
10. Cossacks of the Amur.
IL. Cossacks of the Ussuri.
At Russian military reviews the Cos
sack always plays notable part. In
other respects the Russian army 10
much like that Of other continental
powers; but the Cossack has his own
manual Of instructions. Every member
of the squadron is a trick rider, who
could put the cleverest circus acrobat
to shame; and the firing exercises in
troduce features which only clever
riders with clever animals could per-
form. In one of these tricks the pony
lies down and forms "cover" for its
rider. On campaign this unique skill
is largely in evidence, and tae enemy
is COMPOUNDED by various forms OF
tricks. On campaign, moreover, the
Cossack Is particularly useful, as he IL
accustomed to scanty food and extreme
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21
Gable Rates.

In the early days Of submarine cables
the minimum tariff was 500 for 20
words and S. for each additional word.
This Was reduced after few years to
$25 for ten words. In 1872 a rate of one
dollar a word was introduced. The
word-rate system proved popular and
was soon established universally.
Since 1858 the cable rate across the At
and the tariff now ranges from that fig
ure to five dollars word between Eng
land and Peru. The average for the
whole world is one dollar word
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21
Large Fungi.

From an account of large fungi found
in France in 1902, it appears that lyco-
perdons 20 to "a inches in circumference
larger even than this, and one from I'M
freville is reported by NJ Maurice Touze
to have been rs inches high and nearly
eight feet around, the weight being "a
pouroS.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21
One Years Shipbuilding.

According to published statistics of
last years shipbuilding, the number of
vessels launched in the whole world was
2.441, with a tonnage of 2679, 531, and an
indicated horsepower 1852, 4S5. More
than one-haff the new tonnage of 1908
was produced within the United King
dom. With the exception of the United
states, no foreign country launched an
aggregate tonnage equal to the Clyde
alone, which built during the year 277
vessels Of 446.S69 tons.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21
CLIMBING THROUGH ZONES.
From Tea Plantations to a Climate
Of Northern Roses and Vio-
lets in Sixty Minutes.

There are two places in the world
tropical. subtropical and temperate
zones inside of an hour.
Hawaii is one and Darjeeling, in
Northeastern India, alongside of little
Nepal, is another.
In both these places the trick is done
by climbing up the high mountains
In Hawaii the traveller starts with the
warm breath of the Pacific tanning him
and the smell of palm trees. He passes
for space by grea. clusters of trop-
ical fruit, and as he mounts the trees
change, until he is in the kind of seem
cry that may be found in the south
ern United States. Still he climbs, and
soon he notices that it is much cooler
and that the character of the scene has
changed to one that reminds him of
the temperate zone, with fields in which
potatoes and other northern vegetables
are growing
In Darjeeling the change is still more
wonderful. The entrance to TIE table
land, on which the little mountain CITY
stands, is through a dark, somber from
ical pass. full of mighty palms, and
hung with orchids and other Jungle
growths. After awhile the trees change
from palms to the wonderful tree ferns.
These alternate with banana trees, un-
til. after more climbing, forests are
reached that are composed of mag
nolias and similar trees Through these
magnolias the way leads ever up. and
all at once, over an open pass. there
come to the view immense thic]kets Of
Hima)ayan rhododendrons and the ever
green of frs and cedars; and beyond
stand the white, grim. snow-clad frozen
mountain peaks like arctic iceberps on
land.
In less than two hours q traveller can
ascend from orchids through jungles to
tea plantations, and thence to a climate
Of northern roses and violets.
Statistics Of Public Debts,
In round numbers the public debts Of
the various countries of the world
amount to $34,3S9 900, 900. OF this
AMOUNT France, United Kingdom, Ger
many. Italy and Spain. owe SIT 900, OOO,-
900. France owes IS, 1856, OOO, 900, or $50
per capita; the United Kingdom, 1885,
1000, or $92 per capita; Russia, So .33333s,
DOC. 1000, or 1924 per capita; Italy, $780,
900, 900, or $S1 per capita; Spain, $2,O61,-
100000, or $110 per capita: the German
empire and German states, So 1885,, OOO. 600,
Or $50 per capita; the United States, $685.
100000, of $11 per capita Japan has debt
# $206, 00O, 900, representing 81. 70 per cap
ita. The United States is the only coun-
try in the world able to borrow money
at two per cent The highest interest
charge per capita is the SOFA for Aus
tralia. That Of the United States is only
S. cents per capita
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21

The Russians are making pilgrimages
to Saroff in order to pray to st. Sera-
phim, canonized by the car as miracle
worker, says the Louisville Courier
Journal. Has little Japan already
brought Russia to her knees in supplica-
ton for miracles?
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21
Railway Ties from Leather.


The latest form of railway tie Is
made of leather. The scrap leather
from shoe shops is taken into dis
integrator, ground very fine, subject
ed to refining process and nodded. The
tension of the molding machine can be
so regulated that ties hard enough to
take a spike, or ties through which
q spike cannot be driven, can be
produced. The three great essentials
in a cross tie are apparently found in
this leather sleeper, for it is guaranteed
to hold a spike, the fish plate will not
splinter in it, and it will not rot. It
might also be added that in the case of
elevated roads it may serve to deaden
the. noise of passing. trains. Sample
ties, which have already been down %
months, fail to show the least wear.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21

The gables are shingled with dimen-
sion shingles. The roof rafters are COW
cred with sheathing boards and have tar
paper between the roof and the shingles.
The roof shingles are of cedar, and all
shingles are stained dark olive green
color
Body of first story is painted dark
olive green color, and all trimmings are
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21

proved the act Of congress Officially con-
Meeting the United States with the ax-
position. and 10-cent. brown. bearing a
United States map showing the territory
Of the purchase.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21

ms slx-rcom house will cost 81, COO,
i Quilt upon stone foundation.
Ihe sizes of rooms are: Living
room IL by 81 feet; dining-room. - by
20 ieet . inches; kitchen, 10 by II feet;
chambers, II by Is feet, 13 by Is feet 6
lncnes and 10 by 16 feet inches; bath
room . feet by 10 feet inches; pantry,
Wy 1eet and 5 by feet; hall by Is
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21
Don't Worry.

II the bill collectors would all join
the Don't Worry Club" life would be
much more endurable.-N. o. Times
Democrat.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21

In white. The brick chimneys, showing
above roof, are faced with yellow press
brick
All glass is American double thick.
Flashing is of tin.
First and second story are feet
high. -
Basement contains laundry and coal
room. 81
All finished hardware is of neat de-
sign.
The two mantels shown are of wood.
All closets are large and have hooks
and three shelves
The doors are five cross-panel doors.
Finished floors are yellow pine, oil
finished. The roof of balcony is timed.
Veranda floor is made of 11s stuff, hav-
ing tongues and grooves well loaded.
All material used throughout in the
construction of this home is of good
klnd. GEORGE A. w KNIT.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21
Electricity.

Electricity and magnetism seem to
be disturbances of ether just as wind
and sound are disturbances of the air.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21
Conspiracy Fooled.

Gen. Kuropatkin's hold over men is
due to his reputation for absolute fear
lessness. Five years ago he received the
information that the great powder mag
azine at st. Petersburg and that at
Toulon (France) were to be blown up
within hours. The guard was in bed
when he heard the news, but he at once
got up and started for st. Petersburg
without losing a moment. He sum-
moned all the staff of the magazine and
went on around ofinspection. He found
everything In order, and as proof of
his satisfaction ordered every one in
the magazine to take three days holiday
and to leave at once. He then collected
a new garrison and new stan and set
ring of sentries all round the maya
zine. The consequence was thatnothing
happened to ST. Petersburg magazine,
but that at Touion was blown up the
next day.
Forgot His Native Tongue.
: A recent traveller in arctic Siberia, Mr.
Vanderlip, a gold hunter, tells the fol.
lowing OF MS return 10 clvlnzatlOn:
found that half a dozen of the officers
and men of the steamer which my en-
ployers had sent for me had come to hunt
me up. The captain dismounted and
tried to address him in Russian, but he
said: You forget that speak Eng
lish.' Now it may seem scarcely credi-
BILE, and yet it is true, that for few mo-
ments was totally unable to converse
with him in my native tongue. had
not used word Of it in conversation for
and my low physical condition
acting on my nerve, confused my mind
and spoke tumble of English, Rus
sian and Korak 1t was week before
I could talk good, straight English
again"
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21

cold, while no better forager has yet
been discovered in the armies of Eu-
rope The army Of Napoleon on it's re-
treat from Moscow had only too good
reason to regret the proves of this
nimble scout, who harassed the dis
pirited tanks of the once victorious
army. On the first day of the Russo
Turkish war of 1877 a Cossack regiment
covered 70 miles in "a hours to secure
an important bridge, and the latest re-
ports from Korea show that Cossack
scouts have made daring dashes to the
south. in spite of the immense superb
GRITTY Of the Japanese forces In the tri-
angle of Seoul and Pingyang and Wen
san.
A remarkable feature of the Russian
and Cossack soldier is his insensibility
to pain. In the Balkan struggle men
suffering from incredible wounds used
to march stolidly to the ambulance, so
that soldiers left in the fighting line
should not have to be detached to carry
them away
"A good story, though not strictly Co.'S
sack, Is told of the soldiers in redoubt
IT iSebastopol who were about to par
take of the usual soup from the usual
pail: A shell fell in their midst, but
cool-headed Russ ran, and dropping 1t
into the pail, cried: Welcome, Maria
Ivanovna, and taste our SOUP"
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21

feet; veranda, by 10 feet; balcony, 6
BY 10 feet.
There is main stairway and a
closed rear stairway. The dining-room
mas fireplace and bay window.
The living room has a fireplace and
cased opening leading to hall.
Kitchen has sink, cement wainscot-
ing and oak floor. All finished in yell
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21
Lord Kitchener.

Capt. Won Tiedmann. German Of
fcer, read a paper before the Military
society of Berlin recently in which he
had this to say of Lord Kitchener:
"One of the reasons why he is not
well liked is that when of duty he does
not fall into the unconstrained, famil-
lar manner common among English Of
hcers. A soldier body and soul. his
instinct tells him that it is not right.
He seemed insensible to personal dan
ger, but there is nothing of the bravo
In him. His march into Omdurman
was not much better than foolhardi-
ness. There was something almost hu-
morous in his calmness when, for ex-
ample. with shots flying in all direc-
tons. he stopped to light a cigarette
and carefully watched the smoke to
see from which direction the wind
blew"
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21
WHEN THE JOKES ON Is.

We can get a lot of giggle from the cares
of other folks;
We can pluck lot of pleasure from our
own delightful Jokes;
We can laugh to beat the mischief when
the other fellow slips
On fresh banana peeiing, as adown the
street he trips;
We can smile smile of rapture at fell
low creatures muss,
But it's quite another story when the
a. Jokes
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21

UST as a king of England
found it good policy to call
his heir Prince of Wales, so
a Russian car propitiated
his most intractable subjects
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1904-05-21
wanted-A Few Miracles

Baltimore American.
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-04-10

fs as,sI s
souri, with % otce W in isciede buiidins. st. Louis
No. with capital s,sck Of sloc ocS dxidsd u e into into
and the other half TO be called on as the COM
D+ny Tsere s tss ss treasury
.a With n Inc oS esre eSpS sr5 r. hotel t s
may be necessary for advertising. promoting
The officers Of the company will be expert.
ensed hotel men rns company ,. !: to ega ,ha
u. p%eras shf f.r ana
4ssr. h.py Ssss s 81 the snd g. I
This hotel win be located west Of Kings hiSh-
after p'a the Fs9r This hotel is going to Se run
se se t ssosshoides ''7 We are making a popular
subscription stock
for we e. ss.. MoH ot
for $500: housekeepers for sae;. . head waitsrs n
II j. understood ths, no emp,oyss can bold hesa
holders because We believe in unity there ID
strength. and can make money on their invest
ment ..
We t IN sb fs n
Of stock and who .iI % send their guests % IT, e stop
VIII II. u, sa>a wh1n maa. u st Mis-.
sour Rental oS Iss to sSPpy .r Us ta
bureau. and give Us their guides. 50 that no
guests who come to stop with Us win 20 astray
while In 81. Louis.
business. Inc % and that viii b profitable to the
stockholders
Our contractor agrees to deliver to US the
hotel ready to be occupied by the 18th OF July
This win be ample time for the great rush
to be able to handle 500 to 1000 guests q day
The restaurant and cafe department VIII BE- as
Ser shop, billiard hall and bowling alley viii
b. equipped in the latest style and equal @
bath departments will be separate and distinct.
fer ladies' and gentlemen and open all the Time
Ii will be exclusive the hiGh-class aristocraf-
n YOU are interested in this proposition. will
be glad 10 furnish you further details and make
selections for your positions that you may b
most adapted for. We remain.
THE TEXONION HOTEL CO..
7 h,,ffd Uxot,fa 10
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-04-10

STOCK for saIe-Ioooo shares Treasures
Company OF Cripple Creek Colo: also 'o,.OG
shares Of the Lincoln Copper Mining Company
Of Butte. Mont. near the great Anaconda
on continuously. with fine showings Of ore
these no fakes or prospects. but good. safe.
legitimate Investments that ] fully rec
omnrnd. ! have here samples OF the ores;
which show for themselves. Photographs of
he seen at my office. 1i5 =. Fourth St. under
Southern Hotel I also have few shares OF
good snrind Industrial stock for sale. that is
selling % per cent above par and will pay THIS
wear Is 20 per cent interest oil par value
j. r. Drury Stock Broker.
WANTED-Verde Crande copper stock, give
lowest price: address Box Sll. ST Louis. Mo-
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-04-10

FOR Sale or Lease-The very best
Worlds Fair hotel proposition can be
bought on terms that will give a profit
OF from 80 to 100 per cent: party must
pay $4,000 down and balance as may
be agreed upon. Ell. 40. Republic.
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-04-10

PATENTS and new inventions promoted and
sold. Lucas e. Co. $50 Chestnut
PATENTS secured: free report on pstentabi!-
ity and commercial value. write for Inventor
Uspd Book Shepherd & Parker. s5 Revenue
building Washington. ID. c.
PENS IONS. bounties etc no fee unless sue
cessfui: all notary business. A. II. Prefer. "a
pozzoni building. S2I Chestnut st: h ls5..
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-04-10
GULL & co.

Price.
grocery and bakery: rent S2s ..-............S $50
grocery: rent xl2 400
Twenty-room house: have lease ............ 500
Lunchroom. on good corner 100
SiT-room house: rent SIS: lease ...-........ 500
Saloon. grocery and nve rooms large hall;
rent $50: have lease: bargain.
Pooron: rent $40 /, 100
TWenty-room house on Locust st............ 100
Nine-room house on Olive st............. at 100
Ten hotels twenty rooms up ............. 49,.
Ten-room house on Garrison ............ 500
Sine-roora houee on Morgan .....,.. 45o
Fcurteen-room house Olive ......,,.. 200
Twelve-rpom house. 1850 west .............. f0S
3-room hotel. have lease; barEain.
Ten-room house on EuGenta .......... l. 900
Twenty-Five saloons, from $3.50 mp.
We have bargains all over town
The St. Louis Republic., 1904-04-10
Re,taurant Privilege. for Sale.

Restaurant privileges. Including liquors. In
Cummins's Indian Congress- the Pike. Call
at room 206 De Soto building. 70S Pine st.