davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1904-05-14
STRICT ENFORCEMENT or
LAW IN NEW ZEALAND

The factory inspectors of New yea
land cannot be trifled with, evaded.
bu1lied or bought. Here are a few of
the cases where they punished those
employers who disregarded the law:
One employer was fined $40 for work.
ing his girls overtime for two success
sive weeks. Another was fined $40 and
costs for not allowing one Of his 7fe-
male employees a ulhlour for dinner.
A baker who kept his own daughters
working all night on one occasion, was
arrested as soon as the inspectors
learned the fact and charged IS fol
each girl,( with the warning that he
would be fined $50 for the next offense
A restaurant keeper who worked his
| mattresses overtime one day was fine6
$36. The laws, however, are literally
interpreted and administered with com.
| mon sense. If there were an unexpect.
ed crowd of people in town, an employ.
| er who asked his workers to work over.
| time and paid them satisfactorily fo1
1t would not be molested by the in.
| spectors. The people who pay the fines
are those who wilfully or continual,
| disregard the law.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1904-05-14

sCI4HAiIST5 ND ID EslAYEE
Anxatlnaier.sll 81 q. s q 1Ftfst. AXe.y
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1904-05-14

H. c. Barter, general secretary treas
urer OF the International Longshore-
men, Marine & transport. Workers as
ISOLATION, has sent a circular letter to
the various locals, including Duluth,
to be read at the next meeting. . The
circular cautions the members to be
slow in making new demands and
gives reasons why. The circular is as
follows:
MANY indications point to the fact
that the extreme height Of prosperity
which the country has been enjoying
has been reached and a gradual de-
preston is setting in. Many indus
tries have already practiced the sual
form of retrenching by reducing wages
and help. In some instances this re-
trenchment policy has laid off thou
sands Of workers. Railroads are re-
ducing. help on every pretext, and IN all
lines of trade where condi make
the chances Of success highly prob
able wages are being cut.
Predicts Dull Year.
''This is also a presidential election
year, and business is always dull dur
ing such times. The general conditions
throughout the country furnish ample
warning to all workers not to attempt
to gain an Increase in wages that
would tend to open rupture with their
employers. With the volume Of BUSH
ness on the decrease the markets fail
ing and the costs of raw material in
creasing, it Is very unwise to attempt
to fly in the face Of such unfavorable
conditions, and these conditions GER
tainly do not favor strikes.
"The reasons why employers should
not attempt reductions Of wages are
equally strong and apply with equal
force. The wages Of the workers
business. A reduction in output re-
duces the earnings Of the workers, and
the high cost Of living reduces the pur-
chasing power of their wages: During
times of adversity;; the: losses to-. any
business because of reduced output is
legitimate loss, one that every busi-
ness man must take into consideration
and discount when he e1nbarks in bust
ness. Nevertheless, at these times the
eyes of the employer turn yearningly
toward the wages Of the workers as Of
fering a chance to recoup in whole or
part losses that have been shared by
the wages.
Warning to Unions.
1.-THE chances Of gaining increases
in wages during times: Of depression
are very slim and attempts to force
wages up are foolhardy and often re-
suit in losing all of the advantages and
advancement that have been gained by
years Of hard work. The union itself
becomes imperiled. The full power Of
the union is needed: to protect its, mem :.
hers against reductions. Its:rssources
should not, be taxed: to: support UNI
wise attempts to force UP wages In the
face of unfavorable conditions.
"A very valuable lesson for our
members to learn is to get on the de-
fensive and off the offensive during
hard times, or when hard times are
about to become the order. The inn
portance of this line Of action and the
benefits sure to follow cannot be too
strongly impressed upon the minds Of
our members.
Locals should protect what they
have gained and strain every nerve to
that end. The chances Of losing some
Of their gains, as depression con-
tinues, are greater than the chances
Of gaining more"
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1904-05-14
y,

from fund to assist q berss III
distress dist through being ,lnemin SoW-|
ms ltls to- l the in the doal trade
=of the state. 7>'' .,. ;: ( 1. &s 4: /
AT Lyons, France, 10000 employees in
the silk trades have struck work, their
demand being for an increase in wages
and shorter hours. Efforts have been
made to effect settlement. -,
Inc United States Protective society
OF sidney, Australia, has resolved to
: raise the minimum wage from SITS ia
81 per day of eight hours. 49,
There have been strikers riots i'm Ar
: MENUS France, in which many people
were injured
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1904-05-14
FOREIGN LABOR NOTES,

In Russian factories 1874 per cent of
the workihgmen know how to read and
write. In towns 1922 per cent of the
peasants are educated. In certain fac
tories children of 10 to IA work on con-
dition that they attend the school con-
nected with the factory thret or four
hours daily. The factory population is
composed almost exclusively of peas
ants from Ii to 80 years Of age, one
fourth Of whom are women. The work.
man reaches the limit Of his possibili-
ties at 30, and is usually a wreck at 49,
In the ten years of its existence, the
Wood-W orkers' union of GERMANY has,
secured reductions in the working hours
Tor about $4,000 members OF the craft.
and has raised the wages Of over 81, 900
on an average Of 10 per cent. In hum
dreds OF cases where reduction of wages
was attempted by the employers, they
have been successfully resisted, and in
over 200 cases improved conditions
have been secured without resorting to
strikes. In ten years the organizat ton
has paid out III benefits $40, 900 in round
numbers, and expended about $500, 900
min support Of strikes and trade move
ments. 49,: - =.
A>recent report OF the British labor
department shows that the settlement of
labor controversy by arbitration is
growing in favor In the United King
dom. During last year 451 disputes re-
speeding wages We're settled by concil->
lation boards tand <176 by the parties
themselves. Wage : earners. received
much less than in 1901, but taking the
period Of ten years. from 1893 to 1902,
the: whole OF the time of the statistics
have been collected, there was a, slight
average increase, . about" Z pence, per
per head per week. : :..~ .. :: =
Japan has a.federation of labor with
almost 10000, members, writer from
the land Of >Mikado claims: He writes
that this organization has been" strug-
Cling for improved conditions for: the
working class III Japan, and its efforts
are, being, rewarded by the enactment
! Of factory law regulating hours of la
Dor, age Of workers. ct c.; and coInpell-
| ing EMPLOYERS to- be- consid erateX Of the
! health and: safety Of their emp1o yes. s
Coop Grafton Us -four fishing In Scotland.
All the quarterly meeting of#the Scot
fish Coop i've holesale society=re re-
cent? al was stated that the total bust
E . done Tor = e9os amounted to 6;395,4S7
I#pound Increase 81 1886, 36S; equal Ito
=5. percent. the PROD uctive efforts
lswere Yalued Hattaa u u.s. pour
Wort ern Col He.r!y, fedl
lion lgewzs South wales Austral-E
tiaY = 1dg
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1904-05-14
WOMEN AND CHILDREN

The extent to which women have en-
tered the field of trades unionism is
no tgenerally appreciated by the peo-
pie Of the United States. It is stated
that there are $4,000 women unionists
in Chicago alone. Many Of them have
strong unions and are reaching out to
organize their sister workers in indus
tries where there are no unions. <;
1t has been agreed that the Alabama
Contamination board shall rule that
no boys less than IA years old shall be
allowed to enter the mines in the Bir-
n1ingham district.
Massachusetts, forbids a woman to
work over 60 hours a. week in a textile
factory, and Pennsylvania forhids the
boys Of ten to work lin or about the
mines, whatever he, his parents and
employers WILL
Kentucky is rigidly enforcing child
labor law.
The French government employees L.
$50 workmen and $4,000 women in the
state tobacco factories. =.
Mississippi has child labor law,
passed recently, which provides that
children under IL years Of age shall not
be employed In any factory, that no
child under Ia shall be employed to do
uight work, and that no minor can be
employed without an affidavit as to
his age and the written consent Of his
parents. Violators Of the law. are Ii
able to fine Of $500 and imprisonment
for six months. ~'@.: y =,
| The scientific and domestic education
Of women in Russia is perhaps in ad-
| vance of any other nation. For fifty
| years or more Russian women have
| been admitted to diplomas in medicine
| and surgery, and the greatest facili-
ties have been extended for: the employs
ment OF them as clerks in government
offices. -: Z: - 81: .-:.: Z:
! There Is no European country II
which women clerks are more employed
than in France. It is rare to: enter d
French shop and find a man serving as
+ an accountant. TX
The newsboys of. New York City have
Eorganized an association. = ~ -
/. Orange, N. =, dornsss servants are
forming e. union. :. Il .s%@Ij TX :. -: -
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1904-05-14
'H / BARTER WARNS
p. ........|.lONGsHORE:; UNIONS
TELLS THEM TO BE. SLOW: IN
MAKING DEMANDS.

This years conditions Do Not Warrant
Extravaganza demands. Also Asks
that no Attempt Be Made BY En-
pioyers to reduce Wages. Duty Of
Unions to Now: Protect What ;: They
Have Gained: = - .-~-z c.*:.,: ::
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1904-05-14

GET YOUR WATCHES
Repaired at r. A. Pinto, 1904 w. Sup.
Street..
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1904-02-06
THE SMOKE NUISANCE.

At the recent meeting Of the Indiana En-
King read a paper on Smoke Prevention"
in which. after reviewing various devices
and methods, he reached the conclusion that
the mechanical stoker is the solution of the
smoke problem. There seems TO be prac-
teal consensus Of opinion among engineers
to this effect
The phrase Smoke consumption" is some
what misleading. and is probably response
bic for much waste of time and many
worthless devices. 4 more correct phrase.
and what investigators and inventors should
aim at is smoke prevention. 1t has been
practically demonstrated that this can be
accomplished by an automatic stoker so
constructed as 10 work much more intelli-
gently and satisfactorily than the average
hired stoker.
One great source of the smoke nuisance
is the unwillingness of manufacturers and
property owners to incur the necessary ex-
pense to avoid it, Given cheaply constructed
boilers. cheaply constructed furnaces and
cheap stoker, and smoke is inevitable. The
last is probably the most prolific cause of
all. Even with soft coal the feeding can be
done in such way to reduce the smoke
TO minimum while getting better heat re-
suits but it requires intelligence. watchful-
ness and strict attention to duty, and a
cheap stoker is not apt TO possess these
qualities.
There are automatic stokers in use in
some cities which practically prevent the
generation of smoke by intelligent feeding.
The problem is not one of difficult solution.
and there Is no reason why this city should
be compelled to submit to the smoke nuis-
ance under the pretense that there is no
way of preventing II.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1904-02-06
THE RUsso-JAPANEsE SITUATION.

Those who have become tired following
the Russo-Japanese negotiations in the
hope OF reaching some conclusion regard
ing the situation and the probabilities of
war will be relieved TO learn that IL is mar
rowing down to one man. This is Admiral
Alexieff, of the Russian navy, and, since
1899. administrator general and viceroy Of
the Russian province of Kwang-Tung. This
is the territory adjacent to Port Arthur
and Talienwan, which was leased by China
to Russia for a period Of twenty-five years
from 1899. and which, of course Russia will
never surrender. Since he was placed in
command there with the title of viceroy,
Admiral Alexieff has had supreme control
of Russian interests in the East, and has
been very much in evidence.
From time to time the dispatches have
stated that Japan would take no further
steps without hearing from Viceroy
Alexieff; that Russia had submitted her
latest note to him. that the settlement of
this or that question rested with him, that
he was empowered to declare war at any
moment If he saw fit. etc. Now ii is
stated that Russia's response to the latest
Japanese note has been forwarded to Vice
roy Alexieff, and If he approves it ii will
finally reach the Toxic government on Mon
day.
1t can hardly be possible that the Rus
sian government is placing the grave issue
OF peace or war in the hands OF man not
in personal touch with the Car and his
Cabinet counselors. 1t is more likely that
viceroy Alexien is acting in the double
capacity of spy and go-between for Rus
STA with secret instructions to work for
delay and try TO beat Japan by ndirection
and duplicity. He may be a very able and
patriotic man. from a Russian point of
view but IL does not seem probable that
an autocratic ruler like the Car would
give him authority to approve or disap
prove OF an official paper which had al
ready passed under the Cars personal SUI
pervision.
II may be that the alleged submission OF
Russia's answer TO Viceroy Alexiefr is
simply a ruse 20 gain time. prolong the
correspondence and befog the situation.
IF the viceroy approves the note" says
the dispatch, lit will reach the Toxic gov
eminent on Monday" II he does not APP
prove IL IL will. OF course. be returned TO
ST. Petersburg for alteration. and there
viii be more palavering. IL he forwards the
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1904-02-06
A Primary Scholars Essay.

The lungs are pinkish and spongy. We have
one lung in our body. They are the same color
When We die lungs go TO different things
and the people who are bad they go TO the bad
man and set burned up. Our sold goes TO
heaven. but our lungs do not. When Of
the peorle go to the bad everything gets
burn up.
The lungs are pinkish and spongy because 1t
is their color. We have lung because we
ought TO have one lung. They are the same
color because they stay the same color only
when we die they change different When we
die our lungs turn to different colors because
they can't stay the thing all the time.
The people who go to the bad man is be-
cause they ought to be good. Our sold goes to
heaven because it ought TO go. Some people
that goes TO the bad man is because they ought
10 be good like the ones that go to heaven.
We breathe pure air in so that the bad air
can go and let in the pure air so that II can
clean our lung out "-Philadephia Telegraph
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1904-02-06
How to Pronounce Seoul.

How is Seoul pronounced? With the attention
of the world centered on Korea. thousands of
persons are trying to pronounce the Of
the capital Of the country which is now the
Oriental storm center And all the persons who
are trying to pronounce the name equally
successful for authorities support nearly every
possible pronunciation.
When in great haste men who have lived in
Seoul usually call it 'sool." and this pronuncia-
ton has many advocates. 1t is the simplest
but not smart some others.
'Se-owl" is another pronunciation, and
''See-oor' is much in favor. These three are the
favorites, but are subject TO an infinite number
Of variations Washington Times.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1904-02-06
Educational Notes.

College Journalism introduced by Daniel
webster at Dartmouth College over 100 years
ago. Fourteen colleges in the United States
now publish newspapers every week day Col
lege Journalism is practically unknown in any
other country.
The alumni Of Northwestern University have
succeeded in collecting all but S. 600 OF the $780,
600 fund for a new gymnasium.
Regarding the objection TO football the Edu-
cational Review cites number OF facts which
prove the absurdity of some OF the objections
IL gives authoritative statement that only one
player In thrty-hve is sufficiently injured each
season to necessitate the loss of time from, COL
lege duties
William e. Huntington has formally accepted
the presidency Of the Boston University. but h.
VIII not be inaugurated until next October
Plans are being prepared for new college
library at Belolt.
The attendance at the University of Michigan
is estimated at 406s.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1904-02-06
They stopped Chewing.

II is not often that gum chewing is denounced
from the bench of the Supreme Court, but there
is at least justice who is decidedly opposed
to the habit. The jaws of several jurymen were
working rapidly in the courtroom in Brooklyn
recently while counsel summed up a case. AS
the lawyer sat down. Justice Marean fixed his
eyes the jury box and said in tones that in
Dictated displeasure:
II have had occasion once before to speak
of gum chewing in the jury box 1 do not mean
anything personal. but 1 wish to say that 1
think the habit unworthy of the position of a
Juryman. That is ALL"
The Jaws stopped working. and the case
went on.-New York Evening Post.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1904-02-06

TWO and a quarter tons of whalebone have
been sold in Dundee for $4,000 ton, and only
four tons left outstanding in the world s
supply. There is no corner in this picturesque
commodity. The demand has outrun the supply
50 rapidly that in seventy years the price of
whalebone has risen from IL cents to nearly
81 a pound. Yet never in the greatest years OF
the whale fishery did any vessel make many
captures as were reported by the Newfoundland
whalers in the past season. An average catch
Of somewhat more than two hundred whales
apiece was certainly a remarkable achievement
;or four vessels but It does not presage re-
turn Of the picturesque industry which fifty
years ago made Nantucket and New Bedford
great. The whale fishery is simply going
through the same process as many another In
dustry in the past-Coliers Weekly.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1904-02-06
What Doctors Make.

There about 100000 doctors in the United
States or about for every $50 people. 1t
has been approximately estimated that the av-
erage yearly income of these men is $3.50, or that
the public in the country pays $3.50. 600 annu-
ally for medical attendance, emitting entirely
the money spent for patent medicines. which
bring millions of dollars to manufacturers. or
the amounts spent for Doctors prescriptions. or
paid 10 quacks and commercial doctors. The
preparation for the practice OF medicine that
gives man a good standing In the profession
means an expense of, literally speaking, $4,000
for four years in a reputable medical school,
$1,000 for general expenses during two years
hospital service, and perhaps another $1,000 for
setting up in practice. year or two in Eu-
rope is also a help-Leslie's Monthly.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1904-02-06

whenever college undergraduates are tempted
10 paint the town red or to indulge in silly and
riotous conduct which brings discredit upon
their college. they should remember the simple
truth that the public has the right to expect
that they will be not more lawless but less law
less than other young men, and that so far
from being able to claim exemption because
they are in college they deserve more severe
censure on that account if they make them
selves a nuisance to society.
Ana college graduates who shirk the response
oillties OF citizenship who are too busy or too
pieasure-loving to engage in the serious strug-
giles of politics and government should bear in
mind that 1t was not to train drones or triaers
that the community poured out its treasure to
give them a college education-W
Times
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1904-02-06
TAYLOR EXTRACTION CASE.
Indictment Was simply an Effort to
Secure Political Revenge.

Chicago Chronicle Dem.).
Quite unaccountably in the debate on the
diplomatic appropriation bill in the House
OF Representatives at Washington last
Wednesday the assassination Of William
Goebel at Frankfort. KY, several years ago
and the unsuccessful efforts to extradite
from Indiana w. s. Taylor. who had been
indicted for the crime, were exhaustively
discussed and Governor Durbin was criti-
cised for not honoring the requisition of the
Governor of Kentucky.
The reopening of this case in this fashion
is to be regarded with disapproval, as the
course pursued by the Governors of Indi-
ana has long since been INDICATED by the
progress of events and the sober second
thought of the Kentucky people 1t was
sufficiently plain. even at the time. that the
requisition emanated not so much from a
dignified executive as from a blood-thirsty
Kentucky vendetta, and that its object
would never have been given a fair trial
under the law
The extradition of prisoners by the Gov
ernor of a State is a matter of discretion.
and wisely so, as any one knows who has
had occasion to observe the frequency with
which extradition proceedings are used to
gratify personal revenge. In the Taylor
acquainted with the facts as the Governor
or Kentucky himself and was well aware of
the injustice of the indictment.
The second application for the extradi-
ton of Taylor was made to Governor w. +.
Durbin. who considered the case de novo,
and accompanied his refusal with an ex-
haustlve review of the law and the facts In
reaching his decision he had the advantage
OF much evidence that was unknown 10 his
predecessor In Office, and no one who has
read MS brief on the subject could ever
doubt the wisdom or the humanity of his
refusal TO extradite Taylor.
Every day that has passed since the as
saSsination has made il more evident that
there was never any reason TO connect Tay-
Tor with IT. That the indictment was purely
matter OF political revenge and that the
requlsltion was prosecuting continuance
have long been evident 10 every one who
followed the case.
The debate in the House of Representa-
uVes had, or course, no result, unless il
served 10 remind the country once more
that Kentucky was. etymOlogically at least
1.-The dark and bloody battle ground" and
that any one who defeats bloodshed in that
commonwealth may safely assume that he
is acting In the interest Of civilization