davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-07-03

The roster of the department in 1874
includes the names of four men who
are still on the force. They are John
Clark, now captain; James King, James
Nugent and Thomas H. Kenaley. James
King was captain in 1874, and became
chief in 1875. A municipal court, which
had become necessary on account of
the increase in the number of police
cases, was established in 1875, on rec
ommendation of Mayor James T. Max
well. Justice Flint was the first mag
istrate of the court.
The city during the early '70s attain
ed a reputation throughout the West
of being a tough river town and was
the resort of criminals OF all classes.
The river front was infested with dives
of vice of every description and fire.
quent murders and robberies were
committed. The police force in those
days was unequal to the task OF pro-
tecting the public, and safety commit
tees were organized among the citizens
to aid the officers Of the law. Condf-
tons gradually changed, however, and
the city erased the stain which then
blotted its name.
improvements came fast in the sos.
st. Paul then attained the proportions
Of city and the steady increase in
population brought it by degrees to
place among the cities of the nation.
Built the Workhouse
One Of the marks of development
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-07-03
Happiness

Quit trying to be happy. Happiness
Is chimera, a vain and idle conceit,
a fantastic solecism. The best plan is
to set for yourself certain standard
of misery and learn to grin and bear
it. Then, whatever comes above that
standard will be happiness.
Happiness. like beauty, is merely
comparative. If all our women had
fat noses like those of the bellies Of
Africa we should find some fiat noses
extremely beautiful and other flat noses
not at all presentable. A lone widow
with three children and one small bed
required her eldest boy to sleep on a
pile of straw in the corner. One bit
ter night the bowling wind coming
through the cracks kept blowing the
straw away. The little fellow shivered
till blue in the face. His hands were
nearly frozen trying to hold the straw
in place. Finally the mother rose and
completely covering her son with straw
laid upon it an old door which had
been leaning against the outer wall.
The wind then blew in vain, and a
happy voice came from the corner:
Mamma. it amt every boy that's got
door. New York Press.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-07-03

him, and the city council, seeking to
hohor their deceased friend and asso-
cate and to recognize the then estab-
hshed ability Of his son, chose Richard
L. O'Connor alderman of the Second
ward, as successor to his father. That
was on Jan. Is, 1883.
The young man of twenty five or
twenty-six years Of age who finds
himself In the responsible position OF
city legislator is not expected to reveal
the qualities which will permit him to
remain In undisputed possession Of the
confidence of an important constitu-
ency. or even, ordinarily, to stand
reasonable chance of retaining q rep
resentat1ye public position to which he
has been chosen without any action
on the part of the voting public. as
happened in the case Of the young
alderman from the Second ward. But
1t was case of an old head on young
shoulders. Before the boy alderman
had served half the unexpired term
of his father, not only his immediate
constituency but the general public
recognized in him the qualities which
go to secure the transaction Of public
business on lines of business exactness
and to influence the conduct Of other
men by force of the soundness Of judg-
ment revealed in the consideration Of
public problems
No member of the council showed
anything like 8 corresponding under
standing Of the requirements to the
growth and progress of the young COM
munity that was shown by the young
est Of the city fathers. Hard-headed,
forceful and. with sense of what the
future as well as the present demand
ed, he went on his way, as young men
inevitably will go, without giving but
comparatively small share Of his
thought or effort to the serious work
of everyday life; but holding without
the slightest effort the securest grasp
on the aldermanship of the Second
ward that any man may hold on rep
resentative position.
1t was with the training in the
knowledge of men, their motives,
methods and ambitions which he de-
Xzyed from service Of some four
years as alderman that MFR. O'Connor
entered upon those contests for per-
sonal and political ascendancy through
which has come to him much of the
admiration bestowed by those who
know the man only specifically. When
Richard L. O'Connor announced him
self as candidate for the Office of clerk
of courts Of Ramsey. county in the
early fall of 1886 he was still alderman,
and served in that position for nearly
two years thereafter, thus represent
Ing the old Second ward in the board of
aldermen from Jan. Is, 1888, to June
5, 1888-over five years.
1t was hard and bitter political
contest, as the result of which O'Con-
nor assumed the Office Of clerk of
courts, which he administered for
eight years with such measure of
efficiency and detailed perfection that
his conduct Of the business of that
branch of the local public service is
even today recognized as being as
nearly ideal as anything of the kind
can be. Under his administration the
business Of the office was no longer
conducted in the loose or inconsequent
fashion which is an inevitable Incl
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-07-03
MODERN WAR NOT BLOODY
Losses insignificant Since the Close
of the Franco -Prussian War

Modern warfare differs from ancient
and medieval conflicts, not only in the
weapons used, but in the percentage
of the wounded who survive a battle.
In the days of the hand-tohand fight
ing with pike and sword, battleax and
dagger, the casualties of a beaten army
in holly contested battle were apt to
be final losses. The wounded were
usually taken prisoners or slain. Few
men hurt seriously escaped the fierce
and close pursuit of the vfctors.
Even the winning side had a far
smaller proportion Of losses which were
merely temporary or technical than
armies suffer in these times, when
every man hit by a rife ball figures in
the list of casualties, and nine out of
ten reported wounded recover soon and
rejoin their commands In modern
was the so-called losses published after
a battle can be cut down to 25 or 80
per cent of the official numbers in as
certaining the permanent diminution
of the forces engaged.
In this repect, however, battles differ
widely. Sometimes actions fought at
close quarters under peculiar condi-
involves the storming Of strong works
defended by heavy artillery, the pro-
portion of casualties which mean death
may rise to something like the terrible
mortality rate of medieval wars.
When the Russians flung themselves
upon the French and Sandman lines
at the Tchernaya river, before Sc
yastopol, in the summer of 1855, they
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-07-03

l@ROM typical 1rontler village IN
II tested with vagabonds and cut
II threats Of every description, and
having only one representative
of law and order in the person of POM
pous Bill" Miller, the first town mar
shall to the best policed city in the
country, is record which st. Paul
has made within half a century. The
development of the police department
of the city has kept pace with its COM
mercial and industrial progress and
today, fifty years after the organ
ization of the municipality, ST.
Paul is no less famed among the
crooks of the country as good place
to stay away from than it is among
lovers of pure air and pure water as
the healthiest city in the world.
While at the present time the crimi-
nal population of the United States
takes care to keep clear of st. Paul,
the village was, in the early days, the
gathering point of desperadoes who fol-
lowed the river, and tough element
that fioated as a scum on the wave Of
immigration which gradually worked
its way westward. Though settlers made
their homes as early as 1888 on the site
that afterwards became the village of
st. Paul, no recognized police power
existed till 1854, when the town was
incorporated. During the intervening
period the pioneers We're exposed to
disturbances of all kinds and were
compelled to protect themselves and
their families when in danger.
First Police Force Was Five Strong
For two years William r. Miller, the
marshal, strove to maintain order in
the town, but the task became too
great for him as the population in
creased, and on May 80. 1856, the coun-
Gil established the first police force.
consisting of Miller as chief and four
patrolfnen, John Gabel, Nicholas Miller.
NJ. c. Hardwig and Edward Maher.
On May 20 they were given stars and
invested with authority to make ar
rests. The force was reorganized in the
fall Of 1856 and eight men were added.
The department as then established
consisted of the chief, three captains
and nine patrolmen.
The increase in the force was the
result of excitement over an atrocious
murder committed on July 9, when
George r. Mckenzie, proprietor of the
Mansion house, an old hostelry on the
bluff at the foot of Minnesota street.
was robbed and killed. So alarmed did
the people become over this crime and
other instances of lawlessness that they
not only demanded a larger and
stronger police force but organized
vigilance committees to aid the po-
licemen.
The town was growing at such a
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-07-03
Nails Record sickness

one who makes a close study of
finger nails will find many curious
Things about them to excite his WON
der and interest" says Mr.. F. De Do
nato, who is an expert on such matters.
but none more SO than the stories of
physical condition told in their growth.
You know the nail of a person in good
health grows at the rate of about one
sixteenth of an inch each week.
slightly more than many authorities
believe-but during illness or after an
accident or during times of mental de-
preston this growth is not only af-
fected and retarded so far as it's length
is concerned, but also as regards it's
thickness. The very slightest illness
will thus leave an indelible mark on
the nails which may be readily de-
tected as the nail grows out If one
has sudden attack, such as acute
rheumatism, which sends the tempera-
ture bounding upward to 104 or los
within the space of two or three hours,
1T will be found on the nails, indicat-
ing the difference in thickness OF
growth between the time when health
was enjoyed and the thin growth of
the Ill period. If the illness is one that
comes on gradually, like typhoid fever,
for example, instead of ridge gentle
incline will appear on the nails.
Should one have an arm broken the
thick edge can be seen only on the
fingers of the one hand, but in all cases
Of general sickness the ridge OF slope
appears on the fingers of both hands.
When one has passed through a Pc
Rod of extreme excitement or mental
depression, the fact will be imprinted
on the nails either with an abrupt ridge
or gentle slope, according to the
acuteness of the mental influence. In
no instance can the marks of illness,
accident or mental condition be clearly
seen on the nail until after the growth
has carried the line beyond the white
or half moon portion of it, but a week
or two subsequent to any of these
Things the ridge or slope may be found
on the nails, usually readily visible to
the eyes, but if not, the mark may be
found by running a tip Of the finger
down any of the nails."-St. Louis
Globe Democrat
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-07-03

their sentences and had been compelled
to work with the chain gang. which In
the early days took the place Of the
city street force. A few years before
the Workhouse was located at Como
unique institution was provided by the
city at Smith park! It was known as
the "stone pile" and there tramps and
short-term prisoners were obliged to
work daily
John Clark became chief of police in
1882, succeeding Charles Weber, who
had served since 1879. In 1888 the first
patrol wagon was put into service. The
following year fifteen men were added
to the force, and in 1885 the same num-
Der was again added. The force then
consisted of ninety men, including two
lieutenants, I. d. Morgan and Thomas
Walsh, and four sergeants, A. M. Low
ell, Charles RouleaV, Dennis Murphy
and William Hanft. John J. O'Connor.
the present chief, was then chief of
detectives, with staff consisting of
Thomas KenaIey and D. J. O'Connor.
The mounted detail was added in
1885, and the patrol telegraph, includ-
ing thirty-two alarm stations, was in
stalled the same year.
The four substadons were establish
ed May 1, 1887, and the following Of
ficers placed in charge: Rondo, Capt.
A. NJ. Lowell; Margaret, Capt William
Hanft; Ducas, Capt Thomas Walsh,
and Prior. Lieut.. William Budy. There
were at that time in the department
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-07-03

dent of public business in small COM
munitleS. Without legal training he
showed a thorough comprehension of the
legal requirements necessary to the safe
custody, the orderly arrangement, the
proper recording and the prompt and
lawful issuance of the judicial and
other pubic records intrusted to him.
Within little over month Of the
end of his second term as clerk of
courts, which took place Jan. S, 1895,
he having been reelected to that
Office in November, 1890, Mr.. O'Connor
was appointed United States marshal
by President Cleveland. He served in
that Office from March A. 1895, to
March II, 1899. There are few among
the people of st. Paul who do not
Know in general way of the receg-
nized great success achieved by the
new United States marshal in the
difficult and responsible administrative
work associated with that office. When
the Indian outbreak took place at
Leech Lake. which resulted in the kill
ing Of that brave and popular soldier
Maj. Wilkinson, Marshal O'Connor
Was on the scene of action in person.
There he remained throughout the
strife that prevailed, discharging the
civil functions which were needful
during that most strenuous episode in
the later career of the Minnesota In
ever held, Marshal O'Connor in the
management Of the federal interests
in this district showed the highest
faculty for official detail and complete
ness. and the reputation which he won
for himself as public official of abil-
ity and understanding while still COM
paratfvely boy in the position of
alderman remained with him through
out his term as a federal officer.
Since his withdrawal from the mar
sha1shfp, Mr.. O'Connor has devoted
himself to the business of broker in
stocks and bonds as the member of
the financial firm Of OConnor & Van
Bergen, with offices in the Germania
Life Assurance building, situated at
Fourth and Minnesota streets. The
proportions which the business Of that
concern has reached within a few
years is a further attestation of the
truth that the man who in public life
is able to win distinction and leader
ship and maintain his character and
standing in the community is qualified
to command success in whatever form
Of activity he chooses to follow.
Anxious to devote less of time and
thought to political matters as he
drifts farther away from official life,
the recognized leader Of his fellow
Democrats in st. Paul finds the task
of following his disposition in this re-
Sard a Qlrncult one. PERSONAL attach
ment, the spirit Of political excitement,
pride Of party, and all the other in
fiuences which draw men toward the
attractive goal Of public prominence
operate to prevent r. T. O,Connor from
withdrawing from the activities of po-
litical life. 1t is not unreasonable to
believe, Notwithstanding his expressed
purpose In that behalf, that he will
never. whatever may be the extent of
his business RESPONSIBILITIES he ohIo
to withdraw himself wholly from d.
rection, If not leadership, in his partye
either in national, state or municipal
affairs.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-07-03

Richard T. O'Connor, all things con-
sidered, is perhaps the. most note
worthy character in the life Of ST.
Paul. Whether regarded as man
active in political life, as business
man, or in his purely personal charac-
ter, he is better known to a greater
number and wider circle of the peo-
pie of his native city than any other
man in the community. He is yet
a young man, barely in the prime OF
life, with his powers Of achievement as
yet to all intents INFESTED.
In whatever character Mr.. O'Connor
has presented himself to others his
career has been an uninterrupted sue
cess. In politics his activity has been
more generally felt and commented ON.
In that domain Of activity he may be,
and generally is, regarded as unap-
proachable. There he has shown in the
fullest measure the unconquerable
power of force Of character and men
tality. Silent, but impressionable to
degree, he has always been able to
I command the confidence of others in
his capacity for leadership, in the
soundness of his Judgment and in the
reliability Of every statement that he
| makes.
The popular conception Of Individual
ability is embodied in the successful
public character. Nor is the cOncep-
ton a false one. No man who can so
impress himself on bodies Of men as
to be accepted year after year as the
best equipped of striving leaders; who
has, time and again, without falter
ing or failure, justified their faith, and
to whom failure, as an experience. re-
mains after years Of activity unknown,
can be denied the possession Of ex-
ceptiOnal powers Of intellect and char
acter. His claim to stand apart and
beyond the mass Of men may not be
accepted by himself, but it unques
toned by the community which wit
nesses his achievements.
| Richard E. O'Connor was born and
| raised in this city. He first looked out
| upon the world in what is known as
| the old O'Cennor homestead on East
| Fourth street, adjoining the National
| German American bank building. That
was something like forty six years
| ago. His preliminary education was
! had In the city schools: His scholastic
| days ended after six years spent at
| the Notre Dame university at Notre
Dame. Ind.
| It was at twenty-five years Of age
| that Mr.. O'Connor entered on the seri-
Gus work of his life. Even then rec
| ogniZed by all who knew him as a
| young man Of exceptional acuteness Of
mind, his friends looked forward to
| seeing him take a position in what
ever pursuits he identified himself
| with. Men are never able to control,
and seldom able even to direct or in
| fiuence the events which ultimately
| shape their careers in life. It is so
| with the recognized leader of the
Democracy of Minnesota. He may be
| said to have been forced into a politi
t cal life. His father, one OF the best
| known and respected of the residents
| Of st. Paul, passed away Jan. 9, 1883.
/ John O'Ccnnor had been alderman of
| the then Second ward for several
| terms A successor had to be chosen to
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-07-03
Mater Removes Eat

new fad for reducing fat is caus-
ing good deal of talk in theatrical
circles. There is no business in which
lat is so much handicap as on the
stage. Some one came forward a few
months ago with a suggestion that
deep-sea water was sure remedy.
Now there are half a hundred fat
actors and actresses trying it.
Among themselves the players read
lily give the names of the deep-sea
water drinkers. One of the heaviest
drinkers is young man who starred in
Broadway theater this season in a
play that required him to wear a khaki
suit. ALI his friends noticed that the
uniform fitted him too tightly and did
not hesitate to tell him so. He has
taken off sixteen pounds.
Dressmakers and tailors, with an
idea Of getting new orders for goods,
are suggesting deep-sea water to fat
customers.
The dose is a wine glassful of deep
sea water mixed with full glass Of
ordinary water. Either hot or cold
Even then, the dose is SO strong that
for. persons not abnormally stout it's
use is recommended only three or four
times a week.
Buenes Ayres, in South America, is
the accredited birthplace of the new
anti-fat fad. A New York actress who
was there last December came home
and told of it, She has persuaded a
popular Weberfeldian, who was sent
to New Jersey month ago to take off
flesh, to give up banting and country
walks and return to the Great White
Way for course Of deep-sea water
Another burlesque actress, who sailed
on the Etruria, took six bottles to Lon
don with her. She wanted to be the
first to tell about it there.
The water the New Workers are
drinking Is said to be taken six miles
off Sandy Hook. Only the deep-sea
water is eff1cacious. The stuff can
not cost much. and the supply is not
likely to run short as long as the good
old Atlantic ocean stays in business
New York Press.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-07-03

One Of the marks of Development
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-07-03

peilHIeHuenC Hollce Alarm and. Sig
nal System.
e~~-~-~-~~~-~---~---~-~-~-~
left about $500 dead ON the field, and
their wounded seemed to number only
about half of that number. But these
proportions are so remarkable that it
must be taken for granted that many
slightly wounded Russians were sent
to the rear and never reported as hurt
in the records which the allies had the
means of comparing with their own
statistics.
Keeping in mind, then, the broad
fact that losses in battle. may. mean
everything, from death to Slight hurts,
and the temporary absence from roll
call of troops which rejoin their colors
later, and remembering that all rec
ords of casualties in war are disputed
by opposite sides and open to more
or less doubt. it is extremely interest,"
ing. at this time, to look over a list
Chicago Chronicle.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-07-03

The efficiency and widespre cad fame
of ST. Paurs police department is
largely due to the present chief, John
J. o'Connor, known in police circles
the country as 1.-The Big Fellow" this
in tribute to his prowess in the posi-
ton and his general fitness for the post.
Chief O'Connor was born in st. Paul
and received his education here.
He was in the employ Of the Kelly
Mercantile company from the time of
leaving school until his appointment
on the police force by Mayor O'Brien,
some twenty years ago. His work
earned for him the position of chief of
detectives, and later the post of chief
of the department. He was deposed
by Republican administration, and
Tor two years conducted a private de-
tect1ve bureau with great success. With
the-return of his party to power, he
was reinStated, and through persever-
ing work and careful attention to de-
tail has brought the st. Paul police de-
partment to a standard of efficiency
not eXcelled the country over
The chief is regarded as one Of the
foremost criminologists in the country,
and surely no shrewder judge of hui
man nature and the criminal. ever
watched over the safety of large city.
He possesses the largest private col
lection of criminal pictures possessed
by any department in the country, and
his facilities for getting at accurate in
formation bearing on criminals are un-
eXcelled
Among the denizens Of ''the under
world he is feared and respected as
few chiefs in the country are
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1904-07-03

Superintendent of the ST. Paul Fire
Insurance Patrol.
was the establishment of the work
house at Como in 1880. Prior to that
time petty offenders had been lodged
in the lookup to serve the terms of