davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1904-05-21

ceases. resulting in the loss of a large por-
ton of the flock and preventing the real
ization of a profit 1t may be claimed
that the open air. plenty of grain and a
variety of food are about the proper con-
ditons, but there are conditions for one
season of the year and conditions for
another. It may be natural for poul-
try to be exposed in the summer but 1t
1t not natural to subject the hens to cold
and storms In the winter. In the wild
state many birds are migratory, and
change their feeding grounds as the sea-
sons change, but our domesticated birds
are to a certain extent creatures of our
own, made up and adapted to conditions
to which we are subjected. and their
their thrift depends upon the manner In
which they are protected during the sea-
Sons when they need the most care. The
wild bird is fixed in It's characteristics
many of them are the same today as
they were centuries ago, and can exist
under great many disadvantages They
are free, have greater powers of locomo-
ton, select their own mates In order to
breed, and thereby produce offspring that
are as hardy as their proRenitors. but the
domestic fowl has been bred to n place
In the farm yard and to remain near tho
habitation of man. They look to him
for help, and cannot we'll exist without
his aid.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1904-05-21
HINTS PREPARED FOR
THE AMATEUR PRUNER.

From the st. Louis Globe Democrat
Pruning is the most delicate and impor-
tant operation that the fruit grower per-
forms Budding and grating and mere
rountine functions compared with scien-
tihc pruning, requiring merely n practical
knowledge of how to perform the opera
ton In accordance with established rules
"a mechanical expertness-so as to pro-
duce certain definite results, and 1t must
always be done in a practical manner
But pruning requires the exercise of good
Judgment as Welt as skill, and II is nee
essary for the operator to possess an in
innate knowledge as to what limbs are
essential to the perfect development OF
the tree and those that are superfiuous.
AS no two trees are at all alike in de-
veopment of branches. the operator
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1904-05-21
CONDITION AND CLIMATE
IN POULTRY BUSINESS.

From the Farm and F'ireside.
The domestication of animals and birds
by man has compelled the adoption Of
methods in their care differing from
those required when animals are not un-
der the care Of protectors. Natural con-
ditions depend unon circumstances. The
natural conditions so far as the barn
yard fowl is concerned, are such condi-
tionns as man may provide for 1t. Warm
quarters and a variety of food that the
hens may lay eggs in winter (Which Is
really unnaturaD, with clean yards and
feeding places, in order to guard against
disease, are natural but there are no con-
ditions that fit all breeds OF poultry, for
no two breeds can exist under the same
treatment and both prove profitable, as
one breed will fail under conditions that
are favorable to the other.
The attempt to subject fowls to what
may be termed natural conditions has
only led to roup and other winter dis
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1904-05-21

Whatever method is used 1t would
pay to confine the cattle at least every
nighr In the year and arrange to save all
the manure, both solid and liquid.
One Of the best ways to keep manure
is to mix with some other material, as is
done In making the compost heap. The
compost heap Is made as follows. Hol-
low out the ground into sort of pit or
basin, to prevent washing away of the
valuable parts of the manure. Put down
a layer of swamp muck, leaves and SIM
liar matter, from to inches deep.
Cover with thin layer of lime or ashes.
On top of this put or 10 inches of barn
yard manure A thin layer of Kainit
could be used upon the manure to adj
vantage. Repeat this until the heap Is
as high as seems convenient for hand
ling. Keep this always wet, but don't
allow the water to be so plentiful that
the valuable parts will wash away.
Whenever practical 1t is best to apply
your manure often in small quantities
rather than a great deal at one time.
Especially Is this true upon light soils.
1t Is not well to apply fresh manures to
root crops, such as white Orish) potatoes,
turnlps beetS, etc.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1904-05-21
SOME ADVANTAGES OF
HOME MADE MANuREs,
BY CLINTON j. GALLOWAY
BY cLIN-

1t would prove many times a blessing
to our country If the farmers, especially
of the cotton growing states. would turn
more attention to home made manures.
Our lands have been drained for a great
many years now with the one crop sys-
tenn, the one year tenant system and the
half-fed, ignorant farmer. But the farm
ers here and there are opening their
eyes to few facts, conditions and laws
of nature which have been robbing them
of their share of happiness and prosper
ity In this life. They are beginning to see
that their condition Is due to the lack of
good management on their own part and
that they must farm so that nature can
help. The farmer has discovered that
barnyard manure properly cared for and
applied to his crop will pay better than
any other fertilizer. However to know
the real value of barnyard stable and
LOTT manure the farmer must remember
the following advantages:
l. BY Its use the soil is improved in its
! texture make up).
O. 1t causes more evenness of moisture
in the soil
g. 1t serves as food for his crop.
4. 1t forces the ownership OF animals.
s. Suggests variety OF crop and rota-
ton.
g. Cuts down the fertilizer bill. perhaps
entirely.
The man who raises a crop on land and
leaves 1t as poor as he found it is not
doing his duty. The man who raises a
crop on land and leaves 1t poorer each
! year puts himself in position of a
| thief and a robber. 1t has long been no.
ticed that the uses of commercial fertil-
| izers almost entirely causes SOIL Qand)
| to grow less fertile (poorer) each year.
while the uses of plenty of barnyard
manure gradually builds up the land and
produces better crops each year. The
straw, leaves. ETC., found in barnyard
manure when applied to our worn OUT
soils add humus and make it possible for
| us to have a more evenness of moisture
| Many find trouble with either too wet
or too dry soils. No kind Of fertilizer
cures your land of this trouble faster
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1904-05-21

-..e until all is reclaimed
nc college will aid the farmer in this
work with bulletins showing how the
work may be cheaply done. and there Is
nearly always time wasted on the farm
that could be used in this work.
Lequminous Plants.
, I was also greatly interested and sur
| urised to see what wonderful crops of
| legumes are growing on this reclaimed
farm. First of all there was the winter
| vech which is now In full bloom, and
after furnishing a great amount Of win
| ter pasture. is ready to be cut and will
give a great crop of fine hay. Vech is one
of the best of the legumes for reclaim i
ing the worn out lands of the south.
Next was the fine crop'of alfalfa to be
seen on this farm. Alfalfa has passed
the experimental stage and IS helping to
solve the problem of stock growing in
the south. Then there were great
number of grasse and cloyers growing
and even the fine Kentucky blue grass
was to be found in many favored spots.
Then there was the winter and early
spring pasture; winter rye standing at
the head. then winter wheat and winter
oats. all of which had done well, and
kept the stock in fine condition at
small expense.
These winter pastures furnish our
| farmers another object lesson which they
! should profit from. They show what can
be done along this line.
Live Stock Department.
| This department, like all the others
| Is doing a great work in showing how
| cheap pork, beef and dairy products may
be produced, as well as showing that the
| south can grow her mules as cheap as
| they can be grown in any state. The
| nd hoe Ifb "
| condition, and l was shown some as fine
hogs and cattle as one can find anywhere
| NV attention was particularly called to
| a fine sow with eleven pigs l was also
| shown one herd of cattle which had been
| brought through the winter on hay and
| winter pasture at cost OF about " per
head These cattle looked much better
than If they had been brought through
! the winter On wind which Is too often
| relied upon. .
. Here we find line of experiments
being carried on in inocculating cattle
| for the tick fever-to make them immune
| against this fever. The experiments
have proven quite successful, as there Is
| only about one per cent loss OF the year
/ lings. The older cattle do not come out
! quite so we'll and there Is greater danger
/ and loss in the cattle after they are two
years old There are seven of the leading
| breeds of cattle on the farm, and among
them are some brown Swiss heifers which
| are beauties. The brown Swiss are
i among the leading breeds for mixers. |
| can not take time here to make mention
| of all the breeds Of cows found here, but
| the central thought of 1t all is that the
experiments that are being made here
with cattle will go far toward making
both Alabama and Mississippi great beef
| and dairy states. The change Is coming
along these lines.
Horticultural Department.
! This department is In charge Of Pro-
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1904-05-21

lessor Mckay who takes special pride
In his work, and is doing much to show
what the country is capable of doing
| In fruit growing. l was first shown his
fine peach orchard of .1200 trees. six years
old. and all loaded full of fruit. The Ell
berta is the leading variety Here Is
another peach orchard which has had
perfect cultivation and is a model for
the farmer. The soil was prepared be-
fore the trees were set and has had per-
feet cultivation ever since Vine crops
were grown among the trees for the
first few years, but now the trees-cover
the land and no crops can be grown to
advantage; but the soil is kept cultivat-
ed by the use of harrows, which keeps
the soil in fine condition. The professor
thinks his trees will average five bushels
rs peaches this year, but sup
the crop at an even four
hels, and we still have a
,, which is a very conser-
e.
shown the fine new straw
anere the fruit was ripe and
ovng gathered, and 1t was fine to look
upon. Then came the tomato field and
the gardens, all of which Professor Nc
Kay has In the very highest state of cul-
tivation and all giving paying crops.
After we had been over the farm and
when train time was drawing near the
professor said: I want to drive you over
by the house for a few minutes" There
I was introduced to his family, and Mrs
Mckay ordered the servant to prepare
strawberries, cream and tea cakes l was
invited to a feast good enough for-well
even the editor of The Age-Herald him
self. The fruit was simply fine and all
the better for having been grown right
at home and coming fresh from the field
The Jersey cream too, was home pro-
duct right from their own COWS.
The day certainly was one of great
pleasure to me- Professor Mckay has a
beautiful home and many fine flowers
adorn the home as well as the college
grounds.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1904-05-21

=, useless for me to say that l was
greatly interested in all ! saw, for the
experiments are right in line with what
I am trying to teach to the farmers all
along our lines. My object in writing at
this time of this great educational insti-
tuition is to show our readers what the
south can be made to do under the right
kind of methods.
Object Lessons Offered.
This college, like that of our own
state Alabama, as well as others IN the
SOUTH is doing great work IN 1urhlsnr :
ing plain practical object lessons OF
what can be done in farming III the
south when the proper methods are EN-
ployed | know that there are many
farmers who are not In sympathy WIN
what they call book farming ana olteil
at nv farmers institute meetings nave
had farmers say to me: NOW 40 nv
hold up these state colleges TO US. ou
know that we cannot farm like they 10
The state furnishes them all the money
they need to carry on their experiments
and this we haven't, and so what they
are doing is really no pattern Tor US "
follow"
Now there was never a greater mistake
made by the farmers, for these expert
ment stations are doing only what IL Is
possible for any intelligent wide awake
up to date farmer to do. True, the farmer
need not carry on his experiments on
so large a plan as they are carried on
by the state, but his farm needs just
the same kind of treatment and must
have this treatment If he is to succeed.
The farmer needs to keep in closer
touch with the experimental farm or col
lege of his state. He can and should
-
tilizers how and when to apply same,
how to manage his soil. the great inn
portance of preparing deep, rich. loose
seed beds for all his crops, and hundreds
of other practical lessons which the
farmer needs to know.
Interested in Soil Building.
While 1 found here much to interest
me vet there was nothing that | was
more interested in than that of soil build
inc as 1t has been carried on here. The
farm consists Of 1000 acres. Much of this
was worn out, turned out. and regarded
as worthless and was washed out In
great gullies These fellows set to work
TO reclaim this soil, first by blowing
down and filling up these gulles. then by
the application of fertilizers; then by ex-
perjments with various crops, grasses and
clovers, to build up the soil and furnish
the plant food so much needed. These
experiments were continued until success
crowned their efforts and, the worn out
lands made to produce like gardens.
Now here is where the farmer may
get his greatest object lessons and learn
that this farm was not all reclaimed, at
once The work had to be done as the
means at hand would justify. for all our
readrs certainly know that neither Ala
bama or Mississippi has been In a posi-
u4n tn spend any extravagant sums on
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1904-05-21
Agricultural Department
CONDUCTED BY FULTON $. WHITE.

their agricultural colleges. So much of
the work. as well as the grand results
obtained, have been brought about as a
result of the persistent efforts on the
part of those who have had charge of
the various departments. Few agricul-
tural colleges are doing greater work
for their states than those of the states
of Alabama and Mississippi.
These colleges took just what land
they could well manage and worb"'
al 1t until 1t has -
high e+ai Nfr
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1904-05-21
VISIT TO MISSISSIPPI
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE.

Last Monday I had the pleasure of a
days visit to the officers of this college,
and the day was both pleasantly and
profitably spent. 1 first called upon
President j. C. Hardy and after a pleas
ant visit he turned me over to the pro-
fessors of the different departments, and
I was shown all over the farm-saw the
live stock department. the crops, gardens
fruits and in fact all - =
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1904-05-21

should be able to discover at a glanc,
which branches should be removed to
produce the best results. 1t is too COM
mon a practice, even among experienced
orchardmen, who should know BETTER
to slash and tear away limbs In q most
reckless manner In their efforts to pro-
duce symmetrical proportions. regardless
of the mere necessity of relieving the
tree of It's membranes. that Its vital
forces may be expended in the production
of fruit instead of wood A good deal
of pruning Is sometimes necessary,
though generally but very little will suf
flee, and herein the skill and judgment
of the operator are put 10 the test just
as the Judgment of the surgeon Is tried
when he examines fractured or dis
eased limb to determine whether or not
II Is necessary to amputate II.
If the primer will always bear In mind
that no limb should be removed from a
tree unes It Is broken or diseased or
shuts out the sunlight from the fruit. so
as to prevent Its development and rlpen-
ing. and II he possesses the necessary
knowledge to enable him to decide what
limbs should be removed to render the
tree more productive and the skill to
perform the operation properly, he need
never go astray
Suggestions offered.
United States depa rtment of agriculture,
in a special report, has promulgated the
following rules for the guidance Of those
seeking Information upon the subject
/. Train the tree SO that only dead or
injured limbs may be removed In future
years.
2. Use the fingers and pruning knife
in shaping the tree, and thus save the
use of the saw.
3. Pr1fne weak growth In winter
4. Prune strong growth in summer.
5. Pruning by improper methods and
at improper times will prevent the form
alton of fruit spurs upon such trees as
fruit by that method.
6. Never fail to protect every wound OF
more than one-half inch In diameter from
the influence of the weather by means of
paint or some other suitable material
I. Study your tree thoroughly before
you prune.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1904-05-21

Each name, with the agents, is written
The Weekly Age-Herald has also dec
three of'its agents who send the largest
between now and September to come t.
superinted the drawing, all expenses, of
by The Weekly Age-Herald.
We trust you will get to work imme
us every subscriber it is possible for you
hear from you. We like to read your let
send subscribers or not.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1904-06-15
Triumphs of Surgery.

Wonderful things are. done for
the human body by surgery.
Organs are taken out and
scraped and polished and put
back, or they may be removed
entirely: bones are splced: pipes
take the place of diseased sec
tons Of veins; antiseptic dress
ings are applied to wounds,
bruises, burns, and like injuries
before inflammation sets in,
which causes them to heal with
out matnration and in one third
the time reqnired-by-the- old
treatme emit. Chamberlain,s Pain
Balm acts on this same principle.
1t is an anteceptic and when=ap:
piled to such injuries, causes
them to heal very quickly. Ii
also allays the pain and soreness.
Keep d bottle of Pain Balm in
your home and it will save you
time and money, not to mention
the Inconvenience and suffering
which such injuries entail. F'or
sale by Barker's Drug store,
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1904-06-15
DIED LAST NIGHT
Popular Lady Well Known in Be
midi Dies Of Append,
citis at st. Peter.

Friends Of Miss Olga Erickson,
who was formerly employed ut
the First National bank IN this
city, this afternoon received the
sad intelligence Of her death,
which occurred last night about
midnight at hen home in st. p&ter
after a lingering illness Of APP
-pendicitis.
Miss Erickson Was taken sud.
denly i'll in this city last winter
and was for a time at 81 An
thongs hospital where sshe-re,
covered Sufficiently to be able to
return to her home. Sjnce.that
time she has been failing rapidly
and death came as Il -blt.ssst'd-fe.
lief to a very patient sufferer
Miss Erickson had man y zt.s.s.fsll4l. .tf
friendsin Bemid i anfl.N.st:s a
young lady Of estimgbie c}arac-
ter, who will lie siicaieI y
monrned by lnanSBeni1 il &C
quaintances.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1904-06-15
Z HE CITY

C!osing.out sale on refrigera-
tors at MAYORS.
Z. Fl. Bailey is at Blackduck
On business today.
Genuine Louwelsa Weller ware
for sale only by A. p. Winter.
DIR. Caldwell, Of Blackduc!S. IS
a visitorin the city today.
Nothing can be better than Tie
|tbcst- Mark s lung Balsam is the
best.
This week only, refrigerators
and book cases at 10 per cent off
at MAYORS.
Al. Carson leaves tonight for
st. Paul to attend the Maccabe4 $
state convention.
Armstrong s. Underwood sore
ice cream at all hours of the d.sy
and night.
To complete the neatness Of
your home you need some Of tls;at
genuine Louwelsa Weller WalsH.
la. r. Winter.
j. w. Speelman returned to lis
Home at Buena Vista last night
after two days visit with : u
midi friends.
Mr.. and Mrs: Robert MIunry
arrived yesterday from Little
Falls to make their future home
| in Bemidji. Mr.. Muncy is one i
THE Pine Tree Lumber COMPANY 5
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1904-06-15
ROUSlNG TALK
Hon. Oar. Reese Made An Flo
quent Speech at opera
House Last Evening.

-Isstrie. H Ok rt'IT'I-k 0 -tlHa
sSssll l,fenlc court Last evening. q. al Z
|, rsspa i faif sized audience az
s1l., opera house Mr. l'eese WAS
eloquent, Vigorous ana inspiring
ana entertained HIS hearers ion.
about two honrs. The first half
of Roses addresszWsls devoted
to,ssetting forth some reasons
why Robert c.. Dunn should be.
nolnlnated for governor by the.
republicans III Minnesota while.
the lattel. part Of thespcccll '}ealt.
With republican principles ~
gencral. His tribute to MI. Dunn
was astill,ing one, and provoked
repeated applause lie described
Mr. Dunn as the Great Com
monel' OF Minnesota and told Of
how he had fought his way to
SUCCESS from poverty single
banded against tho multiplying
diseeu ti A s. poor
boy must lace, ne Went AZ some
length into the services Mr.
Dunn has rendered the state rs
auditorand pointed ont .that No.
state official had ever been more
highly commended BY members.
sof all parties than has Dunn. lie
predicted tho noininatlon OF.
Dunn hy i large majority lsl1p DC.
5clared the republican nominee,
whoever he na,Y. b, will recelVe
the united tt,1pti.t q ttl' factions
#of the party in A1iailcSot;t.
At the. conclusion Of the meet
ing a large number Of signatures
as members Of the Beltrami
County Dunn club We're secured
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1904-06-15
DATE FIXED
Charter Election Will Occur OIL
June Is City Council
Calls Election.


44etti4fss.st,f ll4e,-tttss
council rus light fixed the etiltes
of the special charter election toi
June %. a resolution TO this ef
feet, presented by Alderman 1'fa
ham and seconded by Alderman
Bowser, was unanimously adopt.
ed. Atits last meeting the com
ell rejected a resolution to the
same effect epresented by Alder
man Bewsei', several lnembers
holding that Use condition Of the
CITY affairs with rcfercncc to tine
water plant improvements AZ
present would be embarrassed
BY the holding 81 the charter cleo
ton this month. @
G. H. Miles was present before
the council last night and asked
for assurance that a sewerage
system would be installed this
year. Mr.. Miles plans the cree
ton Of a large hotel and upon the
certainty of the sewer system his
plans We're lllrgety dependent
Mr.. Miles was assured thatz the
sewerage system would be IN IN
stalled and today announces that
he will proe.ed to build the house
in the very near future.
a number Of bills Wel'a allowed
sat last nights n.neillas4ss 8S;i!ssa quite
la little routine business was tram.
sacted. The council was in sess
-sion@u,ltil o'efock.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1904-06-15
Deafness Cannot be Cured

By local applications, as they can
not reach the diseased portions
of the ear. There is only one
way to cure deafness, and that is
by constitutional remedies. Deaf
ness is caused by an inhamed
condition of the mucous lining; OF
the Eustachian Tube. When this
tube is infamed you have a rum
bling sound or imperfect hearing,
and when it is entirely closed,
Deafness is the result, and unless
the inflammation can be taken
out and this tube restored to it's
normal condition, hearing will be
destroyed forever; nine cases out
of ten are caused by CatEJrrh,
which is nothing but al illtissmed
condition ofthe mucous surfaces.
We will give $500 for any case OF
Deafness caused by catarrh) that
cannot be cured by Hall Catalrh
Cure. Send for circulars free.
r. j. CHENEY q Co,
Toledo, Ohio.
Sold by druggists, 75c. Take
Halls Family Pills for coastipa-
AtiC,l-