davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1904-02-23
AKERsFIELD, cal. r

n AKERSFIELD, Cal, Feb. eat
II 1890 today the engine attached to
the westbound Santa Pc limited
took fire while stopping at the Teha-
cEapi station on the joint track Of the
Southern Pacific and Santa Fe- The
engine was an oil burner and the oil
caught fire between the tank and the
engine. An explosion followed, wreck
ing the locomotive and setting fire 10
q handsome composite coach immedi-
ately behind. Both were destroyed.
From here the flames spread to the de-
pot. a frame structure, which burned
rapidly to the ground.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1904-02-23

correspondent Reuters Telegram
company minister
China Lessar successfully Chinese officials with the
suit that the instructions given gunbOat leave
Shanghai cancelled.
considers this breach Chinese neutrality
an IS taking
Of the Daily Telegraph
squadron has
torpedo sig
This of
fresh O u by he Japanese.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1904-02-23

Kow 22-viceroy Aezief and his full staff have ju
headquarters have been established
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1904-02-23
Can BE Repeated.

II was interested. he replied. TO see
repubished some days ago the note of
last year ia which Turkey clearly an
nounced her position and called the at
tentiOn Of the powers TO the Unbearable
conduct of Bulgaria. While now new,
the contents Of the note We're most
timely. and what was said then ON this
point can be with truth reiterated.
Let me repeat that I hope the re-
ports of the activity Of the Bulgarians
are exaggerated, but If they contain a
measure OF truth then the situation
there is truly critical.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1904-02-23

who has had much experience in that
section, said
Danger Is Great
Although advices are meagcr. the
news I get indicates that the Bulgar-
JAMS are assuming an attitude and pur-
suing course To which il viii be inn
possible for thei imperial govern
ment TO submit much longer
with patience Tt is reported that they
are aTmirg the inhabitants. stirring up
strife iu Macedonia and doing every
thing possible 10 harass the imeprial
government. 7 hope this is not true,
but If the reports be true hostilities in
The FalkanS cannot much longer be
avoided
DO you think it is possible that Tur-
key viii address a note TO the powers
on this subject" the minister was
asked.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1904-02-23
Danger Is Great.

who has had much experience in that
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1904-02-23
Outside the Pale.

the report Of n. Pavleff. who was Rus
continued en- Page p
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14
coLoRING BUTTER IN WINTER.

As soon as the winter season ap-
proaches in Missouri, some farm made
butter, almost as white as lard, appears
on the local markets. Such butter will
always sell much lower than it would If
it had the regular yellow butter color.
The market demands yellow butter, and
if it has not the color naturally, 1t
should be added. Though a few object
to colored butter, it will be observed
that they seldom buy the Write if the
yellow can be had. Every expert butter
maker makes use of butter color at some
season of the year. The standard color
is the natural yellow of butter made
when COWS are on grass and the color
should be kept the same the year around.
The coloring used is very harmless, and
can be bought very cheap at any drug
store.
There is no element Of fraud in color
ing butter as everybody knows it is done
and understands the reason for it. There
is no more reason for Directing to colored
butter than there would be for objecting
to colored wooden clothes because the
natural wool was white.
The uneven color and streaked ap-
pearance often noticed in butter in the
winter season comes from the butter not
being worked enough to distribute the
salt evenly. IT has no connection with
artificial coloring, and can be easily rem
edied by more working.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14

il fed on these alone. The COW must
nave milk producing feeds such as clover,
cowpea or alfalfa hay to 60 with the
corn. If none of these hays are at hand
and timothy hay or corn fodder must be
fed, it will pay to buy bran or cotton.
seed meal and make this a large part of
the grain ration. Another quality Of
the grass is the fresh watery condition
called succulence, which gives il a higher
value than the same grass cured into
hay.
To get the best results in the winter,
something must be fed that has this
property. For this purpose the most ex-
perienced dairymen use silos for storing
green corn which comes as near preserv-
ing the natural green condition as Ia
possible, and makes the cheapest and
best feed known for the dairy COW.
The third necessary condition men
toned is comfortable surroundings. A
COW can not stand cold like a fat steer,
but must be stabbed in a warm comfort
able place to give good results in win
ter.
All these favorable conditions can be
brought about by any farmer at slight
expense, and a large quantity Of milk
produced at the season of the year when
it is most valuable. On the State Col
lege Farm the dairy cows milk just about
as well in winter as in summer, and at
present are producing about a pound Of
butter per day for each COW in the herd
at a cost for feed of about Thirteen cents
per pound.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14
LEARN TO FARM

No tendency of recent times is more
siKniicant than the general demand
among farmers for definite knowledge
about the operations of the farm. 1t is
well recognized by all progressive per-
son that success in farming as in other
vochtions comes as a result Of clear, def
mite, knowledge, This knowledge, the re-
suis Of many careful experiments, and
the best experience of the most successful
farmer, is acquired more easily and at
less expense in an agricultural college
than by long experience Oh a farm.
Many young men desire to become bet
i<f farmers, more skillful stockmen,
htock judges, dairymen, oil oichardists,
but have not the time to take a four
years' curse Of study. For these, the
short courses are planned. The instruc-
tion is in everything practical, having in
view especially the needs Of men who
must Immediately turn TO account the
facts learned in the class room.
Our W University at Columbia is
now giving a practical course in Animal
Hnsbandry, Agriculture and Dairying,
Which began January 5, 1904. 1t is not
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14
WINTER FEED FOR THE DAIRY
COW,

The average cow as kept % the Mis-
souri, farm does not give much milk
during the winter months when on dry
feed. This is largely due to the manner
of feeding and stabling her. AS a rule
a dairy COW is at her best while on good
grass in the early part Of the summer.
It is well to consider why this is so, and
to try to produce in winter the favorable
conditions which bring it about. These
conditions are, an abundance of the right
kind of food, and comfortable tempera-
ture, neither. too warm nor too cold.
It is always economy to feed a good cow
literally. Ittakes abouttwo-thirds Of what
the average COW gets to eat to keep her
alive and no milk will be produced ex-
cept from the feed given in excess of
that two-thirds. If the cow machine is
to be kept going it is economy to run
that machine to its full capacity. The
COW that is the best eater is as a rule the
cheapest producer of milk and butter.
Many cow in this state do net do well
because they are not fed literally
enough. Grass in the green state fur
nishes the right kind Of feed for milk
production, but Timothy hay, corn fodder
and corn do not. No COW can do well
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14

old trees. If carefully taken up with a
good root system and planted near by so
they are not handled much, three-year-old
trees may be transplantod so they will
do we'll. If dug with an ordinary nurs-
cry tree digger so that the root system
is cut quite short, and are packed and
shipped, three-year-old trees are liable to
give unsatisfactory results.
Other things being equal it is best to
secure trees from your home nurserymen.
They generally know what varieties will
succeed best in your ~neighborhood and
can give many special cultural directions
and other valuable advice. The nursery
man should be a kind Of horticultural
educator in his community. In selecting
home grown trees enc is not liable to in
troduce insects or diseases which are not
already in the neighborhood. Again, one
can have the opportunity and advantage
of visiting the nursery and selecting the
trees he wants. One should plant
straight symmetrical and vigorous trees
but not necessarily the largest ones.
Avoid badly forked trees or those that
are headed at a wrong height.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14

growth and fattening; feeding for meat,
milk, wool, etc.; effect Of food upon
quality of meat, wool, milk, and butter.
There is practice in computing and COM
pounding ~rations for various purposes.
Stock Breeding.-The principles of
breeding, heredity. variation and selec-
ton. The methods of breeding, grading,
in-breeding, cross-breeding, pure breed
ing, and line breeding. Special prob
lens such as the influence Of environ
ment, of fecundity, influence Of a pre-
vious impregnation; the possibility of
controlling the sex Of offspring, ETC., are
considered in their relations to the oper-
ations of the stock breeder.
Dairy Practice.-In the forenoon all
students attend lectures; in the after
noon all dairy students work in the dairy
laboratories. They do all kinds Of work
necessary in a factory, such as weighing
and sampling cream and milk, pasteuriz-
ing cream, ripening cream with and
without starters, churning and working,
packing and printing butter for market.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14

This diagram represents the carcass
of a well-fattened, well-bred steer as cut
up by the Chicago butchers, giving the
retail price per pound for the different
cuts. II is also valuable as indicating
the number of pounds of the different
cuts secured from such an animal. A
good l~,200-pound steer dresses about 800
pounds and Of this T0s pounds is mar
ketable meat. All the high priced cuts
are taken from the ribs, loins, and hind
quarters. The porterhouse cut sells for
as high as 35 cents per pound in the
eastern markets. In this diagram the
valuable cuts together weigh $40 pounds,
and at the prices affixed sell for $44.55.
The cheaper cuts from the forequarters,
belly and flank weigh 1862 pounds and
bring only $l6.4s. This cut was pre-
pared for F. B. Mumford through the
courtesy of E. F. Swift and S. 7. White,
of Chicago, in 1896. 1t will be seen at
once that the high-priced and valuable
cuts are all found on tie back and loin of
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14
USE YOUR CORN FODDER,

The corn fodder which annually goes
to waste in enormous quantities ev"
year may be utilized profitah
ing with clover har " m.A.
at the Nj III ohe eApeIIliene
-.eers, four pounds Of corn fed with tim
othy hay produced "a pounds of gain
per day.
A similar lot of cattle fed on four
pounds OF corn with clover hsC and corn
fodder in equal parts gained 9-I0 Of a
pound per day. The clover hay and corn
fodder cost about half as much as the
timothy hay, and was a third more eff
Gent. This experiment points the way
to the profitable utilization Of the corn
fodder now going to waste.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14

the animal. The meat from the porter
house cut is worth twenty cents per
pound while that from the ribs plate is
valued at only four cents. In other
words one pound of porterhouse steak is
as valuable to the butcher Is FIVE pounds
of ribs plate. The latter cut s.lls at re-
tail for less than the buyer pays for
the animal per pound live weight. A
difference of forty pounds in the weight
of the animal, if this difference is caused
by an increased weight of ribs plate,
makes only SLIGO difference in the ulti-
mate value of the animal; but if this diff
ference of forty pounds is the result Of
greater development of the porterhouse
cut, then the increased value of the an
imal amounts to So instead of $l.60. 1t
is Of the very greatest importance, then,
that in selecting animals for feeding we
should insist upon securing those having
broad, thiekly fleshed backs, so that they
will put the meat on where it is most
valuable.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14
SELECTING APPLE TREES.

Nothing is of more Importance in
planting an apple orchard than the tree
you start with.
~Two-year-old apple trees are usually
best for planting. Correspondence with
the leading orchardists shows that more
than three-fourths of them prefer two
year-old trees. In the Station grounds
where we have planted trees of various
ages for a good many years the two
year-olds have universally given the best
results, considering the expense of han
ding, the subsequent care they need, etc.
A few growers prefer large one-year-old
trees but they generally admit that these
require mole careful cultivation for the
first year or two to get them established.
Occasionally a grower prefers three-year-
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14

Stock Judging.-Practical work at
the barns in judging cattle, horses, sheep,
and swine. A carefully prepared score
card is used TO develop the students
powers of observation and to fix in his
mind the best types. The farm is now
supplied with choice animals Of the
Shorthorn, Aberdeen Angus, and Here.
ford breeds, representing the best beef
types, and with well selected herds Of
Jerseys, and Holsteins of typical dairy
form. Representative specimens OF
Shropshire, Hampshire, and Delaine Me-
rino sheep supply material for thorough
work in Judging breeds of sheep. Eighty
head of high class feeding cattle are used
in these exercises. Excursions are made
to successful cattle feeding and breeding
establishments and to noted stock farms.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14
HORTICULTURE.

The Propagation of fruit trees, vines,
and berry plants by means of grating,
budding, layering, cuttings, and seeds, and
what constitutes good stock for planting
in the orchard or berry field will be con-
sidered.
Soil and Location of the fruit planta-
tion, and how to select the proper soil for
fruits, the significance Of the slopes and
elevations, water and atmospheric drain
age, proximity to markets, facilities for
transportation, and other similar sub
jects will also be discussed. Planting,
tillage, pruning, fungous diseases, pick.
ing, packing, storing, and marketing will
be carefully presented.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14
TO PREVENT POTATO scAB.

Potato scab is a disease which renders
the potatoes unsightly, unstable and UNI
suited for use. The best preventive is to
treat the seed with a corrosive sublimate.
Before planting, soak the seed for ninety
minutes in a solution of two ounces OF
corrosive sublimate to sixteen gallo, of
water,
As a further %precaution never plant
potatoes on land where scabby potatoes
have recently been grown. Fresh stable
favors the development of potato
scab and should not be used directly on
the potato land, in places where pota-
toes are subject to scab. Newly cleared
iiaaT5 or fresh clover sod are favorable to
potato growing.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14
WHERE SHALL I PUT THE
ORCHARD

Where to put the orchard is a subject
that demands attention now.
Generally speaking apples trees thrive
best upon light, well drained land. A
gravelly subsoil is preferable to stiff
clay. In fact the subsoil Is IF more i'm
portance than the surface soil itself.
Hilly broken places are usually better
than level, fat areas. Many rugged hill
sides along our rivers, too steep for ordi-
nary tillage are excellent for apple
orchards. The deep, loamy ~"loess" soil
along our great rivers and some of their
tributaries, and the red soils of the bro
ken Ozark region are among the very
best apple soils. While some soils are
better than others almost my farm in
the State is capable of producing a good
family orchard that will many times re-
pay for the trouble and expense of grow
ing it. Good drainage to allow the roots
to penetrate is more essential than rich
ness of soil, so the less tillable places
on the farm may be selected for the or
chard.
Where there is opportunity for a
choice of slope, the local conditions and
varieties to be planted govern somewhat
the site that should be selected. Often
a northern or eastern slope is to be pre-
ferred. On rocky thin soils the northern
slopes are usually richer and they stand
the drouth better than the southern
slope. The buds start later on a north
ern slope, and are more liable to escape
late spring frosts. Other things being
equal the fruit is usually higher colored,
and it seems to be better favored on the
southern slope. If proper attention is
given to the selection of varieties, apples
may be grown successfully on any slope
If soil conditions are right. Low, damp
places should be avoided.
The character of the native forest trees
indicates to some extent the fitness of
the land for apple culture. Where the
nut trees, sugar maple, poplar, pawpaw,
linn or sumach thrive, apples usually do
well. The larger and finer the growth
of these native trees the stronger the in
dication that an orchard will thrive
there.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14

quality, however, is not the best. They
are remarkably cosmopolitan, succeeding
well in all parts of the State.
A commercial orchard should contain
from three to six leading sorts, and these
may generally be selected from the vari'
cites named above.
For a home orchard the main planting
should be of the commercial varieties
just mentioned, considering that they are
usually good keepers and will supply the
family needs throughout the winter. In
addition a few trees each, of some earlier
sorts should be included to give a success
sion of fruit from early summer until the
late ones are ripe. Such varieties as,
Yellow Transparent, Early Harvest, Red
Astrachan, Sweet June. Red June,
Rambo, Lowell, Maiden's Blush and Che
mango Strawberry make a good general
list.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14
COURSE IN AGRICULTURE.

soils.-The origin, formation, and dis
tribution Of soils. Their chemical and
physical properties as related to fertility.
classification Of soils with relation to
the ways in which they are affected by
water, air, and heat.
Farm Congratulations Of germina-
ION and plant growth special require
ments of the different farm crops; rota-
ton, cultivation, harvesting, and storing
81 crops; best varieties of corn, wheat,
ete., for Missouri; some discussion of
promising new crops, especially %fertiliz-
1ng crops-cow peas, soy beans, alfalfa,
ets. The College farm and experimental
efounds comprise nearly 600 acres of well
approved land IN which many expert
Ine'its illustrating various methods of
1afm management are made.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14

The picture shows what constitutes an
ideal type of dairy COW. The profit from
dairying depends more upon the selec-
ton of good animals than upon any other
one factor. The average cow in Mis-
souri, produces approximately 1875 pounds
of butter per year. There are a number
of herds in the State that average more
than 300 pounds of butter to the cow
annually. 1t is not impossible nor diff
cult for any farmer to secure the same
results by carefully selecting his herd.
Some dairy cows will eat a certain
amount of grain, hay and pasture during
twelve months and will produce 100
pounds of butter in a year. There are
other cows that will consume exactly the
same amount of food and will produce
therefrom 800 pounds of butter in a
year. This difference is not due to the
food fed. nor to the care received, but it
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14
THE BEST CHURN FOR FARM
USE.

The common barrel cnurn is undoubt-
eddy the best for general use on the farm;
1t ia easy to make a churn that will
make the butter come quicker than the
barrel churn, but 10 make the best butter
it is not desirable to churn In less than
one-half hour. On the other hand churn-
ing should not take over three-quarters
of an hour. Thousands of churns have
been made and patented but nearly all
are practically worthless, and the barrel
churn is now in almost universal use.
1t ia quite common for agents to sell
farmers patent churns after showing
that they will churn cream in two to five
minutes. There are many made that
will do this but they are not satisfactory,
as the grain of the butter is injured,
about one-half of the butter is left in the
buttermilk, and the price is much higher
than that of a good barrel churn.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14
THE BIG BEN DAVIS AND SOME
OTHER APPLES

The Big Ben Davis apple is one of the
leading varieties in the commercial or
chards of the State. Others in the same
class are Gano, Jonathan, York, Missouri
Pippin, Winesap, Grimes, Clayton, In
gram and Rome Beauty. Other sorts like
Jenet, Payne's Keeper, Huntsman and
Mammoth Black Twig are sometimes
profitable. Ben Davis and Gano, two
varieties that are very much alike, are
the leading commercial sorts. These two
varieties are more largely grown in Mis-
souri, than all other sorts combined. In
most localities experienced growers re-
commend planting at least half the or
chard to these varieties. The trees bear
heavily and the fruit ships better than
almost any other sorts, and they are
among the best cooking apples. Their
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14
ANIMAL HUsBANDRY.

Stock Feeding.-The composition and
digestibility Of feeding stuffsj the pres
ervation and preparation Of coarse fod-
ders; hay making; ensilage; grinding,
steaming, and cooking food; feeding
standards and the calculation of r~ations;
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14

is due altogether to the difference in the
efficiency of the two cows. Some COWS
possess the ability of manufacturing a
large amount of milk and butter from q
given amount of feed; other cows do not
possess this ability. The profitable cows
all possess certain characteristics in
common-they have what we call the
dairy type. They are usually wedged
shaped viewed from front, side and above,
have large prominent loins and hips and
capacious abdomen, and are especially
deep from the hips down. They are also
usually sharp at the withers, with ribs
wide apart and broad. In most cases
such cows are lean when in full milk.
This leanness is a good indication that
such cow are using all of the food which
they consume to produce milk and butter
and are not laying up fat in the body.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14

The best paying investment on the
average farm in Missouri is the select
ing Of well bred, highly improved corn
for seed. A bushel of seed corn will
plant ten acres of land. In a good year
500 bushels will thus be produced from
one bushel of seed. Very few operations
on the farm return a 500 fold increase.
Our main object is a large yield of
corn per acre. Careful study has shown
that ears of a certain size and shape,
and deep wedge shaped kernels will con
tribute to a large yield. In selecting
ears of corn. one should select those
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14

nAnno, the Uartnaglnlan, was sent
commissioner by the state after the
second carthaginian war to ~supplicate
for naaca and In fho and ohfafna1 ~
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14

I%uIuIaUes IOr UnaU time, oy
candy-pulling and sociable. All mem
bers and invited guests will please
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14

~s~a~ OOaSS"Vaen noS OVus az sVluS
fine residence lots, just north Of Mr..
Tom Hits place, and we understand
ic fallt,a - hvsadx.. g. -
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14

Mr.. and Mrs. Jacob Schopp and
daughters, Misses Hilda and Gussie,
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14

May not be all that is meant BY dsspPsia
now. but Il viii be II neglected.
The uneasiness after eating. fits OF nerv-
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14

the hst dose. 1t acts oGo neon, aAnihAon q &c. Lexington, KY.
promptly in cases Of chronic dyspepsia, indigestion and all stomach troubles
and does away with the Uncomfortable fulness ansea shnrfnees "a hu.ath
Mexico weekly ledger., 1904-01-14

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