davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1904-04-15

Frank ". Marshall of Campello. Mass,
late | Co., 1st Mass, Vol. lnfy., is tenn
porarily at post in X Co., waiting admis-
sion
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1904-04-15

r. T. Hazard. superintendent of the
shoe factory, left, Thursday, for Bos-
ton on business.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1904-04-15

The many friends Of Mrs. Augustus
Libby will be pleased to know that she
is recovering from her long illness.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1904-04-15

George Jameson, late of Monson, has
leased the pool and billiard room, re-
Gently occupied by II. II. Sawyer.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1904-04-15
NO DECISION
In Hartman Northern Securities Case
Announced, Thursday.

St Paul, Mimi, April 14.-No de-
cision i'll the Hartman Northern Sc
curitieS case was rendered, today.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1904-04-15

Again there is agitation regarding the
extension of the Electric road from
Gardiner to this village.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1904-04-15

Joseph Spellman returned, Thursday,
from a two weeks trip to New York
civ
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1904-04-15

Five dodgers received shelter at the
police station, Wednesday night.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1904-04-15

Louis Witham has secured the posi-
ton of clerk at the steamboat wharf.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1904-04-15

Mrs. S. G. Payne went to Portland.
Thursday, for visit with relatives
and friends.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1904-04-15

Mrs. Alice White left. Thursday. for
a visit with friends in Boston.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1904-04-15

Miss Ruth Strout returned, Thurs
,Materville.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1904-04-15

A crew of Maine Central painters are
in town painting switches and signals.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1904-04-15
The Concert Program.

March, Stockman.' Weiss
Overturc-"The Lady in White
Borildeu
"Sunburst" "a novelty, Glider
Ping Pong" Perrin
Selection fr The StrollerS," Roberts
WaltZes-"Undcr Southern Skies, Smith
Medley-"Fine and Daisy" Lnee
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1904-04-15

The regular meeting of the Samue
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1904-04-15

Mrs. Weston Lewis left. Thursday.
for visit in Boston.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1904-04-15
GARDINER ADVERTISEMENTS.
GROCERIES
HALLOWELL ADVERTISEMENTS

Our Window Display gives but a
faint indication of the grandeur and
beauty OF our Spring Preparation. We
invite you TO call and examine our
hrgc stock. Andrews Bros Hallowell
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1904-04-15

GARDINER.
Journals Telephone Call, 3-12.

Mrs. Will c. Atkins went to Portland.
Thursday.
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18
STRONG POINTS
IN SMOOT CASE
TESTIMONY WAS IMPORTANT.
PROMINENT MORMONs WERE ON
THE WITNESS STAND.

IL Was Admitted That smOOt Was
Present when Pcnrose, Known TO
BE n POlYGnmist, Was Elected n
Mormon ApOstle--AIIeged ReVeIa-
tiOns to Induce MOrmOns to Vote
the Republican ~Ticket-How the
Temple Records Are Guarded.
Washington, Dec. 17.-More impor-
tant testimony was brought out to-day
in the investigation of protests against
Senator Reed Smoot than at any time
in the present session of Congress.
The witnesses were Charles H. Jack
son, chairman of the Democratic State
Committee in Idaho; John Nicholson,
chief recorder in the Mormon temple
at Salt Lake City; Charles w. Pen
rose, editor of the Deseret News, and
an apostle of the Mormon Church,
William Bulge, president of the Bear
Lake Stake in Idaho, and Apostle John
Henry Smith of Salt Lake.
Mr.. Penrose was elected an apostle
last July, and the attorneys for Sem
ator Smoot admitted that the Sem
dtOf was present ana participated III
the election of Penrose. Mr.. Penrose
testified that he is a polygamist and
was known to have been such at the
time he was made an apostle.
AS an illustration of the local church
issue in the last election, Mr.. jack
son said the vote for Gooding, Repub-
lican candidate for Governor, ran be-
hind the vote of Roosevelt in Gentle
counties and ahead of Roosevelt in
the Mormon counties; while the vote
for Heitfeld, Democratic candidate for
Governor, ran ahead of Parker in the
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18
BACON SMILED WHEN
BELVA HAD THE FLOOR
Women Made Their Plea to Vote for
the Congressman.

women AACA ~ 'ONS AOA
the congressman.
Washington, Dec. 1.-THE resolution
granting to the women of the various
states the right to vote for members
of the House of Representatives was
made the basis of hearing before the
Senate Committee on Woman Suffrage
to-day. The question was presented
by a committee consisting of represen-
tatives of the Federal Woman's Equal
ity Association and including Mrs
Clara Bewick Colby, DR.. Clara w.
MacNaughton and Mrs. Belva Lock-
wood.
Mrs. Lockwood expressed the hope
that the congressional representation
of the Southern states would be re-
duced until the negroes are protected
in their rights of suffrage. The dec
laration brought a smile to the face
of Senator Bacon of Georgia, who is
chairman of the Suffrage Committee.
Mrs. Colby called attention to a Su-
preme Court decision to the effect that
negroes, being citizens, are entitled TO
vote in all the states, and drew the
conclusion that as women are citizens,
the same privilege should be awarded
them
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18
BIDS FOR AMMUNITION.
Prices Uncle Sam Must Pay for
shells for Big Guns.

Prices Uncle Sam Must Pay for
shells for BiE Guns.
Washington, Dec. 17.-Bids were
opened by the Ordnance Department
Of the army to-day for a large guam
tity of shells for the use of the depart
ment. The lowest bids were the fol-
lowing:
The Tredegar Company Of Richmond,
va, for 1000 12-inch mortar shells. s29
each; also 500 1O-inch shells at $3.50
each.
The Richmond Iron Works. 300 4.72-
inch shells at $2.7S each, to be delivered
in four months.
The United States Rapid Fire Com
pany's bid for the same shell was iden-
tical I'm amount but the delivery was
to be in six months. The Richmond
Iron Works, $500 18-pound shells at
Sl.53 each
James w. Carr of Richmond. va.
200 S-inch rifle shells at 1913 each. The
Phoenix Iron Works. 300 12-inch shells
at S2494.
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18
NAN PATTERSON WILL
GO ON THE STAND

Expected the Woman VIII Make a
Statement.
New York, Dec. 17.-Nan Patterson,
who is now on trial charged with the
murder of Caesar Young. will probably
go on the witness stand in her own
behalf.
She had for some time manifested
a desire to tell her version of the af-
fair and from present indications her
counsel will acquiesce. One of the law
yers has opposed the idea consistently,
but is said to have agreed to the
proposition when it was pointed out
that in nearly all of the recent promi-
nent murder trials in which the de-
fendant had not been allowed to testify,
a conviction followed.
1t is. believed that Nan Patterson
will be the only witness for the de-
fense.
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18
Lieut. Gen. Tsuchya Giving orders by Telephone to His Bades
HO0LEY NOT GUILTY.
Lawson, However, Was Given n Year
at Hard Labor.

AL nara LABOR
London, Dec. 17.-After three weeks
trial jury in the Central Criminal
Court to-day found Ernest Terah
Hooley not guilty and Henry ]. Law
son guilty of obtaining money under
false pretenses.
Lawson was sentenced to a years
imprisonment at hard labor. Execu-
tion of the sentence of Lawson was
postponed to permit an appeal to the
crown cases reserved court. He was
admitted to bail in $4,000.
Hooley, whose colossal bankruptcy
and the proceedings therefrom were the
sensation of 1898, was arrested in Lon
don May 10, last, on the charge of con-
spiracy to defraud. Since his bank
ruptcy Hooley had been connected with
various promotions, some of which led
to court proceedings.
Lawson, another company promoter,
was taken into custody the same day
in connection with the charge against
Hooley.
The technical charge against the
prisoners was defrauding Al. Payne
of $50,0O0 by selling him shares of ST.
berian gold mines and other worthless
concerns. Hooley was bailed in $40,-
900, and Lawson's bail was placed at
$40. .000
In 1898 Hooley was the biggest COM
pany promoter in Great Britain. He
was a multi-millionaire and was
prominently interested in bicycle. land
and meat companies. He reached the
pinnacle of his prominence in 1896,
when he promoted a tire company, as
the result of which he was supposed
to have cleared $12,500,000 At that
time Hooley was living sort of Count
of Monte Cristo existence, buying
yachts and race horses, and number
of historic country seats.
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18
the bonds until later. We are making
no application for bail"
No Bail Was Asked.


You appear for Mrs. Chadwick
alone?" asked the judge.
She is now in custody, is she not?'
Yes, sir. In cases where a prisoner
is in custody and bail is to be given"
said the court, the initial move must
come from the person so held. If that
person does not ask for liberty and
prefers to remain in custody there is
no need of fixing any amount of bail.
l understand that Mrs. Chadwick does
not wish TO give bail, and she can re-
main III CUSTODY"
THAT is perfectly satisfactory to the
government" said District Attorney
Sullivan, and the case as far as Mrs,
Chadwick was concerned was ended.
The nature of the proceedings was
a puzzle of Mrs. Chadwick. The af-
fair had been so hastily arranged that
she had no previous knowledge of it,
and had no idea what it meant.
When the judge left the bench she
turned to Mr.. Dawley and asked:
What does it mean? Why was l
brought here?"
1T is just a formality," replied Mr..
Dawley, "and fixes for the time being
your standing before the court. There
is nothing in it that affects the issue
of the trial one way or another"
This was evident to Mrs. Chadwick
and she rose to leave the room in a
manner considerably more energetic
than that in which she had entered it,
Wouldn't Give Her Drugs.
When she had reached her quarters
in the Jail, DIR. Wall again examined
Mrs. Chadwick and found her condi-
tion as good as could be expected
Mrs. Chadwick requested that medi-
cine brought from New York be sent
to her 1t is in the possession of Jail
er Eggers, and DR.. Wall ordered that
it be not given her. He said she was
under his treatment and that while
the drugs may be perfectly harmless,
he nevertheless was unacquainted with
the prescription and did not care to
have her take the medicine.
Sheriff Barry was to-day firm in
his determination not to allow either
Emil, Mrs. Chadwicks son, or Freda
Swanstrom, the womans nurse, to see
the prisoner. Sheriff Barry declared
to Marshal Chandler that he was re-
sponsible for the woman's keeping and
could not afford to allow any but her
counsel or those who obtain an or
der from the government officials to
visit her. He did not think 1t safe
to allow the boy and nurse to see
her.
Mr.. Dawley was asked this evening
if he intended to have his client plead
guilty at some later time.
MY request did not mean that" he
replied; "I simply wanted the priv
ilege, and this was the time to ask
for 1t. 1 meant nothing except that
I want as many privileges on my
side as 1 can obtain"
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18

WILL DETAIL MILES
AS CHIEF OF STAFF.

Washington. Dec. 17.-Gov.-elect
Douglas Of Massachusetts, recently
wrote Secretary Of War Taft asking
him n he would detail Lieut.. Gen.
Miles for the Governors stan, n ne
should make the request after his in
auRuration. Secretary Taft replied TO
Gov Douglas to-day. stating that by
direction OF the President he would
make the detail when requested TO do
80
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18
TO CUT DOWN THE CROP.
Tobacco Growers of Two states
Have That Intention.

Lynchb1rg. Va, Dec. 1.-THE Ex-
ecutive Committee of the Interstate
Tobacco Growers Association Of vir-
ginia and North Carolina met to-day
at South Boston and took steps to Sc
cure the curtailment OF the tobacco
crop next year Of at least so per cent.
in order to wage an active fight against
the American Tobacco Company. The
territory embraced in the association
is the old bright belt of the two states,
and represents 10000 planters. The
farmers are to be importuned to grow
diversified crops in order that they
may be In a position TO dictate 10 the
trust.
s. c. Adams of Charlotte county Is
president OF the association. which has
grown with wonderful rapidity since
It's organization last spring.
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18
Gentle counties and behind Parker In
the Mormon counties.
Revelation As 20 Ticket to Vote.


Revelation As 10 Ticket to Vote.
On cross-examination, Mr.. Jackson
said that Apostles Matthias Cowley
and John Henry Smith were among
those who went into Idaho and told
the people that there had been revel-
alton that they should vote the Re-
publican ticket. Questioned by At
torney VanCott, representing Senator
Smoot, the witness said he never had
heard these apostles declare that there
had been such revelations.
Mr.. VanCott brought out the fact
that there were about 10000 Mormon
votes out Of a total of 10000 votes in
the state. He asked the witness If 1t
was not true that although the Cen
tiles we're in large majority and that
the Democrats put an anti-Mormon
plank in their platform and the Re-
publicans refused 10 put In such a
plank, the Republicans carried the
state by a very large majority.
That is a bald fact" responded the
witness, but he added that the infer
ence drawn by the attorney from the
question was not justified.
Mr.. Jackson contended that there
were ack-Mormons." or Gentiles who
are Mormon In political affairs. who
are able TO control elections.
WOuAu w ~
Much time was spent trying 10 get
from Recorder Nicholson Information
as to the whereabouts OF the temple
marriage records, particularly the book
where sealings were recorded. The
witness would not admit he knew
where 20 find the latter. He said he
would not give up the book even n he
were arrested and put I'm Jail.
Mr.. Ponr0se said he was a polyga-
mist with two plural wives living. He
has children by his first plural wife,
but none born since the manifesto.
"Did you receive special amnesty NJ
the hands OF President Cleveland IN
which one OF the conditions was that
YOU should hereafter obey the laws re-
latinR 10 living IN polygamy7' asked
Mr.. Tayler.
"Yea. SIR"
"And YOU have lived up 10 that am
nesty1'
no. STR"
Chairman Burrows said be wanted
10 have q made clear whether Apostle
1moof una present Az ihe conference
which elected Nf, hrnroao an ap0nfle
rot fscflYlnH q direct answer. ~.
WorhinEion, counsel for fenstor
Confined 81 Seventh pseo.
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18
THREE BURNED TO DEATH.
1t Is Believed the Crime of RobberS
Was Covered in Murder.

1t Is Believed the Crime OF hoDDery
Was Covered in Murder.
Little Rock. Ark, Dec. IA spec
ial to the Gazette from Monticello
says:
W.. NJ. Stevenson and his wife and
Mrs. Willie Barrett, visitor, have
been burned to death in the Stevenson
home, twelve miles east of Monti-
cello.
When neighbors reached the house
they found the bodies Of the inmates
burned beyond recognition. Sheriff
Wilson made an investigation and sent
TO Pine Bluff for bloodhounds.
Stevenson was known to keep con-
siderable money in the house and It
Is believed the house was attacked for
the purpose OF robbery and set on
fire 20 cover the crime.
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18
THREE WERE KILLED.

Several others Injured At a Fire in
brooklyn.
New York. Dec. 17.-Three persons
were killed and several injured, two
fatally, in fire in a three-story brick
residence at 1874 South Main street in
the Williamsburg section of Brooklyn
to-day. The dead:
Alice Swinson.
Arden Reynolds, aged 40.
Charles H. Lincoln, painter, 20 years
The fire was caused by the explosion
of an oil stove. Most of those who lost
their lives were caught in the upper
stories of the building, from which
there were no fire escapes.
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18
P0ST0FFICE AT EUTAW
WAS ROBBED OF 81 800.

Nashville, Tenn, Dec. ia special
from Eutaw, Ala, says that the safe
in the postohice at that place was
blown open last night by professional
cracksmen and stamps and money to
the amount of 81 500 were taken.
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18
HUNG IN THE RIGGING
or SHIP FOR A WEEK.

Norfolk. Va. Dec. iT.--Aftsr hanging
head downward from the rigging OF
the wrecked schooner Montana for q
weak. me body ~ Henry Edwards
VAS washed ~ nfa to-day when the
ship pounded - pieces.
Al fhe cfeN. with fha exception of
EfWafeH. were laFel| iie fone 40
Qsafh ln ne iEglng,
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18
SIX WERE KILLED
BY WOOD ALCOHOL.

Ashland, KY, Dec. ia report has
reached here that Capt sprlgss and
nye others OF tho crew OF a pushboat
from Prest0nHburg are dead AZ the
mouth Of Beaver creek, from the sf-
fsoie of drinking wood alcohol.
Several others Or the crew who drank
~ ths aleohoi are reported oui ~ dan
gef.
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18
GULF STREAM RUNS
LIKE A MILL RACE.

II f. Impeding some Vessels ana
Carrying Others Too Fast.
Norfolk. Va. Dec. 17-Capt. Hadden
OF the British steamer Monmouth.
which arrived here to-day, reported at
the photographic Office that the Gulf
Stream current Is running north At a
rate OF eighty miles day, and south
bound sailing vessels are stalled in
great numbers by the current. which
is carrying northbound craft up the
coast ahead OF their schedules.
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18
NO DEsPhlRIKG TONE
USED BY sT0ESSEL

r. Petersburg, Dec. i7.-Ths con-
@nie " Lieut. Gen. sfoeaFela ois-
patehes ~ Emperor Nicholas received
lasi nighi hnYe ngf ycf been c0mmuni.
lsff ere unoDfHinatie q IA gnHaFffD9f
lnaf tnf report "a nei egsgied a. a
eespaiTiHG ione,
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18
DYNAMITE WAS USED.

Sensation Promised I'm the Burst
Reservoir Investigation.
Raleigh, N. c.. Dec. ia special
from winston salem, N. c., says:
Evidence has been discovered tending
to show that the reservoir disaster by
which nine people lost their lives here
on Nov. 2. was caused by dynamite,
used by parties unknown. 1t is stated
to-day that a dynamite cartridge was
found few days after the bursting
of the reservoir near the broken walls
and that it is now in the possession OF
a city official.
An investigation has been proceeding
for some time, but it's results have not
been made public.
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18
IN TROLLEY COLLISION
one Person Was killed and Several
Were Injured.

Allentown, Pa, Dec. H.-One person
was killed. one fatally injured and
several others received serious iniur-
ies ln a collision between two trolley
ears on fhs slatington line o. tho Le-
high Valley Traction Company 90
day. The accident occurred - the iron
bridge iD ihis cify and wa due 70
fhe signals failing 20 Work,
Wnnsm INK. sn slecfrieiau iu fbs
employ ~ fhs tracfioD company, was
cauFbf be0enfh one n fhs care sn1
Nas ~ badly crushed fhaf ~ eieg .
short fins istsfs
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18
BLoODHoUNDS SENT
BYA SPECIAL TRAIN.
Were wanted 60 Track an Assassin
40 Dem0DoIis.

Selma. Ala, Dec. ia telephone
message reached Selma, asking Sheriff
Blackwell % send bloodhounds 20 De-
mopoils 20 assist IN tracing aasassins
Of a prominent citizen. ana a special
train was made up on which the dogs
were transported 20 the scene.
Tho particulars ~ the killing, as
learned over the telephone. are that
Or. n. r.. Foaque wna the victim. his
body being found by a negro lying
near the railroad frank. a load of
buckfhOf uan sent Into HE body. "A
e0Id watch Hae missing.
Thsrs n 30 clue 70 tht asnnsuin
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1904-12-18
WRECKED SCHOONER BURNED.
The Clara Goodwin Had Been Aban-
doned on Diamond shoals.

Norfolk. Va, Dec. 1.-THE United
States cruiser Topeka reported ON her
arrival to-day the burning of the aban-
doned four-masted schooner Clara
Goodwin off Diamond Shoals.
The cruiser stood by the craft, but
no signs of life were discernible. The
crew evidently sought safety in small
boats and probably have been picked
up by one of the several sailing vessels
in sight. The British steamer Mon
mouth, which arrived to-day, also re-
ported standing by the burning Ves-
sci.
The Goodwin sailed from Port Tampa
for Philadelphia, Dec. 1, with phos-
phate rock. She was sighted and
spoken thirty miles off Diamond
Shoals, Dec. .. so she had not made
much progress from then until she
was burned.
Portland Me-, Dec. 17.-The schoon-
er Clara Goodwin, which was seen
burning off Diamond Shoal, halls from
this port. She is a large vessel of
945 gross tonnage, and SAC net. She
was built at Bath in 1887. Her length
is 19l 2 feet, beam 3S.S, and her depth
of hold 1876 feet.
The schooner was owned by j. s..
Winslow & Co., of this city and was
valued at $4,000. She was bound from
Port Tampa to Philadelphia with a
cargo of phosphate rock. Capt. p.
J. Ostman of Portland was in COM
mand and crew of eight men were
shipped here Sept. ~, as follows: r..
S. Mcintyre, mate; j. Smith, engineer;
II. Seaford, cook; oscar Oleson. w.
b. Clark, Welland Waltnous, Felix
Wydell and Ag Oleson, seamen.
The National tribune. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1877-1917, 1904-09-08
THE NATIONAL TRIBUNE

successive stages. On Sept. 30 Detroit and
Fort Maiden were occupied, the British
forces retreating eastward up the valley OF
the Thames. pursued by the Americans. On
Oct. 5, at place then known as Moravian
Towns. they were brought to action, routed
and wholly dispersed After the engage
ment. which in American history is called
the Battle of the Thames. Gen. Proctor
reached Ancaster with only 200 men,
whence he again retired upon Burlington
Heights, at the head of Lake Ontario
THE CONTROVERSY BETWEEN PERRY AND
ELLIOTT.
After the battle came as fierce battle
between the partisans of Perry and Elliott
which was kept up for years in spite of
every effort to end it. The end came only
with the death of both the officers. Perry's
report. which reflected severely upon FL
lott and brought charges against him. was
pigcon-holed by President Monroe, and the
Court of Inquiry which Elliott succeeded
in having ordered was notable in not sum.
moning Perry or any of his principal off
GERS. Volumes of statements were filed on
both sides, but in none of these had there
been cross-examinations by the other side
SO that no verdict could ever be reached
Congress gave both gold medals. and sew
eral States also gave swords and other hon
ors to Perry. Elliott. and the officers who
participated in the conflict.