davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1904-04-19

O'Clock in the morning and most OF
the officers and members Of the crew
were at breakfast on the flagship. Vice
Admiral Makaroh was eating break
fast IN his cabin and the warroom
was crowded with officers surrounding
the tables On the bridge Grand Duke
Cyril his friend. Lieutenant Won Kobe;
Captain Jakoylon commanding the
vessel. and two other officers were on
watch examining the narrow entrance
preparatory to entering II.
At about $50 o'clock there was a
terrific explosion Of the boilers, fol
lowed a few seconds later by De
tonation from the well-stored maya
zines
Huge gaps were torn In the hull OF
the ship and the water rushed in. The
center Of gravity having gone. tie ship
rolled on her side and sank.
All Information tends 10 prove that
a mine was responsible for the dc.
struction OF the PetropayloYsk
The scene below will never be- de.
scrbed. for SO FAR as known not a
single person between decks succeeded
in escaping The hot steam which
scalded the men on deck Indicated
what must have been the character OF
the death met by those In the engine
room. The men ON deck were thrown
I'm all directions some falling into the
water. swimming and grasping the
wreckagp 10 which some OF them were
able 70 cling
The remainder Of the squadron I'm
mediatcly lowered small boats. and
the torpedo boats steamed as quickly
rs possible to the rescue Of the sur
ylvOrs
The escape Of Grand Duke Cyril
and Lieutenant Won Kobe was nothing
short OF miraculous. The force OF the
explosion sent Grand Duke Cyril fly
ing across the bridge and the base OF
his skull struck on an iron stanchion.
Fortunately he did not lose conscious
ness. Relieving that the ship was
about 10 sink. he clambered hastily
down It's side and boldly plunged into
the water. He succeeded In reaching
a piece of wreckage. 10 which he chung.
The Grand Duke was in the water
about % minutes before he was picked
MP by a torpedo boat Lieutenant Won
Kobe was also found swimming and
was picked mp Captain Jakolen was
thrown against stanchion with such
force that he was killed.
Grand Duke Cyrils injuries were Sc
we're. Besides receiving a blow on the
neck. his legs were burned. and he
suffered a serious shock. He was
taken Immediately TO a hospital at
Port Arthur. where his injuries were
attended TO. He will remain there for
three days and will then be brought to
ST. Petersburg.
Count CRUDE. aide to Grand Duke
Vladimir. accompanied by physician.
started last night for the Far East
He will meet Grand Duke Cyril prob
ably at Baikal
The exact number Of Vice Admiral
Makaroff's stan on board the Petro-
pavloysk when she sank is unknown,
pavlovsq when she sank is unknown.
but II IS thought by the admiralty to
be probably - or l6. The exact num-
Der of the crew lost is also unknown.
The Petropavlovsk had a complement
of about $50, of which 80 were saved
at last accounts.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1904-04-19
No Accident. Saws urlu.

Toxic. April ia brief report from
Rear Admiral Uriu of Wednesdays
fighting off Port Arthur has reached
the navy department It says Vice
Admiral Togo's fleet attacked Port
Arthur in the morning and succeeded
in sinking a battleship Of the Petro-
pavlovsk class and one torpedo boat
destroyer The Japanese sustained no
losses. One Japanese was wounded.
A detailed report of the engagement
is expected hourly.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1904-04-19
THE MlssouRrs NARROW ESCAPE
Heroism Of Gunner's Mate Saved Bat
tleship From Destruction.

Heroisn1 of Gunner's Mate Saved Bat
tleship From Destruction.
Pensacola, Fla, April 1J.-That the
newest battleship OF the navy, the Mis-
souri,. had narrow escape from being
blown to pieces by the explosion of
magazine and also being beSSled, has
come to light Captain William 5.
rowles prevented the latter when the
vessel was within $50 yards Of the
beach by giving orders that the ships
course be changed. Chief Gunners
Mate Monson saved the ship and lives
of over 600 men by jumping into the
open magazine and closing the door
behind him.
II is stated that when the officers
heard the explosion in the turret and
saw the fire tapping through the top,
they realized the hot magazine would
next explode, and headed the ship for
the beach. intending to beach her II
possible before the explosion. Captain
Cowles quickly stopped the plan and
Dul lIlt sup UdNh w NNo-
first explosion occurred in the turret
the men In the handling room knew in
an instant what had occurred. The
big magazine door was open, and
standing against It were four charges
of powder. without a moments hesl-
tation, Gunners Mate Monson showed
these aside, and, jumping into the
magazine, pulled the door close after
him.
The magazine was totally flooded
with water. and when the men opened
the door they found Monson barely
alive. the water having reached to
his neck. The damage to the battle
ship is much greater than was stated
at first The estimated damage caused
by the explosion will reach $4,000.
The list of dead now numbers 81.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1904-04-19
A. Business Record.

We feel like and do congratulate ourselves upon attaining
in this community business reputation that indeed enviabe
O recent inventory shows marked advancement IN every de
ept of our business apd fully realize these conditions
have arisen by reason Of close attention to our customers
wants our conservative manner OF dong business our close
and correct prices on every article leaving store and last
Int NOT least the valuable support many customers have
given us Cur purpose to continue serving you better and
better all the time and possible convince every housekeeper
in this section that the best cheapest and safest
place in fredericksburg make your purchases the grocery
line.
Early Rose Seed Potatoes,
Gold Medal" Mimi Family Flour
Fredericksburg Flour
Fresh Ground Corn Meal
Hans BAG and LAID
And Groceries of every description, at
Wholesale Retail
w. /. Grammar.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1904-04-19
Deny JAps SANK sArTLesAIp
Russia's Official Version Of Loss Of the
PetropaVloVsk.

PetropaVloVsk.
ST. Petersburg, April l5.-Rear Adj.
miral Uriu's statement that Vice Ad'
miral Togos fleet was responsible for
the sinking OF the battleship Petro-
payloysk at Port Arthur Is officially
denied here A member OF the general
STAFF said that the adyices received do
not show that a naval engagement
took place. unless the cornering and
sinking OF the torpedo boat destroyer
Bezstrashni can be 50 denominated.
The official version Of the sinking 81
the battleship Petropayloysk has been
given out and II clears up to great
extent the mysterious features Of that
vessels destruction. This version Is
as follows:
Retiring before the advance OF su
perior japanese feet, which was net
fighting its progress. the Russian
squadron approached the entrance o.
the harbor II was shortly after
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1904-04-19
For over Sixty Years.

Mrs Winslow's Soothing Syrup has
oeen used for over sixty years by millions
OF mothers for their children while teeth
ing, with perfect uccess. II soothes the
child, softenf Oh gums, allays all pains,
cures wind collie, and ia the best remedy
for Diarrhoea. IL will relieve the poor
little sufferer Immediately. Sold by
Druggists in every part OF the world.
twenty-five cents bottle. BE sure and
ask for "Mrs. Wipslow's Soothing
Syrup" and taks no other
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25
The Work Of Landing an Al

and a plentiful amount of cordage.
Sometimes by flashing two of the canal
barges together, but at a distance of
some twelve feet apart, and by throw
ing over both of them a false or addi-
tiOnal deck a platform would be formed
capable of holding forty to fifty horses
or a six gun field battery. Such boats,
drawing but about four feet of water,
could be used where there was not
much depth and also could be utilized
to form what is called a wharfhead
alongside of which the laden transports
could come to discharge their cargoes
of men, animals and supplies.
A pontoon bridge was sometimes con
structed from this wharfhead to the
shore, over which men and animals
could walk and artillery and supplies
could be wheeled or carried ashore
However, the methods varied according
to circumstances. and sometimes where
the water near shore was of sufficient
depth double canal boats were used for
RATS to disembark horses and supplies.
The japanese in disembarking troops
at Chemulpo, for instance, had to con-
tend with many unusual difficulties, for
twice a day the tide rises and falls some
thirty feet, and on either side of the
narrow channel available for launches
lighters, etc, there are mud flats miles
in extent. The Decentralization here
had to be by lighters sculled by coolies
or towed by small launches, and the
distance from the anchorage where the
transports lay to the landing jetty is
two miles. Anticipating the existence
of unusual difficulties. the japanese
brought with them steam launches,
several hundred fiat bottomed boats
and six tank water boats rugged with
hand pumps. After the landing of the
first $500 men the army engineers went
to work, Communicated Korean junks
for use as pontoons, placed cleated
gangways across and between them,
forming floor over all. and thus con
structed bridges over which the work
of Decentralization could proceed. The
transport department of the japanese
army was able in a single week to land
lo0,0 600 tons of supplies, 10000 men and
$500 cavalry horses. OF course this
was done without interruption from an
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25
HEARINe % IMsEcrs

The naturalists have not as yet been
able to answer the burning question,
Ian bees hear2" but their researches
along that line have resulted in many
queer discoveries. Simply because a
bee has no ears on the side Of its head
IL is no sign whatever that he is wholly
without some sort of an auditory nervRs
The last assertion is proved by the face
that grasshoppers, crickets, locusts
and flies all have their ears situated in
queer places-under the wings, on the
middle Of the body and even on the
sides Of their legs. The garden slug. or
shell-less snail, has his organs Of hear
ing situated on each side of his neck.
and the common grasshopper has them
on each of his broad. fat thighs. IN
some OF the smaller insects they are at
the bases of the wings and in ofhers -,
the bottom Of the feet
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25
YeZ10zu sea

Korea, with fine commodious harbor.
Connected by submarine cable with ia
pan, Fps miles distant.
HAGI-A japanese port on the west
coast of Nippon, facing Fusan.
HAICHENG.-A walled city about thir-
ty miles east of Newchwang-
KODATE.-Japanese fortified naval
station and dockyard in Yesso, on the
north side of Tsugaru strait. nearly oppo-
site VIadivostok on mainland, from which
it is 40 miles distant.
HARBIN.-Important place on Trans
siberian railway and junction of lines
from Vladivostok and Port Arthur, re-
spectively- $50 and $50 miles distant
HSINNIINTUN.-No terminus of
Chinese Northern railway. distant thirty
miles from Mukden.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS town in Manchu-
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25

Yellow sea. at the mouth of the Yong
dang river
KUPANGTSE.-A junction on the Chi
nese Northern railway. where the lines
from Newchwang and Hsinnintun meet
KURE.-Near Hiroshima on the Inland
sea The second largest naval arsenal IN
Japan. with docks and armor plate works
F<WANGTUNG--The name given 10 the
territory in the Liautong peninsula &C
quired by Russia in 1888.
kYENGHEUNCs.-Ru korean trad
ing mart on the Tumen river.
LAKE BAIKAL.-An immense fresh
water lake covering an area of 1880 miles
on the line of the Transsiberian railway,
in which it forms the only break DIS
tant 1000 miles from Port Arthur.
LAO RIVER.-Chief river Of Manchu-
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25

600 inhabitants at the junction of Ussuri
and Amur rivers. Connected by railway
with Vladivostok, All miles distant.
KIAOCHAU. - German possession on
south coast of Shangtung promontory in
north China Acquired on lease from Chi
ma in 1898 for term of ninety-nine
years
KINCHAU.-A point of great strategic
value situated on the narrow neck of land
just above Port Arthur.
KIRIN.-Capital of central Manchuria
on the Sungari. 1t is famous for the
beauty of its situation.
KOREA.-A peninsula stretching south
war; from Manchuria. Area equal to
that IF Great Britain.
KOREA STRAIT.-Separates Japan and
Korea. The island of Tsushima divides it
into two channels.
KUNsAN.-Korean treaty port on the
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25

about halfway between Seoul and Man
churian frontier. The japanese gained a
great victory over the Chinese here in
war of 1894.
PITSEWO.-TIarbor on the east coast of
Liautong peninsula, well protected, but
shallow. 1t marks the east end of north
ern boundary of Russian territory
PORT ADAMS-An inlet eighteen miles
in depth on west coast of Liautong pen
twenty feet.
PORT ARTHUR.-On Liautong PENN
sula. Russia's naval stronghold on the
Yellow sea Japan captured il during the
war with China, but had to surrender it
at the instance of Russia. Germany and
France. who considered that its posses
sion by Japan would be detrimental to
the lasting peace of the orient" In 1885
Russia acquired it on a twenty-five years
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25
L.Raz1al

ANTUNG.-A Chinese town near the
mouth of the Yalu river.
BLONDE ISLANDS.-A group of rocky
islets forty-five miles east of Dalny, now
in possession of the Japanese.
CHANGTU--A large town on the Man
chUrian railway.
Navigation limit of the
Nalu river. fifty miles distant from its
month
CHEMULPO.-Chief treaty port of Ko-
rea twenty-four miles distant from the
capital, Seoul, with which it is connected
by railway.
CHEFU.-A treaty port in north China
and important coaling station, distant
ninety miles from Port Arthur.
CHINNAMPO.-Kore treaty port on
Yellow sea on north side of the Taidong
fnlct. 1t is the port for Pingyang.
CHONGJU.-A town in northern Korea.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25

birthplace of dynasty. Distant 100 miles
from Yingkow and 256 from Port Arthur.
The town which is the greatest fur mar
ket in the world is surrounded by a high
embrasured wall three miles in circum-
ference. Population 250.OOO-
NAGASAkI-Japanes treaty port on
island of Kiusiu. Great coal stores and
best dock accomm odation in Japan. One
of the ports of embarkation for troops
during present campaign.
NEWCHWANG.-The treaty port for
Manchuria, on Lao river. thirteen miles
above the bar. Its name in Manchuria is
Yingkow, or Yingtze, the town Of New
chwang properly so called, lying thirty
miles inland. Newchwang stretches for
three miles along right bank of Lao and
is the terminus of Northern Chinese rail-
way from Picking and Tientsin. New
chwang is 1S3 miles from Port Arthur by
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25

ria, close to border of Russian Primorsk
province.
INLAND SEA. - Between Nippon and
Shikozu, with two entrances from the
Pacific. both strongly fortified.
JAPAN-An island empire extending
for 700 miles along the eastern coast of
Asia consisting of five principal Islands
of Yesso, Nippon, Shi1oku, hfusiu and
Formosa, with many hundreds of smaller
ones.
KAICHOW.-Sam as Kaiping.
KAIPING.-District city near the Liau-
tong gulf a short distance south of New
chwang 1t is on the Manchurian rail-
way.
KASAN.-A good anchorage on the
northwest coast of Korea.
KHABAROvsK.-R town of TO-
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25

where the first land engagement Of the
war was fought
DALNY.-Russia' commercial seaport
on Yellow sea, situated on east coast Of
Liautong peninsula in Victoria bay. Dis
lance to Port Arthur about twenty-five
miles. Chief terminus of the Transsiberi-
an railway.
ELLIOT GROUP.-An irregular chain
of islands, fifteen miles in extent, off east
coast of Liautong peninsula.
FENGW - The Gate of
Korea and great emporium for Korean
trade distant about forty miles from the
Yalu.
FUCHAU.-A departmental city with a
Mantchoo garrison in Liautong peninsula,
close to the Manchurian railway
FUSAN.-Chief treaty port in southern
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25

ria, flowing into Liautong gulf. Naviga-
bic for 200 miles. Newchwang is situated
near its mouth.
LIAUTONG PENINSULA, or Regents
Sword. The promontory forming the
most southern portion of Manchuria. on
which stand Port Arthur and Dalny.
LIAOYANC.-Walled town of 900 in
habitants on the Manchurian railway,
about forty miles south of Mukden. The
road to Antung on Yalu river starts from
here.
LIAUSHAN. - A mountain 1900 feet
high, at southwestern extremity of Liau-
tong peninsula. 1t was off this point that
the japanese ships took their position
when they bombarded Port Arthur on
March 10 and u.
AIZURU.-Japanese naval arsenal and
government dock yard on west coast of
Nippon.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25
THOUGHT LITTLE OF COLUMBUS.

THOUGHT LITTLE OF COLUMBUS.
Mr.. Charles Hawtrey does not share
the American admiration and respect
for Columbus. Proof of this is found
in a story which has just come to hand
expressive of the Englishmans awalz-
ening to the immensely OF the United
States
During his recent American tour Mr..
Hawtrey was strongly impressed by the
long journey between New York and
San Francisco. one night in the smok-
ing room of the Pullman car CONVERSE
ton turned on Columbus. A loquacious
commercial traveller emphasized his
opinion that "aII good Americans owed
an everlasting debt of gratitude to the
discoverer Of his country"
This brought Mr. Hawtrey out Of his
corner with an emphatic gesture.
"Gratitudel Gratitude for discover
ing a place of this sizei" he exclaimed.
Nothing OF the sort. Why, he couldn't
have very well missed it il he had
wanted to!''
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25

MANCHURIA.-The three provinces of
the Chinese empire lying north of the
great wall Area $4,000 miles, or double
that Of Japan. Ninety per cent of inhab-
itants are Chinese.
MASAIPHO.- Treaty port in southwest
Korea Distant 160 miles from Nagasalzi
Russia attempted to gain foothOld here
in 1899.
MATsUE. = Rehtting yards on west
coast of Nippon.
MATSUSHIMA.-Is off east coast
of Korea belonging TO Japan.
MOKPO.-Treaty port in southwestern
Korea on the Yongsangang river. seven
miles from sea.
MORGAN. - Japanese fortified naval
station in island of Yesso.
MUKDEN.-Capital of Manchuria and
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25

ashore the horses were made to jump
three or four feet from the bottoms of
the boats to the quay
The use Of pontoons has been much
resorted to by the japanese in recent
operations of the coast of Manchuria
and Korea, and their facility in the
construction of these has proved an inn
portant factor in military maneuvers.
The business of constructing RATS and
wharfs and similar means Of transport
or Decentralization is one which is care
fully studied by the military command
er and those under him to whom such
duties are assigned. The artillery COM
mander especially must anticipate all
emergencies by seeing that proper pro-
vision is made in advance for the land
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25

railway and is the starting point of two
great highways. one to the north through
Mukden and one to the Yalu river. via
Fuchau, Pitsewo and Takushan.
NIIGATA--Treaty port on west coast
of Nippon.
NIKOLSK--A town sixty-eight miles
north of Vladivostok. where the railway
lines from Hardin and Khabarovsk
join.
Observation-Disclosures yards in north Of
Nippon.
OOMORI = japanese naval station on
south side of Tsugaru strait.
OSAkA--The WooIwich of Japan and
second city Of the empire
PlNGHANei-Fhe third city Of Korea.
4 large walled town on right bank Of
Taicong river. seventy miles from sea and
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25
I Army on a Foreign Shore

about taking the water when he comes
to it on a march. Generally the horse
is lowered over the side of the vessel
by singing" There is a small boat
in attendance to unlock the fall and
clear the sling and give the horse the
right direction when he starts to swim
to the shore. When the japanese land
ed at Chemulpo fat bottomed boats
were brought alongside the transports.
and the horses were raised in sings
and lowered into them. When brought
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25

~ tSzeJ has surprised the
947e y 5.-Zs world. Much of the
esSI2 Ea5ss9ez<aAY success they have
met with has been due to their mastery
of details like those involved, for in
stance, in the landing of troops. The
Decentralization of an army is an opera
ton requiring a high degree of military
and executive ability. The japanese
officers have learned this part of the
business OF warfare so well that when
it became necessary recently to land a
large body of men at Chemulpo, Korea,
with the utmost dispatch the operation
was effected rapidly and without con
fusion The same ability in handling
the movements of troops and the dis
position of supplies has been shown in
subsequent operations.
The japanese, because of their care
full attention to all the details involved,
have been able to accomplish with
seeming ease what are really Herculean
feats. In the Decentralization of an
army preparations must be made in ad-
vance for transferring men, horses, ar
tlllery, ammunition, rations, tents, hos
pital supplies, pack animals, etc. to the
land without confusion and under strict
rules of discipline so that nothing will
be lost or stolen, every man from staff
officer to humblest servant knowing his
work and doing it.
The way in which troops are landed
depends, of course, on the depth of the
water at place of landing, wharf ac-
commodations or lack of them and 9TH
er local conditions. Where there are
wharfs the operation is simplified. But
very often these do not exist, and pom
roon boats are utilized to get men and
supplies ashore. Lumber, ground tao
Idle. cordage and tools have to be
brought into play for the work of re-
Inovai. During the civil war when dis
embarkation was to be made on an
a9en shore it was customary to provide
n advance several canal barges, a
number of pontoon boats, gangplanks
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25

pectation Of attack during its progress
consideration must be given to condi-
tons which will permit of the fire of
the fleet clearing the country in front
Under the latter conditions the infan-
try is first landed and pushed suffi-
GENTLY in advance to keep the enemy
beyond cannon range of the landing
place. After the infantry has formed
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25

ing OF the weapons Of destruction I'M
der his particular charge. Should such
a commander fail to provide the reQui-
site means for Decentralization disaster
to the army might result
JENNINGS NJ BROWN.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25

enemy, but nevertheless it was a re-
markable feat. When a landing Of
troops and supplies is made in the ex-
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25

scriptions Of most of these places
follow:
ASIUR RIVER.-Drains eastern siberia
from Lake Baikal to the north racine
Navigable for 1000 miles.
ANJU.-A town in Korea, fifty miles
from the Yalu and forty miles north Of
PingyanG-
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1904-05-25

, its line and intrenched preparations are
made for landing the batteries
Singing horses is an interesting
part Of a Decentralization. Horses are
landed from transports in various ways
When the deck of the vessel is low and
there is a gangway they may be backed
off into the water. but this is liable to
strain the animal or make him shy