The Montgomery advertiser., 1904-05-08
N THE IVORY CITY
oDJEcTs or HISTORICAL INTER
 EFT TO BE SEIN.
Log Cabin in Which Theodore Roose. welt Lived During His Resi-
 dsnce in North Dakota.
 Ancient Steam Engines.

st. Louie, May 7.--(Special )--With the great St. Louis Exposition open to the iupIic It will no doubt be interesting to readers to have enumerated few of the things which are to be seen in the Ivory City. The extent and scope of the vari- ou3 exhibits Is so tremendous that it IS not possible to go at length into a full asscr1ption of any particular class of ex- niDits. consequently in this letter will be told Of some Of the objects of historical interest which no visitor to the Expo3i- ton would miss seeing.
 In the Agricultural Building is the log cabin in which Theodore Roosevelt, Pres ident of the United States, lived on the North Dakota prairies for three years lsSS-lss6. It is located in the North Da- hota Pavilion. The cabin was located on the Presidents ranch on, the Little Missouri River in what is known as the Fad Lands" and near Mendora. It is tho original cabin. and was taken down and sent to the Exposition, where 1t was set up exactly as it was on his ranch. He'll recognize 1t when he sees 1t. The cabin Is built of hewn logs and Is one story, with two rooms. one of them hav- inS been Mir. Roosevelt's sleeping room. There are fouf windows with eight panes of glass to the window, and the cabin Is very much like other cabins one can seo today on the Western plains. On one of 1the corners is the iron ring to which MT. Roosevelt used to fasten his horse, and on one of the ends of the logs are marks of cartridge shells that he burned therein.
 Passing to the Transportation Building one will see many examples of early transportation machinery that is inter- esting as 1t Is something that one can contrast with the present. There is shown the progress of locomotive build- ins from the beginning to the present. One of the engines is No. 1. "old Iron sldes," built by the Baldwin works. It is braced with timbers and the boiler Is wrapped with dove-tailed boards and bound with brass bands. There is also shown the Pioneer" another Baldwin engine, that was the first locomotive in Chicago. to which place 1t vas shipped by boat in 1s45. to run on the Galena and Chicago. the foundation of the present Chicago and Northwestern system. The Thomas Jefferson" Is the first locomo- tive owned by the Baltimore and Ohio. and ran from Baltimore to Relay and stands today as 1t was when taken out Of fifty-eight years of service, which shows how long an engine lasted in the old days.
 One of the peculiar engines of the old days is the one dubbed the sAmphibions. |" IL is correctly named. It was made to run on ,land without rails, and when a stream was reached 1t plunged in and crossed. having propeller. This was in 1so4-1oo years ago. It has board bed and is built like the present-day Hat boats and the machinery for its propui- sion is very old, wholly different from
 ia a.so Sir Isaac Newton's idea of motive DC wer by steam of about 1880. It con- sists only of huge boiler almost round, over a fire box, and has spout in the rear His idea was that the escaping steam against the atmosphere would be sufficient force to propel 1t. The engineer sat in front. There are also engines to run on rails where the engineer in front guide the machine by turning the front wheel with crank. There Is also Hadley's demonstration of adhesion. In the first days of railroading the wheels were roughed. the belief being that smooth wheels would not grip" the track and in most instances the track was also reughed Hadley, an English man, believed that the smooth wheels would stick. so he built engines and cars with smooth wheels and the track was smooth, but he loaded the cars and en- gInes down with weights So that the wheels would stick There is an end- less array of old street cars and stage coaches. and models of early steamships and steamboats and also the strictly up- to-date trains. engines and steamships and trolley cars.
 In this collection is also a typical stage coach of the old days. with the body sus- pended on leather straps so that 1t "swung" instead of sprung" as in mod ein vehicles. There Is a drop in the rear for baggage and on top are two seats aside from the box for the driver, 5nd inside are three seats. It Is put to- gtther with the hardest of hickory wood and everything shows how solidly they built stage coaches in the days before there were railroads. It was for six horses or four horses. as desired, and the coach is complete, even to the one big lamp next to the driver.
 In the French building one may see relics of Napoleon, tapestries of the time of Louis XIV. depicting scenes in his career and works of art: in the German building are the wedding presents of Emperor William; the Louisiana State building, the headquarters of Washing ton at Morristown; the Tennessee build ing, the Hermitage, the home of Andrew Jackson; the Mississippi building. Beau voir the home of Jefferson Davis. and the Virginia building. Monticello, the home of Thomas Jefferson, while in each of these buildings are exhibits of things directly associated with the men. as, for example in the Mississippi building. the bed in which Jefferson Davis died. Every State building. particularly those States of the East and South, contain relics of historical value of men who have made