The indicator., 1904-07-02

ances against 1t with extreme viru-
lence. This and his use of the clvlr
service to reward his friends and pun
ish his enemies led to demand for
his impeachment.
On Feb. "A, 1868, the house adopted
resolution of impeachment by a vote
of 126 to AZ. and on the following day
a committee impeached the president
before the bar of the senate. The
articles of Impeachment numbered
eleven. most of them alleging viola
tions of the tenure of office act in the
presidents efforts to force Secretary
of War Stanton out of the cabinet.
The trial lasted three weeks. the SEN
ute sitting rs high court of justice.
with the chief justice in the chair. A
vote was taken on three of the articles.
each vote lacking one of the two-thirds
necessary to convict.
The national convention at Chicago
May 20, 1865, fully approved the recon-
struction policy Of congress, declared
that the public faith should be Kept as
to the national debt and condemned the
acts OF President johnson in detail.
nominated for president on the first
ballot. Schuyler Colfax of Indiana
was nominated for vice president. The
Democrats nominated Horatio Sey-
mour and Francis =. Blair. Jr. Grant
and Colfa1 received 214 electoral votes
to so for their opponents.
The Reconstruction Problem.
With Grants election practically all
traces of the party's heterogeneous ele-
ments disappeared. A new generation
Of leaders and voters had arisen, which
knew only the tenets of the new party
and was not embarrassed by former
political affiliations. Among these
new leaders were James a. Garfield,
James G. Blaine, Roscoe Conliling,
Carl Schurz, George F. Edmunds.
George Frisbie Hoar. Henry l.. Dawes,
Frederick r. Frelingbuysen and Elihu
b. Washburn.
The reconstruction problem, though
In somewhat different form, confront
ed the new leaders as 1t had the old.
The grant of suffrage to the blacks
had been completed. but federal sup
port of the state authorities seemed
necessary. Opposition to this policy
brought about the organization of the
Liberal Republican party. A national
convention held at Cincinnati, May l..
1872. nominated Horace Greeley of
New York for president and B. Gratz
Brown Of Missouri for vice president.
A couple Of months later the Demo
Mt Rel
more lndorsed these nominations. Up
on the record of his first term Grant
was nominated unanimously by the
regular Republican convention ut Phil
adelphin and was reelected, his run
ming mate being Henry Wilson Of Mas
sachusetts, who died in office.
The Republican platform of 1872 de-
manded the maintenance of complete
liberty and equality in the enjoyment
of civil and political rights throughout
the Union without regard to color, COM
mended the president and congress for
the suppression Of the Kuklux dis
orders in the south and strongly re-
affirmed the protective tariff plank Of
the platform of 1860
Grants second term was n period
Of comparative political quiet. though
the derelictions of some of his ap-
pointees created scandals which had
some effect on the congressional cleo
tons of lSII-75.
The next great political question
which the. Republican party was called
upon to decide was that of specie re-
sumption. To disown the paper money
which Republican administration had
issued in the stress of civil war and
thus to endanger the party supremacy
Ohio was made the first battle-ground
in the fight for hard money. Success
there was followed by the nomination
of the successful gubernatorinl candi-
date, Rutherford b. Hayes, for the
presidency.
Hayes For Prestdent.
The national convention of 1876 met
in Cincinnati on the 14th of June.
Its platform reatfirmed the platform
Of 1872, adding demands for specie re-
sumption and the reform of the civil
service. James G. Blaine, Oliver p.
nOTtOu duu DelJulhlh H. btlStoW ieu
through several ballots. On the sew
enth there was break to Blaine, but
enough votes were changed to Ruther-
ford B. Hayes, who had received sixty
votes on the first ballot and had been
steadily gaining, to give him the nomi-
nation. William A. Wheeler of New
York was nominated for the vice presi-
dency with little OppOsition
The ensuing campaign, the Demo
cratic candidates being Samuel ]. Til
den of New York and Thomas A. Hen
bricks of Indiana. was one of the most
bitterly contested In the history of the
republic. The states of Oregon. Loui-
siana, Florida and South Carolina were
Justify claimed by the Democrats. The
matter seemed impossible of amicable
adjustment until the Republican party,
secure In its knowledge that justice
was on Its side, suggested an electoral
commission to pass upon disputed re-
turns from the various states. This
commission was to consist of five mem-
bers Of the United States senate, five
members of the national house Of rep
resentatives and five associate justices
of the supreme court, four of whom
were mentioned by districts mot by
name) In the act providing for the COM
mission. These four were to select the
nth member. The senate selected
George F. Edmunds, Vermont; oliver
P. Morton, Indiana; Frederick T.. Fire.
linghuysen, New Jersey; Thomas #.
Bayard. Delaware, and Allen G. Thur
man. Ohio. Ill health compelled Mr..
: Thurman to resign from the commits
sion, and Francis Herman, New York,
was substituted. The following men,
bers acted In behalf Of the house: Hen
,snr Thr0rrnh Col