davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1904-07-07
The siberian Cossack.

Tobolsk, where the Siberian Cossack
Is reared, is a well watered region, with
1,600 lakes, many of them of consider
able size. Many of the inhabitants
had their origin in the utilization of
the territory as a penal colony for Eu-
ropean Russia. The people are still
very primitive, sheep being the unit Of
exchange In their barter system. Cat
tie breeding is extensively adopted,
and 1t is from this source that the Rus
sian army draws most of it's horses for
service in the far east. These animals
are small and hardy, not particular
about food and capable of enduring
extreme heat and cold, but the load
they can take even on a level road is
only about 900 pounds. The prepare
tory class Of the Cossacks comprises
lads from the age Of eighteen, who
undergo three years training. The
Cossacks of the first ranks are en-
rolled from the age of twenty-one for
a period of twelve years, and all serve
for a further period of five years in
the reserves. the age of discharge be-
ing, therefore. thirty-eight
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1904-07-07
CANDY & LADD
Manufacturers of Con-
crete Building Blocks
CEMENT, CONCRETE WORK
Webster, South Dakota.
Revolution in Building
Material.

Hollow concrete blocks, a product
equal to the best natural stone.
We have the only perfect process of
manufacturing hollow concrete blocks
on the market. No building or paving
material has ever been discovered that
equals Portland cement concrete when
properly united.
Our hollow blocks are a marvel of
beauty, strength and durability; are
close grained and compact; possess
high tensile and crushing strength; do
not disentegrate with time and the
elements but harden with age and
exposure and become practically
understandable.
Call and see our sidewalk tile. Three
colors. Figure with us on building
blocks, steps, sill, %lintels, watertables,
cellar and clstern walls, engine beds,
sidewalks, or any cement work.
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1904-07-07

pay a visit to Tr,ndhjem 10 take q
look at the progress Of the grand res
toration work in the famous cathedral,
for which he has on several occasions
subscribed substantial sums of money
The emperor Is also expected to 10 n
King Oscar In Msrstrand. Sweden, dur
ing the month of August.
DIR. Fritjof hansen has now re-
paired his yacht ''Veslemon," md
brought ii from Drammen to Chris
tiania. He will cruise along ia
coast during the summer and VIII. to,
gether with his party. make hydro
graphic Investigations, etc. He VIII
start on his cruise July /.
Hundreds Of tourists have now ar
rive in Christiania and are wrnd M
their way northward to enjoy tie far
famed scenery of Norweainu tiosIs an
fjells. The mountain ho;c,S md inns
are now prepared to make tier annuai
harvest.
The N~estlandspOst states that there
Is n scarcity of fisher folk in Stravan
ger. Indeed. the same complaint comes
from many points in the north
by the hundreds.
Nine. Anna Sheppard, wife Of n
wealthy English manufactures. has
suddenly disappeared in S%tiordalcn. A
searching party Of 100 are To- trying
to learn the whereabouts of the WON
an.
A society called 1.-THE Norwegian Crn-
nation society has been organized in
Chrlstiania and will erect n crematory
In Vestre Gravlund. The society has
already n capital of 10000 crowns.
Olav Kringen has been reelected by
the socialists editor of The Social
DemOkraten. His strongest opponents
for the position were DR.. Alfred Erick
sen and Nine. Tynaes.
ii. c. Hauge, secretary to the Swed
sh-Norwegian legation in Washins ton
ID. G.. was married last week to Mrs.
Fred Jay. formerly Miss Louise Todd
of Louisville. Ky.
NJ. X. Albertsen of Christians has
been appointed MS n of the assisting
architects in the restoration work now
going on In the cathedral at Trord-
hjem.
Minister Of State Ihsen is spending
a few weeks at Aulestad. and will
spend the greater part of next month
In Stockholm.
The Christiania Atpaneum. which
was organized in 1882. will he closed
In the near future on o of lack
Of patronage.
Minister Grip. Of Norway and Swed.
en- to the United States. is spending the
summer at his villa Bergen in Asker.
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1904-07-07
The Calendar Calculation.

Caesars reformed calendar made the
year about eleven minutes too long
that is. the solar year began eleven
minutes earlier each twelvemonth than
the calendar year. In 1892 Pope Greg
DRY XIII. found that the solar year
had gained ten days on the calendar
year. He corrected this and to keep
the two years more nearly together or
dered that thereafter only %centurial
years Invisible by 400 should be leap
years. This calculation Is this: By add
ing eleven minutes regularly to the
year, at the end of a century the legal
calendar has had one more day than
the solar calendar. By giving up the
additional day of leap year in three
centurial years the legal calendar has
at the end Of three centuries nearly
one day less than the solar calendar.
This difference is corrected by having
an extra day in the fourth %centurial
year. The arrangement is so nearly
exact that the two years differ by only
one day in 1928 years.
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1904-07-07
CURED or HIS CLUE.

The WAY One Woman kept Her Hus-
band Home In the Evenings.
II would be very happy IL my hus.
band would not spend so many of his
evenings at the club said Mrs. Bride,
with d sigh.
"Why don't You try the suspicion
cureY" said her intimate friend.
"What is the suspicion cure?' asked
Mrs. Bride.
swell, my husband once got into the
habit of spending his evenings at his
club, and l worried myself III. Then I
changed my tactics. Instead OF asking
him to remain at home I urged him to
go to the club. The way he raised his
eyebrows the first time ! suggested it
showed that l vas on the right track.
"One night he said he had a severe
headache and would remain at home.
! opposed the idea and insisted that an
evening at his club would make him
forget his headache. He gave me a
hard look, but acted on the suggestion.
/ knew he would be back within an
hour, so | made IN elaborate toilet. He
returned, as l expected. with the plea
that his head was worse. 1 ignored his
question concerning my elaborate toll
let. He hasn't been away for an ever
Ing since. 1t Is almost like the old
honeymoon, only he appears to have
something on his mind"
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1904-07-07
MARK.


A dispatch from Copenhagen to the
London Express says information has
been received there that a revolt has
broken out in Helsingfors. the capitol
of Finland. where Governor-tieneral
Bobrikoff was a~ssassinated June 1G. A
band of Swedish revolutionists sacked
the offices Of the encouragement.
killed eighteen employees, including a
son of Admiral Pinken. They also at
tackled and demolished the police of
fees. The Russian officials all con.
fess that the Firms have no sympathy
with the Russians, and that they re-
joice at Japanese victories. while they
make wry faces whenever there is d
triumph of Russian arms. 1t is believed
that the revolt will spread. More Sc
rions news is anticipated. All infor.
nation Is suppressed in official quar-
tiers.
The official government report for
the Danish West Indies for the fiscal
year of 1923 has now been complet-
ed and really shows a poor condition
or affairs and is a body-blow to the
officials who were so strongly opposed
to the sale Of the islands to the United
States. From st. Thomas the govern
ment's gross receipts were $97 800 and
the expenditures were $3.50. 700. show
Ing an actual shortage of sci. 1000. In
st. Croix the receipts were $149.5cO
and the expenditures $685. 200. showing
a shortage Of S45, 700. The actual loss
IL. therefore. ~aggregately $1O7. GOO.
The radicals are starting to protest
vigorously. and II is quite certain that
the disposal Of the islands will be the
chief issue at the next session OF the
riksdag.
The recent revolt in Helsingfors, Fin
land. has caused considerable excite
ment in Copenhagen. The newspapers
have been filed with all kinds of ru-
mors and a great many predict a gen
eral revolt In Finland. Hundreds Of
Firms who reside In Stockholm and
Copenhagen will return to their native
and join the revolutionists.
King Christian is suffering from lum-
bago and has now returned to Gmun-
den. His majesty first began to suffer
from this disease after his retur from
Gmunden last spring. During his alb
sence from Copenhagen Crown Prince
win be the prince regent.
The laying Of the cornerstone Of the
new church In Pejgaard occurred June
10. Bishop Jacoby of Copenhagen Of
l1ciated.
MARION 8. NORELIUS.
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1904-07-07
PRIMITIVE LETTER POST.
The Earliest Postal Service Dates
Back to BabyIonfa.

1at& ~ baps hoHhas
No postal service has been traced ear
lier than that which was In operation
during the reign of Khammurabi, the
Amraphel of Genesis, who was king
of B~abylonia about 1900 b. c.. A mum.
Der Of the missives, each inclosed In
its clay envelope, which passed through
this earliest postoffice are preserved
I'm the Babylonian room Of the British
museum, and their contents indicate
that even at that period letters were
freely circulated throughout the en-
pire by a public postal service under
governmental control.
Sir Brian luke was appointed post
master in England at the beginning of
the sixteenth century, and In 1856 the
lords of the council ordered that the
postes betweene this and the Northe
should eche of them keepe q booke
and make entrye of every lettre that
he shall receive, the TYNE of the deliv.
erie thereof unto his hands, with the
parties names that shall bring 1t unto
him."
The first post for the conveyance of
private letters to all parts OF England
and Scotland was started In 1895. when
the 'letter Office" was established, but
It was not till 1897 that the foundation
OF the present system was laid.
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1904-07-07
TWO STYLES OF IRoUGHs.

wind pump, nicely covered with a
cement top, writes James E. Taggart
in Breeders Gazette. OF course a
manhole was left. but this was neatly
fitted with a cast iron covering. The
barn floor. the cellar floor and shop
floor were all Of cement, while the
front. side and rear steps were of the
same material. The work was all
done with the ordinary farm force, no
skilled labor at a high price being nec-
essary.
Later cement watering troughs will
replace the fast decaying and ever
ready to leak wooden ones. Two styles
Of cement troughs are herewith shown
They were found on an Ohio farm and
are being used to the exclusion of all
others.
Dairy Schools.
Dairy schools are now in operation in
many states, and short courses of in
struction in butter and cheese making
are given at some of the agricultural
colleges.
1t was long ago demonstrated that in
ferior butter could not compete with
oleomargarine and that good butter Of
choice quality could always be sold at
a good price. The fact has also been
demonstrated that there was much to
learn In making good butter and that
cleanliness and the proper management
Of the milk were essential in producing
the choice article.
There has been a wonderful advance
in methods Of butter making, and oleo-
margarine is responsible for 1t. Con-
sumers will not purchase the counter
felt article IL they can get the genuine,
and poor butter is as much a counter
felt as any other imitation.-St. Louis
Globe Democrat.
To Pasteurfse Cream.
On a small scale cream can be pas
teurfzed by setting the cream can in a
car Of hot water and keeping it there
with constant stirring until the cream
b heated to 14S degrees f.. says
Hoard's Dairyman. The cream should
Be held at that temperature for TWEEN
u minutes and then cooled as quickly
AZ possible by placing the cream in q
tank Of cold water, stirring the cream
constantly until 1t is down to so de-
grees +. The great trouble in pas
teurizing small quantities OF cream by
this method Is the liability OF q cooked
favor In the cream, to prevent which
the cream must be heated to the above
temperature as soon as possible aud
rapidly cooled.
b Mikman's steady Job.
A veteran New York state dairyman
Who has been in the business over half
= century says that commencing In
1676 be was away from home but one
night in about twenty-five years. He
always used to do his own milking.
His average for many years was not
less than twenty COWS night and morn
Ing. He MIXED one cow nineteen
pears and about ten months in the
year. In the year 1870 twenty cows
save him 100000 pounds OF mix,
which melted him from the cheese fac.
tory $1,000. besides having his whey
- feed to The hogs and calvsa
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1904-07-07

About twelve miles northwest from
the town Of Upper Lake. CAL. Is a
series Of waters known as Blue lakes
three In al~l-surrounded by spurs of
the coast range that tower 1000 feet
owe them. These lakes are steel blue
In color and never freeze. The upper
lake Is nearly two miles In length and
half a mile In width In the widest
place, the middle lake Is about half
q mile long and half that distance In
width. and the lower one il less than
half the size Of the nearest neighbor.
The upper lake IL nearly 500 feet deep
In places. and all OF them abound In
trout
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1904-07-07

NORWAY.


A theological candidate named Jen-
sen who several times has threatened
bis wife's life, tried to evade the laws
and skip to America. His wife, how
ever, received a telegram from New
York stating that he had boarded the
Hekla Of the Scandinavian-American
line. She Immediately t~elegraphed the
authorities In New York to hold him
and when he arrived In that city the
other day he was arrested By detec~
lives. He win be sent back to Christi
ania, where he Is wanted for forgery.
wife-beating. etc. !
There II one exceedingly generous
American tourist In Norway. says the
Eornenes BIad. He paid q young
Norwegian 100 crowns for taking
him from Hjelle to G~reirnnger In his
cabriolet. The American liked the
young Norwegian % well that be
asked him X wouldn't come TO Amer
ica ana he would pay all his travelling
expenses. The boy refused to leave
btu home country. but received 1900
crowns for III services.
Emperor william Il expected 20 maAe
his annual cruise along the Norwegian
koost next month. he viii. or course,
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1904-07-07
BY HOOK OR BY o


A. Ancfent Phrase That Has Many
Phsse Of Meaning.
Tho phrase by hook or by crook
may simply refer to an ancient Gus
tom which allowed persons to collect
tor fuel dead wood In the kings forest
ouch a. they could break on and re-
move with cart, hook and crook"
Some trace its significance "by foul
means Or BY fair to the contrasted
uoes o. the footpad's hook or the
bishops cook
Others remind ne or the expression
~ very early days by huke DER
ktpoke"-that IL. b. bending the knees
ma cringing low.
Another plausible explanation IL that
inter- the great fIre OF London disputes
~ - ownership Or land were settled
~ Two snrvtyors whose names wero
H0ok md Crook.
ouite different n the view taken by
1hoaa who ten a. that when Strong
kcw solled for Ireland he instructed
M me - make their attack by Hook.
, Drcnonfory northeast Of Waterford,
H. ~ Crock. = hafbcr On the south
n nv csse. the phrase Ii very Old.
All n Was ueed ~ Bacon QtC0. ~
o|1on, ~ poet Ioursat nnd
H&pc>r nearly
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1904-07-07

The support of at least 400 cows has
long been the standard set by the best
authority to justify a community III
building a creamery. However, some
creamery promoters have taken the I'D
erty to cut this down to 800. The stran-
gest part of it is that some people
take a great deal more stock in the pro-
moter's advf~e, which he gives with a
view of making a sale, than they do in
the advice of those who have no expec-
tation of financial reward and have
only the best interests of the creamery
business at heart. But after the cream
cry Is closed for want of patronage the
victims do not again call on the pro-
moter for help. but ask aid of the dairy
and food department, TIE agricultural
school or the farmers institute to help
them perform the difficult task of res
urrecting a dead creamery.
The argument is often advanced that
the farmers will not increase the mum.
Der of cows until they have a creamery
started. This sounds logical, yet eXpe-
rience has taught that they can't get
the nerve TO keep more cows while their
courage is being Slapped by a weak
creamery. They do not buy more cows
as soon as n creamery starts; but, farm
er-like, all wait 70 see how results pan
out. If there is a good supply of milk,
all is well and good. and everything
moves forward TO success, but If there
Is not sufficient milk to make satisfac-
tory returns after paying expenses
many of the patrons become discour-
aged and instead of getting more cows
sell what they already have, and a
dead creamery is the result. Better
stick to the 400 mark than to take the
chanceS.-Farmer.
Watering TrOughs.
Cement is coming more and more
into use on the farm. A few days
since, while visiting a farmer friend.
! noticed his well, owe which is a
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1904-07-07
Thursday, July Z, 1904.
MAKES A CONFESSION.
Alleged ST. Louis Boodler Tells Story
of Bribery,

st. Louis. June 2S.-It was an.
nounced during the day that Charles
A. Gutke, former member of the house
of delegates, convicted on a charge of
bribery and soon to be tried on another
similar charge, has made a complete
confession to Circuit Attorney Joseph
w. Folk, in which he declared that
former Delegate Charles +. Kelley had
told him he had received $4,000 for
going to Europe when his presence in
st. Louis jeopardized Tel OF promi.
hence.
Kelley Is also resting under one con-
viction and Is oon TO be tried in an
other case. Circuit Attorney Folk at.
taches great Importance to the revela-
tons which have been made by Gutke.
He said that ii opened up many new
of investigation and that 1t
brought things to light which have not
been heard of before, involving the
men higher up.
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1904-07-07

women hutton with the Right Hand.
Attention was drawn by DIR. James
Shaw at the Ambidextral Culture so
ci<ty to the singular fact that the but
tons Of feminine clothes are on the
wrong side-or. rather. since ladies
may maintain that 1t Il mems buttons
which are wrong, that mems buttons
are on the right side OF the wearer and
women's on the left.
This peculiarly DR.. Shaw ascribed.
not to feminine. p~erversity. .bnt to the
fact that those who set ladies' fashions
were supposed to have maids to dress
them, for whom this position was more
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES Daily News.
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1904-07-07

James r. Ryder, who had photo
eraphed more notables than any artist
IN the west, IL dead In Cleveland.
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1904-07-07
Watering TrOughs.

Cement is coming more and more
into use on the farm. A few days
since. while visiting a farmer friend.
! noticed his well, over which is a
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1904-09-14
Many Unnecessary Fences.

Old customs die hard. no matter how
useless they may be. On farms where
much stock is to be raised fences are
quite necessary, but on farms devoted
to fruit growing, vegetable raising or
grain production there cam be little
need for a large expenditure in the
way of fences. I was brought up on
q New England farm, and speak from
experience when I declare that the
existence of useless fences is the cause
of much waste Of time and labor in
the performing of the farm work.
Where stock raising is carried on on
q considerable scale we must have
fences, for the farm crops must be ro-
tated and the pasture must be included
in the rotation. This is true of those
farms where there is not a large per-
manent pasture. In the case of such
a farm. it should be enough to fence
the pasture or pastures thoroughly.
Some would object that this would
not allow the meadows to be pastured.
Very well; the non-pasturing of the
meadows would be 4 good thing for
the meadows, and just as good for the
farm animals in the end, as they
would have a larger supply of forage
from those same meadows Writer.
in the The Tribune Farmer.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1904-09-14
A Building of One Tree.

There is a Baptist church in Santa
Rosa, Cal, holding two hundred per
sons, which is built entirely of timber
sawed out Of a single redwood tree.
Timbers. weather boarding and inner
lining are all Of wood, there being no
plaster, bricks or mortar about it. The
roofing, too, is made o. shingles sawed
from the same trc". and after it wa
all finished there were sixty thousand
shingles left. \ sister tree to the
above furnished employment for two
years to two harlwo:king men. who
rrlurcl il TO SHINGLES.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1904-09-14
The Blue Andalasian.

This interesting bird is N that is
little known to the general run of
poultry. although n of the oldest of
our standard breeds. especially in this
line in the Middle West. though it is
fairly well known in the East, in Can
ada and on the Pacific Coast. 1t is a
very handsome, stylish bird. gentle.
hardy and a layer of wonderfully large
eggs. A man in Nebraska claims he
has a pullet which laid $50 eggs in one
year; another declares he exhibited
eggs at a show in Colorado where the
dozen of eggs he showed weighed
thirty-six ounces. We cannot vouch
for these stories, vet we have no reason
to doubt their truth. A man exhibited
eggs one year at an e%gg-cOntest at Chi
cago where a dozen weighed thirty-tWo
ounces in the presence of the show
officers, and were so accredited. Out
Of the dozens there exhibited they
easily took first prize over Minorcas,
Brahmas and what not. So much for
the utility side Of the question.
Their chief attraction from the point
of view of beauty is their color, which
is q leaden blue-about the. color of
smoke from tobacco. However, simply
blue color does not make an Andalu-
sian. You will often run across blue
hens in a nondescript lock-but they
are not Andalusians. The true Anda-
lusian is distinguished by the lacings,
which means that each feather has
a blue background, and on the edge
of each feather there must be an edge
Of darker blue. Without this edging
Qacingl the bird, however blue. is alb
solutely "no ~good."-1nland Poultry
Journal.