davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1904-10-27
CHAMPAIGN WARMING UP.
Its Last Days May See Some of the Old
Time Enthusiasm.

The remaining days Of the campaign
OF 1904 will occupy the public mind pref
ty much to the neglect Of everything
else. The voters and those who read
the newspapers, the Utica Globe says
believe two weeks is plenty as it has
been impossible to arouse enthusiasm
at an earlier stage and a herculean eff
fort has been put forth to start it ever
now.
This campaign differs from others il
the absence of accessories-the uniform
ed marching clubs, the big meetings, anc
the things which contributed to move
ment and color. When the spectacular
feature is omitted, the distinguishing
mark of the presidential canvasses sine.
the COS, the life is gone. When it i:
left to the press and the spellbinders
to importune support for the candidate,
the glory of electioneering has departed
In the old days the cost of carrying Oh
campaign was small compared to now
In 1860 the Wide Awakes and the Littl,
Giants wore an oil cloth cap and caLt
costing 40 cents and this placed it With i
the reach of everyone. Now the uniform
cost all the way from $40 to SO and onl,
the few can afford them. a battalion OF
200 dressed this way in one month ex
pend from $4,000 to $1,000. The old
fashioned torch has been superseded by
an expensive lantern, and musicians who
received $3.50 per night now ask 81 and
S.. The increased cost has had a good
deal to do to make this campaign the
iistless one it has been up to the eve
almost Of eiacfioD
While the omission of the spectacular
has disappointed the boys and girls it has
served good purpose in that the heated
arguments, the bitterness aroused among
the parties to them, has not manifested
itself in anything like the proportions
Of We olden time. The discussion Of plat
forms and candidates has been carried
with respectful Difference in nowise cal
culated to anger those who seek enlight
enment. This is as it should be and is
distinct gain over the Old way Of abuse
and villiicatiol which married so many
campaigns heretofore.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1904-10-27
No Promise of Reform.

Since the Republicans have been
confronted with the unquestioned fig
ures that the administration of Presi-
dent Roosevelt has cost S211 100000
more than McKinley's and $S93,O0O,OOO
more than Cleveland's they have con-
stantly been trying to explain away
this extravaganza. But the glowing
fact remains that before these unrea-
sOnable expenditures were shown up,
not an effort was made for economy.
No promise Of reform, or retrenchment,
or economy was made in the Republi-
can platform, nor in President ROOse-
velt's speech of acceptance did such
words occur. But public opinion has
become so aroused that in his letter Of
acceptance the President tries to cor
rect this omission by not only mention
ing economy but defines it. He boldly
claims that "the expenditures have
been managed in a spirit of economy"
although he does not attempt to ex-
plain why the expenditures for the
year ending June 80, 1904, were great
er than the annual average during the
four years of Mckinley, including the
cost Of the Spanish war.
The voters who pay most Of this
vast increase should remember that
the surplus is being wiped out with a
rapidity that will compel new taxes if
the present spendthrift administration
is continued in power. The deficit for
the fiscal year ending June 80, 1904,
was SAL, ,6O1, and already for this
year, up to Sept. IS, the deficit is SIS
792,306, which, if continued for the
balance Of the year, in the same pro-
portion, will make a deficiency of over
S7O,OOO,OOO
This mismanagement of the financial
affairs of the government cannot con-
tinue; there must be a change. Either
the wasteful appropriations must be
decreased or more taxes must be i'm
posed. The only way with govern
ments, as with individuals, is TO make
both ends meet To borrow, by issu-
ing bonds, is only q temporary make
shift, for interest must be added to 9TH
er expenditures, and the principal must
be eventually paid. This is the in
evitable condition that frauds, graft
ing and extravaganza have brought us
to and that the voters must consider
when casting their ballots. If they
conclude that their official servants
have mismanaged their affairs, they
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1904-10-27

hospitals at Hardin, and it would not
be surprising if Kuropatkin had lost
nearly one-tifth of his army in killed
and wounded. Complete figures are
lacking on the Japanese losses, but
they will be large, although smaller
than those of Russia.
The extent Of the slaughter has
shocked both Japan and Russia. In
Toxic the appalling tragedy is consid-
cred to be strong appeal for peace.
The Japanese, usually quick to cele
brate victory for their arms, are re-
ceiving the news in a subdued spirit,
although it contains the report of q
sweeping success for Oyama's forces
A member of the diplomatic corps
makes strong argument in favor Of
an adjustment of the conflict
In Russia the defeat Of KurOpat-
kin's armies is making the war more
unpopular than ever, and fears are ex-
pressed openly that Japan's success
will cause China to abandon her nell-
trality and come out openly in favor
Of the Japanese.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1904-10-27
Good Reasons for q Change.

Republicans who detest Roosevelt
ism, but do not like to ally themselves
with the Democrats. should take cour-
age from the example of Dewitt Gin
ton Overbaugh, president of the Grand
Hotel Company of New York, life
long Republican. He was q member OF
the famous Committee of Seventy who
overthrow Tammany, and is president
Of the North Side Board of Trade
His reason for his change of heart
he declares to be, that he disIikes the
methods of Mr.. Roosevelt and cannot
trust him to settle the vital questions
of national Importance, such as mon
opolies, strikes, investigation and pun
ishment of dishonest public officials,
squandering uselessly the public mon
ey and the rich trust combines which
are eating like cancer into the very
life of the nation and the tariff to be-
adjusted properly.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1904-10-27
BLAME Is FIXED.
Com mission on Slocum Horror Makes
Its Report.


The national Siocum committee has
spared nobody. 1t has struck at the head
OF the steamboat inspection service. Per-
enptory orders have been issued to DIS
charge from the service of the United
States these officials:
Robert S. Rode, supervising Inspector
Of the Second District, with headquarters
in Albany.
Gen. James 4. Dumont and Thomas
H. Barrett, local inspectors in charge
of the port of New York.
They are held directly responsible for
deadly laxity and neglect.
1t is ordered that their SUCCESSORS N
office at once conduct 4 thorough exam
inatiOn of the entire inspection force Of
the port Of New York, with the object
Of wedding out all the men whom such
examination shall show to be untitled to
perform the very arduous and response
bic duties of their positions.
Changes in the regulations of an ex
tensiye nature must be made fOr it is
60 ordered. designed to prevent a repe-
tition Of the General Slocum disaster in
the port of New York, when 955 died
and 175 were hurt out of 1,25S. Con
structiol of tlimsy steamboats, Of the SlO-
cuD kind will be guarded against. The
owners Of the SlOcum and their eyecu-
live agents are declared to share largely
ii the moral responsibility for the whole
sale destruction of life. Captain Van
Setback and the pilot are also condemn
I'd. The commission declares: "The com
mission, therefore, believes that the mas
ter had knowledge of the fire before the
steamer passed the eastern end OF
Wards Island. The commission, there
fore, believes that the master knew of
the fire in time to have beached the yes
sci either in Little He'll Gate, to the
westward of the Sunken Meadows, or in
the Bronx Kills, to the eastward of the
Sunken Meadows"
A fearful rebuke is given to the Off
GERS and crew, save Assistant Engineer
Brandow and Chief Engineer Conklin.
who are commended as heroes. Pilot
Van Wart showed bad judgment and
lack Of skill in Bleaching the vessel, giving
little opportunity of wading ashore t.
those who could not swim. The fire fight
Ing apparatus is sharply criticised, and
rs to the rotten life preservers the con-
demnatiOn is supreme. Laws to confer
greater power on the inspection service
to enforce its commands are strongly
urged.
All the regulations must be enforced
by order of President Roosevelt, who has
written a letter to Secretary Victor IL
Metcalf of the Department Of Commerce
and Labor, directing him to carry into
effect the regulations of the commission
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1904-10-27

The great battle of last week took
place on a line between fifty-five and
sixty miles long, and the line of battle
proper, where the fighting was most
severe and continuous, was twenty
hve or thirty miles long The Hun
river on the north and west and the
Taltse on the east and south mark out
the field in a general way. The Schili
river, frequently mentioned in the dis
patches, bisects this field on an east
and west line, and most of the fighting
thus far has been south Of it. The bat
tie may possibly be known as the bat
tie Of the Schili river
Gen. Kuropatkin brought into play
every pound Of military strength that
Russia has available in the far East
Since the battle Of LiaOyang he has
been REINFORCED by the First and Sixth
corps, and possibly also by the Fourth
Don CoSSack division. i low estimate
OF his strength is 100000 men. 1t may
be 100000. With all that he has been
gradually but surely beaten back, and
the chances are greater now than they
were at corresponding stage Of the
battle Of Liaoyang that his army will
be partially dismembered. Then his
divisions were closely concentrated for
mutual support. Now they are much
more widely spread out.
On the last day of September CORE
spondents at Mukden made note of
great military activity, but their pre-
diction Of a movement southwark was
not credited. Oct = Gen. Kuropatkin
issued his famous order for the adj
vance, though it was not till a week
later that Europe learned of it. In the
meantime the Russians had been en-
gagged in pushing in the Japanese out
posts. This preliminary stage of the
struggle eliminated with the driving
of the Japanese outposts out of Bent
siaputZe.
The small map gives roughly ac
curate idea of the battle field strategy.
Three heavy black lines are to be seen
on the map marked "Oct. Gap
screem," oct. TO-" and Oct IA"
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1904-10-27

sand men across the Taitse farther
north to work around to the Japanese
rear. Gen. Kuroki seemed to expect
TO bag this expedition bodily, but if he
did it no report has yet arrived. The
country here is broken with small hills,
aid there seems to have been a large
number of separate engagements on
Tuesday and Wednesday. On Wednes-
day Kuroki received re-enfOrcements.
and Thursday he sent a strong force
under Prince Kanin to cut off the Rus
slams north of Bcnsihu. This force
formed 4 wedge between the Russian
left AMI center, but the left seems to
have escaped from it. and the center
was too hard pressed itself to strike u
counter blow.
West of the railroad the fighting was
more distinctly favOra bic to the Japan
csc. Here it was that thirty five Rus
sian guns were captured. West Of the
Hun Gen. Oku seems to have cleared
the country Of Russians to point
within ten or twelve miles of Mukden
In the number Of men engaged, in
the casualties Of both sides, and in the
decisiveness Of the Japanese victory
the battle ut Yentai surpasses that at
Liaoyang. But it does not anywhere
equal the first conflict in interest. Lao
yang was the first square stand up
fight on Il big scale with equal numi-
bers and modern weapons between the
yellow men and the white. When the
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1904-10-27
The Trusts and Labor,

When the late Senator HanT-l took
up the fad of the Civic Association and
tried to arbitrate all disagreements be-
tween capital and labor, he made some
of the principal labor leaders believe
that the concentration of business in
the hands of the trusts was for the
benefit of organized labor. There was
to be the trust for the masters, with
the protective tariff to enrich them,
and combination of labor to force
up the wages of the workingman to
keep pace with the increased cost of
living. AS long as the business boom"
continued the Hanna plan worked to
perfection, and both the trusts and the
labor leaders thought they had at last
reached UtOpian existence. All that
was necessary was to stand pat and
''let we'll enough alone" But the con-
sumers, who have to pay trust prices,
find the effort beyond the reach Of
their pOcketbooks and have been COM
PEELED to resort to economy. The Steel
Trust and other large trusts and the
railroad combines discovered their
earnings decreased and many mills
and workshops have been shut down.
Wages have been cut and strikes have
become epidemic and the inflated pros
perity bladder is punctured. The rail
roads had advanced their rates, but
soon depressed wages. The Coal Trust
advanced prices, but the miners re-
ceiyed no increase The Beef Trust
doomed beef, but cut wages and low
cred the price of cattle and hogs. 9th
er trusts acted on the same hypothesis,
that they could continue to plumber the
consumers and reduce their expenses
and pay big dividends upon Watered
stock.
The trusts did not kill the goose that
laid the golden egg, but they have so
maltreated her that the eggs dwindled
in size and value. The numerous
strikes that have resulted from the
wage cutting has brought about the
combination of manufacturers for the
open shop" The manufacturers trust
must be preserved at all hazards, but
IuC lstDOl COllIDlllc lIlISl NC OlSI uDLcu
Everyone with vestige of common
sense is demanding some kind of tariff
revision, to stop the trusts from plum
dering the consumers and especially to
hinder the trusts from selling cheaper
to foreigners than to the American peo-
pie. A strong minority of Republicans
clamored for reciprocity and tariff re-
form, but the leaders said, stand
pat"
President Roosevelt was for some
time in doubt about tariff reform; he
vdcillated between revision" and a
commission" The Protective Tariff
League threatened to defeat his NOM
ination and the trusts declared they
would put up no money for the cam
paign, SO what could the poor man do
but succumb to those mighty auxil-
iaries Of the Republican party and
''stand pat"
SO there is to be no relief from pro-
lection, no escape from the plundering
trusts, no reciprocity. if President
Roosevelt and a Republican Congress
is continued in power. Parker and
Davis! Retrenchment and Reform is
the only hope for the people,
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1904-10-27
Farm Produce and Protection.

r arm frOUTiCc ana frOteCllOT.
The farmer who has been beguiled
into believing that the protective tariff
helps him obtain an enhanced price for
his produce, should remember that the,
farmer is an exporter and not man
ufacturer threatened with imports. The
farmer must have markets abroad,
for he raises more than the home mar
ket can consume. He does not fear,
any competitor from foreign coun-,
try, so what protection can tariff on.
farm products give him? No one Isl
going to send wheat. or meat. or corn.l
or cotton here to compete with him.I
After he has sold all the American peo1
pie can consume the surplus must find
market abroad in competition With
the surplus of other countries. Near,
ly always the price that the surplus
brings abroad fixes the price ut home.
What the farmer needs is not pro-.
tective tariff, but protection from the
trusts, elevator combines and corpora
tons. High freight rates and high
trust prices for all the farmer buys eat
up Ills pGOIilS anu lIcSe ulSn ITelSuC
rates and largely increased cost of all
he buys is mainly caused by the pro-,
tectiye tariff. Steel rails and nearly
everything the railroads use are in.
creased in cost Onc-third by protection,
and of course the farmer pays his
share of the bills. Farm machinery,
tools, barbed wire building material.
clothes and many more articles that
might be mentioned are protected by.
the tariff, so that the manufacturers
can charge a great deal beyond Il rea-
sOnable profit. All this, and more, the
farmer pays, and still some otherwise
sensible farmers vote for the party
which is openly in league with those
who plumber them. Remember that
the Republican national platform and
State and congressional district plat
forms pledge the candidates to uphold
the protective tariff, so no relief can be
expected from Republican Congress-
or q Republican President
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1904-10-27

These lines indicate the respective po-
sitions of the hostile armies at differ
-ent stages of the battle. The jagged
triangle including Yentai. Liaoyang
and SykwGntun marks the heart Of
Oyama's position. the three points be-
ing heavily fortified and garrisoned.
North of his triangle Oyama had adj
vanced a heavy line of outposts at the
position indicated by the line Of Oct. 8.
But he was not north Of Yentai in
great force.
The Russian advance from Mukden
began on Oct. .. Two days later it
came in contact with the Japanese
outposts In two days fighting the
japanese scouts were forced back to-
ward their main positions. At the same
time re-enforcementS were sent for
ward from the triangle. The retreat
ing outposts and re-enforcements met
at the line marked "Oct. 10.' On the
following day the heavy fighting be-
gan.
We can most easily get an idea of
the fighting by considering the Kuroki
Nodzu and Oku armies separately. ku-
roki has the right, occupying the re-
gion at the bend of the Taitse, where
that river turns from q southerly to
westerly course. NOdzu is in the CEN
fer, holding the region from the Yen
tai station on the railroad Oku is
west of the railroad, holding both sides
of the Hun river.
Monday Kuropatkin in full force
crossed the Hun river where it flows
easterly just south of NIukden His
advance guards on the same day cross
ed the Schili and attacked Yeptai. but
Were driven back in the evening. Tues
day a larger force crossed the Schili.
and the fighting that day was very S..
we're to the north OF Ycntai. Gen.
Danieloff receiving his wounds in that
enya gement Gen. NOdZu took the Of
fensive that same day and began to
force the Russians back. The strug-
gle was extremely fierce here every
day, and probably the great part Of the
losses are in this region.
Farther to the east Gen. kurObi met
the main force of the attack at his
chosen positions near Benishu. The
Russians attempted to outfiank him.
however, Or at least made 4 feint Of
that nature. by sending several thou
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1904-10-27
LEAVE CAMEL FAR BEHIND.
Several Animals Can Go Without Water
for Remarkable Long Periods.

Several Animals Can Go Without Water
for Remarkable Long Periods.
Several other creatures besides the
camel are able to get along for extend
ed periods without drinking
Sheep in the Southwestern deserts of
America go for forty to sixty days in
WinteC without drink, grazing on the
green, succulent vegetation of that sea-
son.
Peccaries in the desert of Sonora live
in little dry hills, where there is no nat
ural water, for long periods. They can
not possibly find water-in fact, for
months at time the moisture they can
obtain comes from roots and the fruits
of cacu.
But the most extraordinary case is
that Of the pocket mouse, one Of the
common rodents of the desert.
This little creature, by the way, has
genuine fur-lined pocket" on the
outside of his cheek. When it is hun
CRY it takes food from this pocket with
its paw, just as man would pull q
ham sandwich from his pocket.
One of these mice has been kept for
three years with no other food than the
mixed bird seed of commerce During
this period it has not a taste of either
water or green food.
Other experimenters have found, in
fact, that these mice in captivity refuse
such treats, not seeming to know that
water is good to drink
The bird seed put before this mouse
contained not more than 10 per cent Of
moisture, which is less than is neces-
sary for digestion. Stuff so dry as this
cannot even be swallowed until it is
mOfstened by saliva. Yet this remark
able mouse gave nothing but his time
to the interests of science.
He suffered nothing in health OF spir-
its duSing his captivity. The "abso-
lutely abstemiOus age" of which Ed
ward Lear wrote is completely out
cl2ssed-
The question is seriously raised
whether this mouse is provided with
condensinS apparatus by which it is
able to absorb moisture from the at
mosphere. At night, and in the bur
rows, the humidity is much higher than
in the daytime above ground, but it
never reaches the dew point
These interesting facts of natural
history suggest possibilities in the way
of cures for the incorrigible inebr,ate.
Have the courage 10 doubt and your.
eyes will BEGIN to open. .
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1904-10-27
The Wursf Ever.

The bologna sausage makers employed
in 165 wurst shops in Chicago agreed the
other evening to strike for recognition of
their union. Eleven hundred men, ex-
pert in separating sausages from their
bark. joined in the movement. The
meeting decided en- linked action against
the manufacturers whose trade agree
ment with the III. N has expired The
employers decided to run open shops
The union wants the shops closed tight
rs the bologras. The wurst is yet to
come.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1904-10-27
War News in Brief.

Gen. Bilderling lost nearly Il Whole
brigade out of his corps.
The Dowager Empress has broken
down on account of Red Cross work.
The japanese have withdrawn troops
from Newchwang and sent them to Lao
yang.
The contraband question reached an
acute stage at st. Petersburg, but has
eased up.
Gen. Kuropatkin had a narrow es~
CAPE from being killed with his whole
staff BY a japanese attack on his head
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1904-10-27
Noted Horse Sold for $40, OCO.

One of the largest sums ever paid for
horse in this country was that given
by Harry Payne Whitney ut the sale o.
the stable of his late father, William
c.. Whitney, in Madison Square Garden.
New York. Monday night The price
was $4,000, and the horse was the
noted stallion hamburg. James Z
Keene, the famous horseman and Wall
street operator, was Whitney's only COM
petitor in the bidding, he offering $50,
ono
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1904-10-27

to get supplies into Port Arthur. Gen.
siloessel admits that serious damage is
being done and things are warm there.
\ mail pouch for the cruiser Cincin-
natl was seized by Russians from Cal
chas. and opened and afterwards return
ed. The government will make a strong
protest.
Over in Japan they call the war dis
patches from Chefoo-chefoolerie Those
that come from Shanghai they call
Shanghai "Dunders," meaning that the
news is created on the bund, or river
front, Of Shanghai.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1904-10-27

quarters lie was obliged to flee sud
denly.
The Baltic fleet was inspected by the
Emperor at Reval. and VIII sail in a
few days for the Pacific.
Japs are reported to have crossed the
Hun river ready to attack the Russians
in the rear, when they are driven
across it.
The Russians are supposed TO have
lost from 10000 to 10000 in the six
days fighting. There were 1900 dead
in front Of one japanese army.
Russians are Offering fabulous prices
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1904-10-27
OVER 10000 FALL IN BATTLE.

Appalling Slaughter Leads to Demands
for the Wars End.
Field Marshal Oyama, in a report to
the MikadO, estimates the number of
Russians killed in the battle south Of
Mukden at 10000. Other reports from
the Japanese headquarters in the field
estimate the total number Of killed
and wounded on both sides at 60,00O,
but this is considered too low.
The railway yards at Mukden are
cOngested with the trains bearing the
wounded from the battle field to the