davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17
ROOSEVELT AND THE SUPREME
COURT.

d. H. Hardy, of Beaumont, Texas, in
an open letter to the New York World,
asks the following questions with re-
gard to Mr.. Roosevelt:
IF he is elected what guarantee is
there of the remaining stability of the
Supreme Court-the last hope of the
Republic: Could not forceful argu-
ment founded upon well-established
principles of law and ancient prece-
dents be presented to Il Supreme Court
Judge, newly appointed by President
Roosevelt, just elected by the people,
that the acts and declarations of the
President made and done before the
election, charged during the campaign
as being i'll violation of the ConStitu-
ton as heretofore construed, had been
adopted and ratified by the people of
the whole United States. in his election,
as the proper construction of the Con
stitution, and that they became the
rule Of construction and Interpretation
Of that instrument in the matters in
question? 1t will not have to be Il
constitutional argument. 1t will need
to be only a plausible one, backed up
by big constitutional army and navy.
Then the Rooseveltian revolution is
cOmDlete"
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17
THE TARIFF IS A SwINDLE On
W0RKINGMEN.


Workingmen sell labor and buy
goods. 1t is TO their interest to have
labor dear and goods cheap. How can
tariff on goods protect labor? 1t
cannot and does not. Workingmen can
never be protected by any tariff on
goods. while labor is lett on the free
list and immigrants can flood this
country with cheap labor, as they are
now doing
Labor on the free list means the
cheapest possible labor in our protect
ed mills. Tariff-taxed goods means
the highest possible prices for manu-
factured goods. This sort of protec-
ton works beautifully for the manu-
facturers, but very poorly for the EN-
ployes. 1t is. in fact. swindle Oh the
American workingman. for it compels
him to pay American prices for goods
while selling his labor practically at
European wages. If day or week
wages are higher here it is because our
workers do more work and not be-
cause of tariff taxes upon goods.
The humbug of the tariff, so far as
labor is concerned. was we'll summed
up by Ion. William D. Kelley, pro-
tectionist leader in Congress in 1872,
when he said: Yes, men ar2 on the
free list. They cost us not even
freight. We promote free trade in
men, and it is the only free trade l
am prepared to promote"
A tariff on goods. by barring out for
eign goods, makes it easy for our
manufacturers to form trusts and put
up prices. This they have done. Prices
are now from thirty-five to forty per
cent. higher than in 1897, when the
Dingley bill, which greatly increased
tariff duties on goods, became law.
Trusts and monopolies now control
the prices of nearly everything. A
leading Republican Congressman. Mr..
Littlefield of Maine. ha printed in
the Congressional Record of Febru-
ary 26, 1903. list of 800 trusts with
capitalization of nearly $14,000,000,-
600. The most of these trusts have
been formed since 1897.
The Dingley bill did not put duty
on labor to keep out foreigners and to
protect American wages. 1t left labor
on the free list and 5000 immigrants
day, or nearly 1,000,O00a year, are land
ing in this country to compete with
American workingmen and keep wages
down. When workingmen strike for
higher wages or shorter hours their
places are often filled by these for
eigners. Many strikes are lost or partly
lost, because of this steady 'intiOw
of foreigners, all looking for work. If
the workers now on strike in the cot
ton mills, steel mills. beef packing
houses, etc, are lost it will be be-
cause there is plenty of idle labor, and
it is easy for employers to obtain
workers at lower wages. In fact, the
employers would not have permitted
or encouraged strikes, had it not been
for this great influx of foreign labor
and for the fact that high tariffs and
high trust prices have prostrated our
industries and thrown thousands of
men out of employment.
The tariff must be changed somehow,
if the workingmen are to be benefited
by it.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17
PUT DOWN AUTOCRACY.

Mr.. Rooseveit's party leaders, with
his own assent, are now admitting the
force of the argument against auto
cracy and the war spirit by insisting
that Mr.. Roosevelt is not autocratic
and that he is man of peace. Secre-
tary Taft endeavored to make his Ver-
mont hearers believe him to be lamb
like. Mr.. Roosevelt himself is helping
them by keeping silent. If it be true,
then, that revealed autocracy and
jingoism would be both fatal to democ-
racy and unpopular. as the President
and his party admit, and if it be also
true that Mr.. Roosevelt is both auto
cratic and belligerent, then it is the
first duty of those who believe in demo-
cratic government to defeat Mr.. Roose-
Welt, and thus to resist the threatened
change of our system OF government
Professor Henry Loomis Nelson. in the
New York World.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17
|IHE WAGES OF
RAILWAY EMPLOYEES
FACTS VS.. ESTIMATES
,,ourate Official Statistics of Actual
PAYMENTS to i,3l2,537 Wage
Farmers Refuie the Claim That
High Prices Have Brought
Prosperity 10 Labor.

Every railway corporation in the
United States is compelled by law to
,anort 10 the Interstate Commerce
Commission at Washington the ag-
sregate number of days worked during
bp wear by all its employees and all
hose belonging TO each class and the
rrecise sums paid in wages to all en-
moves and TO each class. From these
Ana the Commissions statistician fig
pres averages of daily wages which
rpDreSent every workman employed
iuring the year and every dollar paid
in wages. The number of employees
st the time the Commissions last re-
port was rendered was s312,531 This
!, more than seven times the number
IN the 3429 selected establishments and
de 80 unrepresentative occupations
psed by the Bureau of Labor as the
basis of the estimates which purport
70 show an advance in wages of 1853
Der cent over the average for the ten
rearS from 1890 to 1899.
The following table shows the aver
age wages for each class of railway
employees in 1903, the average for the
Years from 1892 to 1899 statistics for
1870 and 1891 are not available), and
The increase, if any, over the averages
Of the eight year period:
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17

President Roosevelts method of re-
warding his favorites at the expense
Of the taxpayers is illustrated in the
retirement this week of Major Jerome
A. Watrous, of the Pay apartment of
the army. Major Watror was ap-
pointed to the army when fifty-eight
years G. /" from civil life in 1898.
and had had no military record subse-
quent to the lvil War. He has lust
been promoted, on the eve of his re-
tirement, to lieutenant-colonelcy and
will dra as a pension the retired nav
of the higher rank. Clearly such a re-
ward was never intende! to go with
six years of light duty in the purely
clerical work of the Pay Department.
The retired list is for officers who
have given their lives to the military
service, and net for those who have
sought the army pay roll as an haven
of refuge after making failures of
private life. 1t is no wonder that a
New York paper calls this the worst
appointment since 1.-THE selection of
the Presidential milkman for a SIM
liar position when about sixty years
of age"
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17
TRUSTS In ENGLAND.

Nowhere in the campaign book is the
evidence of the deliberate attempt Of
the Republicans to distort and falSify
facts and figures, TO deceive the vot-
ers, more unmistakable than in their
discussion of trusts and the tariff"
Unable to see the hundreds of giant
trusts stalking over this country, they
have no trouble in looking across the
ocean and seeing the few little pigmies
that exist in England. They tell US, in
the language of Senator Dolliver, that
Englanl is ''plastered all over with
trusts
They then mention several small
combinations formed in England since
1S90-some of which are long since
defunct-and sum up the grand total
as follows:
In the decade 1S90-1900 the public
announcement of combinations in free
trade England included 32S different
business concerns amalganlated into
fifteen great organizations with a total
capital of $230,000,000, while very
large number Of minor organizations
and those which are not made public
should be added to the list TO render it
complete" -
This awful list might astoniSh US,
if we had not one trust with six times
and one with twice the capital of all
these English trusts. By some over
sight the compilers of the Republican,
campaign book neglected to include Con-
gressman Littletield's list of 800 trusts
with S14,OOO,000,000 of capital. This
list was published in the Congressional
Record of February 6, 1908. They
could not doubt its accuracy for Mr..
Littlefield is a Republican of high
standing in his party.
Had they not overlooked this list,
they would not have written their
chapter on trust and the tariff" for
they would have realized that nearly
all of these were formed under the
Mckinley and Dingley tariff bills and
that, as their good friend, Mr.. H. o.
Havemeyer, the President of the Sugar
Trust, said, 1.-The mother of all trusts
is the customs tariff bill"
Had they looked a little further into
protected Germany, or Austria-Hun-
gary, they could have seen some well
developed specimens of trusts, though
nothing to compare with the Dingley
species. But their vision just reached
to England.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17
PROSPERITY IN SPOTS.

That prosperity the Republicans brag
! about is not blossoming in the cities is
more than apparent to any one who
| will take the trouble to investigate
conditions that exist The New York
World of August 80 shows the dire
distress that prevails in New York,
which the following headlines of an
article published in that newspaper
condenses thus: Figures Show Times
are Hard" Census of City's Free
Lodging House Gives Forty-six Per
Cent. Increase Over Last Year.
MANY Men Want Work Who Cannot
Get It." And yet Secretary Wilson,
speaking i'll Vermont on the same day
that the conditions described above
prevailed, said: "The people were
| never more prosperous than now" The
same unfortunate conditions exist i'll
every large city. and all over the coun-
| try there are men hunting a job, and
not as Mckinley described prosperity,
| ''the job hunting the man.
| How is it in Iowa, Secretary Will
sons own State, is everything so pros
! porous there? Less than q month ago
Il press dispatch from DeS Moines
gave the names of seven bankers who
had committed suicide in as many
| months, and all their banks were
found to be hopeleSsly involved. A
good many stockholders and deposit
orS can hardly be very prosperous af-
ter losing their ready money, and in
consequence it is stated that real eS-
tate had to be sold at great sacri
fee and the land boom" has collapsed
like pricked inflated bladder. There
are other conditions that do not con-
duce to agricultural prosperity. The
Beef Trust has been forcing down
the price of cattle and hogs, not that
it is selling beef and pork on a sim
liar basis, for every one is still grum-
bling in the cities at the high price of
meat
That generally the farmers are doing
fairly we'll is probable, and if frost
holds off for to corn to ripen there will
be no hard times in Iowa and the
other corn States, but conditions under
the best of circumstances possible will
not approach other more prosperous
years. 1t is hardly creditable for
man who has been selected to Cabi-
net position to deceive the voters with
cry of universal prosperity that does
not exist and to do so for partisan pur-
poses. to bolster up the waning pOiiti-
cal prosperity that the Republican
party has enjoyed.
With thousands Of men on strike,
with the cotton industry standing still.
with iron and steel lacking a market
and the textile industry languishing,
it is folly to talk of prosperity being
greater than ever before. Then those
barometers of business, the railroads,
their earnings show a large falling off,
with prospect of further decline.
With all this and great deal more
that might be said, the Republican
leaders have to resort to such state
ments as Secretary Wilson puts forth
to try and fool the voters into believ-
ing that prosperity dogs Republican
footsteps, when the facts, that are pat
ent to the least observant. belle their
words.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17
R00SEVELT'S WAR SPIRIT.

Mr.. Roosevelt's tendency to auto
cracy, and the support which his own
party has given to it in Congress, is
shown by the expenditures which are
Delng made in preparation for fancied
war, for the first object of an autocrat
Is to increase the armed force of the
nation, and then to make it his per-
ssonal force. The party in Congress
mas consented to the increase. Mr.,
Roosevelt has made the military force.
especially the army, his own by favor
ltlsm, as in the case of General Wood.
In this fiscal year, to the last day in
august, the Government expended $24.-
VO0,OO0 more than it received, accord
ing to the Treasury accounts. 1t ac-
tually expended $17, 100000 more than
It expended for the like period in 1908.
Its receipts for the time, compared
with those Of the previous year, fell
on $6,0O0,000. - Professor Henry
Loomis Nelson, in New York World.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17
THE FAT FRYERS.
Standard Oil and the Other Trusts Are
Again Sizzling in The Republican
Frying Pan.

Thomas w. Lawson, of Boston, con-
tinues to tell his story of "Frenzied
Finance in the September number
of Everybody's Magazine, and his ex-
posure of the Standard Oil plan of
fleeing the people is NEST interest
ing and instructive of trust doings.
Mr.. Lawson, being at the time he
writes of, in close alliance with the
Rockefellers and indeed one of the
Copper Trust magnateS, and being a
strong Republican partisan, contrib
uting literally to the Mckinley cam
paign funds, his chapter on The Pow
er of the Dollar" in politics is of great
Importance. Here we have a multi
millionaire telling us of how the Re-
publicans purchased the elections with
the vast sum of money furnished by
the trusts and corporations, and that
even the courts are controlled by these
vast agGregationS of wealth Mr..
Lawson says:
AT no time in the history of the
United States has the power of dol
lars been as great as now. Freedom
and equity are controlled by dollars.
The laws which should preserve and
enforce all rights are made and en-
forced by dollars. 1t is possible, to-
day, with dollars, to steer the se:ec-
ton of the candidates of both the
great parties for the highest office in
our republic. that of President of the
United States, so that the people, as
matter of fact must elect one of the
'steered candidates. 1t is possible to
repeat the operation in the selection
of candidates for the executive and
legislative conduct and control of
every State and municipality in the
United States, and with a sufficient
number of dollars to steer the do
ings of the lawmakers and IaW-en-
forcers of the National, State and mu-
nicipal governments of the people,
and sufficient proportion OF the
court decisions to make absolute any
power created by such direction. 1t
is all, broadly speaking, Il matter of
dollars to practically accomplish these
things
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17
FAIRBANKS TALKS LIKE A PARROT.

The Republicans loudly acclaim
that all good legislation Of the past
forty years is theirs in inception and
enactment and Senator Fairbanks
goes so far in his speech IN Vermont
the other day as to declare that moth
ing good can proceed from the Demo
Gratis, and that prosperity can only
be expected under a Republican ad-
ministration. But the plaitudes OF a
Fairbanks do not change history and
the panic and business distress of 1872
), when the Republicans had com
plete control of all departments OF the
Government, and had been supreme
for more than a decade, was. of
course, overlooked by the unctuous
candidate for Fice-President. Nor did
he remember that the panic of 1898
was under full head before the cleo
ton of Mr.. Cleveland, and the Dem
ocratic tariff bill did not pass until
1904. Both these business distur-
Dances had been incubated under the
hot air force of high protective tariffs.
which are enormously declared in the
Republican platform to be panic proof.
No one who knows Mr.. Fairbanks eX-
pected him to rise to craftsmanship. his
whole training and experience being
to but grind out a machine politician,
but as the Republican party has seen
fit to eXalt him to prominence he
should be muZzled i'll his utterances
about historical facts or he will be set
down as an ignoramus.
The Democrats, though, ought not
to grumble at these outbreaks of Fair
banks, for if the Republican commit
tee will keep him and Secretaries
Shaw and Wilson as their principal
stump speakers they will disturb the
minds of the thinking Republican vot-
ers and certainly convert no Demo-
nrot
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17
HHEN THE TARIFF DEMANDS
REVISION.

If the protected infant
has the capacity for growth that was
attributed to him when the course of
nursing, coddling, training and patient
waiting was entered upon, he will an
nounce that fact after term of years
by showing his inherent strength and
proving that these fostering practices
are no longer necessary. They are
then needed only to aid monopolistic
power within the industry. 1t appears.
then, that drties have two distinct
functions. One is to protect
trust in the industry. PROF. John B.
Clark, of Columbia University. in the
Political Science Quarter! for Sep.
tember. 1904.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17

protecting an industry as such is
one thing; it means that Americans
shall be enabled to hold possession of
their market, provided they charge
prices for their goods which yield a
fair profit only. Protecting a monop-
oly in the industry is another thing; it
means that foreign competition is to be
cut off, even when the American pro-
ducer charges unnatural prices. It
means that the trust shall be enabled
to sell a portion of its goods abroad
at one price cEd the remainder at
home at much higher e."-Prof.
John B. Work, of Columbia University,
in the Political Science Quarterly for
September. 1904.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17
FRiCK TO COLLECT FUNDS.

A special telegram 20 the New York
World, from Pittsburg, says:
Henry Clay Frick has been an.
pointed the financial head of the Re.
publican campaign in western Penn
sylvania, the object being to use him
to secure financial aid from the manu-
facturers of this section
The man who made this appoint
ment, if anybody did. is George B. Cor
telyou, who WAS Secretary of Com
merce (and presumably the chief Gov
ernment hunter for trust secrets. and
is Chairman and chief fat-fryer for
the Republican National Committee
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17
ROOSEYELT'S "WOOLLY HORSE"

Recalling that the late P. T. Barnum'
for years advertised and exhibited o
so-called ''woolly horse" whose chief
characteristic was that the wool had
been glued on him instead of having
been grown from his hide by nature,
the following with regard to Senator
Fairbanks, which appeared in the
Army and Navy Critic, is amusing:
Our dignified President speaks of
him as that woolly horse from Indi-
ana. His friends do not like this; but
Mr.. Fairbanks considers it high
privilege to have Mr.. Roosevelt call
him the wOolly horse from Indiana
or even a jackass. Mr.. Roosevelt is a
chevalier, a horse-taming hero. He
could do a man no higher honor than
to liken him to a horse"
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17
FOUR YEARS OF "UNBRIDLED
ROOSEyELTISM.'

Mr.. Roosevelt in going before the
sople now virtually asks them to re-
move all checks from his impulsive
self. The next four years would be
neriod of unbridled Rooseveltism. A
fair question for the people is-Would
unbridled Rooseveltism be preferable
TO the qualified Rooseveltism with
which we are acquainted? The an
swer must be, No.-St. Louis Repub-,
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17
NEW YORK FOR PARKER.

Throughout the country in general,
and especially up the State, there has
been much anxiety expressed over the
situation in Greater New York with
regard to the attitude of Tammany.
All of l. is needless worry. New York
State will go for Parker by at least
10000 plurality.-N. Y. Democracy,
Sept. 3.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17

The tADIe SHOWS That the average
daily wages of all classes of railway
employees has increased barely eight
per cent. Even the Bureau of Labor
was forced to admit that the retail
prices of 1903 were, on the average,
1913 per cent. higher than those of
1880 to 1899. Bulletin No. 90 of the
Bureau shows that the following arti-
cleS have advanced more than eight
per cent, and hence more than the
wages of railway employees.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17
CONSTITUTIONAL GOVERNMENT
BEST.

The necessity for an imperalistic
President does not appear. In the
past under constitutional govern
ment with constitutional Presidents we
have done very well. We have de-
clared war when necessary and have
defended the Monroe Doctrine success
fully at every stage.-St. Louis Re-
Dublic
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17
SENATOR DEPEW ON PARKER

In the course of an address delivered
at Jamaica, N. Y, on Labor Day, Sen
ator Chauncey M. Depew referred to
the st. Louis convention and of Judge
Parker and praised the latter for his
honesty and his courage in sending his
famous gold telegram to the former.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17

There are some industries which are
fully matured. The duties which were
imposed to shield them during their
infancy are no longer necessary for
that purpose. The sole effect
of duties on the products Of such in
dustries is to encourage monopoly
Prof. John Bates Clark, in the Political.
Science Quarterly for September. 1904.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17

The earnings of a days labor in rail
way employment would purchase less
Of every one of the articles in the fore
gong list in 1903 than would the
slightly lower wages of 1892 to 1899
at the very much lower prices of the
IaSt decade. In order TO know what
real wages are, it is necessary to find
out what the money received as wages
VIII buy An advance i'll the amount
Of money received is accompanied by
general advance i'll prices. which is
pr0portonately greater and leaves the
,Worklngman in worse position than
before. The foregoing shows the de-
crease i'll real wages as applied to the
purchase of articles of food. Bulletin
NO. 5l of the Bureau of Labor shows
mat, on the basis of Wholesale prices,
lhe advance i'll the cost of the follow
ing classes of commodities has so far
exceeded the slight rise i'll the wages
OF railway labor (as measured in men
ey) that the purchasing power of a
days work has decreased.
vi farm products the days work of
an average railway employe will now
purchase but 9O.S per cent, of what
similar days work would buy in
IS92-lS99; of fuel and lighting mate
nalS, but 1913 per cent; of metals and
implements, but 91.S pr cent; of Ium-
Der and building materials. but $50
per cent; of drugs ard chemicals. but
So'S per cent; of housefurnishing
goods, but 95.5 per cent, and of mis-
cellaneous commodities, but % per
cent. The average loss in purchasing
power with regard to all classes of
commodities, IS shown by the official
statistics, is precisely five per cent.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17

ra,dv he are at work and we trust
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1904-09-17

When a youth he went to The