The Saint Paul globe., 1904-05-22

manding the constant use of hand and
eye as well as brain.
The classification adopted by the de-
partment includes elementary, second
ary and higher education, special edu-
cation in fine arts, agriculture COM
merce and industry. also groups COW
erfng education of detectives, special
Ior1ns OF education, text books, school
furniture and school appliances.
Agriculture and Mechanic Arts.
The most interesting display to the
american is that of the colleges of ag-
rlculture and mechanic arts and ex-
pertinent stations of the United States.
prepared under the direct supervision
of the government in accordance with
appropriation of 100000 made there
fore by congress. Scores of working
laboratories and models are in opera
ton in this exhibit, gathered under
two great heads:
Relations of the United States gov
ernment education in agriculture and
mechanics arts, which is directed by
DR.. w. 7. Harris, United States bu
reau of education, Washington, ID. c.,
and relations of the United States with
institutions for research in agriculture
under direction of DR.. A. c. True, Unit
ed States office of experiment stations
Washington, d. c.
These gentlemen are assisted by a
corps of experts in charge to the num-
Der of twentysiX, all from the ranks
of the leading professors of state uni
versities, state agricultural colleges
and experimental stations, one of the
latter is at present in operation in
every state and territory of the Union.
Perhaps the most striking feature Of
- III
carried on by these experimental sta
piration colorimeter for experiments
on cattle, recently constructed at the
Pennsylvania station with the coop
Grafton of the bureau of animal indus
try Of the United States department
of agriculture. under the supervision
of the director of the station, DIR. H. c.
Armsby, with the assistance Of Mr.. ].
A. Fries.
DR.. Armsby says that by means of
this apparatus, it is possible. almost
literally, to weigh the breath of an
animal. More strictly speaking, it de-
termines the gases given off in the res
piration of steer or cow. These
gases arise from slow burning in the
body which produces the vital heat
and the apparatus is also designed to
measure this heat. 1t thus permits
living machine Of which the fuel is
supplied by the food.
Relative Food Values.
With its aid the relative values of
different foods under various condi-
tions are being scientifically investi-
gated. Each experiment lasts for for
ty-eight hours consecutiveIy. and re-
Quires the services of seven or eight
men.
The apparatus cost about $4,000 and
was over three years in building. 1t is
on the same principle as that con-
strueted by Profs. Atwater and Rosa
in experiments on men, but it is much
larger, and is the only one of the kind
as yet completed in the world
Some of the results obtained with
the apparatus are interestingly shown
by means Of blocks of polished an
thracite coal, which represent the
amounts of heat, corresponding to the
fuel value of the food and the amounts
rejected with eKcreta or used in the
body.
Another most novel and interesting
part of the agricultural college exper-
imental stations exhibit is the dairy
laboratory section. This section illus
trates the dairy instructions given in
the American agricultural colleges and
the results of the Investigations made
in the different laboratories along the
most important lines of inspection and
analysis Of milk.
The various constituent parts of
milk, butter and cheese are shown in
the exact proportions in which they
are contained in these dairy products
The apparatus and supplies used in
dairy laboratories and by scientific in
VeStigatOrS are also shown.
meteorological exhibit also found
in this section shows the extent to
which milk can be, and is contaminat-
ed. with the bacteria under a filthy
condition of milking. and also to what
a wonderful extent the bacteria are
decreased under a cleanly and properly
cared for dairy.
Numerous charts are also seen here
illustrating the extent of the dairy in
duStry in the United States, also nu-
merous large photographs of equip
ment used in this work at the various
experimental stations of the unfversi-
ties throughout the country.
Adjoining the dairy booth comes a
technical and intricate demonstration
of the analysis and inspection of sug-
ars, which is another important point
in the pure food proposition and one in
regard to which the government. seems
fully awake.
Animal Husbandry and Nutrition.
Animal husbandry and animal nutri-
ton is accorded much space here, as is
also fertilizers and a most complete
soil laboratory. Entomology and path
ology shown in connection with a plant
laboratory, while horticulture and for
estry are given equal prominence with
field crops and rural economics.
The mechanics arts section Of this
great government exhibit is Worthy Of
the greatest interest, covering mining
and rural engineering, drawing and