davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Newport daily independent., 1904-12-13
HOLIDAY EXCURSION RATES

To the Southeastern states via the Iron Mountain Route. Rate one regular standard fare plus S2 for the round trip. Dates of sale December q, p, 23 and 26, with final return limit of 30 days from date of sale.
 btd THos. H. REAMEY, Agt.
Newport daily independent., 1904-12-13

A. Mortensen has moved his cleaning and pressing shop to the newly remodeled building oppo- site city iail. S6dtf
Newport daily independent., 1904-12-13
MAKING PORT ON CINE LEG.
The Disabled Steamer BulE aria Pre- csedinS SlOwl, Under
 Single Propeller.

London, April 20.-The disa et Hamburg-American line steamer Bul garia, from New York. April 6, tu Hamburg, which was reported haNp lost her starboard propeller and iras tured the shaft on April 12 at sea passed Prawle point. in the English channel, slowly proceeding under he' port propeller to her destination.
The Holly chieftain., 1904-06-24
SANTA FE
TIME TABLE

GOING WEST.
No. 1, local passenger, 1:4l a. m
No. 5 f-Denver express. 1925 a. m
No. SWAY freight....... 1885 a. m
GOING EAST.
No. 4 f-California express. $40 a. m
No. 8-Mexico and Califor-
MIA XpreSS...............-..... Luz y. Ill
No. Sway freight. 3:05 p. m
All passenger trains except No. 8
carry tourists and Pullman sleeD"rs.
No. 8 carries day coaches and Pull
man sleepers.
No. carries through sleeperS to
st. Louis via X. Z. and Wabash,
ANY information concerning train
services. ticket rates, etc, cheerfully
given. II. =. HORST. Agt.
The Holly chieftain., 1904-06-24
Startling Evidence.

Fresh testimony in great quantity
is constantly coming in declaring
DR.. Kings New Discovery for
Consumption, Coughs and Colds
to be unequaled. A recent ex-
press,on from T. j. Mcfarland
Bentorville Va, serves as example.
He writes: Il had Bronchitis for
three years and doctored all the
time without being benefited
Then | began taking DR.. Kings
New Discovery. and few bottles
wholly cured me. Equally effective
in curing all Lung and Throat
troubles Consumption, Pneumonia
and Grip. Guaranteed bv Ikel.
man Bros, druggists. Trial bot.
ties free, regular sizes SOC and 81,
The Holly chieftain., 1904-06-24
.FAvoRlTE HOME PAPER.
Why The TWice-A.Week Repub.
lie Has Achieved Wide
Popularity.

Established for nearly century and
Read regularly by more than 100000
persons in uhe west and Southwest
the TWICE-A. WEEK REPUBLIC
of ST. Louis can justly lay claim to
that enviable distinction. "Favorite
Home Paper
1t is great because 1t has always
aimed to inform, instruct and enter
tain its readers on all matters Of pub
lie and homo interest, In 1904 it will
be especially interesting and valuable.
Here are some reasons why you should
subscribe for it:
This Is campaign year, and you will
want to be informed Of the movements
of party leaders. reports of the great
National and State conventions. the
progress OF the campaign, reports of
the elections, etc.
You will want to know all about the
Worlds Fair, to be held in st. Louis
from April so to December l, 1904.
You will be interested in and kept
we'll informed by the Farm Visitor. a
regular supplement of the paper, pre-
pared especially Tor the farmer and
his family.
You will want to know what the
world is doing in every field of activi-
ty, and through the unsurpassed news
and special service of the Twice a.
Week Republic you will no. be disap
pointed.
In short sketches, choice bits OF tic-
tion. articles of interest to women,
children and the home, fashion hints
and helpful household suggestions the
Twice. Week Republic easily leads
among this weellieS of the great west.
If YOU want the Twice-a-week Re.
public sent to your address. order it
at once direct from the Office at St.
Louis. Mo-, or through your local
newsdealer. Itcosts only 81 year.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1904-04-16
TOLERANCE IN THE SOUTH
Growing Independence of Thought
and Action in That Section.
February Century

There has been much commentator
lately of the action Of the board of
trustees of a southern college In re-
fustng to accept the resignation OF a
professor who had been fercely criti-
cized for the non-official expression Of
certain opinions concerning the race
question. These opinions were not
of trustees, but, having faith in the
professor, both as man and a teach
err, they firmly and courageously re-
fused to let him go. In the stand they
took these trustees did good work, not
merely for their college and for the
south, but for the cause OF academic
freedom in general, and the still great
er cause of the freedom Of opinion and
of speech everywhere.
The incident referred to is not the
only sign Of late of growing independ-
ence of thought and action in the
south, noticeable in connection, as
might be expected, with colleges and
universities, and emphasized by the
conduct Of some of the courts Of JUS
tice In their condemnation of injuries
to black men.
One special reason for the difficulty
of Independent opinion in the south is,
Of course, the presence of the eternal
race problem The abolition Of
slavery greatly relieved the pressure
upon opinion and it's expression. But
the peculiar problem still remains In
an acute form, with always natural,
If not always well-advised, resentment
at what is looked upon as outside
Interference In the circumstances
such an occurrence as the retention Of
the professor who, in the honesty of
his convictions, had offended public
sentiment. is all the more creditable.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1904-04-16

Mold, a5@so; Atiaat a 74asS; Binghan, 2aA
@23; Calumet & Hecla, 465@467; Centennial.
19A @20; Con. Mercer, 5O@51; Copper Range
Con-, 42@42H; DAILY West, 21A @22; Dominion Is3r
Goal. 6lA@62A Dominion Steel, ION Elm
IS Mass sssk a1a hay 4s 41,s g
aoa s ea'sf Bestea. s5a7s: Sd celeay
Old Dominion, 12@13; osceola, 571a@5sA; Par
rott. 23A @241s; Phoenix, 1874 @13h; Quincy,
s5@ss; Rhode island, Il Santa Fe, 1A@11s;
1o5@ loO1a; Tamareek, s5@es; Teeumseh, %;
Trinity, 4@4A: United Copper Co., 5A@6;
United States Mining, 2o1A@2oA; United States tes
ash; Winena, sasA; Wolverine, 72@723z;
LONDON CLOSING STOCKS, April 1e-Con-
Ans es oas snso e. HteSIssn
ferred, a61a; Baltimore s. Ohio, 81; Canadian Pa
cifc, 119B; chesapeake & Ohio, 3374; Chicago
Sseat TX chissge M pSDssl 8 Sc
Gpande, 81 penr Fser rio Ss erapde e preferred
1919; Erie, 22S: Erie LIST preferred, 677a; Erie
I'd preferred 43h; Illinois Central. 134; Louis
vile & Nashville. III Missouri, Kansas y
Texas, It's New York Central, 120; Norfolk ~
Western 5e Norfolk s Western ao s
Rand Mines, loss Reading ,2sA Reading ). 1 i
ferred 81 Southern Pacific, 81 Union Pacific,
Steel, 11N United States Steel preferred, 601s;
Wabash Is Wabas 40 5ss SCI
cent The rate Of discount in the open market
for short bills is 2 7-16@2h per cent; three
months bills, 21a@2 GIG per cent
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1904-04-16
WALL ST. CLOSES
DULL And EASY
TRADE DRAGS ALONG ENTIRELY
WITHOUT INTEREST.
Few Orders at Opening and Prices
Show Small Adyances--A Few Spec
talHes Fluctuate in First Hour
Drift of Prices to Lower Level.

New York, April 16.-Only few orders
were in the stock market to-day, for ex-
ecution at the opening and resulted in
small fractional advances. A gain of a
point in North Western and a loss of n
in United States Rubber preferred We're
the only changes worthy Of note.
Secondary prices did not vary materially
from the opening, speculation imm ediately
lapsing into a rut.
Except for the fluctuations in a few spe-
cialties, the dealings during the first hour
were bare Of feature.
Virginia, Carolina Chemical declined IA
and recovered about half the loss Con-
solidated Gas advanced SA, Brooklyn
Union Gas 5. and American Telephone &
Telegraph 8. General Electric lost i.
The drift Of prices was to a lower level
some of the leaders getting below last
night. The trading was entirely without
interest. Consolidated Gas reacted ~
and then rallied. Virginia, Carolina. Chem
ical preferred dropped 6as on one sale. The
closing was dull and easy.
Stock quotations reported for The Journal by
Watson 6 Co., brokers, Chamber of Commerce,
Minneapolis:
Closing figures are bid.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1904-04-16
Total sales, 81 shares.
MONEY REPORTS

WASHINGTON, April 16--To-day's statement
Of the re- a IN the general fund
ssasss geis sloe sees ssse
notes, 81, 5se.s55; total receipts this day,
81 1856: total receipts this month s22 400 1888;
th,l total
lures this month. s2s $50. 900; total expenditures
this yes s5aa 81 Sa2s deposits national
day A ser York eaeh slsssln setting 1s
Chicago eEehanse selling rate ate Soc Soc premium
6uying rate Toe premium London so-day sigh.
SEW YORK apr new high
were scored By this weeks bank Statement ae It.
namely. the grand total for loans. ST os4 as4 100
aaa cash nsns M The e.
averages Of the clearing house banks of this city
ere es sa deposits In
crease $1l 805, 800: circulation $35 314 200. de.
crease $so6; 800; legal tenders SO. 200. in
reserve se ef,s Increase sss
600; reserve required s254 ,279, 800. increase
increase 81. 4O5, 775 -
ST. PAUL. April 16.-Bank clearings. ss2s..
NEW YORK, Aprfl 1e-elose: Prime merean
at 81 s.. a5a4s7 40 for demand and at s4.ssai
50 70 for 6o-day bills; Posted rates: .s5ls
and 81. 6s: commercial bills. .$4.s4H a4s4k; bal
silver, 5sac;; Mexican dollars, 43c. Bonds
Government. steady; railroad frm Money on
call. nominal: no loans: time loans easy. 60 and
30 days ~ 3 per cent; months. 3A. :.
francs IS centiines for the account $3.50 :
LONDON. April 16.--Rullinn amounting tt
e 80 900 was Withdrawn from the Bank of Eng
land to-day for shipment to South America.
BERLIN. April 16.--Exehange on London q
marks 45h pigs for checks. Discount rates
short bills. 2M per cent, three months bluls. ~
per cent.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1904-04-16
STATE GRAIN INsPEcTIoN. APRIL Is.

Inspected Observation-Disclosures Northern
No. northern, 81 No. northern, a. No. 5, 4;
rejected. 5; no grade, 2.
ern, &; No. 3, 6; rejected, 10; grade, 3.
500 Line-No northern. 1: No. northern,
8; No. 3, 1.
Northern PaciAe-No. | northern, Il: No. 2
northern, 1; No. 3, /: rejected, 2.
Chicago st. Paul, Minneapolis & omaha-Re-
jected, 2.
Minnesota Transfer-No. 1 northern. /: No.
TotaI-No. northern. ~; No. northern.
20; No. 3, u; rejected, 10; no grade. 5.
Other Observation-Disclosures macaroni wheat,
8; No. 8 winter wheat, Ia; rejected winter
wheat, 4. No. corn. !; No. white oats, 2;
No, white oats. II; No, oats, 10; no grade
barley, 9; No. fax, 70: rejected fax, 3.
:. Cars Inspected Out-No. hard wheat, 1;
81; No. 8 wheat, 81 rejected wheat, Z; no grade
wheat, o. No. winter wheat, 5; no grade win
ter wheat. /; No. 3 white OATS IS; No.
white oats, L; No. oats, 8; No. 4 barley. /;
No. barley, IA; No fax. %; rejected fax, 3.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1904-04-16
MISCELLANEOUS

NEW YORK COTTON, April 1e.-The cotton
market opened steady at a decline of 16@17
points on the old crop, while the new crop was
points lower to point higher. The declines
were due to liauida ton BY room longs, follow
ing disappointing cables and bearish visible
supply statement, while the relative steadiness
reports Of cold weather In the western belt
particularly Texas The forecast called for still
colder weather tonight, tho temperatures were
thought likely to be higher on Sunday, and after
the opening here the market turned frmer, re-
covering several points Of the early liss on buy
ing, attracted by reports of damage to early
planted cotton, with much Of the demand COM
Ing from New Orleans.
Cotton futures closed quiet, April 14o2c;
May, II, Lose; June, IA 22c; July, 1920; August,
1876; September, 12.40c; october, 11.s4c; No.
yember, 11.70c; December, 11.69c; January,
Spot closed quiet. middling uplands, IA 40c !;
middling gulf, 1860; sales, 1,4O7 bales.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1904-04-16
FINANCIAL GOSSIP

Watson's New York office says: Speculative
activity In stocks has halted this week, largely
influenced by the question of the Union Pacific
contest to renew control of Northern Pacific and
road corporations have dashed the hopes of an
improved demand for bonds. Crop prospects
have growing influence and the winter wheat
the iron trade was of moderate effect Rail-
road earnings are lower, but the settlement
OF grain rate disputes was regarded with salts
faction. The ease of the money market lacks
reassurtng effect owing to the high interest rates
on the railroad notes.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1904-04-16
NO sEEDINGDoNE !
NORTH DAKOTA REPORTS pEss1MIsT1c-
ROCK COUNTY WELL ADVANCED.

ROCK COUNTY WELL ADVANCED.
Special to The Journal.
Lakota, n. D., April 16-seeding will be UNI
usually late this year. The frost has hardly
commenced to leave the ground. It is predicted
that the acreage will be much less than for
several years owing to the inability OF farmers
to 90 their spring Flowing The ground is still
white with snow. =.
Luyerne, Mimi, April le-The unafovorable
weather has been taken advantage of by farmers
to crowd the work Of seeding and practically all
OF the wheat and oats have been sown. Except
in some localities where It has been too wet the
ground has been in excellent condition for seed
ing all the spring. The high prices for wheat
have led farmers to increase materially the acre
ssge Of their wheat fields and more wheat has
been sown this year than for several seasons.
The acreage of corn will be fully as large.
Minnewaukon n. D., April 16.-Snow fell for
five hours yesterday. It Is very cold and the
ground is frozen solid. No farm work has been
done yet, and none win be possible for week
or ten days.
Detroit, Mimi, April 16.-Spring work has
been much delayed on account Of snow and cold
weather. and will be two weeks later than
usual. There are still several inches OF snow
On the ground, and no work has been done in
Black River Falls. Wis, April 1s.-No seed
ing has been done in Jackson county and the
season Is the latest ever known here
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1904-04-16
THE CASH TRADE
CORN FIRMER-OTHER COARSE Ora
FIRM AND STEADY,

-f.H FIRM AND STEADY.
FLAX-Good demand at unchanged prices,
$1.161s @1.15A for No. and $1.14A for re-
jeeted.
Minneapolis received 10 cars against IL
year ago, and shipped Z. Duluth received IS
, cars. u
Closing prices: Minneapolis, cash. S1.15; to
arrive. S1.15; March, $1.15: May, S1.1o.
OATS-No white closed at 394c. Receipts,
30 cars: shipments. is
CORN-Firmer and about 1c up for choice
lots No. yellow closed at 50c Receipts 8
cars shipments, none.
MILLSTUFFS--Bran In bulk, $145o@14.75;
shorts, S15.50@15.75 middlings S179IT.50; red
lo0-lb sacks, $3.50 per ton addtional; in 200
ID sacks, 81 per ton additional Shipments 7O1
j. tons.
+ FEED AND MEAI-Coarse corn meal and
cracked corn, In sacks, sacks extra, S1S.25; No.
ground feed. 2-3 and ID oats. SO-lb sacks
sacks extra, $19.25; No. ground feed, u corn
and y oats. T5-lb sacks, sacks extra. $40. % ;
No. ground feed, 10 and 90 oats, 75-lb
( sacks, sacks extra, $2oT5d21.25.
RYE-Receipts, 2 cars; shipments. none
Some No sold as high as 691ac, and closed
Mt 69c
I BARLEY-Good demand for mailing barley
Feed grades quoted at 34@40c; mailing
grades at 41@50c Receipts, 10 cars; shipments
Is cars.
HAY-Timothy choice. S1o.5o@11; timothy
No /, $100l10.50; timothy. No. 2, $S5O@9. so:
timothy, low grade S7@S; upland. choice. $3.50
Gl10; upland, No. /, Ss.50019; upland, No. 2.
S7.5o@s; midland, S7@7.50; slough, S5@6;
straw, wheat and oat $4M5; straw, rye, $500
@6. Receipts, 80 tons; shipments. 20 tons.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1904-04-16
CHICAGO WHEAT
CHICAGO GRAIN
LOWER CABLES AND WEATHER PROS
PECTS DEPREss THE WHEAT MARKET,

Chicago April 16.-Lower cables and the
Of wheat than had been anticipated. caused cas-
Ter sentiment In the wheat market to-day. Pre-
a9ns Of rain in sections Of
sSM @s7e. After touching s7Ae he PRICE de-
and Minneapolis to-day were 1875 cars, against
1913 last week and 100 cars year ago.
sion s market The
and there Sa was considerable selling by south
9g Of to bat
lied slightly, closing at sess @seAc, a net loss
for the day Of h@$e. -, 49,
ssHe; old s7Sas7ae; se a5ss ssne so2 So
:, Cash q sl Wheat-No: 2 hard, seaeae; No. hard
ss@97c; No. spring s5@97c.
In spite of the easier tone in wheat the corn
market ruled steady. due to small receipts and
an AND saa ea We're
Raar s It the e GGgBsnng i, at ns
grade. Long corn continued to come out tfrouot
the remainder Of the session. The demand was
rather slack, resulting in July declining to
4ek @4asc The close was at 1890. loss
Cash corn-No: 2. 52h @5se: No. 8. 50152c.
qasrngs coming priaelpelIy from tired hoiasrs
to ssAe. and sold of to s7kc. Local receipts
Close: oats-April. s7Ac: May, s7Nc; July,
. Cash Gas S oetsMso e g.; No. g. ssse
The following was the range of prices:
op Maae' .as as ss saig ssg Sept.
Closes Closes - YIN ssA assA
YYs sss sss. . .sSs orr So Joss
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1904-04-16
OTHER GRAIN MARKETS

kat Mss ae Gram April lene wheat gsa
loss Of July ,s'r ranged 1g Between ss s$se
and and s2e and closed ssc lower at 92Ac. Sep
It rst ms q snes
F a,s selling at s115M: 1t rallied and
The e nosfSsr Whsst IL No hard
No; northern, s91ke; maearoni. No. /, SIC; No.
aaa SOC Il M seys sSs ,5Iqy
81 :le; July. sl.171a;. October, si.ish;. septsm-
Der, $l.ls: oats on track, 39c: to arrive, Doc;
Cars inspected o wheat saeE 1 sse last year, IL;
ba Isl oa last 4S barley 5ss
WINNIPEG GRAIN, April 1e.-wheat was
dropped Close: Cash = No. ' northern, ssc;
Feed so sas sss &C. so Man No 4 s g.
pas Calls. 5a ssc sG ases,pta
Last years. wheat, 1874 cars; oats, 4; barley, 2;
total, 10000 bu. S,
NEW YORK GRAIN AND FLOUR, April 1e.-
Fiour-Receipts, 20, 091: sales, 1900. Barely
en- 5000 bu sales s
but soon broke under Absence Of support and fail
aIe e respond to O. the bad weather news May
1SaI G. Ryegoniet: Ny > Wasterp sac to az =
rive prompt. Corn-Reeeipts, 1915 bu; sales,
ees 800 af ST. n neaG July
tenbsr a4Ac. cornms sgf SS s July Sv sa ssp
MILWAUKEE, GRAIN AND FLOUR, April 49,
s STEADY Tea na Mhea s No RoEt
S7Ac asked. Rye, steady: No. l, 73c to 1870.
Barley, steady; No. 2, 62c; sample 4oc to 62c
er; No s. 4s@5oe; July, 4sa g4SHc bid. ~ u
Wheat--Puts. S6Ac bid; calls, SS3sc.
Corn-Pnts, 4akc asked; calls, 50@5O7sc bid.
KANSAS CITY GRAIN, April 1e.-olose
WheatmMay, s2A @s2Hc; July, 76hc; septem
Der, 721sc; cash, No. 2 hard 90@91c; No 3
Sogsfc; No. red. $1.02@1 .03; No. 3. 9s.@$1
Corn-May, 4e@4e1ac; July, 44Ac; cash. No
mixed, AIN @4sc; No. white, 4sc; No 8, Ala
411ac. oats-No. 2 white, 43c; No. mixed
ST. LOUIS GRAIN, April 16.-close: wheat
lower; longs 1iquidating; No. 2 red cash ele
gator, 96Ac; track, 9Se@$1 .03; May 9OAc; July
821ac; No. hard, 90@93c. Corn-Lower; No
cash, 4sc; track, Soc; May, 47%c; July, ATM
SatsILower; No cash, 41c; track 421ac; May
osc; July, Sic; No. white, 451a @46c.
| LIVERPOOL GRAIN, April 1e.-wheat-spot
gun: NO. l California. rs; futures, quiet: May,
6s ossd; July. 6s SD: September nominal.
I Gorn--Spot, steady; American mixed. new. As
"a; American mixed, old, As I'd; futures quiet:
May, IS 4Ad July, nominal.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1904-04-16
BANK CLEARINGs,

New York April l6-The following table
ings at the principal cities for the weak ended
April IA, with the percentage of increase and
decrease as compared with the corresponding
week last wear: = IA =
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1904-04-16

KANSAS CITY GRAIN, April 1e.-close:
M WI To-, s2A @s2Me; July, 76Me; septem-
s SEA- 7sS cash. rsd No g. hard s9@e1c NJ
Conway, 46@461sc; July, 44Ec; cash, No. g
mixed mixed AIN Case; No. white, 4sc; No. 8, 47@
44aa1ac. oats-No. white, 43c; No. 2 mixed,
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1904-04-16
THE FLOUR MARKET
INDICATIONS OF IMPRovEMENT-sIX MILL
RESUME MONDAY .-...-

The milling situation is in little better shape
to-day and 1t is certain some of the mills
will resume Monday, altho millers are as
yet not quite decided as to how many to open
up. Six will likely begin grinding again on
Monday. in any case. The market is quotably
firm. Domestic inquiry is little better. For
eign demand very slow ~
Shipments, 1854 brls.
First patents are auotable S51o@5.2O; second
patents, 500 80: first clears. $3.7013.S0; second
clears. e. hOm2.6O - = -
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1904-04-16
Totals, Canada y. .$51, $50, s5s

Paris close; Wheat, 5@25c higher, -four 5@
10c higher.
London close: Wheat, A@1sd lower
Australian shipments wheat this week, a72,-
900 blu.
Kansas state crop report, 49, In December 1t
was 30.
Chicago to Lewis-Our wheat weak on north
western weakness.
Duluth-Clear and cold, about Is above: good
heavy frost last night
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1904-04-16

BOSTON MINING STOCKS. April 1s-closing
prices In yesterdays market: Adventure, 2G1
The sun., 1904-05-22
THE STEAM TURBINE A MARVEL
OF THE LAST THREE YEARS.

Although the steam turbine in it's present t
DEVELOPMENT has been before the public
for only q very few years, the simplest
form of turbine or rotary engine ia by far
the oldest type of steam motor. About
go B. C. the philosopher Hero constructed
a small engine. which consisted Of metal
cylinder or globe hung on pivots and with
two nozzles projecting from opposite sides
of the globe and bent at right angles.
This was partly filed with water and
heat was applied below. When steam was
made, It rushed from the nozzles, and
caused the cylinder to revolve rapidly. 1t
was a mere toy, but it was the first steam
engine ever invented, and was of the rotary
type.
When Watt made the great improvements
in engines that started them into general
use, the rotary type was unnoticed. all
DEVELOPMENT being In the line Of reoipro-
eating piston engines; and for more tnan a
century the attention OF inventors and manu-
facturers was confined to that class of
engines.
Better tools and workmanship. however,
and familiarity with high speeds and re-
ouirements for their employment have led
to a revival Of the rotary form Of steam
motors, WHICH COHtadh Oil uIS SicihVhec VI
efficiency and bid fair to supersede the
engines now in general use.
The steam turbine has been referred to by
one eminent scientist as a steam top revolv-
ing at marvellous speed, and developing
power as no other steam motor does.
Every one is familiar with the cleaning
piston rod of the ordinary engine. gliding
In and out of the huge cylinder. In an
engine rated at ! 900 horsepower each pull
or push of this piston represents a thrust
OF probably $50 900 pounds, and the strength
OF framework and foundation has to be enor-
NOUS in order to sustain and control these
giant strokes.
In contrast with this, the steam turbine
contains no parts which work backward
and forward or up and down. Every work
ing part has rotary movement like that
OF a top, all are perfectly balanced, and as
steam Is admitted to all points Of the cir
cumference at the same time the pressure
il equal at all points, and the construction
OF the engine and foundations can he made
much lighter.
This is one of the great narvcls Of this
wonderful machine. Whiring around at
a speed of 2O.0OO revolutions a minute.
with a steadiness Of motion which causes
the rapidly moving parts to appear asleep.
II develops 900 or 10000 horsepower.
with one-tenth tho weight Of material and
In onc-Afteenth the spaCs required by tho