davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1904-03-24
Notice Of Foreclosure.

Whereas, John NJ Small of Rockand in the
County of Knox and State of Maine, by his
mortgage deed dated the twentieth day Of De-
cember, 900, and recorded in the waldo Regis
Try, of Deeds .'ook 252, Page 357, conveyed to
Caleb G: Moffitt deceased late of Rockland
aforesaid. and Of whose estate we. the under
signed, are administrators, parcel of real
estate situated in Belfast, county of Waldo and
state of siaine. and described as toilows
A certain lot or parcel of land with the build
ings thereon, situated in Belfast, county OF
Waldo and State of Maine, to wit: Heing the
same premises conveyed to Emma J. Russ by
Clara +. MASON and Sas ID. Mason, the four
teenth day of February A. d. 1866. and recorded
in VALID. Registry May /. 1856, Book 135, p~ge
1855; also beng same premises conveyed to said
Emma J. Russ by deed OF quitclaim by Clara E.
Mason, and being tn same premises conveyed
by Joshua Dunbar to Silas ID. Mason and the
same described III the deed of said SIas D. Ma
son, to said Clara E. Mason, Feb. Is, 1864, and
recorded in Waldo Registry of Deeds, Book 1913,
page lO4 and being the same premises conveyed
by Emma j. Russ ct al to John ". Small by their
deed dated Sept. %, 1874. recorded in Book 1859,
page &C. of said Waldo Registry, to viii h deeds
and the records thereof, reference may be had
for more particular description of the premises
hereby conveyed: and whereas the condition of
said mortgage has been broken, now therefore
by reason of the breach of the condition thereof
we, the undersigned, administrators, claim a
foreclosure of said MOI tgage.
WIN. H. GLOVER, Aau,-.
ANGIE ". MOFFITT, A""i''
ROckland, March II, 1904.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1904-03-24
TO LET.

TWO ROOMS OVER POOR s. SONS DRUG
l Store. suitable for a lawyer, DOCTOR dress
maker, etc. Modern conveniences. Possession
given April 1st CO. POOR.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1904-03-24
CASTORIA
For Infants and Children.
The Kind You Have Always Bought
a sssss 's: Of &@Azzx
kodol Dyspepsia Cure
Digosts what you cat.

The Kelley Institute in Portland, Maine,
u Munjoy Hill, is successfully curing
'HSdrds and drug users. 1yr25*
=, hurdock Blood Bitters gives man q
year head, an active brain, a strong, vigor.
ggd is body-makes him fit for the battle Of
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1904-03-24

sfIsssss s Early Rtsel:o
Tho famous little p5o1os
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1904-03-24

QEf10 cannot forthwith produce the original letters and
| VVVVU uneness. E. Pnkham Medicine
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1904-03-24

incorporated in 1862
ANU NJ Al hish' Accident. ...... 81 270.S43
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1904-05-07
WOMAN CAPTURES THIEF.
chases Miscreant, Laden With Jewslryi
y Into Street at Point Of Revolver

chases Miscreant, Laden With Jewelry,
;" Into Street at Point Of Revolver
New York, May GA courageous
woman with revolver has brought
about the capture Of a thief in the
Bronx upon whose person jewelry was
found valued at $4,000, together with
stolen promisory notes for $4,000. The
heroine was Mrs, DAILY, sister-in-law
Of a New York merchant. The latter
and his wife were absent when Mrs
DAILY visited one of the bedrooms where
her sisters child lay asleep. She was
surprised to flnd q stranger ransack-
ing the family jewel case and catching
up a pistol, chased him into the street
A dozen patrolmen Joined the chase
and under Mrs, Days lead they sur
rounded the thief In a vacant lot After
considerable parley he surrendered
under threats Of being shot to death.
Every pocket in his clothing was
filled with fine jewellery, evidently the
proceeds of several burglaries.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1904-05-07
Repetition Of Bender Crimes
Thought to Have Been Com
mitted in Vermont.
EVIDENCE POINTS TOMURDEp
Bodies OF Three Men Found on
Railroad Track Not Killed
by Train as ut First
Supposed.

Rutland. VT. May e.--Attaches a
the sherirs ONCE have unearthed evi-
dence which they believe win proys
that three men who were supposed to
have been killed BY trains on the mt
land railroad were robbed and mur-
dered in roadhouse on the outskirts
Of this city and their bodies placed on
the railroad tracks by the murderers
In some respects the case resembles
that Of the notorious Bender family.
years ago in Kansas.
Since the finding Of the body of
Joseph Murray on the railroad tracks
near the house last June the sherifrg
department has been working on :
murder theory. A note found near
the body caused them to put aside the
Idea that Murray was killed by train,
but they never made much progress
on the case until within a few days
1t is now thought certain that Murray
was killed for a few dollars and that
his murderers win shortly be placed
under arrest.
Stories Of wild orgies which have
taken place in the roadhouse and which
was followed by the disappearance of
the men who, until recently. it was
thought had left the country, are n0w
being investigated. but the police say
they win only be able to charge one
murder. that OF Murray. against the
persons they suspect.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1904-05-07
ZENON Cl1AMPOUX HANGED
FOR HIS AWFUL CRIME
Because of Her Refusal to
Marry Him.

walla Waila. May 6.--tspeciai1-z
champoux was hanged here at 5:i1
this morning for the murder OF Miss
Lottle Brace. Into whose brain he
drove a dagger because the young
woman refused to marry him, The
execution was the first under the new
law providing that all hangings shall
take place al the penltentiary.
Chamopux passed good night and
slept soundly, He seemed entirely
reconciled to the fate which his crime
hal broubht him ito, and expressed the
belief that he would Immediately go to
heaven. After a hearty breakfast he
was marched to the room In which the
scaffold had been erected, and with
firm step mounted the gallows. OF
the so persons present he seemed the
calmest and never once betrayed the
least nervousness as his hands were
strapped and other necessary prepa-
rations made. His last words were
God bless you ALL" A moment later
the trap wos sprung and Champoux'
body shot downward. The neck was
broken by the fall. paralysis was in
stantaneous. and death ensued in II
minutes The utmost effort was put
forth to save the neck OF the muir
derer. but the courts refused to grant
him a new trial. Even when the death
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1904-05-07

den birth 80 many ages ago; and 1t
may further be prophesided that the
planets and their satellites must ulti-
mately yield to the gravitational infiu-
ence OF our dying sun and must return
to the bosom of their parent. We must
conceive OF the solar system Of today,
then, as gathered into one central mass
closely aggregated around that point
which from the beginning has consti-
tuted its center OF gravity. And what
win be the stage OF this shrunken OBJ
ject? There are myrlads such in the
heavens. Sir Robert Ball has said that
to count all the bright stars that we
can see and say these are all there
are" would be like counting the red
hot horseshoes In England and saying
this is the total number" This dark
to-be will therefore be just such an
other as millions more. There will be
no life upon It. We cannot conceive
the terror Of Its cold, for the nebula
has been dissipating energy in the form
Of light and heat into the chilly depths
of intersideral space ever since the
first hour Of its longaeval shrinkage.
What is the destiny Of this dead sun
among whose constituent atoms, re-
member, will be those in teh printers
ink before your eyes and those in the
eyes themselves3 Are they forever
'stabel in desoluation," as Stevenson
has ito be borne onward through In
finite space9 No; this shriveled globe
the common tomb of sun and earth
and Mars and of the bodies Of the great
that once breathed thereon. may live
again. Give 1t but the consuming em-
brace Of such another voyage and In 3
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1904-05-07

Fresh and Bright and full Of news from far
and near are the pages Of THE MORNING AsTORAN It's snum-
ber Of readers is rapidly increasing and acknowledged be the
best newspaper Astoria had Do you ADVERTISE in W
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1904-05-07
zENoN cHAMPouR CRIME.
Murdered Miss Brace Because She
Refused to Marry Him.

Murdered Miss Brace Because She
Refused to Marry Him.
Seattle, May 6.-The crime for which
James or Zenon Champoux was exc
cuted at the Walla walla penitentiary
this morning was the murder, on Oc-
tober 5, 1903, Of Miss Lottie Brace, a
concert hall singer with whom the
murderer was In love. With the blade
of knife the French Canadian
stabbed the girl in the head. driving
the knife with such force that sur
gical operation was necessary for its
removal The girl lived about Il
hours after being stabbed, but never
regained consciousness.
Champoux fell in love with Miss
Brace In the Klondike. where he was
employed by her father. She feared
him because of threats to kill her and
did not encourage his suit. At Seat
tie variety theater ne met her one
night, and stabbed her TO death.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1904-05-07

! warrant was issued the murderer's.
attorneys sought to prevent the exc
cution. on the allegation OF irregular
ity because the warrant was addressed
to the superintendent Of the peniten-
tiary." when there is no such official
designated In the law.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1904-05-07

moment new nebula will be born
The force Of their impact will suffice
to evaporate their substance into an
other cloud. which will repeat the his
tory OF the old. The path Of the two
dead suns win determine the posi-
ton Of the principal plane" which will
form the ground plan Of the new sys-
tem.-C. w. saleeby. In Harper's Mag
azine for May.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1904-05-07
Fails to His Death.

Chicago. May s.--From a ladder i5o
feet up the side OF temporary tower
at steger. H.. Michael Trutclus has
fallen to instant death. Fifty fellow
workmen in a piano factory Witnessed
the plunge. His neck was broken.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1904-05-07
Judge Of District Court 0bdurats
In Stand Taken Against
the Strikers.
N0NUNIoNlSTs INCOMPETENT
Company Makes Effort to Rein
state Machinlsts But Fail
Employees Discharged aud
Jailed as Migrants.

Albuqurque. N NJ, May s.--In the
district court, Judge Baker has refused
10 modify the injunction against the
striking Santa Fe machInists. Attor-
neys for the strikers sought TO have
the clause forblsding the strikers talk
ting TO non-unlop men stricken out
The court held that the granting Of this
request might lead TO the intimidation
pof new men ana also 20 their being
driven from tho service OF the road
against their win. The court held that
the injunction injured no law-ablding
citizen and, therefore, continued Il In
force until June 1.
A referee was appointed 70 take testi-
money on the merits OF the case 10 be
used at the final hearing During the
course q the proceedings. the com
panys attorney introduced afiidayits
charging that the strikers had attempt
ed to disable locomotives by placing
emery dust in the driving journals
Thcy also charged that one engine was
rendered useless by placing heavy
bar OF Iron In the running gear. At
torncys for the strikers asked for a
continuance to enable them TO intro
duce afIidavita refuting these charges
This the court denied. Efforts have
been made by the shop officials 10 i'm
duce some OF the more expert among
the striking workmen TO return TO work
on the same terms as before the trouble
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1904-05-07
A THOUGHTFUL MAN.

NJ. M. Austin. Of Winchester, Ind.
knew what to do in the hour OF need.
His wife had such an unusual case Of
stomach and liver trouble. physicians
could not help her. He thought Of and
tried DR.. Kings New Life Pills and
she got relief at once and was finally
cured. Only 25c at Charles Rogers
drug store.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1904-05-07

occurred. so far as can be learned
these offers have been declined. Sew
erai OF the new men have been dis
chargd and three OF them who we're
pennilcss. were taken into custody by
the police as vagrants.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1904-05-07

Terrible plaques, those itching, pest
ering diseases Of the skin. Put an end
to misery. DOan's Ointment cures At
any drag store.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1904-05-07

The alterations now occurring In the
distribution in the solar system have
led Professor George Darwin to pre-
dict that the moon will ultimately re-
turn to the earth. which gave her sud
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1904-05-07
Notice.

To the citizens Of Astoria. The
Grand Lodge of /. O. o. F. for Ore
gon will meet in Astoria on May IT,
There will be about 600 persons to
accommodate Anyone having a spare
bed or beds win please notify Jas. w
WEIGH, s54 Commercial street, with
name. number OF house, beds and
street.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20
COMR AIDES.

Don't miss seeing the elaborate
productionDof Comrades" Fri
day night at the Opera House,
by the Custer Dramatic Stock
! Company. A beautiful musical
comedy drama in which this
popular home company never
shown to better advantage. See
the meeting of the old comrades,
the remuneration and the thrill
ing final. Full of startling cli-
makes, funny lines, pathetic
situations and pretty music.
The company this month includes
such we'll known names as Dean
Holcomb, Ross Pickett, Elton
Palmer, Harry Iszard, Miss Edith
Stevens, Miss Lincola Groat and
Mrs. Harry Iszard.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20
Republican Speaking.

The following dates have beer
arranged for republican speaking
in Custer County:
Sargent, Monday, Oct. "a, 500 p. III.
Comstock, Tuesday, Oct. rs, ago p. m
Westerville, Tuesday, Oct. rs, 500 p. IN
Galloway Wednesday, Oct 26, 2:3o p. m
BY Hon. w. II. Thompson OF
Central City.
Me.na, Thursday, Oct. II, 500 p. III.
Ansley, Friday, Oct 2s, 500 p. M.
BY Hon. Frank Beeman OF
Kearney.
Broken Bow, Friday, Oct. IS, 2:3o p.
IN. and 500 p. M. at Court House.
AT all these meetings Senator
Fries, Hon. A. H. Copsey, w.
V. Mathews and A. Il. Humph-
rey will be present where dates
do not conflict.
The state officers will be at
Broken Bow on the 2Sth.
Those living in the vicinity
convenient to these several points
are urged to attend these meet
ings and hear the political issues
ably discussed.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20

Jess Candy left at this Office
Monday a sample of his thorough
bred corn, from seed secured from
Minnesota last spring. 1t is a
yellow dent variety and has deep
grains and small cob. The grain
is said to be very nutritious, con-
tanning more sugar than anyIother
dent corn. 1t ripens in ninety
daysIand is known as "Sure Crop"
He has a limited amount of it
for sale at one dollar a bushel.
See advertisement in this issue.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20
Pubic safe.

f. L. Beals, Geo. Hughes ant
Mrs. NJ. ]. Beals of Ortello Val
ley, will sell at public auction or
Tuesday, November l, 1904, one
mile north and one-half mile
west of Ortello Church, the fol.
lowing property:
20 head of cattle, consisting of
% cows,
4 2-year old heifers,
8 1-year old heifers,
% calves,
l pedigreed Shorthorn bull,
l grey horse, 10 years old,
l black horse, 10 years oldI
l grey mare, 3 years old,
l grey mare, year old,
brood mare,
l Grow cultivator,
1 riding cultivator,
14-inch stirring plow,
Some household goods, etc.
There will be free lunch at
noon. J. r. Baker, auctioneer;
and ]. ]. Tooley, clerk.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20
Broken Bow District Sunday School
Convention.

The Broken Bow District
Sunday School Convention will
be held Saturday and Sunday,
November 5 and 3, 1904, at the
Methodist church. The follow
ing is the programme:
SATURDAY. EVENING.
7:3o-Praise Service led by Supt Custer
Center Sc hool.
745-Election of Officers.
SI5-Address, Prof. Steidley, Lincoln.
SUNDAY MORNING.
9:3o-Praise Service led by Supt u. B.
School, Broken Bow
9:45-Objects and Benefits of District
Conventions, Rev. p. J. Speaker,
County Sunday School Missionary.
Io:oo-Relation of District Convention to
Comfy Convention, J. II. Dean.
Io:I5-Cause of Parents Absenting Them
selves from Sunday, H. Lomax.
1o:3o-Teaching Sunday School Lesson
to Children for Benefit of Teach
ers, Miss Mamie Haines, Supt. of
Primary Department, Lincoln.
1I:oo-The Teaching Problem, Prof.
Steidley.
SUNDAY AfIEKNOON.
2:oo-Praise Service led by Supt. Presby-
terrain School. @
2:I5--How to secure the attendance of
Children at Preaching Service,
Rev. Mitchell, Epley, Chamberlain,
Teagarden, Handlers and White.
goethe Primary Standard, Miss
Mamie Hams.
3:45-Round Table, Prof Steidley.
4:I5-Adjournment.
SUNDAY EVENING.
7:3o-Praise Service, Ramah Ryerson.
7:45-Best Methods in Primary Work,
Mrs. w. 7. Bruce
8I5-Echoes from the Jerusalem Cruise
Illustrated with Costume, Miss
Haines.
1t is earnestly hoped that every
Sunday School in the district will
be represented by delegates and
the Superintendent and teachers
of every Sunday School in the
Broken Bow District.
The several schools are request
ed to elect their delegates next
Sunday so as to be able to report
their names to either the Secre-
tary or President the week fol
lowing that free entertainment
may be provided for them.
Delegates should plan to attend
every session.
ID. M. AMSBERRY, Pres.
SADIE WHITEHEAD, Sec'y.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20
eaIe. Sheppard Co.,
Department Store.


Rev. Jno. S. Cox of Wake, Ark.
writes, "For II years / suffered
from Yellow Jaundice. l con
suited a number of physicians
and tried all sorts of medicines,
but got no relief. Then l began
the use of Electric Bitters and
feel that / am now cured of a
disease that had me in its grasp
for twelve years" If you want
a reliable medicine for Liver and
Kidney trouble, stomach disorder
or general debility, get Electric
Bitters. It's guaranteed by Lee
Bros. Only SOC.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20
A#. Az
Yours truly.

The above smle of letter written by Vce-pres
dental Candidate the popu ticket his friend Davidson
the question of fusion.
In Custer county the pops attended the primaries Col.
bbes and when they convention
ucted their delegates the conventions against
but in the state convention fusion effected contrary nsuc
lions and the representative convention favor
fusion The indications leaders will
acton of the convention which put straight ticket force
fusion with democrats
Berge be populist Tbbes suggests but
accepted the nomination fusion ticket would
all interests should he be making his
pontmen and in all his official Hence he places himself in
line with the oCe-seeker" that is willing prnci-
pies for sake of Office and himself unworthy the support
the true popuists of Custer county.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20
cures Winter Cough.

J. +. Cover, 1O1 N. Main ST.,
Ottawa, Kan, writes: Every
fall it has been my wife's trouble
to catch a severe cold, and there
fore to cough all winter long.
Last fall / got for her a bottle
of Horehouud Syrup. She used
it and has been able to sleep
soundly all night long. When
ever the cough troubles her, two
or three doses stops the cough
and she is able to be up and we'll. "
25c, soc, S1.00. Sold by Ed.
McComas, Broken Bow and
Merna.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20
Special Sale on Hats and Caps,
Gloves and Mittens.

On SATURDAY, OCTOBER 20,
1904, we will give our patrons
the benefit of extra ordinary low
prices on Hats and Caps, Gloves
and Mittens. These goods were
bought at extremely low prices
and our trade shall have the
benefit of buying them at the
cost to other dealers. Remember
the date of special sale. See
large add in this issue.
PeaIe- Sheppard Co.,
Department Store.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20
SIXTEENTH YEAR.
1be Nebraska Independent
LINCOLN. NEBRASKA.

0 Lincoln Ne 1904,
your
fusion l
silly thing attempted politics than
o
county working
do not.
conventions the hands of the furnish
expect
poll national
which fusion ticket,
ticket
possible
ported
a great
supports
build third
Ge0Iute Independent
Persu overwhelmed tn Ny from
eR' S asY P9p he sd o9a pIt
do Of detail work in the thank
you can get SUCH men they in the ontrol OF the peoples party
things
hsnS In tat asy We %il put an pTtSs the GA principles
N 9 Z//
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20

Walter Il. Henne of Spring
field, Illinois, stopped off here
Sunday night, on his way to
Washington, to spend a day with
his sister, Miss Lille, one of the
teachers in the Broken Bow
Schools. Mr.. Henne informs us
that he has sold his interests in
Illinois and is on his way to
Washington to locate, where he
has real estate interests.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20
Special Offer Of Journal Extended.

The special offer of the Custer
County Republican and State
Journal for one year is extended
to November LIST. Parties who
have not yet availed themselves
of the opportunity of getting
both these papers for the price
of one should call and renew be-
fore that date.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20

Fine bunch of Whiteface and
Shorthorn steers for sale. Are
dehorned and in elegant condi-
ton. Time to right parties
wanting to feed.
/. A. RENEAU,
14tf Broken Bow, Nebr.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20

Drs. Davis and Farnsworth of
Grand Island, Nebraska, are pre-
pared to treat all forms of chronic
diseases, such as rheumatism,
stomach disorders, tumors, cam
GERS, paralysis, kidney diseases,
etc. The doctors use besides
medicine and surgery, the X-Ray,
hot-air baths, electricity and
massage. 2tf
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20

When in town see DR.. Bass,
the dentist about your teeth.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20

H. p. Roberts of Galloway,
called Monday and ordered the
REPUBLICAN sent to his address.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20

For SALE-Towl lots and a
few five acre lots in this city.
Allen Reyner.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20
Fresh oysters, candy, cigars and
tobacco at Scanlon & Woodruff's.
Farm for sale.

155 acres, OF miles south east
of Broken Bow, 3 miles north
west of Berwyn; IS acres in culti-
walton, 20 acres in pasture (fenc-
ed), we'll and wind mill, sod
house, 4 rooms; sod stable, frame
granary, over 1000 Box Elder
trees, B. & M. track in sight for
3 miles. Price and terms given
on application. Will give pos
session this fall. ]. KAY,
lift Broken Bow, Neb.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20

Pure bred Poland China hogs
for sale by A. Pool, Broken Bow,
Nebraska. l9tf
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20

Bring your chickens to p. J.
Simonson and get the highest
market price. 10 If
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20

DR.. Leach, Dentist. Tel. 25S.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1904-10-20
ss.,&xHg,
BUSINESS POINTERS. 4
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES

J. G. Moore, abstracting. z