davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1904-08-08

springs. AT this point the Scenic
driveway commences.
This driveway is being construct.
ed by convict labor, and when com
pleted viii connect the cities of Las
Vegas and Santa Fe. 1t is a marvel.
taering and
struction, scaling the very tops OF the
mountains at a maximum grade of
four per cent, Horses and automo-
biles can be driven at top speed every
inch of the way with perfect safety.
Several miles are already completed,
and arrangements have been made to
drive visitors over the completed part.
The Albuquerque base ball club,
band, trotting horses, etc, will be on
hand, and this is certainly a great
opportunity 10 spend a cool day in
the mountains, visit our sister city,
and see lots Of good sport al a very
small expense.
The committee reports great success
in the sale Of tickets and though the
crowd will undoubtedly be large,
Agent Myers assures us that plenty of
cars will be provided so that every
one will have a comfortable seat.
Tickets are on sale at the depot and
several business houses.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1904-08-08
Notice For publication.

Homestead Entry No. $3.50.
Department Of the Interior. Land OF.
flee at Santa Fe. N. M, July ~.
1904.
Notice Is hereby given that the fol.
lowing named settler has filed notice
of his intention TO make final proof in
support Of his claim, and that said
proof viii be made before probate
clerk Of San Miguel county. at Las We
gas. N, NJ, on September 9. 1904; viz.
Jesus Lopez for the NV IA. section
le, township II M. range Is n.
He names the following witnesses
to prove his continuous residence up
on and cultivation OF said land. VIZ:
Hilarlo Lopez, OF Sena, N. NJ.
Patrocinio raco. Of Sena, N. M.
Atilano Quintana. Of Sena, N, NJ.
Fermin Romero, OF Sena, N. M.
MANUEL Il. OTERo. Register.
7.11S
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1904-08-08
(Homesready Entry No. $685.
NOTICE FOR PUBLICATION.

Department Of the Interior,
Land Office at Santa Fe. N. NJ.
July II. 1904
Notice is hereby given that I
following-named settler has filed
tice OF his intention to make I 81
proof in support Of his claim, and "a
said proof will be made before the
register or receiver at Santa Fe. N.
M, on Aug. "a, 1904. viz:
PATRoCINIo PAco
for the Lots Z, 8, 3. sW IA Sc "a,
Me- IA sw IA, Sec. I. T. II, N. R.
II E.
He names the following Witnesses to
prove his continuous residence upon
and cultivation OF said land. VIZ:
Atilano Quintana Of Sena, N. M:
Hilario Lopez OF Sena, N. NJ: Cruz
Gallegos Of sena. N. NJ; Fermip Ro-
nero OF sena, N. M.
MANUEL r. OTERO,
|7.64 Register.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1904-08-08
For Stock Raisers

and farmers-a Journal that will
acquaint you with conditions and op.
p~ortunities In the great hustling, bust
ling southwest. "The Earth"--month-
~. Illustrated. So cents per year.
Sample copy mailed on request. You'll
want II when you see II. Address.
Tho Earth. Ills Railway Exchange.
Chicago. So
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1904-08-08
WORLDS FaIr Pamphlet Free.

a handsome Illustrated Worlds Fair
pamphlet containing d three-color map
OF ST. Louis and the Fair Grounds and
halftone views OF the principal build
lngs. A copy free upon request. r.
P. Hitchcock. @. p. A, Denver. Colo.
Job work at rtck.bottom prices, CON.
suit your own interests and The OD-
tic ONCE at the same time,
When In need Of up-trdate, stylish
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1904-08-08
Map Of City Of Las VEGAS.

Every business house ought to have
a map of the city. Fine colorei
map. enamel finish, canvas mounted.
for sale at Optic office. each One Dob
lar. (s1.0o).
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1904-08-08

A new. attractive. interesting farm
Journal. THE Earth" Devoted to the
great southwest. It's Industries. climate
and opportunities. Write for sample
copy. One years subscription. Is
cents. issued monthly; profusely illus.
tra.ed Address THE EARTH, 11lol
Railway Exchange Chicago.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1904-08-08

{ Foley's Honey and Tar affords i'm.
mediate relief to asthma sufferers in
the worst stage and II taken In time
will effect a cure. For sale by the
Depot Drug Store.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1904-08-08

Gehring is solo agent for the Ideal
and Sampson steel windmills and there
are none better. 6-li
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
FRANCOIS AlRsHlP.
An Accident Brought the Tss, Flight
to a Termination.

st. Louis. Nov. l5.-An accident
brought the test flight OF the Francois
alrship to an abrupt termination Mon
day, after the flying machine had been
in the air 10 minutes. during which its
dirigibility was not satisfactorily dem
onstrated. owing. the inventor said. to
the absence Of the rudder.
The ascension was made at the end
Of rope and il was announced that
the principle object Of the flight was
to test the balance Of the carriage and
to ascertain whether the alrship could
be guided by means Of the fans. or
propeliers. without the use Of the rud.
der.
The car. which weighs 800 pounds.
and has accommodations for four per.
sons. is driven by fans reyolved by n
2s horsepower motor An immense
gas bag. $50 feet long. IS feet wide
at the center and tapering TO blunt
ends. with capacity Of $4,000 cubic
feet of hydrogen gas in the lifting
power It is said to be capable Of car
rying 1000 pounds.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
FEDERATION or LABOR.
Unions Asked to &c Careful Relative
to Placing Firms on Unfair List.

San Francisco Nov le.-At tie ses-
sion Of the American Federation OF
Labor Tuesday the central labor body
of New Orleans was censured by the
executive council.
That organization boYcotted union
labor paper Of the city because OF an
expression OF opinion on the paN OF
the editor. This was styled by the
council as a violation of free press
and a fundamental principle OF union
ism, and the New Orleans body was
given 80 days in which TO remove the
boycott or the alternative Of having
its charter revoked.
Unions everywhere were cautioned
to be more conservative In their &C
lions relative to placing firms on the
unfair list. II was recommended that
such cases be referred to the fedora
tlon. which would then thoroughly In
yestigate the boycott
The situation in Colorado was re-
ferred to as shocking" and deter
llllndllon NhS seApiSooou " 49, NS
Western Federation OF Miners. both
morally and financially. in the efforts
to have the matter brought before the
highest court in the land for nnal ad-
Indication. The report concluded by
urging all union men to work persist
emily to the end that an antiinjunc-
ton bill, elght-hour law and measures
TO regulate convict labor and enforce
Chinese exclusion might be passed oy
congress.
One OF the principal contentions re-
ferred TO by the committee was that
existing between the brewery WORK
ers and the international Associatsoo
of Ffremen and Engineers which the
council recommended De submitted 10
a special committee to be composed
of two members from each union IN
/ vOlved and ike NUMBER OF repre-
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
MOTHERS PRAISE 1T.

Mothers everywhere praise oneAiin-
ute Cough Cure for the sutferings 1t
has relieved and the lives OF their
little ones 1t has saved, \ certain
cure for coughs. Group and whoopIns
cough. A. L. spafford, postmaster. OF
Chester, Mich. says: Our little girl
was unconscious from strangulatlon
bduring sudden and terrible attack
of Group. One Minute Cough Cure
quickly relieved and cured her and !
cannot praise 1t too highly" One
Minute Cough Cure relieves coughs
makes breathing easy. cuts out ph
phlegm. draws out inflammation, and
removes every cause of cold and
strain on lungs. Sold by Louisa DRUG
Comp my.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18

Green Rice. of Denver, Johnson
county. who was thrown from horse
about two weeks ago, died from the
injuries sustained on that day. He
vas "a nephew of Judge fl. B. Rice,
and well and favorably known through
ont the county. He leaves wife and
children, who have the sympathy of
all. Ashland Independent.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18

Nasal Catarrh quickly Yields to
treatment by Ely's Cream Balm.
which is agreeably aromatic. II is re
celyed through the nostrils, c.eanes
and heals the whole surface over
which Il diffnses itself. A remedy for
nasal catarrh which is drying or ex-
citing to the diseased membrane
should not be used. Cream Balm ia
recognized as specific. Price 30
cents at druggists or by mail. A
cold In the head Immediately dlsap-
pears when Cream Balm Is used Ely
Brothers. &c Warren St, New York
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18

l.. e. Johnson, president of the Nor
folk and Western railroad, is still
Democrat despite the Republican
landslide. To show. that he is still
,mong the "Unterrified" MIR. John
son, upon his arrival at the Hotel
Walton yesterday, registered as fol-
lows;
a.. E. johnson. Democrat, Roam
oke, Va"
I'm not ashamed Of recording my
self a Democrat even in Philadel-
phia,' declared Mr.. johnson, "and |
wasn't so much surprised at the vote
in New York State, but am amazed
at the way the remainder Of the
country went, and guess it's time
for the few Democrats left to de-
clare themselves. philadelphia En-
quirer.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
A nuoe Pumpkin pie.

Waverly, N Y. Nov l5.-A pump
kin pie five feet long and thee feet
wide was presented Monday to Sena-
tor Plat by republican friends in Wa
verify. The pie weighs 200 pounds and
is to be served at buckwheat break
fast.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
THE REST LINIMENT.

"Chamberlains Pain Balm is con-
sidered the Lest llniment on the mar
ket," write Post & Bliss. of Georgia,
VT. No other liniment will heal a
cut or bruise so promptly. No ether
affords such puick relief from rheu-
matte pains. No other is so valuable
for deep seated pains like lame back
and pains in the chest. Give this
llnlment trial and you will necer
wish to lie without it. Sold by A.
NJ. Hughes.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
oBIruARY.

NIT !. - OBITUARY..
Stone H'p' E 2Cth OF ocroAer the death
visit WIN rsr sled WebbvllIe and took away
Col Jay htts old pIonaers ~ The NM
transacted viz: Uncle John Pennington
MISS Milnas seyenty-eieht years Of age,
YESTERDAY Inverted to the religion of Je-
Cnas. svhrt forty-ffFe years ago. join
are yisitbe United Baptis,s church ana live
MI antn:istcnt christian life till the
Catle'snu said 1T is enough come home
or hignt hat rest reserved in Heaven for
Johh S''r-fie was deacon of the Sui
spent ipSrfing church thirty years and
coha"Sis fisied his seat in the church
W. iAu ale. Was strong stake in
Lizzie sulphur Spring church. His funer
day wins preached in the church house
= w Ahhyllleo tie slst day of octo-
oefapner' sElder J. S. Thompson after
vote yestetele order Of X. G. E. took the
Dr. Ma'Crn hand and carried it to its
the 81 4" ling pl2ce. and deposited Il
MI. E'irei will sleep till the trump Of
mouth 70 sound to wake the dead
Mrs 81 G. a. performed their ser
spent sunAt honor to themselves and to
atiyes. ~. ! would say to Aunt Ag.
Jas and the children To be faithful
here 1.-THE end and we will meet hin,
burg Are there will be no mere sickness
A. Adealb. God bless the children.
Grocer ~. S. Thompson.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
plsmlssed from ,he Service.

Washington, Nov. 16. - John b.
Brownlow. OF Tennessee, a clerk in
the post office department, who acted
as distribution officer of the depart
ment at the St. Louis exposition, was
dismissed from the service Tuesday by
order OF the president Brownlow
was charged with impertinence and
INSTRUMENTATION.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
FROM SOUTH AFRICA.
NEW WAY OF USING CHAMBER
LAINS COUGH REMEDY.

NEW W Al Of uoilNu NiiAMbEil-
LAINS COUGH REMEDY.
Mr.. Arthur Chapman writing from
Durham, South Africa says; AS a
proof that Chamberlains Cough Rem
edy is cure suitable for young and
old. pen you the followingi A
nelghbor Of mine had a child just
two months old. It had very bad
cough and the parents did not know
what to do with It. ! suggested that
II they would get bottle Of Cham
berlains Cough Remedy and put some
upon the dummy toat the baby was
sucking II would no doubt cure the
child. This they did and brought
about quick relief and cured the
baby" This remedy In for sale by
A. NJ. Hughes.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
New MlnIste. of War,

Paris. Nov, 16.-Gen, Andre resigned
the portfolio OF minister Of war and
Henry Berteaux. member OF tho
chamber OF deputies. and successful
broker on the bourse. was nominated
as his successor.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
The Emperor's Representatives.

Washington, Nov. ls.-Lieut. Gen.
Won Lowenfeld and Mai Won Schmee-
tow. the personal representatives Of
Emperor William at the unwilling Of
the statue OF Frederick the Great next
Saturday, arrived in Washington Tues
day night
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
Farewell Reception to eooth-Tucker.

New York, Nov. 16,-A farewell re-
ceptlon to Commander Booth-Tucker.
of the Salvation army. was rendered
here Tuesday night at the Grand Cen
trail Palace, by the officers and pri
Yates OF the army. The great hall was
crowded
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
PHYSICIANS PREsCRlBE IT

Many broad minded physicians pre-
scribe Foleys Honey and Tar, as
they have never found so reliable
4 remedy for throat and lung troub-
les as this great medicine.
Louisa Drug &C
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
win Take Official Canvass to Settle Il.

Will Take Official Canvass to Settle II.
Reno, New. Nov, lG-The result Of
the election for congressman In this
state is still In doubt, Both the re-
publican and democratic committees
claim a victory by about 40 votes II
will take the official canvass to decide.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
DoNITHoN

School is stlll going on at this place
with Lutte vlnson as teacher.
The saw mill is still running at this
place.
A very large crowd attended Sun
day School at this place Sunday,
enjoyed reading the letter from
Gallup last week Bounce.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
Wisdom in
Family Life.

The Mutual Life Insuraucc Com.
pany of New York is constantly
demonstrating its ability and ex'
perience i'll advising business men
concerning money matters in the
home. For instance,
The late " h'lf waerh use, ofPhlaeiFha 80 dire
taitrul ia.t fit. irii o. asnting 10 % 900 ~ lhs
Natal lie sntaat Il Nee Nqrk i Hittns -
a<ranse ahrf nih tse~e Ii ieH ~efe t~srl -ttes y
e.e that his wnfa 49, terist a 90 ~ srd
the eal 4 that Fs. vii ieses 20 ool 50 ,saA
lA the trial rsse snet these llre lfe 90 "a
n n pfeu'iaals iaiih NJ wath1se ainoSas 10 ealI
JFSom rae RilaS1,shia Rlssys, Noe. q, lpoa.l
In writing for terms on similar
policies, state what YOU would
like to receive III cash at the end OF
limited payment period, amount
YOU would like your beneficiary to
receive in event of your death,
and give your age.
rHR MUTUAL LIrR INSURANCE.
COMPANY OF NEW YORK
RICHARD A. MccuRpy, President
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18

Two secondhand show cases for
sale at Conley's store. one S-feet and
the other 0-foe IN length.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
C'9VePbS

vhlt
fashion the butter won't
sumpput a penny in the
nork 'is an old time dairy
consumpit otter seems to
years ago. no one has ever
Salt pc !
can stomthers are worried
behind it children DO not
food the and flesh We
most. oeo''s ''u
Scott'sEl
err, .methosis penny in the
s.aas,,,,,it works and
ny is something
Sing aDOut it.
05tt's Emulsion is simply
Fix of pure cod liver oil
Z some hypophosphites
tally prepared for delicate
vachs.
Wldren take to it naturally
o,se they like the taste
= ',e remedy takes just as
Fly to the children be-
sQ is SO perfectly adapted
T'r wants.
~ all weak and pale and
- children SCOTS Emulsion
!, : !. most satisfactory treat
he c0ueI-7 We will send yon
lsk anTAI Tire penny, l. G., =
,r'rH sample free.
= <1opeI % every bottle q
! ! ! ! ! =; : !: !
q. IN ,l.lA
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
A HEAVY LOAD.

To lit that lead off OF the stomach
take Kodol Dyspepsia Cure. 1t dig
ests what YOU eat Sour stomach,
belching, gas On stomach and all
disorders of the stomach that are cur
able, are instantly relieved and per-
manently cured by the use of Kodol
Dyspepsia Cure. S. p. Storrs, a drug
glst at 297 Main street, New Britain,
Conn. says; "Kodol Dyspepsia Cure
is giving such universal satisfaction
and is so surely becoming the posi-
tive relief and subsequent cure for this
distressing ailment feel that | am
always sure to satisfy and CRAFTY my
customers by recommending It to then
write this to show how well the r
remedy is spoken of here" KodlD
Dyspepsia Cure was discovered after
years Of scientific experiments and
viii positively cure all stomach trou-
blos. Sold by Louisa Drug Co
Chamberlans stomach and Liver
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
Iles,. Gessva cs.,r.I me-. Ia,, Dossd.

lesys Eess,s csstrsI me. tasi Dossd
No A-i.;sS m. daily. Norfolk GU
press Tor Roanoke. LynchburE. Rich
m0nd ann Norfolk. Pullman sleepsrs
81, Louis TO Roanoke without change
No H-f.2o m. dsily for Bluefeld.
Pocah6ntas, Roanoke, Norfolk and al
intermediates stations Pullman sleep
or 70 Norfolk Dining car 70 Roanole
N. D. MAHER, General Manager
Roanoke. Va
W. B. BEvILL, General Pa~snge,
Roanoke. Va
Allen Hull. Division Passenger Assnl
columbus Ohio
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
Bid SANDY DISTRICT.

Trains VI aud ~ arr local freight trains
and do not carry passengers
II. G. BouaHPoS. Superintendent
s J JusrIcE. Agent. Louisa. Ky.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18

No. ii,-i.So p M. daily ezoept SON.
day arrives Columbus o:so P m; arrives
Cincinnati e,4S p m. via Pcrhmouth.
Parlor Car KenovA 10 Columbus
". 1so, All, .,v,v. Col.
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
lie ,sNiT RESPECT OLD AGE

iAsus i7FN'T RESPECT OLD AGE.
Fau'A hameful when youth fails t.
' roper respect for old age, but
'usn contrary in the case Of DR.
WIS Essw>Iife Pills. They cut Off
nfluse nc matter how severe and ir.
''uas fever. constipation, all vi
'onn MS perfect pill. 25c. at A. M
Our schspta SURE
~ A'.ss YER TWIN BRANCH.
re Diamond was calling on
snSpf'A7 = Saturday
carter and Celia Hughes
Monday.
FINE affin passed up our creek
Ten choicirs was calling nj Oslo
eight mont
istsrsd p SnG medium folks of this
wsr5ns 81, a---<--s church ut Deep
sold befort
fen pairs :" p''ssu ~ Ni''
weeks olds. -
L c. ts' 40 sa"s on 's
per pair. /, ,,.a,o ns t,,,,
boar emit = !. .A7e -, a =, ~
$50 pour pssSsu .. y ''''' :" 1'"
W sard Iissie Atkins, of this
= - de a flying trip to Daniels
Some t Sunday Strawfoot
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18

No 80. $50 . m.-daily except san
day. Arrives Columbus II 30 IN Par
lor Chr Kenova 10 Columbus
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18
MADGE.

F. H. YATES, DIST. Mgr, Louis,, Ky
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18

Le11s Ae10su eel'I1I -.
No. >. daily. s:55 a m--arriyes at Col
umbus $50 m. Pullman buffet car
Roanoke 10 ST. Louis via Columbia
aud Pennsylvania lines. arrives 81 Loui'
lo;A6 D. m; arrive Clncinnau via
| Portsmouth 1000 IN. PullmanSleeO
ern 10 Cincinnati. t
The Big Sandy news. [volume] (Louisa, Ky.) 1885-1929, 1904-11-18

No ALSO p, m. daily. arrive Ccl'
umbus 1910 D. m Pnllinan aleepci
Ncrfdik b St. Louis via oulumbus and
pennsylvaniA Inca
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1904-09-02
NEW SPARK ARREsTER.

I He PROBLEM OF preventing fires
L caused by sparks from locomotives
has Zoe many years been a vexing one
10 the railroads Of the country. And
il ha- never been solved in a salts
factory manner, although hundreds OF
devices have been tried No American
inventor has yet been able 20 put out
a spark arrester that really arrests
sparks. The result has been that the
hay and straw stacks, The barns nd
other outbuildings. the homes. some
times. Of farmers have been destroyed
by fire originating from locomotive
sparks year after year.
Millions Of dollars of expense has
been caused 20 the railroad companies.
And often they have been compelled to
pay damages caused by fires Originat-
ing in some manner other than
through sparks. The ordinary Jury.
either rightly or wrongly. usually
places the burden of proof on the COM
pany and compels it to prove, if it can,
that the fire was not caused by sparks,
instead OF compelling the PLAINTIFF to
Now If all that is claimed for a
German Invention is well founded
practically all of the trouble from
sparks will be obviated as soon as the
railroads can install the new arrester.
The inventors name is Heydeman
and he seems TO have solved the prob
lem of making an arrester that does
not impede the draft through the
stack. \ description of it says:
'Heydeman's device consists OF a
series Of three CRATES set one above
another IN square iron or steel frame
Of such size and form as to 1T into
The smoke chamber. Each bar is about
two inches wide by one-tenth OF an
inch thick and is ingeniously set into
the frame as to be held in place
against any shock or pressure and at
the same time to be free to expand
OF contract with changing tempera-
lures.
The middle tier or CRATE, contains
twice as many bars as the top and
bottom tiers, and the Arrangement Of
bars and spaces is such that while a
free passage Is secured for the gases
Of combustion no spark or ember more
than O.l6 Of an inch thick can escape.
Sparks Of this size are said to be so
small that they are extlnguisbe1
after travelling few feet in the air.
The contraction and expansion Of the
device cause adhering particles to be-