Western Kansas world. [volume] (WaKeeney, Kan.) 1885-current, 1904-12-10
InocuIatine for Texas Fever.


Bulletin 80 of the South Carolina
Experiment Station says:
incubation is a process by which
northern cattle are rendered immune
to Texas fever by injecting hypo-
dermically into each about one cubic
centimeter Q5 drops) of fresh blood
drawn from immune southern cattle.
The death rate among northern cat
tie exposed to ticks in the South with
out fnoculation is from so to 80 per
cent This rate has been reduced to
f.6 per cent in 4.750 head by inocula-
ton, and it is highly probable that
hereafter the death rate among inoc-
ulated cattle will not exceed 5 per
cent.
The term northern cattle as used
IN this bulletin refers to cattle raised
north of the government quarantine
line, and always free from ticks. The
term might be applied to southern cat
tie raised south of this line if they
have never carried ticks, as they are
just as susceptible to Texas fever as
if they had been raised in the North.
If either northern or southern cat
tie raised free from ticks are to be
exposed to them they should be inoc-
ulated before exposure. If suscep-
uble cattle are never going to be ex-
posed to ticks inoculation is not neces-
sary.
Only young cattle for breeding pur-
poses should be inoculated, generally
after calves are weaned and up to
about eighteen months old. The best
time of year is in the fall and winter
from October to March.
1nOculation has a slight dwarfiing
effect by depicting the system and
ITd riracr
months, but does not produce such
bad results as Texas fever. 1t some
times causes abortion and prevents
COWS from breeding for limited time,
but does not permanently injure the
breeding powers of cattle.
1t is not practicable to inoculate
cattle in the North, and after being
shipped SouCh they should be pro-
| tected from ticks before incubation
and for at least sixty days afterward-
During the reactions the principal
| symptoms to be overcome are con-
| stipation and high fever. Do not feed
| cotton seed meal and hulls as an ex-
| elusive diet, keep bowels open with
| green feeds, roots or occasional dose
| of salts, and reduce the fever with
| quinine.
They should be exposed to gradual
ter inoculation, and it is best to put
| them out to pasture in early spring
| and keep them with native immune
| cattle. They should never be kept
| free from ticks until midsummer and
| then put into badly infested pastures
| incubation gradually loses its power
| to protect cattle against Texas fever,
| and If the animals are not exposed
| the first year after incubation they
| should be reinoculated before being
| put on infested pastures the second
lear.
This bulletin contains the records
of 38S head of cattle inoculated by the
| veterinary division of the South Caro-
| lima Experiment station. Of these z56
were northern and 132 southern
raised. One died from inoc 1lation
| and two from subsequent exposure to
ticks, making the total loss three, or a
| little over three-fourths of one per
cent.
At the time this work was begun
| there were only two or three herds of
| pure bred beef cattle in the state
| They can be found now in almost ev-
! cry county. In five years more South
| Carolina will have good supply of
! steers for her feed pens, and can pos
sibly spare a few to feeders in neigh
| boring states.
| Fruit Gluts.
Whenever there is a glut in the
fruit market it is caused by one of
| two things, an over-supply of fruit
| that is of such perishab1e nature
| that it will have to be disposed of at
| once, or sending fruit to market al
| ready over-supplied, while other mar
| kets are left with too little fruit in
| them. This latter is more often the
cause of gluts. There are fifty thou
| sand markets for fruit in the United
States, including cities and-villag
| The fruit is shipped to them hit-or-
| miss, and many of them are missed.
| The few markets that have a good