davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1904-02-27
GARMENTS OF REINDEER WOOL.
Their Buoyancy Makes Them Valuable
to Persons Learning to Swim.
From Fiber and Fabric.

from flDer anu
From their herds of reindeer the Lapland-
ers in northern Europe take the woody hair
and make from it blankets, which are re-
markable for their excellent qualities of re-
sisting moisture and cold. OF these blankets
the United States consul at Frankfort, Ger
many, has this to say:
"A close examination Of the hair of the
reindeer furnishes an explanation of its pc
culiar value. The hair does not have hol-
low space inside for its whole length but Is
divided, or partitioned off, into exceedingly
numerous cells, like watertight eompart-
ments. These are filled with condensed air
and their walls are SO elastic and at the
same time of such strong resistance that
they are not broken up either during the
process of manufacture or by swelling when
wet The cells expand in water, and thus it
happens that man clad In garments made
of reindeer wool does not sink when in
water, because he is buoyed up by means
of the air contained in the hundreds of
thousands of hair cells. In the markets and
stores of Norway. Sweden and Russia gar
be had at lower prices than other fabrics.
In Vienna there is factory which manu-
factures garments of reindeer wool espe-
cially bathing costumes For persons unable
to swim the possession of such garments is
Of great value. 1t is possible that they may
be utilized In learning how to swim Re-
Gently successful trials have been made in
Paris in this line. In England attention has
been directed to this peculiar property of
reindeer wool, and II is proposed to take I'D
its manufacture and possibly to improve it,
Evening star., 1904-02-27
AS A BATTLE GROUND
A Clear Lay Of the Land in
Korea's Hills and Valleys.
FLORIDA COMPARED
THE ROUTES BY WHICH THE TWO
ARMIES MUST MOVE.
How Bad Roads, Swollen Rivers, a
Lack Of Fuel and Transportation
Facilities Hamper Combatants.
FLORIDA COMPARED.

Written for The Evening Star by Archer Butler
Hubert. Formerly Editor of the Korean Inde-
pendent.
Korea does not present ideal battle
grounds, by any means. although it is to
be doubted If there is another spot of
ground of similar area-about that of Utah
upon which so many battles have been
fought And the situation today is much
the same as 1t has been for centuries; the
opposing forces are moving from the east
and from the west. to meet, in all prob
ability. as hundreds of armies in the past
have met. near the Korean Manchurian
border line.
To make the matter Of Korea as a battle
ground more plain, compare Florida and
Korea. The peninsulas are so much alike
except in climate. that the comparison will
be useful: especially as well-known Florida
towns and cities can be mentioned to show
the relative position of certain Korean and
Chinese towns which are variously spelled
and whose inhabitants would probably not
know what foreigners were talking about
If they tried to pronounce them.
Korea may be roughly divided into level
and mountainous country. The eastern
half Of the peninsula Is very mountainous,
and the rivers which run eastward into the
sea are small. clear streams in which trout
two rivers of consequence In eastern ko
rea (facfng Japan; these are the famous
Teumen. which is the boundary line be-
tween Korea and Siberia on the north, and
the Nak-dong in the south. The noun
tains, the nature of the rivers and the di
minutive size of the river valleys make
eastern Korea quite impossible from mil
itary standpoint. Though no rule can be
laid down, 1t may be reasonably expected
that If Korea is the scene of heavy conflict,
the campaigns will be fought on the west
ern side. The two important ports of east
ern Korea are Geusan and Fusan (near the
latter is Masampho). In loose way, st.
Augustine and Miami, Fla, have the same
relative position on our own southern pen
insula-
A Rough Country.
Western Korea is a very rough country.
but 1t is cut up by large river valleys. and
near the coast of the Yellow sea there are
many level plains. In the north is the
strategic Yalu river, the boundary of
Korea. where Russia has been massing her
Siberian regiments, preparatory to a south
ward march.
The name Yalu means dragon the river
Evening star., 1904-02-27
THE HEROINE OF LUCKNOW.
Death Of Lady Inglis, Who Kept 6
Diary During the Siege.
From the London Express.

From the London Express.
An interesting figure in English history
has passed away in the person Of Lady
Inglis. who died yesterday at her resi-
dence, II Rectory road, Beckenham, after a
short illness. Lady Julia Selma Inglis was
the second daughter of the first Lord
Chelmsford and was born in 1888. She was
the widow of the famous defender Of the
British residency at Lucknow. Sir John
Eardley Wflmot Inglis, K. C. B., who died
in 1882, and In memory of whose services in
the Indian mutiny she had been in receipt
of pension.
Lady IngliS herself went through the
siege of Lucknow. and in addition to the
terrors OF the siege and the subsequent
journey to the coast she was shipwrecked
on the voyage home to England. She after
ward published the diary she kept during
her eventful life in the besieged city, where
her husband. then Brigadier Inglis, COM
manded the garrison throughout the eighty
seven days the place was invested. She de-
scribes the entrance into the residency, on a
day when glad shouts rang through the tor
tured city, of "a short, quiet-loolking, gray
haired man, whom l knew at once was Gen.
eral Havelock. He shook hands with me
and said he feared that we had suffered a
great deal.
Il could hardly answer him 1t
was a moment of unmixed happiness but
not lasting. l felt how different my lot was
to others l tried to write home,
but could not.
''The relieving force had suffered most
severely The wounded had been
abandoned The enemy had loop
holed the houses and shot the poor fellows
down by scores as they passed through the
narrow Streets"
Once, while on the dangerous march from
Lucknow to the coast, the sudden COM
mand, ''Haltv' rang out into the night
Lady Ingls had a baby with her at this
time. and thus she writes: SILENCE was
ordered and all lights to be put out .
l shall never forget my anxiety lest baby
should commence crying again and perhaps
betray our whereabouts" Fortunately
baby did not cry. On the way to England
her ship was wrecked near the coast of
Ceylon, and hope had been almost abandon
ed when the passengers. who had been
drifting about In small boats, were picked
up by a native vessel and taken into Trim
GONZALEZ.
Evening star., 1904-02-27

comes surging down from the lowering
sides of the Ever White mountalns-whl2h
are the Never White mountains In summer
with such force that the natives believe
the spirit of dragon lives in the torrent.
The Yalu is a beautiful stream; if you ask
a Korean whether the color Is blue or
green, he will be greatly confused; they
have one word for the two eolors In their
language, perhaps because they seem mere
'ly two shades of the same color.
The Yalu is navigable for sixty miles TO
the village of Chanson; Aichiu is the iron
tier town of Korea, perched high up on the
banks of the Yalu. Throughout the centu-
ries this gray town has seen thousand pa
geants and armies: here runs the worn path
way from Korea to Mukden ana feklns.
To this town came the French missionaries
to Korea: and crawling through the drains,
they entered the town and passed on INTO
Korea In disguise. Over this road ana
through this town have passed shipWreckeo
American sailors sent from Korea to China
to find ships to carry them home. rms
road has been and now is the pathway OF
armies.
Historic Highways.
Passing southwark from the Yalu into the
broad area of western Korea, the River Tai
dong is crossed by the old highways at MS
toric Pyeng-Y Yang; here 1t was that the
Chinese and Japanese met In battle IN the
war of 1s94-1S95, and near here the Rus
slams and Japanese viii undoubtedly meet
soon or late The Japanese armies came
northward from Seoul by way OF ~hang-
IN. their encampment there reduced town
of 10000 inhabitants to one of 5,ooo. nun
dreds of houses being destroyed by the
troops to obtain fuel. As Korean houses
ara made mostly of clay and stones, only
the doors and windows could be burned
consequently 1t took many houses to iur-
nish the amount required
When the Japanese reached Pyeng-fang
theys found the enemy and finally routed
hiyn THE population of this city dropped
from ao.O00 to 5000: four-fifths of the
houses were despoiled; the home OF the ia
nous American missionary, Moffett, was
ruined "aithough his servant made written
protest the looting being sanctioned by the
nresence Of officers" But the "wojenss
ldwarfs), as the Koreans call the Japanese.
lid not abuse the Koreans themselves.
Near the cities Korea is a woedless land
the natives being now reduced to burning
grass for fuel; wood Is extremely expensive
and its carriage is almost as costly as the
wood. A winter campaign In Korea by
Russian and Japanese armies will result In
the practical destruction of scores of Ko-
rean cities OF this the world will hear
Evening star., 1904-02-27
How Styles in Shoes Are introduced.
From the Evening wisconsin

THE manufacturers Of shoes get out new
styles every season." said Lyman e. Goss.
"and try to work up big sales, but It is the
public which decides whether the styles will
be popular or not The men who set the
styles in hats and cloaks for women can be
as arbitrary as they please. The women
will follow them to any extreme; but show
man shoe that looks to him ridiculous
and he VIII not have anything to do with It.
He would rather be out of style than nm
comfortable or ridiculous. And SO the manu-
facturers are careful not to make much of
an outlay until they find out how the new
styles will go with the people. They pre-
at an expense of only Ii few dollars. The
statesmen take these out through the coun-
try, and if orders begin to come In the
manufacturers prepare to make them In
large quantities"
Evening star., 1904-02-27

From the Outlook.


The reason why the people next door are
invariably regarded as most worthy of our
javeiins is plain to me. They have a plano.
do not know of any race that Is quite 30
unpleasant as the people next door. They
are not like any ordinary people who live
elsewhere. They obtain their music on the
Of the type we most detest. Are we World
ly minded7- They chasten us obtrusiyoly
With hymns--or Mendelssehn, who is FOR
soma obscure reason regarded a. q moral
force in the suburbs. Are we OF the elect I
They huH at Us with defiant persistency
tho latest blood-curdler from the 'shails y
The thing that passes with them for a
piano is called upon to do the work Of
three. and the wall dividing our respective
houses. be II borne In mind. y 4 beautiful
conductor Of sound.
Evening star., 1904-02-27

MES average two miles an hour-and viii go
faster If urged and argued with persistent
ly.
They are not neglected by their native
owners save in one odd respect. The vast
number Of hills to be climbed make the po-
MES loads slip, and in this way the little
beasts receive gals which are frequently
revolving to foreigners; but their owners
pay absolutely no attention to these burn
ing wounds. Yet the ponies are kindly
treated and usually well fed, the forage
being two pounds of beans and millet boiled
in water and poured hot into trough with
some chopped straw (rice or miIleD in addi-
ton. The ponies are worth S25 each
In their stature and their patience. their
sodden density and their careless indiffer-
ence to everything except the next hard step
ahead, the bulls of Korea reminded me con-
dnually of the men of Korea The COM
parison is the more appropriate because of
the fact that a large part of Koreas COM
merce is done upon the shoulders of the
Korean coolies. BY means of a little rack
made to I'LL the shoulders and back, Koreans
can carry tremendous loads. Ii is a matter
of record that a Korean coolie once carried
AU-pound ingot of copper for several
days. Pianos have been carried by a single
eooiie in Seoul in instances when foreigners
were moving In bad weather q coolie
bears 100 pounds uncomplainingIy. and 80
pounds is not an extraordinary load for one
strong back over good roads; from eight to
ten miles viii be made with them a day
These hard-worked men can stand almost
any exposure; the winters in Korea are al
most as rigid as any known in the United
States; and on a day when the warmest
clothing and exercises could barely keep me
warm l have seen crowd of Korean coolies
wade out into the water at Chemulpo to
their shoulders and carry ashore casks of
dynamite for blasting out the American
railway in Korea. They wavered a moment
at the waters edge. but crack of the boss
whip sent them leaping into water with
chattering teeth.
The Vital Points.
Such VIII be some of the conditions sur
rounding military campaign in Korea; the
ancient pathway northward from Seoul,
around and over hill and plain and paddy
Held. VIII be. as ever. the main avenue In
the train of the armies viii come ponies.
mules, bulls and coolies struggling with
their loads. Japan, If she can control the
Fellow sea. can throw troops inland from
any point along the coast thus saving much
of the fatigue of attempting to draw am
munition and provision trains. She can
make use of the large rivers of Korea; and
this may be a vital point
Evening star., 1904-02-27

of them have labored as coolies on the Rus
sian forts. They do not mind the rough
work and harsh treatment usually meted
out to coolies so long as they can learn
what they want to know. But it must be
hard for Japanese nobleman, used to be-
ing treated with ceremonious respect, to
be bullied by Russian sergeant and have
to take the bullying meeky."
Evening star., 1904-02-27

high command won his promotion by Sc
cret service work. General Petrusevitch,
who made secret surveys of Transcaspia,
Afghanistan and the, Perso-Turcoman
frontier rose in that manner.
Evening star., 1904-02-27

proposition be brought officially to the at
tention of Japan through the proper diplo-
matte channels Japan would willingly enter
Into negotiations with that object in view.
Certainly" he said, some such an ar
rangement would cement the bonds of
friendship between the United States and
Japan which now are very strong
ALONZO H. STEWART.
Evening star., 1904-02-27

The Hikado's government has spent
large sums on its secret service. It IL quite
content to finance man for years until he
settles down In the way have described
and is in position to learn things. Many
thousands Of yen may be spent on him be-
fore he does anything at all. but the game
pays In the end. You may depend upon It
that some OF the men whom vieeroy Aiex-
ieff is employing at Port Arthur in the be-
Lief that they are Chinese are In reality
Japanese spies.
Many Japanese Of high military rank
ana noble birth engage IN this work. Some
Evening star., 1904-02-27

From other sources learned that Japan
had been approached with an idea of mak-
The sun., 1904-11-27
HARVARD MEN WANT BEER.
Movement 70 Have ~ served NJ tho Union
Not Likely to Succeed.

CAMBRIpoE, Mass, Nov. 20,-To have
beer or not to have it is the question now
interesting the Harvard students They
have been looking forward to the innova-
ton OF Pop concerts at the Harvard
University In the winter and spring Large
numbers OF students want beer and light
wines added to the menu at the Union.
Harvard men are now allowed to have
beer in their private rooms. They see no
objection to having it in the living room
of the Union, which is controlled 10y the
college. They say the Union is as much
club as any tf the G eek letter fraternity
chapters or stuC ent organizations
1t has leen a rule OF tie Harvard Cor
poration that there should lie no liter
terence with the students in the manage
ment OF their priv ate clul $. The cor
poration has, however, held TO the policy
that alcoholic drinks of all kinCs should
MT be served in any university builLing
used for university purposes by the stu
erts in mmon. President o oson OF the
Union said to-uay:
"The question OF serving beer or not is
yet unsettled, but | think that no Leer
will be served, Lecause the concerts take
place in the living N ON Of the Union a
university building. " hat will be allowed
anyway will be sweet cider, cookies. sand
witches, a."
The sun., 1904-11-27
hoy DIES AFTER A QUARREL.
Beating He Got from Two Other Lads
Said to Have Killed Him.

COLUMBIA, S. c., Nov. 28.-Carl Lucas.
the ten-year-old son Of Alfred Llcas, who
Il, eR two niles from CASTOR, Lexington
&C UNITY is dead as the result, it is charged,
of Icing attacked by two young sons Of
George w. Sighller The boys arc all
white.
The difficulty occurred at the rost offo e
at CASTOR last Monday aft ernoon, hen, il is
aid yo n; L, cas- was se crely bea, en- by
the Sc n Ter boys. ii was fo nd hat he was
br ised from ic on the side Of his head,
internal inb RES. He went 10 ~ hool on
tuesday ard Wedresday as US, al When
he can home on Wednesday aft ernoon he
conn lained Of feeling i'll. lie died yea
erday af ernoon. The boys are all about
the same are
The sun., 1904-11-27
VIDOW AT SAMPLES FUNERAL.
Result a. Cornpromise-Funeral ~ Hs8s
Of Broth as.tl.LlN.

The funeral services owe, tine remains
Of Charles W. Sample, the .iy goods mrr-
chant OF Brooklyn, who died at tho home
Of his brother in law, Albert J. Douglass
OF sl2 Avenue F, Flatbush, and over whose
body legal f ght for possession was wssed
in the courts for two days. were held yes
terdav. The widow. who had lived apart
from her husband for year and who had
tried to obtain possession OF the body.
was at the funeral and occupied the pla oe
Of chief mourner. This was the result oi
a compromise, the funeral services being
held at the Dougl ass home, but with the
widow in attendance.
The dead merchant is sa Id TO have left
large sum OF money in bank and real e.
tate OF considerable value, beeides the
dry goods business ct 1893 mith street,
which is valued at about 81 600.
The sun., 1904-11-27
Jacob sn'ils Man Appointed.

AMSTERDAM, N. Y, Nov. 26.-F some
days there has been hot contest for the
arpointm, mt Of Assistant District Att rne y
# Montgomery county, the asr irants
b, ing Walt ]. Hovr # this dty ard
Fox Sponable of F. rt Plain, law partner
Of ex-Jl dge Jo hn d. VI nd II. Mr. Spon-
able had the acl ing e Jacob Sn,ll. the
,hairman of the county CrEani: atir n while
Mr. Hove had retititn n herring the sigma
II res q many influential X, I.ul lioans e
Aust rdam. This aftt rncon - trict At
trrney- l,ct Jt I'm s. Maxwell ontC d
Mr., Sponatle as his assistant his term Of
office to begin n jan. |.
The Montgomery tribune. (Montgomery City, Mo.) 1892-1910, 1904-02-26
AND OPINION.

g. Tolstol talked freely to Bryan; and
now II ho takes the American papers h."
has learned that Bryan marketed the In
tcryicw at fancy prices. Tho Russian
sage thought he was talking 10 n states
man. not q reporter indianapolis Jour
nal.
G I'm ono respect Bryan has n biz nd
vantage over his democratic opponents
A. Mr. Cleveland says. he has the stage.
Aud while be- has n he Is talking all the
while. And while his talk gets very
wcar.Fumo 10 many ears there h 10 de-
nying that be still has followers who
delight Ia listen to his sllvory oratnry
There Isn't another man In the party
who can 50 tickle the ears of the ground
lings, and the %groundlings are what Bry-
an is after. They twice nominated him
for presidont-Troy Times.
tyNcverthelcss and Notwithstanding
II still remains true that reciprocity In
competitive products. with Canada or
any other country. is simply n species Of
free trade. That " what II amounts to
in practice. and the democratic leaders.
1OtfNfflHE lhlE, VIII NuEf AH'lI 'ufl-
palgn to that end this year under the
reciprocity gulse. Anyone who advo-
Gates or countenances such an attack on
protectlon-all the more dangerous be-
cause covert and insldlous-wlll give aid
and comfort 10 the political enemy
Hannibal Courler-Post.
r1These are difficult days for Senator
German, nominal leader Of his party In
the senate. lie has been Inundated By
the refusal Of his party colleagues to fol-
low him In his opposition to the Panama
treaty; his presidential candidacy IL
pale and languishing, finding neither
honor with the old school democrats,
who remember his e~mascuiation Of the
| Wilson tariff bin, mol with the new
school democrats, who remember hls in
activity when MIR. Bryan was looking
for votes; and now completing the
trilogy Of his woe. his Maryland, the
state he was rcputcd 10 carry IN his vest
pocket, has selected for the senate Isldor
! Ravner,-N. Y. Globe.
The Montgomery tribune. (Montgomery City, Mo.) 1892-1910, 1904-02-26

The Courier-Journal would not i'm.
peach Mr.. Bryan's integrity; though
the Bennett business IL n sore strain
upon It's confidence and respect. Mr..
Blaine was charged with nothing
worse: and assuredly Mr.. Blaine was
In many ways much abused. Mr..
Bryan may be a perfectly high mind.
ed, disintercsted man. but the spec
tacle OF a party leader struggling
with u widow for the larger part Of
her husbands estatc-the will and
all it's %appendant documents prepared
~ himself In his own house more
than a thousand miles away from
the testatOr's home-he no blood
an unsavory spectacle. with II be.
fore us-and along with II the fact
that eight years ago Mr.. Bryan was
obscure and poor and that he is now
rich and famous-we must decline to
accept the characterization OF the
Lexington Gazette, HIS newspaper or,
gan In Kentucky, that he Is "the
greatest general, the loftiest states
man and the purest patriot who has
adorned American politics since tho
formation OF the government" Yet,
on no other hypothesis can any man
Justify his support OF Mr., Bryan un-
der existing conditions, 80 Louisville
Courier.Journal tDemO.