The Bourbon news., 1904-12-09

Naval Force as Guarantee of Pence
and Asks for Revision of Immf-
grafton Laws.
Washington, Dec 5. President
Roosevelt's annual message to con-
gress makes some $4,000 words. In ac-
eordance with established custom con-
siderable space is devoted to a re-
sumo Of the year in the administrative
departments of the government, but
much of the message is given up to a
discussion of those subjects which are
considered Of vital interest to the ma
ton, and upon many Of which he
deems legislation needed. 1t is this
portion of the message which we give
below.
To the Senate and House Of Representa-
tives: The nation continues to enjoy note
worthy prosperity. Such prosperity is of
course primarily due to the high indiyid-
uai average OF our citizenship, taken to-
getner with our great natural resources:
/, but an important factor therein is the
4 working of our long-continued govern
mental policies. The people have en-
phatically expressed their approval OF
the principles underlying these policies,
principles
Kept substantially unchanged, although
OF course applied in a progressive spirit
20 meet changing conditions.
Caution Against Extravagance.
The enlargement of scope of the func-
tons OF the national government required
py our development as a nation involves,
OF course, increase of expense; and the
period of prosperity through which the
country is passing justifieS expenditures
M ont INN for
than would be wise in hard times. Bat
y tleships and forts, public buildings, and
improved waterways are investments
which should be made when we have the
money; but abundant revenues and a
large surplus always invite extravaganza
and constant care should be taken to
guard against unnecessary increase of
the ordinary expenses of government
The cost of doing government business
should be regulated with the same rigid
scrutiny as the cost of doing a private
business.
Capital and Labor.
In the vast and complicated mechanism
OF our modern civilized life the dominant
note is the note of industrialism; and the
relations of capital and labor, and es-
peclally of organized capital and organ
lied labor, to each other and to the pub
lie at large come second in Importance
only to the intimate questions of family
life Our peculiar form of government
with Its sharp division of authority be-
.ween the nation and the several states
has been on the whole far more advan-
tageous to our development than a more
strongly centralized government. But it
Is undoubtedly responsible for much of
the difhculty of meeting with adequate
legislation the new problems presented
sey the total change in Industrial condi-
oens on this continent during the last
\ sYlf-century. In actual practice it has
i proved molly nd in
cases impossible, to get unanimity of
wise action among the various states on
these subjects. From the very nature of
the case this is especially true of the laws
SHecting the employment of capital in
81 huge masses.
With regard to labor the problem is no
n less important, but it is simpler. AS long
n as the states retain the primary control
OF the police power the circumstances
must be altogether extreme which re-
Qulre interference by the federal author
mes, whether in the way of safeguard
ing the rights of labor or in the way cf
seeing that wrong is not done by un-
tuIy persons who shield themselves be-
hnd the name of labor. If there is re-
sls'ance to the federal courts, interfer-
ehce with the mails, or interstate COM
merce or molestation of federal proper
y, or If the state authorities in some
SAS4s which they are unable to face call
IoE help. then the federal government
nay interfere; but though such interfer-
.nce may be caused by a condition of
H4Dss arising out of trouble connected
WIN some question of labor the interfer-
snce itself simply takes the form of re-
s.oilhg order without regard to the ques-
nons which have caused the breach of
Ser-1or to keep order is a primary
,oy and in time of disorder and vio-
hce all other questions sink into abey-
M unul order has been restored. In
% %Me district of Columbia and in the ter
"UIl les the federal law covers the entire
uo OF government; but the labor ques-
II Co.'S - only acute in populous centers of
Herce, manufactures or mining
a eFertneless, both in the enactment and
n He enforcement of law the federal
n 60 nhent within its restricted sphere
n io set an example to the state gov
n especially in matter SO vital
n d. ls anecting labor. / believe that un-
of wouern industrial conditions it is
q noa necessary. and even where not
II sSSSssdIy 1t Is yet often wise, that there
be,,n Oe organization of labor in order
csl 70 secure the rights of the individ-
tho,,| ose-Worker. All encouragement
to, pe given to any such organiZa-
tas 90 long as it is conducted with a
ehor decent regard for the rights of
E hbo Ihere are in this country some
eber IInions which have habtually, and
@en aoor unions which have often
rkioIiong the most effective agents in
lt;in,, Ior good citizenship and for up
iste the condition of those whose well
shen9 9Iould be closest to our hearts. But
MNds any labor union seeks improper
Apronoaa. NJ seeks to achieve proper ends by
TaOre ~ 60 means. all good citizens and
fiAts nnpeeiaily all honorable public serv-
4soln.nSust oppose the wrongdoing as
XNronoSay as they would oppose the
eDrssN Nhg OF any great corporation. or
Hpy Violence. brutality or corrup-