Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1904-09-12

use. The result has been an increasing in.
| terdependence of agriculture and manufae>
lures: Agriculture is now, as it always
has been, the basis Of civilization The
$4,000 farms of the United States on
Grated by men who. a class are stead
iast, ingle-minded and Industrious form
me pasls OF all the other achievements Of
| the American people and are more fruitful
| tnan all their other resources. The men ON
! those 6,oo,OUO farms receive from the pro-
tecuve tariff what they most need, and
that IS the best of all possible marketa
All other classes depend upon the farmer
out the farmer in turn depends upon the
market ma they furnish him for his produce.
me annual output of our agricultural prod,
ucts is nearly $1,000 600 600 Their increase
In value has been prodigious. although
agriculture has languished in most other
countries; ana the main factor in this In
crease is the corresponding increase of our
manufacturing industries American farms
ers nave prospered because the growth OF
tneir market has kept pace with the growth
OF tnelr farms. The additional market con.
tnually furnished for agricultural product.
by domestic manufacturers has been far "A
| excess OF the outlet to other lands An Ell.
port trade In farm products is necessary tn
dispose or our surplus; and the expork
trade of our farmers. both in animal prod.
ucts and in plant products, has very largely
increased. Without the enlarged home
market to keep this surplus down we
should have to reduce production or else
1eed the world at less than the cost OF
production.
~ TIC ioity years enQlng In 1900 the total
va Nalu a OF farm property increased S125O0-
10000; the farmer gaining even more dur.
Ing this period than the manufacturer.
The Manufacturer and the Farm.
Long ago overproduction would have
checked the marvellous development of our
national agriculture, but for the steadily
increasing demand of American manufac.
turers for farm products required as raw
materials for steadily expanding Industries.
The farmer has become dependent upon the
manufacturer to utilize that portion of hib
produce which does not go directly to food
supply. In 1900 fffty-two per cent or lit.
tie over half OF the fetal value of the farm
products of the nation consumed in
manufacturing Industries the raw ma.
terials of the factories Evidently the manS
ufacturer is the farmers best and most de
rect customer. Moreover, the American
manufacturer purchases his farm supplies
almost exclusively in his own country Nine
tenths of all the raw materials of every
kind and description consumed in American
manufactures are Of American production,
Tie manufacturing estah :GIments tend
steadily to migrate into thu heart of the
great agricultural districts. The center OF
the manufacturing industry in 1900 was
near the middle of Ohio and it is moving
westward at the rate of about thirty miles
in every decade; and TINS movement is in.
variably accompanied by marked increase
in the value of farm lands Local causes.
notably the competition between new farm
there to obscure what is happening; but IL
is as certain as the operation of any eco.
nomic law, that in the country as wholk
farm values Will continue to increase az
the partnership between manufacturer and
farmer grows more intimate through fur.
ther advance of industrial science. The
American manufacturer never could have
placed this nationt at the head of the
manufacturing nations of the world If he
had not had behind him, securing him every
variety of raw material. the exhaustIess re.
n ha mo flrn dawn l,~S
the skill and the enterprise of intelligent
and educated American farmers. On thA
other hand, the debt CT the farmers to tho
Is equally heavy, and the
future of American agriculture is bound u0
in the future of American manufactures
The two industries have become, under the
policy of oar government sd
closely interviewer. mutually interde>
pendent. that neither can hope to maintain
itself at the htgh-water mark of progress
without the other. Whatever makes to the
advantage of one is equally to the advan-
t2ge of the other
Capitalist and Wage Worker
So it is between the capitalist and
the wage-worker. Here and there there
may be unequal sharing as between
the two in the benefits that have come BIZ
protection; but benefits have come to
ooth and a reversal in policy would
mean damage to both; and while the
Iamage would be heavy to all, 1t would
De heaviest. ana IL would FAN soonest.
Upon those who are paid in the form OF
wages each week or each month for that
weeks or that months work
Conditions change and the laws must b0
modified from time to time to fit new ext.
,encies But the genuine underlying prin.
,iple of protection, 1t has been EN-.
bodied In all but one of the American
ariff laws for the last forty years HAD
worked out results so beneficent so evens
y and widely spread so advantageous
like to farmers and capitalists and