The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1904-10-20

i Electricity Derived From Water
power.
team power is going out of fashion.
ater-power is coming in. Electrical
nsmission is working the change.
FRIED to its possible results, this
ization of water-powers means the
inction of the steam engine. Such
complete victory for water-power in
my cases is by no means improb-
e. An example is ready at hand. In
hgra Falls, a city of large and
led manufacturing interests, not a
gle steam engine is at work. This
lance is not as exceptional in its
Editions as might be thought. Great
is the power of Niagara falls, the
I of development per unit of plant
pacity is quite as large as that on
my another river. On the other
hid. the price of steam coal at
Agara Falls is much below that in
Nv England and many other tpars
the country.
Results in the extinction of steam
ver plants at Niagara Falls are ex-
tional In degree rather than in
ID. In hundreds of villages and
Fns throughout the country steam
zines have been almost, il not all
ether, displaced by electrically
nsmitted water-power. In scores Of
es steam engines Of the largest
es have been shut down, and their
rk taken up by electric power from
tant waterfalls. The steam plants
IS rendered silent and useless are
designed for any particular line of
ustry. Some stand in former pow
houes Of electrical supply and rail-
III systems, that are now operated
m sub-stations with transmitted
ter-power. Idle steam plants in
eh locations may be seen at Montreal
b Albany. Buffalo and st. Paul,
It Lake city and San Francisco. In
ne such cases, as at Buffalo and
ntreaI, the steam plants are not
rted even at times of maximum
DIS on the electric system. Others OF
Sc idle steam plants are in large
ton mills, as at Montreal, where the
ctric motors that are doing the
mer work of the steam equipment
We an aggregate of thousands Of
rse-power. Large machine works
nish other illustrations of steam
nts that have been put out of SER
= ~ ++r7 1xyo -. ,,,rI,ay, :, 4
ctric motors. In one such case, at
ncord, N. H., the shops OF the rail
y that hauls all Of the coal entering
city are operated by electric mo-
S of about $50 horsepower total ra-
g, and the steam plant that former
did the work is permanently out o.
Z. Another case, this time ii
ffalo, shows the substitution of cleo.
Water-power for steam in a PLAN
the manufacture Of pumps, where
horsepower required is over 1000
the list might be Indefinitely ex.
lded to include grain elevators ant
1t houses, flour and cereal mills
pber work and iron foundries, ore
letters and chemical works, and al.
lst every sort of manufacturing in,
stry that requires mechanical pow,
In large or small units. No load'
TIED Water-power and none ar,
great to be operated by trans,
TIED water-power and none are to-
all for efficient driving with electric
Ptors. The sewing machine making
rts, and the heavy machinery EN-
Eyed In the construction of stee
ps, are alike moved by the trans
TIED energy or distant falling water
With factory loads as well as cleo,
zeal supply and railway system shift
from steam to water-poWer, tn,
lount regularly transmitted to cite!
ALREADY large and is rapidly increas
s.. Portland, Me-, and Springfield
ss., each receive more than 200
rse-poWer electrically transmitted
m waterfalls. At both Manchester
FL, and Hartford, ct, the CORES
hiding figures are more than 5000
out 10000 horsepower goes alike tt
henectady, N. ", and San Francisco
o horsepower. Albany, N. Y, full!
much, and Los Angeles, Cal, more
pntreal leads the list of centers fol
lnssmitting water-power with nearl,
poo, and Buffalo is a close SECOND
th much more than 10000 horse
wer, at times of maximum load
8 city Of Niagara Falls itself is 81
Use to euectric generating station!
bit its supply of energy may be sait
be distributed rather than trans
TIED, but the amount utilized Their,
nearly 10000 horsepower. To thi,
fixing example Of great industrie,
Tilt IN about an archaeological
( I'D water-pewer may be added tina
ShaWihegan Falls, Massena anc
ult Ste Marie, near each of which
pusands of electrical horsepower ar
tributed to manufacturing plants.
Without the aid of electrical trans
ssion and distribution this dis
Acement of steam by water-powe
ibid never have taken place on it
esent great scale. Even at water
wer cities the distribution and tn
plication Of energy to 1nanufactur
3 plants is accomplished much NOR
Adily by electrical means much NOR
+ water itself. 1t is largely for thi
eason that many water-powers pre-
busIy unused are now becoming cen
is of industry. The great majorit,
manufacturers, however, cannot b
avn away from the centers of popu
zion. even by the advantages o
gap water-power, and for them tn
spice is necessarily between steam
y hnts and transmission from distan
Aterfa1ls. This choice is based o,
numerical rather than on sentiment