New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1904-07-31

scientific cornposure and profound for
Church and IT'S liturgy They may be accepted -
the final word the subject. Tar light
be derived from the Uoinpeached records OF his
tory His argt Elents present so much that 10
picturesque and ilumiuative that I purpose
present them in this and second article IN
pretty comprehensive outline.
CLASSIFICATION OF THE LTTURGIC SONGS.
n order to follow the history OF the Church chants
nteligsntly and with interest. NJ Gevaert begins It
Is necessary 10 put ones self mentally back among
their original Surroundings tthe old Roman basfi-
cas-. and realize the manner OF performance for
which they were conceived The religious func-
lions 1t which music plays the most important roIs
are The CaaOnical Hours C'CUrsus eccIcsias1icus'r
The essence Of the function consists IN the singing
Of The clntIcles. psalms and hymns day and night
This portion Of the Church service IL found as com
piete!y organized in the sixth century as IL Is to-
Gay tassiodorus ta0our A D 5+0l mentions seven
daily meetings VIZ. the midnight service CvigiIis,
vas divided into three night watches. Noctur7s
and comprcheude,,. besides the singing OF psaEns
also lessons. vi-h iDterpolatcd hymns. the early
service ~ the hour of cock-crOw tCiaIliciniuu
Laudes ulatlJinas the Lau1s Of to-day: the three
Little Hours Tierce Gin the uliddls Of ts,e for
uoonl. SeVr tat nOoH1 and Nones t0 the rfiG,'Fa
the afternoon, the evening service. L@scesll-,
at u" beginning Of 0a -S1eSs tveSuersi. and fua'f
the ConlPetpriuIa- before going bed )e'ompI-,.,
SINCE the fist Organization os rho HtlTgy
has also found wide Application iD the mass Pre-
only N Ss-oudar- manner. n acconl1auic4 s...-
sacrsJ function. but is NOT an essential part of
ms is particularly true OF the i've portions Whose
teNv and melody chang from day q day-the D.
Jr7teUs. Graduate. FaGeIu1eh cor Tractus. a. ris~
case may be'. OfertoriJ-1 and Corun--rio the la.
NO portions choral aside from the daily u7issr,
songs and few others o. peculiar form rl,s
Roman Church chants show little diversity eft
musical structure Those which auJedats the tire
OF Cha-!sn,agne may b0 divided into three classes
IL = ~.7~5frf
melodies first had strict rhvthulcaI regulation
These are very old and wholly OF Eastern origin
they We're nor Incorporated in the liturgy OF rhs
Roman church before the eleventh century. TIE
second class is composed OF the antiphonaI psalms
OF which two choi-s alternately sing each a vers~
Tra psalm is preceded by a short melody thA
a--ph01. which is lntoned by the precentor IN
order 20 indicate tis III which the chortsters
are 20 sing this is repeated by the choir after rha
psalm as a musical conclusion OF the piece. Th=
IIrd class. whose rUdimenrary type is found IN rh@
hJany, includes the rssponsorial songs-the pieces
with repeats Originally the text OF the rssponsorv
was always sung by deacon alone. the chorus os
The faithful repeating The concluding phrase OF n.
melody as sort OF refrain.
The hymns autoAoas and responses appear ia
the general naelOdic treasury OF the Roman Cath,-
Hc Church in rwo very different forms: Theyar.
either simple melodies. with single tone for each
syllable to- almost sol or their text fs consorret
with enabeI-sAed melody with tntsrpoIatss ne.
Of tie CanoncaI Hours, the enlbeIIished antfuhors
are common TO two of the variable missaI songs
the 1atroit and Communion So far thu syllable
responses are concerned. the Roman rite has r.
tei1ed them Tor only the three Little Hours: IN.
responses TO- the night hours CTespers. CorlpIfn.
and LaUdsl we'll as the responsive songs OF rh.
mass Gradual. Halelutah and Orsrtory) belong
the enbeIshed styls The real musical element IA
more dominant in the two portions introduced BE-
tween the Episte and Gospel Gradual with Halle
-.
portion OF the rits- They form sort OF inter
ulezzo FOR solo and chorus at which the precentor
had opportunity 20 display his voice and skill
All the enheIlished melodies au0esr at glance
TO have been composed later than the others. They
presUppose trained singers. and. therefore. point
70 period long after the time when the Psrsl
Co1sinued tenth paxs.