The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1904-09-25

subscribed to the oompany's stock, and
| several OF them were made directors.
| large number OF the Holland Jews emil
grated to Brazil when the Dutch took pos
session OF that country. Later, however,
when the Dutch were driven out by an up
rising OF the Brazilian people, the Jews,
no longer confident OF safety, found their
way to New Netherland There they were
| Joined by Jews from the Dutch island OF
| Curacao For the most part they settled
| In New Amsterdam and other places along
the seaboard Many OF them went event.
ually to Philadelphia, where some OF them
became estimable citizens. Among these
was Haym Solomon, who did much toward
! financing the American Revolution. he
negotiated the war gu sides secured from
France and Holland. Furthermore, he
advanced money to the agents and Min
listers Of the United States in foreign coun-
tries. as we'll as to statesmen and others
| at home. The United States borrowed
5000 900 of him in specie, OF which 100000
had not been paid at the time Of his death.
His descendants have attempted repeatedly
to induce Congress to repay the loan, but
| without success.
The emigrants from Europe to the Middle
Colonies included some Waldenses. II is
we'll known that the Waldensian valleys
are in the north OF ITALY, In the midst OF
the Cottian Alps. about thirty miles south
west Of the city OF Turin, the capital OF
Piedmont. The Waldensian Church Is
probably the oldest Protestant organiza-
ton in the world, and It's history Is that OF
repeated prosecutions by the Roman Cath
olios. In 1855 the sufferings OF the Wal
densee were especially severe. Invited
by the Elector Palatne, some OF thew
made their way to the Palatinate, while
others went on to Holland, Still Others
wishing to go to the Delaware country.
one Jacob Alricks was directed to purchase
all the land between South River and the
corner OF North River. During Stuy.
vesant's Administration, In 1862, many
Waldenses settled on Staten Island. Later
q number found homes in what Ia now Penn
sylvania.
An o.! ten overlooked constituent OF the
emigration 10 the Middle Colonies was fur
nihhed by the Labariists. Jean de Labadie
the founder OF the sect which bears his
name, was born in 1910. and educated by
Jesuts at Bordeaux. He left the Jeeuits
In 1929. and later became a Calvinist, but
ultimately, finding no sect quite to his
mind, he founded one. Labet'ie's doc
trines were a combination OF mysticism and
Calvnism. He held that illumination by
the Holy Ghost was the means OF salvation,
even superseuing the Bible. He rejecteI
infant baptism and the observance Of the
Sabbath. and taught communism in prop
erty. On account OF their peculiar doc
trinee the Labatiists were expelled from
Holland ard eventually settled In Friesland
In 1879 they ssnt two OF their members.
Peter Sluyter and Gaspard bankers. to
America, ito look for q suitable spot TO
plant colony" They landed in New
York and there made disciple OF Ephraim,
eldest son OF Augustine Herman, who
owned a vast tract Of land in what is now
Cecil county. Nd In company with
Ephraim they visited the elder Herman at
his estate near the head OF Chesapeake Bay,
which, in honor OF his fatherland. he had
called Bohemia Manor There they were
kindly received and though for time they
continued their journey down the peninsula.
they soon returned TO the manor and pur-
chased OF Augustine Herman three or four
thousand acres of land. Then they went
back to Fresand, but in 1888 they brought
colony of fellow believers TO the tract
that they had purchased.
v.
We pass TO another stream Of migration
to the Middle Colonies. that, namely, which
flowed In and after the year i70s from the
two palatinates. the Upper or Bavarian,
and the Lower or Palatinate OF the Rhine.
The exodus to America was caused mainly
by the devastation OF the Lower Palattnate
during the War Of the Spanish Succession.
Of the frat emigration Of Lutherans from
this Palatinate we have no trustworthy
account, but Prof Jones thinks it probable
that the fugtives went to New Jersey. In
ITO three thousand Of them set out for New
York, OF whom. however at least five hum
dred died on the way. Most OF the new
corners were settled in five villages on
tracts OF land skirting the Hudson River, but
about four hundred of them mostly widows,
single women and children, remained on
Manhattan Island. Eventually, some OF the
Palatine emigrants secured lands along the
banks of the Mohawk, where in 1922 they
were Joined by the major part Of a shipload
OF their countrymen newly arrived in New
York The level meadows along the south
side Of the Mohawk came to be called the
German Flats They were unsurpassed
In fertility, Just opposite, on the northern
side OF the river, was the settlement OF
Herkimer, named after the most celebrated
General OF the Pslatines 1t seems that
emigrants from the Lower Palatinate set
tied also In Maryland, In what l. now Fred
eriok county, as early as ITO. They did not
come In large numbers, however, until 1920
or 1870. subsequently the immigration
increased 80 rapidly TINT In INA Frederick
county had nearly $4,000 inhabitants, who
constituted about one-seventh Of the popu-
lation Of the whole province.
The Palatines who had settled on the
Scboharie River In New York heard fiat
tering reports Of the lands on the Tulpe-
hocken and the Swatara, and about one-third
of them emigrated to Pennsylvania. At
, least sixty families removed to the last
named province In i72s, and others followed
them Ave years later. To the first settle
. ment they gave the name OF Heidelberg.
The kind treatment which they received
at the hands Of the Pennsylvania authori-
ties led to successive settlements along
l the Susquehanna and its tributaries. For
a number Of years steady stream Of Pala-