The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-08

civilized nations the principle of the ex- emption Of all private property at sea, not trustion S by % bsliissrent % p poWegss Rsc r 1s'
 I cordially renew this recommendation.
 The Supreme Court. speaking 1n Decefn- Der Il, isss. through Peckham; T.. said:
 10 say that this government has always been, in its. views among the most ad- vanced of the govefnments Of the world in favor of mitigating. as to all non. war To accomplish that object 1t has always advocated those rules which would In most cases do away with the right to capture the private property of
 Iadvocate this as a matter of humanity and morals It is auachronistic when private property is respected on land that t n,s should s & not be respected st sea Myrs. ore. shipping representa- internationally speak ing, a much mores generalized species of private property than IS the case with OSnd se se s on ss aps s han s the case with property found on land real " to belong to any one nation. Under
 the modern system of corporate owner the flag which would mark the nationality of the real ownership and money control
 of the vessel; and the cargo may belong
 to indiyiduals of yet different nasionail- vested in foreign ships: and among for eign nations 1t often happens that the capital of one is largely invested in the practical matter. 1t may be mentioned that while commerce destroying may cause serious loss and great annoyance. 1t can never be more than subsidiary foe. This is now well recognized by all of our naval experts. The lighting ship, not the commerce destroyer. is the vessel whose feats add renown to a nations his great powers of the world.
 Meeting of Intervparliamsntary
 Union for InternationalA Arbi- tration.
 Last year the Interparliamentary Union for International Arbitration met at vien- na. six hundred members of the different legislatures of civilized countries attend ing. It was provided that the next meeting should be in 1904 at St. Louis, subject to our Congress extending an in interpariiamentary Union Is one of the forces tending towards peace among the nations of the earth, and 1t is entitled to
 our support. trust tue invitation can
 Relations With. Turkey.
 Early in July. having received intel ligence. which happily turned out to be erroneous, of the assassination of our yice-consul at Beirut, dispatched . small
 squadron to that port for such service as might be found necessary on 8. rival. Al- though the attempt on the life of our vice. consul had not been successful, yet
 was snS de u1anded immediate attention. The arrival of the vessels had the happiest result A feeling of security at once .ook the our officers were CO., dially welcomed by the consular body and the leading mer- chants. and ordinary business resumed it's activity. The government of the Sultan gave considerRte hearing to the repre- sentations of our minister: the official who was regarded as responsible for the
 disturbed condition of affairs was re- moved Our relations with the Turkish Government remain friendly; our claims founded on inequitable treatment of some oflour. schools and missions appear to be In process of amicable adjustment
 Relations With China.
 with China. which took place at Shanghai on the 8th of October, Is a cause for satis- faction. This act the resrt of long discussion and negotiation,
 the great Oriental Empire on a more satisfactory footing than they have ever
 heretofore enjoyed. It provides not only aiplomatic Hp @ % and cosuIar s ofcers but also for an important extension of our com
 merce by Increased facility of access to Chinese ports, and for the relief of trade which have embarrassed 1t in the past. The Chinese Government engages. on fair and equitable conditions, which will pcob- ably be accepted by, the principal comz "liken" and other transit dues through out the empire, and to introduce other desirable administrative reforms. 9@ Larger who desire to, carry on. mining enter prises in China. We have secured for our missionaries a valuable privilege, the recognition of their right to rent and
 lease in perpettIity such property as their
 religious. societies may need in all parts of the Empire. And, what was an indis-
 pensable condition for the advance and development of our commerce in Man opened to foreign commerce the cities of Mukeden, the capital of the province of
 Manchuria, and Antung, an important
 Korea. The full measure of development
 which our commerce may rightfully ex
 pect can hardly be looked for until the settlement of tho present annormsl state
 ton for such development has at last been laid. Reduction in Cost of Maintaining @ Consular Service.
 call your attention to the reduced cost
 in maintaining the. consular service for the fiscal year ending June 30. 1903, as
 shown in the annual report of the Auditor
 for the State and other departments. as compared with the year previous. For the year under consideration the excess of expenditures over receipts on account of the consular service amounted to $26.- 125. F. as against 50 for the year ending June go, 1902. and Sl41'O4O IS for the year ending June 30, 1901. This is the
 best showing in this respect for the con sular service for the past fourteen years, and the reduction In the cost of the ser
 vice to the government has been made in spite ot the fact that the expenditures for the year in question were more than $2O,- 900 greater than for the previous year.
 Rural Free Delivery Service.
 The rural free ddelivery service has been steadily extended. The attention of the Congress Is asked to the question of the compensation of the letter carriers vice. especially on the new rural free eltvery routes More roptes have been installed since the First O lJuly fast than in any like period in the Departments history. While a due regard to economy must be kept in mind in the establish of the rural free-delivery system must be continued, for reasons of sound pup lie policy. No governmental movement of recent years has resulted in greater inl- mediate benefit to the people of the coun- try districts. Rural free delivery, taken bicycle, and the trolley. accomplshes much toward lessening the isolation of farm life and making it brighter and more attractive. In the immediate past the lack of just such facilities as these
 has driven many of the more active and
 restless young men and women from
 the farms to the cities; for they rebeiied
 at loneliness and lack of mental compan- | ionship. It is unhealthy and undeslta- ble for the cities to grow at the expenss