davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04

names for them. "Old SOW" "old maid"
and foolish are some of the designa-
tions which they apply to them when
they sit over the fire and spin yarns.
The shape of the head and mouth is
responsible for these names. The
mouth opens upward, the lower jaw pro-
truding beyond the upper. Crustaceans
are the diet of this fish, and the shape
of the mouth and the sharp teeth with
in are for catching and destroying this
kind of food. One would say, judging
from their appearance, that their diet
was not well suited to their needs, for
they have a starved look. The other
day a party of sightseers observed this
look.
Here's fish trying the starvation
cure" remarked one, turning to his
companions. There's something the
matter with him. Don't you see how
! thin he is?"
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04
CORRECTED HIS MISTAKE.
I<Iondike "Dentist" Got the Right
Tooth Later On and
Charged for 1t.

High prices often prevail in frontier
towns, and those who live in new settle
ments become accustomed to the charges
and think little about it. A man who
recently returned from the Klondike
tells a good story which is printed in the
New York Tribune.
People get used to paying big money
for trifies, he said, and two dollars for
a box of sardines or five dollars Tor
pound of bad coffee came to be regarded
as reasonable prices. But once | had
the surprise of hearing an unexpectedly
low price named. 1t was like this: l
had a jumping toothache-was nearly
wild with it-and went to shanty
where Twas told there was dentist.
A rough-looking fellow told me that
he was the dentist and l asked him
to draw my tooth. He looked me over,
got his forceps fastened on my tooth
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04
BLOCK AND TACKLE.
Convenient Apparatus for Lifting
Heavy Loads with CompnrR-
lively Small Power.

Familiar as many people are with q
block and tackle, it Is not everyone who
understands the principle on which that
apparatus works. or why any advantage
can be derived from it's use. Hence,
short explanation is permissible, says
the New York Tribune.
1t may be explained, to begin with,
that the chief benefit comes from null
tiplication of pulleys. II only one pulley
be used, there may be some increase Of
convenience, but nothing is gained in
power. Suppose, for instance, that from
a point above and outside an open win
dow be secured a single pulley, over
which rope is run, so that both ends
touch the ground. Let heavy object
be attached to one, and let man pull
down on the other. If the object weighs
more than the man. he cannot start 1t.
1t 1t weighs less, he can. For every one
foot of descent at his end, the attached
burden will ascend exactly the same dis"
tance The lifting force eAerted on it is
equal to the pulling force at the other
end that is, theoretically. This may be
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04
ABOUT PATENT LEATHER.
Many of the Processes of It's Mnnufac-
ture Are Guarded Very Cnre-
fully from the Public.

Patent leather has become feature
In the leather world, and its making has
assumed considerable proportions here
abouts. Peabody is probably the largest
patent leather manufacturing place in
the country, though Newark, N. j., and
vicinity probably make more real and
imitation patent leather.
All manufacturers have their own tan
ming processes, much like those Of the
calfskin tanner, though some patent
leather is given bark tanning. Horse
hide and colt skins are the chief feathers
made up with a patent finish, and the
process of producing the glossy surface
is most interesting
The patent or enamel finish is really
painted and baked on, as the bicycle
manufacturer paints and bakes enamel
onto frame. Tanners are very particu-
lar about keeping their processes a Sc
cret, and nobody but workmen are ever
allowed into the finishing rooms. Paint
ers are especially kept far from the
work rooms. 1t is said that the work
men have to drink much beer on ac-
count of the chemicals with which they
work, and the heat of the baking ovens.
The hide or skin having been
stretched and dried as much as pos
sible, is first given coating of mix
ture of linseed oil, litharge, white lead
or similar materials, boiled together un-
til they make a pasty mixture This
is daubed on the surface with a steel
tool, and we'll rubbed in so that the
pores of the leather will be filled up
Then the leather is put into the oven
its surface being exposed to steam pipes
at a temperature of about 160 degrees
1t takes about half day for this finish
to set
Next the surface is rubbed down witt
pumice stone, and then it is covered witt
linseed oil and ivory black, about si'
layers being applied, each layer being
dried and rubbed down. Finally var
nish Is applied, and then the surface /!
:, rubbed down and finished off as NIGEL!
as a painter finishes fine carriage
; The final gloss is brought out by ex
posture to the sun. 1t Is peculiar fac
= that Old Sol brings out a better finisl
than can any artificial drying or bak
ing process. Manufacturers of high
grade patent leather test every ski,
before shipping it. The test is made b
folding the hide or skin at any poin
seized at random into double V. Thi
V is hammered with a mallet. II tn
finish cracks, the skin is rejected, an
If it does not crack, the leather is sci
to the shoe manufacturer. A pateI
finish is on a smooth surface and a
enamel on boarded. Japan or lacqut
leather is the same as patent.
"boarded" surface is a surface who!
grain is raised by roughing it up wit
piece of board-Newport News.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04

Development of the great natural re-
sources of the tropical belt of the earth is,
in the opinion of Hon. o. P. Austin, chief
of the bureau of statistics, necessity for
the future progress of the world.
Although this belt contains practically
one-half of the land area of the globe,
1t now contributes but one-siXth Of the
exports which enter into international
commerce. With the growing popula-
tlon OF the world, and the increase of IA
cilities for transportation, a change
should be wrought in this respect. Sci
ence has shown how life and health car
be protected in the tropics, and India
southern China, and other oriental coun
tries contain populations capable of la
boring. and willing to labor, in the trop
les. Finally, Mr., Austin points out tina
in comparatively recent years practi
cally all the tropics, eXcepttropical Amer
lea, have been brought under the con
! troll of temperate-2one countries.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04

come and Joined American clubs, adding
to the prestige of their particular clubs,
and professionals, especially from
"auld Scotia" have come in great num-
bers, but this is the first time an inter-
national flavor has been given golf
matches. The contests are like the
international cricket matches, and
tours of tennis teams, and are the first
international matches in the country,
excepting those with Canadian golf
teams. The members Of the team were:
j. l.. Low, G. N. Day, H. G. b. Ellis,
d. f. Ransom, P. w. Leathart, G. H.
Alison, H. w. Beveridge, N. F. Hunter,
]. A. T. Bramston, T. M. Hunter and
G. d. Barne. The Englishmen showed
up to advantage in their matches,
showing American patrons of the game
several new points about it.
John L Low, captain OF the team,
has figured most prominently of any
of the men in the British champion
ships and big tournaments He has
won the first scratch medal of the
Royal and Ancient Golf Club, the first
scratch aggregate prize at the Royal and
Ancient, the Calcutta cup, Jubilee vase,
bronze medal in the British amateur
championship in 1897, in which he was
beaten after tie; won bronze medal
in 1898, when he lost after tie, and in
1901 he won the silver medal, being
beaten by hole. The captain also has
won thirty scratch prizes at Cambridge,
Blackheath, Perth, Carnoustie and
elsewhere. His putting game is said to
be almost invincible. Mr. Lows wife
died last year, and he has played little
: golf since, so the undertaking of lead
ing the present team has given his
friends great pleasure. Mr.. Low has
: been captain of the Cambridge, Ciren'
cester and Woking Golf clubs and Ii
= now captain of the Royal Blackheatf
J, Golf club, the Oldest golfing society II
the world, which dates its ancestry tt
= 1908. Last year Mr.. Low was chosen tt
), represent Scotland at Hoylake, but dit
> not accept Mr.. Low is the only one
l. the visitors who is not OF the younge
l. school,
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04

a handler way to manage the load than IL
the man was up in the window and tried
to raise the same load by rope running
straight downward to the latter. But,
after all, there is no gain in power
Now imagine a different arrangement
that shown in the diagram. Suppose
there are two pulleys, one above and one
below. Let the weight (W) be attached,
not to the end of the rope, but to the
block containing the lower pulley. Let
one end of the rope be secured to the
lower end of the upper block, and put
the other end (P) in the mans hands
With these two pulleys he can raise near
ly twice his own weight. Tolift the load
one foot he must pull two feet of rope.
and he must work twice as long as be-
fore. In all mechanical devices of this
sort, what is gained in power must be
compensated by extra time and distance.
For the sake of simplicity, the draw
ing shows only a single pair of pulleys,
one in each block 1t often happens that
there are two or three pairs, two or three
pulleys in each block, but only one rope
being used Such an arrangement gives
much more power. A single pair doubles
(or nearly doubles) the power, two pairs
will quadruple it, and three pairs will
multiply it skiold, or nearly so. With
four pulleys, two in each block, the man
must pull down four feet of rope to raise
the weight one foot and with six pull
leys three in each block, he must pull
down six feet to lift it the same distance.
Allowance must be made for the fric-
ton of the puleys in their bearings in
the blocks No matter how good the
construction there must be some loss OF
power from that cause. Possibly this
? item may be small, say, not over one
tenth or one-twentieth of the power eX-
pended. Still, 1t must not be overlooked.
The foregoing principles apply equal
q ly, whether the power applied at be de-
G rived from a man, horse or steam en-
: gine. The advantage comes from null
d tiplication of pulleys, and what is gained
o in one way is lost in another. For load
e ing and unloading steamers the blocl
r and tackle has the added convenience
It that it may be suspended from the end oI
q a movable boom, which may be SWUNG
70 first in ono direction and then in thu
other. Thus lateral as well as vertica
transportation is made possible. Thi
other convenience, however, results from
the boom, or derrick, not from the blocl
and tackle.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04
FISH THAT CARRIES WEAPONS.
Species That Has Skin Like Snnd-Pa-
per and Armed with Three
Corncred Files.

Two of the fish at the aquarium wear
armor and carry concealed weapons.
AS the police seldom visit the aquari-
um and no complaints have been filed,
the fish have not been disturbed in the
possession of their ornaments, says the
New York Tribune. They are the or
ange filefsh, which are coated with
skin that resembles sandpaper in the
latter's most striking characteristic, and
in hollow on the top of the back they
carry sharp three-cornered files. When
not in use these lie along the back.
When a grudge is to be settled the file
fish literally gets his back up and vi
ciously tickles the object of his hatred
in the ribs.
The two specimens at the aquarium
were secured a short time ago ir
Gravesend bay. The fishermen in the
neighborhood of the bay have Other
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04
BITTER ROT APPLES
Something About the Disease Which
Destroys the Fruit.
Comes In July md August and In
Some Cases Plays Wholesale
Havoc in Orchards - How
IL May lie Fought.

UGH" says the man as he bites into
his apple and as quickly spits out the
bite, that's bitter" And so it is, for he
has taken an apple which is infected with
the bittor rot. With the coming of the
new crop of apples to market, the uD>
pleasant experience of the man who Dit
into the diseased part OF the apple is
quite a common one. But 1t is not as
might be supposed a case of ordinary rot,
due to bruise, but the bitter rot is caused
by fungus which grows in the ripening
tissues of the fruit and induces decay.
The bitter rot appears in apple or
chard at different times during the
months of July and August, the time of
its first appearance varying with the
climatic conditions during any particu-
lar season. The first spots usually de-
velop on the apple fruits when they are
nearly full grown. From that time on
until the fruit is entirely ripened the dis
ease is likely to occur with increasing
severity.
Warm, sultry weather, particularly
after a rain, forms the ideal condition for
the development of the bitter rot. In
COOL dry summers the bitter rot is usu-
ally present but sparingly. short series
of hot, wet days in August may bring
about a sudden and very destructive at
tack. Nights with a heavy fall of dew
alternating with hot days are usually
followed by an extensive development
of the disease. Numerous instances might
be mentioned where the disease appeared
in an orchard during the latter part Of
August, after few hot days, destroying
the whole crop in three days. A notable
case of this kind occurred during tht
summer of 1900. Cold weather usual!
checks the disease and may stop 1t al
together
The bitter rot fungus, like othe
species of the form genus Gloeosporium
has an almost worldwide distribution
In the United States it has been found II
nearly all of the states east of and in
cluding Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas
A careful search through the mycologica
literature available at the Missouri bot
anical garden has shown that under on
name or another this fungus has been re
ported from Maine, New Hampshire
Vermont, Connecticut, New York, Ne
Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, West Vii
ginia, North Carloina, South Carolin;
Alabama, Mississippi Kentucky, Ohit
Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin
Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas, Oklahom
Indian Territory and Texas. The state
east of the MISSISSIPPI from which Il
fungus has not yet been reported are a
most uneXplored mycologically. 1t is e
tremely probable that it occurs in q
states where the apple is being grow
even in the most northern latitudes.
The first signs of the bitter rot appe
In the form of a very faint light brow
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04

A scientific investigation of muscular
fatigue has been begun by M. A. M.
Bloch. From questions sent to persons
of many occupations he finds that it is
not the most used muscles that are most
subject to fatigue, but those that are
kept under tension, although doing no
work. The back, loins and neck need
more exercise to strengthen them, the
arms and legs less. The baker becomes
first tired in the legs. the wood sawyer in
the calves of the legs or the loins, the
road digger in the legs, the blacksmith
in the back and loins, the young soldier
In the back of the neck, the horseman In
the thigh, the artillerymen in the neci
and loins, the immature violinist in the
neck, the practced violinist in the lef
hand, the expert fencer in the righ
shoulder, the oarsman in the calves ant
nstepa
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04
MOTOR VERSUS CARRIAGE.
Scientific Argument in Favor of Au-
tomObIIe Supported by Authen-
tic Diagram.

Persons disposed to call in question
the easy-riding qualities of automobiles
have their opinions disputed by the fol-
lowing from Automobil-Welt,a as trans
lated for Popular Mechanics:
"There is the motor IN the front Of
the machine, with its easy, elastic vibra-
tions. The vehicle itself swings with it,
but so softly that you don't notice it un-
less it stands still. When going, these
vibrations actually reduce the shocks
from a rough road which, with horse
drawn wagon, hit the body suddenly and
larshly, throwing it from one side to
another, hard and rude, even if the
wagon has good springs. The motor
vehicle has not only good springs, but
also a lower center of gravity, besides
pneumatic tires, by all of which thu
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04
CAN PLANTS REASON2
Prof. ShnIer Thinks They Have Some
Intelligence and Gives Reasons
for His Opinion.

That plants have intelligence is main
tanned in thesis by Prof. Shaler, OF
Harvard university. After discussing
the automata, he says: 1--WE may accept
the statement that our higher intelli-
eence is but the illuminated summit of
mans nature as true, and extend it by
the observation that intelligence is nor
mally unconscious, and appears as con-
scious only after infancy, in our waking
hours, and not always them" In sum-
ming up the professor uses the follow
ing sentences: Looking toward the or
ganic world in the manner above sug-
gested, seeing that an unprejudiced view
Of life affords no warrant for the mo-
ton that automata anywhere exist, trac-
ing as we may down to the lowest grade
of the animal series what is fair evil
dence to actions which we have to be-
lieve to be guided by some form of in
telligence, seeing that there is reason to
conclude that plants are derived from
the same primitive stock as animals, we
are in no condition to say that intelli-
gence cannot exist amvng them. IN fact,
| all that we can discern supports the view
that throughout the organic realm tho
intelligence that finds Its fullest express
sion in man is everywhere at work
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04
NAAAuNn
SPEAKS LOUDER THAN WORDS.
Relative Ease of Travel in Carriage an
Automobile.)

shocks are much softened. And what
still remains of irregular jolting is
orldged over and smoothed out by the
soft, undulating and uniform vibrations
of the motor. You can imagine thatyo
are sitting in boat gliding over rip
pling, slightly moved surface"
The relative ease of travel in car
riage and automobile, as set forth by the
writer, is shown in the accompanying
diagrams, of which the upper indicates
the jolting motion of the carriage and
the lower the relatively smooth motion
of the automobile.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04


the fight on Father Time. The
speedy son of Joe Patchen won
his spurs when, on September 20
1902, on the same Readville track,
he euualed the best effort OF Star
Pointer. Star Pointer was the first
PAGER to get under two minutes, and
when he succeeded he beat the 2:Ol
of Robert j., which record was made
at Terre Haute, Ind, September
IA, 1894. To wipe the name
of Star Pointer off the rec
ord slate altogether Dan Patch has
his work cut out for him. The sheet
shows the quarter mile in :2S standing
to Star Pointers credit, the half in
.57A and the three-quarters in 1:2SA.
The quarter was made at the time OF
the 1:59A mile, the half was done Sep
tember II, 1898, a year later, while the
three-quarter was reeled off September
/, 1898. Dan Patch's fractional times
were. :29A, 1854 and 1:29A.
Horsemen are now figuring on a cut
in the trotting record, which stands at
2:O2A to the credit of Cresceus. The
speed shown by C. X. G. Billings mare,
| Lou Dillon, in her trials against the
watch this year gives the enthusiasts
hope and the 2:G2% already credited to
the mare looks for her easy to beat
With the cut in the trotting mark the
three leading turf records Will have
been lowered this year. The thorough
breds have twice beaten their best
Allan-a-Dale doing 1887 3-5, made al
Washington park, Chicago, and Dicl
Welles later cutting it to 1877 2-5 a
Harlem. Dan Patch's 1853 fixes thu
PAGERS and now the fans have their eye'
on the trotters.
In the last games of the tournament
of the National Rogue association
, played at Norwich, Conn, recently, c
c. Cox, of Maiden, Mass, won the cham
pionship in the expert division. Mitchell
of Philadelphia won first in the secon
division, and S. e. Davenport, of Ne'
York, in the third division.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04

and yanked it out after couple of hard
twists.
How much?" / asked.
"Well, two dollars, guess" said the
dentist.
l paid him. although my jaw still
ached badly.
That's the cheapest thing I've seen
round here" remarked, as I gave him
the money.
We'll" he said, az thought I'd make
it low, because on account of the bad
light l pulled the wrong tooth"
had to go the next day and have the
bad tooth out, and he made matters
square by charging me ten dollars.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04
APPLES AFFECTED WITH BITTER ROT

discoloration under the skin of the ap-
pie. The spots are exceedingly small at
first and as they grow larger they ap-
pear circular in outline. The spots rapid
ly increases in size, becoming darker
brown. When the spot is one-eighth of
an inch in diameter the area appears dis
tinctly sunken. The borders of these
spots are usually very nearly circular
and sharply defined.
The cankers found on apple trees in
Illinois appear as blakened depressions
on apple limbs of various sizes, from last
years fruit spurs to limbs three to four
inches in diameter. Thus far the cankers
have not been found on the main trunk.
The discovery of the cankers was
brought about directly by tracing groups
of diseased apples to these sunken areas
on the apple limbs. The numerous OBJ
servations made by Mr. r. H. Simpson
Parkersburg, ILL.,. and by those who fol-
lowed him seemed to prove beyond ques-
tion that the cankers were in some way
responsible for the infection of the ap'
pies. Instances were frequent where two
or more apples hung just below canker
These were generally badly diseased
while all other apples in their immedi
ate vicinity were perfectly healthy
Although the bitter rot has been 81
destructive to apple crops for 30 year.
or more, little if any headway hat
been made until recently towart
ccmbating it successfully.
HERMAN N. Won SCHREUE.
Experiment Postponed.
He Feeling his ground)-Er-do yol
.-er-believe there is any danger in kiss
ing, Miss Mabel?
She-Well, think it all depends upol
circumstances. For instance, pap
might come in here at any moment, an
then it would be absolutely perilous.-
Ally Sloper.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04
Dlectricity in DentIstry.

1t is proposed to use currents of cleo
tricity in place of anaesthetics for opera
tions on the teeth. One pole is connect
ed to an electrode nodded to fit the tooth
and lined with wet asbestos to counter
act any heating effect on the tooth it.
self. Five minutes suffices to render in
sensible tooth with a single fang.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04

Clothing heated by electricity will be
worn by the duke of Abruzzi during his
next polar excursion. Tie heat will pass
through a network; of atbestos-covered
wire arranged in the lining of his ap-
parel. His bedding viii Oe warmed in
the same way.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04
a,IdnesA from Meat Dict.

A Belgian physician declares that early
badness is frequently caused by the eX-
cessive eating CT meat. He asserts that
he often checked cases of falling hair BY
combining with local treatment diet ol
milk, eggs and fruit.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04


bridge Golfng So
ciety to the United
States. True, Eng
lish q m a t c u + s
have come and
played, as did w.
Girdwood Stewart
in 1897, and Eng
lish and Scotch
exponents, like II.
j. Whigham, Find
lay S. Douglas and
A. G. Lockwood
and others less
,,,olI known have
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1903-09-04
Taste In Art.

Kitty-Harry Dix says you are pretty
as picture.
Clara-Nonsense! He didn't mean 1t.
Kitty-Oh, yes he did. But, of course.
you know Harry's taste i'll pictures isn't
anything to brag about.-Boston Tran
script.