davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1903-04-05

to wait No more bears however, appeared,
and We finally departed. stiff and shivering, for
our tents. In the morning climbed the hill
to see if there were any signs of our last nights
battle and to our aStOniShment we found our
grizzly lying against a pine tree-dead.
New-York tribune., 1903-04-05
An 1RT TEMPLE.
Plan Of DR.. Wallace Wood for Bet
ter Display of Fine Art Works.

After years of study to effect vvidness in the
presentation of fine art objects DR.. Wallace
Wood, who holds the Samuel F. Morse chair of
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-10-27
SIZZLING COTTON FOR HIGHER PRICES

| am in receipt Of letter from friend,
writing at the instance Of farmers III his
immediate neighborhood, requesting me
to outline plan by which they can hold
their cotton IN order to take advantage
Of the rise In price later on. The pre-
sumption Is that this proposition applies
to those who owe certain obligations, yet
have more than enough cotton to meet
them. There is but one remedy under
such circumstances, and that Is to store
the cotton in a warehouse, have 1t IN
sured and use the warehouse receipts IS
collateral security upon which to bOr-
rev enough money from local banks to
pay off maturing obligations.
This is a plan which can be easily
adopted in every local cotton market and
is being pursued by thousands OF farmers
who need some money, yet who want to
hold their cotton crop and sell 1t grad
uaIly through the winter and spring Now
as an illustration Of how the plan works
and what it Will cost to hold bale SIX
months The present rate or warehouse
insurance on cotton Will average about ID
cents per bale per month, and the storage
% cents-tOtal cost 40 cents per month.
The banks Will lend at this time $1,000 on
800 pounds Of cotton stored and insured,
charging interest at rate of per cent
per annum. This would amount to rs
cents per month on the borrowed $1,000.
Sunpose the whole transaction was carried
six months the total cost on the bale
Of cotton would be storage and insurance
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-10-27

upon to speak upon the condition CT the
cotton crop in the South. He stated that
the cotton question was a principal topic
Of discussion in the association, and de-
cared that after much conservative con-
sideration the estimate Of the crop in the
South had been enormously exaggerated
and the cotton crop IS not so good as it
was last year but the corn crop was ex
ceptionally fine The estimate which We
considered conservative one for the cot
ton crop of the South, was 1900, 900 bales
Mr.. Parker suggested that an estimate
Of the cotton crop this year compared With
the crop OF last year be taken, and the
different counties were called, and some
representative from each county gave an
estimate of the crop in his county Beau
for was 75 per cent. OF last years crop,
Biaden so per cent, Chatham not more
than Is per cent, Cleveland was but 50
per cent Craven 15 per cent, Cumber-
land 75 per cent, Duplin was about so
per cent. Edgecombe, with increased ac-
reage 90 per cent, Franklin so per cent,
Greene Is per cent, Halifax 75 per cent,
Harnett 65 per cent, Hertford suffering
from rust was placed at 20 per cent, John
ston 70 per cent, Jones 60 per cent, Mar
tin rs per cent, Mecklenburg so per cent,
Nash. with increased acreage 100 per
cent, Northampton 60 per cent, Orange
10 per cent, Pamlico 75 per cent, PasqUo-
tank 5per cent, Pitt &c per cent. Robe
son so per cent, Sampson 65 per cent,
Scotland So per cent. Vance rs per cent,
Wake 65 per cent, Wayne 100 per cent.
Wilson Is per cent, Durham so per cent,
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-10-27

meath the bales and no covering above i
to sell all such cotton without delay a.
hardly any reasonable advance would af-
feet the loss from damage Il Is a duty
which every farmer owes to himself and
his family TO break up this reckless. u1-
bus!neSsIIke method OF dumping twelve
months supply OF cotton on the market
iii three months putting the price OF the
staple absolutely IN the hands of specu-
iatcrs.
We should hold our cotton either IN
warehouses as suggested or or our farms
and sell the staple slowly. Under such
plan we can easily fix the price upon
an equitable basis which vii leave
profit to the producer each season. The
crop this year is short-the price now j.
at least 3 cents a pound too low, and
every man who can hold his staple off the
market should dc So
The farmers in North Carolina Texas
Alabama Georgia and other States are
now holding meetings and devieng ways
and means by which they can hold back
part of their crops and reduce the dc
pressing influences Of heavy reccpt-. TINS
is following the line Of doctrine that Haa
inaugurated by the Southern Cotton
Growers Protective Association four years
ago, and which we have Steadfastly push
ed since that time Raise more meat
corn and flour at homo. hold cotton at
home, reduce the supply merchants time
bills and move the crop slowly. That IS
! uy platform.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-10-27
RALEIGH N. C.. TUESDAY. OCTOBER 27, 1908
To Hold Cotton for 1OC.
from The News /. nd Observer, October %

There was an enthusiastic meeting OF
North Carolina Cotton Growers in the
House OF Representatives last night
Thirty-seycn counties were represented
and over two hundred farmers Were pres
cnt
The vital subject Of our farmers, the
price of cotton, was discussed 5y inteln-
gent men who know and appreciate the
cotton situation. 1t was declared that the
cotton crop in North Carolina this year
amounts to but IS per cent. OF the crop
last year. Not one quarter OF he crop
IN this State hos been sold
At s O'Clock Secretary T. B. Parker.
CT the Farmers State Alliance, called the
meeting to order end announced its pur-
pose and objects He read the letter from
Mr.. Harvey Jordan. president Of the Cot
ton Growers Protective Associat on,
which has been published He then asked
Hon. T. L. Daughtrdge, Of Edgecombe
county, to preside over the meeting.
Mr. Daugtridge asked the members Of
the press who were present to act as sec
Tetarles, and then briefly discussed the
situation. He declared that the growers
ton which has been raised IN the South
ern States this year. The cotton crop is
short, the demands of the mills have not
been supplied, and he thought we should
receive reasonable prices for our cotton
The list of counties was called, and the
names Of the various counties represented
we're taken
The following counties were Represented
at the conventions Alamance, Beaufort
Bladen, Chatham, Cleveland, Craven
Cumberland, Duplin, Edgecombe. Frank
lin, Green, Halifax, Harnett, Henderson
Hertford Jackson, Johnston, Jones. Mar
tin Mecklenburg, Nash, Northampton
Orange, Pamlco, Person, Pitt, Roheson
Sampson, Scotland Vance, Wake, Wayne
/ Wilson, PasQuotank, Durham, Lemon ant
+ Cabarrus
DR. Kilgore, who has been attending tn
commissioners of Southern States Asso
! citation at Montgomery, Ala, was callet
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-10-27

q gully. But if the soil is mo,c deeply
dteeheepngnIGoo,. .JptIf7S90S 7840S 1905
ploWed, and the subsoiler follows loosen
ms the clay to a depth OF fifteen or more
inches. there i a body Of loose soil that
Will take up the hardest rain without
moving. Then il we add to this shall
low and fiat culture during the growing
season, we form no burrows to gather
a head Of water to break over and 20
down hill Shallow plowirg and cor
slant clean culture in hoed crops have
made terrace banks necessary in the.
Southern upiands, and at times the rain
Is so heavy that the terraces fill ana
overflow and do more damage than if
there We're no terraces. With deep
breaking, aubsoiling and fiat cultivation
which would give no chance for head
o. water to gather there would be no
need for terraces for We believe ia. the
terraces have caused more gullies than
they have prevented.
But three are limitations to the value
Of the fall ploWing. In the far North.
where the ground remains frozen al.
winter and snow covers the land, the
deep fail ploWing can be made to mellow
the land finely for the spring planting
without any replowing in the spring
ana thus much labor can be saved in the
busy season But in the Middle States
where there is alternate freezing and
thaWing, and snow disappears at times
and IN the South. where freezing at night
generally thaWs the next day, and there
is lar more rain than snow, the leaving
ing of the plowed land bare all winter
viii result IN a great teaching OF nitratcs
from the land ence, while the fall plow-
ing and subsoiling will be of great advan-
tage, they should always be accompanied
With the sowing of some winter cover
crop like rye or wheat or crimson clover,
that viii be at hand to catch the fleet
ing nitrogen, and save it In the form
of organic matter to return it to the soil
III the spring This, of course, involves
the additional labor of rerYowing in the
spring, but it will be labor well expended
and ID the longer seasons of the South
there IS not the same need for spring hur-
~ as there is in the North Fail pioW-
ing, then, we think, should be practiced
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-10-27

lected appearance to the whole place Now
IS the time to get at these things Grub
the whole front carefully, and determine
that next season the growth shall be kept
down. As the young sprouts appear IN
spring It will take but a little while with
the scythc to clip them off, and regular
clipping with the scythe VIII do more
towards banishing the bushes than any
grubblng that is done but once a year
Where the no-fence law is in operation
It IS easy to keep the roadside clean with
the moving machine, and every farmer
who takes any pride in the appearance of
his place will see to this There is a
money value IN neatness, for if Two
places side by side are offered for sale
che neat and clean and the other boi-
dcred with bushes and weeds the clean
farm Will bring more money per acre by
reason OF its appearance. Then if we
add to this some beauty in the planting
OF the front and the approach to the
house with a we'll kept drive and q beau
tlful lawn, we will be adding dollars TO
tbs salable value of the farm at small
cost.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-10-27
Tobacco Pnfts.

The tobacco workers of Durham N c.,
says correspondent, have now formed
union. For quite a year there has been
representative OF the Federation OF Labot
n the city, and he had organized almost
every class of labor. Now there are two
OF these organization and the federation
Will be attempted.
This Journal has said all along that to.
bacco would sell better as the season aG-
vanced. Our predictions are coming true.
Prices have been better lately on all the
markets.-Southern Tobacco Journal. +
would interest the whole State and be OF
great value II the Journal would pub
fish the average prices that prevailed III
October, 1902, and the average price now
prevailing n October, 1908.
Probably not hundred people in At
lanta outside OF those actually engaged in
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-10-27
Ey HARVs JCRDA

Of the plan to store and hold their cotton
instead Of rushing the market, we would
get u cents per pound III less than sixty
days.
HOW OTHERS CAN HOLD.
The above plan IS intended to answer
the request Of my friend who sought in
formation along that line. While it y
true a large majority of cotton producers
would have to borrow money in order to
hold their cotton on account of our bad
system of farming, yet there are thousands
who can store their cotton on their farms
at practically no cost except Tor insur
ance
Cotton can be insured on the farm IN
q gOod building at q cost OF ten cents per
bale per month, which IS less than the
rate charged in local warehouses
l present these figures from actual eX-
my cotton in past years under nearly
every plan ever adopted l am a great
Sdvocate for storing cotton the tar1o
where it was made and selling a portion
of the crop gradually through the entire
year as the money IS needed Cotton
stored or the farm should be housed IN a
good building, insured and properly cared
for to prevent the heavy loss known as
country damage, caused by rotJing and
exposure to weather
Ny advice to farmers VINO are in the
habit of dumping their cotton out in the
weather with only q fence-rail under
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-10-27

at 30 cents per month. s2.40-and interest
month, sos, total S4.48. Cotton would
have to advance 80 points within the six
months period of storage to pay the cost
Of holding and interest on borrowed
money. Cotton IS now selling at nine cents
per pound and the general public believes
that it VIII easily command u cents per
pound by the last Of April if not sooner
HOW IT WILL WORK.
Now under the plan above outlined 4
farmer should store his cotton now at nine
after holding it SIX months. he IS able 10
sell at II Gems per pound, what would
be his gain? The difference in price would
Ee $500 per bale, and deducting the ST.
cost of holding from the $1,000 would leave
a net profit Of $10.52 If ten bales were put
III the warehouse and $1,000 borrowed on
each one according TO the above cdlcuia-
ton the storer would make a net gain
by holding of $105.20. This too after pay
ing up ali charges for stora ge, insurance
and interest on the use of $4,000 per bate
picl1ngs are stored there would be prac
titcally no less IN weight. The first pick
ing should always be sold early en- ac
count of the loss IN drying out We ali
know that cur statple this season i well
worth II cents per pound to the mills
whether we get it Or not.
Suppose farmers should take advantage
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-10-27
FALL FLOWING.

mere are many advantages in ploWlns
l""A late IN the fall for the spring crops
'' 1Ae deepening Of the blowing and the
a"9-o-Ang Of the land is the object, it
.oA be better done then than at any othe''
C"e' for the subsoil is seldom in a state
|L~j admits of the use of the subsoll
~" IN the early spring Whether sub
1o-"hs viii be of advantage or not will
pend On the nature of the soil. A fiat,
navy clay soil that needs drainage VIII
,er pay fcr subsoiing deep, sandy
' does rot need it, But high, rolling
~~1 which Is inclined to wash into gullies.
a. +-- mas q hard clay subsoil right below
t1nary run of the plow, will be ira-
.rt-.''>7Ly improved by a deep loosening o.
2l-. .@ueaolL The red clay upands of tl9'
nave washed into gullies because
~ nave been plowed shallow, and when
~. toIrental rains of the South fall
swallow pIowed soil soon becomes of
f. Amy texture and the only place tor Il
~ Is down hill And down hill :
ieaFlng the red subsoll bare and
-i''s gah that soon dcepens into
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-10-27

good unless we can control our own ac
tions at home. II the farmer does not sue
ceed in his business the merchant VIII
have to 20 to the wall. l say to the far
mers of North Carolina, organize, and let
them be educated, educated to diversity
their crops, and raise everything they con
sumo on their farms. The State OF North
Carolina has lost enough money on the
New York exchange to place a million
dollar cotton mill in every cotton growing
community of North Carolina. The to-
bacco farmer is in the clutches Of the
trust If the tobacco grower would di-
verslfy his crop, the trust would be II
his clutch l know OF a man who lost
heavily on one crop, and ten years after
he diversified his crop he had 81 800 70 his
credit in the bank and owned new home
and farm. The matter with the cotton far
mer of North Carolina IS the fact that
he does not make his supplies at home
If you organize an alliance in North Caro-
lima and educate the farmers TO live with
IN themselves, then they have solved the
problem OF prices, and then. il we wish,
we may join in with our fellow States"
Mr. t. B. Parker stated that l4OCO, 900
demand. In 1856 $685. ,0S7 bales weighing
464 pounds each produced more than two
thirds of the world supply. II is the
purpose of the alliance TO help farmers to
reap this advanced price. we wdns -
get the farmers to profit by the higher
prices but it does no good TO the farmers
if spectators North get fourteen cents 4
pound for cotton. We must hold it for
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-10-27

Lenoir IS per cent Caharru- lcC per
cent
Capt : s. Alexander. Of MeyAl,unlrr
was called upon to speak ana >ld u part
"One great fault find uIth the farmers
is getting at the practical business III
things There are bat two ways Il raise
the price % cotton one j. % corner the
crop with money. and the prlc. goes W
70 fourteen cents per pound Them the
farmers rush their crops 10 the market.
and the price goes down. The market IS
flooded The only place outside 81 that
as 4 means OF protection for the farmers
Is by organization The Farmers Alliance
which | know vas the grdHlcst ,rE8uIza.
tion and most beneficial l ever knew. II
Mississippi several years ago | made a
motion that would solve the cotton prob.
icm, It was that IN July every BODY should
make an estimate Of tie amount al cotton
he would probably make in August
another ana also the amounts he would
sell the number OF bales he would hold
and how long III this manner b. hay
ing an organization in the South which
would meet every bale OF cotton, there
could be no rush upon the market au3
break it down. A committee was appoint
Cd 20 present this motion to the National
Alliance, but it was suffered to be ne
elected, and was never presented This
Is the only practical solution OF the prob
lem ! know.
Gen w. r Cox, Of Edgecombe, said he
thought resolutions did not 60 far enough
IN the United States there is an annua
production of IL coo, 600 bales Of cotton
How much cotton is used IN this country
IN the world? Resolutions do not go fal
enough He suggested that committee
CT Ave be appointed to petition Presiden'
Turner, Of the National Association, tha
convention of cotton men be called to
gether at Memphis to discuss tins grea
question.
Mr. J. II. Currie, Of Cumberland, sal,
/ that he sold his crop straight through 10
! ten cents, to be delivered when he got i
ready. i want TO say to the farmers .
North Carolina that | want education t
begin at home, and resolution can DO n
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-10-27
ROADSIDE BEAUTY.

There is nothing that gives passer-
nv q poorer opinion Of farm than
roadside front encumbered with weed
and scrub nursery On many falm
which is otherwise comparatively clean,
the roadside is allowed to furnish weed
seeds enough annually to keep up the sup
ply of brow sweatiEgs for the next season.
Even where there is some effort TO Keep
the roadside clean it Is common TO let
the whole growth remain until 1ail, Nheh
tho weed seeds are ripe and then nave
cleaning UP which accompishes I'1e
good In travelling through orthern IN
diana we were struck with the beautl'ui
cod on each side OF the railroad me
and inside of the railroad fences. ~
GRASS and weeds were evidently caTefufy
n,oyyn more than once during the sea
con and there was, late IN the fail, Soa
If emerald green which made stsoa6
contras st with the brown and closely
grazed fields on the farms alongside. !.
tai-es little work, II done at the fi9a.
time to keep the roadside IN IRON, -
ones farm neat and showing cnly Go
cod instead of bushes and weeds. me
front Of thousands Of farms N an pai =
of tho country shows growth OF bushes
4bat hide the fields beyond and give ne5
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-10-27

these rtlses aufseiNe-. bc sa~r rN nccA
AAi atr eutti~t ia the pTahi# llHt3 an
to i Nth eg1W Get'rtt.uati'n AaAs .lT
rluc,s i ue.e---trs The ..st...-u lsss
come o-t s3ta estimated tae sta4 t ~ "%
"eo htle~ u ec rush 9i"" tE~ m.t@es AaN
as,etfti TIE spts4.@{"F- An1 thf2 btuft"
Nre N, s. hru Wc sAy than. Be- ehott ,tHu
NJ Ashley Hsm, "a 1hyt.H. waa
called upon IL msko some remarks ga tho
eait"n question IL S-st3
I'll, cotton question 4- i gr,at question.
one winch agttat,s Tie aagId aud -haAcs
up vii street eo.ton crop has mauy
Variations In rs Isle aua r., government
reports il at lt~ best What - th, stua
4on today /, Is t63 a,e uav ta organize
to benefit thu farmer ths year Cotton
has gone down from twelve ia r4kht aa.
>eNcu.tIshths cents r,t r4uua What a
The matter Win H. What .,. t.sa s..
North Carolina +. tL,. average. oi tn,. o,hcr
cotton state The NIL. men Il tho eo4u-
tiy VIII soon uow realize what tle cotton
supply r,slly e ana th,v N.iu bcs4n ~
ouy Thcr, is uat enough T.. go around.
and prices vII l4e There Nsu mat br
NOR, than II 100000 bales tAl- year and
.he world need. more than that Tho
thing Tor The farmers t. ao is ta r.t ae-
ouaintcd With the situation scrm eir.u.
lars around and hold their cotton Asi-
tate The question. Don't hoytu.t. Tho
manufacturers are part II Us. when they
know the real condition they viii be glad
to give ten cents Go home and tell your
paopIc they have thr nricc nf cotton tr
.helr. own hand. If they Will only manage
it"
Secretary OF State ! BRYAN Crime.
said that the mill men believe there E a
the real crop they would gladly hay their
cotton from Us, they would r4thcr. buv it
from us. ana when they lui 10, truth they
vii rush to the market Substantive the
fact that there is short crop. and wc VIII
have price, in our hands. LIST the m,a
mold their cotton ii they u~ bound r.
sell let them store il ia the warehouse
] a. collatcrll This s our salvation IT,
) the history of our nation there his been
only two decades whore cotton brought
less than ten cents 1t IS worth more th4u
ten cents. We cannot raise more oattoa
than is needed 10y the world We have
reached the limit OF our capacity End
out Tho truth. aud | believe Ne ,5n gar
eleven cents for our cotton [ hope some
enc Viii move a resolution which sill br
effective"
Mr Parker offered the following rc-1-
luton. u hich was read. seconded aud
unanimously adopted.
Whereas. From all the tru-'w worthy .n-
.ormation at our command. the present oat.
ton crop If the United State VIII be- -
short ore, not over - per cent 81 last
year S crop iu North Carolina. and VIII not
be enough 10 meet the demands ef tho
trade. and .n consequence of this .hortagc
in the crop the price must advance from
the present price. therefore be ~
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-10-27
Quite q Dlticr ice.

"In the month Of September 1902 the
farmers who sell their toba.oo in Rocky
Mount had been paid ior tobacco gold ia
the warehouses <I72 oeo. IN the month Il
September. 1863, they have been paid
S} 000-a difference Of 1863, 900"
Thus spoke leading farmer from that
section who is attending the Far last
night He did not mean that the differ
ence IN price made 1863 600 difference. but
was speaking TO show how little money
was in circulation among the people be
cause the tobacco trust has put the price
OF tobacco down below the cost Of produe-
ton The farmers are selling their to
bacco. The result Of the low price there
fore seriously affects all sorts of bus.-
ness / asked this farmer If be knew how
much lower tobacco was this year than
last year. Yes, he said. tobacco that
last year brought an average OF ten cents.
now brings from three 10 four cents I
think the price Is, taking all grades OF to-
bacco together, about one-third the price
paid last year The crop is not altogether
as good As last year, but it i not ten per
cent poorer.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-10-27

except on deep, sandy sclis,
but We should always take our climatic
conditions into consideration The pare
cation fields of the South nave lost nearly
as much of fertility III the winter rams
as they have in the growing OF crops.
Fan blowing, like other farm practices,
weeds an admixture of brains with it.