davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1903-07-29
,ORNWELL & CHIPMAN
SPECIAL NOTICE.

Let me furnish your house with the
latest plumbing fixtures, a portable
shower bath. a tile floor for bath room,
or place a DeLery light in your library.
E. F. FREDERICK,
242 Drayton Street. Ga. Phone 1877.
HOW DOES HE DO ITe
Why. he was born in that business,
never anything else. He cleaned this
suit and it's like new. 1 was about
to throw 1t away. Why, yes, and it
is him that is dyeing lace to match
any dress. 1t is all the fad just now.
NEW YORK DYE WORKS.
Whitaker and State.
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1903-07-29
CAPITAL, $250,OOO.OO.
Surplus and Undivided Profits, S245, 10000
The National Bank
of Savannah.

Buys and sells Foreign Exchange
Foreign Coins, and Bank Notes.
Makes Gable Transfers to Foreign
Countries.
Issues Certificates of Deposit payable
at a time specified or on demand Win
out notice, on which 1t allows reas'
enable rate of interest.
Accounts solicited.
Correspondence invited.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07
ENGAGEMENT ANNOUNCED

The engagement is announced from
London of Lilly Leonora Kalaalohio-
kalani Neumann, daughter of Mrs.
Elise Neumann and the late Paul Neu-
mann, to Robert Macdonald Bird, a
member Of one OF England's fine old
families. Miss Nermann is to be mar
ried / nLondon in the coming spring
from the home of Mr.. and Mrs. Alfred
Fowler, 45 Albert Gate, London, S. W.
Mrs. Fowler was formerly Miss Eva
Neumann The BRIDE to-be is the
youngest of the four Neumann girls,
the three eldest having all been mar
Tied here. She was educated in Eng
land, Germany and Belgium, complet-
ing her studies in Brussels. Miss Neu-
mann IL a brilliant pianist and has
had the benefit of extensive travel in
Europe. She was born in Honolulu
ON November Is. 1884, while her father
was a cabinent member under King
Ka1akaua being the Attorney General
of the Kingdom. Her Hawaiian name
Observation-Disclosures given by King
Kalakaua and Queen Kapiolani, who
at the time wished 10 adopt her. She
was a favorite of their late majesties
up to the time of their deaths. Miss
Neumann's fiance Is a graduate of OK
ford and is wealthy.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07
SLIT AGA1Nsr PAIN.

Lille Leonora Neumann has brought
suit against W. H. Pain for an ac-
counting and to declare a trust under
an instrument worded as follows:
Honolulu, November Il, 1895
hereby declare that l hold in trust for
Lille Leonora Neumann the undivided
one-half of the lot decided to me by
John p. Patty and situate on Liliha
street. Honolulu, being the property
sold under sale Of foreclosure by Will
liam Stolz. This declaration is made
in consideration of the payment by
Paul Neumann of the half of the pur-
chase price
"(Signed) w. H. PAIN.
In presence of
Paul Neumann."
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07

used as store-room for the Public
Works department. The maps were
in IT, \. e. Gehr claimed that the
lock and box showed signs Of having
been ampcred with, ana wanted Sup
erinteudent Cooper to include a state
ment of the condition of the box as it
is now I'm the receipt which he asked
Gehr TO give in receiving the box and
maps back. Cooper declined to make
this statement saying that for any
thing he knew the box was i'm the same
condition as when it was received from
Gehr by his department.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07
DIED.

GULICK-Septembe IA, at the home
of Lady Henry Somerset, near LON
don, Mrs. Alice Gordon Gulick, wife
of Rev. William II. Gulick missionary
to Spain. The Rev. William H..
Gulick is son OF the late Rev. Peter
]. Gulick, one of the second group OF
missionaries to Hawaii, and both the
Rev. Mr.. Quick and the late Mrs.
Gulick are well known to many peo-
pie here.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07
HENDRICK SELLS OFT

II. E. Hendrick on Monday sold. out
the bushes sof the Hawaiian Iron
Fence and Monument Company to Carl
NJ. Lovsted for the consideration of
$500. The purchased took possession
and the bill Of sale was recorded yes
terday morning.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07
SIXTH DISTRICT.
Islands Of Kauai and Niihau.

Islands of Kauai and Niihau.
First Precinct-The Island of Niihau.
Second Precinct-That portion of the
District of Waimea extending from the
Third Precinct to the Puuanaaua point.
Third Precinct-That portion of the
District of Waimea extending from
Hanapepe to the boundary line between
Waimea and Kekaha Plantations and
extending along a line in continuation
OF the said boundary to the sea.
Fourth Precinct-From and including
Kalahea to and including Hanapepe.
Fifth Precinct-The District of Ko-
loa from its junction with Lihue to and
including the land of Laval.
Sixth Precinct-The District of Lihue.
Seventh Precinct-Extending from
the land OF Papa to and including the
land of Wailua.
Eighth Notwithstanding from
Kalihiwai River to and including the
land of Papa.
Ninth Notwithstanding from Ka-
lihiwai River to the north boundary OF
the District of Waimea.
IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, have
hereunto set my hand and
(SEAL) caused the seal OF the Terri
tory of Hawaii to be hereto
affixed.
DONE AT THE CAPITOL
in Honolulu this 31st day Of
August, A. d. 1908.
(Signed) SANFORD B. DOLE.
By the Governor,
(Signed) G. r. CARTER,
Secretary Of the Territory.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07
FOURTH DISTRICT.

All that portion of the Island OF oahu
lying east and south of Nuuanu Street
and a line drawn in extension thereof
from the Nuuanu Pail to Mokapu
Point.
First Precinct-All that portion OF
the said District comprised In the Dis
trict of Honolulu and lying east of a
line running from the lon, bridge on
Ala Moana to the north angle of King
and Punahou Streets, the true bearing
being N. 800 go r. thence along Puma
hou Street to the foot of Manoa Road;
thence mauka to and along the western
edge of Manoa Valley to the head of
the same.
Second PreciHct--All that portion OF
the said District lying between the
westerly boundary of the First Precinct
and a line running from the seashore
along Sheridan Street, Piikoi Street
extension and PiilOoi Street to and
along the western boundary of the
Lunalilo Home premises to the south
corner of Kalawahine and along the
eastern boundary of Kalawahine until
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07
LOST MAPS FOUND.

The tin box containing the maps be-
longing to A. C. Gehr and prepared
from the surveys for the Kohala Ditch
proposition have been found. They
were found in the basement of the
Capitol building in one OF the rooms
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07

GETTING MANILA'S LONGITUDE.
The Manila Cable News of Septem-
Der states that Fremont Morse Of
the Coast and Geodetic Survey began
his observations 10 determine the
longitude of Manila. The first mes
sages We're sent over the cable line
the night of September 3.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07

it strikes the western side of the FL {
Precinct at a point about 1400 feet
mauka of Tantalus.
Third Precinct. All that portion of
the said District bounded by the west
erly boundaries of the First, Second
and Eighth Precincts, Nuuanu and
School Streets a line running from the
junction of School and Punchbowl
streets to the old flag pole crest of
Punchbowl and the summit of the
Konahuanui range.
Fourth Precinct-All tn. portion of
the said District bounded by the Third
and Eighth Precincts and Beretania and
Nuuanu Streets.
Fifth Precinct-All that portion of the
said District bounded by the Eighth
Precinct and Beretania, Punchbowl,
King and Militant Streets and the wa
ter front
Sixth Precinct-All that portion of
the said District bounded by Militant,
King, Punchbowl, Beretania and Nuu-
anu Streets and the harbor.
Seventh Precinct-.All that portion of
the said District lying outside of the
District of Honolulu.
Eighth Precinct-All that portion OF
the said District lying between the
westerly boundary of the Second I e.
cinct and line running from the shore
along South, King and Alapai Streets,
and from the head of Alapai Street to
the old flag pole crest of Punchbowl;
thence to and along easterly edge Of
Pauoa Valley until it strikes the. west
erly line of the Second Precinct at a
| point just makai of the hog back at
/ foot of Tantalus cone.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07
THIRD DISTRICT.
Islands OF Maui Molokai, Lanai and
kahoolaWe.

kahoolawe.
Second Precinct-That portion Of the
Island of Molokai excepting Kalaupapa,
Kalawao and Waikolu.
Third Precinct-That portion of West
Maui lying between the lands of Wal
kapu and Honokawai.
Fourth Precinct-That portion OF
West Maui lying between the lands OF
Hanakaoo and Waihee, known as Ka-
anapali.
Fifth Precinct-The Island of Lanai.
Sixth Precinct-That portion of the
District of Wailuku lying west and
northwest of a line running from the
mouth of Wailuiu Stream southerly
along the sand hills to Maalaea Bay
and including the Island of Kahoolawc.
Seventh Precinct-That portion OF the
the District of WailulSu bounded by the
Sixth Precinct, the lands of Pulehunui,
Ke1ialinu, Kailua, HolSuula and Hama
kuapoko and the sea.
Eighth Precinct-All that portion OF
Kula on East Maui lying west of a line
running from Honuaua to the north
boundary of Prlehunui on the line Of
the two hills Pun Kali and Pun o
Koha.
Ninth Precinct-The remainder of
Kula and that portion of Hamakuapoko
lying southwest OF the Maliko Gulch
and mauka OF the Road running from
Kaluanui to the Makawao Jail and a
lime in extension thereof.
Tenth Precinct-The remainder OF
Hamakuapoko and that portion of Ha-
makualoa lying west of the Kahalehaku
Stream.
Eleventh Precinct-That portion Ct
East Maui lying between Halehaku
and Opuola Streams.
Twelfth Precinct-That portion Of
East Maui lying between Opuola and
Kapaula Streams.
Thirteenth Preclnct-All that portion
of East Maui lying between the
Twelfth Precinct and Kipahulu.
Fourteenth Precinct-Kipahulu and
Kaupo.
Fifteenth Precinct-That portion of
East Maui lying between the Four
teenth Precinct and the Eighth and
Ninth Precincts, including Kahikinui
and Honuaula.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07

Kohala, Kona and Kau, Island of
Hawaii
First Precinct-North Kohala.
Second Precinct-South Kohala.
Third Precinct-That portion of North
KOna lying north of the northerly
boundary of Holualoa and line run
ming from the north corner of Holualoa
to the south corner of Puuanahulu.
Fourth Precinct-That portion of the
Second Election District bounded by the
Third Precinct, Hamakua, Kau, the
boundary of Keauhou from Kau to Ho-
naunau, the north boundary of 10
naunau and the sea.
Fifth Precinct-1'hat portion of Soutl.
Kona lying between Keel and Olelo-
moana.
Sixth Precinct-That portion of South
Kona lying between the Fifth Precinct
and Kau.
Seventh Precinct-That portion OF
Kau lying between South Kona and
Punaluu.
Eighth Precinct--The remainder OF
Kau.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07
HOME RULERS.

The Home Rulers will hold rally
this evening at the Queens place, Pa
lama.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07
BYAUTHORITY
Proclamation !!

WHEREAS, Act 81 of the regular SEES
sion of 1903 of the Legislature of the
Territory of Hawaii provides that an
election shan be held on November 3rd.
A. d. 1903, for the purpose of electing
County officers, and that at least sixty
Gays prior to the Bird day of November,
A. D. 1903, the Governor shall issue a
proclamation for such election:
NOW, THEREFORE,, in accordance
herewith, |, SANFORD B. DOLE,
GOVERNOR OF THE TERRITORY
OF HAWAII. hereby give notice that a
special election for County officers of
the several Counties Of the Territory of
Hawaii. will be held on Tuesday, the
3rd day of November, A. d. 1903, be-
tween the hours of 8 o'clock A. NJ. and
o'clock p. NJ, in each County through
out the Territory, except the County of
Kalawao including Kalaupapa, Kala.
wac and Wailolu, on the Island of Mo-
lokai.
The Counties are ms follows:
| COUNTY OF OAfTU:-Including the
Island of Oahu and all other Islands of
the Territory not included in any other
County.
| COUNTY OF Notwithstanding the
Islands of Maui, Molokai, Lanai and
! Kahoolawe and all other Islands within
three nautical miles of the shores there
! of, but not including that part OF the
Island of Molokai known as Kalaupapa,
Kalawao and Waikolu.
! COUNTY OF WEST HAwAIT:-In-
Guiding the Districts of Kau, North Ko-
hala, South Kohala, North Kona and
| South Kona, upon the Island of Ha-
wall, and all other Glands within three
nautical miles of the shores thereof.
COUNTY OF EAST HAwAII:-In-
Guiding the Districts of Hilo, Puma and
HamRkua, upon tine Island of Hawaii
! and all other Islands within three nau-
tical miles OF the shores thereof.
| COUNTY OF Notwithstanding the
Islands Of Kauai and Niihau, and all
other Islands within three nautical
miles OF the shores thereof
County officers to be elected
FOR THE COUNTY OF OAHU.
Seven Supervisors, two OF whom shall
be elected from the Fourth Representa-
| tive District. two from the Fifth Rep
resentative District and three from the
County at large;
! Sheriff, who shall be Coroner, ex Of
! clio:
! County Clerk, who shall be Recorder
ex of1icio;
Auditor;
Assessor and Tax Collector;
District Attorney;
Treasurer. who shall be License Col
lector ex officio;
| Surveyor.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07

Seventh Precinct-That portion of the
First Election District lying between
the Sixth Precinct and the bed of the
Kaula Gulch.
Eighth Precinct-That portion of the
First Election District lying between
the Seventh Precinct and the land OF
Kalopa.
Ninth Precinct-That portion of the
First Election District lying between
the Eighth Precinct and the bed of the
Malanahae Gulch.
Tenth Precinct-That portion of the
First Election District lying between
the Ninth Precinct and Kohala.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07
ST Can't Go

I've such a terrible headache" need
never be said again. DR., Miles Anti
Pain Pills quickly cure and positively
prevent headache and all bodily pain.
No opiates, ncn-laxative, never sold in bulk.
Guarapt eed. a Il druggists. p doses - cents.
DIR. MILES MEDICAL Co, Elkhart, Ind
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07
FIFTH DISTRICT.

All that portion Of the Island of Oahu
lying west and north of Nuuanu Street
and a line drawn in extension thereof
from the NUuanu Pail to MoSapu Point
First Preciuct-All that portion of the
Judicial and Taxation District of Koo-,
laupoko lying west and north of line
drawn from the Nuuanu Pail to Mo-
kapu Point.
Second Precinct-The Judicial and
Taxation District of Koolauloa.
Third Precinct-The Judicial and
Taxation District of Waialua.
Fourth Precinct-The judicial and
Taxation District of Waianae.
Fifth Precinct-All that portion of
the Judicial and Taxation District Of
Eva comprised in the lands of Hoaeae
and honolulu.
Sixth Precinct-All the remaining
portion of the Judicial and Taxation
District Of Eva.
Seventh Precinct-All that portion OF
Honolulu or Kona lying makai of the
King street Road from the Eva line to
the King street bridge and all maulSa
of said Road from the Eva line to the
main Road up Kalihi Valley.
Eighth Precinct-All that portion of
Honolulu or Kona lying mauka of the
King Street Road from the main Road
up Kalihl Valley to Liliha street and a
line drawn from the head thereof in
extension of the line of Judd street, to
and along the ridge forming the wester-
ly border of Nuuanu Valley.
Ninth Precinct-All that portion OF
Honolulu or Kona lying between the
Eighth Precinct and Nuuanu Street,
and mauka Of a line drawn along
School street, the Nuuanu Stream and
Beretania Street.
Tenth Precinct-All that portion OF
Honolulu or Kona bounded by King,
Liliha and School streets, the Nuuanu
Stream, Beretania and Nuuanu Streets
and the harbor.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07

Contractor, Carpenter, Painter. Paper
Hanger. A very nice line Of wall pa
pers on hand.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07
FOR EACH OF THE COUNTIES OF
MAUI, WEST HAWAII, EAST
HAWAII AND KAUAI.

Five Supervisors;
Sheriff, who shall be Coroner ex Of
ficio;
County Clerk who shall be Recorder
eX officio;
Auditor;
Assessor and Tax Collector;
District Attorney;
Treasurer. who shall be License Col
lector ex officio;
Surveyor.
The Registration Precincts are as fol-
lows:
FIRST DISTRICT.
Puma, Hilo and Hamakua, Island of
Hawaii.
First Precinct-All of Puma except
Keaau and Olaa.
Second Precinct-The lands of Keaau
and Olaa.
Third Precinct-That portion OF Hilo
lying between Puma and Ponahawal
Street and Road and the line of its ex-
tension to the sea.
Fourth Precinct-That ortion of Hilo
lying between the Third Precinct and
the Honolii Stream.
Fifth Precinct-That portion OF Hilo
lying between Honolii Stream and the
land of Makahanaloa.
Sixth Precinct-That portion OF Hilo
lying between the Fifth Precinct and
the bed of the Waikaumalo Gulch.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1903-10-07
SECOND DISTRICT.

Kohala, Kona and Kau, Island of
Hawaii
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1903-09-30
A Boys Wild Ride for Life.

With family around expecting him
to die, and son riding for life, Is
miles, to get DR.. Kings New Discov-
cry for Consumption, Coughs and
Colds, W. 81. Brown, of Leesville,
Ind, endured deaths agonies from
asthma: but this wonderful medicine
gave instant relief and soon cured
him. He writes: 81 now sleep sound
ly every night" Like marvellous
cures of Consumption, Pneumonia,
Bronchitis, Coughs, Colds and Grip
prove it's matchless merit for all
Throat and Lung troubles. Guaran-
teed bottles SOC. and $1,00. The
Kaufman Drug Go.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1903-09-30

J. Herbst, said to have many aliases,
are the prisoners. Nilsson has con-
fessed, but Herbst will not admit
that he had any part in the big
swindle.
Postofice Inspector A. E. Germer
has complaints against the two men
from nearly 200 individuals and cor
porations who have lost amounts
ranging from S25 to $4,000. All
these have been victimized since
June 20, when Nilsson opened opera
tions under different names the men
are alleged to have secured at least
$4,000 in the last II months.
This was the mode of procedure,
according to the inspectors:
Nilsson and Herbst would go to a
city and open an Office, engaged
ostensibly in the retailing of metal
ware, novelties, machinery or any
thing which they could secure on
credit.
They would operate under the
name of some firm we'll known to the
business world and il ordering goods
to the value of thousands of dollars
would give commercial agency refer
ences.
After the articles had been received
the bogus company would transfer
the consignments to warehouse
and then ship them to New York,
where they were disposed of through
q ssfence" which has baf1ed the in
spectors for months. When suspic-
ion was aroused the men would flee
TO another city.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1903-09-30
Puhlis hing Court News.
The Fourth Estate,

The Fourth Estate.
If a man gets into court, says the
Binghamton Herald, and the airing
of his private affairs becomes mat
ter Of public interest, he can be
reckoned as nothing but unreasonable
if he finds fault with the newspaper
which prints the court proceedings
in relation to his case. And yet how
many people there are who, getting
into the newspapers after that man
ner, damn the newspapers and their
editors outright.
If people desire to be kept out of
the newspapers they must keep out
of courts and politics. If they get
into court or politics they might as
we'll make up their minds beforehand
that not all the newspaper publishers
will look upon them in just the light
which they (the politicians and the
plaintiffs or the defendants, as the
case may be) think they should.
They must expect that things will
he said about them which are not
pleasant to their ears. If they are
honest men they will accept that
condition of affairs as a matter Of
course.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1903-09-30
70 BAPTIST Women.

Miss Lois Baker, one of our faith
full missionaries of Columbia, S. c.,
will be present at the Association,
which will meet at Red Bank church,
Irene, s. G., on October 9th and 10th,
and will speak to the sisters on Sat-
urday afternoon, the lob, on Wo-
mans Mission Work. We cordially
invite one or more ladies from each
church to come and hear this estima.
bic lady and trust that they will
come. If any sister or brother de.
sires to be met at Lexington station,
write to either of the undersigned.
T. 81. Willisms,
p. W. Burnett,
4S Irene, S. @.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1903-09-30
One Minute CoslghG Cure
For Coughs, Colds and Group.

One Minute Cough Cure
For Coughs, Colds and Group.
A cyclone did $4,000 worth of
damage at Moultrie, Ga, last week,
and fatally injured three persons.
The Turks have destroyed the
Macedonian town Of Kastoria and
massacred 10000 of the population.
If constipated or bilious, call for
Rsmon's Pills; complete treatment
25 doses-25 cents.
Snow, sleet and rain have damsged
crops within the past week in Mime.
sofa to the extent of millions of
dollars.
Though the man who hesitates
may be lost, the one who deliberates
is usually to be found on deck when
wanted.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1903-09-30
Caught at Last.

Chicago, Sept. 24-More than
$4,000 stolen, business houses in
every part Of the United States 7ici-
timized, a bank created, a waiter
risen from poverty to afauence and
an ex-convict again placed behind
the bars-these are the features in
the meteoric career of at least one OF
two men now under arrest in Chicago.
Postofice inspectors made the cap
lures. julius NJ. Nilsson, known also
by q dozen other names, and Arthur
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1903-09-30
a New Jersey Editro's Testi-
monia1,

M. T. Lynch, Editor of the Philips
burg, N. j., Daily Post, writes: II
have used many kinds of medicines
for coughs and colds in my family
but never anything so good as Foley's
Honey and Tar. I cannot say too
much in praise of it." The Kauf-
mann Drug Go.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1903-09-30
Mixed Pickles.

What the fool cannot appreciate be
depreciates.
The iron will of the average man is
nothing but pig iron.
Some men are not fit even for
themselves to associate with.
Bottled Ginger Ale, Ssrsaparilla
Strawberry and Plain Soda on ice at
the Bazaar Fountain.
TIE Alabama Legislature has killed
the dispensery for that State.
In order to acquire wealth the
dentist must keep plugging away.
Secretary Moody wants one hun
dred million dollars for the navy.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1903-09-30

cures made by DR..
Kilmer's S Swamp-Root,
the great kidney, liver
and bladder remedy.
1t is the great medi-
cal triumph of the nine
teenth century; dis
covered after years of
scientific research by
DR.. Kilmer, the emil
nent kidney and blad-