davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-11-29
A COLLECTION OF MANAGERS
One of the Sights in the New Ba- varian National Museum at
 M1uirh

Munich. {4 Emma Ernestine Porter's Christmas
 Managers" in the December Century.
 The great charm of the new Bavarian National Museum of Munich perhaps lies in the fact that it's collections were made first and its building ,afterward. This method has resulted in unusual harmony and surprises at every turn. The archi- tect has planned arches to be borne b. stone columns from early Roman Bavaria and rooms to be ceiied by genuine panels from the Middle Ages; he has cut door, ways to it the worn doors at his conn mand, and has built vauited chapel te hold the wealth of ecclesiastical treas. ures.
 Among the many individual coIIectiory of the museum. by far the most original is the so-called "Krtppensammiung." or collection of managers. To the ears of or nothing, and seems to be a more ap- propriate department for a County fair than for an art museum. But the Ro- man Catholic Church, in its constant ap- peals to the eyes and ears of It's followers has. through long centuries. invented some very beautiful methods of teaching little children, as we'll as those children of an older growth. the unlettered and the untaught. Thus 1t is that the Holy Sepulcher Is still built on Good Friday in many foreign churches. while on Christ. mas eve the story of Holy Night Is repv resented to the eye by a group of little figures gathered about a manager.
 Whoever has happened on such a scene at Christmas-time in a Catholic church in our own country has doubtless been more impressed with the originality of the method than with any artistic merit in the figures. but in the land of artists across the sea. much skill and beauty have been wrought into the little Christ mas managers. These have been a part of the equipment of churches and mon- asteries for centuries, but in times of disestablishment and poverty many of them were scattered abroad. About a thousand have been gathered into this Schmeder Collection at Munich, which
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-11-29

Copyright, 1908, by Frank c. Carpenter.)
 London. John Bull is the modern sinbad the Sailor The hero of the Arabian Nights was loaded down with the one Little Old Man of the Sea. Jehn BrA has eight black. brown, yellow or white Jumps of humanity on his shoulders to every man. woman and child in Great Britain. and his colonies cover the globe. He Is the boss colonizer of the nations. the boss land-grabber and people-grabber, In one way or another he has gotten a title to one-hfth of the land on the earth's sur. face, and he governs more than one-ffth of all the worlds people.
 British Money in Colonies.
 It costs John a pretty penny to keep UT bis outside establishments. He has an
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-11-29

itors. the interval from one maximum to
 the next being about eleven years. and this result was soon after corroborated by an examination of ali preceding sun spot records. These maxima howeve1 vary greatly in the number of stun spots
 that represent the climax of different sun spot periods and the period itself ts by
 no means fixed and certain. although it
 has often been so considered by the hdvo- cates of direct relation between the sun spots and various terrestrial phenomenA. It is only by the exercise oS consider able ingenuity that the bulk of these re- lations have been maintained, even in theory. The foundation of such theories Hes obviously enough in the question ais to whether the presence of spots on tho
 sun detract from the heat and light or dinarily smanating from that body and so immediatiy influences the weather and crops of our own planet. Such an infiu- ence could only be shown by series of deadly parallels, in avery literal sense. between the presence of spots on the sun and the occurrence of bad harvests. pane les. ahipwrecks. suicides. and other dis
 astrous what not on our own planet. something over ao,000000 miles distant And in the first place. without going into
 the scientific details there are three dlx~
 tinct opinions regarding the sun spots and the heat and light of the sun; frst, that the spots show great activity in tho sun and. therefore. increased heat-emit- ting power; second, that they decressa
 the amount of heat available for xadia@ ton and so diminish the heat rays; third.
 that the effect of the spots is counteract-
 ed by other causes arising at the s1n1e
 time. and. therefore, so far as any change
 in the amount of heat received by the
 earth is concerned, they produce no ef-.
 feet whatever.
 Granting. however, that they do affect the heat of the earth. there has been evolved no completely convincing parallel between the sun spots and our own weather and crops. As in the case of Sir William Herscheps famous comparison between the sun spots and the price Of wheat during a certain period there have have been many curious coihcidences, which however are evidently more coin- cidentai than real in view of the fact that the great number of other causss affecting like conditions make it fmpos- sible to place any definite responsibility
 on the sun, and the observers themselves
 have turned up conflicting evidence. As
 one astronomer has recently said. it
 would be quite possible. given sufficient
 study, to establish an apparent connec-
 ton between the planets and the rise
 and fall of any given railroad stock. the
 relative numbers of Democratic and Re@ publican Congressman from year to yes
 or almost any thing else with which
 heavenly bodies have as little to do. T
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-11-29
JOHN BULL, THE
 MODERN SINBAD
He Is Loaded Down With the Burden of the White
 Man.

the Gold Coast province, on the land be- hind 1t, Is not quite so large as Minnesota. Sierra Leone is four times as large az Massachusetts, Gambia is as big as Porto Rico, and Egypt with the scudan. gov erned by the English. has 100000 square miles, or one-third as much territory as the United States proper.
 Great Britain's New African Rail-
 roads.
 These States are scattered throughout the continent and the English are plan ming railroads for nearly all of them. The greatest enterprise is to extend the rail- road from Cairo to the Cape, but there are also many minoF lines. Tn Lagos. of the west coast. road 125 miles long has been constructed. 1t cost five million dol lars, or about ,s4o.ooo mile. Other roadi
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-11-29

are now being laid out on the mainland just opposite, and also in the Gold Coast nearby.
 In Nigeria roads are planned from the coast to the interior. This country Is one-tenth the size of the United States and has connection by caravan with the Mediterranean through the Desert of Sa- hara, and also by the Niger with the sea. It has a large population. and a railroad will open up considerable trade. The Germans, French and Belgians are also building railroads inland from the West African coast The English are making wagon roads, and are extending their tel egraph lines.
 The New South Africa.
 South Africa is rapidly growing. It has had a boom since the close of the Boer war. A large number of new settlers have come in and new towns are going
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-11-29

of track will connect with Albert Ny anza and its 190 miles of water commu- nication. landing passengers at Dufile on the Nile On the Nile a hundred mics or so of railroads will be necessary to pass some of the upper rapids and cataracts. and then there will be 1000 miles of nav igation to Khartum. Indeed, I am told that an additional 1900 miles of railroad would i'll in all the breaks in steam transit from the Mediterranean to the Cape.
 What African Roads Cost.
 Cecil Rhodes estimated that SO.oOo ,OOO would pay the actual cost of completing the all-rau route to the Mediterranean sea. He figured that the road could be built for S15OO0 mile. which was the
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-11-29


 long to the Germans, cutting their lands in East Africa. The remainder will be entirely British, or under British con trol.
 One-fourth of the new construction will be along navigable waters. and it needs only 1,5OO miles more track to enable one to 80 by steam on cars and boats from one end of Africa to another.
 At present trains go from Cape Town to Buluwayo, or just about as far as from New York to New Orleans. From there 1t is $50 miles to Lake Nyassa. which is $40 miles long and is navigable for steam CTS. Goods and passengers can be trans ferred to the lake and carried to it's up- per end, where a railroad 1S0 miles long will bring them to Lake TanganyiIxa, giv- ing 400 miles more of nav1gable water communication on that lake
 From the top of Tanganyika 300 miles
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-11-29

up in the Transvaal. Orange Free State and in Rhodesia. New railroads are under construction, and there Is steady growth in commerce and trade. The i'm ports from the United States are increas- ing. and they now amount to tens of millions of dollars a year. We are sup plying many of the locomotives. cars and steel rails for the new roads. Our steel dumping coal cars are being used. and our wagons are doing the treking over the high plains. American blows are coming in, and a great deal of the clear ing is being done with American axes.
 Future African Cities
 The towns of South Africa have all modern improvements. We sold 5000 arc and innandaaoSnA lamna to ana city quite
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-11-29

recently, and the larger places offer a market for our street car equipments. The countries are new and many Of them are being settled by Europeans. who have the same wants that we have, creating a demand for our goods
 The trade towns are rapidly growing, and there will soon be substantial cities in the south central part of the continent. Take Buiuwayo. It has now more than 5000 people, and it waxes like green bay tree. It is almost 1.400 miles from Cape Town, but 1t has banks, clubs. public buildings and hospital It has daily newspapers with telegraphic news from all over the world, and as the capi- tai of Matabeleland it promises to be a good-sized city. It Is the same with Salisbury. the principal town fin Mashona- land. Its population at the last hearing was about two thousand, and 1t had already a race course, turf club. good hotels. a public library and daily and weekly newspapers.
 British Developments in East Africa
 The great railroad development of the next lew years is to be in East Africa.
 There are already extensive roads at the
 northern and southern ends of the conti-
 nent. and these will be connected by the
 line from Cairo to the Cape. About half of. the way has already been covered and
 the total distance will be only 5000 miles rian Railroad, with it's Manchurian con-
 nections. Of. this only TOO miles will pass through foreign territory. That will oe-
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-11-29
vaal. about which so much has been writ ten within the past few years.
 Lold and Copper.

Jold and copper.
 The mineral wealth of the English pos sessions in Africa is enormous. There are big coal mines back of Durban. and the gold mines vie with Australia and tho United States as the greatest pro- ducsrs of the world. Many of the colo nies have not been prospected as yet. and there are already 5000 square miles of gold fields being worked by 300 differen, companies and syndicates. Uganda, which lies north of German East Africa, be- tween Lakes Victoria and Albert Nyanxa. Is said to have gold. iron and copper In paying uuantitie. The state is about as big as Kansas and Is now reached by railroad from Mombasa. The English capital Is Entebbe. on the northern shore of Lake Victoria.
 There Is gold in the British colonies of West Africa, new fields having been re- gently opened up at Ashanti. There are said to be old mines in Rhodesia, which are now to be reopened and the Trans vaal alone can produce s5o.ooo.ooo or s6o.- o0o.0C0 worth of gold.
 Frank c. Carpenter.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-11-29
No chocolates for sinears.

The diet of singer has to be as carefully considered and limited as that of an athlete in training. Mime. Melba is devoted to sweets but she never allows heI self one; Mime. Nor dica confesses to sometimes having a perfectly childish craving for an abundant feast of sweets and pastries. yet she denies herself both.
 Mme Calve once expressed a longing for a big. rich. bearty wo. kman's dinner. Mime Patti has sacrificed practically everything to her voice, and she says. that she owes tls p. .eservation to the fact that she never for ons moment forgets that she Is a singer
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-11-29

The oil of lnsincerlty is more to be dreaded than the vinegar Of Vituperation.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-28
Dollar Wheat a Dream.

The northwest is indulging in dreams of dollar wheat, but these dreams have no more to rest upon than others dreams usually have There has been no failure of crops either at home or abroad. The crop at home will not equal that of last year, but it will be fully up to the average crop of the last ten years, and it will enable exporters to send large quantity abroad. It is in other words a fairly good crop-not bumper crop, but one that will afford a handsome surplus for export.
 But Europe will not need a vast quantity of wheat this year. The latest reports show that the British crop is improving The French crop will be 335,000,000 bushels, or above an aver age crop. The German crop will be up to the average of the last ten years, Hungary reports crop of 145,- 100000, which is above the average amount of the last three years, and all reports from Russia point to a satisfactory product All reports from Europe are favorable, and this condl. tion may be extended to India and Ar gentina.
 The surplus of this country cannot be marketed on the basis of dollar at home, unless indeed a great Eu- ropean war should spring up in the Balkans or in Manchuria, neither of which is likely to occur. Eighty cents in Chicago is more probable price for wheat, and the farmers in the northwest who hold their wheat in order to get dollar a bushel for it will wish in the spring they had sold it in the fall
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-28

of the state accepts. To break uni formity at Mobile would be to set a dangerous precedent, and the Age-Her- ald hopes the request of the superin- tendent of the Mobile schools will be rejected. Mobile already receives moneys that no other county receives, thereby making all other counties con tribute towards the support of its schools, and it should not be permit ted to mar textbook uniformity in the state. The books that are good enough in sixty-six counties of the state are good enough in Mobile coun- ty, and uniformity should be maintain ed at all hazards. Uniformity is the keystone and all the rest of the arch of the new law.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-28
BAVARiA'S CRAZY PRINCES.

From the Chicago Record-Herald.
 Bavaria has in the past been noted for it's crazy princes. It has had several of them for rulers and there have been oth- CTS who have merely hung around the Bavarian court doing queer things at the general expense of the people.
 A dispatch from Berlin tells of the strange doings of Prince Ludwig Ferdi- nand of Bavaria He is a nephew of the regent, and instead of living an idle or absolute life, as becomes a scion of roy atty he has become practicing physi- elan, and is, besides. musician of con- siderable ability. Speaking about him. self to a correspondent the other day the prince said:
 q go to the Prince Regent theatre every morning and take part in the rehearsal I find that submitting myself to the sharp discipline of the director is amusing rather than depressing. After leaving the re- hearsals I occupy myself until o'clock in attending my patients and fulfilling my duties as doctor. Then I must go off to the theatre and play in the orchestra"
 Other princes. who are permitted to live in splendid style at the public's expense instead of doing things to justify their existence, will be likely to conclude with sorrow that the old strain of insanity is still manifest in Bavarian royalty.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-28
Additional Cardinals.

Tt Is said that Archbishop Ireland of St. Paul and Archbishop Farley will each be raised to the cardinalate at the first consistory held by Pope Plus X.," re- marked a well informed layman.
 These reports will doubtless be repeat ed periodically, but not until the con sistory meets will it be known whether or not these red hats are coming. Several times within the last five years the New York Herald and other great papers have had specials from Rome stating that two new American cardinals were to be ere ated. But Archbishop Corrigan of New York died without being made a member of the sacred college, and the chances are now that if Cardinal Gibbons is to have colleague it will be Archbishop Chapelle of New Orleans. The time will come no doubt when the United States will have number of cardinals, but that time may be long deferred"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-28
Freight Rates on Iron.

The traffic managers of the rail- roads in this district meet in this city next week to consider the application of the furnace operators for a restora- ton of former rates on iron to points north of the Ohio river. The rate to large markets open to competition from western and Pennsylvania fur naces is now about fifty cents higher than 1t was one year ago when No. 2 foundry was worth $22 a ton. It is now worth SIP ton, and the demand for 1t is light. Instead of moving train loads of it, it is accommodating on the yards in this district, where there Is now at least 100000 tons of it, and where there will be 100000 tons of it if relief in rates be refused.
 The matter is plain as a nose on ones face. The rate to Cleveland, for example, is s4.35. This rate added to the f. o. b. price at Birmingham, makes $16.35, and western iron is sell ing in Cleveland at $15.50. A reduc- tion of fifty cents in rates to points north of the Ohio river would give this district an opportunity to compete with furnaces ip other districts
 The traffic managers of the rail roads are clear-headed, practical busi- ness men, and they can see how traffic can be gained as we'll as the next man. The question will come up on a strictly business basis, and what is good for the operators Is good for the railroads, and vice versa As soon as the traffic managers see with their own eyes the accumulation of iron in this district, they will assured ly do their part in moving all such accumulations and in preventing more of the same sort in the future. Any thing that is a help to this district is necessarily a help to the railroads that draw business from it, and mutual CO., operation is all that is needed in order to solve the problem that at present confronts this district.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-28
REGENERATION AS IT IS
 IN JEFFERSON. CITY, MO.

From the Kansas City Star.
 T will be interesting to note which
 stimulus to the spiritual regenera- ! ation of the capital of Missouri will be nose effective-poker or legislative boodling. Speculation on that point has been suggested by the recent activity of the local churches, consequent upon the fragrant indecency of the last legislature. force the reactionary wave of morality will gain from the iniquity of the bood- lers. Of the vitalizing power of poker as an aid to sanctifcation there is no lon ger any question.
 It is recalled that by far the most en- thusiastic and widespread revivals among the Jefferson City religionists have dated their beginning and gained their impetus from the games in Holly's and Cal Speedy's old time places There Is something so complete and enduring in the conversion of an inveterate poker player thatit may be strongly doubted whether an official boodler's, polite re- nunciation of sin is evenly approximately sincere.
 There Is usually circumstance con- tributing to indelible conviction which moves the card player to contrition. When. for instance, one of the profess sional habitues of "Holly's" was forced to give up a jackpot because the packs had been changed between deals and he held three blue .'angel backs and two red bicycles there wasn't the shadow of doubt that the next revival would show one poker player convert. The pre- diction was verified and the man who had lost the jackpot is now preaching up in Iowa.
 However, much greater results follow ed a quiet social" game, where a law yer from neighboring town was fieeced unmercifully. The lawyer was quite character in his way. He had a long red beard. which gave him the title of the "old red fox" While a particularly exciting hand" was in progress tile 'red fox" let fly his tobacco juice on the chips in the middle of the table. There was a protest. and the lawyer explained to use the cuspidor it had cost him s25. Some one had stolen his stack of ''blues." A free fight followed. and the churches gathered in six or seven of the players and spectators.
 Some of them joined the Methodists
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-28
ACCURACY, FRESHNESS.

From the Western Electrician.
 Accuracy should be the watchword of the School of Journalism which is to be established at Columbia University by the generosity of Joseph Pulitzer. who has donated s2.OOO,OOO for the purpose. The prime requisite of a newspaper is to print the news-not guessed-at or might-be news, but the real news-the accounts of things that have happened or prepara- tions for events that are expected to take place or the record of actual opinions ex- pressed in interviews. The newsgatherer should be impressed with the necessity of getting at the real facts and setting them forth clearly and truthfully If. in addi- tion, the writer has brisk, pleasant style. and can make his story interesting, with a keen appreciation of any real-not forced-humorous possibilities that may inhere in 1t, so much the better.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-28
Uniformity Should Be Maintained,

At length the state textbook law is to go into effect Old books are to be exchanged for new, and every facility is to be provided for completing the transaction. To the firm of Loveman, Joseph & Loeb of this town is entrust- ed the sale or exchange of books in thirty-eight counties above Montgom- cry, leaving twenty-nine to be supplied from the state depository in Mont
 emery itself.
 |. ,wrhaps the best feature of the new bill Consists of it's universality within state liness The book that child han dles in the largest town will not diff fer from the book handled by child in the most sequestered district in the state. The little country schools will gain more largely through this plan than many of us at present know or appreciate. Heretofore the far-back rural school has had in many in- stances such a bewildering variety of text books that classei could with diff faulty be formed. One rural district in Jefferson county has harbored a geography on the maps of which Bir- mingham did not appear. It was a geography printed since the war. too B geography not over thirty years old. All such text books will disappear, and instead there wln be from one end of the state to the other uniform and excellent text books, obtainable at reasonable prices.
 Mobile, it is true, has applied for permission to dep- . from the terms of the law. Mobile is not so fine it cannot use the text books that the rest