The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1903-03-29

til also alleged thai the hardness incr...
Win soooeedlng generations and that ths
nocis which have inhabited such resi ,ns
wool than did their snSsstors .. a a. 3.
newcomers"
The deteriorating effect Of an Indian
climate on dogs y well known. HounSs
seem to degenerate most rapidly Of all
t wnts E,eyso'Snds and pointers s.o DE-
b, Dr: Faiooner that bulldogs not t' orI1
fall Oh, after two or three generations. Il
pluck aod ferooity. but lose the undes.
hung character Of their lower laws; thei,
muzzlee become finer and their bodss
lighter: ne also mentions a case Of 4
fectly resemble their Scotch parents. ~.
eral ltterS we're raised from them In Deihi.
but none Of the young dogs obtained ~.
sembled their parents In size or make.
their nostrils being more contracted, tbeif
der and their size inferior. On he cosS
Of Guinea. dogs. acoording TO Bosnau.
alter strangely, their ears arow long sn1
stu. like those Of foxes, to the color On
WHICH they airo incline. N that In three
or four years they. degener ate into very
their barking turns into . howl Darwin
considered that this tendsncy 10 rapid
Deterioration on the part o. Europeas
doEs when transported TO hot oIi1,stss
might % largely. attributed 70 reversion.
The author Of this book deens Il mora
direct and cumulative effects q changed
TSs oun ii I've sa.c. Of condition. os
life Ia admitted even by Weismsnn. IN the
case Of the butterfly, PolyommatMs phiads.
Th NJ, 6uttsr dr occurs q s, rsddisa soid
Of similar ATTITUDES, but Is q much darksr
variety 10 more southerly COUNTRIES, lsS
Italy and Grecoe. Though these forms
can be more or less Transmitted into essA
other by suitable exposure Of the ,pupe
hat from dsr%sn pun he oOud nsTs1
obtain butterflies 80 dark Is the darkest
forms OF the southern variety, while from
Neapolitan pups he could never got then
30 light as the ordinary German variety.
II seemed to him, therefore. that 'ths
to gradual cumulative I influence Of IS
climate, the slight effects Of one summer
or winter having been transmitted and
added TO from generation TO generatjon.s
Weism,nn explains this case OF apparsu1
transmission OF acquired characters BY
Affects the detcrrninants Of the wingscalss
contained In the gsrm-plasm.. - we'll -
more markedly influencing the dsterml.
nants Of the rudimentayy wings in the ohrys-
ais. Moreover, be suggests that in many
otn0r eniIueis ano paents mHuenCs~ Oh V0uss
perature and environment may very POI
sibly produce permanent hereditary vsria.
lions In . similar manne.s
II seems TO DR.. Vernon that this sus.
gestion OF Wetsmann's contains the germ
OF an ides which further observation and
mental importance In evolution. He doss
not claim that the Idea 10 . new one, but
thinks that Il has probably occurred indspsn.
IDENTIFY to many writers. So faras he kDows.
II was nrst suggested by Cation vhen
he theory Of her.ditZ, 70
4 resemblance. Thus Cation concluded
that we are almost justified In reservinG
our belief that the somatic, or body. cells
can react on the sexual elements, !, O..
that acquired characters can be Inherited;
pSstSn ~ sh.r BSns asspiS eaS
More recently Cope has embodied the idea
In his theory OF diplogenesis. Thus b
says, Nov. since the somatic cells develop
The notifications which constitute evolu-
ton In their. subsequent growth into
iuctive cells which experienced similar
Influences should not develop similar
characters 20 soon ~ they also are pre-.
Dared to grow into organs: The effects o.
Use and disuse are twofold, viz: the shect
olasm. The character must be potentially
loquired by the germ plasma. a. well -
actually by the soma.
It seems 70 DR.. Vernon that. In order
o account for the numerous instances Of
= ss s1scs: o. t
and reason that the germ
,lasm is directly affected. ~ well - The
,ody tissues. These apparent instances
4 the inheritance Of acquired charectsn
re- N N r ,S nothing ns o. The S ~ A.
hange Of environment simultaneously
nth the body Tissues. A. weismann
'oints out. . necessary coroIlary 20 this
lew Is sthe assumption OF maternl d.
crminants which exist In the Gsrm plasm
o another. II change Of environment
cts cumulatively on the heece Of ths sheep.
r. the structural characters Of . dog. u
ollove that " must In each OF the nTot lev
act also on the. 'dstermtnnnse
UGH specific characters. he sitsct pro,
uced on such determinants In the hrst
eneration must serve more or les a Q
tarting point for the environment to work
pom still further In the next eensrstion.'
Through what agency Is the environment
nsbled TO act on the germ plasmf To our
uthor the only conceivable agency v
inhuence. through products al
,etabolism and specific internal srcr~tions.
physiological research In the last few year
~ btoWu that tuost " oIHaths
issues Of the body have spccinc internal
,cretions. which. passing Into the general
REGULATION. may exert IN tn0uence OF vital
Importance on the anperal metabolism OF
ne organism. Whenever Q changed en-
ironment acts upon ths organism. then 10
lay TO some extent Affect tbs normal ~.
retions and secretious at son,s or ell OF the
arous Tissues. and tlsees may react not oaly
q ths Tissues themselves, but also. 70 q
's~sr degree, upon the 'dsferninant
'presentins them In tbs g~rin plasm
u 70 obvious thai. on the spscihc secre-
on hypothesa. only Q certain class Of 90
uired ohAracssrs can be In any deGres
srtabis: only those. In fact, al which
Ae oorespoadinG ttssues pos-sss Z specthe
'cr.tton or oxcsstloa. espshls q seiing
3e00osily on tlss 'determinsn is' 81 such
soes In the germ plssm tof in-tAaoe.
v blacksmith oaAnoi trah~snii he bra~pr
I'm W any daGrs~ ~ his deso~ndAnis.
J 70 soarosiy po~sal'ls thsi che srn
'uscles can have . ->oretioa diGssent
on thai NJ the othsf nlsclss az tbs tsody.
y slss msnifesf thai on this hypothasls
v ksuiAbLsas.s ~ ,avsiisiiens sad la
1ssi.is thai sssh era AZ :Lis 90 ,hs ssSv
sAch hANes should have . sps,ass s-soss'
~, sad De, ~ ,hjply "a u b, chsAs.
z iis ssassslss. sl.suld ~ sass ss Ssfss
l. 49,. .s,: - = 49,. 80. .ia =, ne s
tls s4SprnS Hoe, ,i.sa, 10 u p<ssfAs
ssas ~ ..hsalsa tAls'iss s.rA o.