davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25
Polnt. ON Pe.eh orehardIno.

Points on Peaeh orchardln0.
n. L. Doan: reach trees In our
locality Jacksonville. nlinois), make
. stronger growth than they do In
Georgia and make larger trees. the
soil being stronger. 90 through the
peach country In that state every
winter and notice the difference. The
methods Of pruning peach trees are
the occasion Of much discussion
amongst growers. The difference OF
opinion turn chiefly about three prac-
tees: Short trunks with rapidly ~
cending branches. high trunks with
moro horizontal branches. and short
ening In or heading back the an
nual growth. Each system has dis
tinct merits for particular cases. The
nature and fertility of the soil are
often the denominating factors IN
these opposing methods: . system OF
pruning which suits the slow growth
and hard wood Of sandy soil may not
be adapted to the rapid growth and
heavier top Of trees ON stronger sou.
We plant one year old trees topping
back from Is inches to 2 feet. getting
our trees headed low. The first SIX
weeks after growth begins the trees
should be gone over frequently to rub
Oh all sprouts that are not needed.
Four or i've are left to form the main
branches: these should be evenly dis
tributed. Three or four feet OF new
growth for each branch the nrst year
is considered fair. The first pruning
occurs the following winter. cutting
back from one-half to . third Of the
previous years growth. The low
trunk permits . more open top ana
this IL IN advantage a. the fruit col
ors up better. One reason for head
ing back is the necessity Of checking
the growth and keeping the tree
within bounds when 1t is growing IN
strong soil. Heading in the branches
tends % make thick topped tree. The
best growers give attention to cut
ting out the improbable wood from
the center of the trees. The pruning
may be made . thinning process.
There Is . very general neglect IN
thinning fruit. 1t should be . rule
that NO two peaches should stand
closer on the same branch than nve
inches. The fruit from well thinned
trees usually sells for twice n much
as that from overloaded trees and the
vicor Of the tree Is conserved at the
same time. There are two rules to
observe In thinning: First, removal
OF injured or inferior fruits, second.
allow no two fruits to stand closer
together than the distance which has
been decided upon. The time to thin
is when the peaches are threeeighths
OF an inch In diameter; ut this size
they are likely to remain on the tree.
the May drop being over. This meth
cd Of pruning and thinning prevents
the trees from breaking.
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25
FIG. 2. SPARROWS FEEDING ON
GRASSHOPPERS.

FIG. 2. SPARROWS FEEDING On
GRASSHOPPERS.
considered a friend to the farmer.
The most effective remedy is the
fall plowing Of stubble. or the early
blowing Of the same in the spring.
before May 10. But in the infested
areas all the farmers must cooperate.
IL one farmer plows and his neighbor
does not, the work OF the first Is
thrown away. Young hoppers. while
very small. before they are large
enough to avoid the plOw. may be
plOwed under II is advisable in this
case to begin at the edge of the field
and plOw towards the center.
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25
News From the Stations and Colleges.

News From the Stations and Colleges.
Prof. A. T. Wiancko. instructor OF
agriculture in the University of Ne
braska. has resigned, and will go to
the Indiana Experiment Station.
Professor r. s. Macintosh, assist
ant horticulturist Of the Minnesota
station. has been elected professor of
horticulture in the Alabama Agricul-
tural College.
Cornell University is about to lose
it's old professor OF chemistry, G. Z.
Caldwell. who will retire with q pen
sion. He has been professor of chem
istry there since 1868.
The Arizona Agricultural College IS
to have as professor of Animal Hus-
bandry T. F. Mcconnell. who has been
engaged in the same department Of the
Wisconsin Agricultural College
Prof. H. A. Huston. for many years
director of the Indiana Experiment
Station. has resigned to take a posi-
ton with the German Kali Works. He
is to have charge of their st. Louis
Office.
Prof. John W. Gilmore has become
agriculturist at the Cornell Expert
ment Station. He has just returned
from the Philippine Islands. where he
had been engaged in agricultural work.
He taught agriculture in China for
two years.
Prof Kenyon l.. Butterfield has been
elected president Of the Rhode Island
Agricultural College. He was for
merly superintendent of Michigan
Farmers Institutes, and has been more
recently an instructor in the Univer
sity Of Michigan.
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25


From Farmers Review: In the
February IL number Of the Farmers
Review ! notice that we are misin-
formed In regard to the width of
what is called the Michigan peach
belt. You say that 1t is confined to
a strip about 10 miles wide; adjoin-
ink lake Michigan and to sandy and
sandy loan soils. Now that may be
the case in certain parts of the fruit
belt. running as 1t does from st. Jo-
seph in the south to Grand Traverse
in the north: but here In the Grand
river valley successful peach culture
is carried on for thirty or more miles
back from the lake. Neither is Il
confined to sandy soils; as We have
thousands of acres of peach orchards
on clay and clay loan soils producing
as fine peaches as can be grown in
the state. To give your readers some
idea of the truth of this statement
will say that our beautiful city of
Grand Rapids is situated about TWEEN
ty-five miles from the lake, and peach
es are drawn to that market from one
to twenty miles In nearly every d.
rection: and as high as 1,5OO loads
of peaches have been counted through
the market gates before z q. m. in
one day. to say nothing Of the hun
dreds of loads that were drawn to
the freight houses and commission
houses during the day; besides car
loads and carloads that were shipped
from the many stations outside of the
city. The prospects are fair for the
coming crop up to this time. Febru-
ary 16, as we have had no zero
weather at this point until last night,
when the thermometer registered S
below.-Wel!s Parish, Ottawa County,
Michigan.
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25

The Late Rear Admiral Robinson.
Eander, in August, 1893, and being
promoted to the rank of commander in
March, 1895, and that of captain in
June, 1898. His last active service
was at Morris Heights. N. Y, as in
spector of torpedo boat machinery.
Sept. 21, 1901. he was placed on the
retired list, with the rank of rear ad-
miEal.
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25
The Fighting at AIlatoona.

THAT reminds me-" said Capt.
Stone, "of an experience I had, not
long ago. down in Georgia. I was
making the rounds of our old battle
fields and left the train at Allatoona
to look over the fighting ground at Al
latoona Pass. where Gen. Corse held
the fort The station agent eyed me
q minute, and. noticing my Grand
Army button, came to me, introduced
himself as Capt. McDaniels of the
Confederate service, and said he
would be glad to show me over the
scene of what he regarded as the hot
test and sharpest battle of the war, If
not in all history. It was In truth q
fierce fight, and no one can under
stand why it was so until he looks
over the ground and remembers that
In this pass the very flower Of the
two armies met in . fierce struggle.
In which neither meant to yield.
"Cariously enough. McDaniels' rec
allections of the fight centered on two
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25
A Doubtful Method.

At q farmers institute a speaker
said: ventilation is a subject of
much discussion and experimentation; !;
but no ventilator has ever been in
vented that will change with the
weather,-as is necessary in ventilat.
ing a hen house. So. as the attendant
must do it, the simplest way will be
found the best, ard this is to depend
entirely upon the windows. On all
pleasant days in the winter. when
iowls are confined, the windows are
opened sufficiently to give the fowls
nearly as much sunlight and fresh air
as they would get out of doors. At
night the windows are closed, and the
fowls do rot suffer for fresh air until
morning"
We very much doubt the soundness
of this advice. Open windows and
doors on some days are fruitful
sources of colds and catarrhal trou.
bles. It is far better to adopt scien-
tific method of ventilation and depend
on it whenever the poultry house has
to be tightly closed.
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25
Didn't Know His Own Son.

During the battle of Antietam, one
of the bloodiest in the civil war, there
had been a sharp engagement of ar
tillery and the Confederate battery
from Rockbridge, Va; was standing
waiting orders when Gen. Lee rode
by and stopped a moment. A dirty
faced driver about II said to him:
General. are you going to put us
in again?"
Think of such a question from such
a source to the general of the army,
especially when that generals name
was Lee.
"Yes, my boy" the stately officer
kindly answered. Il nave to put You
in again. But what is your name?
Your face seems familiar. somehow"
Il don't wonder you didn't know me,
sir" laughed the lad. I'm SO dirty.
But I'm Bob"
1t was the generals youngest son,
whom he had thought safe in the Vir-
ginia Military institute. God bless
you, my son; do your duty" and the
general rode on.
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25
Guernsey Breeders Association.

Guernsey 8reederS NSSociatIon.
The Guernsey breeders of the
United States held meeting in Mad.
ison, Wisconsin. recently. and elected
the following officers: President,
Chas. Solveson, Nashotah, Wjscon-
sin; vice president. J. w. Perkins,
Kansas City. Missouri; second vice
president, F. w. kimball. Austin,
Minnesota: third vice president. John
C.. Chalmers, Ann Arbor. Michigan:
secretary-treasurer, Chas. L. Hill.
Rosendale, Wisconsin: additional
members Of the executive committee.
w. Nichols. Trempeleau. Wisconsin:
M. d. Cunningham. Kansasyi!!e. Wis
consin.
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25
Prominent Veteran Dead.

TOS"S vSsSS0' oS
Rear Admiral Lewis w. Robinson.
U. s. NJ, retired, died at his home In
Philadelphia of typhoid pneumonia af-
ter an illness of two days. He was 63
years old and a native of New Jersey.
He served throughout the war of the
rebellion in the west gulf blockading
squadron. He passed through the
various grades in his branch of the
service, reaching that of chief engi-
neer. with the rank of lieutenant COM
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25
DUTY Of G. A. r. Members.

The cOmmander.in-chief of the G. A.
r. has directed attention to the neces.
sity of the newly installed officers in
the several posts taking up vigorously
and Systematically the work of re-
cruiting. The number of soldiers and
sailors not yet members of the organ.
ization, but who are eligible for mem
bership, is far in excess of the mem.
bership of our order. If proper ef-
forts are put forth thousands of these
comrades can be induced to unite and
aid in the work that must of necessity
be done by the Grand Army of the
Republic in caring for the needy aEl
deserving veterans and the widows
and orphans of deceased comrades.
With fruitful fields fer recruiting.
losses in membership indicate lack OF
effort. If the Grind Army is to be
forceful and helpful, it must continue
strong and active.
The commander-in-chief also has d.
rected especial attention to the neces-
sity of the organization at large as.
sisting the comrades of the Southern
departments in the work of Memorial
day in their several localities. Upon
them devolves the duty of paying
proper tribute to the soldier dead of
the nation who are buried in the vari-
GUS rational cemeteries throughout
TIE Southland. The membership of
the Southern departments is not
large. hut the comrades are devoted
and enthusiastic, and will see to it
that every grave of a Union soldier
or sailor receives on Memorial day its
tribute of flag and flowers: but they
must have aid, and contributions are
therefore earnestly solicited from
posts and comrades. Flags must be
given. and to that end department
commanders will, in their respective
departments, direct attention to the
matter and urge prompt and liberal
contributions. Remittances should be
made direct to John w. Schall. Adju-
tant General. Independence Hall. Phil
adelphia. who will duly acknowledge
the same to donors. make proper rec.
ord and transmit amount to the quar-
termaster general, VINO will make de-
tailed statement to the national en-
campment. Every post can give some
thing. and the comrades in more ia
vored localities should be willing to
aid those who, even though less IA
vored by helpful surroundings. will
ingly perform the sacred duty of re-
membering in tribute the brave sol
diers who rest where they wearied
and sleep where they fell"
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25

It is announced that Mr. Rockefeller
has given $1.000.O0 to his institute
for medical research. The present
plans for the institute call for the i'm
mediate erection of . laboratory In
New York city for Investigation in all
departmentS OF medical research.
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25
(d)(ll! llrsldles
Poem by stonewall jackson.

Poem by stonevsall jackson.
The Richmond Times IL authority
or the statement that this poem Was
written by Stonewall Jackson while he
vas serving with the army In the
Mexican war:
The tattoo beats-the lights are gone,
The camp around in slumber lies:
The night with solemn pace moves on.
The shadows thicken DER the skies:
But sleep my weary eyes hath flown
And sad. uneasy thoughts arise.
[ think OF thee. oh. dearest one.
Whose love my carly life hath blese-
OF thee and him-our baby son
Who slumbers on thy gentle breast.
God Of the tender. frail. and lone.
Oh. guard the tender sleepers rest.
And hover gently. hover near
To her. whose watchful eye u wet
To mother. wife-the doubly dear.
In whose young heart have freshly met
Two streams of love SO deep and clear.
And cheer her dropping spirits yet.
Whatever fate those forms may chow.
Loved with a passion almost Wild
BY day-by night-in joy or woe
BY fears oppressed. or hopes beguiled.
From every danger. every foe.
O God, protect my wife and child!
Now. while she kneels before thy throne.
Oh. tach her. ruler of the skies.
That. while by thy behest alone.
Earth's mightiest powers fall or rise.
No tear Is wept to thee unknown.
No hair Is lost. no sparrow dies!
That thou can'st stay the ruthless hands
OF dark disease. and sOOthe Its pain:
That only by thy stern commando
The battles lost, the soldiers sam
That from the distant sea or land
Thou bring'st the wanderer home again.
And when upon her pillow lone
Her tear-wet cheek IS sadly prest.
May happier visions beam upon
The frightening current Of her breast.
No frowning look nor angry tone
Disturbs the Sabbath Of her rest
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25
Gen. osterhaus Hale and Hearty.

Gen. 0sterhaus Hale and Hearty.
That grand old hero, Gen. p. J. Os-
terhaus Of the Army of the Tennessee.
and who at times commanded the Sew
eIteenth corps. is still alive, residing
in Bonn. Germany. strong and happy.
in his S1st year. He is highly respect
ed by the people. and the commander
Of the garrison las issued orders that
odicers and soldiers must stand at At
tention and salute when he passes.
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25
Wisconsin Jersey Breeders Meet.

Wisconsin Jersey breeoerS meet.
From the Farmers Review: The an
naal meeting of the Wisconsin Jersey
Breeders Association was held at the
Palmer House, Fond du Lac. Feb. II.
The following officers were duly
elected for the ensuing year. Presi-
dent. Hon. e. r. Hicks. Oshkosh.
secretary, F. H. Scribner. Rosendale:
treasurer, S. l.. Emery. Albion: board
Of directors, Mrs. AIDA F. Howie. Elm
Grove; H. C. Taylor. Orfordvilie. and
r. C. Green, Albion. Voted to have
the annual meeting Of this association
convene hereafter at the time and
place of the State Dairymen's Asso-
ciation which will be the second week
in February. Items Of interest were
discussed relative to the interests OF
Jersey cattle. making . very profit
able meeting.-F. H. Scribner. Sec.
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25
ain. rh,. H.v. s.eou. +, .x,.

Bills That Have Become Laws.
The following is the list of bills
that have been approved by Cover
nor MickeJ:
H. R. No. %. by Wilson-Appropri-
ating SIS. 900 for salaries of members
and employees Of the legislature.
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25

scenes. One was the horror caused
by the explosion Of shell in an Iowa
regiment. The shell struck In . mass
of men croWding to the front In de-
fensive line and killed twenty-eight
men. The other was the bearing of
q Union oflcer who received his death
wound In front Of McDaniels' COM
pany. The latter saw the wounded
oflcer struggle to his feet, stagger to
. little house near, carry out . chair.
by which he supported himself In
standing position with one hand while
with the other he waved his sword
and encouraged his men.
His men stood, although the rebels
pushed them at every point. McDan-
iels watched the Union oficer until
another ball struck him and he doub-
led forward over the back Of the
chair, dead. Even then the men stood
and the fight went on all along the
lire. This illustrated the spirit of the
1914 men, who, in beating OF one OF
Hoods strong divisions. lost TOT Of
their number. and who held the fort.
The captain who fell across the chair
had the same spirit as the general in
command, who. s0rely wounded. sig
nailed to Sherman that he would hold
his position. He knew and his men
know that the holding Of Allatoona
pass meant the saving of 100000 ra-
tions stored there and the mainten-
ance of Sherman's line of communica-
tions."-Chicago Inter Ocean.
Pension Claim . Thriller.
A strange story is related In the
case Of Mrs. Leander Merchand Of
Steubenville. O., whose claim has just
been secured. The facts form q
weirdly mysterious tale.
Merchand, her husband, was born
in Florida, his father being q white
man and his mother an Indian. His
mother died when he was young and q
trader took him to South Carolina and
sold him. He had straight Indian hair
and complexion. but that made no
difference.
Five years later he was sold to q
Mississippi planter, but escaped, and
later joined q Confederate regiment
and was captured, and then he enlist.
ed In the 1O2 Ohio volunteer infantry.
He was captured by the Confeder-
ates, and after Imprisonment in
Cohaba prison was exchanged and
sent north on the ill-fated Sultan,
which blew up, more than 1900 sol.
diers losing their lives.
When the boat blew up he landed
insensible on q raft of driftwood. and
was rescued and taken on an island
below Arkansas City. He was badly
injured and scalded. He recovered
and drifted west, where he met the
present Mrs. Merchand, who taught
him to read and write.
He wrote the facts about his life
in q prayer book, which was used to
establish the claim. Later in life he
became a harmless lunatic, and wan.
dered into q swamp and was drowned.
The widow will use the money in buy.
ing q plantation in the southwest.
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25

A. soon as the house convened on the
18th the revenue measure was considered.
A1ikesen Of Dixon offered an amendment
to the personal property schedule. 90 As
to exempt live stock under six months
Old from taxation. This led to an
aRendment. by Sears Of Burt to strike
out the whole schedule and leave the
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25
RI! RQIa
81
ss:Sae

The Value Of capons and caponizin0.
VIM. g. Unit, I'm an address to
Nebraska poultry raisers. said: A
Capon bears the same relation to .
cockeral that q steer does to . bull;
It 10 . castrated rooster. But capon
IL more quiet, lays on much desh and
tat and remains tender for months.
They viii weigh from 60 to Is per cent
more than q rooster Of the same age
and In many Eastern markets viii
bring from 20 to soc per pound. The
comb and Wattles do not grow after
the operation II done before they BE-
come very prominent. but in some
cases It II the practice to cut them on.
The feathers of the neck and saddle
grow very long and glossy. A capon
does not care for the hens. nor crow.
nor fight, but viii make the finest OF
mothers for chickens. II In the opera
ton you do not succeed In removing
all Of the testicle, 1t will In course OF
time develop into q very large size
and will be found to contain water.
Such q bird Is known as q slip. +.
L. Washburn. in the Oregon Bulletin.
No. 81. says: "A slip gains flesh and
fat and better flesh than . rooster.
But in three or four months after the
operation. the comb and wattles grow.
the bird develops crow and chases
the hens worse than q cockerel And
I would advise . person to kill such
birda II he has Anv aS they are q
great bother upon . poultry farm.
In some cases they bring as much
money as q capon Of the same weight
But II q person Is careful in doing
the operation there will be NO slips
to put upon the market. 1t has been
asked by several. is the operation
cruel? 1t is no more cruel than per
forming the same kind of an opera
ton upon pigs, colts, and calves. 1t
does not take long to perform the
operation and the bird will begin to
eat directly after being released from
the caponizing board. I would advise
a person to operate upon . few dead
ones first so as to become familiar
with the appearance and position OF
the testicles. A person can use any
of the large breeds and secure some
very nice capons. The birds that you
wish to caponize should be tasted "a
to 36 hours before the operation. And
should be fed very light the first day
or two after the operation.
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25
Mottled JaVa8.

The Javas, though not as popular
as some of the other breeds, are yet in
every way worthy of more attention
than they are receiving. They are q
practical and good-sized fowl. differ
ing from Plymouth Rock chiefly In
form and symmetry. There are three
The Columbus journal., 1903-03-25

list OF this property to the state board
Of equalization. Many members urged
that the schedule be left intact. contend
ing that 1t would be better than letting
a few men make the schedule. The
Sears amendment was adopted by a vote
of 56 to "a. Jones Of OtOe offered an
amendment to change debts to non-in-
terest bearing ''open accounts. to be de-
Quoted from the aggregate. Nelson then
amended Hogrefe's amendment to make
Il all bona fide debts. Hogrefe accepted
this amendment and withdrew his. The
Hogrefe amendment as changed by Mel
son was then defeated. Rouse OF Hall at
IL o'clock moved that the committee
arise and report the revenue bill for pas
sage. At this time Burgess OF Lancas-
ter sprung the anticipated amendment to
let the street railways. gas, water works
and electric companies in under section
76. having their gross earnings taxed as
franchise. as in the case OF the tele-
phone. telegraph. express and pipe line
companies. The proposition was defeat
ed. 66 to g. The report of the commit
tee of the whole that the revenue bill
be recommended for passage as amended
was. Oh HOSiOu VI NhCfAiHstcI, duoptou
at rs p. m. As the amendments must
first be printed. the bill probably cannot
ccme to a third reading this week. The
house passed H. r. 21. the Riggs bill.
reorganizing the South Omaha school
beard. H. r. 2l0. by McClay Of Lancas-
ter. q Lincoln city tax bill to allow Lin
coin to buy the postoffice building for
city hall. H. r. 81. by Koetter Of
Douglas. to increase rate Of interest on
state warrants from 4 to per cent and
reducing rate OF interest on county. city.
township. precinct and school district
lands from 6 to 4 per cent.