Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1903-05-23
Said to be the Richest Province Of
DeCadent China.
WHYRUSSIA WOULD HOLD 1T
IL OF Great Strategic Value 10 the
hluseovite In Carrying Out the
scheme of Empire In orient


ropean powers may fret and fume, an(
Japan may talk of war, but Russia vii
remain master of Manchuria. The sc
called Integrity OF China" may b
maintained for a long period though i
IS difficult to see how the archaic anc
decayng empire can hold together
much longer; the policy of 1.-The oper
door" may prevail and Muscovite oc'
cupancy may not really menace, buI
when all is said and done Russia will
still control this richest and most re-
sourceful section Of all Cathay. Hei
interests here are far greater than
those Of any other country, excepting
perhaps Japan. The entire northern
and eastern boundaries Of Manehurla
are Russian, and Manchuria affords
the only outlet Of Russia's Asiatic do
minions to open ports OF the Pacific.
From any point of consideration, MIL
itary or commercial, Manchuria is a
prize worth striving for, and Russia is
not liable to loosen her grasp from
such an empire now that she has II al
most entirely under her control, What
AllN NONtlbu0 tNt1 anu lliN blNNh9 lf'"N
of the bear once fall upon Is not likely
TO be readily given up. In the march OF
events nothing but an overwhelming
defeat In a great war In which coali-
ton Of the European powers would be
pltted against her can check Russian
progress In northern Asia.
There are certain things for which
the typical Asiatic viii fight and die
b, MI ha form pf
government under which he lives and
the nationality Of those who admins
ter It are not among them. The emma
man demands the privilege OF obserY-
ing time honored rites and the oppor-
tunity to earn q wage sufficient for MS
modest needs. Given these he Will live
as contentedly under Russian domina-
ton as under the present Mantchoo dy-
nasty. Proof of this Is to be seen IN
every town ard village of the Man
churlan provinces.
The Russians punctiliously respect
the religion and social customs Of the
Chinese and despite their unprogres-
siveness at home improve the condl-
tons Of the people and raise the stand
ard Of civilization wherever they go IN
Asia.
The interests of the United States in
Manchuria are essentially commercial,
and the maintenance Of the open
door" for American trade Is the thing
upon which the Washington govern
ment mainly insists. Since Russia gives
assurance that 1t has no intention or
claiming special privileges Tor It's cit-
zens to the exclusion of other foreign
ers" II is not apparent why American
trade would not be as well taken care
OF under Russian as under chinese
control. The United States is selling
more manufactured products In Man
churia than any other part of emma.
and the protection of this trade IS OF
course important
No amount Of diplomatic notes or as.
surances can alter an accomplished
fact. and that Is that Russia is in con
troll of Manchuria. The hinterand PACK
Of Newchwang swarms with Cossacks,
and no one need be surprised to learn
within the next fortnight that this city
and other Manchurlan centers ana
strategic points have been completely
invested by Russian troops. The couh-
try IS even now more Muscovite IMAM
Monaghan. Under this Russian DON'T
nation Manchuria has developed mar
velously. Immense sums or money
have been spent In building railroads
BRIDGES and other works TO improve
transportation routes and In building
M industries This Is especially true
in the case Of Dalny, which was
brought into being by the fiat OF the
cgar. In Russian Dalny means tar
away" and II Is far away from other
Russian ports Talienwan bay on
which the port is built, Is on the east
ern side Of the Liaotung peninsula OF
Manchuria. facing the bay OF Korea
and BY rail- 40 miles north OF Port Ar
thur. Dalny. now a city Of more man
10000 people Is the Pacific coast ter
minus of the eastern Chinese railroad
which connects with the Central Man
churian and the great TransslDerlah
railway.
The plan of Russian engineers on
which Dalny was built divides the
town into five quarters, commercla
quarters administration town private
residence qlaters, civil administration
quarters and Chinese city the latter
being removed some distance from the
rest Of the town. Around a circle from
which the principal streets extend inc
town club the theater, the post ana
telegraph offices, the judges ONCE, the
town hall and police headquarters nave
teen built
The harbor Is Of such depth that
steamers drawing 30 feet can steam up
alongside the immense docks and piers,
which are well protected by the break
water. Their cargoes can be unload
ed direct into cars. which run for 6,OOe
miles or more TO ST. Petersburg
Had Russia not intended TO maintain
her hold on Manchura this model city
and harbor. which have cost already
something like s25.0000Q0 would never
have been built. The railroad connect
Ing Il with the Transsiberian line at
oman. I'm Siberia, is now practically
completed and has been turned over
from the engineering TO the operating
division Of the Russian railway depart
ment. From oman IL runs via Tsitshar
70 Hardin, where one line continues
southeast 10 Vladiyostok Russias port
on the Japan sea, while another line
extends almost due south from Har-
bin through central Manchuria via XII
rim. Mukden and Newchwang 10 the
ports OF Dalny and Port Arthur From
Newchwang the road connects with the
line already constructed from Shanhal-
kwan 10 Pekin The city Of Hardin,
I'm the heart Of northern Manchuria on
the great navigable sungari river Is
an illustration OF Russian enterprise.
Five years ago no such city existed.
Today It IL a, thriving trade center OF
50 900 people. with wide streets, large
characteristics Of a modern and pro-
gresslve western American city. II Is
located at the head Of Navigation on
the Sungari and was selected by the
Russian engineers as the best point OF
function Of the roads running respec-
lively 10 Vladivostok and Dalny.
As I have already intimated. Man
churia Is the richest and most Import
ant province OF the Chinese empire.
The country is bounded on the north
and east by the Amur and Usuri. on
the southeast by the mountains sep
aratlng It from Korea and on the south
by the Yellow sea, But on the west
only the Few remains Of an ancient
wooden barrlcade separate Il from
MONGOLIA. The exact size Of this ter
rltory Is abuot $4,000 square miles.
Think OF that II is considerably more
than twice the size Of the combined