davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-04-23
Union Farmers Club.

Union Farmers Club.
Club met with Mr.. and Mrs.
Bessire the third Saturday in
April, all members being pres
ent except one.
Club called to order at 11:3O.
Minutes of last meeting read
and approved.
Select reading by A. e. Bes-
sire, "Life In the Country"
j. E. Kirkwood, "Wake Up,
Young Men,"
Comments on same.
Dinner being announced the
Club adjourned to partake of
the many good things provided.
The usual two hours were spent
in visiting, when Club was call
ed to order at 2 o'clock by a
song, Anywhere With Jesus. y
Then followed the young peo-
pies program.
Declarations, Gladis Jones,
Nellie Kirkwood, Mary Kirk
wood, Vida Bessire, Ollie Kirk
wood, Jimmie Kirkwood.
Select reading, Mrs. McGav-
rem, "Help One Another"
Mrs. Doty, "The Rise and
Progress of Outdoor Exercise. y
Comments on same.
Questions were then taken up
and answered.
l. Raising calves by hand,
in the affirmative.
2. Would it be profitable to
raise alfalfa on hill land?
3. To prohibit the destruc-
tion of insect eating birds, in
the affirmative.
Questions for next meeting;
1. Which is the most profit
able for the farmer to raise,
horses or cattle? Referred:t to
j. E. Kirkwood.
2. What is the best way to
kill out the common alder? Re
ferred to H. L. Aldridge.
3. What is the best feed fer
young chicks? Referred to Mrs.
w. A. Jones.
a. What is the best methcd
of cleaning wall paper? Re
ferred to Mrs. McGavren.
Committee on questions for
May: j. w. Deal, Frank Nc
Gavren, Mrs. Doty.
Mrs. Doty then informed the
Club of receiving word from
Mr.. and Mrs. Wingate, who
were formerly members of our
Club, stating they always re-
membered the day of our meet
ing and wishing us great sue.
cess, for which we extend our
heartfelt thanks and best wishes
to Mr.. and Mrs. Wingate and
family, hoping they may make
many friends and organize
many farmers clubs in their fa1
northern home.
Visitors: Mrs. Andy Cox
Mrs. Brown and daughter, Mrs
Jacob Cox, Mrs. Harsine and
son and daughter, Mr.. John
Frazier and family, Grandma
Jones, Mrs. Chud Clark of Bart
lett, Neb., Geo. johnson, Mrs
Kinks and children of Wahoo,
Neb.
Closing song, II Will Follow
On"
Adjourned to meet with Mr.
and Mrs. ]. w. Deal the third
Saturday in May.
M. E. Aldridge, See.
]. E. Jones, Pres.
.=s------s'.------ ------>-s-.- -.--'-'------------,
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-04-23
Doing Well.

visitor-well, Tommy. how are you
getting on ut school?
Tommy (agcd eight-First rate. l
amt doing us we'll MS some of the
other boys, though can stand ON my
head. but have to put my feet
against the wall.-New York News.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-04-23
Reward OF Merit.

fapa-Where did you get that dol.
larl
Little son-That's the one you CAV.
me on my birthday.
I'apa-My. my! And you haven't
spent 1t? Here's another dollar.
Little Son-Thank you. hope nam.
ma won't borrow this one. like she did
The othcr. She just paid II back
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-04-23
Dusine eSs.

When msn opens up business, the
papers say he has large circle Of
friends. and after the accounts begin
to accumulate in his ledger he begins
to believe it.-Atchison Globe.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-04-23
BADLY Expressed

The builder of church on return
Ing thanks for the toast Of his health
which had been proposed remarked:
II fancy l um more fitted for the
scaffold than for public speaking"
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-04-23
His Homecoming,

Won Blumer-I wonder how I camA
to make SO much noise last night7
Mrs. Won Blumer-Oh. that was only
because you tried 90 hard not to.-Ds-
troit Free Press.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-04-23
C. d. Wills returned to Der.

c. e. Wills returned to Der
yer, COL, this morning after a
short visit here with relatives.
w. c. Strauss, of Harlan, is in
the Valley, the guest of Frank
Porter and family.
Can Dupree, of Persia, was a
Valley visitor today.
Mrs. 3. j. Chapman gave a
very pleasant dinner party yes
terday evening, complimentary
to Mrs. Margaret Tabor, of In
dependence, Iowa. Place cards
were laid for ten, and a very
pleasant time was had by all.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-04-23

oretically, the shortest distance
between two points is in a
straight line, but in road build
ing this mathematical axiom
does not always hold true, un-
less we tunnel the hills.
''Steep grades are expensive
and should be avoided where
ever possible. Railroad COM
panies know they cannot afford
to construct railways on straight
lines. They find it economy to
follow the winding valleys, thus
avoiding both the sharp hills
and the deep cuts. In Canada
and in European countries,
where the best roads are found,
one rarely sees a mile of
straight road in a days ride. A
grade of ten feet in one hum
dred does not seem particularly
steep, yet it adds one-tenth to
the load and requires 200
pounds more power to move a
ton than would be required for
the same road on the level.
eve are also extravagant in
the amount of land allotted to
road making. The best coun-
try roads | have ever seen are
scarcely more than one-third
the width of ours and some are
50 narrow you could hardly
drive over them on a dark night
without fear of striking the
fences on either side. When
ours are maintained in proper
condition, one-half the present
width will be ample and the
value of this land now utilized
for weed growing will in many
places go a long way toward
macadamizing or otherwise inn
proving the roadbed. The rapid
extension of electric railways,
however, makes it desirable to
retain the present width of pub
lie highways traversed by these
lines, and the width should net
be reduced in any case until
permanent roadbeds have been
established.
"The commonly used narrow
tires are another enemy of good
roads and they have no reason
for existence. Practical and
scientific tests all condemn
them from the standpoint of
utility as we'll as for destructi-
bility of roads.
"On the college farm we are
now buying only wide-tired
wagons and we prefer them in
every way. The last wagon we
purchased has four-inch tires
and is three inches lower than
standard height, and it is far
more practicable than those in
common use. All local dealers
can obtain the wide-tired wag-
ons if they are demanded. In
many localities the use of mar
row-tired wagons is restricted
by law.
eve have anticipated the
demand for intelligent and
trained road experts and have
in contemplation additional in
struction in road making for
the students of the Iowa state
college, believing that none are
better prepared to do the work
than the Iowa boys who study
the subject both practically and
scientifically. There is graft
flying assurance that many of
these young men will become
leaders in their respective COM
munities in the movement in
favor of more economical and
more intelligent and effective
methods in road making"
C. q. Wills returned to Der
yer, COL, this morning after a
short visit here with relatives.
w. C. Strauss, Of Harlan, is in
the Valley, the guest of Frank
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-04-23
GOOD ROADS.

uOOU kVAOSs
AS good roads seems to be the
the topic of general interest to
the public, we publish the fol-
lowing:
eve have been too much in
the habit of magnifying state
and national taxes while ignor-
ing the fact that our local taxes
are four or five times as large
and far less judiciously ex-
pended. Besides the absolute
waste of money, bad roads in
themselves impose another
heavy tax. Carefully collected
statistics obtained direct from
the farmers themselves, and
farmers have the reputation of
being conservative, indicate
that the average cost of moving
a ton of farm products one mile
is Is cents and that the average
haul is twelve miles. The es-
innate of the distance seems
too high, but the rate per ten
probably is not. The total ton
mage of agricultural products
marketed annually is about
350,O00,O0O tons. At 25 cents
per mile for an average distance
of twelve miles the expense of
moving this produce amounts
to over $900,OOO,OOO. 1t has
also been demonstrated that on
good hard roads agricultural
produce can be moved to mar
ket at an average cost of not
to exceed 8 cents per mile for
each ton. This is less than
one-third the cost under actual
existing conditions, and a CORE
spending reduction applied to
the entire tonnage would re-
suit in a saving of S600,OO0,O00
annually. Probably some of the
figures entering into this esti-
mate are extravagant, but they
are statistics of the United
States department of agricul-
ture and based upon careful
estimates of about 100000 prac-
tical, experienced men in var
ious parts of the country. Even
If we scale these figures as
much as SO per cent, however,
we still have a possible saving
of over $3oo,ooo,0o0 annually
to be accomplished by good
roads, or, putting it another
way, now lost by bad roads.
"a system of permanent
good roads cannot be attained
at once. They are expensive,
but it is even more expensive
to permanently do without
them. Unfortunately, the best
and richest agricultural coun-
ties having the most produce to
market, have the least suitable
material from which to make
permanent roads. The prob
lem is to make the most of
what we have until we can do
better.
HOW TO MAKE GOOD ROADS.
''Let us stop to consider what
it is that makes roads bad, as
we find them in this country.
Nothing but water. Remove
the water and keep it away
and the whole problem is solved.
"There are three systems of
drainage underdrainage sur
face drainage and side bitches,
which are really a form of sur
face drainage. The under
drainage is of chief Importance.
A water-soaked sub-soil always
precludes the possibility of a
good road. Underdrainage
should be provided by a we'll
constructed tile drain under
wide open cutters at each side.
These cutters should be so
formed with reference to the
crown of the road as to catch
all of the surface drainage.
The tile should be laid at least
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-04-23

under the center of the grade
as that part of the road is gen
orally impervious to water.
Next in Importance to good
construction is proper mainten-
ance. No system of roads can
do without repairs, and when
repairs and maintenance meas
ures are neglected, deteriora-
tion takes place very rapidly.
A little work done at the right
time is far more effective than
larger expenditures when de-
layed. For this reason the road
work of a township ois,district t
should be in the harYs of a
competent man who can devote
all of his time to the work for
a period of at least eight or
nine months a year.
CASH ROAD TAXES.
"The road taxes should be
paid in cash and expended
under the direction of a compe-
tent road builder, who should
be held to arigid accountability
for his services the same as any
other public official.
sThe last general assembly
of Iowa enacted a very import
ant law making the township
instead of the sub-district the
unit for road work in Iowa and
providing for the payment of
road taxes in cash. The adop-
ton of this policy will go a long
way toward making good high
ways of our public roads where
there is no material available
except the native soil. | have
not in this address taken up the
methods of constructing roads
by macadamizing or surfacing
with stone and brick, as there
is comparatively little of that
done in the state at present
outside of the cities. Our main
tlloroughfares should, after
proper drainage and grading,
be made of the most durable
material available. Gravel may
be used with marked benefit
wherever it can be obtained,
and for ordinary country traffic
a we'll constructed, properly
surfaced gravel road, kept in
good order, will meet all re-
quirements. If our country
roads could once be put in pro-
per form and surfaced with a
foot of gravel on a we'll drained
and properly graded roadbed
the expense of maintenance
thereafter would not exceed 25
to 40 per cent of the present
cost. Many localities are with
out gravel, but the railroads of
this and other states have man
ifested generous and public
spirited interest in road inn
provement and have made spe-
cial rates for transporting
gravel to various localities that
have no local supply and it is
practicable under this system
to obtain gravel roads at rea-
sonable expense.
Several towns in the state
already have their principal
residence and business streets
and their main thoroughfares
leading into town surfaced with
rock, and they are highly graf
flied with the results. Last
winter | was driven over a
macadam road leading into Ma
quoketa that would do credit to
some of the old country COM
munities whose good roads are
so widely known. Where the
material is easily available l
believe it will pay cities and
road districts to purchase stone
crushers and heavy rollers and
make a few miles of permanent
roads each year.
EXTRAvAGANT IN OTHER WAYS.
"Our road system is wasteful
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-04-23

Mrs. Geo. P. Smiley, Mrs. M.
G. Burbank, and Mrs. Hattie
Wilson, will entertain the Open
Session of the Art Club, at the
home of Mrs. Smiley, on Friday
evening next.
The Commissioners to assess
the damage on the drainage
ditch, held a meeting in the
Valley today.
County Auditor Huff, was in
the Valley on business today.
Mrs. j. B. Mathews and two
sons, left for Washington last
night where they expect to make
there future home. Mrs. Math-
ews spent the winter here, the
guest of her sister, Mrs. w. C..
Fensler.
H. D. Locklin and wife, of
Magnolia, left for Washington
and Oregon, last night.
Elder D. M. Campbell, of
Charles Mix County, South Da-
kota, was in the Vale last night,
the guest of Rev. Williams, of
the Christian Church.
DR.. C. w. McGavren was call
ed to California junction this
morning, on professional bust
ness.
J. S. Robson is visiting with
friends in Omaha for a few days.
Fred Douglas is in Omaha on
business this afternoon.
Attorney Kellogg and son Park
were Logan visitor this after
noon.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-04-23
Hay Burned.

Charles O'Neal, on the w. H
Fensler farm south of this city,
had the misfortune to have II
tons of hay burned this morn
ing. 1t is not known how the
fire originated, as when it was
first discovered the hay stack
was all ablaze. The loss is quite
a serious one, especially at this
time of year before the new
grass is high enough for pas
ture.
The daily morning Alaskan., 1903-04-08

of Oklahoma or Arizona, Is ex-officlo com mander n- chief of tie militia, etc, and, further, 1t empowers him to perform ger erlllv, in and over the district such acts as pertain to the office of governor of ter- rtorv. Now right here 1t gives the gov ernor in this last grant of power the same right to call an election for the purpose of elsc,lng a delegate to congress as the terri tory of Arizona, New Mexico and Okla homl.
 Again in the sane section the president of the United State, has the power 10 con- firm the attlol of the governor in calling the election and the secretary of the inter- for has no voice in the same ln any way. Many Aasklns thick tn t the governor holds a subordinate position with reference 10 the secretary of the interior. This Is not the law Again the governor will if convinced that he has the right and power to call this election do so, and will submit the sam. to the president on his vlsi, 10 Seattle 10 May. Every Alasksn who was in Washington this winter kaows the pre- slieors view on the right Of Alaska to hay. q duly elected and accredited delegate on Che floor of the house Of representatives.
 There is DO doubt as a lsgal proposition that the president would approve the eall- ing of a general election by The governor. The qualification of electors has been pro- vlded for by the civil ;ote of Alaska, and there could be no question IS to who is Guslihed electot.
 lt is true Alaska hls no territorial legis- lature. That in no way Intsrferes with the calling of a general election under sec ton 1892 of the revised statutes of the United States. Congress has not deleg ted to Alaska legislative au'oritv as Is the case in the other territories, but has delegated
The daily morning Alaskan., 1903-04-08

legislative authority to communities hay. ing 300 permanent inhabitants, and as result of that legislation there are nearly . dozen municipal corporation, in Alaska and all up-to-date, thriving communities. Congress legislated for Alaska just like C territorial legislature, and what difference Is there between congress Iegislatlng al. rectv for the territory and that In lsglsIat- ing for the territory indlreetlv, ss Is dope by congress in Arizona, New Mexico and Oklahoma Again there Is not member of congress who would vote to exclude [ delegate sent to Washington with esrtlh- clre from the governor, showing that general election duly called and held he re- eeiyed the hlghes, number of vote, as delegate to congress from the territory Of Alaska. The house is the sole and exeIu' sIve judge of the qualifications of It, m,p- bsrs, and the millionaire club. the senate of the United States, uld therefore raIss no legal objection.
The daily morning Alaskan., 1903-04-08
ALASKA IS A TERRITORY OF
 THE UNITED STATES
New Point Raised. The United States Su- preme Court Has Ruled on Country's
 Status. May Be Special Election

About May [, and possibly a week ear Her, Volney T. HOggatt, lawyer of Val dez. will appear before Gov. Brady and submit a brief, supplemented by argument ln support of the contention that the great Northlind, which has 80 long been refer red to as a district, is in fact acd h's tesn since i,s acquisition from Pussi', territory Of the United States.
 Gov. Brady is said to have iniimaied during an informal discussion of the ques- tion. that if Mr. HoggaJt makes anything like as gcoi a legal showing as ne renre ssn,s In the premises he will at once call a special eleclion with the sinct.on of Pfesi- dent Roosevelt for the selection of terri. torlal delegate.
 In this connsctl,n an effort Is to be mace to secure th, approval of the president on the occasion of hi, visit to Seattle ln Nav
 Mr. Hoggatt bases his contention Of Alaskl's right to territorial recognition on decision of the supreme court of the U.It.t St,tes, also on ,h; fact that Presi- dent Roosevelt lL his state papers has ben wont to refer to Alaska as a territory.
 Tn. supreme court of the United States u63 q. s. p. 34o) in the case of the Unit ed States vs. Steamer Coquitlau, held that Allskivasaterltory of the United States, and iti, so designated in every legislative enlctm.nt since i,s acquisition from Russia In 1867. The supreme court Of the United States. May 2rISor. promulgated an order aitlehing the territory of Alaska and ArI- z1na Co the uinth circuit for judicial pur- poses. lo pursuance Co ,hs a,t of congress approved March 3, 1891, which ,c' created the cir,ul, of appe,ls. o. n. Browning, ssetetary Of the interI 'r, in letter 10 Wil- liam II. Seward, on October 20, 1907, des- ignatsd Alaska, as the newly acquired ter rtorv of Alaska. A contract entered into in 1889, between the United States and the North American Commercial Company, relative to taking of fur seals from the coast of Alaska, uses the words, "ln the tsuItory of Alask,." President Roosevelt in p.Oclalming a timbe, reservation in Alaska, uses the following words; And, whereas. the following described publi, llnds in the territory of Alaska 20. etc,
 All the acts of congress subsequent tc its political organization as a territory Ic
The daily morning Alaskan., 1903-04-08
Girl Wanted

For general hou>ewo,k Good wages. Apply AllSkl Steamship Co.'S office.
The daily morning Alaskan., 1903-04-08

Clue'ts latest style msns S collars lnd cuffs s' thf B. M. BeGr-udS Co.
The daily morning Alaskan., 1903-04-08
THE COURT
Mission vs. Marquam Land
 Case Grinding.

The grand jury retu5ej indictments against Francis M. Rumb ugh and Myrtle Beuv. ves,e,J,v m,niCE They weIe arraIgrei aad w.ll pie d this morning.
 The case of christopher Spence vs. John C. PrI,e, receiver, was dismissed.
 John c. Price, receiver First National Bank uf Sklgwlv, vs H. A Bower, con- t.nuei.
 Most of the afternoon, uutIl after o'clock, when court adjourned, was c r- sumed in DO argument up1n demurrer in the case of the Home Mission Society oi the Prssbvtsuin church, a coronation, vs. Th5mss A. MHlulm. This c5Se IS the outcome vt previous lt.g tion aud is for the purpo,. ot dispo>sessiug Mrluam of land which he Is occupying and Is part of a tract claimed cy th, Mission Society.
The daily morning Alaskan., 1903-04-08

1884, invariably designated Alaska as the territory of Alaska.
 These, ot course, are not as strong an au- thorlty as the supreme court of the United States in the decision above referred to. That decldes squarslv that Alaska is one of the territories Of the United States, and is a territory, not In area, but in the same political sense as Arizona and New Mexico are territories of the United States. The words of the supreme court Of the United States gre as follows: Alaska is one of the territories Of the United States, and has always been S regarded"
 Why Alaska has been designated the "Ii>trlet of Alaska is because of the acts of congress of 1884, which created th, ter ritorv of Alaska as a judicial district, just like the act of congress created Arizona and all the other territories judicial districts Section 1902, of the revised statutes of the Unilei States. declares that all the organ. ized territories of the United States shall hsoceiorth be entitled to a delegate there from, who shall be entitled to a seat on the floor oi the house of representatives of the United St,tss. but shall not be entitled to a vote. Therefore, Alaska needs no furth- CT legislation from congress other than wh .t now exists,
 1.-the governor Of Alaska calls a gensral election, and as a result thereof issues his c.rtih,ate to the one receiving the largest number of votes cast, that person will te emitted to the privilege of the flor of the house. Section 2, of the act Of congress approved June 0, Iooo, making further provisions for civil government for Alaska, Is not unlike, the organic act crelt- ing the Oklahoma country one of the ter r.tories of the United States, and was copied almost bodily from that act. lt is the political code Of the territory of Alaska, and the same as the organic act creating the territory of Oklahoma out of the Oklahoma country and No Mans Ind. ! The governor of Alaska, like the gover- nor of Okl homa, has the authority 10 see that the laws enacted by congress are ea- forced. He may also grant repreyes for ofenses tommiitsi against the laws of the district or of The United States, the same power given 10 the govsmorof Oklihom {; 1 the governor of Alaska, like the eoyer or
The daily morning Alaskan., 1903-04-08
Spleud s!sps

The Alaskan is mts5i,d ,o N J. pE,h-r f3r splendid mp ot tbs Ps,n, c0'st in sections, lhe Il,esl mfu ol Alaska al | m ps of Hawaii md lne th,.lippInes. The m ,ior received them from Hs present commissioner ot the general hoi th,e, who IS au oli tr=aA lEei- a-gI.uiance dating from pioneer days in Wyoming.
The daily morning Alaskan., 1903-04-08
S1O REWARD

ArewarI tsIo w.ll be paid for the ar- rest an. conviction ut any peCS0u ,dugut mLi.Cuslv rTe king windows ln any house represented by tho undersigned.
 PnIi AcAham,.
The daily morning Alaskan., 1903-04-08
Special Notice Get Our Prices

Summer rates over the Ice to Dawson. Fast time. relavs, hrst-elass rigs, slxhorss te ms. Stages leave whitehorse daily. Buy no tickets until you see our teams and rigs at Whitehorse. Offiee, Regina Hotel, WhItehorSe. F. A. Cleveland, Prop.
The daily morning Alaskan., 1903-04-08
HsIs Fully Naturallzod

Under tre cU,pmoale ct Ella, Ruui and B. N. simpson J.nn p. rsars1n W a-- m,'ei 0 citizenship by the t,r,, court Ver,eTi4v.
The daily morning Alaskan., 1903-04-08
Soon Ready

The smokssta,k aud ruider of the NIa Rlal are iu place .nt within another week the lJl.i bat will be rs-ly for 5usI.ssS.