Evening capital. (Annapolis, Md.) 1884-1910, 1903-07-21
to the most remote portions or the
world.
Above all other popes and somewhat

world.
Above all other popes and somewhat
beyond his own record in earlier life,
Leo XIII. has been a liberal politician.
He. has hailed the future rather than
deplored the loss of the past. He has
been one of the captains IN the move
meut for universal education and has
striven 10 make education and morals
conflde In ench other Not a single
scandal from Rome in his papacy has
been conveyed to the world He has
shown a friendly disposition to the
world and could himself take place In
almost any learned faculty or congress
and hold his own in general knowledge
with scientists belles-lettres men and
doctors.
Elected pope IN February, 1878. he
was then almost sixty eight years Of
age. and he had been for thirty-two
| years the archbishop of one quiet city,
| Perugia, which once belonged TO the
papal states, but stood high among the
old Italian republics or feudalities for
its painters and men OF gifts. This re-
gion. generally called Umbria, pro-
duced the highest triumphs OF art in
Raphael. In Perugia and its province
| the archbishop was as distinctly the
foremost citizen or subject as the late
Phillips Brooks undoubtedly was IN
Boston or Henry Ward Beecher In
Brooklyn.
He was born at mountain town In
the Apennines, not far from Rome,
called Carpineti, on March 2. 1910. To
this little place of about 1900 people
his ancestors had been expelled from
Siena about $50 years before. They
were mobiles in Slena, but had taken
part against their countrymen when
the Medici of Florence resolved TO
conquer and annex Siena- This inde-
pendent republic. inspired with pas
sionate hatred against Florence. made
a memorable defense, but the odds
were too strong.
Retiring into the state Of the church.
the popes family, named Pecci pro.
nounced PechD. formed new friend
ships, and the pope's father was count
who either volunteered or was drafted
into Napoleon's service when he over
ran Italy. The popc's mother was a
countess, who brought property 10 her
husband.
They lived in what is called palace
in Italy, large building rising from
the rocks, two stories and an attic high.
with flowers and terraces about its
base. 1t appears that the pope during
all his life has known no want, but has
enjoyed a private revenue such as a
gentleman of noble descent would be
apt to have in any country who had
kept his estates.
He was born after the French repub-
licans had overrun italy and been ev-
erywhere victorious and the greatest
change had taken place not only in the
Italian people. but even In the priest
hood.
The pope himself. Plus VII, had been
taken captive from Rome to France
and was only returned to Rome at the
fall Of Napoleon In 1914. He restored
the Jesuits, who were the secular school
masters within the church. but they
had fallen under the hostility of several
of the kings and been for some time
suppressed. Upon their return they
opened schools and gave the city Of
Rome something OF its old clerical and
literary character.
In 1917 the late pope's mother took
her sons to Rome and the next year
put them at school at Viterbo. city on
hill but a few hours carriage ride
from Rome This lady belonged to one
of the orders of the Franciscans and
when she died was buried in their
brown cloak and cord. Her death was
nearly at the same time with that of
Plus VII.
The next pope, Leo XII, branched
out as an educator. The Jeguits' college
was opened I'm Rome in 1924 with 1.4OO
students, and among these were the
two Pecci boys, OF whom Joseph was q
Jesuit. He was three years older than
his brother. These boys went home to
their mountain town ON holidays, and
the pope was an active hunter and
fowler In the mountains. Rome was TO
them like any American city to fami-
IL which lived In the neighboring coun-
try and spent the winters In the city.
The name Of the pope was Joachim
Vincent Raphael Lodovico Pecci. He
always went by the name Of Vincent
Pecci until at n certain period after his
mothers death. when he became gen
orally known as Joachim Pecd.
He became fluent In the Latin and
wrote verses and orations in IT and
gained prizes. After his mothers death
he lived with his uncle in the Mutt
palace in Rome. He somewhat knew
Pope Leo XII. and chose his papaI
name with reference to that prelate.
He matriculated in 1880. graduated
doctor of theology In 1882. which was
the time that be adopted the name of
Joachim. and he entered the diplomatic
class in the university called Sapienza.
or Wisdom. in Rome. Among his
friends and classmates were such no
bles as Duke Sforza OF the old Milan
lords.
He was acquainted with Leo. as well
as with Plus VIII. who lived but
short time, and then came Gregory
XVI, in whose household he was one
Of the prelates.
He first attracted special attention