davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Newport weekly independent., 1903-04-03
PENSION LEVY INCREASE
 DEFEATED BY HOUSE.
Sentiment Of That Body Favors One Mill Levy For Confederate Pen sions- Oste0pathic Bill Passes -PinniX Bill Will Not Be
 Reconsidered.

Little Rock, Mar. 31.-The house yesterday failed to pass the Stockard bill increasing the tax levy for Con- federate pensions from three fourths of a mill to one mill and half. The vote was 36 ayes to 27 noes, and a two-thirds majority, or 42 votes, was required. The sentiment of the house as indicated, was for one-mill levy.
 The house passed the Chestnut bil. regulating the practice of osteopathy and providing for state board of os- teopathic examiners, after adopting an amendment striking out "obstet- rics" and "minor surgery"
 The house tabled Judge Keith's bill, with amendments, increasing the penalty for violation of the Sabbath law by liquor dealers. The bill pro- posed a fine of $100 to $500 for the first offense and a fine of $200 to $EJO and forfeiture of license for the sec ond offense.
 The Baskin bill allowing mileage to jurors was amended by the house so as to cut the mileage from 10 cents to 5 cents each way, and so as not to ap ply to justice of the peace courts.
 The house tabled a motion to re- consider the vote by which Senator Pinnix's county school superintendent bill failed to pass.
 The senate passed bills as follows:
 By Senator Flenniken-Provid for registration of pharmacists.
 By Senator Cotham-Providing lien on cattle for feeding.
 Most of the day in tLe senate was again taken up with the Leatherman impeachment proceedings.
Newport weekly independent., 1903-04-03
PLACED IN THE POUND.

The enforcement of the ordinance, prohibiting persons from allowing stock to run at large during the night within the city limits, is being en- forced and those who have COWS, had | tter see that they are locked up at nights.
 On Friday night, about ten were driven to the city pound and there held until the charge of 25 cents had been paid by the owners of the stock.
Newport weekly independent., 1903-04-03
LEASE NEWPORT LAUNDRY.

A lease of the plant of theWes' Pvt Laundry for four months was rA. FAsGp day executed by the ownefr- . Decker to Joe and Ed Mai, .. '. I. Rufus Clark, who expect to DYING for business about the tenth
 The lease inclng7as an ont;on PHIA, PA. chase plant and the managers expecrth~- to secure expert labor from Dallas, Texas.
Newport weekly independent., 1903-04-03
TWO CANDIDATES FOR MAYOR.

Walnut Ridge, March 23.-city pol itics has reached a white heat, two strong tickets being in the field, one headed for mayor by the Hon. H. L. Ponder and the other by one of the city's prominent druggists, w. s. An drews.
 Both tickets are working for the greater Walnut Ridge.
Newport weekly independent., 1903-04-03
NEWTON-BRUTON.

MT. Charles Newton and Miss Mary Bell Bruton were quietly married Sat- urday evening at the home of the bride, Justice Lucien Harris officiat- ing. The INDEPENDENT extends con- gratulations and best wishes that the union may be happy one.
Newport weekly independent., 1903-04-03

the good moral citizens, as required by law, to have license are men who have been indicted by the grand jury from ten to sixty times in the last two years for running blind tigers"
Newport weekly independent., 1903-04-03
FIDELITY MUTUAL LIFE INS.
 co. OF PHILADELPHIA, PA.

Ten days trip and expenses to tie, Worlds Fair in 1904 to any youny' lady who will write or cause to bel written $25,O00 insurance during th4, year of 1903. For particulars sefp w. Q. Wharton, district managerll Newport, Ark. 94 d6t \
Newport weekly independent., 1903-04-03
RURAL DELIVERY ROUTES
 FOR JACKSON COUNTY.

Washington, March 3O.-The follow ing rural free delivery routes will be established in Arkansas on July 1: AL myra, Arkansas county, with two car riers, length of routes 45 miles, popu- lation 932; Holly Grove, Monroe county, with one carrier, length of route 22 miles, population 5S5; New port, Jackson county, with one car rier, length of route 21 12 miles, pop ulation 513; Tupelo, Jackson county with one carrier, length of route, 20 1-2 miles, population 51S.
 The salary of the carrier for New port Free Delivery Route No. ? is to be $500 per annum including horse hire
 The route to be followed as laid down in a report by Special Agent Nevins, dated Oct. 23, 1902, is as follows: Starting at the post office in Newport, thence northeasterly in zigzag direction passing fair grounds, Mason's Staten, Baker, Holden and Littleton to Wilmans corner, a dis tance of 10 1-2 miles; thence south to Williams, distance of 8 miles; thence southwest in zigzag direction passing Village Creek, Goldman's and United States Experimental farm to postoftice, distance of 8 miles, cov- ering total distance of 21 1-2 miles and reaching III houses with popu- lation of 513.
 The carrier is to leave the Newport office by 7:30 a. m. and return with his collections in time to dispatch mail by 800 p. m.
Newport weekly independent., 1903-04-03

Mrs. J. A. Volkmer went to Little Rock Friday morning to spend the dau
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1903-11-27
SOUTH LONDONDERRY.

Mrs. II. A. Ross recently dsocated her
wrist by a fall in the woodshcd
Mrs NJ. Howard of Torrington Conn,
is visiting her sons at l.. r. Landmarks.
Mr.. and Mrs c. Il. Lee Of Springfield,
Mass, are guests at r.. s. Goddard's this
week.
Men are cutting Christmas trees in this
vicinity, and have already shipped several
carloads.
Warren Head of Brattloboro has moved
into the Baldwin house and is a clerk in
l.. n. Landmarks store.
Tho school in the higher department in
this village finished its fall term on We'd
nesday and begins its winter term next
Monday
r. Il. Smith, a brakeman on the mixed
train, was injured while coupling cars
at Winhall station on Monday. 1t is
believed at the present time that his
condition is not very serious.
Union Thanksgiving services were held
at the Methodist church on Wednesday
evening. There were addresses by Rev
NJ H. Smith, Rev. f. f.. Coburn and A. j.
Allen, with music by the choir and by the
school children, under the direction of
Mary Pierce.
The dramatic club gave an exhibition
at the town hall on Tuesday evening,
when they presented the drama, "The
Old Virginia Hermit" to well-fled
house 1t was finely rendered and gave
good satisfaction. 1t was followed by an
oyster supper and dance. The music was
furnished by Vale d Parker's band.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1903-11-27
NEWEANE.

Mrs. Henry Downs left on Wednesday
to spend the winter elsewhere.
Mrs NJ. Cushman of Rochester, n Y,
is at Mrs. Tuthill's for the winter
The usual Thursday evening meeting
was turned into Thanksgiving service.
MIR and Mrs. Wells Hldreth of West
Brattleboro are at Mr.. and Mrs. Warren
Hildreth's.
The village school taught by Miss Hor-
tense Switzer of West Townshend will
open on Monday.
II. J. Batchelder spent Thanksgiving
day in South Londonderry, where his
wife has spent the week.
c. S Wilson and son, George, will be-
gin work next week for the 5. A. Smith
company in Brattlcboro.
Misses Brown. Pierce, Wellman, and
Wilcox. pupils at Leland & Gray Sem
mary, are at home for the Thanksgiving
vacation.
Old home folks about the country can
think Of this locality as baskng in the
sunshine of zero weather on Thanksgiv-
ing morning.
Mrs Dickman Rider OF Marlboro. who
spent the week with her parents. MIR ana
Mrs Carpenter was joined by her hus-
band on Thanksgiving day.
The Kenny family. including Mr.. and
Mrs Albert Austin and children of
Brookllne, SSemhled at Mrs. Ii. ). Ken
ny's for Thanksgiving dinner.
Principal Carlton y. Howe, although
able to leave the Mary Fletcher hospital
at Burlington for his boarding place in
Essex Junction, was prevented by a Sc
we're attack of rheumatism from coming
home this week.
\ lullaby concert given on Tuesday
evening by the Chldren's Homeland amy
was a novelty in its program and well
rendered pleasing a good-sized audience,
and the resulting Offering for mission
work was encouraging.
Seventy attended the session of the
Congregational Sunday school on the ed,
making one OF the best records OF the
year. The Offering for the children $
THANKSGIVING dinner in Boston was in
keeping with the spirit Of the week.
The Christian Endeavor society will
hold a sale Of useful and fancy articles
during the evening of Dec. at the YES
try, and a chicken pie supper will bc
served from 6 to 40 o'clock. The oh
ject is worthy, and all patronage will be
appreciated.
The Homeland circle will hold n public
meeting Sunday evening at the Congrega
tional church in discussion of the topic.
The negro in 1862 and 1909" Besides the
parts of two ministers several men and
women are expected to speak briefly on
phases of this subject which are now eX-
citing the attention Of our country.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1903-11-27
WEST ToWNSHEND.
Lleut. RAYMOND e. Wlswell.

Raymond T.. Wswel who died at his
home near Bridgeport, Ala, Nov. II, was
a native Of Windham county, having
been born i'm Athens, March 2G, 1927. He
was he third Child Of Seth and Sally
(Gloason) Wswel His father was a
tanner and carried on the business in
company with Artcmus Boutwell, below
where John Oai;cs lives. His father
died when he was four years old at
which time he went to live i'm the fam
lily Of his uncle, Samuel Wiswoll OF
Townshcnd, with whom he lived until he
was is. receiving his education i'm the
public schools and Leland and Cray Sem
mary. At the age Of is he went to Bos-
ton to work i'm a wholesale leather and
hide store, but not liking the business
he took up carpentering, working on the
Vermont q Massachusetts railroad some
time. and then settling i'm Arlington, VT
After few years he moved to Glens
Fails n. Y, following the business Of
contractor. The growing city OF Chic
ago offering better Inducements, he re-
moved to that place, where he worked
at his trade and engaged in the manu-
facture of billiard tables. Early in the
civil war he offered his services to his
country and received commission as
second lieutenant, serving as aid on the
staff Of Gen. Rosecrans and other gem
erals. When the first regiment Of United
States engineers was organized he was
commissioned a first lieutenant and
placed upon detached duty having charge
Of the water works Of Nashville. Tenn.
Upon the capture OF Bridgeport, Ala. he
was placed i'm charge of Notifications
from that place to Chattanooga holding
this position until the close of the war.
when it was decided to build national
cemeteries in which to bury the soldiers
who had fallen during the war. He
was then appointed superintendent of
Marietta, Ca, cemetery, and upon the
completion of the work was made as
sistant superintendent in building the
one at Chattanooga.
Mr.. Wiswel was held in high esteem
| by all who knew him. and although lv-
| ing in a Democratic community and hold
| ing Republican principles, he held many
| positions Of trust on being mustered
out of the service in 1865 he married Bet
| tie James OF Carpenter Ala, who died
| Aug. 20. last Seven children were born
! to them, four of whom survive. He was
/ the brother of Mrs. Sarah c. Carr of
| West Townshend. who is the only sur
vivor of the family. He made short
visit in this vicinity in 1865. In his social
| relations he was genial. and in his fam
! lily a kind husband and loving father.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1903-11-27
JACKSONVILLE.

Several sleighs were seen on the streets
Monday.
The village schools are having a vaca-
ton of two weeks.
Last Saturday morning was the coolest
this fall, six degrees above zero.
Newell pike has moved to Sheburne
Falls, Mass, to spend the winter
Mrs. Jennie Graham of Ogden, Utah,
is visiting her parents, MIR. and Mrs. o.
d. Kingsley.
Rev. Mr.. Woodman, pastor of the Con-
gregatlonal church in Wilmington, oc-
cupicd the pulpit of the Methodist church
last Sunday in exchange with Rev. Mr..
Wells.
Peter Strack, the new Charlemont stage
driver, has begun his work, and moved
his family to this place. He will live in
Freeman Hagers tenement, lately occu-
pied by the evergreen gathercrs
Although no order has yet been made
by the board Of health, on account of
small pox in Wilmington it is thought
wise to Vaccinatc as a precaution against
the dreaded disease, and to be very care
full about visiting where it may be con-
traCted.
Mrs. Charlotte Tyler died last Saturday
and was buried Monday. The funeral was
held at the Universalist church, Rev. T..
Il. Wells of Wilmington officiating. The
service was attended by large NUMBER
of people, testifying to the regard in
which Mrs Tyler was held in the COM
munity. The burial was in the village
cemetery beside her husband. Sam
uel tyler. Her only son, Henry ~, has
the sympathy Of the community.
The scholars in the primary school not
absent during last term are Grace Nit
chell, Leon IIager, Edith Bennett, Eva
Love- Helen Sprague, Louise Temple.
Calista Roberts, Ernest Pierce, Elmer
Cutting. Byron Sprague, Mildred Sprague
and Ada palrymple Absent one day on
account of sickness Myrtle Woodland,
Mabel Woodland and William Lowe. Three
pupils whose absence was not caused by
sickness are William Hall, Mamie Ben
nett and Addie Lowe. Although Helen.
Byron and Mildred Sprague We're five min
utes late one morning (the only instance
of tardiness). they deserve credit for the
constant and faithful effort they have
made to attend regularly during the en-
| tire year.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1903-11-27
BROOKIINb,

Mrs. L. L. Ranney is seriously ill.,
Miss Wiswal of Putney spent a week
with her grandmother.
Henry Sanders has left the employ of
Mrs. w. NJ. Ware and has returned to
Putney. Charles Jennison of Dover has
taken his place.
Mrs. j. Day of Woodcliff, n. j.. is spend
ing some time with her daughter Mrs.
Arthur Robbins. who has not been as
we'll the past few weeks.
c. NJ. Robbins was called to Springfield.
Mass, on Monday by the death of his
father. r. +. Robbins of that place. His
son, Arthur accompanied him.
School in No. will begin the winter
term Monday. Nov 80, and Miss Maud
Styles will return rs teacher. 1t is uncer-
tain about school No. l at this writing
Rev +. NJ. Wiswall of Newfane will
preach in the Baptist church in Brookline
next Sunday morning at II o'clock, in the
absence of the pastor. A cordial invita-
ton is extended to all to be present. 1t
is expected that a series of evangelistic
services will begin in the Baptist church
Tuesday evening, Dec. s. A general at
tendance from first to last is desired and
earnestly solicited.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1903-11-27
JAMAICA.

Miss Olive Shumway is spending the
vacation at home.
j. l.. Howard returned Saturday from
a visit in Windham.
Harry Knight has attended the store
this week for d. Eddy.
The ladies' aid met last week with Mrs.
McEwen and sewed for her.
Mrs. f. D. Tucker was at A. L. How
ards Saturday and Sunday.
Mr. and Mrs. F. A. Ballard spent
Thanksgiving at John Billiards. in Lud-
low.
Mr. and Mrs David Eddy went Tuesday
to Shushan, y. Y, 20 spend Thanksgiv-
ing.
a union Thanksgiving service was held
Thursday evening in the Congregational
church.
Committees for Christmas exercises
were chosen at the Baptist Sunday school
last Sunday.
j. H. Allen has moved from c. b. Alex
anders to +. G. Pierce's house near the
railroad station.
Mrs b. F. Howard went Monday to
Boston to be with her husband, who is
there for medical treatment.
Temperance Sunday was observed by
the Baptist Sunday school last Sunday
by special exercises, taking the place of
the regular lesson.
An address with stereopticon views was
given at the Congregational church Sun
day evening. The pictures illustrated the
life of Christ. Pastors Hartwell and Nc
Even had the service in charge.
The ladies' Industrial society met Tues
day with Mrs. +. c. Brigham. Plans are
being made for an entertainment with a
remembrance table to come some time
before Christmas.
Tba ChriGtiop will hold al
day meeting at the Baptist church next
Tuesday. An attractive program has been
arranged and the public generally are
invited to attend all the services.
The pupils in the lower department OF
the village schools who had no marks
during last term were Mark Mclean and
Lila Allen. Those who had tardy marks
but not absent marks We're Leon Bemis
Viola Bemis, Denny Leahy and Rufus
Pratt
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1903-11-27
SOUTH NEWT ANE.

Nearly all the schools in town will be-
gin next Monday, Nov. 80
The ladies' aid society will meet with
Mrs. C. f. Perry Thursday afternoon of
next week. There will be sociable in
the evening, to which all are invited.
w. NJ Ingram is building steam mill
on Stratton hill, and will employ several
men during the winter as he has bought
a large lot of standing timber
Rev. ]. II. Lingley, pastor of the Bap-
fist church, spent Thanksgiving with
his family in Worcester, Mass, and there
will be no preaching service next Sun
day. Sunday school at II o'clock
One day last week while ]. o. Metcalf
was driving from his mill to his house
the bit broke and slipped from the horse S
mouth, making the animal unmanage-
able. Mr. Metcalf jumped from the wag-
on, fearing that he would be thrown out,
and one ankle was sprained.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1903-11-27
GREEN RIVER.

Jonathan Peterson of Heath was in town
Monday.
Mrs. A. C. Clsbee, who has been con-
fined to the house several weeks by ill
ness, is improving.
Levi Boyden has finished work for l.,
E. Gates. Mr. Gates closed his cider
jelly mill last Saturday
Miss Mary Bracket went Tuesday to
Gardner, Mass, for n two weeks visit
with her sister, Mrs. b. a. Stanley.
John Thompson and family and Elwin
Canedy of Greenfield and Mrs. Marion
Thomas of Turner's Falls spent Saturday
and Sunday at d. NJ. Thompsons.
Mr. Hutchinson, who leased the C. s.
DeWolf farm last spring for two years.
moved last week, with his family, to the
north part of the state.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1903-11-27
WARDSBORO.

on account of Thanksgiving week school
did not begin as was expected. 1t will
begin next Monday with Mrs. Briggs
teacher.
Mrs Mariah Johnson. who has been in
Brattleboro three weeks. has returned
home. Her two daughters are home TO
spend their vacations.
The discount on taxes expires Dec. IL,
and the treasurer will be at South Wards
boro Dec. and at West Wardsboro Dec.
to accommodate the tax payers in those
parts Of the town.
Mrs Althea Terrell OF Brattleboro
came Saturday night to her sisters Mrs.
Luther Eamcs's. accompanied by her
father II. c. Bemis.
Tho A Il. club held their annual sup
per Thursday evening and it was enjoyed
by a large number of people. Music on
photograph and games completed the
evenings entertainment.
The A Il club met Thursday afternoon,
Nov. II, at Union hall to celebrate their
second anniversary, and to re0rganize.
The amount taken through the year 1902
03 was 80 amount payed out Sll3.4S,
leaving S35.56 in treasury. The past year
gained t55.25 over the year previous. We
hope for as good report the present
year. officers chosen We're as follows:
President Miss Carrie b. Whitcomb; vice
president. Mrs c. L. Morgan; secretary
and treasurer, Miss Carrie L. Ware; d
rcctors. Mrs. G. \. Briggs, Mrs. II. l..
Howard, Miss Angie knight. Mrs Pier
son Knapp. chaplain. Mrs. G. w Martin;
committee OF entertainment, Mrs. a. l..
Wheeler, Miss Carrie l.. Ware, c. T.
Morgan. Mrs Edith Brigham filled her
Office AS grandma Of the club" so sue
Ccssfully the past year that she was Civ
en- the same Office for the present year.
The cobweb social was success. II.
+. Knight gave reading. Music was
furnished 10y John Martin, which was very
much enjoyed, after which games We're
played, Sl0.35 was taken. The next
meeting will be Dec. 3, with Mrs Fred
Underwood.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1903-11-27
WEST HALIFAX.

Mrs. Martha Ballou is very i'll.
Mrs. George Morton, jr., and Mrs A. X.
Powers are visiting in town.
The school directors are getting lum-
Der to repair the village schoolhouse.
d. G. Taylor and Fred Cheney of Jack
sonville are putting in telephones this
week.
Considerable snow fell Tuesday, and
travel seems to be about equally divided
between wheels and runners.
Rev. L. W. Brigham of Chicago preach
ed an interesting and instructive dis
course to large congregation at the Uni
versalist church last Sunday. Mr.. Brig
ham will remain with friends here until
after Thanksgiving. When a young man
he lived here, and has many friends and
acquaintance who are always glad to
give him a good welcome and make it
pleasant for him to be with u.s.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1903-11-27
DUMMERSTON HILL

Amy Worden and Ray Betterley are i'll
with jaundice.
The first sleighride of the season in this
place was enjoyed Tuesday evening.
Mrs. Frank White and son of Worces-
ter, Mass, are at home with her parents
MIR. and Mrs. G. r. Wheeler.
There will be a meeting of the Woman's
Christian Temperance Union and of the
Loyal Temperance Legion at Mrs. G. r.
Wheeler's Saturday evening, Nov %.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1903-11-27
Card.

We, the undersigned, do hereby agree 10 re
fund the money ON II O-cenI bottle of Greene,
Warranted Syrup of Tar il il fails to cure yOui
cough or cold. We also guarantee a - cent
bottle to prove satisfactory or money refund
ed.
Thomas Pharmacy, Geo. f. Greene, Brook.
House Pharmacy, f. Ii. Holden & Co., Brat
tlebOrO.
j. l.. Stockwell West Brattleboro.
f. A. Temple g. Co.. Jacksonville.
NJ. s. Mann, Iinsdale, n. IL.
w. S. Holland, Townshend.
Barber Brothers. West Townshend.
N. NJ. Batchelder. Newiane.
C. e. Park, A. NJ. Mortified, Williamsville.
w. G. Halliday, East Dover.
A. f. Smith, Jamaica.
+. l.. Wheeler. Wardsboro.
Brown & Ryder. West Wardsboro.
A. NJ. COrser, NJ. G. Williams, Putney, Vt.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1903-11-27
EAST DOVER.

A good number of people attended the
concert given by a blind man at the Bap-
fist chapel last Saturday evening.
We had a good fall of snow Monday
and Tuesday, and one man was shedding
logs a part of the time.
The fall term of Cannon school, taught
by Miss Winifred Sherman, closed Nov
25. The attendapce was good. Verna
Metcalf, George Metcalf, Carl Metcalf,
Carl Howe and Earl Yeaw were not alb
sent during the term, and Walter Halla-
day, Harry May and Grace Sherman were
absent but one day. There was but one
instance of hardness and one of dis
missial. The winter term will begin Nov.
80.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1903-11-27

William Z. Kane. %, OF Waterbury,
died Nov -, from the effects of an in
ternal injury suffered at RoNbury a week
previous while he was riding in the
bumpers Of a freight train. Kane was
out on bail awaiting trial on a charge of
having forged the name of his father-in-
law Joseph Miner, to note. 1t is al
legged that he sold one of Mr.. Miners
cows and with the money made a trip
to Boston. lie became stranded there
and in order to reach home was obliged
to Jump" freight trains 1t is not
known just how he was injured. He said
he was very cold and for a moment let
go his hold on the trucks, when the
train was pulling into RoXbury, fell and
was badly bruised. He was kept over
night in that town and the next day
reached Waterbury. He leaves wife
and infant child.
Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1903-11-27
Still Knocking.
[St. Adams Messenger
} the Montpelier Argus:

Says the Montpelier Argus:
"Brattleboro people have just discov-
cred that the mother Of Mayor Mcclellan,
OF New York, was a native of their town.
Thus another celebrity is made a part of
the local history of the town on the Con-
necticut."
The Brattleboro contemporaries will do
The Messenger the kindness to bear in
mind that this paper did not originate
this little poke at their pardonable local
vanity. The Messenger used to poke,
too, once upon time, but it stopped in
despair when it was informed that the
beautiful town OF Brattleboro- on the
Swine was on the point of claiming the
whole of the book of Numbers as the first
village directory.