davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1903-08-15
Missouri Fruit Prospects.

We are very sure that the apple
crop is gone on all low lands and in
some instances well up on the hill
sides. On the high lands the apples
are injured the least.
We cannot count on more than sc
per cent of an apple crop, on an av
erage over the state. One-half a cror
means many apples, and we still hope
for the best of it. Injury by the can.
ker worm has been bad in many in
stances also. From all reports in the
East we find that the Baldwins have
failed to bloom, and that is the same
as it we should lose our Ben Davis
The prospect is therefore good for q
strong demand for our apples again
The peach crop is virtually gone ali
over southern Missouri in all the large
orchards. Some orchards in central
and northern Missouri, in protected
localities, will have peaches, and also
some OF the older well-protected or
chards in southern Missouri will have
few peaches up to, in some instances,
~ per cent, but the great crop is gone
Pears will be about 20 per cent, trees
blighting badly. Plums vary from 50
per cent to full crop in some very spe
cial locations. Cherries on all high
land show up we'll, much better than
could be expected after the severe
freeze of May list. Grapes suffered
the worst, nearly all the young growth
being killed; but as grapes have sec
ondary buds which will come out and
bloom and bear when the first ones
are killed, so we may still expect a
fair crop of grapes, and the only diff
ference will be that they will ripen
later. Raspberries and blackberries
were not injured much, and we can
still feel sure Of full crop of both
these berries. Strawberries have al.
ways let of indeterminate buds at
the crown that never amount to any.
thing unless injury happens to the
first blossoms; so we shall here, also;
have a good crop of strawberries.-L.
A. Goodman, State Horticultural Soct
ETY., Kansas City. Mo.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1903-08-15
Finds Dairyinq Profitable,

From Farmers Review: l am in
the dairy business and retail milk in
the city at four and five cents per
quart. -Four cents in gallon quanti-
ties at one place, and five for less
amount. I have twenty-eight COWS,
mostly Durhams and the rest Jerseys.
l feed corn fodder, hay, bran and
sugar beets. The corn fodder is not
husked but fed grain and all together.
Have no silo, but think 1 could do
better if had one. Have found dairy
business a profitable one. Geo.
Winter, Mecosta County, Michigan.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1903-08-15
POULTRY
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Raising Bronze Turkeys.

From Farmers Review: Among
the many things learned in my expe-
rience with the bronze turkeys, will
name briefly a few. In the success
full breeding of a stock of turkeys
the most essential point is vigor, then
size and then fine markings of
plumage. The fancier must consider
size, because nine out of every ten
want size. l have had the best sue
cess with pullets of from 16 to 20
pounds, and old hens, 10 to % pounds.
They lay eggs Of more fertility than
larger hens. They are more active
and healthy and make better moth
ers. The extremely large and over
fat hens generally lay odd-shaped
eggs and but few of them and often
break them. The tom has more in
fuence on shape and color of off,
spring than does the female. He
should be as near perfection in typi-
cal carriage and color Of plumage as
is possible to get, and of medium
size and plenty of vigor. like a
tom of the pit game nature, as they
are sure to get good healthy pullets.
A good vigorous tom will mate with
IL or 20 hens. Turkey hens should
be very carefully fed, if fed at all
during laying season. Turkeys that
have free range do not need much
feed, as they can pick up nearly all
they need, unless it is large flock.
1t is good plan to feed meat once
a week, as it has tendency to make
the eggs more fertile. In the rearing
of young turkeys, never let the young
ones get wet. The slightest damp
ness is fatal. Nine-tenths of young
turkeys die from lice. Dust them
with insect powder three times a
week. Also the mother. Feed on
rolled oats, corn pone. millet seed and
curds. Ground bone and fine gravel
should be provided. l have had best
results by fencing of large parks
with poultry netting and keeping my
focks of turkeys in them during the
breeding season. This saves the
watching and long walks for the eggs.
Ii confined, the turkeys must be fed
a balanced ration. Successful turkey
raising, like all other occupations,
comes from putting good common
sense into practice and watching the
details.-Elmer Gimlin, Christian
County, Illinois.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1903-08-15
Foreign Corn Varieties.

w. H. Olin, of the Iowa Agricultural
college, has begun some very interest
ing experiments with corn. He con.
ceived' the idea of getting corn from
all parts Of the world where corn IS
grown, and attempting to grow it in
Iowa. Some of the varieties that re-
Quire longer season than that found
in 1ewa. he will start in pots in the
house and afterward transplant to the
open ground, in the hope of getting
the. seed matured before frost, Mr..
:Olin has been quite successful in Sc
curing. new and interesting varieties.
Some of these differ from our own
enormously. The kernels of some va
rieties are very pretty, bearing little
resemblance to- the varieties usually
grown in this country. Among the
countries from which he has received
seed are Mexico, Peru, Chile, Brazil
and Russia. He is expecting consign-
ments from several other countries.
The introduction of these varieties
may result in very valuable discoy.
cries. These varieties differ so great
~ from our own that it. is only req
sonable to suppose that they have
been grown under very different con.
dttions from our own as to soil. eli.
mate and moisture supply. So they
may. be able to do well in locations
where our American varieties fail.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1903-08-15
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Improving Iowa Butter.

Improving Iowa Butter.
The test of dairy butter. being con-:
Quoted by Prof G. L. Mckay Of the
Iowa Experiment Station, is doing
much to improve the quality of the
butter being produced by. the cream
cries OF that state. Arrangement has
been made with large number OF
creameries by WHICH their butter is
tested. The contest is to last twelve
months. The blank that is filed by
each man that sends In a sample of
butter is very complete and requires
the answering of questions that will
shed a great deal of light on the
practices followed in Iowa. Among
the questions asked are, date of max.
ing the butter, whether from hand
separator cream or from whole milk,
condition of milk or cream at time of
making the sample, manner of heating
the milk previous to skimming. per-
centage of tat in cream after starter
was ADDED, quantity of starter used,-
kind OF starter, ripening temperature,
degree of acidity, churning tempera-
ture, amount of salt used. In scoring
the butter, IS points are allowed for
flavor, rs for body, Is for color, 10.
for salt and for style. The butter
as soon as received is scored by Pro-
lessor Mckay. After being kept for.
some days it is shipped to New York
and there scored by Mr.. Healy, an
expert Judge of butter. The chemist
then analyses the butter, and it is
often surprising how his work carries.
out the opinions of the Judges. The
chemist settles the questions as to.
fat, moisture, curd, salt and ash.
These judgings and the analyses,
show many things about each sample
CT butter, and indicate where the
maker could improve his work. A full
report is sent to the maker of the
sample and the best course to improve
his product pointed out. Sometimes,
when the case seems to- demand it,,
the inspector is sent to the creamery
and the buttermaker shown how to
overcome the obstacles in the way of
making f1rst-class butter This is
good work, but it is done with a
handicap, as Iowa has but a single
Inspector. Canada has 80 inspectors
for the butter and cheese factories,
and Minnesota has six. Nevertheless,
we are confident ttat good work is
being done, and that Iowa butter will
continue to improve.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1903-08-15
Demand for Mohair.

Demand Tor Mohair. as>.,4 .aese -
~, AT the last national live stock: CON con.
vention, w. c. Bailey said: II the
Angora has come to stay, one naturally
wishes to know what is the source of
income from an investment in the in
oustry. In coming to this meeting
many OF you rode in cars upholstered
with line plush. You did not question
the 1act that it was fine and durable,
nor old you think that it was made of
monalr, the product of the Angora
goat. The fleece of the Angora, then,
Is one OF the valuable products of this
animal. 1t has been only few years
since an energetic English manufac.
turer found a few bags of new lus-
trous, silky fiber in London market.
Inc dealers considered this fiber al.
most worthless, as no one wished to
purchase it. Sir Titus Salt, Bart, saw
tnat something could be done with this
new material, and he not only bought
all that he could find in London, but
also learned where these lots had come
from. 1t was not long before all OF
~-~ AAAAoA SAAPs duOuALluS duuu
ally to about 10 million pounds, was
coming to Bradford, England, for man
u1acture. The demand for raw ma
terlal grew SO rapidly that the En-.
gllsh sought to increase the supply by
introducing the Angora into South AT
RIGA. To-day South Africa produces
as much mohair as Asia Minor, and
England and America compete for this
raw material. Last year we produced
over million pounds Of mohair, which
sold for from twenty to forty-flve cents
per pound, and our American mills
consumed over million pounds. II
Will take some years to produce
enough mohair for home consumption
but 1t must be understood that home
consumption is increasing as rapidly
as home production. 1t has only been
lew years since our mohair mills
were established; now they are max
ing dress goods, braids, Innings and in
Vulnerable other things for which mo
hair is particularly adapted on account
OF its luster and durability, and as the
production of raw material increases
new mills are being started.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1903-08-15
creamery Buttermakers.

From Farmers Review:-Tae OK.
ecutive committee earnestly re-
quests brttermakers and others in
terested in the welfare of the National
Creamery Buttermakers' Association
to send in suggestions regarding the
next annual convention and subjects
they think need discussion at the
sessions. The committee is DESTROYS
of preparing program that will be
both interesting and instructive, and
invites the cooperation of ALL. Address
communications to E. Sudendorf, Sec
rotary, N. c. B. Association, Elgin,
Illinois.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1903-08-15
Water From Creameries.

"A number Of dairy and creamery
journals have been discussing the
question of using the waste water
from creameries for the purpose of
irrtgation. The water is applied with
ina short distance of the creameries
to- vegetables and flower gardens.
Such use OF the waste water is certain
1y a commendabie one, and would be-
especially sensible in the states where
there is a deficiency in the rainfall.
Using the water in this way both gets
rid Of the water and gets a profit out
Of it.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1903-08-15
Bio Tax on Qieo

After the oleomargarine law went
into effect last year, one Chicago
manufacturer continued to manufac-
ture the yellow brand, using an oil
for that purpose. He claimed to be
complying with the law, The revenue
officers thought differently. and took
the matter into, court. The decision
aRsagainst the manufacturer, and the
latter now has an accumulated tax Of
$50, 900 to pay. i Meanwhile all at
tempts Of the o1eomargarine interests
% have the Law declared unconstitu-
Gonal have failed. .@:. s .7s= ~ /:
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1903-08-15
Cutting Fodder for Horses.

1t Is perhaps the general opinion
That when horses have ample time for
chewing and digesting their feed there
is no necessity for chatting or cutting
nay and straw. When the time for
feeding is limited chatting and cutting
coarse fodder is regarded as advan-
tageous. This is an item of special
Importance with hard-worked horses
kept in the stable only at night. Fur
thermore, chaffed feed occupies less
space for storage than uncut hay or
straw, and can be readily handled.
Shreddlng corn fodder is regarded as
an economical practice, but apparent
~ lew experiments on the comparative
merits OF shredded and whole corn fod-
der for horses have yet been reported.
NO marked variation was observed in
the weights of two lots of horses fed
whole and cut timothy or whole and
cut alfalfa and clover hay mixed, in
a test carried on at the Utah Station.
AT the Maryland Station, in studies
OF the digestibility of a number of
whole and ground feeds, it was found
that grinding corn shives-that is,
cornstalks from which the blades,
husks and pith are removed-until the
material resembled coarse bran, did
not destroy it's value as a coarse fod-
der, and that the Underground mate
rial supplied the necessary bulk to the
ration as well as the same material
unground. It was further claimed
that the Underground coarse fodder
possessed an advantage over the un-
ground material. in that it could be
mixed with grain to form a well-bal-
anced ration and fed to horses on ship
board, or under similar conditions,
more readily than unground fodder
and grain.-Government Bulletin,
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1903-08-15
Sheep Scab from Stock Yards.

SHeeP oCdo from STOCK Yards.
The season is approaching when
some feeders will 60 to the stock
yards to purchase sheep for fall feed
ing. Those who will do SO will not
have had the benefit of previous ex.
perience. Those having such expert
ence will as rule have found the
venture Improbable. One of the causes
OF the Improbable side is the danger
OF Introducing scab. This disease is
parasitic and the stock yards are per-
manently infected. Sheep passing
through the yards, although free from
disease when entering, seldom escape
without infection. The regulations of
the Bureau Of Animal Industry seek
to control the danger by keeping sep
arate pens for affected sheep, and to
prevent the spread by requiring that
all diseased sheep intended for sale
for feeding purposes shall be dipped
twices at an interval of ten days, and
all other sheep not affected, but in.
tended for feeding purposes. shall be
dipped once before shipment.
This department has been making a
special effort to trace the origin of all
cases Of scab reported from this state,
and from the findings, concludes that
these regulations are insufficient. OF
the last 1906 head of scabby sheep
reported, it has been found that 4,161
had previously come from the stock
yards or fed with sheep coming from
the yards, This leaves only 345 cases
Of scab reported as coming from our
farms. The loss upon the 4,161 head
was greater than the profits upon all
those purchased for feeding purposes
that did not develop disease. Besides,
this large number gives us the repu-
tation Of having scab, that Is not de.
served. Greater security can be Sc.
cured by dipping upon the farm, but
our advice IL to let the stock yards
sheep alone. n. "a. Craig, 11diana Ex
pertinent Station. 81 B. S z.5s {:
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1903-08-15
To XIII chinch BUGS,

The Maine Station is sending ad-
vice as to the fall and winter treat
ment of the chinch bugs. It RECON-
mends three methods: a..
!. Burning. Where there Is consid-
cradle clover mixed with the hun
garian or timothy the, bugs are very
likely to winter over beneath the clo-
yer which borders for a few feet or
yards Immediately upon the spot
where they have stopped injuring the
grass. It such a strip be moved close
ly by hand and allowed to dry for q
few days it may be burned over and
quantities Of tie bugs will be killed.
II this burning. be done after the
ground has frozen, little, if any, injury
will be done to the crop. All rubbish
such as dried grass and weeds along
the edges OF fields, brush heaps, dead
leaves, bark and chips, clumps of wild
grasses, sedge grasses, etc., in nearby
fields should he burned as completely
as possible.
2. Spraying. Chinch bugs are
quickly killed by kerosene or kerosene
emulsion, but it is essential that it be
thoroughly applied. The bugs are so
protected by the clover and grass that
1t is almost impossible to reach them
by ordinary spraying Sprinkling
freely over the infested spots will usu-
ally be etfectual, but will probably kill
the grass also. Clumps of sedge or
wild grass in which careful examina-
ton shows the bugs to be abundant
might be sprinkled thoroughly with
kerosene and then burned, thus kill
Ing bugs which had crowded deep
down among the bases of the plants,
where the flames alone might not
reach them.
3. Flowing. Where bugs are found
In considerable numbers at the edges
OF spots which they have eaten over,
they may be destroyed by blowing I'M
der the strip in which they are hiding.
Deep blowing, however, is necessary,
followed by dragging and rolling in
order to completely cover under all
vegetation and close up all holes or
passages through which the bugs
might make their way to the surface.
II used promptly and thoroughly,
these methods are also applicable
when the bugs are found to be work
ing during early summer and are all
the more effective because the bugs
do not scatter over the whole field,
but stay together in comparatively
small areas or strips, and If they are
promptly killed over such patches
further injury for the season will be
very much lessened.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1903-08-15

+ When the Europeans first came t.
this country they found maize grow.
Ing all over the continent from the
southern limits of Chill and Argen5
tine to what is now Canada. 5s s
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1903-08-15
Some Irritation Profits,

The United States Department of
Agriculture reports a series of expert
ments for testing the effect of irriga-
tion and fertilization on sandy soils,
such as are common in large sections
OF Michigan, Wisconsin and Minneso-
ia. These lands are poor in plant
food, and retain so little moisture that
all attempts to farm them have failed
Inc experiments included the supply
ing OF both manure and water. Ma
nure alone was Of little use, as there
was not water enough to make the
plant food available. Water alone pro.
duced good results, but the applica-
ton OF both gave the best results. The
cost OF irrigation was $3.50 per acre,
and the net gain from irrigation was
as follows: Potatoes, $50 per acre;
corn, 81 per acre; watermelons, $58
per acre; muskmelons, $45 per acre.
From these experiments it seems that
with special crops irrigation of the
sandy lands is profitable, but the in
crease in yield of corn is not enough
to justify the expense of securing a
water supply. In New Jersey water
has been used on small fruits and veg
etables, and the added returns due
to irrigation vary a great deal with
the seasons. Some years no irrigation
is needed, in others all crops need it.,
but in most years some crops are
helped by it. Professor voorhees,, who
has charge Of this work, reports that
in his opinion irrigation where tried
has paid well. Pumping from streams
or wells is the most common way of
getting water for fruit and garden ir-
rlgation. Small plants furnishing wa
ter enough for from five to ten acres,
including pump and engine, cost from
5000 to $500.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1903-08-15

In the Smithsonian institution at
Washington is an ear of, corn found
with a mummy. in grave in Peru.
1t must have been placed there hun.
dreds of years before the discovery
Of this country by white men. The
kernels are arranged on the cob in
thirteen rows. ss..,. H.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1903-08-15
Government Crop Statistics.

Preliminary statistics compiled by
the staistican of the Department Of
Agriculture indicate that the spring
wheat acreage of the United States
for 1903 is FL per cent less than the
acreage of last year, the decrease
being chiefly in Minnesota, South
Dakota and Iowa. The average of
condition June /, was $50 per cent,
Iowa and Washington reporting the
lowest average. The average condi-
ton OF winter wheat on the same date
is computed at S2.2 against a ten-year
average Of 1911. The area sown to
oats is said to be 27,732,O 900 acres or
80 per cent less than last year, and
the average condition June l, was 85.5
against a ten-year average of 9O.2.
Figures on the barley acreage indicate
an Increase Of IL per cent over last
years area, and the average of condi-
ton Is given as 91.5 against 88.7. the
ten-year average. The rye acreage on
the contrary is said to have decreased
SO per cent, the average of condition
being 90.6 against ter-year average
of 80. The principal clover states also
report q decrease in the acreage de-
voted to that crop, the decrease rang.
ing fro1191 per cent in Pennsylvania,
Michigan and Illinois, to 8 per cent in
Iowa and Kansas.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1903-08-15

Il has been estimated that each
corn plant produces from ten to TWEEN.
~ millions grains Of pollen. ;55
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1903-08-15
'Raisinq Pigs by Hand.

Il
From Farmers Review: The trio
Of Chester White pigs saved from the
unnatural mother (mentioned in for
mer issue Of the Farmers Review
were given cows milk after forty
eight hours old, and are now at twen-
ty-eight days, as fine q lot of pigs as
any one need wish for. We had no
fresh cows milk, SO gave what We
had. AS it was Jersey milk, It was
given somewhat diluted, and never
cold or tainted the first two weeks.
They were fed often and never quite
all they would have eaten. After sew
en- days we gave little oatmeal mush
and wheat bread crumbs with the
milk. At two weeks cornmeal mush
was gradually substituted, until now
they will eat quite lot of 1t, and are
given fresh sour milk. They run in
a grassy place in the day; at night
an old hotbed containing their sleep.
Ing box is their home.
or course we did not get up in the
night to feed them after they were
ten days old. For the cracks that
came on their ears and tails, vaseline
and sweet milk were used as ONT
ments, with satisfactory results. We
have raised several fine calves by
hand, and conclude the main thing is
TO never feed young things cold or
tainted milk, and never to give quite
all they want. This of course means
when they are young. It is SO much
easier to keep them healthy than to
Doctor them back to health If they
once get "off''' in any; way. It is, Of
course, necessary to keep them dry
and warm.-Emma Clearwaters.