davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15
A Use or Burlaps,

Inexpensive rugs for the veranda
are difficult Il find. Mating rugs are
pretty. but they have tendency to
curl up at the corners. which inter-
feres with their utility. A woman
who has studied the possibilities of
veranda decoration good deal has
solved this question to her own mind
satisfactorily.
Il bought broad green burlap," she
saiS "and cut it into several rugs Of
different sizes, which | hemmed to
prevent ravelling. Then. with an ivo-
ry crochet hook, | made border Of
green felting by cutting it into very
narrow strips-less than an eighth of
an inch in width. These l pulled
through the burlap with my hook in
loops. A few rows of these weighted
my rugs nicely, and made a pretty
bordering the two shades of green
according well together and looking
cool and pretty on my vine covered
porch. New York Tribune.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15
Poor soiled Worked Rich.

The physical condition of soil IL
nearly always of more importance than
mere richness in plant food. The chem
ical composition of soil Is not neces-
sarily measure of its productive ca
pacity, since plant food Is of no conse-
quence unless the plant can make use
of 1t. If now, there is sufficient ma
terial available to produce only a
stunted growth of trees and grass at
the same time, u is evident that the
surface application of additional food
may temporarily stimulate the growth
of both. Hard, lumpy soils, however,
will not produce good crops, no matter
how much fertilizer may be applied,
and there is no doubt that the number
of worn out" farms i'm New England
is much smaller than is generally sup
posed. The average New England hill
side contains a sufficient amount of
food material, or nearly so, to insure
good crops If the land is properly ham
died; the tillage, by improving the tex
ture of the soil, is the key to unlock
this store of wealth. By fining the soil,
and thus increasing the feeding surface
for the roots, by increasing the depth,
and thus giving a greater foraging
area; by warming and drying the soil
in the spring; and by reducing the ex-
tremes of temperature and moisture,
the physical condition will be rendered
best for giving up the accumulated
plant food. The increased water-hold-
ing capacity of the soil, as a result OF
tillage, is also an important factor In
successful crop production. since, as
rule, the amount of water which falls
during the growing season Is entirely
inadequate for the growth of plants
during that time.
Naturally those soils which are open
and porous, which contain large
number of spaces between the parti-
cles, will retain the moisture to better
advantage, and will give better oppor-
tunity for the roots Of plants to pene-
trate them and take up the food-laden
moisture there stored than will COM
pact soil-in the same way that
sponge will take up larger amount of
water than a block of wood. BY deep
plowing, thorough working, and the
addition of organic matter by means
of cover crops. this spongy condition
desired is obtained, and the growth of
orchard crops as well as of farm and
garden crops is fostered.-Prof. w. NJ.
Munson, in American Cultivator
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15
Sawdust as a Fertilizer.

The country sawmill that moves
from farm to farm leaves a sawdust
heap to be in the way for several years.
Occasionally we find farmers who be-
lieve that sawdust will kill ground be-
cause the sawdust yard will not so
much as grow weeds. A very heavy
dressing of freshly made sawdust
would probably do damage to some
plants, especially If the dust is made
reason for losing the use of the old
msllyard for several years to allow the
old sawdust pile to rot down until It
may be turned under without removing
any sawdust. Instead of being an OBJ
struction or nuisance the old sawdust
heap may be made source of profit
If used on Strawberries, onions and
potatoes or small fruits, old sawdust
makes an excellent mulch. 1t not only
holds the moisture In the soil beneath
and smothers the weeds, but forms an
excellent carpet for keeping clean all
berries that may come in contact with
1t. A sawdust covering of about two
inches in depth on the onion bed will
prevent all but the larger weeds from
coming through, and will make II very
easy to gather the onions in the fall.
Even in the very warmest weather the
sawdust may be found quite moist
where it comes in contact with the
earth, while the covered soil is always
full of moisture. A great advantage Of
the sawdust mulch for strawberries is
the ease with which 1t may be spread
between the growing plants so as to
keep down all troublesome weeds and
grass.
Besides acting as a mulch, sawdust
scattered on the surface soon rots and
adds humus to the soil. Well rotted
sawdust thoroughly worked into a soil
adds plant food. Fertility similar to
that contained in the rich leaf mold
that characterizes our virgin soils may
De in great degree restored to the
long-cultivated area by covering its
surface with well-rotted sawdust. Near
many cities and towns straw Is expen-
sive, but the sawmills near the place
are only too glad to have the sawdust
refuse taken out of their way. Fresh
sawdust, used in stables for bedding,
while not as good as straw, does not
injure the value of the manure, a.
many suppose. The green dust when
scattered with the manure I'm the field
Is not In sufficient quantity to affect
growing crops.-Indtanapolis NewA
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15

began. To accomplish this many meth.
DDS we're devised, but mono were prac-
ticable. Finally, one day in the winter
OF 1900-01, when | was thinking OF
these problems, the thought came to
me to seal up the graft with coat
of shellac varnish. So in the spring
Of 1901 | grated lot of pecan, hick-
ory and walnut by the old cleft method
and later when the bark peeled by the
bark graft method, covering the scion
and union with a coat of shellac
varnish after tying and waxing the
CRAFTS in the usual manner. The graft
flying result was that over so percent
grew. In the spring Of 1902 l again
grated some pecan, hickory and wal
nut in the same manner. But as the
scions used came from distance
and were cut too early, my success was
not quite so good. But enough grew
so that | saved every variety. I have
found tnat the best success follows
when the scions are cut as late as pos
sible; Just before the buds swell.
feel confident that we now can
graft all nuts with reasonable success,
and look for rapid advance In this in
teresting line of horticulture -Pracu-
cal Fruit Grower.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15
enough without the addition of much
trimming.
woman's Blouse.


Broad collars are becoming to the
greater number of womankind and are
exceedingly effective on the dainty
blouses now in vogue The very pretty
May Manton waist illustrated shows
one of novel sort and is made of pale
blue louisine silk with trimming of
ecru lace. The design, however, suits
thin cotton and linen fabrics as we'll
ms those of silk and wool. The original
is made over the fitted lining, but this
last can be omitted when washable
fabrics are useI.
The blouse is made with a fitted
foundation and consists Of plain
back, and fronts that are tucked at
their upper portions and Joined to a
round yoke. This big collar lies fiat
and is cut in wedge-shaped pieces at
its inner edge. the points of which are
attached to the shield and under which
the ribbon is passed. The shield and
stock are separate and are attached
TO the waist beneath the collar. When
desired they can be omitted and the
waist worn with an open neck. The
sleeves are tucked above the elbows
and form the fashionable puffs at the
wrists. where they are gathered into
pointed cuffs.
The quantity OF material required
for the medium size Is four and three.
quarter yards twenty-one inches wide,
four yards twcnty-seven inches wide,
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15
CLOTHING,
Patriotism In China.

Persons accustomed to regard the
Chinese as a people devoid of pa.
triotism will read with agreeable sur
prise the reports of meeting of Chi.
nese students held in Shanghai. The
gathering, which was attended by Chi.
nese of both sexes, received a protest
by telegraph from Chinese students
In Toxic against the Russian advance
In Manchuria The telegram stated
that the Chinese students in Japan
had urged the government at Picking
to declare war on Russia, and had
offered their services as volunteers TO
march In the van of the army against
the enemy When the message had
been read to the assembled students
a demonstration occurred remarkable
as indicating the growth OF new sen.
tlment in China. The applause was
deafening, and then q Chinese Cicero
gained the ear of the assembly. Are
we not the same as the students at
Tokio?" ~ asked. Are not all here
In this hall Chinese also? And ought
we to remain idle and Indifferent when
those far away have given the ex.
ample and have showed themselves
the patriots they are?" Whereupon the
orator led nearly the entire male ppr.
tion Of the audience to the grass plot
without the hall, where they faced
toward Japan and saluted their coun.
trymen in Toxic. What does 1t all
mean? We have been told that the
Chinese Empire is merely an aggrega-
uon Of provinces, each governed by q
viceroy, who is answerable to the
Peking government only in the loosest
manner. But 1t has come to pass In
Shanghai that Chinese students, gath.
er together under the rules Of a West.
ern deliberative body, have applauded
words Of patriotism from Chinese lips;
nor must we overlook the fact that
Chinese women sat In that assembly.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15
AwgBlEES84P&AI ESi84} g
Cost Of Feeding.

Investigations have shown that II is
often best to modify a ration, for in
stance, by substituting corn wholly or
in part, for oats, so that the horses re-
main in good condition, while at the
same time the cost of the ration Is dim
inished. Where large numbers of
horses are fed, this is often matter Of
considerable importance.
The cost of a ration made up of the
ordinary grains and coarse folders has
been investigated by at least two ex-
pertinent stations The Massachusetts
station recorded the kinds and
amounts of foods consumed by three
farm horses for five years, with view
to learning the average cost of the
daily feed. In the different years the
cost of the ration, which consisted of
hay. corn, oats and other common feed
ing stuffs, varied from 1876 to PAS cents
per head daily.
Using mixed-grain rations according
to the New Hampshire station, the av-
erage cost of feed per horse per year
was s74.32. The average cost for feed
per hours work performed during the
two years covered by the test was 3.i
cents.-American Cultivator.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15
woman's shirred waist.

Soft materials shirred make one of
the most attractive features of the
seasons styles and are exceedingly be-
coming to slender figures. The very
stylish waist illustrated in the large
drawing shows them used after a
novel fashion and can be made with n
low round neck, or high neck finished
with stock collar as may be preferred.
The model Is made of cream-colored
silk null and Is trimmed with lace at
the edges Of the sleeves, but very soft
and pliable material is appropriate.
The waist consists of fitted lining
.on which the shirred portions are ar
ranged. The waist proper is shirred
to yoke depth, then falls in soft full
folds to the belt. The sleeves are
;shirred from shoulders to elbows and
are arranged over a lining which
serves to keep the shirrings in place,
but fall in dropping frills below that
point
The quantity of material required
for the medium size Is five and half
yards twenty-one inches wide, four
yards twenty-seven inches wide. three
and a half yards thity-two inches
wide or two yards forty-four inches
wide.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15
We've Enouoh Coffee for a Year.

II is estimated that there are now
some eleven and one-quartsr million
bags Of coffee in stock in various parts
of Europe and the United States, SO
that, If no more coffee were imported
from the coffee-producing countries,
there Is nearly sufficient stock on
hand to supply the worlds consump-
ton for another year. BY this may be
Judged the difficult proposition which
was before the delegates in the inter
national conference from the coffee
producing countries to increase the
price of their product. AS long as
Brazil continues to grow fifteen and
one-half million bags of coffee, which
was nearly the amount of her last
years product. and about the estimated
amount of the worlds consumption,
there is little chance of getting a bet.
ter price.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15
To Xanqulsh Moths.

Among the new moth preventives
that will appeal to the housekeeper
who cannot boast as yet of having
solved the moth problem, are one or
two effectual ones. One of these Is
nothing more than the bark of an
Oriental tree shaved finely. Another
preventive is a compound Of camphor
mived with the dried leaves Of spicy
herb.
In the shops are to be seen moth
bags, which are warranted never to
fail. They come in various sizes, some
large enough to contain an overcoat.
There are also moth proof boxes and
hat boxes, that are none the less in
fallible, besides moth proof papers.
powders, pastes and sticks. There are
also lavender flowers and the dried
blossoms of certain immortelles, whose
pungent odors are great improvement
upon the old fashioned moth prepara-
tions.
The newest addition to some OF the
more modern houses is a cedar or
camphor lined storeroom at the top
of the house, or cedar-lined closets
and chests. OF course, the treatments
of the garments. before they are
packed away is half the battle. When
the clothes are properly cleaned and
folded there is much less chance of
the moths attacking them than 9TH
erwise.-American Queen.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15
Gapes In Chickens.

Gapes are produced by a little white
worm in the chickens throat. The best
preventive is to make sure of healthful
conditions for the fowls. They should
have free range and an abundance of
their natural animal food. Another i'm
portant rule change roosters every
year. The poultry will be healthier.
Give a very little boiled yolk of the
egg when they are a DAY or two from
the shell. Chickens often have their
constitutions undermined by being
overfed when very young. After they
are a week old, feed literally with
variety Of grain, such as cracked
corn, barley, oats, refuse from the table
animal food, etc. If a chick does we'll
he will grow half an ounce a day, or
pound month. AS a preventative of
gapes, stir up their pudding with vine
gar instead of water once in a while,
say twice week, and give them a lit
tie black pepper If, in spite of these
precautions, you have chick when he
Is about the size of a robin, breathing
as though he had bad cold and cough
mouth as though something choked
him, his case must be attended to at
once, or he will never grace the break
fast table as "spring chicken" Take
small, slender quill, about five inches
long, and strip off the feathers on oen
side, Dip 1t in a mixture of melted
butter and black pepper; holding its
mouth open with the thumb Of the left
hand, carry the feather down the little
fellows throat as far as possible, twist
ing 1t as it is withdrawn. Repeat the
operation several times. II done with
some SKILL the feather will often bring
up small white worm. But the oil and
pepper, If well spread over them makes
them feel so sick at their stomachs
that they let go their hold on the
chickens throat and die. Bad cases
have been cured with two or three ap-
plications.-Ella NJ. Hess, in The Epi-
tomist.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15
Pruning Before Planting.

The inexperienced fruit grower un-
derstands full well that his best sue
cess will come from giving the trees
and plants he sets every opportunity
to get good start, hence he never
concerns himself about the crop except
as something he expects 20 have in the
future. The inexperienced, in setting
small fruit plants, keeps uppermost in
mind a possible crop the next season,
the one Immediately following planting
and therefore his chief concern Is to
preserve all the growth the plant has
at the time of setting. Raspberry and
blackberry plants should be cut back
close to the ground at the time they
are set, while currant and gooseberry
one-half. With strawberry plants, 1t
pays to keep the blossoms picked off
the season directly following planting,
unless, of course, the plants are those
grown in pots and set in midsummer
for fruiting the following season. The
amount of pruning that should be done
on newly set trees depends somewhat
on the trees as received. Peach trees
are usually cut back to single whip
while the growth on other trees is re-
duced from one-third to two-third. de-
pending, as stated, on the condition of
the tree at the time it is received. This
rigorous pruning means that the tree
or plant has no old growth to sustain,
but that all of its vitality may be
thrown into the production of new
wood after it gets secure hold on the
soil. l...,.,
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15
Grating Nut Trees.

Nuts are the most profitable tree
fruits to grow and they seldom miss a
crop. An Illinois man tells how the
trees can be successfully grated He
says:
There has for some years been con-
siderable interest manifested in nut
culture by few enthusiasts OF late
much more interest has been shown by
the general public in this subject. But
not great progress has as yet been
made. owing to the difficulty so far
found in the matter of propagation.
Nuts, like fruits, will not reproduce the
improved varieties from seed, hence
not much headway could be made in
this interesting branch Of horticulture.
For some years have been giving
the propagation Of nuts by grating
and budding good deal Of study and
made many experiments without meet
ing with success. Finally came to the
conclusion that success depended on
retaining the moisture In the scion un-
NJ a union could be formed and growth
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15
walking Suits of silk.

Shepherds plaid in black or blue
with white, and in louisine or taffeta Is
grande mode for short morning suits
in shirt-walst style. Shot taffetas are
still modish for the purpose, and the
gun-mctal effects are quite as popular
as they were last year. Satin foulards
are no longer ultra-fashionable, but
have much to recommend them for
summer morning and shopping suits.
and for travelling rs well. They shed
the dust and are decidedly cooler than
any other fabric except sheer cotton
or linen.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15
Recipes.

Orange Frosting-Put the grated
rind of one orange. half teaspoon of
lemon Juice one tablespoon of orange
juice in a bowl; let stand Is minutes;
strain and add gradually to the yolk
of one egg beaten little; stir in con-
fectioner's sugar until the right con-
sistency.
Cheese Salad Dressing-Put two ts-
blespoonfuls of soft grated cheese in
a mortar and pound it until perfect
ly smooth. Season with teaspoonful
of salt and a little cayenne. Add a
tablespoonful of vinegar e.ld rub per-
fectly smooth. Then add enough oil
to moisten.
Green Pea Timbale for Soup-Mash
half a cup Of cooked green peas and rub
them through a colander or sieve. Mix
with spoonful Of soup stock and the
beaten whites of three eggs. Season
to taste with salt, pepper and a lit
tie powdered mint. Beat until well
mixed, then press into a shallow
square tin and steam in the oven over
a pan of water until the white of egg
is set; then cut into small cubes and
drop them into the soup just before
serving.
Russian Salad-Mix one chpful each
of carrot and cold boiled potatoes cut
in cubes, one cupful each of cooked
peas, beans and half cupful of cold
cooked beets cut in dice; pour a
French dressing over all. and let stand
in cool place; just before Gerving
arrange on lettuce leaves a few of the
vegetables in order and over each Sec
tion put little mayonnaise dressing
garnish each portion with finely
chopped whites and yolks of eggs and
put small sprigs of parsley around.
Bread Custard Pudding-Make a
custard mixture with four beaten
eggs, one pint of milk, half a cup Of
sugar, one teaspoonful of vanilla ex-
tract and one-fourth level teaspoon
Of salt; butter a border mold and
sprinkle with currants or chopped cit
ron; break stale bread into small
pieces, put them in the mold and pour
the custard mixture over them; place
the mold In the oven and bake 30 MIN
utes; let 1t cool a little and turn out
on a fancy platter; serve with or wi III.
out cream or with fruit sauce.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15
shawl Points on Ribbon.

Usually the black taffeta hair ribbons
used by school girls are clipped with
deep swallow-tail lndentations. The
exact reverse of this cut is seen in the
new fashion of clipping the ends Of
ribbon used in rosettes or crown bands
or simple bows and loops in millinery.
The deep, sharp and narrowly pointed
centre of the middle ribbon is shaped
us a SHAWL point" You can scarcely
help noticing them on the new straw
walking hats. 1t is particularly strlk-
ing where two shades of ribbon are
used, and the "shawl points" are
spaced like shingles on roof.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15
Cut Glass.

To those who possess this valuable
and beautiful commodity the follow
ing hints may prove useful: Cut glass
needs careful and extraordinary clean
ing. First of all 1t should be washed
in warm water to which has been add
ed few drops Of liquid ammonia. Az
ter washing rinse it thoroughly and
brush 1t carefully with soft brush
dipped in whiting and wash off the
white powder and leave the glass to
drain for a minute or two; dry it and
finally polish it with tissue paper to
put on a gloss.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15

full portions OF the waist. The yoke
drops over the sleeves and to its edges
the circular bertha is Joined. The
sleeves consist of the tucked upper
ones and the full puffed under-sleeves
which are attached invisibly at elbow
length.
The quantity of material required for
the medium size Is four and three
quarter yards twenty -one inches wide,
four yards twenty-seven inches wide.
four yards thlrty-two inches wide or
two and three-quarter yards forty-four
lnches wide, with half yard of yoSing
material eighteen inches wide.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15

duced by means of the drop yoke and
attached bertha cut on graceful lines.
The very stylish May Manton waist
with entirely novel sleeves, that can
be made with the puff under-sleeves
or without as may be preferred. AS
illustrated the waist is made of white
batiste, with yoke and trimmings of
antique lace, but the design suits all
the cotton and linen fabrics of the
season as well as soft woods and silks.
The waist is made over n fitted
foundation, that can be cut away Mt
yoke depth when n transparent effect
is desired, and on 1t are arranged the
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15
Popularity of shirrinr.

The popularity of shirring amounts
to fad. 1t is used on coats and peler-
ines to as great an extent as ON gowns.
Shirred strapping, says Tollettes, is
the latest form the craze has, taken,
straight pieces Of the material of the
gown, with edges turned under, are
shirred In three or four rows over soft
cord to cover the seams Of gored skirts.
Everything shirred or gathered into
rufiies or ruchings Ia In high vogue,
even the lace edgings on the borders
of handkerchiefs, ties. transparent
stocks and various articles Of lingerie
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1903-07-15

Lyddite, freed from all technical de-
scriptlon, is merely a form OF picric
acid melted down and allowed to solid
lfy. 1t was discovered in 177l. and
Tor century and quarter served
peaceful but very useful purpose
as dye 70: silk and wooden mater
ials without its explosive powers be-
Ing dreamt Of. few years ago
warehouse fire occurred In Manches-
ter, England. and the flames spread to
a shed In which piric acid was stored.
There was terrible explosion and an
investigation took place. with the re
suit that lyddite was born.