The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1903-12-03

well enough together, and the servants
will fight for their masters to the death
If need be. As in the old world centu-
ries ago, feudal wars are kept up be-
tween estates, through so many genera
tons that the original proVocation may
be entirely forgotten, and sangulnary
conflicts are constantly occurring, for
the peon of the Capulets is always more
than willing to cut the throat OF a SER
want of the Mantagues. AS on other he
ciendas, Senior Ferreiros' tenants begin
work at a. M, having previously eat
en- a desayuno of bread and coffee.
Then each goes off to that part of the
estate which is to be the scene of his
days labor, carrying with him cows
horn of water and a small bag of meal.
These are his rations for the midday
breakfast, and not another mouthful
will he gfet until he returns to dine at
6 p. m. The meal is of roasted wheat
ground on small hand-mill with which
every hacienda is provided. We saw
the men at their sunset dinner, and a
more contented and healthy-loooking
lot would be hard to find-croWded
around a table of rough boards without
any cloth upon it. The repast consisted
entirely of beans and peas stewed to-
gether; but the administrator informs
me with pride that all the laborers on
this model farm are treated to meat
and potatoes twice every week. .
We went into the wheat field on cart
topped by very high and marrow hay
rick made of cane poles dashed together
with thongs, drawn by bullocks. The
cart was driven to a place where the
cut sheaves were ttickest, the cattle
were taken from the tongue and tied to
wheel, and the work of gathering
commenced. Each man seized a bundle
and carried it to the cart, until all the
nearby sheaves were loaded. 1t did
not occur to anybody to make the bull
locks remove the cart to another part
| of the field; the bundles were still labo-
riously carried to the same place, how
ever the distance heightened and the
noontide heat increased
/ When the enormous load was COM
plete it was hauled to the threshing
yard, where the wheat was carelessly
dumped in heaps without the trouble of
stacking it, for it rarely rains here dur
ing the summer months, SO there is lit
tie danger of the grain spelling. Mean
while threshing was going on, slowly
but surely. A spot of hard ground had
been swept, and upon it We're pitched
few bundles; then a span of horses was
/ driven over and over them until the
wheat was shelled from the straw. The
straw was then removed, the wheat
raked to the center, and more bundles
thrown down. When a considerable
| quantity Of shelled wheat was collected
a windmill was introduced to blow
away the chaff. Ma wheat could be of
better quality. The plump, sound grain
twas fully quarter of an inch long, and
I was told that an average yield is
twenty bushels to the acre. The corn
crop is smaller, because the seasons are
/ too cold. Oats return about sixty BUSH
els to the acre, but, unfortunately, there
is no market for them. Oranges, lem-
ons, figs, peaches, apples, pears, grapes,
melons, etc, are always a sure crop.
/ because, though the summers of Chill
are seldom warm enough to make thin
clothing necessary, there is never frost
A enough In winter to kill flowers. All
kinds Of vegetables thrive remarkably,
and whenever a native farmer plants
4 beets, he ties a knot in the end of each
i growing plant to prevent it from rum
ming to unreasonable bounds. The
plows in general use are primitive i'm
plements-a beam, with one long, stout
handle extending far enough downward
to attach a fiat piece Of iron which has
been hammered sharp on Stone. OF
tcourse with such rude machine the
earth can barely be scratched. Wheat
is sown broadcast and covered by drag
lying over it weighted plank. Corn
land is furrowed into rows in one direc-
i ton. Holes are made at regular inter
walls in the rows with sharpened sticks
into which the corn is dropped and Their
covered with the foot. The hoes are
about fourteen inches high by five inch.
es wide, and each weighs not less thar
eight pounds. Every well regulated ha.
eienda has it's vineyard, and that Of
Senior Smith includes one hundred acres
The crop is always abundant, and tht
grapes sell in market for about one
cent per pound. They make good raj
sins as well as wine. A superior quail
ity Of homemade wine costs about eigh
cents quart, but is too new to be de
! sired by anybody but Chilians. Ever!
native, old or young, drinks wine at al
times of day and night, at meals AM
between meals. He may not afford ;
more luxurious dinner than common pu
/ chero (Which is composed of all tn
!, seeds and vegetables the cook can la,
hands on, boiled with bit of beef o
: bacon and favored, if possible, with
few links of sausage), but he, mus
wash it down with a glass or two O
= wine, and so must his wife and children
There is no Woman's Christian Temper
ance union here, and never wor
heard on the temperance question; we
drunkenness is far more rare than il
) the; United States. The total valuation
! of CHILEAN real estate Is established a
7 nine hundred million dollars. Statistic
: say that last year fourteen million bush
els of wheat were produced, five millio
t bushels of barley, five hundred thou
= sand bushels of corn, nine hundre
: thousand bushels of beans, three millio
$ bushels of potatoes and eleven miIlio
l pounds of wool-not bad shown
! considering the limited area of the ag
S ricultural district. Chili's great sourc
!, of wealth is in the products of he
l mines, which include all the importar
$ metals and minerals known