davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1903-08-11
Not over-wise.

There is an old allegorical pic
ture of a girl scared at a grass
hopper, but in the act of heed
lessly treading on snake This
is paralleled by the man who
spends a large sum of money
building a cyclone cellar. but
neglects to provide his family
with a bottle of Chamberlain's
Collie, Cholera and Diarrhea
Remedy as safeguard against
bowel complaints, whose victims
outnumber those of the cyclone
hundred to one. This remedy
is everywhere recognized as the
most prompt and reliable medl-
cine in use for these diseases.
For sale by J p. Spalding.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1903-08-11
HOTEL ARRIVALS.

Arrivals at the New Challis
House for the week ending Aug
9Th, 1903
Miss Dora Klug, Pocatello,
Ida, L. H. Pinkham, Portland,
Ore, A. J. Crockwell, Ogden,
Utah, J. Mcdonald, Ogden, Utah,
VIM. Walker, Boston, Mass. G.
E. Grove and family, Mackay,
Ida. VIM. Flenniken, Loon, Ida,
II. T. Grow. Topeka, Kan. Carl
Malm, Custer, Ida. David Fayle,
Custer, Idaho.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1903-08-11
WEISER ACADEMY.

During the past three months
Weiser Academy, located at
Weiser, Idaho, has shown encour-
aging signs of prosperity. The
friends of education in this part
of the country will be pleased to
hear that the old debt of 50, 800
has just been pledged in its en-
tirety by the citizens of Weiser,
aud an excellent faculty of FIVE
professors engaged for the next
school year, which begins Sept.
22nd, 1908.
This news is of special inter
est to the people in and about
Challis, in as much as Mr.. L. H.
Johnston of our city, with other
representative men of the State,
was elected member of the new
board of trustees organized in
May. This influence has GER
tainly been felt.
Milton w. Davenport, B. A., a
splendid man and a graduate of
Wesleyan University, Middleton,
Conn, has been engaged as
president of the school. The
other members of the faculty,
which has just been completed,
are as follows Miss Alice l.
Sanford, Wellesley college. for
lady principal; Miss Christine
Thomson. Miss Mariana Jones,
and Mr.. Frederick Emmons, all
successful teachers.
Through the influences of the
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1903-08-11

Great bogie-lanterns frighten
little boys. Fear-bogieS make
men weigh the chance of escape
to the rear when an advance
would show nothing to fear
Men fear to be good for dread
of jeering, they fear to be strong,
they fear to embark in great
causes. There is nothing to fear
in the universe except the inner
self. If we die in the doing,
what of it Dying is nothing,
the doing is all. If we fear and
do nothing. what of it ? The
thing we could have done never
will be done; for no two men
duplicate one another's oppor-
tunities.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1903-08-11
Teachers Examination.

The annual examination for
life diplomas, state certificates,
first, second and third grade
county and primary certificates
will he held at Challis August
20-21-22, 1908.
Questions in School Law will
be given from the chapter en-
titled Public School Fund, "
and State Constitution Article 5.
Judicial Department.
MARTHA KEENAN,, Co. Supt
Challis, Ida, July 10th, 1908.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1903-08-11

Total valuation or real
estate & improvements. .$565, 343
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1903-08-11

Good Sample Rooms for
Commercial men. X *
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1903-08-11
CUSTER JorTINGs.

CUSTER, Ida, Aug. 8th.-The
Lucky Boy mill closed down one
day last week.
DR.. Allen and family expect to
leave soon for Sand Point, Idaho,
on a visit to relatives.
f. ]. Clyde came in from Stan
ley Basin last Wednesday.
S. M. Trip, of Challis, has
been quite sick with the erysipe-
las during the past two weeks.
The Golden Sunbeam Mining
Co. are pushing the work rapid
ly on their mill and fiume on
Jordan creek.
VIM. Elder and VIM. Bowen
came in from ChaIlis on the 9TH
on official business.
The Lost Packer company are
shipping some rich ore. Under
the management of J. A. Czizek
the Packer" has become the
leading mine of the Loon creek
district. The Company pack
train is kept busy packing out
ore and taking in supplies. The
Packer company are running an
other tunnel which will tap the
vein at a depth much lower than
the one that is now being work
ed.
Mr.. and Mrs. Jas. Jose arrived
in Custer on the 9th and will
make their future home in Gus
ter.
Fl. FL. Knapp left for Challis
on Saturday mornings stage.
Mr.. and Mrs. VIM. Dunn have
taken charge of the Nevada
Hotel.
J. A. Czizek came in from the
Packer on the 9th.
Among the arrivals in Custer
the past week were Messrs.
Dowd, Moulson and Anderson,
Al. YounkinS, Chas. Carnahan,
]. d. Carnahan, Ralph Beane
and George Speake, of Loon
creek. E. p. Wilson, John Steph-
ems, John Pushaw and William
Eddy, of Challis.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1903-08-11

CUSTER, Ida, Aug. 8th.-The
Lucky Boy mill closed down one
day last week.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1903-08-11
ASSESSMENT ROLL.

Following is the Auditors alb
stract of the assessment roll of
Custer county for the year 1903,
as corrected by the Board of
County Commissioners
REAL ESTATE AND IMPROVE
MENTS.
Patented land:
/, ,223 acres of mineral
land at S5 per acre. Sc, 119
35, 325 acres of agricul-
tural land at 81 per
acre. re............... Sal, ,301
Total value. ........ s147, ,42o
Value of improvements
on patented and un-
patented land. 80. $288, ,5S8
Value of town lots. -. $54, ,072
Value of improvements
on town lots. s75, 1862
Total valuation or real
estate & improvements. $565, 343
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1903-08-11

uoeAdUIUH --.... 1850, O0I
To the above list the State
Board will add II miles of rail
road and 72 miles of telephone
line, besides the above list does
not include migratory stock.
With these additions the assess
ment roll of Custer county for
1908 will go above the one mil
lion dollar mark.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1903-08-11

Born-Last week near Challis,
to the wife of Mr.. Daniels, a fine
boy.
Pope Plus X is the name given
the newly elected Pope.
]. c. Fox and w. w. Adamson
went to Custer Sunday.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1903-08-11
9nrnl 9e1us Itents.


place Aug. oath.
Mrs. S. w. Egan, of Custer, is
reported dangerously i'll.
Attorney Walker departed on
last Friday evening for Chicago.
He expects to return on August
18th.
A nephew of the late Alvah P.
Challis, a Mr.. Grow, arrived in
Challis last Saturday morning
from Kansas.
For fresh bread, pies, delicious
lunches and ice cream, call at
the City Bakery, Mrs. Mary
G. Dorgan, proprietor.
Parsons & Parsons, of Black
foot, agents for Eiler's piano
house of Portland, Oregon, were
in town last week.
School will commence in Chal-
lis on Monday, Sept. 9TH, and a
nine months term will be held.
The teachers are Principal
Miss Sara Keener. Primary
Miss Marion Bascom.
The land contest case-Calvin
VS.. Horton, argued before the U.
S. Land Office at HALEY, will
have to come up before some
other Register of the Land Off
ce, as the Register at HALEY at
one time owned the contested
land in question.
The elective officers of Custer
Encampment No. 10, |. o. D. F..
we're Installed at Challis last
Wednesday night by M. NJ.
Sweet, P. G. P. The new officers
are as follows
G. P.-John Stephens,
H. Pm. M. Sweet,
S. WIN. Elder,
j. WIN. Bowen,
Scribe-J. G.. Finnell,
Treas. j. G. Dougherty.
The Cunningham Family gave
an entertainment at the Odd Eel
lows hall in Challis on Monday
night, Aug. 3rd, to a big house.
The entertainment consisted of
orchestra music, moving and
stationary pictures, and a phono
graph. The moving pictures
were exceptionally good, and by
far the best ever exhibited in
in Challis. A dance followed
the show.
Rev. j. ID. Kingsbury, d. D.,
Of Salt Lake, will arrive in Chal-
lis on Thursday evening, August
18th, and remain this part of the
State for several days. 1t is ex-
pected that he will visit Custer,
Clayton aud Pahsamaroi during
his visit. DIR. Kingsbury is one
of the best speakers in the
Northwest. He is one of the
trustees and is thoroughly famil-
lar with Weiser Academy, and
will be glad to meet any person
that is thinking of going away to
school this fall and tell them OF
Weiser's advantages.
LATER.-A telephone mes
Usage states that DR.. Kingsbury
cannot come on above date.
The following named persons
were drawn last week to serve
as trial jurors at the term of Dis
trict court commencing in Chal
lis Aug. Oath
1. William Buster,
2. Benz. Metzger,
3. William Leigh,
4. r. w. Howell,
5. j. G. Fulmer,
6. Thomas Birch,
| z. Wells MCGOWAN,
8. James r. Pence,
| 9. Benz. Swenson,
| 10. Lockhart Boyd,
IL. Arthur w. Canaday,
| IL. Henry Fl. Knapp,
13. ]. G. Ross,
IA. Charles Funkhouse,
Is. George B. Baldwin,
16. Frank Cook,
IL. George L. MCGOWAN,
1S. Albert E. Honey,
19. Stephen Navarro,
20. Frank Grotwold
Great bogie-lanterns frightel
little boys. Fear-bogies make
men weigh the chance of escape
to the rear when an advanc,
would show nothing to fear
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1903-08-11
BaScOm House
Cd ~ @
AT WILLOW CREEK RANCH,
DIekey, Idaho.

The last stopping place before
crossing the mountain passes on
the way from Mackay to the Sal
mon River Valleys.
We are sparing no pains to
make our house the best travel
ers home in Central Idaho. Our
terms are reasonable.
E. w. BASCOM, Prop.
The Savannah morning news., 1903-08-09
Triton SOCIETY.

Triton, Aug. S.-Miss Ethel Padrick
has returned from visit to relatives
in cambridge.
Mrs. J. C. Moore leaves this week
for visit to relatives in Boston, Mass.
Mrs. w. H. Garrett has been visiting
relatives in Macon.
Miss Fife Middleton, after a visit to
Miss Maude Greer, has returned to her
| home in Valdosta.
Miss Alice Turner is home from a
visit to relatives at Kingwood.
Mrs j. G. Spurlin of Ocala, Fla, is
visiting relatives in Triton.
Mrs. o. NJ Gregg is visiting at In
dian Springs.
Mrs. George w. McWhite is visiting
her mother in Leliaton this week.
Miss Ophelia Royal has returned to
her home in Fort Valley, after a visit
to Mrs. Waite and Mrs. Smith on Park
avenue.
Mrs. w. w. Timmons and son, Will
lie, returned Wednesday from a three
weeks trip to Baltimore and New
York.
Miss Maggie Breedlove of Graves
Station is the guest of relatives in
Triton.
Miss Morton Smith of Americas is
the guest of Mrs. w. A. Hogue
Mrs. W. B. Chaplin and sister, Mrs.
j. Walter Moring, returned early in
the week from a visit to relatives in
Columbus.
Miss Maggie Aultman of Wright,
Ga, and Mr. C. o. Winn of Allapaha
were married at the home of the bride,
Rev. E. N. Clark officiating. They will
make their home in Allapaha, where
Mr.. VIM has position with the ALA
paha Lumber Company
The Savannah morning news., 1903-08-09
VALDOSTA SOCIETY

Valdosta. Aug. S.-The Cat Creek dis
trict was the scene of two weddings
this week, the first being at the home
of Mr.. Lewis Knight. The parties We're
Mr.. Allen Harrell, of this county, and
Miss Lola Knight, of the Rays Mill
district. The ceremony was performed
by Mr.. H. c. Strong, of the Church of
Christ. The couple are members of
the best families in this and Berrien
county and both are well-known.
The contracting parties in the other
wedding were Mr.. Marcus Allen, of the
Naylor district, and Miss Mamie Moore,
a daughter of Mr.. Burton Moore, who
resides just beyond the Berrien coun-
ty line. The groom is the son of Mr..
James Allen.
Mr.. and Mrs. 0. K. Jones chaperon-
ed a number of young people down to
Loeb Laurel this week to attend a
moonlight picnic. They carried baskets
with them and delightful supper was
served at the lake.
Miss Edith Converse entertained a
number of her young friends Wednes-
day evening in honor of Miss Aline
Terry. of Atlanta.
Mrs. j. F. Holmes and children left
this week for Dublin on a visit to rel
atives and friends.
Miss Klein Staten left this week for
Florence, S. c., on a visit to the family
of her uncle, Mr.. @. b. Staten.
Miss Ella Lanier, of Bulloch coun-
ty, is on a visit to Valdosta and is a
guest of Mrs. r. Y. Lane
Mrs. Dan Breedlove and Misses Ethel
and Edna Briggs have returned to the
city, after spending several weeks in
Kentucky.
Mr.. w. L. Converse and family have
returned to Valdosta, after spending
several weeks in New York
Mr.. M. A. Briggs family returned
from New York to-day, after spend
ing a month or so in the metropolis
Miss Helen Knight, of Charlott Har-
Dor, Fla, is sepnding some time with
her sister, Mrs. C. L. Jones.
Mr. Carl Beatty has gone to Pensa-
cola to live, having been given a posi-
ton in the paymaster's department of
the government service.
Mrs. o. K. Jones and Miss Aline
Jones are spending some time at White
Springs.
The Savannah morning news., 1903-08-09
COCHRAN SOCIETY

Cochran, Aug. S.-Mr. James p.
Peacock is spending a short while at
Tate Springs
Miss Gussie Grimsley. after a short
but pleasant visit to relatives in Ma
con, has returned home.
Miss Evelyn Lovejoy of Hawkins
Vile is the guest of Miss Pearl Pea
cock.
A large number of Cochran's young
people enjoyed a pleasant outing at
Whites Mill last Wednesday and
Thursday. Those present were Misses
Lottie Taylor, Evelyn Lovejoy, Jessie
Wynne and Pearl Peacock and Messrs.
Mack Thompson, Chas. Billiard, James
Cook and Ralph Peacock. Mr.. and
Mrs. N L. Taylor acted as chape-
rones.
Miss Corrinne Walker. who has been
been paying an extended visit to
friends in Atlanta. has returned home.
Miss Matte Collins, who has spent
a good deal of the summer with rela-
tives here, has returned to her home
in Montezuma.
MIR. and Mrs. Thomas Cook and
Mrs. A. j. Thompson, Sr., are spend
ing the week at Indian Springs.
The Savannah morning news., 1903-08-09
BUSINESS LOCALS.

The Georgia Steam Laundry: Your
shirts, collars and cuffs laundried TO
perfection. The business men, the COM
mercial and professional men praise it.
Congress street.
Furnaces-We are agents for the
Peck Williamson Co.'S under-feed hot
air furnaces. Send for circulars or al
low us to explain the great saving in
fuel over other kinds. Cornwen a
Chipman.
The Ryan Business College is now
open. New students are arriving
daily. Every young man and woman
can't afford to miss the valuable in
struetion.
Walker ulligan Furniture Conn
pany has succeeded the w. +. Walker
Furniture Company. See them for bar
gains. Your credit is good. Corner
Broughton and jefferson streets.
The Savannah District Messenger
Company will make you special rates
on drayage, messenger service, furni-
ture and pianos moved and stored. 81
Montgomery street.
George Wagner's Son, florist; never
before in the history of Savannah have
the people had the opportunity OF get
ting such beautiful cut flowers. Bull
street
The Savannah morning news., 1903-08-09

and Mr.. Jack Bower received the gen
tlemen's prize, a pearl scarf pin. Miss
May Afford was awarded a prize for
the most original composition, entitled
why cambridge Is the Most Beautiful
City in the South" Among those
present were Miss Maude Beardsley of
Memphis, May Afford of Tallahassee,
Leslie Butts of Brunswick, Louise
Brewton, Anna Tonge, Willou Thomas,
Lois Russell. Grace Rice, Clara and
Alice Curry, Olive Morgan, Evirgline
Bower, Hortense Pohlman. Masie Cur
ry, Messrs. w. o. Fleming, e. L.
Wayne, w. r. Starr. ]. w. Ware, r..
A. Graves, Mercer Baggs, DR.. Gordon
Chason, Robert Graham. George Gard
ner, Walter Hunter of Quitman, Hugh
McKeown of Thonasville. John Elem
ing, Lucian and Jack Bower, Earnest
Graves, Marshall Scott. Clarence
Blaum, Win Newsome and others.
Miss Estell Donaldson of Donaldson
willie, visited her aunt, Mrs. Graves
this week.
Miss Miriam Donaldson will return in
a few days from Europe, where she
has been taking vocal lessons.
Mr.. ]. I. Subers and Mr.. j. p,
Brown has returned from trip of sew
eral weeks to New York
Miss Verina Russell expects to go
to Panacea Springs Sunday to spend
about ten days.
Mr.. J. A. Reid spent several days
with his family in this city, the first
of the week.
Messrs Laurel Tonge and Mercer
Baggs, returned to the city Thursday,
after pleasant visit Of a week to
White Sulphur Springs, Fla.
Mr.. F.. w Fleming of Jacksonville,
Fla, will be in the city for a few
days.
Miss May Afford Of Tallahassee, who
has been the guest of Miss Hortense
Pohlrnan for the past two weeks, left
Friday for her home.
Mrs. Albert Russell has returned
horne after a pleasant visit Of several
weeks in North Georgia.
Miss Alberta O'Donell is in Fernan-
dina, Fla. with relatives. where she
will spend the summer.
The Savannah morning news., 1903-08-09

BRUNSWICK SOCIETY.

CONTINUED from Page Twelve.)
The Savannah morning news., 1903-08-09
DARIEN SOCIETY.

Darien, Aug. S.-Tuesday evening,
Miss Carrie Dunwoody entertained in
honor of her visitors, Miss Leake and
Mr.. Butler Holmes of Marietta, and
Miss Sophia Ravenel of Jacksonville.
The house was beautifully lighted and
the large spacious verandas were
draped with vines, with lanterns hang
ing here and there. Hearts was the
game of the evening. Miss Leake and
Mr.. Barclay won the prizes. Delight
full refreshments were served. 1t was
one of the pleasantest social affairs of
the season. Those present were Mr..
and Mrs. Mcdonald Dunwoody, father
and mother of Miss Dunwoody, Mr..
and Mrs. B. T. Sinclair, Mrs. r. p.
Paul, Mrs. w. S. Wallard and Miss
Nellie Hay, Misses Nan and Helen
Cain, Belle DeLeGal, Annie and
Mural Downey, Cecil and Addie Paul.
Annie, Lottie and Katherine Dun
woody, Annie Kenan and Mamie Bond
Messrs. John D. Clarke and James
K. Clarke, Jr., E. G. Henry and Thorn
as Cain, Ludwig Schmidt, Walter De-
Lorme, w. r. Barclay, Archie Clark,
Cleve Smith and Raymond Clancey.
The Savannah morning news., 1903-08-09
5 CAMBRIDGE SOCIETY.


cambridge. Aug. S.-Miss Leslie
Butts, May Afford, Hortense Pohlman,
Maude Beardsley, Lois Russell, Russell
Fleming, Erie Donaldson. Oliver F'lem-
ing, Jack Bower, and John Hunter, re-
turned Sunday from Panacea Springs,
Fla, where they have been the guests
at house party for the past week.
very delightful dinner party was
given by Mrs. Chas. Caldwell, to the
young people, who were on the house
party at Panacea Springs. Mrs. Cald-
well entertained in her usual charming
manner. After dinner the party enjoy
ed dancing till a late hour.
Miss May and Verina Russell, were
the charming hostess at a entertain
ment Friday evening. in honor of the
visiting young ladies of Bainbridge
The form Of entertainment consisted
mainly in asking a number Of questions,
the answers to which, was the name Of
some party present. Miss Maude
Beardsley was awarded the ladies'
prize OF a handsome silver sewing set.
The Savannah morning news., 1903-08-09
GUSTAVE E6KSTE|N & CO.,
Is and Is Broughton Street West.

Gray, saba Hit, Jewell Weston.
Messrs. C. V. Stanton, w. M. Young,
L. L. Harvard, s. L. Wood, F. f.
Murphy Chas. Wood, Horace Vibbert,
G. Fort Andrews, Jas. F. Morgan,
Ernest Dunn, and Chas. Gray.
Miss Pansy Fettner of Raleigh, N. c.
was the guest of honor, Tuesday even
ing, at a reception given by Mr.. and
Mrs. Geo. w. Barnes whom she is
visiting. A large number of young
people were invited. Those present
were Misses, Mary Young, Mamie
Carswell, Sara Nichols, Jimmie Ket-
terer Jessie HARE, Ermine Blackhar,
Lavinia Young, Ruby Pursen, Messrs.
Don. Peabody, Ran Crawley Oscar
Cason, John Walker. Eugene Virgins.
Anderson, James Davis, Mac Barnes,
and Jas Riser.
Miss saba Hit, who has been spend
ing the summer in Waycross as the
guest of Mrs. William A. Price, will
leave Thursday for her home in Bir-
mingham.
Mrs. L. johnson and son, George, left
Tuesday for Cooks Springs, Ala,
where they will visit her daughters,
Mrs. w. M. Wadley, and Mrs. w. S.
Branham. Mrs. Johnson will remain
there until the last of September, and
it is likely that one of her daughters
Will return WIN UeT.
Mrs. Theodore Anderson and children
left Wednesday morning, for Palatka-
Mr.. Anderson has gone to South Caro-
lima to accompany his sister to their
home in Palatka.
Mrs. w. H. Dyer, and children left
Monday for Brunswick and the sea-
shore.
Mrs. George Finch, with her baby
and little sister, Miss Florrie Griffin,
are at White Sulphur Springs.
Mr.. and Mrs. J. r. Wadley of Will
liams street, have as their guest, Miss
Hattie Grace of Screven.
After a pleasant stay at Gaskln's
Springs, near Douglas Mrs. Chas.
Johnson has returned to her home in
Waycross.
After visiting relatives at Quitman
and other places, Miss Roena Afford,
of st. Paul, N. c., is stopping in Way
cross for a short time, as the guest
of Mrs. II. B. Pittman of Frances
street.
Mr.. w. d. O'Quinn has returned from
a stay at White Sulphur Springs.
After a vacation trip of three weeks
to his old home in South Carolina, Mr..
y. N. Brodie has resumed his position
with the Blackshear Hardware Conn
pany
Mr.. and Mrs. f. NJ Hawkins have
returned from pleasant months out
ing in North Georgia and Alabama.
Mrs. NJ. l.. Joiner has as her guest,
Miss Annie Scott Of Satilla Bluff, Ga.
Mrs. Amanda Carpenter. who has
spent some time in the city as the
guest OF Mrs. o. J. Allen. has return
ed TO her home In High Springs.
The Savannah morning news., 1903-08-09
FARMING BY MACHINE.
ling IL BusheI of Wheat Re-
duced From Three Hours Labor
n Ten Minutes.

inn, II BusheI of Wheat Re-
From Three Hours Labor
a Ten Minutes.
from the Worlds Work.
,,,rr, machinery may some time do
-, for us that will be worth ST.
ooo 400 900 a year Theoretically it is all
,dv saving US nearly three-fourths
,, snn,: for as far back as 1899, if
~ the crops to which machinery is
I,,,+ad could have been planted and
ao1 I'D bv hand, they would have
nearly $70C, 100000 more than if
80 80. bad all been planted and gather
nr machinery. 1t has not only adj
Gu 81 much to our wealth, but it has
uV' ms the foremost exporting ma
| and it is changing the character
The farmer by freeing him from
'aorotonous hand-toil. More than
.ho+ il is fast changing the immemor-
al conception of agriculture and the
nastoral and idyllic associations that
hive gathered about it since the time
~ Abraham. Wealth, industry, COM
,1arc- the character of men and even
heir sentiment are all affected by it.
An the great crops are now planted
nd
a1achinery. Let us follow a crop
.broughout a seasons work and see the
cbanges that have come in it's treat
ment 60 nj,
The ploughman no longer trudges
e,owly and YEARLY back and forth
across his field. He rides a sul6y
nIough with a spring seat. There are
sDecial ploughs for every need; turf
njoughs. stubble ploughs, subsoil
pIoughs, ploughs for heavy work,
pIouehs for light work, and gang
nlnuShs turning three burrows at
once. So simple are many of them
that a boy may drive one. Plough
ing by steam is not commonly prac-
ticed in the middle west, but out on
the great wheat ranches of the Pa
die coast it is common. On the
tule lands of California a sixty
horsepower traction engine drawing
twenty-one feet of disk ploughs will
break the ground to d depth of ten
inches at the rate of forty-five to sixty
acres a day. With mould-board
ploughs, designed especially for this
work. a strip twenty-eight feet wide
can be broken. This means that
nan and a pair of horses with a sin
10 cross a field twenty-eight times to
do the same work that the traction
engine does by one trip of its ploughs.
A farmer of the central west who uses
a small traction engine and a gang of
four fourteen-inch ploughs says that
it costs him from so to 81 cents per
acre to break his ground. He con-
siders steam economical
The blowing done, the manure
spreader replaces the hand fork and
its backache. While the farmer with
a pair of horses drives back and forth
across his fields, from the rear of his
wagon the fertilizer is mechanically
spread evenly over his land. Manure,
commercial fertilizer, cornstalks,
straw, lime, ashes or litter from the
barnyard, are spread with greater
economy, because with greater even
ness than by hand, to say nothing of
the saving of time and of toll.
Automatic Seeders.
The land made ready for the recep-
ton of the seed, machinery still does
the work that muscle used to do. The