davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Caucasian., 1903-02-05
JOINT COUNCIL.

Operators and Miners Confer in Regard
to Wage Matters.
/ indianapolis, Jan. 3e-The joint
wage conference between miners and
operators Of the central competitive
bituminous coal district. composed OF
western Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana
and Illinois, began here. President
Mitchell Of the United Mine Workers
called the conference into session and
was selected temporary chairman. The
selection Of different committeeman by
different states by both operators and
miners was Immediately taken up.
About ESQ operators and 400 miners
were present at the opening session.
The Caucasian., 1903-02-05
Trades For syinsxtev-

a prominent Philadelphia clersvm 1
strongly urges all yoling lnen who in
tend te enter the ministry to learn
some leeitlier before or after their
ordination. He has examined tie sta
fisties ot the various Protestant de-
nominations and has been appalled, br|
the number of ministers spElo ssra viii
out q charge He thinks trade would
be good thing to "a back On ii such
eases, besides standing tlaa Id
good stead e niany ys whiIa still Id
<he pulp
The Caucasian., 1903-02-05
TWO FEBRUARY CAKES.
For a Valentine and n George wash
ington birthday Party.

ington birthday Party.
The upper of these two cakes, Illus
Irated in Good Housekeeping, is de-
signed for a valentine party It may be
a loaf cake with the tube making the
hole in the center Frost with any color
of icing you choose. This one is pink.
using the ordinary uncooked icing.
while around the side and on top are
the common heart shaped lozenges, gen
orally called motto candies. Z In this
case they are white. A pretty effect
may be obtained by using orange icing
with yellow hearts or the white hearts
against a delicate green icing.
The cherry tree cake is specially pre-
pared for George Washington birth
day party. 1t is made in two layers
and frosted with white icing. Use
frosting made from white of egg, lemon
juice and confectioners' sugar. which
will not harden as quickly as boiled
icing. While still soft scatter about the
top twenty or thirty small round red
candies which look like cherries Next
around the base, about an inch apart,
stick candied cherries. The frosting
will be dry enough for the painting.
of the tree to be done. You will want
two colors, the brown of chocolate
mixed with icing thinned with a few
drops Of milk Take small fine point
ed brush and paint with the chocolate
the brown Of the tree trunk and branch
es. For leaves use leaf green celoring,
which comes in tiny glass cans. All
you require to color the amount of
The Caucasian., 1903-02-05

London, Jan. 3o.-Great Britain, Ger
many and Italy sent joint reply to
Minister Bowen refusing to accept the
proposal that all countries having
claims against Venezuela should be
placed on an equality with the three
cooperating powers.
The Caucasian., 1903-02-05

Madrid. Jan. 38.-A dispatch to the
impartial from Tangier announces that
Bu Hammarra, the pretender to the
throne of Morocco, has been repulsed
and is retreating rapidly.
The Caucasian., 1903-02-05
Ex-senator Dies Suddenly.

Seattle, Wash, Jan. 29-John Beard
Allen, former United States senator
from Washington. died suddenly Wed
nesday night of angina pectoris.
The Caucasian., 1903-02-05
Desperate Bandit Captured

Havana. Jan 80. Cajizote, the most
dangerous bandit in Cuba, has been
captured after a desperate fight. in
sunHrn q of this city
The Caucasian., 1903-02-05
Transport Dix Arrives

Washington. Jan. 30.-General Lud-
1ngton has received cablegram from
Quartermaster Barker at Nagasaki,
saying that the transport Dix. which
had been reported lost. arrived there
from Seattle. She had a fair and I'M
eventful passage.
The Caucasian., 1903-02-05

icing needed for leaves is as much as
yoa can take up on the end Of tooth
pick It has powerful eoloring qualities
and cannot be used too discreetly.
Moisten the green icing till It takes the
consistency of cream and paint in the
leaves about fhe cherries in sketchy
touches
Ladies purse bags Of long and mar
row shape are fitted with pockets hold
ms small purse cartlcase and Tinai-
grefte
The Caucasian., 1903-02-05
Denied Bail to Mj1ner.

Kosciusko, Miss, Jan. 30-Judge
Stevens denied bail to Robert Miner,
indicted with eleven others for the al
legged lynehing of two negroes last July.
The twelve men asked for bail under
habeas corpus proceedings, and the Pc
titions were to stand Or fall according
to the courts decision in the case of
Miner. The trials will now proceed un-
der the Indictment.
The Caucasian., 1903-02-05

...t.s4'.:.i.,, y, i. ]. ~ e,
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1903-02-10
Real Estate Transfers.

The following transfers were file
with the County Recorder for ii
week ending Feb. Z.
S. E. Oleson and wife to Thos.
Frankson and VIM. Havana
ugh, lots 2, 8, 4, S, I, IL, II, IA
and Is in blk S, Carey's addit-
ion Lime Springs..................$ 4
L. D. Meikle and wife to w. e.
Peavy, n ne sec 30 and sw4
Sc / 19-1C0-14"..................... 54'
Josephine Keithly to R. r. Rose
lot 2 blk II, Burg add to Cresco q
John Walton Jr. to 81. @. Sails
bury, und of 9 of lot and
ell of S ] lot 2, and e 4s4 n
lot 2, all in blk Is, Cresco...... 5
Oscar E. Drew to Franklin A.
Drew e Al rods of W 8 rods lot
2, and TIL it lot 6 in blk 2,
Woodland add to Riceyille.... IA
John Somsen and wife to Thos.
Frankson and VIM. Kavanagh
lots 16, II, 1s, 10, 20 in blk 3,
lots s, 9, 10 in blk 4, lots l, 6,
8, 8, 10, l3, 16, II, Is, blk 5, all
in Craig's add to lime Springs IA
c. Kennedy and wife to Patrick
Monaghan, lots 10 and-20, blk
Al, Potter's div of Elma a....... 2
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1903-02-10
Cresco Hi9h School Notes.

John Stradley was sick and out OF
school the greater part of last week.
A new club has been formed, called
the" "Shakesperian." Miss Kirkland is
the leader.
Three of our G. II. S. members were
admitted into the q. E. society last
Sunday evening.
The Anti Gossip's met with Miss
Winnifred Webster last Tuesday
evening. They are missing one large
pan If Fudge, for which they hold the
A. G's responsible. The return was
unequal to what was taken but they
express their thanks.
School work was suspended Wed.
morning on account of the cold.
18th grade took up Geology Friday
morning.
Ruby Watros was absent two ses-
sions with a serious cold.
The @. H. S. Flag Day program was
announced, Monday noon.
The attendance for the week ending
Feb. 6 is:
18th grade, 81 in e5 days
11th grade, 81 in 10 days
10th grade, 96 in 100 days
| 9th grade, 1924 in los days
Teachers meeting was held Saturday
p. m. in the high school.
/
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1903-02-10
Died..

OThe death Of John Dissmore occur
red at his residence at Dismore, in
Lake township, at 10 O'Clock yester-
day morning, aged 76 years. The
death of Uncle John, as he was famil-
iarly known, was not entirely unex-
pected, as he had been in feeble con-
dition for some months, however his
death cast gloom over this commu-
nifty. Mr.. Dissmore was a native of
York state and came to Nelson county
in the early eighties, settling near
his late home. His wife and one
daughter, Mrs. Peterson, and four
sons survive him. This is the first
time the grim reaper has visited their
home. The funeral services were
held at the family residence and the
remains were inferred in the Lakota
cemetery this afternoon.-Nelson Co.
Observer, Feb. 6.
Mr.. Dissmore was formerly resident
for several years of Chickasaw county
in the vicinity of Williamstown, was
soldier of the civil war and pen
sioner of the government. Two
daughters instead of one survive him,
Mrs. Blake, who is still resident of
Chichasaw county, being the other.
For several years he was postmaster
at Crosier, Nelson county, N. D. and
was widely known and highly respect
ed. For his integrity and upright
ness he was known all over that Sec
tion of the country as Honest John
Dissmore and richly merited the title.
He leaves pleasant memory and an
unimpeachable record to his family
and his country.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1903-02-10

Writing column eulogy on a 80
cent man is about as silly as putting a
monument at the head OF a monkeys
grave. Neither the man or the mon
key is capable Of appreciating the
honor, and you have your trouble for
nothing. Pearl City Record.
Now George, don't be so pessimistic
or course column eulogy is too long
yet every man has the spark of dlvin-
ity in him and your 30-cent man is a
man for all that, and his loved ones
who may be living revere his memory
and deeply mourn his departure. The
bible gives about as much space to La
zarus as it does to the rich man. Eu-
logies effect the living and not the
dead.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1903-02-10
Something That Will Do You

We know Of mo- way in which we.
can be of more service to our readers
than to tell them of something that
will be Of real good to them. For
this reason we want to acquaint them
with what we consider one of the very
best remedies on the market for
coughs, colds, and that alarming COM
plant, Group. We refer to Chamber
lain's Cough Remedy. We have used
it with such good results in our fami-
ly SO long that it has become house
ho.d necessity. By its prompt use we
haven't any doubt but that it has
time and again prevented Group. The
testimony is given upon our own ex-
perience, and we suggest that our
readers, especially those who have
small children, always heep it in
their homes as a safeguard against
croup.-Camden Is. C.l Messenger.
For sale by Shuttleworth Drug Co.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1903-02-10

Marriage licenses have been issued to
Thos. Pecinoyosky and Victoria Chyle;
Theo. Biwer and Mary Shatek; Ru-
dolph Blatter and Amelia A. Lietz;
Chas. Kortan and Mary A. NoYak.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1903-02-10
Mr.. Wheeler Got Rid Of His
rheumatism,

"During the winter of 1898 I was so
lame in my joints, in fact all over my
body, that l could hardly hobble a
round, when I bought a bottle of
Chamberlain's Pain Balm. From the
first application began to get well,
and was cured and have worked stead
lily all the Year,. Wheeler, North
wood, N. Y"
For sale by Shuttleworth Drug Co.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1903-02-10

Thos. Pecinoyosky and Victoria Chyle;
Theo. Biwer and Mary Shatek; Ru-
dolph Blatter and Amelia A. Lietz;
Chas. Kortan and Mary A Novak.
Pimples, faded complexion, chapped
skin, red, rough hands, eczema, letter,
bad blood, cured in short time, with
Rocky Mountain Tea, the great COM
plexion restorer. Sold by DR.. Connolly
The Ladies Aid of the Baptist
Church will serve oysters from
5 Io'clock until all are served,
in the basement of the church,
Thursday, Feb, 12, 1903. Price of sup
per, 25 cents.
The suitof John Lightfoot agsinst
Almon Rice in the District Court at
Decorah resulted in verdict by the
jury Of $2S5 for the plaintiff. John
McCook and Dan Shea managed the
case for Lightfoot.
Hose Company No. 2 elected the fol-
lowing officers for the ensuing year:
Foreman-Henry Schaefer.
Asst. Foreman-Charley Graf.
Secretary-Moris Gregory.
Treasurer-Joseph Woods.
The 240 acre farm south of Lime
Springs and known as the old Christ
opherSon farm will he rented on shares
or for cash to a good tenant. See
John M. Cannon, Cresco, Iowa, or
write to Bert RaYborn, Bondville, Ill.
FOR SALE A small house and barn
with good we'll, on one acre of land,
about half of which is set out to small
fruits. Situated I blocks south of the
Towmill. For price and terms apply
to d. A. WHEELER, Cresco, la 43t4
The Decorah Republican notes that
Mrs. Cleghorn of Cresco is a guest at
A. j. McClaskey's. She came down
observation-disclosures Reed, Upton,
Barker and McHugh of Cresco have
been attendants at district court this
week.
Volume l, No. l, of the Saturday
Post, published at Usage by Norton B.
Reynolds is a beauty geographically.
1t will be issued weekly at so cents a
year. 1t is devoted to literature,
politics, society and news, and seems
in its first issue to cover these topics.
Verne Caswell has made arrange
ments to open barber shop in the
Alleman building in the rooms just
vacated by c. G. Edmonds. He viii
put in new fixtures, and as he is 9
tirstclass workman will no doubt en-
joy good patronage. He will open
about the middle of the week.
| A team of Cresco bowlers accom-
panied by several other enthusiasts
of the game, went to Decorah last
Tuesday to play local team, and
were defeated by score of 14S pins.
]. II. Woellstein, H. Edmonson, FL
mer Davis, A. Lofthus and Edwin
Barnes composed the team. Areturn
game is promised for next week.
The annual report of the dead let
ter office for the last fiscal year shows
total receipts of 9,3O0351 pieces Of
matter of all kinds, an increase of
per cent over last year. OF the letters
and parcels opened, 50,S74 were founc
to contain money to the amount of 81
49S and SO, 1859 commercial papers, witt
an aggregate face value of s1,399, 1926
| G. W. Beers, a prosperous Whine
sheik county farmer, has bought O
Wheeler s. Marshall brick for a neV
dwelling. He will build In the spring
and is taking advantage of the goot
sleighing to get the brick on th
ground. Mr.. Marshall suggests t.
others that intend using tile or bricl
the coming season that now is goot
time to take them out.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1903-02-10
For Sale.

A farm of 12O acres in New Oregon,
known as the Beach farm. II taken
before springs work, the purchaser
will get a bargain. Enquire of
THos. McJARvInLE, Schlcy. Ia.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1903-02-10
Special Rates to California and
Arizona.

Via Chicago Great Western Rail-
way. Tickets on sale daily from Feb.
Is. tn to April 3Oth., available on tour
ist sleeping cars. For furthur partic-
ulars apply to any Chicago Great
Western Agent or ]. P. Elmer, G. p.
A., Chicago, Ill. apr. 80
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1903-02-10
W. O. W.

First regular meeting of the month
Tuesday evening, Feb. 10. Work on
Protection degree.
OTTO JOHNSON, DANA MEAD,
Clerk. Y. q.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1903-02-10

Tin yard for Heavy Fleeced
| ~ Flannelette, 12Hc kind
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1903-02-10

Ask your merchant, your banker,
your barber or your neighbor what
Cas- Kola is and what Cas-Kola does.
Read the CaS-Kola ad.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1903-02-10
Married..

THoMAs-GoETscH-At the residence
Of VIM. Goetsch Feb. s, 1903, by
Rev. A. h. Beunte, Mr.. Thos. g.
Thomas and Miss Amanda Goetsch.
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1903-01-23
For Over Sixty Years

Mrs. winslom .,oothing Syrup has be5D
Used by millions mothers for their
children while teethinG. II disturbed az
and broken of your rest by a sick
child suffering and crying with pain of
cutting teeth send at once and get a bot
tie of "Mrp. winslow's Soothing Syrup"
for children teething. 1t will relieve the
poor little sufferer Immediately. Depend
upon it, mothers. there is no mistake
about 1t. 1t cures diarrhoea, regulates
the stomach and bowels, cures wind collie.
softens the gum and reduces inflammation
and gives tone and energy to the whole
system. Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syrup"
for children teething is pleasant to he
taste n is the prescription of one of the
Oldest and best female physicians and
nurses in the United States. Price Twen-
ty-fve cents a bottle. Sold by all drug
gists throughout the world. Be sure and
ask for Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syr-
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1903-01-23

Only the best the market affords is
served at Mrs. Frye's restaurant. If.
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1903-01-23
More From Niagara.

1t has been decided to build a ,.,.
power plant on the Canadian siao ~
Niagara Falls, which when comn,a,.s
will enable the operators to fp,n,.,
200, 600 horse power. A few years ~
the idea of using Niagara,s nor's
would have seemed ridiculous. br, ~
progress of invention during the n.s.
century has now made it possihl.
There has also been wonderful nv
gress made in medicine during r..
time, the most noticeable being ~.
introduction of Hostetter's Stomoos
Bitters about fifty years ago.. TIL.
family medicine is for everybody h..
more especially for those who are we.h
and sickly. 1t will strengthen ,La
stomach and nerves and cure indie.
ton, dyspepsia, insomnia, constins
ton and malaria, fever and ague. r..
it and see for yourself. "
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1903-01-23

Senator Heitfeld of Idaho insists
that the Quarles bill for the repeal of
the homestead Communication law and
the stone and timber law would cheat
the irrigation fund for Western States
out of millions of dollars. He says
further that there is a sentiment in
both Houses of Congress- radically an
tagonistic to the Quarles bill. There
is little doubt that it will die an ig-
nominious death.
Under the provisions of the irriga-
ton law passed last winter the pro-
ceeds of the sale of public lands in
seventeen States and Territories are
converted into a fund for the reclama-
ton of arid lands therein. The
greater part of this fund is derived
from the sale of forest lands under the
SIOue anu IlulUSI dCL anu LIS iAu
the provisions of the homestead act
in which there is a clause permitting
the Communication of payments upon
land entries. That is, a settler after
living on his homestead for a year
may make one payment in cash at the
rate of s1.zo per acre and t%hereupon
receive a patent in fee simple.
This Communication clause brings in
to the government several millions an
nually and to repeal it as is proposed
by the Quarles bill would deprive
Western States of many of the great
irrigation projects now being formu-
lated.
If Congressman Newlands' health
continues to improve and the Nevada
Legislature proves tractable he will be
able to return to Chevy Chase before
the social festivities of the 57th Con-
gress are at an end.
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1903-01-23

ANNUAL STATEMENT.
Statement Of the business of the
Western Union Telegraph Company in
the State of Nevada during the year
ended December 31st., 1902.
Total disbursements SPA ,914 70
Total receipts .......... 1919 Il
A. r. BREWER,
Jan.16-w1. Secretary.
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1903-01-23

The Times-Review says that Mon
day night about IL o'clock the miners
at the Wakefield mine were thawing
giant power upon hot ashes in the en-
CINE house, when an explosion occur
red which slightly injured w. H.
Bently, George Hobson and Jerry Pol
lock. raised the roof from the building
and tore some of the boards from the
wall. Bently was cut in the legs and
hands from flying particles of rock and
Hobson and Pollock were considerably
shaken up The engine was not injur-
ed.
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1903-01-23
Tried To Conceal Ii

It's the old story Of murder will
out" only in this Ease there's no crime.
A woman feels run down, has back
ache or dyspepsia and thinks it's moth
ing and tries to hide it until she fin
ally breaks down. Don't deceive your
self. Take Electric Bitters at once.
1t has a reputation for curing Stom-
ach. Liver and Kidney troubles and
will revivify your whole system. The
worst forms Of those maladies will
quickly yield to the curative power OF
Electric Bitters. Only soc, and guar
anteed by Brown Bros, Druggists.
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1903-01-23
It's Just Right

II you buy 1t at Hofman's the price
ia right, the measure is right n the
ouality Ia right. In fact, its all right
This store is headquarters for lady
shoppers and there are all Sorts OF
things in the furnishing line o men.
Call for what you want II you don't
see it displayed. General clearance
sale of winter goods.
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1903-01-23
REDEMPTION OF COURTHOUSE
BONDS.

NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN TO
Whom it May Concern:-That there
is now on hand in the County Treas
ury of Humboldt county, State of Ne
vada, the sum of three thousand six
hundred twenty-eight dollars and for
ty-three cents, to be applied to the re-
demption of Courthouse bonds issued
by the Board of County Commission
ers of said county and State in the
year 1895; that the holders of bonds
numbers "a, 25, 26, 81, %, 29 and 30
are hereby specially notified that the
same will be paid upon presentation
and delivery to the County Treasurer
of said county, and that the interest
on said bonds will cease at the expira-
ton of thirty days from the date here
OF.
BY order of the Board of County
Commissioners of Humboldt county,
Nevada.
j. T. DUNN,
,Jan1e-w2. Clerk.
Witness my hand and the seal of
said county this 10Th day of January,
A. D. 1903.
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1903-01-23

There are a great many hungry hearted
women who would attend a baby sale if
babies were ever offered for sale, because
there are a great many wives who love
children and have been told by physi-
clans that they can never hope to nurse
a child of their own.
Some of these women who have used
DR.. Pierce's Favorite Prescription for the
cure of womanly ills have been made
happy mothers as a result of the cure of
womanly disease and the building up of
the general health.
Doctor Pierce's Favorite Prescription
make weak women strong and sick
ONE we'll. 1t establishes regularity,
dries weakening drains, heals infamma-
ton and liberation and cures female
weakness.
III wrote to you some time ago to get informa-
airy, of Dryden, Va. 1T was troubled with
female weakness and pains. Received answer
from you, advising me TO take Doctor Pierce's
Favorite Prescription and Golden Medical Dis
covery.' / took two bottles of Favorite Pre-
scription and found il did me good. l had
been married four years and had no children /;
now | can say that our house is blessed with a
little baby boy, born July 10th, by the help of
God and your medicine. / praise your medicine
highly.
o can publish this letter if you wish
FREE. DIR. Pierce's Common Sense
Medical Adviser is sent free on receipt
of stamps to pay expense of mailing onLy.
Send Ell one-cent stamps for the book in
paper covers, or 81 stamps for the cloth
bound volume. Address DIR. r. V. Pierce
Buffalo, N. Y.
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1903-01-23
WEATHER BUREAU REPORT.

U-SDEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
WiNNEMUCCA STATION, Jan ~, l9O3.I
Conditions of weather for the "a hours ending
spN. 18th meridian time or 5:09 Pm. local
time.
Mean barometer, 3006
Maximum temperature, 46 degrees.
Minimum temperature, "a above zero
Mean temperature, 40 degrees.
Normal temperature, IS degrees.
Prevailing wind-direction w.
Precipitation for "a hours 0.0l inches.
Min. temperature, Jan. %, 81 above zero.
J. C. HAYDEN.
Observer Weather Bureau.
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1903-01-23

charge Of assault and battery upon
Henry Sioux, a Piute. Judge Robins
discharged the prisoner after examin-
ing a number Of witnesses and ascer-
tanning that Henry was the aggress-
The silver state. [volume] (Unionville, Nev.) 1870-1903, 1903-01-23

THE DISTRICT COURT OF THE
STATE OF NEVADA IN AND FOR
FIFTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT AND
COUNTY OF HUMBOLDT.
In the matter of the estate of Lazard
Godchaux, deceased.
NOTICE TO CREDITORS.
NOTICE Is Hereby GIVEN THAT
the undersigned was on the 22d day Of
December, A. D. 1902, duly appointed
and qualified by the Court of the State
of Nevada in and for the Fifth Judicial
District, and County of Humboldt. as
executor of the estate of Lazard God
chaux, late of said county, deceased.
All creditors having claims against
said estate are required to file the same
with proper vouchers and statutory
affidavits attached, with the clerk of
the court, within three months from
the date of the first publication Of this
notice.
Dated this I'D day of December, A.
D. 1902.
C. H. WILSON,
Executor of last will of Lazard God
chaux, deceased.