The Billings gazette., 1903-11-13
PROGRAMME WAS GOOD ONE
Different Papers and Resulting Dis
cussions Proved Highly Interest
ing and Instructive.

BILE for the small attendance at yes
terday's farmers institute. Whatever
the cause, the number present was so
small as to have discouraged almost
anybody except the ones who had
volunteered to read papers and lead
in the resulting discussions. The few
who were there have good reason for
congratulating themselves, as the pro-
ceedings throughout were interesting
and instructive.
l. D. O'Donnell presided and Pro-
fessor Linfield of the experiment sta
tion acted as secretary and also made
the Introductory remarks. He gave
institute work, which undoubtedly
caused some of those present to form
new ideas and opinions relative to
the worth and merits of the work the
board has undertaken.
J. w. Pace, editor of the Montana
Stockman and Farmer, followed. His
subject was "The Importance of Cor
rect Methods of Breeding" Mr.. Pace
dwelt with great emphasis upon the
fact that quality, rather than quantity
was. to be considered by the breeder
of livestock, regardless of the kind OF
animal whose growing he undertook.
AS an illustration of the fact that
"blood will tell," he cited an instance
that came under his observation at
Omaha a couple of years ago. A car
load of 2-year-old horses were sold
saw the same man sell four 2-year-olds
at $100 a head. The first price was
made possible only by indiscriminate
and reckless breeding, while the result
of the second sale was traceable to
the employment of a definite aim,
plan and method In the production OF
the animals sold.
AS the state became more thickly
settled and in consequence range land
became scarcer, Mr.. Face said, the
breeders of Montana would be compell-
ed to pay more regard to the quality
of their animals than to the number
raised. A profit of IS on one animal
was much more desirable than IS
profit on five animals. This applied
to all sorts of livestock, horses, cattle,
sheep and hogs.
The entire address was listened to
with great attention and evoked much
favorable comment.
Spoke to the Ladies.
Miss Harkins, professor of domestic
science at the state agricultural COL
lege, selected for her theme, Economy
in the Home" Theoretical and practi-
cal knowledge qualified the lady to
speak authoritatively on her subject
and the resultant lecture was a gem.
Pity it is that more housekeepers,
whether of the farm or .-.e city, could
not hear her. She declared that whole
sale buying, whenever possible, was
the means of saving much expense,
and illustrated her proposition in an
effective manner
The necessity of keeping an account
of the household expenses by the far
mer's wife was next gone into. Be-
cause of the fact that the farmers
income was usually indefinite it was
all the more necessary that the house
keeper should keep an account of her
expenses, as by doing so a better
gauge could be maintained of the in
come and expenditures and each reg
ulated accordingly. One of the great
est wastes in the home was in the
matter of buying and preparing food.
By way of all illustration she said that
while many believed that only the
more expensive cuts OF meats were
palatable and desirable, the fact re-
mained that the cheaper grades con-
tanned just as much nutriment and
food material as the dearer ones. Ii
the cheaper cuts were properly prepar-
ed they were equally as palatable and
nutritious as the expensive ones. The
only difference lay in the knowledge
of their preparation.
After further remarks Miss Harkins
proceeded to upset popular belief
by declaring that white bread was
more digestible than brown 1t was
also cheaper and better. She combat
ted the idea that brown or whole wheat
bread was better for the system than
that made of bolted flour and by doing
SO invited the criticism of those who
for SO long have been endeavoring to