The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-01-05

ne QTiAlu OF ~IaI44
Prof Z. R. Buckley In an address,
before the Wisconsin Clay Workers.
Association. said:
II may be interesting to you to have
me tell you something IN regard to tho
origin Of clays. l am vary certain
that many Of you are familiar with
this SUBJECT, but It will do no harm for
me to make an attempt to place be-
fore you in q somewhat systematic
manner the origin OF claya. In this
connection I Will say that all clayss
whether they occur along the lake
shore. along some stream channel
6onder IN central Wisconsin, in the
vicinity Of Eau Claire In the form og
Hhalea, or at stockbridse and oa<neld
IN the form Of shales. no matter Whera
they occur. they are the result Of thu
breaking down. the decomposition Of
igneous rocks, rocks which have been
formed from molten material, nolidif
ned within or at the surface OF tho
earth. It is supposed that all the eav
lest rocks formed were Of fEneou4
origin. We have two classes Of rockn.
the ieneous and the sedimentarH
R~~@R4
been derived from the igneous rocks
largely, through the mechanical breaiz<
ing down Of the later rocks, and thus
the sedimentary rocks. sandstone
limestone and slate which covers 3
large poftion OF Wisconsin are often
spoken Of as secondary; simply mean
ing BY the term secondary that they
have been derived from some other
rock. II this should be carried etlln
farther It might be said that the ciays
are sometimes tetiary rocks. They
may be either tertiary or depending
upon whether OF not they have been
derived directly from the igneoua
rocks. II they have been derived
directly from the igneous rocks they
win be secondary, and II they have
been derived by the breaking down
Of the sedimentary rocks they may be-
known as tertiary. In this connec-
ton speak Of the ciays az rocks from
the fact that scientifically any accum-
ulation OF mineral matter. whether
solidified or not, comes In under the
head OF the term rock. that Is, the
scientific application Of the termI
rock.
Claya may be conveniently divided
into two classes known as residual
and transported. A residual clay L.
one that results from the decomposis
tion of rock In place. Take for OK
ample a thouaand acres OF land in the
northern part OF Wisconsin, covered
with naked rocks, and let It be sub
jected To the affnoanherfc agencies
for an indefinite term Of years and
you win have the rocks broken down
into q loose earthly mass. The rain-
water seeps into the rock and tho
breaking down Of that rock simply
means that certain constituent ele4
ments are separated from the miner
ais which compose that rock and ara
carried on by the underground water
That part Of the rock which remains
Is known as residual clay. provided
the rock originally contains the clay
constituent.
In a great many cases the small par
ticles that have been broken from the
different rocks which cover the sur
face Of the earth are picked up BY
the water which flows off from the
surface and carried into the streams
aud by them into the oceans. lakes
or food plains Of the streams. and
there deposited. These particles are
sorted out according to their size and
specific gravity, particles Of like size
and the same specific gravity being
accumulated in one place.--Farmars'
Review.