The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1903-07-06

world. Why is this' Because the people
and statesmen OF tho United States realized
years ago that a strong protective policy would
nrst OF all build up homo manufactures by sccur-
Ing for Americans the best Of tho home market.
feeling sure all the time that. once the manufact-
urcrs Of the United States grew to the needs OF
home consumption they would go on building for
export trade. And TO day all that was predicted
for the manufacturers and workngmcn Of the
United States has come true. Millions upon mill
ions OF foreign money and tens OF thousands OF
foreign worlsmcn are pouring into the United
States to reap some OF the fruits OF the great ma
tional protective policy OF the American Union.
Can Canada repeat this Look at the cotton mills.
tobacco factories. rolling mills that were built up
In Canada under the national policy. and we can
easily picture what would happen II tho Govern
ment OF Canada would give to Canadians q Canada
or-Canadans policy, looking nrst 20 the securing
for Canadians the Canadian consumption. and then
a share OF the markets Of India. Great Britain.
Australia Japan. Italy Spain, South Africa, In fact
OF the whole world"
While this in itself is no more than the
expression of an individual though in
fiuental paper, careful investigation
points to conclusion that it may be ac-
cepted as expressing a widespread Cana
dian sentiment. This conclusion finds
support in a part of Canada's recent
political history. In 1878 the Conscrva-
tive party won in general election, and
in 1879 adopted a protective tariff which
became known as the National Policy
Under this there grew up very con-
siderable manufacturing interest, and a
large amount of money was invested in
mills and factories From 1873 to 1879
Canada exports of manufactures had
fallen from s24, 500, 900 TO $13,OO0,000. A
reaction followed the imposition OF the
tariff, and in addition 10 large domes-
tic trade, exports Of this class showed
steady increase, until, for the year 1902,
they reached siB,oO0,OOO. Another cleo
ton took place in 1896 and the Conserve
tives were defeated largely because Of
complication regarding the school qies-
ton in the province Of Manitoba. The
Liberals, who then came into power,
we're nominally free trade party Yet
it is to be noted that no radical change
in the tariff was then made, nor has any
been made since that time, with the ca
ception of the extension OF preferential
rate on English wares, provided they
fell within the bounds OF certain pre-
scrbed conditions.
This failure to carry into effect the de-
clared policy of the party is accounted
for by the fact that the tariff issue was
not the turning point of the election, and
no strong sentiment for free or even for
freer trade was manifest in the country,
although reciprocity measures found
certain degree of approval. Being in
power, the Liberal party was clearly
afraid to risk its tenure of Office by the
introduction of the principles for which
it professed to stand, and only few
comparatively insignificant modifica-
tions were effected. The continued in
crease in manufactures for domestic use
and for export has tended to strengthen
the protection sentiment, and there has
developed group of special interests
well or wisely be ignored.
Canada's natural resources in the de-
partment Of raw materials for use in
manufacturing processes are almost
lmitless Her known and now practi-
cally available coal areas are estimated
at nearly 100000 square miles. This
does not include known areas in the far
North, where transportation is not yet
possible. Iron ores, some good and
some of superior quality, are found from
Cape Breton to Vancouver. Copper,
lead and nickel, to say nothing of gold
and silver lie under her soil in rich
abundance Add to these her vast forest
areas, and agricultural possibilities,
which will enable her readilyto feed mill
ions of operatives and artisans, and it is
plainly to be seen that, given capital and
labor and reasonable encouragement
by tariff system, Canada is econOmi-
cally only less independent than the
United States This fact her capitalists
have already seen, and il is becoming
ever more and more apparent to her
people An inevitable outcome of this
realization is the powerful political in
fuence of specially interested groups,
and increasing popular appreciation Of
the advantages to Canada of a political
policy of Canada for the Canadians
With this sentiment all nations seeking
trade relations with the Dominion will
have to reckon. 1t is manifestly inn
possible to measure with precise accuracy
the force of this protection sentiment,
but its existence as controlling force in
Canadas affairs to-day is not open to
doubt 1t is almost equally certain that
the influence will increase rather than
diminish
The Cincinnati HOusemaids' Club.
The Rev Dr. CHARLES FREDERIC
Goss, who accomplished The Redemp-