The sun., 1903-03-29
:JEO KILLS LONG CAPTIVITY,
rWENTY-FIyE YEARS PRISONER
VITHIN THE VATICAN.

,,n., Constitutes the Constraint That ID
pu non the Pope-Thc Theory o. the
temporal and the spiritual Power
Contrast Between Frances Treat
ment Of the Church and Germsny's
-Ieo's Desire for the Union Of Al the
Churches Against the Free Thinkers.
ROME, March I.-Yesterdays great fes-
,Ivals were held TO mark the close Of the
ponti6cal Jubilee OF Leo Kill. who was
elected on Feb. 20, 1873. and crowned on
the March 3 following, twenty-five years
ago One episode Of the coronation 10
.trkinp. In the middle OF the ceremony
anne lighted tow IA presented TO the Pope
n, the end of the stick with the remark:
sic transit gloria nSndi,' thus passes the
glory Of this world. Whatever the dura-
lion OF his reign he sees its glory pass like
tow
Until Plus TX ST. Peter alone had reigned
for twenty-five years. the term Leo XIII.
has lust reached. Among their prede-
ceesors, Plus VI and Plus VII. came nearest
10 II, missing by only a few months the
term which is used In the formula for wish
ing a long rign to Popes St. Peter was
cn,cified head downward. Plus vi. died
Al valence on the Rhone as the prisoner OF
Bonaparte Plus VII. was the prisoner
of Napoleon I. at Savona. Plus TX. after
being dispossessed OF the States OF the
Church. died In his prison OF the Vatican.
Leo XIII has never left that prison from
the time he was elected and crowned.
That great palace filed with works Of
art prison? Well. what IA Leo Kills
nositions The heads OF States accredit
their Ambassadors to him and he accredlts
his to them. and In Catholic countries, In
the French Republic. a. in the Austro-
Hungarian monarchy. his Ambassadors
have PRECEDENCE over other Ambassadors.
He IL. therefore, the head Of State like
the King OF Italy or the President OF the
Swiss Confederacy. the President Of the
United States or the German Emperor.
the President Of the French Republic or
the Gar and has the preeminence shown
by the rank Of HIS Ambassadors.
Now the King of Italy has made the capi-
tal of the States Of the Church his own
and wields In it the sovereign power, so
that II Leo XIII. had 70 exercise that power
we're II even only for his own personal
security, he could not do 90. but would be
Obliged to have recourse to him who does
exercise II in fact. and that recourse would
become little by lttie an acknowledgement
Of the power OF the person who has dis
poseesaed him and a renunciation OF his
own power For that reason Leo XIII.
never leaves the Vatican. where this danger
b restricted - much ~ Ia possible and
he IL q prisoner through his condition as
much and more than Plus VI. and Plus
VII were through the caprice OF a despot.
However beautiful II may be a palace Is
alwayp a prieon when you cannot leave 1t
and when you have completed your ninety
third year, a. Leo Kill now has. that prison
h tomb. The last time that Leo XIII.
deiened to receive me he seemed 40 frail
that the wish for the year Of Peter
would have seemed mockery. But he is
always very active in memory and intelli-
kence. As he has always loved politics,
diplomacy, philosophy and letters In the
service Of the church, he may be pictured
bending unweariedly over the Papal chess
board, composing. between two moves. a
Latin sonnet to which he will give the f1n-
ishine touches in walking around his little
vineyard in the Vatican gardens. Old age
hAs put an end 70 these modest pleasures
OF former days.
But old age does not prevent him from
upholdine vigorously the two acts Of his
pontinoate which have aroused so many
controversies: first. the repetition Of the
precept Of submission to established powers.
formulated by the founder OF the Church.
Render unto Cesar the things which are
Ceear's, and unto God the things that are
God's,"a precept recalled to all the faithful
and in particular to the Irish. the Cariists,
the German Centre and the Poles; and,
second, the obligation imposed on the
French faithful to adhere to the republic.
The Church Ia no religion limited to a
single nation and isolating that nation
from others, - is the case, for instance,
With Judaism, from which 1t sprang; IL Is
On International, universal religion. teach
ing TO all men, black and white. ye low
and olive, the same faith and the same
morality In order TO make them better,
70 bring them closer together and to raise
them toward their common Creator. 1t
must deal, too, with all political systems
and It renders unto CeBsar what Ia Cesar's.
that is to cay, Il has placed on it's faithful