The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1903-05-24
SCIENCE.
Transmission OF Electric Energy.

the transmission Of electric power over long
distances md describes the plants now In
operation that fulfil economical conditions.
| Theoretically 1t, is possible to employ con-
centric cables insulated In oil to convey
currents under n pressure of $4,000 volts,
1 or, in other terms. to deliver 100000 kilo-
| watts at distance OF 3S4 kilometres with q
loss OF 10 per cent. in transmisson or. aguin
to transmit currents over aerial wires at n
4 pressure OF l6oo)o volts tho more can be
employed on account Of descriptive discharge.
, The higher the pressure the more economical
the trnnsmission.
These limits have not been reached . in
and an much more r. AZ United states; Isn
Company was, sending so kiowutts to .
distance Of SO kilometres urder pressure OF
yGts nf sne this fh ssa Ghs Bly,
power 10 Montreal a. kiiometers, under
the, sort. The NiuGarn Power companies
WIZ transmit, when their plants are com
81 t s SSEse Of bcwsr iueh Of a
power 10 to be utilized on the spot. but much
Of II is TO be transmitted to Tonawnnda. Lock-
22.ooo volts: while Ioronto-lsl Kilometres
distantis to be supplied by cure mt under
is considered to be perfectly practicdbie and
| practical IN electric power plants.
THE CONSERVATION OF ENERGY AND ITS
CONSEQUENCES.
! Sir Oliver Lodge recently delivered an ad-
! dress on the interacti1n between the mem
! tai and material aspects OF things. which
| was printed In Nature for April 20. 1t is re-
viewed by DR.. Hobson in the same journal
for April 80. The really fundamental issue
between the advocates OF thoroughgoing
| naturalism and their opponents Is, he says,
] the following: Can the human body or the
physical world. including living organisms,
be rightly REGARDED as theoret icallv completely
representable as dynnlnical system In such
4 manner that the whole OF tine motions of the
| system. and every Ccne of them. are com
laws Of d nanics? is the physical a com
| p!ete system without taking, any, account
| OF the ps> chical or is i. On the ether hand,
psvchical on the physical exists without
which the actnal motions Of the PIX steal
laws OF physics complete and accurate as they
are. In no way exclude Guidance of events by
| Influence, cannot, 1t appears. be REGARDED MS
[. true In any sense relevant to the main issue
F, sderinr that the mott n of al the parts Of any
mechanical system are conn letelvnnd uniquely
by of .h sw of
| to understand how room is left for supple
mentinr these laws or how the psychic, can
| traversing them The review is dated from
Christ's College. Cambridge
RADIUM
1 Prof. j. j. Thompson writes an important
| note to Nature tApril 30) respecting recent
| explanations Of the action of radum. 1t
has recently heen established that radinm
! gives out sufflcicnt energy to melt half Its
own weight OF Ice per hour. What is the
source Of this energy? 1t has been sug-
! gested that radi,m derives its energy from
the, air surroun ding it: that the atoms of
| tho ha OF in var frpy fhn ~
movinR-,ir molecules. while they are ale
/ To- retain their own energy when in collision
| Thompson shows that even the possession Of
such n property would not explain. the nhe-
Within Ina sf p socR Of q ce lin
from! By the by = thesis there Is no change
radinm Is lost by the air, and hoSt cannot
aoT ,t2 the CAVITY from the o +, 70, the
pIHratons are md fod to be-
is not stable under ali condition. and that
ses ~ sse4n ea
! h, the condition In which stability ceases.
| which peas into some. other oontgnration.
pnaton Is az 81" len TX and
may ne accented. at least professionally.
p1CHRoMIsM OF LIQUIDS.
Nj. George heShlT mas pointed out tnaJ
certain liquids present. In MAGNETIC field.
| phenomena Of unequal absorption of the
| two components which vlbrate parallel and
! perpendicular to the field, phenomena that
! he classes under the name dichromism.
! The phenomena are present In such liquids
! as enlphuret of carbon ben2ne, bichlcride
copper &c. '"T The association really Consists
OF a susrension Of the particles Of the latter
/ hat N former and phap0mapnp
position that the magnetic field causes these
lines Of force and that the vibrations are
subject to snecial absorptions according as
sm a eTs OF aoor r in the oud
mass The intensity of the phenomenon
varies greatly ACCORDING to the n ixture en-
{, observed In the electric field. The parer
containin" these and Other &, concInslnns was
Sciences in April last.
THE DISCOVERY OF THE FOUR BRIGHT sATEL-
LITEs or JUPITER.
Prof Oudemans OF Utrecht has recently
printed pamphlet under the title "Gnlileo
ct Marius" in which the question whether
the Inter was nm independent discoverer OF
the satellites OF Jupiter Ia exhaustively dis
c,issed. The claim was holly contested by
Calico. and it has been prejudiced by the cur
rent idea that Murius claimed priority in the
discovery. owing to his statement in the Mum
d,s Joriolis that he noticed three of the satel-
ltes on Dec. 20, 1870, u few days inter which
he saw the fourth. The date of Galileo's
discovery WAS Jan. 7. 1910: but this is by the
now, or Gregoran. style OF calendar. hcreaS
Mnrius dixie all Germans at that timej adhered
to the old, or Julian. style according to which
Dec. 20 correspondent to Jan. Of the follow
ing year. Prof. Oudemans has proved that
the discovery of Marius was an indep. ndent
one although it was not the first in date
and thus Il heated controversy OF the seven
teenth century is finally settled in the TWEEN
tieth.
AN EGYPTIAN COD IDENTIFIED.
The Egyptians had crowded pantheon
as Is we'll known. In II many animals had
place and. likewise, many of its gods in human
shape were provided with animal heads
Horus had the head OF a hawk: Seiok that OF
= crocodile Bust that of " cat. and so forth
Among them all was enc god VIII has been
thorn In the side of arcnRoof SITS. Ibis was
Sci the brother and the murderer of Osiris
In spite OF his rpprehensible action Sci was
dened and tradition dec lares that he was
, expelled from Egypt and became king Of
the deserts. His statues show him in human
form with the head of an animal unknown
to science The discovery of the okGm BY
German archaolo ist to identify the head
Of the Egyptian rod with that Of / hat zebra
like animal, and thcn to 81 I've the long, stand
ing eniG maj Truly the sciences are related
when zooloricai discovery lends helI ing