davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

That $4,000 majority for Nc
Clellan in New York is quite a
shock to Roosevelt, and he is
going to watch his, home State
mighty close the next two years.
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07
Centenary Methodist.

Sunday School at $3.50 a. M; Lucius
Gooch, Superintendent.
Preaching at II am. and 7:45 p. m
Epworth League at 6:45 p. m.
Prayer meeting Wednesday night
at 7:45 p. m.
H. @. WILLIS, Pastor.
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

FOR RENT-On 8, one and one 5
room new cottage close in. Price
So, SO and SIS per month. viii sell
on long term with small cash pay
ment. p. II. HUGHES & Co.
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

Howard Avenue Methodist Church.
Sunday School at $3.50 a. m. j. A
Campbell, Superintendent.
Preaching every first, second and
fourth Sundays, morning and night;
no preaching the third Sunday.
You are cordially invited to attend
and worship with us.
II. ]. HAYES, Pastor.
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

FOR SALE-Strawberry plants of a
very fine variety. Just the time to
plant small patch in the garden.
Prices fifty cents per hundred. o. A.
Grove, j02 Palestine Avenue.
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

Wall paper ingrains 10 cents per
roll; figures 4 cents, latest designs.
ID. DUNK, opposite Christian church.
SS-tf.
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

st. Philips.
22nd Sunday after Trinity.
Sunday School at $3.50 a. m.
Mathis and Holy Communion with
sermon at II a. m.
Evensong and sermon at 1880 p. m.
E. H. j. ANDREWS, Rector.
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

Osteopathy has reduced the NOR
tally in Typhoid fever to per cent.
What other therapy can truthfully de-
clare as much2
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

For SALE-Nine room house, Just
being completed, East front. Finish
throughout to be first-class. Small
payment. Easy terms. Trinity VAL
ley Land Co., Royal bank building.
Telephone III. IL
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

Mrs. Horace Word has two nice
large rooms for rent with table board.
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

FoUND-The best printing at the
closest figures. Phone444, the Ham
ilton Boys, you know.
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

WANTED-A young lady roomer,
with or without board, in private fam
lily; no children; reference preferred.
Ring phone 663. 03tf
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

WANTED-A position to do light
house work, by white lady. Inquire
at No. T12 Main street. 101-3t
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

LOST-A short black and white
cloth jacket. Return to 101 Sycamore
street and get reward.
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

LosT-Money on all printing not
done by us. 444, the Hamilton Boys,
you know.
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

Accommodations for table board at
T16 Main st. Mrs. Masters. 4t.
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07
THE CHURCHES.

Presbyterian.
Regular services at the Presbyterian
church. Preaching at IL a. m. and
1880 p. IN. r. II. CRozIER, Pastor.
Congregational.
Sunday School at $3.50; F. B. Markle
Superintendent.
Services as usual.
Junior Endeavor at p. m.
Endeavor at p. m.
Prayer meeting, Wednesday even
ing s. pm. J. B. LUCAS, Pastor.
Christian.
There will be services at the usual
hours tomorrow.
Sunday School at $3.50 o'clock.
Preaching 10:45 a. m. and 1880 p. m.
Junior Endeavors at p. m. and
Senior Endeavor at 5 p. m.
| will be pleased to see a full at
tendance of the members at these SER
vices. A cordial invitation extended
to all. L. D. ANDERSON, Pastor.
Catholic.
First mass at a. m.
High mass at 10 a. m.
Sunday School at $3.50 a. m.
Rosary, sermon and benediction at
Up. m. B. LEE, Rector.
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

For SALE My new home on North
Sycamore street. large rooms, hall,
bath, front and back porch. Telephone
and water connection. Lot 7Ox25O
feet; east front. For information ap-
ply to w. A. Nash, at Wood Bros. If
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

For RENT rooms. Apply to Frank
Martin, the shoe maker, at Cooke and
Inkley's.
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

For SALE-The very best printing
in'the town at moderate rates. Ring
444, the Hamilton Boys, you know.
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

STERNE HoTEL-for rent with fur
niture. Apply to G. A. STERNE.
105-tf
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07

Avenue Baptist.
Services as usual at the Avenue
Baptist church.
ISAAC SELLERS Pastor.
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1903-11-07
Want Advertisements

We have for rent three dwellings
close in for $40, s11 and $40 month.
100-6t WRIGHT & KENDALL.
Omaha daily bee., 1903-04-12
Preserving the Public Domain for Actual Settlers

and discussion became rife as TO how best
to conserve these values for present and
future h~ome-makers. The owners OF large
herds and hocks, land and timber specula-
tors, and others who saw beneht direct or
indirect in controlling large areas Of real
estate, recognized in this agitation q serious
menace TO their operations and set about
the task Of anticipating any action congress
might be induced to take.
The land grabbers found 1t easy to accom-
plish their purpose under the present land
laws and the methods of administration
which prevail in the land office. In the first
place the government requires only that the
legal forms involved in securing land shall
be letter perfect, and the receivers and
registers OF the land Offices in the various
western districts look no further into the
practical application of the law than might
be included in a view from their office win
dows. Under the present system they are
machines for filing out blanks and not con-
servators or guardians of the peoples in
terests.
The principle underlying all land legisla-
tion OF the United States from the begin
ming has been that each citizen should be
given a farm in return for which he was
to live upon the land or so improve 1t as
to benefit not only tho new community of
"NA ~ fHAS a nv Ohb NhD COuh-
try as a whole by increasing the aggregate
wealth. That this principle has ceased to
govern the land office in its disposal OF the
public land, except purely in theory, is a
notorious fact proved by figures startling
and compelling.
OF all the thousands CT desert land en-
tries, for instance, which have been filed
in the last ten years, the land Office only
investigated 472, and out OF these 297 were
found fraudulent and eventually cancelled.
The highest number of fraudulent claims
investigated we're upon the one point Of
speculative intent on the part Of the set
tier, and in this respect Wyoming holds an
unenviable position at 'he head OF the list.
OF twenty-three cases investigated In
Wyoming nineteen OF them were found
fraudulent, or about IS per cent Of the
6lings are investigated except those in re-
gard to which special contest or informa-
tion is filed. and hat in most cases there
is no one so interested or so adventurous
as to contest his neighbours claim, the per-
centage OF fraud in the cases actually in
VestigEted becomes Of startling significance.
In 1900 the government of the United
States decided away over 10, 500. 600 acres OF
land; in 1901 these disposals reached a
total OF $4,000, 600 acres, a figure which
startled the country In its enormous pro-
portions. In 1902, however. there was a
gain Of 100000 acres. and the disposals
made by the government reached the enor-
Omaha daily bee., 1903-04-12

nous aggregate of nearly 20,000, goo acres.
At the rate which has prevailed during ths
hrst six months of the fiscal year OF 1908
the disposals will probably amount 20 at
least %, COO, eco acres, or fully as much as
was alienated at any time during the great
rush Of emigration TO the west.
The population of the west is not in
creasing proportionately with this present
rate OF lard disposal. In fact, in states
where millions of acres have been decided
away to individuals there has been an ac-
tual decrease Of the agricultural population.
All this simply means that under the
homestead law as II stands today, under
the desert land act, a measure born in
selfshness and chicanery, and under the
timber and stone act the people of the
United States are being robbed of their
landed estate, which, Lord Macauley said,
is the only thing which stands between the
people of this country and the time when
will come the real test OF republican in
situations.
In the city OF Washington. about the lob
bies of the hotels. in the corridors of the
capitol, in the ante-room of the presidents
office, signs Of this great struggle for the
control Of this tremendous empire were APP
parent daily during the session Of congress.
The tide surges from one end OF the capitol
to the other. The big range interests OF the
west have done and are doing everything In
their power to get a measure through con-
gress which will enable them to inelose with
fences great areas of land upon which in
time thousands OF cabins can and will be
built by homeseekers IL these fences do not
materialize.
During the last winter quiet but effective
work has been done by those who are aware
OF the pernicious use to which the present
land laws are being nut. and. as public sem
timent has been aroused to the real situa-
tlon, the demand for a change of method is
becoming more general. The situation Is
such today that it would practically be i'm
possible to get any bill through congress
which violated the now well-established
principle of the conservation Of the public
land for homeseekers so clearly set forth
by President Roosevelt in his two messages
to congress.
Omaha daily bee., 1903-04-12

surely no man can do justice unless he Is
happy and at rest with himself aud the
verdi"
And are you never unhappy? ?" l asked,
when you face a complex case that puzzles
you?'
Nay" said he. 1--WE are never unhappy
when we judge. II We be unhappy, we do
not Judge"
And so they sit. white bearded. undis-
turbed, patient. while fifty witnesses swear
before them concerning a missing camel
bride or the right to get water at a well.
And when all the evidence is In they judge
as carefully and con%scientiously as II the
fate OF the Moslem world depended on their
verdict.
These men are truly at rest. They have
made the good fight. for they can become
Kadis only after they have made it. They
have no ambitions save to fulhll the words
CT the Koran. They smile at the strife that
plays before them, and maintain their own
souls in quietness.
Therefore the Kadl is not merely a Judge
in cases OF law He is the Wise Man OF
the district. Men come to him with their
Quarrels and disputes and embarrassments
to be Judged, even when the cases are not
at all within legal jurisdiction.
In Arabia and the Eastern Asiatic Tur-
key a man cannot become Kadi by accident
of birth and station or by favor of politics
or other influence. He must choose the
profession and train himself to II from
early youth.
When the Oriental boy is II years old
he must enter the Medrese, a theological
government school. IL he wishes to enter
either the theological or legal profession.
There he learns the Koran by heart. II Is
~expOunded for him infinitely, passage by
passage. He is known as a Sofia while
he is studying. When he knows the Koran
thoroughly. so that he can hold his own
in arguments with the teachers, he as
sumes the name of Hahs. and prepares
for his examination. A student rarely rises
to the degree OF HANS until he is 20 years
old.
When he passes the examination he must
choose at once between theology and the
law. Having chosen the latter, he faces
FIVE years Of study even harder than any
that has gone before. During that time he
must make himself proficient in logic,
rhetoric, morals, philosophy, theology and
law.
Then he is ready TO pass the examination
which shall entitle him to become n kadl.
But he is not advanced to that dignity i'm
mediately after he has passed the examina-
Omaha daily bee., 1903-04-12

ton, fer the most important and dis
t~inctive part Of the training has still TO
come. He must become one OF the poor
and learn their daily life. their tempta-
items and their sorrows. by hard, personal
experience.
This stage OF his career lasts three years
and almost all its conditions are rigidly
prescribed. He must practice In court dur
ir>s that time. taking the cases OF the poor.
His income from this source is almost nom
inal and he mast keep himself alive by
earning a petty income with all kinds of
hard, mean toll. SO he learns the world in
which he Is to be a judge, for he struggles
for existence as do the people who will
come before him some day to be judged.
But though he experiences their priva-
items aud their temptations he may not
stumble like them. ITO become a Judge,
oh Hans, the green cloth that thou wearest
around they fez must be ever unsoiled. - is
the law. 1t is bitter, hard service. But
they who so through 1t untarnished are
wise when they emerge. They are what
the koran demands when II says that only
a human being who has become a true
man shall dare to judge other human be-
ings.
Hans Forster. the Oriental's', who knows
the true eastern Judge better, probably,
than does any other European today, tells
in a recent work of his talk with kadl Of
Safcd-a talk which illustrates what |
have said here about the class.
Poor judges CT the unbelievers.' said
the kadi Of Safed. Hassan Bey. to me,
after he had read several articles from
tho Turkish law to me, and I had. in turn,
explained to him about the duties of our
judges. Poor judges OF the unbelievers!
How often you must suffer painful hours
owing to your dutiesl'
THAT was strange to hear from the lips
OF a man who had been a kadi hidden away
in that little hamlet in Palestine for forty
years and in that time had heard little
or nothing about European judges. When
l asked him II he had never, for even a
moment, repented his choice Of a profess
SIGN, the aged man smiled and answered:
mot for a moment How can enc feel
repentance for that which gives him joyf'
ARD that truly is the secret OF tho
judges of the Orient" concludes Forster.
"They. are peaceful. l know more than
one. Their profession gives them JOY.
We ready pretty Arabic stories Of the as
founding judgments Of the kadis. The
stories are true of today. The kadls are
the wise men of tho Lands OF the Morn
Ing" LUDWIG II. SOUDEN.
Omaha daily bee., 1903-04-12
The Wise Men of the Land of Morning

These Judges are in love with their pro-
fession; power and prosperity do not weigh
with them against their ardor in the study
Of man; they are not impatient at the pet
tiness Of a case, because to them no act Of
humanity is petty. II is the man whom
they Judge and not his trivial acts.
] have seen these men sit in Judgment.
Day after day they are as calm and self
contained as the sands that stretch away
from their gates.
The secret OF 1t is that they have no
doubts. No tangle of previous decisions or
conflicting statutes or constitutionality or
policy confronts them. Every judgment
goes back to the fountain head-the Koran.
1t answers all their questions. 1t is the
compass that guides the ship Of law in the
true Orient.
These Kadis do not venture to sit in
Judgment If they are Ill or perplexed by
private affairs or unhappy because OF mis-
fortune OF themselves or friends. They will
not even sit in judgment IL they are hungry
or thirsty. They will not judge IL they
are in haste to be gone.
Not long ago l saw a witty article,
written by a really experienced and keen
traveller. in which he told about the calm
ness with which an Oriental kadi ad-
journed his court because he wished to take
some refreshment and smoke his pipe. l
suppose that this story. which was en-
tirely correct as to facts, impressed those
who read 1t with the autocracy and bar
barrie simplicity ,f justice in Arabia, where
the traveller witnessed the scene.
But, as a matter of fact, that occurrence
was a typical proof OF the conscienti1usness
of the Oriental kadi. For what says the
Koran for his direct guidance?
Thou shalt not Judge, oh, Judge. hast
thou pain within thy body. dost thou feel
thy spirit troubled for thy son. dost thou
sorrow for thy friend! Thou shalt not
judge, oh, Judge, feelest thou hunger or
dost thou thirst, until thou hast reached
a spring to refresh thee! Thou shalt not
judge, oh. judge. feelest thou in thy soul
that God hath not willed it TO let thee
judged"
What" said an old kadi to me when l
praised a certain German judge, and, in
poof OF 1t, told how he had sat awake all
night studying a case and then had sat for
twelve hours to hear it in court. What:
Do you mean to tell me, o Giaur, that he
dared to sit in judgment when he was
weary and fatigued so that his soul and
mind were not at peace? Unhappy judges
OF the Evening Lands. to when the sweet
est duty OF man means wretchedness! For
Omaha daily bee., 1903-04-12

rights for temporary occupants, will give
no shadows of titles, no monopolies. and
will help rather than hinder settlement by
homesteaders.
All legislative battles are not Tough. on
filings. When 1t is realized that no land
the floor of house or senate, in the pages
Of the Congressional Record or even in the
committee room. Many really serious and
important contests never come close
enough to the surface to receive ofncial
recognition even in the preliminary stages
Of congressional procedure. For years past
there has waged a relentless campaign for
the control of the great landed property of
the United States. Beginning with an area
Of over LOCO, 600, 900 acres of land held in
trust for the people by the representatives
In congress, these vast possessions have
been decreased year by year through sale,
grant, gift and ether innumerable ways in
which land can be transferred from one
owner to another, until the unappropriated
public domain today amour s in rsurd num-
bers 10 about 500, 000, COO acres.
After a struggle, only equalled in the
history OF land legislation by the great
fight which resulted in the Cnactment OF the
homestead law in 1862, congress passed the
national reclamation act OF a year ago and
created a revolving. fund, which will shortly
amount To aDCul SLOsUOOsVVO' y SCioih III
fertile hut arid territory OF the western
states.
President Roosevelt in his first annual
message laid down the principle that Sue
cessful home-making Is but another name
for the upbuilding or a nation" In his
message OF last December he again called
attention to the notorious and outrageous
uEe of the present land laws. Great, how
ever, is the political power OF the landed
interests of the sparsely settled western
states.
In the years Of the great trek to the
west, when thousands upon thousands OF
native-born Americans and incoming for
eigners were pushing the line of settlement
west OF the Mississippi. where the earth
needed but tickling with the pillow to pro-
duce sure harvest, 1t was then believed that
the land business Of Uncle Sam had reached
its highest point. This belief was justified
by the events OF the few years following
the sos, for instead of alternating 25,-
900, 900 or 26. OCO, 900 acres of land a year to
settlers. grantees and others, the amount
disposed Of annually fell to not over one
half. or even less.
In the year 1900 public attention was first
thoroughly aroused to the great value for
the future of the remaining public land as
an outlet for increasing population, a rem
edy for social disorder, and as the future
source of a food supply. when, from present
Indications, will become absolutely neces-
saTy within a few brief years. Speculation
Omaha daily bee., 1903-04-12

- called "Kadi' in derision, and as
a term to describe his low moral standard.
In truth. we western peoples who are lost
in the complexities of legislation and prece-
dent. extending backward for ages, have
much to learn from the simple and clear
logic of the Oriental Kadi.
do not refer to the Kadi who holds court
In European Turkey, or even in the western
parts Of Asiatic Turkey, where the subtle
ties Of law have begun to make their way
from civilized Europe.
Western culture has touched these Kadis
and their education has made them largely
European, because many of them have
studied in German, Austrian and French
colleges. They may be Oriental still In
form and habits, but they are not perme-
ated with Orientalism as are the Kadis of
the true east, where life still is much like
the life described by the story tellers OF
the Arabian Nights.
Presumably, the general Occidental idea
that the Kadi is a corrupt and cruel Judge,
springs directly from the stories in those
same Arabian Nights. The generality OF
people do not stop to realize (although it is
plain thought that the Oriental story teller
is a satirist, and that he portrayed not the
typical Kadi. but the exceptional one.
In the lands in the east of Palestine and
farther east of them and in Arabia, sit the
Kadis of whom 1 have knowledge, and who
typify the Kadi of the Orient. OF course.
there are corrupt and wicked and cruel and
ignorant men among them, as there are in
any class or profession in all parts Of the
world. But. as a whole, the Kadis are re-
markable men with wisdom as great todaJ
as 1t was in the days when there began the
tales of the wise and deep judgments Of the
Oriental judges.
The story of the Jar Of olives has it's
duplicate today in real life in many similar
instances of simple clear-sightedness and
of verdicts that are delivered according to
no iron formula OF written laws, but ac-
cording to the dictates Of common sense,
vitalized by thorough knowledge of the
human heart.
Among these kadis are men who never
have travelled from their little villages and
towns hidden away in the edges of deserts,
and living still in the day of the caravan.
Among them are men who have been Kadis
for forty years, and who sit, ever serene
and placid. listening to interminable stories
Of petty village disputes, with no sign OF
impatience or WEAKNESS.