davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
FAMILY THAT ONCE
OWNED BOOKER 7.
sermiIlion, S. o., Man Takes
Negro Leader to Task for
Measurements.
HIS MEMORY MUST BE BAD
DR.. w. r. Price. Whose Grandfather
Owned the Colored Educator,
Sets Right Some Errors on
W~ashington's Book.

Vermillion, S. D., Nov. 20.-The
grandfather of DR., w. +. Price of this
city was the owner of Booker T.. Wash
lngton when the latter was a boy. DR..
Prices mother, who resides here with
her son, is the daughter of John Bur-
roughs, OF whom Mr.. Washington
speaks in his autobiography. Her sis
ter taught Washington his letters, and
the family members did all they could
to help him in his early struggles.
In his masterpiece, up from Slav-
ery,' Mr.. Washington does not speak
in glowing terms of the Burroughs
family, but is inclined to treat them
rather %shabbily. He does not use the
name of his old owner, but a y the
family was thriftless. lacked energy
and enterprise, and that the little
negro boys had nc hats n few
clothes. These are instances, the
Prices assert, wherein the writer's
memory fails, and his imagination
does not supply the lack. Walter st.
Clair, a nephew of Mrs. Price, in speak
ing of Mr.. Washington, avs
When Booker Was a Boy.
"At the beginning of the civil war,
James Burroughs had been living
/ about fifteen years on a farm on the
Lynchburg turnpike, about two miles
west of Haleford p~ostoffice, Franklin
county, Virginia. At that time he
owned a brownisn-black negro woman
named Jane, and she had two sons,
John, aged 8, and Booker, aged s..
Just after the war closed her husband,
Washington Ferguson, moved with
the family to West Virginia. where the
only child, by this marriage, died.
After moving Booker wrote occasion
ally to Mrs. Laura Burroughs Holland,
who now lives near Bedford, Va, and
to other members Of the Burroughs
family. To the time of Mrs. Eliza
beth Burroughs death he would inquire
as to her health, and would speak of
her In the most respectful way, always
designating her as old Mistress
ITO be just to Booker Washington,
he was too young to be considered au-
thority on events of that period, and
1t is to be remembered that the routine
life Of the home was seriously inter-
rupted when six sons were in the con-
federate army and four were brought
home wounded. l have seen Mrs.
Elizabeth Burroughs, wife of James
Burroughs, and am well acquainted
with several of her son n daugh-
tiers, and can say that you cannot n
a family with more energy, sound
sense and good Judgment anywhere
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
.aade Them w ek.

When electricity was Erst being put
to commercial uses, the Carnegie Steel
company invested in electric travelling
cranes to the extent of $s50,000. After
the cranes had been delivered and paid
for, the discovery was made that they
wouldn't work. As a result, the men
who had talked Mr.. Carnegie into CIV
ing his approval to the purchase of
the cranes sat UP nights trying to find
q way to make them travel, and incl
dentally wondering what would happen
to them If they did not discover the
way.
While these ~lieutenants were thus oc-
cupied an -unostentatious chemist in
the Edgar Thomson works, who has
recently come from Germany, spent his
spare time in making a mysterious set
of plans. When he had finished, he
rolled up his work. placed II under his
arm, went to Mr.. Carnegte's once, anG
sought admission.
Mr.. Carnegie he said, after he had
introduced himself, Il can make the
electric cranes go"
Mr.. Carnegie looked at his visitor in
establishment.
You make them go." he said. in
credulously. do you know that the
best electrical experts in America can't
make them go?"
II do" was the reply. "but / can
IldhC luSLn 60, just the same.
Then tell me how" said Mr.. Car
negie, impressed with his employees
earnestness.
With hat the little chemist, who had
not been given credit for knowing any
thing beyond the range of his mortar
and tubes, unfolded his blue print plans
n started to explain his scheme. Be-
fore he had got fairly well started ii
was evident to Mr.. Carnegie that the
German had hit upon the right idea.
He turned to his desk, and, while the
man kept up his struggle with the Eng
fish language, he wrote out this order:
MIR. - is to nave any material and
any men that ne deems proper at his
disposal until further notice."
Take that" he said, as he handed
the paper to the German and broke off
the interview; and IL you make the
cranes go / shall be pleased"
A month later the chemist again OBJ
tanned an audience with Mr.. Carnegie.
They are working he said.
Today the man IS living in Germany
where he Is running a vineyard. He
bought 1t with part OF the $3.50, 000-thC
cost of the cranes-that Mr.. Carnegie
allotted him of the stock of the stee
company.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
Needed His TrouseYs.

Among the passengers of a steamship
just in from England was a clergyman,
whose intention it was to take up his
permanent residence here. During the
examination of his baggage, which in
cluded SUPPLIES, stoles and other nom
dutiable church vestments, the ques-
ton arose whether the reverend gen.
tleman was not called upon to pay duty
for the numerous pairs of trousers
which he was importing. Said the GUS
toms officer:
Il am sorry to say, sir, that you must
pay duty on these trousers; only the ap-
parel you make use of during divine
Serice can be admitted free of duty"
Whereupon The quick witted clergy
man exclaimed:
Come, come, my dear man! You
surely don't expect me TO officiate in
church without my trousers!"
So the apparel in question was passed
free of charge,
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
EnuIish.


Life: There are about half q million
words In English.
Thoughts English wardrobe Is thus
easily Its largest In the number of sep
arate costumes. The German makes q
bigger show by using several shirtwaists
with one skirt.
Many words of English arc seldom used
west Of Quinsigamond Pond, south OF
Providence Plantations n north OF the
Androscoggin. Other words, however, are
worked to death everywhere, conspicu-
Gus among these being the word brilliant,
which is applied indiscriminately to sena-
tors, society and stove polish.
The phrase. Kings English, still has its
force, Mr.. Morgan's attention having been
pretty much taken up, hitherto, with
railways and steamboats,.
The English tongue IS certainly a noble
tongue-not to disparage Kansas City and
Chicago tongues, which are very nice foI
picnics or large receptions.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
BOTH FEEL
What Proper Food Does for Both
Mind and Body.

What Proper Food Does for Both
Mind and Body.
Physical health, mental health, in
deed almost everything good on this
earth depend in great measure upon
proper food.
Without health nothing is worth
while and health can be won almost ev
cry time by proper feeding OH the sci
entiic food Grape-Nuts.
4 California trained nurse proved
this: Three years ago l was taken
very sick, my work as a trained nurse
having worn me out both in body and
mind, and medicine failed to relieve
me at all. After seeing a number Of
physicians and specialists and getting
no relief / was very much discouraged
and felt that l would die of general
nervous and physical collapse.
my condition was so bad / never i'm
agined food would help me, but on the
advice of a friend | tried Grape-Nuts.
The first package brought me so much
relief that l quit the medicines and
used Grape-Nuts steadily three times a
day. The result was that within six
months l had so completely regained
my strength and health that l was
back nursing again and l feel the i'm
provement in my brain power just as
plainly as l do in physical strength.
"After my own wonderful expert
ence with Grape-Nuts | have recon-
mended it to my patients with splen-
did success and it has worked wonders
in the cases Of many invalids whom l
have attended professionally" Name
given by Postum Co., Battle Creek,
Mich.
Look in each package for a copy OF
the famous little book, The Road to
MELVILLE"
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28

In every country of the civilized world
Sisters of Charity are known. Not only
do they minister to the spiritual and
intellectual needs of the charges COM
mitted to their care, but they also
minister to their bodily needs.
With so many children to take care Of
and to protect from climate and disease,
these wise and prudent Sisters have
found Peruna a never failing safeguard.
DIR. Hartman receives many letters
from Catholic Sisters from all over the
United States. a recommend recently
received from a Catholic institution IN
Detroit, Mich, reads rs follows:
DR.. S. B. Hartman, Columbus, Ohio:
Dear Sir--"Thc young girl who used
the Peruua was suffering from Mryngi-
lis, and loss of voice. The result of
the treatment was most satisfactory.
She found great relief, and after
further use of the medicine we L0De
TO be able to say she Is entirely cured. 1"
..-Sisfers of Charity.
The young girl was under the care of
the Sisters Of Charity and used Peruna
for catarrh of the throat with good re-
suits as the above letter t~estifies.
Send to The Peruna Medicine CO., Co
lumbus, Ohio, for a free book written by
DR.. Hartman.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
FIRST KIDNEY PILL MADE.
THE ORIGINAL
THE ONLY GENUINE.

VIM. II. NEIGHBoRs, the we'll
known jewcler of West Main
Street, Wytheville, Va, says /:
"Some four years ago an attack
of grip settled in my back, and
! have suffered off and on ever
since with o dull, heavy aching
across the small of my back,
always more severe in the
morning. 1t was difficult for
me to stoop or straighten, and
If / sat down for any length of
time it was hard for me to
arise. l took two boxes of
Doan's Kidney Pills, and the
dull, disagreeable aching left
me-"
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28

DIR. Hartman, one of the best known
physicians and surgeons i'll the United
States, was the first man to formulate
Peruna. 1t was through his genius and
perseverance that it was introduced to
the medical profession Of this country.
If you do not derive prompt and salts.
factory results from the use of Peruna,
write at once to DR.. Hartman, giving a
full statement Of you case and he will
be pleased to give you his valuable sad-
vice gratis.
Address DR.. Hartman, President OF
The Hartman Sanitarium. Columbus. O.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28

II. B. MCCARvER Of POI
Cherry Street, Portland, Ore
gon, inspector of freight cars
for the Transcontinental Com
pany, says: Il used Doan's
Kidney Pills for backache and
other symptoms of kidney
trouble which had annoyed me
for months. | think a cold
was responsible for the whole
trouble. 1t seemed to settle in
my kidneys. Doan's Kidney
Pills rooted it out. 1t is several
months since / used them, and
up to date there has been nc
recurrence of the trouble"
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
Deafness Cannot he Cured

by local applications, as they cannot reach the
diseased portion OF the ear. There is only one
way to cure deafness, and that is by ~conStltu.
llonal remedies. Deafness Is caused by an in
Eustachian Tube. When this tube is 1nhamed
you have a Tumbling sound or imperfect hear
ing. and when 1t Is entirely closed, Deafness Is
the result, and unless the Inflammation can be
taken out and this tube restored TO its normal
condition, hearing will be- destroyed forever;
nine cases out of ten are caused by Catarrh,
which Is nothing but an ln1amed condition OF
the mucous surfaces.
We will give One Hundred Dollars for any
case Of Deafness lcaused by catarrh) that can
not be cured by Halls Catarrh Cure. Send for
circulars, free.
F. j. CHENEY g. CO., Toledo, o.
Sold by Druggists, 75c.
Hairs Family Pills are the best,
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
Minister in Trouble,

M~arshalltown, Ia, Nov. 20.-Rev. A
J. Wheeler, who was arrested at Orilla,
Ont, on the charge of obtaining 1000
from Mrs. Strain of this county, vas
arraigned in court. He pleaded not
guilty and will probably be tried some
time during the mex term of court
Evidence has been secured to show
that Wheeler had been dismissed from
pastorates at Concord, N. H., and Au-
burn, Me-, on account Of improper con-
duct
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
An Awesome Indiana Story.

Indianapolis News: Somebody has
caught with a look and line in Pipe
creek (mark the name) near Elwood
"a creature about fifteen inches long,
with the flat head and tiny eyes of a
snake, the almost round body and tail
Of an eel and the legs Of a lizard. It's
color is dark brown, covered with black
spots and it has spongellke red gills."
Now, we have heard of similar animals
before, but never Of one being caught
with q hook and line. Generally they
are not there at all.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
An Indiscretion.

Twas wet as wet can always be;
The car was filling steadily.
Priscilla, standing, raised her dress,
To 'scape the floors ~uncleanliness,
Her lace-clad ankle and her shoe
Made manifest to common view.
The crowd pressed in; Priscilla chung
Against my arm as on we swung.
"Close up!" cried the conductor, curt.
She blushed and dropped the lifted skirt
MY clothes were up, but o Ill bred
or him to shout 1t out!" she said.
Town Tonnes.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
PATTI SUED FOR $1,000.
Joseph S. Kennedy Claims Commission
for Securing a $4,000 Loan.

for securing a Yfo,oVo GodH'
New York, Nov. Mime. Adelina
Patti Cedaerstrom," called out Clerk Nc
Nierney loudly yesterday in special term
of the supreme court. There was no
answer.
Jacob Rouss, counsel for Joseph S. Ken
nedy, Of the custom house firm Of Ken
nedy & Moon, who is suing Nine. Patti
and Mr.. Grau, her manager, for $1,000,
then asked Justice Fitzgerald, who pre-
sided, to have the default Of the prima
donna noted.
This was done and Mr.. Rouss said he
would apply for an order directing the
singer to show cause why she should not
be a%djudged in contempt Of court.
Kennedy claims the $1,000 is due him
chiefly for securing a oar of 5000 for
Nine. Patti and Grau.
Marcus Mayer, Grau's representative,
denies this, and says Kennedy has been
trying to collect a bill of 800 for 'insig-
nificant brokerage services"
Attorney Untermeyer Of the ship trust
investigation has been retained by Nine.
Patti.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
rskino Il Out Of the Family

st. Louis Post-Dispatch: Mrs. Fergu-
son-George, what particular failing Of
yours did the preacher touch on in his
sermon this morning?
Mr.. Ferguson-What do you ask me
that question for?
Mrs. Ferguson-Because you have
been as cross as a bear ever since you
came home from church..
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
Congressional Proesedinas.

Washington, Nov. 1S.-At today,
session of the senate, which lasted but
twenty minutes, Gallinger of New
Hampshire presented a petition from
$50 of all pensions granted on account
Of the Mexican war.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
For Municipal Ownership.

Mason City, Ia, Nov. 20.-Mason
City is moving in the matter Of owner
ship Of it's electric light plant. The city
is paying out annually about $4,000 for
lighting, and after carefully examining
the situation in cities OF Iowa and Min
nesota which own their own plants,
Mayor f. M. Norris has become a warm
advocate of adopting a similar method
In this city. The entire. council stand
with him upon his question.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
Dish Washing i'm Winter.

Housekeepers naturally dread dish
washing in winter, owing to the fact that
it chaps the hands and renders them hard
and rough. Much Of the injury, how
ever, results from the use of impure
soap. If Ivory Soap is used in washing
dishes and the hands are carefully rinsed
and dried, th% will not chap.
ELEANOR Il. PARKER.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
Drift Instead of Mudd-

New York World: At the residence Of
Samuel Rivers in Columbus, Ind, last
week Miss Rosa Agnes Mudd was married
to Cooley Dirt. 1t required a great eff
fort on the part Of the officiating clergy
man TO refrain from laughing when he
pronounced the names Of the high con-
tracing parties as he performed the cere-
mony.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
BROUGHT Trouble on Himself.

Butte Inter-Mountain: White-What
is the matter with Plunger's head?
Green-Yesterday was his wooden
wedding and he gave his wife a rolling
pin for q present and when he return
ed from celebrating the event she re-
turned the present with a speech suit
BILE to the occasion.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
A Panal Appointment.

Rome, Nov. 1S.-The pope today a,
pointed Cardinal Merry Del Val, papa
secretary Of state, to be project of the
sacred palaces. 1t Is a most Important
position, making Del Val head of the
administration OF the vatican and thus
centering In his hands the highest pow
,ers Of the papal government.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28

Gentlemen: Il
have used several
bottles of peruna
and feel greatly
benefited there
by from my ca
tarrh of the head.
and feel encour-
aged to believe
Ii Il it's co n
tinued use will
fully eradicate a
disease Of thirty
years standing"
hnu;J N~In,E:..,
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
WATCH N a

A lady's gold filled watch with Elgin,
Waltham or Hampden movement. Case
warranted for 20 years. Gold filled long
guard chain with solid gold slide complete
for SIS, in fine plush case for mailing or
express, prepaid, with my personal guar
antee. VIII III Beck, The Sioux City
Jeweler, Sioux City, Ia.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
The Miller Trial.

Cincinnati, o., Nov. 1S.-The govern.
ment today closed its evidence In the
trial of ID. V. Miller and j. M. Jones,
charged with conspiracy to extort a
bride from Johnson ". Ryan, turf COM
missioner. 1t Is expected the case will
go to the jury tomorrow.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28

Philadelphia Press: Nell-So the
engagement is broken off?
Believes. 1t seems she told him
one evening that she wasn't half beau
tiful enough to be his wife, and he
didn't deny her statement quick enough
TO suit her.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
Two of a Kind

Chicago News: "a man needn't be
afraid Of lightning go long as he can zee
1t approaching" said the would-be hui
morist.
Same way with a bullet" observed
the solemn party with a far-off look in
his off optic.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
New Bishon Conseorated

Newark, N. j., Nov. 1S.-Rev. Edwin s..
Lines, former pastor of st. Paul's Epis-
copal church, New Haven, was today
consecrated bishop of the Episcopal do
cese of Newark in succession to the late
Bishop Starkcy.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
The Critarinn-

Town Topics: Mrs. Won Blumer-That
Mrs. Dingey is awtully stingy.
Won Blumer-Why, / thought she blew
you off TO a fine lunch.
Mrs. Won Blumer-She dill. But when
insisted on paying the carfare she let me.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28

Philadelphia Inquirer: When Cor
man is president Booker Washington
will not be invited to lunch at the
White House. One reason will be that,
by that time, Mr.. Washington will be
dead.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
The Andienon Wnraa-

New York Times: "Ha-a-! / am mad,
madr' rauted Hamphat, the tragedian, in
the dungeon scene.
"Huh!" snorted a man in the gallery,
you amt near as mad as US felIers that
paid TO get In"
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
The Real Trouble,

'Tis not because they ask so much
Our children bore us so,
But that they always ask about
So much we do not know.
Detroit Free Press.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28

Have used Piso's Cure for Consump-
ton nearly two years, and find nothing
to compare with it.-Mrs. Morgan, Berke-
ley, Cal, Sept. 2, 1901.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
MILK IN THEIR DIET.
In Honor of Dairymen's Convention, in
Session This Week.

Waterloo, Ia, Nov. 20.-Milk appears
on the bill Of fare at all the hotels in
the city for the benefit Of the delegates
to the state dairymen's convention In
session this week, with several hun
bred delegates present. Several dairy
men of national reputation are pres
ent. The citizens have planned a very
enjoyable time for the visitors.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28

cIYo Permanently Cured. No FITS or nervousnessnrtcr
I'll D first days use OF Dr. Kline's Great Nerve Re-
storer. Send for FIR 81 90 trial bOttie and treatise.
DIR. II. Ii. KLINE, Ltd, $751; Arch St.. Philadelphia. Pa.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
Ida Grove Blaze.

Ida Grove, Ia, Nov. 18.-Fire caused,
by q defective fiue started a blaze in
the Ida Grove Steam laundry this
morning. The fire department put it
out before serious damage was done.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
CONGRATULATIONS 70 Gomez

Havana, Nov. ia stream of visitor,
called on General Gomez today and con-
graduated him on his Gath birthday.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28

No circle can be squared, because
3.1416, which is the ration of the cir
conference to the diameter, is not a
square.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28
ndisputabIe

Mrs. Wlnslow's SOOTHING sYRUP Tor Children
teethingi softens the gums, reduces al
layn pain, cures wind collie. IS CONT c bottle.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28

Miss Rose Hennessy, well
known as a poetess and elocu-
ZIONIST, of Lexington, KY, tells
how she was cured of uterine
inflammation and ovaritis by the
use of Lydia E. Pinkhaui's Vege-
table Compound.
"DEAR Mrs. PINKuAa:--For years I
enjoyed the best of health andthought
that Iwould alwaysdo SO. | attended
parties and receptions thinly clad, and
would be suddenly chilled, but 1 did
not think of the results. ! caught o
bad cold eighteen months ago while
menstruating, and this caused inflam-
nation of the womb and ~congested
ovarics. ] suffered excruciating pains
and kept getting worse. My attention
was called to your Vegetable Conn
pound and the wonderful cures it had
performed, and l made up my mind to
try it for two months and see what it
would do fo- me. Within one month L
felt much better, and at the close OF the
second l was entirely well.
"I have advised a number OF my
lady friends to use it, and all express
themselves as we'll satisfied with the
results as / was."- Miss ROSE NORA
HENNEssY, 40 S. Broadway, Lexing-
ton, Ky. $4,000 forfcitif crigiaciof abous ic:.
ter pToUing genVineHeSS cannot be produced.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28

Chicago News. First Millionaire
Did you make anything On hat airship
merger?
Second Billionaire-Oh, nothing TO
speak of. Only $50, 000, 900"
First Billionaire-Oh, well, every fif-
ty million counts, you know.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28

The following letter is from Congress-
man Meekison. of Napoleon, Ohio:
The peruna Medicine Co, Columbus, O.:
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1903-11-28

Old Sofas, Backs Of Chairs, etc, can
be dyed with PUTNAM FADELESS
DYES.