davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Mower County transcript., 1903-01-21

the manner In which they were man
aged showed clearly that the young
man was born to the game.
In short time he had a following.
BY courtesy it was called an army.
There were two or three Of these ar
mies then in the field. General Herman
dez was at the head Of one. At that
time Andrade was president of Vene-
Zuela. Hernandez and the other revo-
lutionists fought independently Of each
|other. Each was for himself. Finally
Hernandez was caught away from his
army. He was taken prisoner by An
drade. Then Andrade gave his atten-
tion to the others.
The dark young man quietly gath
Iered up the forces which the unfortu-
mate Hernandez had commanded. One
day he heard that Andrade, with big
army, was looking for him. He had
been declared an outlaw. A price had
been put on his head. This was some
thing of distinction for an obscure
young soldier to have achieved. but it
did not embarrass him in the least.
Detailing small part Of his force,
he sent it out to meet Andrade's big
army. 1t was sheer folly, of course,
but while Andrade was engaged in de-
molishing this little band the young
man had slipped around the corner
and by series of forced marches
reached Caracas, which was defended
only by handful of troops. The
young man coolly marched in. took
possession of the capital and pro-
claimed himself dictator. He has been
dictator ever since. His name is Cipri-
ano Castro.
Such was the rise to fame Of the
man who has involved Venezuela in a
imost variegated lot Of trouble with
European nations. From obscurity
and poverty he has risen with meteoric
rapidity to worldwide fame and to
the possession Of great wealth. For
more than three years he has ruled his
turbulent republic with autocratic
sway, almost constantly busy in crush
ing revolts and all the time more or
less at odds with powerful nations
across the sea. And today he is but
forty-seven years of age. 1-Sa ,<r,
Castro is not, as are so many South
and Central American chief executives,
of almost wholly unmixed Spanish
blood. In fact, there is very little, if
any, Spanish blood in his veins He is
said to be almost full blood Indian.
and it is alleged that he is proud Of
his origin In many wavs no is an
interesting and remarkable man, the
most remarkable in Venezuela.
He has much energy, boundless
ambition and an unbounded belief in
his country 8 future. His grand scheme
ts to merge Venezuela, Colombia and
Ecuador IN one big federation, with
himself 40 its dictator. Naturally he
Mower County transcript., 1903-01-21

neSS OF Mr. Adams and doubtless also
by the, fact that the other members Of
the cabinet sided with the secretary of
state, Mr.. Monroe finally yielded.
That portion of Mr.. Monroe's mes
sage which has come to be known as
."the doctrine" was as follows:
Eve owe 1t, therefore, to candor and
to the amicable relations existing be-
tween the United States and those
powers [any European power] to de-
clare that we should consider any at
tempt on their part to extend their
system to any portion of this hemi-
sphere as dangerous to our peace and
safety. With the existing colonies or
dependencies Of any European power
we have not interfered and shall not
interfere. But with the governments
who have declared their independence
and maintained it, and whose inde-
pendence we have on great considera-
ton and on just principles acknowl-
edged, we could not view any interpo-
sition for the purpose of depressing
them or controlling in any other man.
ner their destiny by any European
power in any other light than as the
manifestation of an unfriendly disposi-
ton toward the United States.''
Upon only two occasions before the
present one has the principle of the
Monroe doctrine. been dangerously
trenched upon The first trouble occur
red during Mr. Cleveland's second term
as president. 1t arose over a dispute as
to the boundary line between Venezue-
la and British Guiana. England's at
titude had become very aggressive, and
it was certain that unless interfered
with she would attempt to enforce her
alleged territorial rights. Then Presi-
dent Cleveland stepped in and announc-
ed that the United States Would ascer-
tain the location of the true boundary
line and would then ''resist by every
means in it's power, as a willful aggres-
sion upon it's rights and interests, the
appropriation by Great Britain Of any
lands or the exercise. Of governmental
jurisdiction over any territory which,
after investigation, we have determined
! Of right to belong to Venezuela"
AC SSCOllu CASE LII WHICH luS monroe
doctrine became prominent interna-
tional issue occurred in 1895, when
British squadron appeared in the har-
Dor Of Corinto, Nicaragua, for the pur-
pose Of collecting a claim for damages
of $77,500. England had notified the
! United States of her intentions, and
there had been 10 objection. President
| Zelaya protested that the British claim
was unwarranted and upon the receipt
of an ultimatum from the commander
of the British squadron curtly declined
to accede to his demands. a force Of
bluejackets was then landed, the Gus
tom house was seized, and a British,
governor Of the port was installed.
There was rioting in Corinto, the Brit
ish consulate at Managua was attacked
BY mob, and Zelaya declared the coun-s
try under martial law. Nicaragua final.s
" becoming convinced that the United
States would not intervene, the matter
IWas adjusted, and the British vessels
withdrew upon his promise to pay the
money claimed within fifteen days.
Mower County transcript., 1903-01-21
The Monroe Doctrine
and Venezuela

HOR theory-fos it is nothing
more than theory, no matter
how far the United States
might be prepared to go in en-
FORCING 1t-which has so affected the
political history of the world the Mon
roe doctrine is surprisingly misunder-
stood. Indeed, very few persons ap-
pear to know of the conditions which
brought it into being through it's enun-
citation by President Monroe in his
message to congress in 1923.
In the first place, no country in Euz
rope can have so little excuse for inter-
meddling with the affairs of South
America as Great Britain, for it was
the initiative of the government of
Great Britain that prompted the dec
laration that European powers must
keep to their own side Of the Atlantic
and allow Americans to rule America.
Mower County transcript., 1903-01-21
ESS than half a dozen years ago
there appeared on the troubled

| surface Oh lnlngS IN venezuela
! a thin, dark bearded young
man with bright, restless black eyes
and a high forehead He had come
from a little Venezuelan village some
where on the Colombian frontier, lit
tie village Nesting at the foot of the
snow capped Andes. He was poor, OBJ
scure and without influence.
But the young man with the restless
eyes and the high forehead was a
soldier of the Napoleonic order. He
began to mix in the various revolts
(which were being fomented against the
government. He found plenty Of this
work to do. He displayed remarka-
ble talent for getting men together and
making them win battles. OF course
these battles were only skirmishes, but
The Washington times., 1903-08-23
Political Gossip
Here and There
Senator Money for vardaman.

Senator Money. who is assured of re-
election to the Senate, having defeated
Governor Longino in the first Mississippi
primary. has announced himself In favor
of Marjor Vardaman for governor in the
second contest. made necessary by rea-
son of the fact that none of the candi-
dates for that office received a majority
of the votes cast in the first primary
or in the State electoral college.
During the campaign Senator Money
took no part in the fight over the gov
ernorship, as he then had troubles of
his own in the struggle with Governor
Longino for election to the Senate. With
that matter now settled In his favor, he
doubtless feels at liberty TO express his
preference for governor, and has accord
ingly written a letter strongly indorsing
the candidacy of Major Vardaman, the
radical aspirant for the governorship,
who made the negro question the leading
issue of his campaign.
The Washington times., 1903-08-23
Ordered Knife for Pie.

Prof. George Lincoln Burr, Of Cornell, who
is making a tour Of New England on his bi-
cycle IN order to gather facts about witchcraft,
is an authority on the history Of superstition
and persecution, and he is also an indefatigabie
wheelman. Prof. Burr, with his bicycle. has
penetrated many primitive and secluded parts
OF the United States.
From these journeys he returns with little
stories that are now quaint, now strange, now
humorous. A story Of the last named sort con-
Germs a visit 20 Tennessee.
81 arrived one night at mountaineer's
cabin said the professor, "and asked for
shelter for the night The good people were
hospitable. They gave me a comfortable bed
and an excellent meal
while l was eating the meal my host
watched me narrowly. 70 see that had every
thing that I wanted. He kept ordering his
wife TO I'll my glass, to bring me some more
bread, and so forth. Finally, when began to
eat piece Of apple pie, he exclaimed in an
indignant tone:
- Jane, why don't you bring the gentleman
a knife? Do you see him here, tryin' 10 eat
his pie with a fork ? New York Tribune.
The Washington times., 1903-08-23
Mississippi Senators Divided.

He speaks of Major yardaman as "a
man with brains TO see the vital ques
tion OF the hour and the manhood 10
declare his opinions; a man who will
discharge the functions of his office for
the glory and the industrial interest of
our Commonwealth and who cannot be
controlled by bad influences in the dis
charge of the duties of his Office; man
who unites in pre-eminent degree in
tellectual. moral and physical courage" "
The two Mississippi Senators are
thus divided over the question as 10
whom the next governor of the State
shall be, Senator McLaurin having re-
Gently announced himself a supporter
of Judge Critz, who was second in the
first race. The second primary. which
is to be held on August q, promises to
be fully as exciting as the first, and the
friends of both candidates are confident
that their respective favorites will win
At this distance 1t looks as though
Major Vardaman would come out of the
fight the victor.
The Washington times., 1903-08-23
"Lou" Payn's Obstructed Vision.

The Hon. Lou Payn. the most promi-
nent anti Roosevelt Republican OF the
Empire State, has returned 10 New York
from trip through the West. and re-
ports that he saw very little genuine
Roosevelt sentiment"
In view of this statement, the impres
sion prevails that the Hon Lou" must
either have been wearing smoked glasses
or had his eyes bandaged- He speaks Of
having visited counting rooms. and
there found no one who was enthusiastic
for the nomination of the President.
But the statement of Mr.. Payn must
be taken with a very liberal discount
for the reason that he is extremely
biased Everybody in New York State
knows OF the disagreement between Mr..
Roosevelt, when he was governor of the
State. and Mr. Payn, which cost the
latter a fiat" job, and doubtless in
creased the admiration OF the public for
the governor.
The Washington times., 1903-08-23
Prerogative That Has Lapsed.

Among the odd prerogatives of the
English crown that have been allowed to
lapse in recent years is that known BY
law by the name of "deodand." Ac-
cording 10 the terms thereof every "in-
strument" which by accident became the
Immediate cause of the loss of human
life was declared forfeited to the crown
on the understanding that the proceeds
derived from its sale should be devoted
to pious purposes. II was the coroner $
jury assembled TO investigate the causes
of the fatal accident which was required
to pronounce the instrument" respon-
sible for the loss of life forfeit to the
sovereign.
In the early days of railroads the cor
oner's jury finding that the confiscation
of locomotives guilty of causing death
would interfere with traffic, contented
themselves with infiicting fines upon the
engines, and, for instance. il is on record
that a locomotive on the Liverpool and
Manchester line, which by exploding
caused the death of its engineer and
fireman In the early days OF the reign of
Queen Victoria, was fined by the coro-
ner's Jury sum of no less than $40 900.
Now that the railroad companies are
obliged TO pay such heavy damages to
the victims of accidents on their lines.
the old sovereign prerogative of "deo-
dand" concerning which a reader has
written to ask me question:, has beeh
allowed TO lapse.
The Washington times., 1903-08-23
Predicts Roosevelt's Defeat.

Ever since that time Mr. Payn has
lost no opportunity to speak disparag-
ingly of the President and 10 predict
that he will be defeated-that even a
yellow dog on the Democratic ticket
could carry New York against Roose-
Welt
Notwithstanding, Mr.. Payn is forced
to admit that he heard no other man
mentioned in connection with the Re
publican nomination But" says the
Hon. Lou that doesn't signify any
thing"
Certainly not; surely not. when taken
into consideration with the opinions OF
Mr.. Payn and his remarkable discov-
cry that there is no Roosevelt senti-
ment in the West. The only conclusion
to be drawn is that the considerable
Westerners, knowing Mr.. Payn's en-
nifty toward the President, refrained
while he was in their presence from
any mention of the President, and that
Payn took that as an indication that
the Roosevelt sentiment does not exist.
Poor ''Lou''-it Is really too bad he
lost that job. 1t has affected his visioz.
The Washington times., 1903-08-23

the demands of decency and comfort.
II is very interesting news. There Is
so much opportunity in paper.
The minds eyes can see the man of
the future entering a shop and ask
ing for d new suit of paper clothes.
In triee his measure will be taken.
The wheels will turn; the mucilage,
paste, pins, string, or whatever Is to
hold the various parts of his garments
together, will be cunningly applied,
end presently he will sally forth ar
r6yed in chaste white or black, or ise
gay colOrs resembling those of the
Sunday comics"
In the happy days to come a man
need never wear the same raiment
twice, for the paper clothing must, of
course, be inexpensive. In the sum-
mer time he will find need of fabrics
SO like gossamer that a dozen suits
will scarcely fill one side of his port
folio, and a bathing suit will weigh
the fractional portion of an ounce.
H. winter clothing light but imper-
vious to the weather will be supplied.
Many Of us know by experience how
much warmth there is in an old news
paper worn between the upper and
the neither coat. In fact, it seems as
If the German inventor had struck the
long-felt want. If he has, the phrase
''made in Germany" must no more be
used as term of opprobrium and re-
pToach.
The Washington times., 1903-08-23
Napoleon III and the Pig.

History has not decided whether Napoleon III
Was srres5ed in New Jersey for pig stealing.
merely killing a pig. shooting somebody's
favorite pointer dog. Il is high time this i'm
portant question was settled. A veteran meEl-
Der of the bar told me yesterday: There is
upon the records Of the Hudson county courts
brief official account Of the arrest Of one lie
Prince Louis Bonaparte' 70. killing pointer
deg belonging to a Jerseyman. The prisoner
was locked UP in the Bergen Jail, and might
have remained there fer some time had il not
been for the kindness Of a lawyer who paid costs
and expenses and got him out. The sum was
80 So far as l know. il never was refunded
The lawyer is dead. -
Here Is ancient history, but interesting Ma
poleon III was in the United States in 1887,
political exile and nearly pennilesS- He had
been Emperor for Two hours. tnen was kicked
out Of France. He visited friend in New
jersey and one morning. seeing pig in the
garden eating some Dutch tulips belonging 70
his hos1. sailed out and shot the offender dead
The wrath Of Jersey Blue was excited. and
the prince was arrested on charge u ''feloni-
ously' shooting the pig As he refused any
atonement. he had 10 go 10 jail. II arterward
appeared, according TO an eyewitness, that the
pig was pointer dog that had lain down
on the tulip beds.-New York Press
The Washington times., 1903-08-23
LAKE SURFACE RISES
EVERY SEVEN YEARS
Peculiar Phenomenon Known in Indiana
Many Years.

With neither outlet nor inlet that Is
at any time visible, Lake Cicott. a small
body OF water in Cass county. has now
reached height which it attains every
seven years. and hundreds OF acres Of
fine corn land are now covered by several
feet OF water The rural mail route.
which runs along the lakes banks. has
been abandoned by the carrier, for the
water covers 1t to depth of three feet
and stretches beyond for several hun
dred yards
Lake Cicott has been an interesting
phenomenon 10 the people of Northern
Indiana for many ears, but the secret
of its rise and fall has never been dis
covered. 1t is the only lake in Cass
county, and is about one mile wide and
about one mile long. The water is clear
and cold and perfectly fresh. It's most
mysterious characteristic is the fact
that it oyerfows its banks every sew
enth year. The farmers who own the
land upon its banks have become 50
used to this that they never attempt TO
cultivate the land in the seventh year,
but give it up without a protest. as they
know it is sure to be claimed by ths
waters
The Pottawattomie Indians, who in
habited what is now Cass and adjoining
counties, were familiar with the char
acteristic of the lake. They believed
that it's bottom was inhabited by a pow
erfuI spirit, which at intervals of seven
years caused the lake TO overflow They
construed this action as approval Of the
tribe by the spirit, and watched anx-
iously for the time TO come. for they saw
| in the rising waters a sure indication
that they had done nothing 10 displeass
it
The early white settlers became ac-
quainted with the legend. and the oldest
inhabitant is not able 10 recall time
that the overflow did not take place
when expected.
The water has new reached it's highest
point, and will soon begin to recede and
continue TO do so till the old confines
are reached. Residents of the locality
say that the weather conditions have no
effect upon the lake. for its rise in the
seventh year takes place regardless Of
the fact. OF rain or drought. Amos Jor-
dan. a veteran of the civil war. who lives
on bluf1 overlooking the lake. says the
only apparent difference between wet
and dry seasons when the rise occurs is
that the water appears 10 be colder in
time OF drought. What is true OF the
rise OF the waters is also true of their
recession, for they gradually disappear.
regardless of the amount OF rainfall in
! the county.
The phenomenon is explained on the
| theory that there is a subterranean out
| let, which becomes closed in some way
and is opened by the pressure OF the
water when the highest point is reached
every seventh year. but this is mere
guessWork and nothing has ever been
discovered 10 justify such theory. The
Pennsylvania Railroad Company, which
owns a number OF icehouses on the edge
of the lake, made soundings at different
places before the rise began and found
| the greatest depth to be ninety feet
| Indianapolis News.
The Washington times., 1903-08-23

presence. There the young nobleman
found his wife, and the Holy Father
did not allow them to leave his audience
chamber until they had become com
pletely reconciled to one another.
The elder brother of Don Fabrizio, who
bears the title of Prince Arsoli. is mar
ried TO a girl who has American blood
in her veins, being daughter of Princess
Won Brancaccio. herself the daughter OF
Hickson Field. of New York Princess
Arsoli spent the whole of the winter of
i90l-19O2 in this country, chiefly in New
York and Washington. for the purpose of
visiting the kinsfolk OF her American
mother.
The Washington times., 1903-08-23
The Negro North and South.

jefferson Sanders, a negro. on May shot
three policemen in a barroom row in this city
Two OF the wounded men died Sanders was
promptly arrested and confined in hospital and
in the rombs until Monday of this week, when
his case brought before the grand jury.
That body spent two hours investigating the
case and hearing witnesses, and then disInlssed
the complaint against Sanders IL was shown
that he had been badly beaten by the PoiiSe-
men, and that he had drawn his revolver IA
self-defense only after one Of the pol'eeneA'
Sergeant Gilhoolcy, had drawn his. We cite
this case in order that OJfr foreign critics may
know that a negro can still obtain Justice N
certain portions Of the United States had the
shooting occurred almost anywhere IN the South'
OF in Wilmington or some cities OF inotAhd'
Sanders world probably have been hunted Gown
bv a pose and Shot at once because Of his color.
New York sun.
The Washington times., 1903-08-23
Parliament to Act.

AS many of his friends and associates
who are not members of the aristocraey
insist that he is perfectly sane, ard
fully competent to manage his owa sf-
fairs, the treatment to which he has
been subjected is about to be brought
before the Hungarian parliament. in
which he occupied a seat as one OF the
memb ers OF the house of lords. But il
is doubtful If this intervention In his
behalf will prove of any avail. ard Il
is probable that he will be kept il
close confinement until he makes UP hia
mind to renounce his belief in the doc
trines OF Prince Peter Krapotkiu and OF
Count Tolstoy
1t is strange that no one as yet seems
to have been struck by the analogy of
the ideas OF Count Tolstoy with those
OF the famous Nihilist leader. Prince
Peter Krapotkin. In fact. Count Tolstoy
is as much of a revolutionist in his way
as Krapotkin, and has certainly by
means OF his remarkable writings done
far more TO promote discomfort with the
present condition Of affairs in Russia
than Krapotkin. This being the case,
his treatment by the Gar and by his
government can cply be considered as
liberal in the extreme. and it is but
right and proper that attention should
be called TO the matter.
The Washington times., 1903-08-23
The PapeT-Clad Nan.
German Inventor Offers a Novel Re-
form in Dress.

Philosophy must needs pause in
gentle contemplation of this latest
news from Germany. The Paper
Clad Man is on the way, and he who
is Of an earnest and receptive nature
and well-grounded in philosophy will
await the issue with a serene mind, be-
lieving that all things are for good,
and that humanity is, as Mr.. Carnegie
has observed, tending toward higher
ground.
1t seems that some German genius
has discovered a way Of making pa
per clothes. No more shall man be
slave to the cocoon of the silkworm,
or the wool which grows upon the
sleeps back. in pulp he shall have
found a friend in need, and one to be
depended upon in fine weather OF
foul. No more shall he be clothed III
purple or fine linen, but in the prod
net Of the paper mills shall he meet