davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-11-10
,,oTrs ON THE SUNDAY SCHOOL
LESSON FOR November IS.
Dsvid's Trust in God.
psalm 23.)

Golden l6AG' AAO NOAO 40 WJ
.benberd; I shall not want. psalm
28:1.)
The beautiful Shepherd Psalm, as
.bo twenty-third Psalm is appro-
nrioteIv called, has been accredited
- David as it's author from earliest
times. 1t reflects his experience as
q shepherd, and embodies a picture
If his religious character, which is
.upremeIy helpful and attractive.
Though this Psalm mirrors David's
sbepherd life, we cannot say that it
was composed during his shepherd
DAYS, for it expresses what must have
been his feelings at many different
periods in life.
Probably the best method which we
can follow in dealing with this
Psalm is to study it by verse,
trying to gather from each successive
verse the spiritual lesson that lies
embodied therein.
THE DIVINE SHEPHERD
The first clause of the Psalm is
our Golden Text, and it is the key
note of the whole Psalm. David re-
ioices in the thought of the Lord as
his shepherd, and we must remember
that the meaning of the term shep-
herd conveyed much more to his mind
than it does to any of US, who have
never seen the wonderful fidelity
shown by an Eastern shepherd to his
Hock-a fidelity which is only paral-
leled in our own land in the case of
the Western sheepherders, who some
time perish with their focks in the
vain endeavOr to protect them from
the fury of the fierce billiards. which
sweep down upon the open prairies.
HEAVENLY LEADERSHIP.
Very beautiful is the picture pre-
Sented to US in the second verse of
the Psalm. Our divine shepherd leads
US into green pastures and beside
still waters; he guides us with un-
failing certainty into the situation
wherein u souls shall be blest and
all needs supplied.
THE PATHS OF RIGHTEOUSNESS
David recognized that the ways of
ooa are righteousness. Sadly did he
tal at times. in his own life, to fol-
70" IN the paths where the divine
shepherd would fain have led him.
Let none knew better than he that
me path appointed for the Lords
'usep IS the path of righteousness.
THROUGH THE VALLEY OF THE
SHADOW OF DEATH.
though David lived before the
~'''ed assurance of immortal life
N brought to man through Jesus
uI''' his trust in Jehovah, even
Ie presence of death, is sublime,
IN the words of the fourth verse
Tie Psalm, he has uttered words
precious comfort for all them that
Mourn.
ALH FOOD FOR DAILY NEEDS
"1n Jehovah as host, man is as
VI pIenteOus provision for his
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-11-10
THE PROMISE OF THn FUTURE.

The Psalm concludes with an ex-
preston of complete confidence for
all the future. Goodness and mercy
are to follow through all the days to
come, and an eternal dwelling-place
is to be found in the house of the
Lord.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-11-10
Ss5HHF7ls RAW FURS wanted

For London January Sales. Qpossum, Muskrat, Mink,
Write A.E. BuFkhardt, Maia q End, OIncirnS6, D.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-11-10
JESUS OUR

The application of our lesson
should point us to Jesus the good
shepherd, who has given his life for
the sheep. He calls himself the good
shepherd, they that love him are his
sheep, and one of the most striking
passages in the book of Revelation
tells us that "the Lamb which is in
the midst of the throne shall be their
shepherd, and shall guide them unto
fountains of waters of life" (See
Rev. Z: 81; r. VI
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-11-10
pit GAMES.
War Horses and Black Devils.

The gamest Of all Pit Games. No faster or
mOra v1cinus fighters live. G8meness and
cutting qualities unexcelled. Choice lot OF
yO-ag stock for sale. Eggs in season.
FLOYD H UZZ@LL,
G~oldsboro, N. @.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-11-10

Only seven pigs are o~ered for November.
But they carry the blood OF Loyal Berks and
Dorset Lad. Price $500.
II. n. WILLIAMS,
Chapel Hill, N. c.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15
$1UO Reward. $1U0.

The readers of this paper will be
pleased to learn that there is at least
one dreaded disease that science has
been able to cure in all its stages and
that is Catarrh. Halls Catarrh Cure
is the only positive cure now known
to the medical fraternity. Catarrh
being constitutional disease, re-
quires constitutional treatment
Halls Catarrh Cure is taken Internal
Iy acting directly upon the blood and
mucus surfaces of the system, there
by destroying the foundation of the
disease and giving the patient strength
by building up the constitution and
assisting nature in doing its work.
The propretors have so much faith in
it's curative powers that they o1er
one Hundred Dollars for any case that
t fails to cure. Send for list of tes.
timonials. Address,
:. ]. CHENEY & CO., Toledo, O.
Sold by Druggist, 75c.
Halls Family Pills are the best.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15
PAINTING OF GREAT VALE :.
Old Canvas, the Work 1T Gainsoor'
o,,oh. Brinus Small Fortune.


ough, Brings Small Fortune.
The other day in London there was
out up for ale in an art room por-
traint of lady in white muslin
dress with yellow trimming, by Ga1ns-
borough. on canvas so by 70 lncnes'
an awful looking wreck, covered with
dirty varnish and having two large
holes in the canvas-aS unprepossess-
ing an object as ever came out or
1ag-and-bone shop. This picture, the
property of an old lady at Worthlng,
had been hawked about for some
time, the owner being anxious to
realize $25 on 1t, but Go one apparent
ly wanted it, and it was taken TO the
art room, where its merits were dis
covered When put up for SAFE II
started at $1,000, which in a couple
of seconds had reached $25, 900 and IN
less than minute it was knocked
down to a purchaser for $40 1000.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15

1:10 p M; arrive St. Louis 7:l2
a. III.
North. No 4. Arrive Pine Bluff at
1:55 a. m; arrive at ST. Louis Csc
p. III.
North. No 80. Leave Pine Bluff at
4 80 p. an; arrive at Little Rock Z
p, IN.
South, No. /, Leave St. Louis at
9:45 p M leave Pine Bluff at 3: .
p. IN.
South. No. 8, Leave st. Louis at
s: Sc a. M; leave Pine Bluff 2:05 a. M
South, Nc, 81, leave Little Rock
at sos a. M; arrive at Pine Bluff
l0:35 al m.
J. NJ. DICKEY. Agent.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15
A FACT PROVEN.
Should Convince Even the Most Skep-
tical of It's TRUTH


II there is the slightest doubt in the
minds of any that Dandruff germs do not
exist, their belief is compelled by the
fact that a rabbit innoculated with the
germs became bald in six weeks time
1t must be apparent to any person
therefore that the only prevention of
badness is the destruction of the germ
which act is successfully accomplished
in one hundred per cent. of cases by
the application of Newbros Herpicide
Dandruff is caused by the same germ
which causes badness and can be pre-
vented with the same remedy-Newbro's s
Herpicide.
Accept no substitute. "Destroy the
cause you remove the effect
Sold by leading druggists Send 1oc in
stamps for sample to The Herpicide Co..
Detroit Mich.
For sale by l.. B. Coon.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15
este,i Their Friendship.

Constable, the eminent British paint,
er, once sat On the hanging committee
of the Royal Academy when d small
landscape was brought up for Judg-
ment aud pronounced "devilish bad"
by everybody but himself. He rose
and made short and startling speech.
THAT picture was painted by me. /
mad notion that some OF you didnt
like my work, and this is pretty
convincing prcof. I am very much
o! liged to you" When his colleagues
recovered from their stupefaction the
head ear,enter was bidden to bring
back the b:ctsxe But Constable would
not have It.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15
5raphic's Daily Story

"'Whats yer name! ne asked me.
""fhomas Winter
"'The gal?
"'My sister MOllic Winter
"IIe turned away. and heard him
say to the others. He aint aboard.
Then to the driver. We're IOolin' fIu
one of The gang hat robbed the :
bank Haven't seen no skulkrrs Oh thf
route, have yc?' The driver told him he
hadn't ana drov" on.
what luck fur you. | said to the
sal mighty pleased that they hadu't
troubled her, I reckon they're in tit
Pay % yer stepiatlier and made :; pHf
tense "f lool,in tuf the bank robber.
Hgchon the! WAS, she said, a-trcm
5lH.
And If they bad searched yer I'a@
cage and found Yer forum they hiadt
Il thought yc was in cahoots VII
the robbers and afhclpin 'cm AVA
with the p,.;;:..s,nr.
III would a been dreadful embar
rAssin', She Said. shudd"rin
Il tux her i'll ny AIMS and Soothed
her Size inSt laid her head Oh IL,
shoulder 9tgt 5obbed When Wr2d W"at
about tive mile all of Il sHedent She III
and $5iid she WaS a=Gon to git Ott. /
tolr her | d0u51ht she We; asein' To find
Tic lawyer at Frisco, but she said sllr
Was afcHred they'd be after her az in.
shed better hide fur awhile aiore -oln
on. | wanted to stick 10 her. but Sht
said she WAS under obligation enough
to me and Woutdu,l hear of ii.
Il well remember that partin'. 1t
WAS cvcnn'. and Il new moon was
helpin out the twilight We stopped
the stage. and both got out. There WA
no one near hut Che driver on the box;
nothin' but he forest on all sides.
TUX her hand, AID said:
"'I swar I'm not goin' to desert the
gal love in This cowardly fashion. I'm
n-goin to stick to yer through thick and
thin, and the mex parry as stops yer II
have to face my shootin iron
"A suddent change came over her
lima ments.
"Ne bloomin' galoot,' she said. pull
IN revolver from her petticoats, yer
EOin' on with that coach, and I'm goin
in different direction with the bank
plumber. I'm no gall I'm Il man. and if
ye don't get into that stage mighty
quick I'll bore a hole inter ye, sartn!
II was taken SO dead ahack that
stood gapin' at the gal thinkin' she
was was aplayin' some game on me.
| couldn't at once git on to 1t that them
beautiful rosy checks. them flashin'
eyes. that flax hair, belonged to a man.
l stood with my head throwed back.
my mouth and eyes open in aStonish
mrnt.
Git into the coach she said again
'Dyc think I'm goin' to let ye wait here
TO pint the WAY go?'
''rhis tim she enforced her words
with Il bullet that sang close to my
ri%ht ear and WAS prop@rin' to fire
again | stnpned into the coach. and
the fcllcr teld the driver to move on.
The last thing heard WAS:
'Goodhy. sweetheart
ENEl.YN X PORTER
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15

electric bell push buttons and making
them rims.
Harry colGfed and fled | was so
tice this morning My next boarding
place positively must have pa. or! !"
'Of course it must said the other
girl" I'm sure Harry would say the
same if you asked him. Chicago
News
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15
The Hungry Lion.

A little boy was being shown pic
ture depicting a Roman arena, in
which there were number of Chris.
tian martyrs. A pack of lions were in
the act of springing upon their vic
tins. 1T isn't fair" said the little
sellow, excitedly. mo, my son, -
agreed his mother cit isn't fair; all
these big, hungry lions" But" in
terrrpted the young hopeful, there's
one poor lion th&, hasn't got any
<hrist' AZ.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15
1A-Sfo6ec0uc6
Romance
iOriginal.I |

We We're speaking of Old StagccoacS
days. when people really Travelled
Nowadays" said a lue,ubcr Of the par
sy, people don't travel They step i'll
10 an Elegantly furnished :t'artmcnG
sa.~Fi bed and the next 'nornine wake
- Tho sheir destination Formerly when
.hpped INFO Stasccoarh. heard
Ner'S whip crack and MAS joitcd
4 lumpy road day aud night for u
that WAS travelling. Besides. tho
intances. attachments, weddings
resulted from being so CLOSELY
WI together ten you. ilrre WI
nee in sta2ccoach travcInlg.'
tould you like 10 hear one OF thcH
anees3 asked IL siaNheard i'll Tire
er, removing Il col, pipe from his
It'll
le advocate of the sta2rcoach look I'd
cwlai taken ;sb"ek, tie others all
I'd for the story
[ was afore the Union Pacific was
1t, and | was goin' to Frisco la
se. got into he old wood and irM
leather trap thinkin | WAS th"
y passenger, and tux the back seat :
t, loolln' up suddenly, saw one of
at p pcrtiest gals, sittin' on the f"re
1T, a-faein nae, yc ever see. She had
fleaR of naxen hair mnde into II rope
Faid long enough to hang jayhnwk
at l with, her cheeks We're IL rosy red
.r.. her eyes were like the twin lakes
of Georgetown, Colo.
IL TO, l,e
Christia, Il gay bird of twenty five. WAS
"God,s to ride with Il hull middle seat
II me and Il blo9min gal OF nine
1t wasn't more'n half IN hoHl
had her on the back seat. with
FIRST rm around her waist to help he,
,-.,vcr the bumps. She fought mighty
sshy. lookin' sideways out'n the off win
der, and KEEP tclln' me that | oughtn't
to make love so suddcnt and all that
AL the same, she 'peared to like it, and
I'M KEEP it up. l noticed that she looked
fNvorred. and when l tole her how
loved her and would give my life for
A her she 'peared to doubt me- Then
Nrhen | sworc I'd kill any one who
Sdared lay finger on her she got conf
kdential and told her story. She said she
was -flcsin' frum brutal stepfather
2vho was pursun her on a trumped up
harge to git her Inter his hands. In
pat bag, she said I've got some of the
prtun' my poor father left me. and If
& aD git to Frisco I'll find his old lawyer
4 md be safe
@x II Jest pulled my weepon around and !,
DID her had six bullets fur that step
rather
~ W hen we was a=pulln up to the |
Nust relay to change hosscs we saw a |
ooopzen mounted men waitin' The gal
rielmrned pale. Say I'm yer sister she
lfotssped. One of the men rode to the |
Welge door poked Il cooked revolver in
: IN The wlnder and looked us over.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15
A good quality Of soap is neces

A good quality Of soap is neces-
sary to beautify the complexion and
none other should be used. 1t should
not only be used for bathing, but also
for shaving. Among other things. the
Primrose BARRIERS select the best make
OF soap that can be procured. Give
them a trial and they will be sure to
satisfy ye1.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15
RYAN'S CATArRHLlNE

Is Gods ~-irr to mau. :. IS a positive
cure for catarrh Of the head and nose
nay fever, asthma, headache, and will
cure a cold in one nights time. For
ale at al. drug stores.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15

Don't take too much stock in what
a politician says. fer how can a man
tell the truth without some practice.
1t is a smart man who when he gets
in a quarrel and is tcld to name his
weapons has presence of mind enough
to select typeWriters.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15
Fall Carnival.

Little Rock, Ark. Nov. 9th-l4th,
1903.-For the above occasion the
following round trip rates and ar
Rock Rate: one fare plus fifty cents
for the round trip. Dates cf sale: No
vember Sth 9Th, 10th, 18th, 18th
and I4th. Return limit; November
77th 1903.
s. M. DICKEY. Agent
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15

Annual Arkansas state convention
md b. Y. p. u. Helena. Ark, Novem-
ger 16 to % For this occasion the
Iron Mountain will sell tickets to
Helena and return at one frstc lass
fare for the round trip. Dates of sale.
November 16 to IS; final return limit
of November "a.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15
YOU KNOW WHAT YOU ARE TAX
ING

" '.eE you take Groves TasteIess Chill
Tonic, because the formula is plainly
printed on every bottle, showing that
it - simply iron and quinine in taste
less form. No cure no pay. soc.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15
CASE AFTER CASE.
Plenty More Like This In Pine Bluff

Scores of Pine Blue people can tell
vou about Doans Kidney Pills. Many
a happy citizen makes a public state
mont OF his experience Here is
case of it. What better pr 0f of mel-
ii can he had than such endorsement?
Mrs. H. Wycott. wife of H. Wycott,
milIwright, of S12 Ohio street, says:
Il am only too pleased to endorse
Doans Kidney Pills. for | know from
personal experience that they are all
thati claimed for them. Before
went to the Mann-Tanllersley Drug
company. POI West Second avenue, for
a box. there was a constant soreness
across my back and when STOPPING or
5%elting myself the pain became very
sharp II I took cold it always set
tled in my kidneys. and although |
.,cctored and tried different remedies,
meme brought permanent relief could
notice the direct effect on my kidneys
in a short time. The treatment did
more good than all other remedies l
ever took | only hope the benefit re-
ceived may be lasting
For sale by all dealers. Price soc.
Foster-Milburn company, Buffalo, N.
V, sole agents for the United States.
Remember the name-Doan'S-and
take ne substitute.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15

II it is true that man can love
but once, he can make a fairly de-
cent bluff at it dozen times OF
mor,.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15

SPECIAL One Way Rates to the West
-Dates of sale, September Is to No
yember 70. 1908. helena and Butte,
Mont. SSl5o; Ogden and Salt Lake,
Titan, $50: Spokane, Wash. $54; Port
land. Tacoma and Seattle, SS6.50. Cor
respondingly low rates to all other
points in this territory.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15
" Cslc6r
IlI:E k5i7 Qlyl7)'H(;ll1ASEsy| 7)'H(;ll1SEs|Iz $ IS
Ii|IlA ye|l? |l?Ij,: ] yI,jk,!::E!IITIzZSGl2 ~ I
80 S. a - - sxsltS a Ssss "a

.bro,,a, Special OneWay Second Glass Colo
Stll II iss Rates to California.--The follow
want yovsates and arrangements are an'h
and Get ed for the sale OF oneway second
4"'' 'Hef ees colonsts tickets to San Fran
ya,, SO, Sacramento Los Angeles ana
on hon. ~ Diego, California Ogden and salt
a kiss orie City. Utah. Granger, Wyoming
Were a Ito to Prescott aud Phoenix, Amz'
40 one els. all intermediate points ON direct
warn ,an'eo DIS taking higher rates. The same
nov. ',o es viii apply to such branch line
ish snnsf4nts as ordinarily take the Gallfor
ways rr9dS common rate Rato-Fhe rate
mothers Ii be $50 Dates OF sale-D&N
tailaS NAeltember Is to November 80, l9Vd
nose ,ins,, first lusiye.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15

Hens have way of laying up treas
ures in a hayloft.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15
POEMS THAT WILL LIVE

The moon is round
The sky is blue;
The grass is green
And so are you.
Detroit Tribun
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15
jRO. ", SONTAlN aeAUERS.

Home Seekers Excursions to Indian
and Oklahoma Territories. Mexico and
Texas-AII points rate Of ooe fare plus
s. for round trip. Dates OF sale, trst
aud second Tuesda $ IN October and
November. Twenly=one days return
limit.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15

e. Special onc-way, seeend=c}ass= colon
sasts rates TO the Northwest Rates
Ssy SSsy ana arrangements outlined below viii
sSs asSsss6aeovern in the sale of onc-way, second
class colonist tickets to destinations
Shown and to intermediate points eft
\ 2 kacted. Rates, Pine Blum to Billings,
Mont $685. Hinsdale, Livingston
sSs kogar. Cinnabar. Helena. Butte, Mis-
nla. Anaconda, Mont. S32.2Q; spo-
he, Wash. S34.7o; Portland Ash.
lnd, Astoria, Ore. Tacoma, WASH
n ictoria. Vancouver. b. G., 1920.
II koute only via St. Paul and the Great
9a Northern railway. using rate so quot,
ed. Dates of sale Daily. September
8ss5 to November SO, 1903. inclusive.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15

Grand Royal Arch Masons Annual
Convention. Little Rock. November
1G-1q-Ono and oue.third fare for the
round trip ON the certificate plan.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1903-11-15
NEW TIME TABLE.

North, No 2, Arrive Pine Blutf at
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1903-05-01
BATTLEFIELD GUIDE
GIVES AN ABLE ILLUSTRATED
LECTURE ON THE FAMOUS
GETTYSBURG BATTLEFIELD
AT THE OPERA HOUSE.
Closing Event of the State Eneampment
of the C. A. R. and Affiliated Or
Carnations, Given Under Au-
spices Of Custer Post No. 8.

Prof. J. Warren Gilbert, the Gettys.
burg battlefield guide, held the closest
attention of large audience at the
Traders Grand opera house last night
when he delivered his lecture upon .The
Gettysburg Battlefield" !" under the au.
spices Of Custer Post No. s, Grand Army
Of the Republic. The lecture was given
BY the local Post as closing event of
the annuel state encampment of the
Grand Army of the Republic and It's
auxiliary and affiliated organizations.
The lecture was an excellent one.
Prof. Gilbert is one of the official guides
of the Gettysburg battlefield and his
representations of that famous battle OF
the civil war showed him TO be thor.
oughly familiar with the field, and the
historical events connected with every
part OF it.
His lecture was an illustrated one. It
was illustrated throughout by large
,trcopticon pictures which were thrown
upon large canvass on the stage. The
pictures showed photographs taken on
the battlefield during the war, and some
taken at the present day. All of the
important historical events were illus
trated. Maps of the field of battle, pic
turcs Of the generals and officers, pho
tographs of the beautiful monuments
erected to the memory Of the members
Of the various state regiments, who were
in the thick of that hard strubble on the
tirst four days of July in 1861. were por-
trayed by means of the stereopticon.
The photograph of the regimental
monument erected to the memory of the
bravcm en- who comprised the First Min
nesota infantry, the brave men whose
historical charge at the battle of Gettys-
burg will ever be remembered in the
enumeration of the terrible events of
that battle, the men who were in the
thickest Of that deadly hail of bullets
and cannon balls. They numbered 2Gi
comrades when the charge was made and
when the smoke of battle had cleared
away, but 50 men remained aliye-a
loss Of 9ll men out of the total of 26l.
The lctcure was an entertaining and
educating one. 1t was noble portrayal
of that famous battle. and was no doubt
heartily enjoyed by the old soldiers who
were in attendance.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1903-05-01
SHORT-CHANGE
TRICK
Man Tried to Work the Old Racket on
clarksburg Business Firms and Had
to pay Heavy Fine in Police
Court.

a man BY the name of Charles Car
ter was arrested by Chief Howe yes
terday evening on a warrant which
charged him with taking and carrying
away personal property not his own,
without the consent of the owner there
of. He had been working the short
change racket at several places in the
city. He went into Wells and Haymak-
er's drug store and tried to short-change
one of the druggists by offering twen-
ty-dollar bill in payment for small
purchase and asking them to rechangc
the money. lie tried to work the trick
on one Of the Glen Elk salOonists, Car
ter was arraigned before Mayor Grille
in police court and was made to pay
fine OF SIS and costs before he could
be released.
The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1903-05-01
BURGLARS
Break Open Safe in RavenswOOd Post
office and Secure $500 in Money
and Large Amuont of Stamps.

A message was received at the Q. S.
marshal's office at Parkersburg from
Postmaster ]. NJ. Adams, of Ravenswood,
telling that the office there had been
early yesterday morning and
over $500 in money was taken, besides a
large amount of stamps. The exact
amount cannot be aseertained, but a
thorough Investigation viii be made by
the postal authorities. A clue to the
burglars was found and viii be followed
The burglars were evidently expe-
in that kind of work. They en-
tered the office from the rear door, crack
inc the safe without making noise
enough to awaken even the residents
who slept in houses near the postoffce.
The craftsmen sprinkled pepper on the
floor of the office after finishing their
Job to keep bloodhounds from following
them.