davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-08-18
Education and the Mob Spirit.

EduCat1On ana the MOD spirit.
The fundamental remedy, both for the mobs,
on the one hand, and for the ofenses which pro-.
woke the mobs, on the other, is to be found in a
better and more thorough education. The negro
offenders upon which the violence of mobs is visi-
ted, come, as a rule from the most ignorant and
degraded class. It is not true, as is often assert
ed, that the criminal class of negroes is largely
recruited from the better-instructed half of the
race. It is the ignorant class, white and black,
that chiefly supplies the violent criminal element
and it is the ignorant class, white and black, that
is most easily melted to mob violence. The right
kind of education will train the children of the
more unfortunate classes of our population, not
merely in such arts as reading and writing, but
also in sound ideas about work and citizenship.
Fortunately, although the actual number of
l~ynchings for some weeks past has been greater
than the average, the general trend of our civil
ization is toward a more lawful and orderly life.
Thus, the statistics of lynching for a period of
twenty years show that there has been an average
decline, and that last years record was the best
of all in point of the actual number of lynchings.
In 1898, there were 200 reported in the United
States, and in 1894 there we're 100. The decline
has not been regular, since 1876 were reported for
1901, as against 1O7 in 1899; but the number for
O4OPPNA " w. IL h4OV I've 1O1bA1 VI. OLC
present year promised an even more favorable
record. It may still turn out that 1903 will not
show more than 100 actual lynchings. But the
disposition to invoke the mob spirit upon slight
provocation has shown itself with unusual reck-
lessness this summer, and it must be sternly sup
pressed. In New York, a few weeks ago, a negro
criminal shot and killed the agent of an organiza-
ton which had been instrumental in procuring
his arrest. There might readily have been started
an anti-negro race riot or a l~ynching movements;
but the evidence in the case was clear, and the
District Attorney procured an almost instant in
dictment of the murderer. Trial and conviction
followed a few days later. It is a useful thing,
in cases of this kind, to show that the machinery
of Justice can move quickly without any sacrifice
of the rights of the individual. There is no such
delay in the ordinary administration of justice IN
any other country as in our own. This is largely
the fault of a system which the lawyers as a pro-
fessional guild have developed, and which the
judges as members of that guild do not seem able
to remedy, from the very limitations of their pro-
fessional training. Among remedies to be sought
must therefore be included a scientific improve
ment of the machinery of justice.-From "The
Progress Of the World" in the American Monthly
Review of Reviews for August.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-08-18
MORE ARoUT THE TOBACCO WILT.

DR.. F.. l.. Stevens, Biologist of our State Elk
pertinent Station, is still at work on the tobacco
wilt disease. Nothing has ever yet been publish
ed in agricultural or scientific publications about
it, nor does it appear that the disease is known
outside of North Carolina. Some of the farmers
in the infected region have attributed it to in
SectS, some to the fertilizers, some to. continuous
cropping in tobacco, but it is due to none of these
things. The cause is a microscopic germ found
in the soil. These germs are so small that mil
lions of them could be put into a teaspoon. They
multiply rapidly, and may be carried by the pillow
or by bitches or on the horses hoof to soil pre-
viously uninfested, there to increase in great
numbers. No way to destroy the germs is yet
known, but DR.. Stevens will experiment with diff
terent chemicals in the hope of finding a remedy.
At present the only thing left for the farmer TO
DO Is to plant no tobacco ON diseased fields until
the germs die, probably in six or seven years
unless in the meantime a remedy is found.
Ihs disease must not be COMPOUNDED with the
sore shn,' which causes the tobacco plant to
1aII over. With wilt, the plant stands erect while
the leaves wilt as if the roots had been cut off.
After making a full investigation DIR. Stevens
Will discuss this matter more authoritatively in
our columns. Just now he wishes very much to
learn IN what section of the State the disease ex-
lists or IS supposed to exist. We earnestly urge
every reader of The Progressive Farmer who
Knows of a probable case of wilt to write at once
10 DIR. +. L. Stevens, West Raleigh, n. @. He
Is employed by the State to investigate this mat
Ter, and should have the fullest cooperation of
our tobacco growers. The profit will be theirs.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-08-18

Neither the bears nor the bulls are much in
favor with the masses of the people. When the
bears have their way with the cotton market for
instance, the farmer is underpaid for his cotton.
When the bulls have their innings, the factories
have to close and thousands are thrown out of
work. Some time the hand of the law is going
to be laid upon that colossal selfshness and make
it as criminal as it is ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Standard.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-08-18

Resolutions of the State Alliance in Regard to To-
bacco Prices.
The following correspondence is self-explana-
tory:
Raleigh, N. c., August 10, 1903.
ellis Excellency, Governor Charles B. Aycock,
Raleigh, N. @.
Dear Sir:-In the temporary absence of Sec
rotary Parker, the Executive Committee has in
structed me, as Recording Secretary, to forward
to you a copy of the enclosed resolution, which
was unanimously adopted at the recent session
of the State Farmers Alliance of North Carolina.
ut is respectfully submitted with the hope that
you will take favorable action.
Sincerely yours,
"CLARENCE H. POE,
Recording Secretary"
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-08-18

Let every youth aim, first of all, and most of all,
at self-mastery. Without it he must be base and
miserable. With it he cannot but be happy. With
out it other things are but gifts of the evil
genii, which are curses in disguise."-F. W. Far
rar.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-08-18

On July 22nd, the Tobacco Trust raised the
price OF American cigarettes in England so per
cent. Two weeks later it reduced the price of its
raw material in North Carolina more than so per
cehj-tor later reports more than confirm our last
weeks conjecture as to this. The Tobacco Trust
Is powerful, but in America there is yet a might
Ter power. One of these days the Trust, by its
greed and oppression, is to bring itself into dead
~ and unequal combat with the people.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-08-18
H. POE,
Recording Secretary"

Whereas, the present low price of leaf tobacco
seriously concerns the financial condition of
many of our brethren, now be it
Resolved, by the North Carolina State Farm
ers' Alliance in annual convention assembled at
Hillsboro:
II. That according to our judgment there is no
cause for the great fall in the price of leaf to-
bacco other than the consolidation of the Amer
lean Tobacco Company and the Imperial Tobacco
Company, of Great Britain.
SO. That we do hereby respectfully petition
Governor Charles B. Aycock through joint action
with the executives of South Carolina and Vir-
ginia to use his best endeavors to induce the Pres
ident of the United States to enforce any law now
in existence for the suppression of monopoly in
the purchase of tobacco.
80. That in our judgment, with the present out
look for high-priced cotton, the American To
bacco Company would not put the price of leaf
tobacco below the cost of production at this time
but for deliberate determination on it's part to
force warehousemen and independent buyers to
sell at a ruinous sacrifice their present holdings
of tobacco.
a. That the President of this body appoint a
committee with authority to join with the To
bacco Growers Association and all other parties
interested in calling a convention of tobacco
farmers to take action in regard to the decline in
the price of leaf tobacco.
"5. That we recommend united action on the
part of our farmers, merchants of all classes,
warehousemen, bankers and capitalists to pro
tect this leading agricultural industry from de-
struction at the hands of this giant monopoly and
trust.
rs. That a copy of these resolutions be for
warded to his excellency, Gov. Charles B. Ay-
cock, for his consideration, and that copies be
furnished the press of the State for publication"
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-08-18
State of North Carolin,
Executive Department,
Raleigh. August IA, 1903.

Clarence II. Poe, Esq, City.
Ny Dear Sir:-Yours of August 18th enclos-
ing a copy of the resolution adopted by the North
Carolina Farmers State Alliance, on August II,
1903, to hand. The resolution shall have my most
careful consideration.
Very truly yours,
CHARLES B. AYCOCK,
Governor.
The independent., 1903-03-19
NEBRASKA ECONOMISTS

Nebraska is generously represented
in the. list of editorial associates and
contributors of the National Eco
nomic League, whose avowed object
is
"To instruct the people that if
we are to continue to lead in the
worlds industries and keep Am
erican labor and capital remun-
eratively employed, it must be
j, through the organization of indus
, try into LARGE UNITS, directed
by the best talent.
Which, translated into the vernac-
ular, means trusts, directed by Nor
gans and Rockefellers.
This is the league whose editorial
manager, Mr.. Mattox, wrote to Mis-
souri, banker. some time ago that
"Only by the literature that was
sent out by the republican party
and auxiliary organizations edu-
The independent., 1903-03-19

time one has been issued forbidding
certain men to sell unused portions Of
railroad tickets. The managers Of
tie roads sometimes have trouble with
legislative bodies, but they never
have any trouble with the courts.
When they want a decision that
railroad is private property and that
the farmers can't put up an elevator
near the tracks, then they get one
of that kind. When they want de-
cision that railroad is public"
highway and that all the laws apply
ing to public highways applies to the
roads, they get that kind of deci-
sion. When it comes to the railroads
and the courts it is: "You take the
buzzard and take the turkey, or
take the turkey and you take the
buzzard," every time. When the
railroads are in a case, the courts
never talk turkey at all.
>~~~~~<~<~~
Some of the absurdities of the gold
standard spell-binders were about as
glaring, as the human mind could
conceive, as, for instance, intrinsic
value" and dear money and high
prices" But Mr.. Freeman Otis Wiley
has outdone the widest republican
spellbinder who ever roamed over the
rural districts of Ohio. He says that
the Pilgrim and Puritan colonies
which settled in America were cor
porations just like the steel trust and
Baer's coal combination. Then he
remarks: There would have been a
great opportunity for an anti-monop-
olist to characterize the Pilgrims and
Puritans and pronounce their i'm
mortal voyage a money-hunting
scheme" No doubt the mullet heads
who believed that we could only pros
per as the volume of money was de-
creased will believe this just as read
lily as they did the big-mouthed repub-
lican spell-binders. ~
The independent., 1903-03-19


Very often a case is lost because the
contestant proved too much. That is
the way with the argument of Free
man Otis Wiley who writes book
for the plutoeratic propaganda so of
ten mentioned in The Independent.
He says:
"If you consider the matter care
fully, you will not doubt that, as Of
ten as it can be shown that cor
poration, or the stockholders of a col-
poration have acted-in an oppressive
way, just as often can it be shown
that an equal number of non-char-
tered concerns, and individuals not
connected with corporations, have
acted in the same manner"
Now this book is written to combat
public ownership and socialism, and
by this argument he proves the case
for the socialists. That is exactly
what they say. Private ownership Of
anything is oppressive and results in
great wrongs. There are the two
things: Individual ownership and
corporation ownership. Mr.. Wiley
says one is just as bad as the other.
1t therefore follows that the only es-
cape is socialism.
If the National Economic League
can't do better than that they haG
just as we'll quit. They can't defend
trusts and corporations in that way.
They are furnishing the socialists
with new ammunition. That is, how
ever, aside from the facts. 1t is bald
statement without any attempt at
proof. Simply a plutocratic assump-
tion which the people are expected
to swallow without stopping to taste
it. When did a private individual
raise the price of wire nails 200 per
cent? When did private individual
more than double the cost of glass?
When did an individual coal miner or
owner produce coal famine and dou-
BILE the price of coal? These things
and thousands more like them have
been done by corporations. We-wait
for Mr.. Wiley to cite cases in which
individuals ever did such things.
That is the sort of literature with
which the plutocrats are flooding the
country. What are reformers doing
to counteract it?
.,.- SSSSSS$
Not long since The Independent
printed a report from minister con-
cerning the awful degradation and
moral foulness of some of the New
England villages. Now the same re-
port comes from England. In what
ever country Mammon is worshipped
the same results follow. The race
cannot advance and must degenerate
whenever the gathering of money is
considered the highest ideal to which
man can aspire. Love of country,
love of home, the desire to be useful,
must be the ideals instead of the
gathering of millions. Public rob-
bers must not be held up to the youth
of the land as the highest type and
the ones after which the youth should
pattern. The Rockefellers and Nor
gans must be dethroned and in their
stead must be installed those who
have not devoted their lives to rob-
berry and extortion, or the conditions
reported in the New England villages
and in England will spread all over
the land.
&SSSSsS>A ~-'
NEBRASKA ECONOMISTS
The independent., 1903-03-19

eating them (the peoplel to the
danger of the election of Mr..
Bryan, was the country saved
from that disaster"
Nebraska is represented In the
league by the following Nebraskans
and former residents as associate
editors and contributors:
Geo. E. MacLean, president state
university of Iowa, formerly chancel-
lor of the University of Nebraska.
Gen. Charles F. Henderson, solici.
tor B. & M. r. r.
, W. S. Poppleton, attorney, Omaha.
Francis A. Brogan, attorney, Omaha.
Those acquainted with MacLean and
Manderson, of course, understand why
they should ally themselves with an
organization like the league, but the
question naturally arises, Why is w.
S. Poppleton training with a crowd
that put forth such heroic efforts to
Save the country from the dis
aster" of electing Mr.. Bryan?
SSsSSSSSS
AS much editorial matter appears in
The Independent each week as in the
six editions of any of the dailies, and
the topics discussed are often a week
or ten days ahead of the dailies.
The independent., 1903-03-19


The Independent each week as in the
six editions of any of the dailies, and
the topics discussed are often week
or ten days ahead of the dailies.
$SSSSS&
ROSEWATER FREAKS OF MIND
In the Bee of March II, Mr.. Rose
water says: ''If any man or set of
men should deliberately concoct
scheme to set the town on fire or
blow up it's public buildings with dy-
Mantle, the community would rise up
as one man to have them thrown into
prison or lynched, but when men set
deliberately to work to undermine and
destroy government, the people
tamely allow them to proceed with
their devilish work. And yet this is
precisely what has been going on at
Lincoln for the last sixty days under
the< leadership of John N. Baldwin,
the head pusher of the most rotten
lobby that has ever infested the state
capitol"
In The Independent a short time
ago there appeared an article entitled
Freaks of the Mind" which has oc-
casioned some comment. Does it not
appear strange to the ordinary, sane
man that after Mr.. Rosewater sue
ceeded in electing this republican leg
islature that he should talk in that
manner? He knew that the railroads
named the candidates, that they paid
most of the campaign expenses, that
John N. Baldwin was their represen-
tative and practical manager of the
campaign and what things that it
was proposed to do if the republi-
cans succeeded and yet he supported.
Mr. Baldwin and the candidates that
he had selected. He could have as
easily prevented. the election of a re-
publican legislature as he did that of
Dave Mercer to congress. He could
have helped the citizens of Nebraska
choose legislature to whom the
railroads would have concluded that it
would have been no use to send a
lobby, that would have enacted laws
forcing the railroads to pay their
just share of taxes and have given
the state an honest and economical
government as had been done from
1896 to 1900 But he chose to sup
port the candidates and the party
that all men knew would do Just
what they have done if they were
elected. Now he writes a column of
the same kind as appears at the head
of this article denouncing them.
Would not sanity have directed that
it was better to defeat this crowd
than to elect them and afterwards in
dulge in ineffective denunciation of
them.
&SSSSSSS
That J. Pierpont Morgan is a low
down perjurer has been we'll estab-
lished during the last few weeks. He
went before the taxing authorities and
solemnly swore that he owned only
100000 worth of personal property.
1t now turns out that he has S7,O0O,-
900 worth of paintings, statuary and
other works of art. Men of that de-
testible character are the men who
dominate the republican party and to
large extent the church. Morgan Is
a shining light in the Protestant Epis-
The independent., 1903-03-19

In the courts the railroads always
seem to have a sure thing. If they
want an injunction against the work
men that injunction never fails to ap-
pear upon request. The courts enjoin
the workmen from walking on the
highway, from listening to sermon,
from quitting work, from talking,
from giving charity or anything else
that the roads ask them to enjoin.
Now the Injunction goes outside of
the employees ranks and for the first
The independent., 1903-03-19

Those subscribers to The Indepen-
dent who are from year to three
years delinquent for subscription
should now show their appreciation of
the generous treatment they have re-
ceived by sending in the amount due
without longer delay. Everyone
knows that The Independent has been
building during the past year. 1t has
taken more money than anticipated
and we are just now extremely short
of cash. We do not want to embarrass
you by sending the account to some
collector in your locality, but unless
those who are delinquent pay prompt
ly we shall be compelled to do so. In
the past we have always been gen.
erous in extending time and except
for the actual need of funds would
not be so insistent for prompt pay
ment now.
The independent., 1903-03-19

copal church. When such facts as
these are made known all over the
land is it any wonder that there is
decentralization and degeneration ev-t
erywhere? Why is not Morgan prose-
cuted for perjury like any other GRIM
inal? Because the courts and admin
istrators of the law are worshipers Of
Mammon and they will not bring an
accusation against one of the chief
votaries of their god. f"A
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1903-03-03

place, hut that II he was ordered 90
quit. he would DO 30 without muir
mur. lie admitted that poker was
played IN hln rooms upstairs Some :
times" but said that solo. coon can
and whist were also played at inter
walls. lie thought that Chief sui
iivan must know that he was deal.
ms poker, as there was little secrecy
about a.
II was in the roans over the Ne.
attic haf that young Alvin Heinrich
lost tho money that drive him Ia a
suicides grave "a Everett. Checks
thought TO have been forged were
caahrd In the Seattle nar II was
stated at the saloon that Heinrich
vas not known. but that many men
cashed checks IN the place who were
not remembered In fact, one ~ the
pFapfletars stated that checks assr-.
sAtins nom $1,000 Ia tfoeo a day
we're cashed Tor patrons af the bar
There are a number Of other gam
hing houses running openly in the
city. At the Snohasuish bar there 4
a sign which directs the prospective
player TO a room upstairs, where the
poker might he played The games
there are ran even mere openly than
they are At the Seattle liar.
There are also a number Of games
Operated In the CLOSED nsmbllnf
houses aud IN cigar stores that thu
police pass by.
No eaaft IL made 20 stop ths
sames BY the chief OF palice, who
,shen asked about them smiles and
gtves the customary ahrug OF his
shoulders
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1903-03-03
CORPORATION
COUNSEL TO
DO the JOB


A the result Of the action Of the
city council last night u VIII sean
be UP 10 Corporation Counsel Gillian
to appoint a special grade tar at
terncy 10 succeed the late John W.
Pratt.
The bin previously introduced by
Councilman GIL. authortxinx the
mayor to enter into a contract with
Robert Booth. was r~pcrted back
unfavurabiy by = majority q the
eomnittee. and In its place a rssolu-
fion providing that the work be
turned over to the corporation
counsel Was recommended foF adj
option
oni made a minority report reeofn-
mrnsiinx that his Bill. a. orisinA-s-'
drafted. with the name of thu alter
ney left blank. do pass. lie claimed
that the majority report waa In real
ity. not the wish of the majority. but
that several Insfnh.rS decided 10 turn
the matter over 10 the corporation
counsel amer they learned that there
was no chance for getting a frlend
Into Mr., PFstf's shoes.
The council. however. adopted the
majority report after u had stricken
from II a clause providing that the
corporation counsel should not b
given another assistant 10 take
charge Of the grade tar sofk-
n Was facility Understood that Mr.
Gillian win be given smother as
sistant. 80 that he will have the
preroestive Of naming MIR Pratfr
rucce s-or. Among the candidates
for the appointment are Attorneys
Y. u. Page. r. '. Booth aud J. u.
Wright
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1903-03-03

OF rules one OF the rules IN ,hia
code Is that No money shall appear
ON the table, al least, not when there
u an outsider In the room.
The intoxicated gentleman. who
had the appearance OF a mechanic.
pulled cut his pay envelope aud tore
u open lie put tas In gold ON the
table. hut the lioof- walker soon not
iced the yellow money and compeil-
ed him Ia buy chips with a.
The ehins are sold by the noor-
walker, who has exclusive charge OF
all the games in the room The
counters Rfe kept In little cup
board in one cofner. In this manner
the ne.money rule IL sVaded The
poker sames running arc generally
considered pretty stiff ones The
betting n comparatively hish. and
the samea are always we'll Allied. A
small percentage II taken out ~
every pot for the house. witch. as
one af the ptoprietorn explained. goes
10 ray Tor the cards. at the rate OF
80 cents a pack. In half an hour
Yesterday afternoon. about 70 pack,
% cards we're purchased at each
table. u the money was 40 used.
The games are under loek and key
and a guard PAGES the hall ontsids
the door lie Ia hiE fellow. and
kcens an eye constantly ON the dnor
A player may leave the room without
the assistance OF the guard. but be
fore he xoes IN he IL carefully cross
| questioned.
J. Mcfarland. one Of the prophet.
ors II the seattle Bar says that H.
has nathinE To do with the kamhlins
upstairs In the Skasit hotel. fuFthel
than rentins the rooms y. J. Cess
ner, who formerly conducted tbs
games Ia the hack room OF the "a
poker rooms.
Gessner stated yesterday after
noon that he had received no orders
frofn chief Sullivan To close tbs