The sun., 1903-11-20
PANAMA HAS OUR GUARANTEE
REPUBLICS INTEGRITY ASSURED
UNDER THE CANAL TREATY.
Commission Now Here Decides Not to Use
Its Power or RatIhcatlOn. but to Refer
the Treaty to the lsthn,lan Government
Other Secedins states Not Nante,l.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 19.-More details
of an interesting and important character
concerning the Panama Canal treaty signed
last night by Secretary Hay for the United
States. and Minister Varilla for
the republic OF Panama, were learned
to-day. THE SUN representative can
state positively with authority that the
treaty grants to the United States "the
use, occupation and control in perpetuity"
Uhis being the exact language) of canal
zone ten miles wide evenly measured
to each side of the canal, which is the CEN
tral dividing line. Sovereignty over the
canal strip is not conferred upon the United
States by any clause Of the treaty.
The corresponding clause in the abortive
Hay Herran treaty with Colombia pro-
vided that "to enable the United States to
exercise the rights and privileges granted
by this treaty lie republic Of Colombia
grants to that Government the use and
control for the term Of 100 years, renew
able at the sole and absolute option Of the
United States, for periods of similar dura-
tion as long as the United States may de-
sire, of a zone of territory along the route
Of the canal five kilometres, or fraction
more than three miles wide.
One of the most important features Of the
new treaty Is "A provision by which the
United States guarantees "the integrity
Of the Republic of Panama. This provision
was inserted in order to remove all doubt
as to the rights of the United States upon
the Isthmus-which means in this case the
entire territory of the Republic Of Panama,
and supersedes the provision in the treaty
of 1s48 between the United States and New
Granada, by which "the United States
guarantee positively and efficaciously to
New Granada the perfect neutrality Of the
lsthmus," and also "the rights of sover-
eighty and property which New Granada
has and possesses over the said territory"
The new provision leaves no possible
doubt as to the rights of the United States
upon the entire territory embraced within
the Jurisdiction of the Republic of Panama
as territorially constituted at present.
1t means that the new republic will have
no occasion to maintain any army or navy.
except, perhaps, small steamer or two
and few troops for police and revenue
purposes. 1t will require no force as pro-
lection against foreign invasion, that pro-
lection being undertaken by the United
States.
The representatives, of Panama in WASH
ington are not enthusiastic over the reports
that the States Of Cauca ard Antioquia
will secede from Colombia and join the Re-
public of Panama. and it may be taken
for granted that should they abandon their
present allegiance they will not be ad-
mitted into the new Isthmian nation. The
Panamanos realize that by extending their
present territory they would pave the way
for political disturbances which are so
popular in LatinAmerca. Under their
treaty with the United States this Govern
ment guarantees the integrity of the present
Panama Republic, but as the object of this
provision is to prevent interruption of
traffic across the Isthmus It would hardly
be construed as meaning that the United
States Government should preserve order
and keep the peace in all other territory not
embraced within the neck of land known as
the Isthmus of Panama, which might be
acquired by the new republic.
There is a strong feeling for Isthfnian
annexation by the United States among
the Panamanos, but they feel hesitancy in
making proposal of that character to
this Government, being convinced that
Minister Bunau-N Narilla said tonight that
constitutional convention viii assemble
in Panama about Jan. !, and that officers
would be elected and permanent govern
ment formed.
The President is said to have determined
upon the time when the Panama Canal treaty
shall be submitted to the Senate. He is
credited with an intention not to do so until
the Cuban reciprocity treaty is out OF the
way.
The ratification of the Canal treaty by the
Republic of Panama is the next step
to be taken in the interest of the Panama
Canal project. 1t has been decided that
the action of ratifying the treaty shall not
of the republic shall exercise its authority
directly, instead Of through the commits
sion sent to Washington or through Min
lister Bunau- Varilla.
This decision is the result OF long con
ference to-day between MIR. Runau-Narilla,
DR.. Manuel Amador, Minister Of Finance
of Panama; Senior Federico Boyd, one
of the Consuls OF the republic tMessrs.
Amador and Boyd being the commissioners
of Panama), and Frank ID; Pavey, legal
adviser to the Panama legation. The
treaty was carefully read and considered,
and il was thought best to have it ratified
by the Government of Panama instead OF
by the commission. It is explained that
this action was solely in the interest of
unanimous approval. ~
The present plan is that the treaty will
be sent to Colon on the mail steamer from
New York next Tuesday. The principal
points Of the treaty have been cabled to
the Panama Government but it is not
desired that any action shall be taken on
the cabled extracts. The complete copy
will reach Colon Dec and will be inmedi-
civ taken under consideration by the
Consuls forming the Government. Should
they approve of the treaty, it may be rati-
fed without furthe delay and the authori-
ties notified of their action.
An interesting question as 10 the ratifca
tion nv the Consus forming the directorate
of the Panama Republic was raised at the
State Department before the treaty was
signed bv Secretary Hay. The point was
made that the signing of the treaty should
be deferred until after the new republic
adopts a constitution and elects legisln-
tive body. Investigation showed, however,
that the United States Government had
entered into treaties with foreign powers
without tho raj feat ion of elective bodies.
Russia and Turkey were both cited as
examples Of Governments that are rccog
nized by the United States and ratification
bv the Czar or the Sultan is considered
sufficient bv this country without any
question. The State Department looked
carefully into the matter, and was con-
vinced that the present Government Of
the Republic of Panama was thoroughly
capable of entering into and ratifying a
treaty with the United States with respect
TO the canal.
Az We, France and the United States
are the My count r.cs that nave recognized
the new replf lie Minister BunauV Varilia
received to-day TWO responses to his letters
to the Diplomatic ic representatives in Wash