davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15
TELLING TREES AGES.
only Accurate Way Is said to De ~
Girth Measurement.

WHY - S1Ao " IL -
Girth Measurement.
THE only accurate way to estimate
q trees age is by the measurement OF
Its girth." said a botanist. THE count
ing of the rings of o%xogenous trees can
only be applied 10 such as are u
down in their prime, for these trees,
when they begin to die, cease to add
their yearly rings. Girth measurement
is tho only safe guide TO the age of
trees.
Hence all over the world botanists
have now for some years been meas
uring trees of known and unknown
age. compiling thus a volume of sta
tistics that will become more and more
valuable as it increases in size.
The yew is the longest lived OF
trees. Three feet u century. our Stats
tics show. is its normal growth. Ac-
cording to this rule. the Portugal yew
Of Scotland. which was fifty-six feet in
girth in 1863. must have lived over
1,s00 years. The Tisbury yew. in Dor
setshire, is thirty-seven feet In girth
and should be, therefore, 1900 years
old.
There is a table of the age OF oaks
that differs from this. 1t is not a very
satisfactory table, but 1t was compiled
from trees of known age. and there
fore it is statistically very valu be.
According to it, a ~40-year-old oak had
d circumference of 8 feet; So years.
Il feet; 100 years. IS feet; 200 years.
90 feet; go years. 81 feet; $50 years.
80 feet."-Philadelphia Record.
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15
a - Ii 40 Henvens.

On Get. s.. -. 81 Constantine
the Great Is said % have heard a great
and milky noise above and to he
CO { of hi-l" AMI upon turning lis eyes
in hat diroc ion was ustonished b.
yC1d m assure 1t what lie there beh Id"
Clearly outlined upon the bue sky
vas a cross Of pure white. and in the
Lalo which surrounded tie top was the
Latin phrase. In hoe sicno" ("By this
sign. in letters Of dep scarlet. Mack
cy. the great historian. says that there
was a second Inscription in Greek. the
letters of which in English would be
EN- to nika."
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15
Notice to Water Consumer.

beginning With July l6. and con
euing unit further Lotice. water " ]
. shut of from Second Third. Fourt
al Rail Dad st eets from II noon
D N. and from 9 p m to s a. N
All other patrons are hereby not
20 70 not 81 water for isrigatin3
poses between Cne noun of 6 p N
- ) a. M. o. it viii Je necessary
shm Of ,he water supply from th'
~ night
u T.. AKIN Supt W ". & L. Co
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15
Bartlett Springs Water

Messrs Maj no. the propl .etors OF
10 new saloon, The Leader" have
ecure' the local agency for the min
al water from the celebrated Bart
1T Springs. situated in Lake coun
~ Ca ifornia. nd will keen on hand
AZ all times a big and always fresh
supply, which is bottled especially for
Them. The water comes In quart bot
les, which retail at 25 cents. Try
sing it for awhile, and test the won
herful qualities Of this water 7-8tf
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15
A Very Smoky Reason

"Yes. | know it's an expensive and
useless habit" said the old smoker.
lighting a fresh clear with the stump
of the old one. but you can't think
what a solace it is
"A solace for what?" asked the other
man.
WHY. for tho-cr-discomfort and
craving yoT fol when you're not smok-
Ing. you know &C irago Tribune
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15
The Death Penalty

A little thing sometimes results l.
death Thus a mere scratch tnsle
nifcant cuts or puny boils have pal
the death penalty. 1t is wise to have
Bucklen's Arnica Salve ever handy
It's the best Salve on earth and vii
prevent fatality when burns sores
ulcers and piles threaten )nly DC
az Brown Bros. druggists.
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15

Q. Diehl is the authorized agent of
the Silver State Subscriptions plpred
with him will BE- promptly placed NJ
on the mail or carrier lis. Singl
copies ~ this naper for sail. at hi
TOR ~
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15
Young Rams for Sale

Or SALE-Two hundred yearlins
Rambouil.et rams from REGISTERED
stock. at $500 per head. Also 600
Merino rams. 2. g and 4 years old.
price $40 To s10.9e. according to
age. Apply to w. T. JENKINS co
Rattle Mountain Nov Jy10-Oct36
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15
Dentistry

Notice is given to the patrons in
Wianeuucca of H. B. Mcdonald, tie
dentist. that he Is now in Paradise
valley, where he will remain until
about the 18th Of September. He will
hen letu.n to Winnemucca, and may
Dc found at the Hotel Lafayette.
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15

Here, waiter!' said Mr.. Meddergrass
to the attendant in the city cafe where
he was breakfasting. II see you got
some fried soles' on this here bill O.
fare. Bring EN- on. | think them vas
the uppers | got fer g~riddlecakes ?
minute ago."-Judge.
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15

at was very a%ffectinr when l asked
old Binks for his daughter Why. I
wept myself"
Ibid he kick as hard as a. that?"
Chicago Post.
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15

Joey-Yes. Pietro; in whist playing a
good deal do7ands on your luck.
Pietro-Quite so. And your luck de-
ponds OF a good deal, hey?-Philadel-
phia Bulletin.
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15
HIS Choice.

Agent-Yes. sir; | will guarantee that
shis Is the most concentrated food you
ever ate.
Consumer-But l don't want that
kind. l want the kind that spreads all
over my system.-Lite.
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15

The state of New Hamns ire get
more than 81 100000 each season frcI
summer boarders.
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15
Rams for Sale

We nave four hundred good two and
thu ee-year-old Merlno rams for sale.
Call on or write I
CORBEIL BROS,
S-6-tf Winnemucca
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15

Evil often triumphs. but never COZ
Quers. -Roux.
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15

First we teach the baby TO talk and
then to hold his tongue.-Smart Set.
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15

FOR SALE-A dne building lot in
San Jose. Cal. Price $500, or will
exchange for Winnemucca property
Inquire at this Office. July | II
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15
So Cent Column

Reading notices o to exceed FIVE
lines inserted in this department for
fifty cents a week, payable in advance.
The daily silver state. [volume] (Winnemucca, Nev.) 1903-1907, 1903-09-15
Official Directory
United states Government.

President. Theodore Roosevelt
Secretary of INSTRUMENTATION Hay
Secretary Of Treasury.....L Leslie NJ. Shaw
Secretary of .Elihu Root
Secretarw of Navy.......w William Moody
Postmaster GeneTai.....TIenry c.. Payne
Secretary Of Interior. ...E. A. Hitchcock
Acknowledgement .............P C. Knox
Secretary Of Agriculture. James Wilson
Secretary of Commerce. g. B. Cortelyou
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20
IF1ECOUlVCIL And 4 Il
TAX PAYERS MONEY.

careful reading of the last proceedings will disclose
the TACT that the gentlemen of the council vein
hbera1ty with the peoples money moments
The question OF furnishing the city without even asking
the question OF the probable proposed
indifference the all important question expenses taxes
The discovery OF the fact that money
popaed Tor the of old
CURED Tor that purpose seemed the
we blow it, Instead of devsng applying
bonded Indebtedness of the city sinking fund.- heretofore
unprovded for which opinion have been better In
voting uniforms for the police the idea that the
city able to make these worthy servants
word said about limiting the number of
forms to be bought for each The only
form for each policeman will be bought any
erence.
The council went further without
voted themselves each the free Of the cys lights
The Enterprise recognizes that the salary
SMALL large extent responsible
the compensation nconsiderab privilege
honor of conducting the municipal affairs of Fitzgerald
lifting out of debt and placing high prosperity
worth something the adermans reputation
each of them knowledge of the
price for his services ST per annum.
Parsmony is always the best policy municipal gov
alderman of this CITY, They should and apply
the principles the cty that they to their
private affairs While what said the spirit of
friendship still intensely
what consider duty to the community payers
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20

1t is very evident that a mum.
Der of citizens of the county want
to adopt the stock law as it exists
in nearly all the middle Georgia
counties. AS citizen of one of
these counties where tim Der had
become scarce and the open
ranges limited we advocated the
adoption of the system but we
have grave doubts of the cxpedi-
ency Of it's adoption in this coun-
ty at this time.
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20
LIST OF JURORS.

The spring term of Irwin Su-
perlor court conyenes at Irwin
vile Monday, the second day of
March. We publish below list
OF the Jurors DRAWN to serve at
that term. 1t will be seen the
list contains the names of sever
al colo1ists, but the distance to
the court house and the bad con-
dltion Of the roads are discourag-
ing and most of the Fitzgerald
jurors will make an effort to get
excused and all of them at least
with legal excuses will get off"
and when the sheriff is directed
to catch up" extra jurors, with
the list in hand he will stumble
over half dozen professionals
who are always ready to serve the
county, and incidentally some
friend. or has some enemy topun-
ish and who is perfectly willing
to use the secrecy of the jury
to 'dohim." No, dear read
er, the list of grand jurors be-
low is not necessarily the list that
will sign the presentments at the
close of the session. Some of the
hangers on" about the superior
court are licking their chops and
already have answers ready for
the approach of the sheriff, and
the editor Of the Enterprise has
his pencil sharp preparatory to
puncturing their patriotic and
sell-sacrificing devotion to their
counly's service. They may
have legal excuses, but to use
them would be unpatriotic and
aAd fatal to some political scheme,
some officer they wish to com
mend or some change they wish
to recommend"
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20

The Enterprise is for Fitz-
gerald, larger, better, greater
Fitzgerald, one thing absolutely
necessary is good government.
Mismanagement when Chicag Q
was no larger than Fitzgerald
would have forever destroyed that
city's prospects. Lets build a
Chicago here. Lets pass rapidly
by the small things and on to
greater ones.
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20

Congress- has appropriated
100000 for the equipment and
support of the National Guard,
which includes the organized
militia of the several states, in
includingthc Fitzghrald Guard,
which will be equipped the same
as the regular army, and twenty
officers OF the regular army will
be assigned to duty with the
militia.
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20
THE ENTERPRISE CORRECTED.
Mr.. Editor

Mr.. Editor
| see in your paper of Thurs.
day the II that there was no loaf.
ers in Fitzgerald. Now if you
will walk down Pine Street any
day and don't find lot Of negro
loafers, then the writer doesn' I
know what loaGers are.
Now for the remedy-let the
Mayor order their arrest and
put them to work on the streets,
and there will soon be cleaner
streets and fewer negro loafers.
w,
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20

Sh eriff Gibbs of Wilcox county
who has been missing for seveal
weeks, it is rumored is short in
his accounts and there are other
ugly features, at least rumors,
connected with his disappearance,
too ugly to write about in the
Enterprise.
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20

and he lacks self control. In the
midst of the most fertile region
he suffers faminine. This is be-
cause he has not the foresight
nor disposition to provide for the
future. Pressed by hunger, one
tribe wages war upon another,
raping the women and cooking
and eating the men.
The family does not exist as
we understand that institution.
There is scarcely anNrestraint
upon the sexual appetite of either
boys or girls. When children
are weaned they receive We ry
little attention from parents.
Aged people are often left to per-
ish in the forest or they are knock
ed on the head, killed and eaten.
Many victims arc sacrificed to
the African gods, and, on this ac-
count, the negro has become cold
aud pitiless in the presence of
human suffering. Theft is a
universal trait.
These people, being brought
to America and subjected to the
rigid discipline Of salary, we're
forced to abandon many of their
savage practices
LARGE PROPORTION MoNoGAM1C.
The close contact with the
white man developed in the negro
a sympathetic disposition which
became almost a universal char
acteristic. While petty theft
persisted throu ghout slavery,
rape and crimes of blood we're
very uncommon. These modiii-
cations in the negro's life were
artihcially produced-the newt
able outcome Of the self interest
of the white mainland they effect
ed no permanent change in the
negroes nature.
When the restraints ofthe mas
ter thrown off it was natural
that the savage nature should
have strong tendency to rcas-
sert itself.
UNFAITHFULNI1sSI IS COMMON.
1ntrigues and separations be-
tween man and wife are common,
and the police dockets are filled
up with cases of brawls growing
out Of uufaithfulness of husbands
and wives. In many cases the
women support the family.
Professor Harris, a negro Of
Fisk university, Tennessee, has
correctly interpreted the cause
of the high mortality. He says:
/ am convinced that the sine
qua non of achange for the better
in the negro's physical condition
is higher social morality. / do
not believe that his poverty or his
relation to the white people pre-
sents any real impeachment to his
health and physical Development.
For the causes Of the black man, $
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20

German, Hill, Hearst
6ker in succession have
ing on the people as pro-
hdidates for the demo-
pnination for president
81 time when the fog has
way and the public pulse
Examined it is stronger
BIZ Cleveland. This is
y signs of the times.
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20
THE NEGRO NORTH AND SOUTH.
THE VIEWS OF TWO NORTHERN MEN.

The race question is always a
live one and on account of the Pc
culiar constituency of the Enter
prise of unusual Importance to
us.
Many bitter things are con-
stantly being written that are
not only misleading but very un-
just to the southern people or to
the negro. Many northern writ
ers take up the subject who are
not only ignorant of the subject
but too acrimonious to be just,
whether they are favorable to the
negroes or dislike him as wit
ncsses the following Picture of
the Negro from a Northern Pas
tors Sermon Before a Grand
Army Post" Schenectady, N.
Y, Feb. 15.-In sermon tonight
before thelocal post of the Grand
Army of the Republic, the Rev.
Fred Winslow Adams, pastor of
the State Street Methodist hurch
denounced the southern negroes,
saving:
They are low, bestial, degrad-
ed, ignorant and diseased. You
may think theseare strong words
for a minister to use, but if you
were to go south and see them,
you would use stronger Ian
guage-."
The sermon was listened to by
over 1000 people.
Now the Rev. Adams was Bit
ter and unjust.
But from the same daily paper
we take the following from an
other northern authority who
seems to be we'll posted on the
negro, his characteristics and his
conditions. Although quite
lengthy it is worth the while of
every reader who is interested:
Professor Jerome Dowd, resident
lecturer on sociology in the Univers-
itv of Wisconsin, delivered the follow
ing lecture, in Part, before a largs
audience in JanesYille, Wis on the
evening of February 10:
INFORM TRAITS RULE RACES.
Whenever the American people
come to know the real nature and
condition of the dark races of the
earth and to be guided in dealing
with them by the dispassionate
and united scholarship Of the
civilized world there can be no
dispute as tothe best government
tai policy for Porto Rico, the phil
ippines. or South Carolina.
Race of men, like races of ami
mails, have inborn traits which
are the product of many centur-
les, and which only many centur.
lies can change. The Jew, the Ital.
ian, and the Teuton differ as dis
tinctly today as they did ten'cen-
turiesago, The dark races, having
had the most unbroken chain of
heredity, are themost persistent
in their race characteristics.
Let us inquire what are thS
general characteristics of the
African negro, First, be is indol-
ent. lie has an explosive temper
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20

Mr.. Bryan,s refusal to attend a
banquet where, Mr.. Cleveland
was also an invited guest, is nat
ural. He had been saying hard
things about Grover and could
not face m.-Douglas Breeze.
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20

low vitality, his susceptibility to
disease, and his enormous death
rate, we must look to those social
conditions which he creates for
himself.
Inthenext place, the criminality
of the negro has very much in
creased since his emancipation.
Negro crime increased in the
south 26 per cent from 1880 to
1890, AMI the educated negro is
more criminal than the illiterate.
Industrially the greatest draw.
back to the negro is disposition
to work only long enough to exc
outa bare subsistence. He works
with irregularity and ina slipshod
manner. Notwithstanding the
accumulation of few Of the bet
ter class, the negro per capita
wealth is only about SIS, and the
race as whole is far from self
supporting.
CONDITION NORTH EVEN WORSE.
The condition of the negro in
the north and west, where we
should expcctit to be the best, is,
in fact even worse. In the north
the death rate of the negro is
higher than the birth rate, and,
but for immigration, the black
man would disappear from that
section. This is partly due to
the climate, partly to more in
tense competition, and partly to
more degraded family life. The
negro is about three times more
criminal in the north than in the
south, and about three and half
times more CT iminal in the west.
In New York city they are few
houses that a negro can rent.
The maxim once anegro house
always negro house" is familia
to all real estate men. Jacob Riis
tells us that the landlord draws
the color line and docs it with an
absence of pretense frankness
of disposition that is nothing but
brutal. Where he permits them
to live they go; where he shuts
the door they stay out"
The New York Sun says that
white Americans won't work
with a black man; neither will
foreign laborerS. If a negro
happens to go into saloon he
has to pay Is cents for a 1O-cent
drink, device which works all
most as well as the forbidden one
OF refusing to serve negro" In
restaurants, too, the walters say.
we are busy" and the negro
may look at his empty plate, if he
will, from 6 O'Clock until mid
night, and the excuse will be the
same.
CONDITION IN CHICAGO WORSE.
In Chicago the economic con-
dition of the negro is worse than
in any other part of the country.
So the race prejudice is not con-
fined to the south. Booker Wash
lngton said in the Atlantic Month
ly that when it comes to earning
money instead of spending it, the
negro is better treated in the
south. DR. ParkhurSt admits
with admirable frankncss, that
the north does not like the negro
any better than the south Peo-
Pile who live on the outer circleof
negro population are too apt to as.
sumo an air of su periority and set
themselves up to preach sermons
to other people. If we could
sectionalism from this
problem it would be much easier
of solution.
But the question is. What
Continued GA Eighth page,
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20

nterprise is in favor of a
rs been favor of a college
erald and has said more
IAN anybody else, aud
ndy to do as much for it
y, but we are eternally
ompromisingly opposed
scheme that smacks of
ii jobbery. There are
aders of the Enterprise
aerstand the full i'm
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20

M. Burton has signed
smcnt with this issue
cation of athe Eastman
leases. Eastman was
nough for two papers
la should chance to read
of the Enterprise of
IN date with the second
The Herald he would ac-
e that we are a prophet.
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20
We are pulling for Fitzgerald,

The department of commerce
has been established and George
B. Cortelyou has been named as
secretary of the new department.
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20

evlet has brought the ne
Estion to the front. 1t is
re discussed than ever,
|the sos, and it occupies
nee in the press than any
abject.
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20

IS now as if Jim Tillman,
Of Editor Gonzales, will
py his liberty by the en-
! of dislep equitable wit
South Carolina will
selt by hanging Till
pbodx doubts that he
5 of the cold blooded
Of a good citizen.
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20

Alabama legislature has
h law prohibiting the sale
cites or cigarette paper
state. Call it paternalism
Ike but it's a good law.
y Alabama boy, and Geor-
boo, stand in need of pater-
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20

'ounty com missioners of
county have accepted
u made contracts for the
Of a modern courthouse
Vile to cost about $4,000.
hiding is erected it will
De courthouse removal
for a long time to come
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20

Df the advertisements in
the daily weekly and
papers are positively OBJ
They get worse and
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20

said that every fourth
/ fruit crop in Georgia is
|ed by Il cold snap after
ave blossomed. This is
be the fourth year.
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20

rious damage has been
fruit crop by the recent
b. Only a few trees that
ed prematurely have
"a
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20

ne we are glad that Macon
\ State Fair again. The
ms to be more at home in
sral City Park than any
have seen it.
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20

|nblin Courier Dispatch
the very best twice-a-
pers we have ever seen.
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20
/ Fitzgerald, or pull out.

|arker boom is already on
Fitzgerald enterprise. (Fitzgerald, Ga.) 1895-1912, 1903-02-20
Editor and Manager.
lar PER ANN ON CASH.

FEBRUARY 20, 1908.
The Savannah morning news., 1903-09-02
BUREAUS CROP REPORT.

Washington. Sept. 1.-The Weather
Bureaus weekly summary of crop con-
ditions says while there has been
some Improvement in the condition Of
cotton, mainly in portions of the cen
trail district. the crop as a whole has
suffered deterioration, rust and she'd
ding being very general throughout the
belt, and premature opening in some of
the eastern districts, where excessive
heat proved unfavorable.
In Texas there has been much shed
ding, and while boil worms are disap-
pearing and the crop more promising
in the northern districts, the boil Wee
vii continues very destructive in the
southwest, central and eastern por-
tons. Picking is now general through
out the southern districts of the cotton
holt.
The tobacco crop has suffered some
injury from rains in Wisconsin and
New York. but elsewhere has expert
enced no unfavorable conditions, and
cutting has progressed satisfactorily.