davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lewiston teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1905, 1903-06-26
MORE ABOUT GOLD DOLLARS

Coinage for the Worlds Fair Is of
Gold and not Silver, as Someone
Has Said.
A report, quoting numiSmatic
authority, that the Louisiana Pur-
chase dollars are of silver, has
gained considerable circulation. 1t
emanated, rather strange to say,
from Washington. 1t is coupled
with the criticism that the price of
three dollars in currency for a
souVener dollar in silver is ex-
ceSsive, and the prediction is made
by the numismatist quoted that
the silver dollars, although of dis
tlnctive coinage; cannot command
this premium. The Louisiana Pur-
chase Centennial dollars are of gold.
No gold dollars had been coined in
this country since 1890, until Con-
gresS authorized the Louisiana
Purchase Centennial dollars. The
coinage of gold dollars began in
l84o. Between that date and 1890
there were coined lo, 4oo, 1897 gold
dollars. In 1890 Congress repealed
the Act authorizing dollar coinage
from gold, so that it was necessary
to have a specific Act of Congress
for this Louisiana Purchase Cen
tennial issue.
1t is the testimony of the leading
numismatists of the country that
the standard price for any one of
the ordinary gold dollars, in good
condition, issued before 1890, Is
$500, as a minimum. There are
gold dollars of years when the
coinage was small which command
much higher premiums. Some Of
those gold dollars sell from $500
to $4,000 each.
The issue of Exposition gold dol
lars is limited by Act of Congress
to 100000, one-half of which bear
the head of Thomas Jefferson and
the other half of William Mckinley.
The first of these dollars were re-
ceived from the mint just before
the holidays last winter. The ex-
perince of the Exposition manage.
ment in the disposition of them
has afforded interesting informa-
ton in regard to coin collection.
There was considerable local
curiosity and demand for these
coins when they were received,
and some thousands of them were
taken Immediately. Since the sup
ply of the first demand there has
been steady call for the coins,
nearly every mail bringing appli-
cations for them. The call is not
confined to this country. 1t shows
no decrease. Most of the collectors
wish the coins in pairs, so that
practically $4,000 purchasers will
exhaust the supply. The heads OF
Mckinley and Jefferson, from
which the Mckinley and Jefferson
. gold dollars were made, were taken
from two of the best medals in the
possession of the Director of the
Mint. The Jefferson medal used
according to the medallic history OF
the United States, was engraved
by John Reich, who was, for a
. time, connected with the mint al
Philadelphia. He died in 1888.
The Mckinley medal, which is con-
sidered by the late Presidents
friends to be the best portraiture Of
Mr.. Mckinley, was engraved by
the present engraver of the mint
: Charles E. Barber, who had sit,
, tings for the purpose given him by
the late President.
Experimental farm at the University
The Lewiston teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1905, 1903-06-26
Wheat'S Strong Position.

HP Will lush III
the Eastern markets yesterday,
both the July and September
options touching the highest point
OF the season, and the net gain for
the day on July ~ cents Fer bus.
hel. Some of this rapid advance
was perhaps due to the high specu-
latlve fever, which at present is not
being cooled in stock speculations,
but the most of it is due to per-
fectly natural conditions. Every
thing in the statistical line yester-
day was of bulIish character. The
worlds shipments were over | $780,
OOO bushels smaller than on the
week previous. Quantities on pas
sage increased 100000 bushels,
and the American visible showed a
decrease of nearly 100000 bushels
and is now down to about l8,5OO,-
600 bushels, compared with H..
22o,OOO bushels in 1898, when the
Letter boom was on.
These are conditions outside of
the present crop prospects. and the
latter are anything but satisfactory,
not only to the United States, but
in most of the wheat countries of
the Old World. The Argentine is
still shipping large quantities of the
surplus of one of the largest crops
on record, and, aside from the
United States, has been the greatest
factor in keeping worlds shipments
up to unusually heavy figures for
this season of the year. There was
heavy decline yesterday in Rus
sian, Danubian and Indian ship
ments, and those of the United
States and Canada were also much
smaller than for the week previous.
Stocks are small in nearly all of the
worlds markets, a fact indicated
not only by the figures themselves,
but by the premium that is paid for
spot wheat over the distant deliv-
cries. This strong situation for spot
wheat seems to warrant the belief
that a revision is due on some of
the theoretical estimates as to the
stocks, expected distribution and
consumption of wheat. Perhaps
consumption has made more rapid
gains on production than we have
been creditng.
A theoretical estimate of the
amount of wheat that would be
consumed by 100000 Americans
in year when distress stalked
through the land and hundreds OF
thousands of idle men were fed al
the souphouses would not accurate
ly fit the case in these days of high
wages and plenty of work. 1t is
also probable that wheatgrowers in
other parts of the United States be-
sides Oregon have discovered that
there is more money in feeding
wheat to stock thad in selling it al
the average prices that have pre-.
vailed for the past three years
When the Government estimate oil
wheat reserves in farmers hands
appeared in March it was pointed
out that the figures were so moder'
ate that general scraping of bins
might be necessary before the new
crop was available. They have
not yet begun scraping the bins
but the new crop is farther away
proportionately to the season than
it was in March, and July wheat
has advanced from 90 cents in
March to 1871 cents yesterday.
There may be some slight recess
sions from the high point, as the
advance has been very rapid, but
anything like bad-weather scare
throughout the Middle West would
send wheat nearer to the dollar
mark than it has been since Letter
took a turn at the market. The
oaaz& . I,,anoa ord kho av1oIla N
The Lewiston teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1905, 1903-06-26
u REGRASS THE RANGES

IV HLuisiiV" ~O
oregon Railway & Navigation
experiments Demonstrate 1t Is
Possible.
There at least a million acres of
land along the line of the Oregon
Railroad g. Navigation Company in
Eastern Oregon, which at present
are used for range land, and for
which the bunch grass has almost
entirely disappeared, making the
lands almost valueless. The man.
agement of the Oregon Railroad
& Navigation Company has for the
last five years been experimenting
with different grasses and fodder
plants, with view to finding some,
thing that would grow and thrive
without irrigation and would make
good grazing land of the tract men,
toned, the rainfall being too light
to guarantee crop of grain.
Among the different grasses tried
bronze grass, has been found to
thrive and do we'll where there is
clay subsoil. Where there is "a
qravelly subsoil the moment hot
weather comes it dies. Among the
fodder plants tried the dry land
alfalfa proved a great success in
some arid districts, where there is
but eight inches of rainfall during
the year. 1t was found that the
alfalfa would produce four tons of
hay to the acre without irrigation
and leave Fall and Winter pasture
standing two to three feet high, on
which stock can run and feed
during the winter months.
This result was obtained from
ten different plots at wildly sep
arated points between Arlington
and Baker City.
So well pleased was Mr.. R. B.
Miller, general freight agent of the
Oregon Railroad & Navigation
Company, under whose supervi-
sion these experiments were made.
that he requested r. c. Judson,
industrial agent of the company, to
attend the state woolgrowers' meet
ing at PendIeton in March last and
promise to any of the members of
the association, who would agree
to put in the seed properly and
keep stock off it the first year, seed
enough to try plot on their own
farms in order they might be able
to determine whether this species
of alfalfa was adapted to their 10.
cality.
The result was that 81 packages
Of the seed were placed, covering
different sections in both Washing
ton and Oregon. The seed was
sown early in May; all who used il
promising to notify Mr.. Judsor
from time to time of the progress il
made. Already % letters have
been received by him, all stating
that the plants come up nicely and
are thrifty. 1t is the intention oil
Mr.. Miller to follow this matter uE
closely and If the returns justify he
will secure large quantity of seec
for distribution the coming fall
Mr.. Judson says the alfalfa ha:
come to stay. He has just beer
looking over number of field:
sown with it during the last two
years and reporti it AL in every re
spect. One rancher eight mile
from The Dalles on the Washing
ton side has a field of 90 acres on {
steep hill slope from which he Sc
cured as his first cutting IS tons o
hay and he will then let it grow
and pasture a lot of hogs an it mex
winter.
No ExcuSe fnr p0nr Streets
The Lewiston teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1905, 1903-06-26

Collins Coll and wife left yesterday
afternoon for Grangeville. ~here Mr..
Coll has extensive mining interests to
look after.
The Lewiston teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1905, 1903-06-26

JIM. Nelson. who has been sick for
some days has been removed from his
home in TOmany to the St. Joseph hos
pital. where he win receive treatment.
The Lewiston teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1905, 1903-06-26

The Clearwater passenger took shet-
land pony to ]. M. Pierce yesterday
afternoon.
The sun., 1903-11-01
A hoy ASTRONOMER.
He Is Said to Have Discovered New Group
OF Spots on the Sun.

A fifteen year old boy in Denver, named
a six inch telescope to excellent advantage
last week
The group Of sun spots discovered two
weeks before by tho astronomers OF the
Washington Observatory stimulated his
zeal to make observations on his own ao-
count. His work with one Of the In
struments In the observatory at University
Park. Denver, has met with great success
He has revealed near the uppor edge OF
the suns disk a group Of spotG as large as
those discovered by the Washington OBJ
servers.
This seems to be another illustration OF
special talent. descending in this case from
grandfather to grandson. Thirty-fve years
ago one of the most honored members OF
the faculty of Chicago University was
Prof. Alonzo j. Howe. He was noted for
his mathematical gift and for his remark
able faculty Of exposition.
His students used TO think that Prof
Howe could clear up knotty problem
with fewer words and simpler explanations
than ally other man. Hts powers Of analysis
were highly developed, and he always went
from one process to another In mathematical
calculation with logical precision.
The son. Herbert Alonzo Howe. inherited
Mis- fathers mental equipment and has
been professor Of astronomy In Denver
University since 1880. Ho has raede a
name in astronomical research and has
written books and many papers IN his special
field. Some Of his recent writings include
several new methods for solving "Keplers
Problem
His fifteen year old son. who mas dis
covered the sun spots, eeems to be follow
ing In the steps OF his father and grand
father.
The sun., 1903-11-01
STUDYING NIAGARA FALLS.
British Are Getting Points for Electrical
Installati tions in Africa.

Little mas been said about the arrival
In this country Of Sir Charles Metcalfe,
consulting railroad engineer of the British
South Africa Company, and j. F. Jones,
manager and secretary of the company
who have come from England on special
mission.
The Cape to Cairo railroad is drawing
nearer every day to Victoria Falls, the
famous waterfalls in the Zambesi River
II is intended to utilize this water power
to generate electricity for service in the
coal mines only few miles away and for
other purposes.
The principal purpose of our visitors
Is to go to Niagara Falls TO inquire into
the methods of the transmission of power
there and 70 collect information that may
be useful in the effort to turn he immense
energy of Victoria Falls tc good account.
The meeting Of the British Association in
1905 is to Se held at Victoria Falls and the
South Africa Company intends to expend
about S35, coo to give the members a free
trip and to entertain them comfortably
at the falls. England's men of science
will see there one of the wonders of the
world.
The broad Zambesi suddenly seems to
vanish into the bowels of the earth. Ages
ago a wide crack was opened from bank
to bank in the hard basaltic rock, and the
great river suddenly disappears in the
narre W, rocky chasm.
Az the bottom OF this deep rift in the
rocl, the engulfed waters emerge through
a narrow gullet on the left, which is thirty
six times narrower than the river above
the falls Any geologist would jump at
the opportunity to study this remarkable
freak of nature.
The effort is TO be made to put in at least
a part of the electricity plant before
the British scientific men arrive on the
ground.
Livngstones prediction with regard to
these falls and the surrounding region
is coming true. He believed. when he
discovered Victoria Falls, about forty
nine years ago, that the region thereabouts
was marked for special development.
He saw water power, coal abundant vege
table products. cattle, Intelligent, though
barbarous, natives, and other elements of
material progress. He said in one OF his
Looks that the world would utilize this
region some day, and his prediction is COM
ING true.
The sun., 1903-11-01
MACMILLAN WILL TRY AGAIN.
He VIII Ascend the Blue Nile to See ff 1t Is
Practicable Trade Route.

William Macmillan Of St. Louis is not dis
couragcd by the fact that his expedition
was wrecked last summer among the rapids
of the upper Blue Nile. He is already pre-
pairing for his next attempt to navigate
the thousand miles Of waterway Of the Blue
Nile in order to ascertain the practicability
of this route as commercial highway from
Khartou to the Abyssinian highlands.
shallow draught steam launch, seventy
five feet long, is now being built for Mr..
Macmillan in England. In December the
second expedition will start for Khartoum.
where the steamer will be put on the Blue
Nile and an attempt made to ascend the
river
The expedition will travel as far as possi-
BILE by water and then expects to follow
Nile on foot up into the Abyssinian noun
tains.
1t is not surprising that the explorers Q
boats we're wrecked in the swirling waters
Of the Blue Nile when the American at
tempted to descend the river last summer
He started near the place where the river
leaves Lake Tsana, on the mighty plateau
of Abyssinia. The river deecends the
western slope OF the plateau, falling 1000
feet before 1t reaches the plain, through
which it quietly meanders on Its slow and
peaceful way to the White Nile at khartoum'
OF course, there is no hops that the Blue
Nile can be used for navigation among the
mountains; but 1t is strange that all the as
poets Of the river between Khart oum and
the highlands were not studied long ago.
The Blue Nile is invaluable to Egypt.
The service 1t renders is quite distinct from
that performed by the White Nile. There
would be no Egypt IL 1t were not for the
White Nile, which brings its vast perennial
stream from the equatorial regions to over
flow the valley lands Of the lower Nile; but
the soil of Egypt would lack its inexhausu-
bic fertility were it not for the enormous
quantities OF silt brought down by the Blue
Nile in its tumu'tuous course from the Abys-
sinian plateau and spread over the fields OF
the Egyptian farmers. Tho White Nile
thus contributes most OF the water, and the
Blue Nile adds the fertillzing materialD
required.
In spite. however, Of It's influence upon
the fortunes of millions of people. the Blue
Nile is still little known. II Mr.. Macmillan
succeeds in completing its exploration his
work will have geographical value and per-
haps will show, besides, that tho Blue Nile
is destined 20 have economic Importance
oS n commerce Carfis~
The sun., 1903-11-01
NAY ENDOV ATHLETICS.
/ chicago University Scheme TO Purify
sport
From The Chicapo Rccord-Herald.

From The Chicago Rocord-Herdld.
Permanent endowment Of athletics and
nboiishing charges of admission to all foot
ball and other intercollegiate athletic games
in the West is proposed by the board of trus-
tees OF the University Of Chicago To this
end, a conference of the three leading uni
yersity presidents in the Northwest will
soon be held. President William r. Harper
will invite President ]. r. Angel of Michigan
and President c. r. Van Hise of Wisconsin to
consider measures to purify college athletics
in the West.
For several months the plan to do away
with the admission charges at the Univer-
sity of Chicago by endowing athletics has
been under consideration before the faculty
athletic board Of control and the board OF
only approach to ~ being in the manage
ment OF the Army-Navy games. From the
start President Harper and Director A. A.
We believe that many OF the admitted
evils of athletics arise. from the fact that
the item OF gate receipts enters into the
prSGf %hile not " ofiCialY stated it is estimated
that the endowment for athletics at the
University Of Chicago would 10 have to yield
understood that not only the Chicago busi-
ness men on the board are especially inter-
rsted but also John d. Rockefeller, Jr., the
active patron of the university.
Admission to the games by invitation is
the general plan for the actual working out
of the scheme. The invitation would be
standing for resident students. alumni and
vation for those invited. the gates would h"
thrown open to the public Immense crowds-
from 10000 TO 10000, according TO the esti-
modated at the new. field on the south side
OF the Midway, adjoining the medical school
hospitals. on the frontage recently purchased.
The sun., 1903-11-01
ROOFING OUT SLAVERY.
The Last Source OF Supply in Africa Of the
Slave Market Cut or.

The news from the Central Sudan last
week shows that the Europe an Powers are
at last in effective possession of all areas
in Africa which for many years supplied the
marke,, Of Turkey, Arabia, Persia, Morocco
and TripoH with slaves. Not until now have
the whites been in a position entirely to
suppress this export trade In slaves.
To-day however they command the entire
field Of supply and there is no doubt that
this traffic has received its deathblow.
The latest area Of slave supplies to be
brought under white influences is that
which furnished bondmen to Morocco and
Tripoli
Slave raiding for the benefit of outside
markets has little to do with domestic slavery
in Africa, which is likely to continue for
many years. The Germans are the only
people who. as yet have taken any steps
TO abolish domestic slavery.
Less than two years ago regulations were
adopted for German East Africa to enable
slaves to purchase their freedom. to require
masters to give all bondmen one-third of
their time in which to work for themselves,
and also to compel them to care for slaves
in sickness and old age :,
This is the first step in the policy adopted
by Germany, whose ultimate object Is the
abolition Of domestic slavery in German
Fast Africa. The institution of domestic
slavery is deeply rooted in the lives and
customs of the natives and many years will
doubtless be required to put an end to it.
The German explorer, Reichard, esti-
mated that 10000 600 blacks are held in
bondage in Africa. This may te an exag-
geration but slavery certainly perIneates
every part of barbarous Africa and slaves
are more numerous in many tribes than
free men.
The redeeming feature is that it is the
mIdest type of bondage. AS a rule, the
slave is we'll treated. 1t has been said re-
peatedly that less work was required from
the slaves on native plantations of the upper
Congo than is usually done by the free
natives.
These barbarous tribes cannot be Judged
bv our standards. One OF the most COM
petent observers in East Africa says that
If the slave rs we'll fed, well clothed, and is
permitted 10 marry to his liking he soon
forgets that he has father, mother, sisters
or children
SO, the Germans are moving slowly in
their Efforts TO root out the ancient institu-
ton. Their aim at present seems to be to
teach the slaves that freedom is worth
having and worth working for When
the slaves reach this stage Of development
they will be likely to appreciate freedom
when they get it.
The sun., 1903-11-01
MAN, MOOSE AND HAYSTACK.
A Tale OF the Hunting Proves OF Nimble
and ResOurceful Citizen.

KINGM =, Me-, Oct. 29-Fred Cox OF
Lowell, Mass. who has been hunting in the
woods near Mud Pond for few days, left
his guide in camp on Monday afternoon
and went out on the pond in a canoe to
call moose, taking his firearm along in a
canvas case. On the further side Of the
pond he received an answer and con-
tinued to call so seductively that a large
bull broke cover and began to swim out
to meet him.
When the moose was 100 yards away
Cox removed the case from his weapon
and found he had taken shotgun loaded
with birdshot instead of his rifle He
paddled within a few yards of the moose
and discharged both barrels into the
ANIMALS side.
Instead of turning to swim ashore, the
moose charged the canoe, and Cox had
to do some hard padding to escape being
drowned Finding the moose still vigorous
and very angry, Cox led his game toward
the middle of the pond and then turned
and padded to the shore as fast as he could.
He succeeded in climbing a haystack before
his pursuer could overtake him.
The moose charged the stack and made
the hay Gy But the stack was large and
high and Cox, feeling sure that help would
arrive in a short time, lighted his pipe and
began to smoke Before the tobacco had
burned down he saw that the stack was on
fire. Cox was scared then. But he threw
burning wads of hay upon the moose until
the animal was frantic with anger. Then
he slipped down the further side of the
stack through the flames, and escaping to his
canoe crossed the pond for help. On re-
turning half an hour later with his guide,
Cox found the haystack still smoking.
Lying nearby with his hair burned away
was the dead moose. On cutting the animal
open it was found that the moose had bled
to death internally from . wound inflicted
by the birdshot.
The sun., 1903-11-01

where mothers with young children to pro-
vide for have been ordered to cease work
until their houses were fit to live in, But
it has proved the greatest power in amelior-
ating the narrowing conditions there. The
people learn that II their places are not
kept clean their work will be taken away,
and the landlord knows that if his place
is not kept in repair his tenants will be
compelled to move.
Nine-tenths OF these poor workers are
foreigners in the first generation. Three
fourths are Roman Catholics. The estab-
lishment of the Catholic missions in the
upper part OF the city and the efforts OF
women Of means and resources to better
the conditions there have greatly aided
the labor inspectors in their work to OBJ
literate the workshops in the slums and to
elevate the conditions Of these foreign
workers.
As yet only tho garment workers have
moved uptown. The artificial flower max
ers, the cigar and cigarette workers and
the feather and fur repairers and laborers
are still centred in the lower part Of the
town.
This is largely due to the fact that most
OF their work is done at home. Young
Italian and Bohemian girls who have learned
to make flowers or curl feathers take their
work to their tenements and keep at It ali
day. and way into the hours of the night
in many cases.
No one knows better than the labor in
spectors how rapidly the sweatshop workers
are invading the upper part of the city.
Applications for the renewal of their licenses
are filed there every day. Women and
men give the same explanation:
we no live down there any more. Boss
have shops uptown"