davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-05-17
DUTIES OF THE MILITARY
A1TACHE AT WHITE HOUSE

In describing the duties which fall upon
Major Thomas w. Symons, who succeeds
Colonel Theodore Bingham as master OF
ceremonies at the White House, the
Washington Star says:
Major Symons comes to Washington to
assume the duties of officer in charge of
public buildings and grounds of the Dis
trict of Columbia, and when he takes up
his new duties he will be entitled to the
rank pay and emoluments of colonel of
engineers. This title. however, does not
give the slightest indication Of the duties
to be performed by Colonel Symons.
In the first place. in hts new office Col
onel Symons will serve as military aide to
the President. and as such he will have
direct charge of all the social functions
at the White House. position that has
been filled for the past five years by Col
onel Bingham Ii Will be Colonel Sy-
mons duty al all social functions at the
White House to assume direct charge or
all the arrangements. and. next to the
President himself. he will probably be the
most conspicuous parsonage In the en-
tire building. hurryng here and there to
see that every arrangement of pro-
gramme carefully worked out in advance
with trained military precision is carried
out without hitch. II Is the duty Of the
master Of ceremonies TO introduce all
proach him.
The social functions at the White
House, especially the large receptions.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-05-17

ceremonies at social functions at the
White House, Colonel Symons becomes
the custodian of the funds ana "paymas
ter general of the household" In other
words, all moneys appropriated by con-
sIess for the necessary expenses of the
W hite House are placed In the hands OF
Coionel Symons. and 1t is he who has to
cxpcnd every cent of 1t, personally pay
ms all bills and accounting for every cent
expended, from 20 cents for a pound OF
butter bought in emergency to thou
sards a. cellars for recarpeting the exc
cutive mansion. While he Is the disburs-
irg officer of the White House he Is i'll
no way the custodian of the property
within The mansion. nor is he responsible
for 1t, That function is performed by IA
stow;;d, who Is bonded to take care %
the property of Uncle Sam within the
walls of the executive mansion. The per-
sonal property of the Roosevelts is look
ed after by their own servants. This
steward cares for all the brlc-a-brac,
furniture, china, glass. plate and other
articles within the mansion belonging to
the government. When anything new is
needed Colonel Symons will be called
upon by the President to make the pur-
chase, but when II arrives at the White
House within few days Colonel Sy-
mons responsibility ends
But this American Pooh Bah has other
duties. He Is the military aide OF the
President. as was said at the outset.
This means that on every occasion when
the President appears In public. not. OF
course In his private strols through the
streets of the city. Colonel Symons must
don his full regimentals. respondent with
gold lace and with feathered chapeau.
and take his place at the Presidents
side. This. of course. brings him into an
intimate relation with the chief execu-
tive, being the cause that such an officer
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-05-17

cost of such passage is about $50 per
| passenger. The average man would spend
at least half OF that sum in caring for
himself if he stayed closely at home dur
ing the ten or twelve days, and he would
think he was a good manager If he made
a hasty business trip to Washington on
the other half.
As to his expense on the other side, 1t
is certainty that any American can
live comfortably abroad for less than
what he pays here. OF course he cannot
If he travels incessntly; but once the
haunting feeling lost that this is his first.
last and only opportunity there will be
no necessity for such hurry. He will see
before him vista of vacations. each
spent in exploring at his leisure some
small district of Europe, whence he will
return with nerves Gained, with sane
vision. with cool head and (this Is an
actual fact drawn from repeated obser-
vation) with not one penny less in the
bank than he would have had had he
stayed at home with the usual summer
expenses. man or a woman who can
afford vacation anywhere toutside, of
course, the regular two weeks CONNER
cial vacation can afford 1t In Europe
Suppose that three concrete examples
are taken as covering roughly the entire
field OF varying tastes. Take the case of
the man or woman who Is thoroughly
tired and worn with the excitement and
nervous strain OF one OF our terrible
American winters Of activity in all drec-
lions.
He has two or three months In which
to recuperate before the wear and tear
of an exactly similar winter begins.
There are dozen German towns. Of
the third and fourth class in popula ton.
where he can live. In greater comfort
than in any American boarding house OF
moderate prices. for not to exceed one
dollar day. For this price he has
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-05-17

Now let us imagine that gray, dim time
when there stood mighty forests OF fern
and other long past growths that we burn
today as anthracite. Picture waters that
experienced periodical drouths like those
Australian waters of today Now think
of those ancient water holes crowded
with struggling forms, and you see what
an advantage the existence of a lung
meant for the survival of the Ceratodus.
OF course you will object that the mere
fact that the lung was an advantage
could not produce one. Where did the
lung come from? Ceratodus shows u.s.
The lung did not fall on him from the
blue sky.
The true fish owns A well-known organ
the swimming bladder. This air-in-
| fiated bladder regulates his weight for
| him, giving him the same specific weight
as Is that of the water where he lives.
Anatomicallv this swimming bladder be-
longs to the ailmentary canal. In many
| fish there Is an air-connection with this
canal. The inference is simple that such
an air-flled sac might have served on
| occasion for taking air into the blood;
| that is for breathing.
In certain existing forms OF true fishes
We have found the little beginnings OF
such a development.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-05-17
Land Livers and Tree Climbers Of Burmah

! In the Ceratodus the development be-
/ camo complete
Along the wall Of the swimming blad-
der there began to form air-suckinE blood
vessels; the mouth of the bladder began
| to lengthen from the depths of the canal
| toward the mouth. as 1t was uoed more
and more to suck in air. The air passage
| became wind pipe. and the swimming
| bladder a luns.
Tho Final Growth of the Lung.
Now let us think farther. In the course
of centuries, perhaps, many centuries,
some of the water holes became entirely
advanced beyond the stage OF Ceratodus,
| the creature of one lung, needing at
| least some water.
| To picture any survivors, we must pic
| ture a creature that had gone beyond the
old Ceratodi-a creature that had reached
a still higher state of conformity to condi-
tions, like the African two-lunged fish
that can live in sun-baked mud.
And then another step The water dis
appears entirely and forever at last from
some of the holes The lzard-flsh that
had learned to breathe with their lungs
exclusively began to wriggle across coun-
try to seek wet places elsewhere.
Now geology tells us that at this time,
in the Devonian epoch, most areas of the
world held shallow waters that became
smaller and smaller steadily, partly from
evaporation and partly from draining
away in the sands that now form our
"old red sandstone"
When the Fish Became Amphibans.
The lizard-fsh had to wander oftener
and oftener farther and farther. The
! swimming bladder lungs became strength
ened more and more. At last they APP
peared only in the unripe forms during
incubation" ancestral portraits shown
today in the unborn birds, and more
plainly in the frog, while It is still a
''pollywog. only to disappear entirely
with growth.
The lzard-fish had become lizard, an
| amphibian!
They surely are not particularly agreea-
BILE or attractive animals, these lizard
| nsh.
| In the museum the layman would prob
| ably overlook them in his interest In the
mass of fishes that seem far more curious
and bizarre. And yet. how much hides
| behind these Oldest lung breathers In the
world
| Millions of years ago those lizard-fsh
| of the Devonian or the Carboniferous age
played their role in the great advance
ment of life. Then they became almost
lost They disappeared from the lands
where Culture. the ideal sun blossom OF
Nature. unfoded itself. No tie seemed
to remain between them and their last
survivors in the swamps of Africa or
South America and in the lost streams of
Australia, and the line OF light that be-
gan to arise in the life of earth far up
| ward from the animal
| And yet from this line of light from
| Culture. there grows one day the great
desire for knowledge. And after the
measureless procession of time 1t turns
back to the lizard-fish; 1t seeks him in
| his lonely Queensland wastes and helps
him to a wonderful resurrection.
1t is the true resurrection of Nature
| through the Spirit.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-05-17

The great step from gill-breathing to
lung-breathing Is the one that opened a
new world for the vertebrates. Now
this step Is not to be sought between man
and the lung-breathing amphibian. 1t
lies between the amphbian and the fish.
There must have been an animal once
that passed from one form to the other
the bridge between gill and lung.
The frog is a higher amphibian. We
must look to a lower form. Such a one
is the salamander. We must hunt liz
ard-fish.
Now our story Of evolution leads us
to believe that from the world of the an
cient amphlb.ans there sprang two great
branches-one became a land-walking
form, and, finally, man. The other be-
came the bird.
We know the link form between amphi-
bians and birds. 1t is the archaeopteryx,
the lizard-bird. Its remains are fairly
plentiful. We know that it had feathers
and wings a crocodile jaw with teeth, a
long lizard tail and lizards claws on its
wing bones.
The Lizard-Fish.
So the imagination must picture the liz
ard-fish as a half-and-half creature-a
thing with two lungs in its breast and
gills on its throat
In 1886 Johann Natterer discovered a
living creature in the Amazonlan swamps
that approached these requirements. II
had scales and was formed like an eel II
had fully developed gills, and it had also,
a fully-developed pair of lungs and all
the other apparatus for lung breathing,
including nostrlls.
Scientists We're still In bitter battle
about this paradox Nepidosiren Para
doxus they called 1t at last), when sim
liar fish was found in Africa
For thirty years the two creatures were
nightmares to science. Some declared
that they were fish, and the lungs belied
the finest theories. Some tried to rele-
gate them to the amphibians and they
upset the whole world of ampnibla
Then came Darwin. And In ten years
the world began to accept the two Great
ures as link-forms.
Through the fossils found then we
learned that in Il very remote period of
the worlds story, very near to the very
Oldest, the only existing representatives
OF vertebrates were fish. Then. in the
carboniferous age, millions of years ago
and yet long after that remote fish-age,
the amphibans appeared. Somewhere
between those two periods then, there
must have occurred the change of one
or more of the fishes to lung breathing
handwriting animals. That must have
been the great time of the lizard-fsh, II
the lizard-fish were the links
1t would have been fine then, had II
been possible to discover fossil remains
of lizard-fish. If one could have laid the
bones of the ancient creature alongside
the bones OF the living one and proved
their resemblance, the world would have
had valuable living. demonstrable
proof of the truth of evolution,
But 1t seemed as If no such proof would
ever be found None of the ancient fos-
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-05-17

Now Dr. Krefft held in his hand a
freshly captured thing that was not only
a ''llzard-fish," but actually had the teeth
of the lost Ceratodus.
Krefft did not hesitate to name his find
ceratodus Fosterii Later when the i'm
preston of the caudal end OF an extinct
Ceradotus was found and finally, when a
well-preserved skull of one was unearth-
ed, 1t was proved that the most unex-
pected things had happened-a creature
that had been accounted az extinct mil
lions of years ago, was living In the
world of today.
Yet for twenty years the knowledge of
the living Ceratodus remained meagre.
We learned that the creature used his
gills to live like a fish in water during the
rainy season, while In drouths he used
his lungs to help him live amphiban- like
in the shallow pools But no one knew
about his growth from the egg. And that
was of immense Importance for the study
of evolution
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-05-17

sil-beds showed a llzard-nsh,
Then. in 1869 the land of the living link
forms, Australia. produced 1t. And the
proof was a tooth.
one day Gerhart Krefft, curator of the
Museum of Sydney, Queensland, received
a big four-foot long carp-like fish. And
this fish had gills and scales but also Il
lung zone single lung
Now as DR.. Krefft examined the mouth
of the strange monster he found, not the
ordinary fishes teeth but only four big
teeth. with their crowns indented like the
comb of a rooster.
And such teeth had been found long be-
fore-fossil teeth belonging to the dim
past. The creature to which they had be-
longed was still unknown, but 1t had al
ways been classed with the fishes. Agas-
siz had christened the unknown beings
Notwithstanding Horn Teethers'
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-05-17
A SUMMER ABROAD.
Americans Can Spend Their Vacations
In Europe as cheaply as at Home.
From Golfers weekly.

From Golfers Weekly.
Every one knows that II costs him
something to live In this country. no
matter where he is. and every one knows
that living Is cheaper abroad than here
But the slight effort OF putting these two
facts together seems TO be too great for
the average mind which never fully takes
in the truth that. once arrived In for
eign country. an American can live more
cheaply there than here.
The cost of transportation Is. of course
one item to be taken into account. but
this is reduced by common sense figuring
to nominal sum To the tired seeker
after rest no eginnng of a vacation
could be more favorable than ten or
twelve days spent On a SLOW. comfortable
steai.-.si .. one of the smaller lines. The
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-05-17

is always selected for personal reasons.
Having cared for the many duties re-
quired by his attendance upon the Presl-
dent and the White House, Colonel Sy
mons will then turn his attention to the
other duties of his office, Officer in
charge OF public buildings and grounds"
Any attention that is needed by the
Washington monument. any OF the nu-
merous public buildings and the parks of
Washington must receive his attention.
Whenever new statue Is authorized by
congress for the national capital. Col
onel Symons must attend to its erection.
He must see that the trees and shrubbery
in the parks Of the city are properly
cared for, and that the various monu-
ments In those parks are kept in good
condition.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-05-17
Ancestral Portraits in the Eoc.

The early stages of development of lv-
ing things in the egg are enlightening
because many creatures in this undevel-
oped condition are so to speak, portraits
of their ancestors of past epochs. Take a
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-05-17

water lasts. When tho drouths come ne
cheerfully through his two lungs.
But the Ceratodus can live only In
streams that never go entirely dry His
one lung Is not so able as the two lungs
of the American feb.
Now where the Ceratodus lives, the ex-
treme Of drouth goes only SO far as to
dry the inain stream. leaving water holes
here and there. Into these holes crowds
everything that needs water to live.
Soon the densely-packed creatures ex-
haust the oxygen in the water holes.
The water becomes foul, and the Great
ures that have only gills are in dire trou-
BILE. Hordes of the true fishes die
But the Ceratodus remains well and
happy. He keeps his nostrils above the
surface and breathes the upper air with
his lung.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-05-17

chicken or n canary bird out OF an egg
that has only begun to lncubate. and we
find an object that has fln-like append
ages and gills.
SO for years Professor Haeckel urged
on the world of science the Importance
of studying the egg OF the Ceratodus. At
last Professor Richard Semon, Of Jena,
undertook the task. II kept him away
two years. 1t was a long fight Floods
and accidents robbed him of the fruits
of his labor time and again
But in the end he succeeded in studying
the Ceratodus step by step. And 1t was
proved at last that the creature devel-
oped, not as a fish, but as an amphibian,
passing through the same stages that
characterize frogs.
Mans Marine Ancestor.
So in the Ceratodus we now recognize
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-05-17

a good room. of a quietness perfectly
blissful to tired New York ears four
meals a day of hearty, wholesome Ger
man food his light and heat, and what
is almost sure to be the most quieting
and restful of company. He spends his
days out of doors walking or bicycling on
the excellent roads through a country
which, beautiful, historic and keenly in
teresting as 1t Is will make the trolley
parks. picnic groves or even golf links
of his usual summer resort seem tame
and uninteresting
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-05-17

a true survivor of the lizard fishes. and
thus an ancestor of MANTLE particular
ancestor whom we have to thank for our
lungs.
And the Ceratodus furnishes an illustra-
ton of how that lung developed from the
gills.
The African relative of the Ceratodus
swims merrily In the water and breathes
honestly through his gils as long as the
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-05-17
Mrs. winsIow's SOOTHING svr,,,

the best remedy for DIARRHOEA. Sold
by druggists in every part OF the world
BE sure and ask for Mrs. winsIow's
Soothing SYRUP" and take no other
mind. Has been used for over FIFTY
YEARS by MILLIONS of MOTHERS for
their CHILDREN WHILE TEETHINCl
with PERFECT SUCCESS. 1t SOOTHEs
the CHILD. sOFTENS the GUMS, AL
LAYS all PAIN. CURES WIND collie.
and Is twenty-five cents bottle
New-York tribune., 1903-07-07
Notice of Summons.

SUPREME COURT. NEW YORK COUNTY
isaac slmOns, Plaintiff. against Jacob Cohen, VIII
". CUtr ana Mary collier his wife the said
AT Mary being hcuIous. the real name OF the
te of ,he said defendant William ". Collier being IN
known P.an-iff Isaac Ruthfed. Arnett G; Smith Ie
feujauts To the above defendants and each or
tlum: hereby summoned answer he com
pIa1t IN his acion and to your answer
Iis lutG At,crEcys within
~ this summons exc usve Of the day Of service
u failure appear, answer, judg-
VIII be akeu against by default relief
demanded in the comp amt Dated New York May 22nd
I.S&
ALEXANDER ASH, Plaintiffs Attorneys. % william
Street. Borough OF Mania New YO.k
To the above named defendant William W. Collier: The
forcg ing summons * served
pursuant order or the Hon John Proctor Clarke
Justice Of the sup Court Of the State New
June 1908. fled with complaint IN the
Office of the Clerk OF New York County. the County
House Borough OF Manhattan. New York City
June l. 1908. Dated June 1903
ALEXANDER & ASH. Plaintiffs ATTORNEYS. 20 William
St-ee' Borough of Manhattan. New York city
New-York tribune., 1903-07-07
Surrogates' NOt1ces.

pERGEN, MARGARET AMIN PURSU-
Of order Of Hon; Abner G Thomas, Sur
roEate County OF New York. notice
70 ali persons having clsims against Margaret Ann
Berren late the County Of New York. deceased to
present the same with vouchers thereof. the
a
Wilmer & Canheld. No 4S Wall Street Borough OF
Msnh n City .; <ew York before
9th day August
ted FORK. February 1903.
MARY ELIZA NOE ZEDWTTZ ExecutTlx.
WILMER & CANFIEI.D. Attorneys Executrix No. -
Wall Street, New York CITY
New-York tribune., 1903-07-07
C,LARK. AMY LOursE HATFlELp.-lN

- pursuance OF an order OF Hon. Frank 7 Fi,z
gerald. surrogate Of the County Of New York notice
Is "a a rs having
I.puIs County OF York
deceased 70 present the with vouchers
tie e.bscT1beT place of LansarIng business.
lie o;il e sf CoFng White Wait Es4ures. attor
usyE No 80 WsE street the Borough 0f Manhattan
Of The City New YORK before the 2oJh day Of
OcIoOer nsI-
Dated New YORK. April 10 1903.
LIE ROY CLARK JR.. Executor.
COWING. WHITE WAIT, ATTORNEYS for Executor
No. 10 Wall street. Borough Manhattan. The CITY
of
New-York tribune., 1903-07-07
OF AN ORDER OF HON

YorA notiee is hereby given all persons having
benjamin HaXtun. Of County OF
New York deceased TO present the same with vouchers
subscriber place Of tranEaCttug bust
ness al Office Of EvaTts Tracy & Sherman No. So
wan Street. the City Of New York, before the
tenth day OF August next
Dated New York the End day OF February. 1908
HENRY SLEEPER HARPER, Executor
EYARTS, TRACY g. SHERMAN. Attorneys for Executor.
40. 81 Wall Street. kaunsttsas Nss York CziY,
New-York tribune., 1903-07-07
PAWNBROKERS' SALES.

The Tribune received at their Uptown
Once No. 1864 Broadway. between Both
and 37th SITS. until o'clock D. m. Adver-
Offices a regular office rates until s o clock
p. m. viz: 254 Sth-ave., S. e. cor. 23d-st-; !;
153 6th-ave.. cor 12th-st-: % East 14th-st.; /;
New-York tribune., 1903-07-07
ROOF REPAIRING.

ROOFS Repairing; metal painting:
4'SN@ guaranteed. American Roofing
y Maiden La & Paint Co. Tel 1914 r John.
New-York tribune., 1903-07-07

YOUNG MAN. 81. Danish. we'll educated
in the country. servant: able 70 do
waiting and driving; fine treatment pre-
ferred 70 big wages. Call between - and
every day. 1.l94 1st-ave. Gath and e5th
sts room Al
New-York tribune., 1903-07-07

COOK. Sc--By Thoroughly co-nurte~-
woman, good plain cook. plain wasting
light housewOrk. reliable and efficient fv
small family. references. DOWNEY. %
East 76th-st.
New-York tribune., 1903-07-07
IN PURSUANCE OF AN ORDER OF HON.

Frank T. Fitzgerald a Surrogate OF the County OF
New York, is hereby given all persons having
claims against Ruth Ethel Scott late OF the county OF
New York deceased present the with vouchers
the subscriber her place OF transactins
Office OF William r. Wilcox No. 80 Nassau
Street. the City OF New York. before the first
day September
Dated New York, the second day OF February, 1908
GEIJRGIANA 9. LYON. AdministratrtI.
WILLIAM r. WILCOX. Attorney for Administrative
No. 81 Nassau Street. New York City.
New-York tribune., 1903-07-07
AUCTION SALES.

BY VIRTUE OF EXECUTION. l will ex-
pose for sale at public vendue, on Tues
day, the 7th Of July. 1903, at 1890 a. m.
at q Diyision-st.. a lot Of cloak fixtures
and machines. A. L. BI4AU, City Mar
New-York tribune., 1903-07-07
MASON. THOMAS HENRY.-IN PURSU.

OF order Of Hon Abner c Thomas sur
notice is hereby given
persons having claims against Thomas Henry Mason
cf Of deceased, tho
ssme vouchers thereof the subscriber at her
place trGnsactng business. the office Of James L.
bishop attorney, No 135 Broadway. IN he City OF
New York before fourteenth day of July next
Dated New York the seeond day u January. 1905
EMMA J. MASJN Executrix.
JAMES l. BISHOP. ,rney fo- Execrx. 1875 Brad.
way, York City.