davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18
WHAT DOES EDUCATION MEAN?
Difficulty in Defining Just What the Word Signifies

What is education2 It takes an edu-
Gator TO tell, and even he does not al
ways give the answer that satisfies us.
We hear of men who are finely edu-
Gated" they may be walking encycIope-
dias, ready at a moments notice TO an
swer all kinds Of abstruse questions on
all sorts of subjects, but they seem to
be of little use in the world to them
selves or others. They are repositories
of passive knowledge. but are they edu-
Gated?
The Brooklyn Eagle" has asked 40O
prominent educators to formulate a
working definition of education and to
express an opinion as to how much OF
the work of education public schools
ought to supply and how much the home,
the church, and other social institutions
should provide. The first installments
have been published, and the others will
appear IN regular order until the con-
tributions to these symposia are ex-
hausted
President Hadley tells US that the
word is used in two different senses.
For the narrow one he considers Web
steT's definition a good one In the
broad sense it includes every exercise
Of activity which is valued. not for its
direct results. but for its indirect eff
fects upon the capacity of the man who
is engaged therein" That perhaps viii
bear analysis and repay study, but it
viii hardly do for a working definition.
John Dewey, professor OF education in
the University of Chicago, says that ed
dorsed by other educators and interest
ing for its bTeYity and epigTammatic
quality, is FATHER a proposition than a
definition It does not particularly illu-
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18

Just what effect the free-coal meas
ure will have remains to be seen, but
the operators will be fools if they fail
to hearken 10 this omiEous warning.
They have. day after day and week after
week, pleaded that they were doing the's
best to supply the demand for coal, while
the truth is they nave been holding up
the supply. not satisfied with three times
the normal price, but looking for four
and Eve times that figure.
Outside Of New York. outside OF Chics-
90. and doubtless outside of other cities.
are hundreds Of carloads OF coal while
the people of those cities are suffering,
many of them begging for bueketfui O.
the fuel to keep them from freezing. It
Is no use for President Baer, of the
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18
In the Public Eue.

Admiral Gervais Of the French navy.
who has just been placed on the reserve
list, having reached the limit of age,
has been more distinguished for his
diplomatic successes than for his VIC
tories on the sea, although when the
French fleet was forced into inaction in
1870, he commanded a company Of Marine
Fusiliers in the battles fought around
Paris. He has been the guest of several
European mOnaTchs, and on his return
from St Petersburg in 1891 as the naval
pioneer Of the Franco Russian alliance,
he spent a week with Queen Victoria at
Osborne.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18
More Generally Observed.

more generally Observed.
But he has since had the satisfaction
OF seeing his example followed by the
various other crowned heads Of Eyrona
and this custom OF interchange of visits
become a regular practice among Old
World soveTeigns. Thus Emperor Mich
olas shortly after his accession to the
throne visited Queen Victoria. Emperor
Francis Joseph, the Kaiser. the King of
Denmark, the President Of the French
Republic, and is now about to paw his
respects TO King Victor Emmanuel and
to Leo XIII at Rome. King Victor En-
manuel has visited st. Petersburg and
Berlin since his accession. and is due
this summer both in Paris and in Eng
land. Young King Alfonso Of Spain is
shortly to set forth on a tour OF visits
TO the various courts Of Europe. while
the King Of Portugal has recently re-
turned to his dominions from tour
which included visits to the Kaiser at
Berlin, to Francis Joseph at Vienna. 20
King Edward at Windsor. to the Presf-
dent of the French Republic at Paris.
and TO King Alfonso at Madrid.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18
HAPPY DAYS.

Sing a song of happy days comm up the
slope
All the country IisteHin' to the tfnkIn'
bells or Hope;
Happy III the meadows and happy by the
streams,
And happy in the daytime. and happy
in our dreams.
Sing. a song Of happy days, climbin up
the hills,
Singiu' in the breezes and ripplin in the
riIls;
Happy on the housetops, and happy on
the sod.
And the happy world a rollfn' to the
happy gates Of God.
Atlanta Constitution.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18
Visit MAY Have Political Results.


Taking it for granted that the crown
prince viii make friends with every
body at the Russian court, especially
with the Emperor and Empress, I would
draw attention to the political results of
this visit
It is all very well to underrate the
value Of the feelings of personal sym
pathy between Old World sovereigns as
regards their effect upon international
relations, and to deprectate the import
ancc of crowned heads as factors in the
situation. IN every monarchicaI country
Of Europe the final and ultimate dt-
rection of its foreign policy and re
lations rests with the monarch Even
in England King Edward has the last
say, and no important dispatch commit
ting the British government to any
foreign policy can be sent out by the
secretary of state for foreign affairs
without having received the approval Of
King Edward. Everyone remembers how
Queen Victoria declined to permit the
dispatch Of the message which Lord
Russell and his cabinet had drawn up
for communication To the United States
Government concerning the Trent affair.
and which. if sent as written, would
have inevitably resulted in war between
the two countries.
As long as monarchs continue to exer-
else the supreme direction OF the for
efgn relations OF their respective govern
ments. so long viii the ties of relation
ship and the bonds of personal friend
ship uniting the various rulers, contrib
ute to avert war, and TO maintain that
peace which is one OF the most import
ant elements of prosperity, progress and
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18

ing for his father and grandfather had
elapsed, and that he was manifesting
too great an anxiety TO flaunt his newly
acquired sovereign dIgnities at those
foreign courts where he had been for
merly treated as a rather negligible
quantity, and in course of time his sub
Jects began to grumble- His Prussian
heges declared that he spent more of
his time travelling abroad than h. did
IN his own dominions, and they nick
named him Wilhelm der REESE" OWL
liam the TraveIer).
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18
THE COAL SITUATION.
People Believe the Operators Alone Are Responsible.

Reading, and the men at the head Of the
other coal-carrying railroads and coal
mining companies TO declare that they
are not responsible. They and their al
lies are guilty of an inhuman outrage.
one the American people viii never con
done. never forgive.
The whole American nation viii az.
plaud this action OF the United States
Congress and of President Roosevelt.
The free-eoaI act must now be followed
by a thorough investigation of the meth
DDS that have been employed BY the on
orators since mining vas resumed in the
anthracite region The peopIa bAIie,,s
that a grievous wrong has been done and
the people VIII not be satisfied until
that wrong is ighted.-BaItimore Amer
lean
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18

significant Of the present temper Of men
who are ordinarily law-abiding citizens.
There is a gathering desperation of the
public, OF which those upon whom its
wrath may possibly fall should promptly
take heed
These citizens who take coal from
the railroads are not acting differently
from the railroad corporations which
claim and exercise a privilege OF ap-
preparation to their own use Of coal
intrusted to them as carriers only.
Whenever they do this. they set an ex-
ample which may be followed by others
20 their great loss and harm.-Bostor
Herald
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18

But it was not until the present EN-
peror William came to the throne, now
near fifteen years ago. that the system
of interchange Of visits between sover-
eigns became regular practice
When William. shortly after assuming
the reins Of government, started off on
a round Of visits, which were IN most
cases unlimited, as he was not popular
in those days. he came in Tor q good
deal Of criticism, both at home and
abroad. 1t was claimed that he should
have waited until the period of .hourn-
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18
A Scheme That Failed

What's that about Rockmore being
killed on shooting expedition? I
thought he had q scheme that would
make him perfectly safe"
He thought he hal You see he had
a shooting costume made Of bright red
50 he couldn't by any possibility be mis-
taken for a deer, and he IncautiousIy
crossed a pasture where there were some
cows"
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18
UnCOnSideTed TTifleS
Other Chimes, Other Customs.

Z suppose" said the suburban resi-
dent, trying to make Lariat Jim feel at
home. 1t would seem more natural 70
you il we were TO have a shooting match
out in the yard. tomorrow-
Don't trouble yourself, brother-in-
law" interposed the visitor, hastily.
'Shootin' matches is good fer them as
knows how. but I notice hereabouts you
generally shoots the innocent bystand-
er- Sport is one thing, and carnage is
another
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18

kept your hat on The other gentle
men are bareheaded-" "AII except the
King. mother he corrected. i
watched him, and when I saw that he
didn't take of his hat I kept on mine.
because. Of course. he knows better
than anyone else what's the right thing
to do
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18
Serious Prospects.

Chaperon-I see that the War De
partment is going TO keep complete
record OF every officers career. his con-
duct in engagements
West Point Maiden-Oh. horrors! 7
wonder if they'll want to know the girls
name?
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18
Cementing Ties of Friendship.

Now, these ties of friendship can best
be cemented by personal intercourse and
interchange Of views between the an
nointed Of the Lord
To what extent their personal feelings
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18

Hall Gaines youngest son. Derwent.
showed his mother a snapshot Of a
scene taken on the occasion of King
Edwards last visit 10 the Isle Of Man
The boy was a prominent figure IN ehe
picture, and Mrs Cain said in a shocked
tone: I'm surprised to see that you
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18
A Word to the Cautions

Timid people will do well to remember
that in the long run either side Of the
fence is safer than the top, besides be-
ing more comfortable.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18
IN THE COURTS AND CAPITALS OF THE OLD World


tn etofy Much
Kaiser WlhenH tie GeatTravHe-Persan onowss
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09
Is This Englishnlan Right?

T grant you said an Englishman who knows New York pretty well, 'I grant you that your restaurants and cafes are about as swell as anyone can find the world, but you keep them all too hot, dOnit you know. You aim at beirg bright and shovy and ali that sort of thing, you know, but there IS such a fault as having too much glare and ornament.
 You understand, my dear fellow, I'm not saying this In a spirit of lnsular prejudice, because I like many of your ways awfully, indeed I do, but its fact, nevertheless that you haven't yet discovered the art of dining cooly. Look at thls place now Cor geous as a fairy grotto and Louis Quinze saloon combined, but perfect sweat bath, don't you know, and you can't help it-with hundreds and hundreds of lights-no mat ter If they are electric, every Inch of the wall incrusted with ornamentation, pictures and mirrors all over, and drGperies at every ap erture and recess. Is 1t any wonder that 1t is stuffy hereY And then there are the boilers, or the pipes or whatever the deuced things are called that serve 10 make the place as hot as the internal regions and make 1t as much as your precious life is worth to go from one of these places Into the open air.
 Now. don't mind my saying so, dear boy. 4 hut l think that beautiful and bright as these cafes and restaurants ure they offer very good Illustration of your prevailing characitenistic-that of overriding things. There's too much ornament, too much gilt ter and, above all things, too much warmth. Really, there is, you kDow.'
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09

The northernmost railroad in the world has recently been opened for traffic. The line penettates about 100 miles north of the Arctic Circle. The northernmost railroad station Is ar Victoria Haven, on the Ofoten Fiord, on the Atlantic ocean, The southern terminus is Lulae, on the Gulf of Bothnia' The total length of the line Is about 250 miles.
 The eastern part, between Lulae and the famous mlnr at Gelliyare, A miles north or the Arctic Circle, has been in operation TOT more than 1s years. It has now been ex- tended to the Atlantic Ocean, to facilitate shipments of iron ore. Lulae on the narrow arm of the Baltic, Is closed by Ice for seven or eight months every year. At Victoria Haven. however, there Is not only deep water for the largest vessels, but, like all the Atlantic ports of Norway, 1t is lce-free the year rourd. so that ore may be for warded every month to the blast furnaces
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09

that the Psalms were collected Into English meter by Thomas Sterns, John Hopkins and others; also with the Hebrew, with suitable notes to sing them. The notes are diamond shaped and are arranged on q stan of i've lines haglng a clef not unlike the modern tenor. Each note is open, and the stem when used proceeds from the apex of one diamond.
 The Bible was brought to the United States In 175O by Benjamin Cromwell, great-unele of its present owner. During the war of 1so0-e5 he was in Charleston, s. C., where 1t was kept buried for four years In the ground by Mir. cromwell's father, for fear the blueeoats would get 1t.
 The metricsl arrangement of the Psalms contains title page which states that the volume was printed Cum prlyiegis regis Maiestatls,"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09
COIored Rain.

The curious phenomena of colored rain, which occurs in various parts of the word, has at last been explained In some eases the coloring matter Is found to be nothing but the pollen dust shaken out of flowers on certain trees at such times as a strong w,rd was blowing over than. Fir trees and ey- press trees when grouped together In large forests at certain seasons of the year give off enormous quantities of pollen, and this vegetable dust Is often carried many miles through the atmosphere by the wind, and frequently falls to the earth in q shower of rain. The microscope clearly reveals the origin of such colored rain, which has cn more than one occasion puzzled and mysri- fled the inexperienced.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09

Mir. c. A. Cromwell of Port Stanley, Ont, bas in hs possession 2 Bible which Is BIZ years old, fact whch in itself is enough to make the book remarkable but the his- tory of the volume is still more remarkable. The Bible was owned by Oliver Cromwell, the Protector, and is in all likelihood the one read by him to his soldiers during the English civil wars of the seventeenth cen tury, The present owner is 2 descendant of the great oliver. For generations the old Bible has been treasured in the family as an heirloom. There Is tradition in the Crom- well family that the Bible was owned by Oliyer's father before 1t passed Into the hands of the Protector.
 The old Bible was printed in 1501, and presents all the characteristics of the six teenth century books. It is a 1Gmo volume
 bound in leather and is nearly three inches thick. Evidently the bookhinders of that day made their books with very weak backs,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09

In the village of Bayandour, in the Cauea- sus. lives A man named Ivan Aslamazof, who few weeks ago startled the commu- nity by cutting the throat of his seven months-old son on the threshold or the church. He was at once arrested and taken before a judge, whereupon he gave an ex- traordlnary explanation or his conduct.
 A few years ago he said, he was very sick. and one night St. John appeared to blm In a dream and took him into valley, where he saw God seated on throne of gold. The Almighty, he copHnued, then said to him.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09

for that portion of the old Bible Is so doubled and bent that the back edges of the cover touch each other, thus throwing the front of the pages in the middle of the volume, half an inch out beyond the covers edge. The lining of the cover Is coarse canvas. Oliver's thumbs and the thumbs of Crom- wells following have left eloquent marks on the old volume.
 Notwithstanding the great age of the Bible 1t has nearly as many supposed modern im- provements as the latest Oxford. The edges of the pages are bordered with columns of reference notes in the style current today. These marginal notes are not so numerous, however, as in modern Bible Between the Old and New Testaments are the Apocrypha md at the close of the New Testament Is subject Index. Perhaps the most curious part of the volume Is the metrical arrange ment of the Psalms with which 1t closes.
 The preface to this part of the,work states
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09
Seaweed Hat.

A hat has recently been fshed up out of the sea on the English Coast which nature has been trimming for some years after q design all her own. In form this piece of sea millinery resembles a complicated diving helmet.
 The color scheme of the decoration Is very of colors with considerable harmony of ef- feet, The hat spent long time at the bot
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09
CAUCASUS TRAGEDY.

"Ivan, will restore your good health to you, but In time you will have son, and as soon as he is seven months old you must offer him up as a sacrihce." Aslamazoff said that many times since then he had prayed God to spare his son, but that, as the Almighty made no response, he considered it his duty to sacrifice him.
 His story made great impression on the people. and the general opinion was that he had acted like saint and that the authori- ties had no right to arrest him.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09
Longest Stairway.

Among long staireases the world over none, 1t is safe to say is so long or difficult of ascent as Jacobs Ladder This remark able flight contains more than seven hundred steps, all rising with the same lift in the same direction. The steps rise at an angle of exactly forty-hve degrees.
 "Jacob's Ladder" aseends a particularly steep hill at St. He,ena. The steps are, natu- rally the most direct route to the summit
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09

FnOIogfaph.
 The spider Is commonly considered Ioath- sorie little creature. The portrait shows one in the act of smiling The impression 1t commonly makes is entirely changed. The smile appears to be open, not to say affable. It wlI, of course, be understood that this expression cannot be detected or appreciated with the naked eyes on casual meeting.
 The portrait was obtained with micro sc0pe. A great many interesting poses. or s,ttlngs were obtained In this way, but none Is on record which present this engaging smile.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09
LARGEST PIECE OF MANUFACTURED ICE.

Science has improved considerably upon nature In making fec The machinery for ice has been so perfected of late that huge cakes of ice may be frozen literally as clear as crystal Blocks of ice with a surface of one hundred square fee. have been frozen practically without flaw,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09

The best machinery for lee making has been invented in the United States and Its form Is largely initiated the world over. A novel scheme for Illustrating the perfect quality of the ice made by the new processes is to photograph various objects through these huge cakes.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09

The largest class In gymnastics iu the world, 1t Is safe to say, was assembled re- gently in Switzer and More than five thou
 sand men, all trained athletes. wera in- clLded in this army. Tha occasion was inc National Athletic Festival of tho Swiss.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09
GYMNASTICS ON A GIGANTIC SCALE.

an Identical uniform, suggested vast crop of some kind planted with remarkable regu- larlty. At given signal the entire army performed drills with Indian clubs and dumb bells, every figure In the vast field keeping perfect time.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09
Spiders Smile.

One gains an entirely new idea of the char acter and disposition of the spider from the accompanying portrait. The resemblance IS absolutely faithful. since It Is from an actual
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09

Two thousand five hundred dollars worth of feathers have been taken from a single ostrich during it's lifetime.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09
NORTHERNMOST RAILROAD.

of England and Germany. The mines at Gellivare yielded s000OO tons of orc In the year 1899, md 1000, ,O0o,0 900 tons last year. The quantity Is expected to be largely in- creased DOW that there are better facilities for getting the mineral out of the country. The Swedish ores are regarded as among the best steel ores in the world, but they are difficult to reduce because of the phosphorus In them. As Sweden has no coal with which to smelt them, she sells most of the ore to England and Germany.
 Jupiter has forty-nve hundred eclipses of its various moons in one of It's years.
 The St. Lawrence River is closed by Ice four months In every year.
 Paris has the biggest Abt of any city ia the world. It amounts to $400,000,OOo.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09
The Kings Double.

President Mckinley had a remarkable double. So has President Roosevelt. If you
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09

An enormous building was commenced in England some years ago for the purpose of housing forty thousand Hebrews. It was called Jezreels Tower. The work was enthusiastically carried on until the walls had risen to the height of several stories.
 How many floors would have been re
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09

traversed daily by hundreds of wayfarers. There are said to be many persons who from long practice are able to ascend the steep stairway at rapid pace without once stop hing fo- breath W
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-08-09

The accompanying illustration Is repro duced from a photograph taken through the largest piece of artificial ice ever frozen
 At Hammerfest, In Norway there ars twenty eight days of midwinter on whicf the sun does not rise tb bove the horizon.