The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-09-02

Mr. Murphy began boldly on the race
 ss and ss sss on Usf hs ass ssS tect is forcibie and convincing. He says: The doctrine of race integrity. the re- Jection of the policy of rac.al fusion, is. southern life. It is true that the animal ism of both races has sometimes att tackled 1t. The formative dogmas of a civiiization are reflected. however. not in the institutions, the habits of the many. This dogma of the social segregation of these races. challenged sometimes by times by fault of the white man, Is ac- cepted and approved and sustained by the great masses of our people, white and black, as the elementary working hypoth- ss.: cf civilization in our Southern
 Mr. Murphy goes on to show how this has worked good to the negro race as well as to the white:
 It's members upon their own powers and has developed the qualities of resource fulness.s The discriminations which they their slavery. and sa Wsich have W esta5iished sHs the apartness of their group-life. are the determinations which are curing the curse of siavery-an undeveloped initia- gifts of freedom. the power of personal and social self-dependence. The very pro- cess which may have seemed to some like a policy of oppression has, in fact re- suited in process of development"
 In admirable temper, but with pointed emphasis. Mir. Murphy touches upon a national inconsistency that has worked injustice to the South:
 The very theory of emancipation was that the fate of the black man, was the responsibility of the nation. Yet the is- sue Of war left the negro, in his helpless the South. with the gravest problem of our civilization challenging her existence ana her peace. was expected to assume the task of the education of two popuia- tfons out of the poverty of one. I con- fess that think the conscience or the South has something to say to the cun- science and the opuience of the nation when;; ;,Mt with millions; mil for battleships. tens public buildings, and tens of millions for rivers and harbors. the nation allows the academic fabric of paper theories to stand and the human appeal, North or South, or East or West, of the children of its clt- izenship. A democracy which Imposes an equal distribution of political obligation equal distribution of educational oppor- tunity."
 MT. Murphy finds that our educationa reduction. and calls attention to the fact that there is not Southern State which has hot largely reduced its illiteracy within the twenty years from 1880 to 1900. W Ihic IAhodC tS Iitc OIiiy NCW EIb- land State which has not added both to the per centage and to the aggregate Of its male illiteracy' since 1880. your figures must include the foreigner" he
 In conclusion Mir. Murphy indicates the share that our modern scheme of cduca- ton should have toward remedying the prevalent evils of lawlessness and bar paric violence. We quote this passage as an admirable expression of the dangers of the mob to the civilization of this country:
 The schools of people. the schools of a real people, must he, primarily. not the moral gymnasla of reminisceHce, or the transcendent platforms of future outlook; They must touch this days earth. and this days men through the truths and the perfis of today. They must be in- structors of the contemporary civic con science. And, in this hour. I take 1t, therefore. a simpler, reverence for the institutions and the processes of public order For long time We have heard erty. but if democracy be not also an in- stitution of public order, liberty will not long be an institution of democracy. Where minorities, mob minorities-NorIh administer the laws of the majority, the elementary compact of democracy Is dis solved. The mob which abandons the processes Of social self-controi weakens conquers crime. and increases by Its fe- rocitie the very animalism fl has attempt ed to destroy. Its instructions in horror touch the minds of tens of thousands. its barbarities burn today the guilty and set afiame the hates and humors which to- morrow burn the innocent.
 
 Our schools must teach our children what their country Is. Our schools, North and South, must help men to see that lib- erty of government means that there Is no liberty except through being governed; that being governed and that being. gov- ernable are largely the measure of our distance from the jungle; that gov erned and governable people when chal- lenged by the sickening atrocities of a crime. by the torturing spectacle of lust and hate. first have sober recourse to the thought, not of what is due to the criminal, but of what is due to their civ iization, their country and their chill dren,"