davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1903-09-23
Water AnalVzed.

The following is the analysis cf water
taken from spring on the farm of Mr.. E.
j. Matthias, near this place:
Laboratory No. 5492
Sample of water (sprjng).
Received August 6, 1908
From E. j. M Mathias Lexington, S G.
Grains q. s. Gallon of 231 Cubic Iaches
Sodium Carbonate. 9 152
Calcium Carbonate ..... 2 018
Magnesium Carbonate. 1877
Lithiurl Carbon-te. -. CAT
Sodi' n Phosphate -. .425
Potas sinm >ulphate -. 1927
Sodium Chloride . .t67
Iron Sesquloxide and AL
umln2 n2............. Wy
Silica. a..................2 134
1895
Parts Per Million,
Actual Ammonia. ). .052
AIbum;niod Ammonia .26
Nitrogen as Nitrate. None.
Nitrogen as Nitrite. None
A good, pure, slightly alkaline water. con-
tanning an appreciable Quantity Of hthia.
Respectfully,
NJ. c. HARDIN,
Chief Chemist.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1903-09-23
For Sale.

Cattle all grades for beef and milk.
I. V. Wessinger.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1903-09-23
Second Week Jury, September
Term, 1908.

s1WOSe - 49, ~
Term, 1908.
Irwin Riainger, Jonas Corley,
Milton Sharpe, J Larence Jumper
J Eugene Lorick, Noah II Taylor,
Joel 81 Geiger, John B Stack,
Martin L Ly brand, Murry Parnell,
Geo M Lewis, Geo F Lsitzsy,
James F Price,s Jacob F Lindler,
r Perry Slice, Geo q Koon,
Arthur N Dreher, NJ N Kleckley,
Geo w Derrick, Simeon P Corley,
Willie Z Hicks, Jno j Younginer,
} B Jumper, Jacob Il Saylor,
John B Reed, CD Rucker,
Homer Woods, Ansel D Fallaw,
Eugene G Williams, Oliver B Addy.
Marshal Shealy, Geo D Oxner,
Thad W Dreher, Luther j Hook,
Thos j Roof, Thos O Wilson.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-08-16

ufher exchange. me sxcnsngg Va called
up over the branch wire By the opsfntoP
who received the caA and the operator &C
the branch exchange completed the eonnec.
ton. This was called ..trunkiug."
1t was decided shortly after the Law
system was adopted, TO do away With the
branches. All Of the business was conduct.
ed at one exchange, located at the south.
east corner Of Fourth and Pine streeta.
over the Mechanics Bank. A switchboard
was constructed there with 4 capacity foF
1.S00 subscribers.
Tho business Increased. hoWovoe. b0yond
the capacity OF the sxchangs and Is ~
1t became necessary to opan Z hrauch a
No. $3.50 Lfndell ayenuo, called sTlndell -
The company by this time hsd Aeo1 suh.
scribers. go
When the business was seartsA NJ ,e,ea
were used. The wires wore strung a. ~
roofs Of houseA - - =,
No objection was made q nrst ~ ne
property owners. but latse thsy teeSa =
complain The Annoyance q havfneo ~
repair men going through The house, =
climbing up outside 70 rot on he rpoea -.
came 20 great that In some caeoa ~ -.
sons occupying the hoses rsfuee0 = ailsv
the Hnemen on the premises.
Tho company was relieves - 49, -
tent h this respect b. tn fnos ~ -,
OF the eityss wires Wer also etrune - ~
houses. and the Ben men ueed s - -.
mittAnce by representing that they - "a
the employ OF the city. a = :. !.
Tho matter was finally ad1ursea =. -.
use Of poles for stringins tn Wlfea vhfsS
was begun b ~ $50.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-08-16

usfng phones. There was no meanp Of a.
pertaining this but for the boy to remove
the plug Of the connecting wire from the
wall phone and insert the plug Of his call
phone, and listen to ascertain II the sub
scribers were still talking II they were.
he would restore the connection.
II he heard nothing he would call of and
the operator would remove the connecting
wire.
Sometimes the connection would be dis
rupted before the subscribers were through.
Ono Of the subscribers might be looking up
some information asked for by the other
and they would not be talking when tho
boy tested the phone. Il would then b
necessary to ring up again.
Much annoyance was also caused to sub
scribers by the phones being tested. be-
cause Of Interruptions while talking.
FIRST COMPANY
CAPITALIZED IN $50.
With all it, drawbacks, however. the
business increased from the INST and be-
came popular.
In 1879 the Ben Telephone Company Of
Missouri was formed and capitalized for
100000 The stock was all taken. Mr..
Durant was made general manager. which
position he has since held.
In the next i've year, i've branch o6lces
were started: "Len1ngwell," on Lefnngwell
avenue between Washington avenue and
Locust street; .Cass Avenue" At Twelfth
street and Cass evenue; "Rutxer." at Third
and Rutger streetA, and one In Carondelet
and East st. Louis
In le8 Mr.. Durant tsofganised The bod
mess and adopted the Law system
Ena1 Xaa . Hyae 1vegyensnk
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-08-16

The operator was supplied WIN mum.
Der Of connecting phones, which he kept
with the wires around the back of his
neck and the plugs hanging In front Of his
shoulders on either side
When the boy called the numbers to the
operator he ran to the phone called for
and rang up the subscriber.
This was done by turning crank. the
same as when subscriber would call The
only difference was that when sub
scriber was called from the operating
room bell which was attached to his
phone rang.
SOME DISADVANTAGES OF
THE OLD SYSTEM
There were no separate receiver and
transmitter The same phone was used for
talking and hearing. When q person using
phone would speak to the person at the
other end OF the wire he would place the
phone to his ear to catch the reply.
Much difncuity was encountered IN an
sWefing calls which would come IN while
connections were being made. Both boys
might be engaged In calling UP . subscrib-
or. and would not hear the click Of drop.
Tho subscriber had no other means Of at
tracing attention and was compelled to
wait
In order % keep track Of calls ths boys,
when not answering, would have to keep
scrutinfxins the wall. to see II any drops
were down.
A subscriber would sometimes be kept
waiting for . considerable time. and when
finally boy would call hello would sny
wanted.
Another dinaculty encountered was d a.
04eA3n1n9 NAA auhgcx1beTU NgZa thxuueA
IL ! =
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-08-16

wNaTTEN FOR THE SUNDAY REPUBLIC.
Among the many distinguishing features
Of st Louis. Worlds Fair City. is that Of
being flrst In the application OF telephony
tosths general use Of the public.
ID Ct. Louis was frst placed in operation
thS system Of having telephones centralize
1t Z common point and be connected. thus
establishing general telephone communica-
ton
TO George F. Durant. general manager of
the Bell Telephone Company Of Missouri.
belongs the honor OF conceiving the idea.
which has revolutionized the business
methods Of the world.
II was he who established the FIRST tele-
phone ''switchboard'' system and gave to
the world benefit which has extended to
allsportlons Of the civilized earth.
The innovation was adopted in May, 1873.
Prioe to that time the use OF the telephone
Wa1 confined to direct communication be-
tween two points.
Tne venture. as II was regarded, was be-
gun with twenty-one telephones and as
many subscribers.
About seventy-five miles of wire were
used. strung in district extending from
the river. to Twentieth street and from
Gnonteau avenue to Cass avenue. The ini-
ssat expenditure was $4,000. and about NJ
teen persons were employed.
The switchboard was worked By one OPP
orator.
An heA Of the magnitude to which the
telephone business has grown in . quarter
Ct century may be obtained from the
Sact. that the Bell Telephone Company,
which was the outgrowth Of the original
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-08-16

making telephony means Of general COM
| munication.
| He met with some difficulty in putting his
idea into practice.
When he laid the matter before the Of
f1cers OF the District Telegraph Company
they were afraid the project would not
prove successful
Gerard B. Allen was president of the COM
! pany. Thomas E. Tut one Of the directors
and Henry B. Louderman secretary.
Mr.. Durant got his idea from the Law
Telegraph Company Of New York, which
was telegraph exchange for lawyers
About $50 attorneys belonged to the ex-
change. which enabled them to communi-
cate with one another by telegraph, using
a dial and cipher.
Mr.. Durant had been engaged in the tele-
graph business in New York.
After much discussion, II was decided by
the District Telegraph Company TO make
the venture. 1t was calculated that II 100
subscribers at 500 a year could be obtained
the undertaking would pay.
Mr.. Durant did the first soliciting him.
self. The first subscriber was the late Judge
George A. Madill. whose office was in the
second story Of q building at the northeast
corner OF Sixth and Olive streets. where
the Carleton building now stands.
When Durant unfoided his scheme 10
Judge Madill. the latter, after considering
It. submitted . counter-proposition. He gave
Mr.. Durant . list Of ten law llrmA and told
him he would subscribe. conditioned upon
Durant's inducing half OF them 70 subscribe.
EVERYWHERE MET WITH A
FEELING OF DlsTRUsT.
Durant accepted the proposition and
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-08-16

subscribers represented a great deal of ex-
ertion on the part OF Mr.. Durant
On May l. 1873 the st. Louis Telephone
Exchange the first in the world was OPP
ened on the top floor OF the Third National
Bank building. No. AT Olive street. About
one-half Of the floor was taken up by the
exchange. The wires were run singly from
the switchboard through the roof.
Calls were received on telephones at
tached to the walls of the operating-room.
The instruments In the operating room were
the same as those Of the subscribers ex-
cept no bells were attached to the ones
in the operating-room. while to each OF the
subscribers phones was attached bell
called magnetic" bell. which rang when
the subscriber was called.
Notice OF a can was given by the falling
of a drop" or metal covering Of an OPEN
ing in the telephone. into which the plug
of a connecting wire was placed. The drop
worked on hinge and when the telephone
was out Of use was replaced in position.
where It was held by catch.
TURNING OF A CRANK
CALLED CENTRAL
In dropping 1t made a click, which was
the only indication of a call, other than
caused to fall by the ringing Of the phone
at the other end Of the wire.
I A call was made by the subscriber turn
Ing q crank
Two boys were employed to watch for
calls in the operating-room. When . click
would be heard one Of the boys would To-
cate the phone on which the call came.
which was done by seeing the drop hanging
With the opening uncovered.
Each boy was supplied with . call tele-
phone. which consisted OF a short piece OF
wire, with phone on one end and con-
meeting plug on the other.
He would place the plug In the opening
and ask the subscriber through the phone,
after IN exchange Of hellos. whom he
wanted. The subscriber would give the
number Of his phone and Of the ono he
desired.
The boy would call the number, together
with the number Of the callers phone, to
the operator. who would connect them on
the switchboard. This was done by means
Of . short connecting wire. with plug on
each end.
Each telephone on the wall was connect
"a With the switchboard by wire. at the
end Of which was an opening for plug.
Each opening was numbered. q also the
phones on the val and The 'phonae e
IA e9nOUg1oo9A n ~ u f,-S,-,5sra ii y, " u
N : 4 - asasIAhf HiittftT
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-08-16

First telephone exchange in the world was opened
in St Louis, May l. 1873 under the management of
|sGeorge +. Durant
4 It had fifteen subscribers and one operator.
+ The same company has $4,000 subscribers.
The operating-room of the main exchange requires
sixty -four operators and has capacity for making
l5,677,2O different connections
Three. of the original employees are still in the
service Of the company.
r.. In starting the enterprise Mr. Durant had great
difficulty in inducing business take an interest
in system of communication which has since spread
over the earth.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1903-04-24
DECISION on FREIGHT RATES
Interstate Commerce Commission vetoes
an Advance.

New York. April 24.-The interstate
commerce commission. which is con-
Quoting hearing here, has announced
Il decision in the case of proposed ad-
vances in freight rates on various ar
ticles between Chicago and New York
and in the ease of Proctor & Gamble
against the Cincinnati Hamilton and
Dayton railroad, involving the classifi-
cation of common soap. The proposed
advances in freight rates would have
affected iron articles, dressed beef
packing house products. grain and
grain products, and have been under
consideration by the commission all
winter.
The decision is that the proposed
advances in the rates on grain and
grain products are not justified. The
finding says tnat the proceeding in this
case was i'm the form of a general in
vestigation, and that no order can be
made. therefore. on the record, but
that further proceedings will be COM
menced unless the respondent carriers
readjust their rates on grain and grain
products in accordance with the views,
III the ueClSiOh OH oI DSlOIe may 10
1903"
In the Proctor & Gamble case the
commission finds against the railroad
as to less than car loads as follows:
"The action of defendants in increas-
ing the classification of soap in less
than car loads from fourth to third
class was unreasonable and unjust un-
der the act TO regulate commerce and
the subsequent practice of applying 20
per cent less than third-class rates on
such traffic is also unlawful"
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1903-04-24
KENOSHA BANK WILL
PAY OUT IN FULL
Institution Recently Closed is Back
in Old Presidents
Hands.

Kenosha. Wis, April 24.-In the cir
cult court here Judge E. B. Belden has
signed an order turning the assets of
the Kenosha State bank, recently
closed by the state bank examiners,
back to President Frank s. KOmp. of
Chicago. and Komp will begin the
work of paying off all depositors TO
prove the sOlvency of the bank
In order to secure the order Presi-
dent Komp presented a surety bond
covering the entire amount of the de-
pOsits. The receiver is now temporar-
lily discharged, pending a settlement
When the bank was closed the bank
examiners of the state gave out a
statement that it could not pay over
65 cents on the dollar, but the deposit
ors will receive full return of their
money.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1903-04-24
ADVISES THEM TO
FOLLOW THE NATION
Chicago Squire TO Women Whose
Husbands Get on
Jags.

Chicago, April 24.-"Smash" is the
advice of Justice SABBATH to wives
whose husbands come home under the
influence of liquor and break up the
household furniture. Speaking to Mrs.
Ellen Hanley. 81 Solto street, he said:
II think it would be a good thing for
you to treat the saloonkeeper as they
treat you. DO to them as your hus-
band does to you when craZed from
liquor. Go to the saloon or saloons
where he secures his poison and smash
the furniture there just as your hus-
band smashes yours at home.
"'If every wife of drunkard in Chi
cago would take such heroic action
predict that saloonkeepers would be
more careful in selling drink to habit
ual drunkards. Every wife would have
the full sympathy of the law and pub
lic."
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1903-04-24

of adoption, las many as favor"-the
rest of the sentence being entirely lost.
All the while the demands for a roll
call continued. The speaker declared
the amendment adopted, although his
decision could be heard sacrcely three
feet from him, the third amendment
was read and in the same manner de-
clared adopted. BY this time IL per-
feet pandemOnium prevailed. Many
members had seized bill books and
We're pounding their desks, while Cum
mings. from his seat in the front row
OH the Democratic side, was vigorous
ly welding Il board.
The fourth amendment was declared
adopted. When the reading of the fifth
amendment was completed personal
violence against the speaker was
threatened. 4 number of ladies were
sitting on the couch on the speakers
.roStum.
''Will the ladies please move out
from belinda" shouted Allen.
Get them out" shouted sherman.
"Get the ladies out. Don't act the
coward
In the uproar Lindly was heard to
move the previous question on the bill.
The speaker put the motion, and al
though he could not be heard the
movements Of the gavel Indicated that
the motion had prevailed.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1903-04-24
TEN LIVES ARE. LOST
INTERRIBLE MANNER
BY the Explosion of the Northwestern
Star Oil Plant at Mime
apoIis.

Minneapolis, April 24.-Ten persons,
eight men ami two women, were killed
by an explosion ut the plant of the
Northwestern Star Oil company, at the
foot of Sixth avenue. S. E. The cause
is unknown. The dead are as follows:
w. II. Davis, president; e. ii. Durrin,
general mana ger; Stanislaus w. Mitch
ell, cashier; Jacob Domm, bookkeeper;
Miss Caroline A. Record, bookkeeper;
Harold c. Colborn. clerk; Miss Ella
NJ. Roundy, stenographer; David Da-
cey, foreman; John Spontanske, labor
er; Joseph La Fond, laborer.
The injured--Win Larson Qaborer),
Charles Aaronson, Joe McGinty, Wal
ter E. Scott (St. Paun, Joseph Dronick,
E. J. Link and Joseph Livingston.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1903-04-24

There were number of explanations
from those present. Gray finally got Il
hearing and criticized Speaker Miller.
Then he proceeded to criticize the pres
ent proceedings and Allen promptly
called him to order. There were nine
ty-seven members present according to
roll call, and then Wilson Oem) and
Sherman talked of the constitutional
situation, Sherman saying that those
present were the house, and that for
parliamentary purposes Speaker Miller
was dead"
Then the municipal ownership bill
was recalled and all the work done in
the regular session undone. Next the
Mueller bill was adopted section by
section as a substitute for the Indy
BILL which was later amended to still
further suit the Chicago people. Then
the bill was left on second reading,
and Rinaker offered resolution which
was adopted. and which after denounc-
ing the methods of Speaker Miller in
his rulings declares that the house
records shall show what had been
done at the "insurgent" session; de-
claring for Il roll call whenever de-
manded properly hereafter and also
that no further votes be cast by any
member without a permanent reor-
ganization of this house"
1t was then after much talk decided
to stay until tnereconvening hour fixed
by the speakers gavel and turn over
this organization to the speaker in a
dignified way"
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1903-04-24
CULMINATEs IN A SCRAP"
werdeII and Glade Are the Principals, but
No Blood Is Shed.

No Blood Is Shed.
At this point a fight broke out on
the Democratic side, few feet from
the speaker. Werdell nem.) and
Glade RepD were the central figures
but eight or ten other members-in
fact almost everybody in their imme'
diate vicinity-appeared to be taking
hand in the melee. 1t developed aft.
erwards that Werdell had started for
the speaker with a menacing air and
that Glade had seized him thus pre-
cipitating the encounter. No blood was
shed.
1t was now II 40. Above the din an
indistinct motion for a recess to 2:30
was heard. and moment later the
speaker brought down his gavel and
declared it carried. Fully half of the
members of the house appeared to be
standingon top of theirdesks, and were
shouting at the speaker protesting
against the recess. mo, you don't adj
journ," they were. repeating. But in
the meantime the speaker had retired,
carrying the gravel with him.
There were over ninety members
who did not leave their seats, and
Murray moved that Allen be made
speaker pro tenn, and it was carried,
and Allen took the chair and attempt
ed to restore order, having for a gavel
the leg of a chair. All the officers of
the house had left with the speaker,
including the sergeant-at-arms and
ianitors and the members filed the
aisles and the noise was ear-splitting.
In the midst of the uprOar one of the
clerks from the senate appeared In the
center aisle announcing a message
from the senate. Allen recognized him,
and before the clerk knew just what
was the matter he had read a mes
sage. 1t was impossible to hear him,
and some organization" man immedi-
ately grabbed him and pushed him out
of the representatives hall before he
had a chance to send the message to
the speakers desk.
Finally Knolla was made clerk pro
tenn of the house; Bush. Schlagen-
hauf, Burke and Werdell assistant
clerks and Cummings and Deady SER
geants-at-arms. Still the disorder con-
tinued- Browne wanted to urge the
proba bility of hereafter, but was
howled down, Sherman crying throw
him out" which was not an unfre-
quent cry when any one made objec-
ton to the proceedings.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1903-04-24
wabash Files 1ts.Answer.

Washington, April 24.-The Wabash
railroad yesterday filed with the inter
state commerce commission an answer
to the complaint of the. Cattle Raisers
association, of Texas. and the Chicago
Live Stock Exchange, intervenor, in
volving the terminal charges at the
Chicago stock yards. The Wabash de-
nies the jurisdiction and power of the
interstate commerce commission and
protests against the order of the COM
mission reopening the case for further
hearing
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1903-04-24
BREACH OF FAITH
CHARGED TO RUSSIA
Ia Respect to the Control of Man
churia-United States
Advised.

Washington. April 24.-NIinister
Conger, at Pekin. has cabled Secre-
tary Hay Il synopsis of the demands
made by Russia respecting the CON
troll of Manchuria. This account
agrees precisely with the press re-
ports from Pekin. The secretary will
take no action in the matter until he
has communicated the Facts to the
president and learned the latter's
wishes. The present impression here
is that the Russian action is dis
tinct breach of faith with the United
States.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1903-04-24
HAVE YOU INVESTED
IN ANY OF THESE?
Another Raid on Get-Rich. Quick
Concerns in Chi
cago.

Chicago, April 24-The following
alleged get rich quick concerns
were raided today by the police: Ken
dali Speciality company, Curtis Novel
ty company, Sporting Novelty com
pany, Gem Art Needle company. Cur
It's Remedy company, Leslie Novelty
company, Home Industrial company.
General Supply company. Textile
Manufacturing company, Erie Manu-
featuring company
II. w. Curtis is said by the police
to have control of all the concerns.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1903-04-24
THEN THE TROUBLE BEa1Ns
Demand for Roll Call Is Both vooiferous
and Very Insistent.

Speaker Miller then ordered the
amendments read, and when the
amendment was read he started to
put the question of its adoption to a
viva voce vote. Then the trouble be-
gan. A large number oAthe members
were on their feet some of them
standing on chairs, few ON their
desks, demanding a roll call 1.-The
amendment is adopted" said Speaker
Miller, bringing down his gavel.
You are a liar retorted Allen.
There was now a fresh outbreak,
members shouting ''Mr. Speaker" ''NIr.
Speaker!'' Roll call!'' Roll callr'
Above the din Sherman, as he seized
his Kitchen chair" and placed it on
his desk in front of him, could be
heard shouting: "The speaker ignores
the rules of the house. The chair is
not in ORDER
The second amendment was then
read The nproar was defending as
the. sneaker started to put the question