Arizona republican., 1903-10-09
Russia, Manchuria, and the Open
 Door.

but Uncle Sam has gained the open door, It is of small importance now' from the American viewpoint, whether Russia goes or stays.
 If. however, belief existed anywhere that Russia intended to keep her promise and begin withdrawing her troops from Manchuria yesterday, 1t existed only in the minds of the fool ishly credulcus. The fact is that the government of the czar does not in tend to give up the rich Chinese province, either now or hereafter. It has never had such intent.
 A temporizing policy toward Japan and other objecting nations has been pursued, simply because Russia prefers to gain her ends without a row. And being essentially oriental in all it's characteristics, Russian diplomacy never hesitates to resort to falsehood in order to allay the troublesome curi- osity of rival nations. The only re markabIe feature oi the situation is that the threadbare cloak of deception continues to serve it's purpose so well in dealings with western people. The policy of evasion will be persisted in, of course, so long as it will bring any advantage, and the bear will only show his teeth when his possession Of the coveted bone is seriously menaced. Thus, the growl emitted by the Russian ambassador to Japan on the 4th in- stant when he addressed q note to the mikado's government in which he contended that Japan had no right to interfere in the question of the evacuation of Manchuria, which solely concerned Russia and China was hint to Japan that trouble is not de sired but will be welcomed rather than to relinquish the disputed province. And after giving this admonitory grCwl, the bear good naturedly added, Why te silly about Manchuria? I propose to keep that, but there is Korea. fat and juicy; let's divide Korea equally between us"
 As every we'll informed American knows, the sole interest the United States has in the Manchuri;in question is the question of the open door," Following the Boxer disturbance. kus- sia found it absolutely necessary to oc- oupy Manchuria, and there can be no doubt that her permanent occupation would be at least a step toward I higher civilization for that part of Chi na- If there be any question of morals involved it is not the part of the Unit ed States to administer reproof. On the other hand Americans can sympathi-e with the national aspirations which are back of Russia's infiexibie purpose 70 have an ice-free port on the Pacific. The map printed in yesterdays RepuE- hcan showed graphically the parc which Manchuria plays in this purpose. Having found that Vladivostock, on the Siberian coast, is closed on account of ice for six months in the year, Russi.t turned her attention years ago to d port on the coast of China, several hundred nii.eS to the south. After spending mil lions on Po.t Arthur. it was found that satisfactory harbor could not be maintained there, and the new port of Dalny was established. To this port q railroad, branching from the Transsi- berian line which runs to Nladivostock, was constructed through Manchuria. Were the province of Manchuria to be relinqushed to China, what assurance. the Rus sians argue, have they that the railroad to Dainy can be kept open ? What assurance, in fact, is there that in the inevitable dismemherment of the Chinese empire, some other nation may not find it possible to seize Man chrria for it's own?
 An appreciation of the difficulties here suggested has prevented the growth of any substantial sentiment in America in favor of forcing Rus sia to carry out her promises to evac- uate Manchuria. But there is a strong feeling in this country against permit ting the door of Manchurian trade to Do shut in the face of American con- Inerce.. Manchuria, prodigiously rIcf in natural resources, and containing . population of forty millions, offers tempting field for the sale of American mdnufdo lures. It is Russist's policy l. keep everything for her own. and if sh' could have had her way she would have continued indefinitely to tempor ize wi,h the United States. persuadint China meanwhile to delay signing cOn1mercial treaty with this country and hoping in the end to make Man churia an integral part of the Russia empire. The shrewd diplomacy of Sec letary Hay has checkmated this game
 however, and the news that the Amer