Arizona republican., 1903-05-01

AlNI14AN A[A0 6AOAA@N -
within the boundaries of what is now
our mighty country. The very cities
themselves-St. Louis, New Orleans,
Santa Fe, New Mexico-bear witness by
their titles to the nationalities of their
founders. 1t was not until the revo-
luton had begun that the English
speaking settlers pushed west across
! the Alleghenies, and not until CEN
! tury ago that they entered in to pos
sess the land upon which we now stand
WORK OF A HUNDRED YEARS.
! We have met here today to COM
memorate the hundredth anniversary
| of the event which more than any
other, after the foundation of the gov
ernment and always excepting it's pre-
servation, determined the character Of
| our national life-determined that we
| should be a great expanding nation in
! stead of relatively a small and station
ary one.
! OF course it was not with the Louis
, lana purchase that our career of eX-
pansion began. In the middle of the
! revolutionary war the Illinois region,
! including the present states of Illinois
and Indiana, was added to our domain
by force of arms. as a sequel to the
! adventurous expedition of George Rog-
ers Clarke and his frontier rifienen
| Later the treaties of Jay nd Pinckney
| materially extended our real boundar-
| les to the west. But none of these
| events was of so striking a character
as to fix the popular imagination. The
! old thirteen colonies had always claim
| ed that their rights stretched westward
! 10 the Mississippi, and vague and un-
real though these claims We're until
made gcod by conquest, settlement ard
diplomacy, they still served to give the
impression that the earliest westward
movements of our people were little
more than the filing in of already ex-
listing national boundaries.
NATIONAL EXPANSION.
| Never before had the world seen the
kind of national expansion which gave
+ our people all that part of the Ameri-
can continent lying west of the thir-
/ teen original states the greatest land
mark in which was the Louisiana pur-
chase. Our triumph in this process of
expansion was indissolubly bound up
with the success of our peculiar kin1
of federal government: and this sue
cess has been so complete that because
Of its very completeness we now some :
times fail to appreciate not only the all
Importance but the tremendous diff
Guilty of the problem with which our
nation was originally faced
When our forefathers joined to call
into being this nation. they undertook
task for which there was but little
encourag ging precedent. The develop
ment of civilization from the earliest
period seemed to show the truth of two
propositions: In the first place, it had
always proved exceedingly difficult to
secure both freedom and strength in
any government: and in the second
place it had always been veil nigh i'm
possible for a nation to expand without
either breaking up or becoming q CEN
tralized tyranny. With the success OF
our effort to combine a strong and eff
, cient national union. able to put down
: disorder at home and to maintain ou.
honor and interest abroad, 1 have MOI
now to deal. This success was sigma
, and alI-important, but it was by nc
means unprecedented in the same sense
:.
: precedented. The history of Rome and
of Greece illustrates very we'll the two
/ types of expansion which had take:
/ place IN ancient time and which hat
been universally accepted as the only
= possible types up to the period wheT
: as q nation we ourselves began to tax.
= possession of this continent
5 When the fathers of the republic frs
formulated the constitution undel
which we live this remedy was untriet
. and no one could foretel how it woul,
work. They themselves began the ex
: pertinent almost immedia tely by addn.
i new states to the original thirteen. Ex
cellent people in the east viewed th;
= initial expansion of the country Will
great alarm. Exactly as during tn
e colonial period many good people il
[ the mother country thought it hight,
p important that settlers should be KEEP
= out of the Ohio valley in the interes
Il of the fur companies, so after we ha'
= become a nation many good people o.
= the Atlantic coast felt grave appre
f hension lest they might somehow b
n hurt by the westward growth of TIL
Il nation. These good people shook thei
$ heads over the formation of states i
; the fertile Ohio valley which now form
e part of the heart of our nation: an
e they declared that the destruction O
# the republic had been accomplishe
II when through the Louisiana purchas s
= we acquired nearly half of what is nov
/, that same Republics present territory
!; Nor was their feeling unnatural. Onl
}: the adventurous and the far-seeing ca
e be expected heartily to welcome tn
IL process of expansion, for the natio
"a that expands is Z. nation which is en-
i tering upon a great career, and wit
i greatness there must of necessity com
perils which daunt all save the mos
l. stout-hearted.
II THE BIGGER UNION.
II We expanded by carving the wilderness
| into territories and out Of these state