davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Savannah morning news., 1903-09-27

reefs and islands of the tropical Pa
cific from the Marquesas to the Pan
motus, the Society Islands, the Cook
Archipelago, Niau, the Tonga, ELISE,
Gilbert and Marshall Islands, the Caro-
lines and Southern Ladrones; and in
the Indian Ocean the Maldives.
Beginning with the barrier reefs,
Prof Agassiz finds that those of Fiji
the Hawaiian Islands and the West In
dies usually flank volcanic islands and
are undertake by volcanic rock. The
CONFUSION of nature that Originally
brought these islands to the surface, IA
other words, eft in their neighborhood
but below the surface, platform Of
volcanic rock upon which the coral
organism slowly and surely built up
the reefs that now surround them The
barrier reefs surrounding New Caledo-
MIA. Australia, Honduras and the Ba-
hamas. as well as those that protect
the shores Of Florida. are likewise I'M
derlaid by outlying combinations Of the
land itself sometimes reappearing as
islands or islets on the very outer edge
Of the reef. In the Society Islands.
FIJI and the Caroiines. deep wide la
goons have often been formed between
the land and the reef by the long con-
tlnued erosion Of water flowing between
them. IN The case ~ encirciing rec T.
such - are found esperially ~ the -
clety Islands. submarine erosion has IN
past ages formed % tfOrmf. now seDsr-
AZ from the main body u the ISLAND
which have ln turn served ~ fOun-
datlon for the wonderful building Oper-
alton ~ countless armies - mi uif
coral and limestone forming organisDa
other ifiaudH aucH AZ M FihI Pane
mofuF and f.adf0nea, present coral for
rnafi0n resiluR uD0n tertiary lipieeis,ne
The Savannah morning news., 1903-09-27

"a foundation, that is to say, that
dates back to the geological period
when the land was Just taking it's pres
ent Importance compared with the
water, when the great mountain chains
were coming into being and the glgan-
tic reptilian creatures, whose possible
survival in some unexplored depth Of
tho ocean or corner of the earth is still
a favorite subject for fanciful novelists
were disappearing from the prehistoric
world. Others again are part lime stone
and part volcanic rock and yet others
are atolls found on the denuded rim of
a long extinct volcanic crater.
Many atolls in the Pacific rest upon a
foundation that cannot yet be deter
mined and many others are merely
shallow sinks, formed by high sand
banks, thrown up around a central
area. The different conditions OF
growth Of coral islands on a volcanic
formation may be traced IN the differ
ences between such islands as Guam
and Kambara, partly volcanic and
partly limestone. and atolls where only
a small islet or q larger island Of lime
stone or volcanic rock Is now left to
indicate It's origin. such, for example,
as Solo Reef. FIJI. a coral island. on
which a single volcanic rock remains
near the center.
Through the Pacific, Indian ocean and
the West indies positive evidence exists
Of a modern recent elevation Of coral
reefs. within the laFOOns Of many
at0lls still remain hOneyCOmbed pln-
naclea 0f limestone that bear witness
90 the solHen action u the sea On land
areas that once bad 3 greater extension
than nf present zoe slow steady hc-
flon probably responsible FOR fhe d.
sooDa thai nov SEPARATE many u me
The Savannah morning news., 1903-09-27

report attributes to the growth of each
the specific causes which, In his opin-
ion. were instrumental in producing II.
Darwin's own theory however-that
the original foundation on which the
little reef building organisms had origi-
naIlv begun their slow and unending
processes had subsidized, in the course
OF ages, and that during this downward
movement Of the earlier coral forma-
tons the living organisms hah contin-
ued their work upward until u took the
form OF reefs and atolls At the sur
face-was based upon comparatively
little personal observation, ana me
great enunciatOr Of evolution "opla
probably have been the frst man 70
welcome any addition 70 bis hcienphc
data. 49,
professor Agassiz's investigations
have Included in the Atlantic ihe Daf-
rler reefs on Florida, the bermndaF,
Bahama. cuba. Jamaica ann ne mehi
Jpdies. in the Pacinc the gaiapaRpf,
lie Hawaiian Islands, fhe Great bar
r.ef reef ~ Australia and The coral
The Savannah morning news., 1903-09-27
PERILs OF THE sToKER.
Life Down i'm the Depths of a Great
Atlantic Liner.

From the Royal Magazine.
Life among the stokers on board an
Atlantic liner is described by a con-
tributor who put in a voyage as an
amateur coal trimmer. AS a coal trim
mer, he says, had to wheel my bar
row through a narrow tunnel fill II
with coal from the bunker, wheel 1t
back again, empty it at the stokers'
feet and keep on until the watch was
over, but this apparently simple oc-
cupation was not without It's perils.
The glass cylinders which show the
depth OF water in the boilers may burst
twice a day, but save for an occasional
scalding a man is not often injured
by this. Far more serious are the con-
sequences OF his opening the doors
OF his furnace without first shutting
on his forced draught careless
man--perhaps one who has boarded the
ship the worse for liquOr-may on
starting his watch, forget 10 shut of
the three checks az the side Of the
furnace which regulate this detail. on
opening the door q binding drauRht
will ny into HE face and probably
scorch him fnFhtfully.
There IA no limit % the number o.
minor casualties. A. ! trimmed ~ my
barrow abe ship would give 4 sudden
iuFeh. ana my spade would ny Out u
The Savannah morning news., 1903-09-27

Cambridge, Mass, Sept. 26.-In re-
cent report TO the Royal Society. DR..
Alexander Agassiz OF Harvard has
given a summary Of his study during
the past twenty-five years, Of different
types of atolls and barrier reefs-a
long scientific inquiry, as one might
almost quote Kipling:
over a thousand islands lost In an
idle main
Where the sea-egg flames on the coral
and the long-backed breakers
Groom
The endless ocean legends 70 the lazy.
locked lagoon"
Professor Agassiz. like many another
scientist who has made an intimate
study u these picturesque, tropical
reefs and islands, finds that Darwin's
famous theory of their formation does
not explain me conditions as acfuaily
observed. and without attempting 20
'-s-f~ snE uee general theory hlg
The Savannah morning news., 1903-09-27

tropical islands from barrier reefs that
were once united with the land like
the "fringing reefs" so called, which
have not yet undergone similar pro-
cess. Signs of this solvent action of
sea water are everywhere visible among
coral reefs as is also the effect of
atmospheric denudaton-the, wear and
tear of wind and weather-that has
played an important part in reducing
elevated limestone islands to sea level,
Kidding them with caverns and form
ing extensive sinks, often mistaken for
actual lagoons that have been elevated
above the surface OF the surrounding
ocean.
The great coral reef regions are with
in the limits of the trade winds and
monsoons as well as, with some ex-
ceptions. within the areas Of elevation
where the forces Of nature are slowly
raising them above the surface. In
reefs thus elevated the elevation is
shown by the terraces OF the Islands or
by lines Of cliff cayerns indicating diff
ferent levels OF marine erosion. The
Marquesas, Galapagos and few is
lands I'm the West Indies have few corr
ais and practically no reefs, although
situated IN the attitudes whore cOrals
are generally found. In these cases,
however. the absence OF oorals may be
attributed 90 the steepness OF the shores
Of the islands, 90 the crumbllng nature
Of their submarine platforms, or, as
h the Galapagos, 10 the GOODNESS Of
the water surrounding them,
one Of the most striking statements
IN Prof ARassiz'a summary ~ bis
twenty i've years work Dr. the fact met
closed afOlis may hardly BE- said ~ eN-
isf The island ~ Ninu ln the Pam
Wofus "a The nearest approach ~ one,
but its shallow lagoon is FED By the
The Savannah morning news., 1903-09-27

my hand. If I wheeled it through
the tunnel without knocking my head
against the side / considered myself
fortunate. With the roll Of the ship
tools would fly about in all directions.
A rake which had been lying idle at
one side of the stokehold would come
violently sliding toward one. If you
stood in the neighborhood of hatch
anything might come suddenly down
on your head. Perhaps a shovel has
been mislaid somewhere above. so
down II would come with a crash.
During a gale 1t was no unusual
thing for miniature Niagara to rush
down the ventilator and drench any
one who happened to be standing near.
A sea, too, will sometimes alight on
a mass of clinkers and save the trim
mer his task of extinguishing them,
scalding him and his neighbors the
while by an upward rush OF steam.
The stock dinner dish in the stoke
hold is noodle" a mixture OF meats,
potatoes and soup. For breakfast,
hash; for tea, meat-of kind-and
bread.
At every night the chief steward
sends the men on the watch just over
a huge tin containing the leavings from
the saloon passengers dishes. II Is
received from the steward by a trim
mer-who, no doubt gets his nrat
whack az some dainty morsel. Meat.
fish, may0nnalse Of lobster, green veg
etables, pastry tarts fat from joints
are al tumbled together IN a mixture
Of gravy and soup, "A % who gets
which Is a matter of physical confeaf.
The "hlackies" simply rush for the
PAN and sometimes foppie over the
trimmer y charge before he has had
The Savannah morning news., 1903-09-27

sea through it's porous ring. Where
there are 40 boat passages into a To-
COON sea water may still enter freely
over extensive shallow reef flats.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1903-10-08
A GALL EXTENDED
MR.. MACLACHLAN
Kentucky Minister Will Come
to Seventh Street Chris
tian Church.

AT a congregational meeting OF the Sew
enth Street Christian Church, of this
city held last night, the Rev. H. D. c.
Maclachan, distinguished young min
lister of Shelbyville, KY, was unani-
mously called to the vacant pulpit to sue
coed the Rev Carey L. Morgan, who
recently resigned to 90 TO Paris, Ky.
The action by the church will probably
be followed by all early acceptance from
the kentucky minister. 1t is practlcaily
certain that he will come. telegram
sent to him asking concerning his proba-
BILE action, received a response that all
but confirmed the report current here.
Mr.. Maclachlan stated that while he
could not yet speak with certainty, he
would pro badly accept the call
Mr.. Maclachlan is native of Scotland.
where he was born about thirty-four
years ago. He is one of the younger
ministers in the denomination, but Is
accounted a brilliant and rising young
man He comes with unusually strong
endorsements from many or the leading
men in the church. By birth Mr.. Mac
lachlan was a Presbyterian. His father
was a Presbyterian minister of Scot
land. The younger Macachlan was edu-
Gated In his native country and in the
United States. He was graduated first
from the Glasgow University, where he
received distinguished honors having con-
ferred upon him the degree of NJ. "A. and
later that of B. l.. When he came to this
country he spent two years at the Bible
School of the Kentucky University. Later
he took a postgraduate course at the
Divinity .sschool ..of the Chicago Univer-
sity. For sthe past four years MIR. Mac
lachlan has been in the pastorate his
work at Shelbyvllle has extended
throughout two years.
The Seventh Street Church, OF this city,
Is one of the most desirable charges IN
the denomination. 1t is the leading Dlscl-
ples' church In the State and has large
and influential membership. The action
by this congregation last night was
unanimous and hearty. 1t has already
had opportunity to see and hear the
young minister. and is much pleased with
him.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1903-10-08

oct est
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1903-10-08
Annual Meeting
Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company,


Richmond, Va, Aug. 49, 1908.
NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN THAT THE AN
puul meeting sof the stockholders OF TIlE
CHEsAPEAKE AND OHIO RAILWAY COM;
PANY for the election of the Directors and
the transaction Of such other business as may
Z lawfully come before the meeting, including
the union by purchase, merger or consolidation
Of or with certain subsidiary companies, and
Including the sale and purchase OF the fran
chise, rights, privileges and property Of The
chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company.
corporation organized and existing under the
laws of the State of West Virginia to and by
The Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company,
corporation organized and existing under
the laws of the State of Virginia. and also
the consideration of the annual report of the
Directors for the last fiscal year, and for the
purpose of approving all actions OF the Direc-
tors, set forth In said annual report and In
the minutes Of the Company, will be held at
the office of the Company In the city OF Rich
mond, Va, on TUESDAY. the goth day Of
October, 1903. ut II O'Clock noon. The stock
transfer books will be closed at the office Of
Messrs. ]. p. Morgan and Co., No. 90 Wall
Street New York. on Tuesday, September %,
1903 at o'clock P, NJ. and will be rcopened
on wednesday, October Fl. 1908. at 10 O'Clock
A, NJ, g. E. WEXFORD
Secretary.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1903-10-08
AN ORDINANCE.
fAnnroved sent % 1eoa \

GRANr1N A2prG FShM Sf2t g; 1'! II THE
AMERICAS, NATIONAL N 134 TO
ENTRANCE IN FRONT OF THEIR
TWEEN TENTH AND ELEVENTH
81 4fN As sFn HHT M 2o aHSR fa
THIRTEEN INCHES.
Be it ordained by the Council Of the city
Of Richmond:
by granted to The American National
Bank to construct and maintain main
entrance in front Of their property on
Main Street, between Tenth and Eleventh !,
Street more than thirteen inches, subject
to the following conditions:
Sec II. That the said entrance is to be
scented by said American National Bank,
and now on file In the office OF City En-
gineer.
Bank shall at all times keep said entrance
in proper repair. and shall make such re-
pairs as the Committee on Streets may at
any time deem reasonable for the safety
Of persons using the highway In front OF
said entrance.
Sec, ". The permission hereby granted
shall at any time be subject to any l amenn
Upon a revocation or amendment or said
permission. the said American Nationa!
Bank. or any subsequent owner sar, OF OF SAL: SAG
amendment or revocation.
Sec. v. The said permission is given sub
ject to the conditions that the said Amerl.
can National Bank, or any subsequent
owner Of said house, will indemnify, REIN
burse and save harmless the city OF Rich.
mond for any charges, damages or cost
that the city may be required to pay by
reason of any person being injured or
damaged in any way. In property or per-
son by the construction. existence or
maintenance of said entrance.
LNnr- "a nnn3Orm
to the provisions OF this ordinance, or any
amendment CIR revocation thereof, OF any
requirement Hereunder, the said Ameri-
can National Bank, or any subsequent
owner Of said house. shall be liable to a
fine of not less than ten nor more than
fifty dollars, each days failure to be
separate offense.
= Sec VII. All ordinances or parts OF or
dinances are hereby repealed, 80 far as
the same may conflict herewith.
Sec. VIII. This ordinance shall be IN
IL 90 = o'' 40 BEN T. AUGUST,
oct est City Clerk.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1903-10-08
DEATHS.

iUTHROW.-Died, at her residence, No, 1915
". Cary Street, ON Wednesday, October I
1908, at 1915 +. NJ, Mrs, CARRIE Is, GUTH
ROW, aged twenty-five years, She leaves
husband, sister and three children to mourn
their loss.
Funeral will take place from Randolph
Street Baptist Church SATURDAY AFTER
NOON, October 10Th, at 2:30 O'Clock Inter
ment In River View Cemetery. Friends and
relatives invited to attend.
Oh mother, Thy gentle voice is 'hushed:
Thy warm, true heart is still
And on thy pale and peaceful face
Is resting deaths cold chill
Thy hands are clasped upon thy breast;
We have kissed thy marble brow,
And In our aching hearts we know
We have DO mother now,
by CHILDREN.
Jesus while our hearts are bleeding
Ger the spOils that death has Won,
We would at this solemn hour
Calmly say, Thy VIII be done"
Though cast down, we are not forsaken;
Though afflicted, not alonel
Thou dist give and Thou hast taken.
BLESSED Lord. Thy will be done.
by HUSBAND.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1903-10-08

NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN THAT
BIDS are Invited for the purchase Of
the FRANCHISE for a Telephone Sys-
tenn and Service Rights and Privileges
granted by the City Council of the city
Of Manchester by an ordinance e, adopted
1903 Said bids to be delivered on the
13th DAY OF OCTOBER, 1903, to the
presiding OFFICER Of the City Assembly,
the most numerous branch Of the City
Council of said city on the 18th day of
October, 1903, at o'clock r M !,
The right to reject any and all bids IS
hereby reserved to the said city; all
such bids to be opened and disposed Of
in the manner prescribed by lay. No.. All
chise will be permitted to Inspect the
same at the office of the City Clerk. and
will be furnished with copies thereof It
BY order of the City Council Of the
j. II. ABBOTT,
Chairman of Committee,
sept, II. 24&oct 1.S
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1903-10-08
STEAM BOATS.

Leave Richmond daily (foot OF Ash
street) z p. M. Steamers stop at New
port News In both directions. Faro $3.50,
Includes stateroom berth; meals, SOC.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1903-10-08

WINDOW DRESsER-Wanted, an Al window:
dresser and card writer In nearby city; good
salary and opportunity for right party. Ad-
dress DISPATCH. care this Office
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1903-10-08
COOL DRINKS.

waters, cigars and tobaccos LUcCHEsI
BROS, next to Bijou Theatre.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1903-10-08
BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES.

WANTED-S5,o 900 in splendid paying business;
profits 20 per cent. or more Investor TO have
Interest In supervision MS secretary or fair sal.
ary; inves tigation courted. Address Y. X. X,
care this Office.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1903-10-08

HoTE1, CLERK-wanted, position hotel
clerk by n young man of ten years expert
ence in hotel work: reference given Address
r. Z. j., this Office.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1903-10-08
AN ORDINANCE.
lApproyed Sept. @. 1870

(Approyed Sept. g. 1859 4.
GRANTING PERMISSION TO r. a.
sTRuC eS1''1 AND MAINTAIN AN OVER
HEAD BRIDGE ACROSS 0YERTON
EIGHTH STREETS:
Be it ordained by the Council Of the city
Of Richmond:
LIST: That permission be, and the sans 81 Is
hereby granted to r. A. patterson sso T.. 10,
an overhead bridge across OYertoE Street,
between Seventh and Eighth Streets. sub
esd f Tba ahe the sad brdge is to be con-
structed according to the plan presented
by said r. A. Patterson Tobacco Co., and
now on file in the office OF city Mnslneer;
and also in such manner and with SUCH
materials as shall be satisfactory TO the
81. The said r. A. Patterson Tobacco
proper repair, and shall make such repairs
as the Committee on Streets, may at any
time deem reasonable for the SAFETY q
persons using the highway under said
4th The said r. A. Patterson Tobacco
Co. shall pay the rate fixed by the ordls
areas or vaults in sidewalks or alleys. :,
9Th. The permission hereby granted shall
at any time be subject PFC to any amenden5
a revocation or amendment OF said per-
mission, the said r. A, Patterson Tobacco
Co. or any subse,gnent o owner tne, OF SAG
mousse SIldll lHll''Cu'oscAS SSAAAS'N' " eNS''
amendment or revocation.
9Th. The said permission Is given subject
to the conditions that the said r. A, Pat
terson TOBACCO Co. or ,i any aa snbSse &c
imburse. and save harmless the city OF
Richmond for any charges. damages, or
cost that the city may be required to pay
BY reason Of any person being 'or
son, BY the construction, existence, or
maintenance of said bridge.
'7th THE bottom of said bridge shall be
at least sixteen feet above the road bed of
s't 9Th. For a failure to conform fully to
the provisions Of this ordtnnanes or any
requirement hereunder, the sai9 r. A.
Patterson Tobacco Co., or any subsequent
owner of said house, shall be liable to
fine OF not less than ten or more than fifty
dollars, each days failure to be separate
offense. "a ,,
nances are hereby repealed, SO tar as the
same may conflict herewith.
10th. This ordinance shall be IN force
IRON ''s l'assas'' BEN II. AUGUsT,'
oct ait City Clerk
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1903-10-08
SUMMER RESORTS.

ing aged forty-five years. Before her
marriage she was Miss Gertrude Tay-
Tor, of Prince Edward county, the only
daughter Of a widowed mother who sur.
wives her, together with her husband and
six children. The funeral will be from
the house Thursday afternoon at 2
o'clock, conducted by her pastor, Rev.
J. Norton of the Disciples Church
The intcrment will be in the Crewe
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1903-10-08
RICHMOND PANPHYsloN.

RUPTURE AND PILES cured; no loss Of tim
from business; no knife, no danger; rheu
matism and chronic diseases cured; free X
Ray examination; S15 East Franklin.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1903-10-08
SOUTHERN ILWAY.

SCHEDULE IN EFFECT OCT 4. 1900.
100 A. M.--Daily. Local for Charlotte.
1890 p. M.-Daily. Limited. Buffet Pull
man to Atlanta and Birmingham, New
Orleans. Memphis. Chattanooga and all
the South.
500 P. M.-Ex. Sunday, Chase City local.
II :05 p. M.-Daily. Limited Pullman
ready $50 p NJ, for all the South.
YORK RIVER LINE.
The favorite route to Baltimore and
Eastern points. Leave Richmond 4:3O p.
NJ. daily, except Sunday.
600 A. M. Except Sunday. Local mixed
for West Point.
2:15 P. M.-Local for West Point
4:3O p. M.-Except Sunday. For West
Point, connecting with steamers for Bal
timore and river landings.
TRAINS ARRIVE RICHMOND.
6:b 4. NJ. and 6:45 p. M.-From all the
South.
S:35 P. M.-From Charlotte and Durham.
$40 A. M.-From Chase City.
9:15 a. M.-Baltimore and West Point.
$40 p. M.-From West Point.
G. NJ G. P. A.
c. w. WESTBURY, D. P. A,
Richmond. Va,
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1903-10-08

FOR NEW YORK.
BY Chesapeake and Ohio Ry., Q A. NJ,
p. M; by Norfolk and Western Ry., 8
A. M, 8 p. M All lines connect at Norfolk
with direct steamers for New York. SAIL
ing daily Except Sunday z P. NJ.
sos r. Main Street.
JOHN #. MAYER, Agent, Wharf Foot of
Ash Street, Richmond, Va
II. B. WALKER, v. p, & T. NJ, New York.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1903-10-08
Robert B, Walker,

Especial to The Timcs-Dlspatch.)
EEATHSVILLC. VA, Oct. 7.-Mr. Rob-
ert b. Walker, of Ocran, Lancaster coun-
ty. died Sunday of tvnhoid fever. His In
torment took place Monday afternoon In
the cemetery of White Stone Methodist
Church, Mr.. Walker leaves a wife and
six children.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1903-10-08
Mr. Williams Grateful.

Mr.. John l.. Williams has written, a
nice letter to Captain Morgan r. Mills,
thanking him for the resolution offered
by the latter In the Council the other
night, expressing the sympathy of the
body for the financial distress of Mr..
Williams firm,
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1903-10-08
Samuel Mills.

Especial to The Times Dispntch)
| ALEXANDRIA, VA, Oct MIR. Sam
Fuel Mills, well known resident of this
city, died at his home late yesterday
| evening. Mr.. Mills was eighty years old,
| and was born in England, but for many
years he had lived In this city where he
| was connected with the S. Mills steam
| haly