davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1903-03-15

keep in training at all points, and daily measure
swords with equals sup"riors that the law
has become the respected and honored profess
sion it is. And therefore. again. important as
in each may h" special preparation. Nat
rre's gifts "f g,,nI health and good humor and
the good Judgment that consorts with these are
the hest general quaijh 'ttinns one can have.
As to school and college preparation am
confident that. between good general culture
and special study Of law at school, the former
is the more. essential. But. if possible. one
should have. both While tl.. timber for many
good lawyer has Icen spoiled hy kn-drying IT
until its heart" taken out of it. yet 50 inn
l"ltant f"r real usefulness are maturity ami
breadth of vi.w that extra years in study ar"
generally Well spent
As to course and method of study: Within the
lines likely tn be commended either by Il good
school or "A good Office. one is not likely to ="
astray. l helicve. however. that it would I've we'll
if every law school enforced thorough drill i'll
drafting legal forms and in m"morizing thns"
most frequently used. II is doubtless true that
much of the copying by which these We're once
taught law clerks Was an Improbable use of
time that might have h"trn better spent: and
that if man entering office at from twenty
three to twenty five years of age should deVote
himself to this h. might soon arpuir" pro
ficfency that experience would ripen. But while
such know Wedge can drilled into hy
shOolbny methods and enforced in a laW school
curriculum. the lack If il is the Weakness as
the contempt for it is the failing, of law school
lawyers a contrasted with office bred lawyers;
- whom to the great relief of themselves. long
suffering judges. and their professional hreth
ren-"prartice'' and forms are familiar
1t Is probably better t" enter the profession
through study. for couple of years al l4:'- not
broken In upon by office work in one of our more
thorough law schools though. provided one has
a good general education. l do not believe this
as important IA 1t has sometimes been thought.
Comparison is not easy. since 1t Is those who
New-York tribune., 1903-03-15
1T MIGHT HAVE BEEN WORSE.

r,,,rn lr"k:rc ~ tn. .I,hrc r''i ~.u@inc
rtIy .r!.~ir Sonn,vhLt N III. H., Th~ Fftts-
hurI; tiaZrtr'
"E"u >"-m happy. IIliy. ~.rri % t::''-. NhN came
~. -I"r man hn has just bon r..frcU frr re
election
''Wh> asked Mason - tIU..y- -
book nu INV ~tIe "f things u,r vo, r-mer-
t,r ,f TIN 1ri :: ~ho '.th'r thcagu
who had both i,-~ cUt 81 H., % .~.'iu'
t'h.a-r up. ~.fii tho surgeon. " H. trim
hIru ~. 1t might H.tNv been w"rS.. You can srfII
work 1T tTI'i''
sure IL might have been worse answered the
Irishman. Suppose ] had been 4 chorus girl
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-04-19
Inside Cotton Mill Facts,

Agent Southworth, secretary of the Lowell society of mill agents, is giving the arbitration board of Massachusetts great deal of information. He toIl them on Monday last the secret of sue cess in cotton milling in Lowell. He said: 'In our mills cotton Is two thirds the cost of production, and labor one-third. A fortunate purchase of cot ton is great deal more responsible for our success than the labor of the operative, and the loss by an unfor- tunate purchase of cotton could never be made up by even the most compe- tent of help"
 Thus we see again that child labor and low wages in the south are not the chief factors in the case, but that the purchase of the raw material at the opportune moment Is controlling. This raw material is very fluctuating, and the extreme range in price inva- riably covers all the profits a cotton mill can make. The present season is no exception to the rule.
 MT. Southworth's testimony has up. set all the theories that New England theorists have been spinning these many years. Last week MT. South worth testified that southern mills paying wages as high as are paid In Massachusetts, could undersell the lat ter's mills, and now he explains his testimony. of last week by stating that mills amid the cotton fields know when to buy cotton. They are in posi- tion to judge the crop, and to buy at bottom prices.
 These things are no doubt well un- derstood by cotton mill men, but no mill man in Massachusetts has hereto fore made them public before the state arbitration board. They go far towards accounting for the steady re- moval of the spinning industry to the cotton growing states.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-04-19
Politics This Year.

This Is by no means an uninterest- ing year in politics, for not only are the politicians of both parties busy in giving shape to the great contest of next year, but several very significant elections will take place. In Ohio, for example, Tom l.. Johnson will doubt less be the democratic nominee for governor, and the contest between him and a candidate to be named by Mark Hanna will be extremely lively and interesting. Hanna is making a fight for reelection to the senate, and the legislature to be elected in Novem, Der will decide his case.
 In Kentucky, too, there will be a warm contest, the republicans by no means conceding the state to the dem ocrats; and in Maryland a like fight will take place. Both of these border states are now contested states, and the counting of the November ballots will be closely watched. Governor Smith will doubtless be renominated in Maryland, and the legislature will elect Senator McComas' successor. Senator McComas proposes to be his own successor, and the administration will assist him to the utmost.
 In Rhode Island, too, there is to be state election in November, and Governor Garyin expects to be re- elected. He is an active and ag- gressive democrat, and the revolt against boss rule and Allison pluto cratic rule is very marked in that lit t.e state. Out in Iowa, too, the tariff reyisicn republicans are moving, and there may be music in the air from that quarter of the country.
 No general state election will occur this year in New York, but the repub- licans are letting 1t be known that that state is no longer pivotal-that they can win without it. The parti- zans of MT Roosevelt say he can carry everything outside of the solid south except Nevada, and that he can there fore dispense with the vote of New York, and are endeayoring to win
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-04-19
Richer Slang.

From the New York Tribune.
 In the classic precincts of Cambridge, where the literary tradition of education survives, the students have richer slang than in American universities student is never 'in' Cambridge, but always up" If he is leaving college for day or two he will tell his friends that he is going down The first person you encounter on entering your rooms is not your landlady She is your "bedder," which is an abbreviation of 'bedmaker." The custom of abbreviating. words and adding the affix ser' is universal at Cambridge. One does not go to ones lecture" but ones "lecker." Football (Rugby or associat tion) is. of course. as elsewhere, "foOter'' Gugger or socker). The early meal is always .'brelker.' But there is also a purely varsity meal known as brunch" This takes place on Sunday. 1t is a combination of break fast and luncheon, and does duty for both. It is well to know that you do not live" at Cambridge-you keep You will be asked: Where are you keeping?' when friends inquire your address. IT in- side your college you tell them that you keep in coll" You don't inquire if any one is dining in hall" but if they will keep a hall" You Keep a chapel" and if you attend that of Kings college you say you are going to keep King s. Do not smoke pipe, but keep" one. If they are going to theater, concert or meeting, it is a case of keeping A "stinks man. is one who is taking the natural science trfpos.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-04-19
clncinnati's Fall Festival.

John A. Ringold of Cincinnati, chair man of the publicity committee for the Cincinnati fall festival, which will be held from September to 19, inclusive, was member of the party of manufacturers which spent yesterday in Birmingham In speaking of the festival MT. Rlngold said:
 'We expect to make 1t the greatest event ever held in Cincinnati. The direc- tors have voted me $16,OOO already to be used solely for advertising, and we In tend that everyone within 300 miles of our city shall become interested in 1t.
 "One thing that will be of special inter- est to Birmingham is the fact that we are going to have one day called Birmng- ham day We already have a party of 100 Birmingham people pledged to attend on that day in a body and before the date of the festival we expect that a much larger number will have promised to be present.
 We feel too, that we deserve large delegation from this city, for it Is some thing of an honor to have an entire day set aside to Birmingham. because it will be a wonderful advertisement for the city.
 "Of course l cannot say what the at fractions at the festival are to be, for the matter has not yet been definitely decided; but we simply want 1t under stood that the past reputation of the Cincinnati festivals will be totally eclip- ead
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-04-19

may declare an absolute secession in case of their failure. still. however. the se- cession must in such case be distinctly and peremptorily declared to take place on that event; and in such case as in the case of an unconditional secession, the previous ligament with the union would be ligltimately and fairly destroyed. But in either case Conditional or uneondition- al seeession) the people is the only nov ing power. Page 29s)n
 Nor is this all John Quincy Adams plainly shows that the question of soy ereignty as between a state and the federal union was an open question down to the close of the civil war left so intentionally by the framers Of the constitution, and never changed by Marshall or by the other judicial expounders of that instrument. The right in the national government to coerce a state was not established un- til General Lee laid down his arms, overcome by superior forces and re. sources. It was then and there set tied that a state once in the union must remain in the union until the union itself falls to pieces. Not even congress can release it.
 But General Lee had been differently taught by Uncle Sam and by all the publicists of his state and section down to the outbreak of civil war. What moral offense, then, did he com. nit? What objection, then, can be brought in all reason against statue to be erected by Virginia in Statuary hall to the great Confederate chief tain?
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-04-19
Tornado Season.

There were few winds of a destruc. tive nature in the early months this year, but since April came in they have occurred with customary ire queney. As a rule these storms spring up in April, May and June, when lay CTS of heated air and layers of cold air are intermingled, and moisture is abundant. These conditions are ia vorable to the propagation of the whirling storms that are called tor nadoes.
 These formidable forces usually are fcImed in daylight hours of warm, murky days, and they move towards the northeast or east, and their diam eter rarely exceeds a thousand feet, and is more apt to he less, down to one hundred feet. Numerous and ter rifying as they are in this broad land, yet they kill annually only about 150 persons, whereas the annual victims of lightning number about 300.
 The tornado belt is all of the eoun- try south of Minneapolis and east ol the tc othills of the Rocky mountains. None of the Mississippi valley or of the Atlantic slope is exempt from such visitations. Some localities have been fortunate, but all are subject to visits in the territory mentioned.
 In the northwest, where such storms are more frequent, cyclone cellars are a part of the equipment of every we'll supplied farm or residence, but any hole, cellar, ditch or other depression will answer the purpose of safety al most as well. The truth is, a real live swirler is very searching in it's narrow path, or rather in the spots it hits as it bumps along the earths surface, and it is difficult to say where one IS the safer, although it is well to re- member that all sucn storms come from the southeast or west.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-04-19
Wall Street.

All the financial papers are full of dis cussion touching the effects of the decis- ion in the Northern Securities merger case The Financial Age which is re- garded as one of the ablest papers of it's class, said in it's issue of yesterdays date:
 "The hysterical weakness of the stock market in response to the decision is not altogether warranted. The value of the rans-continental trunk lines and the properties of our vast industrial combna- tions cannot depreeiate one dollar in value because of any decision that may be rendered by virtue of the interstate commerce law; neither is it likely that the ingenuity that devised the community of interest idea will suffer that idea to be completely abandoned; and whereas, the placing of absolute control of rival prop critics in the hands of a coterie of men will doubtless be more difficult in the future, there is no reason to presume that these properties will pass into the hands of interests other than friendly to the present managements
 "There is one favorable phase of the subject that has been almost entirely lost sight of and that is the effect of the decision on public opinion With the knowledge that the courts may exercise Jurisdiction over the ownership of what are commonly known as trusts, there will be less opposition to these combina- tions in the future, and efforts to cur tall their powers will be confined to the exercise of a proper federal or state su- pervison over their affairs so far as they concern the public at large.
 "The money market is slowly resuming it's normal condition, and while there Is no disposition to recklessly extend cred it's, a gradual easement in rates may be looked for from now on.'
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-04-19
Only Races Count.

From the Boston Herald.
 As far as one may judge by the dis patches from Europe the trials of the new Shamrock are very satisfactory. So far she seems able to defeat her older sister, the Shamrock l., on all points of sailing but it must always be remembered that these are scratch events. not regular races. The real test of the Shamrock III. will not come until she is started against some ninety-foot sloop in regular match over a set course. Then. and then only, can any fair estimate of her real speed be reached, either by those in charge of her or the general public. From the American standpoint the faster she proves the better we should all be pleased There will be just that much more credit in winning from her, and, while we have always held in these matches that the sportsmanlike stand to take is may the best boat win, we are of the opinion that the Shamrock III. win have to prove considerably faster than the Shamrock I. before she can be con- sidered a really dangerous element in Americas cup racing
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-04-19
! NED BRACE TALKS. ABOUT ALL SORTS OF J THINGS OF LOCAL AND GENERAL INTEREST

it's product throughout half dozen southern states.
 Birmingham is likewise the largest cracker manufacturing point in the south, making all sorts of biscuits, crackers and sweetened and favored products of four It also has the largest terra eotta pipe manufaetory in the south, and makes more plumbers soil pipe than any other town south of the Ohio river.
 Indeed, the Birmingham district is dot ted all over with small industries that attract little local interest, but are doing a great business throughout the southern states
 I was delighted to read of the recent canvass made In Virginia as to the choice of the representatives in that states as to the democratic nominee for president. It was overwhelmingly in favor of Senator Arthur P German of Maryland. I believe that a similar test of the men who con- trol politics and represent public senti- ment in Alabama, Georgia, the two Caro- linas and other southern states would ex- hibit a great majority In favor of the distinguished senator from Maryland. German Is undoubtedly the best balanced ablest and most popular man who has been mentioned for the next democratic presidential nomination. He has been in public life for forty years. He has made but few mistakes in that time But for the personal opposition of MT. Bryan he would be almost the unanimous choice of the democrats of this country. Unfor- tunately Mir Bryan does not like MT. German personally. This opposition con- stitutes the only weakness in the German campaign for the nomination. If it is withdrawn German will undoubtedly be the nominee next year; and in view of the fact that Bryan Is lunchIng and chum- ming with Melville Ingalls, In Cincinnati he may yet do likewise with German. As matter of fact German voted for Bryan both times he was nominated, while Ingalls, went off into the Palmer and Buckner crowd.
 Speaking of presidential possibilities 1t is rather queer how quickly booms will collapse. For instance, observe the rise
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-04-19
concerninq Office Surroundings.

Ut is a little strange to me- sald w. F. Greaves of the Big Four, whc main- tains one of the neatest railroad offices in the city, "how careless soma m.n are aeout the appearance of their offices. When | so into a city and call on n man l cannot help judging hin. somewhat by his sur ILLings
 Granting that Birmingham is dirty city and that there Is a great deal of dust. 1t is q comparatively easy matter to keep neat office when the habit is once formed, It Is just as easy to throw waste paper in a basket as on the floor. It Is just as easy to keep papers in order on your desk as to throw them around promiscuously, and little judicious dust ing from time to time makes an office ten times more inviting. If a man is content to sit and work in a slovenly office the natural inference of visitors is that he is sovenly himself.
 "A good janitor and moderate amount of care about the appearance of your office will sometimes go farther towards making friends than the most magnetic of personalities
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-04-19
Good Advertisers.

'I was struck with the way the Gin clnnati visitors used every opportunity to advertise their city, said a member of the Commercial club. "They carried advertising literature I ever saw And they didn't fail to spread it over the city either.
 ''Tll venture the assertion that the peo- pie of Birmingham now know ten t.mes more about Cincinnati than they ever did before. In addition to their literature they talked about the gateway to the south They had with them one of the finest bands obtainable, and a squad Of artillery, both of which were expensive; but they attracted attention and set peo- pie to asking questions"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-04-19

and fall of both the Parker and olney bubbles. Both were charged with hy- drogen gas and sent up in the presence Of the American multitude to the ac- compartment of brass bands and mighty hurrahs; but the crowd soon tired and both the olney and Parker inhations have been lost sight of.
 The two men now before the public are German and Cleveland. Dave Francis of Missouri is in the background dependent upon his past record and the St. Louls Worlds fair. He may blossom out later. He is smart enough to await the running in the home stretch.
 Cleveland may be reckoned as a factor. He Is undoubtedly a man of great mental, as well as moral force. He is of the horse sense kind, as WIS well manifested by his speech on the negro question in New York recently. By that speech he im- pressed himself and his ability upon the sensible people of the north, as well as upon all people of the south. Undoubtedly he Is man of great practical mental strength, and were he an announced can ddate for the democratic presidential  nomination he would be stronger by far than many of us. who have seriously dis agreed with him in the past, might think.
 But Cleveland would not be President again. He has had his full ambition. He has been to the top. He has achieved and borne all the honors the American people have 1t in their power to bestow upon any. one He likewise has fortune. His children will have all they can need. Therefore the former President would spend the balance of his days free and independent enabled at all times to ex- press himself without fear Of political dsfavor' Few men in the history of the world have achieved such position. MT. Cleveland has no hesitancy in stating to his friends that he is eminently satisfied with his present position and that he would not be President again.
 So therefore we may look in other di- rections
 At present German is the conspicuous object in the foreground.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-04-19
UnoIe Sam Taught General Lee.

Virginia has determined to place in Statuary hall, fin the national capitol, statues of Washington and Lee. Washington was rebel, a successful rebel, and no objection was therefore made to a statue to his memory. Lee was an unsuccessful rebel, and when congress is asked to accept statue in his honor. much demagogue debate will spring up.
 And yet Robert F. Lee did what he was taught to do in crisis like that of 1S60-61 by Uncle Sam himself. Ca det Robert E. Lee was graduated at West Point in 1929, and up to 1S40 Rawle's "View of the Constitution" was the academy's text book on Amer ican constitutional law. That all may see what the Cadet Lee was taught, these quotations from that text book are given;
 of a faction should attempt to subvert the government of state for the purpose of destroying its republican form, the pa ternal power of the union could thus be called forth to subdue it. Yet 1t is not to be understood that its interpretation would be justifable if the people of a state should determine to retire from the un- ion, whether they adopted another or re- tained the same form of government. Page 2Se)
 "The states, then, may wholly withdraw from the union; but while they continue they must retain the character of repre- sentative republics Page 29O)
 "The secession of state from the un- ion depends on the will of the people of such state. Page 295.)
 ''Ths people of state may have some reasons to complain in respect to acts of the general government; they may in such cases invest some of their own of fcers with the power of negotiation, and
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-04-19
Death of Wallace Putnam Reed.

Wallace Putnam Reed is dead He was born in the state that his pen never tired in serving. Scholarly, possessing 5oth fancy and a fine sense of humor his work was sought in ~s- paper offices and by publishers of books and magazines. Few names were better known in Georgia, and his fame extended to other states.
 A kinder and more loyable man could not well he found, and the news paper workers in Georgia will deeply deplore the death of their associate, friend and companion. And there are many outside of that state who will long remember the brilliant, genial SOul
The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-04-19
Canary Birds in Trust.

N T. Telegram to Chicago Chronicle.
 The canary bird, cockatoo, bullfnch snake and monkey trust was formed re- gently when there was unloaded from the Koenigen Louise one of the biggest cargoes of live freight of this nature ever shipped to these shores.
 In the ships hold were 130 monkeys baboons, ringtails and other brands of primates-ffty pythons cockatoos, par rots and paroquets galore, and crates containing 40O0 singing birds. They were consigned to the trust which has Its headquarters on Grand street, and since the market is exhausted the prices have been raised to a large degree.