The sun., 1903-05-17

] uncertain IN lto roeWAs Al Wv N0'y WV"
1 tribes there y rarely much posygs1ny.
and women are more or less matter OF
| purchase. There Is also little difference
, OF social conditions and ! think It rarely
happens that any healthy and undeformed
man remains without wife and children.
, very much doubt the often-repeated
! assertion that our aristocracy are more
| beautiful than the middle classes. l allow
+, that they present specimens OF the very
highest kind OF beauty, but doubt the
average have noticed In country places
a greater amount OF good looks among the
middle Glasses, and. besides, We unaVoid-
ably combine, In our idea OF beauty. In
tellectuai expression and refinement OF
manner, which often make the less appear
the more beautiful. Mere physical beauty
i. O., a healthy and regular development OF
the body and features approaching TO the
mean and type OF European mani be-
lieve is quite as frequent In one class OF
society az the other, and much more IRE
Quent in rural districts than In cities Inc
apprehension Is expressed by Mr. Wallace
that, with regard to the rank OF man In
geological classification, he had failed to
make himself Ineligible. Il never meant
to adopt Owens, or any other such views,
but only 10 point out that. from one point
of view, he Is right I hold that distinct
family for man, as Huxley allows, Ia all
that can possibly be given him zoologically'
At the same time. II my theory is TRUE
that, while the animals which surrounded
him have been undergoing modification In
all parts of their bodies TO generic or even
family degree Of difference, he has been
changing almost wholly in the brain and
head-then the geological antiquity, the
species, man, may be a. old as many man.
malian families, and the origin OF the iomily
man may date back to period when some
of the orders first originated
In the same letter from which We have
been quoting, Mr.. Wallace exhibits extraor.
dinary generosity by ascribing to Darwin
priority in the discovery Of the principle
to which the term natural selection has
been applied: As to the theory OF Natural
Selection itself, I shall always maintain
it to he actually yours and yours only.
You had worked 1t out in details had never
thought Of years before had q ray Of light
on the subject. and my paper would never
have convinced anybody. OF been noticed
as more than an ingenious speculation,
whereas your book has revolutionized the
study Of natural history, and carried away
captive the best men OF the present age.
All the merit claim is the having been the
means OF inducing you to write and publish
at once"
Wallaoe's later views concerning the
evolution Of man we're set forth In the
Quarterly Rerieu for April, 1850. They
are distinctly opposed to Darwin's In that
article he maintains that the brain Of man.
as we'll as the organs OF speech. the hand
and the external form could not have been
evolved by natural selection. In one para
graph he writes. 'Tn the brain Of the low
est savages, and. a. far as We know, OF the
prehistoric races, we have an organ little
inferior in size and complexity to that Of
the highest types But the mental re-
quiren,ents Of the lowest savases, such a.
the stralians, or the Andaman islanders
are very title above those OF many animals,
How. then, was an organ developed 30 far
beyond the needs Of it's poesessors? Natural
selection could only have endowed the
savage with brain . little superior to that
Of an ape. whereas he actually possesses
one but very little inferior to that Of the
average members OF our learned societies.
This passage Is marked In Darwin's copy
Of the article with triply underlined MOT
and with shower Of notes Of exclamation.
The editor Of these volumes believes 1t to
have been the Arst occasion on which Dar-
win realized the extent Of the great and
striking divergence In opinion between
himself and Mr.. Wallace.
In 1859, Francis Cation published his
Hereditary Genius: An Inquiry Into It's
Laws and Consequences. About q year
later, Darwin wrote 70 him: Il have only
read about ifty pages OF your book. but 1
must exhale myself, else something will
20 wrong in my inside. do not think I ever
in all my Life road anything more Interest,"
ing and moro original. You have made q
convert OF an opponent in one sense, for
have always maintained that. excepting
fools. men did not differ much In intellect
but only in zeal and hard work. I still
think this il an eminently important diff
ference
Is it true that the scnse Of color has been
but recently acquired by MANI We and
the following observation ia q latter ad-
dressed by Darwin In 1877 to Or. Ernst
Krause, who had answered the question
in the negative: Il attended carefully
to the mental development Of my young
and with two, or, As believe,
three OF them. soon after they had come
to the age when they knew the names OF
all common objects, was startled by OBJ
serving that they seemed quite incapable
of afixing the right names to tho colors |
in oolored engravings, although tried |
to teach them. distinctly
remember declaring that they wore color
blind, but this afterward proved ground
less fear" Darwin mentions that, on COM
this fact to another person.
he was Informed that nearly similar case
had been noticed. He inferred that the
difficulty which young children expert
enced, either In distinguishing or In naming
colors, deserved further investigation. He
added that 'it formerly appeared to me
that the gustatory sense, At least In the
case Of my own infants. and very young
children, differed from that Of grown-up
persons. This was shown by their not dis
liking rhubarb mixed With little sugar
and milk, which is to US abominably nau-
seous, and In their strong taste for tho
sourest fruits. such as unnpe gooseberries
and crab-apples"
Under date Of Nov. is. 1871, Darwin re-
fers to an article in which Francis Galton
had proposed certificates OF health a. oon-
ditions OF marriage, and had argued that
only the men and women who were physi-
cally best should bs mated. Il have lately
been led we read. TO reflect little on