The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1903-09-09
eroded surface, so that their original
thickness can only be estimated


GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS.
In addition to the straitigraphic forma-
ton previously described the district has
been the scene of gigantic labors by all the
forces of nature, in ages past. The strata,
once level, have been fiexed, distorted,
faulted, resulting in the formation of the
mountains, while at some period long
past, presumably in Carboniferous
times, the uplift, causing extensive
faulting, was followed by intrusions
of granite magma from the depths of
the earth, this molten rock filling the faults
and assures and forming the true granite
and porphyry rocks of the present day.
There has been great erosion, for unknown
ages and the various beds and masses of
intrusive rocks are exposed in such man
ner that all of them, from oldest to young
est are to be Seen at some point in the
mountains and at many places a majority
of them are in evidence.
1t Is evident that the intrusive rocks have
played an important part in the minerali-
cation Of the district, but just how and
when is a matter on which the biologists
are not all agreed. Roughly speaking. the
proved cupriferouS field of the Warren
district may be called the half OF an oval,
lying a little west of south of a line drawn
through the center of Sacramento hill,
which is a very noticeable hill of darker
color than any other in the district lying
just southeast of Bisbee and containing
considerable quantities of iron ore and oc
easionai copper; Comparing Sacramento
the thin edge of the pit projecting, the
mines developed or developing may be said
to lie in that quarter OF the peach lying
lengthwise through the center of the pit.
Whether copper will be found in the hills
north and east of the line denoting the de-
narration of the limestone and '.porphyry''
is an open question, but to date nothing of
promise has been discovered there.
In the northwestern end of the half-oval
per Queen mine, long ago worked out, or at
least supposed to be exhausted. Following
to the southeastward come the Gear shaft,
then the Holbrook shaft and finally the
Next is the Irish Mag shaft Of the Calumet
& Arizona, after which comes the Lowell
shaft of the Copper Queen. These COM
prise the productive shafts of the district
and may be said to represent the limits of
the developed portion Of the half-oval.
Beyond these. but still in the golden circle,
Gardner shaft of the Copper Queen, the
new Senator shaft of the Calumet & Ari-
zona the shaft of the Calumet & Pittsburg,
bottomed in good ore and the main shaft Of
the last named shafts are within the cop
per circle and certain to find ore, is scarce
ly open to doubt; The lands of the Pitts
all likelihood, and the Junction Develop
ment Company officials believe that they
are also safely within the ropes, while the
DEVELOPMENTS at the old Whitehall Deer
mine of the Copper Queen render it rea-
sonably certain that the Wolverine & Ari-
iona is also located within the charmed
circle. The mining properties adjoining
the properties named are all believed by
their promoters to be within the oval and
the Higgins and Calumet and Coochise can
make out pretty strong cases in support
of this contention.
HORACE j. STEVENS.