The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-08-09

/ thyme, rosemary, orriS or iris root, Dill
/ ter almond, violet, cassie Or opopo-
max, tuberose. jasmine and to some ex-
| tent such plants as anise. caraWay
fennel dill and coriandeT.
The question in respect to the rose
as with other scent plants, is not
| whether or where the rose will grow,
| but will the flowers produced be rich
enough in oil and at the same time
| easily produced? 1t is stated to be
| perfectly certain that under no condi-
ton is the odor of the rose fully de-
veloped except in very hot climates;
yet such is not the climatic condition
of the great seats of rose farming in
Europe. Turkish altar of roses, for
.. instance, is mainly produced In Bull
/ garia and is carried on in the fertile
valleys on the southern slope of the
/ Balkans. In this region, where wheat
and the ordinary cereals are produced,
there is cold and snow in winter,
| abundance of moisture in the spring
and autumn. and drought in summer.
Rose farming was undertaken In
| SaXony some years since by LeIpslg
| firm and appears to have been~main-
| tanned up to the present time with
some success; a. further departure
| from the hot climate considered neces-
| Sary. The roses employed for altar
making in Europe are: In Bulgaria
| the red damask rose and in the south
| OF France the provence rose, a hybrid
or variety of the hundred-leaf rose, to
which also belongs the well known
! cabbage rose. These roses are both
spring boomers, though the damask
rose has a short autumn season as
well, and their bloom lasts for only
about month. What is wanted to
make rose farming popular is a per-
petual bloomer, which will have the
requisite quantity and quality of oil
and will give work for five or six
months on a plantation. Wherever
grown the rose must have a rich soil,
but there is a mass of evidence which
shows that heavy manuring, while in
creaSing the quantity of the yield in
| flowers and oil, is prejudicial to the
| quality Of the oil obtainable.
The well known tuberose is one of
| the staples of the flower farms at
Grasse, in the south of France. 1t is
| also grown in America; and North
| Carolina now furnishes bulbs both for
| that country and for Europe. The
| perfume is extracted from the bloom
by the enfieurage process, and brings
a good price.
Jasmine is also extensively grown in
the vicinity of Grasse. In India the
Arabian jasmine is highly esteemed
and grown for it's perfume. None of
the jasmines, however, can stand frost,
difficulty which is overcome at
Grasse by banking the plants to GER
tain height during winter. The culti-
walton of the plants and the gathering
of the flowers are expensive; but as
the perfume of jasmine is regarded as
almost the only one that cannot be i'm
itated it is generally pure, and there
fore brings high price.
The perfume known to the French
and the perfumery trade as cassie and
in America as opopnaX, is obtained
from the acacia faresiana. The acacia
which gives cassie is small tree
growing twenty or thirty feet high,
| and the source of the perfume is the
| flowers, which are borne in small
round heads of a yellow color. This
tree is extensively grown in the south
of France, and the odor is extracted
by maceration, also by enffeurag e.
There are several other acacias which
yield a perfume.
True lavender, plant of the mint
family, furnishes a well.known per-
fume. This plant f1ourishes in Eng
land under cultivation in a remark
able manner, and as grown formerly at
Mitcham in Surrey and other locali-
ties in the south of England it devel-
ops into bush. The special charac-
ter of the English plant is said to be
due to the conditions under which it is
grown-namely, the mild, moist air
and the calcareous soil. Whatever be
the cause, the oil obtained from 1t is
claimed and usually admitted to be
far superior in delicacy of fragrance
to that obtained from the wild plant