davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1903-10-14
ENORMOUS DAMAGES
Done by the Floods That Have
Swept Cities in New Jersey
ard Pennsylvania.
AGGREGATE REACHES MILLIONS
AT Paterson Alone Going Above s2,.
OO0,0oO-Hundreds in Peril
Industries Paralyzed-
Total Loss of Life.

..
Paterson, N. J.. Oct 12.-For near.
ly forty-eight hours Paterson was at
the mercy of the Passaic river. The
waters maintained height sufficient
to cut the western half Of the city
from the eaxtern, and almost all means
of communication by bridges havebeen
destroyed. Two bridges above the falls
remain, but approach to them is i'm
possible. Three bridges below the vol
ley Of the rocks still stand, but It is
impossible to reach them. Seven 9th
en- bridges in the city have been car
ried away, and their loss alone is half
q millions dollars The inundation Of
the low lying districts OF the city has
resulted In inconceiyable damage to
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1903-10-14
DEATH OF W. 5. B1ssE11
Clevelnnd's Postmaster General Goes t
the Common Lot with His
Friends Near.

Buafflo. N. Y, Oct. Wilson s.
Bissell, eN-postmaster general, is dead.
The end came easily and peacefully.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1903-10-14
Flood washinr a Hin AWAY,

The food, however, is beginning to
recede. A number of buildings have
fallen and many others have been un-
dermined. II they do not fall they
will be at least untenanable. Spruce
street hill is falling away piecemeal,
and only a little more than two feet Of
dirt and Stone separate the falls basin
from the big black race through which
millions of gallons of water are rush
ing every hour. The gate house is in
q very weakened condition, and is lia-
BILE to go il Spruce street hill breaks
much more,
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1903-10-14

Mayor Hinchcliffe who was at this
point all nightsuperintending the work
of Strengthening the dykes and wat
er gates, regards the situation as most
critical. One hopeful sign Mt this plnce
is that the water has fallen sever
nj inches. All day long boatmen have
been at work rescuing people from
the flooded districts. The suffering in
the First and Second wards has been
intense, as it was almost impossible
to reach the residents here. Several
hundred persons were removed from
houses completely surrounded by the
flood and ready to collapse at any mo-
merit. A dozen or more Of these hou-es
later did collapse, and aoated down
the stream.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-12-15
THE PEST OF SPARROWS.

The Government has again been
giving some attention to the English
sparrow and, while at this writing
no definite statistics are obtainable,
it is roughly estimated that there are
upwards of a hundred million Of the
little feathered creatures in this
country. The sparrows have long ago
been voted a pest, but it was not I'M
til recently that strenuous efforts
have been made toward their extermi-
nation.
Equip the boys with the Stevens
rife" says a well-known Washington
official, "and the sparrow question
won't be a matter of doubt very
long"
This thought is right in line with
the ideas that the J. Stevens Arms
& Tool Co., of Chicopee Fails, Mass,
the well-known frearm makers, have
been advocating for sometime. Ihe
Stevens people have been urging the
use of the small calibre rifle on farms
where not only the sparrow, but wood
chucks, squirrels, crows, hawks are
also sources of nuisance.
AS a general proposition 1t does
seem reasonable to believe that a
man or boy, armed with a stevens
and instructed in its use, could soon
rid the neighborhood of the living
crop destroyers at a small outlay anu
have a lot of fun himself while doing
the work.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-12-15
HOLIDAY EXCUR'
SION FARES-19O3-19O4.

The Southern Railway announce
on account of the Christmas no III
days, round trip tickets between az
points within the territory easV Ta
the Mississippi and south Oh 'H'
Ohio and Potomac Rivers; Las.
Rate: One and one-third hrst-cIaoJ3
standard one way rate for the rouno
trip plus 25 cents. %,
Tickets will be sold December a 81
"a and %; also December 81 In Init
and January 1, 1904, with final lnnl'
For students and teachers r;,7 be- be-
schools and colleges: Tickets Mnn w.
sold on presentation Of ceftln nrin,
signed by the superintendent 16 to
cipals or presidents, Decemoer ~
%, final limit January 8, 1914. Ill IN
For 5ri fsFt h +I P]aE s615BePa Railway Ssii az
OF IS Ta R. GREEN, G. T. A.
Raleigh, N u
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-12-15
The Young Peoples
Weekly,
The Girls Companion
The Boys World.

While each OF these papers aims at the
same vitality i'm portant and; namely. help
ing the boys and girls of to-day to become
the strong, upright men and women OF to-
morrow, each covers the ground in q differ
snt way
THE YOUNG PEOPLES WEEKLY is of
intense interest to the whole family. It's stO-
ries, special departments and other features
q peal to and help every member OF the
household.
THE GIRLS COMPANION (Weakly) is
devoted exclusively 10 matters Of deepest in
terest to girls, while the BOYS WORLD
weekly helps the boys to become clean,
~straightforw ward men by showing them how
to mix their Christianity with t1eir every
day life. The combined circulation OF thsse
three publications now exceeds three-quar-
ters OF q million, and is rapidly growing. To
convince you Of their merit, we will send all
three for three months (thirteen Wesks) for
twenty-five cents.
DAVID O. COOK PUBLISHING CO.,
ELGIN,
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-12-15

South, as well as of the worlds tex
tile interests, will be advanced by a
very great increase in the cotton pro-
duction of the Southern States, and
it is altogether probable that with
in the next five or ten years, with
the growing consumptive require
ments of the world, there will be
need of a crop of 100000 or b.
100000 bales in the South"
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-12-15
The Popular Science
Monthly.
The contents oHthe December Number
include the following articles: 49,.

The contents OF December Number
include the following articles: ..,..
Recent Theories in regard to the Determine
ton Of Sex. Prof T. H.
The Academy Of science Of ST. Louis.
Prof WILLIAM TRELEASE.
The Tetvahedal Kites Of DR. Alexander Gra-
ham Bell. GILBERT H. GRoSvENOR.
HtrtZian Wave Wireless TeIegrapty y.
DR.. j. A. FLEMING.
The Salmon and Salmon Streams of Alaska.
President DAVID STARR
The Storm Center in the Balkans
DR.. ALLEN MCLAUGHLIN.
The Growth of Rural Population.
RAN T. CARLTON.
Rear Admiral Melville, US. N, and Applied
Fleet. The Late Prof. r H. THURSTON.
HI POPULAR SCIFNCE MONTHLY has bad
few rtva s and no equal in the educattVe SER
vice IL has done for the American people A
complete set Cf the volumes thus far pub
Ikhed Is both history of science for the pc
Rod covered. and at the same time q pretty
complete cyclOpedia of natural science.
There Is nothing to I'LL its place, and to carry
1T on is benefactiOn to the public.-W. 7. HAIR
RTs, US Comm ssiOner of Education.
THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY,
"a, NEW YORK CITY.
$500 per year. 80 cents per copy,
~ THE POPULAR SCIENCE will
be sent for six months for one dollar to new
subscribers mentioning the Progressive
Farmer.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-12-15

the year in New York was not over
ten cents a pound, except one year
in which it was a fraction less. Re
viewing the average yield per acre
in three-year periods beginning with
1871, the Manufacturers Record
says:
"These figures showing the aver
age yield per acre indicate that for
the three-year period ending with the
r of 1924, to the similar period
ending with 1891-'92, covering TWEEN
ty-one years, there were no material
changes in the yield which would in
dictate any permanent increase or de-
crease in the productivity of the soil.
The average yields for three-year
periods during that time huctuated
between 191 pounds per acre and
1873 pounds; but beginning with the
three-year period from 1892'93 to
1s94-'95, when the average was 1876
pounds per acre, or more than the
average for any similar period dur
ing the preceding twenty-one years.
there was a very marked increase In
the yield per acre, reaching 223
pounds in the three-year period
| 1895-'96 to 1897-'98, so far above any
yield prior to that period, except fol
a single year since 1871-72, that it
stands out alone as a period of phe-
nomenal production per acre. The
next three-year period showed a
small decrease, but was still much
higher than in any preceding three
year period since 1971-'72. For the
two years ending with 1902'03 the
average was 1873 pounds, a further
decline, but still above the average
for the twenty-one year from
1871-'72 to 1891'92. The yield for
this year will probably be much
smaller than for many years, but the
weather conditions were so abnormal
that no fair deduction as to the pro-
ductivity of the soil or seed can
be based on this.
off we look back for six years only
we see a steady decline in the av-
erage yield per acre-a decline that
would by itself seem so alarming as
to command the most serious atten-
ton of the country; but if we GO
back of that for twenty years we
find that the high averages between
1895'96 and 100000 we're abnormal
and, therefore, the decrease in the
production per acre may not be &C
serious as it looks on it's face. Or
the other hand, these high averages
for the whole South between 1896
and 1898 may in part be due to the
heavy opening up of new and fertile
soil in Texas, Indian Territory anC
Oklahoma, off-setting a decline IL
the older sections. At any rate, thu
cotton situation is one which de
mands the widest Investigations b!
the National Government and tn,
? experts of every agricultural col
lege in the South. The welfare O
the whole country, the vast foreig1
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-12-15
THE FUTURE OF COTTON FARMING.

The Southern Crop ana the H1eId Eer
Aere-Review Of Production in the
Last Thirty Years-The Worlds
Growing Requirements.
The Manufacturers Record of De-
eember 18th, in an elaborate review
of cotton production during the last
thirty years, gives among other facts
the average yield per acre for each
year as a basis for the discussion
of questions afectinp the future,
such as the claims which have been
made by some of the deterioration OF
seed by reason of selling the best
seed to the cotton oil mills, the de-
terioration of the soil by reason of
the negro tenantry system, and the
insufficient supply of farm labor, be-
cause of the rapid growth of indus
trial employment, to enable the South
to materially increase its cotton
yield.
Pointing out how the abnormally
low prices which prevailed from 1891
to 1898 had been as improbable to
Southern farmers as the low prices
of wheat and corn some years ago
(when in some places it was more
profitable to burn corn as fuel than
to ship it east) were to Western
farmers, the Manufacturers Record
shows that since the upward trend of
cotton prices a few years ago the to-
tai value of cotton and cottonseed
for the last five years has been 81
575,O00 900. against 81, IT'S 100000 for
the preceding FIVE years, or a gain
in the last five years of $800,000,000
over the amount received by the
South for it's cotton crop in the pre-
ceding five year period.
These stupendous figures indicate
something of what the higher price
of cotton means to the welfare of
the entire South. The value of the
cotton crop of 1892'O3, including
seed, was $685., 900, ZOO. The value of
the present crop, including seed, may
be safely estimated at 1925, 600, 900:
but added to the very great increase
in the value of the South's cotton
crop is the fact that it raised prob
ably the largest corn crop which it
ever produced, the value of which is
many millions of dollars greater than
the corr crop of last year. The
100000 900 received by the South
for its cotton during the last five
years in excess of what it received
during the preceding five years is
nearly twice as much as the entire
capital invested in all the cotton
mills of the United States in 1900; il
is more than the present market
value of the entire property of Tho
United States Steel Corporation
more than the market value of the
Standard Oil Company, and more
than the entire capital of all the
national banks of the United States
For the first two or three years o.
this fve-year period the Southern
farmers used their increased earning
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-12-15
Have for Distribution q a. sW NJ , lot <

Seeded Russian Sunfower Seed, and viii
send g small package, while supply lasts, to
any one enclosing a tWO-cent stamp and
promising to report success.
w. F. MASSEY,
H~orticulturist North Carolina Experiment
Station, Raleigh, n. c.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1903-12-15

The Greatest Com
bEnatFOn Offer OF its Kind
Ever Made.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1903-09-22

doba. elev6 a Mahoma su espi-
rftu puro; su oracion lego hasta
ell trono del Profeta, y una gotta
de consuelo resbalo por su alma
atribulada. Zelima, la fel COM
panera de su vida, era infecun-
da, Y el temblaba como el tlerno
arbolillo pensando que iba a ex-
tinguirse su raza, y que su NOM
bre seria mas odiado que la tenn
pestad, porque no acertara a per-
petuarlo. La oraci6n del Gre
yente es fecunda como TN gra-
no de trigo; a los nueve meses
del dia en- que Almanzor invoco
al Profeta, Zelima dio a luz una
nifa,.y su padre, temblando de
algeria, jur6 por el sagrado nom
bre de Dios no unirla sino a va
ron que fuese hermoso como
ella, porque la pequefla Zoraida
era como le azucena que acaba
de abrirse, y sus ojos mas gratos
que eli manantial del desierto.
Mas layl que el hombre es fra
gil vase de vidrio, y sus proyec-
tos aroma de pebetero, riquisimo
q los sertidos, pero tenue y tu-
gaz cual ell aliento del mort
bundo.
Y pasaron muchos anos de
algeria; ell caudillo suspiraba a
veces, porque sus manos va no
podian sustentar la robusta Ian
"a de combate; Zelima moraba
con los elegidos, viva Zoralda
y este bastante al pensamiento
de Dios, misterioso sie1npre, por-
que el misterio es al alma 10 que
a los ojos las tinieblas; eleva y
engrandece, por 10 mismo que
esta muy apartado de la com1n
inteligencia.
Y era la segunda luna del
aflo. Decir que Zoraida era Hor
de hermosura, fuera asegurar
que ell rio CORE y que ell torren-
te Drama; vel halito de la virtud
viva de continue en- su alma, y
de continue vagaba por sus re-
conditos senos para aromar las
flores que en- ella qrecian. sMas
por que suspiraba cuando las es
trellas Ilucian en- ell frmamento
semejantes a los faros de la
eternidad? iPor que, al buscar
en- ell lecho ell necesario descan-
so, Ell lecho la rechazaba? Nunca
viera rostro de hombre; icual
era su affection, que hacia Ian
guidecer sus mejillas, doradas
espigas que brotaron al aroma
de la infancia? Su padre, in
quieto siempre, como todo padre
que posee hija hermosa. no acer-
taba con la dolencia de la Suya;
1por que no acertaba? Porque
el corazon de una doncella es
cual ell oasis que a 10 lejos des-
aparece entire las nieblas de la
soledad; es una planta, cuyas
hoias sc confunden al traves de
la espesa yerba de mayo, y no
hay ojo nj mente que penetre
Dor la niebla del desierto, nj Sc
pare una por una las yerbecitas
da 1a r,rir1oaVera
Una manana, despues de la
oracion, Almanzor fue en- busca
de su hija: "Tal vez (decia ha-
blando consigo mismo) tai vez
la hallare vestida de lagrimas;
tai vez toque va la terra del do
lor; pero 20 la consolare, porque
las palabras de un padre son Sc
milla de consuelo y campo de
esperanza'.
Entr6 Almanzor en- el profun-
do retrete donde Zoraida viva,
como la sombra de una esperan-
"a en- la CASA del frmamento;
entro, pues, y miranda a su hija
,On melancolia:
-Zoraida, lie dijo, til estas iris
tie, Y tristeza de doncella es amor
del corazon; confiame tus cuitas,
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1903-09-22

s-Porque en- tanto no pierda
su aroma, mas grato a mi alma
que, tn misma voz, Mahomed
vivira, y vivira para Zoraida.
Y desde entonces padre 6 hija
miraban la flor, porque era el
vase de su felicidad 8 de su des-
dicha.-Una mafana, icruel ma
hana! va sus hojas Sc inclinaban
al suelo como Ell desfallecido
viajero; su aroma Sc habfa per.
dido, cual Sc pierde la algeria en-
Ell yermo del pecado; en- vano la
doncella la beso una y mil We
ces; sus besos acabaron de mar
chitarla; los besos de unos la
bios doloridos son fuego que con-
sumo, y las flores quieren el
fresco retozar de los cefros.
Entonces Zoraida inclin6 su
cabeza, rosa que Sc ajo al viento
del dolor-y al huir de la ST.
guiente aurora, su espfritu, cru
Zando al traves del esmaltado
campo del frmamento, fue a
buscar el espiritu de Mahomed
Almanzor la siguio en- su peno-
sa travesfa; la vieja encina cae
al sue1o cuando le faltan sus raj
ces; y el alma del anciano cau-
dillo sc sentaba en- Ell rostro de
la infortunada doncella.
Aquella flor era ia flor de la
vida =; cuando sus hojas langui-
decen, Ell alma Sc pierde en- un
mundo poblado de sombras;
cuando su aroma la abandona,
la luz va no asoma a las venta-
mas del corazon; lpor que moi
asoma? porque la flor de la vida |
guarda en- su caliz una virgen|
vestida de dolor; una virgen|
que cantay sonrie, mientras hay |
ambiente en- los labios y luz en-
los ojos; una virgen a quien los
hombres apellidan LA Espe-
ranZa'.
o. MARTICORENA.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1903-09-22
La flor de un dla.

Zoraida quiso hablar, y una
lagrima cayo de sus ojos; lque
palabras valen 10 que una lagri-
mar Zoraida 10 saba; hay seres
que adivinan ell elocuente 81
lencio del dolor, asi como hay
seres que adivinan la sonrisa
del placer.
En- vano Almanzor obligaba q
la doncella; marchose con ell al
ma vestida de luto; el pobre pa
Dire presentia una desgracia; la
sombra del infortunio iba con el.
-lDios, murmuraba. til que
das sombra a la noche y rocio a
las flores, vierte sobre Zoraida
la misericordia de tn diestra;
muera 20; pero haz que mi es-
piritu, cuando vuelva a este va
lie de luto, mire la sonrisa en-
los labios de mi desdichada hija!
Mahomed, el t1nico hijo del
valiente Zel1n, habia sido visto
por Zoraida al traves de las es-
pesas celosias; Mahomed era
fuerte como I'm arbol silvestre;
su lanza volaba en- los campos
de batalla como la hoz entire las
debiles espigas, y en- su rostro.
hermOso cual de un arcangel, Sc
pintaban las virtudes de su al
ma. Los dos ninos sc amaron; !;
con el amor de las tortolas; y
cuando el viejo Almanzor tuvo
noticias de este, va era muy tar
de, que ell fuego del primer ca
rirlo es hoguera que consume
las ra1ces mas hondas del cora
zon. Ell rostro de Mahomed era
grato a los sentidos; mas una
ancha arruga cruzaba por su
frente, semejante a una sombra
de desdicha, y aquella arruga
labro la de los dos amantes. Ell
tremendo juramento que Ell pa |
Dire de la nina hiciera a su Dios, |
no Sc podria borrar, a menos
que ella fuese a visitar ell cielo
de la MEGA, a purifcarse en- su
pozo, cuyas aguas caen sobre
las manchas del pecado cual las
oraclones de la diestra del On
nipotente.
Horrible tue ell combate queI
Ell anc1ano mulsuman sostuvo
consigo mismo; horribles tam
b1en las angustias de los dos
desventurados, que conocian
cuanto una arruga era obstaculoI
a su felicidad. Ell viaje a la
MEGA quedo aplazado para des-
pues de I'm aflo. Y lego el d1a
de partir, porque las a1icciones
caminan muy deprisa. CuandoI
la caravana trasponia las puer-
tas de la ciudad, Mahomed, acer-
candose humilde a Zoraida lal
dijo:
-Admite, ioh perla de mis- en-
traflas! admite esa flor que hel
cogido del huerto de mi madre; |
81 Sc marchita, piensa en- ell es-
piritu de Mahomed.
Y pasaron muchos meses; ALL
manor visito la MEGA, purifco
su corazon, y dio la vuelta a sus
hogares; asi la vigilante gacela
core por ell desierto, mira a to-
das parties, y regresa jadeante al
lado de sus hijos, sin tenor del
que el tigre vaya a sorprender-|
los. Zoraida Sc halo en- un os-
euro retrete, sin saber como ha-I
bia venido; Jay! que durante su
larga peregrinacion sus ojos es-
tuvieron de continue clavados
en- la flor; su Corazon permane-
clio atado al recuerdo de Maho-
med, porque hay recuerdos quel
son como la alta torre de las rui-
mas de Trio; rugen los espiritus
de la tempestad, Y ella alza su
cabeza con Ell orgullo del con-
quistador, va que la historic Sc
sienta en- las robustas piedras
que la SuStentan.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1903-09-22
A los farnaceuticos

kecomendamos a voSos los sefiores
farmaceuticos de la is1a. la lectura del
artfculo que aparece en- otro lugar de
este periodico tituiado "Hombres y
Mujeres" Sc refere q TN gran medica
mento que prepare en- Chicago el afa
mado DR.. w. II Gaunders el cua1 dc
ben tener todos en- su Farmacia.
Ell -eferido Dr.. desea ponerse en- CO
municacion directa con todos los far
naceuticos y1es suplica, por medic
del BoLETIN. 81 correspondence.
The Farmington times and herald. (Farmington, St. Francois Co., Mo.) 1902-1905, 1903-03-26
Amputated The Eye BALL.

The right eye ball of it'll Iva
Yeager, the four year old daughter of
MIR. Andrew loarger, was amputatcd
on last Saturday, because it could not
be saved. The accident which injured
the eye happened several weeks ago.
The little girl was cutting on wire
when the knife slipped and the point
entered the cye-ball She was i'll ut
the time with the grip, and the roads
were impossible, so that she was c. III
PEELED to 90 without medical nttcn.
ton. The operation removing the
eye. ball, which was done by DR.. o. A
Smith, was 50 performed that the
muscles controlling the movement Of
the eye were left intact, and an arti-
fetal eye can be substituted, which
will be practically indisringuiShablc
from the natural eye 1t will be as
completely under the control of the
muscles as the natural eye Is.
The Farmington times and herald. (Farmington, St. Francois Co., Mo.) 1902-1905, 1903-03-26
The Folks Up Willow Greek

vii! he produced at the Opera
House in Pennington on Tuesday,
March 3lSt. No stories that re
call the old home among the
hills, the sllvcry brook, the slop-
ing woodland, the wide stretch.
ing meadows, the fragrant hay,
and the curious doings of the
old folks and the farm hands, will
ever lose their interest Such n
story is told in the play The Folks
up Willow Creek " presented by
the Frank Davidson company. \
sweet, clean, delightful touch of
rural life. Absolutely perfect in
its scenery aud presentation. 1t is
a sermon, song, poem and n
picture combined, not only en-.
chanting while you listen, but
lingering with You rs pleasant
memory for many, many days.
Opera House, one night only,
March 3lst.
The Farmington times and herald. (Farmington, St. Francois Co., Mo.) 1902-1905, 1903-03-26
STOCKHOLDERS MEETING.
Electric Railway Directors Elected
Monday Morning,

The annual meeting of the stock
holders Of the st. Francois County
Electric Railway Company was held il
the Mayors Office in this city on Mon.
day morning The meeting was called
to order by President Peter Guessing
The regular election Of the Board OF
Directors was held and the following
were elected Peter Guessing, W. I
Doss, a. r. Nixon, +. c. McCor-
mick, W r. Lang, Ed Klein, A. j..
Iwart, j. b. Smith, W. I. Halle, j..
W Buck and John Guessing. The
board il identical with the last years
board, with the exception of Mr.. John
Guessing, who was elected instead Of
Mr. Sam Pcrringcr.
The new board has not organized
Us yet, though it is very probable that
the same officers will BE- reelected, in
view Of the efficient and thorough ser
vice they have rendered during their
tenurcs.
No business other than the election
of directors was transacted at the
stockholders meeting, The work Of
laying the track is rapidly progressing
and the rails are laid to within short
distance of the completed track from
DclaSsus, No definite statement can
be given out by the officers regarding
the time by which the road will be
completed, but the public may be As.
,urcd that care will be running within
the shortest possible time