davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-01-30

The Advertiser has endeavored faith fully to set before the people of Mont gomery the municipal situation. The as- surances that come from all quarters show that what has been said is appreci- ated and endorsed. but the question of a change in methods IS still with those who are to decide the manner of government under which we are to live for the next few years. All know khat the financial situation is far from rosy. that streets are neglected. that offices have multi piled, expenses mounted up and every thing been conducted in a fashion that would bankrupt any private business or corporation. The remedy is in getting municipal officers who will direct their time and attention to the citys business, who will rigidly enforce the laws, permit no determination and be under the domi- nation of no man. set of men or corpora tions. We have an abundant supply of the right sort of material and enough of 1t ought to be made available for the high purpose of bettering municipal condi- tions.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-01-30
LENGTH OF SCHOOL TERM
And Days of Schooling for Each Child
 of School Age in Several States.

According to the latest available statis tics, the average length of school term and the average number of days of schooling received by each child of school age in several Southern States and in several States of other sections are as sippi, 1051 and 37.9; North Carolina. S.1 and 30; Louisiana. 120 and SIS; Arkansas. 77 and 32. Georgia, 112 and 4S.5; Maine. Al and q; Missouri, IA and 6S.S; Wash ington, 14S and STA; Iowa, l5S and S69; Indiana, 152 and SIS; Michigan, 160 and s55; Delaware. 16O and 75.3; Ohio, 165 and S62; New York, 175 and S9S; California, 166 and 931; Massachusetts, 19S and TOT. A.; South Central States as a whole. 99.7 and l12 and 41.9; Western States as whole 145.7 and s0.5: North Central States as a whole. 1856 and S2.2; North Atlantic States as a whole, 177.1 and s7.5.
 It thus appears that the children or the Western and North Central States at tend school twice as many days In the year as do the children of the South Atlantic and South Central States. and the children of the North Atlantic States two and one-seventh times as many. The children of Indiana, Ohio and Iowa at tend twice as many days as the children of Georgia; the children of Massachusetts more than three and one-half times as many days as the children of North Carolina.
 It should also be remembered that a longer school term and more regular attendance assure better quanty or school; and, so, the child of Indiana really gets more than twice as much school- ing as the child of Georgia, and the child of Massachusetts more than three and one-half times as much as the child of North Carolina.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-01-30
DoN,r DO IT.

A bin has been introduced into Con- sress to make the nst day of October of each year . legal holiday under the name of Columbus Day" If we have any influence with Congressman we re- spectfvlly tell them to don't" There is no reason for such a law. We are not even certain of the date. According to history Columbus discovered or sighted the island of San Salvador, as he named It. on October F. old style, or October P according to the present or new style Of reckoning time. As for America itseif we don't know that 1t is fair to claim that Columbus discovered 1t for 1t was not lost. It had been visited and par tially occupied centuries before Columbus was born. As a matter of fact he visited what others found long before.
 But aside from the doubt and uncer- tainty over the alleged discovery we fail to see any necessity for such action or any propriety in 1t. We have more holi- days now than the average man can keep track of. Besides, such a law would re- ally be nothing but brutum fulmen, at best. Congress cannot ordain a national holiday. or one which would be binding on the States or the people. If the States refuse to enforce 1t the day would not be observed, and the law would be of no effect Let's not have any Columbus Day.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-01-30
Tobacco Raising.
1uYerne Journal

Luverne Journal.
 The Journal has just received a letter from Col Wilbur Mccoy, Agricultural and Immigration Agent of the Atlantic Coast Line, who was in Luverne week before last The following is an extract from Colonel McCoy's letter:
 After I left Luverne. went to Ab- beville. I found a gentleman there, a MT. Kirkland, who last year experiment. ed on his own account in tobacco raising: He was unfortunate enough to be told that the poorest land he had was the best and so selected 1t. The result was. he raised about 800 or TOO pounds to an acre only; he cured 1t the best he could, but did not do it right, and the conse- ouence was that his tobacco was badly cured and had to sell 1t all as low grade: however, even at this, he realized 3 cents per pound, having shipped it to South Carolina and sold it at auction. This is at the rate of $54 per acre.
 "Mr Kirkland Is quite enthusiastic over tobacco growing. and says the lands around Abbeville grow as pretty bright tobacco as can be grown anywhere. At the first hanging he made in his house 1t cured nicely and was pronounced by ex- ginia or North Carolina. He says he is further satisfied with good lands he can easily grow 1000 to 200 pounds per acre and realize the top prices for 1t, when ever he learns to cure and assort 1t prop erly; that is, grade 1t into the different grades. I am satisfied that your soil will grow tobacco just as we'll and of the same quality as around Abbevilie.
 Yours truly,
 Wilbur Mccoy,
 "A. and I. Agent, A. c. L."
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-01-30

Snt ss that thsy ars au nov tyins e ssse seex con with the snaa amount of noosy es .n tn:sr command to obey the law and Ss S . s E fass osseznf Q tss stsss. I ss.,svs to ters of fArs1 I1b esid fhsir ef,ii6ren children child ee. ts ts = ses:s.sSs tssr wivss snd children are thrcaSh 'schoos .cc~s sasss s"csr to their farms. casryine with thsm the education h agrtcuiturS thst thev hsd seS SSeyee. tners is eminating from these scnooas sH sn innuencs tendlne to sasvats the sssmson Of tA tse aos 1,a the s. fs.%s, in dency is not to educste inc chi,srsn away nom the farm, but rather "a sd,s- cate them Into lovs with piautS anA p..o p,.ns He ano of the farm and its culti- these stations that s1vs mucn vs,nss,is information on the vasious tkins1 fhsf claim the farmers attention. xishsms was the hrst State in the Union to sstab- san. nsn system of district asrssulturai followed by many gtates in different sec. tons Of our country. Theee 0tafos fre. euently apply to our Commissaonsr of Agriculture for information as to thsir of the Presidents of the aSr1cuifnrsi schools in Birmingham on the Nth inst they were all represented to be in flns condition; all of them teaching asricui- .uAo anu couuuctAh8 expeftnont9 upOn the stations. Alabama said to the cfti- xens where these schools are Iooatsd.
 You give and equip . school buildinS and donate . farm and we viii estah- nsh and support an agricultural schcol ana experiment station in your town" This requirement. by tho State WI met oy the various communities where there schools were sstablishsd. Is the 0tate not under obligations to keen her M ot the contract? If the schools sre not aoing all that they should do, dig sbout tnem. cultivate and foster then an6 cause them to do their work. Thev srs sending out educated farmers: ousli6leT business men and women and nnanv of tne best young teachers in the etate. X normal feature was engrafted upon tho M iaw governing these schools. few years ago. and they are required to have courses of study leading up to q frst graoe teachers certificate. In Lmestone county. the teachers in an institute re- centIy adopted a resolution sayinr that they would introduce agricuiture info an the schools of the County. Should these nine schools. with their Saoo. .ono worth Of property and teaching snnuaiIv S,oW boys and girls, be abolished? It is ior thas Legislature to say.
 Yours truly,
 Merit K. Clements.
 fregdent of the Association AIabama
 experiment Station.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-01-30
DON'T WANT THEM.
Brooklyn People Object to Negro
 Neighbors.

New York Herald.
 If the residents of Lafayette Avenue, ford Avenue, Brooklyn, can precent It. and it looks as though they could-there will be no colored branch of the Young Womens Christian Association establish ed in that vicinity, at least not for some time to come.
 Lafayette Avenue, near Bedford Ave nue, is one of the most select residential sections in Brooklyn, filled with men of means and fashionable women. When 1t became noised about few days ago that the detached frame house at No. 514 Lafayette Avenue fas about to be pur- chased by the Young Women's Christian Association for branch for the colored women and girls of the borough the neighborhood received a shock.
 Before 1t had entirely recovered several men of the neighborhood had met and had talk with Frank Correll, a real estate broker, who is the agent for the property in question. MT. Corren cor roborated the rumors of a proposed color ed institution in the house. and the resi- more indignant than ever.
 Informal meetings have been held and little else than this one subject has been discussed by the block for a week. A and Is now being circulated in the neigh borhood. It calls upon the Young Wo- mems Christian Association to find another location for its home and points out that its proposed quarters will be the means of decreasing the value of abutting property, as well as clearing the neigh borhood of all of It's better class of resi- dents. This petition will be presented to the officers of the Association some time this week.
 Among the men most interested in the fight against the establishment of the colored institution are F. H. Longfelt. whose brown stone house adjoins the house of No. 514: J. M. Wackenhuth. of No. 505 Lafayette Avenue. directly op- posite the house in question: Joseph Ellery, of No. 522; Vandewater Valentine, of No. 52O and Moses Blew of No. 5lS La fayette Avenue. All said last night that If the proposed colored branch of the Young Women's Christian Association was established they would move out of the neighborhood.
 None of the officers of the Young Wo- mems Christian Association could be found last night. At the central build ing in Schermerhorn Street: 1t was said, however, that 1t was not the intention of the organization to cause the residents of Lafayette Avenue any inconvenience or annoyance, and 1t was intimated that the suggested branch in Lafayette Ave- nue had been given up.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-01-30
LOOKING TOWARD 1904.
Democrats are Trying to Discover q
 Candidate.

Candidate.
 "ashinSton Special to New York Even
 The present year, before 1t closes, ought 70 throw some light on the Democratic t,,rs esidential nomination for 1sN: The question will have to be settled, and no real discovery" has yet been made, fropaply more persons today would name Alton B. Parker of New York as the man. and yet he is so wholly unknown In the field of national politics that his face would not be recognized, were q Democratic national convention to be aeio,a aeia toaay' by one in 2 score of its his picture in the public prints. Che criticism of MT. Cieveland's candidacy in iSs4 was that he had for 50 short a time been known outside of a purely local circle. But as former Mayor and new made Governor he had become vastly bet ter known to the country by 1S0 than Judge Parker is in this year 1SoS
 Just why Parker should be nominated nobody seems to know. To be sure. he was elected a judge as 8 Democrat by e large majority at a time when Demo- cratic victories were rare. But this came about through ballot complication grow ing out of the peculiar -nayoraity light opposing Republican candidate was not on the Citizens Union ticket which thou sands of Republicans were that cay yot- ing, and this resulted in giving Parker the appearance of having a yreat rCpular
 Ex-Represeptative Fitzgerald of Boston has been in town several days in the in- terest of the olney boom. but. as he sc- sInowsedssi sInev,S sn.. on his own authority among Democrats for the former Sec retary of State. Champ Cla:k and several other Southwestern Rspr rsseuta.iges in . group expressed the fear that Oiney's identification with the Cleveland admin MT. Fitzgerald assured them that this was not the case in the Northeast, where upon the Southern statesmen complacent- ly assured him that. if this was so. Olney could carry their States for any candi- date that the Democratic party could pos sibly nominate. They next asked Mfr. Fitzgerald if Olney would carry Mas with MT. F1tzgeralds assurance that this was the case their enthusiasm for Oiney mounted high.
 The same quest convinced Mir. Fitz- gerald that the source of the Parker idea was the belief that he could surely carry New York, and while the new apportion- ment has made the old Solid South. New York and Indiana" combination inade- quate. there Is strong hope in Demo- cratic circles that President Roosevelt will make some mistakes between now and election times which will arouse . wave of popular enthusiasm for a party whose leaders have not lately had 6 chance to make any mistakes or any suc- cesses either. If Roosevelt commits the blunders they are looking for. the Demo- crats expect to carry some States in the West, such as Illinois, by adding to their ticket a Vice. Presidential candidate strong in labor circles; thus, with q New York judge identified with the moneyed interests, they believe they can square the circle of possible requirements.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-01-30
Agricultural Schools.

Montgomery, Ala. January g, 1903. Editor The Advertiser:
 In view of he fact that legislation rel ative to the agricultural schools Of the State Is pending in the House of Repre- sentatives, 1t occurred to me that state ment of certain facts in reference to these schools would not be out of place at this time. Some fourteen years ago Alabama established two agricultural schools and experiment stations, one at Athens and one at Abbeville. Four years later two more were established and two years later five additional schools were established, giving one to each Congress sionai District. These schools are re- quired by law to teach scientific agri- culture and to conduct experiments up on the stations. and to publish from time to time bulletins of information contain ing the result of these experiments. It Is true, as stated by the Governor in his message, that some of these schools have not at all times complied with the law,
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-01-30
RICHMOND PAPERS.

The city of Richmond contains in the neighborhood of 100000 people. It has quick mall and rail connection with every points in the South for newspapers, yet within the past week The Times and The Dispatch have become one paper, the former purchasing the latter Each pa- per was interested in an afternoon paper and the two afternoon papers have been consolidated by one purchasing the other The former owners of The Dispatch have the afternoon field and The Times the morning. The morning paper in Rich mont retains both names and will be known as The Times-Dispatch. Judging by the copies that have reached this of- flee the proprietors and patrons are to be congratulated. In referring to the change. he Times-Dispatch says:
 The simple fact is that there were too many newspapers in Richmond and good business demanded that the number should be reduced. The change that has come to pass was the natural and logical solution of the problem, one side taking the morning field and the other side the o'euihB Hoiu. Ricnnlonu is dDle 10 sup port one modern, first class paper in each field. but no more The experiment has been tried, and those who have put the matter to the test are fully satisfied on that point. In this respect Richmond is not unlike other cities in the South of the same class. Even Washington, D. C., has only one morning paper. An attempt was made several years ago to establish another morning paper in that city, but after a large expenditure of money the paper was retired
 Atlanta has but one morning paper.
 The same is true of Charleston and Co., lumbia s. C. Savannah, Macon, Angus ta, Ga.; Montgomery. Mobile. Birming- ham, Ala; Nashville. Tenn. These cities are more eligibly located in one respect than Richmond, for they do not come into daily competition with the newspa- pers of the Northern cities.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-01-30
rRAIN1Na BOYS ANp orRLs.

'.When we train boys we simply train boys. When we train girls we train the mothers of men," says The Camp Hill In- dustrial Student. There Is some force in the suggestion. but it is not altogether fair. When the noble Roman matron. Cornelia. was asked to show her jewels she pointed to her two sons. Tiberius and Caius Gracohus. and proudly said: '"rhese are my jewels" I These were the noble sons of a mo- ble mother. and but for the virtues and high qualities of that mother the sons mtght not have become eminent in Ro- man life and Roman history. And from that day to this the men who have writ ten their names high on the scroll of drained and taught them in youth the way they should go. A young man who goes ont to do battle with the world nnblssssd by the love and care and coun- sel of . good mother is cruelty handi. capped from the start.
 But while this is true 1t is not fair to assume that the boys are not entitled to consideration. When i've simply train boys we are sending forth the future statesmen. instructors and leaders of our race. The loving care. the careful train ing and the prayerful watchfulness of the good mother may be nulnfled and de- stroyed by the lack of proper training in the school room. We train boys to make men of them or we fail in our duty. and those who come after us and upon whose shoulders the burden of government must lie, demand the most careful instruction if they are to become useful and credit~ able citizens. And so, while we train the mothers of men" let us simply train boys" who will be worthy of good moth CTS.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-01-30
FRIDAY, JANUARY 30, 1908.
DOUBLE GOLDEN SYMBOL.

The American Newspaper Directory uses csr- tain sisps to denote the relative standing and merit of the whole field of newspaperdom which comea under its notics. and one of thsss signs is the mystic symbol 0l dsnoting ..golden." which stands for high quality. and is thus explained:
 '.Advertisers value this paper more for the class and quality of its circulation than for the mere number of copies printed"
 Such papers are credited with e angis ~ym- hol; but there is higher grade. according to this standard authority. which have BOTH QUALITY AND QUANTITY. and require the DOUBLE GOLDEN SYMBOL [ sV to describe adequately their standing.
 Y The Advertiser has been accorded this double golden symbol Ie0I and is the only paper 70 distinguished in this section of the South.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-01-30

so many small schools. At the very basis of all reform of the rural school is the problem of consolidsttng small schools into larger ones centrally located. Consolidation of rural schools is made all the more necessary in the South be- cause of the great multiplicity of schools resulting from separate schools for the two races. In view of our probim. 1t is of interest to see the results of con- consolidation in other States.
 A summary made up from the 'eports printed and written from The eighteen States in which consolidation hss ceen tried. shows the followilg advantages schools and the transportation of pupils at public expense:
 First-The health of the children Is bet ter, the children being less exposed to stormy weather. and avoiding sitting in damp clothing
 second--Attendance is from 50 to 15o per cent greater, more regular. and of longer continuance. There Is neither tardiness nor truancy.
 Third-Fewer teachers are required. so better teachers may be secured and bet ter salaries paid.
 Fourth-Pupils work in graded schools and both teachers and pupils are under systematic supervision.
 Fifth-Pupils are in better school houses, where there is better heating. lighting. and ventilation. and more ap- pliances of all kinds.
 Sixth-Better opportunity Is afforded for special work, such as music, drawing. etc.
 Seventh-Cost In nearly all cases is re- duced. This includes cost and maintenance of school buildings, apparatus. furniture and tuition.
 Eighth-school year is often much longer.
 Ninth-Pupids are benefited by a widened circle of acquaintance and the culture resulting theresrom.
 Tenth-The whole community Is drawn together.
 Eleventh-Public barges used for chill dren in daytime may be used to trans port their parents to public gatherings in the evenings.
 Twelfth-Transportat makes possible the distribution of mail throughout the whole township daily.
 Thirteenth-Finally, by transportation the farm becomes. as of old. the ideal place in which to bring up children, enabling them to secure the advantages of centers of population and spend their evenings and holiday time in the country in contact with nature and work, in- stead of idly loafng about town.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-01-30
NOT GOOD ADVICE,

The Advertiser tries to advise negroes for their own good and regrets that some of the leaders among them see fit to adopt a different course. The Mobile Press is one of the organs of negro sen tment in Alabama, and in it's lsst issue we find this:
 We can't join with our brethren and advise our people to get homes. Get money and keep a part of it. You don't know how soon you may have to leave this country. Best thing to do is to be in shape for moving. In a case of neces- sity money is better than any home.
 That is neither good nor sensible ad vice for the colored race. and the inslnua- ton yelled in the sentence. You don't know how soon you may have to leave this country is unjust and untrue. No negro wih have to leave this country while he even approaches good citizen ship. There are some who are no credit to their race and no profit to the State or community. but they are not forced to leave the country. Some of them are convicted and Rroperly punished, but tIbcyp uhc ufic niStOiiC cat, dlWdyS come back. The Press knows that no reason can be given why colored people who make any approach toward right living are not at home in Alabama.
 The advice to the negroes not to get homes is not the kind of advice that a true friend would give or that they should heed. The man, white or black, who has no home Is dependent. The man, white or black. who has a home of his own has made the first step towards inde- pcndence. The same natural laws which govern the white man govern the colored man in this matter. There are many white men, unfortunately, who have no homes and no independence. but they lack something of good and independent citizenship. The same reasoning ap- plies to the colored people and with even greater force. There are in various sec tions of Alabama negroes who twn their own homes and who are respected and useful citizens. Others can do likewise Advice to them to make no effort to oh tain homes is not the advice of a real frieid, even if it comes from a leader of their race.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-01-30
Science and Superstition.
Electricit,

EIectr1clty.
 A curious request has been made by the Minister of Alsace and Lorraine to the Societe Industriel de Mulhouse, whom he has asked to select for him a compe- tent electrical specialist capable of writ ing series of articles in order to refute scientifically the superstitions of various villagers in Alsace. It seems that the villages in which these superstitious peo- pie live have been recently provided with electric tramways, and the inhabitants storms. and are the special cause of heavy falls of hail,