Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-09-01
CARNEGIE GIVES TALK
Opens Iron and Steel Con-
ference in England.
BECOMES REMINISCENT
SAYS WORK OF WEEK ONCE rs
NOW DONE IN A DAY.
America, He Declares, Will Increase
Output Tremendously in Next
Halt Century.

Halt Century.
BARROW-IN-FURNES England, Sep
TENDER 1.-The autumn conference of the
Iron and Steel Institute opened here today,
under the presidency Of Andrew Carnegie
Mr. Carnegie in opening, said that the
record in iron and steel Of England, the
great little mother of nations" had not
been equaled by any of her children, al
though her oldest and biggest seemed to
inherit his mothers indomitable spirit and
the ability to work miracles.
I'm all matters of iron and steel. how
ever" Mi. Carnegie continued, 1.-The child
has been borne upon the shoulders of the
parent. If the Atlantic ocean had been
prairie land, there would have been little
left in the world but the conquering old
lady and her family, all under one roof
under one flag. a self-sustaining empire
under free trade, with probably two hum
dred millions of our English-speaking race,
and a home market so big as to give con-
troll of neutral markets.
mo question Of protection or preferential
tariffs then to disturb us; beside all this
we should have been able to enforce peace
among nations.
"Once More Mother Member"
Gentlemen, unfortunately an ocean ex-
lists where we should have preferred
prairies, but 1t is traversed in about the
same time the three thousand miles Of
land between Montreal or New York on the
Atlantic and San Francisco and Victoria on
the Pacific.
WHO so bold as to predict that never Is
our race to succeed in converting the ocean.
hitherto a barrier to your branches, into
the pathway to reunion of the two once
united branches.
Not L! My faith Is unshakable that
some day this will be accomplished and
that instead of being two small islands
will look across the sea to your own chill
dren in Canada and the United States and
become once more the mother member Of
the dominant power Of the world"
Recalled Meeting 20 Years Ago.
Referring to a emeeting of the institute
held in Barrow Twenty-Five years ago, Mr..
Carnegie said:
There was at this historical meeting a
report remarkable production, submitted
by David Forbes, foreign secretary to the
institute, upon the progress Of iron and
steel industries in foreign countries. l
naturally turned to see what he had to say
about the United States.
Several pages are given to the Pittsburg
district and what is there recorded carries
me back to the days of youth apparently.
In 1873 the Pennsylvania Steel Company
that amount in two weeks now. Bethle-
hem iron works were engaged in raising
loan of the enormous amount of 10000 for
the extension Of their works, paltry
100000.
Comparatively Less Today.
Five millions would be comparatively less
today. The great Cambria iron works. in
western Pennsylvania, near Pittsburg, were
credited with having made no less than
1,O271a tons of ingots in the week ending
September g. the largest quantity ever
made in a week-a days work nowadays.
1.-TWO new blast furnaces were being built
in Ohio, the capital of the company being
all Scotch, and it was proposed to call the
iron Scotch-American pig. This isn't bad
grandfather of men or iron.
1T is noted that the total production of
pig iron in the United States in 1872
1881, 600 net tons, and in 1873 just about
the same. Today it is approaching 20,OOO,-
600 tons per annum. The product of STEEL
nearly 15,O00,0O0 tons, is greater than the
rest of the world.
Germany's and Britain's Progress.
1.-The progress of Germany and Britain
has also been great. Britain made 643 600
tons of steel in 1874, and last year 1885, 600
tons Germany made 800, 600 tons in 1874,
last year 6394,O0O. In 1874 Britain made
6,054, 600 tons of pig iron, Germany 100000
tons
Last year they made S,51S 900 and s, 4O3,-
600 tons, respectively. In 1874 the world
was producing nearly Il, 900 900 tons of pig
iron and 2SO,OO0,0 600 tons of coal. Now there
is being produced Al, 600 900 tons of pig iron
and $50, 900 tons of coal
Another item: Mr.. Forbes is informed
that for the last seven months natural gas
has been utilized in Pittsburg In one of the
mills The largest output for a furnace
then known during the week ending
September 7, 1S74-702, 1902 tons, 100 tons per
day When our Lucy furnace made 100
tons In one day the world thought the
limit was surely reached. Two new Car
negie furnaces have recently averaged $50
tons each per day for months at a time
Work of Week Now Done in Day.
''The work of a week is now done in a
day; but great as that contrast here is a
still greater. There have been made and
sold without loss hundreds of thousands of
tons of four-inch steel billets at three
pounds for penny.
Surely, gentlemen the limit has been
reached here. think it has and it is doubt
full If ever lower price can be reached for
steel. On the contrary, there is every indi-
cation that period after period the price
of steel is to become dearer owing to the
lack of raw materials.
ITO make that tire pounds of steel at
least ten pounds of material were required
three pounds of coke mined and transport
ed sixty miles to the works, one and one
half pounds Of lime, mined and transported
one hundred and fifty miles, and four and
one-half pounds of ironstone, mined at
Lake Superior, and transported nine hum
dred miles to Pittsburg being transferred
twice. once from cars into the ship, and
again from the ship into the railway cars.
Almost Doubt Possibility.
How 1t was done 1 cannot pretend to
tell you. but 1 know the figures are cor
rect. But every time repeat them, doubt
their possibility. This was done during the
day of depression, when everything was
at the lowest. Costs are several dollars per
ton higher today, during this period of
boom in America.
Gentlemen. such is the contrast between
1874 and 1903. What is it to be twenty
nine years hence? What changes are to
come? l have tried to imagine some of it's
features. 1t is scarcely possible that this
country can increase its product of iron
and steel materially. Let US hope that
the product will not be decreased.
The vital element in the matter is as we
all know, the supply of iron ore. Many
of you are conversant with the situation
here 7 only know what I laarp FROM, 18th