davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1903-12-08
ISTHMIAN CANAL AND
RECENT STIRRING EVENTS
public Of Panama-Obligation to
Maintain Free Transit.

By the act OF June %, 1902, the Congress
authorized the President to enter into treaty
with Colombia for the building of the canal
across the Isthmus of Panama; it being
provided that in the event of failure TO Sc
such treaty after the lapse of rea-
sonable time; recourse should be had to
building canal through Nicaragua 1T
has not been necessary to consider this al
Senate a treaty providing for the building
OF the canal across the Isthmus of Panama
This was the route which commended itself
TO the deliberate judgment of the Congress,
to construct the canal over this route The
question now. therefore, is not by which
route the isthmian canal shall be built for
that question has been definitely and IRE
whether or not we shall have an isthmian
canal
When the Congress directed that we
should take the Panama route under treaty
with Colombia. the essence of the condi-
ton, OF course, referred not TO the govern
ment which controlled that route, but TO
the route itself; TO the territory across
which the route lay, not TO the name which
for the moment the territory bore on the
map. The purpose of the law was TO au-
thoriZe the President 10 make treaty with
the power in actual control of the Isthmus
of Panama. This purpose has been full
filled.
In the year 1916 this government entered
into treaty with New Granada, the pre-
decessor upon the Isthmus of the Republic
of Colombia and OF the present Republic of
Panama, by which treaty IL was provided
that the government and citizens OF the
United States should always have free and
open right or way or transit across the
Isthmus of Panama by any modes OF COM
mtInication that might be constructed
while In return our government guaran-
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1903-12-08

successive years The board serves under
the commissioners of the District of Co
lumbia. The board gave its first year TO
careful and impartial study of the special
problems before it, and has continued that
study every year in the light OF the best
practice In public charities elsewhere. It's
recommendations in its annual reports TO
the Congress through the commissioners OF
the District of Columbia ''for the economi-
cal and efficient administration of the char
tiles and reforma tories of the District or
Columbia" as required by the act creating
II, have been based upon the principles
the Congress, in its report of March. 1898,
and approved by the best administrators
of public charities, and make for the desired
standardization ana Improvement of the af-
OF favorable consideration by the Congress.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1903-12-08

States has for over half a century patiently
and in good faith carried out its obiiga-
tons under the treaty OF 1876; second, that
when for the first time II became possible
for Colombia to do anything in requitaI
OF the services thus repeatedly rendered to
1t for fifty-seven years by the United
States. the Colombian government peremp-
torily and extensively refused thus to do
Its part, even though to do so would have
been to its advantage and immeasurably to
the advantage of the State of Panama, at
that time under its jurisdiction third, that
throughout this period revolutions, riots
and factionai disturbances of every kind
have occurred one after the other i'm al
most uninterrupted succession, some of
them lasting for months and even for
years, while the central government was
unable to put them down or to make peace
with the rebels; fourth, that these dis
turbances. instead of showing any sign of
abating, have tended to grow more numer-
Gus and more serious in the immediate
past; fifth, that the control of Colombia
over the Isthmus of Panama could not be
maintained without the armed Intervention
and assistance of the United States. In
other words the government of Colombia,
though wholly unable to maintain order on
the isthmus, has nevertheless declined to
ratify a treaty, the conclusion of which
opened the only chance to secure its own
stability and to guarantee permanent peace
on and the construction of a canal across
the isthmus.
No Other Course to Pursue.
Under such circumstances the govern
ment Of the United States would have been
guilty of folly and weakness, amounting
in their sum to a crime against the Nation,
had it acted otherwise than it did when the
revolution of Nov last took place in Pana-
ma. This great enterprise of building the
interoceanic canal cannot be held up to
crafty the whims, or out of respect to the
governmental impotence. or to the even
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1903-12-08
zdhons and Relumwendatlons to the Nations Lawmaksf5

independence OF the republic OF Panama
There is granted TO the United States I'm
perpetuity the use, occupation and control
Of strip ten miles wide and extending
three nautical miles into the sea at either
terminal. with all lands lying outside OF
the zone necessary for the construction or
the canal or for its auxiliary works. and
with the islands in the Bay OF Panama.
The cities of Panama and Colon are not
embraced in the canal zone. but the United
States assumes their sanitation and. IN
case OF need, the maintena nee OF order
therein; the United States enjoys within
the granted limits all the rights. power
and authority which IL would possess were
IL the sovereign OF the territory TO the ex-
clusion of the exercise of sovereign rights
by the republic All railway and canal
property rights belonging to Panama and
needed for the canal pass TO the United
States. including any property OF the re-
Specttve companies in the cities OF Panama
and Colon; the works. property and per-
sonnet of the canal and railways are ex-
empted from taxation as well in the cities
OF Panama and Colon as In the canal zone
and its dependencies. Free immigration
of the personnel and Importation or sup
plies for the construction and operation
Of the canal are granted. Provision Is
made for the OF military force and
the building of Notifications by the United
States for the protection OF the transit. In
other details particularly as TO the acQuisi-
ton of the interests OF the New Panama
Canal Company and the Panama Railway
by the United States and the condemna-
the canal, the stipulations Of the Hay
Herran treaty are closely followed, while
the compensation to be given for these
enlarged grants remains the same, being
ten millions OF dollars payable on exchange
from that date. an annual payment Of $25os-
600 during the life Of the convention.
THEODORE ROOSEVELT.
White House, Washington, Dec. 4
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1903-12-08

more sinister and evil political peculiarities
of people who. though they dwell afar of.
yet against the wish of the actual dwell
ers on the isthmus, assert an unreal SUI
of a territory fraught with such peculiar
capacities as the isthmus In question car
ries with il Obligations to mankind The
course of events has shown that this canal
cannot be built by private enterprise, or by
any other nation than our own: therefore
it must be built by the United States.
Every effort has been made by the gov
eminent os the United States TO persuade
Colombia to follow a course which was
essentially not only to our interests and TO
the interests of the world, but TO the in
.erests of Colombia itself. These efforts
have failed; and Colombia, by her persist
ence in repulsing the advances that have
been made. has forced us. for the sake Of
own honor, and of the interest and
well-being, not merely of our own people,
but of the people of the Isthmus of Pan
anna and the people of the civilized coun-
tries of the world, to take decisive steps
to bring to an end a condition OF affairs
which had become intolerable- The new
republic of Panama Immediately offered TO
negotiate a treaty with US. This treaty
/ herewith submit. BY il our interests are
better safeguarded than in the treaty with
Colombia which was ratified by the Sem
ate at its last session. 1t is better in its
terms than the treaties offered to us by the
republics of Nicaragua and Costa Rica. At
last the right to begin this great undertake
ing Is made available. Panama has done her
part. All that remains is for the American
Congress to do its part and forthwith this
Republic will enter upon the execution OF
a project colossal in its size and of we'll
nigh incalculable possibilities for the good
of this country and the nations of man
kind.
Provisions of the Treaty.
BY the provisions of the treaty the United
States guarantees and will maintain the
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1903-12-08

States. In accordance with the ties Of
friendship which have long and hap
PLY existed between the respective nations,
most earnestly recommends to the govern
ments of Colombia and of Panama the
peaceful and equitable settlement of all
questions at issue between them. He holds
that he is bound not merely by treaty obli-
cations, but by the interests of civilization,
across the Isthmus of Panama shall not
longer be disturbed by constant success
sion of unnecessary and wasteful civil
wars"
Arizona republican., 1903-02-27
Timing Laws Apply to Oil Lands.

A decision of much interest to the grant railroads, was rendered by the supreme court of the United States on Tuesday of this week, when it was definitely and finally decided that oil bearing lands are mineral landS." The question has been in controversy for many years. and has been before the lower courts and the department of the interior many times. The action h which the court Of last resort handed down the decision mentioned vas brought by the Northern Pacific rail- road company, but probably the South ern Pacific is adversely affected to the largest extent The court held that all lands containing oil are mineral lands; that they are therefore exempt from railroad ownership under the lanG grant acts, and that the mining laws or the United States apply to them and govern their working.
 If the dispatches correctly interpret the decision, there can be no further question on the point. The oil indus try in California will, of course, re- ceive a fresh impetus from the settle ment of the long continued contro- versy Under the rulings of the gen eral land office, the practice has been to take up" oil lands in twenty-acre tracts, just as placer claims are taken. and the department may be expected to formulate full instructions in the premises, now that the legal status or an oil claim has been established.
Arizona republican., 1903-02-27
Commissioner Sargent on Immigra.
 tion and Chinese Exclusion.

Commissioner General Sargent Of the immigration bureau, a few days ago gave out a statement of the total inn migration to the United States in the six months ended December 3i, 1902 The grand total from all countries Tn this time was 323,641, which is an In- crease of nearly 100000 over the num- Der in the corresponding period of the previous year. Italy, including Sicily and Sardinia, contributed more than any other country to the immigrant population of the United States. In the six months mentioned 77.S45 persons came here from that country. Aus tria- Hungary comes next on the list, with 73,275; Russia sent 57,1S9. No other country sent as many as 2O,OO0 although Sweden and the German en- pire contributed nearly that number each. Fourteen thousand Irishmen came. England and Japan each sent ten thousand.
 MT. Sargent is quoted by the New York Tribune as saying:
 Even with this great showing of in-
Arizona republican., 1903-02-27
CUR E ENT
 COMM ENT
...........:..:...........:...:..:-.::..:....'.:.
Luxury and Exercise.

There never was time, perhaps, in the history of the world when there was such q determined effort to find and keep good health as at present. Young and old are beginning t0 real izc, apparently, that something must be done to preserve bodily viSoE. Foods almost by the hundreds are offered as such promoters of vitality, and attract i've advertisements contain more or less learned discussions upon the value of strong nerves, pure food and clear brain. Those who do not live upon health foods are devoting much of their time to physical culture. and nearly every house in which there are young people contains its quota of gymnasium apparatus. Outdoor and indoor sports have more deVotees than ever before. Golf base ball, foot ball, tennis, basket ball, bowling and other forms of amusement which induce per spira ton and increase the acticn of the heart are depended upon 60 supple ment mere physical culture, so called, in building up strong bodies and laying the foundation for good health and long life.-Cleveland Leader.
Arizona republican., 1903-02-27

flowing popula tion, there was practi- cally no section of the country where farm laborers are not in great demand. The immigrants who are coming here, particularly from the European coun- tries, flock to the cities, seek employ ment in factories, and have a tendency to congest. rather than spread out In the rural districts where they are most needed. For this reason, there is gen. eral complaint on the Pacific coast. and particularly from the state Of Califor- mia. against the bar which has been placed gaainst the admission of Chi nese. Last year many thousand doi- lars worth of fruit was allowed to TO: simply because there were no laborers to harvest it. The Chinese have proved the best worknen in this field of indus try. The Japanese are more inclined to engage in mercantile business than to labor, and there is a well defined movement now on foot to demand O.: congress an amendment to the Chinese exclusion law which will permit th- admission of a limited number of Chl- nese laborers to this country"
 Commissioner Sargent has taHe,, such a pronounced stand in favor Of severely restricting immigra ton from Europe, and also has gone on record so frequently against permitting im- migration from China, that 1t Is req sonable to suppose that he was not literally quoted in the foregoing ex- tract. It is not reasonable to suppose that he would advocate the removal nese immigra ton. It is true, as point ed out, that there is, at certain seasons, scarcity of unskilled labor on the Pacific coast, but this scarcity is not continuous throughout the year. and it would be clearly opposed to the in- terests of the laboring classes to re- move any of the existing barriers against the Chinese. A limited num- Der might be admitted without harm, as suggested, but so far no practicable method has been devised for enforcing any limit short of absolute exclusion. It matters not. therefore, how "weE defined" the movement may become for the exclusion law, 1t may be safely taken for granted that the people of California. Arizona and the coast country generally, will never give
Arizona republican., 1903-02-27

became the admiration of the world. When in the feverish tu,nult Of passion an angry north seemed to voice Q gen. cral demand for the irficticn of the death penalty upon Jefferson Davis. Lincoln listened in silence and waited for reason to resume it's sway He sas always looking over the heads of the crowd; he was always listening to the still small voice that echoed in the distance. far away from tde roar of vehement denunciatioa. The majesty Of the law constantly appealed to his fine judicial sense.-Leslie's Weekly.
Arizona republican., 1903-02-27
The Output of Gold From the Rand.


 The whole world is interested in the facts relating to the production Of gold and it is of moment to note that the returns made to the chamber of mines at Johannesburg show that the gold output of the Rand for the month Of January was nearly S4,500,O00 in amount, which was considerable in- crease over the record for the month of current year in regard to an augmen- tation of the crushings and consequent product is considered much more en- couraging. The London financial press. in treating the matter, seems inclined to believe that by midsummer the Transvaal gold fields will again be pro- ducing on a scale fully equal to their output prior to the war. It must be admitted, however. that results in t<s respect since the re- establishment of peace have been somewhat disappoint- ing. During the seven months during which the mines were again in opera tion, up to December 31, 1902, only about s35, 100000 of gold was turned out by the Witwatersrand properties, which is about one-haIf of the normal pro- duction, as indicated by the record for 1899, the last year in which the mines were operated under the old condi- tions.
 iS h Ie-{,. the principal obstacle to the success full resumption of work in the South African gold fields has continued to be the inadequate supply and high cost of native labor. In fact, this subject is being discussed a great deal, not only in South Africa, but in England as well. Propositions have been made with refernce to some measure which would force the natives to become in dustrious but it must be admitted that ideas of this kind do not find any grea, terested in the mining industry. On the other hand, the mining companies, 1t seems, have lately made an earnest but unsuccessful effort to reduce the wages they pay for native unskilled labor, a combination of the TO corpo- rations engaged in gold mining in the Transvaal having been constituted to that end. The proposition was to cut third, but it was found that on such terms it was impossible to obtain an adequate number of hands, the Kaffirs apparently prefering to remain In idle ness instead of accepting the wages proffered them by the companies. The outcome of the matter was that the ol1 scale, involving the payment of an av- craze of 50 shillings per month, was re- stored. the companies, as before, con- tinuing to lodge and feed their native help
 From the standpoint of the con- panies, the conditions which now ob- tain in the Transvaal justify reduc- ton in the cost of mining, prices being generally higher, while under the ar iS1ehtiS hldue NltH MT the mines are obliged to assume what they consider very heavy burdens in connection with the pay ment of the cost of the war and the of the new government The however, to shift part of this | burden to the native laborers has failed, and the companies Furthermore continue to be somewhat embarrassed | by comparatively limited supplies of | mon. so that. in spite of the increasing ated that the profits of the Transvaal l gold mining industry during 1903 are
Arizona republican., 1903-02-27

not likely to be on an extravagant scale. There continues to be a discus sion of the feasibility Of replacing the the use of Chinese having been suggested. On the other hand, there is belief in some quar- lem can only be reached by the employ 1nent of white labor, which, Tn spite of it's far higher cost, presents the ad- vantage of much greater efficiency.
Arizona republican., 1903-02-27
We Are Manufacturers

Of Tents, Wagon Covers, Ore Sacks. Irrigating Hose, Cy- anide Tank Covers and everything in Duck, Canvas and Oiled Goods.
Arizona republican., 1903-02-27

way of Tents, Awnings or Canvas and Oiled Goods. You will find our goods and our prices are right, as we have the largest and most modern factory for the production for this class of goods il, the West. We supply you direct ana you pay
Arizona republican., 1903-02-27
D..shonsst and Interruptions.

One of the objections urged against the admission of New Mexico as a state is that the people who spring from the Spanish stock are led by dishonest and unscrupulous men," If this were an insupera ble obstacle to statehood, how many Of our existing states would it be necessary to remand to the position of territories Louis vile Courier Journal
Arizona republican., 1903-02-27
Lincoln's Self Control.

The strongest attribute of Lincoln was his power of self-control. Senti- ment might sway him, but q mob never moved him. When jealOusies in the army bred a popular clamor against General Grant, while the latter was winning famous victories in the south
 west Lincoln listened to no word of scandal and by his silence rebuked the defamers of the general who afterward
Arizona republican., 1903-02-27
GLOBE SIGHTS.

(From the Atchisor Globe) We can stand nearly everything bet ter than a graphophone.
 The people eat stuff goat would net eat, and then complain of indigestion When a locomotive is using sand brakemen say the old girl is on the seashore."
Arizona republican., 1903-02-27
CARLSON'S Never T. Fail Roach Powder

Has stood the test for years Insist on getting NeverI-Fan. IT your druggist does not handle the Never-I-Fail Insect Powders send direct to the nanufac- turer. r. A. CARLSON,
 135 So. Main St., Los Angeles, Cal.
The Tomahawk., 1903-11-13
Exceeded Authority.

Attorney General w. B. Douglas
filed an opinion with State Auditor s.
G. Iverson that the last legislature
exceeded its authority in providing
that horses afflicted with CHAMBERS
shall be appraised by the state live
stock sanitary board without taking in
to consideration the fact that they are
in a diseased condition. Mr.. Douglas
holds that the legislature had no right
to provide that the board pay more
than the actual value of the horses,
and that in arriving at the actual value
the appraisers must consider the fact
that the animals are diseased.
The live stock sanitary b,ard has
killed many horses afflicted with gland
ers, and the state auditor has received
several claims for three-fourths of the
amount of the appraised value of the
animals in accordance with chapter III
of tho laws of 1908.
The Tomahawk., 1903-11-13
Improved Capacity.

w. w. P. Mcconnell is planning to
re-organize the state dairy and food
commission so that the work of the de-
partment will be in closer touch with
Minnesota farmers, and the production
Of milk and cream in the state will be
increased.
The department will be organized
into branches covering inspection of
creameries and cheese factories, super
vision of herds and barns, scoring OF
butter, testing of the productiveness
of cows, special assistance to milk pro-
ducers and buttermakrs and analysis
and inspection of food. One man will
be placed at the head of each branch
and will devote his time to it. Here
tofor the same man has often inspected
food and creameries.
The Tomahawk., 1903-11-13
THE DEAD MAY REACH nine
Result Of the Explosion on Iona Is
land on the Hudson.
Six Bodies Recovered and Three
WOrf>meh Still Missing-No Par
tictlars Of the Disaster.

New York, Nov 6-The dead in the
Iona Island explosion may possibly
reach nine, according to dispatch re-
ceived at the Brooklyn navy yard
Thursday from Commander Henry
Morrell, who was sent to the scene Of
the explosion Wednesday to invesu-
gate.
He reported that from six to nine
were killed, the doubt as to the ex-
act number being due to the absence
Of three workmen who cannot be To-
Gated. The dispatch gave no par
ticulars of the extent of the damage,
nor the amount of ammunition ex-
ploded. and at the navy yard no state
menl could be given. 1t was said
there, however, that the loss would not
in any way cripple the fighting
strength of the navy, as not all Of the
ammunition for" the naval vessels IN
the North Atlantic squadron was
stored there, and that only small
portion, part only of the projectiles
stored there, had been destroyed.
The Tomahawk., 1903-11-13
AN ERRAND TO- DO.
Traveller Asked to Stop In Texas on
His Way from Chicago to
New York,

One brother is a rich merchant in the
Straits settlement on the Malay peninsula.
The other brother was, until few weeks
Clark street, says the Chicago Tribune:
The merchant sent to the cook draft for
sufficient money to pay his expenses out to
Asia. and the cook gave up his job and
started for his brothers home. The inter.
esting thing about the whole incident is the
letter, written by, the wealthy merchant
In the first place the draft was made pay
able in New York.
II send you the money in draft payable
in New York" wrote the brother from far;
off Asia. "You can go over and get it cashed
there On the way wish you would stop at +
heard from him for two years now, and Ia
like to know how he's getting along