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The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-04-14

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The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-04-14


Emd
24
Iron
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-04-14

Mail Orders Filled the special quoted this sdvee Furniture delivered
laceCur d1e a railroads.&c. in
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1903-07-20

in 1888 Mgr. Pecci was named governor
Of the Papal Province OF BeneVento and,
like Sixtus V, busted himself with the
suppression OF briglndage. In connec-
tion with this work tho following story
was told OF Mgr. Pecci. A certain Mar
quis called one day 10 protest against
what he considered the interference OF
the governor and informed the latter that
he was just starting for Rome to pro
cure his recall
Have you considered the step well.
Marquis?' asked Mgr Pecci.
Yes. Monsigno." said the other. "and
I'm going at once"
To this the governor reJoined:
Resolutions OF this kind should be well
considered at leisure. You will DO me
the honor OF staying here for the pres
ent'
That same night the Marquis castle
was surrounded and IS brigands, OF whom
he was patron and chief, We're arrested
or shot.
From Benevento Mgr. Pecci was trans.
ferred 20 the governorship OF Perugia.
where he remained for a year and half
CONSECRATED BISHOP.
The young eoclesiastic, In iSiS, was
called 10 exercise his talents ian more
important post, being consecrated Bishop
OF Damietta I'm partibus and sent 10 Brus-
sells as Papal Nunoio. 1t was as repre-
sentative OF the Vatican In the Belgian
capital that he first gained the political
insight and experience which have been
one OF the principal charaoteristics CT
his tenure of the Pontifcal throne.
Mgr Peccl remained over three years
in Belgium and on his recall 10 Italy was
decorated w1th the Grand Gordon OF the
Order OF Leopold
After leaving Brussels the nunclo paid
a visit to London. This was I'm Feb
ruary, 1886, and i'm the same year he was
archbishop OF Perugia. He
continued I'm this position for the thirty
two years which intervened before his
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1903-07-20

the middle Of the hall are six tables and
behind these an altar.
VOTES CAST In A CHALLCE
Immediately in front OF the altar Is
table on which are two chalices for hold
Ing the ballots. Before proceeding fur
ther, n search Is made In the chapel to
assure the conclave OF the fact that none
but those entitled 10 vote are present.
Three inspectors OF the election are
chosen by ballot Should any cardinal
be so III that he Is unable 10 leave his
dormitory n committee Is appointed 20
visit him and take his vote. which is
brought TO the conclave sealed and de-
posted In one OF the chaliccs
Each cardinal writes on a little table
In the corner OF the chapel the name OF
the candidate he would elect, I'm the
centre Of the voting ticket This Is OF an
oblong form, prepared according 20 the
directions OF the bun OF Gregory XIV
In the centre are the printed words.
"Eligo In Summum Pentincem Rm
Dmmeum. II. card Q elect sovereign
pontiff by Lord Cardinal -, after
which the voter inscribes the name OF
the candidate he would elect
At the foot OF the altar the voter lifts
up his hand and exhibits the ticket be-
tween his thumb and forehnger He
then ltneels and prays for a moment. after
which ne takes oath that he IS about 10
elect him whom. according to God. he
thinks ought 20 be elected. He then puts
the ticket on the paten and slips IL from
thence into the challce. which ne covers
up again Then he makes anew rever-
cncs before the altar aud returns 10 his
place.
When all have voted in like manner tho
SIX tellcrs examine the papers and pro-
claim the result II no cardinal has OBJ
tained the required number of votes-two-
thirds of the number of cardinals present
tho result is declared void. and the
voting papers. collected together are
burned ln a brazier with damp straw.
tho dense smoke from which issues
through particular chimney. visible
from outside and proClaims TO the outer
world that no election has taken place.
Firs', 90 cast hts ballot IL the dean OF
the college. who writos the name OF his
candidate on slip OF paper eight inches
In length and four IN width. which he
folds. and. sealing II at both ends. folds
u once more ln the middle and then
drops it hi the bowl nearest his desk. All
follow in the order Of their rank as mem
bers of the college.
Tho burning % the ballots closes the
session Of the day. and the conciave ad-
lourns unul Tho evening AZ the even
Ing session an opportunity ~ given 90 those
cardinals representing foreign powers 90
state whatsver serious objections may
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1903-07-20
CARDINAL CANDIDATES FOR THE CHAIR Of PETER.

Since 1895 one OF the popular factors In
every election OF Pope has been "A Sc
ries OF prophecies attributed TO an Irish
monk. ST. Malachy, Archbishop Of Ar
magh. IL is supposed to predict the sue
cession of the Popes to the end of the
world. II gives TO each Ponunf an cpl
grammatic title. and number OF strik-
ing condolences thus falling in have add
ed TO tho repute in which IT, has been
commonly held
According to these prophecies there are
TO be only ten more Popes. The title Of
the next one is 90 be "Ignis Ardens" or
blazing fire" Modern investigators into
ecclesiastical records pronounce these
Malachian prophecies apocryphal and
that they are at best only literary curios-
tiles, first published by Arnold Wion. a
monk Of Monte Casino in 1888, while St
Malachy died In 1l4s.
CAP APPLIES TOCARDINAL SVAAIPA
However. the prophecies have always
had much popular esteem, and now the
speculation is who among the ''papabili"
or likely candidates for the succession TO
Pope Leo nils the requirements OF the
'1gnis Ardens" prediction?
Curiously In Cardinal Domenlco Svam-
pa there is a seeming aptness. The word
Svampa In Italian means a flaming torch.
and I'm the quartertngs OF his coat-or-
arms is blazing sun. These his admir-
ers say, flll the requirements OF the
prophecy OF 81 Malachy. just as the star
In the family escutcheon OF Pope Leo
made him out the "Lumen In Coelo." a
light I'm the heavens" OF the prophecy
for the Pope TO succeed Plus TX. Besides
Cardinal Svampas career and personal
qualities have long since ranked him
among the possible popes.
He r. Archbishop or Bologna. and has
won his way up 10 his high rank by the
force Of hts own talents and abilities He
was born I'm ntegranaro June rs. 1851.
and is therefore one OF the youngest OF
the candidates
CARDINAL GoTT1 POPULAR CHOICE.
10 Cardinal II me Marta Cl;. ror-
meT general 0f the Barefoot Cnrmelites
and present prefect OF the propaganda
the Red Pope" of the curia. Ccclesla
tical Rome generally turns as the coming
man. His selection would be another In
stance of the democracy Of the church.
for his father was a dock laborer in
Genoa, and he spent his boyh loi helping
him. lie was born on March -. 1S1i
lie acted FOR some time as the prcfeot
OF the congregation of bishops and regu-
lars. and on the death of Cardinal Lee
dochowski. last July the pope appointed
him prefect OF the propaganda. the great
bureau that deals with the missionary
church the world over IN his office he a
tho immediate head OF the church In the
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1903-07-20
HOW POPE LEO'S SUCCESSOR WILL Be CHOSEN

exist to any OF the candidates. and which.
I'm the event OF that candidate's election
as Pope might operate to the dtsadvap-
tage of the Vatican abroad. These OBJ
iections are duly considered. twice IN
the present century have the foreign car
dinals successfully opposed the election
Of leading candidates. The right or veto
claimed a one time by France. Germany,
Austria and Italy is not now recognized.
COMPROMISE CANDIDATES CHOSEN.
Compromise candidates have several
times been taken by general agreement.
whenever the race between two strong
cardinals became so close as 10 deadlock
the college.
Proceeding with the election by ballot,
voting Is continued on the lines Indicated
until a choice is reached and this is
made known to tho people by the alb
sence OF the smoke, for although the bal
lots. as I'm the unsuccessful instances, are
also burned, the smoke is not permitted
10 escape. When the result is reached. Il
S. announced by the ringing Of n bell: all
the senior cardinals advance TO the place
occupied by the newly chosen Pontifr and
inquire n he accepts the election.
ON receiving his affirmative answer, ne
Is at once saluted by the entire college,
lie then announces the name by which he
desires TO be known throughout the world
as iho neau or the CnufCh.
An interval then occurs during which
the canopies are removed from the stalls
OF the cardinals except that OF the new
is elected Pope. and His Holiness retires
To robe himself OF the pontincal vest
mcnts.
on his return the isherman's ring is
placed on his finger by the cardinal
camorlingo. and tho new vicar OF Christ
gives his frst socian, benediction 10 the
members OF the Saufed college from the
steps Of the altar Then. taking his seat
on the seda gestat0Tia. the pope receives
the homage Of their eminences and again
communicates the name which II is his
pleasure TO assume as pontifr
The people then flock into ST Peters
10 see the pope and receive his blessing.
and stirring scene which presents 1t
self
Until Nicholas H. IN 1851 -.ricted the
quality of his electors 20 the 1xored col
lcge. popes were elected by both the
clergy and the people. More than a cen
tury later. in 177e. Alexander Ill issued
n decree making a two-thhds vote of
tho cardinals necessary for the election
of n pope.
There are three orders of cardinals
bishops. priests and deacons. According
TO a bull ~ Pope Sixtus V. the whole
number or plenum Of the college OF car
dinals does not exceed seventy. The pres
ent number OF cardinals is sixty-four.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1903-07-20

italian government. He is a baron Of
ancient lineage, and two OF his brothers
became Jesuits He himself was In tho
order for a short time. but left II and
became a secular priest.
CARDINAL SARTO.
Cardinal Joseph Sarto, patriarch OF
Venice, a great preacher and able writer,
is also mentioned as a candidate. He
was born in Riesi. June @ 1865, and had
singular success as a parish priest. He
In 1893
Cardinal Satolli is another possible
dark horse" though he is said not TO be
personally popular with many OF the car
dinals, on account or Pope Leo's great
partality and favor for him. and his
rather severe disposition and tendency to
be martinez during his career as pro-
fessQr in the colleges over which he pre-
sided.
He was born I'm Perugia July 1, 1889, and
comes OF "A noble family. He served as
the first apostolic delegate I'm Washing
ton, and was created cardinal Nov. 20.
1926.
MAJORITY AGAINST AMERICAN.
The name OF Cardinal Gibbons Is some
times put forward as a possible neutral
candidate i'm case the different sections
advocating the other powerful nominees
fail TO unite on any one Of them. IL Is
not likely. however tnat any one but an
Italian will be chosen.
There are now 81 cardinals and OF these
Al are Italians and the others OF foreign
birth IL Is not likely that with such a
strong majority In the Sacred college the
italian element Nll break the long tradi-
tlon and allow the nomination TO go out
side that nationality.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1903-07-20

election to the highest position in the
church. his tenure OF the Episcopate coin
Gliding exactly with the thirty two years
OF the reign OF Plus TX.
In his episcopal labors the archbishop
showed no less energy and zeal than he
had displayed as governor OF pontifcal
state. Among other achievements he sue
ceedcd I'm purging the archdiocese OF bri-
gandage and at "a certain time all the
prisons under his spiritual Jurisdiction
were empty. Such success did not pass
unnoticed and In 1850. Mgr. Pecci was
elevated TO the dignity Of cardinal priest.
ELECTED POPE.
At the consistory held In 1877 Cardinal
Pecci was appointed camerlngo of the
Roman church, which gave him chief
charge of the temporalitles OF the Holy
See. In this capacity II fell 10 his task
20 make the necessary arrangements for
the conclave for the election OF a new
pope after the death OF Plus in February,
1S7Ss
The conelave lasted thirty six hours
and at the third ballot Cardinal Pecoi
was elected supreme pontiff and took the
name OF Leo XIII. after the famous Pope
Leo X. for whom he had a great venera-
tion. lie was crowned on March with
the tiara. or triple crown. the ceremony
taking place not in st. Peters. where all
his predecessors but one had been crowned
since 1865. but In the Sistine chapel in
the Vatican, where the conclave had been
held
Public opinion regarded the new pope
es characterized above all things by
love OF peace, and IL was expected that
departing from that non possumus policy
OF his predecessor. he would speedily con-
clude a compromise with the Italian gov
and thus put an end TO the
between the Vatican and the
quirinal. But the world was soon unoe
ceived, and I'm his first encyclical. pFomul-
gated at the Easter following his acces-
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1903-07-20

copate
While thus engaged In political nego-
tiations with various countries requiring
the greatest address and dexterity the
late Pope paid special attention to the
actual work of pIopagating the Catholic
faith. and no pontiacal reign since the
reformation has witnessed such re-
crudescence Of Catholicism or such an ex-
tension OF the spiritual dominion OF the
Catholic church, especially in English
speaking countries. AS an example OF
this may be cited the numerous pilgrim
ages which came 20 the Eternal City from
all parts of the world, for instance at the
time OF the celebration, Dec. %. 1887, of
the jubilee OF the Pope's ordination to
the priesthood.
JUBILEE SERVICE.
The jubilee service in St Peters on that
occasion was attended by fifty thousand
persons. At the mass the Pope used a
golden ever and basin presented 70 him
by the late Queen Victoria and wore a
tiara given by the Emperor OF Germany.
His Holiness also wore a magnificent dia-
mond ring sent him by the Sultan of Tur-
key as a personal mark of his good will
and pleasure.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1903-07-20

In February, 1900, the Pope issued an
Encyclical on Americanism Which caused
much discussion, and in Juno, 1891, he
issued letter on labor, which also
aroused much interest. On March g. 1902.
the late Pope took part in the public cele-
brations In honor of the oath anniversary
OF his coronation by holding a "Papal
Chapel I'm the Basilica OF st. Peters, on
which occasion he was greeted by 80, 900
persons This was the first time a
Chapel had been held in the Basilica
since 1870, such ceremonies having here
tofore taken place in the Sistine Chapel
Thirty cardinals were among those pres
ent
AN ENCYCLrCAL LETTER
The late Pontiff on March 29, 1902, pub
lished a long encyclical letter the tone
OF which suggested testamentary recon-
mendatlons and In which he deplored the
renewed attacks on the church and the
recent errors OF humanity" instancing
divorce, and picturing the present condi-
ton of society as having drifted into a
state OF anarchy
The Ath anniversary of Pope Ieo's
coronation was celebrated at the vatican
July s. 1902, by the entire papal court,
and thousands OF members OF all the
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1903-07-20

Catholic societies assembled in Rome for
the occasion.
The last notable encycncal OF Leo XIII
was dated oct 80 1907 and was designed
20 promote study OF the Scriptures ana
in February Of this year he wrote
poem, dedicated to a friend whom the
pontiff desired to advise on the best
means OF prolonging life.
The 25th anniversary Of the late popes
election 10 the chair OF St Peter was
celebra ted Feb. 20 OF this year with elab-
crate pomp in the Hall Of Beathcation.
above the portico OF St Peters, on which
occasion the venerable prelate was pre-
sented with a gold tiara. costing f2o,oo0
as the Jubilee present OF the Catholic
world. and with large sums OF money
from various sources.
GRAND AND IMPRESSIVE.
The celebration OF the 18th anniversary
of the late pope's coronation occurred in
st. Peters March 3 last. with al the i'm
pressiveness and grandeur Of the Cath
olic church, and on April % the pontih-
cate of the late pope surpassed In length
that OF st. Peter, Leo XIII having then
been elected pope Is years. two months
and seven days, known as "the years OF
Peter
King Edward visited the late pope in
the latter part OF April, and Emperor
William was received by the late pontiff
early In May.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1903-07-20

His Late Holiness was born at Car
pfneto in the diocese OF Anagni, in the
Pspal states. on March 2, 1910, being
chrfstened under the name OF Joachim
Vincent. The Society OF Jesus, which IL
was afterwards the first care OF his pom
tffioate TO restore to its ancient position
tn the oounoiis of the church. was en-
truyted with his education. young Pecci
being sent at the age OF eight years 10
the Jesuit college at Viberbo whore he
remained until his 18th year. At this
time his mother died and he shortly af-
terwards proceeded To Rome 90 continue
ats studies at the Jesuit college I'm that
city.
When he was Is years old he secured
the first prime for chemistry and physics.
His aptitude for natural science, however,
In no way fnterfered with his taste for
'lfternture and classical studies. and even
in those early days he was remarkable
for the elegance and purity OF his Latin.
which subsequently found such notable
expression not only in bs encyciicals and
ecclesiastical work. but I'm tho higher
plane OF poetry. lie obtained I'm 1891 the
degree OF Doctor of Divinity and entered
the Academy OF Noble Ecclesiastics 20
study law and diplomacy and thus qualify
himself for Joining what may be termed
the Papal diplomatic service and become
conversant with the System OF the spirit
ual government. IL is from the ranks
CT this Official body that in these days a
new Pontiff is almost invariably chosen.
FIRST PROMOTION.
In 1897 Joachim Pecci received the sub
diaconate and diaconate and on March
u OF the same year Gregory XVI made
him Domestic Prelate. his first promo
tdon, with the title OF Monsignor.
On Dec. %. 1897. he was ordained priest
by Cardinal Odescalchi. saying his first
mass In tha chapel OF ST Stanisiaus at
The Jesuit Novictate Of ST. Andrea. Early
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1903-07-20
IN
LIFE OF
Pope LEO.

Obtained the laurel" the prize foi
philosophy as a student at the age of II.
Ordained priest by Cardinal OdeSohal-
chi at the age OF "a. and aided I'm super
intending the cholera hospitals during the
scourge.
Appointed apostolic delegate at Bene-
ory XVI. and at the former place forced
the civil authorities 20 wipe out the bril-
gands who infested the district.
Was Nuncio TO Belgium for three years.
from iS43 20 ls45, where he gained an en-
viable reputation as diplomat.
Decorated by King Leopold at Brussels
with the grand cross OF an order founded
AS Archbishop OF Perugta prevented An
outbreak at the tine Of the death ,Si Of
TX.
Created a cardinal at the ago OF ls and
four years later was made camerlengo to
Pope Plus TX.
Elected pope at the age Of es after three
ballots.
Re-ostablshed diplomatic relations with
Russia.
Founded college for Armenians in
Establlshed friendly intercourse with
Gained a diplomatic victory over Prince
Bismarck and re-established friendly re-
lations with Germany.
Protected and fostered the church IN
the United States.
Always had warm personal interest
IN the washington I university.
Ordered Cardinal Gibbons 10 report 10
him on the Catholic knights of Labor
of the United States and Canada and
issued encyclical In 1891 recording his
sympathy with the legitimate aspirat tions
Of the laborer
Chosen 10 settle the quarrel between
Germany and Spain over the Caroline isl-
ands.
offered his services as arbitrator be-
tween Great Britain and Venezuela over
the boundary Of Guiana.
Was mentioned as tho medium by
which the dispute between tho United
States and Spain could be amlcably set
tied
Celebrated the golden jubilee of his
accession 60 tho priesthood IN 1SSs.
Celebration the nftieth anniversary Of
his accession 60 tho episcopate In 1898.
Ceiehrat tion the twenty nth anniversary
Of his pontihcate IN March of this year
Received Krt Edward In April and
Emperor william IN May Of the present
year.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1903-07-20

Mine days after the Pope's death there
win be crowds in the streets about the
Vatican watching intentiy a certain
chimney. out OF which the smoke
''sfumata" from a little fire In the con
clave chamber will tell OF the success or
otherwise OF theayotlng for the new pom
tiff
The ballots for every vote that is not
conclusive are Immediately burned In a
brazer with damp straw. and the smoke
that this sends up, seen by the waiting
throng outside, tells them that a choice
has not yet been made.
It Is one OF the several peculiar and an
Client details or the great ceremony by
which tho new head Of the church is Sc
iected. The first IS when Cardinal ore
glia, as Camerlingo Of the Vatican, en-
ters the room where the dead body OF the
Pope lies. He will have a little silver
hammer In his hand, and with it he will
tap the forehead OF the dead man thrice,
ealing az each stroke Joachim Pecci 9"
not by his Official title
OFFICIALLY DECLARED DEAD.
when Joachim Pocci. cold and silent In
death. does not thus answer the signet
ring, the Ring ot the Fisherman" win
be drawn from his finger and ne viii be
then officially declared dead. and the
conciave that II to elect his successor
win be summoned.
THIS will meet In nine days. II takes
name from the fact that the cardinals
are locked up In "eonolayo" In a room In
the Vatican. shut OF from al communi-
cation with the outside worid.
on the day Of tho coneiave all i.re sum-
mened from their cells by a bell thrice
rung. and repair 20 tho assembly cham
Der. Prom this moment until the result
of tfle voting Is announced they have no
communication save with the Vatican OF
ncials. Their clothing and even their
focd is searched. lest they should contain
correspondence from friends outside
IL. by the greatest exercise OF leniency.
n visitor Ia admitted. he must speak 20
me frnmured cardinal through a gmtlng
Of iron and in a tone loud enough 20 be
heard By the watchers After night OF
fhfs sociusion the conciave is formally as
rembied early next afternoon. and al re
pair 10 the sirtine chapel vso1s q desk
AAs been pr0vfded for each cardinal. Ia