davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1903-08-23

1857 to 1874; Lieuts. w. L. Herndon. G..
H Scott, R. H. Getty. J. NJ B. Clitz, ].
T. Stenson. W. B. Fitzgerald, and NJ. X.
Warrington. Passed Midshipman ]. L.
Worden, of Monitor fame, was also on
the staff. Later on, between October /.
1874, and July 1. 1S45, the following off,
GERS were ordered TO the Observatory:
Lieuts- T. T. Page. L. Maynard, D. d.
Porter, afterward Admiral of the Navy;
w. B. Whiting. late chief of the Bureau
of Navigation, who haG Jurisdiction
over the Observatory. and j. J. Almy,
Profs. ]. H. c. Coffin, who had been a
professor in the Navy since 1898: }. S.
Hubbard, and r. Keith, civilians, and S.
c. Walker. assistant astronomer.
Lieutenant Maury had laid out a gi-
gantie plan for the new institution. in
tending to observe and catalogue all the
stars In the zone covered by the Wash
ington telescopes, extending from As de-
grees south declination TO the farthest
limits north. Not nutiI he attempted to
put this plan into execution did he real
ize that 1t was impossible.
For the first two years following his
appointment Lieutenant Maury was the
principal observer with the equatorial
instrument, but, becoming fascinated
with photographers. he devoted almost
his whole energy 10 that branch of
study. This did not prevent him from
maintaining the Observatory at a high
Standard. which his successors have
preserved.
Succeeding SupeTintendents.
Lieutenant Gilliss, whom naval off,
GERS regard as Ipe father of the OBJ
servatoTy. succeeded Lieutenant Maury.
and he was followed by Lieutenants
Davis. Sands. and John Rodgers. Ad-
miral Colby Mitchell Chester is in charge
at the present time, with the following
corps of astronomers: Commander E.
z. Hayden, L. s. n, head of time ser
vice, Aaron NJ Skinner. William S.
EicLelberger, f. B. LittelI, professors
The Washington times., 1903-08-23

attracted the favorable comment oi
European astronomers. At the present
time it is admitted to rank with publi-
cations of Greenwich. high praise roI
the American production. It must be
remembered. too, in considering the
almanac that Greenwich observations
extend over period of 142 years. while
those of the Washington institution
cover only forty-fve years. and that the
staff of the EngIishmen is three times az
large as ours.
Observations of Comets.
All expeditions authorized by Con-
gress for the observation of total OF
partial eclipses have been carried out
under the general supervision of the
Naval Observatory. The results of these
expeditions are included in the alma
nae. Another branch of this work is
the observation of comets This more
particularly pertains TO research, but
such work has a practical value since
1t enters into the problem OF the mass
OF the planets.
The observation Of comets is perhaps
the most picturesque work, TO the lay
man, which is done by the Naval OBJ
servatory. A good idea Of the proceed
ure when the news of comets appear
ance IS received at the Observatory can
be gained from the telling of how the
Giacobini comet was seen. December S,
1902. a telegram was received at the
Naval Observatory, through n central
station in Boston. stating that n fa'nt
comet had been discovered at Nice,
France. by Giacobini. Upon being de-
ciphered, the observers on the two eqa-
tOrial instruments OF the Observa: :ory
were informed. and at thirty-one min
utes past midnight of the same day
w. w. DinwiGdie discovered thes comet
near its transit. John Ritchie. at the
distributing station. had transmitted
tories IN the country, and most Of them
began their search for the comet at
once. but the Naval Observatory was
first of all. Lick Observatory did not
pick UP the comet until December ;.
December 13, II. r. Morgan and c. ".
Frederick. >of the Naval Observatory.
had deducted from three normal planes.
formed from these several observations.
the elements and an ephemeris These
calculations were published IN the AS
tronomical Journal" of December 90.
1902. The astronomers % the Naval
Observatory were complimented on
their energy and precision by their ss-
'sociates, and prominent men Of other
institutions.
The Department of Instruments.
II should be remembered that the Va
val Observatory originated in A depot
for charts and instruments, and that the
The Washington times., 1903-08-23
MANY GIRLS ARE
LEARNING TO BOX

IS IT is just as essential for a cir, -
know how 10 use her fists in an
emergency as il is for a man 81
SAID teacher who advertises ehoxtr,
lessons for men and women" .sTt is no,
at all uncommon for three or four
women to join an evening c,a.,
OF boxing lessons. and some OF them are
quite proficient Boxing is far more use
iul to woman than fencing. although
many OF them do not seem 10 think so
know several teachers who give privats
boxing lessons TO women. but that -
expensive Any woman can learn All
that she wants to know about boxing in
50 course. The only thing then is
practice and 10 remember what she has
been taught when an emergency arises
some women go in for boxing simply
for the exercise. There is nothing be;-
ter for teaching them agility on their
feet and for reducing flesh on the
shoulders. bust and hips Women must
be taught differently from men. They
cant stand rough and tumble work. Bu.
they can be taught to hit hard and lust
where to land an effective blow when II
is most needed
You will notice that the young wo-
men who have got into print lately for
knocking down mashers knew Just how
to use their fists. We teach women ef-
fective blows for just such emergencies.
II is not sufficient TO aim for the point
OF mans chin. The essential thing Is
10 keep cool and watch the opportunity
10 hit on that spot when his teeth are
as they are pretty sure to be
II he is surprised or angry. Then any
woman who knows the blow can knock
him out
The Washington times., 1903-08-23

lege and university magazines from
every part of the country are catalogued
by the librarian. For this task a work
ing knowledge OF sixteen languages is
required. The model library of 1000
volumes exhibited at the worlds fair in
Chicago is an interesting feature of this
library
The library of the smithsonian IN
stitution ith its 357 900 books and 5000
periodicals easily ranks next TO the Lii
brary Of Congress. This is one of the
greatest scientific libraries in the World
and has books in every wEitten language,
even including Volapuk
The public library, housed by Mr..
Carnegie. must not be forgotten. with
its hundreds of books OF fiction. history.
travel, literature; its wen-stocted
children's room and its splendid reading
room. where almost all the magazines
OF the country are to be had Uncer
the direction Of Col. Weston Flint, the
present librarian, the Carnegie Library
Is growing larger and running smoothe:
every day
The library of the Interior Depart
-ANAAN - puiCiy lilGNdIg- II COHtdin3
more than $4,000 volumes and the en-
pioyes of the building are anxious u
make. 1t one OF the very best depart
mental Libraries
College Libraries.
OF the twenty-five school and college
Libraries in Washington the Riggs Nc
mortal Library of Georgetown University
with its $1,000 volumes is by far tie
largest. 1t contains very few woI ks
Of fiction. being devoted in ,he main
TO history. philosophy. civil, and inter-
national law, mathematics, chemistry.
and the other sciences, with a numoer
OF volumes on religious subjects. The
Hirst Library is made up entirely If
The Washington times., 1903-08-23
0HOpLIFTERS ARE
ALWAYS ACTIVE

q HoPLIFTERS never take a vaca-
tiOn." said the superintendent of
a big department store UP town.
Like the poor. they are always with US.
We are not obliged TO employ as many
detectives now as during the holiday
season, Of course. but even in the hot
test weather they cut an important fig
ure on cur payroll.
The adage about the playful mice and
the cat applies TO this department store
during the hot weather as much as IL
does TO anything. The working staff is
reduced. girls have more counter room
TO cover, and there are Just as many
small articles. though perhaps not of so
great a value. as during the holiday sea-
son. Shoplifters cannot have so many
pockets in the light summer gowns as
they can in winter. and any women with
a cloak would AT once excite suspicion;
but these wrist bags that are so much
in vogue and the baskets made Of grass
that many women carry for light mar
keting gives the woman thief all the
opportunity she wants.
I'm summer we generally give some
OF the girls on the staff who have been
with us two or three years a chance to
see what they can do at detective work
Many young women are convinced that
they are born detectives. just as others
believe they are born actresses. Wo-
men are the best for this sort of work
because they can hang around the coun-
ters watching suspects where man
would arouse suspicion. Store detec-
uyes get much more pay than sales
girls, and We have more applications
every year than we are able 10 crafty
But II a girl shows any adaptability at
all she is allowed TO have a trial II
she makes good she gets a chance in the
fall. II not, back TO the mines. so 10
sneak.
The Washington times., 1903-08-23

TFvERY library is a university -
said Carlyle. If this be true
and nobody can deny it
then there are just seventy-six uni
versities in Washington. Besides the
great public libraries and those which
belong TO the Government. there are any
number of private libraries, the proper
tion to Washington's 25O,OOO people
being larger than in many other cities
of the North and East. Nearly all
these book racks are open to the stu
dent with the proper credentials.
The Department Libraries.
The thirty-eight department Libraries
of Washington form a system that in
cludes every branch Of knowledge. The
system employed IN them is very close
to perfection.
Each of the department libraries be-
gan with the publications of It's depart
ment as a nucleus. Exchanges with
home and foreign libraries increased
their circulation. Congressional appro-
priations have helped a great deal. The
greatest OF these is, of course, the
Library OF Congress This magnificent
library has one defect that spoils every
thing else. 1t is so beautiful that the
reader forgets his book in admiration of
his surroundings. Its special feature
is the quick distribution of books, which
Prince Henry of Prussia found so in
teresting when he paid us his last visit.
There are two reference Libraries in
the Capitol Building OF 10000 books
each The emergency hospital" is on
the ground floor. just off the House, and
The Washington times., 1903-08-23
Succeeding Superintendents.


members have found il one of the most
convenient Institutions of the entire
building.
Elegantly Finished Book Shelves.
An air OF fine dignity prevades the
library in the State, War and Navy De-
partmeat building. The State Depart
ment library is devoted almost exclu-
sively TO works on diplomacy and law.
The Navy Department library is beau
tifully housed, the reading-room being
paneled in malachite. sienna, and ror-
phyry adorned with Mexican onyx, with
superb bronze groups in each corner,
and a handsome piece of verde antique
Minton- tiling. The books are cata-
logued under eleven heads. and the
shelves always contain the latest pub
licadons on scientific subjects pertain
ing to the navy. such as engineering,
medicine. chemistry. naval architecture,
seamanship, courts martial, interna-
tional law. naval surveying, astronomy,
navigation, meteorology, and COM
passes. A few books of biography and
history are added from time TO time. OF
these the volumes relating to Nauo-
leon are by far the most popular As
a rule. naval officers seem TO take un-
wearying interest in the doings of the
Little Corporal.
The War Department Library.
No less perfectly kept, though not so
magnihcently housed. is the library of
the War Department. history of the
Spanish war, made up of Newspaper
clippings, forms its most interesting
The Washington times., 1903-08-23

| of mathematics; G. A. Hill, Theodore I.
King, and Herbert L. Rice. assistant as
tronomers; W. w Dinwiddie, assistant
in spectroscopic work; Charles w.
Frederic. assistant with great equa-
torial; G. H. Peters. astronomical pho
tographer: William NJ Brown, J. J. C.
Hammond. f. l. Yowell, H R. Morgan,
and Miss E. A. Lamson. computers;
Thomas Harrison. Ernest A. Boeger,
and Mrs. A. P. Aughagen. clerks.
Purpose of the Observatory.
The Naval Observatory is not to be
considered as the nations contribution
to science" Its work is naval. the word
being used in its broad acceptance as
applied to ships in general. but to the
navy of the United States in particular
Hence. the Observatory is not in the
same class as the Lick. Yerkes. and
other institutions OF the kind which are
established and maintained by private
funds and intended for contemplative
observation, as IL may be called. Like
Greenwich the Naval Observatory arose
from the actual need of the country:
like Greenwich IL was founded in the
first instance for the oenelt of the navy
and the merchant marine of the nation.
and like Greenwich 1t has contributed 10
the sum of astronomical knowledge so
far as was consistent with the full per-
formance of its proper duties In both
institutions assistance TO navigation is
now. and has always been the dominant
note in its management"
The Nautical Almanac.
In 1866 the Autographed department
was separated from the astronomical.
owing 20 the prominence given to the
former study by Lieutenant Maury. He
was probably the first American to show
the value of that branch to the com
merce OF the country So valuable were
his services considered abroad that
Europe declared a lighthouse should
be erected on the Rocas Banks off the
northeastern coast of Brazil and named
after Lieutenant Maury, as a fitting ex-
preston of the worlds appreciation of
his services. and as rejecting credit on
the governments which have united In
this tribute 10 the goodness and great
ness of the dead"
OF immensely greater Importance to
American commerce was the establish
ment Of the Nautical Almanac in 1s41
by Rear Admiral Charles H. Davis. then
a lieutenant.
This has grown to such proportions
that il is today recognized as a separate
department Of the Observatory. Prof
Newcomb. the well-known astronomer
was formerly in charge. of the pubIica-
ton and composition OF the almanac
and II was under his management that n
The Washington times., 1903-08-23
~ THE GREAT UNITED STATES NAVAL OBSERVATORY u
A Sketch of the History of
the Famous Institution on
the Hills of Georgetown,
Which Is One of the Old
est and Most Prominent of
the Governments Bureaus.

TT HE commission recently appointed
by President Roosevelt to consider
the transfer of scientific bureaus
to the charge OF the Department of Com
port but 1t has not been made public
Great interest has been shown in
the work OF this commission, es-
pecially in the portion of it which
concerns the proposed transfer of the
Naval Observatory to the Department OF
Commerce and Labor. Some time ago
It was proposed to make the change on
the ground that the Observatory would be
rendered much more efficient Naval Of
hcers. however. criticised the Govern
ment for considering such a proposal,
saying the Observatory had been estab-
of the navy. and pointing TO The
excellent work which Admiral Chester
has done since he has been in charge
He has made number of improvements.
organized a scientific club. encouraged
the observers to stay on the Observa-
tory grounds as much as possible, and
put new life into every department.
This has been done in spite of the Grip
pied condition OF the staff. due to the
fact that several of the best observers
and mathematicians have been recently
sent to Annapolis. It is believed that
these well-grounded protests will have
great weight with the commission.
review of the Observatory's beginning
and progress will bear out the officers
who make the protest
One of the Oldest Departments.
The Naval Observatory is one of the
oldest institutions supported by the
United States Government The history
of its inception and final building in
cludes some OF the greatest names IN
the history Of the nation The story of
its growth. too, is one that everybody
should hear with pride. a story of a
long struggle against great opposition.
AS early as 1910 few gentlemen.
notably DR.. William Lambert, were in
terested in the establishment of first
meridian for the United States. An
observatory of some sort was required
for this. and they applied TO President
John Adams for help. It was cheer.
fully given, the venerable President
supporting the project in his message 10
Congress and in his speeches. Still no
definite action was taken in the mat
ter. Truly Indifference seems TO have
been the general attitude toward the
scheme from the very beginning. Not
until 1912 was Congress prevailed upon
by Dickinson. Secretary of the Navy.
and Lieut.. J. NJ. Gflliss, L. S. N, to
provide for a building to shelter the
charts and instruments of the navy.
Secretary Dickinson struck while The
iron was hot, and, Immediately upon re-
ceiving the decision of Congress. sent
Lieutenant ellis on a tour of the prin-
cipal observatories of this country and
Europe to gather plans for the new OBJ
servatory.
From Small Beginnings.
tiny observatory had already been
erected by Lieutenant Goldsborough
some twelve years before. at the depot
OF charts and instruments on Capitol
The Washington times., 1903-08-23

volume. General Greely inaugurated a
circulating system by which officers
stationed in Texas and Porto Rico can
draw books without expense except the
return registration. This privilege does
not extend TO the Philippines as vet.
Across the street is the Bureau of Lat
in American Republics.
The Supreme Court found that II
needed data on the laws OF South Am
erica and information concerning the
customs which could not be had in the
city. To meet this want the bureau
referred TO was established in 1890 In
formation upon the agriculture. laws.
customs, commerce. colonization and
history of the countries south OF the
Rio Grande and the isthmus was accumu-
lated. The first PAN American congress
suggested that every country send dupli-
Gates or all its public documents to this
bureau. 1t was a suggestion worthy of
being followed. but no action was taken
in the matter. Eighteen countries
pledged themselves TO send the docu-
melts at the last Pan-American con-
gress, held in the city of Mexico. This
would add 5000 volumes TO the library
In a short time. Its largest patronage
at present comes from the diplomats OF
the Spanish-American countries, who
take especial interest in the newspapers.
1t is hoped that some general literature
from the authors of these countries may
be added
A SPlendidly Equipped Stack.
AT the Bureau OF Education the most
interesting feature of a thoroughly
equipped and spIendidly arranged Ii
brary is the department where publica-
lions from Ed1rnna nrn nlnnn,oa CaI
The Bolivar bulletin. (Bolivar, Tenn.) 1888-1946, 1903-11-06
The Teacher Won.

Hinton, Ky, Nov. 2-For over two years,
two OF the best physicians in this part of the
State have been treating Mr.. +. j. Thomp-
son, a popular local school teacher, for Dia-
betes. They told him that but little could be
done to help him. He made up his mind to
try new remedy called Dodd's Kidney Pills,
and says
'They saved me when the doctors held out
no hope. 1 took, in all, about ten boxes /
the great good they have done for me-
Many people, and some physicians, still
persist in the belief that Diabetes is an in
durable disease. Our teacher, Mr. Thomp-
son, says it is durable, for Dodd's Kidney
had treated him for two years without sue
cess.
A remedy that will cure Diabetes will sure
ly cure any case of Kidney Trouble.
The Bolivar bulletin. (Bolivar, Tenn.) 1888-1946, 1903-11-06
PERSONAL AND PERTINENT.
President Dias has sent his portrait to
Emperor William.

President Dias has sent his portrait to
Emperor William.
| Only three of the Is members of the
famous electoral commission of 1877
survive-ex-Senator Edmunds, Senator
Hoar and Gen. Eppa Hunton, of Virginia.
All of the five justices of the supreme
court who sat on the commission long
| since passed away.
Within the past ten years Mr.. and Mrs.
Charles Pitrowsky, of Cleveland have
tried six times to be divorced. Only once
| did they succeed in freeing themselves
from the hymeneal bond. Six months
later they were remarked, but were try
ing for divorce again inside of two
years. Their latest attempt is now be-
ing made, papers having been filed in
the common pleas court. In all but one
case Mrs. Pitrowsky was complainant
1t was recounted recently that Mrs.
Rozett Coulson had secured at Abilene
n verdict of SO 900 against Randall Myer,
wealthy farmer. 1t was alleged that
Myer had cast doubt upon Mrs. Coulson's
connubial faithfulness in sentence of
just 20 works. The judgment amounted
to $3.50 a word, and evidently Judge
Moore regards this as an excessive
charge for even that kind of converse
ton, for he has reduced the sum to 81 600
or $50 a word.
Hugh Mclaughlin has been powerful
politician for more than a generation,
but has rarely endeavored to make him
self felt outside of Brooklyn. During
that time Tammany has seen numerous
leaders come and go, but has never seen
the day when Mclaughlin was not SUI
preme in his party so far as concerns
Brooklyn. He is now over 20 years old,
with white hair and countenance scanned
by age, but he is hale and vigorous
bright of eye and naturally alert as of
yore.
Daniel Leroy Dresser, whose testi-
mony in the shipbuilding company's
case at New York has attracted much at
tention, was the organizer, president and
managing owner of the Narragansett
Web company, which has also failed,
carrying with it a large amount of New
port money. Mr.. Dresser's family and
connections are millionaires many times
over Mrs John Nicholas Brown is his
sister and George w. Vanderbilt his
brother-in-law. He is the grandson of
one of the merchant princes of New York
and made brilliant marriage in his alli-
ance with Miss Durham.
The Bolivar bulletin. (Bolivar, Tenn.) 1888-1946, 1903-11-06
Books She Admired Most.

When Tolstoi was in the CEimea recent
" rich American arrived in his yacht
with party of friends and asked permits
sion to call on the great Russian. Leave
was granted on condition that Tolstoi
who was quite weak from illness, should
not be troubled with talk. One woman
visitor could not restrain her converse
tonal propensity, but said in gushing
tones: Leo Tolstoi, all your noble writ
ings have influenced my life, but the one
which taught me most was"
Here she forgot the name of the book
and Tolstoi asked, insinuatingly: WAS il
The Dead Souls?'"
eyes, yes,' was the eager reply.
"Ah," observed Tolstoi, "Gogol wrote
that book. not j. :"
The Bolivar bulletin. (Bolivar, Tenn.) 1888-1946, 1903-11-06

Continuing, he says: "I did not
know the cause Of the trouble, but
1 am led to believe now that it was
first brought about by jumping in and
out of the wagon and in some way
may have strained my back.
az was constantly growing worse" he
continues, "and I became very much
alarmed about my condition. I knew
that something had to be done or serious
results were sure to follow. I went to
a specialist here in Sherman, and under
went a rigid examination"
Then he relates how the doctor told
him that it was a serious case, but that
he could cure him for fifty dollars
The Bolivar bulletin. (Bolivar, Tenn.) 1888-1946, 1903-11-06

Money in Shoes-Shoe Dealer-'It won't
pay me to handle these shoes on such a small
margin" Drummer-'I know the profits
are small; but, my dear sir, just look at the
shoes, and see how they are made"
'Humph! They are made very badly, mis-
cradle stuff, too-won't last a week" That's
it, that it. You'll sell five pairs of these
shoes to one of any others."-N. Y. Weekly.