davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26
DEVELOPMENT OF ..>.. >..
A GREAT SYSTEM
From the Red River Cart to the "Overland"
and "Limited" Trains Striking Progress
Made in the Past Twenty-Five Years The
Railroads of the Northwest and What They
Have Done. u...+ ..

in one year the arrivals at ST.. Paul
1000. What might be called
the Steamboat period Of Minnesota
transportation lasted for about fifty
years. During the, first half of this
period the traffic was comparatively
light. This was for two reasons. First,
the country was as yet very little de-
veloped and no considerable return
business originated at st. Paul.. Men
dota or St. Anthony; second, there was
no organization. But in 1847 the first
of the sold-time steamboat companies
was organized and river. traffic was
put upon a business basis. Trips were
made with regularity and rates were
fairly we'll established. Competing
lines were organized. Settlers were
pouring into the west; and traffic be-
came plentiful when it had regular
and assured route. Fortunes were
made in business which was 80
good that a steamer costing $4,000
cleared $4,000 in a season., 49,.
j The Mississippi river was the only
outlet for the northwest. The first
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26

Commerce began in the northwest
when the first French explorers and
voyagers brought canoe loads Of trim
kets to exchange with the redskins for
furs and pelts. 1t was a rude traffic.
rudely conducted. but for a century or
more 1t was all that the wild inhabi-
tants Of Minnesota enjoyed. Methods
of barter; were, perhaps. somewhat
improved when the Northwest COM
pany was organized in 1888, but the
old system of transportation - the
canoe and the bateau-remained in
undisputed possession Of the field for
two score years, or until >" the first
steamboat whistle woke the. echoes
about Fort Smelling 'and proclaimed
that modern transportation facilities
and their civilizing influences were at
hand. -.,,-..
The little steamer Virginia, which
arrived at Smelling on May 10,. 1928,
was an insignificant affair, only 11s
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26

the self binding harvester had been in
vented, ana the cost Of raising and
marketing wheat greatly decreased.
Further, the. northwest was awakening
to the advantage it possessed in the
lake route for shipping It's products
to the seaboard and for bringing west,
ward, the manufactured goods Of the
Atlantic states. -. :.
All these things operated to- slim.
ulate such an immigration into the
northwest as had never been dreamed
of. Hundreds OF thousands Of people
were coming to the northwestern farm
lands to raise wheat. livery branch
Of business was taking on a new
prosperity. It was q time, II ever there
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26
above Minneapolis; but the upper riv-
err was Ill adapted to such navigation.
Overland TRANSFORMATION,

Other means of transport were
needed, and the need produced the
means. But at first the inventive
genius of the northwestern common
carriers took an odd form. North
west Of st. Anthony the principal OBJ
jective point was the, Red river, at
the point where Fargo now stands.
From there extended continuous wa
ter navigation to many points In the
northwest territories. The problem
was, how to bring the furs which
reached the incipient Fargo by canoe
overland to the Mississippi at st. An
thony and st. Paul.
The problem was solved by the crea-
ton of the famous Red river cart"
far as known. It was made all Of
wood of the toughest construction,
with wooden wheels and axles which
squeaked and shrieked as the slow
oxen hauled the cart along. It Is said
that a. :strain of these carts could be
sheard miles away. Conducted by
drivers wild in garb and appearance,
these Red river cart trains were ex-
ceedingly picturesque.
=. But, they soon proved too slow for
the energetic people of the northwest.
Organization again stepped in and
from the first wagon freighting, which
was done about 1849, there developed
a regular system of stage lines and
overland freight wagons extending
from ST. Paul and st. Anthony to the
Red river, to Duluth and south thru
Minnesota, and Iowa to Dubuque. At
the height Of this staging and freight
ing : business the firm Of Burbank,
Blakely & Merriam operated routes
covering 1900 miles and employed
over 200 men and 700 horses. It was
in connection with this business that
III a...,A
press service in the northwest-the
forerunner of the gigantic express
business Of the present day.
The Advent of the Railroad.
During the years just before the war
there was much railroad talk in the
west and lines were being built out
of Chicago towards the prairies. The
spirit Of the times was felt In Min
nesota, and the people believed that
they must have railroads at almost
any cost. The intensity Of the desire
for development led to a great blunder
One which set back the railroad de-
lvelopment of the northwest for years.
| Certain -1ll-advised projects for railroad
building were unwisely given the credit
of the state thru bond issues in the
later hfties. The projects failed and
the people in their evaporation and
disappointment repudiated the bonds
This, with the shadow of impending
war, effectually stopped railroad build
ing operations. However, the need re.
NAMED as prominently in the eyes OF
the people Of the northwest as before
and during the war the franchises
granted in 1857 and which had faller
in by default were let to new corpora.
lions and building was RECOMMENDED
! in a tentative way. The ten miles Of
road between Minneapolis and st. Pau
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26

beginning to recover from this period
Of depression. A clear vision Of a
new era Of prosperity was opening.
Several wonderful things had hap
pened. It had been discovered and
fully demonstrated that the northwest
could raise the best hard spring wheat
in the. world, and that this wheat, in
stead Of being inferior to winter wheat,
as had been supposed, made the best
flour the world had ever eaten. Ris-
ing to the situation, the enterprising
nillers Of Minneapolis had adopted
the new roller process and the mid
dlings purifier, which cheapened the
process of making -four while produc-
ing better grade. At the same time
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26

feet in length, but she brought to the
northwest the opening Of new era
the era of steam transportation. Many
years were still to elapse before steam
was to be fully utilized and a great
transportation system developed; but
here was the turning point-the be-
ginning of the transformation from the
methods of the wild man to those OF
the civilized man. =
After the Virginia came great
fleet of river steamers-few, and scat
tered at long intervals, at first, but
gradually increasing in numbers until
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26

railroads west from Chicago only
reached Galena, about 1850. The open
Mississippi in 1854 was the occasion
Of great excursion to st. Paul and
st. Anthony, led by men of national
prominence. Railroads were expected
in the northwest by the long-sighted,
but meanwhile the best was made Of
the water facilities. Steamboat traf-'
fic was opened on the Minnesota riv-
err in 1850, and continued with sue
cess until after the war. A few steam
boats were operated on the Mississippi
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26

started up after the close Of the war.
The forerunner Of the Chicago, Mil
waukee & st. Paul railway was the
Minnesota Central, which commenced
to build south thru Faribault to Aus
tin in 1863. This line was opened to
Faribault in 1865. In 1867: it reached
Austin, and was transferred to the
milwaukee & ST. Paul For several
cago, but in 1879 the milwaukee"
opened it's River division and there
after operated Chicago trains via La
Crosse. tss u,
In June, 1864, the first work was
done on the grade Of the Minnesota
Valley-the line which afterwards be-
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26

was one, for optimism in the railroad
business. Building was at once re-
commenced with the utmost energy
and enthusiasm.
The Railroad System of 1878.
In 1878 the railroad map Of the
northwest was vastly different from
that of to-day. Instead of seven lines
to Chicago there were two-the Mil.
waukee and the Northwestern; in
place of three lines to Omaha, there
was one; instead Of three lines to Du-
Iluth, there was but ,one.. TO the west
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26
THE "MlLwAukEE" PASSENGER STATION.

Many Minneapolitans have already
forgotten this old depot, or think Of
it only as a memory of pioneer days"
and 1t was actually standing six or
seven years ago.
However, the new depot Of the
Milwaukee was palatial beside the 9TH
er accommodations Of 1878. The
North Western-then operating out Of
Minneapolis as the Chicago, st.4Paul
e Minneapo lis used the old st. Paul
& Pacific station at Washington and
Fourth avenue n. This was nothing
but an. old wooden station building Of
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26

were built In 1852 by the st. Paul g.
Pacific, but SO slow was further prog
ress that ,Anoka was only reached in
ing the latter year the Breckenridge
division was commenced, but made
equally slow progress. However, the
st. Paul e Pacific reached the Red
river valley in 1870, and became the
first feeder for the young metropolis at
st. Anthony Falls.
The Railroad Map Skeletonized.
Meanwhile other projects had been
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26

Passengers from 4 Minneapolis
should take the 2::304 p m. train on
the Minneapolis g. St. Louis railroad.
which makes close connections at Mer-
Ram Junction etc.
Freight, handling facilities were no
better than the passenger accommoda-
tions. Wooden freighthouses. and
muddy yards were the rule rather than
the exception
Entry into the city was made by
roundabout routes. The Milwaukee,
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26

CONTINUED on Page. Nine.l
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1903-07-18

faiths who T bent upon caring for
the public interest for what there IS
in IL, could unite upon such a plat.
form. We might even elect TO the
presidency a Roosevelt who could be
depended upon to ''go to the bottom"
Of postal scandals, and keep the
secret to himself; to preach tariff
reform one week and "stand pat" the
next; to advise 10 private with Mark
Hannas and to dine in public with
Booker WashingtOns. If democrats
could just do these things, all would
be easy. But they can't. Men and
parties must act in character or else
b. ridiculous. A funny man is absurd
when he tries to be serious and a
serious a is contemplate when be
tries to be funny.
1t is not at all homogeneous for the
republican party to hedge upon every
platform declaration. 1t has 20 prin-
It's real leaders are merely an
aggregation of public plunderers sent
on getting out Of government all
there is in it. That republican pol
have resulted ia a tariff war with
Germany instead of reciprocity with
any body excites no comment or ex-
preston of surprise. No one takes the
trouble of pointing to it as the reverse
republican professions and predic-
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1903-07-18
LAFAYETTE COUNTY FAIp.

The INTELLIeENcER is in receipt
OF the catalogue and premium list Of
the Lafayette County Fair. The
unusual success OF last wear has en-
couraged the management to make
greater efforts this year. The fair
has been put on the circuit, which
will enable 1t to have more attractive
races and better attendance from a
distance. The premium list j. long
and liberal. 1t is greatly to be hoped
that such of the exhibits as can be
preserved for the Worlds Fair may lie
given for that purpose when the fair
Is over. Those who expect TO make
agricultural exhibits either at Hle-
Vile or at Odessa should bear in
mind that the Worlds Fair commit
tee is making every effort possible
with its limited means to have Lafay-
cite county %worthily represented; and
1t Is hoped that they Will contribute
what they have prepared for local
contest to the more important utter
estS Of the great exposition.
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1903-07-18
RECIPROCITY


Reciprocity is a pleasant word. 1t
has an o%leaginOuS sound and In respect
Of meaning seems to convey all that
is expressed 10 the Golden Rule of
Christ. For fifteen years it has been
a republican platform doctrine de-
signed to Salve the wounds of those
who suffer from the merciless opera
tion of protection. Republicans some
times call it the handmade Of pro-
lection and sometimes the twin
sister, by a rhetorical figure as bold
and beautiful as that in the opening
lines Of Shelly's ode to the skylark.
''bird thou never vert" Since the
times OF Blaine and Garfield recipro-
city has been in full force and effect
as a campaign reconciliant Repub-
licans whose nerve failed them when
it came to telling their constituents
face to face that the ''home market"
fiction is a fair offset to trusts and
monopOlies, could fud refuge in
reciprocity. No party doctrine has
ever served a more useful party pur-
pose. 1t has cost nothing. Though
the theory has been exploited for
fifteen years, we have not a single
reciprocity trade arrangement with
any nation in the world We don't
expect to have
Now why cannot the democrats do
these things? Why cannot they adopt
a platform something like this:
First, we reiterate our unchangiug
devotion to the cause Of the free and
unlimited coinage Of silver at the
ratio Of 10 to / and to that other
doctrine, ''handmaid" to the first,
the single gold standard
second, we reahirm the historic
principles OF the party on the subjecl
tariff for revenue only and declare
our loyalty to that "twin sister, Of
free trade, protection for those con
ccntraied industries which viii be
sure to contribute to our campaign
fund and to the noble American
.workingmau in these industries, who
cln be forced to vote so'idly for our
With a platform like this there
would be no need Of reorganization
All men Of the most Heterogeneous
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1903-07-18
BOONYILLE FERRY.

Boonville is agitating a proposition
to establish and conduct a free ferry
for the purpose Of bringing retail
trade from Howard county across the
river. The situation at Boonville is
very similar to that here, except that
Boonville has a railroad bridge and no
additional or competitive railroad
facilities attainable on the other side.
1t is believed that by an outlay of
$4,000 or S12, 900 good ferry facili-
ties could be established which would
be operated either entirely free or at
a small charge designed to pay run.
ming expenses. Our case differs in
that a larger purpose sought to be
accomplished here is the acquisition
of competitive railroad facilities and
the further development Of our coal
fields. This could hardly be comprised
by anything less than a trolley line to
the Junction.
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1903-07-18
MISSOURI AT THE EXPOSITION.

Walter Williams, superintendent Of
publication for the Louisiana Pur.
chase Exposition, writes that it is the
desire Of the Missouri commission &c
advertise and exhibit every variety Of
fruit and every variety Of agricultural
product which had its origin in Mis-
souri,. There are many such in this
county. There are fruits having
only a neighborhood distribution aud
popularity. II enough interest and
pride can be developed to secure the
exhibition Of such things the value Of
agricultural property in Missouri will,
be materially enhanced and other
property in a corresponding degree.
There is much danger that Mis-
sourians may underrate their oppor-
tunities in the great St. Louis Expo
sition. If the Chicago Exposition
did such wonders for California and
the Centennial at Philadelphia was
the immediate cause Of the marvellous
development Of Kansas, what is TO be
expected Of a far greater exhibition
within our own borders? If Missouri
should make an astonishing exhibition
Of resources, the interested visitor
could 10 a few hours of time
and with a few dollars of money
visit the spot and see for himself.
Kansas at Philadelphia and California
at Chicago were advertising wen
derlands afar. At trihiog cost Mis-
souri, has an opportunity to add
enormously to her capital stock and
Of incredibly increasing her business
activity. VIII she do it? There is
hardly an element Of natural wealth
10 which Missouri does not excel.
Has any state 10 the union a wider
range Of agricultural products? Has
any state a greater variety or abund-
ance Of useful minerals? Has any
state greater waterways for transpor-
tation and for the supply and sewerage
Of great cities? Probably no like
area 10 America at all compares with
Missouri, and it will be simply Grim
inal If any thinking visitor is per-
mitted to get away from the exposi-
tion of 1904 without this impression
indellbly slammed unon him
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1903-07-18
OWNED BY ROYALTY.
Property Possessed by Foreign Nom
archs in the French Republic.

Property Possessed by Foreign Mon
archs in the French Republic.
In connection with the new addi-
tions to the extensive property Of
the king of the Belgians on the
French Riviera, says the London
Telegraph, some notes are published
relative to the possessions Of foreign
monarchs, princes and ~princesses in
France. King Leopold's demesnes
are at Yillefranche-sur-Mer near
Nice. They are called the Col du
Cairo and the Psssable. Both have
eenlatelyenlarged notably the Pass
able, to which has been added the
whole of the western side Of Cape
Ferrat. In this portion of the newly
acquired property a small port has
been constructed for the kings yacht.
AT Cannes, Count de Caserta and
at Croizette Count di Bardi,
brother of the Duke Of Parma, have
villas and grounds, as well as the
Dowager Grand Duchess of Mecklen-
burg-Schwerin, and another great
lady of a royal house. At Biarritz
Queen Natalie has a villa and
grounds. The emperor Of Austria is
proprietor of his ambassadors resi-
dence in Paris, which was bequeathed
to him by the Duchesse de Galliera.
He also owns the vault of the Dukes
of Lorraine and Nancy. The king Of
Italy owns the abbey of Haute-combe,
on the banks of the Lac du B%ourget,
in Savoy. The prince of Monaco is
proprietor of the Chateau de March
ais, and also Of a large residence in
Paris, the Hotel de Valentinois, Eau
bourg Saint German. The chateau
of Chambord belongs to the duke Of
Parma; Queen Isabella of Spain owns
the Basilevski palace, near the Arc de
Triomphe; and her husband, the late
Don Francis, Of Assist, long lived in
the chateau Of Epinay, on the banks
the Seine, beyondSt. Denis Town.
Latterly the ex-queen of Naples pur-
chased some land at Neuilly, outside
where a splendid private house
is being built for her.
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1903-07-18
HINDU UpERSTITIoNs
Some Of the Ridiculous Things That
Interfere with Progress.

A resident Of Dharmspuri, writing
on th%esubject Of Interpretations,
says the Madras Mail, says that a
married woman, a dancing girl, a mir
TOR and an ass-the most neglected of
the Indian domestic animals-are
also among the first objects of good
omen which a Hindu should meet as
soon as he wakes from his sleep. A
Hindu does not stir out of his house
on any errand, not only during the
rahukalam-an hour and a half a day
but also some time before it. Some
DO not do any work during gulikaka-
lum as well-another one hour and a
half a day. The correspondent does
not mention that in more advanced
countries some people make rakuka-
lam and gulikakalum last a great deal
longer, Besides these there are nat
ehathlrams %(stars), of which there are
26, each of which occurs every day.
A particular natchathiram on a par
tlcular day is either good or bad. AT
times an orthodox Hindu will not
have a good" day even in a fort
night. Even sneezing is inauspicious.
Instances are not rare in which men
are prevented from attending their
office by sham sneezing. The espyipg
OF a male and a female crow together
means the approaching death Of tbo
observer. His fate may be ayerted
by writing a letter to some Of his
relatives at a distance saving that ba
is dead. The appearance Of a rattle.
snake at the ri%ght-hand side on >
Journey is considered most luckv A
hindu I will never feed a guest for the
n n, time on Sundays, TUESDAYS or
IhurSdays-these days are supposed
10 Orlng enmity between the host and
the guest. A Hindu doctor will never
auminister medicines to his patient.
even if he is very dangerously n. f6r
Ihe hrst time on any dav otber tbou
sunday or Thursday. Ii is also laid
down that a Hindu should never sleen
with Y his head toward the south
me direction in which yama, the cod
= oeath' is supposed to live. East
lno west are always preferred
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1903-07-18
PENARRUBIA.
Generous Spanish Governor Honored
by Filipinos and Commission.

Generous Spanish Governor Honored
by Filipinos and Commission.
The town of Patoc, Abra province,
will hereafter be known as PenaTru-
bia, and thereby, says the Manila
American, hangs a tale. During the
Spanish times in the Philippines
there was a governor of the province
Of Abra named Penarrubia, who was
appointed from Spain and when he
took hold of the reins Of government
in his province he made things hum.
After he had served several years the
rhinderpest struck the land and the
people became poorer as the months
wenton. Gov. Penarrubia gave plenti-
fully to the people from his own
pocket, and even went so far as to i'm
port carabao and allow the people to
use them. In this way he saved many
people from starving and kept more
from being ruined.
With the advent of the Americans
his occupation, like that of Othello's,
was gone and he returned to his ma
tive land. The natives whom he had
befriended in the time of their dis
tress remembered his generosity and
determined to award him some holtr
worthy Of his deeds. They named
many children and streets after him,
and they petitioned the civil commits
sion in Manila to allow them as a
mark OF respect and honor to change
the name of the town of Patoc and
bestow that of Gov. Penarrubia on
one Of the largest cities in the prov
ince and the most benefited by the
ex-goyernor's goodness. The facts
were laid before the commission, and
an act was passed by the commission
the desired permission for the
of the province of Abra to
honor their former governor. ~