davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1903-07-26

arnines the questions which the Pope is
to treat formally IN his alocution To the
Cardinals in private or public oonsis-
tory. All manners concerning the cree
zion. union. or division of metropolitan
or cathedral churches. the examination
Of candidates for the episcopacy. the
granting Of palliums and Of ecclesiastical
dignities. are referred to this congrega-
ton.
The CONGREGATION for the Reunion OF
Dissenting Churches was created by Leo
XII. in 1895. for the SPECIAL purpose OF
,tudving the causes that have divided
Christendom into multitude Of seets
and Of establishing a preparatory basis
for the reconciliation Of these dissidents
with the Roman Catholic Church.
The Holy Father himself p-esides ever
tne three congregations Just mentioned
hs~ause the first. the Holy Once. DIS
crsses Questions Of faith ana morals me
second. The ConsisteriaI. deals with pzoo-
lens which call for a formal announce
rnent OF the Pope; and the third, the Com
,n,ssfon for Reunion. besides examining
sirereuces of doctrine was created 20
hasten the unity of faith in which is the
.hons ~ peace.'-a work particularly dear
IN t,,e great heart Il leo Nil. who had
the courage and magnanirnity 10 begin the
vast project and has given II his own
attention.
The Congregs ton Of Pishops sud Regu-
,ars Is perhaps the most Important oonsre-
~.tion Of the Roman Curia- Its special
Office Is to pass upon an difficulties arising
either between the bishops and The prie Is
asrectIy subject 70 them or between the
esshops and the members 81 the reh ocs
orders residing In the diocesa Il Is a
ceurt OF APPEAL to which the seculsrs or
tbe regulars may refer the decisions Of the
bishops The commission also revisss
ana approves the rules OF religious or
ders.
The Conversation CT the Council in
.t,tuted by Paul ", In 1893. has the -ow-
ar Of giving an authentic inteTpre: on
10 the DEGREES OF the Council Of Trent.
except those bearing on matters 0f faith
saxtus V. Increased its powers. conhfiTr
10 n the examination OF provincial coun-
s.fls held in the various countries by an
srphlsshop and the sunragan bishops OF
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1903-07-26

rnuntios and delegates In organizing and
directing Church affairs n the different
countries q the world Nuntsos are sent
70 nations having diplomatic relations
with tire Holy See. where delegates are
assigned 20 missionary countries. Tlss
former ara appointed fr0rs the secrs-
tsriat Of state. the latter from ths F'ropa-
ganda-
After sone ten yrars q service sh@ az
ditors are Transferred sisevhsTs a. n
ternuntiss sor SIX years. - uuurios q
TIE second class Tor SIX years. and fnallT
as agnflos q The srst class for six years.
a. the end q xhich period rhsy are ere
stsG Cardinals AID asssEueG r. the con
Frezstions b@sf ssifed for fhe exercise q
TIER fsls-ts and eHpe-sence
Thus Z Eln - seen thar fbe Cardinals
who preside oFs- the ARGUS tep@rfrzsrts
q the roFer-nnent - tn Cssreh srs -;
merely r,ea = books. Asf r~z possessed
az q vide aas pretend k-ovietrs p
men ard thinFs Ths szcres coii~ge cous-
prfses r-su eho are Fpsesaiis's 81 a.
branches = fheolarJ. n canoa Az -
vel r. Roman nns i-tsrrs tsor a. SIS. =
Scripture g. Ecierce Al a. trsneAes -
ee~ulsr and srelesssliral k1oE1~zsE-
May - tssrn ere paeqaaI@s - -
rso-ary harfrz h~e- trziz-s early is fsss
cr1szs q Soe-s Ecries'astics sne rzv-
Tex hsH afIerEar5s iesE szssrfercs -
forelrn coz1rrset. sefh r-vsarcsssi ars
rsruf1i1as.
i; Is n1t poss-als Aess "a. sfse raor~ shs.
e -s-s-zl c-sssrs - - -nsfhas.s F-F-
sass - tae 1oaxTsGarszs 8 etssozlrx
e 7ssss.sors Fzs.1lf'~s - fse= sar vrls-
20. 8 -a-etsoa rrs-s-t14 r. Rosue 1sy
= s--rortzrf ~ griszrzcrras.I - srF-s-
r,o-~z-t IT, czrst-s1 Frrfsr- = - ro.-
r-e-a-s5. p vtch 80 rsetisr sas sse1
r~f.-~~s --av $3.50 q. ~ $3.50 49, -
sr--sfa-y. = f1-e-tezt .ther - as-
fssz . hz-.tsd taHs 81 baert - esr-
rul-r-s No uas~ q fA7rgcF1 sfgfy =,
- grf5e- 81 u-@~rt fae-r ce@ril>-
ssr.rs 90 80 cars ~ Prefer ~ tzf-
t. = szr.eses NfE - ffsors trtrgs
- raziter seeare ~ rfaer4s rz-esfiz<
- ~ f'e-ai-sis whe cas-zrs = efnssF-
fesfr. ars = skeT sE-er ~ ~ sofa .o1
e To- cazs ss&tsz.<si - 1re~r - ~
tss cz.osza PFss<et s@z sruseztse i.ssr
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1903-07-26
The Mighty Power Of GaboiciSn7 i7 the World Today

bunai for the remission Of sins 10 which
the jurisdiction Of the ordinary eonfsssor
does not extend. the Cancelleria Apostle
lea. o. Apostolic Chancery. which
draughts and expediates the bulls and
briefs Of the Sovereign Ponti1. and keeps
a record OF all Ponlihoal acts. and. fnai-
". the Dataria for the concession OF fav-
ors asked OF the PoPe-these. with the
Biblical Commission recently appointed
BY Leo Mi. to study the effects OF high
e. criticism or the traditional view OF the
Scriptures. constitute the most import
ant bureaus into which the vast and
lie Church is divided.
No organization in this world has SO
many and such boundless resources Of
human wisdom as the Catholic Church.
The traditions Of twenty centuries are
hers. and she has a precedent Tor every
emergency. She meets the new situation
in the Philippine Islands and the recent
prosecutions in France with the same
calm dignity and courage with which she
encountered difficulties in the past. and
she win solve the former with that sagac-
ity which always characterized her course
in the history OF the ages.
The prelates and clerics attached TO the
various congregations have had long
and thorough training. Educated IN the
Roman universities. they have won dis
tinction there and as a reward are as
signed 10 the lowest places in the admin
istration OF the Church. some pass their
entire lives IN the Eternal City. and are
promoted from one post 10 another until
they become chief secretaries CT the most
important congregations. and finally are
created Cardinals.
Others are sent 70 foreign miniatures
Ct delegations as auditors 20 assist the
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1903-07-26

forth with all possible skill the reasons
why a certain person should not be form
ally declared a saint by the Church
1t would take a whole volume TO de-
scribe adequately the process followed by
the Congregation OF Rites in the canoniza-
ton OF saints An English Protestant.
while conversing with q prelate attached
10 this Congregation. deprecated the IA
cility with which the Church recognized
certain cures as miraculous without sat
isfactory evidence. The prelate sent him
two volumes containing the process OF a
cause then pending at Rome. After read
ing them very atIentively he returned the
books, declaring that IL all the miracles
proposed TO the Congregation OF Rites
were as thoroughly proved as those in the
process he had Just read. he was willing
10 retract what he had said and become
Catholic. Very WELL" replied the pre-
late. the very miracles which you con-
slider so exhaustively proved were re-
jected by the Sacred Congregation"
The Congregation OF Studies provides
for the various courses OF study in Cath
clio universities, directs the examinations.
and confers the degree OF doctor on those
who have satisfied the authorities OF
their ability 10 expound the doctrine OF
the Church and confute the errors opposed
to ii.
This congregation watches over all
branches Of secular as well as ecclesiasti-
cal knowledge. and hence among its men,
bers We find some Of the most eminent
Catholic laynen who have rendered great
service TO the Church by their scholarly
attachments. Such were Alibrandi. the
eminent authority on Roman law. and
]. B. de Rossi. the founder Of Christian
archaeology.
The Sacra Penitentiera,. the supreme tri-
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1903-07-26

matte peoples and those who employ
nturgical language other than the Latin.
such as the Greeks. Armen ans, Copts.
Chaldeans. and Syrians. The Propaganda
has complete jurisdiction ever all mission
AIRY countries and exercises towards them
he role Of nearly all the other congrega-
tons. BY mf sionary countries are meant
hose wherin the Hierarchy has not been
completely organized. However. some
countries. such as the United States. re-
main under the Propaganda even after
the Hierarchy has been established be-
cause Of the special privilege accorded
10 missionary lands
Some idea Of the vast and varied duties
devolving upon this Congregation may be
had from The fact That the Oriental rite
alone comprises four principal rites.
namely the Greek The Armenian. the
Syrian. and The Cortic. The first men,
,on-i. uuu- re in- with the Slsvs nearly
r.La o3 Christians. i divided into I've
different brsnohes-the pure creek rite.
The Guthenian. the MeIehitic. the Georg-
re and the slavic. which is subdlvidei
Into Russian. Servisn. Bulgarian. and
EUthenian Greek rites The Syrian rite
clules the pure syrian. the Syro-Chsl-
he -Naronite. and the Syro-
Helaba~ Fi-sly. ne Coptic is divided
"to EsypJ.an abyss MAN. and Ethiopian
torle Z is no easy task 70 keep these (
ariaus rites within proper limits 50 hat
hey may NOT become a menace 20 The
rr3ty ~ faith. To exresaate matters.
he Proparants b ben zusmeuted by
three e-ial coum $50 ns
The cardinals assemble on the first
tcn6sy of every month for The more IN
ortant business 81 the Congregation.
rce a week the Cardinal Prefect pre-
SIDES AZ a meeting C the secretaries andI
inutsnti. who dispose Of minor mat
ers AZ once and prepare the difTe-eu
uestio7s 10 d discussed and settled by
the Cardinals. The Propaganda posses-
- one Of the finest polyeot printing es-
rc3ments in he word Il furnishes iirrgr-
seal and other works 70 the missionaries.
Who are eaucatea in the PropasaHda Col
i,Se and thence are sent into az parts
of The known world to spread the Gospel
4 Christ
II IS marvellous how the Church while
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1903-07-26

The Rev. D. ]. McMackin, of ST Pat
Kicks Cathedral, writing for the New
York Post says:
Cardinal Segna, one of the ablest Car
dinals in the Roman Curia. member Of
five Roman congregations and Of the
Biblical commission, when asked what
he considered the fundamental principle
guiding the vast administration of the
church. replied: Consultation" The Su-
preme Pontif. while possessing the pleni-
tude Of power, never exercises it in an
arbitrary manner, but only after mature
consultation with men Of profound learn
ing and sanctity.
The immediate counsellors of the Pope
are the Cardinals, who constitute the Su-
preme Council or Senate of the church. In
like manner every archbishop or bishop
In his respective diocese has a board of
consultors, who assist him IN the exer-
else Of his Jurisdiction
Before Paul III. and Sixtus V. the Pope
and Cardinals discussed church matters in
public consistory. 1t soon became neces-
eary, however, TO introduce in ecclesias-
ticaI administration the principle so well
known in the industrial world as the d.
vision OF labor
The revolt Of Luther assumed much
dangerous proportions in a few years that
Paul III, in 1872. established the Congre-
cation Of the Inquisition or Holy Office,
whose chief purpose today, as then, is
70 combat heresy and false doctrines.
Stxtus V. following the principles adopt
Cd by Paul Ill. created fifteen congrega-
lions Bull Immense Aeterni Del" Jan
2 1S57), TO each Of which he assigned a
special work, a definite procedure, and
adequate jurisdiction
Thus the Consistorfal Congregation six
tue V, 1889 prepares, discusses and ex-
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1903-07-26

70 the Sovereign Ponfil for confirmation
The present system OF administration
ernbodies the wisdom and exPertence %
centuries. AID has gtSen mos, satsstae-
tory results Formerly. IS We save said
the Pope and Cardinals discussed Church
affairs IN public coasiStory in the presenes
OF foreign ambassadors. who tntcrfered
with the independence Of the deiieera-
tons and votes by endeavori1g 70 win
the favor OF the Cardinals fer their re-
spective countries
SixtuS V BY creating the Congregations
and making sheir deliberations secret Sc
cured the Independence OF the Cardinals
from outside influences and 81 the same
time enabled them 20 DO more efficient
work b. relieving them o. the burden *
studying all matters that concern the Uni
versSI Church. and by combining their Ia
bors TO few Cousreg cations in whics
they have had considerable practice.
The Cardinals finally. constitute thu
Electoral College and on the death % the
Pope meet in eonciave 20 elect sue
cessor. Unlike our Presidential electors.
the Cardinals are net hampercd BY uni
versal suffrage or any other Influences.
but are free 10 choose the candidate whom
they feel most worthy % the Pontincai
throne and the one destined ~ Divine
Providence 20 rule the Church. The Fres-
dental electors would not dare select q
candidate other than the one chosen ny
the people. even II they believed IN con-
science that the man was unworthy af
the high Office.
Las heart vent ont 20 America H~
admired and expressed his admiration ire
auently Tor what nc called 10 slancio
legii Americani the Elan OF the AuseTt-
cans. He was 10 ordinary man who, 40
the age Of uinety-foar. could grasp ana
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1903-07-26

his province, and also the exa animation of
the reports presented to the Holy See
by the bishops and archbishops Of the
world when they make their regular visit
ad linina apostolorum," to the tombs
Of the apostles and to the successor Of
ST. Peter. Benedict XIV modified the
Congregation somewhat establishing
special section for the examina ton Of pro-
vincial synods. while Plus * later form
ed a special section for the "ad limina"
visits OF the bishops Another very i'm
portant work assigned TO this Congrega-
ton is the solution Of the very comph-
Gated difficulties that arise occasionally
concerning the sacrament Of matrimony.
No power on earth can dissolve a mar
rage legitimately contracted and con-
summated by the contracting parties.
However, if the marriage be not consum-
mated, or If either or both parties be af-
fected by an impedient nullifying the mar
rage contract, then the Sovereign Pom
tit has the divinely committed perogative
of dissolving such contract or declaring it
null and void. It is the duty Of the Con-
gregation Of the Council to institute a
thorough economical examination and de-
eide whether the conditions requisite for
the exercise Of the Pontifical perogative
have been verified.
The Propaganda" the Congregation
for the Propagation Of the Faith. is a
most important factor in the government
Of the church. It is divided into two
distinct branches. the Latin and the ORR
entail. each having its own project. car
dinals secretaries. and consultors. The
Latin branch has full charge Of Church
interests in countries where the Latin
rite prevails namely. in Europe. Africa,
America. Oeeania- The Oriental branch
has jurisdiction over the Eastern schis-
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1903-07-26

ever holding fast TO principles, in the ap-
pIication Of those principles adapts her
self TO the peculiar circumstances and
needs of every age and Of every coun-
try. In Rome the vase administration of
the Church centers in the Secretariat Of
State under Cardinal Rampolla, and in
the Propaga under Cardinal Gotti.
The Secretariat of State deals with coun-
tries that have maintained diplomatic re-
lations with the Holy See, where Catho-
lies are in the majority and the Canon
Law OF the Church can be properly en-
forced. The Propaganda, on the con-
trary, has to do with countries where
Catholics are in the minority and inf
dels and heretics are numerous. The
policy Of Rome is to grant as many priv
ileges as possible 10 the missionary coun-
tries while strengthening the Government
at home.
The Congregation Of the Index has al
ways met with considerable opposition
and criticism, especially in these days Of
free speech and the liberty OF the press.
The opposition is without foundation and
Is due in most part 10 apprehension
The Church following the example Of the
Good Shepherd. does not believe in turn
ing the flock out upon indiscriminate pas
lures. We are told today that the science
of medicine can do very much to prevent
disease. but little to cure it. And so the
great benefit derived from boards OF
health Is that they eliminate the causes
which produce OF spread contagious dis
eases. The Index is a remedy against
eonta gioUs literature. The Church from
the beginning has always taken great
care 10 point out 10 her children all those
false or pernicio,ss doctrines that are
calculated to impair OF blight their faith
Many modern thinkers realize that It Is
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1903-07-26

very difficult thing to cure minds afflict-
ed with anarchism, and are beginning TO
recognize the great wisdom of the Church
in doing all she can TO prevent such in
lection from taking hold of the individual
and of society
The Cardinals and consultors comprising
the Congregation of the Index represent
nearly every language and every country
OF the civilized world, so that Rene may
keep in close touch with the publications
OF the different nations. The Congrega-
ton takes no cognizance Of publication
unless it be referred TO Rome by some
bishop or other ecclesiastIc having juris-
diction in the Church. The work is as
signed for examination 10 some consultor
familiar with its matter and language.
The consultor analyses the book. draws
up his conclusions and presents them for
approval to the Board OF Consultors, who
prepare a final statement which is pre-
scented TO the general meeting of the Car
dinals. The latter determine first of all
whether the publication merits condemna-
ton, and secondly whether under the cir
cumstances such condemnation is oppor-
tune. Sometimes it happens that the
Cardinals. whose Judgment has been ma
tuFed by long years OF study and ex-
perience. refuse 10 prescribe work which
has received the unanimous eondemna-
tion of the Board Of Consultors.
The Congregation OF Rites was created
by Sixtus V to regulate the celebration
OF the divine Offices TO preserve the an
cient ritc5 Of the church In all their pur-
ity. to revise and correct hturgica1 works.
and finally to settle an questions relative
to the canonization Of saints. A charac-
teristic of this Congregation is that one
OF its members is called Familiarity the
Devils Advocate" whose Office Is TO set
The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1903-07-26

direct Slfn e0rriszbls energy TIE xss sd
r1inisfrsfioa q which se have ss~tehsf
;he hrozd osuiaes ans who pszsed ia
leisure TocmSrts 81 coTapovfrF IAtis
verzes hat rvai ira rastsrpleces q
Horace r. fh~sr haste sfyla and sHeslssts
~ork n axsssip.
Ter. 70 ssseh ryscuiat4gn coaSsrxfas
fhs ruocs--or u L-o XIII = thsrs ary
Cardinal sr -. Rsrasa CsriA ~ car -
cruspar>d 70 he Isst PoatirT Wa wes1if
hsTs tno1E1f tsst CsSdisAl rscrt. ~hfss
Eisbop e Fs-uEiz fsr - Ray szars.
'Eoss6 icons -. - 4ss-fogs La XII.
= nor-a EsnzT.sr 81 90 q 20 E~sz'ers
Pcp~s that tss Cngr-s ever hst- 10
XII. -aa = many ~sys ~ ~snssr q
- ax. - "a acf3sssf Erssf shssxs
s>oz - - e.f sslrralrSst htras~is ~
Grsaf rls- : su r1rrlr-st hat here -
~. ftsss &c cs-sfasi n 80 Rerssa
rsrss 80 ~esff nss~ Ersss Fass. o3-
rr-rgaits essssa-- 80 mza. 50 80
ar go ~ 80 zerfA or esrsrftY = 80
rrsp~-f cszs1stsfes - - FsaarT r1su
ers s.. fs@-s sss e~ss sisefs< sn1 gst -
r-1ssees = ~ Frsss crsarfssfstss
phfrh - ~sl1l-s p~r~ s~erss
Or fhsrz rrnrsr-2-E ~ sesrg = -.
80 paztls L. esTtsiH Bs sd - as
sf-u-F r-ts-f - s-erfr= "a 10 XIII
vss -. ~T1sst.sss g Eo-zs az ssss
vrrts-f e~5 s-s~strs. = - F-ersfe
= Rrns rtas shs~~. - - ysxesss -
zo-s ~. Sp--ssesss r.sfszsss fsfss -
- Erff ss~ese-tFy 49, -Hevhsrs sz
3 49, n1rs fsza - frss A-zsrssz
5Sys ~ AsrsS.t
a arfs-- ~ ~ Afx7asss fzfg k-fsr
I'D asszstsa - eorsssrs $50 3gteF-1
is1y T. - reEe ~ rstr aasft-g
~ Ezs-r az. 49, sf~8sfsE - 49,
ss-s ~ - sss - -s-ff 80 80 80
kzs 49, eAgsr~a ere 80 tess as 1913
-.ssss - 90 slr ~ 49, tsasfiS
r-ssa--r nrs s-aa-Fr - fafr tfEs 80
fss.r zsr.s - 81 eseesst rsrT -se1 as
49, resas - ftse ueE - r~f-Esarss
-geas nzz sszsrs s-s ~ ~ s-rssif
go -s.1asasa Ehslr~ stssFs ffi1x
go - sa1 q - g
r.sls 49, - sast1 ~ - a~ts =
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Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1903-10-23
Horse Feeding.

The experiment stations have been
finding out things about horse feeding.
Here are a few of their conclusions:
Horses. like other animals. require O
definite amount of nutrients and ener-
CIV per thousand POUNDS live weight for
maintenance and an extra amount,
chiefly energy yielding nutrients, for
muscular work, the amount being pro-
portional to the character and amount
of work performed.
The amount of nutrients required in
creases with the amount of work done
and with increased speed. More energy
is required for climbing an incline than
for travelling on level. In descending
an incline Of less than five degrees for
ty-fve minutes less energy is required
than in travelling on level. II the in
cline is greater than five degrees forty
five minutes more energy is expended
to prevent a too rapid descent than IN
walking on level.
The ration should consist of concen-
+rated and coarse feeds. The ratio Ivy
weight of coarse fodder or bulky feed
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1903-10-23
= zFaRks14RMkz6z
F q: :.I;2sA GRRDEN
CHICKEN FATTENlNG.
LOST OF Food Per Pound OF Ipcre.sc
In Live Weight.

Se Oh rood Per Pound OF Iucre.se
In Live Weight.
Inc Canadian experiment. station has
conducted an experiment to ascertain
Tue reia've merits of certain breeds of
enlckehs for fattening as follows:
Barred Plymouth Rock, While Plym-
outh kock, Faverolle. Silver Gray Dork-
ing Orpington, Rhode Island Red.
WHITE Indian Game, White Wyandotte.
cross of Barred Plymouth Rock and
Alght Brahma. The experiment was
Degun In June of last season and con-
tinued for six weeks.
1t was found that the cost of produc-
ton food only did not exceed in anv
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1903-10-23

to concentrated feed in the ordinary
ration has been found to be about III.
Crude fiber may perhaps be fairly con-
sidered as the characteristic constit-
uent of coarse fodder. The ratio Of
crude fiber to protein in the average
or large number of American rations
mas been found to be about 81.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1903-10-23


Fifteen weeks old; weights 5 pounds
ounces: pounds z ounces
case At cents per pound Of increase Of
live weight and that this figure WIS
only reached in one pen, which for
some unknown reason lacked the thrift
noticeable in all the others.
The cheapest flesh production was
obtained with the Light Brahma-Plym-
outh Rock cross at 81 cents per pound,
but this was very closely followed by
White Plymouth Rock, Faverolle, Sill
yer Gray Dorking and Buff OrpingtOn
at 3.S cents per pound of increase.
Barred Plymouth Rock at 4 cents,
White Wyandotte at Al cents, White
Indian Game at 4.5 cents and Rhode
Island Red at At cents per POUND COM
plete the list of those under trial.