davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-09-08

bales of cotton ginned with the number
of negroes in respective States In 1900
to every negro in these States there were
einned 5.5 bales of cotton in Texas, %
in Arkansas, II in Alabama, IL III
Mississippi. II in Georgia, L in Louisiana,
9 in South Carolina and Z in North
Carolina This would indicate that il the
negroes are maintaining their position as
to proportionate numbers IN cotton grow
ing in the longer-cultivated regions, they
are not maintaining their efficiency as
such, even allowing for a deterioration OF
the soil. For the greater number, pro
poftiOnately. OF bales raised IN Arkansas
and Texas. Oklahoma and Indian Terri
tory can not be attr: buted to the ne
grues, but must be credited to the whites,
for the white population Is very large as
compared with that Of the negro \
side light upon the Texas situation is
given by the facts for Indian Territory
and OkIaho IN 1900 in the first named
Territory, with a population OF 3o2, $50
whites and 36 853 negroes. 249,935 bales OF
cotton were ginned, nearly one-half III the
Chickasaw Nation, where the negroes con
stitute hardly one-fiftecnth Of the popula-
ton, and IN the second. with poDula-
tion Of 3s7 ,52f whites and 1881 negroes,
106,707 bales were glnned.
Texas. however, presents the most strik-
ing view OF the part in cotton raising
toward which the whites have tended. In
thirty seven of the 243 counties in Texas
there We're no negroes IN 1900. In that
year there were in the State 286,654 farms
Of white farmers, with 11,145,5S4 acres Of
improved land, producing in 1899 to the
value of s215, 434,934, and there were 65,
Az farms Of negro farmers, with 2,42S CAB
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-09-08

In every one Of these eighteen counties
the whites were largely in the majority,
their total excess over the negroes in
the eighteen counties being 554,912. IN
1890 the whites constituted more than s.
per cent. OF the population OF these coun-
ties, and IN 1900 they constituted more
than 50 per cent in spite Of the increase,
Of negroes around such cities Dallas.
Paris. Waco and Austin. During the pre-
ceding ten years the white population OF
the State had increased from ], rs 935 To
2.426 669, or 81 per cent, and of the eigh-
teen counties from 1882 to 692 453. or
Al per cent, while the negro population
had increased in the State from 4S8.171 to
$40 722. or y per cent and i'll the eighteen
counties from 1881 to 137. .481 or Is per
cent The cotton crop in these eighteen
counties had increased from 526 900 ito ],
413102 bales. or reckoning the bales at
500 pounds each for the whole period
from 4S1 SO bales to ,4i3.102 bales or 1913
per cent. IN one county Collim, where
the crop increased from 37.034 To - 963
bales, and the white population from a.
POS to 47,s29, the negro population de
creased from 1925 TO 2456.
These facts show distinctly that the
whites Of the South are raising cotton in
ever-lncreaslng number and the older cot
ton States would today be nearer the
situation in Texas IN this respect had not
the unrest of thirty years ago in the
older States driven thousands to the
Southwest, and had not the revival Of
the cotton manufacturing industry upon
scale only sketched before the war
given in the mills OPPORTUNITIES for en-
poyment to thousands Of white workers
who otherwise would have become cotton
growers.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-09-08
My LAND Is POOR

Letters from farmers often begin witt
Inns remark, and. as a rule. in the older
section OF the country, the first query Is
How much fertilizer and what kind
snail use TO get maximum crops?" The
Experiment Stations have done so much
investigating of the manurial needs of
crops that in many sections of the coun-
jlT farmers have come to the conclusion
th7t FOR every crop planted all they need
Is Ii special formula for that crop. At an
institute not long since, we heard Il
chemist tell the farmers that the sole use
Oh commercial fertilizers was to get in
oe1~ed crops and not for the permanent
Improvement Of the land. Farmers all
over the land, especially the cotton farm
's of the South, have been acting on this
p''"GlPie tor generations, and the result Is
poorer crops and poorer lands. If your
''1a was once fertile, and has been in
%'uI hahds during the time it has be
''i-e poor, whose fault is it that it is
poor! You have been annually dribbling
A'1Ie plant food in the form of com
'4eei2I fertilizers for the sole purpose of
getting little more to sell off the land
l-e crops have used up all the fertilizer
the re.l.,,..,.- III ""ui.i .ioil' ui""h vi
after ,...''. o' '"e laiid ltSei, ana year
Of fartfl..,..-. ',I I'ild tnat 'he oid amount
sult, Tran tLo tIoeS lo1 give 'le same re
ttIzer '''e Ia iiier oidilieS .he lel
good, .--a ,'l',0 @ ''lel ana says tha' tue
wb.ra +.,... n'' up TO the old standard
thov a,.. IN ,l''iii'7' '1ii9 iliii 'i'"'
poor ro, 80. 81 our i''i" mas grow Il
tertiIlcr. -, % ,iii' me- oe'""oe .i,1
for fro.... ''Ii''ul"ht<' as some lhSls''
food ant +i,i'' '.'',elS ie"'ily aVdil'pie pldii'
dfria,.. nave Deeh used IN an inJu-
prapar ,..+ anu "l'ilou' tile ana oi
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-09-08

THE YOUNG MEN ON THE FARM.
An Ohio lad writes: q am a boy, near
ing my twentieth year, strong and healthy
and use neither liquor nor tobacco.
understand farming pretty well, and have
taken a course in Agriculture, which has
helped me greatly. My father is going
to buy q Virginia farm this fall and has
money enough to buy 100 acres. Do you
think that it would pay him to go in
debt for more land, and for me to stay at
home and help him, or to 90 abroad and
work for other people? Would not care
to do anything but farm. Father can run
the 100 acres himself, and cannot give
me as good an income as | can get abroad.
Would you advise me to work the
third or work on a farm by the month.
Such questions often confront other boys
and girls too, and / would like to see a
reply from you Now it seems to us
that a man on a farm of 100 acres, if he
is going to improve the place, will need
some hired help, and that it would be
better to have his own son to help him
than to depend on the labor he may be
able to pick up. 1t IS true that in going
to Virginia he can hire negro farm labor
far cheaper, so far as the mere price OF
the labor is concerned, than a young man
of energy and ambition can get on a
[Continued on Second Pagc.l
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-09-08
Work for the Month.


As predicted IN our notes last month
the winter wheat harvest is turning out
distinctly unfayorably. The average weld
Pc acre i now placed by the govern
ment returns at y bushels per acre, as
against 13 last year, with a total crop
OF 100000. 900 bushels The prospect Of
tic spring wheat crop is also dieappoint-
lhg, the condition being Oh August 1st,
~ as against 50 on August /, 1902, and
a ten year average of so The total
wheat crop OF the country viii undoubt-
edly be much below that of last year,
and as prospects IN Europe are not much
better than our own, the indications arc
that wheat VIII be in demand at better
pl"ces than now prevail, though these are
row on the average about 10 cents a
bushel higher than a year ago
The average condition CT the corn crop
OF August 1st was IS, as against Sc on
august l, 1902, and a ten years average
OF S4. The only section of the country
where there IS promise of something
near an average yield Of this crop is
the South. Here our highland crops are
distinctly prOmi~ing-in fact, much above
the average. Lowland crops however
are disappointing. The land has been too
wet ever since spring, and the stands
are uneven and the crops badly worked
Il IS comforting, however, to know that
the average condition and prospect is bet
ter than elsewhere Should we have
a late fall much even of the late planted
crop bids fair to make good yield
Tobacco has made better progress than
the cool weather would have led one TO
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-09-08

In threc of these divisions the whites
preponderate. and the excess Of negroes
in Jackson county, Florida, and in Bruins
wick county Virginia, is slight in com
parison with the excesses of negroes in
the six counties mentioned in the first
group. And it is interesting to note that
while Robson county, North Carolina,
with 266O more whites than negroes,
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-09-08

In six of these eight typical counties
the negroes are largely in the majority.
Superficially that fact might lead to the
belief that the theory of the negro as an
essential factor in cotton growing had
been sustained But there Is another
point of view given in the situation In
four other States and two Territories, a.
follows.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-09-08

Let .a work of rrafarlpl fh. t4rJ for
the wheat crop have attention Jh, soon
er it is pIoWcd and the work o- eultva-
for good yield of gram Tn average
weld of tn wheat crop in tho South lz
not what Ii oIIabt ia ~ rv > tra, y.a.r
The weld this wear IN t95- state and
North and South Carolina !. estimated at
orly about 6yr bushels 10 ma, acre whilst
the average over a series of .ear- Ia
short of twelve buebol. Stice .-s,Ids -
these cannot bc grown prodt.blv. ana
that they arc not what ought 20 30 fnaae
and can be made 55 certainly trtte We
know farmers wbo mako oyc~ !, -rra.-
O. wears. an aycrago Of y bft-ral-. 10 th..
acrc and many who make ri good wear.
81 or 10 bushels to the acre Tho secret
OF these Yields i, not 20 much ctfrs fer.
tiIizing or naturally very fertile Isnd bur
good and perfect preDaratiou Of tho .g.I
before seeding ana scedinl, as oafIy. aa i.
safe to avoid tie ~ If .bou,d ALWAYS
be rer7erb.r,d that tho yF.tt ,re,. ,.,,.,
b. cultivated boforr il A. seeded ~
fbIa rc-roct i dfffDr- from t1e corr, ara
other boad cror. Tho r-ca. tba, can f,
donr ~ holn 4 foru.e-d .r..r II t..
started to c,ro,, < to ,,i,.c n - S.rro,..,,,.,
IN the snrjng and oven mi ts tao osfe..l
neglected Hence nc e,~,.,, t.nrort.,r,.,. -
thoroughly blowing ana ,gcrk5ng ,a. land
before seeding. 4 wbcst -aad he'd .6oull
be firm IN the subsurfacc but ssl oreu
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-09-08

expect and bids faIr 10 mtke a ma il
better yield than All one tme seemed
possible. The quality. however does not
appear likely 10 be Of the = ghesi The
bright crop j. now beng cut AMI cured
IN North Carolina and the southern parts
Of this State. and the dark crop only
needs warm weather TO make i, mature
and rIpen.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-09-08

can make profit in the growing when
properly fed on the farm. You have
made your land poor by unbusiness like
methods, now turn about and build it UP
in business-like system
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-09-08

that OF a year ago.
The apple crop OF Virginia still con-
tibucs decidedly promising and IS likely
to be one Of the largest ever harec-ted
IN the state. In cthar Statca the couaI-
ton IS not so hgh q here though The
average for the whole country d. faIr
ere. There appear, likely 10 H. large
crop for shipment but the demand is
likely to be great. as the fruit crop in
England IS practically a failure, and on
the Continent Gturo9canJ the crop Is not
al gc
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-09-08

Cotton Is still very late the weather
never having been such a. to permit ot III
making up for the time lost III the
spring II VIII altogether dcpend upon
the latoness OF the fall as to what the
outcome OF the crop NH he Picking has
commenced IN the Gua states, and some
what further north but Is nowhere. ex
ccTt IN the extreme South, general There
i complaint from any places Of injury
to the crop by cold, rain ana wceyIl
The peanut crop does not promise to
be an average one. as the conlnued wet
ness of the land has prevented weeds
and grass from being kept down in many
sections, and these are smothering the
plants.
The preparation Of the land for and the
seeding of winter oats should receive I'M
mediate attention. As the result of many
experiments made in different sections
Of tho South. it has been fully demon
strated that If winter oats are 10 DO their
best they should be seeded IN September
and preferably in TIE first half Of the
month. We would again emphasize what
We said in our last months issue as TO
the preparation Of tho seed bed The
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-09-08

The oat crop OF the country dis
appontiug ono, and VIII be much below
that OF a ycar ago.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16

Found BY It's Owner in Street whsfs
She Let il Five Ye-rs Ago.
The lucldest woman in the west is
Mrs. Anna M Scott of Denver. Col
Five years ago. in returning from a
party she lost a diamond earring
worth $500 In looking for something
else a few days ago she found the dia.
mond in the street where she had
dropped it so long before.
Hundreds OF persons had passed
over the spot in the meantime. RaiA
and snow had buried the jewel in the
sand, and at just the right time the
rain again washed the diamond clean
for Mrs. Scott to find it. Other per.
sons had looked in vain, when it was
lost years ago.
i was not looking for it, said the
owner. Il was looking for little ring
that my daughter thought she had
lost AS l could not find the ring. l
went over the ground rather carefully.
Suddenly something sparkling
caught my eye and then / cried rieht
out loud. Why, there's my diamond!'
Il was SO surprised to see 1t that
| could really hardly believe that
was awake, or that it was 1902 In
stead Of 1897"
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16

There has been an Anti-Tipping SO.
ciety formed in Berlin. This is an in'
toresting suggestion, and leads to some
reflection one is curious TO know 4
the members have the moral courage
to wear badges-and, if SO, the attitude
Of the attendants.
We hear a great deal about the abuse
Of this custom here, yet how many Of
us would rather save the change, and
miss baslxing in the sunshine Of the
smiling cOlored porter, or forego toe
pleasant, cordial, "This way. sir. yes.
sir" upon arriving friendiess in q
strange city.
1t must be a hard life 20 seem glad
TO see a hundred people a day, and we
would consider ten cents or even a
quarter. very modest compensation fer
each demand uneu so necessarily a per-
ennial store. The argument tiiat these
contributors to public comfort are paid
by the employers is misleading. for ihe
salary IS fixed in proportion to the op-
portunities for receiving tips. and s
often so meaper as to be a mere formal
ity. This brings us 10 the root Of the
matter. the announcement Cf the nuis-
ance by the parsimony of the employ
ers. But they are hard 90 reach. SO we
must be recigned and hope Tor somo
solution Of the problem Id the future.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16


The whip Gickng hero OF this ston
had driven an ilasciDle old feilo@ a
good three mile journey IN London.
When the fare climbed siiuly out dne
slowly produced big p0ckelbook cAb-
by drew deep breath and prepaid 70
be s4,4 castle. A waJchful colstable
standing near prevented all thought Of
his relieving his feelings by tae use OF
picturesque terms.
Cabby watched his fare make a
lengthy mental calculation Of the dis
lance he had been driven. select the
exact legal fare count il twice over.
and then proUer It to him with an ex-
preston on his face plainly indicative
Of Now, then, you dare dispute it anil
III take your number
But cabby didn't dispute 1t. Instead,
he promptly accepted it, but slipping
his hand into another pocket he pro-
duced a farthing. which he handed to
the fare.
whats this for?' demanded the
old fellow
"One farden. ourrint coin OF the rel
lum, sir" said cabby, gathering mp his
reins. Il druY you jest the exact dis
tance represented by arr Of that there
shekel under the three mile you reck'
oned. I amt got no arr farden about
me but it don't matter. You can keep
the change I amt mean. Good-by
sir, and God bless YOU Gee up, 'orse!'
-oLndon Answers.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16

Not long ago an enthusiastic an
throDoioglst reached the frontier OF
Bclaium with the mummy of one Of
Egypts most noted and respectable
families in his possession. At the
customs the officials asked what it
was.
"A mummy" was the answer.
"You can't take it in without paying
duty"
But mummies pay no duty" replied
the traveller.
I'VE viii consult the register re-
piled the official. An enormous vol
ume was examined, but with no re-
suit; mummies were not classified.
Declare it as salt FISH," shouted the
official to one of the clerks, and thus
the mummy of a possible Pharaoh
made its triumphal entry into Bel
gium.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16

epeees with The House Committee.
Cf the gentlemen who re-
main on the Committee, Senator
Quarles alone has ever eyieneed
any personal interest in the gen.
eral affairs Of tie indian Territory
and The others are too busy 70 per-
nit aDy new interests to be thrust
upon thin Since the "Curlis Bali"
met with such repudiatiou Mr..
CaTtis has not bothered himself
20 propose any new suggestions
aud it Is not h Is thst any mem
Der Of the committee Will ever do
80 again. Whatever the Indian
Territory gets hereafter she must
ask for and she must make strong
showing OF unammity ia the de-
maud ifshe gels 1T then.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16

Miss Nell Cashell, of Austin,
Texas, sang very sweetly Dudley
Bucks beautiful Fear Ye Not,
O Israel at morning service at St
Lukes church yesterday. Her
very sweet soprano notes and dis
tinct enunciatlOn were universal y
admired AT the evening service
at the Methodist church Miss
Cashell sang "One Swectly Sol
emn Thought
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16

Mrs. Ewing's aud Miss Pink
brakes father died at Cbickasha
last Monday night. Miss Drake
was with HIM, having gone up on
Saturday. Mrs. Ewing had
letter on Tuesday saying her
father was much better, and in
a very short time afterwards re-
Teived a telegram of his sudden
death. The remains were taken
to east Texas for interment.
Mrs. Ewing joined the sad cor
tege here and accompanied h r
sister as far as Terral. The
Herald is in deep sympathy with
The bereaved family.-AddingtOn
Herald.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16
ST. PATRICK SOCIAL.

The ladies OF the Altar Society
will give a public social At the
Catholic school, Tomorrow March
IL, from to p. M Refresh
menls will be served and selected
vocal and instrumental music will
be furnished throughout the ewes
ming. Everybody kindly invited.
MRs. F. a. LANGUEIN, Pres.
MRS. Ed. SHANenNEssY, Sec.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16
NoTIcE. CHILDREN.

The trees, which were delay ed,
have come aud at school children
are requested to be at the South
school, (called by some, the
Willard school aud at the West
School al o'clock tomorrow,
Tuesday morning, where they are
TO y ant the trees.
Theschool Roard aud Public I'M
provement Committee will be Oh
hand.
Resp'Y,
Public improvement Com,
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16
Your Money is Secure
when put into our keeping.

Our vaults are OF modern con-
struclion fire and burglar proof.
Careful attentionis given to the
accounts Of all depositors.
Business is conducted on a safe
basis and all Investments are thor
oughly investigated before being
recommends. by the management.
All financial matters which con-
cern the welfare of our clients are
promptly and skillfullY handled
The FIRST NATIONAL BANK
invites deposits from individuals,
firms and institutions
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16

It WAS so cold Sunday night, ~
marks the wichita Eagle, that q man
who tried 70 eft cut on the front
porch IN bis shirt sleeves had 70
quit With the remark, "Bamed, i,ut
not beaienr
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16
L. G. OYERHsI.SER.

is your house numbered 10
merchants can deliver yonr goods
at the right place and yonr friends
know where TO dnd youl IL not.
come to the Daily Express Office
and get one z5c. Subscribers to-
the Baily Express con have their
houses numbered free 81 charge.
If you will bcceme % subscriber. ihe
same rule applies. Your house
hsould be numbered. dtf
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16

Personally conducted weekly
excursion cars leave Memphis
every Tuesday for California via
the Choclaw Rock Island system
aud So. Pac. Ry aud for Portland
Oregon, every Thursday via the
Choctaw Uuion Pacific route.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16

Lawyers are the most miserable Of
witnesses Nothing Is so delightful
10 the possible plaintiff or defendant
n a suit as 2 poor. frightened. angry.
rrazy. ratified, rolled. indignant ~
tOrney being grllled.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16

Nifs losephine Burnham. head Of
the HHeiish department Of Browneil
hail Omaha Neh has accepted the
cnair of a similar department Of Wei
lesley college. She Is a graduate OF
the University Of Chicago
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16

Miss Nora Sol.el has returned
home from Cbickasha where she
has been a pupil 10 the convent,
She advanced rapidly in all her
studies aud especially ia music
NARROW Review.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16

Mrs Dipert, wife of an employe
of the car shops, who resides at
Second and Oregon ave. ran a
needle IN her foot one day last
week, and while attempting TO ex-
tract it, the needle broke, leaving
a portion in the flesh, which caus-
ed her much suffering before il
was extracted.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16

ASK FOR CASTLE HALL, THE
LEADING FIVE CENT CIGAR or
THe YEAR.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16

A Ten CENT FEELlNG FOR A
FIVE CENT PRICE. CASTLE HALL
ClGAR.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16

The Ladies Of the Macabees will
meet at odd Fellows hall tomorrow
afternoon al 2;30 for the purpose
Of closing the chapter. A full
is requested
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16

lost. Tuesday Afternoon. lady's
black and gray astraehan collar
trimmed with black tails. Finder
Rill leave same at Gilke y-Jarhoe
Hardware store and receive re-
ward.
Joe Rechif is building a large ice
box for his Palace meat market
which will add much to the appear
ance Of bis popular market. Joe
will keep up with the city and add
other improvements in the near fn-
tuFe.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16

POPULAR WiTH PARTICULARS
PEOPLE II CASTLE HALL CIGAR,
FIVE CENTS.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16
ZOE SALE.

For Sale-A nice lot of chickens.
Inquire at the northeast corner of
Third and Illinois avenue. 53tf
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16

palIy Eapress. lOc per weeek.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1903-03-16

When wash day comes around
make il easier by using Lenox
soap. Saves your hands and the
clothes. 9t