Aberdeen herald. [volume] (Aberdeen, Chehalis County, W.T.) 1886-1917, 1903-12-10

edlv exercised this control by interview
ing in the course of domestic dissen-
sion, and by protecting the territory
from foreign invasion. In 1858 Mr.. Ev-
erett assured the Peruvian minister
that we should not hesitate to maintain
the neutrality of the isthmus in the
case of war between Peru and Colom-
bia. In 1864 Colombia which has al
ways been vigilant TO avall 1tselt or
| its privileges conferred by the treaty,
EXPRESSED it's expectation that in the
event of war between Peru and Spain
the United States would carry into
effect the guaranty of neutrality. There
have been few administrations of the
state department in which this treaty
has not, either by the one side or the
other been used as a basis of more or
less important demands. 1t was said
by Mr. Fish in 1871 that the depart
ment of state had reason to believe
that an attack upon Colombian sover-
eighty on the isthmus had, on several
occasions, been averted by warning
from this government. In 1885. when
| Colombia was under the menace of
hostilities from Italy in the Cerruti
case, Mr.. Bayard expressed the serious
concern that the United states could
not but feel that a European power
should resort to force against sister
republic of this hemisphere, as to the
sovereign and uninterrupted use OF a
part of whose territory we are guaran-
tors under the solemn faltn OF a treaty.
Established Facts.
/ The>above recttaf of Observation-Disclosures :.
beyond question: First, that the United
States has for over half century pa
tiently and in good faith carried out it's
obligations under the treaty of 1916;
second that when for the first time it
became possible for Colombia to do
anything in reQuital of the services
thus repeatedly rendered to it for fifty
l I,xy4 I,n Unit
Colombian government peremptorlly
and. extensively refused thus to do it's
part, even though to do so would have
been to it's advantage and lmmeasur-
ably to the advantage of the State or
Panama, at that time under its 1uris-
diction; third, that throughout this
period revolutions, riots and factional
disturbances of every kind have oc-
Cured one after the other in almost UNI
interrupted succession, some of them
| lasting for months and even for years,
while the central government was I'M
| able to put them down or to make peace
with the rebels; fourth, that the dis
turbances instead of showing any sign
of abating have tended to grow more
numerous and more serious in the inn
mediate past; fifth, that the control
of Colombia over the 1sthmus of Pam
anna could rot be maintained without
the armed intervention and assistance
of the United States. In other words,
the government of Colombia, though
wholly unable to maintain order on the
isthmus, has nevertheless declined to
ratify a treaty the conclusion of which
opened the only chance to secure it's
own stability and to guarantee perma-
nent peace on, and the construction Of
a canal across the isthmus.
Under such circumstances the gov
eminent of the United States would
have been guilty of folly and weakness,
amounting in their sum to a crime
against the nation, had it acted other
wise than it did when the revolution
of Novembec 3 last took place in PAN
anna. This great enterprise of building
| the interoceanic canal cOnnat be held
up to crafty the whims, or out of re-
spect to the governmental impotence.
or to the even more sinister and evil
political peculiarities, of people who,
though they dwell afar off, yet, against
the wish of the actual jewellers on the
isthmus, assert an unreal supremacy
over the territory. The possession of a
territory fraught with such peculiar
capacities as the isthmus in question
carries with it obligations to mankind.
The course of events has shown that
this canal cannot be built by private
enterprise, or by any other nation than
our own; therefore it must be built by
the United States.
New Republic Of Panama.
| Every effort has been made by the
government of the United States to
persuade Colombia to follow course
which was essentially not only to our
interests and to the interests of the
world, but to the interests of Colombia
herself. These efforts have failed; and
Colombia, by her persistence in repuls-
| ing the advances that have been made,
has forced us, for the sake of our own
honor, and of the interest and WELL
being, not merely of our own people,
but of the people of the Isthmus Of Pam
l n ~ Il nd hn mi 0f th0 ,t,ys1s
countries of the world, to take decisive
steps to bring to an end condition of
affairs which had become intolerable.
The new Republic of Panama immedi-
ately offered to negotiate a treaty with
U.S. This treaty herewith submit. BY
it our interests are better safeguarded
than in the treaty with Colombia, which
was ratified by the Senate at it's last
session. 1t is better in it's terms than
the treaties offered to us by the repub-
lies of Nicaragua and Costa Rica. At
last the right to begin this great UNDER
taking is made available. Panama has
done her part. All that remains is for
the American Congress to do it's part
and forthwith this republic will enter
upon the execution of project colossal
in it's size and of wellnigh incalculable
possibilities for the good of this coun-
try and the nations of mankind.
| Provisions Of Treaty.
ny the provisions of the treaty the
Onlted states guarantees and will
maintain the independence of the Re-
public of Panama. There is granted
to the United States in perpetuity the
use, occupation, and control of a strip
ten miles wide and extending three
nautical miles into the sea at either
terminal, with all lands lying outside
OF the zone necessary for the construc-
ton of the canal or for it's auxiliary
works, and with the islands in the
Bay of Panama. The cities of Panama
and Colon are not embraced in the
canal zone but the United States as
sumes their sanitation and, in case Of
need the maintenance Of order there
in; the United States enjoys within
the granted limits all the rights. pow
er, and authority which it would pos
ses were it the sovereign of the terri
tory to the exclusion of the exercise Of
sovereign rights by the republic. All
railway and canal property rights be-
longing to Panama and needed for the
canal pass to the United States, includ-
ing any property of the respective COM
panies in the cities Of Panama and
4 Vol