The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1903-07-11

Of $l1 100000. This gives, approximately,
a school for each forty Of those Of school
age. School establishment naturally finds
its best development in the Province Of
Ontario. In the Province of Quebec,
with its predominating French element
giving its allegiance to the Roman Cath
olic faith, large number Of pupils are
in attendance upon schools maintained
under the auspices Of the Church. The
Province OF Ontario maintains nearly
10000 schools at an annual cost per pupil,
taken on basis Of total attendance, of
5000 as against S5.s2 in 1870. In Mani
toba, the wilderness of twenty-five years
ago, 1900 pupils are provided with ,45O
schools and 500 teachers, at an expense
OF 81 ,455000 per year Even in that new
and still sparsely settled Northwest, the
Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Assiniboia
country, there are $40 schools, with 1888
teachers and 27,50O pupils. From these
figures it is evident that those who are
to play part in that great future which
unquestionably lies before the Canadian
people will at least know how to read a
daily paper and how to sign their names
to bank checks.
These are all striking facts, yet, rightly
regarded, they are little else than outward
and visible signs of an even more impor-
tant fact, that of Canadian nationalist
ton. In 1887 and 1888, political and race
friction between the English and the
French elements eliminated in rebel
lion. The country was then divided
into Upper Canada, in which the Eng
lish element dominated, and Lower
Canada, the area of French supremacy.
In 1910, governmental union was eff
fected which was of material aid in al
laying the existing political friction,
though failing to remove it entirely.
The next twenty-five years may be re-
garded as a formative period. Out Of
the strife and the struggles Of that time,
there developed an extension of the
union idea. The federation of 1867 was
the outcome. Its original organization
embraced Ontario, Quebec, New Bruins
wick and Nova Scotia. Manitoba came
in 1870, British Columbia in 1871, Prince
Edward Island in 1873, and other sections
at other times until, with the exception
of Newfoundland, the entire area from
sea to sea had become part of the
Dominion OF Canada, a definitely organ
lied political entity. Some friction aris-
ing out of the old racial and religious
differences, appears from time TO time
This is inevitable, but it will all be worked
out in due time.
Meanwhile, the sense Of national
unity and Of communal interest has
developed and is manifestly becoming
stronger from year to year. 1t is this
development which makes all questions
of international relations between Cam
ada and all other countries a wholly diff
ferent affair from that which was pre-
senteda quarter ola century ago. Neither
England nor the United States can deal
with Canada as it then could Cam
ada is getting to be big boy now"
and Canadians realize it. Canada has
that to sell and to trade which other
people want, and that fact is quite promi-
nent in Canadian minds.
Whoever wants Canada's trade, with
its vast increase from year to year, can
purchase it only upon basis Of fair
equivalent in exchange. The big boy
will now insist on swapping even"