davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22
Break Up the Crust.

When rain falls on heavy soils, the
water penetrates it only slowly. "a
the spaces between the soil particles
are very small. After the rain, the
sun and the wind begin their work.
and the evaporation from the soil
causes it to form a crust. This crust,
while preventing the air from reaching
the roots of the plants, serves as q
medium through which the water in
the soil may the more readily pass
of. without going up through the
plants. The latter, therefore. often
seem at a standstill in their growth.
The water must net be permitted to
pass out of the soil except through the
plants II we are able to prevent it,
and we can to a large extent pre-
vent this by breaking up the crusts
as soon as they form. This generally
occurs after q heavy rain. The heavier
the rain the f.rmer the crust is likely
to be.
We too often forget the great law
Of capillarity that is working in our
soils. Those who have not given at
tention to this matter imagine that
plants drink water in bulk. This Is
not true, at least for any length Of
time. When there is q down-pour q
plant may take up water if it be
thirsty for it, but it is probable that it
takes up water only in a certain pro-
portion to its food. It cannot gorge
its cells with water minus food. Most
of the water 1t takes is drawn up from
the lower portions Of the soil by
capillary attraction, and the film of
water is surrounded by q larger bulk
of air and by these two the plant
food in the soil is made available for
the plant. Now. the hard-packed soil
IL soil with great power Of drawing
up water. Some one has described
the sun and the wind as the pumps of
the Lord to draw moisture out of the
earth. The saying is largely true.
But these pumps should be made by
man to draw moisture out of the
leaves Of our plants. that growth may
be accelerated.
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22
The Original Angoras.

The opinion Of Mr.. Schreiner, the
South African authority, of q pure
bred Angora is as follows: think 1t
is certain that the original pure-bred
white mohair goat was . small, very
refined, delicate animal. of great beau
ty, clipping at twelve months growth
of fleece about from two to four
pounds according to age and sex
kids considerably less) OF dazzling
white. fine. soft, silky, very lustrous
mohair, curling in ringlets from 10 to
1S inches long. with merely the mini
mum of oil In its fleece requisite to
the growth of hair of the highest ex-
cellence, so small in amount as to be
inappreciable to the unskilled OBJ
server. It was perfectly clothed in
every part; it had short. silky, curly
hair about the face and down the
lower parts of the legs to the hoofs: a
soft, silky, curly ''kuif" (tuft ON the
forehead), and small. thin. lght-col-
ored horns. The eve was, of course.
smaller and finer than the ram, and
had only one kid at q birth (of this
ths-e II abundant evidence).
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22
Heat Fatal 10 Farmer Boy.

SCHUYLER - Adalf Kaplan. q
young Bohemian aged Is. who came
from his native land but q short time
since. and was employed on the farm
II Prokop Castek. near Schuyler. died
from sunstroke. He was In the field
alone with . team cultivating corn.
A young girl went out with lunch for
him and found him lying dead behind
the cultivator, where he had fallen.
He was robust and hearty appearing.
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22
Skim Milk for SoMs.

On farms where dairying is an i'm
portant industry and where there is an
abundance of skim milk for SOW and
litter, it is not unusual for the brood
SOW to nurse a litter Of pigs without
herself losing weight. In the alb
:ence of skim milk we find that the
:ow generally loses in weight, how.
ever bountiful the supply of grain and
green material.-J. f. Duggar.
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22

CHESTER-One death and another
probable fatality Is the Fourth Of
July record here. John Harness. 6
years old, son OF John Harmes, came
to town and asked DR.. Stretton to
dress his Fourth of July finger. which
lad come in contact with q toy pistol
on that day. The doctor found strong
symptoms of blood poisoning. The
wound became worse and death en-
sued in q short time.
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22

Ten county clerks in the state are
delinquent in making their returns of
the assessed valuations of their coun-
ties and as . result taeir counties are
likely to have to pay more taxes than
they have had to pay with the returns
aled- The auditor sent out q circular
letter to the delinquents explaining
that under section q. chapter lxxvii,
article I. Of the compiled statutes of
1901. returns must all be in by July
10
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22

Mrs. Goodheart 10 woman whose
husband has just been sent to Jail foI
ife-beating)-Why do yen think your
husband will miss you?
Woman-HeU miss me because he
can't hit me.
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22

An Illinois woman claims to have
driven ants away from her lawn by
sprinkling their haunts with . mix
ture Of equal parts Of tartar emetic
and sugar.
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22
An Iowa Decision.

The Iowa courts have Just decided
very interesting point In regard to
oleo having q slightly yellow color. It
has been asserted and believed that
butter could be incorporated with oelo,
thus giving 1t a color legally. Some
oleo very slightly yellow was seized
In Iowa and the sellers prosecuted.
The oleo men argued that the little
color in the butter did not come in
as q result of artificial coloring.
The prosecutors contended that it
made no difference how it got there.
as long as It was present. The Judge
and the jury took this view of 1t.
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22

Occe . day is suflcient to eat DO.
tatoes. Rice and other cereals. msca-
roni. spaghetti, baked bananas, etc.
win be found agreeable changes.
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22
Death Of Missile 165.

Shorthorn breeders will learn with
regret of the great loss sustained by
Mr.. E. w. Bowen of Delphi, Indiana,
In the death last week of his cele-
brated COW. Missile 165, one of the
finest examples of the best type of
Shorthorn that ever entered the show
ring. At the great International Ex-
positions of 1901 and 1902. where were
gathered the flower of the breed from
all parts of the world, Missile was
awarded second premium. her COM
petitor for first place being the un-
defeated Ruberta, who has yet to
meet her match.
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22

When green peas are not particular.
" tender, q little bicarbonate Of soda
and q few mint leaves will improve
their quality and favor.
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22

Thinks Marriage License . Failure.
young and impetnous lover in At
lanta. Ca. recently decided to get mar
ried. He took out a license for him
self and a girl whom he thought would
make a good wife. Then he went to
consult her about it. He produced tho
license and served 1t on her as a sort
of warrant, mandamus or ether potent
legal document. She said she did not
want to marry Her father agreed with
her and held gun on him. giving him
his choice of the contents of the gun
or a horsewhippins from the young
woman. He took the latter and he
CARDS the marriage license as failure.
Queer Visiting Cards.
In CCrea visiting cards are a foot
square. The savages of Dahomey an
Eounce their visits to each other by a
wooden board or the branch of q tree
artist!cally carved. This is sent on in
advance. and the visitor. ON taking
leave. pockets his card. which prob
ably serves him for many years. The
natives of Sumatra also have q visiting
card consisting Of piece Of wood
about q foot long and decorated With
a bunch Of straw and knife.
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22

uOsuooO ~ VOWVOSSs
NEWPORT-A tornado from the
Aortheast struck Newport and destroy
I'd all the principal haybarns in town.
The total loss is about $1,000.
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22
Summer Field Crops.

The Iowa Experiment Station is
sending out some advice to farmers
relative to the sowing of late field
crops. In part the circular says: Un
0recedented rains have prevented
many farmers in Iowa from preparing
and planting all their land intended
for corn. In some sections foods have
ruined the growing crop. 1t will be
the middle of June before many can
work their land, and the Experiment
Station has had many inquiries about
late crops to utilize the land. II
possible to obtain the seed q ninety.
lay corn. like farmers Reliance, Pride
of the North, or Early Longfellow
Dent, can be planted as late as June
10Th with reasonable assurance Of
reaching maturity before the close Of
he growing season. Nothing can fully
take the place of corn.
For corn hay for this season, select
The earliest maturing variety of corn
you can obtain in :our locality. 1t
can be sown broadcast, planted or
drilled. Plant the hills as close to-
gether Is you can with your corn
planter. or II you use . corn drill
place in drill rows 36 to ~ inches
apart and kernels 2 to 1 inches apart
in the rows, using from 20 to Is pounds
Of seed to the acre. For roughage
this corn hay is most excellent and
1t will probably give more rough feed
Of good quality per acre than We can
now hope to get In any other way this
late in the season. BY using a corn
harvester the crop is harvested quite
easily. II sowed very thick q grain
binder can often be used. Corn can
not be readily or easily cured II
moved and harvested as We do hay.
When bound and placed in shocks that
are not too large it usually cures out
quite well. BY planting sweet corn
In rows similar to the plan just men
toned or drilling in rows "a to 80
inches apart, . very fine quality Of
fodder can be obtained which IL great
ly relished by all kinds OF farm stock.
Among other crops that can be put
In at this time are sorghum, millet.
kafir corn, soy beans and buckwheat.
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22
Selling Milk Exhausts Land.

oSUss3 UUUN SAboOSS8 e0UOs
From Farmers Review: For the
last seven years have sold my milk
ut wholesale to the Boston contrac-
tors. Previously for q time I sold
cream, and before that butter. con-
slider 1t now more advantageous for q
farmer to sell cream IL possible than
any other method of disposing Of his
product. Next I prefer butter. the
small additional price secured for sell
Ing whole milk is not sumcient to
make up for the value of the skim
milk to the farmer, both for feeding
and fertilizing purposes. The milk
producers of this vicinity have been
shipping the fertility Of their farms to
Boston for years; hence there is
general complaint of worn out lands.
sell whole milk because am obliged
to. not because I prefer i'll. B. Mar
cou, Worcester County. Massachusetts,.
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22
Anconas.


From Farmers Review: The
above is the name of one of the latest
imported additions of poultry to this
country. They belong to the Mediter-
ranean type Of fowls. having origin
ated on q small island called Ancona.
In the southern part of Italy. from
which they take their name. Some
years ago they were imported into
England. where they now rank among
the leading breeds; and I am very glad
to say that they are rapidly becoming
one Of the favorite breeds Of this coun-
try. They are bright. active birds, TAX
ing much exercise and largely provi-
ding for themselves II allowed to
range. They do we'll in confinement. No
cold. however severe, stops their egg
production. The egg basket is never
empty, as such has been my expert
ence, and like the Mediterranean class
are non-setters. Before breeding them
had heard wonderful reports of them
as to beauty and egg production, the
truth of which has been fully verified.
assure you a flock of them is q most
interesting sight. The chicks develop
with surprising rapidity.
In general appearance the Anconas
resemble the Leghorn type, following
them in build and carriage, as well as
in their bright combs and yellow legs.
In color they are mottled black and
white, each feather tipped with white
and the more even this mottling the
better. particularly in the hens. The
combs are bright red, upright in cock
and deeply rented. while in the hen
they fall to one side of the face. They
are compactly made, the body is round
and well formed: the face is q coral
red; the ear lobes white or creamy
white. They breed very true.-W. H.
BranthOOver.
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22
PoIled AerefordS.

In 1898 Gen. w. w. Guthrie of Atchi-
son. Kan. showed a group of cattle at
the Trans-Mississippi Exposition at
Omaha that attracted much attention.
These cattle had Hereford character.
tstics. minus the horns, and General
Guthrie called them "Polled Kansans." I"
They had been produced by crossing
Hereford bulls ON 'muley" cows. in
breeding being avoided by resort
again to Hereford stock. The bull
shown was said to get good percent
age Of hornless calves. Since then the
interest has grown. the name Polled
Hereford has been adopted, and re-
Gently the American Polled Hereford
Cattle Club was organized. with head
quarters in Des Moines. Iowa: War
rem Cannon, secretary. The polled
variation is not so common among
Herefords as among ShOrthorns. and
this imposes a considerable disad-
vantage on one who attempts to fix
It.; but there are occasional registered
HerefOrds that have never developed
horrs. An effort is now being made
to collect these animals into one
herd and thereby form the nucleus for
more extended operations. Such work
is commendable and will be watched
with interest.-Bulletin "a. Bureau Of
Animal Industry.
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22
Starving Cattle Ticks.


A bulletin Of the Mississippi Station
says: The longest time that We have
been able to keep them alive is about
three months. Prof. Morgan succeed.
ed in keeping them without food from
September 18th. 1897, until January
10th. 1898. about four and one-ha1
months, and during warmer weather
about two months-from July 10th to-
September 18th. DR.. Schroeder. Of the
Department Of Agriculture at Wash
ington, collected q number Of female
ticks February Sd. 1897. Eggs from
these had hatched by March 1Ith. and
many Of the seed ticks remained alive
until July 21st-four months and ten
days-when they were placed upon q
COW. A number Of these were ma
tured BY August 18th, when they were
collected. We thus see that these
ticks remained alive more than 6ve
months. II we suppose that tick eggs
can retain their vitality i've and one
half months and the seed ticks live
hve and one.half months without food
before dying. we see that eleven (1D
months would be the maximum time
that q pasture could remain infested
after removing all cattle. In this esti-
mate. however, we make no allowance
for their chances Of being killed by
cold, sunlight and heavy rains.
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22
Hoas Eolloy.lna steer..

Hogs Following Steers.
When hogs follow steers that arc bo
ing largely corn-fed, It II IN element
Of profit to know how many hogs to
keep with . certain number Of steers.
Though this is q matter that has been
experimented with at number Of sts-
tons 1t still remains unsettled in large
measure. In the feeding tests being
conducted BY the University Of Illi.
nois. the writer noticed that four hogs
were at first allowed to follow sixteen
steers. Later the number WAS in
creased to eight, and Professor Mum
ford said that the eight were getting
along as well as did the four. In .
pasture It would be equally - bad
II too few hogs were following the
cattle. II too many were following
them It would not be 30 large . mat
ter. as they would naturally find pas
turage to complete their needed r.
tions. Just how many hogs should
follow cattle should be matter looked
into thoroughly by every man that is
fattening steers on corn and following
them with hogs.
In the case Of the steers being fed
at Urbana, Illinois, the feed was not
whole corn, but . mixture Of cracked
corn, corn-and-cob meal. cut clover
hay. cut alfalfa, all mixed together. 1t
Is altogether probable that this feed
was better digested than is most Of
the feed when It consists largely OF
corn shelled or on the ear. 1t is evil
dent that II eight hogs can probably
follow sixteen steers 80 fed. much
larger number could follow steers fed
in the ordinary wasteful way. At
Odebolt, Iowa. the Iowa Experiment
Station has 500 steers in feed lots
with 500 hogs. We understand that
the hogs receive no food except that
obtained from the droppings of the
steers. The end Of this experiment
will be watched with interest.
The Columbus journal., 1903-07-22

spine very badly and went into con-
vulsions. and has since been growing
gradually worse until death relieved
his intense suffering.
The volume of business in Fremont
is keeping up well through the warm
weather, as is attested by the bank
clearings. These amounted last week
to $146. 6.4S2.16, being an increase Of
$:4.S244S over the corresponding week
for last year.
The oilice of the state superintend-
ent of schools has prepared formal ad-
vertisements for publication in the
public prints soliciting bids for the
location of the new normal school
which was authorized by the last leg
islature The advertisements will
state that the state board of educa-
ton. which will examine the bids and
locate the school. will be guided both
by the amount of the bonus offered
by the different cities competing for
the prize and also by the geographical
advantages.
The state auditor is receiving let.
ters from many clerks asking when
the books and blanks required under
the terms Of the new revenue law
will be issued. He is informing the
clerks that the old board of equaliza-
ton will not have any power to issue
The new board, which will consist of
five members, will have to issue the
new books. This body will meet Oc:o-
Der Is, to make the plans for success
fully carrying the new law into opera
ton.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-11-07
NOW RECOGNIZED
Uncle Sam, Modern Frankenstein, Greets
His New Creature, the Republic
of Panama.

flcation of the Hay-Herran treaty before
taking this apparently radical step. Their
reason for this action is the alleged re.
fusal of the Bogota government to direct
its policy with some regard to the 18th
mian peoples good
Striking proof of the stability of the
government Is seen in the personnel OF
the executive board, which now con.
stitutes the provisional government They
are all three men of the strongest char.
acter, leaders IN the isthmian commercial
world, and men who command the un-
divided respect fthe natives as well as
the foreign residents of the isthmus''
What Of the sentiment of the people
on the isthmus toward the United
States?" Mr.. Gudger was asked. He re
Piled:
1T is extremely cordial and friendly
They want independence, annexation, oi
anything that viii insure the constructor
of the Panama Canal and the consequent
prosperity of the isthmus. They have the
greatest confidence in the people and the
government Of the United States Amerl
can capital is alredy there to a large ex-
tent and the people are desirous of culti-
waiting closer trade relations with tht
United States.
my leave of absence does not expire
for week, but when saw the Associated
Press cablegrams from the isthmus indi
eating the seriousness of the situation,
at once telegraphed the Secretary OF
State, saying I should leave my home in
Asheville at once for my post and would
stop in Washington today for a confer.
ence. l am carrying the best wishes oi
the officials of the administration to the
viee-consul general, Mr.. Ehrman, who has
conducted affairs in my absence to the
entire satisfaction of the Washington
governraenA.'
Mr.. Gudger's relations with the Bogota
authorities always have been exceedingly
cordial and he would say nothing that
would reflect on the Colombian govern
ment His attitude as American consul
must be neutral as regards Colombia's in
ternal affairs.
Mr.. Gudger went to the Colombian Le
cation today and had a conference with
DR.. Herran, the Colombian charge, who
is his personal friend
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-11-07
Loads a @arona Daily FapDrs Both Nos an CIRCULATION

States. In discussing the situation today
ne said:
This is the fourth time the United
States has landed troops On the isthmu-
under the cloak of the treaty. Hereto
fore 1t has been for the suppression OF
rioting and for the protection of Colon.
bla. Now that it is against the Wish
OF Colombia it undoubtedly will PROVOKE
a just protest.
Colombia means to war. OF that J
am certain. This government will find
that it viii have series of complications
on It's hands not unlike that offered b.
the Indians when they were met witt
the territorial aggression OF this govern
ment and the trouble the Cplombians viii
make will be similar to that of the Fill
pinos with the conduct OF warfare fa.
more difficult
Il believe, however, the a administration
will not have this matter to decide It
is question for Congress and that BODY
is not likely to shirk the responsibility. .
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-11-07
Hester's Cotton Statement.
(By the Associated Press.)

| New Orleans, Nov. 6.-Secretary Hes
| ter's statement of the worlds visible sup
| ply of cotton issued today sows the total
| visible to be 2,587,122 against 2,333,7i2
| last week and 2,S35,477 last year. OF this
the total American cotton is 2,097, ,l22
against 1,S5S,742 last week and 2,383,47
last year, and OF all other kinds, includ-
| ing Egypt, Brazil, India, ETC., 100000
against AIS 900 last week and $4,000 last
! year.
Of the worlds visible supply of cotton
there is af!oat and held in Great Britain
and continental Europe 100000, against
] 1913, 900 last year; in Egypt 107, 900
against 112,o0O last year; in India 100000
against 15S,OO0 last year and in the United
Sites ,O00, 900, against 1852, 900 last year
Secretary Hesters weekly cotton state
mcnt issued today shows for the six days
of November. an increase over last year
of $4,000. and decrease under the same
period year before last of 5000.
For the sixty-seven days of the season
that have elapsed the aggregate is behind
the same days of last year Al 900 and be-
hind the same days year before last 181,
900.
The amount brought into sight during
the past week has been 543, 800 against
476,35S for the same seven days last year,
and 551 ,635 year before last.
The movement since September / shows
receipts at all United States ports TO De
1915. POI, against 2,545,876 last year; over
land across the Mississippi, Ohio and Po-
tomac rivers to Northern mills and Can
ada, 65,S63, against 209188 last year; in
terror stocks in excess of those held At
the close Of the commercial year 305, ,83i,
against 431, sol last year; Southern mill
takings 100000, against 435,500 last year.
The total movement since September
1st, is 3,150,98s, against 3,622,065 last year
and 1882, 465 year before last.
Foreign exports for the week have been
330,772, against 343,677 last year. making
the total thus far for the season 1 500 915.
against 1,745,624 last year The total
takings of American mills, north and
South and Canada thus far for the season
have been 1880, against sS4, 629 last
year.
Stocks at the seaboard and the twenty
nine leading Southern interior centers
have increased during the week 103, $50
bales, against an increase during the cor
responding period last season of 109,977.
Including stocks left over at ports AMI
interior towns from the last crop and the
number of bales brought into sight thus
far for the new crop, the supply to date
is S,31S,7S7, against 1887, ,139 for the same
period last year