The Teton peak. [volume] (St. Anthony, Idaho) 1899-1904, 1903-12-10


the United States. We have repeatedly
exercised this control by intervening in
the course of domestic dissension, and
by protecting the territory from foreign
invasion. In 1913 Mr.. Everett assured
the Peruvian minister that we should
not hesitate to maintain the neutrality
of the isthmus in the case of war be-
tween Peru and Colombia. In 1864 Co
lombia, which has always been vigilant
to avail itself of its privileges conferred
by the treaty, expressed its expectation
that in the event of war between Peru
and Spain the United States would carry
into effect the guaranty of neutrality
There have been few administrations OF
the State Department in which this
treaty has not, either by the one side
or the other. been used a basis OF
more or less important demands. 1t was
said by Mr.. Fish in 1871 that the Depart
ment of State had reason to believe that
| an attack upon Colombian sovereignty
| on the isthmus had, several occa-
| sions, been averted by warning from this
| Government. In 1856, when Colombia was
| under the menace of hostilities from
| Italy In the Cerrut case Mr.. Bayard exc
| pressed the serious concern that the
| United States could not but feel, that .
| European power should resort to force
| against a sister republic of this hemts-
| phere. as to the sovereign and uninter.
| rupted use of a part of whose territory
we are guarantors under the solemn faith
| of treaty.
The above recital of facts establishes
beyond question: First. that the United
States has for over half century pa
tiently and in good faith carried out its
obligations under the treaty of 1876; Sec
ond. that when for the first time it be-
came possible for Colombia to do any.
thing in requital of the services thus re-
peatedly rendered to it for ffty-seven
years by the United States, the Colombian
Government peremptorily and extensively
though
to do would have been to its advan-
tage and UNNECESSARILY to the advantage
of the State of Panama at that time
under its Jurisdictions; third, that
throughout this period revolutions, riots,
and factional disturbances of every kind
have occurred one after the other In al
most uninterrupted succession, some Of
them lasting for months and even for
years, while the central government was
unable to put them down or to make
, peace with the rebels; fourth. that these
disturbances instead of showing any sign
of abating have tended to grow more nu-
merous and more serious in the imme-
date past; fifth that the control of Co
lomba over the Isthmus of Panama could
not be maintained without the armed in
PREVENTION and assistance of the United
States. In other words, the Government
f of Colombia, though wholly unable to
maintain order on the isthmus, has new
ertheless declined to ratify a treaty the
conclusion of which opened the only
chance to secure its own stability and to
guarantee permanent peace on, and the
A | construction of a canal across. the 18TH
mus.
Under such circumstances the Govern
9 ment of the United States would have
been guilty of folly and weakness.
. amounting in their sum to crime
against the nation, had it acted otherwise
a than it did when the revolution Of Nov 3
last took place in Panama. This great
f. enterprise of building the interoceanic
canal can not be held up to crafty tho
whims or out of respect to the govern
p, mental impotence, or to the even more
sinister and evil political peculiarities, OF
people who, though they dwell afar Off.
!, yet, against the wish of the actual dwell
lers on the isthmus. assert an unreal
=, supremacy over the territory. The pos
session of territory fraught with such
- peculiar capacities the isthmus In
question carries with it obligations tc
49, mankind. The course of events has
- shown that this canal can not be built
"a by private enterprise or by any other ma
- ton than our own; therefore it must b'
built by the United States.
Treaty With Republic of Panama.
Every effort has been made by the Gov.
eminent of the United States to persuad,
Colombia to follow course which was
essentially not only to interests anC
to the interests of the world, but to the
1t. interests of Colombia itself. These eff
r forts have failed; and Colombia, by hel
persistence in repusing the advances thai
have been made, has forced us, for thu
IA sake of our own honor, and of the inter
est and wel-being, not merely of our OWL
of people. but of the people of the lsthmu'
of Panama and the people of the civilized
countries of the world. to take decisive
ed steps to bring to an end a condition O
affairs which had become intolerabie
The new Republic of Panama immediate
~ offered to negotiate a treaty with us
n This treaty herewith submit. BY it oul
interests are better safeguarded than IL
u.s. the treaty with Colombia which was rati
en- fed by the Senate at it's last session. 1t 1.
better in it's terms than the treaties Of
IT. fered to us by the Republics of Ntcara
qua and Costa Rica At last the RICH
to begin this great undertaking Is mad'
he available. Panama has done her part
IS. All that remains is for the American Con
&C. gress to do its part and forthwith THU
et | Republic will enter upon the execution
i'll Of a project colossal in its size and o
r. well mig. incalculable possibilities for tn
n good of this country and the nations o
he mankind.
as Provisions of Treaty.
lie BY the provisions of the treaty tn
ly United States guarantees and VIII main
ed tain the independence of the Republic O
so Panama. There Is granted to the Unite
ad States in perpetuity the use. occupation
ed and control of a strip ten miles wide an
st, extending three nautical miles into tn
lid sea at either terminal, with all lands ly
in ing outside of the zone necessary for tn
in construction of the canal or for its aux
ed iary works, and with the islands in tn
in Bay of Panama. The cities of Panam
sct and Colon are not embraced in the cana
he zone, but the United States assume
,pt their sanitation and in case of need tn
100, maintenance of order therein; the Unite
he States enjoys within the granted limit
nd all the rights, power, and authority whic
in it would possess were it the sovereign
he the territory to the exclusion of the ex
ch ercise of sovereign rights by the Republic
ms All railway and canal property rights be
longing to Panama and needed for tn
dy canal pass to the United States, includ
20 ing any property of the respective con-
of panies in the cities of Panama and &C
re- lon; the worns, property. and personn
he of the canal and railways are exempte
-ge from taxation well in the cities
are Panama and Colon in the canal zor
IN and it's dependencies. Free immigratio
Ter of the personnel and Importation OF sur
he plies for the construction and operatio
ed; Of the canal are granted Provision
ted | made for the of military force an