davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-02-22
WRITTEN FOR THE SUNDAY REPUBLIC.

/ WRITTEN FOR II SUNDAY REPUBLIC.
If the gentle reader has a sense of humor'
coupled with a love of old folks. let him
read The Life of George Washington
With Curious Anecdotes. Equally Honor
able to Himself and Exemplary to His
Young Countrymen." By NJ. L. Weems.
formerly rector Of Mount Vernon Parish.
1905.
He will find this quaint. unauthentic his
tory a constant source of amusement from
cover to cover.
The author begins with the boyhood of
the Father of His Country. and the hatchet
story is told, probably for the first time in
print, as, he gays, the anecdote was related
to him twenty years before by IAN aged
lady. who was a distant relative, and when
a girl spent much of her time in the wash
ington) family" 1T is" he addds. too
valuable to be lost, and too true to be
doubted"
The story. will its original punctuation.
is as follows.
When George was about 6 years old. he
was made the wealthy master of a Ratchet!
OF which. like most little boys. he was
fmmoderately fond; and was constantly
going about %chopping everything that came
in his way.
Zone day. in the garden. where he often
amused himself hacking his mothers pea
sticks. he unluckily tried the edge of his
Ratchet on the body of a beautiful young
English cherry, tree. which he barked so
terribly. that / don't believe the tree ever
got the better Of II.
THE next morning the old gentleman.
finding out what had befallen his tree,
which,, by the by. was'a great favorite,
came into the house; and with much
warmth, asked for tho mischievous author,
declaring at the same time. that he would
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-02-22

bling to dust Of many bright, IL unstable
castles in the air.
The advice of true friends-not fatterers-
and of competent and honest fellow artists
is to be sought first before any responsible.
step in the way of a first appearance is
taken by young aSpirants.
This would save much subsequent trouble
and. If a good and experienced counsel were
faithfully followed, 1t would certainly aid
youth at what is always a critical ~juncture
the start of ones career.
The assessment of public vocalists' fees is,
1t must be confessed. in a rather unsatis-
factory condition. Great stars ask and
generally get. sums which. often for a
single performance, run into three or. 1t
may be. four figures.
Young artists. at the commencement of
their career. have often to be content with
the expenses fee which barely covers cab
fare and small extras. thus. in reality.
paying for an appearance" because con-
cert dress. and preparatory and rehearsal
work. mean time. thought and money.
Ten dollars for an afternoon and SIS for
an evening performance. may sound to the
uninitiated an excessive charge for the
rendering of a couple of songs; but then it
must be that toilet expenses
alone often more than absorb the money
thus earned-in the light Of which SOS. or
even $50 is not an immense fee for a woman
vocalist who makes a point of dressing
"Ch, ahu ShuS appearing 10 Inc DeSt az
vantage.
Oratorio. and especially operate work,
is. or should be. remunerated upon a still
higher scale. the necessity for which will
be evident when it is remembered that all
large works require special study and spe-
cial practice. and solo as well as concerted
rehearsal.
The salaries Of principal singers in opera
are often very handsome: against which It
should be remembered that engagements
are only for a season or for q tour, and
hence represent. at best. a %fiuctuating
course CT income.
VOCAL ENGAGEMENTS BEST
OBTAINED THROUGH MANAGERS.
operate and other vocal ENGAGEMENTS are
best obtained through agents or managers
or musical undertakings. Of this we snail
nave more to say in a succeeding article
on the Operate Artist; at present we need
only remind readers. that the stage re-
quires special training. but a really good
voice. attractive appearance and engaging
manner are good passports to the securing
Of positions in comic or light opera, which
class OF work, as . rule. pays the fairly
talented artist best.
Young singers who prize concert werk.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-02-22
Emusic AND MUSICAL TRAININGS
Voice and Traits Of Disposition Required in Order to Be
Able to Sing Well in Public.

I however, the adult voice is quite of ordi.
nary quality: or else it degenerates, and
becomes either too small or of too inferior
a kind to be of any use in solo work. The
early vocal culture. is not, for that reason,
lost.
Many of our foremost professors Of sing
l ing. as also most great composers, have
I had a beautiful voice in youth. Can We
doubt that the early training in the sing
ing of sacred music has been labor lost?
Rather let us look upon 1t as hat first
impetus which awakened the musical pro-
pensities of the child mind. and, II we are
parents or guardians Of boyhood. let US not
omit to place the salutary drill of the
church choir within the reach Of any Of our
little lads who display an ear or voice.
In the future. posterity may thank us FOR
having done so. even IL the child voice van
ishes with adolescence.
Regarding girls voices, the experience of
most great prime donne is that as soon as
they began to speak they could sing.
1t is curious and instructive also to note
that most Of the great operate stars
grew up in an atmosphere OF stage music
and early learned to associate histrionic
talent with vocal enunciation.
Exceptions. of course, exist, and mora
than one great singer of the day owes her
eminence to home musical culture or the
accidental discovery of her voice by an ex-
perienced manager or teacher.
If the highest emolurnents In many occu-
patfons are closed to women, this remark
cannot be made with regard to the woman
vocalist.
Hence. in this article We will consider her
specially. The prima donna, while her star
is in the ascendant, and even in its decline.
high fees and a wide celebrity
in virtue of her gifts.
ADMIRING FRIENDS
RESPONSIBLE FOR PITFALLS.
For this reason the ambition Of many
musical girls IL to become great public
singers; and hence results many heart
burnings. disappointments and shattered
hopes. For to be able to sing well is one
thing. to think that one cam sing well, or
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-02-22

be entirely separated in name and fact from
all penal institutions?
Fresh air. sunlight and abundant good.
wholesome food are foes to tuberculosis.
Every person who attempts to influence
legislation which would result in the reduc-
ton Of light and air in those dwellings
where the poor are housed is an enemy to
modern civilization. and should be treated
as such by the public and the press.
I The Department of Health. even with
very limited means at hand, was able TO
reduce deaths from tuberculosis 10 per cent
last year. and is planning to increase its
efficiency in this direction by the distribu-
tion Of literature (having in preparation sew
enty-five thousand circulars In various Ian
guages. including Chinese.
We are also planning a tuberculosis dis
pensary in connection with our main office.
Our meteorological laboratories are equipped
| to examine rapidly and free of charge for
physicians samples Of sputum. for diagnosis
and for the watching OF the progress of the
| disease.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-02-22

WRITTEN FoR THE SUNDAY REPUBLIC.
In spite of alarming reports Of the raw
ages of tuberculosis there is hope for the
afflicted.
Science 10 demonstrating that the dread
disease can be cured.
Blu money must be provided for tho
work-sanatoria. medical treatment, proper
food and fresh air.
It Is safe to say that the worlds greatest
menace from disease is tuberculosis-con-
sumption. pneumonia. grip and all diseases
arising from pulmonary bacterial complica-
tons In throat, blood and lungs.
According to physicians and scientific
authorities in the world. tuberculosis Is the
the most prevalent OF all the fatal diseases.
Statistics prepared by the New York
Board OF Health show that that city has
5000 persons afflicted with consumption.
At least two-thirds of the number are
too poor to pay even a moderate amount
for board and medical attendance.
Tho problem Of caring for 1900 tubercu-
losis patients in hospitals and sanatoria
seems appalling.
According to the figures Of Doctor Tru-
deau. at the head of the institution In the
Adirondacks for the cure of consumption,
1t costs two dollars a day for each patient.
New York Board Of Health experts be-
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-02-22

itan Hospital. under the supervision Of Wll.
liam 3. O'Rourke. who has had many
years experience in hospital management.
The infirmary itself Is under the control OF
Christopher Easton, a graduate Of Prince
ton University. in the class OF 1900. who
made studies In sociology under Professor
Walter Wyckof to fit him for the task
which he has undertaken.
Patients admitted to this institution"
SAYS Mr.. Easton. have usually reached
I such a state that many persons would re-
gard their cases as hopeless. Most Of them
ale workingmen. originally of ODER and in
! dustrious habits. who. on account Of the
disease. were gradually forced from steady
employment and compelled to earn scanty
livings by doing odd jobs. As a result they
| had insufficient food at the very time their
! systems required that they should be well
nourished in order to resist the rayages o.
| consumption.
w find upon questioning the patients
that most Of them came here as q last re-
| sort. Many CT them had been working a:
| helpers in saloons. living on the fragments
of free lunch. sleeping in cellars or under
counters. and thereby subjecting themSelves
to the most unfavorable. conditions imasina-
BILE. Others had expended their savings up
on various cures. and. forced by starvation
and weakness. they at last came to the
tuberculosis infrmary.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-02-22
referably in its suburban sections

preferably IN its suburban sections
% The extension Of the work of the De-
pattment of Health method of visiting cases
by its physicians and nurses.
o. The liberal distribution of literature on
the subject. including the aid OF the press.
90 Prevention of promiscuous splitting.
"a Keeping of streets and sidewalks free
from dust and dirt.
Through the energy of Homer Folks,
New York Commissioner of Public Charities.
the treatment of consumptive patients in
Eastern sanatoria has passed the expert
mental stage. The first years work of the
sanatorium on Blackwell's Island closed a
few weeks ago. with n record of many con-
sumptives discharged either as cured or
greatly improved.
No institution began its existence under
more disccrraging circumstances than did
the tuberculosis infirmary on Blackwelfs
Island. Practically all it had was a plot of
| ground and two dilapidated, structures.
| which had been left vacant by the moving
Of the insane to Wards Island. The cost OF
| making the places habitable was estimated
| at $50. 600. The Commissioner could not OBJ
| tain that amount. but with pauper labor he
| succeeded at a comparatively trifiing cost in
| fitting up quarters for $40 patients. or
| these, 30 are men, and the others women
| The institution Is a part of the Metropol-
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-02-22

mains that mortal eyes judge oftener '.by
appearance" than by righteous Judgment
If. then. young folk thirst for the glamou,
OF a public Life. they must also cater to the
requirements of the natural eye. which like.
10 look upon a pretty picture. Dress. to be
attractive, need not, of course. be expensive
Elegance and taste are quite as possible
with simple materials as with more costly
and Shower fabrics.
Dress. my dear. with us women artists
Is half the battle" once said a gifted and
charming vocalist to the writer. Let us
qualify the statement a little and say that
while fine feathers make fine birds" the
nomely little lark has as many II not more
admirers than the bird of paradise or the
swan. Tact. judgment and discretion in
dress. as in all things. is worth much pin
money to the possessor.
Given the gift of vocalism and its accom-
panying addenda TO successful exposition.
the initial trouble of the young concert
singer Is how to get known. A beginning
must be made somehow. The question Is in
what way is one to set about this.
Many begin in the church choir as anna
tours. whence occasions for singing at char
ity or church concerts often arise for a real
~ good vocalist.
The singing at lat homes is also a fruit
full channel for procuring other or repeated
engagements; but the youthful artist Is
warned that fees from such work f~iuctuate
greatly, and often a large amount of thank
you" vocalism must be given. both IN public
and private, before a singer can gain a SUIT
ficient reputation to demand and obtain q
fair pecuniary return for services given.
Concert organization. on ones own behalf,
Is. invariably attended with considerable ex-
pense. Still, occasionally, 1t must be faced,
If even as a means to obtain some first-class
press notices. If a committee of influential
friends and patrons can be formed previous
ly, who will practically help by buying tick
cts in advance, and IL gratuitous help can be
obtained from one or two competent friends
who will take preparatory business details
of the concert giver's shoulders-then a
benefit" concert should be given by all
means. IL the singer is really capable and in
health nerve and voice to court public
opinion and criticism.
ADVICE OF FRIENDS
SHOULD BE SOUGHT.
Agents, IL honest. may be employed to or
game such matters In the case of debu-
tantes '.for a consideration; the pity is
where concert management falls into I'M
scrupulous hands or where the beneficiero
has more ambition than talent|in which
cases there often results but the diminution
OF . not too weli-lined purse. and the crum-
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-02-22

In this series OF articles about music Annie W.
Patterson. an E~nglishwoman. approaches her sub.
5ect from a British viewpoint. Her suggestions
and opinions are, however. in most particulars,
applicable to conditions in the United States. She
takes up the singers career in this article.
WRITTEN TOR THE SUNDAY REPUBLIC.
There Is no more beneficent natural Gift
than that of a beautiful voice.
With this possession a man or woman has
Infinite possibilities opened UP to him or
her of pecuniary as well as artistic and
social attainment.
The presence of a superb vocal organ in
some and its absence in other individuals
can no more be explained than We can ac-
count for the superior, mediocre and in
ferior development Of the musical ear in
different subjects.
Certain plausible theories exist with re-
gard to specific formation and unusual de-
velopment OF mouth cavity, larynx and
lung. Physical construction has certainly
something to do with the phenomena of
tho great voice." just as much as a WELL
built piano possesses better tone qualities
than one Of Indifferent structure and COM
position.
Yet, when It comes to definite analysis of
reasons why. We are faced with SO many
apparent incongruities and contradictions
that scientists must. SO far, confess them
selves in ignorance of the precise proper
Ions anu seheiai eShhlhetry OF throat anu
chest which go to make evident the gift
OF the famous vocalist.
All We can say is that the voice. par ex-
cellence, speaks for itself, and is usually
not long in making itself heard and duly
appreciated.
REGARDING BOYS
AND GIRLS VOICES.
In the case Of boys, the cathedral train
Ing OF many musical male children no doubt
suggests q future career. But here again
va are confronted with a matter difficult
to be understood.
In some instances the beautiful soprano
Of boyhood develops into a fine tenor or a
robust bass or barytone: more frequently,
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-02-22

70 be battered into that opinion bya friends
are pitfalls into which even the most warv
and conscientious are often beeuiIed.
Hence much loss OF time that might be
more aoVantageously spent, loss Of money.
and often loss Of health. spirits and nerve,
Girls, and the instructors of eirlhood
should be particularly careful ere they build
false hopes of future eminence upon in.
dlnerent vocal ability or talent for a public
life which can be. at best. but of a mediocre
kind.
The main point to be considered is: What
reaiiy constitutes a good voice? We nigh
answer the question generally by saving
that no one qualification. but rather many,
go to- make up this valuable possession.
FIRST, the voice Itself must per Sc be ex-
cellent Of its kind; not necessarily loud and
big, but certainly sweet, true, flexible,
broad. sympathetic. and with carrying
power'-an of which traits differ In kim
and intensity according as the voice itself
Is soprano C"dramatic," or leggiero), mezzo
soprano or contralto.
Only a vocal specialist can define exactly
the attractive qualities Of any Individual
voice; the listener can. at most, Judge from
the emotional standard-usually a variable
one-whether a voice gives pleasure or not.
Again, the accomplished vocalist requires
certain traits of disposition before even a
great gift can be turned to account. A
pleasing manner and presence. though it
cannot make a singer. gees far to insure
success for a gifted vocalist. Failing nat
ural endowments in these matters, a sensi-
Bile and quiet demeanor can be cultivated.
which often in its way obtains the most
lasting respect and esteem. q:
A singer void of feeling and expression
in delivery resembles the coldness of mar
BILE compared with the warmth and motive
power OF the flesh. .a-t
TIL ability to enter into and touchingly
interpret the music sung. nerve, brilliancy
and enthusiasm-in a word, so%ul-these and
this are immense factors in the success of
a public vocalist; and without them often
a~spirants. even when remarkably equipped
as to the vocal organ. fall short Of the
popularity Of those who. with less voice it
may be. still know how to turn what vocal
tone they may have to the best account,
and SO as most powerfully to move the
listeners
SMART GOWNS HAVE COME 1
TO BE A NECESSITY.
On the stage and concert platform dress
is also-especially in the case Of the woman
singer necessary adjunct to- a good ap-
pearance. 1t II somewhat degrading to our
higher principles to think 10: but the fact re-
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-02-22

Special physicians are visiting the sick
who cannot have private medical attention.
and a small corps Of raine nurses is be-
ing established to augment this service.
The antispitting ordinance is being en-
forced more strictly. and the recent ordi-
nance against splitting on sidewalks will be
likewise enforced.
In the meantime something should be
done to stop the carrying into the homes of
the filth collected from cars, elevated sta
tons, platforms, stairs and sidewalks by
the trailing dresses of women.
1t has often been demonstrated that the
dry sputum Of those SICK with tuberculosis
contains the germs of that disease. and re-
quires only a suitable soil for their propaga-
ton.
In conclusion, 1T may be said briefly tina
to check tuberculosis requires:
d Sufficient air and light in tenements.
C9 Out-of-town sanatoria in salubrious
localities.
90 More hospital facilities in the city,
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-02-22

BY ERNEST J. LEDERLE. NJ. D.,
PRESIDENT OF NEW YORK BOARD
OF HEALTH.
The whole civilized world is aroused over
the question Of what can be done to check
the disease that has come to be known as
the white plague. tuberculosis. Everywhere
the medical profession and the sanitary
authorities are becoming aroused to their
responsibility to those who are Its victims.
Our own community IS pushing to the
fore in this matter. as evidenced by its
recent American Congress Of Tuberculosis.
the action of. its prominent medical asso-
Citations and the formation of the Commit
tee on tuberculosis OF the Charity Organ
iZation Society.
This committee has made an urgent ap-
peal to our Health Board to take the ini-
tiative in the matter of the establishment
of out of town sanatoria for tuberculosis
patients. which the laws Of 1900 empower
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-02-22

are recommended to cultivate the ac-
quaintance and patronage OF foremost con-
duc,ors and impressari. as often openings
are obtained for promising talent through
these avenues-the indisposition of a we'll
known artist often giving "a chance to
an understudy or to an ambitious. II IN
known vocalist.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-02-22

The church choir. although less accessible
to women singers. is yet. especially in the
provinces. not quite closed to them: and
at this kind of work. as also by becomin.
leaders of good choral societies. a regular.
IL small salary may be made by vocalism.
which demands less brilliant display than
the concert platform or stage.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1903-02-22
NISUrPTNES N TIE

lieve that this expense can be. reduced to
one dollar a day. Even this reduction
however. would mean a total cost Of SIS, 900
a day, or s., 900 a year. for caring for
poor patients afflicted with tuberculosis
simply to protect the city from the men
ance Of consumption.
New-York tribune., 1903-02-01

Grinnell. The committee raised 2.159 men,
which. added to the three colored regiments
made the total Of troops put in the field by the
club in the year 1864 about six thousand
There may have been few members in the
club who believed that, with the close Of the
Rebellion, the club would cease to exist, but the
great majority of the members had such idea.
They were anxious 10 make the club perma
nent institution TO give II national importance
and make 1t the headquarters of the party which
stood FOR the Union when the club was or
ganized. In 1868 the club had outgrown its
first quarters. and the jerome Building, at
Twenty -sixth-st. and Madison ave. taken
for club purposes. There the club remained
about twelve years, adding wealth to it's treas
ury, numbers to itS roll and good service in the
cause OF the Republican party to its record.
Then the Union League went into the beautiful
clubhouse at Fifth-ave and Thirty ninth st,
which 1t occupies. The committee which
selected the site upon which the clubhouse
built consisted OF Jackson s. Schultz. Salem II.
New-York tribune., 1903-02-01

in one Of the prominent clubs Of the metropolis
which made the first steps in the history of the
Union League comparatively easy. Because OF
serious dispute IN the Union Club the new
organization received a large number of mem
bers. Judah P. Benjamin was a member or
the Union Club. While he a member OF
Jefferson Daviss Cabinet his club dues were
paid by three members of the Union Club. The
men who by their generosity kept member of
the Confederate Government in good standing
in Northern club were Augustus Schell. Will
lam Travers and Samuel Barlow. The loyal
members of the Union Club were indignant and
Alfred Craven, who was Virginian by birth,
but a loyal citizen OF the Union, denounced the
action of the three members in such unmeas-
,ired terms that st produced a rupture in the
club with the result that seventy members sent
in their resignatiOns on the ground that they
would not allow their names to remain on the
roll of membership with that Of rebel or
these seventy Union Club men. nearly all Joined
the Union League. Mr.. Hoppin the treasurer,
in writing about the members said: When a