davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22

maian independence progressed up to the middle of August. The moment for de- cisive action being then in sight, 1t was agreed by the conspirators and their coun- selors that to insure the success of the
 project it was necessary to sound the
 United States government and learn what
 attitude it would assume.
 With that object in view, Dr. Amador
 sailed from Colon in September, going
 first to Jamaica, and thence to Boston.
 From Boston he journeyed to Washington
 without passing through New York. so that neither his presence in the States nor his visit to Washington might De known to the Colombian consul at New York Dr. Amador's visit to Washington
 was for the purpose of conferring with Secretary Hay, but that official was iil New Hampshire on his annual vacation and Dr. Amador left Washington with. i out acquainting the State Department oi | what the isthmians (seven in number al | that time) proposed doing. About the same time J. Gabriel Duque, a. native oi Cuba, but naturalized American, now domiciled in this city, editor of the Star ' and Herald, of Panama, and principal owner of the Loteria de Panama, the
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22
WILSON IS RELEASED
BASEBALL PITCHER MADE BOND
 lVA 1000.
Admitted to Bail by Justice ScrewaS on Waving Examination for
 Murder of William Saf- fold, a Negro.


 Frank Wilson, charged with the mus der of William Saffold. a negro barber, yesterday waived examination on his pre- liminary hearing before Justice H. Screws, and was released from custody under a $1, 900 bond.
 The bond was signed by c. R. WestcotL W. T. Robertson and B. s. Griel of Mont. gomery. immediately after the amount had been agreed upon. Regaining his lib erty Wilson was warmly congratulated by a number of his friends.
 It will be remembered that Friday al noon. Wilson. who is city salesman for the Chattanooga Brewing Company, dur ing his winter stay in Montgomery be- fore the opening of the season of the Southern League of baseball clubs in which he is a pitcher for the New Or leans Club. shot and killed William Saf- fold. The men had an altercatlon arising over the arrest of Bob Garner, negro in the employ of Wilson on warrant sworn out by Saffold, charging embezsie- ment.
 The accused claimed self defense, averr- ing that the negro made an overt act to- ward his pocket and on account of a threat against his life by the negro com municated to him the day before the kiii- ing.
 Wilson awaits examination by the couns ty grand jury, which conyenes the hrss Monday in February.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22

chartered lottery of the isthmus, also vis- ited Washington. MT. Duque saw Sec retary Hay and discussed with him the idea of Panamaian independence, but it can be accepted as an indisputable fact that his visit was wholly unofficial and made upon his own responsibility, as he was not at that time in the secret of what Amador. Arango, Arias and the others proposed.
 ,Varilla in the Game.
 Dr. Amadors visit to Washington hay ing proved fIuitless, and there being no longer any necessity for secrecy. he went to New York and took apartments at the W'Eldorf-Astoria. There he fell in with NJ. Philippe Runau-Varilla, who had re- sided on the isthmus as canal engineer,
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22
NEW REPUBLIC
 CHILD OF GREED
Merrill A. TeaSue Continues His
 Analysis of the Nation of PanamA. '

bends their ability to unload their hold
 ings on the United States government.
 and those who are really in the secret of
 Panamaian independence give to the in- fiuence wielded by this road the actual credit for what has been accomplished.
 Every Liberal ln Panama knew when
 Durand appointed Soto and Teran sen ators from Panama to the special session of the Colombian Congress, convened on July 20 last to consider the Hay-Herran treaty, that the canal project was in Jeopardy. These two men did not repre- sent the sentiment on the isthmus a fact
 proved by their open fight against ratifi- cation of the treaty. as well as by the
 fact that they have not returned to Pan anna since the adjournment of the Con gress. At the time these two men were named as Panamaian Senators Jose Au- gustin Arango was a Senator of the Co., lombian Congress, representing Panama. No sooner did Durand announce his ap- lpointments than Arango announced that
 he would not go to Bogota to he outnum-
 bered in the delegation by anti-Panama-
 ians. Now. 1t happened that Senor Aran-
 go was then, and is now. the "sp"cial | agent of the Panama Railroad; in other
 words. the company's confidential agent
 and lobbyist. In this capacity Senor
 Arango has twice visited Bogota in the interest of the canal project. to keep the | concession and promote ratification with | the United States government The evi- l dence seems conclusive that. when he re- | fused to go to Bogota--a refusal uttered | in May last-he at the same time ad-
 vanced the idea of independence for the
 department in case the treaty should fail
 Arango was not, however, the man to openly, or even secretly. foster the
 scheme. That duty devo!ved upon Dr
 Amador, who is deemed the wealthiest
 man in the department, and, therefore
 who has more to gain from American oc-
 cupation and the completion of the canal
 than has any other individual That
 Arango acted as the agent of the Panama
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22

the ministry of justice, and J. Henriquez, whose official status has not yet been de- fined Morales, Mendoza and Henriquez undertook the work of framing in secret the declaration and to have 1t ready for immediate use.
 Choosing a Flag.
 Another thing was the flag for the new republic The conspirators consulted over this several times. It was desired to evolve an emblem which should signify the unification of the Liberals and Con- servatiyes into a party standing for Pana- maian independence. A number or de- signs were submitted. but 1t was finally decided to adopt the combination Of one red and one blue square. with two white souares. one bearing a red star and the other a blue, red being the color of the Liberals and blue of the Conservatives: The design beins agreed upon a coloreo ulate showing the proportions of the flag and its color scheme was prepared and intrusted to Dr. Amador, who advised his niece, Senorita Maria Emilia Ossa, daughter of the Chlian consul general in this city, that there might soon come time when a new flag would be needed in Panama and that she should have the honor of making 1t.
 Then All Was Ready.
 There remained, then. only the army and navy and the police force to be looked after Isaac Brandon & Brother and Henry Ehrmann had charge of the de- partmental money, and from them 1t was learned that there would be no trou- ble in getting hold of the $145,O0O on de- posit belonging to the department the moment independence should be declared. Trusted agents were then commissioned to fix" the military and naval establish ments and the police force. General Huertas who was in command of the Colombian battalion, the garrison of the Isthmus. was approached, and was dis covered to be willing to join the move ment for certain stipulated considerations, chief among which was a bonus of SSo'- GOO (silver) for himself, Gen. Ruban Va ron, who commended the Colombian gun boat Twenty-frst of November, formerly
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22

Railroad in proposing to Amador the ida. or Panamaian independence is proved hv subsequent developments Amador y,a
 readily disposed to advance the project even though it may not have oripina+ed "lth hlm. and the fact stands tS,at bo
 ,ook tne lorna initiative az long as May Iast. At that time a meeting was hold ,+ pr. Amador's residence frontipr tb, rSN
 thedral in this city. There were nre-ert | pr Amador, Senor Arrange and S.n,r | omas ATtas-three men who may hc sct
 uown, without danger of any contrad'c-
 tloh' as the original inst gators of tho l revolution of the Sd of November. Al
 snat meetlns-and my informant i. ore Who was in the scheme from the begin
 hing. and whose statpncnts ba,,. to,, | IullE corroborated-it wns dcriIaJ h,. AHlauor Arango and Arias thnt if inc IIay herran treaty should fail of rat,G. l Satioh at Bogota q blow should be str,,rl.
 TOT fanamaian Independence.
 @ HIS oeclsion reached, the p,an urn-
 5,.osI.. Iaploly' Needing assistance in,
 "orKnG out their plan, the origin,l tri,
 Of conspirators carefully saIai1ad a'i1' ,'1 'i.o
 othsr gentlemen who might be taLsn i,t',
 thelr confidence. These fojr ,,ora I,
 stanune Arosemena, d civil ene,rs,,.. B, cardo Arias. brother of 'TomYs Ar,S.
 T rrederica Boyd and N. A. deOL.rril, tt1b
 at aast three named being merchants in tbi, 
 ] ne circle Of conspirators incIud,, '>'- seven men as long ago as the 6rs, theSe
 hey met frequently but in sAcrot Su'S Ing their meetings in the n,I,,at 'I'-u- ueHce or one or the other of thnir @ oer' Wlth an occasional gather.np in .l
 oIilce or the electric light companv y,,,tn' no IS prlhclpally owned by Tomas Arias All VI Ine pldhs or these conspirators were
 predlcated upon the rejection of inc ,.,',i., treaty, an hypothesis which had ras,I,.'i ItseiI lnto certainty before the middle ot august. Standing back of the consnIrN atoFs' as advisers and counselors vvaro four Americans: Colonel J. S. sbaIer Superln.Sndent of the Panama RaiIroad. | H' G' Prescott, assistant Superintendent | VI 'ne Haliroad. in charge of the Pana- | ma end; Captain John R. Beers Suncrin. tendent of the Panama Railroad ternni- nais at La Boca. the Pacific terminus of the proposed canal, and Colonel William M. Biack' \. 5. A, the engineer who ren- resents the United States government in the work now in progress at the great Culebra cut.
 Sounding This Government.
 These four Americans were never pres ent at meeting of the conspir1tors which meetings were held as often as two ana three times week; but they were Kept fully advised as to all that was done hy senor Arango, who reported in his ca pacity as special agent of the railroad company. They also advised. communi- eating through Senor Arango Rs to the different steps to he taken, and if was 5 tatcd to me last evening bv one of the seven that not single thing was done hy them or decided anon except if was first given the sanction of the four Americans who were privy to the scheme It was under these conditions that the plan for Pana-
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22
BY MERRILL A. TEAGUE.
kFrom Stan Correspondent of The At


 vertiser.)
 Letter No. 3.
 Panama, R. F., Dec. 10.-As has already been stated in this correspondence, the Republic of Panama owes it's existence to nothing which bears any resemblance to Panamaian patriotism. The new nation is the child of greed, conceived of the pro- ject for a ship canal connecting the At 1antic and Pacific. The story of the re- public's conception and birth reads like a fairy tale. Panama-that is, the better class of Panamaians-has for years dreamed of independence of Colombia and immunity from Colombian oppression; but they lacked the power of initiative, prefer ring to put off until 'manana" the att tempt another people would have made today. The canal project forced the is sue, however and the leaders among the Panamaians met it in a manner which must. in time, win the admiration of the world. for as a political trick they did that which Is without an equal. overturn- ing government and setting up their own independence without firing a shot or spilling a drop of blood. That success was made possible because of the cer- tainty of support by the United States does not lessen the magnitude of the Panamaian achievement.
 Early in the current year Mutis Du- rand was Governor of the Department of Panama. He had been sent to preside over the department from one of the other departments in the Colombian fed eration, and was essentially an anti-Pan- ahaian. It happened. therefore. that when the Hay-Herran treaty, had been ratified at Washington and when the question of ratification was about to come before the Colombian Congress that he who had the power of appointment of the representatives from Panama, saw to it that there should go to Bogota a delega- tion which would not oppose any scheme
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22

adjourned. Adjournment would, they
 argued, sound the death knell over the
 canal treaty and simultaneously give to
 the United States an incentive to sup-
 port the independence of a republic on
 the isthmus. The project was according
 ly held in abeyance, although there was
 no cessation in the matter of working out
 the details. Realizing that if it should
 become necessary to deliver the blow, a
 commission would have to be sent to the
 States, the conspirators, late in October,
 took into their confidence Senor Manuel
 Espanoza, with the idea of substituting
 him for Fredrica Boyd as a member of
 the provisional governing junta which 1t
 was decided should be composed of Aran-
 go. who yielded all the influence of the
 Panama Railroad; Arias, who had been departmental senator, Federal repre- sentative and a general oficeholder, and Boyd, who represented the heavier vested interests on the isthmus. Dr. Amador was reserved to be the candidate for president of the new republic; Constantine Arosemena was selected to be the expert member of the commission to the States to negotiate a canal agreement; De Obar- rio was slated for the ministry of war,
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22

which he now holds. and Ricardo Arias was to be the active fiscal agent of the proposed new government.
 None of these details were neglected, the systematic manner in which the conspira- tors went about their work showing that they possess unusual ability in political scheming and that they were ably ad- vised. Proceeding in the same careful way, with view to leaving no stone un- turned to insure success, the conspirators reached, about October 2. that point at which they realized that they would need declaration of independence. The pot was boiling then In earnest. All Panama was talking of a scheme for independ- ence, rumors of every sort being current, but nothing definite being known. To have prepared a declaration of independ-
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22
WHY MOTHERS
 WORRY

Did you ever hear a mother gorry over a plump childf There is no better bank of health for a child to draw rom than a good supply of healthy flesh.
 Scott's Emulsion not only gives a child weight and plumpness, but it feeds the brain. bones and nerves with strength and active power.
 Fewer mothers would worry if they knew more about Scott's Emulsion. wen send you q sample free upon request ncoTT & BOVINE 400 Pearl sHsn4- NH~ Hn-A
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22

abi. .o ieave my bed 1 was left witn ex- cruciating pains in my back, which con vinced me that I had a severe kidney trouble. My physical condition was such that I had no strength and was all run down. Lynn, advised me to give Dr. Kilmer's Swamp-Root trial.
 I procured bottle. and inside of three days commenced to get relief. followed up that bottle with another, and at the completion of this one found was com pletely cured. My strength returned and today I am as well as ever.
 My business is that of a canvasser. 1 am on my feet a great deal of the time. and have to use much energy in getting around. My cure is therefore all the more remarkable, and Is exceedingly gratifying to me. Sincerely yours,
 MRS. H. N. WHEELER.
 % Prospect St.. Lynn Mass.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22

..-,,o,,, he was acquainted. NariI- ana "l't I,or in the States in the inter e9s i la was >sa,,, Panama Canal Company aiiu @ ol tH0 ar+inents being more o' TYP =, theIl m. Amador unfold@d 10 .ln i-t-'' same; of inc conspirators al Fal''iili',i F'i,,oi tne pi'ti this noint the project pros. '99 4t,o rom nr Amador returned Uo t
 iapiutS p o.rIr in October, and at ine i,,a, of ,be seven conspirators' "ro s@., eyed in the office of the eleetiIG ra9 comnanv in Panama, ne feldto" bad sult of his visit to the 9t" 'eo. na3ci.I raooi,.ed no assurances from any oii. i'' .S sI,rnort but communicated to hls iei, HI...5 K s.e+ that Varilla had aSsureu bir, Tn inc most positive terms that any gtrl,ke in favor of independtnce' hdFlnH ar its urinary object the grant to 'he American Republic of canal cohCeS- sinn u,oIld be supported by the united St,,t,. e,nvernment. So elated was pr AnadoT over Varillas assurances, and so great was his confidence in the FFehch engineers ability to influence the gov ernment at Washington, that he was H. able to see any further difficulties in the way of executing the project: AranSo' Arias. Arosemena and the others were slow to accept pr. Amadors assurance, however. Varilla had not talked with them. and realizing that death for each would be the penalty should they at tempt and fail and that their only hope of success Jay in support to be given them by the United States, they oounseled eau ton and further delay
 Proceeding Carefully.
 Their views prevailed to such an extent that it was decided To defer the launch ing of the movement until after the Colombian Congress should have finally
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22

THE mild and extraordinary effect ot the world famous kidney and bladder remedy. Swamp Root, Is soon realized. It stands the highest for its wonderful! cures of the most distressing cases. A trial will convince .anyone-and you may have a sample bottle sent free by mail.
 In taking Dr. Kilmers Swamp-Roor you afford natural help to Nature. fo' Swamp-Root is the most perfect healer ever been discovered. Don't make an: swamp-Root Dr. Kilmer's swamp-Root every bottle.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22

ence, ready for use the moment the Co- lombian Congress should adjourn tba conspirators took into the confidence three lawyers of Panama, all enthuslastic supporters of the canal proposition. These men were E. A. Mora.es who was advised that if the scheme should go through he would be made minister of government domestic affairsl in the provisional cabi- net: C. A. Mendoza who was slated Tnr
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22
Thousands of Women Have Kidney
 Trouble and Never SuSpectalf

 in a he ten the thehdne weak s swampR the through #
  durrr obaNeha habh m of some zbh M hf cause o trouble ps suffer gdN
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22

EDITo NOTICE tl l oa0u have d matte how h 0 v ma have to df discovery SCI @ by hL
  dha aswampR % yo pu e eeg cen size
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22

about discouraged, but in few days af- ter taking your wonderful Swamp-Root ] began to feel better.
 | was out of health and rundown gem eraliy; had no appetite, was dizzy ana suffered with headache most of the time. did not know that my kidneys were the they might be, and began taking Swamp-Root, as above stated. There IS such a pleasant taste to Swamp Root and 1t goes right to the spot and drives disease out of the system. 1t has cured me, and 1 cheerfully recommend 1t. to all sufferers Gratefully yours,
 MRS. IA. L. WALKER,
 46 West Linden St., Atlanta. Ga.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22

What Kidney Liver Bladder Remedy Will do YOU Reader Montgomery Advertiser
 May Have Sample Sent Free by MaiL
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22

and gentle aid to the kidneys that has
 mistake, but remember the name, and the address, Binghamton, N r.. Jn
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22

YOUR poor health makes you nervous, thousands of just such suffering or brok health and strength every day by the Kilmer's Swamp Root, the great kidney.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22

The hard-wOrkins clerk is uaually. worhans tor . raise
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22
To-day 1 Am In Splendid Health

About IS months ago I had a very se- were attack of grip. was extremely sick for three weeks. and when I finally was
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22

irritable and at times Respondent. Bus en-down women are being restored tO use of that wonderful discovery Dr. liver and bladder remedy. NOT only does Swamp-Root bring new life and activity to the kidneys, the cause of the trouble, but by treating the kid- neys it acts as a general tonic and food
 for the entire constitution.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22
Didn't Know 1 Had Kidney Trouble

had tried so many remedies without their having benefited me that was
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22

fered untold misery. became weaiks emaciated and very much run Gown. had great difficulty in retaining my urine, and was obliged to pass water very oftsn night and day. After I had used sample bottle of pr. Eilmers Swamp Root. sent and immediately bought of my druggist two large bottles and continued taking it regularly. am pleased to say that Swamp-Root cured me entirely. I can now stand on my feet all day without any bad symptoms whatever. Swamp-Root has proved a blessing to me.
 Gratefully yours.
 MRS. E. AUSTIN.
 1s Nassau St.. Brooklyn, N. '.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22
Proces ding CarefullY

Their views prevailed 10 such an extent that it was decided lu defer the launch ing of the movement until after the Colombian Congress should have finally
The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-12-22

wen send you q sample free upon reqOe0t.
 NcoTT & BOVINE 400 Pearl strsa4- NH~ Hn@H
The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1903-12-14

One of the most common and general
" worthless weeds in America east of
the Mississippi river is the ragweed
Its growth and characteristics are
familiar to all farmers, says Ten
nessee farmer in Epitomist. 1t is
abundant in wheat, rye and winter oat
stubble, especially where no grass seed
is sown in the growing grain 1t bios
SONS the latter part of summer When
about two and one-half feet high. Its
blossoms are very much like the alder
bush, being heavily laden with yell
low pollen, which the wind blows about,
and which is thought by some to cause
hay fever. 1t grows quite thick upon
the land and makes a fairly good green
fallow. Sometimes COWS eat the young
plant and the milk is made very bit
ter, hence it is not valuable for dairy
purposes. Horses, mules, sheep and
cattle all eat it at different stages in
the field, and also as hay.
NV attention has recently been call
ed to the value of this wed by some
Tennessee farmers, who claim that 1t
is the equal of any of the cultivated
grasses for feeding stock. In Maury
county 1 talked with several prosper
Gus and intelligent farmers upon the
subject. One stated that he had young
to produce clover, but instead a splen-
did stand of ragweed. He moved the
entire field, but raked the weeds and
the clover separate, so as to feed the
one and use the other as bedding. He
observed in feeding that his horses and
mules would invariably eat the bed
ding first. Several other farmers had
similar experiences. while others had
partly fattened their beef cattle upon
raEweed hay.
The best time to cut ragweed is when
it begins to blossom. Give about three
hours summing and then rake in rows,
letting it cure in the shock when the
leaves and stalks will become green and
tender. 1t is more easily saved than
clover, but requires some grass or
canvas covering in the stack TO pro-
tect it from rain. 1t will be interest
ing to hear from those who have had
any experience in curing and feeding
ragWeed.