davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1903-12-15
Holiday Umbrellas
"A Useful and Most Acceptable Xmas
Gift

Gift
Our assortment is replete with novelties in
handles, including many effects that are
unique and exclusive. Prominent among
them are gun metal aud French silver.
There are also handsome buckhorn handles
and variety of ivory, pearl, natural wood
with silver trimmings.
Also imported novelties in separate handles,
in handsome and artistic designs, which We
mount to the individual taste, two or three
days being necessary for completion.
Note-All Umbrellas from 500 upward
will be engraved with initials free of charge,
cards and ribbon furnished and packed prop
ery for shipment.
Main hoor-F ST..
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1903-12-15
DRY GOODS.
DRY GOODS.
Woodward ( LOtlr0p,
10th. 18th Il f StsN w.

Our store will close at o'clock each
evening, beginning Monday, the l4th in
slant, with the exception of q few
evenings preceding the 25th, when it
will remain open bit later.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1903-12-15
DIED.

On December IA, 1903, Captain CHARLES
CATLETT MOORE, in his 74th year. In
terment in Hollywood cemetery, Richmond,
Va, on Wednesday, December l6, at 10 a. m.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1903-12-15

The marriage of Miss Emiline Carter,
daughter of DR.. J. NJ. G. Carter, Of
Waukegan. Ills, to Z. Good Sherman,
son of the late General w. T. Sherman,
which took place last summer, has just
been announced.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1903-12-15
GROCERIES.
GROCERIES.
Holiday Trade.

Cleaned Raisins. in pound packages.
Cleaned Currants, in pound packages,
New CitrOn,
Mixed Nuts,
Atmore's Mince-meat
Whisky--Gibson's Sons & Co.'S Pure Old Rye,
Walters Baker Pure Rye,
Monticello, very old, Rye,
Ross & Co.'S Old Thompson Rye,
Very old Scotch,
Very old French Brandy,
Whisky from $3.50 to $500 gallon.
Catawba Wine from 75c to Sl.50 gallon.
Brandy $l.75 to $40 gallon.
Cooking Brandy and Cooking Sherry,
Old Duff Gordon Table Sherry,
Very old MADEIRA Wine
Old Port Wine,
Jamaica and St. Croix Rum.
New England Rum,
Very old Peach Brandy,
Very old Apple Brandy.
Portner Brewery Co.'S Standard
Beers always in stock.
Alss Bass & Cos Ale,
Guinness Stout,
Belfast Ginger Ale,
Virginia Clarets,
g. III. Mumm's Extra
Dry Champagne.
W A. JOHNSON & CO..
Northeast corner Cameron and Royal streets.
Bell Phone 81. =: Home Phone s7A.
dec15 3u
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1903-12-15
Father OutwItted Lovers plans.

Pennington, w. Va, Dec. 15.-With
the supposed form of his sweetheart in
his arms, Eddie @. Rowerly, Balti-
more & Ohio telegraph operator, de-
scended ten foot latter from window
at the home of james Hagerty, with
whose daughter he intended to elope
and marry, at Columbus, Ohio, but
when the terra irma was reached in
stead of lovers kiss he faced loaded
revolver in the hands of an irate father.
Young Rowerly proceeded to the Hagerty
residence early Sunday morning and
placed ladder to the girls window.
He mounted the ladder and taking the
form wrapped in a cloak started down
the ladder. AS they reached the ground
the cloak was thrown of and the father
of the girl, with pistol in hand, stood
before the frightened lover, who took to
his heels and nothing has since been
heard Of the young man. Hagerty had
been apprised of the scheme and sue
ceeded in outwitting the plans of the
lovers
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1903-12-15
DRY GOODS.
DRY GOODS.
~-~~~~~-~-~-----~-~--~~~~~>~~
Lansburgh& Bro,
Washington's Fayorite Store.
Store Open Evenings.
Store Open Evenings.

Name stamped free on pocketboOks costing
81 and up.
Silver articles engraved free.
Initials engraved on Umbrellas. Every
thing boxable boxed free.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1903-12-15
Waists and Dress Patterns.

Dress Patterns of Peau de Sole, u yards in
length; it's the 24-inch black double-face
fabric that sells from. the piece Gil or
at lbs the yard. Nicely boxed. VA is>o
s yards Fancy Scotch Suitng, Sc inches
wide. Former prices. Sl.25 and c. 22
$i.39 yard. Special, the pattern. po W
Waist Patterns Of Silk, in 4-yard lengths;
in figures and stripes; or little neat figures in
dots; pure silk. The entire length, CO OQ
nicely boxed, for........................ Q%'>O
Waist Pattern of Plaid silk, 4-yard lengths;
they sell from the piece at 75c yd.; CO SO
pot up in attractive boxes, for..... V@'o>
Beautiful Mixtures in red, brown, garnet,
navy, marine, &c. These are as good as most
stores ask SOC for. AS holiday special, In
stead Of 800, entire dress, eight @ O2
yarus.....".................... -..............
Beautiful Imported Broadcloth permanent
satin finish all desirable shades and black;
steamed and shrunk gratis. $500 CT O2
value. Special, yard.............. Vf'>C
52.inch French Venetian Cloth; strictly
pure wool; tans, modes, brown, green, reds.
blues and black, $3.50 value. CT 10
Special, yard......".."..... ......... "
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1903-12-15
TELEGRAPHIC NEWS.
The Legislature.

Especial Dispatch to the Alexandria Gazette.]
Richmond, Dec. 1.-THE House today
passed bill appropriating $4,000 for Vir-
ginia exhibit at the st. Louis Exposition bya
vote Of IS to IS.
The Senate engaged in the consideration OF
the Jordan bill to break the Baylor survey,
Mr.. Walker making powerful argument
against its passage and il will likely fail.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1903-12-15
OPEN EVENINGS.
JOHN AHERN & CO.,

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL GROCERS
And Dealers IN
PURE WINES AND LIQUORS.
Country Produce received daily. Our stock
of Plain and Fancy Groceries embraces every
thing to be had in this line.
We hold largely in United States bonded
warehouse and carry in stock various brands
Of the best
PURE RYE AND MALT WHISTLES
made. Have also in store superior grades Of
Foreign and American
WINES, ALES, BROWN STOUT, &c.
Satisfaction Guaranteed as to Price and
Quality.-sA
Corner Prince and Commerce Streets.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28
Mr.. MaSsESGALE hERE,
President Of One of the Leading Advertising
Agencies.

Mr.. ST. Elmo Massengale, president OF
the Masesngale Advertising Agency, OF At
Ianta, is in the city on business. Mr.. Mas
sengale is one of the NIT experienced
advertising agents in the south and con
trolls the accounts of the leading advertis-
ers who are seeking to interest the foreign
field. While here Mr. Massengale is IN
conference with Mr. Henry T. Hicks, the
Massengale Advertising Agency having as
sisted Mr. Hicks in the successful auVer-
Using of the Hicks Capudine. Mr.. Mas
sengale is making a visit to North Caro-
lima and will spend some time in the
State, planning the fall and winter cam
paign for some of his clients. The Mas
sengale Advertising Agency is one Of the
most popular agencies doing business with
newspapers In the South and has achieved
remarkable success and is one OF the
Southern agencies which have so establish
ed themselves as to obtain the very lowest
advertising rates in reputable mediums.
His agency is the only Southern advertis-
ing agency which has been officially re-
cognized by the American Newspaper
Publishers Association.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28
SIX YOUR NEICHBOR
Hundreds of Raleigh Citi-
Zens Can Tell You All
About 1t.

Home endorsement, the public express
sion of Raleigh people, should be evidence
beyond dispute for every Raleigh reader
Surely the experience of friends and
neighbors, cheerfully given by them, will
carry more weight than the utterances OF
strangers residing in far-away places.
Read the following:
Mrs NJ. N. Goodwin, of 224 East Martin
street, says: MY back was in an awful
condition for long time 1t ached al
most constantly and l had a sort of hot
flashing feeling which run down my limbs,
almost as if hot water was poured down
them. Reading about Doan's Kidney
Pills in our local papers l went to the
BobbittWynne Drug Company's store and
got a box. Since using them my back
has not hurt me and | have been better
II every way. They certainly were
prompt and beneficial in my case
For sale by all dealers. Price so cents.
FosteTMilburn Co, Buffalo, n. Y, sole
agents for the United States.
Remember the name, Doan's and take
no substitute.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28
That Curse Called RumOr,

Between the 1ncendlary who fires his
neighbours barn in secret vengeance, and
the Worthy who starts a run on a
Bank with malicious gossip, there is only
a technical difference.
Gossip-without-a-p purpose has too often
been used to stab character and to wreck
fortunes, and it is great pity the law
cannot better reach those who employ
such intangible and insidious methods to
achieve their ends.
Scarcely any enterprise. or individual,
no matter how deserving, is safe from
the subtle dangers of the Gossip monger,
and human nature so loves a morsel of
such news" that At can be relied upon
10 push along" rumor when once it
has been judiciously started.
vivid illustration of the gross injus-
tice such a rumor can do is seen in the
Force" Food Company's advertisement
of this date, wherein a reward of $4,000 is
offered for the conviction of the parties
who initiated the suggestion that Force"
was drugged.
A further offer of $4,000 for evidence
that a single package of the fifty million
sold contained anything except Wheat,
complete refutation of the rumor, even if
the State Supervision of Foods was not
in itself ample protection.
People who love fair play in business,
as well as in other matters, will read
with indignation that it has cost The
Force Food Company over $4,000 to
publish refutation of this "rumor" in
the newspapers of the United States and
Canada, and, probably, as much more in
loss Of sales resulting from the baseless
gossip which did the harm.
The absurdity of the rumor is apparent
when it is known that the public has con-
sumed fifty million packages of Force"
without single instance of any i'll effect
upon any one of the users
The Force" Company are evidently
suffering the usual penalty for success.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28
THREE MEN KILLED
BY the Blowing Out Of a CYL
Under Head of an
Engine.
CBy the Associated Press.)

New York, July 27-Three men are dead
and several injured as the direct result of
the blowing out of cylinder head of an
engine attached to an ammonia pump i'll
the Jacob Rupert Brewing Company's
ice plant on Alexander Avenue. early TO
day. One hundred and fifty men were at
work at one time, and as soon as the en-
CINE stopped working the ammonia flowed
from the pump, the fumes spreading to
all parts of the building. The patriotism.
David J. Goss, was overcome by the fumes
while rescuing unconscious employees from
the building and his injuries may prove
fatal The dead are
OTTO SMITH, engineer.
JOHN VINCINSKI, fireman.
CHARLES CARPENTER, workman.
Upstairs the smell of the fumes carried
warning and the employees rushed to the
roof, the narrow stairway delaying the
few who were overcome.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28
A DIsCREDITED PROPHET.
Was Pierpont Mistaken or Was He.Getting
Ready to Unload.

Here is the famous "undigested securl-
ties interview given by j. 2. Morgan on
March 80 1909, the day before his depar-
ture for Europe:
cit seems to me that the general pessl-
mistic talk inaulged not alone in foreign
but in local circles is in no sense justi-
fled by the facts 1t may be true, as some
of the captious critics declare, that at the
present moment there are in the market
many undigested securities, but ought not
the character of these securities to be
taken into consideration in a broad or
comprehensive view of the situation? Are
these securities sound or are they I'M
sound; do they represent value or do
they not; for what purposes have they
been issued-thcse are the questions
ITO my mind and in my judgment these
new securities are essentially sound and
stable, and those who have them are in
no wise alarmed because of their hold
ings. Beyond all this, they are issued not
to build competing mes but largely for
the purchase of roning stock and motive
power and for the extension of other facil-
tiles necessitated by the necessary move.
ments of the products of the country.
You will find that in due time this
phase of the notwithstanding out OF
these new securities-will disappear.
CAS- for the general situation, you may
state emphatically and unequivocally that
it is most promising, with the country un.
quallfedly prosperous. In the iron and
steel trade for example-the barometer of
the countrys growth, stability and bus,
ines sactivity-there never was so great or
so profitable business. Orders on hand
run far ahead, and the outlook is decided
ly encouraging.
I'm short, summing the situation up.
not only is there prosperity everywhere
but the promises are of continuation OF
that prosperity for long time to come"
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28
SUCCESS

Inheres in the faculty to get other
people working for you. When it
is possible to engage such an effec-
tive worker in your interest as the
lateThos. S. Kennedy, of Kentucky.
secured in IS45, ism t it worth while
to do so at once? He then took a
policy in The Mutual Life Insurance
Company of New York for S., 600.
Dividends to the amount of So, 8o7
had accumulated on this policy,
making the total amount paid by
the CompanyS 81 I, 8o7. The net pre-
miums paid by Mr.. Kennedy
amounted to s., 465 SO, making the
return over cost $8,34I12.
In writing for information about
policy of this kind, state what you
would like to receive in cash at the
end of limited payment period,
amount you would like your bene-
ficiary to receive in event of your
death, and give your age.
THE MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE.
COMPANY OF NEW YORK
RICHARD A. McCURDY. President.
+. P. BROWN, Resident Agent, Raleigh
HARRIS r. WILCOX,
Manager, Charlotte, N. C.
H. E. BIGGS, Special Agent, Raleigh.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28
IN MEKOsY OF Pope LEO.
Father Griffin Speaks Of the Deceased Pontif
at sacred Heart Church.

Special services were held yesterday at
the Sacred. Heart church. commemorative
of Pore Leo. Lahaches Mass was sung
and Mr.. c. Edwards. of Baltimore, sang
from the same mass the "Veni Creator.
n magnificent baritone solo.
Rev. Father Griffin said in the course OF
his remarks. that when Leo assembled the
chair of St. Peter. the Catholic church
was dead TO the eyes of the world. HUI
mutations faced her on every SIDE; the
most powerful governments had conspired
against her Bismarck, the man OF blood
End iron. resolved to destroy the faith IN
GERMANY by deposing the people of their
rastors. the Gar of Russia, by tearing
arart her unity in his Catholic possessions.
And what more speedy method could DC
desired than weaken the power and render
-onter,ptible the successor of st. Peter
tbe bishop Of Rome. But Leo knew that
what .Tesus Christ had said of st. Peter
vas true also of his successor. Thou ART
Potter and uron this rock l will build my
church and the gates of hell shall no,
Prevail against it"
FuU of faith he took hold OF the DARK
of St. Feter and guided her safely and
wisely through twenty five years OF trial
|.rIe believed. as every Catholic does, that
&C. Panacy is a devine institution; that
ougb long lines of kings have had
day the successors of ST. Peter will
70 TO govern the church, and taking
kbrist at His word that 1.-The gates
shall never prevail against her.
he time comes for each one OF
or an account of the stewardship
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28
MR ARENDFLL PROMOTED
Will Represent B F, johnson Publishing Com
pany In Three states,

Mr.. F. B. Arendell, who has been for
two years representing the B. F. Johnson
Publish Company, of Richmond, in North
Carolina, has had the State of Tennessee
added to his territory, with the offer also
of Kentucky if he desires it. with an in
crease of salary commensurate with his
new duties.
Mr.. Arendell left yesterday to meet with
the Tennessee teachers in their annual
State association, which convenes at
Monteagle, a famous mountain resort,
near Chattanooga, today He will spend
this week in Tennessee and return to
Western North Carolina to take up his
work in this State, including the compile
ton of his canvass in the interest of the
States exhibit at st. Louis.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28

spoken of in the Gospel of this Sunday,
may each one of us be able to repeat the
words of our glorious Pontiff: Il am new
nearer my end. do not know of all l
have done has been good but l have GER
tainly obeyed my conscience and have
never compromised my holy faith
During his life he taught his children
the consolation of Christian faith and IN
his death he taught us how to die
Eternal rest grant unto HIM, o Lord,
and let perpetual light shine upon him.
The papal tiars has been draped IN
mourning over the altar and requiem
will be sung later on during the week.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28
THE FESTIVAL CONCERT.
Prog anime in FULL Advance Sale Seats Yes
terday Very Large


The advance sale of reserved seats yes
terday for the festival concert to be given
in the Academy of Music next Tuesday
evening has been very large The pros
pect is that a great audience will be pres
emit. The program is one of the best ever
given in the city and deserves the patron
age of all
The programme is here given in full:
PART l.
Bridal Chorus Crosse Maiden), Cow
en)-Festival Chorus
Song-Thou Art Mine All, (Bradsky)-
Mr.. Tupmann.
Paraphrase-M elodie in f, (Rubenstein)
The Orchestra.
Rect and Scena-Piano, Piano Canto-
pic, der Freischuty Weber)-Mss Ewell.
Part Song-O, Trust Thee My Babe,
(Sullivan) FESTIVAL Chorus.
Aria-Mr. Dunbar.
ira.
Inflammatus, Stabel Mater, (RossinD-
Miss Ewell, Festival Chorus and Orches-
PART II.
Concert Selection from Faust, (Gounod)
The Orchestra.
Miserere Scene-Ql Trovatore Verdi
Miss Ewell, Mr.. Tupman and Festival
Chorus.
Bass Solo-Mr. Dunbar.
Violin Solo-Hungarian Idylle, (Keler
Bela)- Mr.. Brockman.
List the Cherubic Host, Holy City (GauD
Mr.. Dunbar and Ladies Festival Chorus.
Song-In Thy Blue Eyes (Bohn)-Mr.
Tupman. t3'.
Hallaluyah, Chorus (The Messiah) Hau-
del-Festival Chorus and Orchestra.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28
TROOPS AT DANVILLE.
Some are Withdrawn on tho City Being r,
ported Quiet.
(By the Associated Press.)

Springfield, Ills, July 27.-Adjutant
General Scott today had a conversation by
telephone with Lieutenant Colonel M.
Closby commanding the First Battalion,
Seventh Infantry, |. N. G., regarding the
Jail at Danville this forenoon. in which
Colonel Closby said all was quiet in thu t
city; that the mob had dispersed. and
that the work of repairing the Jail was
progressing and would be completed to-
morrow. AS a result of the report the
adjutant general ordered companies A.
and B. to return to Springfield, leaving
Companies H. and l. at Danville.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28
Richmond PanphySiOn

Free X-Ray examinations. Rupture and
Piles cured in two weeks. Chronic Rheu
matism, Govt, Neuralgia, Dyspepsia. Ca
tarrh and Nervous Diseases in from one
to four weeks. Cancer cured by X-Ray-
nc knife, no danger In our treatments.
An Electro Therapeutic Sanitarium for
acute and chronic diseases. We have the
X-Ray, Large Static Machine. the Fensen
Light, the Mimi Ray, the full Panphysion
Outfit, Compressed Air Outfit, Electric
Massage Outfit.
INFORMATION FREE.
Out-of-town patients furnished rooms in
our building, if desired. Lady attendant.
RICHMOND PANPHYSI0N, Dept 8, SIS
East Franklin street, Richmond, Va.
Phone, 1854.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28
Goes With Seaboard,

Mr. Ralph Shaw, who has been for about
two years the night drug clerk for the
Bobbitt-Wynne Drug Company, has re-
signed his position to take effect the first
of August. He does this to accept a
position in the S. A. L. office under the
chief clerk, Superintendent Towsley.
Mr. Shaw, who comes from Harnett,
has made an enviable reputation for him
self here in Raleigh. He Is energetic, able
and reliable His friends wish for him
much success in his new position.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28
Panama is Flung
Into Sudden Panic
Continued from First Page.)

Gov. Muttis spent last night at the Brit
ish consulate, but it is reported that he
will take refuge in the American consul
late.
AS this dispatch is being sent it is
learned that Dr. Arizona and Judge Navia
have been set at liberty, and that the
chief of police, Arrange, remains under ar
rest.
Theer was little excitement on the street
today the Colombian battalion attending
church in body, as usual: but the con
dition of affairs is very serious. Gov
Nuts virtually is a prisoner. Undoubt-
edly Gen. Cobos will issue later proc
lamation giving the reasons for his actions,
which UP to t4.,s time are unknown.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28
Saws it Was an Error.

Some time ago it was printed that Mr..
w. r. Dorsett came very near being
drowned in Penny's pond, by boat cap
sizing with him while out IN the middle
of the pond.
This statement must be incorrect, -
said Mr.. James Lea, the miller, ''as all
the boats that were out came back to the
landing In my presence and l saw no one
at all whose appearance indicated anything
of the kind"
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28
Hook and Ladder Company.

The w. F.. Womble Hook and Ladder
Company will meet in their rooms tonight
at 8 O'Clock, every member requested to
be present. Election of delegates to as
ISOLATION.
E. B. PARRISH, Secretary
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28
THE B. B BIS. v o 7.
They Defeated Wakefield in Good Game by
Ten to Seven.

The B. B. BIS. defeated the Wakefield
team on Friday by a score of 10 to Z, the
game being played at Wakefield
The special features were the batting of
Gill and Thompson. bucket and Thomp-
sons battery work, Haynes fine fielding
for Raleigh, and the catching of Kimball
for Wakefield.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28
Good Crops in Pam'ico.
New Bern Journal.)

(NeW Bern JOurnaI)
A prominent farmer of Pamlico county
yesterday that to take the crops,
corn and cotton, especially, on an average
they were as good in his county as he ever
saw them at this time of year. 1t is
thought that Pamlico will harvest the
largest crop this year in her history.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28
EpWorth League.

The Epworth League meeting at the
Central Methodist Church last night was
most pleasant one.
The meeting was led by Miss Dixie Stein
and the subject of the evening was RE
ligion Between Sundays"
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28

LOST-EITTIER AT ACADEMY OF
Music, or between there and the Baptisss
Female University, light white silk
shawl. Return to New York Life office
in the Tucker Building and receive suit
Z able reward.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28
She Knew What to Do.

Tess-And when asked you if you
wouldn't like him to kiss you your re
ply. / hope. was properly scornful
Jess-I didn't reply at all. l just turn.
ed up my nose.
Tess-You did? Good
Jess-Yes, and so he kissed me right
under it.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28

y Nothing makes a woman so mad as to
have a man she dislikes refuse to give her
an opportunity to turn him down.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1903-07-28

WANTED-ONE LARGE SUNNY ROOM
first floor preferred) to store household
effects Prefer to rent from occupant
who owns house. Address P. L. r.,
care News and Observer.