davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1903-09-18
Competition Is Expensive.

am competitive trade Is expensive. have been told
ny manufacturers that it them
" cent OF the cost OF their send travelling
10 place them in the hands the wholesalers jobes
nav" also been told by wholesalers and jolcrs that it
On an average about ten cent Of the cost of goods
"'h 10 place them in the hands Of the retailers and
~ 'ecn ola by large retail that costs them
NV I" ten per cent OF their gross sales in advertising.
va, rect htN told by gentleman in Chicago who the
osHg representative of large retail establishment,
Tue advertisement Of his appearing in Sunda.
'"" ol one OF the CHICAGO papers them 5000.
i'' all 4" this extra Is made necessary
laws OF competition.
VIII thus be noticed that from twenty five to thirty
yer cent OF the original an article has been added as
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1903-09-18
Standard Oil Methods.

This pursued in other towns and think
the has been pursued in town. village and
hamlet in the United States where necessity seemed to
qure it. They have thus taught tried to teach all COM
peors they would tolerate opposition and In this
they have all times except during these
tests maintained and fictitious value for their
commodity OIL under the law OF competition and under
the law supply and demand would have fallen except
their methods, and the fact that oil has lower
during these years has been In due to their
spite OF their efforts The dividends earned
company show that they have maintained the price
abnormal profits For than ten they have
declared dividend Of 80 cent SlOOOOOOO Of sup
capital portion Of which Is doubtless
by what Is known watered stock and notwlth
standing dividends they have accumulated
Il surplus until their stock watered and actual, IS today
worth about six for
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1903-09-18
Startling Illustrations.

1t Is said that the Sugar trust, with capitalization Of
s75OOOOOO only has S36OOO,OOO actually invested. The
American Tin Plate company, with capital stock of $780,
100000 put property estimated by experts at 100000
received In stock 100000 was sold to
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1903-09-18

the result Of competitive trade and all Of which, in the end
the and all most Of which could be
avoided by doing away with competitive tra.e.
will thus be noticed that the natural result Of
bnaon ought to he the cheapenng Of the article
The OF production md the cost Of marketing both
greatly and cgimately decreased there ought be
corresponding decrease in the price the Every
candid is compelled to admit that in actual practice
such has been the result With organization OF
controlling trust there has been sudden and, in
MANY instances oppressive advance In prices In
instances the price has been doubled and in few rebed
The organization OF the the handling
farm machinery announced that they doing 1t in the
interest OF and that they would enabled
furnish implements t" the farmers less price than they
could operating independent concerns They said that
they would be able to do away with travelling men,
much OF the expense incident competitive trade
Immediately the orgauz ton sched
ule prices issued. showing considerable ADVANCE
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1903-09-18
Injurious Effects.

All Of this cannot but be injurious a
people, 1t does with the stimulus Of high exerton.
1t destroys the strenuous ife except the very 1t
changes the Independent agent servant
corporation. Its tendency very great
and powerful. but to make dependents Of Others The
effect Of this be otherwise than disastrous.
stroys the genius Of institutions.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1903-09-18
Prices Advanced.

Whatever the claims Of these organizations and their
eject trade, be conceded that the immediate
'aecS OF these organizations has been to advance the price
to the Of practically all Of these commodities but
whetner this shall be temporary permanent will depend
upon the wisdom greed those In charge 1t must be
conceded that articles be manufactured and dis
tr ca by large much less price than they
can be manufactured and distributed by individuals and
small concerns There large advantages TO the large
manufacturer over the SMALL In organization and unity
aerc Ia strength Where the industry Is controlled and d.
scted by strong organizing mind and genius with every
ooay connected with 1t working n purpose and
r"" much greater results he accomplished with the
same expenditure OF money labor than where each
acting independently and for himself therefore. such in
thtons and should deliver their articles to
" much less price than II manufactured handled by the
"'dua or small concern. Again such concerns could II
y would do away with the destruction Of competition.
Tue law OF competition. while naturally and In many
pec's beneficial is very destructive 1t involves the
wal or the httest and determination weak.
warfare cold and relentless, which lis Jusfes
use OF any accomplish leaves in its
IRAN .wreckasc and waste Of war;
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1903-09-18
The Parent of Trusts,
Six Hundred Great Trusts.

1t is said that In the last six than GOO such
organizations the direct purpose Of
controlling the prices Of the several commodities in which
they engaged. either in manufacturing handling 1t Is
ac that in these organizations Is aggregated capital of
than $looooOoo.ooo and that among the articles
affected by organizations food products. such
sugar. hour ice biscuits salt starch. baking powder and
fru also distlng and brewing products tobacco. textile
industries leather rubber wood products school furni
nre. lumber glass, clay industries chemicals. oils paints
iron and steel products farm and other machinery hard
electrical appliances minerals, metals and metal
products including COAL brass iron lead printing material
sch as type boundaries and nearly the whole range
ct sma' speclaes like matches. cement powder and dyna
initc. typewriters and sewing machines
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1903-09-18

but experience has clearly demonstrated that the
selfshness Of human nature, when allowed play will
mems better Instincts and drive them the
tice Of extoron.
venture the that the price Of no commodity
has been lowered the monopolistic organza
tion and when prices have lowered been the
organizations employ energy and element known
prices.
The Real Facts.
The fact that prices have certain
cred has the result Of laws aud con..ons witch
they have been able withstand. The Standard OIL
commonly referred by the defenders OF this
system illustration Of this theory They point TO the
fact coal oil has steadily gone down from 80 to
II gallon since the organization Of but let
that this has been because Of
but spite Of it. There toda, numerous
small that would Sell oil price considerably
than that fixed by the Standard OIL company II they
The Stand rd Oh company has only been able to restrict the
law Of competition and maintain its monopoly OF that In
dustry by this practice OF killing competition. Whcr
competition develops practical point they place
price oil low to kill competition and when
petition is destroyed, they the price and the
experience their brothers deters others from
again entering the field Of competition. If competition is
made, the Standard Oil company fixes the price. and then
the competing concerns iou maintain that price,
will drive YOU out OF business
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1903-09-18
Indiyidualisrm DESTROYED.

have heretofore discussed this question from purely
monetary Standpoint but 1t has ethical side
effect OF this OF concentration change
independent and individual a single
ganzaon controlled by single body indi
vidual operators either driven of business entirely
enter the concern employees Individuasm
stroyed Except with very few who become the
Of these large organizations the others
tools instruments. little wheels vast machine of
organization The inspiration aspiration accompany
ing the individual efforts lost Men become machines
Under the system proprietor
the small store is driven Of business
to accept rerksip In the large department This
manufacturer til It, by his genius, industry ambition has
built business Of which he proud compelled to
abdicate and foremanshp in his own, some
other where simply obeys and carries
out Instructions Instead OF originating and executing his
lrSirn
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1903-09-18
Charities No Justification.

But the defenders of such system, the money
collected these ordinarily benefcent
purposes and they point the colleges and churches
by Rockefeller company and the
libraries institutions by Carnegie AS wise and
benehcent be the founding these institutions,
still the assertion that money
Of Infinitely advantage the If it had left
with the people from whom it has been extorted 1t Is
that great Injustice Is in levying OF
tribute If It same parties
from whom 1t has been cxaced. but it becomes wrong
and crime VIII exaced from class OF people and
used for the benefit OF another You and however much
admire libraries colleges and churches quite
willing to be taxed to build them in New York. Chicago
ltttsburg. We prefer that tribute will go to the
institutions that children may enjoy. We
not quite willing that either Rockefeller Carnegie shall
wiring out Of by indirect fund that he may dis
tribute Mt his sovereign will Carnegie has wrung
this from unwilling hands. and proptiate
his conscience and appeasc the wrath Of the wronge
Is doing out this to charitable institutions with
such exactns conditions to to received with
hesitancy. Better better that this money
manned in the hands Of its original producers.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1903-09-18

suspcting public with which operate the
promoters Of the enterprise The United
pany issued $2O0OOOOO of stock yet said
fairly reliable authority that the
combined properties for which this did
not exceed S4O,OOOOOO third Of the capital stock
issued The American Steel and Wire company capt
tai stock of $0NnOO while the properties thar Int"
1t were appraised by experts at S3O!00oONO.
This excessive capitalization is lo,h
fair 1t lmpars public confidence; paying Of
fictitious dividends necessary Having sold the
vestors they unable to pay dividends
This they do only ny charging unreasonable price
for their commodities, by grinding their
sarners neither Of which ought he tolerated
Carnegie's Wealth.
The wonderful power of accumulation by these is
forcefuly Illustrated in the OF Andrew Carnegie But
few years he but he had the genius
and ability to organize corporation, which practically
monopoly In the line OF Its operation lie has been able
practically to fix the price Of his commodities and he has
gathered in tribute king sovereign could do how
much he has made one perhaps, knows In the last
twenty he has expended given millions
millions Of dollars What he is still worth is known lie
has vast properties outside Of his holdings the Steel
In the recent consolidation the him $l75
100000 Of their first bonds and $2UOOOO cash. making
total In all OF %2Ono0O We hardly comprehend the
magnitude Of is money except by comparison,
but idea Of It when tell Is four
sIme the amount of the assessed value of all the railroads
OF Iowa lately determined by the executive council
In short time to such fortune by laying
such tribute upon the people:
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1903-09-18
I'm Business Relations.

tendency of Capitalization which Is manifested in
governmental affairs much strongly In the
concentration Of business and industrial affairs This ten
dency present be Irresistible and becomes our
dut, calmly consider whether is for veal These
questions largely considered In political campagns
distorted theories have been perverted logic
ignored purpose Of lending assistance
the other Of the great political
Discussion has given place to denuncaton
giving attention to cam consideration OF
benefits order Of things. and pointing out
dangers resulting from it, have given to Vim
dictive dogmatic TRADE: but that we are In
politica where the temperature OF and udE
nent should not disturbed political meteoric condi
tions ought able reliable observations and
them deduce rational theories and remedies.
combinations organized for the purpose OF
overcoming the natural law supply and demand and doing
competition been attempted various
in the history Of the worlds but they have
short duration and OF little effect aud have
been crushed with the weight force Of natural law.
The Parent of Trusts.
organization that be said to have
folly resisted this law is the Standard OH
pany, which organized some twenty years ago by
Of the capital It's command and comparatively
limited supply commodity it controls. together with
resourcefu genius and uncomprcmsng methods employed
1t @ for this long period been able to set defiance
the law that political economists had taught
nvlnche 1t has practically crushed out competition and
held price its commodity regardless of the
law Of supply demand Encouraged by Its and
guided by Its methods, other organizations. corporations
trusts combinations associations controlling the prices
OF large part Of the mercantile commodities OF this country
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1903-09-18
OvILIA, IOWA, Aug. 90 (Special!-T

& TT OfILLA, 1OWA, aug G-\Specldi!-
great speech on the trust question made by
AA@J Judge S. +. Prouty Of Des Moines at the old
settlers reunion here the 10th is still the theme
Of enthusiastic comment. Judge Prouty requested
that he be not interrupted by applause, but the
great audience with difficulty restrained from
expressing its approval with cheers and at It's close
the speaker was accorded an ovation; the people
struggling with each other in efforts to grasp his
hand and thank and congratulate him. Congress.
man Lacey and others delivered excellent addresses
but none seemed to impress the people favorabiy
as that of Judge Prouty His address as follows;
Mr.. Chairman, Ladies' and acknowledgements my
Invitation to speak here today poster containing
foebons array Of distinguished from the preacher
the politician. realized at that had difficult
choose subject that would not encroach
upon themes of other speakers recognized that must
take subjecr had in It neither politics religion
have therefore chosen as the theme for the discussion dur
Ing hoc allotted this pntrorn Tho Economic
Condition the United States is To-day Facing"
APerple1ing Problem.
new aud perpexing economic condition. tho Of
supp!. competition that has heretofore boon
deemed absolute in its ultimate determination Of tho yauo
OF mercantile commodities has recently been largely sup
planted by combination. The lew Of supply and
demand by the old school OF political economists was
nexorable has been aside und held for naugt
By genius OF confederation. The old law Of
petition has been largely annhnted by tho modern force or
and it becomes the duty OF tho calm thinker
discuss and anayzc this economic condition to de-
whether the good the III of people,
I'm National Affairs.
Tho century recently closed haa shown mnryc
tendency toward concentration In nj" lines there has
marked concentration in governmrnts the twenty or
petty Kingdoms duchcs Of Germany have combined
empire the unity "of Italy has been
effected Britain has reached into elmo and
Dependencies and tho United
States conception organization largely
OF Independent staes progressing rapidly toward
tralizcd, powerful government.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-02-25
SAVED But so AS BY FIRE
Story Told by Joseph scibarace, the
Man Who Escaped from Mt.
III, Pelee.

New York, Feb. 25.--Joseph Scrbarace.
the st. Pierre survivor who has arrived
here, tells an interesting story Of his eN-
perences at the time of the eruption Of
Mont Pelee, he being at that time pris-
oner. Scribarace says he was placed in
jail for slashing a man with a knife. Then
he was put in the dungeon for fighting
with 4 prisoner. His story continues:
'On the next day it got very warm
heard the sound of explosions. but
thought it was only thunder ShrieKs and
cries followed the great noise. Then all
was still, and it began to grow hot. I
thought the prison was on fire Ashes
and burning stuff began to sift through the
bars.
THE pile of straw l used for a bed
took fire, but stamped it out. Hot ashes
sifted on my head, arms and back. l was
stripped to the waist and every spark
left scar After a long time ashes
stopped falling. / was sore and hungry.
did not know how long l stayed in the
dungeon.
Finally went to sleep and knew moth
ing more until found myself in the arms
of the priest who had been my friend in
the prison. The father had remembered
that was in jail and after the fire went
out he came to save me and had me dug
from the ruins. I was told that ! was bur
led four days without food and little air"
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-02-25
RAIDING COAL CARS
How the Railroads Suffer in Vicin-
ity of Chicago.

Chicago. Feb 25.--Revelations as to the
value of coal stolen from railroad cars in
Chicago each year were given in the Max
We'll street police court yesterday when
four boys were brought before Justice
Dooley charged with stealing coal from
Burlington cars. 1t was shown that the
loss by petty coal thieves is thousands of
dctlars a. year.
The Burlington has been among the
mined effort to put an end to this pilfering.
Many railroad employees have been sworn
in as deputies and raids will be made each
day. Wholesale arrests are threatened.
Your honor. this raiding of coal cars
has come to be a serious thing for the
railroad companies. said representa-
tive Of the Burlington. THE Burlington
alone is robbed of coal valued at $1,000
each week. and sometimes more. The loss
for year can be estimated at $4,000.
Not only are railroad cars looted and
robbed continually, but merchandise cars
are also attacked, and shippers are COM
planning because they do not get pro
lection. Some of the coal taken belongs
to private individuals and have no
knowledge of their yearly losses. Some
thing must be done to put an end to this
evil
LAS many as 200 persons have been
known to board a coal train at the out
skirts Of the city" explained Detective
Joseph Pleve. land it is not q, difficult
| matter to realize the great amount of fue]
such a number would be capable OF
| throwing from the cars. The railroad
| crews are powerless to drive those persons
| from the cars. In many instances the
| crews and railroad detectives have beer
beaten and driven from the trains
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-02-25
THE POSTMASTER
Shook OF Coffee and Got Well.

It's so easy to shake off coffee and cof-
fee diseases, when vel made Postum c.
real Food Coffee is served in its place that
it doesn't take long to tell the tale.
The postmaster of fourishing town
in Dinwiddie county, Virginia. writes: IL p
to a short time ago coffee had me great
sufferer from constipation, nervousness
and indigestion. About the middle Of last
July 1 quit coffee and began using, Post
um and ever since I have been improving.
MY troubles have now quite disappeared.
II attribute my recovery to Postum and
have induced several Of my friends to try
1t. You are at liberty to use this" Name
given by Postum Cereal Co., Ltd, Bat
tie Creek, Mich.
There is reason. Coffee is a definite
poison to many persons and disease sets
in If the use of even one cup day is con-
tinued.
When the poison is withdrawn and a
pure food beverage like Postum Food COT
fee used the return to health is natural
and prompt, if the disease is not too ad-
yanced and many, very many old chron-
ic diseases disappear when the coffee is
abandoned and Postum used in it's stead
Many of these old diseases are bidder
nervous disorders that is. coffee keeps the
nerves poisoned and that condition creates
and holds disease in some organ of tbs
body Take away the cause and give g
true natural nerve rebuilder like Postum
and the changeis often miraculous.
!
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-02-25
TWELVE MILES A SECOND
The Solar System scorching Through
Space at q Terrific
Rate.

Berkeley, Cal, Feb. 25.--The D. Q. Mills
astronomical expedition to- the southern
hemisphere, after two years OF prepare
tory work, will sail from San Francisco
for Chile next Saturday. The observa-
tions will be conducted by University OF
California astronomists, headed by Will
lam II. Wright of the Lick observatory
Owing to an INJURY recently received, d.
rector Campbell will be unable to go with
the party which expects to remain abroad
at least two years. The mission OF the
expedition is to throw additional light on
the motion of the solar system through
space. Since 1895 the line of sight We
locities of some 400 Of the brightest stars
have been measured at the Lick observa-
tory by means Of the spectograph pre-
sented by d. 0: Mills. The results so far
obtained indicate that the solar system is
moving approximately toward the south
ern part of the constellation of the Tyre
with speed Of 121a miles a second. This
conclusion. however. cannot be consid
cred conclusive for the stars Of the south
ern hemisphere are not presented in the
calculations and for the purpose of OBJ
serving them the Mills expedition is be-
ing sent to Santiago. Chile. The spectre
scopic photographs obtained by the party
will be sent to the Lick observatory for
measurement and comparison. All the ex-
penses will be borne by D. O. Mills of New
York.. +
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-02-25
Nm. J. 6qlI lEF *,
- cop1TaGlfE by I aaeeA

and then slowly, very slowly, they strolled
along the path that ran within three feet
of where I stood.
My heart leaped with excitement. Their
voices sounded above the rushing of the
waters, and they were lingering as though
unwilling to walk further.
"Ethelwynn has told me-" he was saying
ST can't make out the reason Of his cold
ness towards her. Poor girl! she seems
utterly heart broken"
HE suspects his wife replied
r''But what ground has he for sus-
pcion?''
stood there transfixed They were
talking of myself!
They had halted quite close to where I
was, and in that low roar had raised their
voices so that I could distinguish every
word
"We1I,'' remarked his wife, 1.-THE whole
|affair was mysterious, that you must adj
nit With his friend a man named Jew
ons, he has been endeavoring to solve
the problem
"a curse on Amber Jevons!" he blurt-
ed forth in anger as though he We're well
acquainted with my friend.
IF between them they managed to get
at the truth it would be very awkward .
she said.
No fear Of that" he laughed in full
confidence. "A man once dead and
buried, with a coroner's verdict upon him,
is not easily believed to be alive and we'll
No. my dear; rest assured that these men
will never get at our secret-never."
| 1 smiled within myself How little die
he dream that the man Of whom he haC
been speaking was actually overhearine
his words! M
But Ethelwynn, In order to regain he'