Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1903-03-19
MEMS FIVE SENSES.
CURIOUS FACTS ABOUT THEM MOI
GENERALLY KNOWN.

The NePv09 81 taste arc TSE"S~
By Either cry Hot Or Very Cosi
Liquids-Thc Ear Ism Wondcrful
Organ-Thc Eyes Easily Deceived.
For some unknown reason different
| parts of the tongue arc assigned foi
The perception OF different tastes.
| With the tip we taste sweet substances
and salts. with the back we taste bitter
things and with the sides we taste
acids. The middle part Of the tongues
surface has scarcely any sense OF taste
at all. ~ \
The long named substance parabrOm-
benzoic sulphinide produces a most re-
markable effect. for it gives a sense of
sweetness to the point Of the tongue
and of bitterness to the back. Pure
water tastes sweet after sulphate OF
magnesia.
We can only taste things in soiu-
ton; hence if the tongue were perfect
ly dry it would not be affected by the
strongest favored substance in a dry
state.
The taste nerves are paralyzed by
very hot or very cold liquids. After
drinking very hot or ice cold water
we could not taste ever such Il sub
stance as quinine. This fact supplies
a useful hint for consumers of i'll fla
vored medicines.
Smell. though the least useful. is the
most delicate Of all our senses. We
can smell the Observation-Disclosures
part OF n grain Of musk. No chemical
analysis can detect such minute yuan
titles. The most powerful microscope
would not render a particle ten thou
sand times as large visible. We could
not taste it were it many thousand
times as large.
While we taste liquids. we can smell
only gases. Fill your n~ostrils with eau
de cologne, and you will experience no
odor whatever. Fine us our sense of
smell is. it has deteriorated immensely
since the time when our forefathers
were wild men. The Calmucks can
smell an encampment twenty miles
away: the P~eruvians can distinguish
all the South American races by their
odor.
But smell is a sense highly suscep-
tible of cultivation even by the modern
white man. Dealers in tea, spices. per-
fumes and drugs. in consequence of
their training. can distinguish the
faintest differences in odors.
The organ of hearing is one Of the
most marvellous pieces of mechanism
in the body. In animals the external
ear acts as a trumpet to collect the
sound waves in man it is little more
than an ornament. but the internal ear
is alike in both. So wonderful is its
construction that we can distinguish
sounds varying from forty to 1900 vi
brations per second. This feat is per-
formed by q portion of the ear called
the organ Of Corti. What a wonderful
organ that is may be understood from
the fact that it consists of 5000 pieces
Of apparatus. each piece being made
up Of two rods. one inner hair cell and
four outer hair cells-that is. $4,000
separate parts. III omc mysterious
Il the rods, with other things. are
tuned to different notes. and when they
vibrate they cause the hairs to trans
nit an impulse to the nerve of hearing.
To be musical. therefore. is to have Il
good organ of Corti.
Why is it that scratching Il piece OF
glass with metal causes such an I'M
pleasant sound? Because it is what is
called the fundamental tone of the ear.
which is very high. What the funda-
mental o exactly is would take too
much space to explain. but If you blow
across the mouth of a bottle. a hollow
globe, ETC.. you get its fundamental
tone.
The ear is a deceptive organ, and it
is often a matter of guesswork to tell
whence a sound comes. Indeed. il you
place the open hands in front of your
ears and curve them backward sounds
produced in front will appear to come
from behind.
Human beings and monkeys see most
things with both eyes, Our whole field
of vision extends over $50 degrees or
half a circle. The middle half of this
we see with both eyes, together. but
the quarter at each side is seer only
with one eye.
All other animals see most things
with n eye only. Scarcely ever can
they fix both eyes on anything at the
same time. But there are considerable
variations. A bulldog, for instance.
somewhat closely approaches the con-
dition Of a monkey. The larger the pu-
pill the greater the quantity Of light
which enters the eye. Large PUZZLED
people. therefore. see the world in a
brighter and more cheerful state than
those with small pupils. They can see
things better In the dusk or at night.
As every one knows from the optica,
Illusion pictures, the eyes are easily
deceived. A white square on a black
ground appears larger thar a black
square Of the same size on a white
ground. Red neal green looks redder:
blue near yellow looks bluer; white
a black looks whittier.
Touch really includes several senses.
Thus there are spots on the skin which
feel heat only, spots which feel only
cold. spots which feel only pain. spots
which fool nnlu nracc,rra ,oI .~zA.