The Pacific commercial advertiser., 1903-12-24
MODERN METHODS
LOCAL ANIMAL
HUSBANDRY
Continued from page S.


The balanced ration is almost un-
heard of, and I know of no dairyman
who tests his milk regularly and very
few keep daily individual yield records
And the sanitary conditions about the
dairies, with few notable exceptions,
are the worst that I have ever seen.
| Surely here is room for improved meth
| ods We have made beginning at
| Kamehameha, first from the health
standpoint, we have three hundred
boys and girls depending upon the
whoIesomeness of the product. Our
cows have been inspected and pro-
nounced free from disease. the best of
| feed and clear fresh water is provided
/ in abundance; the COW yards are free
from mud in the rainiest season, sta
| bles have been floored with concrete
and the walls inside and out are twice
annually whitewashed. The COW I'D
| ders are washed before each milking
and the milk is carefully strained;
droppings are removed after each feed
ing and the COW sprayed before being
turned out to pasture.
We grow all the roughage fed in the
dairy, it is of considerable variety and
includes sorghum, sweet-corn fodder,
HdllT COTH, IIillO IfldlZe, Slc., COW peas.
para-grass and manienie, the latter of
which we have some twenty acres
planted to lawn, provides an excellent
fodder during rainy season when we
NOW one or two times monthly.
The COW peas give promise as val
liable substitute for part of the extern
sive grain ration because of their high
protein content. With the corn and
oil 70 1Cor no
beans form part of the concentrates
composing our dairy ration during a
part of the year Our present ration
has been carefully computed according
to the standard CWolff's) and then
modified to suit our own peculiar con-
ditions as experience suggested:
Kamehameha farm dairy ration, bas-
| ed on cows in full milk, weighing 1000
| pounds:
| Forty pounds chopped sorghum, corn,
| or manienie together or separate and
| mixed with COW peas when available.
Three pounds wheat bran.
| Two pounds middlings, or shorts.
| Two pounds linseed or cocoanut meal.
Five pounds chopped algaroba beans.
| The above ration is divided equally
into morning and evening meal. It's
cost is from Is to 20 cents per COW per
day, our cows averaging about 900 lbs.
in weight. This is high feeding COM
pared with Honolulu standards but we
find it pays. OF course we do not fol-
low the standard blindly, it is a base
| which judgment will need to modify
according to the popularity of the in
dividual COW and other local condi-
| tions. Further:
| Punctuality in milking and feeding
| is insisted upon and our students by
| whom all the dairy work as well as the
! farm work in general is done, receive d
/, valuable training in good habits as we'll
as in this important branch of agricul-
ture.
A daily record is kept of the yield of
each COW morning and evening, and
her milk tested by the Babcock method
twice monthly. This data we use as a
guide in culling our herd once yearly,
and for every COW culled we aim to
| replace as good a one as it is possible
to obtain. We still find much room for
improvement but from our experience
and observation we believe that the
dairy business offers exceptional op-
portunities when rightly conducted. I
have been asked for further data con-
cerning our dairy operations, and a
ksummary of the business end for the
year ending December 81, 1902, is as fol-
lows: Average number of cows milking
during the year, 9 75-100 per cent; total
yield as actually sold Ono allowance
being made for amount fed to calves
which is inconsiderable owing to the
small number of calves fed to a wean-
ing age), 25,531 quarts or 55,65T1A lbs.
An average yield of 2,61S quarts or sos
lbs. per COW per annum. The gross
price realized for the total yield was
S2274.1S. Cost of feed was s634.25 which
includes an allowance of 81 per ton for
green fodder produced on the school
farm and IS per cow per apnum for
pasturage which is a generous allow
ance considering that our pasture af-
ford little else than exercise. The cost
of labor for the year was s236.63 all
dairy work being performed by student
labor which is paid for at the rate of
8 to 10 cents per hour. Deducting the
cost of feed and labor we have s1403.30