Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1903-02-06
lprrh s1ia 5lpatnur 4a Fridap February 1903

-
out the addition of bituminous mat
riN, or binder. and those which use as
a basic material the waste of soft coal
mines.
Brown COAL" or Ignite, is abundant
and cheap in many parts of Germany
In the works at Deuben, near Halle,
this raw material is crushed, moist
ened with water to the consistency of
mortar, then passed thru machine
which, by compression under heat. de-
velops the btumen and renders the
mass so plastic and adhesive that 1t
molds rapidly into smooth glistening
briquettes of a black or dark brown
color, which are practically smokeless
and leave a reddish-brown ash after
combustion.
"All processes of this kind are based
upon the fact that Ignite is d vegetable
coal of more recent formation and,
therefore, less perfectly carbonlZed
structure than anthracite or bitumin-
Gus Goals, has lower caloric value, and
requires to be compressed and further
carbonized by artificial means Turf
or peat is still more recent formation,
and requires proportionately more ar
tificial preparation to produce high
class fuel; hence the several more or
less successful patented processes for
carbonizing peat into so-called peat
coal,-an artificial product which can
be used either in irregular Jumps or
nodded into briquettes.
In all that concerns the manufacture
of briquettes from brown coal, or from
the slack and waste of bituminous
coal mines, the processes employed in
France and Germany have long passed
1.-THE experimental stage and become
standard commercial industry. II 9TH
ers are really interested in the sub
ject, there is no need that they should
risk any large sums of money in I'M
certain experiments. They have only
| to study the machinery and methods
employed in European countries, COM
pare their crude materials with those
found and used here, and they can thus
start at the point of technical knowl-
edge which Europeans have reached
after many years of experience"
Mr.. Mason describes several of the
by heating and drying. but perhaps
TEN operated successfully at Munich
and elsewhere, by which BLACK, dense
briquettes of high caloric value are
made from peat without the applica-
ton of heat,-simply thru the action
of kneading and drying"
Abating the Smoke Nuisance.
One of the chief advantages derived
from the use OF fuel briquettes in a city
like Berlin, as set forth by Mr.. Mason,
is the beneficial influence in reducing
the smoke of factories.
Berlin. altho a busy manufacturing
city, ranks as one of the cleanest and
best kept in Europe. One of the first
things usually noticed by American and
British travellers visiting the German
capital for the first time is the absence
of that cloud of dusty smoke that over
hangs so many other towns and cities.
The reason for this lies in three facts.
The preponderant use of coke and lig-
mite briquettes, which are practically
smokeless; the skillful, scientific con-
struction of boiler furnaces and Chin
neys; and, finally, the high standard
of skill that is taught and enforced
among firemen who stoke furnaces with
coal for steam and manufacturing pur-
poses.
1T is not every strapplng laborer
who can shovel coal who is permitted to
stoke boiler furnace in Germany. Be
fore he can assume such charge h
must be taught the theory and practic
of economical. scientific firing. The
Silesian coal used here in most large
steam plants and factories is rich In
bitumen and would rank below many OF
the bituminous Goals of the United
States, and yet the long, dense. trailing
clouds of smoke from mill and factory
chimneys which are so familiar Sigh
in many other cities are rarely seen in
this section of Germany, where the In
discriminate shoveling of raw bitumin
Gus coal into steam and other furnaces
is considered an ignorant and waste
full proceeding.
"Coke-making in retort ovens, bs
which every element is saved and BIZ
luminous coal is converted into smoke
less coke and gas, is another import
ant factor in German fuel economy AMI
abatement of the smoke nuisance. If
other municipalities beyond the eco
nomic range Of anthracite are ever
emancipated from their present vassal-
age to the smoke incubus, it will be thru
the enforced use of one or more of thres,
forms of prepared fuel-vis., coke and
fuel gas made in closed ovens from bi
luminous coal, and briquettes made
from Ignite, peat. and other inferior
materials by processes which have been
invented. tested. and proven to be eff
ficient by the older ana pore economi-
cal countries of Euro,.va;
Mysterious Circumstance.
One was pale and sallow and the
other fresh and rosy. Whence the diff
ference? She who is blushing with
health uses DIR. Kings New Life Pills to
maintain it. BY gently arousing the
lazy organs they compel good diges-
ton and head off constipation. Try
them. Only 25 cents at George p.
Powers, druggist.
The crowned heads Of every nation.
The rich men, poor men and misers
All join in paying tribute to
DeWltt's Little Early Risers.