New-York tribune., 1903-06-23

mon rights aud under the ban of humanity? p?
But his eioquence was in vain, and the only
remedy was the outburst from officers OF the
French army. formally and fervently declaring
their eagerness for settlement with the 1oui
land which contains the haunts OF these mon
sters VINO are sheltered BY its laws NOT y
the United States able TO claim that 1t Is clearly
and beyond possibility of question above the IKE
reprOaCh- II the assassin of that adInlra Die
President of the French Republic. NJ. Sadi Car
not, had escaped to our shores. we should surely
have returned him as voluntary act, Dut We
had not. and we have not 10 this day. treaty
with France that would have required our sur
rendering him to justice.
The progress we have made since the assassi-
nation of Mckinley starts us on the road TO re
move such reprOaches. But for two exceptions
the treaty with Brazil might be taken as en-
bodving what in these days must be held tne
obvious duty of any civilized nation in the
premises Il fails. however. 10 include all those
who in either country stand in the line OF sue
cession and it unhappily limits its exclusion OF
these crimes from the category OF pohtlcai Or
fences rigidly TO the case when they are uh-
connected with political movements. Through
the rneShes of that last clause hat the aSSStSStlS
II, question corId claim right to escape. But
with the precedents already established ana
with the present temper Of the Senate there
seems 70 be no reason now why we might not
r-orrn+Tyr conclude treaties with all nations on
the basis of that with Russia merely extend
inr II so as 10 include those IN either country
in the direct line of succession 70 the headshlp
of the Government and perhaps adding also IN
some form the protection of the Brazilian treaty
for Governors of States
THE FIRST PRINCIPLES INVOLVED
The cornrnonnIaces Of International Law and
OF our own practice on the subject are no doubt
too familiar to require more than the 'rleIes'
statement Our government spIdhS from d r.
olutiOn and naturally cannot hOld TeNOlL e1sa-li9
unjust rule a crime. No nation can ps re-
ouired to enforce within its own boundaries
another nations laws The easiest and proper
place to try for crime is where IL was cOIu-
nitted. No nation can be expected to send back
for such trial persons accused OF acts Whlcn II
does not hold criminal. 1t may even admit tneT
crininality, and yet before returning Iil0iil,
stipulate against punishment greater Indh -
thinks warranted by the nature or the crime III
proportion TO the Hberality OF its own llStiIu-
tfons a nation will be predisposed to as lentent
a view possible of political onenceS ARISING
out Of efforts TO Hberalize 70 a similar point tne
institutions of other nations The general e&-
ernption Of political offences from the operation
Of extraditiOn treaties among the more ad-
vanced nations thus has its origin IN the nature
of things. II cannot be prevented, ana IL ouSHt
not to be-
But since we began this exemption. enormous
CHANGES in the conditions affecting many revOlts
against established authority have occurred
without leading TO any corresponding cnanse IN
our policy The movement from which many
recent political offences spring is one not against
an oppressive authority in favor Of more 1ust
one, but against any authority. Sometimes us
advocates dream Of an entire change in the
principles Of government, oy Whlch IL SLIsLIi
cease to protect individual rights in property,
and materially modify individual rights Of the
person. IF they do not thus stop short at COM
munism they go on TO the overthrow or ali
existing government, the destruction OF all au-
thorfty.
mon with the liberal institutions to which we
are devoted. and struggles for which by others
We have been unwilling TO punish They are
principles as antagonIstc TO our WeHare d 10
that of any monarchy or any aUtocracy- Hnere
is no reason in our views or our interests why
we should protect fugitives guilty OF crimes IN
the promotion of such principles, and no reason
in the nature Of things why any organized gov
arr,r7ar+ oF arz eor+ should They are necessary
,TT question
which every successful effort Of theirs raises
for us and for all the world, is not. What form
Of government shall we favor! put @ ohslt Ns
have any form Of government Their rnetnods
are those Of the Conspirator rather than the
revolutfonfst, and their weapons the dynamite
bomb, the revolver and the dagger II IS not 20
ba tolerated that the fame Of our Republic
should be sullied by the slightest shade OF sym
pathy in its International policy with these enc
mics Of mankind who may seek shelter under
our historic favor for political prisoners
THE DOCTRINE ABOUT ANARCHIsM-
If in this summary Of what have termed the
cnnmonplaces Of the subject have not outrun
your approval you viii then be ready TO regard
il as imperative on the United States, as hrst
step and at an early day, to free every eXIraoI-
ton treaty il has with any other nation from
their present quasi protection under the gulse OF
mere political offenders for the assassIns OF
heads Of government You VIII pc APT, Ih4hh' 10
go farther and approach al least the views
Jointly expressed to US in the December folIoW-
ing the assassination of President McfNlhIey Dy
thought this with previous anarch1stIc crimes
and attempts upon the lives OF Cnlet S1aSIs-
trates rendered it terribly evident that
struggle against the menace OF anarcny Is an
urgent necessity for all governments. They ac-
cordfngIy proposed concert of action in measures
to check the anarChistic movement, Ihe
strengthening OF the penal code against anar-
chists and particularly the expulsion OF anar-
chists from countries OF which they are not SUD
The President had already recommended TO
Congress measures for keeping them out OF the
country for depOrting them II found mere OF Ior
their punishment; as well as an agreement Dy
treaties making anarchy an<oHence against the
law of nations. The response or congress was
a law merely forbdding the future ADMISSION
Of anarchists or the naturalization Of such as
NAV be here Meantime nothing IS done 10 unit
their present asylum here, and little to restrain
Al the same time the bill for protecting the
life of the President failed, because certain Sen
ators held that the head Of the Government was
entitled to no greater proJectlon oeLoIe Iue "a"
than it's humblest or most worthless and vicious
ci+i-eu Their motives are beyond reproacn,
but to me at least their logic and law seem to
belong not TO the America Of which We are so
proud. but TO the sans-culOtte period In france
The efforts to overturn established govern
rnents or 10 throw all governments into chaos
nv the aesa ssfnatiOn OF Chief Magistrates seem
to have grown steadily more frequent and mon
strOus through the past century Ihe SITUATION
in this regard is as bad now as at any perlod
in the worlds history since the Roman EN-
nfre in the days Of its decadent Caesars IN
forty Years We have ourselves lost three noble
I5res75ar+e Nv assassination. besides having a
distinguished Secretary OF state ana MS son
rr7r1rderousIv assaulted and the former MANNED
for life In an imperfect list Of assasslnat1ons'
successful or attempted, on soverelgns or other
Chief Magistrates during the last century.
have counted up over fOrty-rnore than one IN
three wears nearly one every other yeari And
among them were the ernanc1pat1ng car OF
Russia the eruancipa ting President of the
United States the humane King OF Italy. and
the bIameless and progressive President OF
France. To these nigh he fairly ADDED that
most nftiful figure Of all. the sad and suffering
T--rDress Of Austria. The men who committed
800 cs thasa crimes ave said 20 have enJoyed