Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-01-30

SHAW ON THE TARIFF
Secretary e'dt5a..ry's Aa-
dress in New York.
BANQUET EAST NIGHT
DIR. FRANK M. BRIsToL's TRIBUTE
TO WILLIAM MCKINLEY.
Late President Was Instrumental in
Leading American Labor From
Drudgery to Dignity"

Drudgery to Dignity"
secretary Shaw was the principal speaker
at the annual dinner Of the West Side Re
publican Club, at the Waldorf-Astoria, New
York, last evening. The occasion was the
celebration OF the birthday Of William Nc
kinley. His theme was tariff, and in part,
he said:
1 am aware that most of the textbooks
and many OF the colleges teach free trade,
and admit that free trade is theoretically
correct. am also aware that nearly every
statesman whose wisdom has contributed
to the advancement Of Industrial prosperity
in the United States during the last CEN
fury has taught protection, and insist that
practically speaking, protection Is correct.
l think both Of these propositions can be
demonstrated with mathematical accuracy,
and at the same time concede that correct
theory Is always In harmony with practice.
The difficulty with the schoolmaster is. he
thinks OF the human race as a unit.
Inc schoolmaSter is correct, II 1t be
sought to equalize wages and standards Of
living throughout the world. The states
man In correct so long as he has in mind
the advancement Of the American people
and the establishment of economic condi-
lions peculiar to ourselves. Unless we pro-
pose to drop our standard of living to the
average OF the world we must protect our
people from competition with the product
OF cheap foreign labor and from the pres
ence OF cheap foreign raborers. By SO do
ing we are relatively of greater advantage
to the world than We would be to lower our
standard.
1.-The last fiscal year was the most pros
porous ever. experienced, yet during that
same year we actually consumed more for
elgn products than ever in our history. Our
unprecedented prosperity created a market
beyond our ability to supply
But this does not imply that the sched-
ules Of any tariff law are perfect, or that
tney ever were perfect or ever will be per-
rect, or that they should never be revised.
1t does imply, however that they should
not be revised simply because they are i'm
perfect. Some one some industry, some in
terest, ought to show actual hardship
oe1ore present conditions are disturbed"
Some Articles Sold Below Cost.
After reviewing the opposition to high
prices In 1892, resulting in the election Of
Mr.. Cleveland. Mr.. Shaw said:
There are indications that another cam
palgn Is to be waged against high prices.
1t is again urged that American-made goods
can be bought in foreign markets cheaper
than at home. suppose this is true in
some instances. But this is not the out
growth of protection If any Of you gen.
tiemen Will go with me tomorrow to the
once OF the board Of general appraisers
promise to show agou a hundred articles
that are regularly sold cheaper in the
United States than where produced Sugar,
worth w cents Wholesale In France in
Hoiiand and In Russia, Is imported, charged
with duty Of 90 cents per hundred and
sold in this city at less than five cents.
RMS Is not only true of sugar, and choco-
late and macaroni, but of steel, chinaware,
glassware and many other articles.
NO one presumeS to say that existing
conditions might not be improved by re-
vision Of tariff schedules and no one dares
insure against their being made worse
When the present tariff law was passed 1t
was said In convention, ON the plat form
and through the press, that 1t would re-
main undisturbed for, twenty-five years It
is now nearly six years old and some peo-
pie have changed their minds, 1 am not
prepared to say unwisely but before I ioin
the chorus l would like to have the d.
rector announce to the audience just what
particular changes he proposed to have
made, and to give specific reasons there
for.
The Drawback Policy.
The only free trade argument that appeals
to me as sound is the one favoring the
cheapest possible material for manufactures
designed for export. The American manu-
facturer of shoes, for instance, would find
1t difficult to invade foreign markets against
a competitor who not only pays less wages,
Dut VIII also has Un0 advantage OF cleaD-
er leather. The answer to this argument
Is the republican drawback policy evolved
in the interest Of the exporter These laws
should be made as liberal as possible. There
are three prerequisites to a demand for the
refund Of duty. First the duties must have
been actually paid. Second, the imported
material must have been wrought into a
finished product by the aid Of American
labor. Third, the finished product must be
exported and thus removed from competi-
ton in the home market
when it is conceded that the government
does not desire to profit at the expense of
the exporter then every possible facility
should be afforded him, and no unnecessary
obstruction, hindrance or delay thrown in
his way. 1 know it Is urged that a less
stringent law should open the door to fraud
but there can be no fraud when the export
er of American manufactures RECEIVERS back
no more than has actually been paid either
upon the Identical material which has been
used in the manufacture or upon the same
kind and quality of material Absolute
identify need not be an essential
DR.. Bristops Remarks.
The Rev. DR.. Frank NJ. Bristol, pastor Of
the Metropolitan M. E. Church Of this city.
where Mckinley worshiped, was also a
speaker. He said:
1.-The illustrious Burke said: Great men
make great nations, great nations great
men, It Is our past that great men never
made a greater nation than this. And it is
our belief that one Of the greatest and best
men this nation ever made was William Nc
Kinley.
William Mckinley was an ideal charac-
ter In that high minded quality Of power
which we call character and in the honor to
which his country exalted him he was the
envy Of kings. the idol of the common peo-
pie. the model and pattern of aspiring
youth. and to the tworlfs pure womanhood
the embodiment and eXempiar Of holy love,
fidelity. honor and echiyalry.
''He was the CheXalieFiBayard Of American
statesmen. No mantle of charity is needed
to hide from the epureAt eyes any part of
that character or career. The mantle of his
own chaste, unstajpeds and Christian man
hood which he woSe with such grace among
US. he has fearlessly worn on to the throne
Of the Judgment OF history and to the
throne Of the judGmentof God.
william Mckinley twas instrumental in
leading Americansaabor from its drudgery
to It's dignity, from ,sauaior and poverty and
discomfort to propertyrand happiness, No
statesman has done more than he to exalt
and ennoble common industry and to es-
tablish and protect the sovereignty of the
workingman. He taught. all classes to feel
the value, pride and dignity Of being an