davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02
Orchard and Berry Notes.

From the Farmers Review Here IN
Central Illinois apple trees are usually
set 30 to 35 feet apart each way. two
rods being thought the best distance
apart. There was fair crop OF ~.
pies here this year. and fair winter ~.
pies are selling at SO to 75 cents per
bushel Wholesale. when hauled In by
farmers. Small fruits are often set
among apple trees and usually with
advantage to both kinds Of fruits.
When starting fruit growing over
twelve years old. l set all my berries
among the trees. running all rows
north and south and parallel to the
tree rows. These berry plats all did
we'll. and raspberries, currants and
gooseberries seemed to be better for
some shade. The finest currants and
gooseberries ever saw were grown In
the partial shade Of an apple and
peach orchard, where the apples and
peaches were planted together, the
peaches to be cut out when room was
needed by the apple trees. These trees
and berries have been planted ten
years and are still in fine shape. The
peaches and berries have been much
more profitable than the apples. the
latter not having amounted to any
thing as yet. But with twelve years
experience would not again set berry
plants Except perhaps strawberries)
among peach or plum. cherry or
ounce trees, these coming into bear
%h~k In, n q
way before bearing many crops. Be-
fore most berry plants are in full bear
ing the trees mentioned need all the
room. Among apple trees would still
set all kinds Of berries, setting the
first berry row eight feet from . row
of trees. the rows running north and
south.
In regard to the apple orchard writ
ten of In the Farmers Review that
was entirely killed by being plowed
and cultivated in August, I have no
personal knowledge. but the trees
must have been rather old and have
made practically no growth till that
year. Then a good working Of the
soil caused every bud to start. making
the whole tree tender and easily kill
ed by zero weather. Perhaps the
growth was hastened and kept up
late by fall like the present one. To
day. the 18th of November, gathered
out Of doors. roses. galiardias. chrys-
anthemums and quite bunch Of orna-
mental bean blossoms.
Peach buds here are thought to be
in very poor condition to stand the
winter. and It is likely there will be
no peaches in Central Illinois next
year unless the winter proves to b Q
very mild one.-Frank Akin. Macon
County, Illinois.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02
M;Szs!sls
CESSATION Of sheen.

uutletia sG. Of the WinconsIn Sta.
ton, says; Al tho Experiment station
our service rams are kept separate
from the hock during the breeding
season and only turned with the ewes
Tor short time each day, during
which. the shepherd or An assistant IL
on hand 10 note which ewes are IN
neat and which ones breed, conse
{ entity We have no difnculty In keep
ing An accurate record of the time Of
service Of each eve OF 524 ewes that
have been bTed and dropped their
lambs. the period Of CESSATION has
ranged from 140 70 16e days, and the
greatest number. 113 ewes, or 71.6 per
cent. dropped their lambs on the 14sth
day after service: the neat greatest
number. 81 ewes, or 1876 per cnt,
dropped their lambs lat days after ~
ing bred and 404 ewes or 77.1 per cent
dropped their lambs between the 144th
and 150th days after service. Only two
ewes carried their young for more
than 154 days. one yeaning 165 and ~
other 156 days after taking the ram,
while only one eve yeaned ~ early a.
140 days after service. All three 4
these ewes gave girth to dead lambs.
which would at least suggest that these
extreme periods were abnormal. From
the data here given. representing Is It
does the various breeds Of sheep. We
feel quite justified in stating that the
extreme range Of the normal period OF
CESSATION in breeding ewes is thirteen
days beginning at 142 and extending to
l54 days after service.
We may also bAfely conclude that
the greatest number Of ewes may be
expected to drop their lambs at least
six days earlier than was found BY
Tessier to be the case with breeding
ewes in France. This differences may
be accounted for, In part, at least. by
the peculiar characteristics Of the va
rious breeds. OF the 80 pure-bred
Southdown ewes 20 or 62.8 per cent
carried their lambs less than 1l7 days
and Of the pure-bred Merinos 6. or
Is per cent. carried their lambs over
this period. while the Shropsaire
grades and the various crosses Of
Shropshires with Dorsets and Merinos
occupy q middle position between the
two above mentioned breedA From d
1t would seem that the more compacol
and quick maturing the breed, the
shorter the period Of CESSATION. and
vice versa Since the Merinos are
much longer in reaching their matur-
ity In breeding as well as in rowth,
and general development than eitha1
the Southdown or the Shropshife
we might reasonably expect them
to carry their young . longer
time. This conclusion would serve to
explain the longer period Of CESSATION
noted in France since practically all
Of the sheep Of that country are Of the
Merino type.-Farmers' Review.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

At sale of bachelors which was
held in connection with a Cleveland
church fair recently one young man
was auctioned off for S cents. He
probably looked like 80, though, when
the hammer fell.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02
Fowls Need III. Open Ar.

Fowls should not be forced to ex.
posure in cold winter weather. neither
should they be closely confined in
over.heated houses. There is q prop
er medium and ideal condition be-
tween compelling them to roost in the
trees and keeping them all the time
IN warmed houses. They need a Ger.
tain amount Of liberty in the open air
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

Some one says that the rich man
drinks because he has nothing else to
do, and the poor man because he has
too much TO do. And then there are
a few or SO who drink just because
they like il.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

cided to resign from the ministry and
become an auctioneer. He must have
had deacons who wanted to do some
OF the talking.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

The superintendent Of the Philadel-
phia public schools says that good
spoilers are born and not made. but
the fact remains that the child who is
taught TO observe accurately seldom
spells words wrong.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

In the inadyert act Of drinking
''jigger' of whisky in a glass of soda
pop there was probably less intemper-
sncs than in anything that Carrie Ma
ton ever did.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

for charitable purposes this winter.
AS an entering wedge. ]. Pierpont Nor
gan has donated l cent TO Michigan
church relief fund
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

King Victor Emmanuel gave SAC, 900
to charity in honor of the new baby.
And It was girl baby. too. All the
charitable institutions in Victors
realm are praying for boy next time
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02
Testimony for spr.ylno,

At Horticultural meeting an iii.
nois fruit grower said: I had 4 little
orchard Of sixty trees that were ten
years old. and We never had secured
plum from that orchard. Every
plu rotted last year. and this year
we sprayed three times with the Bor.
deaux mixture and Paris green. and
We produced . good crop Of plums on
the trees that We sprays". while ON the
trees that We did not spray the plums
all rotteo. 3u-. the same ~ tksy had
before; In fact. We got 20 disgusted
With them that we cut out most Of
those trees. and only saved aScrt eight
or ten trees to experiment on, and
row We wish We had them baet asain
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

That sack Of mail that was mysteri-
ously lost on a Cincinnati train con-
tanned drafts and checks worth $22,-
900. besides love letters of immeasur-
able value.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02
A Tree Album.

II you do not know all the tress in
your neighborhood in their winter ~
we'll ~ their summer dress, start .
tree album with pasteboard leaves. on
which may be pasted the pressed
leaves. blossoms and samples OF bark
and wood Of trees.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

The first few times of practice of
the Hugoton brass band has pushed
the prairie dogs further back into the
short grass country.-Topeka State
Journal
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

Lucky indeed is the first grandson
OF Senator Clark OF Montana, born
Monday with sl000.000 gift from
grandpa il his mouth.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

The lead keel of the new cup defend
er. now nearly finished. is said to be
a wonder; but it is only indirectly
that it will help TO urge the boat
ahead
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

Perhaps when science has advanced
a little farther We shall be able to
harness Mont Pelee and make it do
the greater part of the worlds work
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

Mr.. Chamberlain has sailed for
South Africa to see for himself Just
Row much red he succeeded in splash
ing on the map.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

Minneapolis teachers have declined
I the Invitation OF their Chicago sis-
ters TO form union, but they still
reserve the right to strike when moth
ing else will make a boy behave
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02
YHE HOLLY CHIEFYAIH.
q. VI. MILFORD, Publisher.
aOLLY, COLORADO

Mr.. Charles NJ. Schwab is still as
busy as he can be in getting the
absolute rest" on which his physician
insists.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

Now il 4 good time to take stock OF
what Is on the farm and the cost and
profits Of operating during the pszt
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

With girl OF sweet l6 now At the
head Of the house of Krupp. who shall
tar that gunmakiug is not really one
W tNe arts of the peacemaker.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

Oh, no, ping-pong is not dead. But
the dining room table doesn't have
10 be cleared as promptly or as often
as il did last year.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

Arbitrating is better than striking,
but talking it over till both sides agree
is far better way than either Be
sides, it should be quicker.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

Secretary Wilson declares that as-
riculture is now a science. A good
many Of those who have tried it are
convinced rather that II is an art
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

All that the French chamber of
deputies needs to make it complete is
a couple Of goal-posts, some gridiron
markings on the floor and a referee.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

Lady Curzon recently went tiger
hunting and shot one Of the striped
terrors Of the jungle. The name of
the man who held it is not given.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

A Rentuckian l2l years old has just
Joined the church. He has been con-
sidering the subject for more than
100 years, which leads one to believe
u at his conversion Ia sincere.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

1t is said that Coney Islard may be
wiped out by the sea before many
years. Religious circles will not put
on mourning al this intelligence.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

Bishop Potter speaks of the saloon
as the poor mans club. Thanks,
Bishop, that gives us ecclesiastical
authority.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

Farmers will do well to giys the
question Of fuel for the future some
consideration. The wood lot should
be carefully looked after.
The Holly chieftain., 1903-01-02

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Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-02-13
Seashore in Winter.
le Boston Transcript.

4 rom the Boston Transcript.
The sea on wintry Sundays gives up vast
wealth of beauty to him who in hardihood
ventures forth upon the rocky shore. Leave
the bowed strip of sand and shingle hat
binds Nahant to the mainland in favor of
the exhilarating scramble along the cliffs
Of the north side, past Johns Peril and the
living waters of Maolis to sonorous Spout
ing Horn. comedy of rebuttal is on, for
the waves impelled by the imperious north
easter to their task of cold ablution with
swelling front approach the gates of the
Horn, enter and are rejected, magno cum
murmure months. And the spray, as 1t
rises, catches a momentary CLINT, an opal
escent CLEAN from the gray sunlight-gems
these of ray serene borne out Of one of the
caves of ocean.
But the less spectacular, perhaps, pleases.
Half a hundred steps carry to the tiny
pebbly stretch Of Bass Beach, against
which break waves Of the ebbing tide, their
hollows full of the afternoon light. which
still Is strong enough to reveal the swaying
gray-green bottom. Beyond the nearby
waves the color shades off rapidly to
rare purple, the hue almost of newly
crushed grapes; so that Homer's wine
colored deep seems to be reproduced In ths
waters of bleak Massachusetts bay, and
wilder yet, where a crag juts out lateraty
from the strand and casts undulating re-
Elections, we see the outer edge Of these
and colorless as against the sky,
discerned in the mirror of the sea: but,
within the mass, that penetrating green
that nature loves to juxtapose to violet.
Color is here riotous. The very pebbles OF
the beach carry abundance Of 1t, polished
bits of .pOrphyry, jasper, epidote and rose
quartz, dripping from the receding tide.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-02-13
Health of School Children.

From American Medicine.
At joint meeting of school superintend-
ents and the state board of health in Ohio.
the question of overstudy was a topic I'M
der discussion. The superintendent APP
peared to take the position that there was
no such overworkng of the pupils. The
superintendent of public schools Of Cincin-
natl said:
'.It Is not mental activity that hurts. It IL
the foul air, the bad seat the unequal heat
ing Of the room, the poor lighting. Study
doesn't hurt. A few days ago We had
case of a child not yet ten years old. who
was suffering with headache and seemed to
be unable to give attention to the lessons.
On investigation it was found that the child
had been up four nights until IL O'Clock.
We have thousands OF such cases In
Cincinnati in which the bad eating, bad
hours and irregular sleeping at home pro-
duce these results. But hard work
is what the child needs; not rest. not recre-
alton, not release from task. but infusing
the task with purpose, so that In pur-
suing it the child grows strong in mind as
in body OF course. mental exercise as wei
as physical can be carried to excess. But
the work of the schoolroom which shows q
stultifying process has to do with the for
NAL text book side Of the schooling.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-02-13
The Brittany Famine.

Paris Correspondence New York Tribune.
Brittany, that rugged, somber, pictur-
esque corner of France. which in the twen-
tieth century still retains the ignorance.
bigotry, baekwardness. but withal simple
perseverance. and logged courage of the
middle ages, is in the throes Of a famine re-
sembling those which occurred periodically
in the same region in the days Of Anne de
Bretagne or of the crusades. The primary
cause Of the disaster is the fairure Of the
sardine fishery. which has brought over
hundred thousand Bretons to the verge of
starvation. The privation is intensified by
the meager crops of potatoes, wheat and
buckwheat, owing to the religious disturb
ances last summer. when the peasantry, in
stead of sowing the winter crops, were up
in arms with ptchforks and rusty firelocks
absorbed by the quiXotic task of protecting
the sisters of mercy from expulsion under
the law Of the associations. voted by tho
chamber of deputies.
The leading Partisan newspapers have
opened subscriptions, that of the "Gauiois
having in three days raised $4,000, the
Figaro" $4,000 and the Temps S6,uO0
and these amounts promise to be soon
tripled or quadrupled. Scores of special cor
respondents have been dispatched to the
suffering province. and a veritable search
light has thus been cast upon the peasantry,
and a picture is presented so vastly differ
ent from anything existing in the United
States that summary of the social condi-
ton of the benighted and unfortunate pop
ulation of Brittany is of humanitarian in
tereSt,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-02-13
Some Needed Inventions.

From the Atlanta Journal.
Have you an inventive mind? If so, you
have a fortune in your head-if you only
know how to get it out. A great many peO-
pie have inventive genius, in way but
seem unable to fix their minds on anything
definite. They do not know what is needed;
what has already been invented They
waste their time jumping from one idea to
another.
We all realize that the field Of invention
is the richest Of any and that it is open to
all. Fortunes lie in wait for the man or
woman who finds out what the world needs
and digs it up.
For the benefit of those people who have
inventive genius and who want but a sug-
pose, let us present the following list of
things that the world now needs. Do not
imagine, however, that none of these things
have been attempted, for they have; but
so far, the perfect idea has not been
evolved. Therefore, the field is still open.
Here's your chance. Here are fourteen
things the world needs, for either one Of
which it will pay you fortune:
A wall papering machine.
A quick-acting monkeywrench.
A rail joint without nuts and bolts.
A scrubbing machine
A cuSpidor that will not spill when upset.
A trolley that viii not come off the wire.
An oil can that will not explode.
A quick fire hose coupling without screw
threads.
Combination ironing board and stepladder.
A music leaf turner.
A window lock and burglar alarm.
An envelope that cannot be opened with
out detection.
A simple nut lock.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-02-13
Health Day.
From the New York Sun.

From the New York Sun.
A new entry in the thick book OF days
and holidays. A genius in the Utah legis-
lature has devised a bill to establish an IAN
nual "health day." whereon the whole COM
munity shall be washed, secured and scrub
bed; all private and public buildings disn-
fected, swept. busted garnished. In short.
a state cleaning day. feast Of the germi-
cides. publication ceremony and parade
of brooms and mops. The idea few on
swift wings from Salt Lake to Springfield.
Ill. and Chicago State Senator Berry Ii
framing bill for an Illinois health day.
Divers Chicago aldermen ARE vying Tor
the mater before the city council" Alder
man AIling is In transports oyer the new
day which he regards as "a good eduoa-
tion."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-02-13
MUNICIPAL GAS PLANTS.
Satisfactory Results of Experiments
by Glasgow and Other Places.

FROM the chicago Record Herald.
The decision of the council to memorabilia
the legislature in favor of law that will
Permit the municipal ownership of gas and
electric light plants must renew interest in
ventures of the sort that have been made
elsewhere. and suggests relation of the
experiences of the three great British mu-
inequalities of Glasgow. Birmingham and
Manchester.
Glasgow took over the property of private
companies in 1859 and agreed to pay interest
on the share capital of f415.C0o. partly at
the rate of per cent and partly at the rate
of so per cent. This involved large an
nual outgo for annuities or dividends to the
shareholders, the charges being more than
$4,000 in 1900. or something IN excess OF
$163,000. Since the inception of the business
the city has also raised fI66,J0 by loans,
which draw interest at between 3 and per
cent and its total expenditure on the works
comes to nearly 81, eco 0GO.
Under the old companies the charge for
gas was As I'd, or about S1.10 per thousand.
1t was IS I'd. or about 81 cents. in 1900, and
while that rate is not absolutely fixed. the
charges never exceed 1t by more than a few
pence. The reduction should be borne in
mind, of course, when the entire results of
the enterprise are considered.
In 1900 over 1908, 5000 cubic feet of gas
were sold in Ola sgow and to adjacent towns
nearly $1,000 stoves were rented to the peo-
pie by the corporation, about 1,500 gas
heating and cooking appliances were sold,
and there was heavy business not only
IN gas but in coke and other by products.
The total revenue was f770002 or about
So, 1000 the principal items being: Gas,
S2,SOoOO0; ammoniacai liquor, tar. etc.
S5S0,U0; coke, S3fo000. The expenditures
included costs of manufacture, distribution
and management, which amounted to slight
ly more than S3,OOo,0O0, and the difference
between this and the receipts was very
nearly wiped out by allowance for de-
probation, the interest on loans. the an
nuitles, the contribution to the sinking fund
and certain charges under the head of rates,
rents and taxes.
There were no profits to divide, but the
people were getting their gas at half the
old price and the plant was paying for it
self. In Birmingham, where the sales were
about the same, there was a profit of nearly
$4,000, roughly speaking, $145,O00, after
paying interest and sinking fund charges.
which went in aid of what is called the i'm
provement rate, while in Manchester the
net profit was nearly $5G0,00 and more
than $3.50. 600 was paid into the city fund
In aid of the rates.
Like the Scotch city, the two English
cities are getting their gas at from 30 to 60
cents, which is much below the price for
merly paid to private companies and at the
same time they are getting profit in the
present and cutting down an Indebtedness.
With the debts paid they can either take
very handsome direct profit or give the pub
lie the benefit of still lower prices.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-02-13
A Gift Combine.
m the Boston Transcript.

Have you heard Of the combine system
in making wedding presents? 1t seems a
fair proposition from many standpoints.
and If the recipients don't care fig about
having each gift bear personal note from
it's giver. then there's no fault to be found
with the plan from any side. Apparently
the custom set in as a result of the con-
Stunning desire that dweils in many minds
to possess an automobile. Seeing how i1,-
possible 1t Is in majority of cases for one
person to give even an intimate friend a
horseless affair, some enc with great ex-
ecutive ability conceived the idea OF ieyylng
on large circle for the creation Of we'd
ding automobile fund.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-02-13
Weapons of Death.
m the DietetIc and HYGIENE Gazette.

FROM the D1etetic ana dygfen1c Gazette
The fifteen principal causes of death. with
the rate per 100000, as made public by the
census bureau, are as follows: Pneumonia,
1919: consumption. 1918; heart disease. 1874;
diarrhoeal diseases, 85.1; kidney diseases,
SS7: apoplexy, 666; cancer, GO: old age. 54;
bronchitis, 48.3; cholera infantum 47.8:
debility. ASS; Inflammation of brain and
meninge, Al 8; dipitherfa, 34.4; typhoid, S3.3
and premature birth. 1871. Death from all
principal causes shows decrease since
1890. the most notable being consumption,
which shows decrease Of $40 per 100000.