davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1903-01-02

Gloucester, Mass, Dec. 30.-Advices
from st. Pierre, MIG, report the loss
from the fishing schooner Theodore
Roosevelt of two Of her crew, William
Johnson and Joseph Brennan, WHO
strayed away from the vessel on the
banks. The Roosevelt was on tresn
halihut trip.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1903-01-02
New Maine In Commission

Philadelphia, Dec. 30-The new bat
tleship Maine was placed in commits,
sion at the League Island navy yart
yesterday. She was turned over Il
Captain Leutze, who will command her
She was built to take the place OF tn,
famous Maine, blown up in Havana
harbor. Her full complement OF me-
will be $50.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1903-01-02
No Further Investigation

North Adams, Mass, Dec. 26.-The
local authorities who have been in
vestigating the sending of poisoned
candy to Mrs. c. n. Beers of this city
have come to the conclusion that the
case hardly warrants further investiGa-
ton. The candy was so thickIy COW
cred with the poison powder that it
could hardly deceive any one.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1903-01-02
Eight Killed-No One to Blame

Trinidad, Col, Dec. 30.-The jury
which held an inquest over the bodies
Of eight men killed in the collision be-
tween freight trains on the Colorado
and Southern railroad last Wednesday
night declared yesterday that it was
unable to attach blame TO any one.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1903-01-02
NAVY yard Tug Sent to Bottom

Portsmouth, N. H., Dec. 29.-Ihe
government navy yard tug Sioux was
sunk at the navy yard dock Saturday
night by collision with coal barge,
the crew barely escaping with their
lives, but losing all their personal cf-
fects. Tie barge struck the tug on the
Ufda
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1903-01-02
wirsless Experiments Continue

Glace Bay, N. s., Dec. 29.-The Mar
conf station at Glace Bay continues to
maintain daily communication with
Cornwall, with constantly increasing
efficiency and facility. Marconl will
leave shortly for the Cape Cod station.
Ec is sending two or three messages to
T,Irona daily
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1903-01-02
Used Knife ON Brother

Maiden, Mass, Dec. 26.-EdWard
Mahoney of Boston was arraigned here
yesterday, charged with assault with
intent to kill upon his brother, Timothy,
at Wakefield, and was ordered to recog-
nize in the sum of $4,000 for further
hearing. Timothy has several knife
wounds, two penetrating lung.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1903-01-02
Tusntv.EIght Were KILLED

London, Ont, Dec. 29.-There were
no deaths yesterday among the persons
injured in Friday nights collisions at
Wanstead, in which % persons lost
their lives. While several of the In
iured are still in a serious condition II
is expected that all will recover.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1903-01-02
r--....,on az GniIt

Brussels, Dec. 29.-The Petit biea
has nublished NJ. Giron's own story OF
his relations with the Crown f .iI -
Of snxony in which he admits ~
maternity Of her sixth child.
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1903-01-02
Ixncb.d Roth to Make sure

! Greenwood, S. c., Dec. 29.-W. K.
a young farmer, was murdered In
own yard by a negro, Oliver Wide
III MS, or mis- wife, both of them living
% the place. Both of the negroes were
Iynched By Jays Infatuated neishbors
The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1903-01-02
THOUSANDS FELL
Pretender to Moorish Throne
Routs Imperial Army
LATTER FLED IN DISORDER

LATTER FLED IN DISORDER
Rebels Marching on Fee, Where Pop
uIation Will Remain Loyal Only as
Long as Sultan Can Protect and
Feed Them-Civil War Impending
Tangier, Morocco, Dec 29.-On Dec.
~, 10000 Shereefan troops, commanded
by brother of the sultan's minister OF
war. received orders to concentrate ana
take the offensive against the pretender
at Taxa. Before the Sheeferiars
moved upon him the pretender attacked
them with large bodies of cavalry, Tie
imperial army was surrounded, COM
pletely routed and fled in disorder
toward Fee, abandoning all material of
war. The first fugitives arrived at Fee
oil the morning of Dec. "a.
The gates of Fee are at present shut,
shops are closed and the popula ton is
excited, but there has been no disorder.
The European colony of Fee, numbering
about 20 persons, is taking no steps to
leave the town, although the situation
is regarded as serious 1t is said that
the pretender's followers have re-
ceived numerous additions since his
nd snn &c al Ju tinf in n
with the tribes of the Wedmaweb
valley.
The population of Fee is said to be
generally hostile to the sultan and
ready to acclaim any pretender who will
guarantee the town from pillage.
No details of the imperial losses have
yet been received here, hut it is ru-
mored that 1000 of the sultan's soldiers
were killed or wounded. The au-
tIIorities here are trying to minimize the
disaster. 1t is declared that section
| of the imperial troops sent as rein
forcements deserted to the rebels anC
aided in driving the loyal troops back
to Fee.
London, Dec. 29-In a dispatch fron
Fee, the correspondent of The Time.
says he believes the situation to bt
critical. 81 have rea sons to doubt thu
loyalty of the inhabitants of Fez," say,
the correspondent. Both the govern
ment and the Europeans here ridicult
my apprehensions of an acute crisis art
my estimate of the pretender's strength
/ am leaving Fee Immediately"
The Times publishes also a dispatch
ksrom Tangier, dated Dec. 81, in which
he correspondent says:
- got away from Fez just in time
Eed here this morning with til,
ws of the disaster. The rebels
ktR3be marching on Fee
elf defense for more
a supply or pro
gheN population will re-
gS5nfy as long as the suItnn
eect and feed them. A few days
means starvation. The sultan
kttempt to escape, but In that case
will acknowledge the pretenders.
: rhe sultan's troops were disastrously
| routed the remnant fed to Fee, ahan-
doning everything, artillery, tents.
rifles, ammunition, money and stores.
Practically the whole army was routed
as Comparatively very few troops were
left in Fee. The road from Fee to
Tangier is open and safe at present, but
the pretenders prestige will receive an
enormous stimulus and loyal tribes will
join his cause. If the sultan escapes
or can defend Fee the south will support
him, in which case civil war is in
eritable."
Mr.. Harris, the correspondent Of The
Times at Fee, is said to be confidential
adviser of the Sultan of Morocco.
I...s.an Ia
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
WANTS HUSBAND TO BATTLE.
Ger to Compel Cleanliness on
Part of Her Husband.

Health Commissioner Bosley, Of Bal
timore. Nd, received letter the other
day from woman residing uptown in
q desirable section, in which the COM
missioner was requested to come in
person or send trusted representative
to her house.
A health warden was met by the let
ter writer, who coolly informed him
that she wanted him to compel her
husband to take a bath. She said he
had not washed himself in six months,
and had not changed his clothing in
two. The warden was at loss what
course to pursue, SO he called up the
commissioner and acquainted him with
the facts. The latter advised that he
scare the man by suggesting that he
would contract contagious disease If
he did not clean himself.
The warden carried out instructions.
He used his most persuasive powers,
but met with no more success than did
the mans wife. The warden finally
gave it up, and the commissioner is at
loss what course to pursue. He says
he is going to consult the legal depart
ment.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
PROBATE NOTICE

PROBATE NOTICE.
STATE OF MINNESOTA. COUNTY OF
Hcnnerin Probate Court
In the Matter OF Proving the Alleged
Last VIII and Testament of Michael
Sheehan Deceased
WHEREAS. Bridget Sheehan. of the
county OF Hennepin and State OF Minne-
sofa. has delivered to the Probate Court
OF the County OF Hennepin. an instru-
men, IN writing purporting to be the last
WIN and Testament OF Michael Sb4ehan
late OF said County and State. deceased.
and filed Herewith her petition to said
Probat" Court praying that the said in
str'lment may be proved and admitted to
frohate. and that letters testamentary
he GRANTED thereon to said petitioner.
~ is ORDERED. That said petition Ia
heard and pi oofs OF said alleged WIN be
taken at a Special term OF this Court to
he held at the Court House, In the CITY
OF Minneapolis. in said County, on Mon
day, the Bird day of February, ly,3 al ia
CLOCK IN the forenoon. when all persona
interested may appear for or contest the
PROBATE OF It: and that notice OF such
nearing he given to all persons Interested.
by publishing this order once In each
week Tor three successive weeks prior ia
SAID day Of hearing. in the Irish Standard.
newspaper printed and published ia
said County. ~
Dated at Minneapolis. this 2sth dav Of
January, 1903.
BY the Court:
F. c. HARVEY,
Judge Of Probate.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
SUMMONS

CU NJ NUNS.
STATE or MINNESOTA. COUNTY
OF Hennepin. District Court, Fourth
judicial District.
NELS O. LENNES, Plaintiff.
VI.
BERTHA LENNES. Defenda n
THE STATE OF MINNESOTA TO
THE ABOVE NAMED DEFEND
ANT:
Yon are hereby summoned and re-
'luirpd to answer the complaint OF the
plaintiff in the above entitled action,
which said complaint has been fled In
the office Of the Clerk Of the District
Court, in the City OF Mlnneap polls, IN
said County Of Hennepin and State Of
Minnesota, and to serve copy of yOuH
answer to the said complaint upon the
subscriber at his office In the City Of
Minneapolis, in the County of Henle-
pin and State Of Minnesota. wtthtu
thirty go, days after the service Of
this summons upon you, exclusive Of
the day Of such service; and II you faa
TO answer the said complaint within
the time aforesaid, the plaintiff will
apply to the Court for the relief Dc.
nlanied In the complaint herein.
Dated January 18th. 1913.
T. A. GARRlTY,
Attorney for Plaintiff.
8OO-3tl1 The Phoenix,
Minneapolis, MINI.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
A Fatal Accident.

Pueblo, COL, Feb. 1o.-By molten
metal from ladle which tipped over
one man was killed, three fatally and
four badly injured, among the latter
being Thomas Grove, superintendent
of converters at Minnequa Steel plant,
where the accident happened, was pain
fully but not dangerously burned. He
saved himself by dropping on his face.
The accident was caused by the chain
of the ladle breaking. But little
metal spilled on the men and their in
juries consist largely Of inhaling gas.
Crew Rescued from Sinking Steam er.
Queenstown, Feb. 1.-THE British
bark Crown of Germany. from San
Francisco for this port, arrived Tues
day and landed 80 of the crew of the
Belgian steamer Maskelyne, Capt.
Tanner, from New Orleans and New
port News for Antwerp. The steam
er was abandoned In q sinking condi.
ton on January 81.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
GHOULS MAY GO FREE.
Alleged Insanity of Cantrell May
Prevent Conviction DR..
Alexander on stand

Indianapolis, Ind, Feb 11.-Will the
members of the grave-robbing gang to
be tried after DR.. Alexander's trial
is finished escape punishment because
OF Rufus Can,rell's alleged insanity?
This is question that is causing no
END OF comment among lawyers. At
torneys say the negro can be set at lib
erty or else confined in an insane asy-
lnm. Experts on mental disorders
testified that Cantrell was insane.
The other grave robbers confined in
the Jail, it is said. might have good
chance for freedom, as the only evil
dence against them would be Can
trells testimony.
DIR. Alexander took the witness
stand Tuesday. He appeared pale,
but not i'll at ease. and he spoke in a
low but clear tone. He was graduated
March 25, 1898. from the Indiana coll
lege and opened an Office in this city.
DR.. Alexander testified that he tend
ed bar and kept the books for time
in his uncle's saloon. He was arrest
ed at one time while in the saloon
business, he said, on the charge of SELL
ing liquor "after hours" but he was
acquitted. He was married in 1897.
DR.. Alexander said that he often
went to the board of health office to
get list of the deaths at hospitals and
public institutions. He denied that he
had bought tools and revolvers for
Cantrell. He advanced money on q
ring which Cantrell bought on pay
ments. He admitted he paid Cantrell's
fine in the police court. DR.. Alexander
denied that he knew Cantrell was q
grave robber, or that he had ever heard
Of his being in the body-snatching busi-
ness. All told, the witness said, Cam
trell furnished seven bodies to the
Central college. He said he did not
know there had been graves robbed
until claim was made for bodies at
the college. He said as the result Of
the notoriety he had obtained as tho
result of the grave robbing scandal his
practice had almost left him.
The evidence in the case of DR.. Alex
ander was all submitted to the Jury
Tuesday. This morning Charles Bene-
dict, deputy prosecutor, will make tho
opening argument for the prosecution
and will be followed by Prosecutor
Kuckelshaus. Martin Hugg will then
speak for the defense. 1t is expected
that these arguments will occupy the
entire day. Mr.. Span will make his
argument Thursday morning, and Mr..
Brown will close the case. 1t is ex-
pected that the case win go to the jury
Thursday afternoon.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
CONDEMNS THE UNION.
Attorney for Nonunlon Miners Ar.
cues before Strike Commission
-Daer an Attentive Listener.

Philadelphia, Feb. 1.-THE United
Mine Workers of America us an organ
ization was severely scored Tuesday
by counsel before the anthracite coal
commission. The nonunion men,
through their attorney, John L. Lena
han, presented their side of the contro-
versy and demanded consideration ut
the hands of the commission, claiming
the legal right to earn livelihood as
they might elect, without the consent
or dictation of the union. During his
presentation of the case Mr.. Lenahan
denounced the union as fomentcr of
crime and anarchy. The main feature
of his argument was the claim that the
union had no legal or moral right to
coerce miners into membership or to
arrogate to itself the authority to fix
the wages of mine workers.
James II. Torrey, counsel for the
Delaware & Hudson company, claimed
that the question of recognition of the
union was not an issue before the COM
time to the consideration of that de-
mand. He asserted that violence and
intimidation were agencies selected
for the promotion Of the purposes of
the mine workers. Regarding the de-
mand for an eight-hour working day,
Mr.. Torrey said the evidence showed
that for various reasons the breakers
did not average more than eight hours
day. SO that the physical effects of
long hours were not felt.
Maj. Everett Warren, counsel for the
Hillside Coal &. Iron company and the
Pennsylvania Coal company answered
the demands of the miners in detail and
declared the socialistic theories of the
union, or some of it's leaders. TO be re-
sponsible for unreasonable claims.
President Baer was an attentive listen
er to the arguments.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
SUMMONS

STATE OF MINNESOTA. cOrJN-
TY OF Hennepin. District Court.
Fourth Judicial District.
Bertha M. Hall, Plaintiff
~, LINER ). Hall. Defendant.
The State OF Minnesota to the Above
Named Defendant:
You are hereby summoned and re-
CURED to answer the complaint Of tho
plaintiff in the above entitled action.
which complaint has been filed in the
office OF the Clerk Of said Court, and
to serve a copy OF your answer to the
said complaint on the subscriber at his
office i'll the City OF Minneapolis. said
County and State. within thirty (3o)
days after service OF this summons
upon you, exclusive OF the day OF such
service; and. if you fail to answer the
said complaint within the time afore-
said. the plaintiff within this action will
apply to said Court for the relief de-
manded in said complaint.
JOHN A. LARIMORE,
Plaintiffs Attorney,
1914 Loan & Trust Building.
Minneapolis, Minnesota.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
HEAVY FORGERY.
Checks for s5b 900, Bearing J. r. Nor.
gan's Signature. Paid by Lon-
don hank, Repudlated.

London, Feb. Ill. Pierpont Nor.
gan's name has been extensively used
in a series of forgeries here. Ono
London bank cashed two checks ap.
parently signed by the New York
banker and calling for s5s.0o0. They
were repudiated by Mr.. Morgan as
being forgeries. The checks had
been accepted by dealers in works Of
art and bric-a-brac. 1t Is asserted
that there is number of similar
forgeries afloat in London.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
LEGAL DIRECTORY.
PARTIAL LIST OF RELIABLE At
TORNEYS OF MINNEAPOLIS. WITH
LOCATION OF OFFICES.

PARTIAL OF nClIlAbAB Ar
TORNEYs OF MINNEAPOLIS. WITH
LOCATION OF OFFICES.
Abel, Acc p. 1890 Bank Of Com. Bldg.
Arctander. Ludwig. N. Y. Life Bldg.
Ankeny. A. r.. 6O2 Globe Bldg.
Bates. w. E.. I'll Sykes Block.
Bleecker, Geo. NJ. 33l Boston Block
Brady. M. c.. Temple Court
Brice, A. L., N. Y. Life Bldg.
Canty. ThOs., 4l6 Guaranty Loan.
Corrigan. ]. R., Suite 400. N. 7. LIE
Bldg.
Davenport & THAN. Phoenix Bldg.
Darelius. A. B., 93 N. Y. Life Bldg.
Donahue, w. H., GA Phoenix Bldg.
Forth. Geo. f.. 402 Globe Bldg.
Fiield. Fletcher & Fifeld, % Lum1lr
Exchange.
Gallagher. Chris A.. Guaranty Loan
Bldg.
Gjertsen. Rand & Lund. Ills N. Y. Lie
Bldg.
Hertig. Wendell. N. Y. Life Bldg.
Hobbs. F. E.. 256 Temple Court
John Lind & A. LELAND. NY. Life Bldg.
I.eary, w. c.. Andrus Bldg.
Munro. Weed, Loan & Trust Bldg.
Mahoney. Stephen. soc Guar. Loan Bldg.
McHale, John j.. 1880 Blk. Com. BLDG.
Nye. Frank NJ, Guaranty Bldg.
O'Brien. ]. E., 418 Phoenix Bldg.
Pilsram. w. II. H.. 6lb Temple CourS
Riordan. Phil J.. Oneida Block.
Smith. Geo. R., 60 Boston Block.
Steele. John H.. no Phoenix Bldg.
Young. H. w., 4o2 Globe Bldg.
Van Fossen, L. J., $50 Guaranty Loan
WEIGH & Hubachek, Phoenix Bldg.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
hliM MONS.

SUMMONS.
STATE OF MINNESOTA, COUNTY OF
Hennepin. District Court. Fourth JUDI
cial District.
Fredericka Thorsen. Plaintiff, Vs. John
Thorsen. Defendant.
The State Of Minnesota to tho above
named Defendant:
You are hereby summoned and REQUIRED
to answer the complaint Of the plain-
tiff In the above entitled action, which
complaint has been filed in the Office
OF the Clerk Of said District Court,
at the City of Minneapolis, County
OF Hennepin. In said State of Min
nesota, and to serve a copy of your
answer to said complaint on the sub
scriber at his Office in the city of Minne-
apolis. In the said County of Henneptn.
within thirty days after service of this
summons upon you. exclusive of the day
or such service and II you fail to answer
the said complaint within the time afore-
said. the plaintiff In this action will ap-
ply to the Court for the relief demanded
In said complaint together with tho costs
and disbursements Of this action
Dated November PATH A. D.. 1902
CHRIS. A. GALLAGHER,
Attorney for Plaintin,
41S Guaranty Loan Building,
Minneapolis. MINI.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14

There are times When am tempt-
ed to doubt the existence of the
boosted New England hospitality"
said Senator Hoar.
when l was at home in Massachu-
sets the last time, l dined with
farmer friend of mine whom l have
known for years. They had turkey.
1t was excellent and l ate heartily.
john l said. this turkey will
make fine hash tomorrow
Ives, George. it WILL he replied,
provided you leave Off now"
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
AGED Journalist Dies.

Oskaloosa, Kan, Feb. l0.-Al. Patrick,
one of the first editors of the Louis.
vile Courier-Journal, is dead here,
aged 80 years. Mr.. Patrick was q
"forty-niner," having made the first
rush to California. He had published
papers at Oskaloosa and Valley Falls.
Kan. Patrick's death was sudden.
When his sister. Mrs. S. S. Cooper, wen,
TO her brothers. house and looked a
moment at the body she fell to the
door paralyzed on one side and uncon-
scious. She died within few hours.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
say Hypnotisn 10 Worthless,

The commission of experts in men
tai diseases appointed by the min
istry of education at Berlin to inves-
tigate the healing value of hypnotism
reports that it is essentially worth
iess The report declares hypnotism
cannot produce organic changes nor
cure epilepsy nor hysteria. but can
be used helpfully in some instances
by removing symptoms through sug-
gestion. Hypnotic suggestion, how
ever. may intensity disease when lay
men apply it, who do not know wher
to use it and when not to do so.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
Charged with wife murder,

St. Louis, Feb. 12.-John Passoman,
Z butcher of East St. Louis, is under ar
rest on the charge Of killing his wife,
who died Wednesday as the result of q
wound inflicted with rife Tuesday
sight. After shooting his wife Passo-
man, who declares it was accidental, at
tempted to commit suicide, but wae
only slightly wounded.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
Steamer Sunk in Collision.

London, Feb. 1.-THE steamer
Watchful, of Liverpool, Tuesday sank
the steamer Arthur. of Cardiff, in a
collision off Barry. Most of the crew
of the Arthur were asleep at the time
of the accident, but eight of the men
were saved. Five others were lost.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
Not True,

Nyon, Switzerland, Feb. 1.-THE
report that the former crown prin-
cess OF Saxony has attempted to
commit suicide is untrue. Her health
is as good as possible, considering
her delicate condition and the grief
caused by recent events.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
Pleads Guilty.

Cleveland. O., Feb. 11.-Nathaniel
Miller. the connterfeiter who was
captured near Canton few days
ago. was arraigned before United
States Circuit Court Judge Wing
Monday. Miller pleaded guilty to the
charge of counterfeiting and was
sentenced to the penitentiary for
three wears
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
Pretender Q Prisoner.

Paris. Feb. IA dispatch from Tan
giers says the Moorish pretender, Blu
Hamara. is a prisoner in the hands Of
the Rata tribesmen. who have offered
to sell him to the sultan. Ell Nenebhi.
the Moorish minister of war. is now
negotiating with the Rata tribe. and it
fs believed that the pretender will be
brought to Fee.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
Killed His Father
Mating Plant burned,

Oswego, N. Y. Feb. 11.-Fire COM
pletely destroyed the plant Of the
Ontario Mating company. owned by
Elliott B. Mott, Of Oswego, and Will
lam A. Waite, of Adams. Fully 100,-
600 bushels of grain was destroyed
and the loss will aggregate 100000.
which is covered by insurance.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
Vice Couaul Smith Dead

Genoa. Feb. 11.-Hubbard T. Smith,
United States vice consul general at
Cairo, who had been in hospital
here for some time past, suffering
from cancer Of the kidneys, died
Tuesday morning.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
Australia,s wheat Harvest,

Adelaide, South Australia. Feb. H.
It is officially estimated that the wheat
harvest of South Australia will amount
TO an average of six bushels per acre
and that the exportable surplus will
total 130.530 tons.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
PREPARING FOR TROUBLE.
Russia Takes Precautionary Meas
ures Regarding Threatened
Clash in the balkans

London, Feb. lit is announced
in dispatch to a news agency from
St. Petersburg that all the officers
Of the Russian army reserves have
been notified to hold themselves in
readiness to rejoin their regiments in
"a hours, in the event of mobilization
orders being issued. The measure,
it is added, appears to be connected
with fears of trouble in the Balkans.
The Irish standard., 1903-02-14
All Were Saved.

Hamilton, Bermuda, Feb. 1.-THE
Quebec Steamship company's steamer
Madiana, Capt. Fraser, which sailed
from New York last Saturday with O
party of eXcursionists for a special
cruise around the Caribbean islands,
at three o'clock Tuesday morning. The
passengers had thrilling experience.
The ship is total loss, but all on board
were rescued and brought safely to
land after perilous trip in lifcboats
from the wreck to tug standing mile
off. The mails and the passengers bag,
gage also were saved.