The sun., 1903-03-29
,YW ,sYsW THEORY OF MANS ORIGIN.
DIR. NORMAN or YALE on OUR
DESCENT FROM APES.

bic Life Originated ~ the North Pole.
ana That Apes Trapped In Southern
Euroue or Asia by the Advance OF the
Glacial sheet Had Either 70 Develop /
New Characteristics Or to Die--Facts
He Has Collected TO Prove His Theory. |
SEw HAVEN, March 2s.-A new theory |
Of the origin Of the human family u shortly |
TO be advanced In the American Journal
OF Science by DR.. ]. L. Workman OF Yale
University. Briefly, II 10 that man was
evolved from some form OF the higher
amos that we're trapped In the present
southern attitudes Of either Europe OF Asia
by the advance Of the slacial sheet. and
we're forced either to exert themselves to
survive the change In their surroundings
and food or TO die. DR.. Workman has
been formulating this theory during twenty
FIVE years Of study OF fossil vertebrates.
and he believes that II is the most logical
solution OF the much-discussed question AZ
to where and why man originated.
DR.. Workman has been exploring the
fossil beds of this country for number
of years In association with the late Proi'
o. c. Marsh of Yale and other paleontoio-
gists. He was for some years connected
with the American Museum OF Natural
History In New York. For the last three
years he has been studying the immense
collection at Yale made by Prof. Marsh
and II Is the result Of his studies oil tho
fossils belonging TO the monkey family IN
this collection that he Is now to make
public.
The following brief synopsis Of DR.. Wort
mans new statement OF the problem oi
mans descent IL made from the advance
sheets of the American Journal OF Science,
with his approval.
The current teaching as to the origin and
later distribution OF most forms OF higher
animal life on the earth is that the ancestors
of most present mammals originated IN
the present hot regions Of the earth and
we're distributed to the temperate and
irigid regions by emigration. As to man
the college textbooks on anthropology
leach that a similar course was pursued;
E,at man evolved from a certain type OF
higher ape somewhere in the present hot
attitudes, possibly Java or the now sunken
i,do- African continent. and that the re-
mains Of primitive man found in other
PARTS Of the globe were those Of the earliest
immigrants from this equatorial cradle of
the race.
Discussion has ragged back and forth
over this question for years. and It was only
krely in the pages of a monthly magazine
s..at one scientist proposed the theory
that there was good evidence that man
ORIGINATED on the American continent al
well as In the East.
DR.. Workman. in treating the problem
in the light OF his own Investigations, con-
tends that all Of these theories are In error
and that, In evading the question as TO
why man originated at all they all beg the
QUESTION at the start.
Man. DR.. Workman says, must have
had some reason for his rise, some I'M
pelling fosce or influence must have beer
present to produce this amazing develop
ment of the simple mind OF the ape to tn
mental stature Of even barbarlc man. Their
is such a wide divergence In intellectual
attainment between even the highest ap
and the lowest man that any hypothesi
that advances a gradual evolution seem
IN be weak because 1t offers no reason 70
the evolution.
The intellectual awakening which mus
have been the fundamental reason for hi
evolution could not have come withou
some remarkable change in mans en-
yironment at the probable time OF his de
velopment. Such remarkable chang
must certainly be supposed il any logics
history Of the evolution OF man is to b
written.
As II happens. II is not necessary {
suppose this. as we have the unassailabl
facts with which actually to state II. /
nv opinion such a cause il TO be founc
clearly and incontestably. in tho atteste
data OF geology itself.
This is the fact that the glacial epoc
gradually came on. driving the tropics
vegetation and MAMMAL life from the mort
southward. As the only well-attested n
mains of primitive anthropoids have bee
found In Europe and Asia, the case seem
we'll established that IL was somewher
In these localities that man received h
start.
.Causht between the impossible wats
barrier on the one hand and the equal
impassable barrier Of advancing cold an
retreating tropical environment on u
other. mans forerunners found themselvt
in a predicamen,. Their only recour'
was migration, and that some of the speci'
succeeied in this Ia fully established |
the presence OF their descendants In Il
tropics to-day.
But many species were virtually 'trappe
in theee pepinsu!as, and IL Is not only 20
sible. but highly probable. that these specl
either succumbed to the advancing col
or were rapidly modified to meet the e
irencies OF the new conditions. In III
category ] place the ancestors OF man..
As preliminary proof OF the presence
man's ancestors In these peninsuias
southern Europe or Asia. whence TN
emigrated from the north. DR.. Wortma
In the Journal Of Science, will first advan
the theory that the origin OF most forms
higher mammalian life was In tho nort
In the region now known as the Nor
Pole. now frigid, but In the middle geoioi
cal stages inhabited by a rich tTopie
vegetation and enjoying q tropical olima
The know ledge that the Arctic Cir'
was at one time tropical il not new
science. though IL s a fact that has new
been utilized before In any oomplete h
tory OF the higher animal life. stran
bits OF fossil tropical life came 10 lis
about the middle OF the last century a
then became known TO botanists.
psfore that the presence OF the RENAL
Of fossil vsrtebrates wss well known
TIE northern ATTITUDES. though their pm
snoe there had never produced any unani
ity Of opinion among students ~ 10
AAAtftans IN SrlAnf l0C knnurlQI