The daily morning journal and courier., 1903-06-11

| One very curlOuS ODJect found III l many of the graves is sort of cylin-
 der of copper, so f1uted as to be capa-
 ble of being broken off in pieces of | smaller value. the resemblance of
 which to the Chinese custom of sub- | dividing copper was pointed out by Dr.. Uhle. These copper cylinders were placed in the mouths of the buried to
 pay their way over the stream, and are
 evidences of similarity of human ideas
 at certain stages of development.
 A very curious find was kind of
 chisel made of copper, the top of which was ornamented with design of a man l crucifed on three posts; on the reverse
 side was the representation of the por-
 tions of the hands and feet still fas- 1 tened to the posts, and flock of birds 1 lowering over the remains of the feast Dr. UhIe said: We have at last
 managed to fix the Incasic period We
 know what to assign to that epoch and
 it now remains to classify the periods
 anterior to that This is all themorc | difficult, as each period carries over
 something into succeeding one and
 modifies or adopts it. So that it re- 1 quires much experience to determine
 just what is due to the earliest epoch"
 Specimens of stone work which cover | at least four periods of Incasic civili- | zation have .been unearthed. At Hua-
 machuco there was small pillar like
 stone from Urpi with two rude faces i upon it, which is undoubtedly of very
 great antiquity. At Ucros there was a
 stone head found with carved features,
 which is supposed to be of the Incasic
 period. At Baranchique Dr. Uhle ob-
 tained two sculptured stone heads
 which he believed to have been made i at least one thousand years ago.
 The Valley of Chincha was the chief
 field of Dr. Uhle's explorations, far in
 the interiod of Peru, where things
 have been little disturbed and the
 remains of the older civilization are to be found not very far from the surface
 His main object was the discovery of | material illustrative of the period of
 the Incas and the older culture which
 formerly f1ourished, and upon whose
 ruins the Incasic rule was founded.
 He disemharked at Trutillo. sea- port about five hundred miles north of
 Lima, and started for the western
 slope of the Cordillera of the Andes,
 where it has been known for many years that an ancient civilization had 1 it's seat Here there is high plateau
 which gives an uninterrupted view of 1 the country for fifteen to twenty leagues, thus rendering a surprise by a hostile force impossible so that there was reason enough for the choice of this location by the aboriginal people. Here fortresses were placed, separate 1 structures, each surrounded by high thick walls and dominated by one main | building which still retains it's name in | the title applied by the Indians to the 1 spot, "El Castillo" the stones, the pe- culiar masonry of which has been all
 ready mentioned, being obtained from | the neighboring hills. There are square and round buildings found here, the
 latter with very few entrances and so arranged as to render surprise by a
 hostile force practically impossible.
 i Many ton1bs were discovered, some of | the most remarkable being in the walls of houses which on the outside gave no sign of what was concealed within | them No clue is afforded as to wheth- | CT the interments were made before or after the building of the walls. There
 were from two to eight bodies found | buried in each of such receptaeles.
 Three wells were found in this region,
 and after draining one of these and
 sitting the mud a quantity of blue green and black stone beads and other ornaments. some os stone and some of shell, were unearthed. It is curious fact that the shell of which these orna- l ments are composed is found only in | the tropic seas. between Panama and I the Island of La Plata.
 The period represented by these finds | is probably that immediately antedat- | ing the Inca period, as few remains l which can be called Incasic are discov- l cred hereabouts. But one stone relic representing the head Of a wild bast with feet, head. tusks and eyes, is be- l lieved by Dr. Uhle to be survival of very ancient Pehuvian civilization.
 | The old town of Vivacochapampa be- l longs to different period still, for it is
 situated on the plain instead of on the
 slopes of the hills, and though con- l structed of the same kind of broken stone, as in the other case, bears traces of having been the conception of one
 mind, for it is laid out in an orderly manner in squares, separated by an ] eighteen foot road, which is still in use,
 and the quarries from which the stone
 was dug are still plain to be seen.
 1 A great room is full of the trophies
 which Dr. Uhle has brought back from Peru. Though but comparatively few | Of the objects are so rare and distinc- 1 tive as orender them of surpassing in- l terest to others than the specialist an- | tiquarian, who gets the most delight | out of what appear to the layman to be l the most insignificant objects, the col- | lection is mass of strange and gro- 1 tesque relics with that touch of pathos which always attaches to such things.
 There are great earthenware jars in
 which mummies were placed to keep
 the damp of the ground from them and skulls nnumerable. Dr. Uhle took a
 mummified head from it's covering. 1 The owner of it must have been 8
 great swell in his day. His skull was covered with beautifully woven cap | of black and white straw, the rim of
 which was a band of silver. From the straw depended dropping plumes of the
 most gorgeous feathers, which still
 kept their color unfaded. The expedi-