davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The gold leaf. [volume] (Henderson, N.C.) 1881-1911, 1903-06-25
Knows But Won't Tell.
{ Charlotte Observer

Charlotte Observer.
\ correspondent of the Newport
News (Va.l Times Herald, who signs
himself 81. VI. s." writes it asking:
Can you tell me why women will
occupy the two or three rear seats in
an open car to the exclusion OF
smokers when there are seats va
cant?'
And gets this answer from the edi-
tor:
"NO, sir; we cannot. Wehave made
it Il rule of life never to try to tell
anybody why IL woman does any
thing. We know, OF course, Just why
women take these seats that are the
only ones in the car on which a man
can ride and smoke, but we are not
going to tell. Some people think
women do not know that these rear
seats are reserved for smokers, but
that is wrong Women know it all
right.
"Again, some people think women
take these seats without thinking,
but that is also wrong Women do
not do anything without thinking.
They know these are the only seats
on which smoking is allowed, and
they stop Il car and see four empty
benches at the front and three smok-
ers on each of the last two seats, and
then they crowd right in there, and
when the first and most daring of
the three smokes takes timid puff
they glare around with such an ami
hiliating glance that the poor devil
either jumps off and smokes as he
walks or rams the lighted cigar
down in his pocket and tries to look
pleasant.
eve know why women do this way,
but we won't tell
If the Newport News editor won't
answer his correspondents question,
he will perhaps tell contemporary
| why four women will walk abreast on
Il narrow pavement-SO narrow that
they touch shoulders and then can
hardly keep on it-and compel every
man they meet to get Off in the mud
| or the gutter? We wish he would
suspend his rule of life for a minute
and explain this.
If either of these questions were
asked the Observer it would respond
| with the story about Col. Coke and
Col. Morehead, which it has told be-
fore and with which everybody in
Charlotte is familiar. Col Coke had
Just finished his fine new residence at
| the corner OfTryOn and Ninth streets
and coming uD town one mOrnino
was telling how the evening before his
boys had gone into the basement,
turned the water cocks, and when it
was found what they had done the
basement was waist deep in water
and ruined. Col. Morehead listened
with amazed and indignant interest,
and at the end of the recital exclaim-
ed i'll that impatient, excited man
ner which all who knew him remem-
Der: NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
for? Getting for reply: "What the
hill does a boy do anything for?"
The gold leaf. [volume] (Henderson, N.C.) 1881-1911, 1903-06-25
THE SOURCE OF SATISFACTION
In Fountain Pen Perfection is Found
in Waterman'S "ldeal" Fountain
Pen, the Favorite Writing Instru-


There are fountain pens and fountain pens
but there is but one Ideal" That is Water
mans Fountain Pen and that is the best
fountain pen made. 1t is the favorite among
all users of fountain pens who have tested its
merits 1t is the perfect writing instrument
never failing source of satisfaction
The l.. L. Waterman Co. are the largest
manufacturers OF fountain pens in the world
and their goods are everywhere recognized as
the standard of their class Get Waterman
and you will have the consciousness of know
ing that you have the best that money can
buy.
W. ". Parker, wholesale and ret all druggist
and stationer, is special agent for the Water
man Ideal and has the largest stock of
fountain pens ever carried by Henderson
dealer. He has them in great variety of
styles, sizes and prices, plain and ornamen tai
and can suit your taste, no matter what it is
you want in either ladies or gentlemen s
style. q;
The gold leaf. [volume] (Henderson, N.C.) 1881-1911, 1903-06-25
A Spring and Summer Tonic.

Go to the glorious mountains of Western
North Carolina, the Land of the Sky and
sapphire Country" a natural paradise AT
all times of the year, a pleasant spot, full OF
life: OF color and enjoyment, rich with posi-
bilities for health and recreation. For tenn
perature and climate it is unexcelled. Reached
by the Southern Railway
Write for descriptive book OF Land of the
Sky, mailed free on application to any agent
of the Southern Railway, or Mr. S. H. Hard.
wick, General Passenger Agent, Washington
D. C.
The gold leaf. [volume] (Henderson, N.C.) 1881-1911, 1903-06-25

" A>TED-Several industrious persons
w IN each State to travel for house estab-
lished eleven years and with a large capital,
TO call upon merchants and agents for sue
cessful and profitable line. Permanent en-
gagement, Weekly cash salary $1S and all
travelling expenses and hotel bills advanced
IN cash each week. Experience not essential
Mention reference and enclose self-addressed
envelope. THE NATIONAL 334 Dearborn,
St, Chicago.
The gold leaf. [volume] (Henderson, N.C.) 1881-1911, 1903-06-25

THAT Henderson jury seems to
have been all right and it is a pity
that the Judge could not carry them
around with him.-Durham Herald.
The gold leaf. [volume] (Henderson, N.C.) 1881-1911, 1903-06-25
Improvement of Corn.

W@ Fewer gallons; Wears longer q
The gold leaf. [volume] (Henderson, N.C.) 1881-1911, 1903-06-25
NOTICE.

HAVE QUALIFIED AS ADMINISTRA-
/ trix of the estate of Frank J. Church. de-
ceased before the Clerk of the Superior Court
of Vance county, and this is to notify all
persons holding claims against said estate
to present them to me on or before the 9th
dav of May. 1901, or this notice will be
plead in bar of recovery of same. Persons
indebted to said estate must make immedi-
ate payment.
This 9th May. 1908.
HARRIET ID. CHURCH,
Administrative.
A. c. ZoLLICOFFER, Attorney.
The gold leaf. [volume] (Henderson, N.C.) 1881-1911, 1903-06-25

Before participating in the har-
monium symphonium, hadn't the
Democratic leaders better leave their
bowie knives with the coroner Men,
phiS COmnerriaEADDeaI.
The gold leaf. [volume] (Henderson, N.C.) 1881-1911, 1903-06-25

Wifev-"Even a dog would not
taste tobacco"
Hubby-''Nor would a man kiss a
dog. Trenton advertiser.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
MARTIN IS
ARRESTED
MISSOURI BANDIT TIRES OF BE.
ING HUNTED AND SUR
RENDERS.
is AT LANCASTER, MO.
Was Staying at the Home of His
Father. Who Asked Him TO Give
Himself Up-May be Brought to
Bloomfield to Answer Charges.

bloomfield, Oct. 5.-(Special.)- Dee
Martin, wanted in Iowa and Missouri,
to answer to criminal charges and who
last week led officers from both states
such merry chase through the east
and south portions of Davis county and
northern Missouri, is at length in the
custody of the law. Sheriff N. H. .Shep-
pard, OF this city, received a telephone
message yesterday morning from the
county attorney of Schuyler county,
Missouri, that Martin had been taken
in custody at q late hour Saturday
night at the home of his father, James
Martin, and taken to Lancaster. 1t
appears that Martins capture was
somewhat in the nature of surrender.
Martins father. it seems, knowing of
the search that had been made and
was still being made for his son, and
becoming fearful that the son would
eventually be apprehended, he entreat-
ed him to go to Lancaster and give
himself UP to the officers.
Gave Himself Up.
The son being weary of being hunt
ed, finally yielded to his fathers en-
treaties, and accompanied by Mr. Mar.
tin, senior, he went to Lancaster and
gave himself up. Sheriff Sheppard in
the course of his talk yesterday morn
ing with the county attorney of Schuy.
Ter county. asked that Martin be turn,
ed over to the authorities in this coun
ty to be dealt with according to law
but the county attorney stated that he
thought that charges would be prefer
red against Martin in Schuyler county
| -
not prosecute Martin or be able tc
make ont case against him he would
lsbe turned over to the authorities Mere
Ii is not definitely known here wheth
er the man whose horse was taker
near Memphis desires to have Martir
prosecuted for larceny of his horse OF
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
UNITED STATES WILL MOURN.
Roosevelt Orders Memorial Service
for Sir Michael Herbert.

Washington, Oct. 5.In a memorial
service to be held at st. Johns church
Tuesday at noon, Rev. Roland Cotton
Smith, officiating. the United States
government will honor Sir Michael H.
Herbert, British ambassador to the
United States, who died September 80.
The President, his cabinet and the dip
lomatic corps will attend the service.
Arthur Raikes, first secretary of the
embassy, will receive today by cable
from King Edward an order to be pre-
sent as the kings personal representa-.
tive. This service is without prece-
dent. Sir Michael was the only am
bassador ever accredited to this gov.
ernment who died while absent on
leave. The service was organized by
the state department in accordance
with the wishes of the President, for
years warm personal friend of Sir
Michael.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
MAN WITH GUN AND OTHER
WEAPONS ARRESTED AT
WHITE HOUSE.
ASKEDTO SEE PRESIDENT
When Stopped BY Policeman the In.
truder, Who is Demented, Showed
Fight and Was Iniured-says He is
Peter Elliott OF Minneapolis.

Washington, ID. G. Oct. 5.-A man
who gave his name as Pc
ter Elliott and his home as
Minneapolis, Minnesota, engaged in a
fight with a policeman at the White
House today. Both the policeman and
Elliott were slightly injured and were
taken to a hospital. Earlier in the day
Elliott appeared at the executive Offices
and asked to see the President. He
was mild hammered anu the officials
told him to come back later. Some
time after he appeared at the White
House and while talking to Officer Cas-
sell drew a revolver In the struggle
that ensued he was disarmed.
Loeb Receives Letter.
Elliott is undoubtedly insane. Sew
eral days ago Secretary Loeb receiv-
ed letter postmarked Washington
and written on the letter paper from
the st. James hotel Enclosed was a
photograph OF Elliott and an incoher-
ent request for an interview with
President Roosevelt Loeb, believing
the correspondent insane, issued di-
rections to the White House officers
to be on guard against him.
Approached Roosevelt Sunday.
Yesterday when the President at
tended morning services at Grace Re-
formed church. Elliott appeared near
the entrance to the church and made
an effort to speak to the President but
was foiled by secret service officers.
He quietly left the vicinity at their
request. About 10 o'clock this morn
ing he entered the vestibule of the
executive offices, when his arrest fol
lowed.
Had Shears and Knife.
A pair of shears and large knife
We're found in Elliott's pockets. He
drew a revolver from his pocket
which seemed to be an enlarged watch
fob. At the hospital where his wounds
were dressed, Elliott said ne was a
Swede, 35 years old, an official exam
ination of his mental condition viii
be held soon.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
IMPORTED THIEVES.
Clinton Man is Charged With Engineer
ing Many Robberies.

Clinton, Oct. 5-The trial of the
State VS.. Daniel Murphy, who has
been indicted on q counts for burg
larry. robbery and kindred crimes is
now on at the court house and the at
tendance is SO large that it is necessary
for the sheriff to lock the doors. 1t is
alleged by the state that Daniel Muir
ply has been bringing criminals to
this city for years and locating for
them, places to rob. He is charged
with general conspiracy and the prin-
cipal witness against him is George
b. Burrier, a man aged 35 years, who
was raised near Pennington, this
state, where his mother now resides
Burrier is now serving fifteen yeal
sentence at Fort Madison penitentiary
for robberies committed last winter
He was brought back to Clinton to tes
tify in this case.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
MEMBERS OF FRANKLIN PRESS
FEEDERS UNION REFUSE
TO WORK.
TIE UP MANY SHOPS
seventy-five Big Printing Establish
ments Are Partially Crippled by Ac-
tion of the Men--Women and Girls
Will Be Hired. .

Chicago, Oct 5.-Seventy-fiye big
printing establishments here were par
TALLY crippled today by the refusal of
Feeders union to goto work in house
controlled by the Chicago Typothetae.
Given the choice between forswearing
allegiance to their union and losing the
positions the majority of the feeders
failed to report for work Former mem-
bers of the union who announced that
they had renounced the organization
were allowed to work In many shops
girls We're hired to take the places OF
the union men.
Union Has Fund of $4,000.
The officials of Franklin union claim
they have $4,000 in their treasury and
assert that this money will be spent in
an effort to preserve their organization
intact. AS the pressmen are not in
sympathy with the members of Frank
lin union it was stated last night that
they would probably help the employ.
ers out today by filling in the places
OF the striking feeders.
Advertise for Women.
The members of the Typothetae, the
association OF employers are advertis
ing broadcast for young women te
learn the art OF press feeding. A mum
ber of advertisements similar to the
following appeared in the morning pa
pers yesterday:
WANTED-YOUNG WOMAN TO LEARN
to feed printing presses: wages TO begin
with 81 per week: work light and steady
all the year; bright. clean workroom ir
fireproof building; good opportunity tc
learn u trade.
4 Glove Makers May Strike.
Fifteen hundred glove makers hay,
voted to strike Wednesday becaus
their employers refused they allege, t
pay uniform scale of wages for piece
1 work
The concerns affected are: Manhat
tan Glove Co., G. D. Osborne, Ameri
can Glove Co., Halgren Glove Co.
Chas Mauer, Connolly Bros. & Hall
Hoffman Bros. and several smaller en-
| terprises.
The Eisendrath Glove Co.. will no
be affected as it's agreement does no
run out until November l.
Business Agent Harry Solon report
ed to the Federation of Labor yester
day that the strike would be called
/ but when motion was made to refe
the troubles to the executive board h
4 said that no assistance was needed.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
Disregard Remarks.
MAKES A RECORD.
Clerk of BIack1aWk County Collects
Fees Forty Years Old.

Waterloo, Oct Especially The
record for long time collections was
broken here when the clerk of the
courts the past week collected a fee
and costs in a divorce case in which
the decree was granted Jan. 2, 1868.
The party securing the decree has
since married and reared family AT
the time the case was in court War
rem Barnhart was editor of the Con,
servative and the legal notice was
printed in his paper Part of the bill
collected was for the publication. He
is now a member of the foundry firm
of Barnhart Bros. & Spindler of Chi
cago. The money has been remitted
to him Attorney James Jamison, who
had a fee in the case, has been dead
for twenty years
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
FINDS ILLINOIS MIXED.
Comptroller Ridsely Puzzled by the
Political Situation.

Washington, Oct. Comptroller of
the Currency Ridgely has returned
here after a week in Illinois, Most OF
his time was spent at the Springfield
fair. Mr.. Ridgely was not prepared to
discuss politics, except to say that the
situation. especially in Illinois, was
much mixed. He said that Senator
Cullom had not yet decided when he
would come to Washington Senator
Cullom has been booked for several
speeches in the Ohio campaign and his
return to the capital will depend upon
that matter.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
1T MADE A GOOD PROFIT.
State Fair Made a Profit of Over $14,
600 Despite the Storms.

Des Moines, Oct. 5.-A statement
Just given by Secretary Simpson of
the state fair shows that the net profit
on the business of this year was $14.-
1851. This excludes the sums paid
for permanent improvements, etc. The
credit TO the department, October L,
was $27, 7,7014S. The net profit was
larger than had been estimated at the
time of the closing of the fair. The
weather reports show that on three
days of the fair there fell about inch
eS of water
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
ENGINEER SAVES TRAIN.
Sees open Switch at St. Louis Just IN
Time.

st. Louis, Mo-, Oct. 81 The quick
work of Engineer Daniel Flynn in ap-
plying the air brakes saved the New
York and Boston limited train of the
Big Four railroad here Sunday. The
train was pulling in at ordinary speed,
when Engineer Flynn saw an open
switch ahead He applied the air
brakes promptly, but his engine left
the track and turned over. Both he
and his fireman were slightly injured
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
Members of the Club.

The club is composed of the follow
ing members: Hon. N. E. Kendall,
present representative; e. G. Sloan,
county recorder; R. B. Spencer, coun-
ty superintendent; r. D. Everett,
county attorney; j. w. Johnson, editor
of the Union; G. G. Mccormick, edi-
tor of the Republican, and the follow
ing attorneys of Abba: l. III. Tomlin-
son, John R. Price, w. E. Giltner and
A. @. Parry.
ty.n candidate for senator in the Ma
rion-Monroe district. will also take an
active part in the campaign.
The campaign will be opened at Al
bia, Tuesday night, Oct. 6, by Gov
ernor Cummins, who will speak in
Kings opera house.
Other prominent speakers will be
billed as soon as dates can be arrang.
ed, and a well known man is expect
ed for the closing meeting at Abba,
Oct. 81.
Schedule For Club.
The schedule of dates, places and
speakers for the local campaign are
as follows:
Oct II, Buxton-Kendall, Warren
Spencer.
Oct. 19, Hiteman-T -Tomlinson, Sloan
Parry Everett
Oct. 20, Lockman-Price Giltner
johnson, Spencer.
Oct. %, Tickridge- Sloan, Parry
Price, Giltner
Oct. 23, Avery-Spencer. Tomlin
son, Everett, Johnson
Oct. "a, Buxton-Hon. John f. Lacey
(subject to change in date.)
Oct. 26, Lovilia Kendall, Warren
Sloan.
Oct. ~, Coalfeld Everett, Tomlin
son, Giltner, Parry.
Oct. 20, Hilton Kendall. Warren
Parry.
Oct. 30, Urbana Center-Price, Ever
ett, Johnson, Tomlinson.
Oct. 81, Abba Kendall, Warren ant
i others.
Nov. 2, Buxton-sloan, Giltner
Price, johnson.
Nov. 2, Hiteman-Kendall, Warren
Spencer.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
SEEKS DEATH in GRAVE.
Pennsylvania Man Attempts to starve
to Death.

Wilkesbarre, Pa, Oct. 5.-Peter Os-
koski, of Glenlyon, who disappeared a
week ago after being thrashed for in
sulting friends wife, was found Sat
urday in newly, made grave in the
woods two miles from town. He was
SO weak he could not talk, but by even
ing he was out of danger and said he
had tried to starve himself to death
and lain in the grave several days
Whether remorse over the deed or fear
of arrest inspired the attempt he will
not say.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
sTxRvEs RATHER THAN HANG
Antonio Romano. Aurora Murderer,
Hopes to Cheat the GaIIows.

Geneva, H.. Oct. 5.--Antonio Ro-
mano, the self confessed murderer of
Nicholas Tomaso at Aurora, February
% and who has been condemned to
hang October %, may cheat the gal
lows unless he can be persuaded to
eat. Since his sentence was pro-
nounced last Monday, he has not eaten
mouthful, but has remained in his
cell slowly starving. Sheriff Burke is
afraid that he will not live until the
day set for his execution and his at
torneys are pleading with him to eat
urging that they can stay the execu.
tion by legal process.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
IRISH FACTIONS IN A RIOT.
Many Persons Injured in Fight
Against ]. H. ParneII.

London, Oct.5.-C Candidature of John
Howard Parnell brother of the late
Stewart Parnell at the parliamentary
election for South Meath, which is
deeply resented by the Redmondites,
led to riot Saturday when John Red
mond and other nationalists went to
speak in support of their candidate,
David Sheery. The rival factions
came to blows at Dunshaughlin.
Bludgeons and stones were used and
many persons were injured. John Red
mond in his speech denounced ]. H
Parnell as traitor to Irish unity.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
QUARTER OF A MILLION.
This is Estimated Cost of Straighten.
ina Streams at Des Moines.

Des Moines, Oct. 5.-City Engineer
John w. Budd filed with the city clerk
this afternoon an estimate of the cost
of changing the channel of the Des
Moines and Raccoon rivers. The re
port was to have been submitted last
Thursday morning, but was not ready
at that time. Mr.. Bndd estimates
thas The changes in the two rivers
which he recommended will cost the
city $250.O00 or approximately thai
sum. This estimate does not include
the expense OF raising present levees
or dredging the channels of the two
rivers.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
RECEIVER APPolNTG2s
Detroit Trust Co. Takes Charge of
Hecla company's Affairs.

Detroit, Mich, Oct. 5.-The Detroit
Trust Co. was today appointed by
Federal Judge Swan as receiver for
the Hecla Portland Cement and Coal
Co., of Bay City, Mich. A bill of COM
plant had been filed in the northern
district foreclosing trust mortgage
for $731 900 given by the Hecla Co.,
to the Detroit Trust Co, last week
for the benefit of the creditors.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
cLIouEs FIGHT.
Anarchists and Socialists Have Battle
in Vermont.

Barre, VT. Oct. 5.-one man dying,
another suffering from a serious, but
not necessarily fatal bullet wound and
a third under Arrest, charged with firing
a third under arrest. charged with fir
ing the shots is the outcome of the
latest clash between the anarchists and
socialists of this city.
Saturday night number of anar-
chists attempted to break up a meeting
of socialists and precipitated a fight,
during which, it is alleged, Alexander
Garretto. fired three shots from a re-
volver, wounding Eli Corti and Emilio
Vochini. Corti, its is said, will die.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
INSANE OVER DEATHS.
Father Loses Three Children in r

Father Loses Three Children in Riv-
er and is Crazy.
Caaeville, Mich. Oct. By the cap
sizing of a skiff containing George
Hoether, a Russian farm hand, his
wife and four children on the Pigeon
river yesterday, three of the children,
John, aged 12, Mary, aged 4 and Lena
aged 2 were drowned. Hoether is out
of his mind as the result of the trag-
edy.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
TRIPLE MURDER.
Saloon Keeper Kills Himself, Wife and
Sicfer.inI atn

Sa'ooi NSSt'Si '>''S ''SS'i, VVhS anu
sister-in-Law.
###s $500 %##*.s
= Lumberton. N. NJ, Oct. 5.-AI. :
. bert P. F. coape today shot and =
= killed his wife, his sister-in-law 4
= Miss Hernandez and himself.
3 coape was an Englishman about d
3 As years of age and until short !
" time ago he was known as Sir Al
bert, having dropped the title re-
8 Gently. He has been in the saloon !
#business here twenty years. No
$ cause can be assigned for the !
9 crime except temporary insanity. I
& = m = + y y II 4 y !: Il y u $ 4 * Il Il
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
VENEZUELA MUST PAY.
Arbitration Tribunal at Caracas Scales
Down German Claims

Caracas, Oct. 5-The mixed German
tribunal appointed to consider German
claims against Venezuela has award
ed the claimants 1,679,000 marks.
(s41s,250l The total claims submit,
ted to the tribunal amounted to 5,669,-
900 marks, (S1,47.250.)
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1903-10-06
MONROE COUNTY REPUBLICANS
ORGANIZE A LOCAL SPEAK
sisAsl ERs CLUB.
TO WAGE HOT CAMPAIGN
Party is DESTROYS Of Keeping the Ban
ner of the Tippecanoe Club and
Young Men of the County Will Make
speeches-cummlns Tomorrow.

Abba, Oct. Especial. IA repub-
lican club has been formed by a num-
Der of young men of Abba for the
purpose of aiding the chairman of the
central committee in making an active
and vigorous campaign and providing
speakers for the meetings in the vari-
GUS towns and precincts of the coun-