The Atlanta constitution. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1885-19??, 1903-08-31
CHAPTER XII.

eidl4StS toOh advantage oI inc oPPSh''
nifty to initiate Great Britain in another
direction William Pitt had inaugurated
a reign Of terror in England itself, crush
Ing out all freedom of speech and or the
press Over life and liberty the govern
ment exercised almost despotc sway.
The federalists determined TO enact ana
enforce similar laws here. Ihere was
too much liberty of the press, TOO lhteh
license of the tongue; republican ioe's
were a menace and democratic oeiha-
goglies must be put down The outcome
of this demand was the alien ana seui-
ton laws Their essence was lilat loi
eigners could live here only at me pftSi
dents pleasure and that American GU
zens could not speak or write iher po-
litical sentiments without Uncut nus '
dangers of fine and Imprisonment
Had these famous enactments beeh
ebla ia maintain their ground, p"pu'a.
government would indeed have peeh d'
an end. That the purpose of the au'hoi9
of this LEGISLATION was the complete oNei-
throw of democracy was SHOWN
wards by the programme Which ii''''''
tom mapped out He advised tha' Il Ia -
standing army be maintained, thal 'H0
Jurisdiction of the federal courts De n
tended; that aliens objectonapif 10 ''e
government be sent away; thal tiic ~
i1pOf he given power ~ t'tFNi'@N
officers in each county; that the Suites
sha,,,a ho disjded into small judicial dis
tricts with a federal judge in each. APP
pointed bv the president. and that large
states be cnt up into several divisions 50
that they might be more effectuaiF eoh-
trollad hv the general government.
AGAINST the mighty efforts Federalism
was making toward Capitalization Jet-
ferson and Madison hurled the celebrated
Kentucky aud Virginia resolutions
Stripped Of all verbal draperY' the uoe
trine set forth in these papers was ''',
If congress made laws winch Nlo'1t9u
the compact between the states sue"
laws were not binding
They set forth the Jeffersohah creS'.
to-wit that the union was the result OF
voluntary compact between IFee' i''e
nondent states. that these states eX-
1,,aesad in writing the powers They We're
granting to the general government. anu
that t,a general government was there
fore one of limited powers-the limits ne
inc prescribed in the constitution itsell
For congress TO go beyond these iiihilS
was usurpation.
It was during this period OF excitement
when further Entertainments upon tl'e
mower Of the states was feared mat ' n
pinia. as John Randolph declared, butit
the great armory in Richmond IN ofder
that she might be prepared to defend her
rights
The opinion which Edmund Randolph
gave Madison on this yeNed question OF
notification is very striking
Randolph conceded that there must
necessarily be. somewhere within the ma
ton. an ultimate sovereign power when
rouId veto tne usurpations of laWiess
congress. He argued that tAe people III
each state mot ,he legislature could de
clare an unconstitutional law nun ana
void and that when three-fourths Of the
states thus declared against congress the
government would be overwhelmed
AZ vice President, Mr. Jeffersons posi-
lion was comparatively happy His du-
ties we're not arduous and his responsl-
hflities were light To preside In the sen
ale. to prepare from his common
n,ace book a Manual Of Parliamentary
Practice" 10 keep a close watch on the
movements Of tie federalists. whla with
. i!dicious distribution of private let
rers he kept the republicans in line
these were the easy tasks Of his period
of waiting for John Adams 10 sroHnd his
vessel.
The salary of his Office was welcome;
FOR ready cash was never too plentiful
MOnftppifa where farming WIS ifr
- ho,,se-huii,iine chronic
- lin AZ 4y.,r,- an thar mansion
-. NJ ~,,rfis So cost seven tlsol-
80 a-''s odd dalIars
~ boueehold mad nov lost one Of its
.raas,,rss far tb beantfful Maria had
.,,o,.r;a,3 ba, cousin Holm Eppes. ana
~ ,,,,a l., ],ar 5-xv home Of EdgehiH
- .t.of,,,ir. ~ Nj Adams. form
- ,,ragi.7.,,t ha1 made n,ettar4s 10
5,ir, sael-fn,. r., astas,lisf relations Of cor
e,,iit,. ana coincidence T5-v had worked
IN harness together I'm the early stages
Of the American struggle. had been con
genial in Europe. and MI Jefferson. the
most concIIiatory oj men. would have
been glad To resume the old familiar IN
tercourse. Mr.. Adams was not averse 10
this. met NJ. jefferson advances cor
daily and advised with him as to the
sending OF ehNoES 10 France tAe pfes4-
gent was HlehAeu 10 make up Il non
partisan eHioaSss d4d To ma me Mr.. Mad
'son aS one VI Hle 1hchl"e1S. ms eabi-
mel however. opposed aiH4 threatened TO
resign earned tIe5f point ana mus WoR
'heiI ltSt etiuihp" 9NeI lhe-t pIeSiae"'.
AlteF iiis me ihlatiolis pet"tth Mt.
Adams and AIT Jefferson were merely
1ormaA As the pohey ct lhe adminlstfa-
ton developed itself, MI Jeffersons po-
si'loh as leauef OF an opposition was
recognized. mat ne Wonld De the rival
al Il