davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-11-22

proceeded to examine inquisitively the
polished top of my tripod.
Many of the young albatrosses
would allow themselves to be stroNcl
after a ludicrous show of displeasure,
that would soon disappear as they had
known us always The little rail-
scampered hither and thither, like di-
minutive barnyard fowls, but soon re-
turned, craning their necks to discover
why they had retreated.
when we sat working, tie little
miller-bird came and perched for d
moment on our table and chair back.
and the Laysan finch and rail walked
about our feet i'll busy search for flies
and bits of meat.
The beautiful little red honey-eater
visited us each day at meal time aud
sought for 'millers' in the crannies and
seams between the boards.
Thus, wherever we went we were
free to watch and learn and were
trusted by the birds. 1t seems a most
touching and unique experience, and
one which demonstrates all too foru-
bly, the attitude OF wild creatures
which have not yet learned that mar
is usually an enemy.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-11-22
Wherein the Trees fire Like You

wood that had formed around it, and
the tree might be ten times bigger
around than it was when you drove
the nail. But it would not have
moved a single inch in height. The
tree has grown in height in all that
time only by adding new tops.
Hollow trees often live and flourish
and bear fruit. How can they do it,
When a tree first forms layer OF
wood, that layer is porous and full OF
cells. Through these the sap runs
freely as through human veins and
arteries. The wood is known then as
sap wood.
AS new layers form year by year
around the early ones, these early
ones become harder and harder, TIL
finally their cells are all closed UP ard
sap cannot run through them at all
Then this wood is called heart wood.
1t is practically the bones of the tree.
Now, tree with heart wood can be
killed easily. 1t is necessary merely
to girdle the trunk-that is, cut all
around the tree and lift out a big ring
of the sap wood. Then the sap, be
ing unable to penetrate the heart
wood, and having no way to get
through the sap wood, cannot reach
the upper parts of the tree and it dies
off
But many trees do not form heart
wood. Even their oldest layers re
main porous enough to convey GER
tain amount of sap. Such trees can
live for some years after they are
girdled.
The hollow trees that still live arc
those in which the sap wood remains
healthy even after the heart wood has
disappeared through one cause or an
other. They really do not miss it at
all, just as a man might live without
a good many of his bones, providing
he did not have to move around.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-11-22

breathe oxygen in and carbonic acid
gas out. They also breathe out wat
cry vapor. This is because the roots
of tree take UP great deal more
water than can be used readily in the
tree. This water is sucked tip into the
twigs and leaves.
When they are gorged the sap,
which is the product of the digestion
of the earthly food and water taken up
by the roots, cannot enter these
water gorged parts, and the water
must be forced out of the leaves and
the pores.
Sometimes the trees have so much
water pumped up through them that
they cannot ged rid of it all in the
form of vapor, and it actually drlps
in drops from the buds and leaves.
In most trees the water IS pumped
UP through the newest layers of the
wood The result is that the wood
that is formed during the seasons
when the tree needs a great deal of
water is always thinner and lighter
than is the wood that is formed when
the tree does not make such great de-
mands
This will explain how 1umbermen
can tell, by looking at felled tree,
which parts of its trunk were formed
in spring and which in summer. The
wood formed in the summer, when the
tree needs less food, is always heav-
ier and stronger and often generally
darker in color than is the spring
wood, when all the trees pumps were
busily at work.
A tree grows in height only BY
means of new twigs and added wood
If you were to drive a nail into (
young tree, say four feet from the
ground this autumn it would still b.
only four feet from the ground in tef
years from now or in two hundred
years. II would be hidden by new
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-11-22

Immediately after being harvested.
Therefore the buyers generally go to
the crop instead of waiting for the
crop to be sent to them.
When the sale is made, the bios
SONS are cut carefully from the stalks
and weighed. You may be sure that
the sharp-eyed buyers take great pre-
cautions so that they shall not have
to pay for anything except the bios
SONS, for they pay big prices. Thus
the blossoms of the acacia brings So
cents a pound, ionquils sell for 81
cents, jasmines for 80 cents, violets
for Fl cents, mignonette for s cents,
roses for cents, orange flowers for 4
cents, and pinks for 3 cents pound.
The men who distill the perfumes
from these flowers have their estab-
lishments close to the flower farms, SO
that the precious crop shall reach
them in the freshest possible condi-
ton.
An immense quantity of flowers is
used each year. In the district around
Nice alone fifteen tons of violets, two
tons of mignonettes and eight tons OF
jasmine were used in one year, while
the consumption of orange flowers
reached the immense total of AS tons
Around Mentone Us tons of orange
flowers and leaves are used each year
Geranium leaves are another i'm
portant crop, and the Mentone district
produces 1850 tons of them each year
Two and one-ha1f acres will produce
from two and one-half to three ant
one-half tons, and each ton of leave;
Yields about two and one-tentl
pounds of pure essence.
In Grasse, the most important In
dustrial place in the entire Riviera
there are more than thirty manufac
tories of essence of flowers now. They
use up I,325 tons of roses and $50 ton:
of orange flowers every year, and the!
make about one million dollars wortt
of essence.
One perfume that is made there i
neroli, which is the oil of the bite
orange, 1t is distilled from the beau
tiful white orange blossoms, and two
pounds. of this oil are worth $50.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-11-22

~ F, ALL the amateur photo
graphic societies that are
W scattered through the world
the most romantic is in ex-
istence in corner of Formosa.
The members of this remarkable So
ciety vie with each other to see who
can get the most unusual photographs
in the most dangerous places, and
they do not have to hunt far for dan
ger, for they are surrounded by jungles
full of poisonous serpents, savage ami
mails, and still more ferocious races OF
men,
Among the most interesting exploits
of these amateurs was that of pene-
trating into the interior with cameras
and calmly sneaking around in the
villages of the dreaded head hunters
to get pictures of their gruesome tro-
plies.
The photographers succeeded in
what more important matter of carry
ing their pictures and themselves back
into the fringe of civilization.
One Of these amateurs returned re
Gently with picture snapped by him
in village far back in the interior
which is probably unique, both If
point of subject and in point of tho
daring and cunning necessary to OBJ
tain it.
1t is a photograph showing thirty
seven skulls piled up on scaffold O.
| bamboos.
These skulls are the trophies of ;
single savage He was immensely
proud of them and had the display
neatly arranged by the side of hi!
hut.
The savages in this village were no
good persons for a photographed t.
meet. Their chief articles of clothing
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-11-22

were blowpipe full of poisoned darts,
a keen curved knife about three inches
long and long harpoon-llke spear
with a moose on the end OF 1t.
With the spear they reach out after
fugitive and drop the moose over his
head. If he seems likely to be a
tough customer, they pierce him neat
ly through the back of the neck. It
thew want to have some fun before
killing him, they merely jerk the vic
tim over backwards and then sit on
him restfully and cut his head off at
their ease.
The severed heads are slung in nets,
and after a foray the hunters return
home, each with his net full of heada
hanging over his shoulder
At home they boil or smoke the ter
rible relics and then either hang them
in the rafters of the huts or pile them
UP on platforms.
The photographer who got the pic
ture of the thirty-seven heads had 10
lie hidden in the jungle all one night
and then he managed to creep IN and
snap the display in the early dawn.
| Another member of this adventur-
Gus Photographic society snapped the
picture of a young woman whom he
met on trail in the mountain thick
cts. She looked so pretty and anna bic
that he was quite proud OF havlna
found such beauty in the heart OF the
savage country, and i1e~showed the
picture to every one.
Finally he showed it to a native sub
chief of police, who recognized her a
the daughter of the most blood
thirsty chief of all, a man who rulet
a tribe that had become notorlou:
throughout the southeastern part O
Asia. One year before, his warriors
had engaged in a series of forays dur
ing which they massacred more thar
seven hundred Japanese and Chinese
whose heads were all hanging in tf'
huts of the tribe.
The amateur photographer has beer
wondering ever since how he manage
! to get this picture of the woman anf
| get away with it and with his owl
i head
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-11-22

4 y II Z Hawaiian group OF ISLANDS
4 is one, Laysan, that is possibly
= the most wonderful home OF
birds in the whole world.
Uncle Sam maintains light house
there now, since Hawaii became part
of American territory, and the. Stars
and Stripes that futter over this lone
ly little government reservation have
the distinction of flying over the
strangest population that is under any
American flag, for the population is
composed entirely of albatrosses,
BOBBY birds, stormy petrels, pufins,
frigate birds, and other strange sea
fowl.
They all nest on Laysan Island. So
numerous are the birds there that,
long before the island itself can be
seen above the horizon from an ap-
preaching ship, the crew will sight a
cloud above it. That cloud is formed
by the birds that are forever rising
and settling.
Recently Uncle Sam sent an expe
dition of naturalists to study the
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-11-22
Berlin May Become a Sedp0r
~ ~

of the whole European continent
In one year 10000 passenger steam
ers, large and small, touched at Ber-
lin. In the business of Transporting
freight, 3427I towing steamers were
used
Freight was carried in I,7Io freight
steamers with total tonnage of Io7
895 tons.
And this is not all. In that same
year 7o,266 sailing vessels carried
freight to and from Berlin, amount
ing to more than six million tons.
-Four thousand RATS arrived there,
also.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-11-22

as being important from the point Of
water transportation and traffic.
The government publications them
selves did not mention Berlin's activ-
ity in this regard until recently. But
in the past few years the Importance
of the water traffic has become SO
striking that now the figures have
been made as regular a part of the
municipal statistics as they would be
in any great seaport.
The growth OF it has made Berlin
rank among the most important ports
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-11-22

more beautiful to look at than
human lungs. They are brightly col
orcd and beautiful in shape They are
outside Of the trees body instead OF
being hidden as your lungs are.
The trees lungs are the leaves.
These leaf-lungs breathe steadily
and constantly. Like yours, they TAX.
in oxygen from the air, and it is con
verified into the life-sustaining sap
which is the blood of the tree and
which circulates through the tree
body just as does your blood.
Unlike your lungs, however, the
trees lungs need sunlight on them III
order to work Therefore, while the
leaves breathe in oxygen all day and
all night, they do not exhale the waste
matter in the night very freely. Con-
sequently there is more carbonic acid
gas in the tree than it can breathe out.
In your body this carbonic acid
gas would poison your system and
kill you. In the tree it burns up and
forms carbon that makes the wood
and other material for the growth OF
the tree. az
If you will look at the young
branches of birches, cherry trees and
poplars, you will see queer, little OBJ
long and oval spots that are raised a
bit above the surrounding bark These
are all like pores of the human skin
and they, too, take in oxygen.
Often, especially in the spring, yor
will notice that trees will be dripping
wet even though there has been no re
cent rain. Orchardists will tell yot
then that the trees are sweating Thar
is exactly true, and this is how anC
why they do it.
The leaves of a tree do not rnerel,
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-11-22
Uorld'S Most Beautiful
Farms

~ F ALL the farming of all the
81 world the most beautiful is
~ the farming that is done i'll
the southern part of France.
1t is the raising of crops of scented
flowers for the production of per
fume
This flower farming goes on almost
throughout the entire year. Hardly
has one crop been gathered before
another equally rich and glorious is
ready to be garnered.
In February and March, when in
more northern lands the farms lie
bleak and windswept, the farmers Of
the fower-land harvest wonderful
crop of violets In April the glorious
ionquil is ready to cut and gather.
Hardly has it gone before there
burst out the blossoms of mignonette,
roses and orange flowers. These
three crops are harvested steadily
from the end of April till we'll into
July.
They are followed by pinks, carna'
tons and tuberoses.
This odorous harvest is no sooner
brought in than the dreamy jasmine
is ripe and ready for the reapers. And
then, when in less favored countries
the golden rod and the aster wave
their gold and purple banners to mark
the retreat of the autumn and the hur
rying march of winter, the acacia
makes all the south of France beauti-
full Through October, November
and December it blooms, and III
Christmas the harvesters there are
still busy bearing its grand sheaves Of
flowers to market.
The beautiful flower crop cannot be
transported like wheat or other farm
produce that is carried thousands O
miles to find buyers. Too delicate
too evanescent to bear rude handling
the flowers must be bought and usec
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-11-22

WV HEN you look at Berlin on
MAJ the map and see how far
wv inland it is, you naturally
do not imagine that one of
its strong points is steamship bust
ness.
The Spree, on which Berlin is stu
ated, is not large river. 1t is hardly
more than rivulet when compared
with the mighty Rhine, Danube and
Rhone
Therefore, even in the official books
u statistics, Berlin is never mentioned
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-11-22
birds in the whole world.

shooting y
bear letter These ter tiers W proper
shen
Willie dntonayw
the
nams,wh forms
dothe1ne disappear Copyright 1908 y
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-11-22

- o YOU know that trees
breathe very much as you do?
~ The lungs of the tree are
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-11-22

: ALL the farming of all the
world the most beautiful is
the farming that is done i'll
the southern part of France.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-09-09
Art Of Getting Sleep.
From Everybody's Magazine.

TON EVeryDOuy . magazine.
All conditions must be favorable to sleep.
The bed room should be quiet dark and
airy. In winter 1t Is better to have the
window away up than to shut 1t so that a
knife-edged draught shall chill an exposed
shoulder. The temperature of the bed
should be agreeable. Getting to sleep when
the feet are cold Is as slow a job as getting
to sleep when hungry. A hot-water bottle
In one case and a piece of bread and butter
In the other will help things. / leave 1t to
you to decide which is for which. A warm
summer Is not simple proposition.
However. a sheet made Of straw mating,
interpOsed between the regular sheet and
the mattresss, will be found to mitigate
sensibly the horrors of a hot night It
preserves the softness and springiness of
the bed, and yet Is pleasantly cool, without
being too cool. Personally. l find that sleep
comes soonest when l have no pillows at
all.
The next thing 10 to relax utterly. Re-
member that the corner Of the Jaw Is the
citadel of tension. While that is clinched
no sleep can come. But most important of
all Is the disposition of the mind SO that
sleep can come. The reason why we fail in
this is the same as the reason why we fail
in other things. We do not very genuinely
want to succeed: AS we lie stretched out
after a busy day. there are SO many
we drop the notion of sleep, though we
know that tomorrow Is another day on
which we can think. 1t Is all very well to
say Dismiss these thoughts" How to dis
miss them Is the problem that each must
solve.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-09-09
SOUTHERN RAILWAY.
General Passenger Agent.
Schedule effective June 81. 1903.


Tr,ins leave from Pennsylv snia Station.
1880 am. Daily. Local for Harrisonburs. war
rentou Danville and way stations
1o.hi m Daily. Washington and Florida Lin
tied Flrst-class coaches and drawing room sleeper
Ills am. Daily. United States Fast Mall.
First-class coaches and drawing room sleeper t.
New Orleans Dining car service
4:OI pm. Week Days Local FOR HarrisonburS
and w.y stations Manassas branch.
y. az n M. Daily. Local for Warrenton and Char
a.oO n N. Daily. New York and Atlanta Ex-
go fFirst-class coach and sleeper to Atlanta.
WenSavs wednesdays and Fridays, Sunset Route.
a.h0 nm Daily. New York and Memphis Linn
"a Svis Iynchburg). Firstclass coach and sleep
t reu csr 70 Roanoke Knoxville. Chattanooga and
Memphis: sleeper TO New Orleans Dining car
io.4s m. Daily. Washington and Southwestern
t;t"a Ali Pullman train. club and observation
ni, 10 Atlanta and Macon; sleepers to Augusta.
Nashville. Atlantis. Macon. Memphis. New Orleans.
Dining TRAINS Tdt on BLUEMoNT BRANCH.
1000 u axhngton $40 an, 100 p. m, 4:SJ
- 40 nm 6:25 pm, daily, except Sunday.
Patt.r for Leesburg only. Sunday trains for Blue
mont s:o1 an s:io an; So PIN; w..,,,..o,
a.aa M 1852 am. 9:45 an. 200 pm, 9:l3
. N and q: SO pm, daily. Local trains from Har-
risnntmrp 1I:b5 am. week days and e:O5 pm.
daily From Charlottesville, S:2s an and sos
pTIctets sleeping reservations and detailed In
,ormsf,on can be had at ticket offices, Jos 18th
street 6l1 Pennsylvania avenue and Pennsylvania
Station. Baggage checked through from hotels and
Phone 1s4o p R. R. Cab Service.
n ACKERT, General Manager.
q n. HARDwICK. General Pass'r Agent.
l. s. BROWN. General Agent
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-09-09
Women and Radium.
From the New York Times.


The increasing Importance Of the daily
press In the dissemination Of scientific
news is strikingly illustrated in the case
of radium and Of radioactive substances
generally. 1t has become a matter of
absorbing and almost exciting public in
terest The average man in every civil
lied country knows as much about ra-
dunn as do the most advanced physicists.
and the daily progress of Investigation Is
watched with interest by the well-in-
formed newspaper reader everywhere.
Sir Oliver Lodge notes this fact with
approving comment, showing how much
better advised the people of other coun-
tries are on this and kindred subjects
than are those of France, where the
news value of great scientific discoveries
is not yet appreciated.
Another fact of exceptional interest ia
the prominent part which women have
had In the isolation Of radium and in
making its astounding phenomena known.
It was discovered by Madame Curie. not
by accident, but as the result of pure de-
ductive reasoning from observations of
uranium and polonium. Among the most
important of recent contributions to the
literature of radium are those of two
accomplished women, Lady Higgins, wife
of the president Of the Royal Society. and
Miss Willcock Of Newman College, Cam
bridge.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-09-09
American Colleges in Turkey.

From the Boston Transcript.
Owing to the widespread interest regard
ing the imperiled American Christian COL
leges for young men in Turkey, the Ameri-
can board of commissioners for foreign
missions Is about to issue a report on the
subject, translated from the Turkish. 1t
comes from Aintab. central Turkey, and
contains the following:
These colleges. according to the order OF
their dates Of establishment. are: Robert
College. at Constantinople: Syrian Protes-
tant College. at Beirut: Central Turkey
College. at Aintab; Euphrates College, at
Harpoot: Anatolia College,. at Marsovan.
and ST. Paurs Institute, at Tarsus. Beirut
College, in the growth Of it's courses OF
study, variety Of branches, accommodations
Of Its buildings and completeness OF
Its equipments and apparatus, has been
making very rapid progress, so that the
value of Its present property Is not less
than 100000 liras, nearly $4,000. The num-
Der of its teachers In various branches is
more than forty. ten of whom are profess
sors. There are now 1.4S9 students in the
colleges, III of whom Armenians.
There Is one point in which none Of the
others can be compared with Robert Col
lege. The latter holds the greatest number
OF the officers In governmental departments
1t is able to show among its graduates lieu
tenants, generals, commanders, judges.
mayors, governors, ambassadors and even
CABINET members ana prime ministers, and
these are not merely some exceptions, but
nearly one-fOurth of its graduates have at
tanned one or the other Of these high posi-
tons. This superiority may be ascribed
partly to its high standard Of education
and largely to its important geographical
situation in a central point between ASIA
and Europe Many famous Armenian pro-
fessors In Constantinople, also well-known
merchants, physicians and editors are
graduates of Robert College. The Euphrates
College has suffered most from the disturb
ances. The tendency In its vicinity to leave
the country has been so strong that besides
the number Of the students being diminish
ed. many hopeful graduates and even teach
ers Of the college have left the country for
foreign lands.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-09-09
Progress Of the Poster.
From Mahin's Magazine.

From MahlnS magazine
In England. up to 1870. no pictorial effort
had appeared that would not have made an
artist writhe in agony Of spirit. When. In
1871, Frederick Walker designed poster in
black and white. advertising Wilkie Col
Inns new book. The Woman in WHITE SO
much attention was attracted by 1t that
people began for the first time to grasp the
Importance Of artistic beauty and original
ity as applied to commercial purposes.
Walter Crane followed. advertising the
promenade concert in Covent Garden. the
French Hippodrome and certain cham
pagnes by a series of colored posters which
amazed and delighted the public.
But the real homo Of the art poster is
France. and its real creator Cheret. When
the rarely effective designs of this artist
first appeared the people of Paris snatched
them from the bill-boards or wherever else
they startled the eye with their fascina-
lions, until the authorities were compelled
to call the making off with Cheret poster
q crime