Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-08-31
SENATOR OPENS FAIR
Charles W. Fairbanks to
Northwestern Farmers.
MINNEAPOLIS 3 SPEECH
TALKS OF THE EDUCATED FARM
Err AND PROSPERITY.
he Predicts That Present Rush to
Cities Will Soon Be
Reversed.

MINNEAPOLIS, Mimi. August 31.-sen-
ator c. W. Fairbanks delivered the opening
address at the Minnesota state fair this
afternoon.
THE northwest has been. Is and must
continue to be essentially an agricultural
community " said the senator. Upon the
fertile fields which stretch far beyond us
will be produced during the centuries to
come food products for many millions In
our own country, and for millions more In
other lands. There is no more honorable
or useful vocation than that of agriculture,
and this doctrine should be instilled into
the very hearts and souls Of the youth OF
the land. The farm has produced and will
continue to yield the best type of loyal and
conservative citizenship.
Farming Is more and more coming to
be a scientific pursuit. Methods which
were unknown to our fathers are continual
ly and rapidly taking the place of the old.
The Educated Farmer.
Education is working the change. The
Agricultural Department of the national
government is engaged in vast amount of
research in every branch Of agriculture. 1t
is working along broad lines and is adding
much to the sum of knowledge in this i'm
portant field of industry.
Congress gladly approprtates all money
necessary to enable the department to
prosecute the work which 1T has In hand IN
a thorough and efficient manner.
Agricultural colleges are making sys-
tematic and intelligent progress and should
be literally patronized. They are teaching
how to cultivate the soil to the best advan-
tage, and are raising the standard Of agri-
culture and opening the way to an improve
ment in the conditions of farm life
THE educated farmer is the one who will
secure the largest results from his effort.
The law of the survival Of the fittest is uni
versal in its application. 1t will apply to
farming as we'll as to any vocation among
us. Ignorance and Indifference have no
rightful place upon the farm
Back to the Country.
1.-The tendency to gravitate to the city will
in good time be followed by a return drift
to the country. Improved methods in farm
ing. increased comforts of farm life, which
come through experience and systematic
education. will be the magnets which will
draw from the congested centers to the
agricultural communities.
"AH countries are struggling for CONNER
cial advantage.
The commercial rivalry Is an earnest one
The United States has not been an idle on
locker; an Indifferent spectator. She has
been pushing her trade aggressively
throughout all quarters of the earth. She
has been steadily securing increased par
ticipation in the worlds commerce, yet she
has not secured her Just SHARE
Commercial success is not the fruit of I'M
reasoning chance. 1t is not the result of
accident. 1t is due to the observance of
wise policies and rational practices.
Foreign Commerce.
I'VE send our commodities into almost
every port and draw from all countries
trade in return 1t is a significant fact
which we may well ponder. that we con-
tribute to alien ship owners near one hun
dred and seventy-five millions of dollars
per annun in payment for the transporta-
ton of our imports and exports. We carry
barely 10 per cent of our foreign commerce
in our own vessels.
1T would seem that the tremendous trib-
ute which we are making to support the
merchant marine of other countries Is in
violation of the plainest principles of sound
national policy.
I'VE are inspired by our navy, which has
so splendidly indicated it's power and the
national dignity, and we shall hope in good
time to see our vessels of peace, freighted
with our commerce, bearing our flag in all
the ports of the earth.
This Is not a question Of mere sentiment,
for 1t has a very material and practical
bearing, not only with respect to the saving
of the present large annual contribution to
foreign vessel owners, but upon the fur
Their extension of our commerce in the in
terest of all sections of our common coun-
try.
Labor and Capital.
"One of the most discussed themes of tho
day is the proper relations of labor and
capital, and how best to secure and
maintain them 1t is a far-reaching ques-
ton, which vitality concerns not only the
present but also the future 1t is a sub
oil
wisely, and without any trace of either
passion or prejudice.
TO secure to each just measure OF the
fruit of their joint operation should be
have been many. resulting in great losses
to each and to the community. A resort
to force to secure justice should not be
necessary.
There should be a fair and effective set
Element of differences as they arise in the
court OF reason. This must come through
patience, forbearance and education. The
process should be evolutionary rather than
revolutionary. We must teach the whole
some doctrine that each has rights which
the other must respect. This will pave the
way to their mutual recognition.
Power Of the State.
1.-The state Is potent. It possesses the pow
er to hold within proper and legitimate
all agencies, individual and cor
porate. Corporations and combinations
which derive their breath from the state
are within it's absolute and perpetual con-
troll.
THE state, in her supreme authority, may
say to them: Thus far shalt thou go and
no farther This is not only the states
undoubted prerogative. but It should ex-
ercise it-not in a narrow. destructive spar-
1t; not in merely punitive way, but so as
to protect and preserve wholesome enter
prise and insure generous competition.
Our progress Is the result of the opera
ton and cooperation of many interests
through a period of many years 1t is the
result of the action of great laws of trade
which are unwritten, and we should not
lay upon the agencies through which we
have come to our present prestige and DOW
er the violent hands of ignorance or passion,
lest we do more harm than good; lest we
create greater ills than those we suffer.
We should not hesitate to denounce wrong
and seek to eradicate 1t wherever 1t exists.
We should locate it and deal with It, but
we should not strike out blindly and equal
ly against both the evil we would remove
and the good we should preserve.
Beware tho Demagogue.
"Aboye all things we should avoid the
demagogue as pestilence and take coun-
sell only Of reason and right There is no
wrong we have not the power to remedy or
rrevent and that power we should exercise
with wisdom and unflinchine purpose We