davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-05-16

an ancestor of mantle particular ancestor
that we have to thank for our lungs.
And the Ceratodus furnishes an illustra-
ton Of how that lung developed from the
gills.
The African relative of the Ceratodus
swims merrfly in the water and breatnes
honestly through his gills as long as the
water lasts. When the droughts come he
buries himself in the mud and breathes
cheerfully through his two lungs.
But the Ceratodus can live only In
one lung is not so able as tine two lungs
of the African fish.
Now, where the Ceratodus lives, the ex-
IRENE of drought goes only SO far as to dry
the main stream, leaving water holes here
and there. Into these holes crowds every
thing that needs water to live. Soon the
dense1y packed creatures exhaust the Oxy'
gen in the water holes. The water becomes
foul, and the creatures that have only gills
are in dire trouble. Hordes of the true
fish die.
But the Ceratodus remains well and
happy. He keeps his nostrils above the
surface and breathes the upper air with his
lungs.
How the Lung Began.
Now let us imagine that gray. dim time
when there stood mighty forests of fern and
other long-past growths that we burn today
as anthracite. Picture waters that expert
enced periodical droughts like those Aus
tTdlldH waters VI tOOdy 4NoW thlh VI
those ancient water holes crowded with
struggling FORMS and you see what an adj
vantage the existence of lung meant for
the survival of the Ceratodus.
OF course you will object that the mere
fact that the lung was an advantage could
not produce one. Where did the lung come
from? Ceratodus shows us. The lung did
not fall on him from the blue sky.
The true fish owns a well-knOwn organ
fI,a Nod oir IND tod
bladder regulates his weight for him, giving
him the same specific weight as is that Of
the water where he lives. Anatomically
this swimming bladder belongs to the ali
mentary canal. In many fish there Is an air
connection with this canal. The inference
is simple that such an air-filled sac might
have served on occasion for taking air into
the blood; that is. for breathing.
In certain existing forms of true fishes
we have found the little beginnings of such
a development.
In the Ceratodus the development became
complete.
Along the wall of the swimming bladder
there began to form air-sucking blood YES
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-05-16
Flat Dwellers' Hymn.
From the Chicago Tribune.

he Chicago Tribune.
Our janitor, to thee,
Guard OF our liberty
To thee we sing.
Thou who dost rule our walks,
Our dealings and our talks,
Who al our pleasure balks-
Despot and king.
o. let the furnace burn.
DO rot our pleadings spurn-
Ruler supreme.
Let us 60 out at night.
Don't lock the place up tight
And Turn out every light
Shut or each beam.
Our janitor. we praise
Thee in thy lordly ways
Sweetly We sing.
o. let our accents please
Thee where thou sitst at case.
Give us our groceries,
Monarch and king!
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-05-16
BROTHERHOOD OF ST. ANDREW.

The last of the series .of services given
under the auspices of Trinity Brotherhood
Chapter will be held at Trinity Church. cor
row evening The Rev. DR.. c. Ernest
city, will be the preacher.
The next regular meeting of the local as
sembly of the brotherhood of this diocese
has been arranged to be held at st. John s
parish hall, 18th and H streets northwest,
Monday evening at 8 o'clock. The address
will be delivered by the president of the
local assembly, who will take as his SUBJ
ject Am My Brothers Keeper
The executive committee of the Junior
local assembly will meet in the parish
house of the Pro-Cathedral Church of the
Ascension next Tuesday evening.
Mr. William B. Everett, jr., chairman of
the committee of junior brotherhood chap
ters, delivered an address on brotherhood
work among boys at Trinity Church, Upper
Marlboro, Nd, last Sunday.
Washington brotherhood chapters are
making final arrangements for attending
the tri-diocesan brotherhood convention
which will meet at Centerville, Md. Satur-
day and Sunday, May D and "a. The ma
jority of the Washington delegates will
leave the city Saturday morning. On ar
irving in Baltimore they will be met by the
delegation from that city and will proceed
to Centerville by steamer. The convention
will open in st. Pauls Church, Centerville
at IL o'clock Saturday morning The
charge to the brotherhood will be delivered
by the Right Rev William Forbes Adams
d. D., bishop of Easton. The program con-
tains the names of prominent churchmen
in the dioceses of Washington, Maryland.
Easton Delaware and Pennsylvania who
will deliver addresses during the sessions
of the convention.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-05-16

NJ H. Robb and A. A. Kahler. whose eff
forts were ably seconded by the hostess.
Mrs. 8. T. Walton. and her assistants, Miss
Frances Walton, Miss Nettie Walton, Mrs.
A. R. Taylor and Mrs Harry Miller.
Among those present we Prof Mel. b.
Rideout. X. II. Louis. Rev. ID. w. Mont
gomery. A. A. Kahler. Harry Miller. ]. F.
Robb. H. F. Entrikin. Roy Tremain. II. p.
Welsh, A. r; Taylor. NJ v Oar Dariing' NJ; IA II.
trikin. Isaiah Boyle g.. G. Watt, w. A.
Simonds and Arthur Robb. The class Of
ficers are: President, A. A. Kahler; vice
president. H. s. Hill; secretary. Roy Ire
main: treasurer. H. F. Entrikin; teacher.
X. H. Louis.
The members of the Republic of West
minister Presbyterian Church gave their
third annual banquet in that edif1ce last
Tuesday evening. The chapel was deco
rated with flags and flowers. President Ne
Vile ID. Miller introduced the POSTMASTER,
Joseph w. McKericher. The following re-
sponded to toasts: THE President" Neville
D. Miller; The Retiring President" j.
Walker Stevenson; Our Guests" Rev. f.
Lawrence Hunt Mr.. l.. s. Depue superin-
tendent of the Sunday school: Mr.: III. +.
Bittinger, representatives of the Christian
Endeavor; Mr.. Owen Owen. president of
the Mems Club; Miss Aileen Miller. presi-
dent of the Girls Guild: TIE Pastor" re-
Spouse by Rev. William J. Hutchinson;
Our Ever Willing Friends" response by
Mr.. w. A. II. Church: The Star Spangled
Banner" Mr.. Charles D. Church and Mr..
Joseph w. Stephenson.
The regular meeting of the Young Wo-
mans Foreign Missionary Society of Ry-
land NJ F. Church was held last Tuesday
evening in the parlors of the church.
There was a large attendance. After the
business meeting program was rendered
which included the following numbers:
Reading on India. Mr.. +. NJ. Hail. flute
solo. Mr.. Leon Martin; Rotations Mr..
Ogg; bass solos. Mr.. Nicewarner and Mr..
James Cathell; selections by quartet COM
posed of Mrs. Odell, Mrs. H. Brewer. Mr..
Cathell and Mr.. Brewer. Following the
program refreshments were served.
The committee in charge of the affair
consisted of the following ladies': Mrs. C.
c. Archibald. Mrs. NJ. Perley, Mrs G. Adell
Mrs II. Brewer, Mrs. ]. X. Heyl. Mrs F.
s. Cawson Mrs. Franklin, Mrs. Edw
Green, Mrs. George Stahl, Mrs. E. NJ
Hail.
The dedication of the new st. James
Catholic Church at West Falls Church
Va, will take place tomorrow morning al
1870 o'clock, and the ceremony will be by
Bishop Van De Vyver of Richmond. Va.
assisted by the professors of Georgetown
and Catholic universities. The dedica ton
services will be followed by the celebra ton
of solemn high mass. The sermon of the
day will be preached by Rev. Father Nc
Carthy, S. J., a personal friend of Mrs
Thomas F. Ryan of New York city. the
donor of the new edifice.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-05-16

The devotional service at Gorsuch Chap
ter last Sunday evening was conducted by
Mrs. Harold M. Rider, the wife of the pas
tor of that church, and a good meeting was
held. Mr.. Z. H. Pullman will be in charge
of the service tomorrow
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-05-16

Junior League mass meeting has been
arranged for at Wesley Church, corner of
9th and f streets northwest, for tomorrow
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-05-16
Ancestral Portraits in the Egg.

The early stages of development of living
things in the egg are enlightening, because
many creatures in this undeveloped condi-
ton are. so to speak portraits of their an
cestOrs of past epochs. Take a chicken or
a canary bird out of egg that has only
just begun to incubate. and we find an
object that has fin-like appendages ami
gills.
So for years Prof. Haeckel urged on the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-05-16
EPWORTH LEAGUE NOTES.

"Epworth League Anniversary Day" is
the topic for the devotional meeting of the
Epworth Leagues throughout the world to-
morrow. Exercises in celebration of this
occasion will be conducted The scriptural
reference for the meeting is Romans, eighth
chapter and thirty-first verse
Mr.. Stacey H. Briant will be in charge of
the service at Foundry Chapter tomorrow
evening Miss Blanche Zehring, Phi. D., in
structor in the national training school for
deaconesses, was in charge of tine devo-
tional exercises at this chapter last Sunday
evening.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-05-16

must have been the great time of the lizard
fish, If the lizard fish were the links
1t would have been fine, then, had 1T
been possible to discover fossil remains of
lizard fish. If one could have laid the
bones of the ancient creature alongside the
bones of the living one, and proved their
resemblance. the world would have had
valuable. living demonstratable proof of
the truth of evolution!
But it seemed as If no such proof would
ever be found. None of the ancient fossil
beds showed a lizard fish.
Australia's Missing Link.
Then, in 1869. the land of the living link
forms, Australia, produced 1t. And the
proof was a TOOTH
One day Gerhart Krefft, curator of the
Museum of Sydney. Queensland. received
a big four-foot long carp-like fish. And
this fish had gills and scales. but also a
lung-One single lung.
Now, as DR.. Krefft examined the mouth
of the strange monster. he found, not the
ordinary fishes teeth. but only four big
teeth, with their crowns indented like the
comb of a rooster.
And such teeth had been found long be-
fore-fossil teeth belonging to the dim past.
The creature to which they had belonged
was still unknown, but 1t had always been
classed with the fishes. Agassiz had chris
tened the unknown beings Ceratodus-mean
ing Horn BreatherS
Now, DR.. Krefft held in his hand a freshly
captured thing that was not only lizard
fish," but actually had the teeth of the lost
Ceratodus.
Krefft did not hesitate to name his find
Ceratodus Forsterii. Later, when the ex-
preston of the caudal end of an extinct
Ceratodus was found and finally, when
well-preserved skull of one was unearthed,
it was proved that the most unexpected OF
unexpected things had happened-a crea-
ture that had been accounted as extinct
millions of years ago was living in the
world of today.
Yet for twenty years the knowledge OF
the living Cerato remained meager. We
learned that the creature used his gills ID
live like a fish in water during the rainy
season, while in droughts he used his lungs
to help him live amphiban-like in the shall
low pools. But no one knew about his
growth from the egg. And that was OF
immense Importance for the study of evo
luton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-05-16

The nominating committee. which was
elected at the last meeting of the District
union to nominate candidates for union Of
ficers for the coming year. met in the ves-
try of ST. Pauls Lutheran Church Wednes-
day evening. The committee organized by
electing Rev. Charles II. Butler of Keller
Memorial Lutheran Society as president
and Mr.. Edgar c. Buckingham of Metropol-
itan Presbyterian Society as secretary.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1903-05-16

CTo be continued Monday
The Forrest City times., 1903-07-24
THE PINE LAKE CHAUTAUQUA.
The National Organization of the Baptists to Open Ten Days
 Session Thursday.

La Porte. Ind. July 23.-The Pine Lake Chautauqua assembly, the na- tional organization of Baptists which meet here annually will convene Thursday for ten days session. The assembly will open Thursday evening with concert by the La Porte city band. Rev. !. Conant. of Dubuque, la. and Rev. F. A. Case. of Council Bluffs. will be among those taking part in Fridays services.
 Sunday afternoon there will be a Baptist Young Peoples union mass meeting. Monday a conference on Isms.' Tuesday the W. C. T. L. will he in session. Wednesday Worldwide missions will be covered.
 A pastors conference will be held Thursday and national missions will be discussed Friday. X public so- ciety conference will be held Satur- day and a Sunday school mass meet ing Sunday afternoon.
The Forrest City times., 1903-07-24
THE COLLINS VERDICT.
Attorneys For the Convicted Des- perado VIII Try to Save Him
 by Taking an Appeal.

Union. Mo. July 23.-The attorneys of George Collins, alias Fred Lewis will endeavor to save him from the hangman's moose by an appeal to the supreme court.
 He was found guilty of murder in the first degree for having participat- ed in the killing of Schumacher. after the jury had been out three hours The jurY's verdict was read at 7:3C o'clock Tuesday evening.
 Only three ballots were taken be fore the verdict was reached. The verdict was unanimous. At no time was there vote for acquittal. The two previous ballots were not deci- sive, because some of the jurors were not ready to vote.
 When he was taken into jail after the verdict he remarked to the deputy sheriff who accompanied him, They'll never hang me"
The Forrest City times., 1903-07-24
MGR. HENRY MUEHLSIEpEN
Death of the Venerable Vicar Gem eral of the Catholic Archdio-
 cese of St. Louis.

St. Louis. July 23.-Rt. Rev. Mgr. Henry Muehlsiepen, vicar general of the Catholic archdiocese of St. Louis, died Tuesday afternoon after an ill., ness of ever eight months.
 Mgr. Muehlsiepen was born in Ger many September i. 1894. He came to this country in 1855. at the request of Father Melcher. He was ordained as priest in December, 1857. by Father kenrick. For the past ten years he had been domestic prelate of the holy father and had worn the purple. For thirty-fve years Mgr. Muehlsiepen had been vicar general.
 The remains. according to the wish of the decedent. will be taken to Ar cadia, Mo. for interment, after the funeral. Friday, at the old St. Louis cathedral
The Forrest City times., 1903-07-24
RESPECTING MANCHUR|A.
Washington Officials Stand By the Statements Made Before
 Secretary Hay Left.
WE LOOK UPON CHINA AS SOVEREIGN.
That Government Has Made Pledges to Open Certain Porte. and the United States Government Fully Intend. That the Pledges shall Be kept.

Washington, July 23.-Notwith-
 standing the publication of dispatches | from various foreign cities question 1 ing the extent of the promises made to the American government by Chi ma and Russia respecting Manchuria.
 the officials here positively decline to add to or take one word from the
 statement published from Washing ton just before the departure of Sec
 retary Hay. to the effect that satIs- factory assurances had been received that two or more Manchurian ports would be opened to the worlds trade.
 It is quite certain that China, which is here regarded as the sovereign power in Manchuria, made these
 pledges. and it is equally certain that THE UNITED STATES GOVERN
 MENT FULLY INTENDS THAT THEY SHALL BE KEPT. The de-
 tails referred to in the original state ment as requiring adjustment are
 still unsettled. but the state depart
 ment is patient. resting in full confi- dence of the opening of the ports re quired within a reasonable length of time. It is true. as stated in the Lon don dispatches, that Japan looks with
 suspicion upon the Russian pledges
 relative to Manchuria. and has inti-
 mated to the state department that they are not satisfactory. but so far
 the department sees no reason to ac-
 cept that view.
 Io ha
 doors of the throne room were closed | and the Franciscan penitentiaries.
 assisted by the attendants of the late
 pontitf. began dressing the body ill l full pontifcal robes.
The Forrest City times., 1903-07-24
REPORT ON THE AUTOPSY.
It Was Presented By pr. Lapponi to
 Cardinal Oreglia

Rome, July 23.-Dr. Lapponi, Wednesday morning, presented to Car dinal 0reglia, dean of the sacred col lege, the official report of the autop- sy performed on the body of the pope, which was conducted. so far as permissible, in connection with the embalming. The report is chiefly inn portant in disproving the presence of cancer or nephritis.
 This report was accompanied with an anatomic diagnosis made by all the doctors participating in the em- balming, which says there was found a round,gray Repatriation of the right inferior pulmonary lobe, with much pleuritie liquid of serum filbrine character, partly hemorrhagic. thus confirming the clinical diagnosis.
The Forrest City times., 1903-07-24
OTHERWISE UNNOTICED.

| The Irish land bill has passed its third reading in the British house ot commons.
 St. Louis business men have estab- lished an office to boom Joseph Folk for governor.
 1 The historic De Meuil mansion, in St. Louis, was damaged sl0.000 by tire started by a paper balloon.
 Chicago real estate dealers declare that the Worlds fair in St. Louis will | excel the Columbian exposition. IL is announced by the interior de partment that full investigation of alleged land frauds in Indian territory will be made.
 The report of the United States marine hospital service shows -2l.O0O cases of bubonie plague in the world since May |.
 John Gatons. Sr.. a wealthy farmer near Joliet. H.. shot and killed his son. John. Jr. The father, delirious with grief. is in jail.
 X disastrous wind and hail storm visited Clinton. Mo, Tuesday. wreck ing many buildings and damaging crops in the vicinity.
 The battleship Missouri. being con- structed at the Newport (Na.) ship yards. will be tested early in August in preliminary trial.
 Business houses were closed and all the bells of the 40G churches in Rome were tolled an hour. Tuesday after x.~.. | T h
 Maj. Casey's report on the St. Louis terminal situation has been submitted to the secretary of war and will like ly be referred to the attorney gen eral.
 Two non-union men were the cause of a strike of structural iron workers at the St. Louis Worlds fair site. and were seriously beaten in riot which followed.
 Japan expresses displeasure with Russia's promise in the Manchurian policy. and is seeking the aid of En- gland in making a demand for more open ports.
 Crop conditions the last week were not so favorable as the week previous. Rain is needed by the corn crop in sections of Missouri. Illinois. Kansas and Oklahoma.
 The increase of typhoid fever cases, due to bad water. has caused St. Louis physicians to issue another warning to citizens to boil and filter drinking water.
 Arthur Hewitt. leader of the mutt ny at the Leayenworth prison in 1902 who has been located in the Texas penitentiary at Rusk will be returned to Kansas and tried for murder.
 Three persons were wounded in a pistol duel in front of schoolhouse filled with children near Jackson. Ky. The civil authorities refused to take any action and soldiers were sent over to maintain order.
 Crawford and Tharpe, teamsters or the Hargis brothers at Jackson. Ky. have been indicted by the special grand jury impaneled to investigate feud conditions. They are charged with setting fire to the City hotel.
The Forrest City times., 1903-07-24
WOMAN'S WIDENING SPHERE.
Mere Man Has to Hustle a Little Hit These Days to Hold
 His Place.

A refreshingly sane and common sense view of woman's widening sphere of usefulness was that taken by James B. Dill. the corporation lawyer. tn his recent address before the Uni Versity of Minnesota. according to the Housekeeper. Regarding the oft-quot- ed complaint of timorous men that women wage earners are monopolizinz the best-paying positions and cheap ening labor by their strenuous compe- dton. Mir. Dill said:
 Women are not crowding out men they are only making them hustle a little to hold their places. The strug- gle will be productive of far-reaching results. It is severe, interesting and suggestive. but the man who fails un- der 1t should no. complain. If he re- specs his mothers memory he will take of his hat and thank God for the pluck of American womanhood."
 Speaking of fidelity as a feminine Hait oi the highest value in commer- cisi life, Mir. Dill thus neatly punctured the islander that women cannot keen a secret:
 The man who contends that a wom- an cannot keep a secret displays ig- ncrance of Wall street history. Many of the greatest financial and commer- cial secrets of the day are entrusted 10 women, who set as private secreta- ries for we'll known men, and the confidence is not misplaced One man or national reputation allows A wom- an to answer much of his mail without even showing him the letters. To reach the private office of this disni- tary you have first to speak your lit He piece to this woman secretary and 1T you get past her it is because you nave told your story in a straishtfo-- ward way, without having beaten around the bush. She is an expert in reading character, and the man who thinks he fools her soon appreciates his mistake. That woman can give points to thousands of men who think they are receiving boys wages for doing mans work. The American woman IS none the less lady because she adorns a profession or becomes in- terested In commercial affairs. I honor her all the more for the splendid ex- ample she sets her sister in other lands, and for the grace. dignity purity and faithfulness she contributes to the daily routine"
 In the advance of women to execu. tive positions of trust and responsi- bility in business and the professions the wise man will see cause for con- graduation rather than complaint. We must recognize the truth that not only does the world move, but that women are moving with 1t.
The Forrest City times., 1903-07-24
CRABS CATCH FISH HAWKS.
lantic Coast by New Jer- sey Observer.

"At this time of year, provided the condition of the water is right" said a Toms River man. to a New York Sun reporter, anyone along our part of the Jersey coast may get lot of fun watch ing hardshell crabs in the river as they catch fish hawks. The water is just right at present. muddy after the rains. and the fun is on.
 Fish hawks are common all along rivers and shallow bays. and at this time of year the hard shell crabs have a habit of swimming as near the sur face of the water as they can get. In swimming thus their claws come out of the water. and make sufficient splash ing to interest the sharp-eyed hawks sailing watchfully high above.
 .'The muddy water prevents the birds from discovering just what is show ing so much life below, but as it is in the water the hungry birds evidently suppose 1t must. of course. be fish. and every little while down will drop a hawk like a plummet.
  ing bounced on and clutched what 1t thus dropped down after. but the cap- tured crab is no sooner lifted out of the water than it reaches out with its claws and grabs the hawk by leg or some tender part of the body, and the result is some of the queerest kinds of midair antics
 'The hawk. smarting under the pinch ing the crab gives it and persists in, moves over. shakes its leg vigorously and twists and turns in all sorts of ways in it's effort to free itself from the crab. Sometimes the crab will hold on to the hawk In the air until the bird has in its twistings and turnings fallen into the water. but generally he will loosen his claws after awhile and come son. ersaulting back to his native element.
 As there are frequently half dozen or more hawks in the air at one time thus engaged in trying to escape from crabs that have caught them, and more getting ready to put themselves in the same fix, the fun is like a continuous performance Not the least amusing part of it is the positiveness and sud- denness with which a hawk, once free from its crab. takes itself away from the spot on vigorous wing. with angry shrieks of protest against the treat ment 1t has received
 Toward evening the fun is the great est. for that seems to be the time the crabs like best to do their surface swim ming stunt, and the hawks are out in larger number, seeking their suppers."