Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1903-06-25

homes were attended by consequences IN
Europe far greater than would have been
the conquest of all the East and the rescue
of the relics of all the saints. In the 'rsc
place they had broken the power OF inc
Saracens by successive impacts upon mem,
BY prolonged conflict with them.
They had fought fire with fire. Religious
fanaticism was matched against religious
fanaticism, and it inflicted such punish
ment upon the rapacious and cruel Niussml'
man that he has never been able to rally
from it. Although he reached the shores
of Europe later on, he was exhausted WIN
the struggle, and has continued IN stare
of languishing impotency. ever since. IN
the second place the Crusadei had
marked and lasting effect upon the Cru.
saders themselves. and in spite OF tce'r
suffering and losses the gain was greater
than the loss, for it brought them INTO a.
rect and immediate contact with tue
East, at that time the cultivated and re-
fined portion of the world. Constantine
We and Antioch, the two great storehohses
II ancient art and learning, and the CEN
tres of the wealth and culture OF the EasI'
had become familiar to them. Ant'och
YVES for time in their hands The sp, en'
lid buildings fine fabrics, beautiful STAT
ues, costly gems, were revelation to the
Nrusaders, and served rs object lessons;
while the elegant refinements. ,splen1la
courtesy, magnificent manners and anc,ent
,earning of the East wert not without the'r
effect upon the coarse, nude and untameo
borbarians of the West. Those who sur
vived the conflict returned with new ideas
# the character of the world in which they
lived. of the meaning OF civilization. OF The
possibilities of humanity and of the dc,
fects of Europe. They had been to schoo,
and had Travelled. Their view of lie had
been broadened and their minds enriched
bv contact with superior conditions OF NE,
and great mental and moral revolution
lad been wrought in them
But the Crusades had also an immediate
and lasting effect upon Europe itself For
Nv cnlisting in the Crusadcs the serf bought
his freedom from the soil The debtor was
freed from his creditor. lie that went out
n slave came back free man with goll
,on in his pocket and some new ideas OF
the world in his head. Seridom, villalnaee
and slavery were practically abolished IN
Europe. The cities also had been able, Ivy
immense sums of money paid to the hcred-
itarv princes, who held lordship over them.
to buy their freedom and secure char'ers
for themselves which made them lndeprnG'
ont in the control OF petty rulers. and by
the long absence of tho noh.cs in the Fast,
the middle classes had learned to admins
ter their own affairs, and so the backbone
IF the feudal system was broken and the
period of freedom and enlightenment came
in. Modern industralism was lnaugnrated.
New IDEAS sp''h9 w, anu
hf wealth and privileges took place, TO-
Eethcr with new, sense OF 'ne'' "M'' r,",
~ the world ana ne" wants Nv, 'u 49,; "".",
ions IN the common PcoPs,e. ~ MI
1iatc results to Europe Of the CruSade'
were incalculable A new spirit OF human
ity and Of enterprise of hone and ni am
bl.ion had sprung mp; ana the "'atn wa.
rant was signed OF me a",'e,' i'H'.'t,
ignorance, SUPERSTITION anu V''"' "'''"
had reigned Ior thousah" years
The second great movement that hast
rned the final conflict for religious ilhcrly
was the Renaissance or revival ot learning
in Furope which followed uron the taking
ne Constantinoplc by the Turks ii l+3''.
That was a momcntous event for Western
Europr. 1t sent hundreds OF Greek scho'-
avs and Iitcratti to find refuge IN the West.
The learning and the MSS, which they
brought with them created great stir.
Schools. academies and universities sprNrg
am everywhere, and the church ceased ~
no the sole custodian OF knowledge. 1t
was os mart of that movement that ihe
University of Wittcnherg was established
Inv The Elcctor of Saxonv. to which ono
Martin Luther came in l5NS as preacher
and professor OF theology A spirit OF m
auiv was Awakened Investigations were
instituted, and historical and scientific
studies were taken mp in real earnest The
rold and lifcless Journalism that had char
scterized the logic Of the school men Dis
appearrd. The study of the Greek and Eo'
man classics became a passion. Princes
md potcniates We'd with each other IN Sc.
rurng eminent scholars and elegant liter.
All TO adorn their courts AND the rich
and thc great became the profuse patrons
". earning "Th t;,m,'M Mss and c,co,ing