davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-11-21

Chicago.-The Record Herald says
900 more men were laid off by the
Illinois Steel Co, in addition to 1900
$ the week before.
Reports from the Connellsville coke
region state that following stagnation
in iron and steel, the production of
coke has reached low water mark, and
reduction in price is feared
The decrease in coke production for
the week ending November IA was
80, 900 ton, the largest in years.
For that period of the 22,597 ovens
in the region, ID, $50 we're active and
e, OO9 were idle. - ~@a
Operators state they have reached
rock bottom price for coke. on the
present wage basis. and any further
reduction In steel and iron will force
5them to cut wages.
By these means the trust transfers
she loss to other shoulders. It will
not be the men in the steel mills alone
that will suffer thereby. Ten per cent
of the men are already thrown out Of
employment, and lose their power to
use up the products of industry and
agriculture. g They will either become
a direct burden to some community or
will compete with other :workmen and
sshus reduce wages elsewhere: The re-
manning men lose twenty per cent of
their income and will have that much
less to pay out for products. Thus
ahe retrenohment will in . greater or
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-11-21

Some Hennepin county politicians
are talking of disinterring the remains
of William Hennery Eustis with the
view of using them in the coming CAM
waign. They have so far been unable
to decide whether to use them in the
gubernatorial campaign or enter them
against John Lind in the Fifth district
Congressional campaign.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-11-21

THE TRUTH is THAT OUR WOMEN HAVE oE7ERoRA7Eo
PHYSICALLY.
Bicycling is suitable exercise for Riding and
fencing and the of the do her good Walking the
which only natural but stimulating and healthy
have abandoned.
The modern girl begins early and continues till her marriage
and often afterward, the UNNATURAL ATHLETICS which
ruin her figure and frequently her health She shoots TALL fat
chested coor and lacking reasonable proportions Wired
and arophed by rough and unseemy habits that delicate
form shnks and WITHERS the health and
No longer have girls the pleasant and healthy lines
of muebty They tend conform standard which is
theirs, but MANS
GOES LOSES 6lRTHRGHT.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-11-21
SATURDAY, NOVEMBER q, 1903.

Platform.
For direct issue of money by the government.
For public ownership of railroads, express
service. telegraph and telephone lines. and
.;pubnc utilities In general. -
For direct legislation.
For tax reforms.
For county option on liquor question In Min
z1esOta :..y>>
For thorough common school education In
fundamental branches as against university
system fads.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-11-21
SaonS OF the TINES.

Bessemer pig iron, which has slowly
gone from s22 SO to Sl5 10 per ton, will
be further reduced to Sl5 per ton.
Any reduction below that figure will
mean Decentralization.
The cut in Bessemer. steel bars from
1892 to S26 per ton is to be followed by
another reduction, which will bring
them to ga per ton.
Structural steel shapes, which in
Chicago have been reduced from s42
to 1913 per ton, are to be cut far below
shat figure by the Steel pool for the
Eastern and Pittsburg districts, which
will convene Tuesday.
In the reduction. of Steel hoops IS
per ton below prevailing prices, and
the shading OF 81 per ton in wire goods,
concessions have been made which are
not yet considered enough. 49,.
After the reductions and readjust-
ments in light lines aud finished
products q combined effort will be
Emade by the railroads to force the cut
In steel rails.--Wall Street Journal,
Nov. 9.
This is not calamity howl; it is> q
plain statements of facts, made by q
financial journal of the highest stand
7ng.
When the steel trust was organized
It was given out that the main pur.
pose WAS not to get monopolistic
prices that is, charging all the con-
=sumer can be made to pay, but to get
stability OF prizes so that contracts
could be made long time ahead
without risk to either producer or
tbuyer. From the above quotations
it appears that If that was the pur-
pose the trust has failed. The trust
simply forced up prices for the boom
speriod. When that was ended it had
TO come down to reasonable prices,
>or the industry would be brought to q
:stand-still. Then it was debating
prices; now it is bidding for business.
But the steel trust does not propose
80 stand the loss accustomed by this
return to normal prices, as is shown
by the following clippings from the
same issue of the Journal:
The United States Steel Corpora alton
is working out systematically its re-
ttrencbment plans.
To date they may be summarized:
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-11-21

The Duluth Herald democratic J
says that the logic of events points to
Grover Cleveland as the democra tic
presidential candidate. He is the one
democrat who could run on any sort
of platform and still suit the pluto
Gratis. $685. .. >...... r..
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-11-21

The three newspapers at Sank
Rapids have been merged into one, to
be known as the Sentinel Free Press.
Fred W. Daggett is the publisher and
S. A. Clark chief pencil pusher.
George w. Benedict retires after halt
century of service in newspaper
work. -. ,:'
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-11-21
less degree eff,ct all parts Of the coun-

less degree efoct all parts Of the coun-
Try. :fS - !, 80 ".,-@7as; ., ~ .:>:::*:
The Commercial West, another
financial journal, sees in these mat,
ters much to encourage the investor in
stocks or bonds of the corporations
affected. It says the new year will
see ''material and labor cheaper,
gross earnings of many corporations
less, but net earnings not materially
affected, and the percentage of net
earnings to stock market values Az.
eraging very much greater. That is,
the owner of the stock will profit by
theseconditions while the workman must
bear the loss. They forget that reduc-
ing the laborer's wages reduces his pur-
chasing capacity, and must affect gen.
eral business nditions and the earn
ing capacity of many corporations.
Thus in their desire to throw the en-.
tire burden on the workers they may
cause reaction in business that will
in the end affect their own business.
But the big trust moguls perhaps feel
that they can afford to do this, thereby
freezing out the smaller investors and
getting their stocks for q mere song.
Then when better times come again
they can unload those cheap securities
at high prices.
Here is another sign of the times,
pointing to the same determination to
make the laborer ''pay the freight"
It is taken from the St. Paul Dispatch
of the 18th inst:
The railroads are reducing the num-
Der Of men in their shops, and also
the number of working hours.
Within the past week the Northern
Pacific has reduced the working hours
at the shops at Gladstone and Como
practically one day per week. The
number OF men employed has also
been reduced.
The Great Northern has taken SINH
lar action at Como, Havre, Mont,
and other points.
The Omaha reduced its working
hours to eight some weeks ago, with q
Saturday half-holiday.
The reduction is stated to be owing
to q falling away in the amount of
construction and repair work on hand.
There may be no panic. That will
depend to great extent upon the PEG.
pie who have money in banks, especial
Up in the great money centers of the
country. But there will be an era Of
reduction in wages, reductions in con-
sumptions of goods, falling prices,
with q severe strain on the weaker
financial and mercantile concerns.
Many of them will be forced to the
wall. The prudent business man will
shorten sail so that he may not be
swamped should heavy and sudden
gust come. The farmer and the bust
ness man dependent upon the farmer
trade have little to fear, unless heavily
in debt, for the reduction in the value
of their products will be to q great
extent counterbalanced by reductions
in what they have to buy.
1t seems strange that such things
can happen after seven years of I'M
Interrupted republican rule. The
party that brought prosperity must be
losing it's grip. Or perhaps it had no
more to do with bringing it than it
has to do with it's temporary passing
away.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-11-21
ATHLETICS ARE running WOMEN

BY II. 3. MARRIOTT WATSON. Novelist
0URING the last twenty years and have never
ceased plume ourselves on the supposed fact that
with the improvement Of modern conditions and tho
increasing attention to physical exercise
have greatly added to their health and heantv
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-11-21
THE CULTIVATED NEGRO s's; =; .. +.:s!t.:
'''- ''~O'~O OF the Hampton
KEEPS TO HIMSELF ; :::"; ;": &c :.' '

efi{829a:) HERE DEAD LINE in the education tho
kX II negro. His capacity for culture be bounded
MAJ 1So1 far individuals concerned. ::< -
8CAj Slavery had its good features we'll its
1t kept negroes from being criminals, and it
also kept them from being educated When slavery Disappeared
THE CRIMINAL CLASS WAS LET LOOSE that class
which is making the trouble.
It is that when you cultivate negro impu
dent demands social equality The south
the negro really cultivated he prefers KEEP TO HIMSELF
and does bother the whites.
No in the history of the world has made such
negroes their emancipation This that the
themselves should lose hope because they
the rights they consider themselves entitled to.
La democracia. (Ponce, P.R.) 1890-1948, 1903-06-26

plumas de orc, costeadas por ell partido
federal de Ponce.
Cada pluma lieva su bonito estu-
che, con una inscription alegorica en- le-
tras doradas.
-Junto al parque de bombas Sc ha
situado IN fotografo ambulante que re-
en- minutes, Y por ell precio Gle % CEN
tavos.
FL p1blico ha acogido con entusias-
mo ell sistema de fotograf1a- -relampago,
y acude retratarse.
En- ell barrio SGuaraguaos>, un
tai Garcia agredi6 4 Celestina Muniz.
Esta Sc dirigi6 q la casa del Comisario
q denunciar ell hecho, dejando su peque
no hijo Juan Alberto al cuidado de una
vecina.
Ell chico, aprovechando un descuido
de su guardadora,. fuese tras la madre,
pereciendo ahogado al pasar ell rio.
Va tiene conocimiento del hecho ell
Juzgado del Oeste.
Nos dicen que Sc trata de suspen-
der las retreats que Sc celebran en- la
plaza SLas Delicias,o para verifcarlas
en- la Playa, utilizando los mismos pro-
fesores de orquesta.
AdqulrlfemOS mas dctalleS para en-
terar nuestros lectores sobre ell parti-
cular
En- un bale que Sc celebraba ano-
che en- la calle Cristina Sc arm6 un es-
candalo, los guardias Jes1s D1az Y
Rafael Gorgas denunciaron 4 sus auto
res, que fueron Cecilio Rodriguez, Juan
MoIer, Narciso Tarrats, Francisco Clat,
Monserrate Plaza, Francisco Perez, San
tiago Gratac6s, Manuel Galvez y Cleto
Espr6.
La democracia. (Ponce, P.R.) 1890-1948, 1903-06-26
Cosas del d1a
AqueIIos poIvos traen estos Iodos

Y este pasa en- Coamo, en- uno de
los pueblos mas cultos de la isla.
iQu6 concepto formaran esos anne
ricanos del Circo Lowande de este
pals s....!
;Qu6 diran cuando regresen a su
patria?
Diran, con raz6n, que este es un
pals de saIvajes 2 que sus habitantes re
sultan mas feras que las mismas fieras
que ellos exhiben.
Pero, no es asf: nuestro pals es un
pals quito.
Las salvajadas que ahora Sc conocen
son, como va hemos dicho antes, obra
del Gobierno.
V6ase la estadfstica criminal raiz
de Ia invasion: no llegaban & 500 los re
clufdos en- las carceles p1blicas: hoy pa
san de 1000..
Y no Ilegan al triple, porque como
los de Coamo, hay muchos que andan
sueltos, cuando debieran estar encerra
dos.
Es tempo va de que ell Gobierno
conozca 10 peligroso que es andar con
el fuego.
La manera de llevar 4 un pals hacia
la prosperidad no es haci6ndole compli-
ce de deseOs ambiciones bsstardas, Y
ell que tai hace, es un million de veces
mas criminal que aquel que 10 ejecuta.
7 que las ttrb0S, no escasean, pru6-
balo este parrafo que al <San Juan
Newso enVfa su corresponsal de 4abu-
Goa
<-Se halla en- este pueblo don
Francisco Cervoni, de Patillas. Este
inteligente joven Sc encuentra temporal
mente en- ell poblado de Maunabo de es-
ia Jurisdiction, interim ha5/o en- su pue-
bio q0ra2at<0s para FL. Ell seflor Ger
voni fu6 un buen federal uno de los
pocos que en- 6pOcas- de terror protesto
frente 4 frente de las fechor1as de las
turbas republicans, que campeaban por
sus respetos, en- PatiIlas, durante ell pc
riodo electoral0
Con este parrafo 10 sucedido al
Circo Lowande en- Coamo, pruebase has
ia la evidencia ell estado vandalico en-
que a6n esta ell pals Ia indiferencia del
Gobierno en- esta clase de asuntos.
Sc figure Mr.. Hunt, que una vez
pasadas las elecciones, SuS lOb0S volye-
r1an al cubil.
Pero 8u8 I060s sienten hambre a1n y
no Sc resignan vivir tanquilos. Va Sc
comeran Mr.. Hunt 81 Mr.. Hunt Sc
| queda .....
tCuando nj los Ze0nes nj los ele-
fantes respetan. -.
Desenganese ell gobierno:
Aque1Z0s z0do8, haen est0s p0Iuos.
GINESILLo.
La democracia. (Ponce, P.R.) 1890-1948, 1903-06-26

Verdaderamente: es mas que bo-
chornoso 10 que ocurre en- ell pals.
Hay un reba jamiento moral que es-
panta una tendencia demag6gica jamas
iniciada en- esta terra durante la domi-
naci0n espanOla, y que con ell actual 60
bierno toma proporciones alarmantes.
En- Puerto-Rico, la palabra t,t1baS
nunca tuvo aplicaci6n forzosa, y ell ele-
mento popular, honrado y pac1fco por
naturaleza, a1n no hab1a sofiado con dis
turbios y escandalos.
Durante Ia misma invasion, ell pue-
bio de Puerto-Rico, salvo algunos casos
criminOsOs, Sc mantuvO serIo Y pacifico,
cuando en- circu1 stancias de esta fndole,
tai vez no 10 hubiese hecho otro pals.
Y a6n despu6s de Ia invasion Y &
raiz de ella, Sc VIC un pueblo mas serio
morigerado que ell de Puerto-Rico?
Como, pues, este cambio?
I De donde salieron las tatr6as....?
Las turbas surgieron de la misma
Fortaleza, de la casa del Gobernador, de
su misma oficina; nacieron del calculo
immoral de Mr.. Allen, cuandO permiti6
que unos cuantos facinerosos desbarata-
sen ell material de una imprenta; sc in
cubaron bajo ell calor de ese mismo Co
bieruo que les cOncedi6 amplia facultad
para desarrollarse Y sc desarrollaron por
fin, bajo ell amparo de Mr. Hunt en- las
Iltimas elecciones, donde hubieron de
llegar al colmo de su madurez cinica y
salvaje.
Y no vali6 ell que los hombres dig
nos, hubiesen establecido su protesta
tempo.
A esos hombres Sc les contest6, por
boca Official, Sque pe0r 27aSab0 e1a el Co.
L0rad0.....3
Y, claro esta, cuando 81 abuse lego
q su cOlmo, por otra parte, .el escan-
dalo lego Ia Metr6poli, despu6s de ha-
Der conseguido Mr.. Hunt 10 que ambi-
cionaba, la derrota de los federales, en-
tonces Sc quiso desandar 10 andado re-
primir los bandoleros.
PerO, va es tarde
Ell Gobierno inocul6 un t6sigo fatal
en- la sangre de esos infeIices, Y ese to-
sligo solo Sc cura en- un hospital, ell pre-
sidio; solo Sc destruye en- un patfbulo, la
horca.
V6ase, sino, ell ataque 6ltimo que la
J0eSr<G de Coamo hizo al Circo Lowan-
de.
Esa 1au1'5u crey6se con derecho &
tomar pOr asalto ell Circo como por asal-
to tomara, no hac1a muchos meses las
mesas electorales, y sin respeto Ia Sc
riedad nj la Ley, hicieron uso de ga
rrotes, de rev6lyers y de piedras, inVa-
d1endo en- ntlmerO de 300 ell recintO age
no, sin respetar nj a las senoras nj a los
nifos, nj q los ancianos nj los caballe-
roS.
La democracia. (Ponce, P.R.) 1890-1948, 1903-06-26

(NoTicIAS DlREcTAs)
JUNO Is.

Apesar de haberse anunciado bien
durante TODD ell dia la retreta que Sc We
rltic6 anoche en- ell <Recreo Ponceno7.
aslstl6 muy poca concurrencia.
Como dia de San Juan, ell pGblico
Sc repartio asistiendo & fiestas intimas
organizadas por los que celebraban su
ola onomdstico, que eran muchos
HAY tanto Juan por ahf!
En- la manana de hoy fAlleci6,
vlctima de un c6lico, el que fu6 popular
y laborioso artesano don Tomas Cruz.
De ideas liberales, milit6 siempre
en- los partidos mas ayanzados Ultima
mente era uno de los mas enthusiasts fe-
derales.
Al entierro, que Sc verifcara ma
mana las s, asistira una brigada del
cuerpo de bomberos, al que pertenecfa
La democracia. (Ponce, P.R.) 1890-1948, 1903-06-26
Tenderness retretd

Sc agita la idea en- esta poblacion y
casi Sc asegura sea va IN hecho ell pro-
posito de formar una banda de m6sica
apropiada, con ell fin de celebrar sema-
nalmente retretas en- ell Parque de esta
ciudad los jueves los domingos.
FL pensamiento es magnffico no
debe abandonarse una vez que su reali-
zacion no es diffcil y que la importancia
y la animation de este vecindario 10 ext
gen.
Adelante pues, Y que, como ocurre
casi siempre, no quede en- p1oyecto.
La democracia. (Ponce, P.R.) 1890-1948, 1903-06-26
GIN NESILLO.

Ell finado desde la fundaci6n del benem6-
rito institute.
Enviamos nuestra condolencia mas
sentida q sus deudos, y muy especial
mente & nuestro amigo ell professor de
mdsica don Domingo Cruz, hijo del fl
nado.
iPaz 4 sus restos!
Manuel Santiago, antique aman-
te de Sandalia Carri6n, infiri6 6sta
cinco heridas graves, de pronostico re-
servado, mientras conversaba con dos
amigas en- Is calle de la Reina, aver &
las seis de la tarde.
Ell agresor fu6 detenido por el guar
dia B2Idomero Ortiz Y puesto 4 disposi
cion del juzgado.
Sandalia fu6 trasIadada al hospital
-Desde ell dia 10 del entrante Ju-
lilo Sc hara car go del establecimiento ell
<Recreo POnc efo> ell americana Mr..
Puryis.
Los cuatr os abogados que defen-
dieron los fede rales que fueron denun-
ciados pOr los su cesos del % de Octubre
pasado, fueron obsequiados con cuatro
La democracia. (Ponce, P.R.) 1890-1948, 1903-06-26
Sc arrienda

La estancia <El Llano>, de Carolina,
compuesta de 256 cuerdas de terrenos
de llanos y vegas, bien para cana de azu-
car 8 malojillo, colindante con terrenos
de la Factoria ~The Progreso Sugar o..
Vis1tese Ia finca y para informes
dirljase al apartado de Correos ndmero
422. San Juan, 2. r., 8 4 don Rafael
Palacios Salazar.
La democracia. (Ponce, P.R.) 1890-1948, 1903-06-26
A VIZ O

FL que suscribe, agente de LA De-
MoCRACIA en- este pueblo, hace saber por
ell presente q los senores suscriptores
morosos, la necesidad de remitir fondos
& Ia Administration del periodico antes
del 70 de Julio, y ruega, pues, Sc sirvan
liquidar sus cuentas antes de esa fecha.
De 10 contrario, irrogaran perdidas la
empresa y la agencia que representa-.
Basta va de ~agua rda y espera.o
Comer1o, JUNO % de 1903.
Ell Agente.
2-1 FEDERICO Colon RIVERA.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1903-09-16
AN AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION.

The practical value of an agricultural
education as given at our state colleges
is well illustrated by case which came
under our observation lately. A farm
boy managed by hard work and close
economy to work his way through a
three years course at one Of the best Of
these agricultural colleges in western
state. While there, in order to help pay
his expenses, he did much Of the rough
and disagreeable work connected with
the college farm-cared for the stock,
MIXED the cows and cleaned out the
barns. AS soon as he graduated an Of
fer awaited him from the owner Of a
fine half section farm, well stocked
with registered Shorthorn cattle, to
take the management of the farm on
share basis on a long lease. And this
was not all. So much confidence was
felt in the young mans ability to sue
cessfully handle such an enterprise that
the owner stood ready to take his note
for almost all of the sum required to
purchase a half interest In the stock.
His course will be watched with inter
est. We look to see him applying his
scientific knowledge in the carrying on
of this enterprise. not only making mon
ey for the owner. but also for himself.
1t Is an encouraging feature that farm
owners are thus beginning to appre-
ciate the value of an agricultural edu.
cation.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1903-09-16
RUSSIAN FRUIT TREES.

We think it just as right to note fail
ures as successes. Here Is brief sto-
ry of our experience with Russian
fruits: Out of five varieties of cher
ries, nine Of apples and six of plums.
ten years planted, we report cherries
a total failure-trees grow, but will not
bear fruit; plums all dead but one. the
Blue Moldavka, which Is hardy and
fruits heavily, but curculio gets all the
crop every year; apples all hardy and
thrifty. Six of them produce few
apples so utterly worthless in quality
that they are not worth picking up.
The other three after nine years pro-
duced two or three apples apiece this
year, all greatly inferior to the Wealthy
both in size. quality and appearance
In the meantime apple and plum
trees of the American type-Duchess.
Wealthy and Patterns Greening in APP
Piles and Wyant. Rockford, Stoddard,
Hawkeye and De Soto in plums-have
been giving large crops of fine fruit
While few very few, good things
have been imported from Russia, the
great bulk of the importations have
proved utterly worthless.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1903-09-16
SWEET CLOVER" TONIGHT.
Will Open the Season of Grand Opera
House This Evening.

There is no denying the fact that
the beautiful scenic production of
"Sweet Glover" was one of the artis-
tic and substantial successes of last
season, and that return dates were re-
quested in every city visited leads
one to believe that this is one of those
good wholesome plays which will live
for years and endear themselves to the
public by repetition wherever possible
return dates were arranged and it is
extremely gratifying to record that
the attendance and receipts were in
creased in every instance. The public
are not slow to appreciate meritor-
ious theatrical attraction, and are al
ways willing to bestow their patron
age upon one which has been proven
worthy of it, nor are they clamoring
for noisy or risque plays, as some
managers appear to think, for the en-
thusiasm which greets the return of
"Sweet Glover" in every city proves
beyond doubt that pure, sweet and
wholesome plays, when presented
with capable cast, are always appre-
ciated.
The prices will range from 30 cents
to 81.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1903-09-16
Illinois Central r. r.
OF INTEREST TO
STOCKHOLDERS.
Free Transportation to Attend the An
nusi Meeting at CT iesgo.

Public notice is hereby given that the regular
annual meeting OF the stockholders OF the
Illinois Central Railroad Company will be
held at its Offices in Chicago, Illinois, on We'd
nesday, October q, 1903, at IL o'clock noon.
To permit personal attendance at such
meeting there will be issued to each holder OF
one or more shares of the capital stock OF the
Illinois Central Railroad Company as regis
tered on the books of the Company at the
close OF business on Tuesday, September, ",
1903 who Is Of full age, a ticket enabling him.
or her, to travel free over the Company's lines
from the station on the Illinois Central Rail-
road nearest to his or her registered address
to Chicago and return such ticket to be good
for the journey TO Chicago only during the four
days Immediately preceding, and the day OF
the meeting, and for the return journey from
Chicago only on the day of the meeting and
/ he four days Immediately following, when
properly countersigned and stamped during
business hours-that is to say, between 800
a, m and p. Min the Office of the Assistant
Secretary, Mr.. w. q. BRUEN. in Chicago
Such ticket may be obtaine2 by any holder
of stock registered as above, on application,
in writing, to the President of the Company
in Chicago. Each application must state the
full name and address of the stakeholder ex-
actly as given i'll his or her certificate of stock
together with the number and date of such
certificate. No more than one person will be
carried free in respect TO any one holding OF
stock as registered on the books OF the Com
pany. A. q. HACKSTAFF,
3i9 Secretary.