davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26

Thousand Lakes, in Mile Lac and adj
Joining counties appears to have been
a region they delighted in and thickly
peopled.
The Chippeways We're originally
from the st. Lawrence valley, where
they were crowded westward by the
Iroquois. They were numerous peo-
shores of Lake Superior. A large body
of them settled at and about La Pointe
on Chequamegon bay. Supplied with
firearms by the French traders in the
latter part of the seventeenth century,
they wrought such havoc with the
beaver and other fur-bearing game
that distant forays to the west and
southwest became necessary. These
brought the Chippewas into conflict
with the Foxes to the south and the
Sioux to the west. Valiant warriors
as they were, the bow and arrow had
to yield to the nusket. The Sioux were
swept from Sandy and Leech lakes,
from the whole Mile Lac region and
forced to the west of the Mississippi
and to the south of the Grow Wing
by the middle of the eighteenth CEN
fury. In time the Sioux were sup
piled with guns and ammunition by
the traders, but they were never strong
enough to recover their lost country
in century Of bloody strife. They
succeeded only in holding a claim to
narrow strip of territory on the
east of the river from Little Falls or
thereabout down to the Chippeway.
This gave them a certain control of
the river and rendered 1t dangerous
for Chippeway war parties.
During the first half of the nine
teenth century there was a certain
business carried on of vast importance
to the wild people who occupied the
territory Of our state. That was the
Indian trade. Trade affected the In
dian far more than royal DEGREES, or
acts of parliament, or treaties, or mis-
sionaries. The trader brought the
rife, the Ratchet and the knife; he
brought the shirt and the blanket, and
what was most dearly priced of all,
the firewater. For them he had moth
ing to exchange but furs. Before the
trader came the Indian killed only for
the support of himself and family.
When furs became the currency by
which he could buy the white mans
rum, cloth and guns he ranged and
slaughtered far and wide to make up
his pack Of skins for the trading post.
The French early established great
military and trading stations at Mack
NAV, Green Bay, La Pointe and Pigeon
river and to these our Minnesota In
dams much resorted, Doubtless the
unlicensed coureurs de bois, who were
the bane of legitimate trading. spread
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26

vt was more than three hundred
years from the first landing OF
Jacques Cartier on the st. Law
renee river to the establishment
of permanent settlement by the
white man in Minnesota.
Champlain, in 1915, himself stood on
the shores of Lake Huron and there
heard from the Indians. whose Ian
guage he learned. reports of great
lakes lying beyond, and of a mighty
river flowing to an unknown sea.
Twenty years later Jean N1colet, a
cadet of the French commandant.
passed the Mackinaw straits, coasted
around the north shore of Lake Micht-
gan into Green Bay and assembled the
Fox river. Three or four days canoe
ing down the Wisconsin would have
brought him to Prairie du Chen. on
the Mississippi.
Two Jesuit priests, in 1912, found
their way to the Falls Of st. Mary and
discovered the looked-for Grand
Lac" soon named Superior. The
west was now open, and 1t was not
long before a well-established route
of canoe travel existed between Que
bee and the 800" and beyond to
Green Bay and La Pointe.
BY the middle of the century the
independent Indian traders - the
coureurs de bois-had coasted the
Great Lake and penetrated to Its trib-
utary waters
First White Men on Minnesota Soil.
Two Of these. known by title names
of Groselllers and Radisson, brothers.
tn-law, the latter a boy, In the fall Of
1896 followed the old Knife-Sioux trail
from the Fond du Lac Of Lake Su-
perior to the neighborhood OF Mile
Lac, where they passed the winter.
According to present knowledge, they
were the first white men on Mime
sofa ground. The next came exactly
twenty years later, in the person of
that intrepid trading explorer and
man-at-arms. Daniel Greysolon du
Luth. Entering the Sioux country in
the fall of 1879. he passed the winter
In their great village called by him
Kathio, near the outlet Of Mile Lac.
He relates that he posted the arms of
the King of France on the trunk of
a big tree. Returning to Lake Su-
perior In the spring, he coasted along
the north shore as far as Pigeon riv-
er. Near it's mouth on the west he
erected a trading post, the first con-
our state.
In 1868, New France, which, like
the early English colonies, had been
under the control of q trading cor
poration, was made a crown province.
Louis XIV. advised by Colbert, was
DESTROYS to establish his proprietor
ship in the west. At great council of
the Indian nations, convened at the
Sault Sainte Marie in 1871, a. royal
commissioner with elaborate and i'm
posing ceremonial took possession in
the name Of his master of all lands
bounded on the one side by the seas
of the north and west and on the other
by the South sea-" about nine-tenths
of North America. The French were
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26

missionaries. He brought geodetic and
astronomical instruments for use in
expected explorations. A spacious fort
was built and named Fort Beauharnois,
in compliment to the governor of Can
ada. The enterprise for many reasons
was a disappointment, and after twen-
ty years the enclosing stockades were
left to rot down.
Brief mention only can be made of
a. third and final effort Of the French
to reach the Pacific. There was a
Sieur de la Verenderye. who had seen
military service on both \ continents,
and had been made commandant Of
the post on Lake Nepigon, to the north
of Superior. He was told by Indians
from the west that there was water
way with but few portages to the salt
water. A rude map traced by one of
them Is said to be still in the archives
at Paris. Supported by the Canadian
government, Verenderye started his
first party from Montreal in 1871 with
high hopes. Proceeding to Du Lhut's
old fort at the mouth OF Pigeon river,
| it followed thence the chain of lakes
and rivers which form for 800 miles
At the foot of Rainy lake Fort: st.
Pierre was built; on the southwest
shore of Lake of the Woods, Fort ST.
Charles. Verenderye's parties were in
the field for thirteen years. BY sue
cessive dashes they descended to Lake
Winnipeg, ascended the Assiniboine,
portrayed over to the Missouri and, fol-
lowing up the Yellowstone, reached
and climbed the Rocky mountains,
Jan. IL, 1743. Here French expedi-
tons to gain the shores Of the Pacific
eliminated. 1t was left for Alexander
Mackenzie to reach that ocean by way
of the Peace river, just fifty years
later, in Canadian territory, and for
Lewis and Clark, not long after, on the
American side, to follow the Columbia
to its mouth. The Frenchman's hope
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26

brilliant idea In the brains Of the First
Consul On the eve Of a costly cam
palgn ready money was what he most
needed. Here was his chance to sell
ms Pig In poke. outwit Great Brit
an ana purse up a goodly sum of
money. The exceedingly interesting
story OF this transaction has nowhere
peen SO we'll told as by Hosmer in his
late book, The Louisiana Purchase
For 81 100000 in cash and the as
sumption OF certain liabilities the
united States became the owner of
80. 1903. :
For obvious reasons France never
look actual possession, and the Span
ish authorities remained in office and
power TIL near the close Of that year,
On Nov. 90 the stars and stripes were
nolsted at New Orleans. ALI Of Min
neSota West on that day became le-
gally American territory.
Sioux and Chippeways.
For the first half Of the nineteenth
century Minnesota was Indian coun-
try. Two powerful nations divided the
mastery. When white men first ap-
peared at the head of Lake Superior
the Dakota and Sioux nations dwelt
and hunted on the st. Louis and other
streams flowing into that lake from
the west and southwest. They were
reputed to be without firearms, to dress
IN skins and to hunt the buffalo with
bows and arrows. The region of the
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26

Der was an ecclesiastic. a. franciscan
OF the Recollet order, Father Louis
Hennepin, already experienced In In
dian life. Dropping down the Illinois
to Its mouth, the party began the toll
some ascent Of the Mississippi.
! They had not proceeded far before
they met a fleet Of canoes, carrying
a hundred Sioux warriors. For some
reason their campaign was abandoned.
and the Sioux set out for their homes
up-river, taking Accault and his COM
panions with them. In little bay
st. Paul, they abandoned their canoes
and, marching overland, reached, early
In May, their villages around Mile
Lac, called in their language MIDI
wakan, Spirit lake. In the first days
Of July, Hennepin. with Augueile, set
out in a canoe for the mouth OF the
Wisconsin river to get supplies which
La Sale had promised to send up. A
few leagues OF padding brought him
to the Falls of Saint Anthony. so
named by him from his patron saint
him Of Padua. He continued his
voyage and was somewhere below Lake
Pepin when he was suddenly overtaken
| by white man, who was none other
| than the adventurous Du Luth.
Disappointed in not having reached
the banks of the great river in his
expedition of 1897, Du Luth decided
on another attempt the next season.
With a party of four Frenchmen and
two Indian guides he worked up the
Bois Brule and down the st. Croix,
arriving at Point Douglas just after
Hennepin had passed down. To over
take him with a single canoe, we'll
manned and lightly laden, was an easy
task. It was the 25th of July when
this dramatic meeting took place. Late
In the summer the united parties re-
turned to Mackinaw. Hennepin pro-
coed to Montreal and thence to France.
| First Post on Lake Pepin.
ed of planting In the upper Mississippi
valley one or more military posts,
which should serve as the point OF
departure and base Of supplies of ex-
petitions which should push for the
western ocean. The first of these was
established by Nicolas Perrot, an ex-
perienced officer, on the east side OF
Lake Pepin, not far from It's mouth.
Here, on the 9Th Of May, 1889, Perrot
ereignty of his king over all the coun-
tries roundabout. Five years later
Pierre lie Sueur built a post on Prairie
island in the river, about nine miles
| below Hastings.
! Owing chiefly to Indian wars, which
cut off access to the valley by the
northern portages, the posts mentioned
were presently abandoned, and no new
attempt was made till after the begin
eighteenth century. On the 18th of
September, 1877, there arrived at a
point on the west shore of Lake Pepin,
near the steamboat landing Of Fronte-
nae, the Sieur de la Perriere with a
strong party of soldiers, traders and
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26

commandments house, let go her steam
whistle and started the gaping Sioux
on dead run for the woods. In 1926
a company of $40 Swiss and French
people, who had come over to join
the Selkirk colony at Pennbina, driven
away by a great flood of the Red river,
by grasshoppers and the hostile North
west Fur company, came down, with
their goods and cattle, to find q bet
ter dwelling place. They were suffered
to squat on the lands about the fort,
from which they had some years later
to be- moved by military force.
A most interesting fact Is that Of
the opening of an agricultural school
for Sioux Indian boys on Lake Cal
houn, by Major Taliaferro. He called
the place Eatonville, after the we'll
and made Philander Prescott the man.
ager. At one time there were 1875
boys in attendance. Large crops Of
corn were planted. This was in 1929,
a year in which the drought was so
great that the streams ceased to be
navigable. For ten months the aver
age rainfall per month did not exceed
one inch.
Arrival of SibIey.
The year 1884 was marked by the
advent of Sibley to have charge of
the business of the American Fur
company from Lake Pepin to the Cana
dian line and west to the Missouri
A year later he began the famous
stone house at Mendoza in which for
thirty years he dispensed princely hos
pitality. At this time the first mis-
sionaries came on the ground. The
Pond brothers, laymen, who after
wards became ministers, built their log
cabin with bark roof on the east bank
of Lake Calhoun in 1884, and set to
learning the Dakota language, Will
hanson followed the next year and
proceeded to Lac qui Parle, where he
labored for some years under the pro-
lection and with the sympathy of Jo-
seph Renville, the French half-breed
trader and Interpreter, who became a
Protestant. In the same year the Rev.
J. p. Stevens built and opened his
mission church and school on Lake
Harriet. The missions on Calhoun and
Harriet closed in 1889, when the Sioux,
who had trounced the Chippewas in
a great battle at Saltwater, fearing a
counter attack in superior force,
moved their villages to the Minnesota
river. DR.. Riggs came in 1887. In
spite of heroic devotion on the part
of the missionaries, their success
among the Sioux was disappointing so
long as they remained in Minnesota.
Hopeful progress was, however, made,
which was the foundation on which a
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26

now more DESTROYS than ever to reach
the great river said to flow south and
not north. Frontenac, ablest Of all
the Canadian governors, taking office
in 1872, was more than willing to ex-
ecute the wishes Of his sovereign.
Early in the following year he dis
patched Louis Joliet, an experienced
explorer, and gave him for companion
the Jesuit Father Marquette, speak
Ing several Indian languages, to search
for the great river. Joliet left Mack
NAV in May, 1878, for the head Of
Green Bay and worked up the Fox
river to the portage on which Fort
rying over to the Wisconsin, the party
rapidly descended that river, and on
the 18th of June their canoes were
dancing on the ripples of Mechasip i-
the great river. Their romantic jour-
ney need not be further traced. 1t is
unlikely that Joliet will ever be de-
prived of the glory Of having dis
port to Frontenac inflamed that Off
cial to know the sources and the out
flow of that river, and he soon found
the man after his own heart to UNDER
take the quest, Robert Cavalier Sieur
de la Sale. 1t was the ambition Of
this heroic character to trace the great
river to it's mouth and to proclaim the
dominion of France over all lands
drained by 1t and it's tributaries. This
he did in 1852, with observance due.
Hennepin on the Upper Mississippi.
It was part of La Sales business
to explore the upper Mississippi. He
was wintering in 1880 at a halfway
station he had selected on the Illinois
river. Here he made up a small party
to attempt the upstream journey. For
leader he chose Michael AccauIt an
experienced voyageur, cool, brave and
prudent" Antoine Auguelle was add
ed as lay comrade. The third men,
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-11-26

Continued on Sixth Page, Historical
Section.)
The oasis., 1903-11-14

can, Sinoloa. Local periodicals state that Don Jesus represents an
 Am erican company in this project the feasibility of which seems ap- parent. The ore from this north western part of Durango, from the camps centering about Topia, and Tamazula. now usually seeks its outlet down the valley to Culiacan and thence to Mazatlan 10 be ship ped, n s cad of following the shorter but rougher route through the mountains to Tepehuanes on the northern extension of the h. ternational railroad.
 L. A. Times: A new group of American capitalists are about to enter the railroad building field of Mexico. The NJ ex ican govern ment will grant a concession for a new road next January. The road will run from the border of Ari- zona south and southeast to the city of Guadalaiara and probably to the City of Mexico. The new road will be called the Mexican and Coast line. The men prin- cipally interested in the project are David Moffort of Denver, Colo, and the principal stockholders in the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company. It will start at Douglas, Ariz., where it will connect with the El Paso and Southwestern Railroad, and will run south to the great mining camps of Cananea, Mex. Thence the route is south, down the valley of the Yaqui River to point near the mouth of that stream, and thence southeast down the Pacific coast of Mexico to the port of Alttta. At Altata, the road will connect with the short line of railway which runs from that place to the city of Culiacan. The lat ter road has been acquired by the projectors of the new line. The route from Culiacan is down the Pacific coast to the Rio Grande de Santiago River, and thence up the rich valley of that stream to the city of Guadalajara.
The oasis., 1903-11-14
ACROSS THE BORDER.

a concession from the Mexican gov sernment for the establishment of a
 complete sewer and sanitary sys- tenn in the City of Mazatlan. It is stated that the contracts call for S the expenditure of about $2 100000
 Since the bubonic plague was era dicated at Mazatlan the Mexican
 government has been active in it's efforts to improve the sanitary con dition of the port. Mir. Chanler is now constructing complete sewer and water works systems at the Port of Tampico.
 Mexican Herald: Charles G.
 Pearson, who has been engaged for
 several years in cattle raising in Colorado has just arrived in the republic. Mir. Pearson has come here to look over the cattle raising prospects of this country. He and number of aitners have been of fered a bond on a large tract of grazing land in the state of Coahu- l fla and MT. Pearson is in the city to have the titles examined. When that work is completed he will go to Coahuila and make long stay on the land with the purpose
 of finding ont it's grazing capacity fduring the dry season. If the con ditions of grass and water appear satisfactory the parties interested | will, at an early date, stock the land, with some fine herds of beef
 cattle and breed stock for the mar
 ket. Mir. Pearson states that he
 expects large influx oi beef esting 1
 Americans into Mexico within
 few years, and that he hopes to be
 able to supply them with beef as
 fine as any that goes through the !
 Chicago or Kansas City stockyards.
 Monterey News s. c. Smith, l
 of the Cinco de Mayo mine on
 Mitre mountain in Mexico, stated that within a few days the work
 of building wagon road from the
 mine to the plain would be com-
 menced. As yet but little ore has
 been sent to the smelter because of
 the difficulties attendant on trans. porting it by burros. The wagon
 road will permit many tons to be sent down each week. A new body of ore was found this week that is much richer than any encountered so far, according to Mir, Smith, and the extent of the vein seems mex
 haustible. The miners have aband- oned work on the lesser paying ore and all are engaged in taking out the production from the new ledge. The ore is piled close to the mouth Of the tunnel and is awaiting the of the road. It will then be brought down and sent { either to shelter No. ? here or to the , shelter at San Louis Potosi. Mir. smith will go up to the mountain In the early part of the coming week to see what progress has been made by his men.
 Mexican Herald: Don Jesus Alamada, the prominent sugar planter and agriculturist of Sinola, | who has several times served as \ acting governor of that state, has . spent several days here, before proceeding on his way to San Francisco, where his family is at present. The chief object of this 'lslt to Durango was It is said to confer with Governor Santa Maria | 'elatlve to concessions for the pro-
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-20
Athlete and His stomach.

Probably the most important consid-
Grafton for an athlete in training is the
condition Of his stomach. The quaa-
tity and quality of food and the reg
ularity of meals and sleep are all care
fully watched. because it is necessary
for the stomach to be in perfect rum
ming order if the athlete would make
the most of his powers. For this i'm
pCrtant organ affects the nervous sys-
tenn as We'll as the muscles, and the
nerves and head have as much to do
with winning race as the sinews.
There is danger in Overeating a s there
is in insufficient nourishment, the train
ers say; because. while the latter may
wea ken a man. the former produces
dullness and inertia. "A man with his
stomach full, said Trainer Hirsh burs
at Columbia university. hasn't the
clean quick nerve force that an athlete
must have to get the most out of 1is
muscles -'-Lesiie's Weekly
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-20

Kansas State university. Miss Smith
located in New York several years ago
and began the study of art at Cooper
Union Art school, founded by the late
Peter Cooper, and said to be the largest
school in the world for women. In this
school Miss Smith took up a course in
normal drawing and designing and final
ly drifted into water colors as her par
ticular line of work She has a studio
in Carnegie hall-one of the large studio
buildings which contains so much of
interest in art and music.
It's all very we'll" said Miss Smith,
to talk about living for art l would
rather live by it. and with smile she
continued: When I started out for my
self I did as most young artists do, ex-
hibited my work to be sold on commits
sion. I soon found that to be very
slow method of getting rich. However
laudable it might be to live for art,
concluded that while I was obliged to
make it a matter of business. I should
have to adopt business principles I cast
about me to see what the public most
desired in my line and then adapted
myself to its demands. I found that
small productions such as menu cards,
programmes. valentines. Easter cards
and other novelties took and later on I
added parasols and hats, and it wasn't
long before 1 found I was fairly started
in a successful way in my art life.
you know a stylishly dressed woman
wants everything in harmony from the
top of her head to the parasol in her
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-20

making a fight for the convention next
year. F. ". Parrott. of Clay Center.
Kas.. was elected auditor In the drills
in the senior class of F'oresters, Kansas
City Mo, took the first prize.
Relief work on the part Of fraternai
societies is taking the attention of al
most all of them at this time, so the
lodge news of any different nature is
not abundant. The value of the serv~
ices of the fraternal societies to the re-
lief of food sufferers in Kansas can not
be computed. Almost every Organiza.
tion of this nature that has contributed
to food relief funds has contributed not
only to the direct benefit OF members Of
its order but has added something to
the general relief funds
Various ways of helping have been
adopted. although every lodge has
asked its members to make some con-
tributions outright. On Tuesday even
ing. June 80, Ark No co. Knights of thu
Protected Ark. viii give a social with
refreshments for the purpose of collect
ing money to pay the assessments OF
the North Topeka members The
North Topeka mem hership in this lodge
was not great, but the others have
turned i'm to help with an energy which
promises much to their benefit The
state Office of the X =. A has issued a
call for donations from the various
lodges in Kansas.
Macca bees in Kansas have also done
much toward alleviating distress result
ing from the flood Immediately upon.