davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1903-05-16
MACHINERY ! I I and |! !.
LABOR. PROBLEM T
HENRY WHITE OF GARMENT
WORKERS. UNION DISCUSSES
PROBLEM OF LABOR,
HOWE'S FIRST MACHINE
=
Direst Consequences Were Predicted,
. But the Reverse Proved True La
Dor Profited From it.

I approach this subject with con-
siderable n1isgiving, because the prob
lem of machinery involves the entire
labor question, for it is the complexity
of conditions due to machinery that
has given us the labor problem.
This age is pre- eminent in mechani-
cal achievement; still, many believe
that labor saving methods are detri-
mental, that only a few profit by them,
to the disadvantage of the rest. The
strange paradox is thus presented Of
an ingenious and enterprising people
actually doubling the value of means
that renders labor more effective and
increases human capacity.
The confusion upon this subject is
due to the difficulty of understanding
the workings Of our complete Industrial
system, the inability to discriminate
between the benefits society derives
from labor saving methods, the dis =
turbances they cause, and the abuses
associated with them
The economy of a primitive commun-
ity that consumes all it produces is
readily understood. 1t is seen how
every increase in the productiveness of
the members adds to the general pros
perity, and how each one participates
in the wealth of the whole. If the
farmer has abundant crops, the tailor,
the shoemaker, the blacksmith, obtain
cheaper food: If the other workers
through improved tools are enabled to
produce cheaper, the farmer, including
the Workmen, receive cheaper goods or
better service. The purchasing power
of money is thus increased and each
one is enabled to buy more with his
earnings and indulge in new comforts.
The new occupations that in turn open
up give employment to those who hap
pen to be displaced by improved ma
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1903-05-16

chinery.- This result is dependent upon
a wholesome mot ruinous), 1competi-
ton being maintained, so that profits
will be kept down to a minimum, and
provided the wage earners are able to
command a. just. compensation, and
prevent wages from being decreased
whenever the>cost of living is 1essoned.
The principle of cooperation that
underlies private enterprise is thus
evident. It works out in rough way,
and more perfectly as the defects Of
the system are corrected. In more
developed society with it's highly
specialized and therefore more efficient
methods, only. part Of the plan is
observed at, a time, and it's intricate
operations become confusing. Sud-
denly the laws that work so benefic-
emily in the small community appear
to be reversed. Labor saving methods
become a calamity, because the effect
is to- Interfere present pursuits
and deprive some of their accustomed
means of a livelihood, to render USE
less skill acquired after a long
training. The benefits all seem to &C.
crue to the person who first uses an
invention. while the ones displaced are
apparently shut. out Of the industrial
system. It is not noticed how they are
gradually absorbed into other channels
OF employment that open up as the
cost Of production is decreased. If
such were not the case, the whole in
dustrial mechanism would soon come
to a standstill, considering the pro-
gress Of inventions supplemented by
n hot
and the increasing proportion OF
women breadwinners. An adjustment
coincident with the displacement must
evidently take place somewhere or the
number Of unemployed would be ap-
palling. This is the pith Of the prob
lem. The example cited of the primi-
tive community explains how by les
SEEMING the cost of commodities the
spending capacity Of the consumer is
Increased, and In thai way industry
expands. The immigrants and the
women introduced into the factory be-
come in turn buyers, and hence create
a demand for goods that results in the
employment of as many as they have
displaced. The evil of immigration is
not that the aliens take the places of
native laborers, but rather is due to
the crowding into the most available
occupations that offer them the means
to temporarily subsist; to their lower
standards of living and general help
1essness, all of which is taken advant-
age of, to the. detri1nent of those who
are striving to uplift the standards.
The same applies in degree to the
women partly dependent upon their
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1903-05-16
MANAGER WANTED.

| +. Trustworthy, either sex by whole
sale mercantile = company Of solid
financial standing, to manage s. Local
Representatives VIII will. organize
clubs anon mon consumers i 1l 90 per cent.
saved for our 4. cllstome rs. Business
no experience but proven success.
SALARY s. 800 week expenses al
ssYanceS sxpe rlence Unnecessary. al.
Glarlkso 4.Dear-
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1903-06-18

habit, and they all walked out of the
window to the horses, which were wait
ing at the door. He placed her in the
saddle, mounted himself, and bidding au
revoir to Mrs. Champion, they started
for their ride.
Reginald usurped the greater part Of
the conversation on the way, much to
his sisters annoyance, but she had no
intention of betraying any ill-humor be-
fore Mr.. Hastings. When they arrived
at HAZEL Court they dismounted, sent
the horses to the stables, and proceeded
to explore the house. Miss Champion not
only expressed herself, but was in real
ity. delighted with everything she saw.
Flora was rather silent as she rode
home. She was thinking how pleasant
it would be to be the wife of a man like
Enrol Hastings, and the mistress of
place like HAZEL Court. He was speak
ing to her in low, earnest tones; and
as he passed the Farm did not turn to
look for Winfred. And Winifred, sitting
under her favorite clump of beeches,
book in hand. looked with wistful eyes
after them: and when he had passed out
of sight, without once turning to look
for her. she hid her face in her hands
and cried bitterly.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1903-06-18
MODERN ENGINEERING FEATS.
Recent Work in Australia Has Been
of Value to Gold Fields.

An unparalleled engineering feat has
recently been achieved IN Australia
of immense value to the gold fields.
The Coolgardie water scheme is to
Australia what the famous Assuan
dam is to Egypt. The remarkable
feat of pumping 100000 gallons of
water day for a distance of 800
miles, from the Helena River to Kali
goorlie, has been accomplished by
English engineers by means of great
dam, called the Numbering weir,
ninety feet high, constructed across
the Helena River twenty miles from
Perth. The reservoir capacity is about
5,OOOO0O,000 gallons. There are a
number of auxiliary reservoirs and
pumping stations along the thirty-inch
steel water main which runs along the
railroad line to the goldfields-the
richest square mile of earth on the
globe"-near Kilgoorlie. The only for
eign enterprise of equal Importance is
the Simplon tunnel. the great burrow
which will make Switzerland and
Italy next-door neighbors. In a short
time Pullman trains will pass through
the Slmplon Alps In a few minutes.
1000 feet under the snow-covered dill
igence road which Napoleon Bona
parte built a hundred years ago and
which takes about ten hours to
traverse in favorable weather. This
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1903-06-18
BuiIded Better Than He Knew.

A Wednesday,, England. resident in
the sixteenth century left $1,000 to pro-
vide annually ON st. Thomas day
three gowns and three coats to indi-
gent persons of the parish. Following
the custom of the times the money
was invested in land lin this case in
minerals). and the original legacy has
Increased in value to $4,000. Instead
of the three gowns and three coats the
charity commissioners who administer
the funds are able to present 200
gowns and sixty coats.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1903-06-18
He Wanted Specifications.

There Is never any uncertainty
where / stand" said the pompous
speaker at the ward meeting; I'm a
stalwart!'
Whereupon the little man with a
squeaky voice half arose and. putting
his hand to his ear. inquired: "What
kind Of a wart?-Kansas City Jour-
nal.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1903-06-18
Regular Thing Now

Stranger lin Pacific coast photograph
gallery)-Why have you got this enor,
nous stuffed fish hanging here?
Photographer-That is for the use OF
persons who wish to send to their
friends In the East a picture of the
33O-pound sea bass they have just
caught with a hook and line.-Chicago
Tribune.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1903-06-18
Books Well Done.

81 have something exceedingly rare
In the way of books"
'4Thanks. When 1t comes to DooA'
prefer one that Is well done."-Har
per's Bazaar.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1903-06-18

satisfied
the
isolation neither
constantly growing desire to join hands with
population establish
shall and
the mountains lakes the pair establishing rapid
bringing different
another creating
o
saucly
already well provided with transportation for invariably
it's business remarkable STILL
traffic that could have existed without it's
Of
belief of
this subject brought Illinois
awakened within the three the
service this character month being
hours of
had been separated by hundreds of miles,
fitted with the appliances lighting
structed the and continuous
conditions often with Of travel
the With
all
irrespective of weather conditions they able
steady delivery their produce where
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1903-06-18

tremendous rathole. which passes I'M
der Lake Avino, will cost the Jura-
Simplon Railroad over $15,OO0,000-
Golfers Weekly.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1903-06-18

Gaiety is not proof that the heart
is at ease, for often in the midst Of
laughter the heart is sadie Genlis.
The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1903-06-18
INTERURBAN ELECTRIC RAIL
ROADS IN THE MIDDLE WEST

My about fifteen when the electric car began
mid assault the immediate suburbs of large citio
it was always considered doubtful whether il wor,
successfully bring people of small towns to ha
come regular travellers if it ventured on nterurban
work No such fears haunt the minds OF tboso
who promoting trolley enterprises. From every
part Of the United States is coming steady demand
for interurban electric service municipalities so small
to be able to find their way onto the maps only bv
suerance are demanding connection with larger ceners
and their citizens coming to the front with such
pledges support that they will not have wait lone
Durango semi-weekly herald., 1903-03-12
SCHWAB
,,RETURN|NG
HOME

NEW YORK, March 11.-Next to
more attention in finaccial circles
than does Charles NJ. Schwab, presi-
dent of the United States Steel Cor
poration. Mr.. Schwab is scheduled
to sail for home today on the steam
ship Kronprinz Wilhelm, and as usual
his movements are watched with the
keenest interest in Wall street. Mr..
Schwab's friends say that he is entire
ly restored to health and will resume
his duties as president of the billion
dollar corporation Immediately upon
his return. Fore more than a year
Dame Rumor has beer familiar with
the name of Schwab and the report
has been and continues to be persist
emily circulated that the president of
compelled TO resign his position on ac-
count of the state of his health.
On the other hand, it is asserted by
persons in close touch with the steel
concerns affairs that the board of di-
rectors has never entertained the idea
of permitting Mr.. Schwab to retire.
His services, it is said, are altogether
too valuable, and his genius for organ
ization is more than ever required to
carry out the reforms and economics
which the company proposes to in
augurate as soon as the the fifty mil
lion dollars of additional working cap
ital provided by the stock conversion
plan SO long held up by the Hodge
suit becomes available.
According to one of the high Off
cials of the United States Steel Cor
poration, the substantial prosperity OF
the country is emphasized by the con
tinual demand for all steel and iron
products. The increase in business as
whole has been about 10 per cent
Durango semi-weekly herald., 1903-03-12
MEN OF MANY FAITHS.

PALO ALTO. Calf. March 1l.--An
advance session of the Worlds con
gress of Religions is to be held at Le-
land Stanford university during the
coming week. and elaborate prepara-
tions for the event are being made.
These gatherings. composed Of per-
sons of all creeds and faiths, were be-
gun at the Chicago Worlds fair. Their
object Is mutual understanding lead
ing In the end to the lessening of re-
ligious prejudice. and. possibly. to the
eventual amalgamation OF all creeds.
DR.. H. w Thomas. for long time
pastor OF the Peoples church of Chi
cago. Rabbi Hirsch. and DIR. Jenkin
Lloyd Jones. also of Chicago. and 9th
er eminent religious leaders are now
on their way to California to take
part in the session TO be held at Stan.
ford. This meeting is but one Of a
number shortly to be held at San
Francisco. Los Angeles, Santa Bar
bara and other California cities. and
the main purpose Of which Is to draw
the attention of prominent churchmen
to San Francisco as the possible
meeting place for the great biennial
session of the worlds congress to be
held next year
Durango semi-weekly herald., 1903-03-12

WOMEN RUN A NEWSPAPER

BOSTON. Mass, March 1.-THE
first newspaper to be trun entirely by
women in the United States and the
only one in the world outside of Paris
made its appearance in Cambridge to-
day. 1t is weekly sheet and is call
cd The Cambridge Press. The pub
Usher and managing editor, Miss Alice
Spencer Geddes. is a prominent young
woman of Cambridge and for the last
five years she has edited the woman's s
department of the Chronicle. Miss Bes-
sic Brainard is associate editor and
Miss L. j. Norton the assistant manag-
ing editor. Every one on the staff,
from the chief to the office girl is OF
the gentler sex, and in the mechanical
department all are women with the
single exception of the pressman. The
paper starts with large subscription
list and the promoters consider the
outlook exceedingly bright.
Durango semi-weekly herald., 1903-03-12
TRAlNLoAD OF GOLD
ARRIVES IN SiLVERTON

SILVERTON Colo, March S.--(Spe-
cial to Denver Republican. )-The Gold
King Consolidated mines sent down to-
day by special train, which was well
guarded by force of armed men, one
of the largest shipments of gold re-
torts ever sent from a mine in this
country, being the gold retorts which
had accumulated and the monthly
cleanup of the mill, representing the
February output of the mill and mine.
The gold retorts weighed over 200
pounds, and represented 1886 ounces
of gold. valued at $1,000. Besides this
amount of gold the mill has turned
out and shipped 1900 tons of concen-
trates, valued at 500 per ton. the
whole amount produced for February
being about sl75,000.
Durango semi-weekly herald., 1903-03-12

MYSTERY
OEEPENS

BUFFALO. N. Y, March 1.-THE
district attorney has issued orders
that nobody be permitted to see the
remains of Arthur Pennell. not even
police captains to be excepted.
The medical examiners report
shows that Pennel in falling over the
cliff in his automobile, broke his cram
ium, right thigh, left elbow left
shoulder, third, fourth. fifth and sixth
ribs, left knee, left wrist, and besides
had numerous dislocations, and cut
two inches deep in the back along the
spine.
newspaper man who interviewed
Pennell In regard TO the Burdick mur-
der mystery yesterday morning, says
Pennell was told his messenger boy.
who was near Burdicks house on the
night of the murder. said he could
identity the man who ran from the
house Pennell grew white instantly
and asked. mo. did the boy say
that? Are you sure. do you believe
it?" Pennell took four large drinks
of whiskey in the twenty minutes in
terview. Pennell carried two hundred
thousand dollars life insurance.
Mrs. Arthur Pennell continues un-
conscious at the hospital this after
noon. and fears are entertained for
her recovery. BY n coincidence, the
machine on which Pennell met death
was the one In which he used to 10
riding with Mrs, Burdck. and has fig
ured In the story of the Burdick di-
vorce suit. According to the neigh
bors Of the Pennells, Mr.. and Mrs.
Pennell were laughing and chatting
gaily as they got into the automobile
in front of the house, which carried
one, and perhaps both, to their death.
Durango semi-weekly herald., 1903-03-12
A LARGE SCALE.
The Geyser Mine at Dunton Will Em-
pioy Many Msn-MiII to Be
Rebuilt.


Rico News: From present indica-
tons. the Geyser mine. located one
and half miles below Dunton, is to
become one of the big producers of the
San Juan country. Heretofore this
property has been considered little
more than prospect by outsiders. and
two men have performed most of the
development work. However, the i'm
| mense body of ore that they have dis.
closed has interested outside capital
| and already number of men are
| working and a large force will be en-
ployed just as soon as they can be
used to advantage. At present the
company is handle; pped by poor trans
portation facilities and is unable to
get material from the railway as rap
idly as it would like
w. S. Evans. a Milwaukee capitalist.
who is interested in the mine was in
Rico this week, and is very enthusias-
tic over its prospects. He says the
property will be worked on a large
scale the coming summer. Lloyd Gil
ligan of Dunton is the promoter of the
company and has charge OF the opera,
tions now going on.
The Geyser vein is true fissure
lead and the values carried are mostly
gold. The ore is not phenomenally
high grade, running from SIG to S42
per ton, and the promoters are enthus-
ed over the immense quantity rather
than the superior quality of the ore.
The vein is uniform throughout, and
it is said that a blindfolded man can
pick as good samples from it as an
open eyed expert.
The 50-stamp mill at Ophir Loop of
the Ophir Consolidated Mines com
pany, of which Senator w. S. Buckley
is general manager is running steadi-
ly day and night, and treating an av-
erage of $50 tons of mineral every "a
hours. The values are recovered by
amalgamation and concentration, and
while the exact amount yielded per
ton is not known. they are reported by
Henry r. Buckley, brother OF Senator
Buckley, who has active charge of the
property, to be quite satisfactory. A
large portion of the ore produced by
the mines that is coming from the Ida
and Verdict veins runs almost eXclu-
sively in gold and is free milling to
high degree This yield is converted
into gold bricks at the mill and
shipped direct to the mint. The bal
ance of the ouput is from the Silver
Bell and Butler vein, which carries
from two to five and six feet of con
centrating material, which returns
profitable values in gold, silver and
lead at the smelters From one TO tive
carloads of concentrates are sent out
daily.
Durango semi-weekly herald., 1903-03-12

The Palace of Fire Arts. the most
important OF the buildings to stand on
the hills which form part of tho site
of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition.
will not form part of the main picture
of the exposition. 1t win not be seen
from the lower plateau where the bi-
exhibit buildings are located. The
Festival Hall and the Terrace of
States occupy the brow of the hill and
close the picture, The reason for this
is that the Art building is of buff brick
which does not harmonize well with
tie white staff of the exposition build
ings below. The hill is heavily wood
ed. The director of works describes
the Art building as follows:
THE Palace OF Fine Arts of the
Louisiana Purchase Exposition, which
will contain the products of the high
est development of man. will be on
top of Art hill. at the base of the cres-
cent which forms the brow of the hill
The building will be located about l25
feet back from the crest of the hill
The magnificent Festival hall will
stand on the very crest in front of the
hlL Ididce- lulS WIS not done 10 rel
egate the Art Hall to the rear, but to
complete with a large and ornate
building the semi-circular picture that
Will crown the entire ridge of some
1,6OO feet in length and win close the
vista of lagoon and cascade.
Every effort has heen made 10 pre-
serve the present contour OF the park
around the Art buildings Instead of
obtaining level surface by extensive
grading and filling with earth, a level
base has been obtained by moderate
amount of excavation and by using
the eXcavated earth to form an archi-
tectural garden to be enclosed on
three sides by the Art uiliings The
greater portion of the eastern pavilion
of the Art building and a considerable
portion of the western pavilion will
be placed upon pile construction so as
to form the necessary terraces. This
makes it possible to preserve many
more of the beautiful trees surround
ing the building than could have been
preserved by any scheme of filling and
terracing away as is done in other sim
liar locations. Trees will be saved
even if they are within six feet OF the
wall of the building.
Durango semi-weekly herald., 1903-03-12
ROOSEVELT DON'T BELIEVE
IN FRIDAY HOODOO
%.

WASHINGTON, d. c., March H.
President Roosevelt expects to leave
for the west next week or the week
after.
When he does go 1t will be on Fri
day. He does this because he be-
lieves it lucky day. The day of the
battle OF San Juan and the day which
made him president began on Friday.
and ever since he has started on jour
neys on that lucky morning His wes-
tern, southern and eastern trips were
all begun on that day, as well as his
hunting journeys. Still it is pointed
out to him that on the New England
trip Secret Service Officer Craig was
killed, and the western trip was cut
short by injury to the presidential
knee. and there has always been an
accumulation of untoward events. His
friends, therefore. insist that Friday is
his hoodoo and not his mascot.
Durango semi-weekly herald., 1903-03-12

1 The Art Palace as whole will be
divided into three separate structures
The plan of the three buildings is in
the shape of capital "E." the open
part facing the south The main or
central structure is to remain after the
exposition as permanent museum
1t will be $40 feet long by l60 feet
wide. and separated from its two an
nexes by open courts "A feet wide,
This separation not only encrcles the
architect to develop the four facades
of the main Art Building with all the
beauties at arts command but IL
serves also as fire protection of the
best possible sort
The main facade of the structures
fronts north towards the main picture
of the fair. The group is designed
in graceful. well proportioned Ionic
style accentuated at the main entrance
of the center building by Corinthian
order of majestic proportions On
this facade the architect has avoided
the use Of window openings, thus Civ
ing the building the accepted charac.
teristic of an Art Palace.
ut edSl anu west fronts are
treated for about one-half the length
in the severe style of the main IA
cade. Back of this and including the
entire south front the architect has
lishtened his wall surface with open
ngs of graceful proportions
The cer.ar of the main building
VIII rise III q pedimented construction
to a height of some 40 feet of the gen.
eral sky lire.
The ground. 4SS feet by 2G2 feet.
enclosed on three sides by the Art
buildings, is designed as sculpture
garden in highly ornamental and
pleasing classic style. 1t is the desire
of the architect to place here replicas
of antiques and to inlay the walls fac
ing the garden with replicas of tablets
and mural sculptures that have
brought down to us the art histories of
the distant past The architect has
tried to enhance the beauty of this
garden by extending percola along
its southern line connecting the two
ends of the annex buildings.
The main or central structure will
be thoroughly fireproof and of the
most solid construction. A large and
majestic hall for statuary is to ex-