davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
OVER TWENTY LIVES LOST.
Oakford Park, a Pleasure Resort In
Pennsylvania, Engulfed In
a Raging Torrent.
CL0UDBURS1 CAUSES 4 DAM TO BREAK.
Some of the Victims Swept Away and
Others Crushed Into UnrecOEnix-
able Masses buildings Swept
Awny and Torn to Pieces-A Mum.
be1 of bodies Found.

Pittsburg, July 6.-Another horror
similar to that Of Johnstown occurred
yesterday at Oakford Park, between
this place and Johnstown, when by
cloudburst and the breaking OF dam
scores Of people were drowned. The
estimates Of loss OF life range from so to
100. Many bodies were swept away
and are floating in the darkness
toward the Monongahela river, while
others were found crushed and bruised
into unacceptable masses by the col
lapse Of building in which they had
taken refuge. Still other bodies have
been found burned into blackened
masses from having come In contact
with live electric wires which fell on
the victims who were fleeing for safety.
CIOudburst.
The dam which burst was at Oak
ford Park lake. The lake was formed
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
MANY PERISH.
Fozr Killed by Heat and Three BY
Storm in New YOFk-Fatal
ClOudburst In Texas.

New York. July "A terrific storm
here Thursday followed period Of most
intense heat. There we're four deaths
from the heat and score or more OF
prostrations. Already three deaths.
traceable to the storm, have been re-
ported. and many persons caught In the
fury OF the wind were injured.
Fannie K!nsler, a siz-year-old child,
frightened by the storm and blinded by
the rain. ran directly under a swiftly
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09

n. J. Gunderson, aged 80, attempted
to kill his aged father and mother In
La Crosse by shooting them with
rifle Neighbors rushed into the home
and prasped the weapon in time to
prevent the tragedy. The attempt was
the result Of a trivial misunderstand-
Ing. The police were called to arrest
GunderSon, who fought fiercely, and
three men were required TO overpower
him. He was examined and declared
insane.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
King Grects LOubct.

London, July 7-President Loubet,
has ever represented the French ma
ton as the guest of the British court,
arrived in London from Dover soon after
four o'clock yesterday afternoon and
was greeted by King Edward and the
prince Of Wales. accompanied by the
cabinet ministers and host of other
distinguished persons.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09

Gov. La Toilette has appointed At.
torney John NJ. DIN. of Madison. and
former Secretary Of State Thomas j.
Cunningham, Of Chippewa Falls, as
members of the board of state forest
commissioners created by bill passed
ut the recent session Of the Legislature.
These two men, together with the sec
rotary of state, state treasurer and at
rorney general, are to compose the
board.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
Not an Fin glish Bulldog.

A snobbish young Eng!ishman, ac-
companied by a smoll dog. recently
got into a street CIR and sat down OPP
posite an IrishmAn Tho latter was
Immediately attracted by the animal,
and after some advances, which werc
haughtily received by the master,
asked outright what lind OF dog it
was.
1T is a cross between an ape and nm
Irishman." was the loud-yoiced reply.
Faith. thin, we're both related to
tn baste," retorted the Irishman,
Observation-Disclosures Star.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09

Brazil, Ind. July 3.-The premature
explosion Of shot" at Superior mine.
No. /, Thursday afternoon instantly
killed Jesse Perkins, and fatally injured
George Perkins. The men had lighted
the fuse when 1t flashed up and the shot
exploded before they could get away.
Jesse Perkins was terribly mangled.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
Sent to Prison,

Montgomery. Ala. July George d.
and Barancus Cosby, the two white men
who pleaded guilty to peonage for hold
Ing negroes In involuntary servitude.
have been taken to the federal prison
at Atlanta. These are the first cases OF
their kind In the United States where
the parties 20 to the penitentiary. The
Cosbys sentence will forever lose them
their rights OF citizenship unless par
doned by President Roosevelt.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09

Tho ChIcagoRockford hosiery works
Mt Kenosha has taken the lead in en-
forcing the new law In regard to child
ab0r in Wisconsin factories, and the
8 children under II years of age who
had been working in the factory have
been discharged. Their places will be
alled.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
New Cable Line Completed.

Oyster Bay. L. L.. July 6.-Around
the world in nine and half minutes
Is the remarkable record made Satur-
day night by message to President
Roosevelt from President Clarence H.
Mackay, president OF the Pacific Com
merical Cable company. over the new
American Pacific cable.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
VICTIMS OF CYCLONE.
Eight Persons Lose Their Lives in
Minnesota and Great Damage
IL Done to Property.

Heron Lake. Mimi. July Eight
persons are known to have been killed
In tornado which swept Jackson coun-
ty yesterday. The dead are Mrs. Joseph
Fritzher and two children; Daniel Gal
lagher and two children, and two uni
Identified men. The storm first struck
four miles northwest Of Wilder. then
turned eastward. laying bare a strip
40 rods wide and IL miles long Dam
age to farm buildings Ia heavy.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09

Fort Dodge, la. July Clara Fox, OF
Omaha, was instantly killed while max
Ing slide for life" on wire stretched
from the courthouse tower 10 tcle-
phone pole half block away. The har-
ness In which she hung became un-
buckled just after starting. She fen
into a crowd 100 feet below. striking w
II. Wheeler Of Fort Dodge, and fatally
injuring him.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
Traredy In Texas.

Austin, Tex, July l.-Frenzied by
supposed wrongs. w. @. Hill. an attache
Of the state comptroller's Office. entered
the private Office OF State Comptroller
II. N. Love and killed him with a re-
volver. As Hill turned to fiee he was in
terceptcd by Chief Clerk Stevens. OF the
department. who engaged him In a
scuille. during which Hills revolver
was accidentally exploded and he was
killed.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09

st. Joseph, Mo. July 6.-Fire yes
terday afternoon destroyed the main
building of the Hammond packing
plant. causing loss estimated at
81 100000 The Nelson Morris plant
was saved by heroic work 1t Is re-
ported that two, and possibly three,
men lost their lives. The carcasses OF
$500 hogs, 1900 cattle and 800 sheep
were burned
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09

by the construction of 4O-foot en-
bankment, which damned up num-
Der Of small streams. In the afternoon
400 people assembled at the resort.
The day had been beautiful one, but
warm and sultry Very suddenly the
skies darkened, severe storm swept
over the park and rain began to de-
scend in torrents. 1t was the worst
cloudburst ever known In this part Of
the country.
Warned the Crowd.
Manager James McGrath. believing
there was danger of a break in the
great walls Of the dam. hurried among
the crowds of pleasure seekers who
had gathered under the roofs OF the
various stands In the park and warned
them to run to the hills On both
sides OF the pleasure grounds there are
high hills, the park being located in a
ravine about fourth Of a mile wide
and milo long.
buildings Wrecked
Half an hour after the buildings had
been cleared water to depth OF five
feet was flowing over the entire length
OF 400 feet of the dam. The park or
ravine, studded with buildings, the
merry-go-round, the laughing gallery
and other amusement places we're
twisted about, and all except the dane
Ing pavilion and large lunch stand
were knocked from their foundations.
Dam Gives Way.
Suddenly, while the storm was at
It's worst, four feet OF the dam gave
way, and wall OF water 40 feet I'm
height swept down upon the pleasure
seekers. who were caught in the little
valley which forms the park. When
the wall of water was seen approach
Ing there was panic In the restaurant
building. Forty people who had taken
refuge there made frantic effort to
escape which resulted in the frail
building collapsing. Some were
trampled to death in the excitement
which followed. While some were hur-
rying across the street car tracks the
trolley wire fell and caught them In It's
meshes. How many were electrocuted
VIII never De known.
Trolley Car Caught.
A trolley car which contained 80 TO
10 people was crossing the bridge over
Brush creek. The motorman saw the
great wave OF water coming and put
on all the power at his command. 1t
was another race for life. but the water
ran faster than did the electric car.
When the car had reached the center
of the bridge the water struck II. The
bridge was swept aside as though Il
had been log. taking the car with its
Inflated victims with It. number OF
bodies have been taken from the car.
but many others were washed down
tho valley.
Damage Elsewhere.
Penn. town but short distance
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
lynched.

Charlotte, N. c.. July 4.-John Os-
borne, negro who criminally as
saulted and afterward robbed Miss Liz
zie w. Entz, a white woman, aged 50. at
ber home in Union county, last Sunday,
was taken from officers while en- route
to ,ail and hanged by mob OF I'M
known men.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09

Washington Park, Chicago, July a.
Alan-a-Dale broke the worlds record
for one mile over a circular track al
Washington park Wednesday after.
noon. running the distance in 1879
The former record OF 1:374-5 was
made by Brisadier at Coney Island in
1901. Salvador holds the record for d
straight course. He made II in 1890 in
l:3SL.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
IyU Ghed.

Norway. s. G.. July 2.-Charles
Evars. colored, suspected Of the muir
der Of John L. Phillips, was taken
from the Jail here Tuesday night aud
lynched by mob. -Four negroes, who
were confined in the jail. we're also
taken by the mob and beaten into in
sensibility.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09

Tho weekly crop report OF the gov
eminent weather bureau says for Wis
ronsin: Corn improved, but still back
ward; rye seriously injured In Wlscon-
sin valley by late frost, elsewhere head
Ing we'll; winter wheat good; oats, bar
ley. spring wheat and rye satisfactory.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
DisnStrOuS Fire.

Bloomington, ILL.,, July 2.-Fire at
Ocoya. a village 80 miles north on the
Chicago 4 Alton, caused loss OF $780,
600 Wednesday. The origin was in the
immense elevator of kirk atrick& Lack
land.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09

from Jeanette, was the next victim
Here the water was 20 feet deep, and
there are known to be three victims
At the Greensburg race track rs valu-
able race horses were drowned. At r.
win the freight depot was washed
away, entailing loss OF several thou
sand dollars. The total loss by the
flood, 1t is estimated, will reacn $780,
600
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09

Fire In Milwaukee destroyed four
big elevators owned by the American
Mating company, entaillng loss es'
tlmated at 100000. Another fire gut
ted building occupied by Work
jrothers, a Chicago clothing company,
nd afterwards extended to the David
total loss Is estimated at about $780,.
900. partially covered by insurance.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
The Public Debt.

Washington, July 1.-The monthly
abatement of the public debt shows
that at the close Of business June 30.
1903, the total debt. less cash In tho
treasury. amounted to 1925, oil ,637.
which Is n decrease for the month OF
S1O,676, 1896.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09

La Crosse, Wis. July IA severe
windstorm, followed by food of rain,
did considerable damage in western
Wisconsin and eastern Minnesota Tues
day morning. Hundreds of acres Of
corn in this vicinity was laid low by the
wind and the rain was so heavy that
many crops on side hills were almost
entirely washed out
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
Many Patents Granted.

Washington, July "A summary OF
the business transacted by the patent
Office for the fiscal year ended June 80
shows that 80, 229 patents were granted
and 54,256 applications filed. The re-
ceipts OF the Office were 81 .591.2 The
wear has been one OF the most prosper
GUS in the history OF the bureau.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
severe torn,

A severe windstorm, followed by a
food Of rain, did considerable damage In
western Wisconsin Hundreds Of acres
Of corn In the vicinity of Ia Crosse were
laid low by the wind and the rain was
50 heavy that many crops on side hills
were almost entirely washed out.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
German Wins Auto Race.

Bally Shannon. Ireland. July 3.-The
international automobile race for the
James Gordon Bennett cup was run
Thursday and won by Jenatzy, men,
Der of the German team, who covered
the distance of 370A miles In six hours,
SO minutes and nine seconds. including
the stops imposed by the regulations.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
A Scene of Woe.

Jeanette, Pa, July 7.-As a result
Of the breaking of the Oakford park dam
Sunday SO persons are known to be dead
and 16 are missing. The property loss
In the valley will reach 1880. 900. and
the distress is so great that outside re-
lief will have to be asked for. The num-
Der OF lives lost was not so great as esti-
mated. but the list is long enough to be
appalling. From = happy, prosperou
contented valley. this section In single
day has been transformed into q great
household OF mourning.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
AIRED Journalist Dead.

Toledo, o., July CLARK Waggoner.
for SO years an editor Of Ohio newspa-
pers. died at the Toledo hospital Thurs
day, aged so years. He was editor OF
the Blade from 1856 to 1865. and editor
OF the Toledo Comemrcial from 1866 to
1876.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
Indicted.

Chicago, July 2.-True bills were
voted by the grand Jury against Alder
man John J. Brennan and IL others be-
cause of the part they are alleged to
have taken In election frauds In the
Eighteenth ward.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
Work of the Pension Bureau.

Washington, July 3.-During the fls-
cal year which closed yesterday 1872, 1923
claims were allowed by the pension
bureau and 1l3. 100 rejected. The num-
Der of allowances exceeded those OF last
year to the extent OF 1905. The num-
Der OF reflections In 1902 was lis. AGA.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
Money In Circulation.


Under the offer Of the secretary o'
the treasury, made on March % last
TO refund s1O0.o0O,OO0 Of short term
three and four per cent, bonds I'm cx-
change for new two per cents. $50
793.800 OF four per cents Of 1907 and
N4.408,G00 Of three per cents Of 1903
had been exchanged up 10 yesterday
when the offer was withdrawn.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09

Hanna, Wyo.. July Ia terrible ex-
plosion of fire damp in mine No. l Of
the Union Pacific Coal company at
1890 o'clock yesterday is believed to
have caused the death Of 236 miners
and caused the destruction Of a large
amount Of property Forty-eight men
we're taken out during the afternoon,
all badly injured. Two Of them died
after reaching the surface.
The explosion completely shattered
the timbers OF the main shaft and the
other entrances and filled the work.
ing with broken timbers and huge
masses OF earth and coal brought
down by the shock. Those Of the min
ers who were not killed outright by
the explosion were buried alive. 1t Is
believed.
Heard for Miles.
The explosion was heard for many
miles around and attracted people
from the adjoining settlements. Huge
timbers and railroad iron were hurled
from the mouth of the shaft a dis
lance OF 200 or 900 feet Supt e. s.
Brooks and large force Of men at
once went to work 10 remove the de-
bris from the shaft and reach the en-
tombed miners. Their progress into
the mine was blocked by the foul
gases, and several times they were
forced to return to the surface.
Taken from the Mine.
The rescuing party was increased
from time to time by the arrival OF
ranchmen and others from nearby
towns, and large number came on
relief train sent out from Rawlins at
two o'clock in the afternoon. About
one o'clock in tho afternoon four men
were taken out alive, and half hour
later they were followed by A others
Gas Delays Work.
Then the rescuers were driven out
by the gas and we're unable to pene-
trate farther into the mine until an
additional opening had been made to
permit fresh air to reach the lower
levels.
An expert who went almost to the
seventeenth level says the mine cannot
possibly be cleared for month. 1t Is
feared that men in the lower levels
were torn to pieces by the explosion,
which hurled great timbers high over
the town and 100 feet beyond the
mouth OF the slope.
Some of the miners that escaped
said they saw 20 dead bodies In one
entry. They reported that many Of
tho men were crazed by the explosion
and ran hither and thither In the
mine.
Considered Dangerous.
The Hanna mines are among the
best on the Union Pacific system,
being established in 1878 The town
was named for Senator Mark Hanna,
when he was interested IN the Union
Pacific Coal company. Mine No. is
practically a new property. 1t has rs
entries, Is miles OF workings. and
main incline shaft Of one and one-half
miles in length. The mine has been
recognized as dangerous property
for some time on account OF the large
amount OF gas. but the system OF VEN
tilation has been SO good that an ac-
cident was not anticipated.
All Hope Abandoned.
Hanna, Wyo., July 3.-Of the 234 men
entombed by the mine explosion on
Tuesday the bodies OF only five have
been recovered and all hope that any OF
the others are alive has been aban-
doned. Fire and smoke are prevent
ing exploration OF the lower workings.
and it Is feared that many, II not all, OF
the bodies now in the mine will be con-
sumed.
nm
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
SCORES LOSE THEIR LIVES
Explosion of Firedamp In Mine at
Hanna, Wyo., Buries Many
Miners In Its Depths.
OVER TWO HUNDRED PROBABLY KILLED.

hers and Earth, and Work OF Res
cuers stopped by Gas-ShOck Heard
for Miles and Attracted People to
the Scene.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09

During the fiscal year the mints Of
the United States coined 205 ,891 Ago
pieces, OF which 1912, 824 were pesos
and various denominations Of ccntavOs
for the Philippines; 1901 900 were for
the government OF Venezuela and
100000 for Colombia. The total
value of American coins executed was
E4,203,o 900, against $9i,526.67S in the
previous year
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
Trolley Car Caught.

Penn. town but = short distance
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09

The dam which burst was at Oak
ford Park lake. The lake was forme
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1903-07-09
LAWYERS.

SEDGWICK, SEDGWICK SCHMIDT
MYERS Office
,sn Collections promptly
New-York tribune., 1903-06-27
The HOTEL CLARENDON.
ATLANTIC CITY, 4. J..

I HOTEL MORTON. Vf-g1-fz-=v--- rear BEz-h Ca
st-e-s
/ e-s ~ eoc-s 61s tztle oc@s1 y5s< De, AZ tn'
/ res- N-s = ? EAISESS~ P-cp-lsto--
New-York tribune., 1903-06-27
The NEW KITTATTENY.

DELAWARE 7---z7 CAP "a
r--s-r =.=-z---
---z< --z-zsz e---E --zs z-- -sl[s -
---zz -=--.-z 49, fs--z -z--s g.
-----z-=--z I-1s--z-e- --1-.=- --z - ~
: Z EE--- --T1,-- l-z-
T-=-sS 4 r-PP-S-C--- 7--z-s- zzz51-- =z-- A-z-->
New-York tribune., 1903-06-27
AhiThklLtE, n TIVE LE5I T. l. I HE INN
%EW YORK CITY NOW OPEN
Hotel New Point

AlsaEE co0i. 10 feet from Bsg. Table
aTc service - the best electric lights with private
baths Accommodations for 20 horses; reasonable
z HATHAWAY.
New-York tribune., 1903-06-27
THE ST. CHARLES,
Hotel Dennis,
HOTEL TRAYM0RE.

ATLANTIC CITY =
-e--zs-= --e- ----1----- yea EszrE s--T- ~
e,---e-zz--= r--z< ---z-e-zz zs-=-
rz5----= -RzTScgEE HOTEL CO.
WHITE E-=S1-=--
New-York tribune., 1903-06-27
Summer Resort GHides.
VACATION RESORTS

.-5-z Nh S---= -. L--s -=z-- ~---- = =
esz-.-E --z-5 I-ez-7-s 70 r---=---- z-t z---E -
E.-s=zl-=z z-1 Ll--e=-z =z -=z1-=z - s-=s-
tug a. =z5---z- --z-- ------= -. Sz-
v-z So 2-s-- z-z-5 q S=- E--z Se- Hz--- a.
E=z-.s--z Pz---zz z5-= Y 8 G-z-z c=--z- s-z---
- III. -- p. 7zzze-z-- -=-z--zs-- Yea Haze =.
descriptive s7esz z-- Isis q 1--=-z a1z---s --s=a
-z-sz . s-z-z al rzszz-E=- fares
New-York tribune., 1903-06-27
The COLUMBIAN.

100 ISLAND PARK. 81 Lawrence River \
Tie best ocstec and attractive among fb.
Thousand Islzacs- Thoroughly respects
oTcheE--a. boating. hshng etc. Open June d
L JOHNSON. Prop.
New-York tribune., 1903-06-27
LAKE
MAH0PAC, n. Y.

- 80 o1eS = select family hotei GOLF AND ALL
OUTDOOR SPORTS Suos-.or accumulation. Excel
lent cuisine Hour = IRON X Y CITY VII
= = & Esrier1 = 2 -. 7 d p. r. Tele-
EHERso.S CLARK. Proprietor
New-York tribune., 1903-06-27
THE lockwood.

sIfI[E EaL-" Mn ECFE
THOUSAND ISLANDS
Ve-y select ] and g1lt aa t1s grounds re
e Cuisine G-ssTpzEsed rege.z-Ies frou
gs-ce-F Batting and bathing ant as--nE
EFECTAL- RATS FOR TT-EE AND SEPT ~ RE-2
C.en from Tsns 10 Oct ! A BRIGGS Azr
New-York tribune., 1903-06-27
RICHFIELD SPRINGS. n. Y.

GRAND VIEW Mt HOUSE. EAST WIxDHhM \ 7
VI -Fl1est lScatIon the CataklIig elevzt!oa zoo
feet TeflEe1 sgrr0JncinEE
ALFRED : GaLER. Eas, windhan y Y
New-York tribune., 1903-06-27
THE SHARON HOUSE,
SHARON SPRINGS, n. Y.
PAVILION HOTEL AND COTTAGES.
SHARON SPRINGS. n. Y.

EeFf Hl.-s -.--r. EaZresla- f-a.-lez'a --~.-zs =
trc F1-1--zz-s l--al --1- -ee---
Ter-ea-r-. gree t-o- 1a-t4 -a5-allraa= F1- tz-
g. larz s-- t,1fl--@ 1-E-E -5's Erca1aar. 3