The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1903-04-12
A CITY MADE TO ORDER
DALNEY, TERMINUS OF THE TRANS
SIBERIAN RAILWAY.
A Free Port Established by Russia
on the shores of TaIienwan Bay
Thronged with officials.

tongue signifies far away" owes its ex-
istence to the will of the Russian emperor,
who, in 1899, by an imperial ukase decreed,
apropos of certain then recent arrange
ments with the Emperor Of China concern
ing an outlet for the Transsiberian Rail-
way connections on the Yellow sea, that
this new city should be established on the
shores OF Talienwan (bay) as a port ito be
opened to the fleets of all nations
Under the existing arrangements. the
great Manchuria9 sections of the Trans
siberian system, aggregating some l,SV
miles of track and including the trans
manchurian branch from Hardin on the
main Port Arthur, or Dainy line, to Dalny's
twin Pacific terminal, Vladivostock, are
operated by the Kitaiskaya Vostochnaya
Jeleznaya Doroga, or Chinese-Eastern Iron
road. a Chino-Russian company enjoying
Iull leasehold rights for the necessary
tracks and terminals in that province
And 1t is this company that has been
charged with the creation OF Dalny, and as
yet stands as the ultimate landlord in its
affairs, the construction being still In the
hands Of its engineers and other officials,
although the fee of the town lots is salable,
and the future control and maintenance of
the municipality to be presently delegated
to council of ratepayers'' to be formed
Ii somewhat incomplete analogy to that OF
the foreign concessions of Shanghai.
The Interesting work thus in hand is now
deemed TO have sufficiently progressed 10
admit of at least tentative sales or leasings
to The desired and expected outsiders, and
to justify a transfer OF the railway ana
steamship offices, administration staff and
headquarters generally Of the China ends OF
the transsiberian system from Fort Arthur
and Hardin to the new city.
Thus, while prudently diScouraging mere
spectators, or such persons as do not pro-
pose to reside as well as build in the town,
the Russians invite the presence and par
ticipatiOn of all nationalities, even opening
the local doors TO the Jews. who can here
freely buy and own property, as they may
not do in other territory under Russian
control. That the natives are likewise well
coined goes without saying, SINCE every
where in Asia these must necessarily sup
ply the foundation of any successful trad
ing community, and since the Russians gen.
orally admit the Chinese TO a more kindly
mtimacy-and thus 10 better understand
ing-than do any of the other foreigners
who are settled along the Asian Pacific
coast
POORER QUARTER DEFINED.
But In this instance the multitudinous
poorer classes of the indigenous folk are
not TO swarm among the foreign residents
as they have elsewhere been imprudently
suffered to do. being. instead, held con-
veniently aloof from the main city by an
intervening park. a precaution the mani
fold advantages of which will be readily
appreciated by those who know the un-
pleasant and detrimental grouillement of
the British colony of Hong-Kong and of
the Foreign Concessions OF Shanghai
Then, too, Dalny is, by its fundamental
charter, free port as to customs charges,
and moreover will otherwise be relieved to
the utmost practicable extent from those
har eli which
where commonly obtain, an exemption OF
prime consequence in that scheme Of para
mount attractiveness which here is ex-
pected TO allure both shipping and manu-
featuring commerce, and which is support
ed by the already suggested local condi-
tons OF thoroughly up-to-date and ade-
quate facilities, plus fine and wholesome
climate, easy access. and ample supply OF
cheap fuel and labor.
The presence of the railway in the'new
port should alone sufficiently insure a large
shipping trade, but the astute Dalny man
ayers are looking for more than this, ex-
pecting, as they confidently do. and appar-
emily with excellent reason, that the ample
shores OF Talien bay will soon be dotted
with manufactures, drawn from the world
over to avail OF an exceptionally econom-
zeal assemblage and manufacture of raw
materials. for whatever market. there or
elsewhere, the resultant product may be
designed.
that the demands OF the outside world
may prove 10 be for such manufactures
must remain to be seen. but in this respect
the goods need encounter only the moder-
ate handicap OF ocean-transit rates, the
trade concerning them generally being con-
Quoted under circumstances wherein a
cheapness OF first cost should prove of
dominant advantage In competition with
rival products from less favored manufac-
tories.
The splendid bay supplies the facilities
for grouping the expected industries, the
loop railways designed to augment these
ample water connections being readily i'm
sSinable. Here also Is an elaborate dock
and tetty system. with ample break-water
tnclOsure and modern loading and dis
charging devices already well in hand, and
nearing readiness for safe and prompt ac-
commodation of that extensive traffic which
must inevitably seek an ocean terminus of
over seven thousand miles of railway; es-
pecialiy where, as here such railway af-
fords the shortest and best highway of COM
munieation between the more highly devel-
oped of the greater sections OF the world
That Dalny, in addition to her facilities
for the loading and discharging of vessels
Will enjoy equally fun convenience for their
repair, and even for their construction, is
a matter OF course in a project so thorough
going as this.
MODERN IMPROVEMENTS.
There are many features besides the
docks and shipping facilities which deserve
attention in the Dalny scheme. The already
created wide, well-paved, severed and gut
tered streets or roads; public parks, stone
and brick administration and other build
ings. hospitals. hygienic water supply, cleo
trio lighting plant. tramways-the latter
presently TO include an extension to a
bathing beach OF the future-or. I'm short
all that nowadays goes by the term of
public utilities. These have been made or
are nearing completion on a scale suita BILE
for comfortable use and economical MAIN
tenance OF a considerable population which
Is yet TO appear. All these good and use
ful things are presently TO be turned over
TO the coming citizens free and clear of all
aldermanic jobs ineptitudes on highly
favorable terms and under ample security
for their safe and profitable future enioy-
ment That such prospective citizens will
about the world, Is both expected and de-
sired by the Russian authorities; for the
theory OF Dalny's future and Thoroughly
adequate protection has been wisely based
upon a widespread international invest
ment to be thus created therein.
And hence, although Port Arthur which
Is only some forty miles away like other
adjacent points that command the RAILWAYS
outside the extensive district allotted to
the new town and harbor, and as well as
those farther on In Manchuria, may fairly
Cossacks, there Is not 10 be the slightest
suggestion OF military safeguard present
or contemplated at Dalny. Just here the
astute Russians are borrowing leaf from
the experience OF Shanghai. which. under
like conditions. has been able to summon
the fleets and troops Of the outside great
powers TO her aid I'm times of stress and
this too without thereby encountering an
unpleasant expense account Per contra
the nearby German creation OF Tsintau.
on Kiao-Chou bay. lies open TO Inspection
n fC -.