davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
FOR KILLING HUSBAND.
Mans Wife and Mother-in- Ar
rested at Syracuse.

Syracuse, N. Y, Jan. Mrs. Maude
Kiehl and her mother, Mrs. Addie
Fennier, We're arrested at their home
in South Onondaga, today, on war
rants charging them with the murder
Of VIM. kiehl, husband of Mrs. Kiehl.
This is the outcome of the inquest
concluded at Cortland, yesterday at
which evidence was produced tend
ing to show that VIM. Keihl died of
arsenical poisoning.
1t is the second time that Mrs. Kiehl,
the 1S-year- old country girl, has been
arrested. Several months ago she was
accused of poisoning Adam Kiehl. her
brother in law, the theory of the
prosecution being that she killed him
to prevent his marriage to another
woman. The examination caused
widespread interest. owing to the youth
and beauty of the widow. She was
freed.
The officials began an investigation
into the death of the girls husband,
who expired some time before his
brother Adam, under almost similar
circumstances. The result is the ar
rest of both girl and her mother.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
A GREAT STRUGGLE
Is Coming Between Nations Of
World Says Nordau.
DepIores the Growth Of Military I'm
periaIism in United States.
Final Contest Will Be Between Anglo
Saxons and Russians.

Vienna. Jan. LIN the course of an
world contributed to the Neue Freie
Presse by Max Nordau, the writer
deeply deplores the growth of military
Imperialism in the United States, and
says that by the admission of the spirit
of militarism, which was formerly rig
ously excluded, America is raising OBJ
stacles to the entrance of ,emigrants
whose only capital is their strong
working arms.
Speaking of the future of the new
world M. Nordau says the opening OF
the Panama canal under American
ownership Will mark the beginning of a
new epoch. The tragic stage Of the
worlds history which, in ancient times
centered in the Mediterranean, and
which moved in the naval ages to the
Atlantic will then be transferred to the
Pacific ocean.
At first the Anglo-SaXon element vii
seek to drive out the German and
French flags over single points in the
Pacific ocean; then the struggle will be
carried further to the Asiatic coast
where Anglo-SaXons and Russians will
have to decide the momentous world
question of whether eastern and south
ern Asia shall remain British or Rus
sian. To this forecast M. Nordau adds:
lone can only imagine with horror
what such a gigantic struggle of ma
tons and races will signify
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
SPARKS FROM MAINE WIRES.

The following United States inspectors
We're sworn in, Thursday, at Portland, t.
fill vacancies: Thomas +. McGillicuddy
now agent in Portland for the Portland
& Nashua branch of the Boston & Maine
John A. Gordon of Portland, and Charles
P. Cushman of East Pownal. These
three inspectors will be all assigned ia
duties about the steamships.
The Biddeford police are on the hunt
for Joseph Dunton, laborer who is want
ed for forging the name of John f. Goo
gins, president of the Saco and Biddeford
creamery, to Il check for $50 and for
passing this worthless piece of paper on
John Lublinsky, dry goods dealer. Dun
ton is an old soldier and has lived in
Biddeford off and on for a quarter OF {,
century at least and has worked for 1.
number of different citizens.
At an executive session of the Easter,
Maine Music Festival Association at Ban
gor Wednesday night, the following Off
GERS We're elected for the ensuing year
President. Hon. r. Q. Beal; clerk ana
treasurer, George S. Chalmers; directors,
Hon. T. o. Beal, Charles j. Wardley. Mrs.
Frank Hinckley. Miss Jane B. Pickering,
M. H. Andrews. Joseph M. Bright and
John L. Parker of Bangor; F. w. Rollins,
Ellsworth; p II. Longfellow Machias,
and Hon, John f. HILL Augusta
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
NEW YEARS LAUNCHING.
Four Master Hope Sherwood Sent
Overheard at Bath.

Bath, Me-, Jan. 1.-The first launch
ing Of the New Year and the 301st from
the ward of the New England Ship
building Co.. occurred, this afternoon,
when the four masted schooner Hope
Sherwood went overheard. The craft
was built under the direction of Capt.
C. A. Davis of Somerville, Mass, her
managing owner, and is intended for
the lumber carrying trade.
The dimensions are: Length, 1I2.S
feet; Breadth, 1856 feet; depth of hold,
IA feet; gross tonnage. CSC. The total
cost was $4,000. The schooner has
been chartered to leave for New York
next Saturday to load coal for Provi-
1ence, r. J.
While in the stream luncheon was
served on board to the Massachusetts
and Rhode Island owners among whom
are James A. Totten & Co, by Capt.
Davis and Capt. H. l.. Gilbert of Rock
land, the commander. The Sherwood
was christened with champagne by
Miss Marie Passmore, stenographer for
the New England Co.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
BRILLIANT SOCIAL FUNCTION.
Mrs. 7. w. Hyde Receives In Honor OF
Her Sons Recent Marriage.

Bath, Me-, Jan. 1.-tSpeciaD. The most
brilliant society function of the season
in this city occurred. tonight, when IL
New Years reception was rendered by
Mrs. Thomas Worcester Hyde for the
purpose of giving her friends an oppor.
tunity Of meeting her son. Mayor Ed
ward Warden Hyde, whose marriage to
Miss Alice II. Morse of this city, oc.
Cured q few weeks ago.
The affair proved social triumph ana
was one OF the most delightful ever held
here. Elmhurst, the magnificent nome OF
Mrs. HYDE was brilliantly lighted and
the simple though dainty decorations So
conspicuous in all the rooms made most
impressive picture. !.
As the guests arrived they were shown
To the large drawing room where Mre.
w. HYDE, received. after which recourse
was had all over the house More than
AGO people were present, including mostly
Bath people.
The gowns displayed at TINS reception
We're magnificent creations of the dress
maker art. Mrs Thomas W. Hyde wore
an exquisite Paris creation Of BLACK
chantilly lace and a necklace OF pearls
and diamonds. while Mrs: Edward W.
Hyde's dress was OF pink Chiffon
A fun orchestra of 10 pieces was sta
toned in the upper hall, and renelered
delightful music there until ABOUT ~
q clock, when the great throng had be
come somewhat thinned out, after which
the musicians went downstairs and fur
nished dreamy music for the younge pco-
pie who enjoyed dancing In the sun paf-
Tor. which was handsomely lighted with
Japanese lanterns.
Delicious Refreshments We're served dur
ing the evening and the affair will so
down in the social history of the city a;
one of the largest and most successful
ever held here.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
KNOX COUNTY COURT.
About $1,000 Liquor Fines-Three
Dealers Take Jail Sentences.

Rockland, Me, Jan. Liquor cases
made New Years a busy day in the
supreme judicial court for Knox coun-
ty. Fines amounting to $1,000 were i'm
posed during the day. Three of the re-
spondents took Jail sentences, one Of
them being a woman.
Charles e. Standish, who has been in
Jail eight months on appeal, appeared
il, court, today, and retracted his plea
of not guilty of felonious assault upon
Ella Dougherty, a 13-year-old girl. JUS
tice Spear sentenced him to one year
at labor in Auburn Jail.
Retiring Sheriff Caddy was presented
a gold watch, today, by his deputies.
At the court house, tonight. Sheriff
Tolnlan entertained some so leading
Democrats of Knox county. A fine din
ner was served and remarks were made
by Senator Staples and others.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
Conditions and General Forecast.

Washington, Jan. Pressure con-
tinues high throughout the middle por-
tons of the country, the crest of the
eastern high being over the middle At
lantic states. Fair weather has gen.
orally prevailed. The temperature
changes have been generally unimpor-
tant. In New England the Lake re-
gion and the Northwest temperature is
to 10 degrees above the seasonal aver
age. During Friday, rain area VIII
overspread the Mississippi valley, the
middle Atlantic states and southern
New England. Snow or rain will cor
tinue, Saturday, in the lower Lake re-
gio1 and thence eastward to the New
England coast. Along the middle and
South Atlantic coasts the winds will
be fresh to brisk northeast, shifting TO
westerly by Saturday morning; on the
New England coast variable winds Will
become fresh northeast, Saturday.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
o'BRIEN WHIPS WEINIG.
Latter Absolutely OutcIassed and at
No Time in Fight.

Buffalo, N. Y. Jan. lit took Jack
O'Brien - rounds to dispose of AL
Weinig before the International A. c.,
at Fort Erie, this afternoon. The Buff
falo man went down and out in the
middle of the 18th after receiving a ter
rife right hand uppereut and shove
which banged his head against the
floor and made his arising within the
10 seconds an impossibility. The con-
test was one-sided all through and
Keinig was made a veritable chopping
block by the clever Philadelphia.
Wenig did not land q. score of clean
blows throughout the II rounds, while
O'Brien with singing jabs, cutting
swings and stunning counters placed
on the Buffalo man where and when
ever he pleased. But Weinig's vitality
and well-known powers of recuperaton
and ability to stand punishment. en-
abled him to stand on his feet and take
all the gruellng without going down
until the finishing punch.
O'Rrien fought the fastest Il rounds
ever seen before the Fort Erie Club. He
was in action every second, feinting,
shifting, dancing in and out and pill
ing in the blows on the husky biker,
and although he landed a sufficient
number of times on Weinig's jaw to
have won half dozen fights he SEEM
ed to lack blow powerful enough to
knock him out Weinig was knocked
down clean in the first round and was
hanging on the ropes in the second and
fourth rounds, but his strength held
him until OBrien had literally cut his
face to ribbons, closed both eyes and
wore him down until he was unable to
protect himself or do damage to his
opponent. OBrien did all the fighting,
Weinig seldom attempting Il lead.
O'Brien finished without a scratch and
Weinig was all cut up.
Three thousand people saw the con-
test. There were three short prelimi-
naries, all between local amateurs, one
ending III a knockout, the other two be-
ing stopped by the referee, B. II. Nc
Bride.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
ANDRoscoGe nc )UNTY.
Sheriff Cummings a HI Deputies All
Ready for ISL ess.

Lewiston, Me-. Jal l. Lewiston sa-
looms are all CLOSED an the liquor
business lis at a s. DIS II. Most of
the saloons have lie sither out of
"A business altogether ol ito barricade.
|THesbeers and other u,tlkv liquors have
been hidden or shipD | ut of town.
Sheriff Cummings ,ol the oath of
office on Wednesday IN assumed Of
flee. this morning. His deputies were
summoned to the jail his morning, and
given certain instru or 5. They then
were given a dinner the Elm House
at which a numbe of citizens and
county officials wer al 0 present
The liquor deputit ! E. Stevens,
3. O. Pare. George L. Seavey and
James A. Hurley W, Yorn in, this
forenoon.
In addition to the Ii of deputy
sheriffs appointed By tn sheriff some
time ago, he commits. On I, today, two
others. The new sheriff as recognized
the claims of the Pr iii lion party to
the county for sore consideration,
from the fact that he vs the nominee
of its ticket as well "a, g. the straight
Republican, by the az ointment of
Rev. Nathaniel G.. F nci of this city
as civil deputy, and A. !, Howard of
Auburn as deputy or he Jail work.
shop.
County Attorney SIX Il II is thorough
|ly in sympathy with II ? enforcement
movement and it " Il 90 hard with
any offender convicted Q violating the
liquor laws. The M Il um penalty
will be insisted upon ~ cry case and
jail sentences Will und u)tedly be free
ly imposed. Sheriff mngs it is
Understood. has plal campaign all
ready outlined, but lIally is reti-
cent about making FL exact plan of
procedure public. He illds firmly on
the platform laid dov ~ him in his
speech of acceptance, u 1tithfully and
impartially enforce al lws on the
statute books. and he L., has gone on
record as stating thu : { the present
board of deputies do q perform their
duties in an entirely sjtt sfactory man.
ner. they will be SUI n arily removed
and others appointed 10 will do So
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
TEN new SHERlFFS
With Six Old officials Assume
Their Luties.
Strict Enforcement ofPfohibitory Law
Is Generally Expected.
Some Sections Expe to initiate Cum
berIand Unde Pearson.

Portland. Me. Jan. The sheriffs of
the is counties of / lis state elected
three months ago ass unet, their duties
for two wears. today TIE indications
are that the nrohib cry law will be
enforced in several ctol.s as strictly
as it has been in mberland county
for the past two yea sby Rev. Samuel
E. Pearson. now dec sed and his sue
cessor. Charles Dunn .Jr.
Ten sheriffs Who a ne lncumbents
of the position are harts S. Cum
mings, Androscoggir NJ rtin LaWlis,
Aroostook; William H. Fennell, Cum
berland: Frank ]. H n. I nnebec; AL
bert J. Tolman. KnoE John b. Rafter,
Lincoln; Edgar L. Fl 1t, yford; Lind
ley W. Gilman, Pen bscot: Alfred H.
Lang, Somerset; and Charles F. Tar
box. Washington.
The six who welt reelected are
James NJ, Worthley, J rankin; Howard
F. Whitcomb. Hanco, K: lldwin S. Ire
land. Piscataquis; ,hn w. Ballou,
Sagadahoc; Newell T. Fogg, York, and
Samuel G. Norton, Waldo. Sheriffs
Pencil, Tolman, Rafter and Lang are
Democrats.
Sheriff Pennell and his deputies of
this county who were sworn in and
assumed their office & midnight, were
busy, today with ti civil business.
None of the saloons )sed by eX-Sher-
ifs Pearson and Du were re-opened,
the Would-be liquol lealers evidently
waiting for some n from Sheriff
Pencil regarding | policy. AS yet
all seem to be in do whether or not
the prohibitory Law 5 to be strictly
enforced in Cumber ID c unity for an
other two years.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
WILL NEVER SEE FAMILY.
Swede Killed in Boston, Leaves Family
in Europe.

Boston. Jan. 1.-Carl G. A. Carlson,
a Swede, aged 40 years, who had been
working to get money to bring his wife
and children to this country, and had
almost enough, was killed. today.
Carlson came here little while ago.
Being q skilled carpenter he had no
difficulty in securing employment at
good wages. His employers say that
only a few weeks ago he wrote to his
wife saying that it would be but a short
time before she and her children could
come here and make their home with
him. Today, while he was working
near the top of the building, he either
slipped from a staging, or stepped on q
loose board, and fell so feet to the
ground. His skull was fractured and
many bones We're broken.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
Coal Strike is Ended.

The recent aathracite coal strike Is
practically ended. ne miners and opera
tors have found ground for agreement Ill
the board Of arbitration appointed to adj
just their differences. IN the selection sof
a medicine to restore the system to its
normal condition and prevent stomach
liver or bowel troubles there is no room
fqmklifference of opinion, because Hos
Il RS Stomach Bitters is universally
tDwledged to be the most reliable rem
etfyPSn the world 1t is backed by fifty
years experience and is always recon-.
mended by prominent physicians in cases
OF nausea dizziness, sick headache, dys-
pepsia insiigsstion. latllency constipa-
ton and liver trouble. We therefore urge
every sufferer to try bottle and be con-
WINGED OF its value. Cur 1903 Almanac
is now. al Your. 6rusgists for free disiri.
button. Be sure@to obtain copy.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
ARoosTooK touNTY.
Sheriff LawIis Gives lie sIers Till Jan.
10 to Close Saloons.

Houlton, Me, Jan. l.. Martin Lawlis,
the new sheriff of Al lDstook county,
assumed his duties also took
charge of the county il, today. He
notified all supposed lid or dealers that
they viii be given VI the tenth of
this month to dispose If their stock
and close their saloon as after that
date he will strictly iorce the pro-
hibitory law with the e. sistance of his
deputies, who have en- given in
strucuons to act in eordance with
thai notice. AS the { madam line is
only two miles distan it is not ex-
pected that those desi ing the ardent
will be prevented from Obtaining it.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
KNOX equity.
Almost Entire Set of Democratic Of
ficiaIs Take Charge.

Roekland Me-. Jan. All the coun-
~ offices were turned & er to the Dem
ocratic officers-elect. oday, this be-
ing the only county ii Maine electing
an entire set of new Ulcers. Sheriff
A. j. Tolman and hi deputies We're
sworn in, Sheriff Wal Caddy retiring
The solitary remaining Republican
is f, NJ. O'Brien of Tllonlaston. whose
Continued on page p
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
SUCCEEDS HIMSELF.
Gov. Odell Again Takes Oath as Cover
nor of New York.

Albany, N. Y, Jan. 1.-For the first
time in Is years there was no retiring
governor to welcome the incoming gov
ernor of the state of New York, today,
at noon, when the inaugural ceremony
took place in the assembly chamber of
the state capitol and Benjamin y.
Odell, Jr., the first governor to be re-
elected since David b. Hill succeeded
himself in 1888 took the oath OF Office
address
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
A WELsOME REDUCTION.
1t Is in Hours of Labor Instead of in
Employees Wages.

Knoxville. Tenn, Jan. 1.-The River
side Wooden mills and the Knoxville
Wooden mills of this city announce q
reduction of hours for their employees
from II to 10 hours per day without
eating wages. The mills employ about
1.n and 80 people respectively. The in
itiative vas taken by c. l.. Parham OF
the Riverside mills. who is issuing an
appeal to all textile industries IN the
South to take similar action.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
FAIR-sToRM COMING.

Washington, Jan. Forecast for
Friday and Saturday; New England:
Fair, Friday, except rain in extreme
south portion; Saturday rain in south,
snow in north portion; variable winds,
becoming fresh northeast.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
LOST BY FoULING.
Joe Cans Given Decision in nth Over
Gus Gardiner.

New Britain, Conn. Jan. 1.-After
repeatedly warning Gus Gardiner of
Philadelphia, Referee, John Willis gave
Joe Cans of Baltimore, the decision
in the Il round of bout scheduled for
20 rounds before the National Athletic
Club, this afternoon. Cans was on the
offensive from the start of the bout.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
PEOPLES COAL co.
To Be Organized at Portland to Re-
iieve the Situation.

Portland, Me, Jan. 1.-The Peoples
Coal Co, is to be organized shortly,
With a capital of 100000 of which
$4,000 will be paid in. The purpose
via be to buy and sell imported and
domestic coal, also wood, in Portland
and throughout the State. The pro-
posed company has an option on a
valuable wharf property where bust
ness is already Established.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
w. c. PAUL DEAD.
Was Proprietor of Famous PauI's Hotel
at South Berwick.

South Berwick, Me-, Jan. Nv. G. Paul.
aged 81 years, proprietor of Pauls Hotel.
died today, after an illness of a days
duration Landlord Paul who was known
throughout New England, succeeded his
father ana grandfather in the ownership
OF the hotel which is one of the Oldest
in the country. 1t is claimed that La
fityette was entertained there during Il
visit to this country, Mr. Paul was un-
married.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
Boston Forecast.

Boston, Jan. Local forecast for
Boston and vicinity: Friday fair, fol-
lowed by increasing cloudiness during
the night, fresh southwest winds;
Saturday, rain, brisk south to east
winds.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02

Col Joseph E. Ewell of Buffalo Thurs
day assumed the duties of commandanr
Oh the New York State Soldiers Home at
BAN. n. y Col. Ewell spoke favorably
of the condition in which he found the
veterans. e
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02

The British steamer Sir Richard Gram
ville from Boston. before reported ashore
ut Malmo. has been noated
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
Polo Games.

At Lowell-Lowell, 5; Chelsea,,6.
At Portland-Portland, s; Clinton, g.
AT Lawrence-Providenc II; Law
renee, 2.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02
THE FIRST WORD
Flashed by Cable Between
Frisco and Honolulu.
The Hour Was ll.03 P. M. New Years
Day, Pacific Time.
Signals Were Good-Another Great
Feat Accomplished.

San Francisco, Jan. 1.-The Associ-
ated Press has received message from
Hawaii, that the San Francisco end of
and that the splicing will be completed
before midnight when communication
with Honolulu will be opened.
The final splice in the cable is expect
ed to be made soon and that San Fran
cisco hopes to be in communication
with Honolulu at about 2 O'Clock A. M.
Eastern Standard time.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1903-01-02

San Francisco, Jan. 1.-San Francisco
and Honolulu exchanged their first
word by cable at 11.09 P. M. The sig
nails were good.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1903-09-30

La enSehanZa en- New York.

Al abrirse las escuelas de Nue.
va York Sc halo la Junta de En-
sehanza trente a TN pyoblema de
magnas preparedness. Acudie-
ron unoS seiscientos mil discfpu-
los, como Cuarenta mil mas que
hace un aflo. Ell resultado fue
que setenta Y dos mil solo pudie-
ron ser acomodados medic dia,
y tres mil nj medic dfa nj medic
minute. Por supuesto, noventa
y nueve centesimos de la culpa
van para el goDierno municipal,
con harta injusticia. Ell lunes
Sc abrleron Cinco casas nuevaS,
que es, como 81 dijeramos, cinco
lnmensos palacios, y habrianse
alberto veintiseis mas, a no ha-
her sido por las huelgas. Ell
presupuesto de ensenanza para
los cinco distritos de la ciudad
Sc ha tljado para 1904 en- $23.235,
472. Ell de este a1lo es de pesos
2o.3o9,5 500. FL municipio pro-
mete acomodar q todo Ell mum
do, e indudablemente hara GUAM
to pueda; pero guardian compass
con el incremento de poblaci6n,
especia'mente en- los barrios ba-
JOS habitados por hebreos { ita-
llanos, donde cuna vacia es pa
Jar9 no conocido d. ornitologos'
es tarea demasiado ardua para
81 esfuerzo humane.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1903-09-30
Ur' incidente
Case raro

Lawrence Jud, de Is afios de edad, y
su hermano Emil, de 22, naturales de
Alemania, fueron a su pals hace POGO,
y al cruzar la frontera, la auloridad les
detuvo, para obligarles a prestar ell ser
vicio militar. A Lawrence lie dejaron
If, por tener la vista defectuosa, pero
Emil entro en- GAIA. Los dos son ciu-
dadanos americanos y llevaban pass-
portes de tales. Su case ha sido lleva-
do Washington, y el departamento de
Estado ha dado instrucciones a su en-
bajador en- Alemania, para que inves-
tigue y yea 10 que Sc puede hacer.