davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12
BETTER ROADS WANTED.
Trnns-Mississippi Commercial Con-
Grcss Favorably Impressed by
BrownIow Bill.

The Mississippi Commercial
congress, whicn held its fourteenth an
nual session at Seattle, Wash, not long
ago, took up the subject Of good roads
Tor consideration for the first time. 1t
was a noticeable fact that whatever diff
ference of opinion there might have
been as to other questions under con-
sideration, there was absolute unanim-
tty prevailing as to the good roads ques-
ton, and the necessity for general
cooperation between the United States
and the different states or civil subdi-
visions thereof, to hasten their perma-
nent Improvement. The subject was
thoroughly discussed by X. w Richard
son, OF Omaha, Neb. James W. Abbott.
Of Nevada, Col; Hon. Martin Dodge. di-
rector of the Office of public road in
quiries, Washington. ID. c.. and many
delegates from different states and ter
ritories.
Director Dodge has just returned to
his desk in Washington. In an inter-
view with a representative OF the press
Mr.. Dodge has the following to say re-
EdiuluB Tile lot DblltT
at the Trans-Mlssissipp congress-:
THE point was clearly made that
many of the interior states and terri
tories. especially in the mountain dis
tricts. have no navigable rivers and
harbors. and that. therefore. they re-
ceive only remote and indirect bene-
fits from the expenditure of the vast
sums Of money appropriated for the i'm
provement OF rivers and harbors, and
that 1t would be just and equitable il
the general government should lend its
assistance to the building and main
tanning certain public highways
through such states and territories.
It was not contended that the
United States government should bear
the total cost OF building such roads,
but that they should pay contributory
share not to exceed one-half. as pro-
vided for in the Brownlow bill. This
was thought to be more just on ac-
count Of the face that the burden of
raising the enormous revenues OF the
United States government rests as much
upon the people in the rural states and
! districts as upon all other classes COM
bined. The revenues Of the general gov
ernment approximate ten dollar per
capita per annum, whereas the rev.
enue Of the state governments is only
about one dollar per capita. The rev.
enues Of the general government are
so large, and are raised in such man
ner by indirect taxation, that there
would be neither hardship nor inequity
If the United States should bear con-
siderable portion Of the costs Of improv-
ing some Of the principal highways in
the various states and territories. It
would seem that the best and most equi-
table method would be to require the
United States to pay portion Of the
cost the state portion. the county a
portion, and the property owners in
| the vicinity of the road n norton"
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12
Good Ronds md Schools.

Good roads are absolutely essential
to the development of good schools in
the rural districts, and both together
are necessary to the progress of civili-
zation in this country. Good roads are
scarce, partly because the need of them
is not sufficiently recognized and partly
because so few know how to make them
even when they try. Good schools are
scarce for precisely the same reasons
When a country schoolhouse looks like
an abandoned outbuilding and has the
worst piece OF road in the neighborhood
leading up to 1t, that district may al
ways be considered an excellent district
in which not to buy farm.-Prafrle
Farmer.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12

from knots. solid and heavy. Inch iron
pins are driven in at each end. These
should have a good head, SO that the
2x6 inch scantling. which is ga feet
long, may be held securely in place.
TO the end Of each scantling Is a short
chain about one foot long to hitch
horses to. Spread checks on team and
30 ahead. Cut the scantling longer
at lower edge, and in going down hill
II will scrape on the ground and not
run on the team. W. Stevens, In
Farm and Home.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12
GRANGE NEWS.
BY J 7. Altman, Press Correspondent and
Secretary Penna. State Grange.

The following was UNANIMOUSLY
adopted at the recent meeting of lu-
niata county Pomona grange;
Whereas, Since our present method
Of enacting laws, State and National,
in which the action OF the Legislative
body, approved by Executive, is final,
has produced the Boss and the vena
Legislator, therefore
Resolved, by the Juniata county
Pomona Grange, No. IS, that we see
no true method of relef from these
far-reaching evils except through the
Initiative and Referendum or direct
legislation, and that we hereby com
init ourselves to the suppott of all ef.
forts to secure the adoption OF this
system.
Resolved, That these resolutions
be presented at the next meeting of.
Penn a State grange.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12
Improvement In Poultry.

The value of the improved fowls
over the common stock of the country
is seen in the beauty, symmetry, uni
formity and utility of the former, says
Fruit World. AS the tendency of the
offspring is to resemble the average
of the parents, grandparents and 9TH
er remote ancestors, the more alike
the ancestors the more harmonious
and decided influences they exert over
the progeny. And there is still a
great advancement in this method Of
Improvement, every season. showing
finer specimens in greater number
among almost all the better known
varieties
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12

A Kansas farmer undertook to inves-
tigate the rise in the land value of his
neighborhood, which had followed the
building Of unusually good roads. He
received replies from 40 farmers and the
average amount of the increase was
$6.4s per acre. Under the present con-
ditions of most country roads, 1t costs a
farmer living ten miles from the mar
ket about $3.50 to haul s25 worth Of
wheat to the market This is ten per
cent. of the total value of the grain,
which is more than the combined cost
of the cutting and thrashing.-Prairie
Farmer,
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12

The following topics may be found
suitable for consideration in subordi-
nate oranges:
"Are the game laws Of advantage to
the farmer"
"Has nature or education the greater
influence in the formation Of charac-
ter?"
'Is the silo profitable for the farmer
who keeps but ten cows"
Socialism and how its success would
affect husbandry."
agricultural inventions of the nine
teenth century and their effect on the
farmers interests"
"How may the grange be of help to
our common schoolsT
"Should farmers produce as nearly
as possible all they consumer
Farm fencing-kinds, expense, eff
fectiveness, etc"
"The value to farmers of the rural
telephone"
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12

A recent issue Of the Ohio Farmer
states truth tersely when it says: THE
grange not only co-operates with legitl-
mate progressive enterprises, but 1t
has pioneered and succeeded in more
good work for the American farmer
than all of it's contemporaries put TO-
gether. 1t forges ahead, makes unpop-
ular ideals popular. The secret or It's
final success Is that it has learned IN
the long years of its experience with
all sorts of schemes to Judge what Is
best to do, what is possible and rea-
sonable and then to go after it with
steady, determined, level headed per
sistence that gradually melts away
opposition and at last wins out"
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12
WIDOWS APPRAISEMENTS.

Notice is hereby given that the follow
ing widows Apprasements Will be presented
to the Orphans Court OF Columbia County on
Monday, December Z, A. d. 1903, by the clerk OF
said court, and confirmed nisi, and unles ex-
ceptions are filed TO same within four days they
win be confirmed finally.
Estate OF Lafayette Trivelpiece, late OF Centre
township, deceased. Personality sg99,92.
Estate OF James NJ. Rote, late OF Millyille
Borough, deceased. Personally $4,000.
Estate OF Henry Webb, late OF Roaringcreek
township, deceased. Personally f299 s5.
Estate OF Samuel L. Benninger, late OF Beaver
township, deceased. Personally fl7925.
Estate or John Heacock late OF Benton Bor-
ough, deceased Personally sl02l5. Realty
$l97s5.
Estate OF B. F. Girton, late OF Greenwood
township, deceased. Personally $500. Realty
$4,000.
Estate OF Samuel Nuss, late OF Mifiiin town.
ship, deceased. Personality 10000.
Clerks Ofice,
Bloomsbury. Pa c. NJ. TERWILLIGER,
Nov. II, 1898. Clerk o. q.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12
Suggestive Programmes For n Po-
mona Grange.

PROGRAMME NO. 1.
10 n. m.-Open in fifth degree. Regular
order of business.
II a. m.-Open in fourth degree. Reports
of oranges. what Feature of Grange
Work Is Most Lacking In Your Granger
Discussion of resolutions Dinner.
p. m.-Call to order in open session.
Music. Welcome address. Response.
Are the Duties and Wages of the Farm
Hand Of Today Commensurate With the
Profits of His Employer Discussion.
Recitation. what Grange Exercises Are
Most Productive OF Development Among
the Members?" Discussion followed by
song or recitation. "rhe State Grange;
Its Work and the Advantages Of Attend
ing Its Sessions" Music.
D. m.--Conferring fifth degree.
PROGRAMME NO. 2
10 a. m.-Open in fifth degree. Short
business session.
lO:3O a. m.--The unwritten work as 1t Is.
Dinner.
1 p. m.-Open in fourth degree. Music.
Welcome address. Response. Music or
recitation. Duties of the Assistant Stew
ard of the Grange" Discussion. Cen
eral Essentials In Conducting Success
full Grange" Discussion, Music or reel
tation. observance of Special Grange
Days" Discussion. Music.
4:30 p. m.-Conferring fifth degree
Michigan Grange Bulletin.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12
THE GRANGE
Conducted by J. W. DhRROW,
Pres Correspondent Ncw York state
Grange
CHAUTAUQUA GRANGE HALL


A beautiful Temple Ms the Ucnd-
quarters For Patrons of fIIusbnndry.
The new grange hall at Chautauqua
Lake, n. Y, Is an accomplished fact.
1t has been formally dedicated TO the
use OF Patrons of Husbandry by appro-
pirate ceremony.
For many years, says Mrs. Eliza C.
Clifford In the Grange Bulletin. Chau
tauqua institute has set apart one day
during the two months of its summer
session as grange day, when all per-
sons wearing the badge of the Order
are admitted to the ground free. This
courtesy is extended to no other organ.
ization except the G. A. X. and their
wives. Chautauqua recognizes that
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12
AN IMPROVISED ROLLER.
jlnn of One which IIns Been usct
with Considerable Satisfaction
by Its Designer.

If one cannot afford, or It is not con
venient to buy a roller, here is plar
of one, which have made and useG
with much satisfaction. have foynd
1t to do satisfactory work in MASKING
clods. rolling young corn land, etc. ]
take a round loS which is smooth. fre,
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12
Greatest Hotel Proprietor in the World.

1t is said that the salary of George
c. Boldt OF the Waldorf Astoria
Hotel is $500, 900 year. He was
once waiter. He failed as a chick
en- farmer, but is now the greatest
hotel proprietor in the world, 1t is
noted that he gets five times more
for being the greatest landlord than
Chauncey M. Depew gets for being
the chief of the Vanderbilt railroads.
This is great country for the poor
man. The leaders Of today. as a
rule, started in the ranks.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12

The following letters are held at
the Bloomsbury, Pa, postoffce, and
will be sent to the dead letter office
Nov. "a, 1903, Persons calling for
these letters, will please say that
they were advertised Nov. IL,
1909.
Mrs. Anna Eveland, A, Keyson,
Mr.. Art Mitchell Mr.. Franklin K.
Miller, Mr.. +. B. Read, J, w.
Rook, Miss Lillian Robbins, Mr.
w. w. Rogers. Cards-Mr. Geo.
M. Millspough (2).
One cent will be charged on each
letter advertised.
], c. BROWN, P, M.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12

Five amendments to the State con-
stltution are pending in Ohio to be
voted on at the coming election.
The members of the oranges there are
discussing them and will vote on them
intelligently.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12

In connection with the regular
meeting of Juniata county Pomona
grange public meeting was held in
Spruce Hill school house. The house
was comfortably filled and all enjoyed
pleasant address by Worthy State
Lecturer A. Nj. Cornell.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12

Whoever can attend the State
grange meeting at Wilkes Barre Dec.
Sth to nth and fails to do so will
probably never realize what he has
missed.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12
A STONE FENCE POST.
Where Permanent Improvement Is
Desired 1t Might He Well to
Give 1t a Trial.

The idea is worth trying. A stone
fencepost will not rot. On ground
alternately wet and dry, wooden posts
do not last long. Make an open box
for mold, OF the shape and size de-
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12

Progress continues in Clearheld
county. Under date of Oct. 7, Bro.
Peter Gearheart, an efficient Deputy
and grange worker writes; "The
Grange has been progressing IN the
county very we'll. We had the best
Pomona meeting on Sept. 18th that
we have had in twenty years; forty
FIVE took the fifth degree.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12

AT recent meeting of Clearfeld
county Pomona grange Miss Belle
Postlethwait read paper on "What
Influence has Home Life Upon Char
acter" The members showed their
appreciation of it by having it printed
IN circular form for distribution. The
compliment was well deserved.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12

Thirty-one years ago the Pennsylva-
MIA State grange was organized. 1t
has met regularly each year ever
since. The coming meeting at
Wilkes-Ba-re promises to be the
largest ever held For thirty. seven
years the members of the National
Grange have come from all parts OF
the Union and have spent ten days at
a time in annual session.
These facts are evidence that far
mers can organize and are maintaining
an organization that has already out
lived generation and that to-day is
strong in numbers and has a strong
hold upon the hearts OF its members.
1t challenges close investigation Of
the work il has done.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12

AT the recent meeting of the Farm
ers Congress at Niagara Falls, Hon.
Aaron Jones, Worthy Master of the
National Grange put in a strong plea
for greatly extending and cheapening
the parcels post and for the establish
ment of Postals Savings Banks.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12

Eight members were recently added
to Rusn grange, No. 1907, Susquehan-
na county, making the total member
ship los.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12

The people of New York are at
present much stirred up over the ques-
tion of enlarglng the Erie Canal at a
cost of $IoI, 900, 10000. The grange
there is unit against it and their
10000 members made their power
felt at the polls in November. The
bulk of this enormous expenditure
would fall upon the trainers. They
would feel the burden for years and
reap little if any benefit.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12

1t is said that the idea of market
controlled by the farmers themselves
as the new farmers organization, with
Headquarters in Phenix, Ariz', pro-
poses, gave Chicago grain spectators
quite jolt.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12

There is wonderful growth In
grange membership in nearly every
state In the Union where the Order ex-
lists.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12

Two new Pomona oranges We're o.,
ranized recently In Pennsylvania. t~
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12
THE MOULD AND THE WALL.

sired for the posts. Bore holes in the
bottom where holes are desired in the
posts. Insert long wooden pins. as
shown. Make the sides and ends OF
the mold slightly aaring, that the post
may be gently turned out. After the
box has been filled and the cement has
''set," the pins can be pulled out, leav-
ing the holes in the post, through which
fence wire can be passed to bind the
boards or stakes, as shown. Dry grad
ually, out of the sun. to prevent crack
ing.-Farm Journal
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1903-11-12
NOTICE.

Notice is hereby given that the following ac-
counts have been filed In the Court OF Common
Pleas OF Columbia County, and will be present.
ed to the said Court on Monday, December 7, A.
D., 1903, and confirmed nisi and unless cxcep-
tions are filed within four days thereafter Will
be confirmed absolute.
First and final account OF VIM. Chrisman,
guardian OF the estate OF Rachel C. Kile, late OF
Sugarloaf township, deceased.
Prothonotary's ONCE, c. NJ. TERWILLIGER
Bloomtburg, Pa, Prothonotary.
Nov. II, 1903.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-01-31


denced by the decline in cast pipe.
Locomotives are being turned out of
the shops with record breaking rapid
ity, and other railway equipment is in
equally good demand. while structural
material is still a feature. Many adj
oltlonal contracts for bridge building
are recorded.
Foot wear is firm. with an advance
Ing tendency, although list prices are
Wlthout change.s New business is light,
but most factories have abundant or
ders on hand, and there are many
buyers in the market
Both sole and upper leather are
more active, shoe factories taking
Freely especially of hemlock sole. Buy
ers have also covered their wants for
several months as to oak backs, and
calf skins are selling freely. Large
quantities of Chicago packer hides
sold at unchanged prices, and foreign
dry hides are strong A better inquiry
IS noted for cotton goods, yet sales
are not materially increased owing to
the ind1sposition of sellers to accept
contracts. A number of lines have
advanced IN price, the upward move
ment or raw cotton having a natural
erect. Mems wear woolens and worst
EDS for fall wear are now fully OPEN
ed and buyers operate more freely.
There is no evidence of speculative
activity, which emphasizes the whole
some condition of the market and
many lines have been withdrawn.
Failures for the week numbered 243
IN the United States, against 301 last
year and 80 In Canada, compared with
40 a year ago.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-01-31

Wehner replied that no Polish question
In an international sense exists for
Germany. The Prussian Polish prov
inces would remain Prussian so long as
soldier could be placed in the field.
DR.. Won Dzfambowski -Pompian, he add
ed, had drawn an incorrect picture
which could not be discussed in the
imperial parliament. It must be taken
up in the Prussian diet. The only i'm
perial question was the charges against
the army, to which the war minister,
Gen. Won Gossler, would reply.
Gen. Won Gossler said sixty Polish
youths had been tried for having joined
a secret society and taking an oath to
devote their powers to the Polish faith
erland and to the restoration of the
Polish nationality. Only these were
punished by two weeks or more of I'M
prisonment and by being deprived for
one year of their volunteer privileges.
OF these some had left the country and
others had taken up the study of Cath
Ollie theology, by which they were le-
gally exempt from military service.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-01-31
NEW GERMAN TARIFF
WILL AFFECT AMERICA
Detailed Information Forwarded by
Consul General at Berlin.

WASHINGTON, d. c., Jan. 3d.
Detailed information of much value to
exporting interests, concerning Ger
man trade, is contained in report to
the state department by United States
Consul General Mason at Berlin, Just
published. Mr.. Mason points out that
the date on which the new tariff act is
to go into effect will depend upon the
time occupied in arranging new COM
mercial treaties, which he places at
from twelve to eighteen months, thus
bringing the new law into effect some
where between January and July, 1904.
Mr.. Mason analyses the act terSely,
showing how it will affect the future
import trade of Germany from the
United States unless, meanwhile, modi-
fed by a reciprocity treaty. Especially
significant, he says, are the largely in
creased duties on grain and cereal
products, that on wheat rising from the
minimum rate of so cents to $1.78 per
100 Kilograms. The duty on horses,
now uniform at $4T6 per head, rises to
a figure varying from $21 to $85. BIZ
cycles, instead of paying 1852, will pay
$3.50 per 100 kilograms. Similar in
creaSeS are reported in other important
staple exports from the United States,
such as shoes, lumber, machinery, rail-
road apparatus and railway material.
Most raw materials remain on the free
list Agricultural implements of small
type are given reduced duties, which
Mr.. Mason cites as illustrative of the
scrupulous care with which the new act
favors the agricultural as opposed to
the industrial and mercantile classes.
He shows that the new duty on
grain, which will be about So 1-2 cents
per bushel, in some years would have
been a fair average price for the grain
itself in the American market, while on
-four there is placed a practically pro-
hibitive duty of $4.06 per barrel. BY
an ingenious provision of the act, ap-
pies in bags, or loose in canal boat
loads, when coming from neighboring
countries during the apple harvest, and
at all times under a nominal duty,
while fruit coming from over the sea
or long rail distances will be assessed
50 per barrel. Mr.. Mason says the
American apple probably could not
stand this duty, The reichstag to be
elected in June is depended on to rati-
fly the new treaties.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-01-31
MAKES COMPLAINT
OF TREATMENT
OF POLES
Member of the German Reich
stag Makes a Series of
Charges Which Govern
ment Officials Try to Show
Are of Slight Foundation.

BERLIN, Jan. 30.-Dr. Won Dziam-
bowski-Pompian, in the reichstag to-
day, interpellating Chancellor Won Buzz
low on the discrimination against
the Poles, cited many examples of al
legged injustice. He said young men who
were eligible to volunteer for one years
service in the army were compelled to
serve two years, as they were punish
ed for slight offenses in the gymna-
SUM work by prolongations of their
term of service. The most painful thing
to the Poles, the speaker continued,
was the effort to eradicate their lam
guage He asserted that a German
teacher at Bucholz was dismissed for
attending Polish meeting and said 1t
was crime merely to listen to the
polish tongue. He said the govern
ment, disregarding the terms of Count
Radzinski's bequest of his famous Ii
brary to Posen, had appointed a Ger
man librarian, "a person who did not
know one word of Polish, though the
will stipulated that the librarian should
be a Pole" and a Polish girl who had
rescued a drowning boy was not given
the Prussian rescue medal, ''the reason
quietly alleged by the authorities being
that her father voted for Polish can
didates.''
DR.. Won Dziambowski-Po mpian re-
ferred to the alleged German boycott
of Polish merchants and the invasion
. of Polish churches by the gendarmerie
and said that German letter carriers
wrote insulting remarks on letters adj
dressed in the Polish language.
Interior Secretary Won Posadowslzi-