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The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30
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Notes Of Agricultural Advance.

Notes Of Agricultural Advance.
Hampton Normal and Agricultural
Institute has introduced the teaching
of agriculture into all its courses ne
cessitating the employing of two as
sistant instructors in agriculture.
During the past summer there were
Eegee Station in Alabama 800 null
berry trees, with a view to making
experiments in silk culture In the
future.
Prof H. NJ Cottrell. formerly d.
rector OF the Kansas Experiment
station, is now professor OF agricul-
ture in Ruskin College, located at
Trenton, Missouri. This college Is
the educational institution Of large
cooperative movement that has OBJ
tanned considerable prestige in Kan
sas. Missouri and adjacent states.
The Bureau Of Plant Industry of the
United States Department Of Agri-
y
studying the sand-binding grasses
and their management in Holland,
Belgium. France and Germany. This
work is likely to have very important
results on the utilization of millions
of acres Of drifting sand along our
seacoasts, lakes and rivers.
The North Carolina State Board of
Agriculture is doing some work of
very valuable kind. 1t has estab-
lished three experiment farms in diff
ferent parts of the state, two on the
light soils along the coast, and one
on the red Piedmont clay. Expert
ments are being carried on to test
fertilizers, cultural methods, rota-
tions, and varieties of corn, cotton
and peanuts. Some of the work is CO.
operative. This work is entirely dis
tinct from that of the state expert
ment station at Raleigh or of the hor-
ticultural experiment station at South
ern Pines.
At the New Mexico Station the in
terest in the irrigation experiments
continue. One good result of the
work of the station has been the dis
covery OF the fact that in the Mesilla
Valley at least the supply of under
ground water is very much larger
than was considered possible. This
water is reached at a depth of only
20 feet in some cases, and is well
adapted to irrigation purposes. U.s.
ing steam made by the use of wood it
was found that land could be irri-
gated at an expense Of about 5S cents
per acre. This was the case, too,
when the water had to be raised 4s
feet. A series of tests with various
pumps under varying conditions and
with variety of fuel is in progress.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30
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Ignorant Poultry Raisers Fail.

ignorant Poultry Raisers Fall.
John II. Robinson: When one I'm.
dertakes poultry keeping the chances
are against his success. But, unfor-
tunately, nearly every beginner thinks
himself or herself the talented and
favored or exceptionally industrious
person who is sure to succeed, and
therefore neglects to take the neces-
sary precautions to avoid failures
With rare exceptions those engaging
in poultry keeping on any consider
able scale begin without any adequate
practical knowledge Of the conditions.
requirements and methods Of the bus
mess. II they happen to have abun-
dant capital to carry on the business
until they have learned in the costly
school of experience what they ought
to have known before investing a
dollar. they must finally make a sue
cess of it, but the greater part of the
original investment and also of the
expenses for several years may have to
be charged off to cost Of acquiring e1-
perience. The most serious cases are
those Of people with limited means
who go into poultry keeping, e1-
pecting it to give them their living
almost from the start. AS far as my
observation goes the greater number
of persons who once become deeply in
terested in poultry, and decide to ven
ture into it will take bad advice in
preference to good every time. | sup
pose this is because the bad advice is
more in line with their hopes and
wishes. The daily care OF poultry is
neither as easy as some think il, nor
as hard as others make 1t. 1t is easy
when you know how, and it is neither
long nor difficult task to know
how. There is great difference be-
tween doing work well and doing 1t
profitably. Permanent success in any
line Of work depends, as a rule, upon
doing it both well and protitably.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30
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Horticultural Products for 1902.

HORTICULTURAL Procucts TOR iSuZ.
1t is estimated that the apple crop
of 1902 is about double mat of 1901,
but the rainy season impaired the
keeping quality of fruit in some por-
tions of the country, notably New
York, where large amounts were
forced onto the market early In De-
cember and sold as low as is cents
per cwt. The best Jonathans. which
command the highest market price,
were grown in Missouri and Illinois.
These are now bringing $3.50 per bar
rel, against $3.50 to $500 for choice
greenings. Irrigation grown apples
from Colorado and Idaho, which have
been marketed in bushel boxes, were
of the finest quality and commanded
top prices. The entry of Armour 4
Co. and other packing firms into the
fruit trade on big scale has fright
ensd out some of the smaller dealers.
The trade in apples and other fruits
is being revolutionized in other ways.
Cold storage houses have been large
ly erected in apple districts and 1t
IL believed that stocks in storage at
this time are larger than ever before.
Combinations among growers and bet
ter methods Of packing and market
ing favor shipments direct from the
growing to the consuming point and
the trade of Chicago, which has been
distributing center, has suffered IN
consequence. The practice of selling
crops in bulk on the trees for a cash
figure to dealers who pack and mar
ket them, appears to be growing.
Consignments to commission dealers
as rule are of inferior quality, and
local commission men have discov-
into the orchard districts early in the
season to bid against buyers from
other places. This was particularly
noticeable this season in the peach
trade, large shipments being made di-
rect from producing points to places
heretofore supplied by Chicago mer-
chants.
The melon trade of Chicago, which
was very heavy, has demonstrated
that the Gem melon of Illinois and
Michigan can not hold its own with
its finer favored rival. the Rocky
Ford cantaloup of Colorado Illinois
and Michigan crops were large but
prices were far below those of former
years. The watermelon crops of ILL
nois and Indiana were of fine quality
and the yield large Prices opened at
$7S to $50 per car. receding as low as
$25 before the close OF the season.
The first melons of the season from
Tyler, Texas, brought $500 per car.
The grape crop was light and dis
appointing. particularly in New York,
where tho Yield was not more than
half the usual average High prices
were maintained throughout the sea-
son and wine makers had such diff
Guilty in securing stocks that the vint-
age OF 1902 will be about SO per cent
short.
The cranberry crop was also short
about SO per cent, and the keeping
quality of the fruit impaired by wet
weather. Prices at this time, (sS.5O to
$500 per barreD are higher by a dol
lar per barrel than one year ago.
Reports indicate that the yield of
late potatoes in eastern states was
light. but Wisconsin and Michigan
growers had good crops which they
sold at 80 to 40 cents per bushel.
Chicago quotations at the close of the
year were 40 to so cents in carload
lots.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30
Milk of Spayed Cows.

A French paper reports some tests
made to ascertain the composition of
the milk of spayed COWS. 1t was
thought that the milk from such
COWS would prove to be more uni.
form than the milk from COWS more
subject to the natural incidents of
maternity. This did not prove to be
the case, the usual variations occur
ring as in the case of unspayed cows
On the other hand, there was a very
notable increase in the fat content Of
the milk and OF the sugar of milk
The eXperlmenters expressed the be.
lief that this milk would prove espe.
cially suited to the use of infants
But this is another theory waiting to
be proven.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30
Feeding Young and Old Hens.

On the ordinary farm it is not con.
venient to separate the hens into two
flocks of old and young, and the
farmer will find it necessary to feed
some general purpose ration. This
should consist of not too large
quantity of carbohydrates. combined
with a considerable quantity of pro-
tein. But the farmer that keeps sew
eral hundred hens can well afford to
old and young. The young and grow
ing birds can use great deal of corn
without becoming fat. Being active
they also burn up in their lungs more
fat than will older birds. There is
little danger Of getting them too fat
the first winter, especially If they
have an opportunity to exercise by
scratching. The old hens must be
fed more carefully, and care be taken
to restrict their ration of corn. We
have seen many flock of hens rem
dered Improbable in winter by too
heavy feeding of corn. 1t must be
understood that the feeding of any
ration excessively rich in carbohy-
drates would have the same result,
but there are few rations on the farm
SO rich in carbohydrates as corn aud
there is little likelihood that these
rations would be fed. For both old
and young hens feed OF soft food
daily in winter is very good; it will
keep their digestive organs in good
condition and lessen the losses from
indigestion in the spring.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30
Experimenting With Steamed silaee.

The Oregon station is carrying on
some experiments in the steaming of
silage. AS yet the station officials
are unwilling to state conclusions, as
they propose to repeat the expert
ments that have been already made.
The opinion SO far is very favorable
to the steaming of silage In the tests
referred to, Silos were filled with corn
fodder in the usual way and i'm
mediately treated with steam for some
time. The steamed silage kept well.
Its composition was studied, as we'll
as that of silage treated with salt,
with and without the addition of
water, and silage which had received
no special treatment.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30

Manley Miles says that the most
serious objections to the Cochins is
their frequent and persistent inclipa.
ton to sit. This fever generally comes
on after every dozen or twenty eggs
laid. 1t requires about three days alb
sence from tie nest to break UP this
tendency.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30
gsER RI
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Importance Of Good Seed Corn.

Importance Of Good Seed Corn.
There are nine and a quarter mil
lions of acres In corn in this NState.
BY adding five bushels per acre to
the yield of the Iowa cornfields 1t
means an addition to the profits of
the Iowa farmers of over $4,000 900
every year. An important factor in
the improvement of corn is good seed
corn. Good seed Is secured only by
careful and intelligent selection. The
unfavorable conditions for the corn
crop this fall, resulting from the ear
ly frosts in many portions Of Iowa,
will make necessary unusual care in
the selection of seed corn for next
years crop. Successful breeders
agree that the best seed corn is that
which possesses the greatest vitality
or terminating power. and which will
yield the most corn per acre and of
the best quality. and therefore prove
the most profitable to grow. Good
seed corn will increase the yield per
acre five to twenty bushels. Hence
the Importance this year of taking
unusual care in selecting and storing
the seed corn which is to be used
next spring in the fields of Iowa.
Prof P. G. Holden.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30

A grass garden, containing dozen
planned for the coming year, if the
farmer does not know what grasses
will do best on his land.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30

The Cochins We're introduced from
China about 1S4S and their popularity
in this country produced what we now
humorously call the hen fever" So
great was the desire to possess them
that fabulous prices were paid. In
England 5000 was ltequeatly paid for
single cock. and equally high prices
in this country.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30

Methods of farm work are uni fsTe'
ing great changes every year. -"
last ten years has seen very gre"
overturning of some OF the old lde"''
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30

The total of British emigration to
all parts of the world for the eight
months just ended is 1856, against
10s,eS4.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30
New Tests Along Old Lines.

In the Agricultural Department OF
the Reading College tests were made
in the churning of butter which yield
ed the following results:
Butter churned into small grains
contained, when worked. 11.4 per
cent OF water. II churned till 1t was
in the form Of Jumps 1t contained 12.5
per cent OF water. 1t is generally
considered that low water content
is desirable; in which case the churn-
ing into grains is to be commended.
This is the degree Of churning now
taught by nearly all dairy instructors.
Another result was obtained that
might have been expected. Sweet
cream when churned showed a great
er loss Of fat In the churning opera
ton than did the churning of ripened
cream. This loss was ascertained by
testing the butter-milk. This is
factor to be taken into consideration
in the making Of sweet cream butter.
which at one time threatened to be-
come as popular in this country as
1t Is in some parts Of Europe.
Butter (supposedly in granules)
was immersed in water at 70 degrees
and slightly churned to see II 1t
would absorb water The result was
an increase of 3 per cent Of the
weight.
A test was also made to ascertain
if brine sailing would increase the
water content over dry sailing. In
this case it was reported that no in
crease of water content was shown.
This result seems to be contrary to
some investigations in Ireland, where
it is now generally believed that
brine sailing increases the water con-
tent.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30
Feeding Test with Sugar Beet Pulp

Feeding Test with Sugar Beet Pulp.
The Michigan station has recently
concluded a feeding test to ascertain
the value of beet pulp for milk cows.
Two lots of four COWS each were fed.
and the feeding was divided into two
periods of six weeks each. 1t was
figured from the results obtained
from this test that the 9,463 pounds
of beet pulp was only equal to 26S
pounds of hay, 172 pounds of bran
and SO pounds of corn meal. There
was an increase of Ais pounds in the
milk supply when pulp was fed, but
there was no increase in the yield
of butter fat obtained. This test
does not show up very favorably for
sugar beet pulp. 1t can be fed
profitably only when very cheaply OBJ
tanned.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30
The Butter and Cheese Trade Of 1902.

The Butter and Cheese Trade of 1902.
Butter makers have had no occasion
to complain Of prices during the year
just past. Over-supplies in cold stor-
age in January forced some dealers to
sell out at little or no margin of
profit, but later prices advanced
strongly reaching 80 cents in April,
the highest price paid for butter in
Chicago in several years. The pas-
sage Of the oleomargarine law sus-
tanned the market during May, June
and July, but the abundance of feed
produced by summer rains increased
the supply and prices declined about
three cents. In October, November
and December, earlier values were
restored and extra creamery sold as
high as 29 cents per pound, at which
figure it now stands. The local de-
mand at Chicago has been the heaviest
in years. 1t is estimated that since
March 1st 10000 more 6O-pound tubs
of butter were received and marketed
than during the same period In 1901,
the increase amounting to almost 20
per cent. During the same time New
York made a gain of only l per cent.
The cheese trade of Chicago for
1902 shows gain Of about 10 per
cent. June brought the lowest price
of the year, viz: 9A cents for ched-
dars. Fall brought so brisk demand
that there was no chance for an &C.
cumulation of stocks. Very little
cheese was exported from this market
the supplying of foreign demands be-
ing left to New York and Canada.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30
Some Conclusions on Sheep Feeding

Some Conclusions on Sheep Feeding.
AS result Of some feeding expert.
ments made at the Iowa station, Prof.
w. ]. Kennedy holds the following
opinion: Corn at SO cents per bushel
is a more economical grain to feed
sheep on grass than oats at 90 cents
or barley at 40 cents. Mutton can
be produced much more economically
during the summer months on grass
alone or grain and grass than it can
be produced by feeding grain and
hay during the fall and winter
months. The feeder can oftentimes
purchase halffat lambs during the
latter part of April or the first part
of May, and, by grazing them for
from 40 to 60 days, realize a good
profit, due to the advance in market
prices during the latter part of June
and the first of July over those ruling
in April and the first part Of May
Sheep can be fattened economically
on grass and corn or on grass alone.
Soy beans, on account of their high
protein content, should not form the
sole grain ration in conjunction with
clover hay.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30

Absence sometimes makes the heart
grow fonder of somebody else.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30
IgEeZsag
Combined Feed for PIGS.

At the Kentucky station a compar.
lson was made of various feeds for
pigs. Corn was fed alone and also
combined with other feeds, these be-
ing soy bean silage. soy beans and
dried distillery grains. Drawing con-
clusions from the experiment Prof. D.
W. May says: The results OF these
experiments, like those OF several
previously made. indicate that in
feeding pigs, corn should be combined
with other feeds to get the best re-
turns. Experiments indicate that
silage can not be profitably substi
tuted for a part Of the grain ration
with pigs. In this experiment 1t was
fed in addition with some profit, Civ.
ing quicker gains and keeping the anil
mails in better condition. Soy beans
made an excellent pig feed mixed
with corn in the proportion Of one to
two. Being rich in protein, it is
recommended as an especially eff.
cient addition to the ration when
corn composes the larger part. Dried
distillery grains proved to be a poor
plS ASSu, eASept III siidll proportions.
When fed as one-third or one-half of
the ration with corn it was unprofita-
BILE. When 1t composed one-fifth of
the ration very good returns were
obtained. Cottonseed meal may be
protitably used to finish hogs for
market. In such cases 1t may be
safely fed in quantities Of one-half
pound per pig daily and then omitted
during periods of alternate weeks.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30
The Egg and Poultry Trade Of 1902

The Egg and Poultry Trade Of 1902.
Since April when storage eggs sold
as low as 141a cents per dozen, prices
have been good and well sustained.
Sixteen cents was freely paid in May
and the early part of June. Then
there was drop of half a cent, but
later a revival and steady advance
until now. at the close of the year.
fresh eggs are bringing 26 cents and
storage eggs 1914 cents. Fewer eggs
have been placed in cold storage than
in 1901.
The feature of the poultry season
has been the scarcity of fowls and
high prices realized, in some cases al
most double those of 1901. A cold
wet summer interfered with the rear
ing of young turkeys and not more
than 60 per cent of the usual crop
was grown. At the close of the year
dressed turkeys at wholesale were
bringing 17k to 18 cents, against
to 10 cents in 1901, and dressed chick
ems 10 to II cents, against 712 to
cent one yea- ago. The holiday trade
made such heavy drafts on country
reserves that light supplies are an
ticipated, for the balance of the win,
ter.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30

Speaking of clothes. a Judge says
that lawsuits become attorneys.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30
Feeding in Open Sheds or Barns.

Feeding in Open Sheds or Barns.
The results of the tests on feeding
in barns and open sheds at the Mis-
souri, station came as surprise to
those that have so long declared that
beef steers should be fed in warm
barns. The station entered into an
extensive correspondence with feed
ers throughout the state asking their
opinion in the matter. Only Is per
cent favored feeding in barns; SO per
cent practicng feeding in open sheds,
and % per cent in open lots. Four
tests were made. the steers each
time being fed similar rations of corn
and hay In the first test the average
daily gain of steers fed in barns was
LAT; of those fed in sheds 1.72 In
the second trial the gains were for
those fed in barns 1.S5 and for those
fed in open sheds 2.3, while similar
gains made by steers fed in an open
lot were 2.29 pounds per day. In the
third test steers fed in barns gained
on an average 1.67 per head daily;
those fed in the open sheds 1.69. and
those fed in the open lots 1.7S. In
the fourth test the cattle fed in barns
gained 1.S3 per day; those fed in
open sheds gained 1877, and those fed
in the open lots gained 2O9. This
showed that barn feeding, at least in
the latitude OF Columbia, was not a
profitable operation.
The Grit-advocate., 1903-01-30

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Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1903-09-04
East Darling.

Sept. 1.-The creamery meeting was
not as we'll attended as expected, but
we haze good prospect of 90, ring a
creamery in the spring. 7 he farmers
how much interest in tho PROPOSE
zion.
John A. Schelin has CON Fle:;d bis
work in the Congregational Oh s:ch in
Little Falls. BE had the ccntr st for
the main auditorium. The walls are
kalsomined in medium olive green
with dark green wainscoting. The
ceiling is divided into six panels by
oak brown friezes. stenciled with terra
Gotta and bordered in a light green
figure. A deep border Of grey sten-
ciled with patterns in terra Gotta and
green underlies the ceiling Mr.. Sche-
lin also ka!somined the lecture room
and the ladies' parlor in the same
tinte. EVERYBODY interested is we'll
satisfied with the work, and Mr..
Scheiin is given much praise. He is
painting Chas. Johnson's house at
Fleneburg and has work ahead until
Chri ,tmas.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1903-09-04
BRlCKYARD

Sept. 1.-The ladies Of the fourth
committee will give supper at the
school house Friday evening, Sept 4,
1903. Everybody cordially invited. =
Miss Della Bartholomew came down
from Lincoln Saturday and visited at
Mr. Martin scott's over Sunday. Mon
day Misses Bartholomew and Violet
Scott went to Minneapolis to attend
the state fair. Miss Scott will return
in q week and Miss Bartholomew will
teach school this winter near Mime
eapolis.
Miss Libbie Clark and her brother
Harold drove to Royalton Sunday.
Miss Elva Muncy and Dottie Savage
and Everett Savage visited at Mr..
Proper's Sunday.
Mrs. Martin Scott went to the hos
pital Tuesday to see her sister-in.law,
who is not expected to recover.
Mrs. Frank Pierce is at her daugh-
ter's. Mrs. Dayton Manbeck, very ILL.,
Miss Della Wright began her term
of school at Ledoux Tuesday.
Miss HERNIA Beatty will 60 to Clear
Lake Wednesday to begin her win
ter's term of school.
Miss Clara Manbeck came home
Sunday from Little Elk.
Nett Sunday afternoon at three
o'clock the elder Will preach at the
school house.
Mrs. johnson from Wisconsin is vi
sitting her sister. Mrs. David Wright.
Mrs. McCauley of st. Cloud arrived
here Monday noon and will visit with
Mrs. Datyon Manbeck for some time.
Mr.. and Mr. Frank Reid visited at
Mr.. and Mrs. Martin Scott's Sundy.
Richard Chambers returned home
Tuesday from Wrenshall.
G.. Raymond went to Staples Tues
day.
Miss Minnie Taylor will begin her
school next Monday ut Oak Ridge.
Mis- Linnie Beatty was at home
Sunday.
Miss Pauline McCarley returned to
her home at st. Cloud Saturday.
Hattie Taylor is doing we'll and ex-
poets to be able to come home in
week or two.
George Taylor and family came
down from Randall Tuesday and ex-
poets to visit in the neighborhood for
q week.
S.H. Muncy went to Minneapolis
Saturday.