davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18
Muslin
Underwear
Specials.
This Lot, Csc.

Ladies' Corset Covers. Drawers.
Short Skirts. Long skirts. Gowns.
and HhgmIses. The Corset Covers
are in l. diGerent styles rows of
Ne lace aud HemstitehiuE down the
front trimmed new. and aruhoIes
finished with ribbon, others have
rows OF embroidery Insertion across
tTunt-neck and armhoIes trimmed
Gowns have fine JugEs iu yoke FufEic.
trimmed neck and sleeves Drawers
rows OF lace Insertion and lace edge
hers hcuSr5t ched and cmbr0iI-
cred Short Skirts, with wide cam
brio ruiIes, the entire lot worth
from Csc to soc.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18
CONFLICTING DISPATCHES TELL
OF MASSACHUSETTS, ACCIDEN

Department viii make a rigid investjEa-
ion TO fix the responsibility for the
careIessness.
Very recently the department at the
insrigation of the Bureau Of Ordnance.
sent instructions to ships in commission
that the percussion primer must not be
. inserted in the gun until the breech
was closed The Department will de
mand a full report on this point.
Shortage IN Officers.
Naval officials expressed the hope yes
terday that there was an officer in the
turret when the explosion occurred. it
would create q bad impression, they
said. if it should appear that only en-
listed men were engaged in firing the
gun
The shortage of officers on ships n
commission has been a frequent source
of danger 10 the safety of these vessels
Every effort is made by the depart
ment to secure an adequate Increase in
The commissioned personnel.
There is hardly a ship on active ser
vice that has enough officers to personal
" attend to every battery. Some officers
have charge OF several gun divisions II
two turrets were in command of one Of
ficer, it would. Of course. be impossible
for him to be in both at once. thus
leaving open the possibility of accident
through ignorance or careIessness o.
the part OF the enlisted men.
Last year shell exploded in one OF
the superposed turret structures Of the
Kearsarge, but nobody was injured. The
she'll was in the gun at the time. and
when fred burst before reaching the
open air. The rffing of the gun was in
jurcd, and a new gun had to be put m
its place.
Similar CatastTophes.
The most notable disaster Of this kind
in the United States Navy occurred OF
board the Princeton. on February u.
1874. Commodore Stockton had invited
President Tyler and his Cabinet to wit
ness the test on that vessel Of a new
gun called the "Peacemaker." which
fired a ball weighing 22J pounds
The test took place on the Potomac
River between Washington and Alexau-
dTia- Five shots were fred. but upon
the return trip to Washington q sixth
discharge was ordered. This charge
caused the gun TO burst.
1r- Upshur- the Secretary of State,
General GiImer. the Secretary Of the
Navy. sir. KEENAN,, a prominent naval
officer. Mr. Gardiner. OF Gardeners Isl
and. y. 4. end Virgil Haxey. United
States minister to The Hague, we're
killed Several sailors were severely
injured
President Tyler escaped through be
ing below deck at the time 1t was said
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18
A Quieung Effect.
ITALIAE SCHEME UNKNOWN.

Nothing is known by officials al the
White House OF any participation in az
endowed italian tEeater scheme in
Rome. reported il cable dispatches 10
be patronlzed y Miss Morgan and
Miss Roosevelt" Sigu0r d.AnnunzIo IS
mentioned as the head Of the enterprise.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18
NEW BILL PROVIDES SEVEN
MILLIONS FOR THE DISTRICT

work Of constructing the building is 10
be pressed with proper vigor and dis
patch
IT VIII thus be seen that obligations
fixed by law, proposed in regular appTo-
priatiou bills other than the accompany
ing one. and in other pending legislation
Practically sure of enactment during
this session against the revenues of the
District to be met or provided for during
the fiscal year 1904, aggregate 81 ste
aS6.23. which sum added to The amount
PAYABLE out of District revenues by the
terms OF the accompanying bill amounts
TO S5.5I6, 76O.73, or well within the ttoal
revenues of the District, estimated at
50, 400 GOO"
Items of the Bill.
The following is a list of items and
amounts contained in the bill for the
current year
Salaries:
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18
UNDERWRITERS.


UNDERWATER AND LIVERY.
. Penn. Ave y. " Washington D.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18
$3.50 to SIS Suits. $685..

A special gathering Of some our
best grade and stylish Suits tx
CClienr quality Venetian CIafhs.
strap seams and fare Effects. ~ilh
satin piping. fashionable shade OF
brown. royal. navy. and bLacE-rery
UatEr. Monday special $3.50
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1903-01-18

Much surprise was feIt Al the District
Building when it was learned yesterday
that The House committee had recon
mended the legislation Of the Chief En-
gineer Of the Fire Department out Of Of
fee. No one appeared TO have a ra-
ttonaI explanation for such drastic
action ready 80 offer. Commissioner
MacfarlaDd and Chief Dutton were both
silent and seemed to be as much sur
prIsed as anybody else at the report of
the committee
II was suggested that the motive for
this unexpected action was to be found
in the sentiment sometimes expressed
that the District government has too
many newspaper men in It. and that
there ought TO be a wedding out Of that
Tx. This idea, however. found few ad-
herents. because the administrator Of
Chief DuttoH has been recognized as
beneficial 10 the department.
Another suggestion was made TO the
effect that Commissioner MacfarIand
and Chief DurJon had been overzeaIous
20 increase The prestige and Importance
OF the Fire Department. Il was bought
that the committee had sought by their
recommendation 10 humble the aspira-
lions in this direction and to keep the
official prestige and salary Of the Chief
Engineer where It now is.
Those best acquainted with District
legislation were yesterday of the opIn-
ion that The clause Of the bill relating
TO the Chief Ergtneer would be stricken
out CT much modified before the final
passage Of the bill Several Of the heads
Of departments who talked about the
matter were emphatic in their asser-
tons that Congress had NJ serious in
tention of interfering with the present
administration Of the Fire Department.
bur only TO keep It within bounds. and
10 fr0wn down the idea that an exeeu-
tive head should be created similar 10
the Superintendent Of Police, with a big
salary attached.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-03-29

the circuit, so that selective tel
egraphy will not only be possible, but
easy. That is to say, a receiving cir
cult to respond to a given frequency.
TO preserve secrecy it is, of course,
necessary to prevent other stations
from tuning their receiving circuits
to the selected frequency. This can
be done by varying the frequency of
transmission-tha is to say, each sys-
| tenn may have frequency code. When
message is to be sent out the trans
hitting station will signal this fact
to the proper receiving station, and
will indicate the particular frequency
which viii be used. By the throw of
switch the receiving station can be
tuned to that frequency and will re-
ceive the message. In the short time
which elapses during the sending of
the message-or, rather, during which
this one frequency will be used-it will
be practically impossible for any other
receiving station at which the code is
not known to tune its circuits to the
to them, unknown frequency
Furthermore, since the impulses
established by the Cooper Hewitt in
terrupter are regular and continuous.
their action will be far more effective
on a properly tuned receiving circuit
than the irregular discontinuous i'm
pulses which are being used today.
1t would seem, therefore, that the use
Of this interrupter will increase greatly
the possible range of transmission"
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-03-29

pears. so that the tube forms low
resistance circuit across the condenser
and allows the latter to discharge at
very high rate. When, during this
discharge, the difference of potential
across the tube has fallen to a low
value the initial cathode resistance re-
appears and checks the discharge. AT
this instant the source Of supply be-
gins to recharge the condenser at q
rate depending upon the power of the
supply and the constants of the cir
cult. We have then an interrupter Of
low resistance which, by it's action,
may cause the condenser to charge
and discharge at very high rate.
THE Importance of this device will
be recognized at once, and it will GER
tainly be put to many uses. 1t will
Of physicists studying electrical waves;
but probably the most striking and i'm
portant application just at this time
will be it's use in wireless biography.
The method now employed to set
up oscillations in the sending cir
cult of a wireless telegraph station
consists of a discharge of condenserS
across an air-gap; but this method
gives rise to oscillatOry discharges OF
such a character that it is practically
impossible to tune a receiver to them,
and since the resistance of the spark
gap is high, the power which may in
this way be radiated is comparatively
small. The Cooper Hewitt mercury
vapor interrupter, however. gives con-
tinUous impulses of equal amplitude.
The frequency Of these will be prede-
termined precisely by the constants of
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-03-29
To See and
Hear By Wire

Special to The Globe.
WASHINGTON, D. c., March 2S.-
To have 1t made possible physically
that we could both see person at a dis
lance as well as hear their voice stimuli
taneously has long been the dream Of
those interested in electro
The problem seems at last to have
been positively solved. The telectro-
scope had hitherto been the nearest at
tempt to its solution. To transmit pic
lures in their national colors is an ex-
tremely difficult undertaking, but it is
comparatively easy to make use Of the
contrast by light and shade as is done
in photography.
By very simple method any picture,
even a moving one, supposing it can be
projected with camera, can be trans
United by an apparatus recently pat
ented here as well as abroad.
A description of it as given by the
patentee is as follows:
AS shown in the wireless tele-
phoning of RUNNER and also in his
photograph, it is possible, by using
the selenium cell, not only to observe
the most delicate changes Of intensity,
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-03-29
States and Territories.
Naturalist Burroughs.

but to make these changes audible by,
telephone.
IF we move at the same time a ray
Of light and selenium cell over both
sides of a Photographic plate con-
tinuous variation of the current takes
place in the cell circuit, the plate rep
| resenting a different degree of inten-
sity at each point of direction of the
| movement. If we suppose the ray of
light and the cell to move to and fro
always in a direction parallel to a
given point the whole picture is being
searched over, so to speak, a certain
resistance Of the selenium character
| fzing each different point. Prof ST.
mon has shown how, by variations of
the current, we may produce variations
of intensity in an arc light, and Rub
| mer has fixed these photographically.
These changes OF intensity, produced
by the varying resistance of the selen-
! iurn cell depending on the varying in
tensity of the Photographic plate, are
| made use of by the patentee in his
apparatus for producing the picture.
IF, at the receiving station. there
is moved simultaneously with the
transmissory ray, the ray of an arc
| light influenced by the selenium cur
| rent circuit, and therefore varying in
its intensity. it will produce on an
opaque glass pane q trace of light
| showing exactly the standings of the
| original. If, at the transmitting sta
! ton, the light trace be drawn, and a
/ corresponding one sin4HIt aneously with
and parallel to the first light trace Of
the receiver, this will also show all the
| shadings of the original Thus the pic
| ture is first cut up into lines, and then
reconstructed from lines by the receiv-
| er. Naturally, in orderfo have the pic
ture appear as a united whole. both
production and dissection must be eff
| fected with great rapidly The
achievement of this, aaadAtle necessary
simultaneous action OF the apparatus
form the main difficulties. of the prob
lem. How We may surmount these In
an easy way we are taught by the
Pollak-Virag system of rapid telegra-
ply, and by the handwriting telegraph
of Gruhn.
BY current impulses a very consid-
cradle number of vibrations may be
caused in telephone. diaphragm: We
make use, as in rapid biography, of
a small mirror suspended magnetical-
ly. This. in consequence of the vibra-
tons in the membrane. will rotate
around the axis, and influenced by a
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-03-29

from this iron beam and a cylinder
that was put in new In 1902, the en-
CINE is the same as at first, even to
the connecting rod. For its special
purpose the old engine has been pro-
nounced more economical than many
modern engines. and it is likely to do
duty many years more.
The silkworm secretes silk in two
glands of coiled tubes, which have a
single orifice from which the honey
like thread issues and is hardened as
1t reaches the air. Though usually
colorless, six is sometimes yellow or
greenlsh. Various theories Of the col
or have been offered, but that IL is due
to the green of the food appears from a
late experiment in which both silk
worms and silk took on the red and
blue Of artifcially dyed mulberry
leaves.
By his method of feeding through
the stems, instead of the roots, S. A.
Mokrhezki, the Russian entomologist.
believes that trees and plants can be
cured of disease and greatly stimu-
lated in growth. His special appara--
tus is intended to introduce salts OF
1ron-either solid or in solution-into
apple and pear trees, and he has used
II Tor applying chemical treatment to
SOO rult trees on the southern, shore
of the Crimea. The weak and dis
eased condition of the trees was rem
ed1ed, while an unusual development
followed. An important new field
seems to be opened up, and the possi--
BILE effects of varied dietary admins
tered to different plants in this way
remain to be shown.
An old theory Is that the earth Is
slowly drying through chemical COM
blnation Of the water with the crust.
A French geographer, NJ. Martet, has
been investigating numerous caverns
and drying valleys, and has convinced
hlmself that more rapid absorption
IS taking place, and that. our water
supply Is being swallowed up at an an
preciable rate by the assures and cav
tiles of rocks and soil. He urges a
more thorough study, with a view of
lessening absorption If possible
The milky sea, as it is known to
mariners, Is not yet fully understood.
1t seems to be most common in the
tropical waters of the Indian ocean.
and is described as weird, CHASTITY and
aWe-inspiring, and as giving the OBJ
server on Shipboard the sensation of
passing through q sort of luminous
fog, in which sea and sky seem to ioin
and all sense of distance is lost. The
phenomenon is probably due to some
form of phosphorescence.
The fireproof suit of French-Cana-
dian inventor consists of a smock of
asbestos. with gloves, cap and boots OF
the same material. The asbestos mask
is fitted with a kind of respirator that
enables the wearer to breathe without
lnhalfng dangerous vapors. In this
costume man has remained in
burning building, performing the work
OF fireman, without injury or serious
discomfort.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-03-29


The essential adjunct of an extensive
inland system for the distribution and
collection Of messages on the North
American continent must not be lost
sight of.
"A large part of the traffic passing
by the Atlantic cables is destined for
places remote from the seaboard. Mes
sages to and from Chicago, ST. Louis.
San Francisco, Montreal, Toronto, etc.,
require and receive transmissions
which are measured by minutes This
important traffic would be practically
extinguished If senders could not rely
on extremely rapid and accurate serv-
ice"
The Cooper Hewitt device for the
new application, as an interrupter,
vapor tube of the mercury in wire
less telegraphy is described as follows:
The action of the tube depends upon
two properties which make it partic-
ularly suitable for this work-that is,
the so-called negative electrode resist
ance opposes a flow of current through
the tube until a certain high potential
difference exists across the lamp. AT
this point resistance practically disap-
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-03-29
Wireless Against
Wire Messages

wonder; I don't for an instant intend
to dispute that, nor do 1 deny it's pos
sibilities for practical use, within GER
tain limits. But the demands of trade
and commerce are eXacting, and wire
telegraDhy supplies those demands.
Remember that in intercontinental
communication there are not only
gigantic business interests involved
there are also to be considered the
Importance and value of press news.
and of governmental communications
which concern matters of state. In
the transmission of messages involving
any of the above interests certain
things are indispensable-reg ularity,
reliability, accuracy and secrecy, are
imperative. at any and all hours Of
the day and night. At present wire
telegraphy assures these essentials.
But it remains to be demonstrated
whether wireless telegraphy can as
sure them.
Success Not Yet Shown.
"The success achieved by wireless
biography in the transmission of mes
sages between the Atlantic seaboards
of the United States and Europe is far
from constituting a transatlantic
telegraph service as it exists today.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-03-29

mirror, 1t rotates around the axis lust
far enough after each completion of
the horizontal motion, so that each
succeeding light trace will be drawn
in immediate juxtaposition to the pre-
ceding one. Thus the complete sur
face and the whole picture are Sc
cured
The arrangement of the transmit
ter rs as follows: From the arc light
ray falls on a small mirror, thence
reflected through the correcting lenses
through the plate; from there it is
thrown by the collecting lens on the
selenium cell.
AT the receiving station the selen-
efum cell influences an arc light
switched according to the Simon
RUNNER system, from which the ray
falls on the small mirror, that in turn
reflects 1t on the Opaque glass pane.
To produce the vibrations of the two
mirrors the principle of current i'm
pulses, according to Pollak- Virag, and
that Of the changing of resistance ap-
piled by Gruhn, are followed. The for
mer causes the swinging of the mir
rors in the horizontal direction, while
by the latter the gradual rotation
end an interrupter is placed in one cir
cult of the corresponding diaphragms,
and a changer of resistance in the
Fother.s These two contrivances are put
on a common axis and turned by a
small electric motor. The interrupter
causes, by one rotation, current i'm
the lines into which the picture is to
AiGSnntn6 f,ir
changes the resistance in as many de-
grees as there are lines. After a full
rotation the resistance equals the ray
/ Of light jumping back to its starting
point. It is easily possible to produce
by the interrupter the number of i'm
pulses required in a second, /. e., the
snumber of the light lines into which
the picture is to be dissected, multi
piled by the number of reproductions
wanted of the whole picture in a sec
ond. The changer of resistance must
/ in the same time cause as many
changes-from zero to maximum-as
the number of reproductions in a sec
ond amounts to.
For example, let us suppose that
picture 100 millimeters in height is to
be reconstructed of strips one miIli-
ulSIeI III WILL. IL the is TO
appear ten times in a second, we re-
quire 1000 Interruptions in a second.
If we use for an interrupter a wheel
with 100 projections, we need ten rota-
tons in a second equal to 600 of the
motor, out of which follow the varia-
lions of resistance from zero to maxi
| mum per second. Instead of the cur
rent impulses an alternating current
| Of a corresponding number of periods
| (Mercadier's tuning fork telegraph
| may also be used. In this manner it
1 is possible to transmit by wire photo
| graphic views to a distant place, where
/ they may either be shown temporarily
to the eye or be retained photograph
cally.
The switching of the whole ap-
paratus may be simplifed. as in the
case of Gruhn's handwriting telegraph
and in the rapid telegraph Of Pollak-
| Virag, so that one can get along with
| two or three wires, If large distances
are to be covered"
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-03-29

One of the earliest steam engines
ever built is still the main source Of
power in some rolling mills at Biz
mingham. 1t was set UP In 1867, and
the original wooden beam has lately
been replaced by an iron one. after 135
years Of continuous service. Aside
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-03-29
RooseveIt's Speaking Face.

quite justifies us in expecting to do
our Geographic communication tomor-
row or the next day by the wireless"
with as much nonchalance as we now
view the ease with which we commu-
nicate by wire-is the Cooper Hewitt
interrupter. The inventor, a prominent
citizen Of New York, promises by his
invention, to gain a distinguished place
ir. the ranks Of modern scientists.
Concerning the prospect of the i'm
mediate adoption of wireless telegra-
ply for submarine intercommunica-
ton, and the prospect of the wireless"
to work as practically as the ocean
cable and the overland line can now
do, vice president of the Commercial
Gable company says he considers that
much will have to be done in the i'm
provement Of wireless telegraphy be-
fore it can be expected to compete with
any success against the ocean cable.
Mr.. Ward expresses himself as fol-
lows:
Wireless telegraphy is a scientific