davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Morris tribune., 1903-04-11
FROM OTHER TOWNS
GENERAL NEWS ITEMS FROM
EXCHANGES.
Items of rlore Than Local Interest
Clipped for the Benefit of
Tribune Readers.

Willmar had a hot city election
Tuesday and the largest vote ever
cast in the city was polled. The
temperance element won out. the
town going dry by five votes. In the
past Willmar has gone dry several
times on the straight question Of
license or no license, hut this element
never succeeded in electing a council
to back up their no license vote until
this year. A year ago the majority
against license was "a, yet the straight
republican ticket was elected. This
year the majority against license was
only five, but the no license candi-
date for mayor defeated the repub-
lican nominee by 100 votes, and the
no license forces also elected a num-
Der of aldermen and their candidate
for city clerk. The total vote cast
was 795, which would indicate that
Willmar is a town Of some size.-
Benson Monitor.
Morris tribune., 1903-04-11

Teacher-Is there any connection
between mind and matter?
Small Boy-Sure. If boy doesn't
mind, there II soon be something
the matter
Morris tribune., 1903-04-11
Old Hickory Wagons

are best finished and made of the
best material of any wagon on the
market. A full line Of Buggies
and Carriages of all styles-at
Bottom Prices.
Morris tribune., 1903-04-11

Papa Gan ex-widower)-Come here,
Bessie, and see the new mamma |
promised you.
Bessie (aged four)-Why, papa,
she doesn't look very newt
Morris tribune., 1903-04-11

Wlllmar Is town OF some SlZe.-
Benson Monitor.
Under the new law that has been
agreed upon by both branches of the
legislature, state aid for high schools
will be increased from ST. 900 to ST.
500 per annum. Graded schools will
get $500 instead of $500 and the an
nual appropriation is increased from
$4,000 to $4,000 The aid for semi
gra ded schools is increased from $500
to $3.50, and for rural schools from
$500 to $l25. The annual appro-
priations for semi graded aud rural
schools are increased from $4,000 to
$67 900, and from $4,000 to 100000
respectively. - Browns Valley Tri-
bune.
Hon. Frank NJ. Eddy spent Sun
day and Monday in the city. He has
just returned from Olympia, Wash,
where he was called by the death o.
his mother. Mr.. Eddy has not fully
decided on his future plans but he
will return to Glenwood with his
family as soon as the schools close in
Washington. This summer he will
devote his time to selling some Cana
dian land which he bought last year.
He thinks there will be great agri-
cultural DEVELOPMENT in Canada with
in the next few Years aud that it is
the wheat belt Of North America. He
is going to take vacation politically
after twenty years Of political activi
ty. He has turned over all the IN
finished business in his hands to con-
gresham Stevenson, congressman
Volstead and congressman Buckman
who inherited his old districts. Mr..
Eddy left for the south and will stop
at Alexandria and Sank Centre on his
way to Glenwcod.-Fergus Falls
Journal.
M. M. Darling, who sold his farm
in Eldorado last fall. has moved to
Langdon, N. D., where he has bought
farm. He shipped his teams and
oth9r property from DonnelIy Tues
day, and his family expect to go from
here tonight. They leave many
friends here who deeply regret their
departure but feel confident that they
will meet with prosperity in their new
home--Herman Enterprise.
Papa Gan neutrality-suspicious. here,
Bessie, and see the new mamma I
promised you.
Bessie (aged four)-Why, papa,
she doesn't look very newt
Mamma-You have drawn the
horse very nicely, Charlie, but you
have forgotten one thing. Where is
his tail?
Charlie-Oh, that horse doesn't
need any tail. There amt no flies
on him.-Chicago News
Morris tribune., 1903-04-11
A LITTLE NONSENSE.

Some Queer Sayings by Dmnutive
Mites of Humanity.
Morris tribune., 1903-04-11

Teacher-What is a synonym,
Freddie?
Freddie-A synonym is a word to
be used in place Of another word
you can't spell.
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16
Varying Temperatures.

Some years ago Weir worked out a
rule for calculating the absolute tenn
perature Of heated body from the
wave length of its most energetic
radiatlons. From this rule, which
gives probable results, the suns tenn
perature is found 10 range from 1880
degrees to $3.50 degrees Fahrenheit;
that Of Sirius from 800 degrees to
6.400 degrees: Vega. 300 degrees to
6.400 degrees; Arcturus. 2.45O degrees
to 200 degrees; Aldebaran, $50 de
grees to $3.50 degrees. and the cleo
tric light. $3.50 degrees to $500 de-
erees. White and blue stars are much
hotter than red and yellow.
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16
POPE LEO'S SUCCESSOR.
Mention Blu Many Members OF Sacred colee
Rpona and dsaonH SnonsFo Following
Th h tn Saeaonof of Pope

Foremost among the candidates for
he throne of ST. Peter are Cardinal
Rampolla and Cardinal Seraino Van
nutelli. Then follow quite a number
who are well within the possibilities.
IT is also suggested that there is a
chance that Cardinal Gibbons may
be chosen in the event the foreign
cardinals were sufficiently powerful
TO stand out against those of Rome.
and in case OF division no French
or Spanish candidate could control
the German or English cardinals. or
vice versa, so that II an opportunity
arises for foreign cardinal to be
chosen the most authoritative mem
bers of the college think that the on
iy one who could obtain the pre-
scribed majority is Cardinal Gibbons.
Cardinal Rampolla and Cardinal
Serafino Vannutelli are both repre-
sentatiyes of the conservative policy.
but are bitter antagonists of each
other.
The most probable liberal candi-
dates are Cardinal Bishop Agliardi
and Cardinal Priest Satolli.
The most probable religious candi-
dates are Cardinal Priest Goti and
Cardinal Priest Angelo di Pletro.
All these candidates live in Rome,
but strong party, which might in
clude a good many foreign cardinals.
advocates the election of cardinal
who is not a member of the curia,
such as Cardinal Sato. patriarch of
Venice; Cardinal Ferrari, archbishop
Of Milan. both intranslgeant: or Card
lnal Capecelatro. archbishop of Capua.
Cardinal Mariana Rampolia del Tin
daro is the present pontiical secre-
lary of state, and was born at Polizzi
In 1s43. For many years Cardinal
Rampolla has been active in affairs
of the church. having in addition to
his duties as secretary of state been
lntrusted with the office OF admins.
traitor of the property of the Holy See
and archpriest of the Patriarchal Ba-
tolica of st. Peter. He has been close
to the Pope. and has been the one
man through whom the affairs with
The outside world have been con
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16

Holy Spirit sends his light to ligh zen
the minds of men that they may s.e
the will of God and give it force
When at last pope has been elect
ed three apostolic prothonotaries re-
cord the act of conclave and all the
cardinals sign and seal it, The car
dinal dean demands the new pope's
consent TO his own election and the
new name by which he wishes to be
known. (Tnis custom of changing
his name arose with Pope Sergius Ill.
whose own cognomen was unpreseDt-
able-Osporci.)
Each cardinal releases the cord of
tine canopy OF his throne. which folds
down. No one may remain covered
in the presence OF the pope. a new
r!ES-the ring Of the fshorman-is
given to the sovereign pontiff.
The first and second cardinal dea-
cons conduct his holiness to the rear
Of the altar with the masters of cere-
monies and .he Augustinian sacristan.
They take away his cardinalitial scar
let and vest him in n cassock Of white
taffeta. with cincture. fair white lin
en- rochet. and the papal stole. a Grim
son almuce. and shoes OF crimson
cloth. embroidered In gold.
The new pope sits upoa a chair be-
fore the altar CT the Slstine chapel
and the cardinal dean. the Lord Louis
Oreglia di Santo Stefano, who is Os-
tia's and velletri's bishop, followed
by other eminences in tnelr order.
kneele IN adore hia holiness kissing
the cross upon his shoe. the ring upon
his hand. whereat the sovereign pom.
TIN makes the kneeler rise ard ac.
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16

treating the eyes OF his patients. Tho
object of this apparatus is to provide
treatment for that class OF disease
OF the eye where nerve stimulation
crank or belt power are utilized to
and Increased circulation ere neces-
say in order to obtain beneficial re.
suits.
This object is attained by changing
the atmospheric pressure around the
eye in such a manner as to cnuse the
eye to move outward and Inward In
the bony walls OF Its socket. the AN
pliiude OF these movements ard thoir
rapidity being under complete CON
troll OF the operator. An ordinary
cylinder and piston driven by either n
obtain the necessary pressure and
vacuum. applying each alternately
through the medium of an eye-cup at
the end oil a flexible tube attached to
the cylinder. To vary the amount OF
pressure or vacuum inside the cylin-
der. and its consequent action on the
eye, valve on the side of the cylin-
der Is arranged TO open and close at
each stroke OF the piston, with ad-
justment to give the piston greater or
less movement before the valve IL
opened or closed
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16

ent he burns them all, and their emil
nences must vote again.
hut when the number of voting pa
pers equals the number of cardinals
present the first cardinal bishop, the
nfst cardinal priest and the first car
dinal deacon bring the chalice full Of
voting papers from the altar to the
table OF scrutiny. They retire and the
scrutineers approach the table and
race the sacred college.
The first scrutineer empties the
chaiice onto the table One by one
he opens the folded voting papers.
looks at the name OF the cardinal on
each and passes the paper to the sec
ond scrutineer. This one also looks
and passes the paper to the third
scrutineer, who reads the name aloud.
The voting papers are filed by tho
third scrutineer and placed in the
empty chalice.
This counting is repeated n second
time. and the voting papers re-eNam.
ined by the three scrutineers.
When the scrutiny brings forth no
pope with majority of two-thirds
plus one. the sacred college tries
election by accession.
Fresh voting papers are used. on
which the cardinals who wish to vote
In favor of him who tailed highest
In the scrutiny will write: II accedc
70 the Lord Sorafno. Lord Cardinal
OF Frascau, or Il accede to the Lord
Dominic Mary. Lord Cardinal Of
Tyre, These accessions are placed
In the chalice on the altar with the
ceremonies of the scrutiny. but the
oata Is not resworn.
II no one yet attalns the minimum
majority Of two-thirds plus one-that
is TO say. thirtyseven Notes.-The con
claye will retire from the Slstine
chapel until the following day. and
the ineffectual votes are burned.
This procedure obtains day after
day until ali cllques are broken down.
all doubts have disappeared. until the
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16

cardinals appoint committee of
themselves with power to name the
pope.
g. By inspiration--i. e., when a body
OF cardinals put themselves to shout:
THE Jesuit cardinal is popei" or The
cardinal of Westminster is pope," by
which method other voices are attract
ed and the minimum majority OF two
thirds plus one attained.
3. By adoration-i, e., when a min
lmum majority OF two-thirds plus one
OF cardinals go spontaneously to adore
certain cardinal OF their college.
4. By scrutiny e., when each car
dinal records a vote in writing secret
ly. pope is rarely found by scrutiny
5. BY accession--i. e.. when the
scrutiny having failed to give the min.
imum majority OF two-thlrds plus one
to any cardinal. the opponents of him
whose tally is highest shall accede TO
him.
The first three ways are obsolete.
and these two-scrutiny and accession
--alone need 10 be considered.
Their eminences take great care
that none shall overlook them while
they write and seal their vote.
Each cardinal in turn takes his fold
ed voting paper between the thumb
and index finger Of his ringed right
hand. holding IL aloft in view of all.
SO. and alone. he goes to the altar.
makes his genudexion on the lowest
step; on the highest step he swears
his oath aloud that his vote is free.
On the paten which covers one Of
the great golden chalices he lays his
voting paper. He tilts the paten TIL
the paper slides from It into the chaI-
Ice He replaces the paten as a cover
and returns unattended to his throne
At the end the last scrutineer take1
the folded voting papers one by one.
high and slowly, SO that all may count
them. and puts them from the full into
the empty chalice.
II there be more or fewer voting
papers than there be cardinals preo.
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16

tained doorway, over which the car
dinals armorials are shown, and
higher still is little swinging win
dow. Each cardinal has bed, ta-
BILE and a chair.
Three hours after sunset doors are
shut and walled up on the inside with
masonry. Guards on the outside
watch every avenue. The cardinal
camerlengo and the cardinal dean at
tend to this. The apostolic prothon-
otaries write 1t as an act OF the CON
clave.
One door is not walled up. in case
some cardinal or conclavist must
needs retire because of illness. Such
may not return. There is lock on
each side of this door The outside
key is with the Prince Savelli, heredi-
tary marshal of the church. The car
cinal camerlengo holds the inside
key.
Each day at noon and sunset the
cfficers Of the cardinals households
come to the square OF St Peter in
their masters chariots. There they
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16
Objects to the Submarine Boat.

Mr.. yarrow, the celebrated English
shipbuilder. comes out strongly
against the submarine boat as war
craft. He says that he has no faith
whatever In the submarine boat.
either for offensive or for defensive
purposes. He does not consider that
anything practical will ever result
from the experiments which all mari.
thine nations are making in this d.
rection. Submarines. II entirely sue
cessfnl or otherwise. woull be of use
emily against stationary vessels. For
the purpose OF attacking vessels in
motion they could not be guided, he
maintains. with sufficient accuracy
and knowledge to be relied upon,
while. even II they could. at least as
mach has been accomplished already
By torpedo boats with far less risk
and cost
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16
THE ELECTION OF A POPE.
impressive Ceremonies Mark Pro
ceedings of the Cardinals.

impressive Ceremonies Mark Pro-
eeedinss of the Cardinals.
The ceremonies attendant upon the
election of new pope by the sacred
college OF cardinals are impressive
Ana elaborate. The conclave must as
semble ten days after the death of
the pope.
First the mass of the Holy Ghost is
chanted in the chapel of St. Gregory.
Then the cardinals go in procession.
two and two. according to their rank.
surrounded by the Swiss guard and
singing 'Veni Creator Spiritus," to
take possession of the cells assigned
to each by lot.
These cells are erected in hall of
the vatican communicating with the
Sistine chapel. They are mere frame
works of wood. hung with fringed cur
tains. Five are green in hue. because
their occupants were created by Plus
TX. The drapery of ffty-two will be
of violet, because their occupants
are creations of Leo XIII.
On one side OF each cell is a cur
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16

ing which the mason of the conclave
makes from the interior through the
wall
At this opening they cry their mas
ters' names, and each squire of each
cardinal responds in turn, receiving
the basket of food.
The Sistine chapel has been fur
nished for the conclave. On both
sides thrones are set. having canopies
which can be let down by pulling on
a cord. The reason OF this will pres
emily be made plain.
On long table before the altar are
silver basins full of voting papers
These are blank.
On the altar are two great chalices
OF gold with patens. Here is also the
oath which every cardinal must swear
before he records his vote.
There are five ways by which
pope may be elected:
l. By compromise. e.. when the
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16

ordained to the secular priesthood in
1856 and was a priest at the pontifcal
court during the temporal power OF
Pope Plus TX. In 1858 he was ap-
pointed an officer in chancery in the
Roman tribunal and in 1870 was papal
nuncio at Lisbon. Three years later
Pope Plus created him cardinal. He
is dean of the college of cardinals,
camerlengo of the Holy Roman
Church. archchancellor of the Roman
university, prefect OF the Congrega-
tion of Ceremonies, and, in addition to
other honors. is protector of about
twenty leading Catholic societies
throughout the world.
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16
Marin. Engine oovernor.

The landsman who has had no ex-
perience with steam engines can little
appreciate the damage which may be
done to n marine engine from the al
ternate elevation OF i:s propeller
blades above and submersion beneath
the surface Of the water by the action
OF the wavcs in tossing the boat II
is easy to understand how station
ary engine would race" should a
breakage occur OF the belt which
was driving heavy load OF mnchin-
cry. and In marine engine this prac-
ticaiIy takes place every time tho
propellers are lifted out of the water.
To prevent damage TO the engines
from this source an automatic cutoff
has been designed to reduce the
steam pressure automatically when
the propeller is barred. A. little study
OF the drawing will show hcw this Is
accomplished. On either side of the
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16
vaat estent Id salt penoslts.


The salt mines Of Poland and Hun
gary continue TO turn out vast quanti-
ties of salt Near Craeow, In Poland.
is a mine that has been continuously
worked for salt since the year 1851.
and such is the vastness of the de
posit that 1t is estimated there is yet
enough salt in the mine to supply tho
world for centuries to come. The
mine presents TO visitors one OF the
most wonderful and beautiful sights
in all nature. Vast caverns OF salt
are met with. and the owners at Ger.
tain places have had carved out nf
the salt houses. chapels. monuments
and other ornamental forms. and when
illuminated these objects present a
scene OF vast splendor This mine is
great object of curiosity. and the
owners keep a number OF guides to
take visitors through the workings.
there being miles and miles of tun.
nels, with great caves and galleries
here and there.
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16

Quoted. There is. however. a tradi-
ton that papal secretary OF state
cannot become pope because OF the
opposition his position of necessity
excites.
Cardinal Serafino vannutell and
his brother, Cardinal vlncenzo Van
nutelli. are both notable figures in the
Eacred college. Cardinal Serafino
Vannutelli was born in. Genazzano in
1884. and for a long period was the
papal nuncio at Vienna. Only re-
Gently he was appointed vice chan
cellor of the holy seat to succeed the
late Cardinal Parocchi, and 1t is sug-
gested he was designated for the post
because he was becoming too power
full politically. He has been as near
be an openly avowed candidate for
the papacy.
Cardinal Satolli was made cardi-
nal while he was in America. being
consecrated by Cardinal Gibbons. He
served for many years as the papal
delegate at Washington.
Cardinal Jerome Maria Gotti is
native of Genoa and was born in 1894
He is the pope's candidate for the
papacy; and Pope Leo has repeatedly
referred to him as my SUCCESSOR"
and has shown in many ways that
he would be pleased to have his place
filed by Cardinal Gotti who has been
an earnest and jealous worker The
best part of his career has been in
South America. where he is greatly
beloved.
Cardinal Giuseppe Sarto. who is the
cardinal patriarch of Venice. is the
strongest candidate outside of Rome
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16
Surface Tension OF LIouIds.

Lord Raylelgh has for some tImo
past been carrying out experiment re-
alive to the surfice tension of liquids.
This tension is Mt the maximum In
pure winter. but by the application OF
small drop Of oil or grease the ten
sion Is considerably reduced. This
fact may easily be demonstrated by
dropping small piece of camphor
into pure water. when II will rotate
rapidly. II drop of oil be now ap-
piled to the water the rotary motion
ceases Immediately. According to
Lord Rayleigh. a film OF oil on water
mag be so thin that its thickness is
no nhore than the twenty-five mil
lionth part OF an inch-which Is COM
puted to be in all probability the d.
ameter of a moIecuIe Of the oil.
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16
Affords Free Movement OF the AMI
mails Body.

back, being held in place by strap
passing from the breeching TO the col
lar. and only coming into play when
the animals are backing The traces
are entirely free OF the harness from
collar TO whiffletree. and afford
chance for straight pull. without in
reference from any other portion OF
the harness. Frederick l.. Ainsworth
Of Turner. Kan. is the inventor.
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16
Attaehmen, for Team Harness.


There are but very few of tho
articles used by our great.grandfath-
ers which still retain their old form,
with little change or Improvement.
but among this number may be count
ed the harness which is used on
horses for hauling purposes Practi-
cally the same pattern OF harness has
been used for many years past. while
other things introduced with Il have
been altered beyond recognition or
displaced altogether. That there was
still chance for Improvement is
shown by tho picture here presented.
illustrating a change In the construc-
tion OF heavy team harness. which
will at least add 10 the comfort Of the
animal. The principal advantage OF
this arrangement is that II does away
with the strap passing around the
animals body. which OF necessity In
'terfered somewhat with the muscular
exertion and added to the discomfort
in hot weather. In this Improvement
short curved strap is laid over the
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16
Notary Carrier Feeds the Cartridges

men has replaced the old muzzle-
loading single barrel gun which our
grandfathcrs used. Still another i'm
provement has been wrought out by
he inventor. which we show In the
accompanying illustration. combining
features OF the revolver with the
magazine rife. In this arrangement
the stock is utilized for the storage
OF the loaded shells. while at the end
OF this chamber Is a rotary carrier.
vsieh receives the cartridges and
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16

cords the kiss of peace on both
cheeks.
Then the master mason breaks open
the walledup door. Tne first cardinal
deacon goes to the balcony OF st.
Peters and to the city and the world
proclaims. Il announce to you great
joy. We have q pope"
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16

Luigi oreglIa di stefsno. was born in
Bene Vagienna, diocese of Mondovi,
Italy. July 8. 1928. He studied at the
Academy OF Rome and gained promi-
nence in theology and language. Later
he became Jesuit novice He was
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16

go afoot to the major domo Of the
conclave, demanding meals for their
masters. Meals are given to them in
baskets.
They enter the palace OF the vati-
can and carry the basket to an open
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16

boat is an open-ended cylinder. in
which piston is normally depressed
by the weight OF the sea water. When
the water level sinks below one of
these cylinders the water flows out
and the piston slides forward. actuat-
ing lever connected with counter
balancing cylinder operated by com
pressed air. As the air pressure
varies under this action the steam
valves are regulated 10 Increase or
decrease the supply OF steam fed to
the engines.
Peter v. cornils Of Seattle. Wash.
is the inventor.
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16
New Maaazlne Rlfle.

The machine gun. with Its auto
matte firing mechanism. marks a
long step over the muskets and can
ron used at the time of our civil war.
and the repeating rifle used by sports
The Elbert County tribune., 1903-07-16
AutomobIre GARBAGE Collector.

The Paris municipality has called
for tenders for the supply OF auto
mobile street refuse collecting vans.
1t is stated that the successful firm OF
ccntractors win receive an initial syk
de- s<.- thirty vans.