davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17
THEY PASS FINAL TEST.
Degree of Bachelor of Science
Given Many at Manhattan.

Manhattan. Kas.. June 1.-THE Kan
sas Agricultural college is just closing
one of the most successful years of its
history. The total enrolment for the
year was 1874. which is 17S more than
last year. The regents are in session
and will let the contracts for the audi
torium and dairy building.
The following Kansas young people
have just been given the degree or
bachelor of science Richard T.
Bourne, Delphos; Earl n. Gillis, Keene;
Esther E. Hanson. Marquette; Jesse n
Jones, Moran; Clara Pancake. Scott;
Earl n. Rodell, Marquette; Alice N.
Ross, Manhattan; Henry A. SidOrfsky.
Leroy; Howard NJ. Chandler, Kansas
City; DeVere Corbin. Oxford: JAS a.
Carroll Manhattan: Amos L. COttren,
Wabaunsee; Claude c. Cunningham,
Manhattan: Orin P. Drake. Beattie;
Lewis S. Edwards, Emporia; Robert A.
EsdOn, Olsburg; Corinne Failyer, Man
haitian; Maude Failyer, Manhattans
Estella n Fearon, Manhattan: George
Il; Fielding, Manhattan: James W.
tlelds, Mcpherson; Arthur B. Gahan.
Manhattan; Clara S. Goodrich, Man
katO; Ellsworth P Goodyear OatVille;
Alanson L Hallstead, Havana; Edward
n. Hodgson, Little River; Pearl Holder
man, Chetopa Hartley B. HolrONd
Manhattan: Sarah L. Hougham. Man
haitian; Axel II. Johnson. Marquette;
IlSiliOH - hyiS, CdWheF Cityt Rose M.
Mccoy, Manhattan; Edwin w Mo-
Crane. Haddam; Bessie A Nudge Man
haitian; Harold T. Nelson, Denmark;
Ivan l. Nixon. Manhattan; Russell A
Oakley, Reedsville; Anna L. O'Daniel
Manhattan: Clara A. Perry. Manhattan; /;
Alexis J. Reed, Smith Center; Alfred
H. Sanderson. Marysville; John NJ
Scott, Westmoreland; Emma E Smith
Wabaunsee; Harold A. Spilman. Man
haitian; Louis Stump, Manhattan:
Harry r. Thatcher, Great Bend: r Il
Laury, Manhattan: Helen r Thomp-
son, Wamego; John A. Thompson, Ed
wardsVille; Sarah P. Thompson, Os-
borne Dovie NJ. Ulrich, Manhattan;
Alberta S Voiles, Manhattan; H N
Ninal. Oakley; Leon W. White, Man
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17
MORE MILK FOR SOLDIERS.
Leavenworth Home Officials Purchase
Cows.

Leavenworth. Kas,, June 1.-THE Of
ficers at the soldiers home have pur-
chased fifty more COWS for the dairy
The COWS were purchased in the south
ern part of this county, some of them
from flood sufferers who were una abl-
to keep them. The soldiers home dairy
now consists of 100 cows, nearly all Of
the Shorthorn and Holstein breeds. At
the last meeting of the board of man
ayers it was decided to permit the pur-
chase of fifty more cows at $50 each,
Much milk is required at the soldiers
home. The hospitals require IS gallons
a day, as many of the veterans are on
a milk diet. The veterans have muSh
and milk for supper twice q week ana
most of them take milk in their coffee.
The home officials state that $4,000 can
be saved every year by keeping cows
There is plenty of pasture and forage
to maintain them on the home grounds
The milking is done by veterans. No
attempt is made to obtain butter from
the COWS. The butter is supplied by
contract.
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17
PETER A FIGUREHEAD.
Servia Has Become Military
DespOtism.

Belgrade. June 1.-THE position OF
King Peter I promises to be little more
than that of a royal captive. The real
government of the country will be 4
military dictatorship under the leader
ship of the revolution, Colonel Maschin
and Colonel Mitschitch. The new king
is almost without any personal ad-
herents and the ruling spirits of the
army it is thought probable would just
a. readily murder him as they did his
predecessor should he oppose their
aims.
AT the present moment the whole
country is under military rule. and al
though no projects in the country dis
tricts have been revoked. each is ac-
comoanied by an army officer. who at
tends the prefect wherever he gees.
even to the phone.
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17
EARLY USE OF GUNPOWDER
Evidence of It's Discovery Long Be-
fore the Christian Era

With reference to the early use of
gunpowder and firearms, long before
the popularity accepted, but erroneous,
date of gunpoWder discovery Gen. JO-
lecture short time ago before the
Franklin Institute, remarked that in
many localities in China and India the
soil is impregnated with inter, and the
probable discovery of gunpowder there.
many centuries before the Christian
era, may be explained in this way:
All cooking at that time was by wood
fires and the people lived in tents and
huts with earth for their floors. Count
less fires made of wood upon ground
strongly impregnated with inter must
have existed every day, and when such
fires were extinguished a portion of the
wood must have been converted into
charcoal. some of which would, of ne
cessity, become mixed with the inter in
the soil. BY this means two of the most
active ingredients of gunpowder were
brought together. and it was very nat
uraI that when another fire was kind
led on the same spot flash might fol-
low This would lead to investigation
and then the manufacture of sunpow
der was conceived Whether this be
true or not, there is abundant evidence
that the origin of gunpowder and ar
tillery goes far back in the dim ages
of the past.
The Hindoo code, compiled long be-
making war with cannon and guns of
any kind of firearms. Quintius Curtius
informs us that Alexander the Great
met with fire weapons in Asia. and
Phil0stratus says that Alexander's con-
quests were arrested by the use of gun
powder. 1t is also written that those
wise men who lived in the cities of the
Ganges .'overthrew their enemies with
tempests and thunderbOlts SHOT from
the walls" Julius Africanus mentions
shooting powder in the year 275 1T was
used in the Siege of Constantinople in
66S by the Arabs in $50; at Thessalon-
ica in 904: at the siege of Belgrade,
1913. by the Greeks in naval battles in
109S by the Arabs against the Iberians
in 1147. and at Toulouse in 1918. 1t ap-
pears to have been generally known
throughout civilized Europe as early
as 1900. and soon thereafter it made its
way into England. where it was manu-
featured during the reign of Elizabeth
and we learn that few avns were pos
/ sessed by the English in 1910. and thai
they were used at the battle of Crecy IN
/ 1346.-Cassier's Magazine
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17

Chicago. June LE-Receipts to-
day, 10000 head Market slow. Good 20
prime steers s49Od5. 20; poor TO medium.
$4O0n4 4SO: stockers and feeders. S3.a004.s5.
COWS. 81. .6OGI460: heifers. S2-5od As; Gamers.
s1.60d290; bulls, $2-50d425; calves, s. 501
$50: Texas fed steers. S4.O0d4-5o
Receipts today. 31.000 head, esti-
mated Thursday. 25.O00 head: left over fro.-
Tuesday. 2,614 head Market steady Mixed
and butchers $595U6-25; good to choice
heavy. $6.20d6.30 rough heavy, . 500 6-l5s
light. s5.90n6 Is: bulk Of sales, S6.05n6-2o.
SHEEP-Receipts today, 1900 head
Sheep steady to lower. lambs lower Good
to choice wethers. $4.50d500; fair to choice
mixed, $3.50 4-25; western sheep. $400Q % :
native lambs, $4-25d6.00, western lambs,
81 25065O
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17

Wall Street New York June IL
STOCHS-The tone at the opening was ex-
cessively irregular and the same groups
of stocks showing d mixture of gains and
losses. There were large dealings in Wa
bash at an advance of rs noints- Wlscon-
sin Central preferred rose a point. Cole
rado Fuel and Sugar declined q point
The opening hesitapcy of the market was
dispeled and rising quotations followed
large buying of Reading, B. and O.. South
ern Pacific and the Wabashes. Wabash
dropped to PA on the next sale. The
other stocks mentioned achieved gains of
to u points and there was a general
rise also to above Yesterdays close Ad-
Vances of a point We're also made by MIN =
neapolis and sault Ste Marie preferred
Kansas City Southern. Twin City, Della
ware and Hudson. Brooklyn Gas, Reading
seScond preferred. Chicago and Alton ana
lean improved points. Cotton OH "a ana
General Electric 2a5 points TalIng on
profits on reports of possible gold exports
turned the market downward ana the ae-
tive stocks fell below the opening level
Missouri Pacific declined a point and Ca
madam Pacific IA points.
The decline carried Union Pacific. Lou
isVille Amalgamated Copper and COloradQ
Fuel under last night Reading again ied
the rally with an advance to point over
way Of Mexico preferred also gained as
Pacific. Southern Pacific. Atchison. Cana
dian Pacific, p. and o.. Louisville and
Amalgamated Copper rallied a P9lnt. II ssea
ing was light. " estinghouse Electrlc ross
points and the first preferred 70 points
over the preceding sale price
Bonds We're irregular at noon Colora-
do Fuel convertibles broke IA points and
rallied l.
Abrupt breaks of 81 points TO 80 in Col
orado Fuel checked the upward tendency
elsewhere and the market reacted a frac-
ton Renewed large orders fcr FennsylVa-
MIA and Reading lifted them as well as
other active stocks to the best prices Of
the morning Atchison rose point net
colorado FIel rallied A. poiars and the
convertible bonds points. che market be-
came quite dull at the top prices. but held
well.
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17
and Percy E. waldron. settlers. testi-

and Percy E. Waldron. settlers, testi-
fed. Court then adjourned.
one especially noticeable feature of
the day was the large number of wo-
men who f1Ocked to the court room.
They came by the score and were all
ways the first on hand. During the
day the prisoners followed closely all
the proceedings. Young Dewey was
seemingly the most interested. Mrs.
Berry, the widow and mother of the
dead men. was present in court and
closely followed everything. The first
statement she has made of the killing
was given out this afternoon. She said:
I can't see why it was done. It was
cold-blooded and believe they laid a
trap for my husband and boys. For
two years they have tormented us"
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17

St. Louis. Mo. June 1.-THE National
Stock Yards which have been closed fox
a week on account of the foods opened
today.
CATTLE-Receipts today. 100 head
Market strong Beef steers s. oed5- 10s
cows and heffers 30 25GI450: Texas steers
s.. .25d4-55; Texas cows and heifers. S250tl
HOGS-Receipts TODAY 5000 head Mar
ket steady and active Pigs and lights
81 501T4 rs: packers S4-70d4. 80, butchers and
best heavy 81 90d6-05.
SFJEFP-R Receipts today 100 head
Market strong Natives. S4-0Gd460; lambs,
S475a7.OO: Texans. S3.506425
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17
CANNONBALL WRECKED.
Rock Island Limited Runs Into
a Gravel Train.

Des Moines, Ia June 17.-Three men
were killed and several seriously injured
by the wrecking of the St Louis Min
neapolis limited on the Rock Island at
Elmira, shortly before midnight last
night. The passenger train, which is
known as the "Cannonbal1" crashed
head on into gravel train. The three
dead men have not been fully identified.
One is believed to be Fred Reisler of
Davenport; another Eldon Her1sng of
Lisbon. The dead men were riding the
blind baggage. They bore union labor
cards in their pockets, indicating that
theY We're carpenters
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17
Kansas City Livestock.

Kansas City, Mo-. June Il-CATILh-
Receipts today 800 head. Market steady
Native steers. So. .25d5 10: Texas and Indian
steers S3O0Q43o, Texas cows. s20oQ3. -.
native cows and heifers. S2.acH4-40; STOCK
ers and feeders $2.50d465; bulls, s.. 7503- i5,
calves. $2.50fI6.50: western steers, q feQ 4-.o-
western cows %. 15d3. 30
HOGS-Receipts today. 5000 head Mar
ket weak. Bulk of sales, S. .65d $50. heavy,
So. .70d600. packers S5.60n5.S5. medium, s. %
$3.50. light. s5.40Q5.70; yorl<crs, s. 70,
pigs, $45505-55.
EEP-Receipts today, 1000 head
Market steady Muttons, S3.30Q515; lambs
"a 30dT 90: range wethers. $3G5Q4.40s ewes
81 s5-Y4 20
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17
TODAY'S MARKET REPORT


New York June Close-MONEY-
Prime mercantile paper, 5n5te per cent:
sterling exchange strong. with actual bust
ress in bankers bills at S4S7a7 for demand
and at S4S5z5 for 60 days. posted rates
81. Sel2 and S4-NSlA. commercial bills. S4-S4ss
SII-VER-Bar silver, 4S1404s5sc: Mexican
dollars. 5z7sc.
BONDS -Gossrnment bonds ar.n.
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17

washington. June 17.-Ambassador
CLAYTON has cabIed the state depart
mcnt that the Mexican government yes
terday deposited to his credit 81, 42e. .6a2
on account of the Plus fund THIS
promptness on the part of the Mexican
government in meeting its obligations
has broken all records in arbitration
The money will be RENTED to Arch
bishop Riordan. bishop of San Fran
cisco, the titular claimant as there have
been no assignments to attorneys in in
farast-
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17

Topeka, June II.
GRAIN.

c1NtAds JUNE II.
NO 2 WHEAT -.--------.------------.--- SO
NO " u t1AL &c
yellow AND MIXED coFSsi. ...s5c
NO 2 OATS .......------..----.------.- Sc
NJ : FR4JITs5 f4i AND VEGETABLES. ''''
o. Anderson & Co, 20 Kansas ave-
cTSi RSxiNGEs-Csiifornia Washington na-
$40; choice brands, 81 -75q2-90; St Alichaels.
ali sizes, SS.50 per box 49,
LEAfONS-California 300 and $50 sizes.
s. 25u3-50 per box; 240 and 100 sizes. $s90f5
NAS-Fancy Port Limons. s. 25a
275 per bunch; extra large punches UP to
'PisIINEAPPLEs- Sizes "A. So So per crate.
sSTRAWBERRIEs- Home grown. 5000
BLAcKBERRIEs-P crate. 50. .50asoo
G00sEBERRIEsL Is per crate
CURRANTS- -S2.75 per crate
RASPBERRIES-Per crate. 800
TABLE PoTATOEs-Old stock. s1-25 per
NEw POTATOES Texas. sacked. FER
'1'' HOME GROWN EGE.TABLEs
GREEN BEANS-l-3 bu. box. S5c
RADISHES-P dozen lunches. 30c. 3
dozen lots 25c dozen: green onions per
dozen punches. soc; 10 dozen lots. sc per
BEETs- -45c dozen punches.
SPINACH-Per bu., 45c.
NEW TURNIPS-40c per dozen.
RHUBARB-In small lots, PIC per 10;
100 ID. lots. &c.
AsPARAGUS-4O per dozen punches.
LETTUCE-1k bu. basket. 35c-
PARSIEY-Per dozen lunches 30c.
SWEET POTATO PLANT@70cdsa %
per Loo.
TEXAS WAX BEANS-S200 per bu. box.
TEXAS SQUASH-S1.O0 per bu. box
TEXAS CABBAGE-1O0 10. lots. per cut
$3.50
CUCUMBERS- -50a75c per dozen
TOMATO ES-Florida 6-basket crate
$500: choice. $3.50: 6-basket crate
DATES-Fair 41za5c per lb- -.Fard. sQS1to
cocoANUTs-Pe 100. 500; per dozen.
soc.
CHEESE Kansas Y. A.: Isc lb.; New
York State. lie ID. brick. 15c ID: Lirnbtir-
ger. l4e ID; block Swiss. isc ID; 90-ib.
HO&EY-Colorado. sz-rack case. $50
BUTTER, EGGS, POULTRY
BUTT TER-Country. PFC
EGGS-Case count, 1oc.
POULTRY-Eiens. Sc lb. ROSTERS. 1sr
each. ducks. sc h.; geese. sc lb.: turfzevs.
I0c lb; young roosters. &C In; live sDri1f-
&c ID; live spring chickens 12c 10.
Market very firm.
PRAIRIE HAY-By car.-.... ea "a
PRAIRIE HAY-By ton (baindj ~ sfi a.
PRAIRIE HAY (OOSe) ..--...-. e 0s9F5a -
NEW ALFALFA HAY QOosel ton ~ ~
Ton1Ixa ET5dz M
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17
Notice. Topeka Teachars.

Sleeping car reservations, both Tour
ist and Standard. are now being made
for the Kansas Teachers Special train
to the N E. A. at Boston. Train leaves
Topeka at 4:30 p. m. Wednesday, July 1.
Make reservations early Call on or ad-
dress. T. L. KING.
c. P. & I. a. Topeka.
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17
WILL BE WARNER.
That Is Promise of the Weather
Bureau.

The government forecast sent out for
Kansas today was Generally fair to-
night and Thursday; warmer tonight. =
The wind today has been southwest
blowing five miles an hour. The hourly
temperatures recorded b. the govern
ment thermometer today were as fol-
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17
ATTICA THIEF CAUGHT.
Man Who Robbed Santa Fe Station
in Anthony Jail.

Attica. Kan, June 1.-THE thief who
broke into and robbed the Santa Fe
station while the agent was getting his
dinner has been captured, and is now
in the Anthony jail.
There is a clear case against him
which he cannot escape but no money
was found on him and he refuses to re-
veal its hiding place. The agent. ". L
Manson. must stand the loss. which in
cludes 50 of his personal funds.
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17

Pelzin June 17--RUssia and China have
arranged that the customs mana cement cf
Dalney and the adjoining frontiers shall
be similar TO the German arrangement at
Kiau Chou. Governor Alexieff's financial
secretary viii be the Russian manager of
the customs service at DaIney. The re-
ceipts viii be deposited in the RusSo-Chi-
rese bank.
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17
Cotton Market.

ca1veston. TEX. June 17.-COTTON-
Market duh at 121kc per H.
New York June 17.-COTT0N sales tc-
dav. ESQ bales Spot cotton closed quiet
and 10 points higher Quotations per l0l
pounds: Middling uplands- ~ -; middling
gulf s12.75.
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17

Des Moines Ia, June 17.-Robbers last
night broke into the postcffice at Rhodes.
Marshall county, 20 miles northeast. and
cleaned the place of every stamp in the
possession Of the postmaster. The loss will
be slG.Ce9
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17

Furnished by J. E. Gall. Commissions.
Grain Provisions. Cotton and Stocks
Onice 10 West Sixth street Telephone
1856 Correspondent Christie Grain and
Stock Co, Kansas City. Mol
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17
FEARS PLOT.


The proceedings in the palace today
showed the same absolute canousness
that has characterized the actions and
demeanor of everybody in Belgrade
since the tragedy.
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17

St. Louis. Mo. June 7.-WOOI-Markei
steady. Territory and western mediums,
1501Tac; fine mediums. 13d15c; fine, 14dl6c-
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17
CLOVER-June, S11.50.
BARLEY-Cash: 47055c-
TIMOTH Y-June, S3.S5.


FURNISHED By J. E. Gall. Commissions
Grain Provisions. Cotton and Stocks.
Office 11G West Sixth street. Telephone
1856 Cores espondent Christie Grain and
Stock &C., Kansas City, Mol
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17
Kansas citv Grain

IFurnished by ]. E. Gail. Cqmraissions.
Grain Provisions, Cotton and stocks.
Office 110 West Sixth street. Telephone
4S6. Correspondent Christie Grain and
Stock Co, Kansas City. MOI
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17
Patents Granted Kansana.

Washington. June 17.-These patents
have leen issued Kansans Edgar p
Brown Cottonwood Fails. lamp. Charles
3. Titus, Little River motor vehicle.
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17

Chicago, III. June 17-BUTTER-A1ark
easy Creamery, 16d21c; dairy. 151zn 1Sizc.
EGGS=Market easy. 136141zc-
CHEESE-NeW cheese steady Twins.
101zc; Daisies, lie; Young Americas. Ia
11lsc.
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17

Kansas city. June 7.-CIose-WT4EAT--
July. 6SG6Slsc; Sept, 65Ac.
CORN-July. 47lsd471zc; Sept, 45c.
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17

lined sugar steady. Crushed. S5.45; poR
dered, $4.95: granulated. S4.S5.
COFFEE-Market quiet. No Z Rio, Sc
SES-Market firm.
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17
suoar and Coffee Market.

New York. June 17.-SUGAR- Raw sugar
steady Fair refining, 51sc. centrifugal. 9s
test 1890; molasses sugar, z9-32c- Re
The Topeka state journal., 1903-06-17
Topeka Hide Markat

Topeka. June L.
on Boston quotations.
e5RhEN = 2Ar1 CURED FLAT. AT.-...---.-7i4c
~ A1AA-A0ss ...-..-'.'s-. ---..-.....-.414o
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1903-02-06

promulgated by President monroe
ito December 1873 Inc TWO
of first the PRESIDENTS
on Eurole Prt
portion this hemisphere as
second that the American ~
assumed and mann
be considered as places for uture
y European power"
this time there existed IN Europe
organized III 1919 ~
OF when ahile was
nanan a sovereign rights of legitimacy III
clothed with
of her South American anu
independent republics had been set up IN most "
doubt me purpose
of Spanish posses
them for other European
with suspicion and apprehension
to Canning
office showed special
to
to
the relations of the Spanish
that England and the
resisting the of European
territory Spanish
that
which,
Canning finally SHE'D Great Britain hesiaed recognize the
although originating the British foreign office be-
declaration after the era
brief United
as
territory
of colonization other
100000 people and
population ability
the
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1903-02-06
FACTS AsoUr OUR SHIPPING.

Five Million Tons Now Required for
American Foreign Commerce.
1t would be conservative to state that
fully 100000 tons of shipping are now
required for the carriage of our entire
foreign commerce. Toward supplying
that need home shipyards contributed
only 20,069 tons during the census
year of 1900, and only 206,771 tons dur
ing the entire ten years ending with
1900. At the rate of construction In
1900 172 years would elapse before
enough tonnage would be built for the
present needs Of our foreign trade
The average life of ship Is COM
monty computed Mt ten years, taking
into account losses, accidents and de-
terloration. But allowing twenty years
as the average life of modern steel
steamship, at the present rate of con-
struction for foreign trade over eight
years would elapse before enough ships
would be constructed to provide for
the average loss of one year. In Great
Britain. In $780, steel steamships to
the number of SGT were constructed,
the tonnage of which aggregated 1,341,-
1925, while In the United States 123
steel steam vessels. aggregating $751;.
$40 gross TONS were constructed for all
kinds OF trade, inland, coastwise and
foreign.
AS matter of fact. only one steel
steam vessel of LII tons was built In
the United States during 1900 for the
foreign trade. On the great lakes alone
vessels aggregatlng 11I241 gross tons
We're built In 1900. or 1862 per cent of
the total tonnage built during that year
In the United States. while the tonnage
built under register constituted only
~ per cent OF the total tonnage, or 26.1
per cent OF that constructed for the
traffic of the great lakes.
In number OF tons the merchandise
moved annually upon the great lakes
approxlmates very closely to the mer-
ehandise imported into and exported
from the United States, but the dis
lance It is carried Is very much less.
For this reason the commerce of the
great lakes can be carried by use of
tonnage approximately one-third as
large as is necessary for the carriage
of our foreign commerce. And yet,
says r. Smith In Leslle's Weekly, not
withstandlng the smaller requirements
of The traffic on the great lakes, the
tonnage built for that traffic In 1900
was nearly four times that built for
foreign trade.
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1903-02-06

In the use Of English. upon which they
pride themselves. and with which they
freely sprinkle their Ylddish. The
more English they can display the
smarter they are, and usually in two
years the "greener" has mastered this
difficult language. He Is put to work
after the two days are over and this
process is called "ausgreenen"-getting
chance to shed old clothes and hab
its and becoming like us; generally he
goes into a sweatshop as an "aprater,
which means that he learns to run
sewing machine, and for two weeks
he receives no wages, but good deal
Of a certain kind of training. In the
rarest instances Is he a tailor, being
almost always unused to manual Ia
Dor, and those two weeks are the hard
est OF his existence; after that time
he earns from 81 to SIPS a day, and
reaches the goal of 81 after a long
apprenticeship. Out of his wages he
sends money to his wife and chill
dren or aged parents whose support he
Is, and to whom America Is still n
large gold field where money Is picked
up. The wife and children are anx-
lousy waiting to join him. and he Is
saving money for their tickets.
Pitlful was the story of cloak
presser who has wife and four chill
dren on the other side and who has
been almost heart-broken because he
has been here two years and has been
kept by "hard luck" from sending for
them. | worked by his side for day,
receiving my first lessons In cloak
pressing from him, and the last letter
from his wife was so pathetic that 1t
drew tears from my eyes and money
from my pockets toward those tick
cts When the days work was over
and the possibility of soon seeing his
family was almost realized he said as
we parted. 81 shall sleep happily to-
night" and so did l In spite of heat
and sore muscles.