davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1903-07-31
Gu6aniihe &epplltS5er.
Grbsbnn0 in brr prouin3 Santiago.
Wubiliiirnng Der SanS9cnodrmertc.
9lmfcrScm fucroen 0Dluntarc
anacpurbcn.

5rii6sre 3epoluttonstdmpfer perldn@
gen i6ren 6olO. - 3uperIidtli6e
@rtldrungen Der gegierung. =
8eiterss ii6er Die Grplo7ion in
Qopsa. - 6ol9en Oes 0pnamitz
2lttentats in COLORADO Springs.
= 8e78Gftsleute pertreiben 6tri=
fer aus Dem Orte. - Sine per-
tru6te Iationul6unt in 9onles=
topn, ga. - 9rdiiOent uno&ai=
Iirer getaOelt.
6apuna, 30. Suli. - 3roB Der
geftern BON Senor Yero, Setretdr be8
Snneren, gsma9ten M}ittbeilung, baB
Die S0otung BON orei MGnnern uno
oie8efungennabme zines pierten, pel@
6e cine @r6ebung in Der NGbe Oon
8aDamu, 8ropin3 Santiago, dn5ufd@
6sn perIu9ten, alien 2tufitcnOsgeliiz
ten i'm 0ftli6en Cuba pirfIam Elm
gnoe gema9t bdtten, tommen 6eute
Nu6ri6ten, pel6e Die frii6eren @ez
rii9te Iber einen lufitanO in Der
9ropin3 Santiago beitdtigen. 0ieien
ga9ri9ten 3ufoIge erI9ienen so Be
paFfnete in Der 9la9t pom leBten
Spnntag DOR ben 90rfern i'm Guutoz
0iitrifte, protlumirten eine gteoolu=
tipn uno foroerten8e3a6lung 0esSolz
oes Der friiberenSolodten Der cubantz
ihen Repolutions Qlrnee. Bis jeBt
Iino feine 8epalttbdtigteiten genet
bet noroen, ausin groBe 2lufregung
6erri6t unter ben 8enobnern. Der
55H6rer Der 2tufitGnoii4en beiBt Pupo
uno 1T Elm 8ruber oe8 am 0ienita9
BON Der Qanopoli3ei get0oteten Ban
bitten.
General Roorigue3, O6erbefebl5baz
Der Der 2anopoli3ei, bat cine iturte
Streitma9t na6 Den beorobten Oiz
itriften gai6idt, uno Der 8ouperpeur
Der propin3 Santiago 1T dutoriiirt,
i'm g}otbfuGe 6reipiQige an3uIper6en.
(SpGter.) - Bis beute g&d6mit~
taa iinb feline peiteren 9}d6ri4ten
ii6er ben 2(ufItanb i'm 0Itli4en Cuba
einqstroffen. Sruppen putrouilliren
6eiOe Seiten oes Gauto>6lufeS uno
fu6noen auf bic RebsIen. lle6er Die
StGrfe Der QeBteran liegen feline 3uz
oerlGIiigen Nadri6ten Dor.
StaatsfefretGr 0ero erfldrte, DaB
bic Regierung Der Situation pollitGnz
big gepu6ien lei, Denn ale 8eridte
beuten Ourauf bin, baB Die 0ffentlt4e
Meinung auf Seiten Der Regierung
oes PrGiiDanten Yalma lei, uno Die
Re6ellen ge60rten neiIten5 Der faulen
&lafTe pon 9uerte principe an. Dem
8erne6men na9 bieten 3a6lrei4e5reiz
tpiQige Der Regierung i6re 0ienite
an
Die cu6aniids @erfuiiun8 9eite6t
ben Ser. Stodten betanntIid Elm Snz
terpentionsre9t aud in inneren Qn>
gelegenEeiten gu, tpem Die Regierung
ii8 Der 2tufgabe, Rube unO OrOnung
auf Der SnieI aufredt gu erbaIten,
nt9t gepa9Ien 3eigen iollte.
2(uS 0ieIem 8runbe perOen bic
bis6er Oorliegsroen IpGrliden gtu6z
ri6ten iiber Die in Der 9robin3 Sanz
tiugo be Cuba au8gebrodenen llnruz
BEN in 8ai6ingtoner Regierungstretz
fen nm 10 Iebbafter interefiiren.
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1903-07-31
fills 9aarz anO Bart firbemittrI,
ZdUarl Ocer Sraun- (sJ

neIde nit Dem TDnigspadre unD Dem
GarI Of 0uoleD, 2pro=2ieutenant BON
sTrlanO, am 8orb qeItern DOn 8un=
crana an Der glorotiiite abfu6r, lang
te qeItern in Der &iQerpz8di an Der
0eIttijTte an. 2roB De5 unfreunoltz
6en Q8etters lunOeten Die 3eiienDen
an Der M}uDpzSeite Der 8ui unb
fu6ren ipdter in einem W}otorpagen
Dur6 Die malerii6en 8egenDen oteie8
56eile5 Don Syrlanb, pobei iie iich bic
le Der 2lrbeiterz z&Dlonie'n am Wege
6eIuben. @eItern 2(beuD naren Die
&riegsi6ifFe in Der 8oi illumtntrt,
uno auf osn umgebenOen Bergen uno
!6uqeln brunnten 6reu0enfeuer.
6eute Fubr bo5 t0niglide Paar in
N}otorDugen 0ur6 Die @egeno pon
Gonnemara. 80nigin 2ueranOru bat
Dem Gurl Of 0uDleD $25OO 3ur Ser
t6eilunq unter Die Grmiten Qeute BON
Dublin un0 Qn0eren IbeilenSrlonO's
iiberQeben.
Die 6euttge 2l6fa6rt 0ss &0nig5z
pdures erfolgte um 9 llbr 8Ormitz
tags pm Dem Qearune, an ben lfern
De5 RiQdrnenzSee's. Bon bort ging
es per Q(uto Ourh Do5 GanO nd6 Gez
ceB unD 0unn per Gi7enbabn na4
@dlnan, no Die 8e7uc6er ipGt 9&ad]z
mittaQs untQmsn, Sine ent6ultaItt=
f6s 8epiQtommnung DurOe tbnen
aQent6aI6en 5eiten5 Der 8e00lterung
5u She'll.
Reue r1tmess"6 6eBsreien,
QpnOOr, 30. Suli, - Der Sit
mes" nirD BON i6rem GorreipOn0enz
ten in Berlin geT6rie6en, Die beutI6e
8re1e beitdrte &uBlan0 in ieiner
fon0erbaren 6oltung ge9snii6er Der
9Traqe Der GrIaleBung manoiduri=
f6er 6Gfen unO Iuae gu glei6er 3ett
- fire ijblid) britiIhzfejnOlihe Sat
tif 6eFolqen0 - be3eihnenbe @ontraz
fe in Oem 8er6ulter GngIunb'8, Sdz
pans unb Der Ser. Stoaten 6erDOrz
3u6e6en. Sin b6Qig entite1te5 Bib
per6c tGglib gcqeben, t6eiI5 in 2eitz
urtifsln, tbeils in elmer raffjnirtsn3us
fummen7teQung au8p0rtiger 9epez
f6en. Dies qe6e 76on felt ldn9erer
3eit, 6iloc o6er nur cine GpiIooe in
Der 6e6urrIiter 4otitif 0eut76lanb's,
bor guBlano BEL ieber 8elegen6eit 3u
frie6en uno Die 6eiti8teit briti14er
2(uiun3er an3u3neifeln.
Gtrttes in Glib 8uBIaub.
Qpnbpn, 30. 9yuli. - Der r3iz
mes" 3u 6Olge fdeint Iia Der Strife
in 8dfu, SUoruBlano, 3ur erniteiten
Q(r6eiter7t0runq berau5biloen 3u mol
len, bic Ii6 iemals in &uBlanb ereig=
rete. Gr babe 6ereits Stills, RoItoD
un0 g}Dpo 9I6erfasf i'm @e6iete Der
0onzGoTaden in W}itleioenfhaft gez
3pqen un0 audi ltnter ben Qngeite1ten
Der 8ubnen i'm fernen Siten be9inne
es 3u Qdbren. Syn8ori7ogleb5t an Der
8u6nlinie 3piIaeu 9Orone3b uno Der
unteren 0olga lei es 81 neuen 4uss
i6reitunQen getOmmen.
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1903-07-31

re6net; Der 8erluit i'm peiteren I'm
tretie oiirfte minOeitsns bic glei6e
Qobe erreifen. Die W}e6r3abl Der
3ertrimmerten unO bei6dOigten odus
Ter mar bon 6lbrifdrbaitern bepobnt,
bon nenen piele 6auseigent6imer ma
ren. Sine gan3e 2tn3abt DisIer I'm
9liidliden bat 6a6e uno 6eim perlos
rem unO befinbet ii6 in bsOrdngter
Sage. Sir Die ObOa6loien uno
y{ot6leiOen0en peroen Sdmmlungen
perunitaltet.
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1903-07-31


SSoa6o Springs, = @e76dftsz
Ieute gegen ItritenOe @rubenarbeiz
ter.
SOo6o 6pring5, GoL, 80,
Suli. - Die bieIigen 8epobner iino
entI6lofen, Der S6retensberrI6aft
Der 8rubenar6eiter Union Elm GnOe
gu maiden. Die 0pnamit Grplo@
iion, our6 pel6e am W}ittrpo6 Gddt
Elm She'll Der 2(nlugen OeS Sun uno
W}oon 8ergperte5 5erit0rt Duroe,
ion ous QBsrt BON fritenoen Union
2eutsn qepsien iein, uno oieie 4nz
nd6me miro our6 Die 5bdtIdfe be-
itGtigt, oaB Elm M}ann, Der na6 Der
@rploTion BON Dem 5bdtorte Ddoon>
lief uno BON Dem 8ru6enpG4ter arz
f6oRen puros, ais Elm N}itgliso Der
Union Der 9rubendr6eiter ertannt
puroe. Die ourauffolgenOe 8erbdf>
tuna BON % Union Wtitglie0ern,
einI6lieBli6 oes 8rdIioenten 8. Srez
f5e uno unoerer 8eamten, unter Qn=
fluqe Der 8et6eiligung an Dem 9p@
namit 8er6re6sr, fahte Die Gr6itz
terung ii6er oas Srei6en oisierllnionz
leute auf'8 606Ite an, uno in elmer
nod qeitern 2lbeno abge6altansn8iirz
QerDerIummlung naro beI6lofsn, Sc
malt Dor 8e6t gu ge6rdu6en uno Die
2(nfu6rer Der Union ni4t ldn8er i'm
Orte 3u Ouloen.
llngefG6r 5OO8urger uno9eiddftsz
leute orungen gu ipGter Stunoe in
ou8 @efdngniB elm, nubmen Oier3eRn
bon ben per6afteten llnionleuten in
tire Mitte uno qeleitetsn iie an Die
SrtSqren3e, mo i6nen Orobsno Die
@eiIung gegeben puros, SodRo
Springs fir INNER gu perldnen uno
nimmer mieoer3ute6rsn. Inter ben
2(usgspieIenen befanoen iid Der 8rdz
Ti0ent, Der 8ice PrdiiOent, SetretGr
uno G6aBmeiiter, IolUie orei Y}itz
glieoer Der Gretutips Der Union. @iz
nice oon ben 2(u8gspieienen tIo8ten,
tie Ieien gan3 obne 8elOmitteI, uno
auf Der 5teGe paro fir lie cine
6ummlung unter ben dnpeienoen
8iirgern Deranftaltet. 0as @orgeben
Der Ortsbeno6ner erfolgte in ru6iz
ger, u6er enti6ieoener 0eiie.
Die iibrigen, pegen 8st6eiligung
an oem 0pnamit Gomplot Oer6af@
teten llnionleute, Die man in Dem 8sz
fGngniB 3uriidlieB, nur0en ipdter
na6 @eorgetopn, Dem @ountpiiB, In
8enabrIum qebraft.
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1903-07-31
Ghrf Nrt6nr's Nadlfulaer aeiforbrn.

GIebeIun0, 81, 80. Sult. -
Giner bier eingetroffenen 0epei6e
3uFolge iit 81, 3, gOungIon Ra6folz
ger Des por peni9en Su9en oa6ingez
I6Roensn 8ranO Gbief 2lrtAur pom
Der o8rof6er6ooo Der 2otOmotiOfii6z
rer," in ieinem 8obnorte MeaOoiGe,
ga, 6eute N}orgen geitorbsn. Sein
56niegerIpbn, Or. u. s. Barren
BON youngstown, erbielt Die Hd4>
ri6t ppn Dem 4bleben.
W}eubpilGe, pa. 80. Suli. -
Der bier oeritorbens 8rano Gbief
goungIon BON Der n8rotberboOo Der
2ofomotipfiibrer" erlag einemgierenz
leioen. 8ur8 DOR ieinem 0abinI4et@
ben beItimntte er 90. 8. Sbap BON
0oungstopn, O., gu feinem Ra4fol~
qer. Den 4oiten be5 8ranO @bief
6efleioete er erIt feit Dem II. D. 4}ts.
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1903-07-31

.sr@NaA s. SitutL Ocr poblb;fdHntt
<wA Cptit,r. it mit tiuim pollitigD:acu
KT%A Ylder non mo0crntn opfIid5H 9Saa=
1SI rem nah Gr p g9ct=xtruQtpu=
StraBc ;yibtr S:ibditspllB p0u
aHQuitu5 8iumj umlejogsu
tnotm p.r otm 4ublitum iiir otfcu b;sbtrlle
IrcuuOlibe unO liberals patronage OluttH, bitt:H
mir, uns uiticlbc aub III 3utunit iu bclpdbrsn
Augcn gratis nntcrfHdit. Stablirt 1873.
6ier miro Scutfcb ssiprpcbem.
2ll-l2,D
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1903-07-31

Sic R6niqiu antr Qintu III oi: st. @crs
noro Rr1utcrs 9iat. u,ldDt itit 1a5rbuuocrten NIT
Qr6bttr SorQfdlt oou OtH eBrDurotQtn q.
Ptruorps Priptru btrtit,t porotn IN. glus o,H
btilfrdftiatr @lpenfrduttru, pel6t bic irommtu
ll0nds nit iuuoiqcm Siru iommclteH erisu0t'u
re mas iberous ptrtbDoat 6tiimittd, iDel6t5 fd
bel @crtopiuuq eebtrltioen, Stroduuna slbnabt
pag 8Idnstnbt { btpobrt YciOen0s fperoeu
- ribt bcrcutu. pcm altcu uuo btndbrtcu ocut=
ib,n ntimit,l ~ pertraucn, che ft f6 3u ibrtm
9lhtb;;l pom otn a,l5ncru@eH Huprellun1tu
prrtbfoitr mn itdoljdtr @irtursn Qatu uuD
ouosrer Rrdparats pcrltittH lahta. l9li, 9lo, Gr)
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1903-07-31
tDnnOcr6Qrcu

Scri6Oncrun8smitte(8
eine io(d' itarte, OaR ielbft Die
,ltatten 1tnO ab8eb6rmttc1r
@attgcm Gltercr @crIOmcn
0nr6 Oafel6c ole SliltBe Oer
SS1t9ettO crlangcn.
9n aIEen Qpot6e6en ut Ga6en.
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1903-07-31
Saltimprc.Sbip= Giicnbnhn=
SrfuriiunS: Bulletin.

ndd 5rereri5. 5drpers
,yerrp uue 9Sird,eifer uHe iuriId, SoHHs
taQ otu ,. auqut. SpcBIul3u9 n'rz
last 6amOtu=9abubof Z llbr @Urmltiaes.
.25-SdIttmure nab gan 6rdnitseos
Gal, umc suriIf. seIessntltd bes 9tatlos
rul5ftlOlaQtrs Dcr IS. u. r." Billet;
utrOtn pom 81 5uli biz -. @uguit, cin=
i6lieblid), Dtrtouit SitiG bis jum II.
Sttubcr NtorDlduoT oauptquartltr=3u9
ucrldBt Dtu GamDtns@ @dbnbui am 9. Hus
ouii Inn 10 lIbr &ormittdqs (2l2l
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1903-07-31

0lcmn'S Scifc miro ourdl bic Bot
OcriauOt fir 30 Gcut5 oas Stiif
uocr 75 Gcnt5 fiir Orci Stiidc Ourdl
Die GbnrIcS u. Critic
So, I15 Sutton Ctr, Nciu.9Drt.
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1903-07-31
Stets
3ltperGd(fg.

SO gi6t ie6r picle i6dO,
lidjc @rdparate, pel8e 3nr
Serid0ncrang Ocr 9ant &c,
bran6t DerOcn mo ocricl6en ein
flares, Onr6iidti9e5 gInsieben
berleiBen, a6er Oer GTeft 1T
,tnr tetmpOrdr atmO Die enOs
9itIti9e iyOl9c eine ,tn.
DcilOOac. !lu5 Oieiem 0rnnOe
miro ienc8 nGiolut Darntloie
S,atstUcrid) id)0mcrttt9smit>
tel, weldeS in oct 8anjea SSelt
ais
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1903-07-31
Ol>rort'S
Ezs7zsslsz3
SdlUcfcllcifc

befannt III, jest nttsi0lieBltdJ
9ebra'1d)t, nm ole 9alttiarbe
3n bcri6Gnern nnO Iclbit Oct
onnfclitclp $9altt elite Oatt-
crnOe SO6nbcit 3n herlei-
ben. Sbatia9lidl TT oie 8ir-
flung Oieie8
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1903-07-31
G. tt ger 8
~ SSdttOeIsid1ttle,

Orr. 2g5, Cf'SaIttmcre' Ctr, Baltimore.
srlnpN6.r untrriat in Sttuogrdpb;s, Espts
Dritina subbaIttn, s3oni9Tsibtn, agitbmstt
GneIii8 u. {. 10.
8eoingungen: $500 pro N}onat; 3
W}onate $500; 6 Wtorate $4,000;
II N1onate $500; QbenbI4uIe. 6
N}onute $500. 2tue Bidder uno
G9ret6materiaIten frei. SteQungen
garantirt.
56aler aut etig,uoitH qe5eu 3lbun3 BON $700
pro Nouat abtHobult nab osm trit.n Nouat
s.. 30 pro Vlonat, ptuH mOnati3 b,jabt Grflb.
rtne a:brtr aHOipioutatr unttFr'4t. IS mO0erns
Sop.prit.rs 943 S6ul:r in sstsn Jdbre -Gols
lea, 9o1roina Saus iisisrt Rot uuO 2Seis ju ni,s
orioeR 9reiitn. 3assss uno abtnO=Rurus itst cr-
6ffn,t. Rsu, 6duI:r tdgli4 duiatH0mmsn. II.
sSabr.
llnqep0bnIi9e 8elegen6eit fir itre6z
fame S9iiIer gum rui4en 8Orpdrtsz
fommen.
SataloOs suIaHas man iaritIi4 mlnOI;b sOsr
ptr SeIspboR- l221-S&Sbl
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1903-07-31
Iusgrmieicn.

6olgen oes 0pnamit Qttentat5 in
SS5ou6o Springs. = @eI6dftsz
leute gegen itritenoe 8rubenarbeiz
ter
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1903-07-31

QOnbon, 80. 3uli, - Die 0ods
unO Tra6tIduppsn Der n8reat Sem
trail Railmap~ 5u @rimsbp' iino our4
6suer 3er7t0rt nOroen. Die ShuPz
pen ent6ielten groBe 0uantitdten0}as
i6inerie uno 8erfte. N}dn i6dBt Den
WerInft nnf 100000.
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1903-07-31
GjroBe Gerempnielr,
9er nene !Scirige in 2tW6Cano.
user CT fuar unS iuaS CT gotham ba=
ben iull. Sin bimuliicbcr Scr=
mittlcr fiir ncm G5nrcn.

Striter pon 5ruppen ME
Oergeidofen. 9ertebrsitodunz
gen in 6olge pon 2tusitdnoen in
0ofenfdoten am i6por5en 9eer.
- O6truftioniIten Ideioen aus
benz lInterbau7e oe5 un8oriiden
Rsi6stages. = N}e6r G6ren fir
uniere 5eeleute in 2iFa6on. -
80nig goparO fd6rt ouf einem
2tuto in Srlono Ipa3ieren.- Geuz
erSbrunit in 8rin8bn.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1903-04-10
Men Win Long Fight.

The long fight between the Granite
Cutters National union and the Mary
land Granite company of Baltimore
has ended with a victory for the
union. The strike began July 8. In
the beginning the company imported
strike breakers, who were mostly
Italians from New York city, hired
through .padrone. The company
has the contract for building the new
Baltimore custom house, and the cut
stone delivered at the site was declar.
ed to be of such inferior workman
ship that the attention of the govern
ment was called to it. The company
was informed that the character OF
the work must be improved. The
Italians were turned loose and the
work at the federal building ceased
for two months before the union was
asked to name its terms. The union
demanded an eight-hOur work day,
with 1926 in wages for inside men
and $500 for outside men, all work to
be done by union men. The com.
pany. after another long delay, grant
ed every demand. This week ESQ
union men are at work getting out
the stone for the structure, which
will take between two and three
years to complete.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1903-04-10
To Avert Strikes.

A movement has been started In
New York which will be extended to
cities, the design of which is to make
the national civic federation more
local in it's operation by establishing
local declarations in various cities
which shall make the federation
power in the settlement of strikes.
The federation was at first declared
to be too much in the nature OF an
imposing figurehead which II was
supposed would seldom be invoked,
although Mr.. Oscar S. Straus declares
that it has already headed of at least
twenty disputes that would have leu
to destructive strikes. The only Iaii-
ure was in the coal strike, which was
of such a nature that it was bound to
/ be a failure in any event.
The great number of names attach
ed to a local committee makes the
number of intere. in any community
so imposing that there Is great pros
lpect. of the parties in dispute getting
together. and there is not little
pressure inevitably brought to bear
while the stronger each side grows
the stronger leaders they Will nave
and the less chance for conflict, says
Mr.. Straus.
The real purpose is to organize the
best elements of communities into
local declarations of the great central
federation, which shall pledge aDso
lutte fairness, though made up OF en-
ployers, civilians and wage-earners.
Those who accept places on the local
committees are pledged to active SER
vice and are expected to take deep
and impartial interest in the avoid
ance of strikes and justice to all con-
cerned.
Local organizations of the newly
organized body are now in process OF
formation in Philadelphia, Chicago
Boston, Cleveland and other cities,
and the hope is confidently expressed
that in due time general symposium
of the people will have been formed
which snail render the strike a thing
of the past.-Boston Globe.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1903-04-10

tian religion owes the original adop-
ton of the cross as symbol. over
the spot where the cross was discoy-,
cred a chapel was erected and the
sacred wood was retained Fby Helena
in Jerusalem and deposited under
the great church or basilica erected
by Constantine over the place OF
crucifixion and burial. For three
hundred peaceful years the cross
remained in the custody OF, the blsh-
op of Jerusalem. Every Easter 1t was
exhibited to the pilgrims who throng-
ed the Holy City. Then came three
hundred years of comparative obscur-
ity, from which the cross emerged to
become the center of upheavals that
convulsed the entire civilized world,
arrayed the West against the East,
and caused the spilling of oceans OF
blood-the wars of the Crusades.
The story of the valiant crusaders
and their series of attempts to rescue
the holy wood from Moslem hands is
well known. After a series of vicissi-
tudes, victory finally perched on the
banners of the Saracens, who, under
the great Saladin, defeated the Chris
tians at Hattin, in battle of fright
full carnage. On that day, the 9Th
of July 1887, the cross was lost to
the Christians. 1t was never again
recovered Richard the Lion Hearted
and many other warriors went to the
rescue, but to no avail. Finally the
cross disappeared. OF its fate moth
ing is known. For hundreds of years
a search was maintained. but without
success. 1t is generally believed that
the superstitious Moslems, fearing
the powers of the cross, destroyed it
in order to prevent it's possible re-
capture by the Christians. This, in
brief; is all that is known of the his
tory of the true cross itself.
After the crucifixion over three CEN
turtles elapsed before the cross as a
symbol in any form became part
of the church observance, and seven
centuries passed before the crucifix
was finally adopted. This prolonged
delay proceeded from two main
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1903-04-10
The Oriein of the Cross

causes. The early Christians had
not fully eradicated the old prejudice
against the cross, and they thought
the scene of the crucifixion too sacred
to be pictured in images.
Prior to the fourth century the
holiest of Christian symbols was the
monogram of Christ. 1t was woven
into all ecclesiastical vestments and
formed a prominent feature of other
decorations. About the year 1893 the
first crucifix was introduced into the
church. 1t was made of dark red
wood and at the intersection Of the
two parts bore the figure of the
lamb, the objection to the using of
the actual figure of Christ being still
strong.
Somewhat later came the Greek
crucifix, one of the most beautiful
of all the forms, and which many
contemporary divines contend would
form a more fitting part of church
ceremonials than the one in common
use. This Greek cross was meant to
Lypuy Tie triumph ONci uSdlu, Dul III
such a manner as to divest as far as
possible the entire subject of its
gruesome and morbid aspect. 1t
blossomed with flowers of gold and
silver and was richly studded with
gems. In 692, during the reign of
Justinian, the Council of Trullo was
held. The object of the famous con-
ference was to devise a means by
which to circumvent the mysticism
and symbolism that were threatening
to undermine the Christian religion
and deprive it of it's true meaning 1t
was pointed out that the signs and
symbols used in the service were be-
coming more and more important
than the things they stood for, and
that to the ignorant mind the story Of
the life and sufferings of Christ be-
gan to be only sort of myth, an
allegory. 1t was resolved to substi.
tute the actual human figure Of the
crucified Christ for that of the SYM
bolic lamb. This act resulted in the
creation Of the orthodox crucifix of
to-day.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1903-04-10
4B0Peeesz

country does not seem to sympathize
to any great extent with the railroad
brotherhoods which have been en-
Joined by the federal courts to pre-
vent their members on the Wabash
system from going on strike. Leaders
in both the American Federation of
Labor and the Knights Of Labor say
that the railroad brotherhoods have
brought the trouble on themselves by
agreeing to certain parts Of the rail-
road arbitration law enacted by Con-
gress in the winter Of 1878, by which
their disagreements with railroad COM
panies and interstate carriers come
within the jurisdiction of the United
States courts and strike can be pre-
vented by federal injunction, as was
the case in st. Louis. What action the
railroad brotherhoods will take In the
next Congress to have the present
laws revised will be watched with In
terest by all organized labor.-Chicago
Inter Ocean.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1903-04-10

The origin of the cross as symbol
is shrouded in the dim mists OF
almost prehistoric antiquity. Centur-
les before the Gallo and Cymrics Celts
swarmed over England, centuries be-
fore the lowly Nazarene' began, pro-
mitigating his doctrines, centuries be-
fore the beginning of the Old; Tesla
ment history, the cross was an I'M
portant factor in the lives Of men. 1t
forms part of the lore of the most
ancient of religions. Never is, a great
excavation made but that many varia-
lions of the cross forms are. exhumed
and under circumstances which prove
that they have been religious SYM
bols.
There are many evidences to prove
that prior to the time OF Christ the
Cross was with the Jews a.. sign OF
salvation. The brazen serpent was
Moses instructed the people of Israel
to mark their doorposts. with the
blood of the sacrificial lamb he told
them to make the mark in the form
of cross. The sign of the cross Is
frequently found on ancient Jewish
monuments near Perseapolis.
What became of the true cross is
one of the greatest miracles of all
time. 1t is true that there are in
many Old and New World cathedrals
bits of wood purporting to be part of
the true cross. In some cases, notably
that which concerns the fragment of
the tablet placed over the cross by
Pilates order, and which is now in
the ancient church of Santa Croce
at Rome, their authenticity seems
fairly well established; but so min
ute are the fragments that, according
to one ancient writer, if all were col
lected and put together they would
only make a block oil wood about
twenty inches long. eight inches wide
and three inches thick.
It was three centuries after the
crucifixion of Christ before the cross
was found. It's discovery was due to
the devont Helena, wife of the EN-
peror Constantine, who abolished
crucif1xion and to whom the Chris
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1903-04-10
Cement Workers to Organize.

call for convention to be held
in San Francisco, June Is, for the
purpose of forming an international
union of cement workers, has been
sent out from the city of the Golden
Gate. 1t is proposed when the inter-
national union is formed that it af-
fi,iate with the American Federation
of Labor. The objects, as expressed
in the convention call, are as follows:
First, to rescue the trade from the
low level to which it has fallen In its
unorganized state. Secondly, to es-
tablish more firmly the shorter work
day, and ultimately uniform mini
mum rate of wages. Third, by
mutual effort to raise the members
to that position in society to which
they are justly entitled. Fourth, to
cultivate a feeling of friendship
among the craft and to elevate the
moral, intellectual and social condi
ton of all journeymen mechanics,
cement workers and laborers. Fifth,
to establish more harmonious rela-
lions between the employer and the
employee through beneficial legisla-
ton. Cancellation and arbitration.
Sixth. to assist each other to secure
employment Seventh, to furnish aid
in case of death or permanent disa-
bility. and for mutual relief and for
all other fraternal and benevolent
purposes