The independent. [volume] (Lincoln, Neb.) 1902-1907, 1903-07-23
A Rsvisw Of Modern Society IN this Light Of
Ethnolsgy and Economics, Showing that the
Tendency Of Capitalism Il Toward : Revival Of
Democracy on {. fiigher Scale, IN Which impss-
ialism Win Be InconceivabIs.

/
/ phratries. The gems had its Archon
Tor chief, who also oficiated as priest
liz the religious observances OF the
gems, and each phratry had it's patri-
arch who presided at its meetings and
offlclated in the solemnization of its
religious rites. Each gems, phratry
and tribe spoke the same dialect of the
same language. The Basileus was a
chief who stood at the head of each
tribe. He also possessed priestiy func-
tons, but it is not known that he had
any political power. During the he
roic period of Greece-B. G. 800 to $50
the Athenian government bore a
close resemblance to the Aztec and
ether American confederacies that had
reached the second status of barbar-
ism, as it was composed Of three parts.
viz: first, council of chiefs, that was
doubtless selected by the chiefs of the
gems from their own number; second
the Agora, an assembly composed of
al the people who desired to partici-
pate in it's deliberations, and, third. a
Basileus, or chief, who possessed the
attributes OF judge, priest and COM
mandeE~of the military forces. In the
Agora, or assembly all questions of
general interest were discussed and
then voted upon by show of hands.
ana such vote usually Influenced the
council in its final decisions.
| The Athenian gentle military dem
ocracy was transformed into a politi-
cal democracy under the leaderships
OF Scion (B. c. 594) and Cleisthenes
tB. c. 500, and as a result property
ceased to be communal and became
individual.
The economic or industrial reyolu-
ton thai made this change of owner
snip possible had been going on for
wv years. Not however, until Cleis-
tLlnes had discovered the idea of the
deme or township was the political
revolution that changed the system of
ownership made possible.
In short, the system of production
was individnalistic before rriyate
property in land was a possibility.
ROME UNDER GENTILEISM.
Previous to the time of Romnlus
(about 1853 b. c., the Romans com
prised a loose confederation Of thirty
u1oes. They were then in the upper
status OF barbarism. The Roman gen
tile society was composed of gems.
.curla and tribes that finally united in
confederacy. Ten gems made a cnria
anu ten curia made tribe but. under
the leadership of Romulus all the
ourla were combined into three tribes
ne government comprised an assem- |
Dly OF the people, to whom all i'm /
portant matters were submitted. q
council OF chiefs or senate. connosed /
at flrst Of 100 members or one far
each gems, but after. the number ~
senators was raised to 800, that is. 100
TOT each tribe; lastly, there was a
mead war chief, or Rex, who also nos
sessed certain religious functions.
In snort, the Roman government in
tEis status of barbarism was nract;-
caily the same as that of the Aztecs
reruvlans and Greeks in the Same
stage OF social development.
SoClAL CUSTOMS COMPARED
~ bring out more clearly our con
tenton that the social customs of
mankind are. in, the main. deteym;ne,i
ny law OF social development we
VIII briefly compare the leading social
of Rome. Greece and
me lroquois confederacy in the same
status OF barbarism. They are as fol.
lows: % ioi-
LIGHTS, PRIVILEGES AND
OF THE MEMBERS
~, THE IROQUOIS GEMS.
TT The right of electing its sacher,
and chief; f2) the right of denosina ;t =.
,achem and chief; f3) the Obligation
lot 70 marry in the gems; ca the mn
,ual rights of inheritance of pronertv
!, deceased members; (3) reciprocal
'Dilgatlons of help, defence and red
'ess OF grievances; t6) the right Of he ,
lowing names upon its members. ~,
ne right of adopting strangers into ;
ne gems; 81 common religions rites !
'uerfy; 80 q common burial Mace. ;
w council of the gems. iFrom :
aorgan's Ancient Society. PAGE ~ !
LIGHTS. PRIVILEGES AND '
OF THE MEMBERS !
n THE GRECIAN GEMS 9
W Common religious rites -. \
mutual rights of succession to nron
rty OF deceased members; (3) a com !
non burial place; (4) reciprocal ohli- :
OF help, defence and redress /