The Montgomery advertiser., 1903-08-23
PART vT.

PART VI
 We come now to q very important as- nect of this discussion-the reladons of She different members of the white race nn the subject of the treatment of the polored races That there is e wide di- werrence of opinion among the white peo. pies on this subject Is too true to need
 TSe historicai attitude of the white man toward the lower races of different color ana ethnic character from himself is an interesting feature of the general situar &ion, and ia calculated to throw much aieht on the conditionss now obtaining:
 fn general this historical attitude has Been marked in the main by steadaass antipxthy and relentless warfare Ine earliest record of contact between tnese races dates back to the rise of the Medo- Persian Empire and to it's conflict wiln fhe Babyfonians. These Babyionaans' while not at all . negro or African peSpls. oO,. were still of the dark race which has peen called Hamfttc for want of better name. and in accord with the scripturai dfvisiou of the early races or mankind. Ht is. however, entirely certain that they were of distinctly different ethnic char acter from their neighbors beyond the eastern watershed of the Eupnrates. enc That fney were inferior Is evinced by the fact of their conquest by the latter. The next general movement of the white race awainsf khe darker people occurred when fi1n Hebrews oyerran the Canaanites, and fhis event is particularly noteworthy from khe fact of the intensity ofsthe antipathy between the two races, and from the soi- emn warnings of their great constrnctive statesman, Moses, against sparfng the barbafiaEs in the slightest. That the Hebrews suffered deterioration from their subsequent disregard of these warnings ss one of the most potent facts In the Biblical record.
 Then arose the memorable conflict of khe Greeks, who were one of the purest white races in all history. with the oark. CT people of the East. This ended, as every school-boy knows, in the complete victory of the more highly developed Hell aenic civilization, and 1t is again worthy of special note that those people rom whom Alexander encountered the fiercest and most successful resistance were his cousins cognate. the Bactrian tribes, rom whose ranks white men had already con- nuered the black men of Hindoostan.
 Then arose the Romans. and in their wars with Pyrrhus, with Hannibal, with Nfithridates, with the Egyptians, again illustrated theiincompatibility of the pure white race with either the pure dark races or even the mixed people with some white blood in them.
 The rise of the Arabic power, and sub heauently of their Turkish successors, might seem at first as one instance of the dominance of at least one dark race over some of the white races. But this view as superficial. The victories of the Mo- hammedans over the parts of the Roman Empire which they overran were obtained over only those parts Of the Empne m which there had been a considerable as- similation and amalgamation of the dark peoples who were left after the Grecian and Roman conquests. Moreover. the Arabs. while darker, and of lower or der than the Romans, were not negro or African race, but are the near rela- fled scientifically as ranking among the whites. But the clearest indication of the intrinsic inferiority of even the Arabs to the pure Caucasian is seen in the over whelming defeat that they sustained at the hands Of the Franks and allied Euro peans under Charles Martel at the mem- 0rahie battle of Tours. From that time forward the dominance of the white man over all other races became only a matter of time. Babylon, Marathon, Arbela. Carthage, Tours, Omdurman are imper- 1shable monuments to the fact that the white man has ruled the earth and they ought to silence forever the; false hopes which some try to Inspire in the lower races. and the unhappy delusions' under which some members of those races per bist in remaining.
 It is. only when we come to the last century that there emerges any other at- kitude on the part of the whites toward khe other races than that of persistent antagonism. It is not pertinent here to Inquire minutely into the causes of this change. which are complex and varied. Principal among them have been the inc Guenne of the Christian religion, the growth of the idea of personal liberty, the discovery of the economic utility of the lower races, the freedom from fear of any conquest by these races, and the rise of vast consolidated governments tending to vastrain the natural animosities of racial Rntipathy.
 Since the general cessation of direct ac- tive warfare against the darker races, 3here have arisen a variety of opinions among the dominant peoples as to the place to which these weaker members of 3he human. family belong, and as to the treatment which should be accorded them. This has been treated incidental ly already, but 1t Is now wise to enter fully into the matter, because 1t is here that most of the practical difficulties in the issue arise. There are six views en- tertained on the matter. some of them perhaps not avowedly, but all having their respective advocates, either openly by expressed sentiments. or practically fin conduct and belief.
 We may denominate these six views as extermination, assimilation, segregation, @erfdom, equality and restricted freedom.
 That any one should contemplate the AnnIhilation of the negro and other low CT races as the best solution of the difi- culties arising from their presence in relation to the white race seems at first prepoSterous, and it might be asserted that this view is not seriously maintained by any one. But have heard this meth- cd advocated emphatically by British and other European army officers, by la- boring men in America and Europe and one prominent American Government of- dcial used this laguage in regard to 1t: 'T believe that the white men ought to nll up the earth, and that they ought to kill off all other races that get in their way" Of course the writer has no sym- pathy with this extreme view at all. It 1s uneconomic, because it neglects the fact of the special adaptabIlity of the negro to tropical climes already set forth an these articles It is impracticable be- cause the execution of 1t would involve the white race in a series of wars of the most tremendous kind for centuries with Q stste of affairs, where the white and black population are numerically equal ho1rible to contemplate. It is barbarous