Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1903-07-13
The Papacy Through the Ages.


are two instances in which brothers
succeeded each other. The first Is
that Of Stephen III, elected in 752.
He reigned five years and was sue
ceeded by his brother, Paul l. The
latter was canonized. The other case
is that of Benedict VIII, elected in
1912 and succeeded u years after by
= his brother, John Xxx, who was pope
for nearly 10 years. Pope Eusebius
had been a physician, and Pope John
Xxx was the author OF medical book
telling the poor how TO treat their
maladies, which was highly priced in
its day and translated into many
languages.
! Benedict III, $50, was the first pope
to assume the title Vicar OF st.
Peter" In the 18th century, however,
this was changed to the present style
Vicar of Christ" The usage OF
kissing the cross on the pope's slipper,
which still obtains, was introduced in
772 by adrian l. The first pope 10
change his name on election was
Sergius II, S44. John has been the
name most frequently adopted. There
have been % Johns, Is Innocents, IA
Benedicts, 10 Gregories, IA Clements,
13 Leos, 8 Pulses, and S Alexanders.
Pope Cletus, the third pope, adopted
the Salutation ever since used:
"Salutem ct Apostolicam Benedic-
tionem"-health and apostolic benedic-
ton.
Valentine was only a deacon when
he was elected in S27. He lived a
month. Celestine ". 1241, who lived
but a few days, was never crowned.
Celestine V, 1894, resigned and be
came a monk. The pOpes who were
not cardinals when elected are
Nicholas II, 1858, Callistus II, 1119;
Urban ", 1861; Celestine V, 1894;
Gallus, 1862; Urban VI, 1878.
Clement V, 1906, was the first pope
! to remove his residence from Rome
to Avignon. The exile lasted 20 years
and for seven popes. The longest in
terregnum between the death of one
pope and the coronation of his sue
cessor was three years, after the
death of Clement " in 1870.
! Pope TeleSphorus, 142, ordained
that Lent should begin on Septua-
gesima Sunday, and Pope Gregory
the Great, 500, introduced the cere-
mony of putting ashes on the head on
Ash Wednesday. Linus, st. Peters
successor, prohibited women from
entering a church with uncovered
heads. Pope Vitalianus, about $50,
introduced organs in churches. He is
said TO have been talented
musician Pope Clement, SO, is be
lieved to be the author of the canon
of the mass. Alexander l, the seventh
pope, prescribed that the epistle and
the gospel should be read in the mass.
Pope Felix / ordained that the mass
should be said over the tombs of the
martyrs and where there we're none,
that relics of the stains should be
placed under the altar stone. Pope
Eutychianus, 275, introduced the Of
fertory at the mass. Plus V directed
that the gospel of ST. John, being a
compendium of the chief mysteries of
the faith, should he recited at the end
/ of the mass. Ten OF the prefaces
were prescribed by Pope Gelasius.
Urban II added those of the Blessed
Virgin. Gregory the Great, introduced
the ''Kyrie' and the Christie Eleison. .
Symmachus, 49S, prescribed that the
Gloria in Excelsis" should be sung at
the masses of Sunday and festivals
only.
! Zephyrinus, 205, ordained that
chalices should be made only OF gold
or silver, and Eusebius, 300, pro
hibited the use of any fabric but
white linen for corporals-the cover
ing of the chalice during mass. Mar
cellus, 3O4, introduced the rites Of
burial with lights and the chanting
of psalms. John xxi, 1916, establish
ed the usage of ringing the "Angelus"
bell Melchiades introduced the
clerical tOnsure, and Pelagius ii, the
65th pope, established the law that all
clerics shall recite the seven canOnical
hours, or "breviary" daily. Gregory
TX prescribed the little bell that rings
at the time of the elevation of the
host at the mass. Vigilius ordered
that the words of the conservation Of
the mass shoulr be said silently.
Gregory NJ, who died in 1873, was
the last French pope. Clement VII
communicated Henry VIII of Eng
land for usurping the title head OF the
church. Alexander vi, the famous
Borgia, whose reputation present-day
historians are rehabilitating, was pope
when Columbus discovered America.
Alexander III abolished tits and
tournaments in Europe. Paul Nv,
1868, instituted the Index of pro-
hibited books" and the tribunal of the
inquisition. His successor, Plus ",
established the Monies Pietatis" or
official pawnshops. BOniface V grant