The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1903-07-14
The Cream of the Bulletins.

North Carolina College of Agriculture
and Mechanic Arts, Agricultural Expert
ment Station. Raleigh, n. G. Bulletin 1888.
insect and Fungus Enemieso of the Apple,
Pear ana Ounce, with Methods of Treat
ment BY +. /. Stevens and Franklin
Sherman.
This is . companion bulletin 10 tlc
bulletin on the cuItiva ton of the apple
and other fruits recently issued by the
North Carolina Experiment Station. ii
treating OF the insect enemies OF the apple
Mr.. Sherman takes UP the ones nfestng
the roots, those attacking the trunk and
branches those ON the leaves ana tender
shoots and those that attack the fruit. The
che insect that mainly attacks the root
Is the woody aphis, small insects covered
with white, woody substance that live on
the roots OF the apple and cause knotty,
| gall-ikc sWellings. Nurserymen should
avoid shipping trees that have these on
! the roots, as they work harm to the
trade. Tho best that can be done is 10
draw away the earth at the root and TO
cover them with tobacco dust. We would
add that if nurserymen were to manure
their apple tree land heavily with 10
! bacco stems there would be little, if any
trouble with the root aphs. Tobacco Is
| the sovereign remedy for all forms Of
plant lice For the roundhCaled apple
tree bOrer 1t IS advised 10 cut them out
/ With q knife every winter. The beetle
can be kept out by surrounding the lower
part Of the stem with wire mosquito net
ting tied closely at the top. This also
protects against rabbits and mice or
keep the base of the trees smeared with
tar during the egg laying season. June
to August The fiat headed borer Is cut
out IN the same way IN winter. The bark
beetle usually attacks neglected trees and
speedily kills them. Badly infested trees
should be burned. and well cultivated and
pIuned trees seldom suffer The scurfy
scale is found the apple and other
trees and can be destroyed by sprayln &
with % per cent kerosene emulsion SIM
ply enough to dampen the bark. The oys-
ter Shell plant louise or scale Is very com
mon i'll the mountains OF North Carolina.
Kerosene emulsion Is advised for these,
but In our experience there Is nothing
equal to good coat of Whitewash on the
trees for any scale. The bulletin also ad-
vises kerosene emulsion for the San Jose
scale The lime, sulphur and salt mix
ture applied hot IN winter Is far better
and safer than kerosene IN any form. For
the tent caterpillar the bulletin very prop
erly advises instead OF burning the nests
after they are made, to spray the trees
with Paris green and prevent the building
of the nests. The green apple apnis is
found plentifully all over the State and
the advice IS given to use kerosene emul-
sion for these The emulsion will be bet
ter if made with a strong decoction of
tobacco In place of pure water. One OF
the chief reasons for spraying orchards
is the destruction Of the codling moth.
For the late broods pieces of burlap or
cid bags should be placed around the trunk
of the tree near the lowest limbs, and a
the worms viii take refuge under the
band they may be collected there This
Is only TO be used an additional rem
edy with spraying. Prof. Stevens take
. up the fungus disease Of these trees: the
most general remedy advised is the regu a.
spraying With Bordeaux mixture. which
; he advises to be made With 5 pounds OF
copper sulphate and ) POUNDS Of lime III