Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1903-12-17

closed Its sessions 10 consider favorably
such a treaty; II shows that the govern
soute control over the situation, but DID
not choose to exercise this control Inc
dispatch further calls on us to restore or
der and secure Colombian supremacy In the
Isthmus from which the Colombian Gov
eminent has Just by Its action decided Y
bar us by preventing the construction OF
the canal.
,on'rol of Great Importance.
The control, In the Interest of the com.
merce and traffic of the whole civlIlzeo.
world, of the means OF undsturbed transt
across the lsthmus of Panama has pec0nf
of transcendent Importance to the unitea
States We have repeatedly exercised TINS
control by intervening In the course OF 90
nestle dissenslon, and by protecting IN, the
territory from foreign Invasion. In 1900
Mr.. Everett assured the Peruvian minister
that we should not hesitate to maintaln
the neutrality OF the lsthmus In the case
of war between Peru and Colombia
1864 Colombia, which has always been ylgt
liant to avail Itself of Its privileges con
ferred by the treaty, expressed Its expec-
tatlon that In the event OF war betwee4
Peru and Spain the United states wouia
carry into effect the guaranty of neutrali.
ty. There have been few administrations
of the State Department In which this
the other, been used as a basis of mors
or less important demands. 1t was sald
by Mr.. Fish in 1871 that the Departments
of State had reason to believe that an az
lsthmus had, on several occasions, Deen
averted by warning from this government.
In 1855. when Colombia was under ths
menace of hostiltles from Italy In the
Cerruti case Mr.. Bayard expressed the Sc.
rious concern that the United States couid
not but feel that European power should
resort to force against sister republic of
this hemisphere "a to the sovereign ana
uninterrupted use of part of whose terri
tory, we are guarantors under the solemn
The above recital of facts establishes
beyond question: First that the United
States has for over half a century pa
tlenty and In good faith carried out Its OBJ
legations under the treaty Of 1915; second,
that when for the first time 1t became pos
slble for Colombia to do anything In re-
qultal OF the services thus repeatedly rem
dered to 1t for ffty-seven years by the
United States, the Colombian Government
peremptorily and extensively refused thus
to do Its part, even though to do so would
have been to Its advantage and immeasur-
ably to the advantage of the state OF Pan
anna at that time under Its JurisdictionI
third, that throughout this period revolu:
lions. riots and fractional disturbances OF
every kind have occurred one after the
other In almost uninterrupted succession,
some OF them lasting for months and even
for years. while the central government
was unable to put them down or to make
peace with the rebels fourth, that these
disturbances Instead Of showing any sign
OF abHting have tended TO grow more nu-
merOus and more serious In the Immediate
past; fifth, that the control Of Colombia
"
maintained without the armed Intervention
and assistance OF the United States. In
other words the Government Of Columbia.
though wholly unable 10 maintain order
on the Isthmus, has nevertheless declined
to ratlfy n treaty the conclusion OF which
opened the only chance to secure It's own
stability and to guarantee permanent peace
on and the construction Of canal across
the Isthmus.
Under such circumstances the Govern
ment OF the United States would have
been guilty Of folly and weakness, amount
ing In their sum to crime against the ma.
tion, had 1t acted otherwise than 1t did
when the revolution OF Nov. last took
place in Panama. This great enterprise
Of building the lnteroceanic canal cannot
be held up to crafty the whims, or out Of
respect to the governmental impotence, OF
to the even more sinister and evil political
peculiarties, of people who though they
dwell afar of. against the wish OF the
actual dweers on the Isthmus, assert mn
unreal supremacy over the territory. The
possession OF territory frauGht with such
tion carries with 1t obligations to man.
Kind. The course Of events has shown that
this canal cannot be built by private enter
PTS mpst b bs b@ b2
United States.
Must Now Deal with Panama.
Every effort has been made by the Gov,
eminent Of the United States to persuade
essentially not only to our interests and to
the world hut to the interests Of Colombia
itself These efforts have failed; and Co
lomhia by her persistence I'm rcpulsing the
advances that have been made, has forced
us, for the sake OF our own honor and OF
the interest and well-belnE, not merely Of
our own people, hut o, the people Of the
Isthmus Of Panama and the people Of the
civilized countries Of the world to take de-
clsive steps to bring to an end n condition
of affairs which had become intolerable.
The new Republic OF Panama Immediate
~ offered to negotiate a treaty with us
This treaty ! herewith submit. BY II our
interests are better safeguarded than In the
treaty with Colombia which was ratified by
the Senate at Its last session. 1t Is better
In Its terms than the treaties offered to US
by the Republics Of Nicaragua and Costa
Rica At last the right to begin this great
undertaking Is made available. Panama has
done her part. All that remains is for the
American Congress to do its part and forth
with this Republic will enter upon the
execution OF a project colossal In Its size
aud of well-nigh incalculable possibilities
for the good OF this country and the ma
BY the provisions OF the treaty the United
States guarantees and will maintain the in
dependence of the Republic OF Panama.
There is granted to the United States In
perpetuity the use, occupation, and control
OF a strip ten miles wide and extending
three nautical miles into the sea at eithes
terminal with all lands lying outside OF
the zone necessary for the construction OF
the canal or for Its auxiliary works, and
with the islands In the Bay of Panama,
The cities of Panama and Colon are not
embraced In the canal zone, but the United
States assumes their sanitation and, in case
OF need, the maintenance Of order thereini
the United States enjoys within the granted
limits all the rights, power, and authority
which II would possess were II the sovereign
| OF the territory to the exclusion OF the eyer
else Of sovereign rights by the Republic. An
railway and canal property rights belonging
| to Panama and needed for the canal paGS
TO the United States, including any property
OF the respective companies In the elites q
| Panama and Colon; the works, propertM
and personnel OF the canal and railway
are exempted from taxation as well in the
cities OF Panama and Colon as in the canal
zone and its dependencies Free immIgra.
tion OF the personnel and importation OF
supplies for the construction and operation
of the canal are granted. Provision Is made
for the use of military force and the buIId.
! ing OF Notifications by the United state.
for the protection OF the transit In other
! details particularly as to the ACQUISITION 81
! the interests Of the New Panama Canal
! Company and the Panama Railway by The
| United States and the condemnation OF nri-
! vate property for the uses of the canal n.
| stipuiatlons Of the Hay-IIerran treaty are
closely followed, while the compensation "a
! he given for these enlarged grants remains
! the same, being ten millions OF dollars nsT
able on exchange Of Publications; and, be-
! ginning nine years from that date. an an.
! mual payment Of $4,000 during the life Of