davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-03-22

Boston, March 21.-The law of break
ages is still unknown and unwritten. This
twentieth century-the age of machinery
Notwithstanding its wonderful struc-
lures, its ingenius inventions, and It's
brilliant mechanical discoveries, still
leaves unanswered the question of how
long a thing will last and at what mo-
ment it Will break-unexpectedly and I'M
der no unusual strain-and our most adj
vaneed mechanical laboratories are still
experimenting with structural materials,
cropping for a satisfactory conclusion
freight car will pound along over a
few hundred thousand miles of rough
road with apparent Indifference; then,
some time when 1t is moving at very
moderate speed mayhap on exceptionally
even rails, one of its hitherto sound steel
axles breaks short off and a disastrous
train wreck is the result. Similarly. a
steamship fights out many a gale, labor
ing against heavy seas with her screw
thrashing out of water. and afterward, in
fine still weather, breaks her propeller
shaft as If it were a pipe stem and be-
comes a helpless hulk upon the ocean.
The Brooklyn Bridge.
A more striking instance is that of the
Brooklyn bridge. which, though UNI
doubtedly built of originally sound ma
terias, began to show signs of weak
ness, even to the breaking of some of its
members. after a certain number of years
during which certain number of cars
and carts had ratified over it. Evidently,
If the laws governing these apparently
causeless breakages could be discovered
and scientists feel confident that laws do
exist that define the endurance of all
structural materials-many lives would
be saved and many tons of useless ma
terial. which are now added to the con-
tractors burden merely to secure ram
dom factor of safety" could be elimin-
ated from construction.
Among the many truth seekers, the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
seems to be in fair way toward know
ing the answer" and like as not will be
upon the matter. BY what has already
been found out in different Investigations
from time to time, all mechanical scien-
lists agree that the metals with which
we build and on which we impose such
heavy strains, have the same disadvan-
tage of gradually firing out and finally
giving away as the perishable muscles and
sinews of our own human bodies Such
is the common hypothesis on which all
the experiments may begin; but as to how
how great burden this gradual firing
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-03-22
HOMELESS HErTY GREEN.
Taxes Have Deprived 1.-THE Richest
Woman" of Shelter.

New York, .aarch 21.-Hetty Green Is
without a home. This is not due to dis
possession nor has Mrs. Green lost her
fortune. She does not want a home be-
cause taxes have to be paid where you
have home.
II am simply rotating between here and
Chicago" Mrs. Green told a reporter yes
terday at the Chemical bank, which for
years has been her business headquarters.
II was proved to be a nonresident Of
New York several years ago, and so, Of
course l don't pay taxes here. have
had friends in this bank for many years,
and they allow me to come here and get
my mail and kilograms"
Mrs. Green's personal abiding place
here has always been transitional.
"Since my husband died." continued the
richest woman in America, Il have had
no special home of my own. My daughter
is in Bellows Falls. Vt, and my son Is in
Texas. My business calls me here and
TO Chicago, so / simply keep going back
and forth. It's none of my business what
other people do about their taxes or
where they live. or what they may do.
l had myself proved a nonresident and
that was ali that concerned me-
1t was suggested that some rich men
in New York had declared themselves
non-residents, but because of their large
realty holdings here had volunteered to
pay taxes on a certain amount of person.
atty. Hetty Green was asked il she APP
proved of this policy.
Just let me tell you" she replied firm
ly, they won't get any of my money in
that way. The others can do 1t all they
want to. pay what have to-"
Niblo has said that he was trying to get
Mrs Green to become a director In his
gold mining concern. Mrs. Green was
asked If she intended to do this.
NO" she answered instantly 81
wouldn't be director in anything. I am
not director In my own railroads"
why not?" was asked. Because I
don't think it's woman's place to be a
director Let the men be the directors"
You think women can own companies
and collect dividends on stock, but that
men should do the directingy'
Yes, that's my idea, was the reply
Mrs Green said she had vast number
of people appealing to her constantly for
advice as to what they should do about
property they owned. She said she near
ly always advised them to form corpora
tions to take care of it, That was the adj
vice she gave Niblo. and that was all the
interest she felt in 1t, she declared.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-03-22

one things that we depend on daily for
our lives.
The case Of the vibrating bridge Is more
complicated. for one cannot count the
tremblings Of a suspended thoroughfare.
Yet there Is a way of getting at bridge
failures too; for It seems, in the light Of
recent experiment, that this WEAKNESS OF
structural materials Is accompanied by
a change in their very fbres themselves,
just as molasses candy after sufficient
stretching and pulling, changes in
character altogether. This being so, a
steel bar can be strained or squeezed in
the powerful testing machines at the in
stitute to any desired extent. and then
cut In sections and examined under the
microscope or watched under the infu-
ence Of acids. The particular state of It's
fibres just before breaking being once
learned, a sample from the tie-rods of a
bridge compared under similar tests will
soon disclose its condition and the stabil-
ity of the whole structure.
Spectacular Effect.
1t is a very slow, tedious series of ex-
periments to watch, and yet there Is the
element of surprise and spectacular eff
feet In 1t, too, even for the uninitiated.
It is an impressive sight to see 5000
pounds brought to bear by slow-mov-
rife Jar as the bar snaps and to watch
from safe distance, the small fragments
fly, as they occasionally do, and bury
themselves in the wall like bullets from
a rife; then to watch the breaking OF a
single horse hair in the same machine
and observe how both breaking strains
the hundreds of thousands OF POUNDS
and the hand pressure-are recorded with
equal accuracy by fine balanced lever
as delicate as an apothecarys scales. IL
ia surprising to discover by sighting
through a pair of telescopes strapped to
three-inch steer bar as it rests In the
"tortion machine" that although the
solid metal is stout enough to drive the
entire printing machinery OF the largest
newspaper 1t will nevertheless twist UNI
der the pressure of your wrist; or, again
to find that set of heavy wooden beams
nearly as thick as ones body, which
have purposely been overweighted fol-
nearly three years in order that their
growing tired might be watched, are
despite the strain on them. as sensitive
to the weather as barometer and are
never the same shape for two consecu-
tive days.
A person Interested in this sort of ex.
periments finally comes to regard the i'm
passive elements with which we build
as having life and feeling and the dell
cacy of human nerves. But this side Of
1t is apart from the final object OF the
tedious tests. The one real object is tc
discover the law of breakages and write
It down clear and plain, so that our ex'
istence In this whir of twentieth century
| machinery may be safer and easier.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-03-22

heavy fine, and that bachelors are organ
izing to defeas the measure
Much might be said upon both sides OF
the case. Undoubtedly the confirmed old
bachelor does not contribute all he should
to social prosperity. and does not keep up
as he should with the social procession,
He may be an incubus and an incum-
brance But shalls a bachelor be driven
into matrimony by main force and the
spinster be allowed to go free and even
clamor for the taxing of the bachelor
AS the cost of living has greatly increased
it is not remarkable that the number OF
eligible candidates for matrimony de-
creases. Marrying men are getting
scarce. but If they so easily evade their
matrimonial duties is 1t not clear that
the duties are not laid before them with
all the responsiveness of loves eloquence
which few men can resist In a WORD,
are the spinsters doing their duty ?Are
they not encouraging bachelors to live
unto themselves? If so. ought they not
be taxed also? If they enjoy ceibacy
why should not the bachelor be allowed
to enjoy it also?
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-03-22
High Crown Hats In Embryo.

Paris Correspondent of the Millinery
Trade Review.
Here and there one comes across
high-crowned hat and according to some
authorities, high crowns are destined to
be held very fashionable later on. In the
meanwhile. for one hat made with a
high crown, thousands have either quite
low crowns or are of plateau form. So
far l have been able to ascertain. few
American buyers ventured upon high
crown shapes, and for the present 1
think they need not occupy us much. par
ticuarly as the few models of this sort
shown do not exhibit any very novel
features and are hardly more than re-
pliqua, in different materials of some
shapes launched early last autumn when
they met with little success. However,
1t is my pleasant duty to note everything
that appears, and to keep you posted as
to the sayings and doings of the trade
here.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-03-22
Taxing Bachelors.

From the Chicago Tribune.
Every now and then the old cry, tax
the bachelors" Is revived. Several Euro
peans writers are advocating it as a
sound principle of social science. In sew
eral legislatures In the country bills have
been introduced for this purpose. the lat
est being in New York, where. however,
II is fair TO say, the author of the bin
proposes that both male and female I'M
married persons shall be taxed. Several
of the women reformers also some OF
them spinsters of more or less advanced
age, have been recommending the same
treatment of bachelors without realizing
to what extent they themselves are re-
sponsible for the existence of bachelors.
Add to all this thu recent strenuous ut
terances of President Roosevelt and the
jeremiads Of DR.. Schrady and President
Eliot, and it is evident that there is trou-
BILE in store for the bachelors.
1t is not surprising that the efforts to
drive bachelors into marriage have
aroused feelings Of resentment and a
stronger determination than ever to rally
around their single statehood and defend
their latch-key privileges. 1t is said the
clubs in New York are In something like
a panic over the bill. which imposes a
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-03-22
Just Like an Engllshman.

From Judge.
Napoleon had completed his fourth year
at st. Helena.
.'At least sire" observed a consohng
courtier, they are not holding you for
your trunk
for my grip"
Perceiving his British attendants fall
ed to laugh, he hereupon complained Of
the barbarity of the English nation.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1903-03-22
CHARLES M. scHWAs
Says He Never Felt Better in His Life
and Won't Resign.

New York, March 21.-Charles NJ.
Schwab, who returned to New York on
the course of an Interview that he never
had felt so well in his life or been so glad
to get back to work. He declared he had
no intention of resgning the presidency
Of the steel combination adding:
but, of course, | don't own the United
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-08-13

little wonder that grief and anger
prompted the paterfamilias to deal Jo-
seph a return blow in order that he
might reclaim those who were his COM
fort and his joy.
But what the public will marvel over
most is Josepfl's temerity. To fancy
that he could manage an elopement of
nineteen was to place very high value
on his own powers. There are tasks
that even Cupid cannot encompass,
and an elopement that includes seven
teen children is surely one Of them.
Doubtless Josepf's punishment will not
consist solely in his incarceration in a
county Jail. For while it is probable
that the seventeen enjoyed the elope-
ment and while it is also probable that
the tickle spouse surrounded by her
little brood experienced no discomforts
in the runaway expedition, it is not
probable that Joseph enjoyed himself.
Travelling with one infant is no joke.
TRAVELLING with seventeen irrepressibles
was surely torture, the thought OF
which must compensate the father OF
the seventeen for the anguish of mind
he suffered
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-08-13
THE CONFIDENCE OF JOSEPH.

Time was when to elope with a wom-
an was considered a hazardous under
taking. The swiftest of post chaises,
the most devoted of postillions, the
most carefully laid plans did not al
ways insure success in earlier days;
and the little god who laughs at lock-
smiths frequently had occasion to weep
over plans upset by the inopportune
appearance of pursuing husband or
father. Even in this age of autos, two
and chauffeur do not always make the
odds in an clipping match even. But
out of the East comes one Joseph
Bauer, widower and lonely, to attempt
the unusual feat of clipping not only
with another mans wife but with the
other mans seventeen children as we'll
There is luck in odd numbers, it is said,
but the seventeen children brought no
luck to Joseph. On the contrary! Try
ing to house the seventeen in a three
room cottage, Joseph was confronted
by the minions of the law; and the
clipping wife, the lonely widower ana
the seventeen offspring were lodged in
jail.
Joseph deserves and will get little
sympathy. To rob a man of his wife is
an offense; to rob him of his family is
crime Had Joseph been content with
the tickle spouse. it is probable that he
would not now be reposing in a county
Jail. But he carried off the seventeen
olive branches; and in these times
when 1.-THE more the merrier'' is the
Rooseveltian phrase on every loyal cit
liens lips, the public will not be dis
posed to condone so grave an offense.
The proud father surrounded by the
seventeen was a spectacle to delight
the eye of the nation. Deprived of the
entire seventeen at one fell stroke, it is
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-08-13
STEAMSHIP AGREEMENTS GO.
British House of Commons Approves
the Governments Work.

LONDON, Aug. I'm the house of
commons this evening Gerald Balfour
president of the Board of Trade, moved
that the house approve the govern
ment's agreements with the Cunard
Steamship company and the Internal
tional Mercantile Marine company, pro-
viding for the use of the British steam
ships in carrying the mails and as
auxiliary cruisers, under certain con-
ditions.
Mr.. Robertson entered an objection
and moved an amendment that the
house regrets the arrangements with
the Cunard company without first as
certaining the terms on which the gov
ernments requirements might be met
by other companies
Sir Charles Dixie seconded Mr.. Rob-
ertson's motion. His only objection to
the agreement with the Morgan COM
bination, he said, was that it was a
bargain by the British government
with foreigners. The combine. if ever
it had an element of danger. was now
reduced to utter helplessness by the
agreement.
Mr.. Robertson's amendment was de-
feated by vote of 70 to $50, and the
agreements were approved
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-08-13
PERSONAL MENTION.

Former Lieut.. Gov. Lyndon A.
Smith, of Montevideo, is at the Wind
sor.
Representative John Olson, of North
Branch, was in st. Paul yesterday. Mr..
olson has entirely recovered from the
severe illness which inca pacitated him
during the major portion of the last
legislative session.
Jesse Palmer, one of the pioneer set
tiers OF New Ulm and a prominent
Brown county politician, was in ST.
Paul yesterday. Mr.. Brown is return
ing from WOODBURY., Or, where he was
called by the death of his son. William
Palmer.
Ryan: Nate Hecht Seattle; Mrs. J. NJ.
Patterson. Spokane; Edwin Adams. DR..
Pierce and sister, Moorhead; E. a. An
Watson, Duluth: II. S. Gable, Cedar
Rapids; George Smith and wife Duluth.
Merchants: s. N. Dickinson. Superior;
James McCahiIl, Duluth; L: E. Dawson,
Perham; p A. Bryant, Chippewa Falls
a. L. Leen and wife. Hillsboro. N. D.;
Nels Thompson and wife. La Crosse; John
Cooper, e. P. Smith, ST Cloud; e. S.
s9on M Mnnpeg eo SesepR
ominee; w. A. Jack. Grand Rapids: N.
J. Finch and wife, Austin; J. l.. Oisun.
North North Branch; George W. Hoffman
J. c. Spencer and wife Roseai. o.
Windsor: G. A. Giroy G. H. McCan-
Clifton. Yankton; j. A. Pritzhan. SIOUX
Falls; ]. B. Toale and wife. Willmar;
Robert III. Ripe, Mrs. H. Ripe. Fair
mont; H.. w: Bassett, Browns Valley;
Young. Tracy; Mrs. M. Asher, st. Cloud !;
Mr.. and Mrs. H. A. Earning. Redwood
Falls; Alfred Earning, New Richmond; A
NJ Anderson, st. Peter: M. w. Frank. lie
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-08-13
HE EXPLORED AMERICA.
German Contrasts Industries of This
Country and His Own.


BERLIN, Aug. 12.-Privy Councillor
Luig, president of the Dusseldorf ex-
position of Rhenish Westphalian in
dustries, held in 1902, who recently
toured the United States, today made
an address to an assembly represent
ing trade organizations of Dusseldorf
He recommended young German en-
gineers to visit the United States be-
cause something could be learned there
wherever one looked Herr Luig con-
GUIDED
Il readily admit that the excellent
arrangements in the factories Impress
ed me everywhere, but the goods pro-
duced are by no means better than
ours. German manufacturers can well
stand comparison with American, and
[ think we need not take too tragically
the American danger of which all the
world is talking. OF course we should
not delay in improving our methods of
production in the light of observations
made in the United States and every
German engineer should contribute his
utmost to that end. This, in my Opin
ion, will not be difficult, for the con-
ditions of production with us are by no
means unfaVorable.
"The labor factor is decided better
than in the United States and our ma
chine tools are at least equal to those
of our rivals. l believe that the cost
of production in America, except where
goods are manufactured en- masse, are
nearly as high as ours, if not higher.
The American works producing pig
iron and steel have the advantage Of
cheap freights, without mentioning the
rich natural resources. The cheap
freights are due to the intelligent CO.
operation of the railways and the lines
in which Germany can gain infinite
knowledge from the United States"
Commercial Councillor Rocker, who
accompanied Baron Rheinbaben to the
United States, also addressed the as
semblage.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-08-13
Contemporary Comment
What tbs New Wheat Means.

Interest isfncreasing in the lnvesuo Jul
cations that are being mace lnlo tns
adaptability of the lands OF the onl.ea
States for growing macarom Wnea1
and this interest is somewhat sum-
lated by the following account given
by the Northwestern Miller:
1T is estimated that there are now
100000 square miles of land in the
United States on which nothing is
grown. Mr.. Edgar believes that maca,
roni wheat which fiourlshes IN arlo
regions with only nine or ten inches OF
annual rainfall, can be raised with
profit upon every acre of this area. II
we figure the arid territory at 100000
square miles, or 12S,00O,O0O acres. and
put the average yield at no more than
twenty bushels to the acre. we have an
almost incomprehensible addition to
the worlds wheat crop-some 2,50O,-
100000 bushels. Bringing it down to
only 10000 square miles of new land
added to wheat culture by the intro
duction of macaroni ,wheat-to say
nothing of what might be raised in
Canada-the wheat crop in this coun-
try would be increased from 100000
900 bushels to more than 1,2O0,000.00O
bushels.-Seattle Times.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-08-13
Looking for Low Through Rate.

The lumbermen of the Pacific coast
are coming half way to meet Mr.. Hills
plan for low rate that will enable
them to sell their product east of the
Missouri, and perhaps even east of
the Mississippi river. The union of
the Burlington with the Northern
Pacific and Great Northern railroads
opens an enormous field of treeless
country, reaching from Kansas to
Dakota and.from. Illinois to Montana
to the lumber coast. The Burlington
in particular, with it's network of lit
tie feeders, penetrates to almost every
part of a great consuming country
now supplied either from the great
lakes or from the Gulf states. The
coast lumbermen are asking for a rate
of 40 cents a Hundred on which
they say they can ship $4,000 carloads
annually Perhaps this movement has
some connection with the talk of the
milling in transport rate on North
western wheat to Asia. Mr.. Hill is
always looking out for full cars both
ways.--Minneapo polls Tribune.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-08-13
TODAY'S WEATHER.

Minnesota-Fair Thursday; warmer in
west and southern portions; Friday fair in
east. showers and cooler in west portion
fresh southeast winds.
South Dakota-Fair, warmer in eastern
showers in western portion Thursday; Fri
day fair, warmer
North Daketa-Fair. warmer Thursday;
Friday showers and cooler.
Montana-Fair Thursday, warmer in
southeastern portion; Friday showers and
cooler in north and west; fair in south
eastern portion.
Iowa-Showers. Thursday; warmer in
west portion; Friday fair warmer
Upper Michigan-Fair Thursday warm
er in west portion; Friday fair; fresh east
to southeast winds.
Wisconsin-Fair Thursday. warmer in
western portion; Friday fair, fresh south
east winds
st. Paul-Yesterday's temperatures.
taken by the United States weather bu-
reau, ST. Paul. w. E. Oliver. observer for
the twenty-four hours ended a o'clock
last night-Barometer corrected for tenn
perature and elevation. Highest tempera-
ture So; lowest temperature. So; average
temperature, so; daily range II; barom-
eter, 80. u; humidity, 81; precipitation
%; Z D. IN. temperature, 81; o. m. wind.
east; weather, clear.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1903-08-13
To Cry Lynch Is a Crime.

Indictment to murder is crime. pun
ishable with a heavy penalty. accord
ing to statute law. Lynching is muir
der, according to justice of the su-
preme court of the United States.
Therefore, Indictment to lynching is in
element to murder. To raise in an
excited mob the hortatory cry of
Lynch him!" is an Indictment to
lynching. Therefore, it is an incite-
ment to murder Therefore, it is a
crime, punishable with heavy penalty.
That cry is raised too often in the
streets of New York and elsewhere. If
raised only once it would be raised too
often, but it is raised many times in
the course of a year, sometimes on
trivial provoeation. 1t is idle to say it
is harmless, for there have been lynch
ings in the streets of New York and in
every mob there are sure to be some
feather headed fools whom such cry
may easily ihcite to murderous actiy-
ity. Moreover, Indictment to murder
is a crime, moi matter whether it is
successful orr not. We think it would
have decidedly salutary effect to ar
rest and punish as a felon every per-
son, man or woman, who publicly cries
Lynch himi"-New York Tribune.