davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-09-19

search for month and not find two
fingers Of whisky. Public opinion forbids.
These people do not believe In drink, 1t
was one Of the principles with which they
started out and on which they founded
their colony. The feeling has been kept
alive, and it is more effective than laws,
pledges or cures. A number of years ago
a man came to Greeley and conceived the
notion that he might set UP a quiet little
gin mill on the outskirts of the town.
In the second week of his career he was
visited In the night by Greeley's most
prominent citizens and was allowed to
leave town with whole hide only on con-
dition that he should never return. His
stock of liquors was dumped into the road
and his shanty was burned to the ground.
That was the first and last saloon in
Greeley.
Genuine "Rocky Fords" Scarce.
About one in ten of the melons sold as
Rocky Ford" are the genuine article.
Not only is this shown by the number
of melons shipped and the destinations
to which they go, but the price for which
they sell. Unless a person eating the
melon is giving up about SO or rs cents.
the chances are that the melon does not
come from this part of the country. So
sweet and fine are the genuine article
that they command the very top-notch
prices, and are all contracted for months
ahead by big hotels. syndicates and res
taurateurs, who specialize for the epi-
curean trade AS Is we'll known the COM
mon practice of the green grocer is to
sell melons under this name, explaining, If
questioned, that they are from the Rocky
Ford seed.'' This may be true, but it
does not necessarily follow that the seed
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-09-19

conflict between these two beliefs that is
involved in the suit now in the supreme
court, brought by Kansas against Colo,
RADIO. 1t is thus a conflict between ripa-
rlan doctrines as developed In England,
and the diversion doctrine as developed in
an arid country. The contentionspf Kan
sas is that the whole flow Of the. Kan
sas river should be permitted to pass
down the stream without diversion into
bitches and suit Is brought In the SUI
preme court by Kansas because the river
flows from Colorad do unto Kansas. and be-
cause Kansas asserts that the river Is
made dry by the diversion OF water in
Colorado. The character OF our western
streams is very different from eastern
steams After leaving the mountains,
streams like the Platte and the Arkansas
have no living tributary for hundreds of
miles; hence, normally, they become
smaller for a considerable distance in
stead of larger. They sink into sand and
evaporate, and for long periods of time
their beds are beds of flying sand and
have been so from the time of earliest
explorers, who often found it necessary
to dig in the beds for water for their an
inlals. In the case of the Rio Grande, in
a distance of IT'S miles, one-third of all
the water disappears. Hence, dry streams
were found long before irrigation was
practiced In Colorado. In fact, irrigation
brings In a compensation by making the
streams steadier. OF the water which is
to the river, but some months after its ap-
plication. This becomes important in
amount. In the case of the Platte river
the return water from the mountains to
the state line amounts to about 1000 cubic
feet per second, and a proportionate
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-09-19

annunl The system becomes extremely
complicated in detail, and yet simple in
its operation. The law does not recognize
absolute ownership in running water. only
5thsTight TO use; hence, while there
rights sdeereed to bitches, specifying the
amount, this right is always subject to the
provision that the water is needed for use.
II the need is not as great as the decree,
then the ditch is entitled to CORE
spendingly less amount.
Enterprises have been constructed by
the farmers by which water is brought
across the tops of mountains from the
Pacific slope to the Atlantic. Tunnels
have been built, canals at elevations where
they are blocked by snow until July, and
still more extensive ones are contem-
plated. Their daring is even considering
q tunnel eleven miles long for such
purpose.
Irrigation enterprises are not taxed by
the state. The cost Of these enterprises
increases the value of the land by cor
responding amount, and thus the state
revenues are indirectly increased
THE methods and laws relating to irri-
cation are under constant developm emit.
AS the whole system has grown to meet
the conditions, so each change in condi-
ton caused by new crops, by subdivision
of land, by greater population, requires
some adaptation, and thus. the laws and
customs are in the rapid and constant
state of evolution. To some extent each
portion Of the state and of the west is
following its own course of development,
and this is bound to be the case in the
has to come intimately in contact with
local problems. and for successful man
agement this must always be So
w w Jermane,
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-09-19

of green sugar-beet leaves and the wide
stretches of potatoes, alfalfa and thickly
stacked wheat, he might well point with
pride to these testimonials to his prophetic
insight.
The way potatoes grow at Greeley is
a marvel The potato bug, which Is pest
elsewhere is practically unknown here
There is no necessity for paris green labo-
riously sifted on the perforated leaves.
Each plant grows full and strong, and
under it Is a great heap Of large, fat
tubers. At the beginning Of the drive
the host pointed out a farm which the
proprietor had bought the year before for
$4,000. Just one year after his purchase
he sold the potatoes he had raised on the
land for $4,000. A short distance fur
Their on, a large acreage OF sugar beets
was indicated; the owner, 1t was explained
started fifteen years ago with nothing,
but this fall would sell the beets for $4,000.
Of this sum half would be profit.
These Greeley farmers are an enterpris-
ing community. For example, they have
figured out that large amount Of money,
or it's equivalent in time and labor are
expended in hauling the beets from the
farms to the factory; so this fall they
have got together to build a communistic
railway to run in belt line all about
the town, gathering up the beets almost
at the fields. There are five beet sugar
factories In the county, and they pay
the farmer $3.50 a ton for his beets. On
an ordinary irrigated farm the yield will
return $3.50 to the acre.
No Booze In Greeley.
This community Is one place where pro-
hibition prohibits. Alcoholic drink is not
to be found anywhere in the town or
county A Pinkerton detective might
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-09-19
| by a chorus There will be solo, duet and
quartet numbers. Miss Elsie Ireland is
the organist.

by a chorus. There will be solo, duet and
quartet numbers. Miss Elsie Ireland is
the Organist.
Arthur Pyne, the new organist of st.
Paul's Episcopal church, will enter on his
duties Tomorrow. Mr.. Pyne comes from
.Winona after five years successful work.
Before that he was in Trinity church,
Columbus. Ohio, and Kalamazoo, Mich.
Since the resignation of Professor A. A.
Ranken, who for two years and a half
performed most excellent service at st.
Paul's the rector, Rev. Theodore Payne
Thurston, and the music committee have
been on the lookout for the best man
available to carry on the important work
of this growing uptown church. Mr..
Pyne's early training in Trinity church.
New York city, and his later success In
the choirs under his care, make him emf
nently fitted for this work.
Master Ewdin Turnquist will sing the
onertory, Come Unto Him, by Dancey,
at the evening service In Holy Trinity
church Tomorrow.
Frederick Luehre is preparing Camilla.
;urso's biography. It should make inter-
esting reading, as the great violinist had
some wonderful experiences. Mr.. Luehre
desires to be brought into corresponden
with the friends of Camilla Urso who
have letters or copies of authoritative
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-09-19

amount on other streams. The effect Of
this is to maintain the flow of streams
during the winter, and to give an addi-
tlonal supply of water for irrigation, or for
other purposes. In western Kansas there
is considerable area under irrigation and
they derive their supply of water almost
entirely from this source
What the State Does.
"On the part of the state, the expense
OF administration amounts to about $780,
oc0 year. This is in addition to the
water commissioners, who, while strictly
state officers, are paid by the counties.
There are sixty-nine of these, who re-
quire on an average two deputies during
the irrigation season. The expense Of
these men Is probably nearly $4,000 a
year. Each ditch also requires a super
vision of distribution. The state control
ceases at the head gate. With the small
bitches, having two or three users the
supervision is generally made by mutual
agreement. On larger ditch. some ons
is appointed as suerintendent and he
raises and lowers the gate Of each lateral,
giving to each man the water to which
he is entitled or which he needs On most
Of the large bitches a number of men
are required, usually one man at the head
gate and one to five controlmen, or ditch
riders. Many times the gates are locked
and are manipulated entirely by the con-
trolmen. The cost of this supervision and
for the current repairs is divided proper
tionately among the consumers usually
on the basis of the number of shares
owned by the individual, and this again
is proportionate to the number of acres
irrigated, On the average this assessment
ranges from so cents to 81 an acre per
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-09-19

any material increase in the irrigated
area.
A Cosmopolitan, Enterprsng Population.
"The people of Colorado and the arid
west have come from. all parts Of the
country, south as well as north from the
middle west and the, extreme east 1t
thus makes cosmopolitan population,
where. the customs Of all communities
blend. into a new combination. The peo-
pie who have come, have had to have en-
terprise, and as a rule have been young
people. many following the =. advice of
Horace Greeley, to ggsowest and grow up
portion Of ,college-bred men and women.
All the eastern Institutions are repre-
sented, Yale perhaps better than any ex-.
IRENE eastern institution. Michigan uni
vers1ty has a bigger representation than
/ any other. The wives thru the state are
very largely college women. 1t has been
necessary for the school boards to import
teachers from the east and usually within
year or SO they have resigned to cast
their fortunes with some Of the young
men of the state. : The conditions thus
have made the population energetic and
enterprising, and this is nowhere more
evident than in the farming sections. In
stead Of the isolation Of most agricultural
communities, irrigation necessitates that
farmers shall work together. They must
join in the building of bitches and reser-
votrs. They manage these as corporate
enterprises. often costing several hundred
thousand dollars. They must meet at
their annual meetings, and as directors Of
these enterprises, they acquire habits of
business and the management of large ats
fairs. This training makes them ready to
take hold Of large enterprises and float
large projects that ordinarily require
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-09-19
MUSIC

ION Sept. %, 1895, the Apollo club met
and organized with General c. McC. Reeve
as president. OF the thirty five members
who constituted the club then, twenty
two are still in the ranks. Next Wednes-
day evening the active members will cele-
brate the ninth birthday of the club in
the clubrooms on the fourth floor Of the
Lyceum theater building. All the former
members who have retired from active
service and are honorary members are to
be the invited guests. A musical pro-
gram will be followed with a supper.
Extensive preparations are in progress
for the jollification altho the function is
intended to be very informal.
The chorus choir of Holy Rosary parish
was reorganized Monday evening and
gives promise of doing some good work
this winter. About twenty-five singers
we're present for the first rehearsal. Cur
tia Somers has been engaged as organ
list and choirmaster for the coming season.
Mr.. Somers Is favorably known in the
city as one of the younger generation of
musicians. He has had experience here
and in the east as a church musician,
and hopes to be able to bring the chorus
at Holy Rosary to high state of eff
ficiency. Van Bree's Mass Nomler will
be sung Sunday morning and Mr.. Coffey
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-09-19

by irrigation. There was no great increase
in irrigation for the next ten years, The
general opinion was that the country
where irrigation was necessary was a
country to be avoided. The people were
poor and the bitches were small. This
was the period of individual enterprise.
and the bitches were taken entirely from
the small streams with rapid fall Hor"
ace Greeley had insisted on the possibili-
ties of, the uplands, but general opinion
In the west had placed this in the line
OF book Afarming and cranky notions. It.,
however, did finally lead to the develop
ment of several cooperative communities,
in 1870, among which the most successful
has been Greeley. This enterprise was
one of the first to use large bitches. and it
removed finally the doubt as to the value
of the uplands. Much of the development,
not only in Colorado but thru all the other
western states, can be traced to the in
f1uence Of Greeley, and to the distribution
of men who We're trained in Greeley and
the Cache la Pourde valley. For the next
ten years development was moderate and
was largely a development In confidence
In the possibilities of irrigation. In the
eighties came the period of the construc-
ton of large canals, some extending from
40 to 100 miles in length. These were
built in advance of settlement, as pio-
-neers, with the expectation of selling the
land to settlers. The period since has
been largely one of settlement, the divid-
ing up Of farms into smaller holdings, and
the increase of production without ma
terial Increase in irrigated area.
Cooperative Enterprises.
Economic conditions have considerable
to do with the character of the develop
ment. The fall in the price of wheat made
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-09-19

from here. grown in other parts Of the
country. will yield identical results. The
sweetness of the melon is produced, as
in the sugar beet, by the sun. Plenty of
sun, withsunfailing water, is the secret Of
the successful cantaloup.
The irrigated farms Of Greeley are sell
dom more than eighty acres in size. OF
course, there has been speculation in
these lands as in others, and Governor
convert to irrigation, holds 5000 acres;
this being the largest single holding.
+ The Labor Problem Solved.
The labor problem has been solved by
the Greeley people by the importation Of
the Russian Immigrants who had come as
far as the prairies of aKnsas. The Greedy
farmer is rich and can pay wages which
tempt the new settler to move on far
ther westanFor the lighter work of weed
ing and picking cucunlbers, women and
children are employed, and the Russians
prove very valuable in this line, having
been used to much harder work in the
fields Of the native country.
These immigrants are thrifty and are
fast reaching the point where they can
buy land and work it for themselves.
Greeley is a purely agricultural commun-
ity. The only manufacturing plant it
has is the beet sugar factory. All the
other industry is merely that which is
incidental. to raising and marketing the
farm products. .ts si,s
There has been but one year In the
thirty Of its existence. when the farmers
failed TO get a profit-giving price for their
chief staple. potatoes. That was nearly
fifteen years ago, and potatoes We're 80
cents abushel. Now the farmers are
| talking Of erecting starch factory to
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-09-19
make use of their surplus, and to pro-
vide against the remote contingency Of
another year of over supply.

make use of their surplus, and to pro-
vide against the remote contingency Of
another year of over supply.
colorado's Irrigation System.
The irrigation system of Colorado makes
an interesting study. 1t is SO unlike that
which controls agriculture anywhere else
in the United States. Irrigation In the
arid west promises to bring that section
in active competition with the middle west
and the east on all agricultural products
before many years, In fact, that COMPETE
ton has already begun, and is being felt
In the great farming states of the middle
west. On the train with the Washington
between Denver and
Greeley and Cheyenne, rode Professor l..
G. Carpenter, state engineer of Colorado,
and In that capacity the head of the irri-
cation system, SO far as the enforcement
of the complex statutes are concerned. He
Is one Of the leading experts in his line,
and SO asked him to tell the readers of
T he Journal something about irriga-
ton In Colorado. Professor Carpenter has
He was born In Michigan. educated there.
and for several years held a professorship
in the state agricultural school, at Lam.
sing. His brother was recently a member
OF the Michigan supreme court. He said:
The First Irrigation.
"The first irrigation in the state dates
from the first settlement. There was pre-
historic irrigation by cliff jewellers in
southwestern Colorado, and some irriga-
ton by the early Mexicans. In fact, the
conditions are such that any people Iv-
ing here must irrgate AS the settler
came in 1859, some who We're unsuccess-
full In gold mining. raised hay and pota-
toes for the market. This had to be done
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-09-19
1t necessary to secure a more paying agri-
culture. and this gaNa the. irnnlllse To the

1t necessary to secure a more paying agri-
culture and this gave the impulse to the
storage OF water for late irrigation. BY
this means potatoes and crops more
profitapie than wheat could be raised. The
first large reservoir was built In 1883. This
was cooperative enterprise, by the
farmers Of Greeley, and was built at a cost
Of $4,000 It was SO successful, paying
for itself In one year. that many reser-
volrs have since been built Within ten
miles OF Fort Collins the. Investments
made by the farmers in storage reservoirs
alone amount to about $2.000.000 Stor-
age has thus permitted a growth of
much larger crops and much more profit
able ones. g
There has been a great increase in
population, because with the possibility
OF late crops has come an increase In in
tensive farming. Instead of alfalfa and
wheat which would require one family
to 80 or 100 acres, are now sugar beets,
potatoes and small fruits, requiring one
family TO twenty acres or less. The
tendency Is a marked one, and the subdi-
vision OF holdings and the thickening of
population will continue for years to come.
There is a corresponding increase in the
value OF water. Its the water that gives
the value to the farm, rather than the
land. The land, with water rights, Is now
worth from $50 to $500 an acre. The pre-
vailing prices for agricultural lands are
from $50 to 500 and as compared with
the returns the prices are low.
1.-THE total irrigated area in Colorado is
about $4,000 acres. The land situated
beneath some existing canal, Is about
1900, 900 acres. The development for some
years to come is likely to be In the way
Of increasing the production from the land
at present under irrigation rather than by
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-09-19

will sing Nevin's cave Maria'' as an Of
fertory. A special vesper service is in
preparation for the first Sunday in Octo-
ber.
There are still few vacancies for good
voices in all parts in the choir at St.
Marks pro- cathedral. The choir is en-
tirely voluntary, but much care ana at
tention Is given by the organist and choir
master, G. H. Normington, to the train
Ing of the voices In the best cathedral
church music. Full rehearsals are held
every Wednesday and Friday evenings
from Z to 8 o'clock. The soprano and alto
boys meet for rehearsals on Monday af-
ternoon from 4 to 5:15 and on Saturday
morning from 9 to 1915 o'clock
+. A special musical program will be given
In Park avenue Congregational church
Tomorrow evening. Miss Brown will sing
a solo, and God Shall Wipe Away Ali
Tears. by Sullivan; Miss Claire Harring-
ton VIII play violin number and an oblf-
cato for a solo by Mr.. Engstrom. Mrs.
Alice Adrien Pratt and Mr.. Engstron1 will
also be heard in duet
A musical program will be given. to-
morrow evening in the Portland Avenue
Church Of Christ. The quartet consisting
aof Misses Ackley and Brooks, Messrs.
Lichliter and Valentine will be assisted
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-09-19

fnanciers Of recognized position to man
age. For Instance, a reservoir costing
$3.50, 600 was planned near Greeley and Fort
Collins two years since, the stock was
thrown open to subscription, and $45, 900
In cash was subscribed and paid within
three hours. The ditch meeting takes the
place Of the town meeting of the New
England states as an educator. It is SO
in a much higher degree because the in
in water, questions than in the ordinary
questions OF government Such training
leads to cooperation In other lines than
irrigation. Thus for long time the
farmers Of Greeley have marketed their
potatoes thru a committee representing
the whole community Those of Long
mont have similarly managed the wheat
crop. and secured much better prices.
The farmers of the Arkansas valley for a
length of about 200 miles have joined in
a cantaloupe association which controls
the marketing Of the product Of that whole
valley,
New Laws Developed.
THE development of irrigation brought
in a new set of questions entirely unfa-
miliar to eastern people. Under such
conditions as are found in an arid region,
life Is almost impossible unless water is
taken from the streams for irrigation. In
the humid countries customs have de-
veloped which have resulted in the
riparian doctrine, which require that water
shall be kept In the streams and not be
taken therefrom. This doctrine is abso-
lutely impossible in the arid country. The
right to divert water has been recog-
nized in all civilizations, from the
Egyptian and Roman, and any other
where irrigation Is necessary. Conse-
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1903-09-19

a. ~ Z 4
two tablespoonsful of lemon junce and
four tablespoonful Of glycerin. Apply
freely to the face on retiring for the
night and the next morning the color
will be found to have departed, or nearly
so. A repetition of the treatment will
generally remove the last traces of the
affliction.
IA severe headache says city ply,
sician can often be relieved by taking
the juice Of half a lemon in an equal
quantity Of hot water. Where the head
ache is caused by nervous exhaustion
this simple domestic remedy would be
impotent, but whenever the stomach Is
disordered it will correct the discomfort
and dispel the nausea which so often ac-
companies stomach headache"
The trolley car" said prominent
oculist the other day, rs the cause Of
more. distressing and serious eye
troubles than all the other so-called
abuses Of our over civilization, 1t Is true
that we will misuse our eyes in many
ways, but the worst abuse OF them is
reading In trolley cars.
In the steam railroad trains the mo-
ton is entirely different from that of the
electrically propelled vehicle. There are
few jerks and false starts and the vibra-
ton, owing to the weight of the cars, the
solidity of the road beds, and the steady