The Birmingham age-herald., 1903-04-21
Physician Discusses Insanity in
 Scientific Manner
THE STATE IN REBUTTAL
Third Day of the Case Passes and ln- terest In It Contnues-officer Nix Recalled By Defense-Aus-
 tin Takes the stand.

The most important testimony adduced in the trial of Hollis B. Parrish, charged with the murder of George S. Leonard on Twentieth street. while the two men were on the rear end of an electric car. was heard yesterday afternoon at o'clock when an expert witness, Dr. B. L. Wy man, was put on the stand as rebuttal witness.
 When court convened yesterday morn ing at s:so o'clock the defense introduced more witnesses and their testimony occu- pied the time until the noon recess.
 At o'clock in the afternoon witnesses for the state were again put on the stand this time in rebuttal of evidence brought out by the defense.
 P. c. Bowman questioned the witnesses for the defense. For the state the ques- tioning of witnesses was done by both Solicitor H. P. Hefin and Circuit Court Solicitor Charley Ferguson.
 Parrish as usual, occupied chair near his attorneys. His father brothers and  two preceding days of the trial.
 Sanity or Insanity.
 As on Saturday, all of the testimony yesterday was in reference to the sanity or insanity of the defendant. The defen- dant's father and brothers testified at the morning session to the effect that in their opinion the defendant was of unsound mind, their judgment being based on knowledge of his actions and converse tion.
 At 5 o'clock yesterday afternoon the court took recess until 9:S0 o'clock this morning, when the hearing will be re- sumed. The state will present six more witnesses in rebuttal, and then the argu- ments of the attorneys will begin. There seems to be but little doubt that the arr guments will be lengthy. It will probably be tomorrow morning before the argu- ment commences.
 It was over Dr. Wyman's testimony that the hardest fight of the attorneys was made. Frequent objections were present. ed to questions and every inch of legal ground was contested.
 The testimony of Policeman Nix, at the morning session, was also interesting, as he said Leonard was the aggressor when the killing occurred. He was placed on the stand this time by the defense.
 Chief of Police Austin was also put on the stand yesterday and testified as to the conversation that took place between Parrish and himself. He did not think at the time that Parrish was of unsound mind, but knew he was somewhat under the influence of intoxicants
 The testimony of Dr. Wyman was as follows-examination by Mr. Ferguson:
 pr. Wyman's Testimony.
 I am a practicing physician Have been practicing since 1880. I am graduate of the University of Virginia and of the University of the City of New York My first experience was at the New York City Lunatic asylum, but then re- turning south, I filled the position of assistant physician at the Alabama In- sane hospital. There they treated diseases of the mind exclusively. The Alabama hospital is devoted to the exclusive treat ment of the insane. The institution vas built and is conducted for the care and treatment of the insane.
 l was the assistant physician and came in daily contact with the insane. have had considerable experience with the ln- sane and am tolerably familiar with the different phases of insanity. While I am not devoting my exclusive attention t1 that subject. necessarily have more pr less familiarity with it. While insaLlty manifests itself in many forms and to go into a detailed description would take too much time. there are types in which the patient is very much excited and tn- coherent Then again there are phases where the patient is melancholy. Ther again there Is another type where the patient has illusions or delusions or hallu- cinations. An idiot is person devoid of understanding from birth. There is distinction between an idiot and an in- sane person; a very marked distinction. one being inherent from birth, and an- other being a condition which Is acquired.
 Question: Is it not a fact that a man may be insane on one subject and re- tional on all others?
 Answer-There are forms of insanity where the patient appears insane upon one subject.
 Question-What is a delusion?
 Answer--A delusion is false belief. belief which is not founded on facts
 Question-what is an illusion?
 Answer-An illusion is a false percep- tion of real object. A patient may see some object and misinterpret that ob ject and judge it will do him harm. He