davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer., 1903-11-24
Aunt Jennie's Letter.

one sentence which declares that no
girl can feel confident of her future
If she does not know how to cut, fit.
and make her own clothing, and does
not know how to cook. This asser-
ton is literally true. If she is an
old maid or means to be, she must
learn to be helpful or she will not be
popular, and to be loved by some one
is the acme of existence. To be able
under all circumstances to extend a
helpful hand is to be useful. Who
cares to be a drone in life's hive of
busy workers.
The time has passed when woman
hood was admired for beauty alone.
Men seek companionship, and we
should remember that they have the
right to expect a helpmeet in that
companion. You may never~be com
PEELED to cook, but it will be no dis
grace to know how to cook; in fact,
you owe it to yourself and to the
man you love, to learn. Can a law
yer who has never farmed a day in
his life, oversee and manage a farm
and make his farm pay? Well, if he,
a man, cannot succeed unless he has
some previous training, it is unreas-
enable to expect a woman without
training to manage a kitchen with
perhaps a cook who knows as little
as she does) and save by that man
agement. Do you not agree that we
should have a school where sewing
and cooking are taught, so that our
girls can perfect, or at least en-
deavor to perfect, themselves IN these
branches?
They say that man will always
take stock in a company if you will
show him where he will get twice as
much money out as he has put in.
Well, I believe I can or could prove
this fact to them if we could tour
the Southern kitchens together at
this time when so many women are
being compelled to learn to cook
without a teacher as 'Black Nam
my" is dead and so many of her
daughters have gone North or else
where. Wastefulness is evident on
all sides-not intentional wasteful-
ness, mind you. No, indeed; and the
lady in charge would shed tears of
regret were you to intimate such
thing, but wastefulness nevertheless,
and caused by ignorance. Think OF
it, you men who can give her the op-
portunity to save her tears and your
dollars. Let her have the knowledge
she lacks and you will be the better
for it.
Believe me, it is not the Southern
woman's fault that she is so ignorant
of the culinary department of her
home. There has hitherto been no
real necessity for her knowing these
things, as we have had our mothers
old servants; and then, too, they
have insisted that "the kitchen is no
place for you, Miss" until our girls
have believed it. Now it is different.
The progressive farmer., 1903-11-24
A Plea for Domestic Science in Our
Schools and College,.

you all of a valuable discovery I
made this week. The mice have been
a nuisance at our house, and I filled
some holes with soap, and now they
do not even try to open them. I am
delighted, and will use more soap this
winter than / did all summer, and
feel amply repaid for the expense
and time expended.
By the way, who can tell me how
to utilize Japanese persimmons ?
They are a beautiful fruit, and so
large that it seems a pity to waste
any. Can they be preserved in any
way9 How do the Japanese serve
them? Will some one tell us2
The young people of our Deighbor-
hood are having delightful after
moons nutting, and the girls seem to
vie with one another as to who can
have the largest sack of nuts when
they return from hunt in the
woods. I rejoice in the strength
manifested in the carrying of the
sack by each girl herself, for it indi-
Gates a strong constitution and an
independence formerly unknown. Be
sides it shows that the coming wo-
man will not dread work for lack of
strength and ability to accomplish it.
If the stir in politics and the
race prejudice engendered thereby
means anything to us women, it tells
us to get ready for the inevitable by
preparing ourselves and our girls to
do the cooking and general house
work. And how better can we be-
gin this preparation than by teach
ing our girls to be strong physical
ly? Work is not drudgery to a well
woman; therefore we must help our
girls to cultivate habits that promote
health / too think that as women
must learn to be good housekeepers
and homemakers, they should have
equal advantages with their brothers
in schools where the chemistry of
cooking is taught. And if there is
no such school, let us beg for one un-
til we get it. The boys who want to
farm are learning how; so are the
lawyers, doctors, and in fact, they
can find a place where instruction
is given in any branch of learning
which they care to pursue. What
they choose is optional, but alas! the
girls must be housekeepers. It is
compulsory, mind you. They must
keep house or let the house keep
them, which latter statement l fear
is oftentimes more true than it cas-
ually appears, for as they do not
know how to do house work or how
to cook, it takes them more than
twice as long to accomplish a given
amount of work as would be done,
and well done, if they knew how to
begin and how to husband their
strength. Let us have a school where
girls can learn to cook wholesome,
healthful food, and learn to make
clothes, too.
Why not teach sewing in the
The progressive farmer., 1903-11-24
c..,opsbI. Suggestions About Flowers.

Doubtless there are many or our
,romen readers who have few house
nIants and other flowers that should
he looked after just now. To such
come of the following suggestions"
v Eben Rexford in Home and Flow
ers may be helpful:
Get ready for cold weather. Go
over the windows and see that there
ore no cracks and crevices about
these where plants stand through
which frost can penetrate, or cold
winds can blow. Strips of stout,
thick paper, applied with strong
naste. in which some glue has been
melted, will do effective work against
cold.
Be sure that the bulb beds are well
covered with litter from the barn
ward. Put on at least a foot of it.
Do this whenever you have reason to
think winter is setting in.
Lay down the tender roses before
the ground freezes. If you wait un-
til after the ground is frozen you
Will do poor work among them, for
the weather will be so cold that you
shirk what you undertake, and you
can not do the work satisfactorily.
Wait as long as you consider it safe
to do so, and then, on some pleasant
day go over the garden and do what
needs doing, and do it well.
Be very careful in bending down
roses if their canes are thick and
stiff, as they are easily broken or
cracked. Handle them slowly and
bend them little at time, not sud-
denly and abruptly. They will adjust
themselves to your liking if you go
about it with due deliberation and
have patience with them.
If you have not dug up all the dah-
las and gladioluses gather them at
once. It is not safe to neglect them
longer. Do not leave them out over
night, but store in a shed or under
some good shelter, and cover with
blankets, if the night threatens to
be cold one.
The plants in the window will need
good deal of attention at this sea-
son. Air them in pleasant weather.
Water them moderately. See that
those which are fond of sunshine get
all they possibly can.
Shower daily to get and keep the
start of the red spider. Dip your
plants, if there are not too many of
them, as that is a surer way of get
ting at the spider than shoWering.
Once week go over them with an
infusion of sulpho-tobacco soap, to
Keep the aphis within bounds. Don't
let this pest get the start of you. If
ne does, you will find it hard work
to rout him.
Let cleanliness prevail in the win
dow garden. Remove every dying
leaf as soon as you discover it. Never
allow weeds to grow in your flower
pots. Scrub the pots often to pre-
vent slime from accumulating on
them.
As soon as a chrysanthemum COM
pleteS It's towering cut off it's top
and put it away in the cellar.
Fut the fuchsias in the cellar this
month and all other dnn;d,,n,,s nlan+s
The progressive farmer., 1903-11-24

Willie: off you've saved up enough
for an automobile, why don't you get
it?"
Bobbie: "Not yet. I'm saving up
enough to pay for the people run
over.-Life.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-06-11
Protection AGAINST Floods.

Mr.. Editor: For some time
public attention has been CEN
tered on the floods of the Boy
er, and the plans by which the
farms are to be protected and
the floods to be controlled.
The plans proposed for the
protection of the overhowed
lands are: O To straighten
the Boyer; (2) to create addi-
tlonal outlets; (3) to dredge the
Boyer; az to apply the levee
system so as to confine the
water toone channel and there
by prevent overfows and de-
posits of clay; o. to straighten
the Boyer and then apply the
levee system.
To what has been said con-
corning our condition and the
proper means of relief, desire
to add a brief statement of a
similar struggle of the Lower
Mississippi, with a hope that
we may profit by the experience
of others. With the exception
of the engineers who furnished
the levels on the Boyer all quo
tations come from river engin-
GERS who have decided questions
for the people of the overfowed
regions of the Lower Mississ-
ippi Valley, questions that now
confront the people along the
Boyer.
The statement is as follows:
CATER obtaining an accurate
knowledge of the laws govern
ing the rise, fall and discharge
OF the Mississippi River and its
tributaries; the manner in
which floods originate, their
height, their extent and their
duration; the notifications in
troduced by tributaries; the
succession of river stages; the
discharge, the proportion of
drainage to DOWNFALL the laws
of erosion, transportation and
sedimentation; the slope of the
river, the nature of the river
bed, and it's power of resistance;
the effect of increasing the
number of outlets on sediment
bearing streams; the exped-
iency of Strengthening the
channel of a stream as a RENE
dial agency in time of foods;
Gin fact, after every river phe-
nomena had been investigated
and elucidated," two of the
greatest river engineers of
modern times, reported upon a
plan for the reclamation and
protection of the lands subject
to overflow of the Lower Mis-
sissippi river and that of it's
tributaries.
Mr.. Editor, these plans were
not formulated in a moment.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-06-11
Settled for S65O.OO

Ex-Sherif j. L. Shelton set
tied with the experts Monday,
paying $650.00. 1t seems that
part Of the mistakes came from
the warrants being issued in
full amount for claim when it
had really been cut down by the
Board of Supervisors. Other
mistakes came about by a
double bill being put in-one
by the sheriff and another by a
deputy-the one not knowing
the other had put in a bill. Mr..
Shelton says that he does not
want any money that does not
belong to him. A good princi-
pal to work on. Gazette.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-06-11
G. S. Osborne, Drl1&&ist.

They were neither the caprice
nor fancy of theorists, but the
result of long years of scientific
investigation by a corps of
river engineers.
These plans had for their inn
mediate object the reclamation
of the overflowed lands of the
Lower Mississippi River and
that of it's tributaries, but in a
larger sense, it seems that
these plans had for their ulti-
mate object the proper method
of controlling rivers subject to
overflow, as we'll as the reclaim
alton of the overlooked lands
of the South. Such an under
taking in the aggregate is be-
You'd comprehension; viewed
from a sanitary, a commercial,
and an agricultural standpoint,
it is without a parallel in the
history of civil engineering.
All eyes were turned upon
the Mississippi River, as it was
the only avenue of escape for
the water of the Valley, and
numerous plans were suggested
for it's Improvement.
For the purpose of improving
the outlet of the Mississippi
River, a board of engineers was
appointed. This board exam
ined the outlet of the Missis-
sippi and that of the Vistula,
the Danube, the Rhone, the
Rhine and the Suez and the
North Sea canals; being thus
better qualified, the board
formulated it's plans and put
them into operation.
The example is worthy of
imitation, at least to the extent
of discussing the outlet of the
Boyer, as many citizens along
the Boyer believe the increased
number of overaows to be due
to the up-building of the outlet
of the Boyer, caused by the up
building of the Missouri river;
hence nothing can be done that
will prevent overfows. In 1896
the Boyer emptied it's waters
just below lot 4, section 8, 76
"a. By comparing the field
notes and maps of the U. S.
Surveys with that of the field
notes and map of a topographic
survey of this locality, it is
evident that no perceptible
change Of certain landmarks
had taken place between 1850
and 1896. l would like to ask
those who are of this up-build-
ing belief to account for the
complete preservation of the
witness trees of the U. S. Sur
veys Of 1850, which were found
along the Missouri River be-
tween 1890 and 1896.
This up-building belief is not
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-06-11

construction of levees," the
brilliant and talented John A.
Ockerson was therefore placed
in charge of the Mississippi
River for this purpose. His
work gave the Government a
scientific basis for future river
improvement, and John A.
Ockerson a national reputation
among engineers.
The rivers of the Lower Mis-
sissippi Valley run on ridges of
their own construction. The
ridge of the Mississippi River
has a mean fall of seven feet,
for the first mile back from the
river bank, and in places the
fall is twelve feet and more for
the first mile back. Upon the
very best authority | have it,
chat were the waters unre-
strained by levees, the great
floods would fill and make an
inland sea of 600 miles long and
go miles in mean width"
Do you wonder why armed
men patrol the levees day and
night in time of floods? A gun
shot is a signal for help, or
notice that justice has over
taken a "wrecker" caught in
the act of blowing up the levees
with dynamite.
According to Dumont, the
levees began on the banks of
the Mississippi River near New
Orleans, in l717, and like the
rough but protecting bark of
the oak, they have crept up and
up the river, out on the
branches until they now form
zone continuous line of protec-
ton from Point Pleasant, Mis-
souri,, to the Red River country
below"
In 1883, the levee building
had it's second growth in the
South; prior to 1876, the levees
were located and constructed
by empirical methods. The
levees were not uniform in
slope along the river, or equal
in height on opposite sides of
the river; here too near, there
too far off; too much of sand,
too little of river clay; often
wanting in proper height, slope
and crown; the contractors
would sometimes forget to re-
move stumps and other perish
able material; or to properly
prepare the ground, or to pro-
perly protect the levees by sod,
or screening, or seepage drains;
yet with all their faults, at
noon and in the silent watches
of the night, they have, and
still protect the sanitary, COM
mercial and agricultural inter-
ests of the most productive
region on the American Cont
nent.
Levees have been maintained
on the Mississippi River since
1717; on the Pc for centuries;
on the Rhine for more than
nineteen hundred years, and on
the Lower Nile for thousands
of years"
As a means of protection
against floods, how much longer
must these levees be on trial to
be worthy of confidence? We
build fences to protect fields of
grain; why not build levees for
the same purpose? 1t has
paid to build and maintain
levees elsewhere; why not here?
FARMER.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-06-11
Dr.R.D. ITo@voy
DENTIST.
Office over G. S. Osborne's drug store.
Special attention given to the correc-
Ion OF Irregularities of the teeth.
DENTIST.
Democratic Convention,

The Democrats of Harrison
county will meet in delegate
convention at the court house
in Logan, Iowa, at 10 o'clock a.
M, on Monday, June %, 1909,
for the purpose of selecting ten
delegates to attend the state
convention to be held at Des
MONIES, Wednesday, June "a,
1903, and for the purpose of
electing a county chairman and
township chairmen.
The basis of representation
will be one delegate for each
township and one delegate for
each twenty-five votes, or frac-
ton thereof, of twelve or over
cast for Thomas j. Phillips for
the office of governor in 1901.
The various townships will be
entitled to the following dele
potac.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-06-11

When the Reina Christiana,
the Spanish gun boat sunk in
the harbor of Manila was rails
ed it was found that there were
one hundred corpse on board.
The relic hunters stole most of
the bones. There is no limit to
the relic hunter.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-06-11

The Dunkard church at their
annual conference in Indiana
this week passed an order for
bidding the use of telephones in
the homes of Dunkards.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-06-11

The anthracite coal miners
are making arrangements for
another big strike to commence
June 18th. 1t looks like the
same trouble that the people
had with the fuel question last
winter will be repeated again
next winter.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-06-11

The workmen over in Portu-
gal have become affected with
the strike fever and over lOO.-
600 workmen in the city of Lis
bon are on a strike.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-06-11

Statistics show that there arc
more graduates in the western
colleges marry than there is of
eastern colleges. The western
people know a good thing when
they see it.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-06-11
Editorial Notes

The New England States
have been AZ days without rain.
The Socialists of Chicago
great gains in the late
election in Chicago.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-06-11

Mark Hanna,s daughter will
be married June 10th. in Wash
ington. More noted people will
be in attcndace at this wedding
than at any wedding ever sol
emnized in the United States.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-06-11

A farmer over in Illinois has
discovered gold on his farm,
and it has caused great excite
ment in Red Bud. The sand in
which the gold was discovered
runs STOP in gold to the ton.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-06-11

Gil BLUFFS, IOWA. M
x s * * * * M 81 e x: 81 SCI
Editorial Notes
The New England States
have been AZ days without rain.
The Socialists of Chicago
made great gains in the late
election in Chicago.
The workmen over in Portu-
gal have become affected with
the strike fever and over 1OO,-
600 workmen in the city of Lis
bon are on a strike.
The Dunkard church at their
annual conference in Indiana
this week passed an order for
bidding the use of telephones in
the homes of Dunkards.
Statistics show that there arc
more graduates in the western
colleges marry than there is of
eastern colleges. The western
people know a good thing when
they see it.
A farmer over in Illinois has
discovered gold on his farm,
and it has caused great excite
ment in Red Bud. The sand in
which the gold was discovered
runs $102 in gold to the ton.
Mark Hanna,s daughter will
be married June 10th. in Wash
ington. More noted people will
be in attendace at this wedding
than at any wedding ever sol
emnized in the United States.
The anthracite coal miners
are making arrangements for
another big strike to commence
June 18th. 1t looks like the
same trouble that the people
had with the fuel question last
winter will be repeated again
next winter.
When the Reina Christiana,
the Spanish gun boat sunk in
the harbor of Manila was rails
ed it was found that there were
one hundred corpse on board.
The relic hunters stole most of
the bones. There is no limit to
the relic hunter.
Glad news comes from larry
town, N. Y, where the Rookie
fellers John D. and William
have announced their willing
ness to pay the taxes assessed
against them. The fact that
an obliging court had command
ed the assessors to make the
figures satisfactory to the
Rockefellers does not detract
from the joy Of the occasion.
The payment Of any taxes at
all by the brethren is an en-
couraging precedent.
With evident melancholy the
New Orleans Times-Democrat
inquiries whether it would not
be advisable to institute an old
maids insurance an insurance
against the possibility of
spinsterhood such as exists in
Denmark. In that county if
1925 be deposited on behalf of
a girl at birth she becomes en-
titled, if unmarried at the age
30, to an annuity of SIS which
is increased $25 every ten
years. If she marries before
she is 30 the original deposit is
returned to her. The plan has
some features to commend it,
but it is discouraging to see the
Times-Democrat advocating it.
Have the cavaliers of New Or
leans proved so recreant to their
training and traditions that
young women of that city are
forced to seek old maid insur-
opoo2
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1903-06-11

The township caucuses will
please select their township
chairman and have the town
ship organization perfected so
that there will be no delay in
perfecting the county organiza-
ton. Ed. T. Child,
County Chairman.
6. p. Ferguson, Secretary.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1903-08-27
OBITUARY.

John Gibbs Brown, son of
David and Sarah Brown was born
August 10, 1910 and being hope
fully converted and giving very
bright testimony was baptised
into the fellowship of the Olive
Branch Baptist church, Ohio
county, Ind, when about Is
years of age. He was united in
the bonds of Holy Matrimony to
Martha Ann Tucker at Bear
Branch, Ohio county, Ind, on
the "a of August 1862. The
fruits of this union are eleven
children, four sons and seven
daughters, all of whom survive
the father except two daughters
who died in infancy. The de-
ceased emigrated to Danville,
Ills, in the fall of 1872 and to
Polk county, Neb., in the fall of
1888. He settled upon the pre-
sent homestead in Loup town
ship, Custer county, Neb., in
1885. He leaves a wife and g
children and 4 brothers to mourn
his departure besides a host Of
neighbors and friends. He was
a good brother, a good father
and husband as we'll as a goot
neighbor. The funeral service!
were conducted in the First
Eudell Baptist church by Rev
]. r. Woods of Mason City
The remains were followed by ;
large concourse to the Box Eide,
cemetery where he was laid t.
rest. Another link is broker
from the family chain. The de
ceased is the tenth of ID children
to depart this life, he has gon
to his reward. Let us cherisl
his memory, eminate his virtue
and forget his faults which wer
few. All children except tw
sons were present. =
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1903-08-27
Antitrust Oats.

o. J. Smith of Anselmo, show
ed us sample sheaf of his anti
rust oats of which he raised 80
acres this season. He says they
neither rust nor blown down like
common oats. He had ten acres
of the common oats in the same
field that were badly effected
with the rust and were badly
blown down, while the antitrust
oats did neither. The sample
measured four feet and are well
filled, large berry and large
strong stalk.
Custer County Republican. (Broken Bow, Neb.) 1882-1921, 1903-08-27
Sunday School Convention

A Sunday School Convention
and picnic will be held in John
Welsh's grove near Westerville
on Friday August %, Mr.. Kim
berly of Lincoln, Sunday School
organizer for Nebraska, will be
present, he is an able speaker
A general invitation is extended
to all Sunday Schools in the east.
ern half of Custer County. Come
in delegations. Come in any
way and enjoy a shady grove
the children will enjoy the day
and perhaps be benefited. Bring
your dinner baskets we'll filled.