The Washington times., 1903-05-11
PEOPLE AND CONTROL
OF WORLDS COLONIES
Population 0ne-third That
of Inhabited Globe.
DIVIDED INTO THREE GROUPS
Only Three Per Cent Governed by Peo-
pie of Same Race as Those of
Governing Country.

The area, population, commerce, and
methods of government of the colonies
of the world are discussed in detail by
a monograph just issued by the Treas
ury Bureau OF Statistics entitled Colo
NAL Administration, 1SO0-1900.
1t shows that the colonies, so-called,
of the world, including in this term all
territory not contiguous TO the country
by whose government it is controlled,
occupy two-ffths of the land surface OF
the globe and contain one-third of the
worlds population. or about 800, 900, 900
people. OF this colonial population Of
500, 900, 900, only three small groups
numbering less than 100000 popula-
tion, or 8 per cent of the whole, are
composed in any considerable degree Of
the people of the governing country or
their descendants.
The principal colonies. composed CT
people from the overning country or
their descendants, are the English colo
MES OF British North America. Austria
lasia, and South Africa. The remaining
4S5,000,000 people, governed by coun-
tries not contiguous TO that which they
occupy. are of different stock from that
of the governing country, and less than
l per cent of their population is of the
nationality which administers the gov
eminent, Practically all of Africa.
Oceania, and Southern Asia are govern
ed by countries not contiguous to the
territory in question. All of the gov
erning countries are located in the tenn
perate zone and practically all Of the
territory governed as colonies is, with
the exception of Canada, Southern Aus
tralia. and New Zealand, tropical or
subtropical.
Mostly Native.
The 4S5, 600 900 people of stock different
from that of the governing country. and
located in the tropics. are divided into
three great groups; East Indian, West
Indian, and Africa. The East Indian. or
Oriental group, includes the British col
onies of India, Ceylon, the Malayan Pen
ipsu!a, Fill and Borneo; the Dutch colo
MES CT Java and Sumatra. and the French
colony of Indo-China-all located com
paratively near TO the Philippines and
having a population, climate and other
conditions somewhat similar to those of
the Philippines. The second group, the
West Indian. includes colonies governed
by the British, French, Dutch and Dan
ish governments; the third group, Africa
and adjacent islands, includes territory
governed by Great Britain, France, Ger
many, Italy. Portugal and Belgium.
The population of the British colonies
is IN round numbers $50, goo coo; that OF
the French colonies Sc, GOO O00 Neither
lands colonies. 100000: Belgian colo
MES, S000O.0oO; German colonies, I5.-
100000; Portugal colonies. 5000, 600, and
Spanish colonies. 135, 900. while the non
contiguous territory governed by the
United States has a population of about
100000. OF the population of $50 600, -
geo thus governed by Great Britain, near
ly 300, zoo. 600 are in the East Indian
group, 35.000000 in Africa, and less than
5000, 000 in the West Indies. Of the Dutch
colonies, $4,000 600 are in the East In
dian group, and sc, 900 in the West Indies
OF the French colonies, about % GOO
GOO are in the East Indian group. 25 O0O. -
Geo in Africa, and 10000 in the West
Indies.
Commerce of Colonies.
The report shows that the commerce Of
the colonies amounts to about So 600 900 -
eco. of which about one-half is imports.
and large proportion drawn from the
governing country; while, in turn. the
colonies supply a large proportion Of
the tropical and subtropical products
required by the countries which admins
ter their government
On the question of the government of
colonies, to which the study is espe-
cially devoted, the report shows that
In the colonies composed of people of
the governing country. or their descend
ants, the administration Of government
is left almost exclusively 10 the people
OF the colonies themselves; in the col
onies whose population is chiefly of a
race, customs and climatic conditions
differing from those of the home coun-
try, the governor and other executive
officers are usually appointed by the
home government and these with the
AID OF natives usually in the form of
a legislative body, one branch of which
Is elected by the people, frame the laws
and regulations which are administered
BY. the officers appointed by the home
government.
Local Administration.
Local and municipal legislation and
ouLHiAiStIdtlOu are LETT TO the natives
wherever practicable and they are en-
Outraged to assume the duties of ad-
mibistering law and improving and de-
yeloping the community. commercially
and otherwise. The construction of
roads, railways, telegraphs and other
methods of communication by which the
natural products of the colony can be
sent TO the markets Of the world is
encouraged by the home government,
and in most cases the cost is borne bv
the colony itself; and the DEVELOPMENT
OF the colony is usually coincident with
the development OF facilities of trans
portation and communication. Funds for
the conduct Of the colonial government
are raised in practically all cases in the
colony itself and by methods usually
adopted in other parts Of the world
though in the newer colonies customs
, duties are the chief reliance for this
purpose.
The commercial relations between the
colonies and their governing countries
are also discussed at considera bic
length. showing that the colonies in
practically all cases take a larger pro