davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1903-11-05
Of tn. coming .e..on At I, $50 900 tons. This

OF the coming season At l,250 900 tons. This
Ia 200, 900 tons beyond the record crop OF
1894. 1t is 800 coo tons beyond the crop OF
last season. That sufficient cane is stand
ing to make that huge quantity is more
than probable. Its conversion into sugar
depends upon an improbable run OF FAVOR
able weather. One Of the soundest authori-
ties in the island states that the crop OF iast
season reached $50 900 tons only through
the unusual delay Of the rainy season. thue
erablcg planters to continue cutting ana
grinding beyond the normal period. In the
Judgment OF this authority, 100000 tons II
Cuba's ma vimum output with her present
labor supply. except for abnorn,aily favor
able weather conditions. Cuba needs more
people eve. IN re thar she needs more capi-
tal and the coming session Of the Cuban
Congress should include that question In
It's considerations.
Diversity of crops In also imperative
Cuba now carries all her eggs in two baskets,
an ursafe proceeding for any people. Dis
aster to either would he followed by wide
spread and baneful consequences. Orpor-
tunities for thi, diversity are abundant.
Money ard workers are necessary TO give
them force and effect.
Cuba is to be most heartily congratulated
upon all tlInt she has accomplished since
the close OF the war which gave her ma
tional independence and upon all that lies
in the promise of the future. But those
who are -eally interested in her welfare
must. II they would get true picture Of
her condition. discount alike tales Of exu-
berant optimism and stories of woful
calamity. Cuba is gaining, surely and
steadily, year by year. out she is a long way
yet from making express speed in her
economic affairs. To achieve that. she
needs the impetus Of more capital, more
workers and diversity of products,
The sun., 1903-11-05
A Failure of Referendum

The result Of the referendum Of the
project to expend the appalling sum Of
SOL 900, 600 on the canals of this State is
another among many demonstrations of
the futilty of referring so great ques-
ton to the vote Of the people. A few
wears ago the referendum Of all laws was
fashionable crotchet among certain
class of reformers and fanatical dema
gogues Legislation they would have by
popular vote instead Of by representa-
tives in deliberative assembly.
The returns of the votes on the canal
referendum show that almost wholly the
majorities were in the two great cities Of
the State and nearly nine-tenths OF their
total in the city Of New York alone.
1t is not necessary to argue the ques
ton of the canal project on its merits,
for the decision in it's favor, practically
made by this city, was not made on any
consideration of it's merits. 1t went
through by default, both parties con-
tributing to the result, and each rela-
lively to its strength.
Now, whether the canal project is de-
Slrable or undesirable, IL was III many
respects the most important issue put
before the electorate. 1t affects the
policy of the State for many years to
come. 1t is radically revolutionary
measure so far as concerns the canal sys-
TEN, and it involves so vast continuous
expenditure that it will have conse-
ouences which will be far reaching and,
according to past experience, are pretty
sure to be scandalous.
1t was, therefore, at least debatable
question of state policy, and it was so
grave in its character that the debate on it
should have been thorough, enlightening
and serious Now, how many of the great
majority of more than 100000 in the city
of New York knew anything about what
they were voting for? How many of
them when they marked Yes" on their
ballots had really formed any opinion on
the merits of the question or had taken
any pains to inform themselves as to
them? Whether they did well or i'll, they
knew not what they were doing.
This referepdum, therefore, failed
completely in obtaining an Intelligent
The sun., 1903-11-05
Election Notes.

George 3. Mcclellan has been elected successfully
President OF the Board OF Aldermen. Congressman
and Mayor. He has never been defeated since his
nrst candidacy. which was In 1902.
The New York city election district which showed
the largest registration and the highest vote was
the Eighteenth OF the Twenty first Assembly dis
trict II is one Of the Riverside districts and Yves.
One Hundredth street runs through It.
One result of Tuesday election Is that Maryland
Democrats In the United States Senate. Of whom,
Arthur p. German will be one The defeat OF the
Republicans in Maryland on their legislative ,Icke,
practically restores the Solid South as completely
Democratic. All the States OF the South after Jan
! will have Democratic Governors. After March
all will have Democratic Sena tors and the Rcpub
llcan party throughout the South will be reduced
TO the position OF a minority organization.
One result OF Tuesdays contest has been to com
pletcly dsCredlt. probably for many years 10 come
the straw vote and the postal card prophecies and
computations.
Justice Henry Bischof'. reelected for term OF
fourteen years had the support OF both political
parties In his contest for reelection. His chief
opponent was Rclnhod Meyer Social Democrat,
who came within 100000 votes Of being elected.
A svcry note comes. or rather came on Wedncs
day morning. from Nebraska. Fusion between
Democrats and Popullsts Is still In full force and
effect there and nothing apparently can shake the
determination OF the two party organizations
Democrat and Popullst. to stand together though
the political heavens fall.
The sun., 1903-11-05

cotton goods for foreign markets. Her
exports Of cotton cloths and cotton yarns
show an approximate valuation Of $780,
100000 annually Owing to the increase
in prices, an increase is shown in the
value of these exports; but there is n
comparative fixity in the quantity, both
by yards and by weight.
From the existing market conditions it
is fair inference that the foreign buyers
of raw cotton buy what they can else
where, and buy what they cannot buy
elsewhere from the United States, At
present conditions Of production are
such hat England, Germany, France and
other composing nations are compelled
to purchase the major portion of their
supply from lls. That this is only
temporary condition becomes more and
more evident England France and
Germany are all turning toward their
African possessions as the source of their
future supply. The possibility of cotton
production in equatorial Africa and in
sub-tropical South Africa, and its pro-
duction upon an extensive scale have
been fairly demonstrated There is little
doubt that. before many Years have
passed some f not all Of our competitors
will be fairly independent of the cotton
fields of the United States
1t will undoubtedly be several years
before the cotton supply of East and
West Africa, of Egypt, of India and Cen
tral Asia will seriously affect our cotton
industry. Meanwhile it may be pre-
s,lmed thai our home demand will in
crease in an important measure. But
the disposition of our present surplus
of SIX or seven million bales year will
at no distant day present itself as a
serious problem, unless we solve it be-
fore Il becomes troublesome.
The alternative of a vast curta!lment
of our cotton crop is an increased market
for manufactured cottons Whatever
NAV be done in Africa or elsewhere by
any Other country, the United States will
always have the advantage of having
the cotton mill alongside the cotton field.
We now export s3". 900 900 worth of man.
ufactured cottons England. importing
a large part of her raw material from
this country. exports s3jO,OO0,OOO worth.
From present indications, the saliva
ton of our cotton fields will depend upon
an increase in the number of American
spindles and an extension of American
export of manufactured cotton goods.
The sun., 1903-11-05
The Question Of Religion In the schools Al
ready settled.

To THR EDITOR or THE SuNSr; In a recent
edition you call attention Ia the fact tina, Presdcn.
Eliot, In his Atlantic paper. Is silent upon the quc>
tion OF the Introduction OF religious Instruct Ion
into the public schools, which, you say. "agltates
SO greatly very many" OF your correspondents.
VIII you allow me to hazard the opinion thGr
these. your greatly agtated correspondents. are
"hagglng over the Emperor's beard inasm'ch
as the question OF religion In our public schools
has been settled. and settled rightly, by lovers OF
liberty for all time: and that an attempt TO regal
vauize It has Just about as much chance TO prevail
as the traditional snowba in an extremely torrd
locality which may be mentioned In church. bu,
not In the presence OF ladies'
When will our Catholic and Puritan brothers
awake to the fact discovered and approved some
time ago by the wise trainers OF the Constitution
that the United States Is no more Christian c0un
try than It Is Jewish or a Mohammedan or q
thcistio or agnostic country American liberty
allows parents to teach their children whateve,
they please al home but Jew or agnostlc or even
an atheist. whatever that may be. is every whit
as GOOD an American citizen before the law as is
the most devout believer In the Christian dogmata
The law must protect him from the aggressions OF
his ighbor and has no right whatever 10 cn
croach upon his personal liberty or the enjoymen,
OF his life as he may Mt to live SO long as lie
keeps within the law, even TO favor the member rs
of the Christian Church. who are unqucsilonably
In the minority In this country.
AMHERST, Mass, Nov. !. EDWARD BRICK.
The sun., 1903-11-05
TIPPING BY SYSTEM.
A Plan for Sealing the Amount Given
Down to q business Basis.

To THE EDITOR or The SuN-!Sir; | am re-
signed. now. to tipping the barber, but do
hate to have to give up to the brush boy, TOO
In many shops. when you pay your check they
give you now in place OF dim" two nickels,
so that you can have five cents handy to give
to the brush boy; and cant help thinking
that the boss gets share Of this. If not all of it
and this irks me. And fancy giving away in
tips as much as you pay for the work done!
You pay IL cents to get sha we'd. nnd then II
you tip the barber and the brush boy both
you pay out Is cents in tips Ridiculous.
isn't it? Why. sure il is!
don't like the idea of tips, anyway.
in free country: but II we have got TO have
tips. for Heavens sake let's get EN- down 10
something like Q business basis. and moi give
so much as We do.
| have tried this plan in one .restauran Mt
where | sometimes go. and | find il works:
After modest meal, eaten in quick time. ]
put down, when get my check. not dime,
but nickel.
The first time tried this didn't know but
that the waiter would casually push plate
of into my lap, or accidentally upset plate
OF soup over my head, or give me the grand
jeer, but he did nothing Of the sort: he picked
up the nickel and-said Thank you
There is hope i'm this brothers! II we must
have tips let us get down to business basis.
NEW YoRK. Nov. 4. ANCHOR
The sun., 1903-11-05
Earnings or Mexican Railways.

In a report recently made by the Railway
Commissioners delegated by the fourth sub
committee OF the Monetary Commission ap-
pointed by the Mexican Government to study
the currency question some very interesting
information Is given in relation to the gross
earnings in Mexican dollars and the net
earnings in gold Of six OF the principal railway
SYSTEMS. The task Of studying the effect of
the depreciation of the Mexican dollar upon
the railway business of the republic was
allotted to two gentlemen OF distinguished
attainments in the business world OF Mexico.
the Senores joaquin y. Caeasus and Carlos
Diaz Dufoo, who entered upon their work
with a keen appreciation OF its importance.
The report Of these commissioners brings to
light In a forcible way the disabilities which
tho railways OF Mexico have suffered for years
past In consequence OF the steady fall in the
value OF their silver earnings. The study
of the commissioners was confined to the
Central, National. International. Mexican,
Interooeanic and Southern railways. and 1t
covers a period of nine years. from 1893 to
1901. inclusive.
As might be expected from the activity in
the development OF the railways Of Mexico
during the time Indicated all OF the roads
mentioned increased their gross earnings in
an almost phenomenal manner. In the year
1899 the gross earnings in Mexican silver OF
the central were V,9Sl ,Ios. Wnile III lSol Tue
same road earned 81. 1884, .o73; the gross earn =
ings of the National in the year first named
were -, ,224, ,s04. No return is shown for this
road in 1901. but in 1900 the gross earnings
had increased to 37,sso.ess. The increase
In the earnings OF the International. while
not 10 marked. shows steady and healthy
growth, the total for the year 1893 being
81. .osO. .ss4. and in 1901. S5.uoO.s24 The Inter-
oceanic more than doubled its total gross
earnings in the period embraced in the report.
and the Southern Railway. whose gross earn
ines in 1898 were only s402 ss5. earned $685.
OPT in 1901. The Mexican Vera Cruz, Rail-
way is the only road which shows falling
of. the total for the year last named being
-, ,40o, ,2ss. as compared with S5,523.is7 in
1893 In the year 1897 the gross earnings OF
this railway fell to &S, 100, 1852.
The net earnings OF these different systems
for the period covered by the report were as
follows
The sun., 1903-11-05
The Evtra Sessions of Consre.,

FT0W fhe 81. I0iHs t'7obf 'Den0CTdI.
No President calls Conc resS in extra scssion n he
thinks he can avoid II without detriment 10 the
public service, yet nearly half OF them John
Adams Jefferson, Madison, Van Ruren, william
Henry Harrison. Pierce. Lincoln. Hayes. Cleveland,
Mckinley and Roosevelt t-.have been Obliged TO
do this, Jefferson, Madison and Hayes had to 10
this twice. The session recently called by President
Rc' s.velt win be the fourteenth on the list, The
nrst hvc extra sessions Except JeNersons In 1908
which the Louisiana Purchase necessiiate6) grew
out OF the countrys relations with European Powers,
the NTH OF them being held during the War OF 1871?
A nnancial convulsion. tho panic of 1887 In Van
Burcns case and that OF 1893 In Clevciands brough
two Congresses together In called session. The
exivenc,es OF civil war melted the summonng Of
that Of 1881. and the Cuban reciprocity question
is responsible for that which win assemble n,,ls
over a week hence. WHINE the ssasal 1laAss 90.
ton Ia one or esAsr Of ~ ss0ssh 0s1OA ~ -
rest Of them.
The sun., 1903-11-05
Future Danger for Our Cotton Fields?

Future Da niger for Our Cotton Fields?
When considered in it's relation o gem
eral world commerce, the item of cotton
presents a somewhat curious and inter-
esting situation. Reference to the records
OF the commerce of the various nations OF
the world shows a considerable increase
i'm the volume of world traffic during the
last five years. 1t may be said that all
of the leading nations of the world, and
many of the less important countries,
have shared in this general increase.
Yet the item of cotton, in its production,
manufacture and distribution, shows a
remarkable fixity.
New markets have been opened. and.
presumably at least. the purchasing
power of the world at large has been ex-
tended. In theory. an article of such
universal use as cotton should be one Of
the first to show an increased commerce
as result Of these conditions. Yet
neither production nor consumption
seems to have been materially affected.
Prices, however, show an important
increase. In 1898 raw cotton sold at
an average of about 9 cents per pound
To-day it is about twice that.
The United States is the great cotton
producing country of the world, Our
fields are the source of 80 per cent. or
more of the market supply. We retain
about one-third of our crop for home
manufactures; England takes about an
other third; Germany takes about one
half Of the remainder, and the rest is
scattered among some twenty other
countries. Our production and our ex-
port have both fallen of during the last
five years. The figures are as follows:
The sun., 1903-11-05
expression of the popular will on the
subject referred.

II was obviously no question OF personality. The
Angel GABRIEL could not have suct oeded where
Mayor Low failed. .--Erenfno Post
1t is impossible to tell how the Angel
GABRIEL would have run. but If the fusion
ists had nominated JOHN McGAw WooD-
BURY, the Street Cleaner. he would have
carried the election by 5000 to 100000.
That is what the citizens OF this town think
Of full-grown man who ia neither hypo-
critical nor cownrdly but who has won the
esteem and the confidence and the admira-
ton OF the whole community. WOODBURY.
could have cut Tammanys vote in two and
he would have swept the town, Tammany
can be beaten any time But it can be done
only when the opposition is really in earn
est, and 1t can b, in earnest only when II has
q man who is all there to lead it.
The sun., 1903-11-05

In view Of the fact that the increase in gross
earnings In the time mentioned reached
earnings about the same. it would at first
sight seem to indicate n prosperous condi-
tion Of the trans po rtation business In the
southern republic. This, however, is not
tho fact. for, as the commissioners. point out
IF the gross and net earnings in silver OF the
various railways have increased 40 appre-
ciably, and. on the other hand. the net earn
ings in gold especially OF late years. have
diminished, it is undouhted that the situation
Of the railways ls due not to the lack OF de-
paralyzation OF the national production but
to the shrinkaee in the gold value OF silver"
To clearly demonstrate the losses which
the railway companies have suffered in the
conversion Of the profits into gold to pay
abroad interest and bonded Indebtedness
the net earnings in gold per mile Of the six
RAILWAYS named.
The sun., 1903-11-05
English a. She !, Writ" In Munich.

To THR EDITOR OF THE SuN-!Sir: ! saw he fol
lowing "ad. In an art store In Munich few days
ago. English as she is writ" In city flooded bs
American and English visitors THE exhibitor
of the paintings which no every exception whose
alone property and In the possession Of abou, iooot
No. of stitch Of hooper. cut OF wood. art OF shave
uefs, color printlngs. erasures and ca 6T0 por
traits also 10000 sketches In hand. aquaralles. Of
german english dutch, belgium. italian and french
masters OF the latest four centuries. Also an col
lection of miniatures. and many old books whiche,
complet collection arc salcablc Mrs. Patrons, you
want Information about. send you please letter tc
the posScSsor. j. Gcrncrt, Bavariarlng SOL and
Ksrlspls,z 20 L. Munich Catalogue Is TO prepara
ton and send the catalogues every patron 10 give
hi, strict address"
Fortunately there was German translation In
the same window and is TO he hoped that this lat
ter viii enable English speaking Mrs. Patrons" ia
understand what the man means,
RICHARD RoSDY.
nsrppu.IgCE CeFmsuN Oct
The sun., 1903-11-05
Free Panama.

The swift progress Of the revolutionary
movement in Panama denotes state OF
public opinion there which will not toI-
crate the further subjection of the 18TH
mus int erests TO the blackmailing policy
Of Bogotn.
The Colombian Government forfeited
something more than The friendly re-
gard of the United States when it tried
to turn an lnexampled opportunity into
extortionate profit. il threw away, like
wise, all claim to the respect and loyalty
of a State which has been intermittently
attached TO the Colombian system by
was ever time when the people OF a
State were warranted in morals in ass'lm-
ing the mastery Of their own destinles,
that right belongs to-day to the State
of Panama.
Events are marching rapidly in that
part Of the hemisphere, II is only five
days since the Colombian Congress
adjourned, having contemptuouslv re-
jcctcd the liberal terms of the agree
mcnt previously negotiated with this
Government, and having indicated its
disposition to levy blackmail To the
amount of $40 600 900 on the French cCm-
pany and to the amount of $50 100000 on
the United States, besides the yearly
rental for the canal strip. On Monday
the withdrawal of Minister BEArPRE
from Bogota was announced as mark OF
our own Government g dsple9sure. Late
Tuesday night an independent republic
was proclaimed at Panama, and in
expectation of trouble American naval
vessels were ordered to the Isthmus, both
on the Atlautc side and on the Pacific.
Yesterday Colombia began coercive
operations by throwing shells into PAN
anna from gunboat in the harbor. BY
direction from Washington the Bogota
party was promptly warned that the
bombardment of that unfortified town
must stop, both on account of the ordi-
nary reasons of humanity and because OF
the danger to the terminal property OF
the railroad which it is one OF the duties
of Washington to protect. The Admins
tration is preparing for the full perform
ance of this Governments functions
under the treaty of 1916.
II fighting continues on the lsthmns,
the course of the United States Govern
ment is clearly marked by treaty obliga-
tions and by practical precedents. II
Panama establishes and maintains her
Independence, our obligation to safe
guard free transit from sea to sea be
comes an obligation due to the new
Republic Of Panama, whose sovereignty
succeeds in that territory the sovereignty
of the Republic of Colombia, just as the
sovereignty Of Colombia replaced in 1853
that of the original party to the conven-
ton the Republic of New Granada.
Our guarantee to Colombia OF the per-
feet neutrality of transit and of the
rights of sovereignty and property APP
plies to attack from without, not to sue
cessful revolution within the Isthmian
territory. The responsibility continues
although the style of the protected Gov
ernment changes again, as it has already
changed once since the treaty was
written. 1t is not part of the duty of the
United States to suppress this revolution
or to conquer Panama and hand her back
to the blackmailers at Bogota.
The sun., 1903-11-05

In Norfolk, Va, the young women COM
plain that they cannot walk alone upon the
street without having young men thrust
attentions upon them. In Brooklyn there
s church in which only one marriage has
been celebrated In dozen years. Thus
Nature fails to distribute her gifts equally
and what is craved in one spot is spurned
in another
The sun., 1903-11-05

civilized advancement which ought to
give hope and courage even to the phi
losopher of sociology who was gloomest
because of his defeat at the election of
Tuesday Ifthey had been intrusted with
30 much liberty generation ago, dam
gerous license would have resulted.
The sun., 1903-11-05
DEER SHOOTING ON LONG ISLAND.
Open Season Began Yesterday-Fifteen
Deer Shot and Nobody Hurt. '''.

BABYLON, L. l., Nov. A.-This WAS the
first day Of the open season for deer shoot
ing on Long Island and fully three hun
dred gunners were out in the woods during
the night so as to be on hand at daylight
The day proved a very poor one for sport
as few deer were teen. They took
alarm early and sought posted lands to
9 cape the hunters. Only about fifteen
deer were killed, The biggest one was
shot by Capt. willitm Jeffrey on the
TAYLOR estate at G eat River. party
from Orange county got three NO ac-
cidnnts have heen reported.
The sun., 1903-11-05

The reDort is an eloquent argument IN favor
of some sort OF relief for the railway interests
whose position has been one OF peculiar hard
shin. inasmuch as IN" transportation COM
bodies have been prevented by the terms
of their concessions from the Government
from tortifying themselves against loss by
silver's decline by advancing their rates
The tompornry concession by the Govern
mont Of authority to increase passen ger and
frnioht rates IL per cent. oan scarcely be re-
eardcd as an ADEQUATE means OF relief in view
OF all the circumstances.
The sun., 1903-11-05
Terrible week for the OdcIls

FrOm INC LODI FNFfPrW
Ambrose c. Otcll came home from beloN u.s.
Wednesday with n broken collarbone having haa
. oollI,on in the nigh, with stranger both ridlns
bicycles. H-is convaescing.
c. &. odeil came In contact with the fnooef oeI'
which runs from the engine 10 the pumpint 'sok
leaving an ugly marx on his face
Hiram A. Odtll had a toe amputA'ed a.d AN'
,e,th pulled BY Dr whitelsw. assisted By pS. Yer
SseI ga ss1prsssb, H!ne.. last ThsrpAay. ne Is
ASnnR USA