The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1903-07-21

Rome. In that time tho conclave the term
is applied both to the gathering and the
meeting place--is prepared
cIorsrER FOR EACH CARDINAL,
In whatever city the Pope dies there must
the c0ncave be held. So the large hall
Of the Vatican is 80 divided by partitions
IA to furnish sets Of small apartments
three rooms for Cardinal Bishop. two
for each Cardinal priest and Cardinal dea-
College. The rooms are draped in purple
for the Cardinals created by the late Pope,
in green for the others
All OF the apartments open upon the
hall and here the Cardinals must remain
in seclusion till they have elected Pope.
The Novendiales being over and the
Pope entombed. on the tenth day after
his death the Cardinals assemble ins the
Sistine chapel. The mass Of the Holy Ghost
liz celebrated by the Cardinal Dean This
over, the Cardinal Dean intones the Veni,
Creator Spiriius.
The Cardinals, their officers and attend
ants go in procession TO that part of the
Vatican set apart for their seclusion. II
Immediately adjoins and includes the
Pauline and Sistine chapels. In the Pauline
chapel the Cardinal Dean chants before the
altar the prayer Deus qui cordd fdelium
Next the papal rules for the Conclave are
read and conofavists and guardians swear
solemny o observe them.
THY ARE SHUT IN TO VOTE.
For that day the conclave is open. Their
personal friends and the Ambassadors and
delegates Of foreign States may visit the
Cardinals, But in the evening that ends.
All but the Cardinals and their immediate
attendants withdraw. Three Cardinals
chosen from the three orders in the Sacred
College, the High Chamberlain and the
first Master OF Ceremonies make a scrupu-
lous examination to see that no intruders
remain. Then the conclave is closed,
Each Cardinal is allowed to have two
persons of his household In personal at
tendance on him. These are called "con-
clavists.' A limited number of other at
PENDANTS and minor officials are in the
c Dmncn ssrvic, of all The Card nails.
There are two BARRIERS, eight or ten mes
| sengers and porters, carpenter, mason,
| a sacrist, monk or prior to hear con-
| fessions and a physician. No others may
enter and none may leave till the new Pope
| is elected and the conclave is over
DIET CURTAILED IF THEY DISAGREE.
Only one entrance to the concave is
open after its formal assembly That one
ia in charge of officials, some OF whom
| are prelates, others officers of the munich
| pality II is their business to sec that
| no unaut horized person enters They even
| are supposed to exercise surveillance over
! the food sent in TO the Cardinals, lest any
communication from the outer world reach
them in that way.
| II after three days the conclave has
not agreed, the supply of food is restricted.
| II five more days elapse without Pope
being elected the rule formerly was that
| the Cardinals from that time on should
subsist on nothing but bread, wine and
water but the provision for that rigorous
treatment has been modified by later
| ordinances.
This is the daily routine so long as the
seclusion lasts: At o o'clock in the morning
| the Master of ceremonies knocks at the
door Of each apartment to warn the inmate
to proceed to the chapel. At 7 the mass
of the Holy Ghost is celebrated After
this the attendants withdraw, leaving the
Cardinals alone. They recite the peni-
tential psalms and the litany OF the Saints
| and q first vote Is cast. This over, the
fathers retire to their apartments and
breakfast At o'clock i'll the afternoon
they again meet in the chapel for a second
ballot, If the first has been unsuccessful,
after which they dine and retire again to
silent meditation.
NO CARDINAL may leave except by per-
mission of the conclave itself, in case of
severe illness; but Cardinal coming from
| a distance can enter the conclave after the
| closure IL he claim the right to do so within
three days OF his arrival in the city. Every
actual Cardinal has the right to vote. even
| if he lie at the time under sentence OF ex-
| communication.
THREE MODES OF ELECTION.
As to the election, the papal law recog-
nizes three valid m0des-by scrutiny, by
compromise and by quasi inspiration or
reclamation, This last method is, as the
| record declares when all the Cardinals
| with sudden and harmonious consent, as
| though breathed upon by the Divine Spirit,
| proclaim some person Pontiff with one voice
| wit bout previous canvassing or nego-
tiation whence fraud or irsldious sug-
gestion could be surmised.'
St. Fabian was the first Pope elected by
reclamation. According to the eccesi-
astical legend the Cardinals saw a dove
| alight upon the head Of the slint. and they
| took this bird for the Holy Ghost sent by
| God to show His will in the matter. They
| Immediately obeyed the Divine injunction
| by elevating this chosen OF the Lord to the
dignity of Pope,
Election by compromise is when all Of
| the Cardinals agree TO intrust the election
| TO n small COMMITTEES Of their number.
THE SECRET BALLorINo.
But election by scrutiny that is, by
ballot ia the only one in usage in our time.
A majority Of two-thirds OF the number
| of Cardinals present is necessary to choice,
| and no Cardinal present can refuse to take
| psrt in the vote II any member Of The
Sacred College is confined in his cloister
| by sickness it has been decreed by a special
| bull OF Gregory that committee OF Cardin-
| ais shall he appointed TO take his vote.
The ballot is secret under the theory of
| protecting the dissenting Cardinals, in
| times of partisan excitement, from the
hatred and revenge of the new Pope. Each
| separate balloting IL divided into three
periods-before, during and after. Ballots
| with blanks for the name OF the candidate
voted for are taken into the conclave be-
| fore it's closure. The ballot box is the
cha,ice which has been used in the mass.
First the Cardinals prepare their ballots,
Disgusting their handwriting that it may
not be recognized when the votes are
counted. The ballots are carefully sealed and
| the seal which each eector uses must have
| only one emblem, such as bird, plant,
or a flower, that he alone NAV be able to
! recognize IT, The ballot is folded in three
| eouii parts On the first fod the Cardinal
| writes his own name; he then turns down
| this part. and seals il On the second part
| he writes the name Of his ca9ddlts turns
il down. and seals il with his special sal
He then brings up and s'aIs tae third fo'd
The ballots being prepared three Cardl-
nals (scrrtatorsi are chosen by lot TO
count them.
EACH PRAYs AS HE VOTES.
Then comes the second phase Of the
ceremony. the voting. Each Cardinal, be-
shining with the Dean, takes his ballot
bet ween the index finger and the thumb
Of the right hand and advances with the
arm upliFted to the altar. Before It he
kneels. saws short prayer, then rising