davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Special Districts to Borrow Money

Laws were enacted authorlNiih,s, rrow
following school districts u
money: poos
Special school district of Atkins IVY
county clarendon.
Special school district OF ol''
Monroe county. -, coun-
ty. H., COM
Special school district of Rocky W.
fort. xroldron.
Single school district of " ai''s
Scott county. -, Ruren,
Crawford county. ,,,oneyille,
Special school district of BooN''
school district of Poeanhontas'
dolph county. panton. So
line county. - -TaIpss
Special school district "a
Ridge, Lawrence county.
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
worlds Fair Exhibit

bill introduced by Senator prica
the louisiana Purchase Exposition al a.
auulhs the commissioner of ninas
mah9tacture and agriculture 10 ~
Wofld $ fair commission " lIe
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

SECRETARY Of State
of ~ oi't was passed placing -.
annum. '@te at 81 254 'ary
Salaries of County on....
of p aan,,, We're passed fixing thu
Prairie county. county as follogs'
judge, 5000 per annum. ana probs,.
1eli county. county and -
$1,000 per annum. probate ju1,.
ind Bfadi sEoo county. county and -.
Pope county. countv
judge. $1,000 per annum ana pro5at,
Eleventh Judicial circTi,
ographer. $1,000 per annun '''lcial sten.
Madison county. countv
judge, S15C par annum. ana proba,.
:, MlssiSsipp, county.t county a.,
bate judge. $1,000 per annumy and pro.
bats 'i indye =, S 99969nty. county and
Sixth judicial district or,
rapher. $500 per annum. id' steh0g.
Marion county. county -
clerk salary and fees. $500 sou Circuit
Ghieot, county. county and =,
judge. $1,000 per annum Hdbsts
Boone county. clerk OF oor..
probate court, $1,000 per annunaN aud
if, $4,000 per annum. un, saes.
jackson county. circuit clerL :,
per annum; county clerk t5aos lsA
anuum; sheriff. $1,000 Der an y-,eey Pet
rector. Sl,5O0 per annum; treasnraaa' col
per annum; assessor. $500 ner as ss9l
lard county. circuit clarL uan
per annum; sheriff s. 000 mn .4s90
assessor. 5000 per annum " ahhan,
Benton county. county Judge -.
per annum. se' @leea
Little River county. county and -,
bate Judge. 300 per annum. "''u po-
Searcy county. county and nj.
Judge, 5000 per annum probata
Desha county. county and
judge. $1,000 per annum. PROBATE
Carroll county. recorder sf,v
lor recording deeds or mortgages ssas
Ashley county, county and -.
Judge, $1,000 per annum. p'ooaIs
Independence county, eircpi,
500 per annum; county court cie.AA
S2,lu0 per annum. assessor ssoS I'm
aHnum and one-half OF fees ARISING pst
the assessment Of DELINQUENT ,a axom
treasurer, $500 per annum. s''
Firth judicial circuit stenogra,h..
$1,000 per annum. apAe''
Monroe county, county and n,at.
Judge $1,000 per annum. f'o0d's
Ninth judicial circuit. stenogr,,...
$500 per annum. 9'apAei'
Phillips county county and nroh,..
judge, $1,000 per annum a''
Drew county. county and r,o....
Judge $500 per annum p'90a'e
Clark county. county and nrob,,.
judge. $1,000 per annum.
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

Mr.. Campbell of Pulaski introduced =
$4,000 for the purpose of ~
ttne erection OF monument at I,jttia
ROCK TO the memory of the Confedcra,te
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Protection of Game.

\ bin. introduced by Mr. DeRossitt.
prescribed the closed hunting season as
follows: Quail and partridge Febru-
airy Is to November Is; deer and fawns.
February l to September wild turkey
May i to September /. 1t also pro-
hlbits non-residents of the state from
hunting fishing or trapping at any sea-
son of the year. Sheriffs are made
game wardens in their respective coun-
ties, and deputy sherffs are made dep
uty wardens. Shipment of game from
the state is made unlawful. A fine of
not less than $50 nor more than slo0
the law
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Eeward Tor Capture Of crimipaI

the governor appropriating SiO0 ~ n,t.
reward re cr to j l. White for the capture
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Collector of Arksnsa, County.

\ bill by Senator Price was passed
requiring the collector Of Arkansas
county To pay over to the county treas
urer all taxes collected for the road
districts, except those embraced in
cities Of the first and second class. and
requiring the treasurer u pay to cities
of the nrst and second class. and re-
quiring the treasurer TO pay TO cities
all money belonging TO them
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

T. auditor OF state was authorized
To refund 10 the University of Arkan.
sas the sum OF $500 enormously pad
into the state treasury by Washington
county and tn. CITY of FavettertIs
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

Mr. Whitley was the author Of bill,
making II unlawful TO sell. barter or ex-
change or have possession Tor that pur-
pose any buck. doe. fawn, wild turkey,
grouse. prairie chicken. quail or par
fridge or any other kind Of game, wild
fowls or birds.
For Protection of wild Turkeys.
House bill 81. introduced by Mr.
Scrimshire. prohibits the catching or
killing Of wild turkeys by means OF
blinds or by batting or 10y means of
pens. trap doors. trenches or dead fails.
and imposing a fine of not less than
twenty-five nor more than one hundred
dollars for violation of the law.
Mississippi County.
4 hill by Mr. Hale prohibits the kill
ing for the purpose Of selling or pur-
chase or shipment for sale of any deer,
turkey or wild fowl of any description
in Mississippi county.
Deer in white and Jackson.
a bill introduced by Mr.. Crisp OF
White. prohibits the chasing Of deer
with dogs in White county and Bowen
and Glaize townships in Jackson county.
Hook and Line Fishing.
\ bill introduced by Senator Logan
prevents fishing except with hook and
line in Madison. Carroll, Washington
and Benton counties.
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Relief Of Tornado Sufferer,

senator simpson introduced n III,
w W ~ appropriated $500 for the reiinf
81 sursters from a tornado in Van an
ieH' S4ebufAe and White counties.
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

Senator Matlock introduced a .iII
winch authorizes a levee tax Of r,.r
cent on all lands subject to overflow in
the Lihwood and Auburn levee districts
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Chinese or. English Pheasants.

4 bill by Senator Logan prohfhits the
Killing. injuring or transporting from
the state of any Chinese or English
pheasants.
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Providing for New Leyee.

A bill introduced by Mr.. Allen of
Clay authorizes the board Of insne1tort
TO order a ditch constructed, ana on.
hali mile more or less of new love.
quit AT the south end of tho layee now
Tohstructed on the west bank OF the ST
frahcls river, and authorizes the issu.
ahce OF bonds to provide for cost OF
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
LOCAL BILLS.
Time for Payment of Taxes Ext.nau

bill introduced by Senator Smith
was passed extending the time of psy.
ment Of taxes in Crittenden county fo-
state. county. school and road Dur.
poses until May 9. on account of tbs
flooding OF the county by the ovsr.
TOW of tie MississinnI rln.r
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
GAME LAWS.

number of important measures reg
ulating hunting and fishing were PASS
Sed; Those by Messrs. DeRossitt and
Whitley We're the most stringent The
following We're the hills nnssed.
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
APPROPRIATIONS.

Inc Following appropriation hills
were passed and became laws: N'''f
Confederate Monument
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
support of State Militia

OF CalroH approprates $500 for ~
n n,iP{iptiat ana maintenance Of the state
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Regulating Lis Pendens Notice.

II. b. CO, regulates the notice of Ii
nendens and provides that the plain
tin in a suit of equity affecting the it'll
or any lien on real estate or persona
property shall file fer record a motto
OF the tendency Of such suit
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
GENERAL BILLS.
Child Labor Prohibited.

House bill 1919. introduced by Mr..
Kerwin. was directed against the en-
ployment of child labor in the factories
of the state. The act provides that no
child under twelve years of age shall
be employed in any factory unless a
widowed mother or totally disabled
father is dependent on the labor of the
child. or unless the child is an orphan
and has no other means of support.
1t provides that no child under ten
years of age shall be employed in a
factory under any circumstances Own
ers of factories are prohibited from
working children under fourteen years
of age more than ten hours per day or
from employing children who cannot
read or write. Every child under four
teen must attend school twelve weeks
of each year. Punishment for the VIC
lation of the law is fixed at fine of
not more than S50O
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
United states Granted Jurisdiction.

4 DIT. introduced by Mr. Weaver
was passed. ceding to the United States
government jurisdiction over the
United States JAN, hospital and CEN.
etery at Fort Smith
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

An act introduced by Mr. Parks was
passed appropriating S2.o.1S for school
district No. in Lafayette county. to
from the state school fund and with
held because of the loss of the emu
meration report of 1902 in the mails.
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
cosnty Roao co,nrnissioner,.

Senator Logan was the author Of n
bill providing for the appointment or
county road commissioners by the
county Judge and majority OF the
justices Of the peace in each county.
Regulating Sale of Explosives.
bill by Senator Gotham prohibits
the sale Of dynamite. giant powder.
nitro glyCerine or Eun-cotton without
taking a certificate from the purchaser
showing the purposes for which the
same are to be used.
Towns Nay BE Consolidated.
Senator King was the author Of a
bill which permits two municipal cor
porations separated by not more than
one mile to consolidate after the same
has been submitted to the citizens of
the corporations in special election.
transportation of Prisoners.
All sheriffs are required to transport
speedily to the penitentiary or state
convict farms or camps. all Convicts
sentenced in their counties all neces-
sary expenses TO be paid by the finan-
cial agent of the penitentiary.
Exempting Cotton Insurance Companies.
A bill by Senator Gotham exempts
cotton factory insurance companies
from the insurance laws of the state.
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Local Restrictions

Buns We're passed prohibiting the sale
OF intoxicating liquor in the following
Within three miles Of the Prcsbvte-
ran church at Rocky Comfort
llhln three miles Of the public
scHooi or Athdown, Little River county.
of Hartford f1'''0 9'i'o'i
Within ten miles Of Hendrix college
Within five miles of Sloan-Hendrtx
Academy, Imboden. ii'i IA
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Regulating Granting Of Pardons.

bill introduced by Senator Wood
which became a law without the gov
ernors signature. is intended TO regu-
kite the granting OF pardons. 1t pro-
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

Senator Gray was the author of a
bill which permits husband and wife
To testify against each other in all
cases in which injury has been done by
either against the person or property
of the other
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
REGULATING SALE OF LIQUOR

a number of bills regulating the sale
OF Iquor were passed most Of them Il
prevent the sale Of liquor within a pre-
scrlbed distance of certain schools or
churches. They are as follows.
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Tax Collector for Greene County.

The office of tax collector. in Greene
county, was created. the collector 10
be elected and hold Office as other couh.
" officers
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

Secretary Of CO..

hcers were fixed by and county =.
follows: ~ laws enact o..
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

- The state lands donated to the ST
francis levee district We're exempted
from state and county taxes for n
PERIOD OF ten years by a bill of Senator
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Election Of Improvement Boards.

H. B. 1853. by Mr.. Fuller of Carroll
declares the offices of members OF I'M
provement districts in Carroll county
vacant and provides that the boards
shall be elected by the city councils Of
c!tles in which the districts are located
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
COURTS AND LEGAL PROCEDURE.
Husband or Wife May Testify.

The following laws were enacted
which affect the courts of the state O
the legal procedure in the same:
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
RAILROAD LAWS,
Rest for Employees.

Railroads and their employees are af-
fected by the following laws. which
were enacted.
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Rogers in Second Class.

II. B. 532. introduced By Nj Funk,
confirms the advancement Of the town Of
Rogers, Benton county. 10 a city OF the
second class
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

A bill introduced by Senator Norwood
appropriates $4,000 for the purpose of
building annexes to the state luoatic
ASYLUM.
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Salaries Of County o~

A Oh! was passed pIaclnS
o on, Ing secretary Of state a. ne !sala
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Protection of Public Funds.

bill by Senator Wilson prohibits
state or county officers from using any
official funds in their possession or
ioaning the same to any one.
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Against Insurance Companies.

providing tnat in actions against as
sessment or mutual insurance compa-
MES by any policy holder or beneficiary
II shall not Toe necessary to summon
the other policy holders or beneficial
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Municipal Regulation Of Prices.

SENATOR Caldwell was the author Of
bill which provides that city or towr
councils may upon complaint OF fiNo
citizens. regulate the price to bt
charged for water, gas or electricity
and providing a fine of not more thar
$500 for violation Of the law. each day
to COnstitMte a seIarnie nffemsn
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Madison County Salaries

=, an act or 1901. modifying the fenc-
, ,,.s,a ois1Flct law as to Drew county, was
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

A bill introduced by Senator Caldwell
prohibits any railroad over thirty miles
in length from requiring any trainman
who has worked sixteen consecutive
hours To again go on duty until he has
had eight hours rest. except in cases
of wrecks waShoutS
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Regulating Insurance Policies.

A bill. introduced by Mr. Parks pro-
hihtts any insurance policy from CON
tanning any provision or condition
beneficiary Of right to trial by jury on
any question of fact arising under such
policy
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Annual District Elections.

II. Il. S65, by Mr.. Cook of Chicot. pro
vldes that annual district elections
shall be held by the school directors as
Judges, and If any judges do not attend
the assembled voters may choose
judges.
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

A bill by Senator Norwood authorizes
all special free school districts to bor-
row monew for the erection of build
ings.
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

House bill $50 required that all rail
roads keep separate waiting rooms in
depot buildings and shall keep the same
open day and night. shall keep them
comfortably heated and supplied with
pure drinking water
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Requiring Eunter Depot opened.
SCHOOL LAWS.

The bill affecting the common
SCHOOLS of the state which became laws
are as follows:
Course of gtudv for co,n,on Sohoo,.
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
st. Francis Bond Issue.

eiH by Senator killough authorizes
me s. Francis levee board to issue
Inns , 70 an amount not exceeding $3.50
tie lcVee nance VI
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
ACTS REPEALED


Inc following acts which had been
were repealed: ''''
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Collectors to Report Deiinquents.

a bill. introduced by Senator Hud-
dleston. was passed requiring that the
collector shall. within seventy days after
the 10th OF April of each year. fur
nish to the county clerks a report of
all delinquent or insolVent taxpayers
in his county with the amount due from
each. The list shall be published for
two weeks in Il newspaper and posted
in the elerk.s Office for one year.
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Little Red River m.

90 a phi was passed repeating an act
NJ Wod iSso. hNlng the salaries of officers of
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Expenses OF Railroad commission.
Relief of Drouth Sufferers.

y bill was passed. appropriating $25.-
sos for support of the railroad commits
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Must Give Names to Assessors.

NH by senator Hardy compels all
persons, companies or corporations to
give the names of their agents. ser
wants and employees to the tax assess
ors. sherilfs or tax collectors
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
sTOCK LAWS.

| erning the running at large of stock.
construction of fences and other mat
tiers connected with live stock.
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

bill introduced by Mr.. Tarver. di-
reefs the state superintendent Of public
instruction to prepare and distribute t.
the various counties graded course of
study to be used in the common school
districts of the state. and prohibits him
from designating any textbook to be
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Completion OF state Capitol.

bin. introduced by Mr. Merriinan of
Pulaski, provides for the completion
Of the state capitol building on the
site Of the old penitentiary; that the
bulldlng shall not cost more than one
million dollars and that for the pur-
pose Of carrying out the provisions of
the bill board of capitol commission
srs OF hNe members, shall he elected
by the senate and house in Joint sts-
sion, The bill was passed over the gov
cruOr'S veto
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Special Election in Jefferson.

\ OIL was passed ordering a specia
election in Roberts township. Jeff.rsol
county, to vote on the question Of III
cenSe" or .no licenee,, -
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

An appropriation was made to repay
money advanced 10y certain persons for
the relief of drouth sufferers in this
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Expenses of General Assembly

H. b. 539 introduced by Mr.. Parks.
appropriated S30 600 for the per diem.
mileage and contingent expenses of the
general assembly
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Hogs in Desha District.

Senator Gotham was the author of a
bin which makes il unlawful to permit
hogs to run at large on the public levees
in the Desha levee district in Desha
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Building of Sidewalks.

\ law was enacted giving the coun-
clls of cities of the first and second
class. power to compel the owners oi
property TO build and maintain side
walks and curbing and designate the
Kind of material to be Msad-
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Employees Paid on Day of Discharge.

Senator Hardy was the author of a
bill which became a law, requiring rail
road companies To pay discharged en-
ploYes the full amount of wages due on
the day of discharge and on failure to
do SO the wages of the employe shall
COntinue at the same rafe until mid
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Protecting County scboo,
Fencing Law in Drew countv

school funds 'N NoHH'
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

Dill introduced by Senator killoueh
gives the St Francis levee board now
70 leNN a tax on the increased value of
lands IN the district estimated to ac-
Clue from the protection of the levee.
tHe TAX not to exceed 6 per cent of the
increased value or cents per acre The
assess nent of all railroads and tram
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

An ordinance of the town o. Y H
dale establishing an improvement u
trict was made valid.
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
For Federal Buildings.

n bill was passed giving consent for
he purchase OF land by the United
states for federal buildings. and ceding
IlrlSdiC ion the
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

\ bill was passed uniting school dis
trict No. 10 in Hampstead county and
scho3l district No. II in Howard coun-
~. the same to be known as Saratoga
special school district
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Kegulating Mussel rishing.

bill introduced by Mr. Myers made
IL unlawful to fish for mussels between
April and June So or to use at any
time any instrument the point of which
might enter the flesh of the mussel and
DESTROY II.
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Jurisdiction Extended.

A bill by Senator HuddlestOn gives
chaneery court. concurrent jurisdiction
with circuit courts in the removal of
disabilities q m
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

An act of 1901. to compel cornorz
tiGns to redeem script. punchouts :
other evidence of Indebtedness i'm ca {
70 lar as 1t applies TO Lafayette cour
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Creates Labor Day.
County Boards of Health.

A law was enacted empowering coun-
- judges TO appoint county boards of
kealth. who shall be authorized to order
the isolation of any persons suffering
from cOntagiOu diseases
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08

law was enacted imposing an in
heritance tax of per cent ON all prop
erty passing 10y viii or by mites Il
laws other than to grandmother, grand
lineal descendant. brother, sister. OF
any child thereof an adopted child OF
any heir of an adopted child of descend
ant
The Forrest City times. [volume] (Forrest City, Ark.) 1871-1919, 1903-05-08
Blacksmiths and wheelwrights.

BY a bill introduced by Senator
simpson, wheelwrights ana blacksmiths
are given a lien on the productions Of
naired by thnnn