The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1903-07-21

the direction of moderation which greatly
contributed to increasing the influence OF
the Vatican abroad. From the very outset
the new Pontiff displayed the greatest IN
terest in the social questions agitating the
world of to-day, and in an encychcal issued
in December, 1878. appealed to the inteiiec-
tual forces of Catholcity TO contest the
propaganda of doctrines which his Holi-
ness described as subservient of social or
der, abiding especially to the Socialists IN
Germany and the Nihilist movement IN
Russia.
POLITICAL ACHIEVEMENTS.
The cooperation afforded by the Pope to
the various governments in opposing the
growing forces of social democracy paved
the way for the settlement OF disputes
existing between those governments and the
Vatican, both spiritual and civil authorities
being, as it were, called upon to merge their
differences and make common cause against
the common enemy. The first great political
achievement of the Pope was the settle
ment of the differences with Germany,
which had given rise to the famous Kultur-
kampf.
The rapid spread of anarchistic doctrines
in Germany and the attempts made upon
the Emperor's- life in 1873 induced Prince
Bismarck to make approaches to the Ultra
montana party to secure their support Tor
his economic policy. Herr Falk, the IA
nous author of the May laws, was remover
from office and other concessions were mace
to the Catholics Finally diplomatic rela-
lions with the Vatican were resumed, ana
the late Emperor Frederick: then crown
prince signalized the restoration of an har-
monious understanding by. visiting the
Pope at the Vatican. still greater trlp-
ute was paid by Germany TO MS Hoiness
by her selection of him as arbitrator In the
dispute with Spain regarding the Caroline
islands and her deferential acceptance or
| his decision in favor of the weaker power.
ffAx, fn6f
! pope to declare his readiness to act as ar
| bitrator in other disputes for the dement, OF
| the whole of Europe and of Christianity.
| but for this his Holiness declared 1T to be
| essential that he should be restored his
| liberty as an independent temporal sover-
| eign. This demand, however, met with 10
| response as far as foreign powers were
| concerned, and the hopes which had been
expressed in some quarters that the Ger.
| man Emperor's visit to the Pope In 1888
might lead to Germany advocating the tenn EN-
| moral claim of the Holy See were soon dis
! sipated The Pope himself, In letter 10
| the German bishops, declared that ne re-
! garded the presence of Emperor WnnaI,
| in Rome as the guest or the Qulrlnal as
| "a deplorable recognition of accomplished
| The interests of the triple alliance were
not compatible with those or the ta asfard
| to offend Italy by espousing the rope
| cause. although the Emperor Francis 10.
| seph abstained from visiting king HumD ssi,
r -, the legality of the Italian occu-
| patton.
POLICY IN REGARD TO FRANCE.
| perbaps the most remarkable feature OF
| the late Popes policy was the change IN
the attitude which the Vatican had hitherto
| nraserved i'm regard to the. French republic
At the beginning of Pope Leos reign the
| identification of the clergy with the royahs
movement, which gave rise to Gampettf
| famous remark LIE Clerical isme VOLTA
rennemi'' had caused an antagonism to al
that savored of religion which at one time
| bid fair to lead to the early separation o.
| church and state in France. Alive 10 tns
| danger of the situation, the Pope sough
| TO conciliate the republic by acknowiedg
ing il as the established legal form OF gov
| eminent. and in 1891 the late Cardinal Law
| gerie gave expression to his Honfess views
ON this subject. to the great surprise of thu
| Catholic press and the perturbation or not
few members of the French episcopate
While thus engaged in political negotia
tons with various countries IequiIhs TN
Pope paid special attention TO the actua
work of propagating the Catholic faith am
no pontifical reign since the Reformauol
has witnessed such recrudescence OF "a
| fholicisu or such an extension OF the spir
| itual dominion. OF the Catholic Church, es
neciallv In English-speaking countries "A
| an example of this may be cited the numer
Gus pilgrimages which came TO the Eterna
from al, all parts If OF the sn eelebraton Den
% Iss7. OF the jubilee of the Pope's ordina
| ton to the priesthood. The jubilee servic
In ST. Peters on this occasion was attend
ed by fifty thousand persons AT the mas
the pope used the golden ever and basi
| presented to him by the late Queen Victori
and wore q tiara given by the Emperor Q
Germany. His Holiness also wore mas