davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1903-11-20

ity with pale face, keep the head
low. A faint begins with paleness.
goes on with restlessness, a clammY
sweat on the face, quick breathing
and ends in a fall, and insensibility
The treatment is simply to allow
plenty Of free air access, to loosen
tight clothing, keep the sufferer fat
withoutany support for the head, battle
the face and hands with cold water
apply smelling salts, and, when re-
covered, give tea or coffee
Should Mr.. A. have an epileptic fit
he will fall unconscious, possibly with
a loud scream. and his limbs will
twitch In commissions and contortions
before he falls asleep Taking care
that he cannot damage himself
against furniture or anything, kneelng
at his head, place an arm beneath his
neck, loosen his collar, prevent him
from biting his tongue by putting
something between his teeth, and, with
out restrai lining him, or forcing him to
drink, await the sleep that will come.
Now, in an apoplectie fit the face,
instead Of being pale, is flushed, the
pupils of the eyes are of unequal size,
and the body may be paralyzed on one
side. In this case you keep the head
high, and, IL possible, carefully and
gently get Mr.. A. to bed. He must lie
fat, must be kept warm, should have
hot water bottles at his feet, cold
cloths to his head, and on no &C
count must he be given stimulants.
No stimulants; this is of utmost i'm
pOrtance. As In all cases of insensi-
bility, the doctor should be summoned
A fall or a blow gives Mr. A. con-
cussion. He lies insensible-his pulse
only fickers feebly. and his breath
can hardly be heard He must be laid
absolutely fiat, his clothing, as before,
must be loosened, fresh air must DO
allowed to surround him and he must
be left In perfect peace He must be
kept warm with blankets and hot
water bottles, and cold water may be
applied to the head.
Then there is hysteria, which Is
more Hkeiy 10 duecl MIS-. UT MISS a.
than Mr.. A. 1t is a disease, not
feigned illness. and indicates loss Of
will power. She laughs and cries,
screams and kicks. Do not restrain
or sympathize. Flick the face with
wet towel; otherwise. leave her to re-
cover her will power.
Again, If our Mr.. A. walking in the
dog days, should suffer a sun-stroke
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1903-11-20
~
qEB9
A BROKEN LEG.


anything almost will serye-a cigar
box lid, the covers of wine bottles
and then these supports are firmly
bound with bandages, one above
and one below the injury. A
small arm-sling suspended around the
neck, supports. the hand OF the injured
arm. broken forearm IL treated In
just the same way; 1t is put into
splints, supported across the chest by
bread comfortable bandage, care
being taken to keep the thumb up
wards.
1t Is more serious matter If he
breaks his thigh, for this Is the worst
Of all possible breaks He should on
no account be moved until safely put
into splints. 1t Is wise first to pull
the leg very gently downwards, to
adjust the bones somewhat. then to
apply long splint. like broom,
from the armpit TO the foot. The leg
is extended, the heel down. The
splint IL made fast-not over the in
jury-and the legs are tied firmly to-
gether.
In the case OF broken knee-cap,
there is very severe pain. and the
break may be felt under the skin. The
knee must be Strengthened, and all
movements prevented by long splint
made fast behind the knee. This is
very nasty accident, and surgical
treatment Of the most expert kind will
be needed.
As to broken ribs, IL there is bleed
ing from the lungs. 1t is a bad case.
The inexperienced can do no more
until the surgeon comes, than TO keep
the patient quiet in bed, giving him
small pieces OF ice to suck, TO stop the
bleeding. or sips OF cold water But
when II is simple fracture. 1t is
necessary to bandage the chest COM
pletely with a binder. wound round
and round, to support the ribs, with
out interfering with the breathing.
II Mr. A. ia of a pugilistic DISPOSE
ton, he is able to suffer from
broken jaw. In this case you stop
any bleeding by putting Ice, II pos
sible, In his mouth, and simply place
a pad beneath his jaw. and de 1t fast
with . bootiace, or any other ban
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1903-11-20

dage that comes Ia hand. carried
around the head.
Hardly any break can be more seri-
Gus than one involving an injury to
the spine. In the spine lies the spinal
cord, which is continuation of the
brain-hence an injury causes a loss
of the power movement. Ii the bone
of the spine be dislocated or frac-
tured, or the spinal cord damaged or
displaced-all that can be done Is to
keep the patient absolutely fat and
still, warm and comfortable until the
skilled doctor comes. But the accident
may occur. say, on a hunting field
miles away from anywhere, and 1t
may be essential TO remove the suffer
er. Then he must be laid gently on
a gate or a door, and carried to shell
ter, but on no account must the spine
be bent
To improvise stretcher on which
10 carry an injured man is the easiest
thing. Coats or sacks laid on any
thing In the shape of a shutter. or q
ladder, make a comfortable bed. When
carried, IT must be kept level and the
bearers must take care to march with
"broken steps," that Is to say, out of
step with each other, with a gliding
movement with bent knees. A great
coat serves as an excellent stretcher.
The arms should be turned outside In.
and all the buttons fastened. When
Ant. I'M sfxld
through the arms. the patient may be
carried on the coat very comfortably.
Now let us suppose Mr.. A.. dislo-
Gates his joints There are three kinds
of joints In his body, and very beau
tifuly they work-hlnges, firstly. like
the joints of the fingers, toes. elbows,
knees, ankles, and wrists; ball and
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1903-11-20
WHAT TO DO IN CASE OF ACCIDENT.
BY AN AMBULANCE EXPERT.
PEARsoNs MAGAZINE,

set the bone properly. This simply
means putting the broken ends Of the
bone In the best position to heal by
the natural process. II the presence
Of a doctor 10 out of the question for
days this you may have to attempt
yourself-though. II you have had no
experience. 1t Is a bad lookout for
Mr.. A.
In case of compound fracture. the
place must be examined Immediately
the bleeding stopped. and the wound
cleared of all dirt. r1nsed well with
water preferably that which has been
boiled first and allowed to cool, to
which little antiseptic has been ad-
ded. Then dress the wound with a
pad OF lint dipped In carbolic oil. and
bandage as before. Or remove the
dirt with a dry cloth. and apply a
dry rag. so that the blood shall wash
the wound 1t will form into clot
natures plaster-when the place Is
to be firmly banda ged.
This main treatment is to be applied.
In modified form. to all kinds of
broken bones. Mr.. A. breaks a collar
bone His shoulder falls forward
| downwards, and inwards, and he is
noticed to support the elbow of his
injured limb with the other hand. A
touch Of your hnger detects the break.
At once you put a broad pad-a GIN
GERBER bottle, or its like, serves ex-
| ceilently-beneath the arm-pit of the
injured side, which extends the up
per arm, and the broken outer part OF
the collar bone. outwards, away from
the side; and then, when the arm Is
put into broad sling, the weight IL
taken of the shoulder by the raising
of the elbow. This bandage is fasten-
ed around the body and above the ell
bow, another Is applied In such a
way that all movements 10 prevented.
1t is very simple. and the patient Is
thus at once made comfortable. Re-
mains, the setting OF the bone; a case
for DR.. Sawbones.
Or Mr.. A. breaks his wrist. II the
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1903-11-20

knee. Put a handkerchief or pad
behind the knee, and bend the leg
back to the thigh, tying 1t tightly
This kinks the artery" and the thing
Is done.
Or suppose he Is bleeding from an
artery between the elbow and the
hand-if pressure applied to pad
put into the wound will not stop It,
then a pad may be put into the ell
bow. and the forearm tied back tight
ly to the upper arm. This method
also viii serve to stop blood flowing
In the palm of the hand is best doctor
ed by bandaging the fingers firmly
over pad placed on the wound, ty-
ing the bandage round the wrist.
1t is useful to know how to make
q bandage for fastening round wounds
or broken limbs, for supporting arms
and hands, or securing dressings In
their place. A piece Of linen or calico,
forty inches square, cut diagonally
from corner to corner produces two
excellent triangular bandages," which
can be put to hundred purposes. The
most awkwardly placed wounds are
easily dressed with such bandage.
II Mr.. A. for example, suffers from
q cut on the head. here is very
simple way to make him comforta BILE
When the wound has been dressed
and clean pad placed on it. a large
handkerchief is spread over the head
dropping well down over the face
Then a triangular bandage is tied
around the forehead and back of the
head, well down, and the four corners
of the first outspread handkerchief are
gathered up and tied on the top of
the head In good reef knots. A
granny knot" is never permissible In
ambulance work.
Or suppose that Mr.. A. has received
a cut on the shoulder. A pad is plac-
ed on the wound, and three handker.
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1903-11-20

Is a good deal more than meets the
eye.
To begin with breaks. suppose MI
A. breaks a bone. Possibly he laments
SO loudly that you think no Is sham
ming. How are you TO make sure
about the broken bone? First, there
is necessarily certain amount or
pain, though 1t may not be severe;
but a surer sign IL the loss of the
power of movement. If 1t Is limb
bone that Is broken. the limb will be
helpless. The part will be bruised
and swollen perhaps badly discolored.
its shape and position will be I'M
natural, there will be false movements
where no joints should be, and last
ly, there is ''crepitus." the curious. I'M
mistakable, grating sensation when
the broken parts are Joined and rub
bed together.
The golden rule is ''gentleness. You
convert a simple fracture, simple
break OF the bone, into compound
fracture, when the mIscles and skin
are broken also so that the bone be-
comes visible Mr. A. must on no
account be moved until the broken
part Is put into supports or splints.
Even IL you doubt whether there Is
q fracture II does no harm and Is
wise precaution to put the part into
splints-in case 1t should be frac-
ture.
At once, then. put the patient into
q natural position. and apply splints
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1903-11-20

sockets, as where the round hip or
shoulder bones work in sockets; and
pivots, the arrangement where one
bone moves round on fixed pivot
bone, allowing the head to be turned
on the spine, and the turn Of the wrist,
beautiful movement, perhaps not
generally appreciated
A dislocation is like a fracture
there is pain, and alteration In the
shape Of the part injured-but instead
of the more than usual power of
movement, as In a fracture, there is
less. The deformity in dislocations
Is very marked, more 80 than when a
bone Is simply broken In two. There
are simple and compound dislocations,
as In fractures; but the sure sign that
an injury is a dislocation. and not a
fracture, Is the absence of ''crepitus"
there 10 no grating Of the broken
ends Of bones
What must be done? Generally, one
can only make the patient comfortable
until surgical aid arrives. If Mr.. A.
u
Joint Is forced back on to the top of
the next-a common Academia sud
den smart pull when he is not looking,
and his muscles are not therefore pre-
pared to resist, may restore the joint
to Its proper place; but to do this re-
quires moral bravery and physical
strength But usually, If doctor ca n
be called In soon, all that should be
done Ia to put the injured part into
splints and bandages and apply hot
fermentation. II the arm is dislocat-
ed, secure it firmly to the body with
sling; If the leg, put into splints,
and tie the two legs together.
The reducing of the dislocation, the
returning of the bone to its place,
is eminently surgeons work; but OF
course 1t may be necessary for the
friend in need to try his hand at the
task where no doctor is available. He
must study the exact direction In
which the bone must be moved. and
probably great force will be needed 10
put It into place. 1t is very difficult
operation, and surgeon would prob
ably administer chloroform before
submitting the injured part to the
rough handling necessary.
If Mr. A. sprains his ankle you will
note that the pain Is great, there is
swelling. and, later. discoloration.
Fortunately, the treatment is simple,
Always support a strain; the part
must be raised never allowed to hang.
Perfect rest is essential; on a sprained
ankle you should never walk a step.
Cold water poured on relieves the
pain-or lotion composed of equal
parts of methylated spirit and water,
applied to the place on a folded hand
kerchief BY elevating the part the
blood is drained away, and the intol-
cradle throbbing pain lessened A
well padded splint will prevent any
movement.
bad sprain. like all other severe
injuries, causes shock
In the case of shock The signs
are pale face, cold body, feeble
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1903-11-20

plication of carbolic oil, for instance.
as a dressings essential. The wound
must be thoroughly washed, rinsed,
and cleansed from all foreign matter,
and the bleeding must be instantly
checked. The old-fa shioned plan of
applying eobwebs Is utterly to be CON
demned-they are liable 30 carry the
germs OF lockjaw. Pressure is the
only remedy for bleeding, pressure be-
tween the wound and the heart.
1t is important to know II the blood
Is flowing from an artery or from a
1t is matter of life and death to
act promptly, and efficiently. There Is
no difficulty in deciding. Blood from
an artery is light red color, and comes
and simply oozes quietly forth.
Fingers first" is the golden rule
when an artery is cut, and with fin
gers and thumbs the flow from the
artery, between the wound and the
heart, must be absolutely stopped.
Then a tourniquet must be applied, an
arrangement consisting first of a pad
to press on the artery, bandage over
the pad, and some means, such as a
stick. with which the bandages may
be twisted up so tightly that the
artery is firmly compressed.
A piece of cork, q fiat stone, any
thing hard will serve as pad In
emergency, and for bandage, a hand
kerchief, belt, tie-almost any
thing will do-that may be fastened
around the pad. when placed in posi-
ton over the wound. Looping the ends
of the bandage outside the knot, a
stick is passed through the loop and
twisted round and round. just suffi-
GENTLY to stop the bleeding, not a
whit more.
When a cut is not very serious, a
pad, put into the wound to which
pressure is firmly applied. and which Is
securely bandaged, will probably stop
the flow of blood. In some cases 1t
may be stopped by natural method
of pressure. Thus, suppose blood is
flowing from an artery below Mr.. Al
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1903-11-20

or a heatstroke, take him TO COOL
place and. removing tight clothing
pour cold water over his head from
height, afterwards getting him to bed
in a cool, darkened room, with Ice
or cold water cloths to the head, ana
administer Stimulating tea or conee'
For frost-bite cold water is also the
cure, or snow rubbed on the frozen
part Never apply heat.
If Mr.. A. catches fire, at once ron
him in coat or rug or whatever
comes handy, to extinguish the names.
If he otherwise burns or scaids7i hihl'
self, apply linen soaked in oil to ths'
Injury, covering the dressing WIN
flannel or cotton wool TO utterly tx
clude air, and never must the clothes
II they adhere, be torn Off
But there must be some limit u
Mr. AS ailments. Let us finally SUMO
cate him with gas. and hang him Dy
the neck from tree. Air. fresh, CIR
culating air, is needed in both cases
Carry him to fresh air. and at ones
loosen his clothing.
Laying him fiat on his back you
now begin the work of artificial res
piration. Briefly summarized YOU
proceed thus: The tongue must 10
pulled forward, and held (by ahotne,
friend in need, If possible) outside INV
mouth, SO that II does not block 'ns
air passage. The shoulders are ralseu
by pad of clothing. Kneeiins a.
the head, facing the feet you e'"'p
the arms below the elbows, ana pres
them up and over the head, WIN w
elbows almost touching the glo"n''
This allows the air to enter the lehse
and must be repeated about Sixteen
times to the inmate,
So soon as breathing begins, the ie9.
and arms must be rubbed vigorous!
upwards, until circulation Is res'oi1n
and Mr.. A. is In fit condition 10 ~
stimulants.
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1903-11-20

A little knowledge may be danger
Gus thing-yet II may well save life
In an emergency. The man who knows
that a certain poison Is good to take
for a certain sudden Illness and yet
is hazy, as to the correct dose. Is
liable. II he trusts to his little knowl-
edge, TO do damage; on the other hand.
the man who can lay his fingers In
simultaneously on an artery may keep
life In wounded friend whom. II
left to himself. death would claim
inevitably In half minute.
Let us proceed to imagine. without
more ado, all manner OF emergencies,
and to state the best thing to be done
in the circumstances. For the pur.
pose Of argument, let US take the case
of an ina ginary Mr.. A. and forthwith
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1903-11-20
A BROKEN THIGH.

doctor Is far away, pull very gently
on the hand. to bring the bones into
their natural places, and then apply
spllnts, the inner one from wrist to
elbow, the outer from elbow to
knuckles. fastening very carefully,
and applying bandage encircling
the palm. With a broad sling to
rest the hand, Mr.. As comfort is as
sured
Or Mr.. A. breaks his upper arm.
Without removing the clothes you APP
ply short splints. reaching only to
the elbow, so that 1t may be bent,
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1903-11-20

and not a second is to be lost If life
Is to be saved. If Mr.. AS windpipe
should be blocked, lay him fiat down
at once, with his head slightly raised
and force his jaws apart. Then. with
the sensitive tip of your fore-fnger-
not on any account with button-hook
or the like-feel your way to the far
back OF the mouth, at the side, and
sweep your .nngertip across the root
of the tongue, hooking the food or the
thing that is choking, forward. 1t
Is the simplest and the best way.
A rough and ready means for get.
ting thing out of the throat is To lax
the sufferer face downward, and
thump him heartily on the back. Food
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1903-11-20

outside the clothing. or better. TO the
bare part, ripping up the clothing as
carefully as possible without airy heed
to raiment. Anything does for splint
that will keep the bones In their prop
er position. and the broken part rigid
newspapers, walking sticks. broom
handles, umbrellas. billiard cues,
pieces Of wooden boxes. cricket bats,
swords-anything solid. almost. II
possible, place padding cotton. wool,
anything soft-inside the splints. and
tie In place by handkerchisfs, ropes
string, straps. ties. braces-anything
handy--ons above, and one below the
seat of injury. This Ii the general
doctrine.
Now make Mr.. A. as comfortable
a. possible until the doctor comes to
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1903-11-20

break nearly all the bones In his body.
dislocate bis joints, sprain his ankles.
cut him about. sutrocate him, and
hang him-leaying him after every
round. 80 to speak. comfortably laid
out, awaiting the skilled hand OF the
practised doctor.
In case of an emergency, do all
within your power and within your
knowledge, and send for the doctor
this is the golden rule. Do moth
ing without knowledge. and always
send for the doctor: for the damage,
In nine cases of accident out of ten,
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1903-11-20
msDt goes hand in hand with the spe.

cial treatment for the injury.
Cuts need the very promptest at
tention. II an artery is severed, its
owner may bleed to death within half
a minute. No wound Is too trifiing to
be carefully treated at once. A scratch
with a pin may we'll introduce germs,
with fatal results =
Prompt antiseptic treatment-an ap-
Walker Lake bulletin. (Hawthorne, Nev.) 1883-1926, 1903-11-20
-bits of nsh and the like-,s.t s,3o,.

bits Of nah and the like-tAa. ssicks
in the throat can often easily be pullsd
out with a pair of sugar-tongs.
fish-bone stuck In the gullet can bs
washed down sometimes with gulns
of bread and water, or it may be sofo-
ened by the swallowing of vinegar
In the case of fits and faints. this
is the law. In all cases of insensibi1.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1903-09-17
Cases Before Supreme Court.

The fall term of the supreme court
which convenes at Grand Forks this
week will see some interesting and
important cases argued. The calendar
of cases for the term has Just been
prepared by Clerk Hoskins Of the SUI.
preme court. Twcnty-seven appeals
are filed in one class Of cases from
Williams county, where ranchmen and
farmers brought suit against the Great
Northern Railroad company for dam.
ages from fires alleged to have been
started by the engines of the railroad
company. The appeal is from an or.
der Of Judge Cowan refusing to com.
pei the plaintiffs in the cases to make
their complaints more specific. The
plaintiffs alleged a general defective
construction of the engines, which
caused the fires. The railroad COM
pany seeks to have them state in what
exact particular the defect lies.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1903-09-17
Friday, Sept. II.

Officials and men of the Baltimore
and Ohio are discussing grievances of
the men.
The headless body of an infant was
found floating in the Mississippi river
near Minneapolis Thursday afternoon.
Bob Fitzsimmons and Con Coughlin,
the "Irish Giant" have been matched
to meet in a six-round bout before the
Industrial Athletic club of Philadel-
phia on the evening of Sept. Is.
The fourth annual convention Of the
United National Association of Post
Office Clerks at Nashville, Tenn, ad-
journed after selecting st. Louis for
the next convention and electing Off
GERS.
1t has been announced at the treas
ury department that former Mayor of
minneapolis William Henry Eustis is
to be given an appointment on the
board of appraisers at the port of New
York
The annual report of Commissioner
of Pensions Ware places the total
number Of pensions now on the rolls
at 996,545, of which 729.356 are SOL
diers and 267,190 are widows and de-
pendents
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1903-09-17
Grand Forks, ". D.
GERMAN SYPup

We want to impress on our readers
that Boschee's German Syrupis positive
ly the only preparation on the market
to-day that does relieve and cure con-
sumption. 1t contains the specifics, such
as pure tar, extracts of gums, ETC., which
have been SO highly endorsed for the
cure of coughs, colds and consumption
by the great medical congresses. The
consumptive, whether his disease is in
the throat or lungs, must have rest at
night, and be free from the spasm of
dry and racking cough in the morning.
The diseased parts want rest, healing
and soothing treatment, and the patient
needs fresh air, good food, etc. German
Syrup will give free and easy expectora-
ton in the morning with speedy and
permanent relief. Small bottles, 25
cents: regular size, containing nearly
four times as much, Is cents. At all
druggists.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1903-09-17

Development of the Walking Stick.
Probably the patriarch's staff was the
first adaptation of the walking stick.
and from it's first inception to the pres
ent day it has undergone almost end
less changes. In 1901 footnen attend
ing gentlemen were forbidden to carry
swords. these being replaced by por-
ters staff. Thirty years later gentle
men were forbidden to carry swords.
but allowed to carry large oak sticks.
Before many years vanished and pol
ished woods with ornamental heads
came into use and in one form or an
other have held their own in public
popularity.