davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1903-07-02
Notice for Publication.

Land Office at Minot, N. d.
July LIST, 1903.
Notice is hereby given that the following.
named settler has filed notice Of his intention
to make final proof in support Of his claim,
and that said proof will be made before Zeno
Bruegger, clerk of district court of Williams
county, at Williston, N. D., on August 9Th,
1905, viz: = 5sas' N, .>a.azs.a
SENECA BROWNELL, h. E. 1899,
range lOl.
He names the following witnesses to prove
his continuous residence upon and cultivation
of said land, viz: ~ ~ ,-E7 y, =
Joseph Brown, W. E. Presby, g. NJ. Thomas,
H. E. Field, all Of Williston n. d.
july2 r. c. SANBoRN, Register.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1903-07-02
Summons.

summons.
State Of North Dakota In Di EisSth Court
County of Williams, Judicial District.
w. H. Shaw, Plaintiff,
Nettio c. Shaw, Defendant
The State of North Dakota, to tho above
named defendant: r.
You are hereby. summoned to answer tho
complaint in the above entitled action, which
will be fled in the office of the Clerk of the
District Court of tho Eighth Judicial District,
in and for the County of Williams and State of
North Dakota, and to serve copy of your
at his Office in the town of Williston, in said
county and state, within thirty days after the
service OF this summons upon you, exclusive Of
failure 10 appear and answer. judgment will be
taken against you by default for the relief
demanded in tho complaint.
Dated June nth, 1903.
w. B. DIVERSION,
je11t6] Plaintiffs Attorney, Williston, N. b.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1903-07-02

FOR RENT.-25 acres Of old land, %
miles from W,lliston, will be rented Oh
reasonable terms. Inqnite-at the Graph
ic Office. J. W. Wilson.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1903-07-02
For Sale.

Being called away on other business l
offer my bowling alley, including lot
and building. for sale at bsrRain. For
terms and price. inquire at the allev.
81 Henry Shaffur,
Williston, N. D., June "A, 1908.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1903-07-02

Frazier Carter returned Saturday from
y weeks visit TO ST. Paul and Mime
spolis.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17
TOWN TOPICS.
TRINITY CHURCH.
INSPIRING EASTER SERVICES.

INSPIRING EASTER SERVICES.
The Easter services at Trinity open.
ed on Sunday with Holy Communion
at 6 a. M, when a good number were
present and enjoyed an inspiring ser.
mon from the rector.
Cat the II O'Clock service a very large
congregation was present, the choir
giving fine musical program. The
decorations consisted of Easter lilies.
potted plants and palms, and were Civ
en- by friends in memory of departed
relatives. Rev j. H. George gave an
eloquent sermon from Exodus Y: 1921,
ana the theme, "The Christian Pass
oyer Mr. George took occasion to
In their gift to him. The offering was
Tor missions, $50 being received.
The children s service at 4.3O was a
beautiful one and largely attended. 1t
was a shortened form of evening
prayer with questions and answers on
st Matt. %: lilo. The special feature
OF the service WasIallarge cross in black,
which stood in the chancel at the be-
ginning. AS each class was called on
for their offering they brought up
letter made Of evergreen on white
background, which was placed on the
cross. These letters were the initials
Of some attribute of "The Risen
Lord" When the letters were all
placed on the cross it presented a
white cross with the words, "Christ is
Risen" The offering amounted to
$15.
There will be Holy Communion, Sun
day, at 10 a. m.
On Saturday at 2.3O there will be
Easter party in the parish
rooms, with games, the dyeing of
Easter eggs, and refreshments.
Next Wednesday evening at 7.3O
Rev J. H. George will hold service at
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

The BotSford Hill road is in very bad
shape-some parts of it dangerous. If
the road contractor for that district
does not patch it up soon, there will
be trouble brewing for the town. So
says party who has had occasion to
try to get over it this week. There are
two roads that lead from Zoar district
to Teddy Hill. Take your choice of
roads, and before you get half way
there you will wish you had taken the
other one Come on, Mr. Contractors,
hook up your teams and start repairs
before planting tjme-[~
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17
THE y. NJ. READ CO.
ESTABLISHED
House Cleaning Utilities.


With all
Brushes which
CONNER cleaning.
Lnghanded up
Short-hndled Dust ndupI ~ ' r
Brushes hongbi
Brushes 25and5O
Feather usersf
Fancy Dusers
woody lean washed
hard odh
houshol
Cross
Polishing
Of
shoudse
Iron tn hes of kind invented
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

W. johnson found land turtle a
few days since, which cannot possibly
lose itself. 1t bears the initials L. p,
II, presumably carved by Lewis H.,
adopted son of Mr. and Mrs G. H. Peck.
Under these were the initials G. B. J.
&c. B. Johnson), '87, W. J. Nv. G.
JohnsOn), '89. The marks were renew
ed, additional dates laid and the turtle
released.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17
A PERFECT PLOW.

1t was Leroy Plow'' that plowed that
rough new land W thout breaking. 1t was a
''LeRoy Plow" that. plowed the hard dry
ground where others failed. 1t was ''LsRoy
Pillow that plowed that sticky clay and made
work easy for man and team. It was a lie
Roy" Reversible Pillow, that plowed the steep
sidehill. 1t is Leroy Reversible Pillow that
will do good work on nat land, doing away
with all burrows, leaving your land level and
suitable for all crops. For sale by W. B.
Clever. Newtown, Conn.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

The pastor, Rev William Ross, will
not move his family until next month,
when the weather is more settled. He
morning and evening, coming from
Sea Cliff, L. I. Rev Mr. Ross was a
guest at Mapleton over Sunday.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Lawrence Lillis, John Kilbride. Mr.
and Mrs Frank kIlbride and John Nc
Namara of Passaic, N. J., were in town
over the Easter HOLIDAYS.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

st Roses church was crowded at the
morning service, Easter day An I'M
usually fine musical program was pre-
Sented.
Mass will be said at St Stephens
church, Stepney, next Sunday, at IL
a. m.
Rev Patl lex Fox went to New York,
Wednesday night.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Mrs George Yakrous, who has been
Ill, is now able to be about again.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

John Clark returned on Monday
from a visit at Warwick, N. Y.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Their household goods are on the way
and they expect to be soon settled in
their new home.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Miss Idella Campbell of Norwalk
and Harold Sawyer of Bridgeport pass
ed Easter as guests of DR. and Mrs R..
N. Belts.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Tree Warden T. J. Corbett has an
interesting and important notice in
another column. Read it.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Mrs James M. Blackman is spending
few days in PasSaic. N. j.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Patrick Blake and Thomas Mcclure
of Jersey City were in town for the
Easter recess.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Morris Beers moved to Derby, last
week, where he will be employed in a
meat market.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Thomas Halligan of Bridgeport has
been engaged as night operator al
Hawleyville.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Jerome Platt of Dodgingtown lost {
valuable COW, recently.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Miss Elizabeth Leavenworth was on
the Street, Monday, for the first time
in several months.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Mr. and Mrs Pike and son of Bridge
port have been guests of Mrs Johr
Cav.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

John H. Keane of Bridgeport was
in town for Easter Sunday.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

NOTICE-The parties who borrowed my jack
~ screw several months ago must return 1t
or call and pay for the same. Earl H. Gar
lex, Rox bury, Conn.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

George Robson is having a piazza
built on to the south side of his house.
P. f. Heating sold a horse to John
Beach of Monroe. this week.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Miss Edith Quackenbush returned
on Monday to her school duties in New
York state, after spending Easter with
her parents in Sandy Hook.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Mr. and Mrs A. w. Fairchild spent
Easter in Stamford, guests of DR. Rob-
ert Fairchild and A. @. Arnold.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

The Gospel meetings held in Taun-
ton under the leadership of Miss Lord
have been well attended and some have
better life. May the good work 60 on.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

COLLECTORS NOTICE-Notice is hereby
" given TO the taxpayers of the town of Sher-
man that have received the tax rate book
and warrant to- collect the taxes on list of
1902. For the purpose Of receiving said taxes
l will be at the store of William B. dawley
Saturdays. April Is and 25, from O'Clock to 5
O'Clock p: m. Interest at the rate Of per
cent will be added and COLLECTED on all takes
remaining unpaid May !. 1903. Frank Hun
gerford, Collector. Sherman, April l, 1903
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Miss Maggie Bradley of Hanover
was found dead, Thursday morning.
Medical Examiner Schuyler was called
who pronounced death due to heart
disease. She was about 40 years old.
A sister, Mrs William Mcnamara,
died a short time ago.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17
HoWLAND's

With Easter oyer and
dressmakers once more
able to ''turn round"
comes the thought of
summer dresses, of the
thin silks and fancy COT
tons that'll be so grateful
under the blazing sun of
July, of the jaunty, COM
Portable shirtwaists, of
the comfortable walking
skirts. With that thought
let this one go hand in
hand:
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

TURKEY EGGS For sale. Mrs L. R. Skid
i more, Newtown.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17
THE PROBATE COURTS.

DISTRICT OF ROxBURY ss Probate COURT
~ April 49, 1903
Estate Of Charles G. Lewis, late of Rox-
bury, in said district, deceased.
Tho Court Of Probate for the District Of
Roxbury, hath limited and allowed months
from the date hereof for the Creditors OF said
estate to exhibit their claims for settlement.
Those who neglect to present their accounts,
properly attested, within said time, will be
said Estate are requested to make Immediate
payment to CD Burton Hodge,
Executor
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Master Frank Elliot has been con-
fined to the house with hard cold.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Mrs M. Honan of Taunton has been
i'll, this week. and under the doctors
care.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

John and James Finnell of Bridge
port passed Easter Sunday with their
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Gustave Carlson disported himself
amid the scenes of the Park City on
Saturday.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

P. F. Heating has this week pur
chased from D. K. Colepaugh his com
plete turnout, consisting of horse, bug
gy and harness..
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Jerome Platt of DoGgingtown has
been having his house newly painted
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

DR. Gordon, John R. Peck and H. T.
Coger we're in the Park City, Wednes-
day.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Rev G.. Herbert Johnson of Monroe
preached at the Fast day service at
the Congregational church, last Friday,
when the Lords Supper was celebra-
ted. He gave helpful and inspiring
discourse.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Mrs George Scoheld of Bridgeport
passed Easter Sunday with her family
in Taunton
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Mr. and Mrs l.. w. Lloyd arrived
from Brooklyn, Wednesday evening
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Funeral Director P. F. Heating has
a new horse, bought of Mayor Theo-
dOre Wheeler of SOuthbury
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17
METHODIST CHURCH NOTES.

METHODIST CHURCH NOTES.
The pastor, Rev William Ross, will
| not move his family until next month,
when the weather is more settled. He
is expecting to preach next Sunday,
morning and evening, coming from
Sea Cliff, L. I. Rev Mr. Ross was
guest at Mapleton over Sunday.
Miss Elizabeth Leavenworth was on
the Street, Monday, for the first time
| in several months.
George Robson is having a piazza
built on to the south side Of his house.
P. f. Heating sold a horse to John
Beach of Monroe: this week.
Morris Beers moved to Derby, last
week, where he will be employed in a
meat market.
Jerome Platt of Dodgingtown lost
valuable COW, recently.
Thomas Halligan of Bridgeport has
been engaged as night operator at
Hawleyville.
L
been having his house newly painted.
P. f. Heating has this week pur-
chased from D. K. Cole paugh his COM
plete turnout, consisting of horse, bug
gy and harness.
Rev G.. Herbert johnson of Monroe
preached at the Fast day service at
the Congregational church last Friday,
when the Lords Supper was celebra-
ted. He gave helpful and inspiring
discourse.
Mrs Cornelius Sturges returned, Sat-
urday, from Pawling, N. Y, where
she has assisted in the care of an aged
father.
Mrs George Scoteld of Bridgeport
passed Easter Sunday with her family
in Taunton.
Mrs M. Honan of Taunton has been
ill, this week. and under the doctors
care.
Mr. and Mrs Pike and son of Bridge
port nave been guests of Mrs John
Gay.
Master Frank Elliot has been con-
fined to the house with hard cold.
Mr. and Mrs A. w. Fairchild spent
Easter in Stamford, guests of DR. Rob-
ert Fairchild and A. @. Arnold.
The Gospel meetings held in Taun-
ton under the leadership of Miss Lord
have been well attended and some have
expressed determination to lead
better life. May the good work go on.
Miss Maggie Bradley Of Hanover
was found dead, Thursday morning.
Medical Examiner Schuyler was called
who pronounced death due to heart
| disease. She was about 40 years old.
A sister, Mrs William Mcnamara,
| died a short time ago.
Gustave Carlson disported himself
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

NOTICE-Having leased q. L. Minors shop
~ am prepared to do all kinds OF blacksmith
ing. carriage and wagon work of all kinds.
Shooting of lame horses a speciality. All work
guaranteed prices low. Henry Fourier,
SOuthfOrd Conn
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Mrs Cornelius Sturges returned, Sat-
urday, from Pawling, N. Y, where
she has assisted in the care OF an aged
father
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Clinton Hayott rides new bicycle.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

FOR SALE casks first class cider at b. P
+ Merwin's. Aspetuck. Can be bought there
or address 9. L. Smitlley, Stepney Depot, CT.
DOR RENT-And eventually For Sale a nice
farm containing 70 acres, OF which there
25 acres under cultivation. two acres Or
chard. 20 acres valua BILE timber land, and the
rest pasture. The buildings are in first class
condition. Stables for Is cows and three horses.
The farm is located on the Bridgeport Derby
highway. miles from bridgeport; miles
from Derby. in Huntington township. For in
formation write or call at 800 Brooks Street.
Bridgeport, Conn. The farm is excellent for
garden trucking.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

The line of wall paper offered by
Taylor, Curtis & Co. is especially at
tractive and up-to-date.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

DR. Belts had an addition built on to
his house, with new chimney, an iron
stack, put up by E, J, Hall,
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

DOR SALE-At' "A T. Camps. Hawleyville
l. Apr. %. one car load OF f1eshy steers one
car load of COWS, two year steers and heifers.
one car load of yearlings. steers, heifers and
bulls. l. Z. Brown. A r. Qamn.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

DOR SALE-Two good mich COWS, also year.
l. ling Holstein bull, or exchange for heifers
or dry cows. due in summer. Address, A. S
Edwards. Nichols, Conn.
EOR SALE-1 new mich Jersey COW i've years
old and a good one. all right in every way
and will make two pounds of butter day
Thomas 0, MurDhV. ROtSfOrd. Conn.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Michael White, who has been i'll for
10 days, was able to be out, Wednesday,
for the first time.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Taylor, Curtis s. Co. have a fine line
Of dried fruit: apricots, peaches, etc.
Their line of canned goods is OF the
finest packing, every can being war;
ranted.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

John W. Dayton, Edward Taylors
popular clerk, made flying trip to
Danbury on Tuesday.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Charles Hawley is putting in the
foundations for new barn.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

WANTED-Cattle to pasture on the Sher-
w wood Adams farm i'll EaSton. E. S. Will
liams, 2. o.: r. F. D. No ), bridgeport, Conn
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

DOR SALE-FOur young heifers. due this
L spring; also one OK cart. H. g. Sanford,
Bridgewater,3Ct.
DOR SALE--New mich cows and heifer: also
one three year old colt. q. B. Buckingham
New Milford OF
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

WAMI cA girl as cook and laundress.
G. NJ. Rumble, % Fairvew avenue. Danbury
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

F. E. Burwell has secured a run
about wagon of the popular Sandy
Hook dealers. A. M. Briscoe & Son.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Daniel Hall is grading about his
property and laying tile for drainage
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

VNANTED-A reliable man with family to
w take charge of milk farm. Gall or adj
dress Estate Horace Smith, 954 Park avenue.
Bridgeport.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Mrs J. H. Warner finished moving.
Wednesday, to her new home in the
Belts residence.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

NOTICE Il forbid all persons harborng my
~ hus band, Aaron B. Albin, on their prem
ises, as he has home to go TO- Mrs A. B. Al
bin Branchville. Conn.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

HIGHLAND STRAIN White Wyandottes,
IL the big white kind. that can win prizes
and lay eggs. That's what we keep them for"
scrfption to soc poultry paper. 4 good one,
too. Address Highland Farm, Box S9,Shelton,
Conn.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

or year; pleasantly located, II miles from
trolley on main road Danbury and Bridgeport.
Plenty water, fruit, eight-room house. barn.
shed, etc. Reasonable terms to responsible
party, Address, George E. Starr. Il. d. "a.
Bethel. Ct
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

WANTED-To pasture. IS or 20 head of cat
w tie on we'll watered land Frank Drapeau,
Brookfield. P. o. Address: Route 2, New Mil
ford, Conn.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

DOR SALE-e top buggies. open buggy, 1
L pneumatic tired buggy, business wagon
alsOI pacing mare with record Of 23o. Peter
Il. Lynch, Long Hill, Conn.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

Rev James Taylor leaves on Satur-
day for his new parish at East Meadow
l.. |. The church has 100 members
and has Sunday school of over 100.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

A family named Lewis have moved
into Thomas Maguire's place.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

E. J. Hall has the contract for plac-
ing the new heater in the South Brit
ain Congregational church.
The Newtown bee., 1903-04-17

To make young chickens thrive feed
them the international stock and
poultry food. 1t saves the young fowls
from disease, keeping them in a good
growing condition.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1903-03-13
WILL COME.

Failure on the part of the legisla.
ture to enact a new legislative ap.
portionment bill does not please the
people of this and several other coun.
ties who had reason to expect better
treatment at the hands of that body.
With a voting population of over 1900
and which will be increased to 1000
at the next general election, the coun-
ty will still be entitled to only. one
representative in the lower branch of
the assembly. There are counties
in the state with but little more than
half the voting population that have
two. members of the house. and there
are cases where counties have three
members to the same voting popula-
ton which in Yellowstone is allowed
but one.
The failure Of the passage of a new
apportionment bill is in no way at
tributable to the attitude of the mem
bers from Yellowstone. They
had hoped until the adjourn
ment that the inequalities of rep
resentation would be corrected.
The same. complaints made in Vel
lowstone go up from other counties
treated as this is. and the men who
are really responsible for the unjust
and unfair representation in the leg
islature will probably be called to
account should they again ask for po-
litical favors from the people.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1903-03-13
WHERE ALL AGREE.

In their disappointment at the fail
ure Of the legislature to vote an ap
preparation for a state exhibit at the
st. Louis exposition the newspapers
Of Montana, regardless of politics, ap-
pear to have found a common ground
for consideration of the eighth legis-
lative assembly. No matter what they
may think in regard to some of the
other omissions and commissions of
that body, all seemingly are agreed
that a mistake was made in that re-
spect. All are also agreed that some.
thing should be done to rectify that
mistake and that the only way to do
it is to raise the needed money by sub.
scription and trust to the next legis-
lature to reimburse the subscribers.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1903-03-13
is A DONATION.

Without manifesting a spirit of glee-
fulness at what seems to be a disap-
pointment of the procine ~proclivities
for which the state capital has gain
ed a reputation, earned or not, it
looks as though a majority of the
newspapers of the state are OF the
opinion that Helena will have TO worry
along for a few years more without
having a state fair as a regular fall
attraction to lure the visitor into Last
Chance gulch for a week or so. After
quoting Section l of Article XII of the
constitution the Muscular arrives at
the conclusion that a parallel exists
between the subsidy voted for a fair
and the attempt by the legislature of
a few years back to vote a bounty
fund for the encouragement of the
sugar beet cultivation. The section
quoted acted as an effectual bar to
the scheme and in the opinion of the
Missoulian the $4,000 that is to be
given for creating and maintaining
an exhibition of big pumpkins and fat
hogs is equally as much of a donation
as was that proposed to be given to
the raisers of beets.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1903-03-13
is NOT JUSTIFIED.

Some of the eastern newspapers that
like to deal with figures and occasion
ally leave the dry field of statistics to
take a learned whirl at the law of
cause and effect are just now paying
attention to the announcement that
the railroads are preparing to enter
into the race for higher prices by a re-
vision of freight classifications pre-
paratory to a raising Of schedules. AS
they put the case there is absolutely
no justification in, the anticipated
boost of rates. They say that the
Elkins law prohibiting rebates, to
which the railroads are giving strict
compliance, and the increased profits
bound to accrue from an abolition of
the system of giving passes to ship
pers are in themselves elements Of
possibilities for greater earnings that
should more than Offset the increased
operating expenses incident to a raise
of wages of employees. AS they figure
the matter the advance, in wage
amounts to an annual expenditure of
about $40, 000, 900. This they claim the
rebate account will fully offset, leaving
the extra money to be made in the
increase of freight rates to be placed
to the credit of the dividend account.
While the figures may represent about
the right quantities, the railroads will
probably decline to avail themselves
of the good opportunity presented to
squeeze a little more out of the ship
per.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1903-03-13
GETS BACK AT THEM.

Considering the way in which they
have been treating him during the
last few years and the discourteous
and %irreverent manner in which they
have become accustomed to speak of
him whenever the occasion arises for
any allusion to that really great and
wise nan and hero, it would be in
teresting to know the feelings of the
democratic editors of the state when
they read that part of Grover Cleve-
lands address at the Beecher
memorial meeting in which he said
that hero worship was proper and
should endure as long as man endured.
They must have experienced a feeling
of queerness when they struck these
lines: LET us believe that there Is
no adder symptom of a generations
bad moral health than it's lack of
faith in it's great men and it's loss Of
reverence for it's heroes" They may
have eased their c%onsciences by ac-
cepting the reservation the distin-
guished man made in the next SEN
tence as applicable to himself, bat
for all that a guilty feeling must have
possessed them.