davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Western news., 1903-10-28
POULTRY YARD PICKINGS

Never keep ducks, geese or tur-
keys with the chickens.
Correct feeding means much to-
ward successful keeping.
Early hatched pullets are the most
profitable winter layers.
Give the fowls n variety of food. in
cludng some animal food.
High feeding is more than half
the rule to early maturity.
Laying hens need more food than
others-see that they get it.
Gull out all the poor LAYERS, and
give the good hens a chance.
Chickens of different ages should
not be allowed to run together.
The roesting house should be well
ventilated but free from drafts.
Good stock and good care are the
keys to successful poultry raising.
Filthy yards and houses invite dis
ease, and are sure to cause failure
For fertile eggs the hens should
be in perfect health and condition
II fowls are forced to stand in the
filth and mud. they will not thrive.
The litter should not be neglected
and allowed to decrease in quantity.
Milk is par excellence the best Of
food for young chicks and old fowls.
Commercial Poultry.
The Western news., 1903-10-28

with very little hand labor. 1t con-
slsts of platform 6XS feet. made of
inch boards well cleated at the ends.
piece Of 4xGinch pine 6 feet s
inches long is nailed across the mid
die Of the platform on the under side.
This cross piece is first rounded at
both ends, and the remainder half
rounGed. On 2foot scaffolding
placed on the girders directly under
the fork track the full length of the
NOW, slotted blocks made of 2xG-inch
stun are nailed at intervals of 6 feet.
In tAese the cross piece under the
platform rests and moves freely. It
Is tL,ted and held in place by guy ropes,
as shown in the cut. and NAV be moved
along tie NOV as desired. 1t is neces-
sary to have at least 10 feet between
the fork track and center of platform.
When forkful Of hay strikes this
slantln" platform it shoots off to one
slde and is we'll scattered instead of
falling in a heap under the track
Rural New Yorker.
The Western news., 1903-10-28
BRACE FOR END FENCE POSTS.

oak post, cut notch three or four
inches deep, six or eight inches from
the bottom of the post. For an
anchor take a piece of oak five by
eight inches by four feet in length,
and place it as shown in illustration:
this need not be nailed to the post,
and can be placed in any position
after the post is set in the ground:
pack gravel firmly around the post,
1t should be set not less than five
feet in the ground; cut a notch one
inch deep 12 inches from the top Of
the post for the brace, for which use
a four by six, ten feet long. placing
one end on fiat rock inclined toward
the post, as shown in the illustra-
ton, as it furnishes more resistance
to the pressure of the brace, which is
downward and forward, a one-half-
inch iron rod may be used from the
lower end of the brace back to the
post, or four or five strands of No.
wire, if wire is used, be
sure 20 draw the wire as tightly as
possible before twisting them. A
large post, if set properly in this
manner, will hold any farm fence.
The anchor must be placed on the
front side Of the post, as the tend
ency of post brace in this manner is to
be pulled forward, and not being forced
backward, as many claim.-T. G. Shir-
ley, in Epitomist.
The Western news., 1903-10-28
DIPPING FOR PARASITES.
There Ii No Other Successful Way OF
Removing Troublesome Pests
from Sheep.

Parasites Of all kinds are not only
injurious to the wool of sheep, but to
the health of the animals as well, and
dipping to destroy them should be re-
sorted, to wherever and whenever they
are present at shearing time. There
is no other way to remove the trou-
blesome pests except by repeating dip
ping, and sometimes it requires good
many to accomplish the desired end
Ticks will worry the thin, weak sheep
more than the strong ones, and they
seem to congregate on them in such
numbers as to cause their death.
Sometimes the ticks appear on the
Sheep shortly after dipping. and the
impression is made that the dipping
did not free them from the parasites;
but this is IA mistake. The trouble was
that the ticks were in the sheds or
stables where the sheep were kept,
and by putting the animals back in
their infested quarters the ticks soon
covered them again. The living quar-
ters of the sheep must also be treated
with the solution by spraying and
washing and in this way we protect
the animals from Il future invasion.
a second dipping should follow the
first about ten days later, and the liv-
ing quarters should also receive sec
ond spraying. Sometimes where the
parasites are very numerous third
dipping and spraying may pay.-Bos-
ton Budget.
The Western news., 1903-10-28
HINTS ABOUT HORSES.

Plaster scattered on the stable floor
keeps down bad odors and purities the
air.
Don't a our horses feet in un-
skilled r" Good feet are spoiled
by bad :.
Keep orse feeling good by
proper / care and he will more
than repay you for the little extra
time you give him.
You can influence the shape of a
colts le%s by keeping the feet trimmed
IN proper shape, the same as you can
trim growing twig.
Have your horses teeth dressed oc-
casionaiy. A little attention given
to this will prevent so-called side
driver or ''puiler.' 1t prevents sore
mouth and assists masticution.
Tie your horse SO that he can lie
down comfortably at night. 1t is a
practice Win some groums to tie a
horse so he can't lie down, to save
work III cleaning him the next morn
ing.
Don't bring your horse in hot from a
drlNe II yon can help it; if YOU do. rub
MN thoroughly dry. slow Jog or
walk for short eistan.e before un-
hltchlng Will cooi ..sta. -. quicker and
save much Work.-Green' Fruit Grow
er.
The Western news., 1903-10-28
FARM HONEY HOUSE.
half that in Arizol

half that in Arizona. Everything here
has small leaves and small flowers ex-
cept plants whose roots can reach
water, SO the bees have to go to so
many more flowers to get their load
nat a strong stand will take three
weeks to fill up as much as they would
DO in California in one week Last
season took out 6,960 pounds from 54
stands which is about double what my
nelghbors got and they thought they
did very well. l use sheds and would
no more think of working bees with
out shed than would think of cook
ing out of doors. have tried both and
| know the difference. of course it
can be done so can the cooking be
done. I send you sketch of my shed
and dimensions. set them due north
and south with honey house at the
south end. The honey house is 12x76
with door at north end set my un-
Gaping table at south end and ex-
tractor southeast corner and run the
honey out through the east side of the
house into a sluice running south
feet to main sluice running west Q
inches wide. 2h deep lined with tin
and covered with glass and 12 feet
long, width Of the house. then turn 3
feet north to house so the main sluice
IS not shaded by the building just out
SIDE is trap. an oil can cut off to s
inches deep with q division plate ex-
tending down to within half an inch of
the bottom. The can is soldered to the
slulce SO the top is even with the sides.
IN the morning raise the glass. push
1t back and take out a little cake of
wax and any bees, flies ants or anv
thing that had got into the extractor
Is stuck fast and put in the sun strain
err. Nothing but perfectly pure honey
can pass under the plate and rise s
inches to the spout that goes into
tank inside the house.-E. w. Sinclair.
IN Agricultural Epitomist.
The Western news., 1903-10-28
VINE ON PIPE TRELLIs

feet above the surface. The arm ia
of wood two by eight inches by four
feet. 1t is fastened to the pole bv
six-inch piece of pipe passing tight
ly through hole in the middle of the
arm and fitting into the top of the
large pipe. The vines are cut back
to two main branches each winter.
The shoots which bear the fruit
start each spring and are allowed to
swing free, according to the principle
OF the Kniffin system, as in the illus
tration. The vines are cut back to
the two arms each winter, new
growth being substituted for the old
arms at the same time. Vines SO
treated give good crop, easily gath
cred and of very fine quality and ap-
pearance, and the training is less
work than by almost any other meth
cd. Another advantage is that the
vines may be cultivated in both di-
rections with no wires to interfere.
Iron posts, too, do not harbor in
sects and fungus growth.-Orange
Judd Farmer.
The Western news., 1903-10-28
HOW CORN ROOTS GROW.
Study Of the Subject Proves That An
Eerti1ixation Should he Through
the Surface Soil.

| It IS by looking closely, and 50 reach.
ing all the facts-in short, getting q
scientific knowledge-that we make
real progress in agriculture, as, in
deed. in almost everything relating to
nature. On the subject of the roots of
| corn writer in Up-to-Date evincea
such careful examination as we have
indicated. He directs attention to tho
fine thread-like roots near the surface,
as near as they can find both h eat and
moist soil. These roots, he says.
spread out horizontally and are almost
certain to be destroyed or pruned by
the cultivator shovels. AS the plant
develops and has more need for food
a second set of horizontal roots arc
formed, larger than the others. These
are the main feed roots of the plant,
and in loose soil they grow five to seven
feet long. If the condition of soil will
permit, these roots will develop at
such depth below the surface as to
De safe from the cultivator shovels,
but as they branch out into numerous
fine fibrous roots they actually fill the
fine, cultivated soil to draw food from
every particle, and only shallow culti-
vatlon will prevent injury to them.
Besides the two sets Of horizontal
roots as described, there are usually
two or more sets, beginning at or near
the base of the stalk as brace roots
and go straight down into the SUBJ
soil. They have been traced as deep as
four feet. These vertical roots have
few hbrous roots attached but serve
an important end in being able to
bring moisture from the deep soil late
in the season, when droughts are likely
to prevail.
AS will be seen the roots of the corn
plant develop as the top grows; also
an understanding of the root develop
ment suggests the method of fertiliza-
ton which should be through all the
surface soil, and not in the hill nor in
the row only. The cultivation should
be done so as not to interfere with the
roots that want to occupy the ground
prepared for them, yet at the same
time prevent evaporation of the mois-
ture by maintaining a surface mulch
of fine earth, by frequent shallow cul-
tiva ation.
The Western news., 1903-10-28
THE CARE OF HORSES.
Some Timely Hints About the Use OF
BandaGea After the Horse Has
Done Hard Work.

Bandages applied loosely over a
layer of cotton batting for one hour
after severe work support the small
blood vessels and absorbents in and
underneath the skin, and prevent fill
ing and stiffness, says the Horse
! Breeder. If allowed to remain on
longer they have the opposite effect
from what is desired After the
bandages have been on for one hour,
they should be removed and each leg
briskly hsnd-rubbed for five minutes.
This will do more good, by exciting
the absorbents to act, than four h ours
pressure on bandages, which will do
more harm than good. Banda ging the
legs would not prevent laminitis
! That is the result of predisposition
to rheumatism and also from not prop
erly cooling the horse out. It is not
necessary to walk horse out after
being logged. only after work out.
After a horse has been given fast
workout or fast heat in race and he
is very warm and persriring freely
you must cool his head off at once by
sponge and cold water, so as to change
the current Of blood away from the
brain, otherwise he might have
hemorrhage from rupture Of the
small blood vessels in the head. If,
after the finish of heat. the horse
does not perspire freely he must be
sponged all over with hot water. COW
cred with blankets. and be walked
until he sweats very freely. and great
care must be exercised in cooling him
out The surface Of the body must
always be kept very warm and dried
very slowly. He may have plenty of
cold water, but very little at time,
and while being cooled out little hay
also. He must not be fed grain until
he is perfectly cool.
The Western news., 1903-10-28
Get Rid of the Males

From the last of July to the mid
die of January a flock of hens do
much better without males among
them, and will continue to lay. They
are generally quieter, and ramble
over :he fields less, while they also
have more room and are better con-
tented. Some people make prac-
tice OF saving all the eggs laid dur
ing September and October to put
down in brine or some other preserv-
ative to keep for use when the snow
flies. If they are carefully handled,
stood on the small end, and kept in
a cool place, they will keep several
weeks without any pickle or pre-
serying.-Farm and Fireside.
The Western news., 1903-10-28
Correct Living II an Art.

There Is art in every ything-even in
living on the farm-according to q
well-known speaker at recent meet
ing of a Michigan farmers club. The
farmer needs to study we'll the art
of living, for Of oil men he is SO situated
as to best take advantage of ma ature's
aid in this direction. The speaker
urged every farmer in the country to
join q club. In which he could assist
in promoting the social relations Of
his fellows and more thoroughly en-
Joy the relaxation and recreation to
which he is entitled. This is part of
the "art Of living" on the farm.-Chi.
caeo Daily Sun.
The Western news., 1903-10-28
TREATMENT FOR LICE.
10 Neep Poultry Free from vermfn
70 as Esse initial to Success a.
Good Feeding,

While the food is important r. ia
not any more so than taking care 70
keep the poultry free from vermin
ms Is not hard task if taken in
time. Any of the lice killers used
ludleiously around the nests will Kin
the lice on the hens, but be careful
not 70 use them too freely. Years
ago killed some very fine turkey
mems by usin" too much. If YOU have
neglected to treat for lice before She
hatched, take the mother when she 10
through and thoroughly dust her
vain insect powder. Give her a
chance to shake the powder we'll out
or her feathers before giving her
the poults, for all vermin powder in.
Jures the eyes of little ones if il octs
INTO them. If the weather Is d,v
and warm take each pouIt and ruh
under the throat little thick ereor,
and if the wing feathers have st,,.t.5
OUT we'll rub them also, and put the
poults back under the hen uutil
thoroughly dry Now. don't mt
much on each part. Don't arease
with anything else if You have tho
cream, and that must be thick. If
you have none, then a very little
pure lard will do. Don't mix with
carpolic acid or anything else. A
Few moth balls in the roostirg places
Is as good as anything to keen ver-
MIN down after you once get rid of
them. Little turkeys must be keat
dry until they are well fcathe-ea
After the wheat is harvested they
wall take care of thems, Ives, but
they should roost near the ho1se If
they roost out one night something
may catch them. Mrs. p. G. Mackey.
IN Reliable Poultry Journal.
The Western news., 1903-10-28
varied Rations for u.r.

AN excellent plan to follow in feed
ing poultry is to give the birds wheat
one day, the following day oats. the
next barley, and SO on. A great deal
OF inferior grain is sometimes nur.
chased for fowls, which is a ris-
take. 1t is better plan to buy
the grains separately, and item =
IL Is the wish to feed the birds on
mixed grains. it can be easily done.
Although it may seem more expen.
slVe to buy the good grain, it is in
the end much cheaper. Corn should
be given only in small quantities. aud
then only. during cold wca ther.
The Western news., 1903-10-28
EXTRACTING HONEY.
Il IL Some Trouble to Secure 1t, But
Additional Profits Pay for the
Extra Work.

I got my early instructions in Cali
:ornia in 1878. My first lesson was
hat lazy man would make lazy bees
and know that to be SO. l prefer to
make extracted honey as there is more
profit in it. The bees that will make
100 pounds Of comb honey will make
$50 to 400 pounds Of extracted honey if
properly attended to. The railroads
charge twice as much freight on comb
honey as they do for extracted and
the dead weight is about double. In
California l have shipped 11A tons
from IS stands and their increase in
one season. and l did not use my meth
cd of rapid increase. but could not do
The Western news., 1903-10-28

AS resal' u experiments upon live
stock br. II. +. Armsby. director of the
experiment station of PennsyIyan;a
says that ae Ls.s found chat Il s1err IN
the respiration calorimeter I.se,s
weight a tae rate of four and b;.l T
ounces Il ee.y when standing up aua
gains al ti.e I@,u Of SIX and a haf
ounces Wen i u4y down. This is .
conhrmat-ou CT tAe theory tn, quiet
and conttnted animals make hest
gains. Dr. AFmsby says further thai
the heat generated in fattening ami
mails Is mere than sufficient for their
needs, ana that these animals do pot
need warm stables.
The Western news., 1903-10-28
Cuba. Farming Resources.

The Cuban Agriculturist in exploit,
ing the resources Of Cuba and ad ia.
cent islands claims that poultry and
bees can be grown successfully in con.
nection with coffee, and says the for.
mer breeds SO nicely and healthy on
the dry leaves under the coffee
shrubs, picking up cockroaches and
other obnoxious insects, that thei,
multiplication is very cheap and thei,
sustenance very cheap. The bee dnds
IN the coffee flower an abundant sup
ply Of honey.
The Western news., 1903-10-28
PIPE IRON TRELLIS.
Neat Low In Cost, Very Durable, ana
Does Not Harbor Insects and
Parasites.

Pole trellises of secondhand pipe
and boiler tubing have given satis-
faction here, being easily set up, neat,
low cost and apparently very dur
able. The pipe was bought of a
house wrecking company at three to
six cents per foot, sizes one to two.
inches across. They come in various
lengths, but are used as nearly as
possible in five to six-foot pieces. be-
ing driven two feet into the earth,
which brings the top three or four
The Western news., 1903-10-28
| @W.JN1
EARf\aG.|ARD|lE=N. y
@c::;- @:cs !>zsz !sM,,,, 1g. e235sS;ss7'Ss;
ANCHORING END POSTS.
Last and Stand Firm for . Very
Long Time.

In the setting of end posts one cam
not be too particular, for the life and
usefulness of fence depends prin-
cipally on them. If the end posts
do not stand firm one cannot expect
to have good, substantial fence,
even it other conditions are most ia.
vorable. First get a large post, not
less than 10 or IL inches square
Cedar or locust, if you don't want
to replace them in a few years.;
If you cannot obtain them, get good
The Western news., 1903-10-28
NoSs Delight in Mud uuths

The hog Is IA native of hot climates
where ills thick skin served as IA pro
lection against poisonous snakes and
e1her enemies Filthy quarters pro
VIDE hal 2oring place for mics and
vermlh, ffem Which they are with
dlfllcniiy Gsledgcd. The extreme
thickness Of The hogs skin also tends
to reta'n The body heat too closely
when pepRsd up in hot weather, otli
OF reach &. his natural protective ele.
ment-a @ai*t mud bach. The hng
that is free "a tjnd it we'll knows how
to ESCAPE from insect enemies; or il
o'efhe&jvff Ito Wallow hole. where
he VIII l"@@'"r his entire body in an
armor of mud, which when peeled O #
creams anu lIN ts0rates his skin.
The Western news., 1903-10-28
Sugar Eeet Pulp for She.u

w. II. G!leert, OF the Lansing mich.
Sugar company, says the Detroit Ere
Press, has reaped rich returns fro,
his experiment with sugar beet puI
as feed Tor sheep. He brought t.
Michigan from Montana several tbou
sand sheep, which he has been fee.
sng on pulp. At first the sheep did nc
take to the food and large numbe
died. After the pulp fermented an,
the sheep became acclimated they
took to the pulp and began to put on
flesh rapidly. A large number of the
sheep were marketed in Buffalo the
last OF March.
The Western news., 1903-10-28
60 1--WE e.
at42S|9:!91>ST0CIK
HAY NOW SPREADER.
A Clever COntrivance. Designed by
Wisconsin Man, That Does
Away with Hand Labor

Ahorse fork makes quick work of un-
loading hay, but unless proper care is
taken to tear the forkfuls in pieces
and keep the NOW nearly level.
great amount of hard work is required
to get the hay out. The cut, repro
luced from the Northwestern Acri-
culturist, illustrates a device used by
], b. Cleves. Of Wisconsin. which is
said to spread the hay about the NOW
The Western news., 1903-10-28
HANDY WAGON RACK.
indispensable on Farms Where Much
Hay or Green Fodder Has
to BE Handled,

In handling grain, hay or green
corn fodder. a low rack. similar to the
one portrayed, is a great saver of time
and labor One man standing on the
ground and simply drawing the corn
toward himself. can lay it upon the
table of the cutting machine without
STOPPING, or raising it up simply to Lay
it down again. The top of the rack
The Western news., 1903-10-28
MOVABLE POULTRY HOUSE.

and banked up little, thus securing
warmth. The truck wheels and axles
are parts of old machinery bought at
junk prices. The structure of the
house is as simple and cheap as pos
slble, but 1t pays to clapboard or
sheathe the sides if house is to be used
for winter. The only special feature
is the row of nests so arranged that
eggs can be gathered from outside
J. ID. Henry, in Farm and Home.
The Western news., 1903-10-28
THE CUTTING OF CORN,
Method Here Described Appears to
Save Lots of Labor and Prevent
Useless Waste,

We cut our corn with a horse and
think it is easier and faster than by
hand. Our method is this: Take the
boat that you pick up potatoes with;
II you have not got one make one at
once. 1t should be about feet wide:
the runners can be made of 2X4 inch
stuff, with the front ends hewed off so
as to run over obstacles A 2-inch
plank should be bolted on the front end
with notch cut in to hitch to, the rest
Of the top may be made of inch boards
nailed across the boat. To cut corn a
wing should be hinged on each side
slanting out and backward. We use an
old saw for these wings or knives, cut
ting it in the middle and filing the back
to an edge and boiling to the wings.
and using small box for seat. 1t
takes two persons. one for each row.
cutting two rows at once. We start
the shock by hand, cutting two rows
that the shocks are on, leaving four
hills for each shock, and allow ten
hills wide by five long. We tie with
rope with ring fastened to one end
of the rope; one draws the top of the
shock up while the other ties with
stalks, putting two bands around
each shock. In heavy corn five hills
makes an armful which makes two
armfuls' for each side OF shock. If the
corn IS light one should carry ten hills
which makes one armful for each side.
Not one of our shocks blew over that
we put up this way last year. The
fodder keeps better in large shocks
than in small ones. We pull the shock
over and husk in crates.-B. Shingle-
ton, in Epitomist.
The Western news., 1903-10-28
PORTABLE AND CHEAP.
For Moving About the Fields in Sum-
mer This Poultry Shelter Has
No Equal.

This style of house I have found
just the thing for moving about the
fields in summer. For winter use, it
is lifted off the trucks, placed on sills,
The Western news., 1903-10-28

n pen OF skim milk occasionally
win do much to make the hons
The Western news., 1903-10-28

Plaster scattered on the stable floor
keeps down bad odors and purities the
The daily morning journal and courier., 1903-10-21
Punctuation tn wriiiug.

To the Editor of the Journal and Courier:
 It is to be feared that the idea is be- coming common that punctuation is go- ing out of fashion. If it is it may be well to remember the solid sense con- tained in Guizot's letter to one of his nieces: "All punctuation, commas or other signs, mark period of repose for the mind--a stage more or less long an idea which is done with or momen- tarily suspended, and which Is being separated by such a sign from the next
 You in your letters suppress those peril ods. those intervals; you write as the stream flows, as the arrow flies. That will not do at all, because the ideas one expresses, the things of which we speak, are not all intimately connected with one another like drops of water This quite agrees with the old direction given to children at school: Mind your stops" l..