davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
The cheesesnalssr's Side.

There has been a good deal said IN
the agricultural press about cheese
factories running only in summer. 1t
is generally argued that they should
run the year around, that the produc'
tion Of milk in winter might be en-
couraged. That is an ideal condition
to be looked forward to and hoped Tor.
But for the present little can be ex'
pected in this way. The cheesemaker
is compelled to follow the course that
will yield him q profit. Recently Mr..
J. r. Biddulph of Bureau county. ILL.,
ncis. gave to a representative OF the
Farmers Review the cheesemskers
side of this question. He said: The
cheese industry in Illinois is not i'm
proving much. for there is NO one to
stir up the cheesemakers. In my I'M
mediate locality there Is an improve
ment, but It is not general. Moro
flats are being made than ever before.
because many of the factories have
home market for them. Flats weigh
from 32 to 40 pounds. while cheddar
cheeses weigh from 50 pounds up.
There are four cheese factories WITH
In radius of seven miles from my
house. None of them make butter,
but some Of them run the year round
Mine runs from April first to Decem-
Der first, every day. I do not believe
a factory should run all the time. nor
do the merchants. They think the
factories should shut down so they can
have a chance to work of their stock
OF cheese and fill up the following sea-
son on fresh goods. However, II We
had milk enough to permit us to run
all winter, we would have to run. Dur
ing the month of December we gen.
orally run every other day, and that
is the way the factories do that run
all winter. But it is a poor plan to
run all the time, II it is necessary to
run every other day. A factory that
does that seldom makes enough cheese
to pay expenses in the months when
they are doing that. The most ever
received in the month of December,
when I was running every other day.
was $50, and that did not pay ex-
penses. We are using now between
$500 and 5000 pounds of milk daily.
| do not buy the milk outright, but
make it into cheese at SO much per
pound. The patrons take the cheese
and sell it themselves. They 60 to
town and trade it for groceries, dry
goods and other things they need"
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
Why Cotton Seed Meal Kills PIGS.


Why does cotton seed meal often
kill pigs? The answer is not forth
coming, but the experimenters are at
work on the problem and have
been at work on 1t for some years.
AS yet they have arrived at no con-
clusiOn that is satisfactory to them
selves or others. The causc is doubt
less some property of the meal or
seed that is harmful when fed beyond
a certain limit. The first attempts to
solve the problem led to the belief
that the cause was q mechanical one,
the deaths being produced by impac-
tion due to the accumulation in the
alimentary canals of large quantities
Of the tufts of cotton clinging to some
of the seeds. But this was not borne
out by subsequent experiments and
post-mortem examinations. No mat.
ter how carefully the seed was
cleaned the deaths resulted all the
same when the pigs were fed beyond
q certain limit not well-defned. the
seed or meal made from it. It is
now believed that the seed and the
meal made both produce a toxic eff.
feet, when allowed to undergo certain
changes. When it is remembered
that food remained in the intestines
of the pigs for some days, it is easy
to see that it has an opportunity to
ferment and produce poisons. There
are many other materials that thus
change in composition. Thus the
cassava root, from which tapioca is
Z lde. contains prussic acid, which
disappears in the process of heating.
But the poison has been known to
come back again in old tapioca.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
Still LOOKING for Oil.

PLATTSMOUTH-T failure Of
the Omaha prospecting company TO
find coal or oil in paying quantities
in the vicinity of Louisville has not
entirely discouraged further investisa-
tions in Cass county For some time
a gentleman named Freely. who
comes from the oil regions Of Penn
sylvania. has been in the vicinity of
Nehawka carrying on some prelimi-
nary investigations with view to
Prospecting for oil ana minerals
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
Feet Numb as Wood.

HUMBOLDT-MrsR Roy Leach. wife
OF a farmer a few miles north Of this
city. has been the victim Of a pecu-
liar malady. which seems to have left
her feet wholly dead. the result OF I'M
perfect circulation of the blood. The
condition became 50 serious last week
when gangrene set in that her physi-
clans decided amputation was neces-
sary. and took off her right foot above
the ankle. They hope to save the re-
naming member. bu; are in doubt.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
Milk From Silaqe.

1t would be interesting to hear from
some of our readers that have silos
and feed their children on milk made
from such silage. The Borden Milk
Condensing Company will not permit
the farmers that sell them milk to use
silage as a feed, no matter how good
that silage may be. They claim that
milk made from such materials is un-
ct for the use CT babes and that the
latter are always made sick when they
use milk made from silage. One of
the Borden Company declares tnat the
farmers that have silOs will not feed
their own young children on milk so
made. We feel certain that this is not
so, and that il any users OF silage take
that position it is for the purpose Of be-
ing on the safe side of a proposition OF
which they do not feel quite certain.
rather than because they have any
definite Information that milk from
silage is unhealthful. The company
also asserts that milk made from
silage is a poor keeper. on account Of
the unusual amount Of acid it con-
tainS. Is this true? 1t would appear
not to be, as Mr.. Gurler of De Kalb.
Illinois, sent silage made milk all the
way to Paris, France. and it arrived
in that city in a perfectly sweet con-
dition, and no preservative of any
kind was used in it. This would look
as if milk made from silage keeps
fairly well. This milk did not begin
to get of" till it was seventeen days
old. The fact that other condensaries
in the country permit the use of silage
would seem to indicate that other
milk condensing companies hold a diff
ferent view from that held by the Bor-
den Company. 1t is certainly to be
hoped that some experiments will be
started to demonstrate the value of
silage made milk as a food for infants.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02

!. CaretakerS house. erected by w. n
2 Situation OF providence Spring"
g. Site OF monument.
e. Outline OF present property.
s. Outline OF stockade enclosing pris-
oners.
G. Outline Of outer stockade.
Z: Dead line
g. Confederate forts and batteries.
g. Main forts OF Fort Star. southwest
corner.
TO- Site Of gallows where marauders
were hung.
H. Powder magazine in Star Fort
II. Site OF Captain Writes hcadquar-
ters.
I3 Gate to roadway leading to ceme-
terry.
H. Wells and tunnels dug by prison.
ers.
L. Site Of dead house
lS. Entrenched camp for guards.
IL Roadway leading to railroad sta
tton.
ls. StOckade Creek, branch of
Sweetwater.
~ North gate Of stockade
D. South gate of Stockade.
q Flagstaff.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
One Kind Of Generosity.

I am not one OF those who try
To rake In all in sight:
Ny little wants l must supply.
And that is only right.
No man in vain to me will piead
When of his all bereft:
When I have taken what i need
He can have all that's left
I like to see my neignbor thrive'
I'm pleased with his success.
To see him barely keep alive
Will cause me great distress.
I have no sentiments Of creed
Or envy in my breast.
When I have taken what l neeo
He can have all the rest.
''Need's'' not the word I should employ
What require" perhaps
Ny luxuries 1 must enjoy:
can't put UP with scraps.
I'm not at all disposed to snake :,
on my well-gotten gains.
But any one may freely take
What after me remains.
Chicago News.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
Struck by "Paneake" Bullet.

otFOCk Oy VduCdNe oUSS~
Speaking of pancake bullets"
said the Colonel, Il met Gen. Walter
c. Newberry on the street the other
day, and while we stood talking he
seemed nervous, throwing his weight
first on one foot and then ON the
other. changing frequently. But he
wasn't nervous. l knew that and
knew also why he seemed nervous.
When the head of our column crossed
the James and advanced toward
Petersburg. Newberry was lieutenant
colonel of the Twenty-fourth New
York cavalry. When what was left
of us got back Newberry was the
senior officer in the cavalry division.
In that advance. when We reached
the Petersburg and Norfolk railroad.
we ran up against the real thing In the
way OF defensive works. Col. New
berry led the advance and struck an
angle of the works and soon his line
was in the air. supports no. being able
to get up because of the enemy's ter
rife fire. Three brigade commanders
fell in the attempt to reach New
berry. but he did not retire until the
enemy began to envelop his tanks.
The line went back in some disorder,
but Newberry was cool and deliberate
and when We got under cover of the
| creek he went back with a squad to
make a lodgment in front.
''As usual. the Colonel was in the
lead. and after he had posted the boys
| to his satisfaction, he started to rejoin
us in line. When he got down under
| the brow of the little hill and only his
head and shoulders were exposed a
rebel sharpshooter blazed away at
! him. The bullet struck big oak tree.
nattening out like pancake, glanced
off. and struck Newberry on the top
of his head in front. The bullet had a
fat surface, nearly as large as a
silver dollar, and when it struck his
head Newberry went down as though
he had been shot through the heart.
| Almost Immediately he put his
hand to his head expecting to find
looked at his hand and then felt his
head again. Finding no blood an ex.
preston of disgust came over his
face. he believing he had been struck
by a spent ball. However, that pan
cake bullet affected the muscles of
the Generals left side and ever since
he has appeared nervous on his feet.
1t isn't nerves. however; 1t is a case
of pancake bullet, a case of a wound
that did not break the skin, but left
its mark."-Chicago Inter Ocean.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
Agricultural Cooperation in ireIans

Agricultural Cooperation in ireland.
At the last meeting of the Irish
Agricultural Organization Society q re-
port on progress showed that the or
ganization had gained 14S new so
cieties and nearly 5000 new mem
bers during the past year. During
1902 the societies composing the or.
ganization were: 247 dairy societies
and 81 aux;liaries. having 36.174 mem.
bers; 124 agricultural societies, with
1861 members: 145 agricultural
banks, with 6.511 members; 81 poul-
try societies, with 5.906 members; 50
home industries, with 1888 members;
1 flax societies with lis members: II
beekeepers' societies. with 29S mem.
bers; 3 federations with 257 members;
10 miscellaneous societies, with S62
members. Total number Of societies,
712, with 5000 members. These 90
cieties last year transacted business In
excess Of $7.OO0,O 900. Lord Monteasle
is president Of the society.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
Deadly Snake in Bananas.

COLUMBUS-While handling a
bunch of bananas in the store Gus
Plath was surprised to see a snake
move slowly out over his arm. The
reptile was evidently chilled as he
acted very sluggish and offered to do
no harm. The snake is a stranger to
this country. and wh0l examined by
those who have been in the banana
Plantations it was pronounced to be a
moccasion OF a very deadly character.
Il was twenty-six inches long.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
The Corn Feed Problem.

A dozen years ago the farmers OF
the corn belt that were engaged in
the raising Of hogs would consider nc
other feed for swine except corn.
They began to feed the pigs corn
about as soon as they were weaned
and continued to feed them corn till
they were butchered. Corn was very
cheap then except in occasional years
when there was a partial corn crop
failure. In those days corn was not
only cheap. but freight rates were
high and it cost q great deal to get
the corn to market. There was q sav.
ing to the producer in marketing his
corn crop in the shape of pork. Since
that time there has been a great
change in the position of corn relative
to oats and other grains. There are
many commercial uses to which corn
is now p't that formerly were not
dreamed of. 1t now seems likely that
the general average of corn prices
will rise from year to year, responsive
to the increasing demand and the re-
strictive area of country In which
corn can be grown. The future is
likely 10 see the oat and barley crops
more largely used in the finishing of
swine than is dreamed of at the pres.
ent time. At any rate we are about
at the end Of feeding pigs on a whole
corn diet. We cannot now figure out
profit with such a course of feeding.
For a long time yet hogs that do not
follow cattle WILL be finished on corn,
but We may expect to see that finish
ing period grow constantly shorter.
Men will also realize that a Change
to clover and grain other than corn
will give them some benefits in the
way of increased stamina in their
swine as well as more fecundity. The
corn feed problem is one that cannot
be ignored longer. but is in course Of
solution by every swine raiser that
is trying to make money.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02

At the North, where the onions are
to be stored for winter use. the whole
crop is pulled when three-fourths Of
the plants have turned yellow, shrivel.
ed and dried In the neck sufficie.: to
.opple over. They are in ft cozd:,i3n
,or storing when no moisture is visible
lpcn strongly twisting the neckA
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
Preparing Corn Land.

In the cultivation of corn we find
it is better to prepare the ground In
the fall. Select a field that has had
a crop on it, gang plow It first and
work it down fine, and leave it until
fall. Then plow it again and leave.
until spring, when it should be culti-
vated and narrowed. In winter haul
out manure and spread 1t. putting on
the ground about ten or fifteen tons
to the acre. 1t may now be plowed
ard made ready for planting.-Edward
Curtis.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
Fremont People Hopeful.

FREMONT-An reports on the pow
er canal project seem to be favorable
to the Fremont end Of it. Apparently
the Columbus people think the same
way about it, as il is now being hint
ed that they are responsible for the
delay in holding the meeting at New
York. It has been given out that the
occasion for the failure to get tOgath-
er recently was the substitution of a
new man on the board Of engineers.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
Two Kinds Of Hur,us.

Two KINDS OF HOr1OSs
Professor e. F. Ladd. of the North
Dakota Agricultural College, says: OF
late we have heard a great deal about
the necessity Of humus in the soil. We
have come to understand that humus
is as essential in the North Dakota
soils Is in oil other soils II We would
maintain their fertility. We have come
to understand that humus Is one OF
the great water holding constituents
Of the soil, that it Is to the humus we
owe many Of the better physical quail
tiles OF the soil. aad that it is from
the humus the nitrogenous matter OF
the plants is derived to be converted
into nitrates to serve as plant food.
There is one point. however, that has
not been sufficiently emphasized.
There are different kinds of humus.
the same as there are different kinds
Of animal foods. Some forms OF
humus are worth q great deal more In
the soil than others. We all recog-
nize the fact that clover hay is vast
~ superior as an animal food to wheat
straw. We say that clover hay, wheat
bran, linseed and cotton seed meal are
nitrogenous foods. and that straw.
timothy. cornmeal. stover, ETC., are
carbonaceous foods. So We have types
of humus that are highly heterogeneous
and other types that are highly car
bOnaceous. A humus derived from
wheat straw or wheat stubble or
grains of any kind is very inferior. 1t
furnishes no heterogeneous matter, 1t
does not have the water holding and
absorbing constituents as does the
humus derived from clover, vetches,
bronze grass, etc. We thus see that
one of the advantages Of growing
clover in our crop rotation is that 1t
gives us better type of humus In the
soil. One that will put the soil in
better physical condition will hold q
larger amount Of moisture. will fur
nish nitrogenous plant food, and will
better unlock the available plant food
in the soil than the humus that is de-
rived from carbonaceous plants like
the straw.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
Business Man Goes Insane.

AKT.AND-William Bearringer. a
business man of this place. became
quite suddenly insane a few days ago.
He was taken to the county Jail at Ne
ligh and afterwards to the asylum at
Lincoln.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
An Inauspicious Beginning.

A couple married at Mars Hill. Me-.
last week had more than its share Of
trouble. First the minister was an
hour late. and then the floor timbsrs
gave way and precipitated the as
sembled company into the cellar.
Finally when the knot had been tisd
the horse ran away when it was
taking the couple to the train. How.
ever they survived all the catastro-
phe. aad after waiting i've hours for
another train they made their escape.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02

YORK-Henry Haberman, an en-
ploye at the York foundry. stepped
into barrel of hot water that had
Just been blown out Of the radiators
before shutting down for the day. The
flesh on the leg was badly scalded to
the knee.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
Passes FORGED Checks.

NORTH PLATTE-A young man
who gives his name as Bert Butler and
his home as Carthage. ILL.,. passed four
forsed checks on merchants Of this
place and then departed.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
Omen Automobile Barn.

HUMBOLT-Frank and d. H. Blak-
eney. formerly Of this place. have in
operation at Loup City an automobile
barn. using the machines for general
livery and passenger transfer work.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
POIJIiRY'
Ventilation Of Poultry Houses.

Ventilation Of Poultry Houses.
During summer weather no ventila-
tion Is needed, as the windows and
doors. where wire screens are used.
will be open night and day. But in
the late fall. winter and early spring.
the doors and windows have to be shut
most OF the time, and some ventilation
must be provided. The dirtier the
house is kept the more ventilation will
be needed. The old-fashioned venti-
lator on top Of the poultry house
should be discarded. Its effect was to
take the warm pure air out of the
house and pour down on the heads of
the poultry q stream of cold air.
Probably the best system to be fol
lowed is to have q long wooden tube
in one end of the poultry house. said
tube reaching from the top of the
house to within q foot of the floor. II
this is carried above the roof q draft
should exist in it as in chimney.
that will draw the foul air out of the
house. II the walls are double 1t will
be easy enough to provide ingress for
the air on either side. Make q few
little holes on the outside near the
caves Of the roof and on the inside
bore q few more holes near the floor
opposite and below the holes ON the
outside. II these holes for ingress of
the air are made only on one side of
the building, they should be on the
side Of the prevailing winds.
The idea Of ventilating poultry
houses by means Of sub-earth ducts
has been broached. but never tried, 80
far as we know. It would hardly pay
to construct q sub-earth duct for q
common-sized poultry house, rs such
q duct would cost more than the poul-
try house itself. In the case of large
poultry plant, however, 1t might be
tried and would doubtless prove very
satisfactory. These ducts consist of
rows of glazed (water-proof) tile laid
In trenches about feet deep and
running through the ground for 100
feet or more. Generally three or four
rows OF tile are laid, the ends all be-
Ing sealed with cement to prevent any
water entering. The work has to be
done very perfectly to prevent water
entering and filing up the pipes. In
addition a pump should be placed in
one end Of the trench 80 that IL water
does get into the pipes it may be
pumped out without the pipes having
to be dug up. At the end of the
trench. away from the house to be fed
with air through these tiles. a stand
pipe is erected with a hood that turns
to face the wind in whatever way It
blows. The trench is filed with soil
and the ground leveled. The object of
all this is to provide air for the build
ing at q temperature of, say, so de-
grees, the temperature of the ground
at depth of feet Summer or
winter this temperature will remain
the same. whatever the air outside.
Where a man has number Of poultry
EOrses they can all be connected vito
this due. by smaller tile tubes and the
cir forced in. The only time when
this scheme fails to work is where the
air is still. At other times the wind
blowing into the hood forces the air
into the house. The great advantage
about this IS that comparatively warm
air is supplied to the houses. Some
| cheese factories and stock barns are
now using the system: which proves
very satisfactory.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
Spel!ed it For Them.

There was a general in one of the
Ohio regiments in the civil war;" said
Gen. Grosvenor. at an old soldier
symposium, who was the most mag
nifcent thing physically, you ever saw
and about the weakest mentally.
He rode out on his horse one morn
ing to review his brigade. After the
parade he thought he would give some
orders himself He shouted: Column
of fours; column forward
The soldiers didn't understand. for
they didn't execute the movement
The general stood up in his stirrups
and shouted again: Column of fours;
column forward
Still there was no response Exas-
perated beyond measure the general
yelled: What's the matter with you
imbeciles? Can't you understand plain
English? Column of fours; column
forward, Here, I'll spell it for you.
C-o-l-l-o-m-e-o-l-l-o-m do you un-
Gerstand? ?"-Saturday Evening Post.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02

Tho farmer that manages his COW
and horse stables we'll. cleans them out
at least once q day. and sometimes
twice. but the pig pen Is too often
neglected until the pigs are in danger
Of being submerged.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
Grain Business Sold.

EDGAR-H. c. Hart has purchased
Of J. H. Pope his elevator and grain
and coal business. The consideration
of sale was about $500.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02

The clover crop % IN adjunct that
no swine grower can afford 10 over.
look. Clover and corn viii do Al.
most the whole work Of feeding.
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
New Pension Resolution,

For the information of comrades
the following resolution, submitted
by the Committee on Pensions, and
unanimously adopted by the Thirty
seventh National Encampment, is
here given in full:
Resolved, That the Committee on
Pensions to be appointed for the en-
suing year be, and they hereby are,
directed to present to Congress for
passage a bill which. while not dis
turbing the beneficent provisions of
the existing law. shall provide that
every survivor of the war Of 1SS1-lS65,
wno served for a period of ninety days
and who was honorably discharged.
and who has passed the age of sixty.
two years. shall be pensioned at the
rate of $l2 per month, and that a pen
sion of the same amount be paid to
the worthy widow of such soldier
when deceased who was married to
such soldier prior to the 9th day of
June, A. d. 1890"
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02
8 WITH THE;
~
a HVETEDAM.

fought a desperate fight, but were
forced to yield.
After the battle they were hurried
south and placed in the prison at
Andersonville
The Columbus journal., 1903-12-02

On most American farms the breed.
ing Of live stock does not receive the
attention It deserves.