davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona republican., 1903-12-08
Relations With Turkey.

Early In July, having received in
telligence. which happily turned out
to be erroneous, of the assassination of
our vice-consul at Beirut, / dispatched
small squadron to that port for such
service as might be found necessary
on arrival. Although the attempt on
the life of our yice-consul had not been
successful. yet the outrage was symp-
tomato of a state of excitement and
disorder which demanded immediate
attention. The arrival of the vessels
had the happiest- result. A feeling of
security at once took the place of the
former alarm and disquiet: our Off
GERS were cordially welcomed by the
consular body and the leading mer-
chants. and ordinary business resum-
ed its activity. The government of the
sultan gave considerate hearing to
the representations of our minister:
the official who was regarded as re-
sponsible for the disturbed condition of
affairs was removed. Our relations
with the Turkish government remain
friendly: cur claims founded on in
equitable treatment of some of our
schools and missions appear to be in
process of amicable adjustment.
Arizona republican., 1903-12-08
merce Laws.

In my last annual message, in con-
nection with the subject of the due
regulation of combinations of capital
which are or may become injurious to
the public, l recommend a special ap-
preparation for the better enforcement
of the antitrust law as it now stands,
to be expended under the direction of
the attorney general. Accordingly (by
the Legislative, executive and judicial
appropriation act of February %, 1903,
80 Stat, S54. 904, the congress appro-
priated. for the purpose of enforcing
the various federal trust and inter-
state-commerce laws, the sum of $780,
600, to be expended under the direc-
ton of the attorney general in the en-
ployment of special counsel and agents
in the department of Justice to con-
duct proceedings and prosecutions un-
der said laws in the courts of the
matter of the utmost Importance and
urgency the extension of the purposes
of this appropriation. so that it may be
available, under the direction of the
attorney general, and until used, for
the due enforcement of the laws of
the United States in general and es-
pecially of the civil and criminal laws
relating to public lands and the laws
relating to postal crimes and offenses
and the subject of naturalization.
Arizona republican., 1903-12-08
immigration.

We can not have too much immigra-
ton of the right kind. and we should
have none at all of the wrong kind.
The need is to devise some system
by which undesirable immigrants shall
be kept out entirely, while desirable
immigrants are properly distributed
throughout the country. At present
some districts which need immigrants
have none; and in others. where the
population is already congested, i'm
migrants come in such numbers as to
depress the conditions of life for those
already there. During the last two
years the immigration service at New
York has been greatly improved. and
the corruption and inefficiency which
formerly obtained there have been
eradicated This service has just been
by a committee of New
York citizens of high standing, Messrs
Arthur V. Briesen, Lee X. Frankel,
Eugene A. Philbin, Thomas w. Hynes,
and Ralph Trautman. Their report
deals with the whole situation at
length. and concludes with certain
recommendations for administrative
and legislative action. 1t is now re-
ceiving the attention of the secretary
Of commerce and labor.
Arizona republican., 1903-12-08

ed at sea. Moreover, it should be
borne in mind that shipping repre-
sents, internationally speaking, a much
more generaliZed species OF private
property than is the case with ordinary
property on land-that is, property
found at sea is much less apt than is
the case with property found on land
really to belong to any one nation.
Under the modern system of corporate
ownership the flag of a vessel often
differs from the flag which would mark
the nationality of the real ownership
and money control of the vessel; and
the cargo may belong to individuals of
yet a different nationality. Much
American capital is now invested in
foreign ships; and among foreign ma
tons 1t often happens that the capt.
tai Of one is largely invested in the
shipping of another. Furthermore, as
a practical matter, it may be mem
toned that while commerce destroying
may cause serious loss and great an
noyance, it can never be more than a
subsidiary factor in bringing to terms
a resolute foe. This is now well recog-
nized by all of our naval experts. The
lighting, ship not the commerce des-
troyer, is the vessel whose feats add
renown to a nations history. and es-
tablish her place among the great
powers of the world.
Arizona republican., 1903-12-08
Claims Submitted to the Permanent
Court of Arbitration at The Hague.

Our hopes in that regard have been
realized. Russia and Austria are rep
resented i'm the persons of the learned
and distinguished jurists who COM
pose the tribunal, while Great Britain,
Germany. France. Spain. Italy, Bel
GUM, the Netherlands, Sweden and
Norway, Mexico, the United States,
and Venezuela are represented by their
respective agents and counsel. Such
an imposing concourse OF nations pre-
senting their arguments to and invok-
ing the decision of that high court of
international Justice and interna tional
peace can hardly fail to secure a like
submission of many future contro-
versies. The nations now appearing
there will find it far easier to appear
second time, while no nation can
imagine its just pride will be lessened
by following the example now present
ed. This triumph of the principle of
international arbitration is a subject
of warm congratulation and offers
happy augury for the peace OF the
world
Arizona republican., 1903-12-08

subjects. Their employment of force
for the collection of these claims was
terminated by an agreement brought
about through the offices of the diplo-
matte representatives of the United
States at Caracas and the government
at Washington. thereby ending a Sit
uation which was bound to cause in
creasing friction, and which jeoparded
the peace of the continent. Under
this agreement Venezuela agreed to set
apart>a certain percentage of the GUS
toms receipts OF two of her ports to be
applied to the payment of whatever
obligations might be ascertained by
mixed commissions appointed for that
purpose to be due from her. not only
to the three powers already mention
ed, whose proceedings against her had
resulted in a state of war, but also to
the United States, France, Spain,
Belgium, the Netherlands. Sweden and
Norway. and Mexico, who had not en-
ployed force for the collection of the
claims alleged to be due to certain of
their citizens
A demand was then made by the So
called blockading powers that the
sums ascertained to be due to their
citizens by such mixed commissions
should be accorded payment in full be-
fore anything was paid upon the
claims of the so-called peace powers.
Venezuela, on the other hand, insisted
that all her creditors should be paid
upon basis Of exact equality During
the efforts TO adjust this dispute ii
was suggested by the powers in inter-
est that IL should be referred to me
TOR decision, but / was clearly of the
opinion that a far wiser course would
be TO submit the question to the Per
manent Court of Arbitration at The
Hague. 1t seemed to ne TO offer an
admirable opportunity to advance the
practice of the peaceful settlement of
disputes between nations and to secure
for the Hague tribunal a memorable
increase of it's practical Importance.
The nations interested in the contro-
versy were so numerous and in many
instances so powerful as to make it
evident that beneficent results would
follow from their appearance at the
same time before the bar of that
august tribunal of peace.
Arizona republican., 1903-12-08
The Philippines and Porto Rice.

OF our insular- possessions thu Philip
pines and Porto Rico il is gratifying a
say that their steady progress has
been such as to make IL unnecessary
TO spend much time in discussing
them. Yet the congress should ever
keep in mind that peculiar obligation
rests upon us to further IN ever way
the welfare OF these communities. The
Philippines should be knit closer TO "a
by tariff arrangements. IL would. Of
course. be impossible TO suddenly raiss-
the people of the islands 10 the high
pitch of industrial prosperity and %
governmental efficiency TO which they
will in the end by degrees attain. and
the caution and moderation shown in
developing them have been among the
main reasons why this development
has hitherto gone on so smoothly.
ScrupulOus care has been taken in the
choice of government agents. and the
entire elimination OF partisan politics
from the public service. The cOndi-
ton of the islanders is in material
things far better than ever before.
while their governmental. inteIleC tuaI.
and moral advance has kept pace with
their material advance. No one people
ever benefited another people more
than we have benefited the Fflipinos
by taking possession Of the islands.
Arizona republican., 1903-12-08
Lewis and Clark Exposition.

The expedition Of Lewis ana
clark across the continent fol-
lowed thereon. and marked the
beginning OF the process OF exploration
and colonization which thrust our ma
tional boundaries to the Pacific. The
acquisition Of the Oregon country. In
Guiding the present states OF Oregon
and Washington. was a fact OF i'm
mense Importance in cur history. hrst
giving us our place on the Pacific sea
board, and making ready the way Tor
our ascendency in the commerce o. ~.
greatest of the oceans. The centennial
OF our establishment upon the western
coast by the expedition Of Lewis and
Clark is to be celebrated AT Portland.
Oregon, by an exposition In the sum
mer OF 1905. and this event should re-
ceive recognition and support from the
national government
Arizona republican., 1903-12-08
Needs of Financial Situation.

The integrity of our currency is be-
yOnd question. and under present con-
ditions it would be unwise and unnec-
essary to attempt reconstruction of
our entire monetary system. The same
liberty should be granted the secretary
Of the treasury to deposit customs re-
Ceipts as is granted him in the deposit
of receipts from other sources. In my
message of December 2, 1902, l called
attention to certain needs of the fnan-
cial situation. and 1 again ask the con-
sideratiOn of the congress Cor these
questions.
During the last session of the con-
gress. at the suggestion of 4 joint
note from the republic of Mexico and
the imperial government of China, and
In harmony with an act of the congress
appropriating $4,000 to pay the ex-
penses thereof, a commission was APP
pointed to confer with the principal
European countries in the hope that
some plan might be devised whereby
a fixed rate of exchange could be as
Arizona republican., 1903-12-08
Advancement of Cause of lnternationa 1
Arbitration.

There seems good ground for the be-
lief that there has been a real growth
among the civilized nations of a senti-
ment which will permit a gradual sub
stitution of other methods than the
method CT war in the settlement of
disputes. 1t is not pretended that as
yet we are near a position in which it
will be possible wholly TO prevent war,
or that just regard for national in
terest and honor will in all cases per-
NIT the settlement of international dis
putes by arbitration: but by a mixture
of prudence and firmness with wisdom
we think it is possible to do away with
much of the provocation and excuse
for war, and at least in many cases to
substitute some other and more ra-
tional method for the settlement of
disputes. The Hague court offers so
good an example of what can be done
In the direction Of such settlement that
1t should be encouraged in every way.
Further steps should be taken. In
President McKinley's annual message
of December 5, 1898. he made the fol-
lowing recommendation:
Arizona republican., 1903-12-08
THE MESSAGE
CONTINUED from Page one.)

deavoIing to provide for doing away
with any evil in them; that we drew
the line against misconduct, not
a6unst wealth; gladly recognizing the
great good done by the capitalist who
alore, or in conjunction with his fell
lows, does his work along proper and
legitimate lines. The purpose of the
Legislation, which purpose will will un-
rouJtedly be fulfilled. was to favor
such d man when he does well, ana to
supervise his action only to prevent
kim from doing i'll. Publicity can io
no harm to the honest corporation. The
only corporation that has CAUSE to
dread it is the corporation which
shrirks from the light, and about the
welfare of such corporations we Heed
not he oversensitive. The work of the
department of commerce and labor has
been CONDITIONED upon this theory, Of
securing fair treatment alike for labor
and for capital.
Arizona republican., 1903-12-08
Exemption of Private Property at Sea
From Capture by BeIlieerent
Powers.

THE experiences of the last year
bring forcibly home to us a sense of
the burdens and the waste of war. We
desire, in common with most civilized
nations, to reduce to. the lowest posi-
BILE point the damage sustained in time
Of war by peaceable trade and COM
merce. 1t is true we may suffer in
such cases less than other communi-
ties, but all nations are damaged more
or less by the state of uneaSiness and
apprehension into which an outbreak
of hostilities throws the entire COM
mercial world. 1t should be our object.
therefore. to minimize. so far as prac-
ticable, this inevitable loss and dis
turbance. This purpose can probably
best be accomplished by an interna-
tonal agreement to regard all private
property at sea as exempt from can
ture or obstruction by the forces of
Delllgerent powers. The United States
government has for many years adj
vocated this humane and beneficent
principle, and is now in a position to
recommend it to other powers with
out the imputation of selfish motives.
L therefore suggest for your consid-
GRAFTON that the executive be author
lied to correspond with the govern
ments of the principle maritime DOW
ers with a view of Incorporating into
the permanent law of civilized nations
the principle of the exemption of all
private property at sea, not contra
band of war, from capture or destruc-
ton by belligerent powers"
] cordially renew this recommended
ton
The supreme court, speaking on De-
cember II, 1899. through Peckham, J.,
said:
1t Is, we think, historically accurate
TO say that this government has al |
ways been, in its views among the
most advanced of the governments of
the world in favor of mitigating, as to |
all non-combatants, the hardships and |
horrors of war. To accomplish that |
object it has always advocated those
rules which would in most cases do |
away with the right to capture the
private property of an enemy on the |
high seas
1 advocate this as a matter of hui |
manity and morals. 1t is anachronis-
tic when private property is respected |
On land that it should not be respect +!
Arizona republican., 1903-12-08

connection with the telephone. the b.
cycle. and the trolley. accomplishs=
much toward lessenlng the ISOLATION
OF farm life and making Il brighter
and more attractive. In the immediate
past the lack OF just such facilities a.
these have driven many Of the more
active and restless young men ana
women from the farms TO the cities
for they rebelled at loneliness and lack
of mental companiOnship. IL Is un-
healthy and undesirable for the cities
to grow at the expense Of the country
and rural free delivery Is not only a
good thing in itself. but il good D.
cause IL is one OF the causes which
check this unwholesOme tendency TO-
wards the urban concentration % our
population at the expense OF the coun-
try districts
Arizona republican., 1903-12-08
Development OF Alaska.

I call your special attention 10 the
Territory OF Alaska. The country j.
developing rapidly. and il has an as
sured future. The mineral wealth b.
great and has as yet badly been tap
ped. The fisheries. IL wisely
handled and kept under nation
al control. will b. business
as permanent as any other. ant
Of the utmost Importance TO the peo-
pie. The forests il properly guarded
will form another great source %
wealth. Portions Of Alaska are nttef
for farming and stock raising. al
though the methods must Be adapted
to the peculiar conditions OF the coun-
try. Alaska is situated IN the Tar
north; but so are Norway and Sweden
and Finland: and Alaska can prosper
and play its part in the new world Just
as those nations have prOspered and
played their parts in the old World
Proper land laws should be enacted.
and the survey OF the public lands
Immediately begun. Coal-land Laws
should be provided whereby the coal
land entryman may make his location
and secure patent under methods kin
dred to those now prescribed for home
stead and mineral entrymen- salmon
hdlCileIles- exclusively unlrE govern
ment control. should be established
The cable should be extended from
Sitka westward Wagon roads and
trails should be built. and the building
of railroads promoted in all legitimate
ways. Lighthouses should Be bulk
along the coast. Attention should b.
paid to the needs Of the Alaska Indi-
ans: provision should be made for an
officer. with deputies. TO study their
needs, relieve their immediate wants.
and help them adapt themselves 20 the
new conditions.
Arizona republican., 1903-12-08
Reduction in Cost of Maintaining
Consular Service.

1 call your attention to the reduced
cost in maintaining the consular SER
vice for the fiscal year ending June 80,
1903, as shown in the annual report
of the auditor for the state and other
departments as compared with the
year previous. For the year under
consideration the excess of expendi-
lures over the receipts on account of
the consular service amounted to $685.
125.12. as against 500, 972.5O for the year
ending June 80, 1902. and s147 ,O4O.16 for
the year ending June 30. 1901. This is
the best showing in this respect for
the consular service for the past four
teen years, and the reduction In the
cost of the service to the government
has been made in spite of the fact
that the expenditures for the year in
question were more than $40, 900 greater
than tor the previous year.
Arizona republican., 1903-12-08

terested in protecting our citizenship
against fraud in any form. and on the
other hand, in affording every facility
for naturalization to those who in good
faith desire to share alike our privil-
eyes and our responsibilities
The federal grand jury lately ip. ses-
sion in New York city dealt with this
subject and made a presentment which
states the situation briefly and forcibly
and contains important suggestions foc
the consideration of the congress. This
presentment is included as an appen-
dix to the report of the attorney gen.
eral.
Extension Recommended of Purposes
of Appropriation for Enforcing
Trust and Interstate Com
Arizona republican., 1903-12-08
Need for Treaties Making Bribery Eek.
traditable.

Steps have been taken by the state
department looking to the making of
bribery an extraditable offense with
foreign powers. The need of more eff
fective treaties covering this crime is
manifest. The exposure and prosecu-
tons of official corruption in st. Louis,
Mo, and other cities and states have
resulted in a number of givers and
takers of brides becoming fugitives in
foreign lands. Bribery has not been
included in extradition treaties here
tofore, as the necessity for it has not
arisen. While there may have been
as much official corruption in former
years, there has been more developed
and brought to light in the immediate
past than in the preceding century Of
our country's history. 1t should be
the policy of the United States to
leave no place on earth where
a corrupt man fleeing from this coun-
try can rest in peace. There is no
reason why bribery should not be in
cluded in all treaties as extraditabie.
The recent amended treaty with Mex
leo, whereby This crime was put in
the list of extraditable offenses, has
established a salutary precedent in this
regard. Under this treaty the state
department has asked, and Mexico has
granted. the eXtradition of one of the
st. Louis bride givers.
There can be no crime more serious
than bribery. Other offenses violate
one law while corruption strikes at the
foundation of all law. Under our form
of government all authority is vested
in the people and by them delegated
to those who represent them in official
capacity. There can be no offense
heavier than that of him in whom such
sacred trust has been reposed, who
sells it for his own gain and enrich
ment; and no less heavy is the offense
of the bride giver. He is worse than
the thief, for the thief robs the in
dividual, while the corrupt official
plumbers an entire city or state. He is
as wicked as the murderer, for the
murderer may only take one life
against the law, while the corrupt
official and the man who corrupts the
official alike aim at the assassination
of the commonwealth itself. Govern
ment of the people, by the people, for
the people will perish from the face
of the earth if bribery is tolerated. The |
givers and takers of brides stand on
an evil pre-eminence of infamy. The |
exposure and punishment of public |
corruption is an honor to nation, not |
a disgrace. The shame lies in tolera-
ton not in correction. No city or state, |
still less the nation, can be injured by |
the enforcement of law. AS long as |
public plunderers when detected can |
find haven of refuge in any foreign |
land and avoid punishment, just so |
ong encouragement is given them to |
their practices. If we fail to
Arizona republican., 1903-12-08
Rural Free Delivery Service.

The rural free delivery service has
been steadily extended. The attention
or the congress is asked to the question
or the compensation of the letter car
rlers and clerks engaged in the postal
service. especially on the new rural
free-deiivery routes. More routes have
been Installed since the first of July
last than in any like period in the de-
partment's history. While a due re-
gard to economy must be kept in mind
In the establishment of new routes, yet
the eXtention of the rural ree-delivery
system must be continued, for reasons
or sound public policy. No govern
mental movement of recent years has
resulted In greater immediate bene-
mt to the people of the country dis
tricts. Rural free-delivery, taken in