The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1903-10-25

the tropical to the Arctic In represented
on the sides Of Kilimanjaro
The frs, man to reach the top Of Mont
Blanc, the highest point Of Europe, was
the guide Balmat in 1855. He was fol-
lowed the next year by the celebrated
physicist Saussure. who made the first
physical observations that were ever rec
ordcd on a high mountain.
Everybody knows that In the past century
Mont Blanc has bssn assembled by hundreds
OF tourists, though the climb Ia anything
but child's play 1t has also been the
most notable field for scientific observa-
lions among all the great mountains.
These observations have been carried out
with special facilities since an observatory
was established near the apex OF the noun
tain in 1893
Mauna kea. the eliminating point Of
the big island Of Hawaii, 10 frequently
ascended, though the cool temperature
at the top causes much shivering among
visitors who have spent months in the lower
attitudes Of this island group. The noun
tain is streaked with snow the year round
and derives its name, which means white
Mountain" from this fact.
Overlooking Philippine waters in the
northeast corner OF Borneo il Kinabalu,
which was first assembled by Mr.. Low in
1851. 1t rises almost vertically above the
surrounding heights and is difficult Of
ascent. The natives who live on its lower
slope have stripped the entire mountain
OF timber except q few trees and brush
wood, which survive only on the more in
accessible precipices.
few years ago great stories we're told
Of q mountain in New Guinea over 10000
feet high, but later explorations have proved
that this was merely sailors romance.
The eliminating point Of the big island is
Mount Victoria. in the Owen Stanley range
In British New Guinea, first assembled by
the Austrian explorer Martin in 1883.
As the traveller approaches the south
central coast Of Sumatra. he sees the isolated
peak Of Cunning KorintJa. also known
by the name Of Indrapura. rising above
all the other mountains. Vapors are
almost constantly emitted, and Veth and
Van Hasselt have described it's crater az
very wide and several hundred yards deep
All the world knows OF FuJiyama, the
highest mountain of Japan and one Of the
most symmetrical in the world, though
a very severe earthquake some years age
partly destroyed the symmetry Of the uppe,
part of the cone Formerly worshipped
by one OF the Buddhist sects, it is the ever.
lasting theme Of poetry and art and is otter
reproduced in rather conventional manner
on the porcelain and many other artistic
articles Of Japan.
Shows cover its rounded crest for ter
months very year. 1t completely dwarfs al
other eminences within the horizon anC
exceeds by some 5000 feet most of the Other
Japanese volcanoes. Sir Rutherford AL.
cock was the first European to ascend
FuJiyama, in 1880, and the not very diff
cult feat has since been performed by
hundreds of travellers.
Perhaps Mount Erebus. the great volcano
OF Antarctica, discovered by Capt. Ross
in ls41, will never be assembled. 1t is COW
cred with snow and ice from its base, and az
1t stands on the edge Of the sea it's entire
height Of over IL 900 feet in fully revealed.
The British Discovery expedition has
ascertained the interesting fact that the
twin mountains Erebus and Terror stand
on an island instead Of being on the main
land, as Ross supposed. When Ross was
there the volcano was emitting fame and
smoke, but in recent years it has been
quiescent.
The famous Mount Cook of New Zealand
waited long for an explorer to reach its TOP
and found him at last some fifteen years
in th<. Of rla n ar
Green, who, with his Alpine guide, finally
looked down from the great eminencs
upon the lower but glittering peaks which
dominate snow fields covering many hun
dreds Of square miles.
As the traveller approaches the Island o
TenerifTe ne sees while still far out at Sc,
the extinct volcano Pico de Teide. in ap
pearance one Of the most remarkable noun
tains and made familiar to most childre,
by textbook pictures.
The highest point of Java, Gunun
Semeru, is one Of the most famous Of vol
canoes. From it's crater was discharges
in 1885 lava stream estimated at owe
10 900 900 cubic feet, the first Of the kim
recorded in Java, where till recently tn
volcanoes were supposed to eject no NOTE
matteI, DuI ohly ooiiu oooe'dhees' Suen q
ashes and stones.
No special mention need be made OF tn
other mountain in the above list, exceptin
Mount Petermann, on the east coast G
Greenland. which rises over 1900 feet abov
the sea, was discovered by the Germa
expedition Of 1870, and like many othe
mountains has lost part of its estimate
height, for it was long represented as bein
IL 600 feet high; and Pedrotallegalla in Cey
lon, which is curious in this respect tina
no one approaching it would imagine tina
he was near the highest point OF Ceylon
because it is completely concealed by SUI
rounding peaks 1t therefore cannot b
seen from the surrounding plain, but onl
after travellers have entered the mour
tains.