davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-04-18

The New London Times reports the
death of Eli Hagen, who died at Brain
erd April 4. The funeral occurred at
Irving on Friday of last week. Two
other deaths occurred at Irving last
week. The baby-daughter of Mr.. and
Mrs. Anton M. Anderson, Anna Jo-
hanna, aged Is months, died Monday
evening last. The funeral occurred
yesterday. Julius Stem, a single man,
died April 10 and was buried Monda y.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-04-18
RtngvilIe.

April 10.
Several farmers will finish seeding
this week.
Rev. and Mrs. Tolo visited in this
vicinity Monday.
Miss Julia Sonstegard, who is at
tending the St. Cloud Normal, spe ut
ner Easter vacation at home.
John Halvorson and his sister Rina
visited at Mrs. P. Quistberg's SUNDAY.
F.. L. Peterson spent Sunday and
Monday at home.
George Olson is visiting at Trying,
MINI.
Ole Anderson, Fred Thorgard, Theo-
dore Shipstead and others will leave
tor Canada next Tuesday.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-04-18
THE new LAND PURCHASE LAW
WILL GREATLY BENEFIT IRElAND,
By PATRICK ECAN

administered Will practically revOutOniZe the
IN E3 dltaon of things in Ireland operation of tho
IL III land purchase law present in Ireland
N~ though limited in scope, has that
the change from tenant serfs peasant proprietora
brings out all the best traits of the Irish character in the de
uo OF industry thrift in habits of living
and' above ALL in their love for home and land
The PROPOSED LAW WILL CONVERT PEOPLE INTO A.
STURDY RACE OF SMALL PRoPRIEToRs, FROM THE eR
TAI oomINEERING AND ExAcToNs OF THE LAND
LORDS AND 1T WILL NOT DIMINISH BUT, ON THE CONTRARY:
VIII VASTLY STRENGTHEN, GENUINE IRISH hAr
TioNALlTY ~ WV
Up to the end of 1898 all the affairs of the coune.
were dominated by the landlords who always selected by tho
grand Those grand jurors without any 40
countaby to the Taxpayers assessed collected expended tho
entire local taxation they made all county appointments gave out
all contracts controlled all licenses sanitary and local
fairs.
line new local government law which into
January $780, transferred all those rights the landlords To-
the people, AND UNDER THEIR NEW POWERS THE PEO-
PIE HAVE MADE THE SITUATION VERY UNCOMFORr-
ABLE FOR THEIR OLD TASKMASTERS.
lhe enormous reductions their i'll gotten
loss OF their local and influence have brought
change of heart the landlords that they
sell out the tenants buy and the landlords
who have most earnestly bsoug the step and
settle the question.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-04-18
THE GREAT
AUTHORITY OF OUR
PRESIDENT

10 sovereign has greater authority than the PRESIDENT and
few extensive No sovereign has greater RESPONSE
bllties, and few equal Think what the president has
& done in the last six speak of the office and
of the incumbent)
The president called army existence differed clothed
it, armed it. equipped it, collected navy; then commander
chief of boh successfully prosecuted with results perhaps
important and fareacng waged the GLOBE Then
the PRESIDENT through his secretary took
pacied its people, stood guard and from outside
ference and from internal contention while authorized
by created constitution adopted nuar congress
elected and then the PRESIDENT through his secretary war; said
Are ready? And the came, Aye SIR the
president REPLIED Hoist away and Aag fresh the
womb of liberty sprung forth be kissed of heaven
while obedience the president
through the secretary of doomed forth and welcome
to THE FIRST EMBLEM OF INDEPENDENCE EVER
HOlSTED BY AUTHORITY OF ANOTHER NATION
The PRESIDENT through his secretary of war; took the
Philippine archipelago and with such
thence have the affairs of those islands been administered
people both and petition the report that the
sentative of the president likely the States It
president through his secretary of who took the initiative
bazed the for the adjustment complications involving all
Chrsendom in its relations with the orient
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-04-18

concerned to keep in with the Bible than with
body theology with anybody philosophy metaphysics but
vuures will hatch vutures and of ncuba
ton them Matching eagles canaries DISCl
PINE A THING THAT is ESSENTIALLY BAD, AND IT
WILL BECOME MORE AND MORE THING GLORL
OUsLY BAD.
Hepty of air will assist to rpen ripening fruit but it will
also hasten the rong of rotten fruit The mistake that
evouon make in thinking that evolution always something
good naured and that each change pleasant lift upward
As matter of fact only makes thing completely
what is already Mere evolution will change bad into
good man. it will put into him what not there BEFORE
and the thing about the human heart what it already
AS KNOW HIM IS ESSENTIALLY BAD. THE BIBLE
WE KNOW DOCTRINE OF MANS ESSEN.
DEPRAviTY COMFORTING
oey, TERRFlcALLY SCRIPTURE TO
TORY, EXPERIENCE AND OBSERVATION
There times when realize with unwonted cearness the
deep that necs the individual heart and when appre
with keenness full of pain how dismal doctrine of
holiness that grounds itself only the hearts natural
containnRs. ~..... ,.s.-.. =. 1880. -.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-04-18
The Economy OF Probation Work
BY MISS ANNIE ROOME,
Court Probation Onacer, Brooklyn, N. Y.

The immediate saving to the community when
an offender is paroled in charge of probation Off
Ger is obvious: The boy who is watched in his own
home instead of being committed to an institution,
the man or woman who is left at liberty to con-
tlnue daily work instead of being confined in re-
formatory or Jail is not burden on the taxpayer.
An equally direct advantage is scarcely moro
remote: The most practical way of essening the
burdens OF the citizen imposed through ravages Of
the criminal class lies in the DreventOn Of narDerex
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-04-18
scandinavian Relief.

scandinavian Relief.
Additional amounts received on &C.
count of Scandinavian relief fund of
Kandiyohi county.
Through James Sanderson, Kandi-
yohi station:
A. J. Peterson. .... Sl.OO
James Mattson. 900. rs
Peter 81. Norman. 100
Total. ............ $225,
Through J. c.. Saboe, Burbank:
TO. To]o. .Sl.00
Wrol Wrolson. .... rs
G. Oldland. so
W. Price. ..... so
Total. ............... 32.25
Adolph Samuelson, Spicer. So Lou
Unknown. .......... ..... Leo
Previously acknowledged. 2,135.0S
Total to date. .S2I41.55
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-04-18

The Stomach Glands.
The human stomach contains 5.OOn..
OO glands which are constantly secret.
Ing gastric juice.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-04-18
OUR |LLITERATES:: s ."s t hs'fs ste s Rs%
of the incumbent.)
BY Rev. Dr.. DONALD SACE-MACkEY Of New York

Society Running Wild"
MAckEY Of ew York
1877 IN spite of the Wanted progress of the nineteenth
1l fury today just much the slaves of vulgar
ostentaton fathers when the last century
N&SWSgb still young. EVERYWHERE THE DRAGS
ARE OFF AND THE WHEELS OF COMMERCE
AND SOCIETY ARE RUNNING WILD. When the stoppage
will it mustor how it will tell
sHREwD WALL STREET
scENTlNG APPROACHING CONNER
STANDPOINT.
They tell that the limit of ovecapitazaon and headsrong
speculation reached and the reaction unless gradually
will spell from the Atlantic the Pacific How that
be commercial prediction do know, but from the
standpoint of religion the evil results of this overeborated mode
of living among the poor well the rch
already with
There be life of worthy thought where existence
loaded down with the garites of luxury.
TWO MOST LLlTERATE CLASSES SOCIETY TODAY
AFFECT POOR, NECESSITY
THE NEEDS THE BODY AND THEREFORE
NOTHING ELSE, BY.
WHAT
wITAAL THEY SHALL BE CLOTHED
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1903-04-18
man AS WE KNOW HIM
is ESSENTIALLY BAD
BY Rev.
Or. CHARLES n.
PARkhuRST
OF New York

CHRISTIAN IS NOT A SINNER WHO HAS LEARNED
TO QUARREL WITH HIS SINS, NOR A MAN WHO
HAS BEEN TRAINED OR CULTIVATED INTO CHRIS
TiANHooD NOR EVEN DRIVEN INTO IT BY THE
DESPERATE ASSAULT OF A MADDENED CON-
SCIENCE, BUT ONE WHO HAS BEEN REcREATED IN
CHRIST JESUS.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1903-12-18
Thirty Years Aqo.

From The True Northerner of Dec TO- 1873
Decatur sportsmen will give their first
annual game dinner at the Duncombe
house on Christmas.
A young man by the name of Camp
who resides with his mother about a mile
north of town, committed suicide last
Saturday night by taking arsenic.
The dam at Briggs mill gave way
Thursday night. The sudden letting
down of waters carried away the dam of
the Paw Paw mills, the Willard dam,
the bridge across the stream on Kala-
maZoo street, the railroad bridge and the
dam of Lee and Mason at the old wooden
mill on Main street. The dams were all
washed out to the very foundation bot
toms.
The case of the people VS.. Milo DeHart
Mattison was on trial at the above date
This case occupied the time of the court
for nearly the entirely month Of Decem-
Der. The report of the trial in The True
Northerner occupied IS columns of solid
matter. Among the we'll known citizens,
attorneys, officers of the court and wit
nesses were Samuel Holmes, Darius f..
Comstock, John Van Arman, Newton
Foster, Jerome Coleman, VIM. II Tucker,
f.. .. Briggs NJ. U. Richardson, Chas. T..
Galligau, Charles Duncombe, Thomas
Browning and r. NJ. Chadwick, none of
whom is now living
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1903-12-18
Among Our AtgectSers.

Read H. G. Waters & Co : holiday list
C. A. Norwood has a new adv. this
week.
Pit" the latest game, is advertised
by K. f. Chappell.
The Candy Kitchen has new Christ
mas adv. this week.
Broughton mentions few of many
Christmas gifts in his adv. this week.
Pugsley d Shepard make some valu.
able Christmas suggestions in their new
adv.
/. j. Cummings has something import
ant To say To holiday shoppers in his adv.
this week.
The Thompson Furniture Co. adver-
tises furniture for the holidays special
sale prices.
You ought to see Mar. and Mrs Geo
books stock of dolls aud other Christ
mas goods. \
Notice w. j. Warmers adv in this
paper, and as you pass 10y the store look
at his holiday display of candy aud
groceries
w. b. Cooper d. Son join the process
sion of advertisers in The True Norther-
Dcr this week Home baked goods, gro
ceries and the lunch room are their
strong points.
Every visitor coming to Paw Paw be-
tween now and Christmas is invited to
invited to visit Sellick's and inspect their
fine display OF holiday goods. No end to
the number of useful presents, priced at
moderate figures.
The underside Of every cloud is bright
aud shining, and so we turn our clouds
about and always wear them inside out
AID show the lining f.. Smith e. Co.
are showing the bright side of prices on
clothes as a Christmas greeting.
This is the season of the year that +.
Smith q Co. always have the pleasure of
waiting on hundreds OF lady patrons;
they enjoy it, too, and wish there we're
more holiday seasons, for the ladies can't
come to often man or boy likes
something he can wear-for a Christmas
gift
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1903-12-18
ARE YOU SATISFIED?
" Not, What Better Proof Can Paw Paw
Residents Ask For?

This is the statement of a Paw
Paw citizen.
The testimony of a neighbor.
You can readily investigate it.
The proof should convince you.
Mr.. Frank Koons, employed
at the court house, says: Il be-
lieve | strained my back and
hurt my kidneys, for | had at
lacks of kidney complaint at in
tervals, each succeeding one be-
ing worse than the previous.
Urinary difficulty followed and
if ! caught cold or grew over.
heated the Secretions from the
kidneys were too frequent and
suffered from a dull pain in my
back almost all the time. Seeing
Doan's Kidney Pills spoken of
SO highly for all kinds of kidney
trouble j procured a box at f.,
b. Longwell's drug store and
took them according to direc-
tons. They stopped the back.
ache and regulated the kidney
secretions in very short time.
J unhesitatingly recommend a
trial of Doan's Kidney Pills to
anyone suffering from any form
of kidney trouble"
For sale by all dealers. Price,
so cents. Foster-Milburn Co.,
Buffalo, N. Y, sole agents for the
United States. Remember the
name, Doan's, and take no SUBJ
stitute.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1903-12-18
Good For Children.

The Pleasant to take harmless One
Minute Cough Cure gives immediate re-
lief in all cases OF cough, Group and la.
grippe because it does not pass immedi.
ately into the stomach, but takes effect
right at the seat OF the trouble. 1t draws
out the inflammation, heals and soothes
and cures permanently by enabling the
lungs to contribute pure life-giving and
DEMONSTRATING oxygen TO the blood and
tissues. DIR. Armstrong of Della, Texas,
prescribes it daily and says there is no
better cough remedy made. Sold by f..
y, gwell. m
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1903-12-18
Delivered His MESSAGE Literally.

Senator Hoar tells Of a profane
Washington lawyer who. having a
case pending, told his Office boy to
go over to the supreme court and see
what the -- they are doing. When
the boy arrived an important case
was being heard, the bar and court
being crowded with listeners. Seeing
the boys inquiring look. the chief JUS
tice interrupted the remarks of Mr..
Choate. one of the counsel and said
to the lad: What do you want, my
boy?" "Mr. Blank told me TO come
over here and see what in - you
was up to" was the reply.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1903-12-18
Paw Paw School Notes.

p. IL. Kelley called at the high school
Friday.
A list of new books for the library is
being prepared.
The winter term OF school will COM
mence January L.
Floyd Hiestand is in school again at
ter an illness of several weeks.
Reviews are in progress preparatory to
the term examinations, which will be
given next Tuesday and Wednesday.
Leo Pugsley of Antwerp travels seven
teen miles day to attend school. He
has made the distance each day during
the week.
Bessie Holt, Anna Lake, Harry Wilson
and Charles Turrell visited the Malta
wan school Wednesday afternoon. They
report that Eva Campbell, of the class
of '03 is having the best of success as
teacher In the primary department.
The first and second primary room:
will hold Christmas exercises Wednes
day.
The Clio club will present the follow
ing program today, Friday:
Essay-"The Necessity of Name,
Hazel Nortl
instrumental Solo ----.-...- -. Geotge LindermaI
Recitaton-"Do Not be Greedy" ---.---.
Edwin Quaterma
Debate-Resolved, That the Name of Abraham
Lincoln is the Greatest in American Histor,
Afirmatve-Lillian Pierce, Leo Mather Der
Barber
Negative Katherine Fitzgerald Bert Richmond
Fred Charles
Essay Harold Jacobs
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1903-12-18
L0ooI a. q NisooIIooe0os'
Personals.

Harley Brock of Jackson is visiting IL
town.
Harry Douglass is home from Alpena
for a short vacation.
Mrs. r. G. Geary of Marion, Ind, is
the guest OF DR.. and Mrs. Hubbard.
@. r. Taylor returned from Battle
Creek, Wednesday, much improved IL
health.
Prof. Harry Snow and family of Lake
Geneva, Wis, will spend the holidays in
Paw Paw.
Leland Gorton went to Ann Arbor
Wednesday, for treatment at the Uni
versity hospital.
Mr. and Mrs. John Clapp of Dowagiac
are in Paw Paw to spend the holidays at
the home of his parents.
Chas. Rooster and family have gone
20 Chicago for the winter. Their house
will be occupied 10y T.. p. Grimes.
Fred Mason, who has been working in
Chicago for some time, returned home
laid up with inflammatory rheumatism.
Harry Pepper aud Ross Broughton,
who are attending the medical college
at Detroit, will return home tonight for
the winter vacation.
Glenn Warner, Wade Killefer, VIM.
Fitzgerald, Frank Sanger, Leon Travis
and Nina Waters, all of whom are at
tending the University of Michigan at
Ann Arbor. will arrive tonight to spend
the holidays.
Frank L. Van Ness, the Chicago artist,
visited Paw Paw friends the forepart of
the week He was on his way home
from trip of 1900 miles, all over the
United Stats on commission from the
Frisco system, for which he does some
clever landscape work Frank had been
away from home about 80 days.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1903-12-18
A Thousand Dollars Worth OF
Good.

\. II. Thurns, a we'll known coal oper-
ator of Buffalo, O., writes: II have been
afflicted with kidney aud bladder trouble
for years passing gravel or stones with
eXcruciating pain. got no relief until
| began taking Foley's Kidney Cure
then the result was surprising A few
doses started the brick dust like fine
stones and now ! have no pain across
my kidneys and | feel like a new man.
1t has done me a 81 900 worth of good
T.. b. Longwel. m
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1903-12-18
Our Local Markets.

Following are the prices paid by our
merchants and dealers for the products
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1903-12-18

faded out, care-worn woman of 40
with spruce Ito. date husband should
take Rocky Mountain lea. Brings back
that youthful, girlish beauty Keeps
the old man from going to the lodge. 80
cents. h. b. Longwel. m
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1903-12-18
MdrryG0e Licenses.

Bruce f. Parker, 20, Garden Plain, III.
Eta May Crosby, 10, Bangor.
Orville Kennedy, %; Nellie Minshall
Is; both of Bangor.
Lemuel Il. Fish. 81; Eta j. Brooks
Is; both of Covert.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1903-12-18

1t warns the heart like sunshine,
cheers the soul like ancient wine, gives
hope for the future, blots out the past.
That's what Rocky Mountain Tea does.
30 cents, at +. b. Longwell's. m
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1903-12-18
To Cure a Cold in One Dav

Take Laxative Bromo Quinine Tablets
All druggists refund the money if it fails
to cure. +. w. Groves signature is on
each box 25c. ly
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1903-12-18
New SUITS.

Carrie Cole VS.. Chas. Cole; divorce.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1903-12-18
Mexican Trade.

Mexico is buying abroad about s75..
100000 worth (gold) a year and sell.
ing abroad over s195, 900, 900 worth
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1903-12-18

A glass or tNo OF water taken half an
hour before breakfast will usually keep
the bowels regular Harsh cathartics
should be avoided When purgative
is needed, take Chamberlain Stomach
and Liver Tablets They are mild and
gentle in their action, For sale 10y
Longwell Bros m
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1903-12-18
THE CANDY KITCHEN!
For Christmas Candies

Christmas Candies, Fine Fruits and Nuts of all kinds
We loaded down with the largest shown
Paw Paw and prices LOWEST for have fresh
goods.
Our line of Candy Toys Many funny things and
Tree Ornaments
Our Pan line is full and there's nothing better than Fresh
Home Made Candies.
Now don't be stngy boys but remember that girl with
box Of Lowneys she will be than And ladies'
remember best fellows husbands with gold
med Pipe pretty Playing Cards. of the other
things which we have for you.
See window display and will be glad you here
for your Candies, for is Quality, price
Merry Christmas and Prosperous New Year to All.
Respectfully,
MR. AND MRS j. H. WALL
New-York tribune., 1903-04-07
PRESBYTERIAN REPLIES TO CHAFFEE
The Rev. Dr. Brown Says There Are 100000
Chinese Protestant Christians.

At a meeting of the Presbyterian Union, held
last night at the Hotel Savoy, the Rev. DR.. Arthur
]. Brown. secretary OF the Board Of Foreign Mis-
sions, who recently returned from a trip around
the world replied TO General Chaffee's assertion
that he had never met intelligent Chinaman in
China who wished to embrace Christianity.
Dr. Brown, in his address "A Travellers I'M
preston OF the Church's Opportunity in ASIA. said
that there American saloons and gambling
houses in Jerusalem and that all our vices were
working into the heather world.
General Chaffee is reported to be responsible for
the statement he said, that he had met no in
telligent Cinnamon in China who wanted to en-
brace Christianity. 1t is not common for men
and it is hardly expected that Cinnamon should go
to their cOnqueror and ask about Jesus Christ. 1
have often heard them express their desire TO do
So The humble Cinnamon who embraced Chris
tianity showed marvellous courage after left
them to journey to other fields. Do they want-do
they need the creed of Him? Yes. If they don't want
Jesus Christ they most certainly didn't want Gen
eral Chafee Why, already in China there are one
hundred thousand Cinnamon who have embraced
the Christian fath-I mean the Protestant Church
Is this evidence that General Chaffee is right?
The Rev. DR.. Henry van Dyke, after saying that
he didn't always have the sympathy of his friends
in this city, continued:
What the prospects of Church? They are
brighter. Why? Because getting rid of
considerable hindrance, and we are beginning to
look at the right sort of inspiration We have
given undue attention 10 minor points of the doc
trine during the last twenty years. There have
taught and believed. Predestination and hell for
children, as a matte; of fact; the Presbyterans
make up our minds once to state it. and we haven't
gone back an inch
New-York tribune., 1903-04-07
DAVID BRINKERHoFF lVIsoN.

David Brinkerhoff Ivison. the schoobook pub
Usher. died yesterday at his home. No. u West
Forty-eighth-st. He in his sixty-eghth year.
Mr. Ivison was a director and president
of the American Book Company. He was the son
of Henry Ivison. founder of the old firm of Ivison
Brakeman & Taylor book publishers
David B. Ivison was born in Auburn on June 25,
1885. and was educated in the public schools and
academies in Auburn. After engaging in farm life
Auburn and spending a year in Minnesota,
he entered his fathers business. When his father
retired from active work. in $780, he took his place
the head of the business
In 1890. to avoid unnecessary competition, his
firm went into combination with the Appletons,
A S. Barnes g. Co., the HGrpers and Cincinnati
house, under the of the American Book
Company, which published the schoolbooks of all
the firms
Mr.. Ivison married in 1860 to Emeline
NJ. Crane. daughter of Daniel Crane, of this city.
For time he lived at Rutherford. n j.. where
he elder of the Presbyterian church He
was of those who founded the church in 1868.
TO this church he made many gifts, among them
that of a parsonage in 1899.
He member of the Aldine and Union
League clubs and the Geographical Association
and of the Union Club of Rutherford.
New-York tribune., 1903-04-07
BANK INDICTMENTS DISMISSED.
Found Ten Years Ago at Time of the Com
merciaI's Failure in Brooklyn.

Indictments found ten years ago in the case OF
the Commercial Bank in Brooklyn. which went into
the hands of receiver that time. dismissed
by Justice Gaynor the motion of District Attorney
Clarke of Kings County yesterday. This winds up
all the litigation growing out Of that failure OF the
indictments dismissed. two were for perjury and
two for forgery in the third degree. all against
John ]. Vail, who cashier of the bank The
other indictments were for misdemeanors. and
were against Robinson Gil! and Ebert Snedeker.
who were directors os the bank.
The District Attorney said yesterday that nothing
had been done with the indictments in the last ten
years because the various District Attorneys did not
want to embarrasS the civil litigation pending be-
tween the depostors and certain of the directors.
Mr. Clarke added that he did not think the men
under Indictment could be convicted. Before mov-
ing for the dismissal of the indictments the Dis
trict Attorney obtained the approval of the COM
active in pushing the cases against the old Of