davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08
Destruction of western Ranges.

Being born and raised in the heart
of the range west of the Rocky noun
tains, and having observed from year
TO year the destruction of the feed
upon these ranges by the immense
herds of cattle, sheep and horses, am
constrained TO write word regarding
this destruction. Twenty-Five years
ago the valleys and mountains of
Idaho, Nevada and Utah we're waving
with rich grasses. enough sbeing pro-
duced every year to feed more head of
cattle than has ever been grazed on
1t in any five years. providing 1t had
been fed as stock Is fed on any good
farm. We cannot term It destruction
where grass is consumed by the stock
turned into beef. mutton or horsenesh,
but when the grass Is eaten and the
roots trodden out and the ground left
barren 1t Is destruction. | have OBJ
served that cattle will Craze on a
range from year to year and there will
be little damage done to the roots of
the grass, but with horses and sheep
IL Is not the case. Horses eat the
grass to the very roots, exposing them
to the hot sun, and the roots die.
Sheep do not eat grass when they
can get weeds that they like. but woe
to the range that they traverse. AS
| write | look upon Mount Cuddy and
see great clouds of dust rising. If
you could be transported to the scene
on the mountain side you would see
some 2000 sheep in drove travelling
along the mountain in the cool of the
morning eating their breakfast. They
nip little on this bush and a little
on that one, while under their feet is
being trodden the rich grasses, which
they seldom touch. This brand of
sheep will tramp and uproot the grass
until it becomes too hot to travel, then
they will take refuge beneath the
brush and trees until evening. when
they will again begin their march of
destruction. treadng out thousands of
acres of grass during one summer
This has gone on from year to year,
until now the mountains and valleys
OF the far west lie brown and barren
in the scorchng sun. Not even a
sheep can exist in many of these once
beautiful grassy plains.-F. l.. Feath'
erston, in Practical Farmer.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

The Frehoh consul at Manila. in n
recent report. gives an explanation of
some of the chief features of the COM
plicated system of weights and meas
ures in use in the Philippine Islands.
The unit of weight for hemp, sugar,
copra and grain is the "picul," which
is equivalent to 139.467f pounds
United States standard. and the
''picul" Is divided into 100 Gates"
Grain Is also sold by dry measure. The
standard is the "cavan." which is
equivalent to 6S.1 United States
quarts or 2.13 bushels. The "cavan"
is made up of 25 "gantas" t2.724
quarts each) which in turn contains
8 "chupas" (22.SS cubic inches each),
of 4 "aptanes" each (5.644 cubic inches
in each "aptan'D. Tobacco and
ramie are sold by the "quintar in
bales of 2, or qpintals each. The
"quintal" Is equivalent to 101.41
pounds and is divided into "arrobes"
of 25.35 pounds. Oil sells in tina
jas" or Jars, of 16 "gantas" each. the
'tinaja" holding about 5071 quarts
and the "ganta" being equivalent to
3.17 quarts. Indigo is sold in three
grades. the standard being a ease
or chest" The case of the first
quality contains from 7T1.61 pounds to
iSs1.S4 pounds. the second quality
\case from 6613S pounds to 771.61
pounds, and the third quality from
1902 pounds to 551.15 pounds.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08
BIGGEST RANCH IN TEXAS
Includes Half a Dozen Counties.
About Three Million Acres.

The "X, |. T." In the Panhandle is
the greatest ranch in Texas. embrac.
ing half a dozen counties and contain.
ing nearly 100000 acres. The
ranch is divided into seven sections,
each managed by foreman, and con
nccted with the Headquarters by
means of telephones. The whole is
run with the system and dispatch
which characterizes all great indus
tries. On this ranch now run con-
siderably more than 100000 head of
cattle, and an idea of the size may be
gained from the fact that the pasture
fence extends 210 miles in one di.
rcction aud 25 in another, making a
total of about 5000 square miles.
From time to time small parcels of
the land have been sold. and mean.
while valuations have appreciated
from so cents an acre to four times
that amount.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08
Demand fer RollInn Stock.

During the present year the South.
ern Pacific has secured 103 locomo
tives and 5000 freight cars, but owing
to the Increase in freight traffic. caus
ed largely by the development of the
Texas oil field, It will require consid
cradle additional rolling stock, and
according to Vice President krutt
schnitt has decided to purchase 75
additional locomotives and more tank
cars. Contracts have been let for SOC
of the tank cars.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08
Winter Keen of Cabbage,

Cabbage may be kept by any mode
which nearly excludes the frost, pre-
serves a cool temperature, and slight
degree of moisture. A pile resting on
the earth would keep better than II
resting on a floor. and would require
less protection. 1t would be likely
thus to receive a proper degree OF
moisture. A common way to keep
cabbage by the quantity is to leave
them out in the ground until near
the end of November, and then pull
and place them inverted on smooth
ground, packed closely together in
beds five or six feet wide, with six
feet spaces between. They NAV he
thus left till the ground is about to
freeze, when the earth between the
rows, is dug and placed as covering
on the inverted heads, about six inches
thick, the tips Of the roots projecting
above. With less labor, the spaces
may be plowed and narrowed until
the earth is fine and mellow before
1t is placed on the cabbage, the plow
throwing the earth nearest to them
upon the heads. With this treatment,
the work must be done earlier than
by hand in order TO have the soil
in right condition and it is always
best to cover them up as late as
practicable. 1t is important that the
ground has very thorough drainage.
A great many regard it as of great
Importance to plow the earth many
times, making 1t mellow two feet
deep in forming a trench or hollow
to place them in; then the mellow
earth is thrown against the heads with
the plow. The frost cannot penetrate
the mellow capth. II the work is done
before very cold weather sets in
the central part of the row may be
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08
ORIGIN OF rne RED caoss.
Henri Dunant, After Battle Of Sol.
ferino, Creates Ambulance Corps.


Henri Dunant, to whom has Just
been awarded one of the Nobel prizes
In France Is the founder of the Red
Cross Society of Geneva. After the
battle of Solferino he created an am
bulance corps and hospital staff In
the midst Of all the horrors of the
field of battle. His task was facill-
tated by the accounts that came to
Europe OF the Civil war In the United
States. He met with encouragement
rather from tho regal caste than from
the ministerial and diplomatic classes,
who thought him n bore But the
world valued his work. Dunsnt spent
his fortune on Red Cross organiZa.
tions: II Is strange that Nobel should
enable Dunart to spend his old aee
In comfort. They both hated war. but
Nobel exercised his inventive genius
in trying TO prevent II by multiplying
tho powers of destruction on the field
OF battle. while Dunant only thought
of softening them Five years ago
NJ. Henri Dunant fell ill., and, rs he
had spent his fortune. had to go. like
any poor man. to n hospital. A sub
scription was set on foot for his re-
lief. The name of the Empress of
Russia figured at the head Of the list.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

The farmer cannot afford to have
good tools and machinery on his farm.
unless he can afford to have buildings
to protect them from the weather, and
he cannot spend an hour or a day
more profitably than in cleaning them
up, overhauling them and making re-
pairs on them before they are likely
to be wanted again. The plows, har-
rows and more expensive machinery
left out of doors this winter will de-
te riorate in value more than one-flfth.
The loss would more than pay the In
terest Oh the cost of good building
to shelter them in, and in many cases
exceed the taxes on the farm. If they
were not properly cared for when last
used, take one of these fine days and
gather them up, clean them, oil all the
iron work and paint all the wood work.
Never mind getting a painter to do
the job. Buy can of ready mixed
paint and a cheap brush. Use any
color that you like. but use 1t freely,
not as an ornament. but as a preserva-
tive of the wood as the oil is of the
iron. We heard of two farmers who
owned harrow in partnership, and
thought 1t should be painted. but
could not agree on the color. Finally
they compromised, and one painted
his half black, while the other used
yellow ochre. We never learned which
half wore out first. While overhaul
ing. see that all bolts and nuts are in
place and broken parts mended.-The
Cultivator.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08
Annlos on the Trce.

The risk which spectators and
dealers are willing to take in buying
apples on the trees and attending to
the harvesting and selling themselves
not infrequently proves a great boon
to the grower. In large apple-growing
regions it Is rapidly becoming the Gus
tom for farmers to sell their apples in
this way, and If one studies the ques-
tion of values, and knows how to cal
cuate the worth of his fruit on the
trees, IL Is a good thing to dispose of
the apples in this way. The purchas-
ing companies are generally able to
make better arrangements for trans
portatlon with the railroad companies
than the individual farmer, and they
also employ Fl small army of expert
pickers and packers who accompany
them from one orchard to another.
They can consequently pick and pack
apples at less expense than the farm
er who must depend upon whatever
help he can secure In the harvest sea
son. More than this, the spectators
who buy the apples on the trees know
better how to distribute the products.
The apples are carefully sorted by
them in different grades. 1t might
prove a useful lesson to any grower
to study their methods. First. there
come the choice apples for export or
the fancy city trade. These are select
ed with the greatest care and packed
carefully. often being wrapped in in
dividual tissue paper. For barrel of
such apples packer told me he ex-
pected to receive s. and Sc in ordinary
times. Very few farmers could secure
such prices. The demand is, of course.
limited, and the purchasers are hard
to find by the average shipper. II is
the experience of the men who make
a business of handling the apple crop
that helps them to secure these ex-
traordinary prices.
The next grade of fruit is ordinary
prime, which usually represents the
grade called fancy in the ordinary
market. These apples are also care
fully picked and packed. but not
wrapped in paper. They command all
the way from So to 81 per barrel. Then
DtlDW tiltiIi are lilt SuJu
fruits, which sell for about So barrel.
In markets when apples are scarce,
these speculators ship another grade,
which passes as common to ordinary,
and they may sell from s1.50 to $3.50
per barrel, according to market condi-
tions. Anything below these are
packed up any way and shipped to
some factory. where the apples are
dried, and the poor sorts made into
jelly. Sometimes the large apple spec
ulators have their own canning, dry
ing and jelly factories. which they
keep running with the fruits they can
not dispose of satisfactorily in the
market. In this way there is no
waste. Every apple is quickly sent to
market or the factory when the farm
er would lose.
They can and often do pay more for
the fruit on the trees than the grower
could get for 1t II he picked. packed
and shipped 1t himself; 5ut as said in
the beginning, one must know the val
ue of his apples on the trees. The
apple spectators are not Offering
more money for the fruit than they
are worth II is for the grower to find
this outs. w. Chambers. in Ameri-
can Cultivator.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08
AgBlEESA}q6AI lEES|{|A}
To Feed uors clover Hay.

A Massachusetts, reader wants to
know how to feed hogs on clover hay
as the bulk of the food and at the
same time keep them in growing con-
dition?
Probably the best plan would be to
cut the hay and feed It as n slop in
conjunction with ground grain. The
hay should be steamed, but If you
have not the facilities to do this pour
boiling hot water ON 1t and after stir
ring It add the grain and then stir II
again thoroughly.
Corn. oats and clover hay in equal
parts ought to make o good ration for
the average hog. and they should be
fed three times day as much as they
will cat up clcan.-New York Weekly
Witness
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

ing commences, the whole covered
with the mellow soil. For early win.
ter use. cabbage may be stored In
cold cellars packed in large boxes. of
damp moss; or they may be set in
their natural position in low boxes
filled with earth, damp moss, damp
snwdust. or placed in heaps out of
doors. and covered with foot of
chat. or with straw.-Charles Ashley
in The Epltomist.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08
STATE OF ONO, CRY or TOLEDO,

LUCAN tOUNTN.
FRANZ ]. CHESEr makes oath that he il tDs
senior partner of the firm OF F. ]. CHENEY 4
Co. doing business inthe City ofToledo, County
end State aforesaid. and that said firm will pay
the sum Of ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS for each
and every case OF cATArRu that cannot be
cured by the use of Halls CArARTu OURE.
FRANK J. CHENEY.
Sworn to before me and subscribed in my
49,, presence this 9th day OF December
SEAL A. D., 1885. A. W. GLEASON.
49, Notary Public.
Halls Catarrh Cure is taken internally. and
acts directly on the blood and mucous surfacei
OF the system. Send for testimonials, free.
F. ]. CHENEy & Co., Toledo, o.
Sold by Druggists, 75c.
Halls Family Pills are the best.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08


scribe the best, and as know and have
proven that there is nothing in Matcria
Medica which equals Lydia r.. Pink
hams Vegetable Compound in
severe cases of female disorders, I
unhesitatingly prescribe it. and have
never yet been sorry. | know OF moth
ing better for ovarian troubles and for
falling of the womb or ulcerations IL
absolutely restores the affected parts
to their normal condition quicker and
better than anything else | have
known it to cure barrenness in wo-
men, who to-day are happy mothers of
children. and while the medical pro-
fession looks down upon patents,'
have learned, instead, TO lookup to
the healing potion, by whatever nnmo
it be known. If my fellow physicians
dared tell the truth, hundreds of them
would voice my sentiments. ~ DIR.
WANATA, Lansing, Mich.
$4,000 forfeit II e5ope tcstinortaf Is not genuine.
The record of Lydia T.. Pinkham's
Vegetable Compound cannot be
equalled. Accept no substitute.
Mrs. Pinkham advises sick wO-
men free. Address lynn. Mass.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

Brooklyn, N. Y, Jan. 10th.-A very timely
mud practical suggestion comes from physi.
clan OF this city; he fays Take Garfield
Tea. the II r1 Medicine. 1t is especially
needed at this season, when the system is apt
TO b. out OF order from eating rich food. This
wonderful remedy cleanses the system and
regulates the liver, Kidneys stomach and
bowels It is simple pur. and effective, an
is good YoY Young and old "
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08
Marriages Then and Now,

They used to get married at seven
teen and have seventeen children; now
they get married at twenty-five, but
they don't have twenty-five children,
New York Press.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

II. II. GREENS SoNs, of Atlanta, Ga, are
The only successful Dropsy Specialists in the
world. See their liberal offer in advertisement.
in another column OF this paper.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

ot tho season lin ten colors) six beautiful
heads Con six sheets, l0xl2 inches), reproduc-
lions OF paintings by Moran, issued by Gen
eral Pass enger Department Chicago, Mil
waukee & 81. Paul Railway. will be sent or
receipt of % cents. Address F. A. Miller.
General Passenger Agent, Chicago.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08
A NOTED PHYSICIAN
Makes an Important Statement
of Interest to All Women.

"DEAR MRs. PINKUAM THE hon,
est, intelligent physician is above the
School Whatever is bc5. in each
case should be used, no matter to what
school a physician belongo. /, as a
matter of conscience, can only pre-
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08
HAT For the HnHeIa

No matter what ails you, headache to a
cancer, you will never get well until your
bowels are put right CAscARErs help nature.
cure you without grippe or pain, produce
easy natural movements, cost you just 10
cents to start getting your health back. Cas-
CARETs Candy Cathartic the genuine, put up
in metal boxes, every tablet has C. @. c.
stamped on it, Beware of limitations.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

Mrs. winslow rs Soothing Syrup for children
teething, soften the gums, reduces infismma-
tion, allays pain, cures wind collie. 25c bottle.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

FITS permanently cured. No fits or nervous
ness after first days use OF DR.. Kline's Great
Nerve Restorer. S2trial bottle and treatise free
DIR. r. H. KLINE, Ltd, 93l Arch St., Phila Pa.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

Four per cent OF sailing vessels aud two
aud one-half per cent OF steamships are
lost in year.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

Tn Newfoundland and Labrador cramps
arc said to be guarded against by carry.
ing q Gods head or bone from a haddoel;
caught without touching the boat.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

Norway's coast line is 100 miles in a
straight line, but over 1900 il followed
round the fiords.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

Love letters are eagerly scanned by the
male inspectors.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

PUTNAM FADELEss DYES are fast to sun-
light, washing and rubbing. Sold by all drug
gists
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

Some men take time by the forelock,
while others hang on to his coat tails.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

Some fellows are ready to stand up for
the fair sex until they fnd themselves in
n crowded car.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

Automobiles have established a mile-a
minute record.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

Iamsure Piso's Cure for Consumption saved
my life three years ago.-MRs. THOMAS Rob-
BINS, Maple St., Norwich, MY, Feb. II, 1900.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08
The Haudsomest Calendar

Only five in 1000 criminals are under
twelve years of age.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

There is never any nuctuation in the
price OF wild oats.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

Our own misfortunes are always the
greatest.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08

Eggs to the value of $4,000, 900
were imported by England during 1900
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08
Capsicum Vaseline
Put up in Coilapsible Tubes.

Substitute FOR and Superior TO Mustard or any
other plaster, and will not blister the most delicate
skin. The pain allsying aud curitice qualities OF
this arti lie wonderful Itwl stop the toothache
at once. and relieve headache and sciatica.
We recommend It as the best anil safest external
counter-irritant known, also external remedy
for pains in the ches. and stomach aud MI rheumatic.
neuralvic and equity complaints.
trial will prove what claim for It, and II win
be found to be invaluable in the household. Many
people say at is the best OF all ur preparations"
Price, ) cents. at all druggists. or other deals,s.
or by sen ling this amount TO us in rostago stamps
we will send you tubs by mail.
No article cHould be accepted by the public unless
the same carries our label. as otherwise it Is not
genuine.
CuEESESR0UGH MANUFACTURING CO.,
IL Site Street, New YoYk City.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1902-01-08
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N CCORDING 10 cXpcrts Tho
~ cost of building the best sort
~ of macadam road is about
$4,000 mile. and that of
New-York tribune., 1902-08-16

SUFFERED FOR MAN LNPRLSON
ITALIAN SAYS INSTALMENT DEALER
WANTS TO COLLECT FROM HIM BILL.
OF SING SING PRISONER.

Another instalment case, in which an Italian
says he was made to suffer for the purchases of
a man now in prison, has been brought to the
courts. Frank Penta is the alleged debtor
and Philip Stromberg, of No. }33 Grand-st is
the creditor Stromberg says that Penta owes
him balance of S34 on a gold watch. and
Penta, through the Umberto Legal Aid Society.
declares that the watch was purchased by one
Mercurio. now in Sing Sing. To this Mercurio's
wife agrees. and Mercurio is to be produced in
court on a writ of habeas corpus to testify in
the case.
Stromberg's side of the case, as told to a Trib-
une reporter yesterday is as follows He has a
contract signed by Penta, showing that the
Italian bought the watch about three months
ago, and paid several instalments on it. StrOm-
berg after demanding a full payment or the re
turn OF the property. brought suit. He declared
that the Mercurio case is entirely different
Penta declares that he has a letter addressed
TO Mercurio and himself jointly. and also that
Stromberg, after first agreeing to settle for So
raised his demand TO S15 Penta is a poor coal
dealer, whose place of business is at No. 2l3
Sull1Van-St- He says that his first intimatOn
OF the affair was in a letter received last May,
informing him that he and MerCurio had pur
chased a watch from Stromberg. When he
told StrOmberg that Mercurio owed for the
watch he declares that he was laughed at, and
later served with a summons. The unusual
thing about the stories told is that MerCuriO has
been in prison for more than a year, whereas
the sale, II is said, was made in May.
New-York tribune., 1902-08-16
SEVENTY, WOULD BE POLICEMAN.
AGED MAN THE ONLY ONE LEFT OF
BROOKLYNITES WHO WANTED TO
BE SPECIAL OFFICERS.

Police Commissioner Partridge yesterday de-
MED the application Of Edmund a. Rockwell, Of
Brooklyn, for special officers badges for s. NJ.
Grouse and ten other residents of the neighbor-
hood in which the Latimer murder occurred
It was the intention Of those living in the Eeigh-
borhood To arm themselves and watch for burg
lars. a vigilance committee was formed. which
called on Colonel Partridge and asked for special
officers badges.
4 told them. at that time" said Colonel Part
ridge yesterday. that they would get protection
and if they wanted to do their own patrolling
I would give them the special officers licenses
/ told them, however, that they would have to
put in their applications and have Them acted
on in the regular way.
Mr.. Rockwell made the applications shortly
afterward. Since that time the excitement has
cooled down considerably. I called the cap
tain Of the precinct for a report each Of the
candidates for a shield. Six of them could not
be found. -Four others said that they no longer
wanted the shields. The remaining one is more
than seventy years old.