davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18
AN OKLAHOMA TRAGEDY.
w. T. McMichae1 shoots w. f. john
son and Latter wounds His Slayer.

OKLAHOMA CITY. o. T.. June l7.-Wll-
liam 7. McMichael shot and killed W. Z.
Johnson, a wellknown young business man.
en- the street here to-day. the result Of a
dispute over contested land claim. While
he was lying on the ground Johnson shot
McMichael in the abdomen. johnson ex-
pired within a few minutes. McAlichael can
not live. The shooting took place in the
north end OF the town. z. F. Brown. editor
Of the Times-Journal. and Johnson were
standing together on the sidewalk when
McMichael approached and began firing
without warning In the exchange OF shots
that followed. Brown fired five shots but
without effect. McMichsal had previously
threatened 20 kill both Johnson and Brown.
The latter and McMichael were taken into
custody McMichael asserts that Brown
and not Johnson shot him. johnson was
vice president Of the Classen Real Estate
Company. He fought in the Cuban cam
paign as a member OF Troop u OF the
Rough Riders and was personally known
10 President Roosevelt.
Spectators say that when Johnson fell
with a bullet in his head. and as he was
DYING he raised himself upon his elbow
rested his pistol his wrist and fred
twice at McMichael one shot struck Me
Michael IN the abdomen, the other going
wild, and he dropped his revolver and ran
for aid. Johnson died in ten minutes
big crowd gathered and there was a move
TO lynch McAiichael. but when IL was found
he had been wounded, perhaps fatally, they
deslsted.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18

In yesterdays Journal was an account
of the twenty-fifth anniversary OF the part
nership of a law firm which has won an
enviable place in the profession. One of
the significant points of the account is
that each of these lawyers agreed not TO
become a candidate for office while a mem
Der of the firm. As young men they were
wise enough to see that officeseeking and
oflceholding would interfere with their
success as lawyers. They have probably
been successful because they adhered TO
the compact OF twenty-five years ago. But
in not being candidates for office the law
yers in question have not been without in
terest IN political affairs. Both are party
men. attend primaries, have been delegates
10 conventions. and have taken an active
part in campaigns as speakers when it
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18

When Mayor Harrison declared that
'any anti-Hopkins delegate to the Demo-
cratic State convention who voted for
Hopkins in the convention for State chair
man Is self-confessed boodler.' he showed
the quality of the Democratic harmony in
Chicago. Mayor Harrison also charges
HoDkins's friends with using a big bundle
of money TO buy up delegates pledged to
vote against Hopkins. which not only
bears witness to harmony but to the fine
quality of Democratic management by one
OF their number
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18

The movement in New York to make Mr..
Cleveland the Democratic candidate for
President diseloses the density of the ig-
norance of some men as to public senti-
ment- Because they favor thing they
think all others must. An element of the
Democratic party would support Mr.. Cleve-
land, but 1t is small and select. There may
be 1900 Democrats in Indiana who would
have Mr.. Cleveland President again. but
2o,OO OF them did not vote for Mr.. Bryan
in 1896. In that respect they were in ac-
cord with Mr.. Cleveland.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18

Judge jenkins. of the United States Cir
cult Court. favOrs the abolition OF an
elective judiciary in state courts and the
appointment Of judges by the Governor.
This was formerly the system in many OF
the States. In this State under the old
Constitution judges OF the Supreme Court
were appointed by the Governor. by and
with the advice and consent OF the Senate.
for a term OF seven years. The circuit
courts consisted OF president and two as
sociate judges, or whom the first was
elected b. joint ballot Of both branches of
the General Assembly and the other two
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18

1t is remarkable that $4,000 men in In
diana who declared they would never cease
TO shout l6 to 1 until the free coinage of
silver was an accomplished fact suddenly
and simultaneously discovered that there
is enough primary money without the use
of silver
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18

has seemed to be duty. In other words
they have been good party men because
they probably believe in party government
and believe that good citizens should par
ticipate in political affairs. 1t is probable
that there would be many more able law
yers, business men, professional men,
farmers and mechanics in Indiana to-day
if they had not devoted so much time to
seeking and holding Office
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18
Misund crstanding.


Philadelphia Press.
Mrs. Slangay-Surely, John. you haven't
brought any one home to dinnerl
Mr.. Slansay-Surely. havel Haven't you got
any grub for 'ein?
Mrs. Slangay-Of course not. You told me
you'd bring home couple of Holsters for dinner.
Mr.. Slangay-Well. that's them in the paror
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18

If any OF the literature produced in In
diana or the use of the term "Hoosier' as
applied to its citizens has hurt the State
1t would puzzle a committee OF experts TO
tell how. 1t would be hard to find a State
that has made or is making more progress
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18
Amenities.

OhlO state Journal.
I'm so sorry / was not at home when you
called yesterday" gushed Mrs. Hipperkrit, who.
TO tell the truth, was at home.
II so afraid you would be-" replied Mrs.
Crusher. who had seen Mrs. Hipperkrit through
the window.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18

II the Irish members OF the House Of
Commons carry out their declared inten-
ton Of taking no part in the coronation
ceremonies of King Edward they will ad-
vertise their own folly without accomplish
ing anything. The French Canadians in
lower Canada walked out of church when
TIE Deums were sung on the accession of
Queen Victoria in 1887. but the British gov
eminent went right on.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18
Sized Up.

Catholic Standard
Mrs. Gaussip-Do you think those newcomers
would be likely to join our Browning Society?
Mrs. Sharpe-O not at all
Mrs. Gaussip-Why. what sort of people are
they?
Mrs. Sharpe-They're the sort OF people who
have crayon portraits on easels in the parlor
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18

The present secretary Of war is not only
one Of the ablest the country has ever had
fertile in suggestions for the betterment
Of the army and for it's efficient use as an
arm Of the government. but he knows what
he is doing all the time and assumes re-
sponsibility for all OF his acts The people
like that kind of man.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18

The attempt to boom Grover Cleveland
for the Democratic nomination for Presi-
dent in 1904 will probably be short lived
Personally one Of the strongest and best
men in the party, there are obvious rea-
sons why his nomination for a third term
and fourth race would be an invitation to
defeat
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18

Now the love-song's written,
And I'm feeling gay;
Send the airy nothing
In the mail away.
Watch, then. for the postman,
In the gilded morn,
When the dew is cleaning
On the rose and thorn.
Look not on the dark side,
Imogen. my soul,
When the golden FLYER
Means "A ton of coal.
r. K. Munkittrick, in July Smart Set
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18
In 1910.
Town Topics.

1OWn TOPICS
Hiram crushing in)-Great gosh, Mirandy, it's
rainin' cats an dogs!
Mirandy-Oh. dear! I'll bet anything that one
Nv them there airships that wuz carryin the
circus has blown up.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18
Selecting a Motto.

Washington Star.
80. my brave boy" said the veteran, you
are going into the army?'
II am" answered the hgh-browed youth.
MY motto shall be Excelsior -
Don't adopt any such motto as that"
We'll, then, Conquer or die! "
mo"
What would you suggest?''
Think before you speak,
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18
THE HUMORISTS.
At Riverside.

Harvard Lampoon.
Mary Lamb-Hark how the river roars!
Charley sIam-It must be suffering the tortures
Of the damned
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18
An Experienced Angler.

T
Ethel-Would you consider Percy Monckton a
good catch?
Madge-Certainly-if all the others got awayl
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18
THE INDIANAPOLIS JOURNAL
Can be found at the following places

Can be found at the following places:
NEW YORK-Astor House.
CHIcAGo-PaImer House. p. o. News Co, III
Dearborn street, Auditorium Annex Hotel.
Dearborn Station News Stand
CINCINNATI. r. HawIey & Co.. 154 Vine
street
LOUISVILLE-C. 7. Deering. northwest corner
OF Third and Jefferson Streets Louisville Book
Co. S4 Fourth avenue. and Blaufeld Bros. Az
West Market street.
ST. LoUIs-Union News Company. Union Depot.
WASHINGTON, D C--Riggs House. Ebbitt
House. Fairfax Hotel. Willard Hotel
DENVER. COL.-Louthian & jackson, Fifteenth
and Lawrence streets.
DAYTON. OIL. v. wilkie. 80 So. jefferson
street.
COLUMBUS. o.-viaduct News Stand. Ss4 High
street.
The establishment Of reciprocal trade re-
lations between the United States and Cuba
Is so distinctly in the nature of a treaty
that it might very appropriately be left to
the treaty-making power
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18
TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION.
weekly Edition.

Ole copy one year.. ...-'oy Ce"l
Five cents per mOnth for periods less tnan
year No subscription taken for less thaa three
months
REDUCED RATES TO CLUBS.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-06-18

Subscribe with any OF numerous agents OF
send subscription 10 the
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-02-09

carefully and thoroughly tamped or
rolled before the road embankment is
commenced No perishable material
should be used in forming the permanent
entertainments. Where possible the Ion
gitudinal grade should be kept down to
foot in 30 feet, and should under no cir
cLmstances exceed / in 20, While that
from center TO sides should be main
tanned at l foot In 20 feet,
Wherever the subgrade soil is found
unsuitable it should be removed and re-
placed with good material rolled to a
bearing, !. e., so as to be smooth and
compact. The roadbed having been
brought to the required grade and crown,
should be rolled several times to COM
pact the surface. All inequalities dis
covered during the lTcsing I shoulA
leveled up and rerolled. On the prepared
subgrade the earth should be spread,
narrowed If necessary, and then rolled to
a bearing by passing the unballasted
road roller number of times over every
portion of the surface of the section
In level countries and with narrow
roads, enough material may be excavated
TO raise the roadway above the sub
grade in forming the side bitches by
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-02-09

or from pits close by, elevating graders
and modern dumping or spreading
wagons being preferably used for this
purpose. When the earth is brought up
TO the final height, it IS again narrowed,
then trimmed by means of road Jewelers.
or road machines, and ultimately rolled
to a solid and smooth surface with road
rollers gradually increased in weight by
the addition Of ballast.
No filing should be brought up in
layers exceeding inches in depth. Dur
ing the rolling sprinking should be at
tended to wherever the character of the
sell requires such aid. The cross section
OF the roadway must be maintained dur
ing the last rolling stage by the addition
of earth as needed. On clay soils layer
of sand. gravel or ashes spread on the
roadway will prevent the sticking of the
clay to the roller. As previously ex-
planned. the finishing touches TO the road
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-02-09

with level Zig. III at the bottom 10 a
depth of about feet. and should have
a continuous fall throughout their entire
length of at least inches for each 100
feet in length. If tile drains Gig. 12)
can not be had, large, fiat stones may be
carefully placed SO as To form a clear
open passage at the bottom for the flow
of the water Zig. 49, The ditch should
then be half filled with rough field stones,
and on these a layer OF smaller stones
OF gravel and layer of sod, hay, gravel
cinders, or straw. or, If none of these can
be had, of soil. If field stones or drain
tile can not be procured, satisfactory re-
suits may be attained by the use Of logs
and brush, as seen in fig. II.
Ii there be springs in the soil which
might destroy the stability of the rood
they should, If possible, be tapped and
the water carried under or along the
SHE until it can be turned away into
some side channel Such drains may be
made OF bundles of brush, field stones,
bick, or drain tiles, They should be so
protected by straw. sod or brush as to
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-02-09

should be used in selecting new material
with which they should be immediately
filled because a hole which could have
been filled at first with shovel full OF
material would soon need cart full. 1t
should, if possible, be of a grayelly ma
ture, entirely free from vegetable earth,
muck, or mold. Sod or turf should not be
placed ON the surface. neither should the
surface be renewed by throwing upon it
the wornout material from the cutters
alongside This last injunction, if rightly
observed and the proper remedy applied
would doubtless put an end to the de-
plorable condition of thousands of miles
OF earth roads in the United States.
A roadmaker should not go to the other
extreme and fill UP ruts and holes with
stone or large gravel. IN many eases it
would be wiser TO dump such material in
the river. These stones do not wear uni
formly with the rest of the material, but
produce bumps and ridges, and in nearly
every case result in making two holes
instead of one. Every hole or rut in a
roadway, if not tamped full of some
good material like that of which the
road is constructed, will become filled
with water. and finally with mud and
water, and will be dug deeper and wider
by each passing vehicle.
The work of maintaining earth roads
viii be much increased by lack of care
III properly finishing the work. The
labor and money spent in rolling a newly
made road may save many times
that amount al labor and money
in maing future repairs. After
the material has been placed
IL should not hewlett for the traffic to
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-02-09

consolidate or for the rains to wash off
into the bitches, but should be carefully
formed and surfaced, and then, If pos
sible, rolled. The rolling not only con-
soldates the material, but puts the road
bed in proper shape for travel immediate
ly. If there is anything more trying on
man or beast than to travel over an I'M
improved road, it must be to travel over
one which has just been worked" by the
Anticipated methods now in vogue in
many of the States
Repairs by Road Machines.-The trav-
eled way should never be repaired by the
use of plows or scoops. The plow breaks
up the compact surface which age and
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-02-09
.-Sutdrain made with field stones.

Fig 13.-Sutdrain made with field stones.
be made sufficiently firm and smooth to
sustain the traffic without rutting and
resist the penetrating action of the
water. Every road is made smoother,
harder and better by rolling figs 10 and
20) Such rolling should be done in damp
weather, or If that is not possible, the
surface should be sprnkIed if the char
acter Of the soil requires such aid for its
proper consolidation.
Construction.-In constructing new
earth roads all stumps, brush, vegetable
matter, rocks and powders should be re-
moved from the surface and the result
ing holes filled in with suitable material
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-02-09

traffic has made tolerable. Earth roads
can be rapidly repaired by a judicious
use of road machines figs. % and 23l and
read rollers. The road machine places
the material where it is most needed,
and the roller fig. 24) compacts and
keeps il there. The labor saving ma
chinery now manufactured for road build
ing is just as effectual and necessary as
the modern mower, self-binder and
thrasher. Road graders and rollers are
the modern inventions necessary to per-
manent and economical construction.
Two men with two teams can build more
road in one day with a grader and roller
Than fifty men can with picks and SHOW
els. and do it mere uniformly and more
thoroughly.
Use Of Wide Tires.-Doubtless the best
way TO keep an earth road. or any road,
FOR that matter nmHnpair is by the use
of wide tires 4on all wagons car
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-02-09


every loaded wagon becomes in effect a
road roller Nothing 50 much tends to
the improving of road as the continued
rolling OF its surface
Tests recently made at the experiment
stations in Utah and Missouri show that
wide tires not only improve the surface
OF reads but that under ordinary circum-
stances less power is required to pull a
wagon on which wide tires are used. The
introduction in recent years off wide
metallic tire Gig 26), which can be
placed on any narrow-tired wheel at the
cost of 50 each, has removed one very
serious objection TO the proposed sub
stitution of broad tires for the narrow
ones now in use.
Time TO Repair Roads-Repairs on
Garth roads should be attended to par
ticularly in the spring of the year, but
the great mistake of letting all the re
pairs go until that time should not be
made The great want of the country
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-02-09

cleaned and left with the drain thing
connections, if any. in good working
order.
Clay soils as a rule, absorb water
quite freely and soften when saturated,
but water does not readily pass through
them; hence they are not easily sub
drained. When used alone, clay is the
least desirable of all road materials, but
roads constructed over clay soils may be
treated with sand or small gravel, from
which comparatively hard and compact
mass is formed which is nearly imper-
vious to water. Material OF this charac-
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-02-09

are repaired only annually or semi AN
nually they are seldom in good condition,
but when they are given daily or weekly
care they are most always in good con-
6ition, and, moreover, the second method
costs far less than the first A portion
Of all levy tax money raised for road
purposes should be used in buying i'm
proved road machinery, and in con-
structing this year few miles of inn
proved stone or gravel roads.
SAND ROADS.
The only exception to the instructions
given on road drainage is found in the
attempt TO improve d sand road The
more one improves the drainage Of a
sand road the more deplorable becomes
its condition. Nothing will ruin one
quicker than to dig a ditch on each side
and drain all the water away The best
way to make such road firm Is to keep
IT constantly damp Very bushy or
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-02-09

Fig. H.-Russell steam road roller built
in all sizes and can be used for rolling
roads, crushing stone. saving wood,
thrashing. etc.
ter found in the natural state, common
ly known as hardpan. makes, when pro-
perly applied, very solid and durable
surface In soil composed of a mixture
of sand, gravel and clay all that is
necessary to make a good road Of its kind
is to crown" the surface, keep the ruts
and hollows filled, and the bitches open
and free.
Filling the ruts.-Roads are prone 70
wear In ruts, and when hollows and ruts
begin to make their appearance on the
surface of an earth road. great care
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-02-09

Fig. f0.-Instrument used for grading
SUBURBAN ditch TO receive tile.
having been treated in the preceding
pages, the next and most important con-
sheraton is that of constructing and inn
proving the various kinds of roads.
in the preceding pages, the next and most
important consideration is that of con-
structing and improving the various
kinds of roads.
EARTH ROADS.
OF earth roads, as commonly built, it
suffices TO say that their present condi-
tions should not be tolerated in eommuni-
ties where there are any other materials
with which to improve them. Earth is
The poorest of all road materials, aside
from sand, and earth roads require more
attention than any other kind of roads,
and as rule get less At best, they
possess so many defects that they should
have all the attention and care OF which
their condition is susceptible With
earth alone, however, very passable
road can be made, provided the prin-
ciples of location, drainage, and shape OF
surface, together with that of keeping
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-02-09

than any other highway material Drain
age alone viii often change a bad road
into a good one, while on the other hand
The best road may be destroyed by the
absence of good drains.
Rolling.-The same can be said OF roll
ing. which is very important matter
in attempting TO build or maintain sat,
isfactory earth road. If loose earth is
dumped into the middle of the road ana
consolidated by traffic, the action Of the
narrow-tired wheels cuts ii or rolls it
into uneven ruts or ridges, which hold
water, and ultimately results, if in the
winter season, in sticky muddy sur
face or if it be in dry weather, in cover
ing the surface with several inches of
dust. If, however, the surface be pre-
pared With a road machine and properly
rolled With 4 heavy roller 1t can usually
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-02-09

Fig 9.-Miless drainage scoop for pre-
pairing bottom of ditch for the tile
drains.
prevent the soil from washing in and
clogging them.
DIFFERENT KINDS OF ROADS.
Most of the roads in this country are
or necessity constructed of earth. while
in q few of the richer and more enter
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-02-09

rying heavy burdens. Water and narrow
tires aid each other in destroying streets,
macadam, gravel and earth roads. Mar
row tires are also among the most de-
structive agents 10 the fields, pastures,
ana meadows OF farms, while on the
ether hand wide tires are road makers;
they roll and harden the surface, and
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-02-09

Fig 26-The Richardson" adjustable
tire in place on wheel Of farm wagon.
road is daily care and the sooner we do
away with the system of working out"
our road taxes, and pay such taxes in
money, the sooner will it be possible TO
build improved roads and - hire experts
20 keep them constantly in good repair.
Roads could then secure attention when
such attention is most needed. If they