Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-09-22
SHAW ON RECIPROCITY
Speech at Mason's Park in
Chicago.
PUBLIGAN RALLY
REVIEW OF McKINLEY's SPEECH
AT BUFFALO.
Special Tariff Treaties Not Entering
Wedges to Policy OF
Free Trade.

secretary shaw or the treasury OepnA|
ment was the principal speaker at repuo-
lican rally at Mason's Park. Chicago, Sat
urday night. His text was reciprocity. He
said:
81 have been requested to discuss reci-
procity as outlined in the several recent
national republican platforms. This l am
glad to do for 1 most heartily believe III
that political doctrine. 1 do not consider
it a step toward free trade but the natural
handmaiden of protection.
ut is cardinal principle with the repub-
licau party to protect the American laborer
The republican party takes the ground that
IL the product of his labor Is protected ne
will be able to protect himself with the
proceeds. The opposition party has always
taken the other view. 1t has leslslateo
avowedly in the interest Of the consumer
and on the theory that it matters lstie
what he sells his labor at provided ne cal
buy cheap. 1t has invited the unrestra1Ieo
impor tation Of the products OF 1orelsh IA
Dor and has levied thereon only sucn outieS
as were deemed necessary for purposes OF
revenue 1t has again and again deciafeo
that the whole protective policy uncoH-
stitutional. We have established NaS.iy
higher standard Of living IN America tnan
in any other country of earth. Comparing
class with class, American artisans WITH
foreign artisans, American clerks WIN Lul
eign clerks and American day laoore,s VIVA "a
foreign day laborers, our people I'VE IN
better homes than do the people OF any
other country.
American Toiler Better Paid.
"And the reason lies in the fact that the
American toiler. In whatsoever field. re-
ceives better compensation, and therefore
becomes a much larger consumer; ana.
being the largest consumer In the world. ne
affords his brother American toiler the best
market In the world.
For nearly a century We nave struSeieu
for commercial independence. we nave
builded, advanced, improved, during every
period when we have had tarin Tor pro-
lection and our Industries have gone TO
pieces every time, and always, Wnen we
have had tariff for revenue only. Onoer
a protective policy we nave culit up our
manufacturing interests until now our rae
tories turn out more in value than ali the
shops and all the factories of any other
two countries on the map, by more imam
three thousand million. We now nave a
surplus of manufactures as well as food
products; and the all-important question
confronting US Is what shall we do with Il!
For the more common articles OF manuIac-
ture, like iron and steel and glass, and the
product of the loom and the spindle, We
need more markets. In fact, we must have
them; for if the ability Of our people to
consume should be materially checked either
by prolonged and acrimonious tariff agtta-
fronted with a surplus, and labor will again
seek employment in VAIN
IF 1 have made my premises clear, the
conclusion is irresistible. I am not advo-
eating opening our markets to the unre-
stricted trade of foreign countries. That
must never be so much as thought Of.
Some Unratified Treaties.
Under the provisions Of the Dingley bill
certain treaties were prepared and signed
during Mr.. McKiniey's first term. They
have not been ratified. Before referring gen.
orally to the merits Of one or two Of these
treaties I want to call attention to the
fact that the republican platform has de-
clared in favor of reciprocity, and the then
President authorized these treaties. No one
supposes for a moment that William Nc
kfnley did this without knowing of their
contents and without approving them in
detail.
Next. I want to emphasize the fact that
the last speech made by that hero and
statesman was his first and preliminary
speech preparatory to an aggressive move
ment in favor of their ratification. I doubt
II speech was ever misrepresented as
much as that one has been. The opposi-
ton papers throughout the country seized
upon 1t as declaration in favor of tariff
revision. There are not three consecutive
sentences that permit of such a construc-
ton.
He said: If. perchance, some Of our
tariffs no longer needed for revenue or
to encourage and protect our Industries at
home, why should they not be employed to
extend and promote our markets abroad?
He does not say why should they not be
removed-thrown away. What he does say
Is. Why should they not be employed to
extend and promote our markets abroad?
You cannot employ them by removing them
gratuitously. He explains how. sReci
prochy treaties he says are In harmony
with the spirit of the times Reciprocity
treaties are the means pointed out by VIII
Hoy III ty,to for OF
needed tariffs to extend our trade abroad
That is the whole import of that speech:
and in it he gave notice that he proposed
to use every honorable means to secure the
ratification of those treaties.
Review Of the Treaties.
81 now want to refer to just one of the
several treaties Take the one with Arsen-
tina. The treaty provides that the United
States shall admit the wool. the hides and
the sugar from Argentina at a rate of dutv
20 per cent below the regular Dingley tariff
and in consideration of this reduction Ar
gentina is to give us 80 per cent reduction
from her regular tariff schedules on canned
salmon, Holsters. corn, succotash tomatoes
apples dried and evaporated fruits paraf
fin wax and windmlls and 20 per cent re-
duction on bacon, oatmeal, cracked wheat
and hominy and other cereal foods and on
certain kinds of Irvine and cotton rope We
are also to have certain advantages on a
large number OF manufactures of wood
Similar treaties were drawn with other
countries. Under the DingleN bill 20 per
cent reduction might be allowed under
treaty duly ratified, In other words our
minimum tariff under the Dingley act is 20
per cent below the regular schedule. The
minimum tariff in France differs on differ
ent items, but amounts to about 30 per cent
less than their regular tariff rates. France
has given number of countries the adj
vantage over us her markets. The only
way we can get equal concessions is to
give her some little concession in our mar
ketS. ~ II
Our Market Abroad
LAS soon as our manufacturer crosses the
sea and begins, to build up his trade and
offers his goods at a. price that will insure
sale he is confronted at home with the
accusation of seilingi cheaper abroad, and
with threat that hts home market will be
destroyed by the removal of the tariff For
eign countries do not do this. They encour--
age their exporters. and these exporters are
expected to sell cheaper abroad than at
home.
IT have with me six samples of sugar,
l IL \