davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1902-12-13


THE OF TRAINS At
BAXTER SPRINGS.
DEPARTURE OF TRAINS.
No. NORTH BOUND.
no Mail NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.. 1925 am
II8 Joplin Express ...........II:45 pm
I2o Joplin Accommodation. -. $50 pm
SOUTH BOUND.
100 Meteor. ............. ..rI:45 pm
I47 Oklahoma Accommodation. gas am
EAST BOUND.
goa St. Louis Mail. ......... $40 am
goo Eastern Express. ........ 7:45 pm
gao Kansas City Passenger go. Gro am
346 Joplin Accommodation. Gas am
3a4 Kansas City Passenger go. 5:35 pm
348 Oklahoma Passenger ..... $50 pm
WEST BOUND.
goo Kansas Mail. 1885 am
3o5 Western Express. ......... $40 am
The above schedule. which went into
effect March "a, gives you first class SER
vice and unequaled opportunities to reach
all points north. south. east and west, via
the Frisco System.
For further information as to routes.
rates and connections. call on or address
CARL PETERSON. Agent.
The following illustrated pamphlets have
been issued for free distribution:
1.-THE Top Of the Ozarks"
''Feathen and Fins on the Frisco"
THE Ozark Uplilt."
"Oklahoma."
"Thcre isSomething toSee along the Frisco"
"Oil. and Where to Find H."
"Ansora Goats"
100 Acres for $l4.00."
The OzarE as a Sheep Country"
Any or all Of the above publications win be
mailed to any address upon application to
Passenger Traffic 0spasGsssaG
FRISCO SYSTEM 81. LOUIS.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1902-12-13

Baxter and Chetopa Mail and Hack Line.
Daily Except Sunday.
Leaves Baxter p. M; Keelviiie S;SO;
Meirose (, arrives at Chetopa at 9 p. m.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1902-12-13

Hot or cold baths at Written 4
Hartley's Elite barber shop.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1902-12-13

6. r. Gould has just received a
big lot of grass and clover seeds.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1902-12-13
and works of the Cold.

Laxative Bromo- Quinine Tablets
cure q cold in one day. No cure, No
Pay. Price Is cents.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1902-12-13

We want those parties who prom
ised to bring us come wood to come
on with it. In fact we would be
pleased to receive that wood.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1902-12-13

Baxter and Peoria Mail Line.
Daily except Sunday. Mail leaves Baxter
at TOO q. m.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1902-12-13

Mail and passenger trains run daily;
freight trains daily except Sunday. Mail
closes at postoface so minutes before train
time.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1902-12-13
How TO Prevent Group.

1t will be good news to the moth
ers of small children to learn that
Group can be prevented. The first
sign of Group is hoarseness. A day
or two before the attack the child
becomes hoarse. This is soon fol-
lowed by peculiar rough cough.
Give Cham berlain's Cough remedy
freely as soon as the child becomes
hoarse, or even after the rough
cough appears, and it will dispel
all symptoms of Group. In this
way all danger and anxiety may be
avoided. This remedy is used by
many thousands of mothers and
has never been known TO fail. 1t s,
in fact, the only RENE 1y that can al
ways be depended upon and that is
pleasant and safe to take. For sale
by A. K. Kane.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1902-12-13
Stops the Cough

Armstrong, the East Side barber.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1902-12-13

The services of the Christian
church will be held next Sunday in
the Baldwin hall. Preaching at IL
a. m. and 1880 p. m. Bible school at
10 a. m. The public is cordially in
vited to attend these services.
A. JONES, Pastor.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1902-12-13
n PENErRArEs
EUREKA SPRINGS.

The Hotel I; ues icing ri s:
and II open the year round.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1902-12-13
NEW PATTERNS -. .s;a,, e.

In wallpapcr-500 styles-at Pol
ster's Corner Drug Store.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-10-06

as Post No. - (name Of city, town, town
ship ward or precincO. The officers to be
post commander, adjutant and quartermas-
ter presumably by election). and an off,
Ger of the day and such other officers as
may be necessary for the transaction OF
business, to be detailed by the commanding
officer
"Second-County organizations, 20 be
known as district of (name Of county,, with
q district commander, an assistant adJu-
tant general and district quartermaster.
''Third-State organizations. to be known
as department of Gname of state); officers,
department commander, adjutant general.
assistant adjutant general and quartermas-
ter general.
'tFourth-The national organization, to be
known as The Grand Army of the Repub-
lic;' the officers TO be commanding officer,
ad1utant general and quartermaster gen.
eral''
In the constitution printed In the May fol-
lowing, the letters u. S. A. were not APP
pended to the title, but were used in sigma
lures to documents at that time and later,
making the title read, Grand Army OF The
Republic, U. S. A.
Posts were to have no direct representa-
ton in the department encampment. The
county or district organization was to be
composed of one delegate for every ten
members of the Grand Army of the District.
The District organization had general SUI
pervison Of posts, and the establishment OF
new posts. Each district was entitled to
one delegate in the department organza-
ton, which was to meet once in each year.
The national organization was to be COM
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-10-06

er part Of whom were our own comrades,
good and true. who were in no haste to lose
sight of every trace of the associations of
soldiers life, and let old acquaintance be
forgot
They were flushed with such victories as
no soldiers ever were before; hence, they
needed some resort where they might meet
together in social reunion and interchange
experiences and opinions, and thereby keep
alive the vivid scenes of war, interspersed
with incidents full of interest TO them, and
needed something to check the impulsive,
whose very spirit and fire made them such
good soldiers. Hence, It was conceived that
good might spring from these reunions, and
that, with certain rules and regulations
they might promote pleasure and security
10 the Independent. and material aid to the
dependent and organize the survivors of
the war into order that would be per-
petual In its existence, and so successful
In Its good work as to shed additional luster
upon its members.
The tree of liberty, watered and trained
by the influences of the Grand Army viii
send forth no disloyal shoots to dishonor
our flag; but every branch, as ii takes up
It's burden OF life, will have that vital prln-
clple OF loyalty so engrafted that treason
can never destroy 1t. And when the en-
campments that know us now shall know
us no more forever the feeling of frater-
nal regard we have nourshed will shed Its
silent tear over our graves; the charity we
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-10-06
GRAND ARMY OF REPUBLIC
How the Soldier Boys Came to
Form the Organization.
SOME APPALLING FIGURES
mastering of the First Post and the
Ritual.
DECORATING THE SOLDIERS GRAVES
The First Commander and Those Who Have
Followed After in Regular Order.

Born Of battle, non-political, non-sectar-
tan, the Grand Army of the Republic stands
unique among the organizations of men.
The child of war; its propaganda is let us
have peace" Its motto is FRATERNITY,
Charity and Loyalty its guidon and glory
the flag of the Union.
When General John A. Logan became the
second commander-in-chief of the Grand
Army of the Republic, at its fourth nation
al encampment. held in Washington, May
IL 1870, he defined its principles as follows:
The Grand Army of the Republic is not
o political organization, destined to serve
the ends of any political party, as is evil
dent in this, that all political parties are
represented In its membership. AS men and
patriots many of us mingle in national and
local affairs, but in doing so do not take
with us any benefits provisions of our
order; our only political creed being the
love of our country and its hallowed insti
buttons.
I'VE have but three objects obligatory
upon us as members of this order, namely:
To promote the love and practice of frater-
nifty liberal distributions of charity, and
unequivOcal loyalty. The founders of the
order were aCtuated by the fact that when
The wal ended we had on this continent a
million and half of fighting men, a great
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-10-06

1865. The Grand Army of the Republic,
which came into being year later, adopted
several of the titles of officers and the OBJ
jects of the Loyal Legion. There were
many small organizations of the young SOL
diers all Of them local in character, before
the Grand Army of the Republic came into
existence. They came speedily into the
larger organization when it was formed,
however. Kansas had an organization very
similar to the Grand Army of the Republic,
and New York had Soldiers and Sailors
Union" along the same lines, but they were
scarcely broader than the states in which
they were organized.
There Is no doubt at all that the great
military order had its birth long before the
smoke of battle had settled below the hori-
zon and Grant had written peace on the
blood-red sky of the south The chaplain
and surgeon of the 14th Illinois Infantry,
the Rev. William Rutledge, and Major B.
+. Stephenson were "bunkies' and bosom
friends during the civil war The war drew
to close and they were saddened by the
thought that parting would soon come, and
they and their comrades must go their sew
eral ways, possibly never to meet again.
In reflective sort OF way they discussed
the possibilities of a fraternal organization
or veterans of the war. fashioned on mill
tary lines, yet with constitution and by
laws approaching those Of the Masons or
In February 1864, while plodding along
with Sherman in his expedition to Meridian,
these two devoted friends promised each
other that whichever came QUE alive at the
end Of the war should proceed to enlist the
comrades in the organization Of a great So
clety OF soldiers Both came out alive and
In good health after four years Of arduous
campaigning, and theirtfirst efforts after thei
muster out were toward the organization
which they had 50 fondly planned.
Major stephenson's Ritual.
Major Stephenson had spent some time
preparing ritual, which Is said by those
who saw it. to have been longer by three
times than the Constitution of the United
States. and ten times as complicated. He
and Chaplain Rutledge worked 1t over ard
over, and got it into pretty fair shape be-
fore presenting 1t to their friends to pass
upon. 1t Is to be regretted that not very
careful records were kept at that time, and
it is more than probable that many who
should have been given credit for assisting
in launching the Grand Army Of the Re
public never got It, because no record was
ever made of the distinguished service.
The only names that have been preserved
of those who were associates Of the chap
lain and surgeon in their great work IT
preparation are the following: Col. John
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-10-06

1sham G. Harris issued a proclamation de-
claring the state out of the Union, although
the attempt to hold a convention to ratfy
the secession movement had been defeated
by big popular majority. And so the
circle of disunion was completed; the great
tragedy begun.
In this Grand Army there served first and
last more than 100000 heA,lng men. The
line of battle was something more than
1000 miles long, and from the opening gun
on Fort Sumter, April H. 1861 to the sur
render of General Robert E. Lee, April o,
1865, there were 2,26O battles and skirmish-
es fought IN thirty-four states and rrito-
ries.
In these four years of war 359, 52S men an
swered the last roll call. Beside this dread
full death list, 2S5, 245 were discharged from
the serv--a because of total disability OF
the vast army who died, 81 O5S were killed
outright in battle and 4O94O died Of their
wounds. Nearly 100000 died of disease and
IS 800 died of various other causes
The total number who died In southern
prisons will never be known, because few
records were kept; but from careful COM
putation the number is placed at 10000
Neither can the number who fill unknown
graves be ascertained accurately: but it Is
pitifully large, reaching far up into the
thousands
Some Appalling Figures
Here the history of the Grand Army of
the Republic but fairly begins. The official
records show some appalling figures. The
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-10-06

general. The first part of the minutes Of
that first meeting read as follows:
AT an informal meeting held April 6,
1866, for the purpose of organizing an en-
campment of the Grand Army of the Re-
public the following named persons were
mustered by Maj. Stephenson, and consti-
tuted charter members: 1. c. Pugh, Geo.
r. Steele, j. w. Routh, Jos. Prior j. H.
Neale, ]. T. Bishop, G. H. Dunning, A. F.
Sibley, NJ. F. Kanan, c. Reibsame, l. N.
Coltrin and Aquilla Toland. Upon motion
the encampment entered into an election Of
officers with the following result:
Officer of the district-Brig. Gen. I C.
Pugh, commandant district; Lieut.. Col. ].
H. Neale, district quartermaster; DR.. ]. W.
Routh, adjutant.
Officers of the post-M. F. Kanan, post
commander; G. r. Steele, post adjutant;
q. H. Dunning post quartermaster; G.
Reibsame, officer of the day; ]. T. Bishop,
officer of the guard; ]. w. Routh, post sur
geon, all of whom were duly mustered by
Major Stephenson, who then declared the
encampment duly organized and ready for
the transaction of any and all business
which might come before it, and assigned
to it the post of honor as Decatur En-
campment, No. l.
At the meeting on April 10. N. G. Burns
Henry German, N. E. Winholtz, w. II. An
drews and w. H. B. Rowe were mustered
in due form, and thus became the first re-
The very first work imposed upon the
newly installed officers was the revision Of
the ritual. The commanders charge. in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-10-06

been very kind in giving large publicity to
the call The convention met in Springfield.
July ~, 1866. i
Major Stephenson called the meeting to
order and appointed committee on organ
ization, who reported the following as Of
flcers of the convention: President, Col.
Walter B. Scates of Chicago; vice presi-
dents, Maj. Gen. B. NJ. Prentiss and Brig.
Gen. James NJ. True; secretary, Maj. Rob-
retaries. Capt. Thomas NJ. Thompson Of
Chicago and Private Fred H Hall of Chi-
cago; sentinel, Lieut.. r. F. Hawkes..
The following constituted the COMMITTEES
on resolutions: Col. John ]. Jones, Maj.
Gen. S. A. Hurlbut. Gen. n. Y Frohock,
Brig. Gen. Hiram F. Sickles, Capt George
Buterbaugh Adjt. Daniel w. Mum, Col.
A. c. Matthews, Col George 2. Smith, Cap
tain Hill, Gen. I. n. Haynie, Capt. Isaac
Clements and DR. George T. Allen. Major
General Hurlbut reported the following
resolutions from the committee, which were
adopted:
Resolved. That we, the soldiers OF the
Grand Army of the Republic. recognizing
the power of the principles Of association.
do hereby pledge ourselves, each to the
other, to render all material aid and as-
sistance in supplying the wants Of the
widow and the fatherless, and in furnish
wounded and disabled in the service Of our
common country. :
Resolved, That as we have stood by the
government at the peril of our lives in war;;
so will we make it ever our care that MOI
known enemy Of our country shall WELD.
power In the republic. but the same arms
which defended its sanctuary against open;
against all secret Vaccinations, and never
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-10-06

OF staff; Maj. Robert NJ. Woods adjutant
general; Col. John NJ. Snyder. quartermas,
ter general; Lieut. John S. Phelps aid-de-
camp; Capt John A. Lightfoot, assistant
adjutant general.
by order Of 4
"B. F. STEPHENSON, !
Commanding department" =
Trusted veterans were constituted "orS
ganiZers,' and were sent out through the
state to work up interest in the organiza-
ton, but 1t is n matter of record that at the
first there was little interest and no en-
thusiasm at all. Post No. 2. at SPRING
field, Ill, was organized some time between
April 10 and July TO- The records were not
kept Of the preliminary meetings, the first
in existence being dated July 10. These re-
fer to previous meetings, but indefinitely.
First Department Convention.
June 20 call was issued for a departs
ment convention which was held at Spring.
field, III. 1t is worthy of note that so little
interest was taken in the new organization
this call issued in the name of and
signed by prominent ex-soldiers who vera
not yet members of the organization, but
who loaned their names to help build 1t up. /
The newspapers of the time seem to have
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-10-06

fraternal feelings which have bound to-
gether, with the strong cords of love and
affection the comrades in arms of many
battle, sieges and marches.
Second-To make these ties available in
works and results of kindness, of favor and
material aid to those in need of assistance.
"Third-To make provision. where 1t is not
already done, for the support, care and edu-
cation of soldiers orphans. and for the
maintenance Of the widows of deceased SOL
ders.
"Fourth-For the protection and assist
ance of disabled soldiers, whether disabled
by wounds. sickness, old age or misfortune.
"Fifth-F'or the establishment and defense
of the late soldiery of the United States,
morally. socially and politically. with a view
to inculcate proper appreciation of their
services to the country, and to a recognition
of such services and claims by the Ameri-
can people"
To this section the national encampment
in Philadelphia, January, 1861 added:
But this association does not design to
make nominations for office or to use its in
f1uence as a secret organization for partisan
purposes"
Sailors Included.
The Indianapolis convention added the
word sailors" where omitted In the Spring
field constitution. and also added a new
section, from the constitution from the
Loyal Legion" as follows:
'Sixth-The maintenance Of true allie
glance to the United States of America
based upon paramount respect for and hdel-
ity to the national Constitution and laws
manifested by the discountenancing Of
whatever may tend to weaken loyalty. In
cite to insurrection, treason or rebellion, or
In any manner impair the efficiency and
permanency of our FREQ institutions, to-
Relher with a defense of universal liberty,
equal rights and justice to al men,"
Changes were made In the titles Of
number OF officers as grand commander for
department commander and senior and jun
Tor vice post commanders Tor assistant pos.
Commander. In May, 1890. the rules and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-10-06

terrible strain, hardships and casualties Of
the long struggle are testified to by the
fact that there were 6,O49,64S cases Of sick
ness, injuries, accidents and wounds treated
by the surgeons in the Union hospitals. OF
these, 450, 600 were wounds and serious in
juries. The miasmatic swamps of the south
sent 100000 cases to the hospitals and
resulted in 10S,6S7 deaths. Diseases of the
nervous system sent 1893, 996 cases to the
surgeon, and caused the death Of 5257.
Diseases Of the eyes alone were response
BILE for 96, 200 cases In the hospitals, and
the ear caused $1,000 more cases. Diseases
Of the lungs, throat and other respiratory
organs were responsible for the appalling
number of 504, 113 cases and "a, 100 imme-
date deaths. This CHASTITY record is even
exceeded by that Of the digestive organs,
caused by improper food and impure water,
which sent GIT, $40 men to the hospitals.
Typhoid fever killed 1886 men: various
forms Of dysentery killed A.55S. In addi-
ton, 3D. 200 men were SO badly mangled b.
gunshot wounds as to be discharged az 4
capable Of further service. For CO. IN
ton 20036 were discharged, 18,487 ,.lsump-
charged for diarrhoea, 1000 TO were dis
ability, 12.e5S for rheumat .s - genera dis
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-10-06

while they were engaged in four years of
buffetng in camp and bivouac and battle,
and their places had been filled by younger
men who had kept pace with the times.
Then they were lonely. AS General Logan
has said, they longed for the comrades of
the camp and march and field. 1t was a
longing that no home ties could satisfy: no
other creatures fill Only a soldier, one who
has slept with his haversack for pillow
and the star-domed heaven for his roof
tree through four years of frightful vicissi-
tudes and few pleasures, can appreciate the
depth of that desire to again touch elbows
with those who were linked in a common
cause for a common end, and that end the
preservation of home and country. No more
exalted example of patriotism was ever pre-
scented to the world. Hence the friendships
that grew out Of its associations were of
the highest and noblest type.
The Grand Army.
Out of these conditions and the desire to
satisfy these longings grew the Grand Army
of the Republic. This great organization
was not the first. however, that was the
outgrowth Of the war of the rebellion, for
as early as 1862 the Sd Army Corps Union
was formed. Thee main object at the time
was to secure funds for embalming and
sending hcme for burial the bodies of Of
icers killed in battle or dying in hospitals
at the front. The organization was formed
March 16. 1862, and Gen. Daniel E Sickles
was it's first commander. The Society of
the Army of Tennessee was the second. 1t
was organized April IA, 1865, in the senate
chamber of the state capitol in Raleigh
n. c.
The Military Order of the Loyal Legion
of the United States was the third in point
of time which perfected an organization.
This took place in Philadelphia, May 3,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-10-06

est volunteer army of the worlds history
mustered back into the ranks of civil life
a MANNED and battered remnant of the
once invincible host, and in the homes and
the fields and theaworkshops life went on
just the same as through there had been
no war. a.
Exactly the sameG Mn; that could not be
II 1t could, war would hose most of its fer
rors 1t could notube that life would go on
just the same because, all over the land
thwarted ambitions ToIthousands of homes
the heroes never Returned. In battlefield
cemeteries, or fnsgrates unknown. their
dust was gathered before the conflict ended.
To thousands of other homes Iegless. arm
less, blind, wounded, diseased veterans
came to wear OUT joyless existence of
never-ceasing pain
Some took up the burdens of life where
they left them four years before and fought
bravely for an existence made doubly hard,
and thousands struggled briefly with suffer
ing and then died IT. was easier to die
than to live, Prosperity shone on some; but
to the many life held little pleasure. Dear
ones had died in their absence and homes
were but memory. The world had moved
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-10-06

regulations were radically changed and al
not now bear much likeness to the originaE
Before mastering any other posts MatoK
stephenson, who now styled himself "dSf
partment commander and who was recofS
nized as such. appointed a department STAN
In general order No. l." which Is as fos4
lows: 81
Headquarters Department Of illinois,
Grand Army of the Republic.
"Adiutant Generals Office
SPRINGFIELD, ILL.,, April l. 1866. :.
THE following named officers are hereby
announced on duty at these headquarters.
Col Jules c. Weber. aid-de-camp and chief