The Delta independent., 1902-11-21

occupation lie limited. II he escapes
death or injury by falls or rock or coal
he cannot escape attacks of miners
asthma. There is scarcely mine
worker who has not contracted this
malady. The miners are compelled to
work in powder smoke. In foul air.
many Of them in water. and their work
is difiicult and exhausting. Reputable
insurance companies will not issue pol
icies to this class OF workmen-ths
risks are 80 great that the premiums
would be prohibitive to men whose
earnings are SO low The entire twen-
ty per cent. which they demand as an
increase in their wages would not suf-
flce to carry an insurance policy OF
$1,000.
1T seems but fair and just that
wages paid these classes of workmen
should be as high. II not higher. than
wages paid to skilled artisans In other
industries 1t is certainly not unjust
to ask that these miners should re-
ceive as high wages as are paid to
miners in the bituminous coal fields. in
the silver and gold mines or in the
iron and copper mines. In all OF which
work is less hazardous, freer from liza
bility to disease. requiring less expe-
rience and less skill. and is better paid
than labor in the anthracite coal
fields"
In supporting the demand for the re-
duction OF the hours of the day labor
ers. Mr. Mitchell said that It amounted
to demand OF twenty per cent. in
crease Of compensation for $4,000 men.
or fifty-seven per cent. of all mine en-
ployes. Continuing. he said: The
eight-hour day is the standard working
day In the mining industry. Eight
hours constitute a days work In the
coal mines OF Great Britain. in all the
silver. gold and copper mines and IN
the bituminous coal mines In the states
OF Arkansas. Kansas. Missouri. Iowa.
Illinois. Indiana. Ohio. Michigan. Ken
lucky, in western Pennsylvania and the
Indian territory.
The reports of the United States
geological survey demonstrate that
more coal has been produced annually
since the Inauguration OF the eight
hour work day than in any preceding
year. Each miner produced more coal
per working day In eight hours than
ne formerly produced in ten hours. and
there Is no reason why the same re-
snlts would not be obtained in the an
thracite field. The bltumInous workers
receive in many instances from twenty
TO forty per cent. higher wages for
eight hours work than are paid In the
anthracite mines for ten hours work"
Defending the third demand that coal
be weighed and paid for by weight, and
that 2240 pounds constitute a ton. Mr..
Mitchell declared the present method
OF measuring the coal produced by the
miners In the Lackawanna. Wyoming
md Lehigh regions the source Of more
discomfort than any other of the many
injustices imposed upon the minerp.
and said that there would be no con-
tentment among these workers until
an honest system should be adopted.
Tie miners had been forced to produce
a constantly increasing amount Of coal
for which they received no additional
compensation. The docking system
was also denounced as double penalty
for one onenses
Taking up the fourth demand of the
miners for trade agreement with tho
necessary machinery for the adjust
mcnt OF local grievances. Mr.. Mitchell
outlined the history and policy OF the
United Mine Workers of America, and
explained that by its constitution the
anthracite and bituminous mine work
ers had home rule for the local gov
ern,ncnt of local AFFAIRS. The only
manner" he said. in which the na-
tional organization Ia permitted to In
tcrfere is that. before strike is In
auguratcd by the district organization
the approval of the president OF the
national union must be obtained. But
tn" president of the national organiza-
ton has no authority to inauguratc .
strike. Thus the coal mine operators
are afforded q greater measure Of pro-
lection against strikes than they would
have under separate and Independent
OrHanlzalinn !"