davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-01
Cumberland Co., N. c.
OUR RURAL
Their DeplOrAbls Condition and How This
May be Remedied.
J. G.. Balm

Their DeplOrAbls Condition and How This
May be Remedied.
correspondence of The Progressive Farmer.
Of the seven million children of
school age in the Southern States
more than six million live in
sparsely settled districts or in towns
of less til an 1000 inhabitants. Hence
the rural schools are of first impor-
lance and should receive first consid-
alton. We can never be an educated
people until we have good rural
schools and the country children at
tend them.
At present the average length of
the annual term of these schools is
something less than one hundred
days. The average number of days
of schooling for each child of school
age is less than forty. The average
for the entire country T fully fifty
per cent. more than these, and for
those Of the most favored sections
more thRn'a hundred per cent. bet
ter. In one Southern State the
average length of term of the schools
is less than seventy days; the aver
age attendance of children of school
age is less than twenty five days.
Only three hundred and fifty days
of schooling TO prepare the children
of a people for life and citizenship
in a great democratic republic!
Comparatively few of these rural
schools have any libraries or any
books except a few text books used
by the children. Having been given
the power to read, the children
should be taught what to read and
encouraged TO cultivate the habit of
reading good books. But this can.
not be done when the children have
no access TO books either at school or
at home.
Some of these schools are taught
by most excellent teachers but some
of them are taught by young men
and women whose education was fin
ished in the first or second year of a
country academy, and still more by
teachers who have never had any
schooling except that furnished at
these same public schools. Most OF
these young men and women do not
wish TO teach any longer than may
be necessary to make enough money
TO enable them to get in some other
business The average school lite
of these teachers IL not more than
three yeats of one hundred days
each. Most of these schools are
taught In cheap, uncomfortable
houses, with no adequate equipm ent,
and with littls pretense to beauty or
sanitation The South is no longer
poor as it "a in the decades imme
diately succeeding the ravages of
war. Building material Is album.
dant in every State, and our men
nave strong arms TO fell trees, pre-.
pare lumber and make brick. We
should begin at once to build decent
and comfortable school houses in
every school district, and to equip
them with the needed furniture and
apparatus. These school houses are
the homes of our children all the
days they attend school, and we
should see TO it that they are made
worthy. P. P. G.
Knox Co., Tenn.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-01

~4St&O DS4S&m OOGS "
ders.
Wawaka, ind Dtc 1, 1901.
The Lawrence Williams Co,
CIeH eland, 0 :
1t WAS IL year ago the past October
thai | wrote SO you in regard to
GOmbault's Caustlc Bal,am as g.
cure for bone spavin Of over two
years standing Well L bought a
bottle and began treatment, as g
your special dlrectIOAs, and kept up
6he treatmenB until along IN Feb
ruary sometime.
l was waiting 10 give the horse all
Kinds of exerolse before r~eDlving.
~ see IT results were lasting. He
nas been worked on she farm and
roads since early in the spring, and
L cAn honestly say he has never made,
d imp from the spavlns since using
She last application or the Balsam.
1t as certainly a most remark
able cure, as the horse was SO lame
he was neRr.y worthless for any
KIND OF Work, when l wrote to you.
Il hit over u year ago. | had tried
every 5h1ng l 0Ould hear of, such as
alntments, Iinlments, and the firing
If rs, al. Of which did no good TO-
wards relieving the 1ameness, but
did destroy all the hair over the en-
largement. AS I had heard a great
deal about Caustic Balsam, I decided
TO try that as a last resort, but I
frankly admit / had no faith in il as
curing spawn. gave the horse DER.
tec6 rest, as l had been doing all that
0aSOD 19OO and af%o~ 7 bo1 ,.o5
one 6hlrd bottle of the medicine the
Iameness had all gone. I used the
remedy faithfully, rubbing it in
thoroughly. The cure is D. z and
l can most emphatically recommend
Caustic Balsam TO horse n as a
certain cure for all blemishes on
horses.
MELVIN BRILL.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-01

One-k sf Bottle Caustio Balsam Does Won
ders.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-01

Sleep is sweet to theIaboriug man
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-01
MEMORIES OF OTHER DAYS.
Hanover Co, N. G.

Correspondence of The Progressive Farmer.
As / have read a few articles in
THE PROGRESSIVE FARMER on the
ways and happenings of ye olden
times, a few lines from my pen may
not be amiss.
lam not an old man, but 1 can re.
member the changes that have taken
place within the last thirty-five or
forty years. 1 remember when farm
ers plowed with shop-made plo vs.
with shafts TO them and six times
in a row of corn every time that
they went over it, and when a buggy
was seldom seen at church on Sun
day. The best and well-to-do people
only could afford to own carriages.
Horseback riding was very fashion
able forty and fifty years ago. At
church there could be seen horse
blocks for ladies to mount and dis
mount their steeds on. Calico dresses
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-01

: We PROMPTLY obtain U. S. and Foreign
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-01

There is no question shat the sur
est and sanest influence shat i
come into the life of a may or woman
is that which is brought therein by
a child April Ladies Home Jour
nal.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-01

Wawaka, Ind Dec 1, 1901.
The LAWrence- Williams Co.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-01
CURES ANY DISEASE.
A Kew ard Wonderfully Successful Method
OF Curing All Chronic and Lin
gsring Affections.
A free Trial Package Of This Remarkable
Discovery Will Be Mailed to
All Who Write.

Anyone who suf rs from a weak, disOrdered
condition Of the heart, lungs, kidneys, stom-
ach. blood, liver, kin, muscles or nervous sys-
tenn should write at once for a free trial treat
ment of q new method that is rapidly olsplac-
ing the old ways of curing diseases
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-01

SOMETIMES q cold settles in che bow .
els. The pain p~ierces like a lanc9.
Get rid of it promptly by takin}
Perry Davis Painkiller in sweetened
water. There is but one P,nkiIler,
Perry Davis. Refuse substitutes.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-01

Loss OF FLESH, cough, and pain
on the chest may not mean consump
ton, but T bad signs. Aliens
Lung BalsRm loosens the cough and
heals indamed air passages. Not a
grain. Of opium in il.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-02-06
LEGISLATURE HEARS
YANSANT'S MESSAGE.
Governor Tells the Lawmakers That
They and Auditor Dunn Are Re-
sponsib1e for Extra Session.
OVATION FOR FORMER GOV. RAMSEY

Gov. Van SAINT delivered his message
to the extraordinary session of the legis-
iature yesterday morning, before a joint
convention of the house and senate, ac-
cording to the original programme.
The delivery Of the message consum-
ed forty minutes. The document itself
was declared by many of the Republican
members a masterpiece of adroit trim
ming. AS was expected, the governor
attempted to shift the responsibility for
the session extraordinary to the mem
bers OF the legislature. He also plainly
told the legislators that they and Audit
or Dunn were responsible for the tax
bill and the appointment Of the tax COM
mission. He also told the legislators
that they adjourned early in order that
the report of the tax commission might
be considered in extraordinary session
and that the session was called by him
in pursuit to that understanding.
When 1T came to recommendations
touching the consideration of the code,
His Excellency 'gigged' fairly from his
former position as a square-toed advocate
OF the bill entire, but he advised against
calling a constitutional convention, in
ferr1ng that the people who will be af-
fected by tax legislation will not protect
their own interests. He admitted that
the code proposed by the tax commission
Is not perfect, but said it is an improve
ment over the present laws. He was
complimentary in his illusions to the
tax commission. He-said it had labored
incessantiy for nine months, searching
for the good points in the tax laws in
other states and the defects In the Min
nesota code. He suggested that the leg
islature should give it careful considera-
tion and refrain from criticism. If the
bill is found to be, Ineffective, the COVER
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-02-06

in conformity with his ideas OF good
taste.
A dramatic incident of the joint session
was the unparalleled manner in which
the legislators interrupted Gov Van SAINT
to give the venerable Gov. Alexander
Ramsey an ovation. Gov. Van SAINT had
been reading for several minutes. when
in the midst of his admonitions against a
constitutional convention, the still erect
form Of the venerable former chief execu-
tive appeared in the entrance to the floor
Of the house. Gov. Van SAINT and his
message were instantly forgotten Leg1S-
lators and spectators Joined in the ap-
plause. Representative Jay Phillips, OF
Minneapolis, and Chief Clerk SchmaL
sprang to the side of Gov. Ramsey ana
urged him Up the aisle towards the speak
er's desk, while the applause became tu-
multous. Above the clapping of hands
from the legislators and spectators, who
instantly rose to their feet in honor Of
the first governor rose vehement calls
for speech" Gov. Van SAINT made the
best Of the situation, which was plainly
disconcerting, and left the speakers ros-
trum to greet Gov. Ramsey, who refused
to mount to the desk. Gov. Van SAINT ex-
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-02-06
ARGUMENTS OPEN
IN WEST CASE
PROSECUTION CLAIMS THE KILLING
OF MARCH WAS A PRE-
MEDITATED ACT
BANGS CALLS WEST A COWBOY
who Had Lived Where Human Life
Was Held Very Cheap-Defend-
amt IL Good Witness in
His own Behalf.
Special to The Globe.

GRAND FORKS, N. D., Feb, 5-Tne
testimony in the West case is all in. lrna
arguments have begun. There was some
surprises this morning when, after the
cross examination of West was conclud-
ed, Mr.. CCchrane announced that the de-
fense rested. The cross-examina ton was
brief and nothing of great interest was
developed. The witness answered all the
questions put to him simply and directly
and did not contradict himself in any
important particular.
Several witnesses were called by the
state in rebuttal, but aside from few
questions as to location the information
sought from the witnesses was if March
had kicked West or had tried to get his
revolver. All of the witnesses answered
that these things had not happened or
that they did not see them
At 8 o'clock both sides rested and the
court directed counsel to proceed with
their arguments. Mr.. WineInan opened
for the state and addressed the jury very
briefly. He called attention to those por-
tions of the testimony which he thought
bore out the contention that the shoot
ing was a deliberate act. He admitted
that the assault by March was entirely
unjustifiable and indefensible but this
did not warrant the act of West.
Premeditation Is Alleged.
He dwelt on the purchase Of the re-
yolver, which he thought showed pre-
meditation He pointed out the difference
between shooting while actually in con
fict and shooting when the conflict was
over. He said West might have been
justified in shooting while on the floor
CT while being struck, but that when he
did fire no act OF violence was in prog
ress or impending. There were plenty of
men present to restrain March had he
made a hostile demonstration, and West
was in absolutely no danger.
Mr.. Bangs continued for the state and
had spoken but short time when the
jury was excused for the day. In the
short time that he spoke he went into
the previous history of West and painted
him as a cowboy of the traditional kind.
He referred to his life in Texas, Indian
territory and Arkansas and in the mining
districts of the Black Hills, among peo--
pie who held human life in slight regard
and who were thoroughly familiar with
the use of the pistol. This. he claimed,
explained the fact that West had not
aimed the revolver. He had been trained
in communities where men do not need
to take aim, but point firearms toward
the mark with a precision that is with
them an instinct.
Mr.. Bangs will continue his address IN
the morning, and will probably conclude
at noon. Mr.. Corliss will open for the
defense, Mr.. Cochrane will follow, and
Mr.. Bangs will close. 1t is not expected
that the jury will get the case until some
time Saturday.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-02-06

-
planned to the joint convention, after a
brief conversation with Gov. Ramsey,
that the latter did not wish to make a
speech, and returning to the speakers s
desk said: 'sYou do well to applau I'D Gov
Ramsey. He is the noblest Roman OF
them all, and you are probably better
pleased to see the first governor than the
last
The delivery of the governors message
attracted in comparatively large num-
bers, the interested and curious Extra
seats were provided on the floor of the
house for the senators and visitors. The
latter filled the aisles and all of the
available space in front of the members
desks and around the clerks and speak
ers desks. The gallery filed early and
before the governor arrived standing
room was at premium. The ladies were
we'll represented, and Mrs. Van SAINT was
conductd to a seat on the floor of the
house, Immediately under the speakers
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-02-06
ELKINS AND NELSON
INTERSTATE BILLS
West Virginia Mans Proposition Is
Quite Sweeping Nelson's Bill
Endorsed by the Millers.
THE COMMISSION IS TO FIX RATES
MR.. NELSON'S BILL.

WASHINGTON, Feb. 5.-Senator Mel
son today introduced a bill prepared by
the National Millers' association provid-
Ing for amendment of the interstate COM
merce law 1t empowers. the interstate
commerce commission to fix rates for
transportation and abolishes punishment
by Imprisonment.
With reference to the fixing of rates.
the bill provides that if the commission,
after full hearing upon petition. deter
mines that the defendant is violating any
of the provisions of the act IN respect to
any rate, relation of rates, whether be-
tween localities Of communities, classif-
cation of freightS or other practice it
shall be its duty to determine what rates.
relation of rates, classification or ether
practice should be observed for the fu-
ture in order to correct the wrong found
to exist and it shall order the defendant
to observe the same.
Joint Rates Provided For.
Power is given to fix joint rates where
necessary. The order fixing such rates is
to be served twenty days before taking
effect. Review Of all cases by the circuit
courts and the supreme court of the Unit
ed States is provided. The commissions s
rate orders are made binding for two
years. Circuit courts are given authority
to enforce the orders of the commission.
F0i etAlcI WIN tIdHSporlS tTdHlc at
any other than the published rates or un-
der other conditions in consonance with
the interstate commerce law is made
amenable to fines of not less than SIS 900
nor more than $4,000. A fine of from
$1,000 to $1,000 is provided against those
who seek by false descriptions to induce
railroad companies to carry goods con-
trary to this law.
WASHINGTON, Feb BE M Adams
E. S. Miner, J. r. Evans and E. r.
Burkholder, a committee appointed by
Western lumbermen, called on the presi-
dent today and urged amendments to the
interstate commerce law that will give
the interstate commerce commission pow
er to enforce it's findings The president
agreed with the committee that some
thing was needed to strengthen the au-
thOrity and powers of the commission
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-02-06
SALISBURY FLIPPANT
REFERS TO DUTCH SENTIMENT I'M
CAVALIER FASHION AND
HITS AT IRELAND
England Wants Territory of Sous
African Republics as a Matter
of Business and Means
to Go Ahead.

LONDON, Feb. 5.-Lord Salisbury, the
premier, unveiled a hfe-sized marble
STATUE OF the late Queen Victoria at the
junior Constitutional club tonight.
speaking at dinner after the unyeif-
ing the premier referred to the recent
Dutch note in a tone for him Of unusual
hippancy. For himself, he was unable
70 imagine the object of the Dutch gov
ernment, for whose friendly feelings he
had the greatest admiration, but he could
not see the precise object they hoped to
gain by this curious step.
The premier explained that his only rea-
son for ailuding to such things was that
a tlme was coming when the people must
tnlnk more of the suggestions of their
intelligence and less of the suggestions
of their emotions
There is no longer any question OF
sentiment continued Lord I4alisburv.
We have entered upon a matter of busi-
ness which we must push through. What
we are low seeking is security. Any
peace which recognizes fully the rights
OF sovereign and gives us security for
the empire we should accept not onlv
With Willingness but with delight Bst
1t is useless to tell US to behave so as to
leave a pleasant recollection in the minds
of these With whom we are fighting.
Further along he said the existence of
hostile feeling in Ireland was a signal
that the efforts upon which derended n
10 light degree the glory and continu-
a9ace Of the empire, must not be relaxed
The maintenance of our position in
ireland is the most vital object the en-
pire has, and it can only be attained by
strenuous eXertions," said the premier
An Irish government with power to ac-
cumulate arms end ammunition would
constitute a mere serious threat than had
the Beers. The duty of the Unionists
was, he said, to maintain a perma-
nent junction between England and Ire
land, and it was by sustaining this juno
ton that they would maintain the great
ness of the constitution and the splendo2
of the British empire.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-02-06
BULLETIN OF
IMPORTANT NEWS OF THE DAY
Weather Forecast for St. Paul:
Snow; Colder.

Weather Forecast for ST. Paul:
Snow; Colder.
1.-Two New Interstate Bills.
Legislature Hears Message.
Cuba Invited to Become state.
Evidence All in in West Trial.
Salisbury BECOMES Flippant.
2-YOungers Are Not PardOned.
Plans for c. Ia. Davis school.
Wine Room Ordinance in Danger
Chief jackson Wants Fire Bell
Law Point Raised.
3-GOvernor's Message Continued.
Party Spirit in Fourth Ward.
Northwest News.
4-EditOriaI Comment.
Stories of the street.
McCumber and TiIlman Clash.
Filipino Woman Is Boss.
Foreign Cattle Are Inferior.
5-All the Sporting News.
Spain's Note to the Powers.
6-The WOman's Page.
Daily Short story.
7-Day's Doings I'm Minneapolis.
s-MiIIer System Adopted.
News of the Railroads.
9-Grain and Provision Markets.
bar silver, SIS 1-sc.
May Wheat, ~ 3-4c.
1O-Gray Verdict Sustained.
Is Close TO Death.
Credit for schley.
Commission ys. Law,
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-02-06
THE ELKINS MEASURE.
FROM THE GLOBE BUREAU,
WaShTnnfcu n q

washington. ID. q.
WASHINGTON, D. c., Feb. "a bill
introduced today by Senator Elkins,
chairman of the interstate commerce
committee, to amend the act creating
the commission, is a combination of the
measure offered by the Shippers associa-
tion and of the desires of the railroad
men of the country.
In the pooling feature it represents the
desires of the railroad interests and one
large section of shippers. Mr.. E. P.
Bacon, of Milwaukee, chairman of the
legislative committee of the Shippers as
sociation, will not object seriously to the
pooling feature if it is coupled with a
provision giving powers to the interstate
commerce commission to supervise ana
make just rates.
Chairman Martin A. Knapp said today
the bill appeared to him to be very ac-
ceptable compromise and he hopes it will
become a law. 1t is almost identical with
the original measure offered by Mr.. Cul-
lom when the present law was passed.
but that the bill was amended by strik-
ing out the pooling feature and making
pooling a crime. Now it is believed that
experience has demonstrated that pool
ing VIII be help to the shipper and the
original prejudice against this feature
will be absent.
The Elkins BILL of which Cullom ap-
proves, gives power to the commission to
make rates whioh shall be effective with
in thirty days after notice is served and
shall stand until the circuit court finds
them unjust. The imprisonment penal
ties are repealed, but fines up to $2O, 600
are provided, and they will lie against
both the road and the shipper who con-
spires to evade the commissions orders.
The mandates of the commission are
made enforceable also by writ of injunc-
tien from the circuit court
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-02-06

nor would have it amended; if too dras-
tic in it's provisions, changed
When he came to the questions mooted
by the st. Louis county delegation, the
governors new position plainly indicated
the missionary work done by the men
from Duluth. First he recommended
that the grain in elevators be listed
May l instead of April l, as provided in
the commissions report Then he would
nave all grain in Interstate transit ex-
empted. His position on the proposed
repeal of the vessel tonnage tax law
was equally a surprise, and he made a
touching appeal for the preservation Of
the states influence over navigation on
the great lakes.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-02-06
JOHN H. PELL IS DEAD
WAS A MEMBER OFF THE GALLANT
FIRST MINNESOTA.

NEW YORK, Feb. 5-John H. Pen, a
wel-known attorney of this city, died
Of heart disease today at his residence.
After graduating from Columbia uni
versity in 1852, Mr.. Pell became resi-
dent of Colorado and later, after prac-
t1clng law in Minnesota, was elected to
the state senate. He served in the Civil
war with the First Minnesota volunteers.
and was provost marshal at Harper
Ferry After the war he returned to
this city.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-02-06
HOIST BY HIS own PETARD
President Roosevelt Seems to Be Placed in an
Inconsistent Position by His
Impulsiveness.
lmpulsiveness.

WASHINGTON, Feb. 5-President
Roosevelt is charged by various members
of congress with not only violating his
own rule, recently laid down to officials
in the executive department of the gov
ernment, but with also coming in col
lision with the constitution. This charge
is brought out by the report which re-
ceives some yerification at the White
house and the war department, that Mr..
Roosevelt has instructed that Gen. Leon
ard Wood, military governor of Cuba. be
censured for addressing a circular letter
to the members of the senate asking
them to grant tariff concessions to Cuba.
Senators Ellins and Burrows are said
TO have called Mr.. Roosevelts attention
10 Gen. WOODS letter and the president
Immediately communicated with score
tary Root as to what should be done in
the premises. MIR. Root is said to have
advised that Wood be censured for vio-
lating the recent order of the president.