davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

though the end may not be just to our lik-
ing, it is enough that we go back through
the more than three years of the wars his
tory and recall some of the battles, the
deeds of daring and bravery, the skilled
generalship of leaders on both sides that
have marked this conflict, now closed, as
one of the memorable struggles of the past
quarter of century and more.
The real opening of the war may be said
to have been October g. 1899, at which time
President Kruger sent to England the per-
emptory demand that that nation return
satisfactory answer to the demands of the
South African republic on or before 5
O'Clock p, NJ, October IL, and that failure
to do SO would be regarded as a formal
declaration of war. These demands in
Guided the acknowledgement of the COM
plete sovereignty of the South African re-
public as an international power, and the
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

left, however, in command of the Ladysmith
relief expedition, and after three failures
succeeded in accomplishing that purpose on
March l, 1900.
While Gen. Butler was meeting with de-
feat along the Tugela, Gen. Methuen was
making but little if any advance toward the
relief of Kimberly. He was opposed by Gen.
Cronje. He suffered a serious reverse at
Magersfontein, on December Il, and was
forced to fall back to the Modder river
with a loss of about 1000 out of $4,000 he
had engaged. In this battle the Gordon
Highlanders lost nearly 700 officers and
men in vain attempt to carry the Boer
position.
On December 10 Gen. Gatacre attempted
a surprise on the Boer troops at Stromberg,
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

Orange Free State, crossed the undefended
borders of English territory, prepared to
strike quick and decisive blows if possible
before England could prepare for the con-
fict.
The Beers were by no means unprepared
for such conflict. The heavy revenue de-
rived by the government for a number of
years previously had been judiciously ex-
pended for defense, and they had stored
away at Pretoria guns that were far SUI
perior to anything that England could use
against them for a considerable time after
the opening of hostiiities. Their army was
composed almost wholly of volunteers, but
they were volunteers who were well trained
in fighting methods of their own, methods
OF which England knew but little, and was
not prepared to meet.
The armed strength of England in South
Africa MAS ut that time some q, 900 men of
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

Gen. Butler began
the advance which
end ed temporarily
with the disaster to
British arms at the
Tugela river, in which
the British lost 80
m en- killed, 667
wounded and 348
missing. This battle,
the first fought by
Butler in South Afri-
ca, resulted in the
loss of his reputation
as a strategist and
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

gotten. Other Boer victories of the year
were the capture of Plummer's supply train
on May %; the almost complete destruction
of the Seventh Yeomanry by Delarey on
May %; the capture of 200 Victorian Rifles
on June II, and the loss by Col. Benson of
. officers and $50 men on November l.
During this time, however, Gen Kitchen
er had not been idle. His army had been
pushing the Boer forces almost constantly;
he had been rapidly extending the line of
block houses that marked the permanent
English advance, and while the record of the
year showed some brilliant coupes on the
part of the Boer generals they were of the
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

meet. Early in the year it was estimated
that there were not more than $4,000 Boer
troops still in the field, but these afforded
occupation for all the vast English army,
and still they could not capture or disperse
effectively the willy leaders or their bands.
The year brought with it such incidents
as the capture of Modderfontein by the
Beers on February 8, three days after which
10000 fresh troops left England to reinforce
the army in South Africa. On April 10 the
English heart was made glad by the open
ing of peace negotiations by Gen. Botha,
but they amounted to nothing, and the war
went on with varying success on either side.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

all branches, of whom some L, 900 comprised
the force of Gen. Sir George White in
Natal, and the others were scattered in
small commands at different points in Cape
Colony, the garrisons extending as far
north as Mafeking which Col, afterward
Gen, Baden Powell was defending with a
force of 1000 men.
Gen. Petrus Jacobus Joubert, the hero
of Majuba Hill and vice president of the
South African republic, was selected as
commandments of the allied armies of
the Transvaal and the Orange Free State,
and at once took personal command of the
troops that invaded Natal and shut Gen.
White up in Ladysmith.
In less than "a hours after the actual begin
ming of the war as dated from the expiration
from the time allowed in the Boer ultimat-
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07


siege of Mafeking had been raised. For
more than 200 days COL Baden Powell's lit
tie force had defended the place against
heavy odds, and the whole population had
suffered terrible privations, but they had
held out until the long expected relief had
reached them, and the whole garrison were
crowned with the victor's laurels by hero
loving England.
On May "a the British troops under Rob-
erts crossed the Vaal river, and on the 30th
marched into the golden town of Johannes
burg, where they received warm welcome
from the uitlanders, who had expected to
witness the destruction of their property be-
fore they should be allowed to fall into the
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

It, could scarcely give reasons for the war
that would be acceptable to both sides The
writer does not pretend to be able to deci-
pher a series of causes that might be Of
fered without fear of being accused of par
tiality; he, like millions of other readers of
current history, as it is recorded day after
day in the newspapers of every civilized
land, is familiar with the claims made by
both sides, but out of these claims he does
not intend to even attempt to unravel the
real cause of armed conflict between the
Britain and Boer in South Africa. When
time has healed the wounds of the present
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

prisoners, among the
killed being Gen.
Keck. The British
loss was AZ killed.
But brilliant as were
these English vic
tories they had but
little result other
tn an opening a
means of retreat to
Ladysmith, W h er e
Gen. Whites entire
force was rapidly con-
centrated.
With the mobiliZ-
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

The heavy losses
seemed to fall to the
English, for the rea-
son, probably, that
they were the only
one of two contend
ing forces in a posi-
ton to suffer a heavy
loss. Boer COM
mandoes were occa-
sionally captured or
dispersed, but they
were of small mum
bers and the Incl,
dom yx-oC c00n f0r
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

kind that could result
in no lasting benefit
to the Boer cause,
other than the inspir-
ing of fresh vigor and
hope to the contest
ants.
The victory of Gen.
Delarey over Gen. Me
thuen on March 8 of
this year was followed
on April IL by peace
overtures, and is sup
posed to have had a
considerable inhr1-
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

captured, and then
began the long guer-
rilla warfare that
continued down to
the day peace was
declared, and which
brought many de-
feats and heavy loss
es to British arms,
even though it has
eventually resulted
in a British victory
that places all of
South African Ter
ritory under the Eng
lish crown
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

in the north Of Cape
Colony, but failed
after losing more
than 500 men who
were made prisoners
by the Beers.
Such was virtually
the condition of
the British forces
when Gen. Roberts
and Gen. Kitchen
er, his chief of staff,
landed at Cape
T wn on Jan
uary 10, 1900. The
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

had a sufficient fol-
lowing to enable them
to defy either cap
ture or humiliation.
All through the year
1901 they forced upon
England a conflict
that kept a steady
demand for fresh
troops and war mu-
nitions pouring into
the war office at Lon
don, a demand that
England seemed more
willing than able to
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

UNI, the British were
placed at a disadvan-
tage from which they
number of weeks and
did not recover for a
without the loss of a
large number of men
and munitions of
war.
The number of
troops with which
Gen. Joubert had &C
complished this coupe
will probably not be
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07


hands of the English.
On the same day that
Lord Roberts entered
Johannesburg he is
sued the proclama-
ton that made an
English crown colony
of the Orange Free
State. Four days
later he was in the
Boer capital at Pre-
toria, and now,
thought England, the
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

of meeting the guerilla tactics to which the
Beers restorted as the only means left them
to continue the struggle
While large numbers of Beers were sur
rendering to the English authorities there
were yet in the field such intrepid COM
manders as De Wet, Botha, Steyn, Delaray,
Schalk-Burger and others, and each of them
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

ence in prompting the peace terms offered
by England. It was one of the most bril-
liant dashes of the war, and if it did moth
ing more it showed the London government
that the war might be almost indefinitely
prolonged if the Boer forces in the field
could not be induced to accept terms of
peace, and that they would not accept the
terms of Unconditional surrender"
WRIGHT A. PATTERSON.
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

ly one person In ten
could i n t diligently
guess at, SO completely
has the cause been
swallowed up in the
din of conflict. Even
those directly respon-
sible for the struggle;
those who were most
intimately connected
with the diplomacy
or shall we say rather
a deplorable lack OF
diplomacy-that i'm
media talv rrncaadod
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

withdrawal of all
British troops near
its borders. All
South Africa knew
and the world knew
that England would
not accept such terms
and prepared for war,
and the preparations
of the Boer troops
for attack began i'm
mediately. Military
expeditions from the
Transvaal, and others
4 L IL
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

some close student
of history, blessed
with an ability to
delve beneath the
surface of things, may
be able to offer a Sc
ries OF reasons that
will be acceptable to
a posterity through
whose veins will not
run the heated blood
of conflict. That time
is not now.
As we glory in the
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07
Orange Free State Pop>l1ation.

The area of the Orange Free State is 49,
326, and the population is given at Y, 71e
whitesA0,57l males and 37,l45 females.
Of this total 1910 were born in the Free
State and l,ll6 in Cape Colony. In addi-
ton to the whites there are J29, 7s7 natives
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

W h ose judgement
every officer and pri-
vate of the Boer army
trusted implicitly,
and who, had he
lived, would undoubt-
endly have done
much toward bring
ing about, if not a diff
ferent termination to
the conflict, a much
more dearly bought
victory for England,
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

siderable BOer force
at Boshof. This was
followed on April 9
by a Boer defeat at
Wepener, another on
April II at Fort
Abram, another at
De W e tsd orp o n
April 20, again at
Windsorton on May
5 and at the town
of Mafeking on May
l3.
On May 20, the wei
L L
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

the appointment of Lord Roberts to succeed
him az chief in command. Gen. Butler was
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

For three years and one-half there has
been waged in South Africa a war, the
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

oEGULAR EMPLOYMENT for teachers or
- other intelligent and energetic persons travel
Ing. CHANDLER BROS, Rockford Ill
Watertown republican. [volume] (Watertown, Wis.) 1860-1906, 1902-06-07

come news was ca DfeU
Ear1orJ +bo+ 4bo
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-01-12

the fellow was surely a stranger and he
felt rather sorry for the man standing
unwarred and unprotected.
''You say you are hungry" started
Groggin, well, then, I'll just see if you
really are. Now come along with me-"
"All right boss" said the man with the
whiskels, and he fell in behind Groggin.
who headed for a restaurant.
NOW said Gre ggin, there we are and
here is where you eat I'm going to
stand at this door and see whether or
not you are on the square. There is a
policeman across the street, and if you
don't eat, why into the jailhouse you co.
''Au right, boss" repeated the boy
with the whiskers.
Here" said Groggin to the overseer
of the cnophCLse, here is a quarter
You give this fellow a good quarter
NEAL
''Why, Mister" stammered the honest
chophouse employee, ''do you know what
you are doing? This place furnishes a
meal for Is cents. A quarters worth is
too much for that fellow
Pm paying for it believe" said the
modern shrewd boy in a concealed tone
All right, sir answered the chop
house man. "The man will have the
moneys worth"
The man with the hunger pangs and
whiskers was steered to stool in front
of the lunch counter. The waiter recev-
ed his instructions and disappeared
through the kitchen door. Groggin start
ed to do guard duty at the front en-
trance. From the front door he watched
the waiter carry in a large piece of beef
steak a pile of bread, some valuable po-
tatoes a cup of coffee, side dishes of veg
etables and half Of a pie.
81 guess that will startle him." NUT
tered GrOggin as he began to look for the
policeman.
The man with the whiske~s started
work On the beef, he tore chunks out of
the bread pile, the vegetables in the side
dishes rapidly disappeared and the waiter
started after second cup of coffee
Grcggin thought of his system and NUT
tered: Hes only making a bluff
just at this point a friend of the mod
ern wise boy passed by the door, lie
wanted to know about Groggin's wait in
front of the chophouse, and II. Sylvester
started to explain his system
'If he don't eat" declared Groggin,
''he goes to the
Again Groggin was touched on the arm
and again turning he saw the boy with
the whiskered face
Say, boss he stammered in an angry
tcne, "cOme inter dis beanery wild me fer
q minute. Dis hasher is tryin' t hoP out
three doughnGts on me an I sees you pay
fer them meself.''
Groggin went into the chophouse and
backed up the tramp in his demand The
waiter explained that it was all a mis-
take and started for the sinkers Groggin
started for the door and forgot to stop
after passing the come again sign.
The system was failure.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-01-12
IT WIZ BE VEIL DONE.

We are all agreed in st. Paul that one
of the most urgent needs of the COM
munity is the existence of a public libra
ry which may be regarded as worthy OF
a city Of the population, wealth and in
telligence of this. We have p library.
and we have had it for a number of
years. But it is one of which no one is
proud and with which few are salts
fed
The library board called into existence
with the adoption of the new charter has
done well. It has had many difficulties
in its path, and, no doubt, its members
have more than once wished that
they had never assumed the obligations
which they found incident to the posi-
ton. But the men were chosen with
great good judgment, and the body has
given thus far as good an account Of
itself as might be expected from one
numbering in it's membership some of
the best men in the community, consid-
cred both as business men and public
spirited citizens
1t was sorry mess which was pre-
scented when the bills began to come in
for the changes in the market house
building which enabled it to be utilized
for both business and library purposes.
1t would have driven most men away
from it. But the members of the library
board stood to their posts, with the re-
suit that the difficulties of those DAYS
have been overcome, and the body has
found its way out Of the woods.
h G o e does not pretend to
know anything about the opinions or pur
poses of the members Of the present Ii
brary board with reference to the fu-
ture. 1t recognizes that if that body ever
intends to face the problem of securing
for the city such library facilities as
will enable the community to hold up
its head when the subject is mentioned.
it is made up precisely of the men who.
in point of business ability and experi-
ence and Of high standing in the pubic
confidence and respect, will commend
themselves to the people as qualified for
the solution Of that problem. 1t is no
doubt too early to engage in the serious
discussion of that problem. Sufficient
unto the day are the evils thereof. Moth
ing which has happened in the past
would justify any public paper in assum-
ing tie willingness OF the existing board.
or, indeed, any ether public body, to I'M
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-01-12

ture will give its most intelligent consid-
GRAFTON to the work which has been done,
and that no manipulations of special in
terests or of retained politicians will OPP
crate to deny to the report the full al
lowance of thought and consideration to
which it is entitled
Whether the work thus done so con-
scientiously and with such striking indus
try is adopted in its entirety or even n
part by the next legislature, it is. certain
that it will bear fruit in time. The work
will not pass away, as a mere ephemera l
creation 1t represents the best produ>c
of the best and most educated thought on
the great problem of taxation which IS
at the disposal of this state from its own
citizens. AS such and in the light Of
the present inequitable, .unintelligent ana
almost unintelHgible tax system, it IS
certain to find embodiment in it's main
recommendations, sooner or later, in the
laws of the state
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-01-12
The Globe s S {tsms,,Jndy
Correct English and How TO Use .9t.
BY JOSEPHINE TURCK BAKER

phcity means clearness, which is, OF
should be, the main object Of expression.
Grammatical Construction.
SIT AND sET-sit Gntransitive VERDI
-Present, sit; past, set present par
uclple, sitting; past participle, sat-
Sit transitive verb)-Present, set; past,
set; present participle, setting; past par
SIT AND ITS UsEs-sit means to
occupy seat Examples:
lie told her to sit down and she sat
down.
2-He is sitting beside her
3-Having sat down, he proceeded to ex-
plain the situation.
He had sat down by the wayside ia
rest.
Sit and set have transitive and in
transltlve form, but sit in its main uses
IS lntransltlve, while set in it's main
uses is transitive.
Sit means to perch or tn roost Fx
amples:
The bird sits brooding DER her nest.
Inc hen is sitting on her eggs
SIT also means to be worn or adjusted:
NJ as garment; hence used figurative-
~ VI AWNING assumed, as in appear
ance, opinion or habit. Examples:
Your dress does not sit mot setl well
z-Her little air of precision sits so
well upon her
SET AND ITS RULES-Set nes rs to
cause to be seated or to cause to rest.
Examples:
l. He told her to set the child down.
z Having set the child down, she set
the table
3. She had set the table and was set
ting the chairs around it when YOU en-
tered the room
IL IS the careless speaker who misuses
the verbs sit and set For some m
known reason he seems to think that only
human beings are privileged to Sit. and
that mems, articles of furniture. etc. and
opHSed to set. One may set a table or a
men, but after the setting has been ac-
compllshed the dishes sit on the table
and the hen sits on her nest. In poetry.
Inc bird sits brOOding Ger her nest
IL plrdS can sit DER their nests. hens
ShouId nave the same privilege. One will
not pc apt to misuse the verbs sit and
set II one Will remember, first that sit
expresses nactiOn, while set expresses
acCon ito cause to si0, and, secondly,
that the principal parts of sit are: Pres
ent, sit; past, sat; present particfpIe SIT
llng; and past participle, sat; while
the principal parts of set are, present,
set; past, set; present participle, setting;
past participIe, set,
(a) 1t should be noticed that the pro-
A'ioii ~ 14oliIi WOTuS / as varied great
Iy with different Periods Among the
really good writers, Milton was inclined
70 Launity in his prose. The historians.
robertson, Hume and Gibbon, used Latin
words very freely. Samuel Johnson wrote
III style marked by great verbosity. al
most descending to large words for
small thought" and has been accused OF
nVentlng the stilted manner called John
sonese The stilted style is burdened
with Latin derivations distinctly chosen
because they are Latin and piled upon
one another in an ostentations manner.
Inc effect is rendered ponderous by the
great length and complexity of the SEN
fences. The modern tendency is toward
simplicity in the structure of sentences.
aVolq1ng the verbose style, yet using in
dividual Latin words with freedom
Hill.