The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1902-06-24
AN IMPORTANT INDUSTRY
Figures From the Census Bulletin on
the Trade.
MICH OF THE WORK IS DONE At HOME
There is Not a Town Within 80 Miles OF Troy
Where a Portion Of the Female Popu-
laticn is Not Engaged in Some
Part Of the Manufacture.

A short while ago more than hall Oh
the necessary capital was subscribed 10
establish q collar and cuff factory in
Raleigh. The gentlemen at the head OF
the movement had made arrangements
to put an expert man from Troy, Ne"
York. in charge of the practical opera
tions of the concern. After raising more
than half of the money necessary, the
project seems TO have gone into lnnocu-
Gus desuetude. Cannot the progressive
men in Raleigh raise the necessary sum
and put this important industry in opera
ton this fail!
In connection with the plan Of estab-
fishing such a factory in Raleigh, the
Census Bulletin on the Collar and
Cuff Trade has special interest.
The report states that the statistics
included in the report were collected, as
in previous censuses, upon the schedule
used for the general statistics of manu-
factures, but in view of the compare
tive Importance of this industry it was
decided to supplement the canvass made
Inv the enumeratOrS and special agents,
and to give the industry more detailed
treatment than is given to manufacture
ing industries in general, or than this
industry has received heretofore. The
figures given in the report concern es-
Establishments that manufacture collars
and tufts primarily, and do not include
the returns for establishments which
manufacture collars and cuffs in connec-
ton with the manufacture of shirts. The
reports show a capital of S1O,2l6,o11 IN
vested in the manufacture of collars and
cuffs in the 81 establishments in the Uni
ted States. This sum represents the
value of land, buildings, machinery, tools
and implements and the live capital
utilized, but does not include the capital
stock of any of the manufacturing cor
porations engaged in this industry.
FEATURES OF THE INDUSTRY.
The value of the products is returned
at $15, 769, 1872, to produce which involved
an outlay of 1888, OS7 for salaries of off,
cials. clerks, etc; s., 1858, 500 for wages;
81. 128. SS7 for miscellaneous expenses, in
GLIDING rent, taxes, etc, and $6,011, 456
for materials used, mill supplies, freight
and fuel. The census schedule takes no
cognizance of the cost of selling manu-
featured articles. or. Of interest on CAPT
tai invested, or of the losses incurred
II liz IL
plant. The value Of the product given
is the value as obtained or fixed at the
factory. The total number of dozens of
shirts reported represents only such as
were manufactured in connection with
the collar and cuff industry. The follow
ing presents the principal features of
lhe industry as returned for 1900:
Number of establishments, 81; capital,
$40. ,317; salaried officials, clerks, etc,
sos; salaries, 1888, 0S7; wage earners, H.
is: total wages, So, SOS, 1863; men, 16 years
and over, 1891; wages, $1,115, 6S5; women
10 years and over, IA ,543; wages, 81 ,515,-
S56; children under 16 years, 1S1; wages,
S27.428; miscellaneous expenses, 81, 1928
SS7; cost of materials used, $6,O11 $50;
value Of products, SIS, 769, 1872.
ITS COMMERCIAL IMPORTANCE.
The report further states that the in
dustry became of commercial Importance
some years previous to 1850, and the
growth OF the number of establishments
is shown by a table in which there are
recorded 81 concerns, "a of which are
in New York State, two in Pennsylvania
and one in Vermont. There is but one
large establishment outside the State OF
New York. The following shows the
A'b1C' - lAd IN VII
plOyes accredited to them:
Number of factories employing under
five persons, 5; 5 to 20, 8; 81 to so, II;
81 to 100, 7; 1O1 to $50, 8; PSI to 500, Z;
501 to 1000, 6; over 200, 5.
OF the total number of establishments
%, or 500 per cent were operated by
firms or limited partnerships; 20, or 50.
per cent. were conducted by individuals
and eight, or IA per cent, were operated
by incorporated companies.
The total capital of $40, 216.317, which
f. represented by the industry, is divid-
Cd as follows:
Land 300, "a
buildings !, 113, IA
Machinery, tools and implements 964, SO:
Cash and sundries ............. 1885, 61
WORK DONE AT HOME.
Regarding work lone at the homes Of
collar workers the report contains the
~folloWingc The making by homeworkers
of some part of the collar or cuff is 6
peculiar and interesting phase Of The
manufacture. Since the inception of The
industry much of the work has beer
done at the homes of families, the mem
bers of which were either unable, or
account of household duties, to take EN-,
plOyment in a factory, or were UNWILLING
10 do SO. 1t is stated there is not 9
town within a radius of 80 miles of Trio,
wherein a portion Of the female popu
lation is not engaged in some part O
collar and cuff manufacture. 1t is esti
mated that at least one-half of the popu
lation of ~Lansingburgh, which is now
part of Troy, are directly dependent OF
cellars, cuffs and shirts for labor. II
Natervliet. Bath and Greenbush larg,
numbers of females are engaged at HON,
on collar work. Albany also receives