davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1902-12-16
Notes From Carolioa Garden.

only three davs or November rcmain
and no killing frost yet cur Irish po-
tatoes are planted, and We are getting
afraid they may come up Wc had som"
Black Eye peas planted III rows ia the
garden for table Use Tho poaa wor, All
gathered and we then ran dcca ia~roW8
between the roNa and dropped tho pota-
toes whole. Then furrow WAS lapp.j
over from each side and the middics
plowed out clean. The deeu spaces be-
tween the beds were then Filled With
leaves to prevent TOO hard freezing. and
~c hope thc- win be all right ill spring
Big Boston and Hanson lettuce are head
Cd well and going to market ~ = cents
q dozen to the grocors. and thor" has
been no glass used over them At all II
we were growing on larger scale and
had to ship North ii is probable tnat VIC
would not clear this price for the lettuce.
But we arc only growing for the local
market and the dealers send out FOR it.
Spinach. too, is selling very we'll II
has always amused mo to note IN most
books on gardening that tEey advise the
sowing OF the prickly seed spinach ~
the fall ana the smooth seeded in the
spring. All gardeners / know d. the
very opposite In fact few market gar
dencrs ever SOW any of the prichly
seeded spinach at any time never do.
Then too here In late November we
are punching green onions fally as large
as they usually are in March. What the
winter may do for them is to be seen.
In the flower garden tho hmaryllis
JOhnsoni are still throwing UP their big
crimson lily-likc flowers. Roses are sfIll
with us as a matter of course and thcrc
are stir some pretty hrysanthcmums,
but most Of these have Withercd. Can
mas as bright rs July still adorn the
beds though Christmas is less than 4
month off.
November IS. First killing frost last
night.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1902-12-16
BILL ARP.
SHEEP HUsB aNDRY.
Mr.. Ihos s. Norhset Writes on the Value of
Raising Sheep in B3rtle.

Editor Windsor Ledger:
In your issue of Nov. 6, is an article
signed E.. in regard to sheep husbandry
and sad to say it's necessary colollary
the killing Of sheep by worthless dogs
in Bertie county. / agree with E. in
all he says in regard to this being a
good sheep country and also the desira-
bility of dog tax. Now as to this be-
ing a good sheep country l have been
raising sheep about ten years, com
menced with flock of twelve, have
bought prehaps as many more, have sold
at least two hundred, and now have about
80. These were ordinary native sheep TO
begin with, but | have used thorough
bred Shropshires for several years. Ny
sheep shcared three pounds of wool each
when l commenced keeping them They
now shear five pounds each. The lambs
sold for $3.50 each net; they now net
more than $500 each. In short, Mr..
Editor. since the Dingley tariff bill went
into effect-tho mind you, I don't say
that is the cause of tiny sheep have
paid me $500 per head in cash. besides
the steady increase of the flock to it's
present proportions.
The tax abstract shows about 1000
sheep in Bertie county. The county can
easily support ten times, yea, twenty
times as many-and see the money 1t
would bring into the county Just at the
time it is most needed. that is, during
the months of June and July.
Now as to dog question. l have kept
from two to twelve hounds for the past
thirty years until now, unfortunately,
q m entirely out Of them. But have never
seen the day when | was not in favor
of dog tax, the proceeds of which to
be applied to the payment for sheep
killed by dogs. Now the question Of
dog tax is UP to our representatives
elect.
Let us hear from others along this
line, and any other line that will benc-
fit the county and State.
THOS. S. NORFLEET.
Roxotcl \. c.. Nov. 13, 102.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1902-12-16
COLORING BUTTER.

The astonishing statement recently
made by Major Alvord at the Butter
makers Convention in Milwaukee, that
the colOTing OF butter is a fraud, is at
tTactiEg the condemnation it deserves
from the agricultural press. From time
mmemorial buttermakers have been in
the habit of coloring their winter butter
so as to keep up a standard color the
year through. The coloring has not been
done to make the butter look like any
jhlng else, as is the case with col
oTed limitations of butter, but merely to
Keep a uniform standard of color at all
seasons Of the year. There is no effort
TO deceive anyone by the coloring, for
The yellow is the trade markN Of butter.
&hC colOred butter is still butter aid
nothing else. The American Agricul-
lQflSt says that butter makers expected
Teachery in the camp of the enemy, but
10 find Alvord going back on them is
disconcerting 1t is up to him to
explain or cease posing as the friend of
ihe dairymen. His influence is forever
lost He will do dairymen more harm
man good They demand that he make
satisfactory explanation or resign, and
'H do one or the other quickly And
50 say ne all
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1902-12-16

as,mcnt. a profitable busiaes-. losing
one.
after consultation With Other lars to
bacco growers. hc has is-sea , circular
inviting The planters 10 me at hoc,v
Mount on the l9th of this snoatl 81 or
ganize an association. H. - circular
kc saws.
II believe this Is absolutely necessary
nov because + Ve do not term : pusi-
ness association at this the Tor our
mutual interest and protection wc shall
see the price OF tobacco fall ratl. with
the large crop which 1t seems noS Ger
tain VIII be planted for the year 1905.
We shall be selling our prataets AZ less
than the cost OF production
Colonel Cunningham Is 10 al3:Ui-t.
He is a level headed busia IS man. aai
q practical tobacco grow Who has
made money growing the Rsod IN . huI-
ness like way He is. Therefore. COM
petent to speak and to adv others Who
are not so well informed. AMI have not
been so long nor largely ia'cnua,i N.th
the industry as hc has Teen
We do not believe. either. in making
much ado about nothing .o. IN sound
ing alarms when there i no danger but
discretion is a good thing. il Is said .
be sometimes "thc better pare of valor.
but there is danger Of the tobacco busi-
ness being ovcrdone just rs cotton grow
ing has been oyerdonc. aua when a. IS
| overdone It IS too late 70 remedy the
! mistake Better fewer acr s.. less cx-
pcnse ard work and fair money than
many acres, much expense ard aork dnl
! little money. The tobacco pi.,a,er should
think seriously and look befofs n leaps
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1902-12-16
COLORING OLEOMARGARINE

Ihe Prairie Farmer comes out as the
apologist Of coloring oleo with the old
stale arguments in favor of the article
1t says: "Oleomargarine is a wholesome
articles of food, and those whose slender
purse conditions make it incumbent on
them to procure a cheaper article than
butter. should not be debarred the priv
ilege of obtaining that article in a pre-
sentable condition. Every article should
be sold on its merits. and for exactly
what it is. but the prevention Of colora
tlon is no great aid in enforcing such
policy. and we do not believe the end
JustlfleS the MEANS No one denies the
Wholesomeness of we'll made oeo. and
no poor man is prevented by the law
from getting 1t il he wants to. But be-
fore the passage Of the law there were
hundreds of places in the city where the
Prairie Farmer is published in which
all sorts Of fancy brands of butter were
offered for sale and never a pound of
oleo. though there was not an ounce of
pure butter in any of the places The
poor man is the very one who does not
want to be deceived in his butter. The
very life of oleo depends on it's being
passed off at hotels and restaurants as
butter. II the success Of the oleo trade
depended on the sales to people of slen-
der purses, knowing what they are buy
ing, there would be little of it sold
Nine men out of ten. if told at a hotel
that the butter offered was o1co and not
butter would refuse to use it. The fact
is that we have not yet seen a sample
of the so-called uncolored oleo that is
not yellow enough to pass for butter
and it is still offered as such at hotels
as we know. So far it would seem that
all that the law has accomplished is tc
make it q little paler than colored but
ter and is compelling dairymen to use
more color than they should. farm
paper that Joins the oleo ranks should
take down its sign.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1902-12-16
PEACH YELLOWS.

Every now and then some one thinks
that ne has found out that the yellows
in the peach comes from poverty of the
soil, and that potash or something else
is needed to cure it. The whole diff
Guilty is that these people do not know
the true yeIloWs. There is a great diff
ference between a tree affected by the
disease and one that has yellow leaves
simply from starvation. Fertilization
will cure the last but will have no effect
on the true disease. In fact, the exact
nature and cause of the disease is one
Of he unsolTed problems in horticulture.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1902-12-16
SAVING CABBAGE FOR SEED.

NJ w Eller Zionvllle. y. y i'i'
someone would give me lilloi nia iol'
about keeping cabbages 1or Seeu' ~ 40 '
DO seedsmen keep theh iroiii
r,til snring?" | greatly doubt whether
80 southern States are the proper place
for raising cabbage seed, but it can DC
aono Our friend would probably haVS
10 nrocced in the same way that North
crr growers raise seed Of early Narte-
tics namely by starting the plants late
=; no sna-or SO that they are not over
rine nv the time that winter sets n.
Possibly cabbage seed at the South couio
IL grown in one year, from plants start
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1902-12-16
The FALL FLOWING THAT PAYS.

ne subject Of fall blowing is now up
III The Experience Pool. Our readers are
laIIy aware that the editor has consist
emily opposed fall plowing and leaving
inc land bare in winter. 1t is usually
Urged that fall plowing saves plowing
-A The spring. But soil that does not
"6ed re-plowing in the spring is usually
"ie that should not be plowed at all in
,Ae fail. The heavy soils that are most
DeAahttcd by fall plowing, will usually
~1 round bettered by a reploWing IN the
SPEIDg We believe that the ordinary
Ian blowing, and leaving the land bare
'i winter does more harm in most cases
nan good. True, in the far North where
'"e Soll closes up tight all winter there
VII be less damage than where there
are heaVy rains and thawing and freeZ-
1S all winter. and the damage in the
''I North will be hardly appreciable as
-'Hpared with more Southern localities.
'"i We believe that even there some
''iay winter covering crop that neces-
','ies the spring replowing, will be or
"I'ahtago. There is no time during the
""ole year when the deep plOWing and
""aolllng needed by many soils can be
'elef done than in the late fall. and
''' ms reason we always favor the do
TX Oh the work at this time. provided,
""aFs, that some crop is soWn for the
VIII be too late over a large section
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1902-12-16
Afraid Of Too Much Tobacco.
Wilmington St2r.l

With other leading North Carolina to-
bacco growers. Col. John :, Cuni1 CHAM,
CT Person county, the largest tobacco
grower ir North Carolina IS Rorking 10
organize q tobacco grower associa ton
with view to acting in concert and thus
prevent, if possible, tho planting Of too
much tobacco next spring, which he con-
tends. and with good reason. too. will
be disastrous TO the planters. and make
what ought to be, under judicious man
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1902-12-16

OF the country to SOW this winter covar
put we have said enough on this point
heretofore to show what we favor In
the South there is still time to get tho
winter cover Of rye, and while a 1eeuma
crop would have been better. rye is still
a good thing for this purpose. and the
oenent TO the soil will fully repay the
adoltlonal labor Of turning it under in
the spring. The fall blowing that pays
then. is that which prepares for winter
cover that makes the farmer plow again
in the spring
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1902-12-16
Wait Till You Hear From Chatham

(Wadesboro Messenger and Intclligencer)
Papers al over the State have been
Dragging on seven and eight pound tur-
Mrs this eason. but Anson. as usual,
will go them one better yet
Arson S turnip measures thrtythrce
inches in circumference and weighed u
pounds. 1t weighed II pounds top and
all. 1t was raised by Mr. T. J. Bever-
ly, of the Beverly neighborhood.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1902-12-16
HE'S SIAN FLY.

J. F. Warlick, Grouse, n. c. writes
that the fly is playing havoc with the
wheat there owing to the late, fcostless
autumn. He sends samples that certain :
~ contain the pupae of the Hy really to
transform in the spring into the perfect
insect to lay eggs and hatch larvae to
eat the wheat. He says that some of
his neighbors are plowing the wheat
down and re-sowing, hoping in this way
to counteract the effects of tho fly. and
asks if this is wise We are inclined to
believe that his neighbors are doing the
best thing that can be done. We believe
the burying Of the pupae will probably
destroy them and that the wheat soWn
now may escape. OF course this could
not be done in a colder climate. but
have known at least one crop Of wheat
made iE Eastern North Carolina that
turned out thirty bushels per acre. and
it was not sown till the middle of De-
cember after the cotton was Off the Held
If advantage is now taken Of the mild
weather to get the wheat up the chances
are that we will have an unusually Illld
winter and we had rather AXE the
chances on plowing the fly infested wheat
down and re-soWing at once than 10
wait for them to get in their work IN
the spring A field infestei now will
certainly be badly damaged in the spring
and the late soWn wheat Will have at
least as good a chance. OF course we
would not advise the practice of sowing
as late as December as a rule. even III
tho mild climate OF CaroiiI a. But It is
a choice of two evils. ana the eurlci
wheat will help the crop.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1902-12-16
Will Take Long Steps.
IN. {. BAPTIST j

Senator Simmons has published an in
tervicw, in which he favors q restriction
Of the liCuor traffic in this State lie
advocate substantially the same law as
the News and Observer advocates. And
the Legislature viii act at its coming
session and viii take long stcrs toward
ridding tko State OF its greatest curse.
The Commissioners Of Moore county
will build a new modern Jail
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1902-12-16

T. j. Watkins, Poplar Hill, n. C.-Here,
where we have little frost and heavy
rains in winter nothing is gained py
Fall blowing 1t may be of Importance
TO the Northern farmers In getting an
early start in spring, but we are not so
hurried. | nave plowed alluvial land with
a heavy coat of vegetation and thought
it helped in the mechanical condltloh
Land plowed in the fall IS generally
closer in the spring than before | nave
tried burning in the spring and ploW-
ing at once with good effect. We have
abandoned fall plowing unless some crop
js sown as winter cover Experience
is q dear school. and | have had my
share in it. and hope the younger gen
Grafton may profit by it.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1902-12-16
FARM NOTES.
wv. r. Massey. in Practical Farmer)

The New 9ork Farmer says that there
is an article being sent out in barrels
from Chicago to dairymen. called "but
ter help. 1t IS sort of mucilage that
smells like butter and has 40 per cent
of water. 1t is intended to increase the
bulk of the butter by glueing the casein
etc, together. 1t would seem that q
daiIyman using this would come under
the oleOmargarine law. and his butter
would be simply another form Of oleo-
and liable to the same tax as an arti-
fetal imitation of butter.
The Michigan folks are we'll aware of
the value of Farmers Institutes. and in
no State are they more thoroughly car
Tied on We have received from the
Michigan Agricultural College a list of
A. 2-day Institutes and 2S 1-day insti-
tutes to be held during December and
January. We have not room for the
whole list, but our Michigan friends can
doubtless get it by writing to the Agri-
cultural College. Some day the Legis-
Iatures Of other States may wake up to
the Importance of these Institutes and
appropriate funds for their maintenance.
Quite list is being planned, we believe,
in Pennsylvania. but we have not yet
received Il.
The St Paul Globe says that there
are Indications that the big oleo manu-
tacturers are about to abandon oleo and
90 into butter manufacture on a large
scale with the purpose Of controlling the
whole butter manufacture. In other
words, they want to make big butter
combine and get the entire dairy inter-
est under their thumbs The idea seems
TO be for the packers to go into the mar
het and bid up butter prices so high as
10 poDulariZe the oleo in it's uncolored
condition, and dairymen are warned
against playing into their hands by ac-
capting small advances on what the
creameries are paying, since the effort
will be to freeze out the creameries and
then TO have the dairymen where they
VII be helpless 70 oppose the packers
eymeh should -.e9p their eyes on this
scheme and not allow themselves to be
deceived by temporary advance in price
With the creameries killed off they will
be In the hands Of the oleo men.
The Montgomery advertiser. [volume] (Montgomery, Ala.) 1885-1982, 1902-08-26
MARKETS FOR FUTURES
OPENING FIRM WITH PRICES 1
TO S POINTS UP.
Slight Reactions Followed by Fresh
Bull spurts and at the Close
Values Had Advanced
10 to 10 Points. =

NEW YORK. Aug 25.--The cotton ma ket
opened hrfn with prices los ponts higher This
being IN direct cont asst TO the ruling Of the
English market. which was barely ik@th
higher. whereas rise of "a points has beer
anticipated as response TO Satu days fl m
ness he;e. The, l9cal trace, however. oyer
locked the cable nevis ana svas influenced by
aai ming crop rports from mary parts Of the
belt notably from Texas, where continued
high Temperature and rapid deterioration sti ely
did not Indicate bumper Yield. The cen
trail and. rastern sections OF the belt coni-
planned 81 icpnt moisture, y hle thp CON-
dtion was said to- be dropping of day by day
with shedding and rust Shpusualtyt sure. Soon
after the call the bill efements led by'' .iIe
Wall Street operator so cons pic aons for some
special attention tothes Winter cpti ms, Livet-
pool was obliged to yield little from ITS bear
ish ideas and at the close that market was
hrm and 244 points higher. Whereas Eurore
was an early seller here, late orders went to
tho bull side and helped to strengthen the
market. Fear of a very unfav1rahie weekly
crop report tomorrow and that next week s
condition statemt Mt by the bureau will show a.
loss to below the figure for the same time slact
year undermined much short cotton. Many
stop orders were reached on the late Else.
few very slight reactions. but these We're
quickly followed by fresh bull spurts and
higher ruling Of values than before. The unar
ket at the close was fiji and io0l9 points
higher. Total sales were by. far the largest
In; months, estimated ~ 600. 600 bales. OF
which the bulk Yves in ssthes Wiqter months.
Private teiegrapnfs stated thar New, England
spinners free buyers OF SPIT cotton On
the South where ideas were rapidly hardening.
The Montgomery advertiser. [volume] (Montgomery, Ala.) 1885-1982, 1902-08-26
The Sulphur in Onions.

II is sulphur that gives the onion its
germ killing properties and makes the
bulb so verY useful as a medicinal agent
at all times. but especially in the spring,
which used to be, and still Is in many
places, the season for taking the brim-
stone and treacle in old-fashloned houses
before sulphur tablets came into vogue.
Now sulphur when united to hydrogen,
une of the gases of water forms sui
phretted hydrogen and then becomes a
foul-smelling compound. The onion. being
so juicy, has a large per centage of wa
ter in its tissues. and this, combining
with water the sulphur. forms the strong
Iy scented and offensive substance called
sulphuret of allyle. which is found in all
the albums. This sulphuret of allyle min
giles more especially with the volatile or
aromatic oil OF the onion. 1t is identical
with the malodorant principle found in
dssafoetida. which is the symbol of al
most all the smells that are nasty. The
horse radish, so, much liked with roast
beef for its keen and biting property. and
the ordinary mustard of our tables, both
owe their strongly stimulative properties
to this same sulphrett of allyle, which
gives them heat and acridity. but not an
offensive smell. owing to the different ar
rangements of the atoms of their volatile
oils
The Montgomery advertiser. [volume] (Montgomery, Ala.) 1885-1982, 1902-08-26
BRAVE OLD NANNY.
And She Has Son as Brave as Her
self


Louisville Courier-Journal
America voolfolk, a colored woman,
who was born a slave in Shelby County,
KY. seventy years ago. performed
heroic act in New Albany Thursday after
noon that would have been remarkable
in young and vigorous man.
The old woman lives in the West AL
bany suburb on the Bubb Road, short
distance west of New Albany. She had
driven her buggy to the mouth of Fall
ing Run Creek, a short distance from her
home, for the purpose of washing it, and
while engaged at the work Jeff Stone. an
11-year-old colored boy. and companion
went into the river short distance away
to swim. Stone stepped into a hole over
his head and was swept under by the cur
rent. America, who Is still active and
strong. despite her great age. swan after
the boy, seized him from the bottom OF
the stream, carried him ashore and work
ed with him until he was resuscitated.
She said that she learned to swim while
a slave in Kentucky when girl and had
not forgotten that accomplishment.
Americas son performed an act of he
roism during the Spanish-American war
that was we'll known to his comrades.
George voolfolk. the son mentioned, was
a private in one of the colored regiments
that participated in the battle of San
Juan Hill. He was in that part of the
field that had been greatly harrassed by
a Spanish sharpshooter. who was conceal
ed in a lofty tree and from that point of
vantage had killed a half dozen soldiers.
AS he was using smokeless powder, his
location could not be ascertained, and
the men were dropping without their COM
rades being able to learn whence the
fatal shots were fired. Woodfolk, an ex-
pert marksman, at the risk of his life.
crept some distance to the front of his
regiment, and waited quietly for devel-
opments After another shot had been
fired by the Spanish sharpshooter he OBJ
served a slight rustiing of the leaves and
fired at the spot Almost instantly the
Spaniard dropped from his lofty perch and
the gallant soldier rejoined his regiment
amid a shower of bullets from the COM
rades of the sharpshooter.
For many years America has been a
valued servant in the household of Mr.
and Mrs Newland r. DePauw, having
nursed Misses Katharine and Jane, their
children, during their infancy and girl