The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-11-09
TO TRY OUT OUR SUBMARINES
NEW TYPES TO DE PUT THROUGH
SEVERE TESTS THIS WEEK.
Much More Required Of Them Than Of the
Holland. the Governments First Ac.
QUESTION Of the kind--BOth boats
Improved. Details Kept secret.


QUESTION Of the Kind--Both boats
Improved. Details Kept secret.
Arrangements have been completed for
the trials Of the new submarine boats which
begin this week. They will last from ten
days TO two weeks, this length of time
being necessary. az they will be Of most
comprehensive character.
The most important tests will be for
speed and endurance. These tests will
range from half mile run repeated num-
b,rof in,s to wv Jivc-hour endurance test
In which the engines mus, ho run az full
speed. The vessels i'll he tried with suf-
face awash and completely submerged.
Tho tests will take place about the upper
end Of Long Island.
Tney will 10 wa:che With much interest
10y naval experts both in tic United States
aid abroad. Submarine boats are not
o. recent invention. but il is only within
the las, few years that they have be, n taken
NJ seriously by the navies OF the world,
and while there is still room for improve
men,, the new boats. OF which the Mo- a.
SIN and Adder are 10 b. tried this time ar
cxp-cted 10 show a vast improvcmentovrr
the Holland, the only submarine vessel
now in Possession OF the navy.
Nearly 400 years have elapsed since q
CiS'ni-.nr boat wa built AT Toledo, Spain.
ana 1t is possible that experiments in y
direction Of submarine navigation were
made even earlier than that. since tic
beginning OF this century, the develop
men's In submarine boats have been more
rapid, although from the time Of Fulton
down to the Civil War little was done to-
ward perfecting them. During the war
tho Confederates were successful in blow
Ing up the Housatonic with submarine
boat.
Many improvements have been made
In rms direction since then. A distinction
was drawn early between the diving and
fubmerging types OF sub!uarir" boat
The former arises and dcsceuds principally
by the rse of hydrorlanas; the submerg-
able by the usc Of wei ghts and water tanks
France has been experimenting with both
types and having expended moro time and
money In this direction than any other
country In the world has confess, dy
superior equipment of these craft 1t is
believed, however, that the new vessels
built for the United States navy will equal
or better Tire French hon,s Of the sam.
siI.
y" submarine boat Of thu subncrgahlr
type, in successful operation. has been
presented 10 the American Government
and in the absence Of an actual del mon
stration OF what the inventors Of such
boats say they arc able to do. Congress
has refused 10 appropriate money for their
Copstruction. The tendency through out
the world ia toward the diving type. as the
different nuvies demand vessels which
arc easily manageable and can rise uuc xiv
to the surface. take an observation AID DIVE
again. In . moments time.
OF necessity the hulls OF submarine boats
must he OF the ligh,sst steel const rIc,i ion
ana susceptible 10 obstruction by almost
Inc snlail, bt guns on attic shiIs or cruisers
Consequently, III action, they must seek
INC &fottcbon OF tho water as much as Dos
slLi, ana and rap!dity OF movement Is Of
Lie mgnts value. England has ordered
stNh Vessels OF the American Type ard
HorNay oIt, while Portugal ana flollaEd
are negotiating Tor ves,ci, oil the .amo
nID6rl.
heretofore the Navy Department has
iusa'N"' the SUI marine toat as a toy,
I'' aiIHcitly 1t mas recently changed lis
N't", ior v hon Portugal asked let mission
i'r oiIcrTs Of the iu.tugucsc M.iu,
III Army 10 Wituc-s the trials and iIs,Jcct
I'D" coats the SECRETARY o! the Navy re-
fused To let them eaalnine the interior of
TIC boats. ms II pCSsii.Iy due TO the
lac; tGat While TIE holland was buiit "
Tor Contractors ana t."n sold TO tie Gov
| m M, - neW V sails we're iut nv
coat act Win tac -. v'ruileat ald cheer
to Inspection of NJ. . officers and hey
contain many h"iI, 'Ecnts, the O. act
ca actcr Of " HIGH II is Geeneu liza ivisal la
- t." Representatives, 81 foreign navi,s
% Enop.
Interest in the srt joe, is gouclal through
out tho faitd States, est ccially on the
srs coast. The -, aztec ,lanll er Of Com
morcc recently solicited tie good Offices of
tie IN" n. cls Of JCnsIcss and Senators !rC m
I've iaci'c SiCic {" lave a nuint or Of the
vcesrlH assig1CG 10 Le!cnd Puget Sound,
and ilany II ni!ar requests have been re-
coir"i for tho assignment Of submarines
= defend &c cnSteru harl ors, from Port
hlt, Mo, 10 Charleston. ). {.
n themselves tho submarine loats are
sishtly moro tHan gigantic tori edocs,
hut tloy nave tho advantage over "A torpedo
Ia hcilg erected bv human Intelligence,
Propelled y engines and teng able TO
(: I've times without reloauing With
as med HULL hydroplanes and rudder,
fI'y arc built on the model OF fish with
! fms II the tail instead OF on the side
u" hUll contains gasoene engine and
tan, an e!ectric motor and storage bat
~ l'', air chambers and water chambers,
md tore - tube. besides space to carry
tvo to:per o. and crew OF seven men.
Inc diSic ty Of packing all this machin-
cry, which Is OF the most delicate tyre,
and at tho same time necessarily Of the
greatest power and strength, led to in
creased dimensions for tho new boats.
Without sacrificing hardness the increase
In dimensions and displacement has en-
lied the designers to provide much more
roomy and haoita bic vessels with an i'm
,rover armament ana q very considera able
Increase In speci and radius Of act ion
The extra surface power provided Permits
tho batteries or air fasks to be rccharged
while proceeding at a speed Of about
knots on the surface.
A comparison Of the Holland and tho
Moccasin shows these figures:
Hoand-Trnrth over all. 81 feet 10 inches:
d'nmrter. 10 feet inches: displacement sub.
merged. about - tons surface speed. 6knots;
submer gcd speed about 5b knots; gas engine
for surface propulsion and charging battery.
30 horsc-ro main motor for under water
propulsion. 50 hors" power: battery capacity.
eoo nrnpAre hours; torpedo armemcnt. one
bow tube and three short " hitehcad tor pcdocs.
,Mocoasin Len at h over all. a. feet inches;
diameter. II feet inches: displacement
smbmer sed. about 1872 tons surface speed.
9 knots: submerged speed, 7 knots main
sngin" for sur face propulsion and char ging
batteries. lao horse powcr; main motor for
under water propulsion, 10 horse power; bat
cnDacify a. m houra tOrpplo