davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-08-29

PROVIDENCE, r. L., Aug. 28-ReC-
ords continue to be smashed at the
grand circuit races at NarraganSett
Park. The free-for-all pace was to-
days special feature. and the second
heat in 2:02 fiat was the fastest mile
IN race this year. The last half was
IN one minute. Anaconda, 2:01% beat
Prince Alert, 2:00%, in two straight
heats, both in wonderfully fast time.
This is the first free-for- all of the year
and its presence on the card was re-
Sponslble for a large attendance, APP
proximating $4,000 persons. Dan Patch,
2:O0A, will start tomorrow afternoon
in an effort to beat the worlds record
and Myron McHenry thinks he can
drive the fastest mile ever made in
harness.
The Roger Williams $4,000 stake,
postponed from yesterday, made eight
heats. Scott HudSon's blind horse
Rhythmic, the early favorite, was dis
tanced in the seventh heat, and Nut
bearer won the race.
The 2:14 pacink stake was hot race
that required six heats to decide. Ana
drosis, 2:O7, the fastest horse bred in
Maine, was liked by quite following,
especially when Myron McHenry drove.
Carl Wilkes won the first heat with
new record Of 2:O5A, and then the
third after Anadrosis took the second,
but neither could land the race Lo-
canda, the Boston horse, owned and
driven by James Nj. Brodbine, won the
last three heats. The 2:22 trot was
won by William Tell in three straight
heats, the fastest in 2:11k. Major
De1nar got the 2:10 trot Just as easily.
Summaries.
The Roger Williams 2:14 trotting, purse
$4,000 concluded
Nutbearer, b 6, by
Nutbreaker- Kate
Standard, by
STANDARD (Foote}- 7 5 "a 1 /
Dulce Cor, b m
Wentworth, blk ?
1McHenry $3.50. 3 1 6 Z 2 2
Alice Carr. b m
GARRISON ....... 1 2 8 s 2 A
Rhythmic, br h
: Hudson> 1900. 1 10 5dis
Reelected, 6 h
co SMaey5 S, i M 10 3 2 $ 70
Nobel 5 h iBen- :. 70
: Dicke Ioi 80 Al 6 70
Rowellan. b 6
Di Seetdsn' sp Piers = DR.
!, Tine 5:SS95A 2:oSA. : a:os& T. 2:osH,
2;dOA 2;12A, .2:10A, 2:12.
1, 2;22 class, trotting, purse $1,000
William Tell, g, by Almont
Brunswick, dam by Legal Tender
Ksieyala. 5 N (Youngjj ...:::...:5 1
Rustic, br Il. MeDonaidj .......5 5 5
Roam Wilkes, TO 6 (Greer) .........3 5 5
Kittie Wilkes, b m (Rathbun) ......7 6
Surprise, b 6 (Brusie) ........6 8 Z
Coy Fortune, Oh h {Noble) .8 z 8
Time, 2:13A, 2:121a, 2:11h.
2:14 class, pacing, purse $500
Locanda, br h, by AlIer-
ton-Kathrina, by AL
cyone (Brodbine) ......3 4 5 1 1
Carl Wilkes, oh 6 a.. Nc
DOnald) ................1 2 1 8 2
Anadrossis, CHI 6 (McHen-
ROSEBUD 5y9 Oh m lNuctol ; 4 7 : 8 8 ro 3
Knoxs Gelatine Boy, blk
lBrusle) ............ 3 no
Winfield Stratton,
e(McGuire) .............5 6 Z no
Little Sphinx, m (Wil-
Brown 9H2 Heels. j. h iDodgejs sdis 8 70
2.o MiEne 'a.o 2;S5A' 2:o7A' 2;1OA' 2:oSA,
Free-for- all class pacing, two in three;
purse 1880
Anaconda, b g, by Knight Haggin,
mare by Algona (Dickerson) I'll 1
Conner, blk "a. McDonald) .....3 3
Shadow Chimes, b h (spear) .........4 4
Time, 2:02A, 2:02.
2:10 class, trotting, two in three purse
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-08-29

III CIuD batting LOUISVILLE holds first
place, with st. Paul second. In club field
ing the Saints are down next to Mime
apolis, but in work on the base lines the
Kelley men lead the association. The
records are as follows:
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-08-29
BREWERS WIN AGAIN
ONE BAD ROUND GIVES LAST
GAME OF SERIES TO
MILWAUKEE
STiMMEL HAS TROUBLE
IN CLOSING INNINGS

Tall TwirIer Works in Several Wild
Fail to Hit AItrcck When Runs Are
Promised-MiIers at Lexington To-
day.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-08-29
PACE AT PROVIDENCE
GRAND CIRCUIT MEET EVOLVES
MORE NEW THINGS BY WAY
OF RECORDS
LAST HALF or MILE
RACE IN ONE MINUTE

Anaconda Defeats Prince Alert in Two
Straight Heats in Wonderfully Fast
Time-Dan Patch Will Today At
tempt to Lower the Worlds Rec
ord.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-08-29

in the water twenty two hours and TWEEN
ty-one minutes.
Notwithstanding his weak condition,
Holbein after landing, walked up the pier
with the assistance of friends. The crowd
present gave the swimmer an ovation.
Holbein says he will not again attempt
to swim the channel.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-08-29
cresceus Takes a WhIrI.

CHILLICOTHE. Mo, Aug. 2S.-Cres-
ceus, driven by George Ketcham, went a
mile in 2:05 fiat here today.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-08-29
Waseca a Winner.

Special to The Globe.
WASECA, Mimi, Aug. 2S-Waseca, 4;
Fort Dodge, g. Batteries: Holland and
Ostdick; Boyle, Easton and Rudd.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-08-29

Left on bases, Louisville 5, Toledo 2;
two-base hit, Odwen; three base hits
Clymer, Odwell; home run, Smith; sacri-
fee hits, Flournoy, Flaherty; double play,
Schaub to Bonner to Camel; stolen bases,
Schaub struck out, by Flaherty 3, by
German 5; hit by pitcher Camel; base
on balls, off German 2; time, 1:18; umpire,
Tindill =
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-08-29
NATIONAL LEAGUE.
PLAY CONFINED TO ONE GAME.
Pitcher Taylor Badly Slaughtered by the

PITTsBURG. Pa, Aug. %. - The
slaughter of Taylor in the third inning
was enough to break the heart of any
pitcher. One of the six hits made in this
inning was Conroy's homer when the
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-08-29

Bases on balls. off Williams 2, off Bal
ley A; struck out, by Williams 2; hit by
pitched ball. by. Bailey, O'Brien; three
base hits, Hogriever, Coulter; sacrifice
hits, Woodruff, Belden, Turner; stolen
base, Turner; left on bases. Indianapolis
10. Columbus 4; umpire, Haskell; time,
Record Game as to Time.
LOUISVILLE, KY, Aug. 2S.-Louisville
and Toledo played today's game in one
hour and eighteen minutes, which is be-
lieved to be the American associations
record for the season. Both pitchers put
up good ball, but German was given poor
support. Toledo's only tally was home
run by Smith. Attendance, 527. Score:
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-08-29

Games Today.
Minneapolis at st. Poul.
Milwaukee at Kansas City.
Indianapolis at Louisville.
Columbus at Toledo.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-08-29
Minneapolis IL 2 III 2 SIS
Kansas City Il 0 0 Q O.

Earned runs. Minneapolis 3. Kansas City
/ bases on balls, off Newlin l, off Cribbins
/. off Gibson 5, off Gear 2; two-base hits.
Cribbins, Werden. Yeager. Rothfuss;
three base hits. Wilmot 2; hits, off Crib
plays. Wilmot to Quillin, Lynch to Wer
den to Yeager, Quillin to Werden; hit by
pitched balls, Lynch, Thiel; struck out,
fuss, Smith, Thiel 2; sacrifice hits, Nance
McAndrews; innings pitched, by Gibson
35h, by Gear AZ left on bases, Minneapo-
lis IL, Kansas City 5; time, 200; umpire,
Figgmeier; attendance, $50.
Won in First Two Innings.
INDIANAPOLIS, Ind, Aug. 2S.-Indian-
apolis secured enough TALES in the first
two innings to win todays game. Column
bus made a game losing fight. Attend
ance 1872 Score:
White Oaks eagle. (White Oaks, N.M.) 189?-190?, 1902-06-12
Murder. Or Suicide?

At Ration an aged man was
found in the arroyo, throat cut
and the arteries of his rists sever
ed, a gold watch and large sum
oflmoney were found on his per-
son. Nothing further about the
man or the manner of his death
is known.
The doctors and lawyers of Las
Vegas crossed bats in the great
American game of base ball last
week, and Hon. o. A. Larazola
had a leg broken as result of a
fall.
White Oaks eagle. (White Oaks, N.M.) 189?-190?, 1902-06-12

suspended during their ringing
(and that is many times during
the day. and it is not unusal for
them 10 be heard at midnight
and they always mingle with the
voices of myriad of cocks crow
ing all over the city at 5 to 3
o'clock in the morning.
The people rise early and GO to
bed early. The first thing we
hear in the morning is the sweep
ing of streets or the running OF
hydrant, after the cock Growing
and the ringing of bells. Fires
are lit by the poorer class at an
early hourly many before 1t is
fairly highland the women pre-
pare breakfast SO the men can go
about the livelong day, in many
instances doing nothing. And
an easy time they have. The wo-
men, too, for that matter. 1t is
safe to say that there are no poor
people on earth who are more
content and suffer less for the ne
cessities of life than do the Fill
pino people. 1t is not because
IGNORANCE is bliss, either. They
simply obtain without much ex'
ertion the comforts of life.
The Chinese are the bone and
sincw of Manila, and the only
people here who takes kindly tt
manual labor. The American:
here are no fonder of work thar
, the Filipino.
The walled city" contains
probably two-fifths of the popula
ton of Manila, though but lit
tie portion of the wholesale an
retail business. The courts, tn
, government buildings, both civl
: and military, and the principa
/. schools are in the walled city.
! The climate we may be pre-
. JUDGED, because our health du'
y ing the year we have resided |
Manila has been splendid-to OF
: liking is perfect; never hot like
. is in the states when 1t IS h'
- there. During the rainy seaso
there in cleanliness and a fresl
" ness that are always invigoratln
: and the dry season is a chang
:. but not so healthy.-Manila Ju'
ticia-
White Oaks eagle. (White Oaks, N.M.) 189?-190?, 1902-06-12
our FOREIGN
POSSESSIONS.
Description of the Place by a Paper
Published There.

The city of Manila is the capi-
tai of the Philippine islands and
is situated on the island of Luzon,
on Manila bay, and has a popu-
lation of some 100000 people,
divided as follows: Natives, 225,
900: Chinese, $4,000, and others,
principally Americans, 10000.
1t is quaint, old fashioned
city, built upon the northeastern
shore of the bay, which is nearly
round, and about twenty-four
miles across.
The houses are principally built
of manufactured stones, and are
one, two and three story struct-
ures. The walls are from two to
four feet thick, and built to with
stand the earthquake, and dol. e.
the less severe ones. The streets
are generally tolerably straight
and from thirty to sixty feet wide,
with the majority of them about
thirty-five feet.
The city is lit very poorly with
electric lights. There is street
car line, the cars being drawn by
small ponies. The telephone sys'
tenn is poor. Manila has a very
good water works system, pres
ented to the municipality by a
Filipino who has departed thi:
life. The condition of the gif'
was that the poor people shoult
always have water free, and th'
public hydrants are accordingl,
we'll distributed about the city
The Pasig river flows through
the city from the northeast to tn
southwest. Below the first bridg
above the mouth of the river
the famous bridge of Spain,
the river is wide and deep, and
constantly crowded with CON
1nercial boats of all description:
it is sight worth a long journe
to see.
The churches and cathedra
are a marked feature of Manil;
Their grandeur, and in many ii
stances elegance, is wonder ar
surprise to the stranger. Ar
the bells, the beautiful bells
The devotion Of the people the
music foretells. Those who {
not like them think they a
something lawful" to confer
plate. On feast days-and the
are many-business in the imm
diate vicinity has at times to
Arizona republican., 1902-06-06

i> miles; total valuation. $G4,5oo. in c!udng Improvements and telegraph line rate Der mile. $35S3-53
 Arizona and New Mexico-f1 miles, re turned. SS.JJ0 per mile and raised U Si,5cj; total valuation, S2i0.''9; rate, SJ.14G.95
 santa F. P4ci.ic-:S6.734 miles return of right cf way at 5S45.ta accepted; rolling stock and personal pr"'ei iy valued at $542 9S9.31: total. $966 $50: rate l-r ,nile, $2.5C0.
 GaIicapa and Phoenix and Salt River Nails y-3l 3S miI-s returned at S+'io1 per mile and raised to $i,5n3: total .tluatioa including improV Vencnts. .%l.l.55l; total rate per mile, $i.9S9.S7-
 IT Fasc and SouthWsstern-22-o miles; total valuation including right ot way and inlploN enents. $l25.950. total rate. s5.ii322 -.
 Saginaw Souihern-lS miles returned at =ll17J ant raised to $l5."'0; rt;'. s>:.3..3.
 Central Arizoua-1I miles. r"iscd from $l .500 tu El5.eoo rate. Sl l,3GS.G+,
 The difference in the rate of these two latter roads, tor they are both CT t1r same character, lumber roads, is accounted for by he fact that the for u!er il making it's return included i,S sldstlacl1S in its mileage: while in the case of the latter road they are in- cluded under the head cf improve menJs.
 Tn board put valuation of S4oo oa all standard Pullman sleepers. and :l go cE all tourist sleepers. The total valuation of ali sleepers used in this territory l. S55.04S.32 It is mstributed a.acng the various roads as foio" $: A.a1icops: and Phoenix and Salt River Valley, S2.292lI. santa Fe Prescott &, i-hot nix $ coo; santa ke Pacific. $-T.4c+49; santa Fe and Grand CanyC1. Si52.4o: southern Pacific. Sld.c6S95: New Mexico and Arizona. SSS9.3..
 In this distribution i, Win be obs s=rVe'! '! that n some e. the roads the v"lua- .ica iy considerably less than tha value of a single car. That means that the use oi d ear is divided between ,-- road and anoiher one and that the rest Of its value is included in the vaulatiol If Pullman cars oa the other road. The tctsI railroad and 2ullmaa car val nations this year amount S4 e9S,t5i.l2. This is an increase over the valuation lest year. cf $I15.e95.4I Last year though tte IT i-l-u and S"ath~este. was nct in, Iudcj in the list.
Arizona republican., 1902-06-06
RAILROAD VALUATIONS
The Territorial Board of Equalization
 Completes Its Work

The territorial board of equalization yesterday concluded the assessment oi the railroads cf arizona for the year 19c2. The assessments are a very iit tie higher chan they Were q Year asJ a:d in almost every instance the ValJi4 tiGn cf the track and franchise was il- ,reagel aDCVe the re.ulns. ln al! cases where this was don the board did no. believe that such q difference really eX- isted, but the raises were made to cCN2t :, want of a proper lsturn on ;.I! olhar classes of eaiiroad property than the mack. U was mOre convenient ta se- cure d proper valuation in this way than ta wade through the different items .l improvements and personal r., oE-rty. The following are the fig ures:
 soathern Pacifio-4EileaEa @93.7; rate returned. $5.I7S. raised to @7,1oG: ValUa- tian c1 right of way. $z,3-..25G; total rate per mile on right C. way and im- proverneats. $1.t-2; total valuatiol- S2.-5a.!s5.
 N-W Mexico and Arizona railway SIS miles: returned. $263.loo raised u S@51 .3C.: total valuation Of riSh. of way and inprovsn nts $5.2.2lN local rate pe. mile. $4,24C.0s.
 Ali2ona ami Southeastern railroad +o2 miles: returned S152, ,S10. raised to $ls- 55C: total valuation including inn pr-Eaments and telegraph line, S- 4.225S: total rate per mile. $0.G7S.55.
 1iorenci Southern jnarr5U Ga-gej-
Arizona republican., 1902-06-06
HELD TO ANSWER
Examination of Tomas Cordona for
 Murder of Bias Gillian

T..-.."s Cordona y.tc killed Bias Gti- Ian na~,. !:u- l.eve threc we.7s ago l.'s1 sunday night, WAS examined on the charge Of murder yceterdly. by Jus ticc Gray, ana heid to answer ta 'he s.-ard j;:ry without bail
 This was the naturally expected re- =IIt O: the examinations and theref@re created no surprise. Some interest ,' Is created a ttE- hearing. however by thc efec:ts; of his attorney Ebert Levine. 70 make the best showing possible Tor is Client. and lay the foundation for Good defan~a ir the district court, fer a. Inc days 2, b. tha &aran12aJ'S crime has come to be considered .v-s'
 hcinjrus than Was first supooscd :'nd his flienl.s believe he has B s,od sn 4i.,e ter c:-c1claf;on. or q liGht sentence. During the taking of testimony for the territory. Deputy Sheriff Gibson and District Attorney Edwards told the story e Gordon g confession to them
 ir the jail through interpreter .iolaH1r. GblpC ton was ,a31e tO the admission Cf ,he confession OF the ground that inc
 defendant WIS laUurinS q the time In ! ter a self prompted hope of benefit tG he derived from tnn coIlfesis0n. Whi-n. 2ccariiu" ta authorities presented hy d@fendaGts attorney, should un.jer ] such cilc,fn2s ,anc.S be a.clu.ie:i. :b..- i 5ct;ion n.is also IiaJn oc rhe SrouDI ] that "1 tl4 ci.re ol tEc confession the
 ie1eulart belie>e3 that Attorney t,I- %2rda. instead of being tha public 9.2s- otutar, Mas occupying the oiice of one ] a pl oigled to detend those under accd-
 s:ti9u. The ii,gl o55ectiaa 'r.-s }-.l..'lt
 e} when Mir. Gibaal referred to q sim
 liar confession made to him at Con
 s,rcs- Junction *i'or'iY aftaI' t,.e a:-7s.st.
 The proseeu,ion then Hae A1s- .'1r- 6"ua on the st1El in the heiiet tl3a. ac
 ~as ooJ tso vire of tAe a,CuzeI. 11c de.ense proved thai ehe vas hi., vie.
Arizona republican., 1902-06-06
TAN ON BABIES.

Extreme hot weather is q great t:.x upon the digestive power of babies; when puny and feeble they should be given a few doses of Whites Cream Nerlni1uGe. the children's tonic: It Hill stimulate and facilitate the diSes- ton of their food, so that they soon be cone strong. healthy and active. 2ac at EElvey & Huletts, the live druggists
Arizona republican., 1902-06-06
Matters of Record

The following instruments reported by the Phoenix Title Guaranty and Ab- stract company were filed for record in the county recorders office yesterday:
 United States to William v. Brown. patent IL no1l -:,-,--,s-t1W.
 Burroughs Abbot and wife tc Chari-@ N. Seals. deed L. tract in nei4-2-in-2e. cciiaiys ration. $S90.
Arizona republican., 1902-06-06

and that her testimony N:s not ,3esi.'- auie at this time. She waS c!ioWe1 to Vacata the gj:.sG
 Couns-l for tAa defendant thea moved that tnr case b. dismissed ard ta, defendant discharged. The ground 5-is.n vas ulrol% tEe technical question js,t T-nua lad not been cstablis.2-5 ! The witnesses tiI the prosecution iia1 Ce-ori!s the place oi tha .2urder ..a Icing in ,hc E..irlty of iuckaye. but roA@ of ,re.3 testified that tie i,iil- ing occurred ia -4"r,c0p2 county. Ice.-
 aHosea :, MS. but th7v had a5.ei' vefUHy ::l'-.t zlr llie l..aft.i ot l-oi,l- U lines. The court. Eo~tEe-. felt rret- <. Wet. -atisGsd a:s te Wnc;; tho ,.st.:- t"r c, urr=a and a.-e.r'-i"l llin mo- ion.
Arizona republican., 1902-06-06
For Mecnanics-Lasco Pine Tar Soar
AFFILIATIONS OF \ BACHELOR.

The older some men get the more they can act ik- young foola.
 it is hard fo- most people 10 forgive these they have done d wrong to.
 Women get inspiration cut of their Hibl-; men eUt or their cheek books.
 Tha man who malries UidoW get a long s,ar, on the one who marrtas q q W,ul2u who won't be one -.-. he dis.
 When people 3ave sometbine the matter with them and cant set over il thcy first take to medicine and then to religion
Arizona republican., 1902-06-06

After every meal in q certain Atchi- son family the members eXpend enough C-,-rSy in quarroiing over who shall wash the dishes to accomplish the work
Arizona republican., 1902-06-06

when 2 woman Sats 9 yard of lace at q dry -"ads sore it means aua trip back ta change il. d trip c. match what sne changed. and a fourth trip tp set more
Arizona republican., 1902-06-06

}A}y one rene -= il inc world :hlt .. ...it at onca stop itching e the skin il l T lalt c, the body; Doan'a O;nt.ae-:J. -t- :.uy diuef store. 50 cents.
Arizona republican., 1902-06-06

Iniy q mighty mean man Will send ',- wife GcWnstair5 t3 request 6uiE- lar Co make less noise
Arizona republican., 1902-06-06

Mermaid Washing FUwGsr coupons IT each package. Fresenes free
Arizona republican., 1902-06-06

Whenever We See a funeral proces- sion 20 by with it's attendant sadness, We tr. t. imagine 30G0O in st. Pierre. md find We are growing dizz.-.
Arizona republican., 1902-06-06

knows the benefit of keeping cool and refreshed in warm weather. You may see her daily during the heated term partaking of our delicious ice cream soda. We have a reputation for serv- ing the very choicest. All fruit favors, and strictly pure. A glass of our wholesome and palatable soda is like balm in Gilead when you're heated and tired.
The Wilmington daily Republican., 1902-04-02
Extra Session in MARYLAND,

Annapolis, Nd, April The
discovery was made tonight that
the House failed to pas, the bill
fixing the State tax rate ut II cents
on the SlOO one of the most im-
porlant measures before.
Governor Smith has summoned
Attorney General Kayner and
other State officials for a confer.
ence and it is certain that IN extra
session must he called to pass the
bill. The fight between the Sens
ate and the coalition in the House
led by Isaac J.. Straus, is believed
to be largcl y responsible for this
omission on the part of the
House.
The tax rate measure liza pass
ed the Senate, and the House lad
plenty of time to act NJ Oh 1t, but
it was overlooked in the fight
over political and other mcasuhes.
No tax can be legally collected I'M.
less the bill. is passed by the
House.
The Wilmington daily Republican., 1902-04-02
NIbM0Nh nVEC lurest. Stro..g gest. Sin.
DlhMVND DiGOple,t. Fastest Of ali Dyes.
Aid Delaware Rivers

Washington, d. C., April J. Sena-
tor Penrose proposed in the Senate
to day amendments to the River and
llarbor bill authorizing survey of
tho harbor at Wilmington, Del. and
Chrstana River, with a view of pro.
vding bulkheads for said harbor and
river and widening the channel to 20
feet; to complete the survey of the
smyrna River, Delaware, and to sur.
vey for additional cuts to Straighten
and shorten that river: to appropriate
$40, 900 for maintenance Of the impro.
vcmcntS OF st, Jones River. Delaware
and to increase the appropriation for
Pittsburg llarbor from $4,000 to
$4,000.
The Wilmington daily Republican., 1902-04-02
Chicago Charter Election,

CHICAGO, April 2.-Ihe Republic
ans and Democrats each made Il net
gain of one alderman in the city elec-
t1on. The new council will consist of
80 Republicans, 80 Democrats and in.
dependent. The old council consisted of
3S Republicans. % Democrats and 3 in
dependents. The hottest fight Of the
campaign was in the First ward, where
Il determined effort was made by the
opponents Of John Coughlin, known
as "RathhOuSc," to defeat him. II was
the only ward in the city where any
thing like full vote was pollcd
Coughin won easily. however, securing
majority of 1905 votes over David
l.. Frank, the Republican candidate.