davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07
NERRAsKA IN CONGRESS-

Two years ago at least four congress.
sional districts In Nebraska were de-
batable. Two OF these districts, the
Third and Sixth, were lost to the repub-
licans by only a few hundred votes
chiefly because Congressman Mercer dis
couraged the national congressional
committee from making an effort to
carry them by representing that they
were hopelessly popocratic.
The decisive majority by which the
state was carried for Mckinley and
Roosevelt two years ago and again last
year affords reasonable assurance that
Nebraska will be represented by a solid
republican delegation in the Fifty-eighth
congress providing no mistake is made
in the selection of the candidates. The
debatable districts range from only 200
to 600 foreshadows close contests in the
Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth districts,
in each of which the personal character
and ability Of the candidate will deter
mine the outcome.
In all these districts the repub-
licans will within the next ten
days make their nominations for con-
gress. 1t behooves delegates to these
congressional conventions TO bear in
mind the conditions that confront them
and to subordinate personal preferences
to the requirements of party success.
Above all they must not delude them
selves with the idea that ~mediocrity can
win out in the race through the favor of
some corporation or by the lavish ex-
penditure of money. What is needed In
each district is a candidate who not
only has the integrity and capacity, but
who inspires confidence in the people
that he will represent their interests
faithfully and efficiently.
II these conventions will take adj
vantage Of the rare opportunity pre-
scented to them, Nebraska will be the
banner state for republican gains in the
next congress.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07
TAFTS MISSION TO ROME.

The mission of Governor Taft to Rome
appears to have had entirely satisfac-
tory results SO far as the relations Of
the vatican to conditions in the Phil
ippines are concerned. To his assur-
ances that the Roman Catholic church
has nothing to fear from the extension
of American authority over the islands
the pontiff responded by expressing
pride in the church in this country and
saying that he earnestly desired to help
the American administration of the Phil
ippines in every possible way, also
assuring Governor Taft that the vatican
would approach all questions raised in
the broadcast and most ~conciliatory spirit
One of the most difficult matters con-
fronting the government in the Philip
pines is in relation to the interests Of
the Roman Catholic church there and
undoubtedly the vatican can give most
valuable assistance in bringing about an
amicable and satisfactory settlement of
the questions to be determined. A very
large majority of the FilipinOs are Ro-
man Catholics and although there is
much hostility to the friars the natives
are loyal to the church and will readily
obey the behests of its responsible rep
resentatiyes. The cordially friendly
feeling toward the United States ex-
pressed by Pope Leo gives ample assur-
ance that his great influence will be ex-
erted to aid our government in the Phil
ippines, he having intimated no objec-
ton to the policy made necessary by
our constitution in respect to the sep
aration of church and state. The visit
of Governor Taft to Rome was most
judiciOus and may confidently be ex-
pected to have most beneficial results.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07
A Mi.tnken Assumption.
Springfield CMass.) Republican

Springfield (Mass) Republican.
Mr.. Hartman finds or thinks he hnds a
less sntagonistIc attitude on the part of the
public toward the roads, and seems to be-
lieve that popular opinion is drifting to the
point OF leaving the roads free from public
regulation.
But in this he is greatly mistaken. The
supposition that government will with
draw its restraining hand as the roads
draw toward a more and more effective
monopoly through combinations and con-
solidations, is based upon the wish and
nothing else. The time Of the Inter-
state Commerce commission may have
passed, but il so the time of a stronger
and more effective public control through
other agencies Of government has arrived.
The power OF transportation monopoly is
too great to be left to the unregulated con
duct of private capital, and II is simply
preposterous to suppose that II will be so
left. Government purchase and operation
Of the road Is far more probable than the
abandonment Of government regulation.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07
MAXIMUM AND MiNIuUM TARIFF

~ 1~f0 u
The recent conference Of the presi-
dent and republican leaders in congress,
at which the question of tariff revision
was discussed, appears to have devel-
oped considerable sentiment In favor of
a maximum and minimum tariff, such
as France, Germany and other countries
now have In operation. 1t is urged that
the United States is suffering in its
foreign trade because of the lack of
such a tariff. For instance, France inn
poses Its maximum rates Of tariff
against this country, although France
Is as favorably treated in our markets
as any other nation. Now If the United
States had a maximum and minimum
tariff 1t would simply treat France as
that country treats this by applying the
maximum rates to French products and
there is no doubt that such a course
would secure for American goods going
to France as favorable tariff rates as
are given the products Of any other
country. AS it is, there is no remedy
for the discrimination against us. 1t
is pointed out that the maximum rates
could also be used against Germany and
other countries that have been discrim-
mating against the United States and
there would be no ground of complaint
on their part If our government followed
the same course as is followed by those
governments against the United States.
/ II L. .a4l that nth aUVah A Iax N fhara
would be no more friction about reel
procity treaties and this country would
be able to secure advantages Of which 1t
is o deprived.
The Philadelphia Press earnestly ad-
vocates a maximum and minimum tariff.
1t says that all European countries en-
gagged in the warfare of trade have
found their weapon in such a tariff
and the United States needs this weapon
in commercial warfare, for without 1t
this country is at a disadvantage in the
struggle for trade. The minimum
tariff" says that paper, "can be made
high enough to cover all the protection
that Is needed. No rate can go below
its rates. The maximum tariff gives the
punitive tariff which can be levied when
occasion demands. Such a plan makes
a tarin flexible. 1t parts with no pro
lection. 1t provides reprisals. 1t meets
new steps taken by other countries.
Such a tariff would be a forward step
In the customs policy OF the United
States. General tariff agitation is not
wanted. Revision would unsettle trade,
The adoption OF the maximum and mini.
mum principle Nv which additions could
be made as needed TO the normal rate
would give the Uni ed States what Il
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07
MIXTURE TO MAKE GOOD CROPS.
Lutheran World.

Said Farmer Jones in a whining tone,
To his good old neighbor Gray,
'I've worn my knee through to the BONE,
Blu it ain't no use to pray.
'I've prayed to the Lord a thousand times
For 10 make that ere corn grow;
An why your'n beats II so and climbs
I'd give a deal to know"
Said Farmer Gray 70 his ne4ghbor Jones,
In his easy, quiet way;
when prayers get mixed with lazy bones
They don't make farmin' pay.
weeds, I notice. are good an tall,
In spite of all your prayers;
You may pray for corn till the heavens fall
II you don't dig up the tares.
"I mix my prayers with a little toll
Along in every row;
An ] work this mixture into the soil
Quite Vigorous with a hoe
$50, while I'm praying. I use my hoe,
An do my level best,
To keep down the weeds along each row,
An the Lord He does the rest.
TITS we'll for to pray, both night an morn,
AS every farmer knows,
But the place to pray for thrifty corn
Is right between the rows.
you must use your hands while praying,
though,
II an answer you would get.
For prayer-worn knees an a rusty hoe
Never raised a big crop yet.
IAN so / believe, my good old friend,
n you mean to win the day,
From blowing, clean TO the harvest's end.
You must hoe as well as pray"
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07

needs and lacks, a fighting schedule
OF maximum rates"
There win be nothing done with the
tariff at the present session Of congress,
but it is quite possible that at least
some of the schedules will be changed
at the next session. In the meantime
there VIII be opportunity for discussing
the proposition to adopt the maximum
and minimum plan and ascertain public
opinion as to the expediency of making
such a departure in our tariff policy.
1t may be urged that having made re-
markable industrial and commercial
progress under the existing system
there is no necessity for changing it,
but it must be borne in mind that con-
ditions have changed and that the strug-
gle for trade is now more eager and
strenuous than ever before.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07

How the Nations of Europe Are sIicins
the Territory
Chicago Record-Herald'

Chicago Record-Herald.
BY the surrender Of the Beers England
gets an undisputed title to 167, 465 square
miles Of new territory. the area being
1000 square miles greater than that Of the
state Of California. This. however. is only a
small part Of the British South African
possessions. which now contain perhaps
5000 square miles. but the tract is one
OF the most valuable on the continent, and
its acquisition does away with a dividing
barrier that might prove a formidable OBJ
stacle in some great political emergency.
Throughout Africa the English holdings
and spheres" now aggregate more than
5000, 900 square miles and exceed the con-
tiuuous continental territory Of the United
states. or the other European nations
France has claims about as vast. but some
1000, 900 square miles Of her African terri
tory are in the desert Of Sahara, and her
sovereignty over the sandy waste is poorly
established.
Germany and Portugal have each about
10000 square miles. and so has Belgium, II
the Congo Free State be marked of to that
country. Spanish Africa consists Of some
252 900 square miles. Italian Africa OF
S 5000, Tripoli, which is tributary to Tur-
key, comes near 400, 900 square miles.
England has an advantage not only In the
size Of her possession, but in their char
acter. She has more territory than any
other nation that is habitable for white
men, and controls what are now the great
est diamond and gold regions in the world.
She has also a more direct control over the
districts credited to her than have most OF
the other countries over their districts.
But on all the claims there are large num-
bers OF natives who have still to be reck-
oned with. The partition has been eAclu-
slvely a European AFFAIR.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07
SHALLOW CRY OF "MILITARIsM.'
Significance II the Order Reducing
the Army.
Chicago Tribune.

the Army.
Chicago Tribune.
A general order issued last year fixed the
permanent strength Of the army at 1927.
An order issued last week by the secretary
of war by direction Of the president reduces
the maximum strength Of the army TO &c.
ACT. BY cutting off 10, 900 men there will
be a saving OF 500 600 a year for pay,
clothing, food and transportation. The
withdrawal OF the soldiers from Cuba and
the improvement in conditions in the Philip
pines warrant the reduction in the strength
Of the army. The number Of men in the
coast artillery is left unchanged. Each
infantry company will have hfty-seven
p~rivates instead Of eighty-one and each
cavalry troop sseventy-fve men instead OF
eighty-hYe.
The act of congress of February 2, 1901,
fixed the maximum enlisted strength OF the
army at 5000. At the time the law was
enacted several congressman expressed
grave doubts as to the p~ermanency Of Amer
lean free institutions. They announced
that so large an army was asked for by the
administration in order that liberty might
be overthrow and a despotism established.
II must be a relief to the prophets OF evil
to witness successive reductions in the
VI Az ihJ AhNAA lCdl0 bbd al
American Cromwell would send a squad Of
soldiers to throw them out Of the capitol
have been allayed.
OF late the men who are nervous on the
subject of a standing army"-composed
OF American oitizens-have had nothing to
say about the army as an instrument for
the destruction Of American liberties, but
they have not ceased their attacks upon
the army. They have denounced it, or that
part of it in the Philippines, without meas
ure or discrimination Now that peace is
being established in the islands the profess
sional enemies Of the army will have less
to say about its behavior In the Philippines
and will fall back on the old ground OF
the army being "a menace to American
institutions" It is to have a strength of
only 66,497, but the cry Of "militarism"
will be renewed when no other cry is con-
Vanienf
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07
E1cu.ine ver-copitnliaatlon.

New York World.
e. II. Hartman, the head Of the Union
Pacific system, in his manifesto pleading
for a better understanding between rail-
roads and the public, attempts TO excuse
over-capitalization by analogy with the
farmer whose Lam has risen in value from
IS an acre to SIS or 500. "why," he asks,
should the people who put their time and
their money in the railroads be asked 10 do
any more than the people who have been
benefited by the facilities given by the rail-
road companies ?" Naturally Mr.. Harri-
man does not believe in federal supervision
OF railroads, and as to the Interstate Com
merce commission he says:
81 do not think transportation companies
should have to submit to dictation or con-
troll by bodies who do not know anything
about transportation"
No analogy can be drawn between a 100
acre farm and an Is, 000-mile railroad sys-
tenn like Mr.. Harriman's. The latter is
within It's territory an absolute monopoly,
made by the combination Of formerly com.
peting lines. II all the farms Of the west
were combined In one enormous merger"
for the purpose Of charging for wheat what
the trafhc would bear" that plainly would
be against public policy. So it is against
public policy when railroad combinations,
capitalized at three, four or FIVE times the
value Of their plants and properties, ex-
tract dividends upon these enormous sums
from communities wholly at their mercy.
1t is yet to be tested whether the Inter.
state Commerce commission has power to
enforce justice against monopoly, but the
people are not likely to throw down any
weapon already in their grasp until it is
bent or broken.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07
ATTENTION is called to the Fact that the

Attention is called to the fact that the
condition of the asphalt pavement on
North Sixteenth street is again almost
as bad as it was a year ago. This is a
complete vindication of the position
taken by The Bee at that time that
what was wanted was not repairing but
repaving. No good reason exists why
the owners of the property abutting on
that thoroughfare should not pay for a
new pavement instead of trying to sad
die upon the taxpayers at large the ex-
pense of repeated patching.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07

Queen Alexandra will be found ranged two
steps below the chair known as st. Ed
wards which is to be occupied by King
Edward. From this on the vast audience
will be given to understand that It is his
majesty" first, IL 1t pleases the lords and
ladies'. By the Ysy these SAN lords and
ladies' who will, - their fellow spectators
be in their seats some time before their
majesties appear, will have an opportunity
to observe as beautiful an interior as could
be imagined. The governing principle OF It
all will be a maximum Of architecture and
a minimum Of drapery, for the abbey itself
as it stands has more splendor than any
decorations could give it, so no hangings
are to be employed except to conceal some
Of the temporary wooden erections. And
yet yellow and blue velvet will be the fab
ric used to the exclusion OF almost every
thing else except a few rare Indian rugs.
There seem to be galleries apportioned for
every class, white sheep and black sheen,
but no provision is made for the camera
artists.
King Victor Emmanuel has once again
given evidence OF his breadth Of mind and
freedom from prejudice by appointing
General ottolenghi, minister Of war, In the
place of General Ponza di San MARITIME, Gen
eral ottolenghi is not only OF Hebrew
birth, but also of Jewish creed, and, SO
far as known 1t is the first occasion Of a
member of this particular faith being ap-
pointed by "a great power of Europe to
one of the leading cabinet Offices. Even
In France, where political prejudice
against close association with one or
another Of the Christian denominations is
SO strong that a minister risks his seat in
the cabinet every time that he sets foot
inside a church, no processing Jew has as
yet been entrusted with a portfolio, and
those members OF the Hebrew race who
have until now held cabinet ONCE In Europe
have been like the late Lord Bea-
cons6eld in IEngland and Baron Sonino In
Italy. converts to Christianity. The new
Italian minister Of war is one Of the most
distinguished field officers of the Italian
army, and has commanded in turn the milf
tary district Of Turin, the military district
Of Genoa and that Of Palermo, besides
having been recently designated by the
king to command one of the groups OF army
corps in the event of war.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07
Chunks of wisdom.
Detroit Free Press.

DGNAOlJ EH0t EESsb.
z. H. Hartman, president Of the South
ern Pacific, has generously rendered to the
country a chunk OF wisdom In the form Of
a statement that railroad commission are
a thing Of the past and the railroads
ought not to be governed by men who
know nothing about the business" In
other words, the government should let the
railroads alone, because the government
knows nothing about the railroad business.
Following this line Of reasoning, congress
should let the navy department alone, be-
cause congress is not a sailor. Congress
should let the army alone, because con-
gress is not a soldier. Congress should let
the Indians alone, because congress Is not
an Indian. Congress should let the trusts
alone, because congress is not j. Pierpont
Morgan, and, can know nothing about the
business of the trusts. Congress should
let the tariff alone, because congress knows
little about all the industries of the coun-
try, and the business of these Industries
is affected by tariff legislation. Indeed,
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07

The demand for tax reform will not
stop with the revision of railroad assess
ments and the assessment of franchised
corporations. 1t will stop short OF moth
ing less than a complete and equitable
readjgstment of property valuations to
conform with the letter and spirit of the
state constitution, that requires the pub
lie revenues to be raised so that every
person and corporation shall pay a tax
in proportion to the value of his, her or
its property and franchises.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07
HeroIsm in the Cause of Science.
Philadelphia Ledger.

hAAAASlRAild ASuBCAs
II the act OF Richmond P. Hobson In TAX
ing a ship to the entrance OF Santiago har-
Dor and sinking it across the channel under
a tremendous fire from the Spanish bat
%teries, was enough TO immortalize him.,
why should not Prof. Heilprin's ascent
of Mount Pelee under circumstances quite
as hazardous as those which attended Hob
sons feat, do as much for him? Heilprin
did not go under cover OF darkness, for he
had no chance Of escaping detection, nor
was his work done In a few minutes. after
which he might escape to comparative safe
ty; he was under the deadly fire Of the
volcano for hours. breathing an atmosphere
only to be compared with the s~uffocating
fumes OF lyddite shells, with a rain OF
missiles constantly falling about him. and
liable. at any moment to be overwhelmed
by an outrush of volcanic matter. A man
that can stand for hours. as he did, calmly
pursuing scientific observations under such
circumstances. is at least as much a hero
as he who risks his life under the fire Of
an enemy 20 secure a military advantage.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07
WILL IMPROVE CONDITIONS.

Greatly improved conditions in South
Africa are expected to come speedily
from British rule. The former Amer
lean consul at Capetown, Colonel Stowe,
thinks that when responsible govern
ment is given the new colonies they,
like Cape Colony and Natal, will become
more progressive than heretofore and
civilization will be advanced among the
Boer population more than it ever
would have been under their former
government, which indeed was never
particularly active or aggressive in pro-
even in England who believe that the
work of reconstruction is likely to meet
with more or less serious difficulties
which will greatly retard it. Such a
pessimistic view may be well founded,
but the probability is that British states.
manship will be found quite equal to
the demands of the situation.
What is of chief interest to Americans
is the promise of an enlarged trade in
that quarter of the world. Colonel
StoWe says JndJ W rendDiliIdte the boel
farms, to restock the shops whose stocks
have been exhausted and provide for
the new ones that must be opened and
the railroads, telegraphs, water, gas and
electric plants that are already planned,
will require American goods. There is
no doubt of this and therefore the course
of reconstruction in South Africa will
be watched with great interest here.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07

Director OF the Mint Roberts, report
ing on his observations during a recent
trip through the west, bears witness to
the prevailing prosperity as follows;
AS a class the agricultural people of the
aud have no complaints TO make concerning
,exiating conditions. The price Of farm
lands Ia iowa. for instance. has advanced
en- average OF $50 per acre IN the past two
yoaTa. Thirty and forty dollars al acre
was the price two years ago but good farm
lands there cannot be bought today for less
than $50. $50 aud $40 IN acre. Lands have
gone ~ because the farmers are making
aoney and have surplus funds 20 invest.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07

The official organ Of popullsm pub
lished at Lincoln is still laboring hard
to prove that there is no such thing as
republican prosperity. The persistency
and tenacity with which pOpulist lead
ers keep on preaching calamity has a
flavor of consistency, but is about as
sensible as the scientific sermon of a
famous colored preacher, which insists
that the earth is fiat as a pancake and
the sun do move.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07
Mr. Harriman's Plea

following Mr.. Hsrrimsn's mode Of reason
ing, the government ought to get out Of
the business OF government, because a
great majority Of the men who make up the
government know very little about the
science Of government. Mr.. Hartman is
a profound thinker, and It is not easy to
understand how the country managed to
toddle along before he began to volunteer
advice.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07
Educational Festivities in Iowa.
Boston Transcript.

The two leading educational institutions
II Iowa, the State University at Iowa City
and Iowa College at Grinnell, only thirty
miles apart. are to have riches in their
commencement feasts next week. Profes-
sor Josiah Royce OF Harvard University is
10 give the Phi Beta Kappa Grafton at Iowa
City and the commencement address al
Grinnell. while the commencement address
at Iowa City is to be delivered by Booker
T. Washington. Iowa College Is also to In
augurate It's new president, Dan r. Brad
ley. CThh IL the institution which Is at
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07

Speaking Of the Union Pacific bridge,
no one has yet explained on what
ground Of right the conductor can take
out double mileage for each passenger,
while for taxation purposes the bridge
and approaches are listed the same as
the same mileage of the cheapest part
of the line over the fiat prairie.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-06-07

It turns out that the majority scored
by the democratic candidate for gov
ernor in the Oregon election is less than
400. This margin may be enough to
land the g~ubernatorial chair, but hardly
enough to make 1t comfortable.