davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1902-02-01

- UFFERERS from diseases of the
nervous system, particularly such
as cause interruption Of the mus
cular action, may have reason to
bless the memory of certain great
apes, who have co-operated unselfshly
with English surgeons and scientists to
demonstrate new facts concerning the
brain. -.' ~
The scientific partnership was fatal to
the apes. But they lived admired and
died universally respected, and their
photographs will be handed down in
medical history. = &.--.s '. ~
The object of the experimenters was to
lind as nearly as possible just where the
motor centers of the human brain" are-so
that If the nerves of a mans middle finger
or his toe or his arm are paralyzed or
otherwise affected by some trouble that
cannot be traced to a local cause doctors
shall know just what part of the brain to
examine for disease, and surgeons shall
know to the minute fraction of an inch
just where to cut into the skull in order
to save life. -.. ~.
Experiments to determine these facts
had been tried many times with fair sue
cess on many species of animals. Much
was learned. But the differences between
The brains OF a lower animal, like a cat
Dr. dog, and of a higher animal, like a
man. are so different in detail that the
Aocdilzatlon OF motor centers in those
animals did not furnish the data needed
TO localize the centers of motor energy in
the human brain. The areas. whepce GER
tain body impulses! radiated were known
IN a general way, but the knowledge was
not SO exact that the physician could lay
mis- finger on any part of the human skull
and say, Here is the place that orders
the tongue to wag" or This is the tele-
graph Key that orders the left eye to
shut"
study or the brains of the higher apes
showed that their gray matter was suff-
GENTLY like that Of man to Justify the
oeilet that Investigations made on the
brute would furnish knowledge about the
human brain.
10 understand the experiments thor
oughly' 1t is well to remember that the
brain may be roughly divided into two
great portions--the frontal and the occi-
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1902-02-01
CYRUS FIELD ADAMS
Assistant Register of the United States TREASURY
President National Afro-American ~
Press Association. -
BY Daniel Murray, Assistant Librarian, Library of
Congress, in the Colored American i
~%l Magazine. .~@~" :; ~.

1t is important at all times. to familiarize
ourselves with the life history of those
who have overcome the natural obstacles
which formed their environment at BIRTH
This is particularly pleasing when the sub
iect is identified with the Afro american
people, because in such cases the eminence
attained Is entitled to greater prominence
than would be the case were the person
one of pure, Caucasian blood. g
Such biographical Illustrations should b,
kept before our youth, who are often dis
heartened by the mountain Of opposition
that obstructs every path. But as tho
s., measure of encouragement in every case is
success, the fact that one has fully met
and overcome the obstacles in his way
should serve to embolden another traveller
to attempt the passage of the same road.
These reflections cannot be other than
helpful to every one, and start the enquiry
as to what predominant characteristic does
our subject possess, which was so useful in
the contest he was obliged to enter to win
his present proud position, having bitter,
unrelenting prejudice as an opponent? Be
it remembered he was born in Southern
city and no extended explanation is needed
to convey to the intelligent reader what
that means in the matter Of obstacles.
OF one who possesses so many good
traits and is so well equipped mentally in
linguistic attachments and scholarly ac-
duirements, it is difficult to select. but
nigh character is SO prominent that no
question can be raised in giving 1t the
preference To those who know Cyrus
Field Adams and his family history this
VIII not be at all surprising, since in the
life story of his parents he had constantly
before him the value of character and its
4 power to overcome the unreasoning preju-
dice die 50 common in the South. ~.
There are, indeed, few more Impressive
Illustrations in the whole range Of BIZ
ographical annals, of the power Of charac-
ter, than may be found in the life career
of Mr.. Adams father, which is given in
detail in this article. The same may be
said in equal measure of his mother. q 1t
would have been surprising, indeed, with
such exemplary parents, to have noted the
absence OF good qualities in the son. In
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1902-02-01

, Appeal, filled with choice campaign mat
ter, and sent out at his own expense, So
600 copies for distribution among the Afro
American voters Of the United States
The fact that Mr.. Adams is serving his,
third term as President of the National
A1rO-Amerlcan Press Association. is an
evidence of his standing among the mem
bers of his profession. The Association
was organized in 1880 in Louisville XIV.
with John Q. Adams, then publisher of
The Bulletin, now publisher of the st.
Paul Appeal, as first President There are
| about three hundred publications issued
by Afro-Americans in the United States
AS further evidence of the love and es-
teen of his fellow journalists, on Feb
ruary 4, 1901, the members Of the Ma
tlOnal Press Association presented Mr.,
Adams beautiful solid gold watch and
chain, the movement being the finest man
ufactured by the Elgin National Watch
Company. The presentation took place in
Chicago in Grace Presby terrain Church. On
the programme were sixty of the leading
citizens of Chicago, men and women rep
resenting every profession and calling, who
made rapid fire. two minute speeches.
testifying to Mr.. Adams high character as
a man.
Mr.. Adams is the first and only life
member Of the National Afro American
Council, which is the leading general race
organization Of the country, and which is
now contesting the disfranchisement laws
or Louisiana. Mr.. Adams is the Secretary
OF this organization, which office he has
held for two years.
He is the first life member Of the Ma
tional Afro-American Business League of
which Booker 7. Washington, who is
close friend of Mr.. Adams, is President.
, This organization is doing good work for
the race along business lines.
Mr. Adams is liberal man. He has
made it rule of his life to give a certain
percentage of his income to charity. He
does not give to every one who asks, but
places the money where he believes it will
do the greatest amount of good. His first
work Tor charity was in aiding and solicit
ing for the Colored Orphans Home in
Louisville, KY. His efforts were 50 well
appreciated that he was ELECTED Secretary,
OF the organization without his knowledge
while he was in the West. 1900 miles from
home. n
Mr. ADAMS became an enthusiastic phi.
latellst when quite young, and he now has
one OF the finest collections of stamps in
the country. numbering more than 600
varieties "
In January. 1901, Mr.. Adams was an
pointed Assistant Register of the United
States Treasury BY President Mckinley.
for for. which place he is well qualified by his
previous training. He is the first Illinois
Afro= An Am e to receive a Presidential
appointment, and the first Of the race to
be appointed in the Twentieth Century,
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1902-02-01

petal-Which are separated by the assure
of Rolando. This fssure extends across
the top of the human head and down Ga
each side at about the region of the tenn
pies. All that part of the brain which
lies in front of it, that is. the brain that
is over the eyes and fills out the frontal
region of the head, is known as the 'front.'
al lobe y -. 49, 7 J.. < :
This frontal lobe, it has been found,
does almost all the work of ordering and
controlling the motions of the body and
the exercise of it's various physical func-
tions: 1t Is the great telephone central
station, or to use another electric term,
the great power house, where the subtle
Intangible fluid of thought is converted
into q tangible working force and sent
transmitted at varying pressures along
the feed wires Of nerves to the various
engines of the heart, arms, legs, eyes
mouth, nose and other organs.
That leaves nearly the whole rear por-
ton of the brain, by far the greater ii,
bulk, extending as it does from the tenn
| pies to the back of the head and from
the back Of the forehead down to the
spinal cord, with no mechanical work to
Go SO FAR as is known. Thus, it seems
certain that we must look in that part
CT the brain for the solution of the mys-
ter of thought and soul-life.
The fact that this purely psychical part
of the brain has been found to be so re-
markably large in the apes, suggests in
teresting and far reaching speculations
on the possible new discoveries that may
be made with continuing experiments.
that, shall aim at stimulation and excita-
ton OF this anterior portion of the brain
with the view of finding out what the
higher mental life of the great apes is
like. .'- |"- ..~r
1t is evident that, since only a compare
lively limited portion Of their brains is
used to govern and control and produce
the ordinary material and mechanical
functions of life, the anterior brain, be-
ing SO considerable in size, must have
more work to do than either scientific or
popular theory has been willing to assign.
to the apes. They may prove to be far
more near to being thinking creatures
with reasonable intelligence than we
have dreamed
The apes that were used for the expert
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1902-02-01

charge of the jaw. There are two dis
, tinct jaw centt- IS. One controls the OPEN
ing and the other the closing of the jaw.
Further inside of the brain are the cells
{ that control the vocal chords and che
| organs of mastication.
Almost directly following the expert
ments on apes came two cases of injury
/ to human brains which proved that the
discoveries of the motor centers furnished
! fair working bases for treatment of the
! human patient. The firsr case was that
! of a man who suffered from JacksoDian
! epilepsy. The surgeons found after long
/ Investigation that he had sustained an
! injury of the surface of the brain i'm
! mediateiy in front of the assure of Ro-
! landO This part of the brain in the
| ape controlled the foot movements. In
| the man the feet were paralyzed: As
soon as the electrical current was applied
to that part of the brain the patient was
| able to move the feet freely, and a treat
| ment of what found to be diseased
condition brought about a cure.
The next case was that of a boy who
had been struck with a piokax in the
parietal region of the skull. This was
just behind the fissure of Ro1ando and
had been located as the center of control
for the stomach.
When the surgeons were called they
found that the boy had been comatose for
time of being struck. They trephined his
skull and extracted three pieces of bone.
Then they drained an abscess which had
formed and which, when cleaned out, left
a hole in the brain . 30 inches deep and
4-o inches wide. On the sixth day after
this operation the boy was perfectly con-
scious and in full possession of his facul-
lsties He showed no signs of any i'll effect
from the blow: But he had not been con-
scious more than a few hours before he
began to demand things to eat. All the
time that he was awake he cried for food
The more food he got the more hungry
he seemed to be. No restrictions were put
on his supply by the doctors, and he grew
tat rapidly. Broths, eggs, milk, meat
were all alike to him, and he not only ate
Voraciously as an animal, but he also d.
gested everything with the capacity of an
animal. DIR. Paul Sollier, the great French
authority on nervous and brain diseases
characterizes the boys case as one Of
bulimia, excessive hunger, due not to the
demands of the stomach, but to the ir-
ritation of the stomach center in the
parietal lobe of the brain.
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1902-02-01
Great General Of the culture

How is your boy in the army getting
along. WiIlerby?', inquired the old friend OF
the family.
..By George, irr, enthusiastically answered
the father, who had just received from Algy
another urgent request for money. that boy
is a mastery campaigner already He gets
into all sorts of tight places. but he always
manages to keep II communication with the
base OF supplies Chicago Tribune
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1902-02-01
A Historical Combination.

.she has built a house on the Hudson and
painted it gray and red wish you could
sec It."
Why, the architect told me it was to bs
in E1izabcthan style. =
'Oh, but this is her own idea--a conabina-
ton of the Lady Jane Grey and the Bloody
N-.ry.''-Leslie's Weekly. E5
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1902-02-01
josh. enforcement,

Have you ever made any effort to improve
feminine relatives. Nope was 1.-THE answer.
We've improved our boy Josh's mind, an ne
want him to git the full benefit. Ell some of
US didn' eat with our knives an Say them
there we wonldn' I realize how refined josh is.
Washington Star.
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1902-02-01
What Decided Her.

Miss Breezy-Yes. I'm engaged to George.
It was pretty hard to decide. because | liked
Tom quite as well as George, and they're
equally wealthy. ~ -.E .-
Miss :Wabash--What finally decided you?
Miss Breezy-Georse promised me the most,
alimony in case Of Observation-Disclosures
Press. E-- r- h.s15sF@.
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1902-02-01
Street Zoology.

Three ragged urchins strolled into the
tionai historical museum the other day and
paused before the case containing the ostrich
and her egg. They stared in silence for
rnent, and then of them exclaimed: Say,
.fellers, don't the camel lay big eggs ?''-Brook-
lyn Eagle. E.-5 E"rss. -H.s .
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1902-02-01
His Touching STYLE.

Fond Father-Yes, my boy at the varsity
has written several articles for the magazines
Friend-But he's not a professional writer
surely? M 4 rsgs &at, vi
+. What do you mean by professional 81
why, he doesn't write for money!
Doesn't he? You ought to see some of his
letters to- me. Exchange. Z1 5-Es -
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1902-02-01

InfeIicitOus Inqufsitiyencss.
Mamma Erecting. the familiar rhyme)-Oid
Mother Hubbard went to the cupboard to get
her poor dog bone
Little Percy fwho has overheard somethinEt
Ma, did she have skeleton in her closet
too T'-Snart Set.
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1902-02-01
HIS Nerve,

Yes. said the dentist, after he had fn-
ished the job, you have a wonderful amount
of nerve, sir, must say
We'll, you ought to know. durn ye. You
found all Of it."-Denyer Post.
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1902-02-01
Not Too Late.

Missionary hope shall do you good.
Cannibal-I guess you will I've had my
lunch, but you're just in time for my wife's
3 O clock tea.-Town Topics.
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1902-02-01
buch a Money Saver! >.
Eobwfgger4Thing are invented as ~ need

Merritt don't know about that I'd be
much better off if somebody had years age
invented a horseless track.-The Smart
Set.
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1902-02-01
Human Nature and nature.

Human NatuFe HHU NNture. =,
''Its queer about gardening.
How queer?''
why, I always feel more like pulling weeds
on Sunday than do on week days.
The Appeal. [volume] (Saint Paul, Minn. ;) 1889-19??, 1902-02-01

tated not only by humanity, but also by
scientific requirements, for the action of
tne praln could not have been studied
with any promise of precise results had
the conditions not been as nearly normal
as possible ''
After the wound had healed entirely
one electrode from an electric battery was
fastened to the wrist of the chimpanzee
in the form of a bracelet, and the other
electrode, in the form Of a fine platinum
point on spring, was brought to touch
the outer surface of the brain softly and
gently, avoiding any undue pressure
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1902-07-22

consistency Of equivocal platforms.
The Wisconsin struggle is as much
for an honest platform as for an hon.
est man. There is no lodging and
straddling and taking back in one
sentence what is said in another, in
the Wisconsin platform. 1t speaks
with ~clearness and emphasis on ev.
cry subject it handles. Part OF the
La Toilette reformation" in Wiscon-
sin politics is concerned with strip
ping party declarations Of their dis
guises and returning to the primitive
and. unfamiliar idea that a party plat
form is a party creed and a party Gov
enant.
La Folletteism in Wisconsin may
be a passing episode, a mere surface
disturbance, as the stalwarts allege,
but it has taught all republicans in
Wisconsin something; and the repub-
licans of Minnesota and, perhaps, 9TH
err states, can learn something from
it. We are quite sure that our plat
form makers with all their delicacy
of touch and their skill with putty
and varnish can learn something from
the rude strength Of the Wisconsin
platform.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1902-07-22
THE BILLINGS GAZETTE.

AA~ASJs f0VeSN0 AvS OAlulAl6Ss
quarterly 1t makes q full statement.
June 80 it made It's statement for the
half-year ending that day. It's gross
earnings were $64,4O7, 153. It set aside
for sinking fund. depreciation and re-
serve, $~6,796,456 and $9,120,0O0 for in
terest on bonds. leaving $48,490, 697.
OF this 1t paid q half-year dividend
on it's preferred stock Of 3h per cent
and on it's common stock 2 per cent,
leaving a surplus of $20,463, O74.
And in spite of this excellent show
ing Steel common sells at 39A and
preferred at 90A. At the same time
United States bonds bearing but 2
per cent annually, are quoted at 107R.
Why this distinction-this wide diff
ference? Why does the street refuse
to take this stock at a valuation GER
tainly warranted by its dividend earn
ing power? Why 80 for 4 per cent
Steel common and 253 for Northwest
ern railway? These r the real
troubles of these combinations. The
street refuses to accept their stocks
at their valuations, even where. as
with Steel, a showing of profits is
made that should put its common
stock above government rs. It is be-
cause. in the Judgment of the street,
there is a quantity of water in the
capitalization that is certain to be
squeezed out. no matter how favor
able present conditions may be for
it's retention. It is the same law in
trade that in nature refuses some
thing for nothing. In due time all
these inflated capitalizations must go
under the press and have the water in
which promoters foated them squeez-
ed out.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1902-07-22
featuring Industries. The wooden mill
project at the time of the meeting of
the ilockmasters in annual convention
is worthy of their consideration.
WELL o

Judge Frank Henry, of the Sixth
judicial state court, has set an exam.
pie in the matter Of granting foreign
ers citizenship which every court in
the state should follow. Recently at
Red Lodge a number Of Firms applied
fer the first papers of citizenship,
and upon being questioned by the
court it was found that they were en-
tirely ignorant of the English language.
The court t%hereupon refused to grant
the request of the applicants and stat
ed that he would not do SO until they
had sufficiently mastered the language
to understand what citizenship meant.
This newspaper wants to go on rec
ord as endorsing in the strongest
terms the action of the gentleman pre-
siding in the Sixth district court. The
courts of this, and almost every 9th
er state in the union, have been i'm
posed upon too frequently by a for
eign element ignorant of all which
goes to make up citizenship. Courts
have been too lenient in the granting
of citizenship to men who come here
from other shores and after a resi-
dence of five years are unable to ans
wer in our tongue the simple ques-
tions touching their qualifications to
become citizens.
Right here in Montana, hundreds.
and we might say thousands, have
been admitted in years gone by to
the full rights of citizenship and the
oath administered through an inter
prefer. The custom has not been gen.
eral in this part of the state, but in
the west side counties in a number
of instances courts became notorious
in the operations Of the naturaliza-
ton mill. This has especially been
the record of a number of Montana
courts about the time of the state
elections, and it is hoped that the good
example set by Judge Henry will have
a wholesome effect on the rest Of the
gentlemen in the state occupying the
bench.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1902-07-22
SILENT AS THE GRAVE.

If there is anything doing in repub
lican circles that fact is not known
in the rank and file of the party. With
a state and congressional election to
be held in a little mere than 80 days
it would appear to the ordinary re
publican that matters politically in
the party have reached the extreme
stage of stagnation and that the lead
ers, if any there r in the state, have
crawled into a hole and pulled the
hole after them.
With a few exceptions state and
congressional conventions have been
held in nearly all the commemorative
of the country and those which have
not already held their conventions
have fixed the time for these gather
ings. But in Montana all is as quiet
as the grave. and especially so in re-
publican circles.
So far as republicans are informed
generally in Montana it is not known
whether there is to be a republican
state nominating convention this year.
The Gazette a few days ago suggested
on this page the name of former Sen
ator Mantle OF Silver Bow as an avail
able candidate for the congressional
nomination, but it has since had in
mind the withdrawal of his name,
thinking that the republicans might
conclude to wait until the democrats
hold their biennial convention and
then endorse the platform and can
didates of the state democracy.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1902-07-22

The Butte Business Mems associa.
ton has invited the Montana Press
club to hold its annual meeting in
"the greatest mining camp en- earth
and through it's president, former
Governor Richards, a pressing invita-.
ton is extended. The beauties and
all the side attractions to Butte are
set forth in the invitation and ASSN,
ances r given by Mayor Davey that
none Of the press gang are to be lur-
ed into the Galena street district,
which Brother Keith Of the Miner
has been holding up as the one dark
side of the town.