The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-12-07

and in lakes, as In Trinidad and Venezuela,
the former lake being estimated to hold
100000 tons in such form that IL may be
dug with pick and shovel. Commercial as
phalt comes chiefly from Trinidad. Cuba,
Dalmatia, Syria and France. In uncount-
able mixtures and combinations 1t is used
in street paving, roofing. cement, water
proofng and varnish.
:: =
How is compressed air made? 2. Has
there ever been a machine invented that
runs by compressed aid till it wears out or
breaks by being started once?-J. j. Nj.
Air is compressed by power-driven
pumps, and the compressed product is con-
veyed in pipes to the point where 1t is TO be
used. there to be released into pistons work.
ing In cylinders in the general manner of a
steam engine. 2. No: perpetual motion
is as completely impossible with COM
pressed air as with other mediums.
How many cartridges used by our regu-
lars make POUND? 2. Is IL not utterly be-
hind the times for writer on military mat
tiers to state; In connection with infantry
cided advantages over the krag and
Mauser?-c. r. z.
About fifteen; his full supply of two
hundred weighs thirteen pounds eight
ounces. 2. No; reference was had. prob
ably, to the Springfeld's superior stop
ping power" that is. greater proportion
of it's wounds put their recipients out Of
action.
Will you print the names Of three or four
private secretaries of the Presidents OF
of the career of George u. Cortelyou. and
how he became the private secretary OK
President Mckinley? 3. What is his SAL
ary?-D.
John Hay, Daniel s. Lamont, Elijah w.
HaIford. John Addison Porter. 2 He was
born in New York july S, 1852, attended
school at Hampstead. Long island, and at
Westfeld, Mass, and graduated at George
town University. He worked in New York
law reporter and teacher, and entered
public service in 1889, acting as secretary to
several officials and becoming stenog-
rapher to the President in 1895. He was
promoted from assistant secretary to Sec
rotary in 1900. 8. 5000 a year.
VIII you sketch dates and causes OF the
panics and hard times that this country
| has experienced during the constitutional
period?-A Student
The crisis Of 1897 was due 10 unsoundness
of banks in various parts OF the country
| and even of the United States Bank itself.
| to overproduction of cotton on credit and
| to tying up immense amounts of capital
| In works that did not begin promptly TO
| earn, or that were wildly speculative and
worthless. Checked for a time, this
| Cured in 1899. The crisis OF 1857 was felt
| the world over, here very disastrously.
Local causes were undue railroad exten-
| sion, policy of granting land in such way
that certain parts of the country were de-
| veloped ahead OF any legitimate trade de-
mand, and careless state banking laws that
resulted in an abundance Of wildcat"
! bills without sound banking. The crisis II
1863, with it's notorious BLACK Friday"
was a financial panic without widespread
industrial disturbance. and was due 10
| speculation in gold. -Four years later came
| an industrial panic. probably the worlds
| most generally felt and direst one. During
| these four years wholly Unprecedented
| amount OF investment I'm railroads. ships.
| lands and manufactures had taken place.
most of il money borrowed at interest
rates based on the high prices prevailing
| Just previous to BLACK Friday" IL was
| not so sudden the previous crisis In
| reaching it's worst climax. nor was
covery so prompt. In May. 1884. there was
| financial panic. following heavy railroad
building. but IT slight. though followed
| by two years Of Industrial depression.
| Lesser crises occurred I'm 1sls ISIS. lsa7 and
1898. Encyclopaedia articles and many
| books treat of these happenings IN detail.
|
Insure with German Fire Insurance Of
L rnd ~ arr