The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-05-04

are satisfactory is shown by their eager
| ness TO get and extend them-is a politi
cal object lesson of great value. 1t dem
! onstrates to the point of mathematical
| certainty that the manufacturers OF these
articles do not need the protection ac-
| corded to them, and that the time is at
| hand for a revision and reduction of our
Starif laws, unless conclusively estab
| lished injustice and discrimination
| against the consumers of this country
are to be perpetuated as the fixed policy
| of this Government
| ! repeat, Mr.. President the expansion
| of our foreign trade is due to the enter
prise Of our manufacturers and traders.
and not to the economic or political poll
| cies of the Republican party. When the
| necessity for foreign markets arose they
not only went out and sought them, but
| they adopted the means requisite to the
end. They sent representatives to the
countries sought to be reached. and they
began to make and fashion and stamp
| their wares to suit the trade and fancy
of those to whom they would sell them.
One great establishment with
two branch plants in my own
| State has today high salaried represen-
| tatives in all ports Of the wOrld-South
America, Europe, China, Japan, Austria
| la and South Africa. These agents sent
out by great manufacturing establish
ments are international drummers and
are as essential to world trade as our
| great army of domestic drummers have
been found necessary to our interstate
trade.
Not only this, but our manufacturers
| clearly saw, at the beginning of this
movement for foreign trade, that regu-
| lar, direct and quick ocean transportas
| ton has been in the development of our
interstate trade. and therefore one Of
their first undertakings in this new
| movement was to provide efficient and
adequate transportation. The new
transportation lines which have been
established as a result Of this foresight
have greatly contributed to the creation
and extension of our trade in distant and
heretofore inaccessible markets.
Mr.. President, in this connection, as
illustrating the effect in securing this
trade Of better ocean transportation,
wish to read from the Review of the
Worlds Commerce, issued by the State
Department for the year 1900. 1t says:
Conspicuous illustrations of the bene-
fit OF direct transportation and OF the
fact that increased trade follows it's es-
tablishment are found in the recent
growth in the export of American pro-
ducts to such unlikely quarters as Tur-
key and Peru.
Some two years ago our consul gen.
eral at Constantinople, Mr. Dickinson
eXerted himself to secure the running OF
q direct line of steamers between the
United States and Turkish ports on the
Mediterranean. The Barber Line of
New York, decided to make the expert
ment. and the service begun in Febru-
airy, 1899. has greatly stimulated the sale
OF American products in the Levant.
Under date of April IA, 1900, Mr.. Dick
inson states that since the establish
ment OF the direct line and the conse-
quent reduction in freights, Wire nails
and few other articles of American
manufacture appear to have taken pos
session Of the Levantine market.
"The next step taken by Mr.. Dickin-
son, and one that was made possible by
the improved transportation facilities.
was the establishment by private capital
of an exposition of American goods and
agency. which, he says, IS already NO
vember Is, 1900 a success and has out
grown the expectation of those who are
conducting the business
peru increased her commerce with
this country from $1.588,O00 in 1897 to
SO, 491 900 in 1899 and during eleven
months of 1900 our exports to Peru
aomunted to nearly So, 900 900. against
something over 100000 in 1893. Our
consul at Cailao, Mr.. Dickey. attributes
this gain, in part at least, to better
transportation facilities offered by two
competing steamship lines which for the
past three years have kept up monthly
service between New York and the west
coast of South America.
''The same thing will probably be
found to be true of our Pacific coast
trade. Enlarged transportation facili-
ties undoubtedly account to a consider
able extent for the steady growth of our
commerce with Japan.
There are now number of steamship
lines with vessels plying to Japan and
China from San Francisco and San Diego,
CAL: Portland Ore; Seattle, Port Town
send and Tacoma, Wash.
There are now three lines of steam
ers running from Puget Sound to the
Orient-the Northern Pacific steamers,
CT the DOQWeIl LINE, the CdnduldH Id-
cific, or Empress Line, and the Great
Northern, or Nippon Yusen Kaisha
(Japanese) Line These three lines in
clude some ten steamers, affording sail
ings about FIVE times a month For weeks
past all OF their available freight space
has been engaged long in advance, and
number of tramp steamers have cleared
with Oriental cargoes."
Mr. President, the absence of regular,
direct and quick ocean transportation
has undoubtedly been a great barrier to
the development and extension of our
foreign trade in Asia, Africa and South
and Central America, but the greatest
obstacle which has confronted our manu-
facturers in their efforts to secure world
markets has been and is the tariff wall
that we have built around our own coun-
try, operating to defeat that fundamental
law of trade, to-wit, mutually of trade.
Mutually is essential to healthy trade.
We cannot always sell to Others and
buy only from ourselves. In many in
stances our protective duties are prohi-
bitory, and as result we are prevented
| from purchasing from those who might
| buy our goods in the outside markets.
| The effect in some instances is to limit