davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1902-06-22

As some OF the advantages Of pinhole
work 1t may be stated that as the light
does not pass through a lens the pic
ture will be free from the errors that
lens makers have been striving for years
to correct, such as distortion or the
rendering of near objects out of proper
tion with those more distant; and the
pinhole photograph is also free from
curved lines. such as are found in some
Of the cheaper lenses, such as single
lenses, and the pinhole is also free
from such defects as achromatism and
astigmatism. and pinhole work gives
us the effects that we see in nature
more accurately produced in miniature
than any lense yet discovered
Among those vino have produced PIN
hole photographs may be mentioned
Mr.. W. C. Ewing, OF this city; Mr.. os-
borne I. Yellott. CT Towson. Nd, and
Mr.. F. C. Baker. of Cleveland. Ohio and
among the foreign workers may be men
toned Heinrich Kuhn. of Germany, and
Mr.. J. B. Thomson, of Greenock, Sect
land. The number of photographers who
have attempted this kind of work is very
small. but as photography is turning
more and more to the making OF pic
lures Of art value the number Of work.
ers in this line must naturally increase.
The Washington times., 1902-06-22

One thing should be remembered about
p nhcIe work, and enat is that with
pinhole the image is always in focus
whether the plate is three inches or six
inches from the pinhole, and that the
definition is not derived with the moving
of the plate. but by the smallness Of
she pinhole used, and that II the worker
wishes to have the picture more closely
or sharply defined a smaller aperture
must be used. For copying purposes it
is we'll to use pinhole as small as
one-e.ghtieth of an inch.
For those vino wish to follow pinhole
photography in all. the lines to which
1t is applicable. it may be of value to
know that there has been recently placed
on the market a series of pinhole plates
varying from one-forty-fourth to one
eightieth of an inch, which are inter-
changeable and can be affixed to a lens
board so that they can be used as de-
sired on any of the cameras using glass
plates now on the market.
The Washington times., 1902-06-22

| should have a tripod or some substitute
for tripod when we attempt work with
our pinhole camera.
For shutter for our camera we may
use a thin strip of wood large enough
to cover with a small margin the square
hole cut out in the front of the box,
this strip should slide in grooves and fit
closely enough so that there Will be no
danger Of its falling out and exposing
the plate until the time for exposure
arrives.
But this little camera has one draw
back; it is only arranged to carry one
plate. and 1t will necessitate our return
to the dark room after one exposure
has been made unless we resort to the
Use of changing bag, and this is al
most necessity II we wish to set about
our picture-making seriously.
A changing bag should be made of
black and should be OF generous proper
tions; It should be large enough so that
there will be room for an empty plate
box, In which to place the exposed
iidtco, anu dlsO lOI u UOA VI uutApOocu
plates to fill the camera with, as oc-
oasion may require, and room for the
camera and working room for the hands.
The bag should be closed at the top
and bottom, and at the sides sleeves
should be attached to the bag with an
opening at the top. in which should be
gathered an elastic cord, so that when
the arms are thrust into the sleeves the
cord will fit closely, so that light can
rot enter the bag through the sleeves.
The plates can then be changed by pass
Ing the camera into the changing bag
through one Of the sleeves, and then
placing both hands into the changing
bag through the sleeves and removing
The lid of the camera and changing the
exposed plate for one that is unexposed.
realize that little practice will be re-
quired to distinguish the sensitive side
of the plate from the glass side of the
plate without the aid OF dark room
light. but with little practice the
touch becomes entirely reliable and the
difference to the touch of the two sides
of the plate will be easily recosnizd,
although 1t is extremely difficult to state
in words just the difference that exists
as recognized by passing the finger over
the two surfaces.
1t is also very difficult to specify ex-
actly the right time OF exposure, and it
is equally difficult to furnish fast and
set rules for the exposure to be given
when a lens is used, but with pinhole
made with No 10 needle, and the plate
at about six inches from the pinhole an
exposure of from seven to ten seconds
ir bright light will be found nearly
correct: where the plate is nearer the
pinhole. say about three inches, the time
The Washington times., 1902-06-22

~ the eighty million people OF
the United States a very small
~ percentage have any direct
dealings with the Government.
Those who do are usually men Of af-
fairs, or probably those who have vio-
lated It's laws. The Government when
1t goes in search of statistics or other
valuable information must sometimes go
direct to the people. This frequently
brings to light dense ignorance on the
part OF many who are more or less prom
inent in their respective localities. 9th
crs become exceedingly conceited when
they receive through the mail requests
for information from Government OIL
cials, whilo another class think 1t i'm
pertinent on the part Of the Government.
Probably no set OF Inquiries develops
The Washington times., 1902-06-22

In the front of the box hole should
be cut one-half inch square and this
should be accurately centered. and the
edges carefully blackened: this hole
should be covered with a piece of black
paper, which should be securely pasted
on the inside of the box. This black
paper should be perforated with No.
10 needle and the perforation should be
made SO that it is accurately centered
with reference to the square hole which
has been made in the front of the box;
this Derforation is our lens and thus
far our camera has not proven expen-
sive and 1t has been easy to manufac-
ture.
The Washington times., 1902-06-22
Cheapness Of Operation and
Accuracy and Picturesque
ness of the Effect the Great
Advantages Of This Sim
plest Of All Photographic
Outfits--Marve1ous Results
Obtained by Those Who
Have Made a Study Of the
Pinho1c Camera =. :. =.

o: exposure is less. and where smaller
aperture is made, for instance. with
No. IL needle, the time of exposure must
te greatly increased, but the amateur
Will be able with few experiments to
be to him far more reliable guide
than any printed instructions can aa:ffferd.
The Washington times., 1902-06-22

1t should not oe forgotten that such
ordinary rules as exposing for the shad-
cws are equally applicable to pinhole
photography. and II the amateur is the
owner OF a camera the lens can be re-
moved and the aperture in the lens
back paper and perforated with a small
needle as in the case OF the homemade
camera. which has been described. and
Il the perforatior is as large as one
Il irtieth OF an inch the image can be
cation OF the picture On the plate accu-
rltely determined.
The Washington times., 1902-06-22

But with this camera there Is no find
er and we may not be able to decide
Just what the picture will be on the
plate. This is purely n matter Of angles
and not a difficult matter to determine
We know that our box has been made
to hold AXIS plate, and that the plate
is in the box with its longer dimension
in horizontal line, and in order to de-
termine the angle of view we should
place pin in the front end of the
cover of the box so that it will be i'm
mediately over the pinhole which we are
Using for lens. We should also place
Iin on each side OF the box at the
end so that these pins will be exactly
over the plate, gum band stretched
over these three pins will give us the
angle of light as 1t enters the box and
strikes the plate, and for :hose who
may not understand this method Of find
ing how much of the view in front of
the camera will be included in the plate
in the box. it is easily determined by
taking two thin strips of wood ten inches
in length and making a hole in one end
of each strip, so that it will Just slip
over the pin at the plate end Of the
box and by cutting narrow slit in the
center Of the strip so that 1t will slide
over the pin at the lens end of the
tox; and by using these two strips Of
wood we form an x-shaped figure. the
crossing of the lines representing the
point where the rays of light enter our
camera. and the lines extending beyond
the camera give us the extreme angle
of view that will be included on the
The Washington times., 1902-06-22

1t should be remembered that as the
opening for the light is so very small
that this camera Will not answer for
snapshot work, and that for this rea-
son it will not answer to be held in the
hand. as the hand is not steady enough
to hold even this light box for seven
seconds, which is as short time as we
may expect to make an exposure, even
under the most favorable circumstances,
and it is, therefore, necessary that we
Bisbee daily review., 1902-03-02
BENJAMIN f. DANIELS.

The Daniels incident, which created such political furore, is at last at an end. Probably no official appointment of the President has attracted more widespread interest, not alone in Arf- zona, but throughout the entire United States.
 Arizona, to some extent, has suffered from the discussion. The President made the appointment on the ground that Daniels was the proper person for marshal in Arizona because of his fighting qualities, leaving the impress sion in the minds of eastern critics that Aaizoua is still inhabited by the bad man with gun. The President is quoted as saying that Daniels, while not fit person for marshal in Ohio, was the proper individual to preserve peace and dignity of the L. $ govern meut in the Territory of Arizona. In this matter another wrong impression has been formulated in the minds oi eastern congressman and senators, which will take long years of mission ary work to dislodge. and will prove another barrier in the way of state hood.
 That Daniels has friends in Arizona is very evident. They have been Joy al in the extreme during the embarrass- ing period through which he has just passed. Personally he is charming gentleman, who by his gentlemanly conduct and forbearance during the episode just ended has added to his list of friends, rather than diminished them. In Santa Cruz and Pima coun- ties he is extremely popular, and among his strongest supporters were found men high in the business and po- litical affairs of Southwestern Arizona.
 MT. Daniels. although defeated for the position to which he aspired, has not dropped out of sight, and it is not improbable that his name will appear on the Democratic ticket in Santa Cruz county during the fall campaign.
 isOosCNSlO ICNohCo lbC dp- pointment because Mir. Daniels had concealed from him an episode in his life which had occurred some twenty years ago. While this affair did in no way alter the Presidents admiration for Daniels, still he thought that Dan- iels should have told him all. If this had been done, so the President stated to a congressman, who called on him regarding the appointment, he would have appointed him and then stood by him through thick and thin.
 Daniels has lost nothing by the iEci- dent just closed, in fact he has won. Ae is a bigger man ln Southwestern Arizona today than before his appoint ment.
Bisbee daily review., 1902-03-02
RAILROAD
 POSSIBILITIES.

A specil dispatch from Chicago says that it is rumored in that city that the R I. R. R. Co. Is back of the Phelps Dodge syndicate in the build- ing of the Fl Paso & s. W. R. R. The rumor is not news in this section. Whether or not the Rock Island act lively assumes the control of the Fl Paso & S. W. is immaterial. It is very apparent that that company will cer- talnly have traffic arrangement over the new line just built, if nothing more The Rock Island has for many years been seeking an outlet to the Pacific coast. The opportunity has presented itself by the building of the road from Douglas to Fl Paso by Phelps, Dodge x Co.,, and the Benson and Phoenix road, upon which active construction work will shortly begin. From Phoe- nix to San Diego the survey has already been completed. and San Diego stands ready to offer alluriDg inducements, backed by liberal bonus for the con- pletion of the line to that city The Fl Paso X s. W. has already been com pleted to Deming. From that point it will be pushed rapidly forward to Fl Paso. Upon the completion of the road to that point we shall see what we shall see. The Fl Paso & s. W. and the Santa Fe are already as thick as two in a bed. In the meantime the s. P. has corps of surveyors moving around Tombstone, Cochise and Glea- son, and it is not likely that this com pany will sit down quietly and allow a new road to monopolize all the desira- ble business iR-Southwestern Arizona. The s. P. knows a thing or two when it comes to roilroad matters. The more the m errIer. The building of more railroads means greater prosperity, cheaper freight rates, the upbuilding of the country. This is the formula tive period for this section of Arizona. Now is the time to get in on the ground floor.
Bisbee daily review., 1902-03-02
A VERY large number of America

A VERY large number of Americans . agree with the views expressed by Wayne MacVeagh, who objects to the custom of sending special embassies to attend foreign coropations. >Mr. Mac Veagh believes th at it is undignified and inconsistent for republic, which
 owes it's independence to it's fight against monarchical traditions, to par ticipate in ceremonies expressly de- signed to emphasize the monarchical idea. All the necessary courtesies are already performed through the regu- lar diplomatic channels, the special
 embassy to the coronation is something
Bisbee daily review., 1902-03-02
NOTICE or FORFEITURE
Bisbee, Cochise county.
 Territory Of Arizona.
 February 10th, 1902.

Bisbee, Cochise county,
 Territory Of Arizona.
 February 10th, 1902. Mir. J. w. Greene:
 You are hereby notified that I have expended One Hundred l$l00.00) Dol- lars in labor and Improvements upon each and all of the following mining claims, to towit: "Ocatea," the June Bird" the Mascot" the St. Patrick claim, Little Mary" the Little Elsie." the ''Cog- nice,' the "Green Valley" and the "Horse Shoe" mining claims all situ- ated in the Warren mining district, Cochise county, Arizona, as will ap- pear by the certificate filed on the Sth day of February, A. D. 1902, in the office of the Recorder of Cochise coun- ty at Tombstone, Arizona, in order to hold said claims under the provisions i of section 2324, Revised Statutes ot the United States, being the amount re quired to hold the sane for the. year ending December 31st, 1901. And if within % days from the serv' ice by publication you fail or refuse tt contribute your portion of such ex penditure as oo-owner your interest IT said mining claims will become the l property of the subscriber, under sait Section 2324.
 -l2- 3m. JAMES REILLY.
Bisbee daily review., 1902-03-02

out of the ordinary and beyond what international civility requires. This government does, and should, show courtesy to foreign governments and their nominal heads, but when it sends embassies to participate in the king making process it acts at variance with it's own fundamental doctrine, which is that men rule by consent of the gov erned and not by right of birth. l.
 Sill be best to go out of the king
 making business.
Bisbee daily review., 1902-03-02
PUBLISHED EVERY DAY EXCEPT MONDAY.

Actual Number Printed To-day HOO.
Bisbee daily review., 1902-03-02

THE "Bisbee," or Fl Paso and South western road will open to Fl Paso busi- ness men one of the most prolific fields iu the southwest for trade. It will be business that has been carried else- where hitherto. but which in future will all come to Fl Paso.-Indiana Record
Bisbee daily review., 1902-03-02

FOR RENT--A new three-room house. Inquire of Johnny Twomey, Capital saloon 2-29-tf
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1902-05-21

se,rers or the consumers of oleomaEane because IN
stead of making the coored product the factories WIN
ort cleo which is not colored in imitation OF butter anu
that this cooriess product will be 50 purchased lus a.
~ as the coored is being purchased now inns IS
ment the truth or fasy which only be coneIusey
demonstrated by time. 1t reasonable TO assume ~
will be shown be not well founded
II Is quite impossible accurately estimate the sIo
Of damage which will the cotton seed indusy u
the South through the operation Of the new law
Of course that the oeomargarine factories Will be
to close or to greatly reduce their output some hsu
which can be furnished in this connection, however WI"
serve to give an idea Of the which the industry
in question will be damaged The average annual cotton
crop of the United may be placed at about 100000
bls This amount of cotton produces about 100000 tons
Of cotton seed which, the very low rate OF $40 per to"
would be worth $so,oooooo. 1t is couservativey
and statements TO that made before the computes
of the house and during the tendency OF the pm
law will the effect OF lowering the price OIL COTTON
At least onehfth which the basis formed by the hSu
wear to the industry whole The statement IS maze by
some wcnfurmed persons that the loss VIII prove 20
ted that the cotton seed interests would lose at est
600 annually result of the decreased demand from
oleomargarine manufacturers me leNas Co.G" "a
Crushcr association Of Texas, at the time II TOOK up
considered the original Grout bill which diners out
nom The bill which has been enacted into Law" reaoneu
the conclusion that the effect OF the bill wound DC 70 80
prcate of seed that the members OF the aSsoca
ton could pay the farmer only about or So per cent
of the price formerly paid
+ 4
The statement is by catemen that Sazoooooo an
rualiy will be lost them through the new law This hg-
ue may somewhat exaggerated but it is not denied that
the loss to cattle rasers will be enormous In as mach
as produces orchird OF the total crop and IS the
leading catogrovng State OF the Union IT may be seen
that heavy loss the cotton planters and
the stock rsscrs of the State result OF the operation
u "''' ''' '4 c ARrtfrp WILLIAMS
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1902-05-21
POINTS ABOUT PEOPLE.


President Loubct of France who is en- route
on the cruiser Montcalm to visit the ezar, IS eonl1
ing with different places along the coast by Hsans =
less biography and occasionally by pigeons
Clarence A. Black, a Detroit millionaire Ai' K
ting good example to other rich men by serving Y
cral days as Juror in a justice court where nsap
cases those Of petty quarrels between nai''--
the police
King Edward has now accumulated quite y
Of motor vehicles, and it has become Necessary ~ v
household appointment. To Mr.. Graham !. ~
been offered the honorary post of Master Of w
Motor Cars"
A French cntomoogist, NJ Dagan has trsd wv,
dred species of insects as food, both raw ana NJ "
various ways and has further made himself an ~
collecting travellers experiences. Spiders NlS-
eaten, he does not recommend. a.
DR.. Frank Strong, who has been selected 70 7, i
Of chancellor of the University OF kansas y. =.
Central New York and educated chiefly at ias !.
He became teacher Yale and elsewhere, ,up, M
of public schools in St Joseph Mo. and Lincoln =.
ident OF the University of Oregon and tnen S'S
practitioner of the law. =. 4,
DR.. Helmuth who died in New YORK re0en W.
years held the chair of surgery at the New ,s i.
pahc Medical College ard Hospital, and was 9 M;
another consulting surgeon for every homsvpa. s;.,
in that vicinity. Both the British and French n.1
ical societies made him complimentary menus
yersity gave him the degree Of Ii. D. in i0'' :
member of many medical societies.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1902-05-21
HOUSTON. TEXAS, WEDNESDAY, WAY 81, 1902.
y PAGES TODAY.
TIE NEW ORLEANS MERCHANTS, EXCURSION.

chaut
iio 49, ,no,.nos,iya- ,,rto, of that city
oei 'ie ,,,t 30 ,,r,,ros, tbat character.
10 s'e 49, -.
'~eS '"' -. ,ra ,co rrosidont of the New
-N'' ~ Nv 49,, t,, ,r,,,riotor of the
oIi'a"' '"S' ..,i,,- 90 tho tido Of
Ut ON'. ''' -, w., - ,-,, t,o eo,tb and into
P, I -, ,,a.+ic,,,arl,, oxnrsased rho nm.
lou'a'''" '' -. ....lnt.,. ,h,, bo said.
ueIIEl"s p"I'' " .,,.-,.,,,tt,,
W. - -, MOI Tho Sabine
VI leA'' GNU ,i,'s,,s ,o,,t, ~, moro
~ 20 ',, ,-a, sstat., From, ,o,narettop
SepSi"'' "" VI " ,t -, thi. ,,t
~ .,.l -.,at., e,,,ttl.rd thon ni,ie
"uU Nv" .,5 -,
i"' ~" U,.9,.I.,- 49,. .,, st,,o,r,, ~ oil ~
-. ~ ~. .p,,,,,,, IL, 80 tb. f,,oI ,,d man
'e''.r'gue INV -, 'I s,a oroas u,las n-su, ar
- 60, , 49, 90 ,yi,5i, no., ,,,., an t,,o
''u9 - 80 t,,a So. 80 .ho esq ooo mn 20
>,S-.,- +hat ,,, taor ,ttractod e. Nov, ar
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1902-05-21
SOME PosTscRlPTs.

No fewer than 81 per cent of German stuos''
sighted states Prof Cohn of Breslau, ..;,s
Argentina has ordered two ironclads s1ps'ss
to those recently ordered by Chile in h1Slano oA.i
Although ordinary wood alcohol is s1poson
only State which prohibits its sale on IN W. s
gers between pigeons S io are ep oes for
m f ao expects to S be 6 ys,fia Seins
ton. fo,a
Twenty FIVE volumes of books in Bratiie yIpy,rO,s
OF blind readers have been presented TO Fne
libraries al
,b Since 1879 France has spent aeopedurt
900 more -. ID
nugget of gold weighing >. s'4 Tslbo creek G
Queensland
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1902-05-21
THE DANGER no OUR NATIONAL CHARACTER

1t was Rt Rev. Henry C. Potter, Episcopal bishop
OF New York, who struck the keynote of the Philip
pine question when he said that that question was
mot what we should do with the Filipnos but what
the Filipnos would do with us"
The the bishops dictum is considered the
more its profound truth is recognized
Recent events-the extension of the war into Min.
danao. the $50 American officers and men whom Sen.
Lodge admits have been courtmartiaed for aroc-
tiles committed upon the Flipnos with heaven knows
how many more who have not been contaminated
the deeds of 'Reconcentrado" Bell and xiii and Burn
Smith make it plain that what the Fiipinos are doing
TO us amounts TO nothing less than taking away our
National character.
We were faith-keepng people, The Philippine war
has made treacherous. We have made war upon
the Filipinos who allies. We were liberty
loving people, freemen ourselves and the friends Of
freemen, with deep and quick sympathy with the
cause Of freedom in any part of the world We are be-
come imperialsts conquerors oppressors and tyrants
We were religious people, insisting upon our own
rights and respecting the rights of others. We are
become corrupted by the greed of gain and of power
and having followed own usts. as Thomas a KEN
PTS wrote it long ago have stained conseienee
and lost the grace OF God
This much has the Philippine war done to us anC
more. We bOasted ourselves to be the lberators o
the slave and on having abolished Mormon palygamy
We protect both slavery and poygamy in Sulu todpl
and pay the sultan and his dattos monthly salarie
wherewith they may buy more wives and more slaves
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1902-05-21
EDITORIAL PlcKuPs.

There are lust plenty Of this town who would be
Palestine Press. N
he Houston Post claims that under the new CITY adj
mirsraton reforms have already effected by which
100000 VIII be saved annually to the taxpayers The news
VIII be hailed with delight all CaH
correspondent know il there are any sweeter
WORDS IN the English language than Il love YOU Mavbe
not from sentimental standpoint but looking as it from
cold business basis believe that Here's dollar on sub
scription is sweeter stiL-HaheisJile Herald
Young Rockefeller authority for the statement rcbes
IS no bar to heaven Long years ago certain Galieean
"hom millions delight to worship said 1T is easier for
camel to 90 through the eye OF needle than for rich
man TO enter the kingdom Of heaven Somehow there is
VIDE difference between this Galieean and Young Mr.
rockefeller and a little troubled to know ust where
icTfriSe - N'' En-