davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Paducah sun. [volume] (Paducah, Ky.) 1898-1906, 1902-06-30
MICHIGAN SLEEPING OAR
LINES FROM LOUISVILLE
AND CINCINNATI

Sleeping cars to Michigan resorts,
running via Pennsylvania Short lines
and connections, are now in daily OPP
GRAFTON as follows;
From Louisville to Northern Michi.
gan resorts via Pennsylvania Short
lines via indianapolis and Logansport
over the vandslia Line. thence over
@. r. and 1.-The Fishing Line
to Petoskey and Mackinaw City, tax
ing passengers through to those re-
sorts and to Harbor Springs and all
summer havens on Little Traverse
Bay. Through car leaves Louisville
daily at p. m, arrives Petoskey
$3.50 a. m, Mackinao 1915 noon.
Breakfast on dining car.
From Cincinnati to Northern Mich
igan Resorts-"The Northland Ex d.
press''--leaves Cincinnati daily z p.
m. via Richmond and the @. R. and
1.-THE Fishing Line"-arrives Pc
toskey $3.50 a. m, Msokinac 1918
noon. Touches at all resorts on Little
Traverse Bay. Has dining car serving
breakfast
From Louisville to Detroit-Runs
via Indianapolis, Logansport, La Otto,
Kalamazoo and Michigan Central.
Leaves Louisville 4 p. m, arrives De-
troit 7;35 .. m, making rail and
steamer connection for resorts on st.
Clair river and Canada.
Tourist tickets are on sale daily
over these through car lines. For par.
ticulars address O. II. Hagerty. d.
p. Agt.. Louisville.
The Paducah sun. [volume] (Paducah, Ky.) 1898-1906, 1902-06-30
THE WAR TAX.
THE REPEAL OF THE LAST OF
THEM TOMORROW.

Tomorrow the last Of the taxes laid
on account Of the war with Spain will
be repealed. The stamp taxes on brok-
ers' contracts, custom house papers,
drafts, bills Of exchange, sleeping car
tickets and the like will then disap-
pear. The tax on beer will be reduced
to 81 q barrel, which was the rate
before the war with Spain. Like re-
auctions occur In regard to cigars and
tobacco.
The tax on tea, however, stands un-
til January next, when 1t, too, will
expire. This tax is ten cents pound,
and it should have been the first ms
tead of the last of the war taxes to be
repealed, because it is felt in more
homes than is the sleeping car stamp
tax, or the beer tax. The tax on tea
is very onerous one in many humble
homes, IL being 10 cents q pound, and
every bit Of this tar Is taken out Of
the customers. And yet the bucket
shops are to be relieved of all Federal
taxation on July 1, while the tax on
tea is to stand until Jan aary 1.
These reductions will not greatly
affect the revenue of the government,
chiefly because the country is increas-
ing in every respect. and trade is very
prosperous. The surplus Of the fiscal
year that will be ended at the end Of
the present month will be about $780,
900, 900, a balance much too large for
the good of the country, involving as
it does unnecessary taxation, and in
viting as it does extrsvagant appropri-
ations.
The Paducah sun. [volume] (Paducah, Ky.) 1898-1906, 1902-06-30
CUT BY DISH.
PAINFUL ACCIDENT WHICH HAP.
PENED TO A GIRL.

The four year old daughter Of Mr..
Kelley Charlton, Of Caldwell avenue,
was seriously injured yesterday while
playing with . dish.
The little girl and several oompan-
ions had been playing in the house
with several dishes when she dropped
one on her foot. The dish broke and
In some way her foot was badly cut.
The cash was circular and bled pro.
fussly. Dr.. Taylor. Of the Illinois
Central hospital dressed the injury.
The Paducah sun. [volume] (Paducah, Ky.) 1898-1906, 1902-06-30
CANNON BALLS WITH A HISTORY.

come from the farm of the late Hon.
Oscar Turner, in Ballard county, and
were fred during the war from Fed
eral gunboat ON the river when Gen.
eral Forrest, the dashing Confederate
cavalryman, made his raid in that sec-
ton and attempted to burn Paducah.
He was driven of. One of the balls
weighs 600 pounds. II struck q white
oak tree full center, but the tree still
lives. Theother shots passed over the
head Of Mrs. Turner. who was out
driving. One Of them, a 500 FOUNDER,
landed in tobacco barn . short dis
tanoe from Mrs. Turner's vehicle"
The Paducah sun. [volume] (Paducah, Ky.) 1898-1906, 1902-06-30
ATE fEATHERSlAND ALL.
STRANGE DISAPPEARANCE OF A
COOP OF CHICKENS.

Mr.. John Threadgill, Of the Amer.
loan Express Co., 10 puzzled over the
disappearance Of several chickens
which he had left securely imprisoned
In strong coop last night.
This morning when he went oft to
look after his poultry he found al had
disappeared and not feather could be
found. The coop stats had been
gnawed in two and the fowls killed In
the coop Mr.. Threadgill traced the
animal or whatever IL wa to . nearby
woodsned. whore he found several
bones, but strange to say no feathers.
He docs not know what kind of an
animal IL IL but will keep lookout
and catch IL IL possible.
The Paducah sun. [volume] (Paducah, Ky.) 1898-1906, 1902-06-30
JULY23.
THIS IS The DATE ASKED BY
THE RAILROAD COMMITTEE.

The Illinois Central picnic commit
tee has written to headquarters at
Chicago In regard to the picnic date,
etc.. and asked that the date be fixed
for July 2s and also that the com.
pany allow them IS cars for the white
employees.
They are now waiting on the higher
officials and expect an answer daily.
Last year the officials agreed ON the
date asked and It IL thought will do
90 again this year.
The Paducah sun. [volume] (Paducah, Ky.) 1898-1906, 1902-06-30
81. LOUIS ExOUR-
SION DIDN'T COME

The Illinois Central st. Louis ex-
cursion did not arrive yesterday Is ex-
pected. but will probably be run next
Sunday. The travel into Paducah on
such excursions is always great aud
the excursions are literally patron
lied.
The Paducah sun. [volume] (Paducah, Ky.) 1898-1906, 1902-06-30
ILLINOIS CENTRAL
EXCURSION BULLETIN

Chautauqua Lake, N. July 4th
and July 25th, 1895 for the round
trip, tickets sold July 4th will be good
returning until August 9Th, and those
sold July 25th will be good returning
until August 26th.
Nashville, Tenn.-June 27th, 2Sth
and 29th, July Sd, 4th, and 5th. one
fare Peabody Summer School, good
returning until July 31st with extern
sion.
Knoxville, Tenn.-June 2sth, goth
and 30th, July 18th, 18th and 18th,
one fare, Summer school, good re-
turning August 10Th.
Denver, Colo, and Utah common
points-One fare plus %, June 26th
to Both and July 14th to a1st, return
ing October 31st.
Denver and Colorado common points
-$26.l5 round trip, and July list to
18th, returning October 31st.
st. Paul and common points-s21. 65
round trip July LIST to 4th, July 9th
to Sist, good returning until October
31st.
Eddyville, Ky.-Camp meeting July
10 to 81, one fare limited to July 2s.
Providence, II. LIB. Y. p. U.
July 8, Z and 8, one fare plus 81,
limited July 20.
Minneapolis, MINI. IN. E. A. July
8, 8 and Z, one fare plus %, limited
July 1, with arrangements for exten.
sion until Octobr 1.
Salt Lake City, Utah-Grand Lodge
B. p. o. E. August Z, s., and 10,
$50. is for round trip, limited to Sep
tenn Der 80.
Tacoma, Wash.-Young Peoples
Christian Union July IS to 81, s52. so
for round trip, limited to September
is.
St. Louis, Mo.-Specisl excursion,
round trip 90. Special train leaves Pa
ducah Saturday morning July 8, at 2
O'Clock, tickets will be good return
ing ON regular trains July and 8,
and special train leaving st. Louis
IL 80 p. m. July 8. No extensions
granted. No baggage checked.
Evansville, lnd.-Sunday, June go,
special train leaves Paducah 7:1o q.
m. $3.50, good returning only on
special train leaving Evansville 1890
p. m. same night.
Chattanooga, Tenn. Edu-
cational Association June 81 to July
1, one fare plus %, good returning
until July 6, with privileges Of extern
sion until September 10.
Mont Eagle, Tenn. -Assembly Bible
school, July 1, 2 and 8, 23, "a and
25, one fare for the round trip, good
returning until August 80.
Fourth of July"-On July 2, 8
and round trip tickets will be sold
to all points ON this line, south Of the
Ohio river, and on July and to all
points within 400 miles of Paducah
on this line north of the Ohio river, at
one and one-third fare for the round
trip, good returning from southern
points July and from northern
points July 2.
n HONOuAN A.a.A
The Paducah sun. [volume] (Paducah, Ky.) 1898-1906, 1902-06-30

Bull Hollier and Ed Carter. both
notorious young men Of Msyfeld, bad.
" out another man there Saturday A.
ternoon late. seriously injuring him.
They escaped. but were caught in Full.
ton. Garter 10 brother 10 John Oar.
ter, sent mp from here for horse steal.
ing. and who died short time ago In
the Eddyville psnitentiary. Roller
has been arrested . number Of times
for running blind tigers.
The Paducah sun. [volume] (Paducah, Ky.) 1898-1906, 1902-06-30

The Louisville Times tells the fol-
lowing story that will prove of inter-
est here:
"In the front yard of the residences
Of Mr.. and Mrs. W. J. Abram, at 9l6
Fourth avenue, is large cannon ball
on each side of the walk nearest the
house and some smaller ones grouped
about the big fellows. These have
attracted attention from people who
wondered why they were there. being
. most unusual form Of yard ornamen-
tation. The balls have q history and
that is why they are there. They
The Paducah sun. [volume] (Paducah, Ky.) 1898-1906, 1902-06-30
LOOKS LIKE MT. STERLING.

Frankfort, KY, June s0.-The lat
est information regarding the location
Of the camp Of instruction for the
Kentucky state Guard 10 that it will
go to Mt Sterling. The camp will be
established about August next. The
Second regiment will 60 into camp
first and be followed BY the artillery
and the Third regiment.
The Paducah sun. [volume] (Paducah, Ky.) 1898-1906, 1902-06-30

For THE Eternal City," in which
the Lieblers and Viola Allen will ap-
pear next season, = complete musical
setting will b furnished by Pietro
Mnsoagni. the Italian composer, auth.
or Of "Cavallsria Kusticana," with
whom . contract has been signed.
The Paducah sun. [volume] (Paducah, Ky.) 1898-1906, 1902-06-30
NEW STEWARD.
MR. P. H. MEAD OF ST. LOUIS
INSTALLED AT THE PALMER.

Mr.. p. H. Mead Of st. Louis arrived
yesterday to accept position ~ stew
ard ct the Palmer house TO succeed
Steward Boyle, who went to Chicago
several days ago to accept . position
in q big cafe thore.
Mr.. Mead Is one of the ablest in the
business, and took charge Immediately
upon his arrival.
The Paducah sun. [volume] (Paducah, Ky.) 1898-1906, 1902-06-30

Calling osrds 80 . 100 ct The
Sun of{ioe.
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16
AMENDMENT TO THE CHARTER
 OF THE SALVADOR MINING AND MILLING
 COMPANY.

The said charter of the Salvador Mining and Milling Company was ap- piled for on November IA, 1900, and the same filed in the office of the Secretary of the Territory of Arizona, November 19 1900
 In accordance with Article V of said Company, the capital stock of the same was made $100,0O0, divided into 10000 shares of Ten (S10.0O Dollars each. On the 3rd day or September, A. D. 1902 by an affirmative vote Of a majority of the stockholders of said Company, the said charter was amended, so as to read: The capital stock of said corporation shall be Two Hundred and fifty th1J- sand ($25O,OOO Dollars, divided into twenty-five thousand (25,00O shares Of Ten &10.O0) Dollars each.
 By said affirmative vote, il was therefore decided to increase the cap ital stock of this company $150.O6O, making the same $250,000. as aforesaid. and thereby increasing the original number of shares from 10000 tG 25,OOc, but leaving all the shares of the sa:ne denomination, viz, $10.O0 each.
 IN WITNESS WHEREOF. by order of the Directors of the Salvador Min ing and Milling Company, this instru ment is signed by the President of said Company and sealed by the seal of said Company, attested by the Secretary thereo;.
 (Corporate Seal)
 SALVADOR MINING AND MILLING COMPANY. By
 D. A. COBB, President Attest:
 D -yATKER Secretary. State of New York,
 City and County of New York, ss-
 Before me. Noah LOder. Jr.. Notary Public in and for the County of New York. State of New York. on this day personally appeared the Salvador Min ing and Milling Company, corpora
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16
FOR SALE


 FOR SALE-Fine brood sows; bred. J. H. Root. six miles south of Tempe. --~4.,,r4, N son ana harness TOT sale al Field ranch. Mcdowell road and Marico.a canal.
 September +, ? D. m., at our salesroom, 33 South First avenue Mrs. Dr. C. w. Robbins will sell her entire household and of flee furniture, comprising an elegant oak extension table. combination side board and china closet, dining chairs. parlor tables and lamp, couches. wicker and other rockers. white en- ameled bed, dresser, combination book case and desk, office chairs. book and medicine cases, pictures, linoleum. carpets, mating, refrigera- tor. stoves, cooking utensils, tcOls. cots and mattresses; also one fine. single driving horse. Hambletonian bred; gents wheel; one set Encyclo- pedia Brittanica, bound in calf. Mrs. pr. Robbins. Hammond. auctioneer. BARGAINS-Se Second hand saddles. Pawnshop. l1 North Center street.
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16

tion candidates for the various pre- cinct offices, to be voted for at that election.
 Third-The election of prohibition county central committee. and gener- ally to transact any other business that may properly come before the con vention. All voters who intend to vote for the candidates of said prohibition party will be allowed to participate in said convention.
 By order oi the county central com mittee this 4th day of September. 1902.
 C. H. DAVIDSON, Secretary.
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16

Proposals for corn, oats or rolled bar ley and hay-U. $. Indian school ser vice, Keam's canyon, Arizona, Septem- . Der 10 1902. Sealed proposals, indorsed Proposals for corn or oats, etc" and addressed to the undersigned. will be received at this school until o'clock D. m. of October l, 1902, for furnishing and delivering a the school immediate ly 15.000 pounds of corn, oats or rolled barley and 40 tons of hay. Corn must be sound and clean, and must weigh not less than g pounds to the bushel. Oats must be bright and clean and must weigh not less than 32 pounds to the bushel. Rolled barley must be of good merchantable quality and free from all deleterious substances: all to be delivered in good sacks. Samples Of not less than ten pounds of corn, oats or rolled barley must be furnished. Hay must be of good quality free from mold and weeds. The right is reserved to reject any or all bids, or any part of any bid if deemed for the best interest of the service. Each bid must be ac- companied by certified check or draft upon some United States depositary CT solvent national bank, made payable to the order of the commissioner Of Indian affairs, for at least per cent of the amount of the proposal, which check or draft will be forfeited to the United States in case any bidder or bidders receiving an award shall fail to properly execute a contract with good and sufficient sureties; otherwise to be returned to the bidder. Bids ac- companied by cash in lieu of certified check will not be considered. For fur ther information apply to Charles E. Burton. superintendent Moqui school. Keams Canyon, Arizona
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16
PRESCOTT
TYPE SETTING MACHINES.

Twenty years ago there was not a commercially successful type-setting machine in the world. Even ten years ago these labor-saving machines were but just introduced. Today the Msr- ganthaler, the Scudder. the Lanston the Goodson. the Dow and the Simplex all assemble the type by the touch of n finger upon a keyboard. Their speed is said to be limited only by the dex- terity of the operator, and one man does the work of five or six by the old and laborious hand processes.-Ma Magazine for September.
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16
CALL FOR PROHIBITION CONVEN
 TION OF MARICOPA COUNTY.

By direction of the prohibition coun- ty central committee of Maricopa coun- ty, Arizona, a mass convention of the voters of the prohibition E,arty C.; Mar icopa county is called to meet in the basement of the M. E. church. corner of Monroe street and Second avenue, Phoenix, Arizona, on Tuesday, the 23G day of September 1902, at 10 a. m.
 The purposes fer which the conven- tion is called are: First-The nomina- ton of prohibition candidates for the various county officers. to be voted for ct the next ensuing election in Nc vember.
 Second-The nomination of prohibit
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16
MINING APPLICATION NO. 77S.
 Survey No. 1914.
U. S. Land Office, Tucson, Arizona.

U. S. Land Office, Tucson. Arizona,
 July II, 1902. Notice is hereby given that the Re lief Gold Mining Company, by George Hamlin. its attorney-in-fact. whose postoffice address is Phoenix, Arizona, has made application fo: patent for 1900 linear feet each on the Relief, Ve- nus and Relief No. 2 lode mining claims, with surface ground GOO feet in width being Mineral Survey No. 1914, bearing gold. silver, copper and other precious metals, situate in unknown Mining District, Maricopa County, Ari- zona, and described by the plat and field notes on file in this office as fol- lows:
 VENUS LODE.
 Beginning at cor. No. 1, identical with the $. w. cor. of the l0ca ton. a porphyry stone 6x10x24 ins. set 12 ins. in the ground chiseled -1-V.-1G14 with mound of stones alongside, whence cor. to secs. 3-4-9-1O, T. 1 N. R. E., G. &
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16
GROUP.

Usually begins with the symptoms Of a common cold; there is chilliness sneezng, sore throat. hot skin. quick pulse, hoarseness and impeded respira- ton. Give frequent small doses of Bal lard's Horehound Syrup, (the child will cry for iO, and at the first sign or croupy cough, apply frequently Bal lords Snow Hniment externally to the throat. 5(c at Elvey & Hulett's, druggists.
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16

tion, by Daniel A. Cobb, Jr., President,
 and Alfred P. Walker, Secretary. tknown to me to be the persons whose
 names are subscribed to the foregoing instrument, and acknowledged to me
 that they executed the same by order Iof the Board of Directors of the Salva- dor Mining and Milling Company. and have caused the seal of said Company | 10 be thereon affixed for the purpose
 and consideration therein expressed.
 Given under my hand and seal of
 office, this 3rd day of September. A. D.
 1902.
 | (Notary Scalp
 NOAH LODER, JR., Notary PGolic, Westchester County.
 Certificate filed in New York County.
 State of New York, | County of New York. ss. l, Thomas l.. Hamilton, Clerk of the County of New York, and also Clerk of
 the Supreme Court for the said County.
 the same being a Court of Record, Do | Hereby Certify. That Noah Loder. Jr..
 has filed in the Clerks office of the County of New York, certified CODY
 of his appointment and qualification
 as Notary Public for the County of Westchester, with his autograph sig nature, and was at the time of taking. the proof or acknowledgment of tie annexed instrument. duly authorized to
 take the same. And further that I am well acquainted with the handwriting
 of such Notary, and believe the sigma
 ture to the said certificate of proof or acknowledgment to be genuine IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF. I have
 hereunto set my hand apd affixed the tl sLl
 8 day of Sept, 1902. (Seal)
 THOS. L. HAMILTON Clerk. Territory of Arizona, County of Maricopa. I. B. F. McFall. County Recorder in
 and for the County and Territory
 aforesaid. hereby certify that l have compared the foregoing with the origi-
 nal amendment to the Articles of In- corporation of the Salvador Mining and Milling Company, filed and recorded in
 my office on the 9th day of Sept, in
 Book No. II Of Interpretations at Page -, and thal the same is full. true and correct copy of such original and of the whole thereof. Witness my hand and seal of office, this 9th day of Sept. 1902. (Seal) B. F. McFALL. County Recorder. By A. s. ARTHUR, Deputy.
 Filed and recorded in the office of the Secretary of the Territory of Arizona
 this 9th day or Sept, A. D. 1902, at 2 D. m.
 ISAAC T. STODDARD. Secretary of Arizona.
 First publication September 12. 1902.
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16
RAISED FROM THE DEAD.

c. W. Landis, Porter" fo- the Ori- ental hotel. Chonute, Kas., says: "I know what it was to suffer with neu- ralgia., deed did. and I got a bottle of Ballard's Snow Liniament and I was raised from the dead I tried to get some more, but before I had 'deposed of my bottle, was cured entirely. am telin de truth, too.' 25c, soc, and sl.OO at Elvey & Hulett's drug store.
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16
Excursion to Colorado Springs
 National Irrigation Congress-.

Tickets will be sold October 1st to 7th inclusive for S45.2O. Colorado Springs and return. By depositing tickets with joint agent and paying 90 cents fee. final limit Of tickets will be Oc- tober S1. Don't leave town at an unearthly hour. but take the Phoenix Short Line at 6:0O D. m. No change at Maricopa. and 21 miles the shortest line. Phoenix to Colorado Springs via Southern Pacific.
 EXCURSION TO TUCSON ON ACCOUNT OF MEXICAN IN DEPENDENCE DAY CELF- BRATION.-On Sept. 14th tick cts will be on sale at Phoenix and Mesa to Tucson and return at rate of $7.sO and from Tempe at S7.50, good returning Sept. 18th. Extensive preparations have been made for a grand celebra tion.
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16

PIANOFORTE TEACHING-NIiss Fanny Peck. Teacher of Musical Kindergarten and Pianoforte Playing; Pupil of Carl Stasny Of the New England Conserva- tory of Music, also graduate of Theory of Music under Lewis c. Elson of BCs- ton. Address i36 N. Sixth Street.
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16
SITUATIONS WANTED

~~~~~~~~O~O~-~~~~---~~- WANTED-A place to do housework. Maud Miller, 529 s Third avenue. MAN AND WIFE would like position as clerk and housekeeper in hotel; Arizona or southern California; eX- perienced. Address Clerk, Republi- can office
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16
PREPARING FOR A CAREER.

When AguinaldO becomes a full fledged farmer he will probably be out after the populist nomination for some thing worth while.-Chicago News.
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16

Senator Teller is giving an excellent imitation of a politician without a party.-Chicago Tribune.
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16
HsBKak@kBBBBkRt kRt8Bes#k@ksBkBtN |8 POPULAR WANTS $
 SSsesMse&SsMssMessM SsAS>Mes@sMet8
Ill advertisements
ROOMS FOR RENT


 FOR RENT-Nicely furnished rooms for light housekeeping; corner Second and Buchanan streets; No. 207; no consumptives; no children. TWO neatly furnished rooms for rent; Sl per week each. Inquire William Limbrock, 214 East Washington st. CAPITOL HOTEL-Corner E. Wash ington and Third streets; pleasant furnished rooms s1.50 per week and up; transients solicited FURNISHED ROOM to rent. 53S E.. Washington street.
 FOR RENT-A good room, with board ar housekeeping privileges, at 346 w Monroe street.
 FRONT ROOM to rent, with board; ; suitable for two. 615 North Fifth st. FOR RENT-Furnished housekeeping rooms and bedrooms; reasonable; nice home. 332 North Fifth street. THE DORRIS-Furnished rooms; cool sleeping rooms; rooms for housekeep- ing. 32 South Second avenue.
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16
POST YOURSELF Southern
 Pacific
 Excursions
EXCURSION TO CHICAGO

On sale daily at the Southern Pacific office until September 90. Chicago and return at rate of SS4.SO, with final limit Octo- Der S1. Tickets are good via the famous Rock Island Cut Off. orr via New Orleans and Illinois Central. Through cars. Pullman and Tourists, without change at MariCopa.
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16

man has to learn to like babies and eat olives.
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16

HOTEL BARBER SHOP-Reopened and renovated un- der new management; tonsorial ser vice now first class; modern and up- to-date: hot and cold baths. I. H. Tanner, proprietor.
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16
LOST AND FOUND


 LOST-One gray horse; no brand scar on left hip; weight about 1900; last seen on Arizona canal September 3; reward Cowboy LOST HORSE-From pasture near In- dian school; ssorrell; branded "rafter IT. on hip; reward. Finder notify R. H. V., care Republican
Arizona republican., 1902-09-16
Excursion to Kansas City and St
 Louis.

Tickets are also on sale daily to Kansas City and return at the low rate of $77.3O and to St. Louis and return at rate of SS2.3O until September 90. Final limit of tickets October q. No change of cars necessary at Maricopa, and these tickets en- title passengers to all first class privileges. Make your reserva- tion early.