New-York tribune., 1902-10-23
CARNEGIE WARNS EUROPE.
STRIKING ADDRESS On INDUSTRIAL
ASCENDANCY OF AMERICA

negie this afternoon was formally relhs'aiieu
as Rector Of 81. Andrews University III tue
presence of a large and brilliant assempl1se'
over which Principal Donaldson presiueu- WI
Carnegies address consisted of long s'uuS
Of the comparative growth OF nations III tue
paths of industrial ascendancy, with a stunning
commentary their future. In ms speeOH'
which was replete with notable staustl'S anu
important economic prophecies perhaps the
most remarkable feature was an appear 10 Eli
peror William to use his influence toward the
eventual creation of the United states or
Europe. under the form of political ana IN
dustrial union. In this way alone, MT. carnegie
declared. can Europe conquer the foreign mar
kets or repel the American invasion Fidi'e'
Germany and Russia, who had already taken
joint action against Japan, would suffice to IN
sure satisfactory union in Europe.
The Gar he continued. having taken tne
first step toward the peace of the world III i"s
Hague Conference the other mighty Emperor
might some day be impressed with the thoush'
that it is due to himself and to Germany 10
pIav a great mart upon the wider stage of
Europe. as her deliverer from the incubus
which oppresses and weakens her, the appallhg'
paralyzing fear of and of rum between
members of her own body
Mr.. Carnegie in the course OF a glowing trio
ute to Emperor William. said he could not he'p
believing that "one so supremely great could
influence the few men who to-day coh'rol
Europe take the first step: not TO feuera'e'
but by an alliance to insure internal peace
which is all that can be expected at present
Unless the powers agreed TO something OF the
kind all they could look forward to was to
"revove like so many Liliputians around this
giant GulIiver. the American Union. soon 70
embrace two hundred millions of the EnsIsh-
speaking race and capable of supplying most Oh
the worlds wants.
For the best essays on this subject Mr.. car
negie offered a rector's prize.
Dealing with the events which caused the IN
dustrial supremacy. "once yours but now passed
to your lneal descendant. who bears the indus
trial crown Mr.. Carnegie maintained that II
physical impossbnty for Great Britain
10 produce material things rivalling in amount
those of countries the size of America. Germany
and Russia nor would a union of the Empire
change the situation. for neither CANADA nor
Australia give promise of much increase In
] population or industrialism All thought of
| material ascendancy even with the British En-
pire united must, therefore, be abandoned.
| Mr.. Carnegie spared his Scotch audience no
details America" he said nov makes more
| steel than all the rest of the world. In iron
and coal her production is greatest. and 1t is
also so in textiles She produces three-quarters
! Of the worlds cotton. The value Of her manu-
| factures is about triple that OF your own. her
exports are greater and the clearing house eN-
! changes at New York almost double those
/ Of London"
Germany. the speaker also said. now threat
ened to Great Britain even from second
! place. France was not likely to increase her
! trade much further. 1t only. thanks to the
/ frugaIity and virtue of her people that she re
maned among the hrst-class nations. lie EN-,
/ phasized the assertion that the most powerful
/ weapon in conquertng foreign markets u
1 profitable home market. "Invasions or Europe
| especially Of Great Britain. by American manu-
/ facturers, not 10 be apprehended 10 any con
| siderable extent, except at rare Intervals. De
| cause the home market in America took 81 per
| cent OF the manufactured articles, hence her
prosperity Foreign commerce rs braggart
| always in evidence at home. Commerce " the
/ true king" The work accomplished in American
! commerce by the German element can scarcely
| be believed. except by those who like myself
/ know il by experience" The sobriety and de-
| termination of the Germans formed an exam
| pie for England. whose enormous drink bill and
money spent on tobacco they cut In half Whiie
/ the gambling Of both masters and men was
abolished. The great secret of success IN bust
| ness and I'm millionaire making is to make part
1 ners OF valuable managers Of departments.
Mr.. Carnegie described "A dark cloud on
| England's horizon the fact that lin twenty TO
twenty Five years the supply Of Cleveland iron
stone will be practically exhausted. The Cum
| berland supply is already nearly exhausted
This will bring dearer iron and steel"
| However" Mr.. Carnegie added. even the
| United States mas only proved supply of first
| class sufficient for sixty or seventy years
With the reserve of inferior grades II might last
another thirty years. unless the rate Of con-
sumption greatly Increased. But the United
| States, with her enormous extent, had good
| hopes of discovering deposits now unknown"
In proof Of this contention that il was hope
/ less 10 fight magnitude in commercialsm." Mr.
Carnegie cited the supremacy of Germany in
| the speed OF Atlantic liners. and said they were
/ not paid half the subsidies received by the Brit
| ish lines. 1t is the magnitude OF the 2.o,oo,
| 600 OF people the German lines serve, which is
| equivalent TO great home demand This JUS
/ tifies their ocean greyhounds the American
| home market justfies unequalled manufactur
! ing establishments" Mr.. Carnegie added:
! ''Snce these lines were penned have had
| strong proof of the law of surplus. To support
| a smaller market in an unequal struggle your
! Government has found il necessary to give
! 5000 per day from the national revenue for
! two Atlantic PreyhOunds under your flag. The
! German gets four of these without this aid. be-
| cause Of a greater home market. which supports
such ships of itself. There is no escape from
| the influence of magnitude which gathers as il
| rolls and must finally conquer"
! The honorary degree of Doctor of Laws was
| subsequently conferred by St. Andrews Mr.
! Carnegie. Ambassadors Choate and White Pro-
| fessor Alexander Graham Bell. of Washington.
/ and Henry White. secretary Of the United
| States Embassy in London.