davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1902-04-25
WHY WE HAVE CATARRH.
Artificial Conditions Of Living Given
as PRINCIPAL Cause. ~,


+ It is we'll known fact that modern
changes Of temperature induce ca
tarrhal affections, and it is also evident
that the best prevention Of 'cold'' is
a ready adaptation to the varying con-
ditions of an uncertain climate, says
the New York Medical Journal. The
latter implies certain resisting quail
ty of the respiratory mucous men,
brane which must be necessarily devel-
oDed along rational lines. The harden
ing process thus becomes questions Of
vitality, habit and environment.
The dry, hot air of the modern dwell
ing is undoubtedly the most prolific OF
all the predisposing causes of catarrhal
troubles. The mucous membranes are
thus placed in a worst possible condi-
ton for resisting the impression of the
outside atmosphere. Their natural pro.
tective secretions are not only decreas-
ed, but the blood supply of the air pas
sages becomes relatively superabun-
dant, congested and sluggish, and the
beginning of the end is evident enough.
Persons who are luckily unaccustom.
ed to these high temperatures often ex.
perience sense Of oppression from the
same cause. It is the protest of healthy
resistance against artificial enfeeble.
ment. Foreigners, say with truth that
Americans literally bake themselves in
their houses, and there is in this con.
nect1on also much reason for the opin.
ion as to the cause of the American ca.
tarrh.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1902-04-25
big Dipper Dredge.

On the first day of June next the Pol
son Iron and Shipbuilding works of To-
ronto will deliver to Mr.. J. Poupore, a
Montreal contractor, the largest dippe1
dredge in the world. 1t will cost $62, OOC
to build. The title dipper dredge, by
which it is known, is hardly fair to the
immense machine now under process Of
construction. 1t is a big dipper, so big
that every time it goes down into the
deep thirteen tons of material will be
brought to the surface and dropped
into the scow beside it. This immense
weight of $4,000 pounds will be han
died as lightly and easily as if it were
a shovelful instead of eight cubic yards
Of earth.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1902-04-25
Porcelain ViOlins.

A well known manufacturer Of mu-
steal instruments in Germany, Max
Freyer, has introduced process for
making violins from clay. These fid-
dies are of the ordinary pattern, but
are cast in molds, so that each instru-
ment is an exact counterpart of it's fel-
low. It is said, but it is somewhat hard
to believe, that the porcelain body acts
as better resonator than one of~wood
and that the tone of the instrument is
therefore singularly pure and full.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1902-04-25

couver in the company of party of
English tourists. At the latter place
I had seen all the hurry and hustle
that is typical of almost countless
number of cities in the United States
that are industrial and commercial
centers. In fact Vancouver had seemed
to me homeland city that had by
mistake sprung up across the inter-
national line. Vancouver was my ideal,
Victoria pleased my English tourist
friends.
''Now I feel at homc,'' said one of
them, and he could not have put into
words a sentence that is better express
sive of what Victoria is. 1t is typically
English. There on an island in the
north Pacific has been builded an ideal
English town; English in it's construc-
ton, in it's government, in it's business
methods, in its social pleasures and
pastimes, and it's people.
Victoria is a city of wealth, and it's
homes typify wealth. There are great
spacious buildings surrounded by large
plots of ground, and inclosed by beau
tiful green hedges run over with flow
ering vines. The occasional peeps the
visitor gets of the scene behind the
hedges remind him of the scenes
among the plantation homes of the
south, or the luxuriance of nature in
California. Roses.> great beautiful
roses, are everywhere, they border the
graveled walks, they cover immense
bushes, and through them one catches
a glimpse now and then of wide, vine
covered verandas. Nor do roses alone
form the splendor of these home
grounds. With them are to be seen
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1902-04-25

A scaffold which has just been in.
vented and which workmen, especially
house painters, will find extremely use
full differs from the old and clumsy
scaffold in the fact that it is firmly con
nected with ladders by brackets, says
q writer in the New York Herald. Each
Of these brackets consists of a head,
of arms which are pivoted to the head
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1902-04-25
Plant Vaccination.

French botanists are endeavoring to
vaccinate plants against parasitic dis
eases. AS the elementary functions
are the same in animals and plants
there seems to be no reason why their
diseases, whether arising from mi
crobes or fungus, should not be treated
In the same way.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1902-04-25

Daily steamers ply between the city
and the mainland, and the freight rates
accorded are the same as from Van.
couver to all points. 1t is this fact
that makes Victoria a Distributing
point. In fact. Victoria is not only the
distributing center for Vancouver is
land. but shares the trade of all the
Canadian northwest with Vancouver.
Aside from the uniqueness of it's sit
uation and it's interesting history, Vic.
toria offers many attractions to thes
tourist. It's immense stretch of water
front, made possible by the numerous
inlets and small bays, afford an an.
chorage for the ships of all nations
of the world. Within short car ride
is Esquimault the British naval sta.
ton, the headquarters of the British
North Pacific squadron, with it's drv
docks, its marine railway, it's ammuni.
ton houses, its great guns and its war.
ships. Railroad trains run each day
to the rich coal fields of the island,
and carry one through charming scene.
ry of mountain and valley, while the
trip from the mainland either at Seat.
tie or Vancouver is of sufficient inter.
est and pleasure to warrant the ex.
penditure of time needed to make il.
WRIGHT A. PATTERSON
The Last Straw.
Mrs. Muggins-My husband is a per-
feet crank. .,.'
Mrs. Buggins-All husbands are,
my dear.
But fancy a man who complains
that my mustard plasters are not u.
strong as those his mother used to-
make!"-Phiadalphia Raepea. :,
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1902-04-24
WOES OF THE POET.
An Illustrative Instance of What His
Soaring Spirit Has to Con-
tend With,

The poet has to stand more tramp
ling on his toes, more knocks and
bangs, than the majority of men.
Possibly he is so sensitive that he
feels them more; anyhow, he suffers
and endures, and is always expecting
solar pleXus blow. He had a wom-
an friend whom he admired and es-
teemed lot. She was intensely par
ticular, however, but she liked him,
and always had something kindly to
say. The other evening she began
talking about his book, says the
Louisville Times.
81 borrowed it from a friend" she
declared, land started to read it. 1
would pick it up before breakfast or
after supper, but do you know that
every time 1 was trying my best to
wade through it some of the children
in the house would call me for some
thing, and l never did pillow through
the volume"
The poet had grinned broadly when
she began on the subject of his book.
but the words wade through it."
''plow through it," felled his spirit to
the dust. That girl was worse than
the woman who wrote poet note
of thanks for a gift of his book and
let him find it on her parlor table
with the leaves uncut
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1902-04-24
COST OF LIBRARY VISITS.
Estimated Expense of Providing for
Callers at the Large Reading
Rooms of Chicago.

Each time anybody goes to the John
Crerar library and gets a book out
the institution spends IS cents on his
comfort, says the Chicago Tribune.
Again, how many of those who pur-
sue learning at the Newberry library
appreciate the fact that for every time
they are present in the reading-room
of the institution AZ cents must be ex-
pended to cover the cost of their visit?
1t is safe to say that few if any of
the thousands of men and women who
enjoy the privileges of either of these
institutions year after year stop to
consider the financial consideration in
volved in their reading and study. And
it is equally as certain that those who
have made it possible for them to en-
joy these educational privileges give
as little thought to the cost as do the
beneficiaries. But there is an old-time
adage that figures won't lie" and thus
it is that by little calculating on pro
rata expense of maintaining the two
libraries a rather interesting feature
of the public library question is pre-
scented.
The fact of the matter is that each
visit to the John Crerar library costs
more than 6S cents, but the excess can
not in justice be charged to the Wis
itors of any one year or period, be-
cause expenditures are incurred in
adding to the facilities of the institu-
ton, thus increasing its assets and its
value to posterity. The average cost
per year of maintaining the institution
is about $4,000, which is exclusive of
money expended in securing new
books, labelling and cataloging them,
and getting them ready for shelving.
These items are chargeable to the
assets.
In 1901 people paid IS, 428 visits to the
library and calculating on the basis
of $4,000 a year for maintenance the
pro rata cost is shown to be approx
imately IS cents. However, such items
as binding, periodicals, books, letter.
ing and repairs are not taken into con-
sideration in this problem. If they
were, total expense of more than
$4,000 would be shown and the pro
rata cost would be correspondingly in
creased.
Students, however, are not disposed
to consider the matter on this basis,
for they say the number of persons
who receive the benefit of their scien-
tific study must not be overlooked.
The number of visitors at the New
berry library during 1901, including the
museum, was 49, S3, and the estimated
cost of maintenance was $37, 900, MAX
ing the per capita expense about AZ
cents. The difference between the
number of visitors at the two institu-
tions is explained by the greater num-
Der of subjects covered in the books
belonging to the Newberry.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1902-04-24
q MENTAL FAMILY TREE.

We we're talking in the schoolyard about
our family trees,
And Gertrude said hers could be traced to
Sir Horatio Freeze;
And Rufe said he'd descended from the
governor of a state;
And Louie mentioned ancestors of hers
about as great,
While Reggie said his lineage embraced
lord, he knew;
And Nell from her great-great-grandsire
obtained her blood so blue;
But neither of the little Smiths could say
a single word;
For them to boast their ancient name of
course would be absurd.
Then teacher, smiling slightly, said that
she was much inclined
To think that there was such a thing as
blue blood of the mind:
That those who studied hard (and here she
beamed on Tommy SMITH
Had certainly descended from men of force
and pith;
And those who loved to tend the sick and
serve the weak and frail
Were morally related to Florence Nightin-
gale.
GIere Jennie Smith blushed to the ears.)
And when she saw youth
GLOW bright she smiled at Johnny SmithD
who always told the truth
AT school, at home, or when he was at
work or having fun
She knew him for a relative of General
Washington.
But Reggie doesn't like such talk; he says
it seems to throw
So much responsibility upon yourself, you
know.
-Ethelwyn Wetherald, in Youths Com
paniOn.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1902-04-24
INFANTRY RANGE FINDER.

ment. Provision being made for its
measurement in the telescopes, the
calculation is easily made. In each bar
rel of the field glass is stretched YER
teal wire. One is fixed and the other
is movable. When the two are seen as
one, and the distant object is sharply
defined, one reads off an exceedingly
delicate scale on the adjusting screw.
Prof. Forbes declares that the distance
can be estimated within two per cent.
of the truth, even at 5000 yards.
Summarizing a paper read by the in
ventor before the London Society of
Arts, Nature says:
"The wire seems to stand out solid
in space, and the slightest turn of the
micrometer screw causes the wire to
appear to be nearer or further than
the object looked at, and when the wire
appears TO be at exactly the same dis
lance the micrometer reading gives
the distance with an accuracy far
greater than that attainable by OBJ
serving the duplication of images on
the retina.
InlS range HnueT can ne uSeu IN
variety of positions. The more stead
lily it is held the more accurate the re-
suit. A standing position is the least
steady. When kneeling, using only
half the base, the other half may be
bent down at right angles, and so form
a leg, which serves as a rest on the
ground. The most easy position is sit
ting, with the elbows resting on the
knees. Another steady position is
lying fat on the ground facing the OBJ
ject. In every one of these positions
you can take advantage of cover
Since the eyes are virtually at the ex-
tremities of the base, the observer may
stand, sit, kneel or lie behind tree,
bush, rock, anthill, horse, comrade or
wagon, and will not only be more able
to work without sensation of danger,
but without drawing the fire of the
enemy on his comrades.
"Lord Kitchener having expressed
desire to see the range finder tested in
the field, Prof. Forbes has proceeded
to South Africa with his instrument,
and a thorough examination of its eff
fciency will be made under practical
conditions"
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1902-04-24
PUNGENT PARAGRAPHS.

Ted-"What's that peculiar odor
about Miss Cobwigger?' Ned-'I'm
notsure whether she's been riding in an
auto or cleaning her dress with ben
zine. Y. Sun.
Ascum-"Hello! Where did you get
that black eye?" Downes-"Hunt-
ing" Ascum-'Gun kick you?" Downes
-"Oh, no. l was just hunting trou-
bic. philadelphia Press.
I'll tell you secret" volunteered
five-year-old Dolly. What is a Sc
cret?" asked her little friend. ITS
something somebody tells everybody
else in whisper" explained Dolly
London Answers.
Haven't you cigar for me, Herr
Huber?" Certainly! But l thought
you were going to stop smoking?" $50
| am, but not too abruptly. I've al
ready quit smoking my own cigars!"-
Fliegende Blaetter.
,"Blitfkins is always talking about
how smart he is. 1t is his worst fail
ing" Not by a good deal" what
does he do worse than that?" He
talks about how smart his baby is
San Francisco Bulletin.
Mother-"There were two apples in
the cupboard, Tommy, and now there
is only one. How's that?" Tommy
(who sees no way of escape)-"Well,
ma, it was so dark in there | didn't see
the other. "-Glasgow Times.
Life is not properly arranged"
complained Mr.. Laertes O'Hamme.
"So? queried Mr.. Polonius de
Bumme. aye, true. In the winter
the critics roast us, and when we play
summer date we get frost" -Balti-
more American.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1902-04-24
STERILIZATION
FOR INFANTRY SERVICE.
Prof. George Forbes Has Invented a
Range Finder That Gives Dis
lance with Accuracy,

Devices which give the range of dis
tant objects have been used in the
navy for years, and also with long
range artillery, like that employed for
the defense of harbors. Apparatus for
infantry service has now been invent
ed by an English engineer, Prof.
George Forbes.
The instrument is a combination of a
square aluminium tube, six feet long,
that can be folded up for carrying,
and field or opera glass of special
design. Rejecting prisms are mount
ed on the ends of the tube, and each
throws an image of the object under
scrutiny at right angles toward the
middle of the tube. Here they are re-
Elected again into the field glass, one
into one barrel and the other into the
other. In this manner a stereoscopic
effect, of great value OFFICIALLY, is Sc
cured. Only the ends of the instru-
ment require an unobstructed view of
the enemy.
Rays oflight proceeding from given
point in the distance, such as a SOL
dier's bayonet, to the ends of the
range finder diverge slightly. The
nearer the object to the observer the
wider the angle, and vice versa. If one
can measure this angle the distance is
easily computed from the length of
the aluminium tube, which constitutes
"base line" The prisms are so ac-
curately adjusted that when the
images enter the two tubes of the
field glass the angle between them is
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1902-04-24
THE BLOOD OF APES.
1t Resembles That of Human Beings
and Establishes n Sort of "B1OOd
Relationship"

The recently devised biological
tests of blood have given a new sig
nificance to the term ''blood-rela-
tionship." DR.. Prudential and 9TH
ers believe that tests of this kind
have established probability of our
cousinship with the apes, since trans
fusion of human blood, which is
harmless with them, is always in
furious to other animals, operating
by dissolution of the blood corpus
cles. But it has been found that the
serum of an animal may be immun-
lied against human blood by appro-
pirate treatment, and it is then
called 'human anti-serum." Such
serum, when mixed with human
blood, produces a precipitate. DR.. A.
S. f. Grunbaum, lecturer at Univer-
sitv college, Liverpool, announces in
the Lancet that human anti-serum'
produces precisely the same precipi-
tate with the blood of the apes. He
writes:
"Other observers have already
precipitates the lower monkeys blood
to a slight extent. Adopting the
general mode of application of the
test, 1 find that human anti-serum'
gives a precipitate with all three
species of anthropoid apes already
named, and to me this precipitate is
practically indistinguishable from
that obtained with human blood
either in quality or quantity. Occa-
sionally it seemed that the blood of
the orang gave a more gelatinous
precipitate as compared with the
granular precipitate of the other
bloods, but this may have been due
to accidental circumstances. The
granular precipitates from other
bloods are also liable to become
sticky when shaken up. But it is not
only by the action of human anti
serum or anthropoid blood that this
close relationship of the various
bloods may be demonstrated. l have
prepared gorilla, orang and chimpan-
zee anti-serum. Tested in the way
described, they all react, not only
with their own blood but with each
of the others. and also with human
blood. Here again, in the absence
of definite standards, 1 am unable to
assert that there is any difference
of reaction amongst the many COM
binations of anti-serum and blood
which can be made with the four
aforementioned bloods and sera."
There is thus certainly a strong
resemblance between mans blood
and apes blood, and so, in one sense
at least, ENTHUSIASTICALLY"
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1902-04-24
New Hospital for Consumptives.

With regard to the glass hospital
which is to be erected at Philadel-
phia for the cure of consumption,
with isolation for each patient and
a constant supply of rarefed air,
similar experimental hospital is al
ready for use in London. The patient
sits in glass cubicle, breathing an
atmosphere specially treated by
ozone. The value of oxygen, or
ozone, in the treatment of ulcers,
burns, wounds, lupus, etc., has been
proved there by several cures of hith-
erto incurable cases during the past
five years. Great as has been the
actual relief thus afforded, this oxy-
gen hospital exists equally for pur-
poses of demonstration and expert
ment,
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1902-04-24

Scientific gardening is taught in
the national schools of Sweden and
in the seminaries for the education
of national school teachers. There is
a school garden in nearly every rural
school district in the kingdom. The
garden is placed near the school
house, and the children receive prac-
tical instruction in the cultivation of
plants, berries, flowers, herbs and
fruits, the management of hotbeds,
greenhouses, etc.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1902-04-24

Dennis-"Tis tn ear-rly bur-rd gets
tn wur-rm, Misther Casey!
Casey-Tis thot. If We wa-ant to
keep yere head above wather these
days, We ca-an't let TIL grass grow un.
der yere feet, Misther Dinnis.-Detroit
Free Press.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1902-04-24
A CHEAP HYDRUMETER.
Mode of Making II Is Simple and VIII
Repay the Experimental for
His Slight Trouble

There are many amateurs who have
at one time or other tried to make
storage battery, but have given up in
disgust on finding that their plates
have sulphated, thus running their bat
terry. This is often caused by not hav-
ing the electrolyte of the proper
density, but this fault can be corrected
by the use of a hydrometer. Readings
should be taken regularly with the hy-
drometer, and this will also form
valuable guide as to the amount of the
charge in the battery; that is, the dem
sity of the electrolyte after charging
will be found to be slightly greater
than the limit of discharge. A simple
and cheap hydrometer can be made as
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1902-04-24
$4,000 TO CALIFORNIA.
Everyday, During March and April
PhenOmenaIIy Low Rates to the
Pacific Coast and Interme-
diafa Paints

d1ate Points.
Colonist Excursions open to all Later on
at intervals during the summer special round
trip excursions to the Coast at less than
One Cent Per Mile, going one way, returning
another. An exceptional opportunity to
visit any part of all parts of the Great West
for pleasure, education or business. Peo-
pie with interests at various points will
show you attention. Address a postal to
w. 4. ConnOr, General Agent Union Pa
enc, southern Pacific Rys., So East 4th St.,
GlncInasi, Ohio. Write on the back: "Send
details low rates to California" adding
your own name and address, also those Of
any OF your friends, and you will receive in
return information of fascinating interest,
great practical value, of educational and
business worth. Whether or not you are
thinking OF, taking this delightful trip or
looking to better your condition in life, it
Will pay you, your family or friends to
write a postal as above. As the colonist
rates open to all are good during March
and April only, send your postal to-day.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1902-04-24

Nervous Lady las a large bird flies be-
fore tie vessel)-Oh, captain, is that an
omen?
Matter-of-Fact Captain - No, madam;
that is a seagull-Judge.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1902-04-24

New Arrival-When will it be time to
take this thing called blower" down
3om of this open fireplace?
Experienced Maid-Lave it alone there
until it do be too hot for yez to touch thin
lift it of.-Detroit Free Press,
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1902-04-24
$1,000 to California, Oregon ana
WRRhInpfnn

daily, March and April, only $500 for berth
in tourist car. Personally conducted excur-
sions Tuesdays and Thursdays from Chicago
and Wednesdays from New England. Illus
trated pamphlet sent on receipt of two cent
stamp by S. A. Hutchinson, Manager, 2l2
Clark street, Chicago.