davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily morning journal and courier., 1902-07-30
HUMAN PORTERAGE.

Carts Taking it's Place in Madagascar,
 Railroads in Africa.
 Early last year the French completed a wagon road between Mahatsara on the east coast of Madagascar and An tananarivo, the capital, on the central plain of the great island. This road is connected with the east coast port of Tamatave mainly by waterway along the coast formed by a series of Iagoons and the canals that have been dug to connect them. p
 The entire route by water and wogon road is about two hundred miles in length and is to-day the chief highway by which the French gain access to the interior of the island. The wagon road Is preliminary convenience that is ex- pected before many years to be largely supplanted by the railroad that is to be built between Tamatave and the capi- tai.
 The only method of freightage for many years past between Tamatave and the populous country of the Hovas surrounding the capital has been by means of men who carried loads on their backs along the narrow mountain paths and through the valleys, the jour- ney requiring nearly a month.
 Of all forms of transportation, human porterage is most expensive; reight rates between the coasts of Madagascar and the capital have been almost pro- f1ibitive, but now the porter ic begin ming to seek work in other fields, for his old occupation is slipping away from him.
 The days of the long caravans of blacks bending under their heavy loads are nearly at an end. Wheeled vehicles are taking the place of these human freight trains.
 The new road was scarcely opened for traffic till March, 1901, though some thirty little carts passed over it earlier in the year. In January, 4,552 and in February 5,700 porters made the trip over the old paths in the accustomed way.
 From that time till June last year. a period covering the latest statistics re- ceived, the number of porters steadily diminished, and in June the number of man loads had been reduced to 3,402 The number of carts increased from three in January to three hundred and seventy-two in June.
 Traffic over the new highway is now in full swing and the mountain paths are falling into disuse, except for the trade between the villages bordering them.
 The new method of freightage is still very primitive, though a great improve ment on the porterage system. Very few mules or oxen are as yet employed to haul the carts, the service being per- formed by three men to each vehicle.
 Every cart carries a load of about seven hundred and fifty pounds, or two hudred and fifty pounds to eht man. One hundred pounds is very heavy load for a porter, thus the carrying ca pacity of each man In increased fully two and half times by the substitution of carts for back loads.
 A large decline in the price of freight carriage has already marked the open ing of this new highway adapted for wheels. The cost will be further re- duced by the substitution of mules and oxen as the motive power.
 Forty thousand blacks of the lower Congo were engaged four years ago in the porterage service around the two between the navigable reaches of the lower river and Stanley Pool, where eight thousand miles of water highways
The daily morning journal and courier., 1902-07-30
4 GOOD BEASON.

There was some surprise when it was announced that Winston Churchill the novelist, wanted to be elected to the New Hampshire legislature, but it ap- pears that he has a very good reason for his desire. He wants to be a legis- lator so that he can do something, and, if possible, much for the preservation of the White Mountain forests. He explains that he is not against proper numbering, but against that sordid, de- structive, wasteful numbering that turns great areas of forest into barren ness through the work of fires that fol- low the reckless choppers, and render the soil incapable of producing again the finer and larger kinds of trees. MT. Churchill's argument is that the beau ties of the White Mountains constitute a great asset for New Hampshire, not alone as beauty, but as actual money, drawing many visitors and dollars into the State.
 MT. Churchill is right, and if he needs to be elected governor to carry out his ideas he should be. The people of New Hampshire will do well to give him all the help he asks for. He is working for their benefit.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1902-07-30
THE KAISER'S VISIT TO PoSRN.

There may not be any bouquets thrown at Emperor William by the populace when he visits Posen, but there wont be any stones thrown at him. Not long ago the Kaiser made a speech at Marienberg in which he took occasion to make certain references to the Poles which the latter were prompt to denounce as unnecessary and unjus- tified. So intense was the feeling aroused throughout Prussian Poland by the Marienberg speech that the authori- ties of Posen professed to fear disturb ances during the Emperor's projected visit to that city at the time of the autumn maneuvers. Therefore, they sent a message to Berlin asking that the visit be deferred. But the Kaiser will not change his plans except to make his appearance in the Polish city more impressive and significant than was at first intended. He will ride into Posen at the head of ninety thousand troops, the flower of the imperial army.
 The En1aeror's visit to posen will be memorable event in the history of that town. It will also be memorable event in the history of the Emperor if it is properly touched up, as it doubt less will be.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1902-07-30

In the absence from home of MT. Stanley Mccormick, a resident of Chi cago, the assessors of that city fixed his taxable personal property at $25O,0OO and sent him a schedule to that effect. But when he returned home he went the assessors ''one better and filled out a schedule showing that he ought to be taxed for $475,4O1 worth of personal property. It almost took away the breath of the members of the Chicago board of tax reviewers when they read the returned schedule and recognized the fact that there is at least one man in that city who does not care to be enrolled among the tax dodgers.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1902-07-30
ADVERTISING RATEs.

sI.ustiops, Wants. Rents. and other smah advertisements, One Cent Word each ln- sertion. Five Cents Word for full Wesk lseyen uInssl.
 Display advertisements. per inch. one ia; sertlon, 20; each subsequent insertion, ~ cents: one week, S3,20; one month, SIo; one Fear, $41 -.
 Obituary NoLIces. In prose or verse, tS cents per line. Notices ef Births. MaE!f ages Deaths. and Funerals. 60 cents eaen' Luca. Notices, h per line.
 Yearly advertisers are iimitsd to th1IE own Immediate business (all matter 10 De unobjeetienabiel, and their contracts do n"' ipaInde wapts. To Leg. For Sale: efc:
The daily morning journal and courier., 1902-07-30

The following notice appeared in an English newspaper the other day: "The announcement made in this column yes terday of the birth, on the 9th inst, of twin sons to Colonel -, was without foundation"
The daily morning journal and courier., 1902-07-30

Now that Korea is safe she is feeling her oats. The Korean government has declined to grant a concession to Japan for the establishment of wireless tele- graph stations along the Korean coasts, as it intends itself to establish such service.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1902-07-30

Large sales of agricultural machinery and binding twine in the Northwest in- dicate that the farmers there expect good crops.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1902-07-30

<, There are six thousand Johnsons Tn Chicago, and they don't think there's too much Johnson.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1902-07-30

A German official publication puts the combined indebtedness of the empire and the German States at $3,S45, 900, 00O. The imperial and state debt per head of population is s5s. The gross revenue of the Empire and federated states is s1, ,69o. 100000, including ss6,O0oO0O of ex- traordinary revenue. The gross expen- allure of the Empire and federated states is $1,ss5, 100000, including s95, ,ooO,- 600 of extraordinary expenditure. The several states, apart from the Empire, spend yearly s1,o75,oOo,oOO. The debt for Empire and states here given is to be compared with England's debt in 1901 of sS, 455 ,OO0, 900; Frances $6,ooo, ,OOO,- 900; Russia's 8, ,64O, 100000.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1902-07-30

K s Rebecca Harding Davis, mother of sof Richard Harding Davis, has the fol- lowing to say to girls: 1T wish that the Independent could reach every discon- tented, needy woman outside of the great cities of the United States, that Fl could urge them to stay outside of them, as they value their souls health and their bodies health. They have no
 money, perhaps, but in the place where
 they are known they have capital which they cannot take with them in the in- fluence of family and friends, and in the respect and confidence of the com- munity. Or, if they have not, if they never have been able to conquer infu- 5ence and respect and love at home in all the years that are gone, how will they get them in the seething life of a strange town? Let us throw a little daylight of common sense onto this thing"
The daily morning journal and courier., 1902-07-30

s A London paper figures that in MT. Carnegie's effort to avoid the disgrace of dying rich he has so far given away some ss7,212.s2s, divided as follows: United States, s52,27o.17S; Scotland, s1a,- O7S,75o; Canada, sS76,17S; England, s42O,- 900; Cuba, $252,Ooo; Ireland, $65,Ooo; Great Britain (niscellaneous gifts), $250,000. A number of towns have taken advantage of the generous offer made by MT. Carnegie last May, to consider applications for gifts for branch library purposes coming from any English speaking public body in the United Kingdom, South Africa or Australia. and erect the buildings, if they will pro- vide the land, books, and cost of main- tenance, placing the library under the public libraries acts.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1902-07-30

The Navy department is making strenuous efforts to keep up the supply of men necessary to man our big ships, and recruiting parties have been or ganized to trave! through the interior of the country, in nearly every State in the Union, to drum Up recruits. Pre- yious knowledge of sea life is no longer necessary. All that is required
 is that the candidate be sufficiently
 physically sound to pass the doctor. Ex- tra inducements are offered in the way
The daily morning journal and courier., 1902-07-30

ed, and many of them will be glad to contribute to it, if the plan includes any help from outside of Maryland.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-12-10
Mischief Making in Virginia.

Richmond, Va. December 6.-.Eames
Hayes. the colored lawyer and con-
feree Of John S. Wise, in the recent
unsuccessful attack on the new Con-
stitution of Virginia, Was in the office
of the clerk of the United States
Court today preparing papers in forty
eight suits for damages against mem-
bers of the Constitutional Convention.
The suits are for S., 600 damages
each, and are brought under the com
mon law, probably relying on Section
1879, Revised Statutes Of the United
States, to give the United States
Court Jurisdiction.
Hayes appeared to desire a great
deal of secrecy in these cases, and
would have nothing to say about
them. It is stated he will be ready
to file the suits Monday. He and
United States Marshal Treat were busy
getting the necessary legal papers in
shape this afternoon, so that the
necessary formalities of the iatter's
Office could be promptly oispoesd Of.
These are the suits that were
threatened some time ago.
Eagle Pass, Texas, December T.
The machinists in the shops of the
Mexican International Railroad, at
Ciudad Porferro Diaz, have been
notified that from December ! they
will be paid standard American wages
on a gold basis: the machinists will
get s3. 80 and the boilermakers So. %
per day in American money or IN Mezl-
can silver at the average rate of ex-
change for the month in which they
work. This is an entirely new de-
parture in Mexican railroading ard
was caused by the fact that Americans
could not be held at the old rates.
The advance applies only to Americans
Marion, Dec. The -four mill be-
longing to the Marion Milling com
pany was destroyed by fire at about Il
O'Clock last night. The fire IS sup
posed to have been caused by sparks
from the engine room. The mill was
situated very near the railroad and
the flames spread to and consumed the
railroad water tank.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-12-10
THE BOUNDARY Of TEXAS.
Line Disputed Between Lone Star
State and Indian Territory.

Anstin. Texas, December Three
portions Of boundary lines Of the State
sf Texas are in dispute, the latest be
ing the eastern line north Of Red
River. There has Just been fled in
fhe State land Office report of the
WORK. under the Act Of Congress OF
1901, requiring the Secretary OF the
Interior to establish the I50th meri-
dian, which forms the eastern bound
s.ry of the Texas, from Red River, in
Cnildrsss County, north 10 and in
ciudiag Lipseomb County. It was
flrst understood that the new line
would give Texas strip of eight
miles of the Indian Territory but the
report makes the startling calculation
and fixes the meridian SO that Texas
loses strip of land three fourths OF
anmiIe wide, taking Of that much OF
the eastern edge of ,Lipsconb, Hemp
hill, Wheeler, Collingsworth and Chill
dress counties, a total loss OF III half
sections of 1900, which Las always
been regarded as part of Texas. Il
this corner, SO lately marked, is made
E,ermanent, the people who own the
property now OF the west, formerly
en- the east side of the line, will be
( without title and lose the land, as 6
deed from Texas will be worthless.
This late location will stand unless
the State of Texas can prevail on Con
gress to authorize joint survey anc
a new line to be marked.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-12-10
Reducing the Surplus.

Washington, December 6.-The
House today passed the pension appro-
priation bill. carrying s139, 600, 600,
without a word of debate, and devoted
the remainder of the day to bills on
the Calendar, quite a number of which
were. passed. 70 prevent the passage
of a bill to prohibit the military
bands from engaging in competition
with private bands, Mr.. ". A. Smith,
of Michigan, made the point of no
quorum and the House adjourned. 1t
was agreed that the London dock
charge bill should be considered and
voted upon, on Monday.
Bills were passed to construct a steam
revenue cutter for service in Albemarle
and Pamlico Sounds, N. c., and to
authorize bridge across the Savan-
nah River at Sand Bar Ferry, below
Augusta, Ga.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-12-10
CAR REED IS DEAD.
Thomas Reed, the Great Republi-
can Speaker, Dies Suddenly in
Washington.

Washington, Dec. 6.-Thomas
Brackett Reed, former speaker Of the
house of representatives and for many
years prominent in public life, died
here tonight at II. 10 O'Clock in his
apartment in the Arlington hotel. The
Immediate cause Of death was uraemia.
A change for the worse was noted in
Mr.. Reeds condition early this morn
ing. At9.30 o'clock he was given a
subcutaneous saline TRANSMISSION in or
der to stimulate his kidneys, which
were failing to perform their proper
function. At 5 O'Clock this afternoon
saline solution again was administer
ed, about three quarts of fluid being
used. The heart became weaker and
weaker, but the patient retained con-
sciousness until IL O'Clock tonight
when a complete coma came on.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-12-10

rights. This recognition of woman
has gained ground rapidly since the
war. Before that our school teachers
were generally men and where we had
women as assistants they were import
ed from the North. We had five in
succession in our town. One by one
they got married and we sent
off and got another. Our well-to-do
widowers took a liking to them, for
our girls wouldn't marry widower,
and our young men wouldn't marry a
Yankee school mistress. But since
the war our own girls have gone to
teaching and are found in every school
room in the land. If they are more fit
to teach our children than are the men,
then why are they not better paid,
and why are they not members OF
our school boards? [ have known men
to be elected on school boards who
couldn't do sum in the rule Of three
and didn't know whether algebra was
Latin or astronomy. Some OF these
same men are put on the committee
to choose school books. School boards
are not always elected for scholarship,
but for sectarian influence and be-
cause they have an ak to grind.
But this is enough for one letter. /
hope the young people will cut it out
and paste it in their scrap books and
keep it for reference SO that when
they are married and have inquisitive
children they can answer these ques-
tions. Every young person should
have scrap book. One of our teach
ers was not long ago asking her scholars
about Washington. "NFho can tell
me something about George Washing
ton" and one of the boys said: He
was born on Mount Vermont" A
little girl said: No, it was Mount
Vernon. - Another boy said, He
was named for the city of Washing
ton, and another said, He was the
father of all the country children, :"
and another said, He cut cherry
tree down to git the cherries, and
didn't tell lie about it and his father
never licked him for it, but that
night he had he collie mightyEbad. )"
And here is a good, kind letter Of
sympathy for ful-blooded Cherokee
Indian, who writes from the Indian
Territory and he says he was born in
Murray County and loves Georgia
and her people. He asks
about the Howells, and says his
father knew the old man on the Chat
tahoochee and always said there was
some good Indian blood in his veins.
Well, they do looks like it. | expect
our Evan came sideways down from
old Powhattan, just as my wife came
from Pocahontas. Hello, Cousin
Evan we are kin. Bill ARP.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-12-10

Wright; Hickory Grove, P. B. Ingra-
ham; Heath Springs, J.EC. Chandler;
Kersbaw, R. E. Turnipseed: Lancas-
ter, W. H. Hodges; Lancaster cir
cult, j. NJ. Lawson, North Rock Hill,
W. H. Arial, Richburg, D. NJ. Nc
Leod; Rock Hill, St. John, W. 7.
Duncan; Laurel Street and Highland
Park, M. Aud; Manchester and
Mount Holley, E. A. Wilkes, Van
Wyck, j. H. Noland; Yorkville, J. L.
Stokes, S. A. Weber, supn'y; York
circuit, o. A. Jefcoat: York Mills,
L. T. Ligon.
. Spartanourg District, J. W. Kilgo,
presiding elder-Belmont, E. z.
James; Clifton and Cowpens, ". j.
Synder; Cherokee, J. n. Isom; Gin
ton, G. M. Boyd; Campobello, J. C.
Fowler; Enoree, G. B. Burns, Gaf-
ney, j. M. Steadman: Gafney cir
cult, J. B. Wilson; Jonesville, D.
Hucks; Kelton, A. Il. Best; Laurens,
first church, w. B. Duncan; Laurens
Mills, j. 6. Higgins: Monarch,
North Laurens, J. K Mccain; Paco-
let Mills, S. T. Creech; Pacolet cir
cult, J. D. Frierson; Santue, E. NJ.
Merritt; Spartanburg, central, j. E.
Grier; Duncan, M. L. Banks; East
Spartan nburg, R. Z. Holroyd Union,
Grace Church, T. E. Morris, W. II.
Miller supn'y: Union and Buffalo, E.
S. Jones and L. L. Wagnon; Whitmire,
J. F. Anderson and W. L. Gault.
Southern Christian Advocate, W. R.
Richardson, editor: G. II. Waddell,
assistant editor; financial secretary
Woford college, ". A. Rogers.
Snmter District, 8. B. Browne,
presiding elder-Bethany, S. D.
Bailey; Bishopyille, A. c. Walker !,
Camden circuit, G. A. Penny Fores-
ton, G. II. Pooser; Jefferson, Z. f.
Gibson Jordan, E. K. Moore; Ches-
terfeld. N. L. Virgins; Lynchburg,
T. M. Dent: Manning, A. N Brun-
son; New Zion, G. 3. Whitaker; Os-
wego and Magnolia, j. H. Thacker.:
Pinewood, S. O. Cantey: Richland, S.
NJ. Jones; Santee, G. G. Herbert:
Sumter, R. II. Jones Sumter eircuit,
". G. Gleaton: st. Johns and Rem
bert's, Z. L. Bedenbaugh; Wateree,
R. E. Mood.
Secretary of education, J. ". Kill
go; assistant Sunday school editor, L.
T. Beatty; transferred, E. T. Adams,
transferred to Southwest Missouri
conference: Jio. A. Rice, transferred
to Alabama conference: ". Il. Kir-
ton, to North Carolina conference.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-12-10
VENEZUELA US. GREAT BRITAIN.
An Old Dispute Over Patos Island
Renewed Last Year, and May be
involved in the Settlement of
the Present Controversy
Between Those
Countries.

Washington, DECEMBER TN Vene-
zuelas' Yellow Book" for 1901, a
copy of which has been received in
Washington recently from the foreign
Office at Coracas, are the exchanges
between the London and Caracas Gov
eminent last year in regard to the
ownership Of Patos Island, which has
been in dispute between the countries
for many years. Significance attaches
to this correspondence in view of the
approaching crisis between Venezuela
and Great Britain, as it is not i'm
probable that in the settlement of the
claims of British and German citizens
against Venezuela, the Patos dispute
also will be involved. The reopening
Of the Patos. question was caused by
the action of the Venezuelan gunboat
Augusta, in January, 1901, in captur-
ing certain British subjects on the ISL
and. When the Caracas authorities
were called to account by the London
foreign Office, the former replied by
renewing their long standing claim to
Patos, and a diplomatic controversy,
extending throughout the year, was
the result. Venezuela bases her claims
to the island on its proximity to the
coast of Guiria, from which it is dis
tant only three miles, claiming that it
is tenet of international law that a
country commands waters within a
marine league of its coast; that the
International law institute has defined
the territorial sea as six miles whereas
the island of Patos is. more than ten
miles from Trinidad, the nearest Brit
ish possession.
Great Britain, through her charge
d'aTaires at Caracas, and later
through her minister, advanced the
contention that when she conquered
the Island of Trinidad, in 1877, sover
eighty over Patos was also obtained
and so recognized by the Madrid Gov
ernment; that Patos has remained In
the peaceful possession of Great Brit
ain for more than a century, during
seventy years OF which time Venezuela
advanced no claim.
It is understood that President Cas-
tro will ask that the question be set
tied by arbitration, a proposition to
which the British Government will hard
ly accede, in view of it's contention
that the ownership of Patos is so clear
ly British as not to furnish suitable
subject for arbitration.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-12-10
Monterey. Mex. December

Monterey, Mex, December -
Through the efforts of Jose CasteltoH
Governor of Campeche and president
of the National Senate, company haN
been organized in Monterey for ez
ploration and development of 5000
acres of coal land inssNorthern Mexico
The company will be known as ii
Monterey Coal Company and VII
start business with a paid-up caplta
of 1000, 600. q
Paris, Dec. e.-The chamber Of de s.
uties was the scene of violent distur
ance this afternoon, during which IS
general melee occurred in the space
front of the tribune, requiring ts
summoning of the military commal
ant of the Pals Bourbon with p2
toon of Colonial infantry who forcla
elected two disorderly members who
declined to retire after an order for
their temporary expulsion had been
voted.
Halifax. n. S., Dec. 6.-The worst
train wreck in the history of the
Colonial, the Canadian govern
ment Railway, happened at noon today
at Belmont station, 20 miles from
Halifax, when the Canadian Pacific
express from Montreal rolled down an
embankment killing at least six per-
sons, iniuring a score of others, and
completely wrecking the locomotive,
the postal, express and baggage cars
and several passenger coaches.