The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-12-07

. on raacrablo lines and could asiiy find
a place wi bin e.. pres ~ order 81 society.
Iuits IlLin frj, urts this rev H. ed programme,
though on, % difference TO the feelings
4 0f their old inc leaders il has not be- n
/ adopted in 40 msnV words, not even al tho
4 last party convcn lol, il that of n radical
1 reform ard labor party. IL includes -'HiS
! control of all means Of communication ana
! Of all factories, mines, shil Yards. Sc.,
! with the voice, - the owners and those Of
! the to"rs g, d ,d.na'od nnd il provides for
a minimum Of wages and maximum OF
! hours Of labor. II does away. however,
. With any violent upheaval, accompanied
! by forciblc disposscssion, and it does away
with nearly every paragraph in the earlier
creed to which other political parties, no
matter how friendly diero sed otherV iss
| to the just demands of labor. have had all
along strong objections" Mr.. Won Schier-
brand. for his part has no doub that.
! although this new programme has not
so far been formally adopted by the So.
cialists of Germany as a party, largely for
sentimental reasons, an overwhelming
| proport ion of their voters have really 40
cepted II as their true aim and wish.
The z eat change that has been wrought
! in the aims and convictions of the Socialist
masses in Germany is attributed TO tive
! great causes The first OF these is the
| altered cL aracter OF the rank and file. A
We have seen, immense accessions have
come to tie Socialist party during the last
| ten years from the various factions of the
! vhlom great Liberal party in Germany,
! and also from the party Of the Centre. e.
! pecially In the industrial districts Of the
Catholic, Rhine and Westphalian provinces,
and in some parts Of the Polsh-speaking
districts OF Slesia. These recruits. becom.
ing more and more numerous, had, for
| the most part. little faith in the sanguinary
features Of the old Socialist programme.
but they firmly believed in the desirabilty
| Of the practicable reforms advocated "
the party. Our author points out, how.
| ever, that their mere numerical weight,
great as it WAS, would not b. sufficient
TO turn the scale There was much BRAIN
power used in the same direction, an the
head and front Of the Intellectual warfare
waged against the earlier dogmas Of Social
ism was Bernstein. for twenty years an
exile from Germ any-like so many other
| of the ablest Socialists driven out by Bis
marck under his repression laws During
the last years of his stay in England. Bern
stein wrote and published a series OF books
and pamphlets which exercised powerful
influence in Germany, and have done
more than any other single thing 10
mould answ the doctrines on which theo-
retical Socialism il built. Yet his main
| work in this line has been done since his
| return to Germany. In quick succession
he issued number Of pithiy written and
convincing tracts, wherein he demolished.
one after the other. the strongest pillars
upon which the old Socialist structure,
| Hn
economic system, rested, to wit, the dogma
Of the steadily advancing pauperization
| of the masses, that of social ca aclysn
| TO come and that of the unearned incro.
| ment in the capitalists incom 5. As no.
| body within the Socialist ranns was able
| to disprove his arguments and conclusions,
| a great bowling, and shouting, ana gnash-
ing of teeth arose within the Socialist parry,
| and the old irreconcilable leaders began
| to call for the ostracism of the hereto. Be-
low all the noise and animosity, however.
was plainly perCeptiple the fear that BERN
stein had the great mass Of Socialism with
him in this matter and that, II the old
leaders insisted upon his forcible removal
| from the party. il would he they who would
be defeated. So. after a while, the open
opposition against him and his teaching
| died down; a truce, if not indeed peace,
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