davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-08-02

discoveries and views do not form a
fundamental part. In the domain of
physical optics, Lord Kelvin has recent
ly shed much light on disputed ques-
tions by his lectures and papers.
1t was, however, Lord Keivins work
then Prof. Thomson--in connection
with the Atlantic cable which brought
him international fame. When in 1856
Cyrus Field began to realize his gil
gantic dream of uniting England and
America by submarine cable, diff
Guilty arose, which threatened to defeat
the project. 1t was found that cleo
trio signals passing through the cable
did not attain the speed hoped for. and
the financial success of the scheme, in
consequence, was questioned. Many
theories were advanced by scientists
as a solution for the problem, but it
remained for Prof. Thomson to enun-
ciate the law of retardation, and so
enable engineers to design cable
which would give a satisfactory speed
to messages. The directors Of the At
lantic Telegraph company speedily rec
ognized his ability and engaged his
services 1t is no eXaggeration to say
that he contributed more than any
other scientific man to the ultimate
success of that enterprise which was
so repeatedly baffled and postponed.
On returning to the old world Prof.
Thomson was knighted for his distin-
guished service and became Lord Kel-
win.
1t is unquestiosed that he has done
much for electrical science by intro
ducing accurate methods of measure
ment. His most useful inventions in
this line are two valuable eIectro-me-
tiers, and perfected type Of his ORR
ginal invention, the mirror instru-
ment." which has become the main
stay of the electrician. 4 machine for
predicting the level of the tides in any
part If the world is probably his chief
no~-e e"t~ical invention
lid Kelvin has carried on a large
number of experimental and mathe-
matical researches in every depart
ment Of natural philosophy. but the
true citadel Of his genius lies in his
faculty of of applying mathematics to
the solution of physical problems.
Lord Kelvin was endowed with every
requisite for success-power of will.
intellect and energy-and is in reality
one of the worlds great men. As the
Napoleon of natural philosophy, his
name will 90 down to posterity with
Calico Newon and Pascal.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-08-02
UNIQUE MEMORIAL SERVICE.
Chicago Pastor breaches at Fathers
Grave on Tooth Anniversary
of His Birth.

The Rev. Delno c. Henshaw. of
Chicago, the other. afternoon
preached memorial sermon at the
grave of his father, james s. Hem
shaw, at Kalamazoo, Mich. The oc-
casion for the unique affair was the
hundredth anniversary of his
fathers birth. He gave brief
biography of his father. of whose
eleven children four fought for the
union in the civil war. He declared
that the old Puritan stock was
passing away. Sons of Americans are
not being brought up in the man
hood of their forefathers. but focL
to the cities and learn to drink.
smoke, and gamble. The national
standard of righteousness is being
lowered. The children are not get
ting trained in religious principles
nor getting moral fiber in the pub
lie schools.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-08-02
TO BE REWARDED.
Consul Ayme, who Recovered Body
of Consul Prentis from Ruins of
ST. Pierre, VIII BE Promoted.

Col. Louis II. Ayme, of Chicago,
the United States consul at Guade-
loupe, who went to Martinique to
recover the body of Consul Prentis
and look after the relief work, is
coming home. He is said to be much
run down physically as a result. If
his services in the devastated island.
The United States tug Potomac,
Lieut.. b. b. Mccormack commanding,
left San Juan, Porto Rico. fer Port
de France, Martinique, to get Consul
Ayme and carry him to San Juan
where he will take passage for New
York
The state department sent word
to the navy department that il was
not sure that the consul was still at
Fort de France. He has not been
heard from recently. 1t is under
stood he will be promoted for his
splendid work.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-08-02

in which he signalized himself for
bravery and was promoted by the
elders of his tribe. He joined the
various secret orders, passed through
the fearful trials of the sun dance, a
ceremony requiring more courage and
fortitude than any other initiation
known to men, either in ancient or
modern times.
Shortly after 1s45 the whites began
to slowly push their way westward and
northward. Buffalo hunters. miners
and rough classes focked to the from
tier. Types of men who neither re-
spected the rights of others nor feared
God came in contact with various
bands of Sioux upon their hunting
grounds. and as a natural consequence
robberies and other crimes were re-
sorted to by both races. Washington
should have restrained all immigra-
ton until the lands now embraced by
the states of Kansas, Nebraska and
North and South Dakota had been
either taken away from the Indians
and paid for or left in their undisputed
possession and trespassing upon those
lands rad been summarily stopped
He furt err said that Indians and white
view co.'s not live peaceably together,
.'r ~- as Of life, habits, languages
Il" 'gtions being totally different.
" wed in the light of subsequent,
Ted Clouds position was entirely cor
rect. The white men who flocked to
the frontier made no distinction be-
tween those which were hostile and
those which were friendly. More
aver. a total ignorance of Indian man
ners and customs and of travel upon
the plains brought about many con-
licts and misunderstanding between
well-meaning and respectable settlers
stances of this character could easily
be gathered, and certainly should be
published as a Part of the history of
the plains. 1t is not surprising. then,
to find that from 1s4s to 1877 contin-
ual ar was waged upon the rlajDS
The @ 30 years of conflict. looked at
fror military standpoint comprised
% ls'.r series e petty skirmishes and
ms -c~es penetrated by both white
anT ed men alike. Viewed from the
Ina standpoint, it was a continual
struggle on the part of some 1000 or
3 600 men against invasion and ex-
tern nation. The result, as we all
fno'r was the almost total annihila-
| ton If the Indian.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-08-02
MAI. OGDEN'S GRAVE.
1t Marks the Geographical Center
of the United States.
Shaft Erected to the Memory Of q
Brave Army Officer u Proof Of the
Fact That Truth IL Stranger
Than Fiction.

The geographical center Of the
United states il on high point Of land
in the public reservation at Fort h4ley,
Kan. 1t is marked by d large nonu-
ment, erected in memory Of an officer
in the regular army, Maj. Edmund
Ogden, L. ;. A., who died near this fort.
The monument was erected by Jo-
seph O. Sawyer, the father of DR.. f. o..
Sawyer, now a resident Of Pico Heights,
Los Angeles, who was named for the
major several years prior to his death.
Between Maj. Ogden and j. O. Saw
yer there existed a warm friendship
which lasted through many years.
Back in the '50's Mr.. Sawyer, who was
a noted civil engineer, had a contract
with the government to build wagon
road between Fort Riley and Santa Fe,
n. NJ. MAJ. ogden was in command of
the government troops commissioned
TO guard the road builders. for Indians
were plentiful and hostile to the whites
I'm those days, but far more to be
dreaded enemy was soon with them,
for the cholera broke oat in their camp
anu MI 0SNitU was olE Vi TIC III 9b
to succumb to the disease. After his
death the army surgeons became panic
stricken and ran away. All of the com
missioned officers and their wives died
and at one time the death rate reached
as high as so in one day. Mr.. Sawyer
took complete charge of the expedi-
ton, becoming doctor, nurse and COM
mander of the troops, some of which
had already mutinied. Very little was
Known in those days about the treat
ment of the disease; about all they
could do was to deal out quinine: and
after long fight the scourge died out,
leaving but mere handful of men to
return to the fort.
In the year 1856 Mr.. SAWYER deter
mined to mark his friend rest
ing place and shaft of Kiissas gray
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-08-02
Sacred to the Memory
Of
MAJOR EDMUND OGDEN.
Erected by His Friend,
Joseph o. Sawyer.

1t will be recollected that several
years ago the government sent out
surveying parties to find the geograph-
ical center of the United States. These
parties, coming in from different di-
rections. met at the grave of Map Og-
den, and the monument marked the
exact spot they were looking for.
Truly, Truth is stranger than fiction"
1t is situated on an elevation which
can be seen for many miles, and it
seems fitting that the center of this
great country should be marked by
the last resting place of one who gave
ND his life for it and was a promising
pioneer officer of the frontier army
service.
DR. f. o. Sawyer. says the Los An.
geles Herald, has in his possession a
silver mug presented to him by the
major when he was named for him. and
also gold-headed cane which was once
the property of the major and which
was presented by his widow to J. o.
Sawyer at the time the monument was
erected.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-08-02
LEADER OF SCIENCE.
Lord Kelvin and Some of His Great
est Accomplishments.
He Comes from a Family of Mathe-
matIcians and scholars - His
Work in Connection with
the Atlantic Cable.

Lord Kelvin, who is considered the
most distinguished leader in what has
been prominently century of scien-
tific discovery and advancement, has
been visiting the United States as the
guest If George Westinghouse, Of elec-
1ricai fame.
Lore Kelvin, or as he is often termed
the Grand Old Nan Of Science" was
born in ireland in 1924. shortly after
mis- birth his family removed TO Scot
land, and his father, Prof James
Thomson, is remembered by the
alumni Of GLASGOW university as a
skilled teacher Of mathematics. Will
liam Thomson was eight years of age
when his father was appointed TO a
professorship in the university and
two or three years later he began 10 at
tend classes himself His proficiency
I'm mathematics and natural philoso-
ply was early noticeable, but under
ithe careful supervision of his father,
who valued TOO. the "Old Humanities,"
he had the benefit in addition of sound
logical and linguistic training. While
boy he was interested in such sub
jects as the Figure of the Earth" and
''Fourier's Theory Of the Flow of Heat"
While student at Cambridge. Lord
Kelvin was noted for his enthusiastic
participation in all college sports. He
was a fellow at ST. Peters, oxford, and
afterward entered the laboratory of
the famous Regnault in Paris.
In 1916 Lord Kelvin was called TO the
chair of natural philosophy, and from
that day to this the history of his life
work has been the history of the prog
ress of physical science. There is no
department of that science which has
not been enriched and extended by his
discoveries and there is hardly any
theory in dynamics, heat or electricity
of which his theorems, experimental
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-08-02
OUR COAST DEFENSE.
Navy Board Makes Plans for Rem
dering 1t More Effective.
Believe That In some Particulars the
Army Fortifications Are Not
Enough-some Danger of
Friction said TO Exist.

The general board of the navy, of
which Admiral Dewey is president, has
been discussing the plans Of coast Of
Tense and defense to be maintained by
the navy in conjunction with the land
fortificatio and Rear Admiral r. III.
Cooper, who is now on waiting orders
at Morristown, n. j., has been desig-
mated as the officer who viii prepare
the coast line from Chatham light,
Cape Cod. TO Barnegat light, in New
Jersey. This new duty win require a
good deal Of travel along the coast line
embraced in the district, and he is au-
thorized to incur all necessary ex-
penses on such trip.
IT is not the intention Of the naval
general board to interfere with the
plans of defense contemplated by the
army coast Notifications, but the plan
ofthe naval board probably will arouse
the artillery officers of the army to
some objection against what they may
regard as an interference with the
legitimate duties Of the army
There has always been more or less
rivalry between the two services in the
matter Of defending the coast, but Ad-
miral Dewey and his associates on the
general board believe that the coast
forts do not provide all the defense
which is necessary. In Chesapeake
bay, for instance, there are no fortifi-
cations which would serve to keep out
an enemy's vessel, and much the same
condition prevails in Delaware bay and
Long Island sound.
The board has made a report to the
secretary of the navy suggesting in
general terms that the department
possess itself of plan of offense and
defense which shall contemplate the
movement of naval vessels of all
classes. from the smallest torpedo boat
to the largest battleships, taking into
consideration as well the use of the
submarine torpedo vessels. 1t is with
the idea of preparing plan in detail
along the coast from Chatham light
10 Barnegat light that Rear Admiral
Cooper has been designated. His let
ter of instructions will be regarded as
confidential matter, but II is known
that in general terms he is specially
cautioned not to overstep the line
which divides the naval from the shore
system of defense. Nevertheless the
artillery officers are likely to regard
the incident of Rear Admiral Cooper's
detail as an encroachment on the func-
tion of their arm.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-08-02
The Children of Drunkards.

A noted physician of Paris asserts
that it is impossible for an habitual
drunkard to have sound children.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-08-02
Three Grade. Of Mankind

Henry Thomas Buckles thoughts
and conversations were always on a
high level Once he remarked: "Men
and women range themselves into
three classes or orders of intellt-
gence; you can tell the lower class BY
their habit of always talking about
persons; the next by the fact thar
their habit is always to converse
about things; the highest by their
preference for the discussion of
IDEAS"
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-08-02

Patti had a terrible shock this week
at Paris. Some one sent her from
Mentone box containing three snakes.
each about yard long. She thought
she was getting nice present, and
on opening the box and seeing nothing
but dry grass, confidently ran her hand
TO the bottom into a cold, Shiny. wrig
Cling mass. She uttered a cry ano ran
into another room, and was hysterical
for two hours. The snakes escaped
and crawIed about under the furniture
until finally they were killed On ex.
animation it was found that they were
not poisonous reptiles.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-08-02
Long sitting of Parliament.

The longest recorded sitting of the
British house of commons was in 1881
On Monday, January 81, 1881, the house.
having met at 3:45. continued sitting
until Wednesday at 9:30-a continu.
Gus sitting of upward of 41h hours.
The next longest sitting occurred in
1877. On Tuesday, July 81, 1877. the
house, having met at 3;45, continued
sitting until Wednesday afternoon at
6:15. a period 81 26R hours.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-08-02
Ready to Meet His Fate

Harry Hill, of Louisville, Ky, was to
be married to an old sweetheart, at
English, Ind. He missed the train, and
was two hours late. When he arrived,
his intended bride had just been mar
ried TO another man. a little thing
like that did not long depress Harry,
who was determined TO secure wife,
so he announced his desire to one Of
the wedding guests, young lady he
had long known, and they were mar
ried that evening.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-08-02

Emperor William says that when
German can look into the eyes of the
empress he ought to have Inspiration
enough TO last him lifetime How
nice it must he. remarks the Chicago
Record Herald, for her if the emperor
talks like that when company is not
present.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-08-02
Refrigeration for consumptive..

A Russian medical man proposes TO
establish a sanitarium for consump.
4ives in the polar regions. He has OBJ
served that the members of explora-
ton parties returning from the polar
regions are always in perfect health.
owing to the purity of the air and COM
plete absence of all harmful microbes
In the polar regions bronchitis,
iaryngitis, influenza and other conta-
gious diseases are unknown
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-08-02
cupid,s Triumph Over N,,.s

BY getting married in Chicago Pio-
ter Rybarczyk and Maryanna Staas-
zynska. Boleslaw Werbaachowski and
Jozefa Czajkowsky, and Anton
Brzcywski and Anna Joziinska have,
says the Chicago Record Herald sue
ceeded in simplifying matters little,
anyway.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-08-02

stone was erected. 1t is % feet high
and has seven-foot base, and bears
the following inscription:
The Dolores star., 1902-02-07
GREAT GALE ON THE ATLANTIC.
Shipping at New York Has a Hard Ex
perience.

New York. Feb. 3.-Since sundown
to-day gale has been blowing contin.
uously ut Sandy Hook, at times the
wind reached the rate of over sixty
miles an hour. The sea outside and in
the New York lower bay is extremely
rough. The steam pilot boat New
York, which is used to any weather.
came in and anchored under the lee of
the highlands.
The electric-lighted buoys marking
Gedney channel and the southwest spit
We're purposcly cxtinguished tonight
owing TO the heavy sea grounding the
cables. On account of their Interrupt
ton the French line steamer L'Aqui-
taine, from Havre. and the Hamburg
American line steamer Phoenicia. from
Hamburg and Boulogne, each carrying
many passengers, We're forced TO an
chor outside of the Sandy Hook bar
where they are having rough ride to-
night
The big new freighter Drechenfeld,
bound to Savannah, was forced TO an
chor in Sandy Hook bay. her captain
not daring 10 risk putting to sea in
face of such a terrible wind and with
out guidance of the channel lights.
An ocean-going tug with two coal
barges was forced to anchor her tow
under the lee of the highlands. as she
could make no headway against the
gale and the barges were in danger of
being blown seaward.
The Dolores star., 1902-02-07
COAL MINERS KILLED.
Large Number Of Men Lose Their
Lives in Mexico.

st. Louis, Feb. 3.>A special to the
Globe Democrat from San Antonio
Texas. says:
Eighty-five miners killed and seven
ty-tive more buried under debris is the
fearful record made by dust eXplo-
sion at the Hondo coal mines in Mex
leo, news Of which was received here
tonight.
AT the time of the explosion there
Were 1GO miners at work in the mine,
all of whom We're entombed by the
shaft being choked up by falling earth
and stone loOsened by the explosion.
Just how many are dead is not at this
time known, but at last accounts re-
ceived here by wire tonight. eighty-five
dead bodies had been recovered. 1t is
feaced that the death list will be great
ly over 100
The Hondo mines are located at Goa
hula, at the terminus of a branch of
the Mexican International Railroad,
about 100 miles south of Eagle Pass,
and are the most important in that
state. Details of the disaster are pea-
ger, no names of victims being
learned here.
The Dolores star., 1902-02-07
Relics Unearthed in Russia.

st. Petersburg, FEB. 3.-The most
interesting remains of the ancient Sar-
nations ever discovered have been I'M
earthed on the banks of the Rosi riv-
er, province of Kieff. At depth of
two meters were found traces of an
cient incineration, and near several
charrel bones was picked up a smooth.
thick ornament of golden wire, on
which was represented scene, with
n number of typical figures.
In the foreground sits n woman in q
high-backed chair, holding n round
mirror in her left hand. In her right
hand is n cup from which bearded,
kneeling warrior is drinking wine. He
Is armed with bow and sword. Be-
hind there are a musician, with Tyre;
youth pouring wine into cup held
by another youth, priest. in long gar
ments, with sword held in readiness
to sacrifice sheep, and n figure with a
fan. The work is crude, but there are
traces in it Of Greek influence.
The Dolores star., 1902-02-07
sIDpLE BROTHERS DIE.
Mrs. Stafford. Who Released Them,
May Recover,

Butler. Pa, Feb. 3.-.At the close OF
day of intense excitement and many
conflicting stories concerning the
chances for life of the wounded Biddle
brothers and Mrs. Kate Soffel, the un-
expected has happened. John Biddle.
who until late yeste.viy afternoon was
considered the more likely Of the
brothers TO escape present death, sue
cumbed mt 4 :35 p. III. Ed Biddle died
Mt II p. III. Mrs. Soffel developed
symptoms of pneumonia. after having
come safely through an operation this
morning for the extraction of the bull
let
The death Of Jack Biddle was caused
by the bullet wounds in his abdomen
and bladder. Early in the day the
physicians thought peritonitis was the
principal danger in his case. but last
night internal hemorrhagc set in and
the man bled To death in short while,
John declared before his death that he
and his brother had not Killed Grocer
khaney. the crime for which they
Were to have been hanged
One of the sensational developments
of the day. which the authorities tried
To keep secret. was the finding on the
person of Mrs Soffel. when searched at
the hospital. of n long letter from Ed
Biddle. setting forth in detail the plan
for the escape OF the brothers from Jail.
naming their destination afterward.
etc.
Mrs. Dietrich. her mother. visited her
yesterday and in response to the qucs.
tion as to whether there was anything
she wanted done. she replied:
There is nothing To do, nothing To
do
Tossing on her bed, she said: "Oh. !
do not know how l could have done it:
| don't know; | don't know. am
wicked woman. but I hope God will
spare my life for many years to live
down this thing"
The Dolores star., 1902-02-07
DAMAGED NiekeIs Are Good.

st. Louis, Feb. 3.-"Smooth" nickels
must be accepted at their face value,
according to decision rendered by
Judge Ryan in the Circuit Court in the
case of John F. Ruth, who was award
ed $1,000 against the st. Louis Transit
Company for being elected from car,
arrested and locked up over night be-
cause he rendered worn coin. Judge
Ryan said:
There is no such thing, as assumed
by defendants, as a nickel Of less than
full face value. A gold coin may be
worth less than Its face value because
of abrasion or loss of weight, but this
is not true of nickel. l think the
carrier should be held to the rule that il
1t elects passenger who tenders a
good coin in payment, 1t does SO at its
peril"
The Dolores star., 1902-02-07
The eoer Problem.

London, Feb. 3.-The Hague cor
respondent Of the Daily Mali says that
Hollond intends to remodel her offers
concerning peace in South Africa, and
to renew diplomatic Representations to
Great Britain. DIR. Kuyper, the Dutch
premier, says the correspondent, has
strong continental backing, and the ne
gotiations are likely to be prolonged.
Rudyard Kipling, who arrived at
Cape Town January 8th, in letter to
a friend in England, again protests
emphatically against any amnesty be-
ing granted the rebels, which he feare
from the attitude of the home people
may be done. Mr.. Kipling declares 1t
is a question of life or death for the
colony.
The Dolores star., 1902-02-07
In Dear Old London.

A well-known New Yorker. who re-
Gently returned from London, says
that he had a funny experience there.
He was stopping at family hotel that
had a wheezy elevator, or lift" as the
English call 1t.
His room was on the third floor and
he used the "lift" several times every
day. After he had been stopping at
the hotel about four days he discov-
cred one morning n neatly written sign
posted up alongside the elevator shaft
on his floor. The sign read:
"Guests will please walk downstairs,
as the lift is only used for ascending"
New York Times.