davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Jennings daily record., 1902-05-27

Prof. L. r. Taft, of the Michigan
Experiment Station, reports on four
of the leading varieties of red rasp-
berries, as follows:
Miller-This is one of the first varie-
ties to ripen and for some localities In
Michigan it is the best of the early
kinds. The plants are vigorous and
quite productive. The fruit is sweet
and OF good quality.
Marlboro-Ths best early variety for
this section. Plant vigorous and pro-
ductive. Fruit good in quality. Fruits
over long season.
Cuthbert-An old, well-known var1-
ETY. and ordinarily the most reliable
and profitable red raspberry grown.
The fruit has a vinous flavor. The
plants are vigorous and very produc-
tive. No other red raspberry In the
station collection has made SO good q
showing year after year as the Cuth-
bert
Golden Queen-A golden yellow var
iety belonging to the same species as
the red sorts. Very similar to Cuth-
bert in growth OF plant and in shape
and size of fruit. This berry is OF
very good quality and for home use
1t is considered desirable. Should not
be planted for market.
The Jennings daily record., 1902-05-27
Testing Russian waterm.lons.

S. H. Fulton. in charge Of the sub;
station at South Haven, Michigan. re-
ports: Last Spring seeds of 81 varie-
ties Of watermelons were received for
trial from the Department of Agricul-'
ture, Washington, D. G. Quite large
proportion of these new varieties came
from Russia and other European coun-
tries. The seed was planted May 29,
in sandy loan we'll enriched with wood
ashes and stable manure. With few
exceptions the seeds terminated, and
the plants grew thriftily. The first
melons ripened about the 18th of Au-
gust. A few of the later kinds failed
to mature before the close OF the sea-
son. Nearly all varieties bore small
melons and the quality in most in
stances was not very good. A number
of kinds had light-colored flesh vary
ing from creamy white to orange yell
low. few varieties proved to be
winter kinds. The latter We're all OF
small size and had hard gourd-like
shells. The quality OF most of the
later-ripening kinds was no doubt
much impaired by cold, wet weather
in September
The Jennings daily record., 1902-05-27
QQlQ IPx !
! s: ':Saz
~ EAl -


From Farmers Review: In answer
to the first query of Mr.. Phelps. the
powders administered to turkeys for
intestinal worms are not a preventive.
Some worm remedies, like arecanut,
may kill the tapeworms and thus cause
their removal, cut they are not pre-
ventive
Second. To my knowledge very lit
tie true experimentation has been
done with worm remedies upon tur-
keys OF fowls of any description. and
little is known about 1t.
Third. The life history OF tape
worms in turkeys is not known and
the special secondary host in which
the young tapeworms may spend the
larval portion of their existence Is still
in doubt.
Such is the nature OF parasitic in
vasions of fowls and turkeys and such
the intricacies Of the investigation
that it will be long before any ade.
quate Investigation Is made. You may
assure your correspondent that para
sites, however, may be diminished IN
number by the care that he takes Of
his turkeys. In the first place, the
hens should be set, If possible, upon
grounds that have not been freQuentee
to great extent by them. if at all
The coops Of the turkeys that are uset
for the first few days should be moved
rather frequently. The little ones has
best be fed outside the pen that holds
the mother or preferably they shoult
be fed In separate pen into which
the hen could not get. AS soon a,
they begin to be able to run arouns
to any great extent I believe that the!
should be either taken to another fiels
or at least not allowed to frequent thu
places where the larger turkeys ar,
most apt to be. Fields that were IL
cultivation during the last year would
probably be more free from contami
nation than others. I do not know
that your correspondent has such q
practice but I regard the feeding Of
turkeys near the house as a means OF
concentrating the infection and ena-
bling the young turkeys to get more
OF it.
/ have written above that the para
sites the tapeworms necessarily have
some secondary host in which they
spend their larval existences. It Is
quite probable that these larvae come
from the old tapewormS in the tuC-
keys 1t is quite evident therefore
that II we try to prevent the old tur-
keys having so many parasites and
handling them SO that the chances OF
their communicating them are less,
they viii be handled in the best man
ner. That Is to say. If the chances Of
the secondary host becoming infected
are reduced, the chances of the young
turkeys becoming infected will be re-
duced. Medication of the old turkeys
before setting with any successful
remedy would help toward this end
Cooper Curtice, Biologist Rhode Island
Experiment Station
The Jennings daily record., 1902-05-27
Bacteria In sepArator slime.


It has not been generally thought
that centrifugal separation had any
particular bearing on the bacterial
content of milk. Recently, however,
Prof. c. H. Eckels of the IowsAAgri-
cultural college has demonstrated that
separation does really remove very
large percentage of such bacteria. The
germ contents of eight lots of milk
were determined, and the lots then
run through the separator. The result
was that of all the germs in the milk
at first, AZ per cent appeared in the
separator slime. The skimmilk con-
tanned % per cent only of the germs
in the original whole milk. That left
only "a per cent in the cream. 1t will
thus be seen that the cream is much
richer in bacterial life than is the
whole milk or even the skim-milh
Though the skim-miIk contained 29
per cent of the bacteria in the whole
milk. it must be remembers that the
cream is much less in bulk than the
skim-milk. Relatively the cream by
centrifugal separation has about 20
times as many bacteria as does the
same bulk of skim milk.
The Jennings daily record., 1902-05-27
@
{AGRICULIUREl
amsaze - ealszzas}S }Sah
.ElE}
some Points on Grasses.

Bromus inermis is good grass Tor
! dry situations. 1t has this against 1t.
that it grows in punches, and the seed
is very expensive. We have seen 1t
succeeding well at the Wisconsin sta
| ton. 1t grows we'll In light, sandy
soil, but is not averse to clay SOIL
Some seedsmen advise sowing ~
pounds to the acre. Seed catalogues
list the seed at 80 cents per pound IN
pound lots to S15 per 100 pound lots.
Bermuda grass is used extensively
in the Southern States, but is not con-
sidered hardy in the North. 1t is be
lieved, however. that it will do we'll
for the purpose of soil binding even
in the sections of the country where
it freezes down to the ground. 1t
weighs 35 pounds to the bushel.
Rhode Island Bent Grass (Agrostis
Caneria) is one OF the best for lawns
as it makes a good turf. 1t weighs ii
pounds to the bushel.
Creeping Bent Grass tAgrostis Sto-
lonifera) is a lawn grass Of hne tex
ture. AS its name indicates, 1t roots
from the stalks. Its weight Is ="
pounds to the bushel.
Kentucky Blue Grass (Poa Praten-
sis) is also called June Grass ana
Meadow Grass. 1t Is valuable both Tor
pastures and lawns. 1t grows from
early spring till late fall but is best
during the early part OF the season.
1t should not be sown alone Tor pas
trre as it does not yield large amount
of forage after maturity. 1t is good
drouth resister 1t is slow in getting
established but once established,
persists 1t weighs IA pounds to the
buShei
Canada Blue Grass (Poa compressa)
Is much like Kentucky blue grass out
is preferable in the more northeflV
parts of the United States and III Can
ada 1t is fiat stemmed grass and mas
creeping root stocks. Its weight Is IA
pounds OF seed 10 the bushel.
The Jennings daily record., 1902-05-27

Celery is such a delicacy that 1t
should be in the garden of every farm
home. Probably more than any other
crop it is left to professional growers
The result Is that there are many farm
tables on which it never appears. 1t
requires a cool moist soil, well en-
ricned, and must not be permitted to
suffer from drouth. Its natural soil is
found in lowlands, where the subsoil
is never reached by the roots of the
plants. Celery should be sown in a
seed bed in the spring to give it good
start for the summer crop. Seed fof
the late fall crop may be sown out of
doors in May. Where there is a water
supply in reach by a hose the growing
OF celery is easy. The land should be
treated to a good dressing OF manure
yearly. unless naturally very rich.
High land is seldom suitable for the
growing Of this plant unless it is deep
~ plOwed, well manured and thor
oughly pulveriZed. Reclaimed marshes
are the places indicated by nature for
the growing of celery, but it can be
grown in almost any well cultivated
garden.
The Jennings daily record., 1902-05-27
Fruit Notes.

There are but few reports of injury
20 early deciduous fruits in California
by frosts during the season thus far,
and no reports of serious damage.
Nearly all varieties were somewhat
late in blossoming, which Is greatly in
favor OF good crops, and unless heavy
frusts should occur within the next
few weeks these fruits may be consid-
cred safe for an unusually heavy yield.
Citrus fruits are in good condition.
Fruit prospects in West Virginia.
with the exception of peaches, which
are reported to be killed in some ccun-
ties. are excellent.
Correspondents in few OF the south
ern counties of Missouri report that
peaches have not been greatly injured
and there will probably be few in
other sections. The early varieties are
now in bloom in the extreme southern
counties. Apples promise q good crop,
but 1t is believed that in most sections
small fruits will be light, owing TO the
drouth last season.
Citrus trees in Florida have passed
through the winter in good condition.
A good bloom is in evidence, and the
outlook is promising. Pineapples are
very satisfactory.
The Jennings daily record., 1902-05-27
Planting Trees

Bulletin 80, Oklahoma Experiment
Station: The soil in which trees are
to be planted should be given as thor
Ough preparation as for any other crop.
1t should be plowed TO a depth of at
least eight inches and firmed down iB
repeated harrowings. Where trees afe
to be planted for shade the holes
should be dug large and deep, three
feet each way is not too large, and
filled III with surface soil to the depth
at which the trees are to be set. This
work should be done as long as pos
sible before the time for planting the
trees, and IL now, the soil that is
filed into the holes should be satura-
ted with water before setting the trees.
Trees that do not have good roots
should not be set where they will be
exposed to the direct force of the wind.
When transplanting. set the roots at
about the same depth as that at which
they grew naturally, and press the soil
firmly about the roots. This is a very
important point and frequently neg
lected.
The Jennings daily record., 1902-05-27

The scientists are gradually getting
down to the foundation of the problem
Of protein consumption. AT St. An
thongs Park a number of tests have
been made to determine the amount of
protein necessary to keep mich COW
in good condition One experiment
was carried on for S4 days. and in it
wheat was compared with barley and
corn. The twelve COWS used weighed
on an average 954 pounds. The aver
age amount of food eaten was 24.30
pounds. This food contained 2.01
pounds of protein, 1908 pounds of car
bohydrstes and O.53 pounds of fat.
These cows were all giving milk at
the time, and it was found that 1.S5
pounds of this protein was used in the
making of milk. 1t was therefore cal
culated that 0.66 pounds was used for
maintenance of body. The milk pro-
duced amounted to 2G.96 pounds daily,
containing Al of butter fat. 1t will,
therefore. be seen that about one-twen-
tieth of pound of protein was con-
sumed for every pound OF milk pro-
duced.
The Jennings daily record., 1902-05-27
Some Expert ConcIusiops.

Prof. T. L. Hacker, as the results of
some feeding experiments, publishes
the following conclusions: Cows giving
ordinary yields of milk and butter fat
do not require the amount of protein
called for in the standard rations
The amount Of milk a COW gives daily
and its fat content measures the
amount of protein the animal requires
over and above what is needed for
maintenance. There is limit to the
milk and butter fat producing capacity
Of COW at any given time. Feeding
more protein than she needs for this
production and for her own support is
of no advantage. The excess of pro-
tein, with the corresponding excess of
the other nutrients will tend to cause
her to lay on flesh and thereby shrink
In milk fiow
The Jennings daily record., 1902-05-27

A peculiar thing happened few
days ago not far from Manaia. A
lady, while engaged milking her cows
took long hat pin from her hat and
sticking it through a handkerchief
placed the two upon post. Shortly
afterward a valuable COW happened %
see the handkerchief which she forth
with devoured swallowing the long
pin at the same time Next day the
animal swelled up very considerably
and appeared to be il pain, so the
butcher was sent for to despatch her.
Fortunately the man could not go then
and next day the COW had completely
recovered and was back 70 her normal
milking point, SO that the owner OF
the cow was by pure good fortune pre-
vented from losing few pounds.
How the cow succeeded in getting rid
of the huge pin is mystery-but she
did.-Witness tNew zealand(.
The Jennings daily record., 1902-05-27
GeslatIon OF Swine.

Sows vary about IS DAYS in the time
of carrying their pigs. AS general
thing young sows farrow earlier than
old sows. About 100 days is the short
est time in which healthy young SO"
should farrow. Some young sows carry
their pigs for 105 or 106 days. with
old sows there is variation OF haro-
ly more than three days. The least
time healthy, mature SOW should
carry her pigs ia 1l2 days This ma!
be extended to lis days. Old so"s
that are strong and vigorous carry
their pigs little longer than soWt
that are only in fair flesh and vigor
The advantage seems to be with the
SOW that carries her pigs longest
The Jennings daily record., 1902-05-27

The arrangements in the main poGI
try house are of the best, and show
an appreciation Of the fact that the
successful running of q poultry estah-
lishment requires that all the labor
saving devices possible be adopted.
The windows are double glazed to
keep out the cold in winter and swing
from the top. The roosts are all ad-
Unstable. and are mounted OF metal
standards in cups OF oil. No lice can
by any possibility pass from the hens
TO the floor or from the floor to the
hens. Between the two points are
impossible pools OF OIL This will be,
appreciated by our poultry readers
that have had to fight lice year in and
year out. The roosts il use consist OF
two-by-fours. sides up. Mr.. Johnston
says he would prefer roosts only three
inches wide f he could get them. as
that width is more suited to the feet
of the hens. The nests are under the
roosts in closed boxes. and under the
nest boxes are boxes about eight
inches high. This is the basis of q
scheme to prevent the hens from get
ting into their drinking water. The
vessel is at a good height for the pur-
pose of allowing the hens to drink
out of it, but the distance from Its top
to the bottom of the nest box above is
only about four inches and this makes
it impossible for biddy to use it for
bathine her feet
The floors of the poultry house are
well adapted to keep out moisture and
rodents. There is a board floor some
distance above the ground, and on this
floor is a layer of eight inches of sand
This sand is cleaned two or three
times q year by running it through q
wire screen Of fine mesh The sand
does not appear to get filthy. On top
of this is a thin layer of chaff, into
which the grain is thrown. This is
done in the morning, the soft feed be-
ing fed the last thing at night. Mr..
Johnston used to feed the soft feed in
the morning, but found the birds stood
around too much for some hours after
breakfast. He wanted them to work
more so he reversed his order of feed
ing.
Mr.. Johnston has come to the con-
clusion that windows in the roofs are
not advisable. Believing them to be
the proper thing he used them in the
roof Of his brooder house. The result
was that during much of the winter
time the houses were dark on account
of the windows being covered with ice
or snow. In the warm days of fall and
spring the objection is also that the
sun pours in and raises the tempera-
ture to too high point, the thermom-
eter in building sometimes registering
as high as 120 degrees. He will dis
card these windows for side windows
The Jennings daily record., 1902-05-27

A bulletin of the Oregon station dis
cusses silos and silage. A number OF
analyses of silage made for the pur-
pose of determining its acidity are
given in tables. 1t was found that the
liquid constituents of immature clover
containing 1914 per cent of moisture
We're lost to a certain extent by ooZ-
Ing out at the bottom of the silo. A
chemical analysis of this eXudate
showed a protein content OF 1.13 per
cent. In one experiment water was
added to clover silage approximately
at the rate of one gallon per 100
pounds of material, to determine its
influence on the acidity and the pro-
tein content. The loss of dry matter
and the degree OF acidity We're greatest
in the moiStened siiage. 1t is coDsid-
cred that acidity and loss of dry mat
ter, which occurs ir carbohv vdrates and
allied substances go hand in hand.
1mmaturity Of the plants and extreme
compactness of the silage favor the
development OF organic acids.
The Jennings daily record., 1902-05-27

Seed oats should be treated Win the
formula dip before being scwn. Inc
following communication Will be OF
interest to our Ohio readers:
The Experiment Station has no Pc
cuniarv interest in commercial Tran
sactions but an easy and reasonable
ACQUISITION of the formalin may ad-
vance the stations teachings. Learn
ing that some have been unable TO pui-
chase formalin near at home the sta
tion has arranged to have local drug
firms fill orders at the following rates
il orders are sent to the Experiment
Station. II is preferred that purchases
be made at home. One or bottle OF
formalin by mail. 15 cents; OF. bottle
by mail. % cents; OF. Sottle by mali,
80 cents, postage in all cases prepaid.
BY express half pound Of formalln, 80
cents: one pound, or pint, forma'ln'
40 cents. expressage paid by recipient.
Remittances should he made 10 the
station The station botarist is also
director OF this line Of experiments IN
the Agricultural Student Union ot
Ohio. and Will be able to supply for-
malin upon agreements to conduct eX-
periments and report results to one or
more persons in each township OF the
state. Applications in this line for eX-
pertinent may be addressed TO the
station botanist. Other requests, re-
mittances or inquiries should be ad-
dressed to the Experiment Station,
Wooster Ohio.
The Jennings daily record., 1902-05-27

Smut is caused by fungus parasites
that grow within the grain plant,
eventually destroying the SEED OF the
affected plant and communicating the
seed of the healthy plants by the scat
terine of spores largely during the
rpening period Of the grain. The dust
like spores when dry are readily blown
70 adjoining plants, or. coming IN dl-
rect contact with the healthy ones, in
ocuiate their neighbors. which in turn
continue to propagate the species. the
smut spores do not live over the win
ter in the ground, but are killed
through frost or inclemenL weather.
The smut affecting the crop lives dur
ing the winter as spores on the seed
grain. and begin their deadly work
shortly after the seed is sown. The
affected oat plant makes a siclly
growth and generally heads lower and
somewhat later in the season than the
healthy plants: therefore, the extent
of the crop is not noticed by casual
observation. 1t is largely due to these
facts that smut has been able to in
wade the oat. fields unnoticed by the
farmer and has gained a strong foot
hold.-Bulletin 81, University OF Wis
rDpSin
The Jennings daily record., 1902-05-27
1Ezk<.Sizae


At this season of the year complaints
are numerous from sheep owners re-
garding q sickness of their pregnant
ewes that they do not understand. The
sheep drop behind Jose appetite, stretch,
lie down fiat, then rise, stretch and lie
down again and die in a few days. We
have attributed all of these cases to
the feeding of dry folders without
succulent food of some sort to keep the
bowels properly open, but we now md
that there is in almost every case nod
ular disease of the intentines," which
is due to the worm known as oesopha-
gastoma columbianum. The character
lstlcs of the presence of this parasite
are small greenish Jumps or lunches
upon the lining of the small 1ntestfnee
and while thousands of apparently
healthy sheep are killed at the large
slaughter houses showing the presence
or these nodules and no i'll results
from them, there can be no doubt that
in ewes at least they cause complica-
tions which kill in many instances.
We have advised in these columns that
pregnant ewes should be fed upon sue
cNient foods along with the best OF
hay and some grain such as crushed
oats and bran Or oilmeal, but some
times there is need of medicine, and
this is the case when symptoms such as
those mentioned above are seen. Al
Arkansas correspondent writes that he
has had the best of success since he
commenced giving zenoleum for this
complaint and now he gives it as
preventative. When sheep are seen to
be i'll he gives one teaspoonful or even
more for very large sheep and mikes
it in three tabiespoonfuls of milk. This
is given as a drench and is to be re-
peated in "a hours and again in 4s
hours if the first two doses are not
effective. but as rAa there is no need
OF giving more tina y ,wo doses, accord
ing to his experience. He says that hs
has given, this treatment to pregnant
ewes some time prior to parturition,
and when done carefully there need be
no loss of lambs as the medicine is
harmless and the only danger is from
struggling or rough handling OF the
ewes. We hope that our readers will
give this treatment a trial in addition
TO giving the change OF food as sus-
gested.
The Jennings daily record., 1902-05-27
Ma ting Young Gilts-

The time for the mating OF young
gifts depends upon their individuality
If they are inclined to become leggy
they should be mated SO as to farrow
their first litter by the time they are
one year old. On the other hand, IL
they are undersized they should not
farrow until they are at least fourteen
months OF age. In order to secure a
successful farrow the brood SOW
should receive considerable attention
from now on, and whether she will be
successful or not depends upon the
feed, care and attention given her. II
she has received a liberal feed of
shorts and bran, with a feed Of roots
occasionally, and has had access to
salt and ashes at all times. and re-
ceived plenty of exercise, there is no
reason why she should not produce a
strong, vigorous litter OF pigs.-O r.
Aney.
The Jennings daily record., 1902-05-27

A speaker at a Nebraska institute
said: The critical time with the brood
SOW is the first two weeks after she
xarrows. Many pigs are lost by over
feeding the mother with corn and CIV
ing chilling drinks, which produce in
digestion and fever. Don't be in too
much Of a hurry to get the porkers to
market, and in your desire to see them
start for that point kill half the crop
and stunt the balance by overfeeding
the dam. Above all things, keep your
SOW bedded with clean. dry straw and
give them all the sunlight possible
damp nests are fatal to young litters.
Exercise is absolutely necessary for
young pigs, especially If the saw suck
les well; In this way preventing
thumps, which carries off the finest Of
the litter. We never saw case Of
thumps where the SOW and pigs had
exercise enough. The better the SOW
the greater the danger of loss from
thumps, and the more need of exercise.
Taken in time, we consider there is
less danger from thumps than colds
and scours; this trouble can easily be
brought on by just one overfeeding
OF the SOW or young pigs; guard
against this by not overlooking the
COW for the first ten days after farrow-
ing.