davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
coaxing the Ralnt1rops.

Some interesting experiments for
the artificial production of rain by
means of electricity have been car
ried out in Japan. The probability Of
greater success being obtained by this
means In lieu of the system of deto-
mating explosives in the upper air
strata has often been advocated by
scientists. This attempt by the Japa-
nese. however, is the first practical
effort to prove the truth of this theory
and 1t was attended with conspicuous
success. The trials were made by the
F'ukushima prefecture Operations
were commenced at II in the evening,
but there was no sign of atmospheric
change until o'clock next morning,
when cluster of clouds was observ-
ed over the hill on which the expert
ment was held At length rain be-
gan to fall, followed by a second fall
at IL a. m. and afterward a third,
fourth and fifth, the last being about
$3.50 in the evening. The area upon
which the rain fell extended over
many miles. AS a single experiment
Of this description is scarcely conclu-
sive, the scientists who carried out
these particular trials propose to re-
peat them, with a view to establish
ing the feasibility of the ldea.-Scien-
tifc American.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
To Organize Colored Men.

President Joseph w. Morton of the
international Brotherhood of Station
ary Firemen has submitted to the ex-
ecutive board of that organization
proposition for organizing the colored
workmen in the south. The racial
prejudice, which is strong in the
South, has hitherto prevented the
white and colored workmen from fra
ternizing in one local union, and the
laws of the organization forbid the
granting of charters to more than one
local union in any city except by
special dispensation. This has barred
out the colored workmen to a great ex-
tent, an. Mr.. Morton says applications
are now in the national o1sce for fif-
teen charters for colored unions in the
South. He proposes to have the con-
stitution changed so that each city in
the South may be granted two char
tiers. one for the white men and one
fog the colored workmen.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
Found Signals at Sea

According to the Yacht the follow
ing conclusions respecting sound sig
nails at sea have been reached by Brit
ish experts:
(1) In calm weather low notes are
heard further than high; but the re-
verse is true when the sea is rough
and when the wind is opposite in di-
rection to the direction from which
the sound arrives. 1t sometimes hap,
pens that the sound Of the ii is
much weakened, or even ext--oulsned
in certain region, while other areas.
moro distant even, hear the signal.
This phenomenon has been especially
noted during calm weather.
(2) To hear a signal during fogs
1t is advisable to stop all noises on
the listening vessel. 1t is better TO
stop the ships engines.
90 Under no condition is sound
signal always certain. 1t is, there
fore, to be considered only as an aux
iliary warning.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
Ears of Insects.


A favorite question with geological
examiners used to be that which de
manded of the student demonstra-
ton Of the ears of lobster. The
hearing organs of that interesting
crustacean are situated in the base
Joints of the lesser pair of feelers
which it bears on it's head. 1t is very
different with certain insects, class
by no means distantly related to the
crustacean group. In the grasshop-
per and locust tribe, for example, the
ears exist on the body segments, or
may be found on the legs, while tho
functions of hearing has been attrib-
uted in the ants to certain little pr
jections on their feelers. In the bees
1t has been believed that membrane
which exists between the fifth and
sixth joints Of the back represented
the ear. Now IN English scientist
suggests that this structure is really
a scent-producing organ. This writer
further asserts the belief that bees
are incapable of distinguishing sounds
and only respond to the familiar
hum" or buzz"
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
IL in Missouri.

William Anderso... commissioner Of
labor of Missouri, has just issued the
twenty third annual report and while.
in general sense, the work assigned
state labor commissioners is to collect
and publish information concerning
condition of labor, this report con-
tains much general information and
an array OF facts concerning trade
unions and the conditions of employ
ment in Missouri that will not only
enlighten and interest the general
public, but create a higher regard for
the state labor bureaus than has hith-
erto been displayed.
The law creating the bureau of Ia
Dor statistics and inspection in Mis-
souri, covers a greater scope and wider
field of investigation than that of
probably any other state, and the
present commissioner has compiled
and tabulated his information in such
manner as to be handy for refer.
ence.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01

and the burner. Surrounding the end
OF the service pipe above the key is
metal cup containing heavy liquid,
preferably mercury or glycerine. In
verted in this cup is bell having YER
teal sides and Hanged rim at the
bottom. The bell rests on a vacuum
ring floating on the liquid, while an
outer vacuum ring prevents undue
lateral play to the float. The cap
which covers the cup simply protects
the liquid from the accumulation Of
dirt and does not prevent the free YER
tical movement of the tube which car
ries the burner. AS soon as the gas
is turned on the bell rises distance
corresponding to the amount of pres
sure, thus supporting the burner on
cushion of gas, and when not burn
ing the whole weight is carried by the
float ring. In either case all vibration
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
Victory for Labor Unions.

The question whether or not mem
pers of labor union have the right
to decline to work with non-union
men and to order strike, to have such
right respected, was determined in the
affirmative by the court of appeals
in a decision handed down in the
case Of the National Protective Asso-
citation of Steamftters and Plumbers
against James NJ. Cumming and Pat
rick J. Duff, as president and treas
urer of the Enterprise Association,
implicated with others.
The court is divided in It's decision.
the prevailing opinion being written
by Chief Justice Parker and concurred
in by Justices Gray, o'Brien and
Haight.
It was dissented from by Judges
Bartlett, Martin and Vann.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
sing q SONG.

SAnk SOuSs Htt
II ynu'll sing SOM as you go along
In the face OF the real or the fancied
wrong.
In spite Of the doubt If you'll fight It out
And show a heart that is brave and
stout;
II you'n laugh at the jeers and refuse the
tears.
You'll force the ever reluctant cheers
That the world denies when a coward
cries,
To give to the man who bravely tries,
And you'll win success with a little
II you'll sing the song as you go along!
II you'll sing song as you plod along,
Will catch the strain of the glad refrain;
That the sun will follow the binding
That the clouds will Fly from the black
ened sky:
That the stars will come out by and by.
And you'll make new friends, till hope
descends
From where the placid rainbow bends.
And all because of little song
II you'll sing the song as you plod along!
II you'll sing song as you trudge along,
You'll see that the singing will make you
strong,
And the heavy load and the ragged road
And the sting and the stripe of the tor
tuous goad
Will soar with the note that you set
af1oat:
That the beam will change to a trifiing
mote;
That the world is bad when you are sad,
And bright and beautiful when glad,
That all you need is a little song
If you'll sing the song as you trudge
along!
-R. McClain Fields in Philadelphia
Times.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
Arrange Scale of wages.

The Federal Labor Union of Breese
ILL.,, has arranged a scale of wages and
hours with the consent of the various
trades and the employers to take eff
feet April /, as follows: Eight hours
shall constitute day Common la
borers, 1874 cents per hour; mechanic
labor, 21% cents per hour; teamsters
for livery stables, $35 per month and
board and washing; plasterers, 31A
cents per hour; painters, rs cents per
hour; swheelers and temperers at brick
yard, SITE per 5000; molders. s215
per day, and other laborers around
the brick yard, $1.50 per day.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
Moss on North Side of rree.9

Every schoolboy who respects him
self knows that all the story books OF
Pathfnders and Indian scouts agree in
saying that the moss grows on the
north side of trees and that Indians
thread their way through the track
less forest by remembering this rule.
Every observant man of mature age
knows by experience that the rule is
chiefly exceptions. 1t has remained
for Mr.. Henry Kraemer OF Philadel-
phia to give statistics on the point,
OF the trees he examined, the moss
was on the west side in 10 per cent,
on the northwest side in 10 per cent.
on the north side in 10 per cent, on
the northeast side in 20 per cent, on
the east side in 35 per cent, and on tho
southeast side in Is per cent.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
Practical Arbitration.

Representatives of the Stove Found
ers' National Defense association and
the Iron Molders' Union of North
Ar.erica met in con1erenc, in Chicago
for the purpose of making yearly
agreement. The iron molders were
represented by President Martin Fox
and David Black of Cincinnati. This
is branch of industry that has not
been troubled with a trike in fifteen
years, all the differences arising being
settled through Cancellation at the
yearly conference between the repre-
sentatives CT both parties.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
Want Strict Trade Autonomy.

Strict trade autonomy for all unions
is the position the Bridge and Struc-
tural Iron Workers decided to assume
in the contention of the engineers and
firemen on one side, and the Brewers
and Maltsters' union, No. is, on the
other. The subject was brought up
by the reading of a circular issued by
the Brewers and Masters, asking the
union to instruct it's delegates to the
Chicago Federation Of Labor to assist
the Brewers union to compel all fire.
men and engineers in breweries to be-
come members Of the Brewery Work
ers' union.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
steadle. the Writer'S Hand.

1t did not insure correct position Of
the body relative to the pen, and the
writer was not compelled to sit so as
to produce the best results.
Fred Rench of Cotton, Cal.. believes
that the attachment that he has just
designed for this work is an improve
ment over the former invention, as it
is secured to the body and projects
outward at the proper angle to main
tain the pen in a right relation to
the paper. The curved spring form
ing the device has a clamp for the
penholder at one end and a breast
button at the opposite end, with a
curvature in the arm to afford play
during the movement of the pen in
forming the letters.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
The Textile Industry.

One of the growing organizations Of
to-day is the International Union of
Textile Workers Of America, of which
Prince w. Green Of Phenix, Ala, is
the general secretary. TIE organiza-
ton of the textile workers OF the
South was c necessity. The tow wages
received by the workers there, COM
bined with the long hours, threatened
that great industry in the North. Mr..
Greene has had many difficulties to
overcome, but he is conf, enI that all
the big textile mills Of the South will
soon be thoroughly organized and
the conditions of the workers bettered.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
Operated Like shears.

one of the swinging arms. This blade
is slightly curved and can be tilted at
any angle, with screw for holding
1t in position. The pencil holder is
attached to the under member and has
a block at the end to limit the inser-
ton of the pencil. By adjusting the
blade at the proper angle it can be
made to cut a short or long shaving,
thus giving the pencil sharp or
blunt point, as desired. There is no
soiling of the fingers, and as the pres
sure Is on the side of the holder in
stead of on the point of the pencil
there is little danger of breaking the
lead. Amos T. Fox of Tacoma Wash.
is the inventor.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
Junior Machinists.

The union of junior machinists re-
Gently formed IN Chicago is proving a
success, more than 100 boys having al
ready joined. Similar unions have
been organized in New YORK, Pitts
burg, Milwaukee, St. Louis, Kansas
City, Omaha, San Francisco, Cleveland
and Philadelphia. Boys of any .ge
who have worked six months at the
trade are eligible and the older men
say that the boys who join and take
an active interest in organization WORK
are certain to become good unionists
when they become jouraeymen.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
Death Of veteran Printer.

William B. Eckert, one of the Oldest
members of the printers craft, died
recently at the Union Printers Home
in Colorado. The cause was old age,
Mr.. Eckert being 81. Mr.. Eckert was
one of the first members admitted to
the home at the time of its opening
ten years ago. He came from the Phila-
delphia union, and was worthy and
respected member. He had the dis
tinction of being one of the original
founders of the Typographical Union
Of North America in 1852.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
@IlB0e1sees

shall be $225 per month; provided that
where a printer IS not regularly en-
ployed he shall receive not less than
81 per hour. The scale of linotype.
monoline, or any other typesetting
machine operators shall be $3.50 per
month on morning, evening and week
ly papers. Foremen and heads Of de-
partments, job and lad" men, shall
receive $3.50 a month. Nine hours
shall constitute a days work, and
eight hours on Saturday.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
Machinist. ON Strike.

James O'Connell. international pres
ident of the Michinists' union, has is
sued statement of the conditions Of
the trade generally, and the places
where machinists have strikes on
hand, which is as follows: San Fran
cisco, Denver, Chicago. Toledo, De-
troit, st. Adams, Va; Washington,
Ind; Rock Falls, ILL.,; Southern rail-
way system; Alexandria, Richmond.
Salisbury, Knoxville, Columbus,
Charleston, Memphis, Birmingham,
Selma, Macon and Atlanta.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
Another Labor Temple.

The plans for the proposed labor
temple at Newcastle, Pa, are now in
the hands of the business agent of the
Trades assembly. 1t will be three
story building. with lodge-rooms,
reading -rooms, library, gymnasium,
bathroom, and auditorium, with seat
ing capacity for 1000 people. The
money is being raised among the To-
cal unions by subscriptions and the
sale Of noninterest bearing bonds.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
New Pencil sharpener.

The inventor who designed the PEN
Gil sharpener shown below evidently
saw a woman trying to sharpen a
pencil with pair of shears and mads
up his mind to provide her with an
implement of this kind made on
purpose for the work. The device
comprises pair of hinged members,
with pivoted pencil-holder and an
adjustable cutting blade mounted on
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
New and Valuable Alloy,

The new secret alloy of M. P. Ger
main. stated to cost less than twenty
cents pound, is alleged to have re-
markable properties. 1t is little
heavier than gold. it is claimed to be
less liable to fracture than steel and
to admit Of tempering like that metal.
and 1t may be welded by hammering
without heat. Its color is yellow, and
1t resists oxidation and acids.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
New Galvanic Cell.

A new galvanic cell, which may
take the form of a very durable dry
cell. has been designed at Ludwig
shafen for electric lighting and for
driving small machinery. The de-
polarizing agent is calomel, which Ia
mixed with finely divided carbon, and
also with chalk to neutralize the
hydrochloric acid formed. An cleo
trode of carbon or platinum is placed
in a bag of the mixture, the positive
pole being the usual zinc, and the ex-
citing liquid is solution of zinc
chloric. The electromotive force 10
about one volt.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
Want General Headou.,t.r..

The Bricklayers' International un-
ion is voting on a proposition to es-
tablish a general headquarters for
the organization. At present the pres
ident lives in Chicago, the secretary
in New York, and the other executive
officers are scattered throughout the
United States ana Canada. The re-
suit of the vote will be announced
through the annual reports of the
president and secretary next October
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
Liquid Cushion for the Mantle


The principal objection to the in
condescent gas mantles now in use
is that the slightest jar or disturbance
tends to crumble them, as they are
very fragile, and when subjected to
motion of any sort their life is mater
tally shortened. Attempts have hith-
erto been made to provide support
which would prevent the mantle from
being subjected to Earring action, but
most. if not all, Of these devices have
used springs to wholly or in part per-
form this work. The invention here
presented is intended to sustain the
mantle without the use of springs, US
Ing In its stead float of sufficient
buoyancy to carry both the mantle
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
WORLD OF SCIENCE.
RECENT DISCOVERIES AND lNvEN-
TlONS OF IMPORTANCE.
PENCIL sharpener That Is Operated
Like shears--Device to Keep Pen In
Position - Liquid Cushion aor In
candescent Gas Nantes.
Keeps the Pen In po,ltlon.

Some time ago a device for main
tanning the hand and pen in correct
position while writing was shown.
The curved spring which provided the
support was attached to weight rest
ing on the desk, necessitating the use
of heavy body to afford sufficient
steadiness to aid the writer. AS 1t
was entirely independent of the writer
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
Mombsrshlp over . MillIon.

Secretary Frank Morrison's report
for the year 1901 shows that $4,000
members were added to the rolls Of
unions affiliated with the American
Federation of Labor. The total men,
bership Of the Federation is now
something over 100000.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01

entering the stem OF the burner is alb
sorbed by the liquid, instead OF being
transferred directly to the mantle, as
would be the case If the connection
were rigid. H. S. Campbell Of Balti-
more. Md, is the inventor.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1902-05-01
paMAon Labor Union.

Tho Typographical union OF Daw-
son. Alaska. has adopted the following
scale OF wages: The minimum scale
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1902-05-01
COUNCIL HOLDS
FINAL SESSION
Winds Up Matters of The
Old Year.
PROCEEDINGS in FULL
Sprinkling Hours Changed. Hours of
Duty for Night Watch
Established.

An adjourned session of the Com
mon Council was held at the council
chamber Tuesday evening, the princi-
pal purpose being the settlement of
affairs pertaining more particularly
to the retiring council.
Mayor Hassell called the meeting to
order. Clerk Michaelis called roll
and all the aldermen but Wetter and
Ressmeyer responded.
Clerk Michaelis reported water rent
collections to date to be 1878. In
the neighborhood of $500 of this
amount rightfully belongs to last
year receipts, thus leaving an APP
proximate of $3, 200 water rent paid
during the year ending yesterday.
A number of bills were read and on
melton all were allowed in full.
On motion of Aid. Knapp the time
of coming on and gong off duty of
the night Waterman was fixed after
discussion. This officer was directed
to be on duty from s p. m. to a. m.
from May 1st to Sept. 1st, and the
balance of the year from Sp. m. to
a. m. and his salary is $50 per month
instead of $40 as enormously stated
last week.
Mayor Hasseli spoke of the immed-
late necessity Of consideration of the
sewerage question and Aid. Henkel
moved that the committee on sewer
age visit other cities at once on tour
of investigation. This was carried.
Street Commissioner Budworth was
authorized to employ the services of
an engine at the crushing plant and
get out quantity OF crushed rock at
once for street work. He was also
ordered to purchase two carloads of
vitrified brick for crossings.
A discussion Of the hours for lawn
sprinkling was taken up. The ordi-
nance now governing this matter al
lows from 5 to p. M. for this privi-
lege. The prevailing sentiment
seemed to favor change in this time
to the effect that to s p. m. be the
lawn sprinkling hours. Aid. BROKER
made motion altering the rules as
above stated and it was carried.
A bill of G. G.. Dickinson came in in
time to be allowed before adjourn
ment.
Council adjourned till Tuesday,
May 9th.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1902-05-01

o'clock all formed on the floor for the
grand march, which was led by Prof.
Dudley and Miss Wyman. From then
on until a late hour dancing was IN
dulged in, the music being furnished
by Miss Slater and Mr.. Gould. Flaffe
and cake were served as light refresh
ments, while a few ladies choices"
were called to vary the usual program.
Altogether it was great success and
the ladies deserve much credit for their
efficient management of the affair.
A number of young people attended
a dance at Belmont Monday. evening.
One of the features of divine servic-
es at the Methodist church is the mus
ical program. The choir is composed
of the best talent in the city, number
ing about thirty voices, and under the
excellent instruction and supervision
of Mrs Tew has attained high stand
ard of proficiency and better music is
scarcely ever heard outside OF the
cities. Last Sunday at the morning
service voluntary by ladies' quar-
tette-Misses Beebe, Thomas, Krog
and Mrs. Tew-was beautifully rem
dered while in the evening Miss Krog
sang an offertory which in every way
fulfilled the expectation of her hear
erS.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1902-05-01
FAILED TO COMPLY.
Law In Reference to Filing Statement of
Campaign Expenses is Ignored.

Three score or more of the candi-
dates for the various offices filled this
spring in town, village and city cleo
tions held throughout Grant county
are liable to fine and imprisonment
for neglect in complying with law re-
garding the fling of statement of their
election expenses with the register of
deeds.
All are familiar with the provisions
of the law, which was passed at the
inst1gation of Gov. La Toilette by the
last legislature, and it is only due to
failure to attend to the matter that
these affidavlts are not on file.
Nine candidates have observed the
required conditions up to the hour
the Herald goes to press and today is
the last day of grace in which to
answer. Whether all expense of one
cent was incurred or not, statement
to this effect must be made.
The nine who have adhered to the
law are as follows:
Thos. Mcdonald, Lancaster, candi-
date for supervisor; no expense.
E. E. Mccoy, Lancaster, candidate
for assessor; no expense.
r. S. Jacobs, Clifton, candi-
date for justice of peace; no expense.
r. N. Livingston, Clifton, candi-
date for supervisor; no expense.
w. c. Livingston, Clifton, candi-
date for supervisor; no expense.
Archy Brown, Waterloo, candidate
for supervisor; no expense.
Herman Shinoe, Waterloo, candi-
date for constable; no expense.
Chas. Walmsley, Waterloo, candi-
date for justice of peace; no expense.
U. d. Kinney, Waterloo, candidate
for supervisor; no expense.
G. l.. Eversoll, Waterloo, candi-
date for assessor; no expense.
Last year in the neighborhood of
200 affidavits were filed.