davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1902-12-27
Notice Of Hearing Petition for Letters Of
Administration.


state of South Dakota, County OF Custer, IS.
In County Court.
In the matter Of the Estate of Paul Kleemann,
Deceased.
The State Of South Dakota sends greeting to
Elsie Kleemann, Helen Kleemann and Paul
Kleemann heirs at law and next OF kin Of Paul
Kleemann, deceased, and TO all to whom these
presents may come.
Notice is hereby given that Margaretha Klee-
mann has filed with the Judge OF this Court, a
petition, praying for Letters OF Administration
Of the Estate of Paul Kleemann, deceased, and
that Monday, the 9th day OF January, 1903, at 10
lar term of this Court, to-wit: of the January
term, 1908, al the office OF the county Judge, la
the court house In Custer City, County OF Clusters
has been set for hearing said petition, when and
where any person Interested may appear ana
show cause why the said petition should not be
Dated at Custer City, s. D., this 18th day OF
December, A. d.. 1902.
ALFRED T. FEAY,
Judge OF the County Court
ED l.. GRANTHAM,
Attorney for Petitioner.
First publication, December 20, 1902.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1902-12-27

J. N. Granger Co.'S. for fine box candies,
lust the thing for Xmas.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1902-12-27
Saved at Graves Brink.

Christmas candies, nuts and fruits, at
Granger's, at lowest prices.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1902-12-27
NOTICE to Creditors.

In the matter Of the Estate Of Richard Avantl
Deceased.
Avant, deceased, are required to exhibit the
same, with necessary vouchers, TO the under
signed, administrator Of said estate, at the
Avant store In Hermosa, in the County OF Gus
ter, 8. D., or at the Office Of Chauncey l.. Wood
In Rapid City. State Of South Dakota. and that
six months have been limited. as the time for
estate.
Dated the Goth day Of November, l9oo.
GEORGE s. AVANT,
Administrator.
First publication, December 6, 1902.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1902-12-27
Postomce Hours.

once omen from 1880 a. m. to 7 80 p. m.
Sundays-one hour after arrival OF mall.
Mail going north closes ut 400 y: m. Soutn
T:2sp %. m. Bakerville, 1880 a. m: on Iuesday snu
Saturday. Otis, 1;16 p. M. on TUESDAY anu oa'
urday.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1902-12-27

Try j. N. Granger Cos. fine new line
of "Millionaire's Club" brand of canned
poods.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1902-12-27

The John Gum Brewing Company of
La Crosse, Wisconsin, have broken
ground and are excavating for the foun.
dation of a building. The location is on
the railroad grounds near the track just
south of the old Vienna hotel site. The
building is to be used as a cold storage
plant, and We understand that the com
pany design to make this the distribut-
ing point for their goods for the Black
Hills. The dimensions of the structure
will be as follows: The main building
will 20 by 4S feet on the ground, and
will be about 35 feet in height. There
will be two wings Is by 20 feet and l2by
20 feet respectively and 16 feet high.
This will be quite an addition to the
town. Mr.. J. r. Bentson, who has
charge of the work, estimates that it will
require about $4,000 feet of lumber in its
construction.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1902-12-27

At the regular meeting of Custer
Chapter, No. "a, Order Eastern Star, held
Saturday evening, December Goth, the
following newly elected officers we're in
stalled for the ensuing year: Worthy
Matron, Mrs. Bertha Miller; Worthy
Patron, d. Carrigan; Associate Matron,
Mrs. Rosetta McFadden /; Secretary, Mrs.
Hattie Pitcher; Treasurer, Mrs. w. s.
Wood; Conductress, Miss Nellie Rut-
kowski Asst. Conductress, Mrs. Maude
Benedict; Chaplain, Mrs. Emily Lum-
mis-; Marshal, Mrs. Rebecca Putnam 1:
Adah, Mrs. Helen Rutkowski Ruth,
Mrs. Louise Kubler Esther, Mrs. Louise
Carrigan Martha, Mrs. Belle McFad.
den Electa, Mrs. E. V. Blachley /;
Warder, Mrs. Marion Clark; Sentinel
Denis Henault; Organist, Mrs. w. F.
Hanley. After the ceremonies the mem
bers of the Chapter partook of a deli.
cious lunch served by the retiring
Matron.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-09-28

ing them in up-turned aprons or bundled
upon their heads, just as their foremothers
in Europe have done for centuries.
At every turn one feels the foreign
tcuch-in the women washing at the brook
sides; i'm Sunday groups of holiday-seeE-
CTs shooting splrrOws. 1t is because Italy
is so new a nation that it has few pre-
serves and no well enforced game laws that
the Long Island Italian, walking out from
the village with his wife, his children AMI
his gun, follows la caccia' over ground
that shelters no game bigger than field
mice, thus compelling the farmer 10 plant
his acres thick with "No Hunting signs.
Few Poles own land, and so in mid sum
mer, when wedding grows slack and the
late picking crops" are not ripe, troops Of
women move from farm to farm, begging
work. Every English speaking farmer is
to them a boss or 'bosso," while the far
mer's sons and brothers are distinguished
as "Bosso Jim" or "Bosso Pete" If BossO
Pete needs no help, he finds it hard to
make the woman understand; they know no
English. If, on the other hand, he wants
them there is less trouble.
Across Long Island sound. in Connect
rut, a busy time for women farm hands
comes with the corn harvest. Italian
women are engaged for the husking, and
no one who has seen a group of them sur
round a cart loaded with corn, pushing ana
pulling it to the barn, will doubt their ca,
pacity.
Farm work may seem to many undesir-
able for women, yet it is the task at which
these women can best support themselves,
brought up to it as they were from chill
Grcn. They are used mainly on the light
crop, and, though their dark checks do not
show the red Of northern blood, they look
healthy.
The Frenchwomen, of whom there are
many around Woodhaven, chat at their
work. The other foreigners are less viva
Cious. They are slow of motion and en-
during. The farmers say that a Polak
woman does nearly a mans work, and does
it as easily. Her movements are not jerky,
like an American woman's, but steady and
patient. A farmer unconsciously expressed
the difference when he said that Polak5
were like COWS. An American woman is
like a nervous flly.
1t is a common remark among city doc
tors that Swedish and German girls taken
from the outdoor work of Europe and con-
fined in American kitchens, often lose thciI
red cheeks and their strength after a yeal
or two Of service. The change to indoor
Omaha daily bee., 1902-09-28

work saps their vitality. The Polak farm
laborer is saved from shaving in a ely
sweat shop. Her wages are higher, her
working day is short r; she is never ent-
ployed more than ten hours. With h'r
habit of budding with her kind in tene-
mcnts, outdoor work is her only chance of
continued vigor. And it is the only chance
of her children, who are now getting, not
a paItry fresh air week" but plenty o.
oxygen for a good share of the year.
1t is only the Polak, the newest immi-
grant to Loug Island, that has NJ lani. The
Italian, who came a little earlier, may lease
tIom four to seven acres, paying fr m $3.50
to $3.50 per year and having the right of
fagot- gathering in the large farmers wood
lot. The rate of his lease is high, but the
land is valuable and he is making mon y.
The German. who comes before thu Ital-
ian, usually owns the land he works, from
ten to twenty acres. His wife works by
his side. She may even run a pillow, but shn
rover is employed on another mans farm
AS time goes on and the family holdings
increase, she is relieved from out-of-d1 or
work. and her daughters are brought up
with all the advantages that prosperity
can offer.
Before the German came the freshman.
He has long been among the wealthiest of
Long Island farmers.
Newcomers in America are moving along
the read over which the older settlers have
travelled. In colonial times the pioneer hid
only his family to depend upon. Outside
help was unattainable. So to the mans lot
fell the clearing of land, building and plow-
ing, while women were glad to help with
Eoeing, haying and harvesting. In the west
today in regions where to some extent
pioneer conditions prevail, women often
work in harvesting time, such as driving
the horse rake. So in the northwest among
the Russian and scandinavian settlers. pio-
neer conditions and inherited habit have
made of women an important element in
farm labor.
Sometimes it happens that even long resi-
donce in the older states of America does
not wean women from outdoor work, "a ap-
pears in Pennsylvania, where among the
descendants of the Hessians and Moro
vians of revolutionary days, field labor
Is common among women.
These and other groups of women farm
hands, added to the Mexican fruit pickers
OF California and to negro laborers in the
south, make up in the United States an
unexpected total of $50. 900 labor RS.
JAMES HEATON.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-09-28

tried to pay for wedding by the row, but
as rows in different fields are of different
lengths, pay by time is more convenient.
The usual rates are 70 cents or 81 per
day.
Even when hiring by the week, the farm
ers pay their help daily. Every afternoon
the farmer appears in the fields carrying
a leather bag filled with silver or 81 bills,
and the women form in line to receive their
earnings. The farmer says he takes this
trouble because he cannot tell the women
apart, and if he waited until Saturday
night there might be endless confusion in
his p~ayrOlls.
At pea-picking and hand wedding one
sometimes sees POlak men working side
by side with women. but not usually. The
male laborer drives the cultivator, or is
told off for heavy work. Indeed, the Polak
man is less apt than his wife to be a
farmland. He digs cellars or sewers
and works on roads and railroads. When
he is employed on the farm, he is usually
a hand hired by the year and given, when
help is scarce, to bringing forward his wife
and daughters to exc out the family in
come.
Flocking in village tenements, the Long
Island Poles remain as old world in habits
as lhtS lllShN III a ( vi iuul (
They speak little English. The women
wear head 'kerChiefs, black sometimes, as
often white or red. Some wear hoods,
many work bareheaded. They wear short,
full cotton skirts and big aprons, Many
work barefooted, their tanned sOles peep
ing out in rows behind their skirts as they
kneel at wedding.
They are not easy subjects for the wan
deTing photographer. Sometimes they run
from the devil in the box sometimes
they are afraid of being victims of some
scheme. mo gotta no mOnna tOdaya, -
they scream at sight of the camera. Even
a bit of silver dropped in each hand needs
a minute to teach them that money for
once is passing in a pleasant direction,
Then what a change from suspicion! Down
on the grass they fling themselves, laugh
ing, chattering, pulling their aprons, watch
ing as eagerly as children.
BY 3 o'clock in the afternoon, when mar
ket wagons START for the city, pea picking
stops. This gives the women time fol
fagot gathering. Some landowners pay
their help partly by giving the run of q
wood lot. By 8 o'clock through the cOun-
try lanes the women are moving village,
ward, wheeling fagOts in a barrow, carry,
Omaha daily bee., 1902-09-28

street, waits until twenty or more have
scrambled in, and then drives off with his
capture. His object is to prevent the straS-
Cling of his help and to make sure Ct the
number wanted; but in the dewy fresh
ness of the early morning the wagon loads
Of laughing girls look less like lab0rors
than a picnic party.
Women are employed for planting on ons
for harvesting crops that are picked by
hand, such as green peas, string beans,
lima beans and tomatoes; for punching rhu-
barb and for wedding tender crops, lik"
onions and young carrots, that cannot stand
the CultiyatOr.
In planting time and in June and Sep
TENDER, when the first and second crops
of peas are gathered, the outflocking of
women is sudden. One may see as many
as fifty at work in a plot of a few acres
where the day before there was not one.
'"lhey say labor's scarce in the west, 3"
said one farmer; its plenty here. Whistle
and you'll see a dozen women comm. ="
Another farmer said that Polaks were as
thick as mosquitoes.
In June, when green peas must be rushed
to market and every days delay means
monetary loss, the larger farmers need
all the help they can get, so even women
with babies are set picking. Up and down
the fields, between long, straight, green
rows of vines, stand baby carriages, COW
cred with mosquito netting. While the
mothers work the babies sleep or kick in
the sunshine.
AS soon as children are old enough to
pull a pod, they, too, are called into serv-
ice, and at noon when work stops and
the luncheon of rye bread, cheese and
onions is eaten, the scene is festive.
Groups gather by families under trees or
shelters matched with green boughs.
Sometimes, among Italian or French la
borers, there is singing.
The wages received by women farm
hands are better than might be supposed.
For filling a two-bushel bag of peas a
picker gets 20 cents; for beans half as
much. At these rates a good hand earns
$3.50 per day. One reason for compare
lively high earnings is curious: The old
two-bushel bag has shrunk gradually in
size until now it holds only a bushel and
a half, The farmers have tried to sub
stitute the bushel as the unit of measure,
but the women object, and bag measure is
still customary.
To insure industry the farmers, when
possible, pay by quantity, Some have even
Omaha daily bee., 1902-09-28

htldIB' " DIV 'ih' ~ ''''
- in tn fields. He thinks It a
IatsR0N sign Of superior civilization that
49, in the United States women do
not commonly till the crops. Yet within the
limits Of the city from which he sal ed hun
dreds Of women are today employed as farm
Iaborers. and within a few miles radius Of
New York may be found more than 5000
women farmers and farm hands.
In fact. II the returned tourist were tn
explore the country roads to the south Ct
the village OF Jamaica, Long Island, he
might almost think himself back in Austria
or Italy, so gay are headkerchiefs and the
cotton dresses of the small brown-skinnCd,
bright eyed women who are everywhere
busy in the fiat, level fields. Toward even
ing when the sun is setting behind the trees
Of Woodhavcn, gliding in the distanch the
spire of the little Italian church, the tour
list might see before him many a seem
suggestive of Millet's "Angelus." Tn wo-
man with the hoe is as common as she is
picturesque in the landscape.
Crowded in the IN of Jamaica
live at least 900 women who are employed
truck farms. Here is another foreign touch
for the traveller. In former days the Euro
pcan peasant was a village dweller for tn
sake Of scCurity-as In brigand- cursed
Sicily he still must BEGGING out in the
morning to work In perhaps distant fields.
The habit thus established has lived and
has been transplantcd and Joined with con
veniCnCe and the social instinct, 1t explains
why there are huddlCd in Hicksville,
MineCla, Woodhaven and especially in ia
maica. the Poles, Bohemians, French, Ital-
ians, Slovaks, whose work on the Long
Island farms may be miles away.
Long Islands women farm hands are
mainly Poles from Russian Poland. TIL
work for American, Irish and German truck
farmers, who hire them by the day. In har
vest time when a farmer needs women la
borers he lays in a stock CT 81 bills AMI
Tasses the word to one of his men. Tle
man stops the first Polak he meets and
points to a field. Few Po!aks speak English.
but the sign is enough. The mans work
is done. Next morning at the farm gate
there may be fifty women waiting.
The farmer who lives at a distance from
the village uses a different method. Har-
Messing a big hay cart, he drives to town.
Ealts, beckons to a group Of women in the
Omaha daily bee., 1902-09-28

for him. Then he told the free silver
statistician that he had come to the con-
clusion that his (RobinsOn's) financial
views deserved more consideration than
they had hitherto received from tn secIe-
tary, and, as Robinson had frequently said
he would be delighted to see every one in
the United States compelled by law to
transact all his business in silver coin. ne
should have that privilege, il the general
public did not, so Mr.. Morton had ordered
the disbursing officer to pay him his salary
in standard silver dollars. Robinson had
nothing to do but take the money. The bag
weighed twelve pounds and the secretary
solicitously cautioned him not to let it
drop on his toes.
The German officer is nothing if not prac-
tical, so there may be an element of
truth in the following amusing incident,
which comes from Berlin" says the London
Express:
A sergeant was perplexed how TO deal
with a bowlegged recruit. At last he be-
thought himself of a plan. Taking a !
mark piece, about the size Of a shilling, he
ordered the recruit to put it between his
knees, and said, Woe betide you if you let
the money fall before l come back IN hve
minutes"
The unhappy recruit, with knees pressed
together, remained in that uncomfortable
position for a minute and at last, struck
by a happy idea, he took the coin from be-
tween his knees and put it in his pocket.
When the sergeant hove in sight he hur-
riedly replaced what he thought to be the
same coin. 1t was, however, a 2-mark
piece, about as large as a form. The ser
geant smiled as he complimented the bow
legged recruit on the great pressure ne must
have exerted on the coin between his
knees.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-09-28

@0OON after our troops took posses
sion OF Manila a certain toll!
N bridge which connected the city
lA with one Of it's suburbs was de-
- cared fire. to all passengers, says
the Brooklyn Eagle. Subsequently, how
ever, the toll $. stem was restored, but. as
the bridge was largely used by soldiers who
declined to recognize the bridgekeeper's
right to tax them, the tax law was more
honored in the breach than in the observ-
ance. Among the civilians in Manila at
the time was Congressman Hull, chairman
of the house committee on military affairs.
One evening he started to walk across the
bridge. The keeper stopped him and de-
manded toll. Mr.. Hull, who thought the
bridge was free, refused to pay.
Il am an American citizen" he protested,
and l won't pay toll"
NO" returned the bridge guard. You
are not Americana"
"But | am"
mo, no. II you were Americana you
would have said. Go to hell when l asked
for money"
Mr.. Hull says that he paid the toll, but
when he came that way again he estab-
lished his claim to his citizenship by imi-
tating the soldiers. He did it merely for
the sake of the experiment, as he is not
naturally a profane man. The bridgekeeper
at once recognized the convincing force OF
his argument, and, bowling profoundly. per
mitted him to pass.
Wilhelm Busch, the German humorist and
comic artist, received the following mes
sage from the kaiser the other day: Ito
the poet and artist whose splendid crea-
lions. full OF genuine humor. will live
imperishable among the German people, |
express my sincere congratulations on the
occasion OF his seventeen birthday. May a
beautiful evening be youchsafed to his life.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-09-28
GIeanings From the Story Tellers' Pack

silver man. As usual he took his thirty
days vacation during the summer of 1895
and on his return applied to the disbursing
officer for his pay. He was told that the
secretary desired to see him before he re-
Omaha daily bee., 1902-09-28

In gratitude for the many merry hours
which you give him.-William, l. r."
When the late ]. Sterling Morton was
secretary OF agriculture Mr.. Robinson, the
statistician of the department, was a free
Omaha daily bee., 1902-09-28

Coived his money. Robinson went to the
secretary's office anticipating a promotion
or something equally agreeable. He was
greeted pleasantly by the secretary. who
remarked that he had a surprise in store
Omaha daily bee., 1902-09-28

DON after our troops took posses
sion OF Manila a certain toll
bridge which connected the city
with n of it's suburbs was de-
c.A.el fr- 10 all n~asaanEnrs snNs
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-04-03
* y; II y X * x i: >; * * X * x ): ): X X X \:
Profits in Raising Trees
Farmers of the West Have Great Possibilities
for Wealth
j: \: X X y: X y: X X y =: =: >: y: X y: X X X :: i: \:

1t mas been estimated that the tele-
graph lines OF the country require
nearly 100000 new poles every year.
The cost OF these is more than $1,000
900.
1t is also estimated that there are
more than 62O,0O0,O00 cross-ties in use
by the railroads and that 100000 900
ties are required every year for re-
newals.
The telephone and light companies
use nearly as many poles as the tele-
graph companies, and the street car
systems of the cities use nearly as
many cross-ties as the steam railroads.
To awaken the farmers of the West
to the need of raising plantations of
wood to supply these needs OF tele-
graph, telephone and railroad COM
panies, the forestry division OF the Ag-
ricultural Department has issued a
bulletin to show that such work is
profitable.
The prices of pole and tie lumber
have gone up nearly 80 per cent in
the last ten years. j. Hope Sutor OF
the Ohio and Little Kanawha railroad
an expert on the tie question, told
the Central Association OF Railroad
Officers in Louisville year ago that
in ten years more the prices OF ties
would be so per cent greater than at
present. He also said:
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-04-03

diculous. II you like-and | Invariably
follow "TannDauser" or 'Leonore'
overtures with some little street sons
melody or ragtime march. 1t frequent.
ly happens that two persons will 81,
side by side at one OF my concerts one
a lover of 'high-class' music the other
with a desire only for the ragtime
piece. By bringing the extremes In
close contrast the grand old overtures
seem grander and the street song
sweeter and more enhancing.
why should any conductor refuse
to play music which causes so much
harmless pleasure?
"Ragtime is not fad, as many have
declared, and 1t will not die out. II
pleases the God-given sense OF rhythm
and will endure as long as the world
shall stand. Call II what you will
ragtime is as good as any other name
lit existed centuries before our time
and 1t will go on for centuries to coms
after we have been forgotten"
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-04-03
REAL REASON WHY BANK WINS.
Inability of Players to Quit when Ahead
of the Game.

Inability of Players to Quit when Ahead
of the Game.
The actual facts about the ability to
quit winner or loser at Monte Carlo,
and even to break the bank, are more
singular and yet more simple than
Rosslyn's complicated mathematics of
chance.
These facts are that IL is the inabil-
fly of players to quit when they are
ahead of the game that makes the bank
q winner at all.
AS a matter OF fact, almost every
player who sits down at roulette or
trents ct guarantee, gets. at some time
or other during the game, bit ahead;
but not one In a hundred will then
stop. He wants more; pushes his luck
and quits when his pockets are emp
ty. or when discretion tells him he
can afford to lose no more.
with ninety out OF 100 players quit
ting only when they are losers the
bank Is OF course the ultimate big win
ner.
II Is the want of will power--the In
capacity to stop when slight or mod
crate winner-more than the small ad-
vantage of the whsel-which is only