davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1902-06-04
PRODUCTION AND POSSIBIL.
tiles

II is stated on reliable authority
that. forty per cent of the people of
the United States are farmers, or liv-
ing upon farms, and they not only
produce enough to feed and clothe
themselves and the other eighty per
cent of the inhabitants, but annually
send away 81, 600, 600, 600 of their prod
ucts to other countries. This is re-
markable statement, says f.. r. Towle
in Journal of Agriculture and shows
the great possibilities of this country
in crop production as the result of the
labor of wo-fifths of the inhabitants
in supplying the material for food and
clothing for the whole, with such an
immense amount left over for the peo-
pie of other lands. 1t is literally
"having bread enough and to spare Z"
Another thing, while in many of
the other countries of the world the
prosperity of the people depends large
ly on the success of single crop or
only few at the most, as for in
stance that of sugar beets in Ger
many, wheat and rye in Russia, wool
in Australia etc, the United States
is blessed with great number and
variety of the products of the soil
that help to make the country self
sustaining
1t is further said that this country
produces one-half of the agricultural
products of the world and our surplus
after supplying our own needs is more
than that of all other countries, al
though we have only one fiftieth of
the inhabitants of the world. What
would become of these countries with
out the surplus afforded by our own,
might be a difficult question. Some
have begun to tell US that even here
consumption is gaining perceptibly,
at least in some respects, on produc.
ton, and that it is only matter OF
time when there will be so many in
habitants in the United States that
nearly all of our products will be re.
quired at home. But | think that this
time is yet far in the distance, so far,
indeed, that we need not as vet Dor.
row much trouble about the matter.
We have not yet come anywhere neal
the limit of production in the United
States. There is still much land tC
be occupied much that is only imper.
fectly cultivated and most of the rest
capable with proper effort of still
greater returns. Exchange.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1902-06-04
THE MARKET FOR HORSES.

While the present foreign demand
for horses is unusual, and hardly to
be long continued in so intense a
form. it has brought to view the ca
pabilities for supply and the charac-
ter of animals available in different
sections in way likely to produce
permanent impression. With the
increasing density of settlement in civ
ilized countries, animals for service
tend to fall below the demand, and
deficiency must be made good from a
distance unless man, by his personal
service or by aid of machine, does
the work. Great expectations have
been based upon the introduction of
various motors.
Specific uses of horses have been
greatly affected by recent inventions
In addition to the changes upon street
railways, bicycles and automobiles
have greatly affected the livery bust
ness. 1t, however remains true that
horses are III great demand An il
lustratrative incident is the buying
in Maine for private stables in New
York. Northern New England has
long been famous for hardy roadsters,
particularly under the name of Nor
gan Horses - These are animals of
moderate weight, of good action good
tempered and of long endurance for
long continued effort. Select animals
distinctly fitted for any specified ser
vice are likely to find good sale con-
tinually. Bulletin No. 81, lately is
sued by the Bureau of Animal Indus.
try of the Department of Agriculture
is entitled Market Glasses of Hors-
es. 1t is careful statement of the
prevailing conditions and current de-
mands. Crop Reporter for May
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1902-06-04
AN EXAMPLE TO FOLLOW.

If the farmers of Minnesota had
fully profited by the example furnish
ed by the dairy department Of the
State Experiment Station, their re-
ceipts would have increased annually
by millions of dollars This may
seem a bold statement, but its truth
is easily demonstrated. There are in
the State, in round numbers, 600, 900
mich COWS; they are giving an an
nual average of not over $50 pounds
of butter while if fed and handled, as
are the cows at the station, the aver.
age would be $50 pounds or an increase
OF 60, 900, 600 pounds year Amount
ing at 20 cents pound to $12, 900, 600 |
But the dairy bred COWS at the sta.
tion have yielded during the last ten
years $50 pounds annually, so that if
the cows of the State were of the
same quality the receipts from butter
would be swelled another $12, 900, 600 (!
1t is not reasonable. perhaps, to ex-
pect such result in any entire State,
largely devoted to dairying, and that
lit should be made is not a debatable
question The foregoing figures re-
veal easily attained possibilities, but
II not realized in full the attempt to
do so will be followed by an extreme.
~ gratifying increase in dairy prod.
ucts Farm, Stock and Home.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1902-06-04
LIVE STOCK

The receipts at the different local live
stock yards for the week ending May 20
were 2S32 cattle, $3.50 sheep, 9S77 swine and
25i9 calves OF this aggregate 2l39 cattle,
1865 sheep and 500 swine were from the
West The balance were from New Eng
land, New York and Canada
For the Northern and Eastern beef cat
tie on offer very high prices were OBJ
tanned, supplies being moderate and the
demand active. Sales included ? beef
COWS, averaging 800 lbs, 4c 2, 945 lbs. Sc;
OK, l74O lbs, &c; l, 1860 lbs, 6 l-4c; l, l4l0
lbs, &c: |, l420 lbs, 6 IL; 2 1920 lbs, 6 3-4c
4, l225 lbs, Sac; 2, 1865 lbs. sac: 8; 1900
lbs. &C.; 3, 400 lbs. 5 l-2c; 10. 400 lbs IS d5
per cwt 2, 1885 lbs, 0 3-4c; IA, 1862 lbs &c;
!. 800 lbs, LIE; 7. 9G5 lbs, Sc; 5, sos lbs
3 lie.
Mich COWS, when choice, fetch high
prices, but the tendency to ask little too
mech checked the demand during the
early part of this week
In the price of calves there was slight
decline, accounted for probably by heavy
arrivals of dressed veal Sales: calves,
average III lbs, 4 100 lbs, lie; 20, 40 lbs,
. 3-4c; 50, ll6 lbs. 5 SAC; l20, los lbs, 3-4c.
From sheep from nearby points the de
mand was better. Sales sheep, averag-
ing go lbs, &C.; 8, 81 lbs, &c; 81, 81 lbs, 8 SAC.
There was "A ready sale for hogs at
figures ranging from 81 % to 740 per cwt.
Dressed hogs are worth lac per cwt.
The general tendency of the Western
cattle markets is still upwards.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1902-06-04
DOMESTIC.

New York, May 36.-The general
Presbyterian assembly this morning voted
to hold the next assembly as Los Angeles
Indianapolis May 29.-Reports re-
celved at the headquarters of the
United Mine Workers in this city in
dictate that the organization has failed
III its effort to secure pledges from the
employees of the coal carrying rail
roads to strike in sympathy with the
anthracite miners if an attempt is
made to haul non-union mined coal
into the Pennsylvania fields The
miners officers do not now expect as
slstance from that quarter They re-
fused to discuss the subject on We'd
nesday in any light, but it was admit
ted that the reports from the employ
ees OF the coal carrying railroads are
not favorable to sympathetic strike.
President Mitchell will be here today
and arrangements for the coming
National Convention of the miners
will be perfected and possibly the
formal call issued.
Chicago, May 80 = If the four great
packing concerns at the Union Stock
yards shall not yield to the demands
OF the striking teamsters within q
short time it may result in a general
stoppage of 40, 600 employees at the
yards. Already several hundred per-
sons have quit. The situation is be-
coming so involved that apparently it
will be impossible for the union men
to remain at work much longer, with
out violating the rules of the Chicago
federation of labor under which they
hold charters.
strike among the beef butchers or
hog butchers or any other set of men
upon whom hundreds of others are de-
pendent would cause a complete tie
up in every branch. This is said to
be not unlikely because, in many in
stances union men have been asked to
do the work of strikers and have been
discharged upon refusal Further
more, Union men are forbidden to
handle goods that have been prepared
by n-union labor and it is said to
be nearly impracticable for the men
to continue work without doing this.
Chattanooga, Tenn, May 80. "A dis.
tlnct earthquake shock occurred here
this morning accompanied by low
rumbling sound Houses were shak-
en-, and windows ratified in the sub.
urbs The shock lasted several sec
onds. Many people were greatly
frightened.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1902-06-04
THE GOLDEN POPPY.
Dazzling, Blazing Blossoms That
Greeted the California Pioneers.

Dazzling, Blazing Blossoms That
Greeted the California Pioneers,
Far out at sea cleaning sheets Of
dazzling gold arrested the gaze Of the
early explorers Of California. Blazing
along the Pacific coast, embroidering
the green foothills of the snow capped
Sierra Madres, transforming acres and
acres of treeless plains into royal cloth
of gold, millions Of flowers of silky tex
ture and color of gold fascinated the
Spanish discoveries. An eminent bot
anist. Eschscholtz, at once classified
the plant, and his followers conferred
his name upon this the only native
American papaver.
Dreamlike in beauty, fascinating from
sheer loneliness, spreading in soft IN
dulations over the land, the California
poppy bloomed above the richest views
and arteries of gold the world has ever
known, all unsupported. Gree, with
powers to please, dazzle and charm by
its entertainments, while it allures, lulls
and mystifies, this flower of sleep SEEM
ed to draw by some occult process from
the earth the elixir of gold. unfolding
Its blooms of gold as beacons proclaim
ing, I'VE are blooming above rich mines
of gold"
There is ever mystery about the
poppy. 1t IS a weird flower. 1t is al
most sentient, with a life unknown to
human kind. "While glory guards with
solemn tread the bivouac of the dead"
stealthily a sea of gore creeps over the
old battlefields. Blood red, the peoples
In waves and pillows hold high carni-
val above the soil that covers the slain.
Lord Macaulay says of the battlefield
of Neerwinden: The summer after the
battle the soil, fortified by 10000 dead,
broke forth into millions of blood red
peoples. The traveller from st Troud
to Tirlemont who saw that vast field
Of rich scarlet stretching from Landen
to Neerwinden could hardly help fan
cying that the f1gurative description Of
the Hebrew prophet was literally ac-
complished; that 1.-The earth was dis
closing her blood and refusing to cover
her slain" Bayard Taylor in 1.-The
Lands of the Saracen" says he contem-
plated with feelings he could not de-
scribe "the old battlefelds of Syria,
densely covered with blood red pop
pies, blooming in barbaric splendor,
gloating on the gore of soldiers slain"
However interesting the poppy may
be to men of science and to lovers of
the beautiful, it is yet more so to the
people of California. This beautiful,
weird, gold colored flower of gossamer
texture belongs to California alone |
Nowhere else in the world has it ever
made its habitat. There it is naturally
so profuse that it is related as a fact
that, coming on a turn full face upon
blooming field Of yellow peoples. daz-
cling in the sunshine. horses have been |
put to fight as from flames of fire.
Home and Flowers.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1902-06-04
Deafness Cannot Be Cured

by local applications as they cannot
reach the diseased portion of the ear.
There is only one way to cure deaf
ness and that is by constitutional rem
edies. Deafness is caused by an in
famed condition of the mucous lining
of the Eustachian tube. When this
tube is infamed you have a rum
bling sound or imperfect hearing, and
when it is entirely closed deafness is
the result, and unless the inf1amma-
tion can be taken out and this tube
restored to its normal condition. hear
ing will be destroyed forever; nine
cases out of ten are caused by catarrh,
which nothing but an int1amed con-
dition of the mucous surfaces.
We will give One Hundred Dollars
for any case of Deafness Caused by
catarr) that cannot be cured by DR..
Halls Catarrh Cure. Send for cir
culars free
f. j. Cheney & Co., Toledo, O.
Sold by all druggists, 15c.
Halls Family Pills are the best.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1902-06-04
THE MEAT TRUST AND FARM.
ERS.

The enormous and unnecessary ad-
vance in the retail price of meats
made by the meat trust is destined to
prove unfortunate to the growers of
meat producing animals The tax
levied upon meat consumers finds no
warrant in the price of the live ami
mails. The farmer only has to COM
pare the price he gets for the average
steer land he is the fellow that fur
nishes fully five-sixths of the beef to
the people, with from Is to 20 cents
pound for steaks and roasts, with
plenty of bone and waste material
weighed, though some of it is cut off
after weighing; with round steak at
from Is to 16 cents and other cuts in
proportion, here in Minneapolis to see
that the prices are eXtortionate. But
when these prices are increased by
fifty per cent in the east, as they are,
in spite of the low cost of butchering,
handling and transporting, the magni-
tude of the extortion begins to assume
its proper proportions in the farmers
mind
The result of this will be to enor-
mously reduce the consumption of
meats. Labor unions are seriously
discussing abstaining from the use of
meat, and myrlads of people who
make no sound will consume less meat
some from necessity and others to re.
sent the holdup of gigantic monop-
oily. And the result will be to per.
manently restrict meat consumption !;
even when meat prices go lower; for
many will have learned to consume
less meat, and that meat is not such
a necessary aEticle of diet as they had
heretofore regarded it, The Meat
Trust, is, i'll fact, making vegetarians
very rapidly, and that will react upon
the animal industry to a greater or
less extent, and possibly greater than
is imagined. Farm, Stock and Home
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1902-06-04
FOREIGN.

Manila, May 30 -Senores Isabelle
and De Los Reyes the heads of the
Filipino Workingmen's Union, are
leading an agittion for an increase in
the wages of servants, tradesmen,
printers, tailors, mechanics, tobacco
workers, and stevedores. Several Off
GERS have been elected from among
the employees of English firms. The
union has petitioned Acting Governor
Wright to maintain the provisions
of the Chinese Exclusion act, to mod
ify the cholera quarantine and to abol-
ish the recently introduced rickshaws
because they are liable to employ and
degrade the Filipinos.
London, May 9.-Santos- Dumont,
the aeronaut who intended to give ex-
hibitions with his airship at the Crys-
tai palace next week arrived from
Paris and found that few hours pre-
viously his balloon had been cut to
pieces, completely destroying one
third of it, The cutting was done
with knives and large rings Of the silk
covering were removed The mystery
is deepened by the fact that two of
Santos-Dumont's French assistants
slept in and constantly watched the
shed where the airship was kept. Po-
lice and detectives were summoned to
clear up the affair if possible 1t will
be several weeks before a new cover
can be made
Buenos Ayres May 20. The general
arbitration agreement between Chill
and the Argentine Republic for linn.
itation of naval ornaments and settle.
ments of boundary dispute has been
signed This assures peace not only
between the two republics but in this
part Of America.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1902-06-04

often are part of his lot, and these
are easily guarded against, and would
nearly always be if the farmer fully
realized their Importance. 1t has
been the custom on this farm to keep
the fall shote in lots till an abund-
ance of pasture was ready for them in
the bluegrass permanent pasture, and
they have always gone to market with
out ever having been ringed, and the
pastures have sustained but little dam
age by this course. This year matters
in this line have been changed a lit
tie Already the fall shotes are given
the freedom Of the blue grass pasture.
This field is we'll tile drained, so
that it is not excessively soft as it
would be without drainage. There
was formerly spot that was always
roofing ground for the hogs if it
was possible to root, because always
wet except in very dry weather.
Drainage has changed this and made
al! parts of the field more nearly alike.
The blue grass will not be materially
injured by trampling, and the shotes
will get a healthful bite of grass
This will save to a considerable eX
tent the amount of mill feed neces-
sary to be used To accomplish this
early pasturing it was necessary to
ring them, as there are always worms
and other insects in blue grass sod
that the hogs are sure to root for if
the soil is not too solid, and besides
in few days they can go on the rye
field recently sown to clover The
ringing will prevent all roofing in
this field. 1t is the expectation to get
a good deal of good from the rye in
this way, and not at all injure the
clover. Much of the clover seed will
be pressed into the soil by the tramp
ling of the pigs, and, more, the rye
will be kept in check and the clover
allowed to get a good start before the
rye is allowed to grow up to make a
good crop. John M. Jamson in Ohio
Farmer
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1902-06-04
AGRICULTURAL.
CHANGES IN BREEDING.

With the revival of horse breeding
as profitable industry the fact must
be recognized that there has come
complete revolution i'll this business.
The old methods will no longer prove
profitable We must raise for profit
distinct types of horses for the mar
ket, and not generally all round use
full horses. We must define i'll our
own minds the different types of
horses in demand and then work
toward the production of the best
specimens of one or more of these
tpyes These types, briefly stated,
are the road, carriage and coach horse,
and the American trotter or road
horse. One of these types should be
selected in breeding horses for market
and the peculiar Characteristic of each
one studied and carefully understood.
Breeding for specific class is the
only kind that pays today. The man
who breeds on the old lines is doom
ed to failure. His horses will bring
will be no margin left for profits.
One reason why horses became a
drug in the market ten years ago was
because farmers and breeders produce
ed a surplus of horses which had no
particular characteristics. They are
not specially good in any line. Then
a demand slowly grew up for horses
which would excel in one particular
class, and this has steadily increased
until today it has become universal.
The evolution in breeding has thus
made it necessary for the farmer and
breeder to know his particular class
of horse thoroughly Promiscuous
breeding does not pay but special
class or type breeding does Every
horse must be bred for a particular
purpose, and if at the beginning the
animal does not promise any good
points for particular purpose the
sooner you can dispose of him the bet
of mixed virtues have passed forever
and their day will never return,
Breed the large horse that is useful
for particular lines on hauling, the
road or coach horse, which can travel
well with fair load, or the trotter,
which can make speed. In one of
these classes every horse must excel
or he cannot bring the high market
price offered. Premiums are daily
offered for the best animals of any
class. g. L. Peter il Indiana Farmer.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1902-06-04
Nirulent Cancer Cured.

Startling proof of wonderful ad-
vance in medicine is given by drug
glst &. W. Roberts of Elizabeth, w.
Va. An old man there had long
suffered with what good doctors pro-
nounced incurable cancer. They be-
lieved his case hopeless until he used
Electric Bitters and applied Bucklen' S
Arnica Salve, which treatment com
pletely cured him. When Electric
Bitters are used to expel bilious, kid
ney and microbe poisons at the same
time this salve exerts its matchless
healing power, blood diseases, skin
eruptions, ulcers and sores vanish.
Bitters SOC, Salve 25c at @. Blakely's.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1902-06-04
SCIENCE IN HORTICULTURE.

Those interested in the culture of
the plum for commercial purposes
should make special study of the dis
eases which attack the trees and fruits
and the best soils adapted to their
growth. At the Vermont experiment
station special study has been made
of the native and imported varieties,
and it is stated in new report that
as general rule plums thrive well
on soils best suited to apples but the
European sorts and the damson do
well on heavy clay soil, and the other
varieties on either light or heavy
lands. The trees are best set in the
spring, with one year old growth pre-
ferred, and as a rule about fifteen feet
apart. When first planted they should
be pruned back to a small head and
single stem. The land should be cul-
tivated, blowing the soil between the
trees, every spring, and applying barn
yard manure and wood ashes on soils
deficient in lime The black knot is
kept down by cutting out whenever
it appears and the brown or ripe rot
can be kept under control by picking
and burning all fruits when the
speckled signs appear. In spraying
in the spring just before the leaves
come out the copper sulphate solution
should be used, and just after the
blossoms fall a weak solution of the
Bordeaux mixture should be used
About half strength of this will give
results. Spraying with Paris green
is recommended for the curculio, but
Earring the trees and catching the
bugs on sheet proves more efficient
The best varieties to plant are given
in this order; Burbank, Red June,
Abundance, Lombard, Bradshaw and
Chabot for commercial growing.
In writing about insects injurious
to staple crops the entomologist of
the Delaware station puts the annual
damages done to our crops by the nui-
sances to nearly half billion dollars.
Cultural strategy, as he calls it, must
depend for its success upon the farm
er's general knowledge of his chief
insect foes and friends. Ladybird
beetles in particular, should be recog.
nizable and protected, for they des-
troy innumerable hosts of plant lice
and insect scales. Likewise the Syr-
phus flies are friends of the farmer
and should be protected, as they live
on plant lice and insect pest, a single
maggot of the American Surplus fly
leaving as many as twenty five apple
plant lice in as many minutes A lit
tie study and discrimination will en-
able one to know his friends from his
foes among the insects of field and
garden, Prof. S. N. Doty, in Ex-
change.