The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-08-24

OF plan to call together those interested
In the eisht-hour movement. It Is gath
erinG designed for free exchange of
thought on the labor problem OF to-day.
The one aim is to give opportunity for OPP
posing sides in labor disputes to get to-
gether on neutral ground. Professor J..
B. Clark, of Columbia University, will
speak on '1s Compulsory Arbitration In
evitab1e?" and Carroll D. Wright on rs
There Solution to the Labor Question:
Governor Ezra P. Savage, OF Nebras-
ka, in his Labor Day proclamation. says:
ITO the hand that tolls society Is largely
indebted for its existence, welfare and
happiness Id!eness, whether in high or
low stations of life, is a germ of crime.
It is fungus growth on industry. No
pestilence contains so many elements OF
danger. Labor Is heritage. Providence
decreed that man should earn his bread
by the sweat Of his brow. The law of
Industry. therefore, Is immutabIe. To toll
is an hereditary legacy whose title can
not be passed Conditions may strike I'M
even balances between individuals which
may and do manifest their presence and
influences in the form of industrial dis
qrietude. but the most pitiable object is
not the one who IS required to labor in
cessantly, but the one whose keenest So
licitude inclines to physical lethargy. HUI
man architecture contemplates labor. and
lie tIIdl uNOilS ldUoi GULL 6SS HSS IldtuIeS
laws and does that which Is intended to
transform him into social. moral and
physical derelict. Honorable employment
in whatever capacity contains none of the
essence Of disrespect- If there is one
thing which more than another entities
individual to popular respect it is that
he eschews ideness. That alone marks
him with virtue in the estimation of all
mankind"
The yearly report of the official in
spectors on the state of labor In Ber-
lin and Its suburbs of Charottenburg,
Schoneberg and Rixdorf gives the total
number of persons employed in fac
tories and workshops within this area,
during 1901. as 233.76s or about one-tenth
of all the persons so employed in
Prussia. The total includes 152.s51 men.
66.4i0 women 14,2i2 young persons of II
to Is years of age, and AZ children. OF
the women os.n35 are from Is to q years
old, and 43,405 over q years old. The to-
tai number of those employed In facto-
ries and workshops only increased by 10
per cent. during 1901. as against 1o.5 per
cent. in the preceding year. The number
of male workers decreased by 1.3 per
cent, but there was an increase OF 10.1
per cent. in the number of females en-
ployed. The dizziness of trade has thrown
many persons out Of work. Inquiries
made by the inspectors of 1888 establish
ments showed that in the metal and ma
chine industries. the building. carpenter
ing and allied trades. there was de-
creas sc Of from 15.e51 to 10. 900 in the num-
Der of persons employed in October. 1891.
as compared with October, 1900. The iron
foundries dispensed with about SO per
cent. of their hands. 1t was calculated
that In the month OF November about T.
500 factory hands were out of work Many
firms have curtailed the hours Of work
The workmen in the machine factor'eS for
example. have earned on an average OF
is per cent less than usual.