davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-07-19

ferent from any other. The New Tesla
ment was published In 1861. Queen Eliza
beth mounted the throne of England In
1888, and one of the exiles quantity wrote:
The Lord has showed mercy unto Eng
land by the removal of Queen Mary by
that now liz In the seate." The refugees
were now free to return 20 England and
the Bible was nearly ali translated. but
Nottingham and one or two more did
larry at Geneva a year and half after
Queen Elizabeth came to the crown. being
resolved to go through with the work"
These men are supposed to have been VIII
nam Nottingham. Anthony Gilby, and
Ihomas Sampson. though others are be
lieyed to have helped them In the early
part of the work.
This version got It's name of the "Breech-
es Bible from the following translation of
Gen. III. 4: They sewed fig leaves together
and made themselves brooches"
The division of the Bible story into para
graphs and The use of italics were features
or the Geneva version. Its variations and
annotations were especially priced by the
Purltans It's spelling. use of capitals and
grammatical forms had many things which
now appear quaint. and some of the words
would not be recognized by the average
person today. Here are a few examples:
Stale for stole, plight for pitched. wanne
for the past Of win, brast for burst. fet for
fetched roume for room. kowe for COW.
gheste for guest. eie for eye, anie for any.
The Lords prayer ran as follows:
Our father which art in heaven hallowed
be thy Name; thy Kingdom come, thy will
be done even in the earth as 1t is in heaven.
Give VS. this day our daily bread and for
give VS. our dettes as we also forgive our
detters, and lead VS. not into tentation but
dome and the power and the glorie forever.
Amen"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-07-19
THE COLOR OF WATER.
It's Varying Shades Are Due to Two
Distinct Causes.


Recent Investigations of natural color in
| water show that it is due to two distinct
causes-vegetable stain and suspended
| matter. When the latter is present in ap
| probable quantity it causes turbidity and
is not a real pigment. The true color or
vegetable stain is greenish-yellow to red
dish brown, and Is due to decayed plant
| growth; the suspended matter is generally
mineral and often contains iron. The color
| acquired by water at the bottom of a deep
| pond is largely due to this cause.
Experts have adopted a method of stat
| ing the depth of color in water by COM
| parison with a mixture of platinum and
| cobalt, the color produced by one part of
| platinum to million parts OF water be-
Ing taken as the unit
Thus it has been shown that the color of
surface water depends both on the char
acter of the neighboring vegetation and
on the time that the water remains in
contact with it. Water near steep rocks,
where there are few trees, Will generally
be below twenty units in color; steep wood
ed or cultivated slopes give twenty to fifty
units; similar but gentler slopes, from five
to one hundred, and swamp areas, one hun
dred to five hundred, or even higher. High
ly colored waters are more common in the
northern states than In the south. Colsred
water Is gradually bleached by sunlight,
the action taking place chiefly within one
foot of the surface. The study of color in
water is of commercial Importance. because
most people object to drinking brownish
water. Hence in town water supply the
color must either be removed or its forma-
ton must be prevented. The latter is often
the most economical thing to do, and 1t
may be accomplished by intercepting the
water from the uplands and leading it
into the streams without letting 1t pass
through the sWampS.
Filtering through sand will not remove
the color from water, and even clay will
take IL artiallV Generally the
water must be altered chemically. as by
mixing with sulphate of aluminium, which
coagulates the zcoloring matter. The color
may also be removed by oxidation. as with
this method is not much in use at present.
The question lis largely one Of esthetics.
as natural coiering matter in water is
rarely harmful.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-07-19
Base Ball Notes.

st. Louis starts today, the game being
called at 1870.
Manager Lotus wanted to play very
much yesterday the Cleveands are COM
ing up fast.
With Lajoe and Bernhard out of the ag-
gregation, the Athletics should have easy
sailing for the next couple of days.
The ST. Louis team has struck it's true
gait and the Senators will have to play
ball to win out majority of the series.
Manager McAleer now regrets that Bur-
kett made that great catch in Baltimore
yesterday, as the great left fielder was Just
beginning to get into his true FORM and
Will now be laid up for some time.
Cleveland has participated in more extra
inning games than any American League
team.
The Athletics three victories over Chi
cago out of four games played is a record to
be proud Of.
Lajoie says that the people who run base
ball in Cleveland are white and he is
glad he went west.
The new Baltimore team gave St Louis
quite tussle
Barney Dreyfuss is a true sport, and he
has made many friends by his manly state
ment about the McGraw deal.
Manager Clark Griffith of the Chicago
team, wired Comisky yesterday to hurry
Mcfarland and Katon along and to have
them at Baltimore not later than Monday
When all the promised players arrive the
Orioles will be in great shape.
McGraW has been with New York for
about ten days. and the team has gone
deeper in the hole. Is Mack repeating his
St. Louis campaign of three years ago,
when he threw the gilded harpoon into
Frank Robson? 1t looks that way
According to the Brooklyn club officials
both McGinnity and Kelley belong to
the Brooklyns and the consent of the
Brooklyn club is needed before other clubs
are at liberty to sign them Cincinnati. 1t
seems, spoke to the Brooklyn people about
Kelley for one of its men-what man, Han
Ion would not say yesterday-but the man
was not forthcoming. The Brooklyn people
say that the matter of letting the players
their directors The Brooklynites say that
at the recent meeting when 1t was resolved
to go out after the American League play
ers, they did not give their consent to other
clubs signing players belonging to Brook
Ign. Nevertheless few doubt that McIin-
nifty will play with New York and KELLEY
with Cincinnatt-NewY York Sun.
1t was reported in New York YESTERDAY
that Christie MathewsOn, the erstwhile star
pitcher of the Giants. is shortly to be relea Sc
ed to st. Louis. 1t was quietly tipped off bv
those on the inside that Mathewson is to be
the bonus President Freedman will give the
Messrs. Robson in exchange for their Civ
ing up all claim to "Muggsy" McGraw. Al
though Mathewson Is reported to have won
his game in Cincinnati in brilliant shane
he is not considered a success by the SIM
pOrters of the Giants this season. Freed
man and McGraw refused to deny or affirm
the story. Robson wired from ST louis
refusing to confirm the report, but said he
would be pleased to get Mathewson
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-07-19
EARLY CIGAR TONGS.
Relics of the Days When Matches Were
Unknown.
From the New York Evening Post.

From the New York Evening Post.
Some customs seem to have as many lives
as the proverbial cat. In the good old
days of Queen Bess every smoker had in
his outfit pair of tobacco tongs. If he
We're gallant of the court, they were
made of silver, if a substantial merchant,
of brass, but if a workngman. of cheap
iron ware. They were a necessary imple-
known, and the only available fire in the
daytime was the blazing log upon the
hearth. With the poker a small piece of
glowing ember was broken off, which with
the tongs was applied to the freshly
charged pipe Hundreds of these tongs
are to be found in the collections of anti
guardians. Most of them clumsy OBJ
jects, but a few are SO graceful in outline
and artistic in workmanship that they
seem to be of French and Flemish rather
than English origin.
These tongs were revived on a small scale
some twenty years ago, when they were
employed for holding cigarettes. The Gig
arctic tongs Were from two to four inches
in length connected at the upper end by
a smart spring, which kept the ends to-
gether when in a position of rest When
used the smoker opened them and caught
the cigarette between the tips close up
to the mouth end. The continuance en-
abled the user to burn the cigarette down
to the last Whit, and protected the fingers
from the discoloring vapor that produces
the brown stain upon the fore and middle
| fingers The new tongs shown nowadays
are somewhat larger, and are intended to
hold cigars well as to reach a coal
from the fireplace to pipe. They are
made of iron, steel and gun metal and
many of the latter said to be manu-
featured from warships, cannon and other
trophies or the late war with Spain.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-07-19
NATIONAL WEALTH.
Prosperity of the United States Comes
From Mine and Farm.
From the Hartford Courant.

From the Hartford Courant.
1t is a fact which many persons seem to
forget that all the material wealth comes
out of the ground. The pathetic stories
from the large cities connected with the
fresh air aids have told mere than once OF
little children who had never seen green
grass and who had no idea of the open
country until given these outings. There
are grown-up people of abundant wealth
who are equally ignorant of what the coun-
try is in its relation to general business
interests. They assume that when stocks
go up 10 points the country is richer there
by. and that when great syndicate takes
S50,0O.000 worth of property and capital
ICES it a. S50O,0p0,O0O, this paper perform
ance has created S4JO000.90 of new wealth.
They buy and sell and go specializing
through life on this sort of assumption,
and do not stop to think that it is only s
the iron and coal are dug up and as the
sunshine and the rain bring the grain to
the harvest that anything is added TO what
already is. If we should find at the end OF
the season that the early drouths and the
later floods that have been so prevalent
have resulted in a serious Gripping of the
crops, If investigation demonstrates that
we have consumed more than we have pro-
duced, then no amount of booming can
keep prices up. AS yet ii is early to de-
termine as to this. We have an immense
agricultural territory, and the flood de-
stroying everything in one valley may
bring needed moisture to thousands of
square miles Of other fields and prove
vastly more beneficial than injurious. 1t
is the destructive flood we hear of rather
than the fructifying showers. But mean
while it is well to bear in mind that while
spectators can grow rich in their big
deals, and the world can watch with Won
der their great achievements. still they are
not producers. Somebody else gives up
what they get and it is the unnoticed pro-
Queer who furnishes the tangible material
dement's of prosperity. Even legitimate
buying and selling. what goes under the
general name of trade and keeps so many
people busy, adds nothing to what already
is. When two men trade horses there
are still only those two horses at the end
of the trade.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-07-19
The Smallpox Germ.


One reason why the smallpox germ Is so
hard to conquer is that he can assume so
many different forms He can transform
himself from DR.. Jekyll into Mr. Hyde, and
into two other distinct persons al will. One
can never tell which metamorphosis he may
assume. AS Mr.. Hyde, he is known to the
medical profession as Haemorrhagic a
murderous, deadly fellow that covers his
antagonist with wounds that bleed so
copiously the afflicted one rarely survives
more than a few hours. or at most, a few
days. In one of his other characters he bears
the name Of Confluent, as which he raises
poisonous welts on the skin Of the victim
very thickly, and they have a tendency to
coalesce. In this character he infiIcts
wounds more painful but less fatal Tho
Discrete type manifests himself in fewer
papules and is less vigorous in his assaults
The Varioloid is the gentlemanly DR.
Jekyll, held in check by vaccination: and
although there is no installing his identity,
he is mi1d-mannered and well-disposed to
the sufferer. A victim may be exposed to
the Haemorrhagic type. and yet the dis
ease which develops In his own system may
be any of the other varieties and similarly
through all the combinations In which
form the disease will make its appearances
can never be predicted with certainty.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-07-19
BIG GAME IN MEXICO.
Stirring Hunting Tales Told by Civil
Engineer of Life in Coahuila.
From the Mexican Herald.

From the Mexican Herald.
A civil engineer recently returned from
the hacienda of Jimulco in Coahuila. an
immense property containing over 1000
square kilometers, tells some stirring tales
of shooting wild game. Antelopes abound, but
great care is necessary in approaching these
willy creatures, owing to their habit of al
ways placing one or two on guard while
the rest of the herd is feeding The senti-
nels, faithful to their duty, remain with
head erect, peerlng and shifting to the four
points of the compass, and give a swift
alarm the moment an enemy appears in
sight.
Not long since a party Of young men
were hunting the javali, or wild hog, and,
coming up with a number, one OF the
hunters succeeded in killing one and dis
mounted to secure it. AS he approached
his prey a dozen more javali that were
hiding in the tall grass attacked him fe-
rociousiy, and one fastened his tusks in the
hunters heel, hanging on like grim death.
The others came to their companions as
sistance and the brute was killed but the
tusks were sunk so deep into the heel that
the hogs jaws had to be pried apart with
a gunbarrel before the man was freed.
Strange as 1t may seem. the wound closed
quickly and with no serious results.
On this same hacienda are both wild dogs
and wild burros, the latter being remark
ably swift and hard to take. Some time ago
pup was caught and tanned, developing
into fine watchdog. but though every eff
fort was made to secure a mate for him 1t
has not been possible.
1t is not generally realized that the noun
tain lions of Mexico VIII attack a man, but
several recent encounters show them to be
as dangerous for men as for beasts One
of the mozos in recent hunting party had
but one hand, the stump of his left arm
bearing witness to a terrible struggle with
lion he had shot and then approached
thinking the brute was dead. A gentleman
cd In hn CT 70 81
of certain spring where two men have
been killed by lions while camping there
for the night. These brutes follow a man
for miles, like the panther. Iured on by the
portunity to spring on the traveller. A
mountain lion was recently killed in
Michoacan that measured three meters
from tip to tip
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-07-19
Queens Gambit Declined.

fa> Leading only to an equality of position, at
the most.
%, Into consideration might come 0 800. R-K.
&c, move not alone strong. but rather necessary
TO prevent White from 20 P-Qkt4, followed by
Kt-Kt3. and eventually Kt-QB5.
I'D Probably strongest. If 20 POS the pawn
would become weak; obviously 20 PIP loses the
queen.
tel Here Black overestimates the security of
their position and court complication not TO their
advantage
81 The knights become all powerful. and
Blacks plan to sacrifice the exchange for two
pawns is not. the sequel shows, satisfactory;
perhaps better % Do
tg) If % R-KB; 26 RxB, QxR; q kt-K1ch,
K-R; rs ORR and wins.
th) % Q-Kt3 is more direct win: For If in
5epy Gh M kM % and sd Wins Wins s anhy
On % K-Bsq; % Q-R5, P--B3; 80 QxRP, @
KB2 left Black with playable game.
Ul II % P-B3; 50 Kt-BT equally wins.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-07-19
Cycle Race Postponed.

The races scheduled for the Coliseum last
night had to be postponed until a later
date, as the rain made the track unfit for
work. Bowl tracks have to be in perfect
condition for motor races and the down
pour left the Coliseum track damp and
slippery, that the contests would have
been extremely hazardous. Manager Os-
good and Cyclist Champion, after confer
ring, decided to call the race off. A prior
engagement in New York took the great
cyclist out of the city last night, or the
races would have started tonight. Next
Wednesday night the great circuit meet
will be held at the Coliseum, bringing all
the star riders of the country together.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-07-19
BooKL35O YEARS OLD.
Only First Edition Copy in America Of
"Breeches'' Bible.

From the Chicago Record Herald.
Mrs. Kate Galloway Holcomb of Ellis,
Vernon county Mo-, is the owner of a copy
of the first edition of the Geneva Bible, Of
ten called the Breeches Bible. 1t is rare
and valuable book, dating from 1850 This
Geneva version Of the Scriptures went
through more than 100 editions, many Of
them printed in London, but copies of the
first edition. printed by the English exiles
in the Swiss city, are precious. The Mis-
souri, copy was brought to America from
Dungannon. Ireland, by James K. Leech
and its present owner knows of no other
on this side of the Atlantic.
During the prosecutions OF Bloody Mary
colony of about 500 Engiishmen fled to
Geneva to secure religious liberty. Among
them were a number of highly educated
men, and they undertook the translation Of
the Bible for the use of the refugees. They
used the works of Calvin, Tindale, Beza
and others, but made a version notably diff
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-07-19
FINALS TODAY.
James Defeated Reinhart in Semi
Finals by Clever Putting.

The semi-finals of the amateur golf cham
pionship tournament, at Glenview, near
Chicago, were gone through with yesterday
and the winners. Byers of Pittsburg and
James of Chicago, contest for first honors
today. Mr.. Byers made runaway race of
his match with DR.. Fredericks, as told in
last evenings Star. but the James Reinhart
match started too late for publication.
The element of luck entered largely in
yesterdays games, although 1t did not affect
the ultimate results. Topped brassies that
went into bunkers and then jumped out
again, stymies, the use of lifting irons twen-
ty feet from the holes, and balls covered
with mud were features of the play that
tried the nerves of the contestants to the
utmost. Reinhart. who almost invariably
gets off low drives and brassies sent three
of them into bunkers. Had they stayed In
the hole they would probably have been
lost In each instance. but each time the ball
jumped out into good lie. Twice, however
he topped iron shots into the duck pond the
last time with fatal results, as it proved
the deciding hole of the game Reinharts
iron shots, as rule. were perfect, while
James putting won him many holes James
especially excelled in this, and he practical
~ won in the afternoon by twice putting
the bail in the hole from distances of about
twenty feet.
James and Reinhart started play at 2:3O
pm. Reinhart made 1t ; up by winning the
nineteenth hole in 5-6, James approach be-
ing bad. James drive for the twentieth
reached the green; Remnants was almost
equally good, and the hole was halved
A. Reiuhart won the twenty first by 81
holding a beautiful eight-fOot putt from the
side of the HILL Reinhart was three yards
from the hole on his third. but James holed
a twelve-foot putt, and won, As. Reinhart
was then 3 up.
The match was squared at the thirtieth
hole, Reinhart, to everybodys astonish-
ment and his own chagrin, missing ten
inch put for half. James took the lead
at the thirty-second, boiling down twenty
foot putt for 3.
The thirty-thrd hole was halved in g.
James saving himself by seven-foot putt
The thirty-fourth was halved in 4. Both
got into the rough driving for the thirty
fifth. but were out beautifully. Reinhart
went into the pond on his third and in the
bushes on his fifth. He was over on his
seventh, and gave up the hole. James was
2 up. to play. The medal score:
James:
Out. 6 4 44735 49,
In. .................. 5 5 5 3 6 5 x-37
Reinhart:
Out. 5 4 4 5 5 9 4 4H43
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.. 8 4 6 5 4 @ xA2
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-07-19
Queens Gambit Accented.

II
(a) P-Q5 might be tried but Blacks OR would
come later Into powerful play
tb) OF course, to prevent Black from P-QKt4
tcl OF course the isolation of the pawn is largely
a theoretical question. 1t being the belief of the
writer that 1t Is a source of strength in that 1t
restricts very much the Black OBJ by holding back
the Black KIP.
(d) Any attempt to win Pawns on the queens
side would probably be DISASTROUS. owing to the
undeveloped state of the pieces on that side
(el As will be seen the surrender of the P leaves
White free to continue the kings side attack
Moreover, the move threatens R-K5
(f) Probably better was % .... QKt-O4: "a Bx
"a BOP.
(el Hasty play and missing a direct winning ad-
vantage by % BxP.
(h) Notwithstanding 'bishop of opposite color"
White has retained strong attack.
(D II 3S ...., R-R, White wins rather neatly by
80 QxB CHI. QxQ, &c.
Gl No answer exists to the threat R-KB3 the
Whites 44th rendering Blacks intention of two
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-07-19
FAHRENHEIT THERMOMETER.
Origin of a Scientific instrument il
Every UaY Use

From the New Orleans Times Democrat.
Sir Samuel Wilks, writing to knowledge,
gives the history of the origin of Fahren-
heits thermometer, which is generally used
in this country 1t was really invented by
Sir Isaac Newton, and the starting point of
his scale was the heat of the human body.
Newton's paper is to be found in the 'Philo-
sophtcal Transactions for the year 1T01.
He describes his instrument as glass tube
filled with linseed oil, and to it he attached
liquid into which he plunged it. His lowest
was that of boiling water He chose for the
starting point his scale the heat of the
human body, and this he called by the round
number u, the duodecimal system being
then in uSe-that is, he divided the space
between the freezing point and the temper
allure Of the body into twelve parts. He
further stated that the boiling point would
be about 30, as 1t was nearly three times
that of the human body.
A few years afterward, when Fahrenheit
was working a the subject of heat, he took
Newton's instruments for his experiments.
but finding the scale not minute enough
he divided each degree into two parts, and
SO made it measure "a instead of II. He
also did more, for, finding he could obtain
lower temperatures than freezing and not
ably that of ice and salt mixed together, ne
took this for his starting point. 1t was
from this point he began to count "a de-
grees up to body heat. This made, by his
measurements, the point for freezing.
Boiling point he made 80. 1t then became
zero, freezing s, body heat "a and boiling
water 3d. This was really the same as
Newton's, only the scale started lower and
the numbers We're doubled. Later on, find
ing that he could measure increments of
heat more infinitely, Fahrenheit divided
each degree into four parts. 1t will now be
seen that if the numbers just mentioned
are multiplied by four we have the Their
mometer which is now in use
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-07-19
Wild Rumor From Cleveland.

A special from Cleveland says that 1t is
understood IN base ball circles there that
Barney Dreyfus, owner of the Pittsburs
National League Club. will take the fran
chise of the Baltimore American League
Club. The latter was forfeited by it's own
ers when Freedman of New York took the
pick of the Baltimore players to New York.
The Dreyfus deal may work out in either
of two ways. He may fill out the Baltimore
schedule this year and then remove the
team to New York for next season, or he
may resign his National League member
ship and have Pittsburg instead of Balti-
more in the American League next year.