davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-12-16
Washington an Armed Camp.

Insurrection soon broke out and Wash
ington was in the brief period of year
transformed from peaceful city-almost
village-like in it's simplicty-to an armed
camp.
Sumter had been fired on and the Presi-
dent had called for $1,000 men to defend
the nations offended honor For a period
of five years Washington was the center of
interest to the entire world. Monarchical
Europe was watching h keenest Zest the
internal strife in the young republic and
predicting that its end was near.
OF the great events of that war the read
ers of The Star are familiar today, as they
were all faithfully chronicled at the time.
Indeed, it is a matter of absorbing interest,
even at this day, to turn back to the pages
of The Star for the cunts of the stirring
events of that period On more than one
occasion the capital itself was threatened
by the enemy, and The Stars accounts OF
these threatened attacks and the excite
ment among the people will always make
interesting reading.
But no less interesting the accounts
OIL the proceedings of the law-making body.
The government back of the armies in the
field was composed of practically new ma
terial new set of names had come to be
heard and read of the doors of big
things and the makers of history. Webster,
Clay and Benton had all passed away. In
deed, their going was almost Identical
with the advent of The Star. Webster
died October "a. 1852 His public ut
terances for several years prior to his
death had been full of gloomy forebodings.
He could see only troubles ahead for the
country. Calhoun had disappeared from the
political stage two years previously. Clay
died in July, 1852. Benton survived till
1858, but he had been retired from the
Senate several years before by the &C.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-12-16
A HALF CENTURY OF NATIONAL
HISTORY CHRONICLED BY THE STAR.
By D. I. MERCER.

swerving adherence to this view Of the
fundamental law of the land had nearly
precipitated war in the time of Jackson,
when the South Carolinian proposed to put
his ideas into practical effect by nullifica-
ton. Andrew Jackson was then President
and notification had to await better op-
portunity. This opportunity came soon
after the advent of The Star. The men who
had sacrificed ambitions and careers for the
maintenance of peace at any price were
fast passing away. With their death toll
erance of differing opinion had ceased. The
irrepressible conflict was at hand.
History Making Epoch.
After the advent of The Star great events
began to follow each other with startling
rapidity 1t was indeed a history making
epoch The political struggle between free
dom and slavery. which had been accen-
tuated by the repeal of the Missouri COM
promise, was soon brought to a more prac-
teal and forceful test in the states border
ing on the lines defined in that famous law.
The people of Kansas and Missouri had
begun to fight two or three years before
war broke out between the north and the
south.
John Brown of Osawatomie, Kan, brought
the war to the east Temporizing and
compromising were to fail when an armed
revolutionary force had captured gov
eminent arsenal within few hours
march of the capital. 1t was the privilege
of The Evening Star to report this, the most
momentous event preceding the great con-
fict which followed. Robert Z. Lee, who
was to play so conspicuous a part in the
coming war, went in the service of the
government in the interest of law and
order" to suppress the revolt. 1t was not
difficult task from military standpoint.
1t was only a handful of fanatics against a
regiment of the nations best trained SOL
ders. But the event fired the hearts of the
north and south for mortal combat
Then followed the conventions and cleo
ton which resulted in the choice of Abra-
ham Lincoln for President.
During this exciting period Washington
was convulsed as it had never been before.
1t became the lot of The Star to chronicle
the great events preceding and attending
the inauguration of the next President The
friends of the new administration were few
in Washington. Change is not a popular word
al any time in governmental circles. 1t
was particularly obnoxious in the days of
Lincoln The uncouth, kind-hearted back
woodsman only by strategy reached the
capital of the country he had been elected
to govern. Assassins lay in wait FOR him
al many points.
The advent of the new administration was
followed fast by events which go to make
up history. Calhoun's ideas had taken firm
root in the south and the southern states
were ready for the ''irrepressible conflict"
Lincoln had a Difficult, task ahead.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-12-16
Benton of Missouri.

Another colossal figure in American poll
tics, who had commanded great attention
in the Senate, was Thomas H. Benton
of Missouri. Benton could scarcely be
called a slavery man. in the sense that the
term was used in his times. Coming from
what was then the middle west, his ideas
about the extension of slavery had more
day. Like Webster, Benton was for the
maintenance of the established institutions
of the country. Webster, who was known
as 1.-The great eXpounder of the Constitu-
tion," wavered in his closing years on the
question of slavery. His friends said it was
thing established in the Constitution His
enemies declared that this new attitude in
his vote on the later questions involved in
the struggle for human liberty was be-
cause he wanted the vote of the slave hold
ing south for the presidency.
Benton believed in the Union. He was
willing to waive the question of slavery
lean republic was maintained. Indeed, all
these men, Calhoun excepted, however
much they may have differed as to
methods, never disagreed as to the para
mount necessity of the preservation intact
of the union of the states.
of what had become to be known as the
strict constructionists in their interpreta-
ton of the Constitution. Calhoun's I'M
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-12-16

were clamoring for the extinction of the
institution which had been established
by an article of the Constitution.
The benefciaries of human bondage, if
there were in reality any such, were di-
vided to those benefits, from the stand
point of either commercial gain moral
right. The political fight had been going
on in Congress for almost half a century.
Like Banquo's ghost, it would not down.
Means looking to abolition of slavery in
one form or another had been tackled on
to almost every important item of legisla-
ton that had been offered for fifty years.
An Era of Compromise.
The men and measures from the Missouri
compromise to the Wilmot proviso mark
distinct era. The first was an era of COM
promise. Henry Clay of Kentucky, the
great pacificator,' was then in the zenith
of his great parliamentary power. A rep
resentative of the section where slavery
had firm hold, he was ready to sacrifice
all for the maintenance of the union Of the
states In fact. he did sacrifice all that
altar of the public good He lost the nomi-
nation for the presidency from his own
party.
American politics, a contemporary of Clay,
had fought the battle for human freedom
in the Interpretation of the Constitution.
He was the great parliamentary expounder
of the fundamental law of the young re-
public. just as Chief Justice Marshall was
it's exponent and factor in a judicial way.
Opposed to them was John c. Calhoun,
who had stood out for human slavery
through thick and thin. Calhoun never
tried evasion or compromise. He was
first, last and all the time an avowed
exponent of slavery. With others of his
party, which then included prominent mem
bers of the Christian church militant, Cal
houn maintained that slavery was a good
thing, perhaps of Divine origin. But Cal
houns greatest reputation lay in his pecu-
liar construction of the Constitution. He
claimed that the general government was
poweress to coerce a state to enforce the
laws of Congress to which state legislation
objected.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-12-16
Based on Progress in Science.

Apparently no progress viewed in purely
scientific light could vie with such sensa-
tiOnal achievements as are thus accredited
to mechanical force But these results are
to the broad organic laws which underlie
them only what the historic apple was to
Newton or the equally historic pendulum
to Gallileo; they are mere outward signs
of inward forces.
Every achievement in science has con-
sisted in pointing out likenesses that had
before remained undetected." Newton's
great accomplishment was to detect the
likeness between the chief objects of the
stellar system and the humble objects of
household use. From the pronouncement
of his theory dates the worlds knowledge
that the universe is everywhere subject
to the same law of gravitation. This was
the first great step toward the unification
of nature. The eminence of the past fifty
years rests on two supplementary steps
which are of approximately the same i'm
sportance. The first was the discovery by
Kirchhoff and .3unsen in 1861 of the spec
trum analysis, which established that in
all parts of the universe the interior con-
stitution of matter is the same; that every
where the same laws and same funGamen-
tai principles of action prevail. The sec
ond lay in the dissolution of the old the
Dry that the world had grown by success
sve catastrophes and in the establishment
in its stead of the knowledge that its mil
lions of years have evolved changes
throughout the universe which were not
chaotic or unrelated, but which followed
an Ineligible course from one state to
another, a course like the development of
ovum into a mature animal.
How far this law is to be applied by
succeeding ST udents is now problematical.
The hope of the biologist is to prove
unbroken chain of selection and develop
ment from inanimate matter to living or
ganisms. But this disposition to reduce
the universe to a material level was much
more marked twenty years ago than now.
Today, while it is accepted that the whole
concept of life and knowledge has taken
possession of the human mind within the
memory of men now living, this concept has
already been diverted from the reduction
Of every known thing to the level of mat
ter to the elevation of every form of eX-
istence to the level of mind. The material
attitude is passing. Undoubtedly the philo-
sophie position of the leading physicists at
the close of the century is devout. The
outlook appears to them not a barren
wilderness of materalistic atheism. but
land of promise energized and suffused by
divine immanent and all-inclusive spirit.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30
STATE VS.. U. S. BONDS.
Federal Government Accepts Viz
Sini,.s ilI. 0. U.s., as Security.

Judge Dew second auditor of the State,
has heen busy for the past few days
transferring virginia State bonds.
Recently the Secretary of he Treasury
and the Co-7ptro'ler of Currency decided
10 receive Virginia bon3s as security for
currency held in the united States deposit
taries in this city and the recent trans
ferring has been due to that cause.
Formerly the government accepted only
United States bonds as security. but the
hi"h standing Of Virg'nia's bonds has
justified the treasury officials in receiving
them instead OF government securities.
Nearly all Of the bonds that have been
transferred SO far are owned by the banks
Of the city. The State officials and the
banks are great y pleased at the action
Of the treasury authorities in this mat
ter.
Judge Dew stated yesterday that tho
transfer of bonds SO far for this week
amounted TO 1891 600. with S1090lO more in
sight. The transfer for Monday was $4,000:
for Tuesday. s1;7.QO0; and for yesterday.
$ll4,o01. According to the plan arranged
by the Secretary Of the Urea snry and the
Comptroller of Currency, 100000 of the
Virginia bonds is held as collateral by the
treasury for every $4,000 in currency de-
posted at the banks acting as deposi-
taries for United States funds.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30
E1,mp1c Of Results on Il Policy In
the Northwestern Mutual Life In
surancc Company.

In October 1857. resident of Richmond
took policy. No 100 JAS. with an annual
premium Of S132. As on the ordinary ME
plan. with dividends deferred for hfteen
years His total payments on thlS
policy have amounted to 81 9SG,75. and he
now receives s2025,.0 in cash. In ether
words. after enjoying $1,000 insurance at
the above low Ordinary life) rate OF prem
um for fifteen years all payments are
returned with $3.50 in addition.
There We're other options OF settlement
for instance, Withdrawing the fifteen year
surplus accommodations amounting 10 s9~o.'o
IN cash-beinS IS per cent. OF premium
pai5-and continuing the policy for $1,000
at the original rate of premium, less divl-
dends annually, the net cost annually
approXimatinS $50.
Examples of actual results at other ages
will be furnished upon request.
r. ~. CARY. General Agent.
NO 1901 Main Street.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30
".tG. AND LITTLE" CHURCHES.
Right Of Existence of Latter Alleged
to y,rxf, Escn Questioned.

The next meeting of the Baptist Minis
icrial Conference. which will be held to-
lay. bids fair TO be an interesting, if not
exciting one
At the last meeting discussion arose
Between the Rev. w T. Huro.ey and Rev.
NJ Ashby Jones over the relations of
the large and the small churches. in
which many of the ministers partici-
pated During the talk. Il is alleged at
the statement was made that many of the
smaller churches had no right to eX-
istence. AS q consequence both Of the
gentlemen are preparing papers to be read
at the next meeting. Mr. Jones feels
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30
Citizens There VIII Entertain Her
Most !TandscmeIy.


NORFOLK. VA. October 2a.-lSpeciat.,
Miss Helen Gould arrived here tonight.
Miss Gould's visit to Norfolk at this time
Is due to her interest in the Naval Young
MEMS Christian Aesoca ton. which has
been recently established here. She is
greatly interested in tha evaneelization
OF the soldiers and sailors of the United
States. and is giving largely OF her means
to that end. She has greatly assisted In
the erection Of splendid Naval Young
Mems Christian Association building m
Brooklyn n. Y. and there is talk Of q
similar building being erected here. the
naval station in this port offering such
fine fed for Christian endeavor of tina
character. Miss Gonld's visit here at
this time is IN evidence of her desire to
see this fH!d fully developed and the
young sailors who rer-3czvo1,S here pro
v''ed With e',e~v means possible for their
religious wel'beine. The blre jackets on
the receiving-s!lip Franklin have ar
ranged minstrel Pc Torrance in her
honor. \ ~~oat public reception in
which Norfoli's for emost citizens will
0artscip"te. will be given her at St
Luke's church tomorrow.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30

The following marriage licenses were Is
5red in the city yesterday.
White-Gtorgc II. Howard. resident of
Louisa county and Ella Duke.
Walter e. Birchert, Of Richmond, and
Eerta Allen.
William A Clarke, Jr., OF Richmond,
nd Eliza Jeanette Bow1es.
Thomas W. Ti1aberlake. of New Kent
county. and Anne Gertrude Minor
William F. Ccsgins. of Baltimore, Md,
nd Mabel Grace Williams.
Robert II. Lee. OF Manchester, and
Harriet Y. Andrews.
Witcher j. Heath, Of Richmond. and
rirsinia Lee Baker.
r. Ernest Delaney, of Richmond, and
Ilcy c. Dunavant.
Colored-.Dannie Washington. aged Is,
+ Richmond. and LIZZIE Harris. aged Is.
Edmund Giles. aged IS. of Richmond,
nd Mamie Harris. aged IS.
Charles O. Edwards, of Portsmouth,
"a, and Alice Davis.
Suit has been Instituted in the chan
cry court by Juliette l. Brown against
,e,, husband. Richard L. Brown, for an
bsolute divorce
Smith. Moncure &, Gordon are attorneys
or the complainant.
In the Law and Equity Court yesterday
,fternoon in the case of Caroline Reynolds
eajnst the Richmond Passenger and
power Company the jury returned YER
lict for $50 in favor of the plaintiff. Al
red E Cohen represented the plaintiff
md Henry Taylor the defendant.
Judgment was rendered yesterday in
~, s-,,;{ Is =
Natsky Us. L. and NJ. Sonnenberg for $50.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30
HAS T1?HOID-FESER.
Governor Yates, of Illinois. SuFarin.
With This Disease

SPRINGFIELD. ILL. October e9.-Gov.
ernor Yates is suffering with typhoid
fever. THIS fact is practically admitted
by Er. l.. c. Taylor. his attending pn1-
sician. It will be a day or two before al,
accurate diagnosis of the case can b.
made, but the physician has found svn,r
toms of the disease. and thus far. has
3et been able to check the raging fever
from which the patient is suffering.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30
wANAMAKER BUYS A BLOCK
cures Another Large Piece of New,
York Real Estate.

>cureS Another LarGe T'1cce OF New
York Real Estate.
NEW YORK. October 29.-John Wana-.
aker acquired title from John B. Hahn
esserday to Nos. 46 to so Fourth avenue
re property comprises a siXtv-foot front
re adjoining the Germania Theatre par
81 on Eighth street. which Mr.. Wana.
,aker secured recently. The Hahn pro-
erty includes three old three-story brick
uildngs. forty-four feet north of Eighth
.trect.
The Germania Theatre plot adjoining
he Fourth avenue properties. fronts,
10 with a depth Of 81.
i Mr. Wanamaker now owns nearly the
N tire Fourth avenue side Of the block.
founded by Eighth and Ninth Streets
east OF Broadway The Wanamaker store
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30
cody OF NOTED CONVICT.
Arthur Spcncer7s FeIiow-Conv1cts
snve Him from Potter,s Field

BALTIMORE, MD, October :9.-The
body of Arthur Spencer. the noted con-
vict who committed suicide in the Mary
land penitentiary on Thursday last was
buried to-day In the Western Cemetery.
the expenses having been paid with
fund raised by his fellow-convicts.s 4!
his way the body was saved rom the
potter'S field.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30

Among the many good things engaged
for future issues OF the Religious Herald
are six letters of travel from
the pen of DR.. Robert P. Kerr,
the pastor of the First Presbyterian
church in Richmond. The titles are
"Glimpses of Ireland 1.-TWO papers,,
"Glimpses Of Cork and Barney
"Glim0ses Of Ed.nburg. "Glinpses Of
London and "Recollections of Great
London Churches
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30
covers the next block bounded by NlntE
and Tenth streets, Broacway ana toufth
avenue.
NEW PACIFIC RECORD.
From Japan to San Francisco, 1000
Miles, In Ten Days.

SAN FRANCISCO, October 2e.-The
Pacific Mail Companys new steamer
Korea, arrived yesterday from 1ohonaHl's
breaking the record across the racine.
The steamer made no stop between lne
coast of Japan and her nome port anu
came flying through the water at tne
average rate Of nearly 500 niles Gay.
From Yokohama by direct me 10 oan
Francisco is 1905 miles. The Korea salieu
from the japanese port on October lStf
and made the passage in ten days, aver
aging 40 miles q day.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30
A Veteran Typo.

Mr.. Henry Myers. retired printer IS
wishing his daughter IN Raleigh. y. c.
Mr.. Myers is, in length of service. one Of
The Oldest members of the craft In Rich
mond He began, when a boy, in the Of
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30
Removal Sale.

Constable Brothers have reduced in
price:
$50 Suits to s25.
$50 Suits to So,
All suitings and trousers reduced in
price.
50 and $3.50 wool shirts and drawers, re-
duced to sl.50
s1.z5 shirts and drawers reduced to soc
the garment.
A large lot of neckwear-four-in- hands
SOC kind. now &c.
:5c. Linen Collars, sizes. II to IS, odd
styles, sc. each.
CONSTABLE BROTHERS.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30

fee of the. Central Presbyterian. and at
1..c end of fifty years, resigned the Office
of foreman, which he had held for long
time
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30
what WIN the C1earin-s Be.

The bank clearings of Richmond from
Jan. l. 1902, to Oct. l. 1902. show a total of
SIS, SIC. lG9. 49.
What will be the total Dec. 81. 1922
The clearings for August were SIS a3l,-
1858. and for September. s16 595. 769.9S ii
you come nearest 70 the total for the yea:
1902 before Nov. ] s55 will be added to the
first prize. Read the big advertisement
and act to-day.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30

7 Clara Napier harbored Mamie Grant
daughter of Mrs. Belle Hughes: 500 al
the parties were white
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30

Z. NJ Roscher. attorney for ]. !. Mc1n-
Josh. Instituted suit Yesterday afternoon
in the Law and Equity Court for di-
vorce from Sslllie Mcintosh The separa-
ton is asked for on the ground Of deser-
tion
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30
EFFECTS WE'RE BURNED
md Jefferson Hotel Was Sued for
DainnCes-Court News.

The case of Mrs King VS.. the Jefferson
Hotel Company will come up for hearing
in the Law and Equity Court this morn
ing The suit IS for 500 to recover for
.arnases for the loss Of wearing apparel
which was consumed when the hotel
burned in March. 1900.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30

The Rev Carey E. Morgan will not go
to Wilson. n. c.. to make an address as
he intended. owing to the funeral service
of Albert Shepherd TO be held this after
noon at O'Clock.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30

The Rev. Frank Meade. the new rec
tor of ST. Lukes Episcopal church. Of
this city has reached edmond, and will
take up his work here on Sunday next.
At that time he will preach his first SER
mon to his congregation.
y reception to the new rector will be
rendered tonight at st. Luke's.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30

James S. Manning, selling nswspa pers
and cigars on Sunday; 50.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30

that he was misunderstood and will take
the trouble to put himself arigh. on the
sub iect
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30

c. c. Blankenship {white) was arraign-
cd by his wife on the charge of beat
irg and cursing her. He took the oath
Tor twelve months and was released.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30
on ALL RALLOWS EVE
sUEER supERsTrTroNs WHICH
MARK THE ANNIVERSARY.
FALLS ON FRIDAY THIS YEAH.
pr,r,pn1,y Had Religious sgni-
aeancc. INT halloween I'm Modern
Times is Given over I" the a"es-
,foasna of Fate In Many ola
Forms.
auEER srpERsTrTroNs WHO
FALLS ON FRIDAY THIS YEAR,
u,d Religious apni-
snoo NM halloween I'm Modern

Friday evening is Halloween o' 80
IIa,iows eve. name derived from 'i'e
,ac; tfat it Immediately precedas AL
ssi.,tc. Day. The celebration OF the Jay
,r rather OF the night, originally ha'i :"
religious Significance entirely, whereas "a
.,os;c,n times 1t is given chiefly pasal'
Observance, in the form Of questioning
fsi. in many popular supersd'ions,
o.. Halloween 1t has long been t"s
fo,ua.y among young people to ten i is
s,acs. Spooks. COLLINS. and disempoateo
.,,irits arc supposed 10 be at liberty anu
5osr nj hand on this OF AL evenings Oh
.,,a ,aieaGar year. While few really ere,
t;,t any of the popular myths connec,e'
a,ih me various forms Of Halio"e en-
,-nusemerrts. there is a vein OF super SUI
sor, il, many and of ilumor in others anu
/, IS or, OF the TWO that the quaint We''u
.,,stnY,s Of celebration Of the day nave
s-own. Il, some parts OF the Iii.eu
rtates uarticularly in the country ais
,r;cts halloween parties are senela
md afford deal OF fun and amusement
10 tho young people and particularly 10
yi-1s Various tests are resorted TO 10 as
eertain What fate has in store for one
ssneciaIly in love affairs. NanS OF THESE
,ffors no end of merriment TO the on
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30

Mr.. j.. W. Wood hit Mary Lee In the
Swore at him, and both were dismissed.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-10-30
HELEN GOULD IN NORFOLK.

Harry Post, fighting in the street. SIS