Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-02-25
TELLS WHAT OLEO IS.
Iowa Man Makes Report on Bogus
Butter.
GIVES THE HISTORY or THE STUFF
Was First Manufactured in France
Where the Government Offered a
Prize for the Best Substitute for But
ter-Its American Career.
Washington Bureau the Courier.
WaShinGtOn, Feb. 20.

washington, + 60. ~.
John H. CARRIER of Iowa, expert
special agent in the census bureau
was requested to investigate the oleo-
margarine question in all it's details
and make a report After visiting
many oleo establishments in various
parts of the country. securing data
and information, Mr.. CARRIER made a
report-not yet misunderstanding
the result of his conversations and
deductions.
CARRIERS Report.
In view of the approaching debate
in the senate on the eleomargarine
tanned by Mr.. CARRIER will be of
CARRIER says:
History.
"Oleomargarine was first manufac
tured in France. In 1869 the French
war office DESTROYS OF discovering a
substitute for butter offered a prize
for the best substitute After series
OF experiments, Mege-Mouries was
persuaded that the butter fat contain
ed in milk was observed from the ami
NAL tissues of the COW, and his at
tention was then directed to the dis
covery of a process that would separ-
ate from beef fat the oil similar to
that in milk. The method finally de-
vised by him for the manufacture of
oleo oil was to heat finely minced
beef fat with water, carbonate of pot
ash, and small fragments of fresh
stomachs of sheep, to temperature
of about lis degrees F. The in
fluence of the heat together with the
pepsin contained in the Sleeps stom-
ach, separated the fat from the eel
lular tissue. This fatty matter was
then removed and when cool was sub
jected to hydraulic pressure sufficient
to separate the stearin. The oleo oil
was then churned with milk and water
in the proportion of ten pounds of oleo
oil to four pounds of milk and three
pints of water. The resulting com.
pound was washed and declared ready
for use.
Attracts Notice in United States.
The industry was early introduced
into the United States but statistics Of
its manufacture prior to 1886 are I'm
reliable. In that year congress pass
ed an act regulating it's manufacture
and imposing a tax OF two cents {
pound on the product. From tina
date more exact information is obtain
able. In 1887 there were 21,513,53
pounds made, and the present repor
shows product of nearly five time
that amount.
The equipment consists principal
of the machinery of power, meltin
tanks, mixing tanks. milk receptacle!
churns, and machine butter wo'l;!
The butter workers are such as ar
used in the creameries throughout tn
United States In some factories tn
churns are similar to those used in tn
creameries, but oftener they are larg
upright jacketed caldrons in which tn
milk and color are mixed with th
melted oils by violent churning c
stirring produced by revolving or II
tating agitators inside. BY the intr'
duction of steam into the jacket tn
operator controls the temperature, an
the degree Of liquefaction until tn
churning process is complete BY tt
same means any considerable quantit
of oleomargarine is prevented frol
congealing on the side of the churn.
What oleo Is.
A formula Tor medium grade ole,
margarine is as follows: Oleo oil, 81
pounds; neutral lard, 500 pounds
cream, $50 pounds; milk. $50; sal
100; color a pound and half. TIL
vii produce from athousandto eleve
hundred pounds of olemargarine.
Practically all the oleo manufactu
ed in the United States is made by tt
simple process of churning a melt,
mixture of oleo oil and neutral la