davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
Average Yield and Condition Con-
siderably Above That of
Last Year.
PRELIMINARY ESTIMATES
Much Better Yiold OF Potatoes Than
Last Year Shown by Governm ant
Rsport-Mors BAY per Acre But
the Quality Is Below That OF
Last Year.

Washington, Nov. 10-The preliminary
estimate OF the average yield per acre of
corn as published in the monthly report
of the statistician Of the department of
agriculture, Is 26s bushels as compared
with an average yield of 167 bushels in
1901.
The general average as to quality is So.7
per cent. as compared with 73.7 per cent.
last year, SOLO per cent. In 1900
The preliminary estimate of the average
yield per acre of buckwheat Is Isl BUSH
els against 1876 bushels In 1901. The gen
eral average as to quality Is S.1 per cent.
against 1913 per cent last year.
The preliminary estimate of the yield
per acre of potatoes Is a5.4 bushels against
an average yield per acre of e5.5 bushels
in 1901. The average as to quality is 90
per cent. as compared with 1874 per cent
In November last.
The preliminary estimate 81 the aver
age yield per acre OF hay is Isl tons
against an average yield of LIS tons ir
1907 and 1900. The average as to quality
is ST per cent against s1.3 per cent. last
year.
The apple and pear crops are consid
erably above the ten-year average II
nearly all the States in which the rails
ing of these fruits is OF any importance
and the grape crop Is slightly below euct
average
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
THE GENERAL RESULT
CFrom the Springfield Republican,

(From the Springfield Republican,
There has been no landslide. There has
been. indeed no decided weakening any
whore of the hold upon the country which
for nine years has been the continuous
fortune OF the Republican party. II the
national House of Representatives has
been carried by the democrats. It can he
only by n small margin, and the indica-
ton. are that It is still held by the ad-
iuinistrntion party. The Democratic par
~ has made as little Roadway in States
where reorRanized on the gold or con-
servative basis as in States where the
Bryan or radical leadership still obtains.
And so the idea that all which was needed
to insure democratic reascendency is to
shake off "I;ryansm' meets a severe re-
bun.
The people of the country are not wholly
satisfied The rise Of prices and cost OF
living for the masses have exceeded the
increase in income. and for millions pros
perty means a narrower scale Of living or
margin Of saving. Still they arc uncertain
Of the consequences OF a change, They
are appalled, at the velocity with which
wealth Is concentrating in the control Of
few irresponsible hands. but they
are in question Of what had best be done
and, above all, IL II plain that the revival
Of the worn old tariff issue as a trust
monopoly issue does not strongly appeal
periencc of 1857 II, and as long AZ the
Morrons and other mighty men dominat-
Ing industry and holding command at the
sources of the peoples livelihood will pro-
vide work enough to feed and clothe and
house the masses, they can consider them
selves safe for the time being in raking
ever IN tens of millions OF dollars indi-
vidually what remains of the wealth pro
duced by the labor OF all The conclu-
sion from the election returns over the
country Il that the people are In sub
rnissive mood and Will remain so until
financial and Industrial revulsion comes
1t Is we'll, pending turn in the business
tide. that the Republican party should
be held In fuil power. in order that full re-
spoHsibility may not he evaded. That the
business prosperity which has attended
republican ascendency Is the result OF
causes almost wholly independent of re-
publican policies and administration. We
can make no question; and in that cas-,
II would be a misfortune for the cause OF
reason and common sense in America
politics were republican defeat, even in ar
inconscquential degree, to come wher
prosperity is passing its elimination, as
Is now the case.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
ne Qnoen,s Rebuke.

Some years ago, when the present
queen of England was Princess OF
Wales and her children were very
small, they wore staying at a quiet
watering place. The Montreal Star 70
peats this little story Of the royal fam
ly, which shows that Queen Aiexan-
Sra is much like other good mothers
md that her chiidren are like children
the world over:
Once on returning from a shost sal
one Of the little prtncesses was walk
Ing up the plank. An Old sailor IN
stinctively said:
Take care, little ladyw
The child drew herseH up haughtfiy
and said:
I'm not a lady: I'm a prtncessr
Tho Princess Of WaleA who ovcr
heard the kindly Injunction and the
rather I'll bred reply, said quickly:
Tell the good sailor you are not a
little lady Jet, but you hope to Be- some
Ny"
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
INDIAN SUMMER.

Al last the toil-encumhered days are over,
And airs OF noon are mellow as the
morn,
The blooms are brown upon the seeding
clover,
And brown the silks that plume the rip
ening corn,
All sounds are hushed Of reaping and OF
moving;
The winds are low: the waters lie un-
curled
Nor thistle-down nor gossamer is flowing
so lul'd in langud Incidence the world
And mute the farms along the purple val
ley,
The fun barns muffed to the beams
with sheaVes;
You hear no mora the noisy rout and rally
Amongst the tcnant-masons OF the
caves,
a single quail, upstarting from the stub
bic
Darts whirrng past and quick aightine
Is lost as breaks and disappears bub.
he
Amid the covert OF the leafy brown,
The upland glades are hockcd afar in dap
pies
BY focks Of lambs a-gambol from The
fold:
! The orchards bend beneath the weight OF
apples,
And groves are bright in crimson anl II
gold.
But bark hear the pheasants munle'
drumming.
The water murmur from distant doll
A drowsy bee In may taneles humming
The far. faint tinkling tenor of bell.
| And now from yonder beech trunk sheer
and sterile,
The at-tat-tat of the wO0dpeckcr'S bill
The sharp staccato barking OF a squirrel
dropping nut, and all again is still.
BY ]. L. Irvine.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
PERSONAL AND GENERAL.

Eldridge II. Gerry has been reelected
president Of the New York state assocla-
ton Of the Societies for the Prevention of
Cruelty to Children and Animals
Albert x. Fairfax, 18th Baron Fairfax
Of Cameron Va, has Just sailed for Eng
land, where he Will represent an inter-
national banking corporation in London.
Robert Maxcn Greene of New York has
been appointed structural engineer of the
st. Louis worlds fair He Is a graduate
OF the Rensselaer, Polythecnic Institute
of Troy. N. Y.
Joseph w. Ogden, a New York banker,
will build a new Presbyterian Church in
Chatham. n. j., as memorial to his
father. the late Rev DIR. Joseph NJ. Ogden,
who for 80 years was pastor Of the church
In Chatham.
Former Assemblyman Thomas A. Smith
of Freeport l.. l.. several days ago found
a turtle which, when he was a schoolboy
he marked with his initials and the year
1856" The inscription was easily de-
ciphered
United States Senator Knute Nelson
helped to pump a hand car five miles on
the Duluth, Mesaba & Northern road on
Tuesday in order not to miss connection
preventing him delivering political
speech at Milling. Wis.
Dr. Lorenz will have conferred upon
him the degree of Ill. u. by the North
western University as soon as he returns
to Chicago from his tour of the country.
Civil Engineer Robert f. Peary has
reported for duty at the navy depart
ment, Washington. but will not be as
signed until he fully RECEIVERS from his
recent operation. He still uses clutches
Prof. Kuhn Francke. Of Harvard, who
has returned from his Sabbatlcal year
abroad spent in behalf of the Germanic
museum. says that Emperor William
gifts of casts may be looked for in Feb
ruary.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
SAW HIM UNCLOAkED.
why the Timid Vicar Ceased to Fen
the DigniHed Bishop.

why the Timid Vicar Ceased to Fear
the DigniHed Bishop.
A certain English bishop who was
generally feared by his clergy because
OF his arrogant and unbending manner
was visited one day BY timid vicar
who had never held any commented
ton with his lordship save by letter.
He had heard stories enough, how
ever, to make him exceedingly anxious
concerning the interview and on reach
ing the palace he paused In the shrub
berry to get up little courage.
While he was standing there, hidden
as he believed, he saw the bishop como
to the door, book In hand, and look up
and down the garden. The vicar,
promptly broke out In a cold persptra-
ton, thinking his skulking had BEEN
detected. Not so. After a long look
about the bishop called;
TON"
There was faint and not very re-
spcctful cooey from somewhere up in a
tree, but no other response.
Come, Tom, come, my boy" coaxedl
the bishop. 1T is time for your Latin
grammar. Let me hear It."
So the unbending bishop taught
Tom Latin and had az much disci-
pline as the head of dame SCHOOL,
The vicar stepped out from behind the
bush and looked after the bishop, who,
having gone forward, was now stand
ing under the tree that sheltered re-
bellious Tom.
Now, Tom. come down. said the
bishop. Here is a shilling IL you'll
come down"
mo, no." came the reply. ar come
down, must have half a crown"
"a shilling Is all you'll get. Tom
"a shilling as soon as l set foot on
the ground?'
Eyes, Tom"
"All right. I'll come" gracious,y.
shoulders, daddy"
The vicar saw the bishop lean for
ward. hands ON knees; then a stocky
young rebel landed on bis shoulders,
and the vicar crept behind the bush
again. When the bishop and Tom had
gone into the house, the vicar stole out
Of the palace garden.
An hour later be returned. The bish-
op was not less arrogant and unbend-
ing than he had been described, but the
vicar had lost all fear. II 1t returned
he thought he could hearten himself a
bit by looking at certain dust marks on
the shoulders Of the episcopal coat
Youths Companion
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13

named Sum fixed at $3.50. Explained by
Mr.. Bundy Of ST. Johnsbury.
READ THIRD TIME AND PASSED.
II. 255 legalzing grand lists and APP
praisal of Morristown rs amended
II. 2S2-Enabling Whitcomb high school
in Bethel to issue bonds for new build
ing.
II. 26i-Relating to posting of notices for
payment of taxes.
II. 2T--Amending st. Adams city char
ter. relating to schools.
II. si1--Amending Barton Landing vii
lagc charter.
S. 25--To pay Hale X. Darling the sum
named.
S .72-Neglect to provide for wife and
children.
S. 7S--rramps on freight trains.
s. 7S-To pay G. T.. Lawrence the sum
named.
PETITIONS.
Ry Mr.. Porter of Wilmington Mr.. Waite
of Londonderry, Mr. Kendall OF Norwich,
Mr.. Stafford of MorrAtown, relating to
the tuberculin test; to committee on agri-
culture.
Br. Mr.. Morrison of Canaan, Mr.. Tho
mas Of Monkton and Mr.. Hobart of West
ford. relating to prohibitory law.
by Mr. Wells of Waterbury, by request.
asking that automobile owners be held
responsible for damage done as a result
of running these machines on the streets.
ORDERED TO LIE.
s. 62-Appropriating 500 for Guildhall
public library, on motion OF Mr.. Por-
ter of Wilmington. to remedy defect In
the framing of the bill.
BILLS INTRODUCED.
". i09-By Mr.. Galley of Groton, for
Improvement Worcester Branch in Wor-
cester. MiddleseX and Montpelier. Gives
Baird & Roses right to clear river bed,
build booms, etc, to float logs. Commit
tee on manufactures.
II. 410-By Mr. Stafford of Morristown.
to incorporate the Brattleboro Mfg, Co.
Committee on corporations
On motion Of Mr.. Kendall of West
Windsor the House adjourned.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
POINTED PARAGRAPHS.
Girls who are as silent as posts are goot

Girls who are as silent as posts are good
ones to hitch to-
Some men seem TO be under the impress
sion that lungs are brains.
A woman always agrees with a man
when ne let's her have her own way.
Sometimes q womar's hair is golden
and occasionally II II only plated.
One young man wants to know how
long girls should be courted. Same as
short girls of course.
Cities are FUN of eminent lawyers, but
there is still plenty of room in the pre-
eminent class.
A woman doesn't have to be much of
q mathematician In order to figure in a
sensation.
There Is such a thing as being little
too cnterprising. Kansas grocer ad
vertiscs genuine horseradish fresh from
the horse. Chicago News.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
GRANITE EXCHANGE ENDED.

The Barre Granite exchange has been
discontinued. after an existence of seven
months the granite manufacturers vot-
Ing at a recent meeting to bring the
scheme TO an end, The discontinusnce has
been the subject OF considerable interest
but It was not easy to find anyone in au-
thority who was willing to talk great
deal Of the matter. The voting to discon-
tinue it is understood. was on the grounds
Of non-support by granite dealers 1t is
stated that the action was taken by those
Instrumental In starting and promoting
the exchange and that the discontinuancc
was taken to give opportunity to compete
with those not In favor of 1t. II Is claim
ed by some that the exchange will start
up again within year on a better footins
than ever. Others. however, do not en- ter.
tain the sane opinion. Argus
DUNowAy's CASE CONTINUED.
The case Of ]. B. Donoway. states at.
torney of Addison county. which 10 ON the
docket Of the Supreme Court, has been
continued It will be remembered that a
petition was made to the Supreme Court
asking for MI Donoway's dlsbarment la 81
winter, the same being instigated by the
Rev. George w. Morrow.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
BILLS INTRODUCED.

votonal exercises by chaplain. Journal
OF Friday read and approved.
BILLS INTRODUCED.
s. 1S3-By Senator Downer, providing
for primaries for direct nomination of
candidates for office: to committee on
Judiciary.
S. 1S4-By Senator Phelps to consoli-
date Church Of Messiah and Montpelier
Independent Meeting House society; to
committee on corporations.
S. 1S5-By Senator Brownell, authoriz-
Ing burlington to construct and maintain
an electric light plant; to committee on
corporations.
S. 1S6-Ry Senator Brownel. authoriz-
ing city of Burlington to construct ard
maintain a public wharf: to committee
on corporations.
PETITIONS PRESENTED.
bury papers in favor of keeping State
printing in Vermont.
BY Senator Emery. from Williamstown
Grange, opposing compulsory tuberculin
test. From Kings Daughters, against
lowering age OF consent
BY Senator Wilcox from Thetford
Grange and Senator Phelps from Cabot
Grange, favor1ng continuance of compul-
sorry cattle test
BY Senator Russell from Shelburne
against lowering age OF consent.
BILLS PASSED.
s. 94-Ameuding law relative to reserve
in domestic mutual fire insurance COM
panies.
H. 1G-Regulating speed OF automobiles
and motor vehicles.
| II. 69-Amending V. 8. %, relative to
publication of notice in newspaper.
II. 1G2-Relating to the adulteration oil
milk.
II. Lotto allow judges of supreme
! court to act as referee. etc. in certain
/ cases.
II. 17S-To pay A. w. ]. Wilkins sun
therein named
II. H7-Relating to partition of rea
estate by probate court.
II. 2aS-To pay Bessie NJ. Gokay the sun
therein named.
READ TWICE AND REFERRED.
II. 6s-Granting relief to town Of Middle
sex; to committee on highways ant
bridges.
II. 1H-Gra nting relief to town of Cos
hen: to same committee
III. 245-Relating to judges Of probat,
court and disquali1cations, to judiciary
committee.
ORDERED TO THIRD READING.
S. 7o-Relating to appointment Of steno
graphic reporter Amended by striking
off final clause in Scc / providing FOL
stenographer for work of judges office.
On motion of Senator DoHner the Sen
ate adjourned.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
REFLECTIONS OF A BACHELOR.

A girl takes to love affairs the way a
fly does to molasses.
1t will do no man any good to love a
woman unless he keeps on telling her so.
A woman handles . good story with az
much cleverness az . bear could handle
q needle and thrsAd.-Nsw Yor,, Vn.l,e,
Widows are q rich diet, highly seasoned
Guess the serpent IN the Garden Of DdeI
was a garter snake
A fat man never seems to e1ko On "a
much room as p fat woman.
The more woi"on underStand . man ehs
less he understands them
Men blow their own horns beoavss no.
hodv else will blow them for thsn.-New
York Press.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
COMMUNITY OF PELF.

YES" said the Pilgrim in the elderly
bvercoat with the bullying pockets, him
an me is in partnership, but we don't do
business together"
"How's that?'
"Why, he goes around sellin' stove
blackin that leaves a stain on the fingers
go around next day to the same houses
with the only soap that'll take it of.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
PROCEEDINGS OF THE HOUSE
Special Order Put over until tuesday
Aftsrnoon-A Dog Bill.

Devotional exercises were conducted
by the Rev. Guy c. Lamson OF Montpe-
ler.
SPECIAL ORDER.
II. 162-An act for the preservation of
the public health.
on motion Of Mr.. O'Sullvan Of st AL
bans city, this bill was made the special
order for tomorrow at 2;S0 p. m.
BILLS INTRODUCED.
II. 4oS- BY Mr. Tiley of ST. George,
from the committee on military affairs,
allowing inmates of the Soldiers Home
to retain 81 per month of their pension
money ordered to lie and BID printed
DOG BILL KILLED.
II. 2s6-An act to increase dog licenses.
was adversely reported. Mr.. Eastman
of Barnard spoke in support of the bill on
the ground that dogs were increasing In
number and doing much damage. Mr..
Graves of Waterford inquired II there
were not enough funds already realized
from the tax 10 cover the damage. Mr.
Eastman said not In his town. Mr.. Por-
ter OF Wilmington thought dogs were
I bearing their just share OF taxation. The
bill was killed.
RECOMMITTED.
II. 1885, relating to real estate agents ant
brokers' adversely reported. On motloi
of Mr. Vincent Of Burlington, the bill wa
Irecommtted.
THIRD READING ORDERED.
II. IS, to incorporate the Midland Rail
road company. Amendments proposed b.
the committee were adopted requiring tn
highway to be kept for a distance of tw,
feet outside the rails and striking out tn
right 10 acquire water privileges by emf
nent domain.
Mr. Durick OF Castleton stated for tn
committee that these amendments wer
in line with the purpose OF the committee
to make similar regulations In all sucl
bills.
On motion OF Mr.. Stafford OF Morris
town, after the matter had been suggest
cd by Mr.. Vincent OF Burlington, the bill
was further amended so that the fran
chise will expire In FIVE years, unles
acted upon.
Mr., Vincent QUESTIONED whet11er the SIS,
600 capital stock would be at all adeQuat
to build and operate the road. He though
the state might have an interest on &c
count of the taxes levied.
Mr., Stafford replied that whatever tn
capitalization, the company must pay o.
whatever the road cost.
| Inc bill was ordered to third readin
without further amendment.
IL. ~. to pay j, v. 6hattuck the sun
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
MODEL VERDICT.

Not long ago a coroner's jury In ireland
deliv cred the following verdict on the
sudden death of a merchant who had re-
Gently failed in business. I'VE. the jury
find from the new doctors statement that
the deceased came to his death from
heart failure. superinduced by business
failure. which was caused by speculation
failure. which was the result of failure tC
see far enough ahead. "-Argonaut.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
LANGUAGE VERSATILE.

"Swardle is rather Tightly in his no.
tons. isn't he? Can't stick to any one
thing long enough to make a success OF
it,"
well. that's what we used to say about
him when he was a poor devil, but he's
rich now. and everybody speaks of him as
a man of extra ordinary versatility"
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
NEED TO HASTE.

81 think" said the first business man.
"I'll go home to lunch to-day A new
cook arrived at our house just after
breakfast and she has the reputation of
being n good one"
"Why not wait for your usual six
o'clock dinner
she may be gone by that time,"-Phl-
adelphla Press.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
Sen. Downer Proposes the
Direct Nomination SyS.
tenn for Vermont.
FOR A PUBLIC WHARF.

Sen. Brownell Introduces Bill Giving
Burlington Power to Secure One -
Also Presents Bill Authorizing Mu-
nicipal Lighting Plant-Bill Regulat-
ing Speed of Automobiles Passed -
Both Bodies
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
DEATH CAUSED BY HYsrERIA.

New York, Nov, lo,-An autopsy per-
formed on the body of Nellie Corooean
the ls-year-old girl who died Saturday
after trance OF 20 days, confirms the
theory that her condition was due to
N'-ter'a No sign of disease was fsund
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
You Needn't.

after eating, nor Sslching. nor sxpsr1sns-
ing nsussa btE cen msaIa
In other words, ysu needn't keep on be-
Ing dyspepNo and you certainly shouldn't
Hcodp RrsapArtlia curss dyspepsia--it
strengthens 90 tones the seomAoh, per-
fects dige stion, creates 4 nsral appetite,
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
SATURDAYS FOOT BALL SCORES.

At Columbia-Brown 2s Columbia 0.
At West Point--West Point g. Union O.
At Annapolis-The Navy u. Lafayette
IL.
At unswick--Bates lA Bowdoin o!
At Amhsrst-Amherst II, State College
At Cambr1dge--Harvard II. Psnnsylva-
mia 4
At New " v-~ '7lo 'G 80 ell 5.
At Lu.o,rl- Dtrtmyutn II, :. RI gfeid
Training school q.
At tordham--Holy Cross Il. 70" ham
College o.
At Anddlstown. Coan.-UmvWslty g..
VWMuut ., Wsstsyan q
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
SAME OLD TROUBLE.

An AtChison husband lowered at death 5
door so long his wife remarked that she
supposed he was having his usual trouble
finding the keyhole, Globe.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
OUR KALEIDOSCOPE.
A LOST BLUSH.

He put his arm around her waist
And the color left her check;
But upon the shoulder of his coat
II showed up for a. week.
Chicago News
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
' PENSIONERS.

". shlu-v. Nov ln-Vermont PEN
sions: Origin Charles h. Caswell,
Essex, 50, war with Spain Joseph G.
rrombly Burliuston. So, war with spain;
Increase, rslssue. CtF. Toeerh lafovrta'n,
Montgomery. SIT Hel N,'t
Bolton ~
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13

Prof William Bell Langsdorf has re-
signed the chair of Latin in Miami Uni
vsrslty to become Y missionary 20 Japan.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13

Luck" means rising at 6 in the morn
ing. living on 81 day If You earn s.,
minding your own business and not med
ding with other peoples. Luck" means
appointments you have never failed to
keep, the trains yon have never failed to
catch Luck" means trusting in God
and your own resources. Max O'Rell.
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
SECULAR SELECTION.

Edward Cooley" the Sunday schoo
superintendent announced. has passed
the best examination in Bible study. A.
n reward l will give him for a prize any
book he may name. Now, Edward wha'
shall 1t be?"
Why" said Edward. promptly, "ll
like to have Captain Firetooth OF thu
Bloody Avengers. or Flash O. lightning
Feud.' Catholic Standard and Times
Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1902-11-13
OFFICIAL RECORD OF THE DAY
Several Bills Passed in the Senate
Four New Bills.

Called to order by the president De-
votonal exercises by chaplain. Journal
of Friday read and approved.