davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Omaha daily bee., 1902-05-03
Substance of the Ruling.

The substance OF Judge heysor rullnB
follows:
The court, however, specially finds that
the petition of the property owners In i'm
pTovement district 56 was in all respects
sufficient to give the council Jurisdiction to
order the paving, curbing and guttering In
said district 566 and that the petition of
the property owners filed with the city
clerk, presented to the city council, ask
ing for the grading of said William street
in grading district No. Y. was In all re-
spects sufficient and valid and gave the
council Jurisdiction to order said grading
and levy assessments against the property
in said district therefor.
The court further finds as a matter of
law that the provisions of the statute re-
lating to the signing and execution of en-
cumbrances upon homesteads do not apply
to the signing OF. petitions for special i'm
provements and further finds as a matter
of law that the p-titions of property own
ers for special improvements provided for
by the charter in cities of the metropolitan
class are not encumbrances within the
meaning of said homestead act.
will Save Future Trouble.
THE effect of this ruling will be to clear
up much litigation now pending In similar
cases." said Assistant City Attorney Nor
Omaha daily bee., 1902-05-03
When Tired Shopping

gets a free cup of our delicious cocoa and a
tasty fresh cracker at our demonstration.
We are introducing our elegant cocoa and
chocolate and fresh pure crackers.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-05-03
the SALE OF SALES SATURDAY

Laces, embroideries, ~alI-over laces, all
over embroideries, handkerchiefs, ribbons,
trimmings, v~eillngs, at prices that cannot
be equaled.
800 Fancy drape wells (The Gibson). e. 4ec
$500 SILK all-oyers. $50
300 SILK all-overs. Sl.s
SOC Fine lace all Z5c
S1.0o Fine lace all overs .......... 47c
Fine embroideries, worth 15c to soc. all
goat one price. Ice.
A I0c Embroidery Sale
I6c embroideries from the N. Y. stocks. 1oc
Soc embroideries from the N. Y. stocks. l0c
Omaha daily bee., 1902-05-03
CLOAK SPECIALS FROM new YORK STOCKS

m such we'll known manufacturers as Turtle & Felstner, Max Solomon, sha
rmpany. combined with the New York Commission stock on sale.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-05-03

Csc embroideries from the N. Y. stocks 10c
zoe embroideries from the n. Y. stock 1Oc
35C embroideries from the N. Y. stock. Ice
Ribbons
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16

to enforce their orders they found him
ready to resist. He was handled rath-
er roughly it is said, and had to be
hammered with billy club before he
would admit that he was defeated.
Shortly after this he was sent to the
asylum, having been adjudged insane.
The defense claims that it was this in
jury and not the one received at Ce-
dar creek, which caused his insanity.
Will Ask For Divorce.
Mrs. Mary E. Swartz, the wife of
Frank Swartz, who was yesterday TAX
en- to the penitentiary at FIT. Madison,
to begin serving his sentence of one
year for the crime of adultery, has
served notice upon her husband to the
effect that she will shortly file in the
Wapello county district court an APP
plication for divorce, on the ground
that the defendant, Swartz. has been
convicted of crime which justifies
such an application.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
TO Get CERTlFICATEIl
WADE OF THE SECOND TO BE Civ.
EN- CREDENTIALS.
Governor cummns States That OBJ
jections Have Been Made But That
He Finds No Ground to Withhold it
From Him.

Des Moines, Dec. 13- Governor
Cummins said yesterday he would is
sue the certificate of election to Judge
M. ]. Wade of Iowa City at the same
time he issues the certificates to the
other members of congress. In speak
ing of the matter, Governor Cummins
said certain parties had filed objec-
tons with him to the issue of a GER
tificate of election to Judge Wade. He
felt the objections were without a
sound basis, but he had consulted with
Attorney General Mullan, he said, and
the attorney general gave him writ
ten opinion in which he held the GER
tificate should be issued Governor
Cummins says there are two impera-
tive reasons in his own mind why the
certificate should be issued to Judge
Wade. In the first place, under his
Interpretation of the constitution, he
does not consider Judge Wade ineligi-
bic to election as member of con-
gress because he holds district judge
ship, the time of which will expire be-
fore ne enters on his term as congress-
man.. In the second place, the gov
ernor holds the house of representa-
tives is the judge of the qualifications
of its own members and it is not for
the governor to interfere. Even if |
believed Judge Wade Ineligible, ",said
the governor, ssit would clearly not be
my duty to interfere in the matter
and | would issue the certificate of
election"
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
ON STAND
MINERS LEADER is AGAIN CUES.
TONED BEFORE COMMISSION.
Attempt to Place Responsibility of
Strike on Mitchell Proves Fruitless
Said He Opposed Strike at Time
1t Was lnausurated.

Scranton, Pa, Dec. 13-President
Mitchell was again witness today be-
fore the strike commission. Counsel
Torrey for the Delaware and Hudson,
tried to place the responsibility of
the strike on Mitchell, but the latter
said that he opposed the strike at the
time it was inaugurated, but favored
one later in the year.
Tells Miners Grievances.
Scranton, Pa, Dec. 13.-John Mitch.
ell, president of the United Mine Work
ers of America, and chief representa-
tive of the miners in the recent coal
strike in the anthracite district, was
the star witness before the coal com
mission. In his testimony Mr. Mitch.
ell presented comparative figures
which showed that men paid by the
day receive from 40 to so per cent
higher wages in the bituminous re
gions than they did in the anthracite
fields.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
war CLOUD.
THIS TIME THE TROUBLE is IN
SAN DOMINGO.
United States Minister Powell Makes
Demands on Dominican Government
May Yet Result in Some Trouble
Rights of Steamships Involved.

San Domingo. Dec. 1S.-Minister
Powell has formally demanded of the
Dominican government the withdraw
al of the decree changing port dues,
and that failing to comply with it the
Dominican government will pay the
Clyde line 100000 due that company
and recognize certain other rights
claimed by the United States minister
for the company. Powell has vigor.
Gus fight on his hands, the govern.
ment being disposed to resist his de.
mandS.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
SHAW WILL NOTTALK
REFUSES TO TALK ON STRlN.
GENCY.
Takes the Position That Lack of Mon
ey Is No Concern of the Government
Wall Street Must Take Care of
Itself.

Washington, D. c., Dec. 1S.-Secre-
tary Shaw declines to say anything for
publication as to the attitude of the
department in regard to the present
money stringency in New York. 1t is
understood the department takes the
position that the government is not
involved in the present situation and
that Wall street must rely upon it's
own resources to tide over the pres
ent stringency. At this time the treas
ury has no available cash on hand
above moderate working balance,
approximating $5S,0O0,0O0 and it is not
it's purpose to further reduce this sum
by making additional deposits in the
national bank repositories or other
wise.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
FOR NAVAL STATION
SECRETARY MOODY TRANSMITS
REPORT TO CONGRESS.
Advises Naval Station Be Established
on Lake Michigan Below Latitude
of 43 Degrees and 80 Minutes--Asks
for $25o,oOo for Site.

Washington, D. c., Dec 13.-Secre-
tary Moody today transmitted to con-
gress the report of the naval board.
with his approval, which was created
to select site for naval training
station on the great lakes. The report
recommends that a station be located
on Lake Michigan below the latitude
43 degrees and 80 minutes and asks for
$250,000 to buy land to develop the
station, leaving the exact locality to
be determined later by the board.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
HEAR ANTITRUST TALK.
House Begins Session Regarding Pro-
posed Law.

Washington, Dec 13.--Hearings
were begun today before the sub-com-
mittee on judiciary on the house on
antitrust bills. Morrell, of Pennsyl-
yania, who has introduced resolu-
ton appropriating $250,O00 for the use
Of the attorney general in enforcing
the Sherman antitrust law, stated he
had shown his resolution to the Pres
ident and attorney general, who, he
said, were in favor of it's provisions.
Morrell explained that the President,
however, had no thought of debating
in any way to the committee.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
TREATY OFFICIALLY KNOWN.
Provides Uniform Reduction of 20 Per
Cent on Tariff CHARGES.

Havana, Dec. 13.-It is officially an
nounced that a treaty of commercial
reciprocity between Cuba and the
United States providing for a reduc-
tion of twenty per cent in the present
tariff charges on Cuban products has
been signed by General Bliss and Sec
retaries Zaldo and Monies. 1t only
lacks the signatures of Secretary Hay
and Senior Quesada and the approval
of the United States and Cuban SEN
ates to make it operative.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
DIR. LoRENz EARNED s1e4,ooo.
Viennese Surgeon Will Garry Away
Large Sum.

Philadelphia, Pa, Dec. 1S.-Dr.
Adolph Lorenz of Vienna, reached
New York this afternoon. He will
sail for Europe eight days hence,
and will take with him in American
money sum roughly estimated at
$164 900, which he has received in fees
for operations on private cases while
on his tour of the United States.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
Castro's Reply to Well Founded
Claims Is Not Satisfactory.
MINISTER HAGGARD'S STATEMENT
Says That When His Government
Learned of the German Claims it
Was Agreed That the Government.
Should Operate Jointly.

Caracas, Dec. 13.-Authentic copies
of the demands presented by the Ger
man and British ministers to the Ven.
ezuelan government before embarking
at La Guayra have been made public.
shorn of their diplomatic Language,
the demands do not differ materially
from those already published.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
edouoe
of JephSk Braersgen
T los ehma It The insurance is est nhd
BADLY CUT in FIGHT
RESULT OF BATTLE ON cALIFOR.
MIA LIMITED TRAIN.
Men in Jail at observation-disclosures
to Gang of Laborers Bound for Kan.
sas city-Took Place Near Drake
vile.

Centerville, Dec. 13.-(SpeciaD-
Two men are lying in the county Jail
each with a cash from his ear to his
mouth, third is badly beaten and a
fourth is under arrest charged with
having been concerned in the affair
The mems wounds are the result of a
fierce fight on the California Limited
train of the Rock Island railroad last
evening. The men who are hurt are
part of a gang of laborers which the
road was shipping from Des Moines to
Kansas City to do railroad work.
The injured men are:
Joe Hogan, 80.
John Kelly, 80.
Frank Burns.
The first two are badly cut The
third is badly beaten.
The men boarded the train at Eldon
bound for Kansas City. They repaired
to the smoking car, and when neal
Drakeville. Burns, it is alleged start
ed down the aisle with razor in his
hand. His victims wounds followed
The remainder of the gang, twenty in
number. set upon Burns and nearly
Leaf him to death. He was taken
from the train here and was thought
to have been dead William Murphy
a fourth member of the gang, was al
SO arrested. When he saw Burns, he
made an attempt to do him harm but
was prevented by the officers. The
officers take this as an Indication that
Burns is responsible for the Other
mems wounds.
The opinion seems to be that the af
fray is the result of drunken row. II
is expected that all the men will re
cover.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
CANADIANS PLAN BIG sHlPYARD.
Railway to Build Plant at Sandwich,
Ont, at Cost of 100000.

Detroit, Mich, Dec. 13.-With a
shipyard completed at a cost of more
than S1,000,000, the Canadian Pacific
Railway company is to enter into ac-
tive competition with American ship,
builders of the great lakes. 1t is an
nounced that plans for the shipyard,
equipped in modern manner for build
ing engines, boilers and shops, have
been drawn.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
PACKING HOUSES LACK COAL
Omaha Plants May Close Down
Through Shortage of Fuel.

Omaha, Neb., Dec. 19.-Unless relief
is secured soon packing house mana
gers of South Omaha assert they will
have either to close down their plants
or curtail the output for want of COAL
The shortage of cars and not of coal
is causing the trouble.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
Grading Vessels Not Allowed to
Enter Harbor.
CASTRO WILLNOI YIELD TO ANY POINT
Germans Will Carefully Consider Any
Proposition the VenezueIans Might
4 Make Through Bowen Because of
/ Respect for the United States.

La Guayra, Dec. 13.-The British
cruiser Charybdis is flying Commo-
.dore Montgomery flag. The German
cruiser Vineta and the training ship
,Stosch arrived here yesterday and
have taken positions commanding the
town and fortresses.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
couLTHARD ELECTED.

Will Lead the Hawkeye Football Team
Next Season.
Iowa City, Dec. 13-George Harry
Coulthard of Missouri Valley has been
elected captain of the Iowa football
team for next fall. The ballot stood
8 for Coulthard, 6 for Briggs and for
Jones. Coulthard has played in parts
of games for Iowa for three years
past He played tackle and full back
this year.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
UNION PACIFIC STRIKE GROWS.

0se VI EH9'Hes OF ooutnerh company
Resented by BoiIer-Makers.
Omaha, Dec. ia crisis in the
Union Pacific railway strike is in
sight. The~use of Southern Pacific
engines by the company is resented
by the boiler-makers and other crafts
and they may strike in sympathy.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
TO BE ARCHBISHOP OF MANILA.
Pope Leo May Appoint the Rt. Rev.
Mgr Chase of Texas.

San Antonio, Tex. Dec. 13.-It is
reported on good authority that the
Rt. Rev. Mgr. Chase of st. Peters
church, Laredo, Texas, will be APP
pointed by Pope Leo to the Archbish-
opric of Manila or one of the vacant
dioceses in the Philippines. Monseig-
neur Chase is convert.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
Stiff BEATEN.
Pusilist Stays Eight Rounds But Is
FearfulIy Pounded.

Chicago, Dec. 12.-Billy Stiff, re-
ceived terrible beating at the hands
of George Gardner at Apollo hall last
night, but managed by going down
eight times in the last round to stay
the limit,
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
BLIND PREACHER DISMISSED.
Leon Case Comes to Naught, as Only
Wife Can Prosecute.

Leon, Dec. 13.-The case of the
state of Iowa VS. Rev. R. T. Glidewe1l,
the blind preacher, on the charge of
adultery, has been dismissed because
the husband of the woman brought
the action, and not the wife of tho
preacher.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
VAN HORNE DIES.
Was Formerly Vice-President of the
Western Union Telearaph Co.

Louisville, KY, Dec. 13.-John Van
Horne, former vice-president of tho
Western Union Telegraph Co.. died al
his late home this afternoon.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
SIX MEN REPORTED KILLED.
Rumor of Great Disaster on Norther,
Pacific,

Minneapolis, Dec. 13.-Six men were
reported killed in a Northern Pacific
wreck at Fridley, ten miles from here.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
INCREASE WAGES.

Trainmen of Southern Railway Get
Demands.
Washington, Dec. ia general in
crease in the wages of the trainmen of
the Southern Railway, averaging
about per cent, has been granted
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
TRIBUTE TO SEWALL
SENATE TO HOLD A SESSION IN
FEBRUARY.
House Goes into Committee of the
Whole to Consider Legislative, Ex-
ecutive and Judicial Appropriation
Bill.

Washington, D. c., Dec. 13.-At the
opening of the house today a resolu-
ton was adopted which provided for
a session on Sunday, February s, for
paying tribute to the memory of the
late Senator Sewell of New Jersey.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
DIES AT AGE OF 1o4.
Mrs. Catherine Collins, of Clinton,
Passes Away.

Clinton, Dec. 13.-Mrs. Catherine
Collins, aged 1O4 vars is dead in this
city.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
HILL TO RETIRE.
Will Devote, Time to Northern secur.
tiles Co.

Chicago, Dec. 1S.-It is rumored
hefe that j. ]. Hill, president of the
Great Northern railroad, will retire.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
ESPRIT OF TIMEsD QUITS.

Publication Hereafter to be the
"Horseman" of Chicago.
New York, Dec. 1S.-The formal an
nouncement is made in the current
Spirit of the Times that today's is
sue is the last under its specific title
and that in the future it will be in
corporated with the "Horseman," Of
Chicago.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
House.

The house went into committee of
the whole and entered upon the con-
sideration of the legislative, executive
and judicial appropriation bill Gen
eral debate was limited to ten min
utes.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
HAITI TO ELECT. PRESIDENT.
Seneque Pierre May Be Named
Gen. Nord Favors Him.

Port Au Prince, Dec. 10. The
Chamber of the Communes has finish
ed the elections of senators and the
national assembly and will have a SEES
sion within a few days in order to
elect a new president of the repub-
lie. The majority favors Seneque
Pierre.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
OMAHA BURIED UNDER SNOW.
Blizzard Is Prevalent Throughout Me-
braska, Iowa and Kansas.

Omaha, Neb., Dec. 13.-The heaviest
snowstorm of the year occurred last
night. The fall is general throughout
Kansas, Nebraska and western Iowa,
and in this city reached nearly the
proportions of a blizzard.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
CABLE NOT CONNECTED.
UnfavorabIe Weather Delays Work on
Hawaiian Line

San Francisco, Dec. 13.-The Postal
telegraph this morning states that no
attempt will be made today to connect
the Trans Pacific Gable Co. with the
land end on account Of unfavorable
weather. -4.--4-4-.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
NOW DENY SHIPS WERE SUNK.

Germans Seek to Escape Criticism for
Destruction of Fleet.
Berlin, Dec. 13.-Berlin officers now
deny that German officers sunk the
Venezuelan ships, captured at La
Guayra.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
HOLD UP BANK AND GET $4,000.

New Mexico Robbers Perform Sue
cessfuI Stunt in Daylight.
Santa Fe., N. NJ, Dec. 13.-The
bank at Hillsboro, Sierra county,
which was held up in broad daylight
and robbed of 100000 according to a
report received here.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
Blizzard in petroit.

Detroit, Dec. ia blizzard swoop-
ed down upon Detroit about o'clock
this morning and thirty-three mile
and hour wind is rapidly drifting the
fine, light snow. The snow is caus-
ing considerable trouble to street rail
way travel.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
TO ATTEND DEDICATION.

Roosevelt Accepts Invitation to Be at
st. Louis.
Washington, D. c., Dec. 13.-The
President today formally accepted an
invitation to be present at the dedica-
tory exercises of the exposition in St.
Louis, April 80, next.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
JOE MULHATTAN SENT TO JAIL
Prince of Liars Lacks Money Enough
to Paw Fine

Jeffersonville, Ind, Dec. 13.-Joe
prince of liars, whose
tails have interested the country from
one end to the other, was in the, po-
lice court here charged with drunken
ness, and lacked $9.45 of having
enough money to pay the fine of $3.50.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
eoTHAM's POLICE HEAD QUITS.

John N. Partridge Decides He Cannot
Longer Continue the Work.
. New York, Dec. 10. Police Commits
sioner Partridge has resigned his, of
fee on the ground of i'll health.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
FIRE SWEEPS REED CITY.
Loss in Michigan Town Estimated at
$4,000,

Reed City, Mich, Dec. 19.-Fire to-
day destroyed ten buildings, including
the Reed City sanitarium. The loss
is $4,000.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
MANY BILLIARDS.
CLEVELAND AND DETROIT ARE
HIT HARD.
Furious Gale Drives Snow Before it
Telephone, Telegraph and Street
Car Service is Badly Impaired in
Both Ohio and Indiana.

Cleveland, Dec ia heavy fall of
rain and sleet last night was followed
today by a sudden drop in tempera-
ture. A furious northeast gale is on
and is driving the snow. Towards
noon the storm reached the proper
TONS of a blizzard, resulting in the
decentralization of telephone, telegraph
and street car service in all directions.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
DAUGHTER BRINGS CHARGE.
Man Indicted on Charge of Incest at
Rockwell City.

Rockwell City, Dec. 13.-The grand
jury has returned an Indictment
against 7. J. Rennick on the charge
of incest. The charge is preferred by
his daughter and is most damaging.
The case will probably not be brought
to trial at this term of court.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
Haaaard's Statement.

British Minister Haggard concludes
thus: 81 have added that his majestys
has been informed of the
claims of the German government
against Venezuela and that the two
governments have agreed to operate
Jointly for the purpose of obtaining
an arrangement of all their claims and
that his majesty's government will re-
quire Immediate payment of a sum
equal to that which in the first case
should be paid to the German govern
ment. Any balance after the payment
of the urgent claims shall be held on
account for liquidation of the claims,
which might go before the commission.
have, moreover, instructions from his
majesty's government to state clearly
that this communication must be TAX
en- as an ultimatum."
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-12-16
Regret Situation.

The British and German ministers
state that while their governments
regret the situation that has arisen
they cannot accept venezuela's reply
to their previous communications in
regard to the well founded claims arts.
ing from the civil wars in Venezuela
and to the i'll treatment of their subjects
as sufficient.