davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1902-02-21
THE CASE NOT CLOSED.

President Roosevelt has rendered his
decision on Admiral Schley's appeal
from the decision Of the majority OF the
Court OF inquiry. Tie holds emphati.
cally that the evidence Of the officers
shows that the buttle Of Santiago was a
captains" fight. He takes issue with
Admiral Dewey's opinion that Schley
was entitled to the credit Of the victory
and holds that neither Sampson nor
Schley exercised an real command over
the United Statee vessels. He declares
that though Admiral Schley and tho
Brooklyn did well, the Brooklyu's loop
seriously marred the other wise excellent
record and was -the one grave task Of
the day" The President holds that con-
trary to Admiral Dewey's views,
Schlcy's blockade Of Santiago was not
effective, aud points ont that the Court
was a unit in condemnation Of Schley's
retrograde movement. disobedience Of
orders and misstatement Of facts. and
declares that the offenses were condoned
The PreRident's decision is a dia.
~ VIC 6'oat Addo III tuc
American people. That It suits the
Navy Department is evidenced by the
fact clint Secretary Long is gratifed that
the Navy Department is sustained.
In the note transmitting the decision
to the Navy Department the President
directs that the case ehaIl be treated as
closed. 1t will doubtless be 60 treated
by the Navy Department, but the great
mass OF the American people will o 80
treat it. Tho case will not close with
the people until justice is done to Admi-
raj Schley. The Presidents decision Las
simply delayed his vindicatiou.
The voice OF the people Will yet be-
hered and justice will dt last be done to
the man who sunk the Spanish fest at
the battle Of Santiago. All honor 10
Admiral Schley
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1902-02-21
Ray DiAtrict Very Rich.

The town Of Ray, where the new rich
discovery has been made, is a booming
camp, about two hundred miners are at
work upon the leases.
The lodges widen out as depth Is at.
tanned. Assays show the ore increasing
i'll value on several OF the different
lenses. The following are among those
who had aseays this week: Keen d Co.,
SGO62I; l. y Ray. sS75.l3; August
kunze, s527.0i; Lease II, 1897; O'Brien
Il Co, s9lo.52; Booth l. Mckenzie,
s57o.IO; Powers u Co, s4S2; Clemson &
Co, s366.6J, and other assays along the
ledge range from sl2 to s25j.
a specimen OF gold rUck WA shown
that was found about ten miles north of
Ray showing coarse gold in large GUAM
titles. Two tons Of thio gold rock
would pay for the building Of u railroad
from here to Crow Springs.
August Kuuze & Co, are sack:ng shin
ping ore from their lease that will net
them 600 per ton.
Several leases have been sold varying
from $1,000 10 5000 in price.
The new district ia Il rich one and
those holding leases will all become
wealthy.
1t is rumored that an option has been
gwen by Ray d O'Brlen for ten days,
$4,000 down md final payment in ninety
days, to .. E. Turner and associates.
The purchase price Ia s4OO, 900. The
leases run for a year, sale or no saIe.-
Bonanza. lg
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1902-02-21
hinrrs' Union Reimbursed.

The Nye County Commissioners ut
their meeting Monday, on the advice OF
District Attorney T.. H. Oidic. donated
afI'tO scrip warrant 10 reimburse the
Union Tor caring FOR and bnrying the
lead who were not members OF TINT or.
ganizdtion and were without mcans.
says the Tonopah bonanza. Tho VA.
ant was drawn TO j. l.. Butler, who
cashed the same nj 81 cents, sending the
Union a check FOR $500, ind then drew
Ills check for 81 COO md prcsented it as
gut TO tho ronopnh Miners Union for
urir great services during the epidemic
Thai prevailed here. This 1850 in u
uodsend 10 this organization, IL having
PAID ont over $1,000 Tor sickness and
Oniitl %eIpenacs. No pcrnilesa stranger
VINO I'M" ever askcd n nittnnce 10 the
hospital was "ver turned away.
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1902-02-21
-rnoa THURSDAYS Dxnr.-
Salmagundi.
Van Powell is at the Hot Springs
fighting the rheumatism.

Van Powell is at the Hot Springs
lighting the rheumatism.
Those Who attend tue dance tomorrow
night can get supper at the Commercial
Hotel.
Hon!C. d. Van DuzeI came up from
the west this morning an6 spent the day
in town.
Tn Mining Laws, u new compilation
up to date containing the State and
United States Mining lave is in the
hands Of the State Printers and will be
ready for distribution in a few days.
The Western Union Telegraph com.
pany claims to have lost $4,000 in Ne.
vsda last year, while the Southern Pa
ciic confesses to having cleaned up half
a million.
The INDEPENDENT regrets to learn
that Judge Morgan is on the sick list
again. The trouble is in one Of his feet.
He haa suffered a good deal the last
three or four days.
a naturalist says that every tiuie u
farmer Kills a hawk Ito throws h $50 bill
iuto the fire, for although the bird takss
an occasional chicken it destroys at
least a tliou' sand rats. mice aud g"pbers
every year. Prof. Hodge, Of Clark Uni
varsity, estimates toads are worth So
zach for their work us destroyers Of cut.
WORMS.
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1902-02-21
FROM SATURDAYS DAILY,
Salmagundi.

Miss Bowers is reported some better
today.
Mr.. and Mrs. Schil!erstrom are in
from South Fork.
Mrs. George Russell and daughter,
Ruth, have zone 20 San Francisco.
MH. Major Miller il on the sick list
Hope the good lady will soon recover.
George S. Brown. ThoR. Hunter and
James Russell Sr. will 30 down to Reno
tonigh, to attend Mr.. Brudley's funeral.
MB. Henderson Green aud her
youngest son arrived from Salt Lake
las, night.
Some OF the suspended University
Students pissed through tins morning to
their homes. The ElkO contingent viii
probably arrive III a ,iay or SO.
DISTRICT Attorney IIenderson is us
happy AZ a clam at high tide today.
The cause of it. is the arrival Of IL Young
Henderson at his house this forenoon.
Tue mother ID dong nj = ly. success To
the boy and To his father and mother.
II. +. West, m insurance man, who ia
accused Of opening mail tlInt did not he
long to him, has been bound over To an
Pts: before the U. 5. Court at Ogden.
Wes' opened mail belonging 10 his
uothe i'll law while he resided in VIM
nemucca.
AZ a result Of the combined "kick" Of
Tue press ~ Eastern Nevada at the mis-.
crabs" mail service on the Central Pa.
cite, MIR. Sproule received word this
morning from the Pustuliicc Derarf
meDt that three extra postal clerks had
been assigned to duty on the railroad.
The brakes man. who was so badly in.
inted at Reno Thursday. died at 8
o'clock hat AFTERNOON. His name wan
q. ID. Shanntz. instead ~ Hawiey as
published yesterday. He lived nj
Wsdsworth aud had been in tho employ
OF the railroad company for II year and a
half.
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1902-02-21
Too Early To Learn

Thomas NJ. Patterson, the new Sena-
tor from Colorado, is principally known
IN his State for the frequency with
which he changes his politics. Within
the last eight yenrs he has been a Demo-
crat, then a Populist and then a Demo.
crat agnin, besides supp rtiug iudepen.
dent local tickets at various times in
Den yer. In Washington this Winter
they are telling a story Of something
that happened in Den ver once. A
y"ung and green political canvasser had
been Put on to canvass the election dis-
trlct in which Mr.. Patterson lived. He
rang the bell Of the magnificent Patter-
son home at the corner Of Pennsylvania
and Eleventh Avenues, and Of the sable
servitor who appeared demanded the
name OF the occupant.
"Mistah Tom Patterson responded
the cOlored boy.
"What are his politicsT" asked the
canvasser, adhering strictly to his list of
printed questions.
why, laws.a.massy, boss" said the
servinR man, Il don't know. He nin'
been home since brcakfast."-New York
Times.
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1902-02-21
Mr.. Brndiry's Drnih.

lhe Huzctto gives tho folio ing par.
nchlars OF the death OF Mr.. Bradley:
on Thursday evening he called Lswir
!" his bedside. md, although apparent.
" not very sick told him he WA down
Tor tue last time and would ,oon DO
gone Lewis suid: "t'atl,r yon will be
up III tho morning aud all right To
,"S MI Bradley replied: "May DO 80.
ou' | don't believe it. 30 good 10 YOU
mother and sister"
i@'erdhy morning Mira. Bradley
spoke To him md not getting nh answer.
stepped to his bedside. noticed that be-
"% hreailIring heavily and called to
u'ncf members Of tho household, but be.
'ofo ''cy came he was dcad.
"poprxy is given na the immediate
cause OF death.
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1902-02-21

Yesterday afternoon Constable Me.
Coy arrested VIM. Shanks, All Ohio Jail
breaker, for whom there is Il reward Of
$50. According TO tie circular sent out
by the sheriff Of Harrison county, Ohio,
Shanks aud his partner, George Cory,
broke ont OF the CadIz Jail on the oath
Of last November. Snanks was tracked
by a woman known here RS Minnie
Slhaoks. He paid Elko u visit, but
eippeI out before the officers were
aware OF his presence. Tho woman left
town aiterwnrd and stopped ut the sand.
cut, about four miles west Of Pallsade.
Constable Mccoy went down there yes
terday and had no trouble in finding his
man. Shanks first denied his identity
but finally admitted that he was the Eel.
low the constable was after. tie was
brought to Elko and placed in jail to
await word from the Ohio sheriff.
According to the letter OF the sheriff
to the o~fiicers here. Shanks ia IN all
around thief and u bad man IN general.
tie will doubtless be taken back TO
Ohio TO answer for his crimes.
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1902-02-21
(FRoM FRIDAYS DAILY.l
Salmagundi.

Don't forget the dance at the Depot
Hotel tonight.
Glad TO learn that Judge Morgan is
better today.
Walter Gilmore is circulating around
town. lie says he is happy and thai
everybody else in his section is the same
The Club Saloon is head quarters for
anheuser and 0udweiser, the celebrat
ed ST Louis beers. Sold by the barrel,
bottle or glass
On account OF the large force OF men
at work at Clnrk's station a ~pustuiiice
will be cstGbli .hed tne7o. John f.
Cowcll will be the postmaster.
The Gazette says that Dr. Gibsou was
called To Clark'S station yesterday to ut
tend Il man with the smallpox. DIR
Gibson ~quarantined his patient.
The Marine Bros. will give a
dance at the Depot Hotel Dining
Room Oh Friday evening February Dist,
beginning Mt 8 o'clock. Admission, gen.
tlemen q: ladies free.
Constable Mccoy arrested Thomas
Murphy aud Hazel Edwards yesterday
and charged them with sethng liquor to
lndians. They will nave a hearing be.
fore the U. S. Commissioner.
George g. Messer v has opened a
shop at Messerly's cigar store for clean
ing, securing and repairing all kinds Of
clothes. He s~olicits ID share OF the pub
lie patronage.
Constable Mccoy received a dispatch
today from Sheriff Garvin, Cadiz. Ohio.
saying that lie would come after VIM.
Shanke at once and to hold him until he
could get here. Sharks will be held.
The Bonanza says ground will be
broken within thirty days Tor the extern
sion OF the Nevada Central railroad
from Ledlie to Tonopah. The distance
between the two points is 100 miles. II
further states that Il private company 10
organized to build "a railroad from Tono.
pah to Sodaville to connect with the
Carson 4 Colorado at the latter place.
The Lovclock Land and Development
company Ia going right ahead with the
planting Of wheat. THIS ia in tho lace
OF a prospect Tor a dry year. The most
the company can lose is the seed and the
blowing, In any event there will be
enough moisture for a hay crop. Alfalfa
ID a surer crop and will give little un.
easiDess abont water.
+. A. Williams and W. NJ. Hickerson,
an oil well driller and an expert me.
chanic, have arrived from Bakersfield,
California, to work for the Rocky Noun.
tain Oil Company, The boiler and pipo
VIII be shipped from San Francisco TO
day and on lite arrival will be taken to
the site Of the proposed we'll and put in
place. TX moth ng unEorese, IN occurs TO
delay operations, drilling will begin
about the first Of March.
The assertions made by State papers
that Loyelock valley is IA very unhealthy
place are not substantiated by the NOR.
Utility rate, says the Argus. During the
past six months there have been three
deaths in the entire valley. and in three
cases death resulted FROM accident. We
have a population Of 1850 and there ia
less sickness and fewer death in this
district than in any Community in the
State OF the same population.
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1902-02-21
Beware OF OIntments for Catarrh TINT
Contain Mercury,

Beware OF oIntments for Catarrh TINT
Contain Mercury.
as mercury viii surol! destroy the sense
OF smell and completely dcrnnge the
whole system when entering through
the mucous surfaces. Such articles
should nevor be used except on pre-
scrip,iops from reputable physicians, MS
the damage they will do is ten fold to
the good you Ooh possibly derive from
them. Halls Catarrh Cure, manufac.
turel by +. j. Cheney & Co, Toledo o ,
contains no mercury, aud is taken in.
%te'nallY, acting directly upon the blood
aud mucous surfaces OF tie system. In
buying Halls Catarsh Cure be suro yon
get the genuine. 1t is taken internally,
and made in Toledo, Ohio, by f.. j
Cheney & Co. Testimonials FREQ.
Sold by Druggiste Tao.
Halls Family Pills are tho beet,
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1902-02-21
Some Foolish rropio.

Allow a cough to run until il gets
beyond the reach OF medicine. they
often cay. "Oh, IL will wear away" but
In most eases 1t wears them away. Could
they DO Induced to try tho successful
medicine called Kerpp's Bslsam, which
10 sold on a positive guarantee to cure,
they would immediately see the oIcel.
lieut. effect after taking tho first dose.
Puce a1o. and 50c. Trial sizo FREQ. For
sale by Elko Drug Co,
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1902-02-21
Mis-. Cownov-r's Funeral.

Tho funeral ri Mrs. a. A. Cownover
took place from the Episcopal church
this afternoon, Rev. Geo. Z. Piummer
officiating. Tho church was crowded
with the triende OF tho family. After
The services at tho church, tho remeipo
were taken TO the Masonic cemetery,
where the bnrial ecrvice Of the Bppco.
pal church wha performed. a largo
procession OF citizens followed the re.
mains to the cemetery. May che spst in
peace,
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1902-02-21
Dams In Danger.

Inc following letter wH received this
mornings
80, "IIR'lcCk. New Ola, 02.
ioIhE INDEPENDENT, ElkO:
fleaac inform Major Miller 10 stake
"o"h ms dame; Tor wo urc Liable to Ilnye
oncm Ill the Humboldt the next tort,
days. wy,ruyv p,nnm.n
"ilaIlcck.-
l" Major Miller tails 10 tako advan
we 81 this warning and loses his damn,
""ili not be the fault OF IIalleck',
Weather prophet, whose predictions
"a'"'y ever prove truo. Major, stake
down your dams.
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1902-02-21
IbIEID.

CowSovER- In EIko, Nevada, February
Is. 1902, Mrs. Mary Emnia CownoYer,
beloved vito OF A.A Cowuuver. n
natiyo Of Newark, New Jersey, aged
90 yeare, $ mos. and 81 days.
BAKER-ln Ruby Mountains, Elko
County, Nevada, February III. 1902,
Mr.. John Il. Baker. a native Of Al.
bauy, Now YORK. aged about 60 years.
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1902-02-21
DEMOCsATIU STATE CENTRAL
COMMITTEE.

Thore will be a meeting OF tho Demo.
cratic State Central Committee at Reno
at O'Clock p. NJ. Saturday, March 8,
loO2' a full attendance 10 requested.
.. Fl. SToDDARp, Chairman.
JoHN Ii. DEsais, Secretary.
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1902-02-21
BORIS.

HENDERSON In Elko. Nevada. Febru
AIRY 10, 1902, to the wife Of Charles Is.
Henderson, Il son.
ScoTT-At RnSlind, Elko county. Ne.
Tada. January -, 1902, to the wife OF
j. b. Scott. Il son.
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1902-02-21
a onrsr Of wnmnnhlna.

IL sick and nervous headaches.
sherman Headache cure gives instant
relief One dose cures. Guaranteed
perfectly harmless. Immediate relief
DC n loc' n box. 1t cures neuralgia.
Every box guaranteed. For saIo by
Elko Drug Co.
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1902-02-21

Tho sincere thanks OF the undersigned
are hereby tendero1 to all who SO kindly
assisted us during the i.luess. death and
burial of our beloved vito and mother.
fonr sympithy mud kindnt 50 will never
DO forgotten. Respectfully you're,
Mr.. a. q. cowSovGR,
Ma. And Mas. \, q. NELsoN.
ELKo, Nevada, February 81. 1862.
Weekly independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 1887-1914, 1902-02-21

Uow Are Your RtdneysV
pI q Sft @SS S;d. Hs,aSG: f asS :s5' S1 5't SsFsss tIl e. sss.E.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-10-15
Death Of Mrs. Josephine Ward.

New York, Oct. 14.-Mrs. Josephine
Ward, a friend of Dolly Madison and of
Mrs. Julia d. Grant, widow of Gen.
Grant. is dead at the home of her
daughter in this city. She was nearly
so years of age.
Mrs. Ward, in her youth, was one of
the bellies of Kentucky. Her maiden
name was Harris. Her grandfather,
Gen. James Taylor, of Newport. KY.
took part in the war of 1912 and loaned
his large private fortune to the govern
ment.
Miss Harris was related to three
presidents of the United States. She
was a first cousin of James Madison
and Gen. Zachary Taylor, and distantly
related to Jefferson. Between her
and the beautiful Dolly Madison there
was warm friendship, and sic fire.
.quently visited the home Of the Madi-
sons at Montpelier.
Miss Harris was married in 1S47 to
George W. Ward, prominent cotton
broker of New Orleans, who died In
1870
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-10-15
FIRM FOUNDATION.
N othing Can Undermine 1t in Marshall

N0tn1n9 Gan OnGcrmIne u III wi dr9ndjJ-
town.
People are sometimes slow to recog-
nize true merit and they can not be
blamed, for so many in the past have
been humbugged. The experience OF
hundreds of Marshalltown residents
expressed publicly thru newspapers
and other sources places Doan's Kidney
pills on firm foundation.
Mrs. w. H. Price, of 500 Summit
street, says: Experience taught me
that Doan's Kidney Pills. sold at Nc
Bride & Wills drug store, can be relied
on to cure pains in the back or other
evidences of disturbed condition OF
the kidneys. This is Of considerabl
Importance because there are great
many preparations on the market
which are worthless and after the suf-
ferer makes repeated attempts to OBJ
tain relief and the results are not forth
coming he naturally grows discouraged.
This too prevalent kidney complaint
seems to be one Of the ills to which
nearly all our sex is heir, but the fact
that Doan's Kidney Pills are sure
cure will be the means Of bringing
health and happiness to many who
have heretofore sought this boon with
out avail. l speak advisedly because
the remedy not only relieved me per-
sonally Of pain, but am in position
% Judge from the experience Of others
whose opinions can be relied upon
For sale by all dealers. Foster-Mil-
burn Company, Buffalo, N. Y, sole
agents for the United States.
Remember the name. Doan's, and
take no substitute.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-10-15
Very Low Rates TO California.

Beginning October /. next, the Iowa
Central Railway will inaugurate thru
Pullman tourist car for It's low rate coll
onist excursions to California, start
Ing from Mason City and Marshalltown
every Wednesday. Fare only $3O.S5
from Mason City and Marshalltown
Proportionately low rates from other
places.
Berth in this new and comfortable
thru sleeping car costs only $500 from
Mason City and $3.50 from Marshall
town.
Thru to California in less than four
days.
The low rate is effective during Sep
TENDER and October.
81 For information as to ticket rates and
berth reservations. apply to nearest
Iowa Central ticket agent or address.
A. B. Cults,
6. P. & T. A., Minneapolis.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-10-15

trade We're explained in detail. Contin-
uing, he said:
My whole purpose in what have
said is to challenge the proposition
that we are hopelessly helples under
our system of government to deal with
serious problems which confront us in
respect to our greatest interest. Since
the radical questions of human rights
and human governments have been
settled, the production, preservation,
and distribution of wealth receive the
chief attention of civilized peoples.
Primarily it is for congress to decide
whether it has the power, and whether
and to what extent it will execute 1t
what character of restraints, whether
all or those only which are unreasona-
bic and injurious shall fall under the
ban, whether legislation in the first in
stance shall extend to all commerce or
only in articles of vital Importance to
the people. The time never was when
the English speaking people permitted
the articles necessary for their exist
ence to be monopoized or controlled,
and all devices to that end found con-
domination in the body of their laws.
The great English judges pronounced
that such manifestations of human av-
arice required no statute to declare
their unlawfulness, that they We're
crimes against common law-that is,
against common right.
1T is difficult to improve upon the
great unwritten code known as the
common law. Under its salutary guar
antees and restraints the English
speaking people have attained wealth
and power. 1t condemns monopoly, and
contracts In restraint of trade as Well.
The distinction, however, between re-
strants that are reasonable in view of
all the circumstances and those which
are unreasonable, is recognized and has
been followed In this country by the
courts.
'.rhis distinction makes rule that
may be practically applied, and pre-
serves the rational mean between un-
restrained commerce and the absolute
freedom of contract"
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-10-15
THE f'IUs FUND AWARD.
Terms Of the Courts Decision Made
Public

Terms Of the Courts Decision Made
Public. 81
The Hague, Oct. 15.-The arbitration
court in the Plus fund case has con-
demned Mexico to pay the United
States $14O6S2.67 in Mexican currency.
The decision of the court was unani-
nous.
The tribunal finds:
First-That the claim Of the United
States in behalf of the archbishop of
San Francisco is governed by the prin-
ciple of res judicicata In value. of the
arbitration decision pronounced by Sir
Edward Thornton, Nov. IL, 1875. and
amended by Sir Edward Thornton Oct.
"a, 1876.
Second-That in conformity with this
decision the government Of the United
States of Mexico should pay the gov
eminent of the United States $780,
6S267 in money of the legal currency
of Mexico, within the period fixed by
article 10 of the protocol of Washing
ton. This sum will cover the total pay
ment of annuities due from and unpaid
by the government of the Mexican re-
public, namely, the annual payment Of
$4305099 in Mexican currency. 1902.
Third-The government of the Unit
ed States Of Mexico will pay to the
government of the United States Feb.
2, 1903, and every following year for the
same date for over an annual payment
of $43,050.99 of money of the legal cur
rency of Mexico.
The decision of the tribunal was read
by Secretary General RIiyssenaers in
the presence of the members of the
diplomatic corps, their wives and the
representatives of the li.igants.
DR.. Matson, president of the court,
who declared that revision of the SEN
tence was only possible in the event of
the new facts coming to light, thanked
the representatives of the United
States and of Mexi~o for their assist
ance in enlightening the arbitrators.
He added that. While no single Judge
was infallible, the unaninity of the ar
tbitrators who had so closely examined
the whole question at Issue was a guar
antee that no mistake had been made.
President Matson concluded with ex-
pressing the best wishes for the health
of Queen W'ilhelmina AMI the prosperi-
ty of her people who had welcomed the
members OF the court SD cordially.
Mr.. Ralstoon of San Francisco, one
OF the lawyers in the case, and Senior