Arizona republican., 1902-11-14
Pins, Hooks and Eyes
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Needles and pins, Needles and pins, When q mans married His trouble begins.

W hen q man married
 His trouble begins.
 Not long ago the Commercial pub lished some statistics of the pin-and- needle industry in the United States. most of the article being deVoted to comparisons and analyses of figures re- lating to ordinary pins, hair pins. safety pins and so forth. Some more general figures and facts bearing on the manufacture of pins and hooks and-eyes are here subjoined.
 The manufacture of pins has become such an industry in the United States that it's mills practically supply the world with this much needed article. and yet the demand is by no means a small one In 1900 the 75.000. GOO peO- ple in the United States used 66,00O. 000 gross Of common pins. which is equal to 9,5OO,OOO coo pins. or an average Of about 126 pins for every man. woman and child in the country. This is the highest average reached anywhere in the use of pins. Ten years ago We used only about seventy-two pins apiece.
 Figures condensed by the American Exporter from the census reports dis close that the total number of pins manufactured in the United States during 1900, the census year. was 6S. SS9.2eO gross. There are forty three factories in all with 2,35S employees. The business has grown rapidly during the last twenty years, for, although there were forty factories in 1880. they produced only half as much, employed only about half the capital and only 1.017 hands. There has been a COnsid erable increase in the number O. WO- men and children employed in pin fac tories of late years. which is an indi- cation that the machinery is being inn proved and simplifed and that it's op- eration does not require so high an or der of mechanical skill.
 Hooks and eyes are a by-product of pin making and are produced at most Of the factories from material that will not do for pins The output of hooks and eyes in 1909 was 1.131 SPA gross.
 Pins and hooks and eyes are turned out by automatic machines in such quantities today that the cost of man ufacture is practically limited to the value of the brass wire from which they are made. single machine does the whole business. Coils Of wire hung upon reels, are passed into the machines which cut them into proper itll5 lllss anu tIlES ulOD O-L Into d re- ceptacle and arrange themselves in the line of a slot formed by two bars. When they reach the lower end of the bars they are seized and pressed be tween two dies, which form the heads. and pass along into the grip of another steel instrument, which points them by pressure. They are then dropped into a solution of sour beer, whirling as they go to be cleaned, and then into a hot solution of tin. which is also kept revolving. They here receive their bright coat of metal and are pushed along, killing time. until they have had an opportunity to harden. when they are dropped into a revolving barrel of bran and sawdust which coOls and pOlishes them at the same time. Because of the oscillation of the bran they work gradually down to the bottom of the barrel, which is metallic plate cut into sits just big enough for the points of the pins, but