davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20
ron RENT-IIOUsEs.

~--~----~~-@|----~----~---
WE HAVE A VERY DESIRABLE
house. ga Park avenue, east, facing
south: nice yard, house in first-class
order and condition with all modern
conveniences; rent right; Estate Salo-
mon Cohen, West Broad ana Brough-
ton.
FOR RENT, RESIDENCE NO. IS
Thirty-ninth street, east, between Bull
and Drayton; all conveniences. j. K.
p. Carr.
FOR RENT. COMFORTABLE COY
house, 1905 Lincoln street, between
Waldburg and Park Avenue; every
convenience, in first-class order and
condition, and has nice yard with SER
wants rooms; right rent to right ten-
ant. Estate Solomon Cohen, Brough-
ton and West Broad.
ANY ONE WISHING A MOST DE-
strable house on CASTOR street, east,
most beautiful locality; house In per-
feet order and condition; every con-
venience. Apply Estate Solomon Co
hen. Broughton and West Broad.
THREE STORY RESIDENCE. 81
Lincoln street: rent reasonable. Apply
to John Lyons e. Co.
FOR RENT, FIVE ROOMS AT
Montgomery and Best streets. Apply
Mr.. F.. W. Quonte.
TO RENT, THE HANDSOME,
modern brick residence, 1907 Whitaker
street, between Park avenue and VALID
burg street. fronting the Park Extern
sion: the house has double parlors,
dining room. library, large butler s
pantry, store room and kitchen (the
two latter and the entry are tiled),
six large bed chambers and handsome
bath room. standing basins in two
rooms; two servants rooms In base
ment, also furnace room and furnace;
bath room for servants and good
stable. The premises will be put in
good condition for tenant. Apply to
Youmans & Demmond. Bryan street,
east.
FOR RENT. RESIDENCE, no
Duffy street, west; also 317 Hall street,
west; possession given Immediately,
Apply to c. II. Dorset.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20
ron RENT-ROOMs.


BASEMENT ROOM TO RENT,
suitable for physician; will arrange to
suit tenant. % Jones street. east.
FURNISHED ROOMS WITH ELEC-
trio lights, IS per month and up; lodg-
ing 25c and soc; 81 meal tickets. best
on earth. $3.50. Hillyard's Planters Ho-
tel, Savannah, Ga. and New Brighton
Hotel, Townsville. Ga.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

FRESH SEPARATED CREAM A
speciality with the Kensington Dairy.
All orders delivered promptly. Georgia
,nhone 747 Bell ,nhone So.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

FOR SALE. REsTAuRANT. no. sos
Weff Liberty street, "a splendid Oppor-
tunity for night party Reason for
selling going ~ leaYe city
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

BEFORE YOU BUY OR SELL
property consult Robert II. Tatem, real
estate dealer, York, west; Georgia
phone 1860.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

If IN MED OF A SEWING MA
chine and want the best one made.
telephone Youmans e. Leete, 343 West
Broad; WE will send out for your in
spection a Standard Grand Automatic
machine. fastest and lightest running
machine made. Georgia phone 357.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS..


WANTED, 1000 MEN AND WON
en- to buy a package of Afcolets, the
worlds laxative, works while you
sleep. For sale by all druggists at 10
cents a package.
TIMBER LANDS WANTED; WE
want timber lands tributary to Savan-
nah that can be reached either by rail
or water: owners will find 1T to their
advantage to consult us before selling.
A. S. Bacon e. Sons.
CAN SELL YOUR BUSINESS NO
matter where it is: send description;
state price, and learn how; established
1896; highest references; offices in IA
cities. w. M Ostrander. 1443 N. A.
building, Philadelphia, Pa.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20
ron sALE-MIscELLANEoUs.

FOR SALE. CONTENTS OF CEN
trail Hotel. including bar and fixtures;
40 rooms; everything in first-class con-
dition. Apply az hotel.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20
FLATS FOR RENT.

FOR RENT, ELEGANT SECOND
floor fiat. Apply 236 Oglethorpe ave-
nue., east.
DO you WANT A NICE COMFOR-
table fiat with all conveniences in a
flrst-class locality? If so we can fur
nish you with one on CASTOR street,
and make you right rent, too. Estate
Solomon Cohen, West Broad and
Broughton.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

A CHANCE TO SECURE GOOD,
unimproved farming lands at very
low price, in lots of one acre to 1000
suitable for any crop; price, 81 and $3.50
an acre; good titles; call and see the
lands. Benjamin Sans, Folkston, Ga.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

TYPEWRITERS AND SUPPLIES.
We sell the only up-to-date
typewriters on the market as
well as the best typewriter supplies
Satisfaction guaranteed. Folger Bros,
No. 16 Board of Trade Building
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

FOR SALE, 5000 ACRES OF FIRST
class pine timber land and thoroughly
equipped sawmill ready for operation,
located on Atlantic Coast Line Rail-
road. seven miles south of Ocala. APP
ply to James NJ Barco. Ocala, Fla.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20
MONEY TO LOAN.

FARM LOANS NEGOTIATED
throughout the state; large loans pre-
ferred; correspondence invited with
farmers direct and with attorneys.
merchants and bankers, who have cli-
ents or customers desiring such loans.
J. T. Holleman, "a South Broad street,
Atlanta, Ga
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

GAS AND STEAM FITTING,
plumbing of every description. stoves,
ranges and furnaces, repaired on short
notice; three gas ranges for sale SO
each. The National Plumbing Com
pany, 145 Whitaker. Phone 658.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

WHEELS FOR BOYS AND GIRLS
at low prices, and on easy terms. Oak
man a. ONeil. Drayton, near Ogle-
thorpe.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

WHETHER YOU WANT A NEW
or second hand typewriter here is the
place to get 1t. Machines rebuilt at
lowest prices. Folger Bros.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

MINGLEDORFF AND co. REPAIR
engines and boilers, rice mills and fur
nish castings of all kinds; work
prompt. Phones $685. $40 Indian street.
write them.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

FOR SALE, $4,000 acres of timber
lands; will cut 80 boxes. and 1900 feet
to the acre. Address, Frank w. Pope.
Jacksonville Fla
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

PLUMBING; FOREST CITY
Plumbing Co.; estimates cheerfully
given on all kinds of plumbing, steam
and hot water heating, all kinds or
large pipe cut and threaded to order.
and a speciality of large fittings; repair
work a speciality; office and shop 430
Whitaker street. Georgia phone 624;
Bell 1925. w. A. Slauter, manager.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

j. w. TEEPLE is HEADQUAR-
tiers for Hot Stuff heaters, oil heaters,
stoves and ranges. Best goods at low
est prices. 315-31s Broughton. west.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

WANTED, A THOROUGHLY COM
petent and sober stenographer, who has
had experience in law office; no other
need apply. Address Box 90, care
Morning News.
WANTED, HELP OF ALL KINDS.
men, boys, women and girls. Wan
dells. 215 West Broad.
WANTED, A GOOD. RELIABLE
bar boy (colored): best references re-
quired. Apply Drayton street.
LIBERAL COMPENSATION AND A
most fiattering position open for thor
ough1y competent, energetic, reliable
and resourceful representative of
splendid business proposition, directly
interesting leading men and women of
Savannah and vicinity; excellent OPP
portunity for experienced man; expert
enced advertising man preferred Adj
dress James S. Mccartney, treasurer
and general manager, International
League of Press Clubs, Journalists
Home Fund. No. oil Walnut street,
Philadelphia. Pa.
WANTED, TRAVELLING SALES
men of energy and ability to sell a
high grade speciality line to general
merchants. Box sos, st. Louis. Mo.
If YOU WANT A POSITION WE
will secure one for you in any capacity,
anywhere. Apply to the Metropolitan
Business Bureau, No. 124S Broad street,
Augusta, Ga.
WANTED, PERSON TO CALL ON
| retail trade and agents for manufac-
| turing house, local territory; salary
$19.70 paid weekly and expense money
advanced; previous experience unnec-
essary; business successful; enclose
| self-addressed envelope. Standard
, House, Caxton building, Chicago.
MALE AND FEMALE LETTER
writer's paid $12 per hundred letters.
Ayres & Bro, Cambridge, Md.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20
FOREST

CALL UP SO7 AND WIGGINs WILL
send out at once a plumber to connect
up your stove.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

WATCHES CLEANED AND PUT
in order for 81. j. Wachstein, lis Con-
gress, west; jewelry repaired in all
branches; engraving done while you
wait.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20
PLUMBING,

FOR GOOD, RELIABLE PLUMB
ing work call around to L. A. McCar-
thy & Son, 142 Drayton street. All
work done by us strictly first-class.
HAVE YOU ANY REPAIR TO DO
to your plumbing? II so call up Wig
gin he will attend to same at once. S07
either phone.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

sAwDUST FREE TO ANY ONE
who will haul it at Jarratt Bros saw
mill.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20
HELP WANTED-MALE.

WANTED, A THOROUGHLY COM
petent and sober stenographer, who has
had experience in law office; no other
need apply. Address Box 80, care
Morning News.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

ONE OF THE FINEST THINGS ON
the market, the Alamo gas and gaso-
line engine. Mingledorn & Co. agents.
$40 Indian street
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20
MISCELLANEOUS.

LET ME- REPAIR YOUR BICYCLE
for Christmas: work first-class and
guaranteed price, the cheapest. Wall
ter f. Higgins. President and Drayton.
]. & c. N. THOMAS HAVE RE-
ceived beautiful life of Xmas goods;
prices within your reach.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

WANTED, HELP OF ALL KINDS,
men, boys, women and girls. Wan
dells, 215 West Broad.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20
PHOTOGRAPHY.

XMAS PHOTOS. XMAS PHOTOS.
Get them at Wilson's Studio: he en-
ploys large and skillful force; and is
at all times ready to serve you with
the latest and best at most reasonable
prices: nothing nicer for Xmas present;
see his photo jewelry novelties. Will
sons Studio. Al Bull street: both
phones.
CHRISTMAS PHOTOGRAPHS. ALL
photographs from sittings made up to
Dec. 81 inclusive will be finished for
Christmas. Finest work only and sat
isfaction guaranteed. Moore's Studio,
107 Broughton, west.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

toys. drums and violins magic Ian
terms, bisque figures, vases, wine sets,
fancy cups and saucers and dinner
sets, at wholesale and retail prices. s.
Bernstein, 303 and 3O5 Broughton. west
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

BEFORE HAVING YOUR TIN
ming work done, call and see ": good
work done AZ reasonab BILE prices. Repair
work our speciality. l.. A. Mccarthy
& son. lf2 Drayton street,
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

WANTED, A GOOD. RELIABLE
bar boy (colored): best references re-
quired. Apply 9 Drayton street
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

FOR RENT, RESIDENCE NO. is
Thirty ninth street, east. between Bull
and Drayton; all conveniences. j. X.
z. Carr.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

RAuGAINs. DON'T TAKE Nv
word, but lake my prices On suites. iron
beds. mattinEs. shades. etc. and conn
pare with others. .. w. Teeple. AS
80 iiropshton, aest
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

TOYS, Toys. TOYS. DOLLS. DOLL
carriages and go-carts, doll chairs and
rockers, toy fronts and PIANOS. tool
chests, air rifles. guns and footballs,
boys iron and wood wagons, wheel
barrows, velocipedes and automobiles,
sulkeys, patrol wagons. goat harness
and girls tricycles, games and tenpins,
and Japanese lanterns, flags, Christ
mas tree candles and ornaments; a big
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20
PERSONAL.


SEE OUR LINE OF DOLLS. THE
best in city. Oppenheimer. Sloat &
Co
ONE POUND BOX FINE ASSORT-
ed candies or chocolates. Csc, at Het-
terich's. 10 State street west.
A CANARY AND CAGE is A NICE
Christmas present; get at Gardeners,
AZ Barnard street.
AT MILLER'S, THERE ARE SOME
beautiful bed room suites at $Ss. S45.
$50 and up to $3.50. Some pretty little
three-piece parlor suites in genuine
mahogany. Many good things We
have with which you can make home
pleasant and attractive for Xmas.
Come and see us. Miller's, POI Brough-
ton. west
JUST RECEIVED A NICE LINE OF
silver novelties for Xmas trade. OPP
penheimer. Sloat & Co.
OFFICE AND STORE FIXTURES
in ash, oak, cypress and pine. A. S.
Bacon & Sons.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

SASH, DOORS AND BLINDS, WIN
dow and door screens. We manufac-
.ture them. A. S. Bacon e Son.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

SHOES HALF-SOIiED AND HEEL
ed so cents; the best white oak leather
used; rubber heels put on IS cents;
pants pressed, Is cents; we also clean
and repair everything in the line of
ladies' and mems clothes; come and
give us call. D. Epstein. 112 Dray-
ton street; Georgia phone 2808.
IAIIoOIo u,IrIA q, a ~ q I2ILre n a GLI
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

savannah made one yard through
Jacksonyiile's line which was almost
lm2regnable, and after two more at
bmpts BY savannah without much
gain, HUI kicked 20 JacksOnville's ten
yard line, huf gAeeney. who FOR the
hrst time this season plsyea quarter
back, caught fhe ball and returned it
slsnteen yards before being doWned
liffe time was called, the half being
minutes. shlch showed hoW fast
stfannah hnea-up, and a O. dee 90
thiH faei oleae ihat the score stood.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

HILLYARD'S PLANTERS HOTEL.
Savannah, Ga, and Hillyard's New
Brighton Hotel, Townsville. Ga:
American and European plan: 81 to So
per day; furnished rooms with cleo
trio lights, etc, SIS per month and up;
best value on earth
The Savannah morning news., 1902-12-20

Last night Manager Michels and the
members of the Savannah team enter
tanned the Jacksonville boys. with re-
freshments and lunch at the Turkish
baths, and the friendly feeling that
has existed between them was made
stronger in jollity and sport.
Manager Michels will probably ar
range return game to be given Jack
sonville in that city Jan. 10.
Arizona silver belt., 1902-03-13
Foreign coronations.

A very large number of Americans agree with the views expressed by Wayne MacVeagh, who objects to the custom of sending special embassies to attend foreign coronations. MT. Mac Veagh believes that it is undignitied and inconsistent for republic, which owes its independence to it's fight against monarchial traditions, to par ticipate in ceremonies expressly de- signed so emphasize the mCnarchial idea. All the necessary courtesies are already performed through the regu- lar diplomatic channels, the special embassy to the coronation is some thing out of the ordinary and be ond what international civility requires. This government does, and should, show courtesy to foreign governments and their nominal heads, but when 1t sends em mbassSeS to participate in the king-masing process 1t acts at vari- ance with it's own fundamenta doc urine, which is that men rule by con sent of the governed and not by right of birth. It will be best to go out of the king-making business. Blsbee Re view
Arizona silver belt., 1902-03-13

In the Probate Court of Gila County, Arizo- ma Territory.
 In the Matter of tEe Estate of Matilda J :. Moore, Deceased.
 Notice is hereby given that in pursuance of an order of the Probate Court, in and for the County of Gila, Territory of Arizona, made on the 25th day of January, 1902, in the mat ter of the estate of Matilda J. Moore. de- ceased, the undersigned, the administrator of said estate, will sell at public auction, to the highest bidder, in lawful money of the United States, subject to confirmation by said Probate Court on the 20th day of February, 1902, at II o'clock .. m. on that day, in front of the Court House, in the Town of Globe, in the said County of Gila, Territory of Arizona, to-wit
 Lot @ Two, Block (73) Seventy three, situ- ate on Broad rect, in the Town of Globe, Gila county, rizona. together with all lm- provements thereon.
 Terms of Sale Cash. Ten per cent of pur. chase price to accompany bid; balance to be paid in cash when sale is confirmed.
 JAS. A. MOORE, Administrator of the Estate of Matilda ! Moore. deceased.
 Dated January S0tb, lsos
Arizona silver belt., 1902-03-13
January Copper.

The figures of United States copper production in January of the present pear present two striking features as contrasted with the figures of any month of last year. For instance Production is reported at lS,955 lonl tons, being about ,000 tons less than in December, 1901 2,0O0 less than in November, and over 5, loo tons less than the preceding month October, l90l.l
 Exports during those same months were as follows: October, 1901, S,0l6 tons; November, 6,069 tons Decem- Der, lO,07l tons; January, 1902, l5.02l tons.
 Here, then, we have a decreased monthly production of 5,143 tons (Oc- tober, 1901, compored with January. 1902, and monthly increase in ex- ports the same months compared 5f 7,005 tons. ThLse are figures that may well start the copper producer think ing.
 Nor is this all. It is well known, and admitted, that exports of copper from the United States will show dur ing the next few months even larger quantities than that of last January, as large contracts have been made for future delivery aoroad.-Los Angeles Review.
Arizona silver belt., 1902-03-13
Have You Ever Noticed.

Have you ever noticed that the woman who accomplishes the most in this world is the one who is sensible enough not to work too hard or too long without resting? Besides she is younger and fresher looking for her years than the woman who works to the limit of every days strength and lag' herself out with drudging. She IS strong to satisfy the demands of home and her particular surround 'nES and above all, to prepare good '""d, Which is almost sure, if no t"armS are left, to make idol worship CTS Of her comrades at home, says WOman'S Life.
Arizona silver belt., 1902-03-13
Notice of Sale of Real Estate.

In the Probate Court of the County of tiila,
 Territory of Arizona. In the matter of the estate of Lewis Robin
 son, deceased,
 Under authority of an order of sale granted by the Probate Court of the County of Gila, Territory of Arizona, dated Dec. l2th, A. D. 1901, will sell at private sale the following described real estate, to. wit: The possessary claim or homestead, together with all the i'm provements thereon, belonging to the estate of Lewis Robinson, deceased, situated about half mile southeast of the Town of Globe, Gila county, Arizona.
 The sale will be made on or after the FOURTH DAY OF JANUARY, A. n. 1902, and bids will be received at the office of J. Suter, Broad street, Globe, or at the office of the Probate Court of said county and ter ritory.
 Terms of Sale--Cash, lawful money of the United States ten per cent of bid payable at the time of sale, and the balance upon con firmation by said court
 JACOB SUTER, Administrator
 Dated Dec. F, 1901.
Arizona silver belt., 1902-03-13
Value in Waste Places.

That gold and other valuable min erals should be developed in sections of the world otherwise sighted by nature is properly classed in "com- penSatiOnS OC Providence. The snows of Siberia and the klOndike are brayed for the recovery of the measure of values. In Arizona and West Australia waterleSS wastes nave yielded fortunes in copper and gold, the country being absolutely barren outside of these metals.
 And now comes a London report concerning the location of a great gold-bearing quartz ledge on the French Ivory coast. As this report comes from ASsiui, it is presumed that the ledge exists in that neighbor- hood. If 80, 1t is located near the bOrdcr of the British Gold coast. on the northern shore of the gulf of Guinea. The latter has been source of gold production from the earliest days of West African exploration, so that there is nothing unusual or un- expected in the alleged new discovery. If the vein is what it is represented to be, it carries fair body of moder- ately high grade ore. The telegraphic description of it gives the width eight feet and the value of the contents from two ounces to eight ounces of gold per ton. As Gold coast metal is nearly pure, the ore carries from $40 to $l6O per ton when reduced to our monetary basis of value. The par ticular significance attaching to the discovery is in tue fact that it is one Of quartz. West African gold has hithC.tO been obtained from gold bearing sands; in other words, from placer deposits. The French dis. c0Yery thus opens up new per maneat source of gold supply on the Ivory coast to increase the volume of the worlds production and advance us another peg toward the $400, 600 a year which is supposed by some economists to represent the worlds power of absorption Of the precious metal without disturbing the present standard of values Rocky Mountain News.
Arizona silver belt., 1902-03-13

distributed among the members of the syndicate as five per cent profit on the $2o0, 900, ,00o pledged and forty per cent profit on the S25, ,O0o GOO actually advanced. This, however, does not complete the deal The members of the syndicate are to receive further dividends out of additional profits, and the "street" estimates that upwards of $i0,000,000 will be ultimately dis tributed as profits of the syndicate. It is announced that proposition to convert the $5lO,0OO,OOO outstanding seven per cent preferred steel stock into five per cent bonds is being con- sidered by the management, but no immediate action is contemplated.
Arizona silver belt., 1902-03-13
M. < P. < s. B. Y. Railroad

AZ Mead dOWn fN Read up f Train stops ou signal.
 Pacific standard time.
 Train No. connects with s. P. train No. westbound, leaving Maricopa at 9.13 p. m, and with Sunset Limited eastbound, passing Maricopa 7:S0 p. m. Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays.
 Train Nc. 2 connects with S. P. No. 10, eastbound, leaving Maricopa at B. a. m., and waits for Sunset Limited, sw.stbol nd, passing Maricopa 7.30 a. m. Mondays, eortsosls and Saturdays. when advised of passengers Connection made at Phoenix with S. F. < P R. R. for Prescott.
 KMAS1EN, Pres. B F. Pt RTFR,
 Gen. Supt NJ. o. BICKNFLL, Gen F. and P. Agent. eneral offices at Phoeni Arizona.
Arizona silver belt., 1902-03-13
WATER WOULDN'T DO,
A Reminiscence of the Silver King Trail in the
 Early Days of Arizona.

Arizonans who knew Globe and the Silver King in the 7o' and sos, when both of those mining camps were ID tbeir glory. will remember the rough thirty-milc trail which at that time
 was the only mode of communication
 bety cen them, and led by Bloody
 Handsome of the few scenes of trag'
 edy where the Apaches instead of the
 whites furnished the blood-and mid
 way of it's length passed through Pinal
 ranch, a beautiful pineencinctured
 mountain meadow, with the gloomy
 Devils canyon a few miles beyond.
 That trail was built by General Stone man in 1868 in his operations against
 tEe Pinal Mountain Apaches, and the
 beetling cliffs are near by from which A band of terror-stricken Indians-but that will do for another time.
 Some of us were talking about that old trail the other day when "Screw" Wiggins recalled a reminiscence con nected with it. "Three of us," said WigginS; Pat Hamilton, Hugh Me- Crum and myself, were riding over to Globe from the Silver King mine, and McCrum had a gallon demiohn of whisky lashed to the horn of his sad de. As we were threading our way, single file, among the big boulders of Devils canyon, McCrum in the lead and Pat behind him. the unlucky dem- iiohn came loose from McCrum's sad dlehorn and was dashed into athousand pieces on the rocks below. My God ? exclaimed Pat, with look of horror. We're twenty-five miles from Globe, and we'll all perish for something to drink?' Why, there's lots of water said McCrum. pointing to the foaming torrent at the bottom of the canyon. Be hivens, man exclaimed Pat. This is no time for joking. What good in the world will water do us ?'
 This, of course, was in the old days, when no one travelled in Arizona with out good supply of whisky. h after years Pat Hamilton never touched a drop of liquor. Prescott Prospect.
Arizona silver belt., 1902-03-13
The Mergers.

while mergers pay, and can afford to contribute generously to the nation al campaign funds, anti-merger pro- ceedlngS, lndugurated by the federal attorney general, are extremely liable I' accumulate dust. Here is case 'h point: The steel syndicate agreed to advance $2O0, ,OOO,O to finance the united States Steel corporation. Only S-',OOO,OOO of this was called, and the .dm1unt called has since been re- turned Last week s10,000, 600 was