davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09
Feeding Ground Bone.

Mr.. L. wants to know whether to
feed ground cut bone in the mash or
separately, how often, how much to
100 hens, whether it can be fed to
growing chicks. These questions have
all been answered several times with
In a year, but there are always many
new subscribers for whom information
must be repeated. Green cut bone can
be given either in the mash or sepa-
rately, but prefer to feed it separate
ly and as a separate meal or bite
between meals. When hens are get
ting it regularly, they may safely be
fed all they will eat of it. The guam
tity will vary with the composition of
the other food. The usual estimate is
two ounces of bone per hen per week.
1t is best to give it two or three times
a week. Green bone, If cut fine enough,
can be fed to growing chicks with prof
it. They need meat food, and there is
certainly none better.-Farm Poultry.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09
Removing odors From MIX.

Many of the odors that affect milk
and cream are exceedingly volatile or
evaporate quickly if the milk is quick
ly cooled and is exposed to the air in
thin sheet, as it is in the aerator. where
it runs out over cold pipes or through
a cold air in slow flow of thin stream
or drops, says American Cultivator.
This includes the odors from weeds,
even the wild garlic, which is more
powerfully scented than the onion, the
odors from cabbage and turnips and
the stable odors, which cannot always
well be avoided when the cattle are
MIXED in the barn. We say they cam
not be avoided, because in many barns
there Is cellar filed with decompos-
ing manure and in those of Older con-
struction a deposit of liquids below the
floor. so that it is almost if not quite
impossible to prevent the air from hay
ing some part of the odor from below.
In such cases the only remedy is the
aerater, SO placed that it will permit
these odors to pass off and not allow it
to acquire new ones. We say the only
way, although a new stable with ce-
ment floor, kept clean by brushing and
washing each day, might prove more
effective if every farmer could afford
TO take such a radical measure.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09
Buying a CEurn.

The following points are to be con-
sidered in buying churn, says Nj. ID.
Watts in Kansas Farmer: The most
complete churning possible in a proper
space Of time-from one-third to one
hour. according to the condition of the
cream and room temperature : easy
filing, emptying, examining and clean
ing. The material of which the ehurn
is made should be of some hard, close
grained wood. made solid or firm and
fitted with suitable arrangement for
warping. Each churn has its own
working capacity. but is generally lin
tied to about one-third its actual meas
ure. Instantaneous churning is not
advisable for the reason of too great
loss of butter fat in the buttermilk and
an inferior quality of finished butter.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09

not need to be removed, thus leaving
no possibility of hair or dirt entering
the milk. 1t has been tried at the
Kansas state experiment station.
The points for and against it are as
follows:
For.-1. It is strictly sanitary. 2.
Nothing but soluble substances can en-
ter the milk. 3. Milk can be emptied
into g. can without straining except
through a cloth.
Against. 1t is harder to keep
clean than other pals. 2. Where each
cows milk is weighed, the pail has
to be weighed back each time on ac-
count of the foam that remains in it
and the cover. The amount varies
from two-tenths to fve-tenths of a
pound.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09
THE TEN ACRE EARN.

Any man who knows how can make
O vastly better living off ten acre
farm situated near some good town
than he can to work at any of the ordi-
nary trades which will bring him In a
daily income of from 50 to So per day.
You see, when man is so fixed that
he can keep a COW, two or three pigs,
seventy-five hens, have a first class
garden and small fruit plantation he
has got more than half of the living
for his family in sight right on his
place, saying nothing about what he
may be able to sell from 1t in the way
of surplus products. A good deal of
money can be extracted from a small
piece of land when one goes the right
way to work. For instance, each
square rod of well kept asparagus
bed will give return of not less than
81, while a hundred punches Of celery
can be raised on the square rod of
ground which would sell in any mar
ket for nearly as much. The hens
should pay the grocery bill, the COW
furnish all the milk and butter needed,
while the pigs will fill the lard jar
and the meat barrel. We often Won
der why so many smart men are con-
tent to work all their lives long for
some other man, using about all their
wages up in living expenses, when
they might be Independent, be their
own boss and live on the top shelf by
working a ten acre farm.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09
HOW to CIean CIothe..

A saturated solution of borax and
water rubbed on with sponge, then
followed by clear water, will remove
a glaze, the result of wear, from black
goods.
Borax is one of the best things for
the removal of grease spots from wool
en- goods. A cleaning mixture of which
it forms an important part is made by
dissolving one ounce of powdered borax
in one quart Of boiling water and set
ting it aside to COOL When quite cold,
add one ounce Of spirits of camphor,
and it is ready for use.
For some cleaning purposes the ma
terials are commonplace articles to be
found in every household. A cut raw
potato may be turned to good account
when you get mud stains on your black
dress. The mud should be left to J
before any attempt is made to remove
it. Brush it off as thoroughly as you
can after it has dried and then If any
stains remain rub the cut surface Of a
raw potato over the spots.
To remove grease spots from silk
moisten the spots with chloroform and
rub with cloth till dry.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09

portance to the problem Of devising a
cheap, easily managed and effective
covering for fumigating trees.
V. II. Lowe of the New York state
station has recently described a fumi-
gator designed for use on the smaller
trees. The frame of this fumigator is
constructed of pine strips three inches
wide and seven-eighths of an inch
thick, the strips being braced on three
sides by double crosspieces midway
between top and bottom and short
braces at the angles, as shown. The
base has but three sides, the fourth
side being omitted SO as to avoid the
necessity of lifting the fumigator over
the top of the tree. In order to
strengthen the base two strips extend
from the back strip of tie base to the
front end of the side strips. Two
stouter strips are bolted on to the
sides at convenient height for carrying
the fumigator. The fourth side is sep
arate from the rest of the fumigator. is
made of the same material and fits
tightly in place against the two inch
fange on the face of the box.
The frame is covered with any gas
tight material. Eight ounce duck treat
ed with raw oil and white lead or shell
lac and oil is suitable for this purpose.
AS a precaution against tearing of the
canvas at the top of tie fumigator a
wire net may be tackled on the inside
of the frame so as to prevent the limbs
from coming in contact with the can
vas. The canvas may be sewed so
that three sides are inclosed with one
large sheet. Around the base of the
fumigator a strip of canvas eighteen
inches wide is securely tackled, and
when the box is in place these strips
lie on the ground and may be covered
with dirt or, preferably, long sand bags
of small diameter for preventing the
escape of the gas. The movable face
of the box rests upon two inch fange,
which is covered with felt SO as to
prevent leakage. The surface of the
movable side which rests against the
f1ange is covered with the same mate
rial. This movable side is forced into
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09
PROPOSALS FOR THE BUILDING
= Oh
Wo County Roads
IN GLnTcEsTER cifrMrY. N I

Two separate committees of the Board of
Chosen Freeholders of the County OF Glouces-
ter N. j., in charge of the construction of the
two following described roads, will meet in the
Freehoders room in the Court House, in the
City of Woodbury., on Wednesday, January Is,
1902, at 1870 q, M, to receive sealed proposals
for the building of the two following described
roads,
The first beginning at the Glassboro and Ell
township line and extending thence over the
Glassboro and Hardingville road through Aura
to the Gloucester and Salem county line, dis
lance of &c, $50 feet
The second road beginning at the intersection
of Academy street with the Clayton and Glass
boro gravel road, in Clayton, and extending
thence over Academy strset by Fries mill to the,
Gross Keys road at Wiliiamstown, distance of
81 ,495 feet
Both roads to be built of gravel and be
butt III all respects in accordance with the sepa
rate plans and specifications file at the Office
OF William G. Cattel, Engineer, RenonAh, \.
Separate proposals from bidders for each sep
rate road snail be accompanied with separate
certified checks or approved bond in the sum OF
Thousand dollars each, conditioned that if
contract be awarded to him he will, when re-
quired by the Board, execute an agreement in
writing to perform the work according to the
specifications.
The successful bidder for each road will be
required in addition to the agreement aforesaid
to execute 80 thu said Board a bond in such
as they the said Board of Chosen Freeholders
may require and with such sureties as they may
approve conditioned for the faithful perform
ance u the contract
All bids must be presented to the comnittae
At the time and place aforesaid and at no other
time.
Bids will then be Immediately opened and
publicly read.
The Board reserves the right to reject any or
all bids. +. G. MILLER,
Director of Board of Chosen Freeholders.
Dated Dec. 9, 1901 1912
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09
HoPPERs FOR POULTRY.
How They Are Caught and Pressed
Into Bricks For Shipping.

How They Are Caught and Pressed
Into Bricks For Shipping.
Grasshoppers are being put to a new
use out in Nebraska. The farmers
have killed incredible numbers of them
by the help Of machine which is per-
haps the most effective ever devised
for the purpose. 1t Is called a "hop-
perdozer" and is nothing more or less
than a large fiat pan with o small
amount of kerosene contained in de-
preston In the rear part of it. The
continuance, being attached to horse,
is pushed along in front Of the ami
NAL as the latter Is driven across the
fields. Pretty nearly every grasshop-
per encountered jumps upon the pan
and is promptly suffocated by the kero-
sene.
This ingenious instrument has been
in use for a number of years in parts
of the west, but hitherto it has not oc-
Cured to the farmers to make any
use Of the dead grasshoppers. Most
commonly they were burned, though
some more enterprising agriculturists
turned a portion of them to account
as poultry feed. They found that the
hens liked them exceedingly, for 1t is
a fact that grasshopper is to hen
what a canvasback duck is to human
epicure-the very choicest and most
esteemed of delicacies.
Hence the idea which is now being
developed on a commercial scale. The
grasshoppers, after being killed by the
hopperdozer, are left in windows in
the fields, where they are soon dried.
When they have been exposed to the
sun for a sufficient time to reduce
them to properly desiccated condi-
ton, they are gathered up with rakes,
shoveled into carts and conveyed to
a shed, where they are put into a
press somewhat resembling an ordi-
nary cheese press and converted into
solid bricks.
The bricks are shipped in quantities
to poultry raisers, who find this new
kind of hen provender most satisfac-
tory, and they are anxious to get more
Of it. Apparently it is a great en-
courager Of egg production.
1t is not necessary to grind the bricks
before feeding the stuff to the chick
ems, but merely to break them into
pieces and soften with water.-Satur-
day Evening Post.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09

Good Dairy COWS arc Nsi1lAA'2e'
Never in our life have we met
farmer who was the owner of a good
COW but that the owner was loud in
the praise of the animal and proud
that he was her owner, says Dairy
Age. The farmer who owns good
cow knows that the COW is money
maker and knows that a herd of cows
as good would be profitable under
taking on any farm. But farmers are
slow to catch On to the fact that
good herd can he reared in a few
wears if the work is set about in the
proper manner. What a most delight
ed set of farmers the west would have
if each one would some morning wake
ND and find in his lot herd of COWS
as good mixers as the best one he
now owns. a herd of good mixers is
worthy of any mans admiration The
farmer who has perseverance and in
telligence enough to get together
good dairy herd has reason to be
proud of bis achievements.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09
SETTING FRUIT TREES.
Some Advantages of Fall Planting.
Growth During Winter.

Some Advantages of Fall Planting.
Growth During Winter.
We think there is no better time for
setting fruit trees than the fall, from
the time the leaves have fallen until
the ground freezes, says the Boston
CultiyatOr, though we do not know
that it is better than the early spring
if one can obtain from a nearby nurs-
cry trees fresh dug and does not allow
the roots to freeze or dry up before he
sets them. But when one sends for
them in the spring he may get trees
that were dug in the fall and have
been kept in cellar during the winter.
The roots may look fresh if the cellar
is damp enough, but they will have
lost something of their vitality and are
slow in starting growth of either roots
or tops.
We do not give plants credit enough
for growth made during the winter,
even when the ground is frozen. We
have heard some assert that a plant
cannot grow in frozen soil, but a little
observation will show that the rhu-
barb, asparagus, tulips and some other
of our early plants and bulbs are fore
ing their way upward before the soil
has thawed. The temperature of the
growing plant is higher than that of
the earth, and it thaws it's way out
ward, even as a hot iron thrust up
ward might do.
In setting new orchards do not be
too much influenced by the descrip-
tons in the catalogue or by recon-
mendations in the newspapers. Even
if honestly given they may be mislead-
ing. The winter apples that are the
best for New England and New York,
the Baldwin, Greening, Snow, Spy and
others, are Of but little value in south
ern or even in central Pennsylvania or
south of that line. They either become
a fall apple or fall prematurely or
perhaps fail to grow at all. Set such
varieties as are known to do well in
the vicinity upon similar soil. Give
preference to trees not more than two
years from bud or graft and then give
them good care, not trying to force too
much growth, but keeping them
healthy and thrifty.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09

position and held by wooden buttons
firmly bolted on to the frame. The
cost of the fumigator, 10 by 6 by 6
feet, will vary from $13 to $18, depend
ing upon the quality of the sheeting
used and whether wire netting is used.
Such a fumigator may be carried and
operated by two men.
For operating the apparatus bag
Of cyanide OF potash is placed over the
dish of acid. and a string tied to the
bag is extended through small hole
in one of tile strips of the frame. The
string may then be gently pulled from
the outside, when the cyanide will fall
into the acid. after which the hole is
closed with a wooden Mug.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09
Planting the Apple.

This question is governed somewhat
by ATTITUDES. In southern ATTITUDES
late fall or the early part of the winter
may be safe for planting, but in most
of the states early spring is considered
the better time. Fall planting has the
objection against it that the roots Of
sufficiently to supply enough moisture
to maintain a healthy active circula-
ton of the sap which is required to
prevent shriyeling of the branches dur
ing winters extreme cold and ex-
haustive evaporation from drying
winds.--G. B. Bracket
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09
Feeding In Noting Time.

During Noting fowls need stimulat-
ing food and old process linseed meal.
meat meal and fresh ground bone are
valuable and can hardly be fed to ex-
cess. Meat helps the mott greatly,
and little piece each day works won
ders. 1t is well to remember that
Noting can be FASTENED by keeping
the fowls in warm place and CORE
spondingly retarded by keeping them
in cool place. Thus fowl which ID
desired for exhibition at a fall fair
which comes at about the time the bird
would mott may be kept in condition
by confinement in a very light cellar
or other cool place.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09
TABLE ETIoUET TIE.
Gow to Eat According TO the Rule
of Good BREEDING.

Gow to Eat According TO the Rules
of Good Breeding.
Do not leave your spoon IN your tea
cup. Crack the top of your egg in
stead of peeling it.
If you have bacon or fish, have sep
arate plate for your bread or toast and
butter, but not when only having boiled
eggs, which require very careful eating,
by the bye, as nothing looks so nasty
as yolk of egg spilled all over the plate
and egg cup.
Do not sip your tea or coffee with a
spoon.
Do not drain the cup.
For fish do not use a dessert knife
instead of the fish knife. If there be
no fish knife, use small crust Of your
bread, but leave that piece Of crust on
your plate. Do not eat it afterward,
as SO many people do.
Do not be dainty and fringe your
plate with bits Of meat. Eat what you
can and put any skin or bone on the
edge of your plate in one little heap,
which move down from the edge when
you have finished.
Do not crumple up your table napkin.
If you are only guest for the day, do
not fold it up, but if you are staying on
and in a quiet household fold it Up. If
you are staying in big house where
everything is done zen grand prince"
do not fold it up. Just place it on the
table when you leave, as in rich estab-
lishments there are clean table napkins
every day.
After eating it is well before you
drink to wipe your lips, otherwise you
leave smeary mark on the glass.
Do not gulp liquids and bolt food.
Do not masticate or swallow audibly.
Do not pile your plate with food or
grasp your knife, fork or spoon as If 1t
were weapon of warfare.
Do not crumble the bread by your
side or drain your glass to the last
drop.
On the other hand, do not be affected
and eat as if an appetite were crime,
drink as if you were dicky bird and
hold your knife, fork and spoon as If
they were redhot needles.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09

D. A. Mount in Rural New Yorker
says he thinks corn part of the time
is good grain for fowls, even if they
do get little fat on it. He further
says: "An excellent feed for Light
Brahmas part of the time is wheat in
the straw; they will hustle around to
get the grain and lay right along
Another breed l find takes ON fat read
lily is the Plymouth Rock, while White
Wyandottes will keep in good condition
and shell out eggs with feed of lots
of corn. The Leghorns and Minorcas,
with unlimited range. could be fed al
most wholly on corn and would do well
and lay nearly all the time''
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09

If you are wise in your day and gen
Grafton, you will not attempt to force
the hens for egg production at this
season of the year. Instead it is a
good idea to give them rather short ra-
tons for week or SO and then supply
In the mash all the linseed meal they
will stand without detriment to health.
This will assist in getting the hens
over the mott promptly, and you will
then have them in the best possible
condition for the late fall and early
winter egg campaign. Treat M. Wright
In Poultry Monthly.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09

PUBLIC LEDGER
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Pay
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tor and Publ sher
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09
A Nongo1fer.s Opinion of Golf.

Imagine a great fat creature who
ought to wear turban and long
black robe to hide his grossness whack-
ing a little white ball for miles and
miles with perfect surgery Of instru-
ments, whacking it either with a baby
ish solemnity or childish rage, as
luck may have decided, and inciden-
tally training an innocent eyed little
boy to swear and be a tip hunting
loafer. That's golf.-H. T. W. Wells
in Parsons Magazine.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09
Holly peciduous and Evergreen.

In the far northern states and Can
ada, where the evergreen holly is not
indigenous. the deciduous holly offers
excellent opportunities for decorative
purposes, not necessarily in connec
ton with the real evergreen leaves
but in other combinations, which the
artistic eye can always devise. If de-
sired, the evergreen branches might
easily be obtained from farther south,
while the natural berries would not so
readily stand shipping-Meehan's.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09
HOW LATE SHOULD HE srAYs

We are asked by a young man. a
farmer, how late it is proper for him
to stay when he goes to see his best
girl. We do not like to tackle this sort
of problem, for cases differ so much.
1t all depends upon circumstances. If
our friends case is in the preliminary
stage and he is simply accommodating.
he should leave before the old folks go
to bed, unless they are of the o'clock
breed, but if he is goner time doesn't
count, and it's all right for him to hear
the midnight whistle of the fast mail
as he goes home. OF course he should
be as economical of fuel and lights
during these protracted sessions as
possible, and he probably will be with
out this suggestion
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09
The Turkey C-op.

The crop of turkeys. it is estimated
will be fully Is per cent short of last
year, or about So per cent of a full
crop. Last year was considered about
a full crop. The crop is about the
same as during the year 1899, posi-
bly, a little larger. Reports in nearly
all instances claim the turkeys are
much poorer than usual this year, and
the scarcity of feed, it is argued, will
bring in large quantity of turkeys
Of poorer quality than last year.
Christmas turkeys are likely to bring
good prices.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1902-01-09
SANITARY MILK PAIL.
Constructed So as to Exclude All
Foreign Subs+aucos

Constructed So rs to Exclude All
Foreign Substances.
For strictly sanitary purposes the
Ideal milk pail can hardly be ex-
eelled, says II. NJ. Banner in Kansas
Farmer. The pail is composed Of two
parts, the pail and the cover. The
cover fits closely to the pail and is so
constructed that all foreign substances
will settle in q cup below, and the
milk proper will pass upward through
the strainers and will flow over into
the pail in an almost pure condition,
nothing being allowed to enter the
milk.
When the pail is full, it is emptied
through a spout and the cover does