Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1902-05-12
IMPORTANT INSECTICIDES.

At lis perfod OF the year farmers gen
orally have 70 contend with number OF
different kinds OF insects which are busi-
II engaged feeding on. and in some cases
destroying. the vegetation attacked. Gard
en- vegetables especially suffer fearfuly
from the attacks OF these small sucking
and biting insects.
IN some instances cases are reported
where the entire patches OF beans. pota-
toes or cabbage are being rapidly and
r1thlesslv DESTROYED, the simple home rem
edies when applied being ineffective 10
check the trouble There are Two oisunct
kinds OF harmful insects which annually
prey upon our garden vegetables 20
greater or lesser extent.
These are. first the hard-bodied biting
insects which come under one group. ano
then the soft bodied insects which be-
rlonE 20 the other. Each group. involves
a special and distinct system OF treat
ment.
The biting or gnawing insects are those
that chew up and swallow portions OF the
solid substances OF the plant life. such
IS the leaves. wood. bark. flowers OF
fruit For such insects the arsenical pois-
ons have TO be used TO check their raw
awes. either BY busting the dry poison
mixed with -four on the leaves Of the
plants OF BY making the water solution
and applying with spray pump. the only
plants on which IL Is not safe 70 use the
mr8entcalS are those Wntcn are 70 Dc SMUT
" used on the table and eaten
The sucking or small, soft-bodied IN
sscts. which come under the head OF the
other group. are those which inJu-e the
plants ny the gradual extraction OF the
juices, either from the bark. leaves or
fruit and include plant lice. scale In
sects and plant-feeding mites In the
treatment OF those Insects the application
OF an insectfcide must be used that viii
act externally on the bodies OF the insects.
either as a caustic or 10 smother them by
closing their breathing pores Arsenicals
are therefore not specially needed In the
treatment OF insects which come under
the second group. The varieties which
constitute the two groups can be easily
distinguished BY careful inspection. and
the remedies which are advised In this
article can be employed 10 meet the trOu-
biss as they appear II prompt and ef-
fective measures are taAen the ravages
Of these insects can be immediately>check-
ed.
FOR External Biting Insects.
The arsenicaI compounds have been
generally adopted 20 take the place OF all
other substances for the treatment OF
ulants affected BY bugs coming under this
group. Paris green and London purple
are the most commonly used poisOns. and
can readily be obtained at any drugstore
Powdered white arsenic Is not recommen-
ded on account OF It's liability TO scald the
foliage OF the plants and probably do
more immediate damage than the insects
which the poison Is intended to destroy.
Paris green Is about the best and most
effective poison 20 use and less apt. II
applied as directed, TO damage the foliage
OF the plants
There are three different methods OF
applying these pOisOns. namely: The dry
method. the vet method. and as poisoned
bait. The dry method Is the application
OF the poison in the form OF a fine powder.
the wet method Is using the poisons In
solution and applying as a spray. and the
third method consists IN using the arse
meals either dry or wet as a poisoned bait
10 destroy such ground insects as cut
worms. wire worms and locusts. In this
article the use OF these insecticides will
Be confined entirely to the treatment OF
garden vegetables and Is not intended for
use In field crops or on fruit trees.
Recipes for Different Methods.
IN the use OF Paris green for the dry
method. mix one ounce OF the poison 70
ten ounces OF -four or lime. and dust the
mixture over the foliage OF such plants
Is beans. squash. potatoes and other veg
etables OF like character where the foli-
age Is not 70 be used for food. In cases
Of cabbage or salad which are soon to be
eaten, mix one ounce Of the poison 70 10
pounds Of -four or lime. In either case the
line Is always TO be preferred to -four.
Place the mixture in a small tin box. hav-
ing a perforated top and dust lightly the
foliage OF the plants. repeating the pro-
cess weekly. IL required
Apply the dust either early in the morn
ing or late IN the afternoon. while the
dew Is on, TO cause the poison 10 adhere
70 the plants. A small hand bellows Is the
best device which can be used. and should
be employed whenever any considerable
quantity OF vegetables are TO be busted
over. The poison should be used at the
Of ha nd
postponed until the vitality Of the plants
has been largely sapped away by the vo-
racsous appetites Of the insects. In using
the wet method. which Is preferable TO the
} dry method. though little more trouble
= some, mix one ounce OF the poison TO 10
gallons OF water. In the case Of the Colo
rado potato beetle. which Is so destructive
70 the plants OF the Irish potato mix one
ounce OF the poison with only gallons OF
water. The poison should be made up first
into a thin paste IN a small quantity Of
water and powdered quicklime added in
an amount equal 20 the poison used 70
take I'D the free arsenic. and thereby less
en- the danger Of scalding. This mixture
should then be carefully strained into the
tub OF barrel holding the necessary
amount OF water. This solution. after
thorough stirring or churning. should be
applied 20 the vegetables requiring treat
ment with good spray pump. and the
epray forced under the leaves OF the
plants as well as on top Of them. In this
way the poison reaches all parts OF the
foliage and the destructive insects reach
ed and destroyed
AS q poisoned bait for cutworms and
= other insects Of that character. take one
sunce Of powdered white arsenic one
ounce OF sugar and six ounces Of bran,
adding enough water 10 the mixture 10
make a wet mash. Dip small punches OF
freshly cut clover or any kind Of succu-
lent vegetation into the mash. and then
place small quantities OF II about the
base OF the plants where the cutwOrms
are at work A small quantity Of the bran
mixture alone Is good: but in either event
the halt should te covered with a small
board. 50 as 20 keep Il damp as long as
possible. Renew the bait every three or
four DAYS. as Il becomes dry and useless
Bear in mind always that these arsenicals
are powerful poisons. and care should be
exercised in handling them. so as 20 pre-
vent animals from drinking the water
mixture. or leaving the dry mixture about
- So II 81 Hawn N