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The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29
HUBBARD's COTTON LETTER.
What is Said of the Status of the
Cotton Market and Crop.

New York, Oct. e7.-The market has
relapsed into quietness, the good
weather ofsetting the light receipts.
While colder weather is indicated for
Oklahoma and Arkansas no frost is
likely unless in exposed places. Here
the strength of the January position
continues to be the feature as while
cotton is pointing here the cotton trade
are not at all sure that there can be
enough to supply the engagements
which have been made. Rumors OF
financial arrangements to carry on the
deal are current everywhere on the
basis of January against March. Out
side of this position speculation is
very limited. Crop reports show an
improvement and frost seems unlikely
before the first of November if not
later. The market closed without
change in any feature. January was
steady and the spring months easier.
The spot market was dull and IN
changed. Hubbard Bros. & Go.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29
ILLITERAGY IN The SOUTH.
While Children of Foreigners
Lead in knowledge.

Washington, Oct. 26.-The census
Office has issued statement giving a
compilation of figures regarding IL
literacy among children of immigrants
and children of natives. The state
ment says:
Confning the comparion of children
between the ages of 10 and "a years in
the United States as a whole 95.6 per
cent of the native white children of
native parents and 99.1 per cent. of
the native white children Of foreign
born parents are able to read and
write. This surprising difference in
favor of the children of the foreign born
population is due largely to the fact
that the children Of the foreign born
immigrants live mainly in the north
ern and western States, where the
public school systems have already
reached a high degree of efficiency,
while great numbers Of native white
children of native parents live in
southern States, and in that region
about 10 per cent. Of such children are
illiterate. When the comparison is car
ried out by geographic divisions the
difference between the two classes in
each part Of the United States, except
! the south Atlantic States, is found to
| be much less than in the whole coun-
try. Yet these figures indicate that in
every region except the north Atlantic
States the literate children of i'm
migrant whites are large per cent. OF
the whole number of such children
than the literate children of natives
whites are of all children of native
| whites.
This is partlSexplained by the cluster
ing of immigrants and their children
mainly in the cities and towns, while
the native white children Of native
parents live more generally in the
rural districts.
Thus in the north Atlantic division
there are 996, S5l native white chill
dren, 10 to IA years of age, and born
of white parents of whom 81 per cent.
live in cities having at least 25, 00C
inhabitants. On the other hand,
among the 713, ITO native white.children
10 to IA years of age and born OF
| foreign born parents who live in the
same group of States, 81 per cent. live
in similar cities There is no reason
to infer from the census figures that
the children of illiterate immigrants
are constituting permanent illiterate
class in the population.
It will be noticed, however, that the
foregoing figures relate exclusively tc
immigrants who have been in the
country long enough for their children
born here to have reached the age OF
10 years. Whether among the children
of immigrants who have arrived since
1890 there is the same eagecness tc
acquire at least an elementary educa-
tion, it is still too early to determine
from census figures.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29
FAMINE THREATENED.
Poor Crops, Locusts and High
Freights in Philippines.

Manila, Oct. 26.-Is is believed here
that President Roosevelt's order per-
hitting foreign vessels to engage IN
eoastWise trade through the Philip
Dine islands will relieve Immediately
the inter-insuIar freight situation
as we'll as improve the supply and les
sen the cost Of rice, in which article q
fanine is threatened. The civil COM
mission intends to act at once on the
presidents order, hoping thereby to
avert suffering among the poorer
Filipinos. It is expected thai num-
her Of Brstish, German, japanese
and Chinese vessels viii engage in the
inter-island trade. Existing freight
rates from Manila to some ports in the
archipelago exceed the rates from
San Francisco to Manila.
Agriculture in the islands, already
;mpaired on account of the war,
rinderpest and the cholera, has been
further Injured by locusts. These IN
sects have appeared in many places
and are working serious injury to. the
crops. The advent Of locusts, together
with the fall in the price OF silver,
renders the business and industrial
prospect in the Philippines gloomy.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29
DO NOT 4lHT SILVER.
Plus Fund Claimants Dissatisfied
With Award.

Washington, Oct. M.-some OF the
parties In interest of the Plus aEbitra-
ton are not satisfied with the amount
Of the reward in their favor and have
appealed to the State Department to
sendeayor to induce The Hague tribu-
nal to- reopen the case and amend the
decisions SO as to make the Judgment
PAYABLE in gold. The original finding
was In favor of the claimants for a
lump sum of 81, ,42o, 6s2 and an annual
payment Of s43, go, payable IN Mexi-
can currency. This currency Just
now is Quoted at about 50 cents On
the dollar as compared to American
gold-at least that is about the current
Fate In the Philippines that to
change the judgment as requested
would involve an enormous increase
in the total Of the Judgment.
a After looking into the treaty by
which the arbitration was arranged,
Secretary Hay has found that it was
expressly stipulated that the tribunal
should tx not only the amount but
the kind of currency in which the
award should be paid, and he has con-
seouently, informed the claimants
that he can not grant their ree1est.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29
Young Will Succeed Miles.

Washington, Oct. q. do not
think that I am betraying any coz
adence when say that Maj. Gen: s.
M. 3. Young will be the next lieu
tenant general of the army" " said MAJ.
Gen. Corbin TODAY. Then ne ADDED,
4and his promotion viii be enjoyed by
NO one more than myself. !"
Lieut.. Gen. Miles will retire foe age
next August, and this declaration by
GEN. Corbin was inspired by some
conn comment to the effect that the appear
ance of Gen. Corbin's name in the
monthly army list next after that Of
Gen. Miles pointed out the probable 5as
tbat the order of the names in the list
was fixed by the seniority of the COM
missions of the officers. Gen. Young
would have about year to serve IN
that grade If he is made lieutenant
general.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29
Atlantic Coast Line Appointments

e Raleigh, N. c., Oct. 2s.-A News
and Observer special frona Whining
ton. n. c., says: Effective November
i, General Manager Kenly OF the
Atlantic Coast Line announces the fol-
lowing appointments:
E. Borden, superintendent of trans
portation, Jurisdiction over both di-.
visions: E. B. Peasants, chief
engineer, now engineer of roadway
T. S. Tutwiler of Savannah, assistant
chief engineer; J. P. Russell, insur-
ance agent, jurisdiction over both d.
visions; F. D. Cudlipp, formerly with
the Western Union at Richmond,
superintendent of telegraph over en-
tire system.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29
Fighting in Colombia.

Colon, Colombia, October 27.-The
revolutionary force, under Gen. Tribe
Tribe and Gen. Castillo, which at
tackled La Cienga October 4, consist
ed of 300 men and four pieces of artil-
lery. The losses of the revolutionists
are reported to have been heavy.
According to news received at Carta
gena yesterday Government forces were
attacking Gems Uribe-Uribe and Cas-
tillo, who were holding position at
the River Frio, near Santa Marta.
Gen. Marjarres has proceeded with
all speed from La Cienaga to the rebel
position on the River Frio. His com
mand consists of 1000 men. He is be
lieved to have engaged the enemy, and
it is reported in Cartagena that the
fight was most sanguinary and that
there were very heavy casualties on
both sides. Details of the engagement
are lacking.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29
Cinnamon Struggled Into U. S.

Ell Paso, Tex, Oct. 27.-What ap-
pears to be gigantic smuggling con-
spiracy for conveying contraband
Cinnamon from Mexico to California
has Just come to light here. Eor the
past six months a half dozen United
States marshals and secret service
men have been working on the case,
but the facts only became public to-
day.
1t seems that the Cinnamon have
been slowed away in box cars of out
going freight trains and carried as far
west as the California line. For this
service the Chinese agent is said to
have paid 500 for each man smuggled
to Tucson and $50 for each one carried
to Yuma.
The afternoon papers here published
reports that certain trainmen had been
discharged for participation in the
conspiracy, but this report has not
been verified nor have there been any
arrests.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29

With such ideal weather the Sumter
Military Academy boys state that they
can play the game of their lives. So
be sure to come out and see them bat
tie on the gridiron on Friday after
noon with the boys from the College
of Charleston. The Charleston boys
play the K. M. NJ. A. cadets today
in Columbia, rest on Thursday, and
come here Friday fresh to take the
scalp of the S. NJ. A. Our local
military boys say that they are in fine
form and will certainly be in the game
Friday. Sumter will suffer from one
disadvantage, one of Eer fastest half
backs is sick and substitute Will
have to be put in. This will necessari-
ly weaken the team but Sumter is
noted for her gameness and the game
cock boys will do their best. The
manager promises to give Sumter some
fine football this fall: at least four
games are to be played here, but un-
less the citizens turn out and support.
the team, the Athletic Association
will loose big money on the season.
The trip TO N. c., put the boys about
SIS in debt. Let every one come out
to see the game and help the boys to
pay off their Indebtedness. The game
will be called promptly at 8. 80 o'clock.
Only the sum of % cents will be
charged to see the game The line up
of the teams and the officials for the
game will be published in tomorrow
paper.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29
A Complicated Problem.

The dispatch from Georgetown in
our issue of yesterday shows that we
have labor problem of our own IN
South Carolina.
The stevedore of the Atlantic Coast
Lumber Company has resigned because
he can not control or depend upon the
negroes he has had employed to load
the ships, an effort to supplant them
with Italians having been unsuccess-
full. The condition of the low coun-
try negroes, especially, those who have
come to the towns from the rice fields,
is seriously deplorable. As the dis
enough e1oGe to- to buy something to eat and a
bottle of whiskey and then they will
quit until the whiskey gives out. !"
That is their way. In the conduct
of a large enterprise, such as the
Atlantic Coast Lumber Company, on
reliance can be placed upon these
lazy, improvident negroes. Enough
to eat is easy to get along the coast
and with little to drink they are
satisfied. The value Of continued
labor is unknown to them; they
simply do not care. And yet the ne
groes are the only laborers to be had
in that section. It seems that the
stevedore of the Atlantic Coast Lum-
ber Company has endeavored to import
Italians from New York and failed.
The problem here presented is a
most grave one What is to become
of the negro if he fails to learn the
importance of labor? AS the south
grows, industries wherein he could be
utilized become more numerous and
yet the negro does not measure up to
his opportunities. Already he is re-
stricted almost entirley to agricultural
labor as livelihood, and even there
he deos not give satisfaction. The
negro prefers town life to the country
and cannot be depended upon as a
cropper or tenant. He is lazy, shift
less and dissipated wherever you find
him, whether idle or at work.
That kind of labor is costly labor.
Can the south, rapidly advancing
agriculturally and industrially, afford
to put up with it? Before Booker
Washington's scheme of industrial
education can have its full influence,
the south will have found it necessary
to secure more reliable and less cost
ly labor. And it is extremely doubt
full whether negroes educated at Tuske-
gee or elsewhere could be induced to
take the job of loading lumber-they
are usually above that sort of thing.
Yet it is in this common work that
the salvation of the race lies.
The labor problem is the race prob
lem of the future in the south. When
we consider that this complication is
imminent our expectations as to the
outcome of the race issue are apt to
be more pessimistic than ever. What
is to become of the negro if he will
not conform to the conditions by which
he is surroundede-The State.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29
Our Treaty With Cuba.

Habana, Oct. Pit has been learn
ed from official sources that the pro-
posed treaty between the United States
and Cuba was returned TO Washington
by mail last Saturday. With the
treaty was sent a counter proposition
from the government of Cuba to that
of the United States, the nature of
which is not known, but it is under
stood that President Palma in let
ter sent with the treaty says that the
acceptance of propositions made by the
United States would be ruinous to
Cuba, as it would result in large re-
duction of the customs revenue of the
island.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29
The santee and the Cooper.

Columbia, October 27.-Mr. A. ".
Leland, of McClellanville, was in the
city today upon an important mission.
He came here to consult important
records, charts, maps and surveys that
have been gotten out in connection
with the canal propositions and survey
ordered from time to time by the
State Government. Mr.. Leland is re-
presenting the Commercial Club, Of
Charleston, which has very wisely
taken up the matter of water connec-
tion between Charleston and Col
umbia. At present it is contemplated
to run a line of steamers between
Columbia and Georgetown, and Mr.
Leland's mission was to Investigate
the practicability of direct water
communication between Columbia and
Charleston when the steamboat line is
put on. Columbia has already made
arrangements for that.
He found a great many interesting
charts and surveys running back as
far as 1921 and he found several reports
made in 1921, 1925 and 1927 in connec-
tion with the physical connection OF
the Santee and Cooper rivers, by
which it will be sought to connect
Columbia and Charleston by direct
navigable water route. The State
Government, as will be remembered,
has already expended considerable
money in this proposed connection by
means of the Santee Canal, which was
Eever finished.
Mr.. Leland is of the opinion, after
survey of the maps, that the work Of
making the connection can be restrict
ed to twelve miles, and he thinks from
the reports it will not take as much
excavating as was generally thought.
! He found report in 1927, where the
waters OF the two rivers came togeth-
er as a result of fresbet, and to his
mind this indicates that there is not
such a great difference between the
levels of the two rivers. and that a
dredge which could be taken up the
Santee River could do considerable
work at nominal cost. The whole
matter will be reported to the club at
an early date and the proposition is
| worthy of careful consideration,
especially at this juncture. The
proposition is to have a steamboat line
connecting Columbia with both
GEORGETOWN and Charleston.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29

same to the widow, but where the ap-
proved pensioner is a widow, there is
no one to whom this board can au-
thorize the clerk of court to pay the
same. In some instances it is claimed
by the children; in other instances by
the parties who wish the same to pay
burial expenses, for medicine and other
supplies. The board has acted under
instructions from the attorney general s
Office, and have declined to instruct
the clerks of court to pay this money
out other than as above stated.
I believe that South Carolina has a
pension law that viii compare favor
ably with that of any other State.
The law is pactically new and untried,
and time and experience is the only
test by which it can be properly
judged. If, in your wisdom and judg-
ment, you decide that changes and
amendments are actually necessary,
ask that you do not entail on the Con-
federate soldiers and widows the bur-
den of making new applications, where
they are now on the pension roll. We
have today on the roll names of a
good many who applied in 1888, 1895
and 1900, and in the last instance they
found it very difficult to make the
necessary poof; in fact, parties here
tofore on the pension roll who at that
time could make proof, are todayunable
to secure witnesses as required by the
law and rules of the State board.
I wish to call your attention to the
fact that the appropriation of S120 fol
stationery and stamps is totally in
sufficient. An examination of any of The
reports for the last eight or ten years
will show that this expenditure has
amounted to from three to five hun
dred dollars. OF course under that
provision of the law which allows the
State board to draw on the pension
fund for any necessary expenses in dis
bursing the same situation has been
relieved which otherwise would STOP
this work entirely.
Since the last meeting of the State
pension board, we have sustained 3
loss in the death Of Capt. G. 81. Nc
Master, one of our members, who was
both painstaking and capable in his
work, and while he gave careful scru-
tiny to all matters that came before
him, he was liberal in dealing with
his comrades Or their widows Of the
Lost Canse
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29
Doctors Couldn't Save Her.

New York, Oct. 25.-An autopsy
over the body of Mrs. Annie Kingsley,
who was the subject of an operation
at Bellevue hospital when the surgeons
placed six stitches in her heart, show
that the wound had healed perfectly
and that her death several days later
was due to septic poisoning caused by
the unclean knife blade with which
she was stabbed, it is charged, log her
husband. The doctors found that
the cavity of the LETT yentricle, which
was pierced, was absolutely tight
that is, the walls had united as re-
suit of the operation. Without it she
would have bled to death in very
short time. The poisonous blade
caused inflammation of the muscles and
arteries of the heart.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29
The Sultan of BacoIod.

Manila, October 27.-It is expected
that the expedition against the Sultan
of Bacolod will leave Camp Vickars,
Mindanao, about November5. 1t will
consist of detachments of artillery, in
fantry, cavalry, engineers and friendly
natives.
A report is current that the Sultan
of Caraca, whose stronghold is to the
north of Lake Lalao, is preparing to
resist the Americans. He is strength
ening his forts.
Hostile Moros are again blocking
the trail to the Maciu forts, which
were recently destroyed by Capt.
Pershing, of the 9TH cavalry. This
condition is not serious, as the hostiles
can be dispersed easily.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29
G. Walt Whitman Dies Suddenly.

Special to The State.
Union, Oct. 27.-G. Walt Whitman
is dead. He passed away on last night
after an illness of only three days.
His demise was totally unexpected,
because but few knew of his sickness.
He is the man who for several years
past has sought gubernatoria1 honors
in this State. He was appointed to
fill out the unexpired term of mem
Der of the legislature several years ago,
this being the only Office he ever held.
He was once a minister and was we'll
to-do, but spent his means in politics.
He has resided here for the last four
years and ran small store on Main
street near the court house.
The funeral services will probably
be held this evening.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29
PENSION FUNDS IN HANDS OF
CLERKS OF COURT.

At this time there are remaining in
the hands Of some of the clerks of
court in the State balances of pension
funds. This arises from the fact
that after the applications are passed
on by the county boards and sent to
the State board, and even after the
lists are made up and the money sent
to the clerks of court, approved ap-
plicants for pensions die. Where the
deceased pensioner leaves a widow
who is over 60 years of age, the State
board authorizes the payment Of the
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29

No surprise is felt in New Orleans
that charges have been made that
Capt. Smith, a British army officer,
swindled his Government in connec-
tion with the purchase of mules in
this country. He lived most expen-
sively in New Orleas and is said to
have made as much as SO per head
ON the purchase of thousands of
animals. 1t is firmly believed in the
Southern city that the captain clean
ed up" at least $500, 900 in this way.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29

Habana, Oct. 24.-Dr. Finlay, chief
of the sanitation department, coment-
ing upon the health conditions OF
Habana during the month of Septem-
Der, says the death rate here was then
1876 per thousand With the end Of
September full year was completed
since a case of yellow fever originated
in this city. This is an event which
stands unparalleled in the memory OF
the Oldest physician here
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29

An Ohio coal operator who knows
John Mitchell well saystae mine own
ers of Pennsylvania and West Virginia
offered the strike leader what would
represent his salary for fifty years II
he would prove false to the trust re-
nosed in him by the miners, but he
refused it, although ne could not feed
his little family six months if his
present salary were stopped.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29

Mrs. Carrie Nation will be in Co.
lumb Thursday.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1902-10-29

Spot cotton sold sors cents Saturday.