The Hawaiian gazette., 1902-04-15

IHfuf.t IN l.HN f'.N fUiaI l.NHHIH 10 iN.
t1nfImtrt af.tI.HH Urs Ufi0tHN w
uN.rh kiiHtW n uUa u..ItI1 ifuin th.
Nauuna. rUttfum,Ut. tlil.f H fr.m ~.
Slate ro,trnm,nta o. nstH ffum faI.H
uf farm rrudurts tlt109 ns indlvId Hll
donations. nud ths remaining iiln st' %
from ft,s faf analysis uf fsrtiilzorr and
other miscellaneous sources
Th, stations ,mpIUs c3 parsons in the
work OF administration and inquiry.
Farming is the ch.f occupation ~ The
American p,rplt. We nll know the re-
markablc devdopment which has taken
place iu ,N,ry lime Of agriculture Ia th"
I Uut,d states during the past twenty
D I'VE years. There has been Improvement
in quality. variety and yield of crops
aud al the same time a general chcapon-
Ing Of cost Of production an along the
line. with the Improvement IN methods
Of transportation on land and sea the
world is growing narrower and com
petition closer.
4 I,noration ago markets were local
and agricultural regions were inda2end-
'nt II one another. Now the surplus Or
one locality goes to cqualzc the shortage
Of another perhaps half way around the
globe. Instead Of Independence there Is
now intordo pcndonce. Farming had de
velopcd from an occupation which was
the last resort Of the man who could
make a living at nothing else. to a bust
ness n science. The successful farmer ~
today must understand his business He
must be a business man. lie must pro-
duco the best marketable product at the
least cost The agricultural experiment
stations have been established aud Cn-
dow,d 10y the National government for
the purpose of assisting farmers TO at
tain success IN their business
/ need not say that a successful and
prosp, 'ous farming community b. tho
bac' bone OF the country. That does not
admit Of argument
quote from an address delivered by
President Mills Of the Guelph Agricul-
tural College delivered before the Asso-
citation Of Farmers Institute Workers At
the Buffalo Exposition: In brains and
morals farmers surpass all other classes;
they are the most braIny and most mo- ~
people in the country. They are also the
most economical. Where 30 your lead
ors I'm professional. industrial and COM
mCrciPl lifc come from? Is IL not gen
orally from the farms Of the country
hgair. "rhc requisites Of production are
land, 'abor and capital Wherever we
NAV live, our natural resources ~ soil.
climate. etc. are q fixed quantity. We
cannot change them. BY applying labor
to land we produce wealth. or what is
, thus produced. we save some for use In
further production, and what In saved
we call capital Hence, the amount 81
lcapital clearly depends upon the abiity
TO produce and the disposition TO save.
~ other words II depends on the indus
trial qualities Of the laborers. so tho
problem ~ production resolves itself into
the problem of how to improve the in
dustrial qualities Of the people-how 10
{ make them more industrious, skiilful,
, progro ossiye, sober and thrifty" The
: problem Of an experiment station is q
-. - II.
There are not as many farmers as there
should be In Hawaii The land and tn,
b water have been to a considerable extent
tied UP in large estates or under Ions
h periods OF lease. This has been because
@ OF the exigcncics Of the single great agii /
a cultural industry. But / believe thai
:. there s land enough and water enough
: TO support a large and successful popula
y tlon Of farmers. and that the develop
" mont OF such agricultural communities
u as this one that you are founding IL no
70 OF necessity lnimical TO that other gr.a
q indusu " Hawaii would be more pros
r porols today II there were on every Isl
r and q hundred such centers as Wahiawa
s The prosperity OF every country de
=. ponds on the prosperity Of its laborini
Z, class and the best, most prosperous ans
most stable class OF laborers are thos'
=, who own their own homes. II II is no
= possible to dcyelop such class I'm con
II ncctiOn with the sugar plantations, an'
s. that = matter which time alone car
u de- nonstrPte, every effort must be pu
n forth TO develop other agricultural in
l. duhtr.'s so that this fair land shall no
IL r.sc or fall by sugar alone. We OF tn
g. cxpel 'ment station cannot do these thing
,s political y however much we may believ
In their accomplishment But we can d.
:, much to bring about an increase In tn
y number OF farmers and farming commu
!, nit,er in Hrwaii by helping you who ar
u cngFged In farming to make your bust
n ness a success. II you are successful
J, other men. other Americans, will want I
II come here and found homes.
e TO help you we must know your prob
js lens. The means at our disposal for thi
work are limited, and we can only TAX
up few problems each year. As tn
work grows. and the stan OF worker
increases we can attempt more and mor'
, The rmount TO be done IL stupendou
The experiment station wants to help th
-, farmer but the farmer must help III
~ station. You must let us know what you
H. trials and difficulties are and how "
le can help you. The first step In advanc
III In this or any other line Of work In whe
n. the individual asks for help and advic
ri The lines of experiment which naturall
n suggest themselves are many:
m /. The introduction OF paying CONNIE
40 cial crops.
-, q The study OF injurious insects vii
" view to combating them.
>" 3. The study Of the diseases and en-
OF mics OF stock-horses. cattle, shee
or goats, pigs and chickens
Ill 4. Investigation Of the fungus diseas
IA. OF plants.
e. 8, Methods OF cultivation, season
IA planting. fertilizers and methods OF .
ca plying them,
"a g. The use Of water In irrigation.
~ T. Dairying and the feeding Of catt
S Q Improvement OF pastures and range
w. determination of the mongoose Al
pe other animal pests
ms TO- The improvement OF existing va
eties OF cultivated plants and anma
II. The best methods OF marketi
crops, and II necessary. the creation OF
market.
~ The improvement OF homes and I
IN identifying OF country school houses a
sh roads, in a word to help TO brighten a
nm broaden the outlook OF the farmers, tn