davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1902-03-04
Two ls|sns Of The Antilles.
A Comparison Between Jamaica
And Cuba BY An Accomplished
Political Critic. Their Resem-
blances And Dissimilarities In
Natural Features Apd h Popula
ton And Social Character.

Il is only ninety miles frcm Cuba 10 ia.
maica, and the smal er 'slaud resembles the
larger in 80 many natural features that the
visitor expects to fed their population and
Il cir social character allowing for the dlf.
ierences between Engilsl and Spanish rule
generally similar. TIE eastern end OF Cuba
ID mountainous, and the mountains OF ia
maica, which ma, be seen from Cuba IN OK
ceptionally clear weather, are OF nearly the
same height and covered by equally rich
and beautiful forests. The climates are
much the same, though that OF Jamaica
may be tr.fls hotter. The staple products
are the same Bo-h have relied upon the
sugar cane, aud in less degree upon TO-
bscco and coffee, though the Cuban cigars
have secured higher place in the worlds
favor than those of Jamaica. Both produce
eycslient oranges aud bananas. Bolh are
naturally healthy countries, and may ex-
pect, now that science has shown itself GER
tsiniy allie to reduce, and probably able to
rxtirpate, yellow fever, to become favorIte
health resorts in winter, to which visitors
will lw in increasing numbers from North
Amer ca and perhaps even from Europe.
Disparities In Area and Inhabitants.
Nevertheless, there are nerences enough
to make each seem new and strange after
the other, and TO give an interest to an eIa
mipatiOn of the cs uses of the differences
To begin with, Jamaica is by far the more
denseiy peopltd. Uuhs, with an area o.
Sc 600 square miles, has only 1 $40, coo
people. Jamaica, with 0e0 square miles,
has nearly 7OO, ,OOO-:hat is to say, it is only
about one ninth of Cuba in size, with moi
much less than one.hslf of the population Of
the larger isle. OF these 100000 only ID, 900
are whites, whereas in, Cuba nearly two
thirds are reckoned as whites, and little more
rhsm one third as colored. Il is true that
in Cuba tht Sc sho are not black are apt q
be classed as whites, SO that probably there
10 good deal more than one third of negro
blood in the population taken as whole
still, eYen allowing for this, the African
element is incomparably larger in Jsmaicsi
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1902-03-04

and whereas thousands Of Earop cans are
coming every year to settle in Cuba. scarcely
any Come to Jamaica, whose population is
evidently destined to remain quite as largely
pre- dominantly colored population as it Is
at this moment Being so much more dense
ly peopled, Jamaica is also far more fully
cultivated. In the forest tracts Of Cuba
one finds only stray clearing here and
there, with negro family or two dwelling
in seclasion among it's bananas, living on
what the patch of land produces, and caring
but little to carry vegetables or fruits or
poultry to town which may be many miles
distant. Even in the fertile and open
lowlands which cover SO large q part of
Cuba, great tracts lie untouched by the
plough AND unstocked with cattle. But in
Jamaica it is only the rough and stony
ground and the swamps (not very exten-
sivel that remain unused. Among the
steep ridges of tbs Blue Mountains, as
high and as rugged as are the hills OF Cuba,
nearly all the available ground 6has been
turned to account for bananas, or for coffee,
or for the cultivation of vegetables by the
negroes for their own use, so that there are
tracks all over the slopes, and one seldom
goes far without finding houses. This gi-
yes quite different character to the lands
cape, and has much to do with that variety
and richness which is one of the conspicuous
charms of Jamaican scenery, There is
perhaps less breadth OF effect than in Cube;
and one feels everywhere, with the sea
closing all the views from high ground,
that one is in small country. But there
| is great richness and fnish Of detail, the
sense of human presence and human labol
Supplying an element which is frequently
absent in the more ample landscapes O
Cuba.
The Contrast u The Towns. /.
When one comes to the towns, the con.
trass is still more marked. Though Ja-
msica is less distinctively English thar
Uuba is Spanish, its streets and houses wit
ness to the presence of very differen
people. Here the advantage is with Cuba
!; Small cities like Uienfuegos and Trinidad
4 Mansanillo and Santiago, are cities, neatly
laid out in Spanish colonial fashion, eacl
with several large churches, two or posi-
bly, three centuries old, each soIidly built
either Of stone or of bricks, covered will
plaster painted in bright colors. Taere il
always central plaza, and probably it i
|, planted with handsome trees and flowerin!
shrubs, with walls, and it may be fuun
4 tain. Usually there is also an Alameda OF
the outskirts. The whole place has Ger.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1902-03-04

l
y. One does not see the pretty sspation
which is characteristic Of the Spanish house
--an internal court, with its tiny garden
and, perhaps, its fountain.
The English, being . severely practical
people, have built their sSarehouses, and
offices, and even their villas with view
solely to business and to comfort. They
keep the streets in better order than the
Cubaus do, or did before the reforming
energy of the United States began to work
upon places like Havana and Mstansas and
Santiago. They provide better surface
for tho cab driver and the wheelman. But
Kingston, though the style in Ohich the
houses are built, with sort Of brick versnda
or piaszs raised above the street, gives it .
kind Of piCturesqueness, is rather mean
looking town, far less attractive than such
places as Santiago or Cieniuegos.
CONTINUED on Page p
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-05-06
A SpONGELESS SLATE.
Novel Invention of "A Young Woman
schooa-Teacher for the BeneGt
of the Pupils.

Miss Emma Levi, teacher of one of
the lower grades in the Eagle school,
has invented slate which is intended
to eliminate the sponge as part of the
school furniture, and upon the tests
made by the authorities there is little
doubt of the slate coming into gem
eral use in the Cleveland schools, says
the Plain Dealer.
Miss Levi, in telling of her invention,
says: 81 am sure that it will fulfill
the purposes for which it was invent
ed. As long as / have been in the pro-
fession the sponge for states has been
one of the things which made it un-
pleasant. Long before the germ the
DRY was advanced and the sponge con-
demned because of the scattering of
disease through it, / reached the con-
clusion that 1t could not but have an un-
desira' influence upon the health of
the sc -ol children.
II first tried to find an eraser which
would take the place of the sponge.
and not need water. Here / found
that | was against physical laws, and
4 that the slate is so porous that, while
/ its surface appears to be smooth, un-
/ der a microscope it can be seen that
the use of slate in writing exercises
/ depends upon the porousness, and that
the only way to thoroughly clean them
is by the application OF water
Finally another problem presented
itself, which led to the solution of both
/ it and the sponge difficulty. l OBJ
served, as have all teachers, that it was
practically impossible to use the slate
on dark days. which are most numer-
GUS in Cleveland. Most school-rooms
have no means of artificial lighting,
and on cloudy days the effect of having
the states outside the desks was to
make the rooms even more gloomy, as
putting the eyes of the children in
jeopardy. We got orders one day not
to use the states on these dark days,
but to allow them to study from their
books. This gave me the idea of
white slate, and was the beginning of
my research along that line.
MY first object was to produce a
slate which would be white, and which
could be cleaned readily When found
such slate, or possibly il is misnom-
er to call it a slate, as it is in reality .
. substitute for the slate, | then be-
/ lieved that the time had come to get
, rid of the sponge in the schools.
Il worked until | secured compost
, ton which would have glazed sur
face, and then turned my attention to
pencil which would have an affinity
for the surface, and its marks still be
readily removed. The pencil, by the
way, was not the least of the difficult
ties. but at last / have a pencil and g
slate which viii go together and elm
mate both the difficulty in regard to
' unsanitary sponges and the darkening
effect of the slate.
"Snce have finished the slate find
! that it has an advantage over the other
+ states in the matter of teaching writ
ing, and the free arm movement which is
taught in our schools can be acquired
from the first over its glazed surface
! thing which has been impossible with
the old slate"
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-05-06
THE CRICKET.
stn comes the breath of summer. strong
and sweet

Still comes the breath of summer. strong
and sweet
In at my open window; yet. as meet
Daylight and twilight. joyfully we greet
The cricket's music.
These sing Of summer, but as on the wane,
Sing of Its sweetness; also OF Its pain;
Major and minor In its brisk refrain
The crickets' chorus.
Our friends the frogs sang of the budding
spring,
Sang OF fresh youth and the perfumed
Love King.
or birds and flowers, and life in everything
In fullest measure.
Now, OF those ripened pleasures we are
cloyed;
Weary forsooth of sweets. which oft we
toyed
In glowing summer; conscious Of void
And heavy languor.
with crickets' chirp comes courage new
and strong.
Visions appear of autumn evenings long.
OF cheerful Preside. books and friends and
song,
And social pleasures.
And now we dream OF life and work re-
newed;
Fresh blood flows In our veins, with
strength imbued
We shall take up our former tasks, now
strewed
To summer breezes.
Have the long days in passing brought US
pain?
The crickets song shall cheer us once
again,
whispering that sunshine cometh after
lain,
After night, dawning.
SO stay very near us. crickets deari
Brighten for us the fading OF the year;
Add to our coy fireside's cheer.
Thy kindly chirping
Lucy LIE X. Hart, in Boston Evening
Transcript.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-05-06
me Professor,s Downfall.

Apropos of the more rigid social
rules introduced into some of our coli
leges for women, Seth Low tells story
of a western seminary where the
young women had arranged an even
ing's entertainment at which some
young men were to be present. These
young men were to be lifted into one
of the dormitory windows by means
of basket, with a rope attached there
to. A vigilant professor discovered
the basket, slipped into it and gave
the signal to hoist. His head finally
appeared above the window-sill and
he was recognized. The professor
heard one frantic scream of terror in
unison from a dozen charming pupils,
and then
What happened9" demanded Mr..
Lows listeners, eagerly.
They let go the ropei"-Boston
Herald.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-05-06
coNoUERoRs CONQUERED.
How Some of the Worlds Foremost
Warriors Closed Their Brill
lhant Careers.

1t is remarkable and instructive
fact that the career of four of the
most renowned characters that ever
lived closed with violent or mourn
full death, says London paper.
Alexander, after looking down
from the dizzy heights of his ambi-
tion upon a conquered world, and
weeping that there were no more to
conquer, died of intoxication in
scene of debauch, or, as some sup
pose, by poison mingled in his wine.
Hannibal, whose name carried ter
ror to the heart of Rome itself, after
having crossed the Alps and put to
flight the armies of the mistress of
the world, was driven from his coun-
try and died at last of poison admin
istered by his own hands, in for
eign land, unlamented and unwept.
Caesar. the conqueror of 800 cities,
and his temples bound with chaplets
dipped in the blood of a million of
his foes, was miserably assassinated
by those he considered his nearest
friends.
Bonaparte, whose mandate kings
and emperors obeyed, after filling the
earth with the terror of his name.
closed his days in lonely Punishment
upon barren rock in the midst of
the Atlantic ocean.
Such the four men who may be con-
sidered Representatives of all whom
the world call great, and such their
ADMINISTRATION, or poison-suicide
murdered by friends-lonely exilel
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-05-06
TERMS OF COURT.

Following are the terms of Court in
the Fourth Judicial District of Idaho
for the year 1902:
Lincoln County.
Shoshone. -. April 81, September %
Cassia County.
Albion. !. March 24th, September 2
EImore County.
Mt. Home .... May IL, October 23rd
Custer County.
Challis...... March Bird, October 9th
Blaine County
HALEY. -. June 3rd, November 18th
Court to convene at $3.50 a. M, at
each time and place.
KIRKLAND /. PERKY, Judge.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-05-06

A New York man who has just re-
turned from vacation spent in Vir-
ginia tells story about the enormous
appetites of three baby wrens which
leads one to believe the proverb. ''hun-
CRY as bear" needs revision in favor
of these birds. The New Yorker found
nest of wrens near the place where
he was stopping, and took up position
favorable for watching the birds at
leisure. Within four and half hours
the mother wren had made ITO trips to
the nest, and this was the bin Of fare
the baby birds, three in number, con-
sumed: Twenty green caterpillars, is
May flies, 90 unidentified insects, IL
worms, two bugs, ten grasshoppers,
seven spiders, and chrysalis or two.
How is that for an appetite ?-Golden
Days.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-05-06

soberest Australian Colony.
Tasmania is said to be the soberest
of the Australasian colonies.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-05-06
CHURCH MEETINGS.

Regular meetings at the Congrega-
tional Church in Challis
Morning serN ices each Sunday at IL
O'clock Evening services at 1880
O'Clock each Sunday.
Sabbath School each Sunday at 2
o'clock p. m.
Christian Endeavor meeting every
Thursday evening at 7:30 o'clock.
REV. r. S. MCPHERSON, Pastor.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-05-06

The Aztec language, in use in Mexico
at the discovery of America, lacked the
sounds indicated by our letters b, q,
+. g,r,i andy.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-05-06
SILVER LEAF REBEKAH NO. q

Silver Leaf Rebekah Lodge No. "a,
/. 0. 0. f., of Challis, holds its regular
meetings in the Odd Fellows hall, ON
the 2nd and 4th Tuesday nights of
each month. Visiting members in
good standing always welcome.
MRS. ETHEL PHILIPS, N. G..
Miss Nellie Bennett, Secretary.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-05-06
SOCIETIES.

CUSTER LODGE NO. 81, I. o. o. f.
Regular meetings each Saturday
night at o'clock at their hall in
Challis. Visiting Brothers in good
standing are invited.
JOHN STEPHENS, n. G.
j. G.. FINNELL, Secretary.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-05-06
CUSTER ENCAMpMENT NO. 10.

OONJ I i1AN I1lN VIM MIN ANO' IN'
Custer Encampment No. 10, I.O.O.F.
holds its regular meetings in the Odd
Fellows hall in Challis, on the Island
Bird Y ednesday nights of each month
at s o'clock. Visiting Patriarchs in
good standing welcome.
A. p. CHALLIS, G. p.
Geo. E. Reyes, Scribe.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-05-06

SUPREME COURT.
Ralph P. Quarles,
/, n. Sullivan,
Charles Stocksla9er.
The Delta independent., 1902-05-23

could scarcely distinguish the sites of
the large buildings thar had been des-
troyed under the rain of fire. lava, mud
and ashes.
The still smoking volcano lowered
above the ash-covered hills. The ruins
were burning In many places and
frightful odors Of burned flesh filled
the air.
With great difficulty landing was
affected. Not one house was left in
tact. Viscid heaps OF mud. of brighter
ashes, or piles of volcanic stones were
seen on every side. Here and there
amid the ruins were heaps of corpses.
almost all the faces were downward.
as II the unhappy victims had rushed
into the streets when the first shock
of the catastrophe aroused them. only
to meet a sudden and awful death that
smote them to the earth as they ran.
So many piles OF corpses were to be
seen that is is dlfficult to describe any
in particular detail. In one corner
twenty-five bodies of men. women and
The Delta independent., 1902-05-23
TORNADO IN TEXAS
MANY ARE KILLED IN eoLIAD

Wind Cuts Deadly Swath Two Hun.
dred and Fifty Yards Wide-Ap.
paliine Scenes of Destruction-One
Hundred Houses Totally DemoI.
ished.
Houston. Texas, May 1S.-At 3:45
beautiful and historical town of Goliad
and left death and desolation in its
pathway beyond the power of pen to
portray.
A correspondent reached the scene at
Z o'clock, on a special train from Vic.
toria, Texas. bearing doctors, nurses
and medicines, friends and relatives
Of Goliad people and the O'Connor
guards. The scene which met the eye
on reaching the scene of destruction,
which was in the western part of the
city, was appalling. Between Church
and Patrice streets. which run north
and south a distance of mile in
length. only one house was left stand.
ing and scarcely a vestige of man could
be seen. Very little damage was done
except within these boundaries, a
width of 80 yards. The tornado was
preceded a few moments by heavy
hailstorm and n deep rumbling sound,
but no one had any premonition of the
disaster, and there was no opportunity
for escape to refuge, as the cyclone
dealing death and disaster, was all oveI
in few moments.
The section which most suffered wa.
the residence portion. the lower part
being the negro settlement while the
upper part contained many residences
The Methodist and Baptist churches
and the Baptist parsonage, both just
completed. and the negro Methodist
church were destroyed. The Episcopal
church was badly damaged and fully
100 houses We're totally destroyed. The
stone residence of r. r. Davis of the
Goliad Guard was the only building
in the pathway of the storm not demol
ished. and it is n wreck.
The people of Goliad. realizing al
once the stupendous nature of the ca
lamity and the terrible loss of life and
injured. telephoned to her sister cities
of Cuero and Victoria for assistance
which was responded to Immediately
General Superintendent Forbes stop
ped the regular Beeville train at GoliaG
and turned it back TO Victoria. bringing
on the return trip six doctors from
there and an abundance of medicines
and surgical appliances. Another trair
came later from Cuero with a number
of physicians and dozens of nurses ano
many citizens
Dallas. Texas, May 1S.--A special
to the News from Houston says Luat
telephone message received from
Goliad late tonight reports that 156
or more persons We're killed and in
jured by the tornado which swept oveI
that village to-day. No verification is
obtainable. Among those reported los,
are the members of the family of the
Goliad telephone manager
The Delta independent., 1902-05-23

intense heat. Curiously enough, the
features of the dead were generally
calm and reposeful, although in some
cases terrible fright and agony were
depicted. Grim piles of bodies were
stacked everywhere. showing that
death had stricken them while the
crowds were vainly seeking escape
from the fiery deluge. On one spot
a group of nine children were found
locked in each others arms.
The vaults of the Bank Of Martin
ique, at the head of what had been the
Rue de l'Hospital. were found intact.
They contained 100000 francs (S4OO.-
000) in specie and other securities,
which were sent here for safe-keeping.
The vaults of the government treas
ury are now being searched in the
hope that a large amount of money
and other valuables deposited by the
principal merchants of the city may be
saved.
The Delta independent., 1902-05-23
DENVER MEN VISIT PUEBLO.
One Hundred and Fifty People Inspect
the Great Steel Plant.

Denver. May l9.-One hundred and
fifty Denver business men learned or
saturday last what the name OF Pueblo
means, and what it may mean to Den,
YER to have on the south ueighbol
whose iron and steel plant will be the
largest. not only in the West, but in
the world. Few of them had realized
before what was meant by the reports
of extensions of the steel plant and
phenomenal growth of the city on the
Arkansas.
There were four cars of excursion.
lists and u baggage car. Besides the
officers and members of the Real Es.
tate Exchange. there were many
guests, including Judge Mitchell Bene-
diet. Il. W. Speer and Oscar Reuter-
of the Board OF Public Works, Col. L.
II. Eicholtz and Charles a Griffith,
chairman of the Commercial Club.
The excursion was ostensibly OH the
Invitation of the MinneQua Town Com,
pany. which Is an otf-shoot OF the Colo
rado Fuel and Iron Company, but II
was really planned by ]. A. kebler and
]. c. Osgood. the heads OF the com.
pany. with view to showing the Den,
vcr business men what the extension
Of the plant really involved.
The Delta independent., 1902-05-23
GREAT SOLDIER AT REST.
Remains Of General Roseerans Re
inferred in Arlington Cemetery.

Washington. May 1S.-With imposing
ceremonies the remains of Maj. Gen
William Stark Rosecrans We're rein
tered yesterday in Arlington cemetery
under the direction of the Society OF
the Army of the Cumberland. The
services We're presided over by Gen
David Il. Henderson. speaker of the
House of Representatives. PreSiden,
Roosevelt. members of his Cabinet
Senators and representatives and
host of friends, including many of hi,
old army associates. We're present t1
pay their last tribute to the noted sol
dier.
Full military honorS we're accorded
the remains. which We're borne to the
grave on a caisson.
In opening the exercises At the ceme
terry. Speaker Henderson. who pre-
sided, said in part:
Few generals OF the Civil War hat
stronger hold upon the officers ant
men who fought under his command
They respected. they loved him, ant
that love is attested by this act of your,
in bringing the body of your old com.
mander from the Golden Gate to lay
him away in your midst in this sacred
and historic city of the dead"
General Henderson spoke of fighting
with General ROsecrans At the battle
Of Corinth and said that he was the
most fearless officer he had ever seen
His fearless. heroic dash had been tn,
death-knell of the armies of Price and
Nandorn and at the battle of Chicka
mauca his personal efforts saved the
day.
At the conclusion of Speaker Hender
sons remarks the quartette choir of st
Patrick's Catholic Church sang Lead
Kindly Light" after which brief adj
dresses We're made by President Roose
Welt, Senator Foraker and Representa-
tives Hepburn. Grosvenor and Gardt
ner.
The Delta independent., 1902-05-23
Onslaught OF Fire and Poisonous
Gas Overwhelmed Martinique

Louis H. Ayne, United States con-
sui at Guadeloupe. sends the follow
Ing cable to the Chicago Tribune from
Fort de France. Island OF Martinique
l have Just returned from ST. Pierre
The desolation OF the ruins of the city
blasted by the fire and sulphurous
fumes from the angry crater of Mont
Pelee can only be inadequately pic
tured. Not half OF the horrors to
be seen there have been told.
l left the Island of Guadeloupe in
chartered steamer Saturday night
We approached the site of the once
fair tropical city soon after O'Clock
in the morning.
The island with its lofty hills was
hidden behind a leaden colored haze
Enormous quantities of the wreckage
OF large and small ships and houses
strewed the surface Of the sea. Huge
trees and. too often. bodies with flocks
OF sea gulls soaring above and hideous
sharks fighting about them. were float
ing here and there. From behind the