davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
WIRELESS
MESSAGES
Communication Established
Between Cornwall and
Nova Scotia
IN OPERATION FOR A WEEK
kilograms Were Sent to King
Edward and to the King Of
Italy Who Replied to Con-
gratulations from Canada.

Rome, Dec. 22.--King Victor Emman-
uel this morning received the wireless
message from Marconi forwarded from
Cape Breton via Cornwall, and sent a
congratulatory reply.
CANADA SENT MESSAGE.
London, Dec. 22.-The second edition
of the Times today, prints the text of a
wireless Marconi message received from
the Canadian government as follows:
"Ottawa, Dec. 21.-The government of
Canada, through the Times, desires to
congratulate the British people on the
accomplishment by Marconi of the
greatest feat modern science has yet
achieved. Cartwright, acting premier
READY FOR BUSINESS.
London, Deco. 22.-The representa-
tives of Marconi say they have been re-
ceiving transatlantic messages for a
week. They add that the message to
King Edward and others came through
without hitch and was practically in
Simultaneous. 1t is calculated that the
company will be able to handle 1000
words per hour. AS soon as it is able
to get the postoffice authorities to con-
meet Pouldhu with the island, the tele-
graph company will commence regular
commercial business between Cornwall
and Nova Scotia.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
SAILORS BECAME
RAvINC MAN|ACS
Those Rescued From Two Vessels
Which Collided in Massachusetts
Bay, Underwent Intense Suf-
fering From Cold.
FOUR COULD NOT Be MOVED FROM The SHIP

Boston, Mass, Dec. 22.-The foreign
steamer, Manhassett, arrived at 2:30
this morning with ten survivors Of the
crwe of the schooners Frank A. Pal
mer and Louise B. Crary, which were
in collision In Massachusetts bay on
Wednesday. Six men of both vessels
were drowned In the collision. The bal
ance of Is took to one boat, Three sub
sequently became insane and jumped
overheard. Two died from exposure
and two went insane after getting
ashore. Both captains We're saved. All
the survivors We're frost bitten and
some of them will probably have to
have their feet and hands amputated
The Manhassett came into the harbor
early this morning, showing signals for
assistance and by the time she arrived
at a wharf, ambulances We're ready to
transfer the sailors to hospital Only
six of the men could be removed, how
ever. The other four were in such a
condition that it was deemed impossl-
from the vessel. Two of the men on
the Manhassett are Captain w. Fl. Pot
ter of the Crary, and Captain Rawling
of the Palmer. The other two men are
sailors, both of whom are raving ma
MACS,
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
TERRITORIAL COLLECTIONS.
EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION
Sessions Will Open at Las Vegas This
Evening and Continue Over Tomorrow

This evening the sessions of the New
Mexico Educational Association will
open in the assembly room of the Nor
NAL University at Las Vegas. M. w.
Browne, president OF the Las Vegas
Board of Trade, will preside and the
music will be furnished by the Las We
gas Oratorio Society. Addresses of well
come will be made by Mr.. Browne for
the Board of Trade, w. G. Hayden for
the Board of Education, Frank Spring.
err for the University, and e. Chacon
for the Las Vegas Bar The responses
will be by Prof. Hiram Hadley of the
New Mexico College Of Agriculture and
Mechanic Arts at Las Cruces, w. G..
Tight of the University of New Mexico
at Albuquerque, and Hon. J. Franco
Chaves, superintendent Of public in
struction. President M. 2. Hickey of
Albuquerque, will deliver the annual
address on "The relation of the teacher
to society,"" After the session a recep-
ton will be rendered the visitors at the
home of Hon. and Mrs. Joshua Ray
nolds. The program for tomorrow is as
follows:
Forenoon, $3.50 a. m.
/. 1.-THE high school curriculum"
John Barton, superintendent Of
schools, Deming.
General discussion.
2. Scientific medicine and the public
schools"
J. Frank Mcconnell, M. D., Las Cru
ces.
General discussion.
Afternoon, 2 p. m.
/. "The educational outlook in New
Mexico"
Hon. ]. Franco Chaves, superintend-
ent of public instruction, Santa Fe.
General discussion.
2. What shall we do for the individ-
uality of pupils in the g1ades?"
Mrs. Gilbert La Bar. Albuquerque.
General discussion.
Evening, p. m.
/. Oratorio, 1.-THE Holy Child"
Las Vegas Oratorio Society.
2. Lecture.
DR.. A. e. Winship editor Journal of
Education Boston, Mass,
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
GRANT COUNTY COLLECTIONS.
Taxes for the First Malt Of 1902 Did Not Come Up to
ExpectatIen.

The collections in Grant Co. on the
first half of the tax roll of 1902 did not
by any means come up to the expecta
tions Of Collector Witzel or the board
of county commissioners, the compare
tive decrease being in round numbers
about twenty thousand dollars. In ex-
PLANTATION of this Collector Witzel says:
This decrease Is accounted for partial
ly by the fact that many of the smaller
taxpayers have not paid, as is evil
denced by the fact that only $40 tax re-
ceipts were issued this year as against
663 for the corresponding period last
year, but the greater portion of the
deficit is caused by the failure of the
larger corporations, and particularly
the railroad companies to forward the
first half Of their taxes"
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22

the schools at East Las Vegas and AL
buquerque and to Professor Wood and
the teachers of Santa Fe. The Univer-
sity at Albuquerque is worthy of high
praise.
The committee does not wish to be
understood as saying anything against
the patriotism or native intelligence Of
the mass of people who constitute the
socalled Mexican" population of New
Mexico. They have many excellent
qualities. Statehood should not be
conferred until the effects of education
are felt. The greater portion of the So
called "Americans' are of high quality.
Some are not as good as the native ele-
ment such as the "riffraff," to use the
expression of Justice Mills, who follow
railroad, but this class is rapidly dis
appearing. Adobe houses are generally
occupied by the natives, which resem-
BILE the usual dwellings of the Chinese
people. Americans, says the commit
tee, are seldom content to dwell in
them.
On resources the committee says
agriculture cannot be followed without
irrigation, stock raising is limited by
water holes or wells and mining is as
yet undeveloped. The report closes by
comparing the population of New Mex
leo with that of the larger cities of the
country.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
HEARING THE CONTEST.
Sooorro County Election Troubles Are Now
Being Aired Before Judge Mcmillan.

The election contest inaugurated by
the Republican candidates for county
offices in Socorro county is still being
heard at Socorro by Judge Daniel Il.
Mcmillan. 1t is claimed the ballots cast
by the so-caleld Independent Republi-
cans were illegal, and Wednesday and
Thursday were consumed in counting
those ballots. 1t was found that 1924 of
them were included in the returns as
canvassed by the county commission
ers. This number does not include
those cast in San Antonio precinct nor
the few thrown out in Kelly precinct
and In Socorro precinct No. "a. On Fri
day Judge Mcmillan took UP the ques-
ton of the two sets of returns sent in
from San Antonio precinct. The re-
spondents commenced their side of the
case today.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
HALF MILLION FIRE
AT KNOXVILLE
Many Wholesale and Retail Business
Houses Were Wiped Out Of Ez-
istence in a Spectacular
Blaze.
BUILDING FELL AND STOPPED THE DAMAGE

Knoxville, Tenn, Dec. 22.-The worst
fire which has ravaged the business
portion of the city since the disastrous
million dollar confagration of 1897,
broke out at 80 this morning in four
story building on Commerce Avenue,
directly opposite the central fire sta
ton, and occupied by the Knoxville
Pants Company. In two hours the
buildings adjoining it on Commerce
Avenue, occupied by Broyles, McClel-
Ian and Lackey, agricultural implement
dealers; the David Commission Co.; the
immense establishment OF the Brown
Hardware Co., on Gay Street; the
Shanklin Grain Co.; and the r. H.
Gate and Co. building on the same
streets, had been completely gutted
The six story building of McTeer, Hood
and Co., wholesale clothiers, and the
three story building of the Davis Fur
niture Co., which We're reported des-
troyed, withstood the storm of flying
embers and We're but little damaged.
Brandau and Kennedy, retail clothiers;
w. T. Newton, jeweler, the White
Spence Trunk Co, and other retail
stores on Gay street opposite the burn
ing structures, were considerably dam
aged. Conservative insurance men say
the loss will be between four and five
hundred thousand dollars. Other esti-
mates place it much higher. The fire
was very spectacular one and attrac-
ted crowd numbering into the thou
sands. 1t is miracle no one was hurt
with the showers of falling glass and
terrific explosions in the Brown Hard
ware Co., that scattered bricks, burning
embers and all conceivable articles Of
The collapse of the
Brown building saved the business dis
trict from loss of two millions at
least, the flames being easily handled
after that structure had fallen.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
ITALY WILL
PARTICIPATE
Naval Forces Will Join
Those of Great Britain
and Germany.
A BLOCKADE ESTABLISHED
President Roosevelt Was For
mally Invited to Act as
Arbitrator and May
Accept.

Washington, Dec. 22.-The following
cablegram has been received from
Commander Diehl of the Marietta,
which lies at La Guayra. The message
comes via Hayti and is dated yester-
day:
British vice admiral established an
effective blockade from and after Dec.
20 of La Guayra, Carenero, Guanta, Gu
mana, Carupano and the mouths Of the
Orinoco river. Vessels sailing from the
United States and the West indies be-
fore the date of notification are allow
ed as grace: Steamers ten days and
sailing vessels 20 days At other ports,
steamers have 20, and sailing vessels 40
days. Vessels in the blockaded ports
have Is days"
Ambassador Tower has notified the
state department from Berlin, that he
has received official notification from
the German government of the German
squadron blockade. Ambassador Mey-
err has cabled he received yesterday
from the minister of foreign affairs an
L.
that Italy has decided to participate
with the naval forces in the blockade Of
Venezuelan ports which had been de-
clared by the British and German gov
ernments.
ROOSEVELT FORMALLY INVITED.
Berlin, Dec. 22.-The notes of Ger
many and Great Britain, formally in
viting President Roosevelt to act as ar
bitrator in the Venezuelan dispute,
were handed to the United States am
bassador here and to the United States
charge in London today.
ROOSEVELT MAY ACCEPT.
Washington, Dec. 22.-The United
States government is awaiting the re-
ception of formal answers from the al
lied governments to the presidents last
suggestion that the Venezuelan dispute
be referred to the Hague Sc far these
responses have not come to hand, but
it is pretty well understood that they
will hold for the arbitration of Presi-
dent Roosevelt himself Signs point to
the presidents ultimate acceptance of
the trust, though nothing positive is
yet known on this point
THE NETHERLANDS NEUTRAL.
The Hague, Dec. 22.-The government
of the Netherlands has decided to OBJ
serve a strictly neutral attitude in the
Venezuelan trouble. Ships of the block
aiding powers will be prohibited from
coaling at the ports of the Dutch colo
MES.
CASTRO IN GOOD HEALTH.
Caracas, Dec. 22.-There is no truth
in the report published in the United
States that President Castro is suffer-
ing from a mysterious illness. The cor
respondent Of the Associated Press saw
the president today. He is enjoying his
usual health.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
No Ca tile SHIPMENTS.

The Diamond A and the KIT cattle
companies tried all last week to make
shipments from Hachita to California
without success. The weather was so
stormy and inclement that 1t was i'm
possible to herd the cattle as early or
as easily as expected. Complaints along
the same line are heard from other
cattle companies.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22

LAND OFFICE BUSINESS.
Homestead Entry: D. Trujillo of
Springer, 100 acres of land in Mora
county.
NOTARIES APPOINTED.
Governor Otero has appointed John
C Slack, of Clayton, Union county, and
Frank Staplin, of Taos, Taos county,
notaries public.
POSTOFFICE CHANGES.
A postoffice has been established at
Jose, Luna county. 1t will be served
from Haywood, fourteen miles east. The
postoffice at Embudo, Rio Arriba county,
has been discontinued, mail for that Of
flee will 60 to Velarde.
IRRIGATION COMMISSION.
The irrigation commission did not
meet on Saturday nor today on account
of quorum not being present. Presi-
dent u. -. richardson, O. -%sawc,!, and
Secretary George w. Knaebel were the
only members that were here. The COM
mission may meet here sometime during
the session of the legislature.
TERRITORIAL COLLECTIONS.
Territorial Treasurer J. H. Vaughn
received the following collections this
morning: From Mark Howell, treasurer
and collector of Chaves county, of 1901
taxes, $5655; of 1902 taxes, $9,33s. .s5.
From Charles X. Newhall, treasurer
and collector of Bernalillo county, OF
1902 taxes, $12, 2,9S6.55.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
MARKET REPORT.
MONEY AND METAL.


New York, Dec. 22.-Money on call
firm at q 6 per cent Prime mercant-
lie paper, q per cent. Silver, 4s8.
New York, Dec. %. ~ Lead, quiet,
$4.1216; copper, quiet, $11.65.
GRAIN.
Chicago, Dec 22.-Close. Wheat, De-
cember, 74%; May, IT'S q 771S~
Corn, December, 451; JANUARY, 44X.
Oats, December, 80; May, 33S a
33%.
PORK, LARD, RIBS.
Pork, January, $1e.e5; May, $l6.
Is.
Lard, December, s1o.25; January,
$9.s2N.
Ribs. January, ss.47k: May, 1855 @
$s.57M.
STOCK.
Kansas City, M, Dec. 22.-Cattle, re-
ceipts, 5000; including 1900 Texans;
market stronger
Native beef stecrs, 80. so q SO. 90; Tex
as and Indian steers $26 @ $4.O5;
Texas cows, $500 q $2.75; native cows
and heifers, S1.25 q 81 90; stockers and
feeders, 81. .25 q $4.0O; bulls, SIS q
ss is; calves, $2.s5 a 5000; western
steers, ~ 90 q $5.25; western cows,
81. 80 q $500.
Sheep, receipts, 1900 market steady
to strong.
Muttons $500 q "a. 10; lambs, $500 q
s.. As; range wethers $500 q 81 65;
ewes 3d. q 1920.
Chicago, Dec. 22.-Cattle, receipts,
1000; market 10 to 15c higher,
Good to prime steers, $500 a $5.75;
poor to medium, $500 q $5.25; stockers
and feeders, 81. 90 q 81. so; cows $1.25 q
"a. so; heifers, 400 q $500; Gamers,
81.25 q S2.40; bulls, $2.20 q $3.50;
calves, 800 @ 81. 25; Texas fed steers,
$3.75 q $4.75.
Sheep, receipts, 10000; sheep steady,
lambs steady.
Good to choice wethers, 80. rs q "a. 40;
fair to choice mixed, $2.75 q "a. rs;
western sheep, $3.50 q $40; native
lambs, $500 @ $3.50; western lambs,
81 90 q $3.50.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
MASCAGNpS WOES.
His Personal Effects We're Attached and
the Concert Tour Brought to Close.

Chicago, Dec. 22.-The American tour
of Pietro Mascagni and his italian op-
era company came to a sudden close to-
day in this city with cancellation Of
all dates. The elimination Of Mascag-
mis- woes came last evening when an
attachment was made on his personal
effects by a constable representing a
local claimant for $134. AS a result Of
his financial difficulties, Mascagni is
now confined to his room at the Audi
torium Annex, suffering from nervous
prostration.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
RUMBLlN6 CONTINUES.
Earthquake In Russian Turksstan, Killed $500 People
and Destroyed $4,000 Houses.

London, Dec. pa dispatch from
New Marghelm, Russian Turkestan, re-
ports that an earthquake at Andijan
killed 2,so0 people in and near that city
and destroyed 10000 houses. The rum
blings continue. The authorities so far,
have not been able to cope with the
destitution of the starving, unsheltered
nOpulace
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
MAY TIE UP AP-
Preparation BILLS
T. the Opponents Of Statehood Per.
sist in Obstructive and Dilatory
Tactics Senator Quay May
Retaliate.
DELEGATE RODEY ISSUED APPEAL TO PRESS
Special to the New Mexican.

Special to the New Mexican.
Washington, Dec. 22.-Large delega-
tions are now here from both New
Mexico and Arizona fighting for the
statehood bill. Senator Quay's plan is
understood to be to allow the measure
to continue before the senate until the
appropriation bills come over from the
house and then, if the opponents of
statehood persist in filibustering and
dilatory tactics, to retaliate by tieing
up the important appropriation bills
and thus force a vote on the statehood
bill. Mr.. Quay is confident he can Sc
cure the passage of the bill If he can
secure vote on it.
Delegate Rodey has issued an appeal
to the editors and press Of the country
ment in the fight. He says there pre-
walls everywhere a great lack of infor-
nation regarding New Mexico and Arl-
zona. He contends that the census is
incorrect as to the population of the
two territories, and says that New
Mexico has not less than 100000 inhab-
itants of whom three-ffths are people
from the states and their descendants,
and the remaining two-fiftl1s, American
citizens of Spanish descent, are the
best of citizens to be found anywhere.
He says that more than one-half speak
the English language. He claims there
is not to exceed Is per cent of illiteracy
in the entire territory and that it has
the finest system of public schools and
educational institutions, in proportion
to it's population, to be found in the
country; that it is the greatest live
stock country under the flag; has more
iron and coal than any other state or
territory; and that it is today progress
sing faster than any other part Of the
nation. He asks the press to withhold
judgment until both sides to the contro-
versy are heard. Mr.. Rodey presented
at the White House, Q. A. Larrazola of
Las Vegas, and Sergeant Fornoff of
Albuquerque, who served in the Rough
Riders.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
WONDERFUL ESCAPE.
Missouri Pacific Train Going Forty Miles
an Hour Went Into a Ditch.

ottawa, Kas., Dec. 22.-The Missouri
Pacific train No. 1, known as the Colo
rado flyer, due here at o'clock last
night, left the track just east of Ran
toul, and the whole train, with the ex-
ception of a sleeper, was turned into
the ditch. Nobody was killed and only
six persons were slightly Injured.
Spreading rails caused the wreck. The
escape Of the passengers is almost mir
aculous as the train was making about
40 miles an hour.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
Ration Was Frightened.

Ration had . severe attack of pa!pita.
tion of the heart last week. Twice in
one night burglar alarms were turned
in from the First National Bank. In
vestigation each time showed that the
boy who sleeps there and who was re-
Gently employed, accidentally stepped
on the buttons.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
NO MORE DEATHS.
Those injured In the Southern Pacific Collision at Byron
Are Doing Welt.

San francisco, Dec. a2.-At the South
ern Pacific hospital In this city this
morning, it was reported that no more
deaths had occurred In that institution
as result OF Saturday nights disas-
trous collision at Byron, and that the
injured are doing well. The death roll
now numbers twenty-feur.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
VANDERBILT WAS RESTLESS.
Is Still SelsusIy III and His General Condition Remains
About the Same.

New York, Dec. 22.-At 9:45 the phys
icians made the following bulletin:
Mr.. Vanderbilt had a very restless
night. and is still seriously i'll. His
genera condition ia5.temp. ttura re-
main about the same. Any slight
change, perhaps. are on the side of i'm
proVemert"
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
MAY DECIDE TODAY.
State Board Of CanvasSers Of Colorado Will at Once
Take Up Election Contests

Denver. Dec. %. The state board of
canvassers met this morning and i'm
mediately adjourned till afternoon. 1t
is expected some decision in the case of
the disputed legislative member from
Las Animas and San Juan counties will
be reached today.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
PRINCESS SKIPPED OUT.
All Court Functions Of Saxony for this Winter Have Been
Cancetted

Dresden, Dec. 22.-The crown prin-
cess of Saxony fed from her home on
the night of December II or IL, accord
ing to the Dresden Journal She is said
to have suddenly, in state of intense
mental excitement, deserted her family
at Salzburg and to have gone abroad.
The Saxon court functions for the win
ter have been cancelled.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
President Has Returned.

Washington, Dec. s2.-President Roos-
evelt and family arrived In Washington
from Rapidan, Va, at 1925 o'clock to-
day. They were met at the station by
Secretary Cortelyou and were driven
directly to the White House.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
The Wool Market,

St. Louis, Mo-, Dec. %. ~ Wool,
unchanged.
Territory and western mediums, 17c
q 19c; fine, lac q 1sc; coarse, '13c a 17c.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22

New York, Dec. 22.-Closing stocks
Atchison, s3A, do. pfd., 99A; New York
Central. 1899; Pennsylvania, 1854;
Southern Pacific, G44; Union Pacific,
99h; do. pfd,, 9211; United States Steel,
35 Il: do. pfd.. 85.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22

Loose leaf ledgers of the finest Quali-
ty and made up under the latest and
best patents are speciality at the
New Mexican bindery. II you need
any books for the coming year. give
your order now and you will be fur
nished with first class books at very
reasonable prices.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22

Educate Your bowels with CascArets.
: Candy Cathartic, euro constipation forever,
100. 80. II @. O. O. tail. druggists refund money.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
Get What You Ask Forl

When you ask for Cascarets Candy
Cathartic be sure you get them.
Genuine tablets stamped c. c. C.
Never sold in bulk. A substitutor is
always cheat and fraud. Bewarel
All druggists, 1oc.
Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1902-12-22
missouri Code PLEADING
BY MT. Everett W. Pattison,

Au thor of Pattison's Complete Digests
Nearly 600 Pages. Price, So. Delivered
This Book is Very Important One
for all Lawyers.
The New Mexico Code is largely
modelled on the Missouri Code so that
this book and the Form book, are the
most practicable for use hereunder.
1t sets forth, as succinctly as Is con-
sistent with clearness, the present con-
dition of the law governing pleading as
interpreted by the courts of last resort
in Missouri. The decisions are mostly
those of the Missouri courts; though in
some instances illustrations have been
drawn from the decisions of other code
states.
The Author Thoroughly Believes in
the Advantages of the Code System OF
pleading.
He further believes that precision and
exactness are even OF more Importance
in code pleading than inpleading at COM
mon law. For, while it is true that the
common law requires the utmost strict
ness In adherence to forms, yet, if its
forms are followed, the practitioner need
have little fear of attack upon his plead
ing, even though that pleading should
totally fail to inform his opponent as to
the real points in issue. On the other
hand, the very object OF the Code is to
compel parties to make clear the grounds
upon which their right to recover, or
their defense. is based. The lawyer who
is we'll grounded in the rules of pleading
will surely have the advantage in litiga-
tion. The constant study of this valuable