davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1902-03-06
VARIOUS FORMS OF PEARLS.

VARIOUS EtGMS OF PEA ELS,
No. l. Round,
No. 2. Button or hem!sphesical, some.
times called I,a!i-round.
No. 3. Iearl shaped.
No. 4. Baroque O! a saiable-shape.
NO. 5, 6 and Lump and wing shapes
CT 10 value, unless when very large
and bright they sometimes have E
nominal value.
Now a word about the value Of pearls
Your will fad that never are two
pearls found exactly alike. While
many Of them are round, the rest will
be discovered to he alinost every in
aginab!e shape. On!y those which are
bright have the csnt OF value. Only
those which are round Or hemisr heri-
cal, which is sometimes called hall
round Or button shaped, or pear-shaped
aye mucl value. These which. are
-.ueii but are bright and have a fla
back with c generally round or oval
shaped surface like No. in the illus
.ration have some value. You vii
find them in large quantities which ar,
shaped like hands, bird wings, splinter,
and similar objects, like Ees. 5, 6 ane.
7, but as these are found in such enc,
snous quantities and have uss in jewel
ry and are not curlosities, they have
no value.
Rousd, half-rourd and pear-shapeG
pearls are the varieties ct shape use<
in Jewe'ry. When perfect and of fu:
lustre these bring enormous sums OF
money. These which are ia the shap.
Of barrels, malIcts, cartridges, cola,
buttons, etc, seldom have any value
The reason is that the pearls are used
only In the shape they ara found
These can not oe shaped into round,
half-round or ;oar-shaped pearls with
cut spoiling their lustre, and hence
can not be used in jewelry, and beng
found in great numbers they are net
curios.ties.
Pearls less than one-eigEt inch H.
diameter seldom haye value, or at moss
only a few cents each. AS pearls &c
aboye this size they rapidly increase IL,
value.
In judging pearls, brilIiancy, smooth
nes,, shape, perfection, size and color
are to be observed In the order given.
First, I will give you few definitions
Of words which are commonly used in
speaking VI kf5iti5.
By iustre IS meant the shine Of &
pearl. A brilliant lustre is lustre like
the very brightest part of the inside OF
the very brightest she'll. 4 pearl poss-
essing brilliant lustre seems to shine
OF itself. II q pearl looks ike piece
of bone or like white marble, it has
no lustre and hence has 10 value. BY
smoothness is meant the regularity OF
the surface. A steel bicycle bearing
ball or new glass marble is smooth
but not brilliant.
BRILLIANCY A pearl must be
brilliant to have any value, whatever
ITS shane OF s,za. However round OF
large 1t may be, if it is perfectly dull
it has no value. Usually, value will
run In something like this order: If $
1orurAyxy rDnNJ rOpWEPQ
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1902-03-06

perfect pearl be very brilliant and worth
$50, then one which is little Iess
brilliant would be worth $50. If OF
good bright lustre it would be worth $40
ii ct medium lus.re it would be worth
$40. II dull it is worthless.
SMOOTHNESS comes second in the
estimation of the value of medium
sized peaals. A smooth pearl Is worth
twsnty timss the value OF a rough
pearl when both are bright. By a
rough pearl is meant one which has
the genera! smooth shape but a sur
face which is crinkley like a piece Of
paper which was wadded in the hand
and then smoothed out or the surface
may have knots, dents or dimples.
SHAPE: Round, half-round ard
shaped pearls have about equal
value, weight for weight. ANY shape
departing from these is seldom worth
one-third as much. Some shapes are
worth almost nothing at all, even when
perfect otherwise. A few pearls when
OF the shape indicated in illustration
No. have small value or about one
fiftieth OF what perfect hemispherical
pearl of the sane size and weight
would be worth.
PERFECTION: By this is meant
freedom from any cracks, dark or dull
spots, rings or rigdes. II pearl oi
this size and hemispherical, or like No.
2 ia shape should have tace which is
perfect in every respect and he worth
$50, it would be worth only about SIS
# it had tiny dull spot about this
size and at the point indicated re-
member. not a dark spot, but simply 6
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1902-03-06

Headache often from disordeied
condition of the stomach and constipa-
tion OF the bowels. A dose or two OF
Chamberlain stomach and Liver
Tablets will correct these disorders and
cure the hea dache. Sold by E, L.
Whitehead q Co.
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1902-03-06

dull little cloudy spot. In ordinary
things one is apt to reason this way :
"If pearl be worth $50 and 1t had a
spot about this size, which is about
one f.tieth Of the total size, then one
fiftletil Of the value would bs taken off
and the pearl would he worth $40"
But pearls are not ordinary things, and
this way of reasoning does not suffice
ia the least. The cause of this great
reduction of value when it has tiny
lm mperfection is this: Wealthy people
who have plenty Of money to spare
and wish to buy pearls, buy them be-
cause they are beautiful. Those which
have any iinpefection are not beauti
ful and they do not wish them. They
are willing to take a very much small
er one which is perfect. So the i'm
perfect ones remain on the jewelers.
hands year alter year, until he almost
gives thsm away at a very small price.
So jewe!er does not wish imperfect
pearls at even the smallest prices. A
few Of the best dealers will buy your
good ones i'll order to encourage you
and give you help. They will endsav-
or to sell them at some time in the fu-
ture for as much as they gave for theza
and SO get oat even Or poor ones.
Eff pearls are exactly alike
in every other way they rapidly in
crease In value as they incaease in
size, and on the other hand, rapidly
decrease in value as they decrease in
size Round and pear-sbaped pearls
obey this rule more readily than other
shaped pearls. Rough pearls do not
follow this rule. Very small rough
pearls have no value. Medium size
rough pearls increase in value in
about the proportion of double value
fo- double weight, Very large rough
pearls do not double in value as they
double IN size. The reason for this is
a different use for different sizes.
COLOR Dark, metallic green
pearls, found in only one sn.all river
in America, are the most valuable
pearls In the world. They are worth
more than similar ones found in the
northern part of the Island OF Yeddo
In japan. Usually speaking, colored
pearls, unless near about three eight
of an inch In size, are not 80 valuable
as white ones. The reason for this Is
that small colored pearls are not used,
and hence they have no value. Large
colored pearls are not SO much desired
as white ones Only clear, clean-look
ing colors are desired. Yellow is {
very poor color. Light pink is gcoe
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1902-03-06

Mrs. c.. f. VanDeusen, of kilbourn,
Wis, was afflicted with stomach trou-
BILE and constipation for long time.
She eays, II have tried many prepara-
tions but none have done me the good
that Chamberlain's Stomach and Liver
Tablets have" These Tablets are for
sale at E. T. Whitehead & Co.'S drug
store
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1902-03-06
TIE TEE zD-TcRS's LEISURE IoUgs.
Points and Paragraphs Ct Things
E1essnt, Past asst and Future.

Miss Stone, the missionary whose
confinement by briyands fer several
months has attracted great attention,
h:s at last teen liberated for the ran.
som pad. Il is said that she will say
little sbo''t her captivity and treat
u,a.lt /; aud there is suppositior that
her silence is due to an offer which,
az American publishing house has
made to her OF $40, 900 for the com
plcte story OF her captivity.
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1902-03-06

Educate Your Bowels With CascaEete.
Candy Cathartic, cure constipation forever.
100 Or: Il q a a fail. Gzuz-isss refaci money.
The Washington times., 1902-09-21

written to enumerate and explain all
their uses, and If half that, has beer
said about them were true they would
do anything from increasing the stride
to stimulating the appetite of a trot-
ter. Their principal effect is to length
en- and quicken action. and to cause the
horse to go squarely at the trottine
gait.
Maud s was the first champion that
wore them, though they are said to have
been introduced at Buffalo by a French
Canadian as early as 1869, and one of
the many styles now in use was patent
ed in 1877. Like Flora Temple and
many others that have held the world S
record, Maud S was double gated and
inclined to pace, and she. required four
teen-ounce shoes and four-ounce toe
weights to balance her. Many trotters
that need the weights to straighten
them out when young afterward learn
to trot without them. ndStrainers now
adays endeayor to remove, little by
little, the amount of iron. carried. until
the toe weight is finally dispensed with.
Among the other appliances commonly
used by trainers in fixing apd controlling
the action of trotters are spreaders.
gaiting poles. pokes. derricks, or head
The Washington times., 1902-09-21

kersey boots were seen on trottine
tracks"
Trotters of today are sometimes pro-
tected by perfect armor of leather and
cloth on their legs, to shield them from
habitual defects of action or chance mis-
steps when moving at speed Cresceus is
booted from his heels to his forearms
forward and from his pasterns to his
hooks behind. Separately and in combi-
nation. eighteen boots are carried by the
champion trotter on his four legs, but
most of these are used rather as q mat
ter of precaution than from necessity.
He wears combination knee and arm
boots, held in place by elastic suspep-
ders passing over his shoulders: below
these combination shin and ankle boots.
buckled around the legs, under the
knees. and low cut quarter boots. fitting
around the hoofs. On his hindu legs are
combination hook, shin, ankle, and speed
cut, or pastern, boots, covering the in
side of the legs from the hoofs ND as
high as horse can strike.
These are not the only boots worn by
trotters. scalpers. or hind toe boots,
for protecting the sensitive coronet
where the hoof and the hair come to-
gether, are among the most common OF
The Washington times., 1902-09-21

with the result that he loses confidence
In himself and hesitates to extend him
self to the Unfit of his speed Con-
fdence is inspired by boots. They pro-
tect every point and with .hn knowledge
that he cannot hurt himself the trotter
is encouraged to do his best. In support
OF my argument take Flora Temple, for
example. If she had not been a wonder
she would never have taken a record of
2:19z. Boots were not known in her
day. When James D. McMann drove her
a mile in 2:121s against time over, the
old Cincinnati track in 1859 she wore
heavy harness and no trappings of
any kind. She had habit of grabbing
her quarters and finished many a mile
badly cut and bleeding There is no
telling what a pair of quarter boots
would have done kpr her. However, to
McMann belongs the credit for the
origin of the boot. He took pieces of
cloth. padded with cotton, and wrapped
them about Flora Temples heels, and
as nearly as / can remember she wore
them when she made her record of 2:19% 3
at Kalamazoo, Mich. in 1859. Dexter
wore boots made of pieces of an old
horse blanket. but it was not until after
his time that the modern leather and
The Washington times., 1902-09-21

ters is Pneumatic boot, with an air
chamber that can be pumped up like
the tire of sulky, to break the Jar of a
heavy blow. Another Notwithstanding
contrivance is a boot filled in with rub
Der tubing. which acts as an air cushion
in taking up the concussion when trot-
ter hits his ankle or his knee. Vulcan
lied leather is the latest fad
Boots are not by any means the only
artificial appliances which have come
intosuse since Flora Temples day to cor
rect the imperfections of the harness
horse. Countless mechanical devices
have made their appearance OF late
years to balance and control the action
of the trotter. and incidentally to bear
testimony to the ingenuity of his Yam
kee trainer, for nearly all these inven
tions are born of the necessities of the
men who drive.
Toe Weights as Speed Developers.
Toe weights are easily entitled to first
place in any account of the appliances
which have aided in developing the
speed Of the trotting horse These are
pieces Of metal screwed into the front
feet at the toes, or fastened to spurs
attached to the hoof. Books have been
The Washington times., 1902-09-21
! r the many characters of the
Capital City. probably the best
known to men of means and the

| NF the many characters of the
Capital City. probably the best
~ known to men of means and the
flush sporting fraternity is Louis
Goldman. the diamond and jewelr,
street merchant. Mr.. Goldman shas
no landlord to deplete his profits with
the exaction of the monthly rent. nor
does he incur the other expenses incl
dental TO store keeping such as clerl,
hire. gas. water rents, etc. As he per-
ambulates in his quiet way from hotel to
hotel or rendezvous for sports. his pock-
cts fairly bulge with gold watches. dia-
monds mounted and unmounted. finger
rings, earrings, neck chains, etc. More
often than otherwise a hold-up of Louis
would net the bold footpad not less than
$4,000 in 'sparklers" and .tickers. .
And Louis never carries revolver, for
the one reason among others that he is
ignorant of which end shoots.
However. Mr.. Goldman is in little dan
ger from the hold-uD man, for he only
plies his vocation during the hours of
daylight.
A favorite place fer the display of the
rich treasures of his capacious pockets
is hotel on E Street, the proprietor of
which prterta.ns racial feeling of SYM
pathy for Louis. Here he can at all
times find bunch of sports in all de-
grees of financial independence and i'm
pecuniosity. If sale cannot be effected
outright Mr.. Goldman will trade or swap
a la Yankee. but the coin Of the realm is
invariably paid over to Louis as the
difference in value of the articles ex-
changed.
The memory of man runneth not to the
contrary when Mr.. Goldman "coughed
up even dollar in exchange for a bar
gain. 1t is. nevertheless, to Mr.. Gold
mans credit and accounts for his large
clientele among sports. bloods and 9th
ers that he passes over some astonishing
bargains in diamonds and jewelry to his
patrons.
Mr. Goldman is strictly honest. and
would no more think of being fence"
than he would of committing burglary or
arson. He attends the daily bargain
counters of every pawn shop in the Cap
ital City, and purchases anything or
everything in the shape of diamonds,
watches and precious stones the pawn
broker offers for sale as unredeemed
pledges. Mr.. Goldman has the ready
cash on hand, and even your uncle
The Washington times., 1902-09-21

will reel of marvellous bargains he has
given from time to time to his sport
Ing clientage. Here is one with local
application. the names. for obvious rea-
sons. being slightly changed:
Il dropped in one morning on an
Avenue pawnbroker, and among other
things offered me was a three-carat
diamond for SIPS. l looked in astonish-
ment at Mr.. Blank and said, Why are
you giving this away?' he replied that
! he had purchased it from a gentleman
he knew to be an honest man the day
previous for $50. He stated that the
gentleman was 'on spree and re-
fused 10 pawn the stone but would sell
1t to him or anybody elese for $50
took the stone and thought would play
a joke on some of the sports who ara
always Kidding me on my prices
The nrst man | met on entering the
hotel was Jim Shavis. You all know
Jim. and what cynical. close chap he
is. Thinks l, here is a chance to break
his heart. / produced the stone. and he
examined it critically. As he was about
to contemptuously hand 1T back. ne
asked. How much for this yellow head
light?' | promptly answered. 'S125 Jim,
It's i bargain. I nearly fell dead when
he dropped the stone in his. pocket and
handed me the price named I valued
1t at $50 and would not take cent
less for 1t in serious trade. But Jim
had the stone. and that settled it.
He lost it. however, in a funny way.
but got his money back 1t appears, jim
got bad turn. and soaked the stone for
$3.50. with his favorite uncle. The de-
tectives called on him one morning
shortly after. and invited him to Head
quarters. There was the pawpbroker,
and there was also the stone. The pawn
broker stated, of course that Jim pawn
ed the stone. When questioned by the
chief. Jim told where he got it. and in
turn. stated where l purchased it. This
second pawnbroker was called In. and
gave the gentlemans name from whom
he purchased it, for s60
1T then developed that the stone was
ore of 4 pair worn by the gentleman's
wife as earrings. She was sent for. and
Identified the stone. producing its mate,
and stating that she had paid a we'll
known jeweler $50 for the stones and
earrings. OF course. she got the stone
back l paid Jim his SIPS, the pawn
broker paid me the sl25 gave him for
1t. The $50 he gave the gentleman made
him stand to lose just that amount, and
I never learned II he got 1t back
The Washington times., 1902-09-21
~ HEN Abe Miller. of Curveton,
NM succeeded in resigning his
~ position as postmaster at

vr YHEN Abe Miller. of Curveton,
NV succeeded in resigning his
position as postmaster at
that peaceful village few
months arp. he thought he was done
with notoiSety But Miller had achieved
such prominence during the thirteen
years he licked stamps at Curveton that
he cannot hope to sink at once into OBJ
security. It may be remarked in pass
ing that Curveton is town in name
only. but the country In that vicinity is
SO thickly populated that the Govern
ment many years ago concluded to es-
tablish a postoffice for the benefit Of
the community. The railroad makes a
curve near the Miller homestead and
the Office was accordingly named
"Curveton.' The juxtaposition ofsthe
Miller residence to the curve suggested
the propriety of making Miller postmas-
ter. The appointment was made, and
for several years the postmaster per-
formed his duties faithfully and to the
entire satisfaction OF the PATRONS.
For awhile the novelty of opening the
mail sack daily. reading postal cards and
sorting the letters before the admiring
neighbors was a satisfactory compensa-
ton. in addition to the princely salary
of $40 year allowed by the Government.
The stamp sale did not increase. how
ever. and as Miller had other work to do,
the position of Government servant
palled upon the genial postmaster.
+. He decided to resign, and after due de-
liberation he wrote out his resignation
and forwarded it to the department APP
parently this unexpected step made no
perceptibie stir in Washington and, after
a year or two had dragged by without an
acknowledgement Of the resignation, |
Miller mailed another. Still he heard |
nothing, and he finally discovered that it |
was q hard matter to let go of the place
He resigned at regular intervals when
ever he could spare STAMP from ihe /
days sales and, as last resort, he I'm
portuned an official in high favor. declar-
Ing that as that o1Rcial had never done
The Washington times., 1902-09-21
Many Kinds of Boots,
mail agent didn't kick mail pouch into
the Miller dooryard.

mail agent didn't kick, a mail pouch into
the Miller dooryard
Curvetoa, it should be understood
consists only of the Miller house, and
thousands of people have strolled
through the town without suspecting
its proximity. Notwithstanding the
facts in the case, is impossible to
convince the outside world that Curve
ton is not big city. The name and
fame of Miller, the postmaster, went
abroad until his name became familiar
rot only in Washington, but also in
Chicago and New York. His feelings
may be appreciated, therefore, when
he received letter from a New York
theatrical manager Saturday. asking
for an "open date" in Curveton, to
present "a Warm Match"
Wanted a Guarantee.
Tho letter was addressed to '"Abe
Miller, business manager Of the Curve
ton opera house." and was signed
Crimmins & Gore, per Dan Crimmins.
The writer stated that the attraction
would be in Logansport January 1
and that it would be convenient to
play the following night at Curveton.
provided Miller would guarantee a $3.50
house and be satisfied with twenty
pc. cent/of the gross receipts.
Crimmins further volunteered the
information that "A Warm Match" is
the greatest mirth producer of the
year. and will throw Curve.on into
of laughter The company
consists of eighteen high class artists"
and Crimmins says that it is idle to
think of 9laying to less than $3.50.
May Use the Barn.
Miller has about concluded to date
the Warm Match to play in his barn.
Not since the town was named have
there been eighteen people in Curveton
at one time. If the show is a success
a street carnival will he given. 1t is
quite possible. too. that with the prom
lse of better things next winter n
Fourth of July celebration will be
pulled off. Miller confidently predicts
that interurban companies will be |
after Curyeton franchises before the
end Of the year.
The Washington times., 1902-09-21

sometimes needs the ready money ant
will knock eff generous per cent for
spot cash.
Then again, Mr.. Goldman saves, as
stated, all the expenses OF the average
jeweler shop, and, with the exception
of the extra shoe leather he wears in
his presentations around town, he is
absolutely at no other expense in do
ing a volume of business variously es-
timated at from $4,000 to s10O, 900 per
annum.
Louis is an unobtrusive individual. an
impressive talker in his line of busi-
The Washington times., 1902-09-21

ness. however, and as gentle as the
'proverbial lamb.
1t Is estimated in cold blooded way,
by sports wearing their last summers s
Manhattaus that Mr.. Goldman clears
up enough race weeks to retire him for
the balance of the season. But Mr..
Goldman is not of the retiring kind, AMI
he makes his daily rounds the 365 days
of the year. When he is in the vein,
which he usually is. as he Is habitually
sweet tempered and seductive. Louis
The Washington times., 1902-09-21

all, yet Cresceus does not require them.
Neither does he wear tendon boots nor
elbow boots. The former protect the
back tendons of the front legs. below
the knees, and are usually made In COM
bination with shin boots protecting the
Inside of the sensitive cannon bone. Ell
bow boots are soft leather shields, lined
with lambs wool, for protecting the
points of the elbows when horses having
excessive knee action touch themselves
with their toes at this point. They are
held in place by elastic suspenders
passing over the shoulders and around
the neck and by straps encircling the
forearms.
Many Kinds of Boots.
Most boots are made of hard leather.
to withstand hard knocks. and are lined
with buckskin. kerseysor some other soft
material to prevent chafing. Horses that
merely brush themselves are frequently
fitted out with all kersey or felt boots.
but some of the hard hitters require the
most effective protection it is possible
TO provide, and for these, steel plates
are sometimes introduced between the
outside leather and the soft lining. One
of the latest wrinkles for these hard hit
The Washington times., 1902-09-21

anything to get him into Office the least
he could do was to help him get out.
Not until the introduction of free mail
delivery did Miller succeed in resigning.
the department having decided to- abol-
The Washington times., 1902-09-21

ish the office. Thus, after nearly four
teen years experience in the postofilce
business. Miller stepped out, and for
days he watched the coming and going of
the trains blissfully joyful because the