davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12
4 TEN-MILLI0N-D0LLHR BOOK,
A STRANGE CHATTER IN OUR UNWRTTEN HISTORY |

would take them to the Southwest-as
lear as possible to the golden valley.
There were grave consultations in
the cabinet of President Pierce. Our
former commissioners at Guadalupe
ceived by an incorrect map when they
termined to apply to Mexico for a fur
Their cession of the utterly worthless
land. How much would be required to
insure the inclusion of the golden val
ley no one knew; but to be safe, a strip
nearly as large as the state of ILL
noiS was to be asked for. The ignorant
Mexicans, knowing nothing of the gold
en- valley, would, of course, sell the
land cheap, as it was worthless for
man or beast.
+ But the crafty MeXicans were not
slow to perceive the real anxiety and
determination of the American minis
ter. They had traded off a desolate
Pacific coast, only to find within few
months later that it was a gold field of
priceless value. They would not be
so foolish second time. Ten millions
of dollars, in 1858, was an incredible
sum. Yet the MeXicans would not
abate one daigt of it on any account.
The preteXt of a misunderstanding
of an incorrect map, used at the
treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo-WaS urg-
ed in a menacing manner but all to no
purpose.
In it's sober senses no government
would have paid such a price for
strip of desert without even stragetic
position 10 recommend it, But the
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12

marked results. This is particularly
true of the unions in ST. Paul. The
local unions grow hand in hand with
the national movement.
The beginnings of the labor move
ment in st. Paul were very quiet. For
a long time the organizations were
semi secret societies, and the members
kept their doings strictly private. 1t
was not until the organizations be-
came strong that they came before the
public as champions of the cause OF
labor The meetings were conducted
with all the formalities of secret So
cieties, and the members were enjoin-
ed against disclosing the proceedings.
The public sentiment was not as favor
able to the principle of trade unionism
as it is today and the precautions
which We're observed were found nee
essary for the preservation of the Or
ganization. But as the unions gained
strength, and as they came forth and
boldly declared their purposes and
aims, it became to be generally real
lied that they were powerful agents
for good. The unions had to perseVere
against elements within as we'll as
forces without that retarded their
progress. The working men did not all
at first understand the purposes of the
unions, and did not see the practical
results that would accrue from mem
bership in them. Gradually, however,
the working men have come to see
that in the union of labor rests the
salvation of the wage Garner.
Early History Is Obscure.
The early history of the trade unions
of st. Paul is involved in obscurity. A
few unions were formed, but no record
has been kept, and the members have
been scattered. Several of the pres
ent unions, however, are the descend
ants of these pioneers, and there are
still many of the old-timers in the city.
AS nearly as can be ascertained the.
cigarmakers, the printers, the locomo-
tive engineers and firemen, conductors,
carpenters, painters and bricklayers
were among the first to establish
unions that have continued since their
formation. Many of these have. been
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12
Great Growth OF Labor Unions

on their customers for goods to be
given in exchange for cigars. Grocers
would give groceries-to the cigarmak-
er and his help insreturn for supplies
Of cigars. Single men would be given
orders upon hotels for board and room.
This system proved very vexatious to
the men, and the first effort of the
union was to abolish it. The struggle
was hard, but success attended the
union. The union has been through
many strikes and lock-outs since then,
and, though it has seen considerable
adversely, it's condition at the present
time is very prosperous.
Many Pioneers Have Gone.
The history of the majority of the
unions is not marked with any partic-
ularly striking events The growth has
been slow, but sure. During the last
ten years the number Of unions has
doubled, and the membership of the
old unions has been in all cases in
creased over so per cent. The begin
ming OF the movement that has carried
the unions forward dates back to the
early SOS. At that time there were
several active union workers, to whose
efforts the present condition of the
unions is due. Following the organi-
Zat1on of the Trades and Labor assem-
bly,, in 1884, the work of organization
became more general, and was con-
Quoted in harmony with the federation.
Many of the old leaders have left the
city and some have left the world.
George A. Lafayette was one of the
most distinguished workers at that
time in organizing unions. He was an
enthusiastic champion of the principle
of unionism, and was indefatigable
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12

in his efforts to advance its cause. He
was a convincing speaker, and would
gather numbers of men from each
trade and harangue them on the neces-
sity Of having an organization. He was
in a manner. a stump speaker in the
cause of trade unions. He and Thomas
Ward WorkedS together. Lafayette
would gather together a number of
men. and would talk to them, and Tom
Ward would make arrangements for
the organiza ton. He Would tell the
papers, and would advise them as to
the procedure to be observed in con-
Quoting the organization. In this way
a large number of unionsJ was form
ed and reorganized..
Strong Central Organization.
The Trades and Labor assembly was
organized n@18S4, being made up OF
REPRESENTATIVES of the unions existing
at that time. It was uphill work. for a
time to secure harmony among the
many unions, but with the lapse of
time and with the advance of the
unions they realized that a central
body to council on the affairs of all
was necessary. The assembly has
gradually attained the influence it now
Yields. Among the prominent mem
berS OF the trades ana LABOR Assembly
were Frank Casserly, James Morrow,
M. J. Daily, E. c. Eyes, Frank Valesch,
John Fisher and others.
In 1899 the Building Trades council
was formed and it has become import
ant in union circles. 1t consists of rep
resentatives of the building trades and
has for it's purpose the advancement Of
the interests of the unions included in
the building trades. !
The early growth of the unions was
handicapped by the friction between
them and the Knights, of Labor, who
were quite strong here for time. The
Knights of Labor was a general work
ingnan's order, representatives of all
trades being admitted to the assem-
blies regardless to- classification. The
trade unions that now prevail here
were opposed to the Knights of Labor,
but the latter have died out, owing to
several reasons.
There are now in st. Paul nearly one
hundred unions, including the building
trades, the miscellaneous crafts, and
the railroad machinists, blacksmlthS,
boilermakers, engineers, ffremen, con-
ductors and trainmen. There is a total
of about ten thousand union men in
st. Paul, and the number is rapidly in
creasing.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12

The growth of labor unions in st.
Paul and in all parts of the United
States has been marked by many vi
cissftudes The difficulties attending
the organization of labor and the de-
velopment of the. unions have been
the same here as in all parts of the
country. The beginning of every
movement, whether the foundation OF
a government, q religious denomina-
ton, or q trade union, is beset within
and without by elements that must be
conquered before success may be at
tanned. The phenomenal growth of
unionism is to be attributed to the ne
cessity for it's existence. Workingmen
realize now more than ever before
that if they are to have the rights they
deserve they must demand them, and
that if their demands are to be grant
ed they must organize In order to en-
force them. The popularity of hu-
man nature which establishes the in
equalities of society is responsible for
the imperfect and often hostile rela-
tons that exist between employer and
employee, resulting in the advent of
trade unions.
The trade union has, during the past
quarter of a century, become an i'm
portant factor in the economic life Of
the world. Though organization among
the laboring classes is known to have
existed as far back as ancient Hebrew
and Roman times, and though the craft
guilds of the middle ages played an
important part in the history of the
period, it was not until the middle Of
the last century that the movement
which has now become so general first
began. Unions among several of the
trades had been organized to a certain
extent before then. but no important
results were accomplished. The tail
ors organized in 1903, and the print
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12
CANCEL FOOD" CAUSE
OF SWEET ROMANCE
If Marriage Is Made In Heaven, Range
Oven Had Something to Do with
Prof. Richison's.

KOKOMO, Ind, Oct. 11.-"Angel Food"
that white, sponge-lilSe substance one sees
at church festivals. has come into it's in
heritance at last. When a, romance came
to it's proper climax here With marriage.
the happy bridegroom and the bride voted
unanimously that 'angel food was re-
SponSible ~
The young woman who was Miss Ida
Beadle, of Lockbridge, Ill, recently con-
tributed a recipe for the delicacy to a
hands of Prof w. H Richison, of New
London, Ind He hats a sweet tooth and
he decided to construct a cake accord
ing to the specifications laid down by Miss
Beadle. 1t was a great success and as
the pedagogIe sat in his Bachelor den nib
bling at the dainty cake which he had
made. the thought came to him that life
would be better worth the living if he had
some one to make angel food for him.
He seized his pen and within a few
hours Miss Beadle received a letter
breathing of love and "angel food She
answered the letter; others were ex-
changed, as well as photographs and
other recipes for delicate morSels which
both knew how to make. and then came
their meeting at Kokomo. If there was
any doubt about the professor being
pleased with Miss Beadle is disappeared
when she opened lunch basket and
presented cake of ''angel food of her
own building They hurried TO the Of
fee of Dr. j. NJ Maulder. and there the
Rev c. w. Choate, pastor of the Con-
gregational church. made them man and
wife PROF. Richison is provided with
angel fooo' for life.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12
ers in 1881, from which time the ten
dency has spread.

ers in 1881, from which time the ten
dency has spread.
Came From the East.
In the '60s and '70s, when st. Paul
began to develop, the principle of trade
unionism was brought here from the
East, and since then, with the increase
in the population and business activ-
ity of the city, the unions have grown
to the proportions they have now as
Sumed.
The local unions have come into eX-
istence and have grown with the gen.
eral me Vements, embracing all the arts
and crafts, and has spread throughout
the United States and Canada The
first attempt at the formation of ma
tional organization was made by the
Knights of Labor who, in the '70s and
SOS were a powerful body. The
Knights of Labor sprang from an Or
ganization Of garment workers in Phil
adeIphia. A small body got together
and formed an organization which was
a strict secret society, having for its
purpose the general improvement of
the condition of it's members. The
purposes of the order were more gener-
al than are those of the unions now
in vogue, which have for their purpose
more particularly the Improvement Of
labor conditions, the securing OF just
wage scales and the maintenance of
satisfactory hour limits. The Knights
of Labor rapidly extended and soon
embraced other trades besides the orig
inal organizers. This organization adj
mitted to the local assemblies repre-
sentatives of all crafts and did not
separate the various trades into indi-
vidual unions. The Federation of
Labor, with which the local unions
are affiliated, was organized in 1881,
and has superseded the Knights of La
Dor. The latter organization still eX-
lists in the East, but has only a few
thousand members, while the former
has now a membership estimated to
be close to three million. 1t embraces
eighty-seven national and inteTnation-
al unions, 927 city central labor unions,
twenty state declarations of labor 399
federated labor unions and $50 local
unions.
Growth Is Very Rapid.
The rapid growth of these unions is
rendered strikingly apparent when it is
remembered that twenty years ago the
unions We're small, and in but few
cases strong enough to accomplish
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12

statesmen at Washington had read
THE Wood Rangers" and We're excit-
ed. A treaty was rushed through. The
"Gadsden Purchase" was affected by
our minister at Mexico, Mr.. James
Gadsden, with whom no fault whatever
can be found, and the purchase money
was paid. The golden valley, it is
unnecessary to state, has never been
discovered. The delightful surprise
which the statesmen were to spring
upon the country has not been sprung.
There has been, instead, a silence deep,
profound and lasting. The statesmen
of that day have been gathered to
their fathers. Bellemare has long since
passed away, and his novel is forgotten.
Perhaps it is just as well that the en-
barrassing secret history of the Gads-
den Purchase has been kept so long.
In 1860, Mayne Reid translated the
novel of Bellemare into English, i'm
parting to it his clever literary style.
By many it is supposed to be his own
book. 1t is well worth reading, even
at this day, and independently of its
interest as a factor in the history of
q great nation.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12
MISS SHANNON ON STAGE HUSBANDS.

suitability to the special scene-have
you ever noticed that no actress at
temptS an emotional scene with her
hat on? In fact so many things have
to be considered that suitability in
conventional scene seems to be the
least of them. Take the gown in ques-
ton. 1t is pale blue house gown and
over it is worn a pale blue coat. The
scene is a dark one and that makes the
light color necessary. A black or gray
coat would not do at all. 1 wanted a
nlauVe coat and gown for that scene
for personally I detest pale blue. You
see, I'm blonde and when l was a lit
tie girl they always dressed me in pink
or blue. 1 grew to detest the colors
and I dislike them to this day But
the girl who plays the part Of Mrs.
Larrabee in the play wanted mauve so
I selected pale blue.
She Didn't Get Mauve.
and after ALL" plaintively "she
didn't get mauve. I had another dis
appointment in regard to that cos
tune continued Miss Shannon renlin-
iscently Il originally intended the
coat to be a shade darker than the
gown but we could not get the shade
desired so the coat was made up in the
same color That is the reason why
dress and coat, 1 suppose, look like one
garment.
Naturally I do not care very much
for my part in Sherlock Holiness 1t is
such tiny part. But you see last sea-
son in Her Lord and Master" I had
the lions share of the work, and turn
about, you know, is fair play. 1t is
considered rank heresy though for
player to say she doesn't like the role
she happens to be playing. That is
why I never dared to say 1 disliked the
role 1 played in The Moth and the
Flame 1 put lots of work into that
part but it seemed to be loves labor
lost. Both Mr.. Kelley and were COM
PEELED to play directly against the SYM
pathy of the audience, because L
persisted in clinging to the villain after
| had learned he was a villain, and he,
because he was that william. ! detest
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12

reorganized several times, but the
nucleus of them has run through the
successive organizations.
The printers had a union as early as
1864, but the organization was weak,
owing to the small membership. The
printing trade was then not as much in
demand as it is today The newspapers
were small, and the job offices were
few. The union was probably dissolved,
for, in 1876 and again in 1882, it was
reorganized The last organization is
the one from which dates the begin
ming of the present organization. Since
then the union has continued to grow
in numbers and strength. Some of the
men that have been conspicuous in the
union movement among the printers
have been c. T. Kelly, William Lynch,
M. j. Kelly, r. S. McNamee, M. F.
Kahn, E. G. Ives, d. D. Long, Ross Mil
Ter and T. F. Thomas. The old union
used to meet in q hall in the building
on the corner of Third and Cedar
street. The union has been through
several strikes which have generally
concluded satisfactorily.
Cigarmakers Started in 1864.
The cigarmakers We're first organized
in 1864, but dissolved and were reor-
ganized in December, 1879. The char
ter OF the present union is dated Jan.
5, 1880. In the fall of 1879 a few of
the cigarmakers got together and talk
ed over the project of reorganizing the
union, and as result the organization
was completed. Some of the movers
at that time were Henry Camen, who
was the first president; Thomas Nc
Ginnis, Fred Stein and Henry Feyder.
The old union used to meet in Lieder-
kranz hall, corner of Ninth and Ex-
change. The headquarters were sub
sequently removed to Gray's hall, 70
East Seventh street, and again to the
present Federation hall, in 1894. In
1880, not long after the organization
was completed the union passed
through a strike that threatened to
cause its dissolution. The cigar man
ufacturers at that time used what was
called the truck SYSTEM. By this
system, instead of paying their help in
cash, they would give the men orders
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12

Williams both on and off the stage. I
wonder" the pretty blonde woman
leaned back and clasped her hands be-
hind her head in retrospective fashion,
why men who treat women in the
shabbiest fashion, abuse them, lie to
them, i'll treat them in every way are
considered good fellows" by other
men on and off the stage. 1t seems de-
testable to me.
Only Had One Stage Husband.
"Some one asked me the other day."
said Miss Shannon abruptly dropping
the subject of villains for the more in
teresting one of heroes, what I
thought of stage husbands and which
variety of stage husbands I liked the
best. That question led to a discovery
that rather surprised me. During all
my career on the stage [ have never
played the part of a married woman
except in the play last season, Her
Lord and Master" Of course 1 have
been engaged and the curtain has fall
en- on promises of future bliss. Three
times I even have been led to the altar
but alas, only to have the drop curtain
cut off all chance for stage matrimo-
NAL experiments. Last season my
stage husband was a hectoring indi-
vidual. He said do this and I meekly
did it, Oh, there was a little rebellion,
Of course, to make the plot OF the story
but in the end l yielded and obeyed.
But 1 think one reason why that play
was successful-at least We had large
audiences-was because the hero was
masterful. Don't you think that is the
kind of husband women like-not only
stage women but all women? Sherlock
Holmes, the character Mr.. Kelley is
playing now, is quite a different sort.
He's not a woman's man at all. He's
: I think ME-. Gillette has succeeded very
cleverly in keeping before the audience
the utter lack of romance in the great
detectives nature and while still max
ling him most lovable creation. Per-
sonally I cannot fancy Sherlock
Holmes as a married man. l don't
think he should marry or become en-
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12
A Grand Success.

The story of a Scotchman who attended
a funeral which lasted two days, is told
by Norman q. Mack. of Buffalo. On the
second day. having imbibed too freely, he
rose and proposed the health of the bride
and groom.
A friend urged him to sit down, saying.
'',This is not wedding; it Is a funeral"
well" retorted the Scotchman. what
ever 1t is. it's a grand success. New
York Times.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12

Miss Efie Shannon objects to what
T e G / o b e said in regard to the
costume she wears in the third act of
Sherlock Holmes" The scene of this
act is laid in the deserted gas house.
The review of the play stated that Miss
Shannon's gown appeared to be a cross
between a lounging robe and a tea
gown-a costume unsuited to a mid
night visit to a deserted gas house in
a desolate part of London
In her selection of gowns an actress
has to consider so many things" said
Miss Shannon yesterday with reproach
in her big blue eyes and pathos in her
voice. She has to consider the color
in connection with the stage setting
and she has to consider the gowns
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12

gagged even on the stage. But an au-
dience demands romance, sentiment in
a play and no playwright has ever been
discovered courageous enough to re-
fuse that demand"
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12
He Had 4 Snap.

so you ran across Dingbat in New
York. did you? Has he a good position
there?'
"Ie had when I saw him last. He
was sitting in hammock with the daugh-
ter of a big banker. - Chicago Tribune.
Grant County herald. [volume] (Lancaster, Wis.) 1850-1968, 1902-06-12
WARMING UP A GOLD HORSE,
How the Farmer Got a Fast Gait Out
of His Old Nag.

81 picked up something new in nat
ural philosophy the other day." said
the commission man who had been out
among his farmer customers. 81 was
hanging about village when noticed
a farmers horse shivering with the
cold as he was tied to a post. I was
feeling to pity the animal when the
owner came out and heaped snow on
it's back.
"'Why in the name of common sense
do you do that? asked.
If you were real cold, what would
you do? he queried in reply.
"'I'd take run and warm up I re-
piled.
cts the same way with a horse.
It's drive Of six miles home, and
want to make it in twenty minutes.
This old nag will dig in for the first
three miles to warm up, and after that
the whip will keep him going. He's
ready to start now, and you watch my
smoke
''E+ was a complete success" con-
tinued the commission man. ''The old
horse was shivering from nose to tail