The evening times. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1895-1902, 1902-07-02


such as tobacco. ccHec. cocoa, sugar
and marganese-hsve fallen in value in
the markets CT the world. It now costs
the producer mere - gather many CT his
products and get them 10 market than
he can hope to receive. while the money
he obtains buys little, If any, more than
was the case when it was worth half its
present geld value and he received
more than double his present paper
price
Collecting Revenue.
In the matter Of exchange and revenue
collection. the policy of the federal and
state governments is SO at variance IS
10 demand more than passing notice
The federal government desires &c in
crease the value OF the paper milreis
and is trying TO bring about this result
/ by. constantly decreasing the volume Of
( paper money in circulation, and making
( provision by the p per cent Of customs
collected IN gold. for sufficient OF that
metal with which to meet promptly the
interest On the public debt; by buying IN
/ the railroads 90 which the government
/ had guaranteed interest charges. by
/ leasing. whCre. possible. these railroads
/ thus considerably reducing the interest
I charges upon the bonds of purchase; by
cutting davn running expenses, and
( drally, by imposing additional taxes TO
/ increase the receipts and create q sur
Plus with which 10 pay OF old obiiga-
/ tons. This policy IS depended upon to
! improve the governments credit
J TIE greatest sources OF income are the
+ customs duties and the internal revenue
taxes, Eaish have now been increased,
SO as 10 fall upon almost all articles Of
/ consumption.
The federal government argues that,
although the effect Of this increased eE-
change nay be detrimental for the mo-
mont. cu-reuCy in specie, convertible
into notes. VIII create a permanent
credit abroad and G5tracr foreign capital
Tor Investment and the sooner the gov
eTEuElt can bring about this condition
the better il viii De Tor all concerned.
It further argues that, though the in
ternai taxes may be ardUCUs. yet they
are Deedful 10 Increase the. revenue and
make receipts meet expenditures.
over EEreE-5CuIJhs Of the revenue Of
the state OF Bahia and one-f0Urth CT
that ca tee city of Bahia are collected
IS an export tx. The ether fourth Of
the states revenue is derived from
taxes on professions. businesses. etc.
ard the stamp tax on legal documents;
the remaining th-Ge-f9u-ths of the city s
revenue comes from various sources
Export Duties.
The state and city are always depend
ezt on the valve of the paper milreis, as
the export duty is fixed per cent
charge on the market value Of the prod
yet exported. ANY increase in exchange
causes @ retJse-ica il the paper uilreis
value of articles for export. and this.
consequently. lessons state and city
revenues. The duty charges are fixed
each year: but during the past few
years. With The upward tendency Of eZ-
change ana the rise n value OF The pa
per nliIreis from II to % cents, the
amount actually collected has fallen Ear
shcrs o. the innate The export duties
Of the state were already buTdensoIne
VIXEN the uaDar-miI-eis value Of the cx-
ports was double what il now is, yet
with the lowering Of THAI value, the
duties har= been increased. uGtH now
they are at the J0Dmost notch in some
cases being q Fer cent ad valorefn-
The decrease OF revenue, as q result
OF kfzh exchange. has forced the state
AID city governments 10 seek additional
sources OF income. which have been oU-
tanned from taxes on articles. profess
sfons. and other things which heretofore
have been exempt There IS no hope for
better conditions ul-l either exchange
becomes sread5e- and prices are equal
lied or Until there IS q resumption q
specie payment
F-eiqht Rates.
The frafrb. rates out Of Bahia cen
anue 10 be pooled, these lines carrying
freight to View York and those going
70 SOUTHAMPTON. Liverpool, and Ham
burg being combined. j IS impossible
20 give actual rates, as some large
shippers obtain considerable rebate. IN
deed. 70 such an etzeat is this true that
] have heard Of shippers who frequently
control the macIat because. they car
.av foreign delivery prices fer products
their grrlt cE the business being tEs
freight rebate.
haze frerHeutIy pointed out fhl
Necessity for an American line Of steam
ers TOT Brazilian ports. and year aJ
3 year tho need [gT sUcG q line becomes
- more i-re-al5TC-
AT present there is but enc line o.
steamers from here 10 the J-ftld states
) and -e-zht rates are FAR in excess O.
those from Eur-cuc 10 Brazil
Mail Service.
There IS always some complaint abcu'
the mail service 10 ard from HE United
states. independents Of the zlowuess e.
Tire regular boats. she arrival q ms
mali is most e-ratIc and often causes
/ merchants considerable Inconvenience
and expense. For instance, frequently
Of late a supplemental mail has beel
dispatched from New York, via some
; Brazilian port. 2 week in advance Of In,
regular boat ana has arrived here mann
taays after tie regular boat Ia scI'
instances. this has caused loss O.
#uouey 10 the merchant whose con5I-al
invoice and bills OF iadinE, etc, cGUgh
the first boat, while His goods we're q
the second boat ana had to be put i
warehouse and pay storage and CrheI
{ additional charges awaiting arrival O
the necessary documents.
promp. mail service is necessary
{ for any kind of business. particularly
when competition IS as keen as ii nov
IS between Europe and the United
States
Progress OF Railroads.
No new railroads have been started
during the year. but considerable prog