davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08

KEoKUK. Ia. Aug. Es-sThs general home
missionary board OF the synod Of North
America. German Evangelical church. con-
|cluded q three daye' session here and ad-
iourned sine die. The position Of travelling
secretary was declined BY Rev. II. stam-
mer and Was nlled BY the election Of Rev.
;. BaIiser Of 81. Louis, nov presiding ON
Ger Of the board. and taken under advise
ment b. hin for ten days to consult his con-
glssation a. st. Louis. Contingent on hts
acceptance Rav, Samuel Kruse Of sapping-
ton. 10. was elected a member Of the board,
as the two positions are incompatible undel
the fulss. and Rev. z. A. Keller Of nvans-
vile. lad. was named far presiding ofhcer,
with hev. y. Nutsck Of keokuk 81 seere-
tary. vice Keller. II Rev. Baltrer declines
the position Of travelling secretary q meet
ing Of the full board viii be called TO rear
range the ofices again. Rev. w Hickman
OF 81, Joseph, NO. was elected treasurer d
the general hoard. vice Rev. @. Haas Of Do
troll, resigned. The mission fun was APP
portioned among the eighteen pecssheE IN
thirtssn states. II vas decided 10 hold all
future meetings at tbs Edom college build
Ing. st. Louis.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08

The Wsterieo ~neWspspsEs snnounes tbs
eomplatiQn OF Black Hawk countya new
300. 90 court house.
Harvey has suffered q bad loss BY nre IN
. Destruction Of th4 Johnson Harness
Manufacturing companys building and conr
tents. me origin y = mystery and incehdi-
ariem II limited strongly.
Council blufia Eonpareil; Here's . pre-
dlcament Up IA tho Sixteenth judicial
district the chairman OF the democratic
committee u the republican nominee tor
tudge and oemQcrecy y wondering how =
viii issue 9 call for 3 judicial convention.
IN the 9bsenee Of the family. the hne
badly damaged BY IRE, the origin OF which
z unkhown. The loss la estimated At 1900.
lullg covered ~ ineurance. None Of the
nemhera Of he family were at home AZ the
Davenport Demoerati At P~ocahontas. Ia.
Harry Gilbert, who was awaiting the ac-
county ian through the roof, He Is not
understood % have continued his night IN
that direction. however.
0torEo Adkins. a timer. Of Nonfenuma,
Attempted 70 commit suicide b. hanging In
the jail: He had been on . spree and was
dead This vas hiE fourth attempt 70 KIN
h,meelf. He says Ne Intends to complies
the job IS ncon as he can.
Washington Press; Van Buren county
aleo lets fairs ale the faath. They have
played out But tWeplg-dye years 20 there
rs netnlns Ssse popular. Insy necsmf
We have often wondered what became of
the BE pumpkin. The EVERLASTING ottoman
cover the eternal Quilt. the neurotic Worka
q Art on The WaI. No matter. the colossal
boFe has sope into tnnoeuous denpelu4e.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08
-DR. HEARpsHEAR Isl An resi-
Hu.areds Attend Hmpresssve Funerul
Services % Dead lows College
rrssfasnt

AMrs. n. AUG. ~7.-CspecIai releeram)-
The funeral Of Or. Beardshear was held q
the college today. The body lay in state
from 10 to ~ this forenoon. Hundred
from Amsu and the vicinity and prominent
visitors viewed the remains. which lay IN
q casket In the residence, attended By tive
i~oallegs cadet cfaosrn IN full uniform.
The services began at si1s ,. N. and were
conducted By Dr. o. II. Cessna. who spoke
Of the essential elements Of Dr. Beardshear'r
character and the causes Of success IN hit
life. the olements that made hlm prominent
- an educator. Dr. nookwalter gave a brief
sketch Of his life. Music was furnished By !
quartet composed Of Prof. Resler, Eidon
Usry. Misses King and Rene, Who sang
Jesus. Lover Of Ny Soul. = at IL We'll with
Ny Soul" Rock Of AEes," when Peace,
Like = River" and Sweet Bye and Bye
Tho body was taken TO the cemetery on a
funeral car drawn BY six black horses, each
led b. = college cadst eficer IN uniform
II. p. Ashby. wayne DinsmUre, Claude
Campbell. D. Hauser. A. Gray and Charles
Gray. The palIhearers we're uniformed on
eers-Rush Lincoln. %. ". nay, J. Frank
Cessna. Earl Buchanan. Forrest overholser
anc John Wright. The family followed the
funeral In carriages, after which followed
the honerary peIlhearers. Judge Kline.
Judge stevens. Prof. Marstop ana W.. M.
'GreeIsy. Amss: !. q. HunroTsord Of Carroll.
.prealdsnt Of the board OF trustees. johnson
BRIGHAM. state librarian: Prof. Zoos. iowa
city. and w. R. BOYD. cedar Rapids. After
these followed the faculty. friends ana Wis.
.itors. FULLY s.o6o psopie were A. 4he Gem.
etery.
The bier on the vsranda was banked with
palms ana cut Sewers. the faneral car wes
drnued IN blaoh ana the elaau corer.d wtlh
smslax. and the wheels with arbervItae. CUE
nowerna ana floral DESIGNS were heaped about
the easkst.
In aecordance with 4he wisheu of Dr
Bs~ardshssr. As was buried IN Z hsd Of aov.
era. The crave was lined wIth sni,ar ca.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08


AS the Board Of Edueation haa declined ia
accept the responsibility Of paying his bll
for the grading OF the property on Oakland
avenue which was originally selected a. ths
site for the new High school building, y. A.
Wickham yesterday commenced suit IN the
district court 70 recover the ssaz.ss which
he claims 10 due him. b grading was
done In 1899. and IN addiiinn to the inde-
pendent school district OF Council Bluffs. the
Individual membeEb Of the hoard at that
time are made party defendsnta TO The suit.
The members Of the board that year we're
Jacob Sims, president; J. '. Stewart. J. P.
Hess, ]. X. Cooper, Charles awaine and s.
r. Henry. OF the number Up. Hess alone
IL at present . member Of the board.
on April II. 1889. the. Board OF Education
$500 49, n-AlarA e~anua, nroner4v a the
site for the new High schoo' brildine ana
at the same meeting authorised the presi-
dent. Jacob Sims. 70 enter into q contract
with Wseknam tor grading the property at
(President sims) wa& setiaaed that the
school district could secure = COED title to
the property Mr.. sims settp9ed himself on
this point and. acting under fne;authcrits
granted him By the board. entered into q
verbal contract With WickhkuA <
Then snsued ! long drawn QUE ecntro-
yersy over the site for tho reH High achooi
Certain citizens who objected to the Oakland
avenue location appealed IRON The action Of
the school board 70 the county nuperin-
tendent. md from him the case was appealed
to the state superintendent, who finally
ruled against the Oakland avenue site. and
the school wss anaily built on the street
slta At Firth avenue and Third Otrest.
According 70 Mr.. sims report to the board,
made a year after the contract had been let.
the under stendinH between. him and Wick
ham was that in the event OF the title 70 the
property proving detective the school ais
lrIct WAS not to Be called upon 70 pay for
the grading. The litigation over the site
ensued before any opportunity was had 70
settle the question Of the title % the scnool
district never actually assumed possession
o. the property.
Wickham has from time 70 time preeented
his bill to the hoard without securing any
action on II until 81 the last session, when
the board. on being pressed 70 take some
action. reteetsd 4.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08

Deputy City Marshal Hans Petersen.
who had Desn EertsusIy I'll for the last
month. died yesterday morning at his resi-
dence. 1895 Third avenue, aged 81 years
He had been . resident Of Council Bluffs
and served on the police force during
Mayor earson'e Administration Mayor
Morgan % being elected appointed him :
deputy city marshal. whlch position he
held At the time OF his death. Ills wife.
four daughters and one son survive him.
He was 9 member Of the Ambient Order Of
United Workmen. which II Is expected win
take oharaa Of the funeral arrahGemenla.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08
Harvesting in south dakota.

SIOUX FALLS. S. D., Aug. 7.-(speciai.)E
Wheat harvest Is now practically completed
IN the south half Of the state and In the
northern half is being pushed to the ut
most Many fields OF early Eown wheat in
the northern part Of the state already are
cut. The hot weather has ripened Grain
90 rapidly that farmers in parts OF the state
where harvest is IN progress arc taking
advantage OF every moment to get the crops
out Of the way before loss results from
Smelling or the severe local storms which
usually visit the state at this season Of the
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08

Mayor u j. SMELL q City Engineer
Charles n. Russell OF Booue. Ia.s wars IN
the city yesterday - . doun'e misaipn.
Boone Il planning TO organize : paid Are
department and Mayor SMELL and City En-
gineer Russell wanted pointers on building
an engine house. They we're shown over
the engine heA ses ~ Chief rempieton and
were especially pleased With afrangemente
Of the house on West Broadway. They also
inspected the brick paving end secured
ngures and pointers from cilx Engineer
Etryre on tAe different kinds Of brick USED
in shis city. Heeae - preparing TO las
some brick pa4ias and tie mayor and city
engineer retpfaed last evening we'll salts
.aed with thesg xi4it and laden with facts
and aeures. 8
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08

SIOUX FALLS. s. D.. Aug. 7.-(specsai
Telegram-)-John Kelly. prisoner in Sioux
Falls penitentlary. who had been acting
Queoriy for several days. succeeded in
eluding the vigilance OF the guards and
made a desperate effort to END his life by
cutting his throat with q piece OF an old
case knife. inftcting serious nd perhaps
fatal injuries upon himself. fg
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08
NEW ROAD FOR SIOUX FALLS
RaiIwny incorporates to
Construct = Line to

PIERRE. s. D.. Aug. T.~-(special Tele-
gram. )-Artscies Of Incorporation were
nled today for the Sioux Falls q Manitoba
railway with . capital Of 1880. 900. Head
quarters are to Be At Sioux Falls- its pur-
pose Il the construction Of q line from Sioux
Falls to Madison, a distance Of hfty miles.
aeer, Joe Kirby, @. N. Root. Sioux Falls.
J. =. Cotton. Cotton. O. W. Macarthur. Brit
ton.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08

Of death. Mr.. 0riebel was 70 years Of
age and had gone to the eemetery 70 NOV
the nrass Oh the grave Of his wife. Get
ting too warm he sat down upon bis wife's
grave and vac found dead seine time after
By passers By. Deceased vas a highly re-
spected resident Of this county where he
has lived for many years.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08

MIS-. Phoebe Ann Rause Cook. mother of
John = Cook o. this city celebrated her
loeih birthday august 3 At the home Of
Ter daughter IN Amboy. M another son,
Samuel Cook. who lives Ia Columbus. Kan
- over 50 years q - John j. Cook fs
Is years Of age and has not seen hio
mother for forty years He Il 4 veteran Of
the Mexican and civil uara he has baon
a resident Of Council Bluffs Tor shirty-axs
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08

Domestic soap u best



A number Of improvements and altera-
lions are being carried out At the Union Pa
cinc Transfer depot. The ticket once will
be removed from It's present location IN tbs
center Of the main building 10 the room In
the northeast corner, which has heretofore
been used as q barber shop. Ths room now
used for s ticket once Is to be remodolsc
for toilet rooms. one whole end Of Il IL
20 be htted NJ Is an once fer The train
men. The registry once and branch poet.
ONCE, which are now located IN the rood
in the southwest wing. will be moved. but
just where has not yet been decided. This
cbanee was recommended BY the depart
meHt ia Washington. The baggage depart
msnt g also 70 be moved 20 a more con-
veniepf location, phiph. however, has not
yet been decided. h Ho6r IN the main
corridor IN the center Of the building Ia
beine torn up and tsplaeed With 3 hard
maple floor
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08

TYNDALLs s. D.. Aug. T.-(epecial)-A
tramp was arrested and taken into custody
BY the city marshal. A fellow by the name
Of Stacey who was assisting the oticer in
making the arrest was badly cut on the
hand by e knife which the tramp was -four
ishing.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08
Republicans to Meet in September.

TYNDALL. s. d. Aug. T.-(speciaI)-
The republican central committee has set
the date Of the county convention ssptem-
Der 81. with the primaries on September "a.
There are many candidates and an interest,"
ing campaign is anticipated.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08
RAISES STATE ASSESSMENT


PIERRE. s, D.. Aug. ~T.--CspecIaI TeIe-
sram)-rhe State Board Of Equalization
and Assessment completed its work today
and took a recess Of ten days.
The total valuation Of the state viii
be increased about $11, 900. 900 over last year,
most OF which is on real estate. There has
been practically no change in assessment Of
railroads.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08


Real, Eatate Transfe4s.
These transfers we're nIed yesterday At he
abstract, title n loan once OF J. v. Squire,
l0l Pearl street;
George G., Hansen aud wife 70 Ceorre
Hansen, lots, block 4 ATiaon'B add
". I. smith and wife TO Prank Blank.
lot T. Forterneid'a aubdiv.. d.. 400
Gwen Mcclure 10 Sisters OF Mercy az
Council HiuffH. lot q, block e.. How
arca add, Council Bfuna. ". 49,. 800
Lula n. poty and husband 10 same.
lot B Howe a Damon'a euhdIv.. ~. a
County treasurer 10 @. ID. Dllfn lots
- 70 70, block 2. Snow q Greens
eupuiNs tax ot-.-.-ta....-.... 6
Same to same, lots S 10 y. block ii
EEoWnae subdiv., and lot %. block fa
Riddles subdiF.. tax d.. I
same 70 same lot 4 block a BRYANT
Cl4rka Gubdir.t iot hlorF
Central subdiv.. lots 14. block 81 and
lot 7 block 29, Ferry add. tax 81.
same % same, lots I to Z block &;
tQt 10 block Is. y lots q & ana 4
block ~ Stutemnn'a add. tax a. u
Same 20 same. lots 10 to IA. block
Snow a Greene subdiv.. tax d....... 3
Nine transfers. total. .Nss
Gravel rooans. A. n. Rsad. 51l broadway.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08
black Hawk Veterans to Meet.

CEDAR FALLS. Ia, Aug. T.-(speciai.)-
The Black Hawk County Veterans anion
has selected September 10 and IL as the
dates for the nrst reunion. The reunion
win be held at Waterloo.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08

Fireman ThorDe Dlss OF injuries.

MARsHALLTowN. Ia. Aug. 7.-Coroner
Lisrie was notified this evening Of the
death Of william Thorpe at Marcy hospital.
Des Moines. Thorpe was the fireman whose
right leg was crushed in the railroad wreck
At Rhodes yesterday afternoon.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08

ST. LOUIS. Aug. IA letter has
been received from John Pice Chandler,
worlds fair commissioners to Central Amer
lea, saying that Minister Ramirez NJ
Nicaragua has stated that his government
will take the utmost advantage Of the
postponemsnt TO 1904 to make a more ex-
tensive and complete exhibit At the worlds
fair.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08

BOONE. Ia. Aus. T.-(speciai Telegram.)
james Hayes OF Chicago. jumped from a
train here today and broke his left leg.
He was taken to the hospital.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08

Health at smaIs Cost.
A few deses Of DR.. Kings New Life pills
Will cleanse. tone and InyiEorate the whole
system. Try them. Only 25c.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08

yssrs and makes HE home With his daush.
ter. Mra l. Van wormer on High street.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08

n you have Lost your nerve ana msmory. ana ana
iife'a pleasures waning, ~ you have insomnia. iori
manhood nocturnal Losses. nervous debility
Aa-o Gruy's Nerve Food ftlls,
These pills feed hungry nerves and rsstorn mental
ana bodily yiEer. pfotont and cars tmpotcncy 10
losses permanentlr.
Price tLeO psr boa. . boxes for Aoe. 6snt hv
kcconnsil Drug Co. Ger. leth aud DsaGa. omah1.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-08-08
KILLS HIMSELF BEFORE WIFE
jealousy the Cause and Letter Indi-
Gates Deed Was Planned
sonc Time AGO.

SIOUX CITY, Ia. Aug, ~7.-(special Tsls-
grem.)-Because he was Jealous. Ben J.
Coleman. formerly Of Armour, s. o.. and
now with the Mccormick Harvesting peo-
pie Of Sioux City. shot himself through
the heart today in the presence OF his
pretty 1s-year-old wife. He died Ave min
utes afterwards. Coleman had Just bought
tickets for his wife and for his mother
in-iaw for Joliet. ILL.,. where Mrs, Cole
was planning to visit for . few weeks.
They were to leave this evening. A letter
found IN his pocket Indicated he had con-
templafed the deed for some time. The
letter was written at Fender. July 20. He
commended his wife to his friends and said
she was the dearest wife man ever had"
Accepts New Waterloo Courthouse.
WATERLOO. Ia. Aug. 7.-(special)-The
Board Of Supervisors inspected the new
courthouse yesterday and accepted II from
tire contractor. The new building takes
tHe Ptscu "a tnv Viu ~sS SsSSsS~ - -S-@-
It Is one Of the iinest buildings OF the kind
in the west. erected at a cost OF 500, 600.
The county ofices will move at once. Sher-
Law has already moved.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-08-26
NORFOLK PEANUTS.
NORFOLK, Aug. %, 1902.
S%tammering Cured.

DIR. G. w. RANDOLPH, of ST. Louis, is
now at Hotel DOrsett, Raleigh, N. c., curing
the worst on earth in two to three
days. He only charges $500 to teach any
to talk all right. He is endorsed
by leading men and papers everywhere. See
or write him at once.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-08-26

For further particulars, tickets,
Pullman reservations, etc., write or
call on
T. g. sTURGIs, G. T. A.,
Yarboro dgh House Building, Fayette-
vile Street, Raleigh. n. @.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-08-26

DTIDTTTDE CURED. TRUSS FREE. You
NUT UNI pay 81 when cured. No cure no
pay. ALEX. SPEIRS, Box 834, WestbroOk, Me.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-08-26
Washington, D. c.

The Tarboro Southerner says: "The
advantages of a good school are by no
means limited to the student, but in
fuence everybody in its reach. You
can no more have an educated people
who depend on foreign schools for the
training of their children than you
can have prosperous farmers who de-
pend on foreign markets for their
food supplies" The larger towns have
recognized this fact and have estab-
lished their graded schools to educate
all the children. The rural districts
are beginning to recognize it. This
one fact must be well understood:
only a few children that are sent away
from the country to be educated re-
turn to live there and to bring the re-
suit of their training back to their
community and to their associates;
and the money that is expended on
one would almost support a nine
months public school. Is it not better
to give fifty children a good common
school education than n q college
course? Another fact must be recog-
nized: the family can not be elevated
successfully unless all the children of
that family are educated, and this ed
ucation will not remain permanent I'M
less their associates are educated.-E.
G.. Brooks.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-08-26
ANOTHER BLOW TO FRAUDULENT OHIO.
Cor. of The Progressive Farmer.

Cor. of The Progressive Farmer.
Last Monday Commissioner of In
ternal Revenue Yerkes rendered a de-
cision that palm oil cannot be used in
the manufacture of oleomargarine as
proposed by the manufacturers with
out s%ubjecting the product to the tax
of 10 cents a pound, instead of one-
fourth of one cent as uncolored cleo.
According to Investigations of the
Commissioner, it was found that if
five pounds of palm oil be used in
1900 pounds of oleCmargarine the lat
ter assumed 4 yellow color like that
of butter.
The basis of the decision rendered
is to the effect that cleo can just as
well be manufactured without the use
of palm oil; the manufacturers have
claimed it an essential ingredient, but
it is really intended to be added for
the purpose Of conveying a sugges-
ton of butter.
Commissioners Yerkes has on other
occasions showed his desire to carry
out the law in the spirit evidently in
tended by Congress, and it is now be-
lieved in Washington that this deci-
sion will not only have the effect of
compelling the manufacturers to pay
the tax but it may have a depressing
effect on this extensive industry.
GUY E. MITCHELL.
Washington, D.. @.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-08-26

increase its traffic, while the general
prosperity of the inhabitants of the
section will add to the value of prom
erty, promote educational facilities
and create a tendency toward wider
usefulness for every citizen where this
material advancement is going IN.
Information on these subjects is
being continually collected from every
part of the world, and our Federal
Government is making a study of the
question of good roads from a sensi-
bic and a scientific point of view,
through the Office of Public Road In
quiries at Washington, D. c., so that
these facts are not the result of guess
or estimate but come from actual in
vestigation and personal observation.
This information is being compiled
in convenient form for distribution in
every part of the country and can be
secured free of cost upon application.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-08-26
O.. Brooks.

Tried by high standards, this coup
let is not poetry, yet it stimulates
thought:
What kind of a church would u
church be,
If every member was just like me?
The rime is neither old enough nor
artistic enough to be called classic,
yet experience has already proved it's
power to silence the critical, to enc
gize the lazy, to shame the penurious
and to soften the cantankerous. Some
few there are whose conceit with
stands it; but the average man or wo-
man yields to it at once, and enters
upon a salutary course of self-exami-
nation. The charm is not broken,
either, by the substitution of "fam-
lily" or Society" or "city' for church.
Indeed, it would work well if, once
in four years at least, we could put
in the words nation" and "~voter" and
aim the query at every citizen.-Bos-
ton Youths Companion.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-08-26
MADISON INSTITUTE AND BUSINESS COLLEGE
MALE N FEMALE.

Buildings New, Modern and CommOdious Nice play grounds. Best
ball team in State. Number of Teachers f. Number of students last term
19. Languages, Music, Mathematics. Business Department. Specialties.
Bookkeeping, Shorthand, Typewriting. Good board in nice families,
near buildings, from 800 to $500 per month. Rooms where young men car
furnish their own provisions and board themselves from $3.50 to $500 per
month.
Tuition: From $3.50 to $500 Per Month. Fan Term Begins Sept i, 1902
J.. M. WEATFERLY, Principal, Madison, N. G.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-08-26
GREENSBORO FEMALE COLLEGE
GREENSBORO N. @.

GREENSBORO, N. O.
Literary and Business Courses.
Schools of Music, Art and Elocution.
Literary Course and all Living Ex-
penses $4,000 per year. Fall Session
begins September 10, 1902.
For Catalogue apply to
LUCY H. ROBERTSON, Pres.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-08-26

Raleigh News and Observer: It is
understood that Mr.. @. G. Latta will
bring suit for 100000 against the
Metropolitan Street Railway Com
pany, on whose tracks he was badly
injured when struck by an electric car
in New York some time ago, and who
came near to death.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-08-26
SOUTHERN RAILWAY WEEK
END RATES TO MOUNTAIN
AND SEACOAST RESORTS,

The Southern Railway will sell
Week End round trip tickets for
points named below for all trains Sat
urdays and Sundays good returning
leaving destination not later than
Monday following date of sale, except
for Morehead City, N. c., tickets will
be sold Saturdays only good returning
leaving destination Tuesday following
date of sale, and Blowing Rock, N. c.,
all trains Fridays and Saturdays, good
returning leaving destination not later
than Tuesday following date of sale,
at the following rate from Raleigh:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-08-26

Laurinburg Exchange: The Dick
son Cotton Mill made a large ship
ment of yarns during the past week to
Buenos Ayres, Argentine Republic,
South America.