davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21
Crime and the Weather.

when the temperature is high. OF
course, when the mercury goes above
a certain height the vitality is lowered
and this is indicated clearly in the as
sault figures. Thus, In studying a rec
ord OF 40, 900 arrests for assault, 1t al
found that on days when the mean
temperature was below so degrees the
number of assaults was from 10 to so
per cent below the normal, the num-
Der increasing with the temperature
until the maximum is reached at 85
degrees, when the number of assaults
is 80 per cent above the average.
Above IS degrees, however, the mum
Der of assaults decreases rapidly, there
being apparently little energy left for
fighting in conditions of such great
heat.
Professor Dexter several
general conclusions as a result OF his
studies along the various lines men
toned. 1t is, first of all, clear that the
weather has a distinct and marked in
luence upon each of the classes of hui
man activity studied. 1t is certain
hat a weather state which is accom-
panied by an increase in the number
of certain of these activities is accom-
panied by a decrease in others. That
the activities considered may be di-
vided into two classes: those which are
due to an excess of bodily energy and
those which are due to a deficiency
of it, and, finally, that activities of
these two classes are affected, in diff
ferent ways by weather conditions.
One interesting branch of the study
was hat of weather conditions as af-
fecting the department of public
school children. In all 100 900 report
ed cases of bad conduct on the part
of school children were tabulated with
reference to the weather. 1t was
found that weather conditions which
tend to increase the bodily vitality
'1ere those under which the number
of cases of bad conduct increases. The
boy who rushed down the steps two
steps at a time n was called back,
reprimanded and put on the list of
100, 900 cases of bad behavior, was not
necessarily vicious. He had an excess
of energy and could not restrain the
impulse to work it off in this way.
When n realizes that certain wealth
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21
WHEN DRUNKENNESS is GREAT
EST

Professor Dexter has gon about his
work in a scientific way. In his study
of the effects of the weather on drunk
enness, for instance, he takes the to-
tai number of arrests for drunkenness
made in New York City for a period
of three years, amounting to 44,500 in
all-men only being considered. He
then secures from the records of the
government weather bureau the va
rious figures of temperature, humidity,
wind, ETC., for each day during the
same period. With these two detailed
sets of figures in his possession he is
able to prepare tables showing how
differences in weather conditions COM
pare with differences in the number of
arrests for drunkenness.
The first thing revealed by these ia
bles is that there is much more drunk
enness in cold weather than in rot,
there being AZ per cent less in July
than in December. This fact is ex-
planned by the statement that in COM
paratively high temperatures the vital
ity of the body is relatively high, while
in low temperatures it is deficient.
| MEN Idk6 a DIdCGI WnGu bhCJ LCOl
the need for it, and with many Of them
a "bracer" means a drunk. A second
conclusion is that drunkenness in
creases with the humidity, as shown
by the government figures. This is also
explained by the statement that the
vitality of the body is greatest during
weather states of small humidity.
Especially striking is the fact that
drunkenness increases with the veloc-
ity OF the wind. In a calm the figures
show that the amount of drunkenness
is % per cent below the average, while
in the case of high wind velocity the
amount of drunkenness is so per cent
above the average. This is explained
on the theory that in the winter time
a high wind makes the bitterness of
the cold more keenly felt, while in the
hot weather it increases the evapora-
ton from the surface of the body, and
there increases the demand for liquid
refreshments.
A striking and what at first glance
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21
DIAGRAM SHOWING HOW DRUNK
ENNESS INCREASES WITH THE
VELOCITY OF THE WIND.

VELOCITY OF THE WIND.
er conditions may increase the energy
of 100, 900 boys on a given day it is
easy to see what the effect may be.
A study of 100, 900 errors reported
in the bookkeeping in prominent
banks shows that here, too, the mum
Der increases with weather conditions
which tend to lower the bodily vital
ity. Weakness in tests of physical
strength are also more prominent
when such weather conditions exist.
Another curious and interesting
conclusion is drawn from a study of
the effects of rising winds IN various
human activities. In the matter of
suicides, for instance, the rate varies
from one-half to normal when the
wind velocity is less than $50 miles
a day to more than twice the normal
when the wind velocity reaches 600
miles a day. In all disorders of an
active nature there is a great falling
off when calm prevails. For this
demonstrated fact a curious explana-
ton is offered. 1t has been discovered
by scientists that on calm days the
amount of carbonic dioxide in the vi
tiated atmosphere of the crowded por-
tions of great cities is three times
greater than the normal. Carbonic
dioXide has, of course, a quieting and
Supplying effect upon the human
body, and the cause of the falling off
in active disorders is thereby ex-
planned. When the wind blows the
atmosphere Is stirred up, the carbon
dioxide is blown away and under the
vitalizing effect of a plentiful supply
of oxygen the bodily activities are
| greatly increased.
A curious result obtained in the
study OF a large number of cases of
suicide and attempted suicide is that
there are many more attempts at self
destruction on bright and sunny days
than on those which are dark and
gloomy. This result directly contra
diets the popular impression and gives
the lie to many old theories, as well
as to some of the most frequent pas
sages in literature. A French wriaer,
for instance, long ago called England
the classic land of suicide" and de-
clared that the excessive humber of
suicides for that country Is accounted
for by it's gloomy weather." The
facts are that the number of cases OF
suicide in England, per million of pop
u~lation, is less than In any prominent
country of Europe, though no one will
deny that the prevailing weather over
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21
Up-to-pate Perambulator.

From Arizona m the up~-to-date
machine shown in the picture below,
the inventor being Fred Genzlinger of
Arizona. OF course, it will not prevent
the policeman and nurse from holding
their usual conversations in the park,
but otherwise it is an improvement
over the old style of baby carriage.
The propelling part of the perambula-
tor is similar to a bicycle, while the
coach proper is pivoted at the for
ward end of the frame in such a man
ner that it can be easily turned by
the steering wheel and chain attached
to the handle-bar. To relieve the main
wheels of a portion of the weight there
is a small trainer at the real of the
coach, and this wheel also serves as
a rest when the carriage is detached
from the frame of the wheel for walk
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

soil. 1t will also be noted that the
spread of the tree in no wise corre-
spends to the spread of the roots in
the soil. 1t has been a popular fancy
that the spread of the branches of a
tree represents the spread of its roots.
This fallacy should have been ex-
ploded without the use of diagrams,
but it has not been. We all know that
when trees are grown in tubs the
branches cover a square area very
much greater than the surface Of the
tub. The most important lesson to be
learned from this illustration is that
soil of proper texture is able to sup
port trees with very little surface
moisture. This explains why some OF
our apple and peach orchards have
been little affected by the drouths that
have destroyed other economic plants
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21
salt Bushes.

During the last few years we have
heard a great deal about the salt
bushes. These are plants brought from
Australia and introduced into our
western deserts. They have proved
adapted to waterless wastes and are
fairly good fodder plants. Plots of
them were seen growing in the for
age plant exhibit, near the Govern
ment building, at the Pan-American
exposition. We illustrate two of these
plants.
The first is the Australian salt bush.
This is a perennial and grows to the
height of is inches, forming a thick
mat over the ground. The branches
extend laterally five to eight feet and
a single plant will sometimes cover
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

CURVE SHOWING COMPARATIVE
FREQUENCY OF ASSAULTS IN
DETERRENT MONTHS OF THE
YEAR.
appears to be a contradictory fact is
arrived at by a study of the number of
arrests for assault as affected by
weather conditions. Thus, while the
facts are hat there is less drunken
ness in the summer time than in win
ter, exactly the reverse is true in re-
gard to the number of arrests for as
saults. AS the curve in the diagram
shows, the greatest number of assaults
occur in July and the least number in
January. The explanation Is that,
while a man usually takes a drink to
temporarily relieve a low condition of
bodily vitality, which is lowest in the
cold weather he is more likely to en-
age in a street brawl when his vi
lality is highest. as it is likely to be
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

It is highly probable that the man
whose statement of his wrongs is
hereby quoted will never be chosen on
a library committee, yet he is not
alone in his views. II will not pay one
cent for my advertising this week." he
announced, with a high color in his
cheeks, to the editor of the county pa
per. you told me you'd put the no
tice of my s~hoe-polish in with the
reading matter" "And didn't l do it?'
inquired the editor, suavely. mo. sir!"
roared the advertiser. mo, sir, you
did not! You put it in the colurra
with a mess of poetry, sir, that's where
you put it."-Youth's Companion.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

who can say how largely the drink
problem is one of better heated tene-
ments, of warmer ~overcoats, and OF
more nourishing food?
The effects OF the weather on drunk
snness, suicide, assault and minor
crimes and outbreaks of various kind
is the subject Of somewhat exhaustive
studies of Edwin G. Dexter of the Uni
vsrsity of Illinois. the results Of which
have recently been made public.
The reports of these studies are most
interesting and suggestive. They open
an entirely new field for the work of
the reformer and throw new light on
many extremely dinicult problems.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

twenty square feet of ground. This
variety of salt bush produces a larger
quantity of forage than any others.
Sheep are especially fond of it, and it
is believed that it tends to produce a
high quality Of wool. The seed will
terminate and the plant will make a
luxurious growth in the presence of an
amount of alkali that would prevent
the growth of cereals or other forage
crops. The analysis shows a high
content of protein.
The second illustration is of the
Mealy or Gray salt bush. It is a low
growing shrubby perennial. attaining
a height Of from one to two feet. The
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

Government in America is practi.
cally shaped in the caucus. For the
Christian man the primary meeting
should be as sacred an appointment as
the place of prayer, and If the Chris
tian men of a community would inter
est themselves. they could get good
men nominated" These words, spok-
en- at the recent Christian Endeavor
convention, embody a truth familiar to
all. yet one that it is well to emphasize
during the month before election The
evils which exist in politics are large
ly the result of the neglect OF duty
by the very men who most loudly
complain of them.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21
Deep Roofing Of Peach Trosa

U1NP NUuEIHE OF oHO" H'"
How deep will trees root? Inc
answer is impossible to give at this
time, as not sufficient data has beer
collected to give the information de-
sired even for a single variety. But
the depth OF roofing Of most plants is
found on investigation to be far great
err than has been suspected. In the &C
companying illustration we show a
peach tree that was grown at the Ari-
coma experiment station. The soil or
earth is shown to the depth Of "a feet,
at which point the soil water or water
table is found in this case. 1t will be
noted that the roots reach a depth OF
"a feet, and are then twelve feet above
the water table or solid water in the
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

most of the British Isles is dark and
gloomy.
The grearest excuses in the number
of suicides occur when the tempera-
ture is at one or the other extremes.
This is explained by the fact that
when the mercury is either below
zero or in the neighborhood of 100 de-
grees the actual suffering which oc-
ours is certain to be greatly increased.
The next greatest excess in per cent
and much the largest number is found
under what r generally considered
to be the most pleasant Of all wealth.
er conditions-that is, on bright, dry,
clear days in the later spring. Pro.
fessor Dexter has no positive explana-
ton to offer for what seems to be such
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

In mine accidents it has often hap
pened that rescuers were baffled and
lives were sacrificed because the exact
whereabouts of the imperiled men
were unknown. The mine owners of
Scranton are about to place telephones
at regular intervals along the work
ings in their mines, so that the instru-
ments may be easy of access to the
men when danger demands their use.
The step is greatly to be commended.
and it suggests other benefcent uses
Of the telephone.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

The federal government and the
state of Minnesota will soon clash In
the courts over the question OF the
ownership of many thousands of acres
Of valuable lands. The tract in dis
pute is situated in northern Minnesota,
running from Rainy Lake to Lake Su-
perior, a distance OF about 200 miles
and taking in the entire northern tier
of townships. The lands are located
In the gold fields recently discovered
and on that account are considered
very valuable. The lands were selected
by the state under the provisions of
the Swamp act OF 1850, but 1t is JON
tended by the Washington officials that
the tract 80 chosen on the border OF
Canada is not swamp land. hence the
proceedings.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

A curious story m from the Rus
sian frontier. At the little Russian
town of Wystiten 400 families became
homeless owing to a great FIRE. The
town being next to Rominten, where
the Emperor William shoots every
year. his majesty not only sent soldiers
to help extinguish the fire, but gave
$500 for the distressed townspeople.
The weather being inclement, blank
cts we're bought for those who were
compelled to camp out OF doors. The
Russian customs officials refused to
admit the blankets until the high Gus
toms duty, which in Russia is imposd
upon such articles, was paid.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

Jean Paul says that the mother puts
the commas and semicolons into the
child's life, the father the colons and
periods. The whole punctuation of the
late Empress Frederick's life was in
herently royal. AS Mr.. Balfour re-
Gently put it before the House of Com
mons, she was endowed with gifts of
nature and of education which would
have made her. even in another sta
tion. a remarkable and accomplished
woman"
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21
Largest in the world.

Walter Baker & Co., Ltd. Dorches-
ter, Mass, are the largest manufacture
ers Of cocoa and chocol&te in the
world. They received a gold medal
from the Paris exposition of last year.
This year they have received three
gold medals from the Pan-American
exposition at Buffalo. Their goods are
the standard for purity and excellence.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

Professional baseball umpires are SO
worried by the abuse they receive that
most of them are subject to nervous
complaints. Aware of this fact, some
of the life insurance companies refuse
to issue policies to them. 1t is only a
short time G when an amateur UNI
pire in Farmersburg, N. Y. was
dubbed to death because he rendered
an unfavorable decision.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

An enterprising psrson in Chicago
has discovered that the b e keeps just
as busy in storing away honey on the
third floor of a home as in a hollow
tree in the woods.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

A young woman at Garden City
jerked her head back to keep from be-
ing kissed and broke her neck. She
did not get kissed, either. It is a ter
rible warning to the girls not to jerk.
Hutchinson. Kas.. News.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

The wire cables used by tourists for
protection and aid in Alpine climbing
may prove a source OF danger. On July
20 several tourists made an ascent OF
the Tribulaun, in the Stubuler Alps.
Near the summit, where the ascent
had to be made with the help of wire
cables, the rocks began to emit a
humming noise. and an ice-pick, COM
ing in contact with the cable, produc-
ed spa k. Shortly before there had
been a thunderstorm, which caused
this electrical disturbance. Before the
tourists realized what was occurring.
the lightning struck the cable, stunned
q tourist and the guide and hurled
them several hundred metres below.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

A remarkable case OF suicide came
ander the notice of the authorities at
Cureghem, lear Brussels. recently. A
printer driven to despair by habitual
drunkenness, made his own coffin.
placed 1t in position, and hanged him
self. The corpse was found dangling
over the coffin.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

The new state hymn adopted foa
Rhode Island is sung to the music OF
the Austrian hymn.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21
Use OF Fertillzers Increa.lne.

w. w. Dolbear, a seller of farm i'm
plements, tells The Farmers Review
that the farmers in northern Illinois
are beginning to use considerable
quantities of commercial fertilizers.
The demand for fertilizer attachments
to the corn planters is increasing, and
farmers report to him largely in
creased yield from the application of
such fertilizers. Until recently he has
not thought it of any use to lush the
sale in the West for attachments for
the use of fertilizers. Not only on
worn-out land are these fertilizers be-
ing used, but the more progressive
farmers are fertilizing to keep up their
lands, knowing that the running down
of land is always attended with loss.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

ing. The seat and handle-bar have the
usual adjustments, and it should be a
pleasure to the nurse to take the baby
riding in this speedy machine, while
it goes without saying that the child
once taking a ride in this carriage will
prefer 1t to all others.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

This years harvest in the south OF
Ireland is stated to be the best expert
snced for a quarter of a century.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

John ]. Thomas says: Many young
orchards are more or less encountered
with grass and weeds, and the trees
are often found girdled in the spring.
A preventive that rarely fails. that of
enhancing small mounds of smooth
earth round the trees in autumn, is
not often adopted, and hence we have
frequent inquiries, What shall we de
to save our mice-gnawed trees?"
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21
FRAN AND GARDEN.
MATTERS OF INTEREST TO AGRl-
CULTURlSTS.

some Up-to-Date Hints About Guilt
walton of the Soil and Yields
Observation-Disclosures. vitioulturs and
Horticulture.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

John Cownie: One cause Of loss IN
FEEDING cattle is lack of the necessary
co~nveniences, for, while buildings.
iced troughs, h%ayracks. ETC., may be
Oh the plainest and cheapest construc-
uon, cattle will not gain flesh without
shelter in bad weather, and a dirty,
wet bed is not conducive to the laying
on OF flesh, and without troughs and
racks much Of the food will be wasted.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

salt bush and shows a tendency to be-
come woody, especially at the base,
and to lose its lower leaves when
growing close together.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-21

leaves have breathing pores, through
which moisture and air are absorbed
ana vapor given off. They are so
small as to require a good microscope
70 discover them; and they vary In
different plants from 1000 to 40. 900
on a square inch of surface.
lntrospection is a fault chiefly pos
sessed by imaginative women
The daily journal. (Salem, Or.) 1899-1903, 1902-05-20

Mr.. Fulton worked up to a great
climax in his Salem speech to prove
that Mr.. Furnish is not a boodler. He
said he had ample convincing proof
that he was not The audience huns
breathless. 1T is found in the simple
fact that he is not being supported by
Il. Hofer," said Mr.. Fulton. One
would have thought that the audience
would go wild at that, when scarcely
an issue Of a Fulton paper has ap
peared in this city that has not
told the people that the editor OF this
paper was a boodler, and sold himself
in every election, but the eloquent Mr.
Fulton's thrust at a private citizen
fell fat Does he want to put us in
the same class with his man and Har.
vey Scott?
The daily journal. (Salem, Or.) 1899-1903, 1902-05-20
Treatment and Cure.


BY the medicinal and electric sys
TEN OF treatment, which DR.. Darrin
has adopted and pursued for years
with uniform success a complete and
permanent cure of this repulsive dis.
order can be effected. Thus, he has
demonstrated in thousands of cases.
representing the disease in every form
and all its various stages OF develop
ment His applications are made TO
reach the diseased parts in the most
direct and positive manner, instanta-
neously penetrating every cell and
cavity of the head, communicating
with the nostrils, and subjecting every
portion OF the membrane 10 the heal.
ing action of the remeuy employed.
with the most beneficial result with
out causing the least pain or unpleas-
ant sensation. The affected cavities
are thoroughly cleansed from incrustic
morbiic matter, the offensive smell is
removed and relief from other trouble
some symptoms is almost Immediately
experienced. The discharge soon di-
minishes, irritation is allayed, the in.
hammation subsidies, ulcerations are
made 70 heal, and finally a radical and
permanent cure is affected.
Numerous testimonials have ap-
peared in this paper during the past
few weeks from those who thought
they owed IL TO the doctor as we'll as
hundreds OF like sufferers, 10 speak OF
the good work that has been done for
them.