davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1902-04-17
SAYS THUGS RULE HARLEM.
WITNESS AT MKAY INQUEST, AT WHICH
MURDER VERDICT Is FOUND, AS
SERTS GAMBLERS TERROR
IZE THAT SECTION

jury, summoned by Coroner Goldenkranz, yes
Mckay who died from a fracture of the skull re-
was the result of a blow struck by unknown
person The verdict based on the testimony
of William A. Hewlett. of No. LIP Park-ave.. that
Mckay was knocked down in front of O'Rourke' s
saloon at Park-ave. ard One-hundred- -and-twenty-
fourth-st., by who later entered the saloon
and went behind the bar. This April 3. in
broad daylight. but the police have not been able
to arrest McKays assailant Mr.. Howletts
daughter yesterday testified that her father
tered his home the day of the assault and de-
scribed what he had seen.
Charles Weide. the former Commissioner of
Jurors testified at the inquest that e saw Mckay
fall in front of the saloon when person near
him He became confused in the examination. and
said his attention called Mckay by some
newsboys when he two hundred feet away
from the saloon. When asked if he had an interest
In the saloon Mr.. Weide repned, NO, except that L
the house.
William Quinn. a foreman in the Park Depart
ment testified that he saw Mckay in the saloon a
short time before Mckay was found senseless on
the sidewalk
Robert A Kelly went on the stand. and created a
sensation by declaring that gang of gamblers
and thugs in Harlem terrorized respectable per-
sons He said he had received warning that some
thing would happen to him If he did not cease
making Investigations for the Citizens Union.
Name Of the gamblers and thugs" said
reply mentioned the names of several Tammany
politicians in Harlem. He went to say that
unless reputable citizens and grocers were served
with subpnneas they would refuse testify. He
gang" and confined, Il personally would not be-
leve any member of the gang"
New-York tribune., 1902-04-17

a. early beginning Of the great wharf improNeIIei'
in that district. This improvement, which VIII eN-
tend from the new West Washington Market 70
West Twenty -third-st.. and is spoken OF as the
Chelsea Improvement. viii be the greatest water
front work the city has attempted II 1nYotFeS tie
exDenditure of several millions Of dollars
The plan has been paper for two years, out
the present city administration has taken the hrst
important step toward realization OF the project
The plan as at present Grawn contemplates 4
marginal wharf plaza similar 10 that In front
OF the Gansevoort Improvement. 80 feet VICE; hNe
piers 125 feet wide each with slips 80 feet wide be
tween them one extra slip. 100 feet wide. and four
piers from so 10 50 wide, with slips averaging
575 feet in width. The project. If carried out as
MANNED viii concentrate al the ferries in the dis
1rict at West Twenty-third-st. This means the re-
rnoval Of The Hoboken ferry from Fourteenth-sL
10 Tweuty-third-st.
The piers are intended for transatlantic steam
ships. There several applications from steam
ship companies for piers, so that there VIII De
no difficulty in leasing them. Although the Inter
national Navigation Comp2DES lease OF the piers
at Barclayst has long time TO run II has applied
for three OF the new ones.
New-York tribune., 1902-04-17
WHAT Is GOING ON TO-DAY.

Racing Aqueduct.
Columbia University lecture in spanish cuba los
Fstafos I'nldos.'' Schermerhorn Hall 330 y. N.
Rapid Transit Commission. afternoon.
Harlem Democratic club. jefferson Dinner. Harlem
Casino. 7:3o p. IN.
Dwight Alumni Association meeting and dinner. Del
monico's. m
Dinner OF the Brooklyn Yacht Club The Argyle. Fulton
St. Brooklyn. evening.
Central Taxpayers Alliance Of The Bronx. meeting to
on Side subway. One hundred and
seventy hfth and Third ave. S m.
Academy or Medicine meeting. No II Forty-thir-
St. IN.
Republican County Committee meeting. evening.
Peoples Institute Harlem Branch lecture by Professor
Charles Xeubl.n ''DificIltics
government hundred and twenty -hfth-st. and
Lexington-ave.. 5 p.
New-York tribune., 1902-04-17
ART STUDENTS LEAGUE ELECTION.

The twenty-sixth annual meeting OF the Art
Students League Of New-York held last even
irla in the American Fine Arts Building The re-
port of the treasurer Walter g. Ball. showed an
improved financial outlook for the school The total
receipts FOR the fiscal year amounted to s45 III 7e
The total resources reported Ss 81 % above
all liabilities The programme for the Summer
School. which is 10 be in session during June July.
August and September, was announced. The life
and antique classes 10 be under the instruction
of George u. Breck, the illustration and painting
classes viii be directed by WILLIAM ST John Harper
and the sculpture class will be directed by Antonn
skodik The following officers were elected: Presi-
dent. Samuel T Shaw: vice-presfdents- Arthur ".
Fuller. Carrie G. Kem: board Of control Kather-
ine harrington. Everett P Warner and Eugene c.
Crarner.
New-York tribune., 1902-04-17
JAIL DELIVERY FRUSTRATED.
TRUsTY TELLS OF PLOT IN ESSEX COUNTY
PRISON.

An extraordinary plot 10 break jail by
Der of criminals in the Essex County Jail. in
Newark was discovered and frustrated last
night. trusty who had been let into the plot
revealed it TO Keeper Hosp. John Wyckoff. who
was indicted for the murder of Frank Smith at
the city dock last summer. and arrested in
Philadelphia was the leader He is TO be tried
next Monday. John Mcdonald. who, with the
two other men also in the jail, held up and
robbed a number of business men in Newark
Paterson Bayonne and Philadelphia,
other.
Last night after the prisoners had been locked
in their cells, the warden had Wyckon removed
TO another cell and made an examination He
found that the lower bar in the door of the cell
had been nearly sawed through, and had been
filled with soap. McDonald's cell was also ex-
amined and a sawed bar Of the door was found
The escape was 10 take place next Saturday
night. Wyckoff to get out Of his cell when
the night keeper on duty, and knock him
and take his keys and pistol Mcdonald
was to help him. The others were then to be
released and rush made for the door. 1t had
been arranged also for party OF desperadoes
10 come from Philadelphia on Saturday and sta
tion themselves outside the jail TO render aid
Once out of the jail the fugitives were 10 hurry
to New-York and go into hiding
The prison guard doubled last night. ana
thorough investigation Will be made to-day.
The jail is in a lonely neighborhood, favorable
to q delivery.
New-York tribune., 1902-04-17

WESTCHESTER SUPERVISORS DECIDE
To PAY THOSE INCURRED DURING
SMALLPOX QUARANTINE.

After a brief session and sharp debate the
Westchester supervisors yesterday afternoon
voted to pay the bills presented for expenses in
CURED at the jail at White Plains while the
keepers and prisoners were under quarantine
owing TO the outbreak of smallpox. This decis-
ion was reached after Under Sheriff Joseph g.
See had made a statement, in which he declared
that there had been no overcharge
The Supervisors did not meet yesterday morn
ing. as the day was taken up by the State Tax
Commissioners. who summoned all the assessors
Of the county before them and examined them
to their methods Of valuing property. This
examination took place in the meeting room Of
the supervisors and while 1t going on the
board could not meet. The supervisors were
not however TO he discouraged so easily, and
waited patiently yesterday their laurels, as
they now hold the record for the number Of
meetings held this year. having met more times
than any other board in the State. Late in
the afternoon they returned to their room and
took action the Jail question.
This action of the board somewhat of
surprise 70 many, It had been freely predict
ed that the expense account. which was present
ed by the committee supplies to the jail
would be cut.
These bills aggregate about 5000. and have
been the cause of little discussion at the
meetings of the board. The statement made at
used by the prisoners during the quarantine
had been destroyed by the keepers and wardens
was enlphatically denied by John r. Pye keeper
OF the Jail
Mr.. Pye said that the tableware was sent to
the Jail from a hotel, which supplied the en-
ployes with meals during the four weeks they
under quarantine. He said that the pro-
prietor Of the hotel, VINO has many public otii-
his guests, including judges and law
yers. when he learned that persons under quar-
antine had eaten from the dishes, refused to
take them back, and put in bill to the county
for their value. Mir. Pye denied that any of the
dishes We're destroyed. He said that they were
cleaned and stored away in the jail. where they
could be used in Of another epidemic.
1t said yesterday in justice 20 Mr.. Pye
that, while he the best dressed man about
the courthouse. his bill for the wardrobe he
compelled destroy lower than those of
the other claimants. 1t amounted to about $50.
1t was denied by the committee that the prison
ers received SO suits and overcoats. The suits
furnished them, it said, cost about so
each.
At the close of the meeting yesterday the
board adjourned Friday of this week. which
will probably be the last day of the session.
Upon adjourning sine die the board is expected
to giva a dinner for the chairman, John NJ.
Shinn OF Pelham, probably at Sherry's The
board will not convene again after Fridays
meeting until June. when it begins a salary
I.pgi
New-York tribune., 1902-04-17
FERRY PLA AN
PRoPt.~r% 10 SELL FRANCHISES Fol!
81 ! T:F AND RENT TERMINALS
ACCORDING TO VALUE

Commissioner Hawkes. has recently supfili''eu
IA +be Sinking Fund Commissioners recon-
rnendstfcn regarding the cancellation OF the
franchise Of the Fort Lee ferry and ITS renewal
which if adopted by the commissioners wan
make a change in the citys policy IN leasing
ferry franchises. This recommendation Is tla'
the CITY sell the franchise for the Forl Lee
ferry for 81 and lease 10 the company the
terminal at its rental value Under this plan
the Fort Lee ferry viii bring into the city treas
NY $500 instead of $1,000 a year.
Mr. Hawkes. in speaking Of his recommenod-
ton TO a Tribune reporter yesterday salo-
The difficulty has been that when the city OF,
fered for sale a ferry franchise covering polh
the route and terminals. which were WharI prop
ertz OF the city. the purchaser of new COLL
pany was obliged to pay the old company lhe
appraised value of the old company 5 improve
ments buildings, boats. etc. If the recelpls %
the old company had been run down Tor any
reason-the proximity Of the bridge, TOR eH,
amrle-it would be difficult for the CITY To Nhd
a new bidder. The old company would thus con-
1inue TO operate without franchise, and the
city noweTleSS. unless II chose 10 olSCo'lIlN
the operation of the ferry by injunction, Whlch
the public would not stand for BY the proposed
system. when the terminals are private property,
the franchise goes TO the highest bidder When
the terminals are city property the 1rench-se Is
sold for 81. and the terminals are rented at
ordinary commercial rates, with the provision
that the improvements shall either revert TO the
city at the termination Of the lease or be re
moved by the ferry company. and the wharf
property be restored TO its former ConGlton.
The city would therefore be in a condition TO
furnish a new company with terminals without
the new company being obliged TO pay for out
of date improvements.
The city lust now is in the position described
by Mr. Hawkes.. The franchises Of some Of the
ferries operated by the Union Ferry Company
between Manhattan and Brooklyn have expired.
The company says that it is not able TO hid
what the city thinks the franchises should pay
because the Brooklyn Bridge has cut down It's
receipts. OF course. other company desires
TO Bid against the Union Ferry Company, and
the lines are running without franchises. Ihelr
operation could be stopped by injunction, but
the public does not want them closed In this
way TO scme extent, the city is in the power
of the ferry company. Commissioner Hawkes.
believes that the adoption Of his recofnnenaa-
ton would serve to rescue the city from such
8 situation.
New-York tribune., 1902-04-17
HOME NEWS.
PROMINENT ARRIVALS AT THE HOTELS.

PROMINENT ARRIVALS AT THE HOTELS.
ALBEMARLE-S Martin Conway. If London
BUCKINGHAM-Captai Henry Leonard. United
States Marine Corps, and Colonel c. VI. Van Slyck
Of Providence CAMBRIDGE-Mr. and Mrs. r. b.
Coykcndal. OF Rondout and George de GreviCie
Austrian Consul General at Philadelphia FIFTH
ANENUE-R !. Wynne. First Assistant Post
master General. OF Washington; ex-senator Frank
HscoCk OF Syracuse and Professor u. =. Gilman
of Johns Hopkins University. GRAND UNION
Colonel f. \ {. Pew. OF Toronto GTLSEY-Cap-
tain s. J. Roe. OF Albany. and Professor J. c.
Branner. of Leland Stanford University Cali
fornia HOFFMAN-Edward Murphy, jr.. OF Troy
IMPERIAL -Ex- Mayor ID. g Robinson IF Elmra
Captain Z. II. Humphrey. L. s. A. and Colonel F.
J. Ludington. OF Waterbury. Conn. MANHAT
TAN-H. Gordon Mackenzie. Of Toronto: r. y
Crownnshield. OF Boston: DR. r. +. Evans, of Bos
ton: Winthrop Ames. of Boston; State Senator
George r. Malby Of Ggdensburg: President John
Henry Burrows of Oberin College and ex Governor
Lucius f. Robinson OF Connecticut. NEITHER
LAND-Iady Ross. OF Scotland. SAVOY-Angelo
Myers of Philadelphia, and William Moser, OF
Cincinnati. VICTORIA-C Tracy Rogers. OF
Ringhanton. WALDORF-Ex-Governo L. c.
Smith of Vermont. II. B. Ledyard. president of the
Michigan Central Railway. and DR.. Juan Cestas
Minister to the United States from Uruguay of
Washington.
New-York tribune., 1902-04-17
iSHEEHAN on POLICE REFORM
HE SAYS A START SHOULD BE MADE
AT THE TOP-CRITICISM OF JEROME

John c. Sheehan paid visit last night to the
East Side Club, the home of the Greater New
York Democracy in the XXth Assembly Dis
trict. More than two hundred of the members
of the organization there to meet him ana
hear him talk Thomas F. Duffy. VINO wants
to be the leader of the district. and in whose
behalf Mr. Sheehan made his CALL presided at
the meeting and acted as master of ceremonies
Short speeches were made by Mr. Duffy and
Michael OConnor.
Mr. Sheehan retold the story of his quarrel
with Croker end criticised the Van Wyck ad-
ministration, which he characterized as -four
years reign of grafters." He urged the mem
bers Of the Greater New-York Democracy to
stick together and to that no such condi-
tions as prevailed under Tammany and Van
Wyck and Croker should again be possible. He
continued:
ministration but believe that in few months
things will be Strengthened out and will come out
and am economical and opposed to bIacknai / am
pP9sd to 6 I o2 1G am e enof 20
ness is legalized. Why should the liquor dealers
and other violators Of the law be left alone? 1t is
evidently effort to stop the Matchmaking tac-
is mistakt. by the way to think that the way to
reform the police is TO begin at the bottom The
start should ne made at the top \ question that
answer is Who i at the top? Is the
the department or Is the District Attorney run
ming It? II Is evident that the District Attorney
wants to run all the departments except his own.
Hes faker dat feIer,' shouted voice. and
Il chorus Of cheers followed.
Mr. Sheehan declined to talk NOR. along those
lines. despite the invitation OF the crowd He
explained the workings of the new Primary law
and asked as q personal favor that every man
in the organization enroll and do his best to
secure the election TO leadership OF Mr.. Duffy.
New-York tribune., 1902-04-17
HONEY FOR CENTR4L'S LOOP.
DIRECTORS TALK WITH THE GOVERNOR IN
REGARD TO THE BEDELL BILL.
tBy TELEGRAPH TO THE tribune

-
Albany April Ex-Governor OdeT was visited to-
DAY at the capital by Senator Chauncey NJ. Depew,
fv President Newman of the New-York Central
and Hudson River Railroad. ana by ". Seward
Webb. who were all here attending the annual
meeting of the stockholders. The reelection Of
the board Of directors Of that corporation took
place.
AT a special meeting Of the stockholders Of the
Central authority given increase the capital
stock from Sis e00,00G S15oo0o,0o0 large pro-
uortion of this increase Of s300O in the stock OF
the New-York Central and Hudson River Railroad
will be used in the construction Of great under
ground loop for suburban trains al the Grand
Central Station, in Now-York. If Governor Odell
signs the Eedeu Terminal bill.
the BedeT bill on Friday. When asked tonight If
he had talked with Senator Depew. President
Newman and Mr.. Webb about the Bedell bill the
Governor said that Mr.. Depew. Mr.. Newman and
Mr. Webb had not called upon him for that pur-
pose, but that he had talked with them about the
hill while they were at the Capitol
The annual meetings OF the West Shore and Of
the Mohawk and Malone Railroad companies were
also held. The members of the old boards re-
elected. with one exception ". II. Newman being
elected in place Of s. r. Callawav former presi-
Railroad Company.
The Mohawk and Malone company held two spe-
cisl meetings One authorized an increase of capt.
the new lease the New-York Central and ffud-
son Railroad Company.
New-York tribune., 1902-04-17

The Rev. Frances Arthur Douglass, a retired
clergyman of Brooklyn. died on Tuesday at his
home No. SIS Greene-ave that borough. He was
born at Ticonderoga, X Y, April l6, 1924, and was
the son of William Stewart Douglass and Jane
Arthur Of that place He was graduated from
Amherst College in 1851 and from the Newton
Theological Institution, Newton. Mass, in 1871 In
the latter year he married Miss Anna Allen. Of
Champlain y. y Mr and Mrs. Douglass spent
eleven years in India, where they worked as mis-
sionarIes. They were there during the Sepoy Re
beiliOn.
for some time lecturing He afterward became
secretary Of the American and Foreign Bible So
ciety. Several years ago his health began TO fail
and he was obliged 20 give up active work He
made his home with his son. Ira F. Douglass.
The funeral viii be held at the Marcy Avenue
Baptist Church tomorrow afternoon at 2:S0
o'clock. The Rev. Or. w c. 2. Rhoades- will
nfficafe.
New-York tribune., 1902-04-17
HALLENBECK TRIAL NEAR END.
VAN woRMsERs TESTIFY. AND SUMMING
UP WILL OCCUR To-Day

Hudson. n. Y. April l6-Both sides have closed
their in the Hallenbeck murder trial and the
summing up will begin tomorrow morning. Alonzo
H. Farrar will speak for Fred Van Wormer. Mr..
Cady, former judge. will make the plea for Bur-
ton and Willis Van Wormer. and Colonel Frank B..
Chace will make the argument for the prosecution.
Burton Van Wormer the first witness to-day.
Willis Van Wormer also testified. They added lit
tie TO the previous testimony but said that there
was no intention To kill Hallenbeck Frederick A.
Van Wormer. the last witness for the defence, cor
roborated the statements Of his brothers.
New-York tribune., 1902-04-17
THE CHELSEA IMPROVEMENT,

here he met and married Miss Helen Seagrave Vim
cent. It then that ne went over To Spain and
entered into Spanish politics. finally being elected
q member Of the Cortes i was through his ef-
forts that this body decided to abolish slavery In
Cuba.
Later Sehor jose went 70 Cuba. where ne owned
a large estate and there became a leader Of the
Royalists In recognition OF his loyal services the
Queen Regent created him marquis. In the IN
surrection he organized and led body Of volun-
teers against the revolJtionists. After the war
ne removed 20 this city with his three children,
his wife having lleI.
New-York tribune., 1902-04-17
LEOPOLD H FRANCKE F.

Ieopold H. Francke. board member of the Stock
Exchange firm OF /. H & A. Francke. in the
Lords Court Building. died suddenly yesterday at
Roosevelt Hospital in his thirty-fifth year Mr.
Francke who son of the late Jonas h
Francke was graduated from Yale in .S; lsSg and and
was admitted to membership in the STOCK. tx
change in January: 1892 on Janqary 2 lSsi; he
F2eneke was member Of the University and Yale
was at Lawrence Long Island. He leaves a
widow who was Miss Elsie Huntington. and two
rhil
New-York tribune., 1902-04-17
NAY BUILD 4 NEW PLAYHOUSE.
IT Is REPORTED THAT a THEATRE IS TO
BE ERECTED IN WEST FORTY
SECOND-ST

Frank Mckee. lessee of the Garrick and the
Madison Square theatres, took title few days
ago 10 No. III West Forty-second-st.. four story
dwelling house plot 25x1O0.5 feet. The details
of this transfer reported in The Tribune at
the time the deed was recorded and it said
then that AIr. Mckee might the lot part OF
a site for a theatre.
It was reported yesterday that Mr.. Mckee and
William Harris We're interested in this theatrical
project. and that they had obtained a plot with
a frontage Of eighty feet in Forty-third-st.. and
that on the Forty-second-st. lot entrance to
the theatre would be built.
New-York tribune., 1902-04-17
J1-TIo JOSE. MARQUIS DE APEzTEGUIA

Julio jose Marquis de Apeztegnia. formerly the
leader OF the Royalist party Of Cuba died on Mon
day AT the home Of his father-n-aw, the Rev. Dr.
Marvin R Vincent. No. Is East Ninety'-second-st
Julio de Apezteguia was born in Trinidad, Cuba
in 1913 When eleven years Of age ne came to
this city with his parents and lived at No Wash
i,g+oT SQUARE When seventeen he was sent 20
school in Paris Some years later he visited Cuba
and the United States again. While stopping
New-York tribune., 1902-04-17
SHIPPING NEWS.
PORT OF NEw-YoRK-wEDNEsDA APRIL 1s 1902


PORT OF NEw-YoRK-wE APRIL 1e 1907
ARRIVED.
eE 5Es sRe5 .e Hd@1ssS N ess AP, Tg
ESQ steeTare passengers Line.
AFEsea seme1 at Lombarii L Gab anzoneri April
Naples 3 With nfs - Sas1 & ant rId at th Bar at
steamer ConnEsby Br RackIin Calcutta ut tssFua5y -
TivSd at r ADarbe @ Bcarse Jacksonville April IS and
t,harIeston a. with mdse and $50 passengers to William
steamer jamestown Tapley Newport
folk with mdse passengers to the Old Dominion IS
Steamer Buenaventue. Gibbs Newport News E
stsamer Beneaeror Philadelphia with mdse
to steamer Maiei Neradan new Camden April in
ballast to Dearborn & Iapham To load for San Fran
SAILED
Monsola8 IPr for Gassow LPdenhs d tBr1
Jamaica (Norl Norfolk rhIadeiPhia Southamp9n Ger
GER Hayt Sarthesnian ,L,r Gassow Eamle {I3rl.
sss Ahne 81 and
deIphia George Clyde. Providence
MOVEMENT OF STEAMERS FOREIGN PORTS.
Liverpool April 1S1Arr!yed steamer Claverhl ,Fr.
sdqn pa % Pnd f1E gsSb
sosy an4 SesT@T . for Hamburg
York for Southampton,
RF'T H S;$ iisis S'"ia'1a ss;
AvonmontR ir April is-saiied Potomac osr An
tic (Frj smith. New-York for Liverpool land Rro-
Glasgow April I5-saied (r) Young
New-York.
Knsas, Apr 16-Passed steamer camoens CBD Penrice.
New-York for Manchester.
Movle April I6-saled. Furnessia tBr). Young
tfrom Glasgow New-York.
London April 16-Arrived steamer Mesaba tBr) Lowe,
New-York.
Chrstana, April 11-Sailed steamer Heka tDanl HOIST
New-York.
Cherbourg April 16. T:15 m-Arrved steamer Patricia
Ger. Lethauser, New-York, via Plymouth for Ham
burg land proceeded.
Rotterdam April 10 m-Arrived. steamer Rotterdam
Glutcb, Stenger. New-York. Boulogne.
81 Vincent v April l3-Sailed Nordkyn tNorl.
Faer ifroul Port NataD New-York.
Gibraltar April i6-Passed Hermistcn tBr),
Philips New-York for Shanghai
Van der Loo. New-York for Yokohama; bark Espero
OtaD. Cravtotto, savannah
Colombo April 16-Arrived previously. steamer Aoouklr
and ~, ~,
April l6-Arrlved steamer pretoria 'or'' MI
Kenzie. New-York
cibrat,ar AnrI Ie-Passed Calabria tBrl.
BRIDGES New-Y0rk for Naples Genoa. MaFseies, etc
Aprl i6-Arrived Archmede tItaD.
Demarch Genoa and Naples for New York Hohen-
zolern Ger. Cuppers. Genoa. Naples and Gibraltar
New-York
Bremen April 10 n--Arrived steamer Creleia t'er'
New-fork.
popre p r April 10 p u-SaiIed. steamer ZuIia Ter
riIl (from "A Guayra and Curacoa). Nsw-iorh
New-York tribune., 1902-04-17

,I-s1,o, scboi was a native of Bordeaux. In
early life he wrote for many Paris publications
He was an industrious writer. and turned out an
immense number Of sketches. satires poiitlcal ana
personal essays and was constantly involved ID
Controversies which could only he settlea ny Il
5lel Of the bloodless French variety For the
Iasr -vcentv wears he had been editor OF Il Echo de
ISaris in 1854 he was made officer of the
Legion of Honor. -. 3
which were made UP of his contributions 10 the
ness He was also the author of several plays.