The Montgomery advertiser., 1902-01-03
AMERICAN PEACE
UNITED STATES MAY SOON AM
 NoUNCE A NEW POLICY.
Development of the Principles of the Monroe Doctrine-Moral Hege- mony to Be Assumed Over
 the Weaker Republics.

Washington Special to New York Mail
 and Express. The United States is on the eve of announcing a new policy with respec' to South and Central America, which will be of as consuming interest to the outside world as was and is the Monroe doctrine. This new policy Is, indeed an offshoot of the Monroe doctrine, a development of the idea underlying the famous principle. It may De termeo, and it will probably be known as the Pax American" (American peace.) It is nothing less than guarantee on tne part of this country, exercising as " were a moral hegemony over the weaker States of Central and South America, that peace and order and respect Tor law and property and human life shall ana must prevail throughout the regions to the south of the United States. In otner words, the United States will undertake to guarantee. as in the case Of CuDa' stable government and the maintenance of order.
 The United States acted in half recog- nition of this principle when 1t dealt with Cuba after the Spanish war, and when it dealt with Spain prior to that WAT. It also recognized it. in part when it sent it's troops to restore order in the Isthmus of Panama, and. again, in an earlier case, when 1t practlcaily put an end to the revolution or rebellion in Brazil.
 In the vast majority of cases. however, this country has allowed the hereditary reyolutionists of Central and South America to continue overturing govern ments, and has not interposed solitary objection, save when the rights or in- terests of its own citizens were menaced or invaded.
 The United States has no intention of forcing it's views upon the people or the republics of the South, and would not take a step toward bringing about more tranquil condition were 1t satisneo that, in the end. the Spanish-mixed races would evolve into self-government ana stable communities.
 It may easily be seen how this doctrine of an American peace' has grown out of the Monroe doctrine. As deflned by President Roosevelt the Monroe doc- Urine is "a declaration that there must be no territorial aggrandizement by any non-American power at the expense or any American power on American soil. The inevitable corollary or expansion or this principle is that if the United States is to guarantee the integrity of these re- publics it is going to see to it that there Is something worth preserving.
 It is not prepared to risk war at every turn for the sake of perpetuating nest of wasps or basket of fighting cats ana dogs If this country, in other word, Is to accept the risk of war with european powers for the sake of preserving the South and Central American repupics from inroads and wars with foreign countries. 1t will also go to the extent of preserving them from internal wars and revolutions.
 It was one of the hopes of the admin istration that something of the sort might have been accomplished ny ths
 
 Mexico. It hoped that It's protect TOT general arbitration would be readily ac- cepted. and would prove an acceptapie substitute for war as between the Varl- ous republics of the South. But it IS eV, ident that the republics of Central ana South America are too jealous or one another to make such plan successIui at this time. No arbitration TOT theih' when war is so easy. ana ils chanoes oe, seem, for the time at least, pretty even, and fortune may favor the more daring
 Arbitration could not be expected, how ever, to adjust such differences Witlia Il these States as lead to revolutions ana rebellions The right of revolution IS one of the most clearly recognized rights or
 a people, and nearly all, II not ever sctntilla of human liberty enjoyed III the world today is the fruit or revolu- tion Rut the South and Central Amerl- cans do not revolt in order to win noer- tv and freedom of thought and actlon' but to win office and power .,.
 The influence to be exercised Dy thls country would be entirely moral. IL would not undertake to decide as to tne merits of either side in revolutionary ap, neal to arms; but it would use its moral bower to prevent such nasty appeals to weapons as a universal means Of arpltra- ment in the South. It would insist gen. tIy. but firmly, upon the maintenance or neace and order. No great uprising against tyranny would be elicited, 1T sucn occurred; but this country would ln- terpose merely to assist in the real work of governments the preservation or or der and the guaranteeing security to life and property. Mexico's prosperity has been due al most solely to the strong government | that Diaz has maintained. It passed 1 through a fiery ordeal of revolutions, un- 1 iii there emerged one day from the ranks l of the "rurales." or country police, th1s strong -brainad and strong-hearted man. Since then revolution has ceased in Mex | ico and that republic has progressed more than all of the other republics or | Central and South America combined. Cuba has advanced with tremendous | strides since the establishment of peace | and since the maintenance or peace was guaranteed by this country:
 What the United States helped to bring about in Mexico-by forcing the French | out and enabling the Mexicans to win | their way-and what it has accomplished | in Cuba--by guaranteeing the perpetua- | tion of good government and tranquility. | the security of life and property-it will | undertake in South and Central Amer