The daily morning journal and courier., 1902-05-22
of Them Were Put.

Models.-strsnge Uses to Which Many
 of Them Were Put.
 However interesting they may have
 been in other aspects, it does not ap-
 pear that the Troglodytes or other
 Earth Dwellers troubled themselves
 much about the architectural character
 of their abodes. And yet it is probably
 from some prehistoric race of these
 peoples that the almost universal adop-
 ton of subterranean constructions was
 derived, producing in many cases
 works of stupendous magnitude. Many of the accounts of such that have come
 down to us have ben discredited by modern critics, not seldom for no other
 apparent reason than that to some
 minds the primary meaning Of tra-
 dition is something to be disbelieVed in.
 Perhaps, too, if it be not treason to sug- gest such a thing, ther is something of
 jealousy in the incredulity. It is not
 particularly flattering to our amour propre to reflect that the anclents, "va- cant of our glorious gains" in the way of mechanism and applied science, could turn out work nearly equal, in some respects superior to our own achievements. Whether ther was truth or not In these traditions, it is certain that at a very early date men had the idea of underground achitecture.
 Herodotus tells us that in the time of Sardanapalus certain thieves antlcl- pated Sherlock Holmes "Red-Handed League" and dug a subterranean pas sage from their own dwelling to the royal treasure vaults. Zalmoxis, who was worshipped as a deity by the Getae, is said to have acquired his supernat- ural reputation by having secret un- derground dwelling prepared, into which, after asserting his own immor- tality, he disappeared for three years after which he again exploited himself as proof positive of the truth of his boast. Demosthenes, again. is said to have acquired his powers of eloquence by constant solitary practice in an un- derground chamber which he had con- structed for the purpose. In our own country there is the early tradition which tells of the underground palace made by Locrinus, son of Brutus, for his Chere annie, the Saxon Princess Esynt. Beyond the fact that this pal ace was fin London" the old chronicles leave us in doubt as to its locality.
 There is no restriction on conjecture, so we may if we please associate this with that rather better authenticated product of underground architecture the passage which led from Baynards Castle to a certain house on Pauls Wharf, which was occupied, so court scandal averred, by another frail beau ty, the famous "Far Rosamund," whose royal friend was thus able to wis., it her without undue publicity It is possible that Feels old ballad, embody- ing some of the popular islanders against Queen Eleanor, wife of the first Edward, referred simply to supernatur- al agency. and was guiltless of any sug- gestion of underground locomotion. Those, however, who delight in discov- ering cryptic prophecies in unlikely places may be of opinion that the inner circle, or some other modern subterran- can city railway is not obscurely hint ed at. For what says the ballad?
 At Cf1aring- cross she sank
 Into the ground alive,
 And, after, rose to life again
 In London at Queenhithe- a description quite applicable to the royal lady taking ticket at the former place, and being disgorged by the "ele- vator" at the latter.
 There are however, numerous tradi- lions of other achievements of under ground architecture which are not al- together or at all unauthentic. There is the often -talked-of passage from High gate or Hampstead to St. Albans, in variably associated with the redoubt able Dick Turpin. Certain traces are said to have been found. and of the many hazarded explanations perhaps the most plausible is that which sug yests that 1t was the commencement, in Roman times, of an enormous military | work between London and Verulamium. There was said to be an underground | ,a ssage in connection with Sir Thomas | More's house at Chelsea though neither | ts destination or dimension seems to | ,e known Tradition asserts too that | here was a similar way from the Tow sr of London to the Old Palace at FL ham: and less shadowy authority de- flares that it was from a subterranean  . affected his escape from the jailership If Col Whelley. Relating to the other principal actor in the grim drama of re- ,ellion and regicide is the tradition of m underground passage from Crom- vell's house at Westminster, and read ITS of Dumas will not forget the effec- i've use he makes of this belief in Twenty Years After
 It is only natural that many of these traditions of underground passages and wellngs should associate them with eligious houses or churches the obi- ations of sanctuary the political im- ortance of ecclesiastics, and the fluc- uating relations between Church and tate. making secrecy of transit and bode often absolutely essential. There { yas the alleged subterranean communi- ation between Southampton and Net /: sy Abbey: another between Warwick | 'astle and St. Johns Priory; another etween the Castle and Priory at l ewes. From the famous Abbey of his oric Tewkesbury there ran, it was said, : passage underground to Malvern ossibly to the monastery founded t 1ere by the Confessor
 From Durham Cathedral. half | t hurch of God, half tower against the cots,'' the monks could pass to the g eautiful Abbey of Kirkstall from the -ateIv Renedictine Church al Rpadiner