The Lancaster ledger. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1852-1905, 1902-09-10
THE VIEWS OF AN EXPERT.
What Has Been Done in Development
OF Dairying and Stocking Raising.

OF DairyinS and Stocking Raising.
Mr.. l.. A. Ransom, who is well
known i'm the South on account of his
conspicuous work in agricultural mat
terS and his connection with the South
carolina department of agriculture,
ana now with the Southern Cotton Oil
Company, as District Manager, at At
lanta, Ga, in writing about the infu-
ence OF cotton seed products on the de-
Yelopment of dairying In the South,
says:
About 1850, a few wealthy and en-
terprising Southern planters imported
some Devon cattle from England.
Ihese were turned loose in cane
prakes with the native scrubs and al
lowed to roam over large areas of
wooded country, picking up a precari-
GUS living on the scant pasturage af-
forded by the woods freshly burned
over by the forest fires in the spring.
Although widely scattered and n few
In number, the prepotency of this breed
was so great that in many sections the
evidence of this infusion of good blood
is still visible In tho stock
mo we'll to-do planter at that time
considered that he had milch COWS
enough to supply the wants of his fam
lily unles he owned at least twenty-five
or thirty head, These droves of half
wild and half-famished animals were
located towards nightfall by the ring
ing of bell hung around the neck of
the leader. They were driven to the
cow-pen, sometimes miles from where
they were found in the woods. n spas-
modic effort was made to extract mill,
from them, penned up over night and
second attempt made upon them the
next morning. The average yield was
about one quart per cow.
THE idea of increa sing this produc-
ton by judicious feeding was not
thought of. This was the rule but of
course there were notable exceptions
People who did not own unlimited acres
FIN.
and butter, took better care of their
cows, fed them regularly, and allowed
them to pasture during the day on
their nefghbors' land. This pasturing
was more to give them proper eXer-
else, and keep them healthy than to
afford them any means of subsistence
To such an extent had the cattle in
terests of South Carolina in 1850 depre-
ciated that the repairs to the farm
fence cost more than the value of the
cattle in the State, and the probability
Is that the same was equally true Of
nearly all the Southern States"
Then came the mo Fence Law"
which compelled the owners to fence
the cattle instead of the crops. This
forced the farmers to own good milch
cows, or none at all, as it became too
expensive to feed poor stock About
appeared the Jersey" on the scene. n
breed of cattle as suited to the needs
OF those who were too poor to own
cow, and too proud to milk goat"
But this beautiful little animal soon
demonstrated that she was not a
gutter" and, furthermore, that she
filled long felt want" and. with
proper attention, gave rich returns on
her cost and keep, and, like the Irish
mans pig that he raised In the cabin
with his children, she paid the rent"
as we'll as the freight AS compared
with the Devon, she was smaller Ia
statue and gave less milk, but the pro-
nf tn, I,aN cha
did give, far exceeded that of the De-
Won, the Durham, and Holstein, and
she promptly became the prime favor
lte of small families and butter r-mak-
ers. But she could not live without
feed. and butter could not be produced
profitably on corn meal, wheatbran, or
cowpea diet, nor could it be produced
at all on what the Jersey could pick
UP in the pastures.
Nature, always lavish, but proVident,
hid away coal in the earth for ages,
only to he uncovered when the world
needed 1T most, pointed the way to the
gold fields only when this precious
metal was absolutely required for the
worlds commerce. and covered from
sight the phosphate rock of the Caro-
linas until improvident man had de-
stroyed the fertility of the fields. like
wise she held back the material re-
quired to make dairying in the South
possible and profitable, until condi-
tions were favorable for it's use.
The advent of the Jersey COW cre-
ated demand for cheap and rich
food, which the oil mills supplied with
hulls and meal. In a list of fifty Of
the leading feed materials of the Uni
ted States, the National Department of
Agriculture ranks cotton seed meal
first in feeding value and places the
value of cotton seed hulls for the same
purpose above the best timothy hay.
The use of these products has fully
sustained the departments reports,
and dairy farming is fast becoming an
industry of Importance, and this has
been largely the result of the liberal
policy of the Southern Cotton Oil Co.
of the Carolinas and Georgia, which
has headquarters at Columbia, S. c.,
Atlanta, Ga, Savannah, Ga. and Char
lotte, N. c., Goldsboro, n. c., and Au-
gusta, Ga.
Around the large cities in the South
dairfes are successfully operated. sup
plying the people with wholesome
l milk. and rich golden butter from cows
fed on hulls and meal. The country
mills have accomplished the same
| thing for the farms and small towns
Around the factory towns the small
mills make dairying POSSIBLE, and pro-
| fitable, as the demand from the opera
| tives is sufficient to consume all the
| milk and butter that can be produced.
and the use of meal for fertilizing the
land. which Is sold reasonably by the
| Southern Cotton Oil Company, has
| greatly enlarged the area devoted to
| truck farming Of all kinds.
Without oil mill products dairying
would be impossible in many sections
of the South. The abundance, Cheap
ness and convenience Of the products
has already developed the business to
| an interesting extent and 1t is only in
| its infancy, and its growth Will In
crease rapidly each year with the
steady Improvement in the grade of
milch cows. Oleomargarine contains
about forty per cent. milk, and the
compound Is n wholesome product.
The establishments of cooperative fac
tories for it's manufacture in the vi
cinitY of oil mills where refined oil
L can be had would give q tremendnna