davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24
ROYS AND PIlPPIES.

You can raise in most cases just the
sort of a boy you want. The boy is
very like puppy or colt. He may be
allowed to run wild when young and
in the most natural way in the world
will grayitate into a "yaller' dog
around town or sheep killing pest or
else bucking, kicking, worthless bron-
cho, or he may be trained (commenc-
ing very young, mind YOU and develop
ed into a fifty dollar dog or a two
hundred dollar horse. In these lat
ter days there is altogether too much
Importance charged up to heredity,
the crediting of the meanness and
general cusSedness Of men to their
poor old grandfathers, when the
real truth is that if the father and
mother of the boy would take him in
hand as soon as he is weaned and train
him on moral and intellectual lines as
they would carefully and sensibly train
puppy or Il colt they would have a
boy to be proud of instead of scad to
be everlastingly ashamed of. A boy
has to be made of more than average
good stuff if he ever aspires to be a
better man than his dad.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24

sion of good will toward our brethren
across the seas. 1t was generally felt
in this country that the comfy of ma
tons demanded that the United States
take special recognition of so great an
event as the browning of the ruler of u
friendly state.
Mr.. Whitelaw Reid. who has been ap-
pointed special ambassador, also repre-
scented this country at Queen Victoria s
jubilee in 1897 and the following year
was Il member of the peace commission
to Paris He served as United States
minister to France during President
Harrison's administration. Twice he
has refused the appointment of minis
ter to Germany. Mr. Reid was born in
Nenia, o., in 1881 and for thirty years
has been editor in chief and chief pro-
prietor of the New York Tribune
General james II. Wilson, who will
represent the army. was one of the
best known officers of the civil war and
assisted in the capture of Jefferson Da-
Wis. AS a cavalry leader he is still re-
garded by many officers who served
with him as the equal of Sheridan.
General Wilson is now Il brigadier gen.
eral on the retired list
The representative of the navy, Cap
tain Charles Edgar Clark, is a naval
officer of distinction. He commanded
the battleship Oregon during the war
with Spain, and his memorable run of
$4,000 miles from San Francisco to
Florida stands alone. The part he took
in the destruction of Cervera's fleet is
still fresh in the public mind. Captain
Clark was born at Bradford, VT, in
1913 and left the Naval academy to
take part in the civil war. He was
with Farragut at the battle of Mobile
Bay.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24
GO TO KIRK.

A decent and respectful observance
of the Sabbath day is always helpful
and beneficial. Purely physical rea-
sons demand a periodical cessation
from daily toll both for man, animals
and machines. This rest day should be
made a good day. The church in all its
varied branches crystallizes the reli-
gious instinct and in a fitting manner
gives it expression. Man may live and
seemingly prosper making all days
workdays, but still in a broad sense
he has made bad mistake and placed
an unpleasant burden upon the parson
or priest when it comes to burying
him. Sunday should be in the fullest
sense a rest day, and if with this can
be coupled a mental and moral devel-
opment of the man one day in seven
is thus well spent. While you may
think the mass or the prayers or the
sermon or song has no mission for you,
still all the same you will be better
man morally and physically if you go
to church.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24
TOO MANY LAWS.

A good many state legislatures are
just now in session. In most of them
are a lot Of third rate attorneys who
need watching pretty close to prevent
them from putting lot of useless leg
islation on the statute books. We have
too many laws and not a few which
are so contrary to public sentiment
that they remain a dead letter. We
cite as an instance a law which was
passed in our own state of Iowa some
years ago, which required the town.
ship authorities to erect signboards at
all four corners of the public high
ways. The absurdity of the law was
so apparent when it was undertaken
to put it into practice that everybody
laughed and dropped it. Still, this law
has never been repealed. Then there
are laws on hundred and one petty
matters, so many that not even the
lawyers themselves can interpret them,
let alone the common people.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24
PATE DE FoIE GRAs.

The above is the name of a high
priced delicacy much affected by the so
called epicurean rich, and what is it?
A matured goose is shut up in box so
small that it can just stand upright
and stick its head through the hole in
the top. 1t is then fed the most concen-
trated foods highly seasoned with con-
diments. This feeding is done forcibly,
the food being forced down the gulet
of the bird with a stick made for that
purpose. Soon after this treatment be-
gins the liver of the bird becomes en-
larged and diseased and keeps on
growing in size until it will weigh as
much as the liver of good sized calf
The bird is kept until it is just ready to
die, when it is killed and the liver TAX
en- and given a special secret treat
ment, when it is packed in jars and
gold labeled and then passes through
the usual channels of trade to the cpl
curean consumer. These diseased liy-
ers bring the producer, the small farm
ers of Alsatia, from 81 to 81 apiece,
and the more diseased the goose which
produced them the higher price they
bring. Now, If tempted to order pate
de foie gras" on. your bill of fare at
some tony restaurant, you will know
just exactly what you are getting and
eating.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24
PERMANENT PASTURES.

we nave one or two inquiries as to
permanent pastures-how to get them
and what kind Of grasses to sow. An
answer TO this to be worth anything
must presuppoSe q knowledge of soil
ana latitude, yes, and longitude also.
In the western range country west of
longitude 100 there is probably no bet
ter permanent pasture to be had than
That consisting of the native grasses,
ana these must not be too closely fed
off or the weeds will soon take the
place of the grasses. In the corn belt,
MS far south as central Missouri, the
permanent pasture becomes in fact a
pure blue grass pasture in very few
years, no matter what kind of grasses
may be sown. We know of one case
where eight different kinds of grass
seed was sown, to make theoretically,
Mt least, a model permanent pasture,
but at the end of four years there was
nothing to be found there but blue
grass and Il little white clover in spots.
The land usually devoted to permanent
pasture is generally unfit for cultiva-
tlon, either being too rough, broken or
wet. For the rough and broken tracts
nothing is better than blue grass, while
the wetter lands may be improved by
the addition of timothy and alsike
clover. A good job is always done in
the early spring when a man takes
some grass seed-medium clover, white
clover, blue grass and timothy-and,
scarifying the bare spots with a disk
harrow, sows some seed with liberal
hand. 1t is overstocking which spoils
the permanent pasture, and if one is so
situated that such pasture can be di-
vided and one half fed off at a time,
giving the other half chance to grow,
the pasture would be more productive
and enduring. The good permanent
pasture should always be in such con-
dition that the owner would feel sure
that he could carry more head of stock
in it.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24
TREASURY SURPLUS.
HOW UNCLE SAM PROVIDES FOR ITS
SAFE KEEPING.

Grown So Large That the Old Vaults
Cannot Hold DEMONSTRATION of
New StronghoIds Necessary-Care
Used In Making Paper Money.
Uncle Sam has accumulated so much
money these last few years that he
hardly knows where to keep it, The
great surplus in the treasury. amount
ing to over 5000, 100000, has overlooked
his old stronghold and made necessary
the construction of new and more
commodious vault which will hold $780,
100000 in money, not TO mention vast
quantities of gold and silver bullion.
The new vault is twelve feet square,
and its walls rise to the same height.
1t is built entirely of steel. The lining
of this money chest is composed Of
bessemer steel plates three-eighths of
an inch thick, and these are bolted to
steel framework built into the ma
sorry. In this vault are nearly 6000
pigeonholes, also of steel.
Craftsmen could make but little i'm
preston on this receptacle OF the ma
tons wealth. This new vault can only
be entered through the old vault, and
there are many obstacles to overcome
before reaching the first one. 1t is i'm
possible TO determine its location from
the outside of the building. Two spe-
cial guards are on duty, but even if
these should be overcome the impreg-
nable doors bar all farther progress.
1t was not always so. There is a
story told in Washington that once
upon Il time a committee of investiga-
ton invited a delegation of bank bur-
glars to try their skill on the doors of
a vault then in use. The committee
believed them secure. The story goes
that the wielders of the jimmy exam
ined the situation infinitely, smiled
knowingly and, using their tools for Il
few minutes, invited the committee to
enter the open doors.
Besides the security afforded by
steel and masonry the treasury has n
most complete system of guards. The
building is patrolled day and night by
about seventy-ive watchmen, who
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24
APPLES ON CRAB TRUNKS.

Here is nut for the apple man to
crack: Two apple trees, one located
near Dubuque and the other ON the
prairie in north central Iowa, are hale
and hearty and bearing good crops Of
fruit at thirty-two years of age. There
is nothing very remarkable about this,
but when we say that both these trees
are Seek No Farther apples, top graft
ed on the stock of Siberian crab, the
Seek No Farther being an apple which
1t is utterly impossible to raise upon a
root graft in the territory named, it be-
comes fact of much interest for all
fruitmen. These trees, surviving the
climatic changes and shocks of thirty
two years and bearing abundant crops
Of one of the best apples in the world
on their little Russian trunks, is an OBJ
ject lesson which should be needed by
all those who are interested in growing
fine apples. We also know of Jona-
than apples so top worked which are
bearing fine crops of splendid fruit in
southern Minnesota, a territory in
which the Jonathan apple is no more
at home than is our colored brother
Facts like the foregoing should be
needed and acted upon by our fruit
men.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24


Treasury vault in which are stored $685.,
100000 in gold and silver bars1
work in three reliefS The office of
the captain of the guards is provided
with recording devices, to which each
Waterman sends report every half
hour. The captains office is also in
continuous communication with the
police force of Washington and also
with Fort Meyer and the Washington
arsenal, so that III an emergency a
force of police and soldiers could be
instantly summoned.
Arms and ammunition for thou
sand men are stored in the parts of
the building where money is kept.
Electricity is used throughout the
building to afford quick communica
ton, and the armed guards may be
summoned by the treasurer, assistant
treasurer or cashier by simply push
ing button.
At o'clock each afternoon all the
doors Of the building are closed eX-
cept the main entrance, and an hour
building are in the custody of the cap
tain of the watch. Outside the build
ing Is another armed force of watch
men, disposed so as to command the
entire exterior of the treasury and it's
approaches.
Thus protected Uncle Sans money
is safe from burglars, and any of such
gentry as might have the foolhardness
to attempt to possess themselves Of it
would have a great deal of trouble.
The guarding of the national treas
ure, however, begins long before it
reaches the Washington stronghold.
The factory at Dalton, Mass, where
the paper upon which currency is
printed is hedged about with safe
guards designed to prevent its theft, as
also to prevent any knowledge of the
chemical and mechanical processes in
Its manufacture from becoming known.
In the bureau of engraving and
printing the most minute precautions
are taken to prevent theft. particular
ly as to the engraved plates from
which bank notes and government
bonds are printed. These are kept in
vaults when not in use and every night
must be turned over to the proper Gus
todians. Until every plate and note
and sheet of paper is properly ac-
counted for no one may leave the
building.
Thus carefully is the money of the
nation protected, and it would seem
impossible for any one to acquire any
Of it unlawfully. In one or two cases
this has happened, but the culprits
were quickly discovered.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24
THESE MAKE A MISTAKE.

We know of some men who are 60
ing to get their heads into sling by
going daft over this land craze, and
these the men who buy farms at $75 an
acre, making a small payment down
and expecting to pay the balance out
Of profits made on the farm. These
forget that these high priced farms are
many of them pretty well run out
been cropped for forty or fifty years
and that existing high values for all
farm produce are abnormal and not at
all likely to continue beyond the time
when the law of supply and demand
shall eQualize prices. 1t is all right to
buy such farm for an investment,
paying for it when the deed is passed,
as it will rent for enough to pay low
rate of interest upon the investment,
but this is very different proposition
from that of trying to pay for such a
farm from its products.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24
THINNING THE FRUIT.

The timely and proper thinning of
the fruit on the orchard trees is mat
ter which should receive far more at
ention than it does. The peach men in
Michigan. Delaware and Georgia and
the orange and prune men of the west
ern coast are we'll up on the impor
lance of this matter, but the majority
of fruit rasers other than these named
pay little or no attention to it. In any
season when the apple or plum tree
sets very full of fruit and the same is
not thinned out by frost or insect or
by natural means then the tree should
be attended to. Such crops of fruit al
lowed to mature are always of infe-
rior quality and understood and often
unstable. while the bearing of such
a crop is most fearful drain upon
the vitality of the tree. Man never in
terferes with the operation of natural
law with more benefit to himself and
his orchard trees than when he thins
)ut two-thirds of any such crop Of
fruit. 1t must not be understood, how
ever, that this principle can properly
Je applied to large families of chill
dren.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24

Now that we know that consumption Is
a disease communicable from one to an
other by contact and breathing the air
already breathed by the consumptive the
hygiene of separate beds ought to receive
public recognition. In all bedrooms the
heads of the beds should be an inside
wall. If this cannot be arranged, then
the wall and the ceiling for space cor
responding to the bedstead should be COW
cred with thick serge, loosely attached
to the wall, to prevent the formation OF
cataracts of air chilled by the cold wall
which will otherwise fall on the sleeper.
The worst of colds are caught In this
simple way in hesmall hours of the morn
ing, and many a fatal senile or infantile
bronchitis might be prevented by this
timely expedient. Remember that for
very old or very young people nocturnal
variations Of temperature are extremely
dangerous. For the same reason the bed
must not be placed between badly fit
ting window and the flue or the doorway.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24
A FAVORED SPOT,

There is a small and specially favor
ed territory which embraces the east
ern half of South Dakota and the
northwestern one-fourth of Iowa
where, timely rains falling, most
magnificent crop of corn was secured.
about the best ever raised i'll that Sec
ton. 1t is needless to comment upon
the kind of prosperity which follows in
the wake of fifty bushels of corn to
the acre at 60 cents bushel. 1t means
the doubling of farm land values
whereon the crop was raised, mort
gage extinction, new houses with
modern improvements, the substitution
of elegant carriages for lumber wagons
when the corn raiser goes to kirk or to
a wedding or funeral; it means college
for the boys and girls, a new steel
range for mother in the kitchen and a
plano for the girls in the parlor. What
about the fellow who is forced to buy
this corn at this price? Oh, that's an
other question and not a part of this
item.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24
ORR FARM MACHINES IN RUSSIA.

American reapers, harvesters, horse
rakes and mowers are being adopted
in nearly every part of agricultural
Russia to the exclusion of all other
kinds. Few people realize the enor-
nous field this opens to the American
manufacturer of farm machinery, the
cereal producing area of Russia far ex-
ceeding in extent that of this country.
There are vast sections of Russia
where even yet the Russian peasant
cuts all his grain with scythe or era
die, tramps the grain out with oxen
and winnows it with the wind, as in
the old Mosaic times. Born serf out
of a generation of serfs, this ignorant,
vodka drinking, illiterate clod of the
soil is slow to sense his opportunities
and waits the magic touch of modern
progress to enable him to build states
like those of our own northwest out OF
the Siberian wilderness.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24
SHORT CORN CROP TROUBLES.

The short crop of corn for 1901 and
the consequent high price which this
cereal commands are affecting some
agricultural interests very unfavora-
bly,, notably the dairy interests and
the feeders of cattle and hogs for the
market. Conditions this winter are
such that it is almost impossible for a
man to handle dairy Of cows with
profit, the price of dairy products hav-
ing failed to maintain profitable rela-
ton to the foodstuffs out of which
they are made. The corn at Go cents
and average beef and pork at So cents
pound is another Improbable condi-
ton of things for the man who feeds
the corn. 1t is one of those rare years
when the man who has stock is at
disadvantage and when the man
who raises grains and forage to sell
has his innings.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24

The worlds sugar supply is very
large and is constantly increasing.
Modern methods of culture and manu-
facture applied to the sugar cane and
the sugar beet are revolutionizing this
Industry. Once put Yankee brains and
machinery in conjunction with the
sugar producing soil of Cuba, Porto
Rico and the Philippines in cane cul-
ture and manufacture and with the
vast irrigatable sections of the desert
west Of our own country in beet culture
and America need not depend for a
single pound Of the vast quantity Of
sugar which it consumes upon any for
eign nation.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24
ONE HUNDRED YEARS AGO.

1t is matter of history that a hun
dred years ago, before the fine roads
Of England had been built, the farmers
living contiguous to the city of London
vigorously protested against the use of
public money for the Improvement of
the fearful winter roads leading to the
city on the ground that such improved
highways would hurt their sales Of
produce by enabling farmers from a
distance to bring their stuff to market.
The years may come and the years
may go, but old human nature remains
lust the same.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24

from her majesty for her assistance In
fitting out the transport ship Maine for
the South African war.
Quite recently she started swagger
society by setting up a teashop in
London. She justified this by declar-
ing that by this means she hoped to
pay her debts. This speech pleased
King Edward, and her going into trade
did not bar her from the inner court
circles.
In appearance she is tall and stately,
with magnificent dark eyes and hair. a
captivating smile and a perfect figure.
She was born Gladys Herbert and is a
sister of Mr. Michael Herbert, who
married Miss Wilson, Mrs. Cornelius
Vanderbilt, Jr.'s, eldest sister.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24
The Tertiary Epoch.

The So called mesozoic epoch was
brought to close by the cataclysm due
to contraction and consequent crnmbling
of the earths crust which upheavcd the
Rocky mountains and Andes on this hem
isphere and the Alps, Pyrenees, Balkans
and Himalayas on the other side of the
world. Incidentally to this tremendous
alteration in the face of the earth all the
giant reptiles were wiped out of exist
ence. This event opened what is called
today the tertiary epoch. 1t is in the ter
tiary epoch that we live now. AT the be-
ginning of this epoch the only reptiles
which survived were the snakes. lizards,
turtles and crocodiles, all of them resem-
bling closely those of their kind which ex-
LIST today.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24
Room For Doubt.

They were newly married and were
spending their honeymoon in Rothesay.
At the expiration of week they sent a
letter to the old home. In which it was
written that '.the weather was lovely and
that they often INDUCED in short row
in the mornings"
Next day, on returning to lunch after
an hours boating. they found telegram
awaiting thems which said: "You say you
have bad short row. How do you pro-
nounce last word? Your anxious IA
ther."- Exchange.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24

An Americas boy-young man per.
maps would b. setter, for he is twenty.
one years old, though he only weighs
ninety pounds-will draw bigger sal.
airy the coming year than the president
of the United States $50, 000-as a
horse jockey under contract with the
king of England to ride the kings race
horses. The boy is probably cheap at
this price when the stakes he will win
for his royal master are taken into ac-
count. The king is also shrewd in get
ting an American boy to ride his
horses, for if there is prize to be won
the American usually wins it.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24

A stockman who five years ago Sc
lected three very promising and well
bred steer calves with the purpose in
view of seeing how big he could make
them succeeded in making them aver
age over 1900 pounds each at the end
of five years, but he was greatly disap-
pointed when he sold them in Chicago
in December last, for, big and fat as
they were, they sold at only So per
hundredweight, when baby beef-well
finished steers fifteen months old
weighing 1,200 pounds-brought $7.30.
This man overdid the beef business
and produced type of beef which is
not salable or profitable.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24
Exncu,iye wcddinr Presents,

One of the most striking features of an
up to date wedding is present giving and
receiving. Wedding presents.of late have
become positive tax on society.
They are not given because the donor
is fond of the bride or the bridegroom, but
simply because it is the fashion. and each
year as luxury increases wedding pres
ents become more costly.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-01-24

A lumber company during its last
winters work in the north woods en-
ploying 200 men, had during the winter
no less than 1000 different men upon
its pay roll. The trouble was that
Just as soon as man had earned
enough to go to Minneapolis and have
q rip roaring old time he would quit
work. This sort would be better Off
rs slaves than as free men.