The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1902-06-15

. j
/ ueath D. within three days after cap
7 ture if it be discovered that he belongs
+ 20 q corps which gives no quarter I'm
/ necessary Or-reVengeful destruction OF
. ne rs not lawful. Modern war usages
+ permits no violence against prisoners
+ IN order to extOrt information or to
punish them for having given false
information
Men who commit hostilities. whether
I 10y hghiing or by raids of any kind
without being part of the ORGANIZED
| nostiie army and without sharing con-
tinuously in the war but who intermit-
tentiy retuvu TO their homes. or oc-
caslonally assume the semblance of
/ peaceful pursuits, divesting themselves
/ OF the character or appearance of sol
dlers, are not entitled TO the treatment
or prisoners Of war. but shall be treat
cd summary as highway robbers OF
/ pirates.
Armed providers, by whatever name
| they may be called, or persons of the
enemy's territory, who steal within the
/ lines of the hostile army for the pur-
POSE OF robbing killing or of destroying
| bridges roads or canals. or rObbing
the mail or cutting telegraphs are not
entitled TO the privileges of prisoners
of war
wv NA Nbcf- dtt itESOilS MlLnln an
occupied territory who rise in arms
against the occupying or conquering
l army or against the authorities eS-
tablished by the same. If captured
they may suffer death whether they
rise stngly or in large or small bands,
| or whether they are called upon to dc
so by their own, but expelled. govern
: ment or not. They are not prisoners of
war, nor are they if discoveed and Sc
| eued before their conspiracy has ma
tured 10 an actual rising or to armed
violence
All intercourse between the terri
tories occupied by bellfgerent armies.
by traffic. letter, travel or in any other
way ceases. Contraventions of this
rule are highly punishable.
: spy is a person who secretly, in
disguise or under false pretense. seeks
information with the intention of com
municating it to the enemy. He is pun
ishable with death by hanging whether
or not he succeeded i'm obtaining the
information or in communicating it to
the enemy
A war traitor as a person in a dis
trict under martial law who. unau-
thorized by the commander. gives in
formation of any kind to the enemy or
holds intercourse with him. He is al
ways severely punished. If his Offense
consists in betraying 10 the enemy any
thing concerning the condition. safety.
operations or plans of the troops OF
occupation his punishment is death
IL the citizen of an invaded country
gives information TO his own govern
ment from which he is separated by
the hostile army or to the army of his
government, he is war traitor and
death is the penalty. If a citizen of an
invaded district voluntarily serves as
guide for the enemy, or offers to do
So he is a war traitor, and shall suffer
death
The law Of war. like THE criminal
Jaw regarding other Ofenses. makes no
difference because Of sex. concerning
The spy, the war traitor or the war
rebel.
Prisoners OF war may be released by
exchange or parole. The parole is the
pledge of individual good faith and
honor to do. or 10 omit doing, certain
acts after ne who gives the parole
shall have been wholly or partly re-
leased from the power of the captor
Breaking parole is punishable by death.
The law of war does NOT allow pro-
claiming either an individual belonging
TO the hostile army. or a citizen. or a
subject of the hostile government. an
outlaw who may be slain without trial
by any captOr. any more than the mod
ern law Of peace allows such interna-
tiOnal OVtlaWry; on the contrary, it abb
hors such outrage.
The steruest retaliation should follow
the murder committed in consequence
of such proclamation made by what
ever authority Civilized nations look
with horror upon offers OF rewards for
the assassination of enemies, as re-
lapses into barbariSm.
Common justice and plain eXpediency
require that the military commander
protect the manifestly loyal citizens,
IN revOlted territories. against the
hardships of the war. as much as the
common misfortune of all war admits.
The commander viii throw the bur-
den of the war, as much as lies within
his power, on the disIOyal citizens of
the revolted portion or province, SUBJ
jeCting them to a stricter police than
the non cOmbatant enemies have to
suffer in regular war: and if he deems
it appropriate. or If his government
demands of him that every citizen
shall. by an oath of allegiance, or by
some other manifest act declare. his
fidelity to the legitimate government.
he may cXpel, transfer imprisOn Or
fine the rey0lted citizens who refuse to
pledge themselves anew as citizens
obedient TO the law and loyal to the
government.
Whether ii is expedient to DO so. and
whether reliance can be placed upon
such 0aths. the commander or his gov
eminent have the right to decide.
This is the substance of general or
ders 100 Some Of it reads now as
though DIT. Lieber fOresaw I'm 1863 eX
actly the conditions that would arise
in some Of the districts of the Philip
pines.