davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1902-11-08
REPuRLIcANs MusT AcT.

From the Chicago Record-Herald. Rep.
 Republican success in the future de- bends very largely on the construction that is put upon the result of the cleo tions in Iowa. Minnesota and Wisconsin. That the republican majorltes in those states should run from 25.0OO to 75,00O IS not of itself of much significance. For they are all normally republican in spite of occasional twists the other way. and in long period of years it will be found that substantial maJorities are the rule At present moreover the state admlnis- trations are republican, and both the Fifty-sixth and Fifty-seventh congresses each state has been represented by a solid republican delegation.
 What is to be specially noted, however, is that the republicansm which has won this fall in all three states is not the republicanism of Senator Aldrich or of Senator Hanna. While some of the party leaders have echoed the cries of Let well enough alone" and Stand pat" the Iowa idea has been very much in evil dence with an interpretation of differ ent import. The voters have understood unquestionably that the party was sin cerely pledged to put some meaning into the expression ''the tariff should be re- vised by it's friends" They have not puzzled over ''subjunctives,' but have felt that some of the tariff rates were actually excessive and that some of them afforded shelter for trusts. And if the men whom they have elected to congress mere ly put the question off it is certain that they will be called to a strict account ing and made to feel that the flckle pop ulace Is a trife too steadfast for the fickle politician.
 The representative of the opposition, who, like Lind of Minnesota, Is elected to congress over an anti-reciprocity stall wart IS the small cloud upon the horizon. Whether a storm shall follow or not will be determined by the choice of the re- publicans between acts and promises. If they have nothing but promises to offer while they are still in full control of the government the victories of this year will be the preludes of disaster two years hence.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1902-11-08
Our National Debt.

In 1860 the interest-bearing debt of the country stood at 65,000,000; in 1885 it had reached the enormous sum of &, ,6S0, ,647, ,S69, and not little of it bore a high rate of interest. Wars mean national debts, and between 1860 and 1865 we had very foolishly in- dulged in civil war of unprecedented ma znitude. It brought us an almost unprecedented debt.
 But o. P. Archer in the North Amer ican Review shows that our interest bearing debt has been reduced to $969, ,457, ,241, and the annual interest charge to S27,542,945 The per capita of debt is now $12.27, and the annual per capita interest on account of the civil war is now 35 cents, or one twelfth of that of 1865. The per capita interest charge of France is sixteen times, and that of Great Britain six times, greater.
 This is the only country in the world that is able to float per cent bond, and it is nearly the only country that has no permanent debt, In other countries, public debts are not re- deemable at a fixed date, and as a matter of fact they are not as rule redeemed at all. They are carried as a permanent incubus. Not so in this country. All of our interest-bearing debt is met at maturity, and there is a fixed intention to cancel it as soor as it can conveniently be done. This is one reason why we are able to float 2 per cent bonds.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1902-11-08

criminal assault or murder. They were anarchistic in the fullest sense of the word, and wholly uncalled for.
 Let no one. however. despair. Gov ernor Jelks is not a man of putty, and he will assuredly put down this new mob spirit in the most commanding manner. As the News says, either the law or the mob will rule in Alabama. and it will be seen that law will pre- vail while Governor Jelks is governor of the state. He is no time server, no politician. and The Age-Herald is greatly mistaken in the man if he does not make the mobs in both Anniston and in Lee county discover that law and order are still predominant in this state, and we shall be equally mis- taken if the best men in Anniston and in Lee county, as. well as in other parts of the state, do not line up solid ly behind him in any step he may take against anarchy and in favor of law He has a fine record to maintain. and he will be found equal to all demands upon him.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1902-11-08
John skeIton Williams.

Among the prominent men who will deliver addresses at the bankers con vention in New Orleans next week is marked a local f1nancier who is personal ly acquainted with MT. Williams.
 'I remember when Williams made his maiden speech or rather his first speech of any note. It was delivered before the Nashville chamber of commerce nearly twelve or thirteen years ago when MT. Williams was only about "A or % years old, but his address was thoughtful and trenchant. and would have reflected credit on matured man. His theme was the natural wealth and possibilities of the south.
 ''The speech was replete with statistics but the figures were eloquent and the conclusions were logical. The young Vir- glnian gave great promise, but little did I imagine that he would be at the head of a million dollar trust company and a strong national bank and an extensive railroad system-the Seaboard Air Line before he was 36 years old.'
 ''Wiliams is a man of scholarly attain ments, but he is self made With the ex- ception of one year at the University of Virginia, the only book learning he got was at home under his father. who was a classical scholar. When he was 21 years old he hadn't dollar except what he saved out of a salary of $50 a month His career should inspire all young men of character and capacity"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1902-11-08
CABINET HOLDS MEETING.
First Gathering of the Secretaries for
 Several Months.

Washington, November 1.-The cabinet met today for the first time in several months. There was a general discussion of the business that has accumulated since the last meeting. In view of the fact that the President is going away Monday night to be gone for two weeks, each of the cabinet officers were called upon to lay before him any matter of business that was likely to arise during his absence requiring his attention. Sec retary Hay brought forward the Colom- bian canal negotiations which were briefly discussed and he also referred to the progress made toward the negotia- tion toward a reciprocity treaty with Cuba.
 It is stated, however, that in neither case did the cabinet indicate any desire to change the policy which the state de- partment has been pursuing The mem bers of the cabinet also spent some time in examining the results of the recent elections over which there was expression of general satisfaction.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1902-11-08
Army Officers.

"The United States army is much small compared with the British army, which is very small compared with the continental armies" said a military man.
 'This country does not need large standing army, and many democratic politicians think ffty-five or sixty thou sand men, the present enlisted strength much too expensive.
 Great Britain maintains a regular army of about 250,000, including it's Indian contingent. But what strikes me as pe- culiar and anhquated in the English sys- tenn Is the large number of high gen. eral officers. The British army seems indeed top heavy from the American point of view. Our army has no officer of the rank of general and only one of the rank of lieutenant general. It has only six major generals of the line and only about fourteen or fifteen brigadiers of the line. Up to a year or so ago it had only three major generals and six brig adler generals of the line.
 ''The British army has eight field mar shals including a few honoraries like the German Emperor. It has on the a.- tive list fourteen full generals, twenty eight lieutenant generals and one hum dred and ten major generals.
 "The officers of the United States army, line and staff, number less than 4O0O. All of the American officers re- ceive larger pay than those of similar rank in Great Britain, except, perhaps, the general officers
The Birmingham age-herald., 1902-11-08
Technical Terms.

'T am often struck with the mistakes that are made by newspaper writers in the use of technical terms" said pro- fessional man. T know something about music and while I am not surprised that many persons fairly well educated in general way are ignorant about music l do not think there is any excuse for mistakes in articles about music getting into the papers, for 1t is easy enough for one to stick to plain language and avoid technical words in cases where one is not unsteady educated.
 Tn reports about church matters, the mistakes are almost as frequent as they are in articles about music. This is es- pecially true with regard to Catholic news Each religious denomination has its own nomenclature, but the Catholic church has many more technical terms than all the rest put together and non Catholic is apt to get them twisted Per sons who write about law medicine en- gineerlng. mining, metallurgy, music. painting, sculpture or ecceslology and lit- urgies would do well to read up. And since music is taught in the public schools and colleges. every one Is supposed to have at least knowledge of terms It is probable therefore, that the incorrect musical expressions will soon disappear from the newspapers"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1902-11-08
Census Count of Cotton.

It is plain that the census bureau figures gathered from 29,314 glnneries have given the market a black eye, On October IS only 2,400,O00 bales had come into sight, and yet at that time 5,925,S72 bales of the new crop had actually been baled. In other words, there were at that time 3,600,000 bales lying ready for shipment at the gins and small country towns.
 As there are no figures with which the report of the census bureau can be compared. it is difficult to judge the size of the crop by the new census re- port Another report will be issued by the census bureau covering the op- erations of the gins up to December IS, and a third report next spring. 1nere should be monthly reports be- ginning in September and lasting until the gins are stopped.
 The census bureau presents as mere guesses percentages of cotton ginned up to October IS, but like all other guesses these are valueless, and are so regarded by the trade, as the course of prices show. What the country wants are actual returns from the gins each month, and these will soon drive the talent out of the market-the Bustong and Niells and all others of that ilk.
 The reports gathered from 3S54 gins in Alabama, for example, are better guides to Alabama's crop than all the estimates that have been pre- scented, or that will be inflicted upon a patient people.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1902-11-08

headquarters will be at orizoba. Mexico. Major Pegram Is Q Yirginian and Is well known throughout the south, especially in railroad circles. He is the father of R. B. Pegram, Jr.. chief clerk in the division freight office of the South ern railway.
 E. A. Nell. general freight agent of the Southern railway. with headquarters in Atlanta. spent a day or two in Birming- ham this week. He Is a native of Selma and has host of personal friends in Alabama. He is one of the younger men who has distinguished himself in the traf- fie world.
 Judge Thomas Bradford of Cherokee, associate convict inspector, is at the Metropolitan.
 John Townsley of Cincinnati is at the Morris.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1902-11-08
Mob Spirit Aaain.

The newspapers of Alabama are ever on the side of law ana order. In speak ing of recent outbreaks of the mob spirit in some central eastern coun- ties of the state our evening contem. porary, the News, says:
 One lynching and an attempt at an- other within half a week Is anything but an encouraging record for Alabama For some time this state has been free from these degrading things, and Alabamians who have the interest of the state al teart had begun to feel gratified over the record. While Mississippi, Texas, Ar kansas and other southern states were having lynchings, burnings and other outrages against law and order. Alabama was so well behaved that it looked as fl the practice of lynching was fast dyins out in this state. Governor Jelks' stand against those who took part in these stabs at the law was looked upon as having a wholesome moral effect. His attitude met with the unqualified ap proval and support of the law-abidine cit1zenS or AldDdHd3 anu there Wert signs that lynch law as an institution had had it's day in this state.
 The News very properly and perti nently appeals to public sentiment t, assist the public authorities in ever. possible way, showing that the mol spirit at Anniston and in Lee count. related to acts that did not inyoly'
The Birmingham age-herald., 1902-11-08
GENERAL WHEELER TALKS
 OF POLITICAL OUTLOOK

suit will be the return of the demo- crats to power"
 General Wheeler spent four months dur ing the summer and part of the autumn in Europe He travelled through Scot land. remained at London for two montha and visited the historic battlegrounds of Waterloo in Belgium.
 "The most remarkable thing that att tracted me in England was the superb judicial system" said the general. Their method of settling cases in their su- preme court is certainly unique and proper The lawyers never make any long-winded speeches. In the presence of the three justices they state their cases without arguing the legal principles involved. The judges then fire questions at them until they thoroughly under stand the points at issue. The lawyers and judges discuss the case in an in- formal way and decision is rendered on the spot This Is far superior to our system. Our supreme court rulings are practically the decisions of one judge and not all the members of the court. And again. an American judge sometimea reserves his decision for months"
 General Wheeler paid special attention to military affairs while on the continent. He reviewed the military maneuvers at Toulouse, France where 55,OOO French soi- diers performed in sham battle The territory for the maneuvers extended for thirty miles and gave the soldiers an excellent opportunity to carry out the in- tricate movement known only to experi- enced army men. General Wheeler states that these maneuvers will become here after feature of the United States army. The first took place this year on a small scale but the general declares that the government will in future years initiate the European powers in having maneu- vers on larger scale.
 Speaking about his visit to the scene of the great battle of Waterloo, General Wheeler said: "I am convinced from a study of the position of the troops and the advantage held by each army that Napolean was defeated by the lack of enthusiasm among his officers. It is indicated on the ground just where each corps stood and where and when the fa- nous charges of the three days fight were made. On the topmost hill where the greatest slaughter took place the British government has erected mag nificent monument to commemorate the death of her soldiers
The Birmingham age-herald., 1902-11-08
PASSING OF THE MUSTANG.
Once Popular, But No Longer In De-
 mand In the Southwest.

From the Dallas News.
 The famous mustangs or bronchos while once very popular in the southwest, are now almost eliminated from the live stock of this section. They were popular with the western pioneers because they were very hardy. easily kept and cheap. Texas once had scarcely any other horses except mustangs and Choctaw ponies. but that pioneer age has passed.
 Since the organization of the Texas state fair the horses, in common with all other live stock in Texas. have great ly improved. The fair itself has been the principal factor and incentive to the im- provement of Texas horses. In the ear- Her years of the association the heavier breeds were largely exhibited here.
 Then the heavy drought horses of the Clydesdale, Norman and Percheron types were seen in large numbers. Of late years. however, the tendency seems to be toward the lighter breeds mostly, such as Cleveland bays and American trotter. The last-named breed is particularly In favor in Texas just now, and the fair ex- hibit this year of horses (outside of race stoclS consists almost wholly of high bred trotters and saddle animals. There are a number of fine stallions, mares and geldings of these classes on exhibition, many of which are young animals, colts and 2-year-olds. No true lover of horse flesh (not for eating purposes, however) should fail to see these handsome equines.
 It seems that the drain made upon our country for horses by the Spanish-Amer- ican war and war in the Transvaal has caused a dearth of desirable animals. The demand for family horses" is un- usually. good, and the energy of breeders seems to be now especially directed to high-bred American trotters. It seems that this class of horses Is paying the breeder much better at present than any other. The large-sized trotter is eliciting much interest from the farmers as well as from the town people. Many farmers are buying them for breeding purposes, seeing good money in this highly popu- lar class of horses.
 The sales of these animals are by no means confined to Texas buyers, either. They are being purchased by horse fan ciers in many parts of the Union, for Texas horses have a fine reputation abroad as well as at home, Many good sales of saddle and harness animals are being made daily at the fair.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1902-11-08
BELIEVE ME, IF ALL THOSE ENDEARING YOUNG CHARMS.

By Thomas Moore. Believe me- if all those endearing young charms.
 Which I gaze on so fondly today, Were to change by tomorrow. ana neec in my arms
 Like fairy-gifts fading away Thou wouldst still be ador'd, as tnis mo ment thou art, , Let thy loveliness fade as It Will And around the dear ruin each wisn or my heart ..,, Would entwine itself verdantly still. It is not while beauty and youth are thine :, own. And thy cheeks unprofand'd by a tear That the fervor and faith of soul can be known. To which time will but make thee more dear;
 No, the heart that has truly loved never forgets.
 But as surely loves cn to the close. As the sunflower turns on her god when The same look she turned when he rose,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1902-11-08
About Persons.

William Halls vice president of the Hanover National bank of New York, is at the Hillman.
 Dr. Frank Preston Venable, president of the University of North Carolina, will be the guest of MT. and Mrs. E. T. Tal- Prof. Charles venable of the University of Virginia, one of the most eminent scholars and educators that this country has ever produced. He is a first cousin of Mrs. Taliaferro.
 J. A. Inge of St. Clair was in Birming- ham yesterday.
 A. H. Darlington and W. T. Seibels of Montgomery are at the Metropolitan.
 A. M. Tunstall of Greensboro was in Birmingham yesterday.
 l. w. Hill, who was last Tuesday elect ed superintendent of education of Ala bama, spent yesterday. in Birmingham.
 w. J. BoylSin, w R. Dortch and Amos Goodhue, prominent lawyers of Gadsden, were in Birmingham yesterday.
 Waiter Merrill. prominent lawyer and democrat of Cleburne county. is at the Metropolitan.
 Major R. B. Pegram, formerly assist ant general manager of the SoutheSn railway. has been elected president of the Vera Cruz and Pacific railroad. His
The Birmingham age-herald., 1902-11-08

tocracyt Isn't that enough to give one heart disease2 The only thing that has been done in the way of redeemsng the most corrupt aristocraey on the face or the earth has been the infusion of Amer ican blood of late years Marie better call on Editor Stead if she really de- sires to get a few pointers concerning the fmmaeu1ateness of the English aris- toeraey. A few years ago MT. Stead printed some very interesting reyela- uons concerning this blameless section of the universe. It will be remembered that 1t caused several memoers of the British nobility to emigrate. and they couldn't get away fast enough.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1902-11-08
From tLe Memphis News.

From tke Memphis News.
 NA ENERAL JOSEPH WHEELER.
 O of Alabama. veteran of two wars, >@S1' and member of congress for twenty years, arrived in Memphis last night and will remain until tonight Gen eral Wheeler Is now on the retired list of the army. He lately returned from an extended tour through Europe.
 "The pendulum is now swinging in the other direction and indications point strongly to a democratic victory in 1904 D said the general when asked his opinion of the political situation. "The history of political parties shows that unless ab- normal conditions exist. party does not remain in power long. The two great par ties of our country have followed each other into power with remarkable regu- larity. About every eight years the peo- pie demanded a change and 1t came. Of course the long period of republican rule after the civil war was abnormal, for conditions existed that precluded the ap- pllcation of the general rule in the his- tory of parties.
 ''The republicans will have been in pow CT eight years at the end of President Roosevelt's term and since the special conditions due to the civil war have passed, believe that a change is coming that will land a democratic president in the White House at Washington.
 But there are special reasons which lead me to believe that democrats will be successful While the leaders at- tempt to deny and belittle it, there is division of opinion among the rank and file of the republican party on the ques- tion of tariff revision. This will result in a division of the votes in the next general election Western republicans are demanding a revision while others in the east, who exert strong influence in the councils of the party. are un- changeably opposed to it.
 There are today more democrats than republicans in the United States con- tinued General Wheeler. When asked for an explanation, he said:
 "The trouble has been since 1896 that the democrats have been unable to find a platform that all could stand on. The divergent views held has been the cause of our defeat but let the party pass a platform in 1904 that will have the ap- proval of all the democrats and the re-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1902-11-08
ROOSEVELT IS PLEASED.
Colonel Wright and J. M. Wilson Talk to Him About Work of Commission.

Washington, November 7.-Col c. D.. Wright and J. M. Wilson, members of the anthracite coal strike commission, had brief interview with the President today. They reported that the individual operators in the anthracite region had agreed to abide by the findings of tho commission, and had so notified Judge Gray, the chairman.
 President Roosevelt was particularly pleased at this conference, as it tended materially to simplify the problem which the commission is to solve. The commissioners explained in some detail their work up to this time. The Presf- dent expressed his qualification that the work had been satisfactory to those en- gagged In it
The Birmingham age-herald., 1902-11-08
Formal Decree Issued.

Newark. N. J., November IA formal decree granting the preliminary injunc- tion against the United States Steel cor poration $20o,oOO,0O0 bond conversion plan. which Vice Chancellor Emery allowed last week in the suit of J. Aspinwall Hodge and others, was signed by the vice chancellor today Immediately upon execution of the decree, Richard V. Lind abury. for the steel corporation, served notice of appeal on R. H. McCarter, rep resentlng the compliments. By agree ment of counsel the matter will be ar gued at the term which opens November
The Birmingham age-herald., 1902-11-08
REFLECTIONS OF A sAcHELos,

From the New York Press.
 Flirting is playing with fire and pre- tending 1t Is sawdust.
 Dolls are made for girls to play with, not for men to marry.
 Some vinegar gets spilled into the sweetest marriage honey.
 Most women who are busy washing the family linen in public ought to be wash ing the dishes in private.