New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1902-04-20

Mr. Hanna begins his book with facts about I
the prehistoric Caledonians tracing the history /
Of the Scots and Picts, OF the Norserlen and the |
Angles. He follows in detail the early chronicles
Of the Anglo-Saxon and the Gael and continues /
his survey Of the history of Scotland down to
the prosecutions under Charles II and the /
bishops He treats of ireland, also, from the /
time Of Henry VIII, touching upon everything /
that relates to the Scottish settlements there /
AL this which fills the first volume is little /
more than compilation and actual quotation /
from recognized historical sources, to which the /
author gives due credit. His second volume is /
devoted TO the story of the Scotch-Irish settle
ments IN the American colonies, into which he |
enters with considerable particularly, and to |
series Of appendices. The latter contain a vast
amount Of information concerning Scottish |
families and family names, with a list Of Scot
fish peers, bishops, judges and members Of the |
Scottish parliaments Mr.. Hanna has an ardent
enthusiasm for the race he has elected to cele-
brate and shows unfagging industry in re-
search. Though he disavows in his preface any
intention of writing even an outline history OF
Scotland, his book throws useful light on that |
history and as to the coming OF the Scots to |
this country and the details of their settlement |
be gives US a comprehensive record such as is |
not 10 be obtained il the same convenient form
elsewhere.
American history, written, it has been, chiefly |
b. New-Englanders, is one-sded if not actually |
per1erted in its conclusions. 1t has spread the |
belief he thinks that the English element IN |
the population is due the credit Tor nearly an
the early achievements Of the nation in war ana
peace as we'll as for having furnished pracucalIy |
all the colonists who settled in the country De
fore the Revolutionary War. Nothing couIo De |
NOR erroneous says MI Hanna, and ne pro- |
ceeds 70 show that at least one-thlrd OF lle
population at the outbreak of the revolution was
of descent other than English. 1t included Ger
mans. French Bollanders and Swedes, who how
eyer taken all together did not begin to equaI ID
numbers and Importance another class, as ols-
tinctIv non-English many Of those just
named and one that had Infinitely greater
reason than any Of the others for reseh'lhs 'iie
course of injustice and oppression SO long pur-
sued in the administration of the British Govern
nlent.' Continuing, he says;
rrhaea were the Scots of North Britain and |
North Ireland a composite race even al llia'
tir9e having in the organic makeup of each IN
dividual combination Of the seEeral Idtl'l.
ments which were almost ldehucal wiz an, m -
now forming the present collective populdti %
America and from which the American Vi llie
future is gradually being evolved. lhers va"
the one representative and typical race IN Alei ,
ica with which all others are coming more anu
mo- "a conform To a far greater eH-
tent than anv of their neighbors were these
Scottish errigrants of the eighteenth celItuiy
the true prototypes Of the typical American Vi
the twentieth.
Our author estimates that there were ''o"'0'V
OF This race in the colonies at that time lie alSo
figures that Of the total 100000 white popuia-
ton nearly one-third in open or secret
sympathy with the crown and OF the minimum
patriots loft lit is altogether likely that less
than half were Of English extraction iheie
were almost no Tories among the Scotch-llsh
and thus we have Il demonstrated lhdl u'ei
$4,000 gave the decisive force 10 the INV
nent for independence. 1t is difficult LOT MI
Hanna 10 understand the grounds Tor cIaliillHS
the credit Of the principle Of mans equalitS
for the English. That principle is NOT eH'"D
lished in England to-day and the thSllshhiei'
OF England before the Revolutionary wal
did not greatly differ from their hlhsnheh "'
home The first to appreciate the necessity l"i
equality before the law were those "iio hdu
suffered most from perversions OF Justlce 'He
early Pilgrims the Quakers, the CalhohcS' 'iie
Baptists and the Scotch-Ir irish PrespS Ieii"hs'
The Puritans in Massachusetts soon lol so' ''
lessons Of forbearance and justice lhey hfhu
learned from their persecution at hoihe' II
the Scotch Irish who fostered the prlhclpleS
of democratic equality ana the supremacy ol
conscience over established forms. Ihey' too'
established in the colonies the idea OF hpef'S /
Of speech and conscience AS warrant lor lii49
Mr. Hanna adGuces trial of one ZenSef, III |