davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02

ornaments of silver bullion. OF far more
influence were the priests, an influence that
was much more often exercised for good
than for bad, and many evidences of their
rule are to be found throughout the is
lands in the shape of roads and bridges. To
be sure the natives were taxed for far more
of these conveniences than were built, but
it is question if any would have been built
had it not been for the priests.
The real government of the islands lay in
the hands Of the governor-general, crown
appointee. He was assisted by council
OF state. The minister of the colonies at
Madrid was the direct head of the gov,
ernment, as he was of all the Spanish col
onies, but he was assisted by an advisory
council for the Philippines, residing in
Madrid, and to this council was specially
intrusted the interests of the Philippines.
The islands could never be properly
termed Spanish colony. They were held
only as a military possession. To extort
money from the people, under the various
forms Of taxation that cunning and rapacity
had devised, was the sole purpose of Spain
and the business and object of the govern
mental officers that were maintained there.
How much these extortions amounted to
will never be known outside of Spanish Of
fetal circles, but there were but few Span
ish officials sent to the islands who did
not return to Spain with a competence.
the greater part of which was the result of
various forms of bribery and official dis
honesty.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02
,ilipino government and was futile of nny

Filipino government and was futile Of any
result -
On November ] a movement was begun
against Tarlac, then the insurgent capital
Mabalacat was the first place captured.
and on the following day. November 0.
San Fabian fell into American hands, and
Tarlac was captured on November IL, but
Aguinaldo and his government had moved.
The following day the insurgents were at
tackled at San Jacinto, the place being cap.
tured, but not until it had cost the life OF
Maj. John A. Logan. The fighting contin-
ued with but small loss to the Americans
until Dagupan, the northern terminus of
the railroad running from Manila, was
reached on November 20. Four days later
President Bautista, of the Filipino con-
gress, surrendered himself TO Gen. Mac
Arthur and Gen. Otis telegraphed the war
department at Washington that "the in
surgent government could no longer claim
an existence" At that time the insur-
gent treasurer, secretary of the interior
and president of its congress were in Amer
lean hands.
The American troops pushed steadily
northward, and on December 5 Gen.
Young's command arrived at Vigan, near
the northwest extremity of Luzon. In or
eet w lohoW tHe Iupluly ulspeislhS eueiiy
Gen. Young divided his force into smaller
bodies OF troops and dispatched them in
different directions for the purpose of cap.
turing Gen. Tino and Gen. Del Pillar, and
on December IL Gen. Tirona surrendered
the whole of the district to the American
forces, Capt. McCalla, of the navy, ac-
cepting the surrender.
During the middle of December two
notable events occurred The first on De-
cember Is, was the rescue of Lieut.. Gill
more, of the navy, and his men, who had
been captured near Baler, April II, and the
other was the death of Gen. Lawton, killed
during the fight at San Mateo on Decem-
ber 10.
By the opening of the year 1900 the in
surgent opposition had dwindled to but
little more than force of scattered ban
dts, and guerilla warfare was the rule.
The northern portion of the island had
been pretty generally cleared, and Gems.
Schwan and Wheaton began a campaign
against the insurgent forces in the south,
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02

ment to San Fernando, and upon his de-
parture fired the government buildings.
The victory was a signal one, however, as
it resulted in the capture of subsistence
stores valued at one and half million dol
lars.
The American troops continued to push
northward toward the new rebel capital
rapidly, and on April 10 was fought the
battle of Santa Cruz, which place was cap
tured on April %, and on May San Fer
nando fell into the hands OF the American
troops. The capture of this place prac-
tically closed the campaign to the north
of Manila until the close of the rainy sea-
son. Gen. Lawton's command returned to
Gen. MacArthur's lines on May "a after
having marched a distance of 100 miles,
fought % engagements, taken 2S towns,
captured and destroyed 100000 bushels OF
rice, and with loss of only killed and
So wounded.
But the intrepid officer, who was later to
lose his life in the conflict, was not al
lowed to rest his troops. He was assigned
to command an expedition against Gen. Pho
del Pillar, who was operating around the
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02

$3.50 o'clock was fred the first shot in the
revolution 90 the Filipino soldiery against
American occupation, revolution that has
continued to the present time, though is
now, after almost two and half years of
fighting, seemingly near n close.
The Filipinos demanded absolute inde-
pendence of the American people, and that
this country refused to grant. That, in a
concise way, may be accepted as the cause
of the present rebellion in the Philippines.
During the three days following the firing
of the first shot the American troops drove
the insurgents from the line of defenses
they occupied outside Manila and secured
possession of the suburbs of the city. Dur
ing this three days of fighting $4,000 Amer
ican troops were opposed to Aguinaldo's
army of 10000 Filpinos.
The battle of Pasig, on March Is, was the
next important engagement between the
two forces. 1t was early in March that the
advance on the rebel capital at Malolos was
begun. The first fight of this campaign was
on March 20 at Malnta, and this was fol-
lowed by the capture of Malolos on March
81, but Aguinaldo had moved his govern
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02

and Gems. Bates and Bell headed an expe-
dition which left Manila February l6 to
drive the enemy from the Camarines. Both
of these expeditions encountered consid-
cradle opposition from small bodies of in
surgent troops, but were in the end sue
cessful in accomplishing the objects for
which they were organized with but small
loss of life.
The details of the campaigns of 1901 and
of the present year are so fresh in the pub
lie mind that a rehearsal of their details
is unnecessary. OF last year the two most
important occurrences were the capture of
Aguinaldo by Gen. Funston on March %
and the establishment of civil government
in the islands by the Taft commission on
July 4. There has been considerable fight
ing since that time. The campaign in Sa-
mar, with its attendant horrors, will prob
ably not soon be forgotten, either by the
participants or the American public, and
now promises to result in a number OF
court-martials for different army officers.
The recent surrender OF Gen. Malvar has
seemingly virtually ended the organized
opposition to American rule, and the OF.
ficials at Manila are in hopes OF an early
and permanent peace.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02
MAI. WESLEY MERRITT.
The First American Military Governor
of the Philippines.

with shower of projectles of equal size,
but without doing any considerable damage.
As the American boats got within closer
range the smaller guns added their roar
TO that of the larger ones, and the terrific
fire was kept up until 1885 when Dewey felt
that he had had enough for beginner, and
not wanting to spoil good thing too soon,
quit for breakfast, and pull at the pipe
or cigar.
1t was not until 1880 that he again went
at the Spaniards. He had furnished suf-
ficient sport for his sailormen, and now
intended to finish the job in hurry and
put the enemy out of their misery without
further loss of time, and before it could
interfere with his dinner arrangements.
The midday meal would be served aboard
the flagship at one, and it was necessary
that the job be completed and the muss
cleared up before that time. To accomplish
this every gun, big and little, that could
be brought into play, was used, and it was
but little more than an hour before all of
the Spanish ships were either lying at the
bottom of the bay or destroyed, and at
1890 a white flag run up over the Spanish
batteries at Cavite proclaimed their sur
render.
AS they do things on board an Amer
lean man.of-war 80 minutes was ample time
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02

shores OF Laguna de Bay, and from the
third of June to the thirteenth of the same
month succeeded in driving the insurgents
not only from the shores of this body OF
water, but from around the shores of Ma
Mia bay as well, and soon after had driven
the enemy from every stronghold in Cavite
province.
Gen. Macarthur opened the second cam
paign to the north of Manila on August o,
when he moved against Angeles. Bacolor
was first captured, and on August 10 tho
army arrived before the intrenchments at
Angeles. The place was captured with
loss of but two killed and IL wounded.
During the same time Gen. Young had
taken the towns of San Mateo, Balcuag and
Quingua.
While American troops had been fight
ing the insurgents in Luzon the rebellion
had spread to other islands and insurgent
garrisons had been established in Panay.
Leyte, Cebu, Negros, Samar and other is
lands. Gen. Miller had captured Iloilo on
February IL; Bacolod, in Negros, was taken
by Col. Smith, and on February 81 Cebu
was taken by Capt. Cornwall, of the Petrel,
On August "a Gen. Bates returned to
Manila from the Sulu group and announced
the signing of an agreement with the sultan
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02

unexpected guest, the Spaniards not being
used to such energy as it took to put the
American fleet into the Philippine harbor
at so early date. They had failed to pre-
pare for his reception and he sailed past
Corregidor island, containing what was
supposedly impregnable defenses, almost
before the garrison were aware OF his
presence in the vicinity. 1t was not until
after his last ship was well past that they
thought to give battle to the daring Yam
KEGS and then sent a few harmless shots
after them.
Day had not vet broken when Cavite was
reached, and Dewey quietly awaited its
coming. When the sun rose in the east
instead of Immediately beginning the de-
struction of the Spanish ships that lay be-
fore him the daring sailorman preferred to
play with his enemy, and so weighed anchor
and sailed up to the defenses OF Manila with
which he exchanged few shots as mat
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02
Resources
of the
Philippines

far eastern countries,
says "a ric..er isolated land or group of
islands, viewed comparatively as to area and
population, variety of agriculture, mineral
and forest resources undeveloped, in addi-
ton to those already improved, cannot be
pointed out on the map of the world"
That paragraph gives in a general way
the wonderful resources of the Philippines.
The soil OF the islands is of phenominal fer
tility, but its capacities have been most
imperfectly developed, neither the natives
or the Spaniards seemingly never thinking
OF the future. When even improperly culti-
waited as it has been it produces bountiful
crops OF tropical staples, such as sugar, to-
bacco, rice, cocoa, gums of various kinds,
arrowroot, indigo, cotton, pepper, CO.
clinical, betelroot, areca nut, cocoanuts.
cocoanut oil and the Manila hemp so well
known to commerce. OF this product be-
tween 100000 and 100000 bales are exported
annually, of which practically one-half
comes to the United States. The annual
value of the hemp crop exported is about
$7,000,000
The mineral resources of the islands are
as yet almost an unknown quantity. Gold,
copper and coal are all found, but as yet
in limited quantities. Native legends are
authority for the tales of fabuously rich
gold mines, but these have never been
found. 1t is said that gold formed the chief
product OF Luzon as far back as the third
century, and to-day it is mined in sew
eral sections of the island Paracale
is the center of the gold mining industry,
and is a village that is but little known
of to the majority of the people of the is
lands excepting the Chinese traders who
purchase the product of the mines and dis
pose of it secretly in Hong Kong or Annoy
1t is so far removed from the centers of
population that even the Spanish officials,
ever looking for something to tax, failed to
seriously disturb it. Cebu, M'ndora,
Panaon and Mindanao are all said to be
rich in gold deposits.
Luzon produces some copper, but the
mines, all of which are worked by natives,
are not of sufficient value to warrant de-
yelopment on large scale, and the indus
try will probably continue primitive one.
There are comparatively few coal deposits
known in the islands. Cebu has a limited
coal belt of rather inferior quality, and an
other coal field of some magnitude and of
better quality is located in the island Of
Masbate, not far from the coast. This
latter field has been worked to some extent
by local steamship owner who secured fuel
for his ships from this field so long as the
native laborers could secure it by the use
OF crowbars only When the vein ran be-
meath the ground, so that tunneling was
necessary, the field was abandoned. Prac-
tically all the coal found in the islands.
however, is not true coal but Ignite, but
experts claim there is no reason why the
better mineral should not be found in pay
ing quantities.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02
Island of Mindanno,

Mindanao Island, from which comes our
latest troubles in the Philippines, promises
to become veritable paradise for fortune
hunters along various lines. It's soil is prob
ably more fertile than that OF any of the
other islands, and its streams and noun
tains are said to abound in liberal quanti-
ties of gold and other minerals. 1t is in
habited by the Moro tribes, all of whom
are Mohammedans. Spain never succeeded
in establishing anything like staple gov
ernment in the island.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02
Rnnds of Mindanno.

Our soldiers will find considerable diff.
Guilty in penetrating to the center of the
Mindanao because of the lack OF roads.
The towns and villages of the island are
situated, however, along the rivers to a
great extent, and these furnish easy means
of access, several of them being compare
lively large streams which are navigable
for light draught river boats for consid
cradle distances.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02

: Spain must credit
Some Magellan with her
Philippine R1sssss'0 ppnss Tbot Fl sh' tnltl bo1d
History explorer sailed around
l----------J Cape Horn, crossed
the Pacific and landed
on the island of Cebu in 1921, where he
attempted to take possession in the name
OF spain, but was killed in slsirmish with
the natives. The ships of Magellan re-
turned to Spain and his companions aroused
an interest in the wonderful lands they
mad discovered, but it was not until 1865
that another attempt was made to SUBJ
due the natives and gain foothold in the
islands. AT this later date a Spanish fleet
sailing from Mexico punished the natives
for the killing of Magellan, and formally
took possession of the entire group in the
name of the Spanish sovereign. Five years
later the city of Manila was founded, and
the different native chiefs in Luzon took
the oath of allegiance to Spain.
Chinese pirates, who had virtually been
the rulers of the islands for many years
previous to the Spanish occupation, gave
the new rulers much trouble, and disputed
with them the sovereignty. Two serious
attempts were made by these pirates to
drive the Spanish from the islands, but
both resulted disastrously to them, and in
time they learned that the hated Europeans
were too powerful for them
In 1905 the Dutch attempted to wret the
control of the islands from Spain, but were
unsuccessful, loosing their fleet in the prof.
ect. In 1852 Manila was captured by Eng
land. That country intended to hold the
city, and would probably have added the
whole of the archipelago to the British en-
pire had not political combinations in Eu-
rope prevented. AS it was Manila was
again surrendered to Spain upon a promise
to pay ransom amounting to $4,000, ,OO0
1t is a debt that England has never been
able to collect.
Throughout the present century rebel
lions on the part of the natives have been
frequent. The first serious one began in
1922, which continued for some months be.
fore it was suppressed by the Spanish
troops. Another came in ls4l, lasting
through the following year. The next ono
Of any consequence was that of 1872 and
this was followed by the one of lS96.97.
which resulted in the Punishment of Agui-
naldo and his followers to Hong Kong.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02
Area
Of the
Philippines

lands Mindanao is the largest with 1881
square miles, and Luzon second with 49,
900 square miles. Either of these are larger
than Ireland. Among the others of the
larger islands are Mindoro, Panay, Samar,
Masbate, Negros, Cebu, Leyte, Bohol and
Palauan. These vary considerably in size,
averaging from 6,000 square miles down to
less than 5000. Of the more than 1000 is
lands there are only some 600 that are in.
habited, or are large enough to support
population of any size, the majority OF
the others being but mere rocks or reefs.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02
school system Established.

A department of public instruction for
the Philippines was established at Manila
on January 2l, 1901, and rapid progress was
made during the year in the organization
of free public schools. Some 800 teachers
were sent to the islands from the United
States. English was made the official lam
rIage of the schools.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02

in which to attend to the wants of the
few slightly wounded and prepare dinner to
which Admiral Montojo was invited, but
declined,
The Spanish loss was II ships-their en-
tire Asiatic squadron-and 0lS men either
killed or wounded.
For that little mornings work Admiral
Dewey gave to the United States something
like l25,OOO square miles OF territory, and
secured for himself the thanks of the Amer
lean people and the rank of admiral in the
American navy-and not an American
sailorman killed or an American vessel seri
ously injured.
The Spanish flag that came down at Ca
vite that day was never to rise again in the
Philippines.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02
Climate of the Philippines.

A weather record kept in Manila between
the years lSS39S shows that the tempera-
ture never went beyond the lOO.degree
point and never fell below 60. The annual
mean temperature is given as about SO de-
grees.
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02
Our War
in the
Philippines

American forces on August l3, gave to
this country new and untried problems
with which to deal AS in Cuba Spain had
encountered for almost century almost
continuous revolutions on the part of the
natives, fighting for almost the same rea,
sons that prompted the patriots of Cuba.
The victories OF May l and of August l3.
1893, relieved Spain OF her vast colonial ter
ritories, but at the same time it trans.
ferred from her to the United States the
re5ellious subjects that had given her just
troubles for a century.
On the evening OF February 4, 1899, at
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02
Spain's
Method Of
Government

fetal ladder, and ruled in the parish. He
was an official of but little power, with
but small opportunity for graft" and
whose greatest perquiste consisted in the
wearing of the official hat, stiff, musb-
room-shaped affair, literally covered with
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02

The Philip pin e
group contains ap-
proximately l25,000
square miles of land
area, and numbers
about 1900 different
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02
Our Fight for the Philippines
of the Contest That Began in Manila Bay
May 1, 1898.

Instantly the eightinch guns of the good
cruiser broke forth in smoke and flame, and
began raining shower of steel projectiles
upon the Spanish ships. Gradually the
American fleet drew closer. Submarine
mines exploded in front of them, but they
did not waver. The Spanish gunners an
swered the challenge of the Olympia's guns
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02
Battle
of
Manila BAY

pire in the tar east.
The enthusiasm with which the news OF
that victory was hailed in the United States
has seldom, if ever, been equaled since the
day that marked the close of the long civil
war. So great has been its effect upon
American policies that we can afford to
pause for a moment to rehearse its impor-
tant details.
The admiral, then commodore, was a
man of action, and no sooner did he re-
ceive the news that war had been declared
than he sailed from Hong Kong with his
squadron, consisting of the Olympia, his
flagship, Capt. Charles V. Gridley; the Ra
leigh, Capt. Joseph b. Coghlan; the Balt-
more, Capt. Nehemiah NJ. Dyer; the Bos.
ton, Capt. Frank Wildes; the Monotacy,
Commander Oscar w. Farenholt; the Con-
cord Commander Asa Walker, and the Pc.
trel, Commander Edward p. Wood, for
Manila.
The Spanish fleet was lying at Cavite in
Manila bay when the intrepid American
sailor entered to give battle. He was an
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02

The 81 t | e gov
ernor" was the foun-
dation of the Spanish
system OF government
in the Philippines.
He represented the
laun-A nnnn Ah
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02

ter of international courtesy, then returned
TO give more detailed attention to the Span
ish feet.
1t was carly even when he got back again
yards from the enemy's ships, he uttered
those historic words:
"Whep you are ready, Gridley, fire."
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02

extending American authority over the en-.
tire group.
Campaign followed campaign rapidly, but
there was little severe fighting for the
American troops. On October q 1890, came
the first overtures for peace on the part
of the insurgents, but the attempt was
looked upon by American officers merely as
an effort to gain some recognition Of the
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02

Dewey's victory at
Cavite, followed by
the combined land
and naval fight that
resulted in the sur
render of Manila to
Gen. Merritt and the
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02

May | four years
ago Admiral Dewey
won his memorable
victory in Manila bay
that gave to this coun-
try n nnw islnnd em-
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02

Speaking of Philip
pine resources Hon.
John Barrett, former
ly United States min
ister to Siam, and an
authority on all the
Perrysburg journal. (Perrysburg, Wood Co., O. [Ohio]) 186?-1965, 1902-05-02

Spain must credit
Magellan with her
possession of the Phil
ippines. That bold
explorer sailed around
Cape Horn, crossed
the ncifin and lnnded
The Mt. Sterling advocate., 1902-10-08
Natural Apxiery.

Mothers regard approachir g
winter with uneasiness, children
take cold SO easily No disease
costs more Iittle lives than Group.
It's attack is so sudden that the
sufferer is often bey ond human aid
before the doctor arrives. Such
cases yield readily to One Minute
Cough Cure. Liquifies the mu
ca, aila5s Inflammation. removes
danger Absolutely safe. Acts
Immediately Cures coughs, colds,
grip, bronchitis, all throat and
lung trouble. +. 5. McMohon,
Hampton, Ga "a bad cold rem
dered me voiceless just before an
oratorical contest. | intended to
Withdraw but took One Minute
Cough Cure 1t restored my voice
in tine to win the medal"
F. G. Duerson. Druggist.