davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-05-31
Pressure In pounds

Iron work and metal and other sub
stances melt at well-known temperatures
under the ordinary conditions OF daily life
but If We subject them to great pressure
the melting points rise. Hence. with regard
TO the rock OF the interior when IL is under
great pressure 1t does not melt at 1900 de-
grees. We cannot say just at what tenn
perature II fuses but IL is quite likely That
the increase Of temperature may never
overcome the Increase of pressure 1t fol-
Lows that the earth is solid clear through.
But volcanoes must derive their lava
from some source. and so we have come to
believe in the existence of local reservoirs
of molten rock underneath the volcanic
districts.
The distribution Of volcanoes is evidently
along great lines OF upheaval in the earth
and they and earthquakes are connected
with fractures which penetrate the crust
Some force is. however. necessary to bring
the lava to the surface. II the part of the
earth which is on one side of a great
fracture sinks. it may force the lava In the
underlying reservoirs to rise through the
assures, and We are reminded Of the reports
which state that the sea bottom has sunk
OFF St. Vincent. Gravity is thus the propul-
sive force.
Others, however. lay emphasis on the vast
amount of vapor held in the lava at such
bursts with inconceivable violence and as
cends In columns miles high in the air.
when once II reaches the surface. They
therefore trace the expulsion of the lava to
its accumulation and final break for the
upper air, bringing the lava with Il in an
irresistible. tumultuous rush. There are
serious objections to the old belief that this
vapor is sea water or any other form of
surface water which percolates downward
but 1t is regarded by our most reliable OBJ
servers as having been in the rocks from
the time in which they first became con-
stituents of the earth.
Volcanoes are shifted from time to time
AS the biologists reckon time our western
states have not long been free from them
Mr.. j. S. Diller Of the United States geolog-
ical survey has found one near Lassens
Peak. in California, with the trunks Of trees
still projecting through the beds OF volcanic
dust which killed them. Others have been
described from southern Utah in a remark
ably fresh state OF preservation, a result
aided by the dry climate. Steam still issues
from the crater OF Mount Rainier but out
side of the Alaskan Islands We have no his
toric record of eruption in the United States
proper. JAMES +. KEMP.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-05-31

Company, which has a small but growing
plant at the base of the mountain. The
iron is very tough. and from the ore is
made what is called Durango Swedish
iron. l understand the fuel question is a
simple one; if so. there is in this a great
future for commerce. If l were the presi-
dent OF the steel trust L would buy Cerro
Del Mercado at once, build a railroad for
an outlet to Mazatlan. 200 miles distant on
the Pacific ocean. at the mouth of the
Gulf of California, and begin an iron and
steel campaign in the orient. This would
not be difficult to do and the mill coull
easily be enlarged. Labor is cheap here
because living is cheap, and the plant of
the Mexican company has already served
as a good school of instruction in making
molders and iron workers out of the ma
tives. who are metal workers by heredity
Forty per cent of the exports from the
United States to the Latin American re-
publics are consumed in Mexico, and it is
not likely that this country will lose its DO
sition at their head as long as liberal ex-
penditures and generous concessions are
made by the government for improvements
in transportation by land and water
Capital. however, is required to open tim
Der lands. build railroads, construct irriga-
ton bitches. develop agriculture and manu-
features and open mines.
w. " cox
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-05-31
Angling Extraordinary.
From the Pastime Review.

I rom The I'hktII1e REVIEW.
AT Winchester 1t is quite common thing
to see men fishing through the street graf
ings. Under High street there flow several
streams which ultimately discharge into
the River Itchen. noted trout stream
These streams receive the storm and sur
face water from the street by means of the
ordinary street grating. The line is dropped
through and fastened to the end of stick
small enough to go through tie CRATE. When
the fish is hooked the line and stick are
dropped through the grating and the fisher
man rushes TO the point where the stream
emerges from under the street and is there
able to recover his line and land his fish.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-05-31
PINE TREES FROM TIE SEED.
Work Of Reforesting In the South o.
California.

From the San Francisco Chronicle.
The preservation Of the nations water
conservers is becoming the great agricultural
question Of the day, and Uncle Sans recent
appropriation Of $2Oe 900 over and above the
usual stipulation to be devoted to forestry
purposes gives substantial evidence that the
needs are imperious. The loss to our coun-
try by forest fires has been estimated at
$50.000.00O a year. but with the present ar
rangements and the increased appropria-
tons such stories of destruction will soon
be reiegated to past history. Our forests
are now protected in a way, but the great
areas devastated by fire should be replen-
ished with growth. and one Of the most In
teresting and remarkable projects of mod
ern times is the reforesting of these barren
slopes.
In the six forest reservations of southern
California, the San Jacinto. San Bernardino.
Zaca lake, Trabuco. Santa Ynez and San
Gabriel. the united area of which is about
100000 acres, the work of reforestation
Is being carried on with a vim. Pine seeds
were distributed to officers in charge of the
reserves and to other interested parties who
agreed to see that they were properly dis
posed of, and during the past four months
thirty forest rangers have been actively
employed IN planting pine seeds on noun
tain slopes that have been devastated by
fire. II nature Is propitious these seeds will
give birth to forests which will in time
transform the rugged barrenness of their
original abode Into musical labyrinth of
green. Thus will the irrigation fountains
be redeemed and the orchards saved from
drought and destruction
Inc question Of reforestatfon was first agi-
tated in 1897, at which time some demon
strative work was accomplished, the expert
ments proving most profitable of results
AT elevations varying from 1900 to 10000
feet numerous species of pines were plant
co, including the pinus tuberculata. Torrey
pine, )enri pinus ponderosa, lembertiana,
Coulter pine, librocedrus, abijes concolor
any many theirs. Many Of these trees are
from eighteen inches to two feet high at
the present date. and give promise of be-
coming thrifty forest monarchs
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-05-31

modern medical and surgical science, such
As we hope soon TO have In Washington. A
notwithstanding opera house is being con-
structed which will excel any that Wash
ington is likely TO have for years to come.
These improvements indicate the character
and progress of the citizens of Durango.
The American Colony
There is an American colony here Of four
hundred or more persons and they seem
u enjoy each others society and that of
the Mexicans as much party enjoyed
both. The American consul is Mr. c. Ii.
Egbert, who is highly spoken of and APP
pears 70 be successfully welding American
and Mexican interest in the purposes of the
Pan-AmeTican congress recently in session
H. Mexico City.
The plaza is always a source of interest
to strangers Here the people assemble
among the beautiful trees, plants and flow
ers kept alive and green by. irrigation.
Around the plaza in most Mexican cities are
found the cathedral. palace of justice, no.
tells and homes of the weli-tO-do merchants.
IL Is of interest to know that when a town
Is To be built in Mexico the plaza is first
located. and / have thought it would be
OF advantage to Washington IL Congress
would study the park plans of these towns
and profit by the example set by the
MeXicanS. If the town prospers, the ala
media Is properly laid off. When We rode
around the alameda IN Durango in an,
American automobile the population stared
wonderingly at us and our queer "coche:"
and running across the grounds the people
blocked our progress in a good-natured way
In order to satisfy their curiosity. am told
That when woman who lived in one of the
narrow streets OF the town saw the curious
vehicle she out and hurriedly drove
INTO the house her scraggy pigs that fire.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-05-31
Hands Full,

From the Philadelphia Press.
McJigger-"That's something 1 never knew
before
Observation-Disclosures that?"
McJigger-"Why, nearly all the breweries
in, town allow their employees twenty or
thirty glasses of beer day
Thingunbob-"The idea! l should think
they'd have their hands full all the time"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-05-31
His Excuse,

From the Chicago News.
The parson-eDon't you know, my dear
sir. that it is positively sinful to stand
around wasting your time in this manner"
The loafer-"Yes. know 1t is. parson. and
nj going to quit it just as soon as find a
comfortable place to sit down."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-05-31
Earth's Interior Pressure.

Next mathematicians attacked the prob
lem on another side by reminding the geol-
ogists that the interior portions OF the globe
must support the outer portions, and that
therefore the interior In subject to great
pressure. as the following table by Prof
r. S. Woodward shows:
Depth in Pressure in pounds
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-05-31
ured In deep mines and boreholes as shown
In the accompanying table:

II we seiect an average rate of about
sixty feet OF descent for an Increase of one
degree Fahrenheit and carry II out for
twenty-nve miles we reach a temperature
or 100 degrees which Is just about that OF
ordinary molten lava. Coupling this with
the facts known about volcanoes a was
natural for early observers to conclude that
the Interior of the earth was molten and
that mankind lived on crust twenty-five
miles thick or more.
but the astronomers and mathematicians
soon reminded the biologists that the
earth Is rapidly rotating body, which is
subject to the deforming effects OF centrif-
ugal force and to the attractions OF the
moon and other heavenly bodies which are
believed to cause the oceanic tides They
made the point that the earth behaves like
q body as rigid as steel. They therefore re-
tected the conception OF a fluid core as i'm
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-05-31
Cause Of Eruptions.

Now, why do volcanoes break out? A
number of points are involved In an answer
to this question. We know, IN the first
place, that the earth grows hotter as we
descend and at rates that have been meas
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-05-31

Rev. DR.. F. p. Power will attend the
commencement exercises Of Bethany Col
lege In West Virginia. June IT to 10. This
college is under the auspices of the Chris
tan Church and DR.. Power is a member
Of the board Of trustees Of the institution.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-05-31

The congregation of Wilson Memorial NJ
E. Church recently subscribed 5000 at a
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28
About Hall Told.

During mis- term as governor
Mr.. Clarke forced the different
railroads Of the stare to pay sew
eral hundred thousand dollars of
back taxes, which the governors
preceding him had failed to do.
This money went into the state
treasury, where it should have
been years before. -Imboden
News.
Our contemporary is entirely
correct 80 far as it goes; Gov.
Clarke did force the railroads to
raise their assessments. But it
is notorious fact that Gov.
Clarke the first year after he went
out of office, as attorney for the
railroads, went before the board
Of which he was formerly a mem
Der and succeeded in having the
railroad assessments lowered. In
other words he undone his own
work.
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28
"A Lie Well Stuck TO-"

Capt. j. L. Stroope Of Curtis,
Clarke county, writing to his pa.
per says:
"From what can CLEAN from
the squirrel head editors" OF
Arkansas, it seems that Governor
Davis "goes it" on the principle
that "a lie we'll stuck to is as good
as the TRUTH" for he has iterated
and reiterated all over the state
that Senator Jones was in the
Confederate army only one month
and a day. From my own per-
sonal knowledge | can "see" that
and 60 him fifty-nine days better,
because | was in the same com.
mand with him for three months.
| was in the Confederate army
from start to finish, except the
time I languished in a federal
prison. l was in the battle of
Poison Spring and that of Marks
Mill with Senator Jones, and a
cooler, Drawer or more gallant
soldier never shouldered a mus
ket. In this county, where he is
so we'll and favorably known, his
record as soldier, a citizen and
and a statesman needs no boost
ing or endorsing. His character
for integrity is unimpeachable,
Jeff Davis to the contrary not
withstanding."
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28
-
CAVE CITY.

Spring-like weather.
Some people are blowing up
their wheat.
James Redus is building a barn
for Tom Stewart.
Sparks Bros. bought three
mules while here last week.
Mr.. Wells and Family of Glover
Bend visited here last week.
Tom Cunningham viewed the
new railroad vicinity last week.
G. M. D. Rogers purchased a
pair of mulesin the Sidney vicin.
ity Friday.
Rev. Atkinson of Evening
Shade is to preach at Flat Rock
next Sunday.
G. N. Simpson, candidate for
surveyor, was in town from Sat.
urday to Monday.
The Sunday school is in good
condition, and every body is in
vited to participate.
H. N. Jones, Tom Pickens and
VIM. Townsley have moved their
families to their farms.
Mr.. Colbert and family Of Por.
tia have been visiting theil
daughter here for several days.
W, T. Horn spent Saturday anc
Sunday at home, and was rejoic'
ing over his prospects for cleo.
ton.
Presi ling Elder Maynard anc
family spent Sunday and Monda!
here. Rev. Maynard preached
an excellent sermon here Sunday
night,
W. H. Stewart has rehaulet
his engine and added a saw ril
and is now cutting lumber. H,
says his machine works like ;
charm.
There was quite an enjoyable
time among a party Sunday whc
were boat riding in the cave ion
feet under ground. Call on Nc
Adams; he knows how to run hi,
boat.
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28
PRIMARY J JUDGES.

Big Greek, Geo. W. Null
len, J. F. Butler, J. NJ,
Street.
Big Rock, Jeff Norris, G.
L. Golf, Bud Barnett.
Cave, J. F. Bell, James
Simpson, Will SPOTS.
Davidson, H. V. Under
wood. Wayne Bristow, Geo
Rogers.
Hardy, John L. Eady,
George W. Mclean, 4, H.
McCaleb.
Highland, A. J. Tucker,
Lloyd Cox, T. J. Porter.
Jackson, Geo. r. Hall, G.
H. Myers, Ben Yates.
Johnson, J. B. Richardson,
D. c. Watson, Newt Con.
vers.
Lave Creek, Peter Hansen,
S. II. Welsh, G. F. Heron,
Lebanon, Earle PEBBLES,
Andy Sanders, Hugh SPOTS.
Morgan, J. D. Lock, W.
H. Williams, w. H Hulett.
Lower North, Asa Sweat
man, Thos, Cox, DR., McSlar.
row.
Upper North, Seymour
Whitney, Tom Rogers, Yves.
ley f. Ward.
Piney Fork, John r. Met.
calf, P. ]. Young, W, P.
Hamilton.
Richwoods, II. V. Steph.
ems, John w. Mclean, Isaac
Richie.
Scott, John Gardner, Geo.
Jernigan, Bud Taylor.
Strawberry, w. T. Camp
bell, J. r. Kirkland, Will
SPOTS.
Sullivan, N. P. Wiles, S.
L. Arm, Stephen Johnson,
North Union, John L.
Ward, D. w. Morris, Bert
Ladd.
South Union, John Henry,
II. ]. Young, Mark Parrot.
Washington, Luke Atkin.
son, Bennett Watkins, Geor.
ge w. Blan.
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28
The American Cotton Go.
IL "a TFusI.--JeT Davis.
The American Cotton Co.
Does Not Contain Even
the Elements Of u Trust.--
William j. Bryan.
SHOOTS STRAIGHT.

W. NJ. Stephens Of Leard, Ark,
writing to the Democrat, says in
part:
Just nine days till the primary
election. Let every voter OF the
Democratic party turn out on the
Goth day Of this month and say
by our votes to our sister states
that the people of Arkansas are
too decent to elect such lawless
drunkards as Jeff DAVIS 10 the
governors chair or any other
office in our state. What has ne
done to commend himself to the
people? Ask yourself this ques-
ton and the answer is nothing,
Let US elect Col. E. W. Rector
and we will have a governor that
will reflect credit to Arkansas in.
stead OF disgrace, like Jeff Davis
has by getting drunk on his way
from Camden, which he nor the
papers that are for him has never
denied. Let the man at Holly
Wood, Ark, with the loose screw
in his head deny this or let the
Okolona Messenger deny it.
Silence gives consent that this
report is true. Shame on any
man that can support Davis; he
must not have any conscience CT
decency. Fellow citizens, think
of the sneaking, undermining
attack he has made On our old
faithful servant, Jas. K. Jones,
the best friend the people of Ar
kansas ever had, in charging him
in being in a trust. May the
Lord put it in the hearts of the
voters to .relegate such men as
Davis and Clarke TO the rear and
elect such men as Rector and
Jones and we will have decent
administration. I am a Baptist
and am ashamed that the Para
gould convention would turn the
cause of Christ over to the devil
by electing that drunkard Jeff
Davis first vice-president. |
think they ought to call another
meeting and put him out and
elect a Christian, sober gentleman
in his place for the sake of the
cause of Christ. Baptists, can
you vote for him? can't.
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28
Prince Henry at Home.

Emperor William-Henry, vot
is der national antem ut dem
Americans?
Henry-Wacht am Rhine; any
way dot is all heardt, Billy.
Emperor-What is der gadipal
city uf America?
Henry-Milwaukee.
Emperor-What is der national
game.
Henry-Boker.
Emperor-What is der chief
product uf der country?
Henry-Boliticians.
Emperor-What is der form ut
gufferment?
Henry-Loose in der house Ut
representatives and prize fights
in der senate.
Emperor-What is der bopula-
ton?
Henry--Dree; J. P. Morgan,
Andrew Carnegie and Mark
Hanna.
Emperor-Who is der boss?
Henry-Roosevelt.- Ex.
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28
PROPOSED Amendment 70 las
Constitution Of the State
Of Arkansas.

Notice is'hcreby given that the f"'loN"s
resolution, proposing 10 amendment 70 VIC o.
Constitution was passed By the General A'"
bly, at its regular session ofleoi, ono 'p.'
same will be submitted to the electors oi'see ..
Mt the next general election, TO DO held oepS"'~-
!, 1901, Tor adoption or rejection, Wis
PROPOSED AMENDMENT
That Section IS, Of Article S, Of the son's
ton of the State ofArksDsss. be amen'e'
as to read as followsi
Article 5, Section l6. Tny and hhesS' N
The members OF the General Assembly e".
receive such pay and mileage fortheir serT 'oe,
shall be fixed by law. No member o. e"Ss'
house, shall, during the term Tor whoa 49,
been elected, receive sny i,crssse ofpsy 'o' -
services under any law passed darins suon 'e, ,,
The term OF Nil members of the General As''"''
shaii begin on the day Of their election
Approved May %, 1901, ...
Each elector may vote for or again" ''''
amendment. s.ass
witness my oHlclai signature Ind seal O' o'''
this February 8. 1909.
tsxAL., JOHN W. CRocKkII
. ecrstsry oisHs
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28
NEWS OF OUR NEIGHDoRS.
Interesting Paragraphs Gathered Close
Around Homo.

1t is likely a wholesale dry
goods establishment will soon be
launched at Batesville.
The republicans of Lawrence
county will meet at Black Rock
April 18th TO nominate a full
county ticket.
Charles Strong and Bud Scott,
two colored boys, got into a diff
Guilty at Newport, and Scott was
stabbed to death.
j. H. Coins, near Salem, is VIZ
olently insane and requires close
attention. There is no room in
the asylum for him.
A perfectly healthy baby,
weighing only one and quarter
pounds was born to Mr.. and Mrs.
Henry Foster OF Lawrence coun-
ty last week.
An old farmer writing to the
Lawrence County Telephone says
he doubts if the editor of the I'm
boden News, who is raising 80
much fuss in favor of Clarke and
Davis, is old enough to vote.
At Tuckerman a candidate an
nouncihg himself for justice of
the peace, said: "There is easy
money in the office, and at we'd
dings there is always something
good 10 eat, and frequently lit
tie BOOZE"
The Baptist church Of Nam
moth Spring recently adopted
resolutions condemning the con-
duct of Gov. Jeff Davis and re-
quested the Second Baptist
Church of Little Rock, of which
the governor is a member, to in
vestigate the charges brought
against him.
Thomas Myers of Jackson
county lost his life under very
distressing circumstances last
Friday. He was on his way home
with some new moving machine
ry, when his wagon turned on a
hillside. A part of the machinery
fell on Myers neck, breaking it
and killing him instantly.
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28

Land Office Mt Little Rock, Ayk,
blsrch Is, lSH.j
Notice Is hereby given that the iohoWms
named settler has hlcd notice OF his tntenilsh
make 6nal proof n support Of his claim ss ~
that SAID proof will be made before the t,tIA =.
sharp county, Ark. Ut Evening shade, ArA "
April 26. 1907, viz;
Marion O'Neal
H.E.No 2ls Tor the north half southessss
lnarter northeast quarter southwest quarrt -"
southwest quarter northeast quartet sse"'s"
township 10, north range west. .,s
lie na,nps the following witnesses 70 pU.ss
his continuous residence upon Ind cultivation "
said land viz: p...vs
George Stewart. Charley Freeman ena Eosss, ~
Nichols Of Porghkeepsie, Ark, AMI ~'A''""
King Of Calamlne, ARK.
H,H MYERS, Register.
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28
WANTED!

Reliable man for Manager of a
Branch Office we wish to open in
this vicinity. Here is a good
opening for the right man. Kind
ly give good reference when
writing.
THE A. T. MORRIS WHOLESALE
HOUSE, Cir cinnati, Ohio.
Illustrated catalogue, 4 cents
in stamps. -
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28
Who Has Denounced Davisl

Ex-Governor Dan W. Jones.
Elk. Governor VIM. M. Fish
back.
Ev- Governor James P. Eagle.
Acknowledgement George W.
Murphy.
Commissioner Of Agriculture
Frank Hill.
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28

Davis accuses Rector OF taking
baths. Rector confessss, but de.
clares he uses water, not wizard
oil.
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28
PNEUMONIA FOLLOWS A COLD
LEGAL ADVERTISEMENTS.
Notice for Publication 1882.
Land OGice At Little Rock, Art.l
March is. 1901,

Land OGice At Little Rock, Ark,
March Is, 1871.
Notice (. hereby given thxt the following
named settler has lied notice OF his intention 70
make final proof IN support of his claim saa
that said proof will be made before The v oun!y
Clerk OF Sharp county, Ark. ut Lrenihg thsas'
Ark. on April d. 1917 VIZ,
civilian Z. Wright
HE, No. 2e0 50 Tor the south hall norihve"
quar'er, section 70, townihip l6, north fAnsss
west. Al.
He naIn"s the following Witnesses 10 prese ~
continuous residence upon and cultivation Of
said land viz;
James Jones, Robert Maxwell, Chas. nsA'
well and John Morgan, oil OF Smithyille' Afh
II. II. MYERS, Register.
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28

A prominent business man OF
Russellville offers to bet $4,000
that Jones carries the state, and
that Rector carries Russellville,
Davis' home town.
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28

Let's see didn't Clarke try for
Jones' seat in the senate before?
Yes, he did; he withdrew, how
ever, and he had better a-with-
dfewn this time.
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28

We have no fight to make on
our Davis friends. We doubt
their judgment nightly, how
.svsr.
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28

II the Clarke-Davis combine
would put Its ear to the ground,
i might hear the distant, angry
rumbiings even now.
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28

Vote for T. B. Padgett of In
dependence county for State
Land Commissioner. He is a
good man, and would make a
capable official.
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28

The charges so often made
against Gov. Davis are notorious
facts and are not to be Laughed
off," as some Of his friends at
tempt to do.
Sharp County record., 1902-03-28

Did yos say you wanted to
trust q bust? Then pump NOR
phine into the Clarke-Davis
combine.