davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-14

The advance of civilization is noted
in the Holy Land, where American
beer has become a popular beverage.
Jerusalem now has electric lights, tele-
phones and monographs, and trolley
lines are talked of to connect that cele-
brated city with Bethany, Bethlehem,
the Lake of Galilee and other places
famous in Bible history.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-14

and three-quarter million dollars
worth of flour was sent to Brazil from
this country. Ten years ago, thanks to
the reciprocity treaty then in force,
than they are now. They will increass
if Argentine flour has to pay more
than American flour. Why the Bra
lillian Chamber of Deputies should
make a change in the tariff law which,
according to the dispatches, is disap-
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-14

the subject, as he himself has been a
statesman for the best part of his life.
The earl was prime minister for nearly
two years. He succeeded Mr.. Glad
stone in 1894, and was replaced by
Lord Rosebery. Lord Rosebery is dis
tinguished for the blunt manner in
which he speaks his mind.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-14

Indian territory to Oklahoma. The
1900 census showed Indian territory
to have a population of $4,000, of
whom 3O2,6s0 were whites, 36,S53 ne
groes, 1,107 Indians with political
rights, and 81, 1893 Indians not taxed.
The latter are now being divorced
from tribal relations, and will speedily
come into possession Of lands In sew
crafty and of all political privileges
enjoyed by other residents of the ter
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-14
Cost of Ral,rng Wheat.

From Farmers Review: l wish to
call to your attention a reference
found in the Year Book OF the
Department of. Agriculture for 1899.
On page 316 you will find it stated that
the improvement in methods has re-
duced the cost of human and animal
labor in producing a bushel Of wheat
from four to one cent per bushel. "a
page 1872 you will find it stated that the
time required to produce a bushel or
wheat is on an average of ten minutes
and at a cost of 31a cents per bushel
for human labor. You will observe
that these two statements do not agree
very well, since in n case they state
n cent per bushel for human and
animal labor and in the other case 3 1-3
cents per bushel for human labor.
However, 1 think this slight discrep-
ancy is of very small Importance, since
they both to my mind are silly. By re-
ferring to page 100 of the same book
you will find they state the average
bushels per acre to be IL $40 for the
year 1899. l submit that neither IL $40
cents per acre nor Al cents per acre,
as in his second statement on page
352, is anywhere in the neighborhood
of correct, as neither amount will pay
the man for blowing the ground, to
say nothing of other necessary labor.
l notice in the forepart of the book
here referred to that it vas expected to
distribute these books at the Paris Ex-
position. 1t is my opinion that it is
very unfortunate to send out unreliable
information to foreign countries, and
almost equally so to our own people,
and I am very much surprised that the
Department of Agriculture would per-
NIT such imaginative statements to be
made. After referring to the same,
would be pleased to have your opinion
of the observation-disclosures Penrose,
Pennsylvania.
> The Farmers Review agrees with
Mr.. Penrose that the figures published
. by the Year Book as quoted by Mr..
Penrose are utterly absurd. Moreover
1T is evident that the deductions were
made for the purpose If making
case" They are certainly not a credit
to the Department of Agriculture. Ii
the Year Book of 1893 was published
o table of the cost of producing whea
v in very State of the Union, and for tn,
e country as a whole. This table wa
p headed Estimated cost of the princi
e pal items and total cost in the produc
e ton of wheat and corn by States pc
acre for 1893" Under the headlin
1t was this legend: Consolidated fror
% returns from over 1000 experts" TIL
lie general average cos per acre for tn
IS country was as follows:
Rent of land Q =
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-14
FARM AND GARDEN.
MATTERS OF INTEREST TO AGRl-
CULTURISTS.

some Up-to-Date Hints About Culti-
walton of the Soil and HieiuS
Observation-Disclosures, Viticulturs and
Horticulture.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-14

An ancient ship was recently discov-
cred in the bed of the old River Lea,
in England. The vessel, found at a
depth of seven feet below the surface,
is about fifty feet long and is con-
structed Of oak throughout, with the
exception of the keel, which is of elm.
The ribs of the boat are secured to
the sides by tree-nails. while the tim
bers are secured with crude iron nails.
The floor boards are fastened together
with nails and the calking is done with
felt. A~ntiquarians think it belonged to
the feet with which King Alfred the
Great fought the Danes.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-14

Kahr Corn and Alfalfa as Hog Fe~d.
At the Kansas Experiment Station
ten hogs fed Kahr-corn meal and whole
alfalfa hay gained an average Of 800
pounds each in nine weeks, while
those having Kafr-corn meal alone
Tained an average of 62.4 pounds
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-14

The average amount of seed used
per acre was Ia bushels.
The yield of wheat for 1898 was
S96,131,72 bushels, grown on 34,629, AIS
acres OF land. The average yield per
acre was about 11.50 bushels, making
the cost of growing a bushel of wheat
that year about S1.00. In the figures
Of cost per acre, labor is comprised in
the items preparing ground, sowing.
harvesting, threshing, housing, mar :
keting. The amount thus paid for
labor is $3.50, or nearly 55 cents per
bushel for the year 1893. About one
half the cost of raising wheat is in the
labor. The cost per acre of raising
wheat varies little from year to year.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-14
NJ. M. SWEET Publisher.

We use 1O4, 1000 tons of nax yearly,
France comes next with a consumption
of sc, 200 tons.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-14

Eugene Dupuy of Detroit is said to
be the only man now living who as
sisted in organizing the American
Pharmaceutical association in 1851.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-14

:. *

ritory. The question was whether the
people of Oklahoma would care to
take into civil partnership all these
Indians who, whatever their good
qualities, were without experience in
more than the most limited form
of self-government.-Chicago Inter
Ocean.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-14

The mar that buys fruit trees to put
into his orchard should inform him
self of the nursery conditions under
which the trees were grown. The ma
ture of the soil in which they were
started and made their first few years
of growth should not be far different
from the nature of the soil in which
they are subsequently to grow. If the
trees have been started in a very rich
soil with an abundant supply of mois-
ture they will receive a check that will
result in a permanent stunting. With
out doubt this is the hidden cause OF
the failure of many an orchard. 1t is
more than likely to be the case when
trees are brought from very distant
places, say a thousand miles or sc
away. 1t has been thought that the
failure of so many trees thus obtained
was due to some hidden. quality in the
climate, but it appears to the writer tc
be more reasonable to assume that thu
difference in soil conditions largely
accounted for the failures.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-14
horticultural ob.ervatIOns.

(From the Farmers Review')
AS to the cultivation of orchards no
general rule can be laid down. We IN
common with others, advocate the u l
tivation of orchards, but at the same
time we recognize that there are come
orchards that should not be cultivated
Those are the ones that are on very
rich ground. This is especially tne
case with young and growing orchards,
There is a rate of growth that shouia
not be exceeded. In very rich grounu
trees often make such rapid CROWN
that they are injured. In such cases
we certainly would not urge cultlVation
till the trees come into bearing n Dc,
gin to draw heavily on the fertility OF
the soil.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-14

He who has but one coat cannot lend
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1902-01-14

We would like to hear from Jul READ
ers as to the best distance apart lor
the planting of apple trees. While TINS
question has been before the country
for a long time, it is still unsettleu.
This is due largely to the fact hat II
has been supposedly settled a numper
of times, and each time 1t has taken
several years to find out hat the SET
Element was not conclusive. A dozen
years ago it was believed by some OF
our progressive orchardists that the
only way to do was to plant the trees
about twice as thick as they should III
timately stand and then cut out the
alternate rows a few years after the
trees had come into bearing. The trees
were planted about a rod apart and In
some cases closer together. They grew
and began to zeal fruit. They deVel-
oped till their limbs began to inter-
Irvine and the owner recognized the
fact that the time had come to do the
thinning out. Did he do it? Not al
all, in most cases. He hadn't the hear
to cut down the large fine trees, though
his intelligence told him it should Dc
done. The result was ultimately al
orchard gone more to wood h u
fruit. Now horticultural scientists are
urging the dropping Of the system, To-
it has become to be a generally &C
cepted truth that if trees are planted
too closely in the first place they ar
likely to stand that way.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-09-14

many rows of stitching, a series OF taneta
-appliques increasing in size from Deit TO
hem and from belt to shoulder, lending the,
costume something of the Louis Nil. erect.
Instead of a vest of horizontal stltchlhgs TO
match the skirt panel there is lnseried
gilet of ivory white satin. Eaeh applique
design is embroidered in shades of gray
with fold lines of black. The collar resem-
bles RobespierFe and fastens across the
front with crayat of soft black silk. The
sleeves turn back ever an under part of
tucked mousseline, and figure of appliqued,
taffeta ornaments the narrow cuff.
No dress material ever woven is more
thoroughly satisfactory than mohair, but to
j be strictly modish it should be plain in
neither color nor weave. ..... s
an English warehouse is the originator of
an extremely simple and stylish dress of
this kind in a charming pastel mohair.
The skirt, instead Of having circular
flounce, has a unique one made in very wide
box plaits. Each plait is cut downlin a
slight point at the top and finished with
three fiat straps of moire.
The bodice presents the appearance of a
simple blouse, belted in trinity at the waist.
and having deep collar incrusted with EN-
broideries and lace closing snugly over a
corsage of sillzand lace. This slight fulness.
which was a Characteristic feature of the
dresses designed for the recent coronation,
will find favor with young and cd during the
approaching winter. 1t possesses the great
; advantage of suiting nearly all figures
The Panem model shows ever less blouse
than any We have seen before. Instead of a
bo.ero, there is drawn over this underpart a
coat extending four or five inches below the
waist line. The dress itself is of soft dull
gray, and there is an effective use of fat.
silk and mohair braid put on in running loops,
and in disconnected patterns.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-09-14

maintain that the plain coat sleeve Is lack
ing in grace and, for their part, they VIII go
on making pretty variations of the forearm
puff.
A rather exaggerated and extra long droop
is given to the Armand Martial mode.
which contains pretty suggestion for an
early autumn dress, made UP IN a hgufea
weolen material, resembling crepe. Inc
skirt has the front breadth laid in pialts,
which are left loose below the knees. ne
sides and back of the skirt are made III TWO
deep fiegnces, SHRED three or four times
upon a beading of overlapping tucks
Around the bottom of each fiounce Is set
band of fiet, worked with squares ana
dots, and bordered on eltherside WIN a
row of mauve taffeta matching the prevail
Ing tint of the figured material. At spaces
of about eight inches the bands are cut In
points, with the tips joining.
Just the suggestions of Il cape is given by
the way three rounding pieces are set upon
the shoulders below 4 yoke of hlet me>h and
mauve taffeta bands.
The bodice is simple blouse, having
broad band of applied trimming down the
front, the beauty of which is further en-
HANGED by the use of amethyst cabochons.
The sleeve duplicates the skirt design, the
fitness being sl1irred upon cap formed OF
folds, while in this case the trimming
reaches, around the arm in wide band
midway between elbow and wrist. Below
this applique are more folds, and then the
entire fitness is drawli into cuff OF lace,
showing the silk put on in squares, one Dox
inside of another Instead of the usual
buckle or belt ornamentin enameland beau,
tifully wrought metal,s this gown has the
crushed girde drawn under a bit OF the
trimming in diamond shape.
Kilted skirts are to ybe novelty OF the
season, and are made rp in some of the
rich camers-har plaids in browns and reds,
blues and greens, mauves and blacks. It
remains to be seen, however, how many
women will find them becoming. OF course
when the p!aits are dressed and stitched tat
there is no occasion foreiumsiness, but the
fancy for unconfned piaits seems to be gain
ing ground. This limits the new style to
those possessing trim, syeite figures 81
In the Preklin model-we are introduced
to one of these graceful novelties that strikes.
another fashionable note in the method of
applying trimming. TIE material isscapp-
cine cloth, soft andp.iable, and in the new,
shade of gray, which possesses rather a
brownish tinge
The stitched panel front is set between the
flowing Sides, which show, in addition to
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-09-14

So interested are the Parisians in the weav-
Ing of intricate patterns in trimming ana
the use of all manner of decorative novelties
that the fabric which forms the foundation
for their display appears to occupy sec
ondary place
There are few new fabrics either in tint
or texture, while the trimmings present nu-
smerous uses of lace and velvet applique. The
day of appliques is by no means on the wane,
and some of the latest models are examples
of an almost freakish use of the most dell
cate and Of the heaviest materials Velvet,
in all kinds of quaint and curious designs, is
set upon the fiimsiest of chiffons and lace
meshes while even thick braids, as well as
furs, are put in bands and graceful scrolls
upon the thnnest material.
For evening wear gold, silver and rich red
will figure prominently as trimming, ana
many lace robes will show the patterns
picked out with glittering paillettes OF an
over design of velvet petals outlined with
gold or silver. Hand work will be as much
part OF every gown as heretofore, and the
setting together of oddly shaped parts has
been responsible for the introduction of some
extremely novel stitches.
For the street no material will be con-
sidered so suitable as rough tweeds and
long haired effects The correct thing to
use for trimming upon these is woven braids
in fiat bands, crocheted appliques or plain
stitching Seldom are any OIL THESE used IN
unbroken lines, for the idea now seems to be
to have the trimming suggest patches and
blocks connected by rather indistinct lines.
For this reason it is necessary that the
lines of the dress should be as perfect as
possible, and also long and sweeping, except
in the case of walking costumes.
Tucks are by no means ready to yield their
place of prominence and every skirt, from
the sheerest mousseline to the weightiest
frieZe, will almost invariably show an in
terpretation of design in tiny pinch tucks
or deep folds.
Gowns of soft fabrics will have the upper
i portion of the skirt laid in radiating tucks,
willie upon the bottom will be set, not one,
but two, three, four or even five graduated
founces.
Boeros continue to be popular, and skirts
present that fulness at the bottom that tall
women find so emfnent.y becoming, but
sleeves are, as yet, in somewhat unsettled
state. Many dressmakers are advocating the
discontinuance CT the s"baggy'' style and an
adoption of a trimmer shape, while others
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-09-14

under the sun--the social sun, that is to say.
The old way Of being superior to every kind
of entertainment, house, picture, friend or
pug dog, il yawn which said very plainly,
Very rice; but not half what I've been
accustomed to all my life" has gone out.
Now you must go about wreathed with
smiles OF benign charity toward all the
worid-your world. anyway. What the min
listers have been toiiing upward in the night
to bring about has sprung intosbeing by
fsingle bound at the call of the wizard
fashion. 90 g.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-09-14
GOOD FORM TO BE KIND.

Now a new nat has gone forth. Let all
the world bow down and worship the new
Cult, the religion of kind words. For it is
now considered distinctly bad form to say
= II ~ word of any one, even cne's dearest
enemy. If you think Mrs. Vulga positively
shocking in her misuse of English, you must
stifte your thinker before it allows the bad
form to hubble to the surface in words-it's
SO very ,passe to have an evil thought of
soul in the world.
: Ur,Nat leastnyou must not say ii out in SO.
ciety. It's quite the proper thing to be
delighted with everything and everybody
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-09-14
sIGNET RINGS FOR WOMEN.

pncity of the ling is what took their fancy.
Everything in the jewelry line has been so
elaborate in style and make the last few
years that ! suppose women We're glad to
take mp something plain for change.
These signet rings are great things for
presents. They are not expensive, and when
you are in Il quandary as to what to give a
friend for a birthday or Christmas present
it is not at all Inappropriate to present him
with a neatly engraved signet ring. 1t is
present that men and women can make
to one another without the least embar-
rassment, and one that will always be appre-
ciated."
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-09-14

Signet rings are now popular with women.
While the li2SS a.e NOT so large, they are
of the%same style as those worn by men-2
plain gold ring, with a large circular band
IL the center, On which the initials are en-,
graved. Thrre is little COMMUNICATION, anu
the rings when worn with others on u .wo-
mans fingers, is conspicuous by its plain
ness. {e
Yes said u New York jeweler, 81 have
nearly aHdoZen men busy making and en-
craving these rings, and they arc all for
Women.t How the fashion started / don't
know, bat not so long after they had been
adopted by the men the women followed
and took them up also. presume the sim
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-09-14
NINE MEN AND A TAILOR.

: Once upon time there was tailor who
had only nine customers, but as the nine
were very wealthy men, who wore great
many suits Of clothes each season and were
not at all particular as to how much they
Maid for them. he succeeded in accommodating
a fortune in a few years.
moral: Nine men can make tailor, If
they only spend enough.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-09-14
.-- H..
AN ANNUAL AFFAIR.

With the fal! club women's faacies
Fond,y turn to clubhouse plans,
And they build them costly mansions
=. At the gatherings of tie clans.
But when hopes are at their highest,
A sad. sad discovery is made
Not one cent in the treasury; ai
Yearly d"es have not been paid. s,
THE TREASURER.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1902-08-22
Norlnannaheitmen
AXEL ORLING'S WORK
System Of Wireless Telegraphy
Doomed by English Co.
ADVANTAGES OVER MARCONpS
1t Is Said to Operate Successfully at
Long Distances and With
Lower Masts.
ADVANTAGES OVER MARCoNI's

Axel Orling, the Swedish engineer who
has experimental with wireless telegraphy
at the Armstrong works in England, has
so far omplet ed his work that q company
has been formed to open factories III
England and France for the manufacture
of his apparatus. The London papers
laud the young electrician very highly and
place him in the same rank as Marconi.
The new system will be known as the
Armorl, tho name being made from the
first syllables of Armstrong and Orling.
and will doubtless acquire the supremacy
in England. The stock company behind
It is capitalized at nearly one million dol
lars. 1t will place goods on the market at
once and has already sent out price lists
and illustrated catalogues.
Mr.. Orling has been working without
cessation for over a year with eleven SWe-
dish engineers rs aides. One variety OF
apparatus which he has perfected is in
tended for the transmission of telegraph
or telephone messages a short distance
up to twenty miles. All that is required
Is transmitter and receiver with wires
fastened to gas or water pipes.
For long distance transmission it is nee
essary to go up in the air in order to en-
ploy the Armorl system, but the masts or
towers need be only One-tenth as high
as those found desirable in the MarcOni
plan. Mr.. Orling maintains his ability to
send messages through buildings of all
kinds and oven through mountains, and
to send them much further than MarcOni.
He has also constructed small COM
bined telephone and telegraph apparatus
for the use of armies when on the march
or in the field
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1902-08-22
ST ield
Il. JUSTI'S ADDRESS
Illinois Man to Speak at the E. &
E. Convention. 4
ARBITRATIoN's USES AND ABUSES
Some of the Views Of the Speaker on
the Above Theme
r.
Given.

Herman Justi of Chicago, commissioner
of the Illinois Coal Operators association.
has written more fully of his paper to be
delivered at the national convention Of
employer and employees, Sept. 1926. He
will speak On "Arbitra tion-Its Uses and
Abuses He says:
l have always believed, and am now more
thoroughly convinced than ever, that the
labor problem can be settled and can be set
tied in no other way than by the organization
of the employer class. If properly organized,
the employer class can deal successfully with
labor, whether it is organized at all, whether
imperfectly organized or perfectly organized.
What we are endeavoring to do in this state
is to deal with the labor problem as a bust
ness problem pure and simple, and, for one,
l believe that if the subject is taken up in
this way by employer and employe, conflicts
between labor and capital will be reduced to
the minimum.
Where capital and labor are both organized
the necessity for any definite plan of arbtra-
ton is not very great.
In view of our experience in this state,
and recognizing the necessity of arbitration
only in an extremity. l have decided to ad-
dress the convention on the subject of "Arbi-
tration, Its Uses and Abuses" The failure
to use arbitration in an extremity is unfortu-
nate, cut the abuse of arbitration is more Sc
rious. l shall endeavor in my address before
the convention to show why the abuse of arbi-
tration will ultimately discredit the whole
idea of arbitration.
Each successive month affords additional
arguments for the general adoption of the
plan of Cancellation and arbitration, adopted
by the coal operators and coal miners Of Illi-