The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-02-09

| OF occupation In order that the afair mivb,
be deliberately settled. but Tie Peruvian
envoy replied that no such extension wouid
be granted. These negotiation were cut
short by the occurrence of u prolonged
Ministerial crisis Ia Chile. aud when ol dec
Z. 1894, a new Chilean Cabinet wac formed
1t turned its attention toward BDiNit ard
neglected Peru. Thus P,ru's ffii ,nprt ia
secure an execution of the Treaty Of Arc,n
proved as abortive IA its pred 'ge-.Jrs
A change of government in Peru boz MGrch.
1895, prevented n formal resumption II
negotiations. During The ,~h'rr'agr.m
which preceded a general election, executive
power was vested In a juiG. If which Se6or
Manuel Candamo was President aud Min.
lister Of Foreign Affairs. As the Juuta's
tenure of Office wpg ttansitory, il could
hardly be expected TO undertake tie settle.
Inent of the Tacna n africa affair, never.
theless. as Scnor Lira. the Chilean envoy,
expressed a desire TO confer with Sohor
| Candamo ON tho subject, a hearing was
granted TO him. Instead Of taking 70
the negotiations at the point whore fhov
had been left, Senior lira proposed The
definite annexation Of Tacna aud Area
to Chile by an agreement with PCrH. BE-.
ing informed that Peru was on!y ~v.llingto
discuss the method of taking the plehiS.i,e
stipulated In the treaty OF peace, Senior
Lira said that. before discussing the man.
ner OF holding the plcbiscitc, il would 10
expodient to learn how the payment ~
the ten million-dollar indemnity was 20 lie
made. His " proposal was to the eject
that, within one month after the publication
OF the result OF the plebiscite. the udem.
\ nifty should be paid in full and in cash.
Peru had been lust convulsed by a civil
war, and its financial embarrassment
were well known TO Chile. SEM Can.
damo replied that the Peruvian Govern.
ment had been authorized 10 raise a loan
OF SIC, 900 900, for the service Of which loan
the salt monopoly and the revenue Of the
CaIlao Custom HOUSE would be set aside.
He added that, IL the Santiago Government
was not satisfied that the money could bs
| raised on such. securities, IL might retain
| possession OF Tacna and AFRICA until the
indemnity should be paid. Even this offer
! did not prove acceptable To senior Llra,
and DIR. Maurtua suggests that lie would
| have remained unsatisfied, If senior Cam
| dumo, following the example ret by the
unfortunate Inca, AtahuaIpa, had filled
| a room with the silver coin needed to make
up the designated sum. Even to such a
guarantee some objection would have
been discovered.
Notwithstanding the successive rebufs
which the Peruvian Government received
from Chile, IL persisted in its attempts
to obtain the execution Of the Ancon treaty.
About the middle OF 1895. that is TO say a
number OF months after the futile couier-
ence between Senior Lira and Senior Cam
damo had been concluded, a new Peruvian
Minister of Foreign Affairs invited Senior
Lira, who was still at Lima, TO renew the
| negotiations. The reply was that no change
had been made in the formers instructions,
tina the method of paying the indemnity
must be settled before the arrangements
for the plebiscite were made. Neverthe-
less, a conference took place, but on the
Inauguration OF a new presidential term
in Chile a few days later, an order came
from the new Santiago Government to
suspend negotiations until IL should have
outlined its policy. Owing to the fact that
Chilean diplomacy now turned its atten-
ton 20 Bolivia, the suspension continued
until August, 1897, when senior Vicente
Santa Cruz arrived at Lima as Chile q envoy.
BY this time the impression had gained
ground at Santiago that Bolivia was not
strong enough to be either utilized or feared
in the event of war with Argentina, and,
accordingly, several Chilean newspapers
had advocated a prompt settlement OF
the Tacna-Arica affair. On the arrival
of Senior Santa Cruz in Lima the Peruvian
Minister of Foreign Affairs proposed an
immediate settlement on the basis OF the
return of the mortgaged provinces TO
Peru. This propose was rejected. There
upon the Peruvian Minister suggested
that the Peruvian districts Of Tarata, Es-
tioue and Tamacachi, which Chile had
arbitrarily included in the provinces OF
Tacna and africa, should be excluded from
the operation OF the plebiscite. This like
wise was refused on the plea that the dis
tricts named did form part of the territory
spoken Of in the Treaty OF Ancon. Ulti-
mately, Senior Santa Cruz agreed TO ac-
quiesce In the suggestion, provided Peru,
ON her part, would allow Chile to advance
her undisputed frontier as far as the Valley
of Vitor. This counter-proposal was re-
iected by Peru, after which all negotia-
tons were dropped for the time being.
Meanwhile, however, a war between Chile
and Argentina seemed impending. and the
Santiago Government decided TO conciliats
Peru. To that end n confidential agent
was sent TO Lima, and the result oil his con-
f~erences with the Peruvian government
was the appointment of senior Bllinghurst,
First Vice-President Of Peru, as special
envoy TO Chile, with fun powers TO settle
the long-standing controversy From the
moment Of his landing at Valparaiso he was
welcomed with enthusiasm as a herald OF
peace, and the Chilean press professed TO
be eager TO reach a settlement. AT the
outset Of the negotiations, however, the
Chilean Minister Of Foreign Affairs pro-
posed that the whole Of the mortgaged
territory should be definitely cedcd to
Chile, which, in return, would increase the
original amount of the indemnity. This
proposal being fatty rejected Ivy senior
Billinghurst, II was next suggested that
Peru should code the Province Of africa TO
Chile and retain the Province OF Tacna,
no indemnity being paid on either side.
This mode of settlement being also opposed.
the Chilean Minister OF Foreign Affairs
advocated a division OF the territory on
the lines formerly put forward, Peru ad-
NdDClIlE DtT lTblllAtI 70 Naltip anu NiiAi
hers as far as Vitor; a plchiscite TO he held
In the central zone, and the indemnity re-
duced to 81 900, 600. Senior B~illinghuTst re-
piled that no Peruvian Government would
dare TO cede even an inch of the territories
of Tacna and africa, except in pursuance
of the plebiscite prescribed bv the, treaty
Of Ancon. Chile mex proposed tlat the
mortgagod territory should be divided into
three sections. and that a separate plebis-
cite should he taken in each. On the ground
that such a division was sanctioned neither
by the letter nor the spirit of the treaty OF
peace, Senior Bllinghurst rejected this
proposal. as well as another, that separate
plebiscites should be taken in Tacna and
africa. Finally, on April o, 1905, an agree
ment was reached and a protocol was
signed bv the Chilean Minister for Foreign
Affairs and by Sehor B~illinghurst, the
Peruvian plcnipotcntiary.
The parties To this protocol agreed 20
submit, within the term of sixty days from
the ratification Of the convention. 20 the
decision Of the Government Of the Queen
Regent Of Spain the two following points,
namely: Who have n right to vote at
the ylebisciie that shall decide the perma-
nent sovereignty and dominion over the
provinces Of Tbcna and africa, the requi-