The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1902-11-28

dependent state; and never to take
possession, neither directly or under
the title of a protectorate, or under
any other form, of any part of the ter
ritory of which they are composed"
The story of Hawaii's independence
is interesting. Prof. Alexander states
that matters leading up to the recogni-
ton of independence began to shape
themselves sometime previous to 1S43.
In February, 1912, Sir George Simpson
and DR.. Mclaughlin, officials in the
service of the Hudson Bay Company,
arrived at Honolulu on business, and
became interested in the native people
and their government. After an inyesti-
CATION of the varioss troubles between
their own country and Hawaii they be-
came convinced that the latterssWas
unjustly dealt with. Sir George offered
to loan the king 10000 sterling in
cash, and advised him to send commits
sioners to the United States and Eu-
rope with full powers to negotiate new
treaties. and to obtain guarantee Of
the independence of the Kingdom. Sir
George Simpson, Haalilo, the kings
secretary, and Mr.. Richards were ap-
pointed joint ministers plenipotentiary
to the three powers on April 8, 1872.
The commissioners went by different
routes. The British consul, Charlton.
followed the embassy to defeat its
object. He started for London sudden
ly on September &c, 1912, sending back
threatening letter to the, king, and
appointing Alexander Simpson as act
| ing consul Simpson advocated the
annexation of Hawaii to Great Britain,
and is said to have insulted the gov
ernor of Oahu, whereupon the king
declined to recognize him az such Off
Ger. The latter's grievances were laid
before Sir George Paulet, commanding
the British frigate Carysfort, then at
| Mazatlan, Mexico. Simpson said life
! and property were in danger in Homo
lulu, and Rear Admiral Thomas was
! induced upon these representations to
send the Carysfort here.
On December 10, 1912, the United
States recognized Hawaii as an indie
pendent state through the medium OF
Messrs. Richards and Haalilo, Daniel
! Webster then being Secretary of State.
| Sir George Simpson arrived in Lon
h n n
| interview with the Secretary of State
! for Foreign Affairs on February ~,
1S43 Lord Aberdeen, the Secretary, at
| first refused to receive the embassy
as ministers from an independent
| state or to negotiate treaty, alleging
! that the king did not govern, but that
! he was exclusively under the influence
OF Americans to the detriment OF Bit
! ish interests and would not admit that
| the United States had yet fully recog-
nized the independence of the Islands.
| The embassy went to Brussels and an
! interview was had with Leopold |, VINO
promised to use his influence to obtain
recognition of Hawaiian independence.
| Encouraged, the ENJOYS proceeded 70
| Paris. where, on March IL, lS43, M
| Guizot. Minister of Foreign Affairs,
received them kindly and engaged on
behalf of France to recognize Hawaiian
independence He made a similar
statement to Lord Cowley; the British
ambassador. A second interview with
Lord Aberdeen gained from him the
! promise to remove Mr.. Charlton. VI
ApriI / Lord Aberdeen formally replied
to the Hawaiian commissioners, statlne
that "Her Majesty's government Il
! willing and has determined to recog
nize the independence OF the SanoWlci
Islands under their present sovereign,
but insisting on perfect equality OF al
foreigners in the islands before th'
law.
Meanwhile. thrilling events had oc
Cured in the Islands. On Feoruar.
10. 1913. the Carysfort arrived at Homo
lulu and withheld the usual formal sa
lutes. The United States Sloop of W.,
Boston arrived on the 18th. The KING
i, who had been sent for by Lord Paulet
arrived from Lahaina on. the lotn
The Englishman refused to treat VIII
. the king through DR.. Judd and on tn
evening of the 18th sent peremptor
/. letter. enclosing six demands, with tn
; threat that if they were not compile
: with by D. m. the next day ''immedl
ate coercive steps would be taken
= On the morning of the 18TH IN
4 frigate was cleared for action and ne
battery brought to bear on the towr
Some English families went aboard tn
I brig Julia. while Americans placed the
I valuables aboard the United state
sIoop Boston. The first impulse or III
Hawaiians was to resist, but a lette
/ was sent aboard saying ambassador
had been sent to England to settle Tn
J difficulties. At p. m. salutes Wer
fnterchanged. On February 20 tn
king visited the Carysfort. Unjust de
!. mands were pressed upon the king, an
!. a mushroom debt of $4,000 had grow
ND in a few hours DR.. Judd advised
!. temporary cession to Lord Paulet {
!. the Islands pending an appeal to tn
British government. On February =
= 1S43. AT 8 D. m, the Hawaiian nag wa
l. lowered and the British flag holste'
All Hawaiian flags found were destroy
cd There was much trouble durln