The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1902-01-18
FARM AND GARDEN.
MATTERS Or INTEREST 70 AGRi-
'CUlTURiSTS~ "
'eome CHr:to-Date Hints About Culti-
vntioA of the SON and Yiolds
Observation-Disclosures 'viticulture and
Horticulture.
AatA1Ux.

-- , :,
Tho recent outbreak Of anthrax or
~chazsbon near Pa1atine, ILL.,, has ,dt-
rectsd wide attention to the disease,
seeing that it proved not only fatal to
cattle attacked, but to at least one man
Ia attendance upon the bovine VIC
tins. Some particulars about the dis
ease will prove OF interest to our read
ess,' as there is quite misunderstand-
Tag Of the difference between anthrax
young cattle known as "black Leg" In
this department of the paper we haze
t&aken pains to impress upon the minds
''of stockmen the necessity of keeping
cattle away from stagnant water in
Fponds or sloughs and even from run
ming rivers or creeks. The import
I ance Of this .precaution will be the bet
+ ter understood when it is stated that
most cases of anthrax are found where
cattle have been SO exposed to the rod
like, microscopic organism to which
: the disease is due. The "bacillus, as
1T is called, is found in such places. 1t
either originates there or is brought
there by water coming from, place
where dead anthrax animal has been
{ cast. For the latter reason It should
be made'a a misdemeanor punishable by
fine or Imprisonment for anyone to
throw "a dead animal into running
5 stream or drinking place. In Iowa q
bad outbreak of the disease was traced
at once to a pond into which dead
. anthrax animal had been cast and at
which" large herd of cattle took
drinking water daily. The disease
d; properly called anthrax occurs In dif-
ferent forms. In some cases there are
{ dfffuse swellings seen about the head
and neck and when pressed these
81 wellings are found to be solid and do
not contain gas. On cutting into them
there Is found a yellowish, jelly-l1ke
, mass, more or less stained with blood.
, i n other cases the animal dies almost
ifnmediately from a form of apoplexy
ind discharges stained with blood
Ehe body. The body bloats and decom-
Yoses at once. This form Is not SO
EP.nn.on as the other. In third form
Nle disease is subacute and the victim
tnay live for five to seven days. In
ihe form characterized by external
Swellings the animal dies in from one
TO two days. In man the disease usu-
,aAy takes the form of malignant pus-
'tule" or carbuncle and is contracted
through a wound or abrasure of the
&*kin when person skins an animal
dead of anthrax. The disease may also
be carried in the same form to man by
insects and it is probable that flies are
the means of spreading the disease to
other animals when dead bodies are
left to decompose in the open air. In
this way anthax may be spread to
sheep and horses. Swine and dogs are
largely immune from the disease.
From what has been said it will be
seen that it is very important to de-
:strgy the carcase of an anthrax victim
by this means. The best way to get
rid of the, carcase Is to totally destroy
lit by fire, ibut If this cannot be done
it should be buried deeply in quick
lime. It:is not enough to bury it deep
,ly, for Darwin has shown that earth
worms may bring the spores OF the dis
lease to the>surface, where they may be
taken into 1.-THE systems Of cattle pas
turing over the graves and again
.cause the disease. When an anthrax
victim is opened the spleen is always
found to be: greatly enlarged and filled
with tar-like matter; the blood is dark
and does mot coagulate; the mucous
membranestof the chest and abdominal
cavities are covered with dark red
spots and .hlood-stained discharges is
sue ifrom the natural orif1ces of the
bo6y. When an animal is attacked
with BLACK leg the disease is character
lied by external swellings, which are
found ito ibe filled with gas, which
makes the swellings give out a crack
Ting sound when handled. After death
the spleen lis found to lbe unchanged
and the blood ooagulates and turns red
| on exppgure to the air. Blackleg does
not att2ek animals other than young
cattle. Cattle may be aafelyy $tnocu
lated against blackleg and withasome
degree Of success against sntthrax K In
case of an outbreak Of anthrax cattle
should be changed to a fresh pasture
away from stagnant water. sDasinfect-
ants (such Is the tar product disin-
fectants advertised in this paper)
should be freely used around the
buildings and for washing the hands.
Dead animals should be destroyed and.
not skinned. Cases should not be
treated. i So - - ...:.-,'r s.l1 l'~.
- .s--------- ~ - @~.ss
Fail FEATURING 6tecS. T. y.ss, ...s ,!
Press Bulletin SO, Of the Kansas Ex-
pertinent Station, says: Where It is