The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-06-08
,o,l ssse. mas ss rss "esiB

h--n mt,~h di.ru-..-i EnsiaEd has unt
t--n particularly alarmssi hy 'he rr-hr.
ton that 'he -ad n her cual ~r~-nurc"- 80
alma-t ~nhin sight The majority q he
p-.,pls have adopted The vi"~ that its
s~onnmist- vho sHrtn~t that two s"u"rt.
ton. more would practically 49, th" end
~ her cnAl tsSi- we're unnecessarily ps~>'-
m,-,ic England. ~ti,sfcte cnntinus- vi,h
m,rh serenity 10 --u more coal To the cuun.
,r,.- ~hlch import It than all IN" r--t -
tho world together II supplies Tar more
c,ains stations than any other county,
I; /. the only land hat does an enormous
business In the expectation Of cosl
The business ~ -ell'ng cual abroad l.
usually very profitable and ou. r~a-pn ~hv
England SURPRISES all cpmp~titorr IN THIS
business is h-cs,se she has special facilities
for IL. Her coal d. ~ near the SEA that
England j. Ahle 10 ship IL l~-- "spcn-iveiy
than any other exporting nation ovihg
IN our more extensive use % coal mining
machinery. a great deal OF our coal NJ Nv"
pit mouth dos~ not cnst ~ much a. british
coal hen rai--i "a the surface. hu' hN tho
time We ship our coal on VI" ocean u
usually costs more than British coal.
Another reason why usually. when IN"
price Of European coal Is not ahn"rnaliN
high, we cannot compete with British "h-
port. h. because our sea carriage TO the
continent, 10 Europe. which 10 hy far IN"
greatest importer. IL very much longer
mar that Of England Thus England has
special advants s~s for the export Goa
trade and she improves them To the utmost
IN spite Of the fact that eConomists are again
- ~ .a.F-
fury will undoubtedly sea the end Of her
coal resources.
The most interesting contribution that
has been made for q long time To ths que--
ton Of the worlds future coal supply j.
that which Dr. Ferdinand Fischer 81 Got
tin gen has just published. DIR. Fischer
has collected with much care all the beet
attainable data a. TO the coal resources 81
the entire world, Such work as this can
lie regarded only a. a striving 10 reach
conclusions that are worthy Of considera-
ton for the time trins and as satisfactory
as the psr-cnt condition Of our knowledge
will Permit They are likely TO bc very
much modified when we have more hight
on the question. just a. the prognOsti-
cations thirty years ago with regard To
the worlds coal needed amend
z when We came to understand how
enormously China IL able To contribute Ia
the supplies But though We must con-
tiuue to regard such estimates as those
made hv DIR. Fischer AZ tentative. they are
not only Interesting, but important AZ
Iain.taking. critical and able sum maries
Of our existing knowledge and of the CON
illusions which II secms To JUSTIFY
Briefly sunni. ng up the estimates which
Or. Fischer has hased uIun M s'iti"-,
h. Concludes that the attaIuRh!e ouai supply
Of Germany amounts, IN ruund nuri"f>.
TO lo0. 90 million tons, that ot Great Britain
10 NJ. SO million tons, that 81 Austria
Hungary. Belgium and France together
To l7.OO million tons Tn. Gal posts
% Russia ar. -tIIl ~ littl. known that DR.
Fischer does not attempt 10 estimate IA"
attainahle output. though he -ays that u .
resources are undoubtedly "noi nous. par
ticularly in the southern regions from the
government Of Pul'avs eastward INTO III"
land ~ the Don Cos~acks.
H., estimates that the coal resources
Of the whole Of America are NJ east ost.eD
million tons. All our later info rmatIun
with regard to CHINA has tended to con
firm the conclusions reached by Won Rich
thofen as 10 the enormous wealth IN coal
% tha, empire There H. A. yet no reason
10 believe that tins very careful scientific
traveller oNer-hut the mark when h"
estimated thi. figures are reproduced
hy Dr. Fischer the Nual provision of the
eighteen provinces al $1,000 million tons
Of anthracite and AT equal quantity Of
bItumuuU- Goa
II ia curious commentary on that really
civilized land WhICh. a. la a. "" know,
l. richer "a c'ai than any other cuuutrv
IN the world. that almost none 81 II l. vet
available for steam power II II largely
u-.d hv the Chinese, but mainly N tn
regions where 1t - mined. N" and npIt"s
are ~ mi-'rahlv poor that u does not pay
70 haul cOal more than twenty-five miles
Unless a mine l. within THIS distance Of
water carrlag, th. AREA 81 the distribution
Of the output j. confined to tho imru"iIai"
u~.ishborhood Steamships AZ shanghai ar"
today filing their hunker~ wi'hcual brought
from Europe. hCcau-' u l. cheaI-'r han
coal extensively brought from ,uIu''~.
mines In tho Interior
IN. United states now far SURPRISES
all other nations In the employment Of
HlhflllifIN Nv 'oeA iAAiN ." '" ~
and more rapid methods of machine mining
hav. undoubtedly been n factor IA the
Influences that have made Us III" first among
the coal-producing States Tn" quantity
~ our machine mined coal increased from
s.2o.0o tons In 1891 60 ~. saa .Do tons M
isq9 DIR. Fischer advises tina Grrman-
10 give mors attention 20 the miHlug Of
coal by machinery
In his opinion Germany has n cal sup
ply that will meet the needs 81 the Cp'In-
try for about 1910 wears Ia coin" Dr
Fischer al-D reaches the conclusion laS'Hi
upon the latest and mos, Hcrura'" ,nfor-
nation. that probably within H." mex,
ffty wears. and certainly within tins CEN
fury Great Britain will exhaust her coal
resour cea. at the present rate - cun-uup-
ton, that IL To say. she cannot ~ on sup
plying the LAT ger part az the worlds eH-
Isrt cual without reaching the END ~ her
tet her, a. far a. home coal l. concerned,
long before her industrial competitors
ha We exhausted their home supplies DR.
Fischer -n~tar'ains the gloomy view, cher
ished hy ~ man Germans, that when
England becomes a Nal importing nation
she will lc-- much Of her Importance ~
an Industrial state and will cease 20 to