davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1902-07-19

THE LAST landmark connected with
the history of Jack Sheppard, save the
church yard in which all left of him Is
said to repose, has been demolished III
order to make room for street improve
ments in London. Visitors 10 the
British capital will remember the old
building near the junction of the Strand
with Fleet street where Jack lived when
an apprentice to a carpenter. Ihey
will also recall to mind the famous Jail
breakers name on one of the beams, cut
in the wood by his own hand. The
beam is to be preserved and placed
among the curiosities of London. Jack
Sheppard has been dead over a cent
urv. and his dust is believed TO
be under one of the hagstones in
the ward of the Church OF st.
Martin s-in-the- Field, opposite the
British Royal Art Gallery. His
example has influenced many since
his execution, and at one time the Lon
don authorities forbade the production
of Ainsworth's novel bearing the out
laws name on the ground that II
was demoralizing to youth. English
youngsters have read and reread "Jack
Sheppard with the avidity which char
acterize American ledgings in perusing
certain Indian and detective stories OF
the adventures of juvenile desperadoes.
The histories of such characters as Jack
Sheppard, Jonathan Wild, Jesse james
and Tracy, the latest addition to the
ranks, may afford charm to some, but
to the many their memories are neither
sacred nor interesting.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1902-07-19
NEwHoUsE IN Souri, AFRICA

NEwHoUsE IN SOUTH AFRICA
Charles Henry Newhouse, the young
cattle broker of Culpeper county, whose
mysterious disappearance in the city of
Baltimore on Christmas eve last startled
his friends and aroused the most search
ing, but in vain, investigation on the
part of the authorities of that city, has
been heard from. The young mans
mother has received from her son letter
postmarked "Cape Town, South Africa.
The note was exceedingly brief and was
written upon a blank postoflice order
form of that country with lead pencil
1t told his parent that he had suffered
much, but was better now; that his alb
sence had caused him many heartaches
when he thought of them. Newhouse's
friends believe that he entered the Boer
army on reaching South Africa and that
he was captured by the British and has
languished in an army prison.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1902-07-19
The Market.

Cut this out and take it TO Richard
Gibson's drug store and get box of
Chamberlain's Stomach & Liver Tablets.
The best physic. They also correct dis
orders of the stomach. Prizes 20 cents.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1902-07-19

VIRGINIA ScHooLs.-Dr. j. W.
Southall, Superintendent of Public
Instruction, has made his biennial re-
port, the advance sheets of which are
just from the public printer. Among
other things he says: 1--WE have been
dissipating our educational energies and
resources, instead of consolidating and
concentrating them for the great strug-
giles against illiteracy and crime. This
deplorable state of affairs is due mainly
to the wild and insane tendency to null
tiply small district schools"
Nearly one-half of the public schools in the
State, he says, should be abolished. In the
matter Of pay for the teachers, il is noticed in
DR.. Southall's report that in the list of forty
seven States and Territories in the United
States, Virginia stands forty-hfth in the mat
ter Of salaries paid TO her male and female
teachers. Only two States-North and South
Carolina-pay lower salaries TO their teaching
force than Virginia. The average salary paid
in this State TO male teachers is $32.09, while
female teachers receive 1860.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1902-07-19

tanning a nuisance in a. certain quarter
of the city. The District of Columt ia
Commissioners have ordered the re-
moyll of the worthless CANNES in
FIVE DAYS. and the members of the
society are indignant Ownerless dogs
are a nuisance when they are al
lowed TO scatter all over a city, but when
concentrated in certain quarters where
they bay the moon all night an intoler-
able annoyance is inflicted upon those
who unfortunately live nearby. Those
who complained have just grounds.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1902-07-19
Monetary and Commercial.

New York, July 19.-The stock market
opened somewhat irregular Trading was
moderately active. Fluctuations we're gen
orally confined to fractions and the undertehe
Oh the speculation was more than steady.
, IEAS, TEAS.-Haying purchased largely,
l am sui selling Good Tea at former prices,
o0c. and 6Oc. j. c. MILBURN.
- Call and see the new style SUNBURST~
Price 500, $50, and $1.75, at
H. WILDT'S.
LEMON CLING CANNED PEACHES for
&c. MILBURN.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1902-07-19

A poor widow of Middletown is heiress
to large estate in Texas. The lady is
Mrs. Yates, and on Monday she learned
that inquiry was being made for the
heirs of the late Maj. Joseph H. Pratt,
who died in Tevas about thirty years
ago. Mrs. Yates was a Miss Pratt, a
niece Of Maj. Pratt, and her attorney
will Immediately endeayor to recover the
estate for his client.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1902-07-19

IN THE Corporation Court yesterday,
s stated in the Gazette, Samuel Mills,
cbarged with obtaining money under
"a Sc pretenses, plead guilty and was SEN
fenced by Judge Norton, without the
malty of trial by jury, to two years
81 the penitentiary. This is the second
case of the kind tried in Virginia under
the new constitution, clause of which
provides that when a prisoner pleads
guilty, he may be sentenced directly by
tbe presiding judge. This provision is
% excellent one, and will save many
dollars for the State that have heretofore
Zen spent on expensive and useless
ries. When the guilt of a man is
sured and he himself is ready to ac-
knowledge it, it seems a waste of time
aud energy to be compelled to go through
he empty form and tedious process of
Jury trial.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1902-07-19

The SOCIETY for Friendless Dogs of
Washington has been charged with main
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1902-07-19
Summer Underwear.

Women's Lace-trimmed Umbrella DC
Pants, SOC. value. Special ........... @oS
Womens Swiss Ribbed Vests low neck,
sleeveless, our l9c. values. lTH ~
Special .........................'.......
Women's Lille Thread Combination Suits,
low neck, sleeveless, Csc. value. roc
Special ................ ..............,.........
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1902-07-19
DRY GOODS.
Bargains in
Summer Ribbons.

Six-inch All-silk Louisine Ribbon DC
the 500. kind, for-yard ................. %OS
No. 40 All-silk Satin Taffeta Ribbon, 1Sr
regular 25c yard-for, yard ............ iOS
No. 5 Gauze Ribbon, in black and white
only sold for 45c. piece-for, Dc
Five-inch All-silk Black Satin Gross
G Grain al Ribbon 45c. Guality-for Z5C
vi lSyaT FiBgS isSe Me- NIECE satnDaek 12Hc
The Conservative, 1902-04-10
Che Conservative.
of an educational system that Sights

of an educational system that Sights
this important matter. ~
The subject matter is unusually
rich and the method of presentation
excellent. DR.. Hodge has something
of value to say and the way Of saying
too. The book has great practical
value. All the plans and theories
given have stood the crucial test of
practice in the public schools of Wor-
cester. DR.. Hodge has developed a
good working plan for the study of
nature and he gives it with fullness
of detail that will be very helpful
to busy teachers.
To my mind however, the chief
value of this book is not in it's prac-
tical usefulness. nor yet in it's subject
matter. rich and varied as that is,
but rather in it's suggestive stimulat-
ing quality. Dr. Hodges nature
study is of the active out door variety
and this quality he has impaired to
his book.
There are many beautiful illustra-
tions. The first one can Old New
England Homestead, is peculiarly
appropriate. New England has al
ready given many naturalists to the
The Conservative, 1902-04-10
IMPORTANT WORK.

The United States Department of
Agriculture has just issued a work
of absorbing interest, dealing with
Apoplectiform Septicemia in chick
ems. This we can heartily recon-
mend to all our chicken hearted
friends. We cannot at this moment
recall having read more pleasing
essay on this particular Nonpyagenic
Streptococcus. 1t is sold for the low
will admit is cheap for any kind OF
Streptococcus. -
The Conservative, 1902-04-10
GENERAL STEVENS.

In reviewing a biography of Gen
eral Isaac I. Stevens, in the Conser-
vative of March 27th. we spoke of
his death in way that might mis-
lead a reader as to the rank he held
at that time. He was, of course, a
major general and in command of a
division, though he was leading his
old regiment, the 10th Highlanders,
in charge when he fell.
The Conservative, 1902-04-10

world. She gives one more whose
theme is Mature Study and Life. ="
There is throughout that blend of
hard, practical, common sense and
poetic Interpretation that marks the
New Englander as genius.
LOUISA McDERMOTT
Breen, Colo.
The Conservative, 1902-04-10
NATURE STUDY AND LIFE.

CnaC JuSG now is receiving muCn at
tention from educators in different
parts of the country. In this new
movement New York has led the
way. According to Prof. Bailey, of
Cornell, the express purpose of the
movement in New York is to solve
the rural problem, to stem the tide
of immigration from the country to
the cities.
From the purely educational stand
point nature study means new en-
phasis on the pupils environment.
The reasons are very good. An indi-
vidual thinks of his past experience
and his habits of thought are con-
stantly influenced by his surround
ings and the experiences of his daily
life Any system of education that
ignores these fundamental principles
is wrong in spirit and wasteful in
practice.
In several states nature study has
been identified with secondary educa-
tion in agriculture. State Superin
tendent Harvey, of Wisconsin, has made
some valuable contributions to the
literature of this subject. Of agri-
cultural education for rural and viii
lage schools he says: "The country
boy and girl should have opportuni
ties in the schools open to them and
which they are able to attend for Sc
curing more intimate knowledge of
the things with which they are
likely to be concerned in after life,
than is now afforded. They have
right not only to this knowledge, but
to the kind of training necessarily
required in securing it,"
DR.. Hodges point of view is more
comprehensive than any of these. In
way his scheme includes all these.
According to DR.. Hodges theory
nature study may and probably will
help to solve the rural problem, it
will put the needed emphasis OH the
child's environment and educate him
through his experiences, and it will
serve as basis for agricultural edu.
cation in the secondary schools. But
the fundamental principle on which
he bases nature study is basic to all
these. It is mans relation to nature.
the problem of civilization.
Of the cultivation of plants he
says: "Cultivation Of plants indi-
Gated and developed elements of char
acter fundamental to civilized life.
When we consider it's universal and
fundamental character in relation to
civilization and human advancement,
the omission of soil lore from
system of education of the young is
suggestive of relapse to barbarism
10 allow child to grow up without
planting a seed or rearing a plant is a
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1902-06-13

And every form of PRIVATE DISEASE
covuaI weakness ETC.. etc, are cured
under plain guarantee.
All condolences held inviolate.
consultations at office or by mail in
yited without charge
treatment by mail for those who can
not visit me.
medicines.
Question blanks for man or woman sent
free on application.
m DOZIER is a graduate in every
branch of medical and surgical science
bas twenty-five years experience, a ma
tional reputation. and is endorsed by the
neg. national banks and thousands OF
| natrons as the most expert and reliable
specialist in the South.
montgomery Advertiser: DR.. Dozier is
| endorsed by the press and people OF
every section of Alabama.
ada anything to the reputation OF DR.. O.
# Dozier has already acquired In tho
line of his profession. but we know him
90 he a brother Odd Fellow that can be
re,,ed on to carry out every promise he
naLes TO those needing his services
Masonic Guide: DIR. Dozier comes from
family of prominent physicians, and
with his full store of medical knowledge
and his large experience in his profession
can be relied on to treat disease In the
most successful manner.
Aee-Herald: His long record and an
proyed abilities entitle him to the proud
distinction of standing at the head of his
profession.
Offices Third avenue and Nineteenth
street. Birmingham. Ala
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1902-06-13
The Metal Market,

New York, June 1.-THE London mar
ket for tin was decidedly lower today. The
foreign market closed los lower for spot
and Ell 5s off for futures. Spot closed at
e130 los and futures at ELS 5s. The de-
cline here was about rs points with spot
at $29.75@ao.1215. Copper ruled quiet and
about steady with standard spot to Aug
ust at $1175@12.00; lake, $12 4211Ql12. 621k ;
electrolytic at s12.121aGl12.3o and casting at
IL. 121zQ12.25. The London copper market
eased off Is 6 with spot at G54 5s and
futures at e54 rs Cd. Lead ruled stead,
but quiet and unchanged locally at Al
The London market also ruled unchanged
at Ell IS. Spelter dull but nominal on
the basis of ~ at New York. Iron showed
no features Of importance at home, rul-
ing dull. Warrants were nominal; No. ]
foundry northern s21922: No. 2 foundry
northern. s2OG21.50; No 1 foundry south.
ern s2o.5o@21. 80; No. foundry southern
soft, $205Oa21.5o. Abroad prices were p
shade eaSier.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1902-06-13
New York Cotton Futures.
The Coffee Market

New York, June 2.-Coffee-Spot Rio
easy; No. invoice, 81; mild, quiet; Cor
dova, s911h. Coffee futures started easy
in tone with prices unchanged to 0
points lower and thereafter did not vary
more than points. The bids were at a
new low record level for the season, but
these new records" have been of such
frequent occurrence Of late that little at
tention was attracted. The foreign mar
ket news was summed up as of bearish
purport and importers once more took un
the selling scheme which they have fol-
lowed for months past. The bull clique
was slow to offer opposition of note.
Colsed steady net unchanged to 10 points
lower. Total sales. Is, 1870 bags; July, 4s0;
September. 4s5; October, sos; December Sis
G520; January, 525; February, 535; March,
$40; May, 5500555
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1902-06-13
ElnanclaI.

New York, June 12-Commercial Ad-
vertiser's London financial cablegram:
There was little in the stock market
today beyond the settlement and some
forced liquidation in Kaffirs early In the
day, but the close was good on Jewish
and continental support. Consols touch
ed 81 on Paris buying. Americans were
fairly steady. There was little animation
in the morning. but New York came
dull, chiefly in Atchison and Union Pac-
ifc
The market has borrowed 900
mainly on stock exchange loans. The
bank returns show that e2,000,00 has
been transferred to the market and bal
ances to the credit of the government
on deposits of consols installments The
reserve is UP to Ell, 100000 because of the
market repayment to the bank.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1902-06-13

Will not only save you distressing pain
and valuable time, but will cost you less
money. There is also q satisfaction In
knowing that the very best possible
treatment is being given to you by
competent physician who has experience
In such matters and is capable OF curing
you in the quickest and most perfect
manner possible. l have treated priVate
diseases as a speciality for the past nj
teen years In the city Of Birmingham ana
l en- therefore known to great many:
But II you are not acquainted with me. l
refer you. with permission. to First Ma
ticnal Bank. Alabama National Bank.
Jefferson County Savings Bank ana
Steiner Bros, bankers, as to my respon'
sibility for my contracts. cure many pa
uents by mail treatment. Write Tor
prices and terms
l do not use large advertisements and
false statements to attract patients
which merit has failed to secure. II you
fail to be cured by such methods, give
me call and get well.
Address DR.. Y. e. Holloway, 1904 Sec
ond avenue Birmingham, Ala.
Office Second avenue and Eighteenth.
opposite postoffice.
Office Hours: $50 a. m. to $50 p. m.
Sunday. 10 a. m. 10 II m.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1902-06-13
BIDS WANTED.

Bids will be received until the 18th OF
June by the city clerk of North Birming-
ham for the grading and macadamizins
of Seventh avenue from the Southern
Railroad to Sixth street. and for the
curbing and laying with cement paving
of the sidewalks on both sides of said av-
enue, between the above said points.
A certified check for $3.50 must accom-
pany each bid. The right is reserved to
reject any and all bids. Prof1les and speci-
fcations can be seen at the office of the
Ramsay-Reilly Engineering and Con-
struction Company, 2O24 First avenue.
w. B. HILLHOUSE.
6-7-10-11-12-13 City Clerk
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1902-06-13

Cash quotations were as follows:
Flour-No demand; prices nominal and
easy.
Wheat-No. g. 7O@721kc: No. 2, red, SOC.
Corn-No. 2, yellow, 63Ac
Oats-No. 2, 43Q4319c; No. 2, white, 46% !;
No. 8, white, 45azQ4611c.
Rye-No. 2, 5S1zc.
Barley-Fair to choice mailing, 66Q6Sc.
Flax Seed-No. l. $780, No. l north
western, $1.76.
Timothy Seed-Prime, $3.50.
Mess Pork-Per barrel, s17.671kQ1Zs5
Lard-Per 100 pounds, $10.25Q10.27.
Short Ribs Sides-Loose, $40 3711Q1O AN.
Dry Sailed Shoulders-Boxed, SA@Shc
Short Clear Sides-Boxed. $40. 75Q1O85.
Whisky-Basis of High Wines, $780,
Clover-Contract grade. $685..
Butter-Easy; creamery 1S@21c; dairy IS
@191sc.
Cheese-Firm, 1oQ10%c.
Eggs-Easy; fresh 15Q15kc.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1902-06-13
Live Stock Markets.

Chicago. June 2.-Cattle-Receipts, 5000
Including 1000 Texans Market mostly II
Q15c lower. Good to prime steers, 5000
7.So; poor to medium. 5.00@7O0; stocker,
and feeders, 2.50a5.25; cows, 1905. rs
heifers, 2.5O96.45; Gamers. 14002 40; bulls.
2.7595.75 calves, 2o0@650; Texas FED
steers, 500@8.70.
Hogs-Receipts, 5000. Market steady.
Good to choice heavy, 1897. SPY; light,
6.s5Q7.3 IS; bulk. 7.16@Z45.
Sheep-Receipts. 10000. Slow. Good to
choice wethers, 5.0OG5.5o; fair to choice
mixed. 4.5og50o; western sheep, o0Q5. so ;
native lambs. clipped, 5o0d6.75; western
lambs. clipped, 5.2596.75; spring lambs,
top TBS.
Cincinnati, June 12.-Hogs, easy, 5.65QI
7.25. Cattle, steady, 25O96.4O. Sheep
easy, 2.0c9435; lambs quiet lower; 4.75T
ZOO.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1902-06-13

changes. There will be plenty Of time to
get short when rains come. Short sell
ing now may turn out all right with the
help of rain, but 1t will be dangerous
We would rather sell October on a break
of 10 to 10 points after rains than sell II
at s points now. On every break cotton
can be bought. But the weather Is the
thing. and rains will break the market
sharply. The situation is simple, and
anyone knowing what the weather will
be can anticipate the next move.
New York Cotton Futures.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1902-06-13
Fruit and Produce.

FTuII anu FTO0uCos
Butter-Best Elgin 27c Mississippi, best
grade. 22c; Mississippi, second grade. zoe;
good country 15Q20c; Cooking. 121zc.
Apples-Per barrel. $5@5.25.
Peaches-Per crate, $l.00G1. So
Irish Potatoes-Per bushel. 800. new
potatoes, $27b.
Tomatoes-Per crate. 81 .bO@s.s6
Squash-Per crate $1W1.25.
Beans-Per bushel SOc@$1.
observation-disclosures, $500.
Bananas, Per Bunch Culla, 6O0Bo:
straights. 81 .25Q11.6o.
Eggs-Fresh. per dozen, Ice.
Lemons-Per box. SO. 25D3.75.
Ora .ges-Per box. $S.25dD3.T.
Poultry-Best friers, 30c; broilers $50
zoe; hens. 35c; Pekin ducks. 40955c; pud-
die ducks, 25Q35c.
Onions-Per pound. Sc.
Cabbage-Home grown &c per pound
Peanuts-Per md, 496c.
Dried Apples-California evaporated. "a:
lib packages. 9hc sun-dried, &c.
Canteloupes, 81. 30 to $500
INSTRUMENTATION, Soc.
Local Staple Groceries.
Flour-Huegely's BEST patent. $3.50: Ten
nessee patent. s4.35; half patent. $500.
Sugar-Granulated, &c; Y. c.. fkc.
Coffee-Green, S1a@11hc.; ArpuckIe's
packages, $10.SO: Lion packages, $40. 30;
Cordova packages. 1890.
Meats-Dry sailed ribs, 1ossc. clear bel
lies, 1oAc; dry sailed bellies 1o%c; Star
hams 13%c; four x hams, 13c; California
hams csc; breakfast bacon. 14c.
fornia hams. 9M; breakfast bacon. 14c.
Cheese-New York full cream, 15o.
Lard-Leaf lard. 11Ac.
Compound Lard-Snow drift, 9hc.
Molasses-Ccntrifugal. 15035c: sugar.
house, 20g35c; Georgia cane. s6c-
Corn-Mixed s3c; white SEC.
Meal-Pearl $1.42; water ground, H.a3.
Hay, Per Ton-Coice timothy. s21. 90;
No !, $780, clover mixed 1890: prairie
t13. 90; johnson grass. So. 5O014,6 60
Oats-Mixed, SEC; white. &c.
Cotton Seed Meal-Per ton, SIS. 90.
Bran-Mixed, 500 pure wheat s22
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1902-06-13
Mira WInsIow,s soothIno svr,,n

the best remedy for DIARRHOEA. Sold
by druggists in every part Of the world.
Be sure and ask for Mrs. Winslows
Soothing Syrup" and take no other kind.
Has been used for over FIFTY YEARS
by MILLIONS Of MOTHERS for their
CHILDREN WHILE TEErHING, with
PERFECT SUCCESS. 1t SOOAHS the
CHILD, SOFTEES the GUMS, ALLAYG
all PAIN. CURES WIND collie. and is
Twenty-Five cents a bottle.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1902-06-13
BL0UNT SPRINGS, ALA
THE NORTH CAROLINA HOT
SPRINGS.
Mountain Park Hotel,
Hot SPRINGS, NJ, C.

New ownership; new management:
house entirely made over; thoroughly
modern and in every way desirable; new
ana modern bath house; new casino for
rainy-day amusements. Do you suffer
from rheumatism govt sciatica, nervous
ness, sleeplessness and indigestion? For
these and such troubles our hot mineral
waters and baths are unsurpassed in the
world. In the Great Smoky Mountains
grand scenery; delightful climate; 100
acres OF beautiful park; magnificent golf
links; horseback riding. mountain climb
ing, bowling. tennis, croqueting and
ping pongtng. No more delightful sum-
mer resort in the world. Illustrated book
let Write US.
6-23-2m HOWELL COBB, Prop.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1902-06-13
Murphy q Co.. Cotton Letter.

New York June 12-Early cotton prices
showed a rise of to points, the latter
on June. The temper of the trade was
inclined to be rather bullish and such
feeling will undoubtedly prevail until the
weather news is OF character to remove
all doubt as to the safety of the crop.
Weather news early in the day indicated
dry conditions over the entire belt. There
was little at hand from any section and
there was naturally a suspicion that many
intermediate points from which weather
reports are ran ely received would sooner
or later report more or less moisture but
in the absence of actual rain reports 1t
was felt that the time for selling cotton
was over, possibly to be renewed with as
much confidence as ever later on, but
certainly not until the rain question had
been clearly settled.
There was no rain in sight for Texas
except for scattered thunder showers on
the western portion of the state, but this
failed to infuse actively. Receipts at
ports were $500, against 5345 last year.
The movement. however, fails to excite
the slightest attention. Atlantic states
reports were not up to recent conditions
and while the weather favored the bull
side generally, the mere possibility of
rain being announced at any moment pr,
vents urgent buying. Cables were a
shade easier.