davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1902-08-23
A clustering COMMENTARY,
Th. u.u.l Treatment Accorded De-
mestio Animals Tends to Snort"
. en- Their Lives.

The treatment that domestic AMI
mails receive on farms and elsewhere
is Q blistering commentary not only
on the beastly temper, but the COM
mon sense of man. We know case
where a mother died leaving an In
FAINT only a few days old. This was
in Texas when mich cows were
scarce, and one that would give milk
in winter was almost unknown. A
heifer was found, however, with
young ca!.., and was utilized to save
the life of ne ,aby Ike young COW
was after Yards given to the baby,
and The baby and TIE COW grew up
together, and tl:e COW died ate: il
life OF g:a:,t usefulness at the age nf
% years, and WAS <lcccntly buried I'm
the presence Of almost the entire
neighborhood. When the baby grew
to be a girl, she made pet % the
COW, and called her 'stepmanmy,
and would not permit any me to
abuse her, or even to speak ill Of the
cow, who died full of years ard hon
ors, after life IF ease, plenty and
usefulness. There can be No. question
that the kind treatment added ten
fold to the usefulness Of this COW.
Kind treatment will similarly length
en- the life md increase The useful
ness of any animal. The useful life
of the average work horse is about
ten years, yet some are as good as
they ever were at the age of fifteen
or twenty years. If lind treatment
adds to the value Of an animal, ana
blows, kicks, lashings and privation
decrease the value, how short sighted
must the man BE- who willfully, and
to crafty an instinct of cruelty, mis-
treats his CIV or his horse, or lis
dog. The cruel man may enjoy tie
misery he inflicts, but he pays dearly
for the pleasure, for every blow,every
act of cruelty, has a price which is
charged against the perpetrator, and
ne can by no means avoid the pay"
and Ranch.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1902-08-23

the locks are to be double, the working
length being for both 1892 feet. The route
of the canal is the same as originally
adopted.
For considerable of it's length, the loca-
ton Of the canal is in the valley of the
Chagres river, which, though not of much
moment in the dry season, is very formida-
bic after heavy rainfalls. The unbridled
Chagres had much to do with the failure
of the old company, and is problem the
new considered with greatest attention.
To regulate the flow of the Chagres, two
large dams are to be erected. One dam,
located at Bohio, the last group of locks
on the Atlantic side, is to transform the
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1902-08-23
Ferdinand de Lesseps, the "Great |
FFenChman."

- AID, indeed, were the closing
F>N years of the life of NJ Ferdi-
S& nand de Lesseps, his old age
%1M not, given over to peace and
~ the wearing of well-earned hon
ors; but in reality period
when failure and disgrace en-
comprised him. This man, known far
and wide as the "Great Frenchman," in his
elghty-eighth year was arrested as a Grim
NAL and summoned to appear at the bar of
the court of appeals. This the crime laid
at his door-having, "by employing fraud
ulent maneuvers to induce belief in the
existence Of a chimerical event and an
imaginary credit, dissipated sums derived
from issues of loans which had been OBJ
tanned for specified use and employment,
and of having swindled the whole or part
OF the fortunes of Others"
1t was a veritable Hurricane of fury"
that swept across the path of NJ de Les
seps, bowed with the weight of almost
four-score-and-ten years, unable to cope
with detractors. A sad finale, indeed, for
one whose past had been full of honors.
What comfort then to think on that past
his splendid monument, the Suez canal;
his Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor,
his seat in the Academy-all the tributes
his genius had deserved?
And yet, and yet, perhaps the judgment
and wrath, too, were deserved. A diplo-
matte genius is not necessarily fnancier,
and should not too readily undertake the
manipulation of vast sums of other peo-
pies moneys. Borrowing money on a 40
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1902-08-23

Several years ago the ranch men
of Texas and the adjoining states be-
gan to improve their herds, and now
in the production Of frst-class beef
cattle the southwestern states rank
with Iowa, Illinois and other breed
ing states further north.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1902-08-23
THE PANAMA RAILWAY.
1t Has Been In Operation Tor Nearly
Half q Century.

HE Panama railroad was char,
tered by the legislature of New
York in 1854, and the road was
opened from the Atlantic to
the Pacific six years later. The
concessions from fba Tnitod
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1902-08-23
Use Only Good sires.

Never was there greater demand
for good sires and the encouragement
for the improvement of herds greater
than at present. The sales of pure
bred cattle during the last three or
four months proves this. The only
way that we can produce a better
grade of live stock-a grade that will
top the markets. by improvement
of the native herds by the infusion
of pure blood. The ideal constantly
recedes. When the breeder of to-day
approaches the standard set year
ago he will find that it has advanced
few points further. This means
that he will never reach perfection.
The apparently perfect animal will
be found to be lacking in some small
detail, and future generations will de-
velop a type of animal far superior
to the best produced by our most
successful breeders of the present.
The recent high prices paid for pure
bred bulls are likely to discourage
some farmers from buying bull.
This should not be. Nothing should
deter him from buying a good bull.
It is not necessary to pay thousand
dollars for good bull. The price
does not cut such a figure. The
progeny of a good pure-bred bull
costing 5000 will readily sell from So
ling stockers than the offspring of
a scrub or grade bull at the same age,
and the better bred stuff will bring
from SIS to $40 head more as I'm
ished beeves.
The small farmer who can not az
ford to purchase pure-bred sire
may easily breed his cows to the bull
owned by some one Of his neighbors.
Nowadays in nearly every farming
district may be found ono or more
first-class bulls that may he secured
at fee ranging from 81 up to $40.
There is no excuse for not having
highly bred calves.-Kansas Farmer.
Must Improve Their Stock.
American hog raisers must still
further improve their stock in the
that command the highest
prices. The hog must be developed in
ClC AuASS anu Ill 4Cdu 1ACdO
out the carcass. Waste parts must
be decreased, so that they will dress
out better. That hogs have beer inn
proved as much as any other sort #
stock is a palpable fact, and he who
sets any limit to possible improve
ment is not progressive. The lean
pork question has not attracted much
in this country, SIMPLY be-
cause packers have had more regard
for pounds that quality. Bu, we are
growing pork for Europe as well as
America, and our product does no.
bring the oest prices and DIES net
the best customers il, the
old world. Scandinavia puts before
the English consumer the finest ba-
con in the world, but her hogs do not
weigh as much as ours, nor carry to
the shambles as much grease, which
is the least valuable part. The pack
ers should act in this matter, for
when they will pay more for lean
meat than for soap-grease, the hog
men will furnish the bacon hogs
Farm and Ranch.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1902-08-23
THE PRESENT STATUS OF
THE PANAMA CANAL ~ "
What Has Been Done by the Two French Companies and What
Yet to Be Done to Complete It.

HE receiver of the old Panama
Canal company obtained from
the Colombian government two
successive extensions of the
original concession for a canal,
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1902-08-23

Total Observation-Disclosures. .$102, 400, 900
If both locks be built with a width
of s.. OPS feet, the cost would be
increased to ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 13o, 900, 0Os
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1902-08-23

were filled up. A summary given b. Mr..
Lambert, in the Forum, is suggestive:
After five years of work shallow inlets on
either shore, a great scratch in the rock
from Colon to Panama, and the white posts
OF the surveyors represent all the progress
made. ." Whistling gangs of ne
groes f1ourished spades and picks lazily only
when the overseer was near. Section bosses
loltered about, surly and perspiring, under
their umbrellas. Chiefs lounged on the
verandas of model bungalows, fitted with
every sanitary convenience and pitched on
the unhealthiest spots in the neighbor-
hood, absorbing absinthe and specializing
between the relative undesirability of bill
ious fever, remittent fever, Chagres fever,
yellow fever and fever and ague. Contract
ors quarreled and kept the company's
hands at standstill. At the main Offices
red tape and official bumbledom hampered
the dispatch of business"
In 1886 Hon. John Bigelow, ex-United
States minister to France, who had &C.
companied NJ. de Lesseps on tour of in
spectlon in Panama, reported that the
greater portion of the reputed receipts Of
Sl2O,0O0,0OO had been expended ION the
work of preparation and installation" and
not in actual digging. But NJ. de Lesseps
went home with optimistic stories quite
the reverse of those told in America by
Mr.. Bigelow.
Nevertheless the company was obliged
to secure loan after loan, with the condi-
tons for the obtaining of the loans be-
coming more and more oppressive. In 1883
the government granted permission for the
issuing of the notorious lottery bonds of
720,00OOO0 francs, but there was not OBJ
servable in reference to these bonds the
confidence of earlier days. Investigations
were instituted and it was found criminal
Misrepresentation had been made of the
affairs of the company, and that willful
deception had been employed in regard to
the estimate of cost. Up to 1890 the canal
had cost 1,25O,OOO,O0O francs, and at least
750,0OO,OOO more francs were needed to
finish it; and then it would not be the
original tide-water canal, but less costly
waterway of locks and sluices. 1t was
shown that de Lesseps had given as esti-
mate 843,OO0,O0O francs, when he was aware
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-04-05
EDUCATIONAL PROGRESS.

The pledge that earnest and jealous
efforts would be made to give an educa-
ton to every child in North Carolina,
made by the advocates of the corstitu-
tional suffrage amendment, is being re-
deemed. Under the leadership of Cover
nor Aycock and State Superintendent of
Schools Joyner, an educational revival is
in progress that is resulting in marked
Improvement in the public schools.
Much space is given today to the re-
port of the Educational Conference in
session at Greensboro. 1t is attended by
a large number of the most practical
and progressive educators in the State
those who come in the closest relation to
the country schools. The betterment of
the rural schools and the improvement
OF the country school houses constitute
the chief labor before the educational
forces of the State. 1t is these two mat
tiers that are receiving most considera-
tion by the conference now in session at
Greensboro
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-04-05

der of the said alleged second mortgage
bondholders (of all of which facts the
complainant State had notice. and the
said Schafer and brother and partner be-
ing unable to sue the State as they stated
in their said petition, the said Schafer.
as this defendant is informed and be-
lieves. and SO alleges, thereafter con-
cocted this scheme of colorado and col
Iusive assignment of a small part of said
bonds for the purpose of fraudulently
obtaining the jurisdiction of this honor
able court, not only for the purpose of
enforcing the ten bonds declared upon
herein, but also and chiefly for the pur-
pose of drawing into said jurisdiction
all of the outstanding bonds and col
lecting the amount due upon those held
by him, and his said brother and part
.ner. And this defendant is informed and
believes. and so alleges, that the said
Schafer and other individual bondhOlders,
have employed counsel for the prosecu-
ton of this suit, which is brought for the
purpose of carrying out such scheme i'll
pursuance Of such unlawful combination
on the part if the said Schafer and broth
err and partner and the complainant State
through : it's Governor or other agents.
while this suit as in form suit by COM
plainant State. it is really and truly
brought on behalf of individuals, and is in
substance a suit by the said Schafer
and other individual bOndhOlders against
the State of North Carolina, contrary to
the provisions Of the Eleventh Amend
ment to the Constitution of the United
State.
This defendant, further answering,
saith that she has never, in the whole
period of her history, had any compact
or agreement whatsoever, other than
that contained in the Constitution of the
United States. with the complainant the
State of South DakOa, nor has the said
complainant State ever informed the de-
PENDANT. the State Of North Carolina.
that it had any claim against her, nor
made any demand OF her in respect to
the same, nor any effort to settle or
accommodate the same--the first infor-
nation the defendant having had of the
claim of the complainant in connection
with the bonds herein declared upon,
being the filing of the bill of complaint
herein This defendant therefore denies
that there was and is a controversy with
in the meaning of the Constitution Of the
United States between the complainant
State OF South Dakota and the defendant
State of North Carolina.
Wherefore, this defendant, having full
" answered, confessed, traversed and
avoided or denied all the matters in the
said bill of complaint material to be
answered. according to her best knowl-
edge ard belief humbly prays this Hon
orable Court to enter it's judgment that
this defendant be hence dismissed, with
her reasonable costs and charges in this
behalf most w~OngfulIy sustained"
ROBERT D. GILMER,
Attorrey-General of North Carolina.
JAMES e. SHEPHERD,
GEORGE ROUNTREE.
JAMES H. MERRIMON.
OF Counsel for Defendant.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-04-05
ANSWER IN THE SOUTH DAKOTA
SUIT.

We surrender the editorial space today
to publishing in full the answer made by
the attorneys fer the State of North
Carolina brought by Southern Railway
folks, using the State of South Dakota
as a dummy, against the State of North
Carolina. Certain interests have long
been trying to get control Of the North
Carolina Railway Failing by other
means, they have resorted to the suit to
make the State sell the stock to pay the
repudiated bonds of the Western North
ziSS5lsaaalLiiEass. -1'-
The answer makes plain that there is
no cause of contest between the State
of North Carolina and South Dakota, and
that the attempt to use that State to
bring suit in the interest of private
litigants would be fraud on the jurisdic-
ton.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-04-05
"AGIN THE FLESH"

At Davie court Judge Shaw asked the
grand jury. in telling them to investigate
the condition of the county home, mot
to take dinner with the keeper or super
intendent" upon the occasion of their
visit adding that he had known super
intendents of county homes to find out
the exact day the grand jury were to
visit the home and have a great dinner
spread for them and after partaking they
would never fail to render very ia
vorable report
Judge Shaw is right It is a sore
trial to ask dinner-loving men to re-
port anything against superintendent
who has given them good dinner. It is
''agln' the flesh.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-04-05
Rare Bargains in Silk.
~ ~ %*%%$%%%

19-inch All-Silk Taffeta, in wide
range of the wanted colorings, including
White, Cream and Black. .............39c
2O-inch Figured and Fancy Striped Tai
fetas, in a rich variety of desirable col
Orings and designs, the kinds that sold
at Soc and 81, for....... ..55c
19-inch Corded Striped and Plain Col
ored Wash Silk, in the latest spring
tints..... .......... ..........w..4 8c
19-inch Corded Wash Silk, in solid
Black only. Observation-Disclosures. soc
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-04-05
For Asthma use CHENEYS
F XPECTORANT, Bq 1.ot ~
ADMINISTRATIVE NOTICE.

Having qualified as Administrative of
the estate of William F. Brookshire, de-
ceased, late Of Wake county, n. c., this
is to notify all persons having claims
against said estate to present them to
the undersigned on or before the 22nd
day of February, 1903, or this notice will
be plead in bar of their recovery, and all
persons indebted to said estate will
please make immediate payment to me.
ELIZABETH P. BROOKSHIRE.
Administering
February 22nd, 1902.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-04-05

the private arrangement above stated
defeated the purposes of the State in
these respects.
'The defendant, further answering,
denies any and all parts of paragraphs
one and two of the said bill of complaint
not herein admitted.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-04-05

due and unpaid about $8,000,000 interest
and it was claimed that she was further
indebted in the sum of $12.000,000, evil
denced by bonds called Special Tax
Bonds, on which there was due about
S., 900, 00O interest, which Indebtedness
was not recognized by the State as valid
obligations. That, owing to her impov-
erished condition as a result of the Civil
War, the taxable value of the entire
property of the State both real and per-
sonal, tangible and intangible, was only
about SAC, 200, 900. That being utterly un
able to pay the current expenses of the
State government. to make proper pro-
visions for the public charities and pub
lie schools, to pay the interest on the
said Indebtedness, and being practically
in a state of bankruptcy, she endeavored
to so adjust this debt as to put it into
manageable shape, and this, not only
for her own benefit, but for the benefit Of
her various creditors. Accordingly, it
made offers of an adjustment of it's
Indebtedness, which was generally ac-
cepted, and except a small fraction, its
entire Indebtedness, except the Special
Tax Bonds, above mentioned, was ad-
justed, in which adjustment was incIud-
ed the first mortgage bonds mentioned
in the bill of complaint herein.
THAT at the time of the said ad-
justment, the income of the State from
the said stock of the said North Caro-
lima Railroad Company was barely suffi-
Client to pay the current interest on the
said first mortgage bonds, while there
was due and unpaid interest to a large
amount to-wit, about $750,000 and the
property would not have brought an
amount sufficient to have paid the said
first mortgage bond indebtedness. Under
these circumstances, not only was there
no surplus with which to pay the in
terest on the said second mortgage bonds.
but the security itself, even if valid,
WIS worthless, the stock, as above
stated not being of sufficient value to
have paid the first mortgage bonds, to-
gether with the past due interest there
on, the SAID stock then being in the
hands of a receiver appointed by the
Federal court. That under these condi-
tions the defendant denies that her offer
OF settlement as aforesaid by the ex-
change of new bonds and to pay the in
terest thereon out of the revenue derived
from general taxation (Which it has
faithfully done as to the bonds so issued
in exchange), was unfair or unreasonable
And this defendant. further answer
ing the said paragraph of the complaint
denies that it has ever refused to paw
the complainant the bonds declared on
IN its bill of complaint herein the
said complainant never having de-
mandcd payment of the same. nor hav-
ing even informed the defendant of it's
alleged acquisition of the same. except
by the filing of this bill of complaint.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-04-05
APPRECIATED COMMENTATOR
DESERVES Alb THE CREDIT.

Chapel Hill News.
We never saw larger number of
complimentary notices given to a news
paper than has been bestowed upon the
Raleigh News and Observer on account
of the Charleston Exposition issue of
March 10th. 1t was a good write up and
the management of the paper deserves
all the credit that has been given it by
its contemporaries and of the people gen.
orally. Long may they continue to issue
these extra editions. as they not only
help the Old North State, but telling
effects come from other States as we'll
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-04-05
Dress Innings.

We offer for this week some specials in
this department.:
36-inch Percaline, in Black and all the
new spring shadings. Zoe
Premier Silk, SO inches wide, in Black
and all colcrs. This fabric is beautifully
brocaded and very desirable for separate
Skirts. ....... ...........16 2-3c
CooIie Silk, Sc inches wide, in Fast
Black, Cream, White, and all desirable
coIors-a very desirable lining for thin
fabrics. 49,. ..35c
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-04-05

The market reports today show that
these who have cotton are holding it
firm. that there is a small stock OF old
cotton, that the small sale of fertilizers
presages a reduced acreage, and that the
backward season also indicates that the
crop plant this year viii not be SO large.
All these things rsing true, what is to
prevent spot cotton going TO ten cents?
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-04-05
MORNING TONIC.
(Beecher.)

A man without self restraint is like a
barrel without hoops and tumbles to
pieces.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-04-05

Asheville is lucky place to live in. A
very poor German residing there has
fallen heir to one-fifth of an estate worth
half a million dollars
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-04-05
CoIored Dress Goods.

No doubt when you see this in print
you will think it is mistake, but such is
not the case:
42-inch Silk and Wool Wolfe Examines
in six shadings, unique in point of beauty,
texture and finish-one of the special ia
voritcs of Dame Fashion. The original
price should be 81; special price. lib
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-04-05

There were already two Clarks-Clark,
of Wyoming, and Clark, of Montana,-in
the Senate before Arkansas elected
James Clark to the Senate. That's three.
The statesville Landmark thinks there's
something in the name that makes them
winners in politics
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-04-05
Easter Ribbons.

We believe these to be- the greatest Of
fering of the season in the Soft Finish
Taffeta Ribbons:@ 24 inches, 10c, 81
inches 1214c, 324 inches 15c, AZ inches
lee.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-04-05

"The defendant answering the twelfth
(12) paragraph of the bill of complaint,
saith that she has no knowledge or in
formation, save by said bill of complaint,
as to the ownership by Simon Rothchlds
OF any OF the said first mortgage bonds,
or that his interest is identical with that
of all other holders of the said first
mortgage bonds and the defendant there
fore denies the same. The defendant also
denies the correctness Of the remainder
of said paragraph, although she is ad-
vised that she is not required to answer
thereto, the same being merely aIlega-
tions Of law.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1902-04-05

The defendant, answering the tenth
paragraph of the bill of complaint, saith:
That but for the said just and equitable
settlement made with the said bondhoId-
ers, there would be no surplus left af-
ter paying the interest on said indebted
ness; and that such surplus should, in
good morals and equity, be held by the
State to be applied to the payment of
the principal and interest of those bonds
whose holders by their action made the
existence of such a surplus a POSSIBLE
ity