Wallowa chieftain. [volume] (Joseph, Union County, Or.) 1884-1909, 1902-01-02

1t is stated that during his expedition
to Java, begun last year, Prof. Haeckel
has found striking evidens, in support
of the theory. advanced for the first
time only a few months ago by Vir-
chow, that monkeys are descended from
man, and not man from monkeys. That,
in fact monkeys are nothing less than
degenerated humans.
Ernst Haeckel, now professor of
zoology at Jena University, was the
first distinguished scientist to fully ac-
cept Darwin's theory when the Origin
of Species" was published. The scien-
titic world was trembling on the brink
of the revolution he caused later by
the publication of The Descent of
Man." when Haeckel anticipated Oar
win In his most far-reaching conclu-
sions, and in a measure prepared the
world for the startling doctrines hinted
at in the Origin of Species and fully
promulgated in THE Descent of Man"
Since then Haeckel has been the most
advanced among the evolutionists. He
has long asserted that the history of
man is complete in all its essential de-
tails, and that all that now remains TO
be done is to fill in here and there such
concrete evidence as geological and
archaeological research shall reveal.
In his Systematic Phylogeny," n
monumental work in three volumes. he
made a theoretic systematic arrange.
ment of the vegetable and animal
worlds living and extinct on the basis
of the law of evolution. The work has
been called a vast pedigree tree, with
man at the top and the lowest non.
nucleated cell at the bottom. In ;his
pedigree there were no empty or nm
accounted spaces. Haeckel construct
ed hypothetical animals and organisms
and to him, in theory, there was no
missing link.
twenty-five years before the discov
cry Of Dubois pithecanthropus HaeckeI
had foreseen in his phylogeny such
creature, and he had christened il "nitb.
ecanthropus allalus," or the apelixe
man before language. He gave to it
place midway in the order of life be-
tween the highest ape and the lowest
human.
In 1879 DR.. Eugene Dubois. a Dutch
army physician, travelling in Java nm.
earthed the fossil remains of a hitharto
undiscovered creature There were only
thigh bone, two molar teeth. and a
Uranium. Scientists hailed the creot,,o
reconstructed theoretically from tboso
few fossilized bones as the veritohIo
missing link. The size of the cranirn,
showed that the creature had cranioI
capacity for exactly LOCO C. NJ Q os
against the cranial capacity of the biah
est known gorilla of IS c. NJ. 3, and tbo
cranial capacity of the lowest form of
human, the Veddah woman of Cevlo-,
or the bushman of Australia, with 19onl
C. Nj. 3. The thigh bone and teeth W,
those of fully developed human Of
medium height.
Dubois called his discovery the nitbo.
canthropus erectus, or the apelike mo-
Scientists differed as to the origin 80
the pithecanthropus, and the late Pr
Cope, of the University of penncvl
vania, was of the opinion that if woc
species of the homo neanderthalansis
and about 1900 years old.
To Haeckel the discovery was of i'm
mense Importance. In September last
year, he organized a small expedition
and set out for Java in the hope Of nal
Ing fresh discoveries corroborativo 90
his systematic phylogeny. He, with al
other scientists who had investigated
DUBOIS discovery, regarded the pitba-
canehropus as having indisputable Wis
ual evidence Of one of the most import
ant steps in the evolution of man
III Prof. Haeckel has made anv suo,
discovery" said DIR. Edgar Grant ConI,
lin, professor Of zoology at the IJniva,