The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1902-02-15

sene. free use of insect powder on
the birds, plenty of sunlight in the
house, and an occasional Sprinkling of
sulphur on the floor of the house. are
recommended. The nests in which the
hens lay their eggs must be cleaned
frequently, and if straw is used in the
nest. it should be burned and fresh
straw put in its place at least every
month. Should a bird be found to be
suffering from lice to any great extent
1t should be thoroughly rubbed with
lard which contains a trace of carboIic
acid. Tar soap and sheep dip will kill
the lice on the bird, and will also act as
a preventive.
BREEDS FOR THE TROPICS.
The common fowl of today is the re-
suit of years of cross breeding with
good and poor stock. Since so many
breeds have been introduced into Ha-
wall, it is difficult to state which is
the best for this climate. Observations
have shown, however, that the lighter
breeds, such as the Leghorn type, seem
TO be freer from disease than the heav-
Ter varieties. The Mediterranean types
are better adapted to tropical condi-
tons than the Cochins. The fact that
the native bird is of the first-named
type is evidence that the lighter birds
Will stand the heat and be less subject
to changes of climate. OF the heavier
birds the Plymouth Rock would be best
suited to this climate. In the island
. of Guam chickens seem to thrive, and
although all breeds are perhaps rep
resented, particularly the Spanish, yet
it is stated that there are very plain
streaks of Plymouth Rock in the mixed
breeds.
Hi the introduction of new stock it
must be borne in mind whence they
came and under what conditions they
were raised. Fowls as well as animals
may be bred for some particular fea-
ture, and VIII thrive in their own pc
cullar environment; but take them toll
another climate, or place them under |
entirely new food conditions, and it !
may be that their high breeding rem
ders them unable to resist the sudden |
change. Even though they survive and |
rear focks, the newly Matched chicks
may change in characteristics, which |
may prove detrimental to the succeed
ing generations.
A possible method of securing good
chickens would be to take the native
Dlrd as a base and establish a breed
from it, selecting the characteristics
most needed for this climate.
FOOD.
The problem to be met in feeding
poultry in warm climates is to avoid
heating materials for foods. Oatmeal
and wheat are fed with good results,
although the high prices paid for these
materials must be considered. Green
food of some sort is necessary to keep
The bowels in working order and an
occasional feed of meat is not injurious
Ground bone and some form of lime.
such as broken shells or coral. should
De kept within their reach. Stock men
Ire interesting themselves in drying
md grinding the algaroba bean or pod,
rms makes good, sweet meal, and
S quite nourishing. Examination shows
nat the pod is made up of three parts
the outer skin and pulp, the dry seed
covering, and the seed. If the pods are
ed whole, the birds will merely pick
little of the skin and pulp, leaving
ne seed, which amounts to $50 pounds
o the ton of very nourishing material
While, If ground, the whole bean is
aten.
Now that melons and squashes are
rown in Hawaii with so much difficult
Y, because of the ravages of the melon
y, the papaya can take their place.
he papaya is in itself a promoter of
igeston. In early days the natives
ed poi to the chickens, but that arti-
lie or FOOD has become so scarce that !
ne chickens will have to accept a sub
Itute. Sweet potato tops made good
reens for fowls, and, with the abund-
nee of green grass, even yard-grown
alckens can have green food diet
SHELTER.
The requisites for shelter of chickens ,
aces, and house which can be
lrown open to the sun in the day. Pro-
ction from the wind is necessary An I
zpensive house is not required, but
lch places as are adjacent to many
the Chinese huts are beyond all -
ason. In some of these places the
lickens have their nests under the
vners bunk. and in corners so dark
Id filthy that disease germs of all
nds must certainly Turk there. The
,oper location of poultry yards is a II
after for consideration. In early u
mes the farmers in Hawaii learned
at birds raised in one section of the
lands We're subject to sickness if Aa
ansported to another. Even the ele- by
ltion of a few hundred feet had a
'ticeable effect. This is quite true 2,
ID therefore farmers introducing u
wis from other sections of the ISL
IDS must use as much precaution as 8
ough they were shipped from foreign
nds.
The season for raising broods has =,
en- the subject of long experiment. -
lille hens may be willing to set at Gu
y time of the year, early spring is sW
e best time for Matching. In this Di
sc the birds will be. by summer. -,
'ong enough to resist the diseases 20
ought on by the summer heat. me
SOME COMMON REMEDIES. spl
Tor ordinary or mild caees IF ,7iar tht
ca and cholera: Sweet tincture of
lbarb. 2 ounces; paregoric, 4 ounces;
aroonate of soda, Il ounce; essence
peppermint, dram; water, 2 ounces.
X Well Dose: One tablespoonful of
mixture in 1 quart of water, giving ior
other water.-Felch ter
'or severe cases of diarrhoea and Gu
'lera Laudanum, 1 ounce tincture ca1
Or, 1 ounce: chIoroforrn Z 5ray1,e al dar
lol, D drains. Mix well. Dose: One
spoonful in l pint of water in the 4 A
mixing dish. Care must be used in SE'
ing this remedy, and the quantity
water increased if necessary .,
Iibbs. ssg
fter having used castor oil, sweet
or any other laxative, give either
the following in little water three
es a day: Bicarbonate of soda, u
grain; subnitrate of bismuth, 2
ms. or powdered opium, Is grain,