New-York tribune., 1902-12-31


degree the f1neness Of texture strength OF tissue
ana srnoothness of surface so desiTa bic Ior
cigar wrappings could be grown success li,l ulls
in Connecticut, and the census returns since
1910 show an uninterrupted increase IN lis Cultl-
walton in that State, except at the census OF
1890. This single interruption is explained pS
the influence of legislative enactments affecting
the tariff imported leaf suits Bile for cigar
wrappers. The profits of the industry IN Con- Con-
in Eastern Pennsylvania. Central New orh
and later in the Miami Valley OF ONO ana III
Southern Wisconsin. In 1900 the comolheo pro-
duction of Connecticut, PennsyiNahla' . - ~ ~
York. Ohio and Wisconsin was IS3,of9'o4V
pounds.
Especially in the States of the North every
town of any considerabl bic size has It's Hcai
cigar factory, supplying in part the local le-
mand and extending its trade to nelshDoTllIS
villages and towns in proportion to the aggres-
siveness of the manufacturer and MS anlIly
to succeed against competition me 1naterldi i
used in these local factories consists OF slnali
lots of leaf tobacco varying in character quallty
and cost according to the quality OF the cigars
to be made and according as the naleFlai
is intended for filters binders wrappers Such
material is usually purchased from importers;
wholesalers or rehandlers and in such HHlteu
quantities to be quickly worked up ana ie,
allied on in the local marts. The live capital
involved is therefore, not necessarily large even
in proportion to the magnitude of the business:
The selection. preparation and apportlonnlehl Oh
the filler. the cutting Of the h1nders ana wrap
pers and the binding and wrapping are all zone
by hand. After binding, the unfinished cigars
are usually placed in forms or mouids ana lett
for some hours in hand presses until the de-
sired shape has become fixed, when they are
ready for wrapping. When wrapped the cigars
are assorted into lots having the same shade
and boxed for sale. The work is usually zone
in rented rooms and no capital as denneq
by the Census Office, is involved IN land ana
buildings. 4 set Of noulds and a hand press
constitute the principal equipment In contra
distinction to this class of establishments Is
the large factory. representative of the purely
commercial aspect of the industry, housed in
large building whose architecture is typical OF
the modern factory located usually IN a large
chinery employing thousands of wage earners
and manufacturing millions of cigars and cigar
cites annually.
The first cigars consumed in the United States
were imported but the exact date of the first
importation is not known. because 1t was in
cluded in miscellaneous merchandise The sep
arate tabulatien Of imported cigars was begun
in 1904 in which year 4,001 900 were received,
principally from the West Indies The hrSt
cigar manufactures in the United States were
established in Connecticut in 1910, but 1t is
believed that the household manufacture OF
cigars had been carried on in the connecticut
Valley for several years prior TO that date.
After the first factories were established at East
Windsor and Suf1eld, Conn, the industry sfduu-
ally spread through the State and into the
other States of the New England group BY
1856 six hundred persons were employed in
making cigars at various points from spring
field, Mass. to Middletown. Conn. In !ooo the
Connecticut Valley had forty-f1Ve factories, WIN
canitaI approXimating 100000: I3l wage earn
ers S274911 for wages, 1881, 600 for cost OF ma
teriaI and S1o00ooo for value of products: IN
products approximated S1.130,GO0 in value
Kentucky followed Connecticut IN the es!ap- p-
lishment of cigar factories AS carry as ioa9 ~
a factory is said TO have been estaphShed di
Maysville. The industry gradually dlIluseu
through the State and into Ohio and tennessee
In 1925 comparatively small factories VI, W.
found more or less widely scattered through
New York and Pennsylvania, and by Iofo Idc-
tories in consdera ble number were IN opeI tl
in Ney-York Pennsylvania. Maryland and Var,
ginia. The first cigars made in the United
States were almost exclusively the producI oI
domestic leaf but the importation or CUBAN 10
bacco began early in the history or the Iio. laus
- Ind bv 1S47 had assumed such proportions
as TO be tabulated in the customs returns me
earfv manufacturers in the Cnlteu Stdteo H
To contend against the importation or cheap cl-
80 ~ fror1 Germany. where their manufacture
and consumption date from li9o' Ihe al ~.
acts of 1861 1862 and 1861 prevented 'he IN IN
narration of the German product, anu III co -
r,,1anca the industry in the United StateS le
ceived such an impetus that 1t has cIn'tIIuep ON n
in practically uninterrupted grown 10 'He pie0
ent time. ,,,- 1a1,i,,e q tax
on cigars and other forms or manu- a',IU 80 e -
bacco was passed to meet IN part est ent III
cies Of the Civil War, and took elLeeH oio ioors
1870 R1 this act the revenue tax on clgais g
varied from 81 30 to So % thousand 49, IF
to value. The organization oI tne If 4aves
1n+arDaI Revenue for the COLLECTION OF ldHeo
1nder the elaborate system OF excise dates Ie on
-. oct NJ 1862 and statistics OF all 1oliIIs VI -
bacco since that time are more compete ~ ailu
lt,, paIop Van fornnerlv No very large factories
80 in existence prior to 1870. In the decaue
ending with 1880, however eXtraorula. a 30 20,
as+-@9 attended the industry; the nrsl ldi5S
PetL.y PSe,o+orie were then established, ana COIL
,oerciaI cigar manufacture was outlined anu
became fixed - ,o,I, tho cigar and
.1e iearette manufacture have been feNolutoit
Ted nv machinery. AS clgarlidhlls - =, -
diffused in the form of numerous m slli"LI IL, hen6
lisbu1ents in which the Work Is uolLe NS =; +ta
10 ,,+iIiza +ion of modern machinery IN Iile
,nonufact1lre of cigars is not as gehei 9I 60 Ih 80
that of cigarettes which is concentrated IN la
ciri ",
rnond Va Durham, n. c, and Rocnestei, -
V nroduce about "a per cent OF an tIt olsai So
cites manufa ctured IN the Unltea isi;1o SIaltSi &C %
roctiea1Iv all are machinemade- ConSlderliis
a large number of very small cigar e stain
the United States, comparalixeiis +I ~" Iree to
Iisbuoents of this class are Su!lcieitS lai -
make a complete equipment OF modern + mo
cbinerv a paving investment Taking the iaI 60
Factories however, as representative oi tie a.
i;oatioI7 of modern machinery, to the industry
q is a fact that both cigar and clgarette lldiu anu
facturers are utilizing some OF the sledteost ~
tribu+ions of genius TO the lessenlng OF tne
,rorld's work Everything, from the steaHAlS
of the leaf to the payment OF wages 10 tie ei1i
ployes of the factory, Is cone py lIaSnltiSS uS 70
modern cigarette factory the prepares % Io
bscco and the sheets of paper USED Ior Wrap-
nings are fed to machines, which cut the pdpei
INTO proper size for the wrapper, gum lts euse,
1ae neasnre fhe exact quantity of tobacco needed
for each cigarette, wrap it, make the eoges OF
the wrapper adhere, cut the encs aio pash @ 'ia e
eisarettes in boxes. In the manufacture OF
cigars the prepared filler is placed IN the hopper
of a machine, which apportlons the quaiCIy
necessary for each cigar, places IL III me pllIuei
snread to receive it by the operator OF the ma
chine and rolls it. The wrapper is sunsequehI-
Iv added by hand or by machinery
In the last quarter century the manu1act,
ure and consumption of cigarettes in the United
States have grown with marvellous raplolty-
In 1875. approximately, forty millions, and IN
1900 three billion two hundred and sixty mill mill
ions were consumed, an increase OF more thah
eiehtyfold in twenty-five years. Mucn OF tiie
nopuiarity of cigarette smoking has ITS origin
in business and social conditions which evolve
and govern habits of living. For many years
+he-e has been an increasing demand for to-
chr fY1pY