davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1902-04-03
FORENOON.
Visiting State Normal School and City
Schools.
AFTERNOON.

O'Clock P. NJ, Assembly Room, Moorhead High
School.
instrumental Music.
/. MODERN METHODS IN TEACHING.
Prof. +. A. Nelson, State Librarian, St,
Paul.
Discussion by Prof. &. B. Alton, State
High School Inspector, Minneapolis, and
Miss Abbie L. Simmons, Moorhead Nor
NAL.
2. WHAT SHALL The SCHOOL BE?
Supt. A. W. Uhl, Detroit.
Discussion by Prof. Jas. A. Wilson, Thief
River Falls, and Supt. Christine Goetzing-
er of Ottertail County.
3. RELATIONS OF HOME AND School.
Supt Martin Simpson, Wadena.
Discussion by Prof. Arp, Breckenridge.
=. THoRoUGHNEss VS.. GRADE.
Supt. P. j. Butler Ada.
Discussion by Supt. G. w. jackson, Hal.
lock.
.. SOME SOURCES OF WASTE IN EDUCATION.
Supt w. F. F. Selleck Crookston.
Discussion by Prof. C. A. Ballard, Moor
head Normal
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1902-04-03

Looking for Loan? See Flan-t
ders & Wood. They have made ar
rangements whereby they can loan
thousands OF Dollars.
Warren sheaf. [volume] (Warren, Marshall County, Minn.) 1880-current, 1902-04-03
EDUCATIONAL MEETING.
Northwestern minnesota Educational
Association Meets at Moorhead,
Minnesota.

The Northwestern Minnesota Educa-
tional Association holdsits fourteenth
semi-annual meeting at Moorhead,
on April 18th and 5th, 1902. TO
this association belong a large num-
Der Of the most progressive teachers
in this part Of the state. Prof. VIM.
Angus, Of Warren, is the president Of
the association. For this years
meeting an excellent program has
been prepared, and it is as follows:
PROGRAM.
FRIDAY, APRIL a, 1902.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1902-05-03
Hom.-arsw. clover seed Bsst.

@ HOMEGROWN Glover Seod Hest %
Owing to q controversy In Europe
regarding the relative value of Amer
ican and European clover seed, the
Department Of Agriculture has UNDER
taken some comparative experiments.
the initial series Of which was con-
Quoted at Washington. Many samples
of clover seed Of known origin from the
different countries of Europe and from
different parts Of the United States
and Canada were grown under like
conditions. Cuttings Of hay were made
at suitable intervals, the product Of
each plat being carefully. Weighed.
These experiments. which have now
been under way for two years. show
.%conclusively that under the conditions
existing here the European red clover
is decidedly inferior In productiveness
to the American. Apparently the
American strain is better adapted to
the conditions Of bright sunshine, PEE
riodic heat, and dryness that exist
here. For the purposes Of our farm
ers, therefore. q decision Of the ques-
ton whether to use American or Inn
ported seed Is easily reached. During
the past year a series Of supplementary
experiments has been started at typi-
cal, selected areas in different parts
Of the United States, to e whether
these results hold in the principal
cloyer-growing states.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1902-05-03
CERTAINLY DESERVED THE CHECK.

College Provost Catches Philsdslphis
Broker in His Own Trap.
The University Of Pennsylvania haA
not a large endowment. and that 1t
finds the means to pay Its current ex-
penses and put up new buildings is
due In great measure to its provost,
Charles C. Harrison. His little black
subscription book is well known in
many a downtown ofiice-too well
known, a prominent broker told him
not long ago. Mr.. Harrison was plead
ing persistently with him for a sub
scription, but in vain. Finally the
broker said:
"See here, Mr.. Harrison, will give
you something on n condition"
Very well, Mr.. Tt said the
provost, name It,"
"The condition is that you promise
never come into my Office again until
I ask you to do So" I
Certainly, Mr.. t. I agree to
that" said the provost promptly, and
walked out smiling with a check for
$1,000.
A month or so later the broker
heard a knock at his door. Come In"
he called, and in walked Mr.. Harri-
son. He had his black book under his
arm.
Good morning, Mr.. i" he said,
II want you to help me with a little
university matter I am
Look here, MI. Harrison" the brok
er continued, when I gave that last
thousand dollars wasn't it on the ex-
press condition that you wouldn't
come into my office again until I in
vited you?"
why, yes," returned the provost. Il
believe that vas the understanding.
But didn't you say Come in just now
when I knocked?"
They say the check this time was
for five thousand Philadelphia
Times.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1902-05-03
WAS NOT WORKING WITHOUT PAY,
How One BOY Declined to Blow Glass
and Mako q Bottle.

H1Vw Ou0 11Vy
and Make q Bottle.
Thinking to please the visitors who
come to look round his works. a GER
tain glass manufacturer allows them
all to try their skill at bottle-making,
an experiment which the majority of
them are very eager to undertake. It
is only necessary to blow through a
specially prepared pipe, and a bottle
or glass in its smooth state can be
produced by a mere child.
Some hundreds of school board boys
were in the works the other day, and
only one youngster refused to put his
mouth to the blow-pipe. He stood
there with his hands in his pockets,
watching the others with q comical
air of contempt.
Its a rare fine dodge" he remarked
to his bosom companion, as they left
the works together, but the old rascal
didn't take me in by It,"
why didn't you have a go at the
pipe?" queried the other, is astonfsh-
ment. . ~ "
II wasn't such a fool" was the
scornful rejoinder. Don't you see his
little game? You chaps have been
cracking your cheeks and wasting
your breath all the afternoon, and
you've blown as many bottles as a
man can turn out in a week. Talk
about saving labor! Why, he'll make
his fortune in a year If he goes on
like this" G
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1902-05-03
Losing Hutmus and Fertility.

4 LOSING Humus and Fertility.
Growing wheat continuously on land
depletes the nitrogen and humus in it
in addition to what is taken up by
the crops themselves. Just how this
depletion takes place we do not know.
but it does take place to a surprising
degree. This fact largely accounts for
the rapid deterioration Of lands de-
voted exclusively to wheat growing
and to summer fallow. This latter
practice, though hoary in age. is q
greater waster Of nitrogen and Of hui
mus than is even wheat growing. At
st. Anthony's Park, Minnesota a plat
Of ground that was used in the grow
Ing Of wheat continuously for eight
years lost 100 pounds Of nitrogen.
OF this only 300 pounds was taken up
by the wheat crop. -Four times as
much nitrogen was lost by soil and air
as was used by the wheat. That
meant a loss Of 1,400 pounds, which
was more than one-ffth of all the MI
trogen in the soil at the time the wheat
wassfrst grown. What. then would be
the result in five times as many years
forty years? The land would GER
tainly become useless for the growing
OF wheat and would reach . condition
in which the recovery Of Its nitrogen
would be extremely difficult. In adj
dition to the loss Of nitrogen there
was, a yearly loss Of 1000 pounds OF
humus. through chemical action.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1902-05-03
Pat On . good "Blun."

The Rev. Alexander Allison, Jr.,
pastor of the Southwestern Presbyte-
rian church, In a recent sermon on the
subject of Lying" illustrated his text
with numerous stories, and n Of
these showed how, even in church, a
mans false pride sometimes leads
him to prevarication. A young man
took his best girl to church and, when
the time for collection anne round,
rather ostentatiously displayed a S.
gold piece. Presenting upon the en-
gagement to marry that had been
made by her, the young lady placed
a restraining land upon the arm OF
her fance. why. don't be SO extra.
VACANT, George" she exclaimed.
ooh, that's nothing, / always give
SIS when / go to a strange church"
Just then the deacon came with the
plate, and George dropped a coin.
Everything seemed favorable, and the
young man beamed With a sense Of
generosity. Then the minister made
the announcements for the week, and
concluded with the wholly unexpected
announcement Of the days collection.
THE collection to-day" said he
was $3.75." 3s.
George hadn't much to say all the
way to his fancee's home. &.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1902-05-03
wheat and sh. H...l.n Fly.

y e Wheat and the H0aslan Fly.
How to avoid the Hessian fly is one
Of the great problems that confronta
the wheat culturist. From time to
time discoveries are being made that
may make it possible to in the future
greatly lessen the violence Of the at
tacks. It now seems probable that
where wheat is lacking In thriftiness
1t is more injured by Hessian fly at
lacks than where It is vigorous. This
is q principle quite generally accepted
as to fruit tree insects. Prof. Andrew
M. Soule Of Tennessee says: Wheat
on thin and impoverished land suffered
most from attacks OF the Hessian fly.
From the results obtained in sowing
wheat ON different dates, 1t is apparent
chat the date Of seeding wheat deter
mines, to q considerable degree, the
amount Of injury done by the fly, and
1t is further evident that II wheat ID
sown on carefully prepared land Of
good quality where there is an abund-
ant supply OF available food that II
will, stool out and In q measure make
up for tne original shoots destroyed
by the fy.. These shoots, however,
will:not be 30 vigorous. no will they.
iii 50 we'll as those nrst thrown up. 4
laE.A rMA EA .NhLE l Al. NRlH FsL nI -dFAk ~ ELT. -
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1902-05-03
FARM AND GARDEN.
MATTERS or INTEREST 70 AoRl-
CuLTuRlSys.
some Up-to-Dats Hints Abous calta.
walton Of the Soil and Yields
Observation-Disclosures. v,ticultars ana
Horticulture.
Outlook for Fruit.

f%ii OutlOOk TOT Fruit ti
W. H. Wylie. Ohio: The outlook for
fruit is fair, al the trees went through
the winter well.
H. M. Dunlap, Central Illinois: The
outlook for tree fruits is good. This
applies to apples, pears, cherries and
plums. Peach buds are dead.
r. L. Holman, Ohio: The prospect
for fruit is poor and the general1crop
will not be over SO per cent Of an
average. Peaches are entirely gone.
There will be some plums and cherries
and a part crop Of apples.
Prof. H. G. Price, Iowa: From pres
emit indications the prospect for fruit
the coming season is very good. The
apple, plum and cherry blossoms are
in good condition. Peach blossoms
are killed and some Of the more tender
varieties of plum and cherry, but on
the whole, l think the prospects are
very good.
7. e. Goodrich, Southern Illinois:
The outlook is good for all tree fruits
except peaches. The peach crop will
be light. A few buds are ready to
break out into blossoms, but not
enough for a crop. Pears and apples
promise well. Trees are leaving Out.
Warm rains during the past two days
March 26, 27) are bringing out the
grass and Frightening the color Of the
wheat.
Professor John T. Stinson, Missouri:
The prospects for an apple crop in
South Missouri are good. Peaches are
killed over Central Missouri, but as
far south as Koshkonong and also In
the southwestern portion of the state
they promise a good crop. At, m
points, for instance Kashkonong, the
report is that the crop promises to be
FULL.
Professor Albert Dickens, Kansas:
Apples promise very well, except in
some old orchards which bore extra
heavy crops in '01; young orchards
generally in good condition. Cherries
and native plums promise well; Japan
csc plums considerably damaged. April
cots badly damaged. Peaches in
northern part Of the state, buds killed:
conflicting reports from the southern
part, probably seriously injured.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1902-05-03

EFHN ~ .4LaL - ETTF- E8IH
The most remarkable specimen tof
Punic art which has ever come to
light was discovered recently at Car
thage BY P. Delattre, . well-known
archaeologist. which is fashioned OF
white marble and beautifully aorna-
miented with engravings. That III
served at, one timea s the Of
some Carthaginian ruler all obtain
able evidence tends tn show. I.
NJ Heron de Yiilefosse gave 4
graphic account 4of this discovery at
the Last meeting Of the French
Academy 81 Inscriptions and Bellies
Letters and mn,iaintainedFthat It wassbIy1
ffar the MOI notable specimienSoo f a ali-
scient Carthaginiians MT Whiehsh,aaasyee
been found. Sa%a Y
It was while excaYatings q 1.-THE
Panic neecsrroepolis near thlss hill ofss saint
Monies that NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
Sthis royal tomb. lts ttiltuire dks1h
unatfopGsyiasrisoluslisIsr1s are ~
il moat iikiagsiyyssthattW n sEsrrssmo,ssss
sedtossplna FEysn.eshh
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1902-05-03
made into hay. Flowing under cow
peas O poor soil IL considered lsSal-
ways profitable. s
Fruit Invssslg.tion, q Missearri.

Fruit In~vestlgafIOn IN MiSsourI.
The governments summary Of the
work Of the Missouri Fruit Expert
ment station, under the direction OF
Prof. John 7. stinson. says: During
the first years operation Of this sta
ton about forty acres Of land were
brought under cultivation, twenty Of
which were planted in test orchards.
Experiments In crossing Strawberries
have been undertaken, and some
spraying experiments on g commercial
scale for the control Of apple scab and
bitter rot carried out In a neighbor-s
ing orchard. Eighty varieties Of ap-t
pies. 108 peaches, Al grapes and SO
Strawberries were set out. Apple scab
on the varieties Ben Davis and Hunts.
man. was almost entirely prevented by
spraying with Bordeaux mixture. Bit
ter rot was mor difficult to control
with Bordeaux mixture. In one (
pertinent On Ben Davis sprayed five
times, 60 per. cent Of the fruit was
free from bitter lot, while on control
trees only IN per cent was free from
It. In another part Of the orchard %
per cent Of the fruit sprayed four
times was free from the rot, while on
unsprayed trees all but IA per cent
was affected. The variety Huntsman,
which was sprayed three times during
the season gave SO per cent free from
bitter rot and 90 per cent free from
apple scab. while on unsprayed trees
but 4S per cent was free from bitter
rot and 81 per cent free from apple
scab.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1902-05-03
4 OisosBs Hi Eli Pa.sV,a nv

@MsS5 - gBil Passes the sSnate. sSe&%
Last Thnrslldays the oleonl1lallriglsagrins
bill Sppsassssds TIE senate nv sa5Ssvotsei $of 50
aal..@aT n en--centsSStaxsonsthe coloredl
product went through without change,
Sdid algosa the provision Tor taxing
Observation-Disclosures onues-fpnrthS
seentsassposlnd.a The bill Ipiacessnn
the prcvisions Ut the police sewers D
;theS sataatesSs and tsrritortes all ole0mseIrrs
sggaIE1naas butte MISREPRESENTATION
sGasdulteratsdy,sSSOr Imitation butter
shehlseIss 81 anny substaucsgin fhe
sblalncsess a a2SSchessesa butter mot theI
product fEthsa dairyt ana NOT smaade e
sSjp,n,lsss fluradnltefatsdSmi crsam.
S0dmnse5fllli8htsS11end
athds siStsnaatls,al iliiil sSndss iitSback
~ \ o,nterssnn hsl
SSddIotil5lSla dslsSlslnlllltsll 80
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1902-05-03
A Lewis County Youth Becomes the
Hero Of the Hour in Kansas
Cl&,, Ne

A Lewis County Youth Becomes the
City, Mo.
[From the Kansas City J%ournal.l
*. Kentsucky; n the home me Of + modern %ssr ~ chez hsr
PERSON. pe,ss,1ne Of src Thos OF & Rlarsh ano Bs issS n
Of Lewis County.
a wealthy and beautiful young widow of
a cali she wal set upon BY three masked
c cpeants came I'M up Upon p'f her there here is a long IN
distance between the street lamps, n
Is a most favorable locality. for the per
wards was within a block Of her home
and never anticipated any foul play: az
h was used to traversing b part Of
The street wssn in ,t the EARLY miSv syenbln nfwee All tS ct
seized her. One threw. a cloak over her
head, but not before she had uttered q
risen from the earth, the bold kentuck-
ian sprang like a lion among them. Right
and left he landed with his Herculean
Undaunted by their resistance h Ken
tuckian fought them s~ingle-handed. never
sneia,saS BY ~ s iada; hammers. The third
came to a sudden halt with a bullet in
bis EFT p III; %as to e9 tie spot q Al Al three sPss
them is "Cribber' Darnley, q veteran
footpad, who has served several terms.
tackle. Another Of the beautiful trio is
''Cross-eyed" Bronson. wanted badly In
New York and Philadelphia for safe
GERS who have attempted to arrest him.
Thu third is ''Bully'' Adams. who last
year cleared out an entire sheriff's posse
seriousness. Her pocketbook, containing
three hundred dollars. her gold watch
the hands Of the robbers when Col.
BBlaekensam, like %Rssn aiY h hsre .an is an eS Z
S ssss,n sGy aSass' h %an had ans done ast' a ss + ns
His deed Ss Is is the theme Of universal praise.
Col; B BlsateakHe tSs 81, re efasei to- accept Ses6,1 she
him to take, but. later on-who knows?
The old. old story, possibly.
"Well, sub. 1 staid away long enough
to let that story sink into the heart Of
the beautiful Flossie, and prepare for
me a haven Of welcome and favor.
"When I returned I deneaned my
self as becomes q modest hero, unas-.
suming, but with Q quiet dignity that
.bespeaks the Importance Of the man
on whom 1t sits. 4 VI
when I met Flossie at church there
was no ice on her, no sub. She bow
ed to me, smiled, tremblsd q little,
while her eyes emitted sparks that
few upward from . very warm heart.
She took q proffered arm and leaned.
on It with that air Of delicious depend.
ence 50 grateful to the heart Is the
true hero. S2
"After we had been married about
two weeks 1 told her about my rrse.
She gazed at me q long time. ther exs
preston . compound Of mirth,. aston
ishment and mock contempt, 81 II
Finally she made motion asSttf,
throwing something away. e
s. There, nowis she sxclaimsd,,5kni
ting her brow: No more romance
reading for me. AZ . ron, ~.
Blackenham. want you M
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1902-05-03

on my shoulders. l wal Analysing the
misunderstanding Intelligent deduc-
tons from the failures Of others. l
made %noiseless, but exhaustive inquir-
les into the habits and secret tastes of
this anomalous beauty. I finally learn
ed she was an unquenchable reader of
heroic literature. l went to town and
secretly learned from the woman who
kept the book store, the titles of all
those high-spiced novels tnat consti-
tuted her daily mental and emotional
feed, and l bought them. Day and
night l would lie en- my couch and
read novels. Dark, handsome chaps
rushed through the pages, scattering
heroic deeds at every turn and cor
ner.
II now had the key that l was sure
would unlock the door of her indiffer-
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1902-05-03
~shropshir. Premium.

The American Shropshire Registry
association will offer 2 NUMBER
OF special prizes at shows this;
year, divided q follows: IN
st~ernational Live Stock Exposition.
Chicago, 1863; Toronto Industrial
sExpltosltion, SOD; Ontario Winter Fair
AZ Guelph, 500. AZ the Indiana STATE
Fair. the Registry association will nay
one-th,ird Of the prizes offered for
ashropshires. which will lun 312, 81. S.
and 8$6 81 each class. Only recorded
sheep are eligible to these special
prizes. A & @s .sa,sS
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1902-05-03
The summer Fa,low.

Tho summer F0NOW. f
The good old advice, to summer fall
low is no longer passed on from father
to son. The plan originated in the
days Of the Hebrew %patriarchs, and,
we, doubt not has had something to do
with the ~barrenness that is now said to
be the state. Of many OF the hills on
which it was practiced. When sci
ence took up the matter it found that
no fertility was conserved by permit
ting the land to remain idle. It was
even discovered that a crop of weeds
was far superior to a crop of nothing.
Summer fallow-plowing up the land
and leaving it bare for a season
causes losses in several ways. The up
per layer Of soil becomes dust under
the fierce rays Of the sun. In. this
dry dust chemical action sets In Nd,
annihilates every vestige Of orgsadrf3.
matter-the humus. This humus was
the great factor in the retaining Of
moisture and Of nitrogen. A CROP
would have shaded the ground and
prevented chemical action Of the ma
ture mentioned. The loss Of humus
changes the physical properties of the
soil, causes It to be less retentive OF
moisture. lighter in color and heavier
in weight per cubic foot. Rotation OF
crops, including the legumes, is better
than summer fallow.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1902-05-03

Your genius must nave scope. A
for me, to the science Of plain. prac-
teal housekeeping, I hereby dedicate
my days."
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1902-05-03
Broom Cora

From Farmers Review: The proper:
Eltimestto plant broom cornsisssthei astS 81
Mayasands1 june, when the aground is
warm, sossseeds will soon sprout. Any
ground that willgraise good VIII
raise good broomHsscsor1n Our soil is
adapted - sraisie liner Aber than the
SOL In central Illinois Ii should ull 81
drilled from sixt,ysto seventy, stalks sper.
rod and should he we'll cultivated as Z
affarmer%sWould little q Mon.
Esrioe..IS MlatrriitonllssG Count, ssIllin,oliis:
%s Cocktsfoot DActyliistslglomarata lii n
useful garrass..@aS X crows : son desns
ayIichhE loaims.sSss 4 Twill bearsthe Sshadesn1
ESloly1ssrrhlllain,lEItialigg tusss s;sss.#s /,
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1902-05-03
Caltlyat,on OF Orchar ds

Professors of the Vermont station.
have been investigating the orchards
Of Addison county in that state. In
part their report states: ,
The statistics Of culture, however,
show nor strikingly the condition Of
the apple growing business in Addi-
son county. Out of ~ representative
apple growers whose orchards were
personally examined 5y the agent Of
the Experiment station, only eight, or
less than one-ffth, give any cultiva-
ton to the ground. The others grow
their apple trees in grass, and often
pasture or NOV the grass at that.
This is altogether wrong and unprot-
table. It was once a debatable ques-
ton whether an apple orchard should
be cultivated or not; but. 1t is debata-
BILE no longer. The cash returns set
tied that. BY way OF comparison it
may be said that there is hardly an
orchard, large or small, in Grand Isle
county which is not now annually cul-
tivated with the pillow and harrow.
Probably the greatest reform to be
made in Addison county apple grow
ing lies in the cultivation Of the land.
Apples can be grown -ip sod, to be
sure; but it is absolutely certain that
in ninety-nine. cases out of q hundred,
better fruit can be grown and q great
er profit realized il the soil is properly
cultivated. Proper cultivation, accord
ing to the generally accepted doctrine
Of the time. consists Of blowing the
land early III the spring, and in roll
lowing this with a surface cultivation
with spring-tooth or cutaway harrow
every ten days till July first. By that
time the wood is done growing and
cultivation should be stopped. Then
a cover crop Of clover, eight pounds to
the acre, or Of peas, two bushels to
the acre, or of buckwheat, one bushe4
to the acre; should be sown. The cover
crop holds its place untouched till the
following spring, when it is turned.
under at the annual blowing.