The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1902-05-18

for the lower. The first is given when troops
are in camp, the other when they are en-
gagged in war.
Does the gem called "hiddenite" abound
in North Carolina? 2. Is it identical with
the emerald? g. Is there any book in which
/ can find a valuable method of determining
the comparative values of pearls in proper
ton to size, shape weight and lustre {?
3. Why is the first-named gem called hid
denite?'-R. S. o.
1t is found there. but hardly in such
abundance as to warrant the word
abound" q No, though it sometimes is
styled lithia emerald. 8. We think not
Finely nodded or pear-shaped pearls are
especially valued. There is great variety
in color. 4. After w. e. Hidden.
What filibustering expeditions did Will
liam Walker head? 2. Was he in any so
successful as to gain control of govern
movement against him by United States
authorities not long before the civil war?
"A. Z.
One against northwestern Mexico, three
against Nicaragua and one against Hon
duras. .. He secured control of much of
Nicaragua and had himself elected Presi-
dent, but reused all Central America
against him, and in escaping from the coun-
try had TO take refuge on United States
naval vessel. 8. In 1855 he was tried in San
Francisco for breach of the neutrality laws,
and was acquitted.
How many patents has Thomas A Edi-
son taken out. ?. Will you explain what
caVeat is in patent matters Builder.
Up to the close of 1900 his patents num-
.
Patent Office of the caveator's claim as in
Ventor, and is given to prevent granting
a patent for the invention claimed to some
one else in the term of the caveat without
notice to the caveator. Its term is a year
and may be extended for second year on
payment of another fee. AS that is but $40
and less than the fee for patent some in
ventors take out a caveat on a practically
completed invention and during the year
test the Suitability of the device, not TAX
ing further steps at the Patent Office if it
proves unmarketable
:.
How did Congress aid the Columbian Ex-
position? ?. Who invented the sewing ma
chine? J. What is the area and popula-
ton of Cuba? OF the Philippines ?-J B.
Congress gave the especial mintage of
souvenir coins, from which $244S,O32 was
realized, and for the government exhibits
some S2,25O.OO0 was appropriated. 3 Thomas
Saint, an Englishman, patented a machine
in England in $780, and there were before
that several patented devices working to-
ward a sewing machine. Then the first
sewing machine made for sale was patented
in France. But the sewing machines of
practical utility were a product of this
country. Hunt, Howe, Wilson, Singer.
Grover and Baker, and Wilcox and Gibbs
were leading inventors. g. Cuba: Popula-
ton. 100000; area, Al, $50 square miles.
Philippines: Population, $1,000 area, 14S-
600 miles.
What will be the distribution of the cleo
toral vote in the next presidential election?
%. X. $.
According to the apportionment act of
1900 the electoral vote of the States is as
follows: Alabama, IL; Arkansas, 9; Califor-
MIA, 10; Colorado, 5; Connecticut, Z; Della
ware, 8; Florida, 3; Georgia, 13; Idaho, 5;
Illinois, q; Indiana. 10; Iowa, 49, Kansas.
10; Kentucky, 10; Louisiana, .; Maine, 6;
Maryland, s; Massachusetts, 16; Michigan,
"A; Minnesota, IL; Mississippi 10: Missouri.
IS; Montana, 8; Nebraska, s; Nevada, 8;
New Hampshire, 4; New Jersey, y; New
York, 50; North Carolina, u; North Dako-
ia 4; Ohio. %; Oregon. 4; Pennsylvania, "a;
Rhode Island, 4; South Carolina, 8; South
Dakota, 4; Tennessee. II; Texas. IS; Utah,
8; Vermont. 4; Virginia, y: Washington,
:; West Virginia. Z; Wisconsin, Is, and
Wyoming, S-total, 476.
Will you give some points on home max
ing OF lightning rods, especially as to how
many wires and of what size should be
coiled together?-E. ". f.
This is a topic that abounds in moot
points. for because of the difficulties of ex
perimenting with lightning or of counter
feiting it it is hard to make accurate tests
But here are the features of construction
laid down by one expert: Points Of costly
metal. as platinum. are useless. The lower
ends of the rods should be well grounded.
and in buildings containing iron water pipes
rods ard pipes should be connected; gas
pipes should not be joined TO the rods. as
fire might result from a lightning stroke.
All masses of metal in the building as
metal roofs or pipes not grounded, should
be joined TO the rods The rods should not
be insulated from the building and should
be as nearly straight as possible Iron is
a serviceable metal and broad strip or
tape is an excellent form for it. Such tape
could be bought more cheapIy probably
than a serviceable number of small wires
coiled together, as you suggest. and would
withstand the weather longer
No, Indeed.