The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-01-26
SCIENCE.
PROGRESSIVE TAXATION.

Grnnuhteu income YAK can De Detter eneCleu
by levyine a tax at a constant rate per cent
empted. from taxation. Moreover, " a tax IL
70 produce. equal sacrifices" the amount
be larger for large than for small incomes.
as the cost Of living consistent with efficiency
increases With the amount Of income 20 he
earned. Mr.. CasseIs proposal u based on
the supposition OF a minimum OF subsistence"
representing the income. exempt from taxa
ton, and q maximum OF subsistence repre-
efficiency In earning an infinite income.
The amount deducted for subsistence aud the
rate of TAXATION are then represented by for
rs Topographic transformations.
WHAT II roREsrRy?
Forestry. In its simplest terms. means no
more and no less with reference 10 wood
crops than agriculture means with reference
10 food crops. II Is n business TINT Is con-
cerned In the production OF useful material:
the most important and most widely used
material next 10 food materials. II Is then
entirely N. ~litarian, II is aot concerned. At
least directly, with the beauty OF trees or With
the shelter Tor same. alt hough these aspects
incidentally, though more prominently. the
inf uence OF q forest on soil and water con-
ditions must be kept in view. The latter IN
himself, since he must keep his ground III
satisfactory productive condition II he ,e,N-
forester, then. looks on the forest as crop.
and that involves reaping az we'll as planting
pr. Fernov has here defined the nature, OF
the forester's problems in words that clear
up some Of the crude notions about them
which are but too prevalent.
RAINFALL. AND POLITICS.
Mr.. Clayton Of the Blue Hill Observatory
has a suggestive paper In the Popular science
Monthly on the influence OF rainfall on COM
mercial and political AFFAIRS. Every severe
financial panic IN the United states has been
closely associated with u protracted season OF
deficient rainfall. The. out break or the, Boxer
war in China was at least partially due 10
the impovetishmeut Of the people nv ~drought
A severe winter precipftated tbs, trench
Reyolutien The Russian sSG1nhf ,s en Gape sah.
was eNem plihed by the disa Strous Moscow
campaign Of 1872. In the year - 4,
Cesar's legions In Gaul we're defeated on
account Of their scattered stations and the
stations were placed wide apart because a
scanty harvest had made this disposition
n necessity. These are only a Few OF many
examples that might be cited.
THR PRESSURE oF HGHT
NJ Iebedew of Moscow has experimentally
demonstrated that the pressure Of light agrees
with the theoretical Determination, of Clerk
Maxwell. Maxwellis theory declares that
the combined effects of the electrostatic and
electrokine tic tensions give as a resultant
a pressure in the direction OF the propa-
CATION of the wave He announced thai The
concentrated rays Of an electric lamp falling
on a metallic disk delicately suspended in n
vacuum might produce an appreclable me
chanical effect The radiometer OF Crookes
Is a device which arose from This snggrs'ion'
Lebedew has eliminated the effect OF heat
and measured the effect Of the light from an
arc lamp and nnds, in this very delicate
experiment, results that agree within 10
per cent Of Maxwell'S theoretical amounts
They show that the pressure is directly pro;
70 the energy of the light and
apftr0lN tnAanAnhant nf It's color
tsrs or TIE rrREos-op ~ M~FTroRoLoo1
AND Is ,sTroNOMY
Prof ". Prin7 Of Brussels has lately pointed
out som OF the ways in which the stereoscop"
can be made useful TO meteorologiSts and
astronome rs. surgery already profits by
this instrument to photographs. by
X-rays, showing the different organs Of the
body in their true relations IN solid space.
The meteorologist can Use II Tor the sthd(
of clouds, of lightning flashes ana the IKE
The astronomer can employ stereo-oopic
photographs Of star groups Tor the DC
lection OF changes Of place aud stellar spectra
can be studied by this means to advantage
Prof Wolf nj Heidelberg employs the -teieo-
scopic principe In the search for star WIN
a mea, snS Pats.'"s and % Generally in re-.
searches demanding the comparison OF Two
Photographic plate- Moon photographs also
are admirably studied in thi. way.
>Ew srAPs
Prof Hugo seeiiger Of Munich remarks
that the observed fact that new starr are
nearly al situated in. or very clos" To. IN"
Milky Nsy agree with all that We know Of
the construction OF the heaven, W" may
q puDu thnt th. frequency Of the GO
currenc- Of new star, d. directly proporuonhl
10 the stellar density Of the dtnereui regiou-
esperuN' u this frequency r"~u'i- from
collisions between ,o-mic ma--e-, a.. th"r"
l. good reason 10 believe Hi- calculations
f.mIHAsI nFRn aHIHI IA fIfH.HHH HNnA NLNI
three iOurth- Of ~" uev starr "lght Co. HI-
pear in the usIghhorhood of a." Mlhl Way
aud the observed situation Of ~" hfteeh
urw -tHr- which have appeared dut 'ht
past three o-uturlr- Hgre" WITH Tie calculation
EfTf,I uf miDH eos IHt DAsts or %
BL'up
Recent observations on the gsss- uf He
during I'd nallpuu a-, -u-iun .hov ilT-L.
thr faculty 81 nHuug oh' gen pu--"--'d
by no. hsmoguulu ~ toe blpud b. bot difIlu-
i,hrd Eel. 90" Atmosphere rteH-ur" duuuI.-U'-
bot. 90 fh' 'uufrHIh. Iuffraa'u aI beast 90
tIr UlUtIdr- affaIuri r",uud uu IU .'HI
De-" ,trhuiu atId go 'HultIlfd 900
ths blood doe uuI iuilna DO, lHH ~ -HlllIHu
tnNsrs. of fhI- HF fiird fhs UfrrE'U lIu.
fsis.d sn tut I.YHI doc. 'ullHH '.t Do" "f
solution GOOD o. ,u'- f"m u' H'"'d ." 200"
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