The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1902-11-01
PACKING HOUSE sY.PRooucT

-.
the stoekyarcs viii give very clear idea
OF the enormous amount OF money saved
| and made by the utilization OF the por-
| tons OF the animals slaughtered there
which cannot be used for food. writes w
/ Z. Curtis in the Chicago Record Herald
! The late Philip D. Armour was very
practical man and always did business
upon the basis Of Poor Richards adage.
| that "a penny saved is q penny earned
The result CT this policy is shown in the
! vast area occupied by the several facto-
ries operated by his firm and others IN
/ the same business for the manufacture
I OF hundreds OF useful articles from those
parts OF the steers. sheep and hogs that
I were formerly thrown away
In the earlier days of the industry the
hide taliow and grease were used. bat
the blood. feet. head and offai were buried
o. hauled ont on the prairies and dumped
/ The horns finally became Of some value.
and after the horn pith was removed they
| were shipped to Europe and there manu-
featured into horn buttons. combs and va
nous horn ornaments, but no manufac-
/ turing of this sort was attempted IN the
/ United States until within the last twenty
+ years. About the first use made Of thc
0flal at Chicago was II the latter part OF
the '7os, when a small glue manufacturing
plant was established near Ashland ave
nue. on the river. There was no attempt
{ II buy material from the packers. but the
+ story goes that the cattle heads and feet
from the trenches IN which they were
/ buried b. the packers during the Gay
/ would be dug up at night hauled 10 the
: glue factory and converted into glue and
! bone fertilizer
4 Soon after this packers found out that
/ the material had some value ana began
/ 70 charge for It. In the meantime quito
( ar industry has been built up in the man
uiacture OF glue. and in the year lSs9
/ armour < Co. purchased the Wahi Broth
/ ers glue factor. This was the first en-
! trance OF the packers into the manufac-
! tCre Of Clues. The industry has grown
I rapidly, and Armour & Co, having the
/ largest glue plant in the world. not only
/ use all the raw material furnished by
! tleir own packing houses. but also buy
! largely from all the smaller packers.
/ They manufacture several kinds of glue.
/ The phosphate OF lime in bone - held to-
gether by heterogeneous material which
can be taken out OF the bone by cooking
I for long time at low temperature. or
Z the lime can be bleached ont OF the bone
stock by the use OF acids. Clippings and
other pieces of hides are cooked AT low
temperature and the glue is taken out
After the glue is extracted Il is concen-
trated in a vacuum. chilled by rsfrig-
Grafton. cut Up into thin layers. dried on
vic SGlttill4@ IN iafEc HRi dAt III us
and sold as sheet glue. broken glue or
/ ground glue. as the trade may demand.
The diamond shape marks on sheet glue
I come from me wires on which the glu
is dried while in plastic condition. Dur
ing the process OF glue boiling the tallow
| and grease are extracted and SKINNED
of, and the bony and meaty matter is
dried, ground up and sold as fertilizer. L
contains certain proportions OF nitrogen
ard phpSnharr1S birp1 with nn0grh
o. lime.
Gelatin is made from selected calves
stock and is very carefully manufactured.
the process being somewhat similar 70
that used in the making Of glue.
Isinglass made from erimal tissues is
used by brewers in the clarifying OF their
liquors. 1t is a transparent white article
sold in sheets, and resembles the finest
grades OF gelatin in appearance.
1t may be said that in the fertilizer in
dUstry Armour & Co. were pioneers. In
the early sos. Peruvian guano being very
high and a demand having arisen for com
n.ercial fertilizers. it was suggested that
the meaty and bony material deposited In
the bottom of large tanks used in render
ing lard and taiiow be dried and used as
a source of nitrogen in compromising fer
tilizers, mixing with them the acid phos-
phate made by dissolving South Carolina
n ok phosphate with acid a hot air dryer
was designed. and that was the begin
ming OF the fertilizer Industry In Chicago.
At the same time the blood accumulat-
ing from the killing OF cattle boiled 60
coagulate the albumen and dried in steam
dryers. was also used as fertilizer, the
entire output for a number Of years being
shipped 70 New York and Boston. as there
was no demand for fertilizers in the
West. These materials. with hoofs and
horns, are valuable chiefly for their nj
trcgenous contents. blood and hoef meal
containing almost as much nitrogen as
nitrate Of soda or suIphaee of ammonia.
For a number OF wears they were sold
u the manufacturers Of fertilizers. but IN
the early Cos Mr.. Armour began the bus
mess himself. combining with MS mate
rial potash from Germany and phcsphates
from the South
This part Of the packing business has
grown very rapidly. and Armour & Co.
now have plants at many points IN the
United States for the manufacture Of fer
t.lizers. shipping their blood and tankage
TO those points. making their own sui
pLuric acid and acid phosphates apd
supplying the trade Of elch immediate
section. Fertilizers are made Of different
strength for different soils. climates and
crops, a Quick-acting fertilizer being pre-
pared for garden truckers. who must get
their product into the very early markets
wheat Practically all the cotton ia the
United States. with the exception Of that
in Texas. IS grown with fertilizers. and
nearly al the winter wheat producing
states are now largely using them.
At the fertilizer works is now prepared
blood albumen. which up TO within ire
years ago, had been imported entirely
from Europe 1t is used ~ calico printers
ii, fixing certain pigment c0icrs 70 tho
cloth. and is similar n appearance 10 the
white Of an egg when its tcmperaturc is
raised 20 a certain point Il coasilates
After the cloths are printed they are
steamed ~ temperature appro<imating
% degrees Fahrenheit. This action coag-
ulstes the albumel ~ the ink rendering
# insoiuble in water. ard mechanically
fixes the color IL the cloth .alnumen is
also used by tanners In finishing feathers
hy makers Of certain extracts bv sugar
manufacturers and for the clarifying OF
liquors..
Dried blood "a used as a fertilizer. and
l. also beginning to he used largely IS
a stock food. Z Is the most concentrated
food we have. containing something ike
s per cent proteire. and gives exception
ally good results when fad u horses and
other live stock ia connection wffh fhe.r
regular feed. two or three ounces h1l-r
gwen a day The kanEas CITY eZreTi-
meat stetton has discovered that . dis
ease known IS the fcolrs. which greatly
trcgbles ycuag calves. can b. cured hy
the addition q 1ittls ~ ths dried blood
& the siIm milk on which thay arc FED.
This discovery = sing thousands p
calves every year. Certain portions =
tankzzs are sroUrd ~ lrto r-eat rleal
ard largely sold for p0ultrE food ard Tor
the fattFui1g of hogs and ether llve stcri<
Bone. cearzeiy srs1tlatei. j. -sed for he