davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Savannah morning news., 1902-10-25
IN HONOR OF JUSTICE ADAMS.

The Constitution prints the following
report of Hon. F. G. duBignon's din
ner to Justice Adams in Atlanta night
before last:
"wit, humor and eloquence charac-
terized the occasion of the dinner CIV
en- last evening by Hon. Fleming G..
duBignon in honor of Justice Samuel
Adams of Savannah. The party as
sembled was a notable one, the states
most distinguished men meeting with
Justice Adams at the hospitable home
of Mr.. duBignon. The menu served
was most delicious, including among
the courses all kinds of delicious sea
food" sent from Savannah for the
occasion.
1.-THE table decorations were most
artistic, combining pink roses and
The Savannah morning news., 1902-10-25
SOCIETY,"

turn to Savannah, be accompanied by
her sister Mrs Curry. Mrs. Curry and
little Miss Curry will spend the winter
here.
Mr.. and Mrs. w. ]. Donlan returned
yesterday morning from their wedding
trip and are residing at 613 Barnard
street.
Mrs. Augustus Kelly and her chill
dren, and Miss Lucy Brookes, returned
yesterday from West Point, Va, where
they have been spending the summer.
Mr.. and Mrs. Thomas King Pea
body expect to remove about the first
of December to Columbus, where they
will make their permanent home.
Mr.. and Mrs. J. Pinkusson have re-
turned from a visit to Washington,
D. c.
The st. Johns Hunting Club held its
102nd annual meeting at "Pooshee"
plantation last Tuesday. The planta-
ton is one of the most picturesque
places in South Carolina The Charles
ton News and Courier, which has an
interesting account of the celebration
and the names of those who were there
says: 'Mr. r. P. Ravenel, a learned
member of the Savannah bar, laid
aside Gritty to engage in the chase
and to meet his fellow members of the
club"
The Savannah morning news., 1902-10-25

maiden-hair fern. There was an ele-
waited plateau of these, about which
silver candlesticks and vases were ar
ranged in a star design. The fairy
lamp shades were of pink silk, and the
sign.
THE party included. besides Mr.. du-
Bignon and Justice Adams. the follow
ing: Gov. Allen d. Gambler. Gov.-elect
Terrell, Senator Steve Clay. Judge
John S. Gambler. Judge Little. Judge
Cobb. Judge Simmons, Judge Lump
kin. Judge Fisch. Hon. Clark Howell.
Hon. ]. ]. Spaulding, Mr.. Albert How
ell. Mr.. Edward Brown. Mr.. Robert
Aston, Mr.. I. NJ. Cunningham of Sa-
vannah,
The Savannah morning news., 1902-10-25
CONSIDER CITY BONDS.

Treasury Committee ON the Matter
of Security for Public Deposits.
Washington, Oct 24.---The Treasury
Committee on state andMunicipa bonds
offered to the Treasury Department as
security for public deposits held a
meeting yesterday and decided that it
would consider, in addition to the secu-
rites authorized by state law for the
Investments of the savings banks OF
New York. the bonds OF any city In any
state OF the Union, In which the debt.
exclusive OF water debt and sinking
fund, is less than Z per cent. OF the
valuation of the city, for purposes of
taxation.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-10-25
COMING OF TIE CIRCUS.
Forepaugh & Sells Programme for
To-day.

Forepaugh a Sells Programme Tor
To-day.
In four sections Forepaugh & Sells
Brothers Circus will reach Savannah
over the Atlantic Coast Line from
Charleston some time after o'clock
this morning. The work of unloading
the cars and putting up the tents at the
Baseball Park will begin Immediately.
Bert Davis. one Of the aggregation's
advance men, has made all prepara-
tions for the arrival of the mammoth
show. A street parade will be given as
near noon as will be possible. the ax-
act time depending upon the hour OF
arrival. The parade will pass through
the usual streets and will probably be
witnessed by thousands of people.
A matinee performance will be given
at o'clock, and a night performance
at s. The Forepaugh & Sells Brothers
circus comes to Savannah strongly re-
commended. 1t has been praised by the
press in every place that II has visited.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-10-25

registered at the screven yester-
day.
J. r. Bowen of Abbeville is in the
city, at the Pulaski
]. r. Clements of Helena Is regis
tered at the Screven.
A. H. Baker of Augusta is stopping
at the Pulaski House.
A. Wolff of Atlanta Is among the
guests at the Screven.
M. M. Elkan of Macon is among the
guests at the Pulaski.
S. F. PARROT of Laurens, s. c., is
stopping at the Screven.
P. ]. Zeigler of Allandale, s. c., is
stopping at the Pulaski.
f. R. Slappey of Hagan was In the
city yesterday, at the Screven.
r. G. Hett of Atlanta is among the
recent arrivals at the Pulaski.
H Lee Harvey of Charleston is
among the guests at the Pulaski.
J.R. McLane of Geneva is in the city.
He may be found at the Screven.
F. C. Clakins of Atlanta arrived last
night and registered at the Pulaski.
r. Fl. Fischer Is among the recent
arrivals from Atlanta at the Pulask
C. FL. Allen of Ochwalkee arrived in
the city last night and registered at
the Pulaski.
Mr.. c. w. Lyle, manager of the Dixie
Paint and Wall Paper Company. left
for Atlanta last night.
c. b. Harmon is among the recent
arrivals from Augusta, who registered
at the Pulaski last night.
Mr.. w. d. Pitchford, a prominent
young business man of st. Augustine,
Fla, is in Savannah for a few days
visiting friends and relatives.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-10-25
C0UGHLAN NOT GUILTY.
Cabman Acquitted ON Charge of
Numbering Employer.

Chicago, Oct. 24.--After nearly, a
week of trial, followed by only fifteen
minutes Of elaboration. a jury in
Judge Brentano's court has returned a
verdict of mot guilty in the case OF
Edward coughlan. charged with the
murder of Caesar o. Harz. The IL
men agreed without any debate that
1t was a case of justifiable homicide,
Coughlan was cabman without dol
lar except his salary. The man he kill
ed was a liveryman. and is said to
have left an estate of over 100000.
The men quarreled over the claimants
pay and Coughlan claims Harz assault
ed him.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-10-25
MRS. WELDON's RECEPTION FOR
MRS, CHESNUTT

Mrs. Frank Weldon gave large re-
ception yesterday afternoon between
the hours of and o'clock at her
home on Spring street. in Atlanta, in
honor of her sister, Mrs. J. B. Ches-
mutt of Savannah. The following la
dies received with Mrs. Weldon and
her fair guest of honor: Mrs. Ralph F.
Wright, Mrs. Joseph NJ. Terrell, Mrs.
w. NJ. Nixon. Mrs. Maude Barker
Cobb, Mrs. Wilmer Moore, Mrs. w. W.
Landrum, Mrs. George w. Connors,
Miss Ethel Mobley and Miss Ruth Hail.
man.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-10-25
LOCAL PERSONAL.

N. S. Hodges of Mitchell is at the
Pulaski,
H. P. Cone of waycross is at the
Screven.
Fl. L. Perkins of Hagan is at the
Screven.
N. Heiderbrandt, Jr., is registered at
the Pulaski.
j. M. Clements of Alamo is register
ed at the Pulaski.
d. I. Peoples, Van Peoples and J. w.
Peoples are among a party that
The Savannah morning news., 1902-10-25
Cardinal receives Archbishop.

Rome, Oct. 24.--Archbishop chapelle,
the apostolic delegate to Cuba and
Porto Rico, was received in private
audience by Cardinal Rampolla, the
papal secretary Of state, who congrat-
ulated him on the work he had ac-
complished in Porto Rico and Cuba. He
will have a private audience with the
Pope in a few days. The Archbishop
remains in Rome until December. The
Associated Press is requested to an
nounce that his visit is solely connect
ed with the affairs of Cuba, but he
is utilizing the occasion to make his
visit ad limina as Archbishop OF New
Orleans.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-10-25
PEOPLE COMING AND GOING.

Mrs. w. B. Denham, Miss Helen Dem
ham and Miss Bessie Denham expect
to leave Monday for short trip to
New York.
Mrs. ]. G. Van Marter, who spent the
summer in Tacoma, left there recently
TO return to Savannah. She will stop
in Denver for visit on the homeward
trip.
Miss Margaret Cosens, who is the
guest of Mrs. Charles Huston in
Coatesville, will reach home about
Nov. l.
Miss Hines of Washington, Ca, is
the guest of Mrs. r. T. Semmes.
Lieut.. Gilmer and Lieut.. Beckham
came up yesterday from Fort Screven
and spent the day in town.
Mrs. John Gadsden and Miss Leila
Gadsden of Summerville are visiting
Mr.. William Gadsden.
Mr. and Mrs. Charles H. Gibbes and
Edward Gibbes will return shortly
from Asheville and will reside for the
present at their home in The Meadows.
Miss Eugenia Johnston is expected to
return from Wernesville, Pa, about the
first of November. Miss Elizabeth
Johnston will remain some time longer
at the North.
Mrs. c. w. Fairbanks, president-gen-
eral of the d. A. r., will be the guest
Of Mrs. Edward Karow during the con-
vention of the society to be held here
next month. Mrs. r. e. Parks. the
state regent, will also be Mrs. Karow's
guest, and will probably arrive several
days before the session begins.
Miss Floride Banks has returned
from New York.
Mrs. H. c. McFadden, who has been
the guest of Mrs. Robert Hardee, re-
turned yesterday to her home in Way
cross.
Mr.. and Mrs. II. A. Palmer will re-
turn next week from Dalton.
Mr.. and Mrs. Eldred Simkins. who
nave been staying with Mr. and Mrs.
W. r.. Guerard since their return from
the Isle of Hope. have moved into
tnelr apartments in the Colonial, on
Lincoln street.
Mr.. and Mrs. T. Mayhem Cunning
man, Jr., are expected to return to-day
from Atlanta.
Mr. and Mrs. ]. J. Dale have re-
turned to the city.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Wesley Fretweil
nave sent out cards to the marriage
VI their daughter, Leila Ellen, to Mr..
gary Rogers, Wednesday evening, Nov.
o. at O'Clock, at Trinity Church. Mr..
ana Mrs. Rogers will be at home after
Dec. IL, at 213 Anderson street, east.
MRS w, ]. Sans entertained yes
sSiuay at dinner. Her guests were
SIlss Mamie Brigham, Miss Kate Brig
nam. Mrs. N. H. Finnie, Mrs. p. NJ.
HD,ougan, Mrs. Robert Ellington and
MISS Rhetta Johnson.
e. Mr.. John M. Egan, Jr., will arrive
sunday from Goodwater, Ala, to spend
1ne Jay with his parents, Mr.. and Mrs.
John NJ. Egan.
MIS-; MISS Minnie Nichols and Mr. Mungin
IN LIMOS returned yesterday from a
Ign. "a Du'ih IA D'ooA
r Mrs c. E. Gillette, who is visiting her
'''her IN Knoxville. will, on her re-
The Savannah morning news., 1902-10-25
THE MUSICIANS wOOING.

1t was music teacher bold
Who loved a fair young maid,
And when to her his love he told
Something like this he said:
Light of my SOUL Ny life's bright re!
I love you near or fa!"
The maiden turned her head away,
And gently murmured La"
"Such Eighty nonsense doesn't go,
You're not the man for mi;
! want man who has the do,
So you're not in it, Sill"
INDIANAPOLIS Journal,
The Savannah morning news., 1902-10-25
TRAINS DELAYED BY
WRECK AT JESUP.

North-bound trains over the Atlantic
Coast Line were late this morning on
account of the derailment of a train
at Jesup. All trains over the Folkston
cutoff were sent around via Jesup.
Little information could be obtained of
the accident, but it was stated at the
Atlantic Coast Line offices that no one
was injured.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-10-25
SOUTHERN IRON INTERESTS.
Meeting of Principal Companies
Held Yesterday In New York.

New York, Oct. 24.-A meeting Of
Southern iron mining interests was
held to-day at the office of the Tennes-
see Coal and Iron Company The in
terests reported included the Tennessee
Coal and Iron Company, the Sloss-
Sheffield Company, the Virginia Iron
and Coke Company, the Allegheny Ore
and Iron Company and the Lowmoor
Furnaces.
The meeting, it was learned. was for
the purpose of agreeing upon and fix
ing the price of Southern pig iron DUR
ing the latter half of 1908. 1t is un-
derstood that an agreement was made
to maintain prices at the same rate as
for the latter half of this year.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-10-25
TO BUILD NEW ROAD.
Deed of Trust Filed for Cape Fear
Terminal Railroad Company.


Raleigh, N. c., Oct. 24.---A special to
the News and Observer from Whining
ton, N. c.. says:
There were filed at Southport to-day
a deed of trust securing bonds to the
amount of 100000 for the Cape Fear
Terminal Railroad Company. The Lin
coin Savings and Trust Company Of
Philadelphia becomes the trustees. The
Terminal Company is chartered to
build a line of railway from South
port to Wilmington, with the ultimate
purpose of extending the line or maxi
ing traffic arrangements so as to enter
the Virginia coal fields.
The Southport, Wilmington and Dur
ham Railroad Company, which has been
chartered for the same purpose, to-
day acquired a valuable deep water
terminal at Southport.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-10-25
ANOTHER VOLCANO ERUPTING.
IyaIco in Salvador Causing People
to Flee From Their Homes.

to Flee From Their Homes.
New Orleans, Oct. 24.--Passengers
who arrived on the steamer from Puer-
to Barrios report that the volcano OF
Izalco, in Salvador, is now in state
of violent eruption. The eruption be-
gan on Sept. 7, when five large OPEN
ings or craters formed on the north
side of the volcano from which large
quantities of lava and burning stones
were elected. People living in the
town of Izalco and the neighboring
country, toward which the lava poured,
fed at it's appearance and believe that
their houses were completely destroyed.
The stream of lava, which was very
deep, flowed for a distance of three
miles from the crater.
Lake Coatepeque, which lies at the
foot of the volcano, was flooded with
boiling sulphur from the principal
crater, the water becoming hot enough
to cook eggs In 1t.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-10-25

so Edythe refused her first offer?''
Yes. She said it was in the nature Of
a sacrifice hit to save her older sister"
Brooklyn Life.
The Savannah morning news., 1902-10-25
A Happy Event.

Atlanta. Oct. 24.-Speaker Newt A.
Morris wife presented him with new
boy to-day. and he is receiving double
congratulations on all sides.
The Dickinson press. (Dickinson, Stark County, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1883-1927, 1902-02-22
PIcklNGs FROM FICTION.

"Counting the cost" of sins and fol-
lies is always hard sum in arithmetic.
Trinity Bells" ...
Good cooks are more in demand than
saints these days.-"The Tempting of
Father Anthony"
One has often to draw upon the imag-
nation even in serious realism
Confessions Of Caricaturist."
There's nothing so good to brush
away the cobwebs Of scruples as the
pleasures Of life.-"Doris Kingsley"
Wherever man strays aside from
the beaten path there he finds the devil
waiting for him.-"The God Seeker"
There is no advantage in being poor
If you can't be common. It would be
like being well of without taste for
music or rtichokes.-""The Last Of the
Knickerbockers."
And at least am fair to confess that
the sensation Of having once again
clean, smart clothes upon my person
gave wonderful impetus to my self
esteem.-"Love's Itinerary"
Seems to me the Almighty just wants
a feller to do the right thing by his
neighbor and not be too independent,
but 60 long kind O. humble like and
keep clean.-"The Man From Glengar-
ry."
Never be awasting your time a-thlnk-
ing NAere woman is concerned. When
her heart steps up and lays hold the
reins, the steed gallops to the goal;
she's always time to think after she's
acted.-"My Lady Peggy Goes to
Town.
The Dickinson press. (Dickinson, Stark County, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1883-1927, 1902-02-22
CENSUS BILL PASSES.

Measure to Establish Permanent 6u-
reau Approved by Senate.
Washington, Feb. 1s.-After an ex-
tended debate the senate passed the
bill establishing permanent census
Office. The, discussion related princi-
pally to the collection and publication
by the director. of. the census of statis-
tics respecting the production Of cot
ton. Mr.. Allision vigorously opposed
the provision. maintaining that the cot
ton statistics gathered by the depart
ment of agriculture were complete and
accurate and that no necessity exist
ed for their duplication. Despite his
opposition the. provision was inserted
in the bill. as. ,''t. - A3 5,ss %
Several other bills Of importance
on the calendar: were passed, one of
them extending the charters Of nation.
al banks.
The Dickinson press. (Dickinson, Stark County, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1883-1927, 1902-02-22
THE POINT OF THE JOKE,
1t Was Dimcult For the EnEliahman
but He Finally Saw 1t,

1t Was Dimcult For the EnEliahman,
but He Finally Saw 1t.
A party Of Englishmen were in Chi
cago sightseeing some time ago. They
were entertained at dinner by some
Chicago Englishmen who have lived in
America long enough to have a keen
appreciation of the American idea Of a
Joke. During the evening all the men,
bers Of the party told stories or sung
songs and entertained according to
their several abilities.
One Of the English visitors could see
nothing funny in the stories told by the
Chicago Englishmen. Every time one
Of them would tell good American
story at which most of the party would
laugh uproariously this particular Eng
lishman would adjust his monocle to
his eye and, looking wonderingly
around the table, would remark, "But,
I say, 1 don't see anything in that to
laugh at, y knaw."
One of the Chicago men finally re-
cited an original poem. The poem told
Of an Englishman who had come to
America and after being in this coun-
try only short time had died and gone
to another and much warmer country.
Ten years passed, and one day an imp
passing that way heard the English
man laughing uproariously.
"Why, what are you laughing att" in
quired the imp.
"Oh, oh, oh, such funny story as
heard in America! Oh, it was so fun
ny!" laughed the victim, and he held his
hands to his side and almost doubled
up with merriment.
IA story you heard! Why. you've
heard no story" said the imp. you've
been dead ten years."
"Yes, yes, know, l know" cried the
man. "But I've just seen the joke"
This poem set the table in a roar.
Amid all the laughing and shouting
the obtuse visitor adjusted his monocle
and drawled out, "But, say, don't
zee anything funny in that, y knaw."
mo-" replied the man who had read
the poem as quick as a flash. "Of
course you don't. You haven't been
dead ten years." And even the obtuse
Englishman saw the point.-Ch Chicago
Tribune.
The Dickinson press. (Dickinson, Stark County, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1883-1927, 1902-02-22

had sought, as was alleged, to circum.
vent us during the war of 1898, the
sooner he. was shipped across the
seas. the better. He also criticised
the president for his reported inten-
ton to send his daughter to the coro-
nation Of King; Edward and protested
against the official recep6on of Prince
Henry. His speech aroused the house
to high pitch of excitement and
ELECTED from Mr.. Boutelle (Ills.) q
spirited dsfense of Secretary Hay,
whom he eulogized in high terms.
Several other members on the Repub.
ncan side took hand and later in
the afternoon Mr.. Grosvenor (O.) took
Mr.. Wheeler to task for his "inoppor-
tune protest" and rehearsed the his.
tory of the visit of the Prince of
Wales to this country in 1860 and his
reception by President Buchanan.
The Dickinson press. (Dickinson, Stark County, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1883-1927, 1902-02-22
TWENTY INCHES OF SNOW.

Most Severe Blizzard at Atlantic City,
N. u, Since 1888.
Atlantic City, N. J..tFeb. 18.-One of
the most severe snow storms since
1883. the year of the great blizzard,
struck this coast. and when the snow
fall ceased nearly 20 inches had fall
en-.
New York, Feb. 1S.-Advices re-
ceived from points in New Jersey show
that the great blizzard has been felt
from Bergen county to Cape May and
from Atlantic City to Camden.
AS was natural the brunt of the gale,
which approached the dimensions of
a hurricane, was felt by the seacoast
towns, but the interior cities and town
ships did not escape.
The Dickinson press. (Dickinson, Stark County, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1883-1927, 1902-02-22

The man on the stage who does the
trick of escaping from firmly tied ropes,
submits to the bonds with smile. He
knows he can get out of the ropes that
are being knotted. Put the same man in
the woods and let Indian captors bind
him to tree for torture and he would
struggle to the last against the bonds.
When the stomach is diseased there
are bonds being woven every hour about
the organs dependent on the stomach
heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, etc. The
folly Of mankind is to passively submit
to the fastening of these bonds with no
effort to escape until the pain they cause
arouses fear. Is - T
Dr.. Pierce's Golden Medical Discovery
cures diseases of the stomach and other
organs of digestion and nutrition. It
cures diseases,of heart, liver, lungs. kid
neys and other organs, when these dis.
eases, as Is often the case, have their
origin in the diseased stomach.
rFor long time was suffering and was
hardly able to get about. writes Mr.: Andrew J.
Jennings. of Thomas, Tucker Co., w. Va, Boz
lo4. wWas bothered with kidney trouble and
my whole system was out OF order; had no
appetite. A friend of mine told me to try Dr.
Pierce's Golden Medical Discovery. I did 50
six bottles,of Golden Medical Discovery and
some Of the Pleasant Pellets' and feel like .
new person. @ f,{ f5sE1,5Hl
Dr.. Pierce's Pleasant Pellets cleaute
the clogged system from ampusiHss Y
The Dickinson press. (Dickinson, Stark County, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1883-1927, 1902-02-22
ALL CLEARED UP.
Lord cranborne Fully Explains Pro-
Posed Note of Intervention. e

London, Feb. 15.-The parliamen.
+ary secretary for the foreign Office,
Lord Cranborne, replying in the house
Of commons to question of Henry
Norman (LiberaD on the subject of
tho action of the British ambassador
at Washington, Lord Pauncefote, April
IA, 1898, said:
"The meeting which occurred April
IA. 1898, was convened by Lord
Pauncefote, as dean of the ambassa-
dors, at the verbal suggestion of some
of his colleagues. Whatever opinions
were expressed by Lord Pauncefote
during che discussion, which was OF
an informal character, were personal
to himself and not pursuant to in
structions from her majesty's govern
ment. The discussion resulted in an
agreement to forward an identical tel.
egram to their respective govern
ments, suggesting a further commu-
nication to the United States govern
ment. On receipt of this message her
majesty's government Immediately re-
piled objecting to the terms of the
proposition as injudicious. Two days
later Lord Pauncefote was Informed
that her majesty's government had
decided to take no action. We, at the
time, had no information of the atti.
tude of the German government"
The Dickinson press. (Dickinson, Stark County, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1883-1927, 1902-02-22
SIX DEAD, AS MANY DYING.

Kentucky Officers and Mountaineers
Fight Desperate Battle.
Middlesboro, KY, Feb. 13.-Six are
dead and as many more are dying as
a result OF a battle between officers
from Middlesboro and mountaineers.
The battle, which was one of the most
desperate things of it's kind in the
history of mountain warfare, occurred
between 4 and o'clock p. m. at Lee
Turner's quarter house" saloon, three
and a half miles from Middlesboro.
Last month some mules and other
goods of Turner's were levied on in
payment for debt, and few nights
ago. it is alleged, he with others went
to Virginia, where the property had
been taken, secured what was former.
ly his and returned to the quarter
house."
During the day Deputy Sheriff
Thompson summoned posse of 10 or
Is men for the purpose of arresting
Turner at his saloon. The Louisville
and Nashville railroad refused to con-
vey the officers to the saloon and they
walked through the mountains. Tur.
ner had heard that an attempt would
be made to arrest him and he and his
men, Is in number, gave the officers
q warm receptiOn.
The Dickinson press. (Dickinson, Stark County, D.T. [i.e. N.D.]) 1883-1927, 1902-02-22
WORST IN THREE YEARS.
Philadelphia Reports a Heavy Fall ot
SnoM

Philadelphia Reports Heavy Fall Of
Snow. =,
Philadelphia, Feb. 18.-The heavy
snow storm which began in this Sec
tion ceased at o'clock p. m., the fall
of snow being the heaviest In three
years. A high wind accompanied tho
snow, butt the wind is rapidly dimin.
fishing. The greatest fall OF snow oc-
cured, at Atlantic City, which was the
center of the storm. The weather bu-
reau there reports that II inches fell,
and that the maximum velocity of the
wind was "a miles. In this city II
inches OF snow were recorded at the
weather bureau, and in the interior
of Pennsylvania snow fell in depths
varying from one to six inches.