The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1902-01-30

to 81 and sometimes at fancy prices
of from 50 to So each. They should
cost about
Flrst-class, 8 to ft....... 20 LBS 100 G0.OO
First-class, ) to ft..-.... Is LEO $50 5000
First-class, to ft....... 10 80 SOD 800
First Medium, to #. 10 - $50 1000
Pears as follows:
First-class. g to ft....... Is 300 2OOO
First-clasS, 5 to ft....... .25 $50 1900
First-class, 5 to ft....... 20 2 50 1900
One year trees best are
70 70 f ''''..'''''..''.'''''... .l9 10 1899
10 Z IeeU..........-..-.......... 10 ID j.uO
Plum on plumroots-
Extras to feet......... 30 800 BOO
to 3feet....................... .0S 80 400
The question of using dwarf or
standard trees is largely a personal
one, as is the question of when to set,
whether fall or spring. This latter is
influenced to quite an extent by local
conditions. Late spring makes it bad
TO set, then extreme winters may in
iure fall set trees; but this is best de-
termined by the experience of the
neighborhood.
Distance for Setting.-This varies
greatly with both varieties and local
tiles. If the soil is very rich greater
distance must be allowed between
the trees than when the soil is poor
and rocky. Then, too, the varieties
like the Ben Davis. which in general
have more or less upright growth,
need less distance than varieties like
the Northern Spy. A great many
plans may be followed in planting.
They may be planted (apples) 40 feet
apart and a tree in the center of the
square thus formed with perhaps
"fillers" of plum, peach, pear or other
fruit between, thus making the trees
really 20 feet apart. This plan is fol-
lowed only when the intention is to
cut out the filler trees when the
apple trees are ten or twelve years
old. The Van Deman' plan consists
of setting the permanent trees to
form equilateral triangles and using
the filler trees but leaving out every
sixth row for wagon road. This may
be set with 1856 trees, counting "fillers'
and permanent trees. But safe dis
tance for permanent trees would for
apple, 40 feet, for pears, peach and
plum, 30 feet.
Diseases and HaSectS.-This forms a
vast subject of itself and should be
treated as such.
Harvesting and Marketimg.-Only
mere mention is here made.
The time to pick varieties with the
uses and varieties. Late keeping va
rieties, or in fact any fruits which are
not not to be marketed at once, should
be picked before ripe. Pick by stem
and leave the stem on. Early varie-
ties or those on orchards near the
market may be picked when fully
ripe as they have a more ready sale
at such time.
One thing that must be learned and
that is in packing fruit great care
must be exercised. Uniform, neat
appearing boxes or barrels often sell
the fruit. Care, even sometimes to
wrapping the fruit in paper, is impera-
tive. Large growers have packing
houses where all the fruit is taken
after being picked. Here the bruised
or imperfect specimens are thrown
out and the sorting and packing is
done. The sheds offer protection
from the sun and everything is done
in systematic way.
The small growers cannot afford all
these houses nor can he perhaps af-
ford cold storage houses, but these
are provided by those who under
stand it and make it a regular bust
ness.
In conclusion of this paper let me
offer some figures of receipts from
fruit crops during the few years past.
State Senator Lupton, of Winches-
ter, Va, says: "One of my neighbors
has young orchard of 300 trees-8
acres-which this year gave 100 bar
rels of first-class merchantable fruit
that sold at $3.50 per barrel in the
orchard. The buyer furnished the
barrels and picked the fruit. Another
orchard of 1000 trees on an adjoining
farm yielded $500 one year and two
years later the same orchard gave
$4,000"
Mr.. E. p. Cohill, of Hancock, Md,
says: This year eight 15-year-old
trees gave $115, or, at the rate of 40
trees to the acre, yield of $575 per
acre"
An apple buyer at Martinsburg, w.
Va, paid $500 for apples from so trees