davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Idaho Springs siftings., 1902-07-19
MINING APPLICATION NO. 1868.
Mineral Survey No. 1878.
u. S. Land once.

u. s Land Office,
Denver, Colorado. May % 1902.
Notice is hereby given that Frieda
Hellmann, Mary Scherer and Frieda He'll
mann, guardian. whose postoffce is Ida
ho Springs. Colorado. have made applica-
tion for a patent for 1,5O0 linear feet on
the
EMMA LODE
bearing gold and silver. the same being
LOCO feet N. So 26' f. and 800 feet S. So
26 w. from discovery shaft thereon with
surface ground $50 feet in width. situate
in Coral Mining District. Clear Creek
county, state of Colorado. and described
in the plat and field notes on file in this
office follows. viz: Beginning at Cor
No. !. whence the N. w. Cor Sec. 3 T. 4
S, r. 70 w. of the 9Th p. M, bears n. 81
So w. 2696.4 it; the w, 4 Cor. Sec. >. T.
4 s.. r. 73 w. of the 9Th P. NJ. bears S.
80 53' 40'' w. l266.sS #; thence n. $50 26' E.
1900 #. to Cor. No. 2; thence S. 340 81 E
$50 it. to Cor. No. g. thence S. So 26' W.
1900 IT. TO Cor No. A: thence N. 34' S4 W.
$50 II. to Cor No. 1, the place of begin
ming.
Containing 5165 acres. and forming a
portion of the N. y of Sec. 5. TWP. 4 s.
range 70 w. of the 6th principal merid-
ian. Said location being recorded in Vol
155 page 597. of the records of Clear
Creek county. Colorado.
Adjoining claimants. none known
c. D. FORD. Register
First publication May 81. 1902.
Last publication August 2 1902
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1902-10-20
gi,,a,lciaI.
NEW YORK STOCK MARK Ell.

Opening, Highest, Lowest Quotation
Following are the closing prices reported
by Prince & Whitley, bankers ana brokers,
90 Broadway, New York, and is Center
street street, New Haven:
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1902-10-20

perience at Pratt institute and has done
advanced biological work at the Woods
Hole laboratory after graduating from
the institute of technology; Miss Alice
N. Dixie daughter of the Rev. DR.. Sam
uel w. Dixie of Auburnda'e, secretary
of the divorce reform leaguel, a grad
uate of Smith in 'S6, who, after teach
ing science and mathematics four years
at Robinson academy at Exeter N. H,
took further study at the institute aof
technology and the school of house
keeping; and Miss Grace Godfrey, a
Wellesley college girl, who studied sci
ence four years at Pratt institute and
has taught it in the Holyoke high
school. Miss Mary E. Robbins of
Brookline is head of the library depart
ment. Miss Florence M. Smell has
charge of the English department.
George E. Barton of Boston firm of
architects will give lectures on house
buildings. Physics, history and mod
ern languages will be taught by three
institute professors, namely, Wendell,
Currier and Rambeau, respectively.
Other departments will also be supplied
from the Iech llSL OF INSTRUCTORS. LII.
Sarah A. Bond, the physical examiner
at Radcliffe, will lecture on physiology
and hygiene, Chemistry, biology and
bacteriology will be taken by the Sim
mons students in. the same classes with
the men students at Tech" Miss
Charlotte T. Lester will be matron of
Simmons hall. President Lefavour
feels greatly pleased by the suspicious
ness of the opening, and the outlook is
that Simmons college will find a mis-
sion and will fill a genuine need among
young women of the time,-Boston Let
ter to Springfield Republican.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1902-10-20
Closing Prices.

Following are the closing prices reported
by Prince s. Whitley, Bankers and Brokers,
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1902-10-20

n. Y. n. H. Con. As. :. 1903 224 ..
n. 7. & n. 81. Con. As. -. 1908 225 $50
n. T., II. Fl. G. H. Deb. 4si947 Ii6g lis
NY, Prov. & Boston As. 1912 100 :.
n. II. & w. Haven LIST IS. 1912 HOY -.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1902-10-20

alcohol is a good thing to preserve
some things" remarked the Observer
of Events and Things, but it will not
preserve order. Workers Statesman.
us your son gifted in any way?"
asked the visitor Il should say he is"
answered Mrs. CorntosseI. About ev-
erything he has was given him by us"
Washington Star.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1902-10-20

Furnished by Kimberly. Root & Day, Bank
eEs and Brokers, 1888 Orange Street.
BANK STOCKS.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1902-10-20

MISCELLANEOUS BONDS.
Tina RID Aztaf
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1902-10-20
Tle Union Trust COMPANY
NEW HAVEN,

CHARTERED by the State of Connect,.
cut with authority to act as Executor. Ad.
ministrator, Guardian, Receiver or Trustee.
under will or deed.
Is legal depository. Of money paid into
Court and all Public Trust Funds, Acts ar
Trustee for Municipalities, Corporations
and individuals, and administers trusts OF
all kinds. Empowered to act as registrar Of
stocks, bonds, or other evidence Of indeht.
edness, manage sinking funds, and do n
business such as is usually done by Iruss
Companies.
It also does a general Banking business.
eeiyes deposits, Inc principal Of each trust
10 invested by itself and kept separate and
apart from the general assets Of the Coms
pany.
ined by the Bank Examiner Of the State OF
HENRY L. HoTcHKIss, President.
EUGESE S. BRISTOL. TrsaknSae.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1902-10-20
Government Bonds.
Bid. Asked.
Cotton.

Reported over the private wire Of j. L. Nc.
Lean & Co.. rs Broad street. New York:
New Haven office $40 Chapel street. Hu.
binger Building. Norman A. Tanner.
manager.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
CLEWS' WEEKLY REVIEW

New York, Oct. 13-RailrOad earn
ings continue to show remarkable
gains; partly a result of heavy west
bound traffic, which usually commands
high freight rates. Net earnings,
however, are frequently not so satis-
factory as last year; the higher cost
CT materials. the increased cost of op-
Grating and the advances in wages all
making heavy inroads into profits.
Very likely the railroads are not the
only concerns feeling the effects of
these tendencies. There are other
lines of enterprise making large earn
1ngs in which profits have reached
their zenith for the time being. The
coal strike has become a depressing
Factor in the market, not SO much for
Its effect upon the coal shares as for
the important questions involved. The
threatening attitude of labor and the
Sharpening of issues between monopo-
lies OF capital and monopolies of
labor are likely to have a serious de-
terrent effect upon all sorts of new
enterprises. unless an early settle
ment Of the coal strike is forthcoming.
lhe almost certain projection of these
issues into the coming elections and
the inevitable raising of a new set of
economic problems with which the
country is not yet prepared to deal are
certain to have depressing effect up
on all lines OF business 1t is FORUM
ate that the country is still enjoying
great commercial and industrial ac-
tlvlty. and tl.at general conditions are
sound; but it would be folly to over
Look that a new set of influences are
coming into prominence which will
have to be seriously reckoned with in
business affairs us well as in politics.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
His Solemn Oath.

A popular comedian tells a story of
q waiter at London restaurant who
was sadly given to drink. A party of
young men determined to reform him,
and one day they read to him an imag-
mary para agraph from paper relating
terrible accident in which an inebri-
ate in blowing out candle was killed
by the fame igniting the alcoholic
fumes of his breath. James pricked
up his ears at this and requested that
the paragraph might be read to him
again, which was done, to the evident
horror of the poor man, who imme-
diately went in search of a Bible.
Returning with this. he expressed a
desire to take solemn oath upon it.
bemoaned the fact that he had been a
sorry tippler and was bringing himself
to ruin and then swore that never
again so long as he lived would he at
tempt to blow out candle.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
PRICE FIVE CENTS.
THE HABIT OF LYING.
Ways In Which Prevarication May
Be Developed.

Ways In Which Preyarication May
Be Developed.
How does one become liar-that is
to say, how does the child discover a
lie and habitually make use of it?
We can admit that at the beginning
there is absolute sincerity. The child
through all it's first years neither lies
nor dissimulates. Its sentiments, its
desires, translate themselves into words
and into acts. Its body is the constant
and perfect expression of its inmost
being. Such is the starting point-sin-
cerity, absolute transparency.
There is a multitude of little lies
tolerated which we. treat as pardon
able. We tell the domestic to say we
are not at home when we are; we com
pliment people to their faces and crit
icise them whel1 they are gone; we say
we are happy to see some one and di-
rectly after speak of having been an
noyed. No more is necessary. The ex-
ample has been given.
We lie to the child himself. We are
pressed by his many embarrassing
questions and in order to free ourselves
from the embarrassment reply with
what is frequently a falsehood Some
fine day he discovers the truth, and the
evil is done, The gravest case is when
the child is taken as an accomplice in a
lie or when his mother tells him,
"Above all, do not tell this to your
papa" This is the ruin of all morality.
The third stage is the first encounter
Of the child with society, the first
shock with social life. The child who
tells all he knows, sees and hears, alt
that he would better have left unsaid,
is called the "enfant terrible" His
parents do not tell him to lie, but they
tell him 1t is not necessary to tell all
he thinks. This is extremely serious.
as it teaches the child that he cannot
show himself as he is. This is the
revelation of the lie obligatory. Above
all, among his comrades he quickly
learns to dissimulate, because if he is
naive-expresses all his joys, pains, de-
sires-they make sport Of him: nay,
worse, they abuse his confidence; the
hopes, projects which he has confided
to them he some day sees used against
him.
Thus the impossibility of living with
out lying is revealed to him. Society
excuses certain forms of lying which
are inspired by feeling of politeness,
modesty, shame.
The child becomes liar because all
the world about him lies The distinc-
ton between the liar and the man of
sincerity is only relative There are in
reality only two categories-those who
content themselves with the lies exact
ed by social life and those who have
habituated themselves to lying more
than society wishes. to lie because Of
some personal interest.
An important cause in the develop
ment of lying in children is the en-
ployment Of excessive and i'll advised
punishments. The child who becomes
liar is the one who lives in perpetual
terror of reproaches. humiliation or
strokes. The lie for him is supreme
resource.-Chicag Tribune.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13

as uniformed SMOKERS say.
strength" The lightest of all cigars
are yellowish brown. They are called
claros.. Next in order come the colora-
do claros, which are darker brown,
and then come the colorados, which
are about midway between black and
yellow. After the colorados come the
colorado maduros, which are a dark
brown, and then the maduros, which
are well nigh black. Formerly another
color was in vogue. This was the os-
euro, and it was shiny black. But of
late the fashion has been for light
cigars, and the word oscuro has almost
dropped out Of use.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
FLAG LANGUAGE.

- ID, ..
The black flag is a sign Of piracy.
To "strike the fag'' is to lower the
colors in submission. g.. .,.
Dipping the flag is lowering it slight.
ly and hosting it again to salute q yes.
sci or fort. w. 10y ,'..
The yellow flag shows a vessel to be
in quarantine or is sign Of conta.
gious disease.
A flag of truce is white flag dis,
played to an enemy to indicate desire
for parley or consultation.
The red flag in our service is a mark
Of danger and shows vessel to be re-.
ceiving or dischargjng her powder.
A flag at half mast means mourning.
Fishing and other vessels return with
the flag at half mast to announce the
loss or death of some of their crew.
Flags are used as the symbol of rank
and command, the officers using them
being called flag officers" Such flags
are square to distinguish them from
other banners. s, ~ .l,. e.,
The white flag is a sign of peace.
After a battle parties from both sides
often go out to the field to rescue the
wounded or bury the dead under the
protection of the white flag.
II the president of the United States
goes aboard, the American flag is car
ried In the bow of his barge or hoisted
at the mast of the vessel on board of
which he ts.- New Education.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
MINNEAPOLIS.
MINNEAPOLIS CASH,
DULUTH CASH.
CATTLE MARKET.

Chicago, Oct. 13.-Receipts, $4,000,
including 1000 westerns; closing
best hold firm, others easy. Beeves,
81 .00@$S. go; Texas steers, So. 300
4.25; cows and heifers, 81. .5O@$4 rs;
stockers and feeders, 50. 2.5O@$5. 15;
westerns, So. 70@$6. 25.
SHEEP MARKET.
Chicago, Oct 13.-Receipts, 5000;
closing lower-dull and very weak ex-
cept for best native sheep. Native
sheep, So o. rs; lambs, $1,000
IS. 40; western sheep, 81. .25@$3. 10;
western lambs. So. 5O@$5. 10.
HOG MARKET.
Chicago, Oct 13.-Receipts, 10000;
left over, 1920; estimated for tomor-
row, $4,000; closing active 10 to 15<
higher; light, $6. 6.50@$7 .25; mixed
Sc. 75@$7. 80; heavy, sG.55@$7 As;
rough, Sc. .55@$6.75.
Kansas City Receipts-hogs, 5000
Omaha Receipts-hogs 10000.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
BRAIN WORK..
It's Effect upOn the Body and the
Kind OF Food 1t Demands.

It's Effect unon the Body and the
Kind Of Food 1t Demands.
The. changes of tissue in the brain
that take place during study and
thought are very important and very
rapid. 1t has been estimated that three
hours of brain work cause as great an
exhaustion Of the forces Of the body as
an entire day of manual labor.
This waste must be replaced by
abundant food, but it's selection re-
quires careful consideration and often
self denial, for many things which the
physical worker can eat with perfect
impunity are slow poison to the brain
worker, who exercises the brain at
the expense of the body and rarely
gives the latter sufficient exercise to
counteract the mental strain and keep
it in condition to resist disease. Bear
in mind that, while the waste of the
body is much more rapid, the depriva-
tion of physical exercise encourages
torpidity Of the voluntary functions
and renders them sluggish in efminat-
ing these wastes; therefore it is of the
posed upon them should be light.
Brain workers require the most con-
centrated and easily digested foods.
They should eat fresh beef and NUT
ton, fish, eggs-cooked In many forms,
but never hard boiled or fried-oysters
and crisp salads, lettuce, chicory, toma-
toes, watercress, ETC., with mayonnaise
or French dressing. They should begin
the day with fruit and make it form
the principal part Of luncheon and be
very sparing in their use Of cereals,
eschewing entirely white bread and
oatmeal. Their ideal luncheon, which
must be light If they continue to work
in the afternoon, is glass Of milk o.
cup of hot chocolate or, better still, a
glass Of fresh buttermilk, with two or
three graham waters or a bit of toast
and some fruit, an apple, figs or an Or
ange.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
Peach Stones,

Peach stones will make quick, hot
fire and one that will last. One and
a half or two buckets of peach stones
will last as long as bucket of coal
One has to, be careful not to fill the
stove too full or there will likely be an
explosion similar to gasoline explo-
sion. The proper way to keep the fire
going is to put in shovelful at time.
'Peach stones thrown into damp Gel
lar" said one who has used them. ARE
said to have a peculiar effect on q per-
son. After the stones are in a cellar
for time gases arise, and the fumes
will 60 to ones head and give the
same effect as if the distilled product
Of the peach had been imbibed."-Bal-
timore Sun. ~.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
But Not With the Line

He had Eshed up the stream and
down the stream and used flies, paste,
worms and every other form of bait
that the ingenuity Of man could de-
wise, but without result. and as he
Wended his way homeward at the
close of the day his temper was high
and his fish basket empty. Still, there,
was no occasion to publish the latter
fact to the whole world, so when he
met friend by the way the following
dialogue ensued:
Been fshing?"
eyes,
Had good days sport?'
eyes,
"What did you catch?
'sThe 6:30."-Answers.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
Didn,t Want TOO Much.

A Lone Star State man tells the fol-
lowing story of a negro baptizing in
Texas:
An old negro preacher did the hon
ors, and the candidate for baptism was
q coal black negro woman. The preach
er led his victim far out into the stream,
where she could be thoroughly i'm
mersed, and at the auspicious moment
he cried in a loud voice:
Be stiddy, sister, be stiddy, and
you'll cum up Whitah den snow!
oh, parson," she exclaimed, .'dat's
askin' too much; cream colouhIl
do!"-New York Times.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
. TRIVIAL; YET POTENT.
the Tyranny of the Small and thu
Helplessness of Mankind.

the Tyranny of the Small and the
Helplessness Of Mankind.
The tyranny of littleness' is the
cruel despotism not of one master, but
Of multitude of small ones. Witness
the ironclad sway which any sovereign
ruler Of the kitchen may WELD over a
helpless household. What happiness or
misery is bestowed lightly by one who
turns a toaster or brews a pot of cof-
fee!
We are all slaves to milliners and
tailors. The milkman holds us helpless
in his clutches. The chore man orders
us about. The maid of all work beck
ons, and we follow. We bow and
scrape before the naughty plumber.
\ We who would strike down mon
archs and measure swords with min
listers Of finance, what sorry figures
we cut in the community if sighted by
the laundrymen! We scarce can hold
our own against surly railway por-
ter, and it is but by the courtesy of
Master Boots that we emerge from
our hotel apartment. And who shall
stand before the overwhelming power
vested in an offended waiter? We
cannot even mount trolley car if the
conductor and motorman choose to ig-
more us.
The man who rules the Stock Ex-
change cannot rest at night because an
infants voice banishes dreams. He is
victim to the insect world Who
will abolish the tyranny of flies and of
mosquitoes? -1ss H. g,
Behold the tyranny Of horses, dogs
and cats, to which the great majority
of mortals submit without a murmur.
What master is as exacting as a tight
shoe or torturing collar? A parrot
or a pet canary can sadly try mems
souls! Yes. things are in the saddle
and ride mankind"
Who will do justice to the tyranny
of the deprayed inanimate taskmasters?
A diamond necklace changes the his
tory Of empires. A courtiers cloak
may pave the way to royal favor A
glove, a handkerchief. glass slipper,
what things to conjure with! Slaves
of the lamp! Slaves of the ring! VI
All, the supremacy Of trivi:l things,
that one real tyranny to wa we all
bow down! Is there no hope that we
may some day throw off the heavy.
yoke? Well 10 1t for us to mediate
upon this vital problem which touches
each SO closely And as we mediate
we may grow wise enough to l,reak
some Of the multitudinous shackels
that hold US spiritless and helpless in
the power Of the arch tyrant. Little
Things. - Caroline Tcknor in Brandur
Magazine u
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
March Of Reiinement.

'sNow that ! think Of it, remarked
the passenger with the skullcap, there
used to be little place on this lire
they called Kiss Station, but It must
be something else now. II haven't
heard the conductor cali It ont. z i
We're pretty close to 1t, Il think, z
replied the passenger with the goatee.
"But IT isn't Kiss Station any more.
They've changed the name. but re-
tained the idea. It's now''
Happy Junction. bawied ont the
conductor as the train slackened Its
speed for the next stop Chicago Trib.
une- atss N i III.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
An InsinuatiOn.

Doris-Yes, she was furious about
the way in which that paper reported
her marriage. ....
Helen-Did it allude to her age?
Doris-Indirectly. 1t stated that
Miss Olde and Mr.. Yale were mar
ried, the latter being well known col
lector of antiques. Chicago News.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
Vvrs~ss~- :

Mrs. Bjones-Your husband, I hear.
is quite versatile.
Mrs. Brown-Smythe- Is no
name for it. Why, he can actually
stay out late every night in the week
and not give the same excuse twice
Philadelphia RECORD.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13

And Yet He Has Plenty of sand.
The average boy is like an hourglass.
He won't work for more than sixty
minutes unless somebody turns him up.
side down. Somerville Journal.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
Proud.

II want you to understand, sir,
that my pride forbids me to accept
anything from you after marry your
daughter" @
How are you going to hive? r.
a well, ] thought you might make
some kind Of a settlement before
hand. Life.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
Body Found In the River,

Sioux City, Ia, Oct. 1.-THE mys-
terry which surrounded the strange
disappearance Of Mrs. r. F. Burns, a
leading Sioux City musician, on last
Friday night, has been solved by the
finding of her body In the Sioux river
1t is believed death was accidental.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
Recently Acau,red..

Tom--By George, old man, that's
stunning girl who just bowed to you.
Who is she?
Jack Ny sister.
Tom-Your sister! Since when?
Jack Since last night. Chicago
News.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13

The spoon fs very ancient and many
hne specimens are in existence that
were used by the Egyptians in the sew
antaanfh eaIstnsr X g.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
The Good Time Coming.

the GOOd T1me COmIng.
Jerry" said Fleharty, 'phwat is the
m'anin' Of this worrud 'millinnium 2 4 Z
sTt names that glad time a-comin',"'
said Jerry. "whin livery man will be
his own boss an shtuck on his job. .'--t
indianapolis News, w
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
THE MARKETS.

Opening, Range and Close of Grain
Prices at Minneapolis, Chicago and
Duluth.
Furnished by Coe Commission Co., First
National Bank building, who have direct wires
TO Minneapolis. Duluth and Chicago.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13

Bismarck Chapter. No. II, O.. e. s.
Meets first and third Fridays In each month
at Masonic hail. Dakota Block. Margaret
Hare. w. M. Hattie Shelton, Secretary.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
SECRET SOCIETIES.
MASONIC.

Bismarck Lodge, A. F. & A.. NJ, No. 5.
Meets first, and third Mondays IN each
month at Masonic hall. Henry =. Reade,
w. M. w. F. Cochrane Secretary.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-10-13
BROTHERHOOD OF AMERICAN YEo-

.'T T. o. @. F. s'-..r...g.s
Capital City Lodge No. Meets every
Friday at MCGOWAN hail at 8 O'clock p. M.
Chas. e. Murrell, N. G.; Frank ]. Burt. Sec'y.