The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1901-1903, 1902-10-10


to assist hu energy in performing
great undert 8ngs probably&he most
wonderful al the monster staAm shoy-
els. A numDers Of these giants with
their arms of Steel and tireless mus
cles, have been in service for years
past, but the increasing variety of uses
TO which the steam shovel has lately
been adapted has directed an increag-
ing degree Of attention to this import
ant family OF time-saying and labor
saving machines. simultaneously new
demands have been made upon the
manufacturers, and the new recruits
in the army of inanimate shovellers
are each fully one-third heavier and
correspondingly more powerful than
the old type.
Already these machines have some
surprising achievements to their credit
in making excavations for railroads
and canals. Thus far, however, one of
the principal uses of the steam shovel
has been that of handling raw material,
such as coke, coal and limestone; un-
loading from raiI DAD cars. transferring
from stock piles to furnaces, etc.
Practically all of the steam shovels
in use throughout the country are of
one general type. Inasmuch as the.
shoveIs are designed for almost con-
tinuous service at the hardest kind of
work, and, from the nature of things
and the mdeveloped portion Of the
country in which they are often en-
ployed. must not only be subjected to
al kinds OF weather, but also receive
but scant care, every effort is made to
have them OF staunch construction
in short. as nearly unbreakable as pos
sible. In the construction of the up
to-date steam shoyels there are en-
ployed Steel beams, steel and iron forg-
ings and steel plates and castings
Comparatively little cast iron is used
in any part Of tho machine. even the
gearing being OF cast steel and the
shafting OF hammered steel The parts
are joined with a filing Of white oak
To manipulate the monster scoop
that does as much shovelllng as a force
of 100 men naturally requires consider
able power and this is furnished by
half a dozen engines. There are a pair
Of swinging engines, a pair Of revers-
ing engines and pair of thrdsting en-
gines, so that every melton of the pom
derous shovel is accurately controlled.
rhe water tank connected with the
shovel and the storage bin for fuel are
of sufficient capacity TO enable The
largest size shovel to be in operation
continuously for fully eight hours.
There is wide range in the size of
the scoops or buckets, of steam shovels
according 10 the work for which they
are intended. In some instances
shovel is fitted with a bucket which
will not hold more than one or two
tons, but as rule the capacity is such
that from four to eight tons OF mater
iaI are lifted at every scoop Of the tre-
mendous metal arm
Steam shovels. in order that they
may be moved quickly and economical
ly from place to place. are mounted up
on extra heavy trucks that are of
standard gauge and in the main, very
similar to those which support the larg-
est freight ears. II is thus equipped to
travel as the railroad cars in the load
ing and unloading of which it may be
engaged, or ii it is desired to transfer
the shovel from one place to another it
may be hauled as an ordinary freight
car.
One Of the remarkable attributes OF
the modern steam shovel is the ability
OF the great, ungainly machine to lift
masses Of material above its head so
to speak. Almost any of the steam
shoYeis now in use will dump ma
terial Is or II feet above the
level of the rails on which the shovel
stands, and some of them, which have
exceptionally long arms. will lift the
huge dippers 20 fee, or more above
the track. As might be expected it is
necessary when constructing a machine
which is to perform such work as this
&c provide every possible safeguard
against the constant wrenching and
twisting which are inevitable. particu-
larly when the dipper is operated rap
idly. To minimize the strains it is the
custom to place cushions OF wood be-
tween the steel parts Of the machine
Probably the most interesting steam
shovels in the world are 10 be found
on the 'Mesaba Range, one of the five
districts which go to make the Lake
Superior mining region. Here they rem
der possible in its present scale OF mag
nitude the so-called "open-pit mining,
the shovelling of iron ore directly from
its natural resting place in the earth
to the railroad ears which are to carry
it TO market. An ~open-pit' mine is
nothing more or less than an immense
hole in the ground perhaps half mile
square. Into this railroad sidings are
run as they might be into a vast
quarry, and in some of these mines,
where fully million tons of ore is
taken out each year, there is in opera
tion simultaneously anywhere from
half dozen to dozen of the large
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