davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1902-06-27
THE HOLY CITY,
Jerusalem Still Resembles Great For.
tress Of the Middle Ages.

Jerusalem Still Resembles Great For
tress Of the Middle Ages.
Jerusalem is literally "builded upon
it's own heap" Below the houses,
courts and paved streets of the present
unkempt city are the distinguishabl,
remains Of eight older cities-those Of
Solomon, Nehemiah, Herod, Hadrian,
Constantine, Omar, Godfrey, Saladin,
Suleman, writes Walter Williams from
the "Holy City" to his paper in Co.
lumbia, Mo. Jerusalem has been be-
sieged twenty-seven times, a record Of
vicissitude unparalleled in the history
of the worlds cities. It has been burn
ed, sacked, RACED to the ground, it's in
habitants of every faith put to the
sword, all the woes uttered by it's own
prophets against it have come to pass.
yet Jerusalem still resembles a great
fortress of the middle ages. Seen from
the Mount Of Olives, it's massive gray
walls, it's dat-roofed houses, it's
mosques and churches with their con-
spicuous towers and minarets, present
a marvellous picture, beautiful, SUBJ
lime, unfading, from the picture gal
lery Of the mind. The city itself has
narrow, dirty streets-the water SUD-
ply for it's 10000 people comes in a
four-inch pipe-the open courts are few
and small, the houses are punched to-
gether with no regard for room or
cleanliness. Some houses are under
ground and others on top Of the high
inclosing walls. The people are fanati-
cal, ignorant, selfish. There is much
to detract from the ideal city, but de-
spite all this and more Jerusalem from
the Mount Of Olives is the same in it's
essential details, the same in the frame
work Of it's setting, the same in fasci-
mating suggestion, as the Jerusalem Of
which David sang, and over which Je-
Sis went.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1902-06-27

communicating with q condenser into
which rush of cold water is continu-
ally passing, so SIS to condense all the
steam or vapor that arises from the
boiling liquor. The water which is
continually rushing into the condenser
is as steadily withdrawn again by q
pump. There is thus q constant va
CUM in the pan, and consequently
the liquid will boil at a much lower
temperature than it would in the open
air OF pan. By the time the vacuum
pan is full the contents have thickened
by the formation of crystals Of sugar
into a mass the consistency Of thick
cruel. This is drawn off into q heater
and kept merely warm until it can be
run into pots to cool and complete
specialization. The residuum is boil
ed and reboiled, making the different
lower grades Of sugar. The result of
this process is raw sugar, which must
be refined in order to make the sugar
Of commerce.
Sugar re6neries are built eleven or
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1902-06-27

greatest pressure that can be brought
only from two to four times per min
ute From 100 pounds of cane, IS or
Is pounds of cane juice will be ex-
pressed. The juice, which is of
sWeetish taste, and Of the color Of
dirty water, passes direct from the
mill to reservoir, where it usually re-
ceives a small dose of quicklime, and
without delay runs off to large iron or
copper vessels, heated either by fire
underneath or by steam pipes in the
liquid. The scum rising to the top is
skinned off or the liquid is drawn off
at the bottom. The concentration of
the juice is partly effected in a series
Of large, hemispherical iron pans set
in Il row with Il large fire under the
one at the end. This one fire. which
runs along under the rows of pans is
sufficient to heat the juice in the dis
tant pans and to increase the heat as
the pans near the source of heat, until
the first two OF three boil and the first
one seethes and foams violently. The
juice is gradually drawn from one pan
to another until it reaches the pan in
which the greatest degree of heat is
| found. After the concentration has
been carried to a given point and all
the scum has been got rid of, the ap-
! plication Of high heat is suspended,
and the liquor, now Of the color Of port
Vine, and of the consistency of oil, is
Drawn into a vacuum pan, where the
concentration is completed at the low
est possible temperature
The vacuum pan is made of copper
OF a spherical form. The bottom is
double, leaving a space Of an inch or
two for the admission Of steam be-
tween the two bottoms, and there is
generally long coil Of copper pipe of
three or four inches diameter above
the inner bottom, so as to still further
Increase the amount of heating sur.
face. This apparatus Is made perfect
" air and steam tight. Leading from
the upper dome there is large pipe
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1902-06-27
: WILD BEASTS IN A POCKET.
corra1led by Ranchmen in Arizona ,,, "a, and
Ruth1essly Slaughtered, T'"s''9 =

Corralled by Ranchmen in Arizona and
Ruthlessly Slaughtered. :
" For several months past the noun
tain lions, bears and wolves. that
abound in some parts Of Arizona have
been playing sad havoc with the stock
on the ranch Of Colin Campbell in Co.
,chise county. With 10000 cattle on the
range, the heavy losses in calves and
yearlings by the ravages Of the wild
animals have cut down the dividends
of the stock company which owns the
range. - J..
"Charley" Montgomery, famous :: all
over Arizona as hunter and who was
chief of scouts under General Crook
during the trouble with the Apaches:
WAS engaged to exterminate the ami
mails which have been raiding the
herds. Montgomery engaged 100 men
of the Pima tribe and held big round
up of the "varmints."
Early in the morning his Indians and
q score of cowboys surrounded dis
trict five miles square in the foothills If
the Chiricahua range and gradually
closed in toward the center, with 200
dogs in the rodeo. AS they reached the
center of the circle catamounts, black
bears, coyotes and an occasional griz-
Fly bear tried to break through the line,
but were met by a shower Of bullets.
Dozens Of animals persisted in the at
tempt to escape, but 200 others were
finally cornered in a box canyon, while
redskins and cowpunchers picked them
off from the rocks above.
There were scores Of close conflicts
with the enraged and frightened brutes,
and In one melee four Indians were
fearfully mangled by grizzly before
their shots finally finished the bear.
One Of the reds, Antonio Hermo, for.
mer chief Of the tribe, received fatal
wounds from the claws Of big fellow.
The dogs closed in on the victims and
dozens Of them were killed before the
slaughter was complete. The final
count showed nineteen dead mountain
lions, five grizzlies, two lynxes and owe,
100 coyotes the biggest
roundup Of wild animals that has ever
occurred in Arizona.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1902-06-27
refining inauen: c upon one Of the
worlds great products.

refining induen 70 upon one Of the
worlds great products.
The sugar Of commerce is obtained
from the juice OF the sugar cane, 4
genus OF the grasses, which is found
chiefly in tropical and sub-tropical re-
glons, and is also obtained from spe-
cies of the beet root which is cult
waited for the purpose extensively
abroad. and Of late years to a consider
able and constantly increasing extent
III some portions Of the United States.
AS matter of fact, the worlds annual
production of beet sugar is much larger
than the production of cane sugar.
Cane sugar is the kind in common
use, or at least is supposed to be, and
as cane sugar IS entitled to Drece-
dence on account Of age, it should first
receive attention.
Limited Area of Sugar Grov;r,
Sugar cane is not cosmopolitan r.
is rarely found at all, and never in
profitable condition. north of latitndo
81 degrees north, or south Of latitude
NcS lCSN oclltL. Lie CtluC-DrOUuris, n
countries are Cuba, Java, the Initial
States, the Philippine Islands, Brozi,
the Hawaiian Islands, Mauritius. De-
marara, Egypt. Barbados, Peru, Porto
Rico, Trinidad. Gualaloupe, Reunion
Martinique, Jamaica and the Lessee,
Antilles.
During slave days in the West Indies
and III the South orn States Of America
hand hoeing was universal. but the
plow is now very generally used when
the nature OF the ground permits. The
best varieties are ready for cutting in
about ten months from the time OF
planting. but other varieties require
from twelve to twenty months to de-
velop. When the canes are fully ripe
they are cut little above the ground
ind tied in bundles to be conveyed tc
the mill. Fresh canes spring from the
root, so that the plantation does not
require to be renewed for several
years; but the canes Of the first cror
are the largest, and gradual decrease
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1902-06-27

sugar, and the heat being gradually
raised, the albumen of the blood coagu-
lated and rose to the surface in the
form of thick scum, bringing with
1t nearly all the mechanical impurities
floating in the fluid. Now the same re-
suit is obtained by an air blast which
stlrs the fluid in huge tanks called
"blow-ups.'
Two methods of liberation are en-
ployed. The older method is to pass
the hot liquid into cloth bags. These
filters are made of very closely woven
cotton cloth capable of retaining the
minutest particle of mechanical i'm
purity. In order to facilitate the pas
sage of the fluid through these filters
they are suspended in an iron closet
and subjected to an atmosphere Of
steam. The other, and later, method.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1902-06-27
q L1GHrEsr WOOD THAT CROWS. I.
Found in Missouri and it is Considerably
e. Lighter Than Cork. e

Deep in the bogs and swamps Of
Southeastern Missouri, in Dunklin: and
Butler counties, where the land is never
drv and water from one to six feet deep
stands perpetually, in the forests, there
.tives know it qssthe lockwood, or cork,
tree. Science has. given it d longer name.I
the Leitneria toridana. foridana be-
cause it was first discovered in Florida
along the coast, from which it has long
specimens of It, two to six feet high: are
still found in the swamp near Appa-
lachicola, Fla, and few near Warner.
Ark, but in both these places it is ex-
ceedingly limiteds in numbers, an occa-
sional specimen being found, and hardly
rises to the dignity Of tree. Only in
height Of fifteen to twenty feet and a
diameter Of two to five inches, is it really
a tree.
What makes the corkwood so remark
able is it's exceeding lightness. Beyond a
doubt it is, as William Trelease of the
the lightest tree in weight that grows. It's
wood weighs less than cork. 1t is so light
that the natives use it to make floats for
their fishing nets. And yet it's wood,
though so spongy that one may easily
sink ST ones finger nail in it, is far tougher
IAaA CoiN. 1ue SPECIFIC gravity or cork
wood, as learned from careful tests made
by Prof. Nipher in St. Louis, is .2O7.
The roots. are even lighter than the stem:
a test showed them to have the astonish-
ingly low specific Of gravity Of ISL.
A further idea of the lightness Of the
lockwood may be gained by a compar-
ison with other woods. The great major
ity of woods range between 400 and
800. Cork itself is .24O. The tree that
approaches closest to the corkwood in,
lightness is the golden fir tree, which
and along the Indian river, Florida, its
specific gravity, according to Sargent, is
.2616. In coparison with the corkwood.
which is the lightest wood with its spe-
cifc gravity Of :207, may be placed the
heaviest wood known, the black iron
wood of Florida, whose specific gravity
is .1302.-Kansas City Star.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1902-06-27
Handmade Marbles.

In the city of Tacoma some scientific
sharps have discovered way to do in
two days what it has heretofore taken
nature million years to accomplish, ac-
cording to biologists. Gypsum is what
has been called for convenience "young
marble"-that is, if left to itself some
thousands or millions of years it would
are now shaping their gypsum with;
]athes and chisels-it is soft and easily
worked-and then subjecting it to a Sc
cret treatment which makes it really mar
BILE Of very high quality. The gypsum
is brought from mines in Alaska. 1t is
said to be exactly the same substance as
goes to form marble.-Savannah News.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1902-06-27

transparent and pure solution of sugar.
The charcoal can only be used for q
! rev days at a time, because it gradu-
any loses it's purifying power, but it
is taken out and returned and then ia
as good as ever.
Inc liquor as it flows from the char
coal filter is mixture of pure sugar
and pure water. The application Of
heat Is the only mode Of expelling the
water, and this unfortunately blackens
the sugar again. After being heated
IN vacuum pans, the sugar is run into
sugar-loaf forms. which, after cooling.
are carried to room warmed by steam
pipes. This warmth facilitates the
flow of the treacle or syrup to the aper-
ture at the bottom Of the form. To
get rid Of the coating of colored syrup
which still hangs about the crystals of
sugar, small quantity Of a saturated
solution OF pure white sugar is poured
on the top Of the form. This strong
liquid is unable to dissolve any more
sugar, but being more fluid than the
sticky coating Of syrup adhering to
the crystals, it mixes with the coatings
and makes them fluid enough to flow
down to the bottom of the form, leay-
Ing the crystals clear Of syrup and
coloring.
The liquor draining from the forms
is reboiled and forms loaves of inferior
grade, and the liquor drained from the
{e
low sugars.
crushed sugar is simply inferior
loaves crushed while soft and moist
The syrup which drains from refined
sugar is reboiled and constitutes the
golden drip" syrup sold in the stores.
Beet Sugar Process.
The process with beet sugar, which
is Of inferior sweetening quality, is
quite similar to that pursued with cane
sugar, except that the juice is treated
with lime or sulphuric acid to Clarity
1t, is strained through flannel, and the
filtered juice is mixed with limevater
beat up with the white Of egg. Beet
root gives about 10 per cent of sac
charlne matter as compared with the
IL per cent of cane sugar. The man.
gold-Wurtzel beet Is best for sugar
making. These dry details give an
idea of sugar refining The production
of sugar, the various stages of it's de-
velopment from cane to marketable
product, and the commerce in SUGAR
constitute prodigious industry. The
beet sugar production Of the world
amounts to 100000 tons annually.
while the production Of cane sugar
reaches an annual total Of 1890 600
tons. A fair proportion Of the worlds
output of raw cane sugar comes from
America, not to exceed 265,OOO tons
the cane sugar growing being confined
to the States Of Louisiana, Texas.
Florida and Mississippi, the first
named State producing all but 6,O00
tons Of it. The greatest cane sugar
country in the world is Cuba, with
$4,000 tons annually.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1902-06-27
The Secret Of Health in Old Age.

Sheperd, ILL.,, June 23d.-Sarah d.
Rowe Of this place is now - years of
age and just at the present time is en-
joying much better health than she
has for over 20 years. Her explana-
ton Of this is as follows:
"For many years past l have been
troubled constantly with severe Kidney
Trouble, my urine would scald and
burn when passing and I was very
miserable.
II am u years Of age and never ex-
pected to get anything to cure me, but
I heard Of Dodd's Kidney Pills and
thought it would do me no harm to try
them.
Il am very glad did so, for they
cured me Of the Kidney Disease and
stopped all the scalding sensations
when passing the urine.
II feel better now than I have for
twenty years.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1902-06-27

is to pump sawdust and bone black
into the filter to gather the foreign
matter, and then strain the ," fluid
through jute and cotton. After reheat-
ing the liquor is run through filters of
charred bone. These filters are iron
cylinders about six feet in diameter
and thirty feet high ordinarily, but in
the mammoth Havemeyer refinery in
Brooklyn is a char-flter containing
thirty tons Of bone charcoal. The dark
liquor percolates slowly through the
coarse powder. The result is that it
flows out at the bottom a perfectly
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1902-06-27
Feminine of "Hero."

The class was reciting and little John
ny Fellows was the last one on the line.
The teacher started with the head and
asked what was the feminine Of ''hero."
No. shook her head. 1t passed to No.
2. She missed it, and SO did No. g. As
it came nearer and nearer to Johnny he
became much excited, apparently know
ing the answer, and waved his hand
frantically.
"Well, JOHNNY" said the teacher at
last, Everybody has missed. Now, can
you tell me the feminine OF hero?"
"Shero!' shouted Johnny, exultingly.-
New York Tribune
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1902-06-27
Becoming Civilized.

All mills in Japan run day and night
and change hands at noon and midnight.
The vast majority of mill workers are
children. who work eleven hours at low
wages. In one mill at Osaka 1900 work
ers are under Is years Of age. and oper-
ate only 300 spindles. In this country
300 persons operate the same number
Pearson's Weekly.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1902-06-27

twelve stories high, and the raw sugar
Is first hoisted to the upper story,
where it Is diss olved in large tanks Of
hot water, care being taken to use as
little water for the purpose as posi-
bic. Formerly a quantity Of bullock's
blood was stirred into the solution of
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1902-06-27
Progress of the African Railway.

The Cape Of Cairo railway has been
completed as for as the Zambesi, where
a great steel bridge, having one span
of 500 feet, will carry the line across
the river at the Victoria falls. The
whole section from Bulawayo to the
Zambesi, 275 miles in length, or nearly
100 miles from Cape Town, is expected
to be open next year.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1902-06-27
Mental Variations.

If there is anything certain, it is that
no intelligent person will retain all the
same views at 30 that he held at 20,
or retain those at so that he held at 80.
Nor are thea mental variations to be
<deplored. Emerson says, '.Why should
you keep your head over your shoulder,
lest you contradict somewhat you have
stated in this or that public place?
Suppose you shou4u contradict your
self-what then? It seems to be a rule
of wisdom never to rely on your MEM
DRY alone, but ,ring the past for judg.
ment into the thousand-eyed present,
and live ever in new day"
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1902-06-27

The New Maitland the mistress
cooks some herself, does she? The
Cook-Oh, yis! But there's nawthinf
wasted-1 makes it over into Irish
steWs.-Puck.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1902-06-27

AT the suggestion of the Kaiser the
Royal Belgian Workman's Choral Soci-
ETY. will visit Berlin in October to give
serieS Of concerts
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1902-06-27

{. It is too bad that when anything IS.
as good as peas there Is only one
known way Of cooking them.
The evening times. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1895-1902, 1902-03-19
SOCIETY WOMEN TO
MAKE PILGRIMAGE
VIII journey Down to the
"Old Dominion"
Women Of T. F. VS. to Open Famous
Mansions to Colonial Danes
From the North.

NEW YORK, March 19.- TOHe Of New
Works exclusive set are abogt TO make
a pilgrimage to the shrines OF their an
cestOrs.
l. viii be a pilgrimage. by the bye, in
which the traditional sackcloth and ashes
VIII be replaced BY the dear delights
OF spring raiment and Easter bonnets,
in which colonial blood VIII undoubtedly
achieve the precedence desired, and in
which family records viii be duly search
I'd FOR their bearing upon national events
But the purpose. none the less, viii be
The thing and these latter-day wayfarers
have IL view not only visit to the scene
Of our country's beginners, but the reha-
Utilization Of historic memoir IS which time
and vandalism have well-nigh wiped out
They viii be known as the Old Dominion
Pilgrims. and their destination viii be
the plantations and towns along the
James River which fairly reek with his
tory and romance The circumstance that
lends an added interest TO the project
is the cooperation Of The proudest women
or the South and their cordial invitation
to their Northern sisters IN
hospitality Of the Co.
lowed D.
The evening times. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1895-1902, 1902-03-19
GIRLS VIOLIN CAMPAIGN.
Miss Greenup's Fame Brought Many
Marriage Offers.

LOUISVILLE, Ky. March 19.-Niss Lot
tie Greeuup. who is using her violin to
win votes for her father. a Democratic
candidate for Congress in TIE. First dis
trict, is only seventeen years old, but she
has had more prorysals of marriage in
the past two weeks than most women
have IN a lifetime.
Miss GreenUp has been ACCOMPANYING
hee father ia his canvass Of the district.
Before be spoke she played popular and
sentimental songs on her violin. much to
the delight Of the crowd. Immediately af-
ter this fact was published letters began
to come 20 Miss Greenup from al over the
country from men and boys who were
anxious to have her as a partner for life.
one man from Duluth asked her TO send
him a ticket. as he wanted to lose no
time in marrying her. He said he thought
they would have no trouble after they
were married. Miss GreenUp says she is
not in marrying mood at this time. She
wants 20 elect her father first.