davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Imperial press and farmer., 1902-05-10

lylnS III com pdrdllNelS compact body, in the section where the heat has been the greatest, is brought under cultivation, the change should be quite marked.
 EFFECT OF EVAPORATION
 Most of the million acres of land to be irrigated dip toward Salton basin, which has no outlet. It is, therefore, impossible that a drop of the water used in irrigation should escape the fate of being eventually taken up by the atmosphere through evaporation. A portion of the water is always lost through evaporation in the process of irrigation. Much of it is taken up by plants only to be given up to the at mosphere when the plants are cured or consumed. Anothe~ portion is carried outlet to the sea from this section, the drainage must itself end in evapora- ton. Tests made on the mountains of Southern California have shown that water loses in perpendicular depth from 4S to GO inches per annum through evaporation. While no tests have been made on the desert, the grea CT heat and absence of humidity in the atmosphere makes it certain that fully as great a power of evaporation exists here, and with capacity for carrying n no doubt that the atmosphere will properly attend to it's duties and make way with the 36 inches, or three acre feet, which will probably be used.
 It is matter of common knowledge that heat energy is consumed in trans forming water into vapor The cool splration and of the evaporation of water coming through the pores of an olla or water bag is a popular demon straton of this fact, and it can be presumed that much of the heat of the desert will be nullifed by the task of taking up more than hundred billions
 
 dent that the absorption of warm ir- rigation water will tend to carry heat into the ground, to be radiated through the nights and winters.
 Taking these facts into con>idera- tion, it is impossible to avoid the con- clusion that as the work of redeeming the desert proceeds there will be d modification of the temperature of the desert, raising the minimum and low ering the maximum temperature.
 Nor does there seem to be any danger of increa sing the humidity of the atmosphere to all uncomfortable degree by this evaporation, for the at mosphere will contain but about one half of the amount of moisture which it is known to readily absorb, as shown by the experiments alluded to above.
 EFFECT ON WIND
 There is pronounced effect on at mospheric currents produced by the heat of the desert, resulting in an all most continuous breeze and frequent winds of uncomfortab ble, but not de structive, power. This is, of course, produced by the reflected heat so warming the atmosphere that it be comes lighter than the colder belt of atmosphere surrounding the desert country, and the cooler air comes
Imperial press and farmer., 1902-05-10

country there IS d great uedl OI SpSCu- lation regarding the changes which the cultivation of the soil will produce on the climate, and while il is probable that changes of this kind are always produced. they are usually of so slight d character al to be barely noticeable. But in the reclamation of the Colorado desert, including the Imperial country, Indio. and the lands along the Color ado river and on the Arizona side of the river more than million acres of land are to be irrigated. Should there be used OH all average three acre feet of water. it implies that 120. GOO, 100000 cubic feet of water will be carried away in the atmosphere each year, quantity of moisture which can well raise the question if the climate of Arizona. New Mexico and Texas will not undergo material change, while the evaporation seems certain to in some degree change the temperature of this section.
 Along this line there is ground for an interesting study. When three million acre feet of water is used for irrigation in this section each year, every drop being taken up by the at mosphere eventually, will not vast quantities of it fall in Arizona, there be used a again in irrigation and again be taken up by the atmosphere, and the process be continued until the ardity of the Southwest is practically destroyed?
 LOCAL. CLIMATIC STATUS
 The climate of the arid Southwest is of more than local interest. It is one of three regions in the world which has a mean temperature in the heat of summer of 95 degrees. The other two regions are the African deserts and the desert country of the Euphrates, and there is great similarity between the three regions.
 As for the Colorado desert, there is a considerable range of temperature, not only from season to season, but from day to night. This is due to the lack of the power to absorb and radi- ate heat by the soil in it's virgin state. The soil has all almost glaSsy surface, due to the thin shell of earth which covers 1t, and this being almost white and practically barren of vegetation, the suns rays are not absorbed by the earth, but are reflected back into the atmosphere, tending to increase the temperature while the sun shines, and making possible a rapid fall of temper ature as soon as the sun sets. Be- cause of this condition there are all most daily variations in temperature through the arid Southwest of from 35 to so degrees.
 The cultivation of hundreds of thousands of acres of land, breaking the glassy surface of the ground and presenting the darker color of the loose soil, is certain to lead to the ab- sorption of much more of the suns heat by the soil. This will decrease the reflected heat and increase the radiated heat. As radiation is much slower than reflection, the maximum temperature will be lowered, while the minimum will be increased, there be- ing consequently less variation be- tween day and night and between
Imperial press and farmer., 1902-05-10
ON THE BORDER LINE

the atmosphere d tendency to lag behind the speed of the earth at the equator, where the distance to be traversed is greatest, and as result, the prevailing winds of the equator are to the west. This necessitates other counteracting movements of the at mosphere. one of which we know as the Japanese current, or the kuro Siwo, which current moves to the northwest, bringing our storms to the north Pacific coast, the current turning to the southward and eventually join ing the north equatorial drift for re- turn to Japan.
 Another is the Peruvian current, which moves up the west coast of South America, Central America and Mexico, being gradually dispensed. Remnants of this current bring storms north through Mexico or up the Gulf of California giving to the arid South west it's summer storms, often being of an electric nature and having much that is suggestive of the tropics in their character.
 The desert, and Southern California and Arizona in general, is on the di- viding line between the countries in iluenced by the Japanese and Peruvian currents, and whatever will tend to reduce the temperature or add weight to the atmosphere of this region will tend to banish the influence of the Peruvian current and put an end to the storms which almost invariably visit Southern California during the first half of August.
 WATER IS NEVER LOST
 In arid countries where irrigation is at time of flood or through evapora- ton. It may percolate into the soil, but it finds it's way into streams and is taken out for use. The same water is sometimes used repeatedly for ir- rigation, being taken out of the stream repeatedly as it drains back after be- ing used. And if the writer properly measures the utility of the water which is to be used for the irrigation of a million acres of land in this reg | ion, the skies will become the greatest storage reservoir that could be con ceived for the reclamation of arid lands through Arizona, New Mexico and Texas. The storm courses of the Southwest run trif1e north of east, which would carry the water here evaporated in direct course for the Salt River valley in Arizona, Central New Mexico, the Staked plains of Texas and Oklahoma. No sooner will the moisture here taken up reach some cool mountain top in Arizona than it will be precipitated in rain. The people of Arizona do not neglect irrigation, and they will make use of the water for further irrigation, when it will again be evaporated and car ried on to New Mexico and thence to Texas and Oklahoma On reaching the humid region it will be allowed to waste into the streams and the Gulf of Mexico, but while it is traversing 1 the arid country, who shall say what benefit will be wrought in other terri l tories and states by the water which here is being taken from the Colorado
Imperial press and farmer., 1902-05-10

of the whole country, tending to draw the storms southward from their nat ural course to the east when they emerge from the ocean of Washington and Oregon.
 The taking up of over a hundred billions of cubic feet of water from the desert and the cooling of the atmos- phere can certainly be expected to add such weight to it that there will be a material lesseniug of the force of the winds, possibly making perceptible effect on the courses of storms travers- ing the continent. There may be a perceptible decrease in the rainfall in Southern California, by the aunull- meut of the attractive force of desert
Imperial press and farmer., 1902-05-10
CREATING A HUMID STRIP
 THROUGH THE SOUTHWEST EFFECT OF THE EVAPORATION HERE OF MORE THAN A HUNDRED BILLIONS OF CUBIC FEET OF WATER A YEAR MAY SAVE ARIZONA, NEW MEXICO AND TEXAS

able, but when million acres of land lying in comparatively compact body. in the section where the heat has been the greatest, is brought under cultivation, the change should be quite
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1902-07-24
ANNOUNC Gem ENTS.
REPRESENTATIVE,

REPRESENTATIVE,
hereby announce myself as candidate
for Representative 6lst district subject to
the action Of the Republican county conven-
ton. EMIL GROssER,
hereby announce myself as candidate
for Representative, Dist district, subject To
the action OF the Republican county conven-
ton j., W. CREECH.
COUNTY CLERK.
hereby announce myself as a candidate
or County Clerk subject to the decision Of
he Republican County Convention.
FRANK W. MORSE.
hereby announce myself as candidate
tor the Office Of County Clerk OF Dickinson
Jounty, subject to the decision VI the Re-
publican Convention.
HERBERT W. JACOBS
SHERIFF,
hereby announce myself as candidate
or Sheriff Of Dickinson county, subject TO
the action OF the Republican county con-
'sntion. h, :, THAYER.
hereby announce myself as candidate
tor sheriff, subject to the action OF the Dick
nson County Republican convention,
E. l.. MEEK.
COUNTY TREASURER.
hereby announce myself as candidate
'or County Treasurer at the coming election.
subject to the decision OF the Republican
county convention.
J.J. SCHNEIDER.
REGISTER or DEEDS.
hereby announce myself as a candidate
for Register Of Deeds, subject to the decision
OF the Republican convention.
7, J. RExROAT.
COUNTY ATTORNEY
70 the Republicans Of Dickinson County:
desire to announce myself as candidate
Tor the Office Of County Attorney, subject to
he decision Of the Republican County Con-
,ention G. G. TOwNER.
To the Editor OF the Reflector.
Please announce my name as candidate
for County Attorney. subject TO the decision
II the Republican County Convention.
PAUL HURD.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1902-07-24

Statement the financial condition Of Dickinson County State
ships Boards Education and School Districts therein
required of the Legislature the State Kansas ente
Of Townships Cities and District School Boards and amending Sectc
Counties and County Officers General Statutes of 1857 approved
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10
cOLoRADO's CAPITAL.

Mrs. Fine =. Ernest will leave about
the middle of September for st. Louis.
Mrs. Ernest is Il member of the Nation
al Board of Lady Managers of the
Worlds Fair. She was chosen during
the winter for the position by a nation
al commission of nine. The board
meeting is set for September 30th ana
Mrs. Ernest expects to De gone several
weeks.
In the United States Circuit Court of
Appeals September 2nd the case OF
Postmaster Bay Of Centre. City was
disposed of in his favor. He was sued
ON his bond because he had sublet
portion of the building which was used
as postotfice and had placed the rent
collected in his own pocket. Judge Hal
let's decision in his case was sustained
and the court decided that nobody
would have to pay any costs.
Attorney General Post has received
some of the pleas for the state of Colo
RADIO in the Colorado Kansas water suit.
This is the suit in which Kansas holds
that the old doctrine of riparian rights
should prevail in the use of the Arkan-
sas river water, while Colorado con-
tends that the only way for the irrlga-
tion of arid lands is the appropriation
or priority system. Under the old co1n-
mon law it was obligatory for the own
er of the land along river course to
let the natural flow of water go by his
land. Under the priority system the
water can be diverted from its course
and used for irrigation purposes. The
state of Colorado is, under the direc-
ton of the attorney general, getting its
pleas into shape for presentation to the
Supreme Court of the United States
hnn There
some doubt expressed by those familiar
with the situation that the Supreme
Court of the United States will assume
Jurisdiction in the case. In a case be-
tween the state of Wiscop-sn and the
city of Duluth, in which the diversion
of water was the matter at issue, the
Supreme Court refused to intervene, as
an act of Congress had been passed.
Denver Republican.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10
coLoRApo's TOURIST CROP.
Nearly One Hundred Thousand Visit
the State This Season.

Denver. Sept 6.-Rnilway passenger
men are jubilant over the tourist brSi-
ness for the summer and estimate that
the travel to the state has been TWEEN
ty-five per cent. larger this summer
than it was last summer.
AS $4,000 tourists visited Colorado
during the heated term last year. the
number this season will nearly reach
TO the 100000 mark. Trains in the
mountains are running full, and even
on the narrow gauge system the pas
senger traffic is unprecedented.
An estimate of the amount of money
left in Colorado during single season
by 100000 visitors gives an idea of the
wealth Colorado possesses in climate
and scenery. Hotel men are of the
opinion that tourists will average $50
each for expenditures while in the
state. This being accepted. the total
enrichment of Colorado citizens for the
season now closing amounts TO the
handsome sum of S5.000,0OO. Only one
other state in the Union compares III
growing attractiventss to Colorado,
and that is the state of California.
The business of the present year is an
agreeable surprise to the most expert
enced railroad passenger man.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

Gen. Eli Torrance. commandcr-in-
chief of the G. A. r., has issued an ap-
peal addressed to the Grand Army vet
Grams, asking that they contribute
funds to aid in the erection of home
FOR eX-Confederate veterans now be-
Ing built at Mission Creek, Alabama
The appeal is a lengthy one and in It
the chief pays high tribute to the
bravery Of the men who wore the gray.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10
DENVER MARKETS
Cattle.

Comparative receipts:
Month to Sept. 5. ........... 2,GSO
Same period last year. ....... 2,231
Decrense 443
Year to date. .........' --'''oO
Same period last year. ...... .1GS,o2G
Increase :. Ho.-i4
The following quotations represent
the range of prices paid on this mar
kct:
Beef steers. choice grassers,
LOO to 1850 lbs $l.J0cI1.OO
Beef steers. medium to good,
1000 TO LOO lbs. ........ 4.OoT4.5O
Beef steers, common to fair 3.5oA4.OO
Cows and heifers. choice
grassers, 1000 to 1,1GO lbs. 3.oOG3.Io
Cows and heifers. common
to good grassers. ......... 2.OWd3.oo
Gamers .............. 1.51of2.O0
Calves. veal choice ... 4.0piA5.OO
Bulls, stays. etc. 2oVd3.5o
Feeders. 800 to 1,130 lbs,
good to choice, +. l.. X. .4.2'94.Io
Feeders, 600 to 900 lbs.
common TO fair. Il. =. r.. 3.IIGi.2o
Stockers, choice. f. p. Il. 3,5ohl.Oo
Stockers, fair 10 good. 3HTd5.Jo
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

The lady who drenched her husband
in vitriol must have been an cxtrava-
giant housewife. 1t is not necessary
to have more than few ounces of
the fluid about. Besides there was
her temper.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10
Grain.

Whent-Choice milling. per 100 lbs.
S1.25; rye. Colorado. bulk. per 100 lbs.
soc; oats. bulk, Nebraska. new white,
S1.12Ea; mixed, S110; southern. Slo6;
in sack, Colorado. white. $1.l5; corn,
In bulk, Sl.0J: corn chop, sacked,
SLIP: Colorado corn and oat chops.
sacked. $l.25; bran, Colorado, per iut
lbs, S1.C0.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

American women led all others for
costly jewels at the coronation, fact
which the customs officers in New
York will try to recall a little later in
the year. H
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

The empress dowager has caught
another Chinese reformer and suggest
ed that he be sent to the place where
reforms are either unnecessary or i'm
possible.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

One ambitious and able-bodied mos
quito will cause more bloodshed than
all the Central American and Haitian
warriors put together.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

Really that New York woman who
Is suing her first husband for abandon.
ment after she has tried six other
matrimonial ventures is paying him
very high compliment.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

The farmers $4,000 900 trust will!
not need to go east after financial
assistance II it can hold on to its
products until the east really needs
them.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

Since the walls of Solomon's temple
have been discovered in Samaria and
Noah's ark has been found in Green
land. there appears to be chance for
some scientist TO locate Adam and
Ewes first tepee.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

Possibly the cigars that Texas rail-
road is Offering as bonus to travel
ers are of the kind that make the dis
comforts of travel seem as nothing by
comparison.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10
Hay.

Upland. per ton, S11.00M120o; see
ond bottom, choice TO fancy, $1,000
1000; good to choice, $I.50mS.5o; ,im-
othy. $l2.O0; timothy and clover, Sil.do'
@l1.50: alfalfa. prime, $3.50; stray.
$4.JU; South Park wire grass. $500.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

In Tolstoy's latest book the Russian
pessimist asserts that English fiction
died with Dickens and American lit
erature ceased with Emerson and Lo-
well. This is tough on Samuel Eberly
Gross and Mary McLane.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

1t takes courage to buy big daily
newspaper only to suppress 1t, as Mr..
Ochs has practically suppressed tho
Philadelphia Times.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

tits a severe strain on the transpor-
tauon facilities to move even the
stories that are told of this years
crops.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

Since his fathers will was read
young Mr.. Mackay has not had to
worry about his board bill.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

President Castro should know how
to take his medicine 1t is the same
dose,he has served out to others.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

A New York mendicant has admit
ted in court that he makes $1,S0O a
year begging. But, poor fellow, how
can he expect to cut any kind of a
figure in New York on $500 year.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

1t is to be hoped that the rest Of
the South American republics will
not insist positively on having revo-
lut'ons now.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

Grave diggers are taking risks when
they go on strike. There are no
strikes at crematorles.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

. There is a double reason for calling
1t hard coal. since 1t has become so
hard to get.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

The fact that coal and diamonds are
chemically identical ceases to wear an
air Of paradox.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

One of the first signs of autumn is
the 'prima donna's annual interview
about the fabulous salary she has had
to decline because of a previous con-
tract.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

Because a waitress hands a GUS
toner piece of peach pie when he
says Give me the kind that re.
sembles YOU" would you accuse her
of being egotistical?
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

England is drinking California wine.
with California on the label and
likewise on the cork. VIII the 'inva-
sion" never end?
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

uneasy lies the head that doesn't take
off its crown on going to bed.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

HeAri Rochefort Of Paris wears a
strawshat which is said to have cost
81 600; but then one can say anything.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

An Indiana man burned up $4,000 in
greenbacks before committing suicide.
Is this patriotism?
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

We have not read the coronation
ode written by William Winter. but it
is better than Alfred Austin's.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

The viceroy of Chill means we'll
enough. but his proclamation reads
Ike something from a comic opera.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

A Boston man is trying to start a
home for poor inventors. 1t should be
fitted up with a number of padded
cells for the perpetual motion crowd.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

Such lovely, artistic ways of serv.
ing watermelons as one reads of! At
the same time. for pure relish, can
anything beat the small boys way?
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

The curse OF litigation seems still
to hang over the Fair millions.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10

Too much thinking on the subject
of microbes will dull the heartiest ap-
petite.
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10
Hogs.
npnrntive receipts:
Sheep.
omparaSve receipts:

Comparative receipts:
Month to Sept. >. 5............-. '.s'S
Same period last year. ....... 2,5yS
Increaso 3.2jJ
.enr to date .o4, ,53I
Snme period last year. .Ss1
Increase :22.6JG
The following quotations rc,'rescnt
the prices paid on this market for fat
sheep:
Wethers, muttons ..S3.ooA'.'o
Ewes, mutton ............ 2.T1G,3.25
Lambs. fat ............. 4.5cliJ.U0
The Lamar register., 1902-09-10
Butter.
Eggs.

Strictly fresh candlcd, with case
per doz. ...>............... ..1Iia
The herald-advance. (Milbank, S.D.) 1890-1922, 1902-04-04
MUCH PROPERTY IS DESTROYED
TENNESSEE RIVER Is ON A RAM
PAGE AND DOING AWFUL
WORK.
MANY HOUSES ARE SWEPT AWAY
GOVERNMENT CANALS. LOCKS AND
DAMS ARE PRACTICALLY
USELESS.

Decatur. Ala. April 2. - Since the
storm of Friday this has been the
northern terminal of the Louisville &
Nashville. All trains are now running
as far north as Elkhart. but it is said
it will be several days before the road
is opened to Nashville. No Nashville
mail has beer received here since Fri
day. Yesterday the first mail reached
here from Chicago, Cincinnati and 9TH
er points north. by way of Chatta-
nooga. The Tennessee river is on a
rampage and much damage is reported.
Ben Jones. a white fisherman, his wife
and eleven children, living in a house
boat near Riverton, are reported
drowned. The wreckage Of the boat
has been found but the occupants are
missing. A white man named Barber
was drowned in Flint river and his
house swept away Jacob Coach, a
negro, was found drowned in a sink
hole. Much live stock has been
drowned and
Many Residences Swept Away.
All day stories of loss of life and de-
struction of property have been coming
In. The steamer Decatur No. / brought
news that the government canals, locks
and dams at Mussel Shoals, in the
Tennessee river, are rendered pracci-
cally useless by the floods since last
Fridays storm. Steamboat transporta-
ton Is severely handicapped, if not al
together suspended. Locks 6, Z, s and 9
are so damaged that 1T will be several
months before they will be in service.
Lock s is the worst damaged. parts of
the heavy stone work being removed
and the gates wrenched off. The 500
foot steel aqueduct, the only means by
which boats can pass the shoals, is
moved some distance off its abutment
and is leaking badly. The government
railroad at the Shoals is destroyed.
Several heavily laden river steamers
are tied up below the locks.