The Hawaiian gazette., 1902-02-21

ny,-vecls-o'd chicfs ate no trHc. ana
with youug turke.s tn. Hlur from
their dfupp'uts is said to act us @
deadly poison. n tbe bon VIII Not take
them t1 perch when weaving. they can
De- taught by placing them on the
pprchps just at dark for two or three
nights. Uuu they can Doe trusted 90
perch am ullht there may be- a heavy
litter OF dry grass under perches.
which will raise them above their
droppinrs To- some extent.
The first ten days in the life of q
chick Is rated as one of greater or less
mortality from bowel troubles ENpe-
rienee shows the period between the
fifth and ninth week as one of trial
while putting ON the first coat of
feathers The rapid feathcring, which
at six weeks of age has become gem
oral all over the body, must draw
heavily on their strength, SO that there
can be but small reserve OF energy
with which to combat disease. espe-
cially fever. In the Leghorns the rap
id development Of wing feathers has
caused such heavy mortality that clip
ping them to check their growth was
found To be both necessary and effec-
tual. with the Brahmas the tendency
is directly the onposite. being slow iu
feathering and apparently willing 20
wait for clothing until they have
strong bodies to carry it. From the
age of eight weeks the chick is con-
Stunning larger quantities of food, which
probably furnish a more equal distri-
button of nutrients to the body and
feathers The larger they grow the
more range they cover in foraging thus
promoting appetite, digestion and as
simlation.
Chicks from vigorous parent stock,
well housed on low perches that are
out of drafts and away from cracks in
the wall, free from lice, well fed mot
oyerfed, with occasional diet of raw
meat Gas per established feed formu-
las), linseed meal and an abundance of
green food, may be expected to thrive
one may also be on the lookout for the
first symptoms of head disease in it's
season (Which, with the writer, has
invariably been i'm April May, June
July, and at no other time in the year,
but warm, dry, and clean quarters at
night, with generous diet and n simple
tonic, may be trusted as treatment
If any take cold and become roupy,
kill, burn, and start anew.
DIARRHOEA AND CHOLERA.
Diarrhoca is a common ailment with
chickens raised in tropical countries,
and Hawaii proves no exception. This
disease should be distinguished from
whole focks in a short time. The
cause of simple diarrhoea is found
generally in improper food or bad
drinking water. The bird becomes Ian
guild and loses appetite, the feathers
have rough and dead appearance,
and general wasting away takes
place.
Remedies-The food should be chang
ed, If that seems to be the cause of the
Trpnhln Earnantp1 food iG
seen In the feed dishes of some yards
where the mess of the day is thrown
on the refuse of yesterday is objection
able. Good, clean, wholesome foods are
necessary. The drinking water is of
prime Importance. 1t is well known
that germs of many kinds find a suit
able medium for growth in water that
has been standing a few days. If a
good stream of running water is not
available, carefully cleansed and prop
erly constructed vessels should replace
the oyster can or muddy duck trough
The water must be changed daily or
better twice day. The yards and
houses must be kept free from old
iroppings, and must be kept sweet and
clean. Ventilation should be good
without drafts. The climate of the
tropics is so uniform that these pre-
cautions may seem unnecessary, but a
fall of temperature of only a few de-
grees, accompanied by a wind is sufii-
cient to affect healthy chickens if not
properly housed. Scalded milk is
found very effectual in light cases of
diarrhoea. A handful of oatmeal plac-
ed in the water is found advantageous
olive oil is good laxative, and is use
full in removing any irritating particles
which may be lodged in the intestinal
canal.
"A more powerful remedy must be
given in severe cases of cholera. Doses
of bicarbOnate of soda and powdered
opium, with subnitrate of bismuth
mixtures of laudunum, tincture of cap
sicum, tincture of camphor chloroform
and alcohol have proved efficient
COLDS, DISTEMPER AND ROUP.
These diseases are of so complicated
a nature and so closely related that it
Will be impossible in this bulletin to go
!nto details respecting them Fun and
careful descriptions have been given
by Salmon in his book on The Diseases
of Poultry" 1t sufiices to say that this
whole series Of diseases is indirectly
due to sudden changes in the weather,
filthy houses full of cracks which cause
drafts, and a general lack of attention
to sanitary conditions.
Colds-COlds are very prevalent
among chickens in Hawaii. They often
develop in a short time, even with the
best of care and under apparently per-
feet conditions. While light colds may
not be contagious, it would be wise to
remove the sick bird and give it clean
and warm food and any good warming
stimulant, such as a little ginger.
Distemper-Authoritie differ as to
whether this disease is an independent
malady or whether it is Immediately
associated with the roup. Whichever it
may be, the treatment here given has
proved more or less effectual. The
bird affected with this trouble mani
tests a listless, quiet manner. The face
is pulled under the eye. Second day
Il white froth is discernible in the cor
ner of the eye, There is also lack Ct
appetite. IF taken in time il Is only
necessary to wash the head and beak
with a dilute solution of carbolic acid.
Keep the bird in a quiet place, giving
it nothing but water i'm which little
bromid of potassium has been dissolv-
ed
Roup-If detected in the flock, roup
should be Immediately STAMPED out nv