The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1902-09-06
FOSTERING PINE
Methods of the Bureau of Forestry
Detailed by Chapman.

mental farm at Grand Rapids, who has |
been In charge of one. of the parties sent |
out by the bureau of forestry from Wash !
ington, spent a day in Cass Lake. OF the |
work being done by his party, Mr.. Chap
man says:
Under the terms of the Morris BILL. the
bureau of forestry has been given impor-
tant duties in regulating the methods of
cutting the timber and caring for the |
forest reserve which is to be created out
of these timber lands the pine is cut.
The main object in creating this reserve
of 200, 900 acres is to give every possible
protection to the young pines left from
logging, and to foster a new growth Of
seedlings, so that in time the pine cut on
this tract will be replaced by new for
est AS such work has seldom been at
tempted in this country on so large a
scale, though it is the common practice
in Europe, there Is much to be learned as
to the best and cheapest methods to be
pursued The rate of growth of this tim
Der. the length of time it takes an average
stand of young trees to reach merchant
able size, and the age at which the trees
can be cut with the greatest profit, are
the most important to determine. But,
in addition, it is the desire of the bureau
to bring on the new Seeding growth by
natural seeding from trees left for that
purpose, and not by planting, except on
a small scale.
1.-The bureau of forestry. early in June,
sent party of four men to northern Min
nesota, in charge Of M. T. Woosey, a
graduate of the Yale school Of forestry.
The work was commenced near Carlton,
on young pine reproduction. About
month was spent about Carlton, ClOquet
and points on the Duluth Short Line,
wherever reproduction had occurred.
About Grand Rapids much young timber
was found from seedlings up to fifty
years old, and a month was spent there.
The party then moved to the vicinity of
the reservation where they expect to
work till the first Of October.
"The methods Of measuring the growth
Of timber are very accurate and rather
interesting. The acre and not the indf-
vidual tree is taken as a unit Of computa-
tion A single tree grows slowly or rapid
ly, depending on how closely crowded it
Is by other trees, and on the richness and
wetness Of the soil. But on soil of about
the same quality one acre will grow about
as much wood If all the trees are con-
sidered and there is full stand Of tim
ber as another similar acre. The first
step, then, is to locate groves which are
fully stocked with timber. Plots are
measured off in such stands and the acre
accurately determined. All the trees
| within such an area are measured with
| big callifers at the least height, which is
high enough to escape the swelling of the
butt near the ground. The area Of the
| circles represented by the diameter of
| these trees is computed, and the diameter
Of tree determined which represents the
exact average size of all the trees on the
SPOT This tree is cut down and divided
into eight feet lengths. The age at the
stump is determined by counting the an
nual rings. These rings are then meas
ured by decades and the diameter growth
| of the tree is thus ascertatned for each
period Of ten years.
| "Similar measurements are made In the
other cuts, and the total length taken,
the length Of the crown down to the
last green branch and it's width. BY null
tiplying the volume Of this sample tree by
| the number of trees in the plot the yield
Of the forest is shown in such stands The
trees are usually about the same age,
| therefore the age Of the sample Tree VIII
! indicate how long. it took to produce this
amount of timber. By getting larger
number Of sample plots of all ages and on
all kinds of soil, average figures can ne
obtained, which will be nearly accurate
and will serve as a basis of calculating
the length Of time timber OF less IMAM
saw log size down to seedlings must DO
protected before it can be cut, ana the
probable returns when CUT
p,ERRE. D.-Commander 'Blanchard
~ the state G. A. r. has just returned
from Chicago, where he compieteo ar
rangements for the official route TO the
national encampment at washington
Special through Pullman sleepers WV 1,: ne
provided at Mitchell Oct. 4, over the Mil
wa,1kee and will continue over the Penn
sylvania line east Of Chicago.-Art1cles Of
} incorporation have been. filed Tor the
Aberdeen Development company, with
} capital Of $500 The company is com
posed Of prominent Aberdeen business
men, and it's purpose Is to sink a wei
} about 1000 feet in a search for gas o.
whatever may be found at that depth be-
low the surface. Articles were also FLEE
for the Mitchell Corn Palace association
I for the National Gold Mining company
l Huron, with a capital Of $1,25O,OOO; thu
n International Mica and Gold Mining com
:. pany at Pierre, with a capital of $1,000
5 900; the Guardian Angel Remedy compan.
>: at Pierre, with capital Of $1,000, 900; tn
i Commercial OH and Gas company a
d Pierre with a capital Of, $1,000,000 tn
'. Stockton Mining company at Pierre, witt
q a capital of $4,000, 900: the Gold Ore Leas
I ing company at Pierre, with capital o
r 81, $780, 900; the Spindletop Petroleum com
9 pany Of Pierre, with a capital Of $499,99e
FERGUS FALLS, MINN.-Judge Bax
n ter has appointed A. o. Richardson, o
3 Butler, Justice Cowing and o. P. E
q Jacobson Of this city, and Anton Thomp
q son of Henning to assist in canvassing tn
q will deliver an address in this city mex
% Monday evening in the interest Of hi
y neutrality-suspicious. c.. Blake; hotel keepe
Of Alexandria, filed d petition in bank
rupty, placing his assets at 1892,
e which s42 is exempt, and his liabilities g
- 50, 5S3 IA. Joseph E. Duncanson, a farm
: er of the vicinity Of Moorhead, also file
= placing his assets at $5.917, all exemp
> and his liabilities at $3,916:96. sever
IS hailstorm is reported in the towns
= Friberg and Aurdal. The grain was all
y shock, but the storm was so severe ths
many of the heads were broken off an
partially shelled.-Jerry Schram killed
N large black bear on his farm in the tow
IN of Cander. The bear attacked a calf an
n was shot just as 1t was dragging the cal
n cas- into the woods.
~ JAMESTOWN, N. D.-Mrs. Carrie HI
,d falling, aged IA, died Tuesday night. 81
was the mother Of Cass Ward Of Lift
Falls, . Mountaineering began Tuesds
-. and is going on at a lively rate. The co
81 windy weather Of the past week has D,
= the grain in good shape. Little darnas
=, has resulted from sprouting.-A new M
- chine for cutting flax has been started
8 is header and consists Of an attachme]
g from regular machine. 1t is said to
~ ~ good work.-The Stutsman Couty bar
~ opened it's doors at Courtenay this wee
The company has handsome, brick built