Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-09-08
GRAND ARMY REUNION
Gid Soldiers Will be Entertained
In True Military Style at
Washington.
Camp Roosevelt, South Of the
Executive Manson. Ar.
ranged for Event.
Will Represent a Great Military
Post - The Corps
Badges.

U0U&CSs
Washington. Sept. Scamp Roose
welt, which will be located on the Whit
Lot, south of the executive mansion
and known as Grand Army place dur
; ing the last national encampment il
Washington ten years ago, is to rep
resent a great military post during thu
Gated for this purpose, and Colone
McElroy. who is chairman of the com
mite and his assistants have improv
). ed every moment of the time since a!
4 Organization was effected in perfectint
Il plans for this great gathering OF men
who thirty-seven years ago laid dow
their muskets and Went to theii
homes.
1 Believing that this will be the la-ges
! gathering OF old soldiers in the history
i of the Grand Army of the Republic, tlls
reunion committee has made elaborate
preparations for entertaining them il
true military fashion. the corps being
the unit The corps was the milltar.
l
who con,:-=:sed it, and was the unit FOL
all operations.
The various corps were organized, fol
the most part.with three divisions. each
division containing three 'origades. and
each brigade consisting of three regi-
1nents. making forty-five regiments to
| a corps to which was added about nine
/ batteries of light artillery. But this
| was adhered to only as a general rule,
and was varied at times 20 meet tenn
| porary exg.encies. The greatest vari-
alton occurred in the brigades. the de-
pletion at times OF some regiments
making additional ones necessary to
keep up the proper effective strength.
Cavalry in Separate Corps.
In 1868 the regiments OF cavaly We're
organized into a corps by themselves.
Prior to that time each corps was ac-
companied by a brigade of cavalry reg
iments.
Batteries of light artillery, organized
in brigades of about five batteries each,
were attached to each corps, in addi-
ton to which the Army of the Potomac
had an artillery reserve consisting Of
five brigades-twenty one batteries in
all.
Prior to the adoption of corps organi
cations the various armies Of the Union
consisted of divisions numbered in the
order of their formation. This plan was
adhered to in the western armies until
December, 1862. The Army OF the
Ohio contained several divisions, each
division containing three brigades.
But the eXigencies of the gigantic con-
flict demanded heavier lighting units,
and in 1863 the western armies took the
field with corps organizations imilar to
those which General Mcclellan had in
stituted in the Army OF the Potomac.
and which We're retained during the re-
mainder of the war.
The corps badges which will be con-
spicuous during the encampment and
which will be placed upon the front of
the corps tents at Camp Roosevelt We're
not adopted until the spring of 1863.
The Army of the Potomac had them
Immediately but the western armies
cid not adopt them until in 1864, and
then they were only partially Worn. In
some of the corps they We're not worn
at all, altho the emblem was displayed
conspicuously on all corps property,
corps badges as an emblem became
most popular, and the men delighted in
their possession. They We're usually
stamped upon flannel and We're Worn on
the cap, usually on the crown, which
then tilted over the face. They We're
Of different colors, red for the first di-
vision, white for the second and blue
for the third. The idea originated in
division, when he ordered his
own men to wear diamond shaped
patch of red flannel SO that he would
be able to distinguish his men il they
struggled.
Badges Most Familiar.
The corps badges that are most fa-
miliar because Of the distinguished SER
vice Of these corps in the war of the
rebellion are the round badge of the
Fist Corps, the trefoil or ACE of clubs"
of the Second, the losenge or patch"
IF the Third, the triangle of the Fourth,
The Maltese cross Of the Fifth, the
Greek cross of the Sixth, the Crescent
If the Eleventh, the Star of the
Twelfth and the Acorn OF the Four
zenith.
Camp Roosevelt has been laid off by
Major Gilbert Thompson, formerly of
he District engineers. In the center
$ a platform and flagstaff, upon which
! flag will be raised at 1880 o'clock
october 6, in the presence of the Pres
dent of the United States. General
Torrance, communicated of the
irand Army of the Republic, and the
assembled veterans and other guests
# the city. The reunion committee
lopes to have present to assist in this
,atriotic exercise and the dedication of
he camp thousand school children.
There will be five large tents upon
he grounds for the use of the armies
nd the eX-prsoners of war. About
he ellipse will be stationed twenty five
ents for the regular infantry corps.
n addition to these will be tents; for
he cavalry corps of the Army of the +,
'otomac, one for the cavalry Of the
,estern armies, one for the ex- prison- ,
rs of war, one for the engineers tel !
graph and signal corps; one for the :
avy. one for the colored troops of the
vision of the Mississippi, one for the /;
rovisional corps of the Army of the n
cumberland. one for the Sons of Vet /,
rams, one for the Spanish War Vet :
rams. With each corps headquarters :
ill be four or five other tents for re-
Mons of divisions, brigades, regiments j,
nd other organizations. !
"The Grant Tent" 9
On the southern side of the ellipse
lere will be one large tent, capable of f
gliding 1000 people, which will be O