davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-04-27

Cash quotations were as 1oII0Es: t!our
firm. No. spring wheat, .753s G75Mc; No. 2
red, S33. 9S5lsc. No. 2 yellow corn, 6Slac. No.
2 oats. 4lH G421Ac.; No. white 4504o?sc;
No. } white II J. M.5c. No.c2 rye 5s1ac Fair
to choice mailing barley. G7@7Qc. No. l FAX
seed S1.6S; No. northwestern S1.19; prime
Timothy seed, S7@7.10. Mess pork, per bar
rel, s1G.s0@16.s5; lard, per 100 pounds, so.e2@
9s5; short ribs sides (loose). S9.3o@9.4o; dry
clear sides (ho1cd), $3.3O@10. Glover, contract
grade $S.35. Butter, steady; rcamcry. ITO
q &c. dairy, 17G2Dc Cheese steady at 12@
l3c. Egg, steady; fresh, 15A @151ac Re-
ceipts-Wheat 5000 bushels; corn, 600
| bushels; oats. 10000 bushels; hogs, 10000
head.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-04-27
STOCK auorAr1oNa

furn3thed by Meters. SCOTT &STRIS9FELOW
Gen bers New York Stock Exchange
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-04-27
RICHMOND STOCK MARKET.
Richmond, Va. April &c, 1902.
SAJ,ES

Virginia Centuries-s1, 900 at e51s; $4,000
at 95ls.
Georgia, Southern and Florida LIST prererred-.-
"a shares at 1919.
Georgia, Southern and Florida I'd preferred
100 shares at S3A.
Seaboard Air Line common-2o shares at Pity.
Virginia. Carolina Chemical commonly shares
~. shares Mt 75
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-04-27

pr, rss l n,,o,a,,or, ar. =, fo,,ov,.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-04-27

EAST LIBERTY, PA, April 2e-CATTLE-
Steady: choice S6sOm7; prime, $6.50M6.75;
good, S5.S5Gl6. So HoeS-Strong: prime heavies.
S. .:.50T7 4O best mediums. S7.25@7.S; heavy
workers. S7.1567.oo light workers.. S6.95@7.05;
pigs sc. 6Om6.7O; roughs. S5@6.I5.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-04-27

CINCINNATI. o.. April 26-HoGs-Easy
and lower S5.7567.1o. Catte-Steady, s2.50@
$50. Shecp-Steady, S2-50@5.25. Lambs,
Steady. SIS 5OM7.1O.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-04-27

| Spot cotton closed quiet and steady; middline
| uplands, 0 11-16c.; mddliug gulf. 15-16c.
! sales, 1896 bales
Omaha daily bee., 1902-11-23

from each alley to the intersecting
streets on Farnam, Harvey, Douglas and
Dodge and from Ninth to Seventeenth
streets cUnduits of four ducts.
In the entire system there are ninety
seven manhOles. Those which are located
at the intersections of the streets and al
lcys are seven by seven feet and from
seven to nine feet in depth. They
are built of brick laid in cement.
In the alleys the manholes are six
by six feet and six feet deep. Placed at
each Of the street corners for arc-lamp
outlets are service boxes three feet six
inches square and twonty-six and one-half
feet deep with water tight iron covers.
All of the manholes have sewer connec-
lions for drainage.
The service connection for the power
wires which carry about 500 volts will be
run through conduits of rolled paper and
for the secondary distributing system the
Edison three-wire iron tubes will be used.
In this system three bare wires are laid in
the tube and the tube is then filled with
an insulating compound. These wires will
carry but PIP volts of alternating current
for lOw-pressure service.
The cables in the ducts which will carry
the primary current of 1850 volts will all
be lead sheathed. The Edison tubes re .
ferred to come in twenty foot lengths
and are laid right in the ground. They are
coupled together by split cast-iron boxes.
The rolled paper cCnduits are laid in con-
crete.
In the ThOmson-HoustOn system, and in
fact with all of the light and power wires,
there is absolute underground distribu-
tion and there are no wires above the
surface. As to telephone and telegraph
wires, this cannot be applied as there must
be some overhead wires.
The conduit system used by the telephone
company consists of iron PIPES laid in con-
crete in much the same manner as the
clay tiles, These conduits terminate in
manhOles which are generally located in
the center Of a block in one of the alleys
and at that point the cables are run up a
pole from where the distribution is accom-
plished. Therefore there must be overhead
distribution for distances of one block.
When the tile conduits of the Thorn
son-HoustCn company are completed the
next work preparatory to putting them into
service will be the interesting process
Of rodding them or testing them with rods.
The rod TO be used in this test is a very
ingenious mechanical device known as a
monkey" which is so constructed as TO
work its own way through the duct. The
rod in its progress through the ducts will
be followed by a wire and then the rope
which in turn will be used in drawing the
cables through.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-11-23

cities until now there is scarcely a city of
considerable size which has not its sub
way system or in which overhead wires,
except for street railway operation, are
tolerated in the business districts.
The European cities were far ahead o.
those of America in the burial of electric
wires for the reason that they never did
permit the stringing of the wires above
ground, and from the very beginning they
were laid in cOnduits beneath the side
walks. Even the overhead trolley wire
has only been introduced into London
within a few years, and it has met with
such determined opposition as to indicate
that 1t can never be extensively used.
1t has never been permitted that wires
should be strung on poles in England and
France, and as long as twenty years ago
London had 5000 miles OF wires in its
conduits under the sidewalks. In Buda-
Pesth, Hungary, there was an underground
trolley system in successful operation more
than fifteen years ago.
There has been some question and some
controversy as to which Of the American
cities was first to place its electric wires
underground. In support of the claim of
Chicago to this distinction IL is stated that
wires were first laid underground there in
the form of cables in 1878 and in pipes in
1888. Philadelphia experimental quite ex-
tensively with cOnduits of creosoted wood
i'm 1885, but, like many other plans. that
was found to be not entirely practicable.
although by means of a very high tax on
telegraph and telephone poles the COM
panies had been induced to go under
ground with their wires and they remained
there.
The general use Of clay condu'ts did
not begin until 1891, and since that time
many improvements have been made in
the methods of making and of laying the
tiles, but the clay subway is still used.
The first cities to use these clay sub
ways were Baltimore and Washington,
where the telephone wires were taken
from the streets in 1890 and the telegraph
wires in 1891 and the others soon followed.
In the adoption of the subway plan OF
Washington, Andrew ROsewater. now city
engineer of Omaha, played an important
part as chairman of an electrical COM
mission appointed by the president TO
investigate that subject with reference to
the District of Columbia and report a
plan, The other members OF this com
mission were Lieutenant Francis Skunk. U.
5. A., now captain of the engineering
corps, and Professor Henry A. Rowland,
chief OF the department of original re-
search OF Johns Hopkins university.
New York had its own subway-owned
by the city-in operation in 1891. The sys-
TEN was under the direction of a commits
Omaha daily bee., 1902-11-23

will have completed the undertaking so
far as the laying of the tiles is concerned.
When completed this system will afford
eighty miles of single duct, and, includ-
ing the cables and other accessories, will
have cost approximately $175, 600, although
the net cost of laying the conduit will be
only about $40, 900.
The conduit system is constructed OF
clap tiles and in this case it has been
necessary to use three different makes of
these tiles for the reason that no one
company could supply the required guam
tity on short notice. The tiles are made
in different sizes to permit of various
numbers of ducts as required, the size Of
the duct always being the same. The
tiles are laid in a trench on a four inch
bed of concrete, with side walls of con-
crete two inches in length and a top
covering of concrete four inches deep,
The separate tiles, which are three and
one-half feet in length, are held in place
with what is known as a "dowel PIN and
the joints are wrapped with burlap and
welded with cement. The ordinance re-
quires that there shall be thirty inches
between the surface of the ground and
the top layer of the conduit, but in many
cases Instructions have been met and it
has been necessary to go beyond that
depth. The volume of the conduit varies
according to location and ranges from
forty-eight ducts in the vicinity of the
power house and the district of greatest
distribution to six, and even as low as
four ducts in some of the alleys of the
more remote portions. Leaving the power
house at the corner of Fourth and Jones
streets, with forty-eight ducts the conduit
carries that volume on Jones street as far
six ducts and thus continues to Ninth,
and on that street to the alley between
Harvey and Toward streets. Then from
that point to the alley between Douglas
and Dodge streets the size varies from
forty to twenty ducts. In the alleys be
tween Howard and Harvey, Harvey and
Farnam, Farnam and Douglas and Doug
las and Dodge streets, the siXteen-duct
size Of tile is used as far as Sixteenth
street and on Sixteenth street from tho
alley between Howard and Harvey to
Capitol avenue. From Sixteenth to
Eighteenth street in the alleys between
Farnam and Douglas and Douglas and
Dodge the size of the conduit is but six
ducts. On Seventh street, from Jones to
Pacific streets, the size varies from twelve
to eight ducts; on Thirteenth street, from
the alley between Douglas and Dodge
streets to Capitol avenue there are eight
ducts; on Capitol avenue from Sixteenth
to Seventeenth street four ducts. For the
purpose of supplying arc lamps there are
Omaha daily bee., 1902-11-23

sion which was empowered to fix rates Of
rental to be paid by companies running
their wires through the subway and for
a line this plan of management caused some
trouble, but that has now been overcome.
When the clay conduits were first put
into service considerable trouble was
caused by explosions of gas which had
formed in the ducts, and disastrous acct
dents occurred from that cause in st.
Louis, New York, Chicago, Brooklyn and
several other cities, but under different
conditions different remedies were found
for this difficulty.
In some places the companies so stub
bornly resisted the efforts of the authori-
ties to make them place their wires un-
foreground that it became necessary to
even use force as in Brooklyn and New
York, where gangs of men were sent out
to chop down the poles.
The city Of Omaha Is somewhat behind
most other cities of it's size and Importance
in this respect, but now has the burial of
wires well in hand, and before spring will
have all electric wires with the exception
of those of the telegraph companies and
the street railway company under ground.
The Nebraska Telephone company was
first to adopt the movement and in 1892,
in making application to the city for a re-
newal of its franchise for twenty-five
years, undertook to bury all of it's wires
in the district bounded by Ninth street,
Eighteenth street, Capitol avenue and
Howard street. This was done and since
that time the telephone company has ex-
tended its conduit system on Eighteenth
street to Cunning; on Douglas to TWEEN
tieth; on Twentieth from Douglas to Har-
ney; and on Harvey to Thirty-sixth street.
Last fall the New Omaha Thomson
Houston company presented before the city
council a new ordinance calculated to
strengthen the cOmpany's franchise and in
the proceedings which ensued the council
adopted an ordinance which requires that
all wires owned by commercial lighting
and power companies and located in the
district bounded by the river, Eighteenth
street, Howard street and Capitol avenue
must be placed under ground before May
l, next. This includes all electric light,
heating and power wires for commercial
purposes and takes in everything with
the exception of the telegraph wires and
those of the street railway company which
are used In the operation of their cars,
Those OF the street railway company's
wires which are used to distribute cleo
tricity for commercial purposes are in
cluded within the requirements of the
ordinance.
The ThomsOn-H Houston company began
work upon its underground conduit system
early in September, and by December l
Omaha daily bee., 1902-11-23

iNN' ''N''S HNN''f
has more imperatively or more constantly
demanded attention than the question of
the removal of electric wires from the
streets. A quarter of a century ago, when
the development of electricity was, as
may be said, i'm its elementary stages,
the overhead wires gave but little trouble
comparatively, and the poles and cross
arms, with their few thread-like strands
of wire, while not regarded as an adorn-
ment to a handsome city street, were toll
Grated as a necessary evil. But as new
uses for the mysterious electric fluid were
discovered and through the efforts Of
Edison and other inventors it became a IA
miliar utility, the wires multiplied at an
alarming rate and became a genuine
menace to the public welfare and con-
venience.
Gradually the telephone grew from a
luxury to be enjoyed only by a few OF the
larger business houses to a necessity
which not only every place Of business,
but a large proportion OF private homes,
must have. The single wires multiplied in
number and became great cables extending
farther and farther throughout the city
streets until they were not only a disfg-
urement to the slightly appearance of those
streets, but were positively an encum-
brance. Then the electric light came more
generally into service and its heavily
charged wires added a serious danger to
the already troublesome situation, and
the application of electricity as a motive
power in the operation of street railways
contributed still further In the same man
ner.
As the wires increased in numbers It
became more and more apparent that they
must be removed from the streets, and II
was soon determined that the only prac-
tlcable way to accomplish that was to place
them underground. And then followed
years Of conflict between the authorities
of the cities and the companies owning
the wires before any progress in this
movement could be accomplished. The eX-
pense which the burial of the wires would
entail prompted opposition and resistance
on the part of the companies and the
imperfections of the various methods pro
posed gave them grounds for their refusal
to adopt them or acknowledge them to be
reasonable. Years and years of study and
experiment effected gradual Improvement In
underground conduits, and this, supple
mented by strong and in some cases even
radical coercion on the part of city au-
thorities, brought about their adoption
more and more generally in the larger
Omaha daily bee., 1902-11-23

MONG the many problems of engi-
neering which have perplexed
the governments of the metropol-
itan cities of the world in the
past twenty years, perhaps none
The daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Ind. Ter. [Okla.]) 1898-1902, 1902-01-21
SMOOTH AS EVER
Is the Colonel as he Attempts to
Wriggle Out of the Response
bility for Those Careless
and Illadvised Cir.
culars."

Col. Robert l.. Owen, politician.
president OF the Indian Land and
Trust company, of Muskogee, and
self appointed claim attorney for
the Cherokee nation, is in Wash
ington. The colonel announced
his departure for Washington, just
the day after press dispatches told
OF the fraudulent circulars. that
were being used to boom his real
estate business, as being for the
purpose OF pushing a claim for
81 100000 due the Cherokee ma.
tion from the government.
The colonel evidently lost his
interest in the claim en- route,
but arrived with we'll defined
concern as to proper explana-
tion Of his connection with the
land leasing circulars.
After an introduction. which
was pregnant with the Owen re-
grets. that those circulars had been
so "carelessly" worded as to de
ceive prospective investors, he
handed out TO the correspondents,
a story Of impending disaster to
the territory, ii his and associate
companies, were not allowed to
gobble all OF the Indian lands.
He said. in part, that immigra-
tion would Immediately stop and
that a great area OF the territory
would remain undeveloped indefi-
nitely if the Indians are allowed
to remain in possession of the
lands.
No reference was made TO the ef-
feet of the operators OF his com
pany on their Indian victims. but
the secretary's mandate that the
fraudulent procedure must cease
instanter. shows that the govern
ment recognizes the necessity of
immediate protective measures.
The colonel, with. all OF his e.o-
quent lsments. Is probably salts
fled that the department only for.
bade a continuance and did not
prosecute for past ofienses.
The daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Ind. Ter. [Okla.]) 1898-1902, 1902-01-21
CURTIS CHAMPIONS
Ills Bill Before Committee of the OPP
position.

Congressman Curtis has carried
the fight for his territorial govern
ment bill into the camp Of the op.
position, and has appeared before
the sub committee of the commit
tee on territories, which has in
charge the redraiting Of the Moon
bill, and advocated the substitu.
ton OF bis measure.
Mr. Curtis stated that be was
opposed to the Moon bill, which
provides for complete form of
territorial government, for the
reason that it would involve ex.
penditures far in excess of any sum
that the territory could meet.
The measure which Mr.. Curtis
has introduced, provides for a
government largely appointive.
and The salaries of the territorial
officials would be drawn in the
most instances from Washington.
Mr.. Moon inquired if the cattle
could not be taxed, to which Mr..
Curtis replied. that many Of the
herds were owned by Texas peo-
The daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Ind. Ter. [Okla.]) 1898-1902, 1902-01-21
THREE CITY FATHERS
To be Arrested on Charge Of OBJ
structing Streets.

In connection with the alleged
discovery recently by Councilman
Charley Moore, that there was a
hundred foot strip OF mo man's
land adjoining the Katy right of
way, on Vann street, and bis sub
seqUent jumping" Of it with
Councilmen Cowan and Couch.
City Attorney Parks has obtained
warrants for the three city fathers
arrest.
The warrants charge the coun-
cilmen with obstrncting the streets.
they having built several pic
turesque rock piles to indicate
their new found possessions. The
warrants will be served az soon as
the councilmen can be located, and
Mayor Shanaban will eli IN judg-
ment on the alleged tranegrefsions
of the land corrallers.
The daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Ind. Ter. [Okla.]) 1898-1902, 1902-01-21
STEPHENS, OF TEXAS
Wants to Know More About the
Methods Adopted by the Sec-
retary OF the Interior in
the Collection of
Tribal Taxes.

A resolution is being prepared
by Congressman Stephens of Texas
calling Tor a congressional inquiry
into the ejeciment of merchants
from the Indian Territory, because
Of their refusal to pay the tribal
merchandise taxes.
The absolute power vested In
the Secretary of the Interior. in
affairs pertaing 10 the government
OF the territory, will be brought up
for review, and the charges by
elected merchants, that he has
abused his delegated powers, con-
sidered
Mr.. Stephens, holds that the
tribal taxes, were annul.ed by the
Curtis act. and that the depart
ments action in enforcing payment
il contrary 10 law. The resolution
will call for an explanation from
the Secretary Of the Interior upon
the cases of all parties, who have
been elected from the territory
under his orders, and for general
information concerning similarly
situated merchants who are oppos
ing the collection of the taxes.
A strong effort will be made by
those. who have suffered eject.
ment, or compulsory payment,
through the arbitrary action Of the
department, TO have the absolute
power delegated to the Secretary
partially abrogated. II is contend
ed that his actions are in direct
contravention to the principles
upon which the government is
founded, snd the proposed inquiry
will be made the medium of max
ing the departments practices
public.
The daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Ind. Ter. [Okla.]) 1898-1902, 1902-01-21

Judge w. II. Browne and a corps
of legal lights went TO Muldrow
Monday to hold court and dispose
of quite a remarkable case, says
the Salisaw Star. IL was w. II
Norrid, estray stock agent of Sc
quoyah district, VS.. II G. Wilcher
in the suit Of replevin for posses
sion of four head of cattle. The
facts, so near as we could learn
were: In the spring of 1895, H. G.
Wilcher took up stray calf,
which no one claimed, and in time
it grew to be cow AMI the herd
increased antil Mr.. Wilcher now
has four head of cattle, by virtue
of his Office as estray stock agent,
Mr.. Norris sought possession Of
the cattle, claiming them TO be
strays, but the case was dismissed
on motion, it being admitted by
parties that the cause of action OF
the Cherokee nation accrued more
than three years ago, and was bar
red by statute limitation. as three
years peacesOle possession gives
title to the property. Widespread
attention has been attracted by the
case being in court much. 1t has
been called seven times which re-
suited in four .mistrisls and three
continuances and it's final settle
ment was considered a victory BY
the counsel of the defendant. Ten
witnesses were summoned each
time and The distance they travel
ed each trial Was from ten 70 forty
miles and the costs in the case Is
By no means a small itsm.-Ar-
row.
The daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Ind. Ter. [Okla.]) 1898-1902, 1902-01-21

pie who would withdraw them il
the cost OF maintaining them in
the territory were increased.
The missionary work of Mr..
Curtis is not expected to influence
the members of the committee on
territories and they will press the
Moon bin in its amended shape
for passage.
The daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Ind. Ter. [Okla.]) 1898-1902, 1902-01-21

The best thing in the comedy line,
star boarder. Jan. 2ltn.
Arizona weekly journal-miner., 1902-04-09
"N0 IDLE PIPE DREAM. |"
Shelter of Sonora N. $ N. Co. To Be
 Running in Week.

The Sonora Milling and Mining company from its organization has been well received by the public and it has gone into the mining business with a vim and vigor that is exhilar- ating to behold. The officers of the company have had the fullest conf dence in their property and in the re- suits they can show as soon as the smelter is in operation. This confi- dence they freely impart to others, and the conduct of their business in dicates that it is no make-believe It is but few months since the com pany put its stock on the market and began smelter talk. The smelter is DOW in process of erection, while the development work of the mine is be- ing hurried along.
 It will be but a short time now when the demonstration will be com plete and enthusiasm is constantly increasing rather than waning. The officers at the mine, where President Con O'Keefe is in charge, are keeping the officers at headquarters in No gales fully informed as to the pro- gress of operations, and the following messages are illustrative of the short letters that come from the front to Secretary John Dessant.
 Under date of March "A, President O'Keefe says: This is no idle pipe dream when I say we have a propo- sition here that is world wonder"
 Under date of the 29th comes this message: Everything is moving along lovely here. Mines are first class. Shelter being erected. Will be running in about a week. Re publ gan.