davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28

AFTER A SUMMERS FEEDING on ALFALFA.
that it is not MS difficult to maintain
the weights of horses when fed alfalfa
rs when fed timothy.
The cost Of maintenance was greater
in every ease except one on timothy
than on alfalfa.
The appearance Of the horses in every
comparison Of alfalfa and timothy was
in favor Of the alfalfa fed horse.
When alfalfa and timothy were fed
al lihtuu, much greater quantities of
alfalfa were consumed
No i'll results were noted on the health
Of the horses by long continued alfalfa
feeding.
The amount Of hay fed on most Utah
farms could be reduced at least one
half Il may be economical to reduce
the amount OF hay and increase the
amount Of grain fed To horses
1t is evident from Il study of the ex-
pcriments that bran and shorts may he
substituted for oats whenever the
horses are fed alfalfa or timothy.
Twenty pounds Of alfalfa per day
proved sufficient TO maintain the
weights of horses weighing nearly 400
pounds when Mt rest When at heavy
work, 80 pounds of alfalfa per day
was barely sufficient to maintain the
weights Of the same horses.
The greater consumption of water
when horses are fed alfalfa results in
a greater elimination by the Kidneys.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28

TIE cooler weather makes fall plow-
ing easier on the teams than spring
blowing.
The International Live Stock exposi-
ton will be held at Chicago Nov. %
to Dec. 6.
Cuba has removed the duty on the
import of breeding cattle
The consumption of sugar in the
United States during 1902. calculated
from the figures for 1901, will be APP
proximately 100000 tons, and the
production. both cane and beet, will
reach nearly 100000 tons.
Sheep need some succulent feed the
year round. Roots and silage aid in
this respect through the winter months.
y fair to plentiful apple crop of quite
uneven quality appears TO sum up the
situation
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28

Successful dairyine can be summed
up in Two words: BE clean
This great American nation IS the
greatest soil robber ON earth.
There's no farm power like gasoline
engines.
Have rural telephone route. Many
thrifty farmhouses are now united in
this manner.
Alfalfa is far ahead Of all other for
age plants known. Horses. catt4, hogs.
sheep and turkeys do well and make a
wonderful growth ON straight alfalfa
Chickens of all ages are fools. as
great fools as many human beings are
who raise chickens.
The surest way to avoid the evil of
a glutted market is to produce a first
class article.
Corn and laziness are great promoters
of fat.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28
stock Growers want statistics.

\ measure to provide by law for
gathering vital statistics on the live
stock industry in the United States by
the establishment of Il bureau that
would keep close watch of changes
taking place is being urged by the Ma
tional Live Stock association.
There are two points on which relia-
bic information is very desirable this
season For example. there has been
a wholesale slaughter of cows and
heifQs and il is possible that this
may result in scarcity of breeding cat
tie. If the exact status Of this point
could be determined, breeders would
know just what To do. Al present al
most nothing is known in regard TO the
supply and demand for meat cattle.
The country might be on the verge of
shortage, and no one could say such
Il shortage exists until it was actually
here The markets are controlled by
the visible supply from day to day, and
farmers may sell their stock at panic
prices when the actual conditions do
not Justify so doing. More than $780,
900 farmers and stock raisers are in
terested in live stock statistics.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28
APPLE POMACE.
An Old Question With Renewed Inn
portnnce This Season.

An Old Question With Renewed Inn
pOrtnnce This Season.
The excessive rains and cool weather
Of the growing season of 1902 have Sc
riously curtailed the corn crop. In this
juncture it is suggested that apple
pomace he ensiled and fed during the
coming winter as Il supplement to corn
silage or corn fodder. The experience
of four years with apple pomace silage
at the Vermont station, using over
twenty cows, is unit in affirming the
nearly equivalent if not, indeed, quite
equivalent, feeding values of apple
pomace and corn silage. No undesir-
able results whatsoever have followed
its use. Cows continuously and hearti-
ly fed have not shrunk. but, on the
contrary, have held up their milk flows
remarkably we'll Neither does the
milk nor the butter seem injured in
any respect Inasmuch, however, as
reports of severe shrinkage occurring
coincdent with the use of apple pom
ace are current, care is advised in feed
ing it at the outset.
why Not Try 1t!
Apple pomace needs no special care
in ensiling. If leveled from time to
time as put into the silo and left to it
self uncovered and unweighted, it does
we'll Fifteen pounds day per COW
has been fed at this station with entire
satisfaction. In brief. apple pomace
makes as much milk as does corn 81
lage, makes as rich milk as does corn
silage and makes as good butter as
does corn silage. 1t is readily eaten by
cows it keeps well in the silo and it
will help out the winters feeding.-J.
L. Hills, Vermont.
If boy is perfectly healthy and nor
NAL. quart of raisins which he is
given to stone will dwindle to a half
pint before he is through.-Atchison
Globe.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28

MARKETING CELERY.
Preparing the Plants From the Rows,
the Trenches or the Storehouse.

Preparing the Plants From the Rows,
the Trenches or the Storehouse.
During the early part of the season,
or until the time for heavy frosts, mar
keting of celery will be done entirely
from the rows where the crop is grown,
later from the trenches and afterward
from the storehouse. In preparing the
celery for market from the rows where
grown, it is not necessary to remove
the entire root from the earth, but it
may be cut off just below the surface
of the soil by means of stiff knife.
Remove the outside leaves and trim
the root evenly, pack in boxes and load
on the wagon for removal to the wash
ing house. The blanching boards
should not be removed until necessary
and the trimmed celery must not be
allowed to lie exposed to the sun or
wind for any length of time. 1t is well
also to have piece of canvas to pro-
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28

sc" stops to take on passengers Ior Columbia
and points east. "h" stops to let on paSsen
gers from west of Columbia.
Additional trains leave Frederick for Bruce
VILE 80, 8 10 a. III and % p. IN weekdays !;
returning, leave Brucevile for Frederick So,
1910 Il. IN and 30 p. m.
Trains leave Hanover for Gettysburg at Gas
a. m, II. Is and 5i2 p. IN. weekdays; return
ing, arrive at Hanover from Gettysburg, 9.l7
a. m. and Us p. m. weekdays
TRAINS LEAVE YORK FOR THE NORTH
Pacific and Northern Express, daily1 IS Il. m.
News tXpress, daily. ......... Isl. $50 a. m.
Buffalo and Pitlsburg EN-, daily 10 50 Il. m.
Chicago and st Louis EXP daily $40 p. m
Buffalo Il st. Louis lIX daily. .l0(2 p IN.
Western II $ Western En-. daily. l0.II p. m
For time tables and further information APP
ply to Ticket Agent al the station.
j. b. HUTCHINSON, ] r. WOOD
General Manager. General Pass. Agt.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28

AFTER SUMMER FEEDING ON TIMOTHY.
but we have no evidence that this
greater elimination is in amy way dctri-
mental TO the health of horses.
The individuality of the animal is a
potent factor both in food and water
consumption.
Watering both before and after feed
ing is recommended.
1t does not pay to grind grain for
horse feeding
Blanketng horses while at work,
even in cold weather. proved Il source
Of irritation TO the horses and is not
advised.
Cutting and miHin@ hay and grain is
not 4 profitable practice.
Timothy hay cut into very short
pieces makes the horses mouth sore
and in consequence there results Il fail
ing off in weight.
Alfalfa and clover cut into very fine
pieces result in greater gain than
uncut alfalfa and clover
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28

CHOICE FEEDERS.

They Are Indicated by General
Form, Quality and Constitution.
If the animals in one grade of stock
ers and feeders are more uniform than
in the others, it is in the choice grade.
1t may be said that we demand in
choice stockers and feeders, first, the
ability to finish as choice or prime
steers, and. second, the ability to make
economical gains in flesh and fat, and
we look for indications of these tenden-
cies in the form, quality and constitu
ton. The general form should be low
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28
LING an Indirect Fertilizer.

Lime is not commercial fertilizer
in the strict sense, but an indirect fer
tilizcr, which all farmers ought to be
familiar with and use. Our farmers
use lime about once in five years They
use it for two reasons first, because
they want it to act upon the insolublc
plant food and make it available, and
in the second place it is good for sour
land, land that has been farmed good
while and an acid has developed. Ten
or twenty bushels of lime per acre will
neutralize the acid. Sometimes clover
does not grow well, and farmers say it
probably needs lime.-Professor Il. B.
Voorhees,, New Jersey.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28

POPULAR POTATOES.
varieties Early and Late That Hay,
Made Good Yields In Ohio

Among the varieties of potatoes
tested at the Ohio agricultural station
in 1901 the ten which gave the heaviest
yield in order of yield were Northern
Beauty, Quick Crop, Maule's Early
Thoroughbred, Early Norwood Early
Fortune, Pmgree, Roberts, Early Rose
and Pats Choice.
OF those tested the past five years
the ten leading varieties in point of
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28
pnnI1rx nnnse Window.

Ienhouses are cold at night in win
ter because of loose windows and be
cause glass quickly radiatcs heat The
curtain shown in the cut ohyiatos both
difficulties. 1t stops drafts and pre-
vents radiation 1t is made to slide he
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28

set, deep. broad and compact rather
than high up, saunt, narrow and loose.
ly made. Stockers and feeders should
be low set or on short legs. because
animals of this conformation are
almost invariably good feeders and
capable of early maturity. They
should he deep, broad and compact be.
cause this conformation indicates good
constitution, capacity for growth and
for producing ultimately relatively
high percentage of the most valuable
cuts. Select feeders with broad. HAT
backs and long, level rumps They
should possess straight top ana under
lines which should be nearly parallels
should be low ut the TANKS thus form
ing good depth. for the barrel of stock
ers ana feeders as well as dairy cows
should be roomy IN animal which is
too pmnchy, however, is Objectionable
to the butcher, The matter of low
TANKS should be emphasized. lis Il is
an almost unfaillng sign ct good cousti-
tuition and good feeding quality 1t
should be horne in mind that the
stoeker and feeder, thin in flesh and
largely destitute Of external or surface
fat. affords the lest possible opportu-
nifty Of determining the covering Of
natural flesh characteristic of The ami
NAL.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28
HORSE FEEDING.
Alfalfa Makes N Sleek and Weighty
Beast-Some other Points

In comparing alfalfa and timothy
as roushage for horses at the Utah eX-
pertinent station, the result of six tests
under varying conditions of work show
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28

Lettuce has become recognized more
as fail, winter and spring crop than
summer and it is extensively used
because of its appearance in the mar
ket when most other vegetables are
out Of season. The south. east and
west are engaged in raising lettuce.
and it is supplied to the markets from
early fall to late spring. There is in
deed no better paying crop ii one can
supply fresh tender lettuce at Il season
when the market is not gluttcd. but
lettuce must be tender and not coarse
II is necessary that it should grow
rapidly from the start. Slow growth
makes the leaves coarse and unpalata-
BILE This can best be accomplished by
raising the seed in boxes or cold
frames and then by transplanting later
to highly enriched open garden. In
the fall Of course ii must be raised al
most entirely under glass frames. but
j as the crop is quick grower this can
be done until very late in the season.
1t is even possible to raise lettuce in
winter under glass where shcltering
buildings keep out the cold The plants
need to be protected from frost, but
! otherwise they can endure quite a low
temperature.-American Cultivator.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28
[zEN FREDERICK. MD, RNING NOVEMBER 1902

tect the celery While 1t Is on the wagon
being transported to the washing
house. In marketing from the trenches
the process is practically the same as
from the rows, except that the celery
is already loosened from the soil and
the roots can be removed more easily.
In the WaShroom.
Upon reaching the washing room the
celery is Immediately placed upon "A
rack consisting of wooden Stats over
large trough and subjected to spray
of cold water to cool it and to remove
the soil After washing it is allowed
to drain; then it is tied in lunches of
twelve or more plants each. according
to the size The punches are packed
six in a box for first grade and eight
or nine for second or third grade
These boxes should he practically air
tight, and Il lining Of paper should be
placed in them before packing the eel
cry. or each bunch should be wrapped
separately. The GO ery should he near
~ dry before it is placed in the boxes
ana throughout the entire handling
must be kept as cool rs possible The
waShhouSe and its surroundings should
be kept clean and free from any de-
composing materials.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28
PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD.
schedule in Effect september 18th, 1902.

FREDERICK BRANCH.
FL stops only on notice TO conductor OF
agent, or on signal.
For PHILADELPHIA AND THE EAST.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28
CURING HAMS.
Good Old Fashioned Ways of Making
Tnsts Meats.

1t is none too early to be acquiring
hog killing time The following di-
rections are therefore reproduced from
the Farm Journal, which believes them
to be the best rules for pork"
Hams and shoulders should he cured
as soon as possible after the meat is
cold all through. Place them on Il
board or table in the cellar. SIX u side
down Make mixture in this proper
ton: For every hundred pounds of meat
take four pounds Of the best fine salt,
two ounces of powdered saltpeter and
four ounces of brown SUGAR Rub this
well into the hams al over and push
some into the hook end around the
bone Rub until they viii take no
more: let them lie Oh tie board and in
week rub in the rest. Let them lie
for about sixteen GayS altogether: then
hang them up by a string through the
hook in cool dark smoke house
SroLin. and Wrapping.
Keep up Il good smoke from hickory
chips Smoihored with saWdust during
the day for two or three days Keep
in Il cool place and before spring exam
inc to see that no insects have depos-
tied eggs. Dust a little cayenne pep
per around the bone. wrap closely in
brown paper, then with coarse muslin
t. fit thp ham exactly and stitch tight
Iy. Give Il coat of Whitewash or of
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28

Several of the larger eastern growers
now follow the plan Of shipping in
the rough. by this method only about
twothirds as many punches can be
placed in car, hut the expense of
loading is greatly reduced. The celery
is lifted from the field a few Of the out
er leaves are pulled off and the root is
trimmed roughly. after which the plants
are tied in punches of twelve TO four
teen each by means of common binder
twine. These lunches are loaded upon
low wagon and hurried to the car
before the celery has had time TO be-
come wilted.-W L. Bcattic.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28
CIDER AND VINEGAR.
To Keep the Former sweet and
Make the Latter strong.

Make the Latter strong.
To keep cider sweet it should be
made of good apples, MS late as posi-
Bile. be carefully strained 10 remove all
pomace etc. allowed to settle for il
day or two and then barreled and kept
as cool as possible. giving no more
vent than is necessary, says a New
England Homestead writer. As soon
as the first fermentation is over bun.
tightly. Keep cool and expose to the
air as little as possible Cider can be
kept perfectly sweet by scalding and
skimming and bottling and sealing
tightly while hot The keeping of cider
with presorvatives and antiseptics is
another matter and directions should
be obtained from the manufacturers.
The conditions for making vinegar of
cider are the opposite of those for
keeping the cider sweet Heat and cx-
posture TO the air are what produce
the change from sour cider To vinegar
Put the cider into barrels. Those
which have been used for vinegar be.
fore are preferable Fill them about
twothirds full ana put in warm
place. with a temperature of 50 to 90
degrees Leave out the hung 50 the
air can get in. \ piece Of mosquito
netting can be placed Nyer the buug
hole. 4 low shed is good place in
summer ana near the furnace in win
ter
Factory and Home Practice.
Very large factories generally use
generators filed with beech shayingS.
through which the liquid is allowed to
drip slowly. Good winter apples VIII
make vinegar strong enough for all
uses if properly treated, but Very early
apples usually give thin, watery cider,
which requires mixing with stronger
cider or the addition of sugar or mo
lasses. For family use a good way is
10 put a large barrel containing a small
quantity Of good, strong cider III a
warm place ana every week or two add
Il small quantity If sour cider In this
way supply Of vinegar can lie had all
the time.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28
Dcsirnhlc IInndling 0nnlitN.

Good handling quality indicates that
the poSseSsor is a good feeder. II
shows chat the animal is in good health
or thrift aud capable Of beginning to
gain rs soon rs an abundance Of food
is supplied We speak Of cattle as pos
seSSing good handling quality when the
skin is mellow and loose 4 thick,
messy coat Of hair of medium tineness
and a moderately thick skin are deSir-
albeit w Mumford. Illinois Expert
ment Station.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28
Apples wrapped For Long Keeping

Indications from experiment at the
New Hampshire experiment station
are that for long keeping of apples
wrapping is of decided advantage.
Light and heavy waxed paper, tissue
paper and newspaper We're used for
wrapping, and there was but little diff
ference in their effectiveness, newspa-
per being practically as effective as the
more expensive kinds.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1902-11-28

Secure a> much sauolhnp~S of out
line as is consistent with low flesh. be
ing especially careful to avoid too great
prominence til hips. tail head and shoul
ders Avoid rough, open shoulders.
sway backs and large. coarse heads
with small eyes set in the side Of the
head Short. broad heads ana short,
thick ncrhS Indicate strong tendencies
toward heefmaking. \ large. promi-
ueut and mild eye IS to be desired. The
mild eye denotes that the animal has a
quiet disposition, which all feeders
know is So desirable in a Steer intended
for the feed lut The distance between
eye aud horn should he short, and the
horn should be Hat and Of medium fine
ness rather than round and coarse,
The lower jaw should he heavily coat
ed with muscle. The muzzle. lips ANA
mouth should be large, but not coarse
Good General Quality.
1t is wen to distinguish between
what might he called general quality
and handling quality. BY general
quality is meant general refinement of
external conformation us seen in the
head horn, bone. compactncsS and
smoothneSS Of outline. General quail
ity is affected 10y nothing 50 much as
by breeding. Good qualify is seldom
found in a plainly bred steer. but is
generally characteristic OF well bred
animal. While it is characteristic
that involves many points and is diff
cult to describe. it is this characteristic
more than any other that we depend
upon rs indicating that the animal has
within it the possibility of making a
prime steer.
The Saint Paul globe., 1902-03-21
YE HAPPY FARMERS LIFE.

OF all ye Lives I wot of,
Ye farmers is most Blest,
He tills we Soil with sturdy Toll,
And wastes no Tyne in Rest.
He rises in ye Morning
When half past Two has struck,
At Tenne he hittes We Bedde again,
If vt he has good Luck
He journeys to We Stable
And milks two dozen Kline.
At half past Four he hungers sore,
And for ye Food does Pine,
OF fried Pork Chops and Coffee
He gladly does partake,
And to complete We Meal does eat
Ye luscious Buckwheat cake.
He rises from We Table,
And Follows forth ye Plowe,
But leaves his Place full soon to chase
Back home We straying Cove,
Returning TO We Meadow
He labors hard till Noon,
And then does MUNICH a Bite OF Lunch,
Which he dispatches soon.
All day he gaiIy labors
In Field and Stable-Yard,
Nor Weary grows as on he goes,
Nor finds his Work is hard.
He Beddes down all We Cattle,
When roosts we tired Lark,
A sickly Glim he takes with him,
To light him after Dark.
From one Year to another
He Harvest sows, and reaps
He lives and thinks and works and drinks
And also eats and sleeps.
What work he has not Tyne for
Is managed by his Wyfe,
All must concede tits good to lead
Ye happye Farmers life.
j. ]. Montague in Portland ~Oregonian.
The Saint Paul globe., 1902-03-21
HO VOW CALLED TO TASK
CHARGES AGAINST BROTHER-IN-
LAW REFLECT ON MINISTER.

SAN FRANCISCO, March 20.-Grave
charges against Chinese Consul General
Ho Vow, designed also to inculpate Min
lster Wu Ting Fang, all under the seal
OF the six companies are on file in the
foreign Office in Pekin says the Chron
icle this morning. Ho Vow says:
There are a number of charges. the
greatest stress being laid on the allega-
ton that | am not conducting the fight
against exclusion as aggresSively as the
complainants think / should. We are in
formed by the foreign Office that the
charges bear the imprint of the Six COM
panies. l am Informed that the sigma
lures and imprint OF the companies are
forgeries. 1t is quite possible that the
charges emanated from disgruntled high
binders incensed at the efforts 20 stop
their practices"
A prominent member of the Six com
panies said: We We're informed that the
changes comprised twenty articles.
One was the charge that a great deal OF
his time was devoted to his racing stable
and that his jockeys Wore the national
colors, yellow dragon jacket The royal
government Will not permit this.
'fhe charges gainSt the minister were
that he had previously been notified Of
all this, but had failed to call the consul
to account, and in that had shown neg
lect OF his duties"
Minister Wu and Consul General Ho
Vow are brothers-in-law.
WASHINGTON, March 2O.-Wu Ting
Fang, the Chinese minister, has been in
formed of the preference of charges
against his brother-in-law, Ho Vow. the
Chinese consul general at San Francisco
and has instituted a searching investtga-
ton If the charges are sustained, the
minister declares, no tie Of relationship
VIII block administration Of justice.