davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Omaha daily bee., 1902-12-20
CONDITION OF THE
WEATHER.

T indicates .-see OF precipitation.
l. A. WELSH,
Local Forecast Oncial.
Omaha daily bee., 1902-12-20

John II. Knapp. special commissioner Of
the Lewis and Clark Centennial exposition
10 be held at Portland. Ore, May 1 to octo-
Der 81, 1905. was here this morning and had
a conference with Governor Savage. Mr..
Knapp desired the governor to include IN
his recommendation TO the legislature for
an appropriation for the 81. Louis exposl-
ton = Recommendations to include IN that
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-08

able, but for my part am not pre-.
pared TO recommend it. It can never
overcome the spray pump for the
reason that diseases would not be
affected by it, even though it were
to exterminmate the insects (Which I
claim will never be the case) and
Bordeaux mixture and Paris green
will be in use long after Mr.. Hasel-
tines catcher is forgotten.
I do not condemn the catcher, for
there are instances in which it mag
prove to be of use, but 1 should not
think of purchasing one if I were a
farmer. If need arose, 1 could easily
rig up light of my own, and the
plan would be nothing new. It has
been done before Mr.. Haseltine' g
trap appeared upon the scene.
FRANKLIN SHERMAN, JR.
Entomologist Dept of Agriculture,
Raleigh, N. G.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-08

SILK CULTURE.
The State Department Of Agriculture 70 In,
port Supply Of Silk Worm Eges-HOW
the Worms are Fed.

The State Department Of A agriculture 90 In.
port a Supply Of Silk Worm KgeS-How
the Worms are Fed.
Correspondence OF The Progressive Farmer
In order to introduce and test the
best race of italian silk worms the
North Carolina Department of Agri.
culture has sent 80 Lombardy for q
small supply of silk worm eggs. The
eggs are expected TO arrive about
April Is or 30. Citizens of the State.
schools and public institutions de-
string to attempt the silk industry
will be supplied at net cost with
enough eggs to start the work. No
one person without previous expo
rience should attempt to inoubate
more than one tenth ounce of eggs
the first year. We will send one
tenth ounce TO any one for 80 cents
in postage stamps. Those desiring
the eggs should make application at
once.
One-tenth ounce of silk worm eggs
will produce about 1000 worms To
feed these will require about 300
pounds of fresh mulberry leaves.
The Chinese or naULticGuISs mulberry
is the best. This is the large, dark.
leaved, yellow-rooted tree very COM
mon in the State, and a great
sprouter from the roots. The
OGtheite mulberry is not very good
for worms, but may be used when
the worms are older. A hedge made
of seedlings Of the white mulberry
around an ordinary town lot or q
barn yard will furnish leaves enough
to feed the produce of two or three
ounces of eggs. This is as much az
the average family should attempt.
One year seedlings of the white
mul berry can be purchased of Mehan
g Sons, Philadelphia, Pa, for &S0
per 1, 600
1t will not be advisable TO attempt
to grow oocoons for sale. the first
year. All the oocoons should be used
to increase the supply of eggs for tine
second years crop.
The Department will publish
shortly a revised and enlarged edi-
tion of the bulletin on silk growing,
originally issued in November, 1901.
In the meantime, few copies of the
former edition remain and will be
sent free to those interested in the
new industry.
Applications for silk worm eggs
should be made TO the undersigned,
and to receive attention must be &C.
companied by the cash Not more
than two tenths ounce will be sent
to any one person. Address
GERALD MCCARTHY,
Biologist N. G. Department of Agri.
culture, Raleigh, N. G.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-08
CUMBERLAND FARM NOTES.

correspondence of The Progressive FarmeE.
Farmers here are making good use
of the beautiful weather for farna
work now. If they act according to
their expressions, they will plant
less cotton this year and raise more
home supplies. My observation and
information in the parts of the State
where 1 have travelled in the last few
months, is the tobacco acreage will
be right much increased, "a probable
decrease in cotton, and much larger
increase in 4acreage for home sup
pliee. J. G. BAIN
Cumberland Co, N. C.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-08

know 80 many farmers who, in
their desire to economize and save,
deny themselves the very things
that, taken advantage of, would be
the stepping stones to fortune. The
farmer that belongs to this class will
not hire extra help in time of need,
and at the end of a busy season iG
apt TO find himself in bed with q
doctors bill TO pay. He will not
buy improved farm implements, but
waits to borrow of a neighbor.
while his crops go down in the
field for want of cutting, or
spoil for lack of cultivation. Having
but little time to leave home, and
taking no agricultural paper to keep
him informed as TO the state of the
markets, he disposos of his produce
at a disadvantage. Conveniences
about farm or household would be
be considered extravagant. At the
end of the year there are no profits
in sight, so the old cry of farming
don't pay is started again. We
must remember that in all kinds of
business there must be certain out.
lay before success can oome.-G. T.
Shirley, Summit Point, w. Va.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-08
WHAT IS A SEED, AND HOW Is IT PRO
DUCEDI

Correspondence OF The Progressive Farmer.
A seed may be defined as a V young
plant and it's reserve, food material
enclosed within normally protect
i've layer.
Some times the food material is
deposited beside or around the plant
let, as in the seeds of Indian corn and
wheat. Again the food material
may be collected in the plantlet it
self, giving it a white, meaty ap-
pearance. Bean seeds are of this
structure.
It Is a mistake TO say that plants
grow from the seed; or rather it q
half-truth, for the question is,
Whence did the plantlet come that
is already present in the seed and
needs only TO renew it's development
when the seed germinates? This
can be answered in a word. Leaving
out some peculiar conditions of de-
velopment, it may be said that all
plantlets in seeds arise from eggs.
The next question is, Whence
comes the egg from which the plant
let develops? The reply is, that the
egg, as in all other ins tances, is pro
duoed in the body of female plant.
Still another question: Where is
one TO look for the female plant of a
rose or willow, or any other seed
producing species? To this, we an
swer that the female develops from
q spore.
Again one inquiries, Where is the
spore TO be sought? To this is the
response that it is found in the
young oUuLe or rudimentary seed.
What then is the seed rudiment?
1t is a spore case which produces at
its centre the single, large, thin,
walled spore. Suoh a spore is called
an. embryo sac, and it may be easily
found by opening pine seeds in con es
not more than one year old.
How is 1t possible for such an
egg, developed and retained within
the tissues of a spore-case, to obtain
formulation? Here comes into play
an adaptation on the part of the
male plants Of the producing
varieties The pollen grain, which
is a nqicrospOre, is blown by the
wind or carried by an insect from
the stamens of the plant Cor the
flower) TO the pistil, where it is de-
posted on the stigma, which is the
opened end of the pistil. Here the
pollen-spore terminates, producing
delicate thread, like acob-web, which
grows through the tissues of the
stULe down TO the surface of the large
spore, imbeded in the rudimentary
seed. By this time the female has
within the large spore and
has produced her egg. The end of
the pollen-tube penetrates sperm
which fuses with the egg, and then
is accomplished.
Then the egg becomes an embryo
which grows and produces a short
stem, one or more seed leaves Qn
most plants) and a root. While the
is developing, the tissues or
the spore- case and the membranes
it become modified into
the outer layers or seed coats. When
the embryo pauses in it's growth and
passes into a temporary dormant
condition the seed is said TO be ripe
1t may not, however, be able at once
TO germinate.
If the reader has followed this ex.
Dlanation CLOSELY, / believe he will
have a faint conception of what a
seed 10 and how it is produced.
j. @. BEAVERS.
A p NJ NoIJaOo West RaleiRh N. q, ]
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-08

of commercial fertilizer, and the
land sapped of crop of cotton seed
to haul TO the oil mill.
Wonderful progress has been made
in agriculture along certain lines,
but most Of that progress, if not all,
consists of labor-saving machinery.
We are shipping our land across the
ocean faster than we are making it..
It has been said that Ireland was
shipped to America in the form of
oats, 80 that now the country can
scarcely produce enough for home
use. The same may now be said of
the South: we are shipping our lands
away in form of cotton faster than
we are making the land.
I intended to explain the chemical
reaction that takes place in the soil
when these green crops are turned
under with the acid phosphate. AS
the green vegetation undergoes de-
cay, ammonia is released and coming
in contact with the sulphurio acid
used in making the acid phosphate,
sulphate of ammonia is formed
which is q fixed salt of ammonia and
will not evapOrate, while the lime is
released as a hydrate and acts upon
any potash or humus in the soil.
Other aoids also combine with the
ammonia while the phosphoric acid
may or may not undergo a change in
proportion as free lime is present, or
phosphate of potash may be formed
When renters are very limited as
to means to purchase, the seed and
acid phosphate used as in the forego-
ing experiment (as most of them
are), would it not abundantly repay
the land owner to furnish these
things and to see to it that his land
is improved on a plan like this, or
something better if he knows of any
thing better? Unless some uniform
system having for its object the en-
riohing and improving our lands in
the South, in less than fifty years
very ittleIof it will be worth owning,
that is of the land constantly let to
ignorant tenants. The climate and
other natural advantages possesshd
by the South renders it one of the best
agricultural countries in the world
but oh, how these natural advan-
tages have and are being abused
Largely over half the corn, meat,
hay and -four consumed in the South
now comes from the West. 1t is
questionable if education will do
much to remedy this evil in many
years unless the young men educated
in our agricultural schools and COL
leges are given better showing as
regards home patronage than they
have been in the past.
Hoping that the above plan for
enriching some of our worn
out soils will receive the attention
which it merits, I will close, but l
must say that this plan will charge
the soil with sufficient humus TO feed
twenty crops of wheat.
D P. MEACHAM.
Wake Co, N. G.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-08
Wake Co, N. G.
THE EAST TENNESSEE FARMERS CON.
VENTION.

The East Tennessee Farmers Con-
vention and Farmers Institute will
hold it's 9th annual meeting in Knox
Vile on May 21, % and %. The rail
roads have granted a single fare for
the meeting and the tickets will be
good from May goth and 25th inolu
sive This is the first time that a
single fare has ever been obtained
for this convention and in view of
the fact that there was such d fine
attendance last year, there is every
reason for anticipating a much larger
number of farmers at the coming
meeting.
It is expected that Secretary Will
son, ex Gov. Hoard, Hon 7. B. Terry
and other noted agricultural experts
will be present and deliver addresses
at the different sessions of the con.
vention. The detailed programme
is now in process of preparation and
will be issued during the last week
in April.
Those desiring special infCrmati IN
about the meetings can secure the
same by applying to Prof. Andrew NJ.
Soule, Secretary, Knoxville, Tenn.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-08

Hillsboro Observer: Our farmers
report that wheat is improving and
the prospect for fair crop is grow.
ing brighter in some sections. This
seems so be the news from all over
the State as to wheat. Is is said that
the oat crop in this county will be
almost a com plete failure.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-08

Extremes of ups and downs in food
soon dry up COW.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-08
CONCLUSION.

Ihe catcher will do some good, but
It's my Judgment that it will not
O' found to noticeably lessen the
1un Der of pests in any field or
orchard. For small gardens and
green houses it mag be found profit
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1902-04-08
Ag culture.
THE rH CATCHER.

rntomologist sherman Carefully Examines
the Arguments, Pro ct Cen, and Concludes:
~ should not Think Of Purchasing One if
rWere Farmer"
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1902-11-06
Richer in Quality than most
t0e Cigars
LEWIS
SINGLE
BIN DER
sTRAIGHT5eCIGAR

Compare them with other Cigars and
you find good reasons for their costing
the dealer more than other brands
FRANK p LEWIS. PE0Rn.itL
ORIGINATOR TIN FOIL SMOKER PACKAGE
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1902-11-06
Extra

Mrs. Bert Leamon and children are
visiting relatives in Anita.
Mrs. Hersom, wife of our Prof, Wis
tied sister in Griswold last week.
G. s. Ruther, wife and children re-
turned from their pleasure trip to Ok
lahoma.
Mrs. F. Gault is enjoying new
stanhope these fine days. A present
from her husband.
Will Everett and wife, of Wilton
Junction, we're calling on old friends
in Extra last week.
Mrs. Frank Basham and children are
visiting at the home of her father,
George Cannon, at Oakfield.
W. "A. Wellman and wife are at Storm
Lake on visit to Mr.. Wellman's
mother who resides ut that place.
Jessie Milliman will return this week
to Clarinda having had good visit
with her parents, Bry Milliman and
wife.
Mrs. NJ. J. Riley and Mrs. J. Nc
Aninch left Tuesday for Red Oak to
attend a Club Convention held at that
place this week.
Moses BrinKerhoff will start for Gold
Greek, Mont, where he expects to stay
the winter and in the spring invest in
a ranch and try ranch life for while.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1902-11-06
Viola Center.
VIM. Heiter is still very sick.

VIM. Heiter is still very sick.
Mrs. George Law visited in Bayard
Thursday.
P. Bickelhsupt visited T. Davis in
Audubon Friday.
Lottie Nc Culley is visiting her sister
in Calhoun county.
Cretsinger Bros. thrashed for John
Moreland Thursday.
Miss Benson closed her school in
district No. 8, Friday.
Rememb Der the services at the M. E.
church Saturday evening.
Mr.. Grubs, of Coon Rapids, is gath
ering corn for r. l.. Hoffman.
Albert Bickelhaupt and wife spent
Sunday at the Dyson Dye home.
Mrs. Josephene Ruhs is serisusly
sick at her home in Melville township.
Mrs. B. G. Booten, of Coon Rapids,
is visiting her daughter, Mrs. William
wager.
County Superintendent, A. Farquhar
was visiting schools through the town.
ship Wednesday.
Ida Smith closed a successful term
of school in Melville township Friday.
She will teach the winter term.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1902-11-06
Gray.

Joe Cam was here on business Sat
urday.
Mr.. O'Neil was seen on our streets
one day last week.
Mr.. Lowe, of Audubon, visited
friends here Sunday.
Ada Kittell and Ethel Audas drove
to Audubon Monday.
Belle Lancelot spent Sunday with
her parents at this place.
John Needles visited Sunday with his
sister, Mrs. Elmer Beams.
Mrs. Shelley and Clara made bust
ness trip to Audubon Monday.
Mrs Foster is enjoying visit from
her sister and niece of Montezuma.
Thos. Kennedy and wife and Mrs.
Higgins drove to Manning Thursday.
Sidney Swaney, of Manning, visited
Sunday with his cousin, Mrs. W. 81.
Barger.
Mrs. Clark, of Hamlin, is visiting
bulb WOCh Wlbh hcA hSehChb AAAo'
Greenlee.
Clara and Daisy Anderson visited
Monday with their sister, Mrs. John
Campbell.
Clara Bingham, of Manning, is visit
ing this week with her cousin, Glennie
Babcock.
Howard Kettell and Arden Shelley
each closed successful term OF school
last Friday.
Mrs. James Foster and children Wis
tied over Sunday with friends and rela-
tives at this place.
On account of the rain Friday the
social at Mr.. Babcocks was postponed
until Saturday, which was quite we'll
attended considering the weather.
There will be Harvest Social at the
hall Nov. 18th. Everyone is invited to
attend. The proceeds to be equally
divided and go to raising the W. b.
parsonage and repairing the M. E.
church. There will be no regular
price for supper but each one is sup
posed to give free will offering in
silver of whatever amount they feel
able and willing to give.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1902-11-06
Cameron.

Jane Stewart, of Ross, was visitor
here Sunday.
Nate Moore has been on the sick list
the past few days.
Ed Finch was business visitor here
one day last week.
VIM. Fry, of Audubon, is finishing
in this neighborhood this week.
Dennis Buckner, of Lincoln town
ship, was a Sunday visitor here.
Mrs. L. NJ. French, of Dexter, was
visiting friends in this township few
days ago.
Mrs. John McGill, of Crawford
county, has been visiting for a short
time at Joseph Johnston's.
A few of our people attended the
republican speech in Gray last week
and were we'll pleased with the elo-
quent address.
The carpenters have completed their
work on Geo. McCuen's new barn. 1t,
with the house he built the past sum-
mer, makes his farm very nicely i'm
proved.
The telephone line extending north
from Ross to here has just been COM
pleted aud is now in nice working Or
der. Cameron will soon have a fine
telephone system.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1902-11-06

Sparks Baker starts this week for
Oklahoma where he expects to buy
land.
Grandpa Nedrow has returned from
visit with his son Henry in South
Dakota.
Elwood Kester returned home last
week from Missouri where he had been
looking at land.
Cora Garmire started for Sac City
Monday where she will spend a few
days visiting her sister.
Will Andrew bought an so acre farm
GO miles south east OF Des Moines
recently and expects to move there
soon.
Grandma Altman went to Audubon
Saturday where she will spend the
rest of the winter with her daugh-
ter, Mrs. Samuel Switzer.
Chas. Wiley has just returned from
the southeastern part of South Dakota
where he went to look after his farm.
He reports the crop good this year.
There will be no preaching at the
German church next Sunday on
account of Rev. Ehlers assisting at the
dedication of the Manning Lutheran
church.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1902-11-06

Charlie Milliman came home from
Marine Saturday to pass Sabbath with
his family, and then concluded to re-
main until Tuesday to cast his vote.
Mrs. Hanna Campbell left Tuesday
for Atlantic to visit a short time and
then go to Colorado where we under
stand she expects to make her future
home.
The schools were closed last Thurs
day afternoon and Friday that the
teachers might attend the meeting of
teachers's association in Council
Bluffs.
IBID" Workman while wrestling
with Will johnson Thursday injured
his hip which will prevent him from
waiting on customers at the store for
some time.
A bus load of our young people drove
down to Albert Bintners last Thursday
evening, where they enjoyed themselves
immensely Il ipping the light fantastic
until the wee small hours.
Professor Hersom, and the Misses
Harsh, Huyck, Soar, Norton, Hansen
and Shannon, attended the State
Teachers Asso citation at Council Bluffs
last Friday and Saturday.
The small boys around town feel
that they have been unjustly defrsud-
ed of their natural rights Halloween.
On account of the number of police
they were unable to stir the town up
as usual.
Mrs. Joseph McClain, who accom-
panied her husband as far as Omaha
on his way south, has returned to Ex-
ira where she will remain until his re-
turn when they will depart for their
home at Ocean Park, Cal.
The oyster supper given by the foot
ball team on Halloween owing to the
inclemency of the weather, was not as
great a success financially as could be
wished, but never the less very enjoy
able time experienced by all.
The Thursday Club will meet with
Mrs. Laura Delahoyde Nov. 6, leader,
Mrs. George Henshaw and subject,
Nashville, National military Park,
Lookout Mountain, Great Battles of
Tennessee. Reading, Mrs. Lena Della
hoyde. Roll call will be answered by
giving the names of great inventors
and their inventions.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1902-11-06
Brayton.

Lucille Connrardy, of Extra, visited
friends in Brayton Monday.
Emile Frise and wife, west of Bray
ton, have the care of sick baby.
W. r. Koob purchased driving
team of ]. O. Hartman last week.
T. J. McGovern shipped two car
loads of cattle to Omaha Tuesday.
Joe Smith commenced shingling o
large barn for Levi Griffith Monday.
Dick Clark and wife have SICK
baby. Ithas something like the grippe.
Anna Bopp, of Atlantic, visited over
Sunday with her aunt and uncle, T. J.
McGovern and wife.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1902-11-06
HamIin.

J. G. johnson was in Brayton Mon
day on business.
P. Nelson has fine new writing desk
at his Office which cost him $4,000.
Myrtle Justesen was in Audubon be-
tween trains Monday, to do some extra
shopping.
Frank Hopley went to Atlantic the
first of the week on business and to
visit friends.
]. F. Petersen went to Atlantic on
business Tuesday returning on the
evening train.
George Wells, the we'll known one
hundred bushels day corn picker, is
husking for W. Hopkins this fall.
Mrs. s. Bollen, sister of Rev. Wirth
and Edna Heller, came up last Wednes-
day to visit at the Wirth home for few
days.
81. johnson, wife and little boy, who
live three miles east of ElKhorn, visited
at the home of his brother, ]. g. John
son, Sunday.
Charles Spencer has rented the
Charles Oberholtz place of 12G acres,
three miles northeast of Extra. He
pays $40 rent.
Katie Summers came Monday to
visit at the Wirth home. Katie and
Edna Heller returned to their home at
Geneseo, ILL.,, Tuesday.
@. Justesen has again quit the coal
business. He turned it over to Pete
Nelson, as he couldn't attend to the
store right and coal too.
1t was Just like town at the Centre
school house Tuesday voting for the
best men. All had their opinion ami
voted as they thought right.
Hallowe'e n night came as usual, but
people around here aroused to find
things in their places, but think they
can thank the rainy night for same.
N. Christensen, of Elkhorn, visited
over Sunday at the home of his son-in-
law, @ johnson. He invested in big
cook stove before returning to Elkhorn.
James East went to Atlantic Satur-
day on business and to visit his son and
wife, Frank East, who works in a
jewelry store there, and returned home
Monday.
B. Powell and Ira Drake, who have
been building big double corn crib
for George Gill, finished this week and
returned to Audubon, looking for an
other snap.
Lightning struck H. Martensen's
new barn Saturday night doing about
$1,000 worth Of damage. 1t was lucky
for Hans as he had it insured Saturday
and will get damages.
Preaching at the Evangelical church
Sunday morning at IL o'clock. Young
Peoples meeting at 7 o'clock, church
in the evening at 8 o'clock. Prayer
meeting every Wednesday evening.
Frank McNally and family were
called to the bedside of his father
who was very sick with heart trouble,
Thursday morning. He was not ex-
pected to live but was better at last
report.
Joel Creese had letter from Fl.
Percy, well known here as our agent
and grain buyer for number of years.
He sold out his.restaurant at Nicola and
turned his hands to carpentering. We
wish Harry success in his new business.
The following was the township
ticket elected Tuesday: For clerk,
Thos. Coglan; Justice of the Peace,
Chas. Higgins and @. V. Christensen
Constables, Bert McNutt and Willie
johnson; Trustee, George Scott; As
SCISSOR, John McKibben,