davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-12-21

In the southeast receive the neccssaries
they require from Europe by way Of the
Zambesi and Lake Nyassa routes
The company intends to supply all its
stations from the Congo, and for this pur-
pore II Ia throwing wooden bridges across
streams, building wagon roads TO connect
the navigable parts Of rivers and importing
bullock carts. such as are used in the
Transvaal. Ultimately a railroad will be
built from Tenke In the south OF the pro-
vince to connect with the system that il to
be extended southwark from Stanley Falls
on the upper Congo. SO that nearly all
Of the commerce of the province to and
from Europe will be carried all the way
by steam.
Most Of the northern half of the province
Ia found to be particularly rich in rubber,
the harvest Of which, just beginning. is
already yielding about two tons month
The region around Lake Semba and the
basins Of the Lubefu and Sankuru rivers,
to the south Of the fifth parallel are par
ticularly rich In rubber and ivory.
As fast a. the company harvests rubber
1t Is planting new rubber vines. A great
number have already been planted and
the company intends to give special atten-
ton 10 this culture
The attempt to raise cattle in the country
has already had very satisfactory results
Every station is now in possession OF num-
Der Of head Of cattle. The cattle are driven
hundreds Of miles to their destination In
Katanga and arrive there in the best Of
condition.
1t is expected to Use oxen to haul the
Boer carts over the wagon roads. The
company also instructed it's agents to at
tempt the domestication OF the zebra and
elephant for haulase purposes. The fret
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-12-21
RICHES or kATANGA.
The Most Remarkable Region Yet Found
In Central Africa.

No part Of tropical Africa is attracting
80 much attention az the province Of
katanga, in the extreme southeast part
of the Congo Free State. We heard Of
katanga many years ago, when Cameron,
pioneering his way through the country
declared that it was very rich in copper.
The whole province is now in the hands
Of the Katanga Company, a Belgian COR
poration, which is now expanding a great
deal OF capital, energy and labor to de-
velop the province. which is "a large as
France and includes most Of the far upper
Congo. The results Of the present ex-
plorations and studies encourage the COM
pany 10 redouble H. efforts
Within the past fifteen months the COM
pany has established nineteen posts, under
the direction Of sixty-five white agents.
in all parts Of the province. on the west
shore Of Lakes Tang -nyika and Mweru,
on the rivers whose waters form the upper
Congo and in the mining regions Of the
south. 1t il sending supplies to most Of
these stations from the Congo. but those
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-12-21

ended that an explanation of their source
was furnished and then. it was made by
Gen. Swayne at the Presidents camp at
the Old Faithful geyser in the Yellowstone
Park. where a part of Rufus Hatch's big
excursion party coming in from the North
met the company OF the President. A
New York newspaper man who had, at the
invitation Of President Arthur, brought to
the camp Of Gen. Sheridan number Of dis
tinguished foreign guests of Mr.. itch.
asked Gen. Swayne about the authorship
Of the unique dispatches recording the
movements Of Gen. Arthur and his party
From the nature OF the guarded responses
made by Gen, Swayne It was assumed that
he was the inventor OF the plan that had been
followed
This was the scheme Each day, as SOM
ar the troops had made camp. which was
usually soon after noon. a member Of the
party. chosen according to a system Of
rotation not divulged. at once composed the
despatch describing, or purporting to de-
scribe, the movements and incidents Of the
previous twenty -four hours Beyond the
injunction to be brief there was no re-
straint imposed except that OF reasonab BILE
accuracy within poetic license"
Following this plan, each member Of
the party became more than once a con-
'tributor to the press, Gen. Swayne very
posi- lively refused to indicate the author of
any particular report. admitting that con-
Germ for his own reputation would prevent
such recklessness even II he were not bound
by the pledge Of secrecy given when the
plan was first put In operation. He init
mated. however, that Col. Crosby had kept
Q record Of the authors Of the messages,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-12-21

MI Williams has made protiles Of the
geological formations in the important
gold regions he has discovered SAMPLES
OF quartz collected in several districts
nave been sent to London for reduction
ana assay and the result is that not a few
regions In southern Kaa.ga are declared
10 nave plentiful supplies Of rich, gold.
bearing quartz
VI course. these promising gold fields
cannot be developed until mining ma
chinery Is introduced into the country.
ms VIII be done in the near future. M.
Williams Is to have general direction OF
the mining and Is to receive a certain MR.
centage of the OUTPUT
before quartz mining is begun, how
ever, It is probable that n good deal n,
aiiivial gold will be b,ained From one
littie deposit OF alluvial gold. for example.
~, ,ne banks OF the kambove River one
IN short tins 1t is estimated thai. plso.r
inning VIII yield a very larse aIno,Ini ~
gold; The alluvial deposits along four
creeks have yielded from thirteen TO for,v-
e,eht grains OF gold to the cubic metre OF
More news Of development is now coming
from hatanga than from any other parr
OF inner Africa; The latest REPORTS show
me Ies'u,s OF the assay Of copper ores In
"'''' ~ was FOUND that most n
the haianga specimens Yielded the ra.
markable proportion Of about one-third
pure copper, In almost all the specimens
ALSO gold was found. from a mere trace to
ton of material e"'''' W INC
The copper mines are believed to no
among the richest in the world. Az tho
work OF developing Katanea in all direcD
lions, ~ proceeding rapidly, the province ia
nkely IN the cpurse OF few years to mats
q decided impression In the great marIs,S
ior an the products which II is ala To g.
tribute TO the worlds supply.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-12-21

results have been encouraging that a
number of men have been detailed to give
exclusive attention To this question.
At last accounts there were only six
domesticated elephants in Africa but they
were doing as good work as is done by the
Indian elephant. The efforts to mako
these animals useful certainly encourages
further endeavor in this direction.
The great riches Of the katanga province,
however. are to be found in the mineral
regions which cover nearly all of the south
ern part OF the country. The work Of
studying these mineral resources has now
been in progress for about a year and a
half
The first important information received
was from Robert Williams. an engineer in
the service of the Tanganyika Concession.
British concern. He Informed the Ka-
tahga Company that his agents whiis
hunting for mineral resources north Of
the Zambesi. had made journey into
Katanga and had found there important
sources Of gold. -
An arrangement was at once made by
the company with Mr. Williams TO con-
tinue the work of prospecting and the
results have surpassed all expectations.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-12-21

to fall into the hands OF the hated Ameri-
cans. When he realized that the fort must
fall, be had the lantakas buried in the earth
in the fort, They were very quickly found
after the Americans got in.
The manner Of using the lantakas was
similar 10 the PandaI atan style. They were
mounted on pivots and fired through
embrasures. Down on the shore of the
lake the natives had a stone barricade with
lantakas in it, having expected the Ameri-
can column to land there TO attack Alaciu.
But the column marched around the point
and the beach fort was not of much assist
ancc to the Moro fort. These forts Of the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-12-21

It's field director. DR.. James B. Mes. In gath,
ering q large fund TO defray expenses ana
in few months will probably begin opera
tons ON a large scale.
II IL possible. Bible in hand, to 60 through
Palestine from Dan to Beersheb a and pick
out this or that mound and say: Here must
have been such and such an ancient CITY
or fortress" But 1t IL inn ossibie to he
certain until excavation exposes the char
acter OF the buried monL ments
Tradition has done much to preserve the
histoi ical associations Of the various spots.
chapel Is erected In the carpenter shop
at Nazareth and there Is another chapel in
the home Of Joseph and Mary.
fed with the life of Jesus from the Grotto
VI Nativity with the stone manager In
which the infant was supposed to have
been laid, TO the cave in the field OF Boaz
where the shepherds were when the star APP
peared to them.
With infinite care the church has pre-
served objects such az the stone which
the angels are said to have roll d away
from the mouth Of the ton r. the Res
direction. Tradition is perhap, correct
when il selects a certain grotto n the Gar
den Of Gethsemane as the grotto Of the
Agony
There is, too, the stone. of the Anoint-
ment on which the body Of Jesus was pre-
pared for burial, but there are many
doubtful points connected with the various
cities and sites Of Palestine.
The Turks guard with jealous care any
attempt TO examine the Church OF the
Holy sepulchre and ascertain what tomhs
are there. They will not permit the ex-
animation Of the tomb Of Rachel
Neither jew nor Christian il permitted
to approach nearer than the grating. II
would he a great triumph for the Bible
IL II were possible to open this tomb and
find there the embamed body of the wife
Of the Patriarch. but Mohammedan preju-
dices oppose the suggestion unalterably.
1t has been estimated that there are at
least three hundred HNs or mounds 81
ruins scattered over Palestine awaiting
examination. II is known that the Arats 5,
wherever they find an ancient tomb, rife
II for jewels and sell any ancient object
found in II to the first pilgrim that pa ses
In this way the historic value Of the tomb
II lost because il is most necessary to know
where these objects are found in order to
date them and place them historically.
il has been suggested that the great
mound covering what is supposed to lie
the site Of ancient Samaria would he n
most fruitful field Of invest igation Here
once stood he ivory palace Of Jezelel,
looking out over the sea, the discovery Of
which would go far toward establishing the
value OF many statements In the Biblical
Books Of Kings
The climate has prevented any attempt
TO examine the remains OF Jericho, yet that
interesting solither capital will some day
yield valuable finds to an excavator Who
will bray the rers not only Of Arab chiefs,
but Of the fevers Of this low lying district
II Is not enough for the investigator 10
receive permission from the Sultan to
work upon any Of these buried cities but
he must gain the good will OF the Aral :
around him, for the Turkish soldiers are
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-12-21

40 few and scattered that their control or
conditions IL limited; as a result, preserving
the peace depends more on the tad OF me
excavator and the way IN which ne dis-
than upon the good will of the Sultan.
There re many scenes which, OF course,
are opcn to no question, such a. the Sea OF
Galilee, and Jerusa lem itself: Tut whether
men are right in locating the ancient tana
where water was turned into wine, as being
on the road to Tilerias four miles east OF
Nazareth, or, as Others would have it,, at
Kama i l-Jelli near Sepphoris. nine miles
north OF Nazareth. can be decided only by
excavat'ng.
Catholic tradition has marked out a
spot upon the Mount OF Olives as the place
OF the Ascension, but many Biblical scholars
will not accept this. because II IL said IN the
New Testament that Jesus during his last
meeting with the Apostles lied them out
as far as to Bethany"
careful study of topography at times
leads TO more or less exact identification
of certain spots As was natural. Nazar-
eth is filed with tradit ionally holy places.
such as the Virgins House: but there Ia
one special incident Of Jesus's life a Naza-
reth which points TO a definite locality
and that is -the brow of the hills whereon
the city was built" down which the infuri-
ated men OF Nazareth sought TO cast Him
headlong
The monks transferred this scene to the
so-called Mount OF Precipitation, half an
hour southeast of the town. but high up
in the older village there is a scmi-circ1e
of steep cliffs now concealed partially by
underground which scholars now believe
was the scene of this attempt. In ex-
cavating the upper piat form there recently,
many traces OF ancient buildings nave been
found and it is supposed that they were
erected while the tradition of this location
was still fresh. The value Of careful
study. not merely OF the modern town bear
ing an ancient name. but Of the country
sometimes a mile or two away, II necessary,
il our geography IL TO be correct
Ii L. admittsu that the Mosque of Omer
s founded on the site OF the ancient Temple
of Solomon, and the sinking Of shafts at
the south wall Of the platform has shown
that there was a remarkable wall there
nearly coo feet long and $50 feet in height.
A. il now stands the wall Is considered "A
must 1t have been when the tall towers of
the Temple stood high above it and thou-'
sands fockcd toward it from all parts OF
the land?
It is thought that Solomon's palace
originally stood at the south end Of the
platform. for it is there that the excavator
found great vaulted crypts. The Temple
Of Solomon, as far 90 mon can tell from
the buried wills, must have been an oblong
900 by 900 feet. with his palace COO by 800
| feet to the south OFF il.
MANY years must pass before IL can he
said that Palestine has been explored
Better than agitation, for its complete
| political possession, will be, probably, or
| ganizei effort to excavate and survey the
Holy Land everywhere, and thus gain actuG
| possession OF the history of the sacred
places-a far greater treasure than tho
| ownership Of the soil
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-12-21

Battery. under command of Capt. McNair.
Troop A. Fifteenth Cavalry. in charge of
Lieut.. Mangum and the Engineering Corps
under Capt Morrow, surrounded this fort
II was seen that it could not be carried by as
sault without considerable loss. There
fore siege operations were begun.
The high walls were covered with the
usual shrubbery 80 that the enemy could
shoot at US to advantage without being
seen. Tho occasional puffs of smoke OH
the wall, however. located the position Of
the Moro marskmen and volley from our
lines would quickly respond to every shot.
The artillery did very effective work in
sending solid shot through these great
walls OF earth. bamboo. stone and sandbars
and damage was done. but an effective
entrance could not be broken through the
walls. The artillery also maintained a hot
s'irapnel Are and many shells burst directly
inside the fort.
The companies of infantry held their
line with the fort surrounded from the
forenoon Of Oct. until the next morning,
keeping up a constant return fire on the
fort.
A in the march against Pandapatan last
April and May. the column In approaching
Maciu had come across many small forts
and stockades OF the enemy along the line
Of march from Camp Wears, but these
places were captured without any trouble
As at Pandapatan the Moros continued to
fall back from these weaker forts to make
. stand at one Of their strongholds.
Maoiu proved to be the strongest and
best equipped fort Of them all and the
Moros Of the Maciu dist riot were assembled
therein upon cur arrival and kept up theil
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-12-21

and II posterity yearned for a new and
revised edition of the masterpieces he had
no doubt that they could he supplied from
the exact originals, or faithful reproduce
tons Of them.
AS the President had written in his turn.
and Gen, Sheridan and Mr.. Lincoln took
their medicine when their turns came.
this revelation of the manner in which the
record was made gave the dispatches q
new interest quite apart from the intrinsic
news or literary value of the compositions.
Efforts were afterward made to induce
Senator Vest and Lincoln to acknowledge
responsibility for certain selected samples.
but it is not known that either ever gave
other than prompt negative answer.
III l should admit my guilt" said Mr..
Vest on one occasion. when he was an
pealed to TO say which messages he had
written, Il should not dare to return to
Missouri. To seek to be reelected to tho
Senate, having confessed to such damnine
gibberish, would be to invite deserved pun
ishment-that retirement prescribed for
feeble minds"
Col. mike" Sheridan never heard the
subject referred TO without manifestinp
alarming symptoms Of anxiety. Gen
Arthur declared. when he was sounded
with the hope Of gaining his permission that
the puzzle Of authorship might be unrav-
elled, that he felt a. sure of perpetual re-
crecy about the origin Of the Western
dispatches az II the matter had been con-
fided to the sole care Of Secretary FrelinE-
huysen. Anybody who knew Mr. Freling-
huysen knew that this meant that the
Sphinx was as likely to tell as anybody who
travelled with the President. .,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-12-21
GEN. SWAYNES NEWS SYNDICATE.
His Death Recalls strange Dispatches
About Gen. Arthur's Western Trip.


The late Gen. Wager Swayne was one Of
President Arthurs most intimate friends.
When In the summer OF 1883 the President
consented to join Gen. Sheridan in long
excursion through Wyoming and Montana,
Gen Swayne accepted his invitation to
become one OF the party. which included
Secretary Of War Lincoln, Senator Vest
Cen John Schuyler Crosby. Col. NJ. V.
Sheridan. Major Forwood. now Surgeon
General retired, and one of two others.
The party arranged to follow a trail
picked out by Gen. Sheridan through the
Wind River country and after leaving the
railroad at Rawlns it was determined to
cut loose from civilization and the news
papers. Information about the party to be
provided from day to day by couriers to he
sent 70 the nearest telegraph station.
As there were no reporters in the Presi-
dents company, and none Of Gen. Arthur's
guests had had any newspaper training
some plan was needed TO furnish the supply
Of news. A the result OF the party's
efforts In this direction daily dispatches
about the progress of the outfit reached
Rawlins and the rest of the country.
These dispatches at once excited wide
spread curiosity and amusement. None
was worth much M news. Some were dis
mally awkward and perplexing, Others
were grave. or sentimental. or poetical,
dwelling . good deal on sunsets and sun
rises and the quality and quantity varied
day 10 day.
It was not until the picnic was nearly
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-12-21

plan Of the Nonists to purchase Palestine
for the Jews.
The plans Of both are opposed to the
interests Of Russia. That Government
to-day has its strongholds in most Of the
principal towns of Palestine. They are
called monasteries, but are actually forts,
and the Gar would resent the control Of the
sacred places by any power other than his
own.
Bethlehem IL a Christian city and Naza-
reth contains a large number Of Christians;
but with these two exceptions. Christian
power il very small. Jewish control il
altogether wanting. so that it Ii the Turk
who stands guard,
Even when it comes to studying the
Holy Land the efforts Of Europeans are
hampered on every side by the Turkish
regulations. II is true that the English
Pale ne Exploration Fund has made an
excellent survey OF Palestine. the Oh yccm-
plete work done there in the interest Of
'c Srsn # com.u to ,c.v.,,o, tho Sultan
is slow To grant firnins, and even wheI
these permits are signed. sealed and de-
livered, II II happens that any spot APP
pealing 10 Mohanmedan faith il to lie
disturbed. the work Of the Investigators
must stop at the barrier Of Turkish preju-
dice.
II is due partly to this cause that 40 little
really effective work In the line OF discovery
has been done. Col. Gender has, 1t is true.
followed part of the Wall Of Jerusalem,
of the wall Of Solomon's Temple has been
found but the greatest work Of the kind
was done by DR.. Bliss at Lacllish, or. as il
is now called. Tell-el Hesy.
-In this mound Of many cities" as DR..
Bliss calls IL, were the strata of the civiliza-
tkrn, oh which a Hnlv land has
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-12-21
MUCH TO SEEK IN PALESTINE.
THE HOLY LAND A RICH FIELD
FOR THE EXPLORER.

scientific Research There Now Prevented
by Turkish Pre- judice-Little Chance
for Christianity 70 Hold Jerusalem
Speculation ~ TO Biblical sites.
Jerusalem is the spot toward which
the eyes Of Christians all over the world
turn at the Christmas season-yet il is
apparently the one spot in all the world that
is out Of the reach Of Christians.
Almost year after year Is a renewed
attempt to form a coalition Of religious
interests to get possession Of the sacred
sites. In its latest form the attempt comes
AZ proposition that all the Christian creeds
combine In great crusade to collect enough
millions Of dollars to buy the Holy Land
from the Turkish Sultan.
But to those who know the politics and
enmities of Palestine's present owners
the possibility of purchase can only APP
pear faint one. For, in the first place.
the land is holy to the Mohsmmedan no
less than it is to the Christian and the jew.
He would be both an impious and dar-
ing Moslem ruler who would essay to sell
the country that contains the tomb Of
Rachel and the site Of the Temple Of Solo
mon. held to be so sacred by the Turks
that they will not even permit excavations
near them.
Even should the Moslem dare it. he might
not he able to deliver the purchased prop
erty; for in that tract of 5000 square miles
there dwell fierce Arab fighting men. some
Of who barely acknowledge the rule of the
Turk. while others do not acknowledge il
at all. To seize the land from them would
be difficult. as difficult almost a. the at
tempt of the twelfth century crusaders.
The dream that WAS indulged in by
hundreds of thousands, when the Emperor Of
Germany went to Palestine-that he would
be the modern Godfrey to win the Holy
Land for Christianity, albeit by purchase
or treaty and not by arms-has faded away.
And what may be expected in the form Of n
united Christian movement can be esti
mated by viewing the strife and feud that
exist all the time between the Christian
sects that have foothold in the Holy City
now.
The Turk maintains an armed guard at
the Church Of the Holy Sepulchre itself TO
keep the peace between the adherents of
the Greek and Latin churches there.
The idea Of purchasing the Holy Land
for the Christians is opposed, also, by the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-12-21

end Of the battle with constant yelling.
and occasional shooting with lantakas.
or metal Moro cannon. shot guns. Reming-
tons. &C
The Sultan of Maciu had long defed
American authority. His tribesmen had
shot into our camps, cut telegraph wires.
attacked outposts and engineering parties
at work, and had boosted Of it and finally
had invited the Americans to come and
try TO get him. He supposed his fort inn
pregnable The Spanish troops had never
taken II.
Once during the engagement Lieut..
Loring and G Company attempted to storm
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-12-21

Sultan Of the Maciu district Of the lake
country in the interior of the island of
Mindanao. III into the hands of the Ameri-
can troops after sharp engagement which
began In the forenoon Of Oct /. This fort
was built somewhat differently from Fort
Pandapatan. which was taken on May 2.
1909, after a hard battle in which the cas-
ualtjes to the United States officers and
enlisted men were heavy.
In the construction of Pandapatan, re.
lance was placed upon many deep trenches
about the walls Of the fort to retard the ad-
vance Of an enemy At NJ Ia, instead of
these great trenches, an additional wall
was erected about the fort and the outer
wall seemed as strong as the inner.
When Pershing's column OF four COM
psnies Of the Twenty-seventh Infantry,
under Capt. Philips. the Twenty-fifth