davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
Ne PRODUCE 1RE IRON
United States Leads the World
and Has Made the Great
est Gain.
Great Britain and Germany Next,
But United States Exceeds
Both Together.
A Gain OF 9S5 Per Cent Since
l870-.-Exports Swelled
Thereby.
Special to Times Republican.


Washington, June 1.-The command
ing position of the United States in the
production and manufacture of iron
and steel is illustrated by some figures
published in The London Commercial
Intelligence" a copy of which has just
reached the treasury bureau of sta
tistcs.
The worlds total product of pig iron
in 1901 it says, amounted to 40,40S,0oO
tons, of which the United States con-
tributed 15,S7S,O0o tons; the United
Kingdom. 7,760,O0o tons; Germany
$1,000 tons; Russia, 100000 tons;
France, 2,362,000 tons, and the re-
mainder of the world, 3,655,Oo0 tons
Comparing the product OF 1871 WIN
that of the annual average Tor the
five-year period lS66-IO, 1t VIII be seen
that the United States has increased
its iron steel output far more rapidly
than any other nation, the figures be-
ing United States, from l,46i,oO0 tons
to 15.S7S,O0O tons, an increase of $50
Der cent: United Kingdom, from 3,l33,-
600 tons to 1,750,000 tons, an increase
of 81 per cent; Germany from l,22o,-
600 tons to 7,663,000 tons, an increase
of 525 per cent; and the entlre world
exclusive of the countries mentioned,
from 2,710,000 tons TO S,9lhOoo tons
AN increase of 236 per cent. An ever
more noticeable feature of this growth
pointed out by the authority from
which these figures are quoted, is the
steady and enormous growth of the
proportion of the worlds product sup
Piled by the United States and the
equally rapid decadence in the position
held by Great Britain Thirty
years ago the United Kingdom pro-
duced practically one-half of the
worlds pig iron, while the United
States produced less thar one seventh
of the total: whereas, in 1901, the
United States stood first in its pro-
portion of the total, contributing prac-
tically four tenths as against less than
two tenths by the United Kingdom
and about the same share by Ger
many.
In the 1ive-year period, 1S667o, the
worlds per capita CONSUMPTION of pig
was fifty-seven pounds; while in the
latter year the United States consumed
455 pounds per capita. and the United
Kingdom $50 pounds per capita.
The effect of this remarkable increase
ii, the production of iron in the United
States has been strongly marked in its
relation to our foreign commerce. I'M
ports of iron and steel manufactures in
1882 amounted to $67.916,S97 and
formed 9.3 per cent of the total inn
ports: in 1901 they had fallen to $l7.-
S74.7S9 and formed but % per cent of
the total imports. on the other hand,
our exports of iron and steel manufac-
lures have grown during the same time
from S20,14S,206 in 1882 to $11T,3f9,320
in 1901. They formed in 1882 about 3
per cent of the total exports and 10 per
cent of the manufactures exported:
While in 1901 they formed per cent of
the total exports and % per cent of the
manufactures exported
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
Humboldt Defeats AIaona.
/ to Times Republican.

Special to Times Republican.
Humboldt, June 1.-The Humboldt
athletic team went to Algona last Sat
urday, where they met the Algona boys
in a field meet and came out the winner
by a score of rs to 60. The Algona
boys We're strengthened by several new
men and have been training hard for
the past two weeks. While the Hum
boldt boys We're confident of any easy
victory had not had but little practice
ing. Therefore taking everything under
consideration, Algona should have and
did do much better than when she was
at Humboldt. having lessened their de-
feat siXty-seven points.
Evans, u new man for Algona. did the
best for his team, winning twenty lone
points while Rundlett, of Humboldt
won twenty three Humboldt was dis
appointed over losing first and second
places in the pole vault. and her men
could have won it had they been in nor
NAL condition, while they lost the ham,
mer throw by six inches. In the eve
ming the boys attended a reception for
one of the high school teachers of AL
coma, and We're we'll entertained.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
ELDoRA WON FROM AcKLEY.
Basket Ball Game Played for Ente

Basket Ball Game Played for Enter
tanment of Industrial School.
Special to Times Republican.
Eldora, June 2.-In response to an in
vitation from Superintendent Miles, of
the industrial school, who is always on
the lookout for something to entertain
and instruct the boys in his charge. the
girls of the Ackley and Eldora high
school basket ball teams played a
matched game on the ball grounds of
the industrial school Saturday after
room. 1t was a red-hot game from
start to finish. being the third of Sc
ries played by the same teams, and both
of the former games having been won
by Ackley. The game was won by Ell
dora by a score of to 2. The members
o. the Ackley team We're entertained at
dinner and the members of both teams
We're entertained at tea by Superin-
tendent and Mrs. Miles.
A good game of base ball was also
played Saturday evening on the indus
trial school ball grounds between the
high school teams of Iowa Falls and
this city, which resulted in a score of
II to 4 in favor of Eldora.
The basket ball teams of Ackley and
this city will play another game at
Radcliffe on June 10. during the X. p.
picnic.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
IHE MORGAN OF JAPAN
Ba on Shibusawa, Worth $780,
00O,0O0, Richest Man in Jap-
an. Visits Morgan.
Shipping Trust OF the Pacific
Carrying Trade Believed to
Be Contemplated.
Baron Controls Japanese Ship
ping=-0wns Forty Banks and
Some Railroads.

San Francisco, June 2.-Baron Shi-
busawa, the richest man in Japan, is
here on his way to New York, where
he is to confer with j. Pierpont Nor
gan over the union of all the steamship
companies of the Pacific ocean. He will
also make a study of steel plants and
shipyards.
Baron Shibusawa is 63 years DID, tall,
dignified. He is leading director and
largest owner in forty banks, CONNER
cial houses and industrial establish
ments. His wealth is estimated at
800. O00,0 600 He is to the industrial eX-
istence of japan what the Marquis Ito
is to it's diplomatic and political life.
The baron is a good deal of diplo-
mat and thru his interpreter he re-
turns. guarded answers when asked II
his visit to Morgan did not mean a Pa
citic ocean carrying trust.
A Washingt ton dispatch two weeks
ago stated definitely that negotiations
were afoot for the Reorganization" OF
lQS 1dCIlIC, anu Tic btiioil 10 ScAittfS'
MED by full and capable staff OF sec
retaries, business men, engineers ana
interpreters. He practically controls
the destiny of the biggest Japanese
shipping concerns, the Nippon 4usen
Kaisha Japanese imperial malD,
which has a large fleet of splendid
steamers; he is heavily interested also
in at least two other Japanese lines; he
controls the Ishikawajima Ship Build
ing and Dock Company and the Hako-
date dock; he owns railroads and banks
in Japan, as we'll as in Corea.
When all these things are considered
his visit to j. Pierpont Morgan suggests
big things.
When asked directly about ship
ming trust the baron replied that the
subsidy laws ofaJapan would prevent
such a combination, but he smiled as
tutely when his attention was called to
the fact that England and Germany
had far stricter laws than Japan, ana
vet steamship companies in those
countries had no difficulty in comoln-
ing with Morgan. He replied that ne
would take pleasure in studying the ef-
feet of British and German subsidy
laws. The party, after few days here'
will go direct to New York.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
IOWA NOTES.

The contract has been let for Maple
tons new school house. 1t will cost
$4,000.
A new duplex compressor will be in
stalled in the Dubuque water works
power house.
The eleventh annual commencement
OF the Charles City College will take
rlace on June to IL.
Mrs w. Il. Hilliller. of Red Oak, fell
down stairs and sustained fractured
skull She may not recover.
The annual institute of the Daven-
MORT district of the Epworth League
win be held at Monmouth on June 10.
IL and II.
Williamsburg high school defeated
Crinnell in the annual oratorical con-
test securing II points TO for Grin
nell.
John Johnson, a Waterman in a Bur-
)ineton planning mill, had a foot badly
crushed under a heavy timber.
Dr. Josiah Royce. the great Harvard
philosopher, will give the commences
ment address at Grinnell this year.
-Four Des Moines patromen We're let
ont bv Chief OF Police Bracket. No
specitic reason is given for the action.
t i George Newman. of Cedar Falls has
been reappointed adjutant general of
The Icwa G. A. r. by Commandant
Lindt.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
Mississippi Governor Invites Him to
Sport in Canebrake.

New Orleans, La, June An in
vitation has been extended by Governor
Longino, of Mississippi. to President
Roosevelt to visit the state on his con-
templated southern trip and take part
in a grand bear hunt in the YaZoo
canebrake, covering a large part of
SuntloWer, Coahoala, and Tallahatchie
counties. This district is famous for
bear. and is the best bear-hunting sec
ton of the country
r. e. Bobo, of Bobo, Miss, will be
master of ceremonies if the President
accepts. He is a wealthy planter with
a fine pack of dogs has a hunting
lodge in the midst Of the canebrake
and has devoted all his spare time
since 1867 to bear hunting. He has q
record of forty eight bears for last
year and a total of over 1000. be
hunts with hundred or more dogs
and his bear hunts are the most inn
portant events in that part of the
delta.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
OFFICIAL WEATHER FORECAST

sopS.ia' " liIieS-INepuDllCun.
Des Moines, June 2.-Partly cloudy.
with showers and thunder storms to-
night and in the eastern and southern
portions Tuesday; cooler.
Synopsis of weather conditions: A
trough of low pressure extends south
ward from Manitoba over the Missouri
valley. the plateau and eastern Rocky
Mountain slope TO Texas the lowest
barometer being 1850 inches at Winni-
peg. Light showers have occurred in
Iowa, Illinois and South Dakota, ana
light to heavy showers in Indiana.
Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, North
Dakota, Montana and the British
northwest, and snow was falling at the
time of observation at Havre, Mont.
The following are the largest amounts
of rainfall reported: indianapolis, .9S;
Green Bay, 1.22; Duluth, $50; Bis
marck. so; Winnipeg Los; Havre, Las;
Calgary LA.
The temperature is high over the
Mississippi valley and lower ovec the
Rocky Mountain districts.
Special to Times Republican.
Observations taken at I a. m. Local
time
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
"ov improvements at oskaIoosa.
,ecia1 to Times Renublican.

Special to Times Republican.
Oskaloosa, June "A force of thirty
men under the supervision of Section
Foreman Johnson is at work upon the
excavation for the new standard gauge
turn table to be put in by the c., b. &
@. at the South c street crossing. The
table will extend out into the street
about thirty feet, which will make bad
crossing if the street is ever opened TO
traffic. The old two stall round mouse
which now stands on the street inter-
section is to be demolished. In its stead
a new four stall house will be erected
about fifty yards west. The increase IN
the size of the house gives color to the
rumor that when the b. Il w. is Wild
ened and extended to Des Moines. Os-
kaloosa will have a division station on
the new line, will be made the mead
quarters of several trains, and Will nave
a repair shop and switch engine.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
AERoNAuT FALLS INTO RIVE
BalIoonist Windlinser Has Marrow
rana Ernnn Death at Sioux City.

BalIoonist Windlinser Has Marrow
Escape From Death at Sioux City.
Special to Times Republican.
Sioux City, June 2.-Aeronaut Wind
linger, of Harrington, Neb., tell from
his balloon into the Big Sioux river
last evening during an unsuccessful
ascension at Riverside park and almost
lost his life by drowning before he
was rescued by John Seeley and Arthur
Meade, fishermen.
Windlinger had desperate struggle
for his life. He fell into the river
with such force that water splashed
into his mouth, partly filling his lungs
and almost putting at naught his skill
as a swimmer.
Twice boats came near him and each
time the occupants became frightened
by the cries and struggles OF
the drowning man and rowed
rapidly away from him. Des-
perately the half drowned aeronaut
swan more than $50 feet before the
cool fishermen reached him from shore
and landed him safely in their boat
where he collapsed. For some time at
ter his rescue Windlinger was uncon-
scious but late last night he was able
to be up and discuss his accident.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
GOES TO WEST POINT.
!. A. Green, of Cherokee, Named for a
Cadetship

CduSJS6lp-
Special TO Times-Republican.
Sioux City, June j. ~ Green OF
Cherokee. will be named by Congress
man Lot Thomas to represent the EleV-
enth district OF Iowa in the United
States military academy at West
Point.
Since Fred Moser. of Sioux City re-
turned to Sioux city from West Pom
the Eleventh district has been without
a representative at the academy, hut
Young Green will enter the school in
August, and it is expected he will rep
resent the district with much credit.
Mr.. Green for some time has been
ambitious to secure a cadetShip at
either Annapolis or West Point. Two
wears ago at LeMars he took the exam
ination for Annapolis and he was third
in the list, Fred Moser, of Sioux City,
being first, and Aubrey Shoup of Mer-
rill, being second. Because Mr.. Moser
had not lived long enough in the state
he was refused the appointment, and it
was given to Mr.. Shoup, Mr.. Green be-
ing made alternate. Neither of them
succeeded in passing the necessary eN-
animation at Annapolis that year, bat
in the following year Mr.. Shoup passed
the examination, and he is now the
Eleventh district cadet at Annapolis.
Mr.. Green then took the examination for
West Point which was held at LeMals,
and in which Fred Moser of Sioux City.
again proved victorious. However, Mr..
Green was second with a percentage Of
94.57, while Mr.. Msers percentage was
goal
Because of Mr.. Green's good showing
Congressman Thomas has decided IL
will not be necessary to hold another
competitive examination, and Green
Will be named without such a contest
L1.ino hold
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
HAS BIG SURPLUS.
Uncle Sam Has Had Very Satisfac-
tory Year Einanaially

Uncle Sam Has Had Very Satisfac-
tory Year Financially.
Washington, June 2.-Uncle Sam has
had a remarkably satisfactory year
and for the eleven months
ending Saturday he has on hand an
available cash balance of $195,470. 222.
This is an exceptionally high record,
unequaled in the history of the
government. The surplus of receipts
over expenditures for the current fiscal
year, eleven months of which have
elapsed, is $76,400,719 This is within
$3,O00000 of the largest treasury sur
plus of the last fiscal year. and all indi-
cations point to a larger surplus for the
present fiscal year than for the previ-
Gus one. Conservative estimates fix the
surplus at between $9O,0OO,O0O and
$780, 100000. and the predictions made
by Secretary Gage shortly before his
retirement from the cabinet are likely
to be fulfilled to the letter
The accumulation of this large sur
plus has given the administration some
concern, as it was confronted with a
of the currency because OF
the immense sums locked up in the
vaults of the treasury department. This
trying problem was solved, however by
the repeal of the war revenue taxes,
which becomes effective on july l, or at
the beginning of the next fiscal year. If
the customs receipts of the government
continue at their present rate. even
with the repeal of the war taxes and
the heavy expenditures which have
been authorized by this congress, the
surplus will not be wiped out entirely.
The surplus for the current fiscal
wear will amount to $100,O00OOO. When
all of the war taxes We're in effect the
revenue derived from this source
amounted to s1o5,ooo,O0o annually.
Some time ago a portion of the war
taxes were repealed, but this had little
effect upon the receipts of the govern
ment. much to the surprise of the Off
cials of the treasury The receipts
growing out of the war taxes. however
are not as great as the surplus for the
last wear. and consequently the treas
urv will from present indications. be in
= healthy condition during the coming
fiscal wear. Notwithstanding the repeal
of the war taxes.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
THE DAY BEFORE.
IFor Comparison.]

Chicago, May 31.-Cattle-The in
significant supply today was disposed of
at the recent range of prices. which was
materially lower than last week. The
strike of the teamsters employed by the
packers has greatly crippled the local
trade.
Hogs-Hogs We're scarce today and
showed no particular change, the best
selling within nickle of The highest
price of the year.
Sheep-Unchange with the usual
meagre Saturday supply.
40; good to choice heavy, 7.25m745:
rough heavy, 7.oO@720; light, $3.50
40; bulk sales, 7.O0@7.30.
Sheep-Estimated receipts for today,
1,OOO steady; 4.5om6.25; lambs, steady,
5.OOGl7.O0.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
Good Crop Conditions.

special to Times Republican.
humboldt. June 1.-The farmers are
ho,.ine the best of crop conditions now
as good as they could wish for, with
n,enty of rain and plenty of sunshine
The greater part of the corn is up and
very good stand is reported. Most of
tho corn has been cultivated for the
first fine or is being cultivated. The
corn is free from weeds and all fields
are looking finely, the only danger be-
ing that there will be too much rain
fall which might stop the farmers from
blowing their corn when it is most
needed. the past month having been
quite moist. There will be a big crop
of early potatoes this year, drouth or no
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
JACK" WATSON TO BE HoNoRED.
Director Davis Resigns-Watson Will
Be Given His Place.

Special to Times Republican.
Grinnell. June 2.-Director of the
gymnasium, Walter w. Davis, Pm. D.,
from Yale University, has resigned his
position in the college to accept a like
position at Miami University, Ohio.
Trainer Jack" Watson, who is so well
known thruout the state as the train
er Of Iowa College track teams, will
doubtless be elected to fill this vacancy.
Watson was desired by the students for
physical director before Davis was cleo
ted to the position several years ago
and a petition from the students re-
questing his election was handed to
the faculty and trustees. The fact that
he will now hs elected is distinct tri-
butte to the character and ability of
Watson.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
THE DAY BEFORE.
[E'or Comparison.l

Chicago. May 81.
Wheat-No. red, 794SO1a; No. 3
red, 77@79lk; No. . hard 7412 G751l4;
No. 3 hard. 74@75; May, 72Ss; July OPP
ened. 72A @72k; highest, T2h@72as;
lowest, 7lA; closed. 72@721s.
Corn-No. 3, COX @61A: No. 3 yellow,
6i1a@62; May, Gil; July opened, 62B a
62A; highest, 62l5; lowest, 6lA; closed,
6l3s.
oats-No. ., 40; No. 8, sS@39; No. .
white, 1904; No. 8 white, 421a@43Hi
No. white, 1908: May, 1919; July
opened. 36%; highest, 81; lowest, 36A;
closed. 36ss.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
Electric Line Extended.

Special to Iimes-RepuplicSil'
Des Moines, June lit is announced
here that the electric interurban line
now completed from Waterloo to Den
er. Iowa. will be completed to Tripoli,
Bremen county, on the Great Western
This summer. and when Great Western
COMPLETES its new line from Oelwein to
Wayerlv the Sumner Waverly line will
no abandoned and sold to the electric
road and be operated by 1T.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
CHICAGO Grain.

Chicago. June 2.
wheat-No. 2 red, 1854 979a; No. 3
red, 76. G7SA No. 2 hard, 74A; No. }
hard, IA; June, 72A; July opened at
71ss @711a; highest, 72h; lowest, 711a;
crossing at 72ls.
Corn-No. 2. 61A: No. 8. COZ G6oa;
No. 3 white, 6114 0611a; No. yellow,
61M @62; No. 8 yellow, 6l@6lhs; June,
g.: July opened at Goa 81; highest,
62a lowest, 6osa; closing at CPS a 6212.
oats-No. 2, 39@391s; No. 3, 3SA a
SO; No. white, 4S@43h: No. white
42M043A; No. 4 white, 4115@ 421a;
June. SO; July opened at 36@361s;
highest, 81; lowest, Sc; closing at 36A
@3G1s.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
FIRE INSURANCE REPORT.
Issued by State Auditor Merriam
Shows Amount of Business Done.

Des Moines. June 2.-Auditor of State
Merriam has Issued a report covering
the fire insurance business done in Iowa
during the past year. Joint stock and
mutual insurance companies wrote
1911, 659, O76, in risks and paid $685.
7O7 in losses. State and county insur-
ance assessment associations wrote
S91. 253,7S2, in risks and paid Sass, So in
losses. All kinds of companies paid
S4,l1l.069 in losses. Insurance COM
pany fees paid during the year amount
ed to $4S,207 and the taxes to S197,0T4.
Since and including 1902 insurance
companies have paid the state S377,404
in fees and $1,39S,627 in taxes.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
CHICAGO Livestock,

Cattle-Estimated receipts for today,
1900; 10 to Is cents higher: good to
prime, T.10@7.60; poor to medium,
490@6.75: stockers and feeders, $500
500; cows. 1.G0@5.75; Texans, $3.50
6.75.
Hogs-Estimated receipts for today,
10000 cents lower: mixed butchers,
6.95m7.75; good to choice, heavy, 1.25 a
7.4G rough. heavy 7.00@7.15; light,
.6.75mI05; bulk sales, 70O@7.25.
Sheep-E,stimated receipts for today,
10000; steady; 4.oO@6.25; lambs, steady
5.000D7 90.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
Kansas CITY Live Stock.

Kansas City, June 2.
Cattle-Estimated receipts for today,
5000: steady to 10 cents lower; native
steers, 4.25@7.45; Texans and Indian
steers, 325@5S5; stoclsers and iced
ers, 2.75@5.3O; calves, 3.00@670
Hogs-Estimated receipts for today,
5000; weak to cents lower: heavy,
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02

drouth, and late potatoes are getting
good start. The cut-worms nave mace
their appearance in some places ana
many varieties OF garden vegetables
have been spoiled.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
New York Produce.

New York. June 9
Butter-Firm; state creamery, goa
81 Il; imitation 1S@201a.
Eggs-Firm, 172@1S.
Poultry-Alive. steady; broilers, %
as; turkeys, 10M11: fowls, IA:
dressed. steady. 2S@32: fowls, 1904
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02

Arthur e. Stillwell, of Kansas City,
president of the Kansas City, Mexico &
Orient railway. has sailed for Europe
on the Fuerst Bismarck. He will, it is
said. place large orders in Europe for
railroad building material, owing to the
AMERICAN manufacturers being sold far
ahead
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
Professor shoup's New Home.

Smithland, June Professor j.
Shoup. principal OF the smith
land schools, will remove here from
Merrill next week. He will occupy
the residence to be vacated by A. A
Christie.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02

7.25@7s71a; packers, 7,1o@7.S21a; light,
6.60WZ15.
Sheep Estimated receipts for today,
5000; stronger; muttons, 4.50Gt6.30;
lambs, 5.55@7 80; range wethers, i.40@
Go: ewes. 4.S0@6.20.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
New York Exchanne.

Chicago, June New York e,
change 2o@3o per cent premium.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1902-06-02
Peoria Produce.

Peoria, June ..
Corn-Easy; No 3. 60.
Oats-No. white, AK.