davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

SANHN may NM PiohupiS iNh' ''"'
500. 900. Of the more than
200, 900 whites, only 10000 or
$4,000 are Beers or of Dutch descent; about
100, 900 are of British birth or descent,
about 10000 German and 10000 American.
The Beers mostly are farmers; the other
white inhabitants mostly are miners or
have mining interests, or are employed In
the towns.
The first Dutch settlement in South
Africa was about 1862. The British took the
Cape in 1895, returned it to the Dutch in
1903, captured it again in 1906, and received
the formal cession of it from Holland IN
1915. The Dutch farmers have, from a very
early date, pushed their settlements into
the wilderness, doubtless looking to escape
beyond British control, but in every in
stance creating new British territory, since
they were British subjects. From the first
they made slaves Of the natives, and the
English act of manumission throughout the
British colonies led to their great emigra-
tions, called "treks," reported as compris-
ing 5000 persons, in 1895, and a large ad-
ditional number in 1888. In l84S a British
proclamation of authority, extending to the
Vaal river, was the cause OF a Boer emil
grafton seeking ''peace and freedom be-
yond. This led to the Sand river conven-
ton in 1852, by which the Transvaa! Beers
were granted independence, and to a sim
liar treaty with grant to the Orange Free
State Beers in 1854. The latter treaty stood
unchallenged and unchanged up to the time
of the last war.
With the Transvaal, the British govern
ment has had successive disturbances. In
the act of manumission, %appropriating $780,
900, 900 in payment for the slaves in all the
colonies, more than &c. 900 was assigned
to the slave owners in South Africa. The
Beers in Cape Colony protested against the
act for various reasons, but especially as
robbing them of their slaves; and when
they had migrated beyond the Vaal, one of
their first acts after proclaiming their new
independence is recorded to have been a
great slave-hunt by 400 Beers against the
Bechuans. 1t was about 60 years ago, and
it is not at all to be presumed that the
c%ruelties practiced then could be allowed
among them now; but the records may show
that it is not wonderful that the British
government should have repeated Difficult
ties with them and should have incurred
their hereditary dislike.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

could such a thing have been possible.
After the capture and occupation OF
Bloemfontein Gen. Roberts moved his army
toward Pretoria at a rapid pace. Occasion
al Boer victories were reported, such as
that at Sanna's post on March 80, when Col.
Broadwood's forces were badly routed
with a loss of seven guns, and the disaster
at Reddersburg the following day, which
resulted in the loss of 500 English troops,
but in the main the British were successful
and the war office at London and the Eng
fish people began to feel that the war was
about over. They could not at hat time
see another two years and more OF lighting
before them.
On April 5 Gen. Methuen retrieved a part
of the laurels he had lost in the earlier
part of the struggle by the capture Of a con
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05
HOME GARDEN IT.
with Berry bushes May he SUE
cessfuIIy Avoided.

One finds scores of country gardens
where an attempt has been made in
previous years to cultivate the rasp-
berry, the blackberry, or, perhaps,
both, and where encouragement and
failure have resulted. A Country Gen
tleman correspondent thinks it is pos
sible so to order a few rows of berry
bushes in the family garden that they
will produce fruit year after year with
little attention, given at the right
time, and he offers the following hints
to that effect:
The old canes or the poorest of them
must be cut out each spring. The new
wood must be thinned to a proper de-
gree and the tops of all canes cut back.
This is but a few moments work each
spring. Now, to save all labor possible,
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

the place of his birth to the then unknown
interior. In this new country his military
life began at the age of 10, when he served
in the wars with the Zulus as a field cornet
in the Dutch army. In lS4S he took his
place beside his father in the conflict with
the British at the battle of Boomplaats.
When the British advance made further
occupation of this territory Objectionable
to the Beers he became one of the leaders
of the "trekkers" who moved to the
Transvaal country. BY 1861 he had risen
in military rank until he was commander in
chief of the Boer army in the conflicts with
the savage natives, a position which he re-
tanned until 1877, when England annexed
the country to Cape Colony.
During the war for independence, which
virtually began and ended at Majuba Hill,
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

Gen. Roberts had now carried the war
into the very heart of the enemy's country,
and, with the exception of a number of raids
into Cape Colony by the Beers, it has re-
manned there. But the wal was not over.
England's rising huzzahs at British victories
were tempered by news of British defeats.
Roberts pushed active operations against the
enemy in the eastern Transvaal, and on Sep
TENDER 20, eight days after President Kruger
had entered Portuguese territory, he report
ed to London the capturing and dispersion
Of the remnant of the Boer army in that
section Of the republic. True the enemy was
scattered, but they were neither killed nor
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

though the end may not be just to our lik-
ing, it is enough that we go back through
the more than three years of the wars his
tory and recall some of the battles, the
deeds of daring and bravery, the skilled
generalship of leaders on both sides that
have marked this conflict, now closed, as
one of the memorable struggles of the past
quarter of a century and more.
The real opening of the war may be said
to have been October 8, 1899, at which time
President Kruger sent to England the per-
emptory demand that that nation return
a satisfactory answer to the demands of the
South African republic on or before 5
o'clock p. M, October IL, and that failure
to do so would be regarded as a formal
declaration of war. These demands in
Guided the acknowledgement of the com
plete sovereignty of the South African re-
public as an international power. and the
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

the appointment of Lord Roberts to succeed
him as chief in command. Gen. Butler was
left, however, in command of the Ladysmith
relief expedition, and after three failures
succeeded in accomplishing that purpose on
March |, 1900.
While Gen. Butler was meeting with de-
feat alongNthe Tugela, Gen. Methuen was
making but little if any advance toward the
relief Of Kimberly. He was opposed by Gen.
Cronje. He suffered a serious reverse at
Magersfontein, on December u, and was
forced to fall back to the Modder river
with a loss of about 1000 out of $4,000 he
had engaged. In this battle the Gordon
Highlanders lost nearly 700 officers and
men in a vain attempt to carry the Boer
position.
On December 10 Gen. Gatacre attempted
a surprise on the Boer troops at Stromberg,
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

South Africa it was generally estimated
that the two republics had been able to
place in the field an army of from $4,000 to
$4,000 men, though DR.. Leyds, the diplomat
ic agent of the Transvaal in Europe,
claimed that they had not less than 100000
men under arms.
The first battle Of the war was fought at
Glencoe, Natal, October 20, 1899, when the
Beers were defeated and their position
captured by Gen. William Penn Symons,
who paid for his victory with his own life,
and the loss of some 43 men killed and 300
wounded. This was followed the following
day with a battle at Elaandslaagte in which
Gen. French commanded the English troops
and Gen. Kock the Beers. The Beers were
Defeated with a loss Of 100 killed and 300
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

to England that the
siege of Mafeking had been raised. For
more than 200 days Col. Baden Powells lit
tie force had defended the place against
heavy odds, and the whole population had
suffered terrible privations, but they had
held out until the long expected relief had
reached them, and the whole garrison were
crowned with the %victor's laurels by hero
loving England.
On May "a the British troops under Rob
erts crossed the Vaal river, and on the 3Oth
marched into the golden town of Johannes
burg, where they received a warm welcome
from the uitlanders, who had expected to
witness the destruction of their property be-
fore they should be allowed to fall into the
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

he served as vice president of the trium
virate which governed the country. In
1888 he was elected to the presidency of the
republic, and was thrice reelected, holding
the position so long as his land which he
had helped to build remained an independ-
ent nation, though for the past two years
he has been forced to reside in Europe, his
advanced age p%recluding the possibility Of
his taking any part in the active military
campaign.
In his younger days he was a great hunter,
and during the long trekking trip from
Cape Colony to the Transvaal he is credited
with having killed no less than $50 lions.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

meet. Early in the year It was estimated
that there were not more than $4,000 Boer
troops still in the field, but these afforded
occupation for all the vast English army,
and still they could not capture or disperse
effectively the willy leaders or their bands.
The year brought with it such incidents
as the capture of Modderfontein by the
Beers on February 8, three days after which
10000 fresh troops left England to reinforce
the army in South Africa. On April 10 the
English heart was made glad by the open
ing OF peace negotiations by Gen. Botha,
but they amounted to nothing, and the war
went on with varying success on either side.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

ing of Gen. Whites force at Ladysmith
practically the whole of the British force in
South Africa was besieged in three places,
and England realized that the subjugation
of the burghers meant more than a holiday
parade of her troops. The home govern
ment began immediate preparations for the
sending of large reinforcements, and Gen.
Sir Redvers Butler was assigned to chief
command. He undertook the relief of Lady-
smith and assigned to Gen. Lord Methuen
the task of raising the siege at Kimberly.
Additional levies of troops 10 the num-
Der of $1,000 were poured into Durham, Ma
tai, and with these Gen. Butler attempted
the relief of Ladysmith, the garrison at
which place was being hard pressed by the
Beers, who were determined to force a sur
render before assistance could come to the
besieoed town. 1t was on December Is that
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

whose judgement
every officer and pri-
vate of the Boer a
trusted implicitly,
and who, had he
lived, would undoubt-
endly have done
much toward bring
ing about, if not a diff
ferent termination to
the conflict, a much
more dearly bought
victory for England,
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

ence in prompting the peace terms offered
by England. 1t was one of the most bril-
liant dashes of the war, and if it did moth
ing more it showed the London government
that the war might be almost indefinitely
prolonged if the Boer forces in the field
could not be induced to accept terms OF
peace, and that they would not accept the
terms of unconditional surrender"
WRIGHT A. PATTERSON.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

of the Seventh Yeomanry by Delarey on
May 90; the capture of 200 Victorian Rifles
on June II, and the loss by Col. Benson of
25 officers and $50 men on November l.
During this time, however, Gen. Kitchen
er had not been idle. His army had been
pushing the Boer forces almost constantly;
he had been rapidly extending the line OF
block houses that marked the permanent
English advance, and while the record of the
year showed some brilliant coupes on the
part of the Boer generals they were Of the
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

On September l Gen. Roberts had issued
a proclamation annexing the Transvaal to
the British domains. He continued in SUI.
preme command until November 80, 1900,
when he turned over the command to Gen.
Kitchener and prepared to return to Eng
land. He can scarcely have realized the task
he was leaving to the fearless officer whose
%laurels had been won on the battlefelds of
Egypt, and who, as chief of staff had done
so much toward the success so far attained
by English arms in the South African con-
fict. His training was of the kind that
gave him a special fitness for the work
of meeting the guerilla tactics to which the
Beers restorted as the only means left them
to continue the struggle.
While large numbers of Beers were sur
rendering to the English authorities there
were yet in the field suc.a intrepid com
manders as De Wet, Botha, Steyn, Delaray,
Schalk- Burger and others. and each of them
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05
DOM PAUL KRUGER.
Something of His Life and work in
South Africa.

Something of HIS Life and Work IN
South Africa.
President Kruger, he who figured more
prominently in the early part of this war
that England declares is now over than
any other one man, is a product of the hardy
conditions that surrounded pioneer life on
the South African veldt. He seems to have
been born a leader of men. Unlike the
majority of the Transvaal and Free State
burghers, who are of Holland ancestry, he is
of German descent, his ancestors emf
grating from the Potsdam district of Ger
many to South Africa in l7l3.
Dom Paul was born in Colesburg, Cape
Colony, October 10, 1926. At the age of
ten years he migrated with his parents from
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

prisoners, among the
killed being Gen.
Kock. The British
loss was AZ killed.
But brilliant as were
these English vic
tories they had but
little result other
than opening a
means of retreat to
L%adysmith, where
Gen. Whites entire
force was rapidly con-
centrated.
With the mobiliz-
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

kind that could result
in no lasting benefit
to the Boer cause,
other than the inspir-
ing of fresh vigor and
hope to the contest
ants.
The victory of Gen.
Delarey over Zen. Me
thuen on March 8 of
this year was followe'
on April II by peace
o%vertures, and is sup
posed to have had a
..l..l1 - a.,
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

it, could scarcely give reasons for the war
that would be acceptable to both sides. The
writer does not pretend to be able to deci-
pher a series of causes that might be Of
fered without fear Of being accused of par
TALLY; he, like millions OF other readers of
current history, as it is recorded day after
day in the newspapers of every civilized
land, is familiar with the claims made by
both sides, but out of these claims he does
not intend to even attempt to %unravel the
real cause of armed conflict between the
Britain and Boer in South Africa. When
time has healed the wounds of the present
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05


Gen. Butler began
the advance which
ended temporarily
with the disaster to
British arms at the
Tugela river, in which
the British lost 50
men killed, 667
wounded and 34S
missing. This battle,
the first fought by
Butler in South Afri-
ca, resulted in the
loss of his reputation
IN "a atrotaniut and
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

hands of the English.
On the same day that
Lord Roberts entered
johannesburg he is
sued the proclama-
ton that made an
English crown colony
of the Orange Free
State. -Four days
later he was in the
Boer capital at Pre-
toria, and now,
thought England, the
war muSt Suendilv on
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

GU, anu tllCll
began the long guer-
rilla warfare that
continued down to
the day peace was
declared, and which
brought many de-
feats and heavy loss
es to British arms,
even though it has
eventually resulted
in a British victory
that places all of
South African ter
ritory under the Eng
lieh nr1u,n
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

The heavy losses
seemed to fall to the
English, for the rea-
son, probably, that
they were the only
one Of two contend
ing forces in a posi-
ton to suffer a heavy
loss. Boer com
mandoes were coca
~sionally captured or
dispersed, but they
were of small num-
hers and the Incl
dent was soon for
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

withdrawal Of all
British troops near
its borders. All
South Africa knew
and the world knew
that England would
not accept such terms
and prepared for war,
and the preparations
of the Boer troops
for attack began i'm
mediately. Military
expeditions from the
Transvaal, and others
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

in the north OF Cape
Colony, but failed
after losing more
than 800 men who
were made prisoners
by the Beers.
Such was virtually
the condition Of
the British forces
when Gen. Roberts
and Gen. Kitchen
err, his chief Of staff,
landed at Cape
Town on Jan
nary 10, 1900. The
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05
the time allowed in the Boer ultimat.

uin, the British were
placed at a ~disadvan-
tage from which they
number of weeks and
did not recover for a
without the loss of a
large number of men
and munitions of
war.
The number of
troops with which
Gen. Joubert had ac-
]complished this coupe
will probably not be
L.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

sluCl blG DOSl WV
at Bosbof. This was
followed on April Q
by a Boer defeat at
Wepener, another on
April IL at Fort
Abram, another at
Dew etsdorp o n
April 20, again at
Windsorton on May
5 and at the town
of Mafeking on May
10.
On May 20, the wei
come news was cabled
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

IA btS ~ AAANA
ly one person in ten
could n t diligently
guess at, so completely
has the cause been
swallowed up in the
din OF conflict, Even
those directly p
sible for the struggle;
those who were most
intimately connected
with the diplomacy
or shall we say rather
a deplorable lack OF
diplomacy-tha i'm
~,I,a+alXr rrogaplnt
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

No Unnecessary delay should be al
lowed between any of the processes
i'm the ma%nipulations of the milk or
the manufacture of the butter.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

gotten. Other Boer victories Of the year
were the capture Of Plummer's supply train
on May %; the almost complete destruction
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05
@rtef Dtstprttal 5keteb
Of tbe @rtttsbo@oer War
A Chronicle Of the Stirring Events in South Africa During
the Past Three and a Half Years.

For three years and one-half there has
been waged in South Africa a war, the
nnuse of which scarce-
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1902-06-05

HE Transvaal area is about $780,
600 square miles; its popula-
ton is probably about 1000, 600,
the Katiirs and other blacks
may number probably less than
SOC. 900. Of the more than
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1902-10-02
Deafness cannot Be. Cared

BY local applications as the. can NOT
reach the diseased portion of til. ear.
There is but one way 10 cure &c afness
and that is by constitutional remedies
Deafness is caused by an infamed condi-
ton OF the mucous lining. OF the Eusta-
chan tube. When this tube is infamed
you have arumDling sound of imperfect
hearing, ard when it is entirely closed,
deafness is the result, and unless the in
Examination can be taken on and this be
restored to its normal condition, hearing
viii be destroyed forever; nine cases out Of
ten are Caused by catarrh, which is nothing
but an inflamed condition of the mucous
surfaces.
We will give One Hundred Dollars for
any case OF deafness caused by catarrh that
cannot he cured by Halls Catarrh Cure
Send for circulars, free.
F. J.. CHENEY & CO, Toledo. O..
Sold by druggists, 75c.
Halls Family Pills are the best
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1902-10-02
ANOTHER REGIMENT OUT.
Nine Companies of Troops Sent to
OIyphant.

Scranton, Pa, Sept. 24.-Nine COM
panies of the Thirteenth regiment, or
dered out Monday night, are in camp in
a field just east of the Delaware and
Hudson railway station at Olyphant,
near here. Lieutenant Colonel Still
well, in command, sent detachments
of troops to the different collieries in
the vicinity shortly after the regi-
ment's arrival at a. m.
The report concerning trouble at
Archibald Monday night was mislead-
ing. There was no disturbance in
Archibald. The rioting occurred at the
fridge" in Winton borough, where
there was a clash between rioters and
party OF workm> \, reinforced by
coal and iron police. John Burnett of
Philadelphia, one of the police, was
shot in the arm.
The Hungarian who was shot in the
attack upon Deputy Sheriff Mean
drew and Superintendent Burkheiser
Monday afternoon is dead.
Harrisburg, Pa, Sept. 24-Five wo-
men and three men have been arrested
at Wiconisco by Sheriff Reiff and dep
uties for interfering with the nonunion
men at work in the Lykens Valley col
liery at Wiconisco and Lykens. The
offenders were brought to Harrisburg
and committed to Jail in default of
bail for trial at court. The charge
against them is disorderly conduct.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1902-10-02
MITCHELL DISPLEASED.
Had Advised Strikers to Pursue a
Peaceful Course.

Wilkesbarre, Pa, Sept. 24-Presi-
dent Mitchell declined to make any
comment on the action of Sheriff
Schadt of Lackawanna county in call
ing on Governor Stone for troops. 1t
is known, however, that he is dis
pleased with the strikers for pursuing
a course which prompted the sheriff
to make the appeal to the governor.
Only a week ago President Mitchell
counselled all his followers to keep the
peace. Some of his advisors say the
calling of the militia to do duty in
Lackawanna region will have no effect
on the strike.
On the other hand the operators feel
confident that the continued outbreaks
of violence mean growing discomfort
among the strikers and that under the
protection of the military the men will
gradually return to work.