davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1902-11-01
KNOWLEDGE OF PLANTS.
Farmers should Know what Their
Crops Need I'm the Way of Food
and Cultivation.

Prof. s. +. Johnston, of Purdue uni
versity, writes; If we would be sue
cessful in the culture of Indian corn.
we must first know what the plant
requires in the way of food. water.
cultivation and climatic conditions.
Two of these lessons are early
learned, viz: the fact that plenty OF
water must be had, and that the sun
must be generous in supplying heat.
We do not always stop to think lust
why the water is so necessary. If we
did give more attention to this thought
we should be surprised, perhaps, to
find that the plant performs all it's
functions of growth, either directly or
indirectly by the aid of water and the
suns light and heat. No food can
be supplied in a form available to the
plant without first being broken down
and brought into solution by the ac-
ton of water. After the small par
ticles of rock and vegetable matter
are broken down and have passed into
solution they enter the very small
rootlets of the plant and are carried
along in the stream until they have
passed all growing parts of the plant
and nourishment has been taken out
with which the tissues of the plant
are built up. This stream Of water
also serves to keep the cells expanded
and In growing condition. When we
have come to understand fully the
structure of the plant we shall see the
Importance OF carefully guarding all
the conditions which influence its
growth. Cultivation of the soil will
have new Significance when looked
at from this viewpoint; and the fact
that there is only about half enough
rainfall in the state of Indiana to pro
duce maximum crops will also make
us want to understand better the
growth Of plants, that we NAV in
crease in all possible ways their de-
velopment. Thus if we have a work
Ing idea Of the extent of the root sys-
TENS OF crops, know whether thew are
plants that get food readily, know
whether they demand large quantities
OF particular element in the soil.
in short, If we know something of
what the plant Is and what it demands
as well as the means for supplying its
demand-we can work intelligently.
In production, therefore, of natural
products, constant care and thought
are absolutely necessary.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1902-11-01
DURABLE FARM GATE.

things would increase greatly the APP
Pearance of their property.
The sketch inclosed shows q prac-
tical farm gate. In making a gate of
any kind see that it is wide enough to
admit all kinds of farm machinery.
The gate shown in the cut is one I
built some time ago. 1t hangs on the
corner of barn and leads to the barn.
yard. In constructing the gate used
two eight-inch boards and one 12-inch,
to make the main strips, each strip be-
ing four inches wide, except the bot
tom board, for this used an eight
inch piece, TO add strength to the gate.
For cleats 1 used the same four-inch
stun, mailing one on each side of the
gate. The main piece on which the
gate rests is four by four, extending
about four feet above the top OF the
gate. mortised the strip into the
four by four to hold the gate when
swinging. A brace is firmly nailed, as
shown in the cut. The gate will swing
either way, which think is a strong
point in favor OF this kind of hanger.
Leo c. Reynolds, in Ohio Farmer.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1902-11-01
STARTING A CORN SHOCK.
with the Aid OF the Device Here De-
scribed the Heaviest Crop Is
Handled Readily.

last season quite number Of corn
binders were purchased and used in
this country. The acreage of the indi-
pidual farmer is so small that it does
not pay one man to buy n machine, but
an many instances three or four have
combined and seem well satisfied.
They worked perfectly in standing
corn and picked up the stalks that
were down very readily, making fair
bundles. OF course, If the stalk is w.
sng along the row the way the machine
As running it cannot be picked up, but
IL 1t lies crossways, or, in fact in any
other position, the corn binders will
as rule pick it up nicely. Where the
corn is badly down and quite ripe quite
n number of ears are knocked off, but
these can be picked up when shocking
and no great loss will result. Down
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1902-11-01
SATURDAY. .,.............Nov. 1, 1909
FARMS $3.50
l:s:::; -; ',,.::'''- AID y
gzzgaH5SiDENI
vEXED PROBLEM SOLVED.
Emcactous Cure for Plant Diseases
Due to Fungus Parasites Has
Now Been Discovered.

The agricultural department. has
been studying certain diseases which
attack plants and, for some of them
at least, has found a cure. The Sat.
urday Evening Post assures farmers
who raise peaches, sea island cotton
or cowpeas, that they need no long.
er fear peach leaf curl" ''yellows."
little peach disease" cotton wilt. ("
or pea sickness"
All these diseases are due to fun
gus parasites, which, year after year,
nave been slowly but surely spread
ing through the country. Besides
the external symptoms, they man.
test themselves by causing knots to
form on the roots, whereupon all the
small tibers become distorted, swol-
zen, and incapable of fulfilling their
proper functions, and this leads. Of
course, to the death of the plant.
Every attempt to kill the fungus by
the ordinary ways of treating the
soil, and the plants with fungicides
TAILED entirely, and growers were in
despair when the department. hit upon
The cure.
When it was found IL was so astound-
- NhN6 AAS only was
That no one had thought of it before.
1tseems that in many cotton fields, and
IN many peach orchards, in many pea
patches, there were often observed to
De one or more plants that refused TO
Ole with the rest and which survived
TO come TO bearing. When the seeds
or cuttings-of these were sown in
the same soil, il was found that large
proportion of the resultant plants
possessed the resistant power of the
parent. Repeating this process of ar
efciai selection again and again,
sooner or later there developed a strain
that was wholly resistant to the at
lacks Of the fungus. When this was
done the problem was solved.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1902-11-01
BUM BILL is TOUGH.
Chicago Dog Who Is a Veritable
Canine Degenerate.
Associates Only with Raeehor.s
Houts, Bartenders, Cheap Graf
ter~, Prize Fighter. and Wom-
en OF Questionable Repute.

Bum Bill" is what they call him
on the levee, but before he came
there TO live, says the Chicago Trib-
une, he probably answered to a less
olsreputable name, and it is barely
possible he was the pet of some Chi
cago household that still mourns his
absence. he was found in the door
way OF barber shop at s72 State
street one frosty morning three
years ago this coming winter by the
proprietor, George Norris. If you
were to ask the saloon keeper next
door who George Norris was he
would shake his head and say:
Never heard of him" For Norris
Is known only as Props"
Bum Biz was q pup about three
months old when he was found al
most frozen to death in the barber
shop entrance. Props" carried him
In and made bed for him under the
stove. The colored porter raked the
heater and dumped in another scut-
tie of coal. After awhile the little
black pup began to get thawed out.
He timldly crept out from under the
stove and took a turn around the
room, shifting for the pan of food
which he undoubtedly was used to
before he left his happy home.
"A saucer OF milk was set before
MIN, and to show his appreciation he
drank every drop of It. Then he
played with the BARRIERS until he got
tired and again sought the coy spot
under the stove.
ThaS Is how Bum Bill" came to
the levee. The story Of his life since
that winter morning when Props"
found him would make a good-sized
book. He is known TO everybody in
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1902-11-01
GENERAL FARM NOTES.

If you have not time to kill weeds
when they are young, NOW them off so
as to prevent seed ripening.
The first cotton bale of this season
in the Tennessee valley was marketed
% days earlier than last year.
Plan to attend the home county fair
and If possible the state fair. Not only.
be an attendant, but be an exhibitor
Exports of wheat from India for the
year 10000 were sec, O91 tons of eAo
pounds each, or Is, 667 1897 bushels of GO
pounds each.
The progressive farmer likes to have
good road along his farm, and is will
ing to work out his tax; yes, and a lit
tie more, too, for the sake of having it.
The way to make your county fair
a success is to make just as big a show
ing of your live stock and farm prod
ucts as possible; get your neighhor to
do the same and both go with your
families.
The more thorough knowledge the
farmer has of general principles, the
better he is equipped for his business.
1t is his place to apply them and deter
mine what to do when The opportunity
arises.
Early blowing, rol,iUg nd narrowing
for winter wheat gus against the ef-
fects of deficient ra@sall With a
given amount of fer,iiity, the better
the control of the moisture, the better
he yield of the crops.-Farmers' Voice.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1902-11-01
Worm. as SOIL Renovotor.

Earthworms are not soil farmers, for
they are seldom met with in soils that
are destitute of organic matter. They
are simply renovators. Every time a
worm is driven by dry weather or any
other cause, to descend deep it brings
TO the surface, when it empties the con
tents of its body, a few particles of
fresh earth. At the same time It fer
tllizes the subsoil by opening up pas
sages which encourage the roots of
plants to penetrate deeper, these pas
sages being lined with excreted mat
ter, which provides a store of nour-
ishment for the roots. On meadow
land Darwin found these worm casts
amount annually to Is tons an acre,
and on good arabic land to about ten
'tons.-American Fertilizer.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1902-11-01
BEGAN TO TUG AT HER SKIRT.

State street, from Van Buren, to
Twelfth. Having lived for nearly
three years In the toughest part of
Chicago, IL is not strange that the
dog has become contaminated from
evil associations. He goes from one
saloon to another "down the line"
Ike Rcderick, court clerk at the
Harrison street station, is one of
Bum Bills" numerous friends. This
is story that Rodericl tells of the
dogs sagacity;
"One night about a year ago, Bum
Bill followed me from State street
to the station. There had been a
touch day or two before that in q
State street saloon and the man who
was robbed was at the station when
Bum Bill and came IN. He was
telling the 'coppers' on the case that
the woman who stole his money was
at that moment IN a saloon a few
doors from where the robbery had
taken place. He had been doing lit
tie detective work on his own hook
and had seen her enter the saloon
with man. The police had recoC-
nized her from the description aud
her name was mentioned while Bum
BIZ and I were standing by listen
ing.
Tho officers and the victim hurried
over to State street to get the wom-
an, but Bum BIZ beat them to the
saloon. We afterward learned that
the dog rushed into the room where
the woman and her escort were
drinking and he began to tug at her
dress skirt. She tried to drive him
away, but he kept on barking and
tugging at her garment From the
dogs queer actions the woman got a
hunch' that something was doing
and out the back door she goes with
Bum Bill just as the 'coppers' came
in the front way. An hour later she
was arrested, but through no fault
of Bum Bill's.' He knew the police
were next TO him for tipping them
off to the woman and he kept away
from the station for weeks. Every
man In the station knows that to be
true"
bum Bill" eats three squares a
day-as they call it on the levee-at
Stress restaurant. He is as regular
as clock work in showing up at meal
time, and the patrons of the place all
know him as the star boarder.
There isn't dog IN town that
"Bum Bill" won't tackle If he ven
lures ON whisky Row" He has been
chewed up several times, but, like all
real prize fighters, he doesn't know
when he's whipped. He's a terror to
cats, and one of them can't live in
the neighborhood.
Like the denizens of the levee,
"Bum BiII'' is most wakeful at night.
He makes his nightly rounds of the
saloons and other resorts and sleeps
late in the morning.
If there is such thing as degen-
eracy in the canine family "Bum Bill"
Is a degenerate.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1902-11-01
Did Very Wei.

How did your son do at college last
year?"
VERY well, indeed. He did so well
that he got an encore"
"a what?"
IAN encore. You see, the faculty
requested him to repeat the year.
Chicago American.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1902-11-01

corn can be picked up much better
than by hand.
The grain ordinarily is cut quite
green. Shocks contain 20 TO 30 bun
dies. No trouble has been experienced
an corn moiding. Seven acres is good
Gays work for corn binder. Two
men can keep up shocking. For shock
ing, horse like that shown in the ac-
companying illustration is very salts
factory. When the shock is well start
ed the crosspiece is pulled out and the
horse removed. This horse enables
the shockers 70 make shock that will
withstand wind much better than if it
is not used. Any farmer can make this
an short time. The very heaviest corn
as thus handled readily by the binder.
Orange Judd Farmer.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1902-11-01
IN LIFE,s JOURNEY.

The race for wealth and fame often
ends in poverty and disgrace.
We find many occasions TO wish we
had chosen different course.
1t is not always the great men who
are thought of the most kindly.
Many men achieve success by On
ability to conceal their lack of abil-
ity.
We see Indifferent men march To
fame through some other mans mis-
take.
Too little attention is given to the
signs of the times.-Philadelphi Bull
letin.
High hopes are often shattered
through too much attention to per-
sonal comfort.
Come moments when q man is
capable of any act of cruelty or OF
generosity.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1902-11-01
A Common Sentiment.

grieve TO see these millionaires
Who glitter on the highway
Spend money on these fads Of theirs.
1 wish they'd spend 1t my way.
Washington Star.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1902-11-01
Knew fnom Exuer,enco.

ProseR-You know Scribbly, don't
you?
Barder-Yes, the fellow who edits
the Cory Corner Companion. You
mean2 What about him?
Proser-Oh, he's going TO marry
one of his lady contributors, that's
ALT Awfully struck on her he seems,
too-Iold me to-day she was perfect
poem.
Barder-Don't you believe IL; he
doesn't know good poetry when he
sees it. Why, he declined things of
mine that would have made the for
tune of his wretched little rag.-Any
Sloper.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1902-11-01
The Fool and His MONEY

An amateur was induced to place a
ten-dollar bet with a bookmaker. and
won $25. This pleased him SO much
that he placed the $25 with the book
maker on the next heat. He won again.
The third heat he played all his roll.
amounting to $50 or $40, and lost.
whereupon he fell over in dead faint.
His brother, who CHANGED to be pres
ent. ran for doctor and asked him
10 mako haste, "a he imagined his
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1902-11-01
The Way 4 orten L..

Now, what do you advise me to
do?"
will you act on my advice?"
mot necessarily"
"Then why do you want it?"
"Well, If your advice comedies with
my intentions I'll feel a good deal
better satisfied with myself, and If
1T doesn't I'll put you down as a fool
and won't feel any worse."-Chicago
Post.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1902-11-01
PRACTICAL FARM GATE.
It's Usefulness VIII Quickly Pay 40,
the Time and Money Devoted to
Its Construction.

A good practical farm gate Is one OF
the handiest conveniences d farmer
can have on his farm to save time
and unnecessary labor. Its usefulness
will pay for all time and expense Of
contracting It and the worth adds a
good percentage to the valuation of a
farm. As general rule, farmers over
look the simple conveniences about
their farms, while in reality such
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1902-11-01
Natural Enough.

: Mrs. Gaussip-I hear Mrs. Vane
has several full-length mirrors in her
dressing-room.
Mr.. Gaussip-I suppose, woman.
like, she wants to see everything
that's going on.-Philadelphia Press
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1902-11-01

brother was dying. 'I am veterinary
surgeon" the doctor said. "You are
just the man 1 am looking for" the
man replied, excitedly, "as my brother
Is a jackass. "-Rural World.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1902-02-05
PROPERLY PACKED ICE.

saw manipula tor may be. On this &C.
count we put in one layer, fit closely
as possible, then shave over the upper
surface of all the cakes with car
penter's ADJ. The shavings of ice are
swept into the crevices between cakes.
When freezing cold, a little water is
sprinkled over the whole surface to
cement the layer solidly together.
AS each layer is completed the saw
dust should be filled in around the sides
level with the top and solidly tamped
down. Allow no sawdust to remain
on top of the various layers until the
icehouse is filled. The figure shows the
sixth layer in and ready for the saw
dust. Iceis preserved by being packed
away from the air. AS hot weather
comes on the ice will settle some. Be
sure to keep the sawdust tamped down
around the sides frequently during
early summer and see that no air holes
form.
When the ice is all packed in, cover
with 10 to Is inches of sawdust. Leave
the gables open more or less to allow
free circulation of air over the ice.
hope that this description, with sketch,
OF our own successful harvesting and
storing of ice in cheap pole frame
icehouse will encourage many farmers
to decide to have some ice next season,
and may they thoroughly enjoy for the
first time the cooling benefits which
accrue to the fortunate possessors OF
the CONCEALED fluid.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1902-02-05
ONE BREED IS ENOUGH.
6or the Average Farmer There In
No Money in Raising a Dozen
Kinds of POULTRY


A single breed is better to have
about than a dozen different kinds.
There are many reasons for this.
When considered from the fancier's
standpoint, single breed is about all
one person can successfully care for,
unless the fancier's whole time and
attention are given to them. If this
can be done, then as many varieties
as there is space to accommodate
may be kept to advantage. But even
then 1T will be found that the fancier
who puts his whole energy into one
variety will progress more rapidly
than the one devoting himself to
many varieties. When taken from the
standpoint of eggs for market, it will
be found that it is more attractive
for customers to have all the eggs as
near alike as two hens eggs can be;
when for market poultry, it is to the
credit of the seller to send to market
a whole killing that are alike; and
when it comes to the care of the
fowls, one soon learns the habits and
eating capacity of the one variety,
and thus in feeding and treating
them all alike good average results
will be realized. But when they are
in the flock, the active Leghorn with
the less active larger breeds, when
fed together, the active fowl will get
too much, while the slower moving
fowl will not have enough. For this
reason, when kept in yards or col
onies, it is better to keep hens to
themselves and pullets to them
selves.-Country Gentleman.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1902-02-05
A WORD ABOUT GIVING.
Some Women and Men Who Consider
Themselves Generous Are Self
ishness Pers0nfhed,

"No, she isn't stingy, she's just self.
ish," said the old woman, speaking
of relative. "Shell give money it
it's needed, she'll give a share of any.
thing that grows in her fields or her
orchards, but the one thing she never
gives is q mite of herself.
I'D expect her to send broth and jel
lies if I were sick, or blankets if I were
cold, but I wouldn't ever expect he1
to come and spend the afternoon with
me because I was lonely, or to be really
interested in any trouble had-or any
joys, either, for that matter. I'd never
think to carrying her any of my boys
letters to read, as do to little Mrs.
Stone at the corner. Toms been away
nine months now, on q voyage, and
Mrs. Stone has heard every one of his
letters. We've hunted up together in
her big atlas the places where he'll go,
and when she comes across anything
about one of them in the newspapers
she always remembers and tells me.
She doesn't do it just to please me,
either; she's interested.
MRS. Stone scarcely has a spare
dollar to share with anybody, but you
never think of that. guess it's as
much what folks'll let you share with
them as'what they share with you that
counts. "-Wellspring.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1902-02-05
TURKISH WoMAN's VEIL.

part of most oriental religions to
keep the women in seclusion, and
that Mohammed of blessed memory
made the command binding one.
Although the women of Japan,
Corea and China are more or less Sc
cluded, particularly the women of
China, who live in the zenana, they
do not wear wells. While they go
abroad in closed sedan chairs, their
heads are guiltless of bonnets even,
except when severe cold weather
makes some sort of head covering
necessary.
Turkish danes of high degree wear
dainty squares of white illusion CO.
quettishly wound about their heads
and faces, which cover but in nowise
conceal their beauty. This style has
been growing smaller and more
diaphanous until now the Turkish
woman's face is less concealed than
the European woman's who clings to
the close square of tulle.
The Algerian women wear yards of
soft gauze about their heads and
shoulders. When coming in contact
with European men these are grace
fully draped SO as to leave but the
upper portion of the face visible.
The five-yard sarong of the Parsee
women makes dress skirt, covers a
greater portion of the body, leaving
one arm and shoulder free, and is
then most artistically arranged about
the head. The Nautch girls, who
wear the curious nose-rings and ex-
pensive jewels on their feet and heavy
anklets, make use. of the sarong in
their gliding dances, but they seldom
use them for face covering. The mar
ried women and widows of the
Basque provinces use combination
cloak and hood similar to that worn
by the women of San Miguel.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS have variety
of face wells, modified by climate and
the country in which they live. The
Yasmak of the Turkish and Egyptian
women is unknown to the women of
India, who envelope their faces in the
folds of long, narrow gauze wells or
shroud themselves in their beautiful
ly embroidered sarongs.-Louisville
Courier Journal.