The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-01-26
AN OPPONENT OF POPE LEO.
C,BrER or THE LATE CATHOLIC
PROF. ERtTS OF FREIBURG.
A Leader Among German Catholics VINO
Preferred His Countr, 10 the Papacy-
Fought Against Christian Democracy
Progressive Ideas and the Temporal
Pow er-Tried TO Fix the ConciaNe.

ROME, Jan, 4.-1he present fohtinca'e'
che Roman policy. France. the United States
and Christian Democracy have lost now in
prof. Xavier Kraus Of F%reiburg In Breisgau
their bitterest and most sagacious ad-
yersarv. The deceased professor was
hardly known beyond the Roman and
cer,nan frontiers. A historian, an art
crI,,c and archeologist. he published very
.olid volumes In which TO a full and ele-
cant style he joined the most precise and
cor scientious documentary evidence. He
was a wonderful p~opularizer. As a his
,or;an he popularized Doellinger and the
great French leaders of the eighteenth
century. as an archeologist and critic
no distributed in small change the gold
bullion ~ the Commentators de- Rossi
and the master essayists; In the Alioemeins
zsfturc under the pseudonym Spectator
he defended passionately and wittily his
macmillan line of policy. In all directions
he followed a very decided line OF action.
Though Churchman. for he was a priest.
Herr Kraus tried 20 combine In q sort OF
Hegelian synthesis the maxims OF Church
tradition with the Freie Forschuno, the
freedom OF thought. His amalgamations
were not always very successful, Intel
ACTUALLY he came closer TO Doellinger n
the Intherans than he did to Roman
methods. He despised theology and the
school Of Thomas Of Aquinas; he was al
wavs bitterly sarcastic against the Roman
universities. In the political field he frat
ernizcd rather with courts and Govern
ments than with the Catholic Centre. State
Catholic a distinctive and hardly latter-
ing term, stuck TO him In his polemical
writings.
During the Kuhurkdmpf he was more dis
tinctly a supporter Of the State than OF the
Holy See. The more the Catholic org ans
attacked him the more the sectarian news
papers compromised him with compli-
ments. An ambitious man, he mad him
self the Montrond. the errand boy Of courts
and sovereigns. He caused missions TO be
confded to him, even to Rome where
clear-sighted men discovered behind the
improvised diplomat the perennial candi-
date for a bishopric. Yearly he came down
upon Italy whence he sent 10 the Cabinets
Of Germany strange reports against the
Vatican and the clergy. showing an i'll will
that stood out in relief against an eIagger-
ated kindness for the louise Of Savoy. He
was as much OF a Ghibelline as the King OF
Italy. Cavour, Crispi. Bismarck and the
other illustrious representatives OF that
German Italian school.
When he was dying he gave the last
touches 20 his work on Cavour In which
were crystallized his fervent love for the
Quirinal and his hatred Of the independence
Of the sovereign Pontlf. In all matters
that we're not definitely settled he pro-
fessed TO favor all causes that ran contrary
TO the traditions of the Papacy. Never did
Herr Kraus forgive Leo NIl1. and Cardinal
Rampolla for not appointing him to a
bishopric. He burned with the desire to
rule, he always was full Of himself. Thus
in his Political Ecclesiastical Letters In the
Algemeine ZcituHo. the newspaper that
forms the Prussian vanguard in South Ger
many, lac criticised -Romanism' and IN
tramontanism.' the republican and
democratic policy % the Holy See, the de-
Tenders OF the Franco-Papal policy or the
representatives Of American American
ism, " Rampolla. BrInetiere. Ireland and 30
forth.
BY means Of this peculiar attitude Herr
Kraus obtained the favors OF tbs German
sovereigns and governments. He was
their ecclesiastical Father Joseph "a the
confdant Of Cardinal Hohenlohe and the
Pusso-RomAn faction. He aroused. and
In case OF need modified the official forces
against Rome n the Pope. When Leo
XIII. published his republican and lem
ocratic instructions he attacked the Pops
for putting on the PhrygiAn cap and for
making an alliance with the street pros
utute,' de GdsseHhure. An ImpenAlist
and Hohenzollern partisan. he supported
the kAisePs international aims Ia the re-
hsious field. 80 he fought the Adversarios
Of CahsnslyiAm, brought pressure 20 baar
90 tbs negotiations with Rome. fired red hot
shot on the French professionals. schsmed
secretly for the oontro' Of the naIt Con-
olAys Only tho other day lac interfsred,
through tho Grand Duke u Baden, With
the s~tauhAltsr 81 Alsaos-IOuAins 10
order that Prussia should make 40 con
ous.ion Ia the sonOus matter 81 the
th.ologioal faculty az the Univorsity 81
htfaAsbuTs IL sas hs too Who. tLIes
yean ago, inhuahost the BsHin Govern
msnt ~ wtthdfa~ from the lssaooh a. us
Vatican tho '-inoompetout' Herr Won bul0s
400 o. replace him 9Th a young and
taraFu furuu hanun hstsuhan HE gave
b. ruaslus fof ths change IA tho
A~hgfnaas ksasSg Tho n4ouyas Toe
aniiou that ~ advocated wsfs o. sLaks
th- mhlaiiaa ~ 'aTdinai llampoila. ~
tHoat assn ths dsu.a-aauo Abd frpuL
man i.aJ g. uats ne kauaaA 1870 30
'r ,afbHs .f ~ fts Dsfa.sl HaA
rIlHt
i..s DO bad ia.af tbs gs.i 90
a. aH ~ Ur . t~a.nlas fs 10
HaI faHI s.l aI is i.ts ~ s~hltta.
sal HH ~ isis l-ll,, daia,s ts
II Ia hlll a. ..aasd
.-..". ... Ell. .-.