davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1902-07-31
Yet to he Learned.

There are three things about the
north pole that have never been discov-
ered-eXactly where it is, what is it
and why it is.
New-York tribune., 1902-03-25
THE FRENCH SOCIALIST ScHEME

The recent congress of socialists at Tours
was more than ordinarily noteworthy, for sew
eral reasons. There is probably no country in
which socialism is more of a practical force
than il is IN France, where socialists control
many municipal governments hold at times the
balance Of power in Parliament. and have a
representative in the Ministry This congress
was held in the midst OF the general electoral
campaign which is now in progress in France
and It's resolutions thus expressed the attitude
or the socialists in the campaign and fore
shadOwed their line Of conduct in the coming
Parliament. The resolutions adopted were
drafted by NJ. Jaures. one of the ablest social
lists in France and the leader OF those Minis
terial Socialists who have been supporting to
a considerable extent the Waldeck Rousseau
Ministry. The scheme which they embody pre-
sents some commonplace and some extraordi-
nary features.
Thus II demands the abolition Of all tariff
duties on articles of prime necessity, which IS
simply Cobdenite free trade. 1t calls for
graduated income tax, such as the Democratic
party has tried 10 establish here It would
have one day of rest in seven something which
our Sunday laws prescribe 1t demands re-
strcton Of labor to eight hours a day which is
not novel. and a State insurance system which
has long been working in Germany and is much
urged DF non-Soclallsts In England. Indeed
none of these items thus far can be regarded as
enthusiastically socia!istic any more than
Sublapsarian. The scheme goes on, however
TO demand much more, including some things
which impractcable. For example II
would forbid the employment OF women at
night; which would drive women out Of the
trained nurse profession and largely out of do
mestic work. II would not only make all grades
OF education free. but would prohibit the open
ing or maintenance of private schools; which
would be a gross infringement upon liberty.
The scheme is lsrgely devoted TO political as
well r. 10 social objects Thus II calls for the
abolition OF the Presidency and OF the Senate
and for the government of the country bv Il
single House OF Deputies Hike the Revolutionary
Convention. Ii would abolish all existing
courts and establish new ones with judges
elected directly by the people II demands uni
versal suffrage for both sexes at all elections
II would have the army abolished and replaced
OF which the maintenance OF peace Is not the
sole and exclusive object. 1t would have the
state provide cheap residences for all people
and natiOnaliZe the mines and sugar refneries
Why ii does not call for the naturalization Of
al property and all industry does not appear
Such is the socialist scheme There are feat
uTes OF Il which will seem more revolutionary
70 conservative Frenchmen than 10 those Of
other lands. and there are other features which
VIII shock men elsewhere but will seem 10
Frenehmen quite tolerable. Perhaps the most
New-York tribune., 1902-03-25
SOME VICIOUS AMENDMENTS.

The Tenement House bill has been amended
I'm the Assembly Committee on Rules until it
has become a public danger. On no account
should any member who does not care 70 be
thought more sOlicitous for the interest Of few
speculative builders than Of the health and wei
fare Of the people of this city vote for the meas
ure in ITS present form. Desirable as some
changes in the present law in the direction OF
concessions TO builders are admitted to be. II
would be far better To let the whole scheme Of
amendment fail than TO have the proposed nl-
teratIons made. which would at blow prac-
tleally wipe out all the reforms accomplished
last year. Such a backward step is intoerable
New-Iork would not recover from it for years.
and we should growing up in Brooklyn
plague spots as bad as those with which Man
haitian has so long been struggling.
The New-YOrk City Tenement House Depart
ment has been openminded and conciliatory IN
dealing with this matter. For the sake of meet
Ing the Brooklyn builders half way Commits
sioner De Forest consented 10 legalize the con-
stTuction OF inner courts by IA feet instead OF
courts IL by % feet. the present minimum for
three story tenement houses This concession
made possible the erection Of double apartmenrs
on twenty foot lots, with practically the
same available space As the type Of apartment
10 which the builders have been accustomed
while It gives double the air space in courts
The builders, however. 50 object 10 doing things
In a new way, and are SO fearful q house might
cost $500 more if il were heathful that they
nave induced the Committee on Rules 10 ner-
NIT return 10 courts by - feet less than
half what the administration offers TO concede
and less than One-flfth The minimum size under
the present law Worse than this the. bin is
amended 10 repeal the present requirement that
every tenement house bedroom must open on
the outer air or into n room opening and
would thus again permit the use fer living
rooms OF the dark, unyentilated chambers. which
are the breeding places % tuberculosis Again
the present law provides for tho removal by
January J. 1903 Of the present unsanitary sinks
and vaults in back yards and their replacement
by proper closets, but the Committee on RULES
AsS resolved to affiict New-York with the con-
New-York tribune., 1902-03-25
THE G4GGLNG OF FLNLANn-

Finland, having been fettered is now bens
gagged That is the purport of the recent action
of the Russian satrap who now rules that be
trayed and crushed country. A large part of
the Finnish press has been entirely suppressed
and all that remains OF II has been placed under
a censorship more arbitrary ana tyrannical than
that of Russia itself. The object seems 10 be
the complete eXtirpation of the Finnish press
That will mean not only the sitting of the
voice Of Finland to the outer world. but the
prevention of that community of information
which has enabled the Films to act as IL nation
and degradation Of the standard of popular
intelligence in Finland to something like the
Russian level-brietiy, TO reduce the Finn 10 the
status of II mujk.
How grave a blow to Finland this suppress
sion of the native press is may be estimated
from the fact that down to the time Of the
Russian conquest, three years ago. Finland had
nearly two hundred and fifty periodicals and
was one OF the foremost nations Of Europe in
respect 10 familiarity with current literature
and the news of the world The splendid Sys
tom Of education. which Is now hcing wrecked
ny Russia. made Finland a particularly
lightened nation. Almost everybody was we'll
read, in current matters US we'll as in standard
New-York tribune., 1902-03-25

JUSTICE GAYNOR AND THE CONSTITUTION.
Every unpreiudiccd person must admit that
when Justice Gaynor's reason had led him 70
conclude that the removal Of Sheriff Guden by
Governor Odcll was illegal it was his duty 10
declare il void. On the other hand. nobody
who had formed n different opinion should
hasten 10 revise il merely because he finds him
self in disagreement with the court. II appears
TO us that the question is one concerning which
any citizen of good mental capacity who has
considered II attentively is well qualified as
Justice Gaynor TO form judgment The sec
tion of the constitution covering the case at
Issue Is perfectly explicit In its prescriptions
and il adcIitted that they were accurately
obse,yo3 'iGieu was removed within the term
foT wlicl l. h@l beer elected. having received
q copy CT t,.e cTafees against him aud an oppor-
1;.u.l - eiGE heard in his own defence That
= o, VII. the words o9 the constitution re-
q.rrr. l. Ia"re IS required II must bo looked for
elsewHc,s. .Irstice GayEor loo6ed elsewhere,
ana is sH'c rhat 70 IcIEd what he sought He
rat' b. rig: Or A. 'e&SL the Appellate Division
G. ir .o5 the Appcilate Division. the Court OF
A?p:>is-laa.. decIpre tha: he Is right For the
Irsopt it : no. disI-s;.ectful TO believe that he
* wrc2g. n"- ir fac. would It hr in case the
Ccurt Of nsf rnsc-: sto-.'d uphold him.
In ths mesa tine an r;wa-d situation exists
in Nin@f C"7iCty. As .1ns:;ce GGyncr said yes
tard"y = hiscSerginS t,"o men from the custody
cf rike :. s n crest annoyance to the court,
t>e i'i'!2Cs P"d the public; which IS one Of the
r5ssons fGr tH!nEinG that HIS decision is errone-
ons. u" believe the authority Of the Governor
! was meant n 10 complete and final and his
| action not subject 10 review elsewhere pro-
| vdcd + was taken after exact compliance with
! n" conditions expressly prescribed by the con
stitutiOn- in order that Just such complications
! and enharras"meuts as have now arisen might
never arise. Justice GavpOr COnceives that such
| Sn Interpretation would endanger popular lib
! erty. hut his rhetoric Is not convincing The un-
| disputed powers of the Governor Of New-York
are great and liable to abuse hut the people are
not afraid Of becoming the victims Of a tyrant
| They resume their own original authority at in
tervals OF two years, and meanwhile they can
have a Governor impeached If they demand his
| impeachment firmly enough and for sufficient
cause.
New-York tribune., 1902-03-25
As TO SUGAR PR0DUcTToy.

The interesting statistics Of the increase Of
sugar production. published at Washington and
summarized in our columns yesterday, show Il
striking gain Of beet over cane sugar. the per
centage of the former in the whole supply being
only 435 in 1910 and no less than 6T.7l I'm 1900.
The reasons given for this chiefly the sup
preston of slavery and consequent increase in
cost of production Of cane sugar, and the scicn-
tihc study OF beet sugar production and the
systematic government aid which has been
given thereto. These are doubtless the prlnci-
pal reasons for the present predoluinance Of
beet over cane sugar. and ii is probable that the
last mentioned Of the three IS 10y far the great
est reason OF them all.
From its very inception the beet sugar indus
try has been the recipient Of government aid.
and 1t is to-day the most insisteut Of all camor-
ers for continuance of that aid. That is TO say.
it has for many years occupied the extraor-
dlnary position Of demanding aid at the cost Of
the general public, not as a temporary measure
until It could he well established on Il self-sup-
porting basis. but as II perpctuity. ad ufui-
tum. Still more extraordinary, If possible has
been its insstence that such aid should he di-
rected not 10 enabling it to supply the lcgiti-
mate domestic demand. but rather 10 the dis
couragement Of that demand and TO ,hc sup
plying of an artifcially stimulated export trade.
To discourage domestic consumption Of sugar
and 10 force the exaggerated expectation Of
sugar to foreign markets have hccn the uucon-
cealed twin purposes OF the European bounty
system. That, IL should he obvious, is unsouud
policy. and it is only natural that IL should
have led 10 the present crisis the way out Of
which is 70 be found in abolition of the bounty
system.
In the great sugar producing countries Of Eu-
The price Of the commodity is kept 50 high that
poor people cannot afford to use il with any
thing like the freedom with which il is used in
this country. There has been no pretcnce that
bountieS were necessary to enable the domestic
supplying of the domestic demand. II has been
the export trade. In brief the bounty system
from the beginning a species of CONNER
cial warfare. That the system has at last col
lapsed through its own rOttennesS is an aU-
SpiciOus circumstance. encouraging 10 believ-
ers in sound economics. To what extent the
remains to he seen What IS To he desired is
that each sugar producing country may he i'm
PEELED to look first to the supplying OF the home
demand, and to the development Of that de
mand to rational proportions. If the beet sugar
countries would themselves use as much sugar
Kingdom use their people would he better off
and the sugar question would not he so disturb
ing factor in international trade.
New-York tribune., 1902-03-25
Iem91ork Daily Gr-ibntre
TUESDAY. MARCH 25, 1902.
THE NEWS THIS HORNTNG.

CONGRESS Senate: The Oleomargarne bill
u as under consideration == House; Debate
on the contested election case Of Moss against
Rhea, from the lid Kentucky District. con-
tinued
FOREIGN.-In the Hols~ Of Commons the
Var Secretary. Mr.. Braor.ck stated that safe
conduct had been granted to Acting President
Schalkburgec and other 8.5- leaders 10 so
through the British lines g.. a...r.r ,E.tn PRES
dent Steyn regarding Vcsca lsr5He. J. j. 3ludar-
stood that General hit.i...- yi.r--s.. 3 = Vii
ingness to withdraw t.- t-.-.- #E g.. - -j::1cI.L
named IN hiS 1T. amat of a1r. --
The House Df Commons a.-. ..-...-.t .-s-
cussion a motion Of A~. T. ..-pl~ - l-3i- tn
expulsion OF John Dillon 20 % r-7,-, ---: u
the postal fraud cases IN IiEyaaa. { =: =.
Neely was sertengcG 2" -.-' "t.E. .--i-.s22'-
ment and 20 pay fine 80 SO '"!- - I'd is""V
10 ten years imprisonment and to y fine II
S35.516, and Estes g. = thH'-e t. -s.s -. '--
Imprisonment and 20 lay Are "a $50 ---
francs for the expense f Tre=i 5eEr lor.'r.
trip 20 81. Petersburg. ~a'- O. -,,,.@ut.
the brazilian aeronaui. aIri.sc .f, E."H'c- apc
talked about his proposed v.sit 3 AH'eriTe
----- Owing 40 = disagiec':--t t5t'N2rL 'lcaf
end Yestry Of the bcucIiting l0dJ 80 former an
rourced that funds contributed Il tn.eT,CE 10
tie repair Of Penn Churc1 RucklnghanIstire.
EnElsE3. HoIlI Ee returned t. the dnucra ---=
Thc Ar?sr.7rl s.t,~aron in Ft-ropen.i w :ers
WI Y sit l. ring r -attT teek. --= HarrY
IL Wiadt. t,l" l-aG-- O. &c expedition which Is
travelling zI. from Parts to EeW-N York
asS Tas las, 9f*'a r. IN" "a a. c5 ciss S,5 9snce
Company, H. L|ndou, decided n - declare q
preference dividend.
DOMESTIC President Roosevelt had con-
ference with Estrada Psuaa. at which it was
decided that the inauguratio ton Of General talma
as President Of cuba shall not take place before
Nay -; the President a,so conferred with a.
number 0f Congressman who Oppose tho Eayne
rsCi itrocit- hill. with -izV To securing party
harmony. ---- I ne Temporary injunction asked
for - the Interstate Commerce CcrrrIission
sgairst six railro ads @Hte-io.s ChcaEr was
granted by the Federal Cayrt =--- The Shamo-
kin miners viii aPpeI to inc civic federation
New-York tribune., 1902-03-25

important part of it is something which really
is not part of the resolutions at all. That is.
the declaration of NJ. Jaures concerning the
presence Of n socialist in the Ministry. That,
he said, was an interesting experiment. which
should not be made again; but the Socialist
party should stand by and see if any effect had
thus been produced upon the course of govern
ment. This declaration may be regarded as in
dicating the line of conduct which will be pur-
sued by the Socialists after the coming election.
1t is not auspicious of increased or even of con
tinued support Of the Waldeck Rousseau Min
istry The latter however. is conducting
singularly effective campaign. and may return
10 power with n clear majority, Independent OF
the Socialists. Such a result is probably sutt1-
ciently unexpected to make its occurrence pos
Siblp
New-York tribune., 1902-03-25
noRE PE4cE NEG0TIATLONS.

II is better 10 cry "Peace,' when there is no
peace than to clamor for war when there is no
Just cause for war. More than once the world
has hoped and thought that peace was in sight
in South Africa only to he disappointed Yet
with undimiuiShcd readiness the world will
hope that the present negotiations there W i'll
result in a speedy ending of the war, and it
seems not rash TO say that the outlook for such
a happy consummatiOn is favorable.
The tangible facts of the case are that the
nominal official head of the TransyAal Beers
together with several of his official associates
has had an interview with the British com
mander in chief and has. with the lat'erS per
mission. passed through the British lines and
had an interview with the head Of the Orange
state Beers upon the subject of making peace
The fact that General Botha. the head of the
BoPr army. was not concerned in the ncgotia-
tions does not matter Mr.. SChallburgcr out
ranks General Botha. and If Mr.. Schallburgcr
saws TO make peace General Botha must obey
or else he In revolt against his own government
The two men of all the Beers who have by
right most authority are MI. Schali>burger and
Mr.. Stcyn. ard an interview between them
with reference TO the possibility of peace pro
Tosala" under tho permission Of tine British
Government. must he regarded with the utmost
interest and hopcfulness.
It will not escape attention too that the pres
ent is a particularly favorable time for the ne
gotiation Of peace. The Beers, through their
brilliant victory over Lord Methuen, have set
their colors flying afrcsh. and could now yield
to the inevitable with far better grace than
they could have den" after an unreleved series
oG disasters. The British, too, In consideration
Of the generous treatment accorded to Lord
Methuen by General Delarey. are doubtless
more disposed than litto time ago to grant
generous terna 10 the Beers. II might he we'll
for all concerned if the current rumor were
true that Lord Kitchener has agreed To with
draw his Hau!shment proclamation if the Boer
leaders VII surrender 1t really ought To be
possible for antagonists so brave and Chivalric
as both have shown themselves 10 find a meet
ing ground upon which TO end this distressing
and depressing war.
New-York tribune., 1902-03-25
4mu&emente.

ACADEMY OF MI-sIC-s:i5-t'nder Two Flags.
AMERICAN THEATEE-S.I5 .I5-Ircle Toms Cabin
BIJOI-s 2o-The Climbers
BROADWAY THEATRE -S-The Steering Beauty ana
Beasr.
CAsINO-s -8O-Miss simplicity
CRITERION THEAThE-S-Du Du Barry.
DALY'S THEATRE - -20-Nofre Dame
EDEN MTSEE- Day and fcrening-World r. Wax
EMPIRE THEATRE 2O-The Twin sister
GARRICK THEATRE S-30-Slsy Farm.
HARLEM OPERA -s:15-F1orodora
HERALD SQUARE THEATRE .l3-Doiy EaL3eEn. -
IRVING PLACE THEATRE. .2p-Der s'hi1iNoSV' Il
Gontrofeur
KEITH l-.ae To- lo.ao Continuous Performance
kNICKERECCKER THEATRE l5-Ihe I'reaaor
MADISON SQUARE THEATRE 2p-The iLpIonlsr, -,
MADISON SQUARE GARDEN-S-M Military IourIl1
ATANHATTAE THEATI .3o-Her Lord and MaS,@r.
NETRoPOLITAN OPERA H0TSE-S--Ac'ofs HUME
Benefit.
MURRAY Hill. THEATRE-2-s-Iend Ne Five shii-
NFw SAVOY THEATRE-S:I5- Soldiers of Fortuna"
NEW-YORk THEATRES Hall of Fame-Nin'er car
I7oc-T5oRs FIFTH AsENrE-I.so to 'o8o-HuHbus
ard Varieties
PRoCToR's TWENTY THIRD sTREET-l.ao to 1880
NarietIe=
PRocToR's 18TH sTREET-I-3o to Ioao-Nell GVynne
ana Varieties
FRoCToRs FIFTY EIGHTH sTREET-i3o to 1880
Faust and Varieties
REPi FI.It-S 10 A. You Like r.
TT. NICHOLAS SKATING RINK :i5-Hochey Match
VICTORIA -15-Mir.stre
wALLA''K's THEATRE S:2o-A Gentleman q France
New-York tribune., 1902-03-25

branches of education. To crush the schools
and to suppress the newspapers and magazines
is to stamp out large part of the national life
and TO strike the deadliest blow at the integrity
of the nation
The WantonnesS of this step is also to he re-
marked upon. The Finnish press has never
been revolutionary. 1t has, on the contrary,
been distinguished for its loyalty to the govern
ment of the grand duke. From 1861 To 1873
there was only one solitary case of offence and
of government Interference with the press.
Since the conquest of 1899 has come the deluge
of suppression, partly hecauSei the Finnish
press would not accept the abolition of the
grand ducal office and the arbitrary forcing OF
the land beneath the rule of the Russian En-
peror, and partly for the more general reason
that the Finnish press a force that made
for enlightenment, and enlightenment is oh
nOXious to the cOnquerors of Finland.
New-York tribune., 1902-03-25

tinuance OF this danger in its crowded districts
All this is an outrage on the city of New
York. 1t is violation of the spirit Of home
rule. The city authorities have fairly met the
builders who desired more liberal laws and
conceded all that could reasonably be asked and
all that could possibly he granted without sac
rfcing not merely the welfare of the tenement
house population. but of the whole city. whose
health is menaced 10y the disease breeding rOOk
cries. For the legislature TO proceed in face
of the protest Of local authorities AT the behest
of a petty interest which selfishly desires to re
produce in Brooklyn the worst conditions of
crowded Manhattan would be utterly inexcus-
able The bill is In form general and so would
not be subject 10 the Mayors veto, but il prac-
tically applies only 10 Newly Ork, for in Buffalo
nobody wants 10 build such tenement houses as
these amendments would permit In spite then.
Of its general form the Legislature ought to take
account Of New-YOrk sentiment. and in this
matter the city government represents all that
Is not sordd and selfish here. Not one good
purpose is subServed by these amendments. No
mans property is taken from him through lack
of them. The Tenement House Department has
sought carefully TO leave the way open for
builders TO make profitable use Of their land. All
are satisfied except those sOuess mortals who
want TO squeeze a little more than fair profit
out or DuUulng, ana 90 IL AT tne expense OF iIie
physical health and moral welfare Of their fel-
lows.
Are the Republicans of the legislature ready
TO do their gnoble work? II they are then the
people of this city must look to Governor Odell
TO save them. They are in no mood TO see the
fruit of wears of work for better and more san
itary tenement houses thrown away. IF the
lawmakers will not modify the existing statute
according 10 the recommendations OF the local
authorities. then all revision must he killed
either in the houses or in the Executive Cham
Der. II the builders will not accept a reasonable
concession. let them endure their present re-
strictions. The people IN general will get on
very well without any new legislation.
New-York tribune., 1902-03-25
PERSONAL NOTES.

Dr Edward Everett Hale. Who will - eisny
wears old on April next made a promise the
other dav which ne is not likely 10 be called upon
To- redeem He had boarded crowded car ana a
b0v had given him seat. Thank YOU, my uSSS-
hank ,-our' said Or Hale. I'll do much tor
YOU when you eighty, II I happen 10 re arou"u
then
DR. Augustus F. Nightingale, lonE 4 prominent
squire in the educational life Of Chicago. has been
elected president Of the board OF trustees OF the
University of Illinois
In his historical sketch Of Johns Hopkins Uni
versitv ex-Prcsident Gilman quotes from letter
written BY a Presbyterian clergyman MO Vas
alarmed at the portent of address hy PROFESSOR
Huxley which was not preceded by prayer. as had
generally been the custom Of all public functionS
of sectariau religious colleges II sorry Gilman
began with Huxley. but il is possible YET 70 redSeA
the university from the stain Of such a oeEnriIs-
II was bad enough TO invite Huxley II were oSIte.
to have asked God 10 be present IL N"uIu Hs'0
been absurd to ask them both.
Senator EIkins of West Virginia is the storm
centre OF a fierce factionaI fght OF leading COZ
leges The Senator has at Princeton an
other AT Harvard and third at the University ol
PENNSYLVANIA These three brothers are constantly
at war over the merits Of their respective tnsttu-
tions They make bets with one another on thei'
football baseball and track teams. and no maIte5
what the outcome the Senator - always CAI4SS1
lpOn bv the defeated brother to pay. tie sald tnS
other day that ii was the greatest mistake ne Ia
He remarked that n he had II do over aSain ~
would send them all 10 the same institution 80
Keeping peace in the family and money IN niS
pocket