The Montgomery advertiser., 1902-10-05

 galley boys and head line compositors, all combine to remind one of large machine shop in full operation.
 The watchword in the composing room is haste" Every man is drilled in his particular position to perform his duty without delay, to know when it should be performed and to feel as if the publi- sation of the current issue entirely de- pended upon him. A slight delay by Jingle man has frequently caused an Ddition to be missed, Then there is com Dlant from subscribers and the business lffice is heard from.
 After the editor. has prepared his scopy" 1t is conveyed to .the foreman in small tube 9'Copy" is the newspaper pame for the manuscript intended to be printed in the paper. Upon reaching the lesk it is cut into takes" 'take". is } batch of copy ready for the prnter-the linotype machine operator. the size of which depends upon conditions. Generally, h the earlier hours of the day or night } take" may make column, but as press time approaches the size may de- krease to a single inch. In this manner } late piece of pews can be speedily put Into type. corrected and inserted in the paper within few minutes.
 For example, a column of late news natter is frequently put in type, cor fected ana cloSed up III the form III twenty minutes.
 yusion would arise in thus cutting up ccopy' into small pieces. This is avoid 1d by marking each piece alphabetically For instance, the first long article might Ae designated "B." The headlines would De marked T B. and passed to the man Eho sets the. 'heads,' the first take earked "2 B." then 8 B. until the en- hre article would be exhausted and in khe hands of the operators. The next ar licle may be marked ''C'' then "D," car lying out the same system.
 When the "copy' is made up into Flakes 1t is hung upon a nook and put ln 6 convenient place for the operator, who, upon conveying 1t to his machine, hangs it upon special hook of his own placing one page at time upon the copy holder of his machine as he pro ceeds to reduce the subject matter to type. The "copy' is supposed to be per feet when it reaches the operators hands and he follows 1t closely as to construc- tion, punctuation, spelling, etc. Ere quently an incorrect word creeps in and is overlooked by the editor, and while the operator is supposed to follow his copy-being a machine himself in that respect-nany a reputation has been say ed by the operator changing a word
 Operators are Numbered.
 The operators are known by numbers. such as slug one, slug two or three and he so marks all work accomplished by him by placing a heavy line at the head of 1t, which appears in the proof, thus showing the foreman or others in the office just who set the article or any part - of 1t.
 The operator sets type by nanipuatinS the keyboard on the machine, which re- eembles those of a typewriter, but the keys are more numerous. His fingers fly over the keyboard with such speed that the average manipulator of an office type writer would blush with shame at the sight As the operator touches each key representing a letter or character, the matrices fall into an assembly in which the line Is made up. This is in front of the printer, the side of each maurice in dicating the character it represents, the letter cut in the little brass piece. After a line is thus made up, through a lever the same is sent to the casting box in the machine and presently a full line of type appears in the type stick. After the operator sets his take" the type is placed upon a galley. The "head~ man the | places the proper heading over the article or articles and delivers the same to the galley boy or "devil'' as he is more familia:rly known.
 The galley is a receptacle for the type made of brass about twenty inches long, four inches wide, with two sides one end and fiat bottom. As the galley boy picks up the galley he also picks up the original "copy' where it has been placed by the head man. The proof or proofs are made and also a "dupe," which is short for duplicate This is used by the operators to show the exact amount of work accomplished, as he is paid for what he does.
 The letter I'm" is the basis of meas- urement and the typesetter is paid so much per thousand ms" Operators in The Advertiser office set from 50O00 to 5000 ms" per day of eight hours
 The proof and copy is sent to the proof readers den. The proof reader must be man who "knows every thing" as it is bis duty to locate all typographical errors. see that all sentences are gram matically correct. change workings and dates. keep out duplicated articles. such as time-worn jokes and quote "bor- rowed" articles. The proof reader has an assistant, whose duty it is to watch the original copy as the proof-reader Heads aloud the article in type If the copy-holder finds that the wording of the article does not correspond with the story as read he calls the attention of the proof-reader to the fact and the changes are made accordingly.
 An expert operation is troubled little with bad proofs, sometimes setting A whole galley without an error. An operator of less experience or of a care less dispotition may make errors in every line, but this class fingers but a short time on a big daily. and generally falls back to the small dailies, where wages are low.
 After the proof is read and the cor rections marked by the proof reader, the proof reverts to the galley boy. If the galley of type was set by slug one. the proof Is carried to his machine and this operator must make the corrections In making a single correction a new line must be made and often considerable time Is consumed in this work especially when set by dirty operator, the man of many errors. Each operator, as he casts the corrected line. walks over tc the "correcting dump" where the galley was placed after the first proof, and with the aid of the proof in locating certain lines, draws from the article the incorrect, and substitutes the correct line Generally a revised proof Is taken and sent to the proof-readeF or editorial rooms and 1t is not unusual for one oi tbe editors to ''call up" the foreman of the composing room and after de- 1ivering his quota of disgust, request hin +o flor Gods sake hold up a certain article until a 'bulr' he has located ii
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