davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23
MI1cHELL'S LETTER.
He Scores Operators and Praises Sc
Ioekian If CnnaIaiSsinn

lection Of Commission.
Washington, Oct. II. - President
Mitchell's letter accepting President
Roosevelt's appointment of arbitrator
for settlement of the coal strike was
made public at the White House yes
terday morning.
1t is an exhaustive .review of the
situation from the miners standpoint.
He states that he was opposed to the
operators position because of the re-
strictions placed upon the president,
but now that the restrictions had been
removed he was willing to accept the.
arbitrament of the commission.
Mr. Mitchell comments bitterly on
the conduct of the operators at the
first conference at the White House,
cbaracterizing their attitude as in
sulting and unmanly. In closing, he
says:
by the eminent tribunal which you
have named we have confidence that
justice will be done our people. We
are glad to have chance to appear
before such court empowered to con-
slider and dispose of all questions at
issue. First among those is the de-
mand of the mineworlers for in
creased wages and a reduction in the
hours of labor; second is the relations
which ought to exist between the en-
ployers and an organization which the
mel have formed and which they au-
thorize to speak for them. From this
arbitration we hope and believe will
come complete satisfactory and per-
manent solution of the troubles which
have veNed the anthracite field from
time immemorial.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23
Che news
From the Capital.


The estimate for the entire expendi-
lures for the postal service for the
uext year is s153,0l0,520.
Ground has been broken for the Nc
mortal Continental Hall of the Nation
al Society of the Daughters OF the
American Revolution in Washington.
A cable dispatch dated Oct. 16.
from Manila to the war department an
nounces deaths of twelve enlisted men
in the army. Only one was the result
Of cholera.
The general superintendent OF sal
aries and allowances of the postal SER
vice advises a classification OF clerks
il presd ntial Offices. and also that the
government should own its postofice
stations in all large cities.
Orders have been issued by the
navy department directing Command
err w. E. Sewell to proceed to Guam
and assume the duties OF commandment
of the naval station at that place, re-
lieving Commander Seaton Schroeder,
ordered home to await orders.
The president has selected Col. j, L.
Rodgers. the senior colonel of artillery.
for promotion to the grade of briga-
der general TO succeed Brig. Gen.
Quinton on the re1ire,r ent of that Of
ficer. Gen. Rodgers was the chief ar
tillery officer at Tampa during the
Spanish war and afterward went to
Porto Rico with Gen. Schwan in like
capacity
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23
OF the Week
Sin and Sinners.

Sin and Sinners.
The coroners jury in New York held
W. H. Young guilty of the violent muir
f, der of Mrs. Anna Pulitzer.
James Pendleton, mayor of Gentry
| Mo-. has been sentenced to five years
in the penitentiary for bisamy.
| The arrival of troops in Indian Ter
litory alone prevented conflict be
tween rival factions OF the Choctaws
Allen Hyden. county Judge of Ows
, ley county. Kentucky. was recently
, shot from ambush. evidently by pc
| litical enemy.
w. II. Wright. defaulting treasurer
of Hawaii. is said to have eluded The
San Francisco officers and headed fol
the East.
One man was shot and another ia
tally stabbed during clash between
; striking glassblowers and guards q!
| Nineland. n. j.
Harry A. Harris. a carpenter at the
state penitentiary al Lincoln. Neb.. has
been arrested on the charge OF SNUG
Cling opium to prisoners.
E. Il. Butler. multi-millionaire ano
veteran Democratic leader of the city
/ and state. had his case, for bribery. in
ST. Louis, brought to Columbia. Mo-,
On change OF venue.
Orlando Schooley who was taxing /.
CT OVID of newly-recruited men to work
at the EdSerton colliery in Jermyn. Pa,
was set upon by mob of 100 strikers,
beaten with clubs and his back broken.
Miss Hattie kohlmann of Chicago,
accused of exercising hypnotic pow
er over Miss Mary Arnold, which re-
suited in her stealing $500 from her
employer, was arrested on charge of
receiving stolen property.
Alexander G. Young, corporation
counsel of Hudson county. New Jersey,
was arrested on charge of kidnap-
ping his child, preferred by his di-
vorced wife. Mrs. Loise McAl'ister
vorced wife. Mrs. Louise McAllister
Edwin A. Scroeder committed sui
eide on railroad train in Georgia. He
was president of Schroeder & Arguim-
n.bau. tobacconists. New Jersey cor
poration. capitalized at S450,000. He
was married to q sister of Roland H.
Molineaux.
ILOluGS y. Sudl htH, VIII 10 dCCtSCu
CT beng responsible for the death of
Nicholas Fish in New York, has been
released on $500 bail by Recorder
Golf. after three weeks imprisonment.
Originally the amount OF bail was fixed
at $4,000.
Henry ]. King who, on July II, called
at the New York Founding hospital
and shot Sisters Angela and Cyrilla be-
cause they would not tell him the
name of his parents, has been con-
victed second time. He is liable to
a sentence of fifteen years on the two
counts. For nine years King has con-
tended he is the son of wealthy pa
rents, who put him in the asylum, and
that the attendants were concealing
his identity.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23
BY BIG MAJORITY
MINERS ARE CERTAIN TO APP.
PROVE OF THE ARelrRA.
TON SCHEME.
SOME OPPOSITION DEVELOPS
BUT ELECTION OF DELEGATES
INDICATES THAT MAJORITY
FAVOR IT.
SOME OPPOSITION DEVELOPS
MITCHELL SCORES OPERATORS
IN HIS LETTER TO THE PREsl,
DENT HE TAKES A SLAP
AT THEM.

| Wilkesbarre, Pa, Oct. 10. - 4 ma
icrity of the local miners unions YES
terday elected delegates to the con-
vention which will be held here next
Monday to- consider the arbitration
plan submitted by President Roose-
welt. Results show that the plan will
be approved by large majority.
There is some opposition to accept
ance, but it is certain that a majority
of the delegates will come to the con-
accepting the arbitration scheme The
there is no fear that the opposition
will be strong enough to defeat the
efforts of those who favor ending the
strike by arbitrating their differences
! with the operators.
President Mitchell does not care to
anticipate the action of the conven-
ton, but from his manner it is taken
that he has not the slightest doubt as
to the result. He will go into the con-
vention and make strong speech for
the acceptance of the arbitration
scheme. The indications are the con-
vention will last two days and that
there will be much
Debate on Various Features
Of the arbitration plan. The conditions
at some collieries are different from
those existing at other places. The
principal question to be discussed be-
fore the plan is accepted by the mill
ers will be that of taking care of all
the men. The conditions of the mines
are such that all workmen cannot be
given work Immediately, and some
will have to wait for three weeks be-
fore the companies can take care Of
them. The operators will not dismiss
the non-union men in order to give
employment to. returning striker. 1t
is understood that the union will take
care of all such men who fail to find
immediate employment. This will be
done by drawing funds from the relief
fund, which is said to be still growing.
1t is estimated that Is per cent of
the collieries will be in operation on
the first day after the suspension is
over. The railroads are making every
effort to have enough cars on hand to
carry the freshly mined coal to mar
ket and are sending thousands c. cars
into the regions and placing them on
sidings at the collieries.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23
THE MARKETS.
Latest Quotations From Grain and
Live Stock Centere.

Live Stock Centere.
st. Paul, Oct. 20. - Wheat - No. 1
Northern. 10 q PIC; No. 2 Northern,
G7@GSc; No. 8. 64166c; no grade, 500
Csc. Corn-No. 3 yellow, 500 Coo; No.
8, 5Sc; 40 grade. so 1-2c. RRye-No.
2. acc. Barley-Malting grades, AGO
49c; feeding grades, 400 Acc. Flax
No. 1, S1.21. Oats-No. s white. 800
80 1-2c; No. white, 3O632c; No. 3,
2SM30c.
Minneapolis. Oct. 20. - Wheat-No.
] hard, 72c; No. l Northern, Tic; No. 9
Northern. CSC.
Duluth, Oct 20. - Wheat - No. 1
hard. 73 1-Sc; No. 1 Northern. II Sc;
No. 2 Northern, G. 5-Sc; No. spring,
81 Sc; oats, Sic; rye, 4S 1-2c; barley,
35@53c; flax. s1.1S.
Chicago. Oct. 90 - Wheat - No 2
red. 75c; No. red, 6S@71 1-2c: No. 2
hard, winter, re; No. 3 hard winter,
GS@69c; No. l Northern spring, 73c;
No. 2 Northern spring, 71@72c: No. 8
spring. 67@71c. Corn-No. 2. SO 100
6Oc: No. 8, SO 1-2@6Oc. Oats-No. 2,
20 1-2@ soc: No. 8. 2sc.
Milwaukee, Oct. 20. - Wheat - No.
1 Northern. 70 1-2@74c; No. 2 North
ern, 72 1-2@73c; December, Il rs @
72c. Rye-No l, sic. Barley-No. 2,
Coo. Oats-Standard, 80 1908 1-2c.
Corn-Decem!,ar. 51@51 1-Sc.
Sioux City, Iowa, Oct. 20. - Cattle
Beeves, Sc q 1925; cows, bulls and
mixed. $2.25@4; stockers and feeders,
$2.50@4.75; yearlings and calves, $3.50
o.. Hogs. S6.s5@71o; bulk, $4,000
Cos.
Chicago, Oct. 20. = Cattle-Good to
prime steers, s7.25@S.5O; stockers and
feeders, $2.25@3.2O; COWS, s1.4o@4.75;
heifers, $2.25@5.25; bulls, s2.25@4.75;
calves, s3.75@725; Texas-fed steers,
1904. Hogs - Mixed and butchers,
s6.75@7.40: good to choice heavy,
$6.95@7.50; rough heavy. s64O@ $50;
light, s6.45@705; bulk of sales, $3.50
o.. Sheep-Good to choice wethers,
$3.40@3.75; fair to choice mixed, S2.25
$3.50; Western sheep, S250@ $50;
native lambs. s3.50@5 $40; Western
lambs, s3.5O@51O.
South St. Paul, Oct 20. - Cattle -
Good to choice steers. s5@550; good
to choice COWS and heifers, 1925 @
4.25; good to choice feeding steers, 81
OATS; stock steers, s3@3.25; steer
calves, S2@3; good to choice stock
COWS and heifers. s2.4O626o; heifer
calves, s2@2.60. Hogs-Price range,
s6.4066.5o; bulk, 6.S5 O $50; rough
sorts, 1928. Sheep - Fancy lambs,
$4,000; good to choice fat lambs,
$3.60@3.S5: culls and stock lambs,
$3.50 q 1926: good to choice yeariing
wethers, $3.25M3.4O.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23
Capitulation of Town.

Port-au-Prince, Haiti, Oct. 19.-The
foreign consuls at Gonaives (the head
quarters of the revolutionists), after
negotiating with Gen. Nord, command.
er of the government forces, have
brought about the capitulation of that
town. Government troops will enter
Gonaives to-day, and it is hoped there
will be no clash with the revolution
lists. Detachments of marines from
the Cincinnati, DAssas and the Fake
are at present guarding the foreign
consulates there. The consulates are
filled with refugees.
NJ Firmin, the revolutionary leader,
left Oct. Is for Mathewtown, Inagua
island, Bahama, on board the steamer
Adirondack, of the Hamburg-American
line. He was accompanied by about
200 of his followers.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23
NEWS IN BRIEF.
Overflow From the Wires in a Corr
densed Form.

| Overflow From the Wires in Com
densed Form.
Vincenz Kraemer. director OF the
Anglo Austrian bank in Vienna, has
been arrested on the charge OF obtain
ing $1,000 from the bank by false pre-
| lenses.
The Cuban cabinet has approved the
annual budget, the expenditures IN
which amount to about $14,O0O,0OO.
The receipts are estimated Mt over
sl6,O000O0.
The most prominent Austrian trades
union, the Gewerbe Verein of Lower
Austria has decided to send deputa-
ton to the United States in 1904 to
visit the St. Louis exposition.
The vienna Neue Freie Presse an
nounced that the resignation OF the
Austrian Minister OF justice. Baron
Spens- Booden. recently rendered. has
been accepted. Premier Won koerber
will administer the affairs OF the de-
partment ad interim.
Secretary OF the Cuban Government
Tamayo has issued an order prohibit
ing the incubation for experimental
purposes of non-immuneS by mosque
toes which have bitten person with
the yellow fever and which have been
infected for over ten days.
The duchess of Marlborough ar
rived at Vienna for the purpose of I'M
dergoing treatment by Prof. lsldor
Mueller for severe catarrhal affec-
ton. Prof. Mueller has successfully
treated many prominent American pa
tients and is now treating the son of
Secretary Root.
Negotiations have nearly been COM
pleted for the establishment of extern
sive trading relations between Russia
and Japan. under which special priv
ileges are to be granted to each com
try. A line of first-class steamers is
to be promoted between the Black sea
and Japan. There will be special tank
steamers to convey Russian petroleum
to Japanese ports.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23
Otherwise.

Charles NJ. Hayes of Montreal was
elected president of the Vermont Cen
trail railroad at the annual meeting.
Joe Cans, the lightweight champion,
knocked out Kid Mcfarland of New
York in the fifth round at Fort Erie,
Ont.
A discovery of gold was made while
excavating for the federal building at
Butte, Mont. A pan will show many
colors to the glass.
Striking firemen on the Texas Mexi
can and National roads have called off
the strike, and applied for the rein
statement of those not active in the
tie-up.
Fire insurance men in Illinois claim
to be badly handicapped by adverse
legislation, and claim their business
should be as free as traffic in other
commodities.
The engagement is announced III
London of Commander Wentworth
Chetwynd. R. n, and Augusta. daugh-
ter of the late E. R. Robinson of Wash
ington Square, New York.
Adam Hall. newly erected addition.
W 4uOO1 SOlISSS DIT dUOl 1Ohd, lids
been dedicated, the address being de-
livered by eX-President William NJ.
Brooks, D. D. The building cost over
$4,000.
An apartment house sixteen stories
high is in prospect of erection Oh Fifth
avenue, between Sixty-fourth and Six
ty-hfth streets, New York, and the
| wealthy inhabitants of that aristCcrat-
ic section are up in arms to prevent it.
| At a meeting Of grain dealers at st.
| Louis, called to fight the manipulation
of rates permitted by shrinkage bill
| ing through Louisville & Cincinnati
gateways. and to secure the equaliza-
| ton Of rates through all Southern
! gateways. a permanent organization
was effected, to be known as the Grain
Dealers Association of the Lower
| Gateways.
Acting upon instructions of Presi-
dent Schaffer, Mckinley Lodge, Anal.
gamated Association of Iron and Steel
and Tin workers, met recently and
took another vote on the proposition
! to accept % per cent reduction on or.
ders from the Standard Oil company
The vote was almost unanimous to &C
! cept the reduction upon the oil compa.
ny's contract, but upon no others.
What is said by physicians at the
Bellevue and New York postgraduate
hospitals to be the smallest living child
ever born has been placed in an incu
bator at the latter institution The
child, boy, weighs one pound and
seven ounces. 1t is fourteen inches in
length. 1t was taken to Bellevue by
John Clark, carpenter.
Young Corbett, the champion feath
erweight pugilist of the world, was
awarded the decision over Joe Bern
stein of New York, the Ghetto cham
pion,' before the Eureka Athletic club
at Baltimore.
The United States geological survey
estimates the worlds production OF
coal in 1901 at SG6, 165,540 short tons
The three great coal producing coun
tries of the world are the United
States, Great Britain and Germany
Austria.Hungary comes fourth, France
fifth, Belgium sixth and Russia sew
f! eDth.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23
Relics Of a Hold-up.

Lead. S. D.. Oct. 19.-Several Lead
business houses have received inter
esting relics of the recent express rob-
berry near Lincoln. Neb. One firm had
consignment of hats and caps in the
express car. evidently near the safe
that was blown with dynamite. The
box was badly shattered and the CON
tents perforated by numerous frag-
ments OF iron and steel from the safe
Several dozen of these pieces have
been collected and are held as souy.
enl1s OF the hold-up. The merchandise
was considerably damaged by the OK.
plOSiOn.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23
Accidental Happenings.

One killed and one fatally injured,
besides much damage to property re-
suited from a tornado at Quincy. III.
Two were killed and a number in
jured by an express train running into
freight. near Barre, three miles west
Of Altoona, Pa.
A hail storm. covering the ground
until it resembled snow, did $4,000
damage to glass. mainly on green
houses, in ST. Louis.
Forty horses We're burned to death
and three men had narrow escapes
f1om a like fate in fire in the five
story structure occupied by the Gan
zeyvoort livery and boarding stables
ir New York
A horse attached to milk wagon in
Chicago collided with an automobile.
and when they separated the animal
IVES ready to proceed. but had kicked
the bubble so effectively that it was
laid up for repairs.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23
RESURRECTION SPREADING.
Turkish Families Massacred and Re.
serves Are Called Out.

London, Oct. 19.-Advices received
here from Salonca, European Turkey,
dated Monday. Oct. 10, report the in
surrection in Northern Macedonia to
be spreading. The telegraph wires
have been cut in several places be-
tween Melnig and Djumabala. Many
Turkish families are reported to have
been massacred. All the Turkish
second reserves at Salonika have al
ready been sent into the interior. and
large numbers of reinforcements have
been ordered from Constantinople to
Salonica. A telegram from Eolo,
Greece, dated Oct. II, announces that
the last class of the Salonica reserves
has been called out
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23
BEEF COMBINE A GO.
Capital Expected to Be Increased to
Five Hundred Millions.

1--WE T1UtIOI GU "1IitIOtlS'
Trenton, N. j., Oct. 19.-The United
States Packing company, which is UNI
derstood to be the beef combine, was
incorporated yesterday with an author.
lied capital of s1,O00,000. 1t is under
stood that this amount will be subse-
quently increased to probably $780,
100000. The company is authorized
to purchase and deal in cattle and 9TH
er live stock, and to carry on the bust
ness of butchers, packers, storekeep-
ers, construct and operate steamship
lines, etc. The capital stock is di-
vided into one-half preferred and one.
half common. The dividends are to be
preferred upon the preferred stock
semi-annually, but are not to be cumu-
lative. The dividends, however, are to
be at no time less than per cent or
more than per cent per annum. The
incorporates are Horace S. Gould,
Frederick K. Sew ard and Kenneth K.
McLaren, all Of whom are clerks in a
New Jersey corporation agency.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23
MINE DEAL is CLOSED.
The Elizabeth Mine at Hibbiaq Will
Chan1e Hacds

Duluth. Mimi. Oct. 10. - 1t was
learned from authoritative sources
yesterday that Pickands, Mather G.
co. OF Cleveland, who have had an op-
ton on the Elizabeth mine at Hibbing
for several weeks, have practically
closed for the property and that the
bonus OF $4,000 for the lease will be
paid in day Or two. The Elizabeth is
state lease. The deal was handled
by j. P. Morrow and he and several
other Duluth men figure in the trans
action.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23
From Other Shores

The plague. at Odessa. Russia. con-
tinues. but there have been no deaths.
Mr.. Kruger has left Utrecht. Hol-
land, for kentone, in the south of
France.
Father Pho Mayer. German, has
been elected general of the Carmelite
order.
Prussia is about to acquire six of the
railroads yet remaining in private
hands.
The collapse of the roof of mine at
Lobo, near Linares. Spain, resulted in
the death of seven persons.
The "Dios Dios" are active again in
Samar. levying tribute upon towns
and driving foreign traders away.
The Norwegian storthing was form
ally opened, but no matters of particu.
lar Importance were brought out.
The Spanish cabinet has agreed 10
renewal of the literary copyright treaty
between the United States and Spain.
The Republican judges in Porto Rico
refuse to register members of the fed
eral party, and more trouble is immi-
nent.
The Macedonian revolution still pro-
crosses, and battalion of Turkish
troops was destroyed at the krezna de-
file.
The German foreign secretary con-
siders colonization still one of the
greatest problems for Germany to con-
sider.
A French midwife of Paris claims
that her daughter, an illegitimate child
of Gambetta, was murdered for her
money.
There have been numerous riotings
and shootings at political meetings in
Porto Rico, the most serious being at
Guayma.
The French government has stated
to Spain that it is ready to aid in the
construction of two railroads through
he Pyrenees.
The closing of the Socialist club
resulted in a riot, causing the death Of
twenty and the wounding of many.
The president and a bookkeeper of
the Wencelaus Loan bank, at Prague,
have been arrested charged with COM
plicitv in a defalcation amounting to
S500,000.
If prize of 100000 is offered, San
tos-Dumont will attempt travelling from
Paris to San Francisco in his airship,
the money not to be paid unless the
trip is successful.
1t is said unofEcially that the Brit
ish government will ask parliament to
authorize a Transvaal loan of $780,
100000 or. more to be guaranteed by
the imperial government.
1t is reported that Kwei Chun, the
former victroy of SEE Chuen province,
has been dismissed from the imperial
service for his failure to extinguish the
rebellion in that part of the country.
A special dispatch received at Berlin
from Caracas. Venezuela, says Adam
Russell, a German subject and man
ager of the Venezuela Plantation com
pany, has been found murdered and
robbed on the read. The German gov
eminent is making an investigation.
the revoutionists.
Sir John George Bourinot, clerk of
the Dominion house of commons, and
ali authority on parliamentary proceed
ure. is dead. He was in his seventy
fifth year. He was we'll known au-
thor and lecturer.
The port of st. Marks. Haiti, not he
ing able to resist the army Of the pro-
visional government. solicited the in.
tervention of the diplomatic corps at
that place, which was accorded, and
resulted in the capitulation of the port.
The government troops, Immediately
after. occupied the city. without any
disorder.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23
THREE YEARS OF STRIFE.
Colombian Revolutionary Movement
Has lasted Well.

Panama. Oct. 19.-Three years ago
on Thursday the present civil strife
in Colombia was begun by Gen. Tribe
Tribe, in Bucaramauga, department Of
Santander, which town was captured
by assault and afterward recaptured
by Gen. Willimizar, then governor of
Santander. The rebellion soon after
ward spread over the republic and still
continues
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23
III Health Induces s,,;cia.

Helena. Mont, Oct. 10. - joseph
Eernheim committed suicide last might
by swallowing carbolic acid He was
bookkeeper for a large dry goods store
where his accounts are said to he
st1alsht. He was Respondent over IN
health 40
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23
GREATEST EVER.
Battle Between Venezuela and Ravo.
lutionists Sill Ranes

Washington, Oct 19.-The greatest
battie that Venezuela has ever known
Is sun raging, according to cable
gram received at the state depart
ment yesterday from United States
Minister Bowen at Caracas. 1t has
been decided at the state department.
That the one United States naval YES
sci, the Marietta, now at La Guayra.
me port of Caracas. il sufficient for
the present needs.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23
Fires Wide Swath.

Sturgis, S. D., Oct. 19-It is reported
that prairie fire burned over a strip
of country near White Owl, about zen
by thirty miles last week. The build
ings on the Diamond cattle ranch
were also destroyed there being no
one at home but the women.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23
conspire to Lew BIackmaiI.

Chicago, Oct. 1.-two city detect
ives, lawyer and Firsa ward poll
tician are under arrest, charged with
ccnspiring to levy blackmail upon the
family of young man whom they had
in the meshes of the law for burglary.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1902-10-23

Earthquakes are reported from diff
ferent parts of Mexico, but, thanks
to Diaz, these are the only disturb
ances that are likely to occur in the
neighboring republic.