davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times., 1902-05-30
Twofoid Object Accomplished.

Inc cbleCt OF tho concentration camps
was 'wcf0ld: First. TO get the people
into ramDs whore they could be fed:
and then TO starve the ladrones and in
surgents.
The ladrones had a regular scale OF
taxation upon the people. They would
charge certain persons certain amount
and certain other persons certain
other amount: and they were compelled
to pay from fear OF assassination. 1t
therefore became absolutely necessary
to separate friends from enemies. The
result was to stop guerrilla warfare much
sooner than 1t otherwise would have been
stopped, and TO protect the lives and
property of the natives. He did not see
how this could be done in any other
way.
Senator Beveridge asked Colonel Wag-
ner to state the differences between
these concentration camps and the wey-
Ter concentration camps. His answer
vas that there was only one point Of
similarity between the two-and that
was that people were brought within
certain region and were compelled to-
stay there. The points OF dissimilarity
were that the Spaniards starved the peo-
Dlc and that the Americans fed them. In
fact. comparison between the two was
simply comparing mercy with cruelty"
Policy Of Predecessors.
Senator Culberson asked whether the
policy Of the predecessors Of Generals
Bell and Smith was not milder than the
policy Of those officers.
Colonel Wagner replied that he could
not speak as 10 General Smith and his
predecessors because he was not
In that department; but as 10
General Bell. his predecessor was
Gen. Samuel S Sumner. and
G neral Sumner had told him that
he was not allowed to take such
severe measures as he deemed neces-
sary. but was handicapped by orders
from the department headquarters.
Answering further questions as to the
Philippine concentration camps Colonel
Wagner said that the two which he
had visited contained 1900 persons;
tbey had since been sisbandcd. and there
were now no concentrs,icn camps.
None Rad been continued longer than
was absolutely necessary. He had not
heard OF single case whore anybody
had been shot at the dead line. The
children in the concentration camps
went to school, and appeared to be as
happy as school children in the United
States.
Saw No Instances Of Torture.
In reply to questions AS to torture,
colonel Wagner said that he had no per-
sonal information on the subject, but
had seen communications on the sub
iect which, on being investigated, prov
ed TO have been without foundation. A
letter written by a soldier OF the Forty
sixth Infantry had been published in
the United States, and the printed slips
sent out to the islands for investiga
ton. The charge proved to have been
made out of the whole cloth-the sold
Ter himself stating that he had written
the letter with the view of 'jollying
the old folks"
without closing the examination of
Colonel Wagner the committee adjourn.
cd until tomorrow.
The Washington times., 1902-05-30
UNDERWRITERS.
w. r. SpEARE.

UNpERTAKER AND EMBALMER.
$40 ST y. W.
Everything strictly frst-class on the most rea-
Telephone call. Main $40.
The Washington times., 1902-05-30

(oOu.lsf1a Ninth Page.)
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27
Dode Fisk Coming.

e. Il. vocht has engaged the
celebrated Dode Fisk Concert
and Dance Orchestra for a Grand
Ball in Miller opera house April
14th, 1902. Tickets for the
dance can be bought at the
Palace drug store or G. II. Vocht
ut the Vanderbilt hotel. The
reserve seat plat will be put ur
at the Palace Drug Store Thurs
day March 20, at 2 L. NJ. Re
served seats for concert 35c. 3t
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

Mrs. Mary L. Kneally, an es-
Unable aged lady, died Thurs
day at the home OF her son-in-
law John McGowan in Logan
township. Her age was 81 years,
and her lite had been that OF a
devout Catholic. Services were
held Saturday at the Catholic
church, conducted by Father
Ambrose, and the remains laid
to rest in .he G. A. II. cemetery
beside those of her daughter,
who recently preceded her.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27
Vim. Olson, of Hand county,

VIM. Olson, of Hand county,
attended court here this week.
He was summoned as a witness
for the state i'm the horse rust
ling case. Highmore Bulletin.
The two horse thieves, Van
Hoozen and ST. John, were sent
to the penitentiary for Is and
II months respectively.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

The Sharpless Low down Tub
ulor Cream Separator skins the
closest, runs the easiest, and is
less work to clean than any
other separator made. Sold on
eesy terms. PoHTEb CREE,
l3tf Miller, >. y. Agt.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

Mrs. j. S. Mcdonald One OF
north Hand countiy'sgood WON
en-. died at her home in Carleton
township Friday in confinement.
She was aged 70 years, and
leaves Il husband and four child
rem to mourn auirreparable loss.
The remains were buried in the
Howell cemetery.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

See the land adv. OF w. II, Raj
fety in this paper. and yourqllss-
ton of who is the "Reul Estate
Brokers Exchange" will be an
sWered.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

The Rev. Father Plus Boehm,
pastor of the Miller Catholic
church, is in very poor health,
and has gone to Pierre for medi-
cal treatment.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27
400 pairs OF new shoes just re.
ceived making 1000 pairs in all,
13tf III. II. GREEvEs.

Do you want some cattle or
horses? lfso go to the Bussey.
Olson sale in Greenleaf twp, Sec.
1O-113-69, on Tuesday April
LIST. Free lunch ut noon.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

X. Lauzon is preparing to re-
move to his farm south OF Rec
Heights. Thos. Wade will oc-
cupy his dwelling.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

C. B. Vocilt has booked the
famous Harry Webber troupe i'll
his ia vorite play Nip and Tuck
at Miller Opera House, April %.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

The little son OF Chas. Crab
tree fell in the store the other
day and struck his head on the
corner of a box, resulting in d
painful wound.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

The best school shoes in the
world are the Henderson Red
School house shoe for sale only
by J. W. Coquillette. lott
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

Memo Bently Ainsworth.
preacher, lecturer, orator, will
lecture at the Christian church
tomorrow evening Mich. 2Sth.
He is highly commended as an
orator by the newspapers. Ad.
mission % and Is cents.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

Don't miss hearing the elo-
ouent Rev. Ainsworth at the
Christian church Friday night.
His subject is "The March OF the
10th Century"
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

G. ". Mclaughlin, who recen-
tly purchased the Rasmussen
stock OF goods, has a business
announcement in this paper. 1t
will interest you.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

Mrs. Marston, of Huron, As
sociate Grand Matron OF the
Eastern Star lodge, was enter
tanned last night by the local
Star ladies.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

New subscribers and renewals
for the past week. Wefk EBgle-
man, j. L. Williams, +. o. pil.
cher, C. NJ. McClatchey, Peter
Ramsey, w. L. Walker, W. j.
Halloween, L. S. Phillips, Joel
Bridges.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

J. Z. Kimmell, of Sioux Falls,
is here this week, to arrange q
branch Of the Union building and
loan association. 1t is a good
thing for any one desiring to
build or buy a home and pay for
it by monthly payments.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

Hon. J. NJ. Greene, ofChamber-
lain, has been selected as Colonel
of the End regiment $. d. state
guards.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

Chas. MCGOWAN, of Pierre,
came to Miller Saturday TO at
tend the funeral of his grand
Mrs. Kneally.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

Andrew Butler is at work this
week with his force moving the
back binding OF the Henshaw
house south one lot; back OF the
Miller feed store, which will be
rearranged for his hotel.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

Contractor Stout has been re-
arranging and building an adj
dition to the dwelling OF DR.. Will
son.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

The Misses Ellen and Hannah
Pugh, of Paola Kansas, are Wis
iting their father Edward Pugh,
in Miller.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

Notice the sale Of Bussey x
Olson advertised else where in
this paper. 1t occurs at the
ranch in Greenleaf Tuesday,
April LIST.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

The Pres. Christian Endeavor,
meets as usual Sun. evening Mich.
30, Miss Nellie Potter leader.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

Clint Crabtree has purchased
the interest of his brother
Charles in the Crabtree store and
will hereafter conduct it alone.
Charles will remove to Rapid
City and engage in the mercan-
tile business.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

500 pairs OF mems, women s
and children's new shoes. Just
received mt Coquillette's lott
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

See those new dress skirts for
ladies at Coqnillette's. Just re-
ceived. lott
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

Rev. Tell is holdinga service OF
meetings nightly at the Presby-
terrain church. Rev. Grant, OF
Huron, is assisting him. A cor
dial invitation to all is extended
to attend these meetings.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

Fred Coleman went to Pierre
Tuesday where he has a position
in the Matheson saloon.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

7. F. Powers, OF ST. Lawrence,
writes to have his Press for.
warded to Little Rock, Iowa.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

J. W. Conway, the Orient mer-
chant, was a Miller visitor Fri
day.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

There will lie Easter Services
at the NJ. r. church Sunday
morning. Special music BY the
choir.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

List your land for sale or rent
with the new land firm. 13tf
REAL ESTATE BROKERS Elk.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

500 mems and boys new hats
Just received.
13tf II. K. GREEvEs.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

We are loaded to the muzzle.
l3tf REAL ESTATE BROKERS FIX.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

Little Marguerite, daughter OF
Mr.. and Mrs. L. +. Waite, IL SER
iously i'll.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

VIM. Wilkins and family re-
turned from New York week.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

Deputy Register Dwyer is con-
fined to his home by sickness.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

Edward Seeley, of York twp.
has moved to Redfield.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

Miss lone Lowell returned
home Saturday from Salem.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

Lewis Kellough returned home
from Brooklngs colleget this week.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27
PIE X SON AL s.
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES

Lloyd Chrisman is reported on
the sick list.
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

AVID
CHILD

Does your horse feel his
oats"e What a difference be-
tween the granted and the
CRASHED horse! The first
strong and full Of ginger, the
second habby, weak and tired
out before he begins. The
feeding makes the difference.
Children are not alike either.
One is rosy, bright-eyed, full
of life and laughter, another is
pale, weak and dull. The feed
ing again is responsible.
Sickly children need special
feeding. They don't "feeltheir
oats. SCOTS Emulsion adds
just the right richness to their
diet. It's like grain to the
horse. The child gets new
appetite and strong digestion.
SCOTS Emulsion is more
than food. 1t is a strong
medicine. 1t rouses up dull
children, puts new flesh on thin
ones and red blood into pale
ones. 1t makes children grow
SCOTS Emulsion makes ordi'
The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1902-03-27

subscription 81 90 Year in Advance
The Elbert County tribune., 1902-05-22
Killed by Lightning.

James A. Mcguire, Denver
man, was instantly killed by light
ming last Wednesday evening near
Elizabeth. Mcguire was rusticat-
ing in the country five miles north
east of Elizabeth. He started out
Wednesday evening with his dogs.
A thunder storm came up and
while he was corraling some cattle
which were frightened he was
struck, the clothes being torn from
his body and cash cut in his
breast. He lived at 1912 Curtis
street, Denver.
The Elbert County tribune., 1902-05-22
County Correspondence
and Neighborhood News
Horse Thieves.

Roy Brown, the Elizabeth liv-
eryman, had two of his best hor-
ses stolen from the pasture Sunday
night. Tuesday night while w. S.
Epler was returning from Eliz-
abeth he found saddle horse
from the Epler livery barn stand
ing in the road near the Big Bend
ranch, north of town. The horse
was saddled and bridled and had
undoubtedly been stolen from the
barn and abandoned by the thief
becoming alarmed at some one APP
proaching. Epler Bros. bought
the animal last week from man
named Stimson, of Palmer Lake,
and few days later discovered
that the fellow had mortgaged the
animal to the Douglas county
bank. A warrant is now out for
Stimson, charging him with selling
mortgaged property.
The Elbert County tribune., 1902-05-22
Land Sale Set ASIDE.

In the county court Thursday
the sale of 800 acres Of Elbert
county land was set aside on the
petition nf Ben G. Ilillinrd of
Denver, attorney for the heirs of
the Jane Moore estate. 1t is al
legged in the petition that Mrs. E.
j. Rothwell, administrators of the
estate, with others, connived to
get possession of the property by
allowing claims without investiga-
ton. 1t is claimed that in that
way the property was illegally dis
posed of.
The Elbert County tribune., 1902-05-22
WohIfgong fieIgeth,

WohIfgong Helge.b was born in
Austria on September is, 1873.
lie came to this country with his
parents in April, 1850. He died
at his home near Ebert, Colo,
Thursday, May Is, 1902, of heart
failure caused by an attack of
pneumouia, after an illness of
three weeks. He leaves II father,
two sisters and three brothers To
mourn his death.
Wohlf was an industrious and
bright young man. The heartfelt
sympathy of the community goes
out to the bereaved family.
The funeral was held Saturday
morning at 10 O'Clock NJ the
Presbyterian church. conducted by
the pastor, Rev. Childs. Inter-
ment was in Valley View ceme-
terry.
The Elbert County tribune., 1902-05-22
Crop Report.

The crop report for the divide
section is reported as follows:
Douglas: Castle Rock-Showers
beneficial; some damage by hail /;
corn planting well under way;
more moisture needed to put
grouni in good condition.
FL Paso: Histed = Beneficial
showers; corn and small grain do
ing well; grass very good; work
well advanced. Monument-Light
showers, more needed; grain looks
good.
Elbert. Elizabeth-Rains have
put ground i'll excellent condition
for work; planting and seeding
nearly done; some damage by bnil
The Elbert County tribune., 1902-05-22
Don,t Start Mrong.

Don't start the summer with lin
gering cough or cold. We all know
what n "summer cold is It's the
hardest kind to cure. Often it hangs
ON through the entire season. Take
it in hand right now A few doses
of One Minute Cough Cure will set
You right. Sure cure for coughs,
colds. Group. grip, bronchitis, throat
and lung troubles. Absolutely safe.
Acts at once. Children like it. "One
Minute Cough Cure is the best cough
medicine l ever used,'' says J. n.
Bowles, Groveton, N. Fl. II never
found anything else that acted SO
safely and quickly" Jacob Epler.
The Elbert County tribune., 1902-05-22
Whooping Cough.

A woman who has had experience
with the disease, tells how To prevent
any dangerous consequences from it.
She says; Our three children took
whoopiDg cough last summer, our
baby boy being only three months
old, and owing to our giving them
ChamberIain's Cough Remedy, they
lost none Of their plumpness and
came out in much better health than
other children whose parents did not
use this remedy. Our Oldest little
girl would call Justify for cough syrup
between whoops. = JESSIE PISKEY
HAUL, Springville, Ala. This remedy
is Tor sale by II. II. Denney.
The Elbert County tribune., 1902-05-22
Denver Live Stock Markets.

DENVER UNION STOCK YARDS,
May 21.-Cattle receipts were lib
eral again today, but as usnnl
there was nothing for the market,
the bulk of the arrivals being
through cattle from the South
stepping here tn brand end dip.
Beef steers sold at 5000 for the
top cornfeds and $3.50 for some
light weight hayfcd cittle. Cows
sold ut $3.50 for the top. The
demand continues good and prices
are unchanged. Eastern markeis
are only steady with better sup
ply coming this week and the de-
mand none too strong, but on This
market the supply is so light that
there is no chance for any weak
ness from an over supply. 1t was
expected that there would be some
Southern stockers for sale today,
but they are slow arriving. The
run from the South is getting
started in earnest and it is only Il
question now of finding supply
of cars to haul the cattle. The
bulk of the cattle are stopping
here to brand, dip or feed. and
the stock yards force is kept busy.
The supply of fat cattle is very
limited and the outlook is for very
light receipts until The grass cattle
are ready which will he some
weeks vet. The general feeling is
steady and the trade is looking for
very little change in prices from
now on. The market is about ms
high rs ii cnn go without destroy
ing the demand, and nt the present
time the supply and demand are
about equal.
Receipts of hogs were light to.
day and the market was shade
lower in sympathy with the river
market The hulk and top here
sold Mt 1925, which WIS the top
OF the n,nrkct. The demand con.
tinues good and this market Il
paying strong river prices tor
good hogs The outlook is for y
light supply for the rest of the
week.
The Elbert County tribune., 1902-05-22
Agricultural College Prog ram.

The following is the order Of ex
ercises for the State Agricultural
college commencement ut Fort
Collins next week:
Tuesday, May 27-C,nnmence,
ment of the literary socielies, cliup,
ell, s p. m.
Wednesday, May IS - Semi.
annual meeting state board of ug.
ricuiture, Gam junior class ,ia,
program, chapel, Sp. m
Thursday, May 29-Commer
cial alumni program, chapel. 3 p
m.; senior class day program
chapel, s p. m.
Friday, Muy 30-Alumni ban
quet, s p. m.
Saturday, May 31-President'.
reception, 4:30 to Z p. M. alumni
debate, chapel, 3 p. m.
Sunday, june 1-Young Peo-
ple's union, christian associations
sermon by Rev. j. w. Skinner,
chapel, 3 p. M. baccalaureate ser
mon, NJ. +. church, s p. m.
Monday, June 2 Commence.
ment day exercises; address b.,
Hon. A. b. Cummins, Des Moines
governor of Iowa; awarding o.
diplomas, Presbyterian church
1890 a. M; marching Of cadets tt
camp, 2 p. m.
The Elbert County tribune., 1902-05-22
Auction Sale Of Live Stock.

! will offer ut public sale at my
ranch q miles northwest of FL
bert, on SATURDAY, MAY II,
commencing ut 10 II. m, the fol-
lowing described property, to-wit:
81 head of milch cows and heif-
ers, springers and steers, Deere
riding plow, l disc harrow, l top
buggy, l brood SOW, bred, l bind
er, 2 cold water cream separators,
l American seeder, l sod plow,
l span of draft horses, l dozen
plymouth rock chickens, l set
double harness, good Shorthorn
bull.
Terms, cash.
j. +. MILLER.
The Elbert County tribune., 1902-05-22

beth Presbyterian church. We
bad arranged to exchange puIpits
with Mr.. Carver before receiving
the invitation from the G. A. r..
to preach the sermon. Thanks for
the invitation and honor conferred
upon me, but ms the arrangement
was already made and | was hon
orcd in preaching the sermon last
yerr, Rev. Carver has kindly con-
sented to preach the sermon in my
stead this year.
Yours most respectfully,
Ii. >. CHILps, Pastor.
The Elbert County tribune., 1902-05-22
Bijou Basin.
Regular Correspondent.

From Our Regular Correspondent
May 21.-W. A. Boston has
returned to his home in Nebraska
To attend his fathers funeral.
Mr.. and Mrs. j. o. Phillips
were Denver visitors Sunday.
w. B. Randens and son of Den
yer visited at B. A. Banta's one
day last week.
The cheese factory is now re-
ceiving milk every day.
Mrs Lizzie Capell has closed
her school on account of the prev
alence of smallpox in the district.
The Elbert County tribune., 1902-05-22

Decoration Day services will be
held in the Elbert Presbyterian
church Friday, May 30, commence
ing at 1 o'clock p. IN. The serv-
ices at the church will be in charge
of the county w. r.. e., and the
program will be as follows:
Prayer by the pastor, Rev. Childs.
Song by choir.
Description of soldiers burial at
sea. by Comrade McCassen.
Recitation -'.rhe Grand Advance,
Clara Br zelton.
Soldier boys, by three little boys.
Solo-"The Brave Sentinel" L. B.
Childs.
Recitation, Mona Moulton.
Recitation-"Memorial Day." Mar
tina Mcnamara.
Song by choir.
Recitation : aThe Name of Old
Glory" Weevie WAITS.
Solo, Katie Whiting.
BLOSSOMS of Flowers" by three
little girls.
Recitation-"Where Is the Man p
Emmet Barnes.
Solo, Miss May Epler.
Recitation-"Dad Was a Soldier, "
Albert Green.
Song. by male quartet.e.
Exercise song, by a number of
girls.
~ Program subject to change.
At the conclusion Of the services
at the church procession will form
in front of the church and march
TO the cemetery where the graves
of the following soldier dead will
be decoruted:
George Aux, Colorado volunteer
infantry.
George Bowes.
Aaron Carver, Forty eighth in
fantry Wisconsin volunteers.
Chester r. Clark.
A. L. Kracaw, Illinois regiment.
John Riley, state militia.
John Schimpf, regular army.
Knox Wilbur, Co. II, Fifty
ninth Illinois veteran volunteers.
Artemus Borden, Pennsylvania
regiment.
The W. r. c. and G. A. X.
post extend cordial invitation To
all old soldiers and patriotic ciii-
zens and their families to join with
them in the observance of this
day, particularly sacred to every
patriot of the civil war.
The Elbert County tribune., 1902-05-22
Elizabeth Notes.
From Eibert County Banner.

From Elbert County Banner.
VIM. Wheatly, living two miles
east of town, has fine orchard
which just now is in full bloom
and looks beautiful. Mr.. Wheatly
says cherries and plum- are Il sure
crop here and that everybody could
have them if they would take the
trouble to set out the trees and
then cultivate them.
A house located on the Nelse
Cantril place. eight miles north Of
town, was struck by lightning
Wednesday afternoon and, with
the contents, was consumed by fire.
The building was used rs the vot-
ing place for the Running Creek
precinct, and contained the voting
booths, 120 bales of hay, corn
sheller and other articles belong
ing to w. l.. Foster, who resides
on the farm.