davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12

bridge and gaze across at the ruins Of
a great city gone-just as surely as
oxygen eats iron, and effect follows
cause. The end of running sewage into
the sea and breeding a race of beings
who scorn honest labor and expect to
live by their wits, is simply matter
of mathematical calculation.
But as there is inevitable ruin in
all prosperity that uses. its power to
subjugate, so also will there come a
day when the lesson of the past will
be learned by enough, SO that the good
will be conserved and kept for those
who shall come after.
To subjugate another is to subju-
gate yourself: the way to gain free
dom is to give it.
This will not come about until the
folly of educating men to war and
waste shall cease. "1n time of peace
prepare for war" is the advice of a
fool. So long as we prepare for war
we shall have war-We have anything
that we prepare for. So long as men
accumulate wealth that their children
shall not work, and SO long as the rot
tenness of gentility shall be unperceiv
ed, SO long will one generation weaken
itself by consuming what another has
created.
The use of power to form Superior
Class is the one thing that has wreck
ed the world and made calamity of SO
long life. This Superior Glass is al
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12

creeping MOSES and trailing vines, as g
If to deny the existence of those who
once boosted of their might.
Beneath the walls of ancient Troy
are the ruins of still other cities of
which, for US, no poet sang; before
Cleopatra were other queens stung to
their death by the asp of folly; after
PhidiaS and Pericles came men who
rioted and Toasted on the wealth
Greece had gained; then came the
barbaric Roman, blind to beauty, and
tumbled from their pedestals the
dreams hewn in marble, thinking they
We're gods.
Caesar grew great; and Brutus and
Cassius, lusting for the power that he
possessed, sought to seize the bauble
as their own. That savage speech of
Cassius, wherein he relates what a sick
man in his fever said, had scarcely
echoed across the forum before he had
to flee, and ere long that tongue of
his was forever stilled, and Brutus,
hopelessly encompassed, fell upon his
own sword, and was dead.
Today the descendants of the noble
Romans sell themselves for hire, and
dig, hew and carry that America may
have buildings that scrape the sky
and railroads over which men are car
ried like the eagles fight.
Far be it from me to decry the splen-
did enterprise of the strenuous men
who are making America great; but
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12
Two Sides of the servant Question.

the new regime a household servant
will occupy pretty much, or possibly
exactly, the same relation toward her
employer as that existing between a
factory hand and the superintendent
thereof.
Now all this may sound very well
in theory, especially when read by an
enthusiastic clubWomen to a conclave
of equally enthusiastic and equally
mistaken sisters. I use the word mis-
taken with all respect in the world to
clubWomen in general, but when it
comes to a consideration of the So
called servant question, she is as rule
totally unified to express universal
opinion. My long years of experience
in furnishing servants to houses in
New York and all over the country has
proved to me conclusively that the
servant difficulty, where it exists at
all, is but of minimum Importance.
In the fine old families among those
people to whom the keeping Of any
where from one to twenty-four SER
wants is quite matter of course
something they have been used to all
their lives, as were their mothers be-
fore thenl-there is small thought CIV
en- to the problem. Because the prob
lem does not exist.
Take the other class of employer,
however, the very opposite of that just
described. Here is a woman, for in
stance, who complains continually
about her maid" as she chooses to
elegantly term that slatternly, over
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12
By Wharton Barker.

of the country in advocacy of protect
I've policy, but he was unwilling to
mark a great policy if such course
would not receive at once acceptance.
While he could not offer any reason
able opposition to my plans, he urged
the president to go slow, and said in
ternal questions were of more import
ance than the great American policy I
urged. He admitted that CONNER
cial union of all the Americas would
make nations of America superior to
depressions, civil, military and COM
mercial, among European nations. He
was also willing to admit that such a
policy would carry the Monroe doc
trine to its logical conclusion. This adj
vice and position Of Mr.. Blaine pre-
vented the sending out by President
Garfield of invitations to American
states to meet in conference at spe-
ciaI congress at Washington to discuss
this plan of American commercial I'M
ion. This was, of course, a great dis
appointment to me. The political
struggle between the forces led by
President Garfield and Senator Conk-
ling put an end to further discussion of
the question with the President, and
his death sent the question to the rear
for time.
When reciprocity treaties and recip-
rocal trade are under discussion it is
proper for me to go beyond the Car
d-Blaine-Barker Conference" and
say something Of my part in later ne
gotiations and discussions, because
that part has been of influence. In
1883, when the Mexican reciprocity
treaty, largely the work of Gen. Grant,
was before the senate, in long open
letter addressed to Senator Mitchell, I
said among other things: "All treaties
are Objectionable which may serve as
hindrances to the execution of what
ever fiscal policy the country hereafter
may see fit to adopt. Commercial trea-
ties of this kind are mortgages on the
future and inconsistencies in the pres
ent. 1t is impossible to reconcile them
with any principle Of national policy.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12

sure permanent peace and lasting pros
perity on the American continent
From that day / opposed all treaties of
reciprocity and urged establishment of
reciprocal relations when it could be
had on natural lines and on fair terms.
1 believe all adjustments can be better
made by direct declarations and open
treaties, the result of negotiations of
diplomatiStS."
then asked the president and Mr..
Blaine to accept as true the declaration
that natural and profitable trade was
found north and south rather than east
and weSt-betWeen countries of differ
ent climate and resources rather than
between countries of the same latitude
and similar resources. This PROPOSE
ton they did accept because it was
self evident. I then said, 1--WE want no
responsibility for any internal ques-
tons, social or political, beyond the
borders of our own country, for there
must be home rule to meet the various
phases of life of different peoples"
informed Mr.. Blaine that 1 had been
able to convince President Hayes Of the
soundness of the American policy
urged, but that I could not get him
to take any action other than to send a
commission of observation to the ma
lions of South America. This interest
of President Hayes is made clear by
what General Garfield writes in his let
ter I quote. 1t is most interesting to
note in the letter of Mr. Hayes of 1887
his live interest in the Canadian-Amer-
lean situation, for it proves his COM
nlitment to part Of my plans for the
general unifcation- Of all. American ma
tons and American dependencies of
European nations.
But let US go back to the conference
of 1881. Remember that at that time
Mr.. Blaine had given only meager at
tention and consideration to trade re-
lations with American states. He had
given much study to how to hold the
American markets for American manu-
facturers, and he was the leading man
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12

war forced upon us in the far East.
/ believe in trade and not territorial
expansion. I believe in American trade
free trade in America with common
tariff, and not in Asiatic and European
trade brought through reciprocities. OF
course we must trade in a large way
with all nations, but let US have trade
in North America and South America
as free as between New York and Ohio
and we shall have a period of real
prosperity such as heretofore unknown.
For more than twenty-five years I
was intimate with Mr.. Mckinley and
talked with him many times on the
question of trade relations with foreign
nations. He was slow to move to new
and untried positions, but when he did
move his statement was direct and
positive. In June, 1901, sent him copy
of a letter that I believe was an eX-
haustive statement of the subject Of
trade versus territorial expansion, adj
dressed by me on May q, 1901, to the
late Hon. Frederick Fraley, president of
the National Board of Trade. This let
ter received from President Mckinley
prompt attention. When he made his
Buffalo address I hoped, almost be-
ieved, he was about to ask congress to
consider the great policy and to urge
the acceptance of it.
My last public utterance on this
question was in my open letter to the
ways and, means committee of the
house of representatives. 1t was writ
ten to aid those who oppose the narrow
policy President Roosevelt urges for
the solution of the Cuban situation.
The rejection by congress of the presi-
dents proposal opens the way for the
establishment Of policy that will fix
the relations of the United States to
Cuba and to all American nations-an
American policy that would continue
for all time the independence of Amer
lean nations and prevent the interfer-
ence of European nations in American
affairs; policy, repeat, that would
carry the Monroe doctrine to it's proper
and logical conclusion.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12

The Millennium will come in this
way:
First men will decline to join So
cial club that calls itself Church"
Second, men will refuse to enlist as
soldiers for any other reason than to
protect a threatened invasion of their
homes.
Third, parents will refuse to send
their children to any school, college or
university where the curriculum does
not provide that at least one-half the
school day shall be spent in work; and
where play (not athletics) for all is not
considered just as necessary as arith-
metic.
If mankind can be made to see that
to belong to the Superior Class is alb
surd and barbaric, we shall then look
for happiness elsewhere. The mem
bers of the Superior Class are not
happy-their pleasures pail. A man
may belong to the Superior Glass, but
if his bones are full Of pain and his
mind perplexed, his social station
availeth little. There is no health in
idleness, there is no joy in selfshness.
The Superior Class is simply huge
mistake-it is to be pitied, not envied,
and when our children and our chill
drens children know this, and are will
ing to do unto others as they would be
done by, one generation will then con-
serve and hold the good that another
has gained.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12

wise men perceive a day when the
sons of the men who own the buildings
that scrape the sky will toll and sweat,
enslaved by a race of barbarians yet
unborn. That which has happened will
again happen under like conditions.
A few men have always, unerringly,
beheld the law of cause and effect. In
the glittering shield of Achilles could
be seen reflected the end of the owners
career and the destruction of all he
priced. AnaXagoras knew and told the
fate that would come to Athens, and
was ostraciZed for his temerity. Jesus
knew that not one stone of Jerusalem
would be left upon another. and was
crucified for saying so. Savonarola
saw that the reign of the Medici could
not long endure, and they burned his
body in the public square. 1bsen
writes a play showing how the Pillars
of Society are as surely pulling down
the pillars of society as did Samson
pull down the pillars Of the temple of
GAIA, and Christendom calls him crank.
Tolstoi, with prophetic vision, twenty
years ago, saw England's decline, and
today we behold her, robbed of her
maritime supremacy, stripped of her
proud prestige, making peace with a
little people she could not subjugate,
looking for an ally to brace her totter-
ing throne.
The New Zealander will as surely
sit upon the broken towers Of Brooklyn
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12
Revelations Regarding Reciprocity.

this result. I hope to meet you. With re-
spect, sincerely, h g. Hayes
In April, 1881, came an invitation
from President Garfield to discuss with
him and Mr.. Blaine the plan for an
American commercial union had con-
sidered, and talked of so much, for five
years. Almost at once upon meeting,
the president said to Mr.. Blaine, Il
want you to give to what Mr.. Barker
has to say careful attention, and / want
you to ponder upon the plans he will
present" At the time of this meeting
Mr.. Blaine had not, I think, given any
serious attention to a policy that is
now known as "Blaine's Reciprocity
Policy" and I am sure he did not then
give his approval to it, although he saw
that could it be carried out America
would be for long time independent
of all European complications. OF
course, cannot give the words used at
this conference can make only gen.
eral statements that will give a fair
and comprehensive view of what was
said.
1 began: when President Grant and
Secretary Fish sent to the senate of
the United States the Canadian reci-
pfocity treaty of 1874 my attention was
called with great force to the import
ance of the question of how our foreign
commerce should be extended so as to
secure lasting approval of our own peo-
pie and also of the nations we made
compacts with. Satisfied that the pro-
posed treaty was neither sound in gen.
eral plan nor sound in detail, 1 took as
vigorous steps as I could for its defeat.
/ realized that those who caused this
defeat must propose a line of action
that would meet the demands of the
situation. After much study of our
trade relations with all countries, and
after much considerations of the prob
lens had set myself to solve, I con-
Guided that commercial union of the
nations and dependencies of America
under a common tariff, and a proper
distribution of the customs receipts
among them, was the only way to in
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12

Consistent free traders repudiate them,
equally with consistent protectionistS"
and then-"I need not remind you
that commercial treaties are especially
Objectionable as requiring the assent
Of but one branch of congress to their
validity" The same forces defeated
this Mexican treaty of 1883 and the Ca
madam treaty of 1874.
After the death of Gen. Garfield, Mr..
Blaine and I became intimate, and
while did not think his nomination for
president in 1884 was wise concluded
to give him earnest and aggressive
support. 1 did so because he had be-
come the advocate of an American
policy so dear to me. / knew he would
not go to the length I urged, but l be-
lieved he would take steps at once upon
becoming president that would lead
soon to the adoption of commercial
union urged by me at the White house
conferences of 1881. That my relations
with Mr.. Blaine were cordial in 1884
no one will doubt who reads the letter
from him l now print for the first time
Il have many letters from him of like
intimacy:
Augusta, Me, June IA, 1894. My Dear
Mr.. Barker: wish you would pack your
grip sack and run down here for day
or two-coming directly to my house. I
have so many things to say to you that it
IS OlScOufdSllS 10 DeSlu Oh paper. IL you
gain no other pleasure from the trip,
promise you sight of the beautiful is
land where your eminent grandfather was
born in 1878 q think in the midst of the
great struggle. 1t is not fifteen miles
from my door, Come as early next week
as your convenience will allow. The COM
mittee to advise me of my nomination
will be here on the 20th-a good time for
you to come. / refrain from giving
thanks-or suggesting plans. Hope to
cover all points in conference. Pray keep
this note private. Sincerely,
James G. Blaine"
From 1874 I have urged the broad
and comprehensive policy Of CONNER
cial union of all American nations and
dependencies, and ] have opposed all
such operations as those the Spanish
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12
By Sbert Hubbard.

men that are dead. When you live on
the labor of dead men you are dead
yourself. It can never be done away
with through violence and revolution.
Revolution is surgical operation that
always leaves the roots Of the cancer
untouched. Another eXcresence
sprouts, and one Superior Class is ex-
changed for another.
The remedy is in a new method of
education which will teach men to be,
not seem-that VIII give pupils diplo-
mas on what they can do, not on what
they can memorize. Churches must
cease to be fashionable clubs, and the
army must be consigned to limbo. War
is hell, and just as long as you have an
army you'll have war.
The revolution will come peacefully
anything gained by violence crystal
Lies itself into Superior Glass that
needs an army to uphold 1t, and a
church to absoIve it. These two things
are proof of its weakness. There is
something wrong in the man or thing
that needs protection.
The religion that holsters itself by a
threat gets punished eventually
through believing it's threat is true.
No, the desired end can never come
through threat and violence-that Is
where men have stumbled since history
began.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12

1881, Commercial Union" by Sir F..
Hincks:
mir. George Anderson, M P, stated in
an article contributed to the Contempt
rary Review a few months ago, that he
had been informed on reliable authority
that certain American statesmen Of no
mean influence were about to move In
the matter of Canada, and to make 1t a
prominent feature in the policy Of the
Garfield administration. Mr.. Anderson
further stated that he had before him
two published letters written by MIR.
Wharton Barker, an eminent banker and
politician in Philadelphia, the chief sup
porter of Mr.. Garfield as president, one
of which was addressed to Mr.. CARRIED
late Senator Brown, of Toronto. The sub
ject of these letters was what has been
termed Commercial Union between the
United States and Canada.
From letter of Garfield to Barker
under date of Washington, Feb. 3, 1880:
Yours of the End instant has been read
with interest. should be glad to con-
suit you on the question of our trade
relations with Canada, and will try and
find the necessary leisure whenever you
come to the city,
Garfield to Barker: Mentor, Ohio,
Dec. 20, 1880.
to hand. I have read with interest your
memorandum of the commercial rela-
tons of Canada and the United States.
see there is some probability of a COM
mission to adjust our differences with
England on the fisheries question. If &C
ton is taken during the present admins
tration hope it will not be confined to
that single question. There are several
other important matters that should be
adjusted at the same time. Please keep
me advised Of any new phase IN the Ca
madam question. Accept my thanks for
the information you give me on the other
questions"
Fremont April - 1887 Mr.; Wharton
Canadian article. Looking forward with
confidence to the uniication Of all Eng
lish-s speaking people on this continent I'M
der one government, my. opinions on all
matters touching Canadian affairs are
formed with respect to their bearing on
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12
BY Gdvard couion

sation that are still the great charm
of French society Notwithstanding.
When he depreciates other coun-
tries and says Spain is dead, Italy
dying, and France incurably diseased,
he forgets that evolution goes on and
that poor benighted Spain will benefit
like Italy which is far from dying.
but renovating; that poor abused
France, whose activity, riches, and
splendor are second to none, can hope
to regain her former prestige, if not
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12

by numbers, at least by arts, sciences,
and probably commerce, which pres
emily travels westward and benefits
that hemisphere opened by Spaniards,
disputed by French and English, and
settled by immense emigrations from
which, except France and France
alone, were driven out to find a larger
field Of activity, since the clergy and
nobility held or hold all the lands
and moneys that were denied the serfs,
slaves and plain people.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12
By Elizabeth z. PARKER.

on the way to school than to put up
the lunch at home. This habit of eat
ing sweetmeats is exceedingly injuri-
Gus and soon shows its effects in the
listless air and pallid complexion of
the child.
Pie, cold pudding, cake or any rich,
greasy food is unsuitable for the school
lunches Sandwiches daintily made,
cold broiled chicken or birds, stuffed
eggs, grated cheese, ported meats, thin
ly sliced bread and butter ere all
wholesome and will rarely be refused
by a healthy child. Fresh fruit, jam
or jelly with crackers or plain tea
cakes add spice to the lunch. If
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12
Jhe Proper Feeding Of School Children.

longer considered healthful, and 1t is
matter of regret that growing children
who require so much nourishment must
partake of it at midday when they
should have SOUP meats and vege-
tables. Much care, therefore, should
be given the preparation of the school
lunch in order to tempt, the appetite of
the child. Variety should be studied in
selecting the food and tdaintiness OBJ
served in putting ittup. Il
The habit of INDUCING children in
taste for candies, nuts and rich cakes
is far too general. Too many mothers
find 1t less trouble ITO allow their boys
and girls to buy lunch of sweetmeats
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12

give them larger and richer field
to make beasts of themselves. Let the
honorable and very clever gentleman
put into practice what the French so
neatly express: 'Iavons notre hinge
sale en- famille,' and allow time, las
situde, common sense, and higher
culture of belles-lettres and history es-
pecially to enlarge men and women's
ideals, and let him be assured that
they will remedy errors and fill up in
tellectual yacuity with wit and CONVEX
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1902-10-12
ECAUSE the American peo-
pie give now so much time


- pie give now so much time
to discussion and consid-
e& Grafton of plans for extern
sion of foreign commerce
have concluded to make public state
ment of what took place at a confer
ence at the White house early in April,
1881, to which I had been called by
President Garfield TO discuss with him
and with the Secretary of
State, Mr.. Blaine, a plan of
action Mr.. Garfield and 1 had
talked over many times, to establish an
American commercial union-an Amer
lean Zollverein. To this plan Mr. Gar
field in general committed himself
when he and l agreed that he should be
urged upon Republicans as presiden-
tlal candidate for the nomination Of
1880. AS both President Garfield and
Secretary Blaine are dead / must es-
tablish my relation to General Garfield
and to the question before the confer
ence, to ensure for my statement ac-
ceptance and full belief. This position
shall now establish by several import
ant quotations:
From a memorial note written at the
request Of the Council of the Historical
Society of Pennsylvania, and read be-
fore it at its meeting held September
26, 1881, by Judge Samuel w. Penny
packer, now Republican candidate for.
governor:
mo party convention ever had it in
Its power to affect more seriously the in
situations of the country than that which
assembled in Chicago in 1880 to nominate
candidate. for the presidency A few
months earlier the selection of Ex-Presi-
dent Grant had seemed inevitable. For
wears a
Wharton Barker), with a taste for higher
politics, had been urging the nomination
OF Mr.. Garfield in the columns Of the Penn
Monthly, and making combinations look
ing to that result"
From the Fortnightly Review, May,