davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-05-25

before proceeding with the directions
concerning the lace illustrated, it may bs
interesting to some Of the readers to know
little of the Irish lace's history and ori-
rin especially when we consider how TINS
T,ce eclipses all others In popularity this
season.
The Irish crochet lace was originated by
asademoiselle Riego, French woman
who copied with the crochet hook inc
beautiful patterns of certain variety OIL
Spanish point lace She found that those
patterns when copied. or translated, SO 10
speak. with a crochet hook, had beauty
az their own, excelling the original Span
fsh lace After devoting much time to per-
fecting her newly-found system OF lace
making. she published, first. a small book
let, and then, years later. another book.
concerning the new industry, and giving
patterns and directions.
While both Of her books have long been
sut of print, it is still owing TO her that
4his lace industry is still existing In East
ern France.
From France the new industry which
had been picked up by nuns in the coz
vents. and ladies Of rank in their t'cha-
teaIx,'' soon found Its way to England
and Ireland But while 1t was made for
ecclesiastical purposes and personal uses.
# had never been made on very
hrEe scale until 1876. the year which all
Ireland remembers as the year OF the
great potato famine" Then 1t was that
ladies' Of high rank as we'll as the nuns
thought OF turning their knowledge Of
The beautiful lace to phIlanthropic and
practical uses. They organized schools
where lacemalung was taught to tho
oeasant woman who then had a means Of
livelihood. as the lace. on account Of sts
rreat beauty, strength and durability.
found ready sale among tha wealthy
classes.
1t was AT that period that the lace re-
auired Its name Of Irish crochet Lace
Since them with partially returning
prospertty, the peasant women somewhat
lost their interest In lacemakng. and
so.ns years ago. when Lady Cadogan IN
Geriook to revive the old art. 1t was found
that only very few old women could
do The work. 1t had TO be taught and
learned again.
When Queen Alexandra expressed the
Gish that all or nearly all Of the ma
terials used for coronation costumes
should be- bought from British Isles
manufacturers it was natural that new.
impetus should be given TO the lace In
tustry., and busy fingers began to COM
binc the rose. shamrock ard thistle with
many other patterns In long lengths OF
lace. In collars, Elton jackets. hats and
whole costumes.
Queen Alexandra had said her word. but
another queen. Tar more powerful. the
queen OF fashions. Paris. had also given
her decree.
Queenstown. in ireland. Is the chief
hentra Of thas Irish lace anans:xxs An1i
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-05-25

every traveller who has at one time or
another passed through Queenstown can
recollect of having seen the peasant
women coming on small boats to board
the larger vessel and offer their goods for
sale. Other travellers may perchance have
seen the lacemakers at work in their rude
cottages, which are but mud-foored huts.
and may have been wondering at the
beautiful work produced among such sur
roundings.
AS it has been shown and told pre-
viously, Irish lace differs greatly from
ordinary crochet work, to which 1t IS
much superior.
In the patterns given in recent numbers
a constant repetition OF the same soma
figures produced a symmetry when is not
always found in Irish lace. In fact, those
symmetrical patterns. while easier 10
make, are rare. The Irish worker often
combines great variety Of solid figures
in one work, entirely regardless OF SYM
metry, and made one scarf a few years
ago with not two figures alike. 1t was
typical OF the work, for the best workers
do not even attempt to make a duplicate
for q certain pattern, but invsnt new ones
as they proceed
The lace illustrated is also q good type
of Irish lace. The patterns are some OF the
conventional reproductions OF the sham
rock, rose and thistle. while other fig
ures are added TO get the desired size and
shape
Bor the SOLID figures, the directions are
as follows:
SEAMROCK-Chaiu 30, and on this work
40 doubles; then chain 10 and fasten on end
of stem, forming a loop In which you worls
doubles crochet, 5 half-trebles. Is trebles,
half-trebles and S doubles; chain 20. and
close in loop to form second lealet OF
tsa shamrock, and In this loop make 6
doubles, half-trebles, 20 trebles. A half
,rebles and doubles. Make third loon
Of Is chain. In which you make doubles
half-trebles, Is treblas. half-t rebles aud
doubles. Fasten on stem, and. turning.
work double in each stitch around the
,saflets. taking only the back loon Of
aach stitch: work 1 double In eaoh double
az tl1e stem In the Same way, ana one littIe
ring Il sewn on to complete the shamroclx
rHE ROSE-Thts is one Of the ma nv
carnations OF the rose In Irish CROCHET
tirst the thread Is wound 50 times around
an ordinary pencil: slip OF, and In this
ring work s8 hslf-treble stitches. Now.
Going around this circle, work do. tie
an frst stitch. pioot OF chain ia tha
NEXT :. and repeat all around, and worI,
q row OF doubles all around; this last row
Will throw the picots forward, giving the
desired raised appearance.
The SIX petals are worked separately.
thus: Chain Is. turn and make Il double
In each stitch taking back loop only).
md do same Zone double In each stitch
on other side of chain. excepting the .
last stitches: turn. make one double III
each stitch; aud doubles In ono stitch
Wills taEn.na thas sndl alaapalastasa4ah
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-05-25
OYSTER BISQUE

One quart Of oysters, minced nne.
One cup Of milk
One half cup Of cracker crumbs. soaked
One tablespoonful OF butter rolled IN
-four.
salt and pepper to taste.
Pinch Of soda.
Drain the juice from the oysters before
chopping them. Heat In a saucepan. and
in another the chopped oysters. When
the Juice begins to boil, stir in the butter.
rolled In teaspoonful OF -four Cook enc
minute. season. add the oysters: boil
three minutes after they begin to bubble;
stir In the soaked crumbs to which you
have added the soda: bring to boil aud
turn into q tureen.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-05-25
Picked BETS

Blindness OF Correspondent.1
Cook as for immediate use, place whels
in stone jar, cover with vinegar. keep
IN a cool place. take out as needed. slice
and serve. A few pieces Of horseradisk
put In the jar Will prevent a white SCUM
on the vinegar.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-05-25
TOMATO SAUCE

stew a quart OF fresh tomatoes, cus
small. for twenty minutes. Rub through
fire colander, or vegetable press. Re-.
turn to the fire with a tablespoonful CO
butter rolled in q teaspoonful OF -four:
teaspoortul Of onion juice and one Of
sugar: a quarter spoonful OF salt and
LITTLE pepper. Stew gently for Ave min.
utes.
Of meat and Ash
.I should very much like to know how
to crochet small beaded purses. Woula
! 4. be too much to ask you to give dlreo
tons? Perhaps. you know of book Il
which these are published. MRS. b.
AS I have said already. and more thso
once, directions for fancy work are no:
given in the Exchange. But since a1
In the editorial chair for the one ahd
only purpose of lending a hand wherever
a helping hand is needed. shall. with
Measure. convey informatio on this mat
ter to Mrs. B." should any member OF
the Exchange be- moved to send 1t in.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-05-25

81 have tried different recipes for past
ing labels on tin. which have not proved
very satisfactory. Could you give me
recipe for the same? T. H. S."
VIII some member OF the Exchange re-
kpond to this request?
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-05-25

A correspondent who asked upon what
rhe should feed tame turtle, and was
advised to let him hunt In the cellar for
snall deer" has n gratifying commune
cation to make:
IT shall be compelled to omit from Mr..
turtles menu cockroaches and croton
bugs, thanks to the efficacy Of your recipe.
Red pepper cleaned the house OF all I'M
welcome visitors. * +. NJ
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-05-25
ACID SALT.

w. w 10C4S.
The same writer sends a charming story
Of 'Mary's Little Lamb" which will ap-
pear in a weekday issue as coon as can
make room for it.
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1902-12-12
RURAL FREE DELIVERY.
Maintenance of National Service ..
Would Cost Not Less Than $24,-
100000 Per Year.

The officials of the post office de-
partment look forward now to the ex-
tension of rural free delivery
throughout the entire United States.
They have made their estimates as
to what it will cost to deliver letters
on every American farm or planta-
ton in the sparsely settled and thick
ly settled parts of the country. The
cost will not be trifing. To deliver
every rural American his mail wilI
take about $24,oOo,Ooo a year. Should
the present service be extended at
the rate of 10000 routes year UNI
til the 100000 square miles of terri
tory yet to be covered have been
taken care of, there will be for sew
eral years an annual deficit in postal
revenues of from $s,0OO,OOO to S1O,-
100000. This deficit will, it is assert
ed, disappear gradually as the rev.
enues increase by reason of the i'm
proved postal facilities.
Not many years ago rural free de-
livery was a questionable sort of ex-
pertinent. The farmers, for whose
benefit it was intended, did not i'll all
quarters take kindly to it. They are
not eager seekers after novelties, and
the idea of abandoning the custom
airy trip to the village post office for
mail, trip which gave them well
come opportunity to gossip with
neighbors and discuss crops and cleo
tions, was not altogether attractive
to them. But they appreciate fully
now the advantages of the new de-
parture. There is an increasing pres
sure for the establishment of rural
routes, and the representative of
country district who cannot secure.
something in this line for his con-
stituents runs the risk of losing his
popularity.
So strong is the pressure for ruraf
free delivery that the post Office de-
partment officials are not dealing
with remote question when they
prepare estimates of the gross cost,
of a complete rural service. But
while the cost will be large it will
not brighten americans. Indeed, they
are in the habit of looking unmoved
on much larger appropriations for
far less useful purposes.
| 1t may well be that when the let
ter carrier makes his trips to every
farmers gate the farmers will make
more extensive use of the. mails
than they do now, and that the rev.
enues of the department will expand
as they have in the past whenever
better facilities have been provided
| s y =. No
the general welfare" will be pro-
noted by an expenditure which
brings the farmers of the United
States into closer touch with the
busy world from which most of them
are so far removed.-Chicago Trib--
une.
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1902-12-12
HUMOROUS.

Nell-"He loves her for all he is
for all she is worth "-Somerville
Journal.
Have you the same cook you had
when l was here in the spring."
Not by nteen."-Cleveland Plain
Dealer.
He-"He said he bought 25 tons Of
anthracite COAL Shea million
aire?" He-"No; liar."-Detroit Free
Press.
us this the cracked wheat, Janey
II don't know, mum. 1 amt looked
at it or teched it; an if it's cracked
N. Y. Observer.
II may be rather Dense" remarked
the fish, as he struggled to free him
self from the hook that held him by
the gills; "but | can't see where the
sport of angling comes in."-Boston
Transcript.
| Witless-"I see the government is
establishing free barber shops out
West for the Indians" Wagg -''Well,
it is due them. They gave the early
settlers many close shave. "-Balti-
more American.
Bacon-'I can't for the life of me
see what Penman saw in his wife to
admire "Egbert-"I guess you
never heard her laugh, then?"
Would man marry a woman to
hear her laugh?" Certainly. Pen
man is joke writer. "-Philadelphi
Inquirer.
She Tried.-"Bridget," inquired the
mistress of the house, "were you
entertaining policeman in the
kitchen last night?" "Sure, num-"
replied the cook lady, en- it's fer
him t. say how intertainin' Oh was.
Oh was dom me bist." philadelphia
Bulletin.
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1902-12-12
A Lazy Lizard.

Admiral Sir William Kennedy, of
the British navy, says in his recent
book of "reminiscences that there is
in South America gigantic lizard,
called lagato, which is more tena-
cious of life than any other known
creatur. Zone day while shooting
in Uruguay, my dog pointed at some
thing in the grass; on going up l
saw it was a lagato, so l gave him
a shot, blowing half his side away:
the brute merely looked around as
though something had tickled him,
when l killed him with second bar
rel. Another time found one bask-
ing in the sun, SO l told small boy
who was with me to kill it. Taking
up scythe he drove it through the
creatures body up to the hilt; il
never moved. ] then stood on its
head to finish it. and when l stepped
off it ran away as fast as possible
and gained its hole before we could
intercept it. While out driving with
friend near Colonia we drove over
one of those reptiles which was ly.
ing on the road. Two wheels of the
buggy passed over it. but it took no
notice, SO we turned about and drove
over it again, when the brute
thought it time to move on and ran
into the bush. Chicago Daily News.
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1902-12-12

decay of the hay was prevented SO that
it made fair fodder.
Now we find in bulletin No. 7s of the
Oregon experiment station (Corvallis)
an interesting account of steaming
silage. The silos, made purposely for.
the experiment, were constructed of
we'll seasoned yellow fir dressed
tongue and groove lumber IA inch
thick, sHs inches wide and 12 feet long.
When completed the silos measured
approximately five feet in diameter
and - feet deep. They were con-
structed plain, having no doors. so that
the only way of filling and emptying
them was by way of the top of the silo.
Five such silos were constructed; two
of them, Nos. and S, were fitted with
az Inch piping so that they could be
steamed after being filled.
The picture clearly shows how the
steam pipes were connected. In one
case the steam was delivered near the
bottom only. The other was fitted so
silo within two inches of the bottom
at G, and also midway between the
bottom and top at +. The upright pipe
EFF in the silo was covered with a cap
at SO as to prevent fodder from fall
ing into the pipe. Ten to Is holes
three eighths-inch in diameter were
drilled in the pipe near the cap at F
as outlets for the steam. The elbow at
G turns directly down and comes to
within about two inches of the bottom
of the silo. This elbow G prevents ma
terial from getting into the pipe CHI.
and serves as an easy outlet for the
steam when forcing it into the silo
near the bottom"
The corn cut into these silos was
quite green. 1t was cut into three
fourths-inch lengths and packed down
SO that each silo contained a little over
three tons. Steam was introduced I'M
der pressure of first 90 and again later
at 40 pounds. This was kept up until
the steam escaped at the top and the
temperature rose to 212 degrees. Then
the steam was shut off and the pipe
stuffed with steriliZed cotton, while
the top of the silage was covered with
the same material. AS result of the
steaming the silage shrunk about 25
per cent. When opened there was some
loss at the top, as the cotton did not
prove good protector. Below the
moldy part the silage was bright and
sweet-''with the odor of cooked sweet
corn-not at all like ordinary silage!"
Analysis of this silage showed that it
did not undergo nearly as great
chemical change as the silage put up
in the ordinary way. Of course such
small silo does not give fair chance
for practical investigation, and this
year the experiments have been re-
peated on larger scalc-in silos nine
and ten feet in diameter. These have
been filled with corn and green clover.
and thoroughly steamed. While no ac-
tual feeding results can be given until
this silage is taken out and fed we
feel very confident that steaming, in
tight s;los, will be found very useful
in some sections Of the country.-Ru-
raj New Yorker.
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1902-12-12
The Beauty Of the Square
Of St. Marx, Venice ~ ~
"a Around It Cling Many Memories Every -
cart

will grudge no expenses the man for
the emergency.
The day after the fall Minister Nagi
came from Rome and dismissed the
faithless guardians.
TO Commentators Boni, the most
capable Italian engineer, is committed
the task of rebuilding. He is pecul-
iarly fitted for the task by his work Of
eXcavating and demonstrating the
Roman forum. Withal he Is an enthu-
siast in dealing with ruins. The re-
moval of the debris goes on apace.
To the Eenetians the Campanile
seemed something human. They I'M
derstood the language of its bells.
They speak of it as the dead or dying
man." and the church as his widow.
''The honest man in dying" said one,
cleft her beauty unimpaired, though
he struck an angle of the Duca1 pal
ace" "To show his grief" said an
other, ''the dying one left enough Of
his bones to fill up the breach and sus-
tain the broken arch" Is it broken?
Can it be saved? Only the removal Of
these "bones" can answer. They are
carried away in barrows and the work.
men are paid by weight. "Poor dear"
exclaimed one, "now they have killed
thee, they weigh thy bones"
To this generation the new can never
be as the old. The very bricks seem
hallowed by age. Signor Beni found
some of Roman make, dating back to
the days of Nero, Claudius and An
tonius Plus, all we'll preserved and
bearing the impress Of animals Of
many kinds. The artillery at the arse
nal is hushed-there is to be no jar by
the driving of piles. but theyare to be
sunk by hydraulic pressure. A great
quantity of puzzalano, something
harder than cement, has been person
ally subscribed for the arena, for the
foundation is to be doubled. "The log
getta" of sansovino will be built just
as it was and again serve as the chief
entrance.
The Campanile was begun in sss-
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1902-12-12
SCHOOL AND CHURCH.

1t is not the end of the college
course, but the course itself, that
makes for mastery.-United Presby-
terian.
There is society in the north of
ireland for the encouragement of
Sunday travel. 1t was formed in 1854
and has now $4,000 members, all
pledged not to travel on Sunday Tex
cept under most urgent necessity"
The gospels of Luke and John have
just been printed in Indiana in tho
Cheyenne Indian language, in the in.
teFests of the Mennonite missions
among the Indians in the territories
Long words of ten or more syllables
are not infrequent. A popularity of
+, and are not found in it.
A new agricultural school for jew
ish boys is being established near
Grojec. In the government of War
saw, Russian Poland. This is in the
line of improving the physical well
fare of the race, which is in danger
of deterioration, not being able 20
withstand the destructive influences
of overcrowded ghettos.
Bishop Clark, of Rhode Island, en-
joys the distinction of being the old
est Anglican bishop in the world. He
belongs to family distinguished in
the religious annals of America. One
OF his brothers, the Rev. DR.. RUFUS
Clark. was for many years pastor of
the First Reformed church at Alba nv,
N. Y. Bishop Clark himself began his
ministerial service as Presbyterian,
but only remained in that denomina-
ton one year. He was made bishop
of Rhode Island in 1854.
The famous Burchard ALTERATION.
Rum, Romanism and rebellion" is
recalled by the transformation of tho
church in New York over which he
presided into residence. An artist
and his wife, MIR. and Mrs. Francois
Tonetti, have bought the place and
will have it fitted up for studio, a
residence and stable. For long
time the old-fashioned red-brick
church has been on the market, but
found no purchasers. Mr.. and Mrs.
Tonetti, both having ample means,
looking around fora place of resi-
dence, hit upon the disused church
and bought it. 1t will be remodeled
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1902-12-12
THE REAL KING OF FRUITS
At Any Time and In Any Place the
Good Old Reliable Apple
Tops the Heap.

The boy is indeed the true apple
eater, and is not to be questioned how
he came by the fruit with which his
pockets are filled. 1t belongs to him
and he may steal it if he cannot have
it in any other way, says John Bur-
roughs' Winter Sunshine" His own
juicy flesh Graves the juicy fruit of the
apple. Sap draws sap. His fruit-eat-
ing has little reference to the state of
his appetite. Whether he be full of
meat or empty Of meat he wants the
apple just the same. Before meal or
after meal it never comes amiss. The
farm boy munchcs apples all day long.
He has nests of them in the hay-mow
mellowing, to which he makes fire.
queht visits. Sometimes old Brindle,
having access through tho open door,
smells them out and makes short work
of them.
The genuine apple eater comforts
himself with an apple in their season
as others with a pipe or cigar. When
he has nothing else to do or is bored
he eats an apple. While he is waiting
for the train he eats an apple. some-
times several of them. When he takes
walk he arms himself with apples.
He offers an apple to his companion
and takes one himself They are his
chief solace when on the road. He
sows their seed all along the route. He
losses the seed from the car window
and from the top Of the stage coach.
He would in time make the world one
vast orchard. He dispenses with a
knife. He prefers that his teeth shall
have the first taste. Then he knows
the best flavor is Immediately beneath
the skin and that in a pared apple this
is lost. If you will stew the apple. he
says, instead of baking it, by all means
leave the skin on. 1t improves the
color and vastly heightens the flavor
of the dish.
The apple is masculine fruit: hence
women are poor apple eaters. 1t be-
longs to the open air, and requires an
open-air taste and relish.
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1902-12-12
The Helfer,. First Calf.

There should be no such thing as
breaking in heifer" when she has
her first calf. She should be so care
full, handled that there will be no
necessity for doing the thing after
that; it should be done before calving
If this has not been done before, be-
gin some weeks before calying to fam
ilia1ize the heifer with the mixer.
Stroke hei. caress her, handle the
udder, doing everything so carefully
that any advance . the process will
be lnnoticed by ,hs animal. Within
few days the udder can be handled
at will, and the heifer will soon come
to enjoy and even expect such caresses.
If this work is carefully and kindly
done there will be no trouble when
milking time comes.-Cincinnati Com
mereiaI
The Denison review. [volume] (Denison, Iowa) 1867-current, 1902-12-12
=; IS !'f2
QfK>.,t,, ,:d:;{SllIllH5&
STEAM IN THE s1Lo.
vor the Steamins of Ensilage, in
Certain Conditions.

Nearly 20 years ago, when silage was
an uncertain quantity, a student at an
agricultural college suggested running
a jet of live steam in at the bottom of
cement silo. The argument was that
this would cook the silage, and, if the
silo were then tightly closed, give it
just about the conditions under which
fruit or vegetables are canned. This
suggestion was laughed at as absurd.
From time to time we have seen re-
ports of the use of steam for preserv
ing stock food. In one case an English
farmer had quantity of musty or
damaged hay. 1t was packed into
small barn-all the cracks and holes
being closed. A pipe was run inside at
the bottom of the hay. and steam
forced in under powerful pressure.
This was kept up until the steam es-
capped at the top. The result was that