The Montgomery advertiser., 1902-12-03

se%S%%%sSsk@@Es@- ! figures; and if the Congress desires addi.
 tional consideration to that which VII
 be given the subject by its own commit | tees, then a commission of business ex- perts can be appointed whose duty u 1 should be to recommend acton oy tne | Congress after a deliberate and scientinc | examination of the various schedules as
 they are affected by the changed and | changing conditions. The unhurried ana
 unbiased report of this commission Eouio
 show what changes should be made In | the various schedules, and how far these | changes could go without also changing the great prosperity which this country | Is now enjoying. or upsetting It's hxed
 Cases of Reduction.
 1 The cases in which the tariff can pro- duce a monopoly are so few as to con 1 stitute an inconsiderable factor In the 1 question; but of course If in any case | it be found that given rate of duty does promote a monopoly which works
 i'll, no protectionist would object to such
 reduction of the duty as would equallze | competition.
 In my Judgment, the tariff on anthracite coal should be removed, and anthracite | put actually, where it now is nominally' on the free list This would have no ef- feet at all save ir crises; but In crises it might be of service to the people.
 Interest rates are potent factor in ous-
 mess activity and in order that these rates
 may be capitalized to meet the varying
 needs of the seasons and of widely sep
 arated communities, and to prevent the
 recurrence of financial stringencfes
 which injuriously affect legitimate busi-
 ness it is necessary that there snouid be an element of elasticity in our none. tary system. Banks are thus the natural servants of commerce, and upon them should be placed. as far as practicable. the burden of furnishing and maintaining
 a circulation adequate to supply the needs of our diversified industries and of our
 domestic and foreign commerce; and the
 issue of this should be so regulated that
 a sufficient supply should be always
 available for the business inteersts of the
 country. .*
 It would be both unw.se and unneces-
 sary at this time to attempt to recon
 struct our financial system, which has been the growth of a century; but some additional legislation Is. I think. desir- able. The mere outline of any plan suf-
 ficiently comprehensive to meet these re- quirements should transgress the appro- priate limits of this communication. It Is suggested. however, that all future legislation on the subisct should be- with
 the view Of encoura eing the use of such instrumentalities as will automatically supply every legitimate de n1hd of pro-
 ductive industries and of commerce not
 only in the amount hut m the character , of circulation; and of making all ktnds , of money interchangeable, and, at the will of the holder, convertible into the es- , btablished gold standard.
 s I again call your attention to the need : of passing a proper immigration law, coy-
 ering the points outlined in my Mesa ge , to you at the first session of the present Congress- substantially such a bill has , already passed the House.
 Labor and Capital. How to secure fair treatment alike for
 labor and for capital. how to hold In 2 check the interruptions man. whether em- : ployer employe. without weakening in ' dividual initiative. without hampering and ! vf II 1NxE alVVAY ant e the country, is a problem fraught w!th g great difficulties and one which 1t Ia or the highest importance to solve or hnes , of sanity and far-sighted common sense e as well as of devotion to the right. This
 Is an era of federation and combination e Exactly as business men find they must I often work through corporations, and as n it is a constant tendency Of these GOT = l. porations 70 grow larger. so 1t Is often necessary for laboring men to Work Tn n federations. and these have become im- - portant factors of modern industrial Ire: O Both kinds of federation, capitalistic ana : labor, can do much good and as neces- n sary corollary they can both do evil. r Opposition to each kind of organlzation ' should take the form of opposition to e whatever is bad in the conduct of any = given corpoation or union-not of attacks e upon corporations as such nor upon II unions as such; for some of the most e far-reaching beneficent work for our peo- d pie has been accomplished through both n corpora tiOns and unions. Each must re- l. frain from arbitrary or tyrannous inter- a ference with the rights of others. organ s ized capital and organized labor alike e should remember that in the long run the T interest of each must be brought into y harmony with the interest of the genera - public; and the conduct of each must '- conform to the fundamental rules oi e obedience to the law, of individual free q dom, and of justice and fair dealing to- II ward all. Each should remember that IT y addition to power it must strive after the | Df e ous ideals. Every employer, every wage n worker. must be guaranteed his liberty
 and his right to do as he likes with his
 property or his labor so long as he does l. not infringe upon the rights of others Ia It is of the highest importance that em j. ployer and employe alike should endeav d or to appreciate each the viewpoint Of th' if other and the sure disaster that will e come upon both in the long run if either ,r grows to take as habtual an attitude O. Il sour hostility and dtstrust toward th' e other. Few people deserve better of tn. ,- country than those representatives botf e of capital and labor-and there are man1 l. such-who work continually to brinl if about good understanding of this kind 's based upon wisdom and upon broad ant IS kindly sympathy between employers an' 1t employed. Above all we need to remem l. Der that any kind of class animosity il le the political world is, if possible, eve' 10 more wicked, even more destructive f is national welfare, than sectional, race O Id religious animosity. We can get goo v government only upon condition that W ,o keep true to the principles upon whtcl ne this Naticn was founded, and judge eacl of man not as a part of class, but upo Be his individual merits. All that we hay ne a right to ask of any man, rich or poor lr whatever his creed his occupation. hi SC birthplace, or his residence, ts that h ed shall act well and honorably hv hi e. ndEhbor and by his country. We ar m neither for the rich man as such nor 10 ne the poor man as such; we are for tn | rie1ht al constitutional powers of the Nationa re Government touch these matters of gen in eral and vital moment to the Nation a they should be exercised in conformit at with the principles above set forth. n- Secretary of Commerce.
 S. It is earnestly hoped that Secretar 1e of Commerce may be created With SC seat in the Cabinet The rapid multipli Ie cation or questions affecting labor an le capital. the growth and comn'cXl'y a of the orglnizatlt ms through which bot at labor and capital now finu expression ts the steady ten iency toward the employ H. ment of capital in huge corporations, ant CT the wonderful strides of this country to re ward leadership in the international bus c. mess world justify an urgent deman CT for the creation of such q position Sub h. stantially all the leading commercial H. bodies in this country have united in re ye questing It's creation. It is desirable tha of some such measure as that which has al he ready passed the Senate be enlcted int
 law. The creation of such Q departmen
 would in itself be an advance towar nt dealing with and exercising supervisio tv over the whole subject of the great cor