davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-01-15
TIE UNITED STATES ~Is.-
House Committee So Decides After Argu-
ment and Research.

WASHINGTON, Jan. 1.-THE House Com
mittee on the Revision Of the Laws In tho
course OF rome tinkering with the statutes
ran up against the time-worn proposition
whether a singular or plural verb goes
with the United States. There was much
discussion among the members OF the
committee M tho worshippers Of the
Constitution. quoting from that instru-
ment, had much the best of the argument.
It was suggested that the committee con-
suit any authority on the subject that
could be found. Accordingly the ID
brarian of Congress. the Supreme Court
officials and others were aske d to throw
light on the question. The result showed
that while the Constitution and nearly all
The laws, documents and messages in the
early days OF the republic used the plural
verb, the tendency had been steadily to-
ward the singular form, which during the
past fifteen or twenty years had obtained
almost exclusively.
The question was practically settled,
however, as far as the committee was
concerned, by the disco very Of n pam
phlet written by former Secretary Of State
John w. Foster, with the title, Are or Is
In this pamphlet Mr.. Foster quotes from
Hamilton, Webster. Benton, Motley, {. F.
Adams. jefferson, Marcy, Seward, Fish,
Evarts. Blaine, Frelinghuysen, Baysrd,
Gresnam ana Olney, VINO USED II IN the
singular. In the earlier messages Of the
Presidents jackson only used the singular
form, but in later years Lincoln and, since
the Civil Wa particularly. Grant, Cleve-
land. Harrison and Mckinley had used it
exclusively. He also quotes from de-
cisions Of the Supreme Court. those OF
recent years invariably using the singular
verb in connection with the United States.
In no class Of documents is greater at
tention paid TO the language employed
than in drafting treaties, and up to 1890
the plural form was used. Since then
however, the singular had been adopted,
and Mr.. Foster points to the fur seal treaty
Of 1892, the arbitration treaty Of 1897 and,
lastly. the Hay-Pauncefote canal treaty
as conspicuous examples of the usage.
After reading the arguments and au-
thorities Of Mr.. Foster the committee has
decided that legally at least the United
STATES lis"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-01-15
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The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-01-15

r. blind partisan Of . particular route;
and his shifts and somersaults Of opinion
and policy in every respect ave that
Of the particular route by which the
canal shall traverse the isthmus have
been such, and are q clearly exhibited
in his record on the subject, that il he
insists In ignoring manifest oonsidera-
tons of public interest, and particularly
II he himself persists in discovering
sinister influences behind every plan or
project in antagonism to his prejudice.
people will inevitably begin to ask why
it is. II may be monomania.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-01-15
President ROOSEVELT has selected IN

President ROOSEVELT has selected the
Special Embassy TO represent the United
States at the Coronation Of EDWARD VII,
next summer with notable discrimination
For the AMBASSADORS Chief no Amer
lean can compare in experience with Mr..
WHITELAw REID.
The representative OF the army, Gen 4.
JAMES II. WILSON. is one Of the most dis
tlnguished Of the officers surviving from
the Civil War.
The representative Of the navy. Capt.
CLARK. as the once Commander OF the
Oregon acquired a fame Of which his own
country is proud and which all others
must respect.
And the secretaries are all fine young
men. some Of them TO be heard from later.
May sweetness and light attend the
Embassy from the time il caves the home
shores until it's return.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-01-15

Senator SLATER has introduced a bill In
the Legislature providing that all public
school teachers who we're engaged in the
service of the United States in the war
with Spain and who were eligible at that
time to try the examinations for principal
shall be exempt from examination now
by the Superintendent Of Schools or board
Of examiners of this city. and that the
names Of these teachers shall be placed
upon the eligible lists for principals OF
elementary schools. II is said that there
are only three or four teacher who would
he affected by the provisions of this bill
and that the bill is directed solely In their
interest. Service in the recent war with
Spain was honorable and praiseworthy.
but that il no reason why a public school
teacher who has performed IL should not
go through the same examination for
promotion a. his fellows.
Senator SLArER's bill seems like a good
bill TO kill.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-01-15

The Hon. CHAMP CLARK OF Pike county,
Mo, yoarns to be a Senator In Congress
and he seems to be getting angry with his
sly and noiseless rival. the Hon. GUM SHOE
BILL. Hear the man from Pike:
WILLIAM JoEL's insinuation that | have aligned
myself with the enemies OF the Democratic party
Is not only utterly false. but Is too prepostcrous 10
deceive any but an Idiot. Even STONES cheek
must have biushed for shame as he wrote that"
Ia this a pretty way for n Democratic
statesman to talk OF another II Mr..
CLARK means to defeat the mar whom
the Hon. L~oNSTEPHENs has called the man
= with the silent tread and affidavit face.
he must have better means than bluster.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-01-15

The Automobile bill introduced in the
Assembly yesterday by Mr.. ROBINSON
at the request Of the Automobile Club.
setting a limit Of twonty miles an hour
on automobiles on highways. is none too
liberal a. 90 speed The man who does
not appreciate the possibilities and the
value Of motor carriages. which can equal a
horses speed and then maintain u with
out tagging. is blind to mechanical prog
ress Twenty miles an hour behind a horse
on a highway Is not 30 fast nowadays.
Because an automobile can keep up this
rate Is no reason why il should no have
permission
Whether this bill IL severe enough in
the matter Of punishment for violation
81 Ne rIles IL another question Certainly
n ls not too saVere.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-01-15
4 Far-Reaching English Decision in
Petty Canadian Case.


An incident has occurred in connec-
ton with the judicial relations between
Great Britain and Canada which is caus-
ing a profound sensation among Cana
dians, and seems likely to have far
reaching effects.
Unlike the Australians, who. when the
Federation of the States in the Com
monwealth OF Australia tool place. re-
fused TO allow appeals TO be carried
from the Australian courts to the Judi
cial Committee OF the Privy Council in
England, the Canadians continued TO
carry their appeals TO England after
the confederation in 1867. The commit
tee Of the Privy Council Ia supposed TO
Judge and decide such cases according
to the laws and customs Of the colonies
and dependencies from which the APP
peals come: and this has hitherto been
the practice.
In the present instance. however, the
decision has been reached in accord
ance with the principles and ~precedents
Of English law. and IN a manner con-
stituiing an attack on the legislative
Independence 81 the Dominion and
Provinces 81 Canada. aud the oompe-
tenoe Of the Canadian courts. II L. this
which has stirred feeling In Canada and
more particularly In the Proyinoe 81
Quebec, whence the appeal ia question
cuns The sentiment evoked Ia that
province IL ons ~ alarm which has
found expression In articles IN news
paIs.fs II various shades of politios one
paper belonging 90 neither political party
spoaks ~ the decision 81 the Judt .ai
COMMITTEES 81 the PnYy Couhal As a
nasrant violation 0f the Laws ~ the
Province ~ Oasbsc
Tho oass Shirh has created 90 muoh
alarm V plain snoush A locomotive
VI the Canadian psabo llailsay Com
PAM started a hIs IA = -ood lOt Ia
no roylnos ~ Qusi.so ~bsiohflhs a. .
fauasf 1as fauasf sust no oom
Isshy iof tsD dsAnasas ahd ~sn hus
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lansdistloH la suoL mattais lls ral
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sptoal a. lIsglaisI 18th tLs fsaui uiai
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The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-01-15

that Chicago joy as manifested in faces
and voices is better than anything dra-
matte art can Offer
Sustained by such sweet diet as this.
the Chicago club women find strength
for their multilateral activities.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-01-15

loses by their removal. Mgr. SETON is
not an old mamie 10 not sixty-three;
and many years Of pleasant life in Italy
may be hoped for him.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-01-15

10 IHF IpItuH ~ 1HF SIS ~ N
youus Strr, 10 this town tHlk had rammar
bscau-s they hear u o. th' .tr'rt and ~ hon .
thry hear n in ouf sDhoul- no lee Ih'fs
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fuf n " Impossible mot tlrE strf Iassrd
thr ssauIuatIIu- sho us@ iuDprfs Z lHu suaE.
iu thr tla.- room A aoutau HIu s lUttfl,t-
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dome have asut and zoo other dIY
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t.ttar .rd iH mrs urIlrsa fif t.faH.
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The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-01-15

HI . 81 o. a.a
81 - Hf 70.
go $50 81. - L.
81
THH HHH H HHf Gee. =
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go Fl o. : anm
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80 ias -
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-01-15

In The crowded ranks Of the weather
prophets give hluor 20 Nj DAVID MAJ
sipEs Of Bristol, Pa lie vas born -
SANDY Hook. on the schooner MAY Queen.
n~aHy s"yrutN-two years ago lie ought
~ know spmrthiug about Stnd and y eathor
~, ncig Yblfs think he dose They call
uh hl every saturday Ia order a. hni out
a Monday 10 60 be- a good day fof ~aslin'
Jay H. has % falcon eye iut noS storns
and a. ts sa.d that only thfur ave suu'-,siud
Boz falling uuptrtlrIrd ~ him ln tssuty
yvais Nuv Nc MArsIpfs aver that
tlffr arr tY Dol iuuitorn muur suu~ storms
tls ~Iutrf r,r ufs sl ~ thr 90 February
lnla usuIls 90 un . prli, lagr contract.
uYi ~ AArrIpts mahus q rp~uoialty -
ruYs NHuHfHfu vr r-.und hb prophecy
]u.srirnfIy NtH tir uld fashioned prspn
80 Ys'si tu o. ,laYiy aDd iDirhnits A
HafiaaYw Ohio urEaIds 90 fsputstipu
.ani N .i T" lat b. ulanl arail
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-01-15
GFoRoE " D1THRIDoR
NFw YORK, Jan ~

To THE EpIToR or THE Sus-Sir Being a
teacher | have been greatly Interested In the
discussion concerning the English used 10y
public school pupils. and now We have Mr.
Lawton complaining that our graduates fail
to show a proper respect for their elders
II strikes me that the writer are all rather
hasty in blaming the schools and the teachers
for these Shortcomings Might ]. In all
humility. suggest that these gentlemen might
with profit TO themselves visit a few OF the
schools they criticise. and spend time enough
in the class rooms TO see what goes on there2
In regard to the Language OF the children |
am convinced that schoolboys speak two dia-
lects-one for he street and one for the school
room and I'm spite Of a boys vigilance. an
Il ain't got no pencil will creep into school
with him and pop out In AN uuguarded mo-
ment 10 disgrace him before HI teacher aud
his classmates know Of no teachers who
allow remarks Of this kind TO pass %unnotic"d
or uHCorreCte0
II l. good, however. 10 bear In mind that
the child learns most readily by imitation. and
that be spends but twenty-five hours per
week IN the school room The remainder Of
HE time Is spent 70 the ACQUISITION Of the
has the teacher there We are doing our
best
In answer 10 Mr. IAwton. permi, mo to say
that the teachers are constantly On the watch
for the very lmpolii"ness Of which he COM
plains. and know from my oWu experience
town school that the efforts of those teachers
b'low. me- have not been IN. vain am Ger.
tain hat the yes. Hir. with which ny pupil
answers me- has become as much apart Of the
boy 49, BIZ nam" has, ! fear MI Ia Stou
must seek nearer the homes the root Of the
evil Of di.TrsIsCt among our young people
DO the parents insist upon respectful 70
pli.s A. carefully as th" t"achsI- dof 80,
] do not kuoN where TO look But. perhaps,
heir business OT household 'aT,s HTs Of
greater Importance aud The teacher must be-
accountable for the rect Again please
note IA" power 81 Imitation a polite homo
makes q polite child n NJ
- A.IL LIN Ia
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-01-15
SCHOOL MANNERS AND SPEECH.
Yes No-Yes, Sir No, Sir.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir: Your
correspondent, Alfred W. Lawton. inquiries
Of you whether children In the New York
schools are taught to use tho curt yes or
mo-" instead Of the courteous yes, sir" or
no. sir" and also whether you approve Of
such manner OF address.
As you have not yet replied TO either In
qulry. | take the liberty of answering the
first by saying that IL IL only too true. and
that children from cultivated homes who
have been carefully trained to reply to their
parents and elders in respectful form and
manner are made 20 feel that they are odd or
queer in the use of no. sir" or yes, ma'am."
and are soon forced TO use the boOrish' curt
fully sympathize with the estimate which
your correspondent evidently places. upon
this phase Of school mistraining. and II can
disrespeCtful and intolerable Is the prevalent
teaching OF children TO reply 20 their parents.
yes" and no" No child so habituated can
lay the slightest claim to good breeding as
its hnbitual attitude is one only a few degrees
removed from impudence and contempt
II IL quite time for tho Board OF Education
to take note Of this new enemy of good school
misenided and Inbred teachers who are
responsible for this baleful innovation.
The last two decades, have witnessed the
into our city. and every one making their ac-
quaintance must have observed the cour-
teous, well-bred bearing ana ihhuhels OF
these gentlemen from the Southern states
Among them, the use OF sir" after their
negatives and Alternatives Is universal, and
the contrast between their stately and re-
spectful demeanor and the crude and rude
attitude Of the youth jeTked up under the
new. method. or lack OF method, Is most
marked. The young men from the South
who have been reared under the influence
Of the old-time home training can give largo
odds to the boys and girls turned out OF New
York city schools. many of whom in manners
and bearing might be properly characterized
as fresh.
New York. as the metropolis Of the New
World, ought TO set the pace for the Interior
not only in enterprise. hut In good manners.
There il so vast a fund of good nature and OF
mutual holpfulness among the people OF this
city that II Is a pity the manners Of our youth
Fhould be distinctly lowered by the vagariCs
of n cult that seems to have found some adj
hercnts md votarics among the public school
teachers. who, for tho fair fame and name of
our city abroad, ought 10 be smoked out and
themselves compelled 10 attend an infant
school In good breeding
GEORGE W DITHRIDGH
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-01-15

d. r..i. .ft.s daa,.dp.taa..ia H.n...
.UI..I.. O.. I- q usDtfr a. LIDS tl.4.tf
a. ...l H..H "a. yaa... Y y..,..l
a I.t II l.tt.. l..
. HH fol. .fis. 900 >
ffaf a. fa
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-01-15

-.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-10-22
France in the Sahara.

Inc European continues to crowd the
Arab in Africa. For many years France
mas been Glowing her way right and left
from her foothoid on the southern shore of
the Mediterranean. until she Is practically
the dominating factor in the northwestern
edge OF the continent Her western neigh
Dor. Morocco. has not viewed her advances
compiacently, but has had to bow before
the steady encroachments of the French
backed by large army fairly well trained
In African warfare. The latest announce
ment with regard to the relations between
France and Morocco is interesting and
shows that the Paris government has by
no means given over its dream of Africa n
conquest. The southern boundaries OF both
Morocco and Algeria have never been pre-
cisely defined. Both countries fade away
into the great desert of Sahara, where land
marks are few and temptations to colonists
questionable. With the eye of projectors
some of Frances advance agents discovered
that the territory lying Immediately south
or Algeria Is the choicest of the desert re-
gion. the district known as Twat comprls-
ing numerous Gases of unusual fertility.
eupterranean water supplies the springs
ana forms occasionally that Saharan rarity,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-10-22
Easing the Strain.

The jubilation in the anthracite mining
regions yesterday when the news was an
nounced that the strikers would return to
the cities where the people have shivering-
1y awaited for weeks the outcome of the
great deadlock. There are no professions,
no gatherings, no serenades, no speeches.
But everywhere there is rejoicing. none the
less sincere because silent. The telephone
wires are kept busy carrying orders to coal
dealers. Bushels of letters are being re-
ceived by the retailers. The small stocks
of coal in cellars are being less jealousy
guarded and more literally used The
strain is lessened, even though no coal has
yet come to supply the long waiting mar
ket. Plans involving expenditures which
have been deferred until the end of the
Paterfamilias looks more brightly upon the
problem of life, and the little folks are as
sured of a comfortable winter.
Now that the gravest anxiety is relieved
by the decision of the miners to return to
work the Iublic is free to take deeper in
terest in other matters than the coal ques-
ton. Politics may arouse some enthusi-
grave questions before the country The
fuel issue has so overshadowed all others
that 1t will be difficult for the people to turn
their attention keenly at once to any other
single object. What they want now is rest
from anxiety and thought for a little while
and coal
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-10-22
The Danish West Indies.

Although the cable advices today are
meager it would appear that the landsthing
at Copenhagen has rejected the treaty con-
hrmtng the sale of the Danish West Indies
to the United States, and that there is no
likelihood of immediate reconsideration. The
closeness of the vote, 80 to 80, suggests the
possibility Of a change later, though ap-
parently this hope is not shared by those
officials in this city who have expressed
lhelr views a campaign against the sale
OF the Islands has been actively prosecuted
in Denmark during the past few months
ard the opposition party has succeeded in
arousing considerable patriotic feryor for
the retention of the territory Charges be-
sInirching the regulations of Individual
members of the government have been cir
cuiated. being apparently one of the means
employed by the opposition to arouse popu-
lar resentment. The attack upon the treaty
1t is understood here has been largely of a
domestic nature as far as the motives of
the leaders are concerned, the main object
being to embarrass the ministry and if pos
sble 20 secure a reversal of conditions.
The United States can view this result
complacently. It has made good Its posi-
tloD as far as these islands have bearing
upon the maintenance Of the Monroe doc
tIle- ne government here could not just
ly decline to buy the islands and at the
same time refuse to allow Denmark to sell
them 10 some other power. such as Ger
many II could not, in short, force Dem
mark to retain possession of a costly in
sular investment which her finances require
her 10 turn into ready capital This coun-
try does not need the islands today as 1t
needed them ten years ago. But it never
tlelFSs
and while that offer holds good. whether ac-
cepted or rejected by the government at Co
penhagen. there is no danger of the Monroe
doctrine suffering AS we are in no hurry
about getting the islands and as Denmark
seriously needs the sale money and can no
longer afford to pay the expenses of their
maintenance. it is reasonable to suppose
that sooner or later the American offer will
be accepted.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1902-10-22
Apples.

There is no good reason why every apple
lover should not have his fill Of his favorite
fruit this coming season. According to a
Boston agricultural Journal the country s
crop of apples this year will be 100000
barrels. as against q. 0OO, 600 barrels in 1901.
This is not quoted as a record crop. that of
1896 marking the top notch. But it Is an
enormous yield nevertheless and sufficient
to give the fruit growers a happy prospect
with only the fear OF insufficient transpor-
tation to trouble them. II they can market
their fruit they will make many millions.
II, however. the freight lines are congested
with grain and coal. as some railroad au-
thorities have predicted, the apple growers
will find it difficult to ship to the limit of
the crop and there may be some losses.
But In many of the best apple growing Sec
tions of the country the farmers have
learned from experience and have cooper
ated in the construction Of cold storage
plants. where the apples can be preserved
until the market IS attainable or favorable.
In western New York especially. that being
an exceptionally good fruit region, the stor-
age warehouse is a conspicuous feature of
the landscape.