davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
SPANISH ,FRiAR LANDS.
Catholic Federation Has Confidence in
4 the Administration.

IilS ftOII1iIlStFdIIONs II,
Chicago, Aug. S.-Conidence in the
administration to- do the right thing in
the matter of Spanish friars lands in
the Philippines and as to education in
the inHular possessions was; the tenor
of the discussion at the morning ses-
sion of the convention of the Ameri-
can Federation of Catholic Societies.
The resolution on the Philippines was
spoken to by a number of prominent
clerical and lay delegates, in particu
lar by Father -O'Reilley, the Augustin
ian friar, who called upon President
Roosevelt some time ago as a repre-
sentative of the order to lay the
Catholic view of the question before
him. Bishops Messmer and McFaul
and Alphons Koeble of New York also
addressed the convention on the ques-
tion. Father O'Reilley said he thought
he voiced the sentiment of the conven.
tion when he said that it was the place
OF the federation to enlighten the gov
ernment as to the true situation in the
Philippines. Men, he said, whose duty
1t was to inform the administration
lmpartially had been blind to the true
conditions. Once informed there could
be no possible doubt, he said, that fed
eral officials could cooperate with the
Vatican without friction to the amica-
BILE settlement of the controversy.
Resolutions on the Philippines ques
ton, embodying words Of sympathy
and support for the >friars, confidence
in the United States government and
respect for it's attitude toward Catholic
questions and condemnation of the I'M
favorable reports circulated about the
friars, were passed by the convention.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
DISORDER IS GREAT
French Troops Meet With Resistance
in Efforts to Close Unauthorized n
Schools.
Populace Denounces the Action of
Ministry and Women Fight
the Soldiers.
Demonstrations Become so Menacing
that the Soldiers are Ordered
to Charge.

Brest, Aug. 8.-Exc1tlng scenes oc-
Cured at the expulsion of number OF
sisters from their school at Lander
neau, near here. A special train con-
veyed detachments of soldiers to Ian
derneau, where body, of gendarmss
had been mobilized already. A large
crowd assembled at the school and
surrounded the soldiers in the square
in front of the school. When the com
missary of police arrived accompanied
by a locksmith, the people protested
vigorously, shouting:
Long live the sisters and liberty.
Down with the ministry"
Women threw themselves to the
ground in front of the horses of the
gendarmes. The commissary ordered
the sisters to open the school door.
They refused and the locksmith picked
the lock and broke windows amid the
denunciations of the crowd The com
missary ordered the sisters to leave
the school, which they did. Leaning
on the arms of the townswomen and
accompanied by the priests and thou
sands of people they marched to
cnurcn, Wnere they sang a hymn. A
large crowd followed the gendarmes to
the railroad station shouting, death
to the locksmith.' The man was pro-
tected by the military.
Similar scenes are expected in other
villages of Finisterre where the decree
against unauthorized schools is to be
put into execution.
After the expulsion of the sisters
the crowd again became so threaten
ing that the commissary ordered the
troops to charge, but the intervention
OF M. Villiers, member of the chamber
OF deputies, induced the people to dis
perse. A few women were hurt in the
disorder. The commissary at Crozen
tried to expel the sisters from a
school but the gendarmes were unable
to force their way through the crowd
and the attempt was abandoned.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
INCREASE IN SICKNESS.
Medical Report on Condition of Phil
ippine Army.

{ z ET
Washington, Aug. g.. Surgeon Gen.
eral Forwood has received report
from Lieutenant Colonel P. f. Harvey,
chief surgeon of the division of the
Philippines, giving a detailed account
Of the health of the troops in those
islands for the month ended June 15l
last. The report shows a considerable
Increase in percentage of sick as com
pared with that of last month. Cholera
has attacked two officers and sixty
two Americans and one native soldier.
In Laguna and Batangas and the ad.
jacent parts Of the province Of Taya-
bas cholera has spread in virulent ep-
idemic form, many cases having oc-
cured without report.
Outside of Manila a total of 5,967
cases have been reported with 1920
deaths. In the city there have been
1880 cases with / 100 deaths.
The report says the people in the
small towns are very ignorant. They
conside cholera q visitation of Provi-
dence and cannot be induced to take
proper precauti tionary measures.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
HOG MARKET
TELEGRAPHIc MARKET LETTER

Minneapolis, Aug. S.-Receipts were
again very light. there being but y
cars at Duluth and here against 1872
last year. Chicago received 22G cars
none OF which graded contract hnt tho
"eatner map showed almost perfect
condition for the harvesting of what is
conceded to be a bumper crop. Conn.,
pared with last year we may add 1OO-
Voo'ooo bushels to this years which
was deducted for feeding purposes
lhe quality is not up to standard which
Will permit mlllers to shade prices to
SUIT Canadas crop prospects were
never better and if the yield an
proaches the estimates Great Britain
Will require much less from us. This
could easily be figured to show that
a1ter all requirements fully 2OO. 600, 600
bushels may be left to overburden
1903.
Corn receipts were against anv f,r-
thef recessions being but 81 cars but
the cables and weather map were given
far more consideration than receipts.
Liverpool closed penny lower, which
has completely Jared the bulls at least
for the day. We consider dips like
yesterday and today desirable for
quick turns.
oats were surprisingly firm when
compared with other grains and the
movement of the new crop, which will
increase from now on.
Provisions opened surprising]y
weak and at no time UP to the noon
hour showed a disposition to rally.
The weakness in corn was perhaps re-
sponsible for this. 1t has proven
profitable quite frequently to take hold
when they are SO neglected.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
CUBAN IMPORT DUTIES.
President Authorized to increase
Them on Certain Articles.

Washington, Aug. S.-The state de-
partment is advised by Minister
Squiers that the Cuban senate has au-
thorized the executive to increase i'm
port duties to the following maxi
NUNS: l --
Shoes and boots from 10 to II per
cent; coal, rs cents per thousand
kilos; pine lumber, 40 per cent; beef
in cans, fresh beef, fresh mutton, salt
beef, jerked meat. hams. herrings, cof-
fee, cider, beer, SO per cent; hats, 60
cents; butter, liquors, wine, 20 per
cent: poultry, fresh pork. salt pork.
bacon, lard cheese, condensed milk,
wheat -four, Goldfish, rice, preserves.
eggs, beans, peas, onions, potatoes.
olive oil, 100 per cent: common soap,
$50 per cent; corn, 333 per cent.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
WITNESS THE EVoLUTloNs.
Emperor William and the Gar Watch
Russia's Navy.

Reval, Russia, Aug. Sit was nearly
midnight when Emperor William re-
turned to the Hohenzollern after hav-
ing witnessed the night gun practice
of the Russian navy by flashlight. Ear
lier in the evening he entertained the
czar at state dinner on the Hohen-
zollern and their majesties subse-
quently proceeded to the STANDARD
where they viewed the brilliant elec-
trio illuminations of both fleets. In
the morning the czar and Emperor
William went on board the Russian
flagship Minin and proceeded to sea,
where they witnessed the evolutions.
They returned to the STANDARD for
luncheon. 't..-. &c.. 49,.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
POWER NOT ON HAND.
Injunction Case Proceeds Without the
..,.. Complainant.

.s,.- Complainant.
. New York, Aug. Especial Exam
iner Richard A. Mabie, in the United
States court, continued the hearing in
the suit of Peter Power to restrain he
Northern Pacific Railroad company
from merging its stock with that of
the Northern Securities company.
George Alfred Lamb, representing
Power, tried to secure an adjournment
until his client should be taken into
custody or appear voluntarily, but the
special examiner decided the hearing
should proceed. ..
John A. Gier, clerk in the office of
J. P. Morgan & Co., testified that he
had been employed by the firm for
about nineteen months and kept the
stock register. He haG made a care
full examination of the books and could
not find the name of Peter Power
among stockholders in the Northern
Pacific railroad.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
CONTINUES TO SPREAD.
Fire In the United Verde Mine Enters
the Fifth Level. s

Phoenix, Afiz., Aug. 8, Miners ar
irving here from jerome report that
the fire in the United Verde mine has
crept down to and is entering the fifth.
level, The old shaft is abandoned on
account Of gas. The lower level is
open through the new shaft, the upper
levels in that shaft being bulkheaded.
The smelter has shut down owing to "a
break in the machinery and practically
all the men have been discharged eX-
cept the maehinists and the few who
can aid in fighting the fire when d
plan Of action is developed. Probably
800 men are idle as result. 9ss
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
THE PICTURE IS GLOOMY. Y :.
Vienna Paper Tells of the Forlorn Con-
dition OF Galician Agricultural
Laborers.
Allegedt hat the Average Mortality Due
to Starvation Has Exceeded $4,000
r.. Annually. -
Strike Now on for Increase Of Present
III Wages of Six Cents a Day
~ - and Less.

Vienna, Aug. 8.-After special in
vestigation among the agricultural Ia
borers in Eastern Galicia the Neue
Freie Presse draws a gloomy picture
of the miserable conditions which led
to the existing strike. s
The average mortality from famine
for several years past, according to the
Neue Freie Presse, aggregated $4,000.
Laborers' wages range from 8 to 16
cents a day and women earn from to
8 cents day. The peasants rarely
taste bread and exist chiefly on a soup,
the principal ingredients of which are
water and herbs. ~
A vienna dispatch on June 80 said
that great strike of agricultural Ia
borers was in progress in Galicia, the
laborers demanding an increase in the
wages of 6 cents a day for men and
8 cents day for women to double that
amount .=5
A Vienna dispatch on Aug. report
ed that there had been many conflicts
between the striking peasants and the
military. -~. ~
A dispatch to the London Daily EX-
press on Aug. said that in one en-
counter between the strikers and mil
itary 13 persons were killed and 11S
wounded and that in another case 200
persons were killed or wounded.
Advices were received from Lom-
berg, Galicia, Wednesday night, to the
effect that the strike showed signs of
coming to an end, compromises hav-
ing been reached in several districts
and the military authorities having
quelled the disturbance in others.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
KRUGER MAKES A SPEECH.
Visits the Pro-Boer Exhibition at The
Hague. E

The Hague, Aug. S.-Former Presi-
dent Kruger of the Transvaal republic
accompanied by a number of Boer
leaders, visited the pro-Boer exhibi-
tion during the morning. He seated
himself opposite the portraits of the
Dutch and French combatants who fell
during the war and as he sat there
young girls strewed flowers at his feet.
Replying to a speech made by the
president of the exhibition Mr. Kruger
paid q tribute to the "brave men who
sacrificed their lives in disinterest-
ed struggle for Justice" He thanked
artists of all nations for their unset
fish aid in contributing to the exhibi-
ton. m 81 "
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
Woman inventor Dead.

Rochester. N. Y, Aug. S.-Mrs.
Bridget French. a prominent inventor.
is dead, aged seventy-two years. She
WIS born in Queens county, Ireland,
and came to this country in 1850, set
aing in Rochester. Mrs. French de-
vised and patented at least thirty ar
ticles OF utility and up to the time of
her death was busy on others.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
KILLED NUMBER FIFTEEN.
Latest Developments Regarding the
Wreck on Milwaukee Near @4
Marshalltown, Iowa.
Most Of the Dead and Majority Of
the Forty Injured Laborers on
@ the Road.
Accident Said to b. the Result of a
Conductors Disobedience OF
Ks His Orders. IA. s..

Marshalltown, Ia, Aug. S.-The lat
est developments show that fifteen
persons were killed and forty injured
in the work train wreck on the Mil
waukee road near here. OF the in
jured two or three cannot recover. It
is thought possible that more bodies
may be found as the wreckage has
not yet been entirely cleared away.
4 The dead are two trainmen, an un-
known tramp and twelve section Ia
borers, and the disaster was caused
by the work train colliding with a
freight.
& The wreck, which was the worst in
the history of the road, was caused, it
is alleged, by the disregard of orders
by the conductor of the work train.
When the work train, which was in
charge of Conductor Craig, reached
Rhodes, the signal was set against it..
The telegraph operator informed Craig
that the freight was then nearing
Rhodes, and that the work train would
have to wait for it.
The conductor, it is claimed, did not
understand what was said, or wanted
to take a chance at reaching a side
track before meeting the freight train,
SO gave the engineer the signal, ac-
cording to the roads officials, to go
ahead at full speed.
The disaster followed, the freight
and work train coming together at full
speed. VI
Work Train a Heap of Debris.
8 The wreck left the work train a heap
of debris with the mangled bodies Of
the victims under it.
Many of the men were pinned down
with heavy timbers lying across them,
which were slowly but surely crushing
out their life.
Other had been struck by flying
splinters or pieces Of iron which had
cut cruel gashes and caused fearful
disagreement. $1s
One poor fellow was pinned down
by heavy piece Of iron which rested
across his chest. Blood was streaming
from his side, and he was in great
agony. He begged one of the rescuers
to put an end to his misery with a bull
let. Nothing could be done to remove
him until huge pile Of wreckage had
been removed, and by the time this
was done death had come to the mans
relief.
A part of the injured were brought
here and the others were taken to
Mercy hospital at Collins.
The bodies of the dead are at
Rhodes.
Aside from the train crews, the In
jured men all live in the East, and
had been brought out by the company
to do this construction work. They
have no relatives in this state.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
MILLS TO BREAK RECORDS.
Flour Output on 1so1-1so2 Crop the
LARGEST Ever Known.

Minneapolis, Aug. S.-The output Of
the Minneapolis flour mills for the
1901-1902 crop year promises to be the
largest on record, according to the
Northwestern Miller, which says that,
estimating for the ensuing four weeks,
they will in the year ending Sept. 1
make 15,600,000 barrels of flour.
This will be about 100000 barrels
more than they have produced in any
other year.
The chief gain was in the first five
months of the year, during which the
mills ran as never before.
In the closing half of the year the
figures have shown a decrease com
pared with preceding seasons.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
Postponed for a Week.

Chicago, Aug. The hearing of the
forty-iye Injunction cases that have
sprung out of the attempt to corner
July new oats has been postponed for
one week. Over thirty lawyers Sap-
peared in court and wrangled over a
continuance. After a conference be-
tween Judges Chytraus and Chetlain.
who issued the injunctions, 1t was de-
seiaed that the former should hear ali
the cases.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
To Discuss New York Politics.

New York, Aug. Son Monday Sen
ator Platt is to be the guest of his son
at Racquette lake and Governor Odell
is to stay with Lieutenant Governor
Woodruff at the latter's camp in the
Adirondacks. Chairman Dunno of the
state committee and others have been
invited to participate in the confer
ence, which will take place, in the
northern woods, and final arrange.
ments are expected to be made for the
coming Republican state convention.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
SITUATION UNCHANGED.
Political Conditions in Venezuela De-
= Ill., cidediy Bad. N

Willemstad, Curacao, Aug. S.The
political situation in Venezuela re-
mains unchanged. President Castro,
with an army of 5000 men, has ar
rived at Qua.
9 The revolutionists continue to hold
up railway trains between Caracas and
La Guayra. 0
Political prisoners to the number of
forty who were in Caracas have ar
rived at Maracaiba in chains.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
Traffic Entirely Suspended.

New Haven, Conn.,, Aug, S.-The
strike of the 400 conductors and mo.
iormen of the Fair Haven and West,
vile Railroad company continued un-
changed and the ninety-mile system is
paralyzed No passenger cars were
running, traffic being confined to the
operation of a single mail car. #
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
CAUSED by cLoUrsuRsT.

Number Of Lives Lost in a New Mex
lean Flood.
Trinidad, Colo. Aug. AT Rloos-
burg. FIVE miles west OF Ration, n. !. NJ /.
a cloudburst drowned four persons
Mrs. francesca Dominguez and three
children. IN s
A man, his wife and three children
are reported drowned at Terceo. They
were seen just before the arrival OF the
big wall of water, but all efforts to
find them since have failed.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
BURLINGTON BANDITS FREE.

Dead Robber Not identified Yet and
.a Y No Trace of Others.
Clinton, Ia, Aug. S.-No trace has
yet been found of the bandits who
robbed the Burlington train Tuesday
night. though a diligent search is 60
ing on.
Hundreds OF people from the sur
rounding country visited Savanna to
see if they could recognize the dead
robber who was shot. Many of the
visitors were police officers from Iowa
and Illinois. So far the body has not
been identified. If the identity of the
dead robber can be established, it will
be an important factor in determining
who the other bandits were.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08

THE FLORENCE cRITTENToN CIR
Gle OF Bismarck to the Nationai
Florence Crittenton Mission-President,
Josie H. Beers; Vice President, Rhoda A. Wood
Corresponding Secretary, Linda ": Slaughter M
Mary e. Whitecraft; Auditor, Lucy; A. Waid;
Chaplain, Isadora A. Carr. This Circle is or
ganized for the Christian redemption of erring
girls and women, who may receive friendly
assistance by applying to any member of the
Circle 3i 81! Ess.{$ 3,I s sI.5558 l4 56s-
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
New Chief of Usage Indians.

Pawnee. Okla. Aug. James Big
Heart, nominee on the Full Blood ticks:
ct, has been elected principal chief OF;
the Usage Indians for two years
term over Bacon Rind, candidate on the
Progressive ticket The principal Isl.
sue was the proposed allotment Of the
Indian lands. Big Hearts election
means that the land will not be allot.
ted during his term.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
NATIONAL osTEoPATHs.
Delegates in Annual Convention at
Milwaukee.

MILWAUKEE,. .
Milwaukee, Aug. 8.-The sixth an
nual convention of the American Os-
Pfeister. Over 100 delegates are in at
tendance. The feature of the forenoon
session was the annual address of
President E. r. Booth of Cincinnati
A telegram of greeting was sent to
DR.. Andrew Taylor Still of Kirksville,
Mo-, founder of Osteopathy. The after
noon was given over to clinics and
routine reports.
N Among the various cities anxious to
entertain the next convention are Den
yer, Cleveland, Detroit and Atlantic
City, s@s& .s& 4,
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
Anury AZ General Never.

New York, Aug. 81 Al telegram from
The Hague, credited to the Neus VIE
ner Tagblatt Of Vienna, states that
General Lucas Meyer has not been in
vited to the Boer conference to be
held on Aug. 81 because Mr.. Kruger
cannot forgive his behavior while In
London, where he dined several times
with Lord Kitchener.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
King Stood the tourney Wen.

London. Aug. 8. An official bulletin
says: King Edward bore the Journey
to London without the least fatigue.
His majesty had good night and is
in excellent health. The wound prac-
5tically has healed" 4 4
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
GO ABROAD FOR RAILS.
American Mills Unable to Supply the
q Demand. {.

New York, Aug. $50 great is the
pressure of steel rail orders in this
country that an American railroad, ac-
cording to reliable reports, has been
compelled, says the Iron Age, to place
a substantial contract abroad in order
to secure satisfactory delivery. The
report, which is not officially con-
firmed, however, says an order for
close to 10000 tons of steel rails for
delivery to the Pacific coast has gone
to German railmaker. 1t is under
stood the Southern Pacific and Union
Pacific companies together needed
100000 tons, but that the American
mills are unable to meet the require
ments as to deliveries on all the work.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
: THE MARKETS.

Opening. Range and Close of Grain
Prices at Minneapolis, Chicago and
Duluth.
Furnished by Coe Commission Co., Fret
National Bank building, who have direct wires
to Minneapolis, Duluth and Chicago 80
August 3, 1902
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
DULUTH CASH.
CATTLE MARKET.

Chicago, Aug. S.-Receipts. 10 oooo..
closing steady; beeves, 81 4O@SS. 60:
1exas steers, So. .G0@S6. .25; cows and
helfers, 81. 75@$6. %; stockers and
feeders, 81 6O@S5 40; westerns, 81 80
@S6. 80.
. SHEEP MARKET. A..
Chicago. Aug. S.-Receipts 5000.
closing steady; native sheep. s.. 100
81 .oo; western sheep, $3. .OO@S4. 90:
lambs, So. .50@s5 80; western lambs
81. .00@S5. 25.
HOG MARKET.
Cnrcago, Aug. S.-Receipts. l6,0o0.
lett over, 1922; estimated receints
1or tomorrow. 10000; closing steady.
lisht' 30. .6O@S1 10; mixed, S6. TOO
80; heavy, $6. 55@s7. .571k: roo,eh
Sc. .55@$7.
Kansas City Receipts-hogs. u ooo.
cattle, 1000; sheep. 10000.
omaha Receipts 600: cattle
300; sheep. ! 900.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08

ANCIENT ORDER UNITED WoRKMEN.
Bismarck Lodge No. 120 Meets the
first and third Tuesday evenings of each
month at their hall In the Baker Block at
8ro'clock.a J. Fl. Newton, NJ. w; C. i
Murrell, Recorder 5s ( ~ %EE n
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
GIFTS FOR eENERALs.
Roberts and Kitchener Honored by
EEl the City Of London.

the City OF London.
London, Aug. Sin the presence of
a great audience the. corporation of the
city of London presented an artistically
wrought golden casket to Earl Roberts
and q service OF silver plate to Cen
eral Kitchener sa
In returning thanks for his gift GEN
eral Kitchener said that the honors
conferred upon himself were a Just ap-
preciation OF the army In South Africa,
which was an imperia, army, it hav-
ing been drawn from all quarters Of
the globe.
Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1902-08-08
G.. A.. r.

James B. Mcpherson Post No. 2. Depart
mentSof North Dakota. Grand Army Of the
Republic. Meets every second and fourth
Thursday in each month at 9. a. r. hall,
Bismarck, N. D.; Nicolos Dockend0rf, Com
*mander; w. A. Bentley, Adjutant.