The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1902-12-07
SOME NEW BOOKS.
Loyaii,ts in the American ne, olution.


VAN TYNE o' the University OF f.hhS!F
vahIa. t0r a vaiu1 10 cohifinu'ion 10 our
Know ledge OF certain important features
oil oM aationai history "l!lch only III uu %
recent times have lcgun 10 T.c"'Ne que
aLEfa'ion. In The volu ne ehNfd me
Loynhss IN me AmarcdH he'olUno" ''iaeii'i-
laus), We have an account oil ne iortNa'ioh
pl the Tory or Loyausi PARTY n me wears
tnmsd aiely prtoed az our feciai az ION Oh
irdeI"na"nce oil i'S persecu on ~ '"'
Mugs dur ing Ioh+ anu Ha1' 'c'u-'i ""''
h'id Of The banshmenl or DEAN OF o'''
h0.90o Of the inos' cohserNa'lN "" anu icsi
de Citizens The author docs no' uho'f-
take 10 trace the .ol 'lcdl ana soc,'i coiSe-
Gurnccs OF their tanishnen'' when mas
bern conpuoh win mo EXPULSION % VIZ
Soors from SPAN or ne "Ni!o oil me iutu
note from FInnc", eut h snseea's u'a ue
youtnful errors oil thr Ain"licth h'Fur' "
~ The matters OF hh@hor' oiIio'i"'S '"e
pollties might have ieen III la. co re
Or preven cd hy Tire ~ c-''hcr OF ua' oo''-
aosNatNe- eioheh' "n'c' ''u - =
driven oU OF re county o. pe' 't'''
10 remain, was 'oHs aoi" y VI ro'''.
ana spoit! lh'u'"c' o.S" " ' -.
h'tcuis h'o "ho- w van .
0P'VeEs an rAl''e''i'" ~ VIZ
oun' dFo'y 10Y c"o''', "' :. a.,
n'i"seH 70 7e'''"S w ~
origin ana eFo'u''oh VI iie 10y
AZ nh qu's' 'i ~" ''' "a Nv ~.
Ue mos par 70 u'T -'''"'
''lS eAai'''i'eo ~ ia W
teen COLONIES our ny "no'c fe' .oN
feNoiu''o" ara h' I"7 'o"i' w
:!fInsTlpt on we M"iu7'' W.
f1eefs oI 'he comm 'N'o'. " i'f'''
the Losses ana e' oi V''e - -
E7ysI'-e'' wh't!'e' "" i'"'
car1eo oC' III aii '.e' '0'7 ,.,.
Inc process o' >er."'''.'i' Ia,
thered py an u'Sl-'''o" VI ,.e i"'"N
OF the or'giipu 0''eN i'e
on the daV nave "'9o leon -
cnitInis h"lns'o"s "oE.''e' U''
newspaper advocate ol Lofo'9,.
TIA uitu the y 'Se OF inc war
ters AMI Journals OF nuc'' L"s"'I''7
Hutchln~on' Our"th' Van ocH"". ~
John Murray ana 'Ie laihi'.'''s VI "a'''
wav ami others nave hAe"lSe pfo'e' vi
much Unity
what eIe n'nts or American society
were loyal 10 the British crown heiore the
passtss OF the Boston Pprt OH ana the
occupation Of Boston bv British GARRISON
Our author thinks that. before the coming
Of the British soldiers, tn" elements OF the
aqtiye Tory party nay oe fairly enough
distributed In a few wel!-iefnei classes.
There were, IN the h"'t place, the Office
holding Torios, whose incomes delerdei
on the existing reine- Closely linked
with these were those gre 5lrlous persons
whose triends were among the oihclaI
class. Doubtless many OF the Anglican
clergy had motives similar TO those or the
Gown officers. with these men driftei
the conservative people OF all social grades,
Another typo or man wh) lstened ami
yiel'ei rather to metaphysical considera-
lions than TO concrete facts was the dynas-
tic Tory, the King -Worshipper. Others
who were convncei that Parliament had
a right 70 tax are define bv our author
As IeSilIty-lorles. Both these last-men-
tio1e | types we're reinforcei by the re-
Zig ous Tory, whose dogma was Fear God
and honor the King Finally, there were
the factionai Tories, whose action was
oetern'nei by family feu Is and old political
animosltie,. Thus, in New York, the De
Lancey ray was forcet into opposition
to the So-cailei patriots, because the Liv-
pgSton parry, its ancient enemy, had en-.
bracet the Wing principles. II is suggested
tina, IN MasS1chu'etts the antipathy Of the
Ot'ses 10 Governor Bernard aided the
fotnition OF the Revolutionary parry.
Win III" actual outbreak of war came
now aocesSons 10 the active supporters
OF the British; especially when ISSUES arose
or,the suyiects ofthe Contlnenta Congress,
fhe DECLARATION OF Independence and the
French alliance. Particularly important
Is y, TO .rerpember, what Is too often over
looked, that contentment with the old or,'er
OF things was the normal state, and that
men hai TO be converte 70 the Wing or
Revolutionary views, rather than TO the
Torv'or Loyalis' position.
Mr.. Van Tyne holds that, in failing TO
prevent the assem- ling of delegates to the
Continental Congo ss, the Tories los, their
hast political orportuni'y Instead Il
taking .an enc .tic part in the colonial
politics Of the period, they remained for
the mos, part impressive. Joseph Gallo
way, for instance. test fes that. in the
election Of dcleea'es to the second CONT
nen'Hi Congress from Pennsylvania, very
small proportions OF the pcoIl e turned ON,
&c. vote. In ono plaza, he said, two m N
would meet and one would appoint the
IL