davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
MARCONI'S SIGNALS
The Manner of Their Transmission Across the Atlantic Is a Puzzle
 to Electricians.

How did Marconi's signals come across from Cornwall to the New foundland shores? There is currying hill of water and earth crust no miles high in between. Did the electric waves go over the hill or through it. or how? Thhss.. ;s the puzzle the ele"- trical world is bothering over at the moment, states Harper's Weekly. Some German experiments seem to indicate that the waves are absorbed by water as they are by metals. Prof. Fleming, of London, who has done an elaborate work on the scientific side of the sub- ject, puts the matter little different ly. His results would make water opaque to these electrical waves, as it is, in large quantity, to light. Either way, it seems as if the signals didn't come straight through. They went round the hill. In this case they must somehow have followed the curving earth. But how?
 The accepted idea is that the vibra- tions Marconi uses are just long, invis- ible light waves. And light goes straight. Prof. Fleming thinks the waves might bend; or, it may be, the upper air, being highly rarefed, is also opaque to them, like water. This would form a shell round the earth, in which the signals might travel anywhere, Would they go clear round? And il they did, would they stop when they got back to where they started, oI keep going round and round? Evi dently, until they had been absorbed by substances like the metals. But what becomes of the waves then? Do they set up current of ordinary electric ity? If that be true, then they could transmit power. There was a Kansas professor named Blake who had this idea some years ago. He was quite sure the falls of theA Nile could be made to run London, and Niagara tc turn corn grinders and run moving machines out on his native plains This matter of long-distance trans mission is the great electrical prob lem of the day, and it may be the Herts waves will bring the solution. If they should, coal mines could shut up shop Here is wide field, and inasmuch as about every nation in Europe has been ahead of us in perfectins the wireless telegraph, this is chance to even up.
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
AGRICULTURAL BOOM
Report For 1901 Makes a Re-
 markable Showing.
4 BALANCE OF S56O,0OO,OOO FOR US.
Compared With 1900 an Increase of $1OO,OOO,OOO In Value of Export Id Farm Products Is Reveal
 ed The Leading Items.

WASHINGTON, April 1.-The de- partment of agriculture has issued 8 statement of the foreign trade of the United States in agricultural products. It shows that during the fiscal year 1901 foreign countries purchased American farm products to the value of $952, ,00o,O00, representing the larg- est agricultural exports i'll our history. Compared with the record for 1900, they show an slcrease of over $10O,- 100000.
 Our agricultural imports, on the oth- CT hand, disclose a considerable falling off when contrasted with the trade of the year preceding. The various prod uctS of agriculture received from for eign sources during 1901 had an aggre- gate value of only $392, 100000, or $2S, 100000 less than in 1900.
 In comparison with the value of our agricultural imports our agricultural exports show the exceptionally large excess of $560,000000.
 It is further shown that, owing to the fact that our import and export trade with Hawaii and Porto Rico was not included, as previously in the foreign commerce returns of the United States for 1901, a comparison of the sta tistics for that year and the year pre- ceding is not altogether satisfactory, and to make an accurate compari- son of our total agricultural imports and exports for 1901 and the year be- fore the 1901 figures should be in- creased to the extent of our trade with Hawaii and Porto Rico, but complete statistics as to the value of the prod ucts of agriculture exchanged in that trade during 1901 were not to be had. In 1900 our agricultural imports from Hawaii and Porto Rico were valued at about $24,0O0,000 and our agricul- tural exports to those islands at about $5,000,00O.
 The leading items among our agri- cultural imports for 1901 were sugar, coffee, hides and skins, silk, vegetable fibers, fruits and nuts, tobacco, wool, tea, wines, cocoa, vegetable oils, dis titled spirits, seeds, vegetables and spices, the combined value of these items amounting to about $35S, ,O00, 900.
 During 1901, for the first time in several years, our exports of cotton ex- ceeded in value our exports Of bread stuffs. After cotton and breadstuffs, which held the first and second places in our agricultural export trade, meat products formed the largest item. Ad- ditional exports of leading importance, as named in the order of their value, were live animals, tobacco, vegetable oils, oi! cake and oil cake meal, fruits and nuts, dairy products and seeds.
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
Metal Worker. Confer.

NEW BRITAIN, Conn, April 7.-The New England conference of metal workers held a meeting in this city for the purpose of arranging a method by which local troubles can be adjusted without the delay necessitated by refer ring the matter to the national board. Of the sixty unions in New England thirty-seve were represented by dele gates, most of " hom were from Massa- chusetts and Connecticut. It was de cided by the conference to ask the na- tional board to appoint q local organ. izer. The conference then adjourned to meet in Springfield, Mass, subject so the call of the secretary.
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
A CURE FOR CONCEPT.
An Easy Method of Getting Rid of Mental Affiiction That May
 Have Rad Results.

'fWe hear a great deal of talk now- Rdays," remarked a scientific man, according to the Detroit Free Press, about return to nature being the necessary thing to preserve man 1n his best estate, spiritually, mentally and physically. It is not all talk, ei- ther, for I've tried the nature panacea, and it works like charm. It is my opinion that the Creator intended man to work half a day with his head and half a day with his hands; and to rest all day Sunday. My work is geological, you know; and very absorbing work it is. Now and then, only, l get wide awake on other subjects and dis cover that, in regard to science, l am becoming very opinionated and con- ceited. In my symptoms, I discern dreadful tendency to think that know it all abous geology, and that no other scientists know very much.
 Well, sir, as soon as l see this dan- gerous intellectual rash breaking out, l drop my pen, cork up my ink, get on some old clothes, lock up my 'den,' and go straight out to my son | Georges farm. There I stay for weeks.
  l portions and alarming features of the seizure. I pitch into the farm work with George, just like any oth- CT hired hand. I rake hay or blow, or chop wood, or do anything that l George wants me to do. As l work l like hired man. I eat like a hired man and sleep like hired man; and my old fagged-out, abnormal, conceit- ed brain gets thorough rest.
 "Conceit is a terribly dangerous state of mind, did you know it? Con ceited people never learn anything; l just you stop at every looking glass you come to and admire yourself, and you'll see how long you will be get | ting anywhere. Sometimes George lets me take the wagon and go out on the country roads peddling apples or cab Ldges. l like that better than any, thing. In fact, if | didn't feel that | owe my life and labors-to science, I'd | like to peddle cabbage the rest of my i life. It's thoroughly soothing OCT equation; everybody buys cabbages; j; nobody can resist cabbages-nice, green cabbages just out of the farm wagon at the very door. Cabbages take the nonsense out of you, I tell I you. When you feel yourself getting conceited, advertise immediately for some farmer who wants a man to ped dle cabbage.
 "Oh, yes; when I come back to town and buckle down to hard, scientific work again, my head is as clear as q bell. Ies, sir, as clear as bell.
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
MAY BE POSTPONED.
St. Louis Exposition Not Acceptable
 to Foreigners.

CHICAGO, April 7.-John Barrett, commissioner general to Asia for the Louisiana Purchase exposition, has left Chicago for San Francisco en route to the orient. AS Mir. Barrett has just re turned from Washington, where he had access to the diplomatic core spondence with foreign governments on worlds fair matters and as he also has been in recent conference with the fair officjaiS at St. Louis the following statement made by him in reference to the reports of possible postponement of the St. Louis exposition has spe- cial significance:
 ''T'he worlds fair management in St. Louis has been bending every energy to have the exposition open promptly in 1903, but grave condition has aris- en which it cannot control and for which it is not responsible. Nearly all of the foreign governments have unoff1- cially notified the United States gov ernment or the wSSlds fair manage ment that it is physical impossibility' for them to be creditably represented at St. Louis in 1903 On the other hand, while the majority of them have accepted for 1903 and will do the best they can, they have informally inti- mated that if the exposition shall be postponed they will endeavor to sur- pass even what they did at Chicago and Paris.
 ''As the success of the worlds fair as a great international exposition must depend largely on foreign participa- ton it can be seen that this is most serious consideration, which neither congress nor the exposition officials can overlook. In short, if the worlds fair at St Louis shall be postponed it will be done largely in difference to the wishes of foreign nations"
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
Curious Sense That Plants Have.

Francis Darwin, speaking before the members of the British association a Glasgow, said that a pine tree grows straight upward because it possesses a gravitation sense. A plant which grows in curve in order to assume the position best suited to it's needs also exhibits perception of gravitation Some flower stalks are very curiously guided by the gravitation sense. The common narcissus is an example. At first there is a straight shaft piercing the ground with it's compact pointed fower-bud sBut as the flower opens the stalk bends close to the top and brings the fower-tube into a roughly horizontal position, where it shows off its brightly colored crown to the in- sects that visit it. The flowers are guid- ed to the right position by the grayita- tion sense, and they increase or dimin- ish the angular bend in their stalk till the right position is attained" ."-Sci- enna~
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
AID FOR HoER SUFFERERS.
Check For $5,o00 Forwarded to 0us
 Consul at Cape Town.

Consul at Cape Town.
 E CHICAGO, April "A certified check for $5, 900 drawn to the order of Presi- dent Roosevelt was forwarded to the president on March 29 by the commit tee of. citizens which Governor Yates appointed in December last to raise funds for the relief of Boer women and children sufferers in the concentration camps of South Africa. Inasmuch as the committee was without satisfac. tory means of forwarding the money President Roosevelt was requested to accept the fund and have it forwarded through such channels as he might deem best to be disbursed for the relief of the sufferers for whom it was in- tended.
 A letter from Secretary Hay under date of April 3 has been received by Peter Van Vlissingen, secretary of the Illinois committed acknowledging the receipt of the check by President Roosevelt and statinA.that, as directed by the president, the money has been forwarded to the United States coll sul general at Cape Town, that being, in the presidents opinion, the most ex- peditious way of transmitting it to its destination. The consular officer at Cape Town, Secretary Hay states, has been directed to distribute the fund in the manner intended by the donors.
 President Roosevelt and the secretary of state having so readily compiled with this first request, Mir. Van Vlissin- gen announced that it was now the purpose of the committee to undertake e the collection of a much larger sum and that a systematic effort will be made throughout the state to collect cilecks and drafts of $1 each payable to Theodore Roosevelt. These checks and drafts, MT. Van Vlissingen states, will be forwarded to the epresident from time to time as they accumulate in his hands
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
ArtsfciaI Marble.

marble by the same process by which nature makes it, only in a few weeks
 instead of few thousand years, says the London Builder. They take a rather soft limestone and chemically perlneate it with various coloring mat ters, which sink into the stone and are not mere surface coloring, as in seagliola The completed material takes a fine polish. and many of. the specimens are of beautiful color and marking. Used as veneer it is about one-third the price of natures marble.
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
csrr,aue h1aker. to Strike,

' WASHINGTON, April 7.-Carriage Makers union No. 72 has decided to go en strike because of the refusal of the manufacturers to grant their demand for an eight hodr workday at mini mum scale of $2.50 per day. About 160 men will be affected. Three of the thirty-three employing firms have granted the demands of the men: and in these shops the strike order will not he effective
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
A Taray Peace Movement.

KROONSTAD, Orange River Colony, April lowing to the great distance separating the members of the Trans vaal mission here from MT. Steyn, the former president of the Orange Free State, and General Delarey the nego- tiations between the Boer leaders in South Africa looking to the conclusion of the war make little progress. It is expected, however, that MT. Schalkbur- ger and his colleagues on the mission will shortly leave here for a more con- venient center from which to conduct the negotiationS
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
Canadian Fighters Praised.

OTTAWA, Ont, April 7.-Lord Minto, governor general of Canada, has receiv- ed the following cablegram from Jo- seph Chamberlain, the colonial secre, tary: T congratulate the Dominion on heroic conduct of Canadians in action with Delarey. Deeply regret heavy cas- ualties and desire to express heartfelt sympathy with those who have given their lives upholding the splendid tra- ditions of Canadian valor."
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
Miss stone VIII Lecture.

NEW YORK, April 7-Major Pond has closed contract, through Charles A. Stone of Boston, with Miss Ellen NJ. Stone, the missionary, for a series of 100 lectures to be given in the principal cities of the United States
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
Died on shtpboard.

NEW YORK, April Miss Sarah Spaulding, aged sixty eight years, cabin passenger on the Ward line steamer Niagara, Which has just ar rived from Nassau, died of heart fail- ure. Miss Spasllding's home was at 275 Pawtucket street, Lowell, Mas
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
Settinr Out Sponres

Tn Florida and other suitable Wa ters beds of sponges are now set out, and marketable sponges are grown from small cuttings, just as vegetables are raised in the same way.
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
run.ton Goes to Denver.

SAN FRANCISCO, April 7.-Briga- dier General Frederick Funston haa left for Denver to assume command of the department of Colorado. General Funston was accompanied by his wife and infant son.
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
Fortune in a Hat.

S2, soc, ,000, perched on thet op being a $2, 5o0,o0o, is percs ed on the top being a Jung Bahadur, the king of Nepaul's nrime minis<
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
NInrbh Rurned.

That old joke about "a fire in a stone yard" must be called in., recent com aagration in Philadelphia marble and granite plant cause9 a loss of $5O.0o0.
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
Dfaz sfuy Visit Els.

CITY OF MEXICO, April 7.-Talk of President Diaz visiting the United States and Europe the coming summer e renewed in political circles.
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
The Battle of Doornba1t Farm.

KLERKSDORP, Transvaal Colony. April "Details received of the battle at Doornbalt farm, in which the Brit fish had officers and 24 men killed and 16 officers and 131 men wounded, while the Boers had 137 men killed or wound ed, show that quite 2,000 Boers opened a strong attack from different points, with three guns and a pompom. This attack was made at a moment when the British had left their luggage in laager in charge of the Canadian con tingent and were galloping across the open plain with the intention of cap- turing Boer convoy which had been discovered five miles ahead.
Waterbury Democrat., 1902-04-07
KRUGERS GIVING UP.
Son of Dom Paul Swears AL
 1egiance to the Crown.
fWENTY-FoUR OF THE FAMILY YIELD
Details of the Rear Guard Fight at Boschman's Kop and of the Bat- tile of DoOrnbaIt Farm Slow
 Work of the Peace Mission.

Details of the Rear Guard Fight at
 Boschman's Kop and of the Bat-
 tile of DoornbaIt Farm Slow
 Work of the Peace Mission.
 PRETORIA, April 7.-Casper Kru- ger, the eldest son of former President Kruger, and twenty-four other rela- tives of Mir. Kruger bearing the same family name are among those who have recently taken the oath of ale glance to Great Britain.
 Careful computation gives the total strength of the scattered Boer com mandoes at between 5000 and 5000 men.
 Details received here of the rear guard action during the night of March B1 between the Second Dragoon guards of Colonel Lawley's column and the Boers near Boschman's kop show that g force of 200 British while endeavor- ing to surprise Boer laager on dark night rode straight into force of 6Oo Boers. The Boers were hidden in drift and opened fire from almost un- der the legs of the British horses. A fierce hand to hand struggle ensued, 1n which both sides freely used the butt ends of their rifles. The British re gained the ridge they had just left and commenced rear guard action.
 In the meantime a strong force or Boers had barred the road back to the British camp. The coming of daylight enabled Colonel Lawley to see that the guards were hard pressed, and he dis patched re-enforcements, with 1.-two guns, to their assistance. The re-en- forcements soon compelled the Boers to Eetreat.
 The guards had had a very hard fight and were ordered to retire by squad ron The Boers disputed every inch of the road with the guards and continu- ally attempted to rush them, shouting, Hands upp' At each successive posi- tion taken up the British appeared in diminished numbers, for as it grew lighter the aim of the Boers improved proportionately.
 Commandant Prinsloo is reported to have been killed in the fighting, as well as other Boer officers.
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1902-07-03
Old London Guilds and Crafts.

Compare the condition of the
trade unionist in the fifteenth
century with that of the large class
of unorganized labor during the
same time. The unionists had
some rights that were respected
by the guilds, crown and mobiles;
the crafts were a recognized force
and were treated with considera-
ton, while on the other hand un-
organized labor was oppressed and
ruthlessly trodden under Sir
Thomas More says Of them: "The
condition Of the laboring beasts
may seem much better, for they be
not put to such continual labor,
nor the living is not much worse.
Poor wretches! their daily wage is
so little that it will not suffice for
the same day" So poor was their
physical condition that they easily
fell prey to pestilence. Such were
the conditions of unorganized la
Dor in the fifteenth century. That
their condition is better today is
due to those who have united and
fought their battle for them.
PENDENNIS.
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1902-07-03

The latest invention in the do
main of ceramics is the manu-
facture of violins and mandolins
from porcelain. A well-known
manufacturer of the Messein okari-
mas and porcelain organs has in
vented a process for the manu-
facture of violins and mandolins
from clay. Some violins have
already been completed, and the
inventor has applied for letters of
patent for the same in different
countries. Under this process the
violins are cast, and every violin is
guaranteed a success and to be
excellent for producing music.
The latter quality constitutes pre-
cisely the chief value Of this in
vention. The porcelain body, it is
claimed, is better able to produce
sound than a wooden one, since it
co-operates in the production Of
sound, making the notes soft and
full.
The mandolin, much played in
southern countries, is also made of
porcelain, and the musical sound
of this instrument is likewise
stated to be improved. In shape
the porcelain violin is an exact
imitation of the wooden instru-
ment, but, as the porcelain violin
is very suitable for decoration, it
is very likely that costly instru-
ments of luxury will be. asked for
as is the case with the okarinas. It
is asserted that the porcelain vio-
'lins possess the further advantage
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1902-07-03
Why Not Adults?

The National Educator states:
every boy and girl that is edu-
Gated should be able to-Write a
good hand; spell all the words in
ordinary use; know how to use the
words; speak and write good Eng
fish; add column Of figures rap
idly; make out an ordinary account;
receipt it when paid; write an Or
binary promissory note; reckon the
interest or discount on it for days,
months and years; draw an or
binary bank check; take it to the
proper place in bank and get the
cash; make neat and correct en-
tries in day book and ledger;
measure the pile of lumber in the
shed; tell the number of yards of
carpet required for the parlor; tell
something about the laws Of health
and what to do in case of emer-
gency; tell the largest number of
bushels of wheat in the largest bin,
and the value at current rates;
know how to behave in public and
society; be able to give the great
general principles of religion, and
have sufficient common sense to
get along in the world"
The foregoing undoubtedly con-
stitute the cardinal principles upon
which a common but thorough
education is based; yet we venture
the opinion that less than 10 per
cent of the so-called educated men
and women-not taking into con-
sideration boys and girls-of these
enlightened and very much boosted
intellectual United States, could
pass an examination on the above
subjects and come out of the
ordeal with a greater average
than 60 per cent; while for the
whole population the average
would not be more than 80 or 35
per cent. To prove my conten-
ton it would be necessary to delve
deep into statistics for figures
which would require about five
columns of figures to show the
exact average per individual re-
quired to pass an examination in
any one of the above subjects; also
the average required to pass upon
all-special studies not included
ordinary courses of an elementary
education, after which the general
average is easily ascertained.
Take for instance the first req
uisite, -" write good hand" Re-
CARELESS of the fact that there are
but four standard and authorized
systems of penmanship in ou1
public schools and institutions oil
higher education, forty millions
at least all that pretend to or think
they know how to write-abso
lutely refuse to follow these stand
ards, and scribble and scrawl with
lall the individual abandon that pen
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1902-07-03

in life? To have sufficient COM
mon sense to get along in the
world is very we'll and good logic,
but how many can get along in
this world upon the meager edu-
cation held out to them? Teach the
adult as we'll as the boys and girls.
JULIUS.
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1902-07-03
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION.

over the wooden ones that they are
totally insensible to the influence
of the weather. That the porcelain
violins are liable to breakage and
that they are heavy appears to
have been left unconsidered. They
are made in the earthenware' fac
tory at SNrnewitz. London Globe.
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1902-07-03
BASEBALL.

Standing Of the Clubs in the National
and American Leagues, and
American Association.
July 2.