The Holly chieftain., 1902-07-11
TEACHERS rlEETlN0
n,nnsApoL,s CONVENTION.

NaSlon4t eoueotsonSi Assoctatton IN
ssssIon-eroessdinss Of the Ma
tional couneil.-Addrsss and Pa
psrs In the Indian section.
Minneapolis, July S.-The National
Educational Association opened its
sessions here yesterday. The attend
ance il large. The meetings Of the day
were those OF the national council and
Of the Indian education section. The
council Is the Inner circle of the asso-
ciation, and election to 1t is esteemed
high honor. Its memberships are
limited and run for life.
Nathan G. SchaefYer of Harrisburg,
state superintendent of public instruc-
tiOn in Pennsylvania, read paper on
Taxation As 1t Relates to School
Maintenance" He declared that as
taxation for for school purposes is now
the accepted policy OF every civilized
country, its nature and purpose should
be taught in connection with history
and civil government.
The second paper on the program
was by Albert G. Lane, district super
intendent OF schools. Chicago on Tax
alton and Teachers Salaries"
"The reports Of county and state
superintendents," he said, show that
II effective instruction Is to be impart-
ed to all children. more generous pro-
vision must be made for the ample
compensation OF teachers, for perman-
ency In their work and for centralized
schools In the rural districts"
He commended the proposition that
the fund for the payment of teachers
salaries be increased by the distribu-
tiOn Of a larger amount of money to be
raised by general and state tax. and
to be distributed In such way as to
insure the maintenance of rural
schools for 1GO to 1SO days each year.
effective administration of a school
system can be most easily secured
when the teacher can work with the
certainty of compensation on fixed
scale, without radical and violent fiuc-
tuations; when the general principles
of civil service prevail and teachers
are retained during efficient service
and good behavior. To secure these
results in the largest cities. the stat
utes relating to the raising of taxes for
the teachers salary fund should pro-
vide for an adequate and definite
Amount"
The discussion was opened by ]. NJ.
Greenwood, superintendent of schools,
Kansas City.
Superintendent C. Il. Gilbert Of
Rochester, New York, read paper at
the afternoon session of the national
council on 1.-The. Function of knowl-
edge in Education"
The other afternoon paper was by
William T. Harris, United States com
missioner Of education, ON 1.-THE Differ
eDce Between Efficient and Final
Causes in Controlling Human Free
DOM" The discussion was opened by
John w. Cook, president of the Illinois
Normal School Of De Knlk, Illinois.
The morning session Of the Indian
education section at Plymouth church
was given up to greetings from Govern
or Van SAINT, State Superintendent j.
w. Olsen and others. Responses were
made by Indian Commissioner W. A.
Jones Of Washington. d. c.; s. NJ. Nc.
Cowan, Oklahoma. president of the
section; Lieut.. Col. X. p. Pratt. super
intendent Of Carlisle School. Pennsyl-
vania; II. B. Pears. superintendent Of
Haskell Institute, Kansas; E. II. Nc.
Arthur, superintendent OF Sisseton In.
dian School,, South Dakota; G. f.
Pierce, superintendent OF Biggs' Insti-
tute, South Dakota; Miss Estelle Reel,
superintendent Of Indian schools,
Washington, u. @.
In the afternoon President MCGOWAN
read his annual address and q large
number Of papers were read by Indian
| educators.
Miss Alice Robertson, supervisor
Creek nation. indian Territory, de.
clared that the uneducated white peo-
pie formed the greatest menace to the
education Of the Indians, In that they
offered deterrent Influences.
3. N MCGOWAN of Oklahoma. presi-
dent of the Indian section, declared
that tendency was apparent to over
crowd the development of the Indian.
He said Christianity could not be
taught to q white man In minute,
and that an Indian required more time
| to learn. The Indian, lie said, should
be led and not driven, and the leaders
should not lead them too fast.
r. ID. Shut of Tulalip. Washington,
said the Indian boy and girl should be
taught to do the same work on the
farm.
Miss Robertson dissented from this
on the ground that the Indians already
| force their women to perform too much
manual work.
Four general sessions OF the associa.
tion are scheduled for this afternoon
when Governor Van SAINT. State Super.
intendent Olsen. Mayor Ames. City Su-
perintendent Jordan and President Cy-