Wallowa chieftain. [volume] (Joseph, Union County, Or.) 1884-1909, 1902-03-06
ABOUT THE BIOGRAPH
THAT PRODUCES THE
MOVING PICTURES
Great Future for Them in Education
Some of the Uses to Which They
May BE Put-How the Films Are
Made.

Made.
There is n great future for moving
pictures in education. To the insular
child what more impressive method of
information as to what warship is
like in all its majesty than to show him
one i'm mOtion-photographyy The chill
dren of the Central States will be
shown waves dashing high upon the
strand, or rolling in gentle pillows on
the bathing beach where children are
at play. There are city children, too,
who can be shown harvesting and hay
ing scenes in the great West; cows,
horses, and all animals, wild and tame.
And for both rural and urban young
sters the mutoscope will display the
Indian, the Conaman, the Zulu-all
races of men and their manners and
customs To the geography class the
mutoscope will display the capes, riv-
ers, cities, bays, towns and historic
buildings that heretofore have been but
names to the book -dazed scholar. He
" III tN ohoN II AhC EldNlNA III It's
mighty disintegration, Vesuvius in
eruption, and Niagaras resistless flood.
1t will take the scholar up the Danube
or down the Mississippi. or show him
the wOndrous panoramas Of London,
New York, Paris, Bombay and Canton
life To the history class the muto-
scope will show the great personages
of to-day, as they live and move and
have their being. What more vital sug-
gestion of the war with Spain than the
caya-one showing her at anchor in
New York harbor. her captain, in bitter
jest, training his cannon on the city;
the other battered wreck upon the
beach of Santiago few weeks later?
Life-mOtion pictures are made with
one type of camera and projected by
two kinds of machines. The moving
picture camera is arranged SO that,
when turned by crank. either by hand
or by an electric motor, the sensltized
800 feet per minute. But, to make each
picture, this film must come to a dead
stop for one-seventeenth part of a sec
ond, during which time the shutter Of
the camera opens and closes. Then in
less than the hundredth part of sec.
ond the film moves down about two
inches, and the process is repeated un-
til the picture is finished. From one
half a minute to a minute Is sufficient
time to take ordinary scenes in life-mo-
marching eight abreast can pass at
walk a given point in one minute; and
so, in taking life-motion photographs of
a parade, the operator Of the camera
turns on his machine only at the mo-
ment important personages are passing.
Pictures three minutes in length or
longer are often taken, but experience
has shown that long pictures on the bio
graph grow tiresome.
A developed biograph film is simply a
ribbon of semi-transparent celluloid
three inches wide, on which appears a
succession of pictures. These pictures
are two inches high and cover the film
to its edges, while between each pic
ture there is margin of One-sixteenth
of an inch. A picture-film of a scene
that has lasted a minute will be three
inches wide and 320 feet long. On it will
be 1900 separate photographs of the
subject. The camera makes exposures
at the rate of thirty distinct snap shots
nor canopd anH tha hioUranh
scope (by which names the two forms
of reproducing apparatus are distin-
guished exhibit them to spectators at
the same rate of speed. The eye cannot
detect where one picture joins another.
lures per e.-Everybodys Maya
zine.