The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1902-05-18
THIRTEEN MILLION
HIVE NET DEATH
Because of Earthquakes and
Volcanoes in History.
HOW A VOLCANO FORMS
Some of the Notable Erup-
tj9as of the Past.
HOW A VOLCANO FORMS

Z
The causes producing the two geolosi-
cal disturbances 50 prolific OF fear and
| terrible havoc are practically the same
The result from the fact that the
interior of this globe is still intensely
/ hot, radiating heat into space and con-
sequently contracting In bulk. ortions
Of molten rock are from time 20 time
elected and sudden seismic disturbances
ocur which cause destruction ike that
at st. Pierre from volcanic erEptions. or
the earthquakes which have killed
hundreds Of people in several OF the Cen
trail American countries.
During the existence of this world,
many important geographical changes
nave been made through this natural
phenomena.
Scientists have found traces of this
in many quarters Of the globe where
there have been no heavy earthquakes
or volcanic eruptions for ages and ages.
Volcanoes range in size from a dimin-
utive cone TO a huge mountain. In both
cases they are formed from material
which has ben belched forth from the
earth's interior.
They can break through any kind OF
geological formation, and have come
through granite Of immense depth. and
also through silurian rock, such in
stances of their awful power being dem
onstrated by extinct volcanoes that have
been discovered in France and Scotland.
Those known as Etna and Nesuvius
emerged from beneath soft marble strata,
They are generally classed as active.
dormant and extinct In many cases,
however. it is impossible 10 distinguish
the latter two, and many that have re-
NAMED duiescent for hundreds OF CEN
turtles have been known TO suddenly break
forth in the most violent manner.
Such a one was Sornena, which after
being dormant almost beyond time i'm
memorial became actice in the first CEN
fury OF the Christian era and intimate
" produced Vesuvius.
The latter in 70 A. D. vOmitted forth
lava and deadly gases in such gigantic
volume and so rapidly that the inhabi-
tants OF the city OF ompeii and several
other adjacent towns were destroyed as
were the people OF ST. Pierre.
But Pelee. the volcano which so quick
" ended ST. Pierre and its people. was
another one which was always consider
ed extinct.
Mt. Epomeo, on the island OF Ischia,
furnishes another illustration Of the IN
certainties OF these dread creatures Of
the earth's hidden mysteries. Il re-
NAMED dormant for about seventeen
centuries and then in 1902, burst Forth
with the utmost violence
IN operation a volcano emits gases,
vapors. ashes, bouIders and lava
Sometimes the acids are as destructive
to life as is the lavt and ashes The
orator of Idjen. volcano in Java turn
cd loose a huge lake of acid vapf which
rushed down the mountain side. and the
poisonous properties of the liquid caused
widespread destruction among human be
ings. cattle and birds.
The ashes sent forth by the volcano
are generally so fine that they will pene-
trate a house through the smallest crew
ices and cracks. They are generally 50
hot that the inhalation OF the smallest
amount will cause death.
Ashes have ben known 10 fan over
a country covering a radius within 100
miles OF the volcano from which they
were discharged. That occurred when
Vesuvius broke loose in fS22-
On sanother occasion. when the Cose-
eruptive in 1885 utter darkness prevailed
within circie OF thiriy-fve miles and
eight miles away covered the ground
TO a depth OF ten feet. Fousdays later
some II the ashes which had been caught
IN an upper-air current fci! KINGSTON,
Jamaica. 100 miles away.
Huge stones have been sent hurting
through space FOR great DISTANCES by
volcanoes Ia violent activity Many were
found in The ashes which bu-ied Pompel
4 volcano ia violent activity I.' SIR
\ volcano at Antuco. Chilli. - said 20
have sent stones thirty-six miles, and
Cotopaxi is said 70 have hurried 20
ton boulder nine miles.
Molten lava can rush down mountain
side II a faster rate than 4 mile ar hour
After il STOPS flowing q crust VIII form
over the top 81 the he'd. which becomes
hard and cool. while the BODY q It VII re-
tain 2 aeTy heat Ter years.
When Mauna Lea. the terror creating
volcano Of Hawaii. had its awful erup-
ton IN Is5z. Il beiched forth SOLD f9un-
tain - iava which vas 90 feet Wids
and spouted 81 feet in the air
Other asry Fountains q ias sarne egun-
t-y have Been known tc perform similar
feats and have continued O. D. 80 M
iutsrruptedly FOR several weeks.
The outpsls frorn one = them Travelled
aften miles in two hours ard e1nfirpef
% creep along far months. des;roTing
everything ir IS path.
Lava - as variable "a Is m7ois sftrr
settiins down on TOP - the EARTH 81 -
.s o. ss;;ing there. Sometimes g q-ickiy
t-scar-es gooE sot1. Whsle or other ecca-
ssofz Il always remains ns-ren-
A. rule. votca nces A.. iocsfef ~
raaunsaia ranxes 81 TIE re.Ehborhcrs ~
IRE ga Host y - ocssn isiarts are
volcanic VERY sei1o- Toicaro
found fs- fnlsrd. snt shen if f. 81 sis-
patea q = F~ns-aIir f. tas vicinity - q
lake ~ zhs-s boty - water has 81
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re lz-xrFt cEes AZ o. ire HsEatisr
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