The Savannah morning news., 1902-09-22

ryman can afford to use it. With these
changes in condition dairying is prov
ing a profitable industry in the South
where properly managed. The bulletin
has been prepared to show the posi-
biities that exist in the South and for
suggesting practical details necessary
for the best success. The great advan-
tage which the South possesses for
profitable daiTying is the mild climate
which permits of pasturing for nine 10
twelve months in the year. The food
that COWS gather for themselves is the
cheapest that can be provided. Pas
lures of Bermuda, Lespedeza and 9TH
CT plants are abundant all summer
long. Cow peas and sorghum viii car
~ the cows through any drought and
by December the winter oats vetches
and crimson clover afford rich grazing
till the grass starts again in the
spring. The buildings too, need be
less expensive by reason OF the same
mild climate, and the less food il takes
to maintain the animal heat Then.
too, need by less expensive, by reason
of the same mild climate. and the less
food it takes to maintain the animal
heat. Then, too, there is a home mar
Set IN every Southern town. which has
been heretofore poorly supplied or
supplied from the North. All over the
Gulf states the average price of milk
Is from 50 10 40 cents per gallon and
butter is seldom lower than 80 cents
per pound for a good article, and oft
en- higher. With the increase in dairy
products over the demands of the home
marker there is the market in the near
by West Indies ready 10 take the sur
plus. Dairying, too will tend TO the
more permanent Improvement of the
soil and the making Of the farmer more
independent of commercial fertilizers
The location is a very important mat
ter in the starting of dairy. Good
water Is essential. Flowing springs
and streams are best. but if these are
not there the situation should be where
well water is abundant and easily got
ten. Well drained land is also import
ant especially for the winter grazing
Good soil is of course, needed, for bar
rem land will not furnish the food need
ed. The buildings need not be elabo-
rate, but should be convenient and well
ventilated. Plans for COW barns are
given. Concrete floors are recommend
ed as the best. We think the concrete
all right for the cutters behind the
stalls, but do not want il anywhere
else. A cement floor in a cow stable is
the worst nuisance we ever had to con-
tend with. A good wooden platform
with cemented cutters behind is as
good an arrangement as can be made.
Full directions are given for the con-
struction of the stalls and managers. all
of which are excellent. a cut is given
of an excellent plan for dairy build
ing with cellar and sub-cellar ventilat-
ing from a well outside to an air shaft
leading up to the top of the building
Great stress is properly laid upon the
purity of the water supply which is
essential to the health of the COWS. No
open pools filed by surface drainage
should ever be used, as they are sour
ces of disease to cows and the users of
the milk. A good windmill and a tank
large enough to hold several days sup
ply is very good arrangement. Breeds
of dairy cows are well treated of and
the characteristics of each we'll de
scribed. We agree with the statment
that the dual purpose COW is a myth.
A cow should be kept either for the
value in the dairy or for beef, and the
characters are so widely different that
a COW cannot be profitable for the dairy
and be good for beef too. Excellent
advice is given in regard to the breed
ing up of a dairy herd from always
using fun blood bull. Permanent pas
lures: Bermuda grass is the best for
the foundation, adding other grasses to
suit the land Red top, some of the
p9sDalums and alsike clover will be
good. Melilotus is good on strong lime
soils. White clover does we'll where
the soil is not too dry and burr clover
makes a good early growth when sown
on a Bermuda sod. Bermuda is re-
placed by carpet grass near the Gulf,
and carpet grass is found associated
with Bermuda as far north as Central
North Carolina. On rich alluvial soils
the Bermuda will often carry two
cows per acre. Col. +. L. Maxwell, of
Mound, La, says that he has kept ten
cows per acre in good condition from
May to September but such results
are possible only on the richest soils.
Various plants are discussed for tenn
porary pastures. and the subjects of
soiling ang ensiage are we'll treated,
and a silo is said to be indispensable.