The Jennings daily record., 1902-07-03
HISTORY OF VOLCANOES
TERRIBLE Recoso OF LAVA STORMS
IN THE PAST.

During the Worlds Existence Many Inn
portant Geographical Changes Have
Reen Made Through Earthquakes and
volcanoes-Manv Islands volcsnic.
Volcanoes and earthquakes have nj
ways been the most dreaded by hu
manity of all calamities that could be
fall community.
The causes producing the two geo
logical disturbances SO prolific of fear
and terrific havoc are practically the
| same.
They result from the fact that the
interior Of this globe is still intensely
hot, radiating heat into space and con-
| sequently contracting in bulk. Por.
tions OF molten rock are from time to
| time elected and sudden seismic dis
| turbances occur which cause destruc.
ton like that at st. Pierre from vol
| canic eruptions, or the earthquakes
which have recently killed hundreds of
| people in several Of the Central Amer
lean countries.
During the existence of this world
many important geographical changes
have been made through this natural
phenomena.
Scientists have found traces of this
in many quarters of the globe where
there have been no heavy earthquakes
or volcanic eruptions for ages and
ages.
Volcanoes range in size from dimin-
utive cone to huge mountain. In
both cases they are formed from mate
rial which has been belched forth from
the earth's interior.
They can break through any kind Of
geological formation, and have come
through granite of immense depth,
and also through silurian rock, such
instances of their awful power being
demonstrated by extinct volcanoes
that have been discovered in France
and Scotland.
Those known as Etna and Vesuvius
emerged from beneath soft marine
strata.
They are generally classed as active,
dormant and extinct In many cases,
however. it is impossible to distin-
guish the latter two. and many that
have remained Quiscent for hundreds
Of centuries have been known to sud.
denly break forth in the most violent
manner.
Such one was Sornena. which after
being dormant almost beyond time
immemorial, became active in the first
century of the Christian era and ulti-
mately produced Vesuvius.
The latter in 70 A. D. vomited forth
lava and deadly gases in such gigantic
volume and so rapidly that the inhabi-
tants of the city of Pompeii and sew
eral other adjacent towns We're de-
stroyed as Were the people Of ST.
Pierre.
quickly ended st. Pierre and it's peo-
pie, was another one which was always
considered extinct.
Mt. Epomeo. on the island of Ischia,
furnishes another illustration of the
uncertainties of these dread creatures
Of the earth's hidden mysteries. I'll
remained dormant for about seventeen
centuries and then. in 1902, burst forth
with the utmost violence.
In operation volcano emits gases, |
'apors. ashes. boulders and lava.
Sometimes the acids are as destruc- |
tive to life as is the lava and ashes |
The orator of Idjen. volcano in Java, !
turned loose n huge lake of acid water, |
which rushed down the mountain side. |
and the poisonous properties Of the |
liquid caused widespread destruction
among human beings. cattle and birds.
The ashes sent forth by volcano
IN
penetrate house through the smallest
cracks and crevices. They are gener-
ally so hot that the inhalation of the
amount will cause death.
Ashes have been known to fall over
a country covering a radius within 16O
miles OF the volcano from which they
We're discharged. That occurred when
Nesuyius broke loose in 1922
On another occasion, when the Cose-
aruptive in 1885 utter darkness pre-
vailed within circle of thirty.five
miles and eight miles away they COW
cred the ground to Il depth of ten feet
Four days later some of the ashes,
which had been caught in an upper
lir current. fell at Kingston, Jamaica,
100 miles away.
Huge stones have been sent hurting
through space for great distances by
volcanoes in violent activity Many
we're found in the ashes which buried
Pompeii.
y volcano at Antuco, Chile. is said to
lave sent stones thirty-siX miles, and
SOtOpaXi is said to have hurled a 200
on boulder nine miles.
Molten lava can rush down a noun.
ain side at u faster rate than a mile
IN hour.
After it stops flowing a crust will
oim over the top of the bed. which