Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1902-11-30

contemporary Russia, and despite the po-s
itical features of the volume. mere -
every proof Of conscientious purp osse
to render fair Judgment ana put ,r mslues
acquired and inbcrn prejudices. i nere
are one hundred and twenty-one Nus Nus
.trations, chiefly from photographs taken
by the author, and from maps.
THE NEGRO IN AFRICA AND AMER
ICA. BY Joseph Alexander T1ll1ngnast.
M. A. Mcmillan Company. New York.
500 pp. z21 Price, in paper, sl.2o; IN
cloth. $3.50.
This is the May, 1902, Quarterly, publ
cation Of the American Economical Asso-
ciation It's officers are representative
men of leading universities North OF the
Potomac, including Johns Hopkins IN
Baltimore and its membership IS com
posed of elite literary and scientliic men
The imprimatur Of such an assocsntion
challenges the acceptance by thougnt1ui
and intelligent readers of this DOCK as az
bipartisan and an unsectional discussion
Of the subject upon which 1t treats.
The author of the book IS Soutnern
man-in his antecedents, his habits ana
his early education. A native of North
Carolina and graduate of Davidson COL
lege, he has had large and distinguished go
experience for man now barely over %
years of age, as an educator-naV!ie -
cupied the position Of State lnstitu.lol.
in Montana for the education OF the ueal
and Of a government school in Bel1ase'
Ireland. Returning to America, ne mas
prosecuted studies in history and polticai
science as post graduate In Cornell Uni
vcrsity. He has studied the negro ProDiem
in the select literature OF the anolitloh
school in the May Anti-Slavery Collec-
tion," in the library OF Cornell Gntyer-
sity, and in all the literature which Con-
gressional reports during the ascendancy
Of the Republican party has cumulateo
on the shelves Of the library In WASH
ington. But not contenting himself WIN
that, he has made personal STUDY Dy NO.
infrequent visits to his native Southiano.
These opportunities Of information he mas
abundantiy improved. and this book Is the
result of thoughtful and discriminating
study.
The negro in America is the paramount
problem which confronts the men or the
twentieth century The contentious pc
tween labor and capital, about trusts ana
tariffs, are secondary to this 1t matters
nothing whether it be or be not that the
tariff policy of the government has buiit
up and fostered the great trusts when
dominate the monetary and commercial
American world, and whether or not the
emulation Of capital in the hands OF the
few which occasions constant strikes py
few which occasions an slave strikers by
the many. be or not be the occasion or
the present threatening contention be-
tween capital and labor-conceding that
it does not-nevertheless the great Demo
cratic sentiment of the country beleVes
that it does. Beyond all manner OF con-
troversy that policy has been enforced
upon the people of the United States
againsts the protest of a majority OF the
white people, The negro vote mas IN
every sharply contested election since
the adoption of the seventeenth amend
ment Of the United States Constitution
in which the Republican party had sue
ceeded, turned the scale in favor of shat
party in the great States OF New York:
Ohio, Indiana, Illinois. possibly and most
probably of Pennsylvania and many otner
Northern States The politica! aspect
therefore, of the negro in America dces
not wholly affect the States Of the South
in which there was an ante be!ium co.,-
gestion of our negro population, bur equal
" to vast extent every State in the
Union.
The Reconstruction policy of the Re-
publican majorities in Congress was
abundantly successful for very many
years in adding the whole adult negro
male popuation-both North and South
to their voting strength. The direful re-
suits of that policy in every State of the
South are handed down in a truthful his
tory which admits now of no intelligent
| controversy Time has worked to some
no incQnsid cradle extent a cure, but the
aftermath of that history imposes upon
the people OF the whole Union the most
serious problem which has confronted in
all the ages Christian people. The bur
then of it falls most heavily upon US OF the
| South. But the time has come when we
| have not, as in the days of slavery, to
stagger under the incubus Of the negro
alone, not only without sympathy from
| those at home or abroad who imposed him
upon us, but with every cumulation OF
| the burthen which could be suggested in
| the closer political and commercial In
| terests stimulated by a sensitive con-
science.
'CompoundnE for sons we are inclined TO
BY damning those we have no mind to-
The burthen Of the negro was never
| courtcd by our fathers. The policy of
| Great Britain imposed it upon our colo
NAL ancestors. The policy of New Eng
land and our sister States Of the North
| continued the imposition. The Virginia
| Burgesses over and over again sought to
| restrict the slave trade but were always
| obstcucted by the Royal veto. When the
! United States Constitution was formu-
lated in 1887 Virginia and her sister Dor.
| der States struggled for inm edate sup
| preston of the slave trade, but the New
| England States in soledo enforced the
ditional years. No State of the North
ever abolished slavery in its own lands
without affordins ample opportunity and
! invitation to it's people to preserve their
noneyed interest in slaves by selling
| them to the Southern people. Virginia en-
! deavored to protect herself by declaring
F.! that every slave imported from the North
| should be a freeman as soon as he crossed
! her border line. When Lord Mansfield
| pronounced in the Somerset case his judge
! made law that the soil Of the mother
| country was too sacred to bear the foot
prints of slave. the imperial power of
Britain was fostering; the spoiation OF
| Africa and her trident of the seas was
| protecting the middle passage with all its
| real and fancifu inhumanlties. When
New England was cleansing her soil from
| the footprints of slaves, she was selling
them for full value to reluctant Southern
| States. and her marine was busly and
! profitably employed in transferring slaves
| from Africa to the States of the South.
| Not a few of the hereditary fortunes of
Boston and of Newport date back to the
nccpTc of the middle passage, no less
| tran TO the gains of privateering during
! the war with Great Britain in 1S12-'l5,
| when the Hartford Convention was plot
| ting secession from the Union while the
| harbors Of New England seaports were
| thronced with her shipping returning
| home richly laden from depredations on
r- -. ,1n,s fho