The Hawaiian gazette. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, 1902-11-11
FISHES Of
HAWA||'S
WATERS
DR.. Evermann's
Fine Collection
of Them.
Especial 10 the Advertiser)

WASHlNGlDN. OCTOBER 25.-Unlteu
States Consul Haynes. at Rouen,
France sends the following informa-
ton to the State Department regarding
beet root culture and sugar yield in
France:
The culture of beets is one of the
greatest industries of northern France.
The law Of 1884 permitted it to flourish
But at present, the industry is threat
ened. The International Congress
held at Brussels, to the terms of which
France has agreed, will destroy all the
benefits of the law of 1884 Foreign
markets will be closed to French sugar
The only market will be home one
The consumption of sugar in France
at present is annually about $1,000
tons. The production, which is more
than 100000 tons, will be cut down
more than so per cent-that is, the
land utilized for raising beet roots
must be reduced one-half.
Sugar producers and manufacturers
say that the market would be better
IL the heavy taxes upon this aliment
were taken off. If this is done, the
buyer, instead of paying from so to 90
centimes (9.65 to 11.5S cents) the livre
Ill pounds, will find it everywhere
for 25 to 80 centimes (4.S25 to $40
cents)-the only condition, which will
save the culture of the beet root. This
solution is advocated not only by the
agricultural associations in the regions
directly interested, but in all others
The project presented some time ago
by NJ. Caillaux, which will doubtless be
taken up when the Chambers reassem-
BILE in October, provides that all boul-
ties, without any distinction, be sup
pressed that the manufacture of sugar
become the same as that of any other
product; that all accessory taxes be
abolished and that the principal taxes
be reduced from 60 centimes to 40 CEN
times Q1.5S cents to 7.72 cants). Very
few believe, however, that this will be
done.
The Journal Officiel publishes the re-
suits of the sugar harvest ended Sep
TENDER /, 1902. The number of factories
in activity was 1872, and they used
$3.50, 1851, 795 Kilograms (20,614SS7 1867
pounds) of beet roots, against S,717,-
1926 Kilograms Q9,21S, 466, 496
pounds) for 1874 manufactures in 1900
1901. The average for each factory Is
thus shown to be 20, 1925 Kilograms
(62,093,035 pounds), against 26,100,117
(57,54O,318 pounds) for 190O19O1. The
total output of refined sugar has been
LII ,069,922 Kilograms (2,449, 1854, $50
pounds, which Is greater by 18,079,054
Kilograms ((39,S57,0S2 pounds) than
that of the Immediately preceding har-
vest. The yield of refined sugar is
11.SS per cent of beet root against
1888 per cent in 1900-1901.
DR.. Barton w. Evermann, icthyolo-
gist of the United States Fish Commits
sion, is on his way east from San
Francisco with the collection of fishes
made by the Albatross expedition in
the Hawaiian Islands during the past
summer. DR.. Evermann Is spending a
few days with his relatives in Indiana,
and will arrive in this city the last part
of October
The collection he brings with him
contains many new and rare speci-
mems, and there are many specimens
of the species discovered in the eXpe-
dition of last year. Many Of these are
remarkable curiosities, and the color
ing of the entire collection is more
brilliant and more varied than tn t of
the birds of the world combined The
specimens themselves do not retain
their colors in the alcohol in which
they are preserved, but drawings have
been made which show the beautiful
and variegated colorings.
Some of the varieties were found at
the bottom of the sea, at depth at
which any land animal or treshwater
fish would be crushed to death ~ the
pressure of the water. At depth of
four miles the pressure of the wafer
is 5000 pounds to the square inch, and
the Albatross made some discoveries
at that depth. A fish ten foe. long at
that depth would support nearly 5000
tons. The water at that 1eptn is dark
and ice-cold
Many of the fishes have porous
bodies, through which the water
passes, the weight of the water being
thus lessened. Some of them carry
phosphorescent lamps, with which they
search for food. On account of the
expansion of the dir these deep sea
fishes burst near the surface of the
water, and the more delicate speci-
mems especially disiategrote entirely.
Ii is not among these specimens that
the beautiful coloring is found. Below
the light level the color is dark and
but slightly varied. The fact that
many varieties have phosphorescent
light has suggested to the scientists
that there is much phosphorescen;
light at the great depths of the sea
and as all of the fishes have eyes there
Is certainly some use for taem. Exper-
iments with Photographic plates proves
that the sunlight panetrates but a short
distance, so that II must be upon some
other kind OF light, or a new kind OF
X-ray not known TO science, that the
fishes OF great depths depend 4 thou,
sand varieties have been taken below
two miles, and OF these little Is known
since the collection Is so small that
none has been disseoted on account OF
the value aud rarity, Half Of The bed
of the ocean lies below this depth, SC
that science has Wide field for study
Il Is not likely that the larger fshes