davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-08-31


fall has been s1.47 inches.
This table, Which is probably the most
complete eve:. published. shows very
clearly that local geography liis u de ].
cided influence on rainfall a careful
study Of these figures d:sc1oses the fact
that the Pacific coast presents the great
est and least. and what is more remark.
able, these two extremes occur q the
same longitude, and within eight degrees
of latitude. The dryest spot of & which
there are official observations, is at New
man in California where. during twelve
years, there has only been an average OF
IL; inches of precipitation per year. This.
desert spot has a latitude of 81 and
longitude Of 12l. Mammoth Tank, per-
hars named in irony. in California, is
nearly as dry, with only 1.Si inches In
fact, there are a greater number of re-
marka bly, dry stations reported IN Cali
fornia than in any other State. On the
other hand, the greatest Taintails are IN
Oregon. a little place called Gienora
possesses the distinction of having, 1io.Si
inches of rain annually Tor more than.
one-third of an inch every day in the
wear; not, however, that it rams every.
day in the year. The latitude of this
place is T., and the longitude 1s3. Gov
eminent camp. in the same latitude. but
l8nEltu III degrees, 3 - minutes, 10
nearly as wet, with 1856 inches. The
only other tllree-figure rainfall station
is in the State of Washington, al Mean
Bay. where the average for is years is
l224 40 inches A remarkable Illustration
of the influence of the physical character
of locality on rainfall is found in the
fact that at Moxee Valley, only two de-.
g-ees different in longitude and in latl-
titie from, Neah Bay has an annual pre-
cipitation Of only SCI inches.
a very pretty illustration Oh the inf:u-
eflce OF local typography on rainfall IS
to be fca:nd in the records for the island
OF Ascension. which lies IN the son!.:-
east trade winu region. This lsiard con-
sists Of q huge mountain. known as Green
Mountain, and a lowland lying to the
west Of the mountain. 1t Is very rare,
says Professor Cleveland Able. for rain
to fall on the lower part of the island
owing to its position to the leeward OF
the southeast trade winds The latter are
DETECTED up the slope Of the mountain,
and cooling at the summit, abundant
clouds are formed. but no rain falls. On
the other hand the summit of Green
Mountain is enveloped IN clouds, and is
remarkably vefdant. The drip from the
leaves and twigs the mountain top
is carefully preserved for the USE of the
naval garrison at the landing on the lee
ward side of the island.
Iii this same connection. Mr.. Henry
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-08-31

ment, by which the prevailing iline schcu
uIes of German railroads could be very
materially cut down. without putting the
government TO the expense of road-pcd
renewal
Electric practice in this country has
been brought tc regard the ovel'head lroi-~
2cy as weak point and all efiofts at
nigh speed in this country the being mace
BIZ the use of the third rail The third
lail system is about 10 be unilzed on me
Aurora. IElgin and Chicago Railway,
which. il can he said. is the embodi-
mont of up-to-date practice in every
jetail. How long this statement vii!
remain true it is impossible to predict,
as .nodernity to-day may be antiquity to-
morrow and this is particularly true of
electrical engineering. This road opef-
ates on a private road-bed throughout
Its entire length. except. of course al
street crossings. where it is Impossible to
secure the Zee of road-bed and with an
S0-pound Trail Of the latest ard most
approved type laid without heavy grades,
or even curves, there appears to be no
physical feature in the road-bed that
could be greatly improved. The heavy
1n0-pound Trail. which supplies tho
power. is much more effective than the
multiple contact with overhead wires.
Indeed so ideal are the conditions that
st is expected speeds in excess OF a
100 mile hour will easily be MADE
at the trials soon to be conducted. 1T
must not be thought that it is the IN
tention of the officials of this country to
maintain a speed like that mentioned,
but the tests viii! be made simply 10
show that it is possible. 1T is how
ever. expected that a schedule will be
in force calling for a speed superior to
that Of the average well-equipped rail
road.
1t is the intention to run four cars
every fifteen minutes on the section OF
ne line running inc Chicago: and every
half hour on the branch lines to Aurora
and Batavia. The running time for the
S3-niie trip will be 40 minutes for eX-
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-08-31

A bank has been organized at Upper
vile, Fauquer county. and Mr.. Bedford
Glasscock of that county has been cleo
ted president. The bank will be located
at UpperviIle or Rectortown.
Mr.. ]. J. Hurst. of the Baltimore Tele-
phone and Telegraph Company has been
in Loudoun looking to a consolidation OF
all the telephone lines of Loudoun county
which extend into Leesburg. 1t is re-
ported that he has bought the Aide
lime and that he has an option on the
Snickerville Company's line
Mr.. P. 3. Buell., real estate agent OF
Herndon, has sold the Baker residence
in Fairfax county, to Mrs. Elizabeth
Sloan, of Washington. Mrs. sloan and
her sister conduct a fashionable Giris
school in Washington. Mr.. Buell. also
sold the Bradley farm. containing abons
$40 acres and situated in Fairfax county,
to Mr.. j, W.. Seth OF Loudoua.
The Loudoun Electric Light az
Power Ccmpany's plant. of this place,
has been completed and has been eu1E-
ed over to the general manaser. at. l1y-
man Shepherd, of Leesburg, Va
There is much talk concernlnS the Or
ganization of. a broom factory IN Lees
burg. few days will probably bring
forth definite results.
MI. T. f. Mason. contractor of McKees-
port. Tenn, is visiting friends in Lees.
burg and county.
DR.. g. T. Metzger. OF H!llsboro,. who
is conducting drug store in that place.
visited friends in Leesburg this week.
Mr.. o. Rogers. who has the con-
stract5for the construction of the Wash
ington. Baltimore and Annapolis Electric
Railway. is visiting friends IN Leesburg
andgvicinity
ar. Thomas r. Buell.. who is taking
a four years course in mining engineer
at the Columbia University, New
York city. is spending his summer vaca-
ton with his parents, Mr.. and Mrs. P.
B. Buell.. Il of Herndo
Miss Mabel Cline, OF Winchester, has
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-08-31
Notes of Science and Industry.

census has recently been taken OF
Germany's fruit trees. There are sos
fruit trees to every square miles of ter
ritory in the German, Empire. in the fol-
lowing proportions: Plum. 49,; apple,
.51; pear. 49, and cherry, 1O4 There
are about three trees to every inha BIZ
tant
The Germans are ever keen for for
eign trade, and are now teaching the
Chinese language to their commercial
students. While the Chinese langua &C
is Very complicated. it has been sim
plified to a very great degree for the
purpose of commercial business. by sys-
tematically eliminating the unnecessary
aroused interest in the peat beds of Ma
CARA county, n. Y. and it is not improb-
able that these fields wifi be utilized for
the purpose of manufacturing synthetic
rions times to utilize the. deposits. but
they have been unsuccessful, because OF
the more convenient shape Of coal. but
niand for peat fuel.
The German Emperor has decided that
all branche: of the German army will be
equipped with service UNIFORMS or gray
color. The present uniforms will be worn
only for parade purposes;
Lieutenant w. E. Sunord. of the United
states navy. mas ItSiolleu Ills cOlllNlSSlOIi
IN order to accept the place of assistant
curator in the Bureau of Plant Industry
of the Agriculture Department His spe-
cialty will be tropical botany.
The French Minister Or agriculture
has established an office for the public
dissemination of agricultural information
with the idea OF popuiarlzing scientific
agriculture A statue of Pasteur was re-
Gently unveiled at his birth place, Dole,
sJura.
The largest six-masted schooner ever
built is under construction at Quincy.
length OYER an with length af q at the water
of % feet . inches and carrying capa-
city OF 500 tons.
A wood working macn:ne at st. Angus
tine, Fla. is driven. py water flowing
from an artesian we'll. ms Is the only
Instance known of Eower being driven
from a flowing well.
A tunnel under the Thames for the ac-
scormodation of pedestrians has been
recently completed and opened tosthe pub
lie. It is a tube II feet in diameter 1911
feet long with the top 10 feet below
the river level. It is accessible By cleo
trio elevators and a spiral stairway of
iron at either end.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-08-31

The Berlin-zossen high speed electric
traction experiments have been, as al
ready noted, very Disappointing. Failure.
however. was alleged to be due TO the
extremely light character OF the road
bed. and not TO any inherent feature Of
she electric motive power equipment Of
rolling stock. This much is granted. for
Il was one of the conditions laid down
, tor the award OF the prizes. that the re-
quircd speed should be made on the
tracks of the State railways, as they en-
LIST al present in the German Empire. the
idea being to secure some form of equip
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-08-31
SCIENTIFIC MISCELLANY
NOTABLE. RECENT INVENTIONS.
BY NORMAN ]. SMITH,

press trains a new type of car has
been built for this line. which much re-
seInblc the familiar Pullman sleeper.
with compound gothic windows and sash
set in art glass. -.
The ties are OF regulation railroad size.
all cedar. and oak. and the road is gravel
ballastcd for the most part. the remainder
being stone ballast. The power will i,e
furnished from a single generating sta
ton at Batavia. which supplies an alter
mating current at 900 volts to the feeu
line. This curren, is transformed at six
special stations along the line by means
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-08-31

returned home accompanied by her cou-
sin. Miss Grace Cline, of Leespurs.
Misses Rebecca Harrison ana VT Aii.s.
Grayson, OF Leesburg. left Tuesoay %
atteEd a house party to be gwen ps MISS
Belle Harrison. of Wtncheste ,, y d
Mrs=Carey and her daughter. Miss Fan
ME Carey. Of Green Spring Valley. Md.
are the guests OF Mrs. Fairfax Ha L.5
str.
Miss Musa King. of Alexandra, Is Wis
siting Miss Brownie Johnson.
60 Mr. J. r. Rhodes Is visiting IN Atlantic
City. -.
Miss Florence -,ixon left on Saturday
fora weeks visit to Asbury Park,.. y.
Miss Marraret Hammerly has returned
from a visit to friends In Alexandra.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-08-31

the scientific interest that, centered there.
owing to the residence of that versatile
genius, Franklin. records are available
for the past cighty-five Years that IS,
since 1898. with some intcrmission. The
completeness of these records is not
equalled by any other observation sta
ltion in the whole country, though Bos-
ton is a very close second. During these
fcurscore years the average annual rain
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-08-31
Beriin-Zossen High-Speed Electric Road.

Of rotary converters to GOO volts con
tinuous, at which pressure it is fed to
the third rail. The motor-cars are equip
ped with four 1c5-horse-power motors.
making a total of 5oO,horse-rrower for each
Inotor-car.
A table is published in the last issue
of the Monthly Weather Bureau giving
the average annual precipitation at vari-
Gus stations in the United States. This
table, for the most part, based on off
ciai Weather Bureau readings for from
thirty to forty years. In the case of
Philadelphia, however, due, no doubt, to
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-08-31

4 : Es3se
is hauled to accept the testimony OF the .e
officer making the arrest. fine the c :IIt
sprit and send him on his way sorro Wig:
1T has been demonstra ted that It IS en- s
#ceedinsly difficult. especially Tor tue ~ ,
experienced to Judge the rate Q! sl'ese.uE
OF a pa ssing vehicle. = indeed, pu piie 'ss :,
.to prove this point have been proi11ole ~
by associations of artonohlilsts, anu II
no instance have policemen, motor W. fsl !.
Gle operators or even experienced ilan NJ
of stop watches, been able, wlthout tne
aid OF chronometer 10 JUICE o.. .n'
speed of the vehicles in miles per hour
The most ardent Of the motor-balters
are beginning to realize the. necessity OF
relying on something more stable than
the mere opinion CT policeman, VINO
has had limited experience as judge OF
speed and are stationinS speclal OH
ccrs. armed with spit-second watches upon
certain stretches of road 1aScraole 70
sneeding where the rlinions of the law
Ii. III wait for the unwary automobilist.%
If he should exceed even by the fraction
of Il second the speed ordinance of the
particular village, borough or township,
through which he happens TO be trdse.-s
Ing. the fact is sgnalled to another oili-
CO... further along the road. ana me ...'i-s
fortunate is held and eventually ccInpeiied
to contribute to the local treasury. Inere
is an element of injustice in the practice
apart from the mpossibiiity of the auto
nlobilist to keep informed on the aitler-
5cnt speeds allowed in the various towns,
net to mention the utter absence Of signs
indicating boundary lines between town
ship and valla ges. These facts, properly
set forth, particularly to the attention
Of fair-minded people, should result IN
les;slations standardizing the speed
through the entire country. or at least
within state limits. The inability of
Hcaice official to accurately judge the
speed of al automobile has already been
recognized in France. where officers are
stationed at stated intervals along the
more frequented highways. armed with
a camera. of new design made especially
for the determination of speed. The prin-
ciplc of the camera is in some respects
identical with that of a range finder. used
i'll the navies. II has a. double-a citing
shutter which permits of the plate being
twice exposed at a very short interval
The speed of these shutters and the dis
lance of the vehicle from the camera
being known, it a simple matter to ar
rive at the speed of the automobile by
consulting the photograph. on which are
shown two Impressions Of the automobile
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-08-31
Mr, William Harper. of washington. /.

Mr. William Harper. Of washington. Is
in town visiting friends
Miss Jennie Cline has returned home
from a visit to her sister. Mrs. Nor
rison. in Elizabeth City, n. j.
Miss Emma Shafer. who has been
spending the summer with her parents
in Baltimore. has returned to her home
In Leesburg.
Mrs Rebecca Gray and niece. Miss.
Cora Gray. of Winchester. are the guests
of Mrs. Haddie Claggett-
Attorney Charles F. Harrison has re-
turned from Atlantic City.
Col. Robert N. Harper and Mrs. Har-
per are at their summer home near Lees
burg.
Mr.. and Mrs. Carroll Pierce have re-
turned from Fauquier county.
visiting In Atlantic City
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-08-31
AFFAIRS In LOUDOUN
New Bank at Upperville and Bro
Factory for Leesburg.

factory for Leesburg.
Especial Dispatch to The Times.)
LEESBURG. VA. Aug. 29.-Rev. Harry
Lee, of Charlottesville, Va. who has been
here this week in the interest Of the Vir-
gina Female Institute of Staunton.
preached a very able sermon at The Epis-
copalian Church Sunday night. He is the
guest Of DR.. and MIST Edwards.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-08-31
A Defense of the Motorist,

y = SIe@IFSSN ~
It is just barely possible that in the.
war at present being waged by borough
and township authorities upon automo.
hlists. the latter are being victimized.
1t is the invariable practice of the Judge
or magistrate before whom the offender.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1902-08-31

The Gas Turbine.
The value of the steam turbine Is now
practically recognized. These engines
have great compactness, which Is an i'm
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1902-12-18
COLLINS.

r. Klingholtz of Manitowoc was seen
on our streets Friday.
j. Kabat and family spent Sunday
with his parents at Maple Grove.
N. F. G. Stolzman was a Manitowoc
caller Friday.
]. Arends and N. Rineman, two pro-
missing youths Of this town, had the
misfortune of walking home from
Schwalbe's party Sunday night.
A. Schroeder has gone to Colby where
he partakes of the hospitality of his
brother for few days.
The silver wedding at A. Riemers
was well attended by aged people.
Last week brought US a series of
birthday parties, the most notable ones
were at F. Schwalbes, f. Gother and
Ct. Valesker.
In the near future the Niles young
mems club will favor us with play
entitled the, "Moonshiners Daughter, y
which is thought to be u poor selection
for temperance people.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1902-12-18
For Boys

magnificent line of the latest styles in clothing that will
compare favOaby in quality and prices with that from anywe
in This country The recent reduction prices of all the cOng
for Men and Boys OyercOatS Suits and PaatS unusual fO
this season of the year. But what loss your gain and you
will be wise to take advantage of these low prices
Our shoes for Men and Boys are all new none old stock of
the latest style and of the best makes Here all shapes heavy
weight light weight we'll fine qualities Rubbers orshOes
rubber boots heavy stockings etc
Underwear in very conceivable quality and price, we'll
gloves mtenS caps and furnishings of all kinds to complete
full outfit for the largest and the smallest boy.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1902-12-18
BRILLION.

Will Harris has been appointed assis'
! tant at the depot
A Behnke transacted business at
Manitowoc last week
Miss Olive McAllister visited friends
in the CITY last week.
DIR. Luhman has left Collins to take
up D. actice in Manitowec.
Mrs. J. A. Smith visited relatives at
Chiffon few days last week.
Gotlieb Tscbantz and John Schaeifer
have returned from Eland Jet.
Chas. Tesch transacted business at
Fond dn Lac the fore part of last week.
Mrs. M. Walsh visited at Chiffon last
week
Will M .ertz made business trip to
Valders last week.
Mrs. Frank Seidl entertained lady
friends a week ago on Tuesday evening
O to Lerche has been named as ad
ministrator of the Schneider estate.
Will Harris has resigned his position
az book keeper at the Union Lime Co
Mrs. Jos. Schulz of Sheboygan was
the guest of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Arends
and other relatives last week.
Kuehl 81 Bruss have shipped four car
loads of clover seed to Milwaukee. Mr..
Kuehl says that they are paying highest
market prices for seed
Louis Mueller of Reedsville announ-
ces a dance to take place at his hall on
Friday evening Dec. 26, 1902, The
Brillion city band will furnish the music
and good time Is promised.
The Pastime Cinch club was organ
lied last Wednesday evening 1t VIII
be composed Of married people VINO
will engage in cinch at Odd Fellows
hall ON every 1st and Sd Wednesday
during the win,4f.
A grand pail will be given by the
Reedsyille Jolly Seven at Schnltzs nall
Friday eve, Dec. 10, 1902. Good music
haa been engaged for this special occa-
sion, and supper will be served. All
are requested to attend.
Four sleigh loads of Brillion people
partook of landlord Looses hospitality
at Potters last Saturday evening. Dan
cling was also INDUCED in. Mr.. Looses
place is a popular resort of Brillion
sleighing parties during the winter.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1902-12-18
KASSON
,--SoTIS THe 6AkiEe POWDER THUS1---
itmakss pure food.

Miss Lena Bohman has gone to Chi
cago. #gft
Miss Hattie Hickey is visiting rela
tiyes at Galesburg. Wis.
James Brennan Of Iron Mountain re-
turned to his home at Morrison.
The Ormsby Lime Co have begun
camp life on the Rusch estate in Maple
Grove.
Oswald Radloff and Jacob Lintner Jr.
have left for Milwaukee TO seek their
fortune.
John Boldt is the happy father OF
bouncing baby boy which arrived at his
home lately.
Henry Laflisch Of N Dakota is visit
ing with his mother Mrs. II. Cafiisch OF
this place.
The Geise- Henrichs Threshing outfit
has dissolved partnership, Hereafter
the firm will be c. Henrichs only.
NJ. Mullins and Mrs. J. +. Toomey
visited their father, James Mullins, at
Green Bay last week.
A large number from here attended
the funeral of NJ Mullins at Maple
Grove last Monday. Mr.. Mullins resi-
ded at Manitowoc.
The jingle Of merry sleigh bells may
now be heard, and reminds US that old
winter has again visited us and envelo
ped the earth with its spotless mantle
of white
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1902-12-18
EASTWIN.

Louis Schmidt of Superior was visi-
tor here last week.
Lawyer Arnold Of Milwaukee was II
welcome caller at Eastwin Monday.
The ANIMAL Christmas ball will take
place at Eastwin hall Friday Dec. 26tb
Otto Schmidt was here last week and
gave William ZandeI pleasant call
Mrs. Christ Johannes IL spending u
few weeks with her daughter, Mrs.
Fred Kappleman and taking care Of the
grandson who arrived there last Sunday,
The fifty-third birthday Of Mrs. Henry
Wilke was celebrated by a large circle
of relatives and friends last Friday
afternoon and evening, and many were
the good wi - and congratulations
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1902-12-18
WORKING IN THE DARK.
DhcOmforts of Mining Before the In
vention of a Lamp Suitable for
Underground Use.

The difficulties under which coal
mining operations were carried on be-
fore the scientist Davy had invented
his safety lamp must have been very
great. In many mines the only al
tentative the medieval miner had to
pitch darkness was the phosphores-
cent CLEAN from dried fish. The min
er's implements, originally of stone
or hard oak, gradually improved; but
he was forced to work in almost com
plete darkness until Sir Humphrey
Davy by his remarkable invention en-
abled him to light his way through
the tunnels he had exeavated with
comparative safety, says n mining
journal.
Agricola, an author who wrote
about the middle of the sixteenth cen
fury, has left an elaborate treatise on
coal mining MS 1t was practiced during
the middle ages. From this we learn
that the horsegjn, which survives to
the present day In some Of the mining
districts Of Great Britain and north
ern Europe, was the engine chiefly
employed both for lifting the coal and
Tor getting rid of the water. This lat.
ter object was also sometimes effected
by means Of pumps turned by wind.
mills or by tunnels driven with great
labor to an outlet at lower level.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1902-12-18
ALL"OVER MANITOWOC COUNTY
REEDSVlLLE.

Ed Raddel of Manitowoc was in town
Sunday.
Miss Katie Doolan of Collins visited
here Sunday.
Miss Nellie Cronin visited at Maple
Grove Saturday.
Martin Kruger returned from Green
wood Thursday.
Mr.. and Mr.. Chas. Geiger of Brillion
visited here Sunday.
F. G. Maertz of Manitowoc spent
Sunday here with his family.
Mrs. Francis Seidl ani Miss Winnie
Meany spent Sunday at Manitowoc.
The Jolly Seven club ale going to
give dance at Schultzs hall Friday
evening
Messrs. and Mesdames McComb and
McMulleu of Brillion spent Sunday here
with DIR. Falge and family.
Our school is going to have a cores
pondent to the paper, edited by TIE
pupils of the Second ward high school
ut Manitowoc.
The following programme will be
presented by the school children Dec.
%, 1902
song '''''''''''' ny ''"'o'
Essay .............,.'..'.'''' hshoe ooonoy
Recitation. .......... Carrie schees
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1902-12-18
NEW RAILWAY OPENED TO THE
INDIAN COUNTRY.

1t Ia announced that the extension Of
the verdigre branch Of the North
Western Line 10 Bonesteel s. d., ON
the edge Of the Rosebud Indian Reser
walton, Is now open for traffic. Part Of
the Rosebud lands are to be opened for
settlement next spring and 1t IL expected
there will be tremendous rush into
this country now that the new railway
IL bnilt The line passes through some
Of the richest grazing lands in the
word tn. Rosebud lands themselves
are known for their value in this regard
and doubtless the opening Of this public
land will attact large crowds from MI
over the country.