Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1902-07-19
attistetMneults 8eading.
UTILITY OF BY-PRODUCTS.
Important Industrial Discoveries
Described In Census Bulletin.

Important Industrial Discoveries
Described In Census Bulletin.
An important paper dealing with the
utilization of wastes and by-products
in manufactures and showing the great
strides that have! been made in this
branch of industry during the past dec
ade, will soon be issued by the manu-
lfactures division of the census bureau.
The report was prepared by Henry G..
Kittredge, of Boston, well-known ex-
pert in manufacturing processes.
The paper is not in the nature Of a
statistical report; but it covers q sub
ject so intimately related to the devel-
opment of the manufacturing indus
tries of the country and regarding
which so little Is known by the general
public, that the officials Of the census
bureau deemed it desirable to publish
it in connection with census Of manu-
factures.
While methods and processes for util-
izing wastes and by-products have been
constantly developed for many years
past, it appears from Mr.. Kittredge's
report that the advances made In this
direction during the last decade have
been particularly notable and advanta-
geous in the economy Of manufacture
ing.
Chief Statistician North says in his
letter of transmittal to the director Of
the census, that while it Is impossible
to measure statistically the addition to
the wealth of the country created by
turning to some useful purpose the res
idues and by-products which were for
merly thrown away or left to rot, the
material thus preserved and turned to
some useful account is enormous, and
in every instance cited in the repcr.
this utilization has resulted in def
mite cheapening of the cost Of the pro-
ducts to the consumers. Mr.. North
says:
THE subject is one that Is vitality as
sociated with the progress Of every In
dustry and inseparably connected with
the development and prosperity of ev-
gagged the time and attention of the
chemist and melted the ingenuity of
the inventor and the skill Of the artisan
to effect economies and reveal new
utilities. No branch of science has
been appealed to and relied upon so
persistently as chemistry"
Mr.. North says it would be assuming
too much to declare that the profitable
employment Of wastes in manufactur-
ing has approximated the highest point
to which science Is capable Of carryin 3
lit
This point will probably never be
reached and further developments must
be exepected." hesays. "even to the, sx-
tent of converting by-products into the
main product of an industry. This re-
version is exempted in notable instan-
ces with the last decades of the nine
teenth century, the most conspicuous
OF which is to be seen in the revelations
OF coal tar and the highly developed
utilization of it's many by-products.
What has taken place within the
last 100 years must be accepted more as
a forerunner, a prelude, Of what is to
come in the arts Of manufacturing by
the employment of materials now held
in low estimation as contributory to a
thigh standard Of manufacture"
Mr.. Kittredge says that while the
choicest perfumes placed on the mar
ket are made from oils and ethers. ex-
tracted from flowers, there are many
others which are artificially made out
Of bad-smelling elements.
The fusel oil obtained in the distilla-
ton of spirits has an odor that Is pecu-
liarly disagreeable, yet it Is used after
treatment with proper acid and oxi-
dizing agents in making the oil Of ap-
Piles and the oil Of pears; and. in addi-
ton, the oil Of grapes and the oil of
cognac are little more than fusel oil di-
luted.
Oil of pineapple Is best made by the
action of putrid cheese on sugar or by
distiling rancid butter with alcohol
and sulphuric acid.
One of the most popular perfumes
has for one of its essential ingredients
material which is obtained from the
DRAWINGS of cow houses and Is also OBJ
tained from one Of the products of gas
tar, out of which is also to be obtained
the oil of bitter almonds, which is so
largely used in the manufacture Of per-
fumed soaps and confectionery.
The refuse of cities throughout the
civilized world is now generally collect
and in many instances it is in addition
utilized to good advantages for indus
trial purposes. Formerly this refuse
was simply accumulated and was dis
posed of by burning it or casting into
streams or on waste land.
Now, bones glass, rags, iron, paper
and other articles are separately COL
lected and sold. Old tin cans are used
for the recovery of the solder, for the
recovery of the tin, and for remelting
i'm the manufacture Of steel or iron.
The waste heat from furnaces, into
which the innamable material is
thrown, may he utilized for steam pur-
poses in operating engines for electric
lighting and power. AS an instance of
this, the city of Glasgow. Scotland, OBJ
tains waste heat from such furnaces
equivalent to nearly Y,0OO-horse power
per day Of ten hours, for manufacture
ing purposes.
The food wastes of New York city are
disposed of by a process which Is,
hripnv steau DIGESTION and Separati ton