davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Monte Vista journal., 1902-10-04
Notice Of Application 70 lease State lands.

Oifrc al The state Board OF Land
Commissioners.
Denver. Colorado, sept. il, lNf2
Notice. l. hereby given thar Addic L. Whitney
whose pO-iUfficc addr'..si- Monte Vista. Colo.
on Aug ~ iap. ipnde application No 2s51 y
the Stntc Hoard NJ Land Commissioners ~
icnse the following described School lands.
sifinfe Ia Rio Grande county. Colorado
10 wit.
a. of seq aud T. =, Of 4 e., OF = W =,
Section hi. Twp. b \ KRngc K.
No other applications to lease The above de-
-crihsT premises or objections axxinst the
above application will be cOnside rrd after the
Inst publication hereof
Date ot Inst publication Oct ~ lsc
JOHS T. JoYCe,
Register State Board Land Commissioners
The Monte Vista journal., 1902-10-04
Notice o. Application to Lease State IAuds
once of III. state Beard of Inni

phcc Of the state Hoard OF Land !
Commissioners.
Denver, Colorado. s-pt-uh.r -. ist.
Notice Is hereby given that Mari s.yffi-i.
who's. I,o-toffce address j. Dci >orsr. Colo
radio. On September 10. iisS.. made application
No. - To the state beard ct Land ,ommi.
-ioDer- to lease IN" follo~ins described .chnol
and Internal Improvement lands. situate IA
saguHsbr county. Colorado. to Wit
81 quarter Of \ u quarter. : quarter and
: " halt Of = " guarter section ~ l. quarter
section u, township ~ y. ranr. l..
No other applications To lease the a,o,.
ae- rib.t premises or objection. against the
above application viii hc considered amer the
last publication h.r-nt
Dat" of ia.t publication ocioh.r =. ii..
JouN r. Joi,k-
Register Stale Board Land Commissioners.
The Monte Vista journal., 1902-10-04

Clarence and Miss lula Car
penter returned home Tuesday
from a seven weeks visit in Okla
bona and Indian territory
The Monte Vista journal., 1902-10-04
The Several Candidates.


The popnlist candidate, for state
senator, Jesse NJ. Warden of Sa.
guache county. has had one term
In the lower honse and filed the
position with credl, to himself and
to the satisfaction of his county.
He was not nm aspilant for the
nomination and his name was nut
mentioned until IT appeared IN the
Center Dispatch last week
The mere mention of his name
WAS seconded by his ncighbors and
a large part of the voters of his
county without regard to party,
and was the unauimous choice of
the Sagnachc delegation.
Mr.. Warden is an old resident
of the valley, of sterling integrity.
and has been a success IN all his
business undertakings. Such n
man will command the vote Of
every independent voter IN his own
county and many party men will
look beyond the party brand which
candidate may wear and support
the man for what he Is known to
he.
Mr.. Warden Is really man of
the people and was not selected
by any trade and dicker. which Is
n curse to old party conventions
FOR REPRESENTATIVE
II. \. Chisholm the populist can.
didate for representative is well
known bv almost every man in the
county, having served as clerk two
terms and once III the general as
sembly. As legislator he made,
to say the least. an average NOM
her. was always al his post and II
hard worker IN the committees.
where all the important work IL
done. He is not an orator, bnt n
conscientious man who is never ap
proachable by boodlcrs. Mr. Chs
holm was first nominated by the
democrats without any consul,a-
ton with the populists as to their
wishes and hence the taint of fusion
does not rest upon him or the
peoples party. II reelected Mr..
Chisholm will he better equipped
for the duties of his Office than
when first elected.
So far as the candidates of the
democrat and republican parties
are concerned we will leave 1t to
their own party organs TO sound
their praises this week. Later We
may have somctningio say.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
LUMBER DEAL|DANCER OVER
pgsES.a
Complete Transfer McCoud Des Mones River Begins to
Region in California. Recede
MORE THAN lis 900 ACRES CRITICAL TIME PASSES
CRITICAL TIME PASSES
Coon River, However, is Still Rising
and Is Making Much Trouble in the
Factory District - Railroad Bridge.
Is Entirely Gone.

Des Moines, July 10.-(SpeciaD-At
noon the critical stage in the Des
Moines river passed and the waters
commenced to recede. Heroic work on
the levees saved most of the residents
in the district along the Des Moines
river in the north part of the city, but
along the Coon river and along the Des
Moines river below the junction the
stream is nearly mile wide. Hun.
dreds of people We're drived from their
homes during the night and early this
morning. They were rescued in boats
The levee broke in several places re
sulting In great property damage. AL
of the Great Western bridges are gone
The factory district along the Coon
river is partially inundated and the
breaking of the levee which is immi.
fnent will ruin all. The Coon river is
still rising and it is expected to soon
close down the waterworks.
River Falling at Des' Moines.
Des Moines, July 1O.-(By Associat.
ed Press. AT 10 o'clock the Des
Moines river had ceased to rise and by
noon it had receded three inches
Heroic work on the levees in North
Des Moines repaired the breaks and
saved many valuable residences. Ra
coon river has continued to rise and
spread out over an enormous territory
At noon it had invaded factory of the
district and nothing, but the roof OF
the Keith Furnace Factory and McCor
mack Manufacturing Co. could be
seen. Thousands of dollars worth Of
machinery is destroyed.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
Davenport Merchants Make
Move for State Association.
0TTUMWAN LIKES IDEA
One Of the Largest Local Merchants
Says it Would be Good Thing and
Others Doubtless Asree-Witi Pro-
badly Meet Soon at Cedar Rapids.

Davenport, July 10.-(SpeciaD- The
Merchants association of Davenport
has initiated a movement for the for
nation of state association for mu-
tual benefit. Secretary Bunker, of
Davenport, will call meeting, prob.
ably in Cedar Rapids, soon.
Although the merchants of this city
have heard nothing of this matter be
fore, it is not unlikely that they, OF
the great majority will take to it rath
er kindly. There are several
things, according to one of Ottnmwa's
prominent merchants, who was ap
preached with regard to the matter to
day, that make it hard for the retail
men to understand each other. and an
association will no doubt do its part
toward removing these difficulties
Premiums, for instance, are a hug beal
to some, and as the practice of giving
premiums is growing with almost
alarming rapidity, it is very probable
that those who are at the head Of
the state association movement have
this matter in mind.
The state association will be help
full. also, in collecting accounts. and
Will have all The ADVANTAGES afforded
by a local association, with the added
virtue of covering more territory II
Is very probable that great number
of Ottumwa's live merchants will be
represented when the meeting is call
ed for the organization of the asso
citation.
Ottumwa has no local INGREDIENTS
association, although there hasl beer
considerable agitation at different
times toward the organization of, one
The clerks union. though it does no
meet with disfavor among the create
majority of the merchants. is makins
| 1t necessary by its growth. som,
think. for the merchants themselves Il
organize. n,
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
Answer Concerning Philip
pine Friars Received.
TO PROVIDE ARBITERs
To Use all His Influence for Pacifica.
tion Of the IsIands-To Arrange for
Indemnity for Ecclesiastical Proper
ty Used During the War.

Washington, July 10.-A cablegram
has been received at the war depart
ment from Gov. Taft transmitting the
reply of the vatican to the proposals
of the United States government and
abstract cabled to the Associated
Press last night contains all the essen
tial features. &
Natfcan's Answer.
The answer of the vatican is compil
led In the ordersof Judge Taft's note o.
July and is as follows:
The contract which the vatican pro
poses be signed by both parties com
prises twelve articles.
The first article says the Philippine
government is to buy the lands of foul
religious order, the holy see acting as
intermediary.
f. The second describes what agricul
tural lands are to be bought.
The third says if some of the lands
be possessed by corporations the
ffriars will sell their share.
I. The fourth establishes tribunal Of
larbiters to be composed of five mem
hers, two of whom are to be chosen J
the. Vatican, two by the Philippine
government, the fifth member by the
other four. In case of disagreement
as to the fifth member, he be chosen ir
common accord by the pope and Roose
Eyelt
The fifth provides the work of this
arbiters will begin January 1, 1908
The sixth refers to title deeds; thai
| these be transferred to the Philippine
government.
The seventh provides that paymen
be made in Mexican dollars in the pc
Eiod of time proposed by Taft in hi:
note of July 3. the interest during the
period of payment accruing at 4 pei
cent.
Article eight deals with the transfer
| to the church of the ancient crown
f'lands with the ecclesiastical building!
on them.
o The ninth proposes an amicable &C
cord in the matter of existing charita
tble Or educational trusts in dispute. l,
the event of failing to agree, recours,
4 be had to the same arbiters.
| The tenth provides for arbitration
;as to indemnity of the United State!
for ecclesiastical buildings used dur
ing the war in the Philippines.
The eleventh, that expenses of ;
tribunal of arbiters be paid by tn
Philippine government
The twelfth, that the holy see in tn
sphere of action which is in its compe
Etence shall use all it's influence for pa
lcification of the Philippine islands il
/ favor of their adhesion to established
government. 1t shall prevent all pc
,litical opposition on the part of th
clergy, both regular and secular.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
PRICE J !. FOR
ROBBERS
CAPTURE
Agency City Council Offer
$loo Reward for secur-
ing ofsThief:
HOUNDS PUT ON TRAIL
Inhabitants Greatly Excited Over
Reoents Attempts at Holdups.
PROTECTIVE ASSOCIATION 10 MEET
Inhabitants Greatly Excited Over
,Recents Attempts at Holdups.
PROTECTIVE ASSOCIATION TO. MEET
-Four Homes Entered Within the Last
Few Weeks-citizens Intent on
Bringing Offender to Punishment
Will Leave No Stone unturned.

Agency, July Observation-Disclosures
reward has been offered by the city
council for the arrest. and conviction of
the party or parties connected with
the robbery of the. Wing home on
Tuesday night, or the participants in
any Iof the thefts that have been COM
mfted in this city during the past few
weeks. ts''t3alf
The bloodhoHnds from Ottumwa ar.
rived in this city late yesterday and
were put on the trail of the robbers
Following this to the steam shovel
camp, the hounds singled out two
men. No arrests have as yet been
made, as it is thought the evidence in
the case at the present time lis not
sufficient to warrant such action. = y
Citizens Excited.
The people of this locality are
worked up to white heat over the
continued robDeries and every effort is
to be made to effect the capture of the
guilty ones. The Agency Protective
Association will hold meeting at
O'Clock Saturday afternoon, at which
time some action will be taken to
put a stop to thea Continued tnefts,
with which thes COMMUNITY has been
annoyed for the past few weeks.
Four ATTEMPTS Made.
During the past few weeks there
have been four attempts made upon
four different y homes by some un.
known party or parties for the evi.
dent purpose of committing robbery
These attempts have been made in
various parts of the city and in some
of the cases the culprit succeeded, in
getting away with small booty. Mrs
David Sautbine, A. E.. Brainard, Miss
Lottie Carman and last, Mrsss Nj. J.
Wing have been the Objects Of these
attempts Little safety Isl felt by
many of the people Of this place and
they have become aroused in this
matter to such an extent that thsy
have determined if possible to seek
out and punish the offender.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
MORE THAN $4,000 ACRES
Comes Into Possession of Iowa and
Wisconsin Lumber companies-Bis
Mills Are Said to Have Capacity
of 100000 Feet Per Day.

Ashland, Ore, July 10.-The nego-
tiations for the sale of Scott & Van
Arsdale Lumber Co.'S property in the
McCloud region in Siskiyou county,
CAL, are completed, the purchase
price being $3.OOO,O0O. The purchasers
are the Carpenter Land Co., Dubuque,
Iowa; Hixon Sash & Door Co., Merrill,
Wis; Curtis Bros, Clinton, Iowa; Wal
ter w. Alexander and Stewart Bros.
Wausau, Wis. This property includes
besides 115,000 acres of timber land
along the McCloud river railroad, the
McCloud River Lumber Co., the Syski-
you Lumber Co., the v. S. Yskiyou
Lumber & Mercantine Co. The mills
connected with the enterprise cut
about 100000 feet of lumber per day.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
PHILLIP HOFFMAN DIES.
Heart Failure Takes Off Old Mahaska
County Resident.

Oskaloosa, July 1O.-(SpeciaD--
Phillip Hoffman. father of the Hoff-
man brothers of the Oskaloosa Herald
died suddenly at o'clock this morn
ing at his home in this $city from an
attach of heart failure. The deceased
had reached an advanced, age. He
came to this city at an early day and
was one of the oldest residents of Ma
haska county. His family is prostrat.
ed with grief over his sudden death
and the people of this community by
whom he was most highly esteemed
and respected deeply mourn his sud
den demise. 80
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
FINALS AT HENLEY.
Leander Rowing Club Beaten Length
and Half.

81 r.
Henley, July 10.-In the finals. for
the, grand challenge cup the Third
Trinity of Cambridge beat the Leander
Rowing club by length and a half;
time 1917. In the finals of the dia-
mond skulls, F. 8. Kelley of Balliel col
'lege at Oxford beat Etherington-Smith
of the Leander rowing club by two and
a half lengths; time S:59. a
The final heat for the Wyfold chal-
lenge cup resulted in the Burton Row
ing club beating the Kingston Rowing
club. In the final heat of the ladies
challenge cup the University college
Oxford, beat Eton by half length. In
the final of the stewards challenge cup
the Third Trinity of Cambridge beat
the Leander Rowing club eight
lengths. In the Thames challenge
Trinity Hall, Cambridge, beat the Roy,
al School Of Mines two and one-half
lengths. psf
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10

small bridges are out and many busi-
ness Easements are flooded, resulting
in great damage to stock, as the result
of the heavy rains. The Cedar river
had but just receded after having ov-
ertlowed last Saturday with great dam
age to property Many families were
compelled to move from their homes
and scores of city blocks are still COW
cred with mud and water. The river
is rising again and it is feared that it
will again overflow The rainfall since
July / has been 5.4 inches. The rail-
roads in this vicinity have not suffer
ed. Crops have been damaged much
and farmers say their hay and small
grain will be ruined unless period of
fine settled weather comes at once.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
BAPTIsTs MEET.
Ten Thousand Young People Hold An
nual Convention.

Providence, R. l., July 10.-Delegates
were present from every state and ter
ritory in the United States, Canada and
Mexico when the Baptist Young Peo-
pies Union of America met in annual
convention here today. Nearly 10000
delegates congregated in Infantry hall
and at the First Baptist church for the
opening praise service. The conven-
tion, which will continue until Satur-
day, was formally opened by President
Chapman, of Chicago. A program of
unusual interest will take place.
Among those scheduled to take part
are DR.. H. r Perry, of Chicago and
Rev. J. w. Weddell of Davenport.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
CROSSED WIRES CAUSE DEATH.
chas. klotz, Lneman, Instantly
Killed in Fl. Dodge.

Ft. Dodge, July 10.-Charles Klotz,
lineman for the Fort Dodge Light &
Power company, was electrocuted
while at work on a pole twenty feet
above the ground. The wires were
crossed and Klotz grasped charged
guy wire, which sent current of 1.10O
volts through his body. Death was in
|stantaneous.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
WILL BE FoRcIBLY CLOSED.
French Religious Orders Must Comply
With [ ANS -,

Paris, July 10.-Premier Combes has
instructed the projects of all depart.
ments to notify the religious. orders.
which have not complied with the law
of associations, that unless thag dis.
solved within week their estabh.h.
ments will be forcibly closed. Two
thousand establishments are involved
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
ioWAN is NAMED.

W. NJ. Beardshear Elected Officer OF
National Educational Association.
Minneapolis, Mimi, July 10.-The
National Educational association to.
day elected the following officers:
President, Charles W. Elliott, presi.
dent of Harvard college: treasurer, w
N Davidson, of Kansas. Among the
vice-rresident are w. NJ. Beardshear
OF Iowa, o. T. Bright of Illinois, and
j. B. Pearcy, of Indiana.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
BLOOD WILL FLOW.
Another Battle Expected Shortly at
Barcelona, Venezuela.

Washington, July 10.-The state de-
partment has received a cablegram
from Minister Bowen at Caracas say
ing: The president has arrived a,
Barcelona to attack the enemy there
instead of waiting here to be attack
ed
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
BE CROWNED AUGUST 9.

This IS the Date Said to Have Been
Agreed Upon.
London, July 10.-It is said on good
authority that subject to the approval
of the kings physicians the coronation
will occur August 8.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
MARROW ESCAPE FOR QUEEN.
Decorations Across Lana!,aan Place
Torn Down hx Rain

London. July 1O.-shortly7 after
Queen Alexandra passed on her way
to open the coronation bazaar. the
decorations across Langham Place,
heavy and sodden with rain, were
caught in a squall of rain and fell
dragging down a moss of coping from
the top of All Souls church. Miss
Streathy, believed to be Canadian,
was killed and several persons. injur-
red
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
FALLING WALLS KILL FIVE.

Firemen Lose Lives While Fighting
Toronto Fire.
Toronto, Ont, July 1O.--Five fire
men We're killed by falling walls in a
fire which destroyed the old street car
stables on Front and George streets
and the warehouse of Gadsby & Nc
Cam. The dead are:
DAVID SEE.
HARRY CLARK. ...Sp
ADAM KERR. III III
WALTER COLLARD.
RUSSELL.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
ONE MAN FATALLY BURNED.
Others Seriously Injured by MoIter

Metal at Homestead Steel Works.
Pittsburg, July 10.-Fifteen men
We're burned, one fatally and eight ser.
iously, at the Homestead Steel works
at noon today. A ladle filed with
molten metal was being lowered into
pit when the drum crane broke and
the seething metal was thrown over
the unfortunate men.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
THEFL00D|SA[ ARM|NG
FLOOD is COMING.

With the water in the Mones river twentyone
above low water mark capital city breaking through
and flooding many portions city, sweeping
down the valley causing
and F Dodge reports that the flood still
From the Indications the water may
rous to the people living
cnity
South Des Moines practically
of the city the damage already many
thousands of dollars.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
DIR. BEARDsHEAR in HOSPITAL.

NERVOUS ProstratIonl Strikes Down
President of Iowa State College.
Minneapolis. Minn.,,.Jul y1O.-Presi-
dent w. M. Beardshear of the National
Educational association was taken to
the hospital suffering from an attack
Of nervous prostration.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
KILLED IN BLAST.
Man and Boy Lose Lives in Saw Mill
Explosion.

Beattiyille, KY, July 10.-R. D.. OIL
niger and a boy named Combs were
killed and Bony Pritchard, was fatally
injured by. the explosion of the boilers
in Ollinger's saw mill near Beattiville
today. The, mill was demolished.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
VETERANS OF .2oTH Iowa MEET.
Session of Executives Held This After.
noon in Davenport.

Davenport. July 10.4 The executive
committee of the Twentieth Iowa Vet
eran association met in Davenport this
afternoon. j.. H. Wilson of Malcom,
is president of the association, and is
here to preside at the meeting. w. ].
Johnson Of the same place4is secre-
tary.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
MEET DEATH in FLOOD.

Two Persons Killed in Terrific Storm
Near. Waseoa, MINI.
st. Paul, July 10.-As result of the
terrific storm south and west of Wa,
SEGA, Mimi, two members of the fam
lily of Adam Bishman. sJr.. were killed.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
HEAT KILLS FOUR.
Showers Today Break Torrid Wave in
Pittsburg.

Pittsburg, July 10.-Showers today
have broken the not wave. Four fatal
tiles and eleven prostratlon1 1--we been
since yesterday
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
KILLED IN RUNAWAY.
Business Man Loses Life in Missol,Ia.
Montana.

Missoula, Mont. July 1O.-Geo. Row.
an, northwestern manager for the
Swift Packing Co., was killed in run
away here today.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
HAVOC IN NEBRASKA.
Many Bridges Washed Out and Crops
Damaged. by Floods.

Lincoln, Neb., July 10.-Heavy and
continuous rains Rave swollen almost
every stream in Nebraska into rag
ing torrent. Low lands are flooded,
bridges washed out by the-hundreds,
and crops damaged irreparably.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
KING is IMPROVING.

His Majesty's Condition Is Reported
to Be Most Satisfactory.
London, July 10.-The kings condi-
ton continues to be satisfactory.
Ottumwa semi-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1899-1903, 1902-07-10
LAWRENCE WILL TAKE LIBRARY.
The Council Decides to Accept Car
nese's offeriof $4,000.

Lawrence, KAN, July 10.-The city
council has accepted the offer of An
drew Carnegie of aF$25.O 900 library
building for Lawrence the usual
conditions.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1902-04-23
A LEGACY OF THE GRIP

is often rum down system. Weak
ness nervousness, lack of appetite,
energy and ambition, with disordered
liver and kidneys often follow an at
tack of this wretehed disease. The
greatest need then is Electric Bltters.
the splendid tonic blood purifier and
regulator Of Stomach, Liver and Kid
neys' Thousands have proved that
they wonderfully strengthen the
nerves, build up the system and restore
to health and good spirits after an at
tack of Grip. II suffering, try them.
Only SOC. Perfect satisfaction guar
anteed BY Chas. Rogers.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1902-04-23
BREAKING RINGS.

We want to break the ring" said .
prominent partisan citizen" yes
terday. Ring rule is dangerous to
the county. and while we have no
specific charges to make against Re
publicans for the past few years, yet
the old ring used to squander the pub
lie money and We wish to break IL"
This was said by most enthusiastic
Democrat He does not believe in
rings. in fact. he does not believe in
anything that Is Republican. He call
ed II the "old Republican ring. that is
among the ancient things in the his
tory of the county. Public buildings
upon which he charges large sums OF
money were squandered by the ring"
are now moss-covered and the details
are forgotten by all, save the old AN
drew Jacksons," who are still harping
on the old hobby. But the "non-par-
tisans" must have something to harp
on. Democratic platforms being things
Of the past they must talk Of the
past The present and future must