The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1902-07-29

through the printing press. in farmers
institutes. in the counting room. in the
workshop.am the whirl OF many voiccl
OF 1407. under Amadas and Barlowe
70 know things, the new teacher not only
teaches us TO know things. but TO think
out and TO do things.
The influences which have combined TO
arouse our people TO a realization OF the
value OF the present and OF the potential
titles Of the future have also opened
their eyes and understanding TO the
significance and the glory OF our past.
a great nation will not live in its past.
but it Will reverence ii and seek to per
petuate in enduring form whatever is
great. inspiring and good in il. There
is no more encouraging sign in North
Carolina today than the widespread and
rapidly growing interest in the great
historical events and incidents OF our
early history, the achievements and
heroic deeds of our ancestors, and the
lives of our great men. 1t is a history.
which in heroic deed and achievement.
does not suffer by comparison with that
of any State in the Union. but it is q
history little known, either at home or
abroad. and which il is our imperative
duty to reclaim from the mist OF time
and set clearly before the world.
The story of Roanoke Island, Of Meek
lenburg, of Alamance, Of Moore's Creek,
of Guilford Courthouse, and of Kings
Mountain should be as familiar to every
man, woman and child in the State as
is the story of Lexington. OF Bunker
Hill, and Yorktown. The spots where
these great and stirring events took place
should become the property of the State.
should be made attractive by parks.
memorials and monuments, and should
become so many MeccaS Of annual pill
grimage, assemblage and celebration. AL
of these great events are of national
Importance and one of them at least (the
one we have met here to c~elebrat) is
Of international interest, especially to all
English-Speaking people. The landing
upon this island of the colonists sent out
by Sir Walter Raleigh during the years
between 15S4-'S7 and the birth upon this
island on the 18th of August, 1887, Of
Virginia Dare is the opening chapter in
the history Of the settlement Of America
by the Anglo-Saxon.
Undoubtedly Sir Walter Raleigh is the
father Of English colonization. Up to
the time he conceived the idea of Eng
lish expansion through colonization,
England had no colonies, and her present
system of colonies, literally encircling
the globe, is an evolution of the idea
which he conceived when ne sent his
first expedition, seeking under letters
patent from Elizabeth, a landing and
settlement in North America.
When Raleigh conceived the idea OF an
English nation on this side of the At
lantic, Spain, then mistress of the seas,
had already made great Roadway in
colonization and was laying claim to the
whole Of the American continent by right
of discovery, and when Raleigh and his
half brother, Sir Humphrey Gilbert, or
ganized in 1879 the first expedition to
this country, the King Of Spain vigor-
ously protested. At first Queen Eliza
beth was inclined to recognize the claim
Of the Spanish King and to interpose
objections to R~aleigh's plans. While she
did not positively prohibit the sailing
Of the fleet in charge Of Sir Gilbert, she
withheld her encouragement and protec-
ton, and the fleet was intercepted upon
the high seas and driven back to shore
by Spanish men-of-war.
The expedition Of June, 1888, was still
more unfortunate, but it was undertaken
with the assent and even hearty good
wishes Of the Queen, showing the effect
upon the public m1d of Raleigh's per-
sistent and wise agitation in behalf of
American colonization. The claim Of
Spain to dominion on this continent,
which was at first almost conceded. was
now openly denied. The contest between
the Anglo-Saxon and the Latin races for
control and ownership of America had
begun. and to Raleigh is due the credit
of it's inauguration and precipitation.
The charter, under which the expedition
Of 1903, under Amadas and Barlowe
sailed, shows that the original idea of
English colonization, differing from that
which now obtains in England and
America, contemplated self-governing
communities under the laws and customs
of the mother country. This was the ex-
petition which first landed here on his
little island. Amadas and Barlowe did
not remain long, but they remained long
enough to explore the country hcrea-
bouts. and when they returned to Eng
land made a report upon the fertility
and beauty of this country which aroused
universal interest and caused the Eng
lish mind to settle into a fixed purpose
to contest the claim of Spain to that
part of this continent lying on the At
lantic seabOard.
The next expedition sent out by Raj
eigh was under the auspices and in con-
lGOl U llc1l VI tAC II AohhS 1NSA
as Sir Richard Grenville, Sir Ralph
Lane and Thomas Harriet. The settle
ments made upon this island by these
colon1sts, and by those who came later
under CAPTAIN John White as Governor,
met with many misfortunes and calam1-
ties and were not permanent, but they
established English right here, they re-
suited in the shedding of English blood
upon the soil of the New World, in the
assertion and defence of that right and
in the birth in this distant land of an
English child. The failure of these eff
forts of Raleigh's to permanently plant
the English flag here grew out Of the
hostile attitude of Spain to English
colonization in America, eventuating in
open attacks on the high seas upon his
little fleets and the capture of his relief
and supply ships.
The time had now come for settlement
with Spain. 1t had been made apparent
that there could be no successful Eng
lish colonial ton in America, or Else