davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15
A BEAUTIFUL MAGAZINE.

We should like for every reader Of
The PROGRESSIVE FARMER to become
q subscriber TO Country Life in
America" that most beautiful of
magazines, published by Doubleday,
Page & Co., of New York City. The
illustrations, (ohiefy photographs of
fields, forests, flowers, animals, etc. }
are alone worth the subscription
price, So per year. The magazine is
unique there is nothing like it. To
read it's articles or look at it's pic
fures means the awakening to new
opportunities and new possibilities of
country life, an awaking that will
soon result in work leading TO greater
beauty for the farm and greater hap
Piness for the farmer.
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15
A THOUGHT FOR THE WEEK.

Have we not learned that not
stocks nor bonds nor stately houses
nor lands nor the product of the mill
rs our oountryP Il is spiritual
shought that is in our minds. 1t Is
Bhe flag and what it stands for. 1t
Is it's glorious history. 1t is the fire
aide and the home. 1t is the high
thoughts that are in the heart, born
ef the inspiration which comes from
8he stories of others, the martyrs TO
liberty; it is the graveyard into
which our careful country has gath
cred the unconscious dust of those
Who have died Here, in these things,
is that which we love and call our
country, rather than in anything
shat can be touched or handled
Benjamin Harrison.
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15
RURAL FREE DELIVERY AND NEWS
PAPER READING.

Editor johnson, of Charity and
Children, says:
GA great deal of fuss is being made
over the free rural delivery and our
Congressuaen are doing little else
now, it seems, but trying to secure
the system all over their districts.
If it is a good thing of course we
want our share of it in the South,
but we confess that we are very
skeptical about the wonders 1t is ex-
pected 80 work. Our people do not
need to have their papers delivered
so much as they need TO be induced
80 take and read them. When man
is interested enough to subscribe for
a paper there is no danger about his
getting it"
It is very strange if bright paper
like Charity and Children has not
added many names to it's subsorip-
ton list as a result of establishing
the rural free delivery routes in
North Carolina. 1t is very strange
if it's editor has never seen a man
stop a paper because of difficulty in
getting it from the distant postofice.
1t is very strange if men have not
recently paid him subscriptions, tell
ing him that they have not been tax
ing papers heretofore, but that with
daily rural free delivery they must
now have a paper-only yesterday
farmer made such a statement in our
hearing.
Along the three Raleigh routes
established before the first of this
year, nearly twice as many papers
are taken as were taken before the
esta ablishment of rural free delivery.
And the Postmaster General reports
that the increase in amount of mail
matter handled is nearly five times
as rapid in rural districts served by
free delivery carriers as in districts
without rural free delivery.
It hasn't been many years since
the writer as boy lost many half
days going something over two miles
for the mail. If Editor johnson had
ever experienced the difficulties of
getting mail promptly from post
offices two TO four miles away, he
would not be so "sceptical as TO the
wonders" of rural free delivery.
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15
WHEN YOU WRITE TO THE EDITOR

In the April number of the Ladies'
Home Journal, Mr. Franklin B. Wiley
makes some suggestions on How to
Prepare Manuscript" and their OBJ
servanoe by all that write for the
press would add immeasurably TO
the joys os the editors life. If the
reader ever writes newspaper ar.
ticles, let him paste this in his hat ::
SIN preparing manuscripts use
plain white paper and good black
ink. Don't use paper that is flimsy
or transparent or so spongy that the
ink in likely to blur, nor sheets that
are Of different sizes or that have
been torn out of notebook and left
with the rough edges untrimmed.
The two sizes of sheets that are most
generally used are commercial note
and letter paper. II you have TO
send out hand-written copy never
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15

write it in pale ink or in lead pencil,
or in baokhand, which as rule. is
extremely difficult to make .outs. Culs
tivate a round, clear, good-sized,
almost vertical hand, and form the
habit of leaving wide space between
the lines. Write, of course, on only
one side of the paper, andi If you find,
near the end, that you are going to
run few lines over what you thought
would be the last sheet, don'tsqueeze
the final lines together at the bottom
of the, page or write them on the
back of it in order TO save another
sheet. In both handwritten and
typewritten copy leave a margin of
at least an inch at both sides of the
sheet as we'll as at the top and bot
tom"
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15

called forth this volume. Is has been
very favorably received by the
critics
The HISTORY OF THE WORLD. By
Victor Duruy. vols. 746 pages
Price s.. T. Y. Crowell g Co.,
Publishers, New York.
No library is complete without an
accurate, authoritative history Of
the world. That prepared by the
eminent Frenchman, Victor Duruy,
and ending with the year 1848, has
been recognized as one of the best.
And in addition to this, Prof. Edwin
A. Grosvenor, of Amherst, has
added chapters covering the years
1848-19O1. The work is handsomely
bound, printed on good paper with
large type, and contains number of
full page illustra tions.
THE ORTHoEPIsT. By Alfred Ayres.
Cloth. Price, $125. D. Appleton
& Co., Publishers, New York.
Mr.. Ayres g an advocate Of pre-
oision and accuracy in speaking and
writing. AS "The Verbalist" and
"Some Ill-uged Words" are leveled
at misuse of words and phrases, so
"The Orthoepist" is written for those
who would avoid errors of pronun-
citation. The publishers in this sem
tenoe explain the nature of the
book: ga pronounoing manual,
containing about 4,5O0 words, Gin
oluding a considerable number of the
names of foreign authors, artists,
etc., that are often mispronouced. !"
This book has been on the market
for nearly fifteen years, and the copy
now before Us is that of revised
and enlarged edition.
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15

ally drift over there, and the n,.,
bilities are that a majority of 2OU' =,
Northern negroes come from bo,s sp'
States, ..
t'In*Louisisna also there has \
a large decrease in the properties =
negroes, the causes of which
have already shown. The samo w
true of North and South Carroll,
The decrease is due to the large en'
grafton of negroes to Louisisns
Mississippi, and other more Wests~
States. The planters of the soma
west have found the Carolina,
splendid field from which to seon,
labor /; indeed, their operations thu,
have frequently caused a clash an,
the adoption of measures to prevs,,
labor agencies from operating in tb.,
territory.
''But outside Of these State tbs,.
has been little Improvements, and IN,
negroes have held their own as 70,
as population is concerned, and i,
some cases, more than held ths,
own. Not only has the proportio,
of negroes to whites increased stead
lily for the past twenty years il,
States like Mississippi, where tbs
negroes constitute a majority of sb.
population, but also in Arkansss !,
white State and Texas and Florida
into both of which there has been 4
large white immigration, report thai
they have proportionately more ns
g1oes TO. day than ten years ago.
"The case is probably the most
extraordinary in Texas, where a
marked antagonism to the negro hu
been shown, and from which many
negroes have emigrated in the past
ten years yet we find that "a De,
oent.-or one. fourth Of the popuIs
ton of Texas-is negro to day, as
against 21.8 per cent. in 1890.
"The settlement of the negro
problem by the extinction or disper.
sal of the negro seems a long way
off. New York Literary Digest.
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15
lHEzP RAISING IN WESTERN COUNTIES


Says the Ashevine Citizen: "It
s learned that the sheep industry
will perhaps be taken up in this SEQ
tion on an extensive scale. Western
North Carolina is particularly
adapted TO sheep raising and if q
business venture of this kind is made
il will probably be the beginning of
live stock business of great i'm
Dortance.Tl We have noticed sew
Sral reports of this kind from the
Citizens territory. If rightly man
aged, there can be little doubt of
IUcCess. That there Is a great future
for the sheep industry in our West
arn counties, we confidently believe.
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15

The editor spent three days at the
Charleston Exposition last week, but
did not return in time to write Of
It properly for this issue, as we hope
to do for next weeks number Presi
dent Roosevelt and Governor Ay-
cook made a very favorable impress
sion on the South Car olina people
went and saw and conquered by
Eheir foroible and appropriate
speeches. Thousands of North
Oarolinians attended, and thousands
more should visit the Exposition.
We confess we did not expect to find
one nearly so we'll planned, so COM
plete or so beautiful,
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15
, THE INDUSTRIAL AND EDUCATION

THE INDUSTRIAL AND EDUCAFloN-
AL INTERESTS OF OUR PEOPLE PARA
MOUNT TO ALL OTHER CONSIDERATIONS
or STATE POLICY, is the motto OF The
Progressive Farmer, and upon 6nls
platform is shall rise or fall. Serving
no master, ruled by no faction, cir
oumscribed by no selfish or narrow
policy, its aim will be to foster and
SrOmote the best interests OF the
whole people of the State. 1t will be
true TO the instincts, traditions and
history of the AnglO-Saxon race. On
al matters relating specially TO the
great interests is represents, it will
gpeak with no uncertain voice, but
viii fearlessly the right defend and
Empartially the wrong condemn. -
From Col. Polk's Salutatory, Feb,
20, 1SSR
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15
NEW STATES PROPOSED.

The House Committee on Terrific.
ries have voted unanimously in fs
vor of bills granting Statehood tO
Arizona, New Mexico, and Oklaho
ma and granting a regular Terrific
rial government to the now exCep
tionalIy governed Indian Territory
The last of these bills yfs the most
important, both in view of the
change of conditions that it records
and of that which it proposes. II
records the fact that the white ele.
ments within the Indian Territory
are already in the ascenden the
last census reporting 100000 whites
to 1000 Indians. The work of the
Dawes Commission in providing for
the abolition of communal govern
ment among the Indians and the al
lotment of lands in severalty is re-
ported to be nearly completed. In
case the new bill passes, what is now
known as the Indian Territory will
hereafter be known as the Territory
of Jeffer son, until it in turn shall O0
admitted to Statehood. It is doubt
full, however, whether Eastern
Senators will consent to an arrange
ment which means eventually two
new States-Jefferson and Oklahoms
in the old IUdian Territory. The
legislation of more than decade
ago comforting Statehood upon tn'
two Dakotas, Wyoming, Montana
and Idaho gave an over represents
tion TO the people of the West, ana
signally failed as a bit of party
strategy, since the supposedly Hs
publican States soon returned ms
jority of Populist or Democraa'
congressman. Oklahoma is now
strongly Republican, but Indian
Territory is reported to be normally
Democratic, and therefore the te"
of Democratic gain, as well as tn'
fear of over representation OF tD'
West, prompts caution. Of the pF'
posed new States, Oklahoma is tn'
commonwealth best entitled to State
hood. According to seoretsF
Hitchoock's report last Novem0eI
the population already exceeds h'p
a million, and is thrifty, we'll educ"
ted, and in an unusual degree Amer
loan in it's antecedents. The popU
lation of Ariz0 0na is estimated in tH'
same reort at a little over one huD
dred thousand whites and twen''
six thousand Indians, and tha5 "
New Mexico at nearly three hun
dred thousand whites and tWel''
thousand Indians. In Arizona ~
whites are nearly all English speaA
Americans, but in New Mexico sn'
Mexican element is still large 00O
rotary Hitchcock reported, however
that the recent rapid growth OF ~ =,
Territory from almost EXCLUSIVE,
American sources, and the gOO'
work Of the public schools, had ~
duced the percentage of illisei"1. :.
from a. in 1890 TO little over "
1900. In politics New Mexico ID !"
publican and Arizona Democrasl0'
New York Outlook.
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15
APRIL ALLIANCE TOPIC.

The following is the question sug
gested by the committee for discus
sion in the Sub Alliances this month /:
What are the best and most eoonom-
ical methods of applying fertilizers,
and what quantities pay best, crops,
seasons and soils consideredP
We should also like to have it tfully
discussed in THE PROGRESSIVE
FARMER.
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15

We invite correspondence, news items, sug
cegtions and criticisms on the subjects OF agrl-
sulture poultry raising stock breeding, DAIRY
np horticulture and garding; woman's WORK,
heFature, or any subject of interest to our lazy
leaders, young people, or the IamlIy gene[aIIy'
7nbIfc matters current events, political ques-
tons and principles, etc.,-in short, any subject
discussed In an all-rOund farm and family news
amer Communications should be free from
SersOnalities and party abuse.
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15
THE NEGRO NOT DYING OUT.

There are twice as many negroes
in the United States to day as there
were when Lincoln set them free,
and the last census, as the New Or
leans Times. Democrat remarks,
proves "that we have the negro still
with US, and that he is likely TO re-
main with Us for many years yet. "
The census returns show a white
population of $1,000, 900 and a negro
population of 8,85O,OOO, with about
100000 Indians, Chinese and Japa
nese. The death rate among the
negroes in the cities, where they
live in the congested districts, and
"where every law of nature and san
itation is defed," Is nearly double
that of the whites, and is far in ex
cess of the birth-rate; and this high
mortality has led some to think that
the negro is dying out. The census
figures show that this belief is errO,
neous. The negro population in the
rural districts more than makes up
for the loss in the cities, and the ru
raj surplus flock cityward in sufh
oient numbers to fill up the ranks.
The negro population is increasing
rapidly, not as rapidly as in slavery
days, but as rapidly as the whites.
In Arkansas and Mississippi the ne
groes are multiplying more rapidly
than the whites, and in the lat
ter State, as in South Carolina also,
they are in the majority. In South
Carolina, however, the proportion
of blacks is decreasing, and the
other Southern States show a SINH
lar trend. The negro does not seem
to show much inclination to leave
the South. Says the Times.Demo-
crat:
"The expected drift of the negro
northward has not taken place.
While a certain class of people and
theorists welcome him there and
promise him privileges, social and
other wise, which he does not enjoy
in the South, the great mass of the
people, the workers with whom they
would be thrown into competition,
resent the black invasion and cheaper
wages, and have been able to keep
the negro out TO any large extent,
by refusing him work and the means
of support As a consequence the
negro emigration from the South to
the North has been almost altogether
TO the towns, where odd jobs and
personal service can be secured.
SIN the South the movement of
the negro population has been diff
cult to understand, as the following
figures giving the proportion of ne
groes to the entire population will
show:
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15

''In the border States, like Ken
tucky and Tennessee, the negro has
been steadily decreasing IN proper
ton TO the whites. This was expec-
ted and has, indeed, been going on
for years. The negroes of Kentucky
and Tennessee are so near Ohio, In
diar- and Illinois that they natur-
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15

RENEWALSLThe date opposite your name
nm VOur paper, or wrapper, shows to what time
TOIP subscription is paid. Thus / Jan. W,
tslOws that payment has been received up 70
an 1 IqOO. l Jan 'Ol to Jan. l, 1901, and so on.
cvVo weeks are required after money is re-
5aived before date, which answers tor receipt
an be changed. II not properly changed Wlthln
30 weeks after money is sent notify us.
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15

Be sure to give both old and new addresses In
owdeFing change Of postOfdce.
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15

When sending your renewal, be sure 70 g1ye
uuractIy the name on label and postomceUo
which the copy OF paper you receive is sent
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15

TIE PROGRESSIVE FARMER is the Ofhcial
Organ Of the North Carolina Farmers SIaUe
A AllianCe.
The progressive farmer., 1902-04-15

ETNCONTINUA ANCES-Responslbl subscr1b-
WWfil continue to receive this journal until
he publishers are notified by letter 70 olscon-
5nue when all arrearages must be paid. II you
20 not wish the journal continued Tor announcer
Sear after your subscription has expired, you
mould then notify us 10 dlscOnunue IL.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-11-08
THE STUDY OF CHINESE.
Agent in the Interests OF
American Trade.

Mr.. Charles Neuer United State
consular agent at Gerai in an uficis
communication to tie state Ge
ment advocates the study ct st NAi-
nese language as means Of eNteneiag
American trade in the Chinese empire.
says the Washington Star. while
China is considered the land Of prom
Use for our farmers and mannfac5Nr-
ers.n says he, "the Importance of tae
knowledge of the Chinese language is
greatly undervalued / submit the de-
tails of a recent interview With a lin
guis; who has given special attention
10 this subject ii is we'll une rstoou
that in order to enter into erman-
ent commercial relations with a for
eign country it is indispensable TO
know its language. Wien Russian in
dustries began 20 Geyelop the Germans
recognized that ia order to engage in
profitable trace 10 thai country it was
neees sary to learn Rus ian. an there
IS now no country where the Russian
language is SO much taught as IN Ger
many.
''The Chinese language is telegraph
ic. 1t conveys the idea and not the
word for the thing. as the figure s. rep
resents the idea and not the word. The
Chin have invented more than 40
600 ks for their writing In the
opinion Of my informant il will require
only about 5000 marks for mercantile
correspondence and it win be easier
to learn them than the words Of an
ordinary foreign language,
Russian is more difficult for Amer
leans than Chinese It takes much
longer to learn the spoken language,
because of the variety Of dialects: but
any one who can learn enough Of the
writings to answer ordinary purposes
in few months and have his knowl-
edge perfected by linguist within
about year An exact instruction in
one Of the Chinese languages can only
be given by Chinaman.
"This method has been adopted in
Germany. Besides the professor for
the theory of language, there are four
Chinese linguists in the Oriental sem
mary Of Berlin teaching the business
style and the language Of Picking,
Shanghai and Canton. tits not intend
ed to fit pupils for the diplomatic serv-
ice, but for commercial work"
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-11-08

An amusing story comes from Paris
of the devices adopted by prominent
cIubman of wealth and position to
form the acquaintance Of lady well
known for her beauty in social and
theatrical circles, says the London
Globe. The lady was. lunching in o
fashionable restaurant in the Bots de
Boulogne, accompanied by her equal
" well known poodle. The dog was
running about from table to table
picking up pieces and collecting NOR
sells from other diners, and presently
when it returned to its mistress she
was astonished to see written on its
back in red chalk: "Tell your mistress
that she is simply adorable, and /
love her exceedingly" The gentle
man signed his name. After this a
formal introduction was no longer
necessary.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-11-08
Why l.EAvEs CHANGE COLOR.
Changes in Temperature and the
work of Jack Frost Are the
Principal Agents.

a leaf is composed of a great num-
Der Of cells, the walls of which are
brown In the spring and summer
these cells are all filed with fluid. col
ored with minute grains of red, yellow
and other pigments, which, mixed to-
gether. appear green In the autumn.
through the cold oxidation and other
changes take place in the leaf-cells,
destroying more or less rapidly certain
Of the color elements, says the Wom-
ans Home Companion. As soon as one
Of these elements is gone the leaf no
longer appears normal green, but as
sumes the shade of the remainder of
the color elements mixed together.
When only the red element is left the
leaf is red; when the yellow alone re-
mains, the leaf is yellow, and when all
the coloring matter is gone the leaf is
brown.
Frost is not the cole cause OF the
changes of color, h it is an important
cause. The more adual the changes
of temperature fl n summer heat 20
winter cold. the greater will be the
variety and brilliancy in the coloring
of the autumn leaves.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-11-08
UNIQUE HOTEL RULES.
Regulations for the Guidance of
Guests which should BE Salts
flying to Anyone.

Following are the rules and regu-
lations posted in the European hotel
in Bloomington, III:
Board, so cents per square foot;
meals, extra; breakfast at 6, supper
at 4
Guests are requested not to speak
to the dumbwaiter; guests wishing
to get up without being called can
have self-rising flour for lunch.
Not responsible for diamonds, BIZ
cycles and other valuables kept on
the counter; they should be kept un-
der the safe.
The Office is convenient to all con-
nections; horses to hire, IS cents a
day.
Guests wishing to do a little driv-
ing will find hammer and nails in the
closet.
If the room gets too warm open
the window and see the fire escape.
If you are fond of athletics and like
good jump ug, lift the mattress and
see the bed spring
Baseballists desiring little prac-
tice Will find pitcher on the stand.
If the lights 60 out, take soda
that is light enough for any man.
Any one troubled with nightmare
will find a halter in the barn.
Don; worry about paying your
BILL The house is supported by its
foundation.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1902-11-08
WEARING S OF WEALTH.
Goddess Mngnincence and selfish
Productivity of some Rich
New Workers.

The very rich men Of the world are
growing exceedingly tired Of the vast
wealth accumulated In New York
scores and hundreds Of men to-day are
paying anywhere from $4,000 to $780,
600 a month rent for suites Of rooms
not homes which they have built fer
their families. but simply apartments
which they have rented for awhile,
says a writer in Homilitic Review. The
goddess magnificence. the selfish prodi-
gality, the Overwhelming ostentation
of the wealth Of New York in certain
circles cannot be described; but il is
all an indication Of the fact that the
climax has well-nigh been reached in
the display Of what wealth can get.
The world is waiting now to knw
what wealth can give. II is the ne
mesis of vast wealth that it brings
its own retribution, and that retribu-
ton is the WEAKNESS of being unable
to find happiness in merely having
things