davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1902-12-01

There are several good reasons why
fall should be preferred to spring.
% The soil is generally in better con-
dition; it is warmer and drier, and
more susceptible of being worked
thoroughly and comminuted. Early
in the spring the soil is very likely to
be cold and saturated with water. If
the planter waits until it is thorough
ly dry and warm before blowing and
fitting it will bring the planting rath-
err late, and the new rootlets will hard
ly be in condition to reach out and
supply the trees with sufficient moist
ure to make rapid growth should an
early drought occur. CD Work is
generally less crowding in the fall
than in the spring. In the spring the
farmer has the ground to prepare and
spring grain to SOW; and by the time
seeding is accomplished the weeder
and cultivator must be brought into
use to keep down the weeds and the
soil mellow; then the maturing clover
urges him to leave all work and Sc
cure his winter fodder. No. the farm
er cannot find much spare time for
planting trees for future income in
the work-driven springtime, therefore
postpones from year to year the full
fillment of his often expressed de-
termination to grow more fruit.
But how is it with the professional
fruit grower? Has he much time for
tree planting in the spring? He gen
orally has some of his plantations of
small fruit to renew, has the pruning
of his various species of fruits, per-
haps the grating over of some va
rieties that have not proved true to
name, or satisfactory on his soil, and
then, just as soon as the ground is in
, order to work, he must keep the har-
row and cultivator running among his
fruit trees and plants, and his spray
ing outfit active to prevent insects
and fungi from doing their destruc-
tive work
Hardy trees, like apples and pears,
planted the last of October or first Of
November in this climate when the
soil is dry, on we'll drained land nat
urally or artificially, the fine earth
settles among the roots and by the
time the forces of nature arouse into
renewed activity, under the vivifying
rays of the early spring sun, the root
| lets are ready to shoot forth and alb
| sorb plant-food to sustain the new
growth of trees, and by the time that
summer drought ensues are prepared
to take up moisture from the soil to
replace the water evaporated from
leaves and bark.
The strongest argument l have
heard against fall planting is the
known tendency of trees. during the
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1902-12-01

why so many stands of clover appar-
emily good up to that time perish. 1t
does not, however explain it fully.
These crops have been making very
heavy drafts on the soil moisture. 1t
requires 500 pounds of water to make
a pound of dry oats; wheat and bar
ley about 400 Our readers can read
lily see why when the supply of mois-
ture is short, the clover is robbed con-
sequently has little root development,
and no wonder it dies when the nurse
crop is removed, unless the ground is
full of moisture. This explains why
heavy rains during harvest save a
otherwise perish.
If our readers who are planning to
have stand of clover next year will
read this over two or three times till
they fully understand it and then put
it in practice, we will not have half
the complaints we have had in years
past of failures in the stand of clover
from various causes. Bear in mind
that clover that has terminating pow
er will terminate if given the condi
tons of termination; that the main
thing required in the spring is mois-
ture, and that it must be put down in
the soil deep enough to get the mois-
ture, but not so deep as to exclude the
air. Bear in mind further, that the
seeds absorb the moisture from the
particles of soil around them. Hence
they must be in close contact with
that soil, which can only take place
when a good seed bed has been pre-
pared. That is, when the soil is fine
ly pulverized, so that the clover seed
can get right up next to the particles
of soil and get the moisture that it
needs. A thoroughly prepared seed
bed is one of the first requisites, there
fore, in securing a stand of clover.
Where you can get your seed bed so
thoroughly prepared that every grain
will grow, you don't need more than
five pounds of clover seed to the acre.
We usually recommend eight pounds,
because we are talking to men, many
of whom don't prepare their seed bed;
some because the circumstances are
such that they can't do it. In these
cases you must sow pretty nearly
twice as much seed as you expect to
grow.-Wallaces Farmer.
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1902-12-01

since, the clover sown on top of the
ground would have been there yet.
1t would have staid there until next
year and then if undisturbed would
have grown. Why? Because moisture
was not furnished.
Glover seed will grow in very
wet springs and on very wet
land without covering. Under these
conditions sufficient moisture is fur
nished. If not furnished it will
not grow and you can't make it. Some
farmers fail to provide the conditions
by sowing it on lumpy, cloddy land.
Moisture is not furnished because the
Jumps allow it to dry out before the
clover gets soaked up and ready to
start. 1t may possible sprout, but
through lack of moisture it will die.
There is no trouble in getting good
clover seed to grow, if you will give
! it these conditions, and only those
grains that are furnished these condi-
tons will ever grow.
This, however, is not the difficult
matter in practical clover farming.
|
start growing, but to continue this
growth it must have light and heat
above as we'll as moisture below, and
| just here is where most farmers fail.
They SOW clover with "a nurse CROP"
so called. That nurse crop, generally
oats or spring wheat, is rank grow
er and so shades the ground that the
plant cannot have sufficient light.
The leaves of the plant can't do their
work in darkness. The growth is
made through the leaf by taking up
the carbon dioxide, or as it is gener-
ally called, the carbonic acid of the
air, dissolving it by means of it's
green coloring matter, exhaling the
oxygen and using the carbon to build
up the plant, for this is absolutely nee
essary. Unless it gets light and plen-
ty of it, the plant can't grow, and just
in proportion as the nurse crop, So
called, shuts off the light, just in that
proportion does it weaken the clover
plant, the weakness being shown by
the lack of color in the leaf. There
fore if you use a nurse crop, use one
that grows as slender in the stalk as
possible, with as narrow leaf as pos
sible, and that natures as early as
possible. 1t is for this reason that we
advise sowing the earliest kind of ev-
cry kind of spring grain, whether
wheat, oats or barley, when used as a
nurse crop for grass seeds. The rea-
son why so many farmers succeed in
getting stand of clover when putting
it on rye or winter wheat or oats and
using these as grasses, is because the
constant cropping of the grass by the
cattle keeps down the "strangling
crop" (for that after all is the true
name of the nurse crop so called, and
permits the young plants to have the
light they so much need. Weeds act
in the same way, and the only reason
why we sometimes recommend SOW
ing some kind of grain with clover
when the land is very foul instead of
giving it the full use of the land is
because it is more satisfactory to NOW
oats for hay than weeds to prevent
their strangling the clover.
Another reason why we object to
| sowing anv kind Of clover with rank
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1902-12-01
HOW TO SECURE A STAND OF
CLOVER.


that we had assumed that the farmers
who had been reading after us know
everything that we know about it, and
possibly more too. When, however,
we attend an institute, as we did last
week. the same old questions come up.
The farmers want to hear that clover
story once more. We will try and
make it so plain and simple that a
child can understand it.
First secure seed that is not spoil
ed in other words, seed with germi-
mating power; or to put it palmer
still, clover that will grow. Any clo-
yer seed will grow if you give it
chance. Any clover seed will grow if
it has not been frozen or otherwise
spoiled. To know just what per cent.
will grow, get soup plate from your
wife, fill it with sand; then pour wa
ter on it till it runs off, then count
out 100 clover seeds and put them on
the sand. Borrow pie pan from her,
turn it upsidedown over it and set it
under the stove. In week count how
many sprouts you have or how many
grains have grown. That will give
you the percent that will grow the
first year. You are likely to find in
the course of two or three weeks more
seeds sprouted. These are the seeds
that will not grow the first year, but
will grow the second, the "hard-shells"
so to speak. Now you know what
your seed will do if you give it
chance. This seed cannot help but
grow next spring if you give it three
things: heat, air and moisture, all
three. If you give it heat and mois-
ture by putting four inches of ordi-
nary soil on top of it, it will not grow,
because there is no air. If you give it
air and heat by leaving it in the sack,
it will not grow because it has no
moisture. If you give it moisture and
air by putting your soup plate and pie
pan in the refrigerator where the tenn
perature is below 80, it will not grow
You must give all three, not one or
two, but all three.
Now the only question about getting
stand of clover is furnishing these
conditions. If you do not put it over
two inches deep in lighter soils, or
over one inch deep in clay soils, it
will get all the air it needs. April OF
May will give it all the heat it needs
Now what you want is to give it the
moisture; in other words, to so ar
range the seed bed that it will have
moisture, heat and air. If you will
thoroughly prepare the seed bed and
cover the seed from half an inch to
two inches according to the moisture
content, in the month of April or far
Their south the last part of March, you
will have the required conditions, and
that clover seed will grow. 1t can't
help it, and you can't keep it from
growing unless you deprive it of one
of these three conditions.
We will now point out how many
farmers fail to give these conditions.
We saw any number of farmers last
April sowing clover seed on top of the
ground. We sowed some ourselves.
We examined it and found that only
an occasional seed was growing. 1t
was lying on top of the ground and
was not growing, of course. 1t was
The Big Stone Gap post. [volume] (Big Stone Gap, Wise County, Va.) 1892-1928, 1902-10-16
FIRE
Destroys lessee Lees House.
The Scene a Sad One
Personal Notes.

Ccrr-.rcrtcncc u n nls sions Gap rosr
rALAct. Va. Oct. 6.--On Thn~sday nieht.
October ?, het~ecn ~ p. IA and ! a. m q.
jesse Lees house vas barncd 20 TIE
ground. The building vas insured for
Al .Ouo. The loss is estimated al from
a. zoo 10 $1,000. Between IL and O'Clock
they were aroused from their peaceful
slgmbsrs by the cracking Of the Ere
Which was under such headwav that the
roof vas almost ready TO cave In. Soon
as the family were an warned bells we're
runs fer help. Help soon arrived but a.
was evident that The house could not be
saved. so an hands set 20 work 10 save
what oil the household effects the, could
All furniture, etc, except what was in the
upper story, was saved. The scene Vas O.
hcattrcndiug one. The screams Of home
less children iutcrmiueied Nth the roar
ing 0i the burning house would have
caused the heart ol the strongest 90 have
failea him. Some lev we're slightly burned.
Tot no one seriously When the sun
arose Friday morning and cast abroad lie
radient beams the passcghT hchcld the
smouldcring ruins u What had once been
paiatial home.
George DYER, of stratton. Va. nas SCI
rlously burt some lafs ego while carr,iuc
Dad of wood
Constable ID X. Nasnick Was transact
inr hrs'ucse atfhis place lasi week.
Sis persons we're rciutcd registering ai
one precinct ia thi- district four on ace
count oi residence, and two CON failure to
otfIain constitution.
Ne notice SOM, Mormon. in this ,i-
ciuitr ne present.
W A n.sr. e.. b Cub. and 7. D. sem-
The Big Stone Gap post. [volume] (Big Stone Gap, Wise County, Va.) 1892-1928, 1902-10-16


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The Big Stone Gap post. [volume] (Big Stone Gap, Wise County, Va.) 1892-1928, 1902-10-16

We oltr Ore ilenirrd neilar- Reward ioi
suy ease 81 Catarrb that cannot b. cured by
Halls Cstarrh Core
p. J. CHENEY, a CO.. yrops., Toledo. q.
We the undersigned. have knowu D. J.
Cheney Cor thc Last rs wears, aud believe him
perfectly Memorable 10 all bassness traaSac-
iisi.s. aud ausncialiy able @ carry oar an,
obli.ttinu iladc hf iheir fgn.
Wrsr IstAx, Wholesale Druggists, Toledo
OLia.
WkLpsS,s. NlNSAN A HkRvIS, Whoiesals
Druggists. fo,c3o, Ohio.
Halls Caiarfh Cure i- takca internally,
actieg dircetls aqon the h.soa and Rncea4
serfsees - he sssie.a. nsice. sc. per bottle.
SID ~ ~ dsexsisls. Iesiinahisis free.
Halls f<mil, Pills arr the best
The Big Stone Gap post. [volume] (Big Stone Gap, Wise County, Va.) 1892-1928, 1902-10-16
WANT BETTER WAGES.

Employees OF &. 7. & W. N. {.
Railway co on a Strike.
ELIzAnEur1N. Oct. > The em-
ploycs OF the East Tennessee and
Western North Carolina Railroad
Company have struck for higher
wages. They complain that they
woik too many hours FOR the amount
per day paid them IL is thought
that the railroad company will speed
ily adjust the matter hy either giving
ats employees a shorter day or better
pay.
The Big Stone Gap post. [volume] (Big Stone Gap, Wise County, Va.) 1892-1928, 1902-10-16

Americas famous Beauties.
Look with horror on SKIN Eruptions,
Biotches- Soros. impics They don q
have them, nor viii any one. who uses
buckicn's Arnica Salve. 10 giorihes the
face. Eczcma or Salt khcam vanish be-
fore g. II cures sore lips. chappcd hand
chHhiains. inialiihlc for Piles. 25c at
Or. j .keiY's drug store. %
The Big Stone Gap post. [volume] (Big Stone Gap, Wise County, Va.) 1892-1928, 1902-10-16
THE EVOLUTION OF LIGHT.


When grandma Was little girl,
Aud Was sent up to bed,
She carried thea ''tanow dip"
Held high above her head.
When mamma used 70 20 upstairs.
After she said Good night"
Her mother always held lamp
SO she could have it, light
As soon as sisters bedtime came.
When she was little lass.
IL she found the room too dark
Mamma would light the gas
Now. When the sandman comes TO me,
like 40 have IL bright.
SO ] reach up and turn the keg
Of my electric light.
And maybe ms dear dolly.
To she lives out her DAYS.
viii see right through the darkness
With the magical X raysi
-E4chaugc
New Ulm review. (New Ulm, Brown County, Minn.) 1892-1961, 1902-07-09
APPEALS TO UNITED STATES.
China Asks Help in Getting Rid Of
Foreign Troops Still Occupy
ing Tientsin.

Washington, July THE Chinese
government appealed to the govern
ment of the United States, to use it's
good offices to cause the allied powers
who still retain their soldiers in Tien-
tsin,, to evacuate that, place in con-
formity with the spirit Of the agree
ment of Picking, which settled the Box
er troubles. The appeal was made Sat-
urday by Minister: VIII directly toSec-
rotary Hay, in the shape of cable
gram from Viceroy Yuan Shih-Kai, of
Chilli, which the minister supplement-
ed with a long verbal explana ton.
Secretary Hay will'address himself
to the various governments, probably
through Mr.. Conger at Picking, and the
foreign ministers there located. The
situation at Tientsin is peculiar, and,
in the view of the state department,
the attitude of the foreign military Of
ficials there is perfectly unreasona BILE.
The state department. has satisfied it.
self that the foreign ministers at Pc
king, whose governments are repre-
scented by those military leaders, are
thoroughly anxious to have the treaty
of Picking executed in a fair spirit, and
to that end to have Tientsin evacua ted
at the earliest possible m oment by the
foreign officers so it will carry the
Chinese appeal to governments con-
cerned. - zE91 =. : ..ss
New Ulm review. (New Ulm, Brown County, Minn.) 1892-1961, 1902-07-09
SIGNIFICANT INDICATIONS.
Coal Companies Evidently Prepar.
ing to Start COIHeries-Miners
~ on the Alert. d. II rrss Isl

Wilkesbarre, Pa, July 1.-THE
movement of empty coal cars along
the railroads and the unusual activi-
ty about several of theacollieries in
the region indicate to the strikers
that an effort is to be made in few
days to start work at some of the
collieries. The operators assert that
they have sufficient men under en-
gagement, both returned strikers and
imported men, to man several of the
collieries. While they will not admit
that work may be resumed next
week, there is general belief that
the effort will be made. In the Hazle-
ton region the Pardees are expected
to mass men at the HARDWOOD cOlliery
which, being on the outskirts of the
region, is in less danger of attack
than q mine in the heart Of the dis
trict, and the coal can be shipped
from it without being sent past any
mining village. A number of min
ers are said to have applied for work
in response to the notice of the COM
pany that it was ready to receive APP
pications. 49,.
The officials of the union, cognizant
Of what is being done, are busy.
Pickets are watching the mines, and
all moves are reported to headquar-
tiers, and if any effort is made to
gather men the strikers will endeavor
by large picket committees to see
them before they go to work and dis
suade them. In the Hazleton region
they turned many back Saturday
morning; an especially strong picket
line being established about the
Drifton colliery Of the Coke Bros. &;
Co., where the building Of "a strong
barbed wire stockade. backed with
barbados, Friday lends color toAthe
belief that an effort is to be made
there to resume work.
New Ulm review. (New Ulm, Brown County, Minn.) 1892-1961, 1902-07-09
Now Out of All Danger.
Salisbury to Retire

London, July 7.-At the earliest pos
sible moment Lord Salisbury contem-
plates retiring from public life. But
that severance from the affairs Of the
empire which he has 80 long admins
tered is not likely to come until after
the coronation and it may possibly be
still further delayed by now unseen
reasons of state politics. During
the last few months the premier has
more and more detached himself from
the cares of office. With increasing
age his dislike of publicity and dread
Of details which high Office holding in
wolves has been strengthened into an
antipathy so strong as to render even
the conservative leaders less impor-
tunate in'their demands that he,remain
premier. .
New Ulm review. (New Ulm, Brown County, Minn.) 1892-1961, 1902-07-09
FRESH AND In TERESTING.


Secretary Root plans to enlarge he mill.
tary posts to aceommod at troops return
ms from the Philippines. A
f Ambassador White in a. Fourth OF July.
celebration in Leipsies INDUCED IN much
praiseso of Presid ent Roosevelt
1t is reported that Nilkesbarre coIlieries
will start with nonunion men on July "a,
tpe opening Cay of the miners convention
at Indianapolis. @ s
Hannis TAYLOR, former minister to SPAIN
has been elected to the chair of English
constitutional and common law at Column
bian university.
Keel of new battleships Nebraska was
laid Friday at Seattle Gov. Sava ge, of
Nebraska, and Gov. Mcbride, of Was hing-
tOn drove the first riVet s 81 aa5tss
Negotiations with Colombia for al treaty
giving the United States theyright to COM
plete the Panama canal will begin upon the
return Of Secretary Hay TO the capital next
week. lt%5 Il lI.z 49, re SSs4*5 n @#s s##
The Rock Island railroad is planning to
break its alliance With%Harriman The
Union acific track lease into Denver will
pc surrendered and a cutoff built to the
Colorado & Southern.
Carl +. Bussche, son of. Baron Bussche,
OF Berlin, by winning a commission as sec
ond lieutenant in the American army, be-
comes entitled to@a legacy of 81 900 left 200
years ago by a military-loving ancest or s.
New Ulm review. (New Ulm, Brown County, Minn.) 1892-1961, 1902-07-09
CONDITION I'm VENEZUELA.
Dispatch from Commander Mclean
OF the Ctncinnati, Snys There Are
Ten Thousa ND RevOlutionists.s1

Washington, July Z. Secretary
Moody has received the following
cablegram from Commander Mclean
Of the Cincinnati dated La Guira, via.
Haiti, July 4:
Topeka reports 40 revolutionistg at
tackled custom house Guanta yesterday; Sc
cured four Mausers, some ammunition.
Fled hills appearance troops. Capt. visited
Barcelona, Information, Matos 1900 men
at Urica, we'll armed, but inactive. Three
thousand more in state Bermudez. Esti-
mated entire force revolutionists In coun-
try 10000. Small bands revolutionists this
vicinity; some firing nights. Foreigners
not molested either side yesterday. Two
hundred and thirty more troops who came
here from Caracas recalled to-day in haste.
Steamer Ossum goes Puerto Cabel1o 300
troops" @E $500 gsz.z N
New Ulm review. (New Ulm, Brown County, Minn.) 1892-1961, 1902-07-09
Search for Train Bandits.

Chicago, July "a small army Of de-
tectives and farmers is searching the
country between Blue Island and Lee
mont in a hunt for two robbers, who
held up the Big Five" express train
of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific
railway Thursday night near Dupont
and shot ohm B. Kahn, an express mes
4Senper. 5&s: III
New Ulm review. (New Ulm, Brown County, Minn.) 1892-1961, 1902-07-09
Illinois Paid Big Warrant

Spring eld, H., July &c oy. Yates
received Saturday by mail a warrant
for 81 ,oo5, 1929, principal and interest
due thes tate Of Illinois from theUnit-
ed States goVernme nts for advances
made blythe state in equip troops
during the civil war.
New Ulm review. (New Ulm, Brown County, Minn.) 1892-1961, 1902-07-09
Conductor Killed,

Findlay, O., July 5.--Two cars col
lided Friday evening on the Toledo,
Fostoria & Findlay traction line be-
tween Findlay and Fostoria, killing
conductor and seriously injuring
eight or ten people, three of whom,
it is believed, are fatally injured.
New Ulm review. (New Ulm, Brown County, Minn.) 1892-1961, 1902-07-09
~ A, HEIRS.
Special Excursien Rates.

Via the North Western Line to Hot
Springs, Deadwood, Lead and Custer, S.
D., and 10 Colorado and Utah points,
good to return until September Is, a
splendid opportunity is offered for an en-
joyable vacation trip. Several fine trains
via the North Western Lins daily Apply
New Ulm review. (New Ulm, Brown County, Minn.) 1892-1961, 1902-07-09
FOund Dead In He'd

Madison, Wis, July 7.-Willet s.
Main, former state senator, and broth
ser-in-laW Of Senator John G.. spooner,
was found dead in bed. It is supposed
he died from heart disease.
New Ulm review. (New Ulm, Brown County, Minn.) 1892-1961, 1902-07-09
Tarred and Feathered

Mount NJ orris, III, July 8 -- burners
at the funeral Of Mrs. r ohm Seibert at
this place tarred and feathered the
widower and the sister Of the deceased
for improper actions.
New Ulm review. (New Ulm, Brown County, Minn.) 1892-1961, 1902-07-09
Interested Immixration.

New York, July Over 4ao, 900 i'm
migrants arrived at New York dur
ing the last fiscal year. The increase
over 1901 was $50 900.
New Ulm review. (New Ulm, Brown County, Minn.) 1892-1961, 1902-07-09
Gathering. at Davenport.

Dayenpo Ia, July Z - he advance
guard Of delegates to the biennial
Tagsatzung or business conventio Of
North American Turner bund, arrived
here, coming mainly from the west.