The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-06-09

] As the originator OF the suggestion has
region. Mr.. Baldwin expects to sail for the
the 18th Of this month.
Great Britain's Expedition.
| William Zeigler. the financial hacker OF
the Baldwin expedition. has contributed ev-
erything that money could buy to insure
the success of the expedition, and 1t Is
confidently expected that II will make a
record in the coming great financial race
, for the pole.
Still another experienced and tried Arctic
| explorer. Walter Wellman. has announced
himself as getting ready for another attack
upon the pole. But 1t is doubtful whether
his expedition will begin its dash during
tha present year.
Great Britain is to be represented in the
coming international struggle by an expe-
dition under the leadership Of a Canadian.
Captain ]. Elzear Bernier. who halls from
Quebec. and who last winter secured con-
siderable backing for his venture in London.
the expedition. out Bernier's plan is a
modification Of that of NanSen-to enter
the ice pack and drift toward the Pole. ON
an easterly course. following the northern
coast Of Siberia. where open water is pretty
sure to be found in the midsummer season.
when q point between 10 and 10 east IS
reached the vessel win be headed for the
north. and then will be pushed toward the
be resorted to IL necessary to get her nearer
to the goal.
To Dash for the Pole.
Once frozen in the Ice pack. Bernier will
slowly drift with II toward the Pole. for the
great field Of ice steadily drifts in a curved
line across the Pole from the direction OF
the north coast of Siberia to the Greenland
sea. For three years the plucky Canadian
feels confident that his ship will reach. by
drifting; within 100 miles OF the Pole.
he Will then make a dash with siedges
and dogs for the Pole itself. where he ex-
poets TO spend a fortnight in taking sound
LIS: thermometer and barometer observa-
n ions; magnetic and pendulum tests. etc.
On tne return trip Bernier plans to head for
Spitzbergen or Franz Josef Land, preferably
me latter. In order to explore Peterman's
which has never been visited.
Captain Bernler Is to plant his supplies
aiong ms line OF march over the ice after
a novel fashion. He Is having a number of
hollow fir posts made. and in these he will
place provisions. The posts will be tirped
Gith sharp steel points. so that they can be
safe and convenient caches. and Mt the s.ma
from tina Pole. ' "
Russia's Ice Crusher.
Inc Russian bear will dispute the terri
tory OF the Polar bear during the coming
summer. Tor Russia is making ready TO nj.
tack the Polar problem after a novel
method. The great ice crusher, the En-
MAX; unoer It's designer. Vice Admiral Ma
II possible. to the Pole.
The Ermak was completed in the spring
OF 1899. and has since been submitted 10
many ice-crushing tests of the coast OF
Spitzbergen, and in other waters where ice
Is thick and plentiful. So far she has been
iafriy successful. and has been refitted and
o~verhauled for her most strenuous UNDER
taking. But can she crush her way through
the terrible Ice pack that guards the way
70 the PoieE Well. time alone can answer
Her designer believes that she can, and
his belief is backed by the Russian Govern
nRnf Rnf Polar ANnarfo xrhA lpo.- D.
resistance of the ice held together by the
terrible pressure of the polar pack shake
Their heads dubioasly when the idea Of any
snip thrustfng aside such enormous preS-
sure Is suggested to them.
The Ermak Is built of massive steel and
Is 3o5 feet long. Il feet broad and 42is feet
In depth. She has a displacement OF 5000
tons. and her engines are OF 10.Ovo-horse
power. She Is remarkably shallow forward.
SO that her bow can be pushed up on the
ice which resists her. and thus her great
weight bearing down upon the ice helps to
She has been submitted to some remark
able tests. and has steamed through sheet
Ice four feet thick. and has crushed her
way through single foes 2S feet IN thick
form the herculean task of crushing her
way to the Pole itself. she should be able
vicinity than any ship has lone before. In
case OF a blockade. the Russians intend to
disembark a sledge party at the nearest
attainable point and make a dash over the
ice for the goal that Is attracting So many
competitors.
The Submarine Attempt.
OF all attempts to reach the Pole. a plan
to be put into effect by ar Austrian ex-
piorer, Professor Anschuetz-Kaempfe. un-
der the auspices Of the Imperial Geographic
cal Society. is the most remarkable. The
professor has planned a submarine boat.
capable Of withstanding the pressure of the
ice, in which he purposes to dive under
the ice and come up for breathing. spaces
in the open places that are known to exist
ir the summer season.
The submarine boat is to be towed to the
edge OF the ice pack and then II Is to begin
its diving experiments wherever It finds
that 1t cannot steam through the ice The
plan of the boat Is best described N the
"My vessel will be on the order Of am
electric submarine boat. at once alright
and sealed. that can be raised and depressed
will supply the crew with nee .ssary l.Ire
air. Finally the vessel will combine the
qualifications Of a submarine or diving. YES
sci with those OF an ordinary steamboat.
so far as capacity for seasoing is cen
cerned.
any other form. l decided t. give my boat
the shape OF an egg. The shell will te 1t
sse the hs1 ship that carried si%e N Slnseas t i1 SO
screws. one faciiitatins .divEins. end rising.
the others for moving forward ard back
ward in an even horizontal way.
The Boat Described.
The motive power is supplied by storage
battery cells when below water. by a kero-
sene motor when travelling en- the surface.
The boat always remains OF the surface
long enough to accumulate power for fifteen
hours below water. The bmarin speed
will be three and one-eighth miles per hour.
'sThe boat IL At 10 remain below water for
q longer period than would be required to
pass under the greatest ice iield or pack
EVER met with, and likewise to
gate the foot Of the most colossal icebergs.
That much accomplished n rises when the
next lake Is reached. to I'LL its storage bat
terry cells anew.
IF. for some reason or other. q soid Ice
bridge 10 encountered the boat 10 not doomed.
for It has epparstus to blow . hole through