The Montgomery advertiser., 1901-09-27
HOW TO LEARN SPANISH
 By George Y. McKibbsn, A. M.
LESSON XI.

LESSON XI. -7S The conditional mode is used as foi-
 (a0 To state something as probable or approximate in speaking of the past. just as the future is used tsection I4, a, last ParQ of 70. the presents Una ninya ao que girl who was probably as much as IS years old. Sersan @ las diez de la noche, 1t was about 10 o'clock at night.
 in questions, exclaiming against some thing unreal or impossible. Ire atreve- rias @ tn 8 quereria? You dare to love her? ?Seria @ verdad eso? Can that
 (cl To express an opinion or. request modestly, politely. Osaria @ afirmar. would venture to declare. Querria Cor yer 10 que V. tiene. I should ike to see what you have. Querria Cor quisiera) de- cirselo (3l para que 10 sepa, I should ike to tell 1t to him in order that he may I would not exchange my lot
 (d) Most frequently in the principal clause or the conclusion after a condi- tion expressed or understood. Observe In the conditional clause. Si estuviese (or estuvieral en su lugar de w., no haria esto. if I were in your place. should (or tIviera) libros, should read all day, if I had books. Yo saldria si hiciese buen tiempo, I should go out, if 1t were ns asra fa $ suer pe ss S5aSS sSGes a est this. 1t would be pity:
 (e) To state future things from past standpoint. Esperaba que vendria. Cor Dijo que llegaria. he said that he should arrive. Dijo que habria acabado e1 dia siguiente, he said that he would have finished on the following day.
 "A. The subjunctive mode is used as follows:
 (a) In principal clauses to express Q wish or command. Here belong the sub tunctive forms borrowed to fill out the imperative and to express all negative commands. If the wish be regarded as unattainable an imperfect form of the subjunctive is required. !I1oado sea Dios! tare. Que siga la eJecucion al momento. let the execution go on at once. !Plegue a Dios que se salve! May 1t please God that he be ,. sayed! !PluguieTa .. Dios que que that you had never seen him!
 (bl After the conductive que, that, in clauses depending on verb Cor noun) of cesaion joy, resret and kindred emo. tlons; and many impersonal verbs not denoting. certainty; ?Que importa que truene el tirano? What matters it that the tyrant may rage? Temo no venga, fear he may not come. No creo que sea asi CD, don't believe that it is thus. Temo no haya ven'do, l fear he has not come. Le mhnOATOn que VlnleBe, they commanded him to come. Permitame (3) V. que le haga una pregunta, permit ma to ask a question.
 tc) With many compound contunctions uncertainty. Hasta que venga yo. until come. P0y astuto que sea- however shrewd he may be. Con tai que 10 haga, provided he do 1t. Aunque viles traidores le sirvan, although vile traitors serve him.
 (D In many relative clauses which serve to limit a strong statement pre- csding. No hay quien pueda hacer eso. there is no one who can do that. Fue u ell ultimo que saltese del navio, he was the last who went out of the ship.
 (el In other relative clauses not mere ly descriptive. but denoting purpose. re- suit. etc. A los que leyeren tor lean), to those who may read. Busco un caballO que me convenga mas, I seek a horse that shall suit me better.
 tO Tn many relative clauses that are indefinite and concessive. See section 5s, a. for examples.
 T5. Class of peculiar verbs. Of this class we have already studied andar, to go (sectiOn 2D; haber, to have (sectlon 4S): tener, to have (section 50); estar. to stand or be (section 52). There are eleven other simple verbs and many compounds which belong here. All have a special preterite stem which receives the accent in the first and third persons singular. Besides. the present lenses offer irregu- larities and the future also. The princi- pal parts and more difficult forms of ten of these verbs appear below. When a tense is represented by one form only the rest may be inferred from this form. Of the conj. II are:
 (a) Caber to find room, capacity, ca biendo. cabido, quepo, cupe. Ind. Pres. Quepo. cabes cabe. cabemos. cabeis, ca- len. Subj. Pres. Quepa.. Ind. Pret. Cup-e, -iste. -o. limos, -isteis. -ieron. Subj Impfs. and Fut. Cupiera, Cupiese. Gu piere. Ind. Fut. Cabre D. Examples: En esta iglesia caben quinientas person. as. in this church 800 persons find room. Honra provecho ne caben en un saco, honor and gain are not held in the same bag.
 hago. hice. Ind. Pres. Hago, haces. hace, hacemos, haceis, hacen. Subj. Pres. Ha- mos. hicisteis, hicieroT. Subj. Impfs. and Fut.. Hiciera. Hiciese, Hiciere. Ind. Tut, hare O.
 (c) Poder. to be able, pudiendo, podido, puedo, pude. Ind. Pres. Puedo, puedes, puede podemos. podeis. puden. Subj. Pres. Pueda. Ind. Pret Pud e, iste. Q, limos. -isteis Heron. Subj. Imperfects and Fut. Pudiera, Pudiese. Pudiere. Ind. Fut. Podre CD.
 pongo, puse. Ind. Pres. Pongo. pones, Pres. Popga. Ind. Pret. Pus e. -iste, 70, -imos. isteis, -ieron. Subj. Imperfects and Fut. Pusiera, Pusiese, Pusiere. Ind. Fut. PondreQ.
 (e) Querer, to wish, like. etc, querien- do, querido. quiero, quise. Ind Pres. Qui ero. quieres, quiere. queremos, quereis, uuieren. Subj. Pres. Quiera. Ind. Prof. Quis-e, -iste, %. -imos -isteis, Heron. Subj. Imperfects and Fut. Quisiera, Qui-