davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Marshall republican., 1901-03-15
VALEDlCTORY.

With this issue. our official connection with
the MARSHALL REPUBLICAN, as proprietor and
editor ceases. the paper and plant having been
sold to Judge J. II. Hunter. one Of our highly
respected citizens. OF his %preeminent qualifi-
cations and high standing, nothing need be
vouchsafed by the retiring management. for
his acquaintance in Saline has been broad
enough to thoroughly establish him in the
good opinion Of her people.
That he will not only maintain the standard
Of the paper. but steadily promote its service
and broaden its field. we feel assured thus re.
tanning and increasing that support for him
self which has been generously accorded his
predecessors.
For nearly three years, the REPUBLICAN has
been directed by the retiring management.
who. while recognizing and striving for ideals
not within our province, falling far short OF
hopes and unaitainable conceptions that gave
inspiration and beckoned onward, have loved
their work, though checked and held re-
strained by narrow opportunity and circum.
stances. That we have worked well with
what was given us, tina, the prestige Of the
paper has been advanced and established
firmly. that the fruits Of this pubic confidence
have enabled and supported expenses for the
equipmcn, Of a good plant and the publication
Of a larger, nea,cr and more substantial paper,
is a source of much pride and qualification a,
this time.
Our satisfaction arises chiefly. however,
from an appreciation of the benignity of the
skies under which We have served. for life in
Saline is more than existence. Her people
are intelligent, of mind and generous OF heart.
respecting the rights Of others. responsive to
the claims of society, appreciatlve OF good mo.
,ivcs and honest effort, and quick to overlook
mistakes and forgive faults.
The REPUBLICAN, has been Loyalty supported
by it's own p~artisans and by others of different
political convictions. to al OF whom, We ex'
press Our cordial thanks. Recollections Of
these years will he tender memories in that
our paper has been the recipient Of much
kindly interest. compliment and encourage.
ment from both press and public. We hope
that our deserving SUCCESSOR may be likewise
accorded the friends and patrons it has been
our lot to enjoy.
w. a. BEATTY, Proprietor.
=. II. VAN DYKE, Editor aud Manager.
The Marshall republican., 1901-03-15

The Republicans OF Missouri have a thous'
and and one good issues through the failures,
blunders and mistakes Of the state Democracy,
yet none that will appeal stronger to the PEG
pie than a cry for honest elections, something
foreign to those held in our cities under the
present vicious law, as is testified to by such
men as William J. Stone.
The Marshall republican., 1901-03-15

The Republicans Of the Missouri legislature
have been called upon to help the governor,
as he Is utterly at a loss as TO the proper
course Of procedure with many members Of
his own party. II seems that the Republicans
are to be conceded W important and badly
needed amendments to the Nesbit law in ex.
change for service rendered in helping Dock.
cry to secure the passage Of his compromise
beer tax hill.
The Marshall republican., 1901-03-15

Tinker the brewer has announced himself
as an independent candidate for mayor. He
should take a good vote from the Democratic
candidate, il birds of a feather really do flock
together.
The Marshall republican., 1901-03-15
BENJAMIN HARRISON
]. II. HUNTER.

The death Of Benjamin Harrison leaves but
one x.president, Grover Cleveland. The
passing away Of such a man, one Of the two
remaining national fgureheads Of our past,
becomes an event Of such significance in bring.
ing to mind flood Of recollections in the his.
tory If the nation. that the citizen. regardless
Of party. may well consider and study the
motives. characteristics and results Of a life
in so important a field Of action.
The traits Of character peculiar to The great
dead were his in u pronounced and undisputa.
BILE degree His views were never equivccal
and as openly and honestly expressed as
thought, though Of a reserved nature and con-
sentative tendency. His high standard Of
intellectual conception made him a man for
emergencies and action. for his Judgment,
quickly formed and ~rcsolute in its execu.
ton, could be relied upon as the mature and
we'll balanced decision Of a careful aud close
examining man.
As president. he verscd himself with the
minu,iae Of every department; highly gifted
aud cultivate IL a ripe scholarship that afford.
ed him the knowleig. o. international law
"to ~" wv ~" ~" sssNS wv
could turn q better share Of his attention To
the practical workings Of all branches Of the
government
Yet best Of all, his honesty and integrity
could not he questioned. Without the hearty
support of the politicians and oftentimes the
machine Of his own organization; v%ehemently
opposed by those Of contrary political views,
no opponent without or within the ranks Of
his party could doubt his absolute honesty or
deny his courage Of conviction. 1t wa, this
which did most to make him great, respected
and loved.
Modest in disposition and retiring in man.
ner, friends were not easily won. for many
thought him cold and selfish, but as Benjamin
Harrison is viewed in recent years. even his
former critics are not slow to disclaim these
charges. His opinion upon the recent foreign
question differing from those Of his party,
has temporarily clouded a full recognition Of
the greatness Of the man, but we'll rounded as
was his adminis,ra,ion in the graces Of good
government, his reputation must be enhanced
by years to less prejudiced minds.
The Marshall republican., 1901-03-15

senator Fafris, VINO called our own repre-
sentative II prince OF d~emanogues, refers to
his sixteen years experience as n senator His
record is as boldly pro.lobby As any member
Of that body and as long as Senator Martin
brings upon himself the viluperative hatred
Of such tools and corrup,ionis's M Farris is a..
credited by his own acts and vote. no unfair
advantage should be taken Of this abuse even
by his opponents. The continuance of such
men as Fsrris In Offices Of public trust. when
their record is made plain as antagonis,ic to
the people. Is one Of the demoralizing results
in any state, where bitterness and craftsmanship
bride independent thought and action. Let
Missouri Democracy first learn tina, for the
best results IN good government, machine men
must be repudiated il not in party councils.
then at the polls.
The Marshall republican., 1901-03-15

Congressman Co,ney doubtless has the dis.
~tinction OF representing the most misshapen dis
trict entitled to a seat in congress. Four of
her cons,ituen, coun'ie. are strongly Repub.
lican, one an even chance and three Demo.
cratic, furnishing the requisite majority to
make his election a certainty. Such becomes
the fairness OF representative government in
Missouri.
The Marshall republican., 1901-03-15

A franchise bill has been enacted aud great
is the Democratic party in redeeming its pledge
to the people. after a continuous thirty years
sway. Incidentally. il might he mentioned
that the measure was voted for by the Repub.
lican representatives, though under protest,
as they favored a more ~effec,ual enactment
and no, one which NJ Dockery admits will
furnish little additional revenue.
The Marshall republican., 1901-03-15

In Illinois. a Republican legislature appor.
tions the state in such a manner as to accord
eighteen Republican and seven Democratic
districts. whereupon the Democrats of the
Sucker state proceed to howl. They should
thank their stars that the majority party has
not taken drawing lessons rom Missouri
Democrats who are past masters in the art of
modelling incompact districts Of territory con.
tiguous by a scratch. Democracy is more Of
a minority party in Illinois than is the Repub-
lican 10 Missouri according to'the vote for
president in 1896 and 1900. considered proper.
tionally to the population at that, yet a Re.
publican legislature allows seven Democratic
districts, while in Missouri a Democratic leg.
islature comedies only one lonesome district
out Of sixteen to the minority. No ~jus,'6ca-
ton can be found elsewhere for the unfair.
ness Of our own Legislature aud all compari.
sons with such action in other states only
serve to show the extremity Of this ruthless
injustice to the Republicans Of Missouri.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1901-09-06
Coal Tar Scents.

Many perfumes owe their origin to
coal tar. Extract Of new-mown hay"
and other similar delicate perfumes are
obtained from substance called Gu
marin, which up to few years ago
was extracted from sweet woodruff
and other scented grasses. It was dis
covered that cumarin could be OBJ
tanned by distillation Of one Of the
volatile oils Of coal tar. White hello
trope is also made almost entirely Of
coal tar, together with seven other
scents, generally known by the names
Of the flowers they used to be extracted
from. The Island Of Mauritius lost
much of it's scent industry through the
rivalry of coal tar scent. Vanilla, one
Of the most delicate products Of coal, is
used by the gallon in making the ex-
tract of vanilla, for flavoring custards
and buildings. Coal tar also gives us
that greatest boon of the man whose
doctor won't let him take sugar-name-
", saccharin. OF this substance, one
pound is equal to two hundredweight
Of sugar, as far as sweetening power
goes. 1t is quite wholesome, and is
into the bargain capital disinfectant.
Jam made with saccharin ought to
keep forever. Coal tar scents are by
no means cheap and nasty substitutes.
They are harmless-sometimes more
harmless than the original preparations
they have superseded. And, in spite
Of the evil odor Of coal tar, not one
workman has ever been made i'll by
dealing with it.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1901-09-06

1t was not deemed worth printing.
And yet says an English writer, in
the year 1899, by that outrageously
nOnsensical process of Bessemer's, this
country made over 100000 tons of
steel, while the United States produced
trife Of 100000 tons-made from
over 100000 tons of cast-iron with
out fuel" Continuing. the same writer
says:
In 1865 ten years after his inven-
ton, Bessemer and his partners, for he
was not a wealthy man at that period,
were receiving royalties in Britain to
the amount Of $1,OOO,OOO per annum.
Enormous profits were also made in
those years by the steel manufacturers
who secured the right to manufacture
under royalties. They obtained from
$500 to $3.50 ton for steel, which cost
them only about $50 ton to produce.
Trade rolled in in huge volumes, until
in 1872, when the first fourteen years.
partnership into which Bessemer had
entered expired, it was found that his
flrm-Henry Bessemer & Co.-had d.
vided in profits fifty-seven times the
capital invested in the business, or 100
per cent for every two months for
twelve years, while the works, which
had been largely extended out of rev.
enue, were sold for twenty-four times
the amount Of the whole subscribed
capital. In all, the fortunate partners
received eighty-one TIMES their original
capital in fourteen years."
Great Britain, until the United States
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1901-09-06

mering and twisting-even doubling
close, without breaking. The first kind
has been made for more than century.
the second only since Bessemer and
Siemens-those modern magicians-
showed how to do it.. In 1866 Hallev
went from America and purchased the
Bessemer rights for this country for
$4,000. Immediately previous to that
time $125 ton had been paid here for
imported steel rails. and the duty on
them was about $58 ton. To-day
rails are made and sold in the uniteil
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1901-09-06

dethroned her, was the greatest iron
and steel producing country in the
world. Yet in 1855, when Bessemer an
aounced his discovery to the incredu-
lous world. Great Britain produced only
$4,000 tons of steel. But In 1899 she
produced 4,855,0O0 tons, or over nine
ty-seven times the quantity made for
ty-four years earlier. In the same year
the total production Of the world was
26,595,OO tons. But 1t was long years
after Bessemer made this output posi-
BILE before her late gracious majesty
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1901-09-06
MElssoNlER's CUTE GARDENER
How He Planted Fish E9xs and Grew
Red Herring.

How He Planted Fish Eggs and Grew
Red Herring.
A good story Is being told about q
gardener who was for.s many years in
the service Of Messonier.
= This gardener was.not only wonder
fully skilled in the. art Of cultivating
fowers*and vegetables, but he also was
a true scientist, and as he was endowed
with phenomenal memory he was
able to give offhand the botanical name
of any plant that was shown to him.
Some of his employers friends fire.
quently tried to battle him by handing
him seeds or cuttings Of exotic or other
out-of-the-way plants, but they never
succeeded.
Now, MISSIONER was proud of him,
but he vowed that he, would, once at
least, bewilder him, and one day, while
Emile Augierz.was dining with him, he
summoned the gardener, and taking
from his pocket small paper package,
in which he had previously placed some
eggs Of dried herring, he said to him:
Here are some curious seeds. Can
you tell me what they are?" sst4s ,r
'Of course I can, sir,' replied the
gardener, and after examining them
for moment or two he gave them a
most impressive Latin name. r
IF you SOW them now," asked the
painter, ''how long will it take for them
to appear above ground?'
"a fortnight" was the reply.
SWELL" said MISSIONER, Il wish you
would sow them at once, for, I am
curious to see what>kind of plant it is. -
A fortnight later Emile Angler, de-
string to see the end of this joke, came
to breakfast at the painters villa, and
as he and his host were at table the
gardener presented himself and said:
IF you gentlemen will oblige me by
stepping into the garden I will show
you the plants that those curious seeds
have produced"
The two friends followed him to the
conservatory, where he pointed out to
them twelve odd-looking objects in a
box filed with freshly watered brown
earth. They stopped to examine them
more closely, and the next moment
they burst into shouts Of laughter, for
the strange objects were the heads of
twelve red behring's.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1901-09-06

the Queen rewarded him with knight
hood. "Steel," says trade writer, lis
the most precious material which ia
used by engineers, for it Is the great
est triumph Of the latter half Of the
closing century, as steam locomotion
was that of the earlier"
Thirty years ago iron took first rank
among the metals most useful to man
But steel Is employed to-day for almost
every purpose for which iron was then
used, and for many others, and the
time Is near when, except for few spe-
cial articles, the iron age will have
passed away, as those Of stone and
bronze have departed.
And yet, the basis of steel is cast iron,
to the extent of more than SO parts in
the 100 in most specimens. Thus, 49,
100000 tons Of pig iron were used in
1899 in the manufacture Of the world
steel.
The steel Of which your knives are
made, though strong, breaks off abrupt
~ when overstrained. The steel with
little carbon, though strong, can be bent
and tied into knots, and 1t will stretch
one-fourth Of Its own length before it
parts in two. The first Is so strong that
a bar of an inch square will support q
load Of sixty or seventy tons, the Sec
ond will only sustain half as much. The
first kind Is termed cast. because it is
prepared in crucibles; the second is
called mild steel, because it is of so &C.
commodating and yielding a nature,
enduring almost any amount of ham
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1901-09-06

with caSt-irOn to make steel. Now,
mctallurgically speaking, there is moth
ing in common between iron and steel.
copper; vet the addition Of one part of
carbon to 90 parts Of cast iron con-
verts the mass into steel fit for the
manufacture Of the best cutlery, and
it Is worth about $500 a ton made up.
1t is not like the steel that IS used for
bridges and ships, which cannot be
made to take an edge suitable for cut
ting. Yet there is not much difference.
The steel from which ships, rails, ETC.,
are made costs only from $50 to $50 4
ton. yet it has only little less carbon.
from one-fifth to one-tenth of that in
cutlery steel.
Without the small bit of carbon. iron
all element Of construction. for cast
iron also contains it, only in different
proportions from steel.
There are many steels besides those
III which carbon Is the principal agent,
including manganese steel, chrome
steel. Harveyized steel, nickel, Krupped,
etc. But these are manufactured for
special functions only, and nearly all
the steel made in the world to which
civilization owes so much is insigniti-
cant in itself, turning up in various
aliases. In the uninviting form of SCOT
and coke, in the flashing diamond, in
charcoal. in the black lead pencil. in
plumbago, it is the same essential ele.
ment. We do not know in what way
so slight trace Of this element works
so tremendous a change in common
iron. transforming it into most aristo-
cratic steel. 1t is believed that iron
holds carbon in solution, as sea water
holds its salts.
Revolution of 1855.
1t was not until 1855 that the age of
steel began to dawn. But it dawned
slowly, and the world was relucta Mt
to welcome it. In the year mentioned
"Bessemer read paper before the
British Association at Cheltenham
which, though the most importan n,
technical contribution of the nineteenth
century, provoked only merrimen,
among the members. On the morning
of that day Mr.. Bessemer, when al
breakfast at his hotel. overheard an
ironmaster, to whom he was unknown
say laughingly to friend: DO YOU
know that there is =. somebody come
down from London to read US a pape,
on making steel from cast iron withou,
fuel? Did you ever hear of such non
.sense:' To these ironmasters> the thin1
~, huge joke. 1t is useless to search
x that paper in the report OF, the yea
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1901-09-06

States for about $50 a ton, and this
country, in which so many gigantic
fortunes have been made by the Besse-
mer process, has honored the inventor
by naming seven towns and cities after
him.
A few years after the Bessemer con-
verter was introduced william Siemens
produced steel Of similar quality to
Besemer's, but in an entirely different
method, using large "open hearth"
furnace, in which the iron was first
purified previous to the addition Of car
bon. 1t is said that Abram S. Hewitt
was the first American to use the "open
hearth" process. The maker Of Bes-
semer steel, on the other hand, pours
pig iron into a converter, and while the
iron is in a molten condition drives
hurricane Of air through it, and burns
out the carbon, sulphur and other i'm
purities, leaving pure, soft iron. Then
a small measured quantity Of an alloy
Of iron with carbon Is introduced,
which contains the exact amount Of
carbon and manganese required to con-
vert the iron into steel Of the precise
quality wanted. And, presto! In five
minutes it is ready to pour like a
stream Of liquid gold into the ingot.
Within twenty minutes Of the entry Of
the pig, the steel is produced.
The Age of Steel.
Many OF us have been born since the
advent Of the age Of steel. We enjoy
it's advantages quite as a matter Of
course, and scarce bestow a passing
thought upon it. But consider how
much we should have lost If the inven-
tons of Bessemer and Siemens had not
been given to the world. Then your
trains would not have been so luxuri-
GUS, nor so swift-these are only posi-
bic on track of steel. The heavy fast
trains Of the present day would have
crushed the iron rails of the COS out
Of shape. Steel, moreover. is used for
railway wheels and axles, and for the
frames which support the cars. To this
material, therefore, the democratic
passenger owes his seat in a vesti-
buled car in the fastest expresses, his
dining car, and berth in the sleeper, be-
cause steel permits the use of faster,
longer and heavier trains than iron
ever did.
On the ocean the influence Of steel Is
equally apparent Without cheap steel
the ocean ferry between the United
States and Europe could not be crossed
in six days, nor that to the Antipodes
in a month, because iron ships OF the
same strength and capacity would be
heavier, and the cost of propelling the
added weight would absorb the profit
At the present time, for one ship built
Of iron there are more than ninety-nine
constructed Of steel. A modern liner
approprlates enormous quantities Of
steel. The Oceanic at the time of
launching contained in her hull, with
out any machinery, about 1000 tons.
The fifteen boilers In the Oceanic, each
Of which is sixteen feet in diameter,
weigh LOO tons.
Without steel we should have no ar
mored navy worthy of the name.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1901-09-06
MADE FROM CASTIRON
How Bit of Carbon Bro ught About
an Industrial Revolution.
Arabian Nights Tale of Enchantment-
The Stupid World of Science Laughed
Wien the Wonderful Secret Was
Made KnOwn-Some Of the Marvels
Wrought-TheD Debt Mankind Owes
to Two Men-This a Steel Age.

Steel is king To it in a large meas
ure America owes her industrial and
commercial supremacy. Yet only few
years ago steel entered very little into
the worlds manufactured products out
side cutlery and numerous small ar
ticlcs. In the making Of steel, Ameri-
cas- primacy is recognized, and, so
rapid has been her progress in this
field of activity, she is likely soon to
put Great Britain out of business as
an important source Of the worlds
supply. Yet it was an Englishman,
Henry Bessemer, afterward knighted
by Queen Victoria, who discovered the
process Of converting cast-iron into
steel at nominal cost, and thereby
revolutioniZed the worlds industries;
and it was to England that America
had to go to learn the process and Sc
cure the right to use It,
The process is simple. but its discov.
cry has APPLY been characterized as the
most wonderful single incident in the
nineteenth century. 1t is an interest
ing story; it's narration is timely, too,
Ill We" VI luc pIOmluellCe SLeel uAS
been brought into by it's commercial
triumph. the organization of the steel
trust, and the Industrial war in which
the steel trust and organized labor en-
gagged.
The Besscmer process Of ready steel
making consists Of mixing diamonds
with cast-ron. That is u startling state
ment, but it is practically true. At least
1t is true in this sense: A diamond Is
composed of carbon. Carbon is mixed
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1901-09-06
His Misfortune.

WHAT is the matter, Tommy" asked
the mother of the small boy in tears.
I'm lonesome. The other boys
wouldn't play fair" :: -.
"What was the gamer
1--WE were playing United States Sem
ate. resigned and the other boys for
got to coax me back."-Washfneto
star. ,.-~... tx. 50 ..s5
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1901-09-06

Rate at Which Infants Should Grow.
An infant should double It's weight
In six months, and treble 1t in a year,
provided it is a healthy child, and its
nutrition is in every way satisfactory,
says a writer in the Journal of Hy-
eiene. II a child does not increase at
the rate of one pound month during
the first year Of life, and twelve ounces
a month during the second year, it's
nutrition Is not satisfactory. If child
does not grow nearly three-quarters of
an inch every month during the first
wear Of life and half an inch a month
during the second year Of life, it is not
satisfactory. The latter is, Of course,
not of the same importance as the for
mer. Clearly, premature children
would not be 80 large, though they
should increase at about the same
ratio. - e.