The times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1897-1901, 1901-04-07

I
| telligence and greater physical deXterity-
| Greater cerebration was needed to sur
| viNe. Man was compelled to do greater
amount of thinking in order to protect
| himself from wild animals and other
inimical Influences. He acquired, there
fore, superior mentality, an lntelll-
gence superior to those of his race VINO
remained in their old home. New KINGS
| of foods were found and tested by these
immigrants all Of which acted in giving
| to him new physical and mental charac-
| teristics of higher quality.
With higher intelligence new stand
| ard OF excellence and beauty was estab-
| lished. in part physical and to a degree
mental and psychical. These qualifica-
! lions were transmitted and concentrated
| in their progeny through the operation of
the old law of natural selection. Color
has especially been looked upon by all
races of mankind, savage as well as civil
lied, as one of the physical conditions
which faVorably impressed itself upon the
species. This would. therefore. be one
of the physical properties which would be
most sought after for furtherance and
rerpetuation in the offspring. 1t is the
50 me with the higher animals, and even
among insects where ii is especially no
ticeahle.
Darwin, in his chapter on Natural Sc
lection refers to this when he says:
we know that the color of the skin is
regarded by men of all races as a high
ly important element of their beauty, so
that 1t is a characteristic which would be
likely to be modified through selection,
as has occurred in innumerable instances
with the lower animals. Differences OF
climate have marked influence. as the
lungs and kidneys are brought into fuller
activity under low temperature and the
liver and skin under high one. Man
stature is influenced by local conditions
even in the same country and under APP
parentiy the same climatic conditions.
million soldiers of the civil war were
measured by the United States Govern
ment, and IL was noted that soldiers
from certain States exceeded in height
those from other sections of the coun-
tr-. The conclusion was, therefore,
reached that local conditions produced
the difference.
Continuing Mr.. Darwin says: The di-
rect and definite action of changed con-
ditiors is a perpleXing subject. II can
not he denied that changed conditions
produce some effect. and occasionally a
considerable effect. ON organisms of all
if sufficient time were allowed, this
would be the invariable result There
can, however, be no doubt that changed
conditions induce an almost indefinite
amount of fiuctuating variability by
which the whole organism is rendered
in some degree plastic. Local influences
of some kind act directly on stature.
With the changed conditions which sur
rcunCed the emigrants from the low
lands of the coast and the Malaysian
Islands and consequent increase of in
teiligence which instinctively operated in
perpetuating the elements of superiority
acquired by their new upland life. new
and higher race of man was developed.
NEWER RACES DEVELOPED.
The wandering instinct still was in
them and this new race -sread out and
reached new territory. This was doubt
less due to an increase in numbers and
the consequent need for better or in
creased food supply. Some of these peo-
pie went back to the coast and the Ma
laysian Islands, the cradle of their ances-
try and there found the Negrito. the I'M
changed descendant of the original race
from which they sprang The Negrite
was small and less intelligent than his
more highly developed brother, who drove
him before him and took his land. In
the Philippines We find the Malay pre-
dominating and the little Negrito driven
to the mountain fastness. forced there
by his own kin who had the advantage
Of better external environment. The
Ncgrito has remained for thousands of
years on the spot where man first ap-
peared and remains little changed from
the original human type. While the Ma
lay. whose highest type is the Tagal
and Niscayau, on the Island of Luzon,
is his master and still vigorous and in
teliigent enough to worry this Govern
ment in its attempts to subjugate him.
When the Malay of the continental up
lands swept down on to the coast he not
only drove his little NegTito cousin to the
outlying islands. but to Australia and
Africa. where for long time the NegritO
was left undisturbed by a superior race. A
glance at the map of Asia will show
vast sheet OF water separating the ancient
seat of mankind from Africa, and the
question naturally arises how did the es-
Gaping Negrito get there In the very low
state of intelligence at that time even
among the Malay, it is impossible to sup
pose that primitive man had a sufficient
knowledge of maritime matters to enable
him TO build boats large enough 10 sail
in safely over this vast sheet of water,
the Indian Ocean. As a matter Of fact no
no he Il rot tnIIf got
there he did and is there today ., eco 600
strong. 1t Is offered as possible solu-
ton that the Indian Ocean was either
dotten with chain of Islands compare
lively close to one another to enable the
Negrito to pass in canoes or small boats
from one island TO another until finally the
thought by some anthropOlOgists. there
was at one time a large continent lying
between the southern coast Of Asia
and the eastern coast Of Africa
muria. like Atlantis, Is purely hypotheu-
cal, and is offered only as a possible solu-
ton to the problem Of the emigration of
the Asiatic Negrito. il Is d question about
which so little is known as to be regarded
as a sort of dream. Anthropologists as a
rule, are unwilling TO discuss it seriously.
While there was return TO the coast
lands OF the higher Malayan race. yet
some remained and others spread far
Their inland and to still higher attitudes.
the Hlmalaya mountain country. This
81 pbe, and If altitude has anything to do
with the whitening Of the human skin.
AMI scientists tell MS IL has. then we
ought to find the whitest man here In
vestigation develops the fact that the
whitest races Of mankind were developed
here and that the Himalaya Mountains
are the cradle of the Caucasian or white
race. There is, therefore. no break in the
chain Of reasoning which facts have
backed up.
The various types Of the negro and
dark races are. therefore. but variations
of common black stock, the Negrito,
modified as to form. feature, color and
culture, by external conditions and
mode of life demanded by these condi-
tons The negro Of the Sudan, in Africa.
the bushman of Australia, and the Ma
laysian Islands and the American In
dams, a type Of humanity found no
where except on the Western Continent
and the Caucasian or white man Is but
"A modification Of the original black man
Of Southern Asia. At first when man and
moved from their original site to some
other section Of the world there was
isolation and if there were present new
environments there would be variation
of some kind in the immigrant and when
time enough has been spent under these
new changed conditions these variations
Will become hercditable as racial charac-
telistics. In the tide of human emigra-
tion the negro was most widely distrib-
uted. lie was suppla1ted by the Malay,
who in turn had to give place TO the
American Indian. or Amerind. as he is
now termed by authropologists. The
white man has about pushed him off the
carlh and who will succeed the white
man is a piece of information that some
one in future years will have TO solve
1t is curious fact that while in all the
lower animals the tendency is to keep
racial Characteristics pure, to draw the
lines of distinction between species hard
and fast by not breeding with another spe-
cies the tendency Of the races of man is
to conveyance: TO obliterate racial lines.
II is not impossible. therefore. that the