davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1901-01-10
FARM AND GARDEN,
MATTERS OF INTEREST," 70
AGRlcULTURisTs.
Some rp-to-Date Hints About Cn,tiva-
tion of the Soil and Yields Thereof
Horticuiture. yit,culturs and Eloricul-
ture.
Smut Of Dat, and wheat

~
Press bulletin Ga OF the Kansas Ex-
pertinent station has the following to
say on the smut Of oats and wheat:
Smut OF Oats.-The spores gain an
entrance during the termination Of
the Seed II the spores sticking to the
surface of the grain can be killed the
disease can be almost wholly prevent
ed. To kill the spores the seed is
soaked in hot water or In certain
chemicals. The hot-water treatment
is the cheapest, but on small quanti-
ties 1t is not so convenient of applica-
ton as the other method. To apply
the hot>water treatment. soak the seed,
oats in water heated to temperature
of 1873 degrees Fahrenheit. The grain,
In about half-bushel quantities, Is
placed in sack, wire netting cage, or
other closed receptacle allowing free
access Of water, and plunged in the
water, which should be in large tub,
Kettle or vat. It should be kept in the
water, being meantime rotated and
plunged, about ten minutes. A Their
mometer should be at hand constantly,
Tor II the temperature is too high the
seed will be injured, and If too low
the smut will not be killed. It Is a
good plan to dip the seed first into
water about ITO degrees to 120 degrees
Fahrenheit, SO that the hotter water
will not be SO much cooled by the
process. After treating the seed is
spread out on a floor to dry. The sec
ond method for treating oat smut is to
soak the seed for twenty four hours in
solution Of flower of sulphur, one and
one-half pounds in twenty-five gallons
OF water. Care should be taken to
completely wet all the grains. The
solution should be kept in a wooden
vessel.
Sinking Smut OF Wheat.-Wheat is
affected by two smuts. One the stink
ing smut, or bunt, remains within the
grain and is observed only when the
covering to the grain is broken, when
the interior is found to be mass of
black dust or spores. This can be pre-
vented by the hot-water treatment, as
described for oat smut, or it can be
treated as follows: Soak the seed in
solution of copper sulphate (blue-stone
or blue vitriol) for twelve hours and
taen for five or ten minutes in solu-
ton of lime. The solution of copper
sulphate is made by dissolving one
POUND Of copper sulphate in twenty
our gallons of water. The lime solu-
zion is made by shaking one pound OF
fresh quick lime in ten gallons Of
water. The copper solution must be
Kept in a wooden vessel.
Loose Smut of Wheat.-The second
kind Of smut on wheat is the common,
conspicuous sort which makes the
whole head a black mass. To prevent
this kind Of smut, soak seed four hours
IN cold water, set away in the wet
sacks for four hours more and then
Great with hot water as described for
oat smut, but soak at 1872 degrees for
only five minutes. The seed is likely
to be injured some, SO one-half more
seed should be used than would other
wise be required.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1901-01-10

There are many orchards In Okla
homa that have suffered q heavy and
unnecessary loss during the last sum-
mer from the attacks Of borers. Many
farmers do not notice that there is
anything wrong with the trees until
the leaves turn yellow and begin to
fall in midsummer. After this stage
has been reached there is little hope
for the tree and it dies before frost.
A glance at the tree will be sufficient
to see that the bark on the trunk is
dead and black in irregular spots and
lines. Just beneath the dead bark is
the borers burrow filled with worm
dust. The borer is too familiar to re-
quire description. He works up and
down the side Of the tree and finally
burrows to the center. When two or
three borers get into the same tree the
trunk is girdled and the tree killed, In
many cases the borer works on only
one side of the tree.
If large spot of bark Is killed, the
bark and woods begin to rot and are
soon filled with mushroom growth.
This mushroom breaks through the
bark Of the tree and develops the fruit
ing portion on the outside of the
trunk. The fruiting part is white and
resembles that which is seen on rot
ten logs. II the tree dies the rot is
then supposed to be the cause of it's
death. The rot may hasten the death
OF the tree. but tree that is sound
and free from blemishes is very sell
dom II ever attacked by this rot.
The best thing to do is to keep the
tree free from borers and other inju-
r1es. The land should be kept free
from grass and weeds and well culti-
waited. Good, clean cultivation is worth
more than all the washes and dress
ings that can be applied to prevent
borers.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1901-01-10
horticultural Observations.

The defenders of the Ben Davis
apple are finding much comfort In a
little incident that occurred at Paris at
the close of the fruit exhibit. The
American apples were sold at auction,
and the man who purchased them re-
sold them at profit. For one barrel
7 he received $40, and on inquiry 1t is
learned that this barrel Of apples con-
sisted Of Ben Davis only. They sim
ply out-sold all of their competitors,
the said competitors being fruits that
at home bring much higher price
than the Ben Davis apple. This is en-
couraging news to the men who are
putting out great orchards Of this va
riety. The well-developed Ben Davis
apple, grown in the southern parts of
Illinois, Indiana and Missouri, has a
beautiful color and good flavor, and is
bound to make place for itself on the
French market.
France, and, in fact, all of the coun-
cries of western Europe, offer great
field for the sale of American apples at
a high price. The people in those
countries raise a great many apples,
but they are all Of the summer and
fall sorts, and are all gone by Christ
mas. The Europeans seem to have
failed to comprehend the possibility in
the raising of long keeping varieties.
AS consequence, the few apples that
find their way to the French market in
late winter sell for an exorbitant
price. Last March, Mr.. Dunlap tells
us, apples sold in Paris at $40 each.
The French are unable to keep fruit
for the reason that they have no cold
storage facilities and know nothing
about cold storage. We believe that
the nor future will see an immense
trade in bookkeeping varieties of ap-
pies. The cost of shipping barrel OF
apples from Chicago to Paris is about
81, which includes tariff duties at the
French port Of entry.
H. M. Dunlap says that the fruit
growers Of Illinois should be highly
elated at securing premiums from the
French judges who awarded them.
The French awarding committee is a
remarkable institution. 1t consists Of
twenty men, with the leading pomolo-
gist Of France at their head. These
men never appear in the exhibition
room except with tall hats, dress suits
and their. badges OF Office. He thus
describes the incident of the awarding
to Illinois of perfect" on one Of the
exhibits: "The French Judged every
thing in the fruit line on the scale OF
twenty points, and Of course it was
difficult to get more than eighteen
points for the best displays, as even
they could not be generally considered
perfect. One day, however. after new
exhibit had been installed, the twenty
functionaries appeared. The head OF
the line reached the table Of the I'LL
nois exhibit and the stately procession
stopped. The bead seemed to be i'm
mensely pleased at the beautiful show
made byr the Illinois fruit. and ex-
claimed, 1'Ah. messi{trs, tres jolie,
tres bien. tres bien. Eingt." And the
nineteen dbther men afSwered in Choir
US. "oui. Soui." WIFI being inter-
preted. meAans, "Ah. kentlemen, very
pretty, very good ver9good: Twenty
And the OF hers answeed "Yes, yes
It is evideI It that the. De coloring In
1 eha America N apples he an inDres,
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1901-01-10

TOUR OF ALL MEXICO.
In Pullman's finest Compartment
Drawing Room, Library. Observation
and Dining Cars-all Vestibuled- with
the celebrated
OPEN TOP CAR ''CH1LILITLr
for Observation in the Mountains and
Canyons and Dining. Car in the Trop.
les.
A delightful trip Of SO days with
Three Circle Tours in the Tropics OF
the South Of Mexico and visit to the.
Ruined Cities.
All exclusive features OF these itin-s
eraries Of leisurely travel and long
stops The, Special Train starts Tues
day, January %, from Chicago.
TOUR OF PUERTO RICO.
Special Pullman Cars leave Chicago
Thursday. January IL, and Thursday,
February Ia, at $3.50 a. M, connecting
with the splendid new steamships
Ponce and San Juan sailing from New
York the second day following. In
dividual Tickets sold for other sailing
dates, alternate Saturdays.
i TICKETS INCLUDE ALL EXPENSES
EVERYWHERE.
These select limited parties will b
under the special escort and manage
ment OF The American Tourist Assoc
citation. Reau Campbell, General
Manager 1923 Marquette Building,
Chicago.
Itineraries, Maps and Tickets can Be
had on application to Agents Of the
Chicago. Milwaukee & st. Paul rails
way.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1901-01-10
A south African Joke.

Tommy Atkins had taken a BoeY
prisoner. and, theltwo getting friendly.
talked about the prospects of the war.
You may as well give 1t up; you will
never win" said the Boer. Coos
why?" asked Tommy. Because we've
the Lord on our side." said the Boer.
earn said Tommy, with great con-
tempt; why, we've three lords on GU,
side, and one OF 'em's made bloomin
bass of 'imself. y" East London (Cape
Colony Dispatch.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1901-01-10

A number OF short stories by Will
liam Waldorf Aston that have appeared
from time to time in the English mag
azines have now been collected and
will shortly appear in book form In
this country and In England under the
title Of "Pharaoh's Daughter and Other
StorieA''
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1901-01-10

They are a great acquisition to our
water fowls. being hardy, easily rear
ed, excellent table fowls. good layers.
while their yield OF feathers is nearly
as great as of any ordinary goose.
They are creamy white in plumage,
with medium-sized deep yellow bill,
and legs of reddish orange color.
They are large in size, and their fluffy
feathers make them look still larger.
While swimming no other duck shows
SO much body above the water as the
Pekin. The eggs hatch we'll, the duck
lings are easily raised and mature rap
idly. They are excellent foragers, and
can be easily raised where there is
only sufficient water for them to drink.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1901-01-10

Horses in tho North Central Division.
The census report of domestic ami
mails, just published, credits Illinois
with 23S,650 horses, of which 233,807
are animals two years old and over.
OF the remainder 2,237 are colts of one
year aud under two years. 1t is in
credible that the supply Of colts under
one year is only 2,6O6, but 1t serves to
emphasize the predictions of the
Farmers Review relative to a horse
famine one OF these days. Indiana has
still smaller stock, according to this
report, the number Of horses over two
years Of age being 124,072. the number
OF colts one year and under two, 1,448,
and Of colts under one year, 1,737. The
Missouri horse statistics are not much
better, viz: Horses two years old and
over, 124,952; colts one and under two
years, 1904; colts under one year, l.
247. Michigan's supply Of two-year-
old horses is given as 100,4 10; Of colts
one and under two years, 1913; Of colts
under one year, 872. Ohio has 1885,
6S3 two-year-olds, 1902 one year old
and over, 1,S11 under one year. Wis
consin S3,446 two-year-olds, 879 colts
one year and under two years, and 874
under one year. Iowa has 147,275
horses two years old and over, 1861
one year and under two, and 1852 colts
under one year, larger number of
young colts than Is credited to any
other state. Kansas is reported as hay-
ing S1,687 horses two years old and
over, l, 1872 one year old and under two,
and l.77S under one year. Kentucky,
SO famed for its horses is allowed 49,
757 horses two years old and over, 585
colts one year and under two, and $50
colts under one year. Minnesota Is
said to possess almost, twice as many
horses as Kentucky, or 82,994 horses
two years old and over, 976 colts one
year and under two. and 1.093 colts un-
der one year.
It was generally thought that Eng
fish jockeys could give pointers to all
the world in the matter OF horse rae
ing. But Tod Sloan went over and
showed them new style, by means OF
which he beat the best jockeys in
England. He sat much further for
ward than the English riders, and 1t
has been found by actual test that a
rider SO perched, besides being easier
on the horses wind, enables the horse
to make from four to seven inches
longer stride than IL he rode In the
good old English style. The result Of
this is that Yankee Jockeys have had
great run Of engagements and the
English are training their younger
Jockeys TO ride American fashion.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1901-01-10

are sins and there are sufferings all
around about us, but as in some bitter
cold winter day when we are thrash
Ing our arms around us to keep our
thumbs from freezing we think of the
warm spring day that will after awhile
come, or in the dark winter night we
look up and we see the northern lights,
the windows Of heaven illumined by
some great victory, just So we look up
from the night of suffering and sorrow
and wretchedness in our cities, and we
see light streaming through from the
other side, and we know we are on the
way to morning-more than that, on
the way to "a morning without
clouds"
want you to understand, all you
who are toiling for Christ, that the
castles Of sin are all going to be cap
tured. The victory for Christ in these
great towns is going to be SO complete
that notla man on earth or an angel
in heaven or devil in hell will dis
pute it. How do know? l know it
1ust as certainly as God lives and that
this is holy truth. The old Bible is
full Of it. The nation is to be saved;
Of course, all the cities are to be saved.
1t makes great difference with you
and with me whether we are toiling
on toward defeat or toiling on toward
q victory.
Lessening tho Burdens.
In that; day of which I speak taxes
will be mere nothing. Now our bust
ness men are taxed for everything. City
taxes. county taxes, state taxes, United
States taxes, stamp taxes, license taxes,
manufacturing taxes-taxes, taxes,
taxes! Our business men have to make
small fortune every year to pay their
taxes. What fastens on our great in
dustries this awful load? Crime, in
dividual and official. We have to pay
the board of the villains who are in
'carcerated in our prisons. We have to
take care Of the orphans of those who
plunged into their graves through
beastly indulgence. We have to sup
port the municipal governments. which
are expensive just in proportion as the
criminal proclivities are vast and ire
mendous. Who supports the aims
houses and police stations and all the
machinery of municipal government?
The taxpayers.
But in the glorious time of which l
speak grievous taxation will all have
ceased. There will be no need Of sup
porting criminals. There will be no
criminals. Virtue will have taken the
place Of vice. There will be no orphan
asylums. for parents will be able to
leave competency to their children.
There will be no voting of large sums
Of moneys for some municipal i'm
provement, which moneys, before they
get to the Improvement, drop into the
pockets Of those who voted them. No
oyer and terminer kept up at vast ex-
pense to the people. No impaneling Of
juries to try theft ami arson and MUIR
der and SANDER and blackmail. Bet
ter factories, grander architecture,
liner equipage, larger fortunes, richer
opulence-"a mora ng without clouds"
Churches Mol Large Enough.
In our great cities the churches are
not today large enough to hold more
than fourth Of the population. The
churches that are buiIt comparatively
few Of them are fullA occupied. The
average attendance In HE churches Of
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1901-01-10
Mortality Among wr,d Birds.

One Of the best living authorities on
wild birds lately stated his opinion
that OF the eggs Of wild birds an ave-
rage Of about SO per cent Matched, and
that about one-half Of those hatched
reached maturity. Curiously enough,
practical poultrymen count upon the
same average in the artificial incubat-
ing and brooding Of chickens. The
mortality in the two cases is evidently
only partially due to like causes.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1901-01-10
"A VETERAN SPEAKS,
The Honorable Moses b. Crane Of NJ
coma, WASH, Tells How Old Soldiers
May Help Themselve

May Help Themselves.
Tacoma, Wash, Jan. S, 1901.-(Spe-
cial.) 81 used to have Heart Disease,
but thanks to Dodds Kidney Pills
now have Hearts Ease.
Five years ago was continual
sufferer of Heart Disease Exposure
during the war, and a tendency to grow
over f1eshy, had greatly aggravated
this dread disease often had to sit up
half the night. l had it SO bad when !
would lie down. Life looked pretty blue
to me, as thought there was no relief.
until one day read an advertisement
of Dodd's Kidney Pills. bought box
that same day, and it was the best
days work ever did Before had
used all the first box / could eat and
sleep better than I had done for many
years, and after three months faithful
treatment, my health was completely
restored. am an old man now, but
my step is as elastic and my brain az
clear as when l was thirty years Of
age"
These are the words Of the Hon.
Moses B. Crane. secretary Of Odin
Lodge, No. 1913, i. o. o. p. Of this city.
The Hon. Mr.. Crane is also Senior
Commander of G. a. r. Post No
5. Tacoma.
Those who know Mr.. Crane have the
fullest confidence in his honesty and
truthfulness. and know that he would
not give this unsolicited testimonial
unless he had actually experienced the
relief which he indicates in his letter.
Dodd's Kidney Pills are having a Won
derful sale among Mr.. Cranes friends
and their name is legion-in this
part of the country There does
seem to be a single case Of Heart
ease, Kidney or Bladder Weakness, Or
Rheumatism, that Dodd's Kidney Pills
do not permanently cure.
Silence speaks much, words more
and actions most of all.
( Any cough is serious enough 10
/ warrant prompt attention. It is
what it may result in that makes
cough dangerous. For all slight and
stubborn coughs, for grippe, lung
fever, bronchitis, asthma and other
throat and lung affections, you can
find no other remedy SO agreeable
and harmless, or SO promptly eft.
fective as Morley's Honey Pectoral.
Price rs cents. Ask your druggist. \
We get the professional beggar
with a touch of winter.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1901-01-10
OF law there can be NO less -
knowledged than that her voice IL
the harmony Of the world. Rich.
Tho Now Cup Defl.nd.

Now being built, is confidently expected
to be the fastest sailing vessel ever built.
It's construction Is being kept q secret.
but It is whispered that it vim easily
hold the cup. America Is rapidly coming
to the front "A good example Of this Il
In that famous household remedy, Hos
letters Stomach Bitters. which has de-
Tended health for half century past.
It holds the record for the cure Of dyspeD.
sia. indigestion constipation, neryousneaa.
biliousness and la grippe. D
Eight men with green hair have
been discovered by q Berlin profess
sor among 300 laborers who constant
ly handle copper. The phenomenon
IS one that it takes years to pro-
duce..
"A conductor was dismissed from q
street car company in Chicago short
time ago for an objectionable neg
lect of duty. A child was born in his
car and he became so nervous. and ex-
cited that he forgot to collect its
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1901-01-10
Pekin Ducks.

This breed Of ducks was imported
into this country from China in 1873.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1901-01-10

SAV SAASS0 oC$tcS CUQdy Is NOT xUU.
Now, in the glprious time OF which /
speak, there ATE going to be vast
churches, and they are going to be all
thronged with worshipefs. Oh, what
rousing songs they will sing! oh,
what earnest sermons they will preach!
Oh, what fervent prayers they will Of
fer! Now. in our time, what Is called
a fashionable church is a place where
few people, having attended very
carefully to their toilet, come and sit
down-they do not want to be crowded,
they like whole seat to themselves
and then, if they have any time left
from thinking of their store, and from
examining the style of the hat in front
OF them, they sit and listen to SER
mon warranted to hit no mans sins,
and listen to music which is rendered
by a choir warranted to sing tunes
that nobody knows! And then after
an hour and half Of indolent yawning
they go home refreshed. Every man
feels better after he has had sleep!
In many of the churches Of Christ in
our day the music is simply mockery.
l have not cultivated ear nor a cult
waited voice, vet no man can do my
singing for me. have nothing to say
against artistic music. The 81 or IS 1
pay to hear one of the great queens OF
song Is good investment. But when
the people assemble in religious con-
vocation, and the hymn is read, and
the angels of God step from their
throne to catch the music on their
wings, do not let us drive them away
by our Indifference. have preached
IN churches where vast sums Of money
were employed to keep up the music.
and 1t was as exquisite as any heard
on earth, but l thought at the same
time, for all matters practical,
would prefer the hearty, outbreaking
song of backwoods Methodist camp
meeting.
Praising God In Song.
Let one of these starveling fancy
songs sung in church get up before the
throne of God how would 1t look stand
ing amid the great doxologies of the
redeemed! Let the finest operate air
that ever went up from the church Of
Christ get many hours the start, it
will be caught and past by the hosanna
of the Sabbath school children. know
a church where the choir did all the
singing, save one Christian man who,
through perseverance Of the saints.
went right on, and afterward COM
mittee was appointed to wait on him
and ask him if he would not please to
stop singing, as it bothered the
choir.