davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1901-11-22
OUR ON SEA,

Omaha Bee: Senator McLaurin of
of our American merchant marine. In
an address a few days ago he said
that our weakness on the sea is the
one great danger from a commercial
point of Of view, that confronts the
nation. "The object of extending
government aid to the upbuilding Of
Laurin, "is to secure adequate pro-
lection for the nation upon the sea.
We do not want to see the isthmian
canal become merely a foreign high
way of m We do not want
our millions expended merely to. be-
come a bounty to foreign shipping.
1t should be an American highway
and we should SO develop our mercan-
tile marine that with the opening of
this great canal our own flag shall
predominant at the masthead of a
majority of the ships that it accom-
modates."
Whether or not Jul weakness on the
sea is al actual danger, no who
has given intelligent attention to the
matter can doubt that it places this
country at more or less of a disadvant-
age in the struggle for foreign trade.
That has long been evident in regard
to our trade with the countries to the
south and the same disadvantage must
appear in the trade with the Orient
if existing conditions continue. Next
in advantage to having the thing to
SELL" said President Mckinley, is to
have the convenience to carry it to
the buyer" which is an absolutely
sound proposition. A commercial ma
ton that must depend upon foreign
ships to carry it's products to the
worlds markets is handicapped and
while it may make progress, as the
United States has done in spite Of
this dependence, advance will be less
rapid and gains less secure than if
possessing the convenience to carry
it's products to the buyer.
No confident prediction can be made
respecting what the coming congress
will do to encourage the upbuilding
of an American merchant marine for
our foreign commerce., but there is
no doubt as to the great Importance
of a merchant marine to our
cial expansion.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1901-11-22
Goes to Portland, Maine.

Fort oWrth, Nov. 21.-Although the
Fort Worth, Nov. 21:-Although' the
tional convention was held last night,
and its members today have been de-
parting for their homes, the executive
board remained to select the next
meeting place and transact other bust
ness. Portland, Maine; was chosen
as the place for holding the next con-
vention. The date will be fixed by
the executive board,
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1901-11-22
should thrive and the work Of the
operative obtain its highest reward
in a field capable of being made to

should thrive and the work Of the
operative obtain its highest reward
in a field capable of being made to
create the most generous demand.
But it must not be supposed that the
things we desire and need will come
to us without an effort on our part.
Like Helena we must be up and do
ing and by every can in our power
seek to induce others to come and
invest and help us build up the COM
munity in which the hopes and aspira-
tons of so many are centered. Like
Helena let us welcome the smallest,
while not overlooking the greatest,
and by doing what we may to encour
age and promote the interests of those
who do come show to others our will
ingness to aid and assist them in ev-
cry way in our power. If the ambi-
tons which so many entertain and
cherish as to the future of the city
are ever to be realized it is time that
those entertaining them were doing
as evidence that their de-
sires and wishes are stronger and
than a mere willingness to
let others do for them what they are
unwilling to do for themselves. Talk
and planning are well enough in their
way, but action counts for the most
n the accomplishments Of results of
he lasting and beneficial sort. Talk
has had its inning, now let work and
leeds have theirs.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1901-11-22
THE RAILROAD COMBINE.

Omaha Bee: The compact by which
the four great transcontinental rail-
roads, namely, Union Pacific, Southern
Pacific, Northern Pacific, and their
tributaries, the Central Pacific and
Burlington, have been placed under
the control of a single corporation
capitalized at $500, O00, 000 has been
consummated by the community of
interest magnates. This vast aggre-
cation, operated through the medium
of the Northern Securities company,
represents more than $4,000 miles of
railway capitalized at $1,545, 449, 600.
This gives a valuation of $66,521 per
mile for the railway octopus, in which,
as a matter of fact, more than two
thirds of the mileage is comprised of
branch lines and feeders.
Take. for example, the Union Pa
cific system, which is credited with
5,6O5 miles, and capitalized at $403,-
109, 100, or an average of $73,7O3 per
mile: Crediting the main line of the
Union Pacific with a mileage of 1850
miles, there remain 4,005 miles of
branch line feeders-which could be
duplicated with all modern equipments
at $4,000 per mile or less. Capitalized
at $4,000 per mile these branch lines
would represent in round figures, $780,
900. 900. while the main line would
represent $3.50, 900, 900, or an average
capitalization of $1s1,410 per mile.
The Burlington system, with a mile
age of 1910 miles, is stocked and bond.
ed for 1856, 736, 800, or $35,314 per mile,
Crediting the main line of the >Burling.
ton system with a mileage OF 1000
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1901-11-22
ONLY A GLOVE CONTEST.

Butte Inter Mountain: News comes
from Billings telling that a prize fight
is announced as a special form Of en-
tertainment in the Magic City in the
immediate future. The city govern
ment of Billings should note that
prize fighting-1ike the behavior of
Mary's little lambs against the rules
and the state law should be enforced,
though the heavens fall.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1901-11-22
STRONG FRIEND GAINED.

Now that the president has given it
out that he intends to embody in his
message to congress his views on the
irrigation question end will recon-
mend the %advisability of national aid
in the direction of retaining the arid
lands of the trans-Missouri country,
the people of those regions may con-
graduate themselves on having gained
a signal advantage and take new hope.
While it is true that the president
can do no more than merely advice or
recommend, it is equally true that
any suggestion or recommendation
from him is bound to receive due and
courteous consideration from the body
to which it is made.
Another hopeful aspect of the situa-
ton is afforded in that fact that since
the last session of congress the east
rn senators and representatives have
earned more about irrigation than
they knew before. Many of them have
been in the west since then and have
familiarized themselves with the, con-
ditions as they exist here and have
come to understand that the demands
of the west have not been wholly in
spired by selfish regard for local in
terests only. The spread of knowledge
has not been confined to congressman
only. Others have interested them
selves in the matter and by reading
and personal inquiry and observation
a large contingent has been created
among the commercial and industrial
elements of the east who have come to
realize the benefit it would be to the
entire nation to have the agricultural
area of the United States increased
and extended to the extent it will be
when the now unproductive lands OF
the west are rendered susceptible to
cultivation and made contributing fac.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1901-11-22
THE ORGAN RECITAL.
Last Nights Entertainment a Rare
Musical Success.

There raj a large audience at the
the recital given by Vernon Edward
Matlack of Chicago, assisted by local
talent. Never before in the~history Of
Billings have the people enjoyed as
rare a musical treat. This was in
part due to the fine new vocation,
which was-~formally opened to the
lection in tone is a complete success.
Mr.. Matlack handled the instrument
with much skill, not only proving him
self to be a perfect interpreter, but
playing with a brilliancy and under:
standing that was most effective.
Miss Alice Walk, whose voice is
full, rich and under perfect control,
sang 'Madrigar' by Victor Harris. d..
MeCloud's full baritone voice was
heard to good advantage in "Good-bye
Sweet Day" by Kate Vannah.
Miss Martha Tompkins' sang before
the public for the first time since her
return from her summer course in
voice culture, and completely charm
ed the audience with her bird-like
voice, which was never heard to bet
ter advantage than in Willamette"
and Irish Love Song"
j. A. GiIluly's solos are always look
ed forward to eagerly. and the appre-
ciative audience was not disappointed
in his number, eff l We're King" The
song suited his voice we'll and he sang
it Understandings.
The performers delighted their au-
dience to such an extent that each
one was obliged to respond to an en-
core, which was done most graciously.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1901-11-22
miles, its branch lines would aggre-
gate a mileage of $3.50 miles. The

miles, its branch lines would aggre-
gate a mileage of $3.50 miles. The
greater part Of this mileage being To-
Gated east of the Missouri river, it's
duplication could be effected readily
for $4,000 per mile less than lines
west of that river. Capitalized at
$3.50 per mile the aggregate value
of the branch lines would be Sal, $780,
600, and the valuation of the main line
would therefore be $114, 1886, 800, or an
average of s71,s66 per mile,
The capitalization of the other lines
in the combination varies from $40,-
900 to 100000 per mile.
Conceding that the operation of
these lines under the community Of
interests plan will prevent future
rate wars and effect an enormous saw
ing in operating expenses and cost of
general supervision, it still remains
problematical whether these roads
can at all times and under all condi-
lions be depended upon to pay fixed
charges and interest upon this enor-
nous overcapitalization without levy
ing an extortionate tribute upon their
patrons. Granting that the country
west of the Mississippi has vast pos
sibilities of development and pos
seses almost boundless
there must come periods of general
depression, crop failures, and in
dustrial stagnation that will impair
the income of the transcontirental
lines and make 1t impossible for them
to more than pay fixed charges and
operating expenses.
This is precisely the most vulnera-
bic spot in the entire makeup of the
railway octopus. Before the combi-
nation was formed the capitalization
of the roads consisted of less than so
per cent Of bonded debt IN which fixed
charges had to be earned in addition
to operating expenses. While divi-
dends might be passed in hard times
uponthe stocks without b%ankrupting the
roads or seriously affecting their finan-
cial status, the community of interest
policy has been to convert a large
proportion Of the stocks into bonds
not merely at their face value, but,
as in the instance of the Burlington,
at double their face value, and on this
artificial valuation a 4 per cent semi
annual interest is guaranteed. In
other words, an 8 per CEN income is
guaranteed to the stockholders of the
Burlington on the face value of their
stocks, whether the crops are good or
bad, in prosperous years and in pan
icky years.
Can such a policy be sustained for
any great length Of time without a
terrific revulsion?. That question can
only be, solved after the lapse of years.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1901-11-22

While the railroad combine may not
be able to buy Governor Van SAINT,
that gentleman is likely to realize that
legislators are not so particular or
high priced, should he carry out his
resolution in regard to calling a spec
ial session to legislate against the
community Of interest" which just
now seems to a have a strangle hold
on Minnesota, as we'll as some of the
other commemorative to the west.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1901-11-22

The manner in which the city coun-
Gil disposed, OF the dray ordinance
shows that /the gentlemen whom it
was propggssed~ to legfslate onto the
south side of Montana avenue are not
the only ones who know how to sue
cessfully back out of a tight place.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1901-11-22
WRONG ONCE MORE.
Having SO often signally faile'

Having so often signally failed tc
guess correctly, 1t would seem thai
the democratic newspapers WOULD
cease their efforts to foretell the &C
ton that the great men of the oppo.
site party will take on matters of ma.
tional import and consequences. Ever
since the agitation concerning the re.
enactment of the Chinese exclusion
act has been on the board the demo.
cratic editors have unhesitatingly de-
clared and with the directness Of act
ual knowledge that President Roose-
welt would be found opposed to any
such legislation. In support of their
assertions they have advanced numer-
III reasons, chief among which, how
east, which they claim favors the I'M
restricted immigration of Cinnamon
and other aliens willing to accept the
lowest scale of wages and thereby
drive American labor from the field.
Boldly have they asserted that for
political reasons the president would
be found when the time came on the
side of the wealthy and. powerful en-
ployers and be a plant tool in their
hands for the degradation of Ameri-
can manhood and the debasement of
American labor. This they knew so
well that they sneered at all denials
and by allowing prejudice to take the
place of reason and ~partisanship to
dominate honesty insisted that they
were right in their assumption of opin-
ion and lacked the fairness to wait
until the president could be heard
from. It is not unfair to say that
the wish was the father of the thought,
for had such a thing happened it
would have furnished excellent polit-
zeal capital. especially in the west.
But as usual they guessed wrongly
and now owe an apology to- their read
ers for having sought to mislead and
deceive them. Although the message
has not yet been made public, Presi-
dent Roosevelt has already given as
that he will strongly urge
upon congress the necessity for legis-
lation intended to %re-enact the law
which is soon to expire by limitation.
He will go even further, and recon-
mend that the law be strengthened so
as to increase it's efficiency. Time
and it's practical application have
proved that the existing law is not
perfect and that under it's provisions
and construction many weak spots
that it contains can be improved and
the entire structure so changed and
amended that it will better and more
effectively subserve it's purpose.
The prompt announcement by the
president that such recommendation
was already a part of the message de-
prives the opposition of even the
small comfort they might derive from
the hope that if he did not actually
oppose legislation of that kind he
would remain silent and allow con-
gress to act without any suggestion
or advice from him.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1901-11-22
ITALIANS CONTROL VERMONT

New York Commercial: 1t is de-
clared on good authority that the Ital-
ian vote now governs the state of Yer
mont. This is a condition of things
that nobody ever expected to see,
and yet it exists. And these Italian
voters of Vermont are decent men and
good. citizens, too. Gradually, for the
past twenty years, they have quietly
crept over the borders. so to speak,
and with their wives and little one
have tranaped up there from New
York. Landing first in the larger
towns of the state and working with
the pick or establishing peanut and
fruit stands, then gradually spreading
out in. the country, and later rising,
OUT as farm hands, the women as we'll
as the men working in the fields, most
of them have now become measurably
independent. Practically all of them
are thrifty and of good morals.
After an Italian has worked a cou-
pie of years for a farmer, he invaria-
bly, offers to buy his farm. While the
Vermont. farmers-some of them
have spent most of their time sitting
around in the country stores making
maps of the United States in tobacco
juice all over the floor and sidewalks
and complaining that they could. not
make a living on their farms; that
the fruit trees no longer would bear;
that the cows yielded only poor milk;
that they had to hold their sheep up
by the tails while they nibbled the
grass between the rocks-al this time
the Italians kept steadily on, grubbfng
and working; they have by their in
dustry and their knowledge Of agri-
culture raised splendid crops where
| the Yankees had failed.
The Italian grows something be-
sides grass on the Vermont farm. He
has big market-gardens, where all the
best vegetables are grown. He has
made it possible for the people in
the towns, villages and hamlets of the
Green Mountain state to furnish their
tables with fresh vegetables and
salads the year around.
The Italian is in Vermont to stay
he practically owns the state.
Some persons do not like Italians.
Others, from the closest observation
Of men and things, believe them to
be the best class of foreigners in this
country. Hurrah for the Sunny ltal-
ian! He tills our soil, digs our
trenches and above all, is good to his
wife and children.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1901-11-22

The editorial page of the Anaconda
Standard is honest enough to admit
that when it comes to a game be-
tween itself and a lot of sports it
might as well turn v e the pot and
make no pretense of playing its hand.
After have solemnly assured it's read
ers that no prize fight would take place
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1901-11-22

at Anaconda last Monday night, and
above all not in the Margaret theatre,
an Institution in which it has q pa
rental interest, 1t awoke Tuesday
morning to read a most artistic &C
count of that. same fight in it's own
local columns and the fight had been
fought in the Margaret, at that.
The Billings gazette. [volume] (Billings, Mont.) 1896-1919, 1901-11-22

Dealers in Foreign and Domestic Exchange
The News-Herald. [volume] (Hillsboro, Highland Co., Ohio) 1886-1973, 1901-07-04
WEDS OLD SWEETHEART.
w. J. Killbourne, of Louisiana, Mar.
ried to Woman He Courtea Over
Forty Years Age.

There is a romance connected with
the marriage at Cleveland, O., of w. j.
Killbourne, aged 60 years, wealthy
planter of Killbourne, La, and Mrs.
Anna Z. Galloway, aged 56 years, of
Cleveland. Over 40 years ago they
were schoolmates at Columbus, o.
When they grew up killbourne was a
suitor for the young woman's hand,
but she married w. G. Galloway and
moved to Dayton, o. Killbourne then
went to Louisiana. When the war
broke out both Killbourne and Gallo.
way enlisted, Killbourne being a lieu.
tenant in the confederate army, while
Galloway commanded company in an
Ohio regiment.
At the battle of Shiloh the rivals
met face to face and engaged in q
fierce duel with swords. Both were
seriously wounded, but recovered
Soon after the war Killbourne was
married. Six years ago his wife died
and in the meantime Mrs. Galloway
was made a widow and came to Cleve'
land to live.
Recently Killbourne heard Of Gal.
loway's death and instituted CORE
spondence with his former sweet
heart. which eliminated in their mar,
riage rf
The News-Herald. [volume] (Hillsboro, Highland Co., Ohio) 1886-1973, 1901-07-04
Legal Notice.

E. d. Shepherd whose place Of residence ID
unknown, will take notice that ON the 4th day
Of june, A. d. 1901, Charles Utmsn, % plain
tiff, did file his petition In the Common Pleas
Court OF Highland county. Ohio, Against said
E. b. Shepherd, - defendant setting forth
plaintiff in the sum Of eS86 70 with per cent.
interest from June 4 1901, upon . promisory
note executed BY said defendant a principal
and By, said plaintiff - surety, and payable 70
the Farmers q Traders Bank, and which note
said Obarles Utman was compelled 10 and did
pay after its maturity, and also for the sum OF
416l 90 with interest from the LIST day OF June,
A. D. 1901. being for rent due from Decembel
l. 1900 to June y 1901; fot the lssss Of csstsiu
street in Hlkboro. Ohio used and oocspisd
- restaurant and confectionery.
Said =. b. Shepherd will also take notice thai
an af3davit In attachment. Was dleA BY said
piaintt6 against said defendant and writ oi
attachmant issusd By the Olerk Of said Court
and the following described property was a.
tached hereunder, to-Hit 1: a., ~ -
lures. stock on :hands OF the restaurant known
% the Manhattan, on West Main street. II
HillsboroS Ohio, coDsisting In part Of ice house
coffee urn, boiler and boiler she'd engine ant
pumps, Miller range, dining room tables, iror
safe, show cases, soda fountain and generator
silverware, tableware, chinaware, sugsf bowls
castors, five revolving fans. cream freezers
cooking and kitchen .utengile, counteFs, pulleys
belts. piping, five DOZEN chairs. cipr., tobacco
candies and other supplies. stock on hands, FIX
Said Z. h. Shepherd win take notice that b
IL required 10 answer said petition and pro
oeedings on OF before the % day Of August, A
d. 1901. CHARLES UTMAN by
J. Frank Wilson, his Attorney.
The News-Herald. [volume] (Hillsboro, Highland Co., Ohio) 1886-1973, 1901-07-04
HARD FIGHT WITH EAGLE.
IL Injured by . Powerful Bird
He Il Trying to Secure.

C. w. McCurren, head animal-kee eper
at Lincoln park, Chicago, was severely
injured in fight with an eagle the
other day. Edwin Franklin Brown, of
Evanston, has long kept a pair of
golden eagles in private aviary. They
are unusually large specimens of their
kind and Mr.. Brown presented them
to Lincoln park. Mr.. McCurren went
to Evanston to fetch them to Lincoln
park. He entered the big cage, cap
tured the female eagle and handed it
to an assistant on the outside. When
he turned to catch the other eagle the
bird attacked him savagely.
AS it swooped upon him McCurren
caught it by the leg in his left hand
and held at arms length. With its
disengaged claws the eagle clutched
the mans arm and sank its long, sharp
talons into his flesh. By the wonder
full strength Of grip Of the birds foot
one of it's talons was driven into the
wrist SO that its point showed for hall
an inch through the skin.
The eagle continued to belabor I'll
captor with its pinions until an attend
ant rushed in and, clasping the bird IL
his arms, gave Mr.. McCurren an op
portunity to withdraw the talons
Mr.. McCurren's injury was a painful
one and was dressed by physician
1t has resulted in temporary paralysis
of his hand.