The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1901-01-27


p~i m~a-si -A..s- IN. s~.s-.rp-ins
~hish -.ss-s % tssy~t sHsssiv sN-y
49, .p'~-f sv~. 80 -sas- aassssv sssi
~ ssus' -varfst-~ n 30 r~-assi @h.ri
40 h--a 10 q 80 us- sissirs rA-raWz
go ~ 10 Es~asv - s.~sis'H- ~ 30
H-nntsv taivs~-sf ~yssasfu- N@ssn 81
spps~t.s~ 80 TO- hss w~asf~- go .
ss--s fer~stsu.-s ~ ss~a-tsiss y ~ a1u
ssf~t 90 . .t-..s sut ~rrs~a'~' - go
.. ss#Ay ~s- Pee 's.s n y. H-s,-T
ssr .ss,hi ~ ss~sei-ts- ~ Ne f~sf--
- ~ $50 if.s - fHs -s.st-Nw~-' q
sfaYs sssfta- - ~ ssastr . as-.-~ cot
Hasrtss- 80 No ss- = No 80 p.4s 10
spss. q faHv. nsrsins . sfsts :
90. s-sHfs y pisfv.u' arsss- f'ss's
ae. - s.as' s'sph-e. . rsvs- s"f 20
fsri 4, lsr- cot s'bs,- h-ys ris - 900
o. r,~hsi-- ~ . WV go.
rf 20. tso~rs s, sew
YES
Hsufsv sIsufs hfSans fs rfre sHu
r@H.tss msv --isv ~ - sn- = 80 brsht
- sfsss n ~ Hi.susy - fts Ht~~s~~~fH
so'rff rsrHr bys-rs 90 HrHivs'sf
tria.a - rsvrfisus sai In 10 aosse
D ~ H FNN|NHN y FNFfNfH w. W
fb- r-f-1rsi vrees 20 40 us-~ss 49,
~u1nf y ~ IN 40 ssvins ~ 'Nf miHI ~
no. fsir rotr .ni 40 r,hi~ . st~rrIsa
sri 'f aIn.ns 80 flllv f~~1srissI No
nnmt0- .uo IN ruhir -rt puvsis ht si~Hs
~eTs W. op~rur. In fha msi'ef - spief
stppiv sHt hsfh. ~ r,fssn s,nifsfr
srisur- hs. 9 much siis' s~np- ,nd - -1e
strai -th no .t-~- - dn-e.s~ rui'e ss
rnu,h - -t'h he ropHiu"n. un,ir' shi,h
thrs. n.~--~- rfryNI no foundations
- mo .reprs ss'. sid In The is.' rsnorrr
sfh Iernsf discovery ~ ,s~ insrpu
UH ssrl fro hai srss,sd 'hs ,..n,iau"n -
'rvss sfh y~f.rns ting '0 30 sis st.~
.N~ .~u-s.rII'v ~ frs prevention - -,-irvy
bsi bssu shovur v q tuf tN.s ruf rv sir
tuIisrt HI.ins
Preventive msHiure ~ q n.unIsfns
I~u.awpl"'e -iou. uuHI hs'f %rfioInsv
ou"na'i unhssfl - po..hahu-- fof N" rf"
| ~n'Ion = i-a,s. Before Il-ct sains -ume
- ne VICTORIES - preventive medicine ~
~ul 10 veil 20 take . hr"f ,,rvev ~ 'h-
srrvrh - th~ ']oilostns suhi~r'
s,itv,s ov s,urssiou"o1
l..m he brilliant u,etfhrus =, p,-t~I'
i0 ~i ant %, ku'h and Cuhn IN is1s -
no tr"rrv - su"r'Aueou. gru~ranor -
NAV late - modern growth Nrsrr"d up
200 'ni. 'heor, - spontaneous gerer ,fion
upon Winch speculation rAsed CENTURIES
before M. Invention ~ he m~icro-ror"
br- rNo history - ua,t sriol"g,
The ancient Ore.s AMI Roman pIIlo.
7 rrher. wrsStlet Nth the question ani
very interesting views - 'he relation ~
germ he ~ disease are preserved TO ~
Iu their manuscripts VIII tho invention
~ the microscope We can mari The hrst
positive step toward tho goal ~ TODAY
\ jesuit priest. kir,hsr. ~ lTi wr the
hr-t Ia iny-susat" putrefytng meat. milk
sui Che,-. with the crude Microscope
/ ~ hs dsy. and l-ft ~ indrfnt. remarks
concerning very minute living worms
found therein Four years after kirCher.
a Dutch linen merchant, in,hony van
~lseuwsnho.k. by improving IA. lenses
uf IA. microscope. saw Ia rain water.
putr-fying fluids. Intestinal contents and
saliva. minute. moving. living particles
witch he called ~-animalcul@ In medical
CIRCLES ~ his day these observations
aroused the keenest interest. and The
theory that these 'animalcule" might
he the cause Of all diseaSe Was eagerly
discussed PleinoE of Vienna. after much
observation ~ various f'uIds. putr-fylng
and otherwise. wrote In 1892 that It WAS
his rrm belief that tho phenomena Of
Diseases and the decomposition ~ animal
fnid. were wholly caused hy these minute
| living things
Notwithstanding such assertions. from
his day on until Pa-teur. Koch and Cohn
finally proved It's misconceptions IN 1878.
the theory Of SPONTANEOUS generation
held tina upIer hand IN all discussions upon
IN. question
The stimulus 10 research ~ 10 the
'aus.S ~ disease along The line Of bao-
tarial origin did not entirely cease to he
felt. aud the names Of Pol-ndsr and
Davslne are linked together In the first
undoubted discovery ~ micro-orHs nlsnls
IN disease. when the cause Of anthrax. a
disease Of cattle, was solved in isos.
Following closely upon Dsvainss re-
searches the primary causes ~ wound
infection were worked ont, and 10 the
efforts OF the British surgeon. Lister. are
duethe great advances Of modern surgery.
In rapid succession the presence 81 hso-
terra was clearly demonstrated In relapsng
fever. leprosy and typhoid fever; but far
eclipsing all former discoveries on ac-
count Of the magnitude of the difficulties
encountered and overcome. were the
brilliant demonstrations Of the cause Of
consumption and allied disease and that
Of Asiatic cholera by DR.. Robert Koch. In
1882 and In 1884. respectively.
From that time onward innumerable
workers have satisfied the critical scientific
world rs to the causes Of ~pnsumonis. diph-
liberia. tetanus. influenza and bnbono
plague. besides many diseases Of cattle,
horses. sheep and other animals and in
scots.
Having glanced hastily al the history
OF bacteriology W. may next consider some
facts concerning the germs themselves.
What are they? To the lay mind the words.
germ. microbe, bacterium and bacillus
often convey confused ideas of invisible,
~wriggling. worm-Ike creatures. enemies
OF mankind, ever on the watch to gain
a stsalthy entrance into our bodies. where
,hev wr ak harm and death, Scientifically