The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-11-12

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half of the century.
The War of the Revolution and
the Second War with England in
18I2-14 entailed comparatively little
cost upon the country in comparison
with the stupendous debts and taxes
of recent years. The former were
waged from patriotic principles, the
last for what could be gotten out of
them. In the
EARLY WARS OF THE COUNTRY
but few pensions were given or
askedfor by the ex soldiers. Patri
otism was the ruling passion of those
who we're willing to risk both lite
and property for their country. But
in these latter days-say for the past
forty years-pensiOns have been the.
CRY, both by deserters and hon
eat men. Whenever a politician
thinks he Gan secure an Office
by appealing TO the old soldiers, u
pension is held out as u bait, and d
hook baited with this kind of induce
ment seldom fails in procuring the
desired result 1t is now . than
thirty six years since the Civil War
closed, and there are still a million
pensioners on n side of the great
struggle and on tue other, nothing
save the demand of their part of the
pensions which amounts to one
hundred and fifty millions of dollars
with the end not yet in sight. The
South vas robbed of everything
save honor but with all these dra W
backs she is now forging to the
front With all that constitutes a
grand civilization.
NO COMB NATIONS OF CAPITAL
we're thought of in the early years
of the century. Probably the main
reason that capital WAS not arrayed
against labor n hundred years ago
was that money was scarce, but lit
tie produce WAS raised for Shipment,
markets were far apart only at sea-
ports and on navigable rivers could
u market be found Congress did
not issue bonds except in 6he direst
necessity. Wages were in keeping
with other values a Congressman's
salary was scarcely one-hait what
1t Is now. Corn, wheat and bacon
and all bread stuffs were d drug on
the market. Nearly everybody lived
on the farm. There were not Il half
d, Zen cities in America that had
twenty Thousand population at the
beginning of the nineteenth century
Nearly all the solid wealth bet
the two ,ceans was to be found in
the country on tie farms.
Only in the Presbyterian settle
ments were schools 10 be found, ex
cept the most rudimentary kind.
From the earl ,est dawn of the century
nearly every Presbyterian church
had u s~choOl-hUueo beside it; in
fact, 1t was considered as essential
for the public good to have one as
the other.
ECCLESIASTICAL SCHOOLS OR SIENNA
RIES
were unknown at the beginning of
the century, at least in the South.
Almost every preacher had u class
of young theological studen ss. Or
dinar1ly the ohur hes we're far apart.
The seven churches built in Neck
leDbuTg county in 1852, now en-
braced by three counties, are still
fouTishing churches, and now have
many OffshUOts from the parent
vines. Other limitations have
opme in and are fl rurisning with the
increased population. The oivlliza-
ton has changed most wonderfully
In the pact hundred years.
SALEM ACADEMY M THE UNIVERSITY
AT IHAPEL HILL.
North Carolina leads all the South
ern States, if not the whole of Amer
lea, in establishing the first female
school in importance, patronized ny
every State in the South. The Mo
ravian school at Salem was estab-
lished about the closing year of the
Eighteenth century The Moravians
believed in education and acted wise
ly in educating the women first,
knowing that men would not lag be
hind. The school is an honor to
their church and a blessing to the
country.
The University of North Carolina
was established in 1895 and has been
of great service so + e State. It has