davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1901-12-27

money. On the other hama. . country
rich In raw material. but without natural
fuels. remains a country OF agrfcuiturists
and shepherds. with an unskiiled labor
INK ciass-usually an aristocrattc, land
owning class and "A iow-scale. Insktiied
iahoring class. The coal deposits Of En-
gland made the foundation Of a great In
dusfriai and commercial nation Penn
sylvania Early took the lead In INDUSTRIAL
enterprises in the United States for the
same reason. II has been demonstrated
that II II cheaper 20 haul the Lake sn-
rerior iron ores TO Pfttsburg than 20 lake
the Pennsylvania fuel 20 the iron regions
Of Minnesota and Michigan. While the
Lake Superior regions have the greatest
and cheapest iron ore deposits In the
country. they have not created any great
Industrial cenfers. but tie natural re-
sources ~ those states &c 10 maintain
Industrial cenrers 30 states that have the
fuel. such as Pennsylvania and Indiana.
The chief Industrial centcrs 81 Colorado
ar. not In the gold and silver mining dis
fricts. hut they are IN proximity to me
coal deposits ~ that state. where the
smelling plants are iocated. for y was
demonstrated By actual experiment tnat
II was cheaper 70 haul the ore down Y"
the coal supply than 70 haul the fuel 10
the mining camps And so II Is Win IN
diana. N the state had no other re-
sources hut its fuels. II would still re-
main a great factor In the Industrial
world. for IL would draw on other states.
ar IL Is now largely doing. for raw mate
rial. However. Indiana has an abundance
of raw materials. especially In the con-
ssructive and building lines The timber
resources. especially in the hard WOODS
are still extensive.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1901-12-27
PETROLEUM.

Crude petroleum. next 10 coal. Is The
most important mineral deTpsit OF the
state. While the supply n natural gas IL
steadily decreasing. the 81 reduction Is
gradually increasing. the value Of the
petroleum product having Increased from
s.. 20 go In $50 to sS."o..s IA lsl. This.
ment OF the oil field has been restricted
20 the northern rim ~ the oil-gas belt.
the courts having stopped 0ii exploitation
In the field where natural gns Is sfill pro-
ducing in paying quantities A the gas
wells become exhausted oil wells VIII take
their place IN the same region and Will
supply fuel almost as cilsap IA the natural
gas. oil not being wasted a. the natural
gas is. the detoSit Will not he 50 soon
exhausted. A. present the oii product Of
Indiana Is consumed chiefly GU, OF the
state. hut when the oil TN The region now
occupied by the natural gas Industry -
produced IL will he I'm the main utilized
locally 10 furnish fuel 10 the mills which
natural gas brought there. n most cases
corporations and .ire lines holding gas
lease rave protected themselves for the
future by securing oil privileges on the
same lands they now control for gas sup-
ply. The oil field already developed Is
but a fraction OF the known oii-bearing
Trenton rock region ~ the state Petrc-
leum occurs also in other form atoms than
The Trenton limestone. The most prolific
oil well In Indiana Is not in Trenton lime
stone rock. The Trenton lin. stone itself
did not generate the oil or ga-. The por-
Gus character ~ this formation In local
titles Simply served as a r~ecef<acfe Tor
the fluid distilled from animal remains
during the silurian ages
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1901-12-27
BUILDING MATERIALS
OF THE STATE

Ht'orning ~ ~ report ~ IN. sta.a
se"iokist on the clay ~ Inai-
ana. the clay deposits rank next ia xai,,.
10 coal and building stone auorv -.
natural resources o. the state. Tn. a.
vance m the price ~ lumber has cause,
E'e",sr demand for bricks and has at
tractsd large capital 10 the clax ma
rfactnring industry ~ the state durln.
recent years. and the value ~ the ciar
moducfs ~ Indiana IL estimated az nearly
ss"S.." a year, Clay deposits Il va-,-
Gus grades are extensive. especially 4,
the coal regions.
IN" principal deposits ~ commercial
CLAWS arr In the coal measures. m ,r-
glacial drift deposits ~ the northern ana
EAST central parts ~ the state. and 4,
th~ shales along the eastern edge ~ a..
coal measures. In nearly every county
common bricks and drain tiles are man,s-
featured for the local trade. but AZ Rrazi,.
I~rre Haute. Clinton. vanierburg. MOI
tczuna. cayuea. Hobart and Porter in
the western part: New Albany. HnntIrr-
burg and Evansville. IN the southern par.
and Martinsville IN the central par-
there are large clay working rla.,-
which manufacture brick and other efa~
products on a large scale for the rhf-
car indianapolis. Louisville and 9th r.
Important markets. The rrtncipal clay
~ NHE TNAA y = AA- NH TI| x
but pressed brick. FIRE brick. terra Gotta.
hlss Tor draining and roofing. and sever
pipes are also manufacturer. In Yer
nlllion county there srs several large
deposits - fire ciays with but few small
plants there manufacturing IRE brick. In
Lawrence and Martin countl there NJ.
extensive deposits ~ kaoIin. but mostly
inaccessible ~ railway transportation.
Near Huron. on ,he H.. & o. railroad.
n A -
alum salts from kaoIin beds. hut ont
side - this The kaolin beds Il the state
have never been worked The Indiana
kaolfn II not suitable for porcelain war;
Tor want ~ Elasticity. but could be used
for refractory wares.
In the coal measures a good quality %
potters clay Is found IN nearly ever
county In the coal field. notably near
Huntinghurg. Canrei,on. Loogootee.
shoals Goal BluS in Nigo county. and
Annapolis. Parke county. Except AT
H~untinSburE and cannelron these clay
deposits have not been extensively
worked Analyses ~ the sample from
the largest Indiana deposits show idea-
tical chemical composition with the ciavs
used In the great potteries ~ GAINESVILLE
and Akron. q. Potter's clays are ais,
used by local plants in Wayne county.
b undeveloped clay and shale deposits
with coal veins underlying them are very
extensive The shaie males an excellent
vitrffed brick and near ..artinsViHe II -
used for making common brick In LAX.
Porter. Laporte. st Joseph end Other
counties In the northwestern part 81 the
state. there are extensive deposits ~
glacial CLAWS which are being worked into
various kinds ~ brick. terre Gotta r.
other products for the Chicago markets
Chicago not only derives its principal
supply Of fuel from Indiana. but thi.
state Is the chRf source Of its building
supplies. even TO the sand for mortar.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1901-12-27
MINERAL WEALTH OF INDIA INA


OF the workable amoun, have t~~n mined.
and that AT the present rate of produc-
ton the lndtara coal field viii last not
less than 30 years
sThe coking OF Indiana coal n sxtli n
small industry. but IL has proceeded Tar
enough 10 demonstrate that h uppe
Goals. especially GOALS :. y and - VIII
make good coking coal. req gtrfng about
three tons 81 coal 90 make nne Of coke.
With the gradual suhsutuf4on Of coal
for natural gas In indianapolis and Other
Indiana cities n towns the demand FOR
coke for heating urposes will not fail 70
stimulate the cooking industry in n q ana
According to the report ~ State Name
Inspector Epperson 5.sS. pn IONS OF coal
were mined In isss. This was an Increase
Of cso.vo tons over the year - In I'D
the output was s.H3 d. tons an Increase
over 1879 Of 1900 tons. lest year In
diana coal displaced 600. f,ns OF fili-
nois coal IN the Chicago mnr kets- Dur
ing the past eighteen months there les
been great activity in the inx e<smert ~
new capital in coal lands while con-
siderable ~ IL was invested simply for
speculative purposes. twentr 10 Thirty
new mines were opened uq in 1900. ard
more than a dozen In 1871 The large
addition Of new mines 10 80 was due
chiefly To the opening ~ new neids by
the extension OF the Southern Indiana
railroad from Linton 10 Terre Hause and
the projection Of branches into Sullivan
county from the main line IL was also
Influenced by the diminutior OF the nat
urai gas supply and the con sequert en-
largement Of the Chicago market At
present the output OF coal : only Him.
tied by the capacity ~ the railroads TO
furnish coal cars 10 the operators.
In 1900 the total amount ~ wages paid
10 AsZ.3f3. and the number OF
men employed was about n - or shout
the same number Of men employed In the
Butte. Mont. copper mines
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1901-12-27

niAna ifrrf'orf rad "a Population % "a
49, - manufacturing establishments in
'indsd- an told. - grist mills. "a saw
mills. : horse mills and . powder mills
There Nc-~ ~ tannrries and - dlsrilIerie-
l--* locsir and i.ace spinning wheels. Tn.
number ~ EriEr mills. Or. more properly.
Touring mills. has Increased. ami the
h"rs~ it'll has disappeared. as also the
"ld-iashinuet lnom and spinning wheels
with whlch our g~randnothsrS and great
Erandmpfhrrs ~er. familiar. and with
which they manufactured the cloth that
supplied ah domestic demands. Those
WEE the days ~ snail things Ia the his
tory - manufacturing IN Indiana. ante
d@ting the introduction ~ th~ steam en-
rnf and other appliances ID manufactur-
Ing which haNa rrvoiltionlxed Industrial
AFFAIRS and astrnlshest the world.
The Increase ~ manufacturing enter
pr-s ~ indiana. particularly during the
Tnsx' MY years. u not marvellous. IS
something akin 70 The extraordinary
beginning With 40 We have data show
Ing conditions Tor forty years. down TO
isst. and assuming that the increase b.
tween ssss and lss9 was maintained he
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1901-12-27
CEMENT RESOURCES.

The manufacture Of cement is assuming
p large Importance In the Industries oc
Indiana. Two kinds of cement are man.
Observation-Disclosures or water rock &C.
ment. and Portland cement. The hr-
draulic cement industry Is confined en-
tireiy 20 Clark county which produces
more than one-fourth Of that product in
the United States This in manufactured
from a sandy magnesium limestone whIcn
occurs In Clark. Scott and Jennings corn-
ties X - known as the Silver Greet
hydraulic limestone after a creek bv
that name IN Clark county. where II is
more exposed than -,sewhere. and where
the center II The industry Is located.
There are still larger areas IN Clark coun-
" unworked and the hydraulic limestone
OF Jennings and Scott counties has never
been worked. This hydraulic cement H.
largely used In government construction
works. such as Improvements Of rivers
and harhorr. and canals. The annual out
put is about moo barrels.
The Portland cement manufacturing
Industry Is ~ more recent introduction
In his state. Yet. when the plants now
under construction for the manufacture
~ Portland cement are producing the
output Will at once exceed the hydraulic
product There are nov two large plants
In Crawford county. at Midtown and
Mareneo. which are crushing the pure
ooiffe deposits there. Another plant on
the ooiitic limestone belt Is now under
construction near Mitchell. which will
have \ capacity Of loo barrels per day.
Through the ooiisic limestone belt in va
rious points. but especially In Lawrence.
Washington. Harrison and Crawford.
there are extensive deposits OF almost
pure oolife equally az good as those al
ready taken ~ by the Mitchell and Ma
rengo companies. which only await the
necessary capital to manufacture Port
land cement. II has been suggested that
the waste coiitic rock from the Bedford
Quarries could be utilized In the manu-
facturc 81 this cement. but he draw
back AZ that point IL the want 81 the
proper ciays 10 mix with the Carbonate
OF lime 10 manufacture the product
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1901-12-27

OTHER RESOURCES.

Practically all the milestone quarry
ing ~ the United States is confined to
Garland county. Arkansas. near the Ia
nous Hot Springs. and 10 Orange 80
Indiana near the well-known sgfsa-
lire springs OF French LaNfn e o.
ro-sts Of these anelsrsfkea siIicious rocks
are extensive in Orange county. hut for
want 81 an investment OF large capital
the quarrfes are now worked ON a small
scale I'm a crude way. A fine quality 81
grfndstone in the same formation u also
found and worked In a small way In
Orange and Martin counties
Glass and mciaing sand deposits are
found In various parts OF the state. Glass
sand suitable for glass manufacturing Il
found In Madison. BIackford. white. La
porte and Psrke countless In MaIis3~
and Blackford the glass and deposits arc
utilized by local glass works In Park
county glass sand and coal veins occur In
the SAINT region
Iron ores. liminite fborironl. hemitite.
ss.erffe and pyrife~ occur I'm Greene. Mar
tin. Monroe and Perry counties ard In tn
Kankakcc regions in ST. Joseph. Lake and
Porter counties. Before the war some
fifteen furnaces were kept w making Jag
iron from the tFst deposits near the coal
fields. After the war only one furnace
remained. and that went out Of existsnc-
I'm 1890. The iron ores Of Indiana are ton
IMPURE. tWUttiUitlk MI &Att~~ " ~
and sulphur. 10 compete with the Lake
SUPERIOR iron mines.
Zinc surrhides occur IN small pockesy
DEPOSITS I'm the coal regions. but this ore
will never ~ found IN large enough guam
titles 10 mine.
Indiana has no Icneou- rock In place
that Il. rocks 81 volcanic c~rigin-th~re-
fore. no goid. copper or lead ores viii
ever he fovnd In place. The float copper
ana lead and placer gold found I'm various
localities 81 the state. like the granafic
metamorphic. volcanic ''nigger heads
howlders and quartz and other foreign
rock fragments which are found IN In
diana. were brought from the minerai-
bearing regions among the mountains ~
Canada by the great glacial INVASION.
which. during the Ice age. extended a.
far poush ~ Brown county through the
center ~ Indiana. and to the OhSo river
N the eastern part and 20 Pcsey county
IN the western part. The placer gcin
found In the sands a bean B1oescsn
creek. Brown county. and = %
drift oriein and viii never b found -
rayfng quantities. although small waees
have BEEN made By Brown county niness.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1901-12-27

the statistical reports Of the wealth Of the
state. And his H. all the more desirable
hecaEss the raw material which supplies
the factories 10 chiefly. N not entirely.
the product 81 I~ndiana's forests
There are In Indiana, ar show BY the
census of ise. 30 Incorporated towns and
cities having "A population 81 izls..0.
ranging from lis. the smallest. to In. is;.
the largest. and In nearly all of the smAs
tow M there will be found snr,f nardwoo
Industry. N nothing more than the manu-
faeture ~ baskets. Take for instance the
town Of Aifordsviiie. In Daviess county.
having a population ~ 2ef. There II a
planning mill and an establishment which
produces hickory dimension stock. the
two enterprises employing sixteen per-
sons. the significance 81 the statement
bciEg that IA all 81 the smaller towns and
cities ~ the state a considerable per cent
- the population Is engaged In manu-
featuring enterprises As a further Illus
tratlon ~ the the fact ~ increase Of in
dustr'ai enterprises In the small towns.
the town Of Gilman. IN Madison county,
with a population ~ 90. has a window
glass factory and a saw-miil, employing
sixry-fwO persons.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1901-12-27

The state factory Inspector. the Hon.
II. IT. McAb4s. In his report Tor 800.
shows that l31 towns and cities were Wis
tied. including the largest centers OF pop
rIation. and 1857 factories were inspect
cd leaving f-D towns - be visited. which.
being the least important In population
are not likely 20 add more than Loo
manufacturing establishments 10 the
number reported in 1919. giving n total Of
a5g7 establishments Put IL Is shown by
the United States census OF lsso. that
there were in the state that year l-2i
manufacturing adjustments. employ
ing 1ef.3m persons. Yet the state factory
inspector ; report for 1850. giving i.55l es-
Establishments as inspected. and employing
10. 80 persons. shows that tn No these
factories gave employment to 500 more
PERSONS than were employed by 1884 es-
Adjustments in 1870 II becomes dificult
a. reconcile such statements. indeed. they
cannot be harm0nized. Hence the neces-
sity. IL the public would know the extent
~ the manufacturing enterprises Of the
state. the capital invested. the number
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1901-12-27
NstursI. Gas.

The discovery of natural gas IN In
diana about iss5 gave 4 tremendous i'm
petus TO manufactures in the state. par
ticularly in that section known as the
Gas Belt" which includes the counties
OF Delaware. Madison. Hamilton. Jay.
Hancock. Blackford. Howard. Grant and
Randolph. having an aggregate area Of
9ls5 square miles. This natural gas be-
cause Of its great superiority as a fuel.
brought to the state several hundred
manufacturing enterprises requiring the
investment Of many millions OF capital
besides adding many thousands 10 the
population OF the state. These establish
ments embrace a wide range Of articles.
the more important being glass. tin-piatc
and important iron products. As a result,
what Is known as the Gas Belt has be-
come one Of the most extensive manu-
featuring sections OF the entire country.
Exhibits could be multiplied showing the
vast increaze In the magnitude Of In
diana's manufacturing enterprises. hut
in the absence 81 reliable data for 1870
the els meats or conjecture make con-
illusions unsatisfactory The best that
can BE- done Is To assume that there are
now in Indiana 1850 manufacturing es-
Establishments. employing 1921 persons.
paying out annually xSi. $50. Gs for wages.
consuming annually raw material valued
al gre5.55 and having a product wall
ued at x4.ca5. al
The figures submitted relating TO In
diana's manufacturing enterprises In 1850.
while they ara reasonable approxIma-
tlons. manffestly are below the high
water mark ~ the states manufacturing
Industries That indiana IL making rapid
strides toward crater eminence as a
manufacturing state r. admitted on all
hands. and even now some Of the prod
ucts Of It's factories. such as agricultural
implements carriages. saws. cngines and
ether articles Ia -e entered the foreign
trade of the country. are offered in the
remotest Outposts ~ the nations com
msrce. and II we are TO credit current
reports. more capital IS coming 70 the
state seeking investment I'm manufactur-
Ing enterprises. The outlook is cheering
In the highest degree. Scientific farming
Is taking the place OF old methods. Man
ufacturing enterprises are bringing the
consumer OF nod products close 10 the
producer. The home market is becoming
more and more important And in a
word the rank Of Indiana as "A great
agricultural and manufacturing state adj
mtts OF no controversy and is assured be-
ycnd pcradventure.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1901-12-27

IN the foregoing exhibit IL - shown
that IN fifty years. from $50 20 1850. the
number ~ manufacturing establishments
increased ssh. But the Increase In the
number 81 establishments does not nee
sssarily indicate An increase IN product.
since the tendency j. t. absorb the small
- establishments ~ those having a
larger capital resulting in a larger pro-
dlctian The Increase - capital during
the nftl years. IS shown BIZ the exhibit.
Was s. - "a The increzs. in the number
- employees was ls5S-. the increase in
the amount ~ wages paid was s1-sl1-1G.
the Incre1se In the value OF raw material
Was $40 VA and the Increase In the
r-n.1uer was sxE n. ~
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1901-12-27

of these hardwood manufacturing -
Establishments. includinT saw and planning
mills. hut exclusive ~ furniture. hairs.
vehicles and agricultural implements. Isl
establishments. employing about 500
persons. were Inspected during tine wear
fa.. nut data relating 10 capital Invested
and annual product - not furnished nv
The department ~ inspection IN this
could le secured IL would add millions to
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1901-12-27

Enough. 50 far has been written 20 50
tallish the fact that Indiana T. not on,y
. grea; agricultural state. hut FOR is
area one OF the most important. II Indeed
Il is not the largest producer ~ farm
procucts OF any state in the union. with a
large acreage Of land yet 90 Dc subjected
20 tlllage. Upon any reasonable estimate
% food consumption per capita Indiana
4 capable 81 sustaining a population ~
100000. and even then might have a
ssrilus fer feeding less favored people.
And this IL bv 10 means an inflated eHti-
mate ~ the farm products ~ ,h~ state.
~ the following exhibit ~ the products
az cereals fully warrants The estimate.
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1901-12-27

FROM the Chicago Record-HeraId..
n think said The amateur paimist.
~Iantfng the masden's hand toward the
light. IN order 20 see n lines more
rlainIy-"I think you are going 10 be
married twice"
on. dear she said. cant you Just
cut m the think and make II a dead
sure once7"
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1901-12-27

.sek pressure has been cited BY some au-
=, a. ths gauge by which ths SUP
- but the hate Prof.
orton ~ the Ohio state un,vev~,,v
Recognized authority on petroleum "a
natural gas deposits. took the position
mat u vas impossible 10 Determines ~
me natural pressure how long the "a.
eonnnea IN the porous rock OF an anti
cline would last. :" ~"n
The Jasper weekly courier. [volume] (Jasper, Ind.) 1858-1922, 1901-12-27

me Trenton rock has come near equal
ING y as a steady producer. The Loo
k0ote- wells show both Oh and gas AZ a
osp'h 81 <s feet Some Of sh~~@ wells
,trsa twenty barrels pr day. The total
production last year IN that field. how
ever. was only s.o6 barrels.
me jasper county held Il OF more Re
esnt development and has been confined
.n'sns on . lease ~ z5.so acres. which
s"'as together with nineteen wells last
.sar y" az English syndicate for si5aes
rms company has since added la nro-
nucans wells. The yield per We. il SINAI.
pay as the oil stratum Is struck al ,cn
lr"' ana me cost - pumping IL low ana
sh- inhricatinS quality - the OH Is ex-
'''tNt- t~o-hArrel wells are having hlr
ifoh's rs hlgh - 81 Der barrel hss
been obtained for this OH as a ruhrtcan,
hut me average price is S. The outcrop
81 the New Albany shale extends from
~ ohi" river, near New Albany. In a
northeast direction through Floyd. clark.
$50 1~rerson and Jennings counties.
.n~n'r W Z northNesterly direction
through Bartholomew. johnson. Marion
h"one. Clinton. Carroll ana Vhir~ ro,r-
ties. 49, '"' e'1"
Production in 1900.
From iSl % i~f s.s4 wells were com
$3.50 ~ AHF trenton limestone OH field
ahu on Jan J 1911. $50 wells were uro-
e showing a~s dry wells. -Four
ten Per cent. 81 the OIL wells drilled ~
~" proved dry or barren. The ,o,.,
production u the kiiana ne,fs in is..l
was sT-s.@ barrels. ~ which iss.a.o b,--
reis came from tbs cornif@rous field. SEQ
barrels from LoOgo0tee. 1900 barrels
from the Phoenix w4li at Tsrre Haul.
anu istv' barrels from the Jasper county
Held In the Trenton rock outside Of IN
main nfid Peru produced 17.1s barrels,
~-Aahoria ssss and Broad Ripple 3lisa
barrels The average price h ~ Trsn'
ton field was -. cents per barr.l rro,u
~ 70 1901 the average prices ~ ps,rol--
um IN the Trenton fields per barrel w.r-
az Follows 1881. ~ cents: 1890. 81 cents
iSA = cents. 1894. . cents: lss5. "a cents
iss. - cents. 1857. a. cents: IssS re- s--
cents. 1879, sT- cents: lsa -. cents.