The Black Hills union. [volume] (Rapid City, Pennington County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1889-1904, 1901-09-26
Elevation of Vice President Has
Always Caused a Change
ofCabinets.
PREcEDENTs IN OUR HISTORY
Iyle1. Fillmore, Johnson and Arthur Sur
wounded Themselves with New Of
fcial Families-A Few Indlrld-
nal Msmbers Retained.

Welles and Robert r. Lincoln seem to
nave been the only cabinet officers in
the history Of the country who have
remained in office during the entire
term OF a vice president, who has sue
seeded to the presidency. TIL relation
Dr cabinet ministers to a new admins
tratlon brought into power by the
death of a president has always been
an interesting question, and one OF the
great episodes of American history, The
quarrel between President johnson and
the republican leaders was focused
upon this issue. To the founders Of the
republic, 1T would nave probably APP
peareG had they given attention to the
subject OF a cabinet, that it's members
ln such a contingency should remain
With the new president who succeeded
70 ONCE, helping him to carry out the
policies of the party which had on the
same G elected both him and his
predecessor to office. 1t would seem
the natural thing for the cabinet min
STEERS. familiar with their several lines
pr work. to remain to do it. Precedents
nave ruled otherwise ana doubtless
tne practice of today is The result OF
me peculiar combination OF circum-
Stances from Which the early prece-
aentsnrose.
The WING party lost by death the
eHiS tWo PIeSlucillS WulCU IN us long
history IT succeeded in electing. Like
The republican party. which In a large
measure was It's successor, it was the
pabit In selecting candidates for presi-
pent and vice president to draw on OPP
posits wings OF the party for the pur-
pose of broadening Its appeal to the
fountry. Nor las the democratic party
peefi much less inclined to this policy,
except that as no democratic president
aver died In office. no occasion has APP
peared for revealing in It's full light the
Extremes OF feeling between the fac
lions represented by the two candi-
dates.
When the whig national convention
met In Harrisburg in 1889 to nominate
candidates to be voted for the follow
ing year, 1T aimed to cast as wide a net
rs possible. Accordingly 1t adopted no
platforms and in order to unite anti
Masonic and other opposition elements,
It set aside the claims Of Clay, and
nominated forpresident William Henry
Harrison OF Ohio, who had been its
leading candidate against Van Buren,
four years later, and for vice president,
John Tyler of Virginia. Tyler was a
Calhoun democrat q strict con-
'structionist of the constitution. He had
refuSed to stand with the rest Of the
political faction to which he belonged
IN supporting Van Ruren's administra-
~ NASAhs 4 - 80 ~ Ga -
tended to crafty a southern element
IN the opposition, was supposed to be
Tor an office of much honor and little
Importance. This was one of the great
mistakes in the vice presidency, al
though during the campaign he played
IN important part and was little less
popular than the hero of T%ippecanoe
himself.
Tyler Made Many Changes.
Harrison was inaugurated and Tyler
was indicted into that office for which
4 Benjamin Franklin had said the fit
.itle should be Ibis most supertiuous
highness." Harrison just lived one
month after the whig party had waited
Tor years to get a taste of power. Ty-
Ter retained Harrison's cabinet at first
n promised to carry out his policies,
but In the extra session of congress
which had been called by Harrison,
h breach soon Widened between Tyler
ND the wings which reached a crisis
when he vetoed a bill which he him.
self had outlined at the request OF the
\ Whig8 leaders, as one Which he would
approve az. a substitute for the fiscal
bank bill Which he had before vetoed
His action In vetoing a bill drawn in
accordance with his own suggestion
naturally aroused the unconcealed in
Hgnation OF the whig party. The cab
met. with the exception OF Daniel Web-
sSS NJ oNGLSC,g SSAEt ilCN.~E H -
Whig members of congress issued an ad-
hress to the people In which they de-
Elared that all political connections
between them and John Tyler We're at
IN end Webster, impelled by a lofty
tpirit of patriotism. decided to remain
m office to further some diplomatic ne
Kottations which he had begun. He re-
bigned. however, In 1913. two years aft
er the others, and WAS succeeded by
J Hugh S. Legare of South Carolina. who
nicd in office the same year and was
succeeded by Abel p. upsi1er of Vir-
Etnia. The following year Upsher was
killed on board h mar Of war Prince
ton, when a gun which had been taken
down the river for trial exploded, kill
4 ing two cabinet officers. He was suc-
reeded by John C.. Calhoun, who was
then Tyler's fourth secretary OF state.
TWAS in his cabinet that John G.
Spence of New York was secretary of
~ q He is remembered on account OF
he execution of his son by Captain
Mckenzie. for alleged mutiny on the
high seas..%Young Spencer was o mid
bhipman, only a boy. whose feelings
had been Unframed and whose execu-
ZION Is now regarded generally as an
outrage.
Tyler's break with the whig party.
which accustomed the vacating OF the
Harrison cabinet, furnished the first
precedent OF this subject. and one which
III las since prevailed, just as his decision
y calaS himself president instead OF act
ing president has never since been chal-
,hnged. Had Tyler been a submissive
follower Of his chief the chances are
that cabinets would generally expect
ssAsnly G. ed upon to assume the presi-
1entia1 office.
Eilmore Sought New Advisers.
G%XSyEyysh,ns4t T5f4nn "a tnEHfha