davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times., 1901-05-21
Russian student Outbreaks.

We have been reading recently Of a
I0vtj1ous outbreak in cur National Mill
Jary Academy at West Point II was
neither very violent nor in any sense
SanSuinary. stiu IL was mutiny. and
We are glad 10 learn that several
cadets Of high standing are to be
cashiered. When the same sort of thing
happens in Europe our press is too
prone 10 jump to the conclusion that
the Government Of the country is at
fault, and that the boys are prosecuted.
That has been the general view re-
garding the recent student disturbances
in Russia. and we think that the evi-
dence shows it to be wrong Much
might be said in criticism of the Rus
sian educational system. In a country
where opportunities are very few for
TIE masses, it is questionable if it be a
good thing TO educate people beyond
the state Of life to which they have been
born, and to which antecedents and
environment will confine them in nine
ty-nine cases out of a hundred. Such
training does not help nation. On the
contrary, it breeds discomfort and
misery. We did not hear of Nihilism
until after the universities were thrown
open to the Russian people. Alexander
Il a we'll meaning but unscientific per-
son, who thought TO make his people
happy by nberating the serfs and
spreading the schOolmaster, did not
count upon the probability that the en-
franchised and educated might finl
themselves with an equipment for the
law or the diplomatic service, while
their actual conditions condemned them
to be peasants
This is a grave question, which ap-
plies to public education in every coun-
try. We do not propose at this time to
attempt to answer it Some of the most
advanced Of English thinkers-men like
Darwin and Huxley-think. or have
thought, that the whole theory Of State
education is wrong, but it must be said
that their ideas, based upon the intense
ind:vidUaIism which characterized An
glO-Saxnn progress during the nine
teenth century, are perhaps not applica-
ble to society as it exists today. More
and more the State is becoming respon-
sfble for the good of the masses within
its boundaries. More and more ii is
trying to elevate the intellectual plane
OF the people. Whether that is a good
or a bad idea must be left to the YER
dict Of posterity. The scheme which
started in America and has been
adopted in England and Europe almost
within the memory of men now living
has yet to be fully tested. Its results
in Russia do not seem to be encourag-
ing. It is almost a wrong to man
who is predestined to be a farm laborer
or a blacksmith, to teach him Greek.
Latin, French. and the piano.
The times., 1901-05-21
American Architecture.

It Is reported that a New York mil
| liOnaire is about to build, on Long Isl
/ and, an abode in exact imitation, or
| let Us say reproduction. of 3 castle in
the south of Ireland. Some bumptious
Americans viii be likely to demand
! that he build it instead in American
| style, but as nobody really knows what
/ that is. and as it is the milIionaire's
own house and he and not the other
! people are 10 live in it, perhaps he
I should be allowed to build it in the
way that suits him best
Some rich men in this country have
tried hard TO build themselves homes
! in American style, but the result has
seldom teen encouraging. 1t seems not
infrequently to be a mixture of
French, English, Irish. Italian. and
Egyptian architecture. and although a
mixture Of nationalities may be good
thing for nation, it has the effect, in
a house. of a badly constructed hash.
If this country had been settled long
enough for the inhabitants to find out
what they really need in the way Of
architecture, we might have a style of
our own, for in some mysterious man
ner the shape Of house which fits a GER
tain climate usually looks well in the
landscape The Swiss chalet has a
steep roof, made necessary because of
the heavy SHOWS which cannot be al
lowed to rest on the roof all winter
and must therefore be made TO slide
off; and the stiff points look charming
in the midst Of the mountain peaks and
pointed evergreens. The thatched roof
Of the English peasant, the yellow and
white mud walls Of the Orient, and the
marble of Italy, are equally suited to
the landscapes; and anyone who has
seen the bark tepee or skin wig
wan Of an Indian must admit that
they are singularly picturesque OBJ
jects
IT does not take long for a style Of
architecture TO become wonted to the
landscape, If the builders happen not
to be very rich. A poor man cannot
afford to build an uncomfortable house
il he can have comfortable one for
the same money. But as yetwe have
but two distinctive American styles.
both of which were originated not by
the climatic conditions. but by a tax
law. The colonial mansion of Virginia
was. in the beginning, a 3ne-stJry house
with wide hall and veTandas. The hall
and verandIs were put in ior ccoluess.
and the two huge chimneys owed their
being to the cheal5ness of wood ana
labor. The Kew England mansion OF
colonial times had caves which, in com
The times., 1901-05-21
CONFESSED TO PERJURY.
New Orleans Race Riot Witness
Says He Lied

NEW ORLEANS. May 20-The last of
the trials growing out Of the race riots OF
last July came to a close today when
Henry H. MaDry, colored, pleaded guilty
to perjury.
The trials of the negroes implicated in
the murder of the policemen and the
white members of the mob accused of
numbering negroes have proved failures.
There was only one conviction that of
Silas Jackson, charged with aiding Rob
ert Charles in killing policeman He
was found guilty OF manslaughter, but
the popular sentiment is so strong that
the evidence does not Justify the verdict
that there is every probability he will re-
ceiye new trial, or be released. For
these failures, Mabry, the confessed per-
jurer, is largely responsible.
The law officers thought it best to be-
gin their race trials by trying the white
members of the mob who on July % and
Is assaiIed and shot number of negroes
Perhaps the most atrocious of these mur-
ders was the murder of Mrs Mabry. an
old colored woman, who was shot through
the head, while lying in bed, and killed
by party of white men who went to
the house. Mabry, the son, pointed out
Mike Foley and George Flanagan as two
of the mob who killed his mother
This case was the first fixed for trial,
and was one of the worst, and the evi-
dence was clear and explicit, but the dis
trict attorney was staggered when Mabry
swore that all the former evidence was
false, that his affidavits were untrue. and
that he had not seen Foley or Flanagan
at the time of his mothers murder The
case fell fiat in consequence of this per-
jury. but Mabry was arrested today Ma
bry withdrew his plea OF not guilty and
pleaded guilty of perjury.
The times., 1901-05-21
A UNIQUE PETITION.
General Chafee sends Collection
of 5000 Chinese Autographs.

The War Department yesterday issued
a copy of a petition presented to General
Chaffee by a mass meeting of several
thousand Cinnamon on March % and
signed by $500 Chinese residents of Pekin.
praying for the retention of the American
troops.
Aside from the language of the petition,
which with the reply of Captain TNlson,
the United States Provost Marshal, is
subjoined. an interesting feature is that
it Is accompanied by the signatures of the
$500 petitioners, each on a detached slip
Of paper. of all sizes and shapes which is
in most instances the visiting card of the
sgner.
The paper usually is of intense vermiI-
lion hue. but sometimes of yellow, pink or
rose, many of them possessing a form of
chirography that is exquisitely artistic.
The whole forms a compact package of
some six inches in bulk. There is also in
book form the combined signatures of
shopkeepers. by trades, or streets. or sec
liOns, exhibiting in the most pleasing form
customs which. while strange to foreign
eyes, are doubtless very familiar objects
in the FlOWery Kingdom.
The times., 1901-05-21
Natures balance of Power.

1t is reported that experiments have
been made near some Of the coast towns
in Morocco for the destruction Of Iocusts
by means Of a fungus imported from
South Africa. This illustrates the new
method of combating mischievous in
sects and plants in farming. and it may
be called creating an artificial balance
Of power in nature.
When natural forces are let alone. the
result is a certain equilibrium, as per
feet as tnat OF the solar system. be
tween the various birds, animals, rep
tiles. insects. and plants in any given
part Of the earth. There are Just enough
insects 10 feed the birds, and just
enough birds TO keep the insect popula
ton from overrunning the vegetable
growths, while the animals devour and
are devoured, developing in the process
of hunting and being hunted various
peculiar powers Of muscle, smell. and
sight The process Of development un-
der these conditions is slow, but GER
tain, and nothing but some great eli
matte change, a sudden failure Of the
natural crops, or food, ever inter
feres with it,
Then man comes in, and he destroys
the equilibrium with speed and alacrity.
Some OF the vegetables ne decides to
be beneficial, and forthwith enters into
battle with the whole system Of nature
In order that he may have more of
them for his use. Some Of the animals
he declares Objectionable, and uses the
right of self-defence which has been
given to every creature to prevent
them from eating him or his crops. As
his powers Of protecting himself are
. TO be aided by guns, poison. traps,
= like, he soon reduces the num-
edible and ferocious animals so
ierably that the others have n
eH .ce to multiply rapidly He thus
roughly upsets the balance OF power
- nicely preserved for generations. and
sets about creating for himself by the
The times., 1901-05-21
THE CoLoRED VOTE PROBLEM.
Aiabarln's Constitutional Conven-
ton to Try 20 SOLVE IT.

MONTGOMERY, Ala. May 20-The
constitutional convention which meets
| here tomorrow IS composed of 155 dele
gates, of whom about 800 are lawyers
about thirty are farmers, and the re-
mainder are physicians, merchants. manu-
facturers, and bankers. There are 145
Democrats and combined Republican
and Populist opposition of ten. Fifty-five
of the delegates were elected from the
State at large, on a general ticket and
100 from the counties.
The only expressed purpose of the con-
vention is to eliminate the negro vote as
far as that can be done under tine amend
ments to the Constitution of the United
States. This is plainly declared in the
platform of the Democratic party. and it
is the only reform that has figured in the
long discussion and bitter campaigns that
preceded the final calling of the conven-
tton. The contention has been that negro
suffrage brought on ballot-box stuffing
which has. in its turn, produced an un-
endurable condition of fraud and corrup-
ton in politics and elections generally.
As yet no definite plan for the elimina-
tion has been formulated by public opin-
ion. The convention is hedged about by
the proviso, put in the platform and made
on the stump. that under no cireum-
stances will any white man be deprived
of his right to vote. This pledge was
thought necessary to conciliate the large
illiterate white vote and its sympathizers.
Notwithstanding this. so eminent a dele
gate as ex-Gov. William c. Oates de-
clares his purpose TO give precedence to
the spirit as well as the letter of the
Federal Constitution and is at the head
of the sentiment that farors restrictions
that will apply to both races alike The
poH-taX feature meets with general favor.
Generally speaking, however. the dele
gates come entirely uncommitted to any
plan.
Senator Morgan is being quoted as fav-
oring the disfranchisemeut of the negro
as a negro, contending that the only pen
atty is the loss of representation in pro-
portion in the lower branch of Congress
aud the electoral college. A strong senti-
ment Is growing in favor of trying that
and seeing what will come OF it. Should
Senator Morgan come here and contend
for that, he VIII have many adventurous
spirits in his wake.
The candidates for president OF the con-
Vention are Ex-Governor Oates and Ten
nent Lomax, of Montgomery. and John B.
Knox, of Anniston. The convention VIII
meet and hold it deliberations in the haI
of the House Of Represent atiVes
The times., 1901-05-21
GENERAL LIEBER TO RETIRE.
lie Concludes IA Long Tenn of Ser
vice as Judge Advocate

Brig. Gen G. Norman Lieber, Judge Ad-
vocate General of the Army will be
placed on the retired list today on ac-
count Of having reached the age limit
Lieut. Col. J. w Clous and Col Thomas
+. Baer will be promoted to the office of
Judge Advocate General in the order
named and be Immediately retired
Lieut.. Col. G. B. Davis will then assume
the Office for period of four years.
General Bieber has made a splendid
record, and his administration has been
free from blame. He was made first lieu
tenant May H. 1861. being appointed from
New York, although born in South Caro-
lima. In November. 1862, he was appointed
a judge advocate with the rank of major
in the volunteer establishment. and was
transferred to the permanent establish
ment in the same grade in February 1867.
His patriotic devotion TO the cause of the
Union is demonstrated by the fact that
he was brevetted three times for gallant
and meritorious services during the war
of the rebellion, once for service IN ac-
ton at the Battle of Gaines Mil, Va, and
again for services in the Red River cam
paign.
He has been at the head of the Judge
Advocate Generals Department since
July, 1854. and during the first eleven
years of that period he performed all the
duties, receiving only the pay of colonel,
however while Judge Advocate General
Swain, the incumbent was under suspen-
sion by sentence of court martial. He be-
came Judge Advocate General in Janu-
AIRY, 1885,. General Lieber is a graduate
of the South Carolina College, Columbia,
S. C., and Of the Harvard Law School
The times., 1901-05-21
THE CUBAN REPORTS IN.
Both Documents Submitted to the
Havana Convention.

HAVANA. May 20.-At a private ses-
sion OF the Constitution Convention to-
day the majority and minority reports OF
the Committee on Relations, which was
cabied yesterday. were read. Several OF
the most radical members said they
would not vote tn favor OF the minority
report. as they were in favor Of the ab-
solute rejection of the Platt amendment.
II is claimed that these delegates want
to exploit their opposition to the amend
meut
An attempt has been made by the radi-
Gals TO compel Senior Rodriguez to resign
from the convention on the ground that
he had accepted a position under the
Government. namely. chief of rural
guard According TO the bylaws OF the
convention, no delegate may accept h po-
sition under the Government Senior Rod
riguez's defence was that he was Mayor
OF Havana when he was elected a dele
gate TO the convention. and that he re-
signed that Office to become chief of the
rural guards. Senor Rodriguez wrote to
Senior Capote. President of the conven-
llon, leaving the matter to the decision
OF the convention. 1t was decided that
senior Rodriguez should remain dele
gate
The floating drydock was launched to-
day. 1t was Duiit in Cuba of plates sent
from the United States. 1t will float
vessels Of 5000 tons. and WIN be ready for
Use in about two months. Until then the
Spanish floating dock, which is under
the command OF a Spanish officer, will De
used by vessels needing repairs, but after
the new dock is ready the Spanish dock
will not be allowed to continue working.
it being the property of a foreign Govern
ment.
The new dock can float any OF the mer-
chant vessels that call at Havana
The times., 1901-05-21
THE NORTH STATES SONS DINE.
Governor Aycock's Address Enthu-
siasticalIy Received in New York.

NEW YORK, May 20.-The North Car
olina Society. of New York, held it's sec
ond annual banquet in the Waldorf AS
toria this evening, and it was one of the
most spirited and interesting of all the
state society reunions that have been
held in the city this winter
Judge Augustus A. Van Wyck presided.
and at his right sat Governor Ayeock, of
North Carolina. who had been especially
invited. Among the other guests who
sat upon the dais were Rev. John II. Lo-
gle, President of the West Virginia So
ciety; Gov. Hugh S. Thompson. of the
Southern Society; Major Edward owen,
Colonel PearsaH, and William Woodward
Bryan, President of the Maryland Socie-
ty
Judge Van Wyck introduced the first
speaker of the evening, Governor Ay-
cock. When Governor Aycock rose to
speak he was received with continued ap-
pIause, which finally eliminated in the
entire assembly of some 200 or 800 persons
rising to their feet, waving their napkins
and giving three hearty cheers.
Governor Aycocl's speech, particularly
his patriotic references to the obliteration
Of all sectional lines and differences, was
received with much enthusiasm. while his
analysis of the recently enacted suffrage
pointed out the opportunities which still
remained under that law for negroes to
vote, were received with frequent out
bursts of laughter. This laughter became
so pronounced at one time that the Gov
ernor rebuked the Ievity ty saying that
II was Of the same order as the vilifica-
ton which lately. had been put upon the
State by critics in other parts of the
country who did not know the actual
conditions prevailing in the South
At the close of Governor Aycock's ad-
dress the diners again rose and gave
aim three hearty cheers with. tiger,
after which they all united in singing
odd North State Forever" The next
toast was The Mecklenburg Declaration
OF Independence on May 20. 1775," which
was responded to by James w. Osborne
Assistant District Attorney of the County
of New York. Then followed THE Old
North State In the United States Senate
and the Supreme Court" responded TO by
George Gordon Battle, of New York
Mayor Van Wyck was not present at
the dinner by reason of his rule against
attending such functions He gave a din
ner for Governor Aycock and ex-Justice
Van Wyck at the Democratic Club on Sat
urday night, afterward taking them to
the theatre.
The times., 1901-05-21
ESTHER CLEVELAND ILL.
The ex-President's Daughter suffer-
ing From an artnck of Dfphtheria.

PRINCETON. N. J., May 20.-Ex-Presi-
dent Grover Cleveland's home in Bayard
Avenue has been quarantined. His little
daughter, Esther about nine years old. is
suffering from a mild attack of diphthe-
ria. She was stricken with the disease
last Friday, but it is said that the criti-
cal stage is over now. and that her con-
dition is improving.
Esther is Mr.. Cleveland's second child.
The other children, Ruth. Marion, and
Richard, are confined IN the same house
with the sick child, but they are being
kept as far removed from her as posi-
bic. and have. not developed any symp-
toms of the disease.
DR.. ]. H. wikof. the attending physi-
clan, said tonight: Mr.. Cleveland's
daughter Esther has a mild attack OF
diphtheria She is not seriously III. She
is being kept Isolated from the rest of the
family and everything possible IS being
done to prevent the spread of the dis
ease. The other children are well
The times., 1901-05-21
ADMIRALs IN THE ORIENT.
Three of Them Near MANILA VIII
Cause Change of Commands

Rear Admiral Rodgers sent telegraphic
notification to the Navy Department yes
terday Of his arrival at Cavite, in his flag
ship, the armored cruiser New York The
New York left the New York Navy Yard
on March 3, and Hampton Roads on
March 10. on her long voyage to the Phil
ippines. She touched at Gibraltar. Tan
gier. Algiers, Port Said, Suez. Perrin, Co
lornbo, and Singapore.
The arrival of Admiral Rodgers at Ca
vite displaces Rear Admiral Kempn as
temporary commander of the Asiatic Sta
tion. Admiral Rodgers being the senior Of
ficer Admiral Rcmey, now temporarily
absent in Australia and New Zealand, win
resume the duties of commander-.n-chief
Of the station on his return TO Cavite,
and will make a redistribution Of duties
of himself and the two other flag officers
One of these officers will probably be as
signed to shore or headquarters duty at
Cavite, another assume command of the
naval force in the Philippines, and the
third command the force in Chinese
waters This arrangement viii last until
the force in the station has been reduced
to l point where three flag officers are
no longer necessary. 1t is likely that
should the European naval station be re-
established Admiral Rodgers will be as
signed TO it's command.
The times., 1901-05-21
A GIFT TO SCOTLAND.
hr. Cnrncgie's Offer to Provide Uni
yersity Educations.

LONDON. May 20.-For the last few
years Andrew Carnegie has been consid-
erins a scheme for giving Scotch students
university education. A recent article
IN the Nineteenth Century" by Thomas
Shaw. h. c.. NJ. p, gave him an idea as
TO what form this aid might assume. He
then consulted with Lord Balfour, of Bur
leigh, Secretary for Scotland; the Earl of
flgin and hincardine Lord Lieutenant of
Ftfeshire; Thomas Scott, Solicitor Gener-
al for Scotland. and others in regard to
his project
a tabulated return shows that the
present sum raised by fees in the Scotch
universities is about $4,000 a year Mr.
Carnegie estimates that the e5O0OO a
year which he is willing TO provide will
open the doors of the universities to
every boy and girl in Scotland who is
able to pass the entrance examinations.
1t is expected that the scheme will be
favored by the Government.
LONDON, May 2o-The discussion of
Mr. Carnegie's gift reveals. notwithstand-
ing the appreciation and admiration of
its muniiicence, some couot whether it
will be really beneficial to university in
terests in Scotland. The students fees,
to the payment of which the gift is de-
a year for each student, while the uni
versity expends from G20 to $50 in edu-
eating him
The total expenditure of the university
viii necessarily be increased with the
number of students, and if freeing them
OF fees causes an increase of students, as
it doubtless would, the universities must
appeal to the public for additional funds
to provide education. Moreover, with the
primary schools and universities feeless.
the secondary schools. it is argued, must
be the same. This would cost f90, 600
year, which can only be provided by the
taxpayers, who would not favor extra
taxation, or private munifcence, which is
hypothetical.
The Scotsman" a leading Edinburgh
paper, discussing the matter on the fore
going lines, says that Mr. Carnegie's offer
IS disconcerting from its very magnifi-
cence. Scotland, it adds, cannot afford to
refuse it without the best reason, yet can
not afford to accept it if, owing to the
conditions imposed. it deranges the whole
educational system.
The times., 1901-05-21

light of reason. one which shall replace
tmies of evolution. The result is that
his one defensive weapon, the brain,
becomes abnormalIy developed, and civ
ilizatioa is the consequence.
But even in civilization it is some
times advisable to borrow natures
methods. and the modern farmer is
prone 10 study them for the eXtermina-
ton of Eis manifold insect and vegeta-
bic enemies. Scientists have discovered
fungi which will destroy some trouble
some weeds, and germs which viii de-
stroy other germs known to cause dis
ease in plants. Science recognizes the
fact that when these fungi are once
set in operation they will do the work
much quicker and better than the
farmer can. the only danger being that
the remedy may prove worse than the
disease. Years ago somebody intro
duced the mongoose in one of the ISL
ands Of the West Indies, for the pur-
pose of killing snakes; and the mon
goose not only killed off all the ophidian
population. but multiplied SO rapidly
that it in turn became pest.
The perfect civilization win perhaps
be based more exactly on natural laws
than the present one, We may have
laws for the preservation OF harmless
birds which are Of no value except for
tbeir plumase. and that viii do some
thing 90 reduce thc insect Nuisance. We
may alsJ hA}ru not 20 interfere with the
WORKINGS ot nature unnecessarily. or
to combat iu an arbitrary and short
sighted manner laws evolved Tor the
good Cf aN living things.