The times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1897-1901, 1901-01-01

North Point September IL 1914 met with
little or no opposition; but Ross being
killed. on the 18th, in his advance toward
the city. and all attempts on Fort Nc
Henry being brayely repulsed. they were
compelled to abandon the enterprise The
British next turned their attention to New
Orleans. The decisive battle was COM
menced In December, 1871. the Americans
under Jackson and the British under Pack
enham. The final attack was reserved for
the Sth Of January. following. The British
were, at length obliged to retire with a
loss Of $500 men. wounded captured or
slain, including their general. Packenham
and their chief officers; while the Ameri-
cans had not lost more than six killed and
seven wounded This ended the war The
Treaty of Client. concluded between the
American and English commissioners. vas
ratified by the President and Senate OF the
United States. February 1915.
A Period of Progress.
The period between the years 1916 and
and 1s4S was marked by the annexation
of Texas and the war with Mexico. A
vast territory of some six hundred and
thirty thousand square miles, including
upper California and New Mexico, accrued
to the United States as a result of the
latter conflict. Soon after came the news
of the discovery of gold in these new re-
gions. Multitudes of emigrants hurried
towards the shores of the Pacific. settle
ments were made. and population, COM
MERGE. and industry increased at truly
wonderful rate
With all its mighty internal develop
ment of natural resources. the nation be-
came threatened with a terrible crisis.
The great question which had primarily
created the two chief political parties OF
the country, the subject of States rights,
had become. in connection with slavery,
the cause OF bitter division between the
North and South. The civil war had
been averted for many years by the con-
summate abilities of such men as Clay,
Webster. and Calhoun. but it was bound
to come Throughout the long years he
tween 1861 and 1865 this terrible conflict
waged. The battle of Gettysburg marked
its decisive event. General Lee, the COM
mander of the Southern forces, with the
view of carrying the war into Northern
territory. marched into Pennsylvania and
concentrated his army at Gettysburg,
country town of the latter State. There
he was met by General Meade and on the
1st, I'd, and Sd of July. 1863, the two
forces engaged in the fatal and terrible
battle The result was a defeat for the
South, which afterwards fought upon an
ever weakening system of defence. Grant,
in supreme charge of the Union forces
gradually closed in his enormous army CT
six hundred thousand men upon his gal
liant adyersaries. who were compelled to
surrender on the 9Th of April, 1865.
The successful termination of the war
procured the emancipation of four mill
lions of human beings, augmented the re-
spect of foreign nations for America, and
displayed to the world her immense and
resources.
The inhabitants throughout the area of
the country are becoming every year more
closely bound together by the Ties of com
mercial interest. Northern capital is now
being directed to the development of the
agricultural industries of the South and
the outlook for the future prosperity OF
American manufactures in every section
of the country Is phenomenal. AS it is,
he United States is now supplying the
markets of the world with nearly every
species OF merchandise and manufacture.
At the late Paris Exposition the great
est number of awards was accorded Amer
icsn products.
The movement of expansion lately adopt
ed by the Government which implies the
institution of colonial dependencies. has
awakened much discussion regarding its
accord with the principles of the Consti-
tuition The events of the SpanishAmeri-
can war which resulted in the possession
Of the Philippines. Porto Rico and Guam,
with the extraordinary crime
which precipitated hostiiities, are still
fresh in the minds of all.
The policy of the Government regarding
the Chinese question has been outlined by
the President. and while he unites with
the demands of the European Powers for
Justice. he disclaims all participation in
European politics in the East.
Expansion of the Country.
It is interesting to note few signifi-
cant facts as showing the growth of the
United States as a nation. The Revolu-
.ionary war was fought by men clad main
" in homespun. and using a fint-lock
hunting rife. Manufactures had been
steadily repressed by England, and agri-
culture was the only resource of the coun-
-ry. The mechanical arts, with the ex-
,eption Of shipbuilding in New England, |
,ad made little or no progress. The farm |
house was a mandatory of all tie arti- |
les OF daily use Clothes. hats, shoes. |
md harness were made at home. Even |
rails were hammered out in the winter |
ime. The land was turned by plows, the |
noldboards of which were faced with |
strips OF iron made by Strengthening out |
I'D horseshoes. The grass was cut by |
icythe; the grain. by a sickle. Grain was |
breshed out on the barn floor with fail.
II else trodden out by cattle. The raw |
lax and wool were carded, spun, and WOW
N into cloth by the women OF the house
lold.
With the coming OF freedom, the me-
harical arts and manufactures sprang
nto vigorous existence with as much ce-
Gritty as the armed patriots of the Revo-
ution had come forth from the dragons
eeth sown by British tyranny.
10 np1y in ha |
n garden. When eight bags of IL is staple
lrrived at Liverpool in 1884, the custom
house officers seized it on the plea that
10 much could not have been raised in
America Only four years after the last
british soldier left our shores, the first |
otton mill was set in motion at Beverly,
Iass In 1888. Whitney invented the cot
on gin for separating the seed from the
ibre The present output of cotton from
his country is numbered by the millions
II bales. and is constantly upon the in
,rease.
When the Declaration of independence
vas signed, there were only two steam
.ne;nes in the thirteen colonies-one at !
oassaic and the other in Philadelphia.
let within five years after the evacuation
Il New York. Fitch placed a trial steam
,oat on the Delaware; in 1904. Evans
,uilt a steam redge at Philadelphia; in
SO7, Fulton solved the problem of steam
navigation; in 1919. steamer crossed the
Atlantic; and in 1890. Peter Cooper made
he first locomotive built in America for
abroad purposes. and it drew ear of
upon the Baltimore and Ohio
First Telegraph Message.
The first message sent by a recording
telegraph was forwarded May, 1914. be-
ween Washington and Baltimore. in the
ublime words What hath God