davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1901-08-01

inclined those who study it the closest
to believe that, making allowance for
the great inferiority of the class of
invertebrates, the Formidable certain
ly hold among invertebrates a rank
commensurable with that sustained by
primates, including man, among vete-
brates.
Taking into account the compare
lively enormous masses of brain mat
ter belonging to a number of large
animals which exhibit a marked de-
gree of incogitance, and the intelli-
gence manifested by members of this
division of Hymenopetra, the claim
made by Darwin that the anterior
ganglion in the head Of an ant consti-
tuting its brain SIS the most marvellous
atom of matter In the world" is JUS
titled.
1t is interesting to notice how diverse
are the methods adopted by inverte
brate intelligence from that of man in
attaining a desired result. For in
stance, men make the tools they re-
quire for carving or for digging, in
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1901-08-01

paced in their ,wn warlike mouths.
and would sta IN the midst of plen-
" were this not done.
The mandibles of these ants, Polyer-
gus rufescens and p lucidus, the form
er European, the latter an American
species, are entirely untitled for work.
They can neither crush, cut nor saw;
but, being sharply pointed and curved,
they make most serviceable weapons;
with them in attacking an enemy,
Polyergus seizes the head of her foe
between the points Of these curved
poignards and penetrates the brain ut
once.
A number of ants among those of
very different species are distinguished
by possessing relatively large heads,
the use of which is extremely problem
atical.
And yet the smaller members of the
commonwealths find use for the
great creatures. Numbers of them may
often be seen riding about. as human
beings do upon elephants, upon the
backs and heads of their gigantic con.
not account for the disproportonately
large heads of the giants. But the Col
obopsis ants, which burrow in
branches, seem to have discovered how
to profitably employ the big-heads
| among them. They are placed at the
entrances of the Formican dwellings,
their great heads fitting in and filling
the doorways. AS a worker belonging
to the household approaches she is rec
| ognized by "the animated and intelli-
gent front door," which draws back
sufficiently to admit the entrance Of
it's friend and then resumes it's double
Office of sentry and of barrier.
The Eciton are the Arabs of the ant
tribes, always at war with all other
animals, with no settled places of
abode, but ever wandering in journeys
that have no end. Yet in their temper
ary resting places the necessities and
instincts common to the whole Formi-
can family impel these nomads to build
habitations which conform to the char
after and style of the fixed and per-
manent abodes of ordinary ants. AS.
however, both the time and natural
apparatus for digging possessed by the
latter are wanting to excavate gal
leries and apartments necessary for
feeding and sheltering larvae and
pupae, these remarkable animals
overcome the difficulty in most as
tonishing manner by constructing liv-
ing habltations. using their own bodies
as building materials.
But the most amusing instance of
the manner in which an ant left by ma
ture to her own devices overcomes a
difficulty is perhaps that of the Deco
iphylla smaragdina. This ant, one of
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1901-08-01
COCOA DRY HOUSES IN TRIN1DADIIx1NG THE BEANS.

in all stages, occur side by side. and
ripened fruit is harvested at all times
of the year. The main crop, however,
natures in the dry season, and Is usu-
ally harvested in February, only small
quantities ripening during the remain
der of the year.
The pods each contain FIVE rows of
seeds or beans, quite similar to
large, thick Lima bean, embedded in
Il pink, acid pulp. These seeds are the
cocoa beans of commerce. The har-
vesting consists of cutting off the ma
ture pods by means of knife on a
long bamboo pole, gathering them into
heaps on the ground, where they are
allowed to lie for about twenty-four
hours. They are then cut open with
cutlass, the seeds and pulp coming
out in mass; these are carried to the
dry house.
AS soon as the beans reach the dry
house, they are placed in the ''sweat
box" or pit where they are closed up
tight and allowed to ferment for some
time.
The next process is the drying, which
Is accomplished by spreading the beans
in layer over the platform and dry
ing them in the sun. LabOrers are kept
constantly stirring them, while exposed
to the sun. with 4 wooden rake, so
that they will dry evenly. Each morn
ing, during the early stages Of the dry
ing process, the beans are gathered
into heap in the middle of the floor
and given thorough mixing. This is
sometimes accomplished by the labor
ers mixing and kneading them by
treading them with their bare feet,
rs shown in the illustration. This is
known as dancing the cocoa" and
renders the beans smooth and uniform
in color 1t usually requires ten days
! or two weeks to finish the drying de-
pending on the weather. The dried
beans, when ready for market, are put
in canvas bags holding about $50
pounds, and the name of the planta-
| ton stenciled on the bags, these names
| or brands at times becoming very
prominent in the market for the quail
| ty of cocoa the plantation is reputed to
produce.
! The manufacturing, which is invari-
ably done in Northern factories, con-
sists of roasting the beans in revolv-
ing cylinder, this develops the aroma
and fits them for crushing. After the
beans are crushed they are screened to
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1901-08-01

adult ant possesses nothing with which
to secure the edge of the leaves togeth-
er after they have been brought into
the required position; but it's larva is
furnished with glands that secrete an
abundance of adhesive, gelatinous SUBJ
stah ce. by the aid Of which It forms
it's cocoon, and these intelligent in
sects actually make animated mucil-
age brushes Of their larvae in order
to effect their purpose. A number of
the ants, seizing the edges of the
leaves in their mandibles. bring them
together into the form needed and hold
them there, while other ants, each one
Of which bears larva in its jaws, ap-
ply the mouths of the larvae to such
parts Of the leaves as require to be
cemehted together, and induce their
offspring to disgorge as much sticky
material as they find necessary to ac-
complish the desired result.-Scientific
American.
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1901-08-01
THE CULTIVATION Of COCOA
IN The WEST INDIA ISLANDS
~ o the active young man pos
sessed of a limited amount
of capital, who is looking for

an Occupation as well as IN
vestment, in the Lesser Antilles or in
many parts of Venezuela, the cultiva-
tion of cocoa is at the present time
the most inviting of the agricultural
pursuits. The island of Trinidad,
which is the one most familiar to the
writer, produces cocoa of quality Sec
ond to none, and only equaled by that
grown in the vicinity of Caracas, and
always brings the highest price in the
London market. Considerable patience
is required to grow it from the seed
lings, as it takes five or six years of
cultivation before there is harvest
worth mentioning, and seven or eight
years before a full crop can be real
lied, but when the trees are once full
grown they will continue to bear fruit
for an almost Indefinite time.
The cultivation of cocoa consists
largely of draining the land. keeping
down the underground of bush and
weeds. and trimming the trees. The
flowers occur in clusters on the main
branches and on the trunk of the
trees, usually only one of each cluster
reaching maturity. The fruit, which
Is seen in the illustration, Is n hard
ped six or seven inches long, resemb-
ling a cucumber. growing from the
trunk or large branches, and looks
very much as though it We're artificial
ly attached Buds, blossoms and fruit,
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1901-08-01

tender lother, tiercely defending her
eggs an her young ones. First he
says. tn spider weaves a silken bas-
ket like repository for the eggs, using
the rearpart of her body as form.
In thi basket she lays the eggs.
pilinS tenn up carefully and neatly.
Then sh covers the exposed eggs with
fabric of silk threads, the whole
forminga minute hall within which
the egsslie snugly and well protect
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1901-08-01

LerS,
ul re-
sugations
made few years axu :, McCook,
Moggridge and Bates, have deservedly
awakened new interest in everything
connected with the lives and habits of
ants. The remarkable evidences they
exhibit of something which, notwith-
standing it's limitations, seems akin to
human intelligence: the perfection, as
compared with other insects. of its
physical structure; the greater proper
tion borne by the brain to the rest of
the body; and it's wonderful social life,
so much more highly developed than
that of the bees or Of the wasps, have
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1901-08-01
Keeping Up the Heat.

Thep Of the stove is often crowd
ed. Ire are dishes that are cooked,
but mt be kept warm. This can be
acconshed by the device shown in
the CT
A b just a bit higher than q hand
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1901-08-01

so entirely to military affairs, and
have SO entirely lost the arts of peace
and efficiency in domestic matters, that
they are not only obliged to depend
upon their slaves to care for the young
in the formicary. but to have the food
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1901-08-01
Quite Like q Jewelry Store,

l Kansas town the other day
MI Ruby Opal entertained Miss
Pc Diamond. They were seen
rohS on the emerald green of the
lawith sparkles of fun shooting
frftheir turquoise eyes.-Denver
70
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1901-08-01

where 1t Is subjected to heat and pres
sure, and the flt. known as "cocoa
butter" is squeezed uut, and the hard
substance left II the sack has only to
be broken or powdered to become the
pure chocolate, and this more or less
adulterated is he chocolate Of COM
merce.-Scientifc American.
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1901-08-01
Author Reveals Spiders Methods,

Professor D.. Hess has just pub
lished an Interesting treatise on house
insects, with especial reference to spi-
ders and dies. The spider, he says,
is blood-thirsy insect of prey. But
she Is also q great artist and q most
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1901-08-01

lamas both top and bottom re-
moi Across the top are stretched
wiz The box is then set down over
a b, and the kettle or dish is set
upole wires, where it's heat will be
fulhaintained.
Tdevice will often prove of the
gret service, and can be made by
an!e in ten minutes.
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1901-08-01

common occurrence in Eastern Asia,
forms shelters by bending the edges Of
the leaves of the trees upon which 1t
lives and fastening them together. The
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1901-08-01

ed fro ocold, etc. If this be instinct.
a gooceal of what is called human
intelliace" should be called ''in-
stinct, too, says the author.
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1901-08-01

forming other uses as if they We're
nero lifeiess cells in honeycomb.
Among the Formidable this tenden-
,cy to specialization has resulted in es-
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1901-08-01

man who shakes hands mos. is
gdly the hardest to shake.
Republican news item. [volume] (Laport, Pa.) 1896-19??, 1901-08-01

separate the "nibs," or crushed nuts,
from the shells. The nibs are then
ground to a fine meal; this is put in
sacks and put in powerful press,
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1901-02-23
MARsHALLrowN PENSIONS.
soldiers, Home Veterans and Others
secure Original and Increasing
Pensions

Soldiers, Home Veterans and Others
secure Original and Increasing
Pensions.
Pension Agent Robert Denbow, of AL
b:on, reports the following pensions to
Marshalltown people:
Lucnius Mccoy. captain of Company
r, Sixty seventh United States Colored
Troops, increase from S. to IS per.
I.,onth, commencing March Z, 1900
Thomas Crawford. Soldiers Home,
private in Company /, Twenty third n.
linois Infantry, original, IS per month,
commencing Oct. "a 1900.
James j. Jordan, captain Of Company
G., Sixth Iowa Infantry, for many years
member of the Soldiers Home. but
row of Genoa Bluffs, Iowa county, In
crease from s6 to $40, commencing Aug.
%. 1900.
Arthur w. Dickson. Company G,
Twentieth Iowa Infantry, original pen
sion OF &c. commencing July %. 1895.
Mr.. Dickson is an old resident of this
city.
Widows pension has also been se-
cured for Mrs. Melissa r. McNIurray,
lelict of Richard L.. McNurray, of Com
pany B, One Hundred and Thirty-sev-
enth Illinois Infantry, al the rate of So
beginning April l6, 1900. Mrs. icAIurray
lives in this city.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1901-02-23
ADJUSTMENTS.
:Msws.3S9s.


{ THE Belle of New York, presented
by George w Lederer SALISBURY
Theater London-N New York Casino Com.
pany-, is all ihat is claimed for i IN the.
Nay of being a distinctively city ai.rac-
lily costumed and with elaborate scenic
accessories but as d mlsira organiZa-s
ton and comedy Of the comic oper;i va
liety The Belle % decidedly a llsap-
pointment The story OF the opera has.
girls and a handsome salvation Army
lassie whom everybody Is vesa soi't Of
Little Minister in conn opera. witch
ifnprcssea one az some wi3at ireoagru-
Gus, inasnuch as there s. no attempt.
at travesty. Then the music is d.sap-
pointing. The choruses .elt- exeeiiently
rendered ana evenly balanced, but there
was q conspicuous absnee 81 soioiats or
rather voices by the soleists. Beuiah
Dodge, the Salvation Army lass!e, pos
Igessss a very sweet voice, but it is not
strong and Is entirely inadequate TO the
part. The same wastrue If some Of the
Iother soloists, While in one or two in
stances there was sufficient volume but
ian absence Of that pleasing sweetness
lof the comedy work lacked finish and
mostof the jokes We're ancient. Edward
~. Connolly is heralaed as the bright
particular star of the organization. and
while he poss@ De Wolf Hopper legs
and other attributes essen,ial to q comic
male part in comic opera. he is decided
lily deficient IN the matter Of voice The
best comedy work of the production was
1yf,f ,,f
|.ernick, the polite lunatic. and James
Leary and Wilmer Bentley's twin Por-.
tuguese nobiemen Aside from the
chorus the only musical selection above
the mediocre was When We Are Mar
|ried, as surg by Fiji and Bronson.
(Mae Sailor and George Tallman). The
immense audience, which packed the
Odeon, failed to enthuse during the en-
tire evening. and hut few of the players
We're recalled. Perhaps the general en-
pectation was sat too high. but it is
only just to say that With all it's elab-
oratenes' we have seen much better
operas more satisfactorily presented.
Probably the largest Out Of town at
tendance that has ever been accorded
a theatrical attraction in Marshaiitown
was present. Theater parties were pres
ELL from tii ustsStiois, as Tar south as
Oskaloosa, north from Intervening
points and including Ackley. from the.
east as far as Tama and Toledo and
from the west as far as Ames and in
GLIDING Nevada and State Center. Many
from along the Story City branch were
present and train No. 3o5 was held until
II: l5 in order to accommodate the visit
ors. A great many people from the sur
rounding towns and country commune
ties drove to the city.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1901-02-23
70 TAKE OP ATHLETICS.
Movement Started in the Rail.
road Y. M. c. A. TO Secure
Athletic instruction.
Board Decides to Employ a Phys.
ical Director. at Least For
. Time.
Secretary Fellineham Now in
Search Of a Competent Man
..City News.

The board of directors of the Railway
Y. NJ. c. A. of this city has decided TO
pay more attention to athletics than the
association has been doing lately, and
has instructed Secretary j. III. Felling-
ham to secure for the association a
thoroughly competent instructor. who
will devote all of next summer, at least,
TO the physical welfare of the members
of the association.
Secretary Fellingham left Friday eve
ming for Iowa City, where he will re-
main a few days looking after the Sc
lection of an instructor, and will, If pos
sible, secure the services of Mr. f. w.
Bailey, gymnasium instructor in the.
State University of Iowa, or MIR. T.. A..
Rule, his assistant. If it proves inlposs-
sble to obtain the services of either of
these gentlemen, Secretary Feilingham
Will try and secure some university man
Who has received thorough course of
instruction in athletics In. the university.
The association means TO have the in
structor, whoever he may be, to spend
all of the coming summer here and train
association members in track and field
work, and, possibly, If a competent team
lean be secured. il viii be sent to the
Held day of the Y. NJ. G. A. of the state.
at is also intended to have a senior and
Junior camp of association members
between the 10th and close of july,
which Will be very similar to the camps
lof the military regiments of the state,
excepting that the members will train
for athletics instead of drill, This move
H.. -,
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1901-02-23

REPUBLICAN CAOCUS[S
City Commissioner Call Meet.
infs Of the Various Ward
Republicans.
caucuses 10 Be Held Next Thurs.
day to Nominate Convention
Delegates.
Plans Also Discussed For Plac.
Ing . Township Ticket in
the Field.

The republican city committeeman of
the county organization held meeting
at noon today for the purpose of arr
ranging for the holding of caucuses by
the various ward, republicans at which
delegates to the county convention will
be nominated.
The committee decided to call the
caucuses to meet on next Thursday
evening. February %, at hours and
places yet to be announced. The cau-
cuses will select the number of dele
gates to the county convention accred-.
tied to each ward and their names will
be placed on the tickets and viii be
voted on at the coming primary, which
will be held on the 18th of March. The
county convention to which these dele
gates are sent will choose delegates to
the state convention and it is therefore
important that active, influential repub-8
licans attend the caucuses.
Another matter discussed by the COM
mitteemen was the placing in nomina-
ton of full ticket for the Offices of
Marshall township The republicans
have neglected this during the past few
years, with the result that there is at
the present time no board of township
trustees and no township p clerk, some of
those elected on both the republican
and democratic tickets in the past hay
ing failed to qualify. While these are
rot very important positions, emergen-
cies may arise that demand the atten-
ton of the trustees.
Nothing new has developed in the pri-
mary situation during the pas: few
days, except a report to the effec: that
one of the candidates for county super
intendent will probably withdraw.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1901-02-23
wINTER- N AIDE IsIIrlTER.


You can not produce first-class win
ter butter unless you churn often. To
churn every other day is better than
once in three days. While to put it off TOD
every fourth day ia execrable practice.
featured on the latter plan is marketed
dairy trade.
Ii is found primarily in country stores,
where it has been exchanged by small
dairynen at a second -rate price for gro-
'ceries.
The ira desmen ship it in lots to the
city market, where al! the way thru,
whether i t ends in the Harder of a baker
or on the table OF the poor workingman,
it is classed as inferior and sells for a
low price.
And yet the original material from
which this butter was made was AZ good
as that which is employed in turning
5ont the % cent and 30 cent article.
The infcriorityof quality and conse-
quent lcs's to dairymen follows because.
they ignore the right principles OF but
ter making. suppose that farmer, aft
ter raising a fine crop Of potatoes and
digging them. should ALLOW the tubers i %
hlie q day on two in the sun before stor-
ing them in the root cellars. Could he
eSt7eet to sell the green. bitter vegeta
bifs for full market quotations. Ger
ttaiflly not, and even the most obtuae
are thoroughly well aware of this fact.
And yet. those who use cornnlon sense
in this respect With inconceivable folly.
vii spoil good cream and butter by
sWantofi neglect an outlined above Ii is
pretty costly neglect too. as it forfeits
from cents TO itcentsY on every pound
lsof inferior butter
This could all be obviated by churning
lsereanl when ii Is fresh and pure, /. e.
!. Slightly matured but not bitter and
manufacturing it into butter according
| 6. modern principles.
cream should all be secured from the
/ mix IN AZ lea 81 twenty four hours. and
4 then the cream should be matured and
/ enurnsd within the next twenty -four.
Y This car be done usually by keeping II
at a teinpsrature OF between so and 70
/ degrees Its where cream isi kept near
40 degrees. and for ssveral days that ii
develops that bitter flavor ruinous to
butter quality-G George f. Newell in
I Farmers Voice
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1901-02-23
DISCARDED
The Old Methods OF Treating piles
and Rectal Diseases >upplanted by
q, 4, =. MI ii lIiI., q tiie

The Old Methods OF Treating piles
and Rectal Diseases supplanted by
the Pyramid pile Cure.
The old methods OF treating piles by
ligature, by the knife or by the cruel
sinethods OF diiatatien. besides causing
intense pain and frequently collapse
and death. are now known to be but
mere nlaksshifts as far as a cure is con-
-ernsG.
The liver is responsible for nearly
every case Of plies and the inistake has
tsen made Of treating piles as a purely
local disease. Such is not the case, now
eyer, end the success of the new treat
ment known as the Pyramid Pile Cure
has demonstrated 1t
The Pyramid Pile Cure is not a salve
ors ointment, but a suppasitcry which is.
applied at night ard absorbed into the.
sensitive rectal membrane and acts
both as a local and a constitutional
treatment and IN many cases of many
Years standing this treatment has been.
leffecylal
Thousands of pile sufferers bear Wit
hess Ia the inestiinable value of the
Pyramid and even those who have un-
dergone surgical operations without a
cure. have beer happily surprised by
results from a few weeks treatment
With the Pyramid.
The relief from pain is so immediate
that patients sometimes imagine that
the Pyramid contains epiates or cocaine
because the relief is so instantaneous
but the Pyramid Pile Cure is guaran-
teed absolutely free from any opiate or
mineral poison whatever.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1901-02-23
Gas Ranges 70. tsnsoIine stoves.

Some women use gasoline stoves UNI
dert he impression that they do the
work of a gas range without costing as
much. They are wholly mistaken. A
gasoline stove is not cheap substi-
tute for gas range. 1t viii not do the
work OF . gas range. 1t will not cook
as much or do 1t as effectively or as
we'll.
Even II 1t would do the work OF a gas
range and even IL 1t were not an Ill
smelling contrivance and hard to man
age, 1t is entirely too dangerous an artI-
Gle to be placed in the kitchen Of any
house.
You don't need to be reminded OF the
frequency With which gasoline acci-
dents occur. You can read about them
in every newspaper. There would be
more than there are except that people
are gradually learning to use gas
ranges and dispense with gasoline cook
ing altogether. Every woman who has
escaped safely from one gasoline acci-