The Montgomery advertiser., 1901-09-10
HOW THE UNITED STATES
 HAVE EXPANDED.
CHAPTER TX. How Oregon Entered the Union.

HOW OTeKou GutcIco siAc pAAss
 Oregon was won by peaceful coionizas ton. The American farmers who oareo to undertake the journey across the cp con- tinent and through the Rocky Mountains with their wives and children, tnsir cuMe and utensils, secured Tor us tnl5 mas sa
 nihcent domain. But in especial we owe it to Dr. Marcus Whitman. whose lntul- tion and courage made the coionzauoH
 The territory In question included all the land west of the Rocky Mountains pc, tween 42. degrees of nortn Iautune ,,,in. arv the paIeil,ssls eis sss,n of ana EnEland had claim ed 1t on the basis of discovery ano ,snaI UucI- nation. but the latter was only nomlnal' As we have sesn sI the ih ths Ights Rssoo of Spain
 IThe first attempt at colonization on our rlart was the founding of Astoria in iali. Washington Irving has descriuso tnis a. shown how the far-sighted policy of John Jacob Astors was brought to failure by the war of a1s11 and the apparent dis- noartes nUart of "a century the United states made no further effort to secure oregon. Neither claimant knew the value QI Ine ssgresa sa so Joint which was continued until the settlement or tne Oregon question in 1s46. This agreement seemed destined at first to turn the whole the unwise policy Of the English Govern. ment, it finally secured for us the present Oregon. washingtoh and Idaho. For E9E fo' tho Hudson Bay Company. The latter wished no colonization. They desired that the country should remain a wilderness for the sses sake ef the SeT sete
 ment and drove out competitors; Fur thsrmore. they sent home accounts. which
 were widely published m Englana. aho tho
 land and of the impossibility of emigra-
 ton across the mouptains.
 Result of Misrepfesentations.
 The result of their misrepresentations
 is shown by the speech of ls.s Mr MeDanhs Ha aais in part ' eaven hundred miles this side
 where rein scareeiy eyer falls. barsen sn
 anything any ike an estimate of the cost of a railroad running from here to the mo,,th of the Columbia? Why, the cient. You would have to tunnel through mountains 800 orI 800 miles in extent. Of what use will th:s be for agrf-
 cultural pnrposes wSgia rI n01 TOT tnr 'nse fSe The Hudson Bay Company might have remained undisturbed and this country might have bartered away Oregon but Tor Dr. whitman. He had been sent out in 1885 by the American Board of Missions and hal determined to devote his life to
 inc inc East in 1886 only to be married. And then with his bride, MT. and Mrs. Spald- | ing and MT. Gray,s he went back to ms
 work He took with cis.es % TagSa iU gTeaeSne Tlae | the Columbia and thuss s-smonstrated the | possibility of emigration.
 Few ventured to follow him, and those | who did were hindSre1 or turned back Dy \ the Hudson Bay Company. who know | that immigration must destroy their hap | py hunting grounds. Yet at the close ot
 from inc United States. The fur com | pany was alarmed and realized that theiI | policy of maintaining wilderness was | no longer feasible Consequently they al- | tempted to forestall their opponents p9 | introducing emigrants from Canada.
 America is Too Late"
 1 In October 1S42, Dr. Whitman chanceo | to be present at dinner in one or tne | forts of the Hudson Bay Company Wnel i first company Of English settlers hao | crossed the mountains. The Englishmer
 were wildly enthusiastic and an lndis
 erect priest shouted, Hurran TOT TOT 0res1h S4et th,
 country" Whitman seized the full i'm
 port of the news by intuition and ms de
 cision was instantly made Jumping oi
 his horse, he. galloped home ana Ias an n
 nounced his determination to go to Wan
 inston, lay bare ths sch mes Of the com
 pany. and save the territory ior tn.
 friends pleaded with him. In vain theI
 -repre seated the dangers of trip Tn mia
 winter. He felt that on him depenoeo th
 Within tEenty-four hours he wal
 sR in in the saddle on his way to Wash ington By the route which he was com m i peIled to take, it was journey or 4Vt miles and had to be made mainly or l horseback amid the snows and storms l of winter. After miraculously escaplne l death among the mountains, ne reacnso 1 Washington in just five months, on the 1 3d of March 1S43. All along the ironuei l he had Eent out the message that nee | would be back in June to lead tram ol | emigrant wagons to Ore Gon. .,.. I Whitman succeeded in lmpreSslhE tnt l importance of oregon on both Preslaen! 1 Tyler and Daniel Webster, his Secretary | of State. and in securing their aid in the I plan Of colonization, The Governmemh. m 1 printed and sent broadcast throusnout | inc land. together with a statement that | he would lead a colony of settlers 10 the | Pacific. He had arranged Tor the com,- | many to m ct at Westport. ns ar Ihe slte | of the present Kansas City; mere ln June he found SIS persons with ZuU Mas, ,sis,, 0ns ready to follow him The company " included individuals of all ages anu ot both sexes. But this did not fSpTest1Hus 1uS the whole number of colenists wnoIIi pis h's circulars had aroused. Many went oS other route or followed after nm, ps cause they had not arrived Tn uHis to % with the great company. Nhltninaaan Teached his home again in Octooer' Iota' He he d gone away3with but single com. na nicn: he returned with nearly loO1 tt had been proved that the overland route =. i. = : ..