The Washington times., 1901-09-01

distracting Europe. and to accept the love
| and protection of the people OF ltaiE' IN
| lieu of a sovereignty which could not
| stand without the support of foreign
| arms Plus IN merely answered by say.
| ing that the letter was not worthy OF
| an affectionate son. and that he prayed
| God to bestow upon his Majesty the
| mercy of which he had much need; 10
the bearer of the royal appeal Count
Ponza di San MARITIME, he SAID that ne
might yield to violence, but would never
sanction injustice.
| This was about the time that the Pope
| appealed to a Protestant monarch, Ming
| William of Prussia but Count Bismarck
took the precaution of causing the letter
not to reach his masters hands till the
The dav following the popcs interview
with Count Punzn. the llth of september,
| the Italian troops received the order 10
| enter the Papnl States. General tndorna
| force of five divisions marched on Rome.
| Civita NccChia. which was commanded by
| the Spanish Commandant, Colonel Serra.
| surrendered without firing shot. Ihc
Prtissiau representative. Count Arniin.
! hoped until the last moment to arrange
matters in a pacific sense. The war party
| however so far carried the day that the
| ropc adhered to his plan of sufficient re
sistance to show that he yielded only to
force" At S;3o On the morning ot the
9Nth OF September all attempts at con-
| ciliation having failed. the Italian attack
| was opened upon tive different points-
| After short encounter at Iorta Ia
| they made a breach in the walls. The
| Tope directed his troops to make only
| formal resistance, and, after the cere-
| InouN Of a popular vote, or piebiscite, the
| Roman State was publicly declared TO
have become part OF the Kingdom on
! Italy.
| The most remarkable circumstance I'm
| tho annexation of Rome and its territory
| &, the Kingdom OF Italy was the languid
Indifference with which the transfer WAS
| rFg;,ricd by catholic Chrstendom. To
the pope's application for aid, Austria re
rlied 6y a courteous refusal. and Spain
had accepted a king from the family OF
| the Pope's enemy. the hiEg OF ltaiy. ltaiE
herself was the wronsdoer, against whom
| he invoked assistance and France was
| scarcely at leisure To engage IN a war
with Italy. for an object in which she had
no political interest y change Wnich
would once have conN ulscd the world faii-
ed TO divert attention from the more ab-
sorbing spectacle of the French and Ger
man war.
on the ith of September the hall of
the French legislative body at Versailles
! was invaded by mob headed by the
| national guards on duty at the door. With
the disregard of legal competence. which
belongs to the managers OF French reNo-
buttons, the ring1eaders. in accord with
the extreme section of the legislative
body, proclaimed a RepCblic under a pro-
yisional government, consisting, with the
exception of NJ. Theirs. who refused to
accept office, OF the deputies for Paris
| No resistance was offered. Count Palikao
and his collea CUES took to flight. and the
Empress. threatened by the rabble. plum
dered by her attendants. and deserted py
:.
escape to England by the aid of an Amer
| lean and Englishman.
The year 1870 was indeed making his
tory and the collateral complications,
evils ard dangers arising from the war
caused every nation in Europe TO prepare
for any emergency. Europe was a roar,
ing volcano ready to burst into flame anu
| hurl destruction on all sides.
The influences of this war were also no
ticeabIe in this country and We're discuss
! cd with more or less animation in the
/ uF REPRESENTATIVES. where carr
Schurz and James G. Blaine fought a
wordy duel regarding report that rliied
| cannon and ammunition had been fur
nished to the French in enormous guam
,l tities not only by private American tlrms,
, but by the Mar Department at Washing
| ton. \ committee of investigation was
appointed, and the affair was never heard
OF again.
t Exportations of arms from England tc
France brought forth repeated protest:
. | from the German representative. Count
| Bernst1rff. The suspicion grew in Eng
! | land that Bismarck had some politica
t reason for displaying coldness TO England
This conjecture seemed to be confirmed
when, in the middle of November, th'
: Russian Government issued a circular, re
prdiatirg principal clause in the Paris
G treaty of 1856. England vigorously pro
1 tested and sent TO the headquarters o
King William of Prussia. at Versailles, I,
l ascertain, if possible, whether the Nortf
I German Government had been privy 4
S the offensive menace of Russia The cir
cular had been issued when 1t might have
been thought that the war was practically
> ended by the imminent or actual surren
t der of Metz The publication of the doc
Y tlIineiit While the German armies still laI
outside the walls of Paris, was inoppor
tuns. and unwelcome to England. The i'm
5 mediate risk Of collision was postponed
4 by the general adoption of Count BIS
e InarctS-s proposal for a conference.
4 Surprise followed surprise and one di'
not know what to expect next The Rus
sian circular was followed by the decia
ration of Count Bismarck that Luxem
l. burg had forfeited her neutrality, which
, | was guaranteed by the powers in 1906, bu
his language admitted of an Interpretation
By which it would convey menace. no
C of political interference. but of militar.
e | reprisals IL was rumored that some tim
0 earlier NJ Catacazy Russian Minister a
4 | Washington, had sounded the Secretar!
e of State IN a proposal for pressing tn
e Alabama claims as diversion for the EN-
n The overture was not encouraged by MI
a Fish but President Grant seemed TO b
= in favor of the measure. The Russial
r Government, it was reported, had take
T some trouble to give publicity to the fac
| that General Grant had written pri
a yate letter to the Emperor on the supJec
q | Of a possible junction of the America
It and Russian fleets in war with England
If | Closely following in the steps of Gen
eral Butler who delivered series G
II speeches against England. General Grant
Y | in his me ssage TO Congress, insisted o
N the unconditional payment OF the Alabam
IS claims. on a modification OF the law an
,e | concession to the United States of tn
= navigation OF the st. Lawrence, and o
&c ! The extent of the northwestern frontier.
II While France rushed into war wit
d , Germany in resentment Of the HohenZol
ie lern nomination, Spain, Ike a travele
IN who has carelessly set an avalanche j
It motion, pursued her own course withou
n regard TO the distant ruin. On the l6t
.e ! of November, 1870 in spite of angry OF
II | position by the Republicans, the Corte
le elected the Duke OF Aosta king by tn
N ! votes Of a considerable ma jority of tn
le whole number of members.
h on January Il. 1SIl, the King of Prus
h sia was elevated to the rank of Germa
Emperor Versailles was the scene q
n this historical transaction, which was tn
r more significant because it was performe
l. in The palace of a vanquished enemy
l. anticipation the jealous hostility
Vi France. was effected by the declaratio
2 OF war ard ratified by the common labor
a and successes of q vigorous campaign
ID The Confederation Of the North, whic
4. had from the first been a provisional al
Q. union which included all Germans eutsid
% the Austrian dominion.
A. BY the preliminaries OF peace. whic
or were signed at Versailles Februar
g 26. 1SII. the provinces of Alsacc, with III
n exception of Belfast and its envron
m | and Metz. with the part of German Loi
o raine which lay between the fortress an
II | the former frontier. We're ceded by Franc
no | to Germany. besides indemnity Of fly
& rnilliards of francs, payable in install
g | ments ranging over three years
ad | The result of thirty years of carefl
r ! observation is that Germany, under II
m | new order of things. has made phenom
M nal strides. She has grown strong, powe
gs | full. and wealthy. She has extended h'
he possessions TO all quarters of the slob
80