The Nome nugget., 1901-11-09
How to Prevent Freezing on
 the Irdil
ALCOHOLIC LIQUORS
Should Not Be Used While on the Trail or Before Starting The Kind of Footwear Which Should Be WOrn-SOme Useful Suggestions.

Now that the season of winter mush- ing is approaching, advice to those who have had little or no experience in northern climates is of value. Many men have met their deaths in Northwestern Alaska and the Yukon country simply because of their own heedlesSness and inattentiOn to few common-sense rules of action, which would have saved tkeir lives. There is no better authos@ on how to pre- serve one life # health in cases of extremity thanfthe old-time Yukoner, and the NUGGET today presents an article written by George T. Howard, \ Yukon pioneer. It is full of meat, and the advice contained therein is worthy of remerhhrance. MT. Howard says:
 "Always have an extra pair of dry boots, socks and mitts. If it is a very cold day and there is glacier water under the snow in places which are hard to avoid, place your feet in the water, withdraw them quickly, and let the water freeze on your boots, and then if you accidentally get in it is astonishing how long it will take the water to penetrate.
 Always have the strings at the top of your boots fastened. Carelessness in this regard has been the cause of many men losing their feet. The strings are not only for the purpose of keeping out the snow, but also the water, should you accidentally get in over your boot tops.
 'For insole,, straw is the warmest when it can be obtained. The natives use it exclusively, while the Lapp not only uses 1t in hls boots, but also in his mitts, as well as in the 0dd-looking hat he wears.
 s'The boots should be large; never tight. The feet should he loose in the boots by crossing the strings behind the ankle and tying them In front. In cold weather never cross the strings in in front, as it prevents the feet from being loose, and the result will be cold feet. Always have your boots dry in the morning before putting them on: they should be attended to at night be- fore retiring, and also have the straw thoroughly dry.
 eff you are camping out, under no circumstances retire with damp boots or socks on, but if by accident you have no change remove your damp boot, and socks and put them under your robe or blankets, so they will not freeze, and if your socks are not too wet the heat of your body will dry them. If you do not get your feet wet, and have no change, arrange your bedding as quickly as posaible; remove your boots under the shelter of your robe or blankets and rub your feet until they are dry: then cut strip from your blanket OF robe, wrap it care. ull, around yonr feet and tie it firmly. Under the same circumstances, ii yuL have no bedIing, use strip, from your parka or coat.
 "Under no circumstances travel with wet feet, even though the day may be warm, for sudden changes in the tem- perature are frequent.
 "Never start on a trip with rubber boots on when the SHOW is on the ground. 1 can cite a case that occurred :~ IL ny T'ir.la ('it\ where 8 man lost his life by not taking the advice of those who prophesied the result.
 'The care of the hands is of equal Importance. Never permit the hands to perspire and moisten the ins.de O. the mitts, and when removing then iu cold weather place them under the arms so the warmth may not escapt and always have an extra pair. ~ 1ever drink any alcoholic liquors N .-hile on the trail or before starting While drink may be beneficial d night, during the day hot cup O. coffee or tea, if it can be obtained, vii have the desired effect, without ca,is ing reaction.
 "If the cheeks or nose are frost bitten, rub on snow until the color re turns before entering a warm lou c If the hands or feet are frozen upol entering a cabin, place them immedi Rtely in ice water. A few moments exposure to the warm air of cablh and there will be no hope of savln, them. can cite more than one ca,
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