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The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-06-04
horticulture.
CULT1vAr1NG THE YOUNG ORCHARD.


Correspondence Of h Progressive Farmer.
The cultivation of a young orchard
insures better trees and better grow
ing ones, so that of two orchards
the one that is stimulated in its early
stages will always show a marked
superiority over the neglected me-.
Cultivation of the orchard means
something more than the mere stir
ring of the soil and the turning I'M
der of weeds and plant growth.
There should be some crops planted
in the young orchard regularly, MT
for the purpose of raising crops
therefrom, but for turning under to
increase the fertility of the land.
There is no better crop for the young
orchard than COW peas. These should
be planted freely, and turned under
the following spring In planting
and oultivating it should be remem
bered that early cultivation is the
best. Cultivation later than the first
of July is dangerous. Up to this
time any crop can be cultivated
among the young trees, but after
that the soil should be left alone.
By properly planting o and
turning them under when the orchard
is very young we store up fertility
for future use that will pay. The
young trees may not be able to alb
sorb and use up all the fertility
stored there by an annual crop of
cow peas or clover but in time the
roots of the trees will spread and
find this stored-up energy. Thus
some orchards get a splendid start
in this way, and continue to develop
through long years of after neglect.
1t is because the soil was made so
rich by early cultivation that it
takes years to use it all up. If a
very little cultivation is given to
such an old orchard the life of the
trees will be greatly prolonged.
AS a rule we do not pay sufficient
attention to the cultivation of our
orchards, contenting ourselves in
many instances in merely adding a
little fertilizer or grass around the
tree. 1t is only by e~nriching all the
land between the rows of trees that
we assure to ourselves successful
trees and crops. When we do this
systematically and continuously we
cannot fail to be gratiied with the
results. The trees will be stronger
and healthier, the fruit larger and
finer and the annual harvest heavier
throughout. JAMES s SMITH.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-06-04
KEEP FLIES FROM THE MILK.

One of the troubles of the dairy
farm, and in fact at the creameries
and the factories, says Mr.. W. 81.
Potts, is the ever present nuisance,
the fly, and this is more accumulated
during the summer months. Flies
will get into the milk buckets and
milk cans if special precautions be
not adopted to exclude them. At
the creameries and factories the re
ceiving vat stands open and affords
ample opportunities for flies to per
petrate suicide. With our advanced
knowledge of dairy and other bac
teriology we T now we'll aware
that this element forms a distinct
n to the purity Of our dairy
products. DR.. Schultz, the eminent
bacteriologist of Berlin, has submit
ted thousands of flies to microscopic
examination, and his results and
conclusions are simply surprising.
The fy's foot Is shaped like the
HlOuGu VI d u I'LL DOG. AHO O44CAAdA
portion secures a grip on a dattened
surface. The vacuum being com
plete, seeing the trumpet-shapedfOOt
is hollow, a firm hold is thus secured,
and a fly can walk up a perpendiCu
lar pane of grass as readily as it can
travel over ne lying horizontal. In
the hollow portion of the trumpet
shaped foot is a space which forms a
receptacle for bacterial life. The
doctor found microbes in the feet OF
about 3Oper cent. of flies caughtin the
country, and in the city about 40 per
cent. In the hollow of one foot alone
he discovered over 100 microbes. 1t
is known to all how flies will walk
over and revel in filth, dirt, dead
flesh and other vile matter. The
foot retains the Objectionable germ
life which Is b cause of putreIaC.
ton. On getting into the milk they
convey TO Or inOculate it with an
hostile element which tends to affect
flavor and aroma detrimentaIly. We
should re lousy guard against this
evil, and freely recognize the i'm
portance of keeping the flies out Of
the milk or cream
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-06-04
HOGS FOR h SOUTH.

For the small farmer who wants
a hog that will give him a ham at 10
months old, I would take the
Berkshire. He will make a large
part of his own living and will come
to the table not excessively fat, but
giving the finest table meat in the
world. If, on the other hand, you
wish to send him to the SHAMELESS
and get the largest quantity of meat,
1 would mention the Poland China.
The Red Jersey is not to be ignored ;
they are splendid breeders and rust
lers. The Chester White, under
certain circumstances, is a good hog.
The Tamworth is coming into pop
ular favor in Canada. Study your
environments and select the hog to
suit.-Director w. G. Stubs, La,
Experiment Station.
I had four acres of land that I broke
with a twO-horse steel pillow and fol
lowed with ~subsoiler, and where it
was broke deep I made so bushels
corn per acre, same land cultivated
old way made 20 bushels per acre as
it was dry.-A. S. Hilman, Doyline,
Louisiana.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-06-04
CANNING FRUIT.

Pick the very best fruit and be
sure there is no sour sour or decayed
fruit among it. Do not put in one
vessel more than enough to fill one
half gallon can. l use two vessels,
so that while | I'LL can fruit for
another is becoming hot. l prefer
bright new tin cans. While my
fruit is cooking L prepare my cans
by washing them in hot water in
which l put Il teaspoOptUl OF more of
soda to sweeten them. Dry them
and set them about the stove to keep
them hot. Wash the tops and set
them also about the stove. When
your fruit has boiled begin to fill the
cans. When filed put ON the top
and with the handle of a case knife
press edge Of the top down on rub
Der. Turn she can bJttom upwards,
and if nothing runs ont You are ready
for tie next canning, and the fruit
will be not enough by this time. [
can tomatoes u little different from
other fruit. 1 first put water in
pans, having them over half rull,
and when it boils haru l drop in my
tomatUes-n,ver m"re than enough
to fill II quart jar-cover them and
let them boil until every tomato be-
comes hot GEAR through Then dip
the tomatoes out, with as little water
as possible. and can as other fruit. l
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-06-04

use glass jars altogether and lose no
fruit. When I empty a fruit jar 1
wash it, and put it away without the
top, because you can get out a little
dust more easily than you can the
odor and impurities of a closed jar.
The secret lies in having fresh,
sound fruit and clean, sweet cans
Mrs. J. D. Jackson, Franklin, KY.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-06-04
VALUABLE A R BOOKS.

Principles of Agriculture. By Prof.
L. H. Bailey, of Cornell University.
Handsomely illustrated. 800 pages.
Price, $1.25.
We really do not believe that the
average North Carolina farmer can
anywhere invest 1925 to better ad-
vantage than by sending that
amount to us for a copy of Prof. L.
H. Bailey's principles of Agricul-
ture." This is a work which tells
the why's and wherefores"-the
principles-of the business" of
farming. 1t is written by a man of
great ability who knows his subject
by long years of actual experience
and scientific study. The farmer
who secures a copy of this work
and studies it during his spare
moments this summer will not only
find much pleasure thereby, but will
find greater interest in his work, a
broader view of his profession and
the probability of making many
more dollars as a result of his study.
There are many books upon the
market, but not for many years, we
firmly believe, has one been issued
which the average reader of this
paper. so badly needs. The work is
handsomely bound, we'll illustrated,
clearly printed and contains 300
pages. Send us ST. 5 and geta copy.
We guarantee satisfaction.
A SPECIAL PRICE.
We have now decided to send a
copy of this valuable work and a
years subscription to The Progress
i've Farmer to any address for only
81. This offer is made at a sacrifice
in the hope of placing the work in
the hands of more of the thousands
who need it.
Fertilizers. By Edward w. VOOr-
hees, Professor of Agriculture in
Rutgers College and Director OF
the New Jersey Experiment Sta
ton 335 pages. Price. 81.
Thousands of dollars are wasted
every year on fertilizers unsuIted to
the land to which it is applied, which
money might be saved to the farm
ers by reading this book.
We will also send a copy Of Fer
tilizers," with The Progressive Far
mer one year for $1.85. Or on the
two books we make this
SPECIAL OFFER
We will send
The Progressive Farmer 1 year $1.OO
Bailey's principles of Agricul-
ture" 1.25
Voorhees, ''Fertilizers".. 100
1926
All for $3.50.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-06-04

In raising beef cattle, there is a
great future for the South. We
have climate, native grasses, water
and every other facility. Good beef
cattle sell for double the price of our
common stock. They mature quicker,
fatten quicker and you get quicker
returns. l am grading my stock
with Red Poll, which is one of the
best dual. purpose breeds. You can
get an honest profit from an acre of
land by raising beef cattle for mar
ket.-t. 1. Constant, East Carroll
Parish. La.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-06-04
THE PROFESSION OF FORESTRY,

"a comparatively new profession
America, and ore that offers sub
stantial inducements to young men
of special aptitudes, is that of for
estry. The fact that the Federal
Government is increasing the area
of its forest preserves largely every
year and that many State govern
ments r following this laudable
example suggests the ever widening
field already open to students and
specialists in the science of forestry.
It is now generally recognized that
every large forest excavation or
preserve needs for its proper care
and super vision q corps Of men
trained for this special purpose.
These valuable public holdings can
not be left, as they have been too
often, in charge of almost any one
who may be out of a JOB.
1.-The service calls for picked men
who care enough for forestry to
make it their life-work. Germany.
France and other European countries
have had their schools of forestry
for year., and their graduates are
found IN charge of forest lands in
every part of the Old World. A
praise worthy beginning in this line
of education has been made this year
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-06-04
Grow Grasses and Raise Cattle
<~

Examine agricultural statistics and see the
nigh rank North Carolina takes in yieId per
acre of grasses and forage crops. Com
pare her advantages for stOck-raising with
those Of other States. Profit by these facts,
Grow grasses; raise stock. And whether VOC
have few animals or many, you cannot afford
not to read
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-06-04
Evev Years Use

adds to the popularity of Page Fences
sales surpass all previous records. ,D NICE.
PAGE WOVEN WIRE FENCE CO., ADkLAN' ~"
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-06-04
Farm Miscellany.
L BABY E E

We are now approaching, are in
fact already in, the weed killing sea-
son. Much of our success in keeping
fields free from these pests of the
farmer will depend on the way in
which we do it. We have been for
years urging farmers who wish the
best results with young stock to feed
the babies because with increased
vitality and the necessarily much
less food for support he can get
greater gains. With the same ear
nestness we urge them to kill the
baby weeds and by "'baby weeds
we mean weeds that are merely
sprOuted and have made but little
growth. 1t is the weed seed with
the long white sprout on it that has
not ever yet appeared that is the
easy one to kill. It has not rooted
but is living solely on the stored
plant food in the seed and a very
slight disturbance on a hot day does
the business with it and forever.
With the Success weeder or with
any other weeder or even a light har.
row or surface cultivator, so far as
weeds are concerned, success de-
ponds mainly on attacking the weeds
in their infancy. If you allow the
weeds to get their leaves to the air,
establish a root system and form d
sod then you will have to go after
them in the old-fashioned way, re-
quiring several times the labor and
with results less satisfactory.
We never forgot the lesson taught
US in our bOyhood on the farm not
to s the harrow on a cloudy day /;
to commence as early as we liked in
the morning but to quit half an hour
before sun down. The theory was
that when these weeds were small,
scarcely in the baby stage, a slight
disturbance of the soil followed by
the hot sun killed them, while if the
OuJ was O4OONJ dhu COIu duu no sun
or if they were disturbed late in the
evening the work would have to be
done owe again in the morning or
the next day. This of course does
not apply to weeds that have be-.
come rooted. If the farmer will
permit the weeds to get the start of
him and establish themselves he
must not complain if it takes addi-
tional labor and sweat, and if in the
end that work is not complete. All
this emphasizes the necessity of pre-.
pairing the corn ground as thor
oughly as possible to start with.
Take time by the forelock, kill the
baby weeds, and form the mulch
of dry dust which is essential to the
conservation of Observation-Disclosures
Farmer.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-06-04

Principles of Agriculture. By Prof.
l.. h. Bailey, of Cornell University.
Handsomely illustrated. 800 pages.
Price 81. 25.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-06-04
Grasses and Forage Plants Of Tie S'gA.
RT J. 3. KILLERREW,
OF the University Of Tennessee.

It is a complete manual of the chi
ture Of grasses and forage plants OF
the South. It contains about lao
pages, and is written in Il style to be
understood by everyone.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-04-21
HORSE REVIEWS COMMENT.
What 1t Has to Say About the $4,000
Guaranteed Purse.

Commenting on the fact that the Horse
Review $1,000 guaranteed subscription
purse, Nc. T. for foals of 1898. to trot and
pace as -year-olds in 1901, has been
awarded to the Indiana State fair. the
Horse Review, a magazine published in
Chicago, has some interesting remarks 70
offer in it's last issue 1t says editorially;
1--WE make this announcement with great
satisfaction and pleasure and, in the con-
nection, feel impellel to say that no selec-
ton could we believe have been more
mutually agreeable to all parties interested
in the event. The place is particularly
suitable Indianapolis is one Of the most
fiourishing cities in the middle West, with
such a position as a great railway center
as TO make her, as point OF access, I'M
excelled; the Indiana State Fair Associa-
ton is rich, enterprising and widely
known, and it's annual fair is one of the
largest and most successful in the whole
country; its track is one Of the fastest In
the world, where many records have been
broken and has been a popular favorite
with harness horsemen ever since its cree
ton.
THE dates could not be bettered. The
Indianapolis meeting is one of the strong
est in the chain OF the great western cir
cult, following .lat at Milwaukee, preced-
ing that at Evansville and marking the
general Southern movements first advance
toward the years closing backgrounds at
Terre -laute, Lexington and Memphis. Ii
comes at the nick of time for the grand
circuit campaigners, also vending their
way South and West after the last East
ern meeting at Syracuse, the week just
previous. 1t also comes at a time when
Youngsters are at their best and have had
an opportunity to be drawn gradually and
fully 10 fine edge as well as legged up
for as long a contest as need be-.
The Review purse is divided into two
sections. one of $500 for trOtters and one
of 81 900 for PAGERS. Entries are made by
nominations and there have been 543 NOM
nations received The event promises 10
be one of the most brilliant in racing an
nails and 10 attract great interest among
horsemen in all parts Of the country.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-04-21
THE BANKRUPTCY COURT.
Creditors of q kentIand Merchant File
Petition-Othcr Cases.

Creditors of George w. Fowler. a mer-
chant of Kentland, Newton county, filed
petition in the United States Court yes
terday asking that Fowler be declared a
bankrupt. The creditors mentioned in the
petition are the Daniel Stewart Company
and Kipp Bros, of Indianapolis, the Carter
White Lead Company. S. A Maxwell & Co.
and the National Wall Paper Company, OF
Chicago. These petitioners aver that
Fowler. while insolvent. on March Is, 1901,
TO George ID. Rider, who is threatening TO
take possession of the same. He has
brought suit in the Newton Circuit Court,
it is alleged, TO foreclose the mortgage on
this merchandise and the petitioners ask
that he be restrained from proceeding with
the suit, and that Fowler be declared a
bankrupt by the court.
Creditors of the Eureka Pottery Com
pany. of this city, have filed a petition in
the Federal Court, requesting that the
Eureka Company be declared a bankrupt.
These creditors are Henry d Pritchard OF
Gosport, Thomas l.. Dow of Indianapolis,
and w Allison Scott 1t is averred that
more Indebtedness, and that on JAN last
certain goods and real estate were turned
over to certain preferred creditors in pay
ment for debt. The petitioners ask that
these preferred creditors be restrained
from disposing of the property turned over
TO them.
A voluntary petition In bankruptcy was
filed yesterday by Jules Genin. of Muncie.
His liabilities are given at Sl,596.S5, and his
assets at s2c5
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-04-21
THE CHINESE DENTIST.
The Practitioner After the Fashion of
His Ancestors.
New York Evening Post.

New York Evening Post.
American industry is playing havoc with
all time honored institutions. AT one time
the dentists formed an important guild in
China, but in the past thirty years hun
dreds of bright young Mongolians have
picked up more or less knowledge of the
profession from American practitioners
abroad. and are now doing business ac-
cording to modern scientific methods. In
San Francisco the new school has almost
driven the old one 10 the wall. Neverthe
less three or four of the latter pursue the
calling in the same manner as their an
cestors did for a thousand years. At least
one of them visits New York every year.
and stays two three months until all of
his customers have had their teeth put lin
order"
His work is curiousy primitive. For ex-
tracing he relies upon his fingers, and with
these he does marvels. With thumb and
forefnger he will pull a bicuspid or a molar
powerful forceps This dexterity is the re-
suit of years of practice. From boyhood 10
manhood he is trained to pull pegs driven
into wooden board. Three and four times
a day. a half hour at a time. he drives pegs
into the holes OF his practice board. and
then pulls them out again. He lifts in
similar fashion teeth to which are attached
heavy weights. This special training
changes the aspect of the hand. The spare
flesh vanishes, and the blood vessels and
tendons seem to double in size. The fore
as wood The apprenticeship period lasts
two years. At the end. the student has a
| finger grip which is a wonder Its strength
is equivalent TO a lifting power OF three
and even four hundred pounds. Besides ex-
| tracing he cleans teeth with a preparation
containing ground cuttlefish. using brushes
made of split bamboo. For toothache he
| EMPLOYS opium. peppermint oil. cinnamon
| OF and Glove oil. Sometimes, though rarely
| he els teeth but does II so ignorantly that
| the filling comes out within a few months
Through all his practice runs a laughable
element Of superstition. According to his
| system all toothache and other dental woes
| are produced by tooth worms. The nerve
| puln is such a worm. and is always shown
| to patient whenever the decay Is great
/ enough to permit of its exhibition To
| satisfy others. he carries about in a pocket
some white grubs about as large as an ant
| When he extracts a painful tooth he uses
| n little legerdemain. and shows the sufferer
| one of the white grubs as the cause of all
| his main. For neuralgia toothache he en-
| plovs counter irritation and sedatives rub
| bling the gums. cheeks and neck just below
| the condyle with mixture of laudanurn
| and peppermint oil. and pinching the skin
| until the blood is almost forced through
| the pores He Is not highly regarded by
| his countrymen. his social position being
/ half way between those OF barber and a
| lahorer In New York no gets y cents for
removing "a tooth. and for other services
payments In proportion.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-04-21

can daring he proceeded single-handed to
protect the bodies of his dead and wounded
comrades from mutilation by the dastardly
insurgents. Hastily snatching up the guns
belonging to the disabled soldiers on the
ground he discharged them as fast as he
could pull trigger, remaining in a standing
position and being subjected to an intense
cross fire from each side of the road. One
of the men lying on the ground proved
TO have nothing worse than a wound in
the stomach. which did not prevent him
from getting himself into position and join
ing his fire to that of Robinson. They used
up all OF their own ammunition and then
Robinson took belts of ammunition from
the bodies of his dead comrades. keeping
part for himself and tossing others 10 the
wounded man who was assisting him TO
keep off the insurgents.
AS soon as the ponies heard the nrst
shots they stampeded into the jungle, fol-
lowed closely by Lieutenant Anders and
his men. The animals were scattered so
far apart and went at such a rapid gait
that the insurgents soon found the United
States mail brought into their very midst.
They, OF course, seized the ponies and
began to cut the mail sacks from their
backs. and were in the act OF rifiing the
pouches when small attachments OF An
der's men came upon them, made a fierce
charge and took away the valuable pack
ages of mail. Within the next fifteen or
twenty minutes the soldiers were kept well
occupied, being mixed up with insurgents
on all sides.
WENT TO ROBISON'S RELIEF.
T
collect his men and make his way towards
the road down which he charged TO the
relief of Robson. Strange 10 relate. Rob-
ison had not been touched by a single bull
let. but had himself fired something like
225 rounds while he stood there and kept
the insurgents from the bodies of his dead
and wounded comrades Anders divided
his little force in two parts, sent them on
each side of the road, and in a short time
had the Filipinos retreating ahead of him.
The wounded American soldiers were
placed on the ponies and the party took
up the march. They had scarcely pro-
ceeded a mile when Robson, who was
now in charge of the advance guard, over
heard the insurgents talking in low tones
on each side of the road in the dense
jungle. He had barely time to give a
warning cry to those in the They all
fell fiat on their faces, and another heavy
voley from either side of the road plowed
up the dirt all about them. second
charge was made, and again the enemy
were dispersed A mile still further ahead
the insurgents had destroyed a bridge and
formed an ambuscade either side, but
Lieutenant Anders was thoroughly alive TO
the situation and was prepared for danger
at this point. He made such judicious dis
position Of his small force that he soon
had the band of natives routed from their
position Of cover.
From reports we received afterwards
from natives, said Lieutenant Tarlton,
I'VE learned that eighteen Filipinos had
been killed and a great number wounded
by Lieutenant Anders and his men. Our
casualties were three killed and six
wounded. We have recommended Robson
for medal of honor"