davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-03-14

work. Every piece of the steel work has
been made from special drawings.
The building will be constructed mainly
of brick 1t is to be heated by steam,
wired for electric light and power and for
interior telephone and alarm systems Spe-
cial attention has been paid in the making
of plans to provide for safe and speedy
exit. There will be vault for the storage
OF stereotype plates under the G and North
Capitol street sidewalks, and the basement
of the main building Is to extend under
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-03-14

mated that they will sustain a load Of
5000, 800 pounds.
The most liberal use will be made of cleo
tricity to ventilate, cool and light the
building. as well as to supply all the pow
er. Electric fans will be used to promote
ventilation and there will be 1000 mean
descent electric lights There will be
twelve electric elevators
The heating of the building will be by
steam, for which purpose $50, 900 pounds of
steam pipes will be required. The steam
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-03-14

H"'' DFHH"H TUT TuTU.
Beet pulp continues the report. "is a
very valuable by-product in European beet
sugar manufacture. and finds a ready mar
ket. At most of the American factories
the demand for pulp is small, this by
product being frequently given to the
farmers in consideration of Its removal
The value OF the pulp sold was 81 SD
No figures could be obtained showing the
quantity of pulp produced Based on the
usual yield OF pressed pulp, the total
product amounted to approximately 100 900
tons Small Quantities of. lime and lime
cake or filter press-cai<e Were sold the lat
ter FOR use as fertilizer. The value of the
q lime sold was SSs2, and of the iime-cake or
fertilizer, S2,110."
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-03-14

ST Flannelette Wrappers
floor
1t isn't complete lot-so the purchase price
was low enough to permit this extraordinary sell
ing price. They mostly dark coors, but cut
full length and width with fitted and lined waist
and trimmed with braid.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-03-14

Different Point of View.
From Harper's Bazaar.
Willie (crying) "Mamma-boo- bool-Joe
hit me with great big brick. Boo-hoor'
Mamma-"And what did you do to him
dear?"
Willie-"I hit him gently with that same
little brick he threw at me-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-03-14

radiators will be placed in recesses under
windows; fresh air will enter under the
window SILL while foul air will be exhaust
ed by large ctac,-s running up the middle
OF TIE roern.
Filtered drinking water will be furnished
throughout the building from tanks con-
nected with an ice plant There will also
be crematory TO destroy all refuse
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-03-14
Not So Rad After All.

From Pick-Me-Up.
Magistrate-"1ts perfectly disgraceful
You were so drunk that it took four police
men to take you to the station
Prisoner-"Only four? Why. l saw eight
OF en-"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-03-14

Three different walters at hotel asked
a prinl, precise little man at dinner If he
would have soup. a, little annoyed, he
said to the last waiter who asked the ques-
ton: rs it compulsory ~ NO SIR" said
the waiter; II think it mock turtle. Tit
Bits.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1901-08-31

II any one will take notice he will
observe that reforms and reformers
are gradually becoming more respect
able. ~3a.sss $50.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1901-08-31
UNIONS AND INDIVIDUALITY.
SAMUEL GOn1PERS.

states as an exporter. In accounting
for American success in foreign trade
every competent student pays high
tribute to labor: Yet the plutocratic
press would have the world believe that
the most skilled and progressive Amer
lean workmen, those organized in un-
ions, have sacrificed their dignity and
individuality and levelled themselves
down to the least capable.
Never was labor better organized
and more alive to its interests then not
and never was Americas foreign trade
so 'stupendous as now. If unions are
fundamentally injurious, where are the
evidences, the manifestations of the
harm done by them? Has real capital
suffered? Has production failed to
keep pace with population or growing
demands at home or abroad?
The senseless campaign against labor
organizations, whether conducted by
Journalistic hirelings or bigoted and
narrow minded employers, like those
represented by the members of the
Metal Manufacturers Association, who
have repudiated a plain agreement and
declared war on the principle Of union
ism, is foredoomed to failure.
A particular strike may be fruitless
Of direct results. but federated labor
grows more powerful every day and its
weapons are more and more dreaded.
Labor will fight for full and unquali-
ned recognition of all its rights, and
It will win in the future as it has won
In the past. It does not need to. and
will not, go beyond the limits of legal
and strictly Industrial warfare. .&<&
The more complex industry becomes,
the keener International competition is,
the mightier the peaceful strike.
Peace is becoming imperative and e.
sential to capital. and it can be had
only on the basis Of Justice and reason
able treatment Of labor. And Of all
methods Of attack, the recourse to So
phistry, lying ana venomous libel is the
least promising. Plutocracy may as
well call Oft it, dogs. nth: IA @e95s.sg:s.ss
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1901-08-31
STONE, ORDEAN-WEELS co:
Extensive Manufa cturers as Well M
Jobbers and Importers.

Extensive Manufac turers as Well rs
Jobbers and Importers.
The great grocery house Of Duluth
whose growth is an important part of
the commercial development Of the
city is the Stone. ,Ordean-Wells Co.
This house is extensive manufacturers,
as we'll as jobbers and importers, the
firm having within the past year made
a heavy investment in this branch Of
the trade. They roast, grind their
teas. make their own extracts and
phosphates, bottle pickles, table sauces
and salad dressings; put up preserves,
can vegetables, refine syrups, make jel-
lies, cure citrons. lemon and orange
peels, bake crackers. cure and pack
fish, etc.
This house was established many
years ago and is one Of the oldest and
largest in the northwest.
In all these years there has never
been so great a volume of business
better trade conditions or more en-
couraging outlook that the first eight
months Of 1901 has given.
This expansion has doubtless been
due largely to the constantly increas-
ing distributing territory in the north
and northwest.
Taking into consideration the in
telligence and alertness shown by the
Stone rdean-Wells company in occu-
pring the territory tributary to this
'""txet as. fast as 1t has been opened
up. the gratifying increase in the VOL
ume of business can be easily accounted
for.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1901-08-31
LABOR AND ARBITRATION.
JOHN f. TOBEN.

fair arbitration will be removed.
Unfair arbitration would still be pos
sible, however, if improper methods
Of choosing arbitrators were used. The
argument against compulsory arbitra-
ton Is overwhelming. It would be
manifestly unsafe to place the power
of settling labor disputes and the pres
tige of arbitration in the hands of poll
ticians. AS any employer or body Of
work people is free to start a dispute,
1t can readily be seen that If the COM
pulsory arbitrators were credited with
a bias on either side, advantage would
be taken to bring up grievances by
wholesale. Compulsory arbitration
would be altogether too arbitrary.
The second form Of arbitration, VOL
untary arbitration is altogether too
voluntary. 1t is a good thing as far
as 1t goes, but the parties are no. sur
ficiently bound to keep the peace, and
should a temporary condition Of the
labor market give one or the other the
opportunity, advantage might be taken
by either to inflict ruin on the other.
1t Is much better than nothing. It Is
excellent as far as it goes. It avoids
numerous labor contests, but it does
not avoid enough of them.
The third form of arbitration, con-
tract arbitration or voluntary-compul-
sorry arbitration. is a combination OF
the advantage of both the others with
the elimination OF their disadvantages.
Under this plan a contract is signed
by both parties to arbitrate all differ
ences for a certain definite specified
term and before arbitrators chosen in a
specified manner. The penalty for
breach of this contract is loss of credit
Of faithfulness to agreements This
credit is of great value to either party,
but in some cases the binding force Of
the contract might be strengthened
by a forfeit of money in case of breach.
If the arbitrators are considered I'M
fair there is an opportunity to change
them. Both sides must agree on the
arbitrator in every instance. These
two conditions are promoters of wise
selection and consequent just and in
the contract establishes peace. The two
things to be desired are therefore Sc
cured under this plan-justice and
peace. Under purely voluntary arbi-
tration justice is not always secured
| and peace often endangered. Under
compulsory arbitration justice is not
secured and therefore arbitration meets
with total defeat through becoming un-
| popular.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1901-08-31
LABOR AND ORGANIZATION.
DAYTON, O., REPORTER.

organizations, which, If the laws of the
organization were better understood by
the discontinued members, not a whim-
per would be heard, as generally there
being such diversity of opinion ex-
pressed by large bodies when laws are
being framed, it is safe to assume that
any law that receives the Endorsement
of the majority is the best law for
the greatest number, and in this spirit
all laws passed should receive the sane
ton of every man or woman who voted
for it.. Organization enables the indi-
vidual member to combat impositions
on his rights, where singly he were but
a drop in the ocean, poWerless in every
way to help himself, he being at the
mercy Of those who Cypress him. It
may not be the choice, but through
the evil effects Of the competitive sys-
tenn. Anyhow, whichever mode puts
him at disadvantage; it Is all the
same to him. When he joins forces
with his fellows in organization he i'm
mediately secures position of equity
with his oppressors which commands
their attention if not their respect
Just in the same manner as the stand
ard army of Germany commands the
peace of Europe by it's silent power
so in labor organizations it is the 81
lent power, the unknown power that is
behind them that causes attention and
respect to be given to it's members; as
mans nature don't change when he
joins an organization-he only changes
weapons, and they are peaceful instru-
INSTRUMENTATION and education, in
stead Of impotency. Man when he joins
a labor organization, becomes stron,
in proportion to his graft, wax
labor organization being constaa: in
vitatiOn to the masters to reduce the
wages Of their men, while the s:-ccg
organization invites anxiety on the
masters part to have an agreement
and contract with his men, which Of
itself speaks volumes for the business
methods the trade union movement
has inaugurated and injected into So
ciety at large. This principle does
now, and will in the future receive
more Endorsements from the very men
who, a few years ago, refused to rec
ognize the union.
Organization never intended to in
jure any man, but, on the contrary,
is DESTROYS of promoting better feeling
among all classes, and when a conflict
cannot be avoided, it is simply to vim
dictate themselves and their principles
that they resist all unfair: proposals and
conditions.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1901-08-31
LABOR AND THE LABEL.
BENJAMIN WOOD.

The labor question at present Occu-
pies q very different position from that
which it occupied generations ago when
the question consisted solely of the
propositions: How can wages be raised
or the working hours per day reduced?
It now touches fundamentally upon
the toiler's interest in society,", how
he shall receive wages enough to ena-
BILE him to become political, a social,
and a moral factor in the community.
It is now a question Of sociology, OF
how can society develop in the very
best way so that all men shall receive
something Of these things in this life
which make for culture and education.
The very lifeblood in our veins is the
heritage Of those characters who thous-
ands Of years ago longed for a BETTER
condition, for a better land. This un-
rest, this discomfort that impels' men
always and ever to seek better con-
ditions, is natural and legitimate. We
should not crush that divine spirit of
unrest which makes the world as it is
and gives us whatever civilization ex-
lists. We should rather contribute to
the sum OF knowledge that which will
mold the mind and sharpen 1t into some
effective force which shall further bet
ter human conditions.
Place yourself upon record as an adj
vocate for well-paid, Independent labor;
for justice and equity. Demand that
every man who tolls and produces be
compensated in exact proportion to the
value Of his labor and for the benefit
he bestows upon others by his skill and
efforts.
Uphold Trades Unions, for they aim
primarily to ameliorate the conditions
Of the employee; they purpose to make
known and understood the needs and
shortcomings of all organized crafts
men, and to put forth intelligent and
continual effort to improve their stand
ing and efficiency.
The Union Label is the efficient force
for good in the struggle for labor's
amelioration and the workingman' s
emancipation. It is the emblem of we'll
paid, independent Labor: the badge Of
Honesty; the symbol Of Fair Dealings:
the token Of True Brotherhood, and
the open and avowed enemy Of the
Sweatshop. 1t stands for wholesome
and sanitary conditions as opposed to
prison and child labor. This emblem
is to the workingman's cause what the
Stars and Stripes are to our country.
It stands for a new Declaration Of In
dependence: Wherever it waves and to
whomsoever 1t dips in salutation 1t
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1901-08-31

If unions are incompatible with In
dividual dignity and individual free
dom, why do we hear no cutlery against
unions Of capitalists and business men,
or Of unions Of professional men?
There is no objection to copartnerships,
to corporations, to trusts, to the vari-
Gus associations of manufacturers, far
mers, merchants, lawyers, physicians
and teachers.
We meet with no denunclations Of
political parties, which are nothing but
unions for the securing Of certain COM
mon ends through legislation, and the
control OF the government. Every So
ciety, every club, has its rules. bylaws
and restrictions" upon individual &C.
ton; but not even Bedlam contends
that, because of these Restrictions"
the "manly" and free" individual can
not join any one Of the existing or
'ganizations without surrendering his
independence and dignity This thread
bare, silly and ridiculous argument Is,
in fact, never employed except in op-
position to the effort at united action
by those who need it most, who are
almos. helpless without 1t and whose
gradual improvement absolutely de-
ponds upon it; that is, the wage-work-
ere.
The Charge ttat labor unions kandi-
cap ability, discourage iniative and
put a premium upon mediocrity and
incapacity is gross and wanton false
hood. No man has everVbeen prevented
by unionism from exercising his fac
ulties to the Utmost and RISING tc any
position in the social economic hierar-
chy. The unions prescribe a minimum,
not a maximum, of wages; they insist
on a living rate. but where and when
have they prohibited an employer from
rewarding superior skill and merit?
If the DEVILS advocates had the slight
est regard for fact, the developments
OF the past few years would seal their
lips and put an end to the baseless as
saults upon unionism. merican labor,
it has been demonstrated, is the cheap
est in the world, in spite Of the high
er wages prevailing here-the cheapest
because the most efficient. intelligent.
alert, conscientious and productive.
American manufacturers have conquer
ed the markets of the world and have
defeated their competitors on the lat
ter's own ground. American supreme
CIV as an exporter Of manufactured
goods is certain and inevitable. Al
ready all Europe 10 alarmed and earn.
estly considering the ways and means
Of checking the advance.o the United
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1901-08-31

There are two kinds of compulsory
arbitration, or rather there are three
forms of arbitation, viz: Compulsory
arbitration-arbitrati compelled by
the state; voluntary arbitration-arbi-
tration freely arranged by contending
parties: and contract arbitration-ar-
bitration compelled by previous volun-
tary contract or arbitrate whenever a
dispute arises.
That arbitration is a good thing, pro-
viding the arbritrators are fair, few will
deny. 1t is civilized way of settling
labor disputes. 1t prevents waste, ruin
suffering, ill feeling and other evils.
By all means, therefore, we should
have arbitration. But unfair arbitra-
ton would defeat the cause of arbitra-
ton. It would engender prejudice
that 1t would be difficult to overcome
and the prospect Of the advent Of peace
full methods of settling labor disputes
would recede. Much harm to the cause
of arbitration has already been done
by unintelligent arbitration. Arbitra-
tors have frequently adopted a concil-
iatory policy instead of aiming at ex-
act justice, with the result of fault
finding from both sides. Instead of
getting clear understanding of the
merits Of the dispute and deciding ac-
cordingly, giving good grounds for their
decision, they have merely divided the
difference between the terms asked
for by the disputing parties. This is
likely to have tendency to cause ex-
travagant demands on both sides from
the expectation that with such arbitra-
ton the more asked for the more is
gotten. A disgust for arbitration soon
follows the use of these methods and
the settled opinion that "arbitra ton is
a farce"
But every new plan must have un-
satisfactory execution at the start Ar
bitrators are learning to do their work
better. And the fault Of unintelligent
arbitration is not entirely due to them,
but also to the fault-f1nding parties
themselves in not presenting sufficient
evidence for their cases. In most cases
at present the arbitrator have to
search out the greater part of the evil
dence for themselves. AS the system
becomes perfected, the contending par
ties will see that they are provided with
all possible evidence and the men best
fit to present it. In this way intelH-
gent just decisions will be arrived at
and any reasonable objection against
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1901-08-31

Organization is the system of accom-
plishing great things by combining the
brains and muscles of men to gain
some objects which would be impossi-
BILE to the Individual. Organization, to
be successful must necessarily be me-
thodcal and systematical in all it's at
fairs, hence it il that every organiza-
ton Of labor throughout the world
adopts rules and regulations for the
guidance Of it's members, and as
general proposition every member takes
a solemn obligation to uphold and de-
fend the principles and doctrines of the
crafts to which he belongs voluntarily,
consequently better work is expected
one man would be working in opposi-
ton to his fellows. The desideratum
necessary is unity, for without a one
ness all the system is weakened, and
instead of being free disinterestedly for
the aims and objects of the whole,
the true members must necessarily
double their exertions in order to mend
the break to keep the structure intact.
The work to be done is of such a char
acter that it requires the greatest care
to avoid shoals and chasms of discon-
tent of generals, so each craft provides
the ways and means of how and on
whom the responsibility must rest for
the carrying out of the desires as ex-
pressed by the majority. It is the fun.
damental. principle Of the highest law
known that he that would not amend
would destroy; hence it Is necessary
that once the majority has spoken the
minority should display willingness,
if passive only, to acquiesce, as history
tells us that the majority will defend
their principles as previously expressed,
even to the discontinue Of the minori-
ty.
This principle above all others should
appeal to the intelligence Of the general
run of men more strongly and logic
ally than any other feature In the gen.
eral laws Of any organization, whether
it be labor, political or social. It IS
acknowledged by all that it is dang
erous precedent to ignore the will Of the
majority, while it is also true majorl-
ties are not always right. Neverthe-
less, the majorities can and should be
trusted before attempting to overturn
the existing organizations that have
been built at the expense Of all Of the
members, and which will be run by
the majority regardless Of ali oppo-
sition. The lack Of knowledge in re-
gard to laws and rules is very often
the groundwork Of dissension in many
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1901-08-31

cries out for Justice and Equity
Purity and justice are stamped on the
face OF the Union Label. The label
conforms to a strict performance Of
moral obligations, and it's freedom
from any sinister motive is reflected in
the condition Of well-paid workmen,
well-fed children, and happy homes.
Healthful conditions surround those
who rally around that banner, and
through life it's influence is, felt and
recognized the truth that human life
is Of greater moment than gain of. gold.
This Label is the battle-emblem OF
the laboring classes; it will be carried
throughout the world wherever there
Is a struggle for bread for Mfe ana
the triumph of Right over Wrong. It
Is but a tiny piece Of paper, a little
rag OF linen, but through the power Of
the seal imprinted thereupon it is met
amorphosed into q weapon of defense.
an instrument with which the noblest
and bravest will fight until justice lib
crates the sons Of toll who now rest in
durance vile.
The Label points the road to a high
er ideal, higher standard Of social,
intellectual, and moral well-being. 1t
breaches the Gospel of UMonism,
champions the cause of Labor, pro-
notes Its welfare, and will I'M time
secure for it shorter hours and better
wages.
AS long as workingmen continue to
buy Non Union made goods, just SO
/; long will respect for them be less and
merchants continue to handle that
class of goods whose existence pro-
claims Labor's servility.
1t signifies that human life is becom-
ing more highly priced in the produce
ton OF human commodities than mere
profit; it warns you that by patroniz
ing firm who does not uphold it, you
assist In building up the business of a
tyrant who extracts a fortune from
the drudgery and degradation of his
fellow-men. Therefore, create the de-
mand: Ask for a Union Label where
Even though you are aware that a
Label is not on the market, neverthe-
less demand it. Demand governs sup
ply.
The more Union Labels, the more
Union purchases. The more Union pur-
chases, the more Union men. The more
Union men, the more strength obtain
ed, the more power welded. Harmony
pervades your ranks, less discord
arises; you gain wisdom, and wisdom
gets you justice.