The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1901-06-06

ydiu mas Deen Te-equlpptu Oh IlOuell
lines, and the Fore River Engine com
pany, which began with the construc
ton of torpedo boats, has now a grea
plant, and is building two first-clas
American battle ships At the nav!
yard the students at the institute arr
enabled to study ships and engine con
struction from practical standpoint
and to visit ships of all types. Fol
eseVeral years, too, the mold left a
the yard has been used by the classes
in the course by permission of the navy
department.
An Illustration on the demonstra.
tons which are made possible by proX-
unity to q tirst-class port is the pro-
gressive speed trial which is necessary
to determine definitely the amount OF
power required to drive ship of a GER
tain size at a certain rate of speed
The work requires the services of six
men and several hours of constinual
experimentation, and is of advantage
in commercial as we'll as in naval ship
building. Several ships have been turn
ed over to Prof. Cecil H. Peabody, who
has charge of the institute department,
for this purpose, including the new
revenue cutter Manning, to which a
trial was given on the measured mile
maintained by the Bath Iron Works.
In this instance an entire day was
spent in experimenting nj speeds from
6 knots to 16. The result shows that
for the maximum speed, which was OBJ
tanned by natural draught, 2200 horse
power was required. The experiments
brought out, among other interesting
points, the horsepower in relation to
the initial friction. the load friction,
! the friction and resistance of the pro-
pelor, wake gain and thrust deduction,
skin resistance and MATCHMAKING re-
sistance. The calculation of all these
| points in the power OF ship Is a
troublesome, but d most necessary
problem. If the builder expects q ship
to make Is knots, and she makes 16,
there is no advantage, rs might be gen.
orally supposed, but rather a loss be-
cause 1t means a direct waste in the
power of the engines. When ships are
designed to make a moderate speed,
their engines should be accurately pro-
portloned to this speed and progress
sive speed tests are thus among the
most valuable to students of naval ar
chitecture.
The students of the institute have
alsotaken part in tests In the towing
of ships and barges. Here, by means
of a device which may be roughly COM
pared to an exaggerated spring scale,
they areable to measure accurately the
strain of the hawser under varying
conditions. Another problem has been
to include ships to find their center of
gravity, or, in other words, to estab-
fish their stability.
Prof. Peabody says the purpose Of
the course at the institute is broad
and thoroughly scientific foundation
with a knowledge of the practical APP
plication of that training. This is best
done by laboratory work and drawing,
and it Is attempted to make students
understand how to use the tools so
that they can attaek any problem and
get direct results3at once.
That this has been successfully ac-
is shown by the fact that
men from the institute are in various
positions all over the country. They
find responsible employment as govern
ment draugtsmen in charge of work, |
as hull draughtsmen in charge Of work,
as engine draughtsmen, as shipbuild-
ers, and as INSPECTORS in naval arcbi- I
lecture, mechanical engineering and |
Only two are recorded as
being in business, the others being In
big shipyards from New York TO San
Francisco. One man went to Newport
News to do responsible work, and i'm
began to gather technology |
men around him.I He knew what their
equipment would be, and |
was able to make an |
economical use of his services. At other
the graduates who have Sc
cured places of authority have done
the same, until these groups are now
exerting considerable influence on
American ship-building.
The department of naval architecture
is closely related to all the general
at the institute. For example,
in marine engineering Of
fers a natural connection and instruc-
ton In the strength of materials in the
department of physics is quite essen
tial.
A feature Of the department Is the
large, well-lighted drawing room, |,
where students are employed on plans
IF all sorts, from the design of yacht I
to the detail calculations of a great
ocean greyhound" The room con-
tains variety of models as for in
stance, Gen. Charles J. Paine's three
cup defenders, which may be contrast
ID with a square-rigged ship of the old
style. In an adjoining room are cabi
nets filled with the working plans of
ships which have been actually built.
In the case of a war ship, hundreds of
letail drawings are necessary, both for
he construction of the hull and of the
machinery, and these are all worked
tut so that they may be used as di-
'ect means of instruction.
The department also owns a good IL
,rary and provides students with COM
1lete mimeograph notes of all the reg
liar lectures of the course. The me-
'hanical demonstration is given in the
7arious engineering labora tories, and
ests are made for the solution of a
:reat variety of mechanical problems.
t is only necessary to name few of
hese tests to show the eXhaustiveness
# the work. For instance, there are
ests of the tensile strength of bolted
oints Of different kinds and sizes of
opes, and of different knots used in
ropes, of the performance of
surface condenser of the flow of
A...c !