davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Grit-advocate., 1901-07-12
Suicide of Frederick u White,

Syracuse. \. Y. July 9.-Fredrric,-
u. White. son of Andrew ID. Whit.
United States ambassador to Germany.
committed suicide at $50 YESTERDAY
afternoon. AT his home in this city.
Prolonged ill-health and Il perSiSten.
and eXhauStin- nervous dsraS. :
given as the only possible eXplanaiio-
Of his act.
MIR. White had appeared to be in
usual health during the day. and haG
attended 10 matters of business of tbs.
management of the White estate. H.,
WAS alone in the house with the ser
wants during a part of the afternoon.
Mrs. White returned shortly after )
o'clock and found Mr. White dead IN
the bath room. \ bullet from Il rit-
had passed through his brain ana
death had been instantaneous. No on.
heard the shot.
The Grit-advocate., 1901-07-12

A comprehensive plan for the work
Of the naval war college during the
summer months is being considered by
the officials of the navy department.
The plan contemplated entails the dis
cussion Of several problems and one Of
them, OF considerable interest. con.
Germs the defense Of the Atlantic and
Pacific coasts Of this country through
the use Of the Nicaragua canal, which,
Tor the purpose of the problem. is tc
be supposed to be In existence. An
other problem relates to the defense Of
the coasts with the Straits of Magellan
as the connecting link between the At.
lantic and Pacific oceans. The third
problem concerns operations OF an
American fleet against European ma.
ton Of superior strength.
The Grit-advocate., 1901-07-12
Texas Great on Field.

ST. Louis. July 9.-Dispatchcs fru!-
Corpus Christi. Texas. state that While
speaking OF the great lubricating uil
strike made at PiedraS Pintos. in Dn.
val county. thirty miles from Corpus
Christi. last week. a prominent y.oi-
ogist OF that place asserted that un-
derneath Duval and Nueces counties
Is an immense lake of oil which cv.
tends as far south as Tampico. Mex
leo and is the largest in the world.
Nearly a dozen wells are being sunk
near the new gusher. capitalists ar
Hooking TO the place. land has in
creased in value ten fold and n new
town Will be laid off at once
The Grit-advocate., 1901-07-12

South America was the only cout-
nent to which our agricultural exports
for the past five years show Il decline
from Sll .23G.HU in 1896 to 50 4I2, 900
in 1900.
The most strikin" gain was in our
exports 10 Asia. rising from S5.135. 900
in 1886 to nearly S23.oOO.0oO in 1890.
The principal part of our agricultural
exports in 1900 found a market in Eu-
rope. sales to European countries hay
ing an aggregate value of SI59 1890. $50.
With the exception of the phenomenal
year 1S9S when they reached SIG2. .6N.-
600. these figures are the largest on
record. In 1896 they We're SIO3. .Uun.o .oOo.
To the various North American coun-
tries the exports in 1890 We're SbI.Wn-
900: in 1899 SIS. 100000. and in 1896.
S44.sD.UD
The ten principal items in our arri-
cultural exports trade for 1900 We're:
The Grit-advocate., 1901-07-12

A bas relief Of Clodion. representing
lawns, nymphs and cupids at play, has
been discovered in a Paris nunnery.
The relief was carved for the Princess
Louise OF Conde. in the eighteenth CEN
tury, and when she became nun the
figures were covered with plaster. A
Prussian cannon ball at the time Of the
siege Of Paris Clipped on the plaster,
showing the sculpture beneath. A
French antiquarian society intends tc
present 1t to the Carnavalet Museum,
though the price asked for it is $4u, 900.
The Grit-advocate., 1901-07-12

Amid all the demands Of the public
purse the Salvation Army has succeed
ed in making a remarkable collection
as result of its self-denial week. Last
year the week" produced E42,S45;
this year 1t has raised G47.1s1. Scot
land increased its subscription by
fl65. Ireland by f23s, while London
slums collected f765, as compared
with E645 a year ago.
The Grit-advocate., 1901-07-12
COLORADO.

Baron Benvenuto d'Alessandro. an
Italian, has invented means Of check
ing the force OF waves by means OF
nets made of waterproof hemp. One
recently tried with success at Havre
was 360 feet long by so feet wide. with
meshes II inches apart. The nets will
break the waves at sea, and will also
be a bulwark for hydraulic works
against heavy surf
The Grit-advocate., 1901-07-12

Mr.. Edison, who has been partially
deaf since childhood, was recently
told by specialist that an operation
might restore his hearing. Give up"
laughed the inventor. an advantage
that enables me to think on undis-
turbed by noise or conversation? No.
indeed" The exclamation emphasizes.
in the opinion OF the Electrical Re-
view, the strong need, by the thinking
part OF humanity, Of earlids as we'll as
eyelids.
The Grit-advocate., 1901-07-12

Count E. de Keratry informs the
Paris Matin that his grandfather was
born in 1898, and his father in 1853
he himself being born in 1892, 80 that
three generations have lived in the
seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth
and twentieth centuries. The Keratry
family numbers only twelve genera
lions from 1897 to the present time,
an average OF two generations to a
century.
The Grit-advocate., 1901-07-12

About half the trade in breadStuffs in
1909 went 70 the United Kingdom
with Germany next AT So .O2g 900. or
the raw cotton As+O. 2i7 900 went TO tllp
United Kingdom. S64.39J.OOO to Ger.
many. and S2I.1I6,pO to France
OF meat products. S1OT.i21 900 Went
to the United Kingdom and So. SOS. 600
of live animals TO the same country
The Grit-advocate., 1901-07-12
Wheat Burned,

Great Bend, Kan. July 9.-Fifteea
thousand acres of wheat went up in
names here yesterday afternoon. Th.
fire was started by an unknown man
throwing lighted cigar into a field of
wheat stubble. Everything was as dr.
as Under. and soon destructive tir"
vas in progress from the snail begin
The Grit-advocate., 1901-07-12

Two new uses have been found for
the camera. both Of which are helps
in detecting violations OF law. One is
the photographing Of cases Of cruelty
to animals, or the results Of cruelty.
This serves double purpose. A pho
tograph is the best evidence that can
be produced in court, and it arouses
public sympathy as nothing else. ex-
cept the scene itself, could do. The
other application is in making pictures
Of the smoke nuisance. Many cities
have ordinances against the use of
soft coal, or restrictions on the time
during which it may be used; but vio-
lations are frequent. Here again the
testimony of photograph is hard to
contradict. The name first given to
the hand cameras now SO common
seems to have been an appropriate
one. They were called detectives !"
The Grit-advocate., 1901-07-12

Breadstuffs ............. .S2G2. 4O1S
Cotton ................... 242.gSS91S
Meat products ........... 113.151.47l
Live animals ............. 45.:lS: 031
Tobacco ................ 23.i222.37
Oil cake and oil cake meal 1G.SlG.3U2
Vegetable oils ........... If.3450J6
Fruits and nuts. ........ 1l.G42G62
Dairy products ......... G.22i52O
Seeds . Observation-Disclosures. I.3W9s2
Others Observation-Disclosures. 81 .o67 .O19
Total Observation-Disclosures. ssh .G16.53O
Total in 1896 ......,... ia .:39S 2,;4
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12
Lake Lillian.

June 1O.-Some rain is wanted.
Peter Hanson is building a barn. ..
Mr.. Frankson, our highway overseer,
has been very busy with his work on
the road. He is just the man for that
office. Clause Anderson, who left
for Roseau county some time ago, is
back. Clause says that Kandiyohi is
the place after all. Some of our
young people attended stereopticon
entertainment which was given in our
school house in Dist. No. 81 some
time ago. They found it to be a sim
pie affair. -. Misses Emiline, Tildie
and Anna Lindquist were confirmed
last Sunday in Christine church,.
Some of our young people harbor
matrimonial intentions. Success to
you, girls. ..... Charley Bornstedt has
bought a new wheel. -. Erik Lof is
erecting dwelling house for Oloi
Heglund. Our boys were defeated
in the game of ball with the Willmar
boys, but they are not discouraged.
Some of our young men contem-
plate taking bicycle trip to Mime
apolis in the near future.
SLOUGHPUMPER,
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12
NorWav Lake.

June 10.-Lasse Bendikson left for
Ellington, S. D., last Monday .....
Thomas Torgerson came home from
Sisseton last Friday. :. Gustav Iver-
son is around selling Champion bind
ers and mowers. j.. .Nubben Gunnuf-
son, our overseer of highways, is now
through with his work. He proved to
be a very good boss. Melvin Berg
visited friends in Brooten last Satur-
day. ole Auften is going to build a
new residence this summer Olaf
Hande from Brainerd is home visiting
parents and friends. Olaf has attend
ed the Brainerd High school this last
year. ...... ole Quie is busy hauling
wheat to Brooten. E. L0beck, the
eloquent temperance speaker, lectured
in the West Norway Lake church June
1 on the temperance question. Hans
Dahlby visited with K. H. Moen last
week. .. Mr. and Mrs. T. Gunnufson
left for Browns Valley last Wednes-
day, where they intend to stay while.
80. "A party from here left for Lake
Minnetonka Sunday. A good time is
reported. .... Service next Sunday in
the West Norway Lake church by
Rev. Meyer from Chicago.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12
Kandiyohi.

June lO.-Refreshing rains fell last
Sunday. Our harness maker A. Lin
derholm will have new shop in the
near future. -. Peterson Bros. COM
pleted the barn for j. Anderson Fri
day.. Road work has begun in Dist
No. Al, with Chas. Blomquist as road
overseer. We now expect good roads
as Charlie is a hustler and makes the
boys get around. -. Mrs. VIM. Mas
from Webster, S. D., is visiting with
her parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Freeberg.. Z.
......Hilma Norman spent Saturday
with her cousin, Albert Enblom, at
Willmar. 80. Mr.. o. Ekdahl left for
Minneapolis Friday afternoon. r..
w. Stanford, who has been attending
the "U," will spend the summer
months at his home near town. Tom
Tierney was up to Wlllmar and bought
a new buggy Saturday.. ..... The late
frost did some damage to the corn and
flax crop. "A number from here at
tended the social of the P. L. S. at
Dist. No. Al Friday evening j. T.
Branton, the agent for the John Han
cock life insurance company, was
around in this vicinity talking insur-
ance to the boys last week. -. C. F.
Anderson and family visited at Mrs.
S. Peterson's Sunday afternoon. 80.
Joe and Henry Isaacson attended a
surprise party at Ed. Johnson's in
tennessee Saturday evening.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12
FahIun.

June l1.-Ole Granquist has the eel.
lar dug for his new residence. ....
Albert Wahlncr of Lake Lillian was
seen on our roads last S Saturday even.
ing .... Miss Hilda Lundeen has re.
turned from Willmar C. j. STAR
strom's gave a social party to the
young people in the surrounding
neighborhood Saturday evening. A
good time was reported .... Boys,
make it duty to attend the band so.
cial at Svea next Sunday, June l6,
and bring your sisters Or another
boys sister. Mr.. Sand and Misses
Nelson and Fleckten of Tripolis
visited in this vicinity last Sunday
Edwin Engberg and Peter Westling
came up from Dixie Saturday to be
present at the party at Sjarstrom s
that evening. Miss Manda Star.
strom, who arrived here two weeks
ago from Alaska for visit with rela.
tives and friends, leaves today (Tues.
day. for Minneapolis for short stay
before returning to the "gold fields.'
Miss Alma Mattson accompanied her.
DEPUTY KID.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12
WhitefeId.

June 1O.-Mrs. Brevig of Granite
Falls is visiting with relatives here.
David Ostlund of Pennock passed
through here on his way home, after
having spent week visiting IN
Hector. Mrs. W. Englund is suf-
fering from a sore foot. -. Miss
Carolina Hallquist entertained few
of her friends last Sunday at the home
of Mr.. and Mrs. o. Lindquist. >.
Ol0f Hawkinson and Miss Annie Haw.
kinson of Maynard called on Olot
Peterson's Sunday. The baseball
game between Svea and Whitefeld did
not come off last Sunday on account
of bad weather. .. Misses Esther anC
Mary Gabrielson called at Hans An
derson's the first part of the week.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12
Cennessee.

June 10.-Lewis Mattson is reported
on the sick list. >. "A ''surprise was
rendered Mr.. and Mrs. Ed johnson
last Saturday evening. A large crowd
attended and a good time reported. -.
A crowd of invited friends assembled
at A. Hedberg's Sunday evening.
All present report good time. 90.
Mrs. G.. P: Holme has recovered from
her injuries so she could 60 home. -.
Alfred Anderson has purchased new
hay mower. "A coffee social was
given at G. M. Carlson's last Friday
by the ladies of the Swedish Lutheran
church at Atwater. Theodore An
derson is working for Alfred Ander-
son. "A. Nilsson spent Sunday
evening with Atwater friends. ....P.
Levander of Atwater called at T. O.
Anderson's Sunday. Wedding bells
will soon be ringing again.
CRACKER-JACK.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12
New London.

June 6.-Mr. and Mrs. Hans Olson,
of Waupaca, Wis, have come here to
make a month 8 visit. Mrs. Olson is
a sister of Thomas and John P.
Thompson of this place. -. We learn
that Louis Larson has recently sold
his farm at Herman, Minn., receiving
for the same S4,80O. "A special
bridge crew is at work improving the
Long Lake bridge. Since the ditch
has been opened up under the bridge,
the water in the lake has begun to
sink back to its original high water
mark. .... "A Swedish Methodist camp
meeting will be held in the grove !
mile north of the old Swan Fremberg
place beginning Tuesday, June IL,
and continuing until noon Friday the
14th.-New London Times.
The bachelors picnic was postponed
until Thursday, June 13, on account
of the weather.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12
M a mre.

June "a nice rain today will set
the crops in very promising condi-
tion. ..... Some of our ex-students at
tended the Commencement exercises at
Willmar Seminary today. And. e..
Sandberg went to Minneapolis Thurs
day for few weeks visit with rela-
tives and friends. "A large number
OF our young people spent Decoration
day at Willmar and report very en-
joyable time. . >. Mr.. Gustaf B. and
Rev. Andrew T. Frykman arrived
here last Monday for a several weeks
visit at the home of their parents, Rev.
and Mrs. N. Frykman. The former is
a student at the Univerity and the lat
ter is pastor of congregation at He
lena, Mont. ..Carriages are becom.
ing a common article with many OF
our well-to-do farmers now. Among
the latest owners are L. Oman and L.
Anderson. .. Frank Erickson of Will.
mar "biked' over to his home here
last Sunday. Say, Mamre boys
what would you say to starting up q
ball team in Mamre? Mamre is vel
represented in everything else, but has
no ball team, SO we think it is higf
time to try and organize a team
Surely there are enough healthy, 70
bust boys in our township for that.
| School will close in Dist. No. IS mex
Friday. The school teachers, Misse!
Nelson and Peterson, have arranged
to have a picnic at J. w. Johnson .
grove on that day. NEWSBOY.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12
AtWater.

June 11.-A. J. Thorne, the bloom
ing insurance man, was in town doing
business this week. Milo Gress, the
assistant at the depot, has secured q
position on the 500 line at Russell,
Mimi. Miss Ida SwensOn was visit
ing at Dassel last week. .Olof Narve-
rud, whose parents live west of town,
graduated from the Mankato CONNER
cial College some time ago and is now
working for a business firm at Ulen..
Olof Anderson has purchased tract
OF land in the Broberg addition to At
water and will build a residence there
this summer. Miss Selma Kraft came
down Groton, S. D., Monday to spend
the summer with relatives in town.
Mr.. an Mrs. Miller came up from
ST. Paul last week. They are staying
with Mrs. Miller's relative, G.. M.
Carlson, south of town. The Behn
boys, Theodore, August, and Christ,
are up from St. Pavl to attend the mar
riage of their sister Carrie to Mr.. Jo-
seph Maier of Harrison. The wedding
takes place Wednesday, this week.
Particulars next week. :. AN immense
crowd turned out at the social given
by the Progressive Literary Society
Friday evening. A number were pres
ent from Willmar, including r. E.
Sperry and J. Emil Nelson of the
TRIBUNE, who were called upon for
speeches. Mr.. Sperry responded with
a short speech on "intluence, and Mr..
Nelson sang song, much to the de-
light of the ladies. r. W. Stanford
was also present and made brief
speech. The society will hold one or
two meetings more before adjourning
for the summer. .Atwater is without
doubt one of the best grain markets
on this line. Every day scores of
teams line our streets, waiting their
turn to unload. The agents have been
paying two cents above list price and
giving better grades than they do at
other towns, which accounts for the
unprecedented amount of grain hauled
to Atwater within the past month.
MID-ROADER,
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12
Social ut Svea.

An ice cream social will be gives on
Sunday, June 16, in G. A. Lindberg's
grove near Svea church, under the
auspices of the Svea Band. A pro-
gram consisting of speeches and va
riety of vocal and instrumental music
will be rendered during the afternoon,
commencing at 2 O'Clock. Mr.. A. G.
Lundquist of Kandiyohi will be the
principal speaker for the occasion.
The Ladies quartet of Tripolis will be
present to favor the audience with some
of their pleasing selections. Refresh
ments will be served throughout the
afternoon and evening. A cordial in
vitation is extended to all.
COMMITTEE.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12
Crue.

June 1O.-Mr. and Mrs. Joe Halver-
son from Danvers, Minn., visited with
his relatives at this place last week. 4.
Miss Ella Olson stayed with her
brother in New London the past week.
..... .Chas. Thompson has been in
spicer doing plastering work for Otto
Ronning at that place. .. Mr.. and
Mrs. Chas. Calberg of Irving visited
at G. A. Halverson's this week. :. "A
large crowd of the Grue people at.
tended the Lutheran Free church con:
vention at Willmar this week.. Mr.
and Mrs. Peter Freeberg of Wilma,
visited at Axel Nelson's last Sunday
John r. Norrell and couple O
his friends passed pleasant Sunda,
afternoon at Eagle Lake fishing.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12

0Ito".
June 10.-H. Nieman, livery man of
Raymond, called at Priam Tuesday
last. .Chas. A. Isaacson had mis-
fortune in that his granary was struck
by lightning last Wednesday morning.
1t burned entirely up; damage about
$75. ....Joe Pulkrabec was here on
business Wednesday,. Leslie Kirby
is going to erect new barn, size 26x
34xl4 it,, in the near future. -. .Cbas.
Dittes and A Larson drove to Ray
mond Tuesday evening H. Walleen
made an overland trip to Lake Lillian
from Woods, Chippewa county, last
Thursday. He intends to erect an ad-
dition to his dwelling ut is rumored
that certain parties are intending tC
put up a store here. IT. Olson OF
South Edwards was here on business
last Friday. .... Mrs. And. Anderson
of Willmar was here on a visit with
friends one day last week. %. P.
Oslie has erected a windmill on his
farm south of town. ...... Mrs. S. G.
Swiers and child of Clara City re-
turned home Saturday after visiting
with relatives here. 49,. Mr.. Bennet
and Miss Effie Engen departed last
Friday for a visit to Anoka, Minn .
IL. Somerville of Woods, Chippewa
county, was in this vicinity Saturday.
An uncle of A. J. Aultman, from
Atwater, visited with him few days
last week. %. Miss Annie IsaacsOn
of Kandiyohi visited with her brother
Charley here few days last week.
EAGLES EYE.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12
Henry Ward Beeeher Said:

I "Goethe's Poem Faust has done
more to elevate purity and illustrate
the difference between good and evil
than all the sermons ever preached. !"
The Hubert Labadie company give the
production Of Goethe $ Faust complete
in every detail at the Willmar opera
house next Friday night June IA.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12
peath ut Lake Andrew.

Ole A. Olson of Lake Andrew died
at his home last Sunday after q brief
illness. at an age of 35 years.. He
leaves wife and four children to
bitterly mourn his untimely death.
He also leaves three sisters in life,
Mrs. Ole Reese, Mrs. Albert Nordstedt
and Mrs. Carl Johnson, all residing
in Lake Andrew. The funeral occurs
today from the Synod church at Nor
way Lake, Rev. D. G. Jordahl of6ciat-
ing. &. ..... .= . ss.: 5 Y .- g.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12
Ringville.

June II. Sunday was bad day
for bicycle parades to Long Lake.
Better luck next time. . Elias John
son is sporting a new Crescent chain
less wheel. Mandy Sonstegaard
will leave for St. Cloud Tuesday to
visit her sister, Julia, who is attend
ing school at that place. Mr.. and
Mrs. John Dahl and Mrs. Caselman
are visiting with their father, Hasten
Mork =. . Mason work on the Bur-
bank town hall commenced Tuesday.
Tom Coyn Is hauling the lumber and
the carpenters will soon be at work.
-. Confirmation in Crow River
church next Sunday, June 49, Oscar
NyDerg has invested in an Q. K.
weeder. That's right, Oscar, now is
the time to do your, wedding. .Au.
gust Sonstegaard went to Brooten tc
visit his brother, CLAUS. :
DIR. c. e. GerretsOn, dentist. Office
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12
DeLa Hunts Parcel Delivery.

Trunks, parcels, packages, letters,
etc. called for and delivered to any
part of the city. Prompt service.
Charges moderate. Office Great
Northern Express. Telephone No.
81. 7tf
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12
CoUN NTY new S
Sunburgh.

June 6.-The rain we got last Mon
day was of great value to the crops.
1.-THE farmers around here are busy
taking their wheat to Kerkhoven now
adays. CLAUS Jorgenson and Ole
y. f'1olo are putting up a residence
for Foster Sagedalen. ...... The town
board of Norway Lake has let the
contract to A. N. Bracken for grad
ing the judicial road on the county
line between town of Norway Lake and
town of Kerkhoven, for the sum of
Sll0. We wish you success, Mr..
Bracken. ..... N. T. Gunnufson, our
road overseer, is working hard level
ing the street between the Sunburgh
stores. 80. Oscar Hamre from Gold
Bug was transacting business at Sun
burgh the other day.. Albert Gand-
rud is busy hauling merchandise from
'Brooten to their big store here. Old
Mr.. and Mrs. Gunnufson of this place
left the other day for visit with their
sOn-in-law at Sisseton. Bernt K.
Peterson is busy grinding feed.
Our shoemaker, Olson, had to leave
his shop and work his poll tax.
Mrs. Quame is visiting in Renville.
Martin Duane is working hard on the
county ditch in town of Kerkhoven..
..Ole r. Olson and Knut Rime are
to 60 to Minneapolis the 18th of this
month as delegates from this place to
the yearly meeting of the United Luth-
eran church.. George A. Ellingboe
has sold his 3-year old colts. >. Chris
topher Sander has now recovered
from his sickness and Rosy Ellingson
has returned home. ... Relatives of
Moen and Gandrud, from Glenwood,
have visited around Sunburgh. .....
Dina Quame has now returned from
Willmar. REPORTER.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12

President Mckinley has issued q
signed statement that he does not wish
| for q third term. IA.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12
Girl Wanted.

Competent girl wanted for genera
housework. Inquire of 1
18tf MRS. w. j. s PINNEY.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1901-06-12

DR.. c. E. Gerretson, dentist. Office
in Mikkelson block, Willmar. 22t