The daily morning journal and courier., 1901-02-05
FILIPINOS DETERMINED.
GENERAL MACARTHUR EXFR ESSES
 HIS DISAPPOINTMEN

tion, Not Realized Deportation of
 Mabini ExpIained-Reply of Secretary
 of Field Movements by Return of
 Volunteers.
 Washington, Feb. 4.--Secretary Root to-day sent to the Senate reply to Senator Pettigrew's resolution inquiring into the deportation from Manila to Guam of Mabini, an insurgent leader. Secretary Root says in reply:
 "A Mabini the person referred to, IS a prisoner of war, captured by the mil itary forces of the United States on the 10th day of December, 1899. While such prisoner, he was found to be maintaining correspondence with insur- gents engaged in armed resistance to the authority of the United States, and his place of confinement has been, dur ing the past month of January, changed from Manila to the Island of Guam.
 q enclose herewith two papers on file in relation to the matter, together with a copy of the regulations governing the
 
 which the action in this case has been taken"
 Contained in the correspondence is cable message dated December Is, 1S99, from General Otis to the war depart ment, reporting that General MacAr- thur at Bayambang held as prisoner Of war "Mabini, ablest of insurgents, founder of late government"
 The next dispatch is one which came to the war department in cipher from General Macarthur, dated December 25, 1900. Its tone was far from encour- aing. General Macarthur said:
 Expectations, based on result of elec- ton, have not been realized. Progress of pacitlcation apparent to me, but still very slow. Condition very inflexible, and likely to become chronic. have, therefore, initiated a more rigid policy by issue of proclamation enjoining pre- else observance of laws of war, with special reference to sending supplies and information to enemy in field, from towns occupied by our troops, and also warning leaders that intimidation Of natives, by Kidnapping or assassination, must sooner or later lead to their trial for felonious crimes, unless they be- come fugitive criminals beyond the jur- isdiction of the United States, which latter course would mean lifelong ex- patriation. Proclamation well received by country, expectant, and awaiting practical application thereof. Am con" sidering expediency of closing ports of both Camarines, Albay, Samar, and Leyte. Would like to emphasize new policy by deporting to Guam at an ear ly date few prominent leaders now in my hands. Request authority accord inely.
 American natives in Manila, with chief justice at the head, have organized party which apparently has some ele- ments of cohesion and usefulness. Field movements, outlined in my message of October 26, will probably be somewhat interrupted by early return of voltln- teers It is difficult to convince peo- pie, especially natives that any of the volunteers will be replaced. Early in- formation of purpose of department in regard to the army legislation and the prospect of the passage of an army Dill would greatly strengthen my adminis- tration here.
 After a conference with the presi- dent, Secretary Root wrote the secre- tary of the navy telling in substance of General MacArthur's request for au- thority to deport insurgent leaders He added:
 Substantially the same plan as rec commended by General MacArthur has | hxr. nd O11r I- sions approved by the president. It Is now requested that definite instructions be issued by you to the naval officer in 1 command of the island of Guam to re- ! ceive and care for such prisoners as may be sent to the island by the com manding general division of the Philip pines
 Assistant Secretary of the Navy Hackett cabled the necessary order to Admiral Remey, and the prisoners were deported. ID later dispatch eX- plaining the deportation of Mabini, General MacArthur said:
 Mablnl deported; most active agi- tator, persistently and defantly refus- ing amnesty, and maintaining corre- epondence with insurgents in the field, | while IlVlnS III MdHllSt, LuHoii' H.ieNi protection of the United States; also | for offensive statement in regard to the recent proclamation enforcing laws pof war. His deportation absolutely es- sential.
 Secretary Root also transmitted the 1 following definition of prisoners Of war as published in the army regulations:
 A prisoner of war is person who by capture or surrender. falls into the | hands of the enemy.
 The following persons, or classes o1 persons, are subject to capture and de- tention as prisoners of war: All sol diers of the enemy of every grade, tc whatever arm of the service they may belong; all individuals who take part in a rising en masse in hostile territory all persons attached to an army Whc | contribute to its efficiency, and promote directly the object of the war; the sov' ereign, or chief executive, Of a hostile state; members of his family, the chle1 officers of the government; it's diplo matic agents; and, in general, any civil officer whose services are Of i'm portance to the enemy, or whose deten' ton would be prejudicial to his mill tary operations; citizens who are au- thorized to accompany an army for any purpose, as suffers, traders, or core | spondents of newspapers.
 Prisoners of war are subject to sucf | confinement or restraint as may DC | deemed necessary, but they are to bt