The evening times., 1901-11-04

IS" feet from the tip Of her bowsprit 90
the extreme end Of her aftermast boom
almost as long, that is as the two battle
ships the New jersey and the Rhode Isl
and, which are building on the Same
beach. B0WuOiu b. CrUWulushisIl the
Of other noted craft laid her lines. Cap
tain J. O. Crowley Of 1Lis CITY. is at tho
head Of the syndicate which viii OWE her.
and ms brother. VINO has commanded t.r,
Wells, VIII be- her master
But the rev seven-master is more than
a realization Of Mr.. SewalIs prophecy. As
mas Just been suggested. she marks the
cllfnaN Of the development of thr most
thoroughly American type of craft the
schooner. The first Of this Gloss OF yes
sells was built i'm Gloucester in the sec
ond decade Of the eighteenth century a
hundred years later-ur down to the war
Of lSlZ-schOOuers Of $50 tons were still
considered large. and not until IN. time
of the civil war did they run uy To- 300 and
300 tons. IL was on the Great Lakes. how
ever, whore the American spirit had its
fullest play and WAS fTeegt from Europe
an traditions. that the FIRST thrce-masters
were built. In 1880, and twenty years lat
ct the three-maSter had become The IA
NOrlte rig for all schOOuerS running from
$50 90 co. tons. In 1850. or soon after the
first fUur-mastod schooner was built. and
vessels or schooner rig began TO run I'D
10 300 and 800 tons For the lake traf-
nc mer, barEss with five maSts. fore and
art Igggu, but using their sails simply
Z.
Ing, the first t.e-masters. although the
schooner Governor AmcS. built twelve
years ago al NalGObOTO. Ne. as an eK-
pertinent, was the first genuine hys-mast-
kept the seas OF her own power The
Am's, however. remained the only
schooner Ot her class until three years
ago. when the John B. Prescott with a
capacity Of 400 tons. was built al Cam
den, and her rival. the Nathaniel Palmer.
Vas launched M Bath.
While the seveu-master being built at
Fore River IS an excellent object lesson
81 any 0OutbsrS are left-of tho fact that
America Is constructing steel sailing
ships Oh a practical scale vet it must be-
remembered that as far back ass lS1I Phil
adslphlauS built the iron light dTauEut
ship CudOTus. In 1850. also i'm PhilaIcl-
phia. the experiment Of three-mastcd
iron CDutrcbOard schooner was tried. the
Josephine, registering 5f5 tons. with a
length on the WaferlIur Of lI6 feet and e
beam Of a feet, as against "A depth Of
only j. feet But she was not a sufficient
financial success 20 warrant others Of her
class Il was in the same year. 10y the
way that another experiment was tried.
Iu the building Of the William l. White,
tho first tOuT-maSte0 schooner. al Bath.
registering S@5 tons, with length Of 2lJ
feet over all. beam Of 80 feet and "a
depth of hold Of Il feet. She was four
master by accident. or she was original
ly designed fOT three masts but IL was
decided that they would be too unWiclCly.
presa Eiug the increase i'm the number of
canvas carrying sticks.
T}y no such chance Is the Fore River
craft 20 have seven mastS. but I'm accord
aauCe with a carefully worked out SClrn-
tincaIIy piauuel design. In the first place.
she viii carry as much cargo as some Of
the larger ocean lnsTs-b.twv'n 1000 and
S 90 tuus-WhiIe requiring only sixteen
mem that is. although she VIII carry
nearly three thousand tons more -han the
SiN-maStoT. she can be handled with only
two more men. making her proportion
ately "a much more profitable craft More
over. square rigged ship Of the same
size would require at least thIrty-hTr men,
and probably more. SO that. although the
scyep-master VIII carry Hu American crew
at higher cost for man than "a vessel
under foreign flag. she Will pay better
From the bottom OF her keel Co her main
truck the new =svCu-mIstsT viii Do, thor
Oughly American in conception. design
and construction. Sh. will hg. so far as
known the first American sailing craft
with "a double bottom. that s. 20 saw. she
will have a space 0f four and One-half feet
between her skin and the bottom of
the hold but this loss OF space viii Doe
tagc iE tho matter Of ballast. When she
delivers largo at one port and wishes 20
90 iu ballast 90 another all that VIII have
20 be done viii be 10 open the seucOcks
and let lu twelve hundred tons OF water.
and upon arrival al the port whore cargo
is 10 be taken on board this water can
DE readily and chcaply pumped out When
it is RENE mbered that ballast costs 81
ton and must be put ia and taken out Of
the hold 10y hand al considerable aoul-
Uuual expense, The saving Is apparent
Furthermore. the space lost IN the water
bottom Is more than made up in the re-
duCed size OF the keelson. In the six