davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1901-02-28
THREEFoLD SENSE OF TASTE.
GRstrohomic Expert Touches Upon
the Pleasure of ERtinE-FOod
Accessories.

G. Edward Fuller, assistant suDerin-
tendent, with Frederic w. Taylor su >
perintendent, in charge of the di.
vision OF foods and their accessories AT
the Pan-American exposition, writes
briefly in the Exposition Bulletin as
follows upon the subject Of foods:
Honest investigation serves to take
the conceit out OF MS as we discover
how crude are some of our eating
habits when examined in the light
reflected from older and perhaps in
some cases inferior civilization. Theo.
dore Child Of sayory memory, inti-
mated that Brillat-Savorin understoos1|
little about eating, though he knew
how TO talk of It, and my eXperiel,e
is that TO know whom 20 talk to is
quite a lesson in self-restraint.
There is nothing more unfeeling
than deScanting upon the pleasure OF
the table to the dyspeptic, or the per-
son with an inherent palate. How
ever. we must remember that the term
palate Is now but a figure Of speech,
inasmueh as IL has been determined
that the tongue is the seat of tasting
In three divisions; the tip responding
10 acids and pungent things; the mid
die sensible TO sweet and bitter, while
the back part devotes itself TO the
favors emanating from fatty sub
stances. When the butter on the
bread is good, or when we have sugar
on Il, we may now be permitted 10
eat IL butter side down.
To many the division between
floods and "fOod accessories" Is a
hard one, but there Is pro-
nounced distinction, and the new sci-
ence of dietetics makes the division
plain. Foods must contain nutrients
while food accessories may or may
not. A determination by rigid test
that some Of the most delectable OK
luXuries long classed as foods (the
rSushroom, for instance), are wholly
wanting in Lutriment, and proof that
certain much mal.gred condiments
(notably black pepper when properly
selected aud pgSpared) contain peptic
tonics which aid nJtrition are all In
line with the interdependence Of the
two classes covered by the terms
foods" on the one hand and "food
| hNetehoEAth on tue Olutfs
Regarding the divergent theories Of
life involved in eating to live or living
20 eat IL Is not possible 10 set up the
compromise principle that thing
worth doing at all is worth doing
well. Especially II IL Is worth doing
three times day. Is not the doctrine
OF eating 20 live quite sordid, even as
the mania for living TO eat 10 disso-
Lutte?
We have much 20 learn from the
Japanese, Chinese and French con
cerning their habits OF amlability and
even decorous joyousness at the fam
fly table. How lugubrious Is the aver.
age family meal with usl II seems TO
be a mere meeting place In many fam.
lilies for nagging and pickering.
Black pepper is the king OF food
accessories, but one cannot enjoy Il
In the thirty-third degree until one
learns how TO get IL and how 10
use it.
A pepper expert ought 10 know
whether he Is in London, Paris on
Amsterdam by the pepper, II nothing
else. In London the pepper Is strong
without fragrance, going there from
the straits settlements. In Paris
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1901-02-28

France has enacted a new law which
will permit a soldier and sailor OF
France TO send two simple letters per
month post free. To carry out this
project and In order that the stamps
may not be utilized by others a series
OF new stamps Is TO be produced. They
will bear across the vignette the two
letters +. NJ, franchise militalre,"
and In order 10 prevent the sale Of
these stamps regulation has been
issued TO the effect that the soldier
and sailor must deliver his stamped
letter 20 the baggagemaster--sngue-
mestre-who viii see that they are
duly posted.-N. Y. Herald.
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1901-02-28

Take half n pint Of tomato pulp
that has been rubbed through a sieve,
announce Of butter, two ounces Of graf
edcheese, an ounce and half OF boiled
r1acaroni, an ounce OF stale bread
crumbs, and teaspoonful Of mado
mustard; mix all together in a sauce
pan, and stir over the fire until boil-
ing; take from the fire, let cool; add
first the yolks Of two eggs, and
then the whites of three, with salt and
pepper. Turn into a buttered dish,
and set into the oven to bake quick
ly. Dust over with grated Parmesan.
IN. Y. Post.
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1901-02-28

Don't laugh at fashion; don't dis
courage ambition; don't hinder pro.
gress; Try 10 be anable; look on the
bright sides strive 20 be happy; enjoy
lie; Keep healthy, which you can do
by using Dr, CaldEel's syrup pepslp
according 10 directions. ~ isan abso-
Lutte cure Tor constipation, Indigestion,
stomach troubles and sick headache,
Peoples drug store. DIV
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1901-02-28

Judge Thomas IN the federal court
at Muskogee last week imposed ine
OF 800 and costs against L. @. Stew
enson, Of Checotah, for gambling. A
fine OF s25 for a similar offence was
assessed against Ed Keyes Of the same
town.
Purlaes the blood fills the system
with life, health aud vigor-Beggs'
Blood Purifier. ut cured me OF dys-
pepsia and costiveness, aud other dis.
eases arising from impure blood l
think it's a splendid medicine" says
Mrs. Alice Reed, Butler, Mo. Peo-
ple's drug store. W
Henry Searls, OF Cbecotah, Wcdnes-
day appeared before JT Tige Thomas at
Muskogee To answer a ,harge for
maintaining a gambling house. Searls
thought IL was Joke but he was uu'
deceived when he was ordered confined
In jail six months.
Moore's pilules are a guaranteed
cure for all forms " halarial, ague,
chills and fever, swamp fever, malar-
ial fever, bilious fever, iaundice, Bill
jusness, fetid breath and tired,
llstless feeling. They cure rheuma-
tism aud the lassltude following
blood poison produ ed from malarial
poisoning. No quinine. No arsenic
acids or iron. d. not ruin stamach
or teeth. Entirely tasteless Price
so ,ents per box. DR. 9. Q. Muure Co.,
$40 North Main street, ST. Louis, Mo
Sol by Peoples drug store. dwly
Bassit G. Rossiugtpn, who claimed
to be a special agent Of an Insurance
company aud who swindled agents
Miller, at Wagner, and Irish at Mus.
kogee, out Of 500 each, was
sent to the penitentiary for three
years by Judge Thomas.
State Of Ohio, CITY uf Toledo, 90
Lucas County
frank J. Cheney makes oath that
he is the senior partner Of the firm o.
+. J. Cheney s. Co., doing business IL
the city OF Toledo, county and stat,
aforesaid, and that said frm will pay
the sum OF cue hundred dollars fo
each and every case OF catarrh thai
cannot be cured 10y the use of Hall'l
catarrh cure. FRANK j. CHENEY.
Sworn to before me and subscribed
in my presence, this 9Th day Of Dec.
| A. u. 1886.
A. w. GLEASON,
SEAL Notary Public.
HAIRS catarrh cure is taken intern
ally and acts directly on the blood an
mucous surfaces Of the system. Sem
for testimonials, free.
Il. J. CHENEY s. Co, Toledo, o.
Sold by druggists, 75c.
Halls Family Pills are the best. :
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1901-02-28
nld soIdler,s Ernerlence.

NJ. NJ. Austin, a civil war veteran,
OF Winchester, Ind, writes: "My wife
was sick long time IN spite Of good
doctors treatment, but was wholly
cured by Dr. Kings New Life Pills,
which worked wonders for her health. {"
They always do. Try them. Only 25c
at Peoples & A. w. Foreman's drug
store. DIV
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1901-02-28
To Tap New Lines.

The Frisco railroad company intend
10 further develop their system. With
in the next go days work will be COM
menced on the construction OF a
branch line or "feeder" from Guthrie
through the Kiowa and Cumanche
country to Acme, Texas. The con-
tract for the gradlng OF the roadbed
has already been let. The line will
he Ia operation by the time Of the op-
ening OF the new county for settle
ment.
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1901-02-28
Should a Man Be XaIn2

Certainly he should. He should
have ambition TO look well and feel
good, which he cannot do unless he
dieests his frOd. DIR. Caldwell's syrup
p0psin aids digestion, clears the head,
keeps the bowels regular aud makes a
man feel al peace with the whole
world. Try IL. Peoples drug store. DIV
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1901-02-28

A very original idea in Sweden Is
70 gather from near and far at the com
meneement OF the new century ali
swedes, Norwegians and foreigners In.
terested In sport and folklore, and 10
offer them an opportunity Of studying
the scandinavian names and exercises.
which, like those Of the ancient Greeks,
largely contribute TO the strength,
hardness and agility OF the people.
They can at the same time take cognl.
zanee Of the national music and dances,
which help to keep the swedes and Nor
wegians cheerful and contented durlnV
their long winters. The frat gather
ing VIII take place IN Stockholm from
the sth to the nth OF February.-st
Louis Republic.
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1901-02-28
neorre 0onId comlng.

IL is rumored la railroad circles that
George Gould aud his party will eX-
tend their tour OF southwestern rail-
roads controlled by him TO trip over
the Katy, aud that he will pass
through Vinita some day this week.
Mr. Gould's car, the Atalania, Is said
TO be the most costly and tastily furn-
ished car Ia existence.
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1901-02-28
Criminals Convicted.

The criminal docket for the present
Muskogee term OF court has been COM
pleted. During the term there has
been over fity convictions for crimes
ranging from murder down TO boot
Logging and the offenders have been
ordered punished by jail sentences
from the period OF 30 days to lie in
the penltentiary.
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1901-02-28
Skin-TO1ured Babies
AND TIRED MOTHERS
Find Comfort in CutlCura

INSTANT RELIEF and refreshing sleep for Skn-tortured
Babies and rest for Tired Mothers in warm bath with
CUncusA Soar and single amounting with CUncUeA
the great skin and purest of emolients This
the purest, sweetest, most speedy, permanent an-
economical treatment for torturng, dshgurng itching
burning bleeding, scaiy, crused, and pmply skin and
scalp humors with loss of hair of infants and children
Millions of Mothers Use Cuticura Soap
BY purifying boaufyg
whitening rough
and hands in the form Of baths for ANNOYING iTaSns inaaa
uceraive weaknesses and for sanate anu
other
and hair
ement
fronC cleansing
Hcftd
9 O preserving purifying
The
compared with
the toilet bath and Thus combines IN one soap AZ
skin and conpeoh soap
he be- baby the world
Comulee External Humo S25,
Of ana
Inflammation and irritation and a
Q hca else Sold throughout the world
Indian chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1882-1902, 1901-02-28

The orator who deals largely I'M
quotations speaks Volumes Chicago
DAILY Newh
The Lafayette advertiser. [volume] (Vermilionville [i.e. Lafayette], La.) 1865-19??, 1901-01-19
ELECTION OF BANK
OFFICERS.

The Board of Directors of the
First National Bank Of Lafayette
effected organization for the en-
suing year by re-electing the fol-
lowing officers, on the 18th inst:
N. P. Moss. president; ]. G. Par
kerson, vice-president; S. R. Par
kerson, cashier; F. V Mouton,
assistant cashier; C. D.. Caffery,
attorney; O. c. Mouton, notary.
Each successive statement of the
condition of its business shows a
steady upward growth OF the First
National Bank under the conser-
l,anag that has Il.
ways characterized the control II
lis. business affairs. Good bank
ing facilities are Of the utmost adj
vantage to the development. Of
every community, and the First
National Bank with its extensive
clientele has ever been an active
and influential factor in all matters
affecting the ma{erial welfare Of
Lafayette.
The Lafayette advertiser. [volume] (Vermilionville [i.e. Lafayette], La.) 1865-19??, 1901-01-19
THOUGHTFUL LITTLE
PEOPLE

The Advertiser has learned witt
Measure OF the intention OF num-
b,r of little boys and girls in this
community, to give an entertain
ment in the near future for the ben
eft of the Home Charity Assoela-
ton. The Advertiser has been IN
formed that the idea originated
with the children, themselves, and
it is certainly a beautiful idea to
carry OUT that Of extending a
helping hand by the young to ie'- :,
low human beings in sickness and
distress. Charity is the noblest OF
all virtues and it is an inspiring in
cident to see this grand virtue bud
ding forth in young and tender
hearts not yet acquainted with the
hardships OF the world
We hope to be able to publ'sh
al an early date the program OF the
entertainment to be given by these
LITTLE friends OF the poor, and we
bespeak for the project a cheerful
and substantial support on the part
Of the public.
The Lafayette advertiser. [volume] (Vermilionville [i.e. Lafayette], La.) 1865-19??, 1901-01-19

The Christian Endeavor Society
81 Presbyterian Church held an
other 81 their delightful socials
Monday evening at the hospitable
home 81 the Misses Sprole
Alter 4 very interesting game i
was found that Mr.. Sterling Mudd
had won the prize which was pre-
sented u him ~ Miss Edna Sprole.
Miss I.aidlaw Of Dakota delighted
he crowd by her sweet singing
while Mr.. Adams was very inter-
tanning ia his phonograph imita-
dan. Refreshments we're served
! q another laughable game ard
mere music enjoyed, after which
good night had u be said and ev-
I 4 eryo one I'm ieeling proud to be I
nemher 81 4 socisty that IS SO sol.
iSitious 81 their enjoy ynnent 1 hs
Christian Endeavorefs hold ti1el1
4 prayer meeting every Wednes'
si,p evening Il The Presbyterian
Churc Every body Is invited.
The Lafayette advertiser. [volume] (Vermilionville [i.e. Lafayette], La.) 1865-19??, 1901-01-19
. BUILDING AND LOAN
DIRECTORS.

The shareholders OF the l,afa-
yette Building Association elected
directors for the current year, last
Tuesday evening. There was a
good attendance at the meeting
and 4 spirited contest over the cleo
ton the count Of votes developing
the fact that no less than sixteen
candidates were in the field. The
following named persons having re-
ceived majority over all other
competitors we're declared to be
duly elected to compose the Board
of Directors: b. N Corona, Ju-
liam Nouton, A. B. Dendo, {, D
Caffery, B j. Pellerin, 6. y. Mou-
ton and Louis Lacoste.
The Directors-efect held meet
ing subsequently and appointed
the following officers for the cur
rent year: Chas. O Mouton, pres
ident; A. b. Denbo, vice-presI-
dent; d, Schwartz, secretary; p.
r. Parkefson, treasurer
This Association is now enter
inR its second year Of existence
and bids fair to become one OF La
iayettes most powerful adjuncts u
exte1( spirit of pfugresss
and m dse elopetieJt VI r. which onf
people 4 ~ inpregnad
The Lafayette advertiser. [volume] (Vermilionville [i.e. Lafayette], La.) 1865-19??, 1901-01-19

Choice Thimoty Hay Carload
so zice Bran, Weat Bran. Oats at
Gallery
The Lafayette advertiser. [volume] (Vermilionville [i.e. Lafayette], La.) 1865-19??, 1901-01-19
NOTICE.

Lafayette, La. Jan. 18th. 1901.
Teachers desirous Of applying
lor the position Of Second Assis-
tant in the Lafayette High School
will take notice that competitive
examination will be held for that
purpose Thursday Jan. 3Ist. 1901,
at 5 o clock p M, at the Lafa-
yette Primary School.
IL. G.. WALLIS. Supt
The Lafayette advertiser. [volume] (Vermilionville [i.e. Lafayette], La.) 1865-19??, 1901-01-19
BUTCHER MOUTON

Miss Aida Mouton was married
Monday to Mr. Frank Butcher at
ICarencro Miss Rose, sister to
the bride acted as bridesmaid, and
Mr.. w Butcher was best man.
The bride IS daughter ef Mr.. F.
Emile Mouton and IS most ac-
complished young lady Numer-
Gus and beautiful presents we're
given the happy young people
The ADVERTISER is pleased to cx-
tend congratulations.
The Lafayette advertiser. [volume] (Vermilionville [i.e. Lafayette], La.) 1865-19??, 1901-01-19
I FERDINAND qUMDEL & Co.
Cotton Factors and Com
mission Merchants, 812Per-
dido st. New Orleans, La.
We make liberal advan.
ces on consignments.
Correspondence soIieited.-Represented by Wm
Pellerin.

Miss Lea Gladu entertained that
charming circle, the Tea Club, at
a Mndelson evening last Tuesday,
from four to six The program
consisted as follows: Song With
out Words by Miss. Mudd; "Lifa
of Mendelson' by Miss Ramsey;
"Morning Song" by Mrs. Davis;
and "spring Song by Miss Gladu.
At FIVE o'clock delightful lunch
was served by the hostess. The
club will meet next with Mrs. Le-
rosen.
There will be services at the
Pre- sbyter rian Church on next Sab
bath at IL a. m, and 7:3o p. nj.
Sabbath School at o:45, Prof. K.
c. Greig supt. Y.PS SEE. We'd
nesdav evening at 1880.
Divine services at Methodist
Church, every Sunday at II a. M,
and 7: 80 P. m. c. c. WEIR,
Pastor.
The Racket store has always on
hand a complete stock Of general
merchandise.
Do you need Insurance? Write.
call on or phone up J. R. Dom
engeaux.
Wheat bran for sale at Tanner s
The Racket store is the place Ia
make your purchases. Come early
and avoid the rush
Insurance in Fire, Life or Acct
dent by r Domenpeaux
The Lafayette advertiser. [volume] (Vermilionville [i.e. Lafayette], La.) 1865-19??, 1901-01-19
EXCURSION TOMORROW.

a cheap excursion will be, run
to New Orleans from Lafayette to-
morrow. Fare for round trip $2,I5
Train leaves Lafayette at $50 a.
M, returning leaves the city at
10 p. m.
The Lafayette advertiser. [volume] (Vermilionville [i.e. Lafayette], La.) 1865-19??, 1901-01-19

Mrs. Or. DucfOq OF Latou1cne
Crossing visited her family during
the week returning Thursday. Or.
A. R. Trahan accompanied her as
far as Thibodsaux.
Tomorrow Sunday will be Civ
en- grand ball at the Maitre pavll-
lion, at Coonville, a good time is
promised all those attending.
-"Other Peoples Money at
FaIk's Opera House, Wednesday
Jan. 23rd.
Gus Lacoste is now offering to
the public, Stalk Cutters, Plows,
Cultivators, Planters and other far
ming implements.
The enterprising lumber man,
Mr.. E. H. Vor 1enbaumen, was in
town several days of this week.
MIR. jules Jeanmard. of the Car
encro Refinery was in Lafayette
Tuesday.
-"Prisoner of Algiers' at Falk' 5
Opera House, by Chas Tolson
Co., on Thursday night Jan. 24th.
inst.
Lacoste will receive
shortly car load Of buggies.
The very favorable grinding sea-.
son at Carencro will necessitate
more derricks and will force us to
enlarge our plant for next years
crop, so says Mr.. Jules Jeanmard,
of fthe Carencro Sugar Refinery Co.
The Advertiser acknowledges
with pleasure an invitation to at
tend the marriage of Miss Graziella
Francez, of Carencro, to Mr. Wal
ter Bailey Block, of New Orleans,
to-day at Carencro.
MIR. Armand Deffez visited Alex
andria during the week on business.
Mr.. J. A. Roy has purchased
the Nicholson farm near town fol
$II,4oo. This estate formerly
known as "Beau Sejour' and is a
very valuable track of land.
For want Of space this week the
zAkiseEtiser regrets not being able
81 publishing the proceedings of the
School Board.
Berthelot and Guidroz
have purchased the S. Broussard
& Bro blacksmith shop at Car
encro and will start business on
Jan. oath, inst. The Advertiser
wishes the new management good
luck in this new venture.
tTIhe Prisoner OF Algiers. ad
vertised for the 24th. inst to occupy
the boards at the Opera House
comes to this town very highly
recommended. From the : Press
clippings, it is a very good show
Let US quote you close figures
on dry goods, shoes, hats, silks,
dress goods, etc.-Rackct store.
Shelled Corn for sale at Tanners
Rev. T. K. Funt lie Roy, 0
Opelousas, will occupy the pulpi
at the Methodist Church Sunday ii
the morning and in the evening.
Mrs. Crow Girard entertained
the Epworth League Friday eve
ming. The program consisting ii
songs, recitations and reading.
seliable vaccine virus at til,
Moss PHARMACY.
There will be a vacancy in thu
corps Of teachers Of the Lafayet,,
High School on account Of til,
resignation Of the second assistant
Miss Lizzie Mudd. See notice Q
the Superintendent Of Public Edu
cation in this issue of the Adver
tiser.
The Lafayette advertiser. [volume] (Vermilionville [i.e. Lafayette], La.) 1865-19??, 1901-01-19

The school demands the best of
a teachers life for ten or twenty Of
the choicest years. No competent
teacher in this state should be
teaching for less than $40 per.
month and the average should be
$50 at the very lowest The
School Moderator
The Lafayette advertiser. [volume] (Vermilionville [i.e. Lafayette], La.) 1865-19??, 1901-01-19
MARDI-GR AS NHf1

MARDI-GRAs BAf
There viii be grand masque-
rade ball at Falk's Opera House
on Mardi- Gras.
Phone up J. R. Domengeaux
70 Insurance in either Fire. Ii
fe or Accident.
Timothy Hay for sale at Tanner 5.
Clothing Clothing Cloth irg
at the Racket Store.
The Lafayette advertiser. [volume] (Vermilionville [i.e. Lafayette], La.) 1865-19??, 1901-01-19
RIGULS HOTEL
RE-OPENED.

This famous SOUTHWEST La,
hostelry has been se-opened and
will be managed by the proprie-
tress, Mrs. NJ. F. Rigues. The
travelling public will receive with
approval such good news as with
Mrs. Rigues again as manager is
an assurance of the excellence of
the cuisine and a thorough man
agement OF a first class hotel.
The Lafayette advertiser. [volume] (Vermilionville [i.e. Lafayette], La.) 1865-19??, 1901-01-19

Give US earnest, pure -heartes
broad d-minded, solidly af'<i liberal
IL educated men and women Tor
our teachers, and our most yexlng
educational problems would solve
themselves. 81 lorida oshoo'
Exponent.
The Lafayette advertiser. [volume] (Vermilionville [i.e. Lafayette], La.) 1865-19??, 1901-01-19

8ats. Caps. Capes in men, boys
aud children sizes at the Racket
The Lafayette advertiser. [volume] (Vermilionville [i.e. Lafayette], La.) 1865-19??, 1901-01-19

Insurance in Fire, Life or Acci-
dent by J R Domengeaux.
The Lafayette advertiser. [volume] (Vermilionville [i.e. Lafayette], La.) 1865-19??, 1901-01-19
MRS. LUCIEN ROY.

Died of pneumonia at the resi-
dence of her husband on Friday
morning Jan 18th Mrs. Lucien
Roy, Deceased leaves fond hus-
band and six small children to
mourn her loss. To the bereaved
family the Advertiser offers its full
sympathy.
x. of P. Lodge attended the
funeral of Mrs Roy, her husband
being a member of above lodge
Mr.. Henry Guidry, the popular
young mixologist and caterer, who
for several years had been in the
Of Mr.. c. P. Moss, few
days ago purchased from that
gentleman one-half interest in his
saloon and restaurant bus mess. !
La this transaction, Mr.. Moss gives
evidence of appreciation of the
services of a worthy employee and
the confidence he reposes in him.
We wish the firm continued pros
perity. New iberia Enterprise.
"'Mr Guidry has many friends
n Lafayette who are pleased to
wish him good luck in this new
business venture.
The Lafayette advertiser. [volume] (Vermilionville [i.e. Lafayette], La.) 1865-19??, 1901-01-19
The Racket Store is still head
quarters for all grades Of goods.

Fragrant as ripe fruit-Pure as a
mountain spring Hoary with age
and a blessing to men when rightly
used-that's HARPER WHIsKEy!
SOLD BY L. Domengeaux, O. D.
.Fontenot, Pelterin Bros. Lafayette,
La.
The Racket Store is pleased to
announce that its goods are still
being sold at low prices.