davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily morning journal and courier., 1901-12-07
IN. AND ABOUT THE COURTS
YESTERDAY SHORT CALENDAR #
 DAYIN SUPERIOR COURT.
Demurrer Argued-Force Clatms a New Trial-AIleged Thieves Bound Over Matters In the Common Pleas and City Courts.

It was demurrer day in the short cal endar of the superior court yesterday. Judge Shumway listened to hours ot argument. Many of the cases were very old.
 Among them were the second trial of Gallagher vs. Button, a damage suit for fall from a fire escape down. town; the report in the case of the town of Branford vs. Bishop was ac- cepted; Mcclure vs. Cox, the damage case for the prevention of the erection of bath houses at Savin Rock by an injunction, was argued, as was the res- toration of that long distance runner, Egerton vs. Starin, to the court docket from the jury docket; and motion for special bail in Reynolds vs Dwyer, $2, 900 assault case from Wallace street; demurrer was entered to the second defense in the Kimberly avenue bridge matter; and motions were argued to make pleadings more specific in the Walp Shoe company case vs. Lamkin &s Foster
 A bond of $75 to prosecute was order ed in the alienation of daughters affec- llOIS SulC OI IOTI1ley NS. SUolSiio' iHio is the down town case in which James Gormley wants $1O,000 from his father in-law, William Costello, for inducing Mrs. Gormley to leave him soon after their marriage.
 A small dividend, Is per cent, was reported by the receiver in the rece yer ship case of the Connecticut Auxiliary Fire Alarm company.
 A bond of $75 to prosecute was order ed in the case of Phelps vs. the local trolley company In this sut the plain tiff seeks to recover heavy damages for being struck by a trolley car on Kim berly avenue bridge.
 SOME FORECLOSURE MATTERS.
 In foreclosure matters in the superior court yesterday these cases were taken up:
 Gorham ct all vs. O'Donnell, s1O00 on Summer place. judgment taken for the first Monday in 1902.
 Ludington vs. Smith, $2,000 on Sher- land avenue, judgment for the first Monday in January.
 Cooperative Building bank vs. Ken nedy ct als., 5000 on Daggett street.
 Clayton vs. McKeon, s4,OO0 on proper ty in Milford.
 Hollister trustee, vs. Gillen, $1,50O on property on Frank street.
The daily morning journal and courier., 1901-12-07

One of the leaders in the 2 IS XXI rib heavy all-woofs i'd toe, a 5oct Stocking in ij|
 30cts a pair, or 3 pairs f8 Women's extra heavy fast black coj
 ings, full regular made, Fl Women's extra heavy fast black III
 Stockings, full regular made, Fl
The daily morning journal and courier., 1901-12-07
In the Stocking Section.

store Saturday is this lot of childre Stocking with double knee, heel a detail of finish as well as quality,
 Women's Fine Black Cashmere Stockings, a
 5oct quality, 55cts, or pairs for $l % Boys axl and Ixl rib heavy fast black cot
 ton Stockings, 75ct value, I2Hcts Pair
The daily morning journal and courier., 1901-12-07

How Are Your Kidneys vs|s N Dr. Hooss' Snaragus Pills cure all kiduer iIii "in FrAa add ~tT-'inp Pana5v Cn.. Chirn9X &isI |!
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18

on a small man TO beat HIN. H,
refer, he said, to horse play and n
jokes, but to mob violence and n
brutality.
81 think the senator will be "a
interjected Mr.. Proctor, one 81 NJ
bers of the military affairs cc-3
when he sees the. West Point VI
VIII be reported in a day or tvI'
Mr.. Money. continuing, said: 4
do not want to stop at the WI
officer or Instructor at West Pdz|
countensnces Or winks at this ],
Of hazing ought to be dishorors
charged from the service.
Mr.. Bate (Tenn.) opposed tns
bill, not only because 1t conisrs
the president authority which ea
be carried only by congress. 2
because It created a permanent I
army OF 100000 men. He ursN
the regular army was Increase
600 men 1t would never be req
strength. as all powerful inlusiA
c!al and political, would WORK "
the reduction. The building "
army and the authority coniefai
the president bv this bill, ke ~
the longest strides ever tagea
country towards 'fnperi''lsm
without proceeding further Y
army bill. the senate. at 400
motion of Mr.. Foraker, went Z
ecutive session and at $40
journed.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18

Major ". B. Jest and Nr. Halsell twnose
Initials I aiss forgst). all Of whon re-
aide * Farmers Branch. Texas Aes rs.
poDham and Ferguson were tenanfs on
The farm ard produced the wheat wn en-
was delivered TO Mr.. G.hSs, as rent agd
this wheat was sold by MIR uio5e az
Haisei
Il is no. pleasant 70 be compelled to
make public statement Of my private
business anaiss. and IL IL s;ill more dis
agreeable 70 be compelled 70 state ths
private business affairs Of oiher gent e.
men. ba. man can not stand upol a
question II that kind he1 hiI
Integrity IS assalled. and Ia e
deemed Il duty 10 myseH,
asy frieads AMI most OF all, TO
my party ami 30 ny State to trace every
dollar Of the money paid for and received
from the land cattle. hSses and mules
purchased By me from Mr.. Gib1s so that
no honest man can misunderstood the
iiransacticn and no sccundrel can ever
successfully misrepresent 81.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18
QUAY IS A SENATOR.
ere Was Considered Enthusiasm and o
PrOfusiJR Of Flowers.
SENATOR MONEY DENOUNCED HszlNG AGA \
He Said Army officers Who Per-
mitted the Practice should Be
DishonorabIy Discharged.

Washington. January 17.-Matthew
Stanley Quay. reelected yesterday as
senator from Pennsylvania, today took
the oath Of Office. Mr.. Quay has been
assigned TO the second seat in the back
row on the republican side, the degG for
merly occupied by Mr.. Hanna OF Ohio.
An hour before the senate convened
beautiful floral tributes began TO be Piled
on and around the senator's desk ~
the time the senate was called TO order
the messengers had found it impossible
TO place to advantage any more OF the
iioGal offerings, Net in the history OF
the senate has a single senator been the
beautiful in themselves and lay.shly elao-
crate in their arrangement, as the
Pennsylvania senator received today One
handsome piece was huge keystone arcn
Vi white immortelies, the keystone being
OF deep red .nmorteies. II was several
fee- ia he.Sar. The flowers came to The
capitol literary by the WagonlOad and i
was found impossible to display all OF
lAem in the senate chamber. Many OF
taem were allowed to remain In the cor
r.dors.
Just before the senate convened Nj.
Quay entered the chamber. As ne was
recognized by his friends tremendous up
plause swept over the crowded galleries.
II was prolonged for full half minute.
Meantime Mr. Quay was receiving the
cordial congratulations OF his colleagues
on the floor OF the senate. BY this time
the senate chamber was thronged by sem
siors and others entitled TO the privilege
Of the floor of the senate Scores OF
members of the house had come to the
senate side of the capitol to witness the
induction of Mr.. Quay into office. among
them practically the entire Pennsylvania
delegation.
As soon as the senate had convened Mr..
Penrose presented the credentials OF Mr..
quay aud requested that the oath OF nf-
nee be administered to his colleague
AS no objection was offered, Mr.. Penrosr
escorted Mr. Quay to the desk OF the
president pro tempore. Mr.. Frye. he
fore taking the oath Mr. Quay shook
hands cordially with Mr. Frye.
Consideration OF the army bill was re.
sumed MIR. Money CAIiss) speaking in OBJ.
position to the measure. He attacked
That portion Of the bill which confers
npon the president discretionary power
TO increase the strength of the army ms
an ahdication OF authority by congress
that W4s unwarrsnted and inexcnsahle.
MI money adverted vigorously to The
practice OF hazing at the West Point mil
ltsry academy, declaring it must h,
stopped or <he institution must be aboI-
lshed' he said nobody could induce hin,
70 neheYe that the way to make a good
suiuief vas 10 set a great big bully
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18
STILL RlOTlNG IN KENTUCKY
SCORES or ARMED MEN ARE LOOK
ING FOR EACH OTHER.
TO the scene-One OF the
whites Mny Die.

CorSn, Ky. January i7.--This place has
been al a high pitch of anxiety, rather
than OF excitement tonight. Reports
we're received Of armed men masslng out
side OF the town, representing the fac
tons in the feud that caused so much
trouble las; night. The special train
win groops from Lexington Is due at 81
a. IN. and then there will be very much
relief
No attempt was made today to clear
the debris OF the Waite building,
wrecked last nigh; by dynamite Every
one kept within doors. fearing further
trouble between the Shotwells and
Whites before the troops arrive. Friends
Of The Sn0twells searched every train
tonight Tor certain OF the WhItes, here
and at Williamsburg. II was during
these proceedings that Judge Morrow
asked Governor Beckham for troops.
Fifty Of the Chatwells from Clay county
came to Grsys 5sltson tonight. there
Joining The 9aotwei csction. Sheriff Sut-
ton has sworn in a very large force OF
depu 4cz. The Shouwells occupy she hills
near Une town, while The White forces
are mostly in COr0in. All the residences
are barrioaaei There has been some re-
lleI Since hJtQ Mllee ain tNaitiEb NAiNO
we're arrested and taken to Williamsburg,
the county seal. Roch White is crippled
and VIII lose bo1h eyes rs the result OF
the explosion. 1t is believed he can not
recover Raleigh White has Just returned
from service in the Philippines.
While the trouble between the two
families was preciutated ~ kaie
White killing old man Slotweh, ye. l.
had been brewing many years.
Mary shotwell and Y5ung White have
teen engaged, and Notwithstanding he
laot that her father is dead, she e<-
presses sympathy FOR White. Mrs. White.
mother Ct the White boys, Il over o
years OF age, and is in a serious condl-
( ton tonight.
Las. night after the wrecking OF
Wa!te's Restaurant a woman was shot b.
stray bullet. Early this evening a
number OF mountaineers, who were I'M
kE,wn in Cornin, rode TO the outskirts o.
town and fred their WInsheste.s and
then ,cde away.
Sheriff Sutton made an attempt today
to arrest the ShotweEs, but was held IF
At the point or rifle, he stated that
he Will arrest all the boys tomorrow
when the troops arrive AMI he wi / have
over 100 deputies OF his own The Sh IT.
wells viii be charged with bl.Ei4s up
the White restaurant. Goodman was ar
rested today.
4 \ pBolic meeting q. the town hall to-
night was addressed by he ministers Ind
Others. All was quiet UP to midnight to-
night
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18
LEGISLATIVE.

kyis's bill 70 rto-zaalze tae Ranger
ioae viii be iavorasly Eeported TO u.
aoase.
hennedy bsii cutting Of passes aad re-
dacIng railroad fare was postponed.
The investigating committee decided
tsat the M,Faii charges had nothing TO
rest on and ziii make report 50 stating.
The saaa,e passed TO engross1nent ne
pc!i FAX bill. siGetrscked the anti-free
pass bill; sagrvssed bill authorizing aa-
sorpuon OF the G.. W. ana -. VI ea.
crossed bin giving tine 70 railroad COM
Fas!es TO ecmplese tae.r Tines.
The n-nse passed bills originating - the
senate: snrros-ed BIZ prohibiting private
games o. cards for money.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18
MOVEMENT OF OCEAN VESSELS

No Nortolk VI. January l7.-Sailce. Maueols.
funia Gorda. Fla.-Arriyod: seboor.e
Alice +. Clark tAm.l. from Galveston ~
Pert Eads, La,--Arrived: Montrauk fpr
IRON london FL Norte tAm.}. from Nsw
norf cSnus (Am). from New York. Noun,
heya' tRrl from shields; Bags al CRY
from Hampurg Leon tNorl. from Port n.
mon. Sailed; Eurona (Br.) for Bristol Via
Newport News; &c rye W. Kelly (Am1. fo-
l. hSsloG via Be..Se and Pors Rarr,ca. sti,I
water tAml for Puerto cortez via Belize
iroin Galveston '1'f'
soltertam.-Arriyed: Poebe tsrl. from
NorS--ssllea Alamo. for Galveston
me L.EEard-Pasred: Adalia t9rA. from
GelVeat for Hamoarg.
New York. Arrived: steam vaeb. prtu,
ES,ln N.ltofia Louise from Hamburg
gov ''N"i "'Ss'
SABINE, Texas, January l7-sailed: Nor.
wcgian steamer Gyler. for Coatzacoalres
Arrived; Italian bark Frobilh. Gazxolo
, , Genes schooner Lizsie II. Patrick
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18
COMMERCIAL.

Spot cotton closed lis W al HveFpooi
lie down a. Hu ton aud Galveston and
unchanged elsewhere.
May wheat closed 3-s 10 IL lower corn
ana oats i-e 10 SIS higher and provisions
unchanged 20 - hixder
Spectators in the stock market we're
extremely nervous: the market closed
with some violent breaks.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18
DOMESTIC.

yIiss Alta Rocketelier. daughter Of John
D. Rcckefeiler. vas weddei 20 z. p.
Prentice AZ New York.
senator TSrne SAYS the siiTs- rspub-
acans viii abandon their party organiLa-
ZION ard 10 the demeeratz- ~
The National Live stock association VII
memorialize the senate against tho pass
age OF the Groat bill.
Some interesting testimony was brought
our az the hazlng invest CATION.
The safe militia hss been ordered out
to qusu riot IN Kentuaky.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18
LOCAL.

some matters IN bankruptcy.
W. a. Mal:n beeomes the Lessee Of the
former Lawlor hotel.
An impetus to be glvea the po*lns
monument enterprise
81. c. smith o, the Smith Premier Type
writer company tells Of the evolution N
typewriting machines.
A Houston committee goes TO washing
ton ,n the deep water interest.
The cost Of pipe Tor a pipe line to the
Beaumont oil we'll.
some interesting deals in real estaie'
The annual mask bali by the Houston
Saengerpund.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18
aTATfs.

The ars; carload 0, csbbsss was shipped
out Of Corpus Carlst.
Gorsrnor sayers has announced large
number o, appointments.
1ne MasgoraA Rice company las
doubled its capital stock.
secrstsfy o. state Hardy Vigorously
denies ex5rs.tan: charges IN his aepars-
msnt
An aged fisherman. badly wounded, vas
fouad near veiasco after having erarled
four miles.
A oeburne divine has entered silt for
MS salary.
John Grims.nger Q, San Antonio was
murdered and an effort made 10 burn his
name.
People OF Galveston are indignant be-
causo the squaaron has been ordered not
to touch al inst port.
rae Beaumon, oil well ha, been so''sn
under control.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18
NATIONAL EDITORIAL ASSOCIATION
VIII Hold Its Next Meeting ut Buff
fpIo June 10

Indianapolis. Ind. January 17.-The ex-
ecutlve committee Of the National Edi-
torial association with fifty members
from dhirty States met here today and
nxe1' the next convention place at Buffalo.
June 10.
The convention will last four DAYS.
Among the subjects to be discussed are
k.The Law Of LIBEL" Judge W. f. Ramsey
~ Cleburne. Texas; Indus rial Educa-
ticn,' Judge h. v Grubbs, GreenyiEe
Texas; Textiles of journalism" Il. K
Mayer Mississippi; How to Solicit. Sc
cure Create and Retain Business" W B.
Fclsom, Arkansas.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18
WaIkorcr for cnIInn,.

shlnsheld H., January 1.-THE conte,,
among repuei san candidates :or the United
s'atcs s'ns,e came 10 an unexpected clo,a
looay by tho announcement tsat ex-Govsrno-
Tanner ana Aessrs. Cannon, Hit ana pr,nsa
hae M.ihcrawn from The race leaving me-.
ens tnlled states SenStor cullor wsiI.
aif hs VS. named by the caucus tonight
~ she etnMcates ana their friends arroe6
nat J. would be difficult. N not irnoass;s,.
70 defeat Senator culom, 'ssss'e>
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18
Postal Bill Discusssi.

Washington, January Ht--iN
without preliminary business 81
committee OF the whole. NJ Z
CMass.) in the chair. and i'p'
consideration of the bill 70 MI
ccdify the postal laws Of y
States. Il
Mr.. Loud (Cal.), in charge % \
made a brief explanation OF tas N
of the measure. After consias..,
cussion the point of no W.
raised and the house edjourle
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18
Within En- Route.

Lexington, Ky, January l7.-Robsrt D.
Williams, co,onel OF the Second Kent 4csv
state Guards ao1ng on orders from the
s,jutart general to1ight took complly
N, infantry, and battery A, artillery, u
Corbin over the CAesspeai and Ohio
railroad Sixty-dye men went.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18
CONGRESS-.

Tue seuaie continued tho consideration
Of me army reorganization biii; seaaior
Money sesin denounced hazinE a. West
Point.
The hose considered bill to revise
and ee0sfy the roslal laws
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18
UPHoLDS BURNING.
Hon. Temple Houston Says Aexan.
der's Fate Was Just.

Kansas CITY No, January i7.-Hou. Tenn
pis Houston OF Texes, who is now in mis-
cFy' upho.ds the burning Of the negro AIer.
ANGER a. Leayenworlh, and SAYS Inc mn
SSrers OF Jennie Bosschieter at patterson
y j., should meet like ia G.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18
URINARY OF ToDAY's IMPORTANT NEWS.
TRaSsyAAn.

Kitchsner Is Dussine the wives Of Roer
sold ers on short rattons 10 ioree their
husbands 70 surrender.
Lord Roberts has issued = s,irrirE sr-
peal for 500 volunteers tor South Africa
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18
WASHINGTON,

TIE bastlsship Kearsarzs unsy se cent
10 venerusls. the trouble there iS said 70
be growing more serious.
Republican senaors arc anxioos TO ret
tbs calendar csanred before the end Of
the session.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18

Al the conclusion OF Mr.. Bailey's tes-
'imony the committee went into secutlye
session Tor about fifteen minutes.
When the committee returned Attorney
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18

TO PREVENT TIE -,
Lax5tlve Bromo-Quinlne
cause.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18

Mr. Bailey then asked to be sworn.
and after taking the oath made his state
ment 10 the committee. He started by
telling how. at the instance Of DA r.
FYancis. he had become interested in
the waier-Pierce matters. Mr.. Pierce
told him that be was having trouble IN
remaining in Texas and that the impress.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18

twenty Of the best life been devoted TO
eases OF men ana sue cssEu because have
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-01-18

to the committee that he had been down
TO see Mr.. McFali and found him quite
feeble and unable TO come out and that
McFall had said that It was unnecessary
TO delay the proceedings on his account,
as he knew nothing that could swear to
for the information of the committee.
Rock Island Argus., 1901-07-18
Our SUN a Small One.

The sun is about 81, 900 900 miles of.
The only way of measuring the dis
tance of fixed star is by parallax, and
scarcely more than half a dozen can be
estimated that way. Suppose the sun
is here, in space, on Jan. l. On July 1
he VIII be 1S4, ,OO0, 900 miles over there.
This is the base of measurement. The
observer who wants to estimate the
distance of, say, the star A Centauri
notes its position with regard to the
next star. In six months he notes
again, and IL they are separated by q
different distance a so called parallax
is established, and some calculation
can be made of the distance of the
nearest one. In the most favorable
cases this parallax is extremely slight
What is the sun made Of? The lines
of the spectrum give an idea of his
chemical properties. but beyond that
all is hypothesis. His substance. as a
whole, is of much lighter material than
the earth, but yet there may be hard
and heavy fiery pudding inside, for
there is light and thick outer coating,
named the ph0fosphere. Outside this.
refining away to an unknown distance.
is the chromosphere, of hot air, so to
speak. The spots are riffs through the
photosphere. coming and going, and
some are so large that our whole earth
could be shot right through, with
thousand miles to spare all around.
When total eclipse covers the sun,
flames to the height of thousands of
miles are seen out of the photosphere.
The sun is hundred times larger than
the earth, an easy thing to say, and yet
our sun is believed to be rather small
one. For instance. Sirius is at least
nine times as big.-Imperial.
Rock Island Argus., 1901-07-18
NOW HE Is "UP TREE"
Farmer Who Worked n Little Game on All
His Hands.


Durand. Mich. July 1S.-One OF the
most prosperous farmers in this vicin-
Try il up a tree" for laborers. He
employs many hands in the summer
and up to Saturday evening he kept
sixteen men busy this spring. Last
Wednesday the employer went TO one
o. the men and said he would give
him ~ cents extra If he would see
that the remainder of the men kept at
work and pushed the hayilg along.
The employe agreed. His task was an
easy one. as all of the hands worked
with n will and did more work than
ever before.
The same wls the case Thursday
and Friday. and the man with the ex-
tra quarter TO his wages congratulated
himself. Saturday morning the secret
leaked out. The men got 10 talkin.
together and the one mentioned before
said he had made 1J cents extra that
week Another man said he had. too.
and soon there was Il general talk
among the men Of the extra they had
made.
1t soon dawned upon them that each
man had been promised - cents day
extra to see that the others worked.
They had done IL all right, but were
mad at themselves and employer.
Work was slack on that farm Satur-
day. and that evening they sought new
pastures.
Rock Island Argus., 1901-07-18
Big Epworth Gathering in
San Francisco Begins
Its Session.
MANY ADDRESSES MADE
len Thousand Join Voices
In a Service of
Song.

San Francisco, July IS The vast
auditorium of Mechanics pavilion was
crowded to overflowing today when
the EPworth League convention of
l9Ol was called to order. The hall
seating capacity is 10000, every seat
was occupied, and standing room was
at premium. The auditorium was
tastily decorated with flags and bunt-
ing. Promptly at 2:30 Chair
man Filben raped the convention
to order, and after a short address
the entire concourse Joined in q song
service led by Robert Husband. De-
votional exercises led by Rev. Judson
Hill followed. after which came the
addresses of welcome by Gov. Gage,
Mayor Phelan, Bishop Hamilton and
Rev. j. C. Symonds, of Woodland.
The Responses.
The response in behalf of the Meth
odist Episcopal church was made by
Bishop L. W. Joyce, of Minneapolis;
in behalf Of the Methodist Episcopal
church south, Rev. H. M. Dunose,
Nashville; the Methodist Episcopal
church, Canada. by Rev. James Hen
derson, of Toronto. and the Colored
Methodist Episcopal church by A A.
Carter, OF Atlanta.
Rock Island Argus., 1901-07-18
QUAIL" AND PARTRIDGE"
Do They Both Mean the Same Bird? IL n
Burning Question.

Lebanon, Ills, July 1S.-PersOns in
-tereSted in the protection of quail in
Tlliiiois. speciffeH hIefititn of which was
omitted through clerical error from
the law passed by the late legislature.
nave appealed to Professor =. A
Forbes, director of the state laboratory
of natural history at the State univer-
s!ty. upon the use of the name part
ridge as applied to the common quail.
Their contention is that the names
partridge and quail are used synony-
mOusly to designate the same we'll
known Illinois bird, more Familiarity
known as bob white.
The opinion of Professor Forbes is
favorable to this claim. He says:
Both the namtS, partridge and quail,
are derived originally from English
usage. We have neither of these gem
era in America. All recognize the fact.
however, that both quail and part
ridge are used in common speech as
applying to the species otherwise called
bod white"