New-York tribune., 1901-01-06

When the nineteenth century began the
United States of limited territory. hanked
by England on the north. Spain on the south
and France on the west. storm-swept coast on
the east, and hostile and ubiquitous host OF
aborigines in midst. The necessaries of life
were still directing the energies of the early
settlers almost entirely to agricultural pursuits
and to supplying by the quickest methods the
| immediate wants of food and shelter II is not
surprising. then, that most of the notable steps
of invention at this time should have been taken
in foreign lands. AS however the American
people were quick 20 appreciate and adopt any,
thing OF practical value. and as in later years
United States patents have been quite generally
taken for the most important granted through
out the world, these foreign inventions have be-
come working assets of industrial progress in
the United States which cannot be ignored in
any estimate of the causes OF it's growth.
In the very beginning of the first decade
Louis Robert. of France devised machine
for making continuous webs of paper which
rendered the web perfecting printing press pos
sibe; jacquard. also of France invented a pat
tern loom. Somewhat later. Trevithick an Eng
iishman. built the first steam locomotive; and
Winsor, his countryman organized the first gas
company.
STEAM NAVIGATION ESTABLISHED.
In own land, Colonel John Stevens ano
Robert Fulton successfully established steam
navigation and laid the foundation for the pres
cnt great commerce and splendid naval equip
ment of the world.
In the second decade QS1O-'2M K0nigs
rotary steam press marked great advance in
printing; Stephenson built his first locomotive:
Fulton built the first steam war vessel:
Sir Humphry Dayy invented the safety lamp,
the English engineer Brunei supplied in civil
engineering notable improvements i'm the meth
DDS OF driving subterranean and submarine tun-
nels; the American ship Savannah
utilized steam for the first time Tor crossing tht.
atlantic, and Blanchard invented his lathe for
turning Irregular forms.
In the third decade uS20-3O Faraday con-
Vefted 'he electrical current into mechanical
motion, and in experiments in the liuuefaction
ana solldincaton of gases laid tie f0undat ton or
the modern absorption ice noachnes: pins began
first public passenger railway was opened in
England between Stockton and DARLINGTON:
sturgeon invented the prototype of the electro
magnet; Professor Henry perfected the same
ana rendered IL effective for all useful purposes
| In the arts. Barlow's electrical spur wheel
Ohn's law of electrical resistance Becquerel's
double Huid galvanic battery, and Dal Negroes
| electrically operated pendulum marked other
hctable steps in the electrical field. Friction
matches We're introduced by John Walker, Neil
son hot blast for smelling iron was the greatest
or the early steps in metallurgy, Stephenson's
locomotive, the Rocket, took the prize for speed;
! the Stourbridge Lion imported and
| the first practical locomotive to be put to work
| IN America and Ericsson supplied the
steam fire engine.
ELECTRIC MOTOR INVENTED.
| In the third decade OS3O-'4o) the United States
began 10 show the fertility and resourcefuness
of Its inventors TO remarkable degree. Pro-
= fessor Henry telegraphed signals TO distant