The Montgomery advertiser., 1901-08-04
CORRECT ENGLISH F.
 AND HOW TO USE IT.
By Josephine Turck Baker.
ARTICLE III.
Aryan Family of Languages.

IL was Dy the SIuuy fl '1dAiSNi's NNN'N ( ancient language of the Hindoos) that the brotherh pod of Europf ans, Hindoos and Persans was revealed. A mark . ed similarity in certain words Tn the Hindoo, Persian. Celtic, ltaliC, HeiienlS, :. Teutonc and Slovenian language n- dicated that Europeans. Hindoos ana Persians had a common ancestry. ln the words of Max Muller. The lan- guages of all these branches or groups of peoples are akin-that is to say, they are descendants of one original tongue, once spoken in a limited locah- ty by a single community, but where or when it is impossible to say"
 Many words still live in India and England that have witnessed the first separation of the northern and south ern Aryans. and these witnesses are not to be shaken by any e<oss- examl- :. nation. The terms for God, Tor house. for father, mother. son, daught- CT, for dog and COW, for heart and 5, tears, for ax and tree, identical in all the Indo-European idioms, are like the watcbword of soldiers. We challenge . the seeming stranger, and whether he answer with the lips of Greek, German or an Indian Gnhabitant or India) We recognize him as one of our selves"
 Science of Philosophy.
 It is only within the last 100 years Asthat the science of phi!ology from the Greek phi O. ,ove: logus word) has been added to the worlds knowledge. This Is a historical science, as 1t reveals the , history of man himself In the words ' of William Dwight Whitney, "Pnllo- logy deals with human speech and with all that speech discloseS as to the nature and history of man." its prov ince is to trace the social. moral. in- tellectual and religious progress of the human race" It differs from the science of comparative philology Tn that the latter is a comparison Of lan- guages in order to ascertain what lan- guage is and how it came to be the a medium by which man expresses his thoughts so that while philology deals = with facts bearing upon the history or man and uses languages as means Of z investiga tion, comparative philology deals with the history of language It. self and is the sole object of scientidc inquiry. The great German scholar Schlege was one of the pioneers in the science of philology and was followed by Bopp G79D. who gave that won derful contribution to the new science known as "Bopps Comparative Cram ,> mar. that great cornerstone on which all modern linguistic science rests. In our own time the great German scholar Max Muller of Oxford University, and William Dwight Whitney. professor of comparative philolo.y in Yale Univer- sity. have given valuable contributions to the new science.
 The languages of Europe and India are only different forms of the original Aryan speech, and the sacred stories and myths have a common origin in d religion possessed by the forefathers of these same European and Indian branches. who dwelt centuries before in Central Asia.
 Very Meager Knowledge.-
 We find that our knowledge of the aboriginal inhabitants of Europe. India and Persia is very meager. We only know that in many instances the aborigines were either displaced by the branches of the Aryan family or were subjugated by them, with the excep- ton of those who inhabited the fast nesseS of mountainous regions. Thus tho Basques of the Pyrenees Mountains differed from the other inhabitants of N Spain in their language. customs and religion. They are supposed to be the descendants of a people who occupied much of Western Europe before the advent of the Aryan stock. The en- vironment of the Pyrenees Mountains prevented their eubjusation by the Aryans. The same conditions obtain in certain districts in the Caucasian 
 Russia. While the aborigines of Flu rope have been in the main displaced by the superior fair skinned" Aryans, in India we find that the comparatively pure descendants of these two stocks aborignes and AryanS-are now nearly equal in number, there being 1S,000,00 of each.
 Unless one knows something of the ethnological history of these two peo- pie in India he will have difficulty in understanding why the Epgishmen can affiliate with the Hindoo We are continually confronted with the Supe- Iiority and the wisdom of the occult teachings of the Eindoo. It is not tu the original inha bitants of India that we look for instruction, but to those descendants of that same Aryan stock from which we, the English speaking people, have descended. We might find difficulty in atiiiating with the Turk or the Arab. because each be- long to a different famiiy-the Turk to the Turanian, the Arab to the Semitic. Not so with the Hindoo and Persian. We may shake the hand of fellowship and feel the tic of kin ship for somewhere. at some time in the remotest past that tie of kinship was ours.
 Let us pay tribute to this wonderful science the science of philoogy, which has revealed to us our sacred brother hood
 l. The Celts formerly overran all Western E14geJD aPd populated much of Spain. France. Northern Italy, western part of Germany and the British Isles. They were called Gauls in France and Italy (The Gaelic race.)
 9 The Cymric. or the Cymri must not be confounded with the Cimbric or Cimbri. a people whose ethnologi6al position is unknown.
 3. It is supposed that Latin and Greek had a common origin in the Pelasgc group of languages. The Pelasgians were an ancient prehistoric race. They spread over Greece and the coasts. the islands of the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean.
 Errors of Careless Speaker.
 It is the careless speaker who says, "It is me" "It is her." Tt is him" in stead of Tt is l." Tt Is she" Tt is he" "Who is there?" The piping voice answers. Its me" It is an incorrect to say "It is me" as it Is to may Me Is there" Me wants to come in" The question. Who Is there?" calls for the nominative case-'I'-in the answer: "It Is l." meaning "I am there" not