Free press. [volume] (Hays, Kan.) 1888-1908, 1901-06-29
4 Recent Invention which VIII Make II
Much More Popular for All Kinds
of Clothing.

Very few women, probably not more
than ten in 100. and a still less pro-
portionate number of men, could an
swer off-hand the question why fine
linen has for several generations
been called lawn The child might
answer Because it is made on
lawn which is not only the simplest,
bat absolutely the correct answer to
the question.
During the middle ages Holland
was the seat of the bleaching in
dustry, the season lasting from
March to September, and the rough
linen being sent from England. Scot
land and other countries TO be whit
ened. For the word bleach is from
the German tbleichen" which means
''to whiten:" the word in French be-
ing blenchir,' meaning the same
thing. In those early days bleaching
was very slow process, consisting OF
giving the dark brown and rough
linen, filled with impurities. alternate
baths in alkaline and acid liquids,
with long exposures between them to
the sun and air. Some pieces were al
ways selected for special attention.
including the laying of them on we'll
kept grass plots, or lawns, from
which custom comes the name In
1749 the canny Scotch concluded that
they could do their own bleaching
considerably cheaper than the long
and very expensive Dutch way They
introduced the use of suiphuric acid
in place Of buttermilk. and a few
years later commenced to use chlorine.
But the greatest stem forward in that
day was made by Charles Tenant Of
Glasgow, Scotland when he intro
duced chloride of lime which has
been used ever since. But still the
process. compared with the advance
In other lines. is slow. requiring two
weeks TO properly bleach a piece OF
linen. and in bleaching it will lose
one-third Of its weight, while cotton
loses but one-twentieth of its weight
in bleaching
The greatest advance of all, how
ever; has been made very recently,
in fact since the dawn of the twenti-
eth century. This is in the discovery
of a starch which. after the linen is
properly bleached Will give it any
degree of stiffness which NAV be de-
sired without making ii brittle. Tt
has since being put on the market
been called the Defiance" starch
Why it was given such a name is not
known. unless it was on account of
its rendering defiance to old meth
DDS. The process of manufacturing
this starch has not been patented but
is being kept secret by the inventors
ard manufacturers. One of the great
est objections TO linen. whether used
as shirts, collars, cuffs or underwear,
has been that in order to give 1T
the required stiffness and finish 1t
has been necessary TO also make il
brittle And in addition 10 being un-
pleasant. this fact has MADE the wear
ing of linen much more expensive
than it otherwise would be on account
of its breaking. particularly at button
holes or wherever it was creased
With this newly invented starch the
objectionable bTittIeness and the
breaking is done away with. thereby
making the linen last longer as we'll
as being mere pleasant u wear Ow-
ing probably to the peculiar method
of manufacturing il the starch does
not require any cooking but car be
mixed 10 any degree of thickness de-
sired IN cold water and still be per
fectly smooth and free from all Jumps.
It is strange. considering tke-many
experts who have worked on the prob
lem for years. that such q starch was
not discovered long ago. bIlt like many
other things which are perfectly plain
and simple after once being known
i; remained for these latter years
to bring forth something for which
women especially and men wherever
they have found their shir-s or collars
full of rough edges and cracks have
been wishing Tor several generations.