Northern Wisconsin advertiser. [volume] (Wabeno, Wis.) 1898-1925, 1901-06-13
LONGEST DAY NEAR
BUT 1T NEED BY NO MEANS BE
THE HOTTEST.
AND THE REASON WHY
Heat Accumulates and Therefore
Much Depends on Radiation-Mest
Torred Hour Comes in Middle of
Afternoon - Gossip Abour the
Heavens.

Torred Hour Comes in MIDDLE of
Afternoon Gossip Abour the
Heavens.
The SUM- which at the beginning of
this month was very nearly % degrees
above the equator, will reach its
northern limit, the summer solstice,
in the afternoon of the 21st. He will
then enter the sign of Cancer, but the
constellation of Gemini. At the end of
the month he will be but Is seconds
south of the solstice, having thus in
course of the month traversed an arc
of rather less than 2 degrees north
6eclination. Even those who are
but little conversant with the science
of astronomy will readily understand
that the sun sheds more heat on
given surface of the northern hemis-
phere the more north it is of the equa-
tor, and so it should appear that on
the 21st of June, when it reaches its
maximum declination north, the day
should not alone be the longest but
also the hottest But this is not so.
If the sun sheds on given surface
more heat each day than the surface
loses by radiation, then the heat ac-
cumulates from day to day. This is
the case during the long days of sum-
mer, and more heat is gained than
lost till month or more after the
summer solstice. For like reason
| during the middle hours of the day
heat is received from the sun more
rapidly than it is lost by radiation, so
that the hottest hour is or o'clock
p. m.
Movements of the Planets.
Both inferior planets, Mercury and
Venus, are near each other, at first in
Taurus and later on in Gemini. Mer-
curry sets somewhat later than Venus.
| While the former of these two planets
is altogether in too close proximity
to the sun to be seen with the unaided
eye, Venus can be seen soon after sun
set lowering above the western hori-
zon. She revolves about the sun in
| about seven and half months, but
| her synodic period, or the time from
| one inferior conjunction to another,
is 5S4 days, or about 10 months. Her
mean distance from the sun is 69,000,-
| 600 miles, and since the eccentricity
| of her orbit is very small this distance
| is subject TO but small variation The
| apparent diameter of Venus varies
much more sensibly than that OF
! Mercury, owing to the greater varia
tion of her distance from the earth
| Mars is still in Leo and passes the
| meridian a little after o'clock in the
evening. Since it does not set before
IL O'Clock, it will present a bright OBJ
| ject of observation during the greater
portion of the evening The two
greatest planets of our solar system,
Jupiter and Saturn, are in the con
stellation of Sagittarius. The former
rises at first little before 9 o'clock,
but later on about SIS, in the even
ing; the latter but 10 minutes after.
The four principal satellites of Ju-
piter-a fifth and an extremely small
one was discovered but nine years
ago by Mr.. Barnard, at the Lick OBJ
servatory-are easily seen through a
telescope of moderate power, and
this satellite system of the great
planet presents a very interesting OBJ
ject to the observer. When seen
through small telescope they present
the appearance of minute stars,
ranged nearly in the direction of a
line coinciding with the planets equa-
tor. Their distances from the primary
are so small that they are included in
the field of telescope of moderate
power. The CONGREGATIONS of these
satellites are continually varying.
Sometimes they all appear on one
side of the planet. frequently not more
than two or three of the satellites are
visible, sometimes only one is visible
and a few instances are on record
when all four have been invisible for
a brief time. Uranus is in Scorpio
and Neptune in Taurus.
Changes in the Universe.
There is gradual and unceasing
change going on, not only in geograph-
ical boundaries, in the features of the
surface, in the customs and fashions
of people and nations, in objects that
pertain to the conveniences of life. IN
the social and political sentiments of
the people, but also throughout the
universe. It would be difficult to
mention anything in nature that is not
in some way or other subject to
change. 1t is true that since the time
of Ptolemy. the most famous of the as.
tronomers of ancient times. who -four
ished in the first part of the second
century of the Christian era. the
length of the day has not changed by
the hundredth part of second, but
the fact that the friction of the tides,