The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-11-26

| government and are subject TO its final action
put tho details Of framing aud administering tht
| laws ana regulations are left TO the representa-
tiNes in the colony Of tic home government.
| Sccohd-What share Of the administration
Mithin the colony Is conducted by representa-
| tiVcs OF the home government, and what share
| Is intrustcd to the natives In conjunction with
the representatives In the colony of the home
| government?
| The general administration Of government IN
| the colony Is performed by the governor and
| otncr executive officers and tho law.n,lkns
is Ivy the legislative bodies above described; but
| tle ueta'l' of administration arc largely ear
ticd out by the natives, in conjunction with,
and under the supervision Of. the direct repre-.
ch'a'ircs Of the home government. Local and
huhicipai legislation and administration is Left
| 10 'hc natives wherever practicable. and they
| are encouraged TO assume the duties of admins.
tcring law and order and improving and develop.
| ing the community.
"Thirtl-What steps are taken and methods ar-
pied TO improve the material. mental and moral
condition of tho people OF the colony?
'Iiic fist aud most important steps after the
development OF order arc the creation Of roads,
railways, tclcgraphs. steamship lines, and other
methods ot communication and transportation by
which the natural products Of the colony tan
| be sent to the markets OF the world, where they
Will lind ready sale. With this the native finds
his earning power increased, and with this in
crease OF earnings comes increased desire for the
comforts and convcnienccs Of civilization, which
| in turn are followed by better homes, education,
| newspapers, schools, churches and increased pow.
crs OF sclf.govcrnmcnt. The public works for the
development and improvement Of the colony are
usually created with funds raised by local taxa
ton or loans based upon future revenues, and
mt All nf
nor does the home government usually make it.
self responsible for the loans raised by the
colony.
"Fourth--Ilow are the habits OF industry and
thrift incucated among the natives and the
necessary labor supply obtained for the develop.
ment of industries which shall render the colony
sclf.supporting and its people prosperous?
''The methods above described, by which the
earning power of the native is greatly enhanced
aud his desire for the comforts OF civilization cor
tespondingIy increased. stimulate industry and
thrift. The dversfcaion of industries and the
individual ownership OF land by the natives also
develop habits of industry and increase their
earning power In those industries which ,c.
qnirc large establishments and steady labor sup.
ply. such as sugar. tobacco and coffee, or in the
construction of great public works part of the
labor supply has been in some colonies obtained
from other sources; but rule native labor,
when properly stimulated by the methods above
referred to. prove sufficient for the requirements
OF the colony.
"Fifth-Iiow are the necessary funds for the
conduct OF the colonial government raised. and
is any part OF sucl, funds supplied by the home
government?
''The funds for the conduct OF the colony are
raised by methods similar TO those utilized i'll the
more advanced communities of the world. In
most cases customs duties supply larger share
of the revenues than any other single item. In
few instances, notably India and Java, tie
ownership OF land is retained by the govern
mcnt. til" land being leased 10 the natives at a
low rental under leases usually renewable per-
pcully and a large share Of the revenue is
obtained from these sources. The colonies are re-
quired to raise sufficient revenue to meet all
thci. expenses, both of current administration
and permanent improvements, and in many cases
the railroads. telegraph lines, etc, are also
constructed from public funds are owned by the
colony.
'Sixth-The commercial relation between the
colony and the mother country: its ability to
supply the articles required in the home coun-
try and to absorb those produced for export b.
the mother country, and the extent to which the
tariff and other regulations between the colony
and the mother country adjusted to Gncour
age this mutual interchange.
''Thc principal productions Of the colony alc
usually materials and natural food products,
and these usually the principal inportatons
OF the mother country. The principal produc.
tions of the mother country are manufactures
and prepared food products, and these are also
the principal importaions Of the colony. This
is especially the case ii the colony is located in
the tropics and the mother country In the TEN.
pelatc zone. A free interchange Of products be.
tween the Two communities thus mutually de-
pendent upol each other for necessary supplies
and a necessary market for the surplus OF each
is therefore essential. This condition. coupled
with the growth OF facilities for cheap and
rapid transportation and inter.comniunicaton,
has led in many eases to the removal OF re-
strictivc tariffs between the mother country and
the colony for the encouragement OF the same
free Interchange between the colony and tho
mother country as that which exists between
tho states or provinces of the mother country
itself Specific articles. however, such as sugar,
for example, which the mother country pro-
duccs or may produce, arc excepted from 'hls
general system. This is especially true in coun'
tries having high tariff. In low tarin coul'
tries which already admit most Of the products
Of all countries free OF duty, the tariff icgula' |
tions naturally make Determinations relative |
TO the products of the colony, and those OF the
colony make no discrimination relative to the !
mother country, except in the case OF Canada, |
which grants to the products OF the United klls' |
dom and certain Of the British colonies retuc' |
a., l,i,,; in tariff