Arizona republican., 1901-03-18

y have been kept busy changing their
 maps to indicate the A CENTURY rapidly shifting boun, OF MAP dary lines between col MAKING. .onies and empires. A
 world map of one decade needed revision before the opening of the next. The evolution of the great powers of today constitutes the most interesting feature of the progress of the nineteenth century.
 The nineteenth century opened with those kaleidoscopic changes in the map of continental Europe which were brought about by the Napoleonic wars The boundaries of Europe, however, settled back to their normal lines with the exile of Napoleon to Elba.
 The great and permanent changes in the map of the world were not the re- suit of the revolutionary or the mill itary spirit. but rather the resultant of the dynamic and conservative forces of civilization.
 The year 1891 found Spain the great colonial power of the world. The greater part of the western continent and portion of the East Indies owed allegiance to Charles w. of Spain Australia was unknown and Africa was a land of mystery except along the Nile and the Mediterranean. where fioated the crescent of the Saracen Asia from the Caspian to the Yellow sea and from the Arctic to the Indian ocean was sealed book. clasped with Oriental exclusiveness. Russia had but recently secured a window to- ward Europe" and Japan was yet in standardization. Germany was but a nest of quarreling prlncipalities. while the sultan of Turkey ruled the might fest empire of the world.
 Of the six great nations of today, Russia, Germany. France, England. Japan and the United States, only two. England and France, entered the past century as first rate powers
 The expansion of the United States is an old story From the limited space east of the Mississippi river it now extends through every zone and upon it's vast domain like that of England, the sun never sets.
 On the ruins of colonial Spain in South America. there have arisen re- publics second only to the United States. The foremost among them, the Argentine republic, Is three-fifths the size of the United States and boasts of one of the ten largest cities of the world. a city with 1000. .OOO inhabitants into whose harbor, like that of New York and Liverpool, comes the com merce of the world.
 While England has been reaching out to distant parts of the earth and erect ing an empire that extends from Cam ada to Australia. embracing along its path South Africa, Egypt and India. Russia following an opposite policy of expansion, has been gathering to her self all contiguous territory. The vast region north of the Chinese empire known by the name of Siberia, as wei. as Tartary, has been absorbed by the nnnniyOrnttc xtybl i,, the Turk has been gradually forced back upon Constantinople until he has barely a foothold on the continent.
 The map of Africa has undergone a complete metamorphosis. The explorer. backed by the persistent colonizer, has overrun the dark continent and ap- propriated the choice sections, and some that are not choice, for his Eu- ropean masters. England has wrested from the sultan Egypt with it's unde- fined boundaries. From Cape Colony north. the pressure of English civiliza. ton will soon meet the advance guard which is pressing up the river Nile. through Egypt to the south.
 France lays claim to Algeria. the vast section once known as the Desert of Sahara, the lower stretch of the Congo and Madagascar; while Ger many lays claim to large sections on the east and west coasts.
 The continent has been parceled out for trade and colonization. The rest less spirit of Europe has within a century appropriated the greater part of tlie globe and that section which has