davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The evening times. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1895-1902, 1901-12-13
The S'ubeonlnsitteeS-

ud.ciary-Aessrs- jenkins, Smith, Al
len, Blackburn. Cowherd. and Sims.
Ways and Means-Nessrs PeaTFe, Jen-
kins. Allen, Stewart. Meyer. and CowheTd.
Education, Labor, and Charities
sIessrs- Mercer, 3IorreII, Blackburn. C.ey,
and Meyer.
Street Railways. Streets and Avenues
MessTs- Babcock, Pearre, Wadsworth,
MorreII, Latine-. and Meyer.
Steam RaiIWays-NIsssFs. Aiudd, Bah
cock, Mercer, Wadsworth, Latimer, Nor
ten, and Ocey-
Incurporat0ns-1Iessrs- Smith, Mudd.
Stewart, Norton, and Sims.
First Business Session
After the subcommi ittees were announced
the committee adjourned. The first busi-
ness session viii be held next Thursday,
the day fixed for adjournment for the hoIi-
days
The evening times. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1895-1902, 1901-12-13
ALMOST READY FOR
DISTRICT AFFAIRS
HOUSE COMMITTEE ORGANIZES.
subcommittee Announced at p Ses-
sion Held Tats Morning
Change ia the Neet-
ing Day.

The House District Committee met and
organized this morning. The three new
members, Messrs blackburn, MoTreu
and Stewart were the only absentees.
Before the committee was called to
order. Mr. B. H Warner and Gen George
H HaTries dropped in and had a chat
about District aIaf.s with the mem
bers
The evening times. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1895-1902, 1901-12-13
To Meet Emergency.

The object OF the bill is to meet
pressing emergency practically and efi-
cientIy. We present the tariff act of the
Commission as the best that can be de-
vised in the limited ..me left for Us TO
The evening times. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1895-1902, 1901-12-13

81 10 baltimore and Return. Via
B. & o. r, r., Saturday and Sunday.
December Il and 10. Tickets good returning until
following Monday. Good on all trains except Roy
q Limited.
The evening times. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1895-1902, 1901-12-13
NorfoII. 3. NashfnEton steamboat @

Delightful trips daily at $50 p. n from foot
7th St to Old Point Comfort Norfolk. Virginia
Beach, and Newport News. See ad. page 3.
The evening times. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1895-1902, 1901-12-13
A Hund-to-Hand straEgIe.

Gentlemen, I tell you, there was a
hand-to-hand struggle in that ROOM the
speaker declared with emphasis. Il
showed you the smutted condition of
the undershirt from pogdernarks, and
its torn condition; torn ike the defend
ants wrapper. There we're scratches
upon Ayres' legs, bruises on Mrs. Bo-
nine, all the result of struggle. Ayres
was never scratched in that way while
packing his trunk, as ny friend, the Dis
trict Attorney would I've you believe.
The evening times. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1895-1902, 1901-12-13
REASONS FOR
TARIFF BILL.
House Committee Majority
Makes Explanation.
TEE MEASURE Is URGENTLY NEEDED
Called For By Exlgency Created
By Supreme Court Decision.
To Be Called Up On
Next Tuesday.

Chairman Payne Of the Ways and
Means Committee today submitted to the
House the majority report OF that com
mittee upon the Philippine tariff bill It
car-c in roart
The evening times. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1895-1902, 1901-12-13
RnlIet HeIe sn Cep.

On the floor beside the dead man was
a blood-stained cap with a bullet hole in
it. This Detective Trumbo also took
charge Of
subsequent enquiries ELECTED the fact
The evening times. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1895-1902, 1901-12-13
Flynn's business College, stb ana K

Business. shOTthand. Typewriting yeaI.
The evening times. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1895-1902, 1901-12-13
WEATHER INDICATIONS.

Warmer; probably rain late tonight
Saturday rain; southerly winds.
The evening times. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1895-1902, 1901-12-13
Apologies to the Jury.

Mr. Douglass, resuming his argument
this morning, said: Gentlemen. I feel
that owe you a repeated apology for
tie time have taken, but I hope you
viii pardon ne am performing a duty
which involves a grave question.
y shall want you TO regard every word
that I shall utter from now on charita-
bly, and .ntentIy. I am endeavoring to
fit the statement Of The defendant with
the circumstances o. the case Every
thing in life is measured by compari-
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07
m ENJOYABLE Social Affair

The home of Mis-. j. q Schulmeister
was the scene OF u.5 of the most de-
llghtful social occasions ever offered
to our society ladies', yesterday after
noon from 3 to O'clock.
About seventy tive guests partook of
Mrs. Schulmeister's cordial hospitality
The parlors and dining room were
very tastefully decorated with palms
and growing ferns. The guests were
admitted by little Miss Florence, who
ty blue silk gown and golden curls
Mrs. Schulmeister, who was very be
cOmingly attired, received her guests
near the srchway between the parlors,
her cordial reception making every one
at once feel at home, and all proceeded
to have delightfully."- informal time
The frappe bowl which was in the
dining room was presided over BY
Misses Fahne Deur and Vera Foss.
Through all the rooms the pictures
of noted men and women of the pres
ent day were displayed Pencils and
cards were distributed among the
guests and they were requested to-
show how great their power of obser-
Walton was Mrs. Bail recognizing the
greatest number was awarded dainty
china cup and saucer. Mrs. Milliken
being the most fortunate guesser re-
ceived a box of French bon bons.
This game afforded great deal of
amusement and much knitting of
thoughtful brows, for of course, every
picture displayed was perfectly famil-
lar to each one there but the rub came
when the corresponding name must be
attached. and so each lady felt the
prize was 80 near and yet so far.
Delicious refreshments were served
in two courses, the hostess being as
sisted by intimate friends AN toe
rapidly flew the hours filled with SO
much gaiety and soclability, and the
guests fingered long after the sun had
wrapped his crimson blanket around
him and retired to his lleecy cloud
couch tor the night, and on departing
felt there had been another bright spol
made along life's pathway.
Mrs VIM. Schsefer and Mrs. II. L.
Harvey, of Logan, were the out Of
town guests.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

AT the regular meeting of the w. c.
I. U which was held yesterday after
noon at the home of Mrs. Martin a
very interesting and helpful program
was carried out with Mrs. Hough in
charge. The subject for tho after
moons discussion mo alcohol in medi-
cine" and some excellent papers bear
ing on the topic were read by Mes
danes Warner, IIeilman, l.. Brown
and Mac4Alllster. A vote of thanks
was rendered the committee of Pres
.byterian church who Offered them the
use of the church parlors for the rest
of the winter for their meetings. The
sessions will be held there hereafter.
The president of the Union handed in
her resignation at this meeting and
Mrs. MacAllister was elected presi-
dent to fill the vacancy and Mrs. l..
Brown elected secretary News, 9th
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07
Encampment Social.

Red Cloud Encampment No. 81, of
this city, will hold a social at their
hall. Saturday evening, Feb. 9th, to
which every member of the Camp,
every Odd Fellow and Rebeksh, and
their friends are invited. This is to
be social without refreshments, and
will be so conducted as to be pleasant
to all who attend. Music, both vocal
and instrumental, games and social
converse, and the banquet hall will be
opened to all who prefer dancing.
Come and enjoy the occasion.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

The remains of Isaac Smith who was
killed by q q. " NV. train in the
Council Bluffs yards Tuesday after
noon, were brought to this city last
night and taken direct to Foss's UNI
dertaklng establishment. This morn
ing at 10 o'clock the funeral services
we're conducted at the Presbyterian
church after which the remains were
taken to st, John and buried in the
old cemetery there. The remains OF
both young Smith and Cofiman were
taken to Rodes last night and this
forenoon were buried in st. John
Cemetery.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07
Notice, 1. O. O. r.

j. w. I'ullen, of Clinton, Iowa, Past
Grand Master of the |. o. o. +. OF
Iowa, win visit Missouri Valley lodge
No. l7o !. o. o. f., Wednesday eyen-
ing, February 6, 1901, for the purpose
of exemplifylng the secret work of
the order. 1t is hoped that all mem
bers will be present and thus embrace
the opportunity of learning the work
correctly. l.. X. WATERS, N. G.
g. w. BunhANK, Sec.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07
Notice.

All persons who are suro they
are indebted to r. Newton on &C
counts running from one month
to three years past due are the
people he wants to call and settle
up Immediately.
Also, all parties who are sure
he is indebted to them are re-
quested to send in their bills i'm
mediately rs he wants to pay up.
Do not make mistake in the
name. II Newton.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07


AT recent session of the Monons
County Board of Supervisors, that
body, after thoroughly canvasslng the
petition of consent recently circulated
In that county seeking to obtain the
requisite consent of a majority of the
voters to the sale of liquors in accord
ance with the requirements of the
mulct law, decided the petition was
sufficient and accordingly gave their
consent. Already the Onawa City
Council has licensed live saloons which
will operate in that town.
b. w Carlisle has rendered to Gem
eral Fitzhugh Lee, who is now sta.
toned at Omaha as Commander i'm
Chief of the Department of the Mis-.
souri,, an invitation to visit Missouri
Valley as the guest of the Philomath
ian Club on the occasion OF General
Gordon's appearance here under the
auspices of the Philomathan Club the
latter part of this month. 1t is pos
sible Gen. Lee will accept inasm as
he and Gen. Gordon are acquaintance
of long ago.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07
I. o. O. F. Attention.

Lillian Lodge No. 40, Daughters of
Rebekah, of this city, will hold nox
Social for the members and their invl-
ted friends, on Saturday evening, Feb.
l6, 1901, to which all Odd Fellows and
daughters of Rebekah, their families
and invited friends are cordially invi-
ted to participate. A royal good time
is expected, by order of the Lodge.
Mrs. FRANCIS NEWTON,
Secretary.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

Mrs A II Davenport whose husband
died few weeks ago is making ar
rlngementst to move with her family to
Henderson where she will make her
future home with relatives.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07
Council Proceedings.

Council Room, Missouri Valley, Feb.
$, 1901. Council met in regular session.
Called to order by the mayor,
Officers PRESENT. + James, mayor
Willy Middleton, clerk; Frank TAM
siea, city attorney; w A SHELTON, mar
shall.
Gouncilmen present. r. McGavren
w c Fensler, b A Mckay, M O'Con.
nor, II II Fisher, j j Amen.
Minutes of last regular and adjourn
cd sessions were read and approved.
AUDITING CLAIMS.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

The exceedingly mud winter leaves
the Leader with several fine capes,
jackets and cloaks for ladies and Miss
es wear. Rather than carry these
over they will be sold at remarkably
low prices.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07
For Sale.

Three hundred and twenty
acres of good farm land, two good
houses and out buildings, three
miles from Mo Valley, on the
bottom, part of Blenkiron estate
A II LeGrow
fl3
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

The Lc uIs James SC. cigar
has been one Of the leading
brands in the United
States for twenty years and
sells better now than ever.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

Chris LANCER, who previous to
about two years ago was resident Of
this city and who has been engaged in
the grocery business in Council Bluffs
since that time is preparing to move
back to his farm short distance south
east of this city. He has disposed of
his grocery business in Council Blutfs
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07
For Sale.

Good, sound team of farm horses,
new harness and wagon. Will tie
sold, not cheap, but for what it is
worth. M & Burbank.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

Harry Harmon who mas been in AL
lance, Neb., for the past few days
visiting with Bruce Fleming returned
home yesterday evening.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

Sam Richards is in Morehead
making arrangements to open a
saloon in that place on Feb. Is.
VIM. Krumvieda, ofDenison, is
in the Valley, guest of his niece,
Mrs. John Brinker.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07
The Baldwin.

Up to date BAKERY ana Ice Cream
Parlor, will open abou; April LIST, IN
building now occupied by Il. A Mckay
10
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07
False Report.

The report circulated OH the street
that three people had been killed by
the train at Honey Creek today was a
mistake.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

Directions: Each lady is expected to
prepare box containing supper for
two, with her name enclosed, the box
and contents to ba sold to the highest
bidder, the purchaser to take the party
whose name 10 found in the box, to
supper, and if desired, to have the
lady as q partner in the first dance.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07
Special Meeting of the A. F.
" A. M.

There will be work in the third
degree at Thursday nights meet
ing Of Valley Lodge No. 232. All
interested requested to be in at
tendance.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07
Will Employ Fifteen Clerks.

Will Employ Fifteen Clerks.
Messrs. b. w. and w. NJ. Carlisle; lS
III. Gavitt and John Anderson, mem
bers of the Carlisle Gayitt. Anderson
combination are exceedingly jubilant
over the fact that there has not been
the least hitch in any of the prepare
tions for opening of their mamoth new
department store which will occur on
or about the First of March. The
workmen in whose charge has been
the remodeling of the store TO ms
which the new enterprise will occupy
have the work we'll under way, and ev.
erything will be finished before sched.
ule time. The gentlemen interested
IN the enterprise are now busy pre-
pairing their respective stocks prepare
tory to invoicing. AT the start the
new store will give employing to fif-
teen people.
The 'Dorcss Circle having in
its membership the young people
of the Baptist Church Of this city
is arranging to give q Valentine
Social at the home Of Mrs Joes.
Vickers on Hast Erie street We'd
nesday evening February 10, at
which time varied assortment of
Valentine novelties will be placed
on sale the proceeds to be devoted
to the funds of the society.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07
Thursday, Feb. z.

Mrs j Jensen is receiving visit this
week from her sister Mrs John paul of
Fremont.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

Advance sale of seats for
"TEe hottest coon in Dixie"
atthe box office at the theatre
this evening at 1880
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

This afternoon in Logan occurre ed
the marriage of Bruce Baughn former
ly of Mo Valley, to Miss Bella Glenn
ems of Crescent City.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07
Notice,

IVUTICD,
All those owing me, either by note
or book acconnt, VIII please call and
settle at once, as need what money
10 due me now.
d " ~ II. I'oss.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

Louis James best sc. cigar
in Missouri Valley. Best
selIing cigar in Harrison
county.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

The Presbyterian Missionary So
ciety will meet in church parlors Fri
day February Slh at a quarter of three
O'Clock. All cordially invited.
Mrs ], ] Moore,
Scc'v
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07
How to Cure the Grip.

Remain quietly at home and take
Chamberlain's Cough Remedy as dir
ected and qnick recovery is sure to
follow That remedy counteracts any
tendency of the grip to result in pneu-
monla. which is really the only serious
dang.'. Among the tens of thous-
ands who have used it for the grip not
one case has ever been reported that
did not recover. For sale by
1913 ELLIOTT g. HARVEY.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

Mr. and Mrs David Henderson of
Loveland are in the city shopping to-
day. Mr. Henderson is just recover
ing from rather serious injuries he re-
ceived several weeks ago In falling
from alosd Of wood.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

n new cash register for sale. En-
quire at TINES office.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

See Charley Ford for gasoline
light systems. 10
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07
For Sale.

A peanut rooster in first class cor
dition. I} III Gayitt.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

Henry DUNCAN q Harrison County
farmer, living near Logan yesterday
afternoon filed with the proper author
tiles in Council Bluffs petition in
bankruptcy placing his assets at $3.50
to be used in liquidating debts sggre-
eating $l475.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

Mrs. L. e. Huff arrived from Mon
DAMN this afternoon aud Will remain
here a few days visiting relatives.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

Mrs Jane pangle returned to Nor
folk this afternoon after brief visit
in this city.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

Preparatory to the receiving of their
spring stock the Leader has decided
to slaughter the prices on winter dress
goods now in stock.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

The Valley Mill. shipped yes
terday car load of -four to Des
Moines and one to Council Bluffs.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

: See Charley Ford for estimates
on acetylene gas systema. 70
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

When President Mckinley yester-
day sent to the Senate the nomination
of Mr. Allan VanScoy for the position
Of post master at Wooaoine hs put an
end to what promised to be very IN
teresting post office fight.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07
|mall Fire at tho Stock Yards

A fire which was discovered ard ex
tinguished before it had caused much
damage, started in the pump house at
the stock yards in the eastern portion
of the city tins forenoon about II
O'Clock.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

Electric Light Co -. lfG 20
Moved ~ Fensler and seconded by
GConn"r that the bills as read he a! :
lowed and the clerk instructed to draw
warrants for tho same. Carried.
Moved by Fisher and seconded by
Fensler that the committee on build
ings and grounds procure insurance on
the city building to the amount of
81, 800 and $500 on furniture and $500
OH library. Carried.
Moved by McGavren that the rules
be suspended and the ordinance relat-
ing to re-establishing grade on a por-
ton of Seventh street and it be read
second time, seconded by Fenser,
NJ O'Connor yea, II II Fisher yea, w
e Fensler yea, y a Mckay yea, j r.
McGavren yea, J J Amen yea.
Moved by O'Connor and seconded by
McGavren that the rules be suspended
and the ordinance be read the third
time and placed on its final passage.
Moved by Fensler and seconded by
Mckay that the above ordinance be
referred to the city attorney for revis-
ion. Carried.
Moved by Fisher and seconded by
McGavren that section of the ordi
nance relating to salaries of officials bi
revised so as to read thss the salary OF
the mayor be made $50 instead of $50
Carried.
Adjourned.
Willy MIpnLEToN, Clerk.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

Chief Surgeon Colt of the F E & M V
is in Omaha today, vaccinating the
employees of the different departments
of the E headquarters in that city.
Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1901-02-07

Harry Harry, county recorder,
visited his wife in this city yester-
day.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1901-11-16
THE RICHEST MAN.

Phoenix. Ariz., Nov. 5.-The
American Mining News contains
the following article about the great
United Verde mine, the property of
Senator w. H. Clark, which, II cor.
rect, would indicate that IL is prob.
ably the richest mine and he the
richest man in the world:
ut has only lately come to light
that the average value of the ore
taken from the United Verde lie SIS
per ton in all values-gold. silver
and copper. This mine. 80 far as
has been developed, including ex-
plorations and diamond drilling be-
low the present workings shows an
immense ore chimney 400 by 600 feet
across, that has been explored by
shafts, tunnels, and drill holes to a
depth of 1.400 feet.
Just how 1t will be possible to work
this mine down before the heat linn.
II is reached is hard to say. but a
reasonable estimate would be 5000
feet. An estimate by one of the beat
mining engineers in this country
shows that the mine to depth of
!. 400 feet contains 336,OO0OO0 cubic
feet of ore. and. estimating II cubic
feet to the ton. there are practically
100000 tons In sight.
IF we carry these little further
on the present four values of the
emitted verde we have the average
value of the ore equaling 10000
600. The present owner of the prop
erty has refused $5O0O00,OC0 for the
mine.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1901-11-16
SPREADS Like Wlldflre.

When things are "the best" they
become "the best selling" Abra-
ham Hare. n leading druggist. OF
Bellville. y, writes: Electric Bit
ters are lhe best selling bitters !
have handled in 20 years" VOW know
why? Most diseases begin in dis
orders of stomach, liver, kidneys
bowels, blood and nerves. Elec-
tic Bitters tones up the stomach.
regulates liver kidneys and bowels
purifies the blood. strengthens the
nerves, hence cures multitudes OF
maladies. It builds up the entire
system. Puts new life and vigor into
any weak, sickly run down man or
woman. Price Soc. Sold by A. K.
Kane Druggist.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1901-11-16

The high price of lum Der has put
the farmer to thinking az to wheth-
er there could not be found sont
cheaper material by which build
ings could be erected. A few far
mere in the central part of the state
have solved this problem which
will demonstrate the usefulness of
the Kansas straw az a factor in
building material. ]. L. Book. a
prosperous farmer of Dickinson
county, is the first to try the exper-
iment. He proposes to bale straw
to the extent of about six tons and
will make cattle shed 32x10x7 feet.
The roof will be matched with
slough grass making 1t a warm,
comfortable place for stock. Mr..
Book says the cost of material will
not be over s. and il 10 claimed the
bales of straw will last about eight
years. The structure can easily be
changed to another place. The vast
amount of straw which 10 not good
enough for feed could be utilized
in this manner and make a great
saving for the farmers.