The sun., 1901-08-25
HUKIDITY'S THE REAL THING.
D0NT BOTHER ABOUT THERMOM.
ETERs, SAYS FARMER DUNN.
Coprseht,d isoi b,ER D.rr

distinctive weather judgment TO arrive at
| the determination Of what causes most
discomfort In the summer months Most
people would say "A hand that the oh-
| j"ctionable element l. heat. and that per-
sonal comfort IL In inverse ratio IN tho
changes Of the Thermometer. hut a little
thought will bring oui the fact ihnt tho
| element which cause the actual suffering
| In hot w3ather l. humidity
From the term humidity We understand
" N bc moisture in tho air. and it, prra-
encc j. determined 10y means Of hygrom-
eterS, the amount icing cxprc-aed ia
per cent form tn" hygrome,er IL formed
OF two Ordinary thermometers one being
dry and tho other having n pieca of linen
wrapped around tho nulb and kept thor
oughly saturated with water. especially
befor. taking an observation To get
the true readings. both instruments should
bc whirled around 81 that evaporation may
be moro rapid than when the inst r,Inents
arc motionle--. and the rate of speed should
bs tho same a. each reading II the
thermometers were not whirled the wind
force and evaporation would b. different
at each reading. and Il would he impossible
~ get the absolut" amount ~ moisture
present.
By relative humidity we understand the
COn1ltlun OF 1fle All Nllel considered m
connertion with the temperature. Thus
II will b. seen that humidity involves two
elements, first. the amount ~ Vnpor pres
ent second. 'he amount which would
thoroughly saturnte the air at the actual
temperature when the reading /, made
II " upon the ratio OF these elements that
our aensations Of dryne~- and moisture
depend tn" greater the difference OH
served In the reading ~ the dry and wet
thermometers. tho greater the dryness
g.l. al
tho moisture. II they rcad exactly the
same II would mean that the air was thor
oughly saturated and held all the moisture
N was possible to contain NJ that tempara-
ture. that h., 100 per cent When n reaches
that point. however. condensa ation la the
shape of rain snow. slcct or fog must take
place. either heavy or light. to make place
Tor the moisture that - heing constantly
taken up by the evaporation. which goes
on NJ all times under all temperatures
and conditions II l. not tu be undor-tood
that II is necessary for the humidity 20
reach lOo per cent before condemnation
takes place rain or snow NAV fall when the
humidity registers 90 per cent or even less
hu, condemnation Invariably takes place |
In some form when 100 per cent Of humidity
Is registered
In New York city the average humidity |
IL q per cent The average h neCessarilv |
high on the sea coast and decreasps ar TIN, |
distance into the interior increases
The air IN n room heated by a no, stove |
may contain ~ much vapor. weight for |
weight. as the open air outside. but /, II |
dryer, because warm air expands, making |
its capacity for holding moist ture greater |
In like manner th" air AZ noon il DRYER |
than at midnight, though tho amount ~ |
vapor present h. the same. and II l. dryer |
In summer than Ia winter. though the /
amount 81 vupnr present IL greater When |
air containing aqueous vapor IL gradu-
allv cooled IT, density gradually incr,a-.,-
nj tho nf "a -safatltlN lF,s
same for vnpor as for dry air with which |
n II miNed. until point is reached. at
which the density Of the vapor becomes /
equal 10 the ma aximum density po-sihle
is called the dew point. and any further
reduction Of temperature will cause con
densation Of portion of the vapor In the
shspe Of rain. snow. dew. fog, frost or
slect according 20 the season
II IL found that many ~ our storms
producing rain along or near the seTCoa-t
occur In the evening OF shortly after th"
part of the daV The winds blow
from the ocean, carrying in an excessive
amount Of moisture, until IN" humidity
registers from normal 10 the point ~ Satura-
ton Then as ~. cpolne-s - night comes
on, the atmosphere contracts aud lie ca
Iacity for holding all the innistur" which
I, took up during the day l. diminished. ard
here IL a partial condemnation This CON
densatipn may not aford much relief for
he atmosphere has only thrown ~ its
surplus caused bv cont raCiion. and IL still
charged 80 Ito full capacity according to
he temperature prevailing ~ the time
However. n IL usually found that after We
have leen boiled or steamed through hot
summer day. there ia usually sotne relief
from thunder storms oft kind. even 1.-THE
air ls still moisture laden. that the streets
and houses have b.en part iallv cooled by
he rain II IL seldom on our cnast that
-ome relief j. no, afforded hy thunder
storms during the heated terIns IN l"s- than
hr,a DAYS, In this rcsI-'ct W. az" hotter
m than our n"ighhors In the interior "
he country. they do not surer from hu-
midity a. We on the coast DO hut their
heated sIells last much longer than ours.
and verv little relief - afforded hy thunder
storms
Human h.ing- can stand temperature
~ from 100 20 i2j degrees Tor - long period
Wit hout any grea' discomfort n ;hr an u
irv hu, w ieCi into that satre air enough
nois'tIf" 90 incrrns' tho humidity from
Is 20 ~ per cent above - normal amount
md the people who are subjected 10 n
would die m from eNhaustiuu In frW davS
, good ILLUSTRATION ot What ua'ur" wall
=, and Inv the line of dry heat j. given .Verv
lav by the stok"r~ ou iargr steamer, and
.oin. of the fir"m"n IN large ia'torie~ anil
aiildings Thor hrp raoUs Rrc hearted
n, tn more than i1p degree frr dav- and
months aftd ~'ill there h. mo- more injury T
% their health than " suf"rcd 10y I'"up"
, No. arr walking n the streets during 10"
,O' DAYS Why SIMPLY '''a'I-' VI"
noi-'urr in the ovsrh"a'.'d ~" rpun has
.S.n takcn W. hv Tho eNC'ssIN" heat. and
hr humidity " tested. would show from
~ 90 ~ per cent h"loW normal according !
% th,, tcfupcra,ur" IN the street. outside |
hr temperature would probably y" from
irc r,,utu. lu' 'h" huuici'v outside would
~, from ~ ,p 90 pet ,,.r' higher, and ~"
ll~-r,ug W,ull lt. ~ipntiuglN rf"1'''
Although hu'"tifv 30 uu" "t -" tlD-'