davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1901-12-06
full and accurate information as to their
operations should be made public regular.
ly at reasonable intervals .slr 80 -

full and accurate information as to their
operations should be made public regular
1ly. at reasonable intervals. ~
The large corporations, commonly called
trusts, though organized in one state, al
ways do business in many states. often
doing very little business in the state
utter lack Of uniformity in the state laws
about them, and as no state has any ex-
elusive interest in or power over their
a sste
action. Therefore in the interest of the
whole people the nation should, without
Interfering with the power Of the states
supervision and regulation over all corpo-
rations doing an interstate business. This
ie especially true where the corporation
existence Of some monopolistic element or
tendency in its business. There would be
no hardship IN such supervision. Banks
are subject tt, it. and in their case it is
course. Indeed it is probable that super
vision Of corporations by the national gov
case with the supervision exercised over
them by so conservative state as Mas
.sachusetts in order to produce excellent
results.
May Take Constitutional Amendment
When the constitution was adopted, at
the end of the eighteenth century, no hu-
man wisdom could foretell the sweeping
changes: alike IN Industrial and political S!l
COnQltlOnS, winch were TO take place Dy
the beginning Of the twentieth century.
At that time it was accepted as a matter
of course that the several states were the
proper authorities to regulate SO far as
was then necessary the comparatively in
bodies Of the day. The conditions are now
wholly different, and wholly different &C
can be, framed which will enable the ma
tional government to exercise control
along the lines above Indicated, prof1ting
by the experience gained through the pas
sage and administration of the interstate
commerce act. If, however, the judgment
of the. congress is that it lacks the consti-
tut1onal power to pass such an act, then
cons titutional amendment should be
submitted to confer the power.
There should be created a cabinet off,
Ger, to be known as secretary of COM
merce and industries. as provided in the
bill introduced at the last session of the
congress. It should be his province to
deal with commerce in its broadest sense,
including, among many other things,
whatever concerns labor, and all matters
anecting the great business corporations
and our merchant marine.
me course proposed is one phase of
reaching scheme of constructive states
manship for the purpose of broadening
our markets, securing our business inter-
ests on a safe basis and making firm our
new position in the international Indus
trial world. while scrupulously safeguard
ing the rights of wageworker and cap
italist, of investor and private citizen, SO
as to secure equity as between man and
man in this republic.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1901-12-06
TINE MERCHANT MARINE.
Asks Legislatfon That Will Restore
Our Prestige on the Seas.

Our Prestige on the Seas.
The condition of the American mer-
chant marine is such as to call for i'm
mediate remedial action by the congress.
1t Is dlscred1table to us as a nation that
our e:. MERCHANT marine should be utterly
INSIGNIFICANT In comparison with that of
other nations which we overtop in other
forms OF business: We should not longer
trihing portion of our great commerce is
carried in our own ships. TO remedy
this state Of things would not merely
but it would also result in benefit to ali
who are interested in the permanent es-
enlistment Of a wider market for Amer
Lean products {"Isa and would p.oyide
work for their terminal points. Shipping
wt5 WSdn to the the RrnSpa
would be of political as well as CONNER
c!al benefit. From every standpoint it is
unwise for the United States to continue
tons for the distribution of our goods.
It should be made advantageous to carry
American goods IN American built ships.
certain great disadvantages when put in
competition with the shipping Of foreign
Many Of s1aa the fast foresn
above afs 5 and ali o 1ro sso or
sailing vessels and steamers alike, cargo
carriers of slow speed and mail carriers
the original cost of building American
ships is greater than is the case abroad,
that the wages paid American Off GERS
and seamen are very much higher than
those paid the officers and seamen Of for.
eign competing countries and that the
standard of living on our ships is far
superior to the standard of living on the
ships of our commercial rivals. :
Our government should take such ac-
ton as will remedy these inequalities.
Inc American merchant marine, should
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1901-12-06

To the Senate and House of Representa-
tives:
The congress assemblies this year under
the shadow of a great calamity. On the
9th of September President Mckinley was
shot by an anarchist while attending the
Pan-American exposition at Buffalo and
died in that city on the l4th of that
month.
CT the last seven elected presidents he Is
the third who has been murdered, and the
bare recital OF this fact is sufficient to
justify grave alarm among all loyal
American citizens. Moreover, the crcum~
stances Of thus, the third assassination of
an American president, have peculiarly
sinister ar significance Both President lin
common in history. President Lincoln
aroussd by for Sear ne Of cV
President Garfield TO the reVengeful van
1ty OF disappointed ofticeseeker. Pres1-
depraved criminal belonging to that body
Oh criminals who object to all govern
ments, good and bad alike, who are
against any form of popular liberty if 1t is
eral laws and who are as hostile to the
upright exponent OF free peoples sober
despot.
1t is not too much to say that at the
time of President Mckinley's death he
was the most widely loved man in all the
any public man of his position who has
been SO wholly free from the bitter ami
mosities incident to public life. His polit-
zeal opponents were the first to bear the
heartiest and most generous tribute to the
broad kindness of nature, the sweetness
and gent!eness of character which SO en-
deared him to his close associates. To
standard OF lofty integrity in public life
he united the tender affections and home
virtues which are all important in the
makeup OF national character A gallant
soldier in the great war for the union, he
also shOne as an example to all our people
because of his conduct in the most sacred
and intimate of home relations. There
could be no personal hatred of him, for he
for the welfare Of others. No one could
fail to respect him who knew him in pub
lic or private life. The defenders of those
murderous criminals who seek to excuse
their criminality by asserting that it
j. exercised for political ends inveigh
against wealth and irresponsible power.
But for this ASA ssinaton even this base
apology cannot he urged.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1901-12-06
THE TRUST EVIL.
hecomm endattons as to How II
Should he Remedied-


!, All this is true. And yet it is also true
mat mere are real and grave evils one of
the chief being overcapitalization because
OF ITS many baieful consequences, and a
10 correct these evils.
Inere IS widespread conviction in the
9ra nds o OF the American people that the
certain of their features and tendencies
n4rt1ul to the general welfare This
t Spices from no spirit Of envy or unchari
d dust achievements that have placed
this country at the head of the nations
struggling for commercial supremacy. It
does not rest upon lack Of intelligent
appreciation of the necessity of meeting
changing and changed conditions of trade
with new methods nor upon ignorance of
the fact that combination of capital in the
effort to accomplish great things is neces-
sary when the worlds progress demands
that great things be done. It is based
upon sincere conviction that combination
ed, but supervised and within reasonable
limits controlled, and in my Judgment This
conviction is right.
1t is no limitation upon property rights
or freedom OF contract to require that
when men receive from government the
privilege of doing business under corpo-
rate form which frees them from individ-
ual responsibility and enables them to call
Into their enterprises the capital of the
public they shall do so upon absolutely
truthful representations as to the value of
tAC pAOPc4ly III WHICH the C0pllal Is to be
invested. Corporations engaged in inter-
state commerce should be regulated if
they are found to exercise license work
Ing to the public injury. It should be as
much the aim Of those who seek for social
betterment to rid the business world of
crimes of cunning as to rid the entire
body polite of crimes of violence. Great
corporations exist only because they are
created and safeguarded by. our institu-
tiOns. and it is therefore our right and
our duty to see that they work in harmo-
ny with these institutions.
Governmental Supervision.
. The first essential in determining how to
deal with the great industrial combina-
lions is knowledge of the facts-publicity
In the interest of the public the govern
ment should have the right to inspect and
examine the workings of the great corpo-
rations engaged in interstate business
Publicity is the only sure remedy which
we can now invoke. What further reme-
dies are needed in the way of govern
mental regulation or taxation can only be
determined after publicity has been OBJ
tanned by process Of law and in the course
of administration. The first requisite is
knowledge, full and complete-knowledge
which may be made public to the world. !.
/. Artificial bodies, such as corporations
and joint stock or other associations de-
pending upon any statutory law for their
existence or privilege. should DO subject
!: to proper governmental supervision, and
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1901-12-06
ROOSEVELT TO CONGRESS
Sends His First Annual Message to the Senate
and House of Representatives.
MAKES recommendations ON IMPORTANT QUESTIONS.

Euog the Late President Mckinley Advocates
for Anarchists Trust Legislation Along the Lines of Pub
licy-Favos Government Construction of Irrigation Works
Urges Construction of lsthnan Canal and Laying Pa
cfic Gable Asks Legislation for the Colonies and
Reciprocity for Cuba-Would Exclude Chinese.
Little Falls herald. [volume] (Little Falls, Morrison County, Minn.) 1889-1950, 1901-12-06
THE IMMIGRATION QUESTION,
Some Radical Changes Are Needed In
.s.&. ~ Our Present Laws. >g- y"

Our present immigration, laws are mn
satisfactory. We need every honest and
efficient immigrant fitted to become an
American citizen, every immigrant who
strong body, q stout heart, good head
and a resolute purpose to do his duty well
in every way and to bring up his children
as laW-abiding and God-fearing. members
comprehensive law enacted with the OBJ
3eet Of working threefold Improvement
The Opelousas courier., 1901-06-22

little Is that Of securing helpers as
wages low enough to enable competi"
ton with the ridiculously cheap labor
Of the Mongolians. Machinery now
does much Of the work of preparing
the tea for market, but the leaves
must be picked by hand, and with oil
the economy that can be exercised 1t
costs just about eight times as much
to secure the harvesting Of a pound OF
tea in So4th Carolina as it does in
Asia. Fen as 1t is the cost would be
greT1er had not the projectors Of this
initial tea plantation happily Fit upon
the plan Of employing colored school
Children Is pickers.
A school house Is maintained on the
plantation, and in the intervals be-
tween learning to read and write the
youngsters are taught how to pick tea.
None of these juvenile toilers can ap-
proach in rapidity the records Of the
expert pickers Of Asia, but it Is
claimed that they are far more careful
In the selection Of the leaves than
their rivals on the opposite side of the
world. About three days are required
The Opelousas courier., 1901-06-22

their money, and presumably some Of
them will be satisfied with less profit
than this when competition becomes
fierce.
The United States Government is
now planning to distribute tea plants
free to all Southern colleges that will
agree to assist the Department Of Agri-
culture in establishing tea gardens on
their land. Special scientific agents
are being sent out to give advice, and
after q thorough Investigation has
been made of the possibilities of the
Gulf States for tea culture, expert
ments will be conducted in Tennessee,
North Carolina, Arkansas, Indian Ter
ritory, Oklahoma Territory, Missouri
and other border States. Climatic
conditions, rainfall and soil must,
however, all be favorable to conduce
to successful tea culture, and the
American tea growers have already
discovered that 1t Is useless to try to
propagate the plants where the winter
temperature is lower than fifteen de-
grees above zero. An average of an
inch Of rainfall every week in the
year is also essential, although 1t is
hoped to overcome this necessity by
means of irrigation.
One of the most tedious tasks which
The Opelousas courier., 1901-06-22

for the force of pickers to make the
rounds of the gardens, and this must
be done every ten days, or about a
| score of times during the season.
An expert can gather anywhere from
ten to twenty pounds of fresh leaf a
day. Some of the little pickers earn
fifty or sixty cents a day, but the ma
jority do not receive more than TWEEN
ty or thirty cents.
The method of procedure after the
tea leaves have been picked is not a
very intricate me-. The crisp leaves
are gathered, as plucked, into Swiss
trout baskets, where they are per-
mitted to lie as loosely as possible lest
they become heated. Each basketful,
as 1t is brought into the factory, is
carefully examined, and after being
weighed is spread to dry in a cool,
clean place. Tea manufacture proper
consists of two processes. In the one
the tiny oil cells in the leaf are broken
and the contents extracted by hot
water, while by the other the leaves
are once more dried thoroughly.
The product of such a method Of
handling is the green tea of commerce.
If it is desired to produce black tea,
two additional stages Of evolution must
be introduced-the whitening, or prep
aration Of the leaf for rolling, and
oxidation, which involves certain
chemical changes. To such an extent
has mechanical genius entered the
field Of tea production, that the black
tea secured at Pinehurst may now
fairly be said to be largely machine
made. The sitting. rolling, oxidation
and firing are all done by mechanical
process. A phase of the handling Of
the tea In which the American grow
ers have exercised exceptional care is
found in the curing of the leaf. No
direct sunlight is allowed to strike the
leaves, either when they are being
Withered or during the process of final
drying.
The possibilities CT tea culture in
this country would seem to be almost
infinite. Not only may the standard
grades be raised In quantities, but it
is believed to be possible to produce
some Of those marvellous teas known
only to dwellers in the Orient, for the
reason that no e has ever been
devised to successfully transport them
to this country.
It costs upwards of fifty dollars an
acre to set out and raise the tea plants,
and thousands of dollars must be ex-
pended for a factory in addition to
the constant outlay for labor. A tea
garden, when once established, how.
ever, represents an institution that
will stand for centuries.-The BOOB
World.
The Opelousas courier., 1901-06-22
A Horse on the Peddlera.

'Slc-em, Billw
The pedestrians on Cadillac Square
who heard this command naturally ex.
pected to see a dog respond. Great
was their surprise, therefore, when
they beheld q horse prancing along the
curb. He was nosing at q banana
vender, who was excitedly trying to
get his cart of fruit out Of harms way.
The vender kept moving, too, and the
horse returned to his post in front of
his owners fruit and peanut emporium
to wait for further interlopers. The
merchant has two of these horses, both
of which exhibit wonderful intelli-
gence in protecting their owners in
from the encroachment of no.
madic rivals. 1t is against the ordi-
for street peddlers to stand on
the public thoroughfare longer than is
necessary to make a sale, SO the horses
are really relieving the policemen on
that beat of an unpleasant duty. It is
advantageous corner, and many
peddlers try to do business there. Tho
which are kept for delivery pur
poses, are stationed at the curb on
busy nights, and when a peddler ap-
Droaches the merchant slips the weight
and "sics" 'em on. Then he gives the
lrate peddler the equine ha, ha.-Dc
troit Free Press.
The Opelousas courier., 1901-06-22
the pioneer tea plantation established
fn A. No. VYY~.1a

the pioneer tea plantation established
In the New World.
As soon as the Secretary Of Agricul-
ture became convinced that tea culture
in the South was not only practicable
but might be made profitable as well,
he arranged for the institution of an
experimental plantation in South Caro-
lima. The site selected has proven a
most admirable one. P%inehurst, as it
Is called, consists of about seven hun
dred acres of beautiful rolling country
thickly strewn with woodlands. About
fifty acres of the splendid estate were
transformed into tea gardens, and this
apportionment has gradually been ex-
tended. The tiny seeds which had
been brought from the Far East were
left to repose in earthly beds, prepared
and sweetened with all the care which
could possibly be bestowed upon a
couch of soil. Diminutive shades were
even provided to screen these babies
bf the plant world from the glare of
the sun, and then the tea planters
Rnxiously awaited results.
At first the little immigrants did not
appear to take kindly to the foreign
cline, and the investigators became
80 discouraged that they were well
nigh ready to give up the experiment,
when, just in the nick of time, fate
smiled, with the result that these
American tea gardens now contain
thousands Of bushes, each composed
of many separate stems. Better still.
the practical side of the enterprise has
commenced to make a favorable show
ing. The yield of the plantation is
increased by one-eighth each year and
the tea produced is SO vastly superior
to the black tea which comes over the
ocean that it sells for a dollar a pound.
or three or four times as much as the
i~mportations from China or Japan, and
thus nets the Government a very
handsome profit on its investment.
But because the tea which has thus
far been produced in Dixie has sold
for three or four times the price of
The Opelousas courier., 1901-06-22

has confronted the pioneer tea grow
ers has been that of determining what
species Of tea plants give the best re-
suits when transplanted to this con-
tinent. In order to demonstrate this
a number of miniature tea gardens
have been provided, and in each some
particular variety is carefully nursed
under special treatment. Thus the
visitor to this romantic nook in South
Carolina may see, growing side by
side, japanese, Chinese, CeyIonese and
American tea. The difference In the
quantity of tea yielded by a single
bush presents as wide a range in the
case of the different varieties as is
the case in the Orient, where the pro-
duoi,varies from one ounce from each
bush aag'Ssspan, to eight or ten ounces
The Opelousas courier., 1901-06-22

IVY He century which has re-
Gently been ushered into
existehee will see an ad-
ditk1 to the already long
list Of SEASONS why there can
never be a repetition of that IA
nous Boston tea party" which helped
to bring on the Revolutionary War.
This new preventive is found In the
fact that long ere the present cycle of
a hundred years is rounded out, Uncle
Sam will, in all probability, be produc-
ing within his domain sufficient tea
leaves for all the soothing beverage
which his people can possibly drink,
and mayhap will have some to spare
to his brethren across the sea.
That this will be a highly desirable
contamination must be appreciated
even by the person who slipped
a cup of tea In his life. For one thing,
it will enable the poorer classes to OBJ
tain good tea at lower prices, and for
another it will keep in the Golfers Of
the American people a fortune,
amounting to many million dollars an
nually, which now goes to feed and
clothe men and women on the other
side of the globe. Under present con-
ditions every man, woman and child
In the United States about
twenty cents worth of tea each
~twelvemonth, and the immense aggre-
gate sun is divided among the tea
growers in China. japan and CeylOn,
several middlemen and agents, and the
vessel owners who carry the precious
product to market.
The best feature of the new era
which is coming, however, is found In
the fact that finer tea can be grown
in the United States than in the
Orient. This has been conclusively
proven by some interesting expert
ments which the United States De-
partment of Agriculture has been con-
Quoting during the past few years at |
The Opelousas courier., 1901-06-22

American tea is without foundation.
The Government officials have demon
strated that under ordinary circum-
stances four hundred pounds Of tea
can be counted upon as the yield of
each acre in Il plantation. The tea
can be grown and put Oh the market
at fifteen cents per pound. Thus if
the shop keepers sell this superior
grade of tea at the same prices that
are now charged for the inferior i'm
ported teas, they will almost double
The Opelousas courier., 1901-06-22

Plans have been deposited with the
Boston board of health for the cree
ton Of a History brick building de-
signed exclusively for the accommoda-
ton Of horses. The building is to be
provided with suites of apartments
for three, five and 10 horses. with liv-
ing rooms for grooms and coachmen If
desired. The equine hotel is the ex-
pertinent Of a wealthy syndicate.
Room for over 400 horses will be
available.
The Opelousas courier., 1901-06-22

Vacant lots have been successfully
cultivated in Philadelphia under the
direction Of the Philadelphia Vacant
Lots Cultivation association. During
the past years gardens were provided
for 4S0 families. consisting of 2486
persons. The aggregate receipts from
the various farms showed a total Of
$24,560. This is six times the amount
expended by the association on the
lands. Five families became so adept
at gardening that their savings have
enabled them to hire ample farms of
their own.
The Opelousas courier., 1901-06-22
Ground Plan Camnleted.

Naggas Qlterary editor)-"How is
your iew society novel getting OH,
Borus?"
Borus (struggling author)-"Splen-
didly. I've got the French phrases 1
am going to use in the story all Sc
lccted. There's nothing to do low but
to I'LL Ia the English and divide Il into
ehapsaga Chicago gg!buDa,
The Opelousas courier., 1901-06-22
York Harbor.

The common and familiar thread
spun by Nine. Spider is so fine that
-25,0 900 miles of it, enough to go around
the earth. would weigh only eight
ounces. And yet, fine as 1t is. the
threads consist of 1000 flaments.
The Opelousas courier., 1901-06-22

The value Of a Newspaper o. On
advertising medium consists In
Its circulation.
When You can secure the com.
sined circulation Of two papers
for the price Of one, it is money
saved!
"The st. Landry Democrat"
was consolidated on the Sd of
March, 1894, with i" The Opelou.
gas Courier" The advertising
rates have not been increased
while the price of subscription
has been reduced to % 0 year.
TIE 6OURIER being BY odds,
ehe best paper In the empire Par
lsA Of o. Iandry 10 thasaaee III
aaassss
The Opelousas courier., 1901-06-22
oPELoUsAs. , LOUISIANA.

New York City is still In MacGreg-
Or's place among American ports. More
than half Of all the imports and more
than one-third Of all the experts Of
the United States for the fiscal year
1900 came into or went out of New
York Harbor.
The Opelousas courier., 1901-06-22

Some idea OF the magnitude Of
King Edwards realm may be gained
when 1t Is understood that he rules
over n continent, 100 peninsulas, 500
promonitories. 1000 lakes. 1000 rivers
and 10000 islands and only one
woman.