Arizona republican., 1901-12-04


 industrial and the artistic standpoint this exposition has been in a high de- | gre ecreditable and useful. not merely | to Buffalo but to the United States. The terrible tragedy of the Presidents assassination interfered materially with it's being a financial success. The exposition was peculiarly in harmony with the trend of our public policy, be- cause it represented an effort to bring l into closer touch all the peoples of the western hemisphere. and give them an increasing sense of unity. Such an ef- fort was genuine service to the entire American public.
 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTE
 The advancement of the highest in- terests of national science and learning and the custody of objects of art and of the valuable results of scientific expe- ditions conducted by the United States have been committed to the Smithson- ian Institution. In furtherance of It's declared purpose-for the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men the congress has from time to time given it other important functions. Such trusts have been executed by the Institution with notable fidelity. There should be no halt in the work of the l Institution. in accordance with the plans which it's secretary has present. ed, for the preservation of vanishing | of the vanishing races of the great | North American animals in the Nation al Geological park. The urgent needs of the National museum are recom- rlended to the favorable consideration | of the congress.
 Perhaps the most characteristic edu- cational movement of the past fifty years is that which has created the modern public library and developed it | into broad and active service. There are now over five thousand public lib raries in the United States. the product | of this period. In addition to accumu- | lating material. they are also striving by organization. by improvement in | method, and by cooperation, to give | greater efficiency to the material they | hold, to make it more fidely useful, and | by avoidance of unnecessary duplica- tion in process to reduce the cost of it's | administration.
 In these efforts they naturally look | for assistance to the federal library. which, though still the library of con | gress and so entitled, is the one nation al library of the United States. AL ready the largest single collection of books on the western hemisphere, and | certain to increase more rapidly than any other through purchase, exchange. | and the operation of the copyright law. | this library has unique opportunity to render to the libraries of this coun- try-to American scholarship-service 1 of the highest importance. It is housed in building which is the lar | gest and most magnificent yet erected for library uses. Resources are now being provided which will develop the collection properly. equip it with the | apparatus and service necessary to its effective use, render it's photographic l work widely available. and enable it to become. not merely a center of re- search. but the chief factor in great CO., operative efforts for the diffusion of Knowledge and the advancement of | learning.
 THE CENSUS OFFICE. For the sake of good administratio sound economy. and the advancement | of science. the census office as now con stituted should be made q permanent government bureau. This would insure better. cheaper. and more satisfa cfory 1 work. in the interest not only of our business but of statistic. economic. and | social science.
 The remarkable growth of. the postal service is shown in the fact that its l revenues have doubled and it's expendi- lures have nearly doubled within twelve years. Its progressive develop ment compels constantly increasing | outlay but in this period of business energy and prosperity it's receipts grow so much faster than its expenses that the annual deficit has been steadily re- l duced from $11. 1.411.719 in 1897 to s3.923. | 727 in 1901. Among recent postal ad- vances the success of rural free deliv- | cry wherever established has been so marked. and actual experience has made its benefits so plain. that the de- rnand for it's extension is general and urgent.
 It is just that the great agricultural l population should share in the inn provement of the service. The number l of rural routes now iu operation is coos. practically all established within three years and there are S.G3o applica- tions awaiting action. It is expected that the number in operation at the close of the fiscal year will reach $500. The mail will then be daily carried to | the doors of 5,7O0.O of our people who have heretofore been dependent upon distant offices, and one-third of all that portion of the country which is adapt ed to it will be covered by this kind of service.
 The full measure of postal progress which might be realized has long been hampered and obstructed by the heavy burden imposed on the government through the intrenched and we'll understood abuses which have grown up in connection with second class mail matter. The extent of this burden ap pears when it is stated that while the second class matter makes nearly three-fifths of the weight of all the mail, it paid for the last fiscal year only s4. .294, 445 of the aggregate postal rev enpe of s111, ,631, ,193. If the pound rate of postage, which produces the large loss thus entailed, and which was fixed by the congress for the purpose of en- couraging the dissemination of public information. were limited to the legiti- mate newspapers and periodicals ac- tually contemplated by the law. no just