davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1901-05-30

majority of these claims are made by Gu
bans who sought naturalization as the SAT-
est means of protecting their property The
possibility of damages to the amount of
sJ,tOOUo or S6,OW,U0O to the subjects of
foreign powers who were residing in Cuba
during the period of insurrection or who
had interests in the island is disposed of
by the statement that since none Of these
ligerent rights of the CubanS and since
they presented their bills to Spain they are
preciuded now from falling back upon Cuba
Municipal Loans.
Regarding municipal loans, though many
American capitalists are looking over the
ground carefully, it is not probable that
there Will be any great demand for these
In the immediate future After a time
some of the more progressive communities
will make local public improvements and
in the way of sewerage and water supply
But this Will be gradual, and not until the
municipalities have reached the point
where they do something more than
sustain themselves by local taxation. The
majority of them are not yet self-sustain-
ing. In good many communities the
rights Of supplying water are farmed out
to private individuals, and much protest
results, This is one of the old Spanish
practices, and as the privilege expires the
tendency is to place the water supply in
the hands Of the municipalities. But few
of them are yet ready to contract for new
systems.
Cienfuegos. on the south coast, which Is
called the most American city Of Cuba has
projected local improvements based on
water supply to the extent of s., 800 900. 1t
Is the only town outside of Havana which
has laid the basis for a municipal loan.
Havana's Credit.
That capitalists have confidence in the
financial credit of Havana is shown by the
sewering and paving of the city. Contrac-
tor Dady no longer has the field to him.
self. Though provision has not yet been
made for raising the money with which to
provide these improvements, the capital
lists were willing to go into the project with
that vital question undetermined They all
believe that the fifteen milion-dollar loan
which Is proposed for the sewerage and
paving can be floated safe basis and
that the legal complications will be cleared
away. 1t is probably true that Havana
which is a very wealthy city, with pop
ulation approximating 2;O,OO0 Inhabitants
can easily carry a municipal debt of So
100000. The present bonded or funded
debts amount to about $40, 600, 900, with a
floating debt of nearly 5000 900 more All
this is in Spanish gold. which is at a dis
count of 10 per cent from American cur
rency.
The special commission of which Mr..
Canc1o, the secretary of the treasury, is
the chairman has made suggestive re-
port on this proposed loan. Its whole spirit
is reassuring to those who have thought
that reckless inanciering would be the in
evitable consequence of placing financial
responsibility and authority in the hands
of the Cubans.
The report says that the city can carry
reforms in taxation. 1t bluntly declares
against farming out any portion of the
municipal revenues to whatever syndicate
may take the debt. This has been favor
Evening star., 1901-05-30

paving. The most that Secretary Cancio
and his associates on the commission are
willing to eoncede is that with s3 coo ooo
cash receipts and with the temnorarv aid
OF 1onr hundred thousand to five hundred
thousand dollars from the island treas
piontoeo tnat the cost of public schools
snal be In the future a charge of the state
the annual charge on loan of fifteen mil
non dollars negotiated at par with or 5Ia
per cent interest, and payable in fifty
years, can be guaranteed
II is estimated that the 81 800 oo0 which
would be required to meet the obligation
OF the new loans and the old one under a
proper system of assessments would leave
S%'lVVo annually for ordinary municfpal
expenses But this would require a reform
In assessment, as well as economy in ad
mlnlstrat1on. Economy In administration
luoged. by the experience of the last two
years. Is not an inspiring watchword in the
havana municipality but a check recently
mas been put upon extravaganza, and there
- growing disposition on the part of the
people to hold the municipal authorities re-
sponsible for their outlay. The political
parties also are watching one another and
In the future that promises TO he one
means OF Keeping down expenditures Tax
reforms and changes In assessment are a
niucn broader subject. but they can be
worked out satisfactorily
On one point General Wood and his off,
ciat family are fixed. This is that the
school system Of the island so long as they
nave anything to do with it shall not be
taken out from the direction of the insular
government and made mere question of
municipal arrangement. The school apnro-
priatlOn is a large one, and II the cost op
the public schools in Havana were the
charge of the municipality no such pro-
vision would be made for them as now
exists, and their efficiency would be greatly
impaired So in arranging for the munich
pal loan, which is to insure the sewerage
and the paving OF the city, 1t may be
counted as certain that the taxpayers will
not be burdened with additional school
taxes. These will continue to come from
the customs revenues, of which they make
up the largest item of disbursement. so
long as American authority continues in
Cupa. me present tariff commission is
charged with the duty of revising the tariff
so as to insure receipts, approximately. of
$l5WO,0W annually, and the school fund
VIII draw its full share from those re-
ceipts. CHARLES NJ pEPpEp
Evening star., 1901-05-30
POST OFFICES IN CHINA.
Each Foreign Nation Has a System of
Its Own.

u
Its Own.
From the London Globe.
One Of the most peculiar institutions IN
China is the organization of the postal
service. With the increase of the popuIa-
tion and with the gradual opening I'D of
the coast line of the country 1t became i'm
peratfve to devise some means Of facilitat-
ing intercourse, and the mercantile firms
therefore Joined hands and established
post offices. Since that time This system
has gradually developed certain form of
postal service in the busiest districts of
China. The Chinese government adopted
a neutral attitude toward the activity of
these 'postol firms" but the latter had to
pay large sums Of money 20 the authorities
The most important postal agencies are
carried on by the inhabitants of Ming-Ho.
empire. AS rule, there are but few
places in which no post office is to be
found, and in the more important centers
there are always several. Thus Shanghai
na mas more than zoo, while Hong Kong has
30 post offices. 1t often happens that the
various postal agencies compete with ono
another. and their agents then are com
PEELED to go from house to house in order
some degree Of combination between these
agencies, and they render mutual services
in case Of need. II a new post office is to
pc established in the locality it frequently
udppoiIs tudt tAe VARIOUS agencies Will OOm-
bine their forces and found u common
branch
Horses and mules are generally used as
the means Of transport, although in some
places postman conveys tho mail bag.
Where rivers are available the mails are
carried down the stream in small boats.
There is no fixed rate Of postage dues, but
the larger agencies fix the payment within
certain limits according to the weight of
letter and its destination, and regular
clients are allowed a discount. The postal
Zee Tor simple letter varies from about
three farthings to five pence halfpenny,
according to the distance which it fas to
be conveyed. There are no postage stamps
or other adhesive iabels as signs Of pre-
Evening star., 1901-05-30

paid payment in China proper, and thus
the postage has to be paid either by the
sender or receiver Of letter. 1t can easily
be imagined that under such an organiza-
tfon the postal service in China suffers
greatly at the hands of the countless lands
of robbers. Although the Chinese have not
been able to overcome the depredatfons
frequently inflicted by these robbers they
have long ago found out a way to paralyze
their actions to a certain degree, and this
consists in buying them off Every band of
robbers has its own defined sphere cf ac-
tlon, ana the postal agencies of a district
come to an agreement with the local rob-
bers, who are paid fixed sum of money
regularly not to modest the mails Such
an arrangement guarantees perfect safety
1or the mails, as the robbers are them
selves thus pledged to project them from
being molested by other evildoers.
In addition to this privace system there
also exists in China q government post,
which Is occupied in the dispatch of officiai
correspondence, and In conveying officials
about the empire. This postal service is
managed by the ministry of war, and costs
the Chinese government immense sums of
money. Private letters cannot be forward
ed by this government post. There is also
another postal service In China, for the
resident foreigners have introduced their
own postal system. The Introduction Of
this aforementioned system is due to the
early settlers in Shanghai, who, thirty
years ago. opened post office for dispatch
ing letters to the foreigners dwelling on
the borders Of that place In 1873 the '.im-
perial customs post" Of China was intro
duced by Sir Robert Hart, inspector gener-
al Of customs, for communication betwe en-
his department and the tranty ports Of
China. Soon afterward foraign govern
ments also established postal agencies at
their consulates In China for the benefit of
their subjects residing In the empire Eng
land the United States. France, Germany
Japan and Russia have set up their own
post offices in the great oentars Of activity
Thus the postal system of China affords
a pleasing variety. Every attempt Of re-
cent years to organize the postal service OF
China on European method has come sig
naliy to grief. There ID, In fact, an impe-
rial post carried out according to European
ideas, but II IL confined exclusively to the
Evening star., 1901-05-30
BON MARCHE.

This sale shall be double=1eader-worthv to rank
Wh tine greatest n1oneysaVing events that the WASH
ington pubc has KNOWN. Some lines of goods from our
own stock show too great fllllness for june 1st Well
make the values i'm those lines match the greatest bar
gains we have bought We invite you to profit by dou
and where wholesale cost and less figures as the
selling price, Sale starts tomorrow morning at eight
o'clock. @
Evening star., 1901-05-30

treaty ports. In the int tsrior Of the coun-
try the old system remains unchanged. and
VIII. no doubt. continue to exist until the
present confused postal service shall Lave
been converted into q uniform and properly
organised postal service.
Evening star., 1901-05-30
BON MARCHE.
June Sale OF Manfrs' g. Importers Surplus Stocks

We Congratulated turning trick of trade
SO rc i'm OUR favor that 1T gives you the most desirable
goods OF the season for less than their Wholesale WORTH
1e unreasonable weather gave the mt start
buyers to take advantage of the cogested state of the
wholesale markets. These last two months have been dis
astrous to the makers and importers. Their stocks have mot
moved. TIany of the most conservative were glad to
listen to our proposals and unload at loss rather
than at greater loss too late. The RESULT is here
The Montgomery advertiser., 1901-06-12
New orleans Spot Cotton.

NEW ORLEANS. June 11-There have eeen no new developments in the market Tor spot cottons. Offerings continue to show some slight improvement and buy CTS would have. no great difficulty now in making selections of either high or low grades, but the purchasing element is operating very conservatively just at this Juncture. refusing to do more than fill urgent orders at ruling prices and the result is meagre movement Factors as a rule are holding well tor full figures ani Tn some instances they are asking conces- sions. Sales, 1,250 bales, including 55O to arrive. Prices advanced 1-16c.
 A comparative lack of steam was noted during the forenoon in the market for contracts for the future de livery of cot ton. though the varying course of values was such as to induce good bit of TO m trading and the movement was by no means upon Summer basis. Liverpool Is still depressing prices on the other side. but her weight is offset by a goodiy bull support in the Ameican markets The first cali here showed prices to be at about last nights figures. Later on tue market hardened and q Iotati ms con- tinued to. fuctuate, but with strong upward tendency and closed with June % DO. nus higher, July 2l August Is and the balance of the list Sq10 points each above last nights figures.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1901-06-12
MARKET FOR FUTURES
SCARE OF SHORTS ONE OF THE
 FEATURES.
Buying of August for Investment Account Was One of the Fea- tures-Close Steady With
 Good Gains Recorded.

NEW YORK. June 11.-A scare of near months shorts and investment buying of august exerted leading influence in to- gay cotton market. Events here In turn oominated the markets in the South and ao!oad, despite the fact that outside points were weak. Liverpool cables were a uisappointment to the trade here and Mltn favorable weather news, led to mis- svings among the bulls just before the opening. But shorts were cautions with she result that the market op ned steady ! point lower to l higher. Then heavy ouyins or the near months for Western ana southern account sent prices up 8d3 polnts with rush and induced buying U, an investment nature. Shorts became armed and scrambled for safer groun 1s, ana Tn so doing. added greatly to the strength of the market Liverpool and NeW Orleans were quick to follow our aovance and even furnished liberal buy Ing orders here.
 Al noon the weekly Government crop report was issued an1 it proved to be very puiiish. On this news there was a fresh rush 10 cover and buying for Wall Street account became a feature. During the rest or the session. the market displayed a hrm undertone with the near months aosoroing the bulk of attention. July Jumped to s.22. August to 7.63 and October to Il9 in the half hour on burst of gen eral buying. Shorts were constantly men aced by August buying orders from the west. Trading was active and general Tn the last hour. It was feared that Liv- erpool would advance tomorrow on the Government report. Clo sed steady with prices net 7Q19 points higher.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1901-06-12
London Financial Cabierram.

NEW YORK, June 1.-The Commer- cial-Advertbsers London financial cab.e- gram says: The stock market was brisk CT and happier today on good war news and the increased prospects of peace Consols were especially stimulated ral- lying to 9Sle on top of yesterdays late improvement. It had been feared that Paris cheque would fan. following our low tank rate, and draw our gold but on the contrary, 1t has risen. It is under stood that Russia Is replenlshing its Lon don bullion balances. It is also an- nounced that the following gold is due here next Monday: A total of a243.0OO from Australia, s4S.c00 from India and 990,0O from China. It is expected that all will go to the Bank of England which institution will probably attract the metal by increasing the buying price to 77s 9d Anne: ican stocks were strong on the fla vorable crop reports, and were steadily bought here. Prices advanced on New York buying, Atchison, Southern ra-..a anu l nion Patinc being particularly strong at the close. Money was steady and exchange on Paris was z5Z2 and on Berlin 2U.44.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1901-06-12
Government Crop Report.

WASHINGTON, June u.-Much need ed and generally abundant rains have fallen during the week in the Spring wheat region which has suffered from protracted drought and the drought con ditions in the Lower Missouri Valley have been largely relieved, though portions of Missouri continue to need more rain
 While the weather conditions have been less unfavorable to corn than in the pre- vious week, this crop continues to mdke slow progress in the principal corn States. A slight improvement is quite general tr7oughout the Southern States. Winter wheat has experienced Improvements in the States of the l. .wer Missouri Valley, which was suffering from lack Of rain In the previous week. but from portions of York, less favor able Iepo. Is are received, due principally to the Hessian fly. liar vestlng has begun in North Carolina, In the Southern portions Of NJ ssourt and Kansas and wheat Is beginning to ripen In Maryland and VI! ginia.
 Cotton has improve over the western portion of the cotton belt and in Ten nessee and portions of the Caro ina but in Georgia Alabama, Mississippi and the southern portion of South Carolina it has made very slow growth, is very back ward and in some sections is much in need of cultivation. Some fields in North Carolina are being powed under Tor
 The week has been highly favorable for transporting and the growth of tohatco and tue general condition of this crop IS satisfa ctory. although tho plants are yet small in k entucky and Ohio. < ,.,,,-
 Apples continue to fall eAtensiVey anu
The Montgomery advertiser., 1901-06-12
WORK AT COLBERT SHOALS.
congressman Richardson Hopeful O
 Having It Completed.

Florence, June 11.-(Special.)- )-Hon. William Richardson of Huntsville. Con- sgressman from this district, spent a day in the city before leaving for Washington on matters relative to the Improvement of the Tennessee River at Colbert Shoals below this city. Con- gress failed to make an appropriation of this work the last time, which was largely due to the hostility of Major Dan Kingman, late engineer in charge of the Tennessee River improvements. Major Knight. the new engineer, is heartily in favor of a large appropria- tion for this work and will cooperate with Judge Richardson and the friends of the river in securing an appropria- tion that will insure the completion of the work begun several years, and now abandoned on account of a lack of funds.
 Judge Richardson said while in this city that he had letters from every city and town on the river from the mouth to it's source, urging the completion of the Colbert Shoals work, which Is the greatest flindrance to navigation of the river six months in the year, and is the connecting link of the upper and lower river navigation. Since the organiza- tion of the packet line to run from Chattanooga to Paducah, new interest has been revived in river transporta- tion. and an united effort will be made to have the locks and dam completed which will insure navigation the year round with the lower river. Congress- man Sim, of Lawrenceburg Is being urged by Judge Richardson for the River and Harbor Committee, as this section of Tennessee, Alabama and North Mississippi and Georgia have no representative on the committee. 
 Early to bed and early to rise makes
The Montgomery advertiser., 1901-06-12
Chicago Grain and Pro vision.

ChlCAGO, June u.-Marked weakness characterized the wheat market today. July closing lhc lower. July corn closed %M'8 lower July oats Ac down and pro- Visions from unchang ed to 2h depressed
 Superficially the figures in the Govern ment crop report presented a condition to please the bulls, but a comparison seemed to convince both bulls and bears that there would be more wheat in the country than would sell around 70c and conseque ltly the tap of the gong found a most anxious host anxious to sell. July wheat opened bQ1fc lower at 72llG,25s and With the downward course, assisted by west, the price declined with occasional fractional reactions to 71is. The close was weak and 1h lower at 71A. Brad streets reported the visible supply de- creased 3,099. .OO) bushels. Thirty-two loads were reported taken for export and sea board olearances in wheat and four were equal to ol90O0 bushe s. Primary receipts were 6S2,cOO bushels, against 46S.0OO a year ago. Minneapolis and Duluth reported 33l cars. against 3-3 .ast week and AS a year ago. Local receipts were 1l2 cars, none or contract grade.
 Improved corn weather and the weak ness of wheat, together with liberal re cepts and a poor shipping demand was the bearisn combination in the corn pit. July. under dull trading. sold between 423s and 43 and closed A4A lower at 427s The only demand was from the pit shorts, and this was so lght as to have no appreciable effect. Inc only desire seemed to be to sell, and weakness that developed at the start continued to the end of the session. Fifty-six loads were taken for export. Local receipts were 505 cans, IS of contract ade.
 Oats were weaker with the other ce- reals Trading was fairly active at times, but the greater part of the day there was surplus of selle s. Rains in the West appare ntly more than offset the Govern ment's report of a falling off in the crop. July oats saId between 2714@277s and 2S and c.osed 14c lower at 27a4. Local receipts were Z42 cars.
 Provisions were active and strong to begin with. on better prices for hogs. but on the advance there was disposition to taka profits and reaction followed. but this was almost entirely overcome by buying by packers. July pork ranged between $li.i3 and $14.S2 ana closed 2L down at $1i.7l. July ard sold from SS 50 to $S.62l2, closing unchanged at $S55. July ribs sold between $S ana SSl215, closing shade lower.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1901-06-12
Eensas City live Stock.

KANSAS CITY. June 11.-Cattle-Re- ceipts, 1000 natives, 1000 Texans and 3Ol calves: market strong; choice beef steers, $l.5oq5.55; talr to good, s5.1Od5.35; stock CTS and feeders. s3.5O649); Western fed steers. 4.65@5.4o; Texans and Indians. &.50a5.40; Texas grass steers, @a5 70; cows, $S.53Gi.i5: heifers, $3.S0@5.40; can d550.
 Hogs-Receipts 19.5O0: market 5c high CT; heavy, $5.s5G6.O5; light. s5,7oa5S71a pigs. S5d 5.e5.
 strong; other sheep steady to lOc lower; Western lambs, A75q5.25; Western wetb CTS. $fd460; Western yearlings, A.5oQ4S5; culls. $3.25d3.55; Texas grass "heep, 8. @3.15: Texas lambs, $20Q4.50; Spring Ia mhs. S4GIn 2l
The Montgomery advertiser., 1901-06-12
New York Coffee and Sugar.

NEW YORK. June 11.--Sugar-Raw, quiet and steady; fair refining, 3ss; cen trifugal 96 test. hI; molasses sugar, Sss; refined quiet.
 Coffee-Spot Rio dull: No. [ invoice, S.; mild quiet; Cordeva, Sh91A. Futures lower under selling for both accounts. led by room bears and foreign interests and prompted by declines abroad. Heavy receipts in the crop country and sluggish demand for spot coffee in the street mar ket. combined to undermine bull convic- tions and to stimulate selling for short account. Profit taking later brought about slight return, but at best the tone. Closed quiet. net unchanged to 5 points lower. Total sales. A.500 bags, in cluding September at 5.30; December 5559 5.6O; February, 5.65; March, 5.i5: May, 5.S5
The Montgomery advertiser., 1901-06-12
DruRs
Death of E. L. Goggens.

Alexander City. June lt.-E. l.. Cog gans, a very prominent citizen. died here Sunday night. He had been in bad health for some time and his death was not unexpected. For several years he Was engaged in the mercantile bus mess here but because of falling health r2taed from business last fall. He was native of Coosa County and about 51 years of age. He was buried yes te",!ay afternoon al the City Cemetery by the Knights of Honor fraternity. He leaves a wife and two children.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1901-06-12
Cotton st the Ports.

New Orleans-Steady: sales, 1.25O: ordi- nary, 5S-i6; good ordinary. 6A; low mid ding z l-i6; middhng, i5-l6; good mid ding. l-lb; middling fair. l1-l6; re- ceipts, 23a9; stock. l17,162
 Galveston-Dull; middling, s; receipts, 4,l99: stock. 66.55i
 Mobile.Quiot; middling. 7%; sales, 25; stock. SS44.
 Savannah-Quiet; middling i1-16; sales. .6; receipts, l50; stock, 31,326.
 Charleston-Flrm; midd.ing. 7% asked :: receipts 19: stock, 1, ,I6S. 6,125.
 Norfo!k-Steady: middling, S.; sales, IA; receipts. l,041; stock, l5,959.
 Baltimore-Nominal; middling, SIS; re- ceipts. AIS; stock, 5.45S
 Boston-Quiet; middling. sA; net re- ceipts 1O5.
 Pihadelphia-Firm; middling, s9-16; stock. 2.4i2.
 St. Louis-Quiet middling, 71S-16; re- ceipts, 1,1S6: stock. 72,SSO.