davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
SEVERE, BUT NOT BARBARoUs.
Manner I'm Which Freshman from
Boston Was Hazed.


This is the way the boys hazed the pale,
intellectual freshman from Boston:
by the way. RaffaldO," casually re-
marked one of the sophomores, you know
there is no such thing possible as an abso-
lutely straight line?"
Yes" replied young Raffaldo, who had
never suspected anything of the kind. Ger
tainly."
1T is sad but true" continued the soph-
omore, that great deal Of our higher ed
ucation consists in Unlearning much of the
sciolistic and meretriciOus knowledge, So
called. with which the literature of the ages
is burdend. and In graspihg the idea that
many OF the phenomena upon which we
base axioms are merely appearances with
out substantial reality. For example. again,
you know that two things may be equival-
ent to the same thing without being even
approximately equivalent to each other?"
Then there is that familiar postulate.
the whole is greater than any Of its parts
the utter absurdity of which. when sub
come apparent TO you long ago?'
Yes"
learned, / presume, that recent investiga-
tons prove Aristotle TO have been an old
Cortnthian adventures who frequently
masqueraded as a mani"
why. yes. i
Aristotle says in one of his-or. rather.
her-letters to Speusippus that the pos
SCISSOR OF the true philosophers stone was
the man who could take the bark of a tree
and make paper money out of it-a saying
which, hundreds of years later, was at
tributed 10 Marco Polo. Incidentally this
shows the source whence the greenbacker
OF modern times derives his inspiration. Is
II not WONDERFUL
"Er-yes. il il. indeed"
And you know. OF course, that no such
man as Ralph Waldo Emerson ever lived?"
mol Mo-" gasped the freshman. that
is going little too far He certainly did,
Young man. said the sophomore severe
~, for baking al thing like that. when
you have just swallowed lot of infinitely
bigger lies. you are about To be punished.
You will need all your fortitude Prepare
yourself
Must all the narrowing details Of the
hazing be given?
Yes But let be brief.
dozen students filed solemnly into the
room. each bearing a plate OF baked beans
They surrounded that hapless youth
They made him stand up. Then they turned
their backs upon him.
They ate the beans
And didn't offer him any.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
O'Dea Denies Some Reports.

Special to the indianapolis Journal.
SOUTH BEND, Ind, Dec. 6.-Despite a
denial made by the University of Wiscon-
sin, Pat O'Dea is being considered as the
probable coach for Wisconsin's varsity
football team, a telegram from Captain
Curtis, of Wisconsin, confirming the state
ment. ODea, however, has decided not to
accept the offer and to-day stated that he
would not give up his law practice in South
Bend. The statement sent out TO the effect
that O'Dea is to quit athletics is denied
by him and he will coach the Notre Dame
track team candidates this winter and next
spring.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
REMOVAL OF CONVICTS.
Carried Train Whose Windows
Were Grated and Doors Barred.

LARAMIE, Wyo., Dec. 6.-The first de-
tachment of 200 convicts were tonight re-
moved from the old penitentiary here to
the new institution at Rawlins. The State
authorities took extra precautions in the
removal by putting on an extra guard of
fifty men in anticipation of trouble, it
having come to their knowledge that an
organized effort would be made to release
the convicts by friends on the outside
Owing to the rugged and wild nature Of
the country through which the train passed
it was especially constructed with grated
windows and barred doors. The author
tiles have kept the time of their depar-
ture a secret, it having been understood
that the first section would start early
next week
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
Reformers Meet Secretary Hay.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 6.-Secretary Hay
to-day received a deputation headed by
Charles Lyman. OF the Reform Bureau and
composed of about a dozen persons. who
presented a large petition OF the subject
of prohibition of the sale Of opium and in
tOxicants 10 uncivilized races The men,
bers of the delegation explained that Pres
ident Mckinley during the last Congress
indOrsed a bill intended to prevent such
traffic. Secretary Hay assured the depu-
tatfOn that the administration at present
was in fun sympathy with thei 1bjects
He pointed out that under Pres idcut Nc
Kinley's administration impOrta ut steps
had been taken by the government toward
these objects. But, he added, IL was eX-
tremely difficult to secure concerted action
in such matters by the great commercial
nations OF the world
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
WILL BE CONFIRMED.
Favorable Action on the Nomination
of Attorney General Knox.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 6.-The Senate COM
mittee on the judiciary to-day authorized
a favorable report upon the nomination OF
Hon. L. &. Knox to be attorney general
Opposition to confirmation is made by the
Antitrust League which has filed a pro-
test with the committee in which espe-
cial complaint is made that Mr.. Knox failed
to bring certain suits against organizations
said 10 be trusts which ne was urged by the
league 10 institute The committee con-
sidered this document at some length, but
concluded that the President should be al
lowed TO choose his own advisers, he being
responsible for them. The vote for a ia
vOrable report was unanimous.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
Movements of warships.

WASHINGTON, Dec. 6.-Secretary Long
has ordered Captain Perry, OF the battle
ship Iowa. now at Panama, to proceed
down the Chilean coast to Talcuhano,
where the ship is to be locked and over
hauled. lie also has ordered Commander
McCrea of the gunboat Machias, az Colon,
TO bring his vessel north. stopping at San
Juan, Porto Rico, on her way home for
cCal The gunbOats now at Colon, an
chOred at Panama, will remain at their
respective stations for a time, and then
they, too. will leave the isthmus if affairs
retain their present quiet aspect.
The gunbOat Vicksburg has gone into
dock for the winter at Nieu-Chwang,
China.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
DOUBLE CARD AT SOUTH BEND.
Keneally Knocks Out Fuchs and
Rauch Wins Bout with Sherlock.

Special to the Indianapolis Journal.
SOUTH BEND, Ind, Dec Elm the two
contest card here tonight the Fuch-Ken-
eally eight-round go aroused most inter-
est, the two men having met three weeks
ago. when Fuchs scored a knockout in the
third round. Tonight Keneally had all the
best of the bout and in the sixth round
forced the fighting fast that Fuchs lost
his guard. Keneally landed a left swing
on the jaw and followed with a right punch
in the stomach, sending Fuchs to the mat
and scoring a knockout. Norris Rauch
rounds of fighting.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
MOVEMENTS OF STEAMERS.

NEW YORK. Dec. 6-Arrived: Pennsyl-
vania. from Hamburg, Boulogne and Plym-
outh.
ST JOHNS, " r, Dec s.-Arrived: Sar-
dinian. from Glasgow and Liverpool. for
Halifax and Philadelphia.
LIVERPOOL. Dec. ARRIVED. Germanic.
from New York. Sailed: Bowie. for New
York
pania. from New York. for Liverpool.
GENOA. Dec 6.-Arrived: Fuerst Bis
marck. from New York.
HAVRE. Dec. 6.-Arrived: la Champagne,
from New York.
HAMBURG. Dec. 6-Arrived: Patricia.
from New York.
LONDON. Dee. 5.-sailed: Marquette. for
New YORK
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
EASILY DEFEATED THE CRESCENTS
AND TIED THE TURNER'S.
Martens Found Third Game Stun
bling Block in Both Divisions
Browns High Averages.


The Capital City team retrieved part Of
the bad work of week before last by TAX
ing six games from the Crescent team last
night and tying the Turner's for third
place in the championship race. The Cap
ital Citys rolled consistently all during
the evening. and piled up scores that could
not be beaten by their opponents. The
Marions succeeded in taking four of the
games from the North Sides The first
two games in both divisions were won by
the Marions, but the third game was
stumbling block. Ben Brown averaged over
200 in the nights bowling. The Washing
tons increased their lead on second place
by taking five games from the l. b. G.
team. The Ko-We-Bas went up several
points by winning five from the Nationals
The Turner's took four from the Pastimes
The scores were as follows:
MARIONS VS.. NORTH SIDE
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07

Central Christian Advocate.

The conviction is growing that the reason
why farther progress has been made in
the ransom OF Miss Stone from the Bull
garan brigands is because OF the diplo-
matte incapacity OF the very estimable gen
tleman who is our consul general at Sofia.
Mr. Dickinson is an admirable gentleman,
but a variety of characteristics have re-
duced his influence TO a ridiculous point.
He turned down the offices OF the Russian
minister who in reality holds Bulgaria in
the hollow OF his hand. He has failed 10
comprehend the Bulgarian character and
play upon IL as a skillful diplomatist. and
sentiments The shuttlecock OF manglisIg
is still playing back and forth The new
consul general will relieve the situation.
Perhaps an official of the embassy at ST.
Petersburg will be selected
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
New Swimming Records.

PHILADELPHIA. Dec. &c. Carroll
Schaeffer, of Reading, Pa, the national
swimming champion, created new records
tonight at the sportsman's show for TWEEN
ty and forty yards and lowered the record
for sixty and eighty yards. Schaeffer fin
ished first in an eighty-yard swimming
contest, with Guy DAILY, of Pittsburg, sec
ond. Schaeffer's time for the eighty yards
was 80 40 seconds, lowering the record by
three-fifths of a second. He covered sixty
yards in SO 1-5 seconds. four-ffths of
second less than the previous record. Both
the sixty and eighty-yard records were
held by Schaeffer. He swan twenty yards
in 10 % seconds and forty yards in % 40
seconds, both being new records.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07

Special to the Indianapolis Journal
WABASH, Ind, Dec. 6.-The senior class
of the Wabash High School tonight BAN
quoted the victorious Wabash High School
football team. Covers were laid for thirty
five guests in the pavilion at BOYD Park.
special trolley cars being run to accommo-
date the class and the team. After the
banquet hop was given in honor Of the
team, fifty guests being present.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
RACE TRACK ACCIDENTS
Horses and Jockeys in MiX-Up-TwO
Boys Injured.

NEW ORLEANS. Dec. 6.-Cadet, Semi
colon and Serpent were the winning favor
ties to-day. In the first race Free State,
soon after the start, caught his foot in the
track railing and fell. Siah and Mae Miller
who were following the gray gelding close
ly, both fell over him. 7. OBrien, who
rode Free State, had his cOllarbone and
two ribs broken. Lyme, who had the mount
on Siah, had one rib broken. j. Wilson
who rode Mae Miller, escaped injury. None
of the horses was hurt. Winners in order
Cadet, to 5; Semicolon, Is to 5; Serpent, IL
to 10; Boomerack, to l; Aim, 10 to l.
Watita, 40 to l.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07

SAN FRANCISCO, Dec. 6.-Favorites met
disaster again at Oakland to-day. not one
getting home in front. Sugden. first choice
in the closing event, crossed his legs after
passing the half-mile pole and FELL inter-
fering with Dunblane. Sugden. which is
blind i'm one eye, then ran away three and
one-half miles. Jockey Birkenruth luckily
escaped injury when Sugden fell. Winners
in order: Catholic, 8 to l; Redner, to :;
Water Scratch, 10 1: Imperious, to l.;
Sir Lewis TO l. Gusto, 8 TO 1.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
NATIONAL Capital Notes.

WASHINGTON. Dec Cool James N.
Whelan. Twelfth Cavalry. commanding the
Department of Texas. was retired to-day
The Twenty-ninth Battery field artillery
has been transferred from the Department
OF Cuba to the Department of the Missouri
and will take station at Fort Sill, o. T.
The fOllOwing-named persons were enter
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07

WASHINGTON, Dec. 6-General Brooke.
commanding the Department of the East,
has decided that a soldier should not be
punished for alleged intoxication due to
the drinking of cider containing intoxicating
ingredients obtained at the post exchange
Private John Donovan, Sixteenth Company,
Coast Artillery. who bought the cider at the
post exchange. convicted by court
martial at Fort Mcpherson, Georgia, Of
drunkenness on duty and sentenced to three
months confinement at hard labor and to
forfeit $40 of his pay, but General Brooke
has disapprOved the sentence.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
Topics Discussed by the Cabinet.

WASHINGTON. Dec. ga number OF
matters were discussed at the Cabinet
meeting to-day but none of special impor-
lance. 1t developed that the government is
convinced that the decisions of the Supreme
Court in the insular cases do not in any
way disturb the Philippine tariff and that
the government will continue to collect Gus
toms duties as heretofore.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
The Little Demon" Defeated.

WATERBURY, Conn, Dec 6. - II. j.
Dwyer, of Grand Rapids, Mich, defeated
Harry Parker the Little Demon" to-
night in two consecutive falls at jacques
Auditorium in a catch-as-catch-ca wrest-
ling contest. The Cornish wrestler out
classed the Brockton man and pinned him
down for the first time after twenty mine
minutes of the hardest kind of work.
Parker was down for the second time in
fourteen minutes, thereby meeting defeat.
The match gives Dwyer the hundred-and-
fifty-pOunds championship of America.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07

CHICAGO, Dec. g. - Boxing under the
club plan is to be tried in Chicago on a
large scale. The organization of the Olym-
pic Athletic Club, with headquarters at
the Second Regiment Armory, was an
nounced tonight. Benny Yanger and Joe
Berstein will furnish the attraction on the
opening night, which is set for Wednesday,
Dec. Is. The bout will be the first of any
Importance that has taken place in Chi
cago since the noted McGOvern-Gans fiasco
at TattersallS.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
"WHEN GREEK MEETS GREEK"
Football Struggle of Purdue Frat Men
Takes Place To-day.
Ie indianapolis Journal.

Special to the indianapolis Journal.
LAFAYETTE, Ind, Dec. 6.-Greek will
meet Greek when the Kappa Sigma and
Sigma Nu football teams meet on Stuart
Field tomorrow afternoon, and the tug of
war is expected to be strenuous in the ex-
IRENE. All the participants will be non
varsity men. The lineup will be as fol-
Lows
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
spaIding Would Make Peace.

CHICAGO, Dec. 6.-That the election of
A. G. Spalding to the presidency of the
National League would probably result in
a compromise between the two major
leagues was admitted tonight by President
Ban Johnson. The developments of the
past week seem to show that Spalding is
candidate for that position. in spite OF pub
ished denials, and President Johnson's
statement brings unusual Importance to
the annuel meeting of the National League,
which begins in New York on Monday.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
VS.. PAsTIMEs.
German House Alleys.)
First Division
Naval omcers at the show.

CHARLESTON. s. c.. Dec. captain
Brownson and the other officers OF the
warships Alabama and Massachusetts, were
the guests OF the exposition company to-
day and were handsomely entertained at
the woman's building.
The entire government exhibit which
was at Buffalo probably will be sent here.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07

Special to the Indianapolis Journal
SOUTH BEND, Ind, Dec. 6.-South Bend
Commercial College will play Goshen in
the final football game of the season at
Goshen tomorrow. Commercial College
will have the services of Yauk Curry and
Shirk, of the South Bend Athletic Club
as they are members of the school.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
RAIN AND WARMER TO-DAY.
Probably Fair and Colder Throughou
Indiana To-MorrON.

WASHINGTON, Dec. G. s D. m.-Forecast
for Saturday and Sunday:
For Ohio-Cloudy on Saturday, with rain
IN extreme northwest portion. Sunday rain
or snow and colder: increasing southeastern
~ winds.
For Indiana and IllinOis-Rain and warm
er on Saturday. Sunday fair and colder;
fresh southeasterly winds. becoming north
westerly.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
Jack Mccormick Knocked Out.

ALLENTOWN, "a, Dec 6-Jack Nc
Cormick, of Philadelphia, was knocked out
tonight by James Jeffords, of California
in the fourteenth round of what was to
have been a ffteen-round tight at the Key
stone Athletic Club.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
Cold weather I'm the Cat.knI..

KINGSTON. y. Y, Dec. 6.-Severe cold
prevails throughout the entire Catskin
mountains This morning the thermometers
registered from Is below zero at Ononta to
50 below az Hobart.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
A. H. MULLER RELEASED.
His Remark that President Roosevelt
Should he Shot Not Crime.

PHILADELPHIA, Dec. GA. II. Muller
who was arrested last Saturday for utter
ing remark TO the effect that President
Roosevelt should be shot. was released
from custordy to-day In discharging Null
Ter the Judge said the remark WIS a foolish
one but was not necessarily a crime
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07

Pres. Temp. R.H. Wind Weather. Pre-
Ia. m....30.S0 % 50 N'east Clear 600
I'D. m....302S "a "a Seast Clear 600
Maximum temperature, IS; minimum tempera-
ture. 20.
Comparative statement OF the mean tempera-
ture and total precipitation on Dec. 8:
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
MAY BE RELEASED.
Surrender OF Miss stone and Nine.
TsiIka Said to he Imminent.

LONDON, Dec. IA dispatch to the
Daily Telegraph from Sofia says that the
surrender at Salonica of Miss Ellen NJ.
Stone. the American missionary. and her
companion, Nine. Tsilka, is impending.
WASHINGTON. Dec. 6.-Secretary Hay
received a cable message to-day from Mr..
s. A. Eddy, charge d'affaires at Constan-
tinople dated Pera. near COnstantinople,
Dec. 3. saying that he has just learned
from SalOnica that the agent whom he
had sent out has reports that both Miss
stone and Nine. Tsiika alive and well.
Colonel Henry Watterson, of Kentucky
last night gave a lecture before the Mich
igan University Students Lecture Asso-
ciation on Abraham Lincoln. eulOgizng
In a brief reference 10 politics. while
speaking OF Stephen A. Douglas. Mr.. Wat
terson said: The Democratic party then
was as hOpelessly divided as IL Is now
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07

All OF the exhibits with the exception OF
those from the War Department, the POST
Office Department and the Smithsonian In
stitutlon have already arrived.
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07

Laxative Bromo-Quinine Tablets cure a
cold In one day. No cure. no pay. Price
8 cents
The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-12-07
Sipna Nh

manager j. w. ESterline and Coach A.
=. Jamison will be the officials. Society
is to be out in full force to witness the
struggle, which will surely he a battle
royal, as the teams are so evenly matched
The S. A. +. boys will later on play the
winners of this game for the interfra-
ternity championship.
The following varsity men were awarded
the university "P" last night by the in
Ora Herkless, L. F. Mills, John Cornell
w. T. Berkshire ]. F. G. Miller, Fred Rie-
bel, Fred c. Holm. George Mccain, H c.
Leslie, ]. 3. Knapp, w. L. Russell and F.
V. Berky.
The letters "P. r." for the reserves were
given to F. Smith, Fl. G.. White, j. D.
Minch, II. III. Arnold, l. w. Porter, W. C.
McManus, r. G. Mcintosh, Z. II. Meyers
F. II. Miller, r. Flag, c. r. Meisner, G. r.
Galbreath, l.. NJ. Lucas, c. r. Rowan, j. T.
Halstead, +. s. Mills and J. II. Mowery.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-06-03
STUDENTS OF ELECTRICITY.
commencement Exercises of Bliss
School to Re Held XednesdaY.

Commencement Exercises of Bliss
School to BE Held Wednesday.
The annual commencement exercises OF
the Bliss Electrical School and the public
exhibition Of the electrical apparatus pro-
duced during the year by the graduating
class will DE held Wednesday, June 5. The
exhibit will be open to the public from 10
a m. to pm. at No. GA 18th street north
west, and the commencement exercises will
be begun at pm. at the Metzerott build
ing.
The names Of the members Of the gradu-
ating class follows: William G. APPLICABLE
John S. Bale, Edmund Becker,~H. Hobart
Benjamin, Irving Bodenstein, Raymond H.
Boyer, Sam NJ. Boyd Horace II. Carson, G.
Chester Collision, Ross w. Cryder Julius
Dihlmann, William Z. Dixon Alonzo G.
Earl, w. E. Emig, Fernando NJ Espinosa
Henry II. Fine, Adolph c. Collier, H Floyd
Hatch, Homer Hartje, Frank Hutchinson
Chester A. Luckey, Edwin A. Mellor, H. c.
McWilliams, Isaac Oglevee, Fred. R. Price
George w. RANDY. Frank w. Rose, c. H.
Sparks, e. c. Stain, jr., F. Percy Starr,
George Tate, Louis J. Van Dusen, Lisbon
Wallace, Julian N. Walton. Ernest A.
Rollin o. Woodward.
Night class-Leslie E. Briggs H. M Bur-
riss, Walter S. Cranmer, P. Davies w. B.
Horne, Gray w. Johnston, J. Hansen
Mitchell, Clarence A. Taylor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-06-03
TENNESSEE FLOOD VICTIMS.
Local Committee and Others Collect
Ing Funds for Their Relief.

Encouraging reports were made Satur-
flood sufferers relief committee held in
the office of H. w. Coffin, 1872 Loan and
Trust building. About $3.50 has already
been raised aud sent to the relief COM
mttee in EliZabethton, where most Of the
damage was done. Besides this there has
been shipments of clothing and supplies.
Mrs. Laura Anderson of 223 East Capitol
street secured Saturday an express wagon
load of clothing and supplies and turned It
over to Woodward & Lothrop, who have
volunteered to take charge of the packing
and shipping Of supplies, which the South
ern railroad transports free of charge.
Some difficulty is being experienced by
the committee in soliciting aid in the de-
partments. Although there Is a general
rule against soliciting subscriptions in the
government departments, it has seldom
been enforced in cases Of calamities and
where great numbers of people are in alb
solute want. An effort Is being made to-
day to have permission granted allowing
the subcommittee the privilege of solicit
ing. A meeting of the committee will be
held tonight and further plans made.
The Walauga Land Company, through it's
trustees, John G.. Carlisle and H. w. Coffin
have offered building lots to those who lost
their property in Elizabethton on the land
of the company on the opposite side of the
Doe river, on high ground, and it is more
than likely that the town will be rebuilt
across the river.