Evening journal., 1901-12-03


foreign nations. Whatever IS merely
petty and vexatious In the way Of
trade restrictions should be avoided.
The customers TO whom we dispose Of
our surplus products in the long run,
directly or indirectly. purchase those
surplus products by giving us some
thing in return. Their ability to pur-
chase our products should as far as
possible be secured by so arranging
our tariff as to enable us to take from
them those products which we can use
without harm to our own Industries
and labor or the use Of which will be
Of marked benefit TO MS.
IL is most important that we should
maintain the high level Of our present
prosperity. We have now reached the
point in the development Of our in
terests where we are not only able to
supply our own markets, but to pro-
duce a constantly growing surplus for
which we must find markets abroad.
10 secure these markets we can utl-
ize existing duties in any case where
they are no longer needed for the pur-
pose Of protection, or in any case
where the article is not produced here
and the duty is no longer necessary
for revenue. as giving us something to
offer I'm exchange for what we ask.
The cordial relations with other ma
tions which are so desirable will nat
urally be promoted by the course thus
required by our own interests.
The natural line Of development for n
policy Of reciprocity VIII be in connec-
tion with those Of our productions
which no longer require all Of the sup
port once needed to establish them
upon n sound basis and with those 9TH
ers where either because Of natural or
Of economic causes we are beyond the
reach Of successful competition.
ask the attention Of the senate to
the reciprocity treaties laid before It by
my predecessor.
The Merchant Marine.
The condition Of the American mer-
chant marine is such as TO call for i'm
mediate remedial action by the con-
gross. 1t Is dlscredltable TO us as a
nation that our merchant marine
+should be utterly insignificant In COM
parlson to that Of other nations which
we overtop In other forms OF business.
We should not longer submit to condi-
tions under which only n trlhing por-
ton Of our great commerce Is carried
In our own ships. TO remedy this state
of things would not merely serve to
build up our shipping interests. but II
would also result In benefit TO all who
are interested In the permanent estab
llshment Of n wider market for Amer
lean products and would provide M
auxiliary force for the navy. Ships
work for their own countries just al
railroads work for their termlna
points. Shipping lines, IL established L
the principal countries with which w
have dealings, would be Of political n
well as commercial benefit. From ey
cry standpoint 1t Is unwise for tn
United States to continue to rely upoi
the ships OF competing nations for III
distribution Of our goods. II should b
made advantageous to carry American
goods IN American built ships.
At present American shipping is I'm
der certain great disadvantages whei
put IN competition with the shipping
Of foreign countries. Many Of the fas
foreign steamships, at a speed Of fouI
teen knots or above, are subsidized
and all our ships, sailing vessels am
steamers alike, cargo carriers Of sloN
speed and mail carriers Of high speed
have to meet the fact that the origina
cost Of building American ships
greater than Is the case abroad; that tn
wages paid American officers and seg
men are very much higher than thos
paid the officers and seamen of foreig
competing countries. and thai tn
standard OF living on our ships is "a
superior to the standard OF living o
the ships OF our commercial rivals. on
government should take such action O
will remedy these inequalities. III
American merchant marine should /
restored TO the ocean.
Financial.
, The passage OF the act establishir
| gold as the standard money has, It
declared. been shown TO be timely ar
@ judiclous. The president adds:
In many respects the national ban
. ing law furnishes sufficient liberty f
/ the proper exercise Of the bankr
, function. but there seems to be nee
n OF better safeguards against the d
p ranging influence of commercial cris
n and financial panlcs. Moreover, q
currency Of the country should
made responsive TO the demands Of o.
- domestic trade and commerce.
i Economy IN expenditures is urge
=, Amendment OF the interstate CONNER
= act is advised to insure the cardin
provisions Of that act The work @,
, ried on by the department OF agrlcl
"a ture Is next considered and prais
, highly. The president then turns
Z forest preservation and irrigation
: arid lands. saying that both are higl
= necessary. He would put all the wo
"a In connection with the forest resery
h. ia charge OF the bureau Of forestry.
DR. Irrigation.
The president continues by tract
he the connection between the forest
st serves and the water supply. He sa.