davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

never been much of 1t INDUCED in out
side of the colleges of the East. 1t has
been practiced to limited extent in the
universities of the West, but it never
found a strong foothold in the Missis-
sippi valley nor in the States beyond.
Origin Is Hazy.
College haZing is so old custom that
its origin is somewhat hazy One
theory is that it was at least partial
outgrowth of the tagging system of
English colleges, in which it was the
custom to make new students do me-
nial work for the upper classmen. The
hazing which has been INDUCED in has
largely been practiced upon freshmen,
but occasionally other classmen have
been hazed. To haze means to disturb,
harass, annoy, and it was in some way
figured out that this was just what
ought to be done to men entering col
lege for the first time. 1t was decided
that they should be servile and that
they should do whatever they were told
by upper classmen, no matter how
absurd or degrading an act should be
demanded of them. AS early as the
year 176O, sixteen years before the
breaking out of the Revolutionary War,
the following regulations were enacted
at Yale University:
1T being the duty of seniors to teach
freshmen the laws. usages and cys-
toms Of the college, to this end they
are empowered to order the whole
freshman class or any particular men,
ber Of it to appear, in order to be in
structed and reproved, at such time
and place as they shall appoint, when
and where every freshman shall attend,
answer ali proper questions ana behave
decently.
"The freshmen are forbidden to wear
their hats in the college yard until the
May vacation, and whenever fresh
man either speaks to superior or is
spoken to by one he shall keep his hat
off until he is hidden to put it back on.
"a freshman shall not play with any
of the members of an upper class with
out being asked.
Freshmen are required to perform
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05
Il reasonable errands for any su-

all reasonable errands for any su-
perior.
Freshmen shall not run in the col
lege yard nor up and down stairs. nor
call to any one through college win
dow"
In the Ancient Laws and Liber-
ties" Of Harvard similar restrictions
upon the freshmen are found. Among
them are:
No freshman shall wear his hat in
the college yard unless ii rains, halls or
SHOWS, provided he be on foot and have
not both hands full.
Freshmen are to consider all other
classes as their seniors.
mo freshman shall speak to q senior
with his hat on, nor have II on in n
seniors room, nor In his own II senior
be there.
when any person knocks at n fresh
mans door, except in studying time,
he shall Immediately open the door
without inquiring who Is there"
Fighting Freshman Sustained,
The death blow to the hat law and
most Of these other absurd regulations
was struck over 100 years ago, when
Levi Hedge, who was afterward a IA.
nous professor, threatened to knock
down senior who demanded that he
remove his hat. The trouble was
brought before the president of Har.
ward for adjudication and he decided
In favor of Freshman Hedge.
Although these regulations were early
| overthrown the spirit underlying them
was kept alive and frequently mani
tested itself in the mistreatment of
members of the freshmen class. The
new college men were smoked out"
taken from bed at midnight and doused
under the town pump. painted with
green or red paint. made to eat or drink
vile combinations, bllndfolded and
made to run three or four miles. made
to sing or dance or deliver orations.
while very often they were shorn of
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

Rural free delivery is an addition to
the postal facilities of the country that
has come to stay. When an appropr-
alton Of 100000 was asked for to in
augurate the experiment. Mr.. Loud,
chairman of the House committee ON
postofiices and post roads, objected; but
when 1t was proposed to appropriate
S3,5O0,000 to go on with the business
the chairman of the committee had
{thing to say. Mr.. Sperry of Connec-
ticut, member of the committee, had
much to do with getting the matter
started. He was for many years post
master at New Haven. and his practi-
cal ideas with reference to the conduct
of the business of the Postoffice De
partment have been of much service.
Mr.. Sperry gives Ii as his opinion that
1t would be useless now to try to pre-
vent the spread of rural free delivery,
in which opinion, doubtless. the other
members Of the committee. and the
department itself, agree. Rural free
delivery has commended itself to the
people of the farms. and since they
like 1t Congress would not presume
to withdraw or do much hanging back.
The wonder is that free rural delivery
was not undertaken before, but now
that 1t has proved of such utility and
popularity, the whole country is reach.
ing out its hand, and expansion of the
system must go on until there are no
more townships to conquer.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

No reform would ever have been ac-
compllshed If the element of self-inter-
est had been wholly eliminated. Ev-
cry advance in the direction of popular
government has been due to the dis
satisfaction of men with existing con-
ditlons and their. determination to get
more out of life than had been allotted
them under monarchcal institutions.
30, also, with the trusts. When the
people of the United States feel that
they have the "losing end of the trans
action" they will, purely as n matter of
self-interest, apply the remedy which
they may conceive to be most effective
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

One Sunday evening rough-cast
man rose in the Reform Clum meeting,
and said: 81 believe in owning up.
When l get into trouble by making a
FOOL OF myself, or by letting somebody
else lead me out of the way, | amt
goin' to shirk the blame. l am goin'
to'take my own load on my own shoul-
ders. shall just speak nm and ny,
4, Bill Pike, did thatr" There's an
example, as well as rebuke, for sew
eral kinds of whimpering sinners, in
high places and IN low.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

investigations concerning hazing, have
voluntarily signed pledge to abandon
entirely that practice which has
brought the institution so much dis
credit. The cadets have done WELL The
military academy belongs to the people
and not to the cadets. The cadets are
not even patrons of the academy. The
people are the patrons. Students at
tending other institutions where they
pay tuition may be said to be patrons
of those institutions. The cadets at
West Point pay no tuition. The people
pay for their education and pay the
cadets salary besides. Therefore the
people have right to dictate how the
academy shall be run as the managers
Of no other institution have a right to
dictate. When the people learned how
their academy was being conducted the
cadets knew there would be change.
The latter have wisely determind in ad-
vance that they will reform. The peo-
pie will expect the pledge to be kept.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

Alvord, the bank embezzler, has been
sentenced to thirteen years in the peni-
tentiary. Good conduct may cut this
down to about ten years. Alvord's
stealings amounted to nearly 500 900,
or almost $4,000 year for the term
that he will have to serve. The pun
ishment is not severe enough to re-
strain other men from committing sim
liar Offenses.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

On p. d. Armour's tombstone might
well be inscribed: 1.-THE young man
who wants to marry happily should
pick out good mother and marry one
of her daughters one will do"
For L. ID. Armour never said wiser
thing, and no man ever paid a finer
tribute to the mothers of this country.
1t is easy to imagine the woman Ar
mour had in mind. She is a type Of
the times. She Is not too modern, and
there is nothing ancient about her. Her
social qualities are unquestioned, and
yet she does not live for society. She
reads and dresses and worships as her
conscience and inclination direct In
the home is found her kingdom. By
her example she teaches her daughters
how to become good wives. The things
that she teaches are less than the
things that her girls actually learn
from her. Association as well as in
clinatlon draw the daughters into the
channels that lead to domestic happi-
ness. Her example is stamped on their
young lives. She Is the queen of a
hame to which the mind of the husband
and parent Is ever turning. Peace
abides there, and the household ma
chinery does not jar. That is the wom-
an p. d. Armour was thinking of, and
what she is 1t is possible for her daugh-
ters to become. The young man who
studies the mother of the woman he
wishes to marry is wise.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

1t has been discovered that some of
the young Vanderbilts pay taxes on
nearly sixteenth of their possessions.
Obviously they lack the genius of their
progenitors.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05
PRACTICE OF HAZING
CUSTOM ORIGINATED IN COL
LEGES OF THE EAST.
Atrocious Brutality to Defense1ess
Students Has Stirred the Country
Merits Penitentiary Term-Rules of
Conduct Prescribed for Freshmen.

Great interest in the subject of col
lege hazing was stirred throughout the
entire country by the startling charges
which were made in connection with
the death of Cadet Booz of the West
Point National Military Academy. The
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

A Pennsylvania man and woman
who have been engaged for fifty-seyen
years have decided to get married. We
hope he has thorough confidence In his
ability to support family.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

One of the things man can't under.
stand is why his sisters get offended
when he doesn't rush In to see the new
little red babies at their house.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

Speaking of Senator Davis, his col
league, Senator Hoar, said: mo spark
from his wit was ever cinder in the
eye of friend" Both as tribute Of
friendship and as an epigram Senator
Hears sentence deserves to live.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

ment Of the military board. which ut
once began taking evidence. The case
was not more than fairly started when
second incident was brought to light
through the statements of other par
ents, who alleged that they had lost n
son whose death was directly traceable
to hazing which he had received at
West Point. These two cases prove
quite conclusively. II any proof were
needed, that the Infamous practice OF
hazing Is far from extinct. at least In
some parts Of the country. Hazing is
distinctly product OF eastern college
life. II originated there and there has
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

New ruins are being discovered in
Rome, but so far no proof has been
brought to show that some dealer in
antiquities did not manufacture them
in his cellar.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

The country needs an author with
the genius OF Mrs. Stowe to write
book which shall do for the lynching
evil what "Uncle Toms Cabin" did
for negro slavery in the South.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

We wish Mr.. WI joy in his efforts to
solve our race problem for us. At any
rate, he can tell us some very true
things about the outrage of lynching.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

Fashion is beginning to comport with
good sense in one particular. A Wash
ington fashion expert says small con-
tracted waists are no longer fashion
able
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

The cadets at West Point Military
Academy, realizing the storm OF indlg-
nation that gathered as result OF the
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

There is a demand for an enlighten-
ing work on How to Be Happy
Though an ex-President."
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

A woman's beauty is never consider
ed a good recommendation by another
woman.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1901-04-05

Matrimony often means month OF
honey and years OF vinegar.
Barre evening telegram. (Barre, Vt.) 1898-19??, 1901-06-25

Now I win rrust 40 more,
Old King Credits kicked the bucket.
might have wealth galore
II others hadn't took 1t.
Now owe the people
And the people owe me,
All would be we'll
II people do as they agree,
So III pay the people
When the people pay me-.
j. T. CALLAaHAh BARRE BAKERY,
New Bread, Rolls and Buns fresh every day
Cakes, Cookies and Confectionery. parties
lud Weddings supplied. al North Main =
Barre evening telegram. (Barre, Vt.) 1898-19??, 1901-06-25
SHE WAS PLAIN WITH HIM.
Aunt Sally Gave the Minister Some-
thing to Think About.

Two women in the carly part of the
last century lived in Virginia. They
were noted for their common sense,
and r,any Of their sprightly sayings
are quoted and enjoyed to this day.
They were both Methodists, and their
house was place of resort for the
clergy of that denomination. OF one
of the women, known as Aunt Sally,
the following story Is told:
She had black silk dress which she
was accustomed to slip on when she
attended church. 1t seems that once,
while conference was being held near
her house, a Methodist minister who
had enjoyed her hospitality and was
saying goodby ventured to remon.
strate against her use Of costly ap.
parel.
"Well, Aunt Sally" said he, "you
have been very kind to me and my
wife during our stay at your house,
and we appreciate your kindness. We
shall never forget 1t. But, my dear
sister. before parting with you l must
say that it has troubled my wife and
myself very much to see you dew
otee to the fashion Of the world. l
notice with pain that you wear your
silk dress every day to church, con-
trary to the rules of our order, and I
hope that hereafter you will refrain
from such display Of worldly mind
edness. l also hope you will pardon
me for calling your attention to It."
"My dear brother" said Aunt Sally,
II did not know that my plain black
silk was troubling anybody. 1t hangs
up there behind the door, and as 1t
needs no washing it is always ready to
slip on when company comes or when
go to church, and find it very
handy.
"But my dear brother, since you
have been plain with me must be
plain with you. Since you and your
wife have been staying here I and my
cook have some days had to stay Al
home and be absent from church be-
cause we We're doing up the white
dresses of your wife that she might
look we'll at the conference. Pardon
me for explaining. and when you and
your wife come this way call again.
Christian Observer.
Barre evening telegram. (Barre, Vt.) 1898-19??, 1901-06-25

There are many good advertising
mediums in Vermont but If you have
not tried the TEL EGRAM you should
do 80 for quick returns.
Barre evening telegram. (Barre, Vt.) 1898-19??, 1901-06-25
Seven Years In Bed.

friends of Mrs S. Pease, of Lawrence,
Kan. They knew she had been unable to
leave her bed in seven years on account
of kidney trouble nervous prostration
nd general debility; but, Three bot les
of Electric Btters enabled me to walk, :"
she writes, "apd in three months felt like
a new person." Women suffering from
Headache, Backache, Nervousness, Sleep
lessness. Melancholy. Painting and Dizzy
Spells will find it a priceless blessing.
Try it. Satisfaction is guaranteed. Only
SOC at Parlor Drug Store. -
Barre evening telegram. (Barre, Vt.) 1898-19??, 1901-06-25
A Fast alcYcLe cider

Will often receive painful cuts, sprains
Arnica Salve. will kill the pain and heal
the injury. It's the cyclists friend. Cures
Chatting, Chapred II Ands. Sore Lips,
Burns, Ulcers and Piles, Cure guaran-
teed. Only Csc. Try 1t. Sold by Parlor
Drug Store
Barre evening telegram. (Barre, Vt.) 1898-19??, 1901-06-25

BY CHARLES M. SHELDON.

In Steps" "Malcom Kirk" THE Cud6iou q Philip Strong
sRobert Hardy's Seven Days"
Barre evening telegram. (Barre, Vt.) 1898-19??, 1901-06-25

Your advertisement in the TELE-
GRAM is read by about 1000 sub
scribers every day. Add to this the
members of their ia miles and you see
you are placing your business before
10000 people in this vicinity every
day.
The Bemidji pioneer., 1901-02-21

the electric lights had to be coaxed be-
fore they would take a hand in the
proceedings.
AS chairman and secretary Of the
last meeting, D. H Fisk and Rev.
Watson took their places, and Chair
man MarkhamS of the Investigating
committee made a report on the con-
dition Of the village financially.
AS TO COST OF WATER WORKS.
The following statement was made.
but the committee did not sign it.
They evidently thought it went beyond
their philanthropic mission.
Original plant, including 1858 feet
of mains, tank, lots for tank, plans
and specifications, etc. $40, l13.
4 dditional mains laid by old coun-
Gil, including service pipes, etc. S., 900
Total cost of $3.50 feet Of mains. 6
inch and A inch, S15, 1925. III
Total cost OF 4,160 feet water mains.
laid By new council, $l5,312.
The iron and hydrant for the main
from Third to Second street, on Min
nesota avenue is included in the cost
of the mains laid BIZ the old council,
The Bemidji pioneer., 1901-02-21

age to show thai during his two
months as justice he turned over more
money into the treasury than any pre-
decessors or successor.
A motion by one of the victims to-
place Martins speech on the table
and Martin on the slab, was lost
Attorney BAILEY introduced the angel
of Gaarity, and called for an adionrn-
ment. But he allowed time for q late
guest to sample The banquet. It was
Joe Markham, the Sage Of the Swamp,
who arose from the table and respond
ed to his toast: THE Beltrami
County News" Holding aloft a copy.
of that official organ OF the Grafter's. $.
Union he introduced 1t as the Bemidji
Sewer. He quoted from It's columns
those dainty paragraphs about him
self and commented freely upon them.
"Hot air. was his first cue, and he re-
sponded: 1T will take more than
hot air of the Sewer and Bill Irwin to
clear this administration of extray-
agance! Yes came here and located
in the swamp, but didn't have to
take up collection before getting my
goods out of the depot" Mr.. Mark
ham denied any political aspirations,
but he was willing to go into joint
debate to discuss each others char
acter with the News publisher. He
was no plumber, nor had he learned
how to graft $3.50 out of theatre be-
fore allowing them to run, but he was
a man who had always insisted that
public officials should make their of
fetal acts public. AS, to his public
and private life he referred to the peo-
pie of Aitken county as his critics, and
" (Continued on Last Page.
The Bemidji pioneer., 1901-02-21

ard the LAYING of the same is the cost
of the mains by the new council that
being the fact as to that section OF
mains. The committee understands
that the main from 9Th to 9th street
was a 2 inch one. Total cost OF water
works system to date, S29, ,631.
The report of the committee was ac-
cepted and the committeeman honor-
ably discharged.
Then up rose DR.. Foster and SUBJ
mitted sort of a minority report
showing the outrageous prices paid
for certain plumbing work in the city
hall BY the Ted Smith administration.
He was followed by Mr.. Street who.
seconded the motion, but insinuated:
that such conditions had got no bet
ter fast in new hands. Then there
were some Dolly dialogues BY per-
sons in the audience.
Then the long-expected but much-
delayed Bailey came manfully to the.
front and like the invincible Sheridan
of Winchester fame, rallied his forces
to repeli the deadly assault against
the administration. past and present
In few carefnlly selected words het
proved without are asonable doubt that
sBemidj III never had a downright dis
honest official. He contended that If
extravaganza had ruled at times, il
was only because our hustling young
towns needs were extravagant. He
didn't know anything about water
mains or the cost, but he knew that
the needs Of the town demanded every
foot Of such work as had been done.
Mr.. Bailey held up the olive branch
so high that you could hear his sus-
penders groan.
Next arises the King Lear of the en-
tertainment. In the tone of one who
has been deeply wronged, as one who
has long kept back the bitter words
which suffering patience sometimes
gives to woes relief, Judge Martin
amid a whirlwind OF applause struck
wordy blows. He was not surprised
to hear City Attorney Bailey talk as
he did because he was familiar with
the scriptures which credits the OK
with knowing his masters crib. He
spoke the kindest words for Mayor
Dudly, but Mr.. Martin seemed lack
( - 80 n 2 i. -.
ing of any budding love for Council
man Jinkinson. He said even his dog
was made seasick with the sight Of Mr..
.. in the presidents chair. Mr.. Mar
tin called upon the books Of the will
The Bemidji pioneer., 1901-02-21

In the Air.
The City Hall a Storm Center Fri
day Night. Lots Of Shocks,
But Injuries Slight.

The mass meeting at the city hall
last Friday night was the best home
talent entertainment we have seen for
years. Il was mirth-proyoking and
tear-starting, There were pathetic
parts for the mournful and bright
comedy for the oh-be-joyful. In fact
it was local presentation Of a Linz
erick county fair, q sacred concert, a
Whipple murder trial, a continuous
variety performance, a backwoods de-
batting society and an Alger-M lies em-
baImed beef investigation committee
all rolled into one. AS caucus it.
was a dark-eved failure. No wonder
The Bemidji pioneer., 1901-02-21
WOOD WANTED.

The Bemidji Independent School
District will pay S1.75 per cord for
green jack pine and popple cord wood,
in lots above five cords, to be deliv-
cred on the school grounds in Be
midi. r. MCLENNAN,
Clerk of School Board, No. I.
The Bemidji pioneer., 1901-02-21

For the weakness and prostratioD
following grippe there is nothing so
prompt and effective as one Minute
Cough Cure. This preparation is
highly endorsed as an unfailing rem
edy for all throat and lung troubles
and its early use prevents consump-
ton. It was made to cure quickly.
T. A. Mayo.
The Bemidji pioneer., 1901-02-21
50 Tons ms efIH Of Hay

Millet and Bottom Hay for sale for
cash or to trade for lumber. Call at
The colored American., 1901-06-08

Shanties are being hurried up and
families Will need necessary furniture
beds, tables, stoves, chairs and cook
ing utensils. There is a fairly hopeful
spirit among the people, but just now
hope must be nOurished against great
odds. At this stage, the fear should
not be that dishonest people may gain.
but that worthy ones may suffer.
Means for regular living must be forth
coming or dread diseases will break
out, and the horrors Of the present be
immeaSureably multiplied.
VICTORIA EARLE MATTHEWS.
Boylan Home, 32S Davis ST., Jack
SOnville, Fla.