Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-08-21

straight line as practicable with the ad-
ministration building. ward buildings.
kitchen and laundry should be on or near
tho level Of the floors of the Easements Of
these buildings.
Provision should be made for a stable
large enough to accommodate six horses.
two ambulances and two general service
wagons. with feed room. harness room,
room for gardeners tools and living rooms
for the drivers. Special attention should
be paid to providing facilities for the con-
venient and proper disposal Of manure. etc
/ mortuary for the accommodation Of
twelve bodies will be required. Facilities
for the performance of autopsies should be
provided.
Accommodations should be provided in q
separate building for all necessary nurses.
Such accommodations include sleeping
rooms. sitting rooms, dining rooms and
ample bathing facilities
The superintendent residence should
represent simply an ordinary dwelling Of.
say, eight rooms.
The Special Needs.
While In designing all ward buildings the
same general plan may be followed, yet
the special needs Of various classes of pa
tients must be regarded. These classes may
be briefly described as follows: ~ Medical
cases; CO surgical cases; 60 obstetrical
cases; "a cases Of pulmonary tuberculosis:
o. venereal cases. and CO. cases Of minor
contagious diseases. Provision must be
made for the separation Of each Of these
classes from each other and by sex Except
class - and by color.
Each ward building must be separated
from every adjacent building by a distance
at least equal to the height of the highest
OF such buildings, but not less than forty
feet. All such buildings must be connected
with the administration building and with
each other by covered ways, two stories
high, and OF such width and construction
as to afford room for the treatment Of pa
tients In the open air as much as possible,
even In their beds. All electric wires and
all water. gas, sewer and steam pipes
should be run In passageway under these
corridors. and for this purpose the passage
way should be extended in as nearly a d.
rect line as possible to the domestic service
building. This passageway should be so con-
structed as to permit the easy passage Of
trucks or other conveyers for the distribu-
ton OF food, linen. etc.
Each ward building should consist of two
stories and basement, except where the
special purpose Of the building makes
basement should be approximately four
feet below grade, and around each window
or around the entire building should be an
area.
Height of Basement,
The basement should be ten feet high and
should contain the wires, ducts and pipes
leading to the wards above. Each ward
as the architect may elect: that is, one or
two wards on each floor. Each ward
should contain not more than twenty beds
ten on each side, with not less than eight
feet of floor space from center to center
ward to the center of the nearest bed The
Width OF the wards should not be less than
CWenty-1our nor more than thirty feet.
Ceilings should be approximately fourteen
onnn fafo to IT,
should be not less than 900 cubic feet per
bed. Wards should be lighted by diffused
light from the ceiling, but sockets must be
put In the side wall near the head of each
bed, so that single bed can be lighted II
necessary without disturbing the entire
ward. Each ward should contain all neces-
sary accommodation rooms, ETC., as ward
kitchen, serving room and onyaIescents'
dining room; bath room, with accommodate
lions for movable bath tub; nurses duty
room; room for patients requiring quiet or
disturbing other patients by their noise; in
surgical wards, a room in which dressin ga
can be changed; water closets; closet for
Stop sink, with accommodation for scrub
bing brushes, ETC.; place for bed pans and
urlnais; place where excreta can be kept
pending examination by the attending
physician; and lift to bring food from the
lowermost corridor beneath
Facilities for Research.
Facilities should be provided for clinical
instruction and for medical research. For
these purposes two amphftheaters and the
necessary laboratories should be included in
plans submitted Each amphitheater should
accommodate approximately 200 students and
should have facilities for the proper dis
position of their hats. overcoats etc, and
toilet accommodations for their USE One
such amphitheater should be designed for
surgical cases and should have the follow
ing rooms associated with It: Special OBJ
Grating rooms, room for washing instru-
ments, room for storing Instruments.
rooms for the preparation and storing of
dressings, sterilizing rooms, etherizing and
X-ray apparatus and waiting ROOM All
operating rooms must be lighted by side
and skylights. The other amphitheater, de-
signed primarily for medical cases must be
provided with a waiting room and be as
ISOLATED with clinical and pathological
laboratories, which should contain facili-
ties for Photographic work, and with such
rooms as may be necessary for hydro and
ectro-therapeutic treatment. These am
phftheaters should preferably be associated
with ward building or with ward build
tngs.
Receiving Ward.
One Of the ward buildings should be de-
signed for use as receiving ward, viz,
ward where all cases can be bathed and
given hospital clothing before being sent
irving at night can be held until the next
morning instead of being sent Immediately
to the wards; in which minor emergency
cases can be held until the patient is able
to go home, and in which persons suspected
of being insane can be treated pending the
determination of their mental condition.
This ward should have an examining room.
drug and dressing room, waiting room and
store room for the accommodation of
stretchers. ward carriage, etc.
Wards designed for maternity cases
should have rooms for women awaiting de-
livery and for. women during the puer-
perium: also rooms for confinement. such
rooms to be provided with facilities for
steriliZing instruments, dressings, ETC., and
rooms for the care of babies. All such
commodations must be practically in dupli-
cate, so as to provide for the proper isola-
.tion Of infected cases, but accommodation
for infected cases need not exceed 20 per
cent of. the total number of beds In such
wards.
Buildings for the accommodation Of minor
contagious diseases must have living
rooms for, the resident physician, nurses
and other attendants on the premises, and
should follow" the principles usually laid
down for the construction of buildings for
such purposes. AS, however the construc-
ton of such wards Is not likely to be I'M
dertaken until some time after the general
~ IT,