davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23
DEATH ON
THE STAIRS
While Drunk Daxid Abraharns
Has a Fall,
RESULTING IN DEATH
Fell Down the Stairs of Boarding House
on Fourth Avenue West.
Verdict.
RESULTING IN DEATH

David Abrahams, a Welshman, met
death in peculiar manner last night
at the clearinghouse of Adolph Reiman
on Fourth avenue west. Abrahams
has been laborer around Kalispell for
the past three years, and was about
80 years of age. He had been board.
Ing at the Reiman residence since last
september. Lately he had been drink.
ing considerably and was put to bed
in the Reiman house last night about
S O'Clock by friend.
The only testimony directly concern
ing the matter is that given by Adolph
Reiman. He told the coroner's Jury
this morning that having occasion to
go into the room in which were the
stairs leading to the second story,
about 1880 o'clock this morning he
found Abrahams lying at the foot of
the stairs, between the stairs and
the wall, in very cramped position.
Surprising him to be nothing more
than drunk, he Strengthened him out
and then called for assistance from
the Geary brothers, who also room
there, to carry him upstairs and to
bed. 1t was only few minutes az
ter this that he discovered that Abra-
hams gave no sign of life. DR.. Dun
can and Coroner Willoughby were
hastily summoned. The doctor was
unable to find any injury which would
have resulted in death.
Mr.. Reiman said he had heard a
noise which might have been made by
Abrahams falling, about Is minutes be-
fore finding the body, but had paid
no attention to it.
The body was removed to the under.
taking rooms Of the Kalispell Furni.
ture company and jury consisting OF
G. A. Goodrich, w. w. Bond, j. A.
Donahue, NJ. w. Burdette, Jacob Bill.
ings and Fred A. Russell, was EN-.
paneled by Coroner Willoughby to in
quire into the cause of death. At
ter hearing all the testimony the jury
rendered verdict as follows:
"That while in an intoxicated con.
dition in the residence of Adolph Rel.
man, said deceased, David Abrahams
came to his death by falling down
stairs and landing in such a position
between the stairs and the wall, as to
cause strangulation or suffocation."
So far as known Abrahams has nc
relatives in this country.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23
BE SURE YOUR SIN
WILL FIND YOU OUT
Esteemed by His Neighbors, but a
Thief Indeed.

For months past the sheriff's Office
and the police have been baffled by
gang who have been systematically
robbing elevators, freight cars and
warehouses in the city. As rule
the stuff that has been carried of
has been in the nature of staples
groceries, flour and such stuff as that
and always a wagon must have been
used to transport the goods to the
den. AS long as eighteen months
ago the raids began, and the authori.
ties have been constantly at fault to
locate the thieves or the cache.
One time, several months ago, some
merchandise having been stolen from
the M. M. warehouse, the wagon in
which they were carried away was
traced to within a hundred yards of
the ranch house which now is proved
to have been the cache but no one
could be persuaded that Jimmy Finch
was guilty of this wholesale stealing,
and the hunt has been made elsewhere
for the guilty parties. But the latest
raid from warehouse and elevator
was more productive. Having traced
the wagon way pretty close to Finch's
house, the officers thought they would
take a long chance and see if Jimmy
did really know anything about it.
After little manoeveuring the Of
ficers gained entrance to the house
and quietly investigated, finding suf1i-
cient evidence to justify them in ar
resting Finch.
Deputy Sheriff G.. w. Therriault
gets the credit for ferreting out the
old mans crookedness, but it was in
directly from another source, that he
was put on. A rancher at Ashley,
named Mckay, missed some oats from
his feed bin early one morning and
saw wagon tracks leading away from
his barn. These he followed right
up to Finch's door, and the old man
was busy unloading some other stuff.
He denied having taken McKay's oats
and finally Mckay got out a warrant
for his arrest, Therriault serving it
The oats were located in a cache in
the field and more investigation reveal
ed the hidden treasures Of flour and
bacon and canned goods, all fully an
swering descriptions of stuff that had
been pilfered from the warehouses and
elevators. There was full wagon load
recovered, and which the sheriff will
inventory today, and hold for identi1-
cation. Finch was arrested last night
and brought to town, but Deputy Their
riault remained in the shack on the
ranch all night, expecting to catch an
accomplice, but it is now deemed like
ly that the old man was the whole
cheese.
Jimmy Finch is a bachelor, about
IS years of age and has resided in the
valley for at least fifteen years. He
lived alone on his ranch about four
miles west of Kalispell, and has always
enjoyed the confidence and esteem OF
his neighbors.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

Gents. when in need of a fine spring
Suit, will do we'll by looking our line
over before buying elsewhere. New
York Store.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23
Look At This.

Don't you need a new spring suit
I have a fine line of imported and
domestic novelties for spring and
summer trade. Come in and see my
stock. and let me make you a spring
suit. w. L. Smith.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

The West: Frank J. Morariety and
wife, Columbia Falls; Mrs. Emma In
gals, Wildwood; w. T. Winston, Wild.
wood; James W. Lyon, Minneapolis;
E. Everman, Chicago; John Caplice,
California; Mrs. M. A. lockwood,
California; H. G. Howell, Essex; Eu-
gene Fogg, Havre; M. G. Murphy,
Havre; Andrew Allison, Havre; A. ].
Johnson, Great Falls; s. J. Seal, Hell
ena; w. D. Stoner, Helena; H. H.
Carr and wife. Columbia Falls; Geo.
Stenger, Portland; Mr.. and Mrs. J..
W. Smith, Fargo; Henry Abeles,
Omaha; ]. F. Whiteside, Havre; L..
R. Dewitt, Havre; E. R. Burke, Havre.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

For paperhanging, house and sign
painting, kalsomining, decorating, etc.,
go to Daily & Co.. 223 First avenue
east opposite M. M. Co.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

Il will pay you tomorrow" don't go
at Dorsey's Cash Grocery. When you
buy goods Of me you must have the
money right in your jeans pocket.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

A number Of variety performers,
whose faces have become familiar
through two months engagement in
kalispell, made their get away this
week. Some have gone to Great
Falls, others to Spokane.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

Get your grain, hay and wood at the
Cash Grocery. Robert McFadden e
Co., Fifth avenue west,
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

We know that we have the strong.
est line of working and driving gloves
in the city. Merigold.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23
AROUND THE TOWN.

Hugh Thibodeau, we'll known in Kali
ispell, has accepted the position of
boss sawyer in McC. Winingers mill
at Lake View.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

II you want baby to be in style hi
must wear a paid of red shoes THU
spring. We sell them.
EAGLE SHOE STORE.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

The Gordon hat is the best mad,
first, last and all the time. r. W
Merigold, sole agent.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

Some of the police are Respondent
in new uniforms and braided caps.
They present picturesque appear
ance, but Ccief Johnson has not donned
any new uniform.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

Dorseys Cash Grocery is now open
for business. Buy your groceries
of me and save money.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23
Wall Paper.

All this seasons patterns from Sc
per roll up. Come and see them
Halls, III Main street.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

If you want shirt that fits and the
correct style and pattern, get them at
Merigold's.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

For boys and childrens' fine cloth
ing, hats and caps see the New York
Store.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

Have you seen the new line OF
gloves Merigold is selling?
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

E. w. Bader had infringed an ord.
nance providing for corrugated iron
on frame buildings within fire limits,
and pleading guilty in Judge Near.
thurs court, sentence was suspended
for three days to allow him time to
complete his building.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

Little Club Sprin. Wheat Seed a
Missoula Mercantile company.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

Strong shapely shoes for boys and
girls. There is knack in max
ing children's shoes right. Try Lit.
tie Giants.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

Sneak thieves are making nightly
incursions about the warehouses and
cars of the Great Northern. The other
night two cases of bottled goods were
stolen from car right near the rail.
road warehouse and the thieves eff.
fected an entrance to the M. M. store
house getting away with some goods.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

Meals Enamels, the genuine, a
Halls, 1T Main street.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

Dorseys Cash Grocery. Second
street and Fourth avenue west.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

Artists Materials. A fine line
Halls. III Main street.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

L. L. Mays garden and field seed:
at Mcintosh Hardware company.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

Every kind of shirt made can be
found at Merigold's.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

A fine silk quilt is t. lie raffled al
Bishops. Drop in and see it.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

In his capacity as street commits.
sioner this morning, Chief Johnson in.
terrupted the artistic work of Saliva.
ton Army representative, who was
decorating the side walk in front OF
the school building with religious
quotations. Judge Macarthur backed
the officers and the quotations were
expunged.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

A beautiful assortment just receiv
ed at Halls, III Main street.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

The Kalispell: A. H. Atkinson, Bon.
ner's Ferry; s. B. Stephens, Los
Animos, CAL; w. E. Meisner, Still!
water; A. B. Mccoy, Milan; F. w.
Bruck, Columbia Falls; D. J. Honar
Spokane; w. H. Elliot, Devils Lake;
H. L. Green, Gowan, Mimi; j. H.
Conlin.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

Headaches pass away when fitted
with perfect glasses by McCollum.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

Dorsey's Cash Grocery buys for
cash and sells for cash. We are the
people.
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

Seven ranches for sale. O'Mear;
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23

If you drink, drink yellowstone"
The Kalispell bee. [volume] (Kalispell, Mont.) 1901-1901, 1901-04-23
Room Mouldinqs.

EAGLE SHOE STORE.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-12-01
OKLAHOMA eoVERNoRsHlP.
President Roosevelt Appointed Thoma,
&. ferguson to the Place,

President Roosevelt Appointed Thomas
g. Ferguson to the Place,
Washington. November 80 The presi-
dent today appointed Thomas r. Ferguson
governor Of oklahoma, vice William NJ
Jcukius, removed
In taking this action the president at
tschcd the following memorandum:
Governor jenkins Of oklahoma is here.
10y removed because Of his improper con
nection with contract between the Ter.
ritory and the Oklahoma Santarlum com
pany. The decision Is based purely upon
bis own written statements and his oral
explanations Of them at the 6nal bearing
one OF the duties Of the Territorial
governor is 10 enter into a contract With
some person or corporation FOR the proper
keeplng Of the insane of the Territory
Tovernor Jenkins made such contract with
the oklahoma Sanitsrium company, cor
purauon, the promoters Of which reserved
$4,000 OF It's stock for the governor and
subject 10 his orders
In the governors explanation Of tho ar
ialr he saws he told the promoters az the
time they desired him TO sanction the CON
tract mar IL was an important contract
ana that had some friends whom | would
Ike 10 have interested In the company. TO
whom | owed some political ohligatl Ions.
Whl'h would not be able 10 pay by an an
pointmeut or anything OF that kind. The
10 the governors order and was turned
over 20 these friends whose political Serv-
Ices the governor thus sought 10 reward
The extent Of the favor 10 the governor
or his friends IS suggested by the fact that
the only known sale OF the stock since tn
contract was given out was at double the
price paid for Il
As q performance Of the contract was
10 be the sole business OF the corporation,
u Is obvious either that tho Territory was
obligated "a pay far more than the service
was worth or that its helpless wards were
10 have the enormous profits contemplated
taken out 81 their keeping
The governors confessed relations to
the matter disclose such an entire lack
or appreciation Of tho high judiciary ma
ture OF the duties of his ofhce rs To unit
him for their further discharge
a chancellor would not for one momeut
retain q trustee who. I'm dealings for the
trust, reserved an advantage 20 himself
The thought Is not To he tolerated that the
president can he less vigllant and eXsctlng
IN the ppbllc's interest
tSiEnedl Theodore Roosevelt"
Thomas h. Ferguson OF WatouEa. O, r.,
went 10 Oklahoma IN 1850 and settled In
the Cheyenne country wheH n was opened
O. settlement IN 1871 TIC has conducted
newspaper az Watouga since For four
lfjsS he has been chRirman 81 the repuh-
loan Territorial committees
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-12-01
PRESIDENT SAW THE GAME
Mr.. Roosevelt and Cabinet Attended the
Contest Between the Cadets.
THE WEST POINTERS WON FROM ANNAPOLIS
The Distinguished Spectators Enjoyed the Sport APP
parently and Became Enthused Many Times
During the Progress of the Game

Philadelphia, November 30. Probably the
most distinguished gathering that ever wit
messed football contest in this country
and the greatest crowd that ever entered
the gates OF Franklin field saw West roint
defeat Annapolis this afternoon by the
score of IL 10 g. From the moment that
President Roosevelt and his party entered
the great amphitheatcr until half an hour
amer tho time keeper had blown mis-
whistle, announcing tho cessation Of hos
tllities there was a continuous uproar
Even the president aud several members
Of his cabinet worked mp to nervous pitch
by the excitement left their seats In the
private box which had been set apart for
their occupation. and took positions on the
side line benches
The train hearing tho president aud
members Of the cabinet reached South
street station a few minutes after O'Clock
Luncheon was served on the private dining
ear and the party. at 1:IJ started for
rson Of the University Of Pennsylvania aud
Lieutenant Commander Cowics were Bts
TO enter the grounds They wcr, followed
by Secretary Long Secretary Root. Post
master General Smith, Secretaries Corlol
you and Loeb and many army and navy
officers. Admiral Dewey had slipped in'o
the grounds almost nnourcd aud had
taken seat In the navy stand The
presidents appearance was the signal for
a tremendous outbursr OF applause, which
continued until he took Ills seat
Hardly had the president aud party
taken their seats before the navy team
came upon The ncld from the west entrance
The followers OF the Annapolis eleven made
the stands shake with their cheers unl
blue and orange flags seemed 10 he noattng
from all sections ~ the hcld Six minute.
later the West Point lads troitcd ont and
then the black. orange and gray OF the
army was waved delriously from the big
south stand The toss was won 10y CAPTAIN
Nicholas Of the navy, who chose the west
goal and at 2;t5 Graves kicked OF From
the moment the hall was put In play until
the tImekeeper's whistle blew there was no
one more Interested in the game than rresl
dent Roosevelt. Tho contest had been IN
progress less than ten minutes when he
left his seat in the private box and took
up his position on the side line bench AZ
the end OF the drst half Secretary Root
and General Miles came across the field 10
escort the president TO the armys stand.
President Roosevelt walked across to the
south stand aud again occupied a seat on
thexslo lineL When the two teams re
sumed play At a:2s and DAILY Of the army
team made his great run Of l05 Yards ror
a touchdown, President Roosevelt jumped
to his feet with an expression OF surprise
on his face.
The presidential party left the grounds
at 4;so aud at o'clock the train pulled
out for Washington.
There was an element NJ lack In the VICE
tory Of the West Point eleven this after
noon They were outplnyed by tho An
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-12-01
zAPkrA COUNTY SUFFERERS
Amount Received in Response 70 the Ap
peal OF Mr., Seabury.

Amount Received in Response 70 the Ap-
peal OF Mr., Seabrry.
Tho Post viii receive subscripiions for
tho 2apata county drcuth sufferers as Mr..
Seabury suggested in The Post recently.
and see that Whatever IS collected reacbo,
them. Mr. scahury represents the people
~ hapaia county 10 the legislature and his
statement Of their condition can he relied
upon, and, as he suggests. the time for
helping them has come Whatever i, done
Or them MUST RE DONE AT ONCE AND
BY THE PEOPLE or TEXAS. This
state has in the past IN calamitous times
had cause to feel grateful for helm from
the outside, but should, In this case. let
charity begin at home The starving pcople
or Hapaia county can. with slight individual
effort, be placed beyond the reach Of waur.
and should not he left 70 be taken care OF
by other States. A quick aud general
response to Mr.. Seabury's appeal from
Texans win furnish them all the relief
needed
Send in your subscriptions at once. They
viii be Immediately transmitted 10 Mr..
Seahury and acknowledged thropch tho
columns Of The Post '"0
Previously reported .. son, On
EdmistOu Bros, Crockett M AZ
Jackson Bros n Collier, Jasper 49,. 90
I''aI '''.'s... ...,.,..,........S lI7 On
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-12-01
DUELLING IN GERMANY.
Sentiment Against the Practice Is
Gaining Strength.
TARIFF DEBATE BEGINS TOMORROW
Its Discussion Continues 10 Be Directed
at the United ststes--Attsok on
American Colony

Berlin, November 20 Tho tariff debate
In the reichstoe will begin December @. Tho
dueliiog debate attracted the closest ai
tcntlon this week and showed that an anti.
duelliug sentiment is strongly growing ia
the reicbstgg. Some quarters express The
view hat dncling is SO fully condemned by
the couutrys sentiment that the end Of il
is near
American questions attracted The usual
amount Of attention this week. While the
action of lhe United States ON the isthmus
Of Panama Is admitted by fair minded pa
pers TO be In accordance with treaty rights,
the Cologne Voiks zcitung makes it the
subject of sharp attack. fl asserts that
the lesson lcHrnnDlc 10y the isthmluu uttul
renee is that the North Americans IN spite
OF the sovereignty OF other countries, dhu
In spite Ot solemn treaties VIII act III ehtu
case as IL suits their selfish aims. Ihe
paper sharply crlticizes The United states
Tor preventing Colombo from lahalns Ltoops
at Colon and says that therefore, the
friendly relations between the United Stdtcs
and Colombia Is he friendship Of the car
aud the mouse The Cologne Noiks AeituhS
finally admits the United states. rights
under the treaty to- protect isthmian tt1i
&c, "but only II Colombia expressly asks
for such protection which she has nor
douc, ana the paper calls the present 1'-
ton as "usurputory.' The Cologne Nplks
Zcitug also takes offrust al secretary
Hays recent speech. Charucterlziug ar
'blUggudoriU" Isis reference 10 the lulieu
states unlimited power and gigantic mi
Tie tarlnf discussion also continues to be
directed at the United States. AZ a meet
Ing Of the manufacturers Of the Cologne
district the secretary, Herr Steicr. Icfeucd
10 the threatening American competition,
adding that IL was necessary that the tgrtu
policy of Germany should take into ronsil
Grafton "this oVcrpoWtriuE competition.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-12-01
LACK OF MOTIVE FOR CRIME WILL
BE SET FORTH.
Government Concluded It's introduction
OF Testimony with the Father Of
Young Ayres the Deceased.

Washington, November 3o-rhe govern
ment today closed is ease In the trial OF
Mrs. Lola Ida Boniue for The killing Of j.
S, Ayrcs, Jr., aud Attorney Keeuc Of cou-
sci for the defense made preliminary
statcmcui in behalf ct Mrs Bonnie
u WAS mndc evident from Mr. Keeue's
statement that the defense would try TO
show lack Of motive for the crime on
the part OF Mrs Bouiue and to support her
plea that Ayres was killed in struggle
after no had tried to lntimidate her VITA Il
revolver.
The principal witness on the stand today
was Prof. Sehaeher. chemist. who made
microscopic examination Of the wrapper
worn hy Mrs B"niuC on the night of the
tragedy and who said that he had found TO
traces of blood upon tt nor upon the slip.
perS which she had worn on that occasion
Another witness was Ayrps' father. who
told of an interview he had with Mrs Ro.
nine three "r four DAYS after tho killing
She did not respond he said. 10 his efforts
10 arouse her sympathy.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1901-12-01
COLON FULL OF TROOPS.
The General PinzOn UnlOaded Nearly
a Thousand Men,
LIBERAL FORCES STILL SEEM DA1EO
Alban's Bloodless Victory Regarded a
Distinct Triumph and Wonderful
Achievement.

Colon. November 80. The towr is fpil ot
troop, from Barrauqnlla. over 700 soldiers
landed from tbe sunboU General Pmzon
last night rhey belonged in tho interior
of rolombin and are ire. 1bebodlcd men
ana veteran troops, having taken nalt IN
many previous engagements. among lh'In
are % few Of the female relatives
General Alban returned 10 Panama yes
torduy afternoon
on Thursday. hy cutting passage
through the woods unknown 10 Iolohei b al.
rerY who occupied small hill al 3ucnn
Vista "a detachment Of tue government
force, attacked BHrrcra troops IN tue Itd',
A cross fire I'm both front and rear resulted
in disaster to the attacked and the ultimate
surrender Of the town. me government
lest la tho Bueuu Vista engagement '"p.
lain Damlan Espiuoza and several other
Trom Panama comes the news that the
surrender of Colon to the government
struck the liberals Ike q thundcfholt uol
that they are still unable to realize the
fact that the CHI! Is again IN the hauds OF
the federal authorities
General Adams Colon triumph Wlthont
the AID of the troops from the gunpoat zen
cral plnzuu Is regarded here Us an achieve
mput thai may possibly lead him 20 tue
highcs, Aouors n the service Of the repuo-
llc He was welcomed az the railway sIA
ton last night 10y large crowd. HE went
from the station to- the barracks under eS
cort of ID torCflight procession headed hN q
band Along the line of march many WAS
Wcrr heard aud there WAS murh hthE OF
yqubs The restaurants We're open unlll ]"
clock in the evening for the first time lu
many months.
The rccapturc Of Colon Is admitted 10 he
almost death blow to me Ilper3l rause III
this department. There is NO douht ihat
guerillu warfare will hp resumed In the
mountains but stronger forces and better
orcuulzptions nrp considered essential
.ft e.. l.. D. %