The Indianapolis journal. [volume] (Indianapolis [Ind.]) 1867-1904, 1901-11-28
THE SCIENCE OF PENoLoGY.

This Is a book OF 450 pages. written by
Henry VI. Boies, member OF the Board of
Public Charities of Pennsylvania, and pub
lished by G. Z. Putnam's Sons, New York.
The work appears to contain a careful pre-
sentation of all the information relating TO
criminals that has been obtained by the
men who have considered the subject prac-
tically and theoretically. The writer divides
the science OF penOlogy into three depart
ments or acknowledgements. therapeutics
and hygienics. In the first department or
section. the science itself is explained;
crime Is defined; the criminal class is iden-
titled: the several species of criminals are
designated; the methods OF detection. iden-
LITIGATION and first treatment of individuals
are specified, and the social conditions
which conduce TO criminality are disclosed.
Therapeutics is that section of the science
which relates to the defense of society
against the criminal class; 1t states the
principles which regulate the repression of
crime. and formulates the laws governing
the treatment and cure OF criminals; fixes
the disposition which is made of convicts
according TO their character. and specifies
the remedies applicable to different phases
OF criminality. Hygienics treats of the
sources. origin and causes OF crime and
criminality. and the measures which are
necessary for the restriction of the crimi-
nal class and its final determination from
society.
The criminal class is composed Of those
member of society whose dispositions and
acts are hostile to its welfare. to its order.
10 its laws and customs and to the rights
OF its members. 1t includes not only those
uho have hoop 10HufoNol - -. -
who have escaped detection, those in whom
the disposition to crime exists, but all chill
dren whose heredity or environment pre-
disposes them 10 become criminals. Grim
inality cannot be suppressed or restricted
by neglecting action until the crime is COM
mated. any better than smallpox or ty-
phoid can be neglected until the doctor is
called. The scope of penal legislation. to be
effective. must comprehend the whole GRIM
inal class. IL is this noxious 2 per cent. Of
the crimlnally inclined that makes society
Insecure. This fact leads one writer TO urge
the determination OF all criminals by a
painless death. While this method is not
approved. Mr.. Boies does hold that gov
m should have a bureau which shall
~registe- the criminally inclined or diseased.
70 the end that remedies may be applied
for the protection of society.
In the science OF penology punishment
for the crime perpetrated. simply as pun
ishment holds no place. since all treatment
OF the criminal must be with a view TO the
good OF society. The purpose OF the arrest
and sentence OF young criminals should be
To bring about the cure OF the disease.
which crime is held TO be. Any system OF
prison confinement which does not embrace
the means OF recovery is defective. Hence.
the reformatory and the reform school a K
the place OF the penitentiary, but when a
man Is sent TO the reformatory or 10 any
other prison he should not be permitted 10
leave until he is cured OF his disease. any
more than he would be discharged from a
hospital before recovery. Half the convlcts
In our prisons are recldivists. or backslid-
ers-men who commit a fresh crime as soon
as they are out OF prison. This criminal is
q social pest and should be kept perpetu-
ally In prison for the security OF society
and because IL l. much more economical 10
do 50 \ large part OF the S6O0. OoO. 600 which
IL costs this country annually 10 hold crime
I'm check is expended 70 guard against the
criminals who are popularity classed az pro-
fessionals. but whom the writer CLASHES
as the criminal expert class" and 1.-The
parent and educator, the inspiration and
example Of youthful cnminality-the un-
falling source and spring OF the reinforce
ments which bafie and defeat all the ef-