davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
RIGHT UP TO DATE.
@enson's Plaster Is Pains Mastery

These are days of records and of the beat
ing of records. Benson's Porous Plaster. for
quickness of action and thoroushness Of
cure, has no records to beat except its own.
Benson's Plaster, always the best, ALWAYS
the leader, is to-day better than euer. It
sticks to the skin but never sticks in its
tracks. It marches on.
The people not only want to be cured
but cured Qaickly-and Benson's Plaster
does it. Coughs, colds, lumbago, asthma,
bronchitis, liver and kidney Complaints.
and other ills approachable by an external
remedy, yield to Benson's as ice does to heat.
Neither Belladonna, Strengthening or
Capsicum plasters are to be compared with
Benson's. People who have once tested
the merits of Benson's Plaster have no use
for any other external remedy.
More than 5000 physicians and drug
gists (and Thousand times as many non
professional persons) have called Benson's
Plasters one Of the few C) home remedies
that can be trusted.
Ffty-fve highest awards have been made
to II In competition with the best known
plasten of Europe and America. Better
proof of its merits is inconceivable. Be
sure to get the genuine.
For sale by all druggists, or we will pre-
pay postage on any number ordered in the
United States, on receipt of 25c. each.
seabary d Johnson, Mfg. Chemists, NJ.
q . 4
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
One Fare Plus 81.


There are still some good lands In northwest
ern Iowa. southwestern Minnesota and South
Dakota. and II you are expecting to make q
change In location. you should take advantage
and third Tuesday Of each month excursion
tickets, bearing q DAYS limit. can be purchased
to all points on the Burlington Cedar Rapids &
Northern Railway, north Of and including Alb
bolt, Shell Rock and Wayerly at ONE FARE
plus So. 5.'7
Full information relative to these lands will
be cheerfully given upon application to Messrs.
Ilten q Brooks, our Industrial and Enumeration
Agents, Cedar Rapids, Iowa
II you are thinking Of making trip to any
point in Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona,-BrItisfl
columbia. Canadian Northwest. Colorado, Flor.
Kansas, Kentucky. Louisiana. Manitoba, Min.
nesota MI Michigan Missouri. Mississippi Mon
North Dakota. Oklahoma. Oregon South Dakota
South Carolina, Tennessee. Texas. Utah, Vir-
glnia. Washington. Wisconsin and Northern
Michigan and Wyoming, call on agents Of the
Cedar Rapids Route for rates, etc.. or address
JOHN q. FARMER, A. G. p. b 7. A.,
B., g. X, s. N. Ky.
5-21w Cedar Rapids, Ia.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
Old Soldier. Warned.

Z d.
Washington, March 14.-Old soldiers
are warned against an Oklahoma In
dustry which is booming. They are
put on their guard by the interior de-
partment. The bait is "frec home"
for $50. 1t has already caught some Of
the veterans. Others more prudent are
writing to the department. They are
thereby saving $19.98. the difference be-
tween the &c stamp and the sawbuck.
A letter dated at Trser, Iowa, is one Of
many -.lowing the magnitude of the
speculation. threads:
"Mr. Blank is urging old soldiers to
send him q complete power oi attorney
and 800. he will file on government
land homestead claim for esch old
soldier. The soldier will have six
months time to complete his entry and
pay Mr.. Blank $50 moro as his fee for
the work. Some old soldiers have gone
from here to Zee this man In Oklahoma
They did not leave their $50 for fear
that he could not file. He was getting
hundreds of $50 bills to file land for
soldiers. This matter is all the talk
among the old soldiers here. 1 have
suggested to them to wait until could
write and find If 1t is safe. And II you
can hurry up the answer we will all be
grateful to You. There are many old
soldiers who want to get q home when
this new territory is opened"
The answer to this and all like in.
quiries is that no rules and regulations
for the opening of the lands have been
framed. The old soldiers are strongly
advised against sending their $40 bills
to agents in Oklahoma. The lands Of
the Wichita, Kiows and Comanche
reservations canaot be opened unit
August, If then. Long In advance o'
that time the plan by which the land.
will be made available for settlement
viii be announced officially. Until tn,
government is heard from no advances
such % the Ok .homa agents are in,
Wiling should BIZ n..da.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
Calf Growing.

A correspondent from Taylor coun-
ty, Iowa, asks at what age calves should
be put on skim-milk and what and how
much should be fed with it to make 1t
suitable food.
The calf should be allowed the milk
from natures fountain for the first
week and by all means should be al
lowed the first milk, or colostrum.
Nature intended this for It's especial
benefit and for the benefit of no one
else. 1t is q powerful aperient, or
physic, and tonic as we'll and is in
tended to free the calf from the me-
conIum, or foetal matter in Its bowels
In the foetal stage, without the removal
of which no calf has any chance for q
useful life. At the end of week
we would milk the COW and feed the
calf the whole milk, putting in the
first day small amount, say one sixth
or one eight of sweet milk, and at the
same temperature Of the cows milk
We would gradually increase this and
at the end of ten days or two weeks have
the calf on sweet skim milk altogether
and balanced with corn and oatmeal
mixed; feed, however, not In the milk
but separately and little at time.
This should be continued till the
calf is thirty days old or is able to eat
shelled corn. The amount to be given
cannot be stated for all calves for the
reason that calves differ In their ca
pacities. Some will use ten pounds OF
pints; others twelve or fifteen. A good
COW should furnish twice as much
skim milk as the calf needs. There
are more calves injured by feeding
too much than to little.
The skim-m milk should be fed sweet
and when the calf is young 1t shoult
be fed warm. II the farmer canno
provide the skim milk sweet he hat
better not try to raise q calf In thi
way but will find his profits as
whole as great, II not greater, b,
allowing the calves to suck the cows
Creameries can furnish the mill
sweet If they want to; that is, the
can sterilize it; or II they cannot AM
will not do this. they can hoil 1t, 0
pasteurize 1t, In which case 1t will kee
sweet for from twenty four to thirty ST
hours. fasteurized milk, that is, mil
kept for ten minutes at ia temperstur
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
Good Ady,ce.

The most miserable beings in the
world are those suffering from Dyspep-
sia and Liver Complaint. More than
seventy-five per cent of the people in
the United States are afflicted with
these two diseases and their effects:
such as Sour Stomach, Sick Headache
Hsbitual Costiveness, Palpitation of
the Heartburn, Waterbrash, Gnawing
and Burning Pains at the Pit of the
Stomach, Yellow Skin, Coated Tongue
and Disagreeable Taste in the Mouth,
Coming up of Food after eating, Low
Spirits, etc. Go to your Druggist and
get bottle Of August Flower for 75
cents. Two doses will relieve you
Try it. Get Green's Prize Almanac
For sale by DIR. Donnelly. Ryan, Iowa
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
Fashion Before Cleanliness.
IDe,roit Free.Press.l

lDetrOlt Ffee-ffeS6l
What is the use of the women's or
gin'zations sending out printed
pledges" requiring the women who
sign them to wear short skirts for
walking? The sweeping skirt is Q
nuisance. Every man knows this.
every woman knows it. When the
short walking skirt was the fashion 1t
was thought lat least by the men Of
small experienced that women, having
tasted the delights of greater ease and
cleanliness, would not be quick 10 for
go these at the instance of q man mil
line-. But the fiat went forth for The
sweeping skirt and the parlor germ
collector is still with US. The added
ease and cleanliness of the short skirt
was not feather weight in the bal
ance. (. ..,..s
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
why ! became a pa,ryman.

wv. G. Bradley, Wiscons'n.)
When first started into farming,
put all my land in wheat, as WAS then
the custom. For two or three years
everything went fairly well, but it took
a lot of hard work and some book keep
ing to buy machinery, hire help and pay
500 year interest. The chinch bug
came lorg and helped meto harvest my
wheat, and one day IS / was oiling my
binder saw the canvass covered with
bugs, and knew that this industry
must re abandoned. ~
What to do next WAS the question.
After attending dsiry meeting, | con-
clnd+d that Keeping cows was the way
out 90 the treabse. FOL bor,o wed moneyi,
built q silo, ought cfeamer, hunted
up some Jersey cows and began dairy
ing. Ihave been at 1t ever since, with
good results. True, it is hard work,
but 1t keeps me ont of mischief and at
hon nights. 1t gives me good habits,
as the dairyman knows he mnet feed
well and ke. p himself In order or he
will get no results. 1t furnishes steady
work the year around at good wages.
Dairying keeps up the fertility on the
farm, which helps to increase the bank
account. 1t will ray the M rtgage on
the farm and help to get mortgage
on the other fellows farm If we went
it.
became dairyman for the same
reason became bald-headed, because
] couldn't help it. Sometimes with l
could trade the farm for fish pond or
turn it into a strawberry patch. Then
take my pencil and try to figure out
how could get s2oOa month out of 1t.
The strawberry crop and prices are both
uncertain, but people must have milk,
cream and butter every day, 20 keep
on milking for the money there is in 1t
| Orange Judd Farmer.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20

of 100 degrees, is better than steriIized;
it is more digestible and the calves like
1t better.
By following these methods a good
calf can be raised by hand and on
about half the milk usually given by q
8 BOD COW. After the calf is able to ee t
shellef corn this is the cheapest and
best balance that can be given. If the
other half is given to the lips to
balanee up the shelled corn which they
usually receive in excess, the pigs will
be benefited as much as the calf
Wallace's Farmer.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20

1t Is stated that there will be no call
or Evangelist Williams for q second
crusade for $4,000 in Waterloo. The
Ministerial A 'aociation were not agreed
on'he propriety of asking him to come
here again. There is q difference Of
opinion among ministers as there is
among the people generally. ss to the
permanent ADVANCES of his methods of
evangilization to the cause of religion.
This difference of opinion is natural
and is no cause for hard feelings one
way or the other Waterloo Tribune.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
SEEDS FOR SALE.
Glover, Timothy and Corp at
loft HUTcH1NsoN's BANK.

David City, Neb., April l, 1900.
Genessee Pure Food Co., Leroy, N. Y.
Gentlemen:-I must say In regard to
Grain q that there is nothing better OF
healthier. We nave used it for years
My brother was great coffee drInker
he WIS., AIKEN sick and the doctor SAID
coffee WAS the canse of It, and told III
to use Graln-O. We got package but
did moi like it at first, but now would
not be without 1t. My brother has been
well ever since we started to use It.
Yours Truly,
Lille Sochor.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20

Washington, d. G.
Genessee Pure Food Co, Leroy, N. Y.
Gentlemen:-Our family realize 60
much from the use of Grain-O that
feel must say word to induce others
to use it. If people are interested in
their health and the welfare of theil
children they will use no otner bever.
age. ! have used them all, but Grain o
I'hsve found superior to any, for the
reason that it is solid grain.
Yours for health,
q. +. Meyers.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
Uncle Hiram on Higher Criticisms.

Uncle Hiram on Higher Crtttclems.
Me an Martha heard the lecture
At the church the other day,
An I'D really like to tell you
What the preacher had to say;
For he talked In measured rhythm
On the "Higher Criticism
An he said ole fashioned doctrines
Now have mostly passed away.
An he said the light o. science
Had full many comments won
Since the higher criticisms
Had it, mob work begun.
Jest rs II tho light Of man
Could illuminate God plan;
Jest AZ II tallow candle
Could illuminate the sun.
An he told how evolution
Had improved the humanface.
How environments assisted
To ameliorate the race.
Heharranged the congregation
Over Reconsideration,
But he scarcely touched the topic
Of the power o. saving grace.
Me an Martha sat an listened,
But we didn't understand
What this high toned city preacher
Tried to figure out so grand.
II was all too deep for me.
For really could not see
How Il helped us on our journey
To the bright celestial land.
Why this higher criticism?
Why this thoerz zing craze?
Prying into plans eternal:
Doubling Gods mysterious ways;
When the bible reads SO clearly.
Here's sample love dearly,
Ants got enough o. gospel
For the balance OF my days. -
kCame ye weak and heavy laden.
Come and will give you rest:
Drop thy load Of sin and sorrow:
Lay thy head upon my breast"
Why don't every gospel preacher
Try to follow the Great Teacher.
Both In walk and conversat on,
n they want their labors blest?
1 suppose the the worlds advancing
At very rapid rate,
An my pore ole fashioned notions
May be sadly out O. date,
But III give this word o. warning:
On the resurrection morning.
Higher Criticism lectures
Won't unlock the golden gate.
-Buffalo Express.
n H
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
Change of Tim. on tho Chicago
Great Westarn r r

Ss "oosoAA ~ ~.
+ On March Bird, 1901, the Chicago
Great Western r. r. puts into effect q
new schedule, adding some new trains
and shortening the time of others. The
faster time is made possible by the new
and powerful passenger engines recent.
~ purchasedhy the company.
For changes If time, see time card IL
these columns. For further informa
tton consult any Chicago. Great West
ern Agent, or F. II. Lord, Genl. Pass
Agent, Chicago. l1w3
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
L,ARTE DE la NODE

Ravens Poultry Food is positive
cure for chicken cholera. roupe, grapes
and all diseases of poultry. 1t regu.
lates the bowels blood and digestive
organs; produces bone, muscle and
larger fowl, and makes hens lay eggs
in winter. Young chickens will grow
rapidly free from disease. 1t increases
production of eggs, prevents all disease
and makes fine large fowls.-For sale
by w. A. Abbott, Drugs, Manchester,
Iowa.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20

Like bad dollars, all counterfeits Of
DeWitt's Witch Hazel Sslve are worth
less. The original quickly cures piles,
sores and sll akin diseases. Smith Bros.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20

Come to head quarters for Bard rlymoth Rock
Cockerels. One mile south east Of Manchester.
sc Benz. Brown.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20

BARGAIN IN RESIDENCE pRopERTy
house and lot in one Of the best resident
portions OF CITY OF Manchester for aale cheap
anu Oh easy terms. Good dwelling, bars, etc.
Enquire At DEMOCRAT OFFICE,
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
10 Acre Farm For Sale.

For brood sows Raven Stock Food
has no equal. The pigs will be strong
and have plenty Of milk. It cnres
sconrs In pigs and lambs II removes
worms from hogs, cures colds and
feyers; prevents pneumonia and disease,
and makes them do well. IL aside dI
gestion. gives good appetite and makse
rapid and large growth. When freely
fed to hogs and pigs It will surely pre-
vent hog cholera sale BY w. A.
abbott, a Drugs, Manchester, lows.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20

~ u. III lindsay. M. n.
nHYSICIAN, surgeon and Eye Specialist.
4 Oiiice hours for eye Cases and httlng glasses
1908 70 s:OO ,. IN. Office corner Nam cid rank
siiA streetA.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
FREp =. sLAIH.
ley At LAW. Ofice In the City Hal
IplIn,yalolXM,I,s.

A. y. WARD
4 PHYSICIAN and surgeon, viii attend TO calls
4 promptly st all hours Vi the day or night,
aAm0ns, lows. Il
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20

CYCLONE AND TORNADO
Insurance in nrst class companies written and
policies issued BY BRONSON & CARR.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
FOR SALE

FOR SALE,
! have 4 desirable shorthorn bulls for sale. 6
70 u mouths 0ld. Can be seen at my farm one
40 A.N.sMITH
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
HHLAwRRNc]

OsTEoPATHIc PHYSICIAN.
H. McGnR ID. o. OsTEOPATnY Is q
~. system Of treating diseases without the use
Of drugs. n r Information call or write. La
GRIPPEts successfully treated. ONCE over
Gregg y Wards i,rug store.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
I. Il. MOONEY.

!. a Successor to Lee B0wman.l
IpLACKSMITH and Wagonmeker. Delhi,
Z III Iowa Work done promptly and In work
z nlanlike manner. Charger reasonable. Your
patronage solicited. iSd
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20

HOLLisTEe LUMtEa CO.
7 uMBER and all kinds Of building materials,
~ Posts and Coal. Corner of Delaware 10
Madison streets
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
DENTISTS. i1r

o. a. DUNHAM D. D. y.
lNENTIsTS. Once over Csrhart AdAms'
" hnrd dware store, franklin st. Manchester,
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20

ALLEN 4 STOREY.
ftLoTHING and Gents furnishing goods. Cor
( " ner Main and franklin streets.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
q. W. poRMAN.

taENTlST. once ON franklin Street. north
I ~ Of the Globe Hotel, Manchester, Iowa.
dental surgery In all its branches. Makes
.sQuent visits 70 neighboring towns. Always
~ of1oe on Saturdays,is
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20

RIDDELL d CO.,
sINRY GOODS, Carpets, Millinery. Hats anc
" Caps Boots and Shoes, etc., Main ST.,
Manchester. Iowa.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20

L. n. STOUT.
5f.,EOTHING and Gents furnishing goods.
W City Hall Block, Franklin Street.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
Our Business Directory.

TNsuRE YOUR PROPERTY against cyclones
i and tornsdoss y The old reliable Phoenix
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20

C.L. LEIGH. DID. >.
CAentist. Once over Ander Il Philipps Drug
I. u Store Corner Main and Franklin streets.
Manchester Iowa. Telephone 1885, i76
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20

r.. WERkMElSrER
4, SENERAL DEALER IN FURNITURE
VI Cotins. Picture Frames, Etc. complet,
,tock OF Furniture and Upholstery always OF
hAnd, at prices that defy competition. goot
kiexrse kept for attendance At funerals. Earl
willie. IoNA. 49,. 80 l.-t-a 49,.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20

a. THORPE.
OF KALAMITY'S PLUM
4 fdpr Store and Dealer In Clothing. Bouts.
Shoes, Notions. etc. Masonic Block Ganches-
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
GEO. 81 LiSTEP.

III Keeps hrstrclass timer and does ail
kinds Of repairing with neAtness and dispatcf.
store opposite First National Bank. Main "
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20

q. q. NEWcoMB.
nENTIST. ONCE over Clark Lawrence's
! u store OH Franklin street. Crown
orIdge work specially. VIII meet patients at
Farley Wednesday Of each week. .s2n
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20
VETERINARIAN.

N. N. 30, NroN. !. F. McEwHN.
x BOYNTON q McEWEN.
4 ~ Jewellers and EngrAyers
Nv dealers in Watches, Clocks, Silver and
st'lAted Ware, Fine JeWelry. epectaeles, cutlery,
4 Musical Instruments, etc., Main street. 23
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1901-03-20

Il A. y. BROWN.
\ Aeaier lii furniture etc.. and undertaken,
III Man Street.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1901-09-28

office in New York, and invariably re-
fused money compensation for his
services.
OF Delicate Health When n Lad.
Roosevelt was a pale and delicate
boy, the very opposite in health of
what he has since become. Plenty of
outdoor air and physical exercise soon
began to give him a good degree of
bodily vigor, and in his college years
he became skilled in boxing and
wrestling.
In Harvard university he held good
rank as a scholar, giving especial at
tention to natural history and gen.
eral historical subjects. After his
graduation from Harvard in 1880 he
continued his studies at Dresden and
then travelled in Europe and the east.
Roosevelt Enters Politics.
In 1881 Roosevelt, 20 years of age,
began his active life in New York. And
with him activity was activity. His
father had instilled into his mind a
contempt for the man who drifts
through an inactive life of comfortable
self-indulgence, achieving nothing.
He tried a plunge into New York
politics. In his city district was a re-
publican machine combination that
showed no disposition to recognize his
desire to become a member of the leg
islature. He fought the machine and
defeated it..
In 1884 he appeared before the ma.
ton. His health troubled him and he
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1901-09-28

formed. The president is dead: the
president lives; long live u presi-
dent!
Theodore Roosevelt is the twenty
sixth president of the United States,
and the fifth vice president to succeed
to the executive chair. John Tyler was
the first, succeeding William Henry
Harrison. Willard Fillmore was the
second; he succeeded Zachary Taylor.
The assassination of Abraham Lincoln
brought Andrew johnson into the
white house. James A. Garfield was
succeeded by his vice president, Ches-
ter A. Arthur. Roosevelt has one ad-
vantage over all these four men in
that he comes into his great office bet
ter known to the public than any OF
them. Almost from boyhood he has
been more or less in the eyes of the
public.
This statesman, legislator, author,
student, huntsman, rough rider and
warrior is a descendant through nine
generations from early Dutch settlers
OF New York. Along this ancestralline
There have been infusions of Scotch,
IRISH n French-Huguenot blood. The
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1901-09-28

Shakea Up the Police.

Shakes Up the Police.
From Washington he passed to a po-
lice commissionership in New York
city. His peculiar ability to work, and
work on right lines, gave the corrupt
police force such a shaking up as it had
never had before. He was police COM
missioner in every sense of the word,
.unbribable, unapproachable, fair to
the fair-minded, severe on the GRIM
inal. His books continued to sell in
increasing number, and the public
through the press, began to have q
broader view of him.
When the Spanish-American war
came he was assistant secretary of the
navy by the authority of President Nc
Kinley. He had much to do with the
organization of the navy for the con-
fict, and it has always been believed
that his influence largely contributed
to the sending of Admiral Dewey to
Hong-Kong, and thence to Manila bay.
When war became a certainty Mr..
Roosevelt resigned his position in the
navy department, and with Gen. Leon
ard Wood organized the First volun-
teer cavalry, better known as the
rough riders. Gen. Wood was colonel
of this regiment and Mr.. Roosevelt