The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1901-09-01

II NhF NoANIhINs Nhf WY ultImfikn IlNfI#
tuition. the parish Incubator j. likely
10 becoIne common. II any real chez,
10 race degeneration " Ia he founl, n must
come from religion and moral p]rucipl.
IL must come To be considered immoral ani
irrcligious for parsons physically. morally
and intellectually weak 10 havD orsping
Legislation may give some little nssistar,
In this direction. but not until public Upiu. 70
has precedcd IL. II u only The education ~
the people 20 a higher morality that cal
be Of much avail In timo. tie propagate
Of weakness and misery NAV come a. ts
counted among sins
In his chapter on Tho Great Unrrp-
grcesive People Mr.. Headlev avs tha' %
Chinese problem divides itself into thrDs
questions which must h. treated SEPARATE
First. why for centuries past have 'N.
Chinese made no progress In civ.Ilalur'
secondly. how. without adva-. ing, lays
they been able 20 maintain their avllt-
tion ri about the highest levcI rrarho'
Thrifty. why has the physical dcg"u"ra'.uu
that. aided by other causes, ruined H'.rr
ancient civilizations not mad A. urI-a'-
ancc In China our author thinks 'r'r. "a
IL no difficulty IN answering ~" tr-' u'--
ton. II the cause Of progre-s L. "a. 90" ..-
lieves. contact Ia war. trade and general
Intercourse with neighboring nations.
Partly the Chimes. have hs-n shut 80 '
natural boundaries, that - 20 say. - >
mountains Of Thilst In th' west ani
de-erts on the northwest. On the uu-'a
the Emperor Hwangti Csoon after y g..
200 built the Great Wall to shut on ir-
vaderr and t-ypnd thoss bounlanc- were
nations which lived far inland under gore
ditions unfayorable 10 progress ami v', a
Jagged behind tho Chimes la c%iylISa' q.
The se,coast 10 very limited IN extent c'I-
s,deriug tho =i1s Of the Celestial ifup.r".
and its capacity a. a doorway for M" go
trance OF now ideas was much r-i.n
hy the Chine-n como .iion 81 all forrl...s
AS utter barbariaus. Up to the time v' q
the Chinese came In frequent contact N %
Turorrans tho conception VA, roa-nnn.
enough. There was nothing IN The ioreIgr
rias they knew worth ~uurrnNluS.
Ilen.- the i~ngrsIn"d D~li"f tnat al tory.gn'.s
W.-, contemplate. H. a word, IA" chimes
have lived secluded from the r'st ~ ''"
human rnc', h'non their long stagnaiI"i.
On the rare ocCa.iuu- wh'a an llra l''Nl
outsidc has t.netrutcl 90 them they hh'"
set IL aside a. a prev Of out''-nafhAI. 'a
folly and have continued tn"ir way AL :
tho OH track from which for centutire no
racc has never deviatcd nor wished q" ""-
viate.
4 al more Alll'NA y 49,.
How. without advancing. have the ,hrn'-'
been nhla tn maintain their %ciNlhHAl %
at tho highest h'vcl f,achr'if u b. A't
that Their, are strong. consolidating i"i''
AT work lp the first place, th'r' i- "'h-
munitv Of AtnguaE" All educat'd 'iN"-
| mcn-Rnd education " very genera
write ga" same rIHract"r and ihr'us ~
medium 90 writing. arr mutually ht''hk"'
from whatever province they may '""'
II u true that the spoken language nae -
49, 80 80 "a NHsMNa az NhINHHNa f'NAI
have iivcrgcd - far from one another MAJ
pf,rticaIlV. they may ho considered nv
f.rpnt tongues. TIE difference ol sl-- Ga.
howcyer. does not reduce IN" binding power
81 the written language That y a. ~
teligihle throughout china ~ ~ the n'"'''-
plc.tton table 90 men Of different SiTF'h
Throughout Europe. In tho second pla'r',
the system of competitive "Aainiihu'I'
gives the people al interest ~ 'he h''''h-
mont. Education l. CHEAP. and any one
WHO chooses NAV coupet" in The Sllr>
of sxamiunti,nH which open the way to lhe
hig h.st appointments ~ IA" cnpf' 'ul'A
10 a true democracy there l. NO Citr~ lflN'-
lege bN birth The merit 81 IN" system
which disi nbutes administTaiiNe all"l.'-
ments according TO educational tests.
i this. that no ChiuamAn " d"bsfied hi
his youth from the hope 81 nSing 10 the TOP
of IN. tree II he cannot rise, II IN MS
own i~ncapacity hat arrests hr ptoHf'rN-
Mis-, INSTITUTION. asks Mr. HcAdley, ~
better calculated sAau The Chimes system
Of compeiiuv" combinations io inak" men
support.rs Of the existing constitution aii
worShipp.rs 81 things ~ they are IN"
only ONCE not throw. oreii to competition
Is tbs, of Emperor. and no thlnainan WHO
knows how completely that Pot"h'a's
l. a slav. - custom, II not OF duty l. hh'.N
TO covct thu position.
In the third place. the -Four Books ari
the Five Classice, which are the subjects
of study and which form the bases OF 10
c,mt.tttiye examinations, 4" Institute iF'
great stor-hou-a 81 morality ana ""
dom t. which the Chinese are cnntlnuA''
referring Herr, then. n another pow
which C,nmeut- the nation together NJ
,.ducated citizens OF the Celestial Emp.r'
read and admire these writing OF ~" "-'
OF old and tie study Of them produ,
which Is more pow erful than any free
masonry. Not only, however, 81"
ancient; classics. and tie eNHuiul'
haaring on them. hold the empire i'g
they are. IN addition, a powerful ni'~
that prevents tho corruption 81 tn it' -
life Nowhern In the world has tho" l-'l
a code Of law or morals that has $50 :
remained a living intiuencS Tor goo h'h
n we admit that Chinese CNluf N''
much below the Eururcan prnt'"' -
fact remains that the Chimes Il'" a3-
vanced a long way up the incline ami : az
thew have not slid down again toward
harhsrtsm v attributed 10y our h.'
largely 10 their great classical 7H'
AlrflN. tNe NlNNf f'lN~AAAbANAA ~ ~ f''
cirtv -.~atus admirably contriv"d g. p-r
d~isintegration and drcadenc' Va" ~
IL the unit There are no isohi'd
except tho=c who have i-7h
relied from their families for dl-g 'r-
iul conduct. The HsSial unit Whl"h -
sIeak IT a. a family, often include u'.
thr~r or four generations living N
one roof. The family council sits ~
mcnt on offending members, and
even inhict severe punishment ~
the intervention 81 n Mandarin
II that law, a. cmanatiug non
PLAYS a verv small part In CO.
LIE Compared with the family ~" ~ :
l. a comparatively unimportant u~..-
ton. and IN. r~ottenne-- Of th" '''
ment does not mean. u "a" sam" 'N
A. IL would la the West. a rOttenu''-- H
national lie. Within taInilis- in'
of thought must rt-e and fall In iH' -
channels Of Chinese life thor" mus
Ia the flow. fppds and d. g.
but IN the main channels the si''H
There are no great l'2-'
pnorts. no great movements SgarIe'
avil-. l-Cau~. the evils. hen 'h"F "'",
ar. ch.cGcd within the family amt .''
life n perp~tually rriuNir '-
by reference 10 the standards Of 10" ar.''''
To the third question whv c~i'l'is''..A
d.