davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Union times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1894-1918, 1901-05-03
EHorec Prcshytery and
Other LOckharf Locals

me E0ore Piesbytery which met -,
i-ockliart, was an unusually large dele.
sa'ioll aud each session Was we'll a,,,.,J
| Gu. We had three days of bpau,,tu
| SpiHG weather, Al each evening s...
vice me chpaci"uS Preshy ttiiau cl urch
was iiiie" L" Owe! flowing. and The e NJ
S,tg'tlohS were each Night r-warj II Il,
re re 'Act'hhC services. Dr. S.tnutI
up, returned Missionary tom I,,,,
f''hc"rd iit oicn'uE sermon On W,d.
mEHY evening" Dr. Il. NJ, NcG..,,i'
W W 'it''' ' L., l' ni, re,i Il liue ;, ya,. n ~,
o''o 1t" J@c, OF R~renlaneH. TIE ch 81 o.
3et crS: thursday evening. cohsjstt d ,l
t.n,eits'ing missionary ard educational
'aIHS oy distinguished divines.
we sincerely trust that the moral at
mo p''clc l"NaGiDg the town du,i, q
theii stay among Us will not soru FAD,
away. ''' i""r
~. litnd"rsoD, the famous corretist
., Hp"i RAJ bG!g, is III cur town. aud mi |
l,l"S WIN III" haLd several nights d,,r;r,o |
Dic eek. You must all come Ia n,r |
mex concert. We a;e proud of nn,
'an", ard word ike 10 htv. oar fci,nJ.
'hJ'y The music with us. The band rnn.
,eiI , ia"' We-k W.ls . grand success in
'Vt ry par;icu'ar :"
MIS-; }. W Livingston and Le
aush'eTS, Misses >,lii" and Clara, La,.
tGI ntd 50 ih'Ir home ut SENECA
va f!idiY dtternpOn I'll . entire + ,.,x
trC lrdln was dralled by means ,t ;,
Sp IL E"ItiI " NJ ii ,ries we're :,
'iVeu AM as tie accj ient o.c,rrrd ~
e F)ilC q d5't!1 tt'ol Very little ia. !
'nvehiencS Was expI iencpd S
non; j. {. Cary with his wife and t
u, " blther, sp"u; FIidiy in SotrtIl.
"S' +. Ii, ". [
The Union times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1894-1918, 1901-05-03
Notice of Election for
Special School District
Office of Co Snnt p,.

~ oliiee Of Co. Supt. Education
~ me County Board OF Edncatjon y,
oh'oh county haYing heen petitionad VI
ny one-thlrd of the qualified eIee 4 snrt
pi Johesville to order an eleotinn 10
o1 hrld ut said place to sscer,.to w.
"hether special school tax of ,hnan
mmhi'a l",t's oe levied to supplement the
pubic FUNDS already available ,he M
urea OF territory to be taxed m an o
scrioe circle whose radius .bai, I be-
y" Two miles, the centre of which sbsm J1
ne 'ne public well near the / / i,
ueJ'hn store, At said elegtjon th.
board OF Trustees shall act os ,oan
%aserS % ana the election shall mo n",
uuc.td a. az provided by law far con co
n"te OF general elections. Election %
q pe htld ut Jonesville, S. c. ON ON
saturday, May lltb, 1901 ~ on
D. b. FANq,
DAVIS JEFFRIEs,
,o l.. N. RICE,
io.-e 90. Board Ed. U G.
The Union times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1894-1918, 1901-05-03
LOCKHARr NEWS NOTES.
The Band Entertainment a Big
SUCCESS.

ShccCSSs
E.;.,. a,,;, t,o Jooh, ., ~ ,no,
p,,,a 80. :, r,,,S;.a, ante,tai,n,e,,t viii
~. o'''....,'i,,> W. Lii Il - no,icn
81" ,in '' r,n,;,..,l ,..', nf ,hs eu,,,a;nment
r' ,t,... ,,,,,,.,n u.s =, ndor, n.
t,,7,,.,, t,,n,n Mine
> i<;.,,,,,-,Ii ~, ,,,.
:, I;',,,, ilIsn D,xie
ii',i.t ii..,,u.
4, ,.t. >,,,e
4 Untv llIa
i.tyr,,, Rncus
= Slr,.,. ,,r,yn pix.
q, H., H,n.. 10 R,se
IN ~ rnL~ Mikes
~ D,S',, nn P,r,da
ID IGxia
NO r;rc,s ,..re vol, randered eacI
,n,,nt,a,! nr ,I,. II I'd n1rfo. mig his par-
l;,,I.,r nnr, Vim cr.IIt tn him a AMI
in rn q rr rm,Icar.y t; ~ 10 Which @
i.,nn,,,d
NnI, IN ,.,rarI "a th, ,nney lac,
sist.d ,f IT,. ,.,,,n c,ka and l.u,nnd
,II v,.z ,r..,,t.d over and diSp,ns Il hv
,In f.,i, Dis nf In.kh,rt II j. su;
ti,.i..,,t tn s,v ihat the rpfrcshmants we're
.rcc,., in ,vnrv 1psnect as the rec .ip.s
rmn f., h.ynrd thei, most sauruine cx-
". ,I.iinu
h.,u,;r,L c,,l,o WAS vo',d to tho
most ,,,rn,,r ,,.,,r ,Iv nr, s,ut Mss
hd,l;s S,no~Ii.s was IN. u inner Miss
V,lat Ninn, leoI r.c.ivjnp the u.xL
hionrst number of woes Was ais, pre-
spr,ed with y cake
Thp,n rrn,ai,is vet nnrI of which I
did not have in tlia Giyis,on of lhe head
;nos moan ia an,,ienc, Ic,nn,t
s,y th,t thn ,rJ;auca an fb;s occ,sinn
was an execution to The rule of o,h,r
audiences cn;nposed of the L"ckhavt
mill uaonl4 but il va, remarkpl by 4
u, u,ominent visitor that the behavior was
=, nesr uarfpct rs well could h. No
l. nd or hoisiernus talking or any woe;
or act on the uart of aHv one to cause
tle blood tn mount to thp ch. rks of IN.
most refined lady of uur Land
Our visitor IF visitor he M OH, I've
Uut Nio'1ol w Nio'Noi ro III
a ,i,rtives to the cred Of the L,o knarJ
u rp'n and WAS uleased to s,y mluv
ul,;,;I,, lhjurs ahout them il a general
w,y IIr ,n9kr ur Inckhart b inr an
III. y cn;l,,, min low, That The NOR
mis- nf u,.. ii. g. ,yu,,i,I ro,npar. ,,avor,by
with I'M, Of any othnr,.,iIlv wh,.h-r
Town or couutry Fur,b.r That W, y-r-
fortunately l.. nted in AN atmosphere
that would enhance the growth of mo.-
ality. Not anything that offends can
remain long at L0ckhnt
Although this is quite new town we
have two hice churches and two services
anu tlree SUNDAY Ntt"1.S e"c'I sunday.
Bnt must STOP, MAS wrlt'ng about
Tie '%nd ana VII lei'hh' cur l. cN.
haiC h"nn Gtl'&''iy oeSrlV'S lnnch cicdi'
III su 'ouhui"S mem !' ,eA'rS W.I an at
=, - -
The Union times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1894-1918, 1901-05-03
Yours For Good Values,
Mcclure Mercantile Co,
Reduced Rates.

rates as follows: "'ceS reduced
an 10 Columbia. :. G. anJ r.tr
an, pU'n's III thr State OF S,u;h CaroI;un
c.1onhC a. c.o animal Reunion IIuitod mna'
NJ veterans of South CaroIion
MY o-li, 1901. Round trim .;nua, .;nn,
frn m' W so,d at specially rduasd dTae.s raeoS
,unt Houtli Carolina points Gn Ar, ,"s o.,
100 Zoo, ''h' good to return until M.r "si
n;2 ~; Following total round ~, to.I,
,.orro ",r NC IN erect from points naml.d NAM dta.ps
noinr,SSpohdingiy low rates front otHhaa tHhma
G AsSseeyi''s: 81 ssI e. $ c s. 10; Anderson 3
vile '1' chester. 5 G. 81 Is: Graan =.
81 ~. oc o sS.2o; Greenwood y q
fani n,g gisSHg16urg, :: g.. 81 OO: Suar.
ST 30. s' o. ~ VI So; Union, i. C..
Z New Orleans, La. and re,nrn o...
Muntrh baptist Association noot; ;unt
way Sth-l6th, 1901. Rate ~ nna ang,
nn;a u,ass lare FOR the round tr.n re-, ntsS %
h's lr; on lines OF Southern ra;I. AIi
1not noKets t" be sod May nh s,b aas Away. %y.
t"ol' nal limit MAY 2Uib loo, h 'In,
m roSn'"g tickets with j,int aoan,
PeiSoi at New Oilea,s IN xii m
KY ION, 1911, and LA, me,t - sSie acre
w. cents, an extension of tho a
1901. 10 June 9th,
,onnt t'I iolnt, Miss. and return. A.
D. ,I 'esn, utheral Assembly Cnmhtr,a@,S NJ
ooI MY 'riiah church, May 1G,hNoa.hi
he rom, aa,e OF one Grst class fare ;fas
ae ,s tound nip from ali noinfs az s,nM
a,, u southern railway. Tick, 70 " -. .:uSs
i ;m;, MY Wy ~ to 18th inclusive Anal
'uiiC May 9th, 1901. llai
w. H. TAYLOR
n. u T. A Atl,nto
The Union times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1894-1918, 1901-05-03
Bright New Goods.

his week we going to pay special attention to
our Clothing Department. We call special atten-
ton to our guaranteed all wool Black Clay Wor-
sted Suits for in Square and Q7 RO
\ouhd cut at NJ .o>o
What do you think Of mans Flannel suit some
thing that only will fade but will stand wash
ing. This is exceptionally good value and
one of the many jobs that picked d1 90
up, our price only MI. 90
IN MEMS AND BOYS HATS WE DEFY
COMPETITION AND HAVE THE pref
TIEST LINE IN THE CITY,
Ladies Silk Gloves, value SOC, to go at .....15c
Mems Sacks Balbrggan value 25c, to 90 at at1Oc
Coat Collar Springs only y........................O5c
Ladies Kid Gloves only SOC
White Heavy Corded Pque only....12ac
Shirting Prints for only Ole
Wash Silks, beautiful pattern for waist 25c
Black Brocade Mercerized Silk for skits
The Union times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1894-1918, 1901-05-03
MEN CT DISCRIMINATION

Will thoroughly understand and appreciate
our successful efforts to place before them gar
ihents Of such Ugh grade as those we norE ad-
xertise for Spring and Summer CLOTH,
CUT, STYLE, FINlsH, Sc EWING, LZxING,
TRlMMINCs-in every detail the best gar
ments for the money to be had anywhere in
The Union times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1894-1918, 1901-05-03
The People -
q GOOD THING

When they see it and are not slow to catch ON to
the store that stands by it's advertisements AL
though we have been having some extremely un-
seasonable weather sales have steadily, grown
and we are continuing to empty our shelves which
are being reflled with sa
The Union times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1894-1918, 1901-05-03
Masters Sale.
Staie OF south ."roiinn, Cont ofC,n-
a. II, F, ster y im'in '"irr l.e"S.
ltrb cGi I.emasicr, ID frnlaof

ltrb cCi i.enaster, ID .frnEt0f.
III ub.-dieTcr 10 AN 0i,!rr r,a.I,. j.
alnve stated rdse. will sci! at E,io,,
before the c'lrrG jnuse door, ,!u"irg I'm,
legal hours at sale. uIi salr,ddv, NJ .y q H..
1901. III" following land trwIi:
an 'hat ceria,l parcel "r tract Of
ltnd containing ahput two lIu.d,.l .. =
hfty-iive acres lyirg in UDinn roMIsi,in
Union COUNTY, ani bounded ON ti,.
North bv lands of Ecttir FoN!er. + E.s,
lY lands form"vlv'of = X. Hra.ni,n auI
west by lands OF .iol,n pyscclI, ncinr tlt
same land conveyed to defendant hv
John BeckneIl.
TERM or SALE:
One half cash, balance one wear rrnm
date with int"Iest from date S, ,cI,rl nv
pond OF puIci!aG?r and mortgare ,f
premises. :. II. pEAEr
Mas 4 T.
The Union times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1894-1918, 1901-05-03

a. ~ ~, ~ always bad policy to give mn
"n o'a iriond for new on, urtrled'
The Union times. [volume] (Union, S.C.) 1894-1918, 1901-05-03

rne aesf Prescription for haysr,.
T"l,lS Tas,s,a ana Fever is bottle Of Grovs,s
and e,eS n.s;a; Gnili Ionic. 1t is simply IRON.
cnre fihnne In tasteless form. No
---------- : ,n,e 1c. 431y
New-York tribune., 1901-01-16
TIE MAYOR on ECONOMY.

Mayor Van Wyck's message TO the Municipal
Assembly is just about such a document as he
would have been expected 10 produce at this
time IL the public had not forgotten that
official survey Of municipal affairs was due and
therefore failed 10 form expectations Of any
sort relating TO II. Naturally enough, being
troubled by proofs of general discomfort at
the progressive expansion of the budget and
the consequent increase of taxation which it
forecasts, the Mayor devotes practically all his
labor TO an explanation which does not come
near covering the ground. and is by no means
satisfactory so far ii goes. Mr.. Van Wyck,
we believe, has never been suspected of being
a humorist, and there is no use at this late day
in surmising that he may deserve the reputa-
tion We are therefore constrained TO assume
that he is entirely serious when in aIluson to
the economy of government by Tammany Hall,
he says: 1t is not snowy policy a CRATE
"ful one for any administration, but the neces-
"sity for it has been apparent during the last
three years, owing TO the orgy of financial ex-
"travagance which was INDUCED in prior TO
consolidation
On the supposition that the Mayors mood
while he was engaged in composing his message
not jocular, but solemn and even lugubri-
OILS, we venture to assert that he is mistaken
as TO the outward aspect Of policy of economy
in the management of public business He says
that 1t is not SNOWY" but it is scarcely possi-
BILE 10 imagine that anything could he more
snowy than real economy by a Tammany ad
ministration would be. Why, the contrast
would make it stand out like Himalaya. 1t
would be the biggest show on earth. and its
production would almost avail TO disturb the
long repose OF the late lamented Mr.. Barnum
with regrets that he had never been able to get
it under his canvas. As for its not being
grateful role for any administration to adopt,
no doubt the horde Of Tammany place holders
and benefciaries of all sorts would have been
and boldness to cut their revenues down or off,
and would have done everything in their power
TO make his term of office miserable. But how
grateful the people would have been, and how
anxious to render his policy grateful one for
his administration, in the sense In which he
uses the wordi
Mayor Van Wyck might profitaby fix his
gaze on Albany. In comparison with the gov
ernment of this city during the last three years
the government cf the State has been a model
of economy and efficiency Yet, positively con
sidered il has called for retrenchment and the
application of improved principles and methods.
Governor Odell looked the facts squarely in
the face and promptly took steps to remedy the
evils he saw The result is that the people are
almost unanimously saying that his policy is
exceedingly snowy in just the right way, are
correspondngly grateful and are giving the new
administration a most agreeable send on.
New-York tribune., 1901-01-16
Netp11ork Dailp Gribu,re
WEDNESDAY, JANUARY IS, 1901.
TIE NEWS THIS MORNING.

FOREIGN.-The views of Henry Watterson.
Editor Of The Louisville Courier-Journal," in
regard the strengthening Of good feeling be-
tween England and America by the new treaty
were received with much favor in London, and
Il is believed will promote its acceptance. =.
The Ward Line steamer Nigiancia was still
ashore on Los Colorados banks, one hundred
miles west Of Havana. but is in immediate
danger: she has ffty-eight passengers on board.
but il is thought they can be transferred 10 the
OriZa ba. which has gone TO her aid. - The
Danish Government sent 10 both houses of the
RigSdag the negotiations with the United States
regarding the sale of the Danish West Indies.
CONGRESS.-Senate: An understanding ex
lists that the vote on the Army Reorganization
bill shall be taken soon; there was lively col
loquy imperialism" between Senators Bacon
and Hanna; in executive session Senator Petit
grew attacked the nomination Of James 5. Har-
Ian to be Acknowledgement of Porto Rico
attempt 20 influence the United States Supreme
Court, Of which the nominees father is men,
her. 80 House: Consideration of the River and
Harbor bill continued.
DOMESTIC-Matthew s. Quay was reelected
TO the United States Senate by the Pennsylvania
Legislature yesterday by margin of three
votes: there is still deadlock over the election
of two Senators in Delaware; Senator Clark. Of
Montana. lacked only one vote yesterday of
being elected 10 the Senate; Senator George Fris-
bic HOar was reelected in Massachusetts. and
Senator William P. Frye in Maine; in New
Hampshire Henry Z. Burnham elected to
succeed William T. Chandler. - WI Ting
Fang addressed the State Bar Association at
Albany on Chinese Jurisprudence. "A pas
senger train crushed into a freight train near
Bath. y. Y. and several persons were injured
CfT9.-Stocks were weak and lower. - 1t
was said that Deputy Chief Cortright would soon
retire from the police force - 1t said
that the directors of the Anglo-American Saw
ings and Loan Association were ready to make
good any loss that might be suffered by the
shareholders of the concern. - 1t was learned
that a vigilance committee. which may number
FIVE thousand, was being formed. - Ex-Judge
Henry f Howland elected president of the
University Club. TO succeed the late Charles c.
Beaman. = Swearing off of personal taxes
began.
THE wEATHER.-Forecast for to-day: In
creasingly cloudy. The temperature yesterday:
Highest, ~ degrees; lowest 36; average, 3gA.
New-York tribune., 1901-01-16
STREET SIGNS AGAIN.

The latest proposal for reform of the street
sign system, made in a resolution introduced
yesterday in the Municipal Assembly, is of
doubtful prOprety and doubtful practica blity.
1t is to the effect that all owners of corner
lots shall be compelled to place upon their
property easily distinguishable signs indicat-
ing upon what streets the property faces. 1t
is not easy to see on what ground this is
to be required. Such signs pertain not to
the individual lots or buildings, as the house
numbers do, but to the public streets. They
are for the convenience and benefit not of the
occupants and visitors of the corner buildings
alone, but of all inhabitants of and travellers
through the streets. 1t does not seem equitable
TO compel corner lot owners to go TO such ex-
peDse, slight though it may be, for the general
benefit. The erection and maintenance of street
signs are properly a part of the public street
service, just the same the paving, lighting,
sweeping and policing of the streets, and
should be performed at public cost. The city
has no more right TO require private citizens to
maintain street signs than to maintain street
lamps. Moreover, signs on buildings or fences
are not desirably placed. They are not nearly
so conspicuous and legible those on street
lamps or lampposts They are at too great
distance from the passerby. They are not
Illuminated when it is dark. There is no uni
formity in their location, and thus nobody
knows just where to look for them
The proposal seems like an i'll advised effort
10 avoid doing the correct thing. The correct
thing was undertaken by the Strong admins
tration, in the erection at street corners or
lamps bearing large, conspicuous, legible and
ornamental signs, clearly indicating the names
of the intersecting streets and the numbers OF
the buildings at the corners. The present NAL
adroit administration first stopped the erection
of such signs, and then tried TO destroy the
utility of those already erected by making them
read the wrong way. 1t might not be agreeable
for II to admit it's error, retracc its steps ana
take up and complete the beneticent work which
il has contamned and striven to undo. But that
is precisely the course it should pursue, instead
of trying to saddle upon private citizens plain
duty of the public administration. There Is
now before the Municipal Assembly another
resolution calling upon the proper department
of the city government TO put signs on lamp
posts at all street corners. That is the reso-
luton that should become law and should be
enforced The attempt to make private citizens
do public work should be abandoned.
New-York tribune., 1901-01-16
"FREEDON OF INSTRUCTION"

dispatch from San Francisco which The
Tribune printed yesterday reports some excite
ment in that vicinity because Professor Howard
has been dismissed from Leland Stanford Jr
University In consequence of his attitude and
utterances at the time of Professor Ross's dis
missal last November and OF a subsequent re-
fusal 10 withdraw or explain them in manner
satisfactory to President Jordan. Ii appears to
us that such resentment as may have arisen on
this account is due 10 erroneous ideas on the
subject of free speech" as Professor Howard
describes the privilege which he seems to have
abused President Jordan's reputation justifies
the supposition that he would always choose
not to abridge that legitimate liberty of instruc-
ton which university should foster But il is
obvious, in spite of good deal of defamation
to the contrary, that a line must be drawn
somewhere, and il is not drawn too strictly
when il depriyes college instructor Of the
opporfunity which his chair has afforded him
to give importance to demagogical outgivings
at the expense of the institution by which he is
employed and tending TO the personal disparage-
ment Of its founder.
This we Judge 10 have been the fault of Pro
fessor Howard. II do not" he said, alluding 10
Professor Rosss denuncation of corpora tons
in which Mrs. Stanford is largely interested.
worship Saint Market Street; do not rever-
"ence Holy Standard Oil, do l doff my hat
ito Celestial Six Companies" Now, there was
no argument or elucidation of facts in that. 1t
was simply loose, vulgar and reckless express
sion of individual feeling, which if not ignorant
in itself, was altogether likely TO promote igno-
rance in others. Liberty of teaching is not cur
tailed or threatened by an act which deprives
of his professorship whose temper and
tendencies are revealed by such utterances
When former president of Brown Univer-
sty was constrained TO resign because the men
responsible for its management felt that he was
actively disseminating demonstrated financial
heresy there was much talk about tyranny but
the sober judgment of the intelligent public was
that DIR. Andrews had justly forfeited their con-
fidence. In the case of Professor Howard the
accusation of teaching error cannot perhaps be
pressed, for we have said. there was no
pretence of instruction in his deliyerances. but
| he did what he could 10 inculcate prejudice and
| i'll Will against the management of the instttu
| ton which had honored him, and which he
ought TO have honored, without apparently even
caring IL Mrs. Stanford herself were brought
| into contempt through his agency. Whether or
not there is justification for the animostv tov-
| ard certain corporations which he displayed is
| not the question His action could not possibly
| serve the truth, while IL did involve q serious
personal offence. In the conduct of President
New-York tribune., 1901-01-16
THE SHAN-HAI-KWAN RAILROAD.

One international agreement, at any rate, Is
being fulfilled in China. Some weeks ago a
convention concluded between Russia and
Germany under which the former on the Rus
sian New Years Day, having by that time with
drawn all her troops from the Province of
Chilli should turn the Shan Hal Kwan
Railroad to the latter. though sadded with GER
tain onerous conditions This transfer, we are
told has been is now being made. The case
affords a curious illustration of the complete
disregard of property rights manifested by n
great land grabbing Power. For in making this
transfer the one Power gives that which it did
not own and the other receives that to which it
has no title
This railroad, which runs from Tien-Tsin to
NewChwang, really belongs to British capital
lists. But while part of il is in Chilli which
for the present is regarded a Chinese prov-
nce, the greater part is in Sheng- King which
has now been formally proclaimed Russian
protectorate. Moreover it runs along the north
ern shore of the Gulf of Pe-Chi-Li and COM
mands the route from Manchuria to Peking
which, of course, Russia means to control
Naturally, therefore, at the outbreak of the
present troubles Russia made haste to seize the
railroad, replace the managers and employees
with her own and use it as though in fact II were
New-York tribune., 1901-01-16

made strenuous efforts to force the American
Peace Commissioners 70 take the sovereignty of
Cuba, and argued most ably that sovereignty
mdair. Our long asserted right of interference
there against any other nation and the action
of Congress disclaiming sovereignty while ac
cepting responsibility, enabled the Commission
ers 70 justify occupation with this anomalous
status. Such terms could not be made, however,
concerning the Philippines The opinion of the
world demanded that somebody be responsible
as sovereign and our Government considered
IL 10 be duty, for diplomatic and international
reasons, in taking control of those islands to
assume sovereign obligations. though the Senate
in ratifying the treaty definitely announced that
in so doing il did not permanently annex the
Philippines as an integral part of the United
States.
If the United States can by treaty acquire
terms with reference TO foreign relations it can
by another set of terms. The question of sover-
eighty is one of international status and exact
measure of obligation assumed. 1t does not
affect the relations of our officers TO the Con
stitution If ii does not tie their hands in Cuba,
why should it tie their hands in the Philippines,
when it is perfectly clear that the treaty making
power did not mean to incorporate those islands
into the Union or assume any closer relation
to them than under the circumstances duty
seemed 10 require of a civilized Power in eX-
pelling their old sovereign and taking them
under tutelage?