New-York tribune., 1901-08-03
DIR. KOCH'S EXPERIMENTS.
THE SCIENTISTS ADDRESS OK THE
COMBATING OF TUBERCULOSIS.
I'M The London Times of July "a.

From The London Times Of July "a
The chairman in introducing Professor Koch; re-
Fsts the inventor Of the simplest means Of isolat-
ing bacteria ana the isn Of cholera Pro
lessor Koch. who was received with prolonged
cheering, then delivered his address
He said that the task with which the congress
@ SIq bt nSs o 20 one IN which labor was most sure OF
is leward He need not point again 10 me M
Vulnerable victims tuberculosis annually claimed
Brought t on 5he families il staeked They an knew
that there was disease which inflicted such desp
wounds mankind this. All The sredtteI ~. nov ;F
would be the general JOY and s]jsI1Iod9 Of II
1rTs cToV.,1ad with success There were many in
deed Who doubted the possibility of successfully
combating this disease, winch nag 5i SAlstSu L re
conflict into which they might 1 eh'r b Do,,,S
tell them the reasons on which he hased rn4t o ~
tuberculosis was unknown 10 US; IT was ei reeatoTFf ~
as consequence as the expression, 20 Ise 10 ould
social misery, and this supposed cause g'Ll ~
not got rid OF by simple means people reheo Con on
ditions and did nothing. All that was altered
now. We knew that social misery did -lnaeeu - sS F
Il . disease was a parasite visible and palpable
as We could pursue and annihllate other parasiue
enemies Of mankind Strictly speah5Iik Sne o,i1ht
i3s m vs. 9iscaVered and the properties of this
Ste 80 and fbe manner Of its transmission became
known He might ada that n ne b ier siscoerv lS from
the hrst and 50 would everybody have been VINO %
iyyeen tiberCilosis ana the tuberce bacillus. But
the strength Of small number OF medlcaI men I'M; M1S
rooted IN our habits and customs. Such confictt
required the co-operatl9n OF mn ,,9er Win the
state and the whole population but LON , the 6 I3
70 have come He supposed there was haroy s aI.g
medical man now VINO ueIlleG - roedical pub
Nc too the knowledge of the nature OF the uls-
a6 Rad @ GsfR %aatEf Eiqe What had hitherto been done
and what about 10 be done agaTC g,z,,Iosis so
raa1TT- TICk AZ
I6sf IPsi5 II linus must sooner or later die.
MODE OF INFECTION.
In order 10 answer that question it was necessary
Tst and 1qTSm9t 20 u { Course " he
that We understood by I1oefc1losls5 5 Tl' Nv the t
bercle bacillus IN by far the majority o. c,'SS % %
Sss so he begun there From this fact it was
Justly concll ded that The germs oL t 6 INTO The
lungs ~ inhalation. As TO the quesuon TlTle b was
inhaled trbercle baci hao come nom IT ~ With
certainty that they got into the air with me sPe
tg nf ~ 8 SdIahoed stages Of the disease almost
al ways contained tubercle bacll-l' SOM tS7 -.
credible aus ntities BY coughing, and even sie'h-
ing ii was flung into the air in htte drops. .,
sons who happened 70 he near 1.e @ to-s 5rs.5 i
then it might also be pGlNeIlZeD -eL - - ;,,+,
The air in the form Of dust IN tnis manner
complete cii cle a so-cll'1 s f 5slCti0r3 rom the
diseased lung which produced pr-esTa a!,o o.. PIf -
coala'ainS 7r afir- Which ir ,rrue # their
smaliness, could keep floating a good While IN me
trated with the air into healthy ing 10 ,el oilTi
Iib eet 20 other organs OF the body in the sane
way. and thus originate other forms ~ : t-SSi S-
Sase5 The sputuTn Of consumptive people then.
was 20 be regarded as the man 'urGe ol ne & i-,
posed. all were agreed. The question now aToss I-
enough 10 demand consideration in the comt atins
Of tuberculosis. Great Importance Lseu 70 % -, O.
tached 70 the hereditary transrnissi2n ot ta5et
culosis Now howeyer il had hen 5 gem2ns5TSG
by thorough investigation tlat thoCsh let
was nevertheless extremely rare, and We were AZ
leave that form of originaton entirely out Of ac-
count
is INFECTION DERIVED FROM ANIMALS?
But another possibility Of tubereular infzctlon
9iesoa Of the germs Of the disease from tubercular
animals TO man rms manner ot liiecLSH S a. a.
freoueat mar il was even looked upon by not few
the most important and me mos LisoToos ,}
t5rees also the discussion Of the danger with which
The tuberculosis Of animals threatened man would
rlav an important part Now, as MS lnVeStlgatl rs
had led him 10 form an opinion de{atn rom n al
which was generally accepted. ne teEsed Ihelt
permission in consideration Of the great Importance
oi.gblv TCheersD Genuine tuberculosis had hither-
10 been observed IN almost all coTesilc anlmal>'
@ b1ys ,,beTcIss ~ tiT We might leave it out
man. So strictly speaking, the only kind Of animal
f9DercGiosis Of cattle which if really transferable
to man would indeed have frequent oIpOT tlIltles
Of injecting human beings through the Gtlnk.ng %
the milk and the eating OF ne hesA 9i elss;istu
aaaIS' ann o M, ven rioIoe of tabercuiosis he expressed
himself regarding the identity oL human tq3eTcu5i 45
d@etS Ml ibese Two forms Of The disease were not
then al his disposal but proofs Of their abso-
lutte Identity were equally undiscoYeTaoe. ana ne
order 10 decide 1t. he had repeatedly resumed the
investigation relating 70 H. but SO long az ne & e1
guinea pigs he failed arrive AT any satisfactory
FegHS th9uf f I'm rWo foTms Of tubercuo5s probable
not wanting Not III ne c4npialsSice o. me ~.
on cattle the only animals really suitao for
these Investigations, did he arrive at absolutely
conclusive results.
IMPORTANT EXPERIMENTS.
OF the experiments which he had carried out dur
ing the last two years along with Professor Schultz;
OF the Veterinary College in Berlin, he would tell
ber Of Young cattle which had stood the tuberculin
test and might therefore be regarded as free from
tuberculosis. were infected in various ways with
pure cultures OF tubercle baclh taken from cases
Of human tg6eTcoolS M S0If 9 afints direct In
some cases the tuberce bacilh or the sputum were
cavity in others into the juguar vein. Six animals
were fed with tubercular sputum almost dally IoI
seven or eight months; four repeaIeoly lnhae9 lnliha
great quantities Of baci, which were distributed
n water and scattered with II IN me form OF spray
None Of these cattle dhere We're nineteen OF themg
showed any symptoms OF disease, and they gained
after the beginning of the experiments they were
killed in their internal organs not trace OF tuber-
ent. however. when the same experiment was MADE
on cattle free from tuberculosis with tupefcle
fering from bovine tuberculosis. After an incuba-
ton period OF about week the seEerest tuoerGulaG @
Infected animals. After death extensive tubercuar
iniltrations were found at the place where the in
jections had been made. and in the neighboring
Emphatic glands, and also far advanced alterations
spleen The difference between human and bovine
tuberculosis appeared not less strkingiy IN sim
lar experiment with asses. sheep and goats; INTO
wsose vascular systems the two kinds OF tubercle