davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1901-05-08
Farm Ienantry.

The knowledge that there has been
an unprecedented increase in farm ten
antry in the United States during the
last ten years produced q decided
shock. That there should be any in
crease would have surprised most peo-
pie, but when it is said, to quote L. G
Powers, chief Of the agricultural divis-
ion of the census department, that cit
is an actual and relative increase Of
tenant-operated farms that has never
been equalled since statistics have been
collected upon the subject" the condi-
tion is more than surprising; it APP
proaches the appalling.
During the decade the number of
farms increased largely, due in large
measure to the taking up of public lands.
These farms are in the hands of proprie-
tors, of course, even though title to many
of them is not yet secured. But for this
largely increased number of new and
owned (?) farms the percentage of ten
antry would have been much larger.
But at all events the figures disclose
the marvellous speed we are making in
this new country with it's yet cheap
lands towards the landlord-and-tenant,
the aristocrat-and-peasant condition of
European countries. The home owner
has always been regarded the surest
bulwark of national solidity and long
life, and therefore the conclusion must
be that decreasing home owners signify
an opposite national condition. Farm,
Stock and Home.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1901-05-08

ordinary corn grown by farmers. This
large yield is secured because all of the
available space on the cob is occupied
by corn. The kernels are set deep in
to the cob, are closely joined in, and
cover both ends of the ear. There is
practically no waste space. Any corn
raiser who pays particular attention to
a variety of corn that will shell out q
large percentage knows the Importance
of securing variety that is heavy, and
with the kernels compact on the cob.
Such an ear will shell out from 80 to 90
per cent, and on account of the very
small shank it would be very easy to
husk. We are glad to note that corn
raisers are paying more attention to the
weight and quality of the corn planted
this year than ever before Prairie
Farmer.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1901-05-08
Live Stock Market.

There were on the market at Brighton
last Tuesday 1920 cattle, "a sheep and
lambs $50 swine, GIL veal calves, 70 horses
and 200 lbs of poultry.
For the choice Northern and Eastern
beef cattle on hand there was a good de-
mand, and for such stock firm prices were
realized, but inferior stock moved very
slowly. Sales beef cow, weighing 600
lbs, Sc; beef cows, average 725 lbs 25c; 1
beef cow, weighing $50 lbs, 3ac less 81;
cattle, average l ,735 lbs, 54c;2 cattle, aver
age 1,120 lbs. 4fc; 2 cattle, average / $50
lbs, bic: beef cows, average 500 lbs, 2ac
Mich cows and springers were very slow
of sale.
In veal calves business was OF a very lam
guild order and prices declined materially.
A good deal of dressed veal had been re-
ceived during the period elapsed since the
preceding Tuesday and butchers were well
stocked Sales: Is calves, average 1876 lbs,
5lc; % Ives, average 1913 lbs, 5fc Is
calves. average 100 lbs, sc; IS calves, aver
age 1913 lbs, DC; II calves, average 116 lbs,
DC.
Sales of sheep and lambs were few.
There was not enough done in fact to ena-
BILE us to give price that would prove re-
liable guide.
Hogs were in active demand, but prices,
nevertheless, declined because of the album
dant sui ply. Sales 3 hogs, average pit
lbs 5lc 10 hogs, average DAT lbs, SCI hogs
average 1873 lbs, 53c; 10 hogs, average 2OS
lbs, $50.
Exporters are buying freely Of Western
beef cattle at Western points and receipts at
these yards continue liberal.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1901-05-08
Well Bred Seed Corn.

1t takes long time to establish
fixed type of any variety of corn. This
is equally true of breeding live stock.
The most careful live stock breeders
have taken yesrs, and in some III
stances nearly their entire life, to get a
fixed type of some particular family.
Good ears of corn may be selected from
almost any field, but the ears happen
to be good individually only, and these
will by no means insure crop of ears
all as good as the seed planted. Well
bred seed corn is that which has been
persistently and carefully selected for
several years to insure, 40 certainly
as it is possible, reproduction of as
good as is planted, A well-bred ear Of
corn is that of which the cob forms q
smaller proportion of the weight of the
ear than is usually found in ordinary
corn. The ear, by constant selection,
has been bred so that the grains will
form we'll out and cover both ends OF
the ear; and again, the spaces between
the rows have been bred nearly out
until the rows are very compact, and
in some instances almost solid. A
variety of corn handled in this way
in the hands of skilltul breed
err, is as certain to reproduce it
self as has been possible to attain .uE
to this time. BY planting a variety tina
will fill out at both ends, and where the
rows are very compact, but still do no
lap over on each other, we secure {
crop that will shell out from six to sew
en- pounds more per bushel than thu
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1901-05-08
AGRICULTURAL.
StraWbe berry Beds.

Where cultivsting has been neg
lected, so to work at once. If only
small bed take sharp shovel and
skive off the ground between the rows.
If weedy, NOW the patch. close to the
ground. Then take an iron rake and
rake the rows, tearing out all the weeds
and grass " it'll the surplus plants that
the rake will catch. Loosen the ground
between the plants, thinning them to
four and six inches. Burn the rakings,
as in this way many insects will be de.
stroyed. In larger lots use horse and
pillow between the rows, giving the
above treatment in the row, and cult
vate thoroughly, but not deeply, until
the middle of September. Glover or
cowpea ground is better for a new
bed than too much stable manure
Following corn, potatoes or some Cul-
hvated crop is the best preparation for
strawberries. If good plants are OBJ
tainable, planting can be done in
damp, cloudy time in August or the
first half of September. With mar
row spade dig holes in the rows; then
cut around the plant, lifting it out on
the spade, and set in the hole. Pot
plants are set in the same way.
In the central and northern states
the strawberry beds must be covered
to give winter protection. Straw, corn
stalks or swamp grass can be used,
putting on thickly enough to protect
from sudden changes. 1 want to en-
phasize the importance Of selecting
plants Of strong vigor and fruiting Vi
tality. Such plants can't be found in
an old fruitiDg bed, but must be taken
from beds grown for the purpose, ad-
vises an American Agriculturist writer
in conclusion to these Instructions.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1901-05-08
500 Reward. 500.

The readers of this paper will be
pleased to learn that there is at least
one dreaded disease that science has
been able to cure in all its stages, and
that is Catarrh. HALLS Catarrh Cure is
the only positive cure known to the
medical fraternity. CRtarrh being
constitutional disease, requires a coz
stitutional treatment. Halls Catarrh
Cure is taken internally, acting direct
ly upon the blood and mucous surfaces
of the system, thereby destroying the
foundation of the disease, and giving
the patient strength by building up the
constitution and assisting nature in do
ing it's work. The proprietors have 80
much faith in its curative powers, that
they offer One Hundred Dollars for
any case that it fails to cure. Send for
list of testimonials.
Address, f. j. CHENEY q Co., To-
ledo, o.
Sold by Druggists, rs cents.
Halls Family Pills are the best.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1901-05-08
Fence Posts Grown from Seed.

| have noticed two articles in the
Tribune in regard to growing Usage or
ange for fence posts. Having had an
intimate acquaintance of the plant for
fifty years, l will say that the man
who expects to have use for posts in
ten years can make no mistake in plant
ing the Usage orange in grove for
that purpose. A grove planted in rows
six feet apart, with plants two feet
apart in the row, and cultivated for
years and trimmed the third year, will
take care of itself ever after, and in
ten years will furnish fence post for
almost every plant grown. When cut
down the grove in the next eight
years will furnish more posts than the
first cutting, for at least two sprouts
will come up from each original plant,
and will continue ID do so for all time.
l have never seen dead Usage orange
tree or found any means for killing
one.
In the early settlement of the prairie
States the plant was extensively used
as he'd &c fence, until the barbed wire
came to take its place. Since then it
has been neglected on many farms,
and is now furnishing posts for the
barbed wire fence. The demand for
posts is much ahead of the supply.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1901-05-08
Creameries and the Milk Test System.

The creameries are in full swing
again and the Babcock tester huns
merrily. The patrou, however, does
not hum as merrily when he gets his
creamery check.
There are several reasons why his
song is apt to be pitched in minor
key. His cows may be no good, or his
feeding practice poor, or his barns may
be demonstrated. Often, however,
the "test" seems at fault, and that
brings on some vigorous language.
The creamery may or may not be
wrong in this matter. II samples are
properly taken after prolonged stirring
or by means Of the automatic device;
if the operator is licensed and the glass
apparatus is tested according to the
state law; if the centrifugal machine is
of the steam type and run full speed
and full time; if the operator is honest
as well as competent and does
as well as he knows; if he uses bal
ance to weigh the cream into the test
bottles before testing; if figures are re-
turned as made and are not juggled with;
then the results are probably right and
the patron should look for the beam in
his own eye.
The creamery patron, however,
should make sure on all these points.
He should insist on accurate sampling.
If he is selling separator cream, he
should not rest until the cream is
weighed instead of being measured into
the test bottle, since thus only can JUS
tice be done a cream carrying 20 or
more per cent of fat. 1t means little
more bother to the operator, but is en-
tirely practicable and the apparatus is
inexpensive. And it means the differ
ence between right and wrong.
A good many patrons, doubtful as to
the accuracy of creamery returns, send
samples to the Vermont Experiment
Station for its free analysis. The sta
ton gladly responds to the calls, but
urges
O-That requests be made in ad-
vance for directions for sampling, in
order that results may be more certain
ly correct.
(2)-That express charges be pre-
paid.
(3)-That names be placed upon
packages for purposes of Identification.
Vermont Experiment Station.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1901-05-08
The Hired Man Question.

When farmer secures a man that is
a careful and painstaking workman, he
should try to keep lhim for years. In
the cities and villages we find clerks
and statesmen, lots of them, who have
worked in the same store ten to TWEEN
ty years. They have learned that their
employers interest ia theirs, and they
are as much interested in building up
trade and holding it as he is, and
they do not hesitate at working over
time when business demands it.. They
are paid extra for doing it, and they
feel that the amount is 80 much clear
gain. The more valuable the services
of q salesman become to his employer
the higher his salary rises, simply be-
cause his employer can afford to pay
him more for his work. have known
men to work on the same farm up to
six years and their wages were never
raised one cent.
When 1 look back to the time l
worked on farm one year L can plain
ly see that my services were actually
worth SO to So a month more to the
farmer the second year than they were
the first, because l knew every foot of
the farm and his method of managing
it, understood the stock and knew how
he wanted it fed and cared for; knew
all about the implements, and could
put my hand on anything needed at q
moments notice; knew what repairs
were needed, and could, if occasion
demanded, have gone right along with
the farm work for q year on the lines
followed by my employer; yet he
thought raise of 81 month was am
pie for my knowledge of his farm and
and his methods.
One may sometimes think he is saw
ing and yet be wasting. Farmers COM
plain about the poor class of help seek
ing employment on the farm when
their own sons have goue to the cities
to seek a livelihood rather than become
an illy-paid drudge on the farm at ego
ing wages" They have driven the
brightest boys to town by undervalu-
ing and underpaying skilled farm help
Fred Grundy, in Farm and Preside
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1901-05-08
CARTER MEDICINE CO.. M YorE.
Snail Pill Snail aa.a Snail Price

in This way will work round right in
short time.
BAY AND STRAW The hay market shows
a teadier tone for choice grades under the
effect of small arrivals, but the demand
continues slow. Weeks reCeipts il clude 1G
cars for export and 1913 cars for local usa
and 10 cars straw. Choice hay is firm at
Sl8 so to 10, but the tone on lower grades is
easier with the range at S14 to II as to
quality. Rye straw is quiet, but under
small arrivals the tone is firm at SIS to
IS 30 for the best. Oat straw continues
dull.
CoRN.-There has bean quiet demand
noted, but the market is firmer in sympathy
with the higher cost to 81 ip from the West.
At the close steamer yellow an d No. vel
low on track were quotable at 50 to 534c,
with lower grades ranging down in price az
to quality and color. The export movement
holds on we'll.
FLoUR.-The market has been quoted
frmer during the week, and general prices
advanced by mill agents. The demand has
not followed the adj varce, however, and
only hand to mouth business has been
done. Stocks IN dealers hands are mOder-
ate but no one feels inclined TO pile up sup
plies, either on a rising or falling market.
The advance in wheat has caused prices to
be marked higher, but no business ha been
done at the top. Spring patents are held
up to S44j for special brands, but "a 10 to
t'oO VIZ CONoA luo " ITO Ou ANY safes uhu6
and but few brands will command over
S4.25. Winter patents are slow Of sale, and
about SO 80 to 4.15 will cover any business
doing. Clear and straight winters are slow
at about SO 80 to 3 10 for clears and 1870 to
3 so for straights. Kansas patents are slow
at So 50 to 40 as sales are made. Stock OF
-four in Boston May was In warehouses;,
29,516 bills; at depots and on track, 80 372
bbls; for export on through bills, % 500
ibis; total, 108,7S4 bbs. against los, 979
bbls. April l, and 1873 I'll bbls. May 1, 1900.
PoTAToEs. Receipts have fallen off a
good deal since our last weekly report, and
the market has been gradually working in
to better condition. At the close prices on
leading varieties are ruling about &c higher
and there Is a good fair business doing at
the advanced quotations.
OATs-There is a quiet business doing,
but the tone is frmer at the close, with
prices marked higher. Fancy barley clipped
white hold at 369 TO SIC, with No, clipped
white at about 344 to 35c for lots on track at
the close Lower grades are dull, with the
price ranging down as to quality.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1901-05-08

WHEN BABY HAD ScALD HEAD WHEN
MOTHER HAD SALT RHEUM- WHEN FATHER
HAD PILES DR. Agnew's Ointment gave
TIL quickest relief and surest cure. These
are gems OF truth picked from testimony
which is given every dag to this greatest
of healers. Ii has never been matched in
curative qualities in Eczema, letter, Piles,
g C. 30 cents. Sold by w. e. Terrill & Co,
and Collins Blakley,
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1901-05-08
To Mothers in This Town.

Children who are delicate, feverish and
cross will get immediate relief from Mother
Grsy's Sweet Powders for Children. They
cleanse the stomach, act ON the liver, maxi
ng d sckly child strong and healthy. A
certain cure fer worms. Sold by all drug
eists, 25c Sample FREE. Address, Allen
s. Omsted, Leroy, N. Y.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1901-05-08

II CURES ALL CREEDs Here are a few
names of clergy men OF different cree ds who
are firm believers in DR.. Agnew's Catarrhal
Powder to olive mp to the preaching" in all
it claims Bishop Swestman, Rev. Dr..
LangtIy, (Epis copsiiai }: Rev. DIR. Withrow
DIR. Newman, all of Toronto, Canada.
Copies OF their personal letters for the ask
ing. 80 cents. sold by w. e. Terrill & Co,
& Collins Blakley.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1901-05-08

PROVED PRICELEss-R Ruby coats snd Gin
nsmOn flavor. DR., Agnew's Pills are
household favorites. Impurities leave the
syetem. The nerves are toned. The blood
is purified. The complexion is bright and
rudy. Headaches vanish and perfect
health follows their use. 40 doses 10 cents.
Sold by W. E. rerrill & Co., and Collins
Blakley
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1901-05-08
WEEKLY MARKET REPORT,
Boston Produce Market,

C9-The quotations given below represent prices
obtained DY receivers loti mot ;obbia9
prieet uniess otherwise indicated, intended
to represent actual
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1901-05-08

Scratch, scratch, scratch; unable to attend
to business during the day or sleep during
the night. Itching piles, horrible plague,
Doan's Ointment cures. Never fails. At
any drug store, 30 cents.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1901-05-08

Coughs and colds, down to the very bor-
derland Of consumption, yield to the sooth-
ing, healing influences of DR. Woods Nor
way Pine Syrup.
The Vermont watchman. [volume] (Montpelier, Vt.) 1883-1911, 1901-05-08
RED IN THE BLOOD

is the sign Of life, Of vital force,
of the force that life has, of the
force that life is.
When the red is lacking, life
is weak, the spirits are weak,
the body is weak.
SCOTS emulsion of cod-liver
oil puts red in the blood and
life in the body.
It's thefood you can turn into
muscle and bone and nerve.
1t gives you the mastery over
your usual food-you want
that. What is life worth if
you've got to keep dosing your
self as an invalid?
Red in the bloodl get red in
the blood
Wen send you .ittleto try, II you Ike.
SCOrr x GJs h, 900 Pearl strge,. New Work
Sunday morning globe., 1901-11-17
ARE THEY BORN OR MADE ?
Different Ideas as to Origin of
Criminals from Congress OF
Criminal AnthrOpOlOgy.

Are criminals born or made? The
congress Of criminal anthrOpOlogy
now sitting at Amsterdam discussed
the question yesterday. Differences Of
opinion threatened at one stage too be-
come acute m..- Signor Ferri, Of
Rome. resorted harmony by a cOmpro-
mise. Some men are born criminals
But a man wICh a criminal stigma
does not always become a criminal;
his surrounding and his general mode
of ufe have to cooperate. This state
meut is as cautious as it is correct,
and expresses, we imagine the last
word of philosophic criminology. We
may Illustrate il by reference to an
other and a more reputable class Of
persons though indeed their calling
also has on high philosophic author
ity ben pronounced "a kind of mad
ness We mean the class Of poets.
Now, as every school boy knows, a
poet is born, not made" But we
know also that there are mute in
glorious Millions All poets come to
maturity Of song. Surroundings and
general mode Of life must cooperate.
D.atthew Arnold, If we remember
Alright, laid it down in one Of his let
ters-somewhat disputably, we think
that leisure and a bankers balance
were among these cooperating induce
ments to song, But, however, that
may be, there can be no doubt that
criminal instincts, like poetic and all
other instincts, may be either stimu
lated or discouraged by other inhu
onaae And fhfe fe fhp other side of
the matter which il is most useful for
states to remember. There is, indeed
an heroic school of anthopologists
which breaches the doctrine of "thC
sterilization OF the degenerate but
for Immediately practicable purposes
the reformation Of the criminal and
the prevention Of crime are better
formulas. They should not be forgot
ten even in the case OF criminal an
archism.
Sunday morning globe., 1901-11-17

wife was condemned to
the hardest and most uuremunerative
toll for eight years, the last remnants
of a fair competency were sacrificed in
the struggle to exist and the
city residence finally sold by
the sheriff, as, owing to my
long and protracted Imprisonment,
the interest on the mortgage could not
be met and the Hartford Comm
School Fupnd Trustees who held the
mortgage, foreclosed it and thus com
pleted our absolute and entire financial
ruin. And | would still be a prisoner
If one Of natures noblemen, Asa s.
Bushnell, Of Springfield, Ohio, had not
been elected Governor Of the state, for
although George K Nash (the pres
eut Governor) had been a political
conferee, a familiar acquaintance and a
professed friend, he has neither the
heart, the humanity nor the superb
manhood to rise above the clamors Of
the malicious enemies of the unfor-
tunate. as his noble predecessor had,
when on the morning Of July 4, 1899,
he opened the gates Of my living tomb
and restored me to the wife and child
rem, whose united prayers still ascend
and win continue to ascend as long as
life lasts for Heavens choicest bless.
ings on his person and on his family
(To be continued)
Sunday morning globe., 1901-11-17
Lotteries.

Lotteries are generally said to have
had their origin in Italy, but in Grove
ana Cavalcaselle's early Flemish
Painters" reference is made to a lot
terry drawn at Bruges on February "a,
1446 Q445 old style). This is the earl
lest Of which the scheme, list of prizes
and accounts are known to be in exist
ence. In 1880 a lottery was drawn in
Florence, the object being to meet the
state expenses. Nine years afterward
they were legalized in France by
Francis !, and called "blanques" The
lotteries instituted at Paris by the
Duke de Invernois in 1912 and 1878
wer for providing marriage portions
for the young women belonging to this
estate.
The first lottery known in England
was a draw at the west door OF st.
Pauls cathedral in 1869, temple. Eliza
beth The amount was 100000, which
i'm those days was very considerable.
It consisted Of 10000 tickets at 10 shil-
lings each, and the profits OF the specu-
lation were to be appropriated to the
repair Of the harbors of the kingdom
The drawing was very long affair, be-
| ing continuous day and night from
January II to May 6. The prizes were
all in plate.