davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-10-05
The Nature of Ozone.
From the London Chronicle.

hear many people chatter about ozone,
as Disraeli said young ladies prattled about
protoplasm, that Is. without SO much as
knowing what ozone is. There Is a preva-
lent idea that it is something you get at
the sea-" and that it Is good for the
lungs" What that something is however.
few people have sufficient curiosity to in
quire. Ozone is what chemists call an al
lotropics form Of oxygen-that Is to say, it
Is oxygen in a highly active and concentrate
ed condition. In ordinary pure air ozone
exists, but only In what chemists call
traces" larger amounts are found in ocean
and mountain air. 1t instantly disappears
when brought in contact with decaying
matter. dissipating itself. as it were. in the
act Of oxidizing that matter Ozone is
known to occur more plentifully during
thunderstorms. and we have. of course, the
analogy of it's being artifcially produced
from oxygen by electrical discharges in
the laboratory. On the body ozone is be-
Iieved to act as a stimulant, hence the
popular notion Of its beneficial effects as
experienced by the sea, but in any grearer
amount than mere traces 1t Is violent lr.
ritant. One authority goes the length OF
asserting that 1t is doubtful whether 1t is
beneficial to animal life at all.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-10-05
Heredfty.
From London Science Gossip.

To account for the transmissibility of an
cestral types Darwin in his work on PAN
genesis promulgated a theory that each
cell threw off what he designated gem
mules" which formed the nuclei of another
series of cells, whose sole destiny in the
economy of nature was the propagation of
it's species. These '.gemmules'' formed the
blastema, in which was contained an ex-
ceedingly microscopical impression of the
animal which might ultimately be called
into being. II this were the case. we should
be able to submit the miniature image to
our investigation by means Of the micro
scope. But strong microscopes are wanted
The red corpuscles of human blood have
been measured and the diameter is found
to be about one four-thousandth part Of an
inch. The number OF these red corpuscles
which would adhere to the point Of needle
would not be less than 1000, 600 Theory
teaches that the final division Of matter is
the atom and the atom has been measured
It Is calculated that In q cube of water one
thirty-thousandth part of an inch wide
there are 10000 900 600 atoms
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-10-05
An English Minister of Today.
From the Spectator.


Everybody has an opinion about every
thing, the number of the well informed has
enormously increased, and the house Of
commons, though it knows quite well that
there must be in most cases half a dozen
good alternative plans of which the min
lister can only adopt one, usually listens
with a sort Of chuckle to well-worded de-
scriptions of the, other five. A minister
nowadays requires the temper of an angel,
and even when fhes possesses one he las to
be patient under q tedium, "the drip, drip.
drip of dilatory debate" among men three
quarters informed, which is to many q
nearly unbearable form of mental torture.
Imagine listening to sermon of six hours
on a text only top well known, and then
think what Mr., Balfour has to put up with
on an educhkion night, or a night devoted
to the comparative merits Of steamers
boilers The demand made on the intellect
and the knowledge and the temper is al
most unendufablH and. but that politicians
train themselves to a kind Of self-control
akin to that Off an expert witness under
cross-examination, would produce nightly
explosions Sometimes witnessed in vestry
suspected of teo much tolerance for job
bing. The spulitfcfan has, in fact, come to
resemble rather an overworked, underpaid.
and much,-badgered professional rather
than the successful man who fifty years
ago was the envy not only Of his rivals,
but Of that whole upper crust of the nation
which was capable OF understanding his
achievements
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-10-05
How BOer Prisoners EscaDe.
From Parsons Magazine.


Du Plooy, so far as it is known. is the
only Boer prisoner in Bermuda who has
succeeded in obtaining his liberty, although
several stories are told of prisoners evad-
ing the vigilance of the guards In the pris-
on camps and escaping to the main island.
In making these attempts the Beers prove
themselves to be exceedingly enterprising.
One man under cover Of darkness made a
number of breathing holes in big packing
case which, with its cover knocked of, was
lying on the beach. The following morn
ing, during the bathing hour, he succeeded
In launching this, and managed unobseryed
to get his head inside 1t. He had taken the
precaution to knot piece of cord through
two Of the breathing holes in what had
been the bottom. but as 1t fioated was the
top Of the box. Holding to this with one
hand. he swan along will the receding
tide SO idly that to the guards 1t appeared
that the packing case was being carried at
random on the waves. It SO happened.
however, that the envious eyes Of q safIor
on one OF the British gunboats fell upon
this box as 1t drifted past. and wood being
scarce, he obtained permission from an offi-
Ger to drag It aboard. One can conceive
his amazement when he found beneath II
q living Boerl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-10-05

From the American Asphalt Journal.
Two hundred years ago England had the
worst roads in the world, because the peas
antry living on the roads alone were re-
quired to work them. In speaking OF them
Macauley says that q route connecting
two great towns which have a large and
fiourishing trade with each other should be
maintained at the cost OF the rural popula-
ton scattered between them is manifestly
unjust. 1t was not until many toll bars
had been violently pulled down, until the
troops had in many instances been forced
to act against the people, and until much
blood had been shed that a good system
was introduced" Every class now con-
tributes to the maintenance of the road
system in England. The French have prob
ably the most efficient laws and regulations
in the world for the building and repairing
of highways. The minister of public works
has the general superintendence of all
roads and ways by land and by water.
There are four classes of road recognized
by law. namely: ~ national. CD depart
mental, (3) military, a. cross roads. Ma
tionai roads are built and kept up by the
national treasury. Departmental roads are
a charge upon the departments through
which they pass, and part Of the military
roads are kept up by the government and
a part by the departments through which
the roads pass.
The cross roads are kept up by the COM
munes, though sometimes In thinly popu-
lated regions these communes receive as
when these roads become of importance
The national roads are paved like q
street, having an average width OF b2H
feet The departmental roads are 30 feed
wide, and the military and cross roads are
of variable width Piles OF broken ston6
are placed at convenient distances and 4
man is constantly employed In repairing
each section
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-10-05
Highest of Waterfalls.

The highest waterfall in the world. geog-
raphy tells us. is the Cerosola Cascade,
In the Alps, having TALL OF 24OO feet;
that Of Arvey, in Savoy. is LOO feet. and
the falls Of Yosemite Valley range from
waterfall in the San Cuayatan canon. In
the state Of Durango, Mexico. It Yves dis
covered. by some prospectors. ten years
ago, In the great barranca district which
searching for the famous lost mine, Ma
rainfall, q great roar Of water was heard.
With great difficulty the party pushed on.
and up and down the mighty chasms untR
they beheld the superb fall that Is at least
5000 feet high.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-10-05
Not Alarmed.
From Puck.

First Citizen-"But Il Europe should con-
bine against AZ In . trade war;"
Second Cftaxen-"An right! II they want
trade war wen sell them all the ammu-
milton they need.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-10-05

Miss Weston-'.And have you played
much golf Mr.. Jones2''
Mr. Jones-''Weli-er, no; can't say rye
played much. but I've walked round the
links several times In these clothes and
I'm beginning to understand the Lam
guage. Tit Bits,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-10-05
Possible Explanation.

From the Chicneo News
He-''woman- you know. is the weaker
vessel"
she-"Men consider her so. I presume.
because she isn't strong enough to resist
temptation for two"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-10-05

People are quick enough to recognize the
mantle of true greatness when it Is a
Shroud.-Puck.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1901-03-21
WONDERFUL NEW CAMERA.
RumOr Has 1t That with 1t Fair
Photographs Have Been Taken
Through Mile of Fog.

To speak of photography in a fog
sounds like a cutting from comic pa
per rather than serious scientific
fact; but it is a scientific fact, none the
less, and the man who is conducting
Investigations in this peculiar line Of
photography is the shrewd, energetic
ruler of the German empire.
Quite recently the kaiser has been
steamiEg about in the Baltic on his
yacht, ostensbly on pleasure bent, but
in reality with a far different object.
He was accompanied by two men whose
skill with the camera and whose knowl-
edge of its construction are unequaled,
and the result of that little trip will be
the beginning of important develop
ments in connection with the navy and
merchant service of Germany, if not of
other countries.
BY means of a specially constructed
camera the kaiser's friends succeeded
in obtaining clear and distinct photo
graphs of vessels, and of the coast line,
when those objects were mile off and
both the photographer and the photo
graph were enveloped in thick fog.
This wonderful result was obtained
with an exposure of two seconds only.
The necessary complement to the
camera is an apparatus that will enable
the operator to develop his picture in
few seconds so that it can be thrown on
a screen. The perfection of this appa-
ratus is now engaging the attention of
the two scientific men, the expenses
being paid by the German government.
Merchant vessels in a fog could take
their bearings in similar way, and
they would find it more effective than
sirens in preventing collisions.-Chi-
cago American.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1901-03-21
S;i(l:iiEi|:A{1E555FERR1 ion:
& SsSzsS9 a 4 AN w. ss9ssSs,15''!sA'
AN ELECTRIC DIET.
Interesting Possibilities for Improv-
ing All Kinds and Conditions
of Animal Life.

The notion of fattening pigs by cleo
tricity is at all events novel, and if the
inventor Of the process be not disap-
pointed the idea will yet be applied to
other animals, and even to human be-
ings. To DR.. w. ]. Herdman, of the
medical faculty of the University OF
Michigan, the world owes this discov-
cry, which is to the effect that the gal
vanic current promotes the growth of
tissue-that is to say, the increase of
flesh. 1t had previously been ascer-
tanned that plants develop more rapid
ly under the electric stimulus, and
there was no obvious reason why ami
mails should not be equally responsive
to it.
Hence the idea of DR.. Herdman, which
promises well, though its application
cannot as yet be said to have passed be-
yond the experimental stage.
The doctor, for the sake of con-
venience, began his experiments with
guinea pigs, half dozen of which he
put in each of two cages, taking care
that they should all be of exactly the
same age, so as to make the conditions
of the trial as free from flaw as possible.
Around one of the cages he strung sew
eral wires, through which a current of
electricity was kept passing night and
day, while nothing of the kind was done
With the other cage. Meanwhile, for a
stated period, the animals in both cages
were fed with a precisely equal guam
tity of provender of the same kind, so
that there should be no advantage in
this respect on either side. AS result
it was found that the guinea pigs that
lived in an electric environment gained
in weight during measured time ten
per cent. more than those of the non
electric cage.
DR.. Herdman is confident that ordi-
nary pigs, if subjected to similar treat
ment, would exhibit like results. He
proposes to build suitably wired pens,
and to furnish the growing swine with
regular supplies of electricity, much in
the same way as was done with the
guinea pigs.
Nobody can say what may be the
final influence of this new discovery
upon the packing trade, or whether
the electric bacon" of the future may
not command a special price in the
market. The imagination extends the
application of DR.. Herdman's discov-
cry to almost any lengths. Why may
not the day come when every COW in
her stall shall have her private wire
And if electricity is good for pigs, il
may serve to fatten babies, or even
grown persons who are DESTROYS of in
creasing their ayoirdupois. and thus
most interesting possibilities for the i'm
provement of the human physique are
opened up.-Saturday Evening Post.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1901-03-21
FLORENCE KEEPING BOOKS.

were equally amazing; she would
pick up the newspapers or almost
any book and read them easily and
correctly. By the age of four years
she was writing stories. Not infant
jargon, by any means, but sparkling
little stories with the most fascinat-
ing touches of plot and rhetoric. At
this time, also, her mind seemed to
turn to figures. She picked up every
thing herself, and could not be per-
suaded to leave the work, of which
she was so fond
At the age of six years Florence
was allowed to enter the Lincoln
school. She had scarcely been in a
week before she had been promoted
to the second room, and her promo
ton to the A class, third room, was
allowed after an attendance of exact
ly one month.
Florence is now only little past
six years old. She is again ahead
of her class, and ready to step into
the fourth room after attending a
single term.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1901-03-21

on beer. Tell me that beer won't make
person drunk!
Il want to tell you-and l know what
l am talking about - it's one of the
worst promoters of drunkenness. 1t
brought me where l am to-day, pau
per, a vagrant, woman without q
home, thrust into the street to live or
to starve; a mother without her chill
dren. wife without husband, wom-
an without a characterl
Early in my career my fines and
costs were paid by the people for
whom l worked, but when l became so
far gone that people had no use for me
l began to realize the truth of text
l had once heard that the wages of sin
is death.
Il am to-day a wreck of what once
was. 1 am beyond all hope of reform.
l shall get another long sentence in
Jail tomorrow. l shall serve it. shall
be released, get drunk again and prob
ably again, and at last die drunkard,
with no one to care for me; another
poor unfortunate; and those who know
mt VIII SlmPl9 say IL Ol4S LIZ L IN"
ley gone to her death
I'm nearly so now, but I feel as
though l had lived century. But there,
l have told you my story"
The police records covering Lizzie
Finley's criminal career cover long en-
tries in at least five big volumes on file
at the central Office, and from them an
Evening World man was permitted to
make the following entries.
In an ordinary case of drunkenness
the costs in the city court are from SIS
to $7-a fair average is Sc. Prisoners in
working out costs at the county Jail are
allowed 81 per day to apply on their
fine, so that in each case of drunk
against this unfortunate woman fine
of not less than Sc on an average and
sometimes more would be included in
her sentence, which would add at least
six days to each case, or about 500 days
in all.-N Y. World.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1901-03-21
BOARDED WITH IDOL.
Three Shipwrecked Sailors Lived
High on the Offerings to an
East Indian Deity.

Capt Murray, a Port Royal bar pilot,
who has followed the sea since boyhood
and visited nearly every section of the
habitable globe, is full of interesting
"reminiscences of happenings in distant
lands in which he participated. The old
pilot is fond of relating an incident
which occurred near Calcutta. India.
The vessel which he commanded, fine
clipper ship, was wrecked in a typhoon
in the Bay of Bengal and all hands, save
himself and two companions who sue
ceeded in reaching shore in the ships
gig. were lost.
The three exhausted men Immediate
ly sought food and shelter. and while
thus employed came upon an immense
wooden image, which they correctly
surmised to be an Indian idol Night
was upon them and the tired men
bivouacked near by and their atten-
ton was soon attracted by the appear
ance of score of low-caste Hindoos,
each of whom carried in his hands
savory dish which he placed before the
inanimate god. After each native had
deposited his offering with profuse
signs and words they departed and
when the hungry sailors were salts
fled that their strange visitors had re-
treated for the night they greedily de-
voured the bounteous repast intended
for the idol. Murray and his compan-
ions remained in the neighborhood for
several days. subsisting nightly on the
offerings brought by the Hindoos as a
tribute to their god and remaining con-
cealed in the daytime.
One night about ten days after their
shipwreck two natives suddenly sur
prised the three men while they were
in the very act of making their usual
meal and a fight ensued. The natives
well-armed Americans and soon beat
an ignominious retreat, leaving the lat
ter complete masters of the situation.
The captain and his companions, fear
ing that the natives would soon return
in force and massacre them, made their
way to Calcutta, where they secured
passage in homeward bound vessel.
Some IS years subsequently Pilot
Murray recognized in Capt. Cole, of the
ship Kirkum, which called here for a
cargo, one of his Old companions in the
exciting encounter in far-off India.
The recognition was mutual, and the
two men were delighted to renew their
acquaintance after half genera ton.
Columbia IS. c. State.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1901-03-21
SELF-INFLATING RAFT.

without waiting until it strikes the
water. The raft is intended for the
use of several persons, if necessary,
and can also be utilized for carrying
supplies. To accomplish its imitation
a chemical compartment is provided
with a quantity of any suitable So
dunn or potassium, which will be at
tackled by an acid, so as to evolve a
sufficient quantity of gas for the ex-
ransion of the air-tight ring. In or
der to provide the raft with means for
giving a day and night signal, the
central mast is hollow and contains
a quantity of calcium carbide, which
forms an illuminating gas as soon as
submitted to the action of the water.
AS the tube is provided with burners
at either end, it makes no difference
which side up the raft falls. For day
signalling flag is dashed to the mast.
The netting in the center is tightly
strung and will support several per-
sons, being suspended above the wa
ter level to keep the passengers as dr.
as possible under the circumstances
Louisville Courier-Journal.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1901-03-21
IMPROVED DREDGING MACHINE.

trail portion which are adapted to en-
gage the earth as the cylinders are
drawn toward each other, scooping
the earth into the rear portion of
the cylinders. The arrangement is
such that the vessel can be hoated
to any required position and then
drawn apart to the required distance
and sunk to the river bed. The con-
trolling apparatus on the ship above
then begins to tighten the chains,
causing the cylinders to be forced to-
ward each other, which presses the
scoops into the earth and causes
layer of the material of any desired
thickness to slide into the cylinders.
When the latter are filled they are
tilted backward until the opening is
at the top. Then the water in the
end compartment is forced out by in
jecting air and the vessel rises to the
surface, to be transported to the
dumping ground. Chicago Daily
News
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1901-03-21
Sources of SILK SUNNY

The worlds product of silk is 49,
32s,S2S pounds annually. OF this enor-
nous output western Europe produces
$3.50, 075 pounds, the Levant and CEN
trail Asia 3,933,OO7 pounds, and the far
east, which includes China, Japan and
most of India, 25,506,S2S pounds.
China is STILL as it always has been,
the chief producer of silk, yielding
nearly one-third of the entire product.
The leading countries IN this industry
are China, with 12,O26,O93 pounds;
Japan, with 7.96O,53O pounds, and
Italy, with 6,S14,O7O pounds. Since
1897 the increase in the silk product
has been nearly one-third, the yield
for that year having been 14,769 900
pounds, as against ,S2S pounds
in 1899.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1901-03-21
The First Truss Bridge,

1t is impossible to say when the
first bridge was built, so shrouded in
antiquity is the date. But the first
metal truss bridge, the erection of
which marks the beginning of mod
ern methods of construction, was put
up no longer ago than 1910. Almost
all of the great bridges the world
have been built within the last quar-
ter of century. In 1868 bridge was
thrown across the Ohio river with a
span of 800 feet, then unprecedented.
At the present time the limit of a
single span has been extended to Ito
feet in actual construction, while
others of nearly 5000 feet have been
designed by able builders and un-
doubtedly will be erected
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1901-03-21
A WONDERFUL CHILD.
Little Florence Miller Has Been Her
Fathers BOOkkeeper Ever Since
She Was n Baby.

Since she reached the age of four
years Florence Monte Miller has
been bookkeeper for her father, Ere
mont Miller, of Bloomington, Ill. She
is now six years of age.
Little Florence began to exhibit
her extraordinary powers before she
was three years of age. At those
baby years she startled the com
munity by the wonderful beauty and
accuracy of her drawings-both color
and pencil work; that she would de-
velop into phenomenal artist be-
came the current conviction. Her
abilities in other directions. however.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1901-03-21
TAKING CARE OF HIMSELF.

enough so the baby's feet will touch
the ground. He is then set out in the
street to take care of himself. He
cannot turn over, so he at least remains
in an upright position. The basket
is very light, so he often works his way
up the street and far away from home.
He will get into the middle of the street,
so that the donkeys who take the
places of horses and wagons there
must go around him. This they always
do, and it looks queer to see a long line
of donkeys going out of their way to go
around baby in the narrow streets of
the old Spanish town.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1901-03-21
Cats on Ocean Steamers.

Every large ocean liner carries from
six to ten cats, these being appor-
toned to various parts of the ship
as well as appearing on the vessels
books for rations. Particular en-
ployes are detailed to feed these cats
daily, and when in port one man at
tends to them. There is promotion
for pussy on board ship. Ordinarily
unsociable cats are kept in the hold
in the steerage, in the forecastle, but
a cat that is amiable and clever is
given the run of the first or second
class saloons. When at sea the cats
attend to the mice and rats, but
after all can do little more than scare
them out of the parts of the ship fire.
quented by passengers. In port the
ship is visited by professional rat
catcher, who frequently captures SOC
of these pests. The cats always ac-
company the rat catcher, and pick
up the stragglers.