davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1901-12-20
ALUMINIUM.
Latest Views Upon It's Production and
Commercial Importance.

Latest views Upon Its production and
Commercial Importance.
From the London Times.
At the meeting of the British Association
a paper on the commercial Importance Of
aluminium by Prof. E. Wilson was read.
The author pointed out that during the
last ten years enormous progress had been
made in the production Of aluminium In
1900 no less than 5000 tons were produced
by plants having combined output of
about $4,000 horse power, representing a
capital Of over f2,O00, ,OO0 The fntroduc-
tion of the eiectrolytic process for the pro-
duction of aluminium marked an epoch in
the history of this subject, as at the pres
produced by this method.
The process was patented In 1857 by
Hall in America and by Heroult in England
and France. Aluminium could combine to
produce an enormous number of alloys
some OF which, containing l to per cent
of other metals, combined the lightness of
aluminium with greater hardness and
strength. Other alloys containing 90 to 90
per cent of other metals, exhibited prop
critics of those metals much improved for
certain purposes. Much as had been al
ready done, much more remained, and the
alloy producing property Of aluminium
opened up "a vast field for research. The
pureSt aluminium obtained commercially
contained traces of iron and silicon Civ
ing about 996 per cent of aluminium in
the finished product All aluminium might
be said therefore to be used in the alloyed
state The extraordinary 1ightness of
aluminium was one of it's most striking
characteristics. Since the weight of a
given volume Of metal might govern its
financial value, copper being 3.37 times as
heavy as aluminium. it followed that when
ever aluminium cost less than 337 times
copper 1t was cheaper volume for volume
Evening star., 1901-12-20
Mimicry in savages.

From the international Monthly.
When. writes a missionary of the tribes
of the remote part of Victoria, native is
able to initiate the peculiarities Of some
absent member of the tribe, 1t is very COM
mon to hear all in the camp convuised with
laughter. The Indians Of Brazil hold the
peculiarities (the beard. for example) Of
other tribes up to laughter in the shape Of
a lively pantomime. The mimicry. as
might be expected. embraces the odd ways
Of the white. man. The natives of New
South Wales used to be SO skiiiful in this
art that one writes Of them: Their MINI
licking Of the oddities, dress, walk. gait
and looks of all the Europeans whom they
have seen, from the time Of Gov. Phillips
downward is SO exact as to be kind OF
historic register of their several actions
and characters" The same authority tells
us that the Otaheiteans are acute observers
of the manners. actions and even looks of
strangers; and II they have any singular
imperfections or oddities they will not fail
to make themselves merry at their expense
Another traveller certifies to the fact that
the aborigines OF Victoria were splendid
mimics, and after attending the white
mans church would take book and with
much success. initiate the clergyman in his
manner, laughing and enjoying the APP
plause which they received"
Evening star., 1901-12-20
A Lost Gold Mine.
From the New York Times.


Down in Faulkner county, Ark. not far
from the town of Conway, there is a little
stream called Gold creek When citizens Of
the sleepy little village have nothing else
to do they go out in the woods and beat up
and down Its banks in search Of a lost
mine. When the farmers get their crops
laid by" they do the same thing. This
information was impaired by one Of Lit
tie Rocks capitalists who was here re-
Gently In the interest of a railroad which
at present exists only on paper. THE be-
lief that there is an Eldorado In that Sec
tion," he said, lis not based wholly on
tradition. There is no doubt that al Irish
man who visited that section, then a will
derness. in 1850. brought to Little Rock a
pocket full Of gold nuggets. He was caught
in the maelstrom OF the civil war and was
shot through the breast at Pea Ridge. Be
fore he died he told a number of persons
including the army surgeon who attended
him. that he had discovered rich deposits
about thirty miles west of Little Rock.
near a small mountain water course, which
he described. Gold creek. as IT is now
called, in geographical location and physi-
cal appearance seemed to tally with his de-
scription. Hence the Intermittent search
for a lost mine. 1t is said, but this part OF
the story Is pure tradition which ] have
never been able to trace to any authentic
source, that a farmer In that vicinity,
shortly after the war, shot a wild turkey
and found in its crop a gold nugget the
size OF pea"
Evening star., 1901-12-20
sQUALoR IN LONDON.
An Engii.h Architect Speaks Well es
Washington.

From the London Mail.
A candid friend OF London appeared last
night in the person OF Mr.. Trevail. the new
president of the Society of Architects. In
his presidential address at ST. James Hall
MIR. Trevaii said:
The impression that always pals upon
one when returning from either the Euro
pean or American continents TO London 10
the wretchedly narrow and Insignificant
looking streets. with their low. mean, small
shops and dwellings by contrast with what
We have just left behind us. II Is of little
interest to be told how many hundreds OF
miles Of the same sort OF thing London con-
tains, more than does any other metropolis
in Christendom or elsewhere.
The fact still remains in your mind In a
general sense that London looks squaiid
and miserable by comparison, and that
feeling effects one for days. until he once
more gets seasoned into the old haunts.
and relapses into that comfortable frame Of
mind that after all even the Strand and
Chancery Lane. or Fleet street and Lud-
gate Circus, with all their advertising
abominations. look at least familiar and
homelyi
Take the city Of London It may have
some OF the finest commercial palaces In
the world. rivaiing those of old Venice her
self: but look how they are huddled to-
gether. There is positively not the space TO
appreciate their design. their proportions.
Eiysees, Place de la Concorde or the boule-
wards of Paris with our best streets and
squares. and where are we?
"0r, say, the Ringstrasse of Vienna, or
the Boulevard Andrassy at Budapest, or.
carrying our thoughts across the Atlantic,
to Broadway. Fifth avenue, Riverside and
Central Park, New York; the Common
wealth avenue, Boston; Victoria square,
Montreal; East avenue, Rochester; Della
ware avenue. Buffalo; Drexel boulevard,
Washington avenue. or State street. Chi
cago; Pennsylvania avenue, Washington.
or dozens of others that might be named.
Alongside of these our Strand, our White
hall. our Victoria streets, Regent street.
Ptccadilly. Park lane, oxford street, etc,
are but wretched apologies for what leading
streets and thoroughfares should be.
If We except the Thames Embankment.
Shaftesbury avenue. and the new thor
oughfare that is about to be made between
the Strand and Holborn, nothing of an ade-
quate scale to the size and Importance Of
this metropolis has yet been attempted.
With the dilapidated, rickety old ram
shackle properties that We see in some OF
the best and most central parts OF London,
what is wanted is a general rebuilding and
Improvement scheme fixed after mature de-
liberation by a competent central authority
specially constituted by parliament, after
consultation with the chief local authorities
and perhaps the representative societies or
architecture. sculpture and engineering.
with special regard to its qualifications
and fitness for the purpose.
This would be merely following the eN-
ample that has been set in such capitals as
Paris, Vienna and Washington
Evening star., 1901-12-20
HALO OF HEVELIUS.
A Remarkable Meteorological Obsers
walton at Cleveland.

~
vatiOn at Cleveland.
From the Cleveland Plain Dealer.
A most remarkable meteorological obser-
walton, which will be historical, was made
in Cleveland recently by the Rev, Fred
erick Odenbach, S. J.. professor Of physics
In ST. Ignatius College. The observation
was that of the great sun circle or halo OF
Heyelius which has only been observed
three times before. and probably never so
perfect.
Preceding a period of low barometrio
pressure, halos are often noticed about the
sun. The commonest Of these halos is one
that appears at distance OF % degrees
from the sun. An outer halo at a distance
Of 46 degrees is also occasionally noted.
But the great halo of Hevelius at dis
tance Of 90 degrees is a great rarity, and
hundreds of years may pass before II Is
observed again. At times when these halos
are visible there is also visible a parhelic
circle passing through the sun and inter-
secting the halos. AT the points of inter-
section of the parhelic circle with the halos
are formed balls OF light, which are known
as mock suns" dog suns" or "sUn
dogs" These mock suns are really not re-
Elections of the sun at all. but are mere
intensified points of light at the intersec-
tions of two light circles. They are scien-
tifically known as parhelia- Tangent 10
the halos are also occasionally noted tam
gent circles of equal radius These are
known as contact circles.
The phenomena presented yesterday were
very wonderful. The inner circle of - de-
grees was complete, portions of the 40
degree circle were distinct, and the great
circle of Hevelius was distinct for half its
circumference. Portions Of the parhelio
circle were visible. and a part of the con-
tact circle to the halo of 46 degrees was
the most brilliant and resplendent part of
the entire display. Parhelia- or mock suns,
were visible on the 22-degree and the 30
degree circles.
The great circle of Hevelius is located at
such a great distance from the sun that the
whole Of the circumference can never be
visible. 1t was accidentally discovered by
Father Odenbach. He was working by
eastern window in his observatory when he
glanced from his book and noticed a pecu-
liar luminous circular cirrus cloud. as he
supposed. He continued his work. but upon
glancing up about fifteen minutes later he
noted that the supposed cloud had not
moved from its former position. He at
once saw that 1t could be no cloud and ran
to the roof Of his observatory. where the
whole wonderful series of phenomena was
spread out before his eyes.
Evening star., 1901-12-20
Europe Does Not Like Us.
From the Atlantic.

rom tne Atautlc.
The reasons that make Europe dislike
England are. in part, the reasons that make
her dislike America There is at the bot
tom Of IT all despairing envy OF her pros-
perity and success To this is now added .
dread, almost a conviction, hat compet.
tion with America In business is growing
impossible: that America aims at nothing
less than a monopoly OF the worlds trade
suspicion pointed by the terrible fact that
the trusts do not raise prices. and that.
sooner than miss her goal, America would
willingly see Europe plunged into socialism
and revolution. Cultured Europeans In
tensely resent the bearing OF Americans;
they hate the American form OF swagger,
which Is not personal. like the British but
national; and they cannot with patience
think of a country 30 crudely and complete
ly immersed In materfalism- They look
upon Americans. to adopa q happy simtls
which I wish could claim as my own.
much as q New York mugwump looks upon
a Tammany alderman. They accuse them
Of having yulearixed hfe as o Tammany al
derman may be trusted to vulgardze poll
tics. II any American ever troubled to
read the comments OF the European press
on the annual presidential message. he
would discover that. In the eyes of the con-
<iuent the United S6ates u q monster o<
hypocr1sy. only less unctuous than 9reas
Britain herse6.
Evening star., 1901-12-20
Pets of Children.


To every properly constituted child one of
the greatest and most glorious features Of
the holiday season is the facility 1t affords
for the acquisition of pets. The qualities
necessary to constitute a pet are almost in
definitely various: although. perhaps. they
should always be live things TO begin with,
even this qualification Is only an initial
one. and the child affection for kitten or
starfsh frequently becomes only the more
impassioned as the date Of its decease
grows more distressingly remote. To most
boys one Of the greatest recommendations
in their pets Is extreme yoraci.y. and the
caterpillar which can devour cabbage
leaves with speed relatively many times
greater than can be attained by it's propri-
etor in the annihilation Of buns wins for
itself a kind of admiration .lkin to sbso-
lutte hero worship. ~Caterpillars are fasci-
mating also in other ways besides the ex-
tremely gratifying repulsion they generally
inspire in parents and governesses; there is
never any knowing when they are going
In to turn Into chrysallses and things, with
an arbitrariness savoring Of the unearthly.
Evening star., 1901-12-20
FASHIONS IN TOBACCO.
Decadence of Chewing and SnufHns,
While Cigarette Habit Grows.
From the London Standard.

Decadence of Chewing and SnufHns,
While Cigarette Habit Grows.
From the London Standard.
That things are not always what they
seem. even in tobacco, Is piquantly revealed
by the report Issued recently by the prin-
cipal chemist Of the government laboratory
The cheap cigar. however, is not such an
unblushing fraud as once 1t was, so that
Calverly's warning to freshmen, Manillas
vocat, hoe proetexit nomine caules. is now
less needed. But we must still not trust
too much In the name; the most we often
can hope is that the tobacco grew at the
place whose name it bears, for a large
number of foreign" cigars are manufac-
tured in England. because leaf tobacco pays
a much lower duty than the cigar itself.
The law, however. has to fight against
adulteration, and in the main. as We gather,
does 1t successfully. Some additions are
allowed. as necessities or improvements;
but a certain number of manufacturers If
given am inch, try to take ell, by al
ways mixing with the tobacco as much as
legally used. little water. for instance.
is required, but not enough materially to
increase the weight.
In roll tobacco a small quantity of some
kind Of Oil is wanted. but some time ago
it was found that both this and cake
tobacco from certain factories contained
much more oil than was justifable: also
that the amount was gradually being in
creased, and the practice was spreading,
probably because others were doing It in
self-defense. Nor was this the only adul-
terant. About year ago action was again
taken, and the legal limit fixed at per
cent. That a check was needed is shown
by the fact that forty-four out of sixty
one samples were found to be aduiterated-
one-fourth with either licorice or glycer-
Inc. the rest with salicylic acid. It is salts
factory to learn that a substantial penalty
was inflicted. 1t is well the article should
be pure, now that the consumption has be-
come 80 large. For the year ended last
March 50, ,221 918 pounds of leaf tobacco
and .203 pounds of manufactured were
imported into the united kingdom. Rather
more than 100000 pounds of this was
again exported, but over s., 400 600 pounds
remained, and we suppose. had for its epi-
taph pulvis ct umbra-snuff and smoke.
In fact, we use average a little over
two pounds a head yearly. The increase
has been marked during the last ten years.
From 1S41. when a little less than four
teen ounces a head was consumed, there
has been gradual rise of something like
three ounces decade, but during the last
ten years the annual consumption has been
increased by seven. ounces. This Is mostly
due to the habit OF cigarette smoking
which has extended to women and Is the
delight of street urchins. The custom has
its drawbacks
Evening star., 1901-12-20
PRICE OF ERMINE.
The Approaching Coronation Of Kins
Edward BOoms the Pelts.
the r<onlo, r,rlsvrsrh

From the London Telegraph.
With the enormous demand for "fair err
mines spotiess as the SHOWS .hey press"
In view alike OF the coronation and the
marked revival the fur is now enjoying in
fashionable favor, it was only TO be ex-
pected that its value would enhance very
rapidly. and this week has seen various
sensational statements afloat as to record
prices" As far back as the occasion of the
great fair at Mini Novgorod. In the early
summer, the advance In prices was fore
shadowed. and skins of all qualities were
about Is per cent higher than last year.
when the first signs of the exigencies Of
the coming modes were beginning to be-
come manifest. Yet. on the authority of
the oldest and greatest wholesale fur deal
ing house OF the city, il may be stated
that present rates have not yet reached
the figures of fifty and sixty years ago.
Then it was. IN the forms of tippets. founc-
ings for NANTES and muffs that the little
white pelts had their last period Of ad-
miration. Means of transport. Ii is true.
were less perfect than they are with our
selves. but, on the other hand. the love of
fine dress was not nearly so widespread In
all classes as it is today. Then. as now,
errnine was sold In bundles of forty skins.
known in commerce as timber" 1t is
on record that as much as 2l0s. per ..mber
was not then an unusual price. The fur.
however. passed completely out of wear.
SHOCKS OF IL Geteri0rated IN the warehouses
of London and the cont inent, and 1t was in
such little request that practically IL ceased
to appear In the markets
The vagaries OF fashion In all furs save
sable OF sealskin preserve in a sense the
sources of supply from complete eXtermina-
ton. In the long period Of eclipse under
which ermine has lain there has been time
for a great multiplication of the little
stoat, or ciubster, In the remote forest
zones of Siberia. Hence more is available
than might have been imagined, and pres
ent prices for the very finest skins now in
the metropolis run in the trade at from
1S0s to zoos. per timber. That, however,
is a very different sum from what the
retail buyer must pay for a finely matched
garment. Even in the most carefully as
sorted timbers the non-eXpert can detect
great diverSities Of texture and coloring.
By the time that the selected specimens
can reach the really fastidious customer
the value OF each separate skin will be
from 1s Sd. to los. The available portion
of the skin is about twelve inches long and
three inches wide. When it is borne in
mind that the earl marshal orders that the
robe or mantle OF a duchess is to be OF
crimson velvet, the cape powdered with
four rows of ermine, the edging five inches.
the train two yards 1t is obvious that the
ultimate cost of a coronation robe where
the real fur Is used must be very heavy.
The bulk Of the ordinary ermine of COM
merce comes from the Irkutsk district of
Siberia, but the finest skins are derived
from 1schinski. Ermine seldom or indeed
never appears In the great fur sales held
at Mincing Lane. and IS almost invariably
bought and sold by private treaty.
Evening star., 1901-12-20
ART.
Expensive Books.

From the Detroit Free Press.
The largest sum Of money ever paid for
a book was 100000 francs. an amount equal
to $4,000. This sum was paid by the Ger
man government for ''Missal" formerly
owned by Pope Leo X. and by him present.
ed to Henry VIII of England, along with
the parchment which conferred on that
monarch the title of defender OF the faith," I"
a title which has since been borne by all
Saxon rulers. In the time Of Charles IL
the "Missar was presented to the ancestors
Of the famous Duke OF Hamilton. The
dukes library of rare and curious books
finally fell into the hands of Sotherby, VII
kinson & Hodge, London book auctioneers.
who disposed of the relic to the German
government for the price stated. AS long
ago as 1912 syndicate of rich Venetian
Jews called upon Pope Julius II and at
tempted to purchase from him the cele-
brated Hebrew Bible" which is now kept
IN the Vatican. They made all kinds of
propositions. finally offering Its weight In
gold 1t weighs 325 pounds. and would
therefore have netted Julius something uke
100000 had he consented to sell it.
Evening star., 1901-12-20
Figure of the Moon.
From the New York Sun.

The form of, our satellite is that of an
eilipsofd of revolution with its axes almost
equal Theoretical considerations led yarI-
GUS mathematicians. notably Hansen, to
the conclusion that the longest axis was di-
rected toward the earth. Prot. Franz, di-
rector of the observatory of Breslau, from
a series OF precise measurements on mega
tives taken at the Lick observatory, arrives
at the result that the difference between
the axes Is imperceptible. The subject has
lately been investigated by NJ. Mainka
with the heliometer. and he concludes that
the axis directed toward the earth Is not
above four-tenths Of 1 per cent longer than
the other-a quantity OF the same order as
the errors OF observation.
Evening star., 1901-12-20
spitaiAeIds Spinners.

Queen Alexandra, who it may be remem-
bered, made special plea In favor of the
home silk Industries before the issue OF the
drst orders for coronation robes. IL about
to give practical proof OF her desire to en-
courage silk weaving In England. In spite
Of the queens wish 1t IL known that several
business houses have placed their orders
with French firms. to the momentary con-
sternal.on OF English MERGERS who had pre-
pared themselves to meet any demand al
promptly az their foreign rivals. The
queen, however. has now intimated, through
Princess Christian. that many Of her per
sonal orders will be placed direct with the
6pitahelds silk weavers. The little colony
OF weavers that still lingers In Sp.talflelds
where the silk industry at one time was q
thriving business. may expect visit short
" from these two royal ledieA
Evening star., 1901-12-20
Electric Disinfection Of Cars.

from tho lancet.
Nothing sweetens or freshens stale air
better than ozone. and now that most Of
the railway companies have successfully
adopted system by which each carriags
on Its Journey develops by means Of dy-
namo attached to the ax1etrees It's own cur
rent OF electricity Tor lighting purposes
there is no reason why the same current
should not be utilized at the same time to
ozonixe the air OF the compartment. Tha
quantity of ozone required IL small The
result would certainly be good, since the
OZONE has remarkably destructive ac-
tion on aerial Impurities and unpleasant
smells. and gives the air degree OF fresn-
ness similar to that OF the sea hreesA
Evening star., 1901-12-20
Observation-Disclosures

CAROLINE c. HARRINGTON,
stenographer and typewriter,
Room 81. Bliss Building,
dela-26ts
Evening star., 1901-12-20

CHEVY CHASE
French and English School for Girls Suburb of
Washington. French the language Of the house.
Mile L. N. Bouligny. Prin.. Chevy Chase P. o.. Md.
my21-312t.5
Evening star., 1901-12-20
OCEAN TRAVEL.
NORTH GERMAN LLOY]

FAST EXPRESS SERVICE.
RBOrRts-BRFNfEN
Kronprinz. Ian Z. noon Krouprinz Mar. IL am
Kaiser. Ian 81. 10 an Kaiser. Mar 25 10 am
Kaiser. :. Feb. H. 10 an Kronprinz. Apr g. am
TwIN-ScREw PASSENGER SERVICE
SOUTHAMPTON tPAR1S-BREAEN.
Barbsrossa, Dec. %, 10 am
Apply TO & +. DROoP. se5 Pa. ave-.
fesslzt Agent for WashinGtoa
Evening star., 1901-12-20
MANICURE.

PARIS MARLBOROUGH PARLoRs-LONDoN.
f201 Pa. ave.-Washington ofices-1012 st.n.w.
Cromidcr Hair Restorer," bottle, all shades
harmless. Examined fer by Prof. Hird, Dist
Chemist. de20-f, INV, oct
Evening star., 1901-12-20
LADIES GOODS.

FURS COMPLETE STOCK TO SELECT FROM.
All kinds of fur garments remodeled In latest
style Also ladies tailor-made slits to order
Special prices. HORGAN. Ladies' Tailor and
Furrier. 133 18th St NV, south Of n Y. ave.
,u2sffb
Sewing Machines Rep'd,Sl.
An work warranted Orders by mail promptly
attended TO- At OPPENHEIMER'S. 5I4 9th st
NV 1a23-6.u
Evening star., 1901-12-20
SUBURBAN PROPERTY.

FOR RENT-A GROOM HOUSE NEAR REFORM
sch ,ol. Langlon, with barn and acres good land.
sl5 per mo. Apply to WA. IL. SEAMAN. 1924
11th ST NV. de203t'
FOR SALE-0R RENT-BEAUTIFUL SUBURBAN
homes in Hygttsyille: also farms bordering on
steam ard electric roads; terms moderate
de2D-2t' ARTHUR CARR HtlttsviIle Md