New-York tribune., 1901-09-16
ANARCHY IN CHICAGO.
HOW THE WESTERN CITY HAS COME
To INEVITABLE DISTINCTION AS
THE BREEDER OF AN
ARCHISTS.

stances surrounding the arrest in Chicago or
Ssninla Goldman, the high priestess Of anarchy
and nine Of her followers recall the anarchistlc
affairs in which Chicago has had part IN
the past In the circumstances, the following
review OF the course of the Chicago group, SO
Tar known to the police and to the pubic Is
not uninteresting at this time
The conspiracy which eliminated in the piaze
Of dynamite and the murder of policemen on
the night of May e. 1886, had its origin far away
from Chicago and under a social system very
different from ours. Anarchy in this city is the
direct result of social revolt in Europe which,
under more lax laws and greater freedom OF
press and speech, has been able to develop TO
degree impossible in the Old World
Chicago has well been named 1.-The hotbed OF
anarchy" for after the enactment OF the strlh-
gent laws in Germany against social democracy
and the determined opposition of Prince Bis
marck as well as laws passed and precautions
taken in other European countries, the exodus
to the United States began AS this unde-
sirable class of people increased in numbers
Chicago unfortunately seems to have been
chosen as the favored abiding place, notwith-
standing public sentiment. which is strongly
against such state of affairs
Even the sudden awakening that occurred In
1873 was little more than political froth. but II
had its lasting effect, however small 1t was
about this time that the movement for an eight
hour day began. The communists in the East
began the agitation. This was taken up win
added zest in Chicago and eliminated in the
bread riots" and other disgraceful proceedings
The first point of attack was the Relief ana
Aid Society which was helping the destitute
The communists asserted that they had SoUo'-
600 which was being misappropriated- In De-
cernber a procession formed and a committee
called on the officers Of the Aid Society, but dlo
not receive an interview This fncensed them SO
that violence was resorted to, and full -1edged
anarchist society was the result, with number
of well known reds officers and leaders
The next step was TO gain control of Ger
man daily paper This at first failed. but by
the end of four or five years one was started,
which became so rabd later to be the real
instigator of the Haymarket riot The organ
ization was fast drifting away from Its meth
ods OF peace for bringing about reforms, and
had already begun to clamor for blood
A secret meeting was held, where a declara-
ton of principles adopted IbO was fol-
lowed by countless Others and on July %, 1871
a fight between the communists took place near
the Halsted-st. viaduct. This followed closely
on the accession to power of Parsons and Schil-
ling as leaders of the reds
The communists lay dormant for some time
after this and the next notable step the
purchase OF tne AiDcileI "Aii-'- ~
came the official organ. Shortly after June 10.
1873, another paper was started. known as
THE Alarm" with Albert Parsons editor.
After the second election of Carter II. Earri-
son. ST., as Mayor the communists let politics
entirely alone, ard began to depend solely on
force TO gain their point. Military companies
began to be formed and rife practice was the
order of the day. Professions filed the streets.
ard women standard bearers, carrying red and
black banners, invariably headed the columns.
One OF the most notable of these took place
Tuesday night, April 2s. 1885. on the occasion Of
the opening Of the Board OF Trade building.
Fielden and Parsons held open air meeting.
and gathered together two thousand of their
followers and, headed by brass hand marched
through the principal thoroughfares and wound
up in front of the Board of Trade indulged in
a fight with the police and then withdrew.
For inspiration tire Chicago anarchists were
wont 10 look Rersdorf, who attempted the life
of the Emperor of Germany, and his accom-
plices. Hoedel and Nobling, who were executed
with him. Were reverenced as martyrs. Herr
Most began figure as A bright star in
the armament. February 16. 1886, was the day
on which the movement which eliminated in
the murder of a dozen policemen and the MAIN
ing Of more at Eayrnarl1et Square may
be said 10 have been horn. On this day occurred
the lockout at the Mccormick Harvester Works
On February % and March 3 meetings were
held al Grief's Hall. and one hundred and forty
men came out from them armed with rifles re-
volyers and bombs with determination to pre-
vent the "scabs" who were then operating the
Mccormick plant from going to work The way
laying of men on their way TO work now began
and little later lively battle took place be-
tween the guards the gate. the police and
worknen against the Reds" who were deter
mined TO wreak vengeance on all who were on
the opposite side of the fence. The anarchists
were defeated, but a large number on both sides
went away with broken heads and some with
bullet holes in their bodies
Soon after the riots at McCormick's the no.
torious Revenge Circular" was distributed.
On May i. 1886. appeared the announcement of
the mass meeting at Haymarket Square 1t
was printed in German and English and an
nounced that good speakers would denounce the
atrocious acts of the police, and urged all work
men 10 be present. That night meeting was
held in cave in West Lake-st Here Parsons.
Spies. Lingg and others gave out dynamite
bombs and perfected the scheme for the over
throw Of the city government The signal for
action was the lighting of a huge bonfire In
Wicker Park. Lingg was the manufacture of
the bombs. and he carried them about with him
in a satchel
The plan adopted for action was to cut the
telegraph wires between police stations to make
communication impossible; proceed to one sta
hon after another and destroy it with bombs:
70 IRE buildings on the way, so as to call out
the Fire Department. to prevent its being called
on TO suppress the riot, and TO kill every police
man they came in contact with. The meeting
was to be held in Haymarket Square a widen
Ing in Randolph-st., between Halsted and Des
PLANES sts.. half a block from the raeni,,n,. -.