Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1901-04-20

packers or glass ana small articles OF
| every kind use it. and dolls are stuffed
with IL. Yellow pine makes the best saw
| dust. as 1t is the least dusty and has a
pungent. healthy smell. But any light
wood will do. Black walnut sawdust will
not SELL and is burned.
The utilization of sewage is a most i'm
portant question. but apart from the chem
zeal and agricultural uses to which II is
now put, there is yet to be solved the
| problem of utilizing the waste with which
every river to a less or greater degree is
| polluted This is one of the things that
| they seem to manage better in France for
| in most interesting article which ap-
| peared a few months ago in the Leisure
Hour 1t was pointed out how the floating
debris of the Seine has for years been a
source of profitab bic manufacture in obtain
ing from it greases and other products of
commercial value.
Animal Waste.
The utilization of animal waste presents
| an extensive field In the large pig-killing
| establishments in this country and some
| in England and Ireland, there is literally
nothing lost-save the squeal Whether
| horse flesh will ever become in this country
an article of food it is difficult to say but
an organization in Paris known as the So
ciety for Promoting the Use of Horse
Flesh claims to have provided Paris be-
tween 1866 and 1881, with ca ,Sir9, AGO pounds
| OF meat. With US the worn-out and dead
horses come out from factory yards. the
flesh as oil for soapmakers and leather
dressers. and the bones as oil. fat glue
and manure. TO say nothing of the large
Quantities sold for cats meat.
Coal Tar Products.
That a coal-tar product should find a de-
mand among pharmacists and farmers as
we'll as in surgery and dyeing is remarkable.
! but such is the with naphthalne one
Of the latest manufactures from coal tar
A German chemist has discovered that one
of the striking tori fIr of
naphthaline is the fact that 1t is not in
furious to man and the higher animals
whether breathed as gas used in sub
stance externally or internally, while IL has
very different action on the lower organ
ismS. both animal and vegetable, such as
fungi, insects, etc, for they are not able
to endure the action of the gas for any.
length OF time. These, however, are the
very properties that good antiseptic ought
to possess. 1t is now used as a protection
against moths by fur dealers and others
ana Is also useful In Kidding houses of
other insect pests. For destroying that mi
mute insect known as phylloXera, so trou-
olesome to grape vines, it has been found
exceedingly useful
That sweetening agent should come
from coal tar will be q surprise to many
but such is really the case BY a novel
treatment of one of the components of coal
tar a compound may be obtained possess
ing very similar Sweetening properties to
the best cane or beet root sugar This
saccharne presents the appearance of a
white powder. and crystaliizes from it's
aqueous solution in thick, short prisms
soluble In warm water.
Saccharine forms salts. all of which pos
sess very sweet taste and physicians
are looking to this product as a substance
by means of which diabetic persons NAV
enjoy food which has hitherto not been
safe for them. Light from the gas in the
making of which coal tar is a refuse and
species of. sugar obtained from that
refuse are probably such combination of
sweetness and light" as never was
dreamt Of by the sweet singer who has
given us that term.
Cuttings and Scrapfngs,
In the great cotton plantations of the
southern states cotton seed was for gen.
erations thrown away but 1t is now a rec
ognized commercial commodity for the
blending of lubricating and cooking oil in
the mixing of feed cakes for cattle. Oil
ropes, after they have been picked by pris-
oners. are served up again as material for
caulkfng ships. The refuse from candle
works comes out as glycerine, and that of
soap works as manure. Some Of the most
delicatery scented perfumery comes out of
waste rubbish.
Use has been found for the refuse OF tam
neries and curriers' shops Much of the
material formerly wasted in these trades
Is now used for making the soles of boots
and shoes. The leather cuttings and scrap
ings are cleaned. dampened compressed
and dried, the refuse IN this process being
IN turn manufactured into what is known
as leather board.
Waste paper is converted into q great
variety of useful things, into pals cups
and even car wheels and building mate
rials.
A Use for Smoke.
The saying that an enterprise has "all
ended in smoke" does not have the signif-
canoe that 1t did before a way was found to
materialize that airy product into sub
stances as tangible as OILS acids, spirits
and tar. A single blast furnace In west
ern state which conveys it into stills has
charcoal pits and conveys 1t into stills has
been able to realize enough from this
source to pay large share of its running
expenses. 1t has demonstrated that each
cord of wood contains $4,000 cubic feet of
smoke, and that 2.S00,000 feet of smoke
produces 1000 pounds of acetate of lime
ana 200 gallons of alcohol and twenty-five
pounds of tar.
Smoke from the factory chimneys is
largely carbon In another form, and in the
course of a few years We may EXPECT 10
see some diminution of the smoke nuisance
so prevalent in large towns, not from the
vigilance of the sanitary inspectors but be-
cause consumers are beginning to learn
that instead of allowing the particles of
carbon to escape with the other products
SO helping to poison themselves and thei"
neighbors, they might have lighter coal
bills to pay by burning up these particles.
Vegetable Waste.
In the utilization of vegetable waste
much of a surprising nature could be said.
The seeds or stones Of many fruits which
would apparently seem useless have some
economic value. In some parts of Egypt
the date stones are boiled to soften them,
and the camels and cattle are fed with
them. They are calcined by the Chinese,
and said to enter into the composition of
their India ink In Spain they are burnt
ana powdered for dentifrice, and vegetable
ivory nuts are said to be applied for the
same purposes. Some species of attalea
nuts are burned in Brazil to blacken the
raw India rubber. In India the seed or
stone of the tamarind is sometimes pre-
scribed in cases Of dysentery as a tonic
In times of scarcity of food the natives eat
them after roasting and soaking them for a
few hours in water; the dark outer skin
comes off, and they can then be cooked in
various ways. From this seed an oil has
also been obtained. The seed of the carob
bean is ground up as food for cattle, and
is used in Algeria, when roasted, as coffee
The use of some Mexican and other grasses
for brushes is being rapidly developed
This material is as strong and flexible as
bristles, and even the refuse from this is
being used as Stuffing for mattresses ,J>1,a