davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07

make use Of their ignorance for their own
commercial and political advancement.
This has been notably seen in the city Of
New York. where a lax city government
has permitted the vampires of society to
fasten their fangs upon the Ghetto and to
produce conditions which call for the ac-
tive interference Of all those forces which
seek to stamp out crime and vice. But, on
the other hand. to one who is acquainted
with the inner life of the Ghetto the vir-
tues which have hitherto characterized the
Jews-irdustry and sobriety-are still to be
found there; more frequently than in those
parts where the richer classes congregate,
and whose wealth enables them to withdraw
their doings from the public gaze). Its
members are as Industrious as bees in a
hive; and though extremely htigatious.
drunkenness is unknown and actual crime il
comparatively rare.
In order to correct the abuses OF the
Ghetto, two things are absolutely necessary
the increase of the actual number of Jews
there must be stopped, and the crowding
into certain distinct fields of work must be
brought to an end.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07
Review Of the Cen.


tablished order Of things, mixes itself vay
seldom in the internal affairs Of the Jew
ish communities. This reform movement
has colored the religious Development q
Judaism during the three-Quarters Of ths
century which IS past. The heat OF the
controversy II now well-niSh spent. Many
Of those who stood In the front ranks have
passed away. so that . moro Just estimate
of its value can DO reached. It was .
period Of tremendous upheayals, Of great
physical as well a. mental pain. Many .
congregation was split in twain. many .
family disrupted. At one time 1t looked -
II two distinct bodies Of Jews would emerge
from the struggle and the union Of Isrsa
be destroyed forever. A common enemy
anti-Semitism-joined the two forces ID.
gether for a common defense, and ths
danger Of such q split II now fairy 3
thing of the past.
This aesthetic revolution in the Synagogue
could not. however. long remain the only
outward sign Of the new life. The sreas
weakness Of the reform movement has ben
that It has lacked a philosophic basis: a16
as In its first beginnings, with the e1ce1e
ton Of Hamburg, 1t took little note OF u
changed point Of view from which tho
who fought for reform looked at the oo
theological ideas. Aesthetic reform was ~
work largely of individual persons n -
dividual congregations. No attempt had bcee
made either to formulate the philosopnN
basis upon which the reform stood OF "
provide a body which should regulate ~
form which the new order of things vast %
TAX on. Two attempts were made to rem
edy these evils. 10th closely related one %
the other.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07

pen q strong movement still farther west
ward had already taken place. Jews were
among the earliest settlers on the Ameri-
can Continent. They were in nearly every
case Of Spanish or Portuguese descent. hav-
ing come from Holland and England to the
possessions which these Powers held on the
new continent. In the middle Of the Nine
teenth Century. when the tide OF immisra-
ton from Germany was at its height. q
states and the Rhine region found their
way to these shores. The Russian atroci-
ties Of 1882 and the following years caused
a greater shifting of the Jewish population
westward than can be paralleled at any
previous time. 1t has been estimated that
between the years 1882 and 1900 fully L.
100000 Russian Jews left their homes in
the pale of settlement, finding new DWELL
ing-places In England, Germany and
France. The largest number probably half
a million) came to the United States and
Canada. Untoward economic conditions ex-
listing in Galicia and the frequent outbreaks
OF anti-Semitism there. forced out during
the nineties a large number Of Galician Jews:
and in 1899 and 1900 the hostility Of the
Roumanian Government made It i'm
possible for thousands Of Jews to remain
in a country in which most Of them had
been born; and, under circumstances the
like Of which has hardly ever before been
seen, bands Of Roumanian Jews have been
wandering over Europe. seeking the means
by which to come to the American Con-
tinent in order there to establish them
selves anew. There are between ten and
eleven million Jews to-day in the world: Of
these. about 100000 live in Europe; L.
100000 in the United States and Canada:
$4,000 in Africa; $4,000 in Asia. and 5000
in Australasia.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07
Communal Organization
in History.

All these changed circumstances various
ly modified the organization of the Jewish
communities. In the year 1870 the more lib
eral-minded element among the London
Jews cut themselves loose from the United
Synagogue and formed a reform party,
their example being followed in Manchester
and Bradford. Neither they nor the recent
immigrants from Russia, who rave formed
their own Federation of Synagogues.'' rec
ognize the authority Of the chief rabbi.
This more congregational system has been
carried to its utmost limits in the United
States. where each congregation is a law
unto itself and absolutely rejects any inter-
ference on the part Of any larger body.
From time to time a desire has been mani
tested to supersede this purely congrega-
tional system by some form Of union. The
late Doctor Isaac NJ. Wise Of Cincinnati
had at various times attempted to bring
the Jews Of the United States together with
an authoritative synod at their head. Out
OF this and other attempts have come the
Central Conference of American Rabbis and
the Union of American Congregations
founded in 1879. which now comprises
about n%inety-one congregations. These or
CARNATIONS. however. do not by any means
represent either all Of the Jewish ministers
or all of the Jewish congregations. n
the union itself is merely a deliberative
body, having no power to do anything in
the internal affairs Of one of its constituent
s~ynagogues. Since the Union Of American
Jewish Congregations comprises only such
as stand Dol q reform platform, . union
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07
Scientific Study Of
Jewish History.

The first was c~rystallized in what Is noe
known as the Science Of Judaism ~
which Ia meant the untrammeled. scientme
investigation OF the past history OF "
Jews. The want Of this was severely IT,
Just in those centers where reform ~.
taken up its abode. and those who assistes
at its birth did 50 with the avowed paIr
pose of getting at the real kernel OF JUL s.
ism by such investigation and Of freN.
that kernel from the accretions OF -.
They say also that some means had to-
found by which the result OF these
searches could, be brought before the ~
pie. The Mendelssohn period had aisos
this. but It's organ had been written IN =.
brew, and could not, therefore, appeaiS
those who wished for the intellectual
OF the Jews upon modern nnLt
The Society for Culture and the Science
in Berlin bounded 1870 startS
journal, with l.. Zunz as editor. Thouxpss
lived only during the years 1872 and De-
Was the forerunner and the model for -
of its kind that followed after. In DSS
peared Geiger'S Scientific Journal Tor -
ish Theology. n In 1887 a regular 49,
was established by L. Phiiippson. the 49,
meme Zeitung des Judenthums. Av -
these and other journals which gu
rprang up there gathered q coterie o.
torians. philol0gists and students OF ~
ture which in the fifty years betwees
and 1850 has built up q science when
extended its investigations into even
ner OF Jewish life in the past and 49,
lowed into their sources the varioue 21
OF development which have appeare4
time to time. A FUN estimate Of T.
COatinUo0 - To0o $685.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07
Jewish Freedom
in England.

The cause Of Jewish emancipation in Eng
iand suffered no such sudden changes as
1t did on the Continent. 1t proceeded by
regular stages through the a%brogation Of
the Act Of Test in 1928. the admission Of
Jews az citizens OF London in 1890, as
sherins In 1885. as magistrates In 1886, and In
1858 as members OF Parliament by the re-
moval OF the words upon the faith Of q
Christian" In the oath taken by the MEM
bers. There can be no doubt that the eman-
cipation in England. though long drawn out
and fercely contested. was more effective
than anywhere else. owing to the fact tha
1t was progressive in character and based
upon the idea Of rights demanded and not
upon that OF favors granted. Nothing was
asked Of the Jews in England other than
that they be good citizens Of the state:
while the whole continental legislation re-
sarding them. from the time of Napoleon
on. had on the part Of the legislators My
one object in view-to break up the cohe-
sion OF the Jews as a body and to pave the
way Tor their disappearance as q distinctive
group. Tit Idea that emancipation was q
favor and not q right brought 1t about that
the Jews themselves aided in their own dis
Indignation. They believed that 1t was their
duty to show themselves more patriotic
than were the other citizens Of the State in
wnien they lived. as they were receiving
greater favOrs. And 30, even though Jews
have sat in the p%arliaments Of various CON.
tinental States. they a with few excep-
tons steadfastlT refused to acknowledge
themselves TO be In any way representa-
tives OF their brethren, and in some cises
Cnotably in Franco during the last few
years have either remained supinely ihGif.
ferent when Jewish questions were before
their several parlismenta. OF have ovSq
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07

aided those whose agitation was directed
against their fellow-Jews. In England. on
the contrary, the Jewish member Of Par
lament have never forgotten that. in addl-
ton to their interests as citizens of Eng
land. they nave a duty to perform to the
Jews. whom they also represent. and they
have therefore been able. while giving their
best services to the state. to be also useful
to their co-religionists. 1t may be due to
this cause that the emancipation Of Jews
on the continent has in no way been able to
stem the recrudescence Of anti-Semitism:
while 1t has undoubtedly done this in Eng
land. The opposite effect Is most clearly
seen in Algiers. where :he wholesale einan-
cipation OF the Jews in 1870. through the CT
forts Of Cremieux. that bold champion Ct
his people. has in a large measure cen
tributed to make the riots possible which
"a in late years be.n witnessed in that
French colony. Neither tie population Of
Algeria nor the Jews there were at nat
time ready for such a measure: 1t Gid not
therefore come as the result IF a develop
ment among the people. but as something
imposed upon them by the Government.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07
Emancipation
of the Jews.

The struggle OF the Jews in the various
European countries for civil rights and for
equality before the Law was long drawn out.
and was marked by varying fortunes de-
pendent upon the political conditions OF
these countries. Mere than seventy years
OF the century had passed before this strug-
gle had been fought out. Though It il true
that a beginning was made in Germany and
Austria Q7t0 M IBID, to France belongs
the honor OF having been the first to really
90 away with the mass OF anti-Jewish leg
selation which the centuries preceding had
piled up. On the 18th Of September, 1881, the
National Assembly at one stroke removed
al the disabilities under which the Jews
had been living-distinctive dress. special
Jews oath. Jews tar, forced residence in
certain localities. etc. From France. and
unoer the influence which that country then
exercised. The emancipation Of the Jews
epread TO Belgium and Holland. and to
ecne OF the States Of Germany; but the rest
os Europe vas not yet ready for this eman.
0oedon. The reaction which marks the
period between 1el4 and lD4s made itself felt
pen the yeWa, restoring. IN many places.
See oisaeQfties under which they had for.
Nef1y hvsd. Ths "~yudenxaseen" became
s2oes Dors inhahated, ana the princip,e, =,
l ana liberty for al members OF the
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07
Internal Religious
Development and Reform.

The facility with which the Jews attach
themselves to changed circumstances stands
out Enthusiastically through their whole
history. 1t might, indeed, be said with
some show Of truth that this pliability Is
the weak side in the Jewish character. The
readiness of the Jew to be almost anything
and not simply his own self has been one
Of the factors producing a certain Ill will
against him. Disraeli was the most lingo
of all imperialists in England; Lasker the
most ardent advocate of the newly consti-
tuted German Empire. This ~pliability Is the
result Of the wandering life he has led
and the various civilizations of which he
has been a part. He had to find his way
into Hellenism in Alexandria. into Moorish
culture in Spain. into Slavism In Russia
and Poland. When the first wave of the
modern spirit commenced to break from
France eastward over the whole of Europe,
1t reached the Jew also. While in France
the new spirit was largely political, in Ger
many it was more spiritual. In its political
form as well as II. its spiritual form 1t re-
acted not only upon the political condition
of the Jew. but especially upon his mental
attitude The new spirit was intensely mod
ern. intensely cosmopolitan, intensely Oc-
cidental and intensely inductive. The Jew
had preserved to a great degree his de-
ductive. Oriental, p~articularistic and an
cient mode of thought and aspect Of life.
The two forces were bound to meet. As a
great oak is met by the storm. so was
Israel set upon by the fury of this terrible
onslaught. 1t is Of interest to see in what
manner he emerged from this storm
whether he has been able to bend to its
fury. to lose perhaps some of his leaves and
even some Of his branches. but to change
only in such a way as to be able to stand
upright again when the storm is past.
This great clash of ideas has produced
what is known as the Reform movement. It
had its origin in Germany under the spirit
ual influences Of the regeneration of Ger
man letters produced by such men ~
Goethe, Schiller. Herder. Leasing and Mem
delssohn. It was aided in a large meas
ure by the fact that the Government in
Germany, although distinctly opposed 10
anything which uiutstes against ~ -.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07

success to the inimitable impudence with
which they were uttered.
Dining at a gentleman's house in Hamp.
shire. where the champagne was far from
good. he waited for a pause In the CONVEX
sation. and then said loud enough to be
heard by every one: John, give me some
more OF that cider.'
'Brummel. you were not here yesterday"
said n OF his club friends; where did
you diner"
Dine! Why. with q person Of the name
OF R. I believe he wishes me to notice
him, hence the dinner; but. to give him his
due. he desired that 1 would make up the
party myself, so I asked Alvanley. Mills.
Pierrepoint and a few others; and 1 assure
you the affair turned out quite unique;
there was every delicacy in or out of sea-
son; the sillery was perfect, and not a wish
remained ungratifed; but. my dear fellow,
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07
To One in Paradise.

Thou vast all that to me. love.
For which my soul did pine;
A green isle in the sea. love,
A fountain and n shrine
All wreathed with fairy fruits and flowers,
And all the flowers were mine.
All, dream too bright to last!
All. starry Hope, that didst arise
But to be overcast!
a voice from out the Future cries.
"On! on!'-but DER the Past
dim gulfD my spirit lowering lies
Mute, motionless. aghast.
For. alas! alas! Will me
The light of Life Is DER!
No moreno moreno more
(Such language holds the solemn sea
To the sands upon the shore)
Shall bloom the thunder-blasted tree,
Or the stricken eagle soar.
And all my days are frances,
And all my nightly dreams
Are where thy gray eye glances.
And where thy ~footstep CLEANS
In what ethereal dances,
BY what eternal streams
Edgar Allan Poe.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07
An Easter Carol.

TOMB. thou shalt not hold him longer:
Death is strong. but Life Is stronger;
Stronger than the dark, the light;
Stronger than the wrong, the right.
Faith and Hope triumphant say
Christ will rise on Easter Day.
While the patient earth lies waking.
TIL the morning shall be breaking,
Shuddering meath the burden dread
OF her Master, cold and dead.
Hank! she hears the angels say
Christ will rise on Easter Day.
And when sunrise smites the mountain.
Pouring light from heavenly fountains
Then the earth blooms out to greet
Once again the blessed feet;
And her countless voices say,
Christ has risen on Easter Day.
Up and down our lives obedient
Walk. dear Christ, with footsteps radiant
Till those garden lives shall be
Fair with duties done for Thee:
And our thankful spirits say,
Christ arose on Easter Day.
-phillIpS Brooks
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07

conceive my establishment when 1 tell you
that Mr.. R. had the assurance to sit
down and line with US"
An acquaintance having. in a morning
call. bored him dreadfully about some tour
In the North OF England. inquiring with
great pertinacity. as to which of the lakes
Brummel preferred. Turning to his valet.
who was in the room, the Beau said:
Robinson" Sir which of the lakes
do l admire?" "W-indermere. sir" replied
that distinguished individual. "Ah. yes:
Windermere,' repeated Brummel; 80 1t Is
-Windermere.'
Having been asked by a sympathizing
friend how he happened to get such a Sc
we're cold, his reply was: why do you
know, l left my carriage yesterday evening.
on my way to town from the Pavilion. and
the infidel of a landlord put me into a
room with a damp stranger"
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07
ANSWERS

THE REPUBLIC hereby thanks the follow
ing named persons for responses to requests
for poems published on this page: Mrs. VI.
e. Maxwell, st. Louis. The Captive
Knight and Thou Hast Wounded the
Spirit That Loved Thee and "When You
and Were Young. Maggie: l.. j.. "A song
Of Tears: F. NJ. BlakeIy. st. Louis. and
Miss Annie B.. Boyce. Little Rock. Ark.
1.-The Captive Knight; Mrs. n. =. Asher,
Brunswick. Mo-: Mrs. II. F. Hopkins. st.
Louis. and Mrs. Robert Martin. Carrollton.
Mo. Thou Hast Wounded the Spirit That
Loved Thee"
Interested Reader. st. Louis, Mo-: Owen
Mercdith's Lucille Is not considered i'm
moral.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07
Legend of the
Wandering Jew.

In addition to Roumania. Russia is prac-
tically the only country which has refused
to enter the European concert and which
by means Of laws and ordinances represents
still the dark period Of the Middle Ages. II
has turned the Provinces on its western
borders into a tremendous Ghetto. and
driven the Jews to exile by making life
within that pale practically impossible.
Even Portugal in 1872. and Spain In 1861
(the two countries from which the Jews had
been banished for a great number OF years.
opened their doors to them once more;
though few Jews have ventured to return
to the Peninsula. despite the fact that in
the promotion Of Jewish immigration into
Spain.
The Wandering Jew II not the Jew OF
legend, but the Jewish people Of history.
The dislocation Of large Jewish bodies,
which was characteristic Of the Middle
Ages. has been kept up during the Nine
teenth Century: and this dislocation has.
Judaism in the various countries. From the
Fifteenth Century on to the Nineteenth,
hostile legislation on the part Of Western
Europe had been continually driving the
Jews to the East. The expulsion from
Spain and Portugal. at the end Of the Fiji
thousand into Turkey: while the hardships
which they lad to suffer In the smaller Ger
man states n IN Austria caused large
numbers to seek q refuge in Poland and
Russia. The tide commenced to turn west
ward about the middle Of the Eighteenth
Century. though bands Of Jews from Poland
had been driven into Germany. Italy and
Holland In the terrible years Of the Chmel-
nickf perceptions QS4e-lse1). The read
mission Of Jews into England. the relative
kindness Of Frederick william Of Prussia
and Of Frederick the Great, aided . certain
slow but continuous iniltration from
Poland. 80 that at the end Of the Eighteenth
or the frst half Of the Nineteenth Century
these Polish Jews were to be found in all
parts Of Germany, Holland and England.
This slow migration back again 70 Western
Europe took On. however. mitch larger pro-
portions In the latter part Of the Nine
teessth CAsfisfv: hns hefora this cnnld hap
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07
FAMOUS F. AND t.
POPULAR OLD SONGS

And souls in anguish their burdens bors
And the world was sadder than ever he
fore.
A singer sang a song of cheer.
And the great world listened and smiled.
Fol he sang Of the love of n Father dear
And the trust of n little child;
And souls that before mad forgotten IN
pray.
Looked up and went singing along the
way.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07
Jews and Judaism in the Nineteenth Century, BY Richard LII Geahsa -

THE SUNDAY REPUBLIC

WRITTEN FOR THE SUNDAY REPUBLIC
The opening years OF the Nineteenth Gen.
fury found the Jew blinded by the light of
. new sun, the rays OF which were beating
upon the ghetto and were forcing him to
take OF. enc by one. the many garments
with which he had clothed himself during
the hostile Middle Ages. For the Jew these
Middle Ages did not end with the Reforma-
tion and the Renaissance; but only disap-
peafed In the transformation brought about
gradually by the French Revolution. The
beginning Of the Twentieth Century sees
him putting on some OF these garments
again n trying to save his own warmth
from being lost in the GOODNESS of the out
side world. During this period the Jew
has passed through more upheavals than
many nations have during three or four
dimes the number Of years. What outward
struggles has he not been called upon to
experience: through what alternating sea-
sons OF 10Y and sorrow has he not passed.
What changes even within his own body
has he not sustained! The modern European
and American world has had a hard fight
70 find its way into present changed condi-
tfon: but much harder by far was the task
laid upon the Jew: and. whether he has sue
ceeded or not, he has made an honest fight.
Evidences Of the struggle abound on eevry
hand. and the road Is strewn with many a
dead hope and many a lost opportunity.
The Jew was bound more firmly to ancient
traditions; and SO interviewer were these
ancient traditions with his whole being that
the new life into which he came had OF
necessity to be blended with the old. The
tale OF the Jew OF the Nineteenth Century
Is a record of his endeavor to do justice to
the two demands which were made upon
him: The one from the outside world-to
Mt himself to take his place worthily and
do his work side by side with the other
citizens OF the state in which he lived; the
other from yithin his own ranks-to har-
monize his religious belief with his new
point OF view and to adapt his religious ex-
ercises to modern social conditions.