The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1901-12-06

legislation directed az the trusts would have
/ been ontirely ineffective. Ia dcallnE with
/ business interests. Tor the government Go un-
dcrtake BY crude and ill-consldcrcd lsgialn-
/ would be 20 incur The risk Of such far-roach-
/ Ing national disaster that IL would be- prefer
able "a undertake nothing az all
| IAN this On true. aud yet u n also truc
/ that there are reai and grave evils one ~
the chief being oger-CapltalEatnm because
/ OF itH mnay balciul consequences, aud a rcso-
/ lutte and practical effort aust be made 20
correct these evils.
Government Supervision.
ut a. no Limitation upon property riehta
] or freedom % contract 10 REQUIRE that when
/ men receive from government the privilege oi
/ doing business under corporate form. which
| frees them from individual responsibility.
| and enables them TO call into their enterprises
the capital % the public. they lhall do 90
I upon absolutely truthful representations as 20
the value Of the property in which The capi-
tat Ia Go be invested Corporations engaged
Ia Interstate commerce should DO regulated
n they are found TO exercise a license work
| ing 20 the public Injury II should hc as
much the aim OF those who seek for nocial
bettcrment 10 rid the business world of
polite of crlmes OF violence Great corpora
tons exist only because they are created
and safcguardcd by our institutions and u
IN therefore our right and our duty Co SEQ
that they work In harmony with these instl-
tutons.
Publicity Remedy for Trusts.
"The first essential In determining how 60
deal with the great industrial combinations
10 knowledge Of the factE-publicity. In tho
interest % the public. the government should
have the right 10 inspect and examine tho
workings OF the great corporations engaged
IN Interstate business. Publicity h tho only
sure remedy which we can now Invoke. What
further remedies are needed Ia the way 20
governmental regulation. or taxation. can
only be determined after publicity has been
obtained. by process OF law, aud Ia the course
81 administration. Tho frat requisite Is
knowledge. full and compiotc-knowledge
which may be made public To the world
Artificial bodies. such as corporations and
Joint stock other associations. depending
upon any statutory Law for their existence or
privileges, should be subject TO proper gov
crnmentnl supervision, and fun aud accurate
Information as 20 their operations should Do
made public regularly az reasonable intervals.
The large corporations. commonly called
trusts. though organized ln one state. always
DO business In many states, often doing very
little business in the state where they are
incorporated. There IL utter lack 81 Uniform
ity in the state laws about thcm. and 40 no
state has any exclusive interest in or power
over their ncta. Il has Ia practice proved im-
possible 90 get adequate regulation through
state action Therefore in the Interest 81 thc
whole people. the Nation should. without in
tcrfcring with the power OF the states iu The
matter itself. also assume power of super
vision aud regulation over all corporations
doing an Interstate burIuoHu This Del cspo-
clally true where the corporation derives
portion % SIS wealth from the existence 81
some mUnopolir'lc cltmcat or tendency iu ga
business. There would be no hardship m
such supervision banks arc subject 90 u. aud
in their case 10 Do now accepted o. a simple
matter OF course Indeed. u iH probable that
supervision ~ corporations by the National
government need not go 30 Tar a. b nov The
case with Tho supervision exercised over them
by 90 conservative state ua Massachusetts.
IA order 20 produce excellent results
"a believe that a law cHn be framed which
will enable the National government 90 c1rf-
else control along tho lines above indicated.
prontng b. the experience guiued throusn
the passaxe and administration % the Inter
state Commerce Act. n, however, the IudE-
ment OF the Congress - that u lacks the
constitutional power 20 pass aurh an aC;.
then constitutional amendment should sc
submitted % confer the power.
There should be created a Cabinet oftccr.
20 be known as Secretary % Commerce and
industries. ah provided M the bill introduced
"a the last session Of the Congress. 10 should
be- his province 90 deal with commerce iu its
broadcat sense including among many other
things whatever concerns labor and all MAJ
tiers affecting the great business corporations
and our merchant marine.
Restriction ON Immigration.
with the solo exception OF the farming
interest. no one matter IN OF such vital mo
ment 20 our whole people as the welfare %
as TT wei, sss farmer ab saf .1
certain that an others will be well on too.
IL is therefore a matter Tor hearty consraiu-
lntlOn that ON the whole wages are higher
to-day In the United states than ever before
in our history. and Tar higher than In any
other country. The standard Of LIVING IN also
higher than ever before. Every cnort % leg
islator and administrator should De- bent %
secure the permancncy Of this condition 81
things aud ia improvement wherever posi-.
bic. Not only mua' our labor be protected
BY tho tariff. but 10 should also be protected
90 far az IL On possible from the presence ia
this country Of amy lahorrra brought over by
contract. OF 80 those who. coming freely.
yet represent a standard 81 living 90 de-
pressed that they can undcrHsll our men in
the labor market and drng thCfn 90 a lower
a ~
end IN view. 10 re-euact Immediately the Law
excluding Chinese latorcra and Co strength
en- u wherever necessary tn order 10 make
is enforcement entirely elective.
80 Tar as practicable under The coudi lions
81 government work. provision should be
made 20 render the enforcement of the eight
hour Law easy aud certain In all indus
tries carried on directly or Indirectly for the
United states government women and chill
drcn should be protected from excessive
hours OF labor from night work. and from
work under unsantnry conditions.
The most vital problem with which this
country. and for that matter the whole civ
which has for one side the bctterment % SO
clai conditions. moral aud physical IN large
cities. and for another side the effort 10 deal
with the tauglc % far-reaching questions
which we group together when We speak ni
labor Very grcat good has been aud Will
be accomplished by associations or unions ~
wage-workers. when managed with fore
thought. and when they combine insiHtoncc
upon their own rights with iaw-shiding re-
Nifft NNt Anf NNNNNH " NNtNtaf w hAHNAaN W
those qualities in such bodies h duty TO the
Nation no less than 10 the associations them
selves. Finally. there must also la many
cases be action by the government In order
10 safeguard the rights and interests Of all.
Under our Constitution there IL much more
scope for such action by the stale and the
municipality than by the Nation. But on
points such az those touched on above the
National government can act.
"Our present immigration laws are unsa'-
lHfactory. We need every honest and en-
Gent immigrant nttcf 10 become an Ameri-
can citizen. every immigrant who comes here
10 stay. who brings here a strong body.
stout heart a good head and n rcaolute pur-
pose 10 DO bis duty well IN every way and 20
bring up his children as law-abiliug and
God fearing members % the community. Hut
there should - n comprehensive Law enact
I'd with the object II working n thrcefold im-
provemCut over our present system. First.
Ne should aim 90 exclude absolutely not only
all persons who are known 90 De believers In
nnarchistle principles or members % an
archstc societies. bet also nil persons who
are ~ low moral tendency or Of unfavory
reputation. Th.a means That We should o..
Qulro n moro thorough system ~ inspection
abroad and n more rigid system OF cEamlnu-
ton az our MANIFESTATION ports, the former be-
ing especially necessary,
THE second object % proper lmmlgra-
ton Law ought go 30 To- rrrurc by q careful
and not merely poriunCtury educational tott
some Intelligent capacity 90 appreciate Amer
lean institutions aud act gunCly a. AmCri-
can citizens This would not keep out Oh
anarchists. Tor many 81 them belong 20 the
intelligent criminal class. nut 10 would 90
Wuaf il also lu point that d.. tend de-