The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1901-12-29
NATIONS WON OYER BY AP0ET
CRUSADE FOR ARBITRATION or
JOSE SANTOS CHOCANO.
lie l. q Peruvian. and by His EloQuence
Has Converted Most OF the South
American Republics to Els Cause-Tri-
umph over Chile I'm Central America.

Has Converted Most OF tne SCUM
American Republics to His Cause
umph over Chile In Central America.
The prominence of the subject Of arbitra-
ton before the Pan-American Congress
In the City Of Mexico is perhaps due more
TO the poet of Peru, Jos6 Santos Chocano,
| than TO any other man. Chocano Is con-
| sidered by many persons to be tho greatest
living South American poet, and IL ranked
next to Gald6s in Spanish-speaking lands.
As a member of the League for the Pro-
pagation OF Justice in America and OF the
American Peace Association he has devoted
most OF his time In recent years toward
bringing about obligatory arbitration
| among the nations Of America. Even though
his plans may not DO carried ont fully at
this time, 1t is certain that he has accom-
plished much through his efforts In behalf
Of the principle OF arbitration. II Is in
consequence Of his advocacy Of arbitration
tina President Romano OF Peru has bestowed
upon Chocano many marks OF confidence.
Jose Santos Chocano has been called
the Hugo Of South America. His work
for arbitration has been based upon the
following declaration made by him:
war was the stratagcm by which Kings
beguiled their subjects: peace Is tho prin-
ciple OF life which sustains the people. In
this fashion, war was the real divine right
Of Kings and, in the same way, compulsory
arbitration is the divine right OF the people
Acting upon he principle involved in
this declaration Chocano started the agita-
ton which resulted in the adherence OF the
Government Of Peru TO the cause OF arbi-
tration. With this Government absolutely
pledged to help him, Chocano entered with
his whole soul upon the dissemination
| Of his doctrines.
He went TO Chile. which country, as the
enemy at all times of Peru, was and is OPP
posed to arbitration, and carried on his
work inside the enemy'S lines. He sue
ceeded in building up strong branches OF
tho League OF Justice and the Peace Asso-
citation in Chile.
Gong next into Argentina he was re-
ceived with great enthusiasm. The Ar
gentine Republic being very friendly to
Peru and the Argentine people being en-
thusiastic admirers of Chocano's poetry,
he found his mission one Of Uninterrupted
success. The Government of Argentina
joined that OF Peru In favor Of arbitration.
Having converted Argentina Chocano
went to Paraguay. There public opinion
was divided on the subject. The senti-
ment included at times in favor of arbitra-
ton owing to the influence of Argentina
and at other times opposed the principle
owing TO Chilean influences, Being further
more hostile TO Bolivia. the ally of Peru.
Paraguay was doubtful about receiving
the advances of a representative OF Peru.
The situation required rare tact on the
part Of Chocano, but he was prepared to
deal with il. He arrived at an opportune
time for decisive work and made no mis-
takes. In a shot time the Government
of Paraguay was convinced by him of the
desirability of arbitration. 1t took sides
with Peru and Argentina.
Bolivia being already tacitly bound to
refrain from war with Peru, 1t was hardly
necessary for Chocano to extend his labors
into that country. But he. nevertheless,
did so with splendid results,
Through the efforts Of ChoCano the ma
jority Of the South American States have
pledged themselves TO support arbitration.
These states are Venezuela, Peru, Bolivia,
Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina. In
the contest in which Peru il engaged in
against Chile To regain possession of the
provinces OF Iscna and AFRICA the conver-
sion Of the other republics TO the principle
Of arbitration was Of immense advantage
To Peru, but to the cause Of peace II was
Of far greater benefit Peru gained 80 many
allies. but peace gained so many friends.
A. showing the enduring good accom-
plished by ChoCano IL may be stated that
within three months after his tour of Ar
Reutina and Para u those countries
III INfNN NlAA' ~ A'NN inv va =
arbitration for all time. At present nego-
,istions are pending between Venezuela.
peru, Bolivia and Uruguay, in connection
with Argentina and Paraguay regarding a
treaty binding these republics TO refrain
from war.
owing to his being appointed 20 Office
las President Romano Of Peru, Chocano
did not nave time To 60 20 Ecuador, Brazil
and Colombia Hence Ecuador, Brazil.
Chile and Colombia may lie said TO be COM
Ill .ratV.f AfUavl4.la BaTI lk.lx1u
paraguay. Argentina and Uruguay In
IA. fight over arbitration.
But a greater triumph vas reserved for
Cbocano than that which he might have
souRht through the enlistment Of the three
Countries not visited in the cause. II"
office To which be- was appointed was that
III special delegate Ia Central America
Through this he achiyed the grand triumph
Of his IN"
ins fIr wears a. S.-'ilr" thc arbitration -
th. dlsput" over 1aot.a and AFRICA II
assisted thocano n carving ou' Ills
broader aims IA Order Ia -"fN" It, own
iut.rr.t- With tho adhrsluu ~ the many
GovsmmsntH 1T South America to afbl-
tra,ion q Was ln a ialr way 10 rurv'sd
Mil he approach - tLr Psu-Amsuoan
nugp5ss. ths Peruvian Government IA
CREASED ~ "npus u Proposed io va"
the cungf-~- az a mrGI.s O. d"muusifai'
the ught 81 Peru Go 40" province 90 di--
plt. Nih tlllr
Ia order to du tHlr ~ VA found Er,ss-au
~ r.uurr m.r .upIuf' ~ ah iial ph7lg'i
4, tls uat.uur alu adv W faRuf - aTiltff
lion Mullp prIu Lad ths ua.ufIy - rlIIh
American uaiiuuH NIh iUr 81 vac found
dat thilH. ~ ulmhlllfs viii fn' uaIufhf
~ tlr tsutfal American ululu N"AIh
raumard sula'tluf rif"hFll h NJ" iNft'r7
NsAlas upa ALREADY uh Goo rNb 90 'huU.
and 'lr tIlf.i hfaftr % 800 lsllF. 81.
vuuId i- nrYtial 90 600 ihal lrIu
ulr suluuf hHf ~ iuH F"iH Goo irFHt