The Hawaiian gazette., 1901-09-13
A PEST MORE
DANGEROUS
Lantana Blight is
Worse than
Plant.
(Concluded.)
tConcluded.)
PLANTS LIKELY TO BE ATTACKED
BY THE INSECT.

BY THE INSECT.
As Mr Green informs us, these are OF
the order of AcanthaCeae, Rubiaceae and
Verbenaceae. From India we learn that
Ternstrocmiaceae is included, to which
belong the Camellia, the common tea
plant, and also the Solanaceae.
Amongst the Rubiaceae the Hawaiian
fora is very rich, chiefly In shrubs and
trees, some of these important forest
plants. Hiliebrand records sixteen spe-
ciss of Kadua, shrubs of various sizes in
our forests. Five species of Gouldia
shrubs and small trees. Two species Of
Gardenia, several of these are in cult
vation Bohea, FIVE species OF forest
trees Plectronia, a shrub. Coffee, both
the Arabian and Liberian coffee trees.
Morinda, two Species a third recently
introduced from Fiji. Straussia, five spe-
cies of important forest trees. Psyche
tria. two trees. Paederia Foetida, this Is
the TAN woody climber overrunning trees
and shrubs In the mountains near Homo
lulu Nertera, one species. Coprosma
nine species of shrubs and small trees.
In cultivation we have many ornamen-
tai plants Of this order, as those hand
some shrubs, the Ixora, Pavetta, Bou-
wardia, Musaenda, Pendas Carnea, Ser
issa Foetida. and others.
cder the Verbenaceae come a large
number OF troublesome weeds. such as
verbena Bonar!ensis v. Omcinalis
Priva Aspera; Stachytarpheta Dich-
otoma; Lantana Camara; ViteX Tri-
toia (growing so abundantly on
the sand hills in Maui, belongs here. As
yet the blight could not be found upon
the same) and the various species of
Clerodendron. of these c. Fragrans has
spread up in all the valleys near Homo
lulu.
To the order OF Ternstroemaceae be-
longs the Tea-plant, Camellia. and a
small treo spread. over all the Islands;
this liz Eurya Sandwicensis
The Tomato, Lycapersicum Esculen-
tum, and the Red Pepper. various spe-
cies of Capsicum are mentioned as food
plants OF the Lantana blight. These are
included in the large order of Solanaceae
to which belongs the Potato and Egg
plant in several varieties OF Solanum
We have some ten species of shrubs and
trees growing on the Islands. Notho-
cestrum is represented in four species OF
forest trees. Lycium Sandwicense fur
nishes us with a fruit. Rhysalis Peru
viana is the common Cape Gooseberry.
Nicandra Physaloides. Datura Stramo-
mum. very common weed. The Flori-
poncio. The Nicotiana Glauca and N.
Tabacum are all liable to be attacked.
Beside these, quite lot of ornamental
garden plants belong to this order.
OTHER SPECIES OF ORTHEZIA
KNOWN TO ME AND ENEMIES
FOUND UPON THE SAME.
So far, sixteen species of Orthezia are
recorded, and some of these will prove
Synonymous. In my travels and study
of the Coccidae and their enemies, l
have had no occasion to search for en-
AL
ent upon our Island previous to the APP
Uparance of O. Insignis.
During 1891 several specimens of these
scales were found on Solidago, in Ore
SOn. No enemies observed This is like
!y .. Americana of Canada and the
United States. A very large and hand
some form was FOUND on roots of Yucca,
at Taluca Mexico, Aug. H. 1897 and
later on roots of various other shrubs
ana plants. No enemies observed. About
the same time, at the foot of Popocate-
petl, Mexico, a small Orthezia was found
TO infest a species of Baccharis, the In
seCts being very abundant, especially In
its early stage. AS far as l can remem-
Der, this is not unlike our species. i
found no parasites in box on mounting
them November, 1887. At Oaxaca, Mex
leo. Aug. 20, 1897, upon garden plants I'M
known to me, an Orthezia was found
numerous. Specimens saved in pill
boxes had produced no parasites on Nov.
%. 1897. but four Tupac of Scymnid
Hyperaspis) were found present and
dead.
During the latter part of June, 1895
at Nikko, Japan, upon species of Arte-
misia, an Orthezia was found, which was
somewhat larger than our species. A
few specimens were saved in pil-boxes
From these scales species Of Hyperas-
pis was bred and according to Mr.
Schwartz II proved to be new to Japan
where but one species had been recorded
viz: II. Japonica." The beetles had de
veloped within the egg sacks of the scale
1t is closely related. If not the same, to
the European III. Reppensis.
ENEMIES OF THE INSECT.
Aside from the small Ladybirds Oily,
perasp!s) above mentioned, no parasites
are known to me as preying upon this
peculiar scale-insect. While In Cey.or
during the beginning of 1895, / expressed
myself as to the possibility of Cryrtolae
mus Montrouzieri feeding upon this
blight, and Mr.. Green has made an at
. tempt of introducing the same. The in
sect has now been observed amongst, ano
close to, the Orthezia upon Lantana, ye'
to all appearances II is seen to be feed
ing upon mealy-bugs Dacylopius). 1t Is
still likely that In time this voraciou'
friend Of ours may acquire taste for thu
same. At the present we only know o.
the Hyperaspis. the habits OF quite q
number have been studied, and most o.
them were sent here; unfortunately We
have never met with any on these Isl
ands.
will herewith give few short note:
on these interesting beetles. Ont of tn,
one hundred and seventy-five known spe
cies. the greatest number are known t.
occur in South America
Some six species were sent here from
California and as far as could be seer
these all feed, more or less, upon Dactyl
opius.
Hyperaspis Japonicus. Crotch. II. Ash
atlca. Lewis. Cryptogonus Testaceicor
mis-, Weise, the only Japanese species re
corded. Always found upon orange. Tt
all appearances II Is feeding upon Dac
tylopius. Its larvae were also found yer,
numerous upon eggs of various Pulvi
maria and repeatedly has been bred from
.gg-masses of various Daetylopius. Sen
here in large quantities.