davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1901-11-14

Professor Hacker of the Minnesota
experiment station has for nine years
been settling this question by actual
demonstration and recently gave a
summary of his work. In brief it is:
1.-THE first year 100 pounds of milk cost
60 cents, while the price of feedstuffs
was about the same as now, and the
yield of the herd averaged very fair
namely, 5000 pounds of milk, or $50
pounds of butter fat. The second year
the cost was about the same, 81 cents
per 100 pounds of milk, but in the third
year it was reduced SO cents per 100
pounds, with the same cows and prices
and feedstuffs the same. The only diff
ference was that they had calculated
the percentage of protein and selected
the foodstuffs where this was sold the
cheapest. He said he did not care for
carbohydrates, fats, etc, as protein is
the only essential part to look after.
The cows require on an average two
pounds of protein per day."
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1901-11-14
THE BROlLER.
A Branch of the Poultry Busines

A Branch of the Poultry business
That Can BE Made to Pay.
In entering the broiler business the
most important requirement is good
incubators. as without them failure is
sure. To accompany the incubator one
should have first class breeders, and
of these the indoor is best, because you
can easily attach a regulator, thereby
guarding against smothering your
chicks. If you are good judge Of the
amount of heat a lamp will throw out
| when lit at night and left till morning,
| you can with safety use outdoor brood
ers. Where many chicks are Matched
J 1t is best to adopt the compartment
brooder, heated by steam.
\ In raising broilers they must have
warm, dry quarters. They must be
\ fed little and often q variety of food
and with lots Of fresh, clean water.
Their food should contain lots of oil.
4 Skimmilk is splendid. My broilers
4 cost from 20 to 40 cents a pair to raise,
and when selling for so cents to $120
| a pair think it is a paying business.
4 | give my chickens six square inches
each in the breeders and IS square
inches each in the yards. The brooder
is raked out every morning while the
4 chicks are eating, and the yards are
swept with a wire broom every night
after they go to bed. In this manner
they are not frightened while the work
Is going on.
When / first began to raise broilers,
almost gave it up in disgust. 1t
seemed could not raise them success
fully. When l looked into the matter,
found they were crowded and that the
pens were not cleaned as they should
be. Matters were changed, and to my
establishment my broilers then paid me
better than my layers. Constant at
tention brings success. l would rather
go without one of my meals every day
than see my broilers go hungry, while
/ take pleasure in seeing my layers on
the hungry side at all times.
AS for sickness, it comes only few
| times a year. The most common all
ment is leg weakness. The moment
this Is noticed the weak chick is taken
off by itself and fed about half as
much as it was getting. In nearly all
| cases this chicken can be taken back
the second day. By this method no
weight is lost. Remember weight lost
one day cannot be regained in three
Cor. Reliable Poultry Journal.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1901-11-14
HOW to Keen Healthy.

If you do not accustom yourself to
drink water regularly, you are liable
to have the waste products of the It's
sues of the body form faster than they
are removed. Great weakness and Ian
gour on rising in the morning are gener-
ally due to large secretion of these
waste products, and the remedy is to
drink tumblerful of water, either
hot or cold, just before retiring. This
materially assists in the process during
the night, and leaves the tissues fresh
and strong, ready for the active work
of the next day.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1901-11-14
EnII Pruning.

AS to whether fall or spring is the
best time for pruning there is a disa
greement among fruit growers. One
thing we have found out, however
when it is necessary to remove limb
of considerable size, an inch or over il
diameter, the best time is September
and October Wounds made at that
season, though they may not heal ovel
as quickly as at some other times, will
never decay. Owing no doubt to thu
ripe condition of the wood, the cut sur
face dries and becomes as hard al
bone. We have tested this for many
years and know it to be SO.
In all pruning particular care should
be used to make smooth cuts. No stubs
should be left sticking out. 1t is sur
prising to observe in passing along the
road how frequently this importani
rule is disregarded and that, too, by
persons who profess to understand the
business. Another important point is
the removal of all dead and decayine
limbs Another is to cut off one-the
least desirable one, of course-of the
branches of every fork in order to pre-
vent the tree from splitting when load
ed with fruit National Stockman.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1901-11-14
IN The WINTER.
lHanson's Plaster Is Pains Mastar.l

For coughs and colds Benson's Porous
Plasters are IN incomparably better rem
edy than any other external or internal.
Their medicinal properties enter the skin
and 90 straight to the seat Of the disease.
They relieve and cure "seated" cold
without disturbing the system or upsetting
the stomach. Cough mixtures often nau-
seate. Benson's Piasters are medicinal in
the highest degree, and quickest to act.
Placed on the chest or back or on both
at once in serious cases, the good effect is
felt The congestion yields, the
cough abates and the breathing improves.
Lung or bronchitl affections or kidney
disease, are cured with the least possible
suffering and loss of time.
Benson's Plastess are UNNECESSARILY su-
perior to Bellalonla, Strengthening, Cap
sicum or any other combination in plaster
form. They are also preferable to oint-
ments, liniinents and salves.
Benson's Plasters have received fIfty.Ji0e
highest 0,oa1'ds over all competitors; and
more than 5000 physicians AMI druggists
have declared them to be one of the few
trustworthy household remedies. For s lie
by all druggists, or we will prepay postage
on any number ordered IN the United
States on receipt of 25c. each.
Be sure you get tho genuine. Accept no
imitation or substii ute.
Seabury & Johnson, Mfg. Chemists, NY.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1901-11-14

er part of it's injury. On peach the
first indication of infection is small
more or less circular brown spot. This
rapidly enlarges. In a short while after
infection peach may become quite
rotten, brownish and more or less
shrunken, either falling to the ground
or eventually shriveling up on the tree.
In plums the indications of infection
may not be so evident, and the fruit
may be infested with the mycelium
and show but slight, if any, appearance
that such is the case
This difficulty Of distinguishing in
fected from sound fruit has frequently
caused serious loss to the shipper. Fruit
gathered in the evening for morning
shipment may prove to be so generally
infected as to render it valueless ex-
cept for immediate use.
The rotting of peaches en- route to
market may be attributed largely to
brown rot fungus. The peaches leave
the orchards more or less infected with
spores, which develop the disease dur
ing transit.
AS preventive of this disease A. L..
Quintance of Georgia says nothing has
been found of more value than spray
ing the trees and fruit with bordeaux
mixture. Other authorities incline to
the amIhoniacal copper carbonate.
But spraying should not be depend
ed on entirely. When there is much
rot, large number of shriveled, dried
up peaches are left on the trees, and in
these the spores Of rot pass the winter.
All "mummies'' on the trees and the
ground should be gathered and de-
stroyed.
Pruning out the blighted fruit 80
and twigs would render the wor,
complete, as the fungus is capabks
developing the spore tufts from these,
parts. Proper thinning of the fruit Isl
another important point. Where the
fruit hangs in more or less of COM
tact the rotting is likely to be worse.
Orchards should be as free as possi1
BILE from moIdy fruit before picking bel
gins. Some large orchardists make IL
a practice to regularly collect and del
stroy the rotten fruit.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1901-11-14
SPARE THESE THINGS.

1t is a patriotic duty to preserve the
last fragments of wild life left in the
settled portions of the country-the
flock of quail chirruping under the
sumach bushes by the roadside, the
fox squirrel barking in the top of the
big maple in the timber lot, the rem
nant of prairie hens which boom away
in the spring on their hill trysting
ground, the black bass swirling the sur
face of the eddying pool as he chases a
lainnow. 1t is in no sense sport to
wipe out the last yestige of this charm
ing wild life, and still there are to be
found men In every community who
will murder the pet red squirrels in
your dooryard If they have any sort
Of chance. This sort are poachers
and economic pests.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1901-11-14
Sa4g q ~ .ssec
~ g
IF RylfSSsSS II TERS'
HARDY SHRUBS.
Some Valuable Ones, Including Vel

Some Valuable Ones, Including Very
Late Boomers.
In regard to the common American
holly the demand is increasing and
prices have advanced. 1t will succeed
almost anywhere. 1t does well on soil
not particularly rich and, If neglected,
will still thrive. I think it would be
well if some of our farmers could de-
vote from a quarter of an acre to ten
acres to this plant. 1t would prove
profitable. The market will take all
you can raise of it.
Ligustrum japonicum has large,
rather more evergreen than the Cali
fornia privet. 1t is claimed to be
hardy in Philadelphia.
Ligustrum legelianum is type
which is perfectly hardy even in the
west and northwest. The winter two
years ago killed out the California
privet through that section, both root
and branch. In habit of growth it is
spreading and semiweeping. 1t will
make a valuable plant as a single
specimen, and 1 think it desirable as
a hedge plant.
A French friend called my attention
on the other side to Lgustrum coria-
ciem, plant very little known In this
country. l have carried it through the
winter for four consecutive seasons.
The plant is evergreen, of slow growth,
but of especial beauty and resembles
in growth anonymous japonica.
A plant not seen very frequently on
our grounds, but one of great merit, is
the Daphne cneorum. The season of
bloom is from midsummer to October.
1t is very fragrant and is a charming
little plant, not snowy, but one that
should be in every collection.
Among spireas there is one va
riety which has been overlooked-the
Spirea callosa froebeli, which was in
troduced about the same time as the
Anthony Waterer and but for this CO.
incidence would have had as great
a run. 1t has a better color than
the old Spirea burmalda, but not quite
so deep as the Anthony Waterer. 1t is
in constant bloom from early spring
until fall; foliage is of especial beauty.
The Caryopteris mastacantha, or
blue spirea. is not perfectly hardy.
The tops kill back every winter; the
root is hardy with me, and the effect
of the winter freezing is only that of
necessary pruning. Its season of
bloom is from Sept. Is until Oct. Is,
color blue, and know of nothing more
snowy in it's season.
1 planted last spring for the first
time a Tamarix odessana, which is
not entirely new to the horticultural
world. The season of bloom is from
July to October; foliage of blush
green. It's great value is the long term
of blooming late in the season. Its
species is hardy as far north as Mil
waukee.-H. F. Jones. New Jersey.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1901-11-14
TO AVOID CONSUMPTION.
How the Spread of This Disease May
BE Retarded.

Be Retarded.
While consumption cannot be abso-
lutely prevented it's progress and prev
alence can certainly be arrested by the
observance of a few simple rules. Some
of these are so obvious as to present no
difficulty, while others are matters of
education. OF the most obvious are the
following: The avoidance of the spit
ting habit, whether on the street, in
the cars, on board ferryboats or excur-
sion steamers or in any public place.
unsupported germs of tuberculosis Of
ten lie hidden in the matter eXpectorat-
cd, which, when dry, enter the lungs by
means of the nostrils or the mouth. II,
therefore, any one is obliged to spit, let
him do so into his handkerchief. When
spittoons are provided in saloons, of
fees and elsewhere. let them be well
cleansed and disinfected at least once
day.
Let care be taken to have all work
shops, stores and all establishments
where work of any sort is done by day
or by night ventilated thoroughly and
swept daily and the WuSt frequently
laid during the day by sprinkling with
clean water into which some disin-
fectant should be poured. Let the cell
ings, walls and all the woodwork be
kept well busted and the floors, sur
bases, ETC., scrubbed and disinfected at
least once a week. Disinfectants are
cheap, and for the above purposes one
of the most effective and most easily
procurable is a solution of chloride OF
lime.
In private houses the same process
should be gone through at frequent in
tervals; all the bedding, pillows, etc.,
should get as much airing and sunlight
as possible, the rugs and carpets should
be swept every day and the mats well
shaken or beaten every morning, but
not in such way as to scatter the dust
round the neighborhood. The carpets
should be taken up and beaten at least
twice a year, and all should be subject
ed to constant light sprinkling with
some disinfectant that will not take
out the color nor stain the material
| Such a disinfection is zinc chloride so
| luton.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1901-11-14
DESTRUCTIVE FRUIT ROT.
brown Rot of PIums and Peache
and How to Combat 1t.

brown Rot of PIums and Peaches
and How to Combat 1t.
Brown rot (Monilia fructigena), 9TH
erwise variously known as peach rot,
plum fruit rot, ripe rot Of plums, blight
and other terms, every year does more
or less damage. Last season it was par
ticularly destructive in the great peach
orchards of Georgia. At times it has
played havoc with the Delaware and
Chesapeake peninsula crops. This year,
where the fruit crop was comparative
ly short, it's inroad was all the more
severely felt, and it has helped to re-
duce the peach and plum crop in New
York and New Jersey as well as in 9th.
er sections. Generally speaking, there
is probably no more serious fungous en-
envy to stone fruits, and the loss occa-
stoned annually throughout the country
at large must be very great.
To fruit growers this disease is best
known in connection with rotting of
the fruit, and the loss inflicted in this
way undoubtedly constitutes the great
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1901-11-14

twenty-four feet high, and the capacity
is about 125 tons of ensilage, and the
cost, as it was built of the best lumber,
was $215.
The frame is made of girts, as shown
in the illustration. 1t is boarded up
and down inside of the girts with
matched pine, then it is sheeted on the
outside, on which is layer of building
paper, then boarded on the outside over
the paper with matched pine. This
makes the silo about frostproof, be-
cause of the dead air space, and is SO
tight the ensilage keeps almost perfect
This silo has given it's owner the very
best satisfaction, and one can hardly
make a mistake in building one after
this plan.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1901-11-14
BLACK TURKEYS.
Their Present Standing With Ref
erence to Size and Color

Could the writer impress upon the
minds of farmers in general the i'm
portance of this branch of farm life
there would be more homes made
beautiful and tasty where now the
means to dc this are lacking. There
is no branch Of poultry raising in
which one can realize more from the
capital invested.
To raise turkeys successfully and for
profit they must be Matched early. 1t
Is best to use turkey hens, as they in
variably make better mothers, caring
for the young poults much more care
fully than domestic hens.
One Of the most promising varieties.
the blacks, are being bred in large
numbers in some sections at the pres
ent time. The modern black turkey
is nearly equal to the bronze in size.
The old style blacks were not only inI
ferior in size, but poor in quality. How
ever, by careful breeding and handling
and with an infusion of new blood
they have been greatly improved in
size and general makeup. To attain
their present weights and general char
acteristics there is no question what
ever, but more or less bronze blood has
been judiciously used.
From a market standpoint there is nc
question but the blacks will dress vel
lower and even plumper than any othai
standard variety. The standard weights
of black turkeys are: Cocks, 81 pounds
hens, Is pounds; cockerels, Is pounds
and pullets, II pounds. At the present
time these weights are entirely too low
except on hens. We have no trouble al
Christmas time in having pullets fro11
IA to Is pounds, cockerels 20 to n
pounds and cock birds 30 or over. Thf
standard requires males and females tf
be lustrous black throughout, but it Is
a difficult matter to secure young birds
with solid colored plumage, as more cl
less feathers in wings will invariably
be tipped with white. This will usually
disappear at maturity. Good strains ol
blacks are strictly hardy, their eggs
hatch well, and they are fully as good
layers as the bronze or white. They are
very doclie IN their habits and are no.
inclined to ramble as much as other vi
rieties. The young grow rapidly froIn
the start, and at selling time always
command the top of the market.
The head and beak should be long
and broad and Of good shape; eyes
bright and hazel; neck of mediurn
length and well curved; back broad, Of
good length and highest in the center
and curved the shape of an egg. THE
breast should be broad, deep and full
body of good length and round in out
line; wings of good length and snugly
folded against the sides; tail of medium
length and when folded comparatively
small. Thighs, shanks and toes should
be of good length, with strong bone a1o
perfectly straight.-Charles McClave p
Reliable Poultry Journal.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1901-11-14
THE TULIP.
when and How to Plant It-P1easinr
Bedding Schemes.

Bedding Schemes.
When bed of tulips is being plant
ed, the work should be done early in
the autumn if the best results are do
sired. Although they may be planted
On into November if the ground is net
frozen and still produce flowers, the
results will not be satisfactory. Tile
bulb has to make the most of it's roots
in the autumn before the earth freezes.
for nearly as soon as the frost is gone
in the spring the bloom is beginning II
appear. Then there is no time for the
bulb to make roots, but instead of that
the roots must be making or feeding
flowers and also producing a new bulb.
The sooner they are planted in the ali
tumn the better, as more time is given
for root formation, and the stronger
the roots the larger and finer the flower
the coming spring.
Although tulips are perfectly hardy
they do much better if they are given
some protection during the cold winter
months. Put a covering of stable ma.
nure over the bed after it is planted il
the autumn to the depth of from fol1
to six inches. This will keep the bulls
from being repeatedly thawed out ard
frozen up should the winter be an open
one. Besides this, the strength is wash
ed out Of the manure down into the sol
by the autumn rains, and thus the sci
is enriched By this annual covering
the flowers are made much larger ard
of more brilliant color. OF course ii
must be removed as soon as the frost lis
out of the ground in the spring.
Most pleasing effects can be made by
filling whole bed either with one va
riety or with two or more varieties
coming into bloom at the same time
and having flower stems Of an average
length.-Gardening.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1901-11-14
THE FAMILY PIG.

If one wants some choice pork for
the family to eat, the pig should not
know very much about corn at any pc
riod of his career and most certainly
should not be allowed to follow bunch
Of fatting steers. The family pig. while
scavenger by nature, still responds
to decent rations of food and should
be the product of skimmilk, barley
meal and roots, with a chance to run
in a wood lot and pick up some acorns
and nuts, to be finished off with little
corn at the last end. Such pork will
be the typical streak of fat and streak
of lean, tender, firm in texture and of
the finest flavor
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1901-11-14
How to Cook veal CutIets.

Pound and season, cut the outer
sdges and beat into good shape; take
one egg, beat it little. Yoll the outlet
in it, then cover thore y with rolled
crackers. Have lump of butter and
lard mixed hot in your skillet; put in
the meat and cook slowly. When
nicely Drowned on both sides, stir in
one spoonful of -four for the gravy;
add half pint of sweet milk and let
1t come to a boil; salt and pepper.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1901-11-14
How to Fricassee venI.

Cut two ounces of fat salt pork in
thin slices and fry brown. Cut one
pound of veal in thin pieces. Season it
with salt and pepper and roll it in
flour. Take the pork from the pan and
lay the pieces of veal in the hot fat.
Let them fry until good brown on
both sides. Take up the veal and stir
In the remainder of the flour. using two
tablespoonfuls in all. When the flour
is brown, add one and one-half cups of
water, stirring until boiling and thick
ened. When this gravy boils up, put
the Drowned veal into it and simmer
half an hour. Add one-half cup of
strained tomato and boil up once.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1901-11-14
How to Care For Food.

Never put any warm food away in a
covered dish. If warm bread or warm
cake is shut up in box, the steam will
make molding swift and sure re-
suit. If warm potatoes are left stand
ing in covered dish, they will quickly
become so heavy and soggy as to be
unfit for use. AS general rule the
more quickly food of any kind, but
particularly soup, cools, the longer it
will keep. The best way to care for
cheese is to wrap it in a piece of linen
and shut it up in box.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1901-11-14
Fall Care of the Lawn.

Chickweed and veronica, two pests
which in many cases will at the pres
ent season almost cover the whole lawn,
will in the course of two or three years
be entirely removed if the moving be
stopped earlier in the fall than is gener-
ally the case. 1t is the writer's opinion,
says a Gardening correspondent, that
in nine cases out of ten where poor
lawn is to be seen the cause is that the
grass has been moved too short in the
fall. Almost all weeds are harder than
grasses and will grow more or less dur
ing the mild spells of the winter
months. These are the means of root
ing out and destroying the grass roots;
hence l say again quit moving in time
to allow the grass to protect itself. A
good coating of wood ashes may now
be given with advantage.