davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31
HEAT FROM rHE STARS.

From experiments made at the Yer.
kes observatory with an extremely
delicate radiometer. Prof. e. F. NIch-
OILS has determined the relative inten-
sity of the heat radiated to the earth
from the stars Vega and Acturus and
the planets Jupiter and Saturn Ac-
turus gives little more than one ten
millioneth of the heat Of a candle
placed at a distance of one meter.
Jupiter gives more than twice as much
heat as Acturus does Although Vega
and Acturus are equal in the brilliance
of their light. the latter gives twice as
much heat as the former Vega is
blue-white and Acturus yelowish, or
reddish, in color. The heat radi-tlon
of Saturn is less than one-sixth as
great as that of Jupiter.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31
oUR1os1rIEs OF THE COCO TREE.

The cultivation of coco. says writer
in the Scientific American. is at pres
ent an inviting agricultural pursuit in
Trinidad and parts of Venezuela. The
coco tree cannot withstand strong sun
shine and the young plants have to be
shaded by banana or plaintain trees
and later, when they attain their
growth, by tall trees known as i'm
mortels," or the mother Of the coco. .
These make kind of canopy over the
entire plantation. The fruit of the coco
tree is a pod. resembling a cucumber.
and growing on the trunk or large
branches. where it '1ooks as though
it were artificially attached" The seeds
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31
NOTES ON SCIENCE
CURRENT NOTES OF DISCOVERY
AND INVENTION.
The Prevention of Skin Diseases-A Fish
Scaling Instrument-Heat from the
stars-Hand Band Dating stamp
Hydrogen as an IIIuminant.
THE PREVENTION OF SKIN DISEASES.

THE PREVENTION OF SKIN DISEASES.
Diseases of the skin result from a
great variety Of causes, but as the
study of them progresses, more and
more are found to be due to the ac-
ton of some parasitic microbe. Ring
worm, acne, boils, carbuncles, certain
folms of eczema, BARRIERS itch, and
many other affections are undoubtedly
caused by the presence and growth in
the skin of certain microbes. These
differ in the different affections. but all
Of them must be brought from with
out in the first instance. and be de-
posted in the skin. before the par
ticular disease can be produced
1t is not always possible to deter
mine how the germ of the disease is
carried to the skin, but very often.
probably in the great majority OF
cases, the infection occurs in the toilet
1t is a curious fact that we are never
SO careless regarding the transmission
OF dirt from one person to another
for that is really what infection is-as
we are in the process by which we try
to make ourselves clean.
The common use by a number of
persons of the same piece of soap, rest
ing often in a dirty dish, Of towels,
and Of hair brushes and combs, is one
of the best possible methods of trans
hitting skin diseases. Children are
doubtless more careless in this respect
than their elders-the school wash
room is capital clearing house for
microbes, and loathsome animal para
sites as well-but one need only look
into the wash-room of any hotel, even
the most pretentious, to be convinced
that the grown man has but little more
hygienic sense than his son.
Another place where diseases of the
skin and scalp are freely dispensed is
the average barber shop. Hair brush
| es. combs, scissors-more than all, the
patent hair clipper-shaving brushes,
razors, cups and soap, toweIs-often
only mangled, and not boiled or even
washed-sponges. powderpuffs, stick
pomade, and last. but not least in their
offending, the hands of the barber,
may all become vehicles to distribute
disease.
But there is perhaps as great need of
reform in the home as in public places.
Each member of the family should
have soap. towel, hair brush. and every
article of the toilet for his exclusive
use as absolutely as he has his tooth
brush; and his toothbrush should rest
upon its own dish, or, better still
hang by itself. and not share a dish
with one or half a dozen others.
This necessity Of individuality in the
toilet should be impressed by precept
and by example upon every child from
the very beginning, for the practice OF
perfect cleanliness may not only pre-
vent some disagreeable skin eruption
but also more serious disease.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31

raise the scales up directly behind the
bar so that the blade may engage be-
meath the elevated free edge and re-
move them without tearing the flesh.
the scales being deposited on the blade
as the cleaner is pushed along with
the hand. Set screws are provided for
adjusting the angle of the blade in re-
lation to the frame. and the blade may
be slipped out for cleaning purposes.
In use the fish is grasped in one hand
and the scaler plowed across it with
the other. or the fish may be laid on a
fiat surface if more convenient.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31
HYDRoeEN AS AN 1LLuMINANr.

The production Of oxygen and hydro
gen on an industrial scale by the de-
composition of water with electrolytic
apparatus in Germany has led to the
suggestion that hydrogen thus pro-
duced may find a wide field of employ
ment as lighting agent. 1t is now used
for initiating military balloons. For
lighting purposes it is compressed in
steel cylinders. With a proper burner
it is said to be cheaper illuminant
than acetylehe, the relative cost for
equal Illuminating power being as rs
for hydrogen to 80 for acetylene.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31
LIou1p oxYeEN ZOE nALLooNrsrs.

The balloonist has long used hydro
gen to enable him to ascend into the
upper regions Of air, and now efforts
are being made to furnish him with
oxygen. to prevent asphyxiation when
he has risen too high to breathe with
ease The use of oxygen carried in
rubber bags for this purpose has not
proved satisfactory. and the French
savant, L. Cailletet, proposes to substi-
tute liquid oxygen, contained in
small bottle and allowed to vaporize as
needed. The oxygen is breathed by
means of mask fitting over the nose
and mouth, and the apparatus is so
arranged that air, in any desired pro-
portion, can be admitted at the same
time.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31
A sight in Cool weather.

On one of the coolest of the damp,
raw days of last week a daring lady,
who had not the fear of pneumonia
within her, apparently, appeared in the
business section wearing a lawn frock
with yoke of lace so thin that at a
little distance she had the startling eff
feet Of appearing decollete at high
noon. Those wearing topcoats looked
at her in surprise, and woman, snug
gled in a fur boa, regarded her re-
proachfully. But the cause of these
glances felt no perturbation, for she
was secure in the fact that the calen-
dar was with her, even if the thermom-
eter wasn't.
Almost every Rainy Daisy one sees
nowadays wears irreproachable foot
wear more fitted for dancing than for
wading over Baltimore's sometimes
submerged crossings. Patent-leather
thin-soles shoes and the filmiest OF
openwork stockings form the footwear
that mademoiselle elects to walk
abroad in when j. Pluvius is making
himself felt.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31
her ladyship didn't seem worried, and

her ladyship didn't seem worried. and
so we toddled OF together-she IN her
golf rig and / looking as If were go
ing to a dance. Now. mustn't we have
presented a lovely spectacle?
"She said she was too tired to dress
that evening; but. inasmuch as had
been down town from in the morning
until at night hustling, and still had
strength to get into my buds, ! thought
this was a poor excuse-but | have
been afraid to say so until now. BAL
timore News
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31

Out upon the four winds blow,
Tell the world your story;
Thrice in hearts blood dipped before
They called your name Old Glory!
Stream, Old Glory, bear your stars
High among the seven;
Stream watchfire on the dark,
And make a sign in heaven.
Mighty harvests gid your plains,
Mighty rivers bear them,
Everywhere you fly you bid
All the hungry share them;
Blooms the wilderness for you,
Plenty follows after
Underneath your shadows go
Peace and love and laughter.
When from sky to sky you float,
Far in wide savannas,
Vast horizons lost in light
Answer your hosannas.
Symbol of unmeasured power,
Blessed promise sealing,
All your hills are hills of God,
And all your founts are healingl
Still to those the wronged of earth
Sanctuary render;
For hope and home and heaven they
see
Within your sacred splendorl
Stream, Old Glory, bear your stars
High among the seven;
Stream a watchfire in the dark,
And make q sign in heaven
Harriet Prescott Spofford
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31
A Man Expresses Himself.

Another mere man expressed him
self on the subject of feminine incon-
sistencies in dress to the writer the
other evening thus: Il was invited to
take a young woman to a concert the
other evening"" he said. 1T was rather
a smart affair, and l wore evening
dress, of course. Now, the young wo-
man whom I was to escort is usually
beautifully clothed. but upon this even
ing she appeared in a cotton shirt
waist and rainy-day skirt. l tried to
hide my opera hat and appear uncon-
scious of my expanse of shirt front But
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31
FIsH-sCALING IIPIF,IFNT.

To scale a fish rapidly and effective
ly without tearing or otherwise dam
aging the flesh is the object of the in
vention of Elias S. Harrington of
Idaho. 1t consists of a metal scaling
blade, which is slightly curved and
provided with teeth on its front edge,
together with a wooden frame in
which the blade is mounted for use.
Directly in front of the toothed edge
of the blade, when adjusted for use, is
a curved wooden bar, which serves to
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31
Mysterious Asphalt.

Asphaltum is the puzzle Of scientists
and the joy and pride of roadmak-
ers. Biologists and chemists have
placed the mysterious material in the
coal and petroleum family, yet they do
not agree on its origin. Some of them
claim volcanic parentage for the curl
Gus stuff; others trace its family back
to the vegetable tribe. But all are Of
one mind in that it is one of the most
useful and disable products of the
earth's crust.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31

This recipe answers equanv well for
eurrants or any kind of berries, and
is particularly fine for grapes. Rinse
thoroughly and crush the fruit. strain
and mix with half of the fruits bulk
of crushed ice Put two tablespoon
fuls of crushed ice in each glass, add
two cubes of sugar. and a crushed mint
leaf Fill the glasses to within an
inch of the top with the juice, add a
trifie of lemon juice to aecentuate the
flavor, and crown the ton with seven
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31
rHosrHoREsoENcE on pIAMoNps.

Gustave lie Bon finds striking dit
ference in the phosphoreseence of Bra
lillian diamonds and those from the
Cape. The former, which are noted for
the liveliness Of their light, and which
have become quite rare of late, exhibit
a brilliant phosphorescence after being
exposed to the radiation of magne-
stun ribbon, while Cape diamonds, in
similar circumstances, show very little
or no phosphoreseence. This is thought
to be a means of detecting diamonds
falsely offered as Brazilian gems.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31

or eight whole berries or peeled grapes.
When desiring to serve the julip at a
company luncheon, line tall. delicately
thin glasses with mint stalks, having
the leaves come well above the tops OF
the glasses. The effect is very dainty.
Straws must then. of course, accom-
pany the beverage, each tied with the
luneheon's color in ribbon.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31

ana are consequently elastic enough
to give a clear print under heavy
pressure without a blur 1t is difficult
to fit a common band dater so that it
will produce the most perfect results
with cushion die. This dater over
comes that difficulty and works to per-
lection. Notice the advertisement on
the last page of the cover.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31

bands are the same
as solid rubber
type. vulcanizsd
together at the
base, and so con-
structed that they
permit the use Of a
cushion base for the
accompanying rub
Der die. The date
bands are made of
finest rubber that
can be procured
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31
AFTERNOON BLOUSE.

Blouse of white
embroidered linen,
made up over rose
taffeta. The fronts
are cut with straps
which confne the
ends of the black
velvet cravat. The
odd collar is of the
embroidery, bor-
dered with a ruff
fie of the plain ma
terial. The sleeves
have a plating let
in on the outside
at the bottom, to
give the proper
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31
CAMPFIRE SKETCHES.
GOOD SHORT STORIES FOR THE
VETERANS.

Interesting Information Concerning West
Point Military Academy - Under the
Last ApportIonment the Maximum
Nnn,her Of school Cadets is Oil.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31
HAND BAND DATING srA,rp.

The Commercial Stamp Trade Jour
nal tells Of new invention called a
hand band dating stamp. an illustration
Of which appea herewith. The pecuIi-
arity Of this band dater is that the
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31
THE ELEorRIc ARC UNDER WATER

Experiment has shown that an cleo
trio arc can be employed under water
for fusing metal. The intense heat
turns the water surrounding the are
into steam, thus forming an insulating
cushion of vapor. 1t has been sug-
gested that with proper apparatus the
electric arc could be employed by div
ers for quickly cutting through large
chain cables or iron plates under water.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31

ara like large, thick Lima beans em~
bsdded in pulp. These form the coco
beans of commerce. The processes of
curing and drying require much at
tention.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31

fitness, and then are gathered into an
odd, f1aring cuff, fastened on the out
side with a little strap. The wide
girdle is of black velvet.-Wiener Chic
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31

When a girls beau is "big bug
she doesn't care if he is a kissing bug
Bulletin.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31

Without even a bone left, Old Moth
er Hubbard couldn't have had a skele-
ton in the closet.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31

Whichever way you turn new dol
lar enables you to look on the bright
side.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-12-31

Dark blue serge trimmed with black
braid, red stitched cloth piped with
white and gold cord and buttons; red
silk ceinture and vest.
Waterbury Democrat., 1901-01-17
NEW HAVEN NEGLECTED.

The democratic members of the house of representatives from New Haven county appear to have been strangely overlooked in the makeup of the committees as announced yes terday by Speaker Light. The city of New Haven. with one-eigth of the population of the state, and one-tenth of the taxable property, has fared even worse. Neither MT Donovan or Mir Housel, both of whom are law yers, was appointed to the very inn portant committee on the judiciary. Speaker Light. in another column of the Union to-day, makes explanation of his failure to appoint a democrat to this committee, that is very plausi- ble from republican standpoint. However, whether MT Lights reasons were partisan or otherwise, New Ha- ven people. irrespective of party, have reason to be dissatisfied with his ap- pointments. Granting that the speak CTS selections for the judiciary com mittee appeared to him the best possible to be made, it must be admitted that MT Donovan's ability and experience ought to have commanded for him a place either upon the committee on in- corporations or that on appropriations. As 1t is, MT Donovan and MT Housel must waste their activities upon the same committee, and each has an ap- pointment upon another, and minor committeee. New Haven people, while regretting the circumstances are not disposed to admit that 1t is a reftec- ton upon the ability of their repre- sentatives.-New Haven Union.
Waterbury Democrat., 1901-01-17
ENTERTAINED ARROGANCE.

There is a strain of arrogant de- fiance running through the testimony of certain West Point cadets before the congressional Investigating com mittee that would seem to indicate prompting from some unseen source. These young men who are eating the peoples food and wearing the peo- ples cloths and having the peoples money furnished for the purpose of giving them first class educations, ap- pear to regard the members of the examining committee in much the same light as they do the pleDeS whom it is their delight to cover with con tempt and insult. There is q tendency on the part of these lads to regard themselves as beings quite apart from the superior to the civilian who sup ports them and this in spite of the fact that in very many cases they at tend the academy with the precon- ceived plan of leaving the service at the earliest possible moment and utilizing the expensive education given them by the people for their own personal advantage. Which really places them in an unenviable position. regarded from the viewpoint of strictly honorable men. The uppish and actually impudent manner of sev- eral of these cadet witnesses is in keeping with this spirit: but further than that their conduct evidences a certainty of their position that could only have come from encouragement by persons whom they regard as su- perior to their inquisitors. That this support comes from army officers is more than probable. It has been pretty clearly demonstrated. since the beginning of the Booz inquiry, that a great many officers are in sympathy with haZing at the academy. The half-hearted perfunctory investigation of the war departments committee showed that. And on Tuesday. when a cadet palpably lied before the con- greSsional committee and was accused by member of the committee of possessing a convenient memory. the congressman was hiSSeu by a number of army officers among the spectators. To these gentlemen it was outrageous that a cadet should be accused of lying. but not at all outrageous, apparently. that he should lie. That he did lie there is not the slightest doubt. and in several rela- tiOns: one of them being when he said that he haZed Cadet Booz just to make him reel good.'' The army man is prone to bracket the words officer and gentleman The pub lie has always been inclined to accept the synonym; but developments of late lead us to the belief that in some in stances officer and ''cad' may stand for the same indiyidual.--Bril J-uinD
Waterbury Democrat., 1901-01-17
SINGING OUT OF TUNE.

Singing out of tune is caused by a defective voice just as often as by a defective ear, writes Mrs Walter Creyke in the Nineteenth Century. People who habitually sing in perfect tune will occasionally sing false with out detecting it. If tired they will sing fiat. If the wind is in the east, or if they have been dancing all night, or at the beginning of a sore throat, the voice may have tendency to sharpness. Thus it must be the voice and not the ear which is at fault. I have noticed in many singers that one note in the whole voice will be slight lv' false; this again must be a defect in the voice and not in the ear. The more a singer habitually sings in tune without effort the less likely will she be to discover when her voice is off pitch. When a singer is beginning to lose her voice her singing may be con- pletely out of tune without her being aware of it, but when she does know it she will be able to avoid singing false by the cultivation of her ear. The more defective the voice becomes the more will the ear require cultivation.
 :, It is easy enough for any one with a good ear to detect false singing in another person, but by no means so 
 people who do not pretend to- sing note in tune themselves will detect the faintest shade of falseness when an- other person is singing. People who are able to accompany themselves when practicing have a great advan- tage over those who are always obliged to employ an accompanist. In accom- panying ones self the slightest false ness can be easily detected, for if the note struck on the piano can be heard through the note sung the voice and the piano cannot be in perfect tune.
 In singing so'1d soae rfhrate upper fsa voice without the notes of the piano having to be struck at all, if the voice is in tune with the piano. But these instances can scarcely be detected when standing up and singing to an accom- panfSt.
Waterbury Democrat., 1901-01-17
A ONE MAN TORPEDO BOAT.

If a certain board of naval officers, now in session in Washington, reports fayorably on the invention of q New port man, the government Will nave exclusive right to one of the most pow erful implements of modern naval war fare-a one-man torpedo boat, whose speed will, it is estimated, be about forty-five knots, says the Newport. k. l.. correspondent of the Boston Her ald. For motive power it is understood that both electricity and compressed air will be utilized.
 The vessel is to be built to run under the surface, with the operators head only above the surface, or, if neces- sary, the movements of the vessel may be directed wholly from beneath the surface. Just what method is to be used to submerge the craft cannot be learned, although it is said that the principal used will be wholly different from that used in the case of the tor pedo boat Holland. One who is com- petent to talk upon the subject goes so far as to say that when the plans are made public they will create world wide sensation.
 The inventor of the boat is Thomas J. Moriarty. for years one of the lead ing machinists and instrument makers at the government torpedo station at Goat Island, Newport harbor, and now president and manager of the Newport Manufacturing Co. several previous inventions of Mir Moriarty have been adopted by the government, notably his torpedo finder. It is understood that this new one-man torpedo boat has been patented in thirteen coun- tries, and undoubtedly the United States government will want to retain .,,b n instrument nrO- lection to itself, if for no other req
Waterbury Democrat., 1901-01-17

As we look back through the last third of the last century, says mag azine writer, glancing at those indus tries which have made most rapid strides in progress, many conspicuous instances of the practice of scrapplng expensive machinery are noticeable. Of ;tll the many enterprises, those which have been associated with ana closely related to the iron and steel industry have had the most phenome- nal growth. The Bethlehem Iron company. South Bethlehem, Penn, i'll 1890 erected the largest steam ham, mer ever built, having a capacity or 125 tcus falling weight. This was op- erated successfully for three years ln the manufacture of armor plate, Dur when. in 1893, a new type of this pro- duct was invented by H. A. Harvey, it was found that the hydraulic press was better adapted for it's manufac- ture. and this enormous tool, which, with all its accessories. cost in round figures a quarter of a million dollars, was immediately set aside, to be re- placed at a similar cost by a hydrau- lie press, which to-day still remains ,be largest in the world. This is prob ably the most notable instance" on rec ord. on account of the great expense involved. oS the substitution of more efficient tool Cor another, the normal life of which hatS only just begun.