davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1901-03-07
THE WHIST PARTY
For the Hospitals Benefit This Evening at

For the Hospitals Benefit This Evening at
the Y. M. r. Club Hall.
Arrangements for the entertainment and
whist party for the benefit of the New Ha-
ven hospital are all complete and 1t will be
given in the Young Mems Republican club
hall on Crown street this evening, rain or
shine. Quite a number of prizes to he
played for have been donated by the mer-
chants of this city, and very pleasant and
successful occasion is expected. Ladies' and
gentlemen who wish to attend will please
remember that the whist part of the pro-
gramme will begin promptly at o'clock.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1901-03-07

and Rev Mr.. Parker, of Trinity church.
this city.
The Offering was for the Church Mis-
sionary association of New Haven,
which is the local missionary society
connected with the Episcopal church
The next service in the series will be
held next Wednesday evening and the
address will be by Rev Harold Arrow
smith, rector of Trinity church, Lenox,
Mass.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1901-03-07
ILLNESS OF JAMES B. SMITH.
We'll Known Member of the Grays

Well Known Member of the Grays.
James B. Smith. of Park street. well
known member of the Grays for several
years past, is critically i'll at Grace hospital
with rheumatic fever. He. was taken i'll
muscular rheumatism and three days ago
rheumatic fever developed and his condition
Is very serious.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1901-03-07
INTERCOLLEGIATE GOLF.

The Intercollegiate golf tournament
will be held this spring from May to
II and Atlantic City will probably be
the place chosen. The following col
leges will participated Yale, Harvard,
Princeton, Columbia and Pennsylvania.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1901-03-07
INTERCOLLEGIATE
ATHLETIC

LEASE OF OAK GROVE HOTEL.
Mrs II. l.. Spencer owner of Il large part
of Meadows End, Milford, has rented all
the property between the water and the
trolley tracks to Pearl 3. Sperry, of this
CITY, who will take possession on April l.
Cottages, pavilion, stands. and the Oak
Grove hotel are included in the lease.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1901-03-07
MERIDEN's PUBLIC LIBRARY.

Meriden, March 6.--The plan Of Arch
itect w. II. Allen, of New Haven, has
been selected by the library directors
and Mrs. George r. Curtis as the most
suitable for the new Meriden public H.
brary to be built and presented to the
city by Mrs. Curtis
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1901-03-07
ASSOCIATION

The executive and advisory commit
tee Of the Intercollegiate Athletic asso-
citation are to meet on March Is in New
York at the Fifth Avenue hotel
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1901-03-07
Government bonds,


Reported over private wire by Fl. C.
Friedman & Co.. Bankers and Brokers,
10 Wall Street, New York. New Haven
Office, 1853 Chapel Street, Norman A.
Tanner, Manager
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1901-03-07

NAL steps towards the completion of
measure to insure the exchange are still
in progress. While the new securities
thus remain non-existent, operations in
the group are hampered. The sub-treas-
ury has taken nearly 100000 900 from the
market since last Friday, and bankers
report that the turn in the tide Of the
interior money movement to New York
Is at hand. Call money shows tenden-
cy to work somewhat closer.
The railroad bond market continues
active and prices generally higher. To-
tai sales par value, $5,000,000.
United States registered declined x
per cent. ON the last call.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1901-03-07
CHARLES P. CLARK's CONDITION

terday Indicates Marked Improve
ment
A dispatch from Charles p. Clark
himself was received yesterday, indi-
eating that his condition is greatly i'm
proved and that he may return with
his wife and other members Of his fam
lily to this country soon.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1901-03-07

ATHLETIC TRAINING TABLES.
The training table Of the Yale freshman
crew has been established at AZ College
street, and that Of the freshman baseball
cam at 1881 Chapel street.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1901-03-07
Closing Prices.

Following are the closing prices reported
by Prince & Whitley, Bankers and Brokers,
81 Broadway, New York, aud 10 Center st.,
New Haven Rid te,ed
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
ScHlEY'S OBJECTIONS.
To Finding Of Court Of Inquiry Filed
With Secretary Long.

Washington. Dee. lo.-Adnural Schley,
through his counsel. has filed with the
secretary of the navy hlS nll of cN,'p-
tions to the majority findings OF the
court Of inquiry ana rlso n letter ask
ing to be allowed To he heard in con
ncction with the objections To he filed by
attorneys for Admiral Sampson To the
individual opinion of Admiral Dewey.
This action WAS taken after Mr. Rnyncr,
Mr.. league and Captain Parker of
counsel. had held consultation
throughout yesterday with their client.
Secretary Long almost immediately
after the receipt of the rommunica
tions called Judge Advocate lemly and
the solicitor for the department, Mr..
Hanna, into conference. At its CON
clusion the secretary said that he had
no statement to make regarding any ac-
tion that he might take in the premises.
He however. Indicated to Mr.. league.
through the judge advocate. that lie
would not hear an oral argument by
Mr.. Rayner regarding Admiral Samp-
sons protest. hut that he would receive
II written statement.
1t was expected that counsel for Ad-
miral Sampson would file their Obicc-
tiOnS to the findings of Admiral Dewey
in the ease yesterday. but ii is now
stated that such objections may not he
offered before Friday.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
A MISSION OF PEACE.
Capital ard Labor Will Endeavor te
Remove Existing Difficulties.

New York. Dec. 10. The general com
mittce named by the conference ca He'd
to consider plans for healing the uii-
iicullieS between the capilaliStic and
.ibor interests of the country organized
yesterday. elected officers and issued Il
general statement of its mission of
peace. Senator Hanna was chosen HS its
chairman. with Samuel GonrcrS second
in command.
The statement isSucd expressed Il lc-
termination to strive for Industrial
peace: TO aid in establishing rightful re-
lHtionS between those who ioil and their
employers: to confer ami advise Will
employers and employed when in CON
iirl, to encourage agreements under
which labor shall be performed. ana %
arhitralr disputes when asked by both
sides to the dispute. determination Ia
avoid discussion of abstrac, Industrial
problems was avuwrd.
Chairman StrauS made Il brief state
mcnt fer publication. Il cannot tell yen
anything about the plan for putting into
practice the peaceful project of this
conference" he said. I'VE are at work
on it, and in due time II viii br mndc
public. | believe every man named ON
the committee will serve. All of the
labor leaders have accepted and in this
epoch making union of labor and cap,
ital no man can deny his services TO Il
project that means such II great good
for his country. The approval of the
labor leaders means the r.,-opriati II If
more than 2.OOO.OOO urynuZcd workers.
As we progress in this work it becomes
moro apparent that the chief cause of
understandings
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
LYNN STRIKE CONTINUES.
Kelley companys Offer of Settlement
Not Considered Acceptable.

Lynn, MISS. Dee. l9.--lhomas y
Kelley made an unsuccessful attempt
to effect Il settlement of the morocco
strike yesterday afternoon. He called
n conference of the employees of the
Weber Leather company, the pevcar
company. the \. b. Hoffman company
and Thomas a. Kelley n Co., but rs ,hc
employees of the first three companies
had already made n settlement, only II
committee from the Kelly company con-
fcrrcd with MIR. Kelly. Mr.. Kelly
agreed to give $40 Il week to side glaX-
erS and S1l to bower ginZrrS. as this was
the price formerly received by the en-
ployrs of the Kelly company and the
price agreed upon in other factories
now. The employees of the Kelly fac
tory objected on the ground that the pro-
cess in the Kelly factory was different
from that in other factories. and there
fore refused 10 entertain the offer.
I.ast night there was the same gather
ing around the factory MS usual. and
about - employees We're escorted away
under police protection. There was ~
violence shown.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21

New Haven. Dee 10.-An interesting
development in the so.cnlled bogus
jtwelry prosecutions took place yesrrr-
bridge l.. Howe. of the firm of Howe 4
StetSon, and Milton ii. We'll. Il salesman
for the Edward Malley company. Both
these firms run large department stores.
1t is said that these are only the be-
ginning of Il series of prosecutions to be
instituted against dealers to protect the
marks sterling" and 14carat" on sill
Yer and gold articles offered for sale.
The two men gave bonds for hearing
later. on the charge of selling jewclry
falsely stamped.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
----------------- --------------
Convicts' Plot Exposed.

Lcavenworth. Kas.. Dee 1?.-When
cOnvicts Turner Barhcs and Bob Clark.
leaders in the mutiny of the federal
prison here of Nov. I, We're arrested at
Lawton. Clark handed letter to the
sheriff, requesting him TO mail it. The
letter was addressed to Clark'S brother
at Kcokuk. In. Suspectng plot, the
sheriff handed the letter to Deputy
Warden Lemon. Since his return War
den McClaughcy has had experts work
ing on the letter. which was in cipher.
has requested his brother to get Il "On
fcderate. board the train ut Guthrie.
Overpower the officers and kill them, if
necessary, to enable him to gain his
freedom.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
LABOR WORLD.

The masters strike at Rochester, N.
y, has been settled.
Ten thousand employees of Armour
n Co., at Chicago, will receive higher
wages after January /.
Connecticuts State Employment
Agency in five months found work
for 2OOO women and 1919 men.
The membership of the Order of T.o-
comotive Firemen is now nearly 10000
In the United States and Canada.
Under the new Industrial Arbitra-
tion law of Australia. court is ere
ated having remarkable powers to en-.
force its DEGREES, even to creating a
standard wage. -
The union scale of wages in the job
printing offices in New York City will
be $50 week after January |. and if
it is necessary Typographical Union
No. will strike to enforce this scale.
Fifty-three milkmen of Bridgeport.
Conn, have formed Il union and joined
the Federation of Labor. The union
will pass on questions raised between
the milkmen and dealers as we'll as
consumers.
Denmark is said TO he the best, Or
ganized country in the world from n
labor standpoint. Statistics shoY.that
T6.7 per cent. of the workingmen and
21.7 per cent. of the working women
of that country are members of trades
unions.
Starvation threatens all striking
wOrkingmcn in st. Petersburg, who
henceforth may be eXiled to Siberia.
In the case of these offenders the Gov
ernment will not allow sums of from
81 to So II month, ordinarily given to
avert death by hunscr ,.~.
At Il meeting held at San JHan, Porto
Rico. the Federation Librc, having 400
members, approved the constitution
of the American Federation of Labor,
and received President Gompers. Iii,
ploma. This is the first labor organizes
tion of the island to join the American
Federation of Labor, and marks the
beginning of IN extended movement
there. '' e.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
Convenient Pole Saved Lives.

South Norwalk. Conn. Dec. 19.-Thcre
were many narrow escapes from death
last night in a fire which totally de
Stroyed the building occupied by tie
Snap Hook and Eye company. \ num-
Der OF young women were working ON
the second floor and the flames cut off
their escape by way of the stairs. \
pole was found leaning up to on" Of
the windows from the ground. One
after another the girls graSpcd the pole
and slid down to the ground in safety.
4 few minutes later the room from
which they had just escaped was en-
veloprd in flames. The loss was S43.-
600. The origin of the fire is unknown
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
news OF The week.


Twenty British resist Boer attack
for six days.
Connecticut scientists studying food
and nutrition.
The Manchurian question causes a
crisis in China.
Miss Sarah c. Allen OF Brookfield.
Mass, killed by a train.
Plans for extensive Improvement Of
Rutland railway system.
Mark Knipe. shoe manufacturer OF
Haverhill, Mass, is dead.
-Wardman Glennon to have his
trial before Recorder Goff
Death Of Mr. Thomas Waterman,
the Boston insanity expert.
Eight persons killed and IA injured
in train wreck in Montana.
Brig Sndia and schooner Mark Gray
ashore on New Jersey coast
John Swinton labor agitator and
writer, dies in Brooklyn. n. y.
PanAmerican congress to break up
over the problem of arbitration,
Seven families rescued and firemen
hurt in fire in Springfield, Mass.
Senator Hanna interested in better
relations between capital and labor.
Stoneham, Mass. police cause a SEN
sation" by raiding Il gambling club.
Salaries of British colonial officials
exceed those paid in the Philippines
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
Princeton University Growina.

Princeton. y. j., Dec. 10 The uni.
verSity catalogue for the present year
shows Il general increase of students in
all departments. the entire increase over
last 'year'S attendance being 10 stu
dents. The total number of students
now in the university is 1850. The en-
rollment shows big increase in the stu
dents from the middle west, New Eng
land and southern states. Thirteen
new. instructors We're added to the
faculty last September.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
Croker Names SchIey for President.

Indianapolis, Dec. 19.-At Frenchlick
Springs yesterday Richard Croker eX-
pressed Il very decided opinion that Ad
miral Schley would make Il strong pres
idential candidate in 1904. anl that the
probabilities all favor a boom for him
in the east, with strong following both
in the south and west. He expressed
the opinion that congress would not in
tcrfcre in the Schley matter in any way
and that this would be to the advantage
of Schley and the Democratic party. for
inaction would he tnntamount to an in
dorScmcnt Of the majority verdict and
thus commit the Repmblic:m pnrtN 10 Il.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
Michiqan's Oldest Man Dead.

Iudington, Mich. Dec. 10. Louis
Rock. oldest man in Michigan. died here
yesterday nt the age Of 1oI. lie was
born Dec. Il. l19+. on Il whaling vessel
bound from IIavre to NewfolIldlnnd
ana was the first white man to enter the
Yosemite valley. This was in the spring
of 1914, when he was in charge of Il
hunting party all of whom we're killed
by Indians. he alone escaping. During
lis last years he became Il charge on tl"
city, having decided his little property
to Iudington for his care.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21

New York. Dee. 19.-lt is believed
that the schooners Maud and Ella
Brown, which sailed from this port for
Beverly, Mass, ana Camden, Me. re-
spcctively. on Nov. ;, will never he seen
again. The Maud has not been reported
since Nov. 13. and the Ella Brown since
Nov. 10, the day of the heavy gale off
foundrrrd. Both vessels were in the
neighborhood of Cape Cod on Nov. H..
The crews Of the two vessels numbered
all told l3perSOnS. The Insurance. com
pnnies which carried the insurance on
the vessels have decided that the YES
sells are lost, and are preparing to pay
the GLAZING.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
New WelterWejuht Champion.

Buffalo, Dec. 19.-Rube Ferns, the
welterweight champion, went down to
defeat ut the hands of Joe Walcott, the
Barbados black, in five rounds at
Fort Erie last night. Walcott battered
down Ferns with terrific body blows
and right and left swings TO the head
Tp save Ferns from being completely
Knocked out. Referee Mcbride stopped
the bout and awarded the decision to
Walc0tt. The men. met at AZ pounds
rounds
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
Costly Stable Fire.

Clinton. Mass. Dee. l0.-rhe Clinton
House stable. large wooden building
in the rear of the Clinton House. as
burned by a fire that started from an oil
stove in the sleeping room of John Nc
Donald. the hostler. this Il Orning.
causing the loss of S1j.UO0. Mcdonald
was taken to the Clinton hospital very
seriously burned. such was the T.; pid
spread of the flames that only nine of
the horses in the building were saved.
Many of the animals burned We're trOt-
terS and were very valuable.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
"1he People'e Will"

New York, Dee 19.-JuStice Jerome
yesterday addressed Il meeting OF the
State Brewers and Masters asSocia-
tion. He asked for the support of the
association to Il bill providing for the
opening Of saloons between the hours
of and II p. m.. Sundays in cities with
600. The association passed resolu-
tions pledging its support to such Il bill.
The justice said that it was the peoples
will.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
Nothing to Say About Gift.

Washington, Dec. l9.-Andrew Car
negie was in Tie city. yesterday aud
lunched with the president at the
White House. 1t is understood that lie
proposed gift Of $4,000. 900 by Mr.. Car.
negie to the government for the estab-
lishment of university of higher
learning in this city was discussed. but
the statement is made that there Is
nothing to be said on the subject for
publication. %
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21

The egg shortage is the most notice
able feature of the market at present,
strictly fresh commanding high prices.
The quality of butter offered from cold
storage is excellent. There has been
practically no change in most of the
prices quoted for staples last week:
POULTRY--Turkeys, west, fair
to good. 1oMl2c; fowl, north,
ern. per ID. 1l@l2c; west,
ern, per lb. La Toe: chickens, north
ern spring per ID, l3NlJc; western, per
lib. llGl2c; live fowls. per lb, SGSc
Northern creamery, per
lb, 25@25 l2c; western creamery, per
lb. "A l-2M25 l-2c; northern dairy, per
lb, 19m 23c3; imitation creamery, per
lb, Is LEA Ice; ladc packed, per lb,
IA l-2c.
Northern twins. 10 12Ui
II G; western twins, 1o@1O 3-4c.
EGGS-Fresh hcnnery, per doz,
AoM42c; fresh eastern, per doz, 300
%3c; fresh western, per doz, .7Q3Oc,
cold storage per doz, lS@ l?c.
BEANS Northern marrow, SEA
2.05: northern medium, $3M3.O5;
yellow ewes. $2.35@2,45: red kidney,
81. l302.35
HAI-Market steady for choice; best
hay, per ton, $l75O41S, with lower
grades at s12@lG.
RYE STRAW-Quiet and steady at
$l5.5O@lG5O per ton; oat straw, 500
II.
SEED-Trade quiet. with prices
steady; timothy, per bu, S2.GO42.70;
clover, per Id, 10 1-2@l1c; red top.
western, 5O-lb. sack, $2.25; red top,
recleaned, per ID, 1l@11 1-2c.
POTATOES-Quoted firm; Aroos-
took Hebrons, per bu. SS@9Oc; do
Green Mountains: '9O@92c; do rose,
S0@S5c; Dakota reds, 75@SOc; New
York stock, 75@7Sc;, sweet potatoes,
Jersey double heads, s2.5003.
TRUCK-Beets, per Lu 5Oa: cab
hages. native. per bbl, soc; native GU
cumbers. hothousc. per 100. $6GS; yell
low turnips, per bbl S5c; squash, per
Dbl, $3.50: spinach. per bu, 60@65c;
onions, per bbl 81; apples, Kings. per
Dbl, $4@45O; .Baldwins and Greetings,
s3.50G4; pound sweets. S3.5O@4; mixed
varieties, $2.50@3.25; cranberries, per
Dbl. $550qC.5O; per crate, $l.75@2.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
Governor Stjcknev's Appojntme nts.

Montpelier VT, Dee. -. Governor
Stickney has appointed James W.
Brock of Montpelier ScrGeant-at-armS,
to succeed 4. c. rhilnry. deceased.
pelier Savings Bank and Trust com
pnny. The governor also appointed IL.
Il. Cushman municipal Judge at Ben
nington, vice Charles III. Darling. re.
signed to become assistant secretary Of
the navy.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
Work May Soon Be Resumed.

Washington. Dee. 10. The navy de-
partmcnt has been informed by the
Union Iron works at San Francisco that
the strike which has prevailed ut their
yards for over Il year past has been de
clared off in Il number Of classes of
workmen. This information is crafty
ing to the department, .inasmuch as the
warshps let to That company have been
practically untouched since last May.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
Ran Short of Coal

New York. Dec. 19.-The transport
Mcclellan from Gibraltar to New Yo"li.
has been compelled ny stormy
weather to put into Hamilton. Bermuda,
for coal. but is expected to reach New
York Sunday. The Mcclellan is bring
ing troops home from the Philippines.
cigar store of Charles NJ. Har,."n. 1853
Union street, Lynn. Mass, were hroken
into and over siOo, besides some va,ua-
ble papers, including a deed for prop
erty, was stolen.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
Thinks Beers May Vet Win.

New Haven. Dec. 19."-Gcneral Pear,
son. representative of the BOer cause,
addressed Il company of about 600 per
sons in Harmonic hall last night. lie
was repeatedly cheered when his ut
teranccS reflected the Boer dctermlna-
ti0n to fight their cause tn the bitter
end General Pearson said that with
the friendship of Il strong power the
Boer cause would yet be successful.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
The navy department has announced
the formal acceptance of the battleship
Wisconsin,
To Extend Playground Idea.

Toledo, Dec. 19.-Professor s. I.
Tsanoff, founder of til" playground
movement in America. and Professor
Iuebin. president of the Chicago Com
plete Education league. have started a
movement for the organization of a ma
tional society to promote the play
ground movement. Chicago is to be the
headquarters of the organization.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
Grjffiths Quits Roped Arena,

Chicago, Dec. 19.-Albert Grittiths,
known in sporting circles as Young
Griffo,' a lightweight pugilist, has been
forced to quit the ring because of Il
valvular affection of the heart which
might bring death to him in the ring at
any time
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
Endeavorers Incorporated.

Boston. Dee. 19.-The incorporation OF
the Worlds Union of Christian En-
deavor under the laws of Massachusetts
was announced yesterday at the quar-
tcrly meeting of the board If trustees
of the united society. Under the incor-
poration. Rev. Francis T.. Clark. ID. d.,
was chosen president; J. ". Baer. sec
retary: William Shaw, treasurer. There
are now 81 800 societies.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
Policeman for EiftY.Six Years,

Lynn. Mass. Dee. 19.-Captain John
\. ThurStOn, who has been the oldest
policeman in active service in the colm
try. died yesterday. after 56 years of
police duty at Lynn. He was born in
bradford. and early in life came to
Lynn, where he learned the .hOemakin
trade. and later did n little manufactur
force of constabes of the town of Lynn,
and had been connected with the police
force ever since.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1901-12-21
Hioher Prices for Broors.

Chicago. Dec. 19.-The National
Broom Manufacturers association of the
United States and Canada decided yes
terday to advance the price of broons
and are considering further advance.
1t was decided that the individual man
ufacturers should advance the price
considerab bly, at their own discretion.