The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1901-11-10

arc liberty and equality Of opportunity
for all. tho existence Of exclusive castles.
or Of m~onopolies so gigantic that they are
a. inaccessible from the plane OF common
life as were the feudal castles OF the Middle
Ages. is pronounced as fatal to the move
ment and progress Of q society as Is a series
Of trenches stretching across a field to an
army on the march
We come now TO our authors fourth and
last rule for the practical stateemanship
Of the present, founded OF the evolution
of civilization In the past: the rule, namely.
that the practical aims OF all pro gressive
reform movements in modern States are
to be directed toward the material and
social conditions Of these States. rather than
toward the character Of tie people who in
habit them. What 10 the reason OF this
ruler It is this. That, II u~nfavorable
material conditions are allowed to prevail
for a sufficient length Of time in any com-
munity, they will insensibly corrupt opinion
degrade sentiment and lower the level OF
the high ideals Of the community; In the
same way az, II highways are unguarded
long enough, they will breed robbery;
houses unprotected, HOUSEKEEPING, streets
unpatrolled. ruffianism: appointments or
contracts unexamined, corruption ana
dishonesty; and 30 on. So, In the same
way, II swift and radical industrial changes
nave taken place In the bosom OF a society
or State, this alteration In the material
and social landscape Of that State must
be the chief concern Of the statesman. and
not the character Of the individuals or
classes that rave got hold Of its vantage
ground. For, just as every situation In
life has its favored places and positions
and its less advantageous ones-w1th no
personal blame attaching to those who
in the scramble have happened TO secure
the best p~laces-so the statesman OF the
twentieth century must keep his eyes
primarily on those points Of vantage which
have arisen In his society. those commercial
peaks on which sit the castles Of ~millionaires,
those broad acres which maintain the land
lord castles, those hollows and plains where
lie the disinherited, and so on: In a word.
on the characteristics Of the material and
social landscape, and not on the people
themselves. For this reason. mainly, that
the existing character OF a people living O N
a given area OF the earth's surface Ia for
the moment practically fixed and cannot
be Immediately altered except In a very
inappreciable degree; while the peaks and
III. fs,.aa. ,ha caxoa and updaroronpd
a,..n,nas .h,oh harhor the beings that
- nravod an (which n al,owed
so,,i,va , a,is, viii nv the -sentiments
- ."a..u,u - ,.nd 70 e,oander alto,
- - 49, s,,,ra ,h.r.ctsr ~ n nation n,
o,uui,.,;on, on he quickly 40 raised or
,.,o,IoI nradad hv human art and states.
,n.n.hi, 80 ha made tho nursing nlaces
~ - ,ns,o.d q, hrigands the homes
rIr,ma 81 hon.s,y instead ~ misery
". -.
-
~.
oucn arc ,no k.".'". '"e :" P
Workmanship "moh MT 'rohier "ouhu
draw from the eVoiutioh OF ci'hiza,ioh' 10
WIZ the PRESERVATION Oh '"e oisa'io 'yPo
OF any given society OF Peopie' 'he re-
forming OF MAJ Society ana 'he securing
oil us progress not oy Hos'rac' lueais nm
posed on II all at once from "ithout asihtne
French heVoiuuoh' pu' ny inouhnoat,oh I,
It's ehis'lhg ihs'i'u,ionS III 'no u'.'"o" "
Ideals py sranuai ihc,e'nen'S ahu e'aser'
the keeping soce'y w o'a P"Ve' ar .
were, ana wnhou, u" ueeP gap~ anu
trenches maze mus ranHs y o@-'e' 'nohop-
OILY ana o'her cauSe-' a ',ee P~SSAse 70
ana iro aho up or "o~n "e.ns "uND
eVery"here anu . ~ anu 49, III.
ceh''a','" " 81 l.~ .ea,,iS..
ina,e,isi' va :. -
WHICH n'.p IT, -. 90, ar-,car -.
man W., - ID. or.c,t,aI s,a,s..
'"orn, ~ -. -. -.
m"in,P So aa,.Jda. aha, a.
49, 49, .h,oh IN. his,ory n, the Fvo-
- ~ Gvilizs,,on demands TO-DAY IN
- .n.nsnin % rn,land rra,ca spd
49, I,nvod s,.,cs I, is "a We have said
ii e.. a,rI;c.,io, ~ ,heae r,lcs 20 ON,
.an,,hIio ,h,, $40 ar. nor. nnedi.,.Iy
-
i.,haa...,,h oh.r, .~co,d no-
,ho ,oI,,oa ts,ora us the char,ar which
,a. a.. ,ha, an oo,,,on,
II.nal 49, a, ,wo,,to,h o.,,,,x
a., Crozi., ....vs ~ show how no, lone
e.. r. W., ., I,d.,e,dcnca ADD The
- ., ,h. n.v radornl Constitute,
- a..ao, -, !, f. Ar.
-, on.r,.. ., Iu.rcan Ma rhich
a..an,. 80 ubIn,.ta, suco.adad hy
an nphanpv coniunc,ior 81 their forces In
- o,.,.,ing q, "a. u~ol,,ic,l machinery a,