davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-07-02
Farm MISCELLANY.
MARYLAND FARMERS DEMANDS.

The mJvement started by the
farmers of the State to promote agri-
cultural interests in Maryland is q
step which should command atten.
tiOn. The movement cOntemplates
the esta blishment of State board of
agriculture which will take hold of
the question of immigration and
bring in desirable settlers; the in
crease of the annual appropriation
to the Maryland Agricultural Col.
lege so as to enlarge the field of use.
fulness of that institution, as we'll as
to promote the general interests Of
agriculturists on practical basis,
through the agency of men identified
with farming and not by politicians,
Not in many years has a more IN.
telligent or representative body of
agTiculturists assembled than that
which met last week at the Agricul-
tural College and formulated their
plans. They explicitly announced
that they wanted 100000 to enlarge
buildings, and declared that State
board of agriculture should be
created, to be composed of trustees
of the college, who are conversant
with the needs of farmers. 1t was
stated that there are a hundred or
more student applicants who are de-
MED the advantages of the college
for lack of proper accommodation in
the buildings as they exist. Com
mittees were appointed to urge these
matters upon the Legislature to be
elected this fall. But in advance of
the election it is the avowed Dur-
pose to have their demands cone eeded
by explicit understanding
The General Government has ade-
quately provided for the experiment
station. The college has been Brought
up to high state of efficiency. The
practical benefits of both the college
and the experiment station are ap-
preciated by the agricultural COM
munity. But it is considered that a
point has been reached when the
broad views Of craftsmanship should
control, instead of the narrow, sci.
fish views Of mere politicians. The
interest is too Important to be made
subser Went to individual interests or
the fuctuating necessities Of Parti-
san politics. Baltimore BuR.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-07-02

gage in this work more extensively
than they have already done that
COMPLETE SYSTEM OF ROTATION OF
CROPS
will be wise. The extensive culture
necessary to beet growing will thor
oughly clean lands of weeds of every
kind. The farmers will learn that
beets should not be grown on the
same field oftener than once in four
years. Between the growing of the
two crops of beets such crops as
clover, COW peas, or vetches should in
tervene, to store the soil with nitro
gen. The tops of the beets should
be left on the ground and plowed
under, as they contain a large per-
centag9 of mineral plant food. The
arid States have the richest beets be-
cause of the richness of the soil, the
plant food not having been leached
out of it by rainfall"
Congressman who have experienced
great difficulty on account of the
small number of seeds allotted to
them will probably be glad to know
their allowance this year will be
practically double that received pre-
viously. In addition to doubling the
allotment of seeds,
EACH CONGRESSMAN WILL HAVE FIFTY
LEES
at his disposal. They will be of differ
ent varieties, selected particularly
with a view to suiting the climate in
which they will be grown. Many
of these will be nut trees, such as
pecans and other varieties which
will grow in this country. Secretary
Wilson determined to distribute
trees with a hope of implanting a
love of trees in the breasts of the
people and melting them to follow
the example set by the Department
as we'll as to have a permanent show
ing for the money expended. In ad-
ditiOn to the trees distributed, 38,-
300, 1884 packets of seeds will be dis
tributed. Each Congressman will
have at his disposal $4,000 packages
of vegetable seeus, 400 of flowers,
11O of tobacco, 40 of cotton, 80 of
lawn grass, 25 of sugar beets. so of
forage crops, 22O bulbs, $50 straw
berries, and 40 of grapes. The straw
berries will be of new and rare varie-
ties and the grapes are yet to be
selected. A. B. MARRIOTT.
Washington, D. G.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-07-02
WAS IT FORTY CENTS LOSS Or FORTY
DOLLARS GAIN?

There are two lessons to be learned
from the following interesting anec-
dOte: One teaches the value of rape
the other teaches the Importance of
properly applying what is learned
from experience. We quote from
Wallace's Farmer:
A farmer vino bought forty pounds
of rape seed for forty cents last year
dropped into Livingstone seed store
the other day, and on being asked
how his rape seed did, replied in
somewhat emphatic language, ''No
moro of your rape for me. bought
five pounds of it last year and the
pesky chickens ate every bit of it
up"
GLOW many chickens did you
have?"
ooh, four or five hundred.
"And they lived on the rape all
summer"
"Did they do well?"
"Splendldly.'
$50 then you got irst-class sum-
mer feed for four or five hundred
chickens for forty cents. Do you
think you lost the forty cents? Is it
not quite probable that you have
gained forty dollars and got first
class feed for your chickens all sum-
mer long for about eight or ten cents
a head?"
We some times hear experiment
station professors dispute about the
proper Interpretation to put upon ex-
periments. Prof. Shaw said the
other day that it was no difficult
matter to conduct an experiment but
that it took wise man to interpret
it correctly. This farmer, without
intending it, had been making an
experiment, and he evidently was
mistaken as to the interpretat ton.
The gain may not have been forty
dollars, but say it was four, and that
he furnished all his chickens with
fist class feed all summer at one
cent a head. Was the experiment a
success or a failure? 1t does in fact
require a good deal of good sense to
properly interpret the facts on the
farm. This is only single instance.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-07-02
SUGAR BEETs IN NORTH CAROLINA.

correspondence OF Inc progressive FarmGr.
Experiments performed by the
writer covering period of two years,
show that certain localities in the
mountainous section of our State
can produce a sugar beet in every
way suitable for commercial pur-
poses. Such localities exist in Ashe,
Watauga, Caldwell, Mitchell, Madi-
son, Haywood, Buncombe, Hender-
son, Pennsylvania, Jackson, Macon,
Graham and Swain counties, and it
is possible that these areas may ex-
tend into Allegheny, Wilkes, Yancey,
Clay and Cherokee counties.
During the coming year we hope
so locate mere more definitely the
suitable areas, and for that purpose
we desire the cooperation of all per
sons who are interested. It is our
purpose to distribute sugar beet seed
next spring to all who apply for
them, and to analyze samples Of the
beets sent US. The only expense to
the farmer will be for fertilizers and
cultivation, but the beets grown will
amply repay this.
A sugar beet factory is a necessary
adjunct to the field. Such factory
can be successfully maintained in
any good beet-producing section of
sufficient area, if there be an abund-
ance of water, limestone and coal.
In the probable sugar beet section
the water supply is abundant, de-
pOsits of limestone are known, and
the Tennessee coal formations are
not very far distant. In addition to
the sugar which is produced, the mo-
lasses formed as by-product may
be utilized for the manufacture of
alcohol or vinegar and the pulp of
the beet remaining after the extrac-
tion of the sugar is very excellent
for stock feeding or for fertilizing
pUrposta!.
Good beets delivered at the fac
tory sell for from four to four dol
lars and half per ton, and the pro-
duct of one acre is worth from sixty
to seventy dollars. About one-half
of this is sufficient to cover the cost
of production, including the rental
value of land. The profits to the
factory are about three dollars for
each ton of beets purchased and
utilized for sugar making.
In New York State sugar is made
from the beet and in Louisiana from
cane, but it is not man afactured at
any points between these two States.
A bulletin is in course of prepara-
ton and will be issued from the press
in July, giving in detail the results
of the work. A copy will be sent to
the address of each party on our mail
ing list who resides in the section
named, and to such others as may
apply.
The prospect for the introduction
of this industry into the State is
promising and the matter is we'll
worth the attention of our people in
the western mountain counties.
W. A. WITHERs,
Chemist N. G. Agricultural Expert
ment Station.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-07-02
THE TAN BARK INDUSTRY.

1t is wonderful to see the amount
OF tan bark that is coming into town
every day and shipped away. This
business is not confined to Madison,
but is going on all over Western
North Carolina. It is strange, yes,
passing strange, that the people will
destroy their timber in such way.
There is little or no profit in it for
the farmers. The expense of peel
ing and delivering to the railroad is
about as much as it realizes in the
sale. On the mountain sides and in
the COves one sees hundreds of pealed
trees left to ruin and rot, just for
the sake of a little bark. Your big
oaks will be worth something to you
some day but more than all, you de-
prive your children and grand chill
dren of necessary wood and timber
by your own abuse. If this whole
sale destruction of the forests is to
continue the health Of the country
will be appalling.
Farmers, think of what you are
doing j, in Madison Enterprise.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-07-02
Vol. 16.
Agriculture.
Harry FARMER's TALKS
XXXII.

C,rraspondence Of The Progressive Far ~
"The rains descend and the 'ods
come. " which makes the grass grow
and the farmers blue. But every
farmer should be able to profit by
s1ch weather. While some of our
orops are injured by the continuous
rains. vet our pigs which we turned
into the oat patch are gaining so as
to balance losses by having so much
nice succulent crab grass to eat.
It would take at present prices for
corn. about So cents per day to give
the same results that one acre of fall
oats. with the weeds and grass on it,
is furnishing our pigs; at this rate
for forty days it would amount to
s22 per acre. Now let US see how
much it costs: u bushels seed oats
at so cents per bushel, 70 cents +;
blowing and sowing 81; total, Sl.75.
Can YOU cultivate an acre in corn
for less than $3.50, including all the
work from the first furrOw to husk-
ing or shucking the corn? Here are
two items that we should take into
consideration the Improvement IN
the land and the work of feeding out
this corn. 1t is true that it takes
but a few minutes each day, but they
will count. Ten minutes a day will
count one hour week, and in six
weeks there is a full half day gone.
Do you see the point? The hogs
will scatter the manure over the
land better than we can. That same
place will make us another crop of
hog feed and at the same time great
" improve. But we must spend
some more work and seed on it.
About the first or middle of July we
will plant it to COW peas, and, about
20 days from planting, let the pigs
go back to keep the grass down so
that the work of cultivaSing will not
cost Us over 40 cents per acre.
You want to know what we are 60
ing to do with the pigs during those
three weeks? Well, we have a pea
patch ready for them, Gust as ad-
vised in a former article in The Pro
gressive Farmer.) Though the peas
are a little late, yet they will be
ready for US when wanted, and what
the peas lack the grass will supply.
So you can readily see the great
saving of time and labor of this sys-
TEN. If it we're adopted by all the
farmers in Eastern Carolina, they
would have a plenty of meat to sell.
While the price is high, instead OF a
frOwn upon their faces when the
price was named, they would have a
broad smile. Every farmer knows
who has tried it that hogs kept in a
pasture are almost free from cholera.
Another lesson we have learned
from the rains is the Importance of
tile or under ground drainage. We
made box and put it in a ditch that
we wanted so fill up, and it proved a
perfect success. The day after a
soaking rain the land over this drain
was dry so that it could be worked.
HARRY FARMER.
Columbus Co., N. G.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-07-02
Columbus Co., N. G.

The only axiom or prOverb suit
able to be applied to farming, espe-
cially in the South, may be very
oldproverb slightly changed. every
farmer should learn that wherever
his lot may be cast to learn there
with to be discontinued" l do not
mean to become a grumbler, because
every one knows that no further
lesson is needed on that line. Whole
some discomfort will all existing
methods is pervading the West,
leading to such a revolution in agri-
culture as has never been witnessed
before. When wholesome discomfort
pervades the great body Of persons
occupied in agriculture in the South
sheep growing VIII not be stopped
either by the cur dog or by inertia
Within another generation this
country will export fine wools of
every grade, and will compel the
wool growers of other sections to
give up the semi bar barous methods
of the pampas of the Argentine, of
the sta ations of Australia and or our
ranches in the Western Territories,
and to adopt intelligent and intensive
methods, of which the Piedmont
plateau and the uplands of Georgia,
Alabama and Mississippi will become
the great and intelligent center
Edward Atkinson.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-07-02

Sugar beets, as is we'll known, like
deep soil. The Ohio Station in a re-
cent bulletin shows by couple of
"soil photographs che advantage of
sub-soiling for this crop. In the land
sub-soiled, it looks like huge molar
tooth with big pronged roots.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1901-11-13
sPoTTERs ON "KATY.~
New System For Mailing Crooked
Conductors Has Been Devised.

from the Fort Scott Tribune1
A unique system of t'spotting'' pas
senger conductors on the Katy road
mas Just been exposed in this city, and
some of the conductors are indignant
that their honesty should be called in
10 question by such great pains. a re-
cent Illustration Of the system is said
to have been operated in this city.
A spotter selects a station along the
Lne-one not division point like Fort
Scott, being preferred-and there
boards train, keeping a close watch
on all passengers who board and MAX
ing special observations of those who
pay cash fares after they get on. On
the trip he manages to get acquainted
with one or more of the fellows who
pay cash fares and gets their address.
II 1t happens that the conductors re-
port OF that day fails to show cash
fares collected between the points
which are reported by the spotter an
other representative of the company
calls on the persons who paid, q couple
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1901-11-13
MINIATURE ENGINE.
One-Armed Switch Tender Builds a
Fit. Wayne Locomotive.

Frank Boyd, switch tender for the
Fort Wayne road at the Manchester
switches, who has but one arm, has
constructed a miniature class O engine
for the Fort Wayne, in almost perfect
proportions entirely of wood and wire.
He was a conductor in the Fort Wayne
yards until six years ago, when he lost
Boyd has been switch tender most
of the time, but being mechanically in
clIned he has done a great deal of model
work Tor his own amusement. This
time he represents one of the oldest
styles of passenger engines on the road,
some of which are still in use on the
accommodation trains. The day follow
white out the parts of the engine at
home and finished them up and put the
parts together at the switch shanty
The little engine is four feet long
from the pilot to the rear of the tender,
and is almost perfectly proportional,
being complete with all but the engi-
neer and fireman. 1t is placed on a
parts all work, even to the cylinder
COCKS The model is almost entirely
constructed of wood, even to the bell
whistle and wheels, only the injector
pipes, hand rail, number plate and a.
Few other small parts being wire or
metal There are Janney coup1ers on
Dotn ends, having knuckles that will
work Apparently no part is missing.
Ine work has attracted a great deal
II, representing a great mechanical turn
and much patience. 1t was finished
only the past week He expects to
rattle 1t off during the holidays at some
DOWNTOWN store, in order to get some
thlng for his trouble and expense.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1901-11-13
officers For Passenger Agents.

Los Angeles, Cal, Nov. 13.-The
twenty-fifth annual convention of the
American Association of Travelling Pas
senger Agents met here yesterday
One hundred and six delegates were
present and twenty more applicants
were admitted to membership during
the meeting Secretary Van Dusen read
the report for the past year, showing
a membership of 747 with 107 applica-
lions for membership since the last
meeting, all of which, with two excep-
tions, were admitted. Only $249 was
collected for the insurance fund during
the year. All action taken at previous
meetings relating to the insurance fea-
ture was rescinded. Philadelphia was
unanimously selected as the place for
the next meeting. The date will be
fixed by the executive committee. John
c. Clair of the Illinois Central railway
at Boston. was elected president; T. F.
Fitzgerald, of the Texas Pacific rail-
road at Los Angeles, vice president;
and L. w Landau, of the Hooking
Valley road, Detroit, Mich, secretary
Treasures
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1901-11-13
NOT $1,25o,oOo.
Chief Engineer Storey Says the China
Basin Story Is Exaggerated.

Chief Engineer Storey of the Santa
Fe states that the estimates which have
been printed in the dispatches concern
ing the cost of the work of filling the
China Basin at San Francisco are very
much too high.
1t has been reported that the contract
for filling up the basin had been let to
b. Lantry & Son for 81, 250, 900. Speak
ing of this deal, Mr.. Storey says:
Before coming to Topeka made es-
Inmates on the amount of work re-
quired in filing up China Basin. 1t is
a 30-acre tract, and while we had the
estimates all made several years ago,
there were certain legislative require
mentS which had to be observed before
we could begin work
II know that the statements which
have been made as to the number of
cubic yards of dirt to be moved are ex-
aggerated, and that the reported price
for the job is also too high. What the
price was I do not know, but am GER
tain that it was not $1,250, 000-"
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1901-11-13
PAYMASTERS TO FIGHT.
Chief officer Recommends That They
Be Assigned to Duty.

Washington. Nov. 13-Paymaster Gen
eral A s Kenny in his annual report
recommends that officers of the pay
corps shall be regularly assigned to duty
as a part of the fighting force on ship
board He suggests that the pay officer
on board ship should have charge of
the powder division under the ordnance
officer, or of one section of it when di-
vided, in which all the personnel of the
mess organization should be stationed
lease a line officer on each ship now
assigned to powder duty.
1t is stated that during the Spanish
war this plan was actually tried the pay
officer rendering efficient and satisfac-
tory service In charge of the powder di-
GERS on board ship could be so employed.
The navigation bureau has approved the
suggestion in view of the shortage of
officers Following this idea further. the
paymaster general says that in order
that assistant paymasterS upon entering
the service shall have the requisite
knowledge, the laws should be changed
so that hereafter appointments to the
pay corps would be made from the grad
yates of the naval academy In this con-
nect1on the paymaster general speaks
OF the necessity for the creation of a
reserve of pay officers. which in turn
would involve an increase in the total
number of paymasters allowed by law
Other matters which form the subject
of recommendation are proposed
notifications of the law allowing certi-
fed checks to be used instead of per-
manent bonds by contractors deter
minat1on of liability for officers pay
bonds, an increase in the compensation
for paymaster's clerk and finally the
need of more commodious quarters for.
the bureau of supplies and accounts
than can be secured in the navy depart
ment building
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1901-11-13
RAILROADS SIDE OF IT.
Claimed That Henri Fournier Was
Running Automobile Too Fast

An automobile was recently hit at a
railroad crossing on Long Island, Con
corning this a correspondent of the New
York Herald writes: while the grade
crossings are very dangerous here. and
Westbury is one of the worst, they are
not half dangerous as motors run at
the speed they are in Nassau county. It
should be remembered that the best evil
dence is to the effect that NJ. Fourier
was breaking the law in regard to speed
and it is not denied that he and Mr.. Van
derbilt were conspiring to break it in
trying for record. Mr.. Fourniers state
ment that he was running six miles an
hour is nonsense, as a train can be seen
before it gets within so feet of the cross
ing and a motor which cannot be stopped
at that distance when travelling at six
miles an hour is not safe to run any
where. There seems to be a mistaken inn
the roads of Nassau county were built.
they being intended for the use Of tax
not as a race ira ok"
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1901-11-13
ADDS TWO MILLIONS.
Carnegie Increases His School at
Pittsburg.

Pittsburg, Pa, Nov. 13.-Just before
the close of an all afternoon meeting of
the board of trustees OF the Carnegie
institute, Andrew Carnegie surprised
and delighted the members present by
the announcement that he had decided
to increase by 100000 his already
large donations. MIR. Carnegie said he
would increase his original offer to en-
dow polytechnical school from 81 ,0O0.-
900 to 81, 100000 provided the city of
Pittsburg would donate a site. His
original proposition was to furnish
money for the erection and equipment
of a polytechnical school, at whatever
cost the board of trustees agreed upon.
and to start 1t with an endowment of
81, 900, 900. This endowment he raised TO
81, OOO, 600 Because of the rapid growth
of the institution, which comprises the
art, music and literary departments,
Mr. Carnegie said he would increase lis
endowment from $1,000, 900 to $2,O00000.
The board of trustees adopted plans
for the new school and selected Site
for the building. The buildings will be
modelled after the Worcester Technical
school and the site, comprising eleven
acres which the board will ask the city
to donate lies just west of the Carnegie
library building and extending along
Forbes avenue to Boquet street. The
city has already optioned this property
from Mrs. Mary Schenly and it is be-
lieved that the erection of the school
buildings will begin in short time.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1901-11-13
BURNED By HOT RIvEr.
Painful Experience of Otto Weber at
Shops.

Late Tuesday afternoon Otto Weber,
an apprentice in the boiler shop was
severely burned by a red hot rivet.
Weber was STOPPING over beside a tank
when the heater tossed a bolt UP on
top. Somehow it missed and went on
over, striking him in the neck. He at
once Strengthened up just in time to
start the hot metal down inside his
overalls. AS it rolled downward a hole
was burned through his trousers and
underclotheS into the skin. The rivet
went on down. burning the left leg to
the knee and scorching it's way out
through his clothing. He went to the
hospital received treatment and later
walked home. He will not be on duty
for several days.