The representative., 1901-06-20

Halls Catarrh Cure is taken inter-
nally and acts directly on the blood and
mucous surfaces of the system. Send
for testimonials, free
F.. J. CHENEY & CO., Toledo, o.
Sold by druggists, 75c.
Halls Family Pills are the best.
GOVERNMENT OWNERSHIP.
STATE RAILWAYS.
New Zealand builds her own railroads.
The number of miles>now in operation is
about $4,000. The pay on the railroads
averages about 80 per cent higher than
the wages on our American roads. The
railway hands have an eight-hour work
day. You can ride 80 miles for 10 cents,
and first-class service is rendered the
people. The annual net profit of the
New Zealand railroads Is an average of
$2,250, 900. There are 5000 men en-
ployed and the government continues to
extend the system. The men elect their
own foreman. Workmen engaged on
public works secure rs per cent reduc-
tiOn In rates for themselves and fam
lilies when away from home.
In thinly populated country like this
only the state could undertake the task
Of laying down and maintaining rail-
ways. Until the country is closely set
tied many of the lines will be unremun-
erative. They have been laid to enable
the settlers to go to the back lots and
open up the country. The financial po-
sitiOn of the railway department will
improve each year, but already the net
surplus of revenue over the expenditure
is equal to 311 per cent on the capital
cost. The department is worked in an
intelligent fashion, not SO much for
earning profits as for developing indus
tries and nursing struggling districts
For instance, the fruit growers in Hawk
eyes Bay and New Plymouth are long
way from Wellington, the nearest big
town. To enable them to get their fruit
to market the state railways carry it
300 miles at the rate of Il cents for Sc
pounds, passenger train. All empty boxes
and baskets are returned to owners
free. For large quantities lower rates
are quoted. In order to help strug-
Cling industry to get on it's feet the
state railways carried lime free 100
miles for a period of two years.
An employe can neither procure en-
ployment through preference, nor can
he be discharged. Every one is under
civil service regulations rigidly en-
a pull" no free passes. For 20 years
the government has owned and operated
railways. The profits go to the public
treasury and building extensions and
improving the present systems.
The roads have been built and
equipped for $4,000 mile, though it
is mountainous country, and wages
and materials are both very high. Work
on the railways is carried on by CO.
operative groups of workmen, who take
a section together and divide the con-
tract payments (Which are AberaN
equally among the members Of the
group. The daily wage for eight hours
work is $175 to 81.
Mr. Carpenter has this to say of New
Zealand railroads:
Zone of the chief customers for ma
chinery in New Zealand is the govern
ment 1t owns the railroads, and it will
eventually control all the street car
plants and electric light plants. 1t builds
bridges and it is thinking of operating
coal Mines"
"The railroads have cost the govern
ment Of New Zealand $4,000, but they
are paying good dividends TO the govern
ment, and are giving much better serv-
ice than any Of our railroads-giving
free transportation in many cases to en-
courage settlement of the government
lands. The government is large en-
ployer of labor, SO that no person is
without good wages-at least from So
to $12 week. This has emptied tho
jdll8, dllU q III dluV M do ASSA z 90 q NIL
lionaire.
..These conditions have practically
been brought about by the votes OF or
ganized labor-in fact, labor unions
dominate everything in New Zealand.
FORTY-EIGHT HOURS constitute a
week in almost every kind Of labor, and
a violation of this law Is severely pun
ished. A weekly half holiday is as gen.
orally observed here as Sunday is in the
United States"
Extract from a speech Of Hon. John
C. Bell, of Colorado, delivered in the
house of representatives:
"Mr. Connolly, our representative at
Auckland, New Zealand, some years ago
reported to this government that for
many years concentrated capital had
possession of this fertile little country;
that the people became desperate, filled
the legislative halls with the middle
and laboring classes, and wiped out, as
public works. That government in build
ing its railroads, dirt roads, and public
buildings, bridges, ETC., did not put them
up to the highest bidder, but had the
state engineer estimate the real value
Of roads, public buildings. bridges. etc.
made its specifications, and then adver-s
tised to the laboring men. who prepared
81 GO Ss:ss