davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1901-02-07
CYCLES OF %yoLuTIoN

The National Academy of Sciences,
which has been in session at Brown
university for two days, has adjourned.
The most interesting subject of the
day from a popular point OF view was
Prof. Alpheus Hyatt's discussion OF
cycles of evolution, says a Providence
dispatch to the New York Post. He
showed that after certain forms have
been deliberately developed there is a
return to simpler forms. His first pa
per was entitled Progressive Evolu-
ton of Characters in the Young Stages
of Cephalopods." He showed that in
an examination of fossil remains OF
cephalopods we do not find a steady
progress through the successive geo.
logical era, but in each era from the
Potsdam deposits down to the present
there appears a series of forms Whlcn
show the general trend of development.
1t is true that the simple first form IN
each period is much more complex than
the corresponding form in the period
just passed, and also that the hnal
forms are in each case more highly
specialized, but these last forms are
not in direct relation with the series
just before or just following. After
a time, however, that is, in the tr1as-
sic era( just succeeding the carbonl-
ferrous, the final form in the series be-
gins to show signs of degeneration.
This is continued until we find forms
suggesting very strongly forms be-
longing to the earliest era, and the
first stages of development.
AS the characteristics of the lower
forms, retained through heredity, have
accumulated, they have at length be-
come SO numerous as to crowd one an
other, and we find the most essential
ones disappearing, until at length the
form stands stripped of what it had
taken millions of years to produce.
This period is called a cycle, and 1t
may seem remarkable to find that in
the development of an individual OF
the more complex forms we find repre-
sented all the stages in the cycle OF
the race.
At this point Prof. Hyatt presented
his second paper, Descriptive Method
of Presenting the Phenomena of the
Cycle of Evolution Among Cephalo-
pods" With the faith of science in
the certainty of natures laws, he de-
veloped a mathematical theory of rela-
ton between individuals of different
stages of development and in the diff
ferent eras. Of course, gaps occur in
the series of ferns as arranged &C
cording to the theory, but these are
found to be consistent relations be-
tween the stages represented upon
either side of the gap. According tc
Prof. Hyatt, then, we may anticipate
the time when biology shall be called
an exact science, through the applica'
ton of mathematical formula.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1901-02-07
PouRs WITHOUT sp1LLrNe.

The Improvement in measuring yes
sells illustrated below is intended for
use on vessels which as at present con-
structed cannot be filled to the brim
with a thin liquid without spilling a
portion of the contents when the at
tempt is made to pour them into the
receiving vessel. AS both customer
and salesman want accurate measure
ment and the latter dislikes to have
the measure dripping on the floor, the
invention may prove of practical value
to the storekeeper. The invention is
cheap, adding but little to the cost OF
the plain measure, and consists OF a
metallic lip attached to the upper edge
of the vessel. The popularity of the
device is that it tips downward in
stead of up, and only a slight tilt is
necessary to start the liquid running
into the receiver. AS the lip extends
out from the measure the liquid will
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1901-02-07

Recent studies of the geology of
Yellowstone Park have led to the
opinion that the waters of Yellow
stone lake, now the head of the yell
lowstone river, once flowed off south
ward into the Snake river. At that
time a comparatively small stream fol-
lowed the course of the magnificent
Yellowstone canyon, which had not
then been ~excavated to it's present great
ally gnawed it's way back until it cut
the divide enclosing the basin of the
lake, and by thus diverting the waters
of the lake formed the Yellowstone
river.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1901-02-07
DAIRY AND POULTRY.
INTERESTING CHAPTERS FOR
OUR RURAL READERS.
How Successful Farmers Operate This
Department of the Farm - A Few
Hints as to the Care of Live Stock
and Poultry.
Pasrage of enc Grout Rlll.

NSr0SO va n 0EOuS ~
Dairymen will be pleased to learn
that the Grout bill has passed the ma
iona house of representatives by a
vote of 1913 to 80. This is certainly a
big majority and shows that the sale
of ol-eomargarine for butter is not
c~ountenanced by a majority of the leg
tslators. The friends of oleomargarine
made a hard fight to keep the bill from
passing and tried to switch it from the
track by introducing a substitute. One
of the committee on agriculture of the
house is Representative Wadsworth
from New York. Being the chairman
OF the said committee he tried to use
MS position as a means of impeding
the progress of the bill. He introduced
a substitute for the Grout bill and
claimed that it would do the work.
Some Of the trimmers favored the sub
stltute, but when it came to a vote on
the substitute it was defeated by a
margin of sixty-five votes, the vote
standing 178 against and 113 for the
substitute. The bill as adopted pro-
vides for a tax of 10 cents per pound
on colored oleomargarine and reduces
the tax on the uncolored article from
2 cents per pound to II cent per pound.
An amendment was adopted to the eff
feet that the bill should go into effect
July l, 1901. The debate on the bill
was sharp and the excitement attend
ing it great. The oleomargarine inter
ests were present by their lobbyists
and exerting all the influence possible.
Mr.. Lorimer of Chicago was n Of
the chief defenders of the interests OF
the manufacturers of oleomargarine.
He claimed that depriving the manu-
~facturers of the right to color their
product to initiate butter was equiva-
lent to wiping out a great industry"
Mr. Grout (Vt.), the author of the
bill, declared the purpose of the bill
was to suppress fraud in the sale of
a food product by preventing the col
oring of oleomargarine in imitation OF
butter. Over 104, 000, 900 pounds OF
oleomargarine had been manufactured
and sold last yea That was about
one-ninth of the total butter consump-
ton of the United States.
DO you not think that the enact
ment of a substitute would prevent
fraud in the sale of oleomargarine?'
asked Mr.. Burke (Tex.).
II do not" replied Mr.. Grout. "The
public would have no more protection
than it has now"
Mr.. Grout produced figures to show
that oleomargarine cost less than {
cents a pound and was worked off or
the public by the retailer at from Is tt
80 cents a pound. He gave a practica
illustration of the manner in which
oleomargarine is sold by having
brought into the house a boxful o
packages which looked like butter
Each was wrapped in brown wrappins
paper. The packages were passed
around, and after they had been exam
ined Mr.. Grout defied any one to tel
whether they contained butter or oleo
margarine. Then he turned up a cor
ner of the wrapping paper which hac
been apparently carelessly foldet
down and displayed the printed sigl
"Oleomargarine."
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1901-02-07

petition. For cooking purposes there
will certainly be a demand for cleo, as
many city people now purchase it for
that purpose alone. The real reason
why the big manufacturers OF oleo
fight so fiercely for the color is not
that they are afraid that the industry
will perish, but because they know
they will not be any longer able to
gather the enormous profits that have
accrued to them in selling their prod
uct as something else other than what
it is.
1t is said by some writer's that the
color Of milk is due to the globules of
butter fat that are held in suspension
in it. 1t is further asserted that if all
of these globules could be removed
the milk would be almost transparent.
We doubt the assertion very much.
The color of the butter fat doubtless
exerts a great influence on the color Of
the milk, but we do not believe that it
does on the opacity.
. q
The dehorning of dairy COWS is COM
ing into practice more and more.
When possible they should be treated
in calfhood so that no horns will
grow, but when this has not been done
1t is better to dehorn them than to
permit the horns to remain. AS to
time of dehorning some dairymen ex-
press a preference for winter, as at
that time flies are not troublesome.
The COW should never be subjected
to the nervous strain attendant upon
dehorning at any critical period or
near it. Parturition is one of those
periods. The dehorning should not
take place within six weeks of the
time when the COW is due to calve nor
should it be done after .calving till
at least six weeks have elapsed
AS to the morals of d~ehorning we
think there is no question. Probably
the COW that is dehorned suffers nc
more than the man that has a couple
of teeth pulled. If the horns are not
removed other animals and even hui
mans have frequently to suffer.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1901-02-07
Rules for Churninr.

These, compiled at the Texas Elk
pertinent station, have some local and
climatic features, but in the main have
general application.
1. Rinse out the churn with cold wa
ter.
2. Scald thoroughly with hot water.
3. Wash out with ice water to cool.
CThe observance of rules 1, 5, 3, will
prevent the sticking of the cream or
butter to the walls of the churn.)
4. 1t is necessary to weigh the
cream, SO that the proper amount OF
salt and coloring matter may be de-
termined.
5. Strain the cream into the churn.
This will prevent white specks in the
butter. If the butter contains white
specks it is due to:
a. Failure to strain the cream.
b. Failure to stop the churn when
the butter is in the granular form.
C, Improper washing of the granular
butter.
d. An attempt to churn mixed lots"
of cream of different degrees of ripe
ness.
6. Churn at from 40 to so dogs. F.,
according to the season and nature of
the food.
a. In u climate too low a temper
allure cannot be secured during the
summer season. Better results will be
secured at this season if twenty to
forty pounds of ice is broken up and
-.A - IL -l..-n - IA H. - ~
a low temperature.
b. When the cream foams it is too
cold.
C. II the butter is crumbly the
churning temperature is too low.
d. Cream should be warmed by plac-
water (the water and cream should
have the same level) heating gently
and stirring constantly to insure even
heating and prevent cooking on the
sides of the can. Never apply steam
or hot water directly to the cream.
Z. Properly ripened, cream contains
from five to six-tenths of one per cent
of acid by Farrington's acidity test.
a. If more or less acid is present in
the cream the loss of fat will be very
considerably increased.
b.. Mixed patches of cream should
not be churned, and all cream should
be mixed at least twelve hours prev1-
Gus to the time of churning, and fire.
quently stirred to insure even ripen-
ing, and hence exhaustive churning.
c. Sweet cream does not churn as
exhaustively as acid cream and the re-
sulting butter is not so palatable mol
salable.
s. Start the churn slowly, thirty to
forty revolutions per minute. Remove
the air plug every few revolutions fol
the first five minutes and allow the gas
to escape. Gradually increase the speed
of the churn to forty to sixty revolu'
lions per minute.
9. Just when the butter breaks add
gallon of ice water in warm weather
and at a temperature of SO to 60 dogs
f. in cold weather, to the churn, ant
continue until the granules are the siz'
of wheat grains.
a. Whenever the lid of the church i
removed, it should be rinsed off with
dipperful of cold water, to prevent tn
waste of cream and for the sake O
cleanliness.
b. Do not allow any of the particle
of butter to be lost. They are wort
money and correspond to profit an
loss
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1901-02-07
\ COMBINATION PAIL-HoLDER.

stool and pail holder illustrated below,
with the idea Of providing a secure
place for the pail and yet permitting it
to be instantly removed when desired.
The front edge of the stool is cut out
in a semicircle, and at one side are
secured metallic straps which fasten
with a latch and form with the stool
a circular well into which the pail is
lowered. The milkman may now seat
himself on the stool and draw the lat
ter forward until the pail is catching
the treams of milk. This invention
should prove useful when the pail is
nearly full, if at no other time, as the
weight is then much increased and
fitting the pail must also be avoided.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1901-02-07
HOLDS MILK STOOL FIRMLY.

1t is a somewhat difficult task to
hold a MIX pail between the knees
while filling it with the tactical fluid,
and it is not always a wise plan to
set the pail on the floor beneath the
animals udder, both for sanitary rea-
sons and because of the danger of an
accidental upset. An Iowa inventor
has recently patented the combined
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1901-02-07
ANYTHING but Alias.

Mr.. Freeborn Jackson-Whad yoh
gwine name i'm, Laurelia?
Mrs. Jackson-Anyfing yoh lakes.
Anything, 'cept Alias. Ise noticed boys
O. that lame nevah comes to no good.
They're allus in the police cot
Brooklyn Life.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1901-02-07
Dairy Notes.

The different nations of Europe, as
well as the different colonies of Eng
land in Australasia, are paying more
attention than ever to the manufac-
ture of butter. Reports of the worlds
supply of butter last year show that
nations that were not previously
counted among the producers of good
butter are now coming to the front.
We might call attention even to ST.
IBERIA as an Asiatic country in which
the development of the dairy industry
has been described as almost mar
velous." Holland greatly increased
her production last year and the same
is true of the North of France. The
production in the Australasian coun-
tries was the heaviest ever known and
predictions are freely made that the
increase this year will be at least 20
per cent over that of last. Last year
more than 5000 boxes Of butter were
sent from New Zealand and Australia
ITO England.
The passage last week of the Grout
bill is encouraging news. 1t is GER
tain to operate to the interests of both
the producers of butter and the con-
sumers of butter and oleomargarine.
The producers of butter will now be
able to sell their butter without hav-
ing a spurious article placed before it.
On the other hand, the consumers of
oleomargarine will be able to purchase
the article named at a fair price in
stead of at an exorbitant price. The
manufacture of oleomargarine will not
be discontinued, but the consumers
will simply get used to it minus the
color. The reduction of the tax per
pound on the uncolored article to one
fourth of a cent will doubtless stimu-
late the manufacture of the uncolored
article and we have reason to believe
the present manufacturers will find
themselves again facing a brisk com
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1901-02-07
From Star to rebula.

Some of the astronomical photog-
raphs made at the Harvard observa-
tory reveal the fact that in April, 1899.
q new star appeared in the constella-
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1901-02-07

There is nothing upon the farm that
will give as steady an income as the
making and selling of good butter.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1901-02-07

When good butter Is finished 1t does
not usually contain more than IL per
cent of water.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1901-02-07

Allow nothing whatever kept in the
creamery except the cream and butter
and TIE machinery for handling them,
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1901-02-07

Why Denmark Makes Good Butter.
Prof. Marshall, of the Michigan Ag-
r%icultural College, U. S. A., las been
visiting Denmark, and has learned
some things there that he believes to
some extent explains why England
likes Danish butter. He enumerates
several reasons r..
1. Cleanliness in milking and in allN
butter-making operations.
/. Pasteurization of the cream,
which is at the present time practical
ly universal.
3. The rational use of starters.
4. Careful supervision of feed for
mich COWS.
5. The adoption of scientific prac-
tees in dairy factories.
6. The stimulus offered by their but
ter shows.
Z. The favorable location of their
country.
8. The absolute control of the export
trade by the butter committee.
The Wilmington daily Republican. (Wilmington, Del.) 1890-1902, 1901-08-21
SHERIFF
WILL HANG.

| 1t has been found that under th
law the sheriff and not the warden 0
the workhouse will hang all persons
condemned for murder.
There has been question for some
time as to where the duties OF thu
| sheriff ended and those of the trus
tees began in the punishment OF
prisoners.
1t was found that the chief warden
or some one designated by the trus.
tees must whip the prisoners, and
that the sheriff would not longer
have any duty In that line, and it
was generally supposed that some on e
delegated by the trustees OF the
workhouse would be compelled to
carry out the sentence Of the court
when capital punishment was to be.
inflicted.
1t has been found, however, that
the law gives no one but the sheriff
the power to hang prisoner sentenc.
ed by the court, and If there is an ex.
ccution the sheriff will have to jour
ney to GreenDank to inhict the pun.
iShment.
The enclosure in which tie prison.
ers will be whipped and placed in the
pillory. has been completed and a
shed placed over the section where
TIE whipping post and piIlory will be
located. This will protect the prs.
oners from storm while they are be-
being punished.
The post has not yet been erected.
Work is being pushed on all portions
OF the new workhouse, but it is not
expected to be ready for occupancy
on September 18th, which is the date
fixed.
In order to make better time some
OF the men employed In putting up
the steel cells are sleeping In the
workhouse so they will lose no time
in getting to and from their work.
This has already saved considerable
time. and the men can be comforta.
bly, kept in the workhouse building.
The new refrigerator has been
placed in position, and the plumbing
is being finished as rapidly as tho
steel cell work will permit.
The heavy rain Of Sunday tore
away some OF the embankment of the
artificial lake which was built at the
wo,khouse recently, and it was neces.
Sary to let out the water in order to |
avoid greater damage.
The damages are now being repair
ed and the work will be finished in a
few days. For time it was feared
that the lake would break its banks,
but letting out the water saved it.
The Wilmington daily Republican. (Wilmington, Del.) 1890-1902, 1901-08-21
AN ARMED
MOB RACES.

Pierce City, Mo, Aug. 2O.-For nearly
fifteen hours, ending about noon to day,
this town of 5000 people has boon In III !,
hands oia mob OF armed whites, deter
mined to drive every negro from Its pre-
cincts.
In addition to the lynchlng last night
Of William Cooley. accused Of the want on
murdor Of Miss Gnzelle Wild, and tho
shooting to death of his grandfather,
French Cooley. the mob TO day crsmated
Peter Hampton. an aged negro, In his
home set the torch to the houses OF five
blacks. and with the aid of State militia
rifles stolen from the local company's
arsenal, drove dozens of negroes from the
town.
After neon tho excitement died down,
tho mob gradually dispsrsing. more from
the lack OF negroes upon whom to wrsak
their hatred than from any other cause.
Many Of the negroes who fed the city
are hiding In the surrounding woods,
while others have gone greater distances
in seeking safety.
Every negro has left the town except a
few railway portsr', but they must also
leave. The citizens Of Pierce City say
that as negroes have committed several
crimes In the last ten years, none shall
live there In the future. The same fsaI.
Ing already exits at Monett. four miles
east Of Pierce City. and the end of the
Frisco passenger division. 1t may be
necessary for tho road TO change all port
ers In Springfield hereafter.
II Is now believed that the man VIII
liam Cooley lynchsd was not the real
oulprit. A negro named Starks, under
arrest at Tulsa, l. T., across tho border
from hers tallies exactly with the dsscrip
tion OF the assailant. He is held there
awaiting Identification. Unless the man
Is brought back here 1t Is believed thcro
will be no further trouble. II returned
he will surely 10 lynohed. Another sus.
pect Joe Lark, is under arrest in SPRING.
Geld, Mo.
Eugene Barrett, also known as Carter,
In confession whith rope around his
neck 10 day, accused Joe Lark. a Frisco
porter. Of being implica cd in the crime,
and Lark was arrested to day Ut SPRING.
field. This afternoon La,k gave detail
cd statement as to his whereabouts sun
day. and he is not believed to be guilty.
1t is not likely that either suspect will
be taken to Pleroo City while tho excite
ment runs high. Some persons hero
think Barrett told any ory in order to
save his life. The funeral OF Miss Wild
took place to day, and was witnessed by
several tt ousand people.
The Wilmington daily Republican. (Wilmington, Del.) 1890-1902, 1901-08-21
Showers Interfere With Crops,

Dover. Dsl., Aug co. The beach grow.
ers OF Kont county are looking anxiou.ly
at their orchards because of the copioui
showers that have visited this section
during the last week. The heavy rains
have done considerable damage to tho
fruit which Ia almost ready to pick and
they are longing for a few days OF good
weathsr that they may begin their work
IN earnest.
Former Assemblyman Robert H. Wilson
who owns the largest peach orchard In
the State stated today that he would have
be weenl 0. 600 and u. 900 baskets Of the
luscious Delaware product on his farm In
st. Jones' Neck. Mr.. Wilson will employ
about thirty five mon all Through the
season picking sorting ana packing.
Another hno orchard is that OF former
Sheriff Joseph Mcdaniel Of Dover. The
orchard is situated near Cheswold, a
busy shipping point on the Delaware
Road and will yield about 10O, 900 baskets.
The Wilmington daily Republican. (Wilmington, Del.) 1890-1902, 1901-08-21

was largely due to their Influence that
the members Of the association in this
city We're dissuaded from carrying out
their original intention of inauguratirg a
general strike in the Philadelphia shops
as reprisal for the alleged action Of n
few Philadelphia manufacturers in turn
ing ont work for New York shops in
which strikes have been in progress for
some weeks past.
The fact that 1t had been practically
impossible to prove that the work com.
planned of was being done for New York
manufacturers had much to do in shaping
the course of the Council. 1t was agreed
that it was better to defer action for the
present, in the hope that it would re pos
sible to secure conclusive evidence later
OH of the suspected collaboration of Phil.
adelphia clothing manufacturers with
New York manufacturers. If such cv.-
6enca can be secured, it was agreed that
ii should be presented Mt once. to the
National Council. which will determine
what course is to be pursued in such
case.