The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1901-05-21
WHERE WHEAT HAS
BEEN INJURED
Facts Stated by Agricul-
turaI College
Bulletin

sti6sA'er, Okla, May 2O.-A bulle-
tin treating Of methods Of manuring
tho soil has just been issued by the
Experiment station at saltwater Okla.
The Following is "a summary Of The
bulietin
Without going into details os td thc
various Considerations That may ahect
thc results of muuurinH, at thn present
stHrN of our agricultural urlcuco, IN.
chief points to bo cbscrycd are;
no manure The soil. Use all the mos
nute produced prevent los5cs hy wash
ing away ulit Burning straw, hnul the
manure onto the Fields s1mowher 8ont-
utue, somehow
Manure she highest aul poorest
spots give good application at ont
une-fro.n fifteen tO twenty two-h1rsa
lo,ds and manure auoth,g place next
time.
90 rainfall. 60 che next crop which is to
be grown and To- the other work. whlcn
muat hU done Late fali ana winter
when 0thet work s not pressing is
good time Light top dressing may De-
applied lo wheat in the gall
Growing crops for green manuriur
alone is not the most profitable method.
Pugture them and pillow under the ro-
mninacr wh9n about 10 inuture Tins
applies chiefly TO cowpcas lf sorghum
Be- 10 be pl0wei under, it should joe wnue
the stalks arc green aund Juicy $50 th1t
they wnl decay quickly
This bulletin ana other publications oi
tbc statlon VIII be sent 90 all who re-
quest them
THE GREEN LUusE W Nuh.i.
Il is Appropriate at this time 90 nct e
ti.e insect whose ravagrs in Whenf ~
trnl cotntics ot oklahoma have grrat
X reduced tho value 0f this year crop.
Hy extensive correspondence and by con-
wclalti0us With many wheat growers,
uniform testimony "a secured tiInt
throughout The regious named below ths
WLQ1S or grain louise hes greatN dam-
aE,N. this years crop lu fact the Joe
jury in some regions has been so great
that farmers have preferred 90 repidnt
the wheat ground To- some other crop.
A recommendation To this enecl was id-
serted in some of the newspapers of tine
territory some time ago.
The station received the nrstspccimcu
Of this louise early in April aud the enc
lomolCgist has since that time given
most OF his time TO "a thorough Invest
iERtiou OF the distribution and life his
tory of the insect. II became at once
apparent that the main damage was not
due 10 tie wen known grain louse(silu
puOphnra avraae), whose structure dnc
nfe history have been so well aired in
tho newspapers OF late our form du
fcrs from the one mentioned in seVorai
details md wiz soon be described az %
new ytrietg closely related TO the trde
grain lonss,
cund An tif following regions Cmcka-
saw aud Cherokee nations and CicEelduC.
Cane iill kinghsher, Lincoln, Logon
Noble, oklahoma. Payne, Pawnes and
fottNNf tnnne counties. In sons casos
a wa- noted that the general tre-ia vi
ti,s 'n.Prailons OF the insects was from
sauta tu nCrtn. The louise, like its ."t-
ter istpvI relative, Is capable Of vcrt
u a. fn HtH .
~ NtGihcg Males are unknown tad
thc r,fl,., ton rs by the process Clllco
fa'tLs : a,rcs's. or the giving birth o.
ttt i'iug y"rs. The vvapatous iD
males n', Nanr ess but enough via fsI
fsmahs a'c : d"t "a Go enable -he apc-
elcs 90 migrate from one field 20 another
IN search of food. These winged fee
males we're present ln iarge numbers
from about the middle of April 20 the
FIRST of May.
There Is no evidence that this louise has
true egg-stage. IL is probable that d
winters over n the adult stage and feed.
upon the leaves OF the wheat during
favorable weather during the entire win
ter The past winter was in some re
spects very favorable 70 the development
Of thc louise in large numbers and q
is not therefore matter for surprls,
that such hordes OF lice should have ap
pcared SO early IN the spring
Ih'le is no practical spraying methoc
TINT can be recommended against thii
insect pest Some have suggested spray
aug with the usual Kerosene emulsion
ana that would probably reduce tha
number N applied before they sl rca,
over so large an area as To maxi th
Our greatest hope lies, however, IN th
rapid multiplication and energy OF th
natursl enemies of this louise The mos
abundant and useful of these enemiea ID
Oklahoma Is surely one of the lady
bird" beetles hippodamia couvergeusl
This ~ nearly hemlspherical beetle au
Of rcdish yellow color with seborA
black spots ON the back. The hoad am
thOraX are black with rcdish yellow mar
WINS and the thorlN has two elongate
reidish yWloW spots.
The larvae of these beetles are eve
more rapacious and active than the ma
ture beetles The larvae Is "a Ions
active larvae with six legs OF more tina
usual length. The larva when it reache
maturity ourls uD ON some lenf or stei
aud changes to the pupa from white
tho mature beetle emerges in a few day
Tho beetle lives over Wiutl
in the mature stage in CreVlce
of trees and boards These lady Bird
beetles have appeared in such urg
quantities in sop,o parts OF Okahom
ihat the farmers have written 20 tue 20,
pertinent station for some remedy to q,
stroy them Evory whtut groWer shoul
look ON these beetles as hts best rien
and m 30 case allow them Go bee d'
atro,td
Specimens of the wheat louise apu vsi
aAally specimens oi an The beetles touu
in the wheat fields are very much dos.
ed hy .hc experiment station a' Sul
water and may be sent through the ma
Y inclosed In a tin or wooden hoN
The second steer feeding eNpCriMrut
the sories plgrncd by the Oklahoma ~
pertinent rtaCion to compare the feedu
vafae OF ltanr meal, corn meal, alfal
and kahr stOVer for fatteniuug steer
was completed April .. ,nd the stee
sold at Kansas CITY.
Tho steers used were two vear old rrai
Shorthonrs raised around saltwater ~
twenty head averaged 1920 pounds
November 6, the beginning OF the eNpe
imcnt and lA9 pounds al the close. Ap
They wore fed ia four lots OF n
steers each as follows, for l5i dava;
Lot J. l<ahr meal and Alfalfa hay.
Lot ~. Corn meal and alfalfa has.
lot III. Kahr meal and kafir stow,
Lot ~ Corn meal and kafr stoyer
The season WAS "a very favorable ot
and the steers did we'll The foilowil
gains were made per lot la i5l days
lot I, ilO pounds; Lot ~. tl2 pound