New-York tribune., 1901-11-17
HEIRS TO THRONES.
THE DISTINCTIVE TITLES BY WHIC4
SOME OF THOSE IN EUROPEAN
MONARCHIES ARE KNOWN. :

OnIy five of the mOnarchies OF the Old World
provide the heirs apparent to their thrones
with distinctive titles. fact which is srsuEnt
to mind by the action of King Edward in sig-
nalizing his sixtieth birthday by the grant OK
the style and dignity of Prince of Wales to the
Duke of Cornwall. In Holland the heir to tne
throne is usually known as the Prince OF OF
ange in Greece as the Diadokos. in Russia az
the Czarowitch, and in Spain as Prince of tn
Asturias-
Up to the date of the Paris revolution Of 1880
which Witnessed the final overthrow and exiIA
Of the senior branch Of the royal House OK
Bourbon the son and heir of the King OF francs
was officially known the Dauphin The Iast
bearer OF that title was the eldest son OF King
Charles X who, having previously been KNOWN
the Duke of Angouleme assumed the style oS
Dauphin his fathers accession to the throne,
in 1924. He died in exile twenty years later
having at the time of his fathers compulsory
abdication in 1880 endeavored vainly to pre-
serve the throne to his house by renouncins hrs
rights to the crown in favor of his murdered
brothers little son, who reigned for a few hours
as Henry ", but banished along with his
grandfather and uncle, and who lived ID Austria
as the Comte de Chambord-
The title of Dauphin is a very ancient one.
When the Kingdom of Aries. in the South d9
France was broken up, a large part thereof
known as the Dauphne, seized by enc OK
the Counts de Vienne who assumed the arrns
of the Dauphine, namely. dolphin, and 1n
bravado styled himself the "DauPhin, OK
Dolphin" a surname which likewise borne
by his successors The last Of his line, DauPhfu
Humbert III, ceded his dorninions. comprising
the Dauphine and the Viennois. TO King PHI
nppe VI OF France in 1343, the condition.
that the Kings eldest son should be styled the
Dauphin. and soon afterward HumS-rt retired
to a monastery. where he died monk
The strange fatality which seems to have
dogged the footsteps of those who have borne
the titles peculiar the heirs to the thrones OF
the monarchical powers enumerated ABOVE
showed itself particularly relentless in the case
OF the Dauphins OF France Indeed, the fate Of
the last of them but remains shroueed to
this day in the most impenetrabie mystery, and
there is end to the controversies which stin
exist concerning the lot OF the unfortunate son
of King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette.
Some contend that he succumbed boy to
the maltreatment OF his jailer at Paris, in the
last decade of the eighteenth century. Otherz
insist that he escaped from prison. and was
brought up as a matchmaker in the Netherlands
under the name of Naundorff. dying at Delft
in Holland Louis of Bourbon. Duke Of Nor
mandy: while others. again, are equally positive
hat. after ha wing been sInuggled out Of prison,
he was brought to this country. and died here
Some day. perhaps. this affair will be eIucf-
dated. For. now that all doubt To the identity
If tn, Man the Iron Mask has been cleared
Ip. 1t is reasonable to expect that some of the
ess remote mysteries of old World history win
not remain forever unreveaIed.
In Russia the title of Czarowitch. like that o<
Dauphin in France, bears 20 the students Of
history sound more or less ornnous being
associated in their minds with every species
If unhappiness and tragedy In fact, in Russia
me would almost be tempted to believe that
he very fact of prince being styled Czaro-
gitch is sufficient to mark him out as q victim
II fate; and it is significant that the present