davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-06-05
Kipling's Latest Poem.

London, June 1.-THE Times pub
fishes a stirring poem by Rudyard
Kipling, entitled bridge Guard In the
Kaarroel' II describes the dreary
monotony Of troops guarding lines Of
communication. Picturng the arrival
Of train, the poet says:
Quick ere the gift escapes US
Out Of the darkness we reach
For a handful Of week-old papers
And a mouthful Of human speech.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-06-05
CONDEMNS
! The BOER WAR
.,,i,b Losses at Battle Of
J yIakfonteIn'
/. nixon WAS SURPRISED
n.rlpnnsa Win ss''l-"''
p'I W" 70, n,ached the Police
~ stage Yet

,,,e John Morley'says
~ Yo'N, latch from London mas
h'uns u', noted as one Of the best
~, pee, .oeasers in Great Britain .a,an ana ia
Jiiofn op ,' nnbeld his reputation IN
'ain..y at Montrose. While 81, Sir
y f''ps e. ,,nbell. Bannerman a Re"
BOZ Va' T5lnburgh was content TO
h go AZ ',lornment with spending a
VI ''' > in order to bring the nos
- no !, south Africa to a successful l
BIZ y Mr.. Morley denounced the
,ti'i'a's, %. nolicy Of the British gov
., ' ',o led up to it in no unc ,,..l.,
|rS'h Wv Nothing perhaps, serves
si'a 1lyisIon on this question III
VA :, u Of Die liberal party
spy OF yLAKFoNrEIN'
!, lime 5.--A dispatch to the
glgsrSa,r London says; Military
~ ron n, surprised when the ON
| = n's no, SUI batfle at Vlakfonteln
| ! eHJ o. .. '|J They had sus-
" W S'' t6e heavy British losses i',
NJ iIV Uaor attack was a surprise,
b y ~ DJ guessed that the rear gua IRA
lgsa ao' ,orce had been rushed ana
lIoh' . ,v had been Temporarily
| M Wo h I, the main body could
al.isl S sor their recovery rms en- =
sulel W. Ooc,cnrred further west thah
pFH'l,, ". V' rrenortcd, and communlca-
nsi lI'' pretoria were interrupted
ta WY, ,na,rbt with desperate energy
N1s i ,vsIpnised after he had secureu
.',srt alyantages' .ooched
lSai3 u" stage The Beers proved
O. Ielw ,Sat they could plan d pat
Ea au. ., an and while they were
WV N hey made an elfeGtiy !,
f'ti . uli Of fighting force, when
'ti9I' ,,sH 10 put an end to all ru-
s'aa '' aaa.e ', negotiations. This Is the
soh o Kan which Mr. Kruger $
lils'p' ], sdyisers in Holland place upon
E0ap " ,S.--,nressibIe conflict goes on,
~ ,s D', Of courage on the Boer
ia
Evening star., 1901-12-14

there are, but good ones, too, although ex-
perience alone will disclose the inmates
character At one of the public functions
In a correctional institution there was mu-
sopranos was boy with curly hair and the
race OF an angel. woman visitor was
smltten to tears at the sight Of him, and
the pure, sweet quality of his voice. "Oh
what could have brought him here?' she
asked. 1T isn't possible that he ever did
anything wrong. Oh, Mr.. Blank, won't
you please ask that keeper what that boy
ever did to bring him here" And Mr
Blank did 1t. And the keeper answered !:
Little dam cuss. he's the worst case we've
got here. I wish he'd die" So the tears
Tor the angel child were more or less
wasted.
There is fair average Of health. consid-
ering. at Elmira. Cell room is more ade-
quate than in some Of the prisons, each
apartment measuring twelve by ten feet
Slip of carpet Is allowed to an occupant. but
no rug. lest there should be splendors and
Jealousies By the same token, the only
ornaments permitted are family photo
graphs Precautions are taken to prevent
the drinking Of unboiled water, and the
sign. "Danger!' Is hung over the faucets
IN the shops. Doubling up Is condemned.
but practiced, for there are 1880 men to
put into 1924 cells The moral effect of the
crowding Is probably worse than the physi-
cal, but until the rich and progressive state
OF New York creates a modern, graded vet
uniiled system OF prisons, with more elas-
tlclty both OF court practice and prison
methods. there will be ground for com
plant.
Yet, there are not many hospital cases.
thanks to ample feeding and wholesome ex-
ercise and employments. CONSUMPTION is
most dreaded of all vlsitations. The crimi-
nal Is a defective, he Is physically handf-
capped, and he is three times as liable to
consumption as are others. AS a rule he
dies early, not merely because he has been
olssipated and diseased and ill-nourished.
but because he began life with so small a
capital OF vitality, his parents having lit
tie TO give to him. The consumptiyes en-
Danger the health of others in the institu-
tlon, and are sometimes sent back to their
families before it Is time to parole them
All nationalities are represented, and I
asked one OF the keepers which one predom-
mated. He looked at me thoughtfully as II
wondering whether it were safe to impart a
secret and he said: About 4S per cent of
mean by that? "'o ne
considering that 81 per cent of all tbe
youth VINO have been sent to Elmira are
salo TO nave been absolutely without moral
sense-moral Idiots, in fact-the magnitude
OF the task which has been undertaken NAV
pe imagined. But in the excellence Of the
results Elmira has more than Justified r..
selr II mas set an example that the world
Is preparing to follow.
Evening star., 1901-12-14

New York-nine-tenths Of all inmates are
from the cities, with New York far in the
lead-is questioned and examined by the su-
perintendent to determine his physical con-
dition, mental and moral status and possi-
bilities, and In due time he is put into
class, where he must learn the things that
he has commonly avoided learning at the
public school. He Is likewise sent to a
trade school to learn to make shoes or paint
signs or do some one of many things. Also,
he is put into the awkward squad and de-
livered into the hands of a drill sergeant,
with instructions to convert him into SOL
dier, or as near like one as possible.
Liberty by Degrees.
After he has been subjected to these
lifting and benignant influences for a sea-
son he is put to the test. He is released
on parole, work being Invariably found
for him in advance, the agreement be-
ing to report at the beginning Of every
month his whereabouts, his occupations
and his behavior Usually this report Is
substantiated yb an employe or guardian,
and usually it is satisfactory. If he omits
to report, or attempts to run away to some
Evening star., 1901-12-14

other state, the detectives are after him,
and he is back at the reformatory with
foolish countenance and self-reproaches in
his heart.
During the last school year 1900 Of the
young fellows who would elsewhere have
been drifting about the Bowery and other
such resorts were equipped with better
understandings and taught to use their
hands. The trades here are barbering,
bookbinding, brass-smithing, bricklaying,
cabinet making, carpentry, cloth cutting,
dynamo tending, frescoing, hardwood fin
ishing, horse-shoeing. house painting, iron
forging, machinist, machine wood working,
molding, music, paint mixing, plastering,
plumbing. printing, shoemaking sign paint
ing. steam fitting, stenography and type
writing. stone cutting, tailoring, telegraphy,
tinsmithing and upholstering.
oldest Glass of All.
oldest Of the school divisions Is the ethi-
cal class. Mind, this Is not to be con-
founded with religious teaching. There
are Protestant, Catholic and Hebrew SER
Evening star., 1901-12-14
New York's Reformatory at Elmira
is Up-to-Date.
GOOD CONDUCT AVAILS MUCH
What is Done for the Betterment
of the Inmates.
A long STEP FORW ARD
A LONG STEP FORW AR D

Written for The Evening Star.
With the establishment of the New York
State Reformatory at Elmira step was
taken in the march of progress that there
IS no retracing 1t beat down the hindering
weeds of prejudice and fogyism, and made
more plain the way for what must follow
Until that time We in this progressive
country, had given little thought to the
problems of the criminal, and We still give
far too little for our own profit and safety
Until that time the criminal was, in our
view, an outlaw. as he still is, and without
hope or chance of change, as he is not.
1t is to Zenas r. Brockway that the Of
fender owes new hope and brighter
chances. This mans life of four-score has
been devoted to the study of the criminal
and management of prisons. He urged the
adoption of the indeterminate sentence for
young offenders. whereby a superintendent
assuming that he is man of intelligence
and qualified TO Judge might shorten
convict's punishment and restore him to a
useful and honorable life, when he saw
that in the character and behavior of any
one of his charges which would warrant
his release. This he can do by suggestions
10 the board of managers. Criminals are
alike in the eyes of the law. Courts deal
only with results, never with causes The
boy who, in a tit of passion, or when
tempted by hunger, or when under the in
DuenCe OF evil associates, lapSeS into crime,
though for the one time in his life, is to be
dealt with harshly the professional
thief, the constituencies brigand.
The RefOrmatOry Plan.
And 1t Is significant that In no instance
has any state gone back to the old Mosaic
or vindictive law when the spirit of Chris
tianity appeared among it's people and has
declared itself in legislation or In practices
that give to the criminal the chance that is
his warrant by virtue of his earlier lack of
chances Wherever the reformatory method
has been installed it has stayed and in
stead of growing narrower it is ever widen
ing. 1t is trite old proverb, that vinegar
never catches flies, but molasses does. and
to the wonder of the world 1t has been
proved within the century that gentle
methods encourage gentle conduct, while
harshness brings out answer of all the
harshness that is in the nature of the re-
cipient.
Elmira is pleasant little city of thirty
odd thousand, high, cool and inclosed by
hills of heavy outline that border the Che
ulung valley and are whitened with snow
as late as April The reformatory with it's
appertaining shops and the farm that sup
Evening star., 1901-12-14

tendent. IL he has no power to punish. It
will suffice to tell of famous burglar who
served a term or two in Elmira. He was
the son of thief, and his mother was
shoplifter, so the best was not to be ex-
pected of him. One evening, while he was
at the end of line of men descending the
gallery stairs, he seized lighted lamp ana
hurled it among his comrades. The burn
ing oil, flying in all directions, might nave
killed several of them and might also have
set fire to the stairs and galleries, but by
a miracle 1t did not. And the only reason
for this act was that the fellow wanted ex-
citement, or felt ugly. Isn't that case for
spanking? Wouldn't it be at home? How
much more so, then, in an institution where
wrong heads might be moved to initiate
himl
A Canadian convict, when assigned to a
shop, said: Eve never worked day In
my life, and I'm id If I'll do it here"
He was trfced up and fogged, and from
that day he worked.
One does not feel very amiably toward a
person who has inflicted physical pain or
injury on him, but If the purpose Of the
pain was correctional the victim may come
in the later years to look upon the matter
in a forgiving or even in grateful spirit.
One of the fellows who had been padded at
Elmira extended his hand to the superin-
tendent, as he was about to leave, and
said: "I thank you, Mr.. Brockway, for
what you have done for meat both ends. :"
Another instance comes from another in
Stitution. The superintendent was one day
passing through the shoe shop attached to
the prison. when a young Cuban. smarting
under some vague sense of wrong, caught
up shoe knife and made a stab at him.
The outcry Of another convict caused the
man to turn in time to avoid the blow. He
said never word He wrested the weapon
from the young fellows hand, led him by
the arm to a corner, threw him across his
knee. took a shoe sole from a table, and
gave him a good, old-fashioned, paternal
dressing down. 1t was the first time In
his life that the Cuban had ever had this
experience and the last time it was needed.
Years after the superintendent met this
graduate, who shook him warmly by the
hand and thanked him for the spanking.
1t had been a turning point in his career.
He was now prosperous and respectable and
the head of a big factory. Moral: Be
spanked and own factories.
Not Always Truthful.
Appearances do not always tell the truth
in reformatories. If they did one would
say that the reformatory contained large
proportion Of hard citizens; whereas it is
known that most Of them are first offen-
ders, parented by the wrong people, more
sinned against than SHINING. Hard faces
Evening star., 1901-12-14

plies much Of food to It, stands on a slope
and enjoys view. Many of its occupants
are in rooms that do not command much
OF this view, and even in the yards their
outlook is limited, for the usual high wall
is built about the structure and the usual
guards, with guns. walk along its top and
watch from their platforms and coming
towers. \ long, fair lawn spreads down be-
fore the building and gives dignity to that
structure-an architectural performance
that has a certain old-fashioned pomp, but
Is over Ornamented on the outside with
gables and turrets and conical roofs. Sim
plicity is best becoming to prisons and
nothing better for the purpose was ever
devised as to external architecture than
the medieval castle, which has fitness, since
the ancient dOnjons were the prisons of
their time.
The main building Of the reformatory is a
long construction, from which three wings
are given out TO the rearward, and the cir
cult of the whole cell block as made by
watchmen on bicycles, is half mile.
Good Conduct, Early Release.
The inmate-he is never called a prisoner
or a convict-has hope of an early release
so long as he behaves himself. He is sent
TO Elmira for the very purpose of securing
II, If he proves worthy. determinate sem
tence imposes, we VIII say, a term of five.
years for a certain sort of stealing. II the
thief is young he can be sent to the re-
formatory. and there held for the whole five
years, should he be stubborn, disobedient
and have no wish to progress; but IL he Is
an average inmate he may leave in year.
Some have left in a year and half, and
the average time for each man is but two
and a half years. 1t is commonly supposed
that the institution IS for boys alone, but
such Is not the case 1t is for offenders
between the ages of sixteen and thirty but
X one were TO be sent, say at the latter age,
on a charge that carried with 1t a maxi
mum penalty Of ten years. he could be de-
tanned there till he was forty. There are
few instances of this sort, and the average
fN-t trxyn he -
tenders there are other institutions, like the
btate Industrial Schols at RandaE's ISL
and, New York city and Rochester.
In Elnfira the lad who is sent there from
Evening star., 1901-12-14
Wine Output of the World.

tr0m the LONDON chronicle.
In the supplement issued with Tho
Chamber Of Commerce Journal of this
month there are given special reports on
the Paris international exhibition of last
year. In the report en- vine culture Sir
James Biyth enumerates the ascertained
results Of the wine industry Of the world
The total production Of wine In 1900 is put
down at 8,61S7O0.0O0 gallons. OF this to-
tai. 3.4O3. 100000 gallons were produced in
Europe and 100000 gallons in America,
while the British empire, with a vastly
larger area than Europe and embracing
every variety Of soil and climate, is only
represented by a production of son2e 5000
600 gallons. or four-hundredth part of
the whole. France, with a yield of ,4s2,-
100000 gallons. stands easily first as the
leading wine producer. Her contribution
was about half the yield Of all Europe
and considerably more than a third of that
Of the entire globe.
Evening star., 1901-12-14
Sanitation In Middle Ages.

From the New York Sun.
The Greeks and Romans paid special at-
tention to the physical culture Of their
youth, to public water supplies and baths,
and Athens and Rome were provided with
sewers early In their history. During the
middle ages, sanitation received a de-
cided check Ignorance and brutal pre1u-
dice prevailed and this was the most in
sanitary period in history. Most European
towns were built compactly and surround
ed by walls. The streets were narrow and
winding and light and air were excluded.
The accumulation Of filth was frightful.
STABLES and houses were close neighbors.
The dead were buried within the church,
yards or in the churches. Wells were fed
with polluted water. All conditions were
favorable for the spread of infectious dis
eases, and In the fourteenth century alone
the oriental or bubonic plague-the black
death Of recent historians-carried of a
fourth Of the population Of Europe The
plrthrate was much less than the death
rate normally. The cities had to be contin-
ually re-popuiated from the country.
Evening star., 1901-12-14
The Texas Ranger,

From Leslies Monthly.
What is a Texas rangerf We all have
heard Of him, but few Of US have heard
Alright, and the images called up by men,
tion Of the name are likely to be as various
as the listeners. By many he is regarded
as sort Of legalized vigilante, ruling
through the right evolved Of necessity in
the realm Of where the six-shooter is the
only arbiter. To others he is merely
mounted policeman, whose beat Is marked
by miles instead of blocks. A still more
general impression Is that he Is militia
man, whose services may be called upon
to thwart or capture law-breakerS when
the regularly appointed officers are unequal
to the task. But down in Texas the word
means none Of these things Rather 1t
means all Of them and much besides. To
learn what he Is and what he has done one
cannot do better than to travel over the
great region between the Colorado and the
coyotes, cattle rustlers and Mexican con-
trabandistos, Indian marauders and white
men who had gone through the whole cur
riculum Of crime, but now transformed by
the work Of the rangers into a well-set-
tied, peaceful and prosperous section of
the greatest state in the Union. For years
these riders of the plains and sand wastes
represented the only personification of the
law that was either respected or feared.
The string of mounted ranger scouts that
daily patrolled the ground between these
two rivers was the only thread that bound
western Texas to more formal civiliza-
ton. Even today it Is the ranger whose
presence means security to life all along
the border
Evening star., 1901-12-14

vices at stated intervals, but attendance
is not compulsory on any Of them. In the
ethical class, which meets on Sunday, the
effort OF the leader is to shape the de-
bates and discussions that the men will
md themselves arguing for better behavior
and persuading one another against i'm
morality and giving the reasons for their
new attitude. One of the brightest de-
baters at one of the sessions which I at
tended had been sent to the reformatory
for forgery. To hear him talk on egoism
and altruism, or self-sacrifiee and social
duties, was absolutely refreshing And
there was never doubt that he meant it.
Another case was not so promising. The
professor in charge called an intelligent
looking chap TO his feet, and, following the
line of argument, which was that We are
= to do right not merely from the NOV
ings OF conscience, but because right Is
public policy and the only possible basis
for society, he said:
Now, Smith, hear good reports Of you
Ihey tel me you are getting on we'll in
your studies; that you have learned your
trade, you have been promoted in your
company. Now this means that you are
working hard Why?"
And Smith did not say that 1t was be-
cause his conscience prodded him, or that
he wanted to be altruistic He merely re-
marked Cause l want to get OUT
On admission the young man Is put into a
SUIT or rusty black and sent to the trade
school and the school of letters In six
months, If he has shown progress, he is
- hneeo from the pidch TO the blue class,
which is distinguished by a dress of gray
blue. and which enjoys certain privileges.
such as that Of talking during meals, and
obtaining wider variety in his ration. II.
however, he does not advance, is sulky or
obstreperous, and requires discipline he is
degraded into the red class, where he may
tnink that he looks prettier, on account OF
MS crimson breeches and jacket but where
ne certainly cannot feel prettier. After six
months In the blue class he Is eligible for
parole, and after six months ON parole he
Is eligible to release.
When Spanking IL Needed.
AS an instance of what one may have to
put up with when he Is a prtson s,,nerin-
Evening star., 1901-12-14
Lisbon's Plague of Rats.

Lisbon has been suffering from pest Of
rats. for which the general antidote Of
cats. traps ana poison proved abortiye. Az
a last resource bacilH were employed, and
the municipal doctors were commissioned to
inoculate some rats with an infectious dis
ease. A suitable virus, harmless to man,
was found. a few rats captured and inocu-
lated and then released. The experiment
proved great success, for the bacillus
rapidly spread and the rats died with won
derful rapidity. SO that In very short time
the city was freed from the rodents It Is
now proposed to clear vessels from rats in
same way.
Evening star., 1901-12-14

leather ('wash leather'o gloves, with a
white pearl button, are much pushed by
prominent shopkeepers in the West End. 1
fancy that there are rather large stocks of
these things, which have not at all caught
on, few men caring for a glove which Is
really only fit for the person who generally
used wash-leather gloves aforetime-to wit.
the housemaid. Fur-lined gloves of tan-coI-
ored doeskin, reindeer or buckskin, though
more than outdated, are still greatly worn.
for the simple reason that as a matter OF
fact no lined glove looks so well, or so
little tends to the swollen. oedematous ap-
pearance which lined kid or dogskin gloves
are apt to present.
Handkerchief and Cravats.
The pocket problem always becomes
rather acute about this season Of the year.
because. with so many colds about most
men like to carry full-sfzed handkerchief,
and no man is reasonable enough to like his
pockets to bulge in consequence. A tre-
mendous revival Of silk pocket handker-
chiefs has occurred lately, especially the
kind which used to be called a bandana in
the hfties and sixties, not the totally diff
ferent thing to which that name was ap-
piled year or two ago. The old bandana
had bright red center, with sort of
cone pattern border, and had two seivedge
edges and the other two small hemmed
ones, for in those days hemstitching was
not. Well, precisely this has been greatly
revived, and also silk handkerchiefs Of the
more recent sort.
In the cravat department the only novelty
Is new method Of tying the sailor knot
which Is certainly ingenious and may have
rather run. 1t is a moderate-sized sailor
knot tied inside out, or rather hind part
before, so that the part which is usually
next the shirt is forward and vice versa
This makes rather a handsome knot. 1t is
worn with gold safety pin straight across
the bottom of the barrel, where the apron
begins, and I mention with regret that
many Of these pins have on them an enam-
eled lady-btrd, you would call 1t a lady
bug, the little red flying beetle, classified by
naturaltsts as coccinella septempunctata
which Is very inartistic and in the worst
Of taste. -N..-
Evening star., 1901-12-14
No Apology Needed.
From the Chicago Tribune.

From the Chicago Tribune.
Not to take up your time any longer. !"
said the life insurance agent who had been
holding forth for ten minutes or more. 'T
will only say"
MY dear fellow" said the professor,
you haven't taken up q particle Of INV
time. Since you began to talk I have
thought out two French puns that can be-
translated into English"
Evening star., 1901-12-14

"Bixby sent the minister ten reasons for
not going to church, but he left out the
main one."
what Is that?'
He stays away because his wife doesn't
make him go."-Cleveland Plain Dealer.
Evening star., 1901-12-14

AS an instance Of what one may have to
put up with when he is prison superin-