davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-06-29
Fossil Bacteria.

French savant NJ. H. Rcnaut, has been con.
ducting Tor some years past n study OF the min
ute organisms to he found in the Combustble
fossils, and has recently published superb vol
umc, with illustrative plates, giving the results
OF his investigations as they now stand. Most III.
tercsting among these results is the discovery
of the enormous antiquity OF those microscopic
bacteria which have become highly interesting
TO medical science from the part which they
have been found 10 play in nearly every form Of
disease to which flesh is heir. VI. Renaut has
found these, in connection with other inmate
organisms throughout the entire range OF ioS'
sil vegetation, from that of the most recent peat
deposits TO that of the earliest coal beds aad
bituninous schistS Of the Carboniferous age.
More surprising still, he has found that the va
ro,is palaeozoic hints that occur in certain coal
basins and other deposits are rich source OF
fossil micro organisms These hints contain all
manner OF vegetable tissues, and NJ. Rcnault finds
these permeated with bacteria and fungi, The
silica has preserved everything with great ey'
actneSs, and the Illustrations of microscopic or
gansms in this matrix are much clearer than
those from the fossil combuStbes Some Of
these are older than the coal measures.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-06-29
Women as Telegraph and Telephone
Operators.

The employment OF women in The telegraph
and telephone services OF countries outside the
United States, it is stated in the different con-
sular reports, that the admission of women to
the telegraph service dates back about thirty
ycars The chief reason OF their introduCt ion
into this industry was the steady reduction Of
the rates of the kilograms and the resulting ne.
cessity OF cheaper labor, 1t was also found,
however. that women We're better fitted for the
telephone service than men. Only men are en-
ploYed in some European offices, among which
are those OF Turkey and Greece, and Montenegro
In Belgium and spain women are still employed
in the telegraph service, but new appointments
are no longer made. For admission the main re.
qurement is understood to he that the person
must have a clean record md good health. In
some countries such as Germany, Austra'llun'
gary and Switzerland, only persons without bodily
defects are admitted, while in France the author.
ties demand further that the applicants have a
minimum height OF five feet, the same minimum
height being required in England for positions in
provincial cities, towns and villages. In Ger
many the applicant must he absolutely free of
debts and both German and French regulations
also demand that he has never been fined or pun
ishcd by any public court In Victoria the appl'
cant has TO he lifc.insurcd The minimum ag"
for admission varies in the different countries be
tween II and rs wears, and the maximum aSc
wherever stipulated, - years. IN exception Is
made in Germany, where the maximum age for
admission is put at 10 wears In some countries
for instance Germany, Holland, Japan, Ncw South
Wales, New Zealand and Victoria, the applicants
must either he unmarried or childl'SS widows
other countries, like Russia and England on'y
demand that the candidates be unmarried Or
widows. which was also the Ca'c in spain dS
long as women We're admitted The French rcgu
lations do not contain special paragraph rclai
ing to c.yi! life, and married women, ghls,
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-06-29

widows, as well as divorced women. are admit
ted to the service. In nearly all cases. however,
women have 10 quit the service after they are
married In Sweden the empoye may remain
in the service after marriage, providing the hus-
band is also employed in the telegraph service.
This rule obtains also in Russia, Roumana, Bll
garia and New South Wales. Only in Belgium
are the female employees allowed to marry In
Italy a strong incentive is given to efficient and
faithful service by rule that only the female
employees who have been appointed superintcnd-
ents are allowed TO stay in the service after mar
riage. In England the employees vino marry re-
ceive on retiring an indcmnifcaton in the form
of a months salary for each year Of active ser
vice. The average working time in the differ
ent countries varies between seven and eight
VoTs. In many countries women are en-.
ploycd during the day hours, while at night time
men take their places. In Italy the candidates
must speak and write French as well as Italian.
The same rule holds good in Holland where in
addition they have TO have an elementary knowl-
edge OF the German and English languages In
Sweden applicants have to have a certain knowl-
edge Of French, English and German.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-06-29
"Bonzoline" Billiard Balls

The growing scarcity OF ivory will inevitably
bring bonzoline balls more and more into use IN
billiard rooms. The ivory balls used in the
recent championship match were aftcrward sold
for u guineas, and a set that has been in use
for twelve months and can be relied upon to
keep true is almost priceless, There is an i'm
preston abroad that the Billiard association is
opposed to the Use of bonzoline balls, but The
World of Billiards declares that this is not 50.
1t is rarely, indeed, that a bonzoline ball gets
out of shape and their absolute accuracy is an
immense point in their favor On this account
they are quite uncqualled for pool and pyramids,
and in very few years time it is quite certain
that nothing else will be used for those games.
Then, ivory balls are utterly useless in empcra.
turc like that OF Africa or India. Bonzolinc
balls, on the contrary seem to he unaffected by
heat or cold, while il is another small point in
their favor that they are colored all through and
never need anything in the way of re'dyeng. Oi
course, they do not ''pluy' exactly like ivory
balls and week two of steady practice is
necessary in order to accusom ones self to the
change.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-06-29
Non- Permanence of Weight.

Science for Feb. -, 1871, has the following
interesting remarks upon some experiments by
lIcyd-Weiler which, llr Others hy I.oudolt,
seem to show that some chemical reactions are
accompanied by a slight change Of total weight.
These experiments have been interpreted by somc
reviewers as throwing doubt upon the axiom of
the conservation matter. This axiom il not,
however, incompatible" with variation ot total
weight in chemical or even in physical changes
II il should be found, for example, that the
weight of a eTrn amount uf lead and OF a
given amount Of oxygen varied with physical
and chemical conditions, q standard state of lead
and standard state OF oxygen would have to
would always have To be- weighed. and the prn-
ciplc Of the conservation nj matter would have
to lac rc.stattd in this form: Given mu"h
lead and mUrh oxygen measured by weighing
under standard conditions, then, whatever
changes Ihc>o substance, undergo, the amount
of each i, found to he unchanged ii both arr
brought back to standard conditions and
weighed.
Marathon of weight with pn>cal and chcm,' al
conditions woull 10 doubt, throw light upon
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-06-29
Movements of Pe0Dle

Miss Lille Mackcy was in Montrosc yesterday
Mr. ", d, Zchnder has returned from Buffalo
Mr. G.. b. Pcnman returned from Harrisburg
last night,
Mr. and Mrs. John G. Sherwood have returned
from Boston.
Miss Boics will so to Lake George for a fort.
night next week.
Attorney 4. Dimmick, OF nonesdalc, spent yes.
.Crday in the city
Miss Amy Jessup is visiting friends in New
York and vicinity.
Tn. Misses Archibald will visit friends in Poush,
tecpsie next week.
Mis-. II. NJ Scranton has returned from visit
In Hartford, Conn
Miss Jean lIaight, Of New York, is the guest
II Mrs. f. s. Godfrey.
Dr.. II. II. Gibbons, OF Wyoming avenue, spent
yesterday in Honesdale,
Mr.. Winirea Northup has returned from Buffalo,
after a few days absence.
Mr.. S. W. Hayes will 20 to Block Island this
week for the blue fishing.
Dr.. W. G, Fulton lett yesterday for salmon
fishing trp in Nova Scotia
Mr.. Arthur Ronimus, of Brooklne, Mass, Is
the guest Of Mr.. Max Bessell,
MIR. and Mrs. Leon Levy and family, OF Wilkes.
Barre, are visiting in this city.
Rev DIR. Mcleod and family have gone TO East
Hampton, l.. l., for the summer.
Mrs Horace j. Gibbons, of Wyoming avenue
Is visiting al Syracuse and osdensburs.
Dr. Reed Burns, wife and children, are visiting
thu Pan. American exposition at Buffalo.
Dr. q. T. and Dr. C. l.. Hill and their wives
returned home last night from Florida.
Miss Agnes Lanhan and Miss Gertrude cassidy
Il Mikss.BsIye. who have been the guests OF
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-06-29
! ssc7al; -: : 5;;;,@ .
VI s. 1ersuna1

| tho Misses Mahon, Of Mulberry street, returned
| home yesterday.
| Mts. John knittc, Of Jefferson avenue. sailed
| for Germany on the Natcrland. Wednesday.
| Mrs. Albert Miller, Of Moscow was the guest
OF Scranton friends for several days this week.
Miss Annie Brewster, of Montrose is the guest
| Of Mr.. and Mrs. Brewster, of Jefferson avenue.
Mrs. J. q. Myers and Miss Laura Jeanette My.
crs of Chicago, are visiting Mrs. Albert N. Kra.
mcr.
| Mrs. r. II. Jordan, OF Capotse avenue, is en-.
| tertaining her mother, Mrs. Margaret Golden, of
Parsons.
Rev. Dr. Mcleod and family will leave the city
early next week for the seashorc, where they will
| summer until September.
Mrs. William Foote, OF 523 Olive street, mother
of W. 8. Footc. will spend the summer in Sulli.
van and winning counties.
Miss Gertrude Guild and Mr.. Burnham Guild
are attending commencement exercises OF Walton
| Academy, New York state.
Alderman and Mrs. Myron Kasson will leave the
city today for Buffalo. where they will spend
| two weeks in viewing the sights OF the exposi.
| tion.
| lion W. J. Lewis. accompanied by his daugh.
ter, Mrs Aria V. Powell. is touring Colorado.
| They will visit Denver, Lcadville and Maniton
| Springs
| Mr. and Mrs. n. 4. Rice, who have sold their
Webster avenue home 10 Mr.. G. c. Rose. will go
| to Rochester next week to visit Mr.. and Mrs. s.
p. Fcnner.
| Hon ". r. Montgomery, Miss Mimic and Nellie
| Montgomery. of Mercer, and Mrs H. v. Manyer,
| OF Philadelphia, are visiting Mrs. A. r. Roberts,
| 1922 Capouse avenue
| Prof. Theron G. Osborne. principal Of the
| Moosic school, was on Thursday awarded state
J certificate by the boaid of examiners of the East
| Stroulsburg Normal school
| Among the graduates OF Bloomsbur State Nor.
| nal school this year are Miss Ascine Mllct.
| Stella G. Murray, Miss Elizabeth Williams and
| Clarence j. Davis. of this city
| Rev. DIR. and Mrs Robinson will leave on Mon.
| day for Block Island. DIR. Robinson will return
| and occupy the pulpit of the Second Presbyterian
| church through the month of September.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-06-29
Definitions.

RiNET.- As | have once before remarked that
those terms which are in common use and which
every one knows are the very one which are the
most dhicult TO define, and il is amusing to OBJ
serve the perpleSity Of machinist for instance,
when he il asked TO give definition of riret
So, by request OF several mechanics, | give a
definition ol this universally used Constructiv.
part in general mechanics.
A riyet is an elongated piece of mallcable metal
usually with head at one end. which is driven
through a hole in two pieces Of material which
il il intended 10 iasten together, the projecting
end being hammered So as 10 form head SINH
lar to the one already on the other end, thus
cliuching tightly the two pieces OF material.
Instead Of heads The riyet may be split for .
short distance AT one or both ends and the sepl'
rated portions may then he turned over 10 either
side and hammered pressed to attain the SAINT
objeut, namely, TO firmly faStcn or unite two
separate pieces OF material The term is there
furc lcgitimatcly used also in metlphorcal Ian
guagc when we say THAI we "rvcr our atlen
tion" or "rivet our friendship
Carl Seller, NJ. ID
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-06-29
Thermal Death Point of the Tubercle
Bacillus,

The recent experiments at the Wisconsin Agri'
cultural Experimental station, as set forth i'll a
paper by Mcssrs. Russell and Hastings on the
''lhermal Death Point OF the Tubcrcle Bacillus" "
confirm those previously made by Professor Thco.
bold Smith. In every case the tubcrcle bacillus
as determined by incubation experiments was
destroyed in ten minutes when tuberculous milk
was exposed for that length OF time in a tightly
closed commercial Pasteurzcr. That is, at IA
temperature not exceeding GS degrees c.; but
when milk is exposed under conditions that per-
nit the forming Of pclldcs the surface the
bacillus may resist the action Of heat at GO tie.
grccs G. for a considerable period. To thorough
ly Pasteurize milk without iniuring its creaming
properties or consistency it is necessary to heat
it in closed paseurizors for at least twenty min
utcs at a temperature OF Go degrees c., under
which conditions the bacteria will he certainly
destroyed without the milk being injured in any
way.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-06-29

number of rays of light, followed by total
eclipse, and then by other flashes. Mariners
charts give the key To each light. by referring
to this chart the navigator can tell instantly
what light he is sailing abreast. In fact, cleo
trcity will soon be installed in all lighthouses
where the flash system is in use, di,pacing the
present cock.licht machinery for producing the
flashing effects. Efforts are being made to con-
slruct machinery whicn will generate electric
current by the action of the waves. Ii such a
method could he made practicable il would re-
duce the annual cost OF the coastal signal service
very materially.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-06-29
Rattlesnake Poison and Leprosy.

Dr. Adolph Mcrcondcs dc Moura, of Sac Paulo
(BraziD, contributes a paper on the application
of rattlesnakc poison to the cure OF leprosy to
the German Medical Weekly Journal
This poison has been used for long period
by the natives for the treatment of skin dis
eases and even lcprosv Many wonderful cures
of lcpcrs through rattlcsnake bites having been
reported to him, DIR. de Moura set himself to
make Investigations
lie experimental With the poison on fifteen
lcpcrs and he has come to the conclusion that
the lepra tubcrcuosa. if not complicated with
another disease, is uurahle by its means.
The publication OF DIR. de Moura's paper has
aroused much interest in the matter in medical
circles.
Professor Levin, Of Berlin, discusses the sub.
jrct in the same number OF The Weekly Journal
While he contends from "a prori' considera-
tions that the rattesnakc poison is not true
antidote, nevertheless he admits that it may have
temporary effect the disease, and considers
the matter worthy OF Investigation.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-06-29
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
= HER POINT OF VIEW 3:
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES

The visitor to the Pan-American
exposition should not return home
without going out to East Aurora to
see the Roycroft printing shop, and
most of all IIlbert Hubbard.
Now East Aurora is seventeen miles
away from Buffalo. You go down
town to the Union depot and buy your
ticket on the New York, Pittsburg &
something or other railroad. The al
phabet is so nearly exhausted in Civ
ing the initials of this railway that
| really cannot remember all the rest.
Whatever window you select at which
to buy your ticket a polite man will
tell you to go to the other 1t will
cost you just ninety-two cents for a
return ticket.
Then you join group with lunch
boxes and note books who look as IL
they were going in the same direction
and you wait until the noisy man at
the gate yells. "Ebenezer and East
Roar" Roar and Ebenezer." then
you rush for the little train composed
of an engine and two cars and you
are on the way.
1t lies through a pretty country
this way, rich market gardens where
women toll in the hot sun. fields of
wheat and rye and acres Of buttercups
the hay crop of western New York
being chiefly buttercups and daisies
this season, to please the eye of the
Pan American tourist and the summer
boarder
The train stops for an instant
at Ebenezer. and you find yourself
In ,a al Nat lict 7,
Here raise my Ebcnc2er,
Hthcr by thy help Eve come:
And hope, by thy good pleasure,
Safely To arrive at home.
to the tune of
Go tell Aunt Rhoda
Go tell Aunt Rhoda
Go tell Aunt Rhoda
Her old gray goose is dead.
AS a child, the mental picture OF
raising ones Ebene2er was that of fly
ing into a rage, and for the life of you
the impression that it is a cairn of
stores, a monument to mark ones
safe journey or ones growth in grace,
will not be fixed.
EbeneZer is, you notice, modest
little village of three houses and
station. There may be more dwellings
IVY w." '""t S'o"l' v. u, , ~ so,.
pVIe' min - Nv 't,' '''"' :.
,. a., W 5,,ota an ,u.s, a" ,,,iatI,.
"r, "a a ,, ''a ~" ,1,
- .,, ,,,, i.",' """ r,, 1b" Wv -. Wv tu
MI. la''.n ,,, ,nas,.s ,,.,,o,a .,a
t,a,,' u ,,.t antirn,,. -
,a;s,,',,,. t,.o,.a,Ii,,, hrt ,,o,, .ra of .ha
o,,inian thot ,hare 10 no,b,nr heynnd
L,ost A,uo,a rhot II ;s Tho nnd ~ tho
uni,,.rsa ava tbora is M fr,ura No
rost rothin,, hut atarnoI na,na ond
rast ava I,ost Anroro
It &c q nra,tv ,it,Io ,,;u,oo vida
of st,aa+ ana Ieen M sbole md ,raoo
-, ao,,h yor u,ou, ~, tha wo,,
ba,anth o,aan,io ,rons nnst - hro,r,
oh,,rnh ~ n,naa,n ,rcbitac,ur. untiI
yn,, onmo 20 another cburcb The n,ns.
si,,a ,,nna ,,.,,l, tha ,vo,nt ,,rIos ha-
nao,r snr.adino Gins in,madiota,,, az
rastin. your a,tention If ynu nv, i,
p,i,is,,na ,,or Lnow, ,t onos thot this
..ah,,ra,," ;s tha pn,,oroft nr,ntino shnn
,hnt ,,a,, aro hrusbinr pouoroft nr,ss,,.
ana hreotbing the nerrrma of pov-
oroft roses
Van enter the wide arohea entrance
,,,hara non,;nu rrnn, tho int.nsa
haa,i,. ,ight o, tho sun vour avas Of
su', 'a, ooi,, 600 a ain, oonI a,sto,oa
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-06-29
The Largest Dry Dock in Russia.

The Russian government intends to build fine
dock at vladsvostock, at the mouth Of ihs
Amoor river, capable OF taking the largest ship
ahoat, the length being stated at 400 feet, says
Engineering The Russian authorities propose
also 10 erect at the same place ample shops and
foundries. Particular attention will he given 10
gun making aud the manufacture OF smokeles'
powder.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-06-29
Scranton,
June 10Th,
1901.
Millinery

The Millinery department will
be a nice place to stop for q few
minutes on Saturday. We are
adding new things all the time.
Ladies' Shirt Waist Hats,
nicely trimmed with silk, in
many different ideas, $7.oS
$3.50.
Ladies' Untrimmed Shirt
Waist Hats, 6oc.
Children's Leghorn Hats,
ready to wear or made to your
order, 7Sc to $3.o8.
ChiIdren's Canton Straw Flats.
trimmed with wreath OF rosettcs,
3Sc.
Books for Summer Reading
Copyrights $1.1O.
The Crisis-Churchill. The
Puppet-Crown MacGrath. Hell
met of Navarre-Runkle. Sir
Christopher-Mrs. Goodwin.
Richard, Yea and Nay-Hewlitt.
Babs, the ImpossibIe-Sarah
Grant. Ralph Marlowe-Alice
of Old Vincennes-Thompson.
Old Bavens Leary-Edwin Asa
Dix. Riddle of the Universe
-Haeckel,
Shirt Waists New Assert.
ments.
New assortment OF White
Shirt Waists ready today. all the
newest ideas in this lot. Popu-
lar prices.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-06-29
Mahon's Oxfords

captivate the eye and satisfy in wear,
Sl0O, Sis. sl.5O, $500 $2,5O. Mahon's
Shoe Store, 32S Lackawanna avenue.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-06-29

the nature of grayiation, but il such a variation
should finally be established it would have but
little disturbing effect on the received notions Of
the indestructibiity Of matter.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-06-29
Modern Gunshot Wounds.

TAR T.. f. ROBINSON (Annals Of Surgery.
- February thus sums up his conclusions In
an article on "Gunshot Wounds in the Filipino.
American War;" l. The modern gunshot wound
Is generally aseptc, and should he treated on
this suppositon. Q. Asepsis Ia due chiefly to
the character OF the bullet, and the early appli.
cation of frstaid dressing; and, in minor dc.
gree, to the velocity Of the projcctile 3. Pr.
mary hemorrhagc from modern g,inshot wounds
ia exceedingly rare, the bloodvcssels being dis.
placed rather than cut by the rapidly moving
projcctilc. l. The explosive effect" of the
modern bullet Is much less common than recent
military literature would indicate. This pccu.
lier destructive effect is produced by the char.
acter Of the tissue struck, as well as by the
great velocity Of the bullet. o. Gunshot wounds
OF chest are rarely infected. Simple antiseptic
treatment, with aspiration OF peMra in cases OF
severe hemorrhagc, is all that is necessary. g..
Gurshot wounds Of knee joint are usually ascptic.
but, IL infected, demand immediate amputation
to save life. I. Excsion Of elbow is always a
iustifable operation in sattcring or infcc.
tion Of that joint. Resection OF bones OF other
Joints is rarely necessary, erason or amputation
being preferable. g. Injuries Of nerves from
g,inshot wound can often be benefited by opera.
tive interference or resection. o. In modern
military surgery. abdominal section for gunshot
wound is not jlstifable; the patients best
chance of recovery lies in conservative treat.
ment without operation.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-06-29
Medical Lake in Washington.

At an hours journey from Spokane Falls is
Medical Lake, in the city OF Middlebaugh. With.
in very short time a considerable settlement
has been established on the borders OF this lake.
The town has wide streets, excellent shops, and
many neat dwellings The alleged curative pro-
pcrties Of the waters of the lake have been the
incentive to this remarkable growth. The lake
covers an extent OF over thousand acres and is
encircled by low wooded hills. The waters are
said to hold in solution salts Of sodium, potas
stun. lthium, calcium, magnesium, iron. and
aluminium also sulphur and borax. great va.
rety Of ailments have been reported cured by
bathing in the lake, chief among them being
rheumatism and certain diseases OF the skin
One Of the properties OF the water is that it
forms a lathcr whenever it is agated violently
or rubbed quickly on the hands or the surface OF
the body. No fish or other living thing can be
found within these waters and the lake itself is
rather repulsvc and muddy in appearance. Fac.
tories have been established for evaporating the
water and packing the salts obtained 1t is the
intention to make Medical Lake attractive, in
the summer season especially. as health resort
for the citizens OF Spokane Falls.