The Colfax chronicle., 1901-01-05


Ii. Tell the difference between XII
netic energy and Potential energy?
IA. What is the solar system?
Is. Name the large planets?
| Is. Discuss the earth?
| II. When is the Vernal Equinox?
IL. Define atmosphere.
ID. Give its composition and name.
| 20. What are clouds?
| Il. Discuss the height OF clouds?
22. Name the great Glasses into
which clouds are divided.
! q. Define dew.
| "a. Why do the sun and moon ap-
pear larger near the horizon?
%. What is going on when people
say the sun is drawing water?
ANSWERS.
1. Nothing in nature Is permanent.
Every thing is constantly changing.
Day changes into night, fair weather
into foul, and plants and animals die
and decay.
?. The invariable relations of cause
and resulting effects constitutes the
laws of nature.
3. Physical Geography seeks to
trace the operation Of the laws OF ma
ture upon the earth. upon the air, the
winter. the land; upon plants. ami
mails, and even upon man himself.
4. Matter is the material Of which
anv substance, such us air, water, or
rock, Is composed
5. All matter is conceived to be
built mp of mintite PARTICLES, called
molecules;
s. A moIeculc IL the smallest par
ticle of matter that can exist by it.
SELF They are too small to he visible
even with the aid Of the most pOwer-
full microscope. 1t is said that II a
drop of water We're inagnified to the
size of the earth. it's molecules SO
magnigied would be about the size of
base balls.
Z. A mulecule breaks into atoms
which are too small toexist by them
selves. and 80 combine with other
atoms.
8. Gravitation. Cohesion and Chem
ical Affinity.
.. The intensity of gravitation va
ries with the distance Of the mass
that IL heing acted upon.
10. Gravi.ation gives to all sub
stances In nature weight.
IL. From 150O0O to 17O,OOO lbs.
IL. Cohesion (1) acts only between
Individual molecules. and not be-
tween masses, (2) only between mol
ecules of the same kind Of matter,
(3) only between molecules that are
very close to each other, so as to be
thought Of as in contact. Adhesion
Is force like cohesion. except that
while cohesion acts only between
molecules Of the same kind Of mat
ter. adhsiOn acts only between mole
cules of different kinds Of matter.
Ii. One Of the three great natural
forces Is thought to he, directly or in
directly, the cause OF all motion in
the universe. The expenditure OF En-
ergy upon any body causes that body
to move or act. When body pos
sesses kinetic (active) energy, it is
said to do work" Potential energy
Is simply ''stored up" Kinetic energy.
1t means possible energy. A bent
bow, hoisted weight, or a wound
up watch spring. possesses Potential
energy. That is, II unrestrained, it
would move and ''dO work.
IA. The sun and all it's planets con-
stiuutes the solar system.
15. There are eight large planets,
namely: Mercury, Venus. Earth,
Mars. Jupiter. Saturn, Neptune and
Uranus.
16. The Earth Is the shape of a
spherOid, or almost round like a ball.
1t is one of the large planets. being
the fifth in size The total area of its
surface IL 1877 ,OO0. .00U square miles. OF
this surface about z is water. and
about Y land. The total area Of the
laud on the globe is about 52, 500, 900
square miles. On the outside Is the
atmosphere. 1t has two MOTIONS
one ON it's axis, called rotation. and
one around the sun, called revOlu-
tiOn. The Earth inside is mass Of
molten matter with a crust on the
outside that has been cooled. 1t il
comparatively thin, perhaps. some
thing like hundred miles thick. ltis
composed of about seventy known
elements, twelve of which are more
abundant than the Others. These
twelve are oxygen, silicon, alumni
ium, calcilln, magnesium, potassium,
sodium, carbon, hydrogen, sulphur,
chlorine and iron.
II. March 21st.
IL. The Atmosphere IL the outer
covering of the eirths surface. filing
the deepest 1epressions aud extend.
ing above the tops Of the highest
mountains.
10. 1t ~ composed chiefly OF oxy-
gen, nitrogen, water-vapor and Car.
bonic Acid. 1t Is also called air.
70. Clouds are simply fOgs formed
at some distance from the earth = sur.
face. Tbay are ~omps'~sI cj minute