The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1901-08-11
Dr.. Eoch's Experiments

was ne8ertSselesss extremely rare and wa
We're at liberty, in considering our prac
-'tfe s7neasnres, to leave that form of or
Ig1na nation entirely out of account
rs INFECTION DERIVED FROM. AN
.z2TV 's~@F 5JMALs. s.,
another possibility of4ubercular in
lection existed, as was generally as
stunned, in the transmission of>the-eerms
OF the disease from trberculous animals
10 man. This manner of infection was
generally regarded nowadays as proved.
land as so frequent that. it was even
looked upon by not a, few as the most
j. iEnportan Mt, and the most rigorous meas
ures were demanded against it. In this
congress also the discussion OF the dan
~ger with~which the tuberculosis of ami
mans threatened man would play an i'm
portant part. Now, -aS hIs inH&stigaffons
haq>Ied him to form an opinion deyiatine
rom mat Which was generally accepted
he begged their permission. in ,considera
tlon ofsthe great Importance Of this cues
tlon, TO discuss. it a little more thorough
~. 1(Cheers.) Genuine tuberculosis had
hltherto been observed in almost all do
mestc animals, and most frequently in
poultry, however, differed so much from
human tuberculosis that we might leave
4, out OF account as a possible source of
lhIectlon Tor man. So, strictly speaking
: tTfe<enIy~-k1nd'~ of animal tuberculosis re-
naming to be considered was the tuber-
culosls of cattle, which if really trans
s1erfapIe5 to man, would indeed have fire.
9uent opportunities Of injecting huna n
beings through the drinking of the milk
g. tive
ANIMALS. Even in his first circumstantia1
publication on the ethnology of flIbercu.
losls, he expressed himself regarding the
ldentrty OF human tuberculosis and bo
vine tuberculosis with reserve. Proved
1acts which would have enabled him
Sharply to distinguish these two forms
OF the disease were not then at his dis
posal, but sure proofs of their absolute
identity were equally undiscoverabIe, and
ne therefore had to leave this question
UNDECIDED. In ordersto decide it@hes had
repeatedly resumed the investigation re-
iating to 1t, but so long as he experi-
mented on small animals. such as rabbits
and guinea pigs he failed to arrive AT
any satisfactory result though - indica-
tons which rendered the difference of the
two forms of tuberculosis probable were
rot wanting. Not till the compIaisa nee
OF the ministry of agriculture enabled
MN to experiment on scattle,-the only an
1mals really suitable for these investiga-
tlons' did he arrive at absolutely con
elusive results
g IMPORTANT EXPERIMENTS
Of. the experiments which he had car
rled out during the last two years along
with Prof. Schultz, of the veterinary COL
lege IN Berlin. he would tell them briefly
some of the most important. A number
OF young cattle which. had stood the tq1
! oerculln test. and might therefore be re-
earded as free from tuberculosis. was
injected In various ways with pure cIII
lures of tubercle bacilli taken from cases
OF human tuberculosis; some of them got
the tubercular sputum Of consumptive
patients direct. In some cases the tn
pefcle bacilH or the sputum were In
Jected under the skin, in others into the
perltoneal cavity, in others into the lug
uIar vein. Six animals were fed with tu-
percular sputum almost daily for seven
or eight months; four repeatedly inhaled
great -qnaptities of baciEi which were
! distributed in water and scattered with
1t IN the form of spray. None of these
cattle there were nineteen Of them)
showed any symptoms of disease. and
| they gained considerably in weight. From
SIX to eight months after the beginning
OF the experiments they were killed. In
d
/ perculoSis was found. The result was ut
terly different, however, when the same
experiment was made on cattle free from
tuberculosis with tubercle r4baciIH that
came from the lungs of an animal suf
Ierlng from bovine tuberculosis. After
an incubation period of about a week
the severest tubercular disorders of the
internal organs broke out in all the in
/ fected animals. After death extensive
tubercular infltrations were found at the
| place where the injections had been
made and in the Heishboring 7iymphatic
glands, and also far advanced altera lions
of the Internal organs, especially the
lungs and the Spleen. The difference be-
tween human and bovine tuberculosis ap-
l. ,peared not less strikinglyfip a siTnifar7ex-
pertinent with asses, sheep and goats,
into whose vascular systems the two
kinds of tubercle baciIli were injected
Their experiments, he must add, were not
the only ones that have led to this re-
| SUIT. IL one studied the older literature
! OF the subject and collated the renorts
OF the numerous experiments that were
made in former times by Chauyeau
/ Gunther and Harms, Bollinger and 9th
f4ers, who fed calves. swine and goats with
! luDercuiar material, one found that the
animals that were fed with the milk and
! pieces of the lungs of tubercular cattle
always fell i'll of tuberculosis, whereas
! those that received human material with
their food did not. Considering all these
facts, he felt justified in maintaining tina,
! human tuberculosis differed from bovine
and could not be transmitted to cattle
1t seemed to him very desirable, how.
| ever, that these experiments should be
repeated elsewhere, In order that all
doubt as to the correctness. of his asser-
! ton might be removed (ChAars IT.
wished only to add that. owing to the
great importance of this matter, the Ger
man government had appointed com.