The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1901-03-21
PROF. STUBS ON
HAWAIIAN SUGARS
Continuation OF His Exhaustive Lee
ture on Local Plantation Affairs
Before Southern Audience.
Continued from Previous 1ssues.o

whether the negroes will prove Of any
value as laborers in the islands, are
questions yet to be settled.
A word about the natives, and we are
through. They are rapidly disappearing
The tendency of the savage races 20 dis
appear when brought in contact with
civilizatio has been much discussed.
Among many native peoples the Malthu-
sian doctrine does not hold true. even
prior to contact with the whites, and
amid a plentiful food supply, they barely
hold their own in numbers or diminish
and this in some cases apart from The
results Of war and the practice of infan-
ticide. Contact with civilization COM
monty accentuates this process Of decay
where it is present, and often intro1 ices
it where it was not found before. Cook
estimated the number of Hawaiians, in
ITS, at 100000 and this view has neen
confirmed by competent observers,
among the early residents, basing their
judgment on the extensive architectural
and other remains everywhere existing.
Vancouver noted an apparent depopula-
ton between his first and last visits. In
1923 the missionaries estimated the num-
bers at $4,000. Today they number about
%, 200.
!. The movement of population, apart
from the effects of infanticide, human
sacrifice, pestilence and famine, is deter
mined by the ratio of fecundity to via
bility, OF birth rate to death rate Ever
since the Hawaiians have been known to
civilization, the birth rate has been low
and death rate high. Many causes have
been assigned for the small birth rate,
which need not be discussed here. The
causes for the high death rate are more
easily determined. Those now operating
are, infectious and contagious diseases,
excessive use Of alcoholic drinks, change
of physical and psychical habit, leprosy
and kahuna practice.
1t can be predicted with certainty that
the pure-blood native will be a steadily
diminishing factor in his own country
for only a few more years, that the
part Hawaiians will increase in numbers
for a time and then gradually disappear
as separable element.
Since annexation the Chinese are ex-
cluded directly, and the japanese indi.
rectly, under our contract laws. There
fore the number of Asiatics will gradu-
ally diminish on the islands. The islands
must therefore be peopled with Europe
ans or Americans. If the population is tc
be maintained. Labor to make sugar
must be had and the American negro oil
the white man must supply it, provided
it is found that the latter can work un
der tropical conditions, with fair de-
gree of comfort and efficiency, and the
industry can afford to pay attractive
wages These are now the dominant so
, cial questions of the islands and year:
1t has clearly been shown that hygienic
habits and sanitary conditions have
greatly lowered the mortality of Euro
peans in tropical countries. 1t has beer
further shown that there Is no deteriora
, ton of European stock by long residenc,
in the tropics 1t is believed also tina
! field labor in the tropics can be borne a.
J easily by the white as by any othe
race. Temperature taken by itself, wheth
! er high or low, cannot repel or over
, whelm a Caucasian. Malaria is as fata
to colored races as it is to white
: Again, a distinction must always b.
made among European peoples as con
Germs their facility Of acclimatization il
hot regions, the Dagos, as in Louisiana
Spaniards in Cuba, and Central an,
2 South America, Portuguese in Hawaii
: and the French in Reunion.
Lastly, it will not do to lump all trop
i, zeal countries together Isothermal line
: must be reckoned as well as parallels O
latitude, and differences of location, IN
!. .sular, continental, coastwise, interior
also altitude, humidity. rainfall, soil an
i flora, must all be considered.
l 1t is ignorance to place Honolulu f
$ the same climatic class with Timbucto
g or Bombay, though occupying nearly tn
same positions relative to lie equator.
White labor may vet dominate Hawai-
: and make it truly the Paradise of IN
Pacific