Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1901-10-05
AN INDIAN CEREMONY
THE "MEDlCINE SWEAT" THAT MAKES
THE RED MAN CLEAN.


and 1t Is to Him "a Rite, Both Phys
icaI and Spiritual - Making Medi-
cine to the Great Spirit.
Few, if any, of the writer's on the
habits, folklore and history of the
American Indian have devoted any
space to the red mans Turkish bath.
an institution homemade, to be sure
but a recognized necessity in every
camp and feature of the daily life of
the Indian. On the contrary, com
mentatOrs have conveyed the impress
sion that habits Of cleanliness are for
eign to the Indian and that he has an
Unborn aversion to water except for
culinary purposes.
By the avidity and frequency with
which the Indian INDUCES in his home,
made Turkish bath be proves the fall
| lacy of this belief and shows that he,
as well as his white brother, can live
up to the precept Cleanliness is next
to goodness" only in the practice the
Indian puts cleanliness first.
The term Turkish bath is unknown
to the Indian. He calls that method Of
abluti0n medicine sweat" 1t is to
him rite both physical and spiritual,
for he cleanses his person and then
makes medicine" to his Great Spirit.
| That the rite is religiously observed
was shown by band of Brule Sioux
Indians, who made a Journey across
the continent to the east and went into
encampment in, to them, strange
| land.
On their arrival, even before they
raised their tepee poles, they erected a
medicine sweat" tent. The framework
of this tent is of hoop poles so trained
that it is about nine feet in diameter,
| four feet high, fiat topped and almost
| circular in form.
| Just within the framework there is a
| bedding of straw about two feet wide,
| and in the center Of the tent there is a
whole in the ground about three feet in
| diameter and three feet deep There
| are no steam vents or pipes, no marble
slabs no rubbers and no sheets. When
| the Indian is ready for his medicine
| sweat a number of stones or rocks
| are heated to almost white heat and
| dumped into the hole in the ground.
| Then the red men, 20 or % of them, in
costume even scantier than Adams
after the fall, range themselves upon
/ the straw. They sit mummy fashion,
! their chins on their knees and their
| arms around their shins packed so
close together that even if they would
| they could not move.
| When they are all ready, blankets,
| skins and canvas are thrown over the
| framework until the tent is almost air
| tight, two or three buckets of water
are passed in and thrown upon the hot
| stones and the medicine sweat" be-
| gins. The moment the steam begins to
| rise the Indians begin a chant, which
| is kept up without interruption until
| the sweat is over Packed together,
envelOped in steam so thick that none
| can see his neighbOr, the Indians sit,
singing and perspiring for an hour or
more. Not an Indian moves. He
neither can nor wants to.
| At a signal from the chief or the
! medicine man a section of the tent is
torn away, and with a heave and
whOOp all the bucks make pellmell for
| the water. A run and jump, and in
| they go. 1t is just as much sport for
the oldest warrior as for the boy who
has not yet won his war bonnet. Once
more ON land, the Indian, having per-
formed duty he owes to himself and
| his neighbor, is ready to "make medi-
cine" This is always done after the
medicine sweat'-in fact it is part
| and parcel of the ceremony, for it is
regarded as a ceremony.
The Indian, clean in person and at
this moment, before his communion
with the God of his fathers, supposed
| to be equally clean of mind and guile
less of soul. now proceeds to the high
| est point of land in the vicinity of the
camp, thus getting as near to the
Great Spirit as it is possible to do while
on earth. On the way he gathers up
little soil, a stray leaf, some old tobacco
| guilds, dead fly Or bug or two-in fact
| anything which may be deemed refuse,
for he is about to convey to the Great
| Spirit that he has cleansed his person
| and that all things unclean have gone
from him.
These things that he has gathered he
places in a piece Of white cloth, which
in turn is fastened to the end of a long
stick. The other end of the stick is
thrust into the ground at the top of the
| hill or knoll and the good Indian has
made medicine. Two days seldom pass
without the repetition of this cere-
mony. 1t never varies. The scene may
change, the Indian may wander to new
lands or be driven to them, but where
| he is there also is his medicine sweat
cent and there he "makes medicine. .
| New York Times.