davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1901-01-26

Turfmen all over the world will be interested
to know whether the King Of England will sell
his great racing stable. AS the Prince of Wales
he the foremost figure the British turf
in the closing years OF the last century. and
two of his colts Persimmon and Diamond Jubi-
lee won the most coveted of racing honors. the
blue ribbon OF the EPSON Derby. 1t seems
hardly probable that the royal colors will be
the racecourse hereafter. The heir to
the throne could find some leisure for the most
popular and most absorbing of English sports
but the wearer of the crown will have scanty
time to spare for conferences with trainers or
instructions to jockeys.
New-York tribune., 1901-01-26

Must we wait until the next generation for
one-cent postage. for lower telegraph and tele-
phone charges. for lessened express rates. for
cheaper coal. ice and gas. for the abolition of
tips" and for a less expensive cab service? All
these blessings are likely to come in time. But
when?
New-York tribune., 1901-01-26
QUEEN WILHELMIyA,s u4BRJlcr

The Hague, JAN 25.-An official of the Ministry Of
Justice at IL O'Clock this morning delivered at the
I0wn Hall formal deed. signed by Queen Will
dsciaring dec their desire to be united in matrmony
rags were lmnedtat tely hoisteds on the Town IJan
churches and other buildings The rovaI bsnns Vii
be read for the first time on Sunday January 2T VII
New-York tribune., 1901-01-26
yEW-YORK YACHT CLUB RECEPTION.

The New-York Yacht Club has issued cards for a
reception for Commodore ]. Pieru-nt Morgan. to
take place at the clubhouse. No. 81 West
Forty-fourth-st. on Tuesday evening at o'clock
a reception for women Will be given on Thursday
and Friday from 10 p. m
New-York tribune., 1901-01-26
PRESIDENT INVITED TO LOUISVILLE.
KNIGHTS TEMPLAR DESIRE HIM TO ATTEND
THEIR CONCLAvE.

Washington. Jan. Ex-senator Dehoe. Representa-
tive Bo-eing Mayor Charles Weaver of Louisville.
Ky; DR.. T. II. Baker. postmaster. and E T. Franks.
Collector of Internal Revenue atOwensboro. KY ex-
tended to the President to-day invitation TO visit
Louisville on the occasion of the knights Templar
concave late In August next. The invitation was a
most cordial one. and the President said It would
him great pleasure consider II, and If there
was opportunity for him to go he would be very
Elli do
New-York tribune., 1901-01-26

On the steamer Auguste Victoria. which arrived
here yesterday from Hamburg, were Judge L. d.
Guffn. d. NJ. Parry. Miss Cora Parry and DR..
Eddy Bert.
New-York tribune., 1901-01-26

Some of those who will sail for Hamburg to-day
on the steamer Patricia are Mr.. and Mrs Edwin
l. Bowen. Captain J. F.. Hansen. Gustav A.
Schreyer. j. s. Mackenzie and Miss Ida Norton.
New-York tribune., 1901-01-26
TRANSATLANTIC TRAVELLERS.

Among those who arrived from Bremen yesterday
on the steamer Lain were Director-General B.
Becker William r. Bishop. Major and Mrs. J. w
Howard, c. L. Libby. Miss Adele aus der Ohe and
Miss Mathilde der Ohe
New-York tribune., 1901-01-26

Mrs. George r. Schiefelin will give dinner this
evening for Mr. and Mrs. ]. Bruce Ismay
New-York tribune., 1901-01-26

There will be ladies' day and evening recep-
tton held at the ST. Nicholas Club to-day.
New-York tribune., 1901-01-26

The Gambling Combine may possibly have
had UP its sleeve when the Tammany
Committee Of Five drew cards
New-York tribune., 1901-01-26

Mrs George Frederick Carr will give the last Of
Last Sixty -ninth-st ~ ~ ~
New-York tribune., 1901-01-26

The meeting of two Of the dancing organizations
took place last evening. One OF the subscription
dances arranged by Mrs. Ashbel P Fitch, Mrs
ID. Phoenix lngraham and other matrons took pIaca
at the Astoria, and the regular meeting OF the
FRIDAY evening dancing class, which is also knoxn
as Mrs Churchs, took place at Sherry's =
New-York tribune., 1901-01-26

This evening will take place the reception 70
Miss Millet. the daughter of Francis D. Miuet. a
the home OF Mr. and Mrs. Henry ". Poor, Lex
lngton-ave and Gramercy Park
New-York tribune., 1901-01-26

James J. Van Allen and the Misses Van 4Ie, -.
going abroad for the spring and early sumrrar
They will return time for the Newport season
They will occupy their London house '
New-York tribune., 1901-01-26

Mrs. James H stebbins. of No 50 Madison-ave
will give reception on the afternoon Of Janu.
ary 81
New-York tribune., 1901-01-26

Mrs. Arthur Paget will start tomorrow for New
port. where she win remain for several days Nrrs
Frenchis still at Harbour View She is expectfng .
visit from her son-;n-Iaw and daughter Mr. ana
Mrs Alfred Gwynne Vanderbilt. General the Hor
Herbert and Mrs. Eaton are in town, and are -
sail next week for Europe. - W
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1901-12-16
Washington News.

Secretary of the Interior Hitchcock
has to-day made public bis annual re-
port. Referring to the public lands
he states that Is, 562, 1913 80 acres have
been disposed of in the last year.
The total public lands aggregate ], SO9-
539, $40 acres. He deplores the de-
forestation of these lands and calls at
tention to provisions of law which
made it impossible for him to protect
the forests, and finally recommends
that the care OF the forest reserves be
transferred TO the agricultural depart
ment.
The Indian problem is discussed at
length. The total Indian population
he places at It's, 1913, located on an ag-
gregate area of 55, 127 900 acres. This
is exclusive of the New York Indians
aud the five civilized tribes of the In
dian Territory. He announces that
hereafter newp policy will be adopted
in the treatment of the Indians, all
able-bodied men being required TO
contribute to their support by the Gull
tivation of land which will be allotted
to them. In this connection he urges
that more manual instruction and less
'shigber education" be given the Indi-
ans in the government schools.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1901-12-16
IN The WINTER.
(Benscn's Plaster Is Pains Master.

For cou Tbs and colds Benson's Porous
Plasters are an incOmparably better rem
edy than any other-external or internal.
Their medicinal properties enter the skin
and @ s:-qigLt to tie seat Of the disease.
They relieve AMI cure seated" cold
without disturbing t e system or upsetting
the stomach. Cough mixtures often MAUI
seate Benson's PIasters are medicinal in
the high st degree, and quickest to act.
Placed on the chest or back or on both
at once in serious cases, the good effect is
feltimme lately. The congestion Y eds, the
cough aba;es and the breathing improves.
Lung or bronchi j affections or kidney
di ease, are cured with the least possible
suffering and loss of time.
Benson's Phsters are immeasurably SUI
perior to BellI,lonna, Strengthening, Cap
sicu1n or any other combination in plaster
form. They are also preferable TO ONT
meuts. liniments and salves.
Bsnson's Plas,ers have received .tifty.tfUe
Rfg5est dlo1rds over al competitors; and
more han 5000 physicians and druggists
have d .clared them to be one of the few
trustwort " household remedies For lie
by al druggists, or we will prepay postage
on any nun er ordered in the United
States on recei t of 25c. each.
BE sire You get thu genuine. Accept no
imitation or substitute.
Seabury Z Johnson, Mfg Chemists, Ny.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1901-12-16
PROBATE COURT.

Winfield NJ. Wheeler, minor, Derby.
Guardian settles his account.
George c. Cole estate, Greensboro. APP
praisers' and admin ,tratrix's inventories
returned and accepted.
Lewis &. Hayes estate, Derby. Will
proved by w. S. Robbins.
George r. Caswell estate, Derby. Execu-
tor presents his account. Referred to Dec.
10Th, 1901.
Edmund p. Doane estate, Troy. APP
praisers' in ventory returned and accepted.
Henry Luxtord estate, Troy. Commits
sioners' report returned and accepted.
James NJ. Sisco estate, Jay. Appraisers
inventory returned and accepted.
John G. Fisk estate, Derby. VIM. t.
Fisk appointed administrator, George H.
Tice and Asa Moran appraisers.
CIarissa E. Hall estate, Newport. Com
missioners' report returned and accepted.
Eben P. Richardson estate, Albany
Commissioners report returned and ac-
cepted.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1901-12-16
SENATOR HOAR'S BILL.

Senator Hoar has introduced a bill
for the protection of the president,
which provides as follows:
THAT any person who shall within
| the limits of the United States or any
place subject to the Jurisdiction there
of, willfully kill or cause the death of
the president of the United States or
any officer thereof, Or who shall will
fully kill or cause the death of the
ruler, or chief magistrate of any for
eign country, shall be punished with
| death.
'That any person who shall within
the limits of the United States or any
place subject to the jurisdiction there
of, make an attempt on the life of the
president of the United States or any
officer thereof or who shall make an
| attempt on the life of the ruler or
chief magistrate Of any foreign coun
ry, shall be punished with death.
"That any person who shall within
the limits of the United States or any
place subject to the jurisdiction
thereof, advise the killing of the pres
| ident of the United States or any
| officer thereof, or shall conspire to
accomplish the same, or who shall
advise or counsel the killing of the
ruler or chief magistrate of any for
eign country, or shall conspire to
accomplish the same, shall be pun
ished by Imprisonment not exceeding
twenty wears
"That any person who has conspired
as aforesaid may be indicted and con-
victed subsequently, although the
other party or parties to the conspir
acy are not indicted or convicted.
''That any person who shall willfnlly
and knowingly aid in the escape from
punishment of any person guilty of
either of the acts mentioned in the
foregoing sections shall be deemed an
accomplice after the fact and shall be
punishable as if principal, although
the other party or parties TO said
offence shall ut be indicted or con-
vic1ed."
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1901-12-16
Tim z 7 a e I {
B ~ VI ts.is. Conn - & A. -
WINTER Ar - ~sst- HfS7
In effect Oct -, ts"i.

Trains leave
WPORT-NoRTH-S:SJa o. %
e.4ls . "A -5oTrd -F:0of ~ 55- u
AGO. p N. II 2S' uti ll-S5' ~
COVENTRY SoRTH-l2-2ss q. r.
soCTu-7:g9ra 70; 4:I0+
BARFON LASOIs'. SoH-s ~ - = m;
sos > %; t.:i-' y a, 7h:l0 "- - 10 ;
-soUTH-7. 10 N t.E2- 3 o. 80 m.
BARTOH-NohTB- s4:tei IA, 90 t.sU-
M; I2-O5- mi 5 CO. y u.' .. So -
SOUTH -I2.07f "A; go Pr ta-
4.s7' m. il:52t
HOUTH - RTON-NoHTH-lI So 81. a.Sl- p
N. SoUTB-7:45' IA; t.52@
SUTTON SusrH-Ii.s7" II ~ g. sag -""Ts
Sol. n; 5.0s'
WEST BURXs-NoRTH--s.s7t "a II .. an g.
s:os. m; 5:1s"
LYNDONvILLE-NOKr a, s;'Ot .
m, U.IZs 40 II. % a.
soU-TH-i2:s5' -.; 1893 % . 30
tI:50- a VA; 7:03' $3.50 y
1T. JOHNsBURf -.CRTa-S:t0- u. ~ .
la- fu.4Ss = %. 400 y M 3 II q 7rt. -
d m.-SOUTB-IZ:ES" q ~; q -l5r DO =
IA, I2:IO' p M; 7:l2- S:t5'
A stOps on;1 tor pesseI.sr.s g 80
connecting roads or divisions
stops only for passenger Tro1 ''rv'..n
or below.
stops to leave pass myers. o. sh+u elk
nailed, to take passengers
tDAiiy. "Daily, except sunday tDat'!
except Mon lay.
D.J.FLANDERs. 6. p. Il 7. a.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1901-12-16
MONITOR CLUB LIST

The MONITOR will be furnished with
the
Boston Daily Journal for $40
Boston Daily Herald 7.40
Boston Daily Record 3.75
Boston Daily Traveller 3.75
Boston Daily Globe $50
Boston Weekly Journal 200
The Boston Weekly Journal is sc. 20 resi-
dents OF Vermont o0ly, aud 81 to persons
out of state.
Burlington Weekly Free Press $50
Cosmopolitan 2.45
Century Magazine 500
Congregationalist, new subs. AIS
Congregationalist, renewals 400
Family Herald and Star 2.35
Farm Journal 1855
Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly 245
Farm and Fireside, semi monthly 1856
Farm and Poultry 225
Good Housekeeping 2.45
Household 2.35
Harper's Magazine 4.s0
Harper's Weekly $50
Harper's Bazaar 2.4O
Ledger Monthly 2.35
Little Folks 2.45
Little Men and Women and
Babyland $50
Mirror and Farmer 200
McClure's Magazine 2.45
Modern Culture 225
Modern Priscilla 900
Muusey's Magazine 2.45
Junior Munsey 2.45
North American Review $50
New York Tribune Farmer 2.35
New York Tri Weekly World 2.25
New England Farmer 800
New England Homestead $50
Our Youths Friend 200
Our Young People 2.1O
Popular Science 4.25
Recreation 2.35
Review of Reviews 1856
st. Nicholas 4lO
Scientific American 4.S5
Scribner's Magazine 40
Vermonter 245
Youths Companion 1926
lions Herald 1915
The conditions OF the above are that cash
must accompany order, and that both the
MONITOR and other publications ordered must
be paid year in advance.
After frst copy OF paper or magazine is re-
ceived further correspondence concerning
errors, or changes OF post-ofice address
shouId be direct to the publisher.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1901-12-16


day school in the state, and very
probably in the Uaited States. He
re ad in the co ,vtntion a letter writ
ten by Col. Washburn from Green's
boro ia 1912 telling of his Efforts TO
start Sunday-school and about the
famous Sunday school convention
held in the barn of Ashabel Hale, ESQ
in reensboro in 1914 at which there
were over 400 present. TIE closing
address OF the convention was given
by Marion Lawrence, taking for his
subject ''The Teacher Soul Winner"
Mr.. Lawrence in his op 9ning rem lrks
said that he had served twenty five
years as superintendent and gave
some advice to the state association
about how best to carry on it's work.
He said they should depend mainly
on the Sabbath schools, not on indiv-
iduals, for funds, and should make
but one appeal each year to the
schools for aid, that Vermont was the
only state association having a debt.
He said he told them this not to dis
courage them but that they might
know what was being done by other
states and seek to emulate them.
The people here in Nav England do
not know anything about sacrifice in
Sunday-school work as compared
with some of the western states and
territories that he has visited. He
spoke of Jesus being a teacher, and
if He chose this occupation when all
others were open to Him and He
might have filed any Of them it shows
His estimate of the value and import
ance of the living teacher, and His
last words to bis followers were go,
teach," not request but command,
and all who posed as Jesus disciples
should feel this responsibility resting
upon them. He said the Sunday
school teacher should be the embodi-
ment of his own teaching, and told of
hearing two boys talking about their
Sunday-school teachers who they
thought did not live up to their teach
ings and one said 81 don't like our
teacher" The other inquired the
reason and he answered 20, when
you add him up there's nothing to
carry" He said teacher in order to
help you must be some one you be-
lieve in. The life behind was the
power. In closing, Mr.. Lawrence
spoke of the Importance of loving
and sympathizing with scholars in
order Co be aole to lead them, and
said we must lose our personality and
become SO consecrated that we will
reflect the life of Christ for although
we may be able to teach like Socrates,
if we do not love like Christ it will be
of no avail. This was Mr.. Lawrence's
third address and the closing address
of the convention. He is a very in
teresting and effective speaker and
has been in Sunday school work SO
long and with such varied experiences
that he seems to have an inexhaust
ible store to draw from, and his adj
dresses abound in apt illustrations,
spicy anecdotes, and touching stories
taken from real life and he can move
an audience from laughter to tears at
will
Thus closed the convention which
was pronounced an unqualified sue
cess by everyone who attended it, not
only ia point of attendance which was
large but also in the unusual ability
of nearly all the speakers and the
8 brit of love and Christian friendli-
ness which seemed to pervade the
whole meeting. Fl. w. GILLIs,
Greensboro.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1901-12-16

If you would have appetite like a bear
and relish for your meals take Chamber
lain's Stomach and Liver Tablets. They cor
rect disorders of the stomach and regulate
the liver and bowels. Price. % cents. Sam
pies free, at the drug store of
II. G. Pie ce, Barton, II. S. Webster, Barton
Landing, w. E. Trip, E. Charleston.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1901-12-16
ST. j. q l.. &. u. az.
WINTER ARRANGEm ENT

In effect Oct. IA, 1901.
HARDwICK- WEsT-s:25 a N; 5:s7 m;
EAsT-IG:33 IN; 7:42 IN.
EAST HARDwICK-wEsr-s a m; 5:2s p
IN; EAsT-l0:42 m; 7:52 p m.
9REENSBORO-WB sT-s:O6 q m; $50 m;
EAsT-I0 81 m; 500
ST.JOH ESBURY-WEsT-7:o a m; 4:0s m !;
EAsT-2:3I m; 4:35
D.J. FLANDERS G. p. s. T. A.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1901-12-16

An inch of rainfall, the drops frozen
as they form into delicate crystals,
will make ten inches of snow.-Ladies'
Home Journal
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1901-11-15

tryant, half negro, and all that and
they hated him accordingly. 1t created
a false character for him in the minds
of the mob until no man in the world
was hated as Lincoln was by full
half of the American people until It
caused his murder. The cartoons are
fittingly displayed now in the hallway
leading up to the chamber where he
breathed his last!
Since that hour no cartoons of Lin
coin: not one. America and the world
would not for ane moment tolerate any
caricaturing of the gentle and sainted
Lincoln now.
Why-why, Oh why, IL it was right
from 1850 till 1865 is It not right yet to
represent Lincoln as a brute and fool,
as was done savagely every day from
the day he was nominated in 1860 till
he fell in 1865? The question points a
moral; it answers itself-it is insignifi-
cant just now.
True also 1t is Of Mckinley. That
good man who is mourned now by
more people than ever wept at any
grave save only that at Calvary.
never saw one-not q single decent
picture Of himself or Of his friends in
the press Of the cutters and sewers
from the day he became governor Of
Ohio until he died. Not onei Not onel
Let US be plain. Let us face the
fact. Let me not mince words. If It
were justifiable to represent Mckinley
as a Little Napolion and tryant, as
Willie Looking 20 his Papa, the
Trusts as an Emperor and a baby
If IT were right in 1s93-1901, up to Sep
TENDER 8. 1901. what made it wrong
then?
No Anarchist, open or covert, dare
display that little boy looking I'D to
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1901-11-15
&c & 40 FRONT STREET.

The American people would not toler-
ate It, Naturally, therefore, not from
shame or remorse, but from fear, and
fear only, the printed picture press has
dealt out none OF it's dirt since McKin-
ley fell. 1t dare not 1t never shall
dare to do 30 again. That form of an
archy- anarchy run riot and mad in
ink and type has gone glimmering with
its twin brother, the Anarchist bomb.
poison and pistol, and is now under the
ban of popular condemnation. When
Congress meets 1t viii go under the
ban of law.
The American people have thrice
stood by the bleeding corpses Of their
presidents. to realize at last that libel
and Misrepresentation lead to Jealousy.
jealousy to hate, and hate TO murder.
The safety OF the President and all
in authority demands that the mali
cious cartoon shall go with the obscene
picture. 1t does not abridge free speech
or free press to prohibit obscene litera-
ture. How can It infringe those sa-
cred rights to prohibit all scandaious
and lying representations Of men in
authority? The principle is the same
"a police regulation. A part of RENEE
dial justice freely exercised in every
state with reference to a hundred
crimes far less dangerous than the
cartoon has proven itseu 10 De-
The present President since the day
OF San Juan Hill. Mark Hanna since
the nomination OF Mckinley have been
the targets at which the press OF filth
has aimed its poisoned arrows. Thank
Godi they will never see themselves
caricatured again. Yellow journalism
will never again seek to arouse. and
crafty depraved appetites with a.
great and good man grinning like a
skeleton. or another good man bloated
and brutal as a highwayman. 1t has
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1901-11-15

the dreadful cartoons OF Honest Abe
which appeared in so many papers in
the dark days of the COS. OF course
had a faint recollection of those war
time caricatures-but here before nae,
In all their hideous and horrible dister-
ton of truth, feature and character,
these scowied down from the walls.
1t brought back the past. 1t recalled
the persecution and defamation which
stimulated, instigated the murder of
the foremost man in all the tide of
time" There were the homely honest
features barely visible in the grotesque
cartoons on the wall. which represent
tide him as IAN Ape" as Half Niger
and Half Monkey" as a Tryant, :"
riding a Rail-Tar and Feathers,
and all that maIIgnfty and mendacity
could devise and portray of a despot,
tryant, m0untebank, hypocrite and
fool for portraits of Abraham Lincolnl
know, as all the world knows, that in
the press of the purlieus Abraham
Lincoln never lived to see a decent
portrait Of himself. The same is liter
ally true of McKinley-word for word.
Only Mckinley was even worse vilihed
and caricatured down to the very day
when the same fiendish literature
caused his assassination.
At the first thought 1 did not see, but
I now do, that these cartoons in the.
hall leading TO the chamber of death
were in historic harmony with all that
followed.
In the old war days millions Of peo-
pie got only the idea they ever had of
Lincoln, as in these later days millions
got their only idea Of Mckinley from
these damnable cartoons.
In the SOS 1 knew respectable people
who actually believed Lincoln was
vulgar blackguard, an illiterate brutal
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1901-11-15

The most successful sale ever held
by the Ladies' Aid Society of theAdams
Square Congregational Church closed
last night All the tables were well
patronized and a considerable sum of
money will be added to the treasury
of the society.
The Kingsley Assembly gave con-
cert and entertainmenUilast night at
the Webster Square NJ. e. Church. The
contest in ticket selling was won by
the red team which sold 267 tickets.
The far famed choir of the Peoples
A. NJ. E. Church of Providence went
down in defeat last night in a singing
contest with the trained choir of Zion
A. NJ. E. Church on Belmont Street.
The Worcester singers won because Of
their excellent training and accuracy
Of tone.
Lieut.. William H. Plummer will
leave Worcester Monday afternoon for
Fort Columbus. New York, where he is
to await the orders of the cOmmandant
of that post before he proceeds to his
regiment, the Third Infantry, now sta
toned in Manila.
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1901-11-15
IN THE CITY

-Rt. Rev Monsignor Thomas Grif-
fin. D. D., left yesterday for Peabody to
attend the funeral of his nephew, Hen
nv Griffin, which takes place this morn
ing.
Post 10, G. A. R., had an entertain
ment last night in G. A. r. Hall, 80
Pearl Street. The members of the Post
were entertained by Miss Florence
Pike, Miss Alice Bell Edward H.
Stearns and H. E. Wheeler.
The annual inspection Of the Wom-
ans Relief Corps IL, yesterday after
noon in G. A. R. Hall, IS Pearl Street
by Department Inspector Mrs. Marion
NJ. Holbrook. The corps will have a
social and sale in G. A. r. Hall, Nov.
%.
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1901-11-15
JACKSON OBJECTED
TO FOREIGN LABOR

Lee Jackson employed by w. A.
Sanderson around house in the
process of completion on Shrewsbury
Street, raised all kinds of trouble yes
terday because Mr.. Sanderson en-
ployed a Frenchman to work on the
building. Lee became so loud in his
denunciation Of the Frenchman that
violence was feared and some person
telephoned the police station. Capt.
David A Matthews sent the patrol
wagon with Driver Michael F. Ken
needy to the spot and Lee was pacified.