The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1901-11-18
The Globe 5 S Ss%s.Jaay
How to Learn spanish.
BY GEORGE F. M'kIsBEN, a. NJ.

M KIsBEN, A. M.
ing it to him (to them); Sc 10 presto a
ella, l lend it to her: Sc les envia, he
sends them to them.
The Verb Continued.
81. Conjugation II, model, conner. to
eat; simple lenses, active voice. Prin-
cipal parts: Conner, comiendo, comido,
| como, comi1.
Present Group.
Pes. Ind eat. etc. Como, comes,
| come, comemos, comets, comen.
Pres subj may eat etc. Coma,
| conias, coma, comamos, comais, CONAN
| Imperative-Eat (thou) etc. - come
| coma, comamos, coined, conan.
Impf ind.I was eating, etc. Gonna,
| comiaS. GONNA, comiamoS, comiaiS COM
| ian. Accent on in each form.
Preterite Group.
! Pref. ind-I ate or did eat, etc. Comi
| comiste, comiol, comimos, comisteis.
| First impf. subj.-I should eat, ETC.
! Ccmiera comieraS. comiera, comiera-
| mos1. comierais comieran.
| Second impf. subj should eat, etc.
| Comiese, comieses, comiese, comiese-
| mosl, comieses, comiesen.
/ Fut. subj.--I shall or should eat, ETC.
| Comiere. comieres, comiere, comiere-
mosl, comieseis, conaiesen
| Future Group.
Fut. in.-I shall eat, etc. Comerel.
eomeras., corneral, comeremos, comereis,
| comeran1.
| CONDITIONAL should eat, etc. Com
| erla, comerias. comeria, comeriamos,
| comeriais, comerian Accent on in each
| form
IS. Verbs of conjugations II and III
| have almost the same endings. These
| enc1ngs differ most markedly from those
OF conJugation in the imperfect indica-
i've. but note the difference also in all
forms of the preterite group. where the
enolngs are the same as in the preterite
| group of the irregular verbs (andar and
dar1 OF the first conjugation.
,iS o. G;1n5ugatlon III, model. vivir to
cipai parts; viyir, viviendo, vivido, vivo
viyi1. wv
Present Group.
Pres. ind.-I live, etc. Vivo, wives. yive.
viyimos, vivis1, viven.
Pres. .subj.-I may i've etc. Viva. viz
| viva, viyamos, yivais, VIVIAN
Imperative-Live (thou). etc-yive
viva, vivamos, vivid, VIVIAN
lmpf. ind was living. Viva, vivias.
| VIVA, Vlv1amos, viviaiS, vivian. Accent on
in each form.
Preterite Group.
Pref ind lived, or did live, etc. Vivi1.
vivlste, viviol, vivimos, Whistles, yivie-
| ron.
First imp. subj.-I should live, etc.
Viviera, vivieras, viviera, vivieramosf.
vivierais, vivieran.
Second imp. subj.-I should live, etc.
Viviese, vivieses, viviese, viyesemos1
vivieseis, viviesen.
Fut. subJ.-I shall or should live, etc.
vlyiere, where's. viviere, vivieremos1,
| WHERE'S, viyieren
Future Group.
/ Fut. ind.-I shall live, etc. vivire1,
| Viv1asl, v1vira1, viviernlos, vivireis,
| yiviran1
CONDITIONAL should live, etc. Viviria.
vlvirias iviria, viviriamos viviriais vivi-
| rian. Accent on in each form.
The Possessiyes.
| 40 The possessive words serve as adj
| JectlveS and pronounS, but are commonly
| called the possessive pronouns. The sep
arate uses need, however, to be carefully
dlstngulshed. whether the possessive
word be an adjective or a pronoun it
| agrees in gender and number not with
the possessor, but with the thing pos
] SeSsed.
The Possessive Adjectives.
Al. AS adjectives the possessives may
be considered as conjunctive or disjunc-
tive, according as they precede of follow
the limited noun. The conjunctiyes are
shorter and do not vary for gender, ex-
| cept nuestro. our, and vuestrO, your. The
| following table of the possessive adjec-
| tives will be useful:
Singular.
! Conjunctive masculine and feminine.
my, mi; thy, tn; his, her, it's, your, su.
| Our, nuestro,-a; your, vuestro,-a their,
! your, su, su.
Distinctive masculine, my. milo; thy.
! tuyo; his her, its, your, suyo; our nueS-
] tro; Your; yuestro; their, your, suyo.
Feminine, my mia; thy, tuya; his, her,
| it's, your. suya; our, nuestra; your, vues-
1 ira; their, your, suya.
| Plural.
Conjunctive, masculine and feminine,
| my, mis-; thy tlIs; his, her, its, your, sus;
| our, nuestros,-a as; your, vuestros, -as;
/ their, your, SuS, SuS.
! Distinctive, masculine my, mics; thy,
| tuyos; his, her. it's, your, suyos; our,
nuestros; your, vuestros: their, your,
| suyos; feminine, my, mias; thy tuyas;
! his, her, its, your, suyas; our. nuestras;
| your, vuestras; their, your, suyas.
| A. The conductive possessive adjec-
| tives are not emphatic. Certain forms
| (su, sus, etc. are ambiguous, as the
above table shows. Emphasis may be
secured by using propio, own, after the
| possessive. Ambiguity is avoided by add
| ing the proposition de, or, and the dis
| jGnctive personal pronoun corresponding
| to the possessive word. The latter device
| is often varied by substituting the def
mite article for the possessiYe adjective.
| Observe the examples classified below
| Unemphatic or ambiguous-My padre,
my father: nuestro libro, our book; sus
| trabajos, their trials; su ito, his (her)
uncle.
Emphatic or in direct address-Padre
MIC, father; nuestro propio libro. our own
book; sus trabajos de clos. de elias; los
trabajos de ellos, de elias, their trials; su
tic de ell (de ella), his (her) uncle; su ito
de ", ell ito de ", your uncle.
49, Possession is denoted often by means
of the definite, article, when the connec-
ton plainly shows the possessor: Ell
soldado recibiol un golpe en- ell brazo,
! the soldier received wound in his arm;
ella levantoi los ojos, she raised her
eyes; bajol la cabeza, he bowed his head.
| a. Possession is denoted in another
| way not employed in English. 1t requires
! with the verb as indirect object the pos
| SCISSOR, usually represented by pronoun;
| and the indefinite article is required with
! the thing possessed. This is something
! personal, as a part of the body. an article
| of clothing equipment, a mental trait, etc.
| Examples: Besoja V. la mano. kiss
| you hand; lie tomo la mano. he took ms
| Cor herr hand; Sc heria Ell pecho, he was
shifting his (own) breast; me dueto la
| cabeza my head aches.
The Pessessiye Pronouns.
As. The possessive pronoun is regularly
preceded by the definite article, both
agreeing with the thing possessed: Su
padre des v. y ell milo, your father and
mine; milo amigos los yueStros, my
friends and yours; 10 mic 10 tuyo, mine
and thine.
The words that require explanation in
the following reading exercise are treat
ed in the foot notes, to which the figures
refer in order:
1. A Castillo q Leon.
NuevoO mundo(2) do Coion(S).
2. Dos expectaculos(D, verdared amente
90. sublimes(6). ofreceQ), Ia natqraieAa
(S), la contemplation del hombre; ell
| cielo(g. estrelladoGO, encimadl de nues-
tras cabezas ell sentimiento del deber
Q2) en- Ell fondoQS), de nuestra consciel-
1. New. 2. World 9. Columbus Sub
| iect Of preceding verb f. Sights, spec