davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1901-07-11
Agriculture.


Tbs isiissirs tIirpei 10 iron 80 esfay
resa btiots ssoasssll Litsrsry socisig ~
l. II. Terrell q Marshall Me;
sn well sssrs thsi istnlag IL Dol
corsiserea seu desirable oecupsiioa BY
mary people, ba, iLey arc lhoss Who OF
~ look u The safises. Tsey 90 uoi real
iEs ihs, ous half lbs people 10 The cities
hsvent enough 10 eat, ~hiIe Tie stenr
bali ere eass ei 10 . oonsisri sifcgsle TO
ostshise Ihen reisLbom.
People VITO ate dolss sell 10 the coca
Wy ireaaet,ly imagine isty will htlt .
the eosdIlion Of themselves aud isnllits
by moYieg 10 iown. 10 niue eases oct u
too II proves butter and costly niftake.
The snpstior edaea.ilp SHEA the pstee's
imasiue the children are seqaiiiag sentr
slly Gmcnnis TO hni lille, bat II iesSrls
big gives them 6istesis tot The farm. r
Tia, town life is tee Wofs, ros,ible
lraitiug for youbg people Is proven by
by history. Nearly oil tae great men OF
The world have eoms from the fsrn, The
reason is quite plain. The eounity boy,
il be il the right hind OF boy. spends
bis time building himself up mentally aud
ply sicslly. The city boz TOO often spends
bis Days 10 idieness and bis evenings OF
saloons OF theatres. He Is no. prepared
fer the battle oi life and is lait behind by
the country boy.
Another advantage OF farming 10 that
the farmer can DO absolutely true to his
convictions Tha lawyer, doctor OF mer
,aaui must study the whims Of clients,
items or customers, The isrmer has
. one 10 pesse but hiusali. He Is Q free
msp,
Still another advantage OF farming IS
tat the farmer never beesmes very rich
or very poor, neither Of which is defifs
be. Extreme poverty oeerades. and
efest riches have an equally bad elect 10
creating eIlraysgsnl habits snd general
selfishness.
Farming Is oil right as 90 occupation,
but could be made much more pleasant
,Lan il is il farmers would take more
nj. 10 it and themselves. The farmer
has ss much right as any one to wear o
good suit OF clothes and adorn and besuti
" bis home. 10 fact, it is bis duty TO do
90. II is also part OF bis duly to furnish
good reading matter for his family. We
,houla strive to elevate and dignity thu
bnsin So that any man could be prcud TO
ssY, | am . farmer.
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1901-07-11

R1ses like to be sytipg and WISHED
aheu The suo shines upon iheD. 10 which
thing they On 4 irem not Other plants
B.uius the c-olrrs, .-yfs is oolains %
TIE f1m 20 ,a.ily r.si as boz. E'eL
tue u os, sliisle iafnet esn raise l5se
o ao.s u SONS s9fi.
Tie nli A ian !. leser ealireiy cradle.
Cd ir5m ibr psrson abo delights 10 osn
in Irse last euonsh 10 thros the dasi
80 sts fyes OF bis psrishioaers.
II much easter 10 plant sbsls tree
pesr The Loase ltso u Il f. eniil dosa
= ga sitsr. vtea Is beeomss . ssifsBee
~ snsnses to The bsaiih 81 The i4niiy.
r. onlf sort q roa8 SEEK shish some
nsp sill DO sifa at PAT u to pi0s Hp
the aide Of tie ro.d 70 ssoar the plow
which they have len 10 the hsld slI winter.
Tue state Of soa.s D,kols 10 being
10 al agricultural sense by
The establishment Of cfesnefiss.
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1901-07-11
GET At The CAUSE.


ne Day Of Drastic Drugs and Pursativss
Has Gone By.
Constipation OF the bowels, usually
considered simple complaint, Is the
Trivial 1fides nesssGsscaea bec & assR2fs
most serious Of ailments. "a dose Of
physic will cure it is the usual remark.
But the dose never cures. 1t relieves
for the time, but aggravates tho COM
plant for the future, and next time q
bigger dose is needed. The bowels,
strained, weakened, poisoned by re-
peated dosing with strong drugs, be-
come more and more constipated, invit-
Ing appendicitis. deranged liver and
stomach, weakness Of the urinary or
gans, bad blood. and chronic organic
diseases OF various kinds. Constipation
should be cured promptly. Druggists
sell the one medicine that cures consti-
patton. They sell big bottle of it for
and they call it Calcura Solvent. IL
Is the latest discovery Of David Kenne-
dy, Physician and Surgeon, of Kennedy
Row, Kingston, N. Y, and il you write
to the above address, mentioning this
paper, you will receive small bottle
free. Or II your druggist does not keep
Calcura Solvent, send 81 and receive
large bottle by express, all charges paid.
Richard +. Johnston, OF Rondout,
N. Y, once the great centre fielder OF
the Boston Baseball Club, later with the
New Yorks and tho Cincinnatis, is
known all over America He took Cal
cura Solvent for constipation and torpid
liver OF long standing and was cured.
He recommends Calcura Solvent to ath-
letes. There are hundreds OF other
cases.
BY reason OF its cleansing and tonic
properties on the whole system, Calcura
Solvent puts not only the bowels, but
the stomach, liver, blood, kidneys, and
bladder in condition OF perfect health.
1t is not mere purgative, but thor
ough constitutional remedy that cures
by removing the morbid deposits that
cause disease.
The dl.coverer Of calcurs Solvent solemnly
swears that he Ia q physician and surgeon
k a ss on Pas %, ks ss ya1.a EnFsd9n
DR.. David Kennedy" go 10 a corporation 81
somewhat similar name, with tho manage
pent Of which he 10 no longer connected,
Eherci9ro i Il inpssTatiys 70 address payid
ik = kESH N D., kow Kingston N X
w ads. Of other parties ustno sinilar mama
Calcura Solvent is for Sale by
A. II. PETTIBONE,
Nrnrlntrp S,r-nrpp rrn,,a~n
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1901-07-11
DRUNKENNESS

sAFE. HARMLESS GUARANTEE CURE.
- Can be given secretely, patient viii
loose all taste FOR drink without knowing
Why. To advertise our remedy we will ms il 50
box, 10 days treatment for 81 90. Twu boxes
will cure any ordirary case Particulars for q
stamp, LALUE CHEMICAL co.,
lGl7 Arch st. phiia,, Pa
The Manchester journal. [volume] (Manchester, Vt.) 1861-current, 1901-07-11
HELp Our THE O. VS.

Farmers are more and more understand
ing the value OF continuous supply Of
sncculent foods for stock, and there lie
N ch effort on the part Of Gil the expert
meut stations to test the value OF forage
crops that will tend TO proong the pastur
age season. Most OF The grasses now ID
90 60 mon use are injured by the ususl sum
mer drouth, and then the pastures ate
drie up The value q the csw pea as On
| adj opct to the pasture is being recognized,
aud farmers will do well to study the
the sdsptibili.y Of this crop to their local.
ties Gov peas msy be sosn after grain
Is harvested. and will grow quicaly II
moisture enough TO ptrout them. The
seed bed should be 6rn. While they may
be sown broadcast, yet most farmers pre-
fer drilling them 10. II oil the tubes are
used 8 foe forage will be secured. though
'ome recommend nsi1s every other drill
ube. Usnslly bu bel and half Of seed
10 sown per acre
Cattle or SD, ep may be turned on them
when they have reached the blossonlng
stage, The lard on which has grown this
crop OF cox peas can be disked once or
twice late 10 August OF early 10 September
and so9p to rye. II will be best TO cross
di the second lime. When rye 10 Intend |
ed for fall pasture. there ond be not
less than tao and Que ball Bushels Of !
seed sosn per scrs. II should be kept
loosely graz % SO that ct will not iiot, for
when IL .ilts it. power u pfoduse much
pstture OF god pasture Is Destroyed.
The St. Louis Republic., 1901-03-31

cubic meter, showing that sweeping in
creased the number Of bacteria by thirty
times.
In q well-known church, from which Mr..
Firth obtained specimens Of air while the
building was being busted. he estimated the
number Of micro-organisms flying through
a cubic meter Of air Chat is. 1ittlo over
a cubic yard) to be 1S,13a That was the
number he obtained in his cultures Twelve
hours Letter, when the dust had settled, his
samples of air showed only 6,s5T organisms
per cubic meter. or less than one-third the
number.
When sufficient evidence Of micro-organ-
isms had been secured. Mr.. Firth made a
report to the College Of Physicians and Sur
geons Of New York. Some Of his con-
clrsions were startling.
He says carpets should be abolished from
theaters. churches and courtrooms; fiber
cts should be prohibited from cars and
boats: ponabsorbent flooring should be used
In all public places: dry sweeping should
rot be allowed in the presence Of numbers
of persons: damp cloths and wet sawdust
only should be used IN cleaning houses and
public buildings, because the latter arc set
Ting basins for microbe-laden dust; no at
tempt should be made to conceal dust and
dirt, as ia the aim Of certain absorbent
foer materials now commonly used. and
disikfection should not be substituted for
the removal Of accumulated dirt
The St. Louis Republic., 1901-03-31

fiber. BY placing in TASKS containing ster-
lie water some threadlike fbers of a Man
haitian Elevated mat and plating with gela-
tine measured quantity Of the water
after standing twenty-four hours have es-
timated that on fiber one and one-half
iIctes long from the outer surface of the
mat there were in this instance between
three and four million bacteria and on an
inner fiber Of the same length there were
nearly two million. Another test indicated
nine hundred thousand and one hundred
thousand respectively. This shows to what
degree these mats may become saturated
with dirt. These cocoa mats retain much
dirt, and though perhaps appearing clean.
they are at every footstep giving off to the
air dust rich In micro-organisms. some of
which may be pathogenic. Some nonab-
Eorbent material should be used in place Of
these mats, or in dry weather the floor
should be kept bare.
"Dust-free air in buildings and convey
anceS Is to be secured only by complete re-
moval OF all dirt and dust from surfaces
which may be disturbed during occupation.
Micro-organisms in the air or an occupied
room come from the room itself rather than
The St. Louis Republic., 1901-03-31
Startling Conclusions the Pollution Of the Air Through Sweep
inS and Dusnt Reached by Doctor Elmer W. Firth - ;.

! nisted with thick padding, which be-
comes thoroughly charged with dust On
dismissal when the whole assembly leaves
In body, this dust Is forced up into the
air as from bellows. and Is kept in sus-
pension by the motion Of the people until
all have left the building.
''The cleaning Of ferry-houses. slips and
hctts on all the ferries Is conducted with
the same lack Of system Sweeping with
straw broom after sprinkling of damp
sawdust is done at all hours Of the day in
both wet and dry weather. The dust stirred
up is inhaled by large numbers Of daily pas
sengers. On one occasion was observing
the floor Of the women's cabin covered with
this fine material in the morning after q
cay and night Of rain, when suddenly the
cabin door was opened and the draft
cleared the floor for distance Of q dozen
feet, sending cloud Of dust back through
the boat.
1.-THE use Of cocoa mats in railroad cars
establishes a condition that Is prejudcial,
If not perilous, to the health Of the psssen-
gers. These mats rapidly absorb all the
liquid filth which is deposited on them, and
part with It again after It has dried on the
The St. Louis Republic., 1901-03-31

Numerous Investigations. says Mr..
Firth, have demonstrated the presence Of
micro-organisms in the air everywhere and
under all conditions, except over the open
sea, on mountain submits and in the polar
regions, but they are found In greatest num-
bers in the vicinity Of large cities. and es-
peclally where poor hygienio conditions pre-
vail.
''The cleaning in public schools receives
too little attention. The classrooms are
swept with dry broom every afternoon,
and the busting is done in the morning be-
fore the school opens. Where twenty or
thirty rooms, with their seats and desks,
have to be busted by two men before 8
o'clock the process must be too rapid and
is usually accomplished by passing up and
down between the rows Of desks with
feather duster in each hand and brushing
the dust in tho air. Water Is seldom, II
ever, applied. AS a result the cracks be-
tween the floor boards become filed with
dust, which Is stirred up at least twice a
day during the physical culture which each
The St. Louis Republic., 1901-03-31

from the breath, skin or clothing Of per.
scIs present Expired air has repeatedly
been proved to be sterile, but that clothinS,
contributes largely to the contamination Of
air in such places needs no stronger proof
than the common observation Of the soiled
steps Of a public building being swept BY 4
woman's skirts. The greatest evil. howev-
er. is the stirring up of accumulated dust
and dirt from the floors, and the only rerne-
dy Is in regular washing with brush o2
wet cloth"
In schoolroom experiment. made with
out ventilation, 4.142 bacteria were esti-s
mated for a cubic meter Of air before Q:
busting operation. While the room was be-'
ing busted the number had increased to A.
42s. Forty-five minutes after dusting 1t ha65
dropped to ssh. and one hour and q hale
after busting it had gone down to the
normal rate.
On the roof OF a house on a clear Febru.-
cry day, with the ground wet from melting.
STOW, the filter indicated only 200 bacteria
per meter. An April day. with the streets
dry and dusty, yielded on the housetop oveH
10000 germs.
From all the foregoing. 1t looks as though
the dry broom is accountable for much Of
the sickness to which man is heir.
The St. Louis Republic., 1901-03-31

Kiely: 'They always follow up the big
professions For instance, there was a
horde of them in the wake Of Roosevelt on
his campaign tour. They always follow
Bryan. They manage to be around when
Mckinley is on a trip
Desmond: Now, such people haven't time
to loaf around Saloons
But. about how many criminals of all
degrees brought before you are of the class
that hangs around cheap saloons, cans beer
in alleys and turks about the street corners
in the slum districts?"
Desmond: About 60 per cent, should
say"
kiely: THAT is my estimate-just about
,every other man that is brought into head
quarters belongs to what you call the
saloon hangers-on' element"
Desmond: But they are not the big fell
lows They are the petty stick-up men,"
Kiely: And the most dangerous of tho
whole lot of criminals"
Desmond: beyond doubt. You see, the
professional thief has his speciality. Just as
a man in any other business. He carefully
weighs his chances. He makes his plans for
The St. Louis Republic., 1901-03-31

WRITTEN FOR THE sUNDA- REPUBLIC.
u Elmer W. Firth Of New York. fellow Of
lzaeolumbaa University, has been granted the
6dksgree Of doctor Of philosophy because he
be phas proved the common ordinary broom to
Etatbo q great menace to the public health.
Tk Mr.. Firth has been diligently on the trail
Buef tho broom. and has found that Its Use
Newwhisks up into the air countless millions
one Of microbes, which otherwise would lie
nosGuietly on tho ground out Of the reach Of
3.00the human being.
mar Armed with q machine for collecting the
fvegerms Mr.. Firth went into courtroonls,
aim 0choolrooms, churches. railway trains,
Unlstrset cars. ferryboats, etc.. and procured
pro>samples Of the air in each, in most cases
It 1hsforS and after sweeping. These samples
OF LOT air he took homo to his laboratory. and
cefJunder the microscope he counted the germs.
toni The result was, to say the least, remark
thgable, and points a significant moral In the
sldiHattsr Of public sanitation. For instance,
Ten Q single fiber one and a half inches long.
-faisn from the cocoa mating Of train,
Nr. Firth counted nearly two million bao-
iter1a It was an inner fiber, however, On
4 an outer fiber. which had long been exposed
to the feet of the multitude, there were
found between three and four million germs.
In IN ordinary room. previous to sweep
4 ing, the investigator found an average Of
/ cd esrms per cubic meter: after dry sweep
I 1ng he found an average Of 5000 germs per
The St. Louis Republic., 1901-03-31

Desmond: "But no such fine lines are
drawn by the hoboes-or, as you call them
the gang that hangs around cheap saloons,
They have no specialties. They do anything
from murder and robbery to just plain
sneak work; they are burglars, or pickpock-
cts. or purse-snatchers. or stick-up men. or
anything else in the line of crime, Just as
the opportunity presents itself"
Kiely: but they are not hotel sneaks or
forgers; they haven't got the brains for
that
Desmond: Such things as holding up bar
keepers and robbing the cash registers, and
locking the barkeepers in ice-boxes and
robbing the cash drawers-they are all the
work Of the lower class Of criminals. So
are most of the murders, where they result
from attempts at robbery"
Kiely: Eyes, most of the murders, whett-
er they follow attempts at robbery or not.
There are few murders among the more in
telligent element; most Of them are COM
mitted by hoboes. or raggers. or beer cam
ners. or whatever you choose to call them.
At any rate, among those classes which
The St. Louis Republic., 1901-03-31
sMosf murders are committed by
hang around saloons

WRfIInN FOR THE SUNDAY REPUBLIC.
Whence como the criminals of big city? :?
"From all parts of the world, and from
IN wales Of life." Is a comprehensive an
Ower.
But whence como the greater number Of
thenr Not the most important or most
ak1llful, but the greatest number2
According to Chief Of Police Mathew
Kiely and Chief Of Detectives William Des-
mond, they come from the neighborhood Of
saloons Of the lower order. and from tho
slums generally.
These police officials estimate that one
half OF the criminals brought before them
are frsQuenters Of low saloons.
They are not the great criminals-the
daring burglars. the expert pickpockets, the
clever swindlerA. Those do not hang around
saloons.
They are the '.petty larceny cases." as
Chief Kely calls them, tho cheap thieves
- Chief Desmond classes them
Tho heads of the police and detective
forces Of St Louis were discussing this
matter with Sunday Republic man the
Other day. The discussion was in the Office
Ct Chief Kie1y.
The St. Louis Republic., 1901-03-31

class Is obliged to take. This exercise be-
girs with marching in single file around the
room and back and forth between seats
after which tho pupils are instructed to
take long and deep breathe of tho dusty
air.
TN many factories and workshops cleanli-
ress receives only secondary consideration.
except where dust and dirt are known to
have danaging effect on the product man
ufactured. At one brass polishing establish.
nent, where dirty windows and poor light
make It necessary for workmen to hold the
metal close to the eye in order to examine
the surface. I was told by an employe that
three out Of ten Of the men employed had
died Of consumption within year. The
extensive trade in old rags and waste paper
affords opportunity for communicating dis
ease. and these materials are frequently
handled even within the living-rooms Of
those that deal in them. Ulrio in q rag
sorting room found from two million to four
million organisms per cubic meter Of air.
I'm soms theaters the noors are fur
The St. Louis Republic., 1901-03-31

stealing good sum of money or a valuable
lot Of jewelry with the least possible
danger to himself. He doesn't want to kill:
he doesn't want to DO anything but snatch
the goods and make his getaway. With
the ordinary hobo 1t is different. He doesn't
steal as a business. It Is not a high art with
him. When he gets broke. and can't make a
touch. or win at some gambling scheme, he
simply goes out to do a hold-up. All he
knows is to spring out from a dark corner.
slug man who has money, 60 through his
pockets. get three or four dollars, and hurry
to a saloon to spend it. He doesn't caro-
whether he only stuns the man, or kills
him.
Kiely: '"That is what makes him 50 dan
gerous. 1t is not SO serious a matter to be
robbed Of three or four dollars: but to take
a life for that sum is something that seems
altogether diabolical."
Desmond: 1.-THE frst-class thief has no
use for the beer-canning cheap guy"
kiely: mot a bit in the world never
saw one that didn't say every one Of the
hoboes ought to be hanged. and he would
be glad to help at the hanging"
The St. Louis Republic., 1901-03-31

Desmond: you see. criminals are special
lists, ana they hate anybody that will come
into their field in an improper way. The
burglar will not snatch a purse: the pick
pocket will not enter a house: the hotel
sneak will not forge q check, and the forger
Will not invade the hotel sneak's domain"
Kiely: "And moro than that: Each burg
lar or pickpocket or hotel sneak or forger
has his own individual way Of doing busi-
ness. Suppose We hear Of burglary out in
the West End. The case is given to Chief
desmond to work up. The first thing he
does is to find out how the house was en-
tered-whether by means OF skeleton key
or by breaking the glass. or by cutting the
window cords. or by climbing porch. When
he finds this out a good part Of his work is
done. If a skeleton key was used, the
chances are that one Of a certain small set
did the job: IL the window or door glass
was broken. It was the work Of another
class; If the window cord was cut, 1t was
still another class; and II porch-climbing
was the means resorted to. he knows that
he must look for the thief among the coll
ony OF porch-climbers."
The St. Louis Republic., 1901-03-31
members Of those classes which
and infest the slums."

1.-THE great thieves. and the best-known
criminals of all classes do not come from
the saloon atmosphere" said Chief Kiely.
You rarely ever catch one there" said
Chief Desmond
kiely: They are too clever for that
They want to keep their heads clear. and,
therefore. keep away from such places"
Desmond: Not only that, but they are
looking for bigger game than they can find
among the hangers-on around cheap
salcons.-
Kiely: You see, they have nothing to
work on there. And besides. the police are
always suspicious of the freQuenters of
such places"
Desmond: Your skillful high-class thief
is too busy to spend his tifhe in such places.
He has a route that Is as fixed as that Of
any campaign speaker
Kiely: ''Or drummer"
Desmond: when we catch one Of these
big fellows, we almost Invariably find that
he is in possession of a list OF cities in
which great gatherings arc to be held
places to which men with money will
come"
The St. Louis Republic., 1901-03-31

hang around saloons and infest the slumsN =
Desmond: And your professional thie3
has the most wholesome hatred for his
cheap competitor. While I was In Hot
Springs one of the smoothest thieves Of the
country took occasion to hold little con-
versation with me. wish they would catch
and hang every one Of the cheap hoboes.s
he said. They ruin our business. They do
murder when there is no necessity for 1t.
They go out on little dinky hold-up Jobs
where they can't hope to get more than
half dollar. or five dollars at the outside.
They sandbag, and slug, and stab, and do
any devilment that comes handy. 1ust be-
cause they haven't the brains to do good.
clean job once in a while and live easy.
What's the use Of killing a man when there
are so many safe ways Of separating him
from his money?-and money Is all that
anybody wants."
What Is the renedy?'
Desmond: Don't talk to me about RENEE
dies" 2
Kiely; '.This is not the remedy depart.
ment.''
The St. Louis Republic., 1901-03-31
Crew Of the Last Cable Train.

ately the work Of preparing the tracks for
electric cars began, and next morning troll
ley cars had permanently supplanted tho
cable in its last position in st. Louis. Grip
man Miller, who has been with the Olive
street line for fifteen years. is now . mo-
torman. Conductor Johnson also has
trolley car run.
The St. Louis Republic., 1901-03-31

WRITTEN FOR THE SUNDAY REPUBLIC.
These are the men who ran the last
cable train in st. Louis. They took out
Olive street line Thursday evening" March
Il, and turned them into tho shed-the last
train Of the night-at 1920 p N. Immedi-
The St. Louis Republic., 1901-03-31

hdmph drumbso
Of da edpare osltn
The St. Louis Republic., 1901-03-31
NINE. IDA F1TzHuaH SHEPARD.


Shepard originally
singing
Church Wnbeo on