The Cook County herald., 1901-12-14
DAIRY AND POI ,TR
INTERESTING CHAPTERS FOR o,,R
RURAL READERS.
is'o' noW Successful Farmers operate Tb,.
department OF the Farm Few.
Hints as to the Care of Live stool
and Poultry.
Testing an Air-praft e,,,,,rn

Testing an AIR Draft Ci,urn.
every once in awhile new com
Eany is formed to manufa cture air.
araft churns, otherwise known as icy.
clone churns. Probably the manu-
.acIurers .'tl are honest and believe they
,iave good thing, having been led
70 tnat position by the glib-tongued
owner OF the patent. At the Missouri
Agricultural college recently a churn
" tnls variety was tested. G. L. Will
iousnoy, instructor in dairying at the
colege thus tells of the test: il.
me machine contains a horizontal
reV'ooivlng ,E'',o dash, operated by large
crank wheel and chain gearing. On
the under side Of dash are air tubes
connected with an upright hollow pipe,
1rom which air is forced through the
cream by means of the centrifugal
aorce generated from the high speed
OF tne dash. 1t happened to be the
regular churning day at the9 college,
any a tue agent was given couple of
gallons Of cream ready for churning,
Whlle the remainder of the large
cnurn1ng was put into combined
cnurn and worker, operated by hand
po"er. Ihe amount of cream put into
tne alr-draft machine was exactly Is
ios., 1o o., testing "A per cent fat,
WIN an acidity by the Mann's test of
10 OF one per cent, and temperature
d. start OF Sc deg: The cream was
enere1ore in almost ideal condition for
pioouc1ng good butter in the shortest
'lme possible considering quality.
>, ooth churns were started at the
same Time, and worked with a will.
Inc minutes heightened from 5 to 10,
ana then from Is to 20, with the air.
oratt Separator still foaming wildly
without producing butter.
AT the end Of rs minutes the com
olned churn was stopped, with butter
granules the size of wheat grains. AT
tne end of 90 minutes the Air-draft
churn produced granules the size Of
mustard seed. Toward the close of
the work it seemed to run very hard,
and the air bubbles from the intake
pipe were very slow and few,f owing
10 tne thickness of the cream. Tenn
perature OF buttermilk at time gran
ules formed was 63 deg. in the COM
D1ned churn, and IS deg. in the Air
ufa1t churn. On testing the butter
MIX from both sources, it was found
the combined churn lost 80 of / per
cent lat, while the first sample from
the A1r-draft churn showed a loss of
40 OF I per cent and the second sample
loss of .65 of 1 per cent or an aver
age Of SIS of 1 per cent which is en-
urely too heavy loss for close econ
omy in large enterprises.
Inc arrangement Of air pipes does
without doubt force air. through the
cream, especially at the start, but it
is not at all certain that this aids in
the ehurning. This might help to take
out bad odors if the cream contained
such. But the revolving dash in the
center of a stationary vessel fails to
agltate all parts alike, and requires a
longer time than box or barrel churn,
as shown by the above test.
The machine does not meet the true
scientific requirements of the best
churn1ng apparatus, and is exorbitant
in price compared with small, size bar
rel churns. and cannot be recommend
ed to the farmer. While it is no doubt
true as claimed by the inventor, that
butter can be churned in this machine
from f0 five fo oo&
Is no less true Of any ordinary box or
barrel churn under the same condi-
tions. By raising the temperature of
the cream high enough, butter may be
produced in this short time by almost
any churn. But what kind of butter
results, when using temperatures of
rs deg. or even 80 and 80 deg? Any
one who knows the elements of dairy
ing Is acquainted with the fact that
such high temperatures will produce
butter of poor quality, soft and salvy,
weak bodied and without proper grain.
This one mistake of too high temper
azure Is one of the greatest causes to-
day Of poor quality in butter made on
the farm.
1t should be noted that the adver-
tising matter of this so-called Air
draft Separator fails to make any
statement about the churning temper
! ature, when reciting tests where but
ter granules broke in 1 to S minutes.
| < Honey Extracted. >Er4
Before the Ontario Beekeepers' AS
! sociation recently the production of ex-
J tracted honey was discussed 4 by Alex
! Dickson of Lancaster, who said in