The leader. [volume] (Brookhaven, Miss.) 1895-1905, 1901-12-04

times needs TO have the helpins hand ont
stretched to him. To be permanently ef- |
iectiVe aid must always take this form Of |
helping a man to help himself. and we !
can all best help ourselves by joining to- |
terest to ALL"
The Immigration Laws.
he pronounces our present immigration
Jaws unsausfactory In which connection
hcient immigrant fitted to become an
American citizen, every immigrant who
strong bod socd h waS s snd resoits
purpose to dc his duty well in every way
and to bring up mis- children as law-abiding.
But he says:
There should be a comprehensive law
enacted with the object of working a
threefcld Improvement over our present
system. First, we should aim to exclude
absolutely not only all persons who are
known to be believers in anarchistic prin-
ciples or members of anarchists socie-
ties, but also all persons who are of a
low moral tendency or OF unsavory repu-
tation. This means that we should re-
quire a more thorough system of inspec-
t'cn abroad and a more rigid system OF
examination at our immigration ports,
the FORMER being especially necessary.
The second object Of a proper immi-
careful and not merely perfunctory edu-
cational test some intelligent capacity to
appreciate American institutions and act
sanely as American citizens. This would
not keep out all anarchists, for many of
them belong to the intelligent criminal
class, but 1t would do what is also in point
that Is, tend to decrease the sum of ig
norance so potent in producing the envy,
suspicion, malignant passion and hatred
OF order out OF which anarchistic senti-
ment Inevitably springs. Finally all per-
sons should be excluded who are below
a certain standard OF economic fitness to
enter our industrial, field as competitors
Gh hA
proper proof Of personal capacity to earn
an American liviEg and enough money to
insure Gecent start under American con-
di!ions This woElc step the influx of cheap
lahor and the resulting competition which
gives rise TO SO much of bitterness in
American Industrial l!fe. and It would dry
conditions in our great cities where an
archistic organizations have their great
est possibility of growth"
The Tariff.
The president does not desire any change
In the present tariff schedule except where
such may be made in reciprocity treaties
and recommends the adoption of reciproc,
ity treaties and the general policy of reci-
proclty as means of opening the doors Of
foreign nations to our commerce. in which
connection he says:
Every application of our tariff policy to
meet our shifting national needs must be
conditioned upon the cardinal fact that the
duties must never be reduced below the
point that will cover the difference between
the ldDOr COST mere ana ABROAD. The well
being of the wageworker is a prime consid-
legislation.
Subject to this proviso of the proper
protection necessary to our Industrial
well being at home the principle of reci-
procity must command our hearty sup
port. The phenomenal growth of our
export trade-emphasiZes the urgency of
the need for wider markets and for a lib
eral policy In dealing with foreign ma
lions. Whatever is merely petty and yex-
should be avoided. The customers to
whom we dispose of our surplus products
In the long run directly or indirectly pur-
something in return Their ability to pur-
chase our products should as far as pos
sible be secured by so arranging our tar
those products which We can use without
harm to our own industries and labor or
the use of which will be of marked benefit
to US.
1.-THE natural line of DEVELOPMENT for a
policy of reciprocity will be in connection
with those of our productions which no
longer require all of the support once
basis, and with those others where either
because of natural or of economic causes
we are beyond the reach of successful
II ask the attention Of the senate to the
reciprocity treaties laid before it by my
predecessor"
The Merchant Marine.
The president pronounces our merchant
marine "discreditable to us as nation and
insignificant to that of other nations which
We overtop in other forms of business.
and says We should not longer submit to
tion of our great commerce Is carried In
our own ships. OF this he says:
''To remedy this state of things would not
merely serve to build up our shipping in.
terests, but 1t would also result in benefit
to all who are Interested In the perma-
rent establishment Of q wider market for
ores M na SSg gSps woaR
for their own countries just as railroads
work for their terminal points. Shipping
lines If established TO the principal coun-
tries with which we have dealings, would
be of political as well as commercial ben
eft. From every standpoint 1t Is unwise
upon the ships Of competing nations for the
distribution of or goods. 1t should be
made advantageous to carry American
goods IL American built ships"
His recommenGaticn on this subject is
only that "our government should take
such action as will remedy these inequali-
ties. The American merchant marine
should be restored TO the ocean"
Finances.
Under this heading the president recon-
mends such legislation as will better safe
guard against the jcranging influences of
Commercial crises aid financial panics and
such as will make the currency of the
country moro responsive to the demands
of domestic trace and commerce.
he POINTS out the TACT tDat the receipts
from duties on imports ard internal taxes
exceed the eXpt Gturcs of the govern
ment, but counsels against reducing the
revenues SO that there Will be the posi-
tility of deficit.
But after providing against any such
contingency Means Should be adopted
which will bring the revenues more nearly
within the limit of our actual needs"
He urges the necessity for strict economy
in expenditures, but that "our national
| needs forbid us to be nggardly in the mat
| ter Of providing whatever is actually nee
essary to our well-being."
Interstate Commerce
He points to defects in the interstate
| commerce law, and recommends amend
ments to correct them, in which connection
he says:
Those who complain of the management
of the railways allege that established
rates are not maintained, that re-
bates and similar devices are habitually
resorted to. that these preferences are
usually in favor of the large shipper, that
they drive out of business the smaller
competitor. that while many rates are too
low many others are excessive and that
gross preferences are made affecting both
localities and commodities. Upon the 9TH
err hand, the railways assert that the law
by it's very terms tends to produce many
Of these illegal practices by depriying car
riers of that right of concerted action
NJ thew claim is necessary IN esfa H.