davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
M'CLEARY'S LETTER
ON NATL BANKS

Washington, Dec, sI--R Representative
McCleary Of Minnesota has addressed
the following letter to some $500 per-
sons, representative men In each state
and territory In the Union:
Ut has been suggested to me by Sow
eral gentlemen Interested IN national
banks and DESTROYS Of rendering them
as useful as possible to the communl-
ties IN which they are located that il
would be well to amend the national
bank act so as to permit national banks
In the smaller places, whore the client
Gle OF tho banks Is largely rural, 70
loan a portion OF their resources on
real estate security II the proposition
seems wise to those who have practical
knowledge Of such matters, | may In.
troduce a bill after the holidays pro.
viding for the amendment. with that
In view desire the benefit OF your
Judgment In the matter and will APP
preciate an early answer to the fol-
lowing questlonsi
lido you believe that such an
amendment viii be In the public inter-
est2 II so, why2 II not why not?
"2-lf your first answer be ailrma-
tive, whore would you draw the line
between those national banks that may
and those that may not make such
loans2 Would you make the capitallza-
ton Of the bank or the population OF
the town where the bank Is located the
basis OF such classification Why2
"S--Just what percentage and Of what
would you specify IN the amendment2
That 49, would you grant the permits
sion as TO certain percentage Of the
capital Of the bank OF as TO a certain
percentage Of its loanable funds2 Why2
(Suggestlone running from % per cent
to 10 per cent OF the capital OF the bank
have been fnade)
~ Would you limit the operation Of
the amendment to farm loans or would
you iiclude town property Why?
% Would you permit loans under the
amendment on first mortgages only, or
would you permit such loans as meet
the approval Of the board Of directorsT
Why2
&C. Would you require al loans under
the amendment should have the APP
prevail Of the directors before being
made? Why
a. Have you any other suggestions
as TO the proposition OF an amendment
II |. should be made2
"S--Are you willing to have me quote
you on the above points In any re-
marks that | may make on the sub
iect2"
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
Partition or Quictcd Title,

The case OF Robert x. Smith VS. Mich
ael Gibbons ct al is on trial before
Judge Stewart Of the district today.
There are two causes Of action, first,
to quiet title 10 an eighty-seven-feet-
square piece Of land on the west side of
Main Bingham canyon, known as Nc
CURE & CO.'S patent No go In which
plaintiff claims ono-ffth interest; and
second for a partition Of the property
IN question or. &c this cannot he eff
focte1 without injury 10 the property,
@ sale and division Of the proceeds. The
original patent is said 20 have run TO
Smith Thomas Gibbons and the nelrs
Of William Gibbons
Default Of the unknown heirs was en-
tered Plaintin rested his case during
the forenoon and the defense COM
mancod the Introduction Of testimony.
Plaintiff is represented by Attorney J.
R. BowlIe and the defendants by At
torney N j Sheckpn
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
Wants secy. Wilson to Remain,

Washington, Dec. 2f.--The cabinet
met as usual today but no business was
transacted. The session was occupied
in the exchange Of holiday reminiscent
ces. The most positive denials are
given Of the story published today that
h. c. Diobern. secretary OF the state
board OF agriculture of Kansas, Is 70
succeed Secretary Wilson. When the
fact that Gov. Shaw had accepted the
tender OF the treasury portfolio was
made public, the announcement was
made that Secretary Wilson would re-
main Ia the cabinet, and today the
same statement was reiterated at the
White House in the most emphatic
manner. The President Is anxious that
secy. Wilson should remain In, ana the
secretary has Informed the President
he would be glad to do so.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
POLICE AND FIRE
Changes Being Inaugurated at Tie
Two Stations,

Judge Dlehl expects to occupy bis
new Office which Is being fitted UP for
him, by The first Of the year.
For some time workmen have been
busily engaged In clearing out room
at the rear Of the fire station The
place is to be thoroughly cleaned and
re-papered and painted. AZ the head
Of the stairs leading into the old police
court room, door Is being cut leading
into the judges new Office, II is eE-
pected the furniture viii be moved IN
about the arst Of next week
The two large rooms being fitted up
by the Gre laddies for their parlor and
library viii. soon be completed and
when they are the boys boys expect
to give a little entertainment to their
friends.
Just now the fremen are rejoicing
In the receipt Of a number Of Christ
mas presents, The Kentucky Liquor
company sent them over a gallon Of
twelye-year.old whskey and a box OF
fine cigars, The Wood Grocer & Pro-
duce company remembered them with a
crate Of fine bananas and Walker Bros.
and Manager MoNamec Of the Salt
Lake Athletic club sent them some fine
cigars.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
T0DAY'S REALTY TRANSFERS

Following Is today's record OF real
estate transfers, made in the office OF
the county recorder up to o'clock this
afternoon,
Il. T. Pope to John c. Lynch. war;
ranty deed part Of lot 9, block
IS, plat Be-. ,,-., ,,,.,.,...S /
j, G. c. Glanheld and wife to VIII
liam H. Edwards, warranty
deed, part of lot !, block 10, plat
J''..s... $50 -. -, 80 .t'tss'..
William II, Edwards TO william
f. Nesen, warranty deed, part
Of lot l, block 10, plat J.."n.. |
George Mullett TO G, H. Ward ct
al, deed Legislator lode In West
Mountain mining district. " -. 10
A. w. Forman OF al TO Robert
Watson, deed, Legislator lode In
West Mountain mining district,
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
UNIQUE COMPETITION.
Sentence Written on Post Card 3,064
Times With Pen.

A. ]. Swenson a clerk employed In
the shoe department Of the u. G. NJ l.,
has performd the feat Of writing with
pen and ink upon the back Of an ordln-
airy post caii the words o. s. Jensen
& Sons jewelers., 50 Main Street." no
less than 500 times, He stlll lives to
tell the tale The feat occupied him
just forty-two hours Mr. swenson
accordingly captures the ladys gold
watch with he diamond setting offered
to the prize winner In this unique COM
petition. The less fortunate ones who
nearly rulrM their eyeslght and
burned score Of gallons Of coal oil In
the attempt To take down the prize
numbered over 200 and they sent In
contributions from all over the United
States, In fad one Of the cards came
from Sweden All kinds OF commune
cations accompaned the pasteboards,
the majority Of which were not legible
TO the naked eye They ranged from
afFldavits down 10 the note from the lit-
tie girl who said she would have got
more on the ard only II was not large
enough. One man affirmed that II took
him exactly gh hours to get his 1913
sentences trolfened to the card Some
of those who established records and
incidentally made the cards look like
new styles b calico patterns. were X.
Il. Mcleod, 1880, Mary Patten. $500;
w. l.. Olmstad 1879; Il. T. Klmball,
1890; +. A. BADGER l63'i Miss Leigh
block. $50.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
PERSONALS.

Frank Harris has returned from an
extended trip east
Superintendent Sam Tarbet Of tho
Estella mine Mt Milford Is enjoying
the holidays in this city visiting with
his parents,
prof r. w. Smith, formerly principal
Of Gordon Academy in this city writes
friends here that he Is enjoying greatly
his new position Of instructor In peda-
goglcal work az the Nebraska state
University and Is making excellent
heaGwal
Superintendent of Schools L. A, os-
tein OF Eureka, is a prominent attend
ant OF the Teachers convention, and Is
stopping with his Wife at the Knuts-
ford. be speaks IN the highest terms
Ct the work being accomplished In Eu
reka, and Of the natural brightness Of
the children there
Miss Caroline Paine, principal Of
Gordon Academy hos gone to San
Francisco on pleasure trip.
President W. J. Kerr Of the Agrlcul-
tural College Is O guest at the Ken
yon, and ID taking an active interest
IN the Teachers convention,
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
BIG MUSIC HOUSE DEAL.
h n. jenkins Temple of Music
Changes Hands.

A big piano house deal is being con-
summated today understood to be a
$4,000 cash deal, and it was expected
that the entire transaction would be
closed up before 6 O'Clock this evening
The deal IS the outright purchase OF the
piano business Of r. ~ jenkins & Co..
ana ne parties making the purchase
are Col. N w Clayton. Prof. j. ]. Me-.
Clellan, ", G. Spence and Henry Giles.
VINO take possession as soon as the
transaction is completed. Mr. jenkins
win remove as soon as possible to CAL
ifornla after a fifteen years residence
IN this city, owing TO the illness Of Mrs.
jenkins and their little son, whose re-
moyal to sea level Is urgently recon-
mended by their physician.
IL has not yet been decided who the
manager Of the new concern with be-
but Messrs, Mcclellan and Giles, Il IL
understood VIII make the music parIors
Their headquarters. The company win
be named aud Incorporated in a few
days.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
WATER REPORT APPROVED

Judge Morse today approved the IL.
port OF Water Commissioner ]. FeUson
smith. Hearing of the report and the
objections thereto was resumed this
morning Mr. Smith was recalled far
Iurlher cfoas-examInation. and HYMN,
nehhlon was called TO the stand p; ts ,.'
, wy on behalf of Bennlon q Benn,or
The case was then argued nv ,t '.,,'''ol.
l -. = stewart J II Noyle. r. S Rjcb.
eIus ana ~ a. Wedgwood. and tIa
courI ovefruled the objections Ia nc
Commissioners report ~ " 0'e
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
LATE LOCALS.

Arthur L. Armstrong, elevator boy at
the Knutsford, leads the list IN the
most popular elevator boy contest
The published report that the prison
ers of the city jail did not get q
special Christmas dinner was a miss
take. The matron Of the institution
called at the News Office today and
clearly showed that they had a par
ticularly good bill Of fare, II included
roast pork mashed potatoes, dressing
bread, pickles, tea and mlnce pie. on
Thanksgiving day they received a SINH
lar dinner except that on that occasion
plum pudding was included In the des-
sert,
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
Theo. Duddleston, Jr., Arrested.

81. Louis, Dec. 25.--Theodore Duddle-
atom .Jr, formerly assistant bookkeeper
Of the Stock Yards Bank Of East ST.
LouIs. H.. was arrested today on a
warrant sworn to by Charles T Jones,
manager of the National Sotck Yards
charging him with embezzlement- The
amount named in the warrant as EN-
bezzled is Sl1,S5i, M
Duddleston resigned his position with
the stock Yards bank and Informed the
hank officials Of the shortage on NOV.
81 He declared that speculation IN
stocks and grain was the cause OF MS
trouble. ,.. .,,,,o no
a, New York was on Duddlestons bond
10 The bank to the amount OF NV'VVV
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
APOSTLE YOUNG BETTER,


The report that Apostle Brigham
Young was lying critically III at Farm
lngton, New Moxco, SO alarmed Flesl-
dent Smith and bis associates that y
was decided to send Apostle WoodfuH
10 his bedside with all possible haste
This would have necesstated a most
peflous Journey by stage from Nancos,,
Colorado to Pennington a distance 9l
sIyty miles over The mountains. u
would have been fraught with greater
danger than usual at this time OF ihe
wear, but Apostle Woodruff was making
ready THIS morning TO leave al once
WIN President Smith received q letter
from Apostle Young, written by NM
soli stating that he was much bellsr,
II was therefore decided to delef
APOSTLE WoOdrufs journey for the
premnt, but Apostle Young viii pc
Communicated with constantly ana
Elder Woodruff VIII hold himself N
readiness to leave al moments notice
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27

,. ,,nolnted one OF the general
lrooCcyctarles Of the board OF ehuroh ga
s .eos lon Of the NJ u. church WIN hea ,.1
W .nrtors in philadelphia by the po"'u
So+hisbops and general managers n,
OF o, glS" doctor stated his pleasure thls
luJ ,g nm being able 10 see q niue OF
l epi, fose city once more, ana salu )
sall l'' nrosneotlng tour TO the Rocky
s .,ll,v, u country end the Poellc coast
Moul'i interest of my society The out
ID Wv sor me church work was never
, o,ope encouraging In the thlrty-hve
i ,nore mo society has been IN eNls'Sn oo6
7, hss holped into existence over lSVVV
u n" bindings. principally along the
onu,o orr frontier and IN the Rocky
W,eaw,,ab rolnlry and among the col
Mo9" , uoorlo of the south Altogether
o.cu r 4 100000 has been expended In the
"g nr mn said he could only spend me
ady IN this cty as his engaBemeiltS
ua"1sd him TO Butte TO preach on sun
gau'V and he would leave on tonights
oay ,,"und train. Thence he goes to
n n,Snno seattle Portland San Fran
c cco and Los Angeles and intermediate
Cl s,nts nr nm said he hoped to re-
mrn to Salt Lake later for a Few days y
, .,av bnt he must be east again by
st'yob TO attend the spring CONFER
Nee ncos In his belief the spiritual condl-
inn M the United states has made a
W." Improvement, within the last five
,oors In particular
v Inv response 10 questions the doctor
.ol1 mere was more or less Of an eff
sor, In tho East for a constitutional
aayn,,onJment TO the constitution prohib-
nIv polygamy. but he could not give
Y, ~" 6oninlon as to the status OF them as
Ne NJ wa, gork took him entirely out Of touch
,D,b tbo influences pushing that move
m " forward and he would not veu-
,r , 40 saw what the outcome would be,
Iu.' I'M said he always had a warm
rloce in his heart for Utah and It's peo-
,ie and there was no place In the
lo,,ntry 40 dear to him as Utah.
N'A''Nff 4. asaaaasss=ae==s
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
-FOUR MEN KILLED.


Scranton. Pa, Dec, 27-An Ontario
ana Western railroad coal train ran
away on the heavy down grade on the
Scranton division east Of Ponytele,
near Preston Park In passing a switch
II Jumped the track, punging down
Hill for nearly 100 feet The engine ana
forty loaded gondola cars were piled In
mass Four men were killed as fol-
lows
Engineer whiting, of Mayfeld yard.
Flremtn Charles Mlllard, of Carbon
dale.
Two tralnmen, whose names are NOT
yet known.
Conductor Smith escaped death. but
Is badly injured. The track was covered
with sleot and snow and the air brakes
refused to work going down the noun
tain. The train passed Winwood at the.
rate of so miles nm hour,
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
Guam's First Governor Dead.

Washington, Deco. 27.--The navy
yard dated today: capt. Richard p.
Leary U $. ~, died this morning at
marine hospital Chelset"
Capt. Leary was the first governor of
Guam when the island came into the
possession of the United states. Capt.
Lcary was relieved Of the command OF
the receiving ship Richmond last DC.
tober on account Of heart trouble and
granted six manths' leave Of absence.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
Funeral of Maj, Belknap,

Washington, Dec, 27.--Funeral SER
vices were conducted at Arlington GEM
etery today over the remains Of Mai,
Hugh r. Beiknap late paymaster In
the y. s. army who died IN the Philip
pines. The casket containing the body
was escorted from the depot by q
squadron Of cavalry from Fort Meyer.
A large number Of army and congress
sional friends were at the cemetery to
pay their last tribute Of respect.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
An AmerIoan Leases pItton park.

London, Dec. CIV. Curtis Wake
field Of New York is the American who
has leased Ditton Park, near Windsor
for the coronation year, Il Is mag
nlfcent mansion, surrounded by a
broad, deep moat, which Is crossed by
a single bridge, through an arch gate
house. A park Of 300 acres surrounds
the residence, which was the home of
the late Duchess Of Buccleuch.
The agents Of the estate hope that
Mr.. Wakefield will ultimately purchase
the pTOporty
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
Bark Henrietta Goes Aground.

Astoria, Oregon, Dec 27.--Last night
the French bark Henrietta, loaded
With red wood and bound for the Unit
ed Kingdom, went aground on reef
of rocks Just above the depot of the
Astoria. Columbia River railroad, on
the south side of the channel during
storm. She settled on both her an
chors and Il is supposed that they
forced a hole in her bottom causing her
TO sink The captain has filed pro-
test with Acting French Consul Cherry
against the tug Wallula for leaving
him at anchor there yesterday when
the captain spoke the tug and was an
swered that the bar was all right.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
steve frederick shoots Three Men.

New York, Dec. 27.--steve Bederlck
shot three men in the streets OF Pas
sale. n. j., and when finally captured
he would have been lynched had II not
been for the firm stand made by local
Justice OF the peace and a few citizens
frederick had quarreled with John
stondt and In rage shot him IN the
neck. Bederick tried to run away but
was followed by crowd into which he
fired, one ball striking Anton Stull In
the thigh and then w0unding a man
named Lavellc In the arm After all
the chambers IN Bederlck's revolver
had been emptled his pursuers closed
in on him ans overpowered him Be
fore he could be rescued from his cap
tors he was terribly beaten, Stondts
wound Is dangerous.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
Baocarrat PLAYERS Fyne,led

Vienna, Dec 27-Emperor Francis
Joseph has ordered the expulsion from
Austria Of the principals In the baccnr.
rat game OF Dec q, when at the Vienna
Jockey club. Count Polocki lost 500 900
forms In three hours play Count paila-
vlnoini winning most Of the money
Counts John and Jos. Potocki have re.
tired 70 Russia.
Gambling for large amounts Of money
is Illegal in Austria
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
SSn ARE IN SESSION,
continued from Dneo o mel.

49, u eloou,n, address. o G%'' max.
delivered S,1.s of Of tSc association nss S
ING Ia, number ,So appointment , Of an ne he
ia oIS1nt committee g !, p ol re mem
names Z. ana aopooonmcnt ga no no nDeoroIo.
committee second p ylce prss sso, should
g aaa o ., sy,V suptlntehd'aait ts so' ex.
Be made committee Mrs. ,s sg 10 any
ecuuys 80 having Of salaries ~ y those
o o'Noer Of the association l' O'''
doing purely ,,roo MS. Mcyickers , sUss an.
Acting 9.n upV' Van cot moved ,l lI, t Sp
Imminent VrI Of the req1ls l me president
poln' ,,,er IN the evening lhe P''
and la, csd tbem as follows, 80, T. NJ.
cI NUl,i'@ aSd A. c. Nelson. ..y George
e, cnn,nSsiilution- SAMUEL POKE" WV
a Eaton. Richard y ,,l Lypp1 4. u. VIII
- .nditlng-~W s Marh'' 2"
con. "a II Christensen Mls'
,,s,Ile Ferron and A, = Ma'n'vWy' NJ.
Terobgy-A, 9, Nel'0u
l a. / Kerr .hotl
stewart W. George NJ MaFno"'
William l,'. A', n,S,Coafsd BY Miss EIla 81 q
a papu ollmars superintendent VI
I uMn , yoS"s' WAS. what the f i9or
lds 'p rirbi 70 expect from the h''u''
sg wIss Mary c. May director 81, Oh ,, ,d.
,,ads9 9 department Of tne eI or
s,uy, ~ lItah read On abe papG.I ~
,s Mns' e, W" iGe primary School pr I. y,
e ,ai,,, ip1mball al theB y Academy y
provo. followed with q puhse"' u'''"'
eIon Of thc previous paper nos IN.
prof Oshea being present Nas yd nv
,iied 10 sneak He responded IN y ,.,,
nanny Vein. He spoke Of lhe gg ,aiio,,
aonaiglgg,yasilc interest that Is being laNe -,
n odilcatlon by both teachers 1 hi
n,lvaie citizens and illustrated n r.,
Ideas with a number Of humorous ' s,V,
les He made a fine impression upon
me- teachers and was heartily up
nIauded.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
Judge Humphreys Resigns.

Honolulu, Dec. 20. via San Francisco,
Dec. 7-(Correspondence OF the Asso-
ciated Press. 1T Is reported here on
good authority that First Circuit Judge
a. s. Humphreys is sending his reslg-
nation 10 the department Of Justice by
this mail. This Is said TO have been his
Intention for some time but he declines
10 state whether he means 10 resign or
NOT, The Judge has been holding court
continuously Since his return here from
Washington,
The islands have been visited by a
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27

since his resignation month ago
Special Agent Wicken, Of the company,
has been wlthDuddleston all the time
iDuddleston, II Is said, has assisted IN
investigating the books az the bank.
Duddleston. as soon as arrested,
waived examination before Justice
DriFcoll aud was placed under $4,000
bond TO appear before the grand jury
Of the st. Clair county circuit at Belle
vile, Jan, 10 next lie furnished bonds
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
TO Bind Attel-McGovcrn Agreement

New York, Dec. 27,--"Jack" KcKen-
ma, Of Denver. deposited a forfeit Of
81 COO today to bind match between
Abe Attel and Terry McGovern for the
featherweight championship Of the
world. McKenna stipulates that the
bows shall meet at 1872 pounds, the
featherweight limit, the bout to take
place regardless Of the outcome of the
coming contest between McGovern and
Sullivan.
sam Harris, McGovern's manager, Is
out of the city, but will be back tomor-
row when he will consider the PROPOSE
tion.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
Edison Yacht Purity Safe.

Norfolk, Va, Dec. 27.--A message was
received here from Beaufort, S. c., to-
day saying that the Edison party Is.
alive and we'll Their yacht, the GUAM
lche. which left here recently for Flot-
ida via the Dismal Swamp, was report
ed wrecked last night near Beaufort.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
ATTACK ON carr soHoEFFEL.
Names Of Officers aud Priyates Killed
and Wounded by Bolomen.

washington, Dec. 1.-THE war de-
partment has received a cablegram
from Gen. Chafree at Manila giving an
account Of the engagement near Da-
pado, Samar In which company %,
Ninth infantry lost seven men killed
and number wounded. The cablegram
Is as follows; f1f
Gen. II. Smith reports followingf Z
During scout near Dapado, samar.
Dec. "A, Capt, Francis II. Schoeffel, with
detachment eighteen men. company u,
Ninth infantry were attacked by a
large force OF bolomen springing from
thickets. Severe hand-to-hand fight en-
sued. Following casualties occurred;
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1901-12-27
Conference Of Governors to Proceed,

ST. Paul, Dec T.--The conference Of
representatives OF northwestern states
at Helena next Monday viii not be af-
fected by the death Of Governor Rogers
Of Washington. The state was to have
been represented only by its attorney
general, owing to the governors Illness,
and the plans were perfected with those
conditions In view The date chosen
has been agreed to by all concerned
and cannot readily be changed at this
late hour.
Gov. Van SAINT told the Associated
Press representative today that the
death OF Gov Rogers was q great and
unexpected calamity.