davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-04-16

gains. Feeding for lean increased
the per cent. of blood and the weight
f the Iivers and kidneys. This was
accompanied by q general increase
of IS pounds gain of ''pea fec pigs"
over corn fed pigs" Taking the in
estinal and kidney fat as an indica-
ton of the fat stored in other parts
of the body, the average per cent. Of
intestinal fat e. dressed weight in
the corn-fed pigs was %. In the
pea-fed pigs this percentage was
just 30.
Under "Record of the University
Dairy Herd" Prot. Carlyle says:
"Again the writer must record his
surprise and that Of the herdsman,
J. R. Dlnks, to whose unremitting
care and attention much of the sue
cess of the herd is due, at the large
amount of milk and butter given
(yielded) by the large and heavy
grade Shorthorn COWS Of the dual
purpose type" The herd manage
ment was good and the COWS given
similar treatment. Under these con-
ditions the old milking proclivities
of these Shorthorns have reasserted
themselves in spite of years of special
purpose breeding and endeavor to
bury the Shorbhorns as a dairy breed.
Prof. Carlyle's report a year ago at
tracted wide attention because it is
drawing round from the beaten path
of recent tendencies to the older and
better recognition of merit in dairy
stock, classifying it rather on per-
Torrance than on ''breed" and
''form" and special purpose theories.
F. E. E.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-04-16
LIMITS IN AGE AND HOURS FOR EN-
PLOYMENT OF CHILDREN IN
FACTORIES.

Mr.. w. J. Peele, of the Raleigh
bar, has prepared a very interesting
table showing the limits in age ana
hours for factory child labor in the
different States. Mr.. Peele has given
as permission to publish the table
and we think our readers will find 1t
worth studying, for in this State these
questions are yet unsettled. A make
shift agreement" with factory
owners is not what the people want
nor what humanity demands. North
Carolina must have a plain statute
regulating factory child labor
s)mething that can be enforced. In
the table given herewith the first
row Of figures refers to the age limit
in years, the second shows the hour
limit per day.
In three States, as will be seen,
the age limit is not the same for both
sexes: ON" refers to males, CT"
to females.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-04-16
Editorial.
Z Us HAVE PEACE.

A Democratic Senate has recently
acquitted the impeached Republican
judges, and now Republican officers
have dismissed the cases against the
Democratic registrars. Now, in,
deed, let US have peace. AS the
Biblical Recorder we'll says: "We
have at last come to the end of the
political war. Now may the people
and the churches have rest; and
may all Christian people give no
countenance to those leaders who
may seek again to make fellow-oiti-
zens hate one another. Now is the
time for US all to establish a new
political basis in North Carolina,
recognizing the right of any man to
vote as he pleases and demanding
that politicians shall wage their
campaigns on principles instead of
passion. It is with the people"
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-04-16
IN THIS NUMBER.

J. EdOm Smiths is a very readable
letter. GA little farm we'll titled" is
his motto, and we think you will
enjoy his article on 1.-The Small
Farmer" The article following, on
the subject of legumes, reminds US
of the Importance of planting d full
crop of COW peas this year. Do this,
ever if you have 90 buy seed. Harry
Farmer has something to say on the
question, els it too wet to plow?"
This is a matter of vast Importance,
for the farmer can far better afford
to remain idle d whole day than to
pillow u single hour while the ground
is too wet. Read the articles on
''sun-drIed briokbats" in recent
issues f The Progressive Farmer.
We have often called attention to
the value OF the siIO. This State
should have a hundred silos for each
one now in use. To those interested,
Mr.. &. T. Whites article will prove
helpful.
On pages We have referred to a
valuable new bulletin, practical
Suggestions for Farm Buildings"
The author IL a Virginian, and he
has done his work well. Read our
notice and send for d copy it s free.
We think Aunt Jennie's depart
ment Is even more interesting than
usual We should like t. be able to
fill three columns with such letters
all the year. The ladies viii also be
interested IL Saving the Berries, -
while the young men will find some
suggestive ideas in MIR. Vreeman's
maxims and in Walter Vrooman 5
s'What Is SUGGEST" Nor Will YOU
find the poem ON page ) entirely
dull; many Of u, No doubt, may
profit by its Lesson.
We should like to have more let
tiers such as Corn Cracker mas
written for this issue We also hope
to have other reports of County Ali
nee meetings for our next Issue.
And just here we repeat u request
for the farming news Of your section
Let us have at least one crop GORE
spondent from each county.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-04-16

fine dairying State, but the industry
is still in it's s~waddling clothes here.
For assistance in developing it, let
the Observer withdraw its opposition
to the circuit bill, as by this Opposi-
ton it has given aid and comfort to
the great enemy of the dairy indus
try, the Ubiquitous cleo fraud. 1t is
time for our Southern cotton farm
ers to realize the falsity of the asser-
ton that the passage of the CIRCUIT
bill wOHld decrease the price of cot
ton seed. The fallacy of this con
tention is we'll set forth by Colman's
Rural World as follows:
There has been developed during
the last few years a large demand
for cotton seed meal, n of the by
products of the cottOn-raising bust
ness of the South. This demand is
largely from dairymen because cot
ton seed meal is one of the most
valuable foods they can use to make
a balanced ration with corn and
other carbonaceous foods produced
on the farms OF the dairy States. To
no other class of farmer is cotton
seed so valuable as to dairymen, and
the demand for it by them will in
crease rapidly if they can continue
to do business. In the State of Iowa
there are about 1000, 900 dairy COWS.
Suppose these we're being fed an
average of only n pound of cotton
seed meal per cay To supply it the
dairymen of Iowa would have to
send to the South fully So, 900, 900
annually, added to what might be
wanted in other States, whereas the
ole0margine business used last year
less than 5,OOO,O 900 pounds of cotton
seed oil, for which not over $3.50, OOO,-
900 was paid"
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-04-16
NORTH CAROLINA DAIRYING.

The Charlotte Observer has this
sensible comment upon tie line of
dairy Investigation in which Prof.
Emery, of The Progressive Farmer
staff, is now engaged:
Secretary of Agriculture Wilson
is devotIng his energies to develop
ing the dairy industry in the United
States, especially with IA view to the
export of dairy products. Experts
are now studying the needs of this
trade in the Philippines, Porto Rico
and elsewhere. Little Denmark ships
most OF the butter and cheeses that
are Consumed in tropical countries,
trade in South America, in the West
Indies and in our own Philippines.
She sends her butter to tropical
countries in small tins dramatically
sealed and prepared in such u way
that it withstAnds the terrific heat.
While Denmark makes the worlds
butter, t e United States feeds Den
mtrk's COWS, and Secretary Wilson
says there is no reason why we
should not keep ,ur feed for our
own Jerseys and Ayrshires and ship
butter ours lives. North Carolina is
a tine dairying stat and our hust-
ling farmers would do well TO keep
IN touch with the Stcretary's expert
ments in developing this line of
trade"
All of which is true enough-the
last sentence being specially peril
nent. North Carolina is indeed u
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-04-16
CALIFORNIA
Editorial Cor. of The Progressive Farmer.

Editorial Cor. of The Progressive Farmer.
Yesterday at Benicia I visited the
American Condensed Milk Com.
pany's plant. They can handle
5000 pounds of milk per day. This
is going into the trade as fast as put
up through the San Francisco mer-
chants.
To-day I have been through the
factory of the San Joaquin Ice Co.,
at Fresno. This company began to
receive milk two years ago as a
creamery. It's ice bushes had not
paid previously and the beginning
was 76O pounds of milk from which
about 80 to 40 pounds Of butter was
made. Now this company has
nearly 30 skimming stations at va
riOus points within so miles by rail
and to-day have a daily capacity for
and make 1900 pounds of butter.
This is the kind of an organization
that makes business pay. The Off
GERS r reaching out to make more
business in the near future by help
ing the farmers improve their stock.
They have some highly bred stock
coming along for this purpose. One
yearling HOlstein bull was grazing
near the factory. He is said to be
worth 5000.
The Cooperative Creamery at Sell
ma just completed has started with
about 400 pounds of butter per day.
The first factory was sold to the
Joaquin Ice Co., and has been con-
verified into q Swimming station.
This second cooperative factory is
paying for butter fat a little above
the San Francisco market for butter
for the fat in the milk.
There are good prospects ahead Of
this creamery as well as of many
others recently started and about to
launched. There might seem to be
be some danger of OVERRIDING the
business, but the people are increas-
ing faster than the COWS do and
this fact, with other minor ones,
gives some assurance that this is as
stable a branch of farming as M
can adopt by which to succeed in
making a living. F. E. E.
Selma, Cal.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-04-16
RULES FOR APPLYING FERTILIZERS.

1t is often a perplexing question
how best to apply fertilizers. We
should, of course, be governed by the
LAND, ferti izer, crops, and time of
application.
First, the nature of the land would
influence the mode of application as
it is best on poor thin lands to spread
the fertilizer over the whole land.
The crop will hold up better through
the season. If the crop is over
stimulated at first in poor land, then
the crop will grow too rapidly at
first, and the poor soil cannot sus
tain this excessive growth when the
fertilizer is exhausted. It is far bet
ter for the crop to have a steady but
sure growth rather than growing
with a great squirt at first and then
be starved out the rest of the time.
This is especially true of slow grow
ing crops. The nature of the soil
would also have quite an influence.
A clay soil is retentive and would
allow the fertilizer to become soluble
slowly, and would hold it there Il
long time, whereas the light sandy
soil is open and porous and allows
the fertilizer to become soluble rap
idly and also allows it to sink down
through it easily. Hence it would be
better in the drill on Il sandy soil.
Second. A fertilizer that is easily
dissolved should be applied just as
the crop needs it, and in the drill.
Nitrate of soda is often applied as a
top dressing. This should be done
just as the crop begins to take on
rapid growth in spring, as the nitro
gen goes to the development Of the
foliage, and the phosphoric acid to
the maturing of the seed. A fertili-
ger like lime that dissOlves slowly
should be spread broadcast and some
time before needed. Cotton seed
meal needs several weeks to become
soluble, and it is a we'll known fact
that cotton seed when used as a fer
tilizer should be put deep in the fur
row It least two months before
needed by the crop.
Third Aquick growing crop needs
the fertilizer to be applied before it
is planted and either under the crop.
or drilled by the side of the crop.
One Of SLOW growth "a have the fer
tilizev put on broadcast and after the
crop terminates.
Fourth. Time Of application will
also govern mode OF application.
When applied for stimulating and
starting the young crop, then the
drill OF hill system should he sr4c-
ticed; but when applied TO help
out and finish up the growth the
broadcast system should be followed.
Be sure to put the fertilizer where
it is needed, and when it is needed.
B. 1.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-04-16

(0) Illinois-8 hours in the day
time constitute a days work in Hi
nois. Longer time only by agree
ment and a child cannot agree it is
inferred that 8 hours would be the
limit in that State for children.
CD Michigan-"No person., etc,
shall employ any male child under
II years of age nor any female under
Is years of age for more than 9
hours Il day" This act does not ap-
ply to persons engaged in agriculture
or domestic duties nor to clerks.
.(c) Nebraska-The employment of
children under the ages limited can
not exceed four months.
(d) New Hampshire-No child IN
der 16 who cannot read and write
shall be employed in factories dur
ing the session of the public school.
(e) New Jersey-No child between
II and Is years of age allowed to be
employed unless he has attended
school within the year - weeks.
90 New YOrk-The hour limit is
obtained in the same way as in Hi,
nOis.
CD Ohio-The hour limit is OBJ
tanned in the same way as in Illinois.
(h) Rhode Island-No minor and
no Oma under sixteen Can be en-
ployed I'VE 10 hours a day in fac
tories manufactures
CD South Dakota-Unlawful to
compel any woman or any child I'M
der 18 years of age, or to permit any
child under IA years of age.
Cd Vermont-lO hour limit for
children under Is.
(k) Virginia-No woman and no
child under IA shall labor mo1e than
10 hours a day in any factory.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-04-16
SEVENTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT WIS.
CONSIN EXPERIMENT. STATION.

This report just received covers
the principal work of the Station for
the fiscal year to June Both, 1900.
The table OF contents shows it to be
repleUe with tn. line of investiga-
ton which is being done at that
Station. Most of these reports must
be overlooked in this brief review,
but we wish to note here the ad-
vamCement of DR.. BabcOck to Assist
ant DrectOc and the fact that his
distinguished services have won a
worldwide reputation in the dairy
field for Wisconsin and it's university.
Most appropriate y the last Legisla-
ture took step, to recognize the ser,
vices Of the doctor by providing that
a suitable medal be prepared FIR him.
The dairymen Of PARKWAY New Tea.
loud have also recognized his SER
vices, and now comes the French
Government, which through its uni
versal exposition at Paris has
awarded to DR.. BabcOck a grand
prize of honor"
An experiment an Feeding Pigs
for the Production of Lean and of
Fat Meat" resulted in satisfactory
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-04-16
COTTON GROWERS MEETINGS.

In this State, within the last few
days, meetings of cotton growers
have been held in Franklin, Cabar
rus, and Edgecombe counties
At the Edgecombe meeting Presi-
dent J. w. B. Battle presided, with
w o. Howard as Secretary.
Several interesting and instructive
speeches were made by Rev. j. B.
Morton, DR.. L. Station. DR.. NJ T.
Savage, of Halifax; w. A. Thigpen,
V. B. Knight, w. l.. Barlow, j. w.
Purvis, and others.
The following resolution was adOp-
ted:
"ResOJUed, That it is the interest of
the cotton growers to curtail the
acreage in cotton, and give mOr at
tentiOn to the making of home sup
plies, and that cotton should be the
money crop; and further that we
1ully endorse the efforts of the South
ern Cotton Growers Protective AS
ISOLATION"
In Franklin county, the conven-
ton urged a reduction of 25 per cent.
in cotton acreage. The cotton grow
ers of that county will meet again
on the date of this issue, when fur
ther action will be takon.
The Concord Times reports a
thoughtful speech made by Secre-
tary John P. Allison, and adds:
HE also read some statistics which
will bear publishing very often.
They we're furnished by the Presi-
dent of the Mississippi Association
and are as follows: II, 600, 900 bales
at 5 cents would be 1875, coo, 900 ;
TO- 900, 900 at 6 cents, $500, OOO, 900
5000, 600 at z cents, 1915, OOO, 900
5000, 900 at 10 cents $500, 600, 600.
''Mr. S S. McWhirter said these
figures convinced him and made a
motion that each planter reduce his
crop two acres to the mule.
Amended by Mr. z. A. Morris that
each planter reduce his crop 10 per
cent. The amendment was adopted.
The opinion being that it was best to
reduce if only those present were
governed by this resolution, believ-
ing that it is best for them in either
event, whether their example is fol
lowed or not. If it is done through
out the South no one doubts its re-
ducing the quantity and thereby N
HANGING the value, but if only by
these few a large crop and rulnous
prices and these having less cot
ton can raise it cheaper and by rails
ing more grain have less to buy,
which looks like a safe position for
US.
1.-The motion of Mr.. Allison that
we form the Cabarrus County Cot
ton Growers Protective Association,
was adopted and the temporary ofh-
GERS made permanent.
"Au present then signed the arti-
Giles of agreement, which was left in
the hands of Mr.. Allison for any
who wished to sign hereafter"
We have seen reports of ne meetings
in other counties. 1t is generally
conceded that the crop in this State
will be increased rather than dinin-
ished. Those who make their own
supplies will pull through in
spite of the low prices likely to pre-
vail next fall, but the wayfaring
man, though a fool, need not be de-
ceived into planting cotton to buy
home supplies. There is a way
that seemeth pleasant TO a man,
but the end thereof is death"
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-04-16
1.-THE INDUSTRIAL AND EDUCATION

1.-THE INDUSTRIAL AND EDUCATION
AL INTERESTS OF OUR PEOPLE PARA
MOUNT TO L OTHER CONSIDERATIONS
OF STATE POLICY, is the motto of The
Progressive Farmer, and upon this
platform it shall rise or fall. Serving
no master, ruled by no faction, cir
oumscribed by no selfish or narrow
policy, it's aim will be to foster and
promote the best interests of the
whole people of the State. 1t will be
true to the instincts, traditions and
history of the AnglO-SaxOn race. On
all matters relating specially to the
great interests it represents, it will
speak with no uncertain voice, but
will fearlessly the right defend and
lmpartially the wrong condemn
From Col. Folks S~alutatOry, Feb.
10. 1886.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-04-16
NORTH CAROLINA LILY eRow7uo

The March issue Of ore Of
Northern agricultural exchanm
cont 'iued the following item:
"They are getting ready for ~.
annual harvest of Easter lilies -
Bermuda. But if an x2erimen
that is now being made for a Phil
delkhia firm at the State Exnari
ment farm at Charlotte, N. c., Shah
prove successful, the time may coma
when Bermuda will not be Cal. al
upon every year to supply millions
of plants. The Philadelphians. who
handle many thousands of wbita
flowers, r having an INTERESTING
test made in growing fifty Thousand
of the plants at the North Carolina
station. It is their hope that the lilies
will thrive there, rs success would
not only do away with the hard >hiDs
attending upon the shipment bv
water of the delicate flowers, but
would make a new industry for the
South"
Seeing the facts so sadly jumbled,
we sent the item to Prof. w. F,
Massey for correction. We soon re.
oeived the following reply:
"Yours and the enclosed slip at
hand. Some one has merely gone off
half-cocked, not knowing that the
North Carolina Station is not at
Charlotte, and then assuming thatit
is PhiladeI Dhia dealers who are max
ing the experiments with the Der
muda lily. I have about 75,O 900 sets
of the Bermuda lily planted and hope
they will be a success. They wer
furnished by Peter Henderson &CO.,
of New York. Then I have a few of
another variety, less than one thou
sand, which were furnished by a
Philadelphia house. lam also grow
ing at the Station Farm Is, COO roses
for Henderson & Co. The trade
North r rapidly coming to realize
that they will be compelled to have
their roses grown in the South, as
those who r doing so r. getting
better stock and the others will be
compelled to follow suit. There is
a great opening here for the invest
ment Of capital in the propagation
and culture of the rose as 4 speciality,
and if the men with money to invest
could be induced to furni h the cap
iral, a very lucrative business could
be established, and we hope to ZEE it
done"
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-04-16

The circuit bill proposes not to il
terfere with the business of any
honest manufacturer of oleomargar-
inc. 1t does reduce the tax of two
cents a pound to one fourth of one cent
a pound on any and all oleomargar-
inc which is not cOlOred so it can be
easily pal1ned off for real butter. The
factories will be unmolested in their
constitutional right to make oleo-
margarine, and if, as is claimed,
people rather have it than butter they
can laugh at the furore created by
the friends of the dairymen and in
the interest of pure food.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-04-16
BOOKS R READING.

PHYSICAL CULTURE-By B. F. John.
son. Published by B F. Johnson
Publishing Co., Richmond, Va.
Price, % cents.
This is a thoroughly practical,
well-written and neatly illustrated
book of 1913 pages. The exercises
given are simple and can be used
either at school or at home. The
book also contains many valuable
suggestions for teachers and parents
regarding the all rOund-physical
mental and acknowledgements of
children. We r sure that no
Northern publisher has ever put
into SO small a compass so much
valuable matter on physical culture
and kindred subjects. The book will
be sent postpaid upon receipt of
price.
THOMAS JEFFERsON-By Thomas e.
Watson. Published by Small,
Maynard & Co., Boston, Mass.
Price, rs cents.
This is a recent addition to the
"'Beacon Biographies" series, in
which the publishers have given the
reading public the lives of a number
of great Americans unencumbered by
the u~ninteresting details which add
to the bulk of so many biographies.
Mr.. Watson, as everyone knows, is
never dull, and his life of Jefferson
is in his best vein. Unlike Randall's
work, which, Watson says, ''gives
pretty much everything that can be
said in favor of Mr.. Jefferson, and
does not rufhe or confuse the mind
by stating anything on the other
side" the Georgian seems t. have
given an impartial account of Jefer-
sons rec Summing up we have
this estimate: jefferson was a
many sided man, complex in char
acter, full of contradictions, and yet
in his devotion to what he conceived
to be the best interests of humanity
grandly consistent. Farmer, scien-
fist, inventor, scholar, lawyer, states
man and philosopher, he is interest
ing from every point of view-one
of the few men whom the greed for
gold never sOiled; n of the few
who, from first to last, worked for
country and for fellow-man."
LAW AND How TO KEEP OUT OF IT.
By P. Fl. Coggins, of the Philadel-
ph'a Bar Published by Penn Pub
fishing Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Price,
so cents.
In plain, commensurate style, Mr..
Coggins discusses the common every
day principles Of law, and has given
a very readable and helpful book. Of
course, this is not cyclopedia of law,
but in the 2O4 pages contained in this
book Il great many important points
are referred to regarding which the
average stands in need Of further
Information.
ORATORY: ITs REQUIREMENTS N It's
REwARDs-By Jno. p. AItgeld.
Published by Chas. H. Kerr & Co,
IS Fifth Ave, Chicago. Price,
SO cents.
This is a small work of So pages,
out of which most authors would
made "a book thrice as bulky.
It is packed with sound ideas and
suggestions, and is written in enter,
tanning style. The oratorically in
clined will, we think, find it helpful.
1t you receive more than one COPY
of The Progressive Farmer, hand to
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1901-04-16

With the issue of April 18th The
Youths Companion will enter upon
it's 18th year. This "75th Birthday
Issue" will be a double number,
counting among it's contributors the
Vice President of the United States,
Theodore Roosevelt, Mary E. Will
kins and Sarah Barnwell Elliott.
The Companion grows better with
age.