davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times., 1901-03-24
WARD OF A TRUST COMPANY.
Thrashing Rascal as Part of the
Corporations Duty.
From the New York Tribune


AS the members were finishing their ci-
gars in the club SmOking-rOOm the con-
verSatiOn drifted to the S0ulleSSneSS OF
corporations. That sort OF talk IS all
very well" said the man from the West,
hut | have story 10 show that the rule
has at least one exception. Some years
ago the trust company l represent.
through the death of a client, became
guardian of the interests of his widow,
who was a minor and an orphan Ihe
young woman was lmpreSSlonaDie, aHd
soon after her husbands ; death became
infatuated with worthless fellow, who,
though q married man. gained her prom
ise to eloDe with him. SuSpectlng some
s1lch action or his part. We induced the
girl to visit friends who might nave been
expected TO keep a reasonable oversight
of her In spite of cur precautions, now
ever the man made an appointment with
her met her. and was about 10 drive
off with her when an agent or ours, VINO
had been detailed to observe his move
ments appeared administered a sound
tbrashiag to him. and advised him to
leave town. lest a worse thing DeIalI hlul-
lie chose to stay and cause the arrest or
our man for assault and battery We
retained the best counsel available 20 de-
feud the case and finally won. but at a
cost cOnSiderabl greater than the value
of the small trust we held in trust for
the widOw-and we just charged II 10
profit and loss and never rendered BILL
we figured that it had been our duty as
the girl 5 guardian to safeguard her non
father or brother would have done II shs
had had either and that's what we diG-
And I suppose she took another oppor-
tunfty to run away with the rascal, a1ter
all" suggested a listener
That's the funny part OF IT. she was
daaniv grateful TO US after the affair was
over. and in the course of a year or two
married q really nice fellow.
The times., 1901-03-24

was easily traceable through the rusty
hide. The underlip pendulated in unison
with the movement Of the head. Only
an old horse. an epitome of equine des-
pair yet that horse had a pedigree and
an ancestry whose antiquity antedated
that of the proudest mobiles of Europe by
millions of years. The knee-sprung fore
legs and sprained joints told a story re-
pete with genealogical interest and the
gnared hoofs gave hint of a glorious his
tory when his ancestry bounded in un-
bridled freedom over the hills and plains
of the world of antiquity. These were the
days when the world was young and ami
NAL life first made its appearance The
earth was paradise of beauty, when
tree and flower grew and bloomed in rank
abundance The excess Of plant life pre-
sented the finst conditions for the en-
trance of new form Of life, that of the
living animal.
Among the first Of the higher order Of
animals to people this Garden of Eden
was the Hyrocathere. the equine Adam
and Eve the ancestor of the modern
horse He was only a little fellow no
larger than our common red fox He had
a long tail, short legs and was fOur-toed-
The earth at that time was low and
marshy, and the long grass and tail vege-
tation completely hid the horse of an
tiquity from the huge beasts which
roamed about tire lagoons and marshes
around about him. They were huge
beasts. whose height and bulk would
dwarf the largest elephant of today. They
were slow moving animals. Their stout
legs and broad feet with numerous toes
spreading apart when the weight is borne
by them were sufficiently well adapted
for plodding deIiberation over marshes
and yielding surfaces,
But after awhile the surface of the
earth began to change. The marshy
lands began to rise and the water drained
away The land still continued to rise
like some huge giant awaking from
long sleep, until the Rocky Mountains
and the high lands Of the Continent of
America reached the sky and left the fly
ing clouds far below. like Hiocks of fright
ened birds.
The times., 1901-03-24
LoPsIDED MEN AND WOMEN.
differences Between the Legs, Eyes,
and Ears of Nearly Everybody.
From the New York SUM


The two sides of q persons face are
never alike. The eyes are out OF line in
two cases ont of 1--WE, and one eye is
stronger than the other in seven persons
out of ten. The right ear Is also, as
rule higher than the left
Only one person in fifteen has perfect
eyes the largest percentage or detects
prevailing among fair-haired people
Short sight is more common in town than
among country folk, and Of all people
the Germans have the largest proportion
of short-sighted persons.
The crystalline lens of the eye is the one
portion of the human body which con
tinues to increase in size throughout life
and does not cease with the attainment
The smallest interval Of sound can be
better distinguished with one ear than
with both. The nails Of two fingers never
grow with the same rapidlty, that OF the
middle finger growing the fastest. while
| that of the thumb grows the slowest.
In fifty-fOuT cases out Of hundred the
left leg is stronger than the right Ihe
bones of an average human male skeie-
ton weigh twenty pounds; those Of a wo-
man are six pounds lighter
That unruly member the tongue OF q
woman is also smaller than that of a
man given man and a woman of equal
size and weight. 1t may be appalling to
reflect, but IL is nevertheless true, that
the muscles Of the human jaw exert "A
force of over 500 pounds.
The symmetry which is the sole intel1-
cible ground for our idea OF beauty, the
proportion between the upper ana lower
half Of the human body, exists in nearly
all males but Is never found in the fe-
male American limbs are more sy mme-
tricai than those of any other people. 1he
rocking chair, according to an English
scientist is responsible for the exercise
which Increased the beauty of the lower
! limbs The push which the toes give to
keep the chair in motion, repeated and
repeated makes the instep high. the calf
round and fun, and ii makes the ankle
delicate and slender.
British women arc said to average two
inches more in height than Americans
| Averages for the height Of women show
that those born in summer and autumn
are taller than those born in spring or
winter. The tallest girls are born in
August.
As far as boys are concerned, those
who first see the light during autumn and
winter are not so tall as those born as
sDring and summer. Those born IN NO
vember are the shortest; in July, the tall
est
l43 G40 hairs, dark hair OF 100 900, while u
| red head has only z3.200 Fair haired peo-
pie are becoming less numerous than
formerly.
person who has lived seventy years
has had pass through his heart about
| 675 800 tons OF blood, the whole of the
blood in the body passing through the
| heart in about thirty-two beats The
heart beats on an average of seventy
times a minute. or Sc 792,0 ,0O1 times in the
| course of year, so that the heart of
an ordinary man. eighty years of age,
has beaten 1000 600 900 times. The heart
beats ten strokes a minute less when one
! is lying down than when one Is in an up
J right position
The times., 1901-03-24

gers suspended in the air. This is pre-
Cisely the condition the ancient horse
found when he stood on hard unyielding
ground. The soft muck of the marshes
gave ample opportunity for each toe to
functionate in the process of locomotion
but on hard ground the second toe did the
greater part of the work.
The prehistoric horse did not, however.
stand on the tips of his toes. as the cut
will show All of the toes touched the
ground and sustained a part OF the
weight but to a less degree than the
second toe which developed at the ex-
pense of the remaining toes in conse-
quence. The principle in animals which
produces callouSes on parts of the BODY
where friction and wear come was the
cause which developed the nail of the
second toe into the hoof of the horse
The modern horse now walks upon the
tip of the remaining toe. the others
either having become obliterated or
show in the skeleton as mere splints
alongside of the main bone, undergoing
The times., 1901-03-24

come longer aud stronger, throwing the
ankle joint farther up away from the
ground. until in the modern horse the
original ankle joint becomes the knee joint
in the fore leg and the hook joint in the
hind leg BY increasing the elevation OF
the joint from the ground greater lever
age IS gained. thus increasing the forward
spring of the horse when running. This.
1t is evident, increases his speed. BY the
tengthenlng of the bones the animal be-
comes larger. which is assisted by the law
of natural selection, further facilitated by
man, until the modern horse has grown
from little animal about the size OF a
poodle dog to one of the large animals.
Another ru6imentary part which can
| be plainly seen on any modern horse is
the horny wart at the knee and hook
joints. These warts are known to horse
men ergots, and are placed on the in
ner side of the leg and in some horses
project an inch or more from the leg
| These are the rudimentary remains of the
plantar surface or sole of the foot upon
| which the prehistoric horse rested 1t
! is Identical with the hard rough surface
| of the sole of a dogs foot and corre-
| spends, in its relation to other parts of
| the sole of the foot. to the heel part OF
| a mans sole. In high bred horses these
| warts do not appear large nor are they
1 apt to be found projecting far from the
| leg. They are attached to the hide: in fact,
| they are modified part of the skin. In
| low-bred animals they are larger and
! more apparent This is because low-bred
animals are nearer the original type.
/ There is always a latent tendency to
| revert or throw back to original
| types, and occasionally a horse is fOaled
| which has one or more undevelOped toes
or hOofS on one or all fQur feet. Caesar
| rode such freak horse. mention Of which
has been made by his cOntempOraneous
btographers and historians. The two
| bones which make up the leg of a horse
| existed as separate bones in the prehis-
| tortc animal. but in the modern horse
| have grown together. This. associated
with gradual increase in speed. especially
on firm, hard ground. has made the mod
err horse one of the swiftest of animals
| and has added to his strength of limb.
The times., 1901-03-24

bottom lands. Hence there was neces-
sity for the little four-toed horse to do
a greater amount of hustling about for
his diauer. There was in consequence
greater demand made upon his legs and
toes and that increased demand is re-
sponsible for the disappearance of the
toes and for the development OF the moor
of the horse as we see him today.
A glance at the picture of the skeie-
ton of the prehistoric four-toed horse
will discover the second toe to be the
longest This toe touched the ground
first and sustained more of the weight
of the animal than the remaining toes
Tse causes development and it is evil
dent therefore. that the largest toe nav
ing a greater amount of work to do grew
in size and strength. finally leaving the
remaining toes as mere dangling append
ages utterly useless a aids to locomotion
a good illustration of this is TO rest the
tips of the fingers of the hand on the ia
BILE. 1t will be found that the middle nm
ger alone touches the table the other I'M
The times., 1901-03-24

Among the specimens are pott -ry.
cuts smoothing stones mealiug stones,
stools disc0idai and spheTOidal stones,
beads cylinders. amulets, rude piiiar
stone collars. Many Of the objects are
very Similar 10 those found in other parts
OF America and throughout the world.
but others are 50 very rare as TO merit
the most careful scrutiny and resea rch.
Some OF the specimens were found IN
cases. but the greater part were turned
up by the plow and hoe where new lands
were put under cultivation. BY some
scientists IL Is believed that the ma kers
Of these Objects were a purely neoiithf.
people; that Is, a people who lived at the
period when the newest or most recent
rocks were formed. The neolithic Itriod
began a the latter end Of the Stone Age
and extended TO the time when animal
life. some species Of which are rot vet
extinct, existed on the earth.
According 10 some scholars OF anthro-
pOiogy The prehistoric Porto RiCans were
not savsg ges. but in the middle status
of barDarlsm. These people lived in
round and square houses. with thatched
roofs. grouped IN villages. They made
pottery. the bOldness and truthfulness Of
whose ornamcutstion attest their skill in
that art. Their implements Of industry
so far az they have been recovered, are
the most beautiful known. Their canoes
capable in ths larger forms of holding
2y9 persons. were eXqulsiteiy wrought
with the sides raised with canes daubed
with Dltumen. and not fat out with
keel. Their artists were prodigies in de
sign and workmanship. as the finer forms
ia The I-8timer collection attest Their
social life Is little understood, but pr0ba-
bly resembles IN the main that Of the Flo
rida Indians.
There IS not an entire vessel IN the Lat
inner collection. all Of The specimens being
fra gTaents OF various shapes, coarse. red
pottery, well baked ana some Of the
pieces have CLASSY surfaces. A frag
lncnt OF the bottom of a cup or jar shows
a. frpaWi8fGG la afVEFln t1lua design traced
on IL by a deep furrpWing. produced by
a sharp pointed Instrument when the clay
OF the vessel was soft. The most inter
estlng objects ia ths collection are the
The times., 1901-03-24
wealth in Forests.
From the Chicago Inter-Ocean.)

From the Chicago Inter-Ocean)
Fifty thousand citizens of Indiana are
annloved in the wood industry and re-
caiI,e annually $l500,000 in wages The
nroduct of this labor brings $50 10000
each year to Indianas manufactures:
This vas the statement Of Mr.. John F.
Brown. Secretary of the Indiana Fores-
try Association. in a recent address. lie
believes that the first century or Indl-
ana $ history viii measure the END OF
Indiana's forests. e.a.-
When Indiana was organized as a state
there we're in her boundaries S,OVO square
niles of valuab bic woods. There are now
oniv a. 900 sauare miles IN all the pr9Irle
stats. go square miles in the lake
States and S0000 square miles IN the
Central or manufacturing states MT.
f,ron-n declares that the greater part or
Tho indiana forests has disappeared; that
the state now imports almost rs entire
consumptiou of timber; that the walnut
cherry. poplar maple, ash and other val
uobie trees are practically gone. he estl-
mates that if the 6,JeOO00 acres of rough
lands and swamps not suited for asricul-
ture in Indiana could be offorested II
would add TO the States material wealth.
$500 O00. .Uua / would double the value OF
indiana 5 land assessment, whereas II the
rough lands are to remain as at present
no income can be hoped for
The times., 1901-03-24
Courtesy saved Him.
From London Spare Moments.)

(From london spare Moments-1
Wit has often saved an offender from
nunishment in military as we'll as IN civu
life.
Not long since a nOn-cOmmiSsiOned Of
ficar entering a barrack gate in Dublin
was mistaken by the fresh one on SEN
try. who Immediately came to the shoul-
der"
The noncom.. unaware that his colonel
was Just behind. returned the salute-a
thing not permissible in the circum-
stances Arrived at his quarters. hs
shortly received an order to attend be-
fore the colonel.
on presenting himself he was asked
how he came to return the salute. know
ing fun Well he was not entitled TO IL
Not in the least embarrassed. ne
promptly answered:
Sir. l always return everything am
not entitled to-"
His ready wit pleased the colonel, VINO
laughingly dismissed him.
The times., 1901-03-24

a process Of dwindling away or rudimen-
tation as 1t is called. Some skeletons do
not have these splints. but only the ar
tiCulatOry grooves or facets showing
where they originally articulated-
In the National Museum can be seen
the skeletons OF two horses famous IN life
as racers, which beautifully show the ru-
dimentary remains OF the bones of the
original toes. one is the skeleton of 'Old
Henry Gay" the progenitor of the IA
nous Clay family of Kentucky race
horses. He was foaIed in 1891 and died in
1861
The other skeleton is that of Lexing
ton, another famous race horse. LeXlng-
ton was foaled in 1850 and died twenty
five years later. in 1875. He sustained but,
one defeat in the many races he ran
The accompanying cut shows the rear
view of the foreleg of Old Henry Clay
and the hind leg of Lexington. Here at
the knee joint in the one are seen the rudi-
mentary remains of the metacarpal bones
OF two of the original toes still attached
in their articulatory facets al the joint.
These bones are from six to eight inches
long and slope to sharp point at the
lower end. Sometimes the lower knob
like end of the bone Is found at the ankle
joint, with the lower half or third of the
shaft wanting, as is shown in figure 3.
The long bones of the higher animals, in
cluding man, grow thinner as they ap-
proach the centre OF the shaft, until, as
in the fibula, one of the two bones of the
leg from the knee tC the ankle. they be-
come somewhat attenuated. In the afro
tiOn the attenuated portion will disappear
entirely before the much thicker ends.
This accounts for the section wanting as
shown in the third cut
This cut shows a front and side view Of
obsolete toes undergoing q process OF ru-
dimentatiOn due TO uSelessness on account
of the superior length and development
OF the second toe.
Rudimentary bodies are useless struct-
ures which once performed a service val
uable to the vital economy, but which
have become useless from changed con
ditions in the body of the animal due TO
the demands made upon the creature by
changed external conditions. The vermi-
form appendix, that VeXing portion OF the
human anatomy is a rudmentary organ.
Budmentary or vestigiaI parts are al
ways in degenerative state, Vestiges of
a once more developed condition The
horse in his present condition is one Of
the most modern Of animals
In tracing the history and affinities of
animals. Tudimentary organs are regard
ed by uaturalists as far more important
than highly developed or functional parts.
As Darwin says, they may be compared
with letters of word still retained in the
The times., 1901-03-24
HEROIC SURGICAL WORK.
Resuscitation Effected by Squeezing
n Mans Heart.
lFrom the New York Tribune)

\ rer1ar!1a Bile story is told in q Danish
medical periodical relative TO the treat
mont of q patient who had become as
nbvxiated from the administration OF
rbioroforrn The operating surgeon was
= certain pr Mag, but the method
which he employed had previously been
suggested by Dr. Prus, of LemOurg.
4 laborer, twenty-seven years OLD, VINO
had suffered from sCiatica, was 10 De
ooerated upon to relieve that trouble.
Ctbi0rofOrm was given and the operation
begun. The patient struggled, however,
and when the process OF anaeslhesla WIS
carried further he stopped breathing.
several exDedientS We're resorted 70 IN or
der TO restore respiration, but IN Valh-
And there was no longer any pulse
In this emergency DR.. Mag opened ths
chest, detached portions OF the thlrd e anu
fourth ribs two and a half inches long.
and turned them back with the nap OF
tiash Through the opening thus made
~ thrust his hand The heart was firm
iv crashed and compressed rhythmicaIly
Sfter a few squeeZes that organ began 10
heat naturally. 1t was necessary TO EN-
nioy ComDression again at times. ana also
10 initiate the lungs artihcially; But oy
these means the patient was kept awe aIIEe
for eleven hours and a nalf' ana Ut.
Naag is INCLINED TO believe that the man
,ro1Iid have recovered were II not that
one of the pleura was accidentally pune
trire1-
The times., 1901-03-24

Interesting stone Relics Mt the
Smithsonian Institution Prehis-
toric Peoples Came Hundreds of
Miles TO worship at This shrine.
The acquisition of Porto Rico by the
United States was source of the great
est qualification to archaelologists all over
the country. BY them the island is consid-
cred the richest field for research which
has been opened to them for many years.
Up to the present time the field is prac-
tically as ii was hundreds Of years ago.
Rich amateur archaeologists visiting the
island at various times have purchased
imperfect relics of a long extinct race,
but this class of collectors buy anything
offered to them which smacks of anti
guilty and, as a rule. their collections are
not Of any great scientific value. The
curators OF the National Museum are
deeply impressed with the Importance of
Porto Rico as field for archaeological
research and they are anxiously awaiting
an appropriation from Congress TO begin
extensive Investigations there.
Porto Rico was the Carib Jerusalem,
where the prehistoric West Indians and
the people Of Central and South America
assembled at certain periods TO celebrate
their religious rites. These people, it is
thought, came from the northern and
eastern coast of South America and
Central America. The opinion Of archae-
ologists is that these people were the
Caribs. They lived along the coast line
for the most part and were sailors and
fishermen. The Windward Islands lying
as they do in a curved line from the
northern coast of South America oeeT an
opportunity for insular inter-communica-
tion. an opportunity which the peoples Of
the coast lands, extending from the shores
of Florida on the north TO far below Rio
JaneirO on the south. understood and took
advantage of as is shown by the pottery
and other relics which have recently been
found. as well as in their language.
The times., 1901-03-24

spelling, but become useless in pronuncia-
tion, but which serve as clews FOR It's
derivation"
With the development of the foot TO one
hoofed toe an increase in speed naLu-
rally follows All the strength or the
muscles of locomotion is concentrated
anon the toe. the bones of which have be-
The times., 1901-03-24

He was only an old horse, harnessed to
a ramsha cllle wagon. whose wheels made
zigzag markings on the Pennsylvania
Avenue asphalt. The harness was a com
bination of carpet, rope, and leather one
ear dropped listlessly. His bony skeleton
The times., 1901-03-24
ANTIQUITY OF THE HORSE
The First Was About the Size of a
Common Red Fox.

Ancestry OF the Equine PIodders of
the Present Dny-A Survivor of
Quadruped Deai1ens of Mountain
Runges-0nce Hud Four Toes.
The times., 1901-03-24
PORTO RICAN ARCHAEOLOGY
The Island Once a Meeting Place
for Religious Festivals.

Interesting stone Relics af the
Smithsonian Institution Prehis-
toric Peoples Came Hundreds of
Miles TO Worship at This shrine.
The times., 1901-03-24

Vegetation was rot so rank and
bu~aani an the highlands p fAA