The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1901-12-23

CtS
6S. Conjunctions-The most familiar
-conjunctions have frequently occurred in
the preceding lessons.
(a) These are the simple connectives
which join or contrast similar elements
words, phases or clauses, sentences They
are: ODD and u, or; y and eQ, and;
/ pero, mas sino (after a negative) but; nj
| tampoco, nor, neither; pues, for; que
| that, because; 81, if, whether.
fib) Most of these are called coordin-
! ating conjunctions in contrast to the
| subordinating conjunctions, which always
| introduce independent clauses The term
| co-ordinating .conjunctions belongs more
! properly perhaps to such double connec-
tiveS. as follow:
A pennsylvania, scareely-when; esiO
como, both-and or as well--as; mini,
| neither-nor; no, no solo-sno, or no So
lamente-sino, or no tan solo-sno que,
| not only-but also; oO-oO, either-or;
| oraora, now-now; sea-seae Cor aue--que),
| Whether-or; ya-ya, new-noW, or some
letiues& sometimes
tc) The Subordinating conjunetionS are
quite numerous. Below are some of the
most important, grouped according as
they denote time, cause, purpose, result,
concession, condition. It will be noticed
that these conjunctions overlap with adj
| verbs
Time--Antes que, primero que, before.
| Cuando, when. Cadas vez que, cuando
quiera que, whenever. Como, as Despues
que, after. En- seguida que, a POGO que,
luego que, en- cuanto (que), asiQ) como,
tan pronto, como. al punto que, as soon
as. A penas QUE scarcely. Hasta que,
until. Mientras, while, as long as. En-
tanto que mientras que, while.
Cause-Porane Gotten que), because.
Como, as, since. Pues que and va que,
! now, that, since, Puesto que, visto que,
supuesto que,q seeing that. Cuanto mas
Que. the more as
Purpose-Para que, porque. que,
fin de que, in order that These conjunc-
tons govern the subjunctive.
Result-De manera que, de modo que
de suerte que, tanto que so that Ial
que, such that. These conjunctions are
used with the indicative chiefly but also
with the subjunctfye.
oncession-Aunque 81 bien, his.l aue
puesto que (rare and old, although. Aun
sin aun cuando, even if, even though
Sin embargo de que, comoquiera que, no
obstante que, pesar de que Rotwith-
standing GhaD. Por (mas) que, however
| much. These conjunctions are usually fol-
lowed by the subjunctive. But sometimes
the verb is omitted.
Condition-Si, como (rare), if A menos
que, no ser que, Sino cuando, unless.
Con tai que, siemprs que, provided that.
En- case que, supuesto que. assuming
that. in case (thaD. A condiclon cue,
on condition that. The .subjunctiye COM
monty follows these.
Examples of subordinating conjunc-
tons in use: Cada vez Cor todas las
yeces) que habiaba persuadia(2), when
ever every time) he spoke he persuaded
A POGO de tomar in medicinal murioQ,
soon after taking the medicine he died.
MientraS Quede esperanto de salvarle,
trabajaremos, SO long as hope of saving
him shall remain. we will work. Els
peraron hasta que vino, they waited
until he came. No vino porque estaba
enfermo, he did not come because he was
ill. No la auiero tanto que no yea sus de-
fectos, I do not love her so much that
/ do not see her defects. 81 dice ESQ,
tiene razon, if he says that, he is right
Pienso hacerlo, no ser que me 10 inn
pidan. intend to do it unless they pre-
vent me. Puesto que sea asi o.. suppos-
ing it to be SO. En- Ell case que no lie
hubiese recibido, in case he should not
have received it.Sss Con tai que 10 haya
recibido provided that he had received
it. Aunaue sea pan y cebolla me gusta,
though it be bread and garlic. it pleases
me- Aun cuando sno esteO en- uso sera
% Ineligible even though 1t be not in
use, it will be ineligible.
Class of Peculiar Verbs.
These are hfty-four in number and are
all of conf. iii. The stem-vowel of all
is e, which becomes under two condi-
lions: First, when the stem is accent
I ed and, second, when the stem is unac-
cented and is followed by accented or
by one of the accented diphthongs, lie,
10. The most familiar verb of class 8
is servir, to serve, which we give in full
as our model as follows:
Principal parts. servir, sirviendo. servi-
do, sirvo, seryoO.
Present Group.
Pres. ind. I serve. etc. Siryo, sirves,
sirve SERVINGS. servisQ, sirven.
Pres. subj / may serve, etc. Sirva.
sirvas, sirvas sirvamos. sirvais, sirvan
Inperative-sirve, sirva, sirvamos, serv-
id, sirvan.
Impf ind. I was serving. etc The ac-
cent on i throughout. -Serv-ia, las, la,
iamos. -iaiss -iaa.
Preterite Group.
Pres. part Serving, siryiendo.
Pref. Ind. I served, etc. SeryfO. serV-