Evening star., 1901-02-23

THE LAW AND POLICY OF ANNEXATION: witt
Special Reference to the philippines, togethe
| Carman F. Randolph Of the New York Bar
author Of The Law of Eminent Domain ,
| New York: Longmans, Green and Company.
Mr.. Randolph believes the United States
should yield the sovereignty over the
Philippines to the natives of the archipela-
| go, while maintaining the position of a pro-
| tector to guarantee good government and
| peaceful relations with the rest of the
world He considers the whole question of
annexation and expansion in strictly legal
light at first, proceeding to apply his de-
ductions to the present political problems.
The result is as stated. The protectorate,
he urges, involves very close guardian
ship over the native government of the
Philippines. He demurs that 1t would be
premature to consider the prOtectorate in
detail but outlines some of its broader fea-
lures as follows:
''The Philippine state will not be an ex-
ception to the rule that protected state is
never sovereign among sovereigns. 1t
will not be officially known in the family of
nations, for it will hold no relations with
foreign states, neither making treaties nor
exchanging ministers, nor will 1t fly a ma
tional flag upon the high seas. At most
points of contact between the state and the
world at large the United States must
stand, the advocate of it's interests the de-
fender of its rights. This denial of official
foreign intercourse is necessary If only for
the reason that as the protector must de-
fend the protected, it must, as far as possi-
BILE, deprive the latter of opportunity to
quarrel with foreign state by taking into
its own strong and competent hands the
management of foreign affairs.
considering that the United States will
by protecting a Philippine state assume
certain responsibilities in the islands, ex-
tending at least to the reasonable protec-
ton of foreign interests; and considering
that for time the new state may be una
BILE to preserve, unaided, the requisite or
der, the United States may reserve the right
to keep troops in the islands and to regu-
late the composition of native militia.
4.lus far we shall perform a mere police
duty, undertaken for the common benefit,
and requiring only a small force diminish
ing as the new state grows in experience
Our own legitimate interests will carry us
no further. But should foreign nations
choose to consider the Philippines as mart
of the United States they would be Open to
attack should we become involved In war
ana we must keep a larger force in the is
1ands Ia during the term of our protectorate
10 avoid this burden, and also the risk Of
making the islands the theater of a war in
which their people would have no interest
In tne eStanllshment of a .protectorate should
ne loiloWeu py negotiations with the mari |
time powers looking to the naturalization
of the Philippines |
The author devotes a chapter of his hook
70 consideration of the anomalous state of |
ments relating to the subject of recent eX
pansion movements throughout the world.
ERIARs AND FILIPINos: AN Abridged rrans,.-
tion of Dr. Jose Rizais Tagalog Novel .Snii
Ne Tangere:" BY Frank Ernest Gannett New
York: The st. James Press. ~
Dr. Rizars novel, now translated undor
ne expressive title, "Friars and Filipinos."
vas among the causes Of the native ont
Freak against the Spanish rule in the Phil
rlra !
martyr In 1886 was one Of the most brill |
ant and progressive men ever produced nv
he archipelago. He was a reformer. rot
revoluttonist; a thinker, a reasoner. NOT.
tighter, yet an ardent patriot. Had he
een spared to guide the people Of bis
and In the trials Of these past few wears
ne history Of the Philippines and the
jmted States might have been far differ
nt "NoH Me Tangere'' was the outcry Of
tyrannlzed people. 1t reflected the suf- |
er1ngs OF generations at the hands of q
ruei religious oligarchy. The friars gov |
rned the natives with little regard for
neir sensibilities or their rights They |
nied them, body and soul. The great cor
orations, now the subject of controversy
Manila, managed both civil and mill |
ary officials. In DR.. Rizals novel the |
vents narrated run to tragic ending. for
lere was no redress, even with a generous |
oVernor general IN nominal power, for the 2
rongs suffered by individuals and commu-
tiles. The story affords an intimate view
the life of the Filipinos, their pastimes,
assions. habits, circumstances. The hero !
no dies In an attempt to better the con-
tion Of his people, after series of excit-
g adventures, is thought by many to
ave been drawn by Rizal from his concep- I
on OF his own life as 1t might have been
guided by the impulses which constantly
minated him. He may have foreseer his
wn pathetic end, sacrificed to the cruel 8
'venge OF the friars even while lent on |
q errand Of mercy. This novel was for |
long time interdicted In the archipelago, | y
nd. as the translator notes. It was with |
ktrene dihculty that copy was found.