The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1901-12-15

republics OF America, by means OF arbi-
tration, In such a that arbitration
will become a binding principle for all.
a question ~propounded is a question
solved. said the old scholastics, and since
this conference has been convened for the
purpose have mentioned. l consider that
1t Is under a moral obligation TO settle
the subject OF arbitration. which IL the
capital problem before US, involving as II
does the peace and the entire future Of
the Americas.
Great Is the attention with which the
civilized world Is contemplating us. But
still greater is tho anxiety Of America. to
whom minutes are hours at this supreme
psychological moment.
AS the tribes OF Israel, having escaped
from h bondage OF Pharaoh and having
wandered over the desert In continual
war with other nations. eagerly waited the
descent from Mount Sinai of the Tables
Of the law that We're 10 put an end 20 their
sufferings, so tho republics Of this con-
tinent, after many years OF weary warning,
are gazing intently on this moral eminence
called the Pan-American Conference.
eager 20 hear a soothing declaration. a
promise Of the coming of a bountiful era
Of peace for all, like balm to be poured
on their wounds.
But I wish IL to be understood In speak
ing Of peace / do not refer 70 the peace
Of the grave, or to the degrading peace
Of peoples slumbering with the opium
Of despotism, like the Oriental nations.
but TO a peace based on the rights Of others.
a peace achieved by justice and freedom.
II justice is a moral necessity. it is also a
social necessity, and like oxygen it Is an
organic necessity. II justice were not the
guiding principle OF societies. liberty would
be an empty name and progress an impos-
sibility."
GETTING TO THE FACTS.
Having established these novel pre-
cepts TO his own satisfaction, Mr.. Baez
continued 10 exhibit his historical and
philosophical research for some time.
He discussed several other considerations
of equal gravity and truth, talked about
the temple Of Janus being closed, and
finally got around to the speeches delivered
10y former senator Davis and John Barrett
of the American delegation. He quoted
literally from their remarks about the
Monroe Doctrine and tho Diaz doctrine,
and then proceeded to formulate his con-
illusions in this way:
From the foregoing declaration the
following conclusions may be ~legitimately
drawn: First, that as peace is only attain
able through justice. 1t Is necessary TO
erect the ideal principle OF arbitration
into a principle Of actual legislation govern
ing the international American family; and,
second, that all conflicts among the nations
of America, pending and future. ought
TO be embraced under the principle Of arbi-
%tration, save those questions which affect
the essential features Of the political per-
sonality of a country, since IL is obvious
that no nation can allow it's very existence
20 become a subject of debate, and the
essential qualities Of a nations personality
are twofold; one physical, the territory Of
which 1t is the owner; the other moral.
its political Independence.
"The Paraguayan delegation takes pleas
ure in saying that IL accepts the Monroe
Doctrine, il arbitration IL recognized as
the governing principle OF the international
American family. and hat IL repudiates
the so-called right Of conquest in accord
ance with the declaration made by the
first Pan-Amencan conference
Arbitration is not only a moral necessity,
but also an economic necessity. Pending
conflicts between the American States.
involving the possibility Of new wars in
tho future, are a formidable obstacle 10
their development and welfare. seeing
that they prevent the influx Of foreign
immigrants and capital, which are the
motive forces Of Americas progress"
Mr. Baez was getting down TO his point.
and every delegate who heard and under
- IL. a.. IL.
meaning The question Of the pending
conflict which he was so Interested 90 have
become the subject 81 arbitration Is the
question Of Tacna and africa, which II was
stipulated in the preoept for this CON
ference should not come before IL.
Having thus defined clearly what lac was
aiming at, Mr.. BarZ went on to develop
the point in language which there should
h. no rniftsking He set up a classification
Of wars az those Of civilization and Il bar
Darisn.
A NIT AT HIL
TO the first class belonged the conflicts
waged by Washington and Hldalgo 20
establish new natiOualitirs He would not
mention concrete Instances - wars u
barhansm. he sald But like Dcmosthcnos
when hs refused 90 mention tha fact that
hi- adNer-ary's father vas q b~hokwnuds
schuol teacher. Mr. B,ez defined q war II
barbarian ~ ouo vagoI by any country -to
conquer a PROVING" or a territory, either
tot tho mors purpYse - extending ii-
boundaries 90 ha-rausa no captured t"rr-
tory contains precious msfais Hr valuable
tutstauos's uT isoau.o % ell afuri az lm.
! puraut rF.roe Il additional custom LYu-o
Tup4pts
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