Evening star., 1901-08-15
How the Worlds Greatest City is
Safeguarded.
SYSTEM THAF IHSURES EFFICIENCY
Contrast Between Sunday in Ber-
lin and Glasgow
ONE OPEN, OTHER CLOSED

convention or now pOlace work Is done
across the ocean. Police Commissioner
I George Henshaw of Cincinnati. who re-
Gently enjoyed a European tour. read a
paper upon what he had seen abroad. His
paper was an interesting one to the mem-
| bers Of the association, as 1t depicted the
| difference In police work in different coun-
| tries and cities. In the course Of his paper
| he said:
| 81 presented my credentials to the officials
| at Scotland Yard, stating my business to
| be to investigate the working system OF
| the London metropolitan police force. I
| was very kindly received, with the state
ment that 1t would afford them great pleas
| ure to do all they could to assist me to an
understanding of the manner in which the
| government Of their police force Is man.
aged and discipline maintained.
Interesting Origin of Nfcknames.
'The area policed by the metropolitan
| police force is 68S 31-1OO square miles
| Taking Charing Cross as a center, it ex-
| tends in all directions about twelve miles
| The population Of this district was, In 1891.
| 5.713,SJ in 1893 it had increased to $780,
| 723. and Is now. in 1901. estimated to be
| 100000.
The acts of parliament creating this
| force were passed in 1929 and In 1895. The
| father Of the system was Sir Robert Peel
hence the origin Of the names of hobbies
| and peelers, as applied to police officers
| AS the population increased the force has
| been augmented. and Is now the largest
| police organization in the world. In 1895
| 1t was composed as follows: Thirty-one
superintendents. 57S inspectors. 1880 ser
geants, IL, 155 constables, answering to our
| patrolman-a total Of 1854 police officers
| A number have since been added. bringing
| the number up to at least 5000. 1t Is
under the government of enc commissioner
| ay,6 fhran iofny Nt,ot0 a n.
| pointed by the queen and five chief con-
| stables appointed by the secretary Of
| state, who Is the official head of the sys-
tenn, and by whom all acts of the commits
Sioners must be approved. There are twen-
| ty principal and $50 subpolice stations
| The criminal detective branch was only
| established in 1873, and is under the con-
| troll of one commissioner and chief con-
stable. All the detectives, when vacancies
| occur are promoted from the regular
! patrolmen upon their own application.
| which must be indorsed by the superin-
| tendent of the division to which they are
| attached. If afterward found deficient in
| the necessary qualifications to make de-
| tective they are returned to the position
| they formerly held in the uniformed ranks
There is large force of mounted men.
who serve regularly in the outlying dis
tricts. and at times of professions are used
to line up to keep back the crowds.
Small Pay Of Patrolmen.
'"The pay Of patrolmen is much less than
with us. For the first years service they
| receive $24 per month, which Is increased
81 per month yearly until 1t reaches $50
per month. which is the maximum. He is
| provided with all the regulation clothing
| at the cost Of the department including
| socks and necktes, and also with fuel. or
| a. money consideration in lieu Of 1t. OFF,
| GERS in citizens clothes receive yearly
| allowance sufficient to dress respectfully.
| All single men are required to live in quar-
&axS dad he anrkv,
| plain, but neatly furnished, for which only
| a nominal charge of 81 per month for
| single room, and for men with families oc-
cupying three rooms or more, not to ex-
| ceed S3 per month. Married men can live
outside the quarters if they desire. When
transferred from one division to another
the cost of transfer is paid by the depart
ment. The single men form meSseS, under
department regulations, where meals are
served at the lowest possible prices. A
good meal is furnished at a cost of from
6 to 10 cents. All the surroundings are
scrupulously clean and neat The men are
on duty eight hours daily. Those who are
attached to the central stations, the beats
being short and contiguous, the reliefs are
subdivided the men on the first relief Serv
ing from a m. to 10 am. and from pm.
to 6 pm; the second relief from 10 am. to
2 pm, and from pm. to 10 p. m. The third
relief Is from 10 p. m. to 9 a.m being eight
hours straight In outside districts all re-
liefs serve eight hours continuously. They
are allowed time off when attending courts
or when having performed extra duty.
Mounted men patrol but five hours being
held at the stations as reserve the other
three hours. When off regular duty all
may appear In citizens clothes. The gen.
eral rules governing the force are practi-
caIly the same as with us. No officer can
be dismissed without a trial. A deduction is
made from pay when unfit for duty through
injury Or sickness, unless received while in
performance OF duty, when full pay is al
| lowed. :.
Pension system,
Pensions are given according to length
of service. No pension Is given for service
of less than fifteen years, and 1t increases
with the number of years served. Where
an officer has been injured or contracted
disease while in the performance Of duty,
rendering him unfit for service, he is re-
tired. receiving the maximum pension
which is two-thirds the amount Of pay re-
ceived by the officer at the time OF retire
ment. Widows and children Of officers
who die from injuries received or who die
after fifteen years service, are pensioned.
Officers who have served three years and
less than fifteen years. and who are re-
tired on account Of infirmities not caused
while in performance of duty, are granted
a gratuity or lump sum OF one months pay
for every year they have served. Consider
ing the smalIness Of officers regular pay
the pensions granted are very liberal.
The officers rank as follows: Commits
sioners chief constable. superintendents
chief inspectors, inspectors sergeants con-
stables, clerks, reserves. The reserves are
Identical with our substitutes. All promo
tic ms, including superintendents, are made
from the rank below. The rate Of pay is
as follows: Superintendents from 81 500 to
81 600 per year: chief inspectors, from 81 500
to 81. $50 per year: inspectors, from 81, go to
81 430 per year: first-class sergeants. from
$3.50 to $50 pc. year. second-class SER
geants, from $3.50 to $3.50 per year; consta-
bies. from 1920 to $420 per year.
Supervision Of Street TraAhe.
"Oficers assigned to special duty. or
whose services have been Of great value to
the department, or who have performed
some worthy act which calls for recogni-
ton. are given a rate of pay above that to
which their rank entities them. All licenses
to drivers and conductors Of public vehicles
are issued by the police department. under
instructions from the secretary Of state.
No person Is allowed to drive vehicle or
act as conductor without license. They
are examined and tested as to their ability
In handling horses and driving In the
crowded thoroughfares: also their knowl-
edge Of street locations, and their reputa-
tion for honesty and integrity. The exam
ination Is so thorough and exacting that
cases Of incompetency or extortion are
rare. The drivers of public vehicles In the
City Of London the most COJrtoOua and