The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1901-12-05
Fh}MnSCienCef
s |s2zeIllVentiOn

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The fishes of America north of the
Isthmus Of Panama, as listed by Jor
dan and Evermann, embrace three
classes, thirty orders, 225 families
lib genera. 335 sub-genera, 3,262 spe-
cies and 1873 sub-species.
A Belgian engineer, Tobiansky, has
Invented an apparatus for producing
light from smoke. 1t appears that the
origin of the smoke is a matter of in
difference. 1t is simply forced into a
receiver, where it is saturated with
hydrOcarburet, and can then be burn
ed, giving a brilliant illumination.
An interesting meteorological station
is that of Mammoth Tank, on the line
of the Southern Pacific Railway, in
Diego County. Cal. The mean annual
rainfall for twenty-three years has
been 1.S1 inches; maximum tempera-
ture 100 degrees, on Aug. II, 1878; hot
test month July, with a mean of $50
degrees.
The best test for rubies and eme aids,
says DR.. Emmanuel Friedlaender Of
Berlin, Is microscopic examination.
Nearly every ruby and all emeralds
have many defects which are so char
acteristic that the expert can recognize
them, and which cannot be produced in
artificial stones True emeralds have
minute enclosures of liquids and curl
Gus IDENTIFIES. Sapphires also show pc
culiar net-like formations. A magnify
ing power of 100 diameters sufices to
reveal the characteristic defects. For
diamonds a good test is that of hard
ness. genuine diamond cannot be
scratched by file or by quartz, and a
ruby should stand a similar test; but
emerald is not much harder than
quartz, and cracks easily.
During the firing of minute-guns by
the English fleet at Spithead. on the
occasion Of Queen Yictoria's funeral
the sounds were heard at surprising |
distances inland. and the English scien- |
tine journals have since published |
many interesting facts about these phe-
nomena. 1t seems TO be established that
not only the direction of the wind but
its relative velocity at different eIeva-
lions from the ground, affected the di-
rectlon OF the sound waves. In some
cases, contrary winds refracted the
sound over the heads of observers he
tween 10 and 10 miles from the shins
80 that they did not hear the guns. bur
ne same waves were afterward
brought 10 the ground by favorable
ipper currents. rendering the sounds
hubble at nifty miles. and even as far
IS 40 miles. while at 81 miles they
we're 50 loud that labOrers in the fields
'ut down their spades and listened 70
hem.
In several parts Of the world a resin.
us substance called ozocerite and
caring considerable resemblance ~
eeswax. is found. usually in eonna,
ION with rock salt and coal. There
re deposits in Austria, Russia Ron.
lania. Egypt, Algeria. Canada and
ieAlco' but. says our consul NJ Trieste
L. hoSsIeid' ozocerite has. so far. nor
zen discovered in sufficient quantities
pay Tor mining anywhere excenr in
lie district OF Boryslav. in Ausrr;an
allcia, and on an island on tho w. {
'as' OF the Caspian sea In MINING
Is mineral wax. shafts are sunk unrsI
oeu. or nest, Of OzOcerite is srr,,cl-
Aen connecting galleries are driven {
here IS considerable danger. and man, q
'es have been lost in consequence ~ {
e sudden forcing up Of the soft way
70 the shafts by the enormous n~as
re 70 which il is subjected. II * rsss p
rseiy for manufacturing ceresin
lieh IS employed. together with baas
IL Tor making wax candles as vail O
IN the manufacture Of phonogrsnb,. ~
.in0eFS' and for many similar pur- @,