The evening times. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1895-1902, 1901-09-18

| lopen due west to a meridian line running
I through the middle point OF the PENN
sula- This meridian line was TO be run
by the surveyors north from the middle
point so as to form a tangent with the
semi-cirCle drawn around New Castle.
From the tangent point the line was 20 be
run due north until II reached the latitude
of fifteen miles south Of the southernmOst
I part Of Philadelphia. From tins point
line running due west was TO be the ut
most longitude Of Pennsylvania"
Commissioners appointed 10 run these
/ lines began work in 1872 and again in
lt.S. But as they proceeded cumplica-
I lions arose and successive appeals were
made TO the ChanCery Court In London.
In 400 the actual work of surveying the
boundary bo gan A surveying party un-
der the lead Of John Lukens and Archi-
paid McClean, with six brothers u the
latter. commenced their duties Within
three years they had established the line
across the peninsula. they had measured
the radius from New Castle and had
marked the tangent point Then the pro
prietors r. siding in London became i'm
patient al the long delay, and Charles
MASON ana jeremiah Dixon were appoint
"a 70 complete the surveys. They arrived
IN Philadelphia November Is, 1853 and in
the Following month began work IN com
pdny with the old surveyors They first
tStablShed the sOuthCrnmOst point OF
Philadelphia. For the purpose they caus-
ed an observatory TO be construct I'd and
on January 8, 1894, they determined its
latitude rs q degrees e minutes and g6 z
seconds north Mason and Dixon thcn
carefully examined the surveys Of their
predecessors and adopted them as correct
and established the point Of departure for
the boundary line between the colonies
In the fall Of 1864 they ran the line which
DtarS their names westward TO the Sus-
I Quehanna
While one party was laying out this
: Inc another ran the meridian line from
: the middle point OF the peninsula and de
/ scr1hed part Of the arc on the twelve-miIe
radius, 50 as 70 determine with eIactDCss
J corner e Of
/ sylNanla, Maryland. and Delaware The
/ lII'WlHE year the line was SURVEYED west
| OF the Susquehanna River, and after
many DELAYS, due 70 the hostility Of the
] llGldIS. the line was run and marked ~
miles from the Delaware. The last TWEEN
I " miles Of the line had been fafd with
I great dlfhculty, as the Indians were r1ls-
/ plClous, though apparently friendly FL
I hallE, at the Indian Warpatn az the sec
. ond crossing OF Dunkard Creek. ia what
3 IS now West Virginia. the surveyors were
/ commanded TO halt by ernissa ,ies Of the
I ished. ~ 0'1iI'4-
/ over the greater part of the route mile
4 stones were set - by the surveyors the
/ letter = being cut on one side and tn let
I Ter NJ on the other At each smile mari,
/ a stone was set up bearing on the north
} side the arms Of Penn and on the south
I side the arms Of the Calverts. one or
/ Two OF these are still in a fair degree OF
J preservation though most Of the stones
0 nave been uefaCed or entirely DESTROYED
I by relic hunters. one Of the stones Al
! Delta and one on South Mountain have
Z been preserved
! The band Of surveyors which slowly
! pushed its way through the forests and
/ across the valley OF the Little Allegheny
Z Is described in Mason an1 T1fX6n's Jour
. nal as consisting Of eight official survey
. ors, an escort Of fourteen Indians and
/ thirty-five chain bearers. a Xu1en. commits
! sarlts, cooks. and baggage carriers.
W lille the establishment Of this line ter
7 minated the border warfare between the
/ achcrents Of Penn and Calvert, which had
I continued for nearly ninety years. IL did
3 not prevent the removal Of the corner
4 stone and the partial ObliteTatiOn Of the
boundary. In 1919 "A desire was manifest
] cd for a new survey. and commissioners
/ were appointed by Maryland. PenusyIva-
] MIA and Delaware, who appointed Lieut..
{ Col James d Graham. OF the United
4 States Typographical Survey Colonel
} Graham went over the work Of the pre-
J vi0us surveyors and in the main cOrrob-
J GRATED n. He found that the radius Of
/ twelve miles used 10 establish the arc Of
+ the semi-CirCle was two feet and four
/ inches too short and that the tangent
. point had been placed l5I feet too far
. south. As the result Of this resurv, s,
/ besides establishing the cornerstone. Ma
/ Tylaud received l-S1 acres 81 territory.
] The present survey is founded upon the
! old lines and has in view principally the
/ rc-markiug Of the boundary by iron posts
/ which the relic hunters cannot break up
! and carry away.