davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1901-03-21
COMMERCIAL INDUSTRIES OF The UNITED STATES.
By R. O.;
pounds of trolly wire for road in
British India.

| DllUi0l 1hCAo'
Turning now for a moment from
7 Great Britain to the other coun-
tries in Europe one finds that
American coal can now be eX-
ported to the Mediterranean ports
at a profit and that there are
steamships now making regular
tri-weekly trips between Newport
News and Marseilles.
The European wooden, boot and
shoe trades, due in a great meas
ure to the activity of Our consuls
abroad, are being interfered with
by the invasion Of American
goods. In Germany alone it is
said some fifty to one hundred
thousand workers in the boot and
shoe trade are threatened by loss
Of work by American competition.
The German workers earn an
average of 81 per week; the
American workers from $40 to SIS
a week; yet we are able to COM
pete advantageously with them.
This is the more wonderful when
we consider that it is hardly ten
years ago since the United States
imported shoes from Europe-es-
pecially women footwear from
Austria while other grades were
made of leather imported from
England and Germany.
Today we not only make our
entire supply Of leather at home,
but export it in large quantities
abroad to such an extent that it
produces CONSERVATION among
foreign leather producers; while
on the other hand we flood Europe
with ready made shoes competing
with the products Of cheap labor
in England; establish shoe depots
in Paris and even in the CONNER
cial depots of Germany, and this
in the face of the fact that our
laborers are higher paid than
those abroad
Let us turn now for moment
to the steel industry, considered
by some the most important and
accurate gauge Of the position Of
a people in the scale of civiliza-
ton; being as it is claimed a
barometer Of trade and national
progress. We find that less than
two decades ago this industry was
in its infancy, while today we con-
troll the markets Of the world-dic-
tate either directly or indirectly
the prices Of iron and steel in all
countries. and partly through the
richness Of our supply Of iron ores
and coal, partly by the use Of
labor saving machinery and skill
full, effective means Of transporta-
ton. We have attained posi-
ton bv which we are not only
able to compete at home with the
old iron and steel producing coun-
tries, but also to proftably export
our products to Europe.
American tools, especially
hatchets, axes, files, saws, boring
implements, ETC., enjoy by reason
of their superior quality the best
reputation, and in spite of their
somewhat higher price, stand
above competition in nearly the
whole world Also in sewing
machines, bicycles and agricul-
tural implements, of every kind,
!. the United States has begun to
drive England and Germany from
the worlds markets, especially
that of Russia; and all this is due
part to the fact that our manu-
facturers are protected in our mar
kets from foreign competition and
can thus sell their manufactures
, cheaper abroad than at home.
incidentally it may be remarked
that the typewriter with which
+bo Euronoon docs his cOrra
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1901-03-21
Paper Read Before the ChautauQud Circle.

In 1901 Thomas Jefferson then
president of the United States
wrote to his friend in Paris, Du-
lpont de Neucoure: eve are an
agricultural people, poor in money
and owing great debts. This
was written in reference to our
inability to pay high price for
the island at the mouth OF the
Mississippi and for some land
on the left bank necessary to
give the United States control Of
the navigation Of the river.
One hundred years later, on
January Z, 1901, Senator Lodge
said in a speech in the senate,
Look at your map: a great SYM
metrical country; all under one
flag, No separate government; your
railroads running in steady con-
nections and carrying freight from
the Atlantic to the Pacific and
from the lakes to the gulf. Eu-
rope cannot beat that! every sep
arate state or empire system,
every separate railroad she has,
enhances the cost Of her articles.
We are beating her in iron and
steel. We can turn them out at a
price Europe cannot meet. We
are going to surpass her in other
articles. She has to take coal
from us. It is only question Of
time when her last stronghold, the
carrying trade, will be invaded H.
These remarkable statements
have been commented on a great
deal in Europe and editorial after
editorial has spoken of the great
commercial warfare which is being
waged against England and the
other European nations. That we
AS nation with our vast and in
calculable resources and our ever
increasing population destined to
become at the present rate Of in
crease over one hundred millions
in twenty years, together with the
plan we have adopted for putting
accumulated wealth into great CO.
operative trusts or syndicates for
the purpose of carrying on this
great commercial warfare have
thus almost at a bound risen to
become the most formidable power
in the world.
Our present commercial success
has been attributed to many caus-
es. bat [ think that We can define
il in one word, namely, individual
ism, the freedom of every capital
ist and every laborer to do the
best he can for himself: while in
England and other European
countries the tendency is to make
the Job last as long as possible,
by doing as little as they possibly
can.
However, whatever the reason for
our success, every one seems to
admit that the United States has
arrived" commercially: and while
industrial depression is reported
from almost every quarter Of Eu-
rope, the American manufacturers
are enjoying an almost unprece-
,dented period of prosperity. A
great deal of comment in English
papers has been made of the fact
that one English company has Sc
cured a contract for 10000 tons
of iron rails from the Australian
government at price not fa1
from $500 per ton above that at
which the American article could
have been obtained, thus costing the
government of Australia, or rather
the taxpayers of that nation $780,
700 in taxes for the privilege OF
patronizing a home rule company
Such facts as the above show
only too plainly how hopelessly
the British trade is out of it where
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1901-03-21
similar price.


definitely to enumerate list of
such articles apparently unimpor-
tant in themselves, but in their ag-
gregate MURDER and value of the
highest significance to modern
civilization, were time permitted
to do so. But it would probably
seem more interesting and charac-
teristic Of Yankee ingenuity to
cite the fact that an American
syndicate is now planning and has
even taken the initial steps in a
scheme to take in hand the whole
sleeping car service Of Europe to
improve it and make it cheaper
than is now possible. Also the
taking in hand of the street car sys-
tenn of London by our own re-
doubtable Mr.. Yerxes of Chicago.
In fact wherever we cast our eyes
we find American manufacturers
and syndicates calculating how
they can place their surplus pro-
ducts in European markets.
in very important sense we
have become the creditor nation
of the world. From chronic
condition Of dependence upon the
banking force Of London, Paris
and Berlin, we find those centers
now dependent upon the large
floating balance of the United
States; subject to our lending
ability in periods of exigency,
carrying the largest stock of gold
in the world and holding the
largest resources for dealing with
crisis in international affairs.
Three of the foremost European
governments, England, Germany,
and Russia have found it neces-
sary to come to our shores for
important loans, and the two
former have not applied in vain.
Thus if New York has not become
the financial centre of the world,
yet she may claim a foremost rank
among the cities which have won
that distinction, and who knows
but that her dreams may yet come
true.
But enough Of examples. Every
one of US who understands exist
ing conditions cannot help but
come to this conclusion, drawing
his deduction from the best
sources, that the commercial
growth Of our country is not ex-
aggeration but is in fact, actual
and real.
II Europe wishes to fight
Americanism in commerce and III
dustry she must fight us with
our own methods and not only
that. but they must be improved
and bettered if she hopes to win.
She must leave her old ways and
adopt the improved and progress
sive methods in every department
Of industry. must use more and
more effective machinery. Her
manufacturers as we'll as her mer-
chants must come to America,
send hither their assistants and
working men not merely to OBJ
serve specifically the methods
employed, but to study them
thoroughly, adopt them and If pos
sible to improve upon them just
as the American people have done
and are still doing with European
methods Of industry.
Will or can Europe do it? l
think not. Bowed down as she
is with the curse of militarism
which is slowly devouring her,
and only by dropping this curse
and undergoing a revolution can
she hope to stay our progress
towards commercial supremacy.
The institutions of our government
place each man upon his own re-
sonrces and in order TO hold his
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1901-03-21
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Our fee returned if we fail Any one sending
sketch and description of any. invention will
promptly receive our opinion free concerning
the patentab ility of same. "How to Obtain a
Patent" sent upon request. Patents secured
through us advertised for sale at our expense. :,
Patents taken out through us receive spectoI
an illustrated and widely circulated Journal
consulted by Manufacturers and Investors.
Send for sample copy FREE. Address,
VICTOR y. EVANS & CO.
Patent Att0fneyS,)
Evans Building, WASHINGTON. D. q
Amador ledger. (Jackson, Amador County, Calif.) 1875-19??, 1901-06-28
PINE GROVE.

The weather is very pleasant now, all
that could be desired.
The dance in the town hall last Sat-
urday night, was a decided success.
Six sets danced. Harmon Bros. and
Pitts furnished the music. l noticed
people from all the adjoining towns,
except Volcano. Now Volcano, | do
not think you q bit sOciable. We al
ways turn out to your dances, but you
never come to ours.
An employee OF the Standard Elec-
trio Company was seriously hurt last
Tuesday. He fell from the trestle of
the Bald Rock fiume, striking on his
head among the rocks. He fell about
26 feet.
Mr.. Butler, the Defender merchant,
is the happy father of twin boys, born
last Saturday. That's right, Sol, you
have helped the school out.
The roads are very dusty now, and
unusually rough for this early in the
season,
Lee Payton, who hurt his back while
floating lum Der in the Amador canal,
is improving slowly.
Ray Hopkins is getting along nicely.
He got silver in his eye while cutting
wood.
Pine Grove is rather deserted since
our townsmen left for Nome. The
ones who have gone are j. H. Werly,
Alex Adams, L. Berry, Geo. West, j.
Hamilton and the Chase Bros.
The town is not dead yet by any
means. At least it has not seemed so
the last few evenings. Be careful boys,
and look out for strangers.
WAWONA.
Amador ledger. (Jackson, Amador County, Calif.) 1875-19??, 1901-06-28
OIL PROJECT ABANDONED.
Will Not Bore In Carbonate District.

Will Not Bore In Carbonate District.
The boom in oil, which few weeks
ago promised to bring Amador county
within its sphere of operations, has
collapsed. A quantity of land in the
vicinity of Carbonate was bonded on
the strength of oil indications. The
excitement extended to Jackson valley,
and number of farmers were offered
liberal terms for their holdings. But
no one was found to muster up suffici-
ent courage or capital to commence
actual boring. Every one waited for
the other fellow to go to the expense of
proving the ground. So the ground
has remained improved, although it is
claimed by those we'll posted in oil mat
GERS, that strong indications exist at
several points. The Sacramento News
says:
There was a stormy meeting of the
shareholders and promoters of the Car
bondale Oil Company in the rooms of
the Cham Der of Commerce on Friday
evening. The issue was as to action
on the adverse report of the expert
employed to pass upon the value of the
lands of the company for oil purposes.
the matter and on his advice nearly all
the shareholders we're inclined to give
up the idea of going to the expense of
boring for oil. Judge Hinkson cham
pioued the cause of those who have
faith in the value of the property and
argued strongly in favor of proceeding
to bore for oil. Judge Hinkson recited
the numerous surface indications of the
nearby presence of oil, but after tn
multuous wrangle he was overruled
and the Carbonate company decided
to disband. The promoters include
some of the most prominent men in
town. They bonded large areas in this
and Amador county on the strength Of
pronounced surface indications. The
residents of the region had been obliged
to abandon wells and springs because
of the oil flavor of the water, but the
expert refused to consider this testi-
mony as proof that oil in paying
quantity exists beneath the soil.
Amador ledger. (Jackson, Amador County, Calif.) 1875-19??, 1901-06-28
Teachers Examination.

The Board OF Education of Amador
county has been in session the whole Of
the week, examining applicants for
teachers certificates. Nine applicants
were present Monday to be examined
for primary certificates. The exami-
nation for grammar grade certificates
was commenced Thursday. To-day
the board will take up the matter of
granting high school certificates.
These certificates are issued on creden-
tials from "a university or state
normal school, showing that the appli-
cant has passed the pedagogical course
required to qualify him for teaching.
This session of the county board of
education is the last under the old law
for the granting and renewing of GER
tificates. Heretofore the examinations
have been held semi-annually-in June
and December. Hereafter they will be
required to meet only once year. The
time of that meeting has not been fixed.
1t is left for each county board to fix
the date for the annual examination.
The following received primary
grade certificates: Edna A. Rust, Jack
SON.; Edna A. McWayne, Drytown;
Rosie A. Cook, lone; James A. Smith
and Mabel Wilson, West Point.
Amador ledger. (Jackson, Amador County, Calif.) 1875-19??, 1901-06-28
COMMUNICATION.

AS independence Day approaches
and the sign OF the fire cracker is
abroad in the land; as the preparations
for the celebration in Jackson assume
definite form, and the bright eyes and
expectant faces of our country boys
give warning to us older folks that the
day of days, the day of noise, for
stalwart independent boys" will soon be
here, it makes me think of fourths that
are gone. Not of the good times wit
messed, but of terror and danger to
many, caused by thoughtlessness. To
be more definite. Two years ago your
correspondent saw a lady's clothes set
afire on Main street, by fire crackers
thrown on the sidewalk by boys in the
street. We crushed out the fire before
the wearer of that fine creation of
lawn and lace received bodily injury,
but her dress was ''disfgured for life. !"
Now, if the lady had worn a light all
wool skirt she would most likely have
escaped all fright and the injury to her
garments. But, better still would it
have been if the exploding of fire
crackers of every kind had been pro-
hibited on the streets and sidewalks of
the town during the public exercises
and contests. Couldn't the committee
give the boys vacant lot where they
might fire the festive ''cracker' from
dawn till dark, and thus take the
initiative in this beginning of new
century, in establishing a custom for
the comfort and safety of the old folks,
and ladies who will wear dresses of in
hamable material when they go to a
4th of July celebration. Surely our
good sheriff would aid the committee
in very material way to Danish the
distressing noise from the streets for a
part of the day at least, and thus
render the enjoyment of the literary
programme possible to much greater
number of people. AMADORIAN.
Amador ledger. (Jackson, Amador County, Calif.) 1875-19??, 1901-06-28
-sprinkling The Roads.

The water pipe for sprinkling pur-
poses has been all laid from Martell's
station to point on the lone road
where the Cyclone station once stood
a distance of about three or three and
a half miles. 1t was expected to have
the entire road traversed by the
sprinkling carts this week. The in
tention is to have the sprinkling done
at night. Watering places have been
established at easy distances along the
road. Three four-horse teams are ex-
pected to do the entire roadway from
Jackson to AmadOr, and from Martell's
to lone. Two teams will operate be-
tween Martell's and lone, and the other
from Jackson to Amador. 1t is intend
ed to make only one trip during the
twenty-four hours. The wagons are
large, and will throw a heavy stream
upon the road, sufficient, it is thought,
to lay the dust throughout the day.
The price of each team will be about
$3.50 per month; and the idea is to
sprinkle for four months in the year.
At this rate it will cost $500 per year,
to say nothing about the price of water
or the cost OF maintenance of pipe line.
bitches and tanks.
Amador ledger. (Jackson, Amador County, Calif.) 1875-19??, 1901-06-28
AROUND THE MINES
Transfer Of the Plymouth
Consolidated.
Sinking in Progress at the Argonaut.
Dividends of the Kennedy, Gwin
and Central Eureka.

Plymouth Consolidated-The Empire
and Pacific mines at Plymouth, owned
for many years by the Plymouth Con.
solidated Mining Company, in which
corporation Alvinza Hayward and w.
S. Hobart we're the largest stockhold.
ers, have come into the possession of
A. Hayward and the Hobart estate.
The transfer was made on the Sd inst,
on account of the failure of the COM
pany to meet the payments due Hay
ward & Co. 1t is generally believed
that this transfer will lead to the. early
resumption of work upon this property
The mines produced an average OF
CSC, 900 per month for five years. They
were worked to depth of 100 feet,
when the fire caused the shutdown.
The proposition of deep mining, now
so popular on account of the develop
ments at other points along the lode,
was secuted in those days. But it is
very likely that areas of ore as large
and rich as any heretofore encountered
still sleep within the confines of this
famous property. Plymouth has
reason to expect another revival oil
business as the outcome of the change
of ownership of the Empire and Pacific
mines.
Argonaut-Sinking operations are in
progress at this mine. The litigation
with the Kennedy is not yet termi-
mated, but the Argonaut executed a
bond to indemnify the Kennedy in case
the judgment in favor of the former
company should be reversed in the
court of last resort. This result is re-
garded as so impro bable that the Argo-
naut concluded to carry the shaft into
the disputed territory, and gave the
bond for that purpose.
Notwithstanding for the ledge
at the 800 level has reached a distance
of 80 feet from the shaft. 1t is expect
ed to cut the ledge at so feet. This
crosscut is being driven west, as the
nearest ore body is believed to lie in
that direction. From surface indica.
tions, there is quartz to the east, and
prospecting in this direction will be in
order later.
Kennedy-This company paid divi-
dend Of five cents per share for the
current month, amounting to $4,000.
Total dividend paid to date, 81. SO1, 900.
Gwin-This mine paid dividend OF
Is cents per sharein June, 1901, amount.
ing to SIS, 900. 1t has paid sS5, 600 in
dividends this year. Total amount of
dividends to date, 1926, 500.
Central Eureka--This company has
paid total of 500, 900 in dividends.
The last dividend of FIVE cents per
share was paid in April last.
Amador ledger. (Jackson, Amador County, Calif.) 1875-19??, 1901-06-28
PERSONALS.

Miss Lille Smell of Nevada City, is
visiting Mrs. James Mushett.
Capt. W. B. Weber of the Standard
Oil Company, was in Jackson this week.
E. Richards of San Jose, came up
the first of the week to look after some
mining interests.
Mrs. Eudey and two daughters left
Jackson Tuesday morning for Alameda,
to be gone two or three weeks.
Rev. S. Dabovich came up from San
Francisco last Friday, on matters con-
corning the Greek church of this place.
Hon. R. C. Rust, superior Judge OF
this county, has been engaged to de-
liver the GRAFTON at the 4th of July
celebration to be held in Sonora.
Mr.. Black and wife, of Woodland,
who have been visiting their daughter,
Mrs. McClutcheon, OF the Jackson shoe
store for several days, left Tuesday
morning for their home in the valley
town.
Messrs. w. E. Kent, Ed. Kelley and
Al Hammack left on fishing expedi-
ton to Mill creek, early this week.
Reports are current that they bagged
lot of gang, and that too without the
assistance of Indians or other experts.
Mr.. D. Chambers left Jackson Sat-
urday morning for Denver, Colorado.
He expects to make his home in that
state. Mrs. Chambers will remain with
her parents in Jackson for while, but
expects to join her husband in the
course OF few weeks.
pr. A: NJ. Gall, S. G. Spagnoli, A..
c. barrett, Jas. Dye jr., WI llace Kay,
Mr.. and Mrs. ]. E. Dye went to Stock
ton Monday to witness the laying of
the foundation for the new post-office
in that city by Grin Anderson, grand
senior warden of the Masonic Grand
Lodge of California.
Mrs. Ella Caminetti and Mrs. Rose
Podesta were delegates from Ursula
Parlor No. l, of Jackson, to the
national encampment of the N. D.
G. W., held at Sacramento the 18th.
They report a grand time, and saw
that they were royally treated. Mrs.
e. "Caninetti was elected trustee for
the ensuing year by very large vote.
Amador ledger. (Jackson, Amador County, Calif.) 1875-19??, 1901-06-28
Water Rates.

The city council of Placerville has
just established the rates to be paid by
consumers for the use of water in that
town. A comparison with Jackson
shows that in many instances the rates
there are materially lower than those
charged in this town. For instance.
For dwellings of the first class, having
more than four occupants with patent
closets, 81 per month; without closet
go cents. Second class with four or
less occupants, rs and 80 cents. Hotels
from S13 to "a. Restaurants and eat
ing houses S1.25. Barber shops, with
out bathtub, 81, each bathtub 25 cents
Printing offices. without water power,
so cents; for each water power press,
S1.25; court houses $3.50; steam plant
under horse power, $3.50; sprinkling
streets, l2O frontage, 81; not exceeding
go feet, so cents.
These. are few items from the
schedule, but they are sufficient to
show that there Is vast disparity be-
tween the rates there and here. Taken
as whole, perhaps, there would not
be much difference, but if the Placer
vile authorities have adopted fair
basis, the prices here are a long way
from being properly adjusted. A re-
vision Of the jackson rates all round
would not be amiss. Some are paying
out OF all proportion to others. It is
within the power of the supervisors to
establish rates for all towns in the
county. -
Amador ledger. (Jackson, Amador County, Calif.) 1875-19??, 1901-06-28
Ratto-Brinardelli.

Wednesday morning at hall past five
o'clock, at Father Gleason's church,
Father Gleason officiating, Miss
Theresa Brinardelli and Mr.. John B.
Ratio were married. They we're at
tended by Miss Marie Brescia and Mr..
Joe Lagamarsino, as bridesmaid and
best man. The bride wore a beautiful
light grey cashmere, trimmed in muslin
de'soure embroidery, and the brides
maid was dressed in white organdie.
After the ceremony the guests were
entertained by the BRIDES parents at
an elaborate wedding breakfast. There
were many costly presents as testi-
monials of the good wishes Of their
many friends. The bride and groom
left for San Francisco for short
wedding trip.
The following witnesses were present
at the ceremony: Mr.. and Mrs. J. B.
Ratio, Mr.. and Mrs. J. Brinardelli,
Mr.. and Mrs. F. Valvo, Mrs. Perano,
Mr.. and Mrs. L. Poggi, Mrs. B.
Sanguinetti, Mrs. Geo. Thomas, Mrs.
H. Langhorst; Misses Louisa Guerra,
Dooley Sanguinetti, Mary Perano
Rose Perano, Marie Brescia, Marie
Weller; Messrs. Ernest Brinardelli,
Joe Lagamarsino, Paul Poggi, John
Fregulia, A. Basso, B. Airaldi.