davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Weiser signal. [volume] (Weiser, Idaho) 1890-1904, 1901-10-10

States, instead of frankly recog-
nizing that there was room for gen.
eral doubt. undertook to establish
rights. The cession
Of the Floridas, in blending the ter
ritories, put an end to the discussion
of the eastern limits of Louisiana
which until then had been inextri-
cable in It's difficulties. AS for the
boundaries of the west, it was rem
dered easier to settle them by the
fact that Spain found itself under
the necessity of getting rid of all
complications iE America, and the
treaty Of February, 1919, put an
end to the embarrassment in which
that power found itself involved.
1t was agreed that the Sabine river
should be the boundaries between
~ the two countries.
a Publishing this map in 1929
~ Marbois accepts the Sab
inc as the boundary
: :, !, : :: : ! !; : !; !; !;
- fixed for the tor
~ ty
- the claim to {
NJ 81 been set up under
271lW ASS the treaty by the
n 81 evident here as elsewhere
z - that to his mind the indefinite
ness of thetreaty-to which he
was a party-wasa gooderound for
Z, claims against England as the enemy
of France, and not against "His Cath
olc Majesty" "This same treaty,
he continues, referring now to the
treaty of 1919 with Spain, "deter-
mined their line of separation
from the sources of the Arkansas to
the Pacific. 1t is traced along these
sources to the forty-second parallel
which it follows to the ocean, A
ukase of the Emperor Alexander
(September 1920 asserts that the
rights of Russia on the northwest
coast of America, extend from the
Nor thern extremity of the conti-
nent to the fifty-first degree of lati-
tude on the south. This is also the
limit which the United States, start
ing from the forty -second parallel,
set their claims on the north They
have even shown disposition to
stop at the fortyninth degree. Eng
land and the United States have not
been able to agree on their occupa-
ton of this territory. A convention
entered into October goth 1918, de-
clares that the territory claimed by
each shall be opened to the trade OF
each for period of ten years. This
term is about to expire, and it may
be that the agreement has already
expired Fourteen days before the
signature of the treaty of Ghent,
the settlement of the Columbia had
been restored to the United States.
The cession Of Louisiana was an as
sured guarantee of the future great
ness of the United States, and 1t OPP
posed an insurmountable obstacle to
the design formed by England Of
dominating in America. They con-
cluded at once that the negotiations
for peace, opened at Ghent, gave
them an opportunity to recover their
lost advantages. Their ministers
renewed their claims for the free
navigation of the Mississippi. They
demanded as an absolute condition
that there should be neutral belt of
Indian territory bordering that of
The Weiser signal. [volume] (Weiser, Idaho) 1890-1904, 1901-10-10

its climax in the famous ''Fifty four
Forty, or Fight" which the allitera-
tive eloquence of William Allen in
1914, made the "slogan" of pres
idential campaign.
At the time of the negotiations
with Monroe and Livingston which
Marbois is reporting, the Lewis and
Clark expedition was already prepar-
ing to explore the country from st.
Louis to the Pacific-undoubt
with a view of its ultimate occupa-
tion-a fact which lends an added
interest to what Marbois SAYS of the
boundary. "There had been histor-
ical and diplomatic researches con
cerning first occupation and first acts
of sovereignty over it, !" he writes,
"but as often happens IN such cases,
the result was that travellers and his
torians had left nothing but vague
and general ideas on the subject.
They had related only the accidents
of navigations, or the acts of occu-
patton to which contradictory acts
could be opposed. According to the
ancient records, the bishopric of
New Orleans extended TO the
Pacific, and it WAS incontest-
able that the diocesan boun- I N
daries were thus express \%1
ed. But this was based I
on little besides hope
and the savages of I 4
the country had IA sss !, 6. S.a:
juris- 4 M ~
The Weiser signal. [volume] (Weiser, Idaho) 1890-1904, 1901-10-10


were certainly not comprised in the
cesson, but already the United States
are established there.
This is full and sufficient expla-
nation of the dispute over the bound
aries of the Original Louisiana ces-
sion, which is carried on almost as
vigorously at the beginning of the
Twentieth century, as it was at the
beginning of the nineteenth. If
what Marbois says with such guarded
diplomacy were reduced to a single
blunt sentence, it would be perhaps
that he first pointed out to Monroe
and Livingston that as England had
claimed the whole country north OF
the United States under the treaty OF
1853, though France ceded nothing
it did not own, so the United States
under the treaty vf 1902 with the
obscurity left there or 'put there
could claim everything which the
treaty left indefinite as belonging to
no one in particular. Having sug-
gested that his view of the advan-
tages and disadvantages of indef-
niteness may have been cray of
light" to the two American dlplo-
mats, Marbois condemns indefinite
ness in general as wrong and reflects
with some asperity on the United
States for having applied them
against Spain, when it seems to have
been his idea that they were rightly
applicable only against England.
"The negotiations with Spail
which followed several years later il
relation to the boundaries of Louis
iaua were long and difficult, he says
-"The Government of the Unite
The Weiser signal. [volume] (Weiser, Idaho) 1890-1904, 1901-10-10

tory, he prints in green OF the same
shade which he extends from the
Gulf of Mexico at the mouth of the
Mississippi to the Pacific, which he
calls the "Grand Ocean"
1t was specially in this direction
the Indebtedness of the boundary
was. expected to be advantageous,
both to the United States and to
France, to the United States, which
by exploration could press a claim
of right by discovery and occupa-
ton, supported if necessary by a
claim based on the Louisiana cession;
and to France, (then about to be at
tackled by England in violation of
the treaty of Amiens,) because the
claims of England to the territory
of the Northwest Pacific would tend
to force the United States and Eng
land into a hostile attitude
Marbois makes it clear that this
idea was fully defined in Napoleon s
mind while the treaty was still under
discussion. AS the French plenipo-
tentiary and Napoleon's confidential
adviser, he reported to the First
Consul, what had been said of the
uncertainties of the boundaries. In
giving an account to the FIRST Consul
of the proceedings of the conference,
he writes: "The French Negotiator
(Marbois himself,) pointed out to
him the obscurity of this article, and
the inconvenience of stipulation
so uncertain In answer to this
observation, he had this response
eff the obscurity was not there al
ready, perhaps it would be good pol.
itics to put it there
The meaning of Napoeon's ides
of "go)d politics Marbois illus
trates in the sentence preceding
this 1.-The coast of the Pacific I
were certainly not comprised !
in the cession. But already I 4
=: !: !: :: : :: :: :: : :
the United States are es- 4
tablished there. I
The color scheme ( 4
of his map which 4 4
illustrates this 4
idea by giving 4 4
The Weiser signal. [volume] (Weiser, Idaho) 1890-1904, 1901-10-10

tains, the country of which
the Columbia river is the northern
boundary, (Dow the state of Oregon)
he labels as Territories and coun-
tries occupied by the United States
in consequ ence of the treaty of ces-
sion of louisiana" while that part
of the old "Oregon territory which
is now the state Of Washington, he
labels as in dispute between England
and the United States-a dispute
which Illustrated Napoleonic ''good
politics by continuing until it had
The Weiser signal. [volume] (Weiser, Idaho) 1890-1904, 1901-10-10

They had some Importance because
of the proximity of the sea and the
mouth Of the river; nevertheless,
this tract, disdained by European
powers, which had successively pos
sessed it, was hardly mentioned in
the conferences France had had
the lesser interest in it The single
word "Florida" could not have been
inserted in the treaty without OPEN
ing the way for great difficulties.
"The boundaries on the north !
and northwest were then less
easy to describe. Even the a
course of the Mississippi 4 ~,
could give room for dis "
pute, because this great
river, beyond the I a
forty third degree - 5
received sew 4 N{E
The Red Cloud chief., 1901-02-15

every dav and thinks he will be In fine
condition in two or three weeks.-He
is going to try a Skin" game on the
fellows who 20 in with him He is
learning his pig to stop and be petted
when he sings a short solo.-One OF the
other fellows is on and is also teaching
a pig for the occasion,-He says he will
not do a thing to Elmer only substitute
his pig for the one which likes a rasp-
ing song A. G. Hosmer will act as
referee and stdrter.-Before long II
meeting will be called to make ar
rangements for the formation Of a
stock company to build IA ground floor
opera house.-During the time inter.
veuing stand up for Red Cloud and
talk up the project.-Who will be the
next mayor?-That's the question.-As
far as we are concerned it will be the
same man Aside from his general
good qualifications his genial hospi.
tally to strangers causes them to say
good things about our town in distant
lands.-A ease of this kind happened
this week when "a worn and weary
traveller in tattered garments clad
made him n call unofficial Of coursel
in the early ACKNOWLEDGEMENT hos
pitaltty was al once in evidence and
he at once proceeded to divide up hi:
morning meal, providing, Of course
the visitor would exhibit the manner
in which a snow pillow worked .-Thi.
was agreeable, and the stranger "fllec
} up."-But alas, after the visitor haC
. got ready to start the snow pillow in op
GRAFTON, George was called to attent
TO other business.-The snow pillow no
caring to ''miss the train" departed
leaving the snow pillow "a scoop shovel
unmolested where the worthy mayo
told him he would find it.-Now tn,
next time George contracts for the ser
vices he will order the city marshal I,
see that the darned thing works.-Bu
that wasn't the worst OF it.-ln his hur
~ to catch the train the motive powe
of the snow pillow vent through tn,
barn and left the doors open, ant
George also being in a hurry to catc|
the train to go to the Superior CHECKER
/ show forgot to look and see that ev
erything was secure.-As a result tn
cow got out and had a high old time
An inventory later on showed at tn
! mayor was out half a breakfast, tw
| nice peach trees destroyed by the COW
! and two.bits paid to a fellow by hi
wife for catching the cow.-Talk abou
philanthropy and sociability.-We war
il distinctly understood We are for Gee
j. Warren for mayor again.
The Red Cloud chief., 1901-02-15
FREE EMPLOYMENT.
State Labor Bureau at Lincoln Ready 4
Receive Applications for Help or
Positions,

All persons desiring help and out of
employment should write at once To
the state labor bureau and let their
wants be known. The legislature of
1896 and 1897 passed n law making this
a free employment bureau for the en-.
tire state.
Those who want help should state in
their applications exactly what kind of
help is wanted, in which branch of la.
Dor, etc.
Those who want situations should
state sex, age, height, weight, trade
or experience, referen ,es, etc.
All information received by the bu
reau will be held strictly confidential
and all services rendered will be free
Absolutely no fee will be charged in
any case. This is a free employment
bureau and is designed to do away with
the private employment agency nuts,
ance in the big cities. by which so
many people are victimiZed.
All desiring help-carpenters, brick
makers, mill men, farm hands, city la
borers, cooks, servant girls, or help ot
any kind; should Immediately apply Il
this office and they will be put in com
municatiou with those IN the line o.
service desired
Persons out Of employment SHOULD
also write without delay, All uniille,
applications should be renewed ate
thirty days.
The Red Cloud chief., 1901-02-15
ALMOST FORGOTTEN.
Incidents Of Every Day Life Which Very
Few People Stop to Think About On
A.so IL Tk..~ .ttt.o,ee
Account Of Their LittIeness


What a lot Of prevaricaiors there are
/ this old world And some OF them
p~revaricate with such ease and grace
that the general public learn to think
that they are the most truthful Of men.
Now from the reading Of a section
Of our Blue Hill correspondence Of last
week, in which 1t described the troubles
Of Hugh Mcclure Of that place, and
his heartrending mishap with a runa.
way horse, would anybody believe it
was a pure piece Of prevarication made
out Of whole cloth?-Now we would
have been willing to bet n last years
almanac or the chance that Blue Hill
will go prohibition this year, that the
| event absolutely happened How ones
fond beliefs are suddenly dashed to
atoms.-On Tuesday we received n let.
ter Mt the p~ostonice, and Immediately
visions Of a new subscription with a
p~ostoffice money order attached OF an
| old subscriber who wished to pay up
for four or five years back and pay a
year in advance. were in our thoughts.
On getting at the contents our fond
hopes we're shattered. The communi.
cation was from Mr.. Il. NJ. Mcclure
one Of the substantial implement dealers
of that city, and stated that the item
was false from beginning to end and
kindly asked us to correct tive do
this with pleasure.-Our correspondent
is either a member in good standing Of
the Ancient Order OF Bald Headed Pre-.
yaricat0rs or else he was having q little
innocent fun at Mr.. McClure's expense.
Our advice TO him would be to OBJ.
serve W~ashington's birthday and take
advice from the little hatch,t episode,
But talking about prevaricatOrs, Red
Cloud has the onliest only one, (somt
people come out plain aud say the big
gest liar.)-We wont tell you the name
as most people sometime during theil
stay here have come under the ban o.
his virulent prevarications.- Even tn,
little birds are next aud won't sing IL
his back yard.-For several months
t this paper has been made a victim o
, his prevarications Strangers nav
. been cautioned to not enter the un
F.. sanctiiied portals Of the Office and som
who have listened to the oily tongue'
stories had almost come to- the belle
I that a ella monster was hidden within
But we caught on and invited som
@ of them to enter and they departev
n without having received the sting of
Q cobra de capello. This prevaricato
still lives and here is another Gas
g where Carrie and her little hatche
might get in a winning.-We do nc
wish to see the projectors of our ne'
" brick building improvement put to an
: unnecessary trouble or expense bu
" some kind OF temporary sidewal
. should be laid on the north and WEI
- of these lots.-The business along tn
;. portion Of the street has been conside
y ably impaired by the snow banks an
y mud.-Elmer Ross had so much fu
" out of the pig race Of week before la
~ that he has concluded to have M
= his own He will 500 issue a cha
=, lsnge TO all the hesvyweignts in Il
citv.-He is training for the eve
The Red Cloud chief., 1901-02-15

Mrs. Carrie Nations Financial man
aver" who was to steer a lecture
course on shares for the woman OF
hstchet fame. figured up the receipts
of an evenings lecture in Iowa and inn
mediatsly cancelled his engagement
aud put back for his Topeka home
while he had money enough left. As o
financial investment on the gate re
oeipt plan Carrie is an utter failure.
The Red Cloud chief., 1901-02-15

At dollar.a.plate dinner given ut
Columbus, Ohio, on Wednesday,
by the jefferson, jackson and Lin
coin league in honor of Abraham Lin
coins birthday, w. J. Bryan was in
troduced by the toastmas,er rs follows:
Tho last time | had the pleasure OF
introducing MIR. Bryan to you intro
duced him as the next president of the
United States. l again introduce him
TO you as ! did then" When did the
democrats conclude to make his candi
dacy perpetual, or until he should bt
elected?
The Red Cloud chief., 1901-02-15

In the second issue Of the Commoner
the editor believes that four years Is
long enough for anyone to be president,
however, his sopinion is not based on
actual experience with that high po'
sition, but from experience in trying
TO get IL.
The Red Cloud chief., 1901-02-15

Sewing as a business is an exacting and
e~xhausting occupation. Long hours, fne
work. poor light, unhealthy atmosphere
these are only some of the things
which fret the nerves and hurt the gen.
eral health. Often there is a diseased
condition of the woinanly organism
which causes backaclie or headache and
the working OF the sewing machine
under such conditions Is akin to torture.
The Red Cloud chief., 1901-02-15

A bill has been introduced in the
state legislature authorizing an appro'
priation Of SIS, 900 for a Nebraska ex
bibit at the Buffalo exposition.
The Red Cloud chief., 1901-02-15

A meeting will be called IN the near
future for the purpose of discussing
the opera house proposition. Watch
for the date.
The Red Cloud chief., 1901-02-15
Entered q, the nos, once at Red Cloud Neo.a '
scond class mail matter.
.nt,purtatNC RATES.

What's the reason Red Cloud don't
90 after me of those new state normal
schools?
The Red Cloud chief., 1901-02-15


IL is quite evident, from the facts so
far found out, that the populist officials
left the asylum for the chronic insane
A. Hastings with the firm belief that
they would never again get a chance to
get their fingers IN the state treasury
During the month of December, 1900,
the fusion officials spent 80 900 for gar
ments for the 400 male patients OF the
ASYLUM. The contract was given to a
fellow who had a ''pull" aud he lost no
time in filling it. AS u result the insti'
tuition is now overstocked with male
garments. The officials did not stop al
this but bought 1000 pounds OF butter
OF the 900 pounds of butter bought
there is very little of it that is hit to
eat, and some of the stuff is spoiled
and cannot be used at all, Had every
pound IT the butter, been good it would
hav. been enough tn run the institu'
ton for more than ten weeks. This
a,o was given 20 a man with "A pull
and goes 10 strengthen the suspicion
that the whole thing was a purely pc
litical deal.
The Red Cloud chief., 1901-02-15

D'h'@
Sick women are invited to consult DR..
Pierce by letter free, and so avoid the
indicate q~uestionings, offensive ex-
aminations and obnoxious local treat
ments deemed necessary by some physi-
clans. All correspondence private. Ad-
dress DIR. K. V. Pierce, Buffalo, N. ".
II take great pleasure in recommending Dr.
pietce's Ravorite Prescription for female weak.
ness.p writes Mrs. Susaunah Permenter, OF
Pauls store, shelby Co., Texas. was troubled
with bearing down pains In my. back aud hips
for six years, and wrote to DR.. Pierce for advice.
I tried his Favorite Prescription and SIX
bottles cured me. I feel like n new person aud
thank Dr. Pierce for my health. Lille Is =
burden to any one without health. have told
q great many Of my friends about the great
medicine I took" ,
DIR. Pierce's Common Sense Medical
Adviser, in paper covers, Is sent free on
receipt of al one-cent stamps to pay
expense of mailing only. Address Dr.
r. v. Pierce, Buffalo, N. Y.
The Red Cloud chief., 1901-02-15

Thousands of
women who work
have written CRATE
full letters to DIR.
X. v. Pierce, whose
favorite Prescrip.
tom has cured
their woinanly ills
and established
their general
health. "Favoritc
Prescription" es-
tablishes regular
ity, dries un-
healthy and oifcii-
sivc drains, heals
Inflammation and
liberation, and
cures female weak
ness. 1t makes
weak women
o and sick
v,n,uau vypli
The Red Cloud chief., 1901-02-15

The bill which was recently enacted
by the state legislature authorizing
the construction and maintenance OF
two more normal schools in the state
was undoubtedly a move that will be
sanctioned by q majority OF the people
of the state. But these two institu.
tions should be located where they
will do the most good and be the most
accessible to the large number who
wish to take advantage of them. An
other thing TO be taken into consider
alton is that they should be located In
towns OF sufficient size to accommo'
date them. Locating a normal school
in q town OF less than one thousand
population should n be thought OF
We would like to see q OF these
schools located in Red Cloud, and We
believe that no better location could be
found in the south central part OF the
state. Why not make a move 10 Sc
cure one Of these institutions
The Red Cloud chief., 1901-02-15

The wrong use to which many peo'
pie put two RICH, words that are fire.
auently used in connection with the
legislature impels us To tuIn school
ma'am for a moment. Three quarters
of the people use the word bill and act
rs though they meant one and the
same thing in legislative affairs. Not
80. A bill is a proposed act, a form or
draft Of a law presented To the legis'
lature for enactment. An act, on the
other hand, is a bill that has been en-
acted into law. Until it has passed II
continues to be q bill. While a meas
IRE Is pending IL cannot correctly bt
called an act. After it has been enact
I'D into legislation it a not correctly
be called y bill. A bill represents
something projected; an act something
accomplished. This is a distinction
with a difference, but mighty few PEG
ple either know or respect the differ
ence.-Ex.
The courier., 1901-03-09

matter. II is not likely that there is
Nebraska publisher so dead to his
own deserts. so unconscious of the
value Of his paper as TO accept this
extremely impertinent offer. / know
one publisher whom the offer has so
incensed against the manufacturers
who are trying TO get something for
nothing that that particular food has
become distaSteful. Dishonest pro-
moters may represent good article
but the chances are that the men who
are endeavOring to confidence pub.
fishers are not scrupulous about the
purity of a manufactured food. Ad-
yertising which prejudices the pub
fishers OF state against a product
will scarcely make the article popular.
Nebraska newspaper men who accept
so impudent an offer from health food
manufacturers are either very hungry
or estimate the advertising value of
their pages too mOdestly.
Advertising agents and publishers
of newspaper ANNALS have victimized
weekly newspapers long enough. The
publisher Of The Courier has thrown
ell daily offers similar to the one
received from the health-fOod man
ufacturer into the waste paper basket
for years. The unusual depravity Of
the health food lLan's efforts suggest
ed the abuses which Nebraska pub
fishers have encouraged but which
they should begin to rebuke. What
ever free advertising the manufactur-
ers Of the afore- mentioned food re-
ceives from these few remarks, IL is
gratis and no package of oatmeal need
be directed to this office.
The courier., 1901-03-09

Resolutions adopted by the executive
board Of the Massachusetts, state fedora
ton OF Women's clubs, BJston, January
9. 1901:
Whereas. the board OF directors OF the
general federation OF Women's clubs, at
it's meeting in November. 1900. voted to
postpone action upon the application Of
the Woman's Era club Of Boston, until
an amendment limiting the general fed
GRAFTON membership to clubs OF white
women, shall have been acted upon at
the biennial Of 1902;
Whereas, The membership committee
of the general federation has since re-
fused to consider applications OF clubs
for admission until they have stated
whether or not there are colored women
among their members. and
Whereas. We, the members Of the e1-
ecutive board of the Massachusetts,
state federation OF Women's clubs, be-
lieye that the adoption Of the color line
ip the membership rules Of the general
federation, whether it be done tscitly as
by the recent action Of the membership
committee, or BY future amendment OF
the bylaws, is contrary to the avowed
aims and purposes Of the federation. and
antaeonistic to the earnest convictions
Of the great majority Of it's members;
and that by introducing sectional and
partisan strife, it will prove fatal to tho
future influence Of the federation, il not
to it's very existence.
Resolved, That the executive board OF
the Massachusetts state federation tere
by urgently requests the board OF direc-