Barre evening telegram. (Barre, Vt.) 1898-19??, 1901-12-26

rent from the local cell to operate the
relay. One end of the tube Is connected
with the earth, the other with YER
tical conductor
II reflector for special direction
transmission Is being used at the send
ing station. short strip of copper Is
fixed to each end Of the glass tube In
the receiver. These strips must he ex-
actly proper length, otherwise they
will not be in tune, or syntony. with the
transmitted waves. All of the electro
magnetic apparatus in the receiver IL
shunted by noninductive resistances In
such way that there is no sparkling ut
contacts and no jerks caused by the
local battery. or cell. near the coherer.
! The "tapper" and Geographic instru.
ment. If not properly shunted. produce
disturbing effects. Small Choking
coils" are put between the coherer and
the relay. They force the waves to
traverse the coherer. The oscillations
or waves on the copper strips cause the
metal filings to cohere and become a
conductor. The "tapper" shakes the
filings apart, breaking the circuit. The
practical result Of this is that the dots
and dashes come just as they are trans
mitted and are so recorded by the mixer
in something Of the same fashion in
which Geographic instruments years
ago used to print upon paper tape.
With vertical wires 1t Is easy to reach
q station screened by a hill or curva-
ture Of the earth. In such cases 1t
seems to be marked advantage If the
aerial conductor Is thick or II capac-
ity area be placed at the top of 1t.
am rather doubtful as to the cor
rect explanation Of this effect. as there
Is little doubt Of the complete opacity
to electric waves Of q hill three miles
thick or of several miles Of sea water.
1t may be that the oscillations are
transmitted to earth by the grounded
wire and follow the earth's surface un-
til they reach the earth wire of the re-
ceiving instrument. A horizontal wire
even at a great height is Of no use in
increasing the range Of signals.
Without refectors the Geographic
signals radiate in all directions and af
feet all receivers within distance; with
refectors 1t is possible to throw the
electric waves in one almost parallel
beam. This would enable several
forts. hilltops or islands to communl-
cate without fear of an enemy inter-
cepting the messages.
The receiver rings bell only when
the radiator at the sending station is
directed toward it. In experiments at
a distance Of nearly two miles 1t was
noted that only very small movement
of the transmitting reflector was suffi-
Gent to stop the signals of the receiv-
err. The reflector system enables ships
to receive warning not only Of proxim.
1ty to danger, but Of the exact direc-
ton from which the warming comes.
The bell Of the receiver on shipboard
will ring only when the lighthouse re-
Hector is directed toward It, BY turn
ing the reflector 1t will be easy to To-
cate the direction of the transmitter.
BY a conventional number of taps or
rings the ship will be able to place
either perilous point to he avoided or
harbor for which she should steer.
During the queens life system was
installed at Queen Victoria's palace Of
Osborne. The other station was on the
royal yacht Osborne. moored in Cowes
bay. TX miles distant. High hills in.
tervened, Direct signaling by days,
scinaphores or Photograph was impos-
sible. Constant communication was
maintained for sixteen days without
hitch of any kind. The messages num-
bered $50 and were chiefly private
communications between the queen
and the Prince Of Wales. Many Of the
messages contained more than $50
words, and the average speed Of trans
mission was about fifteen words min
ute. Often when the yacht was on
cruise messages were sent at distances
Of seven and eight miles. Thee mes
ages were sent over high int *!ening
hills.
The system as installed In the italian
navy has worked admirably. Other In.
stalIations are contemplated for COM
mercial and military purposes. I am
confident that in few months many
more wireless telegraph stations will
no accumulated here and abroad.
Beating Eggs.
If the whites of eggs do not beat
lightly, stir into them little salt and
stand them ever or near the Ice for
few moments. They will then froth
more quickly and stitt1y.