The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1901-11-29

times needs to have the helping hand out
stretched to him. To be Prominently eff
fective aid must always take the form Of
| helping man to help himself, and we
can all best help ourselves BY joining to-
gether In the work that Is Of common in
terest to all
The Immigration Laws.
He pronounces our present immigration
laws unsatisfactory. In which connection
he says we need every honest and ef-
hcient immigrant fitted to become an
American citizen, every immigrant who
comes here to stay, who brings here a
strong body, a good head and q resOlute
purpose to dc his duty well IN every way
ana 10 bring up ais children as law-abiding,
God-tearing members OF the community"
But he says:
There should be a comprehensive law
enacted with the object of working a
threefcld Improvement over our present
system First, we should aim 10 exclude
absolutely not only all persons who are
known to be believers in anarchlstc prn-
ciples OF members of anarchists socie-
ties but also all persons who are of
low moral tendency or of unsav0ry repu-
tauon. This means that we should re-
Gtre a more thorough system OF inspec-
ticn abroad and more rigid system Ok
examination at our immigr tion ports,
the former being especially necessary.
THE second object Of proper immi-
grafton law ought to be TO secure by a
careful and not merely perfunctory edu-
cational test some intelligent capacity to
appreciate American institutions and act
sanely as American citizens. This would
not keep out all anarchists, for many of
them belong to the intelligent criminal
class, but ii would d o what is also in point
that is, tend to decrease the sum of ig-
norance so potent in producing the envy,
suspicion, malignant passion and hatred
OF order out Of which anarchistic senti-
ment Inevitably springs, Finally all per-
sons should he excluded who are below
certain standard OF economic fitness to
enter our Industrial field as competitors
with American labor. There should be
proper proof OF personal capacity to earn
an American living and enough money to
insure decent start under American con
diIions, This would step the influx of cheap
labor and the resulting composition which
gives rise TO so much of bitterness in
American Industrial life. and il would dry
up the springs of the pestilential social
consdltions IN our great cities where an
archlstlc organizations have their great
est possibility Of growth"
The Tariff.
The president does not desire any change
In the present tariff schedule except where
such may be made in reciprocity treaties
ana recommends the adoption of reciproc-
lty treaties and the general policy of reci-
procity as means of opening the doors of
Foreign nations to our commerce, in which
connection he says:
Every application of our tariff policy to
meet our shifting national needs must be
conditioned upon the cardinal fact that the
duties must never be reduced below the
point that will cover the difference between
the labor cost here and abroad. The well
being of the wageworker is prime consid-
legislation.
"Subject to this proviso of the proper
protection necessary to our industrial
well being at home the principle of reci-
procity must command our hearty sup
port The phenomenal growth of our
export trade emphasizes the urgency OF
the need for wider markets and for a lib
eral policy in dealing with foreign ma
tons. Whatever is merely petty and vex-
should be avoided The customers to
whom we dispose of our surplus products
In the long run directly or indirectly pur-
chase those surplus products by giving us
something in return. Their ability to pur-
chase our products should as far as pos
sible be secured by so arranging our tar
lift as to enable us to take from them
those products which we can use without
harm to our own industries and labor or
the use OF which will be of marked benefit
to us.
1.-THE natural line of development for a
policy of reciprocity will be In connection
with those of our productions which no
longer require all of the support once
needed to establish them upon a sound
basis, and with those Others where either
because of natural or of economic causes
we are beyond the reach OF successful
competition.
II ask the attention Of the senate to the
reciprocity treaties laid before 1t by my
predecessor"
The Merchant Marine.
The president pronounces our merchant
marine "dscredltable to us as nation and |
Insignificant to that Of other nations which |
we overtop In other forms of business,
and says We SHOULD not longer submit to |
conditions Under which only a triflng por-
ton of our great commerce Is carried In |
our own ships, OF this he says
ITO remedy this state Of things would not |
merely serve to build up our shipping in |
terests, but 1t would also result in benefit |
to all who are Interested In the perma- |
American products ard would provide an |
auxiliary force for the ravy. Ships work I
for their own countries Just as railroads |
work for their terminal points. Shipping |
lines, If established to the principal coun-
tries with which we have dealings, would |
be of political as well as commercial ben
eft. From every standpoint II Is unwise
for the United States 10 continue to rely |
upon the ships of competing nations for the
OF OH. goods. 1t should be
made .adyantagenus 70 carry. American
goods in American built ships"
His recommendation on this subject is
only that 'our government should take
such action as will remedy these inequali-
ties. The American merchant marine
should be restored TO the ocean,"
Finances.
Under this heading the president recon-
mends such legislation as will better safe
guard against the deranglng influences of
commercial crises and financial panics and
such as will make the currency of tho
country more responsive TO the demands
Of domestic trade and commerce.
He points out the tact that the receipts
from duties on imports and internal taxes
exceed the eXpeHC lures of the govern
ment, but counselS against reducing the
revenues So that there Will be the posi-
9ility Of 4 deficit.
But after providing against any such
means should be adopted
which will bring the revenues more nearly
within the limit of our actual needs"
He urges the necessity for strict economy
n expenditures, but that 'our national
needs forbid us to be niggardly in the mat
er of providing whatever Is actually nee
sssary to our well-being."
Interstate Commerce.
He points to defects in the interstate
commerce law, and recommends amend
nents to correct them, in which connection
ie says:
Those who complain of the management
u the railways allege that established
ates are not maintained, that re-
'ates and similar devices are habitually
escorted to, that these preferences are
Usually in favor of the large shipper, that |
hey drive out of business the smaller
competitor, that while many rates are too
ow many others are excessive and that
ross preferences are made affecting both
ocalities and commodities. Upon the 9TH
II hand, the railways assert that the law
~ its very terms tends to produce many
II these illegal practices by depriving car
iers of that right of concerted action
which they claim is necessary to estab- ,
ish and maintain nondiscriminating rates.
THE act should be amended. The rail-
way Is a public servant. Its rates should
e lust to and open to all shippers alike.
The government should see to II that !