davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1901-07-10
f III. M,FARLAND.

NHILEAGE BOOKS on all principal roads
Wk sold, rented or exchanged. Call on or
address f. ii, MCFARLAND,
Hotel Phoenix. HYDE PARK, VT
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1901-07-10

DRACTICAL UNDERTAKEN AND FU-
4 neral director. Embalming a specially.
MoRRIsvILLE, vt,
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-04-09

Consul Hossfeld of Trieste, after an
nouncing that cheap lamps could be
sold in Southern Austria to great adj
vantage if American manufacturers
would initiate the tactics of Viennese
lamp makers and open stores of their
own, continues his report as follows:
mo native can sell American wares
in a foreign country as successfully as
an American who is familiar with the
language and customs of the country.
This has in recent years been demon
strated in every large city of Europe.
The American knows what most re-
tailers in Southern Europe, at least
still have to learn, viz: how to ad
vertise, how to display goods, how to
meet competition, how to crafty and
at the same time to educate the popu-
lar taste, and, above all, he knows
how to hustle 1t is, moreover, diff
ficult to induce a native retailer to
buy foreign wares as long as their
sale is still in the tentative stage"
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-04-09
JAPANESE PAPER PLANTS.

1t is said that the introduction Of
European methods of manufacture
threatens to destroy the distinctive
qualities of Japanese paper. 1t is a
wood or bark paper, made from sew
eral plants. having no English names,
which are cultivated for the purpose.
In Japan its varieties are numerous
and its uses innumerable. 1t serves
for window lights, and for light par
titions between rooms. Brilliantly col
ored lanterns are made Of it, and UNI
brellas are covered with it. 1t is used
for printing bank-notes. Oiled, it
makes waterproof garments, and COW
cred with paste it forms tapestries.
When vanished it can be made to i'm
itate Cordovan leather. Handkerchiefs.
cords and pressed articles resembling
papier-mache are among the things
formed from this most useful paper.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-04-09
UNDERGROUND CHAMPAGNE.

Visitors to France may go out of
their way to gaze upon the quaint
architecture and crumbling houses of
Epernay, or the Roman antiquities and
grand old cathedral of Rheims, but the
real towns of Champagne are to be
looked for underground. These are
the bustling, busy places where the
business of Champagne is carried ON.
They are of vast extent. American and
British workingmen would probably
not trouble themselves to obtain en-
ployment in underground Champagne.
Day after day the work-people leave
the outer world for eleven and twelve
hours at time to discharge duties
which, IL not particularly arduous,
must be wearisome by reason Of their
monotony. An intelligent Frenchman
assured a writer in the Royal Maya
zine that he had worked below ground
for nearly forty-five years. His duties
consisted in shaking bottles to dis
lodge the sediment He said that he
had shaken fifty-five bottles a minute
during each working day of twelve
hours for these forty-five years, and
then asked the writer to calculate how
many bottles he had shaken 1t is no
great wonder that after a moments
consideration the visitor took to his
heels. Underground Champagne has a
reputation for producing good wines,
but according to the writer the bust
ness tends to sour the dispositions of
the workers. He found most of them
taciturn not to say misanthropical. In
one cellar at Epernay he came across
an old man who assured him that the
place was filed with ghosts and COB
Inns.
1t is hard to realize that underneath
the primitive villages where the vine
yards grow there are springing up
subterranean cities of great import
ance, but this is the case. Men must
search below, and not above, ground
II hey would understand the life of
the people of Champagne.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-04-09
TREATMENT OF CoRNs.

A corn is an overgrowth of the horny
layer of some portion of the skin of
the foot, induced by friction or undue
pressure in one spot by the shoe. 1t
is situated generally on a prominent
portion of one of the toes, more COM
monty the little toe but may be on the
sole of the foot or even on the ankle
bone. 1t begins by an increase In size
of the papillae in the deeper part of
the skin, and this induces an increase
in the production of the scarf-skin, or
horny layer. The scarf-skin soon be-
comes inordinately thick, and, the
pressure from the shoe continuing, Is
pushed back against the enlarged pa
pillae, causing their final atrophy.
This formation of corn affords a
curious illustration Of the defeat of
natures well-meant efforts to prevent
trouble; for the increased thickness of
the horny layer is intended to afford
protection to the enlarged and tender
papillae, purpose which would be
well accomplished did the process stop
there. But the friction by the shoe
keeps up the irritation, and more and
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-04-09
GATHERING GRAPES.

ing away at huge tubs. The wine
presses were being scrubbed with will
and having their joints and screws or
dered. The whole available population
had turned out into the vineyards to
pick, and at every turn of the road
one met carts piled high with grapes,
and drawn by teams of patient oxen
with satin hides and enormous won
dering eyes and curly formidable horns
that set one marveling how they
should bear the yoke so tamely. Not
a hillside but has its terrace of vines,
not a cottage without its pergola, not
a garden that lacks its burden of grape
bearing, not a foot OF space that can
be cultivated from which the bounty
of Nature has not brought forth a
gift to add to this plenteous harvest
ing. The very railway stations are
festooned with gracious trails, and
amid the LEAKAGE can be spied the ripe
punches that are to furnish afresh the
station masters cellar. And with all
this profusion of the soil there is a
pleasant carelessness on mans part
that to a northern eye has a special
charm. Man seems to vie with nature
in open-handedness and generosity.
In the Vineyards.
The vines are trellised even along
the open road, and the purple clusters
with their delicate bloom, the breath
of autumn upon them, hang within
reach of any hand that should think
it worth while to pluck them. 1t is
their very profusion that keep them
safe. After all, if a few punches are
picked, what matter 1T is but a
spoonful out of the sea-" This is, at
any rate, the view of a peasant propri-
etor who is working in the midst of
his grape-pickers, a laughing band of
peasant girls, and who invites passers-
by with a grace of manner that would
do credit to an archduke, to enter and
help themselves. The pickers are more
interesting than the grapes, but the
informal guests take handful, and de-
licious they are, warm with the sun,
and ripened in the soft air to an ex-
quisite delicacy Of flavor. Still, as 1t
happens, their aim is not the satisfac-
ton of their palates. Would it incom-
mode the signorine if their pictures
were made? So far from incommod-
ing. 1t would delight the signorine be-
yond everything. Then might one pre-
sumo so far as to ask the signor to in
vite the signorine to stand with their
baskets--sol and next, scissors in
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-04-09
IMPROVED POSTAL SERVICE.

Auf ENOfED fOGlAA bEhflCEs
The main improvement in the postal
service of this and other countries for
some time past has been along the lire
Of increased rapidity, of collection and
distribution of mail matter, and in all
the larger cities wagons have been
utilized in taking UP the mail from
the collection boxes. But heretofore
no thought seems to have been given
to an improved box which would al
low the collector to make his tour
without leaving the wagon, it hav-
ing been considered a sufficient i'm
provement of the service to provide
rapid transportation between boxes an
Indiana inventor has now invented a
box which makes it unnecessary for
the driver to leave his seat during his
entire round of collection. AS will be
seen by glance at the above illustra-
ton, the box is mounted on a pivoted
sliding bar, while the collector is pro-
vided with a hook, with which he en-
cages the box, pulling it within easy
reach and allowing him to extract the
contents, after which the box is pushed
back to its normal position in contact
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-04-09
THE SALT LAKE OF LARNARoA,

In the island of Cyprus is basin
cut of from the sea, although sunk
slightly below sea-level, which con-
tains a salt lake from which consid-
cradle harvest of salt is annually OBJ
tanned in August, when the fierce
summer heat dries up the water. Mr..
c.. v. Bellamy. who recently visited the
lake called Larnarca, thinks sea-wa-
ter percolates through the rocks into
the basin. thus supplying the salt. A
single heavy rain in midsummer has
sometimes sufiieed to ruin the salt
crop, and the Cyprians, in order to
protect the valuable lake as much as
possible, have constructed channels to
carry off the food water of rains from
the slopes of the basin into the sea.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-04-09

A curious society exists in the town
of Bradford England. Its name is the
Seven Days Rest Association. 1t is
composed of men who make it rule
to do no work, and yet they are held
in the greatest esteem by all. They are
men who. born in humble life. have
by steady labor saved a modest COM
petence. Now they spend the evening
of their days in the parks and other
places of rest far from the roar of tho
forge and loom, with which their early
life was associated. Nor are the en-
joyments of the Seven Days Rest AS
ISOLATION, as they are styled, entirely
selfish. At their second annual dinner
just held they entertained some of the
comrades of their youth who had fall
ed to attain so satisfactory share Of
the worlds goods. combining a quiet
self-gratulation on their own secure
position with a kind and CHEEKY hos
pitality to these less fortunate hreth-
rem.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-04-09
THE WRONG BOTTLE.
Why One Young woman's Hands Are
Blistered.

BIsrer9Os
Grace is afflicted with a sensitive
skin, and when cold weather arrives
uses up more bottles of soothing lotion
for her poor, chapped hands than
would stock a small shop. The last
thing before she goes to sleep she cod
dies her white digits with a liberal
dose of the liquid that best suits them
She did this the other night, and as
she rubbed it in" observed that 1t
took long time to dry. Finally she
gave it up. She had a most uncom-
Portable night Whenever she moved,
the sheets stuck to her hands, and she
fought them of much after the fashion
of a cat standing on four pieces of
sticky fly paper Once her hair got
tangled around her left hand, and it
nearly came out by the roots before
she loosened it. This thoroughly
awoke her, and she got up and lit
the gas. She had the most remarkable
looking pair of hands in Cook county.
This was not altogether surprising,
when she found she had used the bot
tie of furniture polish for a lotion.
And, not content to let bad state of
affairs alone, she put on kerosene to
take off the polish. The kerosene has
blistered both hands to lobster hue,
and she has three card parties on
hand, and is going to act as bridesmaid
within a week.-Chicago News.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-04-09

The Michigan forestry commission
recently held meeting, attended by
Mr.. Skeels, land agent for the state
board of agriculture. He submitted the
following estimates of lands available
for forestry purposes: The state has
about 100000 acres of land that has
reverted through delinquent taxes and
about 100000 acres of tax homestead
lands. About rs per cent of these lands
were originally covered with a second
growth of timber. There are 1000, 900
acres of what are known as jack pine
plains in Michigan, the timber varying
with the nature of the SOIL On the
poorer soil these pines are scrubby and
of little value. The stronger lands
bear some black Norways that are val
liable, and also some scattering white
pines, but the latter are of the buck
wheat" variety and do not have long,
clean bodies. 1t has been determined
that the character of the timber on the
pine plains does not depend es much
ON the soil as it does on the accident OF
seed distribution.
The study of agriculture is to be in
troduced into the Minneapolis schools
IL the plans of several members of the
board of education prevail. The work
is to be conducted under special SUI
pervisior of teachers skilled In educat'
ing children in the art of filling tina
soil. The study will be pursued in the
summer months only.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-04-09
c,,,,.,,o nrodlfcation of Plants.

No have previously referred to the
Aosirability of having plants that are
ohIe To withstand higher or lower
tomnerature than usually supposed
nnssible for any particular variety we
Low cultivate. We have, as people,
long labored under the delusion that
4ho habitat of plants is fixed so far as
4nair mower to withstand adverse eli
-rotic conditions IS concerned. In me
1ig.t Of recent experiments, however,
,ye are coming to believe that even our
most serviceable plants may be modi-
fe. by proper handling so they will
ultimately be of great service in tenn
neratr,res and conditions not now
adanted to them. We have an alfalfa
today that will not stand severe con-
sxion of cold. Recently there has been
i,unorted from Northern Asia an alfal-
IA that can stand up to 40 degrees OF
cold. Without doubt both plants de-
yeloped from the same prehistoric
parent and formed characteristics ac-
csrding to their conditions.
That this modification, however,
need not cover centuries of time is per-
haps quite clearly demonstrated by
some experiments that have been car
ried on for ten or fifteen years In
Switzerland. 1t was determined to
learn if possible If the plants growing
in the Swiss valleys could be made to
develop and grow on the cold noun
tains, and, if SO, what the modifica-
lions of the plants would be. Thirty
five orders of plants, represented by
about 80 genera and 120 species, were
subjected to the conditions of the ex-
pertinent. The plan was to divide the
plant in the same kind of soil, and ex-
pose them to the conditions found al
various stations upon the Alps and
Pyranee mountains. Such changes as
were noted were attributed to more
intense light, drier atmosphere and
lower temperatures.
Inese plants were found to be modi-
fed both in form and structure in the
course Of few years. Under the eff
feet Of the mountain conditions the
underground portions of the plants be-
came relatively better developed than
the parts above the ground. The stems
above the ground in a few years de-
veloped a tendency to hairy growth
and to lie close to the ground as if tc
escape the cold blasts. They became
more spreading and the internodes be-
came shorter. The stems became thick
er, which evidently made it easier fol
them to withstand conditions of cold.
On the plants Of a woody nature the
bark became thicker. The leaves be-
came smaller and more hairy, and took
on hue of deeper green. On the 9th
er hand the flowers became relatively
larger and more highly colored. Per
haps one Of the most interesting facts
brought out was that if a liant that
had been modified by several ears ex-
posure on the mountains were taken
again to the plains, it would lose its
notifications in the same period Of
time it had taken to acquire them.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-04-09

more OF the horny covering Is manu-
featured, until, instead of affording
protection, it is actually the cause Of
all the pain After a time the spot.
where the corn is seems to acquire a
bad habit, and the formation of the
corn will go on even after the offend
ing shoe has been discarded. The first
thing to do for a corn is to get new
shoes that are SO snug as not to rub
the foot anywhere, and so loose as
not to make pressure in one spot more
than in another. The top of the corn
may be pared with a sharp knife, ex-
IRENE care being taken-especially in
the case Of the aged-not to cut the
sound skin; or 1t may be filed down to
the level Of the surrounding skin; or
the entire corn may sometimes be
loosened with dull knife-blade or
by the fngernail, and extracted from
its bed. When this cannot be done,
removal may be facilitated by moist
ening the corn every other day with
glacial acetic acid. the softened part
being subsequently scraped away with
dull knife or a small file. salve
containing salicycle acid, applied every
night, will also frequently loosen the
corn SO that it can be pulled out. This
is the basis of many of the popular
corn plasters. A soft corn, which is
merely corn that is always moist on
account of its location on the inner
surface of one of the toes. should be
treated by keeping piece of absorbent
cotton between the toes so as to pre-
vent masceration, and by bathing IL
frequently with strong alum water.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-04-09
IT FACILITATES REmAn1Na.

New York City genius has de-
signed an envelope which will be of
value in the distribution of circulars
and other printed matter, which the
original sender is DESTROYS of spread
ing over a wide field. When sending
out the envelope for the first time the
single address at the top may be writ
ten by the sender, relying upon the re-
ceiver to address it to one of his
friends, or the entire space for names
and addresses may be filled up by the
original sender. In the former case
each receiver is more than liable to
send the envelope to a personal friend,
especially If he considers the contents
worth reading. To protect the stamps
from cancellation a strip of perforated
paper covers each stamp after Il Ia
fixed in place by the sender, each re-
ceiver detaching this strip from one
stamp, which pays the postage to the
next reader of the contents. Explicit
directions are printed on each envelope
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-04-09

H.. 49, AhohuldcLurerB or MH
uus'-spraying machines claim complete
success Tor them. We can bat hone
tnat their claims are true. but will wall
TOT impartial proof before nassing an
their favor. A-'
British Criticism on war Eor.es
James r. Bowman, writing in the
North British Agriculturist on IRE
mounts for the Army" says: "As 1
am frequently asked as co the best nos
slDle manner of breeding horses for
tne army, had better reply in a short
letter to your valuable paper. Good
English saddle horses are best pro-
auced by half-bred stallion. rather
tall, with a comedy and outswelling
forehead. His eyes should be bright
and sparkling, neck well turned. and
Issuing high out of his breast. with
deep shoulders, broad breast long.
muscular arm, and short shank. back
snort, and ribbed home. girth large.
and his belly round; his headquarters
should be bold and muscular, and not
100 long in the thigh and leg; he
should go light, and his knee should
De well elevated and advanced during
the trot.
The progeny of such is excellently
adapted either for road, saddle. or war.
AS 10 brood mares, it should be remem-
Dered that the size of the foal depends
more upon the strength and vigor of
the dams constitution than the dimen-
sions of her middle-piece. Very old
mares are not so fit for breeding as
young ones; and besides, from the de-
cay OF their teeth, they do not Craze
well, and artificial food cannot supply
the foal with nutrition like what is de-
rived from natural resources.
NOW, the progeny Of this class of
horses are not the man-traps like those
things which were bought in Cumber-
land for military purposes in South
Africa-whatever came of them-for
they were only death-traps for our
troopers. Nor is this class of horses
like the understood weak horses that
were admitted into our regiments of
light dragons, which rendered them
unable at the battle of Waterloo to
withstand the charge of the French
cavalry.
But breeders generally put their
mares to some Informed thoroughbred
stallion, which possesses no recon-
mendation but pedigree, or perhaps
the winning of some sweepstake made
for the purpose. Many of these are
badly formed in their legs, and show
evident signs Of bad action by the
scars on their fetlock joints, occa-
stoned by their striking one leg against
the other.
But the comparatively low price
given for a good road horse has, no
doubt, contributed to discourage the
Improvements in this invaluable breed
therefore the government should take
it in hand, as it is an object of great
national Importance, as it affects both
internal intercourse and external de-
Tense. Now, a good horse is as easy
to keep as bad one; and l cannot
see why there is bad one in the best
horse-breeding country in the world,
for English-bred horses are the finest
and the best the world can produce.
TIA.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-04-09

for the guidance of the person receiv-
ing it, and with the use of the device it
is possible to disseminate through a
number of hands a single circular.
with the added advantage that every
remailing brings the contents to the
notice of some friend of the last read
er, whom the latter believes from a
personal acquaintance would be inter
ested in the matter.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-04-09
- chlldren swallow Metal Dogs.

Within a short time two children in
Indianapolis, the Press of that city an
nounoes, have had to undergo surgi-
cal operations for the removal from
their threats of tiny metal dogs that
are sold with pieces of candy. They
are somewhat in the fashion of tobac-
60 tags, and children who buy the
candy put them in their mouths
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1901-04-09

with the vertical post The inven-
ton should prove especially advant-
ageous in the establishment of the free
rural delivery system, boxes of small
er size being provided for this pur-
pose. By driving close to the box with
the wagon the contents may be ex-
tracted without exposure to rain or
snow, and this also enables the driver
to perform his duties without exposing
himself to the storm.