Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1901-09-07

and there. in place where there was
no malaria, they were allowed to bite
person who had never had malaria.
and transmitted what the physicians
called beautiful case" of double ter.
tian malaria.
But II has been in her several scien.
tiic expeditions to the west coast OF
Africa that England has done her best
work. Well equipped expeditions have
been sent out under the auspices of tho
Royal Academy, of the London School
OF Tropical Medicine. and of the Liver
pool School of Tropical Medicine. They
have studied with great care the con.
iitions under which the malarial mos
quitoes of the genus Anopheles breed:
they have displayed the habits of these
insects in the fullest manner: they
have studied malaria as IL exists In the
natives: they have mapped for many
settlements the exact spots in which
Anopheles breed: they have expert
mented with different measures for de-
nnt stages. and they have brought
about results which are Of the great
st practical value to the whole world.
: he expedition of the Liverpool school
which spent the entire summer of 1900
In Nigeria, was especially productive
in results. and its report, published In
March of the present year lays down a
definite course of action for Europeans
resident In West Africa by which II
seems certain that the dreaded African
fevers may practically be avoided.
One Of the most interesting features Is
erican physician. Dr. A. +. King OF
that the habitations of Europeans must
be segregated from those Of the natives
but eventually In many places. by
means OF exterminating work against
the mosquitoes. the natives themselves
win be protected to such an extent
that their habitations will no longer be
the menace that they are at present.
American Investigations.
Some of the important work upon
malaria has also been done in America.
We must not lose sight of the fact that
the first strong rational paper arguing
In favor Of the carriage Of this disease
by mosquitoes was written by an Am.
erican physician. DR.. A. +. Kinf, of
Washington, ID. c. in 1882. Nor must
the important discovery by w. G. Mac.
Callum, Of Johns Hopkins University
In 1897, of the sexual generation OF
discovery contributed greatly to the
complete knowledge of the full life his.
tory OF this group of heterogeneous
A few beautiful and practical demon.
: 1trat!on Of the comparative ease with
which a so-called malarial epidemic
can be stopped by practical anti-mos.
: quito work nave been carried out by
Americans. One of the most perfectly
convincing ones which have been plac.
ed upon record was described by DR..
". y. Berkeley. of New York city. In
The Medical Record of January 20, 1901.
! This case occurred in small town
J near New York city. in the summer OF
, 1900. 1t was place where malaria
was not known, but Anopheles bred
there, and when malarial patient
! came the disease was rapidly trans
, nitted by these mosquitoes to many
people In the vicinity. Under DR.. Ber-
} keley's direction, the mosquitoes in the
] houses were eXterminated; screens
! we're placed in the windows and doors
, the smaller breeding places Of the mos.
Guitoes were filled in and the larger
! cnes were drained; every malarial pa.
! tient was secluded by netting from
, the bites of mosquitoes, and the spread
\ OF the disease was instantly stopped
, Not single new case OF malaria de-
| geloped. Anopheles disappeared en-.
.lrely from the houses.
Yellow Fever Mosquitoes.
The most striking work done by Am
orleans. however, In connection with
the spread OF disease by mosquitoes
has not been upon malaria. but upon
yellow fever The actual and conclu-
sive demonstration by the army yellow
: fever commission, Of which DR.. Walter
Reed is president, will rank forever as
one Of the most beneficial in medical
science.
6acilli Theory Exploded.
The cause Of yellow fever has al,
ways been a mystery; and, indeed, 1t is
: a mystery today in measure, since
although undoubtedly a disease of pa.
rasitic origin, the parasitic organism