davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1901-10-17
TEeMs.J Shopper year, in advance
Six Months 80 cents.

cause to complain. But she did neither,
but stood dumbfoundeI Quickly
recovering myself, however, l apollo
gized and explained that l suffered
occasionally from attacks of mental
alteration, and soothed her fright by
telling her that 1 was lately released
from an asylum, but was all right now,
and seizing the bird cage started for
the Baker Hotel with the old lady
timidly following. Never again will L
tell the truth. It leads one into all
sorts of trouble. Never again, if I
never see thread of that soft lined
overcoat of which the north winds
hitting me in the back so constantly
remind me! The ethics of it may still
be a debatable question, but for my
part am decided that under certain
circumstances a man is justified in
lying, provided he does it soundly.
d.
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1901-10-17
WAR AND
CIVILIZATION.

by the picture before him. He sees
two armies engaged in a death struggle;
the din is terrific, clouds of smoke
overhang the field of carnage, the dead
lie everywhere, the wounded moan in
their distress and the living and able
are doing their best to add to the
slaughter. Spellbound, the Marian
gazes upon the drama; never before
has he seen anything to compare with
its horror. Finally he leaves the scene
in disgust; he has been appalled, by the
ruthless disregard for human life. His
first thought is to leave the planet
where such dire tragedies are wrought,
but he resolves not to judge too hastily,
so he sets out upon tour of the
world.
He visits the large cities, sees much
that is good and great deal that is
bad in them; he finds that while few
live in luxury the majority are in sore
need of the very necessities of life.
He learns that the greater the nation
the more men it hires, supports and
trains in the art of killing other men,
He also finds that the nations which
are the most civilized have the most
improved machines for destroying life
and property.
What curious opinion such a
traveller would form of people who
build costly edifices in which to worship
God, and keep ready at hand thousands
of men and countless machines for no
other purpose than to destroy the lives
of their fellow men! And when he
studied the word Of God and learned
that the men of the world he sojourned
in reverenced the Son Of that God
whose message is peace, would not the
man from Mars be greatly puzzled at
such an inconsistent people?
PENDENNIS.
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1901-10-17
ORKNEY LULLABY.

A mOOnbeam flOateth from the skies,
Whispering, "Heigho, my dearie!
would spin web before your eyes,
A beautiful web of silver light.
Wherein is many a wOnderOus sight
OF radiant garden leagues away,
Where the softly tinkling lilies sway.
And the snow. white lambkins are at play
HeighO, my dearie!''
A brownie stealeth from the vine
Singing, ''HeighO, my dearie!
And you will hear this song of mine,-
A song of the land of murk and mist
Where bideth the bud the dew hath kisst?
Then let the mOonbeam's web of light
Be spun before thee silvery white,
And shall sing the livelong night
HeighO, my dearie!"
The nightwind speedeth from the sea,
Murmuring, 'HeighO, my dearie!
bring mariners prayer for thee;
SO let the mOOnbeam veil thine eyes,
And the brownie sing thee lulabies;
But shall rock thee to and fro,
And the prayer shall guard thy bed, trow-
HeighO, my dearie.''
Eugene Field
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1901-10-17
Bismarck.

TIME greatest statesman of his
time, and it is doubtful if
Germany will ever produce
|, his equal again! He stands
foremost among the great men of his
age; Gladstone was not his equal,
neither was our own statesman, Blaine.
Alone he stands among the great men
of his century, an heroic figure on the
page of history-grand and colossal.
When he entered public life he found
his country dismembered into small
states. He gathered these fragments
of a disrupted monarchy together and
made them a united whole-a power
among the great nations of the world.
Whatever prestige Germany enjoys
today she owes to the genius of Bis
marck.
It has been said that Bismarck was
ambitious. His only ambition was to
serve his country, and if his genius
gained him honor and power in it's
service, they were his just reward for
faithful service. His ancestors were
fighting men and he inherited his iron
will and strength of principle from
them. He has been called the man of
blood and iron. These strenuous
elements were born in him. they were
part of his nature. And if he was
harsh at times in dealing with an
opponent, he was true to his friends,
his king and country always, and what
more can we say of q man than that
he was true friend, a faithful husband
and loyal subject of bis king?
49, 6. w..
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1901-10-17
ME food which we have traced
in former papers is now ready
to nourish the body. That


to nourish the body. That
which was unfit for noursh-
ment has by this time been discarded
and only that which is good remains.
The blood may be likened to river
which bears to the inhabitants along
its banks their daily food, and into
which at the same time their waste is
discharged and carried 70 the sea
Blood carries to the tissues of the body
the materials which they need for their
nourishment, carries away the waste
product and delivers it to the organs
whose duty it is to eliminate it. Altho
everyone says that in color blood is red,
this varies. Thus, venous blood is
bluish-red or reddish-black, while
arterial blood is a bright crimson.
Blood has an odor, generally very slight,
but can be brought out by the addition
of sulphuric acid. The salt which was
mentioned elsewhere can be tasted in
the blood.
The amount of blood in the human
adult is about One-thirteenth of his
weight-some authorities state one
eighth. 1t is distributed as follows:
In the heart, lungs, and great blood
vessels, one-fourth, in the ske1etal
muscles, muscles connected with the
skeleton) one-fourth; in the liver one
fourth, and in the rest of the body one.
fourth.
Blood observed by the naked eye
appears to be thick reddish liquid,
but under the microscope it appears as
fluid or liquid called "plasma" in
which are suspended bodies called
"corpuscles." These are of three
kinds, but We will consider but two.
Those called "red corpuscles" are
circular, bi-concave disks and in one
millimetre Q-25 of an lnch) of the
blood of male adult has been reckoned
at five million; in the blood of female
there are four and one-half million.
A single corpuscle is of yellowish
amber color, the red color only appear
ing when the corpuscles are in layers
or masses. Their function is to carry
oxygen to the tissues-the blood can
absorb at least ten times more oxygen
than water. The white corpuscles are
said to compare to the red from one to
$50 or one to ESQ, but it is impossible to
determine their ratio with accuracy.
Little is known regarding their
function.
When blood is withdrawn from the
circulation it undergoes coagulation,
producing what is called clot and
from which is expressed fluid called
the "serum." When the blood is with
drawn from a vessel it is fluid, but in
two or three minutes time its fluidity
is so much diminished that it will not
flow: this consistency increases until it
resembles current jelly. Coagulation
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1901-10-17
The Ethics of Truthful
Answers.

NDOU BTEDLY the most elO-
quent and appealing words
~ of mortal man are, "Come and
have something" How often
do we, in reply to this seductive request,
simply say ''cert,' or "sure," instead of
looking the matter squarely in the face
under the light of the science of ethics,
and instead of making one of the above
mentioned answers, observe quietly
after several moments of calm deliber-
alton: "My friend l am touched by
your kindness and would gladly join
you, but if did so etiquette requires
that l should reciprocate, and do like
wise, for if l allow you to purchase the
flowing bowls the least l could do in
return would be to buy the cigars, and
at present l am just six bits shy of
redeeming my overcoat from the grasp
of shylock. So you see that while my
inclinations strongly tempt me toward
theinvigorating and temporary warmth
giving decoctiOns. by refusing your
invitation remain much closer to the
more satisfactory and substantial pro-
lection from the inclemencies of the
weather." But sad to relate, l made
none of the answers but only said:
"Lets go over to Barneys." purchased
the cigars and came out smoking, and
dollar short of recovering the long
unfelt Benjamin.
AS walked down the street turning
over in my mind this question of ethics
as it applied to making truthful
answers, [ found that 1 had some
trouble in separating these thoughts
from those of ways and means to re-
plenish my dilapidated excRequer.
But at last 1 came to the conclusion
that in future 1 would give strictly
truthful answers to all questions. l
had hardly made this resolve when a
gentleman stepped out of hallway
with package in his hand and said to
me, Excuse me, but do you know
where the Adams Express Co.'s Office
is?" EYES," said l, and walked on.
had only gone little way when the
thought occurred to me that tho I had
been strictly truthful had been rude.
Thinking of the matter 1 turned and
saw the gentleman still standing where
l had left him. l retraced my steps
and said, "Sir, did you wish to know
where the express Office is located p
He promptly answered, "NO," and /
went sadly OH my way.
Now I do know where the express
Office is, and told the truth about it,
yet neither of us are satisfied. When
he said he didn't want to know where
it was, think he lied, and at that be
had q shade the better of the encounter.
walked on as far as the corner,
puzziing over the ethical part Of this
problem, and stood waiting for car,
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1901-10-17
BLOOD AND RESPIRATORY ORGANS
Being one Of q series of brief sketches Of the
anatomatical construction and functions of
the human body.
SIXTH PAPER.

is diminished by cold, hence the use Of
hot water to stop bleeding, for when
the blood clots over a bleeding vessel
the bleeding ceases.
AS the blood carries oxygen to the
tissues and as oxygen is absolutely
essential to life, let us see where the
| blood procures this necessary in
gredient. This brings US to the act of
| breathing or respiration. The respira-
tory apparatus consist of the nose,
larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes,
lungs and thorax. The nose is the
beginning of the air passages, for altho
it is regarded by many as the organ of
smell only, it has another important
function as we'll. The proper channel
for the admission of air is the nose,
and the use of the mouth for this
purpose is not physiological. Man is
the only animal who breaths through
his mouth. Mouth breathing is per-
nicious habit as far as health is con-
cerned. If this is due simply to habit
it may be overcome, but if it be due to
diseased condition of the nose, relief
can only be secured by surgical means.
The function of the nose in respiration
is to warm the air and to filter out from
it the dust and other extraneous matter
which would otherwise enter the air
passages and cause irritation.
The trachia, or windpipe, is a tube
about lis en-. in length and extends
from the larynx to the bronchi, where
| it is divided. The brOnchi are two in
number, the right bronchus going to the
right lung and the left bronchus to the
left lung. Each bronchus as it enters
the lungs divides, the branches which
result from this division again divide,
and so on until the last subdivision is
reached which passes into lObule or
small rounded portion of the lung,
made up of air cells. The walls of the
air cells are made up of elastic tissue
and in them are the small blood vessels.
The thorax is the cavity in which the
lungs are situated. 1t is composed Of
the vertebral column, the ribs, the
sternum, (breastbone) the diaphragm,
and various muscles. Respiratory
movements are of two kinds, inspira-
tory and expiratory. At the beginning
of an ordinary inspiration the lungs
contain $3.50 &C. of air; this air is of
less density than the external air, and
Immediately there is flow of external
air into these passages to establish an
equilibrium; this flow constitutes Gin
spiration." The amount of air which
thus flows is ordinarily 500 &C. At the
end of an ordinary expiration there
remains in the lungs upward of 5000 C.
of air. By forced expiration 1910 &C.
of air may be expelled; this is the
reserve air, but there still remains
1910 &C. of residual" air which cannot
be expelled, no matter how great the
effort, but person may after breathing
the 500 &C. of air by forced inspiration
take in about 1900 c., of air. In
new born child the number of res
pirations per minute is forty-four; at
five years of age, twenty-six; at twenty
years, twenty, and. at thirty, sixteen.
This is an average, but should the res
pirations be counted during sleep, they
would be one or two less per minute.
| Clinic.
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1901-10-17
\IVILIZATION is but a thin
veneer that covers the surface
4 of our rough nature with a


" of our rough nature with a
pleasing exterior. Underneath
its polish turks the viciOusness of bar
barism ready to assert itself at the least
provocation. War is the unavoidable
result of the spirit of combativeness
which lies so deeply ingrained in human
character that art, civilization and
culture cannot eradicate it. So we find
that nations are handicapped by this
besetting sin of their individual COM
pOnents in their efforts to secure
peaceful method whereby to settle their
differences.
When the powers met at the Hague
to discuss the feasibility of interna-
tional arbitration they knew nothing
of the tempest that was brewing in the
far east, so soon to wreck the
temple in which they placed their
goddess of peace. What contrast
between the meeting of the representa-
tives of the great nations at the Hague
and the gathering of the soldiers OF
these same powers short while after
wards to chastise the Chinese. At the
Hague grave statesmen debated upon
the best means to secure international
peace. In China soldiers Of the powers
most prominent in the conference
solved the problem by crushing all the
martial spirit out OF the common
enemy.
War is not only barbarous but it
causes woeful waste of money that
would be of much benefit to the human
race When an individual invests his
money in an enterprise he expects
profitable return, but nation will
invest millions in munitions of war
and receive no profit by the expenditure.
1t is true that territory is often acquired
by the victors, yet [ have read no
record in history of a nation that
acquired dominion by conquest and
profited thereby.
A first class battleship costs over
three million dollars. This enormous
amount of money if expended for
public works, such as building good
roads, would pay for one million days
labor at three dollars a day. The
amount of good such large sum of
money would accomplish if expended
for public improvements is marvellous.
Think of the many hungry mouths this
money would provide with food and
the warm clothing it would buy for the
children that shiver through the winter
in the slums of the large cities. Work
ingmen receive some benefit from the
building of battleship, but few indeed
are those employed at the shipyards
where the vessels are constructed, in
comparison with the many whose
wants are great and yet who have no
share in money disbursed so lavishly
by the hand of the government.
To prove how absurd war is, we will
presume that the world is hOnored by q
visitor from the planet Mars. He
arrives upon this planet and is attracted
during his descent by great disturb
ance, which proves to be two armies
engaged in battle. We will presume
that aitho the Martian halls from q
planet named after the god of war he
knows nothing of its barbarous
practice. Let us further suppose that
the Martian understands the language
of the combatants.
The visitor from the other world
attracted by the noise draws near the
scene Of conflict and stands sbewiidered
The mirror. (Stillwater, Minn.) 1894-1925, 1901-10-17

Paper Read Before the Chd,ttduq,a Circle.
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1901-10-25
iugton, the noted Afro-American, at

ington, the noted Afro-Americap, at
the White House. In Booker Wash
ington, as a man aud the highest
type OF his race, the people of the
South have nothing to object, but on
the contrary are full of praise
for his indomitable will and courage
and his superior intellect. More than
all they have felt a kindly affection
for one who has surmounted great
obstacles and has possessed dis
cernment equalled by few, that has
made him a tutor of his race In
things spiritual and intellectual and
pointed to his race their true social
status. Recognized as possessing
these qualities Washington has dis
appointed thousands of his admirers
in allowing himself to assume q
position which be has long been
guarding against for his race. Roose.
velts assumption has been still
greater. 1t is undoubtedly due to a
laxness on the part of the average
Northerner to pay attention to social
amenities where social conditions
hardly enter into everyday life,
Knowing that the President is pos
sessed OF the sentiments of his envi.
comments few would have marveled
at the act of dining or entertaining
Washington in the capacity of q
private citizen, but when, as the
President of the United States, he
puts himself on a social footing
with one of the black race it is not
strange that an indignant protest
should go up from the whole South,
In this act he has said, practically,
that he recognizes the social equality
of the races in this country. And i,
Is this that the South will ever
protest against, having no less a pre-
cedent for it than in the whole line
of Presidents from Washington to
Mckinley, inclusive. In this ore
act the President has injured the
negro race more than he could ever
benefit it. In addition, he has
slapped in the face the South, which
of all sections was wanted to make
him feel that he was the President
of the whole country and which was
testifying to this feeling as fast as
human lips and the clink Of the
press could speak it.
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1901-10-25
HOPE, BUT MUST WORK.

From an article to be found else
where in our columns it will be seen
that the Chesapeake and Western
railroad, part of which is already
built west of Fredericksburg, will be
continued to that city and find a
deep water terminus somewhere
between the Potomac and York
rivers. The prospects for the COM
pletion of such road are very favor
able. The occasion. seems present
when our people of the Northern
Neck should bestir themselves and
make efforts to get the road built
between the Rappahannock and the
Potomac. We wish our friends on
the Southside no Ill luck, but we do
want these projectors to slight them
on this occasion. They will get one
little later on, maybe. On the
other hand if this road passes to
deep water through the counties of
the Southside the Northern Neck's
cherished dream will be long of
contamination.
There are some of our hustling
citizens who have been striving for
years to get a Northern Neck rail-
road, and their efforts have not
relaxed to this moment, but one or
two men cannot work as we'll as a
dozen, or a whole community. We
have prominent men in the Neck
whom We know would be pleased to
see railroad built here, but they
have ambitions aud aims that are
much weightier to them; hence they
do not move with the spirit and
zeal that they might. There are
Others, We are sorry to think, who
would retard any movement ON the
part of energetic men because of
petty jealousies and rivalries-poli.
teal more than anything else. Ii is
hard enough to accomplish great un-
dertakings unified, and how much
more SO when there are insidious jeal-
ousles to add to the handicap?
We wish our people could come to
a realization of these things, and,
instead of barking to every little
whipper-snapper call, demand of
their leaders that they put forth
some effort for the advancement of
their country's material interests.
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1901-10-25

Gen. James A. Walker, a distin-
guished officer of the Confederate
Army of Northern Virginia, died Sun
day in Wytheville. He was a soldier
by birth and training, and as the sue.
cessor of Gen. Jackson, by the latter's
selection, rs commander of the IA
nous "Stonewall Brigade" he added
to the glory and renown of that
dauntless branch Of the Confederate
army. Young Walker received his
military training under Jackson
at the Virginia Military Institute,
and while there became incensed and
challenged his instructor to duel.
The matter was settled, and ever
after the two were close friends.
When jackson received higher hon.
ors ne designated the gallant Walker
to lead his immortal command.
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1901-10-25
A HELPING HAND.

At the recent conference in Wash
ington of Underwriters and Insur-
ance men we are informed that a
gentleman who was familiar with
the workings of our home fire organi-
cation (The Northern Neck Mutua,
Fire Association, of Irvington)
brought its workings to the attention
of several of the leading insurance
men of this country. We are told
that they marvelled at the amount
OF business being done by a local
affair and at the wonderfully good
fortune which has attended it. A
request has been forwarded to the
officers here from one of the leaders
of the Underwriters Association for
further information and a full plan
of this home company's workings.
To say that this is gratifying is put.
ting it mildly. Organized a little
over five years ago this home enter
prize has grown and prospered to an
extent hardly dreamed of by its
originators. 1t is one of the MANY
enterprises that have, been built up
In this Northern Neck, and in time
1T will receive the united support of
the people of these four counties. we
verify believe. Thousands of dollars
are annually sent away from home
for the purposes of insurance which
might be kept here-right in the
pockets of the people themselves. and
not in the pockets of officials of the
company. Its origin was due to a |
desire to keep this money at home;
its continuance is for the same pur-
pose and as a matter of pride on the
part of the conductors of the insti.
tuition.
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1901-10-25
Big Mortgage for New Railroad.

A deed of trust has been filed il
the Rockingham's Clerks office from
the Chesapeake and Western Rail.
way to the Bowling Green Trust
Company, of New York, to secur.
the payment of $i,435, 900 in first
mortgage bonds to be issued by the
company.
The line mortgaged is described
as follows: In the instrument the
said railway company has, throug oh
It's Board of Directors, by virtue OF
the power in them vested, resolved
to locate, construct, equip and oper-
ate a railroad commencing at a
point to be hereafter settled on or
between the Potomac and York riy-
ers, or on York river, in the State of
Virginia. which is to proceed thence
IN a generally westerly direction to
Bridgewater, in the county of Rock
ingham, thence in a generally west
erly direction through the counties
of Rockingham, Augusta and High.
land to point on or near the West
Virginia line.