davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03
JAMES MADISON IN YOUTH.
Scotch Schoolmaster Named Donaldson
Gave Him His Start.


James Madison, fourth president Of
the United States, was born at Port
Conway, Va, March 16, 1851. His ia
Their was planter in moderate circum-
stances, and James was the eldest Of
a family of twelve. The boys first
education was received at a school
kept by worthy Scotchman, named
Donaldson. His progress was remark
able and encouraged his father to give
his son a college education. Young
Madison entered Princeton college and
was graduated in 1872, remaining q
year after to make study of Hebrew.
On his return home he devoted himself
to teaching his brothers and sisters,
all the time pushing his own studies.
In history and constitutional law he
was especially well versed, and these
requirements served him we'll in his
public career. Early in 1776 he was
appointed delegate to the state con-
vention which met in May, at Will
liamsburg. This conventions duty was
to instruct the Virginia delegation TO
the continental congress in regard to
the declaration of independence Three
years later young Madison was a dele
gate to congress, and from that time
he held many important public offices.
In 1909 he was elected president OF
the United States. He served during
one Of the most critical periods in the
history of the Countrywide the Sec
ond war with Great Britain was in
progress. At the close Of his second
term as chief executive Madison re-
tired to his estate at Montpelier, Va,
where he peacefully passed the last
twenty years of his life with his be-
loved books and friends. He died there
June %, 1886.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03
Bloomers for HouseWork.

A recent advocate of dress reform
for women says that her advice, If fol-
lowed, will rob house cleaning of much
Of it's horror. Boomers and blouses
are, she contends, the only rational
dress for a woman who intends to
tackle the housekeeping problem
Long swishing petticoats and feminine
fripperies have their time and place
but IL a woman wants to climb ladders
and wrestle with carpets and WELD
broom and dust cloth effectively, let
her take off her corsets and skirts and
don a bloomer costume Of washable
material. Denim, says the oracle,
makes serviceable and effective bloom
ers; and, If this material is too heavy
for a blouse, thinner material, har-
monizing in color with the denim, may
be used. The blouse should be finished
with a soft rolling collar, which will
leave the neck muscles free. 1t is adj
visable, too, to end the sleeves just be-
low the elbow with turned-back cuff,
SO that the wrists shall be left free.
This is also recommended as prac-
teal morning costume for servants
obliged to do rough work. One can
fancy a maid or mistress, trim, slen-
der and attractive, who would be joy
both to herself and to the beholder,
in the proposed working attire.-New
York Sun.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03
THE NEW ZEALAND SYSTEM.

Frank G. Carpenter, special corre-
spondent, was sent to New Zealand 10
investigate the land system of that
country. The idea was to write down
the single tax or the theories OF Hen
nv George as there applied. He went
prejudiced against the whole system
and with a determination to write 1t
down, but when he came to investigate
it he found that in its workings 1t Is
gradually making New Zealand land
of small farms. BY the present laws
no man who has more than $40 acres
of land can obtain any of the public
lands. The land officials will not grant
more than this amount, and they will
not give an applicant more than they
think he can develop and care for. The
government land agents examine all
the applicants, and those who pass
their examinations are allowed to bal
lot for the amount distributed. The
government in fact divides the land
more as a father among his children
than as land Spectator. Everything
is done to encourage small farmers.
The man whose income is less than
$500 a year goes scot free. paying no
taxes He whose farm is worth $500
likewise escapes, and If his estate is
worth $500 he pays taxes on only
$4,000 of its valuation. The rich man
pays increased taxes on his land, on
his income-on everything. For in
stance a man with $1,000 income would
pay 21s per cent on $4,000 less $1,000,
or sS7 income tax. II he has an in
come of $4,000 he would have to pay
five per cent on the extra $4,000 or
1887. But a big trust magnate or a
railroad king with $1,0O0,000 would
have to pay $4,000 year, while John
d. Rockefeller or Andrew Carnegie
would be obliged under the law to pay
half Of their income into the state, or
anywhere from 100000 to $4,000
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03

Tapestry of silk or imitation silk Is
the very latest wrinkle for wall cover
ing in very swell apartments. The ex-
pensive fad has been reached in easy
stages from modest wall paper.
First wall paper was designed to imi-
tate as nearly as possible the effects
in some of the old tapestries; then
fancy burlap and linen made to look
like tapestry replaced the paper; now
silk or one of the many limitations for
1t is used for the wall drapery.
1t is not likely to be generally used,
for the fad is too costly for most peo-
pie, but among those who can afford
the luxury of redecorating their apart
ments annually without regard to cost
the fancy for tapestried walls is gen.
eral and is being widely gratified.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03
BIGGEST SALVAGE RECORDED.
Saving s1,eSo,O0O In Gold from Steam
shiu ST. Paul.

ship st. Paul.
When the big American line steam
ship St. Paul ran aground in dense
fog on the Jersey beach, near the lower
end of Long Branch, before daylight
on January %, 1896, In the cargo was
s1,250,000 in gold, consigned to a firm
in New York. It was essential that
this should be landed. Arrangements
were made with the MerrittC Chapman
Wrecking company to have the strand
ed liner hauled off. She and her cargo,
including the gold, were heavily in
sured. After it was found that it was
going to be very difficult to float the
big ship the consignees of the gold,
who needed it in their business, ap-
pealed to Captain Clark as Llyod's New
York agent to have it landed. 1t re-
manned aboard the vessel three days;
the fact Of it being there rendered the
underwriters liable for a heavier tax
in the event of the vessel being float
ed. Naturally the American line dl1
not make any strenuous efforts to have
the bullion discharged, and just as
naturally Lloyds were anxious to get
1t off as quickly as possible, for in the
event Of storm arising and causing
the destruction of the ship the gold
would have added so much more to the
loss of the underwriters. Captain
Clark chartered a steamer and offered
to take charge Of the gold and land it,
Thereupon the captain obtained
promise that the gold would be landed
Immediately. Thus the underwriters
were relieved Of the further risk and
expense Of floating the stranded ship.
The gold was transferred to the lighter
Haggerty down sagging chute-sug
gestive stretch of canvas in bags, kegs
and boxes. Twelve men armed with
revolvers guarded the treasure as 1t
was transferred from pier to a truck
and taken to vault In Wall street.
The award of $166,000 for salvage SER
vice in the case of the st. Paul was
the largest ever obtained in an admir-
atty court. The st. Paul was aground
ten days. It was said that she had not
plate bent or rivet started.-Ains-
lees Magazine.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03
LABOR. LANDLORDS AND IDIOTS

A Los Angeles paper says: 1T will
tax the wisdom of the American people
to devise policies that will satisfactor-
lily solve the problem of giving EN-
ployment to the whole population, and
at wages which will insure the dignity
of labor"
1t need not tax the wisdom of the
t.1lerican people" very severely to
solve the labor problem, If they will
only go at 1t in the right way. 1t is
not the province Of civil government to
give employment to the whole popu-
lation." 1t is, however, the function
and duty OF government to allow the
whole population to employ them
selves. This they cannot do while nat
ural resources are monopolized. This
they can do when natural resources
have been made free to all.
That same paper speaks of 1.-The sur
plus of labor which we seem to have"
There is no actual surplus of labor in
this country; there never was and
probably never will be. 1t is simply
a case of a surplus of landlords, and
also OF idiots, who, by their votes, year
after year, uphold a system Of land
lordism that shuts off labor from
those natural resources to which 1t
must apply itself in order to produce
such things as everybody needs. This
is as clear as daylight to everybody
who carefully investigates the question
without rejudice.-Ralph Hoyt.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03

900. In short the laws OF New Zealand
a. now administered are framed for the
poor man as against the rich. The
theory is that the land must be pre-
served for the small farmer The man
with few acres Is not crushed by the
temptation for the capitalist is not TO
buy out the small farmer nor to create
vast holdings. His accumulations are
treated as belonging in part to the
state and the state steps in and insists
that he shall pay in proportion to his
possessions. The attention of the world
is called to this theory of legislation.
Every civilization that has heretofore
gone down in the night of history has
done so on account of the greed of or
ganized wealth. The rich men begin
by crushing out the middle class, by
running the small dealers. by convert
ing the small farms into great planta-
tions and then reducing the working
man to virtual slavery. One of the
beneficial results of the French revolu-
ton was giving the soil back into the
hands of peasant proprietors. Henry
George proposed to do this peacefully
by the virtual confiscation of rents.
New Zealand is the first country where
his ideas have been put into operation.
Even here they have not been carried
out to the full limit, but Mr.. Carpen-
ter's letter indicates that the expert
ment thus far is eminently satisfac-
tory.-The Peoria Qll.) Star, of March
18th.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03

The Revue de Paris contains some
very interesting details by Count de la
Vaulx about his projected balloon trip
across the Mediterranean. He says
my balloon will be made of French
silk, which is much lighter than Chi
nese pongee silk, and has quite as
much resistance. The car will be made
of rushes, and will measure two metres
eighty en-, by three metres twenty,
and will be attached to the balloon In
the same way as is used by the mill
tary balloonists at Chalais. The crew
of the balloon for the Mediterranean
voyage will be four in number-two
naval officers and aeronauts. The voy-
age will be made in June or July, when
the wind and sea are their calmest.
There will be preliminary trials, and
provisions for three weeks will be pre-
pared.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03
sHr TREATS DOUBLE CHINs.

An enterprisng masseuse has estab-
lished herself among the fashionable
dressmakers and milliners in Conduit
street, London, and is making a small
fortune by what she calls face improve
ment. Her speciality is treating double
chins, but she is equally ready to
round out sharp one If that is de-
sired.
The method is exactly the same as
that pursued by a score of women in
this country to remove wrinkles and
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03

Courtesy for courtesy is, unfortu-
nately, not the motto of all shoppers
During a recent month a large dry
goods store sent out, in answer to re-
quests, thirteen hundred dollars worth
of samples. Every package contained
a printed request to return samples af-
ter examination. The head Of the de-
partment says that less than one
tenth ever find their way back. Where
are the nine?" is no new lament for
benefits forgot.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03

There has been an increase of neal
Nv 10000 in the value of monkey skins
exported from the Gold coast, and the
warnings issued by past colonial gov
ernments have been unheeded. In
1896 it was reported that during the
six previous years no fewer than 1884,
1858 skins had been exported. 1t is only
skins that are in good condition with
few shot-holes that are capable of be-
ing disposed of. 1t is estimated that
during this period as many as a mil
lion Of monkeys have been massacred
In the Gold Coast district alone.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03

The daughter of Admiral Montojo,
who commanded the Spanish fleet at
the time of it's destruction by Admiral
Dewey in Manila Bay, has just COM
mitted suicide by hanging at Genoa.
The admiral and her mother are now
living at Barcelona, and as she wrote
to them long letter just before she
put an end to her days, they probably
are aware of the mysterious reasons
that prompted her to the deed.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03

OF red snow we all know something
from books on the High Alps. Black
snow-except when it is "manufactur-
ed" in London, and consists of fine
blend of SCOT and slush-is less we'll
known. But it might have been seen
some years ago in a corner Of the
Muette Valley, where a dark snow,
which formed a thick layer, almost
black. on the ground" came down in
heavy shower. Ill-smelling. 1t was,
and. what is worse, its color represent
ed an enormous host of tiny insects. A
strong wind, we are told. brought them
over from some distant part.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03

A mountain goat farm Is new bust
ness in Center and Tioga counties, Pa.
A pioneer in the business opens with
cleared mountain land and a cosign-
ment of 1000 white goats, costing SIS
a head. The mountain cleared land
affords an ideal pasture for the hardy
animals. The New Mexican goats have
a good fur, their hides made a fine
leather, and the meat, for food, is said
to be delicious and most nutritious.
The pasture grounds Of the goats are
inclosed with a wire fence.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03
ONE WOMAN's VIEW.

Women of leisure" declares Mrs.
May Wright Sewall, "spend much of
their time seeking amusement that
does not amuse. At many entertain
plents-receptions fashionable dinners
and luncheons-much of the talk is
idle ami vaporous and not worth ones
while either in listening to or par
ticipating.
I'VE have two classes-the class of
aristocratic tendencies with wealth and
leisure. and the other, the working
class. Both belong to one family. The
working class is made up of the men of
the family and the women of leisure.
The women who are spending their
time at teas and dinners for the most
part are the wives and daughters OF
men that toll in office, shop or store
for IL hours a day. There is no pleas
ant home life.
This condition" continued Mrs.
Sewall has occasioned contempt for
household work on the part Of Ameri-
can women. The dislike for the work
is more conspicuous in this country
than elsewhere. We have no scientific
knowledge of household unitarian
ISM
In conclusion Mrs. Sewall said:
why is it that so many Of our young
married people go to boarding or take
fiat when there used to be such fam
lily pride in the new home Of the bridal
couple? 1t is one Of the signs OF de-
generacy and a love of luxury. They
give up independence because a house
needs thought and care, whereas
everything is provided in a modern
fiat. 1t is a deplorable condition. DE
troit Free Press.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03

To such an extent has the blackball-
ing practice grown in Paris that the
Union, which is the most fashionable,
exclusive and aristocratic club of the
French metropolis, has been obliged to
alter its method of election, and to
restrict the balloting to the governing
committee, instead of allowing the en-
tire club to take part therein, as here
tofore.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03

Cattlemen in Greenwood county,
Kansas, are making hard times for
lawyers. They have established sys-
TEN Of arbitrating differences. Three
men are chosen as an arbitration COM
mittee. They investigate the trouble
and make decision, which is final.
A fuss involving 100000 was settled at
Eureka last week by an arbitration
committee.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03

Rather than lose his fve-foot cue
Lee On, New York Chinaman, who
jumped from trolley car backward
recently and received fractured skull
in consequence, will return to Hong
Kong in gaudy coffin. The surgeons
want to trephine Lees skull and that
means hair cut Although prosper
Gus Mott street merchant and well
versed in western ways, Lee thinks he
would rather die.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03

The market for bridges is far great
er in the United States than elsewhere.
The states have now 100000 miles Of
railways, and it has been estimated
that there is an average of one span
Of metallic bridge for every three
miles of railway. This gives $4,000
bridges on existing lines, without in
Guiding those required for new lines.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03
KANSAS

A nne specimen Of the periophtal-
mus family, species of fish that is
supposed to be confined strictly to At
rican waters, was recently caught near
Fernandina, Fla.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03

"The Extirpation of Rabbits" "Heav-
ems Dead Letter Office" and Revival
by Constitutional Methods" have been
recently announced in Australian
newspapers as subjects of Sunday dis
courses. So it appears that America is
unfortunately not the only country
where sensational titles are chosen to
attract listeners to sermons.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03
trade follows the flag

HOW tTdue IUIIUWS tHo nag 10
again markedly exemplified in prospec-
tive labor troubles in the British cot
ton manufacture, consequent on "a
poor demand from India and an al
most complete stoppage OF buy
ing from China" which will compel
closing down of the mills and reduc-
ton of wages. The only object of the
presence of British troops in China
is trade" but when country is
devastated by war, the famine-stricken
population cannot buy foreign goods.
and when over $1O0,00O,O0O year is
bled from the Hindoos to go to Eng
land the poverty-stricken cultivators
must buy that much less.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03

Italy's new coinage with the head OF
Victor Emmanuel III. will be ready
soon. The dies have been cut by Ca
VALERIE Speranza, the engraver of the
coins of King Humbert
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03

H. G. Wells, the novelist, has de-
signed house for himself at Sandgate,
England, in which he prides himself
that nothing which can be done by
machinery will be done by hand.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03
Asnin.,do NAV Be Us.ful.

Boston Herald: There is clear field
for usefulness open to Aguinaldo in
his attitude as a peacemaker. He can
do something toward bringing an I'M
fortunate war to an end. 1t is probable
that, IL Aguinaldo is half the man that
his admirers have claimed him to be,
he can be successfully utilized for this
xup
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03

rub away superhuous flesh; but in
London this woman finds it desirable
to spice it little with an air of mys-
terry All her patrons are bound to Sc
crecy as to the methods she employs,
but of course some of them break
faith.
Equally, of course, she has clients in
almost embarrassing numbers. She is
woman with charming manners,
these clients say, and she displays in
her reception room photographs of hall
the women famous in European society
and stage life.
Kansas agitator. [volume] (Garnett, Kan.) 1890-1905, 1901-05-03

OF mauve nuns yelling. The bodice
opens over front of white chiffon. The
gown is trimmed with French knots
and stitching of deeper shade Of
mauve.
The daily morning Alaskan., 1901-11-09
WHAT IS YOUTH

Enci1rd is sliI to he worried 1t thc ap- poI,tm.nt of Nr Wynlh1m and Lord S.lborn. t.th m. tn ths present minis trv. ou th. grouud th1t thr.r cNtrcm" youth may lead Goo incousidvratc action, President Roosevelt Is spoken of among us es a young man in the sam" fashion. althaueh be- is eighteen years older than the younger pitt when h, was prime min istsr of EurnuI. eight years older than Gladstone when he entered thc cabinet and sight years older than Napoleon when h. was mad. first consul for lie In spite of these statistics. however. no- bodv doubts that President Roosevelt Is vounc and doubtlesS fhc British have equal r,lsou for believing in th" uucon- ouer,ble adolescence. of torl Selhorne and NIT wyudh1m
 The fact ss.ms to t.. tr1t in this day and generation youth is n"t 70 matter "i wears. it Ia. Iik. Boston. % frame of mind Wa have done away with s' many ot tho har,lshins of material existence th1t we have also done awuv with compulsory middIe-1ce Nowaday~. if m1n chooses. h. is young mtd h" is o'd Youth n" longer means twenty nr tnirtN. u m"'h- pIast.city. t means freshness. to means energy to take up this world and shatter u Go bits preliminary to rem"lding t nearer to Che hearts c,-irn This is a feat performed by faith and Che high heart Anywhere on thc sunny side uf sixty is soon enough Go begin if only you have not given hostages tu old age in the shape of c,ui,sm. bitterness. disbelief and dispair
 Some arc born oli and others allow old age to b. thrust upon them. when it is within their power to reject G. This 0 craven conduct and ls only speedy pun- ishment if President Roosevelt does nothing else for the country hc will have done much by furnishing an example in a high piac, of that persistent. steadfast. invinclhle youth which is th" best thing in the world hIt two
The daily morning Alaskan., 1901-11-09
An Amusing Experience

An amusing tale of a masters troubles with green sailors Is told by the Fort Townsend Call, concerning the Chilean ship othello. i.ii5 tons. Captain Welsh The othello loaded cargo of lumber at Port Blakclcy for the west coast and started. for sea Sunday. She returned to Townsend on Monday and the Call says:
 Captain Welsh has a job-lot of dry land sailors which he would like to dis- pose of at a bargain for decorative pur- noses. Several of the men were secured from up-sound bcforc the othello roach cd Townsend. and fortunately for Capt Welsh. he was not outside the Cape when he discovered that landscape gar d.ners and sowing machine agents pre- dominated. Not caring to attempt the voyage with a crow of passengers the OthclIo put back. It was when the Otheno was on Fort Angeles In tow that the captain made his first impotant d's- covery.
 Get tho wheel. hc commanded a forccastio occupant. The man started aft with aiacrity. In about ten minutes he returned and informed Captain Welsh that he could not find it
 Find whatg' demanded the surprised captain.
 Your wheel blandly replied the mariner. adding you must nave left lt on the dock at Blakeley. for | saw Fellow riding one therc.'
 "In despair Captain Welsh turned to ,notb.r. Go aft and take the wheel s,,d he. and the man went on a run. \ f,.,v minutes later the mate was called T can't keep this mp long. said 'hc sailor. 'it turns too harl. and besides ! can't sec the use of using the propeller when that steamboat ahead is towing ms fast enough. He afterwards said nc .pppos.d that was the way the propeller v,s run. for ho hadn't seen any steam opnlances such as engines aboard |" turn t.
 ..F.,ling it would be unklnd ." t"N' such a crowd out whcrc the water W"S to, de.p to walk ashore whenever they Jicld.-d to quit. Captain Welsh came hack. and will get a crew of sailors at this port before proceeding on his voy- age again.