davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Savannah courier. (Savannah, Tenn.) 1885-1979, 1901-12-20
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THE COMPASS NEEDLE.
Il Points to the Magnetic Pole, Not to
- the North Pole, ms Most Peo-
pie Believe.

The compass-needle points north
because practically the earth is a
magnet, not differing essentially in
its magnetic properties from a bar
of magnetized steel, says American
Notes and Queries.
1t has two poles of greatest in
tensity, and, like most large steel
magnets, there are several supple
mental poles of lesser intensity.
Just as the pole of one bar magnet
attracts the end of another, so
the magnet poles of the earth be-
have toward poles of the compass
needle, unlike poles attracting, and
like poles repelling each other.
But it is not correct to say that the
needle always points north; as mat
ter of fact there are but few local
tiles on the earth where it does so,
and even those are constantly chang
ing.
An irregular line drawn from the
mouth of the Orinoco river through
the east coast of Hayti, Charleston,
S. c., and Detroit, Mich, represents
very nearly the line in which there is
no variation at the present time.
In all places east of this line the
north end of the needle swings
slightly to the westward; in all places
west of it to the eastward. At the
mouth of the Columbia river the vari-
alton of the compass is about % de-
grees east; in Alaska it is from 40 to
go degrees east; midway between
New York and Liverpool it is about
IS degrees.
OF course there is a reason for this
variation, and the explanation is that
the needle does not point to the north
pole, as SO many people suppose, but
to the magnetic pole, which is some
thing entirely different.
The magnetic north pole is at pres
ent on or near the northwestern
shore of Boothia peninsula, in the
northern part of North America. It's
position is constantly changing, and
in the last GOO years it has moved
about half the distance round the
geographical pole.
During period Of 300 years, in
which observations have been care
fully made at the magnetic observa-
tory in Paris, the variations have
changed from II degrees, 20 minutes
east of north to 20 degrees, ten min
utes west.
In the United States the rate of the
change in variation differs much in
different parts of the country. In
Washington state it changes at the
rate of about seven minutes year;
in Arizona and New Mexico it is sta,
tionary; in the New England states
it is from one to three minutes pei
| year.
Savannah courier. (Savannah, Tenn.) 1885-1979, 1901-12-20
SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY.

The foot of a horse is one of the
most ingenious and unexampled pieces
of mechanism in the whole range of
animal structure,
OF the worlds annual production Of
coal-650, 100000 tons-more than two
thirds is mined in the United States
and Great Britain.
The strongest known wood is said
to be lancewood; its tensile strength
per square inch is $4,000 pounds-that
is to say, that weight is required to
tear asunder piece of it one inch
square.
Diphtheria germs survive at least
Is years. This has been proven in two
cases of diphtheria in children who
could have contracted the disease in
no way except through playing with
toys that had been stored Is years in
an old trunk.
A storage reservoir system, with a
capacity for supplying water to 1907
900 acres, nearly all of which is now
desert land, is to be built by New York
capitalists on the Verde river, so miles
north of Phoenix, and at cost Of
100000. A dam $50 feet long at its
base, 1850 feet at its crest and $50
feet high is to be constructed.
Another bird, believed to have be-
come extinct is the California condor,
twice as large as the condor of the
Andes. It's length was five feet, weight
rs pounds and spread of wings IL
feet. An egg of this bird is worth
$4,000 to collectors, but none has been
found for II years. Eggs of the golden
eagle sell in San Francisco for $32
each.-St. Louis Globe-Democrat.
The bird fauna of Iceland is credited
by Henry II. Slater with 1903 species.
OF these three are residents, 81 sum-
mer migrants, 81 occasional visitors
and IS rare stragglers. The land birds
are few, including only seven resi-
dents and five that come in summer
to breed. The great aux once resort
ed to the island, but the most interest
ing birds now probably are the north
ern wren, the great northern dive and
the Iceland falcon. Singing birds are
few.
Savannah courier. (Savannah, Tenn.) 1885-1979, 1901-12-20
A Hsppy idea from France

"White coar' is the striking name
given by French paper to the force
generating electricity by harnesscd
mountain streams. In California. at
Niagara and the 500 the power Of
cataracts and rapids is already util-
lied. The white coal produces no
smoke or ashes, and, after transforms
ing water power into electrical ener-
gy, continues its journey to the
rivers, lakes and sea. Even il black
coal should be exhausted the White
coal will last as long as clouds form
and water runs from elevations.
White coal broadens the field of man
ufacturing far beyond the limits OF
towns and cities, and there ara
writer's who lock to it for q happy
revolution in the conditions of labor.
Savannah courier. (Savannah, Tenn.) 1885-1979, 1901-12-20
An Automobile Bnkery,

Consul Hughes thus describes a
novel automobile invented in Ger
many for military use: ut will follow
the regiments on the march and make
fresh bread from the wheat obtained
on the spot. There is mounted on an
automobile car mill with boilers
and kneading troughs, all run by the
same motor which runs the automo-
bile. The oven is drawn along in the
rear. The bran obtained serves as
food for the cavalry horses. BY this
method 5000 men can be fed daily"
Savannah courier. (Savannah, Tenn.) 1885-1979, 1901-12-20
A. WOMAN'S INVENTION.
Folding Umbrella Dessgned for the
Especial benefit of CYclers und
AutomoboIists.

Elrna Eta Morrison. residing at An
thony, Fla, has been granted a patent
on the folding umbrella shown in the
illustration, the invention being in-
tended principally for cyclers' use.
When an ordinary umbrella is attached
TO the head of wheel it is either too
far forward to afford much protection
or else lies in slanting position. in
the new umbl ella this fault is over
come by the double angle formed in
the handle, the elbows being strength
ened by jointed braces to support the
frame as rigidly as a straight stick,
The lower portion of the handle is in
three telescoping sections, and at the
lower end is steel clamping band by
which the umbrella is attached to the
handle-bar of the bicycle. The tele-
scoping sections of the handle are se'
Savannah courier. (Savannah, Tenn.) 1885-1979, 1901-12-20
A TALK ABOUT ICE.
Some Facts and Comparisons which
VIII Surprise Scores of Well
Informed Readers.

The college professor asked the
rest of us whether ice was colder in
winter than it was in summer Now,
to the rest of us, ice was ice, and
therefore we could not see how it
could remain ice and be either cold
err or warmer. Then the professor
explained the thing in this fashion:
IF thermometer is buried in ice
in summer it will indicate 80 degrees.
If you throw piece of ice into boil
ing water, and leave it there until it
is almost gone, what is left will be
still at 80 degrees. Ice can never be
gotten above that temperature.
"But while ice can never be warmed
above 80 degrees, it will go as much
below that as the weather does. An
iceman delivering ice one zero day in
January was asked whether his ice
was any colder than in July. He
thought not. But, as a matter of
fact, piece of summer ice, if he had
had it, would have been something
of a foot warmer for him, as it would
have been 80 degrees warmer than
the air of the bottom of his wagon.
Milking salt with ice makes it much
cooler. The ice in wine cooler goes
down to about zero. This is why the
point zero on our common Their
mometers was fixed where it is. 1t
was supposed to be the lowest point
which could be reached by artificial
means. Since then we have reached
about 1888 degrees below zero by
chemical processes.
"Ice will cool down with everything
else on cold night to zero or below.
What should prevent it? On day
when it is just freezing block OF
iron, block of ice, outdoors will
stay at 80 degrees. If the weather
grows warmer the iron will warm up
with the weather, but the ice will
stay at 80 degrees and melt away.
But If the weather grows colder the
iron and the ice will cool off, and one
just as much as the other
"As the ice grows colder it gets
harder and more brittle. There can
be no hickory bend on skating pond
on zero day, for ice is then too brit
tie. Slivers of ice dipped in liquid air
become So hard that they will cut
glass. Water thrown on ice in tho
arctic regions will ohiver it like
pouring boiling water upon cold glass,
This is because the ice is so much
colder than the water."-Beverage
Savannah courier. (Savannah, Tenn.) 1885-1979, 1901-12-20
GoLD BENEATH THE OCEAN.
Rich Submarine Deposits on tho
shores of Cape NSWs and Eff
for,s to Obtain gh,sm.

The question of mining the gold
deposits under the tidal waters of
Cape Nome mas been revived through
the accidental lifting of some gold
bearing mud on the fluke of the anchor
of steamer riding off shore. 1t is
well established that the gold-bearing
stratum which was so productive
along Nome beach continues indefinite
ly under the sea. The problem as yet
unsolved is: How shall it be reached?
Dredging seemed at one time to be
the only reasonable solution. Some
rentureSome spectators invested
large sums of money in dredges hop
ing to secure prize through their
agency. But the heaving of the sea
and the frequency of rough weather
made dredging with any appliance in
troduced there impossible. The
dredger wrecked itself in unsteady
water. Every investment in such ma
chimes there has since been counted
dead loss, says the Chicago Ameri-
can.
Later on an attempt was made to
prospect this submarine deposit in the
winter season. Advantage was taken
of the fact that the sea freezes solid
to the ground for some distance from
the beach. Shafts were sunk in the
ice to the gold-bearing stratum. What
measure of success followed this novel
plan of submarine mining has not yet
been made known.
The probabilities are that the in.
tense cold which froze the sea water
TO depth of Is or 20 feet made it i'm
possible to mine economically the
ground lying under the ice sheet. The
results have, at all events, not been
sufficiently glowing to receive special
mention in the reports from Nome.
The steamer Santa Ana, on whose
anchor fluke the gold-bearing mud is
said to have been brought to the sur.
face, was moored in six fathoms OF
water, one and one-quarter miles from
shore. In the mud brought up by the
anchor were Embedded several small
nuggets, the largest being worth a
tale Of the sea, means will yet be
found to reach the deposit.
Ground bearing so much wealth will
be worked some way or other. As
the ordinary dredger used for excava-
ton in still water is unavailable for
the purpose, some mechanical mind
may invent one that will work with.
out destroying itself in the open sea,
in ordinary weather, at least.
Recently deep sea dredger was
constructed at large cost for deepen
ing the South pass in the delta of the
Mississippi. 1t is presumed that this
machine will operate successfully in
the heave of the sea, which is in evil
dence in South pass. If so the princi-
pie on which it has been built may be
applied perhaps to a dredger which
will successfully lift the submarine
gold-bearing gravel at Cape Nome and
win a fortune for its owners from the
bed of the restless ocean.
If the auriferous gravel cannot be
reached by any other means than
dredging the cutting and lifting APP
planes must be so separated from
the dredger that they can be operated
without imparting to them the mo-
ton which the floating hull receives
from the swell of the sea and roll OF
the waves. If that can be done, dredg-
ing for gold will be numbered in time
among Cape Nome's industries.
Savannah courier. (Savannah, Tenn.) 1885-1979, 1901-12-20

VOL. XVII.-NO. 81.
Keep A-Tryln," sianboards

my boy said Uncle Hiram. 'youn soon be
10 arve Ger Lies long roadway a OF doubt
WiH puzzle you completely, which bes
branching when yre o
i.ach bears the OF like
ana So undecided which be choose totrot
nut nave learned the
Inc a-tryin sgnboards to
success is such pretty 1t, M
md the crowd though
for many, seeking shorter through ly-dal
get so far on the highway that they II ne
lou II be allured, fnger-poss say:
rake Chances Road past Waiting
nut TINS safer route would fain mind
Inc Keep a-tryin' signboards highway o
The road that through bright and fair
When FIRST you start but farther
md after that youn have to climb the hill of Debit
ihen still beyond there looms of
And So my boy when starting the road Life
me route your Uncle Hiram chose
And heed his plain directions II
Inc Keep a-tryin' sgnboards the highway
Roy In Success
Savannah courier. (Savannah, Tenn.) 1885-1979, 1901-12-20
New Source Of Revenue,

One of the finest suggestions we
have heard for raising the revenue OF
the country is that made by CORE
spondent in the Daily Mail, who asks:
"Why not tax villa names?" 1t is
really an excellent idea, and would
be extremely well received by, among
other people, the postman and the
butchers boy, who are nowadays har.
assed by trying to remember whether
Melchizedek mansions are at the tor
end of the road or at the BOTTOM.
Pail Mall Gazette.
Savannah courier. (Savannah, Tenn.) 1885-1979, 1901-12-20

placed at the disposal of those nations
whom He loves.
This strange tree at first sight has
nothing remarkable which distin-
guishes it from other trees, but close
examination made by the French ex-
plorer DailIsux reveals that the trunk
and the branches of this tree are COW
cred with an infinite number of pores,
which open at certain moment to let
the liquid which has been absorbed by
the roots fall down in the shape of
rain. Its roots penetrate vertically
and very deeply in the soil in search
of water to supply the tree.
The rain produced by this tree is
very irregular as to its amount of
moisture. Sometim it rains only
twice week, while at other times it
rains thr, times day.
Savannah courier. (Savannah, Tenn.) 1885-1979, 1901-12-20
General Failing.

Woman Lecturer addressing an au.
dience on her favorite topic: "Wom-
AMI have never yet seen beauti-
full girl on whose cheek sits the blush
of dawn, but | felt the longing to en-
brace her and to kiss her on the
lips
Bass Voice Tin the rear of the hall)
Same here! prolonged applause.l
IN. Y. Times.
Savannah courier. (Savannah, Tenn.) 1885-1979, 1901-12-20
TREE PRODUCES RAIN.
Sometimes 1t Sheds Water Only Twice
Week, at other Times
Twice Day.

A tree which produces rain is found
in Mayobamba, wild country of cen
trail Africa. The natives call it lamp
azara bomba andaba ponda, which
means tree which the good Lord has
Savannah courier. (Savannah, Tenn.) 1885-1979, 1901-12-20
He Knew.

Teacher-A man bought three
pounds of meat for 36 cents, can of
tomatoes for eight cents and some
potatoes for five cents. Now, what
does that makep
Bright Scholar - Soup. - Chicago
Tribune.
Savannah courier. (Savannah, Tenn.) 1885-1979, 1901-12-20
New Line-Burning Process.

Lime burners at Rockland, Me-,
claim to have new process by.which
cask of lime is produced with 80
pounds of cheap grade of coal.
Wood has hitherto been used To- get
the best lime,
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1901-05-10

AS this is the time for Housekeep-
ers to think about housecleaning. we
have purchased a very large stock
from three large houses in New York
and Philadelphia, which we are go
ing to IL at the following prices
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1901-05-10
Pan-American Exposition.

The Pennsylvania Rs.lrosd Company an
pounces the following special reduced rates
TO Buffalo, on account Of the Pan'American
Exposition, which opened on May 1
Summer excursion tickets. to be sold from
April 80 to september 30, inclusive, and rood
to return until October 81, at rate OF w
from Washington and propor,iona'e rates
from other points.
Ten-dsy excursion tickets, to be cold be-
ginning May 1 and continuing every day
thereafter during the exposition, good going
on regular trains and good returning within
ten days, incluiing date of sale. at rate Of
Slo.oo from Washington and prcportionate
:stes from other points.
Srecial excursion tickets, TO be sold, good
gong ouly on Thursday, May %, and good
returning within seven days, including date
Of sale. at rate Of SO from Washington and
proportionate rates from other points.
The Pennsylvanis Railroad Company now
operates two through trains each WY daily
between Philsdelpbis, Baltimore, Washington
and Buffalo.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1901-05-10
GENERAL WADE HAMPTON'S
CASE


In an article on the miserable miscsr-
risge tft the attempt to bribe General
Wade Hampton with the Columbia Is.
C.) posmastership an esteemed admins
trstion organ say that the veteran SOL
der "plsinly prefers the manners and
methods of Senator Tillmsp to those OF
Senator McLaurin, or bigotry to prog
resi-" This is somewhat a matter of
taste and OF political morality. Almost
everybody will prefer the rugged mapli-
pess OF Senator Tillman to the sneakipg
manners OF Senator McLaurin, who, af.
ter having betrayed bic p,rty in South
Carolina to the subsidy mongers and
high tariff spoilers. undertook to corrupt
distinguished fellow-citizen with q
postmastership. The republicans have
from time to time made the most OF the
brutal frsnkness of Tillmsn, and they
are welcome to all they can make out
of the treachery of McLaurin. His lat
est attempt to use the administration
spoils for political corruption has re-
suited in failure over which his EN-.
ployers should blush for shame.
Was 1t bad manners In Gen. Hamp.
ton, who has an horored name In South
Carolina. to utter in plain Eoglish bic
righteous indignation over an attempt
to put him to base political uses with
the bribe OF an Office I? Or should he have
humbly accepted the Office with thanks
TO the giver, and have proceeded to
gratefully perform the task expected of
him in spite of his political opinions:
Our contemporary makes the trans
action infinitely worse when 1t says ?
"As General Hampton Is old and 10
.trsi htened circumstances, 1t was prob
ably thought such an offer wonld be
acceptab ble." just 80. It was thought
that, likes Shskespeare'a poor apothe-
cary, bis poverty II not bis will would
consent, and that he would Jump at the
off r. But McLsurin and bis principals
bave found that the veteran Is not 80
much crushed by poverty as to accept q
bribe for abandoning bis principles
or to fail in resenting an insult to his
integrity.
With honest pride General Hampton
5HlUs 10 pcOpio Va Soutu Oohohoo
should know by this time that am not
for sale, and that l never shall be-"
o oe person in South Carolina thought
differently--on the Walpolean theory,
doubtless, that every man has his price
-and that person has received q sting
ing rehuke for his blunder. In the
opinion u our contemporary General
Hampton might have helped to pave
the way fIr more liberal political era
in the South" But not by accepting
postmss eiship ss reward for political
des; rtion aud making himself the tool
of McLaurin. The administration's
policy cannot be made acceptable to
the South by system Of spoilsmopget-
ing any more than in the rest of the
country. 10 practcing this system lite
agents will discover that the southern
democrats as rule are as little su scep-
tible to its ip fluence as is General Wade
Observation-Disclosures Record.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1901-05-10

Contract advertitsrs VIII NOT be allowed 20 ex'
cesd their space unless the excess Ii paid for
a. transient rates, and under no circum'
stances will they be allowed to advertise
other than their legitimate businsn In the
space contracted for.
Marriage and death notices must b paid fo1
in advance.
Rssolutions in memoriam, of thanks, tributes
of respect, resolutions ado ptedby societies
OF persons unless Of Jublic concern, VIII
only be printed in tn papsr a. advertise.
meptz
The GAZETTE once is connsctsd with the
Telephone Exchanges. Advertisements, OF.
deIs T. the paper, news OF any information
OF business can be sent by telephone.
Entered at the Postofhos Alexandria, Virgin.
Ia. ~ second-class matter.l
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1901-05-10

BOILED IN A BEER VAT.-Samuel
Bolton, jr., head Of the firm Of s. .Bol-
toms Sops. OF Troy N. Y, one of the
most extensive brewing con Germs in
northern New York, met sudden death
shortly before noon yesterday by fall
ing into kettle Of boiling beer.
Mr.. Bolton at the time OF the acci-
dent was inspecting portion OF the
brewery in which was large kettle Of
boiling beer. He discovered portion
of the kettle that required attention
and sent an employe named Wagner 10
search OF the carpenter. During the
absence of Wagner 1t is believed that
Mr.. Bolton clipped while looking into
the vessel and fell headlong into its
boiling conten S. Upon Wsgner's re-
turn the body OF Mr.. Bolton was dis.
covered 10 the vessel.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1901-05-10

To Cure Constipation Forever.
Take Cascarets Candy Cathartic lOc or Soc'
nc. G. c. fail 10 cure, druggists refund money.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1901-05-10

wife Degins 10 say
cNo, / don't think
! care to go. You
go alone, dear. ("
Young women don't
reckon on the great
physical ch hange S
which follow mar
riage. How can
they when they are
allowed to grow up
in entire ignorance
of vital physiological
facts? They feel
languid, weak and
nervous. Sometimes
ere is headache
and backaehe. The
pulse no more leaps
in answer TO the
thought Of a spin on
the wheel. Women
who have used DR..
Pierce's Favorite
Prescription, know
how promptly the
languor, headache,
backache, nervous
ness and weakness
are cured by this
IN nedicine. e Many
L,.snao1s xr,-;ta Ia
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1901-05-10
FOR OVER FIFTY YEARS.

AN OLD AND WELL-TRIED REM
EDY.-Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Sy-
rup has been used for over fifty years
by millions of mothers for their chill.
dren while teething, with perfect
success 1t soothes the child, softeo
the gums, allays all pain, cures wind
collie and is the best remedy for Di,
arrhea. Is pleasant to the taste. Sold
by druggists in every part of the
world Twenty-Five cents bottle,
Its value is incalculable. Be sure
and ask for Mrs. Winslow's Soothing
Syrup and take no other kind.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1901-05-10

gratitude to DR.. Pierce for the medicine
which gives them back the wife's compan-
ionship. as 1t gives her back her health.
YAH praise is due to you for your wonderful
'Favorfte Prescription writes Mr. John w.
Cofman, Of Eilisburg, Casey Co., KY. "My wife
suffered with female irregularity; was confined
to bed every three weeks After using two bot
ties OF DR.. Pierce's Favorite Prescription she
was cured, and has not suffered any derange-
ment since. Your Fsvorite Prescription Is
boon 10 delicate women"
There is no alcohol in rPavorite Pre-
scription," and it Is entirely free from
opium, cocaine and all other narcotics.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1901-05-10
AIsxaaaria &xxstts.

PUBLrEHKD DAILY AND TRI-wKEKLY Al
Gazette Building. $40 y S12 Prince u
TERMS:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1901-05-10

NASAL CATARRH quickly yields to
treatment by EIy's Cream Balm, wh ch is
sgreeably aromstic. 1t is received through
the nostrils clesnses and heals the whole aur'
face over which it diffuses itself. A remedy
for Nasal Catsrrh which is dry ng or exciting
to the diseased membrane should not be used
Cream Balm is recognized as sp ,cifc. Price
80 cents at druggists or by mail. cold in
the head Immediately disappears when Cresm
Balm is used. Ely Brothers, SO Warren
Street., New York.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1901-05-10
MEDICINAL.
After MARRIAGE

They are going to be together just as
much as before; going to ride the wheel,
take little pleasure jaunts. ETC., enjoying
everything together. Isn't that what
many a young couple promise each
other1 And yet, how very soon the