Arizona republican., 1901-11-18

l lished Among the first will doubtless
 be beet sugar factories and fruit can
 ming establishments. for which the 1 field is already inviting.
 On the subject of education in tho
 territory Governor Murphy says: | The public school system of Arizona ! is one of the best in the union. From
 the primary grades to the university | il is liberal and comprehensive and
 offers to every child in the territory ar | education free of cost. Attendance in
 the public schools is compulsory. The
 course of study has been approved by the National Educational association. The percentage of illiteracy in the population of Arizona always has been
 low. and it is believed that our systen.
 of education will place the territory ahead of any state to the absence
 of illiteracy. By reference to the school
 statistics it will be seen that the in crease in the number of school chl- dren since my report of last year Is
 2.610. the total now being 23.503. This | increase Is partly accounted for by the | fact that under the law enacted last spring the school age was advanceI from eighteen years to twenty-ona
 years. and partly by the general i'm crease in the population of the terri tory.
 There are two hourishing normal schools. one at the town of Tempe. near Phoenix. and the other at Flag staff. Both are under the supervision of able instructors and there is q large attendance at each. The course of study ! is thorough and the requirements for graduation most rigid. As a result no
 state in the union has a better class of teachers.
 The mining industry is discussed In detail.
 INDIANS.
 Concerning the Indians of the terri tory the governor says:
 1 The Indians of Arizona are peaceful and industrious and progressing rapidly in the ways of civilization. Warfare and depreciation no longer
 menace development and the peace ot
 communities. In my judgment the time . is ripe to open for sale and settlement
 the large Indian reservations within
 the territory. with the possible excep- ton of the Navajo reserVa tion. in
 northeastern Arizona. where conditions
 differ from those in other localities and | where the Indians have large grazing interest. The Pima or Gila River reser- Vation, consisting of agricultural lands
 only. and which with sufficient, water for irrigation can maintain a large population. should be made available
 for public use. especially the acreage within the reservation in excess of tn.
 Indian requirements. When il is de sira ble for the Indians to engage in farming. land should be allotted in sev- crafty. and whether in lots of 10 or 1G) acres. the Indian individual or family i would be better. happier and become quicker civilized if owning and working
 his own farm or homestead. so to | speak. And the same is true Of the White Mountain and San Carlos reser- vations. larger in area than some of the | states of the union, embracing good , agricultural lands in the bottom along
 the Gila. San Carlos and White rivers
 and their tributaries. also rich mineral
 and grazing lands and many thousand square miles of marketa ble pine and
 oak timber. All of these valua ole lands are withheld from improvement and development and are not utilized in any
 way for the benefit of the Indians. ex- ! cept small farming area on the bot 1 toms along the rivers.
 ! The tribes occupying these reserva- tions are not. like the Navajos and Mo
 quis, pastoral in their customs; other wise these reservations would maintain
 several hundred thousand cattle and i sheep. which, if properly mana gel.
 would make the Indians practically
 self-supportine. I believe that d fur
 ther maintenance of the tribal relations as now conducted and the retention 1f reservation agencies. around which the Indians cluster and live in idleness
 upon rations issued by the government
 most seriously rctard the civilization O.
 the Indian. The great expense of main taining the present system can also. in
 my Judgment, be greatly reduced. If in making farmers of the Indians after
 lands have been allotted it is founI
 beneficial to aid them with farm irnpIe-
 nlents and seed and reduced ra:ions for
 time until they are fairy started. it
 should be done. and l consider il en-
 tirely wise and proper for the govern
 ment to build reservoirs for the storage
 or water for irrigation in suitable To- calities, with canals leading to the all lotted lands: and for this purpose In ] dian labor could be very largely uti- lized. site for dam the Gila at san Carlos has been approved by gov ernment engineers and estimates have been submitted for the construction O. i the dam. It is stated that this dam when built will store enough water to
 irrigate land sufficient to maintain all Of 7 the Pima Indians and d very consider able acreage besides which could be
 utilized by white settlers. and that the government now expends enough
 money annually to maintain these h. dians in comparative idleness to more than pay liberal interest upon the cost | of the dam. It would therefore seem
 to be d good business move on the part of the government to make this invest ment.
 But the lands that are not agricul- ! tural on these reservations mineral grazing and timber. are of no use what ever to the Indians. and if opened to purchase and settlement they would support a very considerable population and go far in enriching the country. Every session of congress bills are introduced to segregate Il portion 1f some Indian reservation where valu- able mineral has been discovered. so that mining can be engaged in or for 1 some other purpose. and this kind of legislation has been in most casss