The Washington times., 1901-08-18

From what Church Tolstoy excommunicat-
| ed, and why? 2. How many books has he writ
ten, and what are their namesf RosEDALE-
| From the Greek Church, as its ayowed
| enemy. according to circular OF the
METROPOLITAN of Keifr to all Russia I, arch-
| bishops 1t prohibited celebration of III
| vine service and expiatory masses at his
| death. 2 The exact number of his works
We do not know. but they are many, as
| he began writing about 1853 These are
some of them: War and Peace, Anna
Karenina,'' "Kreutzer Sonata" THE Cos
| sacks, "Christ's Christianity" MY Re-
| ligion," THE Kingdom of God ie Within
| U.s. Patriotism and Christianity and
| THE Four Gospels Harmonized.
| What was the worlds production of goId last
year, and to what extent it affected by
| the South African war? 2. Will you give me
! an idea OF the earnings Of the War Revenue law?
E. C. D.
1t is put at s255. 924 65l. This is some
| s55, zoe less than the output of 1899. the
decrease being attributed to the small
output of the Transvaal mines. These
| produced nearly sd. 600. 600 in 1899, the war
| having begun in October, against but 81
| 20S. s69 last year. 2. From the date the
| law went into effect until May 81 of this
year, the collections were S3l0. 053. &c. Doc
| umentary stamps paid Sos. 722. 614; pro-
| prietary stamps, s13922 .13S; special taxes,
| l4.069 .636; tobacco, $1.24,1SO; snun, W
6g7,Sls; cigars. S9,1S0.02I; cigarettes. So
S1S.s9i; legacies. 1886. 40; excise tax. "
and beer s932, 3S5.
VIII you give some of the remarkable features
OF the Severn Tunnel7 BY HEARsAf-
1t takes a railway under the Severn at
point where the ordinary rise and fall
of tide is about fifty feet. Its length, four
and half miles, is now hardly remarka-
bic. "A striking and very discouraging
feature of its construction was the
amount of water that poured into ii from
what came to be called the big spring.
Twice this was struck, once 1t crushed the
tunnel arch, and once an extraordinarily.
high tide overlooked the surrounding
country and poured down the tunnel
shafts. Finally the big spring water
was led to a well where permanent pumps
disposed of it. Twelve years were con-
sumed in building the tunnel
viii you give history OF the howitzer
non? Is il used now? c. ID.
Its beginning dates back TO the earliest
days of artillery. guns constructed like
the howitzer having been used to throw
stone projectiles in the fifteenth century.
When in the sixteenth century Dutch ar
tiilerists made shells successfully. the
howitZer came into general use except by
the French, who did not adopt il until the
close of the eighteenth century The first
cannon made by the colonial authorities
were brass hOwitZers. Most hOwitzerS
then had a powder chamber smaller than
the bore, and a length that allowed or
reaching the shell with the hand Snd set
ting the fuse after loading. When the sa-
bot was adopted, which is disc of wood
attached to the shell, howitzers became
longer and went into universal use But
today most forms of siege howitzers are
made short, for. since they often must De
fired over advanced troops. the sabot may
not be used safely. Our own 7-inch siege
howitzers are eight feet long. They are
rifled and breech loading.