Evening star., 1901-02-04

direction of the board Of education aho a. ~
tha request of the Bar Association OF 'he
District of Columbia, presented thiu "
Committee, of which Mr.. William n. ON,
gleton was chairman. 1t was not ueS Snis
advisable to have the pupils OF tiie scnVT, -: 20
below the sixth grade participate III sa
observance of the day, for the reason .!a =
children so young could hardly De eApG...u ;.,es.
to properly appreciate the boUever
The p,pils of the seventh graue' ho. "a
in tbeir study of history have just reaGleu u
the time of the administration OF Joilii
Adams. the President who appointed 1,'ona- nat-
I'll To- the office OF chief justice. 1here-
fore. for the seventh-grade pup.ls ,i,.a Pa, a.
larly the exercises proNeu
well as interesting. ,,a e;ehtb
In the schools of the seventh ana els ~.
prades the preparation ana car S!ns
of the programs were left 10 eaol' oIevarlv
The exercises, as RUE, wele r+intnat ed
varied, the efforts or al WIZ pa
being entirely creditapie. ,, ohooIs
The nnpils Of the several hlsh schoois
held exercises IN the assempf nrl7 ~
the respective high school pulid!nss'
the reonest Of the Bar Assoclatloh,> M. N,
IHu,,am n Singleton addressed the puplls
~ tho Central High School, MT. "aitel
n Clenhane those of the business ihs . :.
school Mr. Orrin B. Hallam spohe
the Eastern High schooi; ;,af MI school md
NJ n N Hewlett at the Co!oreo h!s :, u
SnhooI The speakers discoursed upon 'iie
IT, of Chief Justice Marshall, not onls .as as
ards the period when he was 9pEli the ne
bench, but when ne ", was 0tersnee to other
military service, and in reference W
neriods of his career as well o,.oa
peIIousW w - n Singleton had been assigned
60 The Central High School for a1terhoo,t e,, ,"nt
exercises But as the assehnoiy yhaiars hai. this
scat the entire number OF scnolaIs, I'll r,,i@
t,aTap at the request OF the prlhcipat,
ssS. Hmohes addressed the secono, thiro u 4
anj fourth classes at In the morning "hu
the first class at 1:30 In the AFTERNOON
surcested by Bar Associatioh'
rh. American Bar Association, in max
ine nreparation for the celebration oi
"Iobn Marshalls Day recommended tha'
,-,o.,,sas ha had In the schools of the coun-
trv 40 that the children might learn ol INC
judiciary branch of the government ana
its place in the national scneine. Aeeiiis
nnon this suggestion. the local Bar Asso-
iation in charge of the exercises IN the
District of Columbia, appointed several
rrembers Of the bar. some OF them OF tne
main committee, with Mr.. w. IL sing
ns chairman. to provide for due celebra-
tio, ~ the day in the public schools. Upon
eopsrltation with Superintendent A. L.
Stuart. suitable services were arranged, III, II,
Guiding the reading of a pamphlet prepared
hy the committee, of which Mr.. William IL.
Sy SyS,rIaton oi is chairman, embracing remarks
80 John MarshallS relation to the judi
ciarv and the latter's position In our
snbep,e of government 1t was as 1ollo"s'
MARSHALL Sworn In.
One hundred years ago today John MAI
shall of Virginia took the oath OF ONCE as
chief Justice of the Supreme Court OF the
United States having been appointed there-
to bv President John Adams Ihe trainers
of the Constitution OF the United states lau
nro,ided a government composed OF three
broncbes of coordinate powers, the legis-
Iativn consisting of the Senate ana Rouse
Of REPRESENTATIVES; the executive, cohsise
mo of the President and subordinate Oh
ficials; and the Judlclai, cohsis.iis u. '.s ns
snnreme court and such inferior courts as
Cnnoress might from time to time estap-
lish. s,,, - .ho fret
written one organizing government, sla..
ed the powers Of the government "l,nou'
defining them. IIn fact, strenuous ob1ec-
tions to its adoption had been urged be-
cause it's language might be construed IN
such manner as to give the general govern
ment too much power under "nlch lhe
people could be oppressed
One of the first and most important ques-
tions which arose was In what way was lns
CONSTITUTION to be Interpreted, who should
declare what its'lanEuage meant! was the
CONGRESS- to be the sole judge of the consti-
tutionality of its acts and enact any law
II might please2 Was the President to de-
termine his authority under the Constitu-
ton and the laws Sr decds was wbch in
came before the courts and accept the pow
er of the Congress to enact law and OF
the executive to execute 1t without ques-
tioning their authority? How far also was
power granted to the general government
and how far were the several states in
hibited from exercising powers which hith-
erto they possessed? These and other ques-
tions. ali depending for their solution upon
an Interpretation of the Constitution, were
imminent and demanded attention.
Province of Judicial Branch.
The Supreme Court of the United States
with John Marshall as chief justice, when
the subject Of the Interpretation of the
Constitution was first presented and the
powers Of the Congress and the President
hereunder were first discussed, held that
It was the province OF the judicial branch
of the government to determine the consti-
tutional powers of the other branches The
position thus taken. always maintain
ed and accepted by the people Of this coun.
try, thus placed the judiciary as the most
important Of the three branches of the
government. Removed from. the turmoil
and strife Of political life and having @
life of7ice the members Of our federal sf,,.