The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1901-01-22

THE NINETEENTH CENTURY dawned with
practically the whole OF the European
4 world at Napolcon's feet. Great Britain
alone stood out against him. During the
past year he had whipped Austria at every
turn, until she was anxious to quit now the
willy First Consul of France had secured the
cooperation Of every nation Of any strength
In Maritime League against England. 1t
seemed the first few months Of the year that
h. would grind the British Isles under his heel
and look longngly toward Mars or some other
planet for a chance to fight another world. Sub.
seQuent events did not make the sailing quite
as easy as BonapartC had expected, although
before the year was out England was willing
to sign treaty OF peace.
The opening of the century found Great
Britain fitting out a fleet for the Baltic to put
an end to the mcnacng league. Nelson was
with it. That made all battles half won be.
fore begun. Copenhagen the first. The
Danish feet met the Britshcrs with warm
reception, which continued four hours. Finally
the Danes lost. Nelson turned his attcn-
tion to the Russian feet, bent on wiping the
ships OF each nation in the Maritime League
against England off the face Of the waters,
when his hand STAYED by the announce
men that Nicholas I had succeeded Paul on the
Russian throne and had withdrawn from the
slightest French alliance thus breaking the
backbone OF the league.
This news would have startled most generals:
not so with Napoleon. lie now actually threat.
ened an invasion OF England from Boulogne.
Large bodies Of troops were moved to this point,
with the oStenslolc intention Of being transported
TO the English coast. The British government,
however, made energetic preparations TO resist
the threatened invasion. Lord Nelson was sent
with Il powerful feet against Douognc and
Bonaparte, convinced Of the hopclcSsncss Of sue
nh Cd thn aptprt rt,ris In ,In
time Abercrombic's famous expedition to Egypt
had been made On March "Sir Rabbi" ar.
rived in Aboo'ker Bay and made a good land.
ing in the face of a welldisposed French force,
which offered every possible resistance. Three
weeks later Abercrombie defeated the French
under Menou at Alexandria, but fell in the mo.
mcnt OF victory. Later Il bold march, executed
with talent, effected the capitulation on June y
Of Cairo; Alexander surrendered Sept. ! and
the French sailed from the shores Of Egypt.
The Turkish government restored.
During all these operations in Egypt on land.
the British were not idle water. On July
there was a pretty warm engagement near Al.
gecras, seaport OF Spain Slumarcz, the
English admiral attacked Franco,Spansh fleet
and sustained reverse losing II. NJ. S. Hannibal,
with sevcntyfour guns. Six days later though
he went at them again of Cadiz, Spain, and
though the feet of the enemy was double his
'"h eitHr'll, lHIlltltu on lHefl Il complete
defeat The latter fight was brought on by
Sa''marczs trying TO prevent feet Of British
merchantmen from falling into the hands of
the enemy. Regarding Saumarez'S achievement
Nelson said "a greater action was never fought"
Both France and England seemed to be satls.
ned with the war, and Oct. I peace between the
two nations was declared. Eight days later 1t
was followed by peace between France and Rus.
sia. These later became "A definite treaty at
Ainens, by the terms Of which England was re.
qliired to restore Malta To the knights and the
Cape OF Good Hope to the Dutch.
All Europe now enjoyed a short interval OF
peace, and Napoleon directed his attention to
the establishment of order and the security
OF his authority in France. Before the wear
was out he made treaty called "1he Concor.
dat with the Pope for the re.establishmcnt of
religion in France BY this the first consul
nominated and Plus VII appointed bishops VINO
were all required to swear allegiance TO the re.
public. Several who refused were driven from.
France and founded in England La Petite Eglise.
This the first year of the century which opened
with such promise OF roaring cannon in wars
closed with the fulhlmcnt OF cooling doves in
peace
The first Imperial Parliament Of the United
kingdom-England, Scotland and lreand-mct
today The resignation of Pitt, because he could
not keep his promise to restore the Catholics Of
Ireland to political power, followed, and Ad.
dington became Prime Minister.