The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1901-12-03

originated and from here started those
colossal migratory ilordes under Jenghis-
| Khan and Timur which We're the terror
| of West Asia and of Europe in the age
! of Saint Louis and the Emperor Freder-
| ic II.
More interesting than anything mem
| toned so far are the changes which
| come when men rise to the agricultural
| Of this type Is furnished by TIE Ger
! mans from the fifth ce- fury OF our
era tn the tenth. They, of course rur-
| sued agr ieulture before they began in
| vadirg tho Roman empire but had lot
then outgrown their memories OF no.
| madic life or their love therefor In
agriculture mans industry Is mora
| 4i,rrsitied than can earlIer lie the case.
| While land-Sorking is the leading craft
I it e.f'sC.i.tely necessitates ce-ta Il aux
| iliary trades, never wholly excluding pas
| toral work, hunting or fishing Not only
| IS vegetable food more used but various
| new kinds of it are discovered and intro
| Guced.
! Unique among the novelties of this
| transition is mans decidedly lessened de-
! pondencies upon the free gifts of nature.
| He himself now determines in large part
what nature shall produce and how much.
! Human knowledge and human labor play
! at this stage a mighty role in Productlan.
| AS a consequence communities are less
| tivd to localities. Not alone the coast
| Iaads or the fores~s or The well watered
grassy plains now Offer them homes;
a tEGN nave cnOlC6 OIL all tnOSe SpOlS WHCES
| corps will thrive. They can also form
denser populations and far better defy
\ the Canger of want.
Another weighty innovation is the ces-
ton of the nomad life, settling down
| attachment to given portions of territory.
| Connected with this is, probably, the
foundation of village communities by the
| breaking up of the clans. Such rupture
| takes place through the necessity of hav-
| ing mems dwellings near the good tillage
| patches, which, OF course, are apt TO Dc
scattered. New laws and rights origi-
| mate House and garden are added TO
personal apparel, arms and tools, as pri-
| vate property, the land at large being
| at first and for long time still owned
by the community. At length land-nold.
ing in Severalty comes IN, the marx OIL
community becoming manor, and an
aristocracy of land owners springs up.
Law in the agricultural stage is less
tribal conception, and thought or more
and more as the law OF the lanu. Cox-
munity feeling, the germ OF patriotism,
has birth; manners and customs make
another and an unprecedented advance III
refinement.
ext raordinary new development and in
tricacy in the political system. OHer-
ing better opportunity for both foreign
attack and domestic lawlessness, II de-
mands organization for common ae
tense General officers and authorities
have to be created, new penal laws, reg
ular courts, a military system mus
additional steps lOWdIu SoSiai
tions are taken to say nothing of the
wider scope which the agricultural or
der of economics affords for slavery.
There is reason for supposing that the
possession of slave labor partly or wholly
determines the transition from shepnero-
ism to agriculture. Certain it Is that
nearly all primitive agriculture Is carried
on by slave labor 1t is here that slavery
exerts an Important influence in advan-
cling civilization.
Here upon the agricultural plane as
on the lower ones. each family produces
most of what 1t consumes and DIVISION
Of labor. with It's Incidents of exchange
and money though mot unkr 6sTe is IS no
ragnlar class of merchants. There are
during the sgrcntpra aEe h dol1 metal aa
liz b,1t still consisting of cattle ana
wares yet + the the rder al indu Da
states Wood and metal working anu
the few simple manufac lures i g6 nrSe
in duality and gradually give rise 10 oea-
mite crafts and trades more OF less Sc
rata from agriculture.
Copyright, 1907