The evening times. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1895-1902, 1901-10-01
ABANDONMENT Oh Soils.
Reasons Assigned for Failure 20
Cultivate Lands.


G!'" Department of AETtcui'uT" Is
.ucs Bulletin Containing Part OF
the Testimony Of Prof. whitney
Pcgorc the Industrial Commission.
The Department Of Agriculture has just
issued a bulletin. treating % the eNhauS-
zion and abandonment of soils. The re-
port is compiled from the testimony OK
Prof. EiItou Whitney. CHIEF of the hi
vision Of Soils. before the Industrial
Commission.
The abandonment of soils is attributed
20 exhaustion. development of new areas.
attempts to lruw crops uu1uIt,G to par
tl.,sar soils. scarcity Of water uufavora-
uIo climatic conditions. HoaGiug and in
uudatiou 10y storms and tides. labor and
expense Of maintaining proper physical
Co.Gitious. social conditions and trans
uo-tatiou conditions
I'm sreakina OF tho c-tIe, Of the detcrI-
r..+ r..s... ~,
"I'''L'H "iIN "'.'i'.''I.ll'''I Oh -,'...'-
Maryland and Virginia, Prof whitney
says.
Tho a,-Ia-reff,r7 Of Tho soils Of which
- 80. -. ..-,.-r--,,1
nave "'''u 30 ".-'' 81 -' -
Virginia ana inc southern Std,t-. is huts
uuuG,stiauahIy t. irurr0rer ana iG5Udi-
rfgus methods Of cultivation and croD-
=.
N4luf ul farm crops. Que ln t-Iu 10 inc
choanor production i'm the West and TO the
r..1,flsF COST az .rar,e-.r.rt..ff,r and 10
- -
Ia. '''' ''S' an" ''' 'l''ll'I'' va 9t@
Ciai Industries in other lucanues-iur eN-
annie. I'm the production of the White
F,r7rlay- rob.,,, i'm 4bi, which Yields
iHoIt PCT acre IS grown at ii less ''SN per
pound, and can Doc sold at d cheaper price
than the MARYLAND leaf and has largely
taken ia. Mac. ~ tn. Nf.r,.rara Lar Il,
"
VIC 4"L'iEH markets. p+IlilulaIIS III 'hc
freEch and Belgian markets. Further
more. the changes in the social condi-
ffo,s AM, a., A.. ,i,..I No. md a., not
cages Nillch are SUN OUTSTANDING against
the lands have been a contributing cause
70 the aIaufaurg.Ur or 70 tn. dafariora-
ti,r rr ,,,,,,,. 80 ,p,.g.. 80. D., 49,. 49,,
va ''''1 go 40 l-.'S '
l"'iu p"sSi'le III many portions OF Mary
land with the prevailing crops and
methods OF cultivation. 10 obtain a fair
INK, TIE 81 on the labor and expense of Gull
uyat.oU. but % has been impossible TO
obtain a living from The land If At the
same time the interest on MORTGAGES.
which have been running since the war
has had to be met And l know OF once
prosperous communities in southern
Maryland whore they could still ue sue
CezSf-I where they could produce surff-
ci,n1 To maintain families without stint
and with a fair degree Of comfort but
e. e. z
cd as AN Inheritance OF thirty ycars. ago.
and IL is iuuDszfHIc to slluu0rt the f4ruf-
lies and TO pay of the mortgages at the
same time Areas now are being aban-
land ana The south.
zone OF the most important causes Of
deterioration. however. and ] think I
should put this first of all. is the method
and system OF agriculture that prevails
throughout these States The division of
soils made "a careful SURVEY with soil
MARYLAND this vear-St Mary county
and Calvcrt collut,-and of Lancaster
county. Pa. and the study Of the condi-
fiDus which have prevailed and the meth
DDS particuIarIv which have have been
used 'iu these two areas mas been q mat
ter of considerable interest 10 mo In
soils OF southern MARYLAND are i'm no
yvav exhausted in the sense that thai
term is generally used-that is a chemical
analysis shows that they have sufficient
there is appareutlv no lack OF plant food
I'm the soil T-n0ucstionabIv fha soil has
: been abused, the methods Of cultivation
and Of croDplng have been fuiudici0usIv
selected and tho soils are NOT now AS pro
dUct{yc as they should he There is one
80 in r,9rtic45Iar ~ q ct-fai- eoi1 MIN "a
baa,-,- el,LeCi IN 81 NJ, I,,,l,,f[. ,,y-1,-
abI- -aborr an nor com OF me qrsa 81 me
county that IS in my opinion as yaIu-
able In lis yyav and in much thu same
way as the limestone soil of PtuusyTva-
MIA This soil in 81 Mar, c1rrrr,- soils
- 49,, q a., e. - - & fJ--f a. =
Trssrr-I1,- is on for sFor7t S1G nor zero y,b.rG
II h T,rgIfr C,IIri,-tfC~ v-riI. IN s.iTs in
I-r7gaet1r cgTlv1f,- ee5i -oy- an fr,,r71 SO ~
$40 an ecr,
.-ETTf an The soil I'm ST Mary couDtz-
rbgr. 49, 49,, .e.y.rs1 GOOD Terms ttsr
have beer kent mn TN. MARYLAND farmer
,,ray,-s an a.-iIs !, GOOD ..TIrEfi-., fy,--,,.
fff.,n 10 ty-art,- r,IsH,.Is 81 what he
lows clover. be crows tobacco and Ia
oars from & 10 Id cents "a r,g.rDd f1r Tho
tobacco Tho Peua-,-I,-s,r.ia 'f..T--7,-r a--1yg-
wheat. ne grows clover and grass as in
MARYLAND IJDdcr good tr,atr-art- and he
grows tobacco from which h.. Gets from
to 10 cents a pound also Ht. tars The
same urlca hui "a larger Weld IL is
heavier tobacco. Nov. from causidera-
ton Of the crops that are obtained from
this southern Maryland area and Of the
obtained from the soils Of Lancaster
county. Pa. il seems 20 me evident
I that tho soils OF eg1rt hsru MARYLAND
ought 10 have relatively higher
value and tho reason why they have not
SIS largely. in my opinion. because OF The
social conditions and the methods OF
farming ~ YOU go into the home. of "a
/ dinner with hin hc has an abundance Of
food Ira great variety Everything the
chances are. has been grown upon his
own farm. The meat HIS been r .sed By
himself the veg tables have bcr-. grown
Ia his garden or iu his fields. the pre-
serves. OF whatever they may hare for
their dessert, have been made by their
den Even the sugar. the chances are.
ms te'H produced on the place, and act
u"iiE HolhlhE Out inc tea c8ttrc, sax, ana
pepper mas bNen purchased that goes 70