davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
Cardinals Nephew Dies.

New Orleans. La, Jan. DIR. James
Gibbons one of the ambulance students
of the Charity hospital, and a nephew
of Cardinal Gibbons, died today of
wounds received last night. He was on
his way home about midnight when two
men attempted to rob him. Before he
could comply with the demand to hold
up his hands one Of the men shot him
in the groin, and both then ran away.
DR. Gibbons pursued the men until loss
of blood caused him to desist. A cousin
of the wounded man happened to come
along and took him to a hospital. No
trace Tof the murderers has yet been
found, although DR.. Gibbons gave a
fair description of them before he died.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
SCANDlNAyIANS MEET.
Speeches, Dancing and Refreshments
the Programme

At the meeting of the Scandinavian So
cietv held at the Fourteenth ward as
aUl 'uoouI5lIP GgpI9ls5G sWOoJ AIqU7s
arrangements committee was reelected
for the ensuing year.
From 3 to O'Clock refreshments were
served after which the financial report
was read by Treasur John Hagman. It
showed a balance of S242A In the treas
urv Speeches were made by J. NJ Sjo-
dahl APOSTLE Anthem Lund, President
Angus NJ. Cannon and Martin Christoph-
erSOn.
Those present then enjoyed dancing I'M
til a late hour About go were present.
The attendance at the society meetings
has increased during the last year ABOUT
- ner cent. The society meets the sec
ond Friday in the month at the Four
feqenth ward assembly rooms. J. NJ. Sjo-
dahl Is president. with NJ Chrlstopherson
and J. s. Jensen as cOunSelOrs.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
Lost on Mount washington.

Berlin. " H, Jan. IA searching
party has left here for Mount Wash
ingtOn in an endeavOr To find William
H. BOdweU. correspondent of the New
York Herald, who was lost on the
mountain Wednesday while attempting
to make the ascent with two other
men. BOdweH with Chester Sites of
Cambridge and Ray Evans of GOrham,
went up the mountain on foot for the
purpose Of taking views.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
miscellaneous.
Y. NJ. C. A. EXHIBITION.
Athletic Programme Yesterday At
ternoon and Evening.

Yesterday was open house at The Y. NJ.
G A gymnasium, and a very interesting
athletic programme was given during the
afternoon and evening
A handbal game between Moore and
Evans against Augustus and Rasmussen
was the first feature. The former team
won two out of three games by the follow
ing scores. PHI, 21-1S and 2I-i9
The junior gymnasium class consisting
or twenty members, followed with an ex-
mDItiOn on the different apparatus. The
afternoons programme ended with ex-
hlDlt1On games Of basketball and indoor
baseball by picked teams from the mem
berS of the association
For the evenings programme the senior
or advanced pupils did some clever work
on the horse, parallel bars horizontal bar
ana In class work Physical Director Au-
gustuS then gave an exhibition of fancy
club swinging, which proved to be one Of
the best ever seen by the local public
Hugh PiDpeto. who holds all records at
high kicking in this section of the coun-
try. followed with an exhibition of split
kicks. double kicks and hitch kicking
The attendance was all that could be de-
sired and a great deal of interest was
manifested in the work done by the gym
naSium pupils.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
NEW YEARS nv PEKIN.
Discharge of Guns Causes Scare
French Snub English.

PeI1in, Jan. 1.-The advent of the new
year and the new century was cele-
brated in Pekin in an elaborate scale.
The discharge of numerous guns at
midnight created a scare and many
trOpS were sent TO discover whether
the city had been attacked or whether
il was a. Boxer rising.
General Chaffee held his reception in
the morning and Mr.. COnger in the
afternoon
a feature which caused considerable
comment was q review of the British
troops in honor of Queen Victoria, and
of the Australian federation, to which
all the nations were invited to send
representatives. The French were con-
spicuOus by their absence, not a
Frenchman being present at the re-
view.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
MURDERER TRIES TO DIE.
Edward Rice in Boise Attempts to
Cheat the Hangmau.

Boise, Ida, Jan. Edward Rice, a
murderer under sentence of death, at
tempted to commit suicide in his cell in
the penitentiary- He cut a cash ten
inches long across his throat, severing
his windpIpe. The wheeling sound made
by the wind passing through the wound
attracted the attention of a guard.
The man is in a critical condition.
I--ca was convicted of the murder of
Matt Mailey IN Wallace in October last,
and was to have been hanged yesterday,
but an appeal stayed the execution.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
Cray and Crig9er.
SHOOTING TOURNAMENT.
Snarp's Team Won by a Close Margin
Yesterday.

The Salt Lake Gun clue celebrated New
Years day by a team shoot al their trap
on lower state street Among the mem
-= la- 2 ms were known as the Og-
-- tam au- lne Salt Lake team J
j. Pa. cHutaiued the former and Cal
,r..--.- the latter The weather was a
-...- .rIa for shooting, but as the atmGs-
L..s" WAS clear and crisp tine targets
wen. Very plain and this iu part accounts
-"' Oh. good scores made. The records
I-... H- the Two -eamS were remarkably
...-. total ot a&2 for SharD's team
. -si Tor Collisions. the former
WINNINGS oEr by one lone bird Each con
-.---. shot ut fifty targets and J. r
- Won the Individual score with a
l... .. EErrL-ai-ht-
'..-- tho team shoot was com9Ieted
S-E-.a. MINOR matches were shot of The
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02

Chorus from Tannhauser, number i'm
mensely enjoyed
Bishop o. F. Whitney followed. recit-
inc Tenn-son's ode to the New Year,
from In Memoriam," in very artistic
style
The 0uartette composed of Messrs.
Whitney. Piper, Spencer and Patrick,
rendered charmingly The Flag without
a Stain. followed by the choir singing
the "Halleluiah Chorus.
Professor Mcclellan played Lemarefs
''AndantinO-To My Wire in which the
most -,o-foct effe0as TO be obtained on
the great organ are heard, and at its
close the introduction Of Joseph Ridges
described in another part of the paper, as
the builder of the tabernacle organ, took
place.
This incident over the choir and con-
gTegatiOn arose together and sang
America" benediCtiOn being pronounced
by Apostle Brigham Young.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
Brady eoes to Cincinnati.

New York. Jan. William A Brady
who is to have the management of the
coming championship match between Jim
JeHI1es and Gus Rubin, VIII leave for
cincinnati tomorrow. Brady says that
on account OF the conflicting attractions
II IS probable that the date of the fight
may be changed to take place earlier than
Feb. Is. the date set
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
FootBall 80 = Broksn.

Portland ore. Jan 1.-The teams Of the
N-u.tuumaha club and the Salem Athletic
cub PLAYED football IN three inches OF
snow this afternoon
The cOnditi. of the grounds was such
That no brilliant plays We're possible ard
neither side scored. Beers kerriSdU. Iull-
Ilck of the NulinOmdhs s.. AMI champion
Ii-h Jumper OF the Pacific coast, had his
L. nrnken.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
MCFARLAND Rested

Erie. Pa. Jan Tom Couhig got the
decision over Kid Mcfarland OF New
ora IN a tWenJy-TOund fight at the
LAKESIDE club toright From the first
tap OF the bell COuhig forced matters
At the finish both men We're III good con-
dltion, but the referee awarded the de
cision to COuhig. Mcfarland fight was
defensive one from the start.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
PERSONAL MENTION.

c. A Craeber returned last evening,
after an absence of seven months IN Eu-
office
Frank Mcguire, manager of the Inter
mountain Catholic. has returned from u
months trip TO Colorado and eastern
nOintS in the interest of his paper. He
was stricken by d severe illness while at
T,esdvilIe but is now entirely recovered
Mr.. +. A. Mock received telegram
e.. Denver yesterday announcing the
death of his mother
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
Killed bv a Burglar

Pueblo. Colo, Jan. Waiter g Cas-
ley, a druggist, was shot through the
head and instantly killed in his store this
morning by a burglar The body was
found by a clerk in the employ of Casley
VIII he entered the store at $50 a. m.
t. cash register had been rifed and
every pocket in the murdered mans
clothes had been turned inside out. The
murderer escaped.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02

MANAGER swan OF the Provo football
...rr -1.nr yesterday iu the city lie
s..reF Ina. his team had oisbanded for
frs wear and had no opportunity 10 show
g,Hat ID could du the past season on dc-
r4.nr of not having 81 coach. Next season
provo VIII have one of the strongest
r..su- in the state and viii he after cham
F...#SHIu luuuTS-
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
PueIIIsm.
Harry Stone Well AGAIN.

Harry Stone well known among the
tOcal sporting fraternity, spent the hCli-
GAYS IN the city visiting his mother. Mr.
stone was taken sick in the Reed hotel
a rev weeks ago and has spent some time
IN the Ogden hospital, bu1 now declares
tnat ne Is again q well man and will be
heard from in local sporting circles.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
PLAYED in Four Inches Of Snow.

Seattle. Wash Jan IA picked team
from the Multuomah Athletic club Of
Portland defeated III" AN-Seartle team
here toCay at Tire athletic park by q
.HTa OF u 90 o. No score was made lu
The Hrzt half. BUT I'D the second the Wis
irnr- crossed The Seattle line twice.
lu1rucmah won by good t-dm work. The
game was PLAYED in four inches of snow.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
Marquis Stays to Face Crisis.

London. Jan 2-The MARQUIS of Duff
fern and Ava has withdrawn MS reSlS-
nation of the, craftsmanship Of the London
and Globe Finance corporation, limited,
and postponed his departure for south
At-:ce- in order to meet the shareholders
and consider the position of the COM
pany.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
Second Ward Operetta.
Death of MIS-. WooIIev.

Mrs Caroline P. WOOlley. widow OF the
late Bishop WOolley of the Ninth ward,
died yesterday al her home in this CitV. of
old age. Deceased was one of the Utah
pioneers The funeral viii be held from
the Ninth ward assembly rooms next
Friday at il d. m.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
PASTORS REFUSE TO
BACK SALO0N-SMASHER

Wichita, Kan, Jan. 1.-At the regular
wichita held today, a resolution com
mendin- the action of Mrs. Carrie Ma
ton. in smashing saloon furniture, was
defeated bv an Overwhelming majority
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
Crops Good in Merico.

Phoenix, Ariz., Jan. /1.-Advices from
northern Mexico state that crops all over
that republic IS heavy this year owing
70 prolonged season of damp weather.
Reports that there is financial depression
in certain sections of Mexico are denied.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02

Waithour. 1906; Kaser. s906; McEach-
ern- 1906; StinsOn. 1906 Mclean 1905;
9owney. $685. Fischer. 1906; Babcocks
0S0.l; Muller. 389.4. GOugoltz 3001 mot
riding: Frederick 2S9.2. mot riding); Ry-.
ser, 55. mot riding; Accoutrier. 225-6,
Got riding).
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02

Sporting Editor Herald:
To further the local interest in hand
ball ! desire to challenge any single
handed PLAYER in the state to play a
schedule of games. to take place at any
time in the near future. Very truly
yours. BERT RASMU SSEN.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
Attention. knights Of Pythias.

The X. of ?. lodges Of Salt Lake City
will jointly install their officers on
Thursday evening. Jan. Sd. All Knights
are cordially invited to attend.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
Yale Defeated at Basket Bali.
HandbaIl Challenge.

Chicago. Jan. 1-Yale's basket ball
t=l--- was defeated tonight by the RAJ
venswOod Y. NJ g A. team, % to A.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
MOUNTAIN STATES
MINE STRIKE IMPEyDS
Colorado Coal Miners Ask an
Increase of Pay.
DEMAND is REFUSED
DENVER Is LIKELY TO SUFFER
FROM COAL FAMINE.

Louisville, Colo, Dec. 31.-At a meet
ing of representatives from every coal
camp in northern Colorado here today it
was decided to demand an increase OF 10
cents GeT ton for leaders.
The mines were idle today, and the
men say they Will stay out until the
adv@nc1 is granted.
Denver, Colo. Dec. 51.-President James
Cannon of the Northern Coal company.
when asked concerning the demands of
the miners represented at the Louisville
meeting said that he knew very little
f-b@':t the grievances of the miners in
northern Colorado.
4 have been out Of the city" said he,
and just learned there was a meeting
OF miners at Louisville. The miners, as
l understand ii, want an increase OF
wages
III you grant it?" was asked
No" replied President Cannon. 1.-THE
MIXERS seem TO think the cold weather
viii bring US to terms right away, but
they are mistaken. I know OF no zeal
grievances in the district"
The Northern Coal fields supply Den
yer almost entirely with soft sOal and it
Is understood that not mere than enough
to last two weeks is in store. so that
Denver would suffer greatly from a strike
IN that section, and especially if the
present cold spell is prolonged. A large
number of miners are employed in the
northern coal mines.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
Football.
CHRISTIANS WIN FINAL GAME
LAT SECOND HIGH SCHOOL
D BY CLOSE SCORE.
..tber Conditions Not FavoraOle
Good Footba IA kicking
Contest With Plenty Of FumolsS'

ar.ltrou covered with snow ana
thermometer below the IIeeIii7
frr % small crowd Witnessed 1ile clo9
.r the local football season 2ea1er-
,- afternoon. The contesIihs Teams
-. the second elevens OF the J. N. =.
and the HIgh ochool an M &c rI..,.
- a.a--ed 20 Walker :. Inc "Ca-lll-
WIS f-s.rz such that Il was lmpOS-
t-- ..l- any KIND OF BAH ana me
s-ur- r1rlrtd u q dlinCulJ matter 10 put
s.a- -.-.r INFO The game. me BAH was
aug with q coating OF snow ana Ice
t.- r--uIr tnar Iumbles were the
F.-- Of me contest ana II would De Il
tier 10 decide when eleven car
s----- - inc h0nOrs IN this direction.
d. ,.-l the iaJler part on inc cohIcSe
--'--- rr-5rLad to a kicking game and
l'.- --rrIa Il LOGGED more like game OF
-.- s.-ou r9otoau IMAM the Soou oiu
article r.. Han -. 5caooI put the ball in play,
-.-frg- the JhTlSuans on thelf own
t'h'---- line The latter team car
i"..' ball to a touchdown IN htteen
l--- during which time they lost &c
rumble and once Oh downs:
80. rEs CHRISTIANS fuii pach' scored
49, .....r-govy4 but missed goal, making
lt- .l al d. 10 20. winch stood until the
es OIL unal ume Ia eif The IL hest TOT Of he
y -..-r I'm. seemed TO go through tneit
'-77.~-a~Te-. line without HUCI IIO5Dl--
S rr. second MALT the Hlsh oGhool pay
1- -,.l- q. nr4c- ANA diIhouSh the oval
t.s leo'- -t.-.f-. territory a greater part OF
vas nm ~ made an even break, of the
1nr .li-. .,>....rb.r Team seemed 10 be able
l.ll li-- zre of any consequence By
u "l,'H' 77.r[rs win me result Jnat z
D, t.ai o,.''rre-t between the fulibacks
iaae 5ac5 without either E S59e b s9liiI1 aGG
any a--..4+gb schools Iorty-yard me at
lAy GU. me last had Thomas OF he \
81 - received an ugly cash over Yer, INC ne
- while at the bottom on d SUI
g r.r5rsG iu favor of Wade 49,
I'm - he beginning OF the season the ssI.
H.. teams were bitter rivals vas ii nv Ton M
-- t-' .lfl for them 10 meet for fear
- ,r. -lme would end i'm Tree for
al e1. but the last game o5 the .5 55 49,,
- them the best OF friends anu 1heiI
-..--. ~ ,,.srerdav was entirely devoid
a.. Unfair playing by any OF the contest
ant .1- r;,a-,r, and Of
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02

following is the detailed score of each
team as well as the individual members;
Ogden Team.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-01-02
GREETING TO The WORLD
FROM PRESIDENT SNOW

Continued from Page j.
The Washington times. (Washington [D.C.]) 1901-1902, 1901-08-11
SPLIT ON HANNA's PICTURE.
One Incident Said to Have Influenced
Navy Yard Nnchinists.

The proposed organization of the en-
ployes of the navy yards and arsenals
Independent of the machinists organiza-
displeasure of James O'ConneH, President
of the International Association of Ma
chnists. Columbia Lodge, No. ia, of the
latter organization, in a resolution adopt
ed at a recent meeting, condemns the pro-
posed association as a movement of dis
credited members and former members
of the international Association of Ma
chinsts.
President O'Connell takes the same
view and states that the dissatisfied men
father the movement because they have
not been permitted to run the regular or
ganization to suit themselves. He gives
it as his opinion that the proposed con-
Germ is barred from admission into the
ranks of the American Federation of La
Dor because of the fundamental princi-
pies of the Federation.
AIR. OConnell objects to a statement
made by John Simmering, President of
the new organization. to the effect that
Mr. Gompers and himself opposed a fif-
teen-day leave bill offered by a local
lodge. lie claims that he aided. to the
extent of his power and with funds Of
the International Association of Machin-
lists. the passage of the bill
The cause of the difficulties with Mr.
Simmering. Mr. OConnelI stated, is due
to the fact that the displeasure of Mr.
fusal of Mr.. O'Connell TO permit a pic
ture of Marcus \. Hanna to be published
in the official ma gazine as Il means or
boosting Mr.. Simmering politically
The Washington times. (Washington [D.C.]) 1901-1902, 1901-08-11
A CHINAMAN WINS HIS CASE.
Lee Sings Oath Denying Any Gam
Hing interests Accepted.

IL. A Taylor, Assistant Secretary of TIKI
Treasury, has reversed the decision of the
Commissioner of immigration in the case
of Lee Sing, returning Chinese mer-
chant, who has been endeavoring TO ob-
tain admission at San Francisco Inc
latest order directs that he be admitted
Sing has been admitted at San Fran
cisco under the law applying to the sta
tus of Chinese merchants. He was re-
turning TO this country. where he mad
lived previously after visit to China
There was no question OF MS right 10
land. under the law. as the fact that ne
was "A merchant was plainly established
The point under consideration was wheth-
or not he was concerned in one OF the
big gambling houses in San Francisco
The Bureau Of immigration held thdt ne
was.
Mr. Taylor, in reversing the decision OF
the Bureau stated that Sing swore that
he had no connection with the concern.
His own place Of business was In the
same building with the gambling place.
but that was no evidence that ne was IN
any way connected with the gambling
house and Sing wss accordingly allowed
to land.
The Washington times. (Washington [D.C.]) 1901-1902, 1901-08-11
VALUABLE COAL LANDS SOLD.
New York Syndicate Purchase.
Large West Virginia Interests.

CONNELLSVILLE, Pa, Aug. 1o.-Ne-
gotiatiors have been completed between
local capitalists and New York syndi-
cate for the transfer of extensive coal in
terests in the Clarkshurg district, West
Virginia. The transaction involves more
than S5(9,090.
L. f. Ruth and Rockwell Marietta. chief
holders in the Colonial Coal and Coke
Company, returned last night from New
York They have sold all the holdings of
the Colonial Company comprising more
than 5000 acres of Pittsburg vein coal
land and three active mining plants. The
plants are known as Clair, Rockwell, and
/ LiufOrd. The sale also includes the rights
of the Pennington and Aston Railroad
Company. which were obtained recently
by company acting under a state char
ter The road will not be built and the
rights will be turned over to the Balti-
more and Ohio Railroad, which Will build
spur into the field known as the Simp-
son Creek branch.
The men Interested IN the TRANSACTION
are those who recently engineered the
consolidation Of the mining interests Of
the Fairmont coal field.
President Watson of the fairmont Coal
! Company will also be the head of the new
! concern, which will absorb all the mining
| interests of the Clarksburg field. and
I which will probably be known as the
/ Clarksburg Coal Company. The tract
I owned by the Colonial people was pur-
] chased by them about two years ago and
| has been greatly improved. All the plants
] are new and fitted with the latest ma
! chinery They have a daily output of
more than 100 cars The other stOckhold-
/ ers in the concern are the following
named:
I Clair Stnwagon. L. X Dick. a. D. sois-
SON. and J. NJ. Grey. all Of Conne!lsVllS.
representatives Of the syndicate are in
/ the coal field while others are nesotiat-
/ ing with capitalists in Fayette County
( Pa. who have extensive mining interests
sales are expected at any time.
The Washington times. (Washington [D.C.]) 1901-1902, 1901-08-11

passed on the circuit The fact that the
racing board of the National Cycling As
ISOLATION has determined to run profess
sional and amateur racing upon strictly
square and business-lilIe basis has gained
for the sport a confidence among its fol-
lowers which is very strong and not easy
to shake AS result, the weekly at
tendance is very large and undoubtedly
quite profitable.
A great card was provided Friday night
In VIII Stnson and Archie McEachern
in the twenty motor-paced race.
There was a strong desire to see the
great Cambridgeport boy, Stinson. who
has so rapidly and so brilliantly worked
himself W. to a commanding position
among the cracks, and the announcement
of his appearance here drew one of the
biggest crowds the bowl has had this
season. and that is saying a good deal,
for there have been some big crowds
at the weekly meets.
Stinson's work was wonderful. and he
fully deserves all that has been said and
written about his great speed and endur-
ance. He and all the other big flyers will
put in next week at Buffalo at the great
professional meet.
The next races at the Coliseum are
scheduled for August %. and a big card of
amateur and professional events is prom
Used.
The Washington times. (Washington [D.C.]) 1901-1902, 1901-08-11
AFTER AFRICAN TRADE.
Canada Expects to Get That of the
TransyaaI.

MONTREAL, Aug. 9.-James Cumming
the Canadian trade commissioner, has
written to a Brockville correspondent,
saying that the demands Of the military
for wharfage and transportation check
and block ordinary trade at all ports, but
that when peace is restored and the
Trsnsvaal mines are producing. there
will be an immense market for Canadian
lumber, furniture, carriages, agricultural
implements, boots and shoes. mining ma
chinery, and electric and steam railway
supplies. The mines in johannesburg
have been largely worked by engineers
from New England and California he
says. and through them has been fos-
tered the demand for American ma
chinery. ! find that trade does not so
much follow the flag as 1t does the active
emigrants from manufacturing countries.
Canadian goods are coming In to con-
siderable extent via New York, and are
classed as American, but direct commune
cation Is essential.