davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

MRS. J.. T. WHITSON. Bruneau. Idaho:
Requests for the poems you mention were
made on this page more than a year ago
and no reply was received. 1t seems thar
The School Girls Tour" and "The Modern
David" are not well known. 1t may be.
however. that the poems are too long for
use on this page.
Reader. Hopkinsville. KY: The poem
You Kissed Me-" by Josephine Hunt, has
been published in these columns.
Mrs. Robert Martin. CarrolIton. Mo-: The
poem you ask fog. "Chickadee-dee." begin
ming:
The ground vas all covered with snow one day,
And two little sisters were busy at play.
Il much too long for use on this page. It
was one Of the selections in McGufey's old
Fourth Reader II memory is correct.
Henry Howell, Columbia Falls, Mont:
"st. Peter at the Gate" was not published
In these columns, one reason for withhold
ing 1t being that It was too long.
Subscriber. Sedalia. Mo-: The poem You
mention. in which occur these lines:
The hand that rocks the cradle
Is the hand that rules the world.
Was written by William Ross Wallace OF
New York.
Mrs. U. D., st. Louis: Victor Hugo's fine
book. "Ninety-three." contains the story Of
how one man had-a battle. on shipboard.
with a cannon and conquered 1t.
D.. B.. Fort Smith, Ark. "Will you kindly
mention some eight or ten books which one
should read who desires to secure a COM
mand Of good English. classical and force
full"
Read Addison, Goldsmith, MacauIay,
Thackeray. Bolingbroke. Boswell. Irving.
Hawthorne. and. Of the more modern writ
era. Robert Louis Stevenson and Walter
Pater. Hawthorne 10 considered the best
stylist Of America.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07
Unfortunate Economic
Condition of the Jews.

The economic condition Of the Jews in the
large Eastern European Ghettos is. nat
urally. extremely bad. Huddled together. Ell
! Their In certain districts Of large towns or
in villages where they form the greater
part Of the population. they are compelled
to live of and on each other. Crowded into
certain walks Of life by anti-Jewish legisla-
ton or anti-Jewish sentiment. few of them
can gain more than sufficient to keep body
and soul together. In Galicia 1t has been
estimated that 5000 Jews perish every year
from typhus fever. The Jewish wax miners
in Boryslav. to take but one instance. were
forced out Of the mines and reduced to
utter starvation. for no other reason but
because they were Jews TIL failure OF
the harvests in Southern Russia during the
last few years has reduced the wage-earn-
ers In that part Of the country to the po-
sition of dependents Upon the charity OF
others, but the Jews who live there In such
large numbers do not even benefit from the
assistance sent by the Government. Similar
conditions prevail Utmost continually In the
rest Of the Russian pale and in Roumania.
The standard Of life has naturally been
lowered among these people. and their gen.
unscathed.
Nor must It be forgotten that the violent
dislocation Of hundreds OF thousands of
people, such as has taken place among the
Jews during the last quarter Of the Nine
teenth Century. has naturally disturbed ex-
isting economic conditions. not only among
the Jews themselves. but also among those
into whose midst they came.
New Ghettos, however. were formed in
nearly all the cities to which these immi-
grants came: and this name or the habitat
Of the poorer Jews became again familiar.
aided by the popularity which some modern
novelist had given to II. In the Middle
Ages and Down to our own time the Jews
had been forced by the State to live apart
in such Ghettos; sometimes for their own
protection. sometimes to preserve the out
side world from contact with them. The
modern Ghetto is q voluntary gathering OF
the Jews for the purpose of mutual help and
from a feeling of reciprocal obligations. To
the outside observer it presents an unsighlly
appearance; it Is the abode of poor people,.
and its population Is usually strange In
dress, manners and speech. The sweating
system (Which in one form or another Is to
be found in all these Ghettos) has been a
dreadful Incentive toward grinding the face
Of the poor; and the results of too great a
boarding are often quite apparent, 50 that
the general morality Of the Jews IN these
Ghettos has suffered In consequence. A
people ignorant Of the language Of their new
hume are . prey to the eyl-iutendeds WIN
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07

Of orthodox congregations was formed in
New York two or three years ago, and 1t
Is hoped that this organization will do
much TOWARD binding together the very
many congregations of those who adhere
strictly to traditional Judaism.
But the organization of Jews as a church
has not been found sufficient. Spread over
so large a portion OF the earth and COM
ing under such varying influences. 1t was
inevitable that the theological differences
which already existed should grow apace
and a great cleavage be made between the
orthodox and the reform wing Of the syna-
EoEue.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07
"A Song of Tears.

A singer sang q song Of tears,
And the great world heard and wept,
For he sang Of the sorrows of fieeting years
And the hopes which the dead past kept.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07

Facsimile copy of the letter which Sir Julian Paunceots British Amba~ado to the United
Shes has sent to Secretary of State SmB Cook in acknowledgment of ter resolutions of condo
Ince conveyed by the General Assembly to King Edward II uponth h death Of Queen Victoria:
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07

Reader. Hopkinsville. KY: The poem
You Kissed Me-" by Josephine Hunt, has
been published in these columns.
The St. Louis Republic. [volume] (St. Louis, Mo.) 1888-1919, 1901-04-07

csatissss g fass $500
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-12-04

effectiveness that Of any country in the
civilized world. Nothing could be more
unwise than for isolated communities
to continue to learn everything exper-
mentally, instead of prodting by what
is already known elsewhere. We are
dealing with a new and momentous
question. in the pregnant years while
Institutions are forming. and what we
do viii affect not only the present. bur
future generations.
Our aim should be not simply TO =
= reclaim the largest area of land ,
= and provide homes for the largest =
y number of people, but to create ?
= for this new industry the best pos ,
= sible social and Industrial cOndi- =
, tons; and this requires that we =
= not only understand the existing ?
= situa ton, but avail ourselves of =
= the best experience Of the time in >
= the solution OF its problems. A >
= careful study should be made, :
y both by the nation and the states. =
y of the irrigation laws and cOndi- ,
' lions here and abroad. Ultimately :
= il viii probably be necessary for ?
= the nation to cooperate with the >
= several arid states in proportion ?
= as these states. BY their legislation =
= and administration, show them >
3 selves mt TO receive it. =
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-12-04
NAVY AND ARMY SHOULD BE PLACED AT
HIGH STANDARD OF EFFICIENCY

The work Of upbuilding the navy
must be steadily continued. No one
point of our policy, foreign or domestic,
is more important than this to the
honor and material welfare, and above
all to the peace, of our nation in the
future. Whether we desire it or not.
we must henceforth recognize that we
have international duties no less than
International rights. Even if our flag
were hauled down in the Philippines
and Porto Rico, even if we decided not
to build the isthmian canal, we should
need a thoroughly trained navy of ade-
quate size, or else be prepared def
nitely and for all time to abandon the
idea that our nation is among those
whose sons go down to the sea in
ships Unless our commerce is always
to be carried in foreign bottoms, we
must have war craft to protect it.
= Inasmuch, however, as the =
= American people have no thought ,
= Of abandoning the path upon =
= which they have entered, and es- =
= peeially Ia view of the fact that >
= the building of the isthmian canal ,
= is fast becoming one of the mat >
? ters which the whole people are
= united in demanding, it is impera- ,
= tive that our navy should be put ,
: and kept in the highest state of 2
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-12-04
NECESSITY OF BUILDING
THE IsTHMIAN CANAL.

No single great material work which
remains to be undertaken on this con-
tinent is OF such consequence TO the
American people as the building of
canal across the isthmus connecting
North and South America. It's import
ance to the nation is by no mans lime
tied merely to its material effects upon
our business prosperity; and yet with
view to these effects alone it would he
TO the last degree important for US ilu-
mediately to begin it. While its ben
ehcial effects would perhaps be most
marked upon the Pacific coast and the
Gulf and South Atlantic states. it
would also greatly benefit other sec
tons Il is emphatically a work which
s. IS for the interest Of the entire coun-
try TO begin and complete as soon as
possible; 1t IS one Of those great works
which only a great nation can under
take with prospects Of success, and
which when done are not only perma-
nent assets in the nations material in
.erests, but standing monuments to its
constructive ability.
I am glad to be able to announce to
you that our negotiations on this sub
sect WITH Great Britain, conducted on
both sides in a spirit Of friendliness
and mutual good viii and respect, have
resulted in nv being able to lay before
the senate a treaty which if ratified
viii enable US to begin preparations
for an isthmian canal at any time, and
which guarantees to this nation every
right that it has ever asked in connec-
ton with the canal In this treaty. the
old Clayton Bulwer treaty. so long rec
Ognized as inadequate to supply the
base for the construction and main
tenance of a necessarily American ship
canal. is abrOgated. It specifically pro-
vides that the United States alone shall
do the work Of building and assume the
responsibility Of safeguarding the canal
and shall regulate it's neutral use by
all nations on terms of equality without
the guaranty or interference of any
outside nation from any quarter. The
signed treaty viii at once be laid be-
fore the senate, and if approved the
congress can then proceed to give ef-
feet to the advantages it secures us by
providing for the building Of the canal
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-12-04

all shippers, localities and commodities
should be accorded equal treatment.
A commission was created and en-
dowed with what were supposed to be
the necessary powers to execute the
provisions of this act.
That law was largely an experiment.
Experience has shown the wisdom of
its purposes. but has also shown. pos
sibly that some Of its requirements are
wrong, certainly that the means de-
Vised for the enforcement of its pro-
visions are defective. Those who com
plain of the management of the rail-
ways allege that established rates are
not maintained; that rebates and SIM
liar devices are habitually resorted to;
that these preferences are usually in
favor OF the large shipper; that they
drive out of business the smaller COM
petitor; that while many rates are too
low, many others are excessive, and
that gross preferences are made, af-
fecting both localities and commod-
tiles
Upon the other hand. the railways
assert that the law by its very terms
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-12-04
BENEFICIAL RESULTS OF
OUR FINANCIAL POLICY.

The act of March IA. 1900, intended
uneQUivOcally to establish gold as the
standard money and to maintain at d
parity herewith all forms of money
medium in use with us, has been shown
to be timely and judiciOUs. The price
of our government bonds in the world s
market, when compared with the
price of similar obligations issued by
other nations. is Il fiattering tribute to
our public credit. This condition it is
evidently desirable to maintain.
In many respects the national bank
ing law furnishes sufficient liberty for
the proper exercise of the banking
function. but there seems to be need
Of better safeguards against the de-
ranging influence of commercial crises
and financial panics. Moreover, the
currency Of the country should be
made responsive to the demands of
our dom sstic trade and commerce.
The collections from duties on inn
ports and internal taxes continue to
exceed the ordinary expenditures of
the government. thanks mainly to the
reduced army expenditures. The ut
most care should be taken not 10 re-
duce the revenues so that there viii be
any possibility of a deficit but, after
providing against any such COntin-
gency. means should be adopted which
win bring the revenues more nearly
within the limit of our actual needs.
In his report TO the congress the sec
rotary OF the treasury considers all
these questions at length. and I ask
your attention to the report and rec
concentrations.
I call special attention TO the need
Of strict economy in expenditures. The
fact that our national needs forbid US
70 be niggardly in providing whatever
is actually necessary to our well-being
should make us dOubly careful to hus-
band our national resources, as each
Of US husbands his private resources,
by sorupulous avoidance of anything
like wastefui or reckless expenditure
Only by avoidance Of spending money
on what is needless or unjustifable
can we legitimately keep our income 10
the point required to meet cur needs
that are genuine.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-12-04

In the arid states the only right to
water which should be recognized is
that of use. In irrigation this right
should attach to the land reclaimed
and be inseparable theFefrom. Grant
ing perpetual wafer rights TO others
than users. without compensation to
the public is open to all the objections
which apply to Swing away perpetual
franchises to the public utilities Of
cities. A few OF the western states
have already recognized this, and have
incorporated in their constitutions the
doctrine Of perpetual state ownership
Of water.
More Work Yet Ahead.
The benefits which have followed the
unaided development Of the past jus
tify the nations aid and cooperation
in the more difficult and important
work yet TO be accomplished. Laws so
vitality affecting homes as those which
control the water supply viii only be
effective when they have the sanction
of the irrigators; reforms can only be
final and satisfactory when they come
through the enlightenment of the peo-
pie most concerned. The larger devel-
Opment which national aid insures
should. however. awaken in every arid
state the determination to make its IT.
rigation system equal in justice and
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-12-04

self, and unless he so works no out
side help can avail him: but each man
must remember also that he is indeed
his brothers Keeper. and that while no
man who refuses to walk can be car
ried with advantage to himself or any
one else, yet that each at times stun
bles or hats that each at times needs
20 have the helping hand outstretched
TO him. To be permanently effective.
aid must always take the form Of help
ing a msn TO help himself; and we can
all best help ourselves by joining to-
gether in the work that is of common
interest to all
Our present immigration laws are
unsatisfactory. We need every honest
and efficient immigrant fitted TO be-
come an American citizen, every immi-
grant who comes here to stay, who
brings here a strong body. q stout
heart, a good head, and a resolute pUT-
pose to do his duty well in every way
and to bring up his children as law
abiding and GOd-fearing members Of
the community But thpFo should be a
comprehensive laW enacted with the
object Of working a three-fOld improve
ment over our present system. First,
we should aim to exclude absolutely
not only all persons who are known to
be believers in anarchistiC principles or
members Of anarchistic societies, but
also all persons who are of a low
moral tendency or Of unsavOTy Teput5-
ton. This means that we should re
qUire a more thorough system Of in
spectiOn abroad and d more rigid sys-
TEN of examination at our immigra-
tiou ports, the former being especially
necessary.
Keep Out Undesirable Foreigners.
The second object Of a proper immi-
grafton law ought to be to secure by 4
careful and not merely perfunctory ed
Vocational test some intelligent capacity
to appreciate American institutions and
act sanely as American citizens. This
would not keep out all anarchists, for
many Of them belong to the intelligent
criminal class. But it would do what is
also in point that is. tend to decrease
the sum Of ignorance. so potent in pro-
duciug the envy, suspicion, malignant
passion. and hatred OF order, out of
which anarchistic sentiment inevitably
springs.
Finally, all persons should be eX-
cluded who are below a certain stan
dard OF economic fitness to enter our
Industrial field as competitors with
American labor Ihere should De prop
er proof of personal capacity TO earn
an American living and enough money
to insure a decent start under Amer
lean conditions. This would stop the
influx Of cheap labor, and the resulting
competition which gives rise to so
much of bitterness in American indus
trial life: and it would dry up the
springs Of the pestilential social con-
ditions III our great cities, where an
archistic organizations have their
greatest possibility Of growth.
Both the educational and economic
tests in a wise immigration law should
be designed to protect and elevate the
general body polite and social A very
close supervision should be exercised
ever the steamship companies which
mainly bring over the immigrants. and
they should be held to a strict accOun-
liability for any infraCtion of the law.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-12-04

should be a good employer. If posi-
bic legislation should be passed. in
connection with the interstate com
merce law. which win render effective
the efforts of different states to do
away with the competition Of convict
contract labor in the open labor mar
ket. So far as practicable under the
conditions of government work pro-
vision should be made to render che
enforcement OF the eight-hour law easy
and certain. In all industries carried
on directly or indirectly for the United
States government women and chill
dren should be protected from excess
i've hours Of labor, from night work,
and from work under unsanitary. c0ndi-
tons.
Governments Duty Toward Labor.
The government should provide in its
contracts that all work should be done
under fair conditions. and in addi-
tion TO setting a high standard should
uphold it by proper inspection. extend
ing # necessary to the sub-contractOrs.
The government should forbid All night
work for women and children, as well
as excessive overtime. For the District
of Columbia a good factory law should
be passed; and, as a powerful iniirect
atd TO such laws, provision shOu be
made to turn the Inhabited alleys TIE
existence Of which is a TepTOaCh to our
capital city. into minor streets, Wnere
the lnha bitan,s can live under cOndi-
tons favorable to health and morals.
American wage-wOrkers work with
their heads as we'll as their hands
Moreover. they take a keen pride in
what they are doing; 50 that, indepen-
dent Of the reward, they wish to turn
out a perfect job. This is the great
secret Of our success IN competition
with the labor of foreign countries.
The most vital problem with which
this country and for that matter the
whole civilized world, has to deal, is the
problem which has for one side the bet
terment Of social conditions, moral and
physical, in large cities, and for an
other side the effort to deal with that
tangle OF far-reaching questions which
we group together when we speak Of
Tabor" The chief factor in the sue
cess Of each mau-wage- worker, farm
er and capitalist alike-must ever be
the sum total OF his owp individual
qualities and abilities. Second only to
this comes the power Of acting IL COM
binatiOn or association with others.
Very great good has been and win be
accomplished by associations or unions
VI wage " hcISs WHEN AiuAld6Cu " III
fOreJhOught. anG when they combine
insistence upon their own rights with
lava biding respect for the rights Of
others. The display of these qualities
in such bodies is a duty TO the nation
no less than to the associations them
selves. Finally, there must also in
many cases be action by the govern
ment in order to safeguard the rights
and interests OF all Under our consti-
tuition there is much more scope for
such action by the state and the nlu-
nicipality than by the nation. But on
points such as those touched on above
the national government can act
The Rule of Brotherhood.
When all is SAID and done. the rule
Of Brotherhood remains as the indis
Ilehsable prerequisite to success in the
kind Of national life for which we
strive. Each man must work for him
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1901-12-04
RECIPROCITY MUST NOT BE PERMITTED
TO ENDANGER OUR HOME INDUSTRIES

should be utterly Insignificant in COM
pa son 10 that of other nations which
VT oveTtOp in other forms Of business.
We should not longer submit to cOndi-
tiOns under which only a trifiing pOr-
ton of our great commerce is carried
in our own ships. To remedy this state
Of things would not merely serve to
build up our shipping interests, but it
would also result in benefit to all who
are interested in the permanent estab-
lishment of a wider market for Amer
lean products. and would provide an
auxiliary force for the navy. Ships
work for their own countries just as
railroads work for their terminal
points. Shipping lines. if established
20 the principal countries with which
we have dealings, would be Of political
as we'll as commercial benefit. From
every standpoint it is unwise for the
United States to continue to rely upon
the ships Of competing nations for the
distribution of our goods. 1t should
be made advantageous TO carry Amer
lean goods in American built ships.
At present American shipping is I'M
der certain great disadvantages when
put in competition with the shipping
Of foreign countries. Many Of the fast
foreign steamships. at a speed of four
teen knots or above, are subsidized;
and all ships. sailing vessels and steam
ers alike, cargo carriers Of slow speed
and mail carriers Of high speed, have
to meet the fact that the original cost
of building American ships is greater
than is the case abroad: that the wages
paid American officers and seamen are
very much higher than those paid the
officers and seamen OF foreign compel
ing countries; and that the standard of
living on our ships is far superior to
the standard Of living on the ships Of
our commercial rivals.
Our government should take such ac-
ton as viii remedy these inequalities.
The American merchant marine should
be restored to the ocean.