The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1900-01-03
AUTOMOBILE VS.. HORSE.
SCIENTIFIC DEDUCTIONS AS TO COM.
PARATlVE COST OF THE TWO.

The Adoption of the Electrically Pro-
PEELED Vehicles For Delivery Purposes
Seems to Be Only u Question of Time
Cheaper Than Horse Service.
Comte de Chasseloup Laubat's re.
cent success with an electric automo-
bile has attracted considerable atten-
| tion to electrically propelled vehicles,
| and therefore the results of, extensive
experiments conducted recently by G
F. Sever and r. A. Fliess,, of Colum-
bia University, and communicated to
the American Institute of Electrical
Engineers, will prove of unusual in
terest.
The work done by horse in NOV
ing vehicle over level ground con-
sists in overcoming resistance to mo-
ton due to friction. It may be con-
veniently expressed in foot pounds.
When grades, are encountered the
number of foot pounds OF work per-
formed in Che same distance will in.
crease. Thia aditioSal work is nee.
essary to oYereane thu force of grav-
tity. {, When bn descahd ip zde the
horse ,does work in rssi sistih Zen,
:dency sot the hicle aecelk te.:
| Hence when in iii me- ton ks ee
continns dDing' wor s g!
amount 81 w6rk perfo5 g hi y
lin a day Us very vafia nifty.
/ Itdspenda upop many some 6
sof which ara s.
e. Kind ofroad surface cad AM
! phaltsetc.
:. The seondi dition 81 81 y ths q ad - Il & sYslsd
Tope of Tue esS'l' y jlsssaaa /;
Nature oe ethe Load: &c! lssf 81
Distribnsion Of the load I on 81 the
wheels. 81
The horse ;itse III. S2s,S3 81
The results herewith presented
were obtained in an inyest ationl
which was undertak I'd determine
as closely as possible aysrags
amount OF work 4perf0ri med ~
certain lot OF horse ) He'd y M ! l,s y!
delivery service Of Gods
store in New York ss, s.
Mileage Nearly vi ID & as 81; y;
1t has been found |ss M
that the mileageS Rez 81 3SlI +! ia n,
constant, irrespectiv8
of trips made. Tie ho8
which led up to this SoAez5 &!
the following: 11Hes q
placed on the axle 5{ g sell
wagon. The wagon itself Weig gd
1900 pounds, aud was drawn BY g
horse weighing HOO pounds. Each
wagon was provided with adriver and
a delivery boy. The aysrage weight
Of the driver may be taken at 100
pounds; that Of the boSat 125pounds.
Thus the total weight of the unit
without load was, ,42675 pounds. To
this must be added the average load,
which may be considered as being 500
pounds. Adding this to 2675 pounds,
it gives the total weight of the unit
3175 pounds.
The results snow that, starting
from the store, the average speed
while in motion was 81 miles per;
hour. The actual running time was
one hour thirty-six minutes. Time at
rest two hours twenty.eight minutes.
From the time the horse left the
stable until he returned to it was four
hours and ffty.two minutes. The
time taken to load at the store was
forty-six minutes. The time taken to
run from the stable to- store was two
minutes. Hence the actual time the
horse was working from the time he
left the stable until he returned to. it
was one hour and thirtv.eight minutes.
Time at rest three hours and fourteen
minutes. ,..I -. ~. ...
It will be noticed that the horse
was at rest and doing no work for
nearly two thirds of the time. Re
ducing the work done by the to
actual mechanical horse power, it was
found that it ezerted nearly. 0.9 OF q
theoretical horse power for one hour
and thirty eight minutes. This was
all the work done by this particular
horse on this day. The following
| day this same horse made two
t trips over the same ground. From
this day the average work done per
day by the year around by horse in
this class Of service may be taken to
be not over 1876 miles, at q speed OF
seven miles per hour.
The length OF the working life OF
horse in this service is seldom more
than five years. At the end of this
time he has deprecated in value at
least fifty per cent. :.
It is assumed that it is possible for
horse to do twenty-oae miles a
day under pull of fifty pounds, at
seven miles per hour, and be in har-
ness eight hours q working day the
wear round, or is working at the rate
of O.S9 of o theoretical horse power
for three hours per day. This, OF
course, refers only to the time in
actual motion.
Cost Of Horse and Wagon.
The items entering into the calcu-
tion of the cost Of moving one ton
distance of one mile on level ground
in light delivery service in New York
City are as follows:
Cost of food per day for one horse. $500
Interest on cost Of wagon Cat six per
cent. per annum) per day; original
cost OF wagon, 1912. 6.l3
Jnterpst on cost OF horse INT six per