davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1900-05-30
i Q Situation in Africa
Presents no Change.


London. Nay %. $50 Q n
when Lord Roberts wrote his frat
dispstoh on TransvsaIl soil yes.er-
day, shortly before : O'Clock iu the
efsespoon, be was 81 miles from
johannesburg and n miles from
Pretoria. HE immensely superior
force bee psssed the Vaal river, their
isc: great Natal obstacle, ct three
points.
The vsaI forms . curve of 80 miles
kcn Psrys on the west to Zsnd drift,
on the east The coucsve of the
esrve 10 toward tie Free State
Thus Lord Roberts. advancing along
The railway. wee in . position to
sesike 10 sny pars Of the crescent by
shorter linss then those oy which the
Bosrs could reinforce the threaten ned
points The Bosrs re,reated almost
without show Of defense
Gen French and Gen Hamilton Cd
pssensly did not fire shot
OF Lord Roberto immediate force,
III men belonging to the Eighth
nounted infantry we're the first to
ford the river. They csme upon Q
Besr patrol lootiog at Viljoen's drift
sad . stirmish lassipg ten minutes
followed. Two hundred Boers tried
lssbly TO hold The veresningiug col
Hssy but they were dislodged
Mj Hunter Weston and Lieut.
DarIs rode 10 advance of Lord Rob
ssts 20 miles into hostile country
% Try 70 cut the railway behind the
Bosss before the vssl wss crossed.
bat they we're too late.
The Bosr rear guard 10 at Meyer
Too. ten milss south OF Veresniugiog
Their main body 10 moving toward
ths Kip river billie. that cover the
eovsh eide Of Johannesburg
while Lord Roberts' 80, 100 in
iasssy, 20, 900 horse and $50 gun. are
moving on Jobannesbovg and Pre-
tosss. thsosgL psrohsd and deserted
eCuutry. the sisussiou at the Trans
vssl ospissI. % Il wss lest Friday. 10
shos described BY 90 observer who
ssns bic nesssge By, private hand TO
Lorenzo Marquee yesterday:
"The situation. both from Q mil,
tssy end political point of Wow,
bee become very critical Presideut
Kruger yesterday admitted that for
the nrss time nstters ere very grave
The Boes determination 10 TO trust
everything TO . last stand on The
0sssrsod mountain to the north of
Posohsfstroom wh4e 3 600 Ksfirs
ere digging trenoheb. To that point
every available mao aud gun have
been sent"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1900-05-30

Tien Tsiu. May 2S.-Tho "bOxsrs"
are CON mit,log many deprodations and
are marching 0u tows-d Pekin. The
British and Bslsiaas have lsf; Fiug,ai,
aod tho boxers" are expected there
today. The Uomcd States cruiser
Newark sod . French msn of war have
arrived at Tsku.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1900-05-30
MILLINERY HINTS.

summer Hats and the Newest Trim
mings For Them.
White will predominate among summer
mats. A hat entirely of dead white is
rather trying to the complexion, but
trimmed with black or colors it is usually
becoming. Straws of many delicate
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1900-05-30

Shanghai. May q Reports re-
ceived today Indicate that affairs
around Pekin are extremely critical,
owing to the defes. Of the govern
neut troops by the boxers
10 10 now regarded here ss certain
that foreign troops must be sen, TO
Pekin TO protect the Legations, while
the withdrawal of missionaries from
ses Interior 10 considered imperative
Large portions Of the provinces OF
Ps Chi Ii and Shan Tnng are 10 Z
state little better than absolute an
srcby. end disorder 10 spreading in
the province Of Shan 81 10 conse
quence Of the encouragement receiv
cd from the empress dowsger.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1900-05-30
Crisis in the Chinese Empire,

Pekin. Nay 27.-The diplomatic
corps hsve decided to ask the Tsung
Ii Ysmen ICbinese foreign office)
20 define explicitly tho measures
which the government inteuds 10
take In dealing With "boxers."
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1900-02-08
A NEW INDUSTRY.

The Manitowoc Picking Company FL
ed articles of incorporation with the leg
lister Of deeds on Thursday last. The in
corporators are DIR. H. L. Banzhaf aid
wife and o. A. Alter and wife. DIR.
Banzhaf is President of the corporation
and Mr.. Alter secretary, treasurer and
business manager.
The Company will engage in the work
Of putting up sauer- kraut, pickles of all
kinds and horse radish They will grow
their own supplies, leasing lands from
farmers. They have already made con-
tracts in Manitowoc Rapids and have Sc
cured lands suitable for the purpose.
The purpose is TO go into the business on
a large scale This year at least 400 tons
Of cabbage will be raised and several acres
will be planted to horse radish, cucum-
bers and other forms of vegetables suit
able for picking. Possession Of the old
fire engine house on 18th street has been
secured This building will be rebuilt
and enlarged and the factory located
there.
1t is the purpose to go into business at
once on large scale, and to enlarge just
as soon as the conditions of the trade
warrant The services of an expert in
putting up the goods will be secured so
that goods of only high grade will be
sent out Mr.. Alter will devote his whole
time to the work The members of the
company are unable to state yet the num-
Der Of hands they will employ, but the
character of the work is such as to re-
quire considerable number.
Before entering on this business a care
full study of the situation was made.
The parties have been investigating the
matter for the last six months, and start
ont with thorough knowledge of the
business except where technical skill Is
required The two men are everywhere
recognized as men Of ability, with a
union of push and conservatism. The
success of the institution may be conf
IDENTIFY predicted.
The factory will prove II good thing
for farmers whose lands IL near the city.
At present the lands leased are on the
River road.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1900-02-08
WILL THE GREAT NORTHERN COB
BILE UP THE CENTRAL?

That is the question now undergoing
agitation among people who are interest
ed in transportation matters. The Wis
Consin Central has entered into an agree
ment with the Great Northern for the
use of its terminals at Minneapolis. The
Great Northern has a continuous line,
with numerous feeders, from the Pacific
coast to st. Paul. 1t has secured posses
sion of the Baltimore & Ohio which gives
it continuous route from Chicago to
the Atlantic coast The only gap in the
trans-continental route is from ST Paul
to Chicago and this territory is SO grid
ironed with railway tracks that an ad-
ditional one would be classed as unne
cessary expense. Traffic arrangements
have been made by II consolidation of
railway interests which give the other
lines an unbroken line from ocean to
ocean.
This condition, rather than any posi-
tive information, leads to the belief that
Hill will mt the earliest possible moment
purchase the Wisconsin, Central.
The interest taken by outside parties
in large deals Of this kind are wholly
selfish and the first thought of Mantle
woe il, how will it affect our interests
Milwaukee is hopeful of the rrmoret
change, AS part Of the Great Northern
system, no doubt more railway business
would be done in Manitowoc, but it
other interests would not receive mucl
attention.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1900-02-08

BRILLIoN's laughing gas has taken a
new start It's latest eruption has out
done it's first Us this time if sent debris
to hight Of 200 feet This very much
exceeds its first outbreak. 1t has been
piped 10 the farm house and is assisting
in solving the fuel question. The press
ure is increasing and there is no know
ing where it will stop.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1900-02-08

EIGHTH street bridge got bit balky
one day last week. The north draw had
frozen over and the south draw was
kept oren by the carferries, the ice fore
ed the bridge over to the south and Cap
tain Thayer had to come with the Arc
tic, with the roll Of pugilist, to open
the north channel. After that the
bridge behaved
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1900-02-08

COUNTY TREASURER Ka Iffman wrote
the attorney general asking instructions
regarding the law limiting the time
which town treasurers must pay the
county tax to the county treasurer. 1t
formerly was March I, But the law
enacted by the last legislature changed
the time Aspublished it reads in the no
tice of change March -, but in the pub
lished law in its entirety, and in the
warrant, the law reads March l.
Treasurer Kaufman didn't know how
to take it and sought information from
headquarters. The attorney general
very properly decided that March IL is
the time meant. Town treasurers may
now tie to the assurance that March ID
is the time they must turn over to the
county teasurer the county taxes. The
state taxes are to be paid much earlier,
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1900-02-08
WORKING NIGHT AND DAY.

The busiest and mightiest little thing
that ever was made is DR. Kings New
Life Pills These pills change weakness
into strength. listlessness into energy,
brainfag into menta! power They're
wonderful in building mp the health
only 25c per box. Sold by Henry Hin
richs feh22
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1900-02-08

SATURDAY, February 10 ut the build
ing of l.. j anderson on Commercial
street lunch will be served during the
afternoon and an oyster supper from
! To 8 p m. by the girls assisted by the
ladies IF St Pauls Lutheran church. a
safe will be held mt the same time.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1900-02-08

THERE is no better medicine for the
babies than Chamberlain's Cough Rene
dy. Its pleasant taste and prompt and
effectual cures make it "A favorite with
mothers and small children. 1t quickly
cures their coughs and colds, preventing
pneumonia or other serious consequences.
1t also cures croup and has been used IN
tens of thousands of cases without sin
vle failure SO far M we have been able
To learn 1t not only cures Group, but
when given ~ soon rs the croupy cough
appears, will prevent the attack. In
cases of whooping cough it liqueties the
tough mucus, making it easier to expec-
torate, and lessons the severity and fire
quency of the paroxysms of coughing,
thus depriving that disease of dangerous
consequences. For sale by Henry Hin
richs, druggist feb22
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1900-02-08

THE body Of Captain Gilman, notice
Of whose death was published in last
weeks Issue was taken to Chicago for
interment on Thursday afternoon. The
remains were in charge Of Agent G. F.
CanIight of this city. From every hand
come testimonials Of respect Jor Captain
Gilman who was highly valued by those
who knew him because Of his manly
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1900-02-08

THE blizzard which prevailed in Chi
cago last Sunday had its origin in Kan
sas and was headed this way. But the
good angel who presides over the des-
TIMES Of ManitowOc headed 1t off an
turned it eastward at Chicago, so that
we did not get even smell of it. 1t
reached Boston and New York on Mon
day. The wind blew there at the rate
Of 80 miles an hour
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1900-02-08

Comparison is friend of ours. Comparisons not
odious to the firm who sells the right coal It's the
..otrer fellow who hates them. Comparison with
any coal mined proves our brand to be unsurpassed.
They're standard gold dollars. Then our service
dry coal dirt; prompt delivery; courteous
drivers; coal perfection. Worth trying isn't it.
Yards. THE }. G. JOHNSON co. , offices.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1900-02-08

THE term of circuit court which has
just closed has been long one but an
unusually large amount of business has
been done. It was noted as much for
the contests in the jury room as in the
court, there being two disagreements,
while one more was narrowly averted.
Another Judge will be called in to try
certain cases in which Judge Kirwan
was interested while practicing at
torney so that the present jury will be
re called for service.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1900-12-31
State News Items.

Circulars were issued from the Cen
trail Vermont Railway company, Dec.
23d, announcing the appointment of
Wesley III. Chaffee as treasurer Of the
company in place Of r. H. Ingraham,
resigned. Mr.. Ingraham will leave
this week to accept position with
the Southern Pacific railroad, where
he will act as secretary for President
Charles M. Hays. MIR. Chaffee's home
is in st. Adams and he has worked for
the Central Vermont since 1876.
The catching on fire of brush
which Mrs. Frank Parsons of Essex
Junction was using to black stove
Dec. %, resulted in the igniting of a
can of benzine from which her clothes
caught fire and she is now in serious
condition. Mrs. Parsons was using
the brush in one hand and held the
fluid with which she was polishing
the stove in the other. The hot stove
Sc the brush on fire and the benzine
in the blacking ignited from it with
the usual result.
A dispatch from Manila dated Dec.
lied autonomy party was launched
today at meeting attended by virtu-
ally all the loyal Filipino leaders in
Manila. The declaration of principles
was read and, after some discussion
adopted by vote of 123, less than
half a dozen declining to vote. All
signed an Endorsement OF the platform
including Senior Palermo, one of the
most influential of the former insur-
CONT leaders, whose real attitude
toward American authority had been
much questioned. The principal dis
cussion was with reference to the or
ganization of the government of the
party. A council of 25 members was
elected together with an executive
com mitte0.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1900-12-31
HOW DEWET ESCAPED.

The details of Gen. DeWet's escape
from the encircling British columns
furnish one of the boldest incidents
of the war.
When Haasbroek's command joined
DeWet, December 18th, some fifteen
miles east OF Thaba N'Chu, Gen. Knox
was only about an hour distant and
the Boer situation appeared desperate.
DeWet was equal to the occasion,
however. Despatching Haasbroek
westward to make feint at Victoria
Mex, DeWet prepared to break
through Mex Pass about four miles of
broad, fiat, unbroken ground. At the
entrance were two fortified posts,
while artillery was posted on a hill
eastward, watching the Beers.
Suddenly magnificent spectacle
was presented.
The whole Boer army, %, 900 men,
started at a gallop in open order
through the Mex. President Steyn
and Peit Fourie brought up the rear.
The British guns and rifles doomed
necessarily. The Beers first tried the
eastward route but encountered artil-
lery and diverted and galloped to the
front Of the hill to the westward
where the fire Of only a single post
was effective. The whole manoeuvre
was piece Of magnificent daring and
its success was complete, in spite of
the loss of fifteen FOUNDER and %
prisoners.
a British force was detached after
Haasbroek came in contact with his
commander. AT night the burghers
were scattered and the Welsh yeo-
many galloped among the retreating
Beers, using their revolvers and the
butt ends of their rifles with great
effect. An incident of the flight was
the gallop OF an ammunition wagon
right through the scattered Beers, the
gunners using revolvers freely.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1900-12-31

The destruction Of the forts which
might obstruct free communication
between Pekin and the sea.
The right to the military occupation
of certain points to be determined by
an understanding among the powers,
in order to MAINTAIN open communi-
cation between the capital and the
sea.
The Chinese government to cause
to be published during two years in
all sub perfectures an imperial de-
cree:-
Emboeying a perpetual prohibition
under penalty of death Of membership
in any anti foreign society.
Enurnerating the punishments that
shall have been inflicted on the guilty
together with the suspension of all
official examinations in the cities
where foreigners have been murder
ed, or have been subjected to cruel
treatment: and
Further, an imperial decree to oe
issued and published throughout the
empire ordering that the governors
general (viceroys), governors, and ali
provincial or local officials shall be
held responsible for the maintenance
of order within their respective iuris-
dictiOn, and that in the event of re-
newed anti foreign disturbances or
any attractions Of treaty occurring,
and which shall not forthwith be sup
pressed and the guilty persons pun
ished, they, the said officials shall be
Immediately removed and forever
disqualified from holding any office or
hOnOrs.
The Chinese government to under
take to negotiate to the treaties of
commerce and navigation considered
useful by the foreign powers and upon
matters pertaining to their CONNER
cial relations with the object Of facili
tating them.
The Chinese government to deter
mine in what manner to reform the
department Of foreign affairs and to
modify the court ceremonials con
corning the reception of foreign rep
resentatlVes, IN the manner TO De
indicated by the powers.
Until the Chinese government has
compiled with the above conditions
to the satisfaction of the powers, the
undersigned can hold cut no expecta-
ton that the occupation of Pekin and
the province of Chill by the general
forces can be brought 70 a conclusion.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1900-12-31
LETTER TO DIR. NJ. F. PRIME,
BARTON, Vi

BARTON, vi.
You understand chemistry; how'd you like
to earn 800?
Devoe lead and ziLc-that's the name of
he paint that lasts twice as long as lead and
Oils made of white Ieao white zinc, its col
or, turpentine dyer and linseed oil.
If any chemist finds anything else in this
paint, we'Il pay his pill and 800 besides.
It's nOhody's busint IS what we put into our
paint, of course; but we want it known. For
cad and zinc and linseed oil are the stuff to
pal MT with: and lead alone is not.
We want it known that one word describes
the best paint in the world; and that word is
DevOe.
Are you going to paint?
Yours truly,
10 F. w. DEvoE & co.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1900-12-31

The workman who acknowledges
himself beaten in task he has chosen
is not sought for to repeat the exper-
iment. Those who have shown wis
dom in selecting their work and then
have accomplished it against all
obstacles are always in demand.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1900-12-31
THE BEST PLASTER

y piece of flannel dampened with Chamber
Iain's Pain Balm and bound to the affected
parts is superior any plaster. When
lrou bled with a lau.e back pains in the
side or chest, give it d trial and you are GER
tain to be more than pleased with the prompt
relief which it affords. Pain Balm also cures
rheumatism One application gives relief.
For sale by E. W. Barron Druggist.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1900-12-31
WORLDS CHAMPION.

81 tried many remedies to cure piles
writes w. R. Smith of Latham, ILL.,, " but
found no relief till I used Bucklen's Arnica
Sa1ve. have not been troubled with piles
esince." It's the only champion pile cure on
earth and the best salve in the world. Is cts.
per box, guaranteed by II. c. Pierce druggist.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1900-12-31
A KEEN CLEAR BRAIN.

Your best feelings, your social position or
business success depend largely on the per-
feet action of your. Stomach and Liver. Dr.
Kings New Life Pills give increased strength
a keen, clear brain, high ambition. Csc
box Will make you feel like a new being.
Sold Fl V H. c. Pierce, druggist.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1900-12-31
MONITOR CLUB LIST.
Yours trul.
f. w. DEVoE & Co.

The MONITOR will be furnished with
the
Boston Daily Journal for $40
Boston Daily Herald 700
Boston Daily Record 3.75
Boston Daily Traveller 1926
Boston Daily Globe $50
Boston Weekly Journal 200
The Boston Weekly journal is sc. to resi-
dents of Vermont only, and 81 to persons
out of state.
Burlington Weekly Free Press $50
Cosmopolitan 2.45
Century Magazine 500
Congregationalist, new subs. 40
Congregationalist, renewals 4.5O
Family Herald and Star 2.35
Farm Journal LIS
Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly 245
Farm and Fireside, semi monthly 1.75
Farm and Poultry 2.45
Good Housekeeping 245
Household 2.35
Harper's Magazine 4SO
Harper's Weekly 4.8O
Harper's Bazaar 4.80
Ladies' Home Journal $50
Ledger Monthly 2.4O
Mirror and Farmer 200
McClure's Magazine 2.45
Modern Culture 245
Modern Priscilla 1eO
Munsey's Magazine 2.45
North American Review 6.10
New York Tri- Weekly World 2.25
New England Farmer 800
New England Homestead $50
Our Little Ones 2.45
Puritan Magazine 2.45
Peterson's Magazine 2.45
Popular Science 4.25
Recreation 2.35
Review of Reviews 1856
st. Nicholas 4.10
Scientific American 4.35
Scribner's Magazine 4.4O
Vermonter 2.45
Youths Companion 1925
lions Herald 3.75
The conditions of the above are that cash
must accompany order, and that both the
MONITOR and other publications ordered must
be paid year in advance.
After first copy of paper or magazine is re-
ceived further correspondence concerning
errors, changes of post-ofice address
should be direct to the publisher.
ZINC AND GRINDING MAKE
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1900-12-31

ZINC AND GRINDING MAKE
Devoe Lead and Zinc Paint wear twice as long
as lead and oil mixed by hand.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1900-12-31
TIM < a g Z 6
B 81 NJ. R.R.-COnn. 81 Pass. Div.
WINTER AR
affacf Ocf0bar &
Trains Leave

WINTER AR RANGEMENT
In effect October, s, 1900.
Trains Leave
-NoRTH-5:SO+ a m; l;Sot M;
$40 o m;-SoUTH-7:OU* IN: 1855 p m;
400 D m; 11:25* p m; l135t m.
Notwithstanding p M; 6:1O* m
soUTH-7:lO* m; 4:1O*
BARTON LANDING = NORTH 4:45t a m;
S:10F m; I2:15t p m; B5:l5' p N; h:OI* p m
soUra-7:2O%a m; 4:22* IL; l1:54t IN.
BARTO V-N1RrH -At:11t IN; 4:32t N: 7:40*
am; 1909 N; 5:O3* N; 5: 49, m.-SoUTH
-l2:o7t ~; 7:S5~ m; l:22* M; 4:S7F
m; fII:52* m
SOUTH ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 8* a M: 5:37* p
m. SoUTH-7;4sF m; 1883 y m
SUTTON-NoRTH-1I:37* M; 5:2O* p m. SOUTH
-s:05* M; 5:06* p m.
WEST BURKE-NoRrE-4: a ~ IL 800 am;
B4:84+ p m; 5:12* p m; soUTH-12:86t m;
LYNDONvILLE-NoaT N: 3:45t a
m; u:12s M; 4:2O* o IN; 1855 N.
soUTH-l2:35t m; 1881 N; 8:85t m;
1850 N; z;O3- N; 5:33* m
ST. -NoRTH-3:o5t a m; 1927
m; IO:45- a n 4OO- p M; 4:27* NJ; 7:35+
p m.-SoUTH-12:53t la m; 1851 %; 9:Co4 a
m; 12:10* p m; 2:22+ N; $3.50 M;
Stops only for passengers to or from
connecting roads or divisions.
Stops only for passengers from Concord
or below.
Stops to leave passengers, or, when sig
nailed, to take passengers.
tDaily. %Daily, except Sunday.
Diily, except Monday.
d. .FLANDERS, G. p. & t. A.
ST. J. & l.. G.. II. II.
WINTER ARR ANGEMENT
In effect December 10, 1900.
HARD WICK WEsT-S:25 a m; 5:37 p m;
EAsT-5:43 1888 a m; 7:41
EAST HARD WICK-WEsT-3:I6 q 5:2S
m; EAsT-6O1 a m; 1043 m; 1850 p m.
GREENSBORO-WEsT a M; $40 m;
EAsT-6:26 IN; 1885 m; 1853 p M.
ST.JOHNSBURY-WE sT-7:O0 M; 4:08 p m;
EAsT-2:30 p m; 4:4O N;
ID. u. FLANDERS, G. z. & T. A.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1900-12-31
General News Items.

Gov. Roosevelt has removed Dis
trict Attorney Asa Bird Gardiner of
New York and appointed Eugene \.
Philbin, GOLD democrat, to fill the
vacancy. Mr.. Philbir formerly was
a law partner Of the late Justice Beck
man.
Oscar A. Aronson, the six day BIZ
cycle rider, who was badly injured by
a fall III the recent race held in Mad
ison Square garden, died of pneumo-
MIA in the New York hospital Dec. 23d.
He was 25 years old, was born in
Sweden, and lived at 739 Sixth avenue,
Brooklyn. Although Aronson died
within 10 days after his removal from
the garden it is not known whether
the Fatality is due to the fall which
necessitated his receiving treatment.