The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-10-21

by the forces OF tho Union II the scramble
for South America once begins, neither the
latent resources nor the moral influence Of the
United states will avail TO protect their clients
without the dIsriar Of effective, material
strength"
what. then, must nt present be regarded as
the principle or 20 icy Of tho Government OF tho
United states embodied H. the so-cH'led Monroe
Docthne. considered both sfiTmntively and neg
Rtively2 MIR, Foster answers the question ts
follows so far a. the Affirmative asI cot Of tho
doot Inc IA concerned 'Tirst-Thatuo Euroiean
power or combination n rowers con Intervene
In thu Affairs NJ this hemisphere for the purrose
or with the effect OF forcibly changing the form
OF government Of the nations or contr Hing tho
free will Of their eople. Second Thhtno such
power or overs cnn permanently ACQUIRE or
hold any new ter tory or dominion on tits
hemisphere Third-Thnt the color les or
territories now held by them cannot he enlarged
by eucroAoau ont on neighboling territory or
he tINr''crred TO any other EuToy can rover;
and while the United States does not lurro6e
20 i%nt"ffeie will existing colonies. 1t looks
hopefully 10 tho tino when . America
shall be wholly American Fourth That any
interoceanlo canal across tho isthmus of Central
America must be free from the contro OF Euro
Iean powers While each NJ the foregoing
declar'tIons has been Irof er'y recognized ~
n proper application OF tho Monroe Doct'ire.
the Government Of the United states reserves to
Itself "a decide as each "a. q arises tn tlNe and
manner oiits Interpolation ard the oItent and
character 81 tho same. whether moral or
material or both "
SO much for the Monroe Doctrine In its az
hrmative aspect. The same principle, as
negatively declared, II thus denued by our
author: "~Eirst-Thst tho United states DO
not contemplate a permanent alliance With
any other American power n enforce the doc
trtne, as TIA y determine their action solely
by the view Of their own peace and safety.
but they welcome the concurrence and CO.
operation Of any other In its enforcement, In
tina way that TO the latter may seem best. SEQ
ond That the United Statcs do not INSIST upon
the exclusive swsy Of republican government,
but. while f~avortng that system. tn y recog-
n!Ee the right Of the PEG pie OF every country
on this hemisphere 70 determine for them
selves their form Of government. Third
That the United states do not deny the right
OF European uover nnens TO enforce their
just demands against American nations. within
the limits above Indicated. Fourth-rhat the
United states do not contemplate a protector
ate over any other American nation. nor seek 70
control the latter's conduct In relation to other
is act.
II ia wall .l.o IN not. Mr. Fo.,.r.s r.nlv "a
tho s~s,srtJon that the Monro. Dootrtn. hs,
no blr.,no authority nr,4 bsoan,. II hs. not
been adm tied into the code Of international
law. and. secondly, because Il has never been
adopted or declared by Congress. 1T may DO
said that the principle which underlies the
Monroe DootHne-ths right OF sef-deiencc,
the preser walton OF the peace and safety o.
In. nanon-l, r,cogniz,d a. an s,.m.ntsr
part Of international law. tn. dootrtn. did
not r,ouir. Congressional action % oop,ro,
the conduct Of IN, F.,outIv, ,nv NOR. thon
,hs nol,cv announc.d in Warrington. adj
dr.-. o, non-intsrfersno. IN Eu,one,n sr,Ip.
But s,noe IN. action Of Conxr... on Prs.,ds,,