The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1900-10-12
GOLD STORAGE.


y striking example of the possibili-
ties Of cold storage in the preservation
Of apples is furnished by the work of
the Nebraska State Horticultural soci-
ETY. at the Transmississippl exposition
of 1898. The fruit was gathered ana
put in cold storage during the fall Of
1897 most Of it during the month of
October, though some not until Deem
Der Each apple was wrapped first in
a sheet Of waXed paper, using 8 by y
inch sheets for small apples and u by
l. inch sheets for large ones. Then
another covering Of common newspa-
per was added. This double wrapping
made practically an alright cell for
each apple, thus preventing any spread
Of decay The fruit was then careful
~ packed in barrels, filing them up so
as TO require considerable pressure to
get the heads in. The temperature Of
the room i'm which they were stored
did not vary over one degree from SO
degrees from the time they were plac-
ed in it until they were removed. A
number Of varieties were still in good
condition Nov. I of the following year.
q To determine how such double wrap
ping lcngthcns the period Of keeping
few barrels Of unwrappcd Ben Davis
and WinCaap apples were placed in the
same storage room at the same time
and received exactly the same treat
4 mont as the others. Seventy per cent
/ of them We're decayed when taken out
June !. Those remaining in firm con
dition were so badly discolOred and
4 had lost flavor to such an extent as to
render them wholly unfit for either
show or market A few of the same
varieties were also wrapped in news
paper only. OF these about 30 per
cent were in very poor condition June
/. The fruit which went into cold
storage i'm 1897 was taken out at in
tervals during the summer and fall of
1893 and ut that time was examined,
and each variety received mark, ac-
cording to the condition in which it
was in.
One of the most interesting parts of
the report of these experiments is the
account of the behavior of the different
varieties in cold storage. Some re-
tanned all their good qualities up to
the close of the exposition Nov. J.,
1S9S These were Ben Davis Wine
sap, Rails Genet, Limbertwig, Willow
Twig, Gilpin and Lansingburg. Al
though the SalOme lost a little in quail
ity, it kept well in storage and on the
table Fruit taken from storage June
retained color and frmness for near
~ five weeks. Some retained good
outward appearance, but lost in some
other quality, as, for instance. the
Iowa Blush, the skin of which became
so bitter as to render the fruit unfit for
use.
On the other hand, some varieties re-
tanned their eating qualities, but lost in
outward appearance. Such was the
Milan. which kept well, but lost in col
or. There were also numerous other
kinds of deterioration. AIinkler lost
flavor and began to decay, the English
Golden RusSct and Fulton shriveled
the Roman Stem became mealy and
lost favor, Sheriff and Walbridge dis
colored so badly as to render them I'M
fit for show or market, and they deteri
grated rapidly; Fameuse retained col
or but many burst and after a few
days became mealy, and the yellow
Bcllnower went down suddenly.
Moreover, the behavior of varieties
having certain characteristic in com
mon was not always the same in re
spcct to it. The Missouri pippin, 6
dark apple, faded in storage, but The
. Walbridge and Sheriff, also dark ap
pies, came out almost black. Nor die
the lighter colored apples fade more
than the dark red ones, for Grimes
Golden and Yellow Bellhower, boil
yellow apples, held their color un
changed, while Missouri pippin, darl
red apple, as has been said, faded-V
A. Clark.
: 1t Is q common experience among
mountain climbers to find butterflie.
lying frozen on the snow and so brittle
that they break unless they are very
carefully handled. Such frozen butter
flies on being taken to warmer eli
mate recover themselves and Is away
Six species OF butterflies have beer
. found within a few hundred miles Of