The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1900-08-31
IN ADDRESS YESTERDAY
THE Tax Whites Pay for Education
Should Go for Benefit of Those
from Whom It Comes"
DR.. WISsToNs EXCELLENT ADDRESS
The Population Of North Carolina Should Be
Three fourths kon-agriculturaI The
Flocking to Towns Is Not
Bad Sign.


The program today is as follows:
10 a, m. roll call.
Unfinished business.
Report of standing committees.
Discussion: ''Live Stock Sanitation, >
DR.. c. A. Carey, Alabama; DR.. Cooper
Curtis, North Carolina
Discussion: Relation Entomology tc
Agriculture Prof. Gerald Mccarthy
North Carolina; Prof. H A. Morgan
Louisiana.
Discussion: Farmers Institutes" DR.
= A. Carey. Alabama; Prof. W. F. Mas
sey.
Papers: Agricultural Conditions, >
Commissioner ]. G. Lee, Louisiana; Com
missioner ]. A. Redhead, Mississippi;
Frank Hill. Arkansas.
Discussion: Immigration to the South, -
John w, Thompson, North Carolina.
Selection of next place.
The most remarkable paper that has
thus far been presented to the conven-
ticn, and the one which aroused greatest
interest, and was most heartily cheered
was Prof McCandless' paper on Glow
to Farmers Buy Fertilizers?"
He held that they bought fertilizers by
brand name, regardless of it's qualities
or ingredients. The remedy for such a
situation he said the farmers should be
educated, and to accomplish this end
the money sent to China to taach che
Meathen Chinee" haw to massacre Amer
leans, should be used. He referred TO the
missionary work as wicked and appealed
to all who were present to use then
influence against it. His speech in par
was as follows:
They buy Gypsum Phospho' for much
the same reason | buy a 'Stetson' hat
and 'Seabird' guano for the same reason
buy a Rodgers knife. These brands,
TO their minds are like the kentucky
Colonels whisky, 'scne's better than 9th
ers, but none's bad Luckily for the
uneducated farmer. the State has thro VT
h~T protecting aegis between him am
fraud, and the purchase of worthless
fertilizer in these days is an impossible
ty if the chemist with the crucible anG
the inspector with his sample, will 81,
their duty.
''But let us not blame the farmer who
shakes his head obviously at rows Of
enigmatical figures, and pins his faith
in some honorable house that has neve
yet swindled him. I honor his sturdy con
servatism, but must admit his methods
are unscientific, costly and in the long run
extravagant.
What is the remedy? Gentlemen, Their,
may be many ingenious plans proposed
many makeshifts. but there can be blu
one comprehensive and satisfying reply
TO this question. and it is given in ,At
one word education.
''If the Southern farmer is to rise aNovo
his environments and master the situa-
ton. he must mix his manures witt
brains. How shall he do this? He has
brains but they are crude and uncultl
waited. A schoolmaster of a new sor
must be sent him.
THE school master will be OF a new
type and will command a larger salar$
than the present type. Money must b.
raised; missions TO instruct the heather
'Chinee' in the art of butchering Chris
tia rs must cease, and the money be do.
mated to the holy cause OF carrying {
new gospel CT hope, enlightenment ant
ambition to the hungry heart and lif>
OF the average Southern cotton farmer
If you have any intiueEce in your commu
mites, do all in your power to discourag
this fruitless and wicked waste of none!
which should be spent upon your broth
err at home who hath the emptiness of tbs
ages on his face and the desolation o.
ignorance in his heart.
There is another source from Uhic,
money may be raised for this holy caus,
without additional expense. The tao
which the whites Fay into the treasur,
for the purpose of education must be
used for those from whom it came.
Let the black man have all that is hi.
due. Let the tax drawn from his prop
erty go to educate his children, but ie
not one cent CT the blood money wrung
from your hard sweat and toll be sc
misapplied. Spent whege it belongs, fol
the benefit of your own children it will
return unto you 100 fold. but spent as
it is, it only tends to build up the black
Dumb Terror and will in time reduce
you by competition with him to the condi-
ton, creature. without hope, 'stolid
and stunned, brother to the OK. Spent
as it is, it will only hasten racial con-
fiict and make the battle the harder ~,
you when it come"
The speech was heartily cheerei By
the convention.
The morning session opened with G
discussion of the question as TO fertili-
ger brands which was left over froal
yesterday no agreement was reached and
DR.. Geo. T. Winston delivered an al
dress on the education Of the farmer
DR.. Winston said that the education OF
thief armer for the present and comine
age was different from what it had ever
been. That when North Carolina had
reached its national distribution of occu-
patton, it would be three-fourths non
agricultural. That threefourths of the
inhabitants Of the State should do work,
other chan agricultural, but that until
the farming was done on a plan adapted
to this proportion, the condition OF the
farmer would not be OF its best.
Dr. Winston spoke in part as S6llows:
The proper education of farmers il
the South today is very different from
what it was so years ago. Education
then was ADAPTED to conditions then pre-
~ a