The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1900-10-26
WAR GEOGRAPHY OF EUROPE.
/ !.

The war of the Spanish succession. with
which the eighteenth century opened, Is
the most important case in all history OF
contested will. No other such estate
has ever been beGueathed by its dying
and childless owner for the domains OF
Charles II. in f7e comprised the Spanish
peninsula except Portugal. the kingdoms
Of Naples and Sicily. the island Of Sar-
dinia portions OF Tuscany and the
Milansse in Italy. the spanish Neither
lands approximately the Belgium OF to-
day., the Canary islands and Ccuta In
Africa, all North America-save the En-
glish colonies Canada and Louisiana
Mexico, Central America and al of
South America except Brasil, cuba.
Puerto Rico and San Domingo In the
West Indies. and on the other side OF the
globe the Carolines and philippines. No
wonder Louis XIV, the emperor ana the
two maritime powers. England and the
Netherlands. felt that national safety as
well as future greatness were at stake
when such an inheritance was 10 be d.
vided. or that all the resources OF peace
full negotiation were strained TO the ut
most TO effect an amicable division as
Charles OF Spain approached the grave
7; will help us TO understand the situation
n we compare the attitude OF the powers
toward decrepit China or remember how
many OF us exuited when the last relics
OF that vast Spanish empire came into
our possession two years ago.
The rival heirs 10 the throne ~ Spain
in 1928 were Philip. the grandson OF Louis
XIV. and Maria Theresa. eldest sister or
Charles II. OF Spain. and Joseph. the son
OF the elector OF Bavaria. and grandson OF
the Emperor Leopold and OF the younger
sister OF Charles III. A less direct candt-
date was Charles archduke OF Austria,
younger son Of the emperor and great
grandson Of Philip III of Spain. The ac-
eaSefOo ~ Tanies era rdaQn 10 the throne
would mean a family alliance of France
and Spain. and possibly union. while
the accession OF either a son or grand
son of the emperor might lead 10 a re-
union of Austria and Spain as under
Charles v. In any case England and Hoi-
land felt they were deeply concerned.
To avoid war William Ill. ruler Of Eng
land and the Netherlands. agreed with
Louis XIV. in lsas that his grandson
Philip should have the italian possess
sions except the Milanese Sardinia and
the province of Guipuscoa In Northern
Spain. that the archduke should have the
Milanese, and that the little Electoral
Prince Joseph should have Spain. the
Spanish Netherlands and the Indies
(America). Hardly had this arrangement
been agreed upon when the death OF the
electoral prince unsettled everything.
Painful negotiations brought about new
partition treaty In March, 100. by which
the Archduke Charles was TO take what
had been allotted TO Joseph and his own
share was transferred TO Louis grandson
Philip. who retained his share as granted
Charles Of Spain took matters into his
own hands. and by viii bestowed all his
possessions on Philip month later he
quest.
II Louis had gone no further Europe
would have acQuiesced. for there was
little popular opposition IN England 20
the Will. but with an imprudence dlfsicuit
OF explanation he reused the oppost'tf-'
OF the Dutch by espelling their troops
ish Netherlands and substituting troops
of his own. He kfndied English tndigna-
ton by recognizing the son OF the exilsd
James II as Ming Of Ensians ana si
grandson, in becoming king Of Spain. had
not impaired his chance OF succeeding 90
the throne OF France.
This declaration Of policy called into ex-
istence. In iToi. the grand alliance % Eng
land, Holland and the emperor. with the
professed object Of securing for the EN-
peror reasonable and Just satisfaction for
hts family claim to the Spanish success on
and for England and Holland protection
for their possessions. commerce and rayt-
cation. n peaceful means should fail the
Spanish Netherlands and separate them
from France as a defense TO Holland. and
Milan. the kingdoms * Naples and sicily
and the mainlands and islands % Tus-
cany, which were TO be open 10 Eng ana
and Dutch commerce. Ensisnd snd HOE
land on their part were authorized for
the promotion of their trade and uavisa-
ton TO occupy any lands and cities they
could In Spanish America and 10 Keep
them.
THE attainment Of these objects ccst a
Furopesu war OF more than ten years
duration, which may be Described a. the
fir~t great war for trade, for In Il the
rnrnmerclat motive was dominant, The
rising capitalist ciasa expected " set rteh
from IL. bonnet. the rEnn1enburs envoy.
wrote from onas 7, snan 1 s ,snx I 4. p Eng
iish trade doesn't suffer
The results 81 this European struggle
were profound and iar-rsaehing not only
IN Europe sut IN America. NOT only IN
international politics but also ~ NJ N.
iAflecfvat Nfe nf she world England
energies from It the ieadins c22mmsreia
sack Holland. although on the winning
sifs and protected BY the Catholic Neither
lands az = barrier from France- y hsnc.-
f4-fh - rover nf he Necan1 rate. Eng
isg.ess creates, territorial gains we're IN
america where she secured from France
Nova Scotia AMI the seknerledgm.n y
ne Hudsnnsa hay region. and from Spain
tha nannapaig 0f the slave trade suf
limtsa amount q general cemueecs Nth
guriwer.s travels and Fnoilrtts Rod
sstek Random are the sisniff9nt hlFfs
ssy products of fhs phase - knRi.sh
sNnHnWtNN
eettadss - spain "a our rf1pef sub
ieet. hawsgef - the political EyggraYhY
z Europe. che AEssTieaa results - The
var rxn receive only th4s glance
fr garups EnEisna acquired ginraitsf
ara N}narra Nh3Eh gave her SANDING ~
a Nesfterraneaa peWsr ari secured pro-
iaeflsr fas hkr trade IN those waters n
VA the arNa saeG Hr 5hE rrad % NEitN
~vnrus. EEypt aus the agfAn.
Ths cafhaiAr 81 spanish Nateerlanse.
zarisa sardiria su& tne Mtlsness *.
rhanFra fhe yoke - sFaia for that ~
Assfrla bat tuta great t1senFt9n - fhe
srrgragurss domains ADDED 90 sae Sen eie-
-7ent8 II his realm ant pf9p0rtseuetflF
ssrgtntehaa she weight ~ AlH German f@@-
e+ftgrnfY Louis XIV e RrAnlnua retained
@rafr arH sha inGses With n EraFAsiNa
So srffn sas FFancs xhsuiA never ~
rnissss nor Sas Fraaee 70 rf1siTe any
trtv5serx - trade gith the colonies n
Spain -, also caucesed 90 hnElaad ans
Holland
ttor EraVlaE eat = ths war was thaf -
af~d b. taa - the smaller pfihrfir
s7usss The stsctoS ~ NFardeukgfg Vac
row resolves reaarai Eeropftl fvccsll-
flnr q his iifls ktag - Frart4a. and
fa. Ft4ssra ~ -aNUr 81 afNH ElFttN.