The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-15
KANSASBLACKLEG
DR.. v. A. Norgaard, Government
Path0logist, to Discuss It.
Delivers Address at State Board
Of Agriculture
THE USES OF VACCINE
viii Explain How to Treat the
Disease.
Old and Tnhuman Methods OF
Treating the MaIady.
THE USES OF VACCINE

WASHINGTON. d. c.. Dec 15.-Dr. victor
a. Norgaard. chief patholsgist Of the bu-
reau Of animal Industry Of the Depart
mant Of Agriculture, has accepted an
invita- ton to come To Kansas and de-
liver an address at the thirteenth an
nuaI meeting OF the Kansas board Of
agriculture, to be held IN Topeka, jan
uarv s-IL
The text OF his address viii regard
animal diseases. most attention 10 Re
given to treatise on the disease Of
hIackIeg among cattle. Z disastrous
Ecourge which is generally prevalent II
cattle raising districts Of the west
Kansas i prominent in the district
infected and thousands Of cattle have
been treated in most every county with
in her borders with i. vaccine or virus
furnished by the government during the
PAST year or two. Dr. Ncrgaard Is the
inventor Of this treatment, and has spe-
cal charge Of the preparation and dis
tributian among the cattle raisers OF
the country
Blaczleg i an fneurabIe disease ex-
ceut in rare Instances Through the
Introduction Of Dr. NorEaard's vaccine
great strides nave been lately MADE IN
the prevention Of the disease and the
reduction Of former great losses to =
mere minimum
When the bureau undertook to iuves-
rIGzre the prevalence Of 1LaEkleE IN the
United States Il was merely known that
the disease existed n certain districts
DR. NOrgaard says that from its recent
invesrigati0ns i i apparent that the
loss from nlact1leg IN certain portions or
several states exceed that from ali 0Llzer
causes combined While this disease Is
infectious, it las not been considered
necessary to quarantine il at any time
Tho results OF its sXEsndAd inveStlge-
ton Indicate very decidedly that the
disease may be argzdIeare1 BY InoGulsl-
tiun and proper dIsinfserion OF premises
At the beginning IF this work the bur
reau saw the necessity for a single
vaccine, tnat Is. 8 vaccine which When
EIsed once. would produce the same inn
TIlunitv a. i produced By two TacclEa--
lions. or with 2 double" vaccine The
use Of the double vaccine involved the
treatment OF each animal twice r-i--
an interval of tsr days between the Two
1nDculzlCES. This work when consul
cred in connection with the large herds
Of the west where it IS necessary to each
operation that the cattle De rounded
up. from a large section OF the country.
Eftz1r1N1eS scores OF miles in extent iE-
wolves Inconvenience and expense, AM
Is never became popular with the cat
tie ra1sers
In July OF 1886 Dr. Norgaard then
veterinary inspector Tor the bureau. Al
TER having made an Investigation and
approaching all the objections to the
double vaccine. stated that 1T was de-
sErasle that soma vaccine which would
produce immunity after one incubation
re introduced IN this country Accord
rnElE- experiments were begun in EhE
raM Of 1886 for the purpose Of prapar-
ing such z vaccine. Hundreds Of thou
SECs Of doses have since been mailed TO
cattle owners who are era bIad, by fol
loving the directions accompanying the
vaccine to inject IL themselves without
the aid 81 z veterinarian Each person
VINO receives EEla vaccine is requested 10
answer q series Of questions after the
season closes. IN order that the estimate
If the results Of the work may be made.
During the past fiscal year 1gT6, $50
doses Of blacklsg vaccine have been pre-
pared and distributed among the varf-
Gus states and territories The demand
for this preventive Is steadily 1ncreas-
ing. and rhe summarized reports Of over
ze9e cattle owners testify TO the great
efficiency &C the preparation in reducing
losses to the minimum It is eonserva-
lively estimated that the annual loss
from this disease when no preventive
measures are taken amounts to about
s6-aee.ooo- This estimate is based upon
the reported loss Of from 10 To IS per
cent Of all young stock in the vast lis
trlers Of this country where hIaekIeg
prevails
So lar as can be judged at the pres
eut time the loss after vaccination dur
ing the Fast year has been less than
cne-haE q per cent Since the be-
ginning OF the distribution OF bIacEzIszz
vaccine. In August. 1887. the total num-
Der Of doses furnished to the cattle rails
ers O this Gut1ntrF amounts To I III gGl /
and the Indications are that between I
ZOO goo and z,5da. 800 doses viii be re-
CURED to supply the demand during the T
present fiscal year
There ere but few countries in the /
world vvhsre blaCkleg does not prevail +
% some extent and the ravages OF tie I
EzlaAa-cy have existed In this country for +
many centuries though referred to dur +
ING eE7lds1nlcs by some other name. As
i AeI@rallE known. it affects cattle 4
Kll@4-Z 0eEVssn the ages of six months I
z-41A tff years 1A1- The class Of cattle 4
A1d~sH7l are the 1uIl-5iguG or hfEh-grafie 4
stock which seem more s1.rie@+ "a 80 4
disease than ths lower grade range cal i
tie
In this country it Is 9 verv noticeable
fact that hlaekleg has ben "a a. in +
crease ever since TIE stock owners be- 1
gan 60 lit prove their cattle. This y A.
counted Tor by the fact that rfa har-ar A
grade or STOCK IS thIn-sklnnetI and this
more susceptible To c1r7rraisrfr.1r 49, 49,
ease than those Of thicker and tCalebzr
hides
TIE spring and fan seasons =aar- 49,.
favorable for the Development 81 rriS
disease The first symptoms are s-a--z-
ally OF q local nature which ara inst
carad by signs Of high fever Iesss gf a.
petite and suspension Of Elimination fnF- 4
lowed hy great depression. The 5r,frgzr I
moves around with difficulty. frecuAn-Fw 7
lies down. and whAn water is nca- 4
hand. drinks ar short intervals ard n47r
q little at q time The most fr1ril~fszrre 4
dlaSunsEtc feature Is the sfevaI1rv7z-t Il
Of 3 tuner OF swelling under the skin
The swelling may appear On snv MARI
o. the body and limbs. except b4ssC- 4
the knee or hook joint or on the tail i
II rs frequently seen On thu thigh ,lr
Rhouldsr. and. owing TO the extensive
dzSeoioratio1 Of the swollen parts, as 1