New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1900-06-17
PROBLEMS OF EXPANSION.

under the above title in duodecimo volume of
three hundred pages, embraces some which have
been little known TO the public this side
the water. In their collected form they cover
with q completeness rather surprising the vari-
phases OF the problems which have con-
fronted the American people concerning their
new possessions from the time they first
suddenly startled with the question what to 90
with "the territory with which we are threat
ened" down TO the time when they sent out their
second Commission TO the Philippines. The paper
from THE Century Magazine" OF September.
1S9S. with which the volume opens acquires
entirely fresh interest in view of the history
that has followed in the line IL indicated at that
early date.
Much matter is added in the footnotes
and appendices What seems to be the clearest
and most complete account of the way in which
the much criticised payment of twenty millions
came TO be made for the Philippines. appears
in footnote TO the Princeton address, entitled
Later Aspects of Our New Duties" 1t is
follows:
There has been so much misconcepton and mis-
representation about this payment of twenty mill
IONS that the following exact summary OF the
When Spain sued for peace in the. summer of
1855. she had lost control Of the Philippines, and
any means for Tegainng control =, Her flee, feet was
der the alns of the American fleet and its capt
ure or surrender had only been delayed I'LL the
because Of the fears expressed by foreigners and
the, principal residents OF Manila that the city
troll them The Spanish army did so surrender. in
fact shortly after the Trivial Of these reinforce
ments. before the news OF the armstice could
IN the protocol granting an armistIce. the United
States eNacted at once the CessiOn of Porto Rico
and an island in the Ladrones. but reserved the
decision as 10 the control disposition and govern
apparently with a View to the possibility Of ac-
cepting them further indemnity for the war.
10 he ed he
United States required the cession of the Philip
Government felt amply supported in its right TO
demand this cession. with or without concessions,
single ground Of indemnity" and pointed out that
II was not now putting forward any claim for
OF the war" 1t accompanied this demand for
suming any existing Indebtedness OF Spain in
Cured for public works and improvements of pa
for Indemnity and at the same time committed
itself TO the principle of payment of the
case into an uitimatum the Peace Commi ids
dd not further refer 10 the debt or give any spe-
zinc reason either Tor cession or for payment
They simply said they now presented "a new prop
sake Of immediate peace their Government is un-
der the circumstances, willing to tender"
open Door and Mutual REIMBURSEMENT of
Claims clauses added. with the mention for the
first time Of specific sum for the payment and
without any question OF pacific improvements"
That sum just balanced the Philippine debt
dollars
The collection of additional judicial authorities
on the power 10 acquire and govern territory
gives in the compass of six pages a lucid exhibit
Of the exact language of decisions of the courts.
Cwith ample references) on the whole range of
points now in dispute between the two parties.
Another constitutional question that Of the
tariff in territory belonging 20 the United States
is thus presented:
The one point at which the opponents of the doc
trine that Congress govern the Territories as
by quoting decision Of the Supreme Court is as
TO the application Of the United States tariff 10
before Congress had acted or a Collection District
the demand for duties under the tinted states
tariff on goods Landed at California ports Gross
HARRISON l6 How. l6i). MI Justice Wayne said:
BY the notifications of the California became a
l 81 the gnsd T'afes and as there Is nothing
Inerce became Instantly privileged by the
t1or5 tieg o I haG idSs5 10 raise reYen1e
claimed to land foreign goods within the United States
at any place out OF Collection District if allowed,
W0 8 Bf e1 2nop b Of h1 nT2yis9n in the Gonstt
shall be uniform throughout the United states
The court here bases its reasoning distinctly on
that treaty gave the pledge that California can can
adjacent Territory SHOULD be incorporated into
no such pledge as to the Philippines mot adjacent
not in the nature of the case have given such a
pledge, and aid provide, instead that the whole
The naive Inhabitants Should be deermned 6 GF
me me, Congress- Recalling Mr. Justice Storys re
a capacity 10 provide for future contingencies as
liable in their nature, so is Impossible safely to
limit that capacity, IL would that there
tuition or common sense enough in its interpreta-
ton 10 permit the Supreme Court 10 perceive some
difference between requirement OF uniform tariff
CURED in order TO be made a State and sncb y re-
qurement on the other side of the globe over terri
tory not so acquired. The case becomes stronger
when the treaty (aIso consitutionally part of the
Supreme Law of the land) turns over the political
status Of the latter territory entirely to Congress-
The Constitution makes the same similar re-
guirements OF uniformity throughout the United
the, rSht OF trlal by jury. But in every the
early practice did not construe this include the
As TO uniformity I'm tariff. It was not enforced
rigidly In Louisiana for years. So little in fact
CURED became an integral part of the United
n +j r. the treaty provision that
nited States Bank were empowered to establish
offices OF discount and deposit 'wheresoeyer fheT
shall think fl within the United states" theT
5lo noI CONSIDER TINS warrant for establishing one
n New-OTleans. and actually secured from the Con
gTess Tor that purpose bill, signed by Thomas
ffo- s,Ton on March - 1904 extending their
lsoa.lIN uhoer me terms Of their original charter
70 any part OF the Territories dependencies of
As 20 uniformity in internal taxes. The very
i7oi t+t ~ ne United States: that Of March g.
the United States fourteen COLLECTION Dis, LIE
-, 1911 Coislsllhg OF one state II is until 1893
na revenue in the territory northwest Of the Ohio
As TO the courts. The Constitution reo,1ir4s tbet
the judicial officers Of the United states eba1i bT9
once during good behavior For a century Tho
judicial officers Of Territories have been restTctnS
As 10 trial by Jury. The Constitution gives the
Ggn. 10 II TO every criminal in the United
States and TO every civil case involving over
twenty collars, Under Mr.. Jeffersons government
u LoeIsl2na: ulal by jury was limited to captal
ases IN criminal prosecutions II has likewise been
2enled In Consular Courts.
The addition of the resolutions of Congress as
70 Cuba the exact text of the protocol, and the
Treaty Of Paris help the completeness Of the