davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29
BISMARCK'S IRON NERVE

Was the result of hi> splendid heath
Issdum.table Will and tremendous
energy are not found where stomach
liver. kidneys and bowels are out Of
order. II you want these qualities ard
the success tbey bring, DIR. Kings new
life pills. They develop every power
OF brain and body. Only 25c at E. 7.
Whitehead & Cos Drug store.
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29
EMERSON As A FATHER.
A Good Pattern for Others.
WISE WITH Els CHILDREN.

It is good thing to have a good
father-one who takes an interest ia
his offspring aud their training. Such
an one was Ralph Walde Emerson, if
we may judge from what his son, DR..
Emerson, writes. He says:
"1n my spaoe must dwell on his
relations to his children and to young
people. He was hard at work in his
study until walking-time, except for a
half-hour spent in the garden and or
cna.i afis,f breakfast, sii.3 a-s 1861
have zig with him an t-ach sl@ .4
n mes III his pear and apple trees :. ::
s.eir tenants the birds. Ii We c:ris.
i3to his study when little, xe cont
stay SO long as VS. would look at pi,-~
tires quietly or draw. On week days
lis walked alone, but on Sundays he
showed us the shrlnes CT the wood. gods
and the home OF Echo in the groves
he loved.
"Wben We were in bed. rny father
often come up and, sitting hv ns in The
twiiie eht, chant, to our delight, good.
night song, which he made up as he
sang, to the trees, the birds, the flow
srs, the members OF the family, even
the COW aud the cat.
"He persistently kept msal-t,mes
peasant, would allow no sour remnants
OF yesterday's wrong-doings to bs
served up again. Every day was to
bs fresh and new ~ dewdrop from
the hands Of God. Wa may have fail
ed Yesterday, but We would never think
of it again. and start right to-day.
eve must be kind ard polite to the
and bus respect and conrtesy
..ward them always mads them io~e
snd honor him. Everything and
. err bod has two handles, right o.:e
l1 a wrong one, he felt, ard you are
sarysd secording to your wisdom in
.htrssing th@ handle.
"Wnsn our Young guests came, he
. WAYS made them 1T es-e, found out
"'1at interested them. and talked of
,nGs, q. i ,',<3 FF.se ", h.. ,sse. II
In way hat sci them thinking. One
rails he held to faithfu!ly-neyer talk
about hImself Ones sickness and In.
frmities were never to be spoken Of,
except in private. He interested him
self In our recitation of poetry and in
our Latin, and liked to join in prepar.
ing tho Virgil lessons. He read aud
rselted ballads to ns. and l remember
his marching up and down the dining
room win nae on his back saying:
The great Earl IN bis stirrups stood
That Hieland host to see
bis hapds taking the place Of the stir
rups, and / of G!enallan's earl.
OoboSIOu5 JAukulAks &nN CD0NpIC
or vuigarity of speech, or irrsvsrenes
were firmly checked. We loved and
stood IN awe of him, but scoldi ng was
a weapon unknown in his armory, and
trust was his greatest one. He never
punished, seldom commanded or tor
bade but he showed us how the case
stood and let us choose. He wished
us 10 be- brave ana to do what We were
.'ra,d to do. If 1t came in the line of
duty. Fear was usually only ignor-
snce. he said, of what to do in given
ease, and one would soon learn. lie
wrote from England, in 1847, to my
mother: Bid Ellen and Eddie thank
God that they were born in New Eng
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29

a,anv waite. for rhe 10 ,ta-bru.h

A physician of 'ha navy used ~ IL
q. STORY os hsviag Ii ID mo Il .,s 3
dls,r, outei 10 bis snan, yl-r-.si., "a
they, 70; knowing si,s, us- " ~. e
-! these .astrntaents, sn of..>ssti III m
IL p..ii-!,inx hoi- hattss;s
Af,d recanfis ;;aff,i y si.er q. d
she f,;lnpl lft4, ss,iaa ,ore.f s..s.s-st +:
IL wcs' ~ f;sssc, i'narg, uastti (
ths un E,s.xins ii Ia trunk Of u@s (
his subordinass.. AID admiriag the s.ax
in wijis', tha young mans IN ,eiisr IA 4
eArefnly turnisissi hlrn ~a.n So c.,n-
ptate au outfit, ~x7.laina i : I.,s r.
-: s.an i,,4 '.s;.ssal-nr i -
Rssr sssny is shi4 s.'ise. er;is!a @s,s
an - l.:g .ts xu-~
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29
ELKIN SHOE FACTORY.

A North Carolina industry OF wh,r
very tsw people know, is shos factor
at Eikin, n. c., in which tho hides ar
tanned aod shoes are made for me
women and children. This factory W.
started on 4 very small scale three :
four years ago, making nothing M
strictly solid leather shoes, which "a
once sprung into public favor. II
demand for thesa shoss grew 30 rap
ly that, although the capacity Of tn
factory has been increased to sever
hundred pairs day, they are sti
forced to turn down . large per cont. I.
the orders received owing to their In
ability to I'll them.-Exohxngo.
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29

OR. BULLS COUGH SYRUP
the safsst and snres. cure for th".
dsng.r,.us afecsions OF 1t . little OF
Group, whno;inx-ccugh aud meas,-
'yss5eh phy,icians Yre.erihe it. ch!
areu like IL, and dosS. are small Fr,.
25 cts
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29

Ths Great Family Medicine ii a.tse
age For sstre throat, gsrgle the thr At
with a mixture of PAIN KILLER and
water, and the relief il 1mmedi ate, and
cure positive. 1t should not bo forgot
ten that tbs Pain-Killsr is equally ~
.:ood to take .nternally ~ to us, Ok
ternaliy. Avoid substitutes thsrs
but one P.in-K,ler, Perrs DAVIS,
Price 25c aud Sos
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29

Col " J Bryan is bnt fprtv vsA
o:d on .be l9.h Of March mex. Ii T.
has bis equal A. an orator, or as vi
man, or AS an able statesman OF his w
trot him out and let US all have loo
at him.
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29

and chcerfulness soon
disappear when the kid
neyS are out of order
or diseased.
Kidney trouble has
become SO prevalent
that 1t is not uncommon
for q child to be born
afflicted with weak kid
neys. If the child urin-
a$A~ %~~ >EA>- ~ -
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29

DR.. BULLS COUGH SYRUP will
cure throat and lung trouble without
fail. For grippe, influenza and deep
seated cough Or cold, it is tho best 70
medy offered to-tbe public.
Ths doses arc small and 4 bottle
costs only Is cents
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29

The great party OF moral ideas h as
now shown its hand in way that the
most ignorant voter in the country
can see what 1t Is up to.
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29

What will il profit tn. Republicans
to save The electoral vote of connac-
.leut and lose those of severA. Western
States?
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29
NO. 13.
Women as Well as Men
Are Made Miserable bv
Kidney Trouble.

Kidney trouble preys upon the mind, dis
courages and lessons ambition; beauty. vieor
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29

la grippe. with Roberts Taste
EChill Tonsc. 25c. De'ightf.. %
Try it.
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29

Smallpox has Developed in & mi
form at Yale college.
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29

We have saved many doctor bills
since we began using Cham beriain's
Cough Remedy in our home We
keep bottle open all the time ana
whenever any Of my family or m.sel:
begin to catch cold we begin to use the
Cough Remeqy, and as result we
never have to lend away for a doct.r
and incur a largo doctor bill, for Cham
berlain's Cough Remedy never fails tn.
cure. Il ~ certainly q medicine OF
oi great merit. and w.rih- - d. S. Af.sr
kle, General Merchant aud Farmer,
Matte, Bsdfp county, Pa. For sa.i.a
by, s. Whftohead. ~ Go. Drufeisss
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29
TIE EDITORS LEISURE EcURs.
P ints and Paragraphs Of Things
Present, Past and Future.

Tn the Scotland Meek township
pr u ar, convention last Fnday Er.
". ; Dunn helns called for made q
8 OF Int ringing >peec He aioke
es ,eclalv OF the necessity OF passing
t!e prop sedconstitution Il men1ment,
saying that more deponds upon it for
>o..n Ca4olin4 than Gepoisded np'
s.se American Declaration of I,iuepsn-
dence That having failed We shou d
I have been under the rule of the Eig-
Ish, one Of the best Of peoples on earth !;
if this, The amendment fails, North
Carolina Ia destined to be ruled by q
rs.s whosa influence would ruin
aav people in the world.
The county conyentlons which haye
b enheId In the Statethus far have shown
great enthusiasm, and the coming State
Democratic convention promises to be
ne OF great Interest. And we'll may
ae good citizens all over the State
feel keen interest in it for the cam
! aaign ahead of us this year will be
sngnt with momentOus results to
North Carolina.
It has been given out from the straw
eTry region of this State that the
| respects for heavy crop are good.
With no snow and no heavy frosts or
fraezas The heavy crop will doubtless
4..rg large am ,4nt OF money into
hat particular section. No industry
~ North Carolina has made greater
i.selopment during the past doze"
-ars than berries and other such crops.
Ts.ere Gomez little hope from SONS
s,ar.s Gf the South that the cotton
| acreage NAV he decreased con sidera bly,.
The Columbus VGD Enquirer-Sun is
quoted as saying:
The farmers will not plant as much
cotton this spring as some people pro-
less to think they will plant. Our far
,aers have found out that there is more
money in small cotton crop than In
a large one, and money is what they
want"
The State Democratic convention
will have no dearth of names from
which to choose men for the various
State officers: From the names sus-
gssted hlough the State press uns
would conclude: that not a few citlzensoi
the State have foundthemsslves ready to
render service to their people In pub
lie way. One OF the redeemlng feat
the gentlemen who have allowed their
names to be sent out as candidates are
fully competent to 6il the Offices with
efficiency and credit.
Que grows SICK at heart to road the
aceoun. ct such murders a. haye bsen
detailed in the papers recently. Moth
ing more shocking has ever occurred
IN North Carolina than the murder of
he colored woman near Garner last
week by the negro preacher, Tom
Johnson. Not oven the famous Scott
Partin murder outranks it in atrocity.
And as one LOOKS over the field and
osesves the many black and hideous
crimes OF the passing time, one feels
ike questioning as to whether or n o.
he world Is really getting better. Let
he courts do their duty in all such
.;4ses, aud speedy justice is an effective
Femcdy.
FREE BLOOIs CURE
AN OFFER PROVING FAITH.
Bad Blood causes Blood and skfr
:aigAasps ! rupiInns MIN nleA Scr0fuIa
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29

The One Day Co!e, Cure.
For colds and sore throat use T. ermott's Chocc
lates Laxative Quinine. Easily taken as cand.
and quickly cure.
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29

urine scalds the flesh or If. when the child
reaches an age when it should be able to
control the passage. it is yet afflicted with
bed-wetting. depend upon it. the cause Of
the difficulty is kidney trouble, and the first
step should be towards the treatment Of
these important organs. This unpleasant
trouble is due to q diseased condition of the
kidneys and bladder and not to q habit As
most people suppose.
Women as well as men are made mis-
cradle with kidney and bladder trouble.
and both need the same great remedy.
The mild and the immediate effect Of
Swamp-Root is soon realized. 1t IS sold
by druggists. in fifty Et
sample bottle by mail w! 1lsss =
free. also pamphlet tell Home of swamp Root
ing all about it. including many Of the
thousands of testimonial letters received
from sufferers cured. In writing DR.. Kilmer
& Co.. Binghamton. N. Y, be sure and
mention this paper.
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29

The farmers will not plant as much
cotton tnis spring a. some people pro-
less to think they willp Our far
,aers have found out that there is more
money in small cotton crop than In
large one, and money is what they
want"
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1900-03-29

T..ere comes little hope from SONS
g,sr.s Of the South that the cotton
acreage may he decreased con siderably
The Columbus tGD Enquirersun is
quoted as saying:
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1900-01-22
FINANCE IND TRADE

NEW YORK, January 20.-The mar
ket for tocks continues an enigma,
which any ordinary rules of interpreta-
ton are unavailing to solve. Yester-
days buying was prompted by the ex-
p~ectation OF a favorable bank state
ment, proved more favorable than the
most sanguine expectations yet the
market lost wen the small animation
it had ben showing when the state
ment appeared on the tape. The net
changes in prices are without signif-
canoe, those of any amount being re-
s~tricted to insignificant stocks. Lon
don reported a firm and confident mar
ket but the confidence did not extend
to the point of holding American stocks
UP to parity level and the opening here
was very ragged and irregular. The
lack of upward impetus from London
and the utter Indifference manifested
to the bank statement offered a poor
market in which to realize, or selling
by yesterdays buyers might have been
larger. In the absence of nd they
seemed satisfied to keep oldings
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1900-01-22
LIVE STOCK.

CHICAGO, January 20.-Cattle weak,
closes norninally steady. Good to
choice SIS 25@6 40; poor to medium
81 0004 90; mixed stockers So 25@3 90;
selected feeders 81 20@4 rs; good to
choice COW SO 1904 25; heifers, So 20
o. so; Gamers. 50 20Q2 80; bulls 81 SO
GA 20; calves 81 5007 so; fed Texas
beeves 81 0095 90.
Hogs, good demand, mostly sc high
er; good clearance. Mixed and butch
ers 81 1904 7212; good to choice heavy
81 65@4 Is; rough heavy 81 1904 go;
light, 81 1904 65; bulk of sales 81 so
"a 67h.
Sheep and lambs generally steady.
Native wethers 81 50@5 60; lambs 81 65
@6 40; western wetherss4 1904 So;
Western lambs SIS 25@6 25.
EAST LIBERTY, Pa, January 20
Cattle steady. Extra SIS 5000 90; prime
SIS 50@5 70; common So 00@3 60.
Hogs, slow and lower. Best heavy
81 25@4 27h; best mediums s4 rs;
best Workers. s4 1904 rs; light York
ers 81 60@4 SIS; pigs 81 1904 Is; roughs
SO o0@4 rs.
Sheep, steady. Choice wethers 81 Is
@4 IS; common So 00@3 90; choice
lambs Sc 1906 Is; common to good
81 50@6 10; veal calves 81 00@7 rs.
CINCINNATI, January 20.-Hogs &C
tive 81 00@4 rs.
Cattle quiet; 81 1906 rs.
Sheep steady; So 1904 SO; lambs
steady, 81 1906 25.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1900-01-22

But there was no inclination IL odd to
them. The bank statement fully ~
fected the expected refux Of unefiploy-
ed funds to New York the total gain in
cash being no less than s11,536i 900. It
was not suspected that employment for
these funds had been found to be as
large an extent as was Indicated by the
loan expansion of $4,759, 100. The buy
ing of mercantile paper by the banks
which has been more active during the
week, will scarcely account for much Of
this increase, and certainly no operation
on the stock exchange are sufficient to
account for it. Unless some special
transaction is disclosed to explain 1t,
1t is probable that the business of in
dustrial combination and fiotation is
beginning to avail itself again of the
easier money rates.
The good demand for bonds continued
to-day and prices generally were adj
vanced.
U. S. new As advanced n, the IS and
IS ", obi Is coupon u and do register
ed e in the bid price.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1900-01-22

Satin Faced Cloth II the Material o
N Mode for These Toflettcs which
Are seen in Diversity Heretofore
UncuuaI1ed.
Something which will prove quite a
departure in the lines OF Princess
gowns is shown in this house dress of
mouse gray satin-faced cloth with
trimmings Of royal purple and white
to afford a contrast.
The front is tucked diagonally so
that the tucks meet in the center and
match so perfectly that the junction
Is hardly noticed; and what makes the
deception more complete is a narrow
piping of royal purple satin down the
entire length of the seam. The
stitched effect forms a yoke also and
there is a vest of the satin finished by
small lapels of lace which follow a
curved shoulder trimming of purple
satin lined with white.
From the bust line to the waist the
front of the gown is slashed and the
pieces are gathered and brought across
to the left side where they are Slip
ped through rings covered with cloth
and secured to the lining. After the
strips are slipped through these rings
they are fastened at the end with a
fancy pin.
The sleeves below the shoulder are
laid in five wide tucks very smoothly
over the arm. Above these is a wide
cap-like trimming of satin extending
in a point and lined with white. The
pointed cuffs are made of the same
material.
This new style of house dress is also
adapted to development in the semi
rough goods of light texture, but
proves an ~ungraceful toilette in the
heavy tailor materials.
HELEN GREY-PAGE.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1900-01-22

MIDDLEBOURNE, w. Va, January
21.-Commissioner Carter sold the
Eli M. Ash farm of 250 acres, on the
waters of Sancho Creek, at judicial
sale, for S2,22S, and the A M. Ash, 81
acres, for $500. Cash sale.
The claim of Peter Henderson for
$40 damages for a horse crippled by a
large rock in the highway in Lincoln
distict, was rejected and Henderson
will sue the county for damages.
A. Locke. of the firm of Stealey &
Locke, grocers, Sistersville, Sundayed
at his fathers. Mr.. r.. G. Locke.
John G. Arthur. capitalist, of Sis
tersville, visited friends here this
week.
Mr.. Marion Lemasters. an old and
respected citizen and prosperous farm
er of Stringtown, was a business visit
or this week in town.
s. Halman and Jasper Wharton, of
Stringtown, were bushes visitors at
County Court.
G. S. Stealey is making a tour of
the Muskingum Valley and other
points along the Ohio Valley.
Mr.. and Mrs. John A. Mason are
still at the bedside of their daughter,
Mrs. Laura Morris, of H%olbrook, Pa.
Mrs. A. j. Jemison is very sick
with a complication of ailments, but
is slowly improving.
Born unto Mr.. Charles e. Riggle
and wife, twin boys, January IS.
Charley says this is a Democratic
year.
Constable Lees arrested Hickman,
alias Rodgers, a speakeasy keeper, at
Stringtown, Tuesday, and seized his
stock of illegal traffic and started for
the county seat with the whole out
fit, but the prisoner escaped from the
guard. The constable landed the
goods safely in the cellar Of the Jail,
where they will be held as contra
band of var
In oildom the Vince we'll on Ash's
Run of Sancho is nearing the big
1n1un.
The Attleberger we'll No. 2 cased to-
day with the six-inch casing, and will
reach the sand by the middle of the
week.
Mason No. 4 is drilling at 900 feet.
Rymer Nos. 4 and 5 are drilling.
The Oxford Oil Company's No. /,
John w. Stealey, at Point Pleasant
bridge, which is a very strong gasser,
burst the casing this morning and the
escaping gas can be heard two miles
away.
The recent rains have caused a ff-
teen foot rise in Mile Island Creek
to-day.
County Court adjourned Wednesday,
after transacting a large amount Of
business. President Lazear was still
foo sick fO attand tho session of tho
court.
The Democrats of his vicinity are
largely in favor of Judge Tavener, of
Parkersburg, for governor at the next
election. They believe that A. B.
White will capture the Republican
nomination for governor, and that,
from the showing made by Judge Tav-
enc in his judicial race he is the
strongest man the Democrats can
nominate to carry Wood county.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1900-01-22
SILVER.

There was a slight Strengthening of
the silver market, due, it would seem,
to a better Eastern buying demand in
London. The quotations for bars in
that market advanced from % 3-16d.
per ounce to 27asd., and the New York
price for government assay bars NOV
ed up correspondingly from $3.50 per
ounce to $3.50.
Silver Prices-London, January Is,
q 3-16d.; January Is, 27%d.; January
16, II SLID; January II, 273sd.; jan
uary IS, 81 5-16d.; January 10, 273sd.
New York-January IS, $3.50; Jan
uary Is, $3.50; January Is, 591zc; jan
uary 17,591ac; January is, $3.50; jan
uary 10, 59kc.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1900-01-22

PRODUCE.

CHICAGO, January 20.-The wheat
market was fairly active and firm to-
day or the Paris advance, reports of
damages to foreign crops and the
East India famine, May closing nc
over yesterday. Corn and oats closed
a shade under yesterday and provis-
ions 5@10c higher.
The wheat market was firm, sup
ported by the advance at Paris, Liver
pools s~teadiness. reports of frost
damages to crops in the southern por-
tons of both France and Russia, and
the practical elimination of India from
the competitive market through fam
inc. Throughout the session trade was
fairly active. Exporters and foreign
ers covered shorts in crop damage re-
ports and the local demand was fair.
May opened a shade v e yesterday, at
.65%@65Bc, eased off to 655s @65%c,
reacted to 66B @66A, and closed firm
Ac owe last nights figures, at CSC.
The corr pit was not busy, and the
tone of the market was easy. The
crowd sold yesterday on the expecta-
ton of a bearish government report
to-day, and in consequence had little
to do but to wait for the figures. The
shipping demand was slow. Receipts
were 211 cars. May ranged from
3SBc to 33A @33sc, and closed a
shade under yesterday at 33BG33Ac
The oats market was rather easy in
sympathy with corn. and in expecta-
ton of increase in the figures in the
government report. Trade was quiet
and Shipping demand slow. May sold
from 23Mc to 23Ac. closing a shade
under yesterday at 23% @23Ac.
The provisions market was firm but
trade was rather dull. Light hog re-
ceipts and a strong market at the
yards, light offerings and the retaking
of recently sold stock were a support.
May pork ranged from $40 so to $40 80,
and closed 10000 over yesterday, at
$40 IS; May lard from Sc 90 to Sc 05,
closing 5@7hc up, at Sc y @6 o5,
and May ribs from S. rs to SIS so,
with the close sc better, at S. 77h.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1900-01-22

old IS 90 asked; january new s. 50;
March IS IS.
Oil unchanged.
CINCINNATI, January 2o.-F1our,
steady.
Wheat firm: No. 2 red, Tic.
Corn firm; No. 2 mixed, 33H @34c.
Oats, dull, No. 2, mixed 25k Q25Ac.
Rye quiet; No. 2 Soc.
Lard easy; IS 62kc.
Bulkmeats duh, IS so.
Bacon easy; S. SIS.
Whisky active; 81 23hc.
PHILADELPHIA, January 20.-But-
ter quiet but steady; fancy western
creamery, Csc; do prints, Csc.
Eggs, firm, good demand; fresh near
by zoe; do western, zoe; do South
western, 18c; do Southern 18c.
Cheese, firm, but quiet.
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1900-01-22
DRY GOODS.

NEW YORK, January 20.-The SPOT
market for dry goods was very slow to-
day, bad weather interfering with store
trade. Conditions otherwise were IN
changed in both staple cottons and fan
cies. Print cloths closed the week firm
with nothing doing in regulars and a
quiet demand for odd goods. Cotton
yarns were in better demand than last
week and firm in price. Worsted yarns
were strong and in better demand than
supply. Woolen yarns were firm with
a moderate business.