Arizona republican., 1900-10-02

quantities as car0ona tes. but in large quantities as black aXysulphides. Where the ore is segregated into I'll lsses in the decompOsed pOrphyry, it is sep arated by hand as firss-class ore aaI passed directly to the furnaces; but most of the ore occurs de--eminated in small particles thropsa the rock, and mus be subjected to mechanical concentration preliminary to is fusion into matte,
 Samples are exhibited of he car3on- atea. suboxides and rich -sulphides which ar passed directly to the furna- C=s. all also of the lean oXysulphide ores. which must be submitted to pr liminary concentration. II vi, Je ol- served Il It the miner. is scaLsrtl in such min articles through the rock as to inso.Ve extremely fine crushing to insure it's separation. Ali the jig tailings are, therefore, re- crushed and reconcentrated on van nsrs. Hence as the samples show, the only tailings which go to waste are the extremely fine Jailinss from the Vanners. These ores being acid, bar
 
 must be added to the furnace charge. and the resulting slag is made as acid as economy will allow. Roasting is not needed to prepare the furnace mixture to yield a 90 per cert. matte for the Bessemer converter. Lining for the converter is found in an ore containing A per cent. of silica. 20 per cent of alu nina and per cent. of copper, which makes sufficiently tenacious material for -tat purpose. About 300 tons per month of such ore are consumed per Convertsr stand. The gold and silver contents of the copper are too low to he always economically extracted, but '-Ile Be zsemer bars when refined by the ordinary furnace melnod, yield cop per of high grade. suitable for rolling. The new cathedral at Berlin is roofed with sheet copper made from these ores. The unadulterated sulphide ore commences to occur at a depth from the surface of from 400 to 600 feet and are generally too lean in copper to be profitably treated for that metal, but they are used by the Arizona Copper company for the manufacture Of sul- phuric acid.
 The United Globe Mines.-The ores
 
 rich in copper. are so acid, and profita- ble Aux so scarce. that smelting is con- ducted under greater disadvantages . than at Bisbee or Clif,on and Morenci. [ It is the only district of importance in Arizona, where the furnaces still yield black copper at 96 per cent. directly from the ores by a single fusion. The slags from the cupola furnaces are therefore acid; and like all slags made from furnaces which produce metallic copper direct from the ore. are much richer in copper than those made from i the mating furnaces. The Globe slag runs about per cent. in copper. Those made in the Bisbee and Detroit furna- es run about 0.4 per cent. This great saving in copper compensates to d great extent for the extra expense of , conduo ing the pneumatic process. The absence of sulphide ores in Globe, in any large quantity, forbids it's applica- tion there.
 ] General Statistics.-The present an nual production of the Copper Queen mines is approximately 4O.OOO, OO0 pounds of copper; Of the Detroit mine 16,G92. coo pounds of the United Globe Mines, 6,00G.000 pounds. The number of em- ployes Of the three groups Of mines is 2.500. The coal consumed in generLt- ing power is 25,0OO tons. and the coke used in the furnaces 60.000 tons. Both coal and coke come from the Colorado Fuel and Iron company. At the De- troit gas engines of the Ott)-Crossly and the Westinghouse types are ra- placing steam engines.
 The mating furnaces are water jacketed cupolas of 120 inches by i1 | inches at the tuyeres. The conveI- ers are of the barrel type. s feet long by , feet inches in diameter. There ar5 ] mating furnaces and converter stands, with three shells to a, stand. al the Copper Queen. mating furnaces and converter stands at the Morenci and 1 furnace a. the United Globe. At MJrenci there is a concentrating mill of a capacity of 400 tons a day.
 The Copper Queen company built an( owns the Arizona and Southeastern railroad, standard gUage road of 6. miles in length. connecting the mines | with the Southern Pacific railroad a | Benson. The Detroit company own: the Morenci Southern Railroad. a road of 36 inch guage, and 20 miles in length connecting lS mines with the Arizona ! and New Mexico railroad at Guthrie
 The Copper Queen and Detroit com ranies have mercantile departments and stores at their mines. All ;hree companies support free libraries and reading rooms for their employees. 4 ' medical staff and well equipped hos pitals exist at all the establishments the men contributing monthly from ! their wages for medical and hozoita ! services.