The Savannah morning news., 1900-07-17

three miles above Niu-Chwang for the ter
minus of their new railway
Nishu-Baron Nishu, japanese minister
to China.
Northumberland province.
Pei-Ho North river)-Rises beyond the
Great Wall, and flowing past Pekin and
Tien-Tsin, debouches into the Gulf of
Liao-Tung, the last eight miles of its
course being through mud fats At its
mouth are the Taku forts. From Taku 10
Tien-Tsin the course of the river is very
tortuous yet is naVigable up to Pekin,
100 miles from the mouth. About Novem-
Der the river begins TO freeze over.
Pekin. the northern capital Of China
since 1860, a very old, evil-smelling town,
stands in the middle of an extensive plain
twelve miles north of Tung Chow on the
Pei-Ho, and 100 miles from the sea. 1t is
surrounded by walls 50 feet high and 81
feet wide and is entered through strong
gates, all of which are closed at night.
Here is the Palace and here are the le
gators. The populace is anu-foreign with
an I'M ensity which is barely conceivable.
The estimated population is 100000.
Pichon-M. Pichon, French minister to
China.
Port Arthur. now the Russian naval
Russia in 1895 with the adjacent seas and
territory to the north. the whole forming
the province of Kwang Tuns. Port Ar
thur is reserved as a naval port for Rus
sian and Chinese warships, and closed TO
other nations. BY Russian efforts it has
become a very powerful and important
base.
Prince Ching a Manchu. lord chamber
lain of the court and commander of the
Pekn field force. Member of the Tsung
i-yamen.
Prince Ii, the senior member of the
cabinet pronounced Lee, a Manchu. is a
hereditary prince, belonging to a distant
branch of the imperial family; he takes no
part in foreign affairs but is much tusted
in imperial family matters.
Pu-Chun, the present Emperors heir,
nominated by the Dowager Empress He
is the grandson of the brother of the late
Emperor Hsien-Fung and Prince Chun.
and first cousin once removed TO the pres
ent Emperor.
Shanghai. the largest and most import
ant of the Chinese treaty ports. 1t is
situated twelve miles from the mouth of
a branch of the Yang-tse- Kiang, in the
province of Kiang-Tsu. The population is
nearly 400. Co., including over 5000 for
eigners. 1t was declared treaty port
open to the world in 1912 The British gov
eminent established the Supreme Consul
lar Court and Court of Appeal for all Chi
Rerney-Admiral Remey OF the Ameri-
can Far East squadron has been for for
ty-five years a sailor. and in his early
years saw much fighting.
Shan-Tung. bordering the
Gulf Of Pe-chi-h to the south. Contains
Kiao-chcw and Wei-hai-Wei.
Sheng, the administrator of telegraphs
and of railways, the head of the Imperial
Bank of China, and of the China Mer-
f1uential man. and is in constant relations
with foreigners. Those who have tried to
do business with him so far have found
him more than match for them; the con-
troll of the whole of the telegraph system
of China and considerable wealth gives
him great power, and he is always a man
to be reckoned with in the future.
Squeeze. general term of extortion; the
secret commission which every Chinaman
makes on any transaction with a foreign
er.
Stewart (Brgadier General Sir n. r. Is
inNcommand of a brigade of the Indian
contingent.
Sxe-Chuen Providence bordering Tibet
Tael equals 15 ounces OF silver in
weight.
Taku forts. situated at the mouth of
the Pei-ho consist of three main forts
the North. South and New. At the time
when they were captured by the allied
forces Of England and France in 1860 they
mounted about 300 guns. Behind the forts
there extends for twenty miles inland an
intricate system of meats. Defended by
modern artillery and skllful artilerists
they would be practically impregnable.
They were taken by the allied forces on
June IT.
The Grand Council The Emperor and
Empress Dowager are assisted in the
government by cabinet or grand council,
consisting at present of eight members,
and these are undoubtedly the most in
huential statesmen for the time being.
The Tsung-h- Yamen served the Chinese
government as Minister OF Foreign Az
fairs. Till the war OF 1850 all foreigners
were treated as belonging to dependent
or tributary nations and on this basis
all foreign affairs had been conducted
by a special department OF the Board OF
Ceremonies. The war. however, showed
that the nations OF the West could not
be treated as tributary tribes. and TO
meet the emergency, Prince Kung invent
ed the Tsung-l-Y amen as the most suit1-
BILE method of dealing with foreign minis
ters 1t first had three members but the
number has been increased to ten. lie
members DO not constitute separate de-
partment IN the ordinary sense Of the
and from the Grand Council (CablneO.
The Tsung-li-Yamen. as n body, has no
power 10 act, and except In most unim-
portant cases will give no decisive an
swer. They receive requests. demands,
and protests, and acknowledge the re-
cipt As Board OF Obstruction, It Is a
gigantic success. All interviews are
taken down verbatim, and with copies of
the dispatches are laid before the Grand
Council (cabineO, and by 1t reported to
the Emperor.
Tien Tsin, one Of the treaty ports is on
the Pei-ho, and seventy miles from Pc
kin II Is a very busy place when the
river is free from ice, but when the last
steamer has left and the river Is closed
up, the foreign community. consisting of
about $50 Europeans, have nothing to do
but amuse themselves Till the end Of
March Tien Tsin has now been isolated
and the foreign settlement I'm a state OF
siege since June II.
Tuon prince. the father OF Pu-Chun.
The heir apparent and first cousin OF
Kwang-Su. the Emperor. and now leading
the ultra anti-foreign movement at the
palace.
Tsze-Hsi An. the Dowager Empress,
now s. years old, widow OF the Emperor
HsIen-Fung, who died in 1851. No blood
relation To the preeent F.mpqror who il