The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1900-01-19

matter, should, after proper disinfec-
ton, be filed with clean earth.
SecOnd-No building should be erect
ed or allowed to remain on land where
the ground water is within two feet of
the surface.
Ground water can be varied with ref
erence to the surface of the ground in
two ways; by drainage, and by filling.
The first way is usually the cheapest
but in the present case would require
pumping which would make It imprac-
ticable. The second way may be salts
factorily carried out by three methods.
Firstly taking the material from the
ocean. Secondly excavating basins,
and making ponds and using the ex-
cavated material to fill adjoining land.
Thirdly obtaining the material from
the high lands.
The quantity of material required to
raise the surface of this district one
foot Is estimated at 100000 cubic yards
To furnish this material by the first
method would require the excavating
Of a channel 5000 feet long. 20 feet
deep, and 135 feet wide, thereby re-
moving the Objectionable mud fats and
making a clean, deep basin.
From numerous soundings made
by your committee, this method
would seem feasible. The material is
excellent but would have to be covered
with soil before vegetation would grow
upCn 1t. The cost of filling by this
method ought not to exceed so cents
per cubic yard or three cents per square
foot for each foot filled.
The second method would probably
cost less but would leave only about
One-half of the land available for
building purposes. This method should
not be allowed if the earth thrown out
of such basins has become foul by
vegetable or animal matter and If there
is not a direct connection with the
ocean in which the tide will ebb and
flow or the water is being constantly
changed by running springs.
The third method is a question of.
transportation. 1t would probably be
unsafe to cross the main streets of the
city, at grade, with trains OF cars NOV
ed by power or gravity. The cost of
moving such large quantities of earth
by carts would be expensive and slow.
The filling might be conveyed by
water In pipes, by the same general
method in use by the dredgers in de-
posting their dredged material on
land. After the Government Pumping
rant, now under contract, is in Oper-
ae-on, II is probable the water from
Makiki stream will not be needed for
domestic use. In this event the stream
could be damned and the water used to
convey filling material from the noun
tains to this dIstric,.
The estimated cost of getting this
material from the mountains should
not exceed SO cents per cubic yard or
2
of filing.
Third-Ditches should be dug about
500 feet apart in existing or in propos-
ed streets for collecting surface water.
including that from above King street
and as outlets for the numerous springs
and ponds in this district. They should
have masonry floor and side walls. me
inner surface to be smooth, so as to be
easily cleaned. If any foul water is al
lowed to enter these bitches the
masonry side walls and floor should be
continued to the reef. They should
lead by the most direct way to the
ocean and, unless supplied with run
ming water, should be constructed so
the tide will ebb an. flow in them.
Fourth-All streets should drain in
70 these bitches and from them should
rise by a grace of not less than six
inches in one hundred feet.
The minimum grade recommended
by the Grade Commission is four feet
above city datum.
Lots should draiI by a ditch in their
rear leading to the main bitches.
tlfth-There should be at least three
feet OF open space under all dwellings
IN which the air Lan fully circulate.
Building laws should be enacted re-
curing an unobstructed open space
around each dwelling.
Sixth-It is an imperative necessity
that sewers be constructed in all