davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

If you are thinking of buying a
vehicle of any description, it will be
to your interest to see The Edwards
Harness Co., before doing SO. 325
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Hon. Tom Debenport, of Pitts
burg, Texas, is here, the guest of
Mr., Morris Sheppard.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Mr.. Ernest Whitley is now en-
gagged behind the soda water coun-
ter of the Boyd Drug Co.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Miss M. Galvin's millinery estab
lishment has opened up a hair
dressing and manicuring business
terms reasonable.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

The work on the bank building
the tiling foor-is being rushed
and it is a good job too.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Hon. John L. Sheppard is here
today from sulphur Springs, Texas,
where he has been visiting.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Anything you want in the reaI
estate liue on any kind of terms,
w. II. Kelley, 226 State Line Ave.
over Water Co s Office. 2.l9
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Mems Kentucky Flats" in Ok
fords and shoes at The Foreman
Shoe Co.'S. A shoe for comfort.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Waste no time in looking around"
for shoes 60 direct to The Foreman
Shoe Co., and get what you want.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Gentlemen who like Glow quarter"
shoes for summer wear, can find an
endless variety in blacks, tans, pat
ent leather or kid at The Foreman
Shoe Co. We have the broad plain
toes for comfort or the newest,
nobbiest design for dress.
There are many substantial rea-
sons why you should buy your shoes
from The Foreman Shoe Co. You
get new fresh goods that are cor
rect in price and style.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Mrs. Jack Frost, of N. Y, is the
best cent cigar on the market.
S. NJ. Ragland, Distributor.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Courteous attention and prompt
delivery of all goods bought at the
Lambeth Grocer Co. Give us a
trial. 5 4
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

l sell sewing machines, parts,
needles and attachments-also re-
pair machines. Telephone No. l3 2
rings. S, h, EoKLEs,
6 10 2lS West Broad.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

aO'DWYER & AHERN.
We Study Mems Wants

Every E day, been doing ca
for quite a while. PrSettvU fU
well acquainted with thsiyp ;y
whims and fancies now, and
we think, in fact know tbst Ilat
the shirt we're going to Of.
fer this week at Ace. win
please them. Not every ,
man. but hundreds ofthem,
We think it one of the hast
offers we ever made. Como
in and have a look at them
Remember the M
price FSC.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

We are prepared to furnish ice
cream in any quantity. John P.
Kline. 527
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

The choicest steaks, roasts and all
kinds of fresh meats at Huddleston
Brothers. 43
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

We have not heard of any one
offering block of ground for a
park yet.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14
THE TEXARKANIAN
F. @. wOOTTEN, City Editor.
WEATHER FORECAST.

kl4IIA WEATHER BUREAU.
''''1 TExARKANA, ARK, June 13. I
For Arkansas:-Fair to
> night preceded by showers
in extreme east portion.
Friday fair. Stationary
temperature.
F. F. MATHEWS, Clerk.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14
The Road that Leads

To our Boys Clothing
section is indeed a pleas,
ant one. Draped here and
there with many novel at
fractions, Once it is reached
all former attractions van.
ish for It's here that the
word attraction" gets a
new meaning clothed in a
different hue. This week
twill be in Boys Wash
suits, in linen and crash.
plain and small check, for,
mer selling price has been
81 so, this week, 9Oc.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

1S47 Roger Bros. knives, forks
and spoons at Erbers. 8 3l6
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Pianos and organs Tor sale at
reasonable prices at BeasIey's Music
House, 2l3 East Broad street--cash
or on installment plan. II
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

For sale-all of my household and
kitchen furniture, at No. 1903 Coun-
ty .Avenue. Buyer can rent the
house if they choose. A bargain
come quick.
6-13 ]. R. MILLER, M. D.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Huddleston Brothers market is
always supplied with everything
usually found in an up-to-date
market. 43
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Wedding rings all sizes and shapes
at Chas. S. Erber's. 316
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

WINDOW SCREENS. For window
screen, at lowest prices, apply to
the Standard Novelty Works
phone 1875. SO
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Just received the latest creations
in cushionette turn shoes for ladies
at DeLamar's, 210 K. Broad St. 6
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

The Foreman Shoe Co., still re-
main headquarters for all kinds of
first class foot wear.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Silverware and novelties at Schus
ter's. IL
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Mr., DeMarce and daughter left
last night for Fairfield, Iowa, on a
summer visit.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Desirable homes on easy terms.
See W. r, Kelley, 226 State Line
Ave. 3-19
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

If you want good groceries, good
treatment and right prices, trade
with the Lambeth Grocer Co., 222
East Broad street. 5 A
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Eupiou oil makes the best light
ask your dealer for 1t and take no
other kind, 1t makes white
strong light. If
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Mr.. M, Adami, travelling ticket
agent of the Cotton Belt road, was
here last night, accompanied by his
daughter, Miss Lola.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

The best cream soda in the city
at John p. Kline's. 527
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Very latest cushionette turns in
ladies' low shoes at DeLamar's,
2lO e. Broad Street. 6 5
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

"DeWitt's Little Early Risers are the
finest pills | ever used" ID. j. Moore,
Millbrook, Ala. They quickly cure all
liver and bowel troubles. Boyd Drug Co.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Now is the time to rent a safety
vault box, at the State Bank of
Texarkana. Convenience and safe
ty combined. Ga
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Mr.. John ]. Towery and family
are here from Chicago.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

For good white light, get the
Eupion.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Monday we will sell 5 cases mems
shoes at Sl.25. DeLamar cuts the
price. 6 2
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Don't buy your furniture and car
pets until you see Booth. 81
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

If your watch needs cleaning or
repairing take it to Schuster's 208
State Line Avenue, IL
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Mrs. Jack Frost of N. Y. has ar
rived in the city and is on exhibi-
ton at S. M, Raglands. Al
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14
International Correspondenoe School.

You do not have to 60 away from
home to learn a trade or profession.
You can be taught in any branch Of
business by mail at small cost. For
particulars see
A. p. Brown,
At Central Telephone Station, this
city. 6l01w
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Mr., and Mrs, Pat O'Donnell, liv
ing on Spruce street, near the West
Side school house, are mourning
the death of child which died yes.
terday.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Catch on to Mrs. Jack Frost oil
N. Y.-at S. M. Ragland's. Al
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Lost-White poodle dog, sheared
close, bvshy tail. Liberal reward
for return to Mrs, McNutt, 1914
Pecan street. 6 12
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

The best OF everything the mark
ct affords, at Huddleston Bros
meat market
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Ralph Bros. have machine that
irons the edges of collars and cuffs.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Jewelry OF every description at
Schuster's, the old reliable. IL
Have you seen Mrs. Jack Frost?
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

The grandest display of brilliant
cut glass in the city at Erber's.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14
LOCAL AND PERSONAL.

Now for another hot day.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

If you wish hair-dressing or mani
curing done, call at the millinery
establishment of Miss M. Calvin, 2l3
East Broad street.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Go out to the East Side school
exercises tonight.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Eupion oil is the best on the
market,
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

If, you need good watch or
clock, call on Schuster, the State
LineJeweler. IL
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Telephone your order for ice
cream. John p. Kline. 527
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Do not fail to read the advertise
ment of Teethina in this paper. 5 II
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Charlie Mcbride says the fish are
ravenous in the old fishing holes
near his house. He says very few
Texarkanians have been there this
season.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Are you going to make a birth
day PRESENT. Chas. S. Erber can
suggest something nice. 3 16
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Don't have any oil in your lamps
but Eupion.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Lumber delivered to all parts of
the city, by the Standard Novelty
Works. SO
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Ice cream by the measure at ].
2. Kline's. Leave your order. 5 27
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Work is progressing very well on
the new Foreman building, on State
Line Avenue, 1t will be a splendid
business property.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Chain purses SOC to $3.50 at Er.
ber's. 3 1G
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Ice cream, sherbets, ices, all flaw
ors. John p. Kline. 527
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Everybody gets stuck on Mrs,
Jack Frost of N. Y. Al
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

WANTED-Reliable woman of 80
Tor older) to act as housekeeper.
Must be a seamstress. Apply GIG
Wood St. 6 u 3t
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

Senator Jones and VIM. Bryan
have had their talk in Chicago as
to what should and should not 90
into the Kansas City platform.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

w. R, King, who has been in
Memphis keeping books for VIM. R
Moore & Co., is back here on visit
to his fpther, Mr.. H, G. King.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14
WASH GOODS.

First Counter.
Another case Of Lewis Lawns,
20 yds for. .S1.OO
End Counter.
Scarbora Dimity. ..".. DC.
Bird Counter.
Populaire Organdie. N 1-2c,
4th Counter.
Striped Batiste. .,1Oc.
9TH Counter.
Marengo Lawn. ..- IL lie
9th Counter.
Sea Island Dimlty. .15c.
7th Counter.
Imported French Dimity, zoe.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14
TABLE LINENS.
You'll have to hurry at
these prices,

so in. Silver Bleach Damask II 1-2
50 in. Silver Bleach Da-
mask, extra quality 20c.
Ga in. Bleach Damask doc.
66 in. Pebble Bleach, all lin
en- Damask, 6Oc.
Y in, Satin Bleach Damask 60c.
u in. Satin Bleach (all lin
eu) Damask, 75c.
72 in. Double faced, Da-
mask, extra, Sl'oo
70 in. double faced Damask
extra, oi'Ao
All the above are. worth 20 pc
cent. more.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14

| the trst bottle and kept on improving. NOW |
| am so greatly improved IN health my
friends often speak Of it."
THE TEXARKANIAN
F. wOOTTEN, City Editor.
WEATHER FORECAST.
14LlA WEATHER BUREAU,
'@ TExARKANA, ARK, June 13. |
For Arkansas:-Fair to
p night preceded by showers
in extreme east portion.
Friday fair. Stationary
temperature.
F. F. MATHEWS, Clerk.
LOCAL AND PERSONAL. |
NOW Tor another not day,
Jewelry OF every description at
Schuster's, the old reliable. IL
Have you seen Mrs. Jack Frost?
Catch on to Mrs. Jack Frost of
N Y.-at S. M. Ragland's. All
Eupion oil is the best on the
market.
The grandest display of brilliant
cut glass in the city at Erber's.
Do not fail to read the advertise
ment of Teethina in this paper. 5 II
Ice cream, sherbets, ices, all flaw
ors. John p. Kline. 527I
Everybody gets stuck on Mrs.
Jack Frost of N. Y. AL
Telephone your order for ice
cream. John p. Kline. 527
Don't have any oil in your lamps
but Eupion.
Ralph Bros. have a machine that
irons the edges of collars and cuffs.
Chain purses SOC to $3.50 at Err
ber's. 316'
Ice cream by the measure at ].
P Kline's. Leave your order. 5 81
Go out to the East Side school
exercises tonight.
Mr.. John ]. Towery and family
are here from Chicago.
We have not heard of any one
offering block of ground for a
park yet.
Mr., DeMarce and daughter left
last night for Fairfield, Iowa, on a
summer visit.
Monday we will sell 5 cases mems
shoes at $l.25. DeLamar cuts the
price. 62
The Foreman Shoe Co., still re-
main headquarters for all kinds of
first. class foot wear.
Very latest cushionette turns in
ladies low shoes at DeLamars,
2lO e. Broad Street. 6S
Now is the time to rent a safety
vault box, at the State Bank of
Texarkana. Convenience and safe
ty combined. Ga
Are you going to make a birth
day PRESENT. Chas. S. Erber can
suggest something nice. BIG
Lumber delivered to all parts of
the city, by the Standard Novelty
Works. SO
The best OF everything the mark
ct affords, at Huddleston Bros
meat market
II, you need a good watch or
clock, call on Schuster, the State
LineJeweler. Ill
-------------------
Order Machine a.
Repair, By g
LONG DISTANCE
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14
COMMENCES MONDAY, JUNE
BEST IN TOWN.

BEST in IUWN
Is the remark made by tnQs' M
who have seen our line OF va
lenciennes, Edgings and lnSeI, !,
tions. This line alone hasmaos a.
us many customers during 3tns me
past week. They find tnal ',0J u.
can get what they want II ,1n' ,,,,'.
line here and at most reaSoI'''
bic prices
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14
UNDERVESTS.

Lot 20o9, Swiss ribbed, taped
sleeves. ..... 3 for 25c
Lot los, Swiss ribbed, taped
neck. .......,.,...1 1Oc.
Lot 5000, Swi~s ribbed, silk
taped, ......,,...2 for 25c
Lot 56l0, Swiss ribbed, large
and small sizes 5 for $500
Lo, 440,L isle Thread, silk
taped -. .25c.
Lot 500, Silk and Lisle, soc
quality. ..3 for $1.00
Lot ll85, Silk finish, each, soc
We have a full line Of long
and half sleeve vests, either in
large or small sizes, also black
vests and pants, Silk vests in
blue, cream, pink or white,
$l,00 quality, this sale $50.
For One Week Only.
The Daily Texarkanian., 1900-06-14
HOSIERY,

LADIES.
Lace stripe, 7 pairs for 81 90
Plain seemless, and fast colors
black and tan, IL prs $1,00
All Lisle Lace, 4 prs for 100
All 40 gauge mace, 4 prs 100
Extra quail, LlSle Lace, 3pr 100
Superior quail. lace Soc
Extra quail, tan Isle, SOC,
quality.,..3 pair for 81. 90
MISSES.
black, 5 pairs for 25c.
: { 3 pairs for 25c
40 gauge mace, S prs for 500
SO gauge lx2 ribbed, 4 pairs
for. or..,..........,,. 500
All Lisle Lece, a prs for 100
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-12-19
Pointers For Girls.

About eighty-five per cent of the
girls on the farm are predestined to
become home-makers and home-keep-
ers before they reach the age Of
twenty-eight. This is the way of the
world and were it not so there would
be far more kicking than there is
now. Now, as the girl is foreordain-
ed to this fate, if you like to call it
such, is it not just simply good sense
to ST. train the girls that in the larg-
est and best sense they may become
competent and efficient as such
home-makers? Here are few of the
accomplishments which she should
possess. First, she should be taught
a knowledge of her physical being
the womanly life, how to preserve
her health and rightly use her physi-
cal powers. This is imperative, both
for her own sake and that of her
children. No end of girls marry
young in life, mere babes in their ig-
norance of the responsibilities of
matrimony, only to learn in the Bit
ter school of after years what their
mothers should have taught them
before they ever left the old home.
Inns girl should have instruction in
household sanitation and hygiene,
and be taught the value of plenty of
fresh air and sunshine in her home.
She should study enough of physiol-
ogy and simple remedies so that she
may not be left Utterly helpless, as so
many women are, when petty acct
dents and the common ills of human
ity come to her family. She should
be taught how to cook well, not by
guess, but should know of the scien-
tific value of the food prepared for
her family. She should be able to
tell when she sees it, whether joint
of meat is cut from the neck end of a
fore-shoulder or whether it is n sir
loin roast. She should be able to
make good bread and prepare all the
cereal foods in the best manner. We
would have her trained to cut and fit
her own dresses and those of her
children. We assume that she will
have, naturally, refined tastes and as
she has the means will know how to
beautify and decorate her home with
taste, and that, of course, she will
develop the moral side of her nature.
1t will be noticed that we have said
nothing about music, art, literary
work and the conventionalities of So
ciety, for these things are sure to re-
ceive attention, but have only men,
toned few lines in which the educa-
ton of our girls, in view of their des-
tiny, is most lamentably deficient.
The other fifteen per cent of our
girls which become bachelor girls
and delightful old maids need diff.
ferent sort OF training, one which
should be specially designed to ena.
BILE them to earn their own living in
some one of the many vocations now
open to women.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-12-19
A Big Loss.

20 writer lives in a community
e"" there is located one of the
est gathered cream creameries of
west. The cream which supplies
creamery is all raised at the
fners' homes by the deep setting
Al. The plan has worked so satis-
.ctorily that every attempt to get
he creamery shifted over to the sep
drator plan has been failure. The
actual loss in butter fat resulting
amounts to an immense sum each
Jear, equal, it is safe to say, to 20
per cent of the value of the entire
product made. But these patrons,
while conceding this loss, still prefer
to be rid of the milk hauling and are
sure of good quality of skim milk
for their calves and pigs. The farm
separator would seem to be the log
zeal solution of this problem, but for
some reason the patrons do not take
kindly to this plan. In some man
ner this great waste of butter fat
should be avoided. amounting in a
year to far more than the entire cost
OF operating the plant.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-12-19
Steer We. Cow.

The inquiry is made as to whether
the S50-an-acre farm of the west can
be devoted to the production of beef
This is a question of very great In
terest to many farmers who have
prospered with the dairy as the lead
ing interest of the farm and who
now would be glad to carry on the
farm on lines which would not in
volve so much hard work and render
them less dependent upon the ca
prices of hired help. We look at this
matter thus: with the population OF
the country increasing more rapidly
than its beef supply there is nothing
to Indicate much lower prices for
good beef than now obtain. Assum-
ing that this price is S. per cwt. for
a well-bred two-year-old steer and
that such steer can be made to weigh
1000 lbs, which figures, both as to
price and weight, are placed, we
think, within very conservative linn
It's, we have the proposition clearly
stated. There is no doubt that this
$50 animal as machine to work up
the raw material produced on the
farm can be grown at handsome
profit and at a minimum of work and
worry for the man who grows him.
While the good steer cannot be made
to produce as much money in two
years as the good COW, the profit he
does return is so much more easily
obtained that a man is apt to soon
get tired of running big dairy after
he has studied out the problem.
This steer for this farm, it is
almost unnecessary to say, must
be high-bred fellow-a Doddie,
Galloway, a Shorthorn or a Here
ford; he should be all beef, with
not a faint of dairy blood in his
makeup. He runs with his dam as
long as she will suckle him and is
then pushed to make the most of
him up to two years of age. Raised
in this manner he is quite likely to
grade up as fancy beef and command
fancy prices. Where this change is
made from the dairy to the steer,
the old man and the hired man as
they come home from the cornfield
on June evening after hard days
work will stop and look at the steers
in the lot and praise the Lord that
there is not two hours work pulling
teats to be done before they can go
to bed. Steers, poultry and sheep,
while requiring care and attention,
still do not compel that sort of agri-
cultural slavery which is inevitably
associated with the dairy farm.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-12-19
About Reee-

A friend writes inquiring why we
do not say something about bees in
these notes. Others have made the
same inquiry. Replying, we say that
we do not like to write about SUBJ
Jects or phases of agriculture which
we have not had practical experience
with. Unfortunately, there is no
natural affinity between the bee and
the writer. They invariably sting us
II we ever go near the hive and while
we never cease to admire the Won
derful intelligence which dominates
the life of this most valuable little
servant of man, we like to do it at a
safe distance from their corporate
residence. The ability to success
fully handle bees is a sort of natural
gift, some persons being born with
the bee instinct just as some are
born with sort of pious way with
them and If one is not born that
way he had better buy his honey.
There is much connected with bee life
There is much conencted with bee life
which appeals to our natural in
stinct, especially the thought that
the bee works for one for nothing
and boards himself, that he keeps
everlastingly at it and does not mind
being robbed of his earnings. 1t is
hard to conceive of a more enviable
lot in life than to lie out in ham,
mock under the apple trees and real
lie that a hundred hives of bees are
all at work in your neighbors' gar
dens storing up honey for YOU at
the rate of $2.75 a day and YOUR
dreaming lulled by the drone of their
humming, 1t helps the matter to
know that your heighbor, whose or
chard bloom is being thus raided is
shovelling dirt on the road at $1.50
per day, or digging away for dear
life to get his corn planted. The bee
is surely godsend to the constitu-
tionally lazy man and all those who
may be born tired. In this particular
we commend the business to many
of our readers. The only thing which
IL a way approaches this bee business
Is to keep hundred old hens and
then go and lie down on the sunny
side of straw pile in April and lis
ten to their cackling, while they turn
out couple of dollars worth of eggs
and you with nothing to do but to go
ohu Sa"thNi Nl's We hdNC NIItlCl
thus lengthily of the bee business be-
cause it may prove of some help to
such of our readers as enjoy making
a living without much effort, for lazy
folk can get along il they only know
how. We might add that on general
principles, being IA good American
citizen, we are opposed to the form
upon which the bee administers his
governments queen, you see, then
large class of Industrious workers
and another of drones, who just lay
around and live off the others. This
is all very undemocratic and un-
American, though we do get a most
valuable lesson from them of the
beauties Of cooperative effort. After
all, we can learn much from the bee
and some can make money by keep
ing them, but we We're not born that
way.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-12-19

We are not so patriotic as to de-
sire to see rapidly increasing popu-
lation in this country. The more
people who live on the square mile
of territory the larger the proper
ton of paupers, criminals and scads.
We have heard men praise the old
fashioned families of a hundred
years ago-ten to fifteen kids-with
never a thought of the burden thus
placed upon the wife and mother of
such family to cook for them and
patch and darn for them or of the
old man who had to hustle from day
light to dark to feed them. There
are well-defined, reasonable limits as
affecting the size of families just as
there are on the numbers of people
living in a community. Man never
does his best, nor attains the largest
measure of pleasure in living when
he is crowded. China well illustrates
the evil effects of over population.