davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07

DR.. John p. Bishop will present the
Bryan and Stevenson Club of Charles
Town with lithograph picture
of the national candidate. handsomely
framed.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07

North Carolina went Democratic last
Friday by $1,000 majority.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07

In conversation several days ago with
Col. R. p. Chew, of the State Board of
Equalization, that gentleman called our
attention to the fact that of all the i'm
mense products of coal and oil in West
Virginia. the amount of revenue to the
State from this source is almost abso-
lutely nothing. These articles are taxed
as personal property. and only such little
amounts as happen to be on hand on the
Ist of April of each year are taxed. The
output in these products in West Virginia
is immense, and that on hand one day.
which may be made a very reduced guam
tity if so desired. is but small proper
ton of what is annually developed of the
latent~wealth of the State. and which
s. ould in all justice bear its proportionate
burden of taxation, along with the prop
erty of the farmer, the merchant and the
manufacturer. Appointment State Board
of Equalization might be of great benefit
if charged with the duty of looking after
matters of this character and framing
and recommending laws to meet the re-
ql.remsnts of such cases.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07
Wv H MARr1S. +,

Conditions in West Virginia. . says
Hon. John II. McGraw, are vastly i'm
proved over those of.four years ago. and
the indications point strongly to Demo-
cratic victory. In 1896 such Democratic
leaders as ex-senator Camden and ex-
Governor Fleming supported Palmer and
Buckner, and aside from their personal
efforts the moral influence of their refusal
to support the regular Democratic nomi-
nees had a powerful weight throughout
the State. This year these leaders are
for the ticket and the party is united and
harmonious. The only method by
which the Republicans can carry the
State is by the Importation of negroes,
and every precation will be taken to pre-
vent this being done
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07

Col. Clarence L. Smith, senior editor
of the Fairmont Index. makes positive
announcement that the name OF Hon. o.
S. Mckinney. junior editor of that paper.
will not be before the Democratic Con
gressional Convention for nomination,
the people of Marion county desiring
his return to the State Legislature.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07

Mr. Joseph B. Feagans and Miss Ella
Wilmington, of Frederick Co. We're mar
at the Baptist parsonage Thursday, the
I'D inst, by Rev. L. R. Milbourne
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07
Bank Notice.

The Bunk of Charles Town win be closed
ON Monday, Sept. ). 1900 (I.alOr Day).
GEO A. PORTERFIEzD,
July 3t. Cashier
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07
I73 Per Gem. AnnuaIIv.
HATS THE PRnFTr-CoPPER, THE ARTICLE
--MENIco TmE -CouNTnN.

that's THE PRnFIT-CoPPER, THE ARTICLE
MEXICO THE COUNTRY.
'El Pregrcso'' in It's group Of six mines has
some OF the richest copper ores in the richest
mining country in the world. Ore RUS 70 per
cent. coTper. 10 OK. silver, a trace OF gold to-
tai Value about e43 ton, aud In two 0f tho
mines, 10 addition 20 copper aud silver, ore
curry, about sos ton.
The great Lake Superior copper mlncs--
Calumet and HecIa, Wolverine Tanarack
quincy, etes-that annually return millions.
run only from SO to S13 a ton.
Boston and Montana years ago sold fo.
go share to-day 500, paying go per cent
on Investment.
United Verde sold for zoe. a share, today
stock not In the market and pays S6B6 per
cent on Investment
Calumet and Hecla sold for q a share, to-
-day worth $500, aud pays on Investment TO-
OOO per cent.
Entire capital stock OF United Verde vas
offered for S150000 and refused. Senator
Clark, later, pad e260, 900. and to-day he has
an annual ncomc from this property of over
e18, O00, 600.
II this is possible here With labor slx tinea
higher than In Mexico, with ore five times less
valuable, with fuel five times deaFer and w.
erythiDg else IN proportion do yOu doubt that
FL Progreso will re;nEn 1z3 pee cent. and more
annually to original investors. 10 first stOck-
holders who contribute the money TO stars
"bnll rolling. who arc on the tiground aooriiS
Am experienced, know the country ,thCpeO-
know the mines of this section OF Mexico aud
unhesltatiugly stale II PrOgresD Is the best;
have been worked for generations IN Mexis
can way, and supplied the copper for the snf-
rounding country. No attempt ever made 70
extract the gold, silver or quIclssiiyer
modern 10 ton concentrating aud smelling
plant smelling only the s43 ore-wiII Re mn
800, 600 per unnum: thus e43. SO for tFt.at-
ment. equals s33X40 tons equals 81, $40 4 dav
for 800 days equals e3B5. coo. This win nav
26 p c, on $1,000. GOO total capitalization. Pir.
value of shares 81 o. gOJ.O sharos ire
treasury stock, aud 400 900 Of tots 10 be sold
very low to raise money 70 start things when
price will be greatly advanced 100 600 AZ 10.
lall eoid). 100000 At 15c, 100 600 at poe, 100.
Dividend
II stock multiplied byNn
purchas- No.shares Annual shares foffislioS,
ed at fors1. Profit. animal profit
15c.......-69< 800. .173pc- { 3fpc 81, i73p13
20c $500. 8 ....... 13Opc. C28pc S ISO5cf
25c.-. ~. ...10lpc.- C26pe < 4, iOfbe3
soc ........2........ 52pc. .f26pc Z g 53pfi
G1.O0. -. -1-....... 2Gpc .C2gpc Oh 26,,..i
The best chance ever offered for aeeuffu6-
stock in Legitimate copper mining enfeepFise
Send for prospectus.
Organized company on q plan 10 give 4
chance To all--big aud little. rich aud poor.
great ani small, none need be excluded ID
quick, you can own SO shares for SI01. Of
90 shares for ever dOlisr YOU remit.
DAVID B. RUssEt.Is, President,
Fl PTogreso Copper Mining Co,
j. 37fg. 68 Wall Street, NeH York.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07

The celebrated Shubert, Mar
tin Bros. and Haines Bros
All of these instruments are
iirst-class, sold on five years
guarantee and at prices never
SO low before; we also have
tue agency for two fine grade
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07
Man "a. l.NDNUR w
one Of tho oldest aud Best Ia Tie Country.
stabiished 1850
ShannondaIe Snrinns

sHANNoNDALE SPRINGS HoTRI .zsse
OF The prettiest and most inviting OF The pgott
Virginia mountain resorts, open Juno for
guests. Rntes--s2 per day, "a per week.
Free kerriage To all patrons of the Hotel
For turth : Information apply to-
!. s. CRAWFORD. Pfop,r.
2 o. Charles Town, Jefferson Co., w Va
May 8. 1900.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07

White working on the additional track
now being laid by the B. & o. Railroad
between Shenandoah Junction and En-
giles in this county. William Handright,
of Kearneysville, was struck by engine
472, a yard engine at Shenandoah juno.
ton, which came up on the opposite track.
striking him in the back, hurting him in
to the air and landing him between the
tracks. His collar bone was broken and
his face badly cut and other parts of his
body bruised.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07
Ice, Coal and Wood.

am now prepared to furnish tile lest %
bard and colt coal AZ rock bottom prices.
Don't purchase until you see me. Also the
best OF wood Ia large or small lots. Pure lee
all the year round Soft Coal for tho use of
farmers, blacksmltha and engine operators y
specially. Orders left ut the store OF s. ii.
lands, or at my coal yard Formerly Kenne-
dy's) on the old Leetown road, win have
prompt attention, and satisfaction guaratkeed
Dec. 3. MARsHALI BURNS
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07

1t is said that Mr.. Horace c. 6sbourn,
of this place, will getfrom 90. 600 to 70. 600
bushels of peaches from his orchards on
the mountain near Harper.s Ferry.
and that Mr.. N. s. ]. Strider's orchard
at Uvilla will yield about i. 500 bushels.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07

AT the meeting of the Town Council
last night. Corporation Attorney ] F En-
gle gave an able and elaborate opinion
showing conclusively that the Council
had the undoubted power to make levy
sufficient to cover the extraordinary ex-
penses incurred by the late smallpox visi-
tation as well as the regular expenses for
the current year; wherenpon the levy for
1000 vas laid at So cents on each 800 of
real or personal property, with capitatlon
tax at So
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07

Liquid granite, best floor finish made,
both in point of appearance and durabil-
itY of finish. C. N. COLEMAN.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07
Notice TO Trespassers.

All parties are hereby cautioned against
trespassiug upon my l1nds ON the Shenln-
douh river in Jefferson county, W Va, as the
law will be vigorously enforced to its fullest
extent in all cases of its violation in this re-
gaId. JOHN W. WALRAVEN.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07

There will be an excursion over the
B. & o. r. R. to Island Park Wednesday,
August S, under the auspices of the
Friendship Fire Co., of Winchester.
Train VIII pass Charles Town. going, at
s:45 a. m. Returning ticket will be good
only on special train leaving Harper's
Ferr y at 6:3o p. m. same day. Round
trip fare from Summit Point, As cts, !;
Charles Town, IS cts. Halitown, 20 cts.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07

The last patient has been discharged
from Camp Washington, and the
smallpox, as far as Charles Town is con-
cerned, we trust is now thing entirely
of the past. This favorable condition at
SO early a date. without more serious re-
suits. IS especially dueto Mayor Washing
ton, the Board of Health and our corpo-
rate authorities, backed by our County
Court, to all of whom much credit is due
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07

Never before has such goods
been sold at such small fig
ures we are also selling the
celebrated
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07
SPIRIT or JEFFERSON

tow, IuyglasOr cOUnFI, y. "a.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07

TUESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 2, iooo.
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07
Excursions to Atlantic citv.

Cape Nay. Sea Isle Oily and Ocean Cliy. NJ j..
Ocean Cpy, Nd, and IPelLd6oLh Beach, Llel.
AHl uRnX 4 nun L, TELL
Spirit of Jefferson. [volume] (Charles Town, Va. [W. Va.]) 1844-1948, 1900-08-07

GO. ". HAMS. EdltoF qnd FIopIleIoI.
9I.5oia Advances s. if not Paid in Advance,
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1900-02-23
SHEPHERD & KITCHEN,
PROPRIETORS.

Above the grave of Hutchinson
man a stone has been erected of great
size, the base alone Weighing % tons.
There's a sleight-of-hand job for
Gabriel, some sweet day.
The Yates Center court house is
finished and ON the front is this
motto, suggested by Judge Stillwell:
"Do unto others az you would have
them do unto you" Now watch the
lawyers get around thatl
VIII Trembly, who won fame by
swimming the Bag Bag in the Phil
ippines, cinched his hold the other
day by bag bagging the Kansas City,
Kansas, politicians and capturing the
nomination for city clerk.
The Ottawa Herald gives the peo-
pie who think the Sheldon expert.
mSnt applies solely to newspapers
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1900-02-23
WEDNESDAYS REPORT

London, Feb. 21.-The Beers are
leaving all the positions held by them
on British territory and are concen-
trating for the defense of their own.
Sir Redvers Butler thinks they are
about to raise the siege of Ladysmith
and this is the large news of the day.
Gen. Clements reports that the force
confronting him has been greatly di-
minished. Ten thousand men are esti-
mated to have gone from the Coles
berg district alone. The Beers are
also retracing their steps from Zulu
land. Thus they are relaxing their
hold on all sides in order TO assemble
TO oppose Lord Roberts. He is press
ing on steadily towards Bloemfon-
TEN. This is shown by his inconse-
quential telegram from Paardeberg,
so or GO miles away. Doubtless he is
miles behind the column that is pur-
suing the Beers and the next impor-
tant news may be the occupation of
Bloemfontein.
Nothing has been heard from the
chase of Cronje for two days. AL
though the last words of the war of
flee were that there was no news for
publication, there is strong dispo-
sition to believe that favorable infor-
nation has been received, but is being
withheld until the operations culmi-
nate in something more conclusive.
There is an equally strong disposition
TO think that Gen. Cronje has got
away.
If, as Gen. Butler AYERS, the Beers
Rreretreating from him, then the news
on every side is favorable to the Brit
ish Nevertheless troops continue to
go up The war Office thinks that the
call to veterans to rejoin the colors, TO-
gether with the bounty, win bring
$4,000 men 10 the home defense. The
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1900-02-23
CronIe OfrerIng a stubborn Ke.i.tanca.
Som e Dreams Of AYarice.

Down in the Arkansas zinc country
lies several hundred acres of land
which belong to lola people, bought
at prices ranging from five to twenty
dollars an acre. News of the active
work on the railroad which is to enter
the territory and double prices of
land is again coming and the
dreamers are again dreaming. Nearly
all the lola land is in the Dodd City
district and general review of the
country by the North arkansas MIN
ing Review, contains the following
items about lola land:
every fine lead is found in the lola
at a depth of eighty feet. Not foot
of this mine passes through any but
paying stuff.
"An excellent run of ore has been
found in the Golden City at depth
of 60 feet. A few drifts prove that the
ore widens on either side.
"The Clear Jack, near Dodd City,
has been drifted to depth of :sixty
feet and is placing pure jack on the
dump.
"Blue Hill is the name OF new
mine owned by the lola company and
1t has already made a fine showing of
lead.
"At depth of seventy-two feet the
Captain Mack is showing good ore.
Manager Mcclure expects to be ready
for the Harrison railroad when 1t ar
rives."
And then there are lot of tracts
which are not being developed but
which may prove to be bopanzas some
sweet day.
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1900-02-23
TUESDAYS REPORT

London, Feb. 2O.-A member of the
cabinet told II. w. Lucy last night
that the war office had received a
telegram announcing that Gen. Cronje
was hopelessly surrounded
The Situation as disclosed by cor
respondents over the Free State bor-
der is tantalzing to the public cX-
pectation. The elementary facts are
that the Beers are trelCliing eastward
toward Bloemfontein, with slow NOV
ing baggage trains and that they are
pursued by Lord Kitchener, with Gen.
Kelly-Kenny's division. Gen. Melon
aid, with the Highlanders, made a
forced march to Koodoosrand ford
and on Sunday pushed 20 miles east
ward. Gen. French left Kimberley
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1900-02-23

something to ponder by suggesting
that they consider what Jesus would
do If he were delinquent with his
paper.
Lawrence World: According to the
assertion Of Frick, Carnegie made
forty millions clear profit last year.
There was a suspicion out that he
had 80 much money he did not know
what to do with 1t when he paid for
abling messages to AguinaldO.
The Erie Record, after noting the
find of vein of coal beneath that
town while seeking gas, says: Erie
Is more religious town than lola or
Chanute and we think the Lord
ought to at least be as good to us as
to these other towns. Just think OF
1t! He even let Humboldt strike
gas ~
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1900-02-23
an assured and growing numerical
superiority"
The War only Really just Begun.

London, Feb. 22.-The Cape Town
correspondent of the Daily Mail says:
at is of the very gravcst importance
that the British public should not be
carried away by the recent successes
into a belief that the war is practi-
cally over. Nothing could be more
fatal to a satisfactory prosecution of
the war, and above all TO satisfac-
tory settlement of the whole country
after the war, than any relaxation of
military activity, any stoppage of
reinforcements, and temporizing or
bargaining with the Free State or the
Transvaal through mistaken ideas of
magnaminity toward an assumedly
beaten foe. The highest authorities
and the soundest opinion here say
that the war has really only just
begun in earnest. Indeed, they say
that the real struggle will only begin
when the present military operations
end"
Cronje Offering n stubborn Resistance.
Cape Town, Feb. GA special cor
respondent of the Cape Argus says:
Gen. Cronje is surrounded at Paarde-
berg drift, but is offering a stubborn
resistance. The British are Smelling
the Beers vigorously and expect to
capture the whole force.
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1900-02-23

urgency with which home defense is
pressed eXcites some wonder.
With the casualties just reported
the British losses in killed, wounded
and captured now aggregate 11,1e2.
The Military situation Reviewed.
London, Feb. 21.-Spencer Will<in-
son. reviewing the military situation
in the Morning Post to-day, says:
"The meaning of the position in Ma
tai is that the Beers have sent the
bulk of their forces to resist Lord
Roberts. Gen. Buller's aim is TO Join
Sir George White and then either TO
push on to Laing's Mex, or to send
back two divisions to reinforce Lord
Roberts, retaining two i'm Natal to
complete the recovery of the northern
triangle. II is to be hoped that Lord
Roberts will overcome Gen. Cronie
before the latter is reinforced. Other
wise the British commander may
find himself facing a Boer army equal
IN strength to his own, as all the
Beers appear to be hurrying toward
Crun ic. The actions now in progress
are the decisive battles of the war and
every effort must be made to rein
force Lord Roberts"
An American Makes Gun.
London, Feb. FLA dispatch TO the
Standard from Nlodder river, dated
February 10 and describin,' the re-
lief of Kimberley. says that....e maker
OF the gun christcned Long Cecil"
at the De Beers workshop was an
American named George Labram. lie
was afterward killed by a Bocr shell,
which fell i'm his room at the Grand,
hotel. The correspondent confirms
the report that the escort with he
British convoy at the Riet river vas
reinforced and made an unsuccessful
attempt to attack the Beers 90 the
rear. He says that Lord Roperts then
ordered the wagons to be abandoned.
The Capture of British Convoy by Beers
Cradock, Cape Colony, Feb. 21.-De-
tails have arrived here with respect to
the capture of the British convoy at
Riet river. 1t appears that the
wagons were laagered near the drift
and that the convoy was attacked
by 900 Beers with four guns. The
Smelling continued all day. One hun
dred ana eighty wagons were cap
tured, containing provisions and for
age. Half the drivers and leaders
were killed or are missing.
business Conducted Under Ground.
London, Feb. 21.-A dispatch to the
Daily Mail from Mafcldng, dated Feb
ruary 9, says: IAN business here is
being conducted under ground. The
resident commissioner has sumptuous
apartments in subterranean bomb
proof The Cape police have large
hall, with piano. The Mafelling ho-
tel dining room seats 40. All these
have been dug out and are impervious
TO shells"
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1900-02-23
Business Conducted Under Ground.
YESTERDAYS REPoR L

London, Feb. 22.--All the comment
in the morning papers, both editorial
and critical, is threaded with the dis
tnrbing suggestion that, despite hard
| fighting, Gen. Cronie has been able to
beat off his pursuers, has escaped and
is being reinforced by rail from Lady
smith and by forces on foot and horse
back from northern Cape Colony, as
well as the late beleaguers of Kimber-
ley.
As the correspondents with Lord
Roberts are silent the kilograms from
Boer sources receive some counte-
nance. The latter aver that Gen.
Cronje, while the British were en-
deavoring to surround him between
Paardeberg and Koodoos road, re-
ceived reinforcements under Dewitt
and that together the Boer command
ers fought the British to a standstill
The latest regarding Gen. Butler
circulated in the house of commons
last evening was that an agent of the
DE Beers company had received a
cablegram from Cape Town, which
must have passed the censor, to the
| effect that Gen. Barton's fusilicr
brigade had reached the hills com
manding Ladysmith. Quite apart
from this, however, and from every
other rumor, the early relief of the
beleaguered garrison is thought inev.
liable.
Winston Churchill, in a dispatch
from Chievelv. dated February 20, says
he still expects fierce fighting before
Ladysmith is relieved and he again
urges the imperative necessity of
pouring a continual stream of men,
guns and supplies" into the Cape. He
declares that soldiers are wanted in
South Africa and not at Aldershot.
Meanwhile he sees many "encourag-
ing signs that the Beers are weary
ing of the struggle"
The Times has the following from
Lourenzo Marques, dated February
| 81: According TO Boer account,
Gen. Dewitt claims to have captured
in an attack upon the rear guard of
Gen. French's column $50 wagons of
provisions and ammunition, $500 oxen
and So men"
A dispatch to the Times from
Cradock, dated February 10, says: at
is believed here that all danger of
colonial rising is at an end"
The Military Situation Reviewed
London, Feb. dispenser Willlin-
son, reviewing the military situation
in the Morning Post says: "Sir Red
vers Butler can hardly be expected
to follow up the Boer army to or
through the passes, but it is rather
surprising that he should have al
lowed the Beers to make good their
retreat from Natal without a des-
perate effort either to hold them fast
or to convert their retreat into
rout. The net result will be the addi-
tion in a weeks time of from $4,000
10 10000 men to the Boer army con-
fronting Lord Roberts. A prolonged
fight from Friday to Monday seems
to argue something like balance be-
TWEEN Gen. Cronje's and Lord Roberts
forces. The question, therefore, is
which side is able to get the largest
immediate reinforcements. The most
substantial reinforcements available
for Lord Roberts are the divisions
now On Natal, but 1t will take time to
move them. The purpose of the Brit
ish government is to crush the Boer
army and this purpose implies pos
nession by its ooDnmander-in-chief Of
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1900-02-23
KANSAS CLIPS AND COMMENTS

The Kentucky people are slow but
they have at last got in line with a
"poor feud show"
1t WAS a Kansas soldier who made
the ingenious remark that "sleeping
in churches is novelty" Ask any
preacher.
Arthur Grissom, of Kansas City,
who recently sold his claim to being
a husband and father as to $40, 900
damages, for $50, 900, lost the respect
of the sympathetic Kansas public.
The Parsons Sun complains because
several rich men use their eagles to
feather their own nests and give only
pleasant looks towards the towns
welfare.
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1900-02-23
Gen. Butler Pushes Forward.
Sacks Contained Gunpowder.

London, Feb. ia dispatch from
the Swaziland border, dated Friday,
February 16, says: "The Boer agent
at Bremersdorp, Swaziland, has been
maintaining regular communication
with Delagoa bay, via Swaziland. Two
coolie carriers have been bearing
sacks, supposed to contain salt,
through Tongaland. On examination
1t was found that the sacks contained
Runpowder."