The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1900-07-04
FouArH PAST AND PRES EMF.

I tween Hawaii ana MAUI, Wnlcn, the
year before. had brought about the in
vasion of the smaller island by nine
Y brigades OF natives led by Kalaniopuu
and including, among their warrior
chiefs. the young Ali who was TO be-
come Kamehameha 1. A battle which
cost many lives was fought among the
sand hills near Waikiki and the war
was still dragging on when. in 177s,
! Captain Cook rediscovered this archi-
/ pelago.
/ One hundred years ago to-day most
of the islands had been united and their
political government was slowly con-
solidating under the Napoleon of the
Pacific. At that time and for two years
subsequently Kamehameha lived in Ha-
wall during which period the King,
with the assistance OF Mr.. James Boyd.
built a fleet of war canoes and small
sailing vessels for the invasion of Kau-
al. Honolulu. during the decade begin
ming with the year 1900, was visited by
Alexander Campbell, a Scotch sailor.
who wrote OF 1t as follows:
The village OF Honolulu. which consist
I ed of several hundred huts, was then
/ well shaded with cocoanut trees. The
/ Kings house, built close to the shore
and surrounded by a palisade. was dis
/ t'nguished by the British colors and
I battery of sixteen carriage guns belong
/ ing to his ship. the ELLA Byrd. which
/ lay unrigged IN the harbor. At a short
distance were two large storehouses built
I Of stone, which contained the European
articles belonging to the King. The King 5
/ fleet of small vessels was hauled up on
shore around waiK.ki bay, with sheds
built over them. one small sIoop was
employed as a packet between Oahu and
Hawaii. Captain Harbottle, an old resi-
deIt. generally acted as plot.
Turning from the condition OF Ha
wall to that OF the United States a CEN
tury ago to-day. we find that the
Republic consisted OF the thirteen orig
inal states and their unOrganiZed Ter
ritories as recognized by Great Britain
in 1888. THESE were or are Maine, New
Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts,,
Rhode Island, Connecticut. New York.
New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware.
Virginia. North Carolina, South Caro-
lima. Georgia. Alabama, Mississippi,
/ Tennessee. Kentucky, Ohio. Indiana,
Illinois. Michigan and Wisconsin.
Everything west of the Mississippi riv-
er. comprising nearly two-thirds of the
present area of the United States, was
then in alien hands.
Nothing so testifies to the force and
vitality of the American idea as the
changes for the better which have been
made in the course of one hundred
years Hawaii became civilized at Am
erican hands before California did and
the first pioneers of the Golden State
sent their children here to school In
deed the first California newspaper
was printed on a press which came
from Honolulu. All that time. however,
the Americans had been pushing for
ward until, a generation ago their
conterminous possessions were greater
r in area than was the Roman empire
= To-day the flag of the Republic catches
2 the sunshine in the Eastern sky just
as it's stars and stripes are glistening
with the fading splendors of the distant
: west. While other nations have be
come empires by the process of cen
I turtles twelve decades have sufficed tC
. make the United States. both in area
a In the number Of its Inhabitants, in po
tential might and developed resources
one II the three great powers of the
wo. q. the British and Russian empire:
being the other two. In wealth It's po
sition is surprisingly strong. Professor
a Francois. a French economist, in thu
o course OF a recent Review article de
Q clared that the wealth and power of tn
: United States was one-fourth that o
a the world; that the wealth in 1890 wa
e $500 000, 900, while that Of the entir
: world was 1921. $50. 600 900. The wealth
$ of the United States exceeds that o
n Great Britain by 80 per cent. In com
: mercial. agricultural. mining and man
;, ufacturing industries the United State
l. held, by the census Of 1890, a rank be
,e tween one-fourth and one-third. TIL
n total railroad mileage Is now NOR
20 than half as much as that of the world
IL likewise the tons of freight carried b
,a these lines and the receipts of railwa
" business. According to Mulhall, tn
:. English statistician, the carrying pow
p er OF vessels used in American lake an
l. river traffic Is 100000 tons, which
,e one-fifth OF the carrying power Of tn
world on the high seas. The carryin
IS coastwise trade of the United State
= will probably show by the present cen
=. sus that il employs a larger tonnag
p than the foreign carrying trade G
Ig Great Britain. The products of Ameri
re can manufacturing according to Mul
* hall. are one-half as much as those c
- the remainder of the world. Speakin
pt OF our educational statistics in the Ger
n. sus of 1890 Mulhall says: ut may b
re fearlessly asserted that in the histor
re of the human race no nation ever be
"a fore possessed A. 000.000 instructed cit
nj ems" The annual school expendituI
I'd I'm this country Is $40 per inhabitan
10 Great Britain comes next with an cut
Id lay a little more than half as mucl
France spends only so cents; German
n. 50 cents; Austria 30 cents and Italy
b. cents.
nc The list of achievements might /
as extended very far but we have cite
OF enough to show that in rapidity of civ
IN lization the American idea yields
II none other; that 1t advances not 6
st does the European idea at tortoise paC
Id but with the leap OF steam and elet
in tricity. \ century and a quarter hs
at turned few scattered frontier coloni'
o. into an imperial nation: another Gel
5" fury OF peace and progress will mai
z America greater than all Europe in Il
K varied elements OF power.
" Hawaii too has shared in this aston
he ishing progress. What are other sem
nv tropic islands to it-islands where Il
70 European influence has held the ma