The Independent. [volume] (Honolulu, H.I.) 1895-1905, 1900-01-19
(Continued from 1st pages


pumping which would make it imprac-
ticable. The second way may be salts
factorily carried out by three methods
Firstly taking the material from the
ocean. Secondly eXcavating basins,
and making ponds and using the eX-
Thirdly obtaining the material from
the high lands.
The quantity of material required to
raise the surface of this district one
foot is estimated at 100000 cubic yards.
To furnish this material by the first
method would require the eXcavating
of channel 5000 feet long, 20 feet
deep, and 1876 feet wide, thereby re-
moving the Objectionable mud flats and
making clean, deep basin.
From numerous soundings made
by your committee, this method
would seem feasible. The material is
excellent but would have to be covered
with soil before vegetation would grow
upon it. The cost of filling by this
method ought not to exceed 80 cents
per cubic yard or three cents per square
foot for each foot filled.
The second method would probably
cost less but would leave only about
one-half of the land available for
building purposes. This method should
not be allowed if the earth thrown out
| of II INV
vegetable or animal matter and if there
is not direct connection with the
ocean in which the tide will ebb and
flow or the water is being constantly
changed by running springs,
The third method is question of
transportation. 1t would probably be
unsafe to cross the main streets of the
city, at grade, with trains of cars NOV
ed by power or gravity. The cost of
moving such large quantities of earth
by carts would be expensive and slow.
The filling might be conveyed by
water in pipes, by the same general
method in use by the dredgers in de-
posting their dredged material on
land. After the Government Pumping
rant, now under contract, is in oper-
aL4on, it is probable the water from
Makiki stream will not be needed for
domestic use. In this event the stream
could be damned and the water used to
convey filling material from the noun
tains to this district.
The estimated cost of getting this
material from the mountains should
not exceed 55 cents per cubic yard or
2 cents per square foot, for each foot
of filling.
Third-Ditches should be dug about
800 feet apart in existing or in propos-
ed streets for collecting surface water,
including that from above King street,
and as outlets for the numerous springs
and ponds in this district. They should
have masonry floor and side walls, The
inner surface to be smooth, SO as to be
easily cleaned If any foul water is AL
lowed to enter these bitches the
masonry side walls and floor should be
continued to the reef. They should
| lead by the most direct way to the
ocean and, unless supplied with run
ming water, should be constructed so
the tide will ebb AMI flow in them.
| Fourth-All streets should drain in
to these bitches and from them should
rise by grade of not less than six
inches in one hundred feet.
| The minimum grade recommended
by the Grade Commission is four feet
above city datum
Lots should drain by ditch in their
rear leading to the main bitches.
| Fifth-There should be at least three
| feet of open space under all dwellings
in which the air can fully circulate.
Building laws should be enacted re-
curing an unobstructed open space
around each dwelling.
Sixth-It is an imperative necessity
| that sewers be constructed in all
| streets upon which buildings are locat-
ed and they should be contracted for
at once so they may be completed by
the time the sewerage pumping plant
is in operation. Until such time all
waste from faucets should be con-
Quoted into the main bitches. Earth
closets only should be used,
Seventh-No household waste or
rubbish should be deposited on this
district or on any other land near in
halbited dwellings, hut IL should he talk