davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
VOCAL AND EL0CUTIONARY TRUTHS

Some Of the things that seem 10 W
to be worthy OF acceptance as vocal and
Evolutionary truths are these:
"The maximum effort in artistic res
piration should be at the diaphragm.
The minimum effort In yoice'proiuC!lon
should be at the vocal chords.
THE maximum effort In articulation
should be at the tip OF the tongue ana
at the lips.
THE lungs are composed Of classic
substance, and are encased In an elas'
tic framewor
THE lungs cannot be empued Of az
entirely. There must be always SOM
air IN the lungs. The air Is eallea us
residual air. and Is said TO amount t0m
20 to 100 cubic inches.
vital breathing. /, e., respiration Y,
life purposes. Is involuntary. II goes ga
during sleep and during other ilIns
when we are unconscious OF the process
Artistic breathing, /. e., respiration lN
song or for speech. Is largely voluntary
We are conscious Of the use OF oIeath
and we put forth efforts TO reguale u
In discussing vocal topics q dlsunctloA
should be drawn between vital resplia-
ton and artistic respiration
THE organs that produce voice @s
used also for other purposes-resp''''
ton, deglutition, etc, d,
"The mechanism OF speech ana "a
song cannot be seen. Visible speech p
a term that cannot be accepted h'els'
ly. but only in a metaphorical or afU'
trary sense. .,
THE foregoing truths are nss
fragments. We give them on the me
DRY that few slices are better than ~ ~
bread at all."-From an editorial !"
Werner's Magazine for January.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
A HEADLESS
Horseman Almost Won the Charge He
Apparently Led Against Prussians.

T., g.. ,.o,,,t.r oi,o,,,,,,,ro. ,ho.
- - a pe,'u~' ',''u'''s '''i'Os ui"'
hardened ana trained troops VIII 80
through a long fight surrounded by all
The horrors that are Insanarahie from
...,,,.,., 49,. -,
MsI "''nout mus aisu WIN 'ne "
MS appaIsns eanv ni, Nv aIu ' h'.
ssins ny" W., pe s.,uSn '.''u 'e'' ''e' "
silse ,,In'us sn.iu -.
nteIS va. " ails 'n ti',,,.i paI-
,l0uia,S "eis DSt"esh osN'I I,l lla.lO'is'
- pio''nV ~ lnellei ~. VI 'iiNal Vhaiau,
Yer ~ .ue'. NV. uut 80 unusual anu
uu'l1 VT q. we. ''ss appe-' W .ne ua-
tulai Il, 'il, 10, lol VI nlen livLc
suuue',ls SUI 'Isesse.s '',ei pernaPs tlie
nam teiroIs OF usys VI ea'i'ase anu
s slsl, ~ seas VI su.leIins Sueh an
l'I'luen' - we oi'V, ~, eNailp nv, Mn'Vh
- a, us. a"v " Wol'n, III
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
GRAND SCANDINAVIAN BALL.

The Scandinavian bah In odd Eel
lows Hall on Washlngton's Birthday
was a great success In every respect,
The hall was tas,efully decorated with
flags and as Il gradually filed with
dancers, young and old, the sweet in
fluenee OF the sDlrl, Of good fellowship
and sociability was felt by all
The boil was given Tor the benefit OF
the jubilee TO be- held here the coming
June. end II win be followed by other
entertainments Tor the same purpose,
the next on the program being
theatrical performance on the 5th Of
March next.
The following names appeared on thA
programs as constituting the various
committees on rrangements
Executlye-P. W Madsen. John =,
sorensen, John Bagmon, Martin Chris
tophersen, A. c. sorensen. J. :. Jen-
sen.
1nvitaiion--J. NJ. Sjodahl. A. W. VIM
berg Olof Nilsson, S +. Fernstrom, G.
]. Larsen. n. r. Nielsen, G. M0rck,
Hans Larsen L. DahlQuist. Edward
Berg, 4. a. Nordwall, G. A. soderbe@g,
Hugo Peterson. c, A. Eriksen. j :. Jen.
sen, Mrs +. w. Madsen. Mrs. Widtsoe
c. orlob. Gustaf Teudt, Mrs. Emma
Jensen. Andrew Jensen, Emma skog-
lund, John Telln, Agnes Teudt NJ
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
JUDGE TIMMONY'S COURT.
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.


Ed Laird and William Roach. who
were arrested yesterday by phone on
the charge Of befoullng the waters Of
pafley's creek. were on time o. X. To-
day. Attorney Dan Harrington appear
ing 10 defend them. A plea OF not guilty
was entered and the case was post
poned until next "Wednesday at 10 am.
Attorney Harrington viii enter DC
murrer 10 the complaint.
a. j. Traistead faced the judicial
bench on the charge OF disturbing the
peace OF various individuals, some OF
whom took the stand and testified that
the defendant was drunk and manifest
ed a fighting disposition, II was claimed
that he struck Mr. Frlskstead, and
the left optic Of that gentleman indicat-
ed that he had been hi. ana hit hard.
Testimony OF witnesses for the defense
brought out the fact that the man who
had been assaulted offered to dismiss
the case against Traistead for the con-
sideration OF $40 Defendant was found
guilty and fined 81.
Jerry Kelly said he was decidedly
drunk yesterday and the court said 50.
Il plead guilty. Youdge. want to so
away" said r. T. Naigt TO the charge
OF being intoxicated.
Said the court. Il guess we will give
you a chance and let you &c"
VIM. Long. who was arrested on the
charge OF assaultlng a Chinaman named
Hong Gong, was discharged. The testi-
mony showed that the Chinaman tried
TO pick fight and Long was merely de-
tending himself.
James Fadden a youth with light
hair. and dark reputation, was
charged with vagrancy. lie entered
plea of not guilty Officers Hempel and
Simpson testified that they had seen
Fadden hanging around a house Of III
fame ior several weeks and that he did
not work for a living. officer simpson
stated that he had seen Fadden In the
Mint saloon on several occasions at .
o'clock In the morning with his (Fad-
denO girl"
why didn't you bring in the propri-
etor OF the saloon, them said Judge
Tlmmony. Don't you know II Is
against the Law for woman TO be IN
those places az nlght?'
"The law says between the hours OF
Q and l2 o'clock" quietly replied officer
Simpson.
Fadden was given until dark to leave
town.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
A CORRECTION.
Laundry IL Not Sent from Infected
Families 10 salt Lake.

In the Desoret News OF Wednesday
evening appeared o letter, which Is al.
legged to have been received by chief Of
Police Hilton, OF Salt Lake City, from
Eureka. The writer, whoever be was,
made many erroneous statements, In
fact there was not q truth In the entire
letter II states that laundry Is taken
from smallpox patients here and sent
TO the Salt Lake laundrics. This is
mistake as neither laundry nor anything
else Is taken from people afflicted with
erupuve disease, Even mail Is disin-
fected before It is taken from Quaran-
tined families. Further down Il states
some they viii flag. and others not,
Just W the parties stand In the city or
town" As TO everything else in the
letter this is falsehood. Whenever a
family develops a case Of any skin dis
ease they are kept under close suryeil-
lance and when symptoms Of smallpox
appear the entire family is placed UNI
der strict quarantine Never has there
been time when 100 cases prevailed In
Eureka and at present there II not
over nifty and they are confined TO
about twenty houses and the city hos
pital.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
SOME DIFFICULTIES
IN CENSUS TAKING.


stitutioh must have said wbs, 49,.
ala not mean. What they really me-.
was to exclude all Indians belonr me-, y
a elaas not subject TO taxation Guy I"
All thess points are subjected IN a.
most careful. examination IN ths cs,, ~.
Office, and when q decision AS IL ~
LEGAL obligation OF the Office has ~.
reached, the statlsticians turn their 80
ientlon TO the economic and social y,
poets OF the question In hand Erns,,,
are consulted. the important ms y,
investigation are mapped out. and h.
quires are so framed as TO bring I'M,
the desired information IN a form IN
which it can be handled with Inc Nal.
lerith machines. At the same tlms
these questions must be put IN such a
way that they will neither be mlun.
derstood. nor likely TO evoke antaeon.
ism or false replies. No pains sre
spared 10 interest the public in he
work and 10 secure general and hearty
cooperation. Without that the mos,
careful work at Washington or By he
enumerat0rs must prove frultless
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
Being Adopted TO Prevent Further
Spread Of Smallpox
QUARANTINE PROCLAMATION
public and Private Gatherings are
stopped WIN Punish iniraetion
OF Regulations
speclal Correspondents.

Special Correspondence.
Eureka Feb. 22.-Tbe board Of health
met this afternoon at the city hall'
and the following proclamation was
drawn up and Issued this evenings
PROCLAMATION.
"The mayor Of Eureka city hereby
proclaims
oThat on this date all public meetings
OF every Kind shall be prohibited.
THAT an gatherings Of persons Mt the
depots, pustofiice, saloons ana 0ther
public places. shall be prohibited.
THAT no gathering OF people on the
streets shall be permitted.
"That all public and private schools
shall be closed.
"That all children shall be kept at
home. except TO do necessary errands.
EVERY gambling house snail close.
EVERY person who desires 10 patron
ise the saloons must transact his busi'
ness and leave at once.
Every keeper Of a saloon Is request
cd 10 enforce the last provision.
Every person who goes 70 the post
oiIlce will be required 20 transact his
business in the shortest possible time
and leave.
"All owners OF dogs are requested TO
keep them from running at large.
'Frhe police officers Of the city are
requested 60 dlsperse all gatherings OF
persons. wherever found.
"By order Of the board OF helath OF
Eureka City, Juab county, Utah, Feb
20, 1900.
J. II. sPRIGGs,
Mayor.
&C. w. CLARK Secretary and Health
Officer.
Attest, n. A. ROBERTSON, City At.
torney."
The above proclamation was issued
on account % this town being threat.
ened With an epidemic OF smallpox.
Notwithstanding the strenuous efforts
taken by the board OF health 20 pre-
vent the spread OF the eruptive skin
disease which prevails here some new
cases have developed during the past
two weeks. and the action Of enforcing
quarantine regulations 80 riRdly is
Justified. Persons who refuse to obey
the above proclamation VIII be placed
under arrest and prosecuted according
TO the provisions made for such cases
ERECTING A DETENTION HOUSE
Work was begun today upon a build
ing which, when completed, Will be used
Ne a detention house. The building will
be near the new city han and when
ever members Of n quarantined family
or any other persons dsobey the quar-
antine law they will be put into this
house and guarded for reasonable
length OF time. II they do not develop
symptoms OF eruptiye disease they viii
then be arraigned before the city jus
tlce on a charge OF violating city or
dinances and fined OF course people
who have not developed the disease
cannot be taken TO the clty's hospital
whore smallpox patients are confined,
and they cannot be imprisoned IN the
city jail. and as no suitable buildings
could be procured the city had to erect
one for the purpose.
POLICE FORCE INCREASED.
The police force,of quarantine officers
has been increased and at present there
are about six men employed by the
city 10 enforce quarantine regulations
and provide for the wants Of the people
az the city hospital and other places
quarantined
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
MACINTOSH FUNERAL.
Reys. Bishop and Wallace Conduct the
Ceremonies Today.

Funeral services over the remains Of
the late Richard Macintosh were held
at the family residence, east South
Temple street, at 2 o'clock this after
neon. The religious services were con-
Quoted by Rev. Ellis Bishop Of ST.
Paul's, and Rev j. d. Wallace. The
mansion was crowded with friends who
came to pay their final respects a. the
memory OF the dead. and a large corr
tege followed the remains TO Mt Ohyet
cemetery, where lnterment was had.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
NATURE HELPS THE BOFRS.

Nearly the whole South African plea.
,eau is covered with long. slender
grass which under the fierce sun. is
often as dry as tlndor Nothing can
live IN a yeldt IRE, and In lie passing
~ leaves q desert. Under the cover Of
the smoke that arises the Beers can
utilize that strategy for which they are
famous
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
Blizzard In Nova Scotia.

Halifax. N. S. W, Feb 2s,--since mid.
night, Nova Scotia has been in grasp
OF a blizzard The gale increased to-
wards morning to a hurricane, blowing
down telegraph poles, which carried
with them scores OF wires. The police
ordered all street light circuits out and
the city was left In darkness. with the
telephone service demoralized.
Several OF the principal streets are
blocked with wreckage. II Is feared
the damage to shipping on shore win
be considerable.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
The Ne,hersole Case.

New York. Feb, 2S.--The case Of Olga
Nethersole, whose production Of
"Sappho" caused her arrest on Wednes-
day was today adjourned in the Center
street court until next Friday. The
magistrate decided that the hearing
should be private. Several well dressed
and refined looking women. who had
been summoned as witnesses, protested
vehemently that they had been
dragged into the case" through being
induced to sign a petition against the
play. not thinking that II would get
them into court
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
AGREE ON FINANCIAL BILL.
Timetable and Refunding Provisions
Modified and Retained.

Washington Feb. 23.--At 1885 p. m.
Mr.. Aldrlch presented the conference
report on the financial bill TO the Sen
ate.
The timetable and the refunding pro.
visions, which were the two points re-
manning opea. were retained in the final
bill. hut the language was modified TO
meet The desires OF the House con-
feTeeR.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
j. A. M'ALLISTER NAMED.
Vacancy in the Agricultural College rrusiee-
sh.oflllsd Today.
Proclamation Issued by Acting Gov
ernor Hammond Meeting of thc
Trustees In this city Tomorrow.

Acting Governor James 7. Hammond
issued proclamation today appoint
ing John A. McAllister Of Logan City
member OF the board Of trustees Of
the agricultural college. In lieu Of M
w. Merrill. who recently resigned
Mr. McAlllstcr is a well known citi-
zen Of Logan, having for years been
engaged In the harness and saddlery
business,
President Mccormick has called a
meeting OF the board to be- held in this
city tomorrow morning for the pur-
pose Of electlng q secretary to MI the
vacancy caused through the resignation
Of Joseph r. Wilson.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
MAKES A CLEAN HOLE.

The Mauser bullet makes a clean per-
foration Of bone and muscle Soldiers
shot through both cheek bones have
lost The sense Of smell and taste. but
are otherwise quite we'll Most Of the
wounds are In the hands and arms.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
supreme Conrt Gases.

The following cases were argued be-
fore the Supreme court today and taken
under Amusement:
r. X. Smith VS. II. T. Jones ct al, APP
pellants.
Ben Schwab vs. Frisco Mining and
Milling company, appellant.
Anna Marks VS. Thomas +. Taylor ct
al, appellants.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
ANNIE B. COLES.

Mrs. Annie b. Coles wife OF John
y. Coles Of Kaysville, died at that place
yesterday, Deceased was the daughter
Of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Bodily OF SYRIA
cuse. and was but 81 years old at death.
For the greater part Of her life she has
lived az Syracuse, where she filed the
position OF church organist for a con-
siderable time and where she was well
known and was much loved by her
friends and acquaintances The illness
commenced on Tuesday, but death soon
came to her relief. Deceased has been
VIII be held In the Syracuse ward meet
Ing house at II o'clock ON Sunday morn
ing
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
DEMOCRATIC CONVENTION.
County Delegates win Meet at The
atfe Tomorrow Morning.

AZ II o'clock tomorrow morning the
Democratic representatives, TO the
partys county convention VIII meet at
the Salt Lake theater for the purpose OF
electing delegates 10 the State conyen-
ton which meets on March lst TO nomi-
nate candidate for congressional rep
resentatlvc TO be voted for on April End.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23

the result The large red splotches on my
chest began 70 grow paler aud smaller. and
before long disappeared entirely. | fegsincd
my lost weight, became stronger, and my ap.
we'll and my skin a. clear ~ piece Of glass.
X. L. hYShs. iooEulberry S.. Newark, n J.
Don't destroy all possible chance Of a
cure by taking the doctors treatment
ofmercury and potash. These minerals
cause the hair to fall out, and will
wreck the entire system.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
District Court Orders.

Judge Cherry made the following or
ders today
u. S. Scoville vs. Wells, Fargo & Co;
continued TO next setting OF non-iury
cases.
r. L. c9lburn VS. T. W. Griffith same
order
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
RETURNS TO CHICAGO,

Mr. and Mrs. Geo. A. Weber,who have
been visiting Salt Lake since the Coop.
Wagon ball. leave for Chicago tonight
Mr.. Weber Is OF the firm who make the
Weber wagon, and has, incidental TO
Other business. purchased mining urop-
critics 10 the extent Of $4,000 or $4,000,
and expresses very complimentary
IDEAS Of Utah in her business and social
relations
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
CALLEp HIS BLUFF.

One Of the boys was Dragging OF his
manifold accomplishments, until one OF
the company at the round table lost pa
tience, and said, In a gruff tone:
Now. we've heard enough about
what you can do. Come, tell us what
there Is you can't do, and I'll undertake
to do II myself"
Well" replied the student with a
ynwn Il can't pay my account here. So
glad 20 End you're the man 70 do it,
Golfers Wee KY.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
HUMANITY OF BORRS.

The Boer treatment Of war prison.
trs Is forcing commentator now even
from tie English papers. Here Is an
Instance o.. their humanity. Twenty.
FIVE wounded officers and men captured
az the Nlcholson's Mex disaster were
handed over uncondltionally 70 the
British medical stan by the Beers.
These men have since recovered and
are row proceeding 10 the front again.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
swindIed a Coloradoan.

New York. Feb. PA man who says
he Is Count Gull de Festetics OF Hun
gary. a relative Of Count Rudolph de
Festetics. who married Miss Lila Hag-
gin, granddaughter OF J. -. Haggin. the
copper baron, was held In 5000 bail to-
day In the Center street police court on
the charge OF swndling ex-Mayor John
y. Kerns OF Walllngsburg, Colo. cut Of
500.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
LATE LOCAL NEWS.

Superintendent OF Waterworks Hines
has had force Of men out for the past
few days examining valves and by
drants. They report them in a very bad
condition, and say there Is scarcely a
valve or hydrant In the city that comes
anywhere near approaching a proper
condition. The valves all need packing
and cleaning and new stems.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
Suit 70 Qnlrt Title.

Martha Winter ct al VS. the heirs Of
Stephen Hansen, deceased, filed a suit
against the Utah Western Railway
company and KniCkerbocker Trust
company In the Third district court to-
day. to quiet title TO a strip Of land.
eighty rods long by one hundred feet
wide, situated in this county and over
and across the lands owned by the de-
PENDANT company,
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23

Frolslund. +. i. Qust. Mrs. Fernstrom,
Mrs. Thomstorff, Siyort Jensen, Mrs.
Antonio Nilsson. Miss Agnes Dahlquist,
Miss Petr0lhe Garden, Miss Nielsen,
o. G. Hansen, Mrs. O. 6. Hansen, Mrs.
Christine Anderson. Mrs. olivia soren-
sen. Mrs. Emma Campo, Mrs. skonberg,
Charles V. Anderson
Receptlon-Mr, and Mrs. J. NJ. $50
dahl. Mr. and Mrs. Chrlstophersen,
Mr. and Mrs. j. s. Jensen
Floor-P. W. Madscn, A. G. S0rensen,
r. $. Ertman. G.. 4. Carlqulst, John ID.
Hagman. Ole Gulbrandsen, John Hal
yergen. NJ. ChrlstOphersen
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
POSTMASTER AND PENSION.
SPECIAL 10 THE "NEws. y

Washington, d. c, Feb. 25.-H. c.
Rich has been appointed postmaster at
Rich, Idaho, vice D. c. Wood, resigned.
A pension has been granted to VIM.
j Durfey. " Salem Utah. Of $.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
OH slides Up.

Lima, o., Feb. 23.--The price OF crude
oil was advanced cents a barrel for
the Lima product today. making the
market for North Lima oil l26, South
Lima and Indiana, l.2i per barrel.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
si,o0 OGDEN AND RETURN,
Tuesday, February a7th,

Via Oregon Short Line. Special train
leaves $3.50 a. m; returning, leave Og-
den at IL p. m. arriving Salt Lake to
connect with street cars.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
DIED.

wINTER.-Infant son OF Richard y
and Ida +. Winter, or Wno'gsa ,.i
cough; born January 18th ls'0' wv
February 22nd, 1909. s,v
Funeral service will be held SUNNI
at II m, at residence, No. az s0Vn
Fourth West street. Friends arc "
vlted.
TRIPP-At her daughters reslde,n,ess'
Ellen A. Cook. in 0dgen, utah ~
22 1900, Phebe p. Trip, wife OF T. p
Trip, Of general debility born Hs..
.. 1919. at Rumford, Maine me ~
mains were forwarded TO sax LAW
City. r,so,,s
Funeral from Joseph Wm. Iay'0''
chapel at II q. m, Feb. "a, 1900
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23
si.oo OGDEN ANO Return
Tnssday. rebraary giih.

Via Oregon Short Line. Special Train
leaves $3.50 a. m; returning leave o.
den at II p. m, arriving salt Lake 10
connect with street cars.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23

~ hleNf ViN hltFfWtfuN
spread all over my body
These soon broke outinto
sores. and It Is easy 10
imagine the suffering |
endured. Before 1 BE
came Convinced thai the
doctors could do no good
| had spent a hundred
dollars, which wss really
thrown away. then
tried various patent
medicines, but they did
not reach the disease
When / had iinished'my
first bottle Of 5. 5. $. I
was greatly improved
and vas dflightfd with
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-02-23

Calendars free to every Iady pN.
chaser az our Saturday SALE carama'
Csc pound. and mixed candy lie polni
at kolitz.