The age-herald., 1900-04-12
MORGAN'S BILL
 FOR BIRMINGHAM
Continued From First Page.)

The combination of these two ores enables the furnaces to work with efficiency and regularity. The subcarboniferous lime stone outcrops between the outcrops of coal and iron ore, the whole district being formed by an anticlinal, which has thrown the three respective outcrops closely to- gether. The limestone is of two qualities both carboniferous and magnesium or dolomitic.
 We have, therefore within the compass of half a county red and brown ores, limestone and dolomite, steam, coking, gas and household coals. The result Is that, owing to the absence of freight charges, which are replaced somewhat by switch ing charges, these materials gathered together more easily and more cheaply than in any other part of the world which is known to me There are in this country 23 blast furnaces. with a daily capacity for production of 4000 tons of pig iron. This pig iron is of three classes-foundry iron, forge iron, and basic iron for the produc- tion of steel. It is being sold and has been sold for many years in every state of the American Union, in Canada, and Mexico: and within the past four years the market of the Birmingham district has extended and become world wide, as our sales are now made to almost every civilized coun- try that is accessible by sea- In pursuance an amplification of this statement are re-
 
 harbor committee. in the hands of the of- fcial stenographer, on the subject of the improvement of the Valley river and Val ley creek waterway.
 As is we'll known, the manufacture of Bessemer steel is giving way before the competition of the open-hearth process, and fortunately for this district the open hearth process, which is the most reliable and produces the highest possible quality of steel, Is the one adapted to our needs. This Is now being used at two plants with in greater Brmingham-one, with daily capacity of from 1000 to 1,5O0 tons at Ems ley, and the other, with a daily capacity of from 100 to 200 tons in the city itself. The quality of this steel is controllable at will. l may state that shipments have been made of Ensley steel to the Benj. Atha & Illingsworth people at Newark, N. J., who made, I believe, large quantities of Drojectiles for the United States govern ment. This steel was relatively high car bon. The bulk of our production thus far has been called for in the shape of low carbon steel, especially suitable for steel hoops, plates, and wire. The average an- alysis of the first 200 heats of steel made by us, representing, say. 10000 tons, was:
 Per cent. Carbon .......... ............ ..............0l3f Sulphur ......... ........................... .024 Silicon ............... ...................... .005
 Since that time have, as a rule, been running on low carbon at the request of some of customers, to suit the pur- poses which they have in xiew. We can deliver any quality of steel required, rang ing from carbon 1 per cent. down to less than 010 per cent. Anyone familiar with the manufacture of steel and the open hearth process will realize that this is a matter wholly within the control of the op- orator, and that the requirements of the consumer can be adequately met either as to percentage of carbon and manganese or the guaranty of a minimum of phosphorus and sulphur. I have before me numerous analyses showing the sulphur down to 0.011 and phosphorus down to 0.02O.
 There are three rolling mills in the dis trict adequately equipped for the produc- ton of 400 tons per day of every form of manufactured iron and steel plates, sheets, bars, angles, tees, hoops. etc. Every class of shipbuiding steel can be furnished here. and every class of iron castings except malleable castings There is also now be ing built, and will be ready within ninety days, an establishment for the production of fifty tons per day of steel castings.
 The city of Birmingham Is traversed by two of the largest systems of trunk line in the country, belonging to the Louisville and Nashville and the Southern railways, having also connection with the Kansas City, Memphis and Birmingham and the Central of Georgia, and having the Mobile ana OnlO anu lIe ScHtidi "ieiii quite a short distance. It is admirably adapted for the shipment of government products of steel or iron either to its arse nals or to forts by reason of these railway facilities and the feasibility of the connec- tion of Birmingham with Mobile by water, which has been already recommended to congress by the secretary of war; would permit of the delivery to a government shipbuilding yard at Mobile of iron and steel necessary for the construction Of yes sells and the coal required for their bunkers at a rate not exceeding 50 cents per ton.
 The district is unique in it's concentration of everything which enters into the pro- auction of iron and steel at the cheapest possible costs. The facilities are such as should not, in my opinion, be neglected in the consideration by the United States government of the most economical points of location of it's business establishments, especially considering the strategic situa- South Atlantic or Gulf ports for ready and rapid access, or to the system of internal waterways which can be reached at Green vile Miss, or Huntsville or Sheffield, Ala, and yet it is far enough away to be safe from any hostile attack in case of war. The elevation of the city is 600 feet above tide water, giving excellent climatic con- Sitions. The elevation subdues the temper ature in summer, and the latitude prevents any interference by reason of rigorous weather during the winter.
 I trust that these facts may be deemed