davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14
solhlinel solhline! +!

II you are sick and tired Of rubbers,
which protect your feet from wet or
cold. and wish to save continual re-
soling of your shoes; II you wish to
longing the life Of same at least fifty
per cent. II you wish to save greas-
ing your belts in your manufactury.
go to Peterson & Brown. at Astoria,
and try a case Of Solfiline on your
shoes and harness. Buy your shoes
only of those who have that scientific
remedy. Take no other.
Address, PETERSON & BROWN.
General Agents. Astoria, orego.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14
THE LOUVRE,

Strangers visiting in the city will find
the Louvre an attractive resort wherein
to spend the evening. The ANIME Sisters
Ladies' Orchestra is still on the bills and
presents nightly musical program OF
exceptional merit, Handsome pool and
billiard rooms are feature in connection
with the house. Palatable lunches will
be served at all noua
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

The steamer Candy, Of the l. r. q N.
lire. Is to ply between South Bend and
Nahcotta this summer, making two or
more round trips daily. A guarantee
OF s15 has been given the company
owning the Candy by the merchants OF
South Bend, who intend to boom that
place as n summer resort this year.
The Candy will connect with the trains
for Ocean Park and Long Beach,
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14
rREAsURER's NOTICE.

Notice is hereby given that there are
funds in the city treasury to pay
all warrants drawn on the general
fund and endorsed prior to Septem-
her ], 1892 Interest win cease after
this date. F. ]. CARNEY.
City Treasurer
Astoria, Oregon, April 10. 1900.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

There arc flvc ships in the stream at
Portland ready TO sail as soon Ms they
can secure crews. Tho men before
the mast are ~ important person
ago In these waters Just now as the
man behind the gun" was In Manila
bay.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

Roslyn coal is the best and most eco.
nomlcal coal for household use in AS
torla. Try II once and you viii have
no other. George W. sanborn. agent
Telephone 1871.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

EASTER oFFERING.-Just opened,
new kid gloves. shirt waists. house
wrappers, belts, collars. mercerlzcd
silk pettIcoRts, lawns and percales.
McAllen g. Mcdonnell. 40 Commercial
street. Exclusive dry goods importers.
Best goods; lowest prices.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

The now steamer Reliance, built for
The Dallea. Portland 4 Astoria Nayl.
cation Company at Portland, broke
down on her trial trip yesterday. The
break down was not serious ana does
not count against the staunchncBs or
efficiency Of the boat.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

Easter services VIII be held at the
Bapilsi church tomorrow as follows.
Sunday school at 10 a. m, preaching
u A. M, -. Y. =. u. at $3.50 .. m.
preaching at 1880 .. m. There viii be
decorations, music. etc. appropriate for
the day, Al invited
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

From government data completed
relative to the forestry OF the United
States. and the results OF the sur
veys and estimates OF standing timber
collRted and published, It appears that
there IL a total OF standing timber
amounting to HATS. 100000 feet. The
fact that Washington has lost more
of It's wealth OF timber through forest
fires than by milling operations Is
worth remembering, however, in con-
nection with the adoption of measures
to limit this frequent source OF destruc-
tion in future. Professor Gannett, who
had charge OF the surveys In this
state, places this loss at 4O,OOO,00O,00O
feet, worth. at 75 cents for stumpage.
$50, ,OOO,O The mills Of the state could
have operated some twenty years upon
this contribution to the carelessness
OF controlling forest fires, and pro-
duced finished products up in the hun
dreds OF millions.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14
TO CURE a COLD IN ONE DAY.

Take Laxative Bromo Quinine Tab
let's. All druggists refund the money
If 1t fails to cure. E. W. Groves sig
nature is on each box. 25c
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

and imposition 10 this late day, 81
view Of the general exposure that has
been made through the press Of the
Northwest.
The program for the Easter services
at the Methodist church tomorrow has
been arranged. II n as follows: l.
Prelude: 2-Doxology: 3--Apostle's
Greed; l-Hymn 2s5. Hymlnal; b--In-
vocation; g-chanting Of Lords Pray
or; 7--Anthein, Christ IL Rlsen," with
soprano solo by Miss Woods; s-Psalm
1g; 0--0loria Patrle; 10-Bolo. "The Day
OF Resurrection" Miss Maddox; IL
Sermon. ~ new Sermon on the Res
erection; i2-Anthem. "The Resur-
ectlon." With solo by Prof Thornton.
In the evening. services will be held
as follows; 1--Anthem. The Wagner
Festival Jubelate; 2-sermon. subject.
How to Succeed: What is Essential
70 Success" 3-solo. The Holy city,
Miss shlgeIy. The musical features
viii be under the direction Of. organis..
Miss Elmore; vlollnist, Mr. Strom; cell
10. Mr.. Frederickson; leader and choir
director. Mrs. Samuel Maddox
II Is reported from Portland that c.
r. Huntington. Of the Southern Pa
cliic. says that he Will build n road
from Sheridan TO TllIainook. providing
fair interest on the investment can
be secured. A letter was read from
him before the regular meeting OF the
Portland board Of trade yesterday. The
board has taken the ina;,nf up with
X. Koehler. the local manager Of the
Southern Pacific. who had referred
the question 10 Mr.. Huntington. The
letter replied as follows: Yours Of
April is received, and note what
you say OF building road from sherl-
dan to Tillamook bay. looked that
country over some years ago, and. as
remember II, II might pay us some
thing 20 build q railroad TO Tillamook,
but we have as much work laid out
as we can do this year. viii endeayor
to have the whole matter looked over
again. and should there be a prospect
OF getting a fair Interest on the invest
ment. we viii entend the road from
Sheridan out" According TO Tillamook
people who are In position to know,
there Is no doubt such a road would
pay.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

Bvert A. Isakson, a native OF Rus
gia; Joseph soich, native Of Austria,
and Charles v. Andersen. a native Of
Denmark, filed their first citizenship
papers with the county clerk yesterday
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

Tho launch Iris is now on the run
between Astoria and warrcnton. pre-
pared to handle freight and passengers.
Bhe will connect with the Portland
steamers,
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

Pacific lodge, No. IS, Degree OF Hon
or. will give Bon Bon ball on Monday.
April l6. at Hanthorn's hall. Grand
march at y. m. Children under II
years OF age win not be admitted
Tickets so cents a couple No free I'D.
missions.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14
ropAY.s WEATHER.

PORTLAND. April i.-western ore.
Eon and Western Washington. ocea.
Hional showers today.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

Tho danger Of attempting TO domes-
ticate Alaskan or other northern
breeds Of dogs In this climate was
shown yesterday when the heavy
coated Chow" belonging TO Customs
Inspector Neil Crosby was attacked
with the rabies and had TO be shot.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

BEST 15-CENT MEAL; RISING
SUN RESTAURANT.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

y. A. weander. prominent busi.
ncaa man OF South Bend. IL IN the city.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14
AROUND TOWN.

HipHhl ehoWtfh Nouoy'
AROUND TOWN.
Jeff'a Ia the only" restaurant White
cooks.
". NJ. Hough,on OF warrenton ia in
Astoria.
Theo, q. Rieon OF South Bend Is in
Astoria.
William Luoe was over from Neha-
lem yesterday.
Horses for sale at daston's stable on
Fourteenth street
Victor waAhburn was down from
Brookheld yesterday
W, u. Young was in the city from
oak Point yesterday.
Best cup OF coffee In the city at the
Model restaurant.
Furnished room for rent over Rosn,
HiEEina a Company.
y. NJ. Warren came up from War
Fenton last evening.
Mr.. and Mrs. o. A. Turk OF Van.
couvcr are In the city.
Mr.. and Mrs. j. II. whlleomb Of
Aberdeen are In Astoria.
Miss Della Otis Of KaIama IL visit.
inR Mrs. Charles 0ettiere.
~
hest iS.ecnt meal. Rising Sun Res.
tAurant. 6i2 Commercial street
Mn, Robert Johnson Of North Cove
is guest at the oeoident,
Sweet cream. guaranteed TO whip.
fresh every day at tho Parlor.
Jeff's rcataurnnt-the largest and
best. A trial will convince you.
The Oriental liner Monmouthahire
finished loading yesterday and put to
aea
The Del Norte from San Francisco
passed up TO Portland yesterday morn
ing,
A small place Mt clatsop for sale or
rent. Suitable for chicken ranch. Ap-
ply 10 a. Tagg, Parlor Candy Store.
Herring a Cook. Commercial street,
betwen Tenth and Eleventh. IN the
only FIRST class all-night lunch house
IN Astoria.
General produce. lsh and commission
store and employment agency, Old
metal and rubber bought 400 Duane
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

c. G. Maaten. the well-known logger
OF svenacn. was In Astoria yesterday
on business.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

Robert jeffrey has returned from a
vacation trip TO Eastern oregon.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

W, c. Parson left yesterday for
Ban Francisco.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

Mcssrs. Edwards and Fuller. marine
inspectors, came down from Portland
yesterday and inspected the steamer
Harrison. She was found to be all
right with the exception OF a little
caulklng.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

II Is reported the steamer Laguina.
san Francisco. went ashore on the Till
amook bar ON Wednesday last. There
II nothing official In the report. al
though such an accident is by no
means improbable. as the bar at TlIla-
nook has been very treaeherous for
some days.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

W. C. Parson left yesterday for
Ban Francisco.
Robert jeffrey has returned from a
vacation trip TO Eastern Oregon.
y. A. weander. prominent busl.
ncsa man OF South Bend. II In the city.
c. 9. Maaten. the well-known logger
OF svenacn. was In Astoria yesterday
on business.
q. G. Hegardt is up from Fort Ste
vena, accompanied by his wife and
son.
wanted.-To rent centrally located
furnished house. Address X. care As
toriRn.
Judge Gray returned last night from
Portland. where he attended the repub.
llcan state convention.
The Model IN the neatost restaurant
IN Astoria; the meals are the finest
for tho money. and the service the
best
A four.maAted vessel was sighted on
the bar late yesterday afternoon but
gave no indications OF wanting 10
make this port
Harper Whisky In LIQUID music. bot.
tied poetry. ripe. mellow. refreshing
and delicious. Sold by Foard q Stokes
Company. Astoria. Or.
Cream Pure Rye. Americas finest
whisky The only pure goods; guar.
anteed rich and mellow. John l.. Carl
son. sole agent.
Tho revenue cutter Perry arrived In
port with a rush" last night Moth.
Ing could DO learned an 10 her imme.
diate future movements.
The funeral OF the late N. J. Mearra
took place at Pohl's undertaking par.
lorS yesterday afternoon. The re-
mains were inferred at Greenwood.
The Columbia passed out on time
yesterday morning with a full cargo
and passenger list. Both tcke and
freight business is booming on the
coast line.
The Fashion. $50 Astor street. the
palace OF attractions. See the new
automatic Regina organ, the only one
on the coast. and listen TO the grand
pianola. We serve our patrons with
the choicest wines and liquors.
Mcssrs. Edwards and Fuller. marine
inspectors, came down from Portland
yesterday and inspected the steamer
Harrison. She was found to be all
right with the exception OF a little
oaulking.
Pacific lodge, No, IS. Degree OF Hon
or. will give Bon Bon ball on Monday,
April Is, at Hanthorn's hall. Grand
march at y. m. Children under II
years Of age will not be admitted
srlcLata IN oarts a counta No fraa "a
missions.
EASTER oFFERING.-Just opened,
new kid gloves. shirt waists. house
wrappers, belts, collars. mercerlzcd
silk pettlcoRts. lawns and percales.
McAllen g. Mcdonnell, 40 Commercial |
street. Exclusive dry goods importers.
Best goods; lowest prices.
The steamer Candy, Of the l. II. q N.
line, Is to ply between South Bend and
Nahcotta this summer, making two or
more round trips daily. A guarantee |
OF s75 has been given the company |
owning the Candy by the merchants OF |
South Bend, who intend to boom that
place as summer resort this year.
The Candy will connect with the trains
for Ocean Park and Long Beach.
BEST 15-CENT MEAL; RISING |
SUN RESTAURANT.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

Roslyn coal lasts longer, Ia cleaner
and makes less trouble with stoves and
chimney fiues than any other. George
W. sanborn. agent. Telephone 1871.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

q. G. Hegardt Is up from Fort Ste
vena, accompanied by his wife and
son.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

was sufferer for eight years from that distressing Of
Eczema tried some Of the best pyclans The country bu
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

oregon's congressional delegation Is
laborlng to secure an appropriation OF
s2,53i,iiO TO be used at the mouth Of
the Columbia river in creating iO-foot
channel. says the West Coast Trade Of
Tacoma. II is not probable that the
measure will receive any consideration
at this session OF congress, in which
the regular river and harbor bill was
eliminated, but It will be pushed In fu-
ture. and is one form OF shipping sub
sldy which receives unbounded support
from our neighbors at the south.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

There win be special E0Htcr services
at the Presbyterian church tomorrow.
For several weeks the members Of the
choir have been preparing special mu-
sic. The theme Of the morning SER
mon viii be AN Easter Meditation"
In the evening there VIII be an Easter
praise service. A cordial invitation IL
extended 20 all.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

The Fashion. 2SO Astor street. the
palace OF attractions. See the new
automatic Regina organ, the only one
on the coast, and listen to the grand
pianola. We serve our patrons with
the choicest wines and liquors.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

wanted.-ro rent a centrally located
furnished house. Address X. care As
toriRn.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

General produce. ilsh and commission
store and employment agency. Old
metal and rubber bought. 400 Duane
street
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

The schooner Louis. lumber laden.
sailed for San francisco yesterday
with a full crew. Thursday night the
Louis was short four men and the
captain appealed TO the shippers to
fill up his crew. To get the men here
was an lmpossibllity as delegates went
TO Portland and right from under Lar
ry sullivans nose picked up four good
men. The shippers" report sailors
as scarce in Portland as middle of-the-
road populIsts.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

Judge Gray returned last night from
Portland. where he attended the repub-
llcan state convention.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

The repairs to the o. II. & N. wharf
are progressing rapidly. The city coun-
ell should take some action looking
toward compelling owners OF private
landings along the water front to
either repair the same and render them
safe or else fence them up so the
public win run no risks. There are
several private wharfs in Astoria that
in their present condition are verltable
death trap.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

Henry Teller. who was for a number
Of years foreman OF George q Bar.
kor's cannery. leaves this morning for
Point Roberts. Washington. where he
VIII have charge OF the new cannery
just erected there by the George a.
Barker Company. His many friends
wish him success In his new field.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

The Columbia passed out on time
yesterday morning with n full cargo
and passenger list. Both tieke and
freight business is booming on the
coast line.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

There will be the usual services in
the Congregational church tomorrow at
II In the morning. The pastor VIII
preach on Thoughts on the Resur-
reetlon. or Lessons for AL" This will
be proceeded by a short sermon TO the
children. The evening subject at 1880
VIII be The Zeal Which Is Commend
ahle." All are invited.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

Jeff'u Ia the only" restaurant white
cooks
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

The funeral OF the late n. J. Mearra
took place at Pohl's undertaking par.
lors yesterday afternoon. The re-
mains were inferred at Greenwood.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14
soLFILINE.

Astoria, Oregon. April 10. 100
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

William Luee was over from Neha-
lem yesterday.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

Herring a Cook. Commercial street.
between Tenth and Eleventh, is the
only FIRST class all-night lunch house
IN Astoria.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

Tho revenue cutter Perry arrived In
port with a rush" last night. Moth.
Ing could DO learned an TO her imme.
diate future movements.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

The Model IN the neatost restaurant
In Astoria; the meals are the finest
for the money and the service the
best.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

A small place at clatsop for sale or
rent. Suitable for chicken ranch. Ap-
ply 10 a. Tagg. Parlor Candy Store.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1900-04-14

TheO, 8, Rioon Of South Bend Is II
Astoria.
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1900-01-26
LIght Tires for winter.

An English rider contends that light
tires are better suited for winter than
for summer riding. He says he finds
the light road racing tires are good in
the mud Of winter. do not cut on freshly
laid stone patches, do not slip as much
as big tires aud are not uncomfort-
able. because most of the time in win
tea the roads are padded with mud.
On the other hand. the narrow, hard
tires, except the best of them, bump
distressingly on the dry roads; they
puucture easily. Vibration, it is agreed,
is the chief thing suffered from small
tires. For long distances and higher
rates of speed in summer large tires are
the best, but in the mud of winter the
speed" tires lessen the eXertion. The
theory is interesting if nothing else.
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1900-01-26
Changes at the Jail

Sheriff Hobart last week made hi
appointment of under-sheriff the
position being given to Lew Hutton.
Mr.. Hutton has been on the lola police
force several times and makes good,
conscientious officer and he will un-
doubtedly make a good under-sheriff.
Mr.. Harry Brister, who has been
working at the Jail for year or two,
was appointed deputy sheriff with
the custody of the prisoners as his
particular role. He had expected to
get the under-sherffship although
nothing had been said about the mat
ter, and when the announcement of
the appointment over him was made
he resigned, his resignation taxing
place Tuesday.
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1900-01-26

On the evening of October l, 1s47,
the Mitchens were entertaining n par
ty of invited guests. But Maria
Mitchell was not to be deferred by
company" from following her Gus
tom of sweeping the heavens with the
telescope every clear night. She
slipped away and ran up to the obser-
vatory. Soon afterward she returned
and told her father that she thought
she had seen comet. He hurried up
to the observatory to look himself,
and declared that it was indeed a
comet. This discovery entitled Miss
Mitchell TO the gold medal that had
been offered some years before by the
king of Denmark TO the first discov-
erer OF telescope comet, and it was
struck off and forwarded to her.
Amelia ii. Botsford.
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1900-01-26
FPuitless HOld-up.

Charlie Arnold, from over the river,
told story OF a peculiar hold-up in
the REGISTER Office Saturday. A
email boy named Nachtechatt while
passing along the country road
was met by two strange men. The
boy was suspicious and terribly self
conscious, for he had on his person
wealth to the extent of forty-five
cents, all belonging to himself. His
danger led to quick resolve and he
quickly pumped the money into his
mouth. The men stopped and
searched and threatened him, but to
no avail. He was determined that
they should not have the money and
intended to swallow 1t if they looked
In his mouth. They didn't and he
escaped with the fright.
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1900-01-26
THREE STORY BRICK
Another Handsome Brick
Store Building Going up
in lola Right Away
TO be Occupied by
lola WHOLESALE GROCERY
The Site Chosen is the lot
Adjoining the Santa Fe
Switch on West Madi-
son Avenue

Another handsome brick building
Is to be elected in lola this spring
and work will be commenced in the
near future. The building will be
erected by the lola Wholesale Gro
Gerry on the lot OH the north side of
West Madison avenue, opposite the
Northrup Lumber Co. s shed and ad-
joining the Santa Fe railroad switch.
The land was purchased Tuesday
for $500 and work will not be delayed
as the present quarters are In.
adequate.
The building will be fifty by one
hundred feet In dimensions, two
stories high with large dry base
ment, practically three stories. The
grocery now occupies two of the large
rooms on the north side Of the square
and these rooms, although piled to
the ceiling with goods, are unable TO
hold the present stock carried by the
firm. When the new building is
ready the stock will be enlarged and
can be handled in a much better
manner. The force employed will
probably be Increased as the facilities
for increasing the stock are enlarged
and the new firm in lite new home
will be one of the principal institu-
tions of the growing city OF lola.
The REGISTER takes pleasure in
presenting this fact to its readers as a
delicatessen for supper.
The Iola register. [volume] (Iola, Allen County, Kansas) 1875-1902, 1900-01-26
LETTER FROM HUTCHINSON.

HUTCHINSON, Kansas, Jan. l, 1900.
EDITOR lola REGISTER.
Dear Sir:-This fret day of 1900
finds us located in Hutchinson, Kan
sas. We like it fairly well here, but
having lived in Geneva township,
Allen county, almost one quarter of
the century juet past we cannot help
thinking of it as Home Sweet Home
and we expect to be located there or
in lola some time in the future. We
hope al the Allen county wanderers
will respond to YOUR request, as we
would like to hear from them.
Hoping that all the REGISTER
readers may enjoy happy and
prosperous New Year, we remain
Yours pectfully,
o. b. MILLER.