The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1900-09-04

We sold many cattle products. We can
produce such cattle and such meats as
are wanted in foreign countries. ana
bring the best prices there, cheaper thah
they can be produced elsewhere; ana
while the humus is being put back into
the won-out fields Of the South, the
dairy cow and feeding steer can turn
the grasses into money. The same can
be said of sheep. The Southern States
can Just as well furnish the Northern
markets with early spring lambs as they
can with early vegetables and fruits. ana
while grasses and legumes are replacing
the humus il the Southern soils, high
selling sheep can be grazing there pretty
much the year round.
The bacon hog is a popularity of the
South. ard has been for many years. The
finest bacon hams Of which we have any
knowledge have been produced in the
South and are produced there now Inc
bacon hog is a product of heterogeneous
feeding-of grazing. of pasturing in the
woods, etc. 1t consumes the by-products
of the. dairy, and soils for one-third morn
money than is received for the lard
hog. The South perhaps could not COM
pete successfully with the Northern
States in the production of the lard
hog. but the South can compete sue
cessfully in the production of fine bacon
hams.
When we consider the production of
meats and dairy products, we find it
necessary TO save at hand an abundance
of heterogeneous grains. Last years cotton
crop amounted to nine million bales. The
| cotton seed that grew when the lint grew
amounted to 400. 600 tons. This is an
amount of first-class heterogeneous food
| stuff so vast that it is difficult to Srasp
the idea of it. We might make some COM
| PARSONS. If the 1876, 977 head of cattle
we shipped abroad last year to foreign
| countries, bringing back to us a return
of over thirty million dollars, had all
been finished with cotton seed meal, and
hulls, they would have used only a small
| per cent. Of the cotton seed meal of the
South. 1t has been demonstrated by
actual trial and careful experiment that
cotton seed meal stands at the head of
| all heterogeneous by-products. 1t is more
effective than corn or bran or flax meal
or any other by-prOduct of the mills. Inc
fertility Of southern fields can be recover
ed by growing grasses and feeding them
to grazing cattle, with cotton seed meal
as a grain ration. The Southern farmer
hould not permit a single pound OF this
| food to go anywhere else in the world.
| Northern people who have abundance of
| cheap corn find it profitable to feed it.
People in foreign countries, who make
| meats and dairy products to compete with
ours, in the worlds markets, find 1t
profitable to feed it. But it is just as
wise for the Southern producer to utilize
his cotton seed meal at home as it is to
build factories to work up the fiber OF
the plant.
The superior flavor and high quality of
the choice varieties of European table
grapes have long tempted fruit growers
TO undertake their production in the
Eastern United States. Experiments
along this line have been conducted at
various places from time to time since the
| days of the earliest settlers. These eX-
periments have almost invariably re-
suited in failure and the death of the
vines within a few years after planting.
| The exact causes of failure are not clear
ly understood. In some regions the prin-
| cipal cause was undoubtedly the
Phylloxera, a minute insect, which does
its worst injury to the root OF the vine,
in others the failure was probably due to
{ the severity of the winters, and in still
: others there is now reason to believe
that the principal cause of failure was
the prevalence OF fungous diseases, such
: as black rot and miidew, which damage
, both foliage and fruit, and which, if left
unchecked ultimately cause the death Of
the vine. The discovery that by grating
on PhylloXera-resistant American stocks
\ the ravages eff that insect can be pre-
vented, has removed one element of doubt
from the problem. Whether by thorough
and systematic spraying with fungicides
the troublesome diseases may, be kept in
control at a cost sufficiently low to war
~ tho offnrt SC nuv tho c,,hion+ Of a
cooperative test in the vineyard of DR..
B. Won Herff, near Southern Pines, under
the direction of the Division of Pomology
At the same time all varieties likely to
be found valuable, either because of the
| superior quality of their fruit or their
resistance to disease, are being introduced
for testing. About $50 such varieties are
now under test and more have been or
dered for planting the coming season.
About forty varieties grated on Niagara
stocks are in fruit this year and but for
the intense heat and drouth which pre-
vailed at the most critical period of the
season it is believed that the possibility
of production of choice fruit of several
sorts would have been demonstrated this
season.
It is not considered probable that these
varieties, if successful, will supplant the
standard native sorts like Delaware and
Niagara now SO largely grown in North
Carolina, but rather that they will salts
fly a demand for fruit Of superior quality
in the large city markets at higher prices
and in this way make greater diyersifi-
cation of fruit crops possible. The eli
matte conditions existing in the sand hill
region of North and South Carolina are
believed to be more favorable to these
grapes than most other sections, and it
is for this reason that the experiment
was located in the former State. A SINH
lar test is being made in Florida, and a
few small paintings in other States.
TIL Southern States are turning their
attention to manufa cturing. Raw ma
terials of many kinds are so abundant,
that it must be profitable to manufacture
them where they are found. The field, the
forest and the mine furnish such ma
terial in very great abundance. A large
per cent. of Southern workers will in fu-
ture devote their lives to manufacturing
There will be q home demand created for
food for those who work in the factories
and shops. The farmer will find a home
l market which iC tho hast Of III ,,orlyotc-