davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The age-herald., 1900-04-06
WOMAN'S NIGHTMARE. Ehe Shudders When She Realizes tn, Danger and Pain of Child bearing.

There is so much suffering and danger in store for the young mother, that her happy anticipation soon gives way to a feeling of dread at the thought of the pain which she must undergo. This constant fear so preys upon the mind of many women that it fills them with ter TOT and makes baby's coming source of the greatest anxiety and dread.
 All the suffering and danger of the ordeal can be avoided by the use of 'Mother's Friend" which prepares the body for this important event. It relieves morning sickness" and many other unpleasant conditions which ex- ist during this time. Thousands of women praise Mothers Friend" for bringing them safely through the most critical period of their lives.
 Every woman should send their name and address to the Bradfield Regulator Co., Atlanta, Georgia, and receive free, valuable information on the subject.
The age-herald., 1900-04-06
T. P. A.
Programme for Annual Meeting of Ala
 bama Division

The local post of the Travellers Protective association has arranged the following pro- gramme for the annual meeting of the state division which meets in this city next Tuesday:
 April 10, 2 D. m, at Elks' hall.
 Meeting called to order by president of Post B, w. r. Taylor.
 Prayer by pr. B. D. Gray, state chap lain.
 Address of welcome on the part of the state of Alabama, pr. R. M. Cunningham. Address of welcome for the city of Bir- mingham, Mayor w. M Drennen.
 Address, Growth of the Order,' l.. w. LeTaste, of Montgomery, national presi- dent
 Greeting to the visitors in behalf of Post B, O. P. Gaut
 Responses to welcome from Post T, Mont ma.
 Business session.
 930 D. m. at the Morris hotel:
 Banquet, plates for 200 guests. |. WEDNESDAY, APRIL H.
 10 a. m.-Special train leaves Union depot for trip to industries of the Birmingham district.
 2:SO D. m, at the State Fair Grounds-Out door exercise. These exercises will be of a varied and entertaining character.
The age-herald., 1900-04-06
.DR. CRUMPTON HAS
 DECLINED TO RUN Says He Can Not Accept Guber-
 material Nomination. THE PROHIBITION CANDIDATE Registration Books Close Tomorrow Governor Johnston Will Speak at Seals Hall Tomorrow Night
 Poll of the Grand Jury
THE PROHIBITION CANDIDATE

Rev. Dr. W. B. Crumpton has declined the prohibition party nomination for gov ernor of Alabama. It will be recalled that the state convention of the prohibition party, which met in this city on March 2S, put out full state ticket, headed by pr. Crumpton. Dr. Crumpton was not present at the convention, but it was believed that he would consent to make the race. How ever, he has written a letter to the Alabama Baptist of this city, in which he states that he cannot accept the nomination. Registration If you would vote in the democratic pri- mary election on the 1ith Instant you must register. Registration closes tomorrow night al o'clock. Only two more days re- main dn which to qualify.
 Up to last night Jess than 40 per cent of the white voters of beats 21, 29, 34, 37, and 45 had registered. In Hill sub division 1,7oo voters, only about 400 had registered at o'clock yesterday afternoon.
 The following is list of registrars, and the places where they can be found:
 Madison, 2l-John l.. Davis, Riggs mar ket, Twenty fourth street.
 Cleveland, 21-H. tB. Abernathy, court house.
 Monroe, 2l-J. M. Tuck, Tueks store, Avenue E and Twenty-second street.
 Jefferson, 21-T. J. Smith, Smiths store Avenue F and Twenty-ffth street.
 Pratt City, 29-Tom Dugan City hall.
 Bessemer, 33-S. 1. K.ng Bessemer
 Avondale, 34-J. P. Spencer, Avondale. Woodlawn, 3l-A. B. Parkes, Woodawn. North Highlands, 37-Herbert Reynolds, Reynolds store.
 South Highlands, 37-John McAllister, Sen's store, S20 South Eighteenth street.
 Jackson, 37-E. Gusfield, Sheppard's store, Park avenue and Nineteenth street.
 Davis, 37-Mike Brennan, Adams store.
 Hill, 37-John Shields, Shields store.
 Ensley, 45-John Going Ensley.
 Wylam, 45-Frank Fournier, Wylam.
 The Governor Will Speak
 Governor Johnston will speak at Seals hall tomorrow night. This will be his first speech in Jefferson county since he an nounced that he would be a candidate for the United States senate to succeed Sem ator Morgan. It is stated that he will make two or three oher speeches in he county next week, but the places and dates have not yet been announced.
 The report of the meeting of the Railroad Mems Political club of Bessemer in yester- days Age-Herald stated that ". G. Ward vas endorsed for the board of revenue. It should have been William G. Hurd.
 The grand jury was boiled yesterday afternon, and stood eleven for Senator Morgan and five for Governor Johnston.
The age-herald., 1900-04-06
Links and Pins
MAY FESTIVAL
Chorus Work Being Carried Forward
 With Vim

The part rehearsal for tenors and passes of the May festival chorus was well at tended last night, and the work on Wag- ners "Meistersinger' was highly satisfac- tory. When this beautiful but difficult mu- s.c is sung by the mixed chorus next Tues day night it will be given with finished phrasng and subtle shading, just as might be expected in public performance.
 MT. Guckenberger is having daily rehear- sals of the childreas chorus. Nearly all the children who sang Unto the Word'' last year are members of this years cho- rus and this being true, the rehearsal work is easy. By next week every enc of the chorus will be able to sing the cantata through without book. But the rehearsals will be continued for the purpose of keep ing the little folks in practice.
 Nothing in the literature of chidrens music is more tuneful Ghan Unto the World.' It is deliciously pastoral, and is redoleElt of spring. It will be performed at the festival next month with fun orchestral accompaniment. This will be the first time that a children's chorus in Birmingham eyer had the support of an orchestra. Last year it was impossible to obtain the orches- tral score. The orchestra tion is exception ally rich; is almost symphonic, and will be almost as much enjoyed as the voices of the children.
The age-herald., 1900-04-06
The Famous Original Gentry Show

The famous original Dog and Pony show, composed of the largest herd of handsome dogs, intelligent ponies, comical monkeys and sagacious baby elephants ever seen, will soon visit the city The exhibition ex- hibits under canvas, and is the largest show of this kind in the world; in fact the Gentry Brothers have a monopoly on this sort of entertainment. This is the four teenth year of the Gentry Show, and many improvements have been made since its last appearance in this city The show grounds will be at the corner of 18th street and Avenue A, Tuesday and Wednesday, April 10 and Il.
The age-herald., 1900-04-06
GENERAL ASSEMBLY

Of the Presbyterian Church of the United
 States, Atlanta, Ga., May 17-26, 1900.
 For the above occasion the Southern rail- way announces the low rate of one flare for the round trip from all points on its line to Atlanta, Ga, and return. Tickets on sale May b, 16, and IT, 1900, with final limit for return May g.
 For further information call on any agent of Southern railway or addess c. E. Jack son, T. F. A., Birmingham, Ala. 4-6-to4-27
The age-herald., 1900-04-06
Aubrey Stock Company

There are a number of reliable repertoire companies on the road this season, but few, it is said, that compare with the Aubrey Stock company, that will be seen at the Jefferson theatre for one week, commence ing next Monday evening, with matinees Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday.
 The company is owned and managed by the amusement managers, the Mittenthal Brothers Aubrey and Harry, who have successfully piloted a number of well known repertoire attractions during the past ten seasons throughout the east, south and west. Monday, the opening night, a scenic production of the melo-drama, "The Land of the Living" will be given Ladies tickets have been issued.
 Tuesday night, Faust; Wednesday night, "The Great Brooklyn Handicap; {; Thursday night, 1.-Two Orphans; Friday night, "Fire Patrol'; Saturday night, "The Plunger''.
The age-herald., 1900-04-06
AT NORTH BIRMINGHAM
Sixteen Months Old Child Run Over by
 Train

The 16-months-old child of J. B. Lttle- ton of North Birmingham was run over by a Louisville and Nashville freight train at North Birmingham yesterday ait noon and horribly mangled. The child was on the railroad track, when a train backed over 1t, cutting off one arm and crushing it In Q terrible manner.
The age-herald., 1900-04-06
THE FUNERAL OF
 OFFICER ADAMS Remains Rest Beside Those of His Brave Companion. SAD SCENE AT THE GRAVE Several Subscriptions to the Monument Fund-Plain Granite Shaft Will be Erected Over Resting Place
 Tho SubSoriharc
SAD SCENE AT THE GRAVE

The remains of Officer J. H. Adams were laid to rest by the side of his brave com- panion in Oak Hill cemetery yesterday af- ternoon The funeral services were held in the church of the family on the Sou9hside at o'clock, and from there the procession formed and silently marched through the city to the final resting place of the la mented policemen At the head of the col umn marched an escort of police, com manded by Chief Austin, Captain Weir and Lieutenant Donelson Then came the hearse with another guard of officers around it, followed by carriages containing the rela- lives of the dead patrolman and large concourse of sorrowing friends.
 A large crowd had preceded the process sion to the cemetery, and waited patiently to hear the final ceremonies and pay last trit 1te of respect to the dead.
 Two freshly made graves mark the place where the remains of the two men who were so foully murdered now lie in peace. Both are covered with floral tributes ten dered by the many friends and comrades of the two officers. One made of white roses entwined with evergreens rests al the head of Officer Adams grave, and is especially beautiful. This was placed there by the members of the police department. It bears the inscription, 'To our Comrade,' and represents d gate standing half aJar surmounted by star and crescent It was indeed sad scene when the casket con taining the body of the last of the two brave officers was lowered into the cold clay. The grief of the bereaved mother and brothers and the thought of the untimely death of the policeman brought sympathet- ic sears to the eyes of all who gathered around the grave.
 Kirkley- y-Adams Monument Fund
 Over the two graves will be erected a monument, a tribute from the citizens of Birmingham.
 In yesterdays Age-Herald it was an ncunced that subscriptions would be re- ceived from those who cared to contribute to the worthy cause, and several sums have already been subscribed It Is the purpose of the committee in charge of the monu- ment fund to erect blue granite shaft to cost not more than $5OO with an appro- priate Subscription engraved thereon.
 The citizens are responding cheerfully to the fund, and many contributions are ex- pected today. As soon as the necessary amount has been raised a committee will be appointed to make the purchase of the monument and will also select the words which will be inscribed under the names of the two officers.
 Any persons desiring to contribute any amount small or large, can do so by leav- ing their names, designating the amount they wish to pay in the Business office of The Age-Herald. AAcorrect list of the sub scrlbers will be kept, and the list of names will be published in the columns of the Age-Herald daily until the necessary amount has been raised.
 Following is a list of those who contrib
The age-herald., 1900-04-06
WHEN TRAVELLING

Whether on pleasure bent or business, take on every trip bottle of Syrup of Figs, as it acts most pleasantly and effectualy on the kidneys, liver, and bowels, prevent ing fevers headaches, and other forms of sickness. For sale in 50 cent bottles by all leading druggists. Manufactured by the Call fornia Fig Syrup Co. only.
The age-herald., 1900-04-06
FUNERAL NOTICE.

The funeral of Marguerite, daughter of MT. and Mrs. c. J. Geohegan, will take place from the family residence 1906 Hunts vile avenue, at Il o'clock today. The inter- ment will be in Oak Hill cemetery.
The age-herald., 1900-04-06
At North Birmingham

Dr. R. M. Cunningham will address the North Birmingham Morgan club at Dur rett's store tonight, and large number of voters will hear him. The meeting prom ises to be largely attended.
The age-herald., 1900-04-06
1.-THE PLAY@
,9GGGI9O888@93;s99G

Jim Key" the remarkable glorse, will be the attraction at the Jefferson theater tonislht and t0morrow night and matinee, with special matinees for children today at 12:30 ard 2:3O 9. m. This wonderful animal Is undoubtedly the best educated horse in the world, and has attracted great atten- tion. The exhibition will be under the auspices of the public schools.
The age-herald., 1900-04-06
PERSONAL.

w. W. Drake, representing Sargent 6 Co.,, New Haven, Conn.,, is in town. MT. Drake sells new work in building material, one of his chief customers being the May berry Hardware company of Birmingham.
The age-herald., 1900-04-06

The Great Glacier of the Selkirks, one of the largest of the Worlds Ice Fields Reached by the Canadian Pacific Railway, % hours from Washington. Apply w. w. Merkle, 1929 Penn sylvania Ave, Washington. 0. c. Osborn, 129 E. Balti- more St, Baltimore. H. Mo-
 Murtrie, 629-63I Chestnut St.. Philadelphia.
The age-herald., 1900-04-06
PASSENGER MEN
 WILL ORGANIZE Consider Question of Forming a
 Local Association. MEETING HELD YESTERDAY
Rate War in the Southeastern Valley Traffic Association at an End-Feb- ruary Earnings of Kansas City
 Memphis & Birmingham

The local passenger agents of the rail- roads entering Birmingham held meeting yesterday to consider the question of ex- eursons for the coming season. They an association similar to those maintained in other cities.
 Present at the meeting were R. M. Ellis Of the Alabama Great Southern, C. F. Jack son of the Southern, P. Sid Jones and c. M. Williams of the Louisville and Nash v.ne, and G. M. Billheimer of the Kansas City, Memphis and Birmingham.
 The passenger agents have had the mat ter of an organization under consideration for some time, but have agreed upon no definite plan as yet. It Is probable that they will form an association at an early date.
 Rate War at an End
 The rate war that has existed between the reads in the Southeastern Mississippi Valley Traffic Association for the past few weeks over grain, grain products and flour, is at an end and the old rates will be re- stored Notice was received in this city yesterday, effective April IS, rates on Glasses C, D and r, east of Memphis, would be restored to figures carried in the Southeastern Mississippi Valley Traffic As sociation. Some time since the rate was cut 3 cents per 100 pounds to points east of Memphis, and the order received yes , terday means that this will be discontn- ued. The roads in the Southeastern Freight Asso:eation did not participate in the rate cutting, and the new order does not af- feet them.
 Links and Pins
 The Kansas City, Memphis and Brming- ham reports earnings for the month of February as folows Gross earnings SH9- S78, compared with $35S,41O in February, 1S99
 J. c, Halle, general passenger agent of the Central of Georgia, was in the city yesterday.
 w. A. Win6urn, traffic manager of the Central of Georgia, was in the city yes- terday.
The Hawaiian gazette. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, 1900-09-28
THE TRANSPORT THOMAS.

The United States Army Transport
Thomas. Captain Buford. master ar
rived In this port yesterday evening
from San Francisco with large num-
Der of troops for Manila. The Thomas
left san Francisco at ! o'clock on the
afternoon OF Tuesday, the 18th, instant,
making an exceedingly good trip down.
At ago o'clock yesterday afternoon the
transport was sighted of Koko Head.
| 1t was Z o'clock. however, before she
was alongside the naval wharf The
doctor was late in getting out to her
and on this account the vessel was later
In docking than she would otherwise
have been.
The Thomas brought no mail for this
port as II was expected that the Aus
tralla would arrive here first and all
mail was reserved for the regular liner.
The Thomas proved the postal authori-
ties In san Francisco mistaken for once.
The Australia left the day after the
Thomas and viii arrive the first thing
this morning with just one days later
news OF the outside world than was
brought by the transport.
Aboard the great troopshlp there are
over 1900 soldiers OF the 9th Infantry
and Sth Infantry, besides recruits and
big list of civilian passengers, nurses
and surgeons Captain w. NJ. Couling,
a, Q, NJ, H. S. A., is the quartermaster
in charge of the Thomas. Mrs. Coul-
ling is also aboard. Two days before
the Thomas left san Francisco. the
men of the quartermaster's department
~ the transport Sheridan were trans
ferred 10 the Thomas and those belong
ing TO the Thomas were assigned 10
duty aboard the sheridan, So that the
Thomas ana Sheridan swappod men I'm
these two departments Corporal NJ.
Carver rs the commissary clerk on the
Thomns. He halls from Des Molues,
Iowa.
ON Friday about noon the Thomas
sails for Nagaslki, She has large
quantities. uf stores for Talu ana Ma
MIA From NagasaH she sails for Aa-
Mia
The following Is complete list " tho
army officers, nurses, surgeons and
civilian passengers aboard Tho trans
ports
'uth Infantry Comba, cant. Far.
ono cant turnahan. First Lieut. Hamn-
u b. Knlrit' second Lieut. II q. P 4SS
= lond Lieut. cordler A a, surg. Me.
BAY. MAJ Chance, Capt Hackney, Capt.
u NQrmohlf, first Lieut. lialtltl,
limt Lieut. Williams az, Jli second
lh'ui ~ y Haheli second llaut y "
BOOB, SECOND Lieut. n D. Davis. A. A
surg " a Rose
lIshih lnhntH Naj ! s stretch.
isll a. y IrWHt Cant John sHnQrl
firht llHpi u 81 huupurur. list llrut
f. q l,usrrll fiui Lieut. y q collins
500 nl id'ui A. ~ = u 90 Beaumont
p, soma i4rui illlpu faislar, A, a sufg
hhrlhy Cont ~ D AmfH, Cant N n
lHrkrr rpW a. W Kennedy Fllat
lVi " fiuNRu fial llfWi y u
AalehAni kafoni lirui } D james So
The Hawaiian gazette. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, 1900-09-28
Money Aplenty To
Construct The
Line.
THREE THOUSAND
MEN TO BEGIN 1T
Bonds Floated in New York and
Work Commences Jan.
uary First.

Herbert r. Gehr, president OF the
Hllo-Kohala Railroad on the Island OF
Hawaii. has returned from an impor-
tant mission to New York City in con-
ed into the hands of w. O. Smith. the
attorney for the railroad. all the docu-,
ments which have passed through the
hands OF the railroads eastern repre-
sentatives, Dill. Bomeister & Baldwin.
The latter firm also delivered TO the
North American Trust Company Of
New York city, the per cent, 40-year
bonds amounting TO S3.5OO,OOO which
win hold them ms trustee for the bond
holders. The money realized by the
sale OF these first mortgage bonds will
be used In the construction Of the road.
In an interview accorded to an Ad-
vertiser representative yesterday, Mr..
Gehr had the following to say OF his
visit to New York and the actual COM
mencement OF work on the road:
yes. | was entirely successful in my
visit to New York. While there, Messrs.
Dill. Bomester q Baldwin, the attor-
neys and hackers OF the Hilo-Kohala
road, completed all the arrangements
looking to the early commencement of
work. They managed the deal by which
the first mortgage bonds amounting to
81, 500 900, We're taken by the North Am
erican Trust Company. as trustee for
the buyers, This indicates that we
have the very best of backing, for the
North American Is the foremost COM
The Hawaiian gazette. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, 1900-09-28

ond Lieut. l.. s. Edwards. a. A. Surg.
Sa.6eby.
Other Passengers-Mrs. Graves and two
children, Mrs. Byrne. Mrs. Barth and
child, Mrs. Maus and two children, Mrs.
Pardee. child and nurse. Mrs. Cowles, Mrs.
j. NJ. Bell, Miss Hopkins, Mr.. Oliver, Roy
W. Squires, DIR. Chas. b. Nichols and
wife. Mrs Lyon and child. Mrs. Spence
and child, Mrs. Park and two children,
Miss Towar, ID. =. Barrows. Mr.. McCul-
Tough, II. l.. Collins, Prof NJ. A. Cotton,
Rev. j. c. Webb. Geo. NJ SwIndcl, w
II. Wanamaker, A. A. Surg. l. T. Ben
rett, A. \. Surg NJ. + Claussius, A. a.
Surg. l., w. Patton, Mrs. Carnahan, Mr..
S. l.. Hunter, l.. A. Coddngton. Jos.
Jost, A. a. Surg. II. w, Seager, A. A.
Surg s G. Lindsay. A. A. Surg c. L..
Baker, Mai Ira @, Brown, Surg ". s Vi;
Capt Wilson Chase, Twonty-nrst Infan-
try, u. S. "; Second Lieut. Oliver s..
Snyder, Eighteenth Infantry; Second
Lieut.. j $. Chambers, Twelfth Infantry;
W T.. Norris, A, Il, Edmond. r. Staples,
A. A. Surg. W. r.. Apple. a, A. Surg.
j. X. Ashburn, Harry II. Pierce, George
HGyworth, s. -. Smiley, NJ. Il. Halpin,
-. a, Surg. II. i. Saunders, II. j. Smith,
Cart Jacob II. Culver, ThIr,y-second In
fartry, u. s. V.
Nurses-Bertha j. Gertch. Helen q.
Fairbanks, Helen NJ. Pickel, H. l.. Rcdec-
ker, Eva Trenholm, EuRcnia NJ. ward,
Capt II. A. Shaw, Asst Surg. u. $. A.;
Capt. Thos Ridgcway Firm Artillery; w.
II. Donovan, l.. w Manning, First Lieut..
G. d. Rogan. Jr,, u. S, Y. Signal Corps.
The Hawaiian gazette. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, 1900-09-28

IN THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE
First Circuit, Territory Of Hawaii
At Chambers In Probate.
In the matter OF the Estate Of Wo Hing,
late Of Hilo, Hawaii, deceased.
The petition and accounts Of the ad =
ministrator OF the estate of said de-
ceased having been filed, wherein he
asks that his accounts be examined
and approved, and that final order be
made of distribution of the property
remaining In his hands TO the persons
thereto entitled. and discharging him
from all further responsibility as such
administrator.
1t is ordered, that Monday. the 18th
day of November, A. ID. 1900, at 10
o'clock a. m, before the judge of said
court at the courtroom of the said court
at Honolulu, Island of Oahu, be and the
same hereby is appointed as the time
and place for hearing said petition and
accounts, and that all persons interest
ed may then and there appear and show
cause, II any they have, why the same
should not be granted.
Honolulu, September 27, 1900.
By the court.
=. ID. KELLETT JR., Clerk.
2215-4tF-Sept. 49, Oct. g. II, 10.
The Hawaiian gazette. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, 1900-09-28
sAiLED PROM HONOLULU.

Tuesday. September IS
fimr Mauna i.on. simers0n. fUr Llhni-
ma Maalaea. kouR and kau
stmr Upolu, Dalton, for lonoipu hnd
KonR pofta.
simr kinau. Freeman, Tor Illo ana way
ports.
etmr. Claudnc. Parker for Maui porte
schr. Lady. Cor koolau ports.
rtmr. w. @. Han. Thompson, for Ma
wiliwlii
schr. Blanche and Ella, FOR Hanniel and
kalihiwai
scm. wainiua. Wesbarth. Tor Hanaloi
and kalihlwHi.
stmr Kaiulani. Mitchell. FOR paauhau,
Kukalau, Laupahoehoe and Papaaloa.
Wednesday. September %.
stmr. Noeau. wyman, for Anahola, ia
namaulu and Ahukini.
a. s. s. Miowera, Hcmming, for Van
couyer aud Victoria.
Thursday. September q.
Am. sh Florence Ryder, FOR the Sound
IN ballast.
stmr. NiihRu, Thompson, for Makawcli.
stmr. James Makec. Tullctt. for Kappa,
am. 81. John Currier. Lawrence. for Sc
atlle In ballast.
The Hawaiian gazette. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, 1900-09-28
WILHELMINA STILL
TALKS ARBITRATION
She Hopes for Good Results
From the Hague Con.
ference.

THE HAGUE, Sept ls-Tho states
General were re0pen,d today by Queen
Eih,.miua, who was accompanied by
her mother. In a speech from The throne
Her Majesty referred 10 the continued
ui,udly relations with foreign countries
with the oNcopt.on Of CHINA, ana mentou-
ed that the conventions OF tha peace con-
Nlnuon had been ratihpi by almost all
the powers, Tho Queen sad;
~ hope the international Bureau OF Ar
hiTaton Tribunal VIII shortly be astab-
lished here end that Il win mn the enc for
which u was founded, by assisting more
peaceful settlement Of tho differences be-
tween nations, as Work 81 importance,
Witch cannot ha TOO highly rated
Ae only direct references 10 the South
African war ana the Chinese troubles
were 10 Her MaldsW's mention Of The
NO deplorlble events" nerts.liaiinH the
lf'tener ~ Netherlands NarshIps fpr the
PROJECTION Of liollaudeTs
lltf Al'l7fiF pronounced the hnAneeR ~
no country 20 he ip satisfactory c0ndi-
SOD lui slli iuriher taxation measures
frlH necessary, principally 10 cover the
toal ~ compulsory education.