davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
Now York Democrats.

Saratoga, N. Y, Sept. 1.-The po-
litical situation has remained the same
for the last "a hours and John B
Stanch6eld, of Elmirs, and William +
Mackey, OF Buffalo, are still believed
to be the candidates selected for Gov
ernor and Lieutenant Governor.
Though Stanchfeld is the generally
accepted candidate so far, his boom has
failed to set things on fire with enthu-
sissm. Repeated attacks are bein
made on his attitude on labor unions
and this is not calculated to help him
The leaders of both the Croker Murphy
and Hill-McGuire factions are still
keeping up their quiet warfare and not
until the factions meet 10 convention to
nominate candidates will open hostil-
tiles begin.
Saratoga, N. Y, Sept. 11.-At 11:45
Chairman Campbell assembled the
speakers stand and raped the
democratic convention TO order, and
named State Senator Patrick McCarreD
temporary chairman. McCarren was
chosen without dissenting voice being
Senator McCarren referred to the al
legiance OF the New York State democ-
racy to William Jennings Bryan and
the delegates Jumped to their feet aud
three cheers for the standard bearer OF
the party were given with a will.
Wnen McCsrren concluded the roll OF
delegates was called. All contesting
delegations were referred TO tbs COM
mittee on credentials yet to be appoint
ed. When HIPS name as delegate
from Albany county was called it was
greeted with bowls and cheers for the
sage OF Woolfert's Roost. Croker was
annoyed by the ovation given to Hill
and clearly showed it. When Croker's
name was reached the convention
broke forth ia a tornado of applause,
which swept the convention hall from
speakers stand to the farther corner OF
the building. At 1913 the convent on
took a recess until ii o'clock tomorrow
morning.
Just before adjournment, Prof. Lee,
OF Cornell University, introduced res
olution aimed at the suppression of the
New YORK Ice Trust. The resolution
reads Il: Resolved, That We especially
condemn and denouuce that illegal cor
porate combination known as he Ice
Trust, which particularly Expresses the
poor and arbitrarily raises the prices
for one Of the necessaries of life and We
demand the republican attorney gener-
al proceed with diligence for the legal
destruction of the said trust"
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
NEGRO SCHOOLS.

The announcement that the school
authorities of New Orleans have re-
Gently determined to greatly abridge
the opportunities of the negroes for OBJ
tanning advanced education at public
expense attracts great attention in
Richmond. The information received
daily at the Office OF the Virginia board
OF education is that this question has
become live one in this State. Re-
ports from all sections of the black belt
are to the effect that the white people
are insisting that the coming consttu-
tioual convention shall allow the color
ed people for schools only the amount
they contribute 10 taxes. The effect OF
this plan, if carried out, would be to
practically deprive the colored people
of education.
Last year the State expended on its
public schools 81 81 ,264.94 OF this
amount over S430, 900 went for the edu-
cation OF the negroes. 10 the last thir-
" years, that Is, since the organization
OF the present system of public educa-
lion, Virginia has expended $4,000. =
600, of which $4,000 900 was given to
colored schools. The negroes con-
tribute about per cent. on taxation,
from all sources and for all purposes.
1t will be seen that il any plan is adopt.
ed which will give that race for schools
only the amount they pay in taxes, the
effect will be to deprive them OF all
education.
TheIe is, however, a growing de-
mand in all parts OF the negro coun.
try that this idea shall be carried out.
The storm is rising, and il may sweep
everything before ii. 1t seems hardly
likely that any politician who cares for
his popularity will make the attempt
o stem the tide.
Mr.. John Z. Massey, until recently the
head OF the department OF education. and
who played such an important part in the
readjuster movement, favors the idea OF
giving the negroes only the amount they
contribute. So far, he is the only prominent
man who has taken this position publicly.
There are. however, plenty OF others ready
to follow Massey's example as soon as the
pa,pe are heard from.
There is no man in the State" said one OF
the officials Of the school system recently,
that know OF, who is ready to stand forth
in his efforts to resist this demand OF the
people,
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
THE CHINESE TROUBLES.

Advices from Pekn under date oil
August 81, state that the Americans,
British, japanese and Russisns were
posting proclamations defining the juris-
diction of their respective districts for
the preservation of order.
General Chaffee, as stated yesterday.
cables the War Department that the
Chinese government will not return to
Pekin so long as the foreign army re-
mains, and under such conditions Gen.
eral Chaffee does not think the Ameri-
can legation can transact any business.
It is believed that all the American
troops will be removed to Manila and
held there for emergency.
The continued landing of British,
German and French forces at Shanghai
is arousing suspicion.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11

Montgomery, Ala, Sept. ll.-Mis.
Kate Pierson, daughter OF prominent
man Of Elmore county, awOke last En-.
day night to find a negro grasplng he,
hands. She screamed and sbe fed, but
was captured and placed 10 JAIL he
proved to be Zeb Floyd, a youoe negro
of the neighborhood. Sunday at MD
night two men, accompanied bysfe,.
tered prisoner, raped on the iai doc,
at Wetumpks. The iailer responded
and demanded through a crack 10 The
door to know what they wanted. They
said they had prisoner and produced ami.
tmus signed by justice OF the pesce III,
jsiler carefully examined it. decided il ",
official and opened the door, whetupOn The
men seized him, and being REINFORCED by len
others from bohind the JAIL made away With
Floyd. Yesterday morning the negros boly
was hanging TO q tree two miles from Victim.
pks with card pinned 10 It bearing these
words: Warning is hereby given that 81
negroes who prepehate this crime vii med
his punishment"
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
The Situation in South Africa.

London, Sept. 11.-Lord Roberts tel
graphs that General Butler reports the
attack on hill held by the Beers above
Lydenberg on Saturday, Sept. 8. The
British were on the point OF succeeding,
when fog enyeloped them compelling
the cessation of operations. Ga Sun
day, the 9th, Butler occupied the
Maucbsberg least of Lydenberg) des-
pite strenuous resistance on the part
of the Beers.
London, Sept. ia friend OF Lord
Roberts telegraphtd him LIST week, {:
"Csn you tell when you will returf?"
Lord Roberts reply dated Belfast, Sept.
s, reads: 81 wish could"
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
Killed Himself For Love,

Pottsville, Pa, Sept. 1l.--Haus
Sailing committed suicide some time
late yesterday afternoon by shooting
himself in the right temple with re.
volver iD one of the ROOM of the Potts
vile Liederkrsnz. He had with him q
photograph of Miss belong, young
lady to whom he had been paying at
tention, but who refused to continue
their relations as lovers. He persisted
in his court, and she on Saturday
prosecuted him before justice, charg-
ing him with annoying her. The hear
ing was held yesterday and his suicide
was the final act. He comes from a
wealthy family in Russia.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11

If THE ratio of loss in the repu0li
can, and cain 10 the democratic, vote
of Maine, be Appropriated in the larger
close of States of the North. Mr.. Bryan
may as we'll be having his coat brushed
and his boots blacked for entering the
White House next March. Mr.. Reed
nor any other prominent anti-imperiai'
ist and believer in the wisdom Of
Washington's farewell address can
yassed that State, but their influence
was exerted from afar, and was ei-
fective in reducing the republican ma
jority, and that too, though to increase
or a. least to maintain that mslorl'y'
more corruption money was spent
there than in any previous campaigD'
Yes, the trend OF popular feeling is TO-
ward Mr.. BRYAN.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11

THE republicans have at last realized
the fact that massacriDg entire bridal
parties au1 looting and desecratiog
Catholic churches in the Philippines are
not approved by the average American
at home, no matter how patriotic he may
be, or what religion he may profess
and they have therefore commenced the
publication OF statements trying to prove
that the administration ordered a
strict investigation OF all such outrsges
aud the condigu punishment of all who
should be found guilty of perpetratipe
them. But the mere fact that such an
investigation has been ordered, certain
ly presents 10 bad light the nation
that prosecutes wars solely in the To-
terest of Christianity.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11

THE WHITE people of Virginia have
been taxed to the extent of fifteen mil
lion dollars for the support OF the ne
gro free schools in the State since the
adoption of the free school system; last
year, to the extent of half a million,
though the negroes did not pay five
per cent. of the revenue. This may
seem all right to the South-haters Of
the North, but that it does not seem
80 to the people who pay the tax re-
ferred to, is by no meaos remarkable
especially ss the negroes now crowd
the penitentiary and the jails, work
houses and poor's houses.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
A Determined Suicide

Philadelphia, Sept. H. Prompted by des-
pondency, which poor health intensified,
Frederick Fsekler, a prosperous downtown
bother, ended his life in a sensational manner
esrly yesterday morning at his home, No.
1926 Tssker street. To insure death Fack-
Ter took laudanum, cut his throat and then
hanged himself to water pipes in the cellar
neighbor called in by his daughter dis
c. vsred him dead in q STOPPING position, with
the thin rope grOoved in the deep cash In his
throat. The recent death Of his wife, to
whom he was greatly attached, made Fsckler
very low spirited, and his family think tn at
grief caused him 10 end his life.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
TELEGRAPH BREFirla

Chairman Jones, OF lDe c 80 p.
national com mittee, ieH Nu''e
New York last Di&nt. II 1,I4 20
mission Ia to prevsl upOu %, s.
nominate an upstate u""
ernor OF New York. b.,
John Flood, the Hlsn fetO'I Ro..,n
died Sunday ct his nome s to 6.ys
Learning that the boy " va pouer'
been buried yesterday II VIZ fri.5 II.
Field, q number OF mem lei1 Uate.at
cieties made arraDgeme ~
burial. ,.,,,..
Carelessness and disobedienG1 b,ioeing &
ions by an Italian lahore, n,,of g..oIe
lighted torch near wrecke Si,..,on 4 &C.
on the Cleveland & Pittsbu nase.li,e T.
Pennsylvania lines and a terh6. iS'
thus ignitiDg the fumes, C. moro.rg ne'i
plosion ct 2:30 o'clock me. see
East Liverpool, Ohio. F.3 Euly
badly burned, two, it Is fe d. chen is
William J. Bryan s1pouSS ~ exre.td 10
Arose in Chicago today ~ us /. wo k'-
put In the day at hard WON a11,,ered b.iF
on his antitrust speech to i Tisreer' ,,
the Democratic 'ommene$ ,r,dsr eysnifS
socistion, at Ct. Louis next ,,ore time o. jig
Bryan will slso put 10 some "'
letter of acceptance. ia an'
The British stesmer ststion At c'.
ashore of the life saving aoklpg siosm .
Henry, vs., last night.
has gone TO the vessels ssslsh
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
Dangerous Gale annrosoh,

Chicago. Sept. ia warning of an
approaching dangerous gale has been
sent out by the local weather bureau
The storm is approaching from the
southwest at high velocity and is
shifting to the northwest. 1t is the af.
termath Of the hurricane which deyes-
tated Galveston.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
Killed For Singing.

New York, Sept. 1l.-CsezNo
Arioso, an Italian laborer, IS yssn
old, OF Hoboken, died 10 ST. Mays
hospital, that city, yesterday nOrncs
from a bullet wound in his left side.
There was a reception in Arioso's home
on Saturday Di bit and after it wsscyG
Arioso stood in the street and begsn 10
sing. John and Michael Delmol.co
shouted to him to stop, but he kept o.
Later pistol shots were heard srd
Aioso was found fatally wounded
TIE Delmonicos were locked up on
charge of murder.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
suicide Of a stage-struck Girl

Paterson, N. j., Sept. l.-MHre
Csrlodgh, aged 10, attempted to CON-
NIT suicide yesterday morning 10 'le
rear of Der home at II Smith street.
The Girl became infatuated with men,
Der of a theatrical company playing
here and he promised to take her sTs!
with him He left the city sund'y
night witholt fulfilling bis prO@.'o
The pirl appeared Respondent. fe''
terdav morning she bought caTOoaC
acid at drug store. Then she |.L'
home and drank the contents oil '''
bottle. She will die.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11

Ex-senator Henderson OF Nebraska
a republican OF the strictest sect, has
Just sailed for Europe, where he will
remain until after the election. he
said before boarding his ship that from
what he had heard, he was induced to
believe that Bryan will carry New
York. There is no doubt OF the fact
that large majority of the white peo'
pie OF this country prefer Mr.. Bryan to
Mr. Mckinley for President, but the rub
is whether or not, the malign Influence
of Mr.. Hanns's election fund will be
sufficient to overcome their Datural
preference.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
Man and Woman Both Dead


Stursis, KY, Sept. 11.-Cora W.
Of Moreanfeld, died here SUNDAY a,lsf,
10 consequences Of q criminal opera "isl'
Thomas Holt OF the same place ', n'
brought her here, is dead. hayinS o "uo
mitted suicide, and the militia mas T bo
called out to protect DR.. WE CIa'a u
who Is accused OF having preformsS i' u.
operation which caused Miss W W. 'ue
death. Miss Waller aud Holt d,'sl :
over from Morgafield after SUNNI 1--we wv,
went at once to the office OF dr. CI auu
where it is alleged the operation a." -
performed Miss Walters coudirior %
came such that Clark left to secnra W.
aid of another physician. w. t SEir, ,ue
a merchant passing by, saw a liObt I.
Clark's office and started to enter ~ ~
warned him not to come 10 on nsia Wv !,
death, but recognizing him NOM.
later learned his head onSkinuers' .Fon'
der, told him that Miss Waller was osa.
and asked him to telephone to her b,o,s
or. Skinner started to 10 TO a telsnl"a.
eho oCbS Ato WIG DuCh 10 Inc Qthco
She reached there just in time to sas
Holt 90 over to the operating chair i
which the girl lay dead aud knee s'
her feet. Holt took of his own and
Miss Walters rings and gold nj,
Handing them to Mrs. Skinner. be , r.,
and stepped to the rear door. wbs,s
after leaning his head Oh his arm 70, .
moment as lin prayer, be drew a p,
volver and shot himself In the mop,b
Mrs. Skinner jumped TO her feet aar
tried to west the smoking reyoIye-
from his hands. Waving her swsr
with the weapon, Holt Stepped forwa'5
to where the dead woman lay and Dies.
Ing q kiss on her cheek placed the M.
zle of his pistol against his hear, And
fred. He reeled forward and fell pe,,
the corpse Of his sweetheart.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
,IealOuS Mans Crime.

Helena, Mon., Sept. 1l.-Willis How.
ard and Frank Forest were rival admir-
ers OF Flora Zlnn. Howard accompanied
Der to church Sunday night. Shortly
after the couple left the church they
were met by Forest, who drew a re.
volver and instantly killed Howard.
The girl fed, but was pursued by For
est, VINO shot her twice, once through
the body and once near the heart. She
will probably die. Forest then turned
the weapon upon himself and inflicted
a fatal wound.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
DEAFNESS CANNOT BE CURED

by local applications, as they cannot reach
the diseased portion of the ear. There 10
only one wsy to cure deafness, ard that is by
constitutional remedies. Deafness is caused
by an inhsmed condition OF the mucous lin
ing Of the Eustachisn Tube. When this tube
10 infsmed you have a rumbling sound or
imperfect hearing. and when 1t is entirely
closed deafness is the result, and unless the
Inflammation can be taken out and this tube
restored to its normal condition, hearing will
be DESTROYED forever. Nine cases out of ten
are caused BY Cstsrrh, which is nothing bot
an lnhsmed condition OF the mucous surfaces.
We will give One Hundred Dollars for any
case of Deafness (c,used by cstsrrh) that
cannot be cured by Halls Cstarrh Cure. Send
or circulars, free.
FL. CHENEY & CO., Toledo, O.
Sold by Druggists, Toe.
Halls Family Pills are the beet.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11

Ii Is PRINTED in some OF the republi'
can and so-called independent newspa-
pers that ex-Secretaries Villas and La
mont think as they did four years ago,
and will act accordingly. Why, OF
course, they will, and as both of them
sneeze when Mr.. Cleveland pulls hair
out of his nose, they would advocate
the election Of Mr.. Bryan iftheir ex-chiei
should Intimate his intention OF doing
so. Messrs. Olney ard Wilson will
vote for Mr.. Bryan, but Messrs. Villas
and Lamont, assuming to be men OF
higher tone, couldn't think of doing so.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
The Election i'm Maine.

Portland Me-, Sept. 1.-The repub-
licans carried this State yesterday by q
plurality of about 81 500 The vote for
governor was about 1900 for Hill Ire.
publicap) and Al, 300 for Lord demo
crsD. These figures are based on the
returns from about three-quarters of
the cities and towns 10 the State.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
TUESDAY EVENING. SEPT. II, 1900

Mr.. HANNA is not better than MS
Marty. but that be has less hypocrisy
and more sudscity than his party, Is
proved by the fact that he boldly casts
off all sham about love of the flag, op-
position to trusts, support OF protection
sound money, regard for the Constitu-
ton, and patriotism. and says that the
issue of the present political campaign
is the dinner pail. And, sad to relate,
there is more truth than poetry in the
remark referred to. But Mr.. Hanna
ought to know that though his own
idea be correct, his party will not be
profited by it, as the strikes, threaten.
ed strikes, lockouts and decreased
wages all over the country are condu'
Give neither to the size nor contents Of
the dinner pail, aud the tariff even 10
oreases the cost OF the pail itself
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
no-aiQn News.

Rome Sept. t1.-It is officially stated cl l-'.
Italy does not desire iaitnef sc,ig" t ~ me
and that II indemnify Is iecel, IG .,,bi,,e
Chinese government I1Siy VIII
from China. oil, -bo,l.
Doncsster, Sept. II -IoG e. oioSOV ,,.,'e-i.,
turned from the Up yea o's's M +,
was in the saddle at tpe me- D'' ~ SD
and won the Chsmpsgne ~, v,
sovereigns on Orchid. oA,s' ,"o n, ne
S T;,oi, nau .t n1,n /" Va au IL Be1
Sloan was second ans "A'''n, ,uiI b.
race for the famous - besci
run here tomorrow.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
Suicide of a School Teacher.

Plairfield. N. J Sept 1i.-Clsra TickDcr
who for the last fourteen years had been a
teacher in the Bryant public school, commit
ted suicide Sunday evening by drinking car.
bo!ic acid. She hsd been greatly affected by
the intense heat Of the summer and had also
worried about changes which had been made
in Der studies for the coming year. Her
school opened tO1sy and she could not bear
the thought Of returning to her studies under
the new conditions
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11

The emergency bags sent by a church SO
ciety TO Kansas soldiers in the Philppin. Q
contained among the necessities Q box OF De,
Wits Witch Hazel Sslve, the well known
cure for piles injuries and skin diseases. The
ladies took caro- 10 obtain tbs original Dc
Wits Witch Hazel Sslve knowing hist al
the conDterfaits are worthless.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11

Mr.. MCALEER of Philadelphia is the
only Congressman from his city who
sits on the democratic side of the U. :.
House of Representatives. But he Is
no democrat. He is q protectionist
and gold money man, and ma al
ways be counted on to support any re-
publican measure that may be propos =
ed. The democrats of his district
should let him depend for his election
upon his republican friends, and should
support a true blue member of their
party for the seat in Congress he fills.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11

ALEXANDRIA HAD her September
storm four years ago, and then deemed
herself unfortunate; but in view of the
terrible effect of the recent storm at
Galveston, she is thankful that her own
loss was so slight. Misfortunes are the
lot of cities as well rs of man, and
those who bear them with the
most grace and equsnimity. get the
most pleasure out of life.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
MARRIED.

At 10 kville, Md, on July 2, 1900. by
the Rev. j. Dorsey White, Mr.. JAMES b.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
The MarkeIa

Chicago, Sept. 1.-The market closed At
follows: whest-O Oct 74a741A
Georgetown, Sept u.-Whsat 65s7l,
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11

One man was KILLED and six probably fatal
ly injured this afternoon by an explosion at
the Baldwin Locomotive Works in Philsdel-
phia.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11

To prevent consumption quickly cure
throat and lung troubles with One Minute
Cough Cure.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11
Don't Tobacco Spit and Smok'

To quit tobacco easily ars 'or ta %o.-
netic. full OF life, nerve and v t,i weak ~
Bac, the wOnder-worker, that :, rrre e1ag'L
strong. All druggists, soc or ,ree Ajl's,.
teed. Booklet and sample Neg io'%
Sterling Remedy Co. ChicagF
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1900-09-11

You cen call it cough, ccf' ~, b.u 6
Esff, Rough, or kaugh but the ooe Miil'
remedy that qnickly cures 1t Il
COACH Cure.
The Clarksburg telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1874-1926, 1900-02-02
NEWs RON lac ON FlELp
The Greasy Fluid that Makes
Wealth Being Found ii
Great Quantity.

Judge Con No. 10 is expected inSat-
urday and No. 10 Monday. Thecasing
from both wells has been pulled. COT
| No. 10 was shot Monday, responded
| well and has settled down to 26 bar
rel we'll This is the Judges lightcst
producer. This well Is only Two loc1-
tions from the independents Davis
No. j. 1t is understood on good au-
thority that Judge Goff will make two
or three locations shortly, west Of NO.
|i6. which will make these wells near
the Coz No. 4, over which the suit
with tho South Penn several years ago
created much interest In oil circles
Maxwell No. ON Tenmile leased by
B. NJ. Dcspard and Judge Goti Is down
j, 500 feet, and another location that
farm Is expected to be made soon. The
Judge Inns 10 producers with an apgre-
gate daily product OF 1900 barrels.
These range from 800 10 % barrels
each. lie has no busters.
The South Penn drilled in It's O. W.
Smith No. / Friday on New Creek and
has 2OObarrel producer. -Four more
wells are drilling on that farm.
Hiram Lynch Nos. 18 and 10 wore
shot Wednesday with very fine results.
There are or wells on that farm
well under headway. Lynch has %
producers in all, the aggregate daily
product touching upon 1000 barrels
In the Jaryisville field the South
Penn company has completed itsNc 3
on the p. Dolan farm and has 1obar-
rel pumper.