The sun., 1900-08-19

ne NOIHl VI htAlCdii Hlt-ltS VAR
nibalism and It's perpetual wars waged for the
solo purpose Of capturing prisoners to be sacrl-
feed and eaten-were absent in Peru. where
the huanaco and vicuns abounded, both in
tho Wild and the domestic state and furnished a
suficisncy OF animal food for a relatively thin
populatlon for the same reason, famines we're
In Peru unknown although in the colder dis-
tricts II was not uncommon for the crops 10
fail In three years out OF every FIVE, Herds
manship, always more favorable 70 material
than 10 intellectual progress, here had a pecu-
liar effect In determining the course Of advance
ment. Trained 10 habits Of command and
foresight by the dome estcstion Of the llama,
the invading tribes from the South behcld in
the stolid aborigines Of the Peruvian cordl-
lera an inferior species OF mau over whom a
similar dominion could be exercised. Easily
reduced 10 submission, these aborigines were
thenceforth treated as animals, destined like
the llama 10 labor In herds under the direction
Of their masters. The Camayocs. or super
visors. to whose care they were committed.
numbered them. classified them and registered
them according 10 their age and consequent
capacity for work; like the llamas, they were
divided into male and female focks, some set
apart for the service OF the huacas (deties)
among whom the Sun ranked first in import
was made for feeding and clothing them: their
sexual alliances were regulated by the govern
ing authority; like the llamss. they were trans
ported In large numbers. whether permanently
or for some temporary purpose. from one dis
trict 10 another-a practice facilitated by the
vast extent Of the Inca dominion The doml-
nant neople Itself patiently conformed 10 a
similar system OF regulations directed by the
chiefs in whom the supreme command was
vested.
The warriors who here. owing TO the wide
extent Of the dominion, formed, relatively TO
the mass OF the people. larger body
than in Mexico. were largely drawn from the
pessantry, and the organization by which the
dominion was extended supplied the labor en-
ployed In the works by which IL was consoli-
dated. As conquests advanced, roads and
bridges had TO be made to render the new ter
ritorles accessible; terraces and acequias had
to be formed to make the territories available
for agriculture: groups OF buildings had 10 be
erected in each district, buildings known as
Inca tampus OF Inca houses. consisting Of store
houses, dwellings for the garrison and the
Capac-Tnca. houses for the Sun and for the
women assigned TO his service. The existing
monuments of the Inca domination bear witness
10 an energy and command Of labor equal 70
that OF some early civilizations OF the Old World
and far more than adequate to the require
ments which called them forth. For instance,
shortly before the Spanish conquest, Huaina
Capac caused stones for building the Inca
houses AZ Quito and Tumipampa 10 be brought
from the Quarries OF Cuzco, distance Of 900
miles. along one Of tho most difficult routes
In the world, and he often boasted that whom
nothing else remained TO employ his subjects
h would have them remove a mountain from
IT. snit and rebuild II elsewhere
MIR. Payne thinks that a despotism thus
prematurely developed probably tended TO
check mental advancement in It's beginnings;
he points out that the South American stocks
In general appear TO have been less capable OF
Improvement than their northern neichbors
These considerations, however scarcely e1-
plain the fact that a people who put forth the
immense material force eVinced by the Inca
dominion and its monuments remained INTEL
lectually NJ level far lower than that reached
in Mexico and scarcely surprising the higher
savaPery Of North America Our author
would find the Chief reason in the compare
lively short time, Scarcely more than a century,
which at the date Of the Spanish conquest
had elapsed since the foundation Of the enlarged
Inca dominion. Vast as was Its extent IL
was still in it, infancy, having been founded
by the grandfather OF Huaina Capac, who
died only few years before the invasion OF
Peru by Pizarro. The intellectual progress
n Mexico was pri ncipally based on the COM
bincd application OF arithmetic and Photography