The sun., 1900-12-30
CHRISTIAN DEMOCRACY.
rorr tgOS INCi'iHAL 0N INN Nn
.J,,I no mr. pROu, i0iIID sCON.
.,..,a us,. Appeared Ansr rrsne''o"n Con
,,e,. In september p''''ed ey Protest"
., c.,ms. nishop. Copae'tira with Kaiser
,,.,ns ,,nu.n,r of cardinal Ni,s. y Tate.

HOME. Dec II In high places the puhn-
,ation Of tho ercvoicnlon 'nrlNlnh demoo-
tacy IL announced NJ bong very near az
rand Leo Xlll formed tho ld"a OF COM
poslng tho document ~ me early daNs oi last
,,,,,,,c, ,p viewing the divisions among
I,a,ia, rotro,,c, and tho confusion about
Doman ideas IN some minds abroad, Two
,c,dc,cle. have boon produced on tho Italian
.iIo - tho Alps - - tho case almost every
,herc In spi'o.of discreet order. and the
,cneated directions of the Vatican, several
rrti-conscrvatiyo groups objected to Chris
tian democracy and resisted more or less
openly the faithful upholdcrs Of the social
Pontincntc. This resistanc" was crysta lized
In the Opera Del CoasrcsSi," whose leaders
tried to keep up the former purely religious
programme.
The young men" on the contrary. rally
ing around SiSncr roniolo and the Ojsrr-
rdtors Codolico. harasscd tho old men"
and sought In every way to draw them into
new paths. Behind them the Holy See. whIle
marking out strict limits. organized the
tYamework OF Christian democracy in order
20 withdraw tho National Reserves from the
monarchy OF Savoy and TO create powerful
organization OF forces. In Italy more than
elsewhere the Pope tries to gather together
activities and associations into a compact
body. because the natural course OF Christian
democracy will bring about, sooner or later a
factor into the solution Of the -dlssidio"
between Italy and the papacy. Tho con-
servatives and the rcactlonarics Gro strangely
dcluding themselves when they look for
ward 10 the withdrawal OF the Leonine policy,
for this policy OF rejuvenation rests at once
on a social programme and on the idea of re-
vence upon the usur ing government in Rome.
At the congress OF italian Catholics held
he an n pf 10 IN under ~
eve Of the Holy Father. in 1000 the chiefs
~ Christian democracy hoped 10 bring about
the union Of all forces on the basis of instruc-
tons from Rome, and In their tiru the par
tlsans OF the Opera Del conGrosSi sale
ready TO secure the old citadel against ir-
rcs!stble as-a"lts. BNt Ioo NIL reserved
the question TO himself and i'npo sed silence,
announcing through the Cardinal Vicar that
q solemn document would cut the knot.
Nevsrtheless. on receiving the promoters
q. the twQ organizations. Leo XIII and his
Secretary Of state rave ont rrccs" aGvic'.
To the conservatives they declared that
1t was necessary II make lar=e concessions
T. the young men by avoiding to wran -le
over the vocabulary of Christian democracy
and Of the Catholic denocrat,. To the so
cialistI they add.d that they must not force
upon the Older party their formulas. provided
they made them accept the a0tIal facts
The acceptance Of the social democratic
proCramme was thus obligatory. Withdrawing.
nevertheless, To the older parties freedom "a
regards the words, such was their watch
word and this double general idea forms
the groundwork Of tho encyclical II means
establishing peace from the heights, like tho
God Of Job. and carrying ont with the play
OF free forces the free development of the
Pontilcal programme.
The encyclical was announced for Sept.
so after the Intern atioAal Congress of the
Third order Of st. Francis. which met. as ia
known. in Rome. in September last The
Pope had arranged for this meeting with
Cardinal Wives Tuto. VI. Leon Harmel ard
the Generals Of the sons OF st. Francis in
order tn make it the startins point for a great
social action. The French section OF the
Bon Pere" had expressed desires that
were clearly democratic. Cardinal Eives,
the conadant Of the Popo and the soul Of tho
deliberations had placed himself distinctly
on the ground taken by NJ. Leon Harnel.
whose merits Leo XIlI. appreciates and eytols.
The Spanish Caruchin Cardinal is just now
one of the noblest figures in the Roman
Senate He Is the Youngest member Of the
Sacred College After a fruitful career in
Guatemala, the mork was obliged 10 fec
from persecution He took refuge in the
United States where he came into contact
with the exubcrant American democracy.
He has derived from his distant labors the
understanding Of modern questions. pcne-
trating intuition as regards the conditions
Of universal life. fervent admiration for the
programme Of regeneration Of Leo Mi.
with the object OF bringing together the
Church and the people. Settling down at
Rome. for LONG years he placed his soul
and his knowledge at the service Of the
Papacy and its central ideas. His votes In
the CONGREGATIONS were noticed and appre-
ciated. and inspired the idea of making him
Cardinal to the Holy Father His profoundly
Catholic sentiment his mind. open and ac-
crsshe TO all rejuvenating causes, his in
variable ard persevering devotion 10 Loo
XIII. and To Cardinal Rampolla. obtained
for him ut once place OF honor at the Vatican.
IN the Sacred College and In the Congro ga
tons lie Is one Of the main working levers
of the Papacy. Whenever the Pope and
Cardinal Rampolla have 10 carry out delicate
affair. they in,rust it to Cardinal Wives. Still
young. his future promises to bc brilliant
and fruitful.
The encyclical was about to crown and
sanction the labors of the International
Congress of the Third Order when unex-
pected resistance was discovered. The an
nounccment was made that very powerful
ised document sine die. Whence came this
extraordinary contradiction? Some persons
who should know think that they can assert
that the German EpIscopacy demanded
officially tho Withdrawal OF the encyclical.
As is well known. an intimate alliance ia being
formed between tho Bishops and the Kaiser
The Emperor promises all sorts OF bcncyo-
lences provided the Church In Germany will
place its forcs at tho disposal Of tho Wchpoh-
H. in the expectation of the establishment Of
the Empire Of the West. that brilliant phan-
tasm Of tho Imperial fancy. Now william
H. means to flSht against the course OF de-
moor acy: he has forced the "fa"tious" 70 so
cial silence" and he wishes tho Church to
subordinate its action tn that of the can so
Of reaction. By every means he is en-
deavoring TO enlist on his side TIE great uni
versal movement which is carving Cathol-
icisn under the direction OF tho Pope into
social peace. order. justice and fraternity.
IL seems that the Bishops are open 70 this
view and u these prohibitions. From Fulda
the Pruss.aa Bishops have addressed TO the
priests a collective iniunction against Catholic
labor unions. aud Mgr Noerberg. Arch
- H..