davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Newtown bee. (Newtown, Conn.) 1877-current, 1900-07-20

government Eerv.ce about three PEARS.
Mr. Ferry at the present time rents his
shop and cultivates few acres Of land
and does what work his health will per-
init. He IL one OF the few left Of the old
time Inhabitants who has worked for the
best interest Of Bethel the past half GEN.
fury.
Frank A. Judd spent the greater part
Of last week on q trip to Litchfisld coun-
ty and vicinity. A day fishing on Ban
tam lake, which very suddenly termina-
ted during heavy gale OF wind and
thunder shower, will be long remember
ed. Charles Beecher, one of Bethel's
popular meat cutters, calamity piloted
the boat in shore amid the waves rolling
mountains high and just in time to save
the party from bath which was not
bargained for or desired. Mrs Judd on
Friday morning took the train and join
ed her husband at New Preston and
drove their own team from thence to
Watertown and Waterbury, spending
Sunday with their daughter and family,
Mr. and Mrs Frank Parsons. They ar
rived home on Monday morning after a
pleasant drive.
The Newtown bee. (Newtown, Conn.) 1877-current, 1900-07-20

LAST THURSDAYS MEMORABLE STORM
Bethel was visited by another severe
thunder storm, Thursday afternoon. The
lightning was sharp and there was q
heavy fall of rain. The lightning struck
in several places, but fortunately did lit.
tie damage. At the home of Henry
Lynch on Division street, few of the
shingles ON the roof were torn off and
some of the boards splintered by bolt
that was felt in that vicinity. Mr. and
Mrs Lynch were not at home at the time
and knew nothing of the affair until some
time afterwards. The lightning also
struck the house Of Mrs Clara A. Steb
bins at Depot place. A rear door wal
splintered. and the electric fluid then en-
tered the ground, tearing hole in itht
earth near the house. The inmates o.
the house were slightly shocked. Dan
bury News.
The Portland daily press., 1900-06-05

The meeting of the city council last
night was a very busy one and most i'm
portant business was transacted. The
council at first voted to appropriate S',ooo
for n new pest house, then the aldermen
reconsidered their action and asked the
council to do the same because the alder
men had found that there wasn't much
money left In ting contingent fund. The
common council agreed to this finally
and the entire matter was referred to
the finance committee to struggle with.
The committee ON public works reported
that 1t would be inexpedient to repair
vaughan's bridge and recommended that
a new bridge be built.
The sum Of $500 was appropriated Tor
the celebration of July Attn. Ordinances
materially affecting the junk dealers and
pawn brokers was passed to be ordained.
Besides these things much important
business was disposed Of.
The city council finally adjourned until
next Monday evening.
NEW PEST HOUSE NEEDED.
The Board of Health presented report
to the city council stating the necessity
Of a first class pest house ON the Dee ring
farm. The report stated that the present
pest house is not suitable for winter oc-
cupancy and the old Mitchell house Is no
better. The report recommends that the
Board of Health, the overseers of the poor
and the city engines and architect
should choose the location. The building
should be made Of wood. 1t should have
male and female wards with eight beds
each. a kitchen and room for nurse, three
bath rooms, a detention department for
men and women and the building should
be heated by steam. The board says the
building should be started at once.
DIR. George II. Cummings of the board
Of health appeared before the council 70
explain the necessity of u new pest house.
He said that often it was required 70
move a person sick with small pox or
other contagious diseases from his own
house. 1t should be possible to trans
fer him to a good hospital. The present
may be forced to leave their own homes,
He said that small pox is on the increase
and any of his hearers under certain
conditions might be Obliged to seek such
an asylum for the public good. He said
that he was sorry to say that today Port
land has no proper place to which a pa
tient may be moved.
DIR. Bowers, councilman from Ward
6, asked DR.. Cummings II any other 10
cation besides the Deering farm had beer
considered.
He said in reply that this was a suit
able place and in the opinion OF thu
board of health the best place. He
thought the new isolation ward should
be. far away from other buildings.
Mr.. Dyer asked DR.. Cummings II hi
didn't believe the BARRIERS should be
forced to sterilize their Instruments.
DIR. Cummings said 1t would be a goot
thing but not necessity.
Mr.. Mclaughlin wanted to know how
much It would cost to build a pest house
DIR. Cummings said 1t would cost abou
$40, 600. The buildings should be Of wood
with cellar and properly plumbed and
The Portland daily press., 1900-06-05
What Shall Ne Have for Dessert 7

This question arises In the family every
day. Let US answer 1t today. Try Jell-O,
q delicious and healthful dessert Pre-
pared in two minutes. No boiiipgi no
baking amply add boiling water and
sst % cool. flavors;-LsnQn, orapgp.
Raspberry and Strawberry. aet pa6k-
ago at your groesrs today 10 I'D.
The Portland daily press., 1900-06-05


Will to learn that we have been
1900 Our will be the only ones
of quality all others
is gratifying doubt will be the
they Will
we'll
they are getting the best cigar on the market
JACOB sTAn,
The Portland daily press., 1900-06-05
(7RAIN(')
THE FOOD DRINK

Grain-O is not a stimu-
liant, like coffee. 1t is a
tonic and its effects are
permanent.
A successful substitute
for coffee, because it has
the coffee favor that al
most everybody likes.
Lots of coffee substi-
tutes in the market, but
only one food drink
Grain-O.
An sroosrs; La and go.
The Portland daily press., 1900-06-05

Albert $. Mari. Luther 4. Skillings.
Frank M. Floyd, George g. Crib, Ar
thur j. Floyd, George b. Stevens, Joshua
l.. Dole, Charles W. Leighton, William
l.. Bennett, Albert M. Berry, Herbert l..
Brown, Isaiah 4. Willetts, Joseph Fl.
Thorndike We're appointed special police
men without ray
The Portland daily press., 1900-06-05
PUBLIC WORMS.
mmittee ON pablo works
riders for sewers on b
emerson street,. to repair a

The COMMITTEES ON publlc works report
ed that orders for sewers on Brighton
street, Emerson street, to repair and ma
eadsmizs Deering street, between State
and Mellen, to macadamize Frankli n
street between Cumberland and Oxford,
to pave Franklin street between Com
mercial and Fore streets were passed
May 7th.
The committee on public works report
ed that the order for sidewalk On Cum
berland street between Lafayetts and
Merrill streets and the westerly side Of
Merrill street between Cumberland and
Congress was insxpedient ~ the owner
has made applieatiop1or . sidewalk.
The petitioners for cement sidswslk
In front Of the main entrance Of Essy.
gran oemstszy hsss Withdrawn thsiz
petition.
An ordsr Tas psEsd Hixsetips tho Qpma
miaslonss u tublA Narks . sztnd IN,
The Portland daily press., 1900-06-05

4 petition from a large number Of
citizens that the prohibitory law be en-
forced was received and placed ON file.
The mayor said he didn't know how
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1900-03-17
LETTER FROM MASSACHUSETTS
Something About Springfield and
Surroundings Rural De-
livery Envied.

Correspondence of the Democratic Advocate
SPRINGFIELD, March H. 1900
MEssRs EpTToRs Your paper is our weekly let
ter from home. It comes Saturday afternoon
and when it doesn't come We feel as if something
was missing. Seeing that you sometimes publish
editorials from the springfield Republican" |
thought perhaps the ADVOCATE and its readers
would like to know what kind of place Springfield
is. 1t lies in the Connections Valley the east
side Il the Connecticut River, and Is ounected
with West Springfield by three bridges. The pop
ulation of about 6aOO0. 1t is connected with Hol-
yoke, the Paper City. westield, the Whip City, W.
Springfield, Milneague. Agawsm, latham. Chic
opee Chicopee Fails, Indian orchard and Thomp-
sonyille by electric railroads all of which do thriy
ing business. The Boston & Maine Boston 4 Al
bauy. n Y, y. II. & II r. X. pass through the city
All these pass lnto the Union station over a stone
arch across the mais street of the city.
The inhabitants principally FORE gners AMI one
Thing that strikes person being strange is that
there are scarcely any negroes
The political complex ion OF the town is Republi-
oau, although at present they have a Democratic
mayor whose name strange To say il the same as
that Of the mayor Of Baltimore
Springfield quite pretty place and is called the
"tity Of Homes" Almost every house has a piazza
and is surrounded By lawn. There arc many
places of interest. among which is the L 5 Armory
where the government riacs are made. There are
also many manufacturing places Paper. needles.
tools, pistols guns. sc. made. II Is great
place for bicycles many people riding ali winter.
We congratulate cur county on it, free delivery
u mail and assure them TIA, they are looked upon
With envy by some Of their northern sisters
Wishing you success we remain. yours very
truly, JLT WALTZ
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1900-03-17
GIsr ncnS.

~ f,.I ~, - -,.l.---- :.
-. "a -. ,,',.h 80
H'f'S''N',,' = -. -.
proving ihe sioFe g"'Fefy sac" '' s'''Fi'e
purchased % M l. 4 ''''N' AnA wa "'' @Pf
'i - soon As ha'shesL
Mss louise t.ai.e = visiting i"'A'i'T' anu
ir'ends ga NSN OK cay 80,
MI "rpfee h'oSn' Of s'A' vAl'Af' -
iuk, met ~Iih a verf pA'htai A'''ash' 90 @'A
dAy II last seek, ~hs'c TtsitinE b., taihe' So
la~. Mr. Charles ". Allen. by having hss
night tex broken below The knsc- Nr Alice
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1900-03-17
sunaar school Entertainment.


A very successful entertainment took place on
"Wednesday March T. At watorsyiiie. for the benefit
of the waiersyille NJ E Church. The program vas
OF a most patriotic nature. and heinz carried out
entirely by children connected with the Sunday
school deserves much praise for the niastcriy man
ner ia which they performed their parts The hail
was tastenilly decouatel hy the committee foz The
occAsion and added much TO thu impressions Of the
evening The progFAm consisted % An addrcSs by
Mis- F1ora Flemiag. INCEPTION by Uncle ssta al
the n original states Mr W. Shipey ~ Uncle sam,
Miss Hattie Lewis Colnmbis. Miss Loi;ie ShiPl"y,
Republics: and states as follows New Hampshire.
Ada HathAeld. Massachusetts,. Anaic Stipicy Coz
uerticut Minnie Haiues Rhode Island. susie Wood
ard: New York Luia HAshficid. Nrw Jersey. Lcs1a
Hathfield Peunsyi vAnia. May wossiA 81. Centennial
Chap. Master Howard Hali. Delaware. Mamie Hath
arld. Mari tarI. Fiors Fleming Virginia RachCl
Zopp. North Carolina NrIiie fialhaeld South Caro-
lima. Jamie woc.izrl Ge5rza otiyis stirlcy
Following tais vas irci. Rcuhcu ard Rachel b.
Master John Lewis and Olivia shiPey. which
heartily res,slyg,i Making the asg b. 2 boys AMI
girls was nicely fcD,iervA Catnic reclt4tioas AMI
songs by Messrs II Few Ter sud ~ Shipisy. O. NL.
Airy. keps the audirncs ,u she hsst g husnog The
National Airs sang coasistst II Rattle Hymn Il ihe
Repablo. MarchinE Throagh tsrosga. CoiBai=sa.
The cen Of tir tAn AsncFioz star sl~ngiesi nsn.
ner, when Johauy Cones NsuhsnE HoEao. Coed
nirhi song.
The tauslc Vas piaygzi na the organ BY Atss AHhA
Kroner. nf wAssfsvllsc accompanied utth r,Hyuss
hy NJ Aitori Fle1ainz II Seoihlnc The reocipts
or the evening shovel appreciation 81 the TAEt -
the audicncc ior she work q the ogmuatites and
Children taking part
The committee consisted 81 Niss.s fisFtrIsts ship
iey. Bs-sie Hsihsald ami aaHa Kroner, and Nsfsss
Rost ShipGey and Ctarcnos Flcmigg
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1900-03-17
Shiloh Items,

Master Edward Lookingbil has secured
employment at Mr.. Mckelvey's as an appren-
tee.
The entertainment held at Shiloh NJ. f.
Church on Monday night was great success
Mr.. William Derr, Of Baltimore, spent part
of last week among relatives and friends at
this place.
Quite a nice little crowd spent Thurday
evening of last week at the home of the Misses
Storms Those present were Misses Annie
Lynch, Emma Houck, Katie Smith, of Baltl
more Effie Smith, Blanche Rupp; Messrs. F.
Arthur Lynch. Albert Houck and Aver
Storms. Mr.. Valentine Storms and wife, and
Miss Emma Storms, of Baltimore.
Mrs Joseph Lippy and daughter May, spent
Friday of last week with her daughter, Mrs.
Frank Leister.
Miss Nettie ShaiTer visited her brother
Harry Shaffer, Thursday night of last week.
Mr. Horace d. Garrett and wife spent Fri
day evening with George c. Garrett and
family.
Master Albert Houck aud sister spent last
Friday evening in Snydersburg.
Miss Matte Stansbury aud Miss Ada Zim-
norman spent part Of last week with Mrs.
William Hesson.
Mrs. Leonard Ril is very low st the present
time.
Lucinda Lowell is suffering from and attack
of rheumatism.
MIR George c. Garrett has secured employ
ment as a miller in Baltimore county. He
will move next week.
Mrs. Fred Fowble died ON Tuesday night.
Mr. Fuwble, who was sitting by her bed side,
heard he make peculiar noise. went to her
side to see what was wrong aud found her
dead. She leaves quite large family. Fu-
neral took place at ST Paul's Friday morning
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1900-03-17
Local LEGISLATION.

Ii. the Senate ca Friday. the House bill to
regulate the fees to he paid 10 the States At
torney of Carroll county was favorably re-
ported The House bill To incorporate the
Brine Trust Company was passed.
Mr. Lednum obtained leave to introduce a
hill TO sanction bequest of Elisha ". An
dreWs, of Carroll couuty. to Liberty Method
ist Protestant Church.
In the House. on Friday, the following
bills were fayorably reporied-bills amending
the charter Of the town of New Windsor:
amending the charter Of the Westminster
Water Company; amending the charter OF
the Uuion Mills Savings Bank Of Carroll
county; amending the charter Of the Union
Bridge Banking Company Of Carroll county.
Monday night Mr.. Beasman introduced a
bill 10 ratify the charter Of the United Milk
Producers Association Of Baltimore City
The House bill authorizing Carroll County
Commissioners 70 issue bonds to pay indebt-
edncSs al the School Commissioners WAS
passed by the House Monday night.
The Hoase bill 10 amend the charter OF
Union Bridge was passed by the House on
Tuesday night
Ga TUESDAY Mr. Walsh obtained leave 10
Introduce a bill to authorize the Mayor And
Council OF Westminster TO provide tire en-
gIue. On "Wednesday the same bill was re
ported iavnrably
In the Senate on Thursday favorable ~
ports Were made on the bills authorizing the
County Commissioners Of Carroll county 20
refund a. the town Of Hampstead 4 portion OF
ihc taxes collected in the town; to authorize
the MAYOR and City Council Of Westminster
to redeem the hoads Of the town. and to
amend the lars relating to Uaiou Bridge.
Carroll county.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1900-03-17
A Quilting Social.

Erpurtesi fos The uemocust,c Advocate
Mrs Man,ia Killer. RAiio, gsvr Der laaiy
friends Quilting social oa "Wednesday. the ,gh in-
slant ne guests utsan 70 arrive 81 an eariy boar.
ami stsyua tiI late in she Afternoon. Tar qati.ng
went on very uioc}y. each one tTyiaE 10 do their
t-sst Ia ihe lasts % their Wagk and while 81
were having go..l time chatting spi sosins. ise
guests urrr iuvlsl 20 The dininkroon, where s,nsi
table heavily lAssesssi ssh ssoi thiugs faF the
inner man Thsy al surrounded the tattr, sfsi
hen ali asa ample lassicr - themselves Z ass a
great reliaf % ihr tabic uhsCa a. rst 6iriy xFsSnt
under the weight q the dinner Amer diuner wagk
v.s rex,tfasi ami t,ft 81 ths Afternoon was sIsui
VERY F.sssssaatlY la singing aud chatting. shan to
uas serye tacther 80 CAKES ami traits 10 Ahln-
dance The day was pleasantly spent aHi the
social which was sscress vas given in hoaot u
their son and laue hscr who going 10 move eEt
of the ncighhorhcoi-
Thsssa pfesent Wers--Jacob kiiSr ana gise John
gisler and wife Jacob RiEicr arsd wtie, NesizHaes
Carvtlla Alexander AndVW Alexander. iaTsd
Pickett AndssR Long. Alyin pugNli. JOAN broHn.
Charles BoWersox george nAiacs, William keefer
Margaret Weaver. Urlah Lambert, Harry IAmherI
Nathan HAgne- Levi Frssreli Misses Ella przch,
Ftti~ Eccfcr tattie Killer Ethel Ha.ncs. Nsssss-
Joseph Kiicr Asa Eiies. Aha Kiler. Roy kiics,
Gusins Ffizreil, Willis Hass MasteFs Paul Rtsier.
Carl Haincs and Monroe ianh1rt-
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1900-03-17

How would it do for the Rural Carriers,
say every other week, TO reverse their routes,
give the ones at the end their mail early IN
the morning, instead of AT noon and after
Spose We try it y
DIR. A. L. Lambert, of New Windsor, in
the past five years, has dehorned 400 cattle.
Most all the cattle III the neighborhood OF New
Windsor are hornless.
Joseph Kelly, conductor on the T. W. d.
railroad, who was the principal witness IN the
Aberdeen, Md, assault case, was formerly IA
resident Of Union Bridge, where he spent hS
boyhood days.
The Hanover Produce Company intend
erecting large factory and warehouse at
Bruceyille station.
The Free Rural carriers are good advertls-
ing mediums for the Baltimore papers. One
OF the wagons has so many cards on 1t that
you can hardly tell what the wagon is.
Bluebirds, blackbirds aud robins have
made their appearance.
The Pipe Creek German Baptists will hold
their lovefeast on May 9Th.
Charles Crumbacker has just returned home
from visit to Louisville, Kentucky. He gives
glowing accounts of the State and his hair
breadth escapes at 1.-THE seat of war.
John Weigle spent several days this week
at Gettysburg, Pa.
John Situg, of Oil City. Pa, visited his
brothers, Charles and Henry Situg, nea:
Uniontowu, this week.
William Shepherd, a prominent business
man OF Iowa City, Iowa, is visiting his old
home aud relatives in Mary land. Mr.. Shep-
hsrd is "a son of James +. Shepherd, Esq, OF
Iowa City, who moved from this county u
number of years ago.
The farm of the late Isaac Repp, near
Uniontowu, containing i07 acres, was sold on
Wednesday, TO Harry Hull, for S46.65 pei
acre
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1900-03-17
A Surprise Party.

The hosgiuablc home u NJ aud Mrs. Wesley ,.
Hahn vas the scene q 81 pretty aud enjoyable snr'
priss party an Thnuslay evening. March sgh. In
honor Of their two dauwhters CiGriniia AMI Mary
The guests rast AZ the hoalc Of Eeuhca }. Hnabctt
and moved 70 the hamc Of the Aforesaid persons in
a body and toOk the plzce by storm. rushing into
The siiiingrosIa whySe MIS- Mary seated 81 The
piano. and Mis- Cluriudta occupying chair ns.Sr.
by When they had fully overcome their surprise
they welcomed the guests in the most enthusiasts
manner The evening WAS pleasantly sg-entin gcn-
eral conversation instrumental muslc. and various
innocent gaines until about II O'Clock, when they
werr invited % thc diuiagreou a here elaborate
aud sampiuaus repast awaited them. consisting Of
ali the delicacies OF the season imaginable They
then rcsuIaei their games until the wee sua' hours
when they BID the hostess adieu and returned 10
their respective homes feeling confident that IL
was good 20 have been there.
Those present were-Mr. Wesley J. Hahn and
wife. VIM f Krcfer and wife. Edward Bankert and
wife, Augustus study ana wifi. Reuben J. Hambert
and wife Mrs Elizabeth AFTER. Misses Ciurnd.a aud
Mary Hahn Ceiia Myers, Katie Humhcrt. Arsoidie
Koontz Molsie Messenger Mallie Brown, Della
Koontz Esta Humbert Ethel Keefer; Messrs oliver
Boose oliver Knipple, Herbert Lippy Hcrbert
Boose. Jacob Messenger, Howard Craumer. William
Humbert, Alyan Boose. Upton stoner, Jos. Brown.
Masters Paul Bankert and oscar Humbert-
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1900-03-17
Death OF Mr.. West.

Howard l.. West died last Sunday at s
O'Clock, p. m His death caused much sorrow
aud ,he greatest sympathy for his wife and
parents Although not quite unexpected, as
his attending physicians. DR., }. Rineharl aud
Dr. G.. Biulie, had entertained no hope Of his
recovery. He was sick about one week with
a severe attack OF pneumonia, which developed
into typhoid pneumonia. He was an enter
pricing industrious young man, with bright
prospects before him, as he was conducting
an active business at Big Pipe Greek Mills,
better known as Wiest's. By honest dealing,
genial ard kindly disposition he won the es-
TEEN of many friends Funeral services were
held on Wednesday morning at Silver Run by
Rev. Mr.. Hartman, assisted by Rev. 6. W.
Baughman, of Uniontown. After which the
remains were inferred in the cemetery at Lit
tlestown, Pa. He was the only son OF T. NJ
West and leaves young widow and small
child. The deceased was aged p years, 4
months and days.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1900-03-17
Personal Notes.

Mrs. Martin Bitzel, of ogg's Summit, Is
spending a few days with her daughter, Mrs.
Charles Blanvelt, 1871 Hamburg street, Balti-
more, Nd.
Mrs. William B. Thomas is visiting her
daughter, Mrs. Lamme, in New York.
Geo. W. Smith, of Waynesboro, Pa, was
in Westminster this week on business.
Messrs. H. s. Roberts, Milton Sehaeffer
and George w. Albaugh were in York, Pa,
on Wednesday.
Messrs. d. N. Henniug and Chas. h. Fink
were in Annapolis this week.
Mr.. P. NJ. Hunter, of Baltimore, was in
Westminster on Thursday.
Mrs. P. c. Kennedy and children have
gone to Washington, d. c., to remain several
weeks.
Mr.. Clarence S. Seabrooke, of Baltimore,
formerly of Westminster, is sick with severe
attack of bronchitis.
Miss Lou Easton, Of Westminster, who has
been absent for several weeks, has returned
home.
Mrs. DIR. James 81. Frazer. Of Baltimore,
visited relatives here this week.
The Democratic advocate. [volume] (Westminster, Md.) 1865-1972, 1900-03-17
New Advertisements.

Administrators Sale Of Valuable Personal
Property-Mary A. Blizzard, Joel Blizzard
and George r. Sauble, Administrators.
Trustees Sale of Valuable Real Estate
Francis Neal Parke and Ira 4. Davis, Trus-
tees.
New Goods At Old Prices-New York Bar
gain House, Westminster, Nd.
Public Sale of Horses and Mules-F. 7.
Goodwin, Reisterstown, Nd.
Spring Millinery Display-Mrs. +. Taylor,
Westminster, Md.
List Of Unclaimed Matter in the Posioiiice,
Westminster, Nd.
Election of Directors-Chas. H. Wander
ford. Secretary.
Election Notice.. Z. Bankeri, Secretary
aud Treasurer.
l. A. Halter, Practical Macbinisl, West.
minister, Nd.
Building Lots For Saie-Reubeu F Henry,
Gosnell, Nd.
Model Store News-wm. f. Derr. West
minister, Nd.
Royal Blue l9,s7s-D. II. Rice. owner,
Towson. Nd
Cows wanted-F. p. Goodwin, Reisters-
town. Md.
Load of Horses-Harry G. Sehriver, Han
over, Pa.
$40 Reward Hannah Dougheriy, Sykes,
vile, Nd.
Keefer's Cash Grocery Specials. westmin.
ster. Md.
Public Sale Of Jersey CAitle--George II.
Volt
A Graphophone and Musical Entertainment
For Rent-E q. Grimes. Westminster, Nd
Boad Sale--W. H. Marshall. Mayor.
Legal Notices.