Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-12-29


ful screw driven steamer Ia operation
IN 1906 Fulton built his Clermont, which
In 1907 made rs successful trip from
New York TO Albany at a speed Of iiy,
| miles per hour.
ocean navigation by steam virtually
began with Stevens trip TO the Della
ware river IN 1905 but the first steamer
TO cross the ocean was the Savannah
which sailed from Savannah 20 Russia
via England. In 1873 In 1926 a steamer
went from England TO Calcutta, and In
1898 the Sirius and Great Western left
Cork and Bristol, respectively, for New
York, which the latter reached In 1,
days. Two years later the first liner
] was started by the Cunards. and in lSil
the first transatlantic screw steamer
the Massachusetts,, was taken across by
Captain r. F. Forbes, who then was on
his way to introduce steam vessels into
Chinese waters.
A search for the first railroad might
take us back almost 70 prehistoric
times, but the first steam railway was
| opened In England, 1926, though Ste
! phenson had a locomotive running In
1874 and in 1929 one that attained a
speed Of IS miles an hour. The first
steam railroad in this country was the
Baltimore and Ohio IL miles long. OPEN
ed 1880 the year in which the late Peter
Cooper built his locomotive which at
tanned the speed Of Is miles an hour.
and was not only the first one built this
side OF the Atlantic but the first to
draw passengers in America.
From these small beginnings has de-
veloped the vast railway system Of the
United States. with It's million miled
roadbeds and billions Of capital. when
Colonel John Stevens Of Hoboken went
before the legislature Of his state to adj
vocate the building Of railways IN 1872
he was laughed al because he predict
ed that an engine could attain 20 a
speed Of 40 or 90 miles an hour. and
said, Il can see nothing TO hinder a
steam carriage from moving on these
ways (rails) with a velocity Of 100 miles
an hour"
The history Of the bicycle and the au-
tomobile Is exactly similar. But II prog
ress I'm terrestrial transport by steam
has been slow, what shall we say OF
aerial transport or navigation OF the at
mosphere? Aeronautics as science
was studied faithfully centuries ago,
and It's mythlc chronicles take us back
TO the times OF the ancient Greek leg
ends, while It is a tradition that Dante
once rose and hoated by means Of artl-
hcial wings II was the discovery OF
the properties Of hydrogen gas in 1865
mat boosted aerostatics into q practical
plane and made possible the suspension
Of a balloon In air. The first ascension
Of the Montgoihers In 1888 was by hot
air balloon to a height Of 300 feet. but
the same year a balloon inflated with
hydrogen gas went up about 5000 feet
and remained 0loft nearly an hour.
These balloons were captive. and the
first ascent by a human being was oct.
10, 1888. the first free ascent with hui
man freight being on Nov. 2, same year.
I'm a hot air balloon which sailed over
Paris and made a landing safely
The following year there were 81 as
cents, and IN l1S5 the English channel
was crossed, one OF the passengers be-
ing an American, Dr. John Jcnrles OF
Boston. u has been amply demonstrat-
ed that one may 20 az high IN q balloon
as the rarefaction Of the afr viii permit
and also remain suspended for q long
period, but we are obliged % confess
that after more than q century OF eX-
Fermentation man has not yetpcriected
the d.rigble machine that win enable
him to navigate the upper atmosphere
as readily as he now moves about on
land and water Aerial f0tation is an
accomplished fact, has been for many
years. and the next great triumph OF
mind over matter win be when dirIgi-
hi.iiy is secured TO this end many
great minds have been working for the
past ten years and more. Professor
langley IN the United States has his
'aerojrome,' Maxim IN England his
acceptance but the greater success OF
Santos Dumont IN France and Count
Zeppelin IN Germany with their ball
looms OF the airship type would seem to
show that the two first named are
working in the wrong direction. Du-
mont has sailed around the Elhel tower
and over Paris at will. while Zeppelin
has made successful ascents from Lake
Constance and returned without accl-
dent 10 Is interesting 10 note that
while balloon voyaging preceded travel
by both steam and electricity. yet IN
The end these last win be important
factors in solving the vexed problem OF
how 90 navigate the air without danger
t0 the uaElg5t1rs.
Doubtless mans greatest achieve
mnHts have been IN the domain OF phys.
les and within lts scope we may reckon
photography which so FAR as can be
ascertaned, pertains wholly to this
century. Il was about 70 years ago
that Daguerre was experimenting. but
in 1885 Professor j. W. Draper Of the
University OF New York published pa
peers on photography and seemed on the
hghroad 10 success when the French
man finally succeeded IN fixing the fu-