The sun., 1900-08-12
VIII.

VIC bhoue anu Vic Nniucbe Empire eDtAret
on what was. perhaps. on the whole. the mos,
prosperous period Il has ever enjoyed. Tbs
Manchu Government set itself to restore we'll.
being TO q country distracted by long years os
anarchy. and the revival brought about was
upon the whole. moro permanent in its effects
than any previous one had been. The Hanlln
College was reorganized and put into thor.
ouRhly efficient condition. Eunuchs were abol.
ished. though. unfortunately. only for A tim.
To keep the central administration as far a,
possible In touch with all the provinces. an
excellent post system was instituted relay.
Of ponies being kept at convenient distance.
along the Imperial highways; It does not an.
pear. however. that for wheeled tra,,,c n,
roads were made so good "a they had been /,
the prosperous days OF the Ming dynasty
Something Of the civilization Of Europe was
learned from the Jesuits, who. In the reign OF
kanghi. received court support, though thers
was always strong party opposed to them,
During the long wars they had cast cannon
both for Chinese and Manchus which had ott.n
decided the day. Under their direction the
= observatory on the city walls at Pekin wa,
restored and provided with European instru.
ments. II was during the reign OF the En-.
peror kanghi that by the Treaty Of Merit
chinsk, signed In 1889. the Russians were COM
PEELED to surrender all claim to Manchuris.
q rebuff from which they did not recover 4,
this quarter for nearly two hundred years
We should here note in connection with the
cannon furnished by the Jesuits that. from t.
very early date the Chinese could cast cannon
for themselves and many Of their ancient iron
guns remain to this day on city walls. but thav
were more useful for firing salutes than for
damaging the enemy. besides, being, on thu
whole. more dangerous to the persons who fired
them than to those at whom they we're fired
The death Of Kanghi In 1872 changed tho
policy Of the Pekin Government, which had
been an aggressive one. for his successor
Yung Ching insisted upon peace. and With
drew all his armies from Central Asia. leaving
the different tribes to fight II out among Them
selves. The Middle Kingdom continued to
enjoy considerable prosperity under the new
Emperor. Every care was taken TO improve
the social condition NJ the people and relief
was granted by the Government TO the aged
and infrm. Thus we see that even for Mr.
Chamberlain's Old Age Pension project there
can be found precedent In China Ths
Jesuits, who were continually interfering IN
the politics OF the country. were suppressed
las they were TO be in western Europe some
forty years later. and their converts were
prosecuted. Embassies from the Pope and
the Portuguese were well received, hut neither
OF them got anything but polteness The
rapid increase Of the population. due TO peacs
and comparative well being began at thi,
time and, as II was considered an evil being
likely to lead TO famine, special privileges
were granted to bachelors and widows who
refused to change their station II Il on Ar
count OF the misQiyinQs with which An In
crease Of population IA regarded by the Chinese
that their statistics are held Trustworthy
After a reign OF dozen years which had bean
fairly peaceful Yung Ching died and va,
succeeded by his eldest son. ChienIunR fKeon-
hing). by whom the empire was raised 70 thu
highest pitch OF greatness. The new monarch
had been q scholar and A reclyse taking Uttle
part IN publlc affairs hut on mounting N.
tbrone he gave hi. whole attention n IN.
government Of the emnirc H,s ,stb.r..
no,Icv IN home matter, and IN Tho tyeatmsnt
~ the Cbristians va. continued hrt ,or ,o,.
elm anairs Cb,enhng d.cided IN an ,n,n.r,.,
nol,cv and tool r,..sur.. % r..,o,. Ch,n...
nrestig. IN Central sia Ths ,..,,, 20. ~.
rsoov.,v -, K..hn., V.-t.n, .na n,
rev th,n1s In ~. xhoI. .o,,-.. =, h,-.
ara mora rem.rLahI. than N. nav In -h,os
tho d.oo ,,no .r,n,r. ~ Ch,,. ~. - t..
the t,ra q, Fr,rnror T,h,.,,,,,. I,,,,h ~.
cent,on NJ the hr,e, ,sriod vhsr v.orh ~.
n a.serted ,rdon.nd.,oa, r,.,r,.,n.d a..
thor,tv over tbe turhu,.nt ,rh.h,..n.. -.
Eas,ern Turke.,an Tihst .,.o .hnn. ,,,o
,r.. ,,.da snhord,n.,. 20 rh,n. - AZ,
fair. q, the sar,e country .hor, ,or+r 80.
la,sr cau.sd Ch;snlu,o,. orv,,os 20 -: ~.
Hiu,alavas and N nene,rata v,ctor,or.Iv INT.
INDIA "a xt,hl, An, mia. q, C.,ou,,. u..,,
N.n., wh,oh r,.. th.n 80. .,.,.,,ar,..s go.
r,mains 40 untl This dav Ch.n,nn. %.
great bu,lder. among many oth.r vo,k. =.
prected the Hail Of the Classic. .d,o,n,rs
tbe Confuc.n Temp,s AZ palm IN ths anti,
rlo,st.r. Of which are . ..r,s. ~ .,on. ,.h,.,.
,ontaIninp the standard t.Yt. a, th. Ch,n...
,Iassic.. The elaboratelv carv.d .t,uctur..
II white marble which ba added N two pud-
ihist TEMPLES are among the most ,n,.r.st,n.
architectural features IN tho n.iohhorboo6
II Pekin. On the whole China vas vary nro.-
,erous under his able Administration hut
isns of decay could already bs detected Thu
MEDALS were almost universally disbon.s,
,ilferinR the public MONEYS Whenever thsv
rot a chance 10 do 40. the naomi. war. ofta,
oppressed and they never forgot that thev
yere ruled BY foreigner and a Manchu. on
III races the Chinese care least about foreian
,onouest; the magnificent achievement. ~
lis armies. which would have won popular,tv
mong any other people, do not seem to have