davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01
'NOw Is Your Chance To
Emigrate, and Not to
Africa"

The above is the heading of an ad
vertisement which appeared in the
September number of The VOICE on
MISSIONS, from which copy the fol.
lowing:
1.-THE Planters Association OF Hawaii Il
in correspondence with the Southern Pa
ciflc company with view to securing. be-
tween fifteen and twenty thousand eoIored
laborers. Mr.. W. R. Pagan, travelling pas
senger agent, with headquarters at No. 10
Kimball House, Is in receipt of correspond
ence from the San Francisco Office, request
ing him to Investigate, and would be glad
to hear from coIored people who desire to
go to Hawaii.
"Write to w. r. Pagan, 10 KimbalI House,
Atlanta, Ca
Undoubtedly the editor permits
this advertisement to be inserted in
mis- paper without understanding its
true nature, We cannot wonder that
he prefers almost any country to one
where mob law rules, where American
citizens are publicly burned at the
stake and iRnocent men are liable at
any moment to be tortured and killed.
If one thinks for moment of taking
advantage of the offer and emigrating
to this "healthy, pleasant and fertile
region" let him read the following
extracts from letter which appeared
in The Galveston, Texas, News. 1t was
written August %, 1897, by The News
special correspondent in Hawaii, Alvin
r. Hawkins, who died Immediately
after. Let every "colored laborer"
who reads it regard it as a warning
from the grave:
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01
A LETTER FROM REV. SlNAMELA. Pc
hROONSTADT. fIth Nov 1900

KRooNsTADT, 9th Nov. 1899.
MS o2ACE H. NJ. TURNER, d. D.. d
y. Il, BIsHoP A. NJ. E. CHURCH,
ATLAE1', GA, U. S. AMERICA:
hLv' AltER IN GoD-Having this
lnoerty OF acHnainting you with cir
cumstances co'cerning our church
work mas grow enormously in Tho
Free States and is I,owinn - :l :ne
for the future, both IN scbaof", pISpellsy ei
meetings and prayer reetin~s 'vTs vs.
nave the whole weeks work in Tho
church: Mondays, womC,a @ - 'ne
meetings; Tuesdays, on tris cIas.pa. &
Wednesdays, on full members ,i"@SoS, aSoS,
wednesday night, for men and Snroh
choir practice. 1 should have W.T.
to your honor before this, but owen
to the war now raging in South Afric1
L 1alled, having now found an oppor.
turnity OF sending you this letter.
Special Joined Conference. where
we did not go, of both Transvaal An.
nual Conference and South African
Conference, held at Queenstown, pre-
sided over by Rev. J. NJ. Dwane. Mis-
slonary Bishop. We did not attend
tnet eyt conference, during which time
Aantsl W1reu W me ino1ftrtn g..
Wnere Brother Xaba was and that RoT
=. M Dwane has given our cbnrcb a
la1al blow, most enormously renre
Sented' which telegram I accomnanr
or lnclose in this letter.
letter from Rev. Xaba infor:
me t9at Rev. j. M. Dwane has ree
signed our church, also Reys. Knmaio
~: Ngcayiya and few others: 9" =
'ils De true our church stands a 49,
o. cnInce. We also said we did not want
W oe mixed with the Colonial KafGr
nor their manners and habits "ir
They don't trouble for br;Id;
churches, simply troubling otbsr ns ~;
listers IN wanting them to be movad
from their circuits. So now So
what that respectable man and 60,
christian, Mr.. F. Cow said, that tbo
church, In the whole, required hottau
representation. He and 1 agree
now L must say this, want vonr
1onor to send me my Presiding FL
ler's certificate, which V. B. did NOT
slVe' nor do l hope of ever GETTING Il
man. - am required to have nv dozen. |
nents with me whilst TRAVELLING An
.nn,l, mrs. Amelia E. Bary says men ara
servants women Rs household |
~
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01

over the Atlanta district, which posi-
ton he now fills. The trustee board
of Morris Brown College conferred
the honorary degree of Doctor OF
Divinity upon Rev. Mr.. Bradwell
May of 1895. He is life trustee of
the same institution, a member of the
financial board of the A. M. E.
Church. During Bishop Turner's
last visit to Africa Mr.. Bradwell was
appointed arch-eIder of Georgia to
look after the interest of the church
in this state. DIR. Bradwell is a
member of some of the most important
committees and conventions In the
state. He was president of the
Atlanta ministers meeting during the
year '99. He has been one of the
most prominent characters in this Sec
tion of the church during Bishop Tur-
ner's administration. DR.. Bradwell is
rightly regarded as one of the fathers
of the church, since he has been one
of her chief promoters in the south.
His very modest and unassuming man
ner and the dignified and reserved
manner in which he carries himself,
say his friends, have prevented him
from entering the scramble which ap-
pears to be necessary in promoting men
to higher offices. We predict for him,
should Providence not decree other
wise, promotion at the next General
Conference, May 1900, Columbus,
Ohio. We have given this resume of
his church work that his worth may
stand sout in bold relief. Whatever
may be said of this Christian gentle
man, he has the confidence of his
brethren. Cato"
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01
THE TEN.MILE PETITION TO CONGRESS-
FOR SlOO.OOO.9OO.
'etition to the United States con.

petition to the United States con
asking for a hundred million
collars to aid those in leaving the
country who have any braips or man.
phood, is now being signed Sup. Our
object is to have enough to 81 In differ
! ent sheets of paper, so that when they
are pasted together the scroll'will be
ten miles long.
The convention in Birmingham,
Ala, August the I'd, elected us Presi-
dent of the movement, but neglected
to provide secretary, but afterwards
directed us to appoint one. Rev. J. S.
Flipper, d. D., cheerfully accepts the
position OF Secretary, and we have
gladly appointed him. as he is a man
OF business methods and punctual al
most to fault. Therefore, in all sec
tions of the country, persons who NAV
NIL out sheets of paper with list of
names will mail them to Rev. J. s.
Iblipper, d. p, Atlanta, Ga. Street
|end number mot being necessary, as
Is yell KIN pwn. Let all who favor
movement t'sinply sign their names
sheets of foolscap paper, by writ
their names and residence on ev-
line, and when the paper is filled
eaving a margin at the top to
er papers to, forward the
diEescted above.
1 H.sM. TURNER. President. !,
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01
WORDS OF WISDOM.

| Every rightful occupation has #,
| just compensation to the industriop,
worker in the shape of well.esrped
money; it has also its own peCulia,
service of welfare to the community
but beyond both these it ezerts re-.
active influence for good upon the life
and character of every faithful toiler
It has the power of developing every
faculty of the mind, every fine moral
quality.
The basest thought possible con.
corning man is that he has no spiritual
nature; and the most foolish under.
standing of him possible is that be
has or should have no animal nature
For his nature is nobly animal, noby
spiritual-coherently and ireTocably
so; neither part of it may, except at
his peril, expel, despise or defy the
other.
No true artist ever yet worked for
ambition. He does the thing which
is IN him to do by force far stronger
than himself. The first fruits Of q
mans genius are always pure Of
greed.
Be not diverted from duty by any
idle reflections the silly world may
make on you; for their censures are
not in your power and consequently
should be no part of your concern.
Talk about looking for Opportuni-
ties of doing good" We may as we'll
walk about looking for freVoodn a
forest or water during a flood The
world is full of such opportunities.
The mind requires not, like an
earthen vessel, to be kept full; con-
venient food and aliment only will in.
flame it with a desire of knowledge
and an ardent love of truth.
No human life would be pOssibleil
there were not forces in and around
man perpetually tending to repair The
wounds and breaches that he himself
makes.
A happy marriage depends n79z
more on good, loving, patient q
acter, than all the circumstance y
time, place and money combined
Think of the ills from which you
are exempt, and it will aid yOuto
bear patiently those which you ma!
now suffer.
Be content with doing with calnne''
'he little which depends upon your,
self, and let all else be to you slfN
we're not.
Life without liberty is joylesS; Du'
ife without Joy may be great 4ls
greatness of life is sacrifice.
The rage after desires unattaina0ls
s increased by the difficulty.
Judgment and decision are mans
,reat wheels OF fortune.
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01
uskegee Notes.

Among Tuskegee's visiting friend.
this week were DR.. J. l.. M. Curry
secretary of the John F. Slater fund
and member of the board of trustees.
Mr.. VIM. Fl. Baldwin, Jr., president
OF the Long Island Railway; DIR. IF
B. Frisell, principal of the HAMPTON
Institute; Mr.. Robert G. Ogden, mem
Der of the firm of John Wauamaker
New York, and president of the Hamn,
ton board of trustees, and many 9th
ers. They were present at the formal
opening OF the Slater-Armstrong Mem
orial trades building, which took place
on Wednesday, Jan. 10th. All snoko
In very warm terms of the school
The first meeting of the year of tba
board OF trustees, was held here nm
Jan. 10th and 11th. With one or two
exceptions there was a full board and
the meeting was entirely satisfactorv
AT the dedication of the trad..
building, which took place on Wed'
nesday of this weet<~ of tha H. nuu ..a
tees informed " uS
[bors.nA wiyen five
frAwork
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01
NEGROES IN HAWAII.

THE CONTRACTS EQUIVALENT TO SLAVERY
"The handful of rich whites, backed by
the American minister, is the government
The Hawaiians, with all the facts on theil
side, assert that the government was torn
from them by the action of Minister Stevens.
| The movement that eliminated through the
| treachery of the American minister in the
| independence Of the government was not to
| change the form OF government from a
kingdom to a republic, but to deprive the
natives of their lands without compensa-
ton. This is history, disguise 1t as we may.
1.-The papers here have devoted column
after column to the Negro question, and
have filled their sheets daily with interviews
as to the advisability Of replacing Chinese
and Japanese contract laborers with Negroes
from the south. The burden of their cry is
that the Negro is an ideal race to perform
contract labor, and candidly say that his
schooling as a southern slave pre-eminently
fits him for the life here; that he only knows
how to work from sunup to sundown, . and
so could do the work of three Celestials and.
they are satisfied with corn bread and ba-
con, so they would be inexpensive to keep
This has continued from day to day until
the people have become enthused upon the
subject and contracts have been made for
their Importation. Their plan is to get into
the thick belts of the southern states and
make contracts with families. But what
does the singing of one of these contracts
mean1 case has been adjudicated by the
hawaiian supreme court bearing on the
question of volunteer slavery The board
)f immigration of the Hawaiian Island had
employment to laborer of a for
ign country, and after his landing assigned |
i'm to corporation. The laborer had |
worked for the corporation some two years |
nd then appealed to the supreme court on |
he grounds that he was unwilling to work
or the corporation and that his slavery and
voluntary servitude are forbidden bv the
-
Then follows description of the
ase from which we learn that the la
orer's appeal was in vain and this un-
victim of mans avarice was
ompelled to remain in slavery.
The correspondent of The News
dds:
80 1t might as well be understood by Ne
roes desirous Of coming here under con-
act that all the police power of the Hawai-
N government can and will be employed,
necessary, to carry out the bond. Slavery
listed In the south for life, but slavery ex-
Is here for term of years under the ap-
citation OF contract labor. In the south
q master owned his slaves for life and
erefore it was to his advantage to treat
EN- well; but here owning them for but
term OF years, that might not be expected. !
remarkable feature of this slay-
is that nearly all the Americans here are
'm north of Mason and Dixon's line. :
CLARIssA OLDs-KEELER. q
z Tenth ST., S. E.. Washington, d. G.. q
September 8, 1699 q
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01
ECE OF MISSIONS
5lished bv The M,.,;or.rv y.

Diished by the Missionary De
Rtnent Of the African Methodist
piscoPal Church, and is issued
Ionthiy and semi-monthly at Atlanta.
eorgia' United States of America.
roe oniy oOc. . year; single copies
" Will contain Home and Foreign
'psicnsry news, and the progress be-
4aoe By the African races and
descendents throughout the
ops, Presiding Elders, Pastors
cnes and their wives are agents
Ice.
ess, VoIoE OF MISSIONS, Attain
or Bishop II. M. Turner, At
a. no street or number being
y. The VOICE OF MISSIONS
he'd circulation in America,
'outh America and West In
leaves it without q rival.
T advertising medium in foreign
rs 1t has no equal.
issue will be worth its yearly
Should subscribers not be
= stly and fairly, write to the
n. M. TURNER,
Editor and Publisher.
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01
One Of the Best Colleges in Georgia.

The Georgia State Industrial Col.
lege has just closed one of the most
successful years work in its history.
1t has now sixteen 16) teachers and
is prepared to give any one of eight
different trades to boys, besides a
thorough business course in bookkeep-
ing, typewriting and stenography. II
has also two industrial courses for
girls; plain and fancy sewing, and
cooking. Girls will also be permitted
to take bookkeeping, typewriting and
stenography. The literary courses,
normal and collegiate, are open to all
students. Board will be only S5 per
month. Tuition is free to all. There is
now no place in the state where so much
in the line of industrial and higher edu-
cation can be obtained at SO small
price. 1t is admitted on all sides that
the training given at the Georgia
State Industrial College is equal to
that given by any other institution in
the state. School opens October 4sh.
vi who wish to enter are advised .
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01
Variety Is the Salt of Nature.

The presentation of autograph cop
les OF The Battle Hymn of the Re
public" and America, which Presi
dent Thirkield had secured from th,
Futhors, Mrs. Julia Ward Howe anG
x. s. F. Smith, was a notable feature
he formal opening day on Novem
18th, at Cannon Theological Sem.
Ia -na These, handsomely framed.
VI Autographs of the authors, form
l EH.uaDIe editions to the library. which
naS "iSo ." original poem by Whittier
Sto tu al "uTTEeaph T by Harriet Beecher
~ of Dr % PPaaHrge and valuable libra
ny,oaa y oa u RAE has recently been
placed in librAy alcove. ~
Much enthusialo was n,on;eou.o5:
the formal presenkion Of q nortra;t r ~ u
of Bishop HartzeIl, n hoho1e pof'taiI t 1I
Stewart Missionary Eo"nJat; % u Tue
Africa AT by DIR, Bowen.the.secratorrUUf rUf
The seminary is bound l. Close t;as j.
the Bishops work, as thre of its aroJ n
yates have been called " b;na G for su
leadership in the educations and ~
liglous work in Liberia. anu ie
The seminary opened the fit weel
IN October with thoughtful s5rosa n
by DIR. j. w. E. Bowen. There oSS
increase in advanced students and.S an
largest class in the history of e t
scnooi will graduate next May. Th
formal opening day address was de-
- ll'eLed ere by the Rev. Elijah H. Oliver
oi tne class of '95. He has a fresh and
treatment of the theme ssTba
So So "Inlster, His Problems" His
b;rh tJnS plea for larger intelligence and
ta9narou moral life IN the ministry and for
baar,u "uce reform, were received with
and ~ IPpiause. President Meldgn
ty Sso.a. aI.rogman, If Clark Uniyersi-
Eeys' SSvaIis'ary Sai..y IrvinAC. Penn. and thA
sd aston, Rpsh - Sgs,,s@.', ;li.sr :.
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01
As General Conference Delegates Are
Elected, Some One Report Their
Names and Addresses To
The Voice Of Missions.

The following are delegates nov
elected:
PHILADELPHIA CONFERENCE.
Rev. L. J. Coppin, DID,, 754 8. 12tt
street, Philadelphia, Pa.
Rev. N. D. Temple, DID,, 631 Pine
street, Philadelphia. Pa.
Rev. o. d. Robinson, P. E., Whining.
ton, Del.
Rev. j. P. Sampson, D. D., 1888 8.
Carlisle street, Philadelphia, Pa.
Rev. d. P. Roberts, d. D., 653 N,
10Th street, Philadelphia, Pa.
BALTIMORE CONFERENCE.
Rev. John Hurst, DID,, ia E. Cen.
ter street, Baltimore, Md.
Rev. j. II. Collett, P. E., 1865 Cal
houn street, Baltimore, Nd.
Rev, d. G.. Hill, Petersville, Nd.
Rev. G. W. Nicholson, B. D., a31
W. Henrietta street, Baltimore. Md
Rev. j. A. Johnson. DID,, 1444 O
street, Washington, d. G.
NEW YORK CONFERENCE.
heV. w. IL. COOK, DID,, Bethel
Church, W. Twenty-fifth street, New
York City.
Rev. John NJ. Henderson, ID,
323 Jamaica avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y
VIRGINIA CONFERENCE.
Rev. A. L. Gaines, d. D., Por
mouth, Va.
Rev. D. J. Seaton, D. D., Norfolk.
Va.
Rev e. H. Bolden, A. NJ, Ports
mouth, Va.
Rev. John E. Cook, Hampton, Va.
Rev. j. l.. Butts, Berkley, Va.
NEW ENGLAND CONFERENCE.
Rev. W. II. Thomas, D. D., Charles
Street A. NJ. E. church, Boston, Mass
Rev. Daniel NJ. Brown, Newport,
r. I.
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01
EDIToRG.
Ak TURNER, LID. DOL

AZ TURNER, LID. D. OIL.
|3. PARKS, B. d.
AssopIATE EDITORS.
A. Grant, D. D.
1P J. A. HANDY, D. D.
B1sHop D. W. AsNErr, D. D., L. L. D.
BISHOP W. B. DERRIoK, D. D.
Rev. J. s. FL1pPER, D. D.
Rev. W. Fl. THOMAS, D. D.
Rev. G.. E. TAYLOR. D. D.
Rev. W. D. CHAPPErnE, d. D.
Rev. EVANS TYREE, M. D.
Rev. r. L. BEAL, ANN.
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01
G. r. King, M. D., Specialist.

Will cure all female complaints.
VIII cure all piles or hemorrhoids.
Will cure all lost vital energy in
men.
Will cure all rheumatism.
Will cure all catarrh.
win cure all neuralgiao.
Will cure all headaches.
VIII cure all dyspepsia.
Will cure all constipation.
Will cure all liver, kidney and blad-
der troubles.
Patients successfully treated by
mail in every part of the United
States.
Write for terms and particulars, en-
closing self-directed, stamped en-
Velope. Address, DIR. G. r. KING,
253 E. Hunter street, Atlanta, Ga.
L refer by permission to Bishop II.
NJ. Turner. If
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01
OUR VANISH
The Greatest Staple In O|
ket Seems Destined =,

Il NM
ket Seems Destined
| Minnesota is our las.
of white pine lumber, ana
will be exhausted within ~
years if the present rate ~ w
ton continues. The os., eOs
in our lumber market Sea-. ssst
to disappear. Maine, onss ' ae;tt
pine State, ceased long ~. ~ Ns VI
source of supply. Tbs 70 %
pineries were nearly esb,,a'I acsis
years ago, and the lumbe~
consin say they expec. to a ast ot
white pine in that State m. wv tlsl
the Chippewa River. 'lats
The disappearance Of :.
industry will be a natoO,i g
tune. Only a few year, Nld
were eighty large saw.miIl' go ID
du Lac, Eau Claire and M n 70
Wisconsin towns, but now ~aIstSd an
disappeared, and the =" nv, al hs
worked in connection with u
had to change their busino.u u'l Aa
employment in other lunE.. %A
More than $4,000 men a.. 'egcd
white pine in Minnesota Hi. v cG't
and their wages amount to no. slats
$3.50, 900 month. AbOut 90 oUre "t, tA
are employed in the s,vr.v ,UvVH
Minneapolis, and over a Ooo ll'
the State make their livins w, men
lumber industry. They IpOr 0r'% .p
a few years more they must sns 'uat t
work, and many talk alresav4 w =. OIa
lowing their present emplor:,,U =. 10
Pacific coast, where some Of IN tS.c 10
acquiring large interests in tba lem lem
lands of Washington, Orsg0u 0 UNI
California. Thus an army 'u :. aa
men will have crossed The cor.. " az
laying low the greatest pineris. IG :. n
country. " VI
Thus far it has not paid D.;
coast lumbermen to send mr% I'iu
their product East, so their u en-,
has been sent to foreign markets E,u pl
when we begin to draw mora Ia,-' ~
upon the Southern pines and Nor.Ess
spruce and hemlock it will csrta;aI
be profitable to send Pacific InmL.
to the Eastern markets.
There is for us no seriouS rro,.
of a lumber famine. Tbe Ti THEo
States will continue to beat tba VOL I
in the variety, excellence and sbn"
dance of its timber available for 'ar
ing. But we shall use a good ds,I y,
soft lumber not so desirable Al Wb;,a
pine.
This country should begin in earus,.
The study of methods of husbondina
and cultivating our timber, 50 that va
may always have an abundance
Lumber is wealth and it is comfort
New York Sun.
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01
,iQ>kR1 EASTER DAY.

next issue much will be said
ssionary Easter Day. Our
demands are simply fright
bit of territory that we
Jesus and His church
eh field for those who are
Aus, and will be a crown
tbof those who are to be
otoming ages. Let the
a. sAs church not forget
bIr1 tL~ sS1oHHTy y
yong and let them
p oa IN. E. Church is
coming day.
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01
Allen Temple Burned.

CINCINNATI, O., Jan. 18th, 1900.
BISHOP Fl. M. TURNER:
My Dear Bishop-We were panied
to learn of your illness, aud pray for
your speedy recovery. At this time
more than ever before we need your
courage, counsel and help. 1 pray
God you may be spared to pilot us
through the "meshes," at least, of the
next General Conference. For, to tell
the truth, [ tremble for our church
when L note the unexampled scramble
of unholy and ambitious men for place
and power. Bishop, there has never
been anything like it. Some of nv
friends have fallen out with me be-
cause I would not join in the "raid"
upon the Annual Conferences and
"log-roll' the delegates. No, I will
take my chances, stay at home and
pastor my church. Ny brethren know
of my long years of service, and if
God wants me, He knows where I am.
So long as 1 am true to nv calling
God will give me something to do
and l shall be content. Pardon me.
did not start out to say anything of
myself. Wife wanted that I should
send you S. on account, and ask that
you send only 20 copies of The VOICE
till further orders. I suppose you
have heard that the "Temple" is
burned. We shall repair. at once
Covered by insurance.
Obediently yours,
j. NJ. TOWNSEND.
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01
Our First FoIding-Bed

"No invention of modern times 81
filed the proverbial long-felt want q
did the folding bed" These were
the words of Robert G. Gill, the hesa
of the model rooms in the Patent VI.
fice-a genius who carries in bis neaO
the most minute details OF all the se'.
eral hundred thousand models InA'
are intrusted to his care. ~
The particular model to when Hs
referred was the crudest form Oh
collapsible bedstead ever deVlSeu'
But the crude bed, cut in section.
and hinged SO that it might fold inS m
convenient form, contained the geln
of an idea, and to that we owe ln'
useful and handsome cabinet folding
bed of to-day. ii
The inventor of the foldlng-Osu
was one James A. Johnston, a "es''
erner, to whom letters patent nC'
1921 were granted on May Il, 100
No provision was made IN the DE-
for the storing OF the mattress p,.l
lows and bedclothes, as IS common
the folding-bed of to-day.
Also unlike the modern contrlVanf
which when folded resembles a
reau, chiffonier, or other similar p1
of furniture, the folding-bed pate
by Johnston made no pretens
looking like anything other ths h
what it was.
company manufactured ths J,
ton patent, and it had quits
in its day. Little by little n,
ments were made on tne No
within the past score q ~ ~
piece of furniture we knoV ~
evolved. and there are O',
dreds of varieties Of thec F'sl
Post. SpaV
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01
A Letter From Rev. MokOne.
3 ASHLEY STREET, CAPE TowN
SoUTH AFRIcA Doo ( 70,

SOUTH AFRICA, Dec. 5, 1899.
DEAR VOICE OF MISSIONS:
L have the honor of informing Won
Lat the Hon. @. A. Rideout arrived
nefe with his wife and daughter. Thev
seem very, very happy to, be in their
dorefathers' I land. Last Sunday, the
% OF December, was their firsf linz
70 near an African preacher in the Az
rlcan language and they seemed to
ENJOY 1T very much. Judge Ridaopt
: - sns -! proper nan i ths proper place
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01

- onBYNUM is transferred
Atsdeorgia Conference to
r1dau lie aud he will be Pre-.
W o'e the Grand Bassa dis
Voice of missions., 1900-02-01

rost notable changes
,ohool system is the
compulsory educa.
Q Of the forty-five
cted laws for compul-
ttendance and such
probably be adopted
the either states.