davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1900-05-23
Meeting of Scotia Club.

A quarterly meeting of the Scotia Club
was held at the Academy Monday even
ing of this week. The principal literary
feature of the meeting was the the read
ing of "The Doctors Last Journey"
from Beside the Bonnie Brier Bush, by
Mrs James c. Mcdonald. Mrs. McDon-
aid is a native of Scotland and an ex-
celent reader of the Scotch dialect and
her rendering of the pathetic story of DR..
McClure's death was greatly enjoyed by
those present. The president, Rev, Ed
ward 7. Fairbanks, gave short talk on
matters of interest to the club. Several
applicants were elected to membership at
this time. The next meeting will be held
in August at the class room Of the
Museum,
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1900-05-23
Salvation Army Address.

Lieut.-Col. Margett, terlitorials secre-
tary OF the Salvation Army, will visit st.
Johnsbury and conduct public meeting
on Friday evening, May %, in their hall
on Eastern avenue The colonel has
been an officer of the Salvation Army for
over seventeen years, and has held posi-
tions of high responsibility for the last
thirteen years. He became territorial
secretary in 1897 and since that time
has personally inspected, on behalf of
Field Commissioner Miss Booth, the
working of the army from Newfoundland
to Vancouver. He is well worth hearing.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1900-05-23
Cemetery Association.

At the adjourned annual meeting of
the Cemetery Association last week
Tuesday evening the treasurer's report
showed the society in prosperous con-
dition, with $4,000 in the general fund
and $500 in the permanent fund. The
association has no debts. At this meet
ing new set OF bylaws was adopted and
the following officers elected:
Pres, Edward T. Fairbanks.
Vice. Pres, Emerson Hall.
Sec. and Treas, Harry M. Nelson.
Trustees, Henry Fairbanks, Chairman,
Jonathan Ross, N. P. Bowman, Edward
T. Fairbanks, 7. {. Fletcher, L. B. Hart.
shorn, Harvlin Paddock.
Finance COM, E. T. Ide, L. B. Harts-
horn, Cyrus Sargent.
Auditors, Arthur F. Stone, G. H. Tap
lin, George Ranney.
There was a good attendance and
several new members received. Any per.
son owning lot in Mt. Pleasant GENE.
terry is entitled to membership in this
association.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1900-05-23
MEMORIAL DAY.
Programme of Exercise. Of the Da,


A Union service OF all the churches will
be held at Music Hall Sunday evening.
May 27, the sermon TO be delivered by
Rev. |. P. Quimby. The Post will meet
at c. A. r. Hall at p. m, to attend the
service and it is expected that the We.
mans Relief Corps will also meet there
and march to the hall with the C. A.R..
where both bodies will be seated together
as usual.
On Memorial Day, the parade will form
at the south end of Main street and will
start at 1,3O p. m.
Formation as follows:
FIRST DIVISION.
Marshall, Lieut.. Col. c NJ Bouett
Police.
St. Johnsbury Band, Geo. Felch, Leader
Aide, &. II Horton
Co. D. 1st VT. Infantry, Capt n. W, Ellis
Com'd'g
Palestine Commandery, X T, Geo T. Chen.
ey, Com'dg.
Canton Crescent l. o. o. F., Capt. J. A.
Beck, Com'dg.
Uniform Rank, X. P, Lieut.. 5. J. SOmerylle
Npul K.
SECOND DIVISION.
Aide. Fremont Ranney
ChamberIin Post No. /, G. A. c. II. Wood
bury. Commander.
Academy Students.
President of the day, Walter p. Smith.
Speaker, DR.. George Ide,
Disabled veterans in carriages.
The Column will form with the right
near the Court House, and will start at
1.30 p. m. sharp. The line of march will
be up Main and Mt. Pleasant streets to
the cemetery where the Commander Of
the Grand Army will decorate the graves
OF all old soldiers and the Grand Army
service will be given at the Grand Army
lot. After the services the procession
will return by way OF Mr.. Pleasant, Sum-
mer and Central streets to Music Hall,
where the address of the day will be
given by Comrade DR.. George lde Of
Milwaukee. All old soldiers are earnestly
requested to parade with the Post
whether members OF the 6. A. X. or not.
Soldiers OF the Spanish. American war are
requested to fall in with the Post and
join in the exercises.
Carriages will be in waiting to carry
all old soldiers to the cemetery who do
not feel able to march with the Post
Those who can do so are requested to
bring flowers to G. A. r. Hall in the
morning of Memorial Day.
The Odd Fellows are requested to meet
in their hall in season to join in the
parade.
AS usual there will be an entertainment
in the evening at Music Hall and no ad-
mission will be charged. The programme
will combine a camp fire and concert.
Dr. George H. Ide will be one of the
speakers and the musical part of the pro-
gramme will consist of selections by the
St. Johnsbury band, singing by the Mar
clan Ladies Quartette, duet by Miss
Abbott and Mrs. Peck and solos by Miss
Shutelt, Miss Somerville and Harry H.
May.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1900-05-23
rIerchants Bank Meeting.

The special meeting OF the stockholders
OF the Merchants National Bank, called
Monday to see if they would vote to re-
duce the capital of the bank from $780,
900 to $150,000, resulted in the failure
to get the necessary twothirds vote and
so the matter was dropped. 1t was nee
essary to have 1000 votes at the meet,
ing and only 1881 were cast. Of this
number 1891 favored the proposition
and only 40 votes were cast against it.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1900-05-23
Second Annual Anniversary of Co. D.

The second annual anniversary of the
mastering into the United States service
of Co. D. 1st Vt. Vols, was held at the
Armory on Wednesday evening, May
10th. But little preparation had been
made for the occasion, still good num-
Der of the boys were present and the oc-
casion was an enjoyable one. The most
important feature of the meeting was
the organization of an association for
the purpose of keeping the members in
touch with one another and keeping alive
the memories of the Chickamauga cam
paign of '98, This organization is to be
known as go. D. Association 1st Vt.
Vol Inf" The officers elected are: Presi-
dent, Capt. Henry w. Ellis; sec. and
treas, Serg't. Arthur L. Stevens; execu-
tive committee, Ned D. Ripley, B. w.
Livingston and A. r. Spencer. The Of
fcers aud committee were instructed to
prepare code OF bylaws which, to.
gether with a roster of the company
and their present residence, will be pub
lished soon.
After the business meeting Lieut.. John
A. Gum called the roll from memory and
about 35 responded. Light refreshments
were served and the remainder of the
evening was spent in rehearsing the
events OF two years ago. Stool. Chas.
M. Bonette and Lieut.. H. A. Lougee Of
Co. L, who is now a resident of this
town, were elected honorary members.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1900-05-23
Among the Fraternities.
Death of a Noted knight of Pythias.

Charles A. Lee, supreme representa-
tive of the K. of P. lodges of Rhode
Island, died suddenly of apoplexy in
Portland last Wednesday. Mr. Lee was
one of the leading journalists of Rhode
Island and the publisher of the Paw
tucket Gazette and Chronicle, one of the
best weekly papers in New England.
In 1889 he was president of the National
Editorial Association. founded the Rhode
Island Press Association and was for
three years president OF the New Eng
land Suburban Press Association. He
was one of the best known Pyth-
ians in the order and had several times
visited Apollo lodge at st. Johnsbury,
where he was always accorded a warm
reception.
Tweny-seven members of Canton Cres-
cent, Patriarchs Militant, went to
Woodsville last Friday afternoon to at
tend field day Of the cantons of that
section. Canton Crescent was in charge
of Capt. Beck and Lieut.. Fullerton.
The boys had fine time and the Woods
vile canton will return the visit by Wis
iting St. Johnsbury on Memorial day
and participating in the parade.
The Woman's Christian Temperance
Union will hold its regular monthly
meeting next Tuesday AFTERNOON at 3
o'clock. The place OF meeting will be
announced next Sunday in the different
churches.
The Lafayette Club are arranging for
a ladies night to be held in the near
future. Members of this organization
are arranging base ball team and ex-
pect to participate in several games this
season.
The department commandery of the
Patrlarchs Militant at their annual
gathering in Burlington last week elected
O. H. Henderson colonel. Mr.. Hender-
son was also elected president OF the
council and presided at the evening ses-
sion Of the gathering which consisted Of
a banquet followed by speeches. c. w
Farr was elected Grand Scribe of the
Grand Encampment. The report of c
W. Farr grand scribe, showed the re-
ceipts from the subordinate lodges tol
the past year to have been $782.15 auc
the total membership to be 1907.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1900-05-23
The passumpsic Club Sends dreslIn Z.

On Friday evening, May 25, oocuts
the May meeting of the Passumpsic Con-
gregational Club at the South Church.
At 7,3O in the audience room OF ne
church there will be held exercises 20
which the general publicis most cordia iy
invited The opening musical scrv &c
promises a very attractive programme.
This will be followed by an address oy
Rev, George II. lde, b. D.. of MiIwaulp.e
Wis., on THE Popularity Of the rwel Ii
eth Century Religion"
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1900-05-23
Notice.

Ticklenecked Pond in the town of Ryegate,
VT, has been stocked with Wall-Eyed Pike
by the State of Vermont. Fishing therein
has been prohibited until June 1 s, 900 (see
Section 45t9 of Vermont Statutes) under
penalty of $50 After June 1 5, fishermen are
requested to return to the pond unharmed,
any Wall.Eyed Pike " hich they may chance
to hook. Give them chance to breed
JOHN w. TITCoMB,
HORACE w. BAILEY,
Fish and Game Commissioners.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1900-05-23
The Brooks-Ty|er
Dry Goods Co.
NEW ADS. THIS WEEK.

License to Sell.
Ten Men Wanted.
House Girl Wanted.
Pansies-C. F. Gibbs
Town Republican Caucus.
Whees-W. w. S. Browne.
Pansy Plants--G. c. Weeks.
Ladies Observation-Disclosures.
Sheep Strayed-H. NJ. Knapp.
Bankruptcy Notice-B Maloy.
Skirts and Wasts-Broo
The Burglar--Howe Opera House.
Probate of Will-E. B. Cobb's Est.
Comm. Notice-Mary Browns Est.
Probate of Will-B. d. Browns Est.
Summer Millinery-E. F. Carpenter.
Tailor Made Suits-E. L. Hunt & Co.
Johnson Trousers-Steele, Taplin & Co.
Midsummer Opening-Mrs. E. M. Roberts.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1900-05-23

Passumpsic Lodge No. IT,, r. and A. M.
The next regular Communication will be
held Thursday evening June 7.
EPHRAIM AMAZEEN,
DELos M. BACON, Master.
Secretary.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1900-05-23
Knights of pythlaS.

Knights Of PythiaS.
Regular convention of Apollo Lodge No. 2
Tuesday night, May 20.
Work in the Page Rank.
L. P. SLACK, Chancellor Commander.
J. M. CUsHMAN, Keeper of Records and Seal.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1900-05-23
MARRIAGE CERTIFICATES

IN plain and colored Autographs for franz
ng also in booklet form A very choice line
ia this Office.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1900-05-23
FRATERNITY MEETINGS.

Palestine COmmandery, No. 5, K. T.
Stated ConClave, Tuesday, June 18th.
GEORGE F. CHENEY,
DELos M. BACON, Commander.
Recorder
Lewiston evening teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1900, 1900-08-31
A Card.

To the Republican voters of Nez Perez
county, Idaho: The undersigned solicits
your support for the nomination as state
senator for the Seventeenth senatorial dis
trict, at the republican primary elections
to be held September I, 1900; also, at the
county nominating convention to be held
at Lewiston, Idaho, Sept. s, 1900. II
nominated and elected it will be my en-
deavor to be ever vigilant in the promo
ton OF the interests of the people of Nez
Perce county. Approaching with other
citizens the eminent services rendered by
Hon. George L. Shoup, United States
senator from Idaho, in the passage of the
Tree homestead bill, his unceasing labor
In behalf of his state and its inhabitants
since he first took his seat in the senate
Oh the United States, the prominence he
mas Justly attained as a national leyisla-
tor and the high esteem he is held in by
MS colleagues, would consider it NV
imperative duty, as we'll as an honor, to
nave the privilege of voting for him in
.he event had a voice in the next Idaho
legislature.
THOMAS MULLEN,
Lewiston evening teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1900, 1900-08-31
NoIlCE OF ENTRY OF TOWNSHIP

p Do al whom it may concern:
tbs ulsnant to section 22o2 of title XII of
no.; revised statutes of the state of Idaho,
, nvuce Is hereby given that an entry was
co laue oy tue probate judge of Nez Perez
A n IDAHO on the 10Th day of June,
Of a; ~ ~ 1900, in trust for the Inhabitants
section e Town v, OF Melrose, of lot (Is) fifteen
wbm N4J four, TIP. (35) thirty-five, r.
ierce comfy, state of Idaho.
anr I I, person Claiming to be entitled to
reo y 1loSk' lot or parcel of said land is
sixtv al 10 nile his application within
lica;;O uays after the date of the first pub
be eI snea OF this notice or his rights shall
,,o .oiever barred as provided in $. ction
Off, VI ute XII of the revised statutes
Tue state of Idaho.
proho r. A. LANGFoRD.
Idabo Judge of Neg Perez county.
town - IN trust for the inhabitants of the
DA'ed July 18th A. D., 1900 IT,
Lewiston evening teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1900, 1900-08-31
PEACE DECLARED.

Why. devote all your time reading
about the Boer war and the gold fields Of
Alaskan There are other matters of vital
Importance. You may make a trip east
and will waut to know how to travel. In
order to have the best service use the
WISCONSIN Central Railway between St,
Paul and Chicago. For rates and other
information write James A. Clock, Gen.
erai Agent, Portland, Oregon. 47tf
Lewiston evening teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1900, 1900-08-31
HERE'S YOUR CHANCE ROWS

MRS J. ii. Looner has put up rocking
chalr as prize for the handsomest r,an
III Lewiston, to be decieed by votes at !
cents each, the proceeds to go to the fair
a committee will be appointed and vot.
ing begin at once as it will be a mooted
question. Nineland men doing business
In Lewiston are eligible to compete
This will have tendency to raise the
price OF spectacles. S. Y. Loomer also
offers one center table for the best busbel
of barley on exhibit.
Lewiston evening teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1900, 1900-08-31

Sudahy's Celebrated Rex brand of
uaiils and bacon at WildenthaIer's.
Lewiston evening teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1900, 1900-08-31

PORTLAND, Aug. 3o.-Five suits ag-
areqatiug So, 500 have been filed as liens
AGAINST the steamer Billings being con-
structed by the Paul Mohr Company at
the DalleS
Lewiston evening teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1900, 1900-08-31
ANNOUNCEMENT.

me undersigned hereby announces
a himself as a candidate for state SEN
ID . ior the seventeenth senatorial
pas comprising the county of Nez
,ha ee subject, however, to the action of
NE WIG republican county nominating con-
1en.ioh' which convenes in the CITY OF
lewiston lewiston, Idaho, on the 9th day of Sep
Dated Aug. ~ 1900. " ''
Lewiston evening teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1900, 1900-08-31

GLASGOW, Aug. 3d. Eleven persons
are now suffering from bubonic plague
here and five others have the symptoms
There have been two deaths and the dis.
ease is increasing.
Lewiston evening teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1900, 1900-08-31
WHEAT STORED FIRE.

The Lewiston Milling Co., are prepared
10 store 10000 OF wheat for milling pur
poses without any storage charges.
Lewiston evening teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1900, 1900-08-31
TELEGRAPHIC FLASHES

BANGOR, Me-, Aug. 3o.-Congressman
porteIle is seriously i'll at the Sanitarium
in this city.
Lewiston evening teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1900, 1900-08-31

,nent of the G. A. X. IN 1901.
PORTLAND, Aug. 3o.-Five suits ag-
grepating 50, 500 have been filed as liens
egaipst the steamer Billings being con-
structed by the Paul Mohr Company at
the Dalles -
GLASGOW, Aug. 3o.- Eleven persons
are now suffering from bubonic plague
here and five others have the symptoms.
There have been two deaths and the dis
ease is increasing.
VANcoUvER, B. c., Aug. 3o.-A Res
c;a wife and child were burned to death
in their own house here this morning.
The house caught fire in the night and
the family persisted before the firemen
could effect a rescue.
DETROIT, Aug. 3o.-Ogden H. Fethers
of Ianesville, Wisconsin, was today
elected supreme chancellor by the
Knights of Pythias supreme lodge. He
was elected on the first ballot, defeating
the present supreme chancellor, Thomas
G. Sample, by vote of 8S to 50.
LONDON, Aug. 3o.--Buller's advance
occupied Machadorp. Kruger's most re-
cent capital, on Tuesday. The Beers
evacuated the place with great precipita-
ton and it is thought they could scarcely
have saved their guns and transport
The prevailing impression in London is
that the end of the war is fast approach
ing.
PENDLEroN, Aug. 3o.-Arthur Kelly,
twelve year old boy, is here in the
custody of the sheriff for the murder of
his father in the mountains about fifty
miles northeast of Milton. He claims
that his father abused him and threat
ened to kill him, and confesses that he
murdered him by shooting hinwith rifle.
CHEYENNE, Wyo., Aug. 3o.-The west
bound Union Pacific passenger train was
held up by train robbers at Table Rock,
Wyoming, last night. Four masked men
made up the attacking party. They con-
fined their efforts to the express cars
which they wrecked totally. An uncon.
frmed report says that United States
marshal and posse captured the bandits
ten miles from the scene of the robbery.
Lewiston evening teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1900, 1900-08-31

CHICAGO, Aug. 3o.-Denyer Is chosen
~, the Mace to hold the national encamp-
,,snt of the G. A. K. in 1901.
Lewiston evening teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1900, 1900-08-31
l.. g. NEAL.
UNDERTAKEN AND EMBALMER

And dealer in furniture. picture frames
and moulding, White, Wheeler & Wilson,
and New Home sewing machines. Ma
chimes to rent. Telephones; Store, goa;
residence, S75.
Lewiston evening teller. (Lewiston, Idaho) 1900-1900, 1900-08-31
THOMAS MULLEN.

wanted - immediately first class lady
waitress Tor summer hotel. Call at this
The evening times. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1895-1902, 1900-10-29
HEAVY TAX ON CLOTHES.
Leading Wool Raiser Tells of Trust
and Tnriff TYRANNY.

CHICAGO. Oct. 29.-H. Halthusen, OF
Colorado, who is one of the greatest wool
raisers and buyers in the United States,
declares without reservation that the wcot
tariff as it now stands is a menace to all
woolgrowers. For many years Mr.. Hal
thusen has been one of the largest wool
purchasers in Colorado Wyoming, Utah.
New Mexico. and other Western States.
1.-THE people of the United States.'' said
he. ARE taxed 100 per cent on the clothes
| they wear. The per cent goes to the EaS-
tern manufacturers and the favored class
es, and the farmer pays the bill. A trust
wou!d De an iInpossibility if it were not for
the misca!led protective tariff. Open COM
petition with the world would quickly wipe
out the trusts. Mr.. Bryan is right IL his
arguments that all articles and goods upon
which trusts are founded should be put
on the free list. That is the thing the
! trusts are most bitterly opposed to.
'iThe wearer of clothing in this country
| is a contributor to the Wooden Trust. This
| gigantic corporation has the country at its
mercy. T. can turn out such goods as 1t
| likes and the people have no redress, for
! the imported goods are too costly in price
for tire great body Of the people. The
| trust manipulates cotton and shoddy and
mixes them with wool in such proportions
as tc shut out all competition. The people
are actually compelled to buy what the
| trust offers or go without clothing. The
| trust regulates the quality and the price,
and yet tens of thousands of wool raisers
are hambocsled into voting the Republican
! ticket by specious arguments which are
wholly false They are bamboozled by the
delusion of Mckinley prosperity, when in
truth the alleged prosperity was caused by
decreased supply in other countries and
conditions over which no Government had
any influence
"fI'he wool situation is duplicated in the
hide industry The trusts have almost rl-
ined all traffic in hides The American
Hide and Leather Company and the Sole
Leather Trust control all business il
| hides. They have so manipulated the mar
| ket that there has been decline of 80 Oh
20 per cent since January Z. Manufactur-
ers are in bad shape. as they are at the
mercy of these trusts. and the outlook fol
next vsar BODIES no good for either wool OF
| hide zen"
The evening times. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1895-1902, 1900-10-29
A Thanksgiving Proclamation.

Following his previous custom and that
of his predecessors, the President has is
sued a proclamation setting aside Thurs
Gay, the twenty ninth of November, as a
day CT Thanksgiving AS is usual with
the state papers of Mr. Mckinley, the
document Is redoIent of a bursting and
satisfied piety. and a consciousness that
Mckinley prosperity has come to the
land as a rich and permanent blessing,
unless the masses should succeed in
wrestling the Government from the trusts
and monopolies which are its chief bene-
fciaries.
He tells US that works of religion and
charity have everywhere been manifest"
We do not suppose that this phrase is
intended to apply to Porto Rico, where
the Constitution of the United States is
being violated and defied. in order that
the Inhabitants of that American Terri
tory may be deprived of their constitu-
tionaI rights, and oppressed and starved
that certain trusts may become the rich
err But, probably, Mr.. Mckinley confines
his thoughts to the States alone, and
what they ought to be thankful for.
We are congratulated upon abundant
DaTNGSlS- MI LnChiulSy 10 tOO IllSoCSt ~
claim the credit for them; but his man
ayers and sDellbinders do that for him
so the impression perhaps gets out just
the same The gem of this instrument
under seal, however, IS the declaration
that labor, and the Industries of the
people. have prospered beyond all prece-
dent!''
This is highly interesting, as being the
first official attempt on the part Of the
President to differentiate the labor class
from the people" Labor, the President
asserts, has been prosperous, and that. he
thinks is cause for national rejoicing. But
''the great Industries OF the people have
prospered beyond all precedent"
We are at once led to analyze the second
statement in order 70 ascertain who are
the people. Evidently the proclamation
contempIates those VINO own the great in
dustries. 1t is quite as We had supposed.
The great industries of the people," the
people" being Rockefeller, Havemeyer,
Morgan, Carnegie, Duke, Flint, and others
OF that ilk, certainly have been showered
with rich blessings. The small merchants
traders, manufacturers statesmen and the
like, who have been ruined by the trusts,
have not much to be thankful for, although
they are now part of the army of labor
owned by the people
The distinction between labor and the
people, SO deftiy drawn by Mr.. Mckinley,
is the same that divided the populus from
the plebes in ancient Rome. The former,
or real people belonged to the privi-
legged class from which the patricians
were drawn. The latter were piebeians, or
what the trusts would call labor" They
were without voice in the Government
without opportunities to rise in the world
All the good things were reserved for the
patricians and their relatives and friends
the ''populus." To be sure, the plebeians
changed this after while, but lost what
they had gained later when Rome became
an empire, under the forms of republic
1t is edifying to observe how significantly
Roman ideas and methods are creeping
into the transition period of our own Re
public