Marietta daily leader. (Marietta, Ohio) 1895-1906, 1900-07-20
Health Requisites Cleaned From the Best
OfficinI Sources.

omciaI Sources.
Disinfection consists In extinguish-
ing the spark, or killing the germ;
which may light ZIP an epidemic In the
presence of supply of combustible
material--filth.
The object of general Sanitary Po-
lice is to remove this combustible ma
terial out of the way, so that no harm
may result even IL the spark be intro
duced.
Antiseptics or deodorants are useful
when It is impracticable to remove Of
fensive organic material from the vlcin-
ity of human habitations, but they
are poor substitute for cleanliness.
Disinfectants and the best methods
of disinfection-Fire, steam under
pressure go pounds), boiling water,
formalehyd gas, chloride Of lime, mer-
curic chlorid lin solution), carbolic
acid % per cent solution) caustic lime
("quicklime'), dry heat $3.50 degrees
Fair. for two hours), sulphurdiored,
copper sulphate( in solution), zinc
chlorid lin solution) All of these ag-
ents properly used are effective for the
destruction of the germs" of the fol-
lowing named diseases: Tubercu-
COSTS, diphtheria, typhoid fever, epi-
demic influenza, erysipelas, infectious
of cattle and in gen.
eral, of all infectious diseases in which
the specific germ does not form spores.
The five agents at the head Of the list
may also be relied uuon for the de-
struction of the spores of anthrax, te-
tanus and symtomatic authorax, which
are the principal diseases in which 1t
has been demonstrated that resistant
spores are present in the infectious
material by which they are propogated.
We shall first give a brief account OF
tion with these agents and afterwards
brief directions for their use.
/. Fire--It is hardly necessary to say
that burning Of infectious material, in
fected clothing, ETC., is an effectual
method of disposing of it, which is al
ways to be recommended when practi-
cable or consistant with due regard for
economy and the rights Of individuals.
2. Steam under pressure--At twen-
ty pounds pressure the temperature is
about 240 degree Fahr.; at twenty
five pounds it is ABOUT 240 degrees
Fahr.: at thirty pounds $50 degrees
Fair. Moist heat at the lowest tenn
perature named destroys the most re-
sistant spores in twenty minutes, while
temperature of 240 degrees Fair. is
effective almost Immediately.
8. Boiling-Bacteria are quickly
killed at temperature considerably
below the boiling point of water, and it
is safe to say that boiling for half an
hour will destroy all known disease
germs.
A temperature below the boiling
point Of water (140-160 degrees Fahr.)
destroys within few minutes the
germs of cholera, typhoid fever, diph-
iberia, pneumonia, erysipelas, etc.
4. Formalehyd Gas. 1t is irritat-
ing to the mucus membrane of the eye
and nose, but not poisonous. Various
forms of apparatus have been devised
for generating this gas.
5. Chloride of Lime (chlorinated
lime, bleeching powder)- one of
| the cheapest and efficient of disinfect-
ants. 1t should be packed in air-tight
and moisture-prcof receptacles-glass
is preferable-and should contain at
least 25 per cent of available chlorine
1t should be used in solution which
had better be made as required. An
insoluable residue will be left, which
may be removed by liberation. This,
however, is not all necessary.
6. Meruric Chloride (bichloride
of mercury, corrosive subimate -
This well known deadly uoson has
| long been used in domestic practice
as bug poison" 1t should not be
used in lead, tin or copper pipes. It's
potency in dilute solutions 1500 to
1.4OO0) makes it cheap and the danger
of accidental poison is not very great
These solutions should be colored as a
precaution against accident.
| A standard solution which contains
four ounces to the gallon of water is of
convenient strength for a concentrated
solution, to be used by manufactures
or health authorities, labelled poison,
and colored with permanganate of
potash, 10 grains to the gallon. In us
ing this and other dsinfecting solu-
tions the time of exposure is about two
hours.
Z. Carbolic Acid.-It is fatal to
microorganisms in the proportion of
two per cent, the time of exposure be-
ing two hours for clothing, ETC., and
five per cent for excreta. Poison label
must be on the bottle.
8. Caustic Lime "quicklime"-All
of the caustic alkalies have decided
germicedal yaule, but quicklime is the
cheapest and most generally useful
For disinfection of excreta, in the sick
room or in sinks, privy vaults, ETC.,
freshly prepared milk of lime" should
be used, containing about one part, by
weight, of hydrate of lime to eight
N "a rte pf This chnItld ha