davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lamar register., 1900-02-14
Nervous
Women

are aNlng w0nsen. Whom
q woman has some female
trouble slso Is certain to
be nervous and wrof0ks0d-
with many women tho
monthly suffering 10 80
great that they are for
days positively xnsanes
and the most oiliigenf sf-
forts Of ordinary froaf-
mont are u8aYaNina.
The Lamar register., 1900-02-14
SHEEPME EN-.

Write Us Tor ports on sheep and laha Yon,
sonsisnmens solicited by kSoLLN BOOTH, the only
exclusive sneep Commission Company aS ths beat
sheep MARKET In the world. Kansas City Stock arus
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1900-08-23

The secretary OF the stock association
has allowed a little information to leak
out about the great difficulty his Office
has in providing Stock brands, but there
is nothing said as to the discrimina-
ton between members OF the association
and the small owners when an applica-
ton is made for recording, Or when there
is estray money to distribute. The
frankness of MIR. Greene P. was we'll
illustrated by his testimony before the
legislative committee two years ago,
when he said that the stock inspectors
were state officers, being appointed by
the state board CT stock commissioners,
adding that their reports were the prop
erSy OF the association. The Office of
the state board Of stock commissioners
needs a new system in recording brands
and needs q secretary who is man enough
to come out and inform the committee
which is investigating his office, that one
of its number is his partner in the cattle
business; who will not demand a fee of
50 for recording a brand when the law
absolutely prohibits it; who will allow
the state examiner to look over his books:
who will account for all money that
passes through his hands in an official
capacity, and who will not act as ar
officer of the state, at the same time
being the secretary of a secret organiza,
ton such as the Montana Stockgrowers
Association, thus being in a position tc
use his official powers to private advant
age.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1900-08-23

If it had not been for Republican sex
pansion" Hawaii would not have become
a part of the Union; if Hawaii had not
become a Fart OF the Union, a Hawaiian
delegate-at-large would not have sat in
the Democratic convention and been a
member of the platform committee;if it
had not been for the vote of this Hawai-
ian member of the platform committee,
the Is to | plank would have been beaten
despite the telephone orders from Neb
raska; if this plank had been beaten,
Bryan, according to his own words,
would have refused to run for President.
How, therefore, can Bryan logically in
weigh against expansion, in view of the
fact that he himself is a ~derivative from
40 tt
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1900-08-23
Primary Elections.
age.

The primary election law, brie fly, is as
follows:
/. A voter at a primary must be a
citizen of the United States, all elector
of the state and county, and an actual
resident of the precinct.
2. Three judges who are qualified
electors OF the precinct must be chosen
by the qualified voters who are present
at the opening of the primary, and they
have the power to administer oaths, and
to decide upon the qualifications of those
offering to vote, and must count all votes
cast, and certify to the results.
3. The judges must select one of their
number to act as clerk, and the clerk
must keep a true record of each person
voting, with residence and z. o. address.
4. Oaly those who are identified with
the political party holding the caucus.
or who intend to act with it at the e n
suing election, are entitled to vote.
! s. Any qualified voter may challenge
the right of any person to vote, and the
person challenged will be allowed to vote
upon making an affidavit, substantially
as follows:
II do solemnly swear that / am a full
citizen of the United States and am ar
elector of this county and of this pre-
cinct where this primary is now being
held, thai | have been and am now iden
titled with the---party, or that l
is my intention bona tde, to act withlthc
-party. and identify mysel
with the same at the ensuing election.
a person making a false affidavit i
guilty OF perjury and may be punished
| on conviction.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1900-08-23

All electors Of said county without re-
gard to past political affiliations, who
believe in the principles of the republi
can party and endorse its policies, are
cordially invited under this call to parti,
cipate in the party primaries and the
convention.
No polling place herein named shall be
changed unless "a hours notice be given
by the central committeeman Tor the
precinct, by posting notices making the
change in three public places in the
precinct
The following rules have been adopted
for the government Of the convention:
First. Delegates and alternate dele
gates shall be elected to the convention,
and in the event OF TIE failure of a dele
gate to attend, the alternate delegate
shall cast the vote of the delegate whom
he represents.
Second. In the absence of delegate
and his alternate, a majority of the del
egation from the precinct shall cast the
vote of the absentee.
Third. In the absence of alldelegates
and alternate delegates from any pre-
cinct, no vote shall be cast for said pre-
cinct.
Fourth. In the town of Choteau, il a
delegate and his alternate is absent
there shall be no vote cast in his behalf
Fifth. All delegates and alternates
must be voters and residents of the pre-,
cinct which they represent.
Done by order of the republican
county central committee OF Teton
. county, Montana.
U. G, ALLEN, Chairman.
Attest: GEO. Z. TAYLOR, Sec.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1900-08-23

Next Saturday the republicans of this
county will hold primaries for the pur-
pose of selecting delegates to the county
convention. The apportionment this
year was based on the vote cast for
Thomas G. Marshall, the republican can-
didate for congress, and n delegate is
allowed for each 10 votes or fraction
thereof, SO cast. This apportionment
will call for a larger number of delegates
than usual, and will allow those who de-
sire to attend the convention a good
chan.e to do 50. The number of candi-
dates for office is smaller than usual and
a good strong ticket will be the result.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1900-08-23
Republican County Convention.
Choteau, Mont. Aug. IL 1900.


In accordance with party usage. and
by direction of the republican county
central committee which met in Choteau
on Saturday, Aug. IL, 1900, a county
convention is hereby called to meet at
the courtroom in Choteau on Saturday,
September 1st, 1909 at IL O'Clock a. M.
to elect Ia delegates and Ia alternate
delegates to the state convention to be
held in Helena on Wednesday, Septem-
Der 9TH, 1900, aud to nominal a county
ticket, to select a county central com
mittee, and for the transaction of such
other business as may come before the
convention.
IN accordance with the above, pre-
cinct primaries are called to meet on
Saturday, August 25th, between the
hours CT 2 o'clock and 6 O'Clock p. u. to
elect delegates and alternate delegates
TO the said republican convention, as
q - ----s r
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1900-08-23
First Publication Aug. 16, 1900.
DESERT LAND, FINAL PROOF.-NOTICE
FOR PUBLICATION.
TTnitad StateS Land Office Helena. Mont.

DESEhI LAND. FINAL
FOR PUBLICATION.
United States Land Office Helena, Mont.
Aug. 20, 1900.
Notice is hereby given that Ollie Gordon
of Great Falls, Mont. has fled notice of in
tention TO make proof on his desert-land claim
No. 51O3, for the sw4, NJ sea, sec. 10, NJ nw4, sec.
"a, t 80 n, 5 W, NJ. NJ. before M. s. Darling u.
S. Oom'r at Pondera, Mont. on Monday, the
8th day of October 1890, also that Mack Nc K.
Wilson of Great Falls, Mont, has filed notice
of intention to make proof on his desert-land
claim No. SIPS, for the W. nw4, ne4 nw4, nw4
mel, sec. %, sc4 sw4, 81 sea. mel sci, sec. Is, t 80
n, r 5 W., II. NJ, before the same officer at the
same time and place.
They name the following witnesses to prove
the complete irrigation and OF
said lands viz: Walter Mathews 4. d. Nor
rison of Pondera, Mont. Edward Tanner,
Thomas Curry of Dupuyer. Montana.
GEORGE. d. GREENE,
Register.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1900-08-23
R0BARE, MONT.
DESERTLAND, FINAL PROOF.-NOTICE
FOR PUBLICATION.
Land Office at Helena. Montana
.IHOO w HO' "I6S
Aug. 18th. 1900.

LdIu OIlCU dU IItIUNd, NIUIIJdIId
Aug. 18th, 1900.
Notice is hereby given that Charles A.
Cowell. assignee of Maggie Miller of Bynum,
Mont, has fled notice TO make proof on his
desert-land claim No. 1858, for the So ne4, NJ
SCI, sec 10, NJ sw4. sci nw4, sw4 mel, sec II, t %
n, r Nv. before George w. Magee, u. S. Com'r.
at Dupuyer, Mont, on Saturday, the - day of
September 1860.
He names the following witnesses to prove
the complete irrigation and reclamation of
said land:
John W. Clark, William Cowgirl, Henry
Ryan. Don G.. Leech of Dupuyer, Mont.
GEORGE d. GREENE,
Register.
Eirst Pnhlicatinn Aug 16- 1000
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1900-08-23

Bryan in this matter, but it knows the
sort of explaining his cause needs to
make. it acceptable to the American
voter.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1900-08-23

Russell Sage IS not satisfied with the
present prosperity. He complains with
bitterness that 'money is a drug on the
market now" In the hard times of the
Cleveland administration MIR. Sage could
lend out his money with usury. Now
he has to compete even with the far
mers of the West, who have become
lenders of money where they used to be
borrowers. No wonder he is dissatisfied
with Mckinley prosperity.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1900-08-23

The Atlanta CONSTITUTION, which
journal is a warm supporter of the Kan
sas City ticket, declares that if Mr..
B:ya1 ere lected to the Presidency
he would keep the troops in the Philip
pines uatll a stable folm OF govern ment
was, established. The Constitution ma y
not be authorized to speak for Mr..
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1900-08-23
PONDERA..DUPUYER
Stage Line.

Commencing April LIST, the under
signed will meet all trains a Pondera
and make regular trips to furnish trans
p~ertation for passengers and express
matter to Dupuyer.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1900-08-23
For Sale.
Notice.

All persons are hereby notified that
hunting and shooting on our premises is
forbidden.
STURGEON Bros.
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1900-10-28
CERTIFICATES OF NOMINATION.

1, Geo. w. Cowing, Clerk of Ormsby
County, State of Nevada, do hereby GER
tify that the following is the list of nomi-
nations certified to, and filed with me
as said County Clerk. for the General
Election to be held in the County OF
Ormsby, State OF Nevada, on Tuesday,
the Sixth day of November, 1900:
For Presidential Electors
Dennis, joni H. Democratic and Silver
+. Party
Kirman, Richard, Silver Party and De-
mocratic Party.
Weber, John, Democratic Party and
Silver Party.
For Presidential Electors
BRAY. Simon Republican Party
Lyman, ID. B.---Republlcan Party
Strother, Enoch-----R Republican Party
For Representative in Congress.
HARRINGTON, E. S.----Republican party
Newlands, F. G.. Democratic Party ami
Silver Party.
For Justics of the Supreme Court
Coffin, Trenmor- Party
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1900-10-28


on the property OF the State, The tax
rol' should show a valuation of one
hundred million dollars worth OF prop
erty: that true assessment adjusted
nearer to tlic equal value OF property
would reduce the average county taxes
20 perhaps one dollar on the hundred
with the States proportion at about
twenty-five cents on the hundred: that
this differentiation OF property -esuits
in abnormal1y high tax rates and is
cr;nriing our industries in addition .
se 2 4 menace to the investment OF
outside capital. we therefore recon-
mend TO all Silver Party county Con
ventions that thev pledge their nom;
nees to tie Legislature. to support
such measures as viii bring about a re
-orn in this direction.
Rcso'ut;on-W Whereas: At a meet
ing Of the State Central Committee OF
the Silver Party held at Carson City
during the Senatorial contest in Ian
u5ry 1860, resolutions were passed by
I'D committee condemnatory OF the
GOOD faith ard marty LOYALTY OF the
F5n. Francis @ Newlands a>d
Whereas: 1t such meeting Hon.
W. r. Sharon WAS derosed from the
Craftsmanship cf the State Central
Committee largely Ly means Of prox-
les obtained ny AID ric,er the control
%. Senator Nf'tam II. Stewart with
o't PROPER notice a to the purpose of
tie meeting, and.
Whereas: Il has since been demon
5tratcd that he charges then made
Ggainat the Hon. Francis G.. Newlands
were absolutely false. and that the real
traitor to the Silver cause was Senator
. William NJ. Stewart as has been dem
onstrated by his recent action: there
lore we resolve that the resolution CON
,jau'natory O Hon rancis G. New
/ lands be stricken and expurged from
! the records Of the State Central Com
mittce oi the Silver Party and that he
is entitled to tha commentator OF this
! Convention Tor his foresight wo year:
! go. and Tor his action in opposition
to the reelection OF William NJ Stew
art because OF the latter's treason Il
| the Silver organization n the canpa 81
; OF 1903
And we further denounce the recent
course and action if William NJ. Stew
| art, and demand his resignation a:
/ Senator from this State
And we further resolve that the &C
ton of the State Central Committee de
/, posing w. E. Sharon from the Chair
manship Of the State Central Commit
tee be rescinded and expunged from
| the record.
To the People Of Nevada-There is
man in these United States whose pub
lie career and private life. whose man
hood and consistency have intensified
our faith in him. as the foremost states
man OF our times. as man above re
| proach ard beyond the pale OF corrup
influence OF any nature. We hail hin
as the appointed instrument to defen'
this Republica and institutions agains
unholy encroachment OF every descrip
ton. upon our faith. our patriotism an
our traditions. This man is pure o
life and Of exalted ability and clean mo
tives. and we believe that any citizel
of this commonwealth will honor him
self bv supporting for the Presidency c
the United States. William ]. Bryan.
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1900-10-28

doz. w. S. 4 h. Typewriter Erasers,
No. 1O2.
doz Type Erascrs, Fabers Flat No.
IO2.
doz. Typewriters Erasers W. :. Il p.
Paragon.
l doZ. Dixon's Felt Rubber Erasers No.
1IOl.
40 reams Typewrting Paper No. 30
Berkshire.
10 reams Typewriting Paper No. %
Berksh
10 reamS Typewriting Paper No. 81
Berkshire.
10 reams Typewritlng Paper No. 9s
Berkshire.
10 reams Typewriting Paper No. lis
Berkshire.
10 reamS Typewriting Paper No. 55
Berkshire.
10 reams Typewriting Paper No. 6
Berk shire
5O0-Seals Silver Large, Long Pointed,
Dennison'S.
5O0-Seals, Large, Long Pointed, As
sorted Colors. Dennison's.
500 Mailing Tubes IS in. long, II in.
diam.
No bid will be considered unless &C
compa MED by bond, with two or more
sureties, all of whom must lie house
holders and citizens of the State of Ne
vada, in the sum of one thousand dollars
The Board reserves the right to reject
| any and all bids. Bids should be adj
| dressed to the Clerk of the Board OF
| Examiners, Carson City, Nevada, and
| endorsed Proposals for Furnishing
| Supplies"
By order of the Board.
| Attest: ARTHUR w. MORRIS,
Clerk of the Board of Examiners.
Carson City, Nevada, October 25, 1900.
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1900-10-28

Fitzgerald. \. L. Democratic Party and
Silver Party.
For Regent State University long Term
Evans. J. y. Silver Party and Demo-
cratic Party.
Turrittiu, George +. Republican Party
For Regent State University Short Term
Averill, Mark -------Republlcan Party
Booher, w. w. Democratic Party and
Silver Party.
For .Assemblynen:
Hennessy, J.. c. Silver Party and Demo-
cratic Party.
Heidenreich. r. J Republican
Plat, Samuel
Sweeney, James G. Democratic and Sill
yer p lrty.
Tyrrell, George Republican Party
Winnie, f. G. Silver Party AID Demo-
cratic Party.
For Sheriff and ex- Of1icio Assessor.
Kinney, VIM. Silver Party and Demo-
cratic Party.
Van Etten, H. f. Republican Party
For County Clerk and Ex-OfficiO
Treasurer:
Co~img. George w. Silver Party and
Democratic Party.
| Edwards, Fl. D.-----Republican Party
For County Recorder and ex Of1icio
Auditor and ex officio Public Admin
| istrator: =
HOfer, I. X. Republican Party
McCabe. A. NJ. Independent Republican
Wall, J. A. Silver Party and Democratic
| Party.
Virgins, James Independent Silver
! For District Attorney and ex-Oficio
Superintendent of Schools:
| Roberts, T.. E.---------Republcan Party
Walsh, J. Emmett, Silver Party and
| Democratic Party.
For County Commissioner ILong Term1
Daugherty, f. Republican Party
Petersen, p. H. Silver Party and De-
mocratic Party,
For County Commissioner [Short Term1
Bray, c. z. Republican Party
Slingerland, Charles Z. Silver Party aud
Democratic Party.
For Justice of the Peace carson
Township
Doanc, VIM. Uy.- Republican Party
Stone, w. Ii. Silver Party and Demo-
cratic Party.
For Justice of the Peace Empire
Township
Hackctt, M.----------R Republican Party
For Constable carson Township
Crisler, w. II. Republic Al Party
Newman, John r. Democratic Party
and Silver Paaty.
l.. Stern---- --------------Indepen
For C-nsiable Empire Township
Deiteri:h, Wan. Republican Party
In Testimony Whereof I have
SEAL he,eunto set my hand and Seal
this 18th day of October, A. D.,
1919.
GEO. w. CowINo,
County Clerk.
Dated. Carson City, Ormsby County,
' Nevada, October Is. 1900.
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1900-10-28
Proposals to Furnish Supplies

Bids will be received by the Board of
Examiners of the State of Nevada, to
furnish stationery herein described, for
the use of State officers and Legislature
for the period of two years. Proposals |
will be received up to (but not including)
December 4, 1900, on which day the bids |
will he opened at IL O'Clock a. m. All |
bids should state the price of goods, de- |
livered at the State Capitol, and in every |
instance, when practicable, should be ac-
companied by sample. All articles to be
the best of its kind and the amount re-
quired as indicated, and to be delivered
by December 26, 1900, as follows:
10 reams letter paper, linen Is lbs.
20 reams letter paper, white wove, 16 Id.
l ream enrolling paper.
ream plotting paper, 12O lib. Assorted
colors.
ream engrossing paper.
reams quadrille paper, l8x24, square,
10000 envelopes MN Government
No. 6.
5000 envelopes xxx Government No.
10.
500 envelopes, cloth No. 10.
5,OOO humans Envelopes 1X1O.
5000 Dunhams Envelopes, 74xlO4.
l cs. Sanfords Combined Writing &
Copying Fluid, OTIS.
5gross rubber bands, OOOOl.
| 5gross rubber hands, OO0Os.
| 5gross rubber baLds, 0O0O4.
| 5gross rubber bands, OF.
20 gross rubber bands, SO.
20 gross rubber bands, 81.
80 gross rubber bands, 10.
80 gross rubber bands, Is.
80 gross rubber bands, IL.
10 gross pens, Genuine Gillots 404.
10 gross pens Spencerian %.
gross pens Esterbrook 1874.
5gross pencils Johann Faber (4Os)2.
gross pencils Johann Faber, (4OS) 3.
gross pencils Johann Faber (258).
doz. pencils Fabers, plain black, no
eraser.
3gross thumb tacks, large.
Il 3Eross thumb tacks, small.
doz. boxes Eyelets, D. b.
6 doz. Irvine, Baltic is B.
gross Penholders, enameled assorted
l doz. Ruling Pens. Hinged, Needle
Point. 81 in.
doz. Reporters Note Books, 6x9, 100
pages.
i doz. Brown Il Powers Stenographers
+ Note Books.
2boxes Carbon Cobweb Titles Blue.
3boxes Black
I doz. Paragon Remington Record Rib
bon @ Black, Blue.)
: / doz. Smith Premier Eureka Copying
: Ribbons, Violet.
- 800 Sheets Scots Manuscript Covers
g Linen.
4reams Cream White Type Writing
Later paper, heaviest.
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1900-10-28
ELECTION NOTICE

Notice is hereby given that on the first
Tuesday after the fl rst Monday, the sixth
day of November next, at the Curry
Engine House in the first precinct "a
Carson City, and at Armory Hall in the
second precinct, of Carson City, aud at
the SCHOOL House in Empire precinct of
Empire, County of Ormsby, State of
Nevada. an Election will be held for
State, County and Township officers,
t9-w.t:
Three Presidential Electors.
One Congressman.
One Justice Of the Supreme Court.
One Regent of the State University,
{Long Term.
One Regent of the State University.
Short Term.
Three Members Of the Assembly.
One Sheriff and Assessor.
One County clerk ana ex-onfcio Treas
u~er.
One County Recorder aal ez-oGlcio
Auditor and ex-olieio Public Al,ninis-
traitor
One District Attorney ana ox-o.zfrja
superintendent Of PnbHa Schools,
One County Commissioner, Hong
| 'Terinl
One County Commissioner, lshort
Term3
one Justice of the Peace. carson
ono Justice of the Peace, Empire
Township
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1900-10-28

Precincts, Polling Places. inspectors
And Ballot Clerks.
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1900-10-28

Empire Precinct, Empire School House
Inspectors,-E. Grove, E. Schweiss and
0. Woodbury..
Ballot Clerks,-J. Lloyd, Jr. and J. w.
Virgins.
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1900-10-28

BY order Of the Board of County Com
missioners.
Attest.
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1900-10-28

Second Precinct, Carson City, Armory
Hall.
Inspectors,-S. II. Day, Geo. E. Kitz-
meyer and Willard Catlin.
Ballot Clerks,-W. II. Cowan and
c. II. Peters.
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1900-10-28

First Precinct,-Carson City, Curr.
Engine House.
Inspectors,-E. James. w. D. Cottrel
and G. II. Maish.
Ballot ClerkS.-Frank Helm and J. W
Holbrook.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1900-10-18

/ BEEHIVE that this nation Is the
hope Of the world. ] believe that
the Declaration Of Independence
was the grandest document ever,
penned by human hands. The
truths of that declaration are con-
densed into four great PROPOSE
tons: That all men are created
equal; that they are endowed with
inalienable rights; chat govern
ments are instituted among mon
to preserve those rights, and that
governments derive their just
powers from the consent Of the
governed. Such q government is
impossible under an industrial
aristocracy. Place the food and
clothing, all that we eat and wear
and use, in the hands of q few
people, and instead Of being a gov
eminent of the people it will be a
government of the syndicates by
the syndicates, and for the syndi-
dates.-W. J. Bryan.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1900-10-18
POOLING THE FARMER.

The republicans have bought
up leading agricultural papers and
are sending them out to every
farmer in the land as sample cop
les. They are loaded with stuff
supporting the republican poll
cies, and lying and misleading
statement about trade and the i'm
proved condition of agriculture
without mentioning the word rep
ublican, and under the guise and
pretence of being strictly neutral
agricultural papers. The Ameri.
can Farmer, of Indianapolis is, one
of these sheets. This paper was
bought by a syndicate headed by
Mark Hanna and to which he
subscribed $4,000 and other sub.
scribers are Perry Heath, JOSEPH
81. Brigham, Senator Fairbanks
and other leading republicans,
and Joseph 81. Brigham, present
assistant U. S. secretary of agri.
culture, is president of the com.
pany and editor. They are dis.
tributing 100000 copies and en-
ploy the best republican editors
in the country to load it down
with misleading articles. This is
just as bad stealing as any other
kind of robbery which has been
practiced by Mark Hanna and
his followers.