The Bemidji pioneer., 1900-05-17
DAIRY AND POULTRY.
CHAPTERS FOR
OUR RURAL READERS.
How successful Farmers Operate This
Department. OF tho Farm--A Few
Hints ms to the Care OF Live stock
and Poultry.
Dairy Notes.

Il a 3 y sE Ir
It Is generally estimated that a
quart Of milk weighs two pounds But
this is only approximate. Getting
down to a scientific basis we find that
1t is safe to figure quart at 2.15
pounds One so-called authority re-
duces it to a finer basis than this, and
figures cubic foot OF milk at 641a
pounds. A cubic foot will make 7.495
gallons, and, taking this as basis,
we have the weight Of one gallon as
8.6224, and carrying out the division
we have the weight Of quart, 2.156
pounds. But milk rich in cream
would weigh less than milk contain
| ing little cream, for the reason that
the cream is lighter than the other
elements in the milk.
It is safe to assume that for the
| next ten years at least the South will
| be unable to do much In dairying. Yet
The South presents a magnificent field
for the development Of market for
dairy goods. It has been growing in
that respect, and will continue to
grow. Ultimately the dairy industry
will take firm root these, but that time
is yet a good ways off. In spite of the
steady demand in the South for dairy
products, there Is no general move
ment for local increase Of dairy pre-
duction This is illustrated by the alb
sence of dairy associations OF any
strength, such as exist In the North.
We may feel certain that If the dairy
men Of the North develop the market
named they will be able to control #
for good many years to come.
Now is the time to consider the
adyisability of sowing something to
serve as green food for the cows a
little later. Enough should be soWn
to make the feeding period as long DIS
possible, Usually, where soiling crops
are grown to help the cows over the
drouth, the period of feeding is too
short. It should generally be begun
before It Is, This early beginning with
the soiling crop both saves the pas
ture and prevents the falling off in the
milk flow. AS to kind to grow for
the cows, 1t is unnecessary to advise.
Every farmer has found out for him-
self what kind he can grow to best
advantage. To the farmer that has
not fixed upon the most serviceable
crop to him, we would say, "Try all
and hold fast to the best
|.1 IL
We do not like to criticise, but we
can hardly help noticing the following.
which appears in an eastern exchange:
Last week a young stock enthusiast
visited his grandfather. He spent
most Of his time In the COW stable
brushing and fussing with the cows,
making them more comfortable. From
the next days milk from six cows
there were made two more pounds OF
butter than usual, and they continued
to respond to the extra care and lux
ury OF good brushing. Another proof
that care pays" We think that mos.
OF our dairy readers will smile at the
statement Remember, the two extra
pounds are supposed to have been
made from one days milk. Now, we
all recognize the fact that comfort
helps to make good results possible,
but the above is beyond all reason.
Process butter is having hard time
OF 1t in New York, where it is said
the law against It is being rigidly en-
forced. In many Of the other states
the stuff has clear field. IN some OF
them there are laws that presume to
prevent the sale of process butter, but
they are so faulty that the officials find
1t impossible to enforce them. In
some of the other states, as in Illinois,
the sale of process butter is legal. One
thing is certain. and that is that
process butter should be sold as such
and not as creamery butter. It is re-
ported from Oregon that a large Chi
cago company has been selling process
butter there contrary to law. When
some of the violations came into court
the plea made by the agents OF the
company was that the butter was
simply on hand. but was not for sale,
and that the salesman made a mistake
IN dtsposing Of it. That Is very
remarkable plea. Process butter
shipped all the way from Chicago to
Oregon, and not for sale! Yet that
plea must have been made under
oath. 1t illustrates how easily and
complacently certain great commercial
companies commit perjury through
the mouths of their agents.
-. Poultry Notes.
Let no man expect phenomenal re-
turns from his poultry. He has no