davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19
GODS OF The BRAVES
RICH IN MYTHOLOGY OF
RED MEN
INDIAN PANTHEISM COMPLEX


AbOrigines Ascribed Supernatural
Powers to Everything They Could
Not Understand-The Number of
Gods Limited Only by the Powers
OF the Native Imagination-Gods
Made Their Homes in the Hills.
The Indian has many deities. To him
everything is "Wakan.' The mysterious
and unknown is ruled by gods or deities
of greater or less ''Wakan.' Anything
that is superhuman, mysterious or super
natural, is ''Walkan."
The Black Hills, from an Indian point OF
view, is the home of the gods, from
whom all power originates. The wind
and the lightning are sent forth from
the dark recesses Of the mountains and
the very foundations Of the hills are
made to tremble, when the Great Spirit
gives vent to his anger. The old Indian
tradition says that the Great Spirit sits
upon the highest mountain in the Black
Hills, supposed to. be Harney's peak. and
from this exalted position, he directs the
movements of the lesser gods and his
own people. In his pleasant moods, he
causes the sun to shine, the grass to
grow and the Indian tribes to be at peace
with one another. In his angry moments.
he lets loose the winds and lightning and
the world Is made dark and the children
of the Great Spirit are punished by FAM
Inc and death.
Many years ago, the Great Spirit kept a
white man chained beneath the big
mountain Tho man tracpa Good 11non +hA
chosen hunting ground of the children
of the Great Spirit and he was forthwith
captured and made example Of before all
other trespassers of the palefaees. The
white man was giant, whose footprints
in the sands were twenty feet long and
he was so powerful in his right arm
that he could break the buffalo's back
and could twist from its roots the lofty
pine; yet the Great Spirit ruled him.
PRIMITIVE RAINMAKER
The Great Spirit had good many lesser
deities. who were given power over ami
tnals and things. Onketri was the god Of
water. This deity In outward appear
ence resembled an OK, being much larg>
er. A great part of the religion of the
Indians came from the wakan influence
of this god. There are both male and
female. the former having control of the
water and the earth beneath the water
and the latter having an influence over
the land by the side Of the water. When
the god of water wants rain to fall he
lifts his tail and horns to the clouds ana
Immediately the rain falls. Onketri as
sumes an important part in the juggling
and superstitious beliefs of the Indians.
The medicine men obtain their super
natural power from this source. The
god and goddess are mortals and can
propagate their kind. They have power
to impart from their bodies a mighty
wakan influence.
Cha-o-ter-dah is the god. Of the forest.
his. home is at the foot of the highest
mountain, and he lives most Of the time
in the top Of the highest tree on the
mountain top. His companions are the
birds of the air., who act as guards and
sentineis. When he wants anything he
flies to his perch in the treetop, which is
as smooth as glass. He calls together
his friends and sends them hitler and
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19

tlither. He Is In constant war with the
god of thunder, Wah-keen-yon. When
.Wah- kenyon passes over the mountain
top, casting here and there his bolts of
lightning, Cha-o-ter-dah, the god Of the
forest, enters the water at the foot Of
theetree, and the lightning cannot touch
him.
MIGHTY SPIRIT.
To the Indian, Wah-keen-yon Is a
mighty bird, and the noise that is made,
which shakes the foundations of the
mountains. is caused by the big bird fly
ing through the air with his young ones.
The old bird will not injure the Indians,
but the young birds are foolish and do all
the harm they can. The name Wah-keen-
yon signifies a flyer. There are four va
1ieties of gods among the Wah-keen-yon.
The image of the first one Is that Of a
great bird black In color, with a very
long beak and four joints in each pinon.
The second variety is yellow in color,
beakless, and also has four joints in his
pinions. The fourth god has remarkably
long wings, each of them containing eight
Joints 1t is scarlet in color. The fourth
god is blue in color, and has no face, eyes
or ears. Immediately above where the
face should appear is a semi-circular line,
resembling an inverted half moon.
The Wah-keen-yon gods live on the top
of a lofty mountain at the western edge
of the earths- surface. Guards stand at
the open doors, which look out to the
four points of the compass. A butterfly
stands at the east door, a bear at the
west door; at the north door reindeer
and a beaver at the south. The Wah-
Kenyon are destructive and are at war
with most Of the other gods The Indians
believe that the fossil remains of the
rnastodons that are found so frequently
in the bad lands are the bones Of the
fallen god Of water, and the burial places
are held as most sacred. When the white
man discovered these remains, and,
knowing their origin commenced exca-
waiting them for rare relics, the Indians
resented this Invasion of the burial
ground Of their gods.
GOD OF GRASS.
Whitte-ko-kak- gah is the god of the
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19
ANDRADE A PATRIOT.

Says He Left Venezuela for the Good
of the Country.
HAVANA, Feb. 1S.-Gen. Ignacio An
drade, former president Of Venezuela,
who is now in Havana, said today:
81 left Venezuela for the good Of my
country, as it was claimed that T was
the cause Of the revolution. AS the rev.
olution continues. 1 can scarcely have
been the sole cause. I confess that
don't know the precise cause Of the war.
BY some it has been attributed to the d.
vision Of the country into two states by
congress. This the revolutionists pre-
tend to consider UNCONSTITUTIONAL but
they have themselves maintained that d.
vision"
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19

and an at s4s!H sls for sixty days; post
$4:S3A@4S3M.. Silver certificates, 5s%@
60s4c; bar silver, 594lc; Mexican dollars,
4I5hc.
MINNEAPOLIS Minneapolis.
Feb. H.-New York exchange Saturday:
Buy1ng rate. Soc discount: selling rate
par; Chicago. exchange. buying rate $50
discount, selling rate 2c premium; Lon
don, sixty-day sterling, $4.SS1k
TREASURY sTATEMEN51T-w Washing
ton. Feb. H.-Today's treasury statement:
Available cash balances. $685. .002: gold
BERLIN BANK STATEMENT-Berlin,
Feb. 1.-THE weekly statement of the
Imperial Bank of Germany shows the fol-
lowing changes: Cash In hand, 27.740. 900
marks; treasury notes. increase, 10, 760, 900
marks; other securities, decrease. A. $780,
600 marks; notes in circulation, decrease,
80, 40 600 marks.
FOREIGN FINANCIAL-New York.
Feb. 1.-THE Commercial Advertisers
London financial cablegram says: 1.-THE
wires were still interrupted today, and
hence little business was done In the mar
ket here today. The tone was firm, al
though Cronte's escape, with all his artiI-
lery,- was disliked. Americans were
steady"
BANK CLEARINGS.
St. Paul, s616,7OO06
Minneapolis, 1869. 4A ~
Chicago, $20016, $685. {s.e'
New York, S199 461, sos.
Boston, $50, 49, IA
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19
n1IT,UTH GRAIN.

DULUTH. Mimi. Feb . l7-m - ngea WITHIN Within
lions of the market t9day ,ransTT 81 onaned
Unchanged l han at &c. sold at that price Until until
at 81 SIC e Cash sales were 5000 pu n at laa
under May Cash sales-aes9oso o ~, has fsihc
eooe b ouI ssssc No northern, cars sga
lax, Loo bu, si5A WheatmN Sa h Ma
cash. s7c bid to arrive Sase p 49, No hid
Ma Nav s7zsc bid; July. sc bid; No. NORTH
er 1,s sac 81 &C. No. spring, Boasc; oats, 249
Ss1lc; rye, 53c; barley, s4@s7e; fax ca aa,
~ bid; May. Sissy bid; septMemhe eef
81 10 bid corn. S2ssc bid Eecei Ess NV, h bar.
lev. 724 bu; flax. l7S bu, sfhipmentts-Noene.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19

grass and weeds. The word. translated
means ito make crazy" The god Is
weed himself, and he has the power OF
giving whomsoever he will fits which
make them crazy. The god has the figure
of man In his right hand he carries
a rattle of deer hoofs. with sixty-four
deer claws. In his left hand he carries
a bow and arrow From his cap streams
of lightning flow, so bright that they
dazzle the wild animals. In his mouth
he has whistle, which IL used in the
dance to invoke the assistance OF tho
Great Spirit when the Indians have had
bad luck in hunting.
Wa-hun-de-dan Is the goddess Of war.
She is always invoked when the Indians
go to battle. She is represented with
hoofS on her arms, and as many of these
as she throws at the feet of each warrior,
indicates the number of scalps that will
be returned to the camp by the warrior.
If the party is to have poor luck, the
goddess will throw to the ground as many
arrows as there will be warriors wound
ed or killed.
One of the greatest and most rever-
enced gods Is Tah-koo- shkan -shkan, who
is invisible, but all peryading. He is In
the spear and the tomahawk, in boulders
and in the four winds. He delights to see
the warriors fall In battle. He Is the
most dreaded god of the Indians. He oil
reefs the movements Of the fox. raven,
buzzard, wolf and other animals of SINH
lar nature
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19


NEW YORK. Feb. 17.-Attention today
conferred almost wholly. in the weekly
The public continued to hold aloof from
the market. and buying and selling were
entirely in the hands Of professional trad
side of the market. in anticipation Of tbs
weak bank return which had been clear
ly foreshadowed by the record Of the sub
treasury operations for the week, by the
domestic centers, and by yesterdays pre-
liminary estimates by the banks them
selves Of the currency movement for the
week AS is the invariable rule where
a condition has been accurately foreSeen
and discounted, the event brings reaction,
due to the taking of speculative profits,
either on the long or the short side of the
market.
In today's market the bears started to
cover their short contracts after the
bank statement, and worked a sharp
rally, Some stocks were attacked anew in
the final dealings, making the close IT.
regular, but the list was firm at the rally.
The bears found Pacific Mail vulnerable
to further attacks. and had some success
| with Peoples Gas, but Third Avenue Of
fered some resistance. A large selling or
der was detected in National Steel, and
that stock was offered down u, causing
sympathetic declines in number of 9TH
fell an extreme "a. National Steel raj
lied, but dropped again to the lowest, and
American Hoop fell suddenly an extreme
IL from the final dealings.
The developments in the money situa-
|, ton may account for the weakness In the
iron industrials. as they are still looked
upon with disfaVor by bankers and
money lenders aszcollateral. The decrease
I in the cash account OF the bank con-
formed very closely to preliminary esti-
mates, and the loan expansion of $13,6M,
200 created no great surprise, In view of
the recent tendency and the known pres-
sure for accommodation In all depart
ments- of the business world. sl.ss=s-
bond market, although prices were not
fully maintained at all points. United
States new As advanced n and old As and
IS y in hid price.
STOCK QUOTATIONS.
Furnished by Charles H. F. Smith s.
Co., members of the New York Stock eX-
change, Pioneer Press building, who have
direct wires to Chicago and New York.
Closing prices are bid:
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19
STEAMER REPORTED ASHORE

neutrality-suspicious. Ship, Graf Wal
dersee, In Distress.
NEW YORK. Feb. 1S.-It Is reported
that the Hamburg American Graf Wal
dersee is aground in the bay.
The steamer Graf Waldersee was re-
ported being seen aground near buoy No.
5. by Capt Sullivan, of the government
steamer Ordnance, on his arrival from
Sandy Hook at New York. Capt. Sulli-
van passed the stranded steamer on the
way to New York, after leaving Sandy
Hook at 2:3O p. m.
The thick snow prevents anything be-
ing seen tonight from Sandy Hook, and
1t is not known whether or not the liner
f1oated off with. the high tide.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19
Imports and Exports.

NEW YORK. Feb 1S.-Exports Of
gold and silver from the port of New
York to all countries for the week ag-
gregate s795,370 silver bars and coin and
week were s11,017 gold and sS8029 silver.
The Imports Of dry goods and mer-
cEandise at the port of New York tfif
week were valued at SIC. 772
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19
DIED In AGONY.

Cree Indians Given Wood Alcohol
by Mistake.
BUTTE. Mont, Feb. 18.-some of Q
band Of Cree Indians camped near town
came to the city to get quantity Of al
cofol. By mistake they were given wood
alcohol Three Of the band. two bucks
and squaw, drank It. They all died in
great agony.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19
MANY GODS.

The Indians have as many gods and god
desses as there are imaginative minds In
the tribe. Anything that is out OF the or
binary or that appeals to the Imagination
is a god.
f, Contrary to the opinion SO generally
held, the Black Hills were never the
home of the Indians. Influenced by the
everpresent superstition, the Indian
tribes held in reverence the pine-covered
mountains and deep canyons, believing
them to be the home Of their deities. The
early pioneers in the Black Hills found
evidence that the Indians frequently
came to the foothills for tepee poles and
firewood, but beyond an imaginary line
the tribes rarely ventured. 1t Is rot to
be wondered at, perhaps, that the In
dams fought so bravely to retain posses
sion of the Black Hills. To them the
country was as sacred as the white man s
heaven. The Indian battles IN the 'los
around and in the Black Hills were bat
ties of a nation against foreign people,
who sought to dethrone and destroy
religion. Many of the Indians of today,
surrounded as they are by the civiHza-
ton of the whites. still hold in reverence
the lofty peaks and the deep canyons OF
the "Pa-Ha-Sap-Pa.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19
THOUGHT HIM DEAD.
Iowan who Disappeared Ten Year.

IOWHn WHO DIsappenFed Ten Z eHFB
Ago Returns Home.
SIOUX CITY, Feb. 18.-Frank Crane. OF
Wakefield, Neb., who disappeared ten
years ago and was supposed to have
been murdered, has turned up alive. He
gives no cause for his disappearance.
He has been in Central and South Ameri-
ca. He returns to stop some family Hti-
cation.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19
LIVE STOCK MARKETS.

SOUTH ST. PAUL, Feb. 1.-THE re-
ceipts at the Union stock yards TO-DAY
festimated) were:,- Cattle, -7S; calves zo'
hogs 800; sheep, 80; ears. 25.zEzl Z N sl.t 2
The official receipts Friday Werea. Sae-
tie. 81 calves IL; hogs, lOSo,8 sheep, l'ie''
cars, %.
The following table shows the roaos
over which Fridays receipts came IN anu
the number Of loads hauled by 'eacn:
Cattle. Hogs. Sheep. Mixed.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19
WHEAT SHOWS A LOSS1
DIFFERENCE LIN PRICES is NOT
GREAT, BUT PROVES RATHER
DIsAPP0TNTTNG
CORN SHARES IN DEPRESSION

Showed Some spurtsaof Strength, but
Soon Weakened With Wheat
Oats Ruled About NominaI-Stock
Market Is Again In a Rather Puz-
cling Condition British Success
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19
CATTLE.


Comparative receipts:
Total for today (estimat ted ........... 100
A week ago.. ......................... Of
A year ago. Il
Quotations.: Choice butcher cows and
thin cows and Gamers ss250aS0; choice
butcher steers, $5@5. rs ssfair to good, $425
OATS; fat bulls. SsQ35o: bologna bulls,
$2.5093; veal calves. $4.5eQ6.d0 choice stock
cows and heifers, SS@35a; fair to good,
81 500275; common and tai1ings, ALSO
ESQ; heifer calves. s3@sI5a choice stock
ers ' and feeders. ssso@a 81 fair to good,
So 2503.60; common and tailings, $2500
S.25; steer calves, So Hsa4.5e: stock and
feeding bulls, $2.50@S. ~ stays and oxen,
So 750350 mixers and springers, s26@40.
Receipts were light hardly enough to
make a market. Quite a little butcher
stuff of fair to good duaiity was among
the offerings and sold fully steady. Stock
cattle offerings were flight with only q
few scattering head better than fair. No
quotable change in PRICES.
representatives. sales; -
,to1r nd
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19

The receipts thus far in February, COM
pared with the same period in FEBRUARY
1000 ora oa falIOwS.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19
The receipts thus far this year, com
pared with the same period In 1899, are as

Comparative receiptSS coo
Total for today (estimated) ........... i,o 01o
A year ago.. 49, "a 7 SSS
Quotations: Mixed and butchers Sf.ie cSe
good to prime light, $4.75@4:S0; stays and
boars, S2.5O@375; pigs, So 75@l4
Receipts were nearly double the CORE r e.
spending day a year ago; me marn ,sd
opened strong with good demand ana
closed strong at sc higher. Butchers sold
at s4 T1k@4.S5 and lights at S475Q4.So.
Local butchers paid $4.S5 for few prime
sorted lights. Representative sales:
Mixed and Butchers
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19
MONEY RULED STOCKS.
Attention Conferred I'm Weekly State
ment of Banks.

Close. Day.
Bar silver, New York ..........59& 59%
Call money, New York. Nominal 202K
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19
STOCK QUOTATIONS.

Furnished by Charles H. F. Smith s.
CO., members of the New York Stock eX-
direct wires to Chicago and New York.
Closing prices are bid:
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1900-02-19

1bOrigines Ascribed Supernatural
Powers to Everything They Could
Not Understandable Number of
Gods Limited Only by the Powers
of the Native Imagination-Gods
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1900-10-11
MATRIMONY AND SUCCESS.
Max O'Rell on the Question, Does
Marriage Help A MANI"


Max ORell, the well-known writer
and lecturer, discusse as follows in
the New York Journal the interesting
question, Does Marriage Help a
MANI"
Does marriage help man?
Well, if he marries a rich wife, of
course it does; but. you see, money
helps, wherever it comes from, and
so we must put this consideration out
of the question altogether.
Let us also say, and at once, too,
that if a man finds happiness in mat
rimony marriage will help him. what
ever his position may be; but happi
ness, too, helps, wherever it comes
from. and so we must put this con-
sderation out of the question also.
And, before answering the question,
or, rather, before presenting argu-
ments both in the affirmative and in
the negative, we must examine the
different positions that man may
occupy in life,
In commercial pursuits marriage
will help a man If money-making is
the chief concern of his life an at
tentive, interested and saving wife
viii enable a man to devote all his
mind to business, and, by q careful
management of her house, will also
enable him to amass wealth.
If a man holds a post of responsi.
bility-a government one, for ex-
ample, in the diplomatic service, in
the civil service, in the church, in
the university professions wife
possessed of attractive charms,
amlable and tactful will help him, for
let us remember that In England as
well as in all countries where it is
sought to always appoint the right
man in the right place before decid-
ing on a candidate for any i'm
portant vacant post, the first question
that is asked Isl What kind of a wife
has he got? The kind OF wife that
will help such a man is the one that
viii help him socially and diplomat.
cally. by wirepulling, if you like
Now, If interviewers set any value
on their comfort-nay, on their lives
II advise them TO avoid this topic.
for the question is not only a very
big one. but a very uncomfortable one
indeed considering that the very men
who are called upon to answer il must
put down a little conversation ! quite
recently had m the subject over a cup
Of tea with charming English lady
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1900-10-11
A WONDERFUL GLOBE
ONE OF THE SIGHTS AT THE
PARIS FAIR.
GEOGRAPHICAL A GLANCE
Remarkable Conveniences Offered for
Learning Much Of the Earth's Sur
face-But Wierd Subterranean
Pit Is Still Greater Source Of
Wonderment.

The great globe, which is feature
Of the Paris exposition, differs vastly
from the first outlines given to the
public originally. The idea Of con-
structing a railroad about this repro
duction of the world was given up, and
instead elevators and stairways run to
nine tiers or floors. from each Of which
a section Of the globe can be seen. It
is thus possible to follow the equator
ial line, the temperate. or the arctic
and anarctic circles and make a thor
ough study of the earth's surface.
The globe was guilt by T. Ruddlman
Johnston on a scale of l in 100000 Of
the actual size of the earth, or roughly
one-eighth of an inch to the mile. 1t
measures "a feet in diameter, and has
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1900-10-11

petizing after the refreshments of
more congenia. climes. To regale
himself on the national beverages, on
the smoked and melted snow, on de-
coction of herbs in milk, on oil OBJ
tanned from fish, or on barley water
favored with tallow. and. if circum-
stances will permit, the blood of rein
deer would be the last resource of the
thirsty.
Below this region of snow. with its
vast ice palaces, it's polar bears, its
seals, its icebergs, beneath this land OF
pigmy humanity, is the sea. This vast
sea is full of life. Miniature ships OF
all nations. from the brown-sailed
iunks of China to the British man-of-
war, are floating in the water. Finny
monsters come lazily forward to stare
at each intruder, curious fish dart
hither and thither among the coral
banks and the exquisite flora OF the
ocean deep
1t becomes necessary to undergo a
terrible ordeal. These waters have 20
be explored. If the diving suit is too
formidable, one cannot, at least, refuse
an excursion in a torpedo boat. In
fact, it is relief that below the sea
the shaft does not penetrate to where
the interior fires of the earth are burn.
ing. Otherwise the cooking for the
restaurants of the Champs des Mars
might have been performed cheaply
and conveniently over subterranean
fires.
The visitor. terrified at the enter
prise he has undertaken; the visitor
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1900-10-11

a surface area Of $4,000 feet. Some
idea of the vastness of the work is con-
veyed by the fact that If the material
composing the covering were unrolled
it would form band one foot in width
and four miles in length. In order
that the globe may be properly in
spected it is surrounded by a circular
wall. round which runs a series of gal
leries. The globe itself revolves slow
ly, thus permitting the spectator to
view every part.
Every place of any note is given ana
all towns of 5000 inhabitants, while
larger towns are marked according to
scale. Various colors are employed to
distinguish between sea and land, for
est and desert, while every zone has a
different shade. The ocean and wind
currents, the differences of atmos-
pheric pressure and of temperature
and the variations of the magnetic
needle are all given, together with the
distribution of the various races ofman-
kind and the worlds fauna and fora.
No branch of geography, therefore, in
the widest meaning of the word, is
neglected, and a proper study of the
globe should in itself form a liberal
education
Mineral Point tribune. (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1869-1938, 1900-10-11

who has been flying in the air one mo
ment, and the next hobnobbing with
the fish, is already anxious to leave
the shaft. and to find himself once
more upon terra irma. The rabbit
hole, which led Alice to her Wonder
land, was, in fact, insignificant beside
this pit.