davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28
YNOTICIAs DEL OLA

Sc ha concedido seis meses de pr6rroga &
los espanOles residences en- Filipinas para
que puedan inscribirse como ciudadanOs de
Espana.
Hemos Sido atentamente invitados para
el actO de la toma de possession del Goberna-
dor Civil Mr. Charles H. Allen, que tendra
lugar ell dia 10 de Mayo en- eli Palac;o de
Santa Catalina, las diez de la maflana.
Quedamos muy agradecidos la atenci6n.
El Tribunal Supreme de Justicia ha die
tado sentencia declarando no haber lugar al
recurso de casaci6n por infracci6n de Ley,
interpuosto por los procesados Daniel Nal.
donado, Manuel Garcia, Cirilo Lopez Mo-
destO Morales, contra la sentencia del Tri.
bnnal de Distrite de San Juan en- la causa
criminal seguida contra ellOs pOr robo con
intimidation, a qulenes Sc condena en- las
cOStaS.
Sc encuentran en- esta ciudad los seiores
CarreraS y Escalona, de Juana Diaz, que
han yenido solicitar del Gobernador Ge
neral Davis algunos medios para mejorar la
precsria situaci6n que atraviesan aquel pue.
bio : sus jurisdicciones.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

OWtCOS t"EpOItXUOTSS eH CU GSCN
HERNAIZ Y CO., TetGan IL, y LA LUZ
ELECTRICA, San Francisco 30. 3s
En- ell Vapor sCiudad de Cadiz~ llegaron
procedentes de Espana los paSajerOs siguien-
ties Rosa Bonnin, Miguel Fuster, joaquin
Jarque, Miguel AguayO, Dolores Lara, Ri
carda Agaayo, Juan N. Nernay, Carmen
Ramos, Manuel Vicente y familia, Amalia
Rodriguez Carceedo, Ana Aguayo, Ga.
briel Ferrer.
Ha llegadO Ponce, procedente de la
America del sur, ell violinlsta puertorriuue.
no don Averano Colon.
Ha embarcado en- Ponce para los Estados
Unidos la sonora esposa de don Santiago
Oppenheimer.
Sc dice que en- Yabucoa hubo una con.
tienda entire tortole1os gente del pueblo,
resultando muerto uno de aquellOs.
Ell alcalde de Mayagiiez ha dispuesto que
Sc instale ell alumbrado electrico en- ell teatro
de aquella pOblaci6n.
Han contraidO matrimonio en- Mayagiiez
ell LcdO. en- Farmacia don Juan b. Massa-
net y la seiorita Rosa Maria Ramirez.
Sc encuentra algo mas restablecidO de su
enfermedad don Vicente Pagan, de Maya
giiez.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

el incendio en- ambas ciudades, prir
cipalmente en- la de Hull.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28
EN- Ia cAIAsTRGEE

Gigaltescas piras de MADEIRA de
CONSTRUCTION fleron destruidas por
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28


Sc ha visto en- juico oral en- Guayama la
causa seguida contra Leocadio Amaro Mar
tlnez Cayitol, por homicidio de Sandalio
Santiago Delgado, cuyo hecho Ocurri6 en-
aqueila poblaci6n la noche del IL al 13 de
FebrerO de este ailG. Oomparecieron & de.
clarar IS testigOs tres peritos m6dicos, du.
rante las seSioRes de este juicio todo ell dia
26 de Abril. Ell senior Fiscal sOsruyo como
definitivas Sus conclusiones proviSionales en-
|que calificaba ell delito de homicidio apre.
clandOla atenuante de no intenci6n de eau.
sar an NAL tan grande, pedfa para ell acusa.
do la pena de IL amos de reclusi6n temporal.
La detensa del REQ, cargo del senior Ber.
nardlni, sOlicit6 la absoluci6n por falta de
|pruebas. La votaci6n de la sentercia tuyo
lugar en- la Audiencia ell siguieLte dia, & las
0cno de La nalana, y p0r unanimidad el
Tribunal declare probado que despues de
una dispnta hablda en- ell Cafetin de Manuel
Vasquez, entire el acusado ell interfecto, la
que cOntinuar0n en- Ia calle con mas calor.
donde ell interfectO con Obstinaci6n marcada
lnvitaba pelear al acusadO diciendO que
tambi6n 81 era ''Caja", y no pudiendo evitar
mas les que les acOmpanaban, Sc fuer0n
las manos, trs bandOse en- lucha, sin armas,
el acusado die IN gClpe en- el vientre al inter
fecto que le prsdujo la rotura de una arteria
del vase y subsiguieEte hemorragia, causa de.
Ia muerte los poCos instantes. El Tribu
nal apreci6 en- favor del acusado, ademas de
Ia atenuante sefialada por ell ssnOr Fiscal,
Ia dc proVocaci6n Immediate por parte Gel
Ofenuido, condenandole la pena de seis
amos y un dia de prisi6n mayor, con indem
nizaci6n de 600 dollars 4 los herederos del
muerto.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

Luisa, ha cstado en- esta Capital proveyen.
dose de un gran surtido de juguetes, con
objeto ds regalarlos los niioS en- eI ma.
tinee que tsndra lugar en- Arecibo inafana
domingo.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

FL Gobernador General de Cuba telegra-
flo 81 10 del actual el Secretario de Ia Cue.
IRA de los Estados Unidos participandole
que el dia 18 de JUNO pr6ximo empesarSn
las slecciones en- Ia Gran Antilla.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

Don Luis Martinez Casado, representative
de la companfa dramatca de su hermana
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

Aver las tres del ia tarde tuvo conoci-
miento un guardia de la policfa municipal,
que la vecina de Puerta de TERRA, Amparo
Penalosa, Sc encontraba en- la casa ndmero
A del Callej6n de las Monjas con sfntomas
de envenenamiento, consecuencia de ha-
berse tornado uua G6sis de laddano. Mott.
ficado Ell Juzgado de Cathedral, Sc constituy6
en- ID expresada casa, y despu6s de practical
das las primeras diligencias orden6 su ingre-
so en- Ell hospital, pasando q 6l la citada Pc
falOsa en- estado de gravedad.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

Han sido puestos en- libertad por haber
cumplido su condcna en- el Preside Depar-
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

Por haberSe declarado feriado ell dia 10 de
Mayo, les sehalamientoS que el Tribunal
que actda en- Guayama tenfa hechos para
ese dia, los ha transferido para ell siguiente.
habilitandose las horas que tueren necesa.
rias.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

Varios obreros que trrabajan en- la calle
de San Jose, ndmero %, estuvieron aver
punto de ser vfctimas de una desgracia,
no ser por la destreza que tuvieron en- los
momentos en- que Sc cay6 un andamio.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

En- Mayagiez rineron dos individuos con
tan mala suerte que Sc teme que uno de
ellOs pierda un ojO
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28
-DA-
-VJELTA-

LIE Havre. -.-.16IP Port-au Prince. .1S
Bordeaux ...--. 19I Gap Haitien. :. ..15 .
Santander 80. .2OlPorto Plata. .16
Saint Thomas. 3ISan Juan, p. R,.I7
San Juan, P. B.. 4ISaint Thomas. .10
Porto Plata -. 6lSantander ....2r
Gap Haitien. :. 7ILe Havre.
Port-au-PrinCe.. 81
La Compafifa Sc reserva, no obs
tante, la facultad de omihr 8 supril
mir la referida escala de Santandd
cuando, a su iuicio, no So reunai
pasaje Y carga sufcientes.
u La Companfa ha acordado1
hacer una importante rebaja en- los
orecios de pasajes para Santander.
j. T. Silva y ca,
Agentes principales.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

Estan vacantes dos plazas de la Policia
municipal de Vieques, dotadas con el habel
anual de $50 dollars.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28
A AVISO

Los vapores -correos de la COMPANfA
TRASATLANTICA ESPANOLA, du-
rante la 6poca cuarentenaria de Mayo a
Septiembre, seguiran como hasta ahora sus
viajes para Cadiz J Barcelona. 3O-1S
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28
AVlSO A NUESTROS LECT0RES

Durante tOdO el tempo de Ia Exposition
Universal de Paris, en- 1900, los lectores
de nuestro peri6dico haIlaran la collection
completa, que estara q su disposition, en-
casa de nuestros cOrresponsales en- Paris,
los selOres Mayence, Favre s. O., Direc.
torres del .'Comptcir International de Pu-
blicite," Is, rue de la Grange -BateIi6-e. 4
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

Ante el Tribunal de Distrito de Maya
giiez ha debido celebrarse aver, la vista en-
juicio Oral, de las causas instrufdas contra
Agustin Robert Montalvo, por el suluesto
dellto de allanamiento; y AIejandrO Mar
COS Clausell, pOr el de caIumnia.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

tamental, los confnados Vicente Perez.
Mateo Colon Ortiz J Manuel Figueroa.
Ha tornado puerto en- laImahana de hoy
procedente de Europa y st. Thomas, el va
pOr aleman s'SardiniaD.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

Ha sido detenido en- Ell depGsito munici
pal y puesto disposition del Juzgado &c
San Francisco, ell indivfduo Alfonso Sierra
mo, por supon6rSele autor del robo de un
reloj de plata con colgante del mismo metal,
de la propiedad de don Pedro Urbiztondo.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28
MERCADO De NUEVA YORK

Nueva York, Abril %
Harina de Trigo "Tum-
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

Los juicios OraIes anunciadOs para hoy
en- Ell Tribunal de Distrito de esta capital,
fueron suspendidos hasta nuevo seflalamien.
to. <.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28
SOmbrerOS de
Panama

Unicos inpOrtadOres en- la SSza
HERNAIz Y CO., TetGan IL, y LA Luz
ELECTRICA, San Francisco 30. 3s
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

Sc dice que en- Yabucoa hubo una con.
tienda entre tortolenos gente del pueblo
resultando muerto uno de aquellos.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

Ell alcalde de MayagIez ha dispuesto que
Sc instale Ell alumbradO electrico en- el teatrC
de aquella poblaci6n.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

Ha embarcado en- Ponce para los Estados
UnidOs la sonora espOsa de don Santiago
Oppenheimer.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

| Ha llegadO Ponce, procedente de la
America del sur, ell violinIsta puertorrique-
no don AVerano Colon.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

En- ell Tribunal de Distrito de esta ciudad,
Sc yeran ell lunes pr6ximo, en- juicio oral, las
causas incOadas contra Santiago Guerrido
Vazquez Otro pOr danes y Desiderio Gar
cla p0r eStafa.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

Ha eEtrad0 q formar parte de la orquesta
del teatro de Ponce, don Fernando Calico.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

Han contraido matrimonio en- Mayagiiez
ell Lcdo. en- Farmacia don Juan B. Massa.
net y la senorita Rosa Maria Ramirez.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-04-28

Sc encuentra algo mas restablecido de 81
enfermedad don Vicente Pagan, de Maya
giiez.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1900-03-20
TESTING A NEW SHELL.
The Isham Projectlle Astonishes &
 Number of Experts.

The first considerable quantity of a high explosive to be fired from an or dinary gun against armor was sent against a 12-inch Haryeyized plate at the Sandy Hook proving grounds re- gently. The projectile was a shell in- vented by Willard s. Isham, carrying 1291a pounds of explosive gelatine and weighing, loaded little more than 1000 pounds. It was fired from an or dinary 12-ineh sea-coast defense gun, with a reduced charge, so that the velocity of the projectile ct the plate was about the same as if it had been fired with full service charge of pow der at distance of two miles. The plate was backed with square oak beams and 20 feet of sand. The beams were so arranged as to represent more strength than the ordinary framing be- hind the armor of battleshfp. To make the test conform yet more to the condition of firing against an armored battleship, the plate was set at an angle of 45 degrees to the line of fire, There is no form of armor-p piercing shell made that will perforate Harvey ized armor plate set at that angle, aud 1t was not expected that the Isham shell would penetrate it. In fact, thera was considerable diversity of opinion as to just what it would do, and a good many persons were interested in the results of yesterdays test. There was still doubt as to what had happened when the testing party started for the scene of the explosion from the firing point. The thick. dark smoke from the explosion of the shell showed that the full energy of<its contents had not been developed, owing to an imperfect detonation. If perfectly detonated, a perfectly white smoke is made. In spite of the imperfect deton. .A the plate of armor was dented in about two inches ard was blown through it's oak backing and through a corner of the big sand pile, F feet from where if had been set up.-New York Sun.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1900-03-20
JUSTICE IN CHINA.
sA Story of u Hung Chang and Would.
 Be Prisoners.

s A Story of u Hung Chang and Would
 Be Prisoners.
 Of Ii Hung Chang nunberless sto- ries are told in Chinese society. Now ! and then one reaches this country through our 2consuls in China On one occasion when the premier was having a bitter fight with some of the more # Conservative members of the tstlng-li- Jamen he. received as a present q mag nificent cake, which he had reason to Suspect contained poison. He put the cake aside and set all his powerful machinery to work to find out who was at the tottom of the plot. The Investigation was partly successful, the frime being traced to three men, ol whom one, at least, was absolutely guilty. Ii had the trio arrested and Brought to his yamen. When they ar lived they were ushered into his pres- 61lce and were received in his eourtli- est manner. The cake was produced, with the remark that tspoliteness for- bade his tasting it until the three Eenerous donors had had an oppoftun- fly to enjoy it's excellence Ii cut the cake and one of his servitora Handed it to the unwilling guests Each took piece, and ate, or pre-. tended to eat it. One crumbled the Z pieces and let them fall upon the floor, but the other two ate calmly, without manifesting any emotion. Ten minu- ufes and the two men began to show symptoms of suffering. Ii smiled be- aignantly and said to the man who had not eaten: .Your wisdom is so great that am compelled to pre- serve your head as souvenir to anscendent genius.' The man was Fsmoyed and promptly decapitated. To the other two the premier remarked: The cake that you are eating is not the one you sent me, but one which I had my cook initiate. The poison from which you are suffering exists only in your imagination. I know of no way to cure your present pain ex. cept by letting you share the same $ fate as your friend wno has just left # the roon." As they were led away N the statesman said to his retinue: Tt IS a pity that man who can eat a deadly corrosive poison with an un- moved eountenanee should 50 misapply the talent wherewith heaven has en- dowad him."
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1900-03-20
FOUR MILLION FOR A YACHT.
Huge Fortunes Sunk In Building sump-
 tuons Pleasure Craft.


 tuous Pleasure Craft.
 The new steam yacht Victoria and Albert, which has been built for the queen at Ienby, will be on completion the handsomest and fastest yacht any British sovereign has possessed. It will rank only second to the emperor of Russia's wonderful yacht, the Polar Star, which is said to have cost close upon a1 1,00O,000 Nothing more lavish ly elaborate than the fitting and deco ration Of the Polar Star could easily be imagined. Money has been drilled into her frame in hundredweights. The decorations of the dining saloon, which will seat 150 guests. cost approximately S100,000. Exquisite paintings by some of the most celebrated artists adorn the saloons and cabins and all the woodwork is elaborately carved. There is fine library and musie-room aboard and beautiful white marble fountain, while some of the ornaments are of the rarest. The Standart, the czar's smaller steam-yacht of 4,306 tens, is much more frequently used than the Polar Star. She costs slight ly over $2,600000. This is only about half the price of the Polar Star, but the Standart is one of the most sump- tuous yachts afoat. There is accom- modation aboard for a crew of 300, twenty officers and eighty passengers. There are three magnificent suites of apartments devoted to tue use of the emperor, empress and doWager e1p- press, a fine library, a billiard-room and music saloon. The dining saloon is paneled in tulipwood; the door handles, finger plates and the lamp fittings are of heavily carved solid sil- yer. There is a fine marble bathroom. with heavy silver fittings, and the walls and doors of the principal cabin are elaborately fnlaid with ivory and mother-of=pearl. So many improve mants and additions have been made to her appointments since she was first completed that she is now worth probably half as much again as she originally cost. The German emperor's S famous steam yacht, the Hohenzollern, of nearly 1000 tons, was, considering her beauty and purpose, a eompara- lively inexpensive vessel, costing con- siderably less than $1.000,000. She has a very beautiful interior and splen- did accommodation for crew and pas sengers alike, and is considered one of the fastest, smoothest-going yachts af1oat
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1900-03-20
Hen and Terrier.

A. " Giehm of Sioux City. Iowa. res .ently purchased a sitting of eggs and placed them under an old hen in his hen-house In the same hen-house lives a terrier. < few days ago the animal gave birth to eight white pup. pies, and they were placed in a box tn the corner. To Inc ast6niabmant of the owner his hen left her thirteen eggs and placed herself in fail charge of the puppies. Sine has been caddling tie tiny pups under her wings and will allow no one to take them away with out 3 great fight. The mother of the pups is on friendly relations with the hen, it would seem, for. she lies on the floor and seems to haze no objection to the foster mother. In the meantime fhe expensive sitting Of eggs spoiled.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1900-03-20
cANG-NEEoLR MACHINES.
One o4 the Many Varieties of Sewing
 Machines Made Nowadays.

Machines Made Nowadays.
 It is a more or less familiar fact that sewing machines are used nowadays for sewing many different materials, as leather, paper, canvas, carpets, rub Der. They are used for making but ss5onholes and sewing on buttons. They afe made of many types and in simply hundreds of varieties for special uses. But it may not be known so common ly that there are many sewing ma chimes now made with more than one needle. The first of these, a two- needle machine, was made in the early eighties, about fifteen years ago. It was used by manufacturers of heavy clothing, perhaps first of all by the overall manufacturers, making seams stronger by putting in two rows of stitching. The utility and economy of the two-needle machine soon became apparent and it came into widespread and diversified use. Whenever two rows of stitching were to be made, two-needle machine was used. A fa- mii1ar illustration of the work is seen in the two parallel lines of stitching running with perfect exactness around the top of 8 shoe vamp. Shirt sleeves are stitched into the body of the shirt on double needle machine the two rows being made in the same time that it would take to make one. Collars and cuffs were stitched on tWo-needle machines, as were q great variety of these things, and later there were pro- duced machines with more than two needles, the first of these coming into nse within five or six years. There are now made sewing machines with as Snany as twelve needles. A twelve Needle sewing machine simply has twelve needles where the ordinary sewing machine would have one. In stead of a single spool of thread on the top of the machine there appears there a rack of twelve spools. There are twelve tension disks The thread from each spool runs through it's own ten sion disk to it's own needle. There are below twelve shuttles, one for each needle When this machine is oper1 ated, it makes twelve rows of stitch ms just as an ordinary machine would make one. The tWeIFe-needIe machines are used chiefly in the manufacture ot eofaets
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1900-03-20
Fbs Coming eaitea states Census.


 4t is net anticipated hat the coming census will show more than ] % per cent increase in the population of the United States for the decade. Immi- aratEen has been small compared with The n4evioils len years, and the birth rate is declining. The 1ncIeaae rom fQ7o to 1880 was over 90 per cent. I'm migration during the first half of the s,axf decade was enormous, and yet the Porter census for 1890 showed an in- sraase in the ten years Of only 24.8 per rent. H. T. Newcomb. 3 statistieian of tha,sgricultnral department. estimates |for ext year 2 population of II 4800 0oO, which would be an increase over 1890 ny less than 1a per cent.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-04-20

The fourth quarterly conference of
the Wyoming district committee of the
Primitive Methodist church was held
in the Primitive Methodist church of
this place yesterday in order to trans
act business pertaining to the annual
conference that convenes in Tamaqua
the first week in May. Rev. NJ. Harvey
was elected chairman and Rev. w. H.
Holder, secretary. Reports from sta
lions in the district betoken an ener-
getic spirit among the parishioners.
as well as pastors, with the exception
of promptly returning missionary
money. This question evoked consid-
cradle argument in regard to the man
ner of collecting. The pastors were
instructed to urge the workers to have
missionary exercises as soon as possi-
BILE and forward the money at once.
Reports show that the increase in men,
bership throughout the district would
be very great were 1t not for the fact
that many families have removed to
the soft coal works. Owing to the
large number of Primitive Methodists
residing in Duryea, it is suggested that
mission be established, subject to
the Avoca parish The following dele
gates were present: Revs. d. Savage
and w. II. Acornly, of Plymouth; w.
T.Williams. T. Little, of Wilkes Barre;
II. Bell and William Hilbert, Plains;
r. w. Wilson, T. G. Bates and Mr..
! George Davis, Nanticoke; H. G. Rus
sell, Hudson: NJ. c. Prosser, Scranton
T. Cook, Jermyn; Rev. DR.. Bird.
| Scranton.
Michael, the S-year-old son of Mr..
and Mrs. John Marley, of the West
| Side, died on Wednesday evening. af-
| ter few days illness of spinal menin-
| gifts. The funeral will take place to-
morrow afternoon. Interment will be
in st. Mary's cemetery.
The Boston Concert and Kinetoscope
company will give an entertainment
in Sarsfleld Opera house tomorrow
evening. A free entertainment will be
| given in front of the theater entrance
at 7.30 o'clock. Admission, % cents;
children, 10 cents.
Mr.. and Mrs. Joseph Mcpherson.
Misses Viola and Birdella Deeble and
Ida Boone attended the Young Mems
| Institute entertainment at Hudson on
| Wednesday evening.
| ROSE BUSHES GIVEN WAY.
For particulars see our advertisement on third
page of this paper. Mears Hagen. ..