The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-03-11

dark or fair. We come. thirdly, 20 the frzry
type, In which tho hair Is rolled spirally,
forming a succession Of rings n centimstre or
more IN diameter. Such Is the hair OF the Austral-
iaus, the Nubians and certain mulattos. We
have, lastly, the type Of woOlly hair, which Is
characterized by spiral curves exceedingly mar
row the rings Of the spiral are very neal together.
numerous, well rolled. and often catch hold OF
each other, forming tufts and balls. the ultimate
result resembling Sleeps wool. The type admits
Of two varieties. When the hair IL relatively long
aud the spirals sufficiently broad. the whole head
looks like n continuous fleece, as with certain
Mclanesians and the majority u negroes. When.
on the other hand, IN" hair II short, and consists
Of very small spirals. II has n tendency, when
tangled, 20 form little tufts, the dimensions ~
which vary from the size Of n pea 10 that OF a
pepper pod these tufts ARE separated by spaces
which APPEAR bald. This variety nt the wuolly
type il widespread among Ho,entots and Bush
men, the majority Of negroes have It In their In
fancy. and even a, adult age, especially toward
tho temples, where the hair remains very short.
a mlcroScopical examination Of transverse sec
tons shows that q difference u form exists be-
tween the four types 81 hair.
\ certain correlation seems observable between
the nature Of the hair and its absolute and relative
length. Thus straight hair IL at the same time
the longest, while woolly hair Is the shortest;
wayy hair occupies an Intermediate position.
Moreover, the difference between the length 81
the hair II men and women is almost inapprc-
cable IN the two extreme types. In certain straight
haired races, for instance, the hair OF the head is rs
long with men as with women one need but call
"a mind the plaits Of the Chinese, or the beautiful
heads Of hair Of the red Indians. among the Bush
men, liottcntots. and even negroes. on the other
hand, tie hair II the head in women Is not ap-
prcclablY longer than among the men. II Is in
the categorics NJ wavy hair that the difference
is marked. With European men, the length
Of the hair rarely exceeds thirty or forty cent
metres, while with women 1t averages sixty
five Ia seventy five centimetrcs, and may attain,
in exceptional cases, 10 two metres, or six feet
six inches, The general relation Of The pilosc
system On the face and, indeed, on the rest Of
the body seems 10 be in relation 10 the nature
OF tho hair Of the head, Straight haired races
AmrrCqn Indians, Mongols and Malaysl are
ordinarily glabruus, the men having hardly a
rudimcntary tutt II beard, In the fuzzy haired
races The development Of The pllosc system IS
considerable. Among the wuully haired races,
Ellbrous types, like the Bushmen, are found
side by side with rather hairy types, like the
AShan'is II Is among the wavy. haired rAces
that the longest and thickcst boards ere found
1t Is well known that the beard IS one Il the sexual
CHARACTERISTICS Of man. nevertheless, many fine
boards are found among women in southern
Europe, and especially in Spain, while in the
]glahrluS races a few struggling hairs are all
that can ne seen at the corners Of the mouth and
on the chan
the colurug TO the skin and 20 the iris, as well as
10 n" hair, varies much according 10 race, and
forms a good chronological criterion. .As the
pigment exists I'm all races. and in all parts Of the
body. II i 90 its more or less plentiful accumu.
lauon in the coils that the coloring Of the skin
and the skins derivatives is due. The modihca.
tions # the pigment produced 10y the action Il
air and sun vary even among Europeans, accord
ing Ia the ,oloring peculiar 10 their race. Thus,
among the fair races ot northern Europe, the
skin, burnt by ia" sun, becomes red as II swollen;
on thn other hand, among the dHrk-colored races
Of IN" Mediterranean 1t takes a bronze lint. There
is thus, between these two races. a notable differ
cree. If not in the chemical nature Of the pigment,
then. ~ least. in regard To- the quantity. Tits
the SANE with other races, aud ten principal shades
of color can he easily distinguished Thus there
are three shades Of white and three shades Of
yellow. while, among the dark skinned races,
al least four shades may be observed. The chro-
matte table, almost universally adopted by An
thr biologists, shows thirty four shades.