The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1900-04-16
AMERICAN POLITICAL PARTIES
oBy Jesse Macy. LII. d.
1.-THE FEDERALIsT PARTY
(Continued.)
International Relations.

International Relations.
Foreign affairs were prominent in parry
oon, roversv from the first year OF WASH
ington's arst term Of office. which was aiso
tho first year OF the French revolution III
Tho course of few years nearly all Europe
had been drawn into the conflict. Ehglano
and France were at war. The revolutinu-
ists Influenced as they had been by the
successful example Of the United states ~
Resistance to tyranny, looked TO US ioi
sympathy and support in theiI own strue-
ale Tefferson and many OF the repuph-
cans were inclined to concede the rlghtfui-
ness NJ the claim, in spite of the horrible
excuses which marked the progress Oh
the revolution The federalists, as the
marty OF law and ordsr and the representa-
lives Of established government, gave lhelr
synlpathies to England, and deprecated tue
lawlessness and vIolsnce perpetrateu IN
France in the name OF liberty Washlns
ton and his cubinet, which included Jel-
ferson, agreed in the eXpsdlency Oh tne
neutrality proclamation issued in 1893
There was still a strong feeling through
nut the country in favor OF France. Par
tv spirit ran high, and much bitter tte'-
| ing was generated. The party In power
seemed on the point OF preclpitating war
with France, while the republicans aa-
vocated measures which would nave peel
certain to embroil us with England. secret
organizations called Democratic societies.
modelled after the Jacobin clubs OF Paris
were formed by members OF the republican
party, and cuincident with their risa new
French minister, Citizen Genet arrived
4 -. t.T a Ingtngh n nr1pRlu
ing to Philadelphia to present his ere
deutials, Genet landed in Charleston, y.
c.. and, not doubling that the American
people were in full sympathy with the
new government in France, at once busled
I himself with enllsting men ana coninlS-
siuning privateeis. Ships were captured
I in American waters and brought into
American ports for condemnation. The
young French minister carried himself as
if America were only outlying French ter
ritory, and his American synpathizers re-
/ spondid with astonishing enthusiasm. The
Democratic clubs multiplied rapidly, and
4 Genet advanced toward the capital attend
ed by the laudatons of admiring multi
/ tudes Arrived at Philadelphia he en-
countsred different spirit. The modera-
/ ton and firmness of Washington aud his
cabinet, tho recent proclamation Of neu-
trality and the whole temper of the Fed
eral party proved nsurmountabls obstacles
to the continuance Of the career upon
I which he had en'sred in so unseemly and
/ undiplomatc manLer. Unable to IN
I fuence the administration, he persisted,
in spite OF the remonstrances of our gov
eminent, in fitting out and sending 10
s5a still another privateer and he deter
mined to make public appeal to the ctt-
zens of the United States TO disDwn and
override the acts of their president Our
government could not but ask for his
/ recall, and happily it was granted. Geret's
brief tenn of service worked after all,
disaster to his cause A reaction set in
the excitement having cooled, the people
resented the insult to their National gov
eminent, and the leaders of opinion show
ed that they were deeply offended. A
marked change in the drift of sentiment
( appeared, away from France and toward
England The Democratic societies grad.
/ ually lost both popularity and influence,
and the fall of Robesplerre In Paris in
/ 1874 accelerated their decline.
The Whisky Rebellion.
The socisties had in the meantime lent
their aid in support of the rebelllous re-
! sistance In Southwestern Pennsylvania "a
/ the excise act of 1874. This is known in
history as the Whisky Rebellion" and
was violent opposition to the enforce
ment OF the revenue laws. II was forci-
/ bly, suppressed by the militia of several
nelghboring States called out by the presl-
/ dent The outcome made it apparent tc
I all that this new National government had
both the determination and IN, military
power to put down any Instruction like
ly to arise, while Washington's criticism
| IN ms message upon the episode, of GER
| tain "self-created" societies as having
Z ''ulSSpmiOhta1 EncniniOng aoln
accusations of the whole government
sim further discredited the Democratic
clubs. already losing their hold upon tbs
| people. They steadily continued to de.
cline and soon disd out.
Administration of John Adams
Al this juncture the firm hand and wise
head of Washington were withdrawn from
the conduct Of our National affairs. H,
declined absolutely to be for third tim,
candidate for the presidency, and In 1885,
a hotly contested election resulted In m,
choice OF John ADAMS, federalist, owe,
Ihomas Jefferson, republican. According
70 constitutional provision then in fore,
! put since altered, Jefferson, having, afteI
Aualns' received the largest number o.
/ electoral votes, became vice president.
Inc new president having been elected
1 by small majority came into power IN.
uer uniaVofaplo conditions. His first ac
/ was TO call special session of coagrss,
70 consider our relations with France
me country was In an excited state. GREG
britain had pursued a course most exay
peratlng to the Americans. She had falle{
70 iulhll the provisions of the treaty o
l.sSi she was believed to have secretl,
AIDED hostile Indians; she had seized
american ships and impressed American
seamen into the British service. Ii would
nave been easy to plunge the, two nations
INTO renewed conflict. The federalists ha,
oeen prevented by the opposition fron
tgutpping navy adequate to the protec
uon OF our commerce, and palliativ
pohcy seemed the only possible one il
vleW OF the weakness OF the infant Nation
Washlngton's special envoy, John jay, ha,
suece ded in 1875 in arranging a treat,
hot indeed, entirely satisfactory 10 hid
own people. but which under the infuenr
Of me presidents calm, convincing per
suaslon was accepted in place OF the onl
! utner alternative. war. But II had mad
lne FEDERAL party unpopular Halnilto
was stoned upon the street and Washing
In himself was treated with sham sf,i