The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1900-12-15
THE FULL VALUE OF NUTS.
RESULTS oF INJURIES ny TtIE DE
PAHTMENT or AGHtCt LTURE.

ErNtAhie The htsun mFu Iehhut
and It, Many Ises.
From the Washington star.
The forthcoming yearbook % the Dc
partment of Agriculture, when is now be-
ing printed at tho Government Printing
Onloc. will contain the results % a NUM-
her Of experiments made during the past
year under sae direction % Mr. a g.
True. director 81 experimental stations.
Tho yearbook w.ll. Do part say that as
indicated by tho numerous nut foods on
the market and the discussions IN papers
ana magazine Of systems o. dice in
which nuts play o prominent part. there
IS quite general interest IN the subject
Tho claims made for some nut foods
often seem oxtravasant ana unreason-
able. Apparently they lack any basis OF
experimental evidence nor Is s, probable
that the hcst-known Psychologists would
advise the wholesale use Of nuts In a
diet 20 the exclusion OF more usual and
generally accepted foods
The composition and food value OF
number % nuts have been studied b,
Tho California ard Maine stations Special
studies on chestnuis have also been re-
ported by che Pennsylvania ana Massa-
chuscits stations. The following state
Gaents concerning the general character
istics OF The nuts commonly eaten Ia
this country are chiefly taken from the
report Of the studies az the Maine sta-
ton
The almond S. favorlte dessert nut
IL this country. By Far the larger part
D "A H.. "A D..
France Italy and Spain. California. how
ever. has grown the almond successfully
and the output o. THIS crop is annually
increasing TIE almond is used in con-
fectiouery. creams. cakes sc.
The Brazil nu'. as us name indicates.
g. a native OF Brazil. whence % Is exc
ported ia large qusnsities II has not been
successfully grown Ia the United States.
II is chiefly used as a dessert nat.
The nlberfs found in our markets are
chiefly varieties and crosses Of two
species The native hazcls arc smaller
than the European nuts. but have an
agreeable flavor Tho hlhcrt IS chiefly
used as a dessert nut but the ground
nut Is sometimes used FOR confectionery
and in other ways In some European
countries where q grows sbundantly a
nor, az bread is made from the ground
nut
The hickory nut. under which general
name are included the nuts OF several
species OF native trees OF which the
shacbar 0Icoria ovata) is the most Inn
portanf is one Of our best known nuts.
The quality Of tho hickory nut is exceed
inrly variable both in flavor and "a tho
readiness with which the shell may be-
removed The better varieties are highly
esteemed and by many are considered
20 compare fnvorably Boo delicacy Of favor
with the English walnut Large quaint
ties Of the nuts are eaten. and they are
Fomcsines used in making cakes and
confectionery There S. some confusion
regarding the name Of this nut In some
regions OF New England 8, is known as
the walnut while the nut more generally
known in the United States as che well
nut which grows only snaringly IN New
England 3 designated the black walnut
The pecan 0iicoria pecan D. also
native 81 America. but is less widely
distributed than che hickory, 10 which
& D. closely related. The favor 81 the
pecan makes 90 e desirable nut. but
IL doubtless owes much OF is popularity
70 its thin sheu and the ease with which
the kernel may De removed. II Is largely
used as o dessert nut. Quantities are
blso used hy the confcctioners for max
inF sslted pecans, bonbous OF various
sorts etc.
Tho English or more properly Persian
valnuts Dug.ans rcgiaj has been success
flny cultivated in several regions q re
United States. Il g. Of Asiatic origin, but
owing 60 liF general excellence o. early
won rs way TO popular favor reachins
England about tha middle OF the six
ieenth century 10 b. a favori'e desscrt
nut and is also used by c0nfcctoncrs To-
many wave
what De- most generally known as the
walnut De- the TuNed States 1.-THE fruit ~
t. closely allied HWFHNnNH
g. a large nus rich IN oil ana has a
strongly marked flavor This nus j.
somewhat used by confectionery.
The butternut. Oh nut or white walnut
Jugiaus cinere1) De- extremely oily am
has tendency 20 become rancid The
fresh nut has an excellent flavor 1t
g. less commonly marketed than some
ether native ruis.
The beech nut Is the fruit Of a forest
cree common in the eastern hale Of the
United States. The nuts arc sweet and
Of very agreeable flavor. Owing 20 their
small size and the consequent difficulty
OF gathering them only limited amount
reaches che market
The plstochlo. although native o.
Syria. has long been cultivated IN South
ern Europe whence most OF the nuts
eaten in this country are obtained. II
has been grown 90 limited extent in
the United States. The kernel g. grcculsh
IN color aud has "A mild. pleasant and
characteristic flavor. suggestive OF al-
monds n is chiefly used IN the manu-
facture OF confectionery, ices. etc. being
valued for its flavor and the delicate
green color which % imparts.
Although the cocoanut Is a native 81
the tropics 30 has been successfully grown
in Florida Only the native mats com
monty find their way into the market,
through the fruit of the green nut IS
much roMshcd where 60 Is available. Large
quantities Of the dried and grated nut
are consumed It's uses for confectionery.
cakes. etc. are numerous and well known.
In many regions Of the Wess and South
west several varieties o. pine nuts are
eaten.
one OF the fruits most commonly eaten
In the United States under the name OF
nut Is the peanut. Strictly speaking. this
Is NOT a nut but the fruit % leguminous
pIant closely related 90 che pea or bean.
Probably three fourth ofthe peanuts eaten
ere roasted Part of tho cheaper grades
ure used by confoctioners for making
sailed peanuts aud various forms 81 pea
nut candy. &C. sweet and ualatahle
oil can De made from the peanut
II Is pointed on by the Maine station
that from ~ 10 6 per cent. of the nuts
most commonly eaten almonds Brazil
nuts Hihcrts hickory nuts. pecans and
walnu1 g. she'll All these nuts contain
little water The protein Is fairly high
but Fat constitutes thc largest part o. tho