davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-10-17

combination of buyers or board of
trade corners the market and lowers
the prices of wheat the farmer has to
sell and raises the charges when he is
the buyer. These unfavorable con-
ditions must change before the bows
will be content to remain on the farm.
They must be recognized by the pres
ent farmers in the matter of wages and
the future of land holdings.
One of the great evils of farming,
noted by the boys, is the general loss
of soil fertility and the consequent
decrease of crops and land values. A
crop of corn yielding so bushels per
acre, will remove 81 pounds of phos-
phoric acid, 81 pounds of nitrogen and
30 pounds of potash annually from
that one acre. If this Is kept UP for
many years without replenishing the
plant food the soil becomes worthless for
corn growing. A 35 bushel crop of
wheat takes from the soil "a pounds of
phosphoric acid, 50 pounds of nitrogen
and 81 pounds of potash. The same
land will not long remain prolific
wheat field if the soil is not replenlshed.
This can be done only by using fer
tilizers containing the elements of
plant food taken up by the respective
crops. Rotation Of crops does some
good and leaving the land TO rest occa-
sionally assists in holding the essen
tials of plant food, but annual appli-
cations of fertilizers is necessary.
Every farmer should study first how
to increase his annual yield of farm
products, and second how to properly
market what ho produces. The Sc
crct of the first lies in the purchasing
and using of fertilizers, and the second
in cooperating with other farmers in
securing profitable market. A pro.
per mixture of potash, phosphoiic acid
and nitrogen, which can be learned
by reading reliable agricultural jour.
nails and testing the soil, will Incl ease
the yield of corn from 80 to 90 per
cent. and leave the land in fine con-
dition for the following year. Repeat.
ed official experiments have demon.
strated this at the various agricultural
experiment stations in the States where
corn Is grown. What is true of one
crop is equally true of another. If the
land is kept in good tilth 80 it produces
choice crops and the farmer c0-operatcs
with his neighbor in selling products,
so as to get the best prcc, and pur-
chascs in such manner as to secure
low rates on what he consumes, the
boys will see more beauties in the
fields of agriculture and stay on the
iarm.
JOEL SHOEMAKER
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-10-17
GOOD ROADS FOR CHESTER.

Some of the good citizens of Chester
have set TO work IN earnest to provide
good roads for it. A few weeks ago
they took the first step by organizing q
society for the purpose of promoting
such work, and at its meeting ten days
ago, the committee appointed to pro.
pose working plan submitted one
which was unanimously adopted" "
According TO the local paper, the Ches.
ter Reporter, the plan adopted and
recommended to the county authorities
is as follows
/. To prepare list of all persons
liable for road duty Of 6 days or a 81
commutntion tax, and TO enforce SER
vice or collect the tax through the
treasurer's office with general tax"
Q. TO establish a repair force foi
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-10-17
THE BOYS ON THE FARM.
Or. of The Progressive Farmer.

Cor. OF The Progressive Farmer.
The tendencies of modern inventions
are towards increasing the city and de-
creasing the country population. Too
many young men are induced to join
the army of consumers and leave the
ranks Of producers. The results are
noticeable wherever we have hard
times and money is close. Then there
are thousands out of employment and
families are compelled to live in power
ty. This is an Indication that there is
something radically wrong with the
methods of agriculurists. The boys
are neglected. They see more signs of
prosperity among their city cousins and
are easily led into the metropolitan
channels. The gaudy displays of ap-
parent wealth make them believe that
life is more real in the city than in the
country.
The evils of the cities are allurng
pitfalls into which many thousands of
honest country boys fall before they
realize their mistake. Some of the
responsibilities for this condition of
affairs must rest on the shoulders OF
parents. The instructors in the dis.
trict schools and even in some OF
the colleges arc largely to blame
for directly and indirectly sneering al
men who come from the farm. Boys
are taught from many sources that
manual laborcd is degrading and moi
characteristic of modern Amencanism
They see their parents struggling on
old farms upon which former families
have failed and believe there is nothing
in farming. The frequent dilapidatet
condition of rented farms and the
small yields in comparison with thu
days of their fathers cause boys to los'
faith in agriculture.
In every avenue OF life the boy
notice the results of concerted or
ganization against the farmer. The.
see the numerous trusts, great cor
!. poraiions and combinations of capita
arrayed against the farmer with no ap
, parent better conditions in sight TO
the future. The land produces smal
crops Of wheat, corn and potatoes an
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-10-17
THE SWEET POTATO.

The New York Commercial ls au-
thority for the statement that the an
nual value of sweet potatoes is $20,-
OOO,0 and that none are exported.
Here is food for thought for the South
ern farmer, and there should at once
DC lnaugurated movement TO intro.
duce the sweet potato TO the Northern
markets and then TO Europeans.
Al the Paris exposition great effort
ls being made by representatives of this
government to induce the people of Eu-
rope to eat corn bread prepared in va
rlous ways. We favor this scheme, and
we doubt not but that there will fol-
low great demand for American corn.
Would it not be well for our Southern
farmers TO pattern after this Yankee
scheme and scnd to the restaurants in
the large cities of the North cooks
skilled in the cparations of the many
delightful dishes made of sweet po-
tatocs
There is scarcely anything more pal.
atable and nourishing than the sweet
potato, and yet it is very rare indeed
for one 10 find sweet potatoes on the
bill Of fare of Northern hotels and
restaurants. The Irish potato is found
everywhere, but the sweet potato is
scarcely ever seen upon the market.
The sweet potato Is very prolific, espe-
cially in this section of the South,
making anywhere from 100 to 300
bushels per acre, and if our farmers
would carefully study the handling and
marketing of the crop, The farm value
should be from $50 TO $3.50 per acre.
There are farmers in this county who
have studied the bedding of sweet po-
tatoes and keep them through the
winter months, and then sell during
March and the following months for
81 90 per bushel at Spartanburg and at
the mill towns in the county.
If the Southern farmer would make
an effort to place the sweet potato upon
the markets in the large cities at the
North the annual value would within
three years approximate Sl00,00D 900.
The railroads of the South can become
great factors in the introduction of the
sweet potato to the people OF the North,
and if they will but take hold of the
matter, we predict that this industry
could be reyolutioniZcd within the next
few years. Free Lance.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-10-17
GAS TORIA
For Infants and Children.
The Kind You Have Always Bought
signature sssss ses Of &zNzzzZx
OUR GREATEsr SPECIALIST.

For 20 years DR.. J. Newton Hathaway
has 80 successfully treated chronic diseas-
es that he is acknowledged today TO stadn
at the head of his profession in this line.
His exclusive method of treatment for
Varicocele and Structure, without the aid
of knife or cautery cures in 80 per cent. of
all cases. In the treatment of the loss of
Vital Forces. Nervous Disorders, Kidney
and Urinary Complaints, Paralysis, Blood
Poisoning, Rheumatism, Catarrh, and dis.
eaees peculiar to women, he is equally
successful. DR.. Hathaway's practice fs
moro than double that of any other spec
ialist Cases pronounced helpless by other
physicians readily yield to his treatment
Write him today fully about your case.
advice, either at his office or by mail.
j, Newtoo Hathaway, NJ. d., 22X Sonth
Broad etreat, Atlanta. 9e.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-10-17

SOUTHERN FORESTS George II.
olina College of Agriculture, calls at
tention in an eloquent and folceful
address to the SOuth's sacrifices in the
past and its progress al present in the
matter of manufactures from woods:
a century ago we used our forests
mainly for iirewood. Later we sold
them as raw material to be cut down
and shipped away, either as timber or
as lumber, for manufacture elsewhere
into flushed produces. AT last we
have begun to manufacture ourselves,
but we have only begun, and the fell
is boundless. Recently in High Point
Il single customer from Chicago was
anxious to place all order for T4U0, 900
worth of furniture. Factories there
are converting $4 worth of white oak
into $40 worth of furniture. Skill and
m? chinery are dong the work. With
better skill and better machinery, with
other manufacturing establishments IN
all lines of woodworking as numerous
as cotton mills now are, we shall real
ize that one of our greatest sources of
wealth IS our forests. They are q
source, too, that is self-rcncwing, fol
with proper care and management
they will last forever. Soil, moisture
and temperature are so perfectly adj
justed in our State that barren fields
will grow up again into forests within
q single lifetime.
g 1t is healthy sign, this of tn,
South, saving and pro1crly utilizing III
forests. Properly cared for they cal
be made here as they arc in Europe, {
source of great wealth, besides being
as they always are, thing of I.caut.
and JOY forever to the people"
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-10-17

"'at, what is it the doctors are say
i'm about the faver bein all on account
o. thin germs? What's germs, any
how ?" "Well, Dinnis, We see it's
this way. They're jist bugs, wigglc-
tails like. They've got lots o. differ
cnt kinds o. names. In Germany they
call thin germs the French call thin
Parasites, and in Ireland we call Thin
Mikc-robes, but they're jist wigglin
bugs"
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-10-17

a woman was taken before French
magistrate and asked her age. She
said twenty-cight. The judge looked
up and said "Madam, you were be-
fore mo ten years ago, and gave the
same age" Said the woman 81 do
not doubt it. / am not woman that
Will say one thing to-day and another
thing tomorrow
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-10-17

Most farmers in shelling cars of seed
corn, throw out the kernels from both
ends. The apex undoubtedly produces
kernels, but a number of
government experiments show that the
lower kernels, while they may be mis-
shnpen, have high vitality aud con-
stitnte good seed.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-10-17
q n - TO R L "a.
Bears the u Tho Kind You Haye Always Bought
S's.s'''' q %<A9zzIzw

Mrs. G.-"Oh, doctor, how l should
hate to be buried alive |"
Doctor-"Calm yourself, madam.
No patient of mine need ever fear
that"
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-10-17

How to encourage and keep the boys
on the farm ? Take them to the State
Fair for sightseeing and an object
lesson will be taught them to renew
their efforts in their various avocatiOns.
Liberal railroad rates for the great
State Fair will be made for Fair Week.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-10-17

Through the medium of the State
Fair all branches of industry, including
live stock, have been greatly improved
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-10-17

q n. - IN q III ia.
Bears tho ~ The Kind You Have Always Bought
''.;'''' = &srzHAg1:Sw
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1900-08-03

Sdasuss Win : idl,aus distnfs lnt sn VI
- ch1oro -nApthnI xeS66t3y adysr.
tissd n these columns. Than Il the
horse = lams apply . hot poultics d
haxssed meal IL which has bsen mix
% q cupful Of powdered wood char,
coal. which win soon deodorixs the
loot. When verything appears sweet
and clean, which win b after the ap-
plication OF about four poulttces. dry
the parts thoroughly and pack Gallo,
mel into the cleft Of the frog and on
both sides Of It and cover with oakum
well pressed In by means Of q knife
shaped stick. The dressing should be
renewed every day for week, then
every three days, during all Of which
time the horse should stand In q dry.
clean stable. Do not pack the frog
with powdered bluestone as Is often
done. for the reason that one cannot
tell where it will stop. We have seen
this drug penetrate as far as the COT
I'm joint in horse that had to be shot
SO lame and worthless had it become
from simple case Of thrush which
had been badly neglected and then err
roneously treated.
After the frog is healthy and the
discharge and bad odor cease shoe
with plates coming back only as far
as the quarters so as to cause frog
pressure and If the foot be then kept
from the original cause Of the disease
NO further trouble will be experienced.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1900-08-03

ON, of the most unpleasant common
diseases of the farm horse is known
as thrush of the foot" and consists
in a moist, fetid condition which fire.
quently gives rise to more or less
lameness and always to foul odor and
unhealthy state Of the frog, which is
liable to become serious If not attend
ed to properly and promptly.
On picking up the foot of horse
suffering from this disease it will be
found that the frog is soft and rotten
and that there is a discharge Of white.
foul-smelling matter exuding from the
cleft Of the frog and at each side Of it..
In very bad cases we also find that the
matter frequently forces its way be-
tween the horny and soft frog and ap-
pears at the heel. constituting what
farmers often call grease heel" In
other cases the matter finds its way
under the sole and the horse IL then
very lame and cannot bear the pres
sure Of shoe. .t.5 q S5 "a
The cause Of the disease II standing
In wet and Nth In badly cared for sta
bles, and farmers often make matters
worse by the applic alton OF cow-dung
poultices, which should never 10 ap-
piled 70 the foot OF any animal. 81
J Whenever q horse ~ Sfouhd 10 have
contracted this disease have tho shoes
rsmovsd and With 81 sharp shosr's
kntts removs III rotten ana under run
sols md frog ana 4 then thoroughly
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1900-08-03
THE YARD MEASURE.
Standards Have Varied In the. Dineren,
Ages of tho World.

Standards Have Varied In the. Different
Ages of tho World.
The yard is the British and Ameri-
can standard of length. Down to 1924
the original standard of Britain land
from which ours was copied was rod.
which had been deposited in the court
of exchequer, London, in the time of
Queen Elizabeth. In those. days, says
the st. Louis Republic, all measures in
tended for general use were taken to
the court of exchequer to be examined
by the proper officer. That official took
the proposed measure and placed it par
allel with the standard, and If found
correct placed certain marks of identi-
fication upon it. By an act of parlia-
ment in 1924 the old Elizabethan stand
ard was superseded by another, which
had been constructed under the di-
rections Of the Royal society sixty-four
years previous. This act provided that
''the straight line or distance between
the centers of two points in the gold
studs in the brass rod now in the Gus
| tody of the clerk of the house of CON-
mons shall be the genuine standard OF
the yard measure in Great Britain
The act further provided that the meas
| urements of the rod must be, made
when the temperature Of the brass rod
was at 81 degrees Fahrenheit. That
standard was destroyed by fire In 1884
and the commission appointed to re-
place it made the yard measure now
in use. The new standard was deposit
ed in the house of parliament in 1855
and authenticated copies Of it are in
the possession of our government Of.
ficials at Washington.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1900-08-03
Missouri cattl. Quarantine.


A report from Jefferson City, Mo-.
under date of June 20, says: Cover
nor Stephens has extended the cattle
quarantine of the state to, include.
Canada cattle, and from this date I'M
til the quarantine Is lifted nos Cana
dian cattle can be shipped, into Mis-
souri, until they have been. examined
by either the state veterinary or vet
Urinary surgeon appointed for that
purpose The examination shall be. to
ascertain il the cattle are infected. with
tuberculosis. This is the only change
made in the quarantine regulations
which have been in force in the state
for the past year. This disease has
made its appearance among Canadian
cattle, and the Missouri state board. of
agriculture recommended the estab-
lishment of the quarantine, which the
governor promulgated. The quaran-
tine is valid against cattle from the
following states: Maine, New Hamp-
shire, Vermont, Massachusetts,, Rhode
Island, Connecticut, New York, Penn
sylvania. New Jersey, Delaware, Ohio.
Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin.
Iowa, Minnesota, California: Kentucky,
and Tennessee and the Dominion Of
Canada.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1900-08-03
Wont Below.

The ground under the city Of San
Salvador is full of caverns Of unknown
depths. A man was once digging
well there. The last stroke he gave
with his pick, the bottom fell out and
he and his pick fell through, nobody
knows where. ss
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1900-08-03
TIL. Cabbage cureullo.

4"S V1DVsk0 O0rCu1lus
THIS insect appears to have become
quite destructive in some parts Of the
country, especially in the West. Near
Racine, Wis.,, the cabbages have been
injured by it during the last few years.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1900-08-03
CHAPTER XI.

Is rapid articula-
ton had given Con-
stance no time for
reply, but her ex-
element equaled
his, as she bent her
yelled face upon
her hands and lis
tened in dumb g y
sallarna ct the h. emo
tons rising to meet
isAyowal 81 love
'fsrgNffs- Tfs5IH 10 s.fy-fti
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1900-08-03
Bicycles in tho Desert.

Practical tests have shown that a
bicycle runs easily on the sand Of the
African deserts. and In due time the
camel will follow the horse into obli-
Won. &. g., = 81 5a53 ,'t
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1900-08-03
80 80 $50!

| ls L II ssnat o. EisiAA
Wherever smut exists III oats the
financial loes 70 the farmers d very
.grAat. though this fact ID not, usually
appreciated. The Department 0fl
Agronomy Of the Illinois College Yor
Agriculture Is making ! special effort
this year to Ascertain the losses In
Illinois oat fields due. TO smut. The
loss last year was estimated at 81, $780,
900. Those Of our readers who will
help In this work should send to the
University at Urbana for > circular
giving Instructions how to make the
.estimateA Among other things tho
instructions contain the following,
which win be Of interest to AL our
readers: In order to determine the
per cent Of smutted heads take an
ordinary barrel hoop or light frame OF
any kind Of convenient size and throw
over q spot In the field, selected at
random. Count all Of the stalks in
side the hoop and note the number on
the blank given on last page Of this
paper. Now count the stalks affected
Dy smut and set down in the proper
column Of the same blank Repeat this
operation in three or more places in
every field in order to get an average
OF smutted stalks for the field.
Caution.-Care should be taken that
none Of the smutted stalks are passed
by unnoticed.
l. The smutted stalks are usually
shorter than the healthy ones, and
consequently are overlooked in count
ing.
2. The smutted heads do not always.
push out Of the sheath and these.
stalks are counted as merely dwarfed
plants. when If the sheath is unrolled
the head will be found: to be smutted.
3. The smut appears early, and by
the time the oats are ripe has BEEN
mostly whipped of by the wind, in
many instances leaving, only a bare
stalk or stub.
The so-called blighting Of oats is
generally caused by smut, although
the smut may have disappeared en-
tirely.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1900-08-03

WORK OF CABBAGE Curculf0.
Growers claim that one Of the worst
features is that the insect carries the
spores Of the cabbage rot from plant
to plant. In our first illustration we
show the effect of the work Of the
curculio. The beetle lays its egg in a
puncture made in the stalk. The grub
that matches from it bores its way
through the stalk as shown and causes
1T to wilt. In our second illustration is
shown the beetle in his various forms.
The length Of the beetle, it must be re-
membered. is only about one-efghth
inch.
The entire body Of the hibernated
specimens is covered with Mght-gray
vestiture consisting Of piliform scales.
while newly bred individuals are coat
ed with ochrous scales. The real color
below the scaly covering is black, and
the older individuals appear leaden-
gray in color, and. the fresher ones
fulvous. Such difference in colora-
ton imparts to the insect quite dis
tinct appearance.
1t is probable that the cabbage cur
culio was introduced into this country
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1900-08-03
Position Of Wool in sheep, Husb.ndr

Position Of Wool In Sheep Husbsndry.
A Michigan Experiment Station
Bulletin says: Can sheep husbandry
be made profitable by disregarding en-
tirely the wool product? In. some few
favored localities such course OF
sheep husbandry may be made profit
able, but under ordinary conditions
the wool product contributes material
ly to the net income from the flock.
In some instances breeders of NUT
ton sheep have realized as much for
their wool as the men who have been
keeping sheep primarily for the wool
which they produce. In making such
claim it should not be forgotten that
the American markets in the past have:
not been glutted with large supply
OF the medium and coarse grades OF
wool. while the scarcity of fine woods.
owing to the common stock of the
country being largely Merino grades,
has not been apparent until within.
the past few months, although a. few
Of the breeders of Merino sheep have
persistently prophesied that former
conditions would return, and that the
grading up of flocks for the produce
ton of the finer grades of wool would
again profitably engage the attention
of American sheep men. Fashion in
the manufacture of wooden fabrics,
which has always been potent fac
tor in the price Of different grades OF
wool, has seemed to encourage the.
growth Of medium and coarse woods.
While the future Of the wool industry
will be settled by conditions almost
entirely beyond the control of. the.
growers Of this country, still every
thing. points. to brighter prospect
for the wool grower than for several
years past and especially forgthe pro-
Queer of fine Delaine woods.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1900-08-03

soix-outorhynchns rape: a beetle: D sane III psSsis;
elsrva d. head Of same:e pupa In cocoon; eight
times natural size; d. more enlarged Originate
and had established itself at a COM
paratively early period, and in New
land. It now exists principally in
England, Canada and the West
States
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1900-08-03

q Courage i tho child q conviction.