davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1900-12-28
'lNTo ANOTHER ". TRAP,

;eqn...s4a.ss44 u isr;.;sh Teomanry s.id to
4 i.say2' " th,s 1.os44s' 3 '''
- !, CAp1 lrews, Dec. ,ss7! q A squadron
''tof \ Yosnisury,t which ohad besn 'ifollUw!V'
ing ltha iR:arsY fsarom rBES;kssiywn,iiS 5e.
f5ttea to to h4S;e. .bs,ent e n t9as1peG ~ Thvre
We're several casualties. IT is said, and
,tlss remainder Of the force was cap
tu.ed. .. (, n -yt,y,;;fs+;; IT, Ystsss7a s
General Kitohener has left / Nnanw.
poort f.is bde north wards. \ w 's " Z
II i 10 rApau c0hcs Gtfon Ok trUopS in
Che dissurbeG districts through sIis pr
sonal eneYgE toi General Kisohsisk has
= al'fypd tae llpcal upesEiness.
q ads ,x1,hs.ab,s chriL u ass siIs,f'0
ZEERusr, Transv&ali DSc. N l..Trks'
Boers captured two wagons ep1tQipipe
Chri5tmas luxuffss dsl!Ks The
camp 81 Ind ll,i III ,;1't s,a,G 81 q 4
III ~ ti,fyy1 ~, ,h II Afhrnt14 ftff,I IS * \
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1900-12-28
m "a Fall MORRISON Go DEGENBER

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Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1900-12-28
SIs.F y n - - S EaILR$ .Vf#@s y
Handled Books at About Half t.i

5 Many books here slightly q arlaged byfalli
ing on the foo5rl or BY being handled too often.
The books are not i / bit the worse for wear and
will be sold at one third off. T. e. .s= S,
15c books'at l0c.$ 4 y z T. - IS fasE>
2Oc books at 14c. 5s. 1: +, -.
soc books at 35c. a*st$s I sS 4 zE5 y s*.
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1900-12-28

,JyJi htnt5ipmijEoi .~jFti1Ittyi5i'
I .iesH ttfl1 o1E ktiig I'f!nni s'Iets a..
Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1900-12-28
Assures suiiis> light, Eel; and
.siesa:aWl1OleSOn food. 81 "@;>,''@ vi

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Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1900-12-28

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NJ NJ sYhrals,4 may S3i .;3t7>.tf
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Little Falls weekly transcript. (Little Falls, Morrison Co., Minn.) 1894-19??, 1900-12-28

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goods
year duI-
when that
ysar
share lines
goods and shng little
others This wth
leading Rnd might
word for the people
best Judges people told
that nur values seyce
help1 hest all
tion the state
December We did than
ON TIII SATURDAY. AND
MOiHIakY uMAS:D a
nary
discipline among help And good
complaint make Want
u con1S uy and will do Hi In
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1900-11-24
Indians Through All the Ages Have
Celebrated Thanksgiving.
CUSTOMS THAT STILL SURVIVE
Showing Their Gratitude for the
Good Things Of Life.
T H Err SOLEMN RITUALS
tCopyrirht, 1900, by H, NJ Converse

Copyright. 1900, by H. NJ. Conversely
Written for The Evening Star by Harriet Maxwell
Converse, Chief Of the Snipe Clan OF the Seneca
Indian O..
Thanksgiving is generally regarded as
peculiarly American festival. The great ma
ton that dominates the continent Of North
America holds this feast day as being of
it's owr invention. But centuries before the
Pilgrim Fathers touched land at Plymouth
Rock there were thanksgiving feasts and
ceremonies in the land celebrated by the
first Americans, the once great red race
that is now dying out SO rapidly; and today
the rites are religiously observed by the
survivors, just as they were before the pale
faces came and when the tomahawk and
the swift arrow ruled the land. Wherever
tribal customs hold and the old pagan re-
ligon stirs in the blood, there the feasts are
given in praise of the Great Spirit who
made and controls the land and water and
all things that live.
The red man had no need of creed nor
book to recte his continual thanks to the
Great Spirit The strong winds and gentle
breezes hymned his ritual. The lakes. riv-
ers and brooks intoned his chants The sun,
moon and stars were the lights of his altar
and the whole of nature his psalm of praise
and thanksgiving. The one Eternal Spirit
ruled his heaven and his earth. He-no. the
Thunderer, gathered the clouds in his hands
and sfted down the vivifying rains. Ga-oh,
the West Wind controlled the tempests.
Jos-keka ruled the seasons and wakened
the day, and Ag-re-skoon inspired the war
rior to victory as he sent his great war cry
from the mountain peak to the valley.
In no tribes did the religious rites reach
a higher degree of development than among
the great federation of the Five Nations.
| The life of the IrOquois Indian was con-
tnual Thanksgiving. There were annual
feasts whereby all nature was sung and
praised. Beginning with the New Year
jubilee in February. these feastS followed in
succession each resurrection Of nature.
In April the flow of the sap was celebrated
in the maple feast and the thunderer who
had softeued the winters chain OF ice and
set the Sweet water flowing was glorifed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1900-11-24

arians. The dance music is the drum and
the turtle shell rattle. which accompany
the voices of the trained singers, who as
they sing, sit astride a wooden bench
placed in the center of the circle of dancers.
There is always one pagan preacher who
inherited the dance and thank talk and
expoundS the faith, enumerating with SOL
emn information each praise. If any one per-
son desires to offer special thanks the
preacher announces it to the people and
dancers, and by their consent he or she is
permitted to lift the voice" for some bless
ing of the chase, war. health or home. 1t
is the duty of every person, no matter how
aged or feeble, to dance once around the
circle and offer the Great Spirit his own
voice of thanks.
Remnant of the Old Religion.
The great confederacy of the Iroquois is
dissolved and of the people of the five ma
lions there are left but few who continue
to celebrate the religion of their forefath-
ers These adherents to the old customs
are limited to about one-third Of the In
dams now resident on the New York state
reservations. The silk, SLOUGH, or derby
hat has substituted the old-time feathered
head-dress: patent feathers have taken the
place Of the moccaSinS, the buckSkin shirt
is forgotten, htdeous high-heeied shoes and
store bonnets replace the picturesque cos
tune of the women; the forests are de-
parted and in their place broad fields hold
the grains where the Iroquois once built
the war and council fire; church spires tow
er above the trees, the board house stands
on the land once claimed by the tepee. and
the mighty days of the Iroquois are no
more.
relationship, in spite of the advancement
and consequent progression of education
and trade-school training, there are yet
those who remember to chant the thanks
giving ritual of their forefathers: the origi-
nal and real American Thanksgiving-the
thanksgiving Of the American Indian.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1900-11-24

festivals mean renewal of the protection
of the Great Spirit as we'll as a duty for
careful fulfillment. To omit one ceremony
would be not only irreVetence, hut bad
luck To the whites and even to the Chr s.
tianiZed Indian the rituals are unknown.
They have been handed down from genera
ton to generation. by word of mouth. and
are preserved invio.aby secret from the
alien. To the mind of the red man pra Sc
should be denoted by a dance thelr dances
so misunderstood by the pale face which
is the aCcentuation of the red mans re-
lgion and the expression of the duty to
which the true pagan still holds in spite of
the intruSions of the white mems religions.
The great corn festival may be denam-
mated the most common Thanksgiving
feast of the Iroquois. The month when the
late fruits We're ripening and the green corn
was in the ~ear seemed to the ancient Iro-
guos the :<'time' of the Great Spirit who
was yet holding the harvest in his hands.
Today the Summons to this feast is sent
weeks iJ advance. and SO arranged that
each one of the reservation festivals will
not Interfere with its neighbor nation thus
fulfilling the univeGs sal law Of the red mans
hospitalitv-"each must help the other" BY
this the Onondagas viii hold the corn
few days pr!or to the Senecas. and so on,
that each nation in turn may visit its near
est ne:ghbor. thus consummattng the re-
ligious rule that al must harmonic in the
unison of thanks and praise.
The first rite of The green corn feast,
which continues three days, IS to wrap one
it the fire incense offering. which
dedcates the festival 10 the Great Spirit.
In this initial ceremony medicine men and
medicine women, also very young men and
women, are selected to strip and hull the
corn for the feast soup, which must be set
boiling the first day and boil continually
until the third and final day. when beef and
beans are added to it, and 1t is distributed
among the dancers, guests, members Of the
medicine society and every head of the
family resident on the reservation wherein
the festival may be held.
Although the dancing Is continued at in
tervals during the three days, the first DAYS
ceremony is the most religious Of all the
green corn dance. During this dance the
entire ritual of the praises of the Iroquo:s
is recited. the band of selected dancers
marching around the room in single file as
the preacher intones his thanksgiving.
with Great Dignity.
These thanks go on until all benefits 10
man or beast or birds have been recitcd
and danced for. In the final dance all par
ticipate, including the extremely aged, who
fold their blankets around them with the
dignity of their ancestors the younger
dancers being decorated with feathers and
the gala attire copied from the colors of
the rainbow, and the toddiing infants. as
stoical and earnest as the bent centen-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1900-11-24

Calvin Rrice and others. The syndicate
has air. idy made deposit OF hundred
thousand dollars, and has spent consider
able money in surveying. 1t is Gained
that the Nanderb.lts, the Rockefellers, Levi
p. Mort on. the Carnegie Steel Company and
others are in 1t. The road is to run in
stra.sht line from Canton to HankoW
where it will connect with the road to
Pekin, making a trunk line through the
richest and most populous part OF China
Canton has, perhaps, 2,DCJ03 and Hankow
and the great cities about 1t have al least
2,OO0.ND more. The provinces cut by the
road have a population something IKE
1Ga.G,1,;S 500, and they are among the richest
industrial provinces of the empire. mere
are big cities all along the line ana the
road would probably pay from the start.
BY the surveys of Mr.. William Larclay
Parsons the road with its branches will be
about 500 miles long. 1t offers no great
engineering difficulties, and Calvin brice
estimated that its cost would be In the
neighborhood Of &1oVto, 600, or a little over
$.3,oOo mile. 1t is probable that it can
be built for much less, for the road from
Pekin 10 Shanhaikwan has cost. l am told,
only $4,000 mile, including its workshops
and its rolling stock The road to Woosung
cost about the same, and the abundance
and cheaDness of the labor all along the
line of the Canton-Hankow system should
make it's construction comparatively low.
The Hankow-Pekin Road.
The northern extension of this trunk line
has been granted to the Belgian syndicate.
but it is now supposed that the French and
Russians have bought the Belgians out. The
syndicate mas an alleged capital Of about
s25.CU3.c;G of which Sl5,G1,nD was orig
inaly French and s10.00H9 Belgian. There
are also Chinese capitalists III it. but the
foreigners have the control.
The HanEoWPekin roa1 has been built.
as far as Paoting-fu. The care are now
running, and the traffic Is such as to
promise great profits. 1t Is estima ted
that it will pay 30 per cent. The
work Of construction goes slowly at the
HankUw end of the line. Chang Chi Tung
has much 10 do with This branch of it, and
it his original intention to build it en-
trely of rails made If Chinese iron. smelted
with Chinese coal. The result was that he
put up about sevcntE-tive acres of car
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1900-11-24

coal mines into connection with their Man
churian railroads. The concession belongs
to the Russo-Chinese Bank
The Russians are steadily pushing their
railroad northward from Port Arthur, and
It Will soon connect with the Trans
Siberian road. The road is being well
built 1t is of five-foot guage. The most
of it's rolling stock, rails and ties come from
the United States, and more will be taken
IN the future. Aside from the natural dis
hke the Russians hive to the English, they
find the American railroad material equally
good, II not better. They can get 1t in
much shorter time. and the result is they
are ordering it by sfiploads.
American Railroad Exports.
The prospective development promises to
open up an enormous market for our rail-
read materials. The American China De-
Veiopment Company, in case 1t carries out
Its concession will bring all its materials
from the United States, and this alone will
require imports to the amount OF S30,ODO,0o0.
The Tien Tsin-Shanhaikwan road is now
using quite lot of American machinery.
1t has Baldwin engines, and in Its works
saw models of cars and tracks furnished by
the Pennsylvania Railroad Company.
Inc lien Isin-Pekin company 1s now
using Westinghouse air brakes and Amer1-
can couplers, which cost, laid down here $50
per car. In the shops at Kaiping they are
using American car wheels and American
aXleS.
iHeTe Will De big opening mere lor
American lumber, and it may be that the
Philippine Islands will be the lumber yard
of China in its railroad development. The
Island OF Mindanao could furnish enough
hard wood ties for all the roads that China
will build for the next fifty years, and We
have vast timber resources on Mindoro and
other islands. Uncle Sam owns nearly all
the forest area of the Philippines. and If
he e, plotted the property he could probably
net lt.ore from the timber alone than the
islam is have cost him. At present great
deal # lumber comes here from Oregon
and Washington. and there will be mar
ket for more in the future.
The Germans intend to open up ShantunS
with German money and German ma erial.
This is shown by the concession which the
German government recently gave to the
Shantung Railroad Company to construct
roads from kiaochau bay to the coal mines.
These roads will be about go miles long,
and will unite with the trunk lines from
Shanghai to Tien Tsin by way of Chin
kiang. The roads are to be of 6 andard
gauge, and it Is provided that all their a
terials. including iron ties and steel bridges,
are to come from Germany. The syndicate
has capital Of about S12,000.otjO. 1t has
already laid thirty miles of its roadbed, and
the tracks will be put down at once.
FRANK G. CARPENTER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1900-11-24

Ing rapidly on. 1t will include some
thing like thousand miles in Chinese
territory before it reaches the Siberian line,
across which it is to go TO connect with the
great trunk line to Europe.
The Pekin Hankow system has from 100
to $50 miles either built ready for the
rails. The work is going on at both ends.
About eighty miles have been built from
the Loukou bridge, just outside Pekin to
Pa otinsfu the capital of Chilli mis- sec
ton is in operation; it is we'll patronzed
and IS paying. From Hankow the road is
being extended northward, and from forty
to fifty miles are ready for the rails. Ex-
tensions are being made to the coal and
iron mines nearby, but the track altogether
will not measure fifty miles.
In addition to the above are the little
road to Woosung and the German roads
back of kiaochau bay The Germans have
about fifty miles of track ready for the
rails, and they VIII have cars running be-
fore the end of the year. Altogether the
total length of the Chinese railroads will
not exceed 7'H miles. If all the tracks
could be lifted up and dropped upon the
United States they would rot suffice to
make a single line from New York to Cleve-
land.
Our Big American Schemes.
As 20 railroads on paper China is full Of
them, and among the biggest is an American
one This is the scene of the American China
Development Company, which has con-
cession for a road from Canton to Hankow.
It's concession IS signed b!- the emperor.
l. was granted through WI Ting Fang,
the minister at Washington, to the late
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1900-11-24

shops. including two enormous blast fur
naces, at Hanyang. adjoining Hankow. lie
spent something like ST, 100000 In such ex-
periments. and then turned the road over TO
Sheng. Sheng is importing most OF his ma
terials from Europe.
l visited Chang Chi Tung's works not long
ago. They were smelling foreign iron with
foreign coke rying to learn how to make
rails and evidently not succeeding, for the
rails now being used are imported from
Belgium. Fifty miles of track will be iald
with such rails within the next lie" months
There are now GOO men there employed
and the work will be steadily pushed
An American Railroad Man.
The route of this Hankow-Pekin railroad
was recently surveyed by Capt. Watson W.
Rich, a prominent American railroad engi-
neer, who is now in the employ of the Chi
nese government. He Is the confidential
technical foreign railroad adviser to Sheng
and has much influence here. I chatted
with him about the line from Hankow to
Pekin. Said he:
"The country through that part of China
is fat and our chief difficulty will be in
bridging the waterways. The great plain OF
north China is cut up by streams and cana.s.
You can 80 everywhere n boats ana the
many waterways will necessitate brldSes at
every few miles, so that, all told. the cost
of railroad construction is quite as heavy
as in the United States. 1t Is the bridges
that cost.
lone of our great troubles on the f1dii-
kow-Pekin line will be the 1elio"
rrer rh $ la heavy h"ois 1t oil eh
changes it's course. We have triei to pan
the road so that it shall be outs-Il 'he
danger line. For this reason the route mas
heen laid out near the foot Of the mountain,
800 miles back of the coast. Here the river
at low water is about fifteen feet deep ana
a mile wide. At high water it is three miles
wide, so that we shall need three-mile
bridge All such bridges must be brought
from abroad. We have no cheap WOOD IN
China. and our kdge material must De
steel"
Il had the idea. Captain Rich that rail-
roads could be built here very cheapiy.
THAT is a mistake, was the reply.
| Wages are much lower, but the people are
unskilled, and they work slowly rake LOT
instance the brcl1layers. We pay a chi
nese mason and his helper about 70 cents
day for twelve hours work. and they lay
100 bricks An American bricklayer ana
helper would receive about $4.5o but tney
would lay 1900 bricks. so that the ollLer-
ence is not so great as 1t would SEEM we
can get dirt eXcavatad for about three
fourths the American price, but all rock
work is equally expensive. We also nave 10
pay big freight on all our materials, SO
that there are many offsets to cheap labor.
How the Spirits BLOCK the Roads.
The railroad builders out here have to
fight spiritual as well as material nature.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1900-11-24
Just What 1t Was,
From the Chicago Chroni lie.

From the Chicago Chront lie.
Lord Wolseley, the retiring commander
in-chief Of the British army, does not tell
this story. but somehow or other it got
abroad and is generally credited as strictly
true:
On one occasion the famous field mar
shaFs zeal for the welfare of his men got
the better of his discretion. Dinner was be-
ing served to the soldiers and orderlies
hurried backward and forward with steam
ing pals of soup. Lord Wolseley stopped
one Of them. The man was at attention In
q moment.
Remove the lid No sooner said than
done.
Let me taste it."
But, PLACE yer
Let me taste It'll say"
And taste 1t he did.
"Disgraceful! Tastes like nothing in the
world but dishwater.
"Plaze, yer honor" gasped the man,
land so it is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1900-11-24
Ancient Rites stin Observed.

The $500 Indians in the state of New
York, all who are left of the once colossal
confederation of the five ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS,
Senecas, Cayugas, Oneidas, and Onondagas
live on six reservations, each of which
contains its council house. a wooden build
ing about fifty by eighty feet. Here the old
fashioned or pagan" Indians convene for
Their legislative work and religious cere-
monies.
To the truly religious Iroquois who honors
the religion of his ancestors these annual
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1900-11-24

all the American red men, believed himself
a part and integral portion of all nature.
In the return of the spring time he found
a fit example of his own immortality. The
resurrection from apparent death decided
his after-l.fe where everything in nature
was mater.a, .zed, and in the continuous pro-
duction and reproduction Of nature he in
cluded himself.
In the various thanksgiving festivals OF
the Iroquo.s the ceremonies are nearly the
same, although there are dances of many
kinds which are especially adapted to the
several ceremonies. Bird. beast, fish and
all sorts of game; women, men, children.
totems. fruits vegetables. roots, herbs,
each has its dance. which must be cele
brated. These dances. in the old times held
in the open forest. are now solemnzed in
the council house of each reservation.
which is the legislative hail well the
religious gathering place of the modern
Iroouois Indians
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1900-11-24
One of Many.

One OF Many.
From the Philadelphia Press.
Office Seeker think my campaign work
should entitle me to an Office
Leader-"I never heard of you. What did
you do?"
Office Seeker-"Well, 1 also spoke
twenty-one different occasions"
Plain Evidence.
From the Smart Set.
wife-"what shall we name the baby.
John?"
Husband-"I have decided to leave that
entirely to you, my dear"
.John. you've been drinking asainr'
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1900-11-24

Jasper-'TI wonder why the magazines
publish such unintelligible poetry"
Bighead-'SBecause the editors can't I'M
derstand it and don't dare to reject it for
fear It may be great,"-Idfe.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-10-27

spicuous in the syndicate obtaining the
new control are William K. vanderbilt,
E. II. Hartman, James j. Hill, Nor
man b. Rearn, and James Speyer.
Within the past week Wall street be-
came excited over the discovery that
control of Mr.. Huntington'S Pacific Mail
property had passed to E. H. Hartman
and his associates, including James ].
Hill and w. K. Vanderbilt. Explana-
tons given much currency have aimed
to represent that only Mr.. Hartman had
become controller, that Mr. Hills inter
est and Mr.. Vanderbilt's interests were
relatively insignificant. However this
may be, it is certain that in the South
ern Pacific deal (Whereby Vanderbilt in
terests will controD the corporation of
the Pacific Mail Steamship company can
be of vast interest. Aside from the Van
derbilt ambition to establish and main
tain a transportation line from the At
lantic coast at New York to San Fran
cisco and thence to the far east (made
practicable by New York Central. North
western, Union Pacific and Pacific MaiD
the taking over of the Southern Pacific
is an accomplishment greater than any
other coalition hitherto forecast.
1t is believed by practical railway
managers that with the Southern Pa
cific railway system under direct Van
derbilt control, there will be at once a
complete disposition of most of those ell
ements which hitherto have been inter
fering with far western and southwest
ern traffic rates