davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17

President Mitchell in his last speech
to the miners before his departure for
national headquarters at Indianapolis
said: THE strike of the anthracite
miners is now a matter of history. 1t
marked an epoch which fills the hearts
of Workingmen throughout the land
with hope and higher ambition. 1t
was not a victory Of miners alone, but
for labor in general. If it's fruits are
to be measured by dollars and cents,
we would rather have lost. 1t has
kindled in your hearts greater love of
country. 1t means the beginning Of
the end of child labor
In conclusion Mr.. Mitchell advised
his hearers to aid other unions by pur-
chasing only union made goods. and
promised the strikers that allegiance to
the union would bring greater results
in the future.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
MILWAUKEE, MEN WIN.
Engineers and Firemem on Rig New
Engines Get Raised.

CHICAGO. Nov. 12.-Between 1000
and 1,5O0 engineers and firemen on the
Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul system
have been notified that material con-
cessOns in the matter Of pay and
working time have been granted to
them. The men who handle the throt-
ties on the powerful three wheelers'
hanceforWard will receive 81 for every
100 miles they cover while in the cabs
an increase Of Is cents over the old
wages. The engineers on the compound
engines, which are used exclusively in
the passenger service, will get $685. for
every 100 miles, an increase of Is cents
and the firemen on the big locomotives
will receive an increase of ten cents
per 100 miles, the pay being raised
from $40 to $3.50.
Hereafter ten hours will be accepted
as a days work on switch engines,
instead Of eleven hours. Under the
eleven hour rule the firemen on the
switch engines received $1.79 a day.
Under the new rule the fremen will
receive $175 a day. The scale for
switch engineers 1910 a day will re-
main unchanged.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
Railroad Blacklist Practice.

The practice of blacklisting employees
by the railroad companies has become
almost universal. A letter written by
the manager of the illinois Central to
,other railway managers contains this
statement: 1.-The under-noted men Of
transportation department have been
discharged, or have left the service un-
der circumstances rendering it unde-
sirable for them to be re-employed by
this company, and if they apply to
lyon, you are requested to deny them
employment without first conforming
to general rule No. $780," Then fol-
lows twenty names of men to be placed
on the blacklist.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
NINETY YEARS Ago
,xIONlSN N THE COURTS OF NEW
YORK ~ $50.
Members Of the ShOemNker>' lniDn
Fined $500 Each for Striking
Against the Employment of IL
Nom-lninn Nnn-SOMc Great Le::Nl
Case IL Forgotten in History.

I The most important Of the early Ia
! Dor troubles In New York city was the
' strike and subsequent prosecution of
the journeymen cordwainers (shoemak-
! ers) in 1SO9-10. 1t is singular that q
case so interesting and one which for a
time probably attracted wide attention
should have left so empty record in
history. 1t is not mentioned in the city
histories of Mrs. Lamb, Miss Booth
Mr.. Losing, General Wilson, Mr.. Stone
or Mr.. Nalintfne. Professor Elm says
nothing of it recounting the early la
Dor troubles in his History of the La
Dor Movement, and Professor Nc
Masters likewise fails to mention it in
the latest volume of his History OF
the American People, wherein he
gathers the record of a number of sim
liar cases.
\ history Of the affair is to be found
in little volume presented to the AS
tor library by Worthington c. and Paul
Leicester Ford. 1t bears the title
Trial of the Journeymen CordWainers
Of the City Of New York for a Conspir-
acy to Raise Their Wages and was
i printed by I. Riley in 1910. The COM
piler of the volume was William Samp-
son, who defended the shoemakers in
the trial. Sampson was a remarkable
character. Born in Londonderry. Ire
land. in 1854. the son Of a Presbyterian
minister he became first solicitor and
afterWard a barrister. His political &C
tivity led to his prosecution in 1898, and
he was exiled to Portugal.
Again arrested and for a time inn
prisoned. he escaped from the con
+! tinent and came to New York where
he remained till his DEATH in 1886 He
continued the practice of law, and also
published number of works of re-
lig TO- political nature. but his chic
activity lay in a constantly maintained
hostility to the common law of Eng.
land as applied to American judica
, ture. and it is due to his efforts that a
great deal was done, in the early days
! Of this state, toward the passage of
legislation amending and clarifying the
residue Of English common law left
/ over from colonial times.
He was something of political and
social radical, and he eagerly took ul
the cause Of the shOemakers These
craftsmen had formed union in 1905
had adopted scale of prices and haC
made certain conditions requisite t.
employment Of the members. By $50!
the union had 1S6 members, probably
about half OF the journeymen Of that
trade in the city It appears also
Though the point is not clear) that
higher scale for piece work was de.
manded at this time. Among the items
in the scale demanded are two requir
ing $2.15 and 1915 for the making Of
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
AS TO SLCoND STRIKE
BELIEVED NONE WILL Occur IN
THE COLlIERIES.
Agreement Entered Into IL BcinG
Carried Out ana Wen Are
Satisfied

HAZLETON, Pa, Nov. 11.-When
asked today about the story published
yesterday to the effect that there would
likely be another strike at the collieries
of the Lehigh Valley Coal company. be-
cause Of the alleged refusal to grant a
reduction on the price Of dynamite, and
that President Mitchell, of the United
Mine Workers, and President Gompers,
of the American Federation of Labor,
would meet tomorrow in Scranton, to
talk over the situation, Division Super
intendent Zerby, who has charge of all
the Lehigh Valley collieries in the
Hazleton district said: Il know moth
ing of any dissa tisfaction. The agree
ment entered into with our men is
being carried out. I am not able how
ever. to speak for my superiors. |
know of no difficulty.'
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
The Youths Companion Calendar

More thought and expense than ever
fore have been lavished on the CAL
endar which the publishers of the
Youths Companion will present to ev-
cry one subscribing for the new vol
ume for 1901 since it is to be SOU
venir of the papers 18th year. 1t is
an exceptionally attractive Calendar,
and has been designed and Autographed
for the Companion exclusively. The
central figure of the calendar is an
plymouth. and the t. colors in which
the calendar is Autographed reproduce
the delicate coloring of the artists orig
mai painting with perfect fidelity.
After the usefulness of the calendar
is past. the portrait of Priscilla can be
cut out and framed and preserved as
Il beautiful household ornament.
This; calendar, which is sold to nun-
subscribers to the Youths Companion
for 50 cents, will be given to all sub
ScrberS for 1901, who will also receive
in addition to the 81 issues Of the new
volume, all the issues OF the paper for
IN" remaining weeks Of 1900 free from
the tim" of subscription. illustrated
announcement Of the volume for 1901
Will be sent free with sample copies Of
the paper to any address.
THE YOUTHS COMPANION,
Boston, Mass
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
CHEAP CHINESE LABOR
,,, 49,, ~
Liable tn Flood the COuntry-Exclu-
sion Act Expires in 1902 w

Liable t" Flood the Country-Exclu-
sion Act Expires in 1902. "
At the meeting of the Central Labor
Union Of New York. Chairman James
Mcclure called the attention of the
delegates to the fact that the Chinese
exclusion act will expire in 1902, and
urged organized labor to see to it that
lit be re-enacted. He said:
THE Chinese exclusion act will ex-
pire in 1902. Unless we are on the
alert Cinnamon will pour in among us
and the country will be filled with
cheap labor.
II wish to give this timely warning
so that the working men and women
throughout the United States shall
take measures to have another exclu-
sion bill passed. Visit your congress-
man and see how he stands on the
question. Put him on record.''
The remarks were we'll received, and
| it is to be hoped will be promptly act
J. ed upon.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
%1OO-R eVvnrd-%1OO,

The readers of theis paper will be
pleased to learn that there is at least
one dreaded disease that science has
Deen able to cure in all it's stages anG
that is Catarrh. Halls Catarrh cure
is the only positive cure known to ths
MEDICAL fraternity. Catarrh being /;
constitutional disease. requires q con
stltutlonal treatment. Halls Catarrh
cure is taken internally. acting direct
" upon the blood and mucous surfaces
foundation of the disease, and giyine
the patient strength by building up the
constitution and assisting nature in 40
ing it's work: The proprietors have SO
much faith in its curative powers that
thew offer One Hundred Dollars for any
case that it. fails to cure. Send for list
OF testimonials. Address,
F. J. CHENEY Il CO.. Toledo q
Sold by Druggists. 75c. "
Halls Family Pills are the best.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
ANNUAL REPORT.

Shows 1850 Linotype Machines BEING
Used in American Offices.
Recently at the annual meeting of
the Mergenthaler Linotype Co., the
president referred to the fact that 1880
American printing offices are using the
linotype. Of these 39T have one ma
chine, 305 two each, 40 three each,
while scores of Offices contain from ten
Ito twenty machines and several thirty
leach. Two daily papers run 81 limo
TYPES each and one SO. The net profit
for last year amounted to $1,919, 165,
against $1,167,000 the year before. One
thousand and fifty-eight machines
with a rental value Of 1857, 645, were
|rented out and 553 sold.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17

and the non-union workman. Edward
Witness. The constitution and scale
Of prices of the union were presented
as evidence of conspiracy by the dis
trict attorney without objection. Trade
unionists of today who pay from SO
cents to 81 per month for dues are far
more heavily taxed than their fore
runners a century ago. The shoemak-
ers paid but 81 cents per month, and
their initiation fee was but 49, cents.
1t was shown by the evidence that
Witness was a troublesome customer
to deal with. He evidently belonged to
the union when he chose and let his OBJ
legations go by when it pleased him.
The union men had turned out from
the Corwin&Ames shop on account of
him, but the proprietors, with sapi-
ence which has been initiated since,
had their work done secretly in union
shops. This caused general turn
OUT whereupOn the masters gave in.
! The defense wanted to show that the
masters had themselves formed a com
bination to protect themselves in pre-
csely the way Of the Workmen. But
the court refused to hear this, declar-
ing that such an act. even though un-
lawful, would not Justify the workers
in doing an unlawful act.
Further the defense wanted to show
that the scale Of prices of the union
was reasonable, since it furnished the
workers only d bare maintenance and
further that the masters made an ex-
: tOrtiOnatc profit off the Workmen's la
Dor. The court refused to hear either
! of these contentious
| July IA the case was concluded. The
Attorneys summed up, and the presid-
ing justice charged the jury. a verdict
of guilty kas given. The presiding
! justice then gave at some length his
Workmen were Untitled to combine for
their interests, to decide upon condi-
. tions and wages and to refuse to work.
/ The shOemakers had been too arbitra-
~, and the case must therefore go
against them, though the punishment
would be but nominal. Accordingly
they were each fined 81 and costs.
: There the record ends Doubtless the
finding has been used in subsequent
cases as a precedent. and perhaps one
may find it referred to in the state re-
ports. Oddly enough, it passed out of
the notice of chroniclers and historians,
even from the notice of historians of
the social and labor movement.-W j.
Client in New York Commercial Ad-
vertiser.
Subscribe for the Labor World.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
less he wished. He Furthermore in
|stanced the thirty fifth section of the


|stanced the thirty-fifth section of the
Estate constitution, which ordained that
only such parts of the common law OF
England as had been made part OF
the colonial law of New York previous
to April 10, 1775, and were no repug-
nant to the United States constitution
and to the peace and order Of repub-
lican form of government, were to- be
considered a part of the common or
|statute law Of the state. The refusal
Of the right of workingmen to organize
was greatly repugnant to a constitution
based on equal rights.
District Attorney Riker. prosecuting
the shoemakers, commended that the
common law was the same in this
country as in England, with no other
exceptions than those specified and de-
clared: that by the common law of
England the conspiracies stated in the
indictment were criminal and that the
counts in the Indictment were good in
! form and substance New York was
| territory conquered by the United
States and coded by Great Britain. and
the ancient law remained until new
laws We're made. The royal patent
given to the governor of the colony had
contained grant of the common law
of England, and this remained as the
fundamental law of the state in the
absence of express counter provisions.
Mr.. Emmett Gin all probability Thorn
as Adds Emmett, grandfather of the
more famous DR.. Thomas Adds En-
metz followed in a. scholarly presenta-
ton of the prosecutions side of the
case. He was followed by Mr.. Samp-
son, who now made a general attack
on English common law, instancing
the innumerable absurdities, injustices
and cruelties of which it was formed.
He still declared that combination
such as that Of the shoemakers was
not indictable under the common law
and that no one pretended is was in
dictabfe under statute law.
| And now followed a series of inter-
ruptions. The court deferred judg-
ment, and at the next session, Mayor
Clinton being absent, the other two
! justices could not agree, and no judg-
ment was given. In the meantime the
Jeffersonians had carried the state at
general election, and the new council
made Jacob Radcliff mayor. At the
April QS10) session the new mayor de-
clared that since he had not heard the
arguments he could not decide, and at
the June session it was agreed to call
a special session for rendering judg-
ment. The three justices now consist
ed of Mayor Radcliffe, Recorder j. O.
Hoffman and Alderman Nicholas Fish.
They met July -. Mr.. Golden had in
the meantime been appointed district
attorney and, having appeared for the
defense. declined to take part in the
prosecution. Accordingly a Mr. Griffin
was substituted, Mr. Emmett continu-
ing as assistant prosecutor.
i The first thought of all present was
to submit the arguments as already
made for a decision. But the printer
had been delayed and Mr.. Coldens ar
gument had been lost. TIE motion to
quash the Indictment was waived by
the defense, a jury was chosen, the de-
PENDANTS pleaded not guilty, and the
trial began.
A number of witnesses were exam
ined, including several of the masters
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17

the SuWarrOW boot, a snowy dress
boot named after the Russian marshal
which had a Is years run of fashion
in America, beginning abut 1901
Feeling it's strength, the union deter
mined to enforce it's scale, and a gener-
al turn out" occurred during the sum-
mer or early fall Of 1909
Twenty-four members of the unior
were indicted on Dec. II. in a bill OF
nine counts, charging them with per.
niciously and decietfully designing" by
means of a union OF workers in THEN
art. mystery and occupatio "un-
lawfully and unjustly to extort grea
sums of money from their masters
with refusing to work for two masters
James Corwin and Charles Aimes, un.
less they discharge one Edward Whit
ess: with "wickedly trying to improy.
lsh Whltess, and so on against the
peace and order Of the good people O
New York state
! The preliminary hearing was held or
Dec. 16. before Mayor Dewitt Clinton
and Alderman Peter a. Meiser an(
Thomas Carpenter, Justices of the cour1
nf general sessions. Sampson, wht
was assisted by Mr.. (afterWard district
attorney Golden. intimated his jntcn
ton of moving to Quash the indictment
and the Justices set the following Mon.
day. the 18th, for the hearing. Their
occurred Il great legal battle. SamD
son. who was no mean orator and was
besides an educated and .resOurcefu
man. spread his argument over the
greater part of two days He. contend
ed that under the common law of Ems.
land such combinations were never
held to be cnnspiracies: that even il
they had been they never were so jr
this country: that in England such in.
dlctments could only be made on the
basis of the statuts of labOrers the
f1rst OF which was passed after the
black death of 134S-9 and that these
statutes never were in force in Ameri
ca. His speech bristled with classica
|alluslOnS and was weighted heavil,
with creations from English statutes
and rulings. He quoted Blackstone t,
show that the doctrine that English
|commOn law went Of it's own force in.
to Lands colonized by Englishmen was
subject to important qualifications ani
restrictions.
FINISHING his argument on the seconC
day. Mr.. Golden continued the defense
lattacklng both the form and the sub
stance of the Indictment, declaring
that the shoemakers insisted merel,
That they couldn't work under certain
conditions and that the law had nc
power to compel any one to work un.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
SOCIALISTIC.
John VI. Hunter Says that Is the
Trend of English Labor Unions.

John VI. Hunter Says that Is the
Trend of English Labor Unions.
John M. Hunter, president of the mine
workers of Illinois, in speaking of his
experience at the British trades union
congress, Huddersfield, England, where
he was sent as fraternal delegate
from the American Federal ton of La
Dor, said: THE members of the con-
gress struck me as being very able
set of men, who. while as earnest as
their brothers in America, are like
wise more deliberate. The trend of the
movement in Great Britain is clearly
along socialistic lines, and many Of the
leading workers appear to be in ad-
vance of the trade organizations, which
seem inclined to a more conservative
course
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
STRIKE WAS SfiORTdIVED.
Photographers on Strike For Less
Than Half an Hour.

LAS ANGELES: CAL. Nov. ia
strike was ordered on the Santa Fe
system today involving all the tele-
graph operators West of Albuquerque,
including those in the employ of the
Southern California and San Joaquin
Valley roads. The strike, however, was
of short duration. none of the mer
actually leaving their posts. Within
thirty minutes of the first order, which
emanated from the grievance committee
Of the Brotherhood Of Photographers a,
Chicago, there came a second Orde,
directing the men to resume work. 1t
is presumed that concessions were
made to the brotherhood to call tho
strike Off.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
ELECTRIC l.INEMEN STKIk T..
san Antonio without LOrni or Lou,
Distance Telephone.

SAN ANTONIO, Tex, Nov j2--For
ten days the electric Iinemen and tele-
phone operators have been on IL strike:
and the city has been without either
local or long distance telephone ser
vice. Business men to the number of
900 have discontinued the service. Of the
Southwestern Telegraph 4 Telephone
company and have asked the new tele-
phone company, which is being pro-
NOTED by Ohio capitalists. to concede.
the demand of the striking linemen.
which is for 81 per day wages and re-
ceive orders for over 900 telephones.
The new company has declined the pro-
position.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
Amend Chinese .Aca,

Y. J. Elderkin, an official of the
Seamen's union, will offer a resolution
at the coming convention of the Ameri-
can Federation of Labor calling upon
congress not only to extend the Chin
csc exclusion act, bit to SO amend it
that it will be impossible for Cinnamon
to enter this country under any cir
cumStances
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
refused to Adopt Union Clause.

tailed to secure the adoption of a un-
ion clause in the contracts of the
school council, and threatens to do all
manner of things With the members
of the school board who voted against
the proposition.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
Sugar Trust Dividends,

Last week the American Sugar Re-
fining company, commonly known as
the sugar trust, declared a quarterly
dividend of one and three-quarters per
cent onits common stock. This is an
increase of one-quarter of one per cent
over previous dividends, and makes it
the same as that on the preferred stock
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
DOCTOR YOURSELF.

G0EOVA m rs E End amas far Rt for
live cure Of Gonorrhoea. elect. Unnat-
u t;1na discharg ;s Int1ammati9ns. Irrita-
tlons and. Ulcerations of the mucous
imembranes. An Internal remedy with
Injection combined. warranted to cure
worst cases in one week. s. per pack
age. or 2 for SIS. Sent anywhere on re-
GENT OF price. and guaranteed by THE
KIDD, DRUG CO.. Elgin. iii. Retail
and wholesale by S. r. Bovce and Max
Wtrth: druggists. Duluth. and Nygrens
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
Here's One Of the Trust.

An inventor in Germany claims to
have discovered a process whereby he
can make flour from wood, and the
bread made from this flour is said to
be wholesome and palatable. Put the
biscuit trust on to this. They can
grind up those fifty cent boxes and
pass them out as bread. I:;.y,- s,.,s. sz.sss7.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
National EiGht-HOur DAY.

The convention Of the National Asso-
'ciation of Bridge and Structural Iron
Workers of America decided to make a
movement at the most opportune time
to secure a general observance of the
eight-hour workday law. 1t was also
decided to extend their union to Europe
and South Africa. There were fifteen
large cities represented in the conven-
ton
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
Bakers Win Il Hard FiGh

Bakers have succeeded. after strug-
gle for fifteen months, to unionize one
of the largest bakeries in Rochester.
n. Y. Every baker working in the es-
Enlistment was obliged to join the
union.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
LiSh N.rNDherx HIVE. Troubles

Lithographers' union of New York is
fighting the firm of Mclaughlin Bros,
publishers of children's' games and
books, which refuses to recognize the
union. AS the holiday trade is ap-
preaching, a vigorous warfare will be
carried on against the concern.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
Textile Operatives to Meet.

American Federation of Textile Oper-
atives have issued call for national
convention to meet in Washington. D.
c., an December II. An effort will be
made to thoroughly organize the south
ern operatives
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
Beer Handlers Or"a nizc.

Beer drivers of Youngstown, O., have
oeen granted a charter by Brewery
Workers union. Likewise the Beer
drivers and Stablemen's union in Gin
clnnati, and Beerbottlers' union of
Minneapolis.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1900-11-17
CiSHrInakerS Growing.

Clgarmakers chartered new unions at
durham, N. c.: Cedar Rapids, Ia: Ma
rengo and Spring Valley III. Benton
Harbor, Mich, cigarmakers organized
and applied for charter-Nominatio
for international officers has Just
closed.