The sun., 1900-08-19
VII.

While the northern and middle sections OF
Peru. including both the sierra and the coast
valleys, were overspread in early times by i'm
migrants from the forested basin OF the ANA
zon River. the Quichua- Aymara race, ultimately
destined to dominate the country in its whole
extent approached IL at comparatively re-
cent date from the southeast The previous
home Of this race appears 10 have been the
highland district Of Bolivia. the great counter
fort OF the Andes which separated the once
existing MoIos Lake from the ancient Argen-
tine Sea, and now stretches eastward
from beneath the lofty submits OF the eastern
cordlera, gradually decreasing until it disap-
pears in the plain where the Mamore River
flows northward 10 the Amazon. and the Pill
comayu southwark to the Paraguay; IL in
cluded also the mountainous northwest region
OF Argentina, district known 10 the Qulchua-
Aymara by the name OF Cucum an. or the Worlds
End" long after they had established them
selves as the dominant people OF Peru Origi-
naly thev must hsv' come from the nelghbor-
Ing lowlan 1s. and Mr. Payne suggests that they
may have been descended from fishing popu-
lation inhabiting the margin OF the Argentine
Sea In their next stage they appear 10 have
been hunters who pursued the huanaco and
vicuna on the slopes Of the Andes, throughout
which, from Patagonia TO the equator, these
Titicaoa invited them 70 permanent settlement:
this. according TO traction universally 40
cepted and deemed by our author entirely
credible. was tho principal centre and earliest
seat OF Peruvian advancement Here the sun
emerged from Its hiding place. the sacred rock
OF I1ucaca, after the deluge; here in the an
cient pueblo OF 1iahuanaco. Pachacamac had
fashioned man from clay.
The FISH and water fow Of the lake were OBJ
vious attractions 10 a wandering people. the
potato and Quinoa bean. already perhaps culti-
waited by the immigrants in their original home.
yielded ample crops when planted on the shore:
from the wild huanacos and vicuhas herds OF
llaInas and pacos were in due time formed and
were carried with them by the conductors OF
subsequent mgrations. From the lake basin
as centre. the settled life thus established
spread northward and westward, wherever
the wild huanaco and vicuna and the domesti-
Gated llama and paco found pasture, these hunter
herdsmon wandered forth In well armed COM
panes. SUBJ ugating the lower tribes already
settled In the valleys and reclaming them from
gross fetichism. and introducing among them
tho worship Of the Sun Such, at least was the
account furnished by their descendants 10 the
Spaniards, Agriculture and especially the
cultivation OF maize had been already known
In some limited degree to the earlier population
Inc heNcoihers organized IL on a more ample
basis and perfected. II they did not invent, the
arts of irrigation and terrace building Thus
came into existence tho composite advancement
OF the Peruvian sierra; unique In the new world
from its combination Of agriculture and herd
manshp and incapable os extension In the hot
valleys OF the coast and the montana, where the
climate and the lack Of pasture absolutely ex-
cluded the pace. and the harder llama only
appearsas an occasional and temporary visitant.
The organization OF the Inca dominion A.
best understood by considering It as group Of
districts which had been added In rapid sue
cession to the district OF Clzoo the original seat
oi the Inca clan. When middle Peru tile upper
valley OF the iiuillcamavu end the basin of lake
llticaca were successfully conquered. the ad.
ministrative arrangements OF the Clzco district
were naturally reproduced in each Of these new
provinces. these arrangements seem 70 hnya
been OF sn extremely simple nature In each
pueblo Of the original Inca district there wa, |