Evening journal., 1900-04-12
EXHIBIT IN FORESTRY
Is NOW ON ITS WAY TO THE PARIS
EXPOSITION.

Washington. ID. c., April 9.-The ex-
hibit of the division of forestry for the
Paris Exposition Is now complete and
on the way to Paris. lt will be one OF
the most novel of the government ex-
hibits and will be wholly distinct from
the commercial features OF numbering
to be shown in another department.
The display will be In the form OF a
hall or pagoda. the walls Of which con
sist or large transparencies Illustrating
American forest conditions These
walls will be double and Illuminated
by interior electric lights. The pictures
range in size from by feet to by
feet There will be two transparencies
G by 10 feet, portraying groves of red
fir and California big trees, two OF the
most impressive American trees.
A point will be made of the relation
Of forestry to agriculture, and such
subjects as protective forests, the use
of trees in preserving water supply.
, the management of woodlands. etc.
are fully illustrated. The extent OF
the timber resources OF the United
States will be shown by pictures from
all important lumber regions. The dis
tributiOn Of forests will be shown by
maps Twenty Of the most important
American woods will be represented by
sections Of trees.
WESTERN HEMLOCK.v
The Western hemlock is to be the
subject OF a special investigation this
Summer by the Division OF Forestry
and a party of experts will spend sew
eral months in the Puget Sound region
making observations and measure
ments Of that species OF hemlOck.
Although one OF the largest and most
/ widely distributed trees in the Pacific
Northwest. it suffers from the preju-
dice against the Eastern hemlock a
| closely allied. but much inferior spe-
cies, and for this reason has almost no
commercial value. 1t grows at its best
on the cool damp slopes of the Wash
ington and Oregon mountains, where
it is frequently 200 feet high and 10
feet in diameter, or even larger in IA
vorable situations. 1t occasionally
forms a dense pure forest, but is more
often mixed with red fir the most i'm
portant timber tree Of the Northwest
and is usually left standing by the
lumbermen because there is no sale
for the lumber.
The wood of the Western hemlock is
less apt to be shaky, is stronger, more
durable, and more easily worked than
that of the Eastern species. The bark
Is said to contain much tannin.
BY the present method of lumber
ing, immense quantities of hemlock
are destroyed annually, for it is left tc
be burned by the fires which frequent
ly follow the removal of the fir. II is
believed that if this hemlock can be
given its true value before the public
Logging methods may be modified. and
even if the market develops slowly
there will be a greater effort to pre-.
vent waste.
An important feature OF this inves
ugatlon Will be to ascertain the rat,
Of growth and the time required Z,
4, produce a merchantable stand. Th,
. Western hemlOck possesses remark
able powers of reproduction and MAY
be counted on to refOrest lOgged-of
areas.
A single acre Of Washington timber
recently measured by the Division o
Forestry, contained 21S.690 feet b. NJ
OF red fir, l1,000 feet of hemlock. ans
5000 feet of cedar; making a tota
b stand of 1885, 500 feet. The smalles
fir on the acre was 3 feet in diamete
and the largest feet. The height o
the forest approximated 800 feet. Tn,
hemlock was scaled down to 20 inche
IN diameter and had it been scaled Il
II or IA inches, as customary in tn
East, the stand would have been sew
e eral thousand feet greater This acr
was measured near Wilkeson. Wash
r ington, about thirty miles from Ia
coma.
The average stand. per acre for l3
acres measured by the same party nea
Buckley, in the same county. was rs
4O2 feet Of red fir; 20, 1O5 feet of hem
y lock, 5000 feet of cedar. 2.175 feet q
q spruce, and 593 feet of white fir.
r total stand of 1926 feet. In thes
i measurements no trees less than tw
d feet in diameter were scaled. No al
/. lowance however, was made in tb
j. above calculation for Gull. The 13
acres were taken in various parts of
township and represent with fair accu
racy the stand throughout that towr
l. ship. The significance Of these figure
1t is apparent when it is remembere
: that 10000 feet per acre is considere
l. heavy stand in all lumber region
Al east of the Mississippi
oil