The evening times., 1900-04-02
AMERICAS MEAT TRADE
Development of the swine and Cat
tie Raising Industry.


tie Raising Industry.
The present agitariou In Germany for the
exclusion Of American meats lends a spe-
cial timeliness TO the monograph Of the
Treasury Bureau Of Statistics on The
! Provision Trade Of the United States
This monograph. which appears in the
Monthly Summary for February is one
Of series OF articles dealing with the pro
duction distribution. and consumption Of
American staples. and especially with their
transportation within this country.
The development or swine and cattle
raising In the United States presents feat
! ures Of peculiar interest The United States
has achieved a unique position among
swine-raising countries. with a total OF
more than one-half Of the worlds supply o.
swine The discussion shows that the de-
yelopment within :he country has consist
I ed chiefly in movement from the East to
| the West following the broad course Of the
[ corn belt. and that this Westward move
! ment has been TO a stiu greater extent
true Of the horned cattle Of the country.
The great growth Of Americas swine
/ raising industry has been Of the utmost
{ Importance 10 the farmers Of the country,
I o-uNt II udH lui Ilhutu LueIu an OuLleL- Olu-
! erwise difficult to obtain. for their sur
I plus corn. The hog has become not only
! a converter but a condenser Of valuee
and as such has sought out Eastern and
European markets in eases where 10 would
/ nave been quite Improbable TO transport
corn.
The development Of sw're and cattle
raising has also been Influenced by the
/ phenomenal growth Of the packing indus
try OF the country. This evolution pre-
sents features of interest from the time
/ when in Colonial days primitive packing
/ was carried on in New England down 10
/ later times. when. about 1920 the protO-
( type OF the modern packing house was
{ established in Cincinnati In those days
I Cincinnati possessed pecuii.. s..'~autages
/ To- this Industry Adjacent to the com
I helds Of Ohio. Indiana, and Kentucky. Gin
/ ciDnau possessed the further advantage
/ OF being situated on the Ohio River down
! which her packed products were shipped
/ to New Orleans. 10 be reshipDcd TO Phila-
! delphia, New York and Boston. The west
I ward movement Of the centre Of The corn
/ belt. however, and the successful cOmpcti-
/ tiou OF the eastbOuHd railroads with the
! long devious and uncertain Mississippi
/ route. gave 10 Chicago in the early sixties
! an immense advantage. and achieved for
I that city a re-eminence &c has since
] maintained diluol-1 Kansas iltN and
/ Omaha are now rapidly forging 20 the
/ fore
! The monograph TO which reference has
I been made traces this development 0f the
| packing industry down 10 the present time.
: II also gives statistics Of winter and sum
mer packing at various centres. together
I with receipts and shipments OF live ami
mais and OF provisions. as well as stati--
I ties Of the routes by which they are re-
.-eeived or shipped and OF their source or
/ destination
! detailed analysis is made Of America s
I fore gn trade in live enimals aud prov
! sions, and statistics Tor the l1si ten years
I are furnished, 81 wing the changes in the
/ ports OF eXporra,lon or iH the country OF
/ destination The article further contains
/ tables on the French and German i'm
/ portatiOns OF meats. showing the eject OF
I the policy or restriction in the early sos
{ AID considerable space is devoted 10 The
/ treatment Of the British market FOR pro
/ visions The monograph concludes with a
/ series OF tables. showing the statistics of
; cattle. sheep. and swine for a number OF
. years in all the principal countries Of The
/ world.
4 The United States IS now the worlds
I greatest producer and exporter OF meats.
/ which form one OF the most important feat
I ureS OF American export trade In 1857 the
1 total expectation of provisions and live
I animals was Slo2 1880. and in 1892 their
[ total was S2o1, l05. .637. having thus doubled
/ meantime. and forming in 1899 l-2 per
( cent OF the total exports Of that year.