The Savannah morning news. (Savannah, Ga.) 1900-current, 1900-06-17
The FACTORY IN The HOME.
FsOw THE FARMER MAY GET BET
TER RESULTS FROM HIS COTTON.

in other COuntries-Some Facts
That Arc Worthy of Careful Con-
sideratiOn-keep the Profits at
Home-A Striking Presentation of
an Interesting Subject.
Editor Savannah Morning News:-A
pound Of cotton. worth s cents. when made
into plaids. sells for "a cents; If manufac
tured into mercerzed cloth it sells Tor
81 %: if manufactured into nainsook It
commands the fabulous price of 800. and
the more fabulous price of sac if made
into Swiss embroidery laces. AS one in
terested in cotton planting ask, is there
not some way by which the cotton planter
can get the benefit of these prices for his
cotton, or for certain grades of the staple?
1t is the purpose of this article 10 suggest
how it may be done, in large measure,
ty Inanufa cturing in the home circle the
finest cloths that can be made from cot
ton. There lies before me the Electic
Magazine of December, 1888 page 745,
which gives a resume of what is being
done along this line in other countries.
and by your permission I will give your
readers the interesting facts which the
nails of the nations doing the largest man
ufacturing business. The plan proposes
that there shall be introduced a line ma
chine into every farmers home that VIII
do fine work, weaving the very finest cot
ton goods. Two things will be shown;
First, that life on farm is no obstacle
TO one becoming skillful in operating the
machine that makes the fine cloths; sec
ond that small, fine looms in the homes
of the people give a powerful Impulse 10
the building Of large factories, and wneh-
ever there is the greatest number OF large
manufactures, there. in the Immediate
neighborhood of the factory, are homes IN
which there are fine hand looms and other
small machines. Every home, whose chill
dren operate small machines, is thus
nursery from which the large factory
draws It's future operatives. In many IN
stances the mandatory furnishes the
cation and the machine, and then at home
I'm their own cottages, the peasants weave
the material into muslin on small and fine
hand looms. On reading the maya
zine referred to it will be seen
tbat everywhere agriculture tnriVes pest
where It is combined with these niue
factories in the home circle. Large fac
tories have certain advantages, but the
factory at home has equal advantages.
The large factory in numerous instances
has its finest cloths woven in the homes
Of the farmers. This union or agracul-
ture and manufacturing is no new thing
As far back as the middle ages, the cioth
worn by the richer classes of the cities,
WINS made on the medieval farms, and
40 this dav the fine silks sold in the best
Moscow stores, are made by peasants IN
their homes. The modern hand loom,
which is working these great results for
the producer as well as for the Wearer
Of cotton Is a machine as small and as
chi nVs a
writing machine. Many silk weaving ma
crimes are made to weave the finer cotton
goods. The mercerized cloth Is cotton
converted into silk, by a chemical process
the formula of which, the writer has,
and he thinks the general public should
know that it Is so simple that any FAR
rners wife can make the solution as easily
as she can dye piece of cloth. In Eu-
rope capitalists invest their money In
these hand looms, and rent them to OPP
eratives for use In their homes. In some
of the large manufacturing cities, the
factory has its own large power looms,
and also lets out to operatives hand
looms" to be operated at home. When
speaking of power looms" the large
loom used in the factory rs what Is meant.
The manufacture of silk is spreading over
Europe, not by the power looms" but by
the increasing number of hand looms In
the homes of the people. In England,
or similar small machines, equals the
number of those employed in the big fac
tories. In Leeds and Yorkshire, the fac
tory spins the wool, then let's it Qua to
the homes, where 1t is woven into the fin
est broadcloth and other fine wooden
goods. Even those most difficult of fine
cloths, the imitation sealskins and the
wooden fancy goods. are made in tie
homes Of the Leeds and Yorkshire peas
ants. Lace for embroidery and lace goods
IN general are in many instances made
at the homes of the poor in
South Devon, and Oxford. and Belfor1.
Several of the great London firms send
out material to be woven into cloth in
the homes of Sussex and Hampshire. In
the evidence given before a committee of
the city of London IT is stated that the
fine cloth palaces and bazaars Of Lon
don are exhibitions of goods made on the
small machines in the homes OF the COM
mon people In France the number of
hand looms nearly doubles that of the
power looms. In Tarsre France. the large
factory spins the thread for the finest
Inuslns, then sends out this prepared ma
terial into the homes of the peasantry
where it is woven into muslin that makes
the nine cent cotton sell for so cents The
same authority says that every farmers
home, all around Tarare, is a little fac
tory, where you often see a lad, after his
days work in the field, busy at night en-
broidering fine muslins, because he likes
the work of operating a complex embroid-
ering machine. Cotton velyets are woven
TO a very considerable amount in the
homes of Nord and Normandy. In the
weaving of fine silks the large factory has
not been able to compete with the hand
loom. In Lyons, France, there were 2O,00)
power looms and so 900 hand looms. There
the merchant simply gives to the weaver
the design or pattern he wants woven,
md all ha I'M orr ~
are woven in the homes OF the workers
In the handloom manufacture of lace,
there are in Normandy 10000 women en-
ployed. and in France nearly 200 00). In
the knitting trade manufacture around
Troyes there care 10000 persons using in
their homes a great variety of small ma
chimes, making knitted goods Of every
description. Nearly fve-sixths OF The Paris
workers are similarly employed. This
form Of industry is even more important
in Germany. where there are $4,000 per-
sons engaged in manufacture in their own
houses and two-thirds of them are max
ing testile goods. In the works of Thun,
Engel and many others we have excel
lent descriptions OF several branches of
these industries. Hungary, Switzerland
and Italy have also very considerable
'hand loom industries in the homes OF
the operatives But it is Russia that man
ufacturing in the homes OF the operatives
so 600 population of European Russia.
100000 use small machines in their homes,
and their production reaches the enormous
IN.