The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1900-04-29
his temperance on another height.
which was In turn assailed.


had been going on for long time. by
a secret treaty with Russia, prior to
the breaking out os the Russo Turkish
war, they had been set apart for Aus
tria-Hungary a. the price of noninter-
ference in the war. The Berlin treaty
simply confirmed this pre-cxisting ar
rangement. While an army had been
mobilizcd for the purpose Of occupa-
ticn, 1t was not thought that there
would be much fighting. for the major
ity of the inhabitants were Christians.
who, 1t was expected. would welcome
the change of allegiance. The 100000
Mussuimans were certainly suspected.
but as they comprised the majority Of
the propertied classes and landowners.
1t was hoped that even they would wei
come an orderly and settled admins
tration, after the civil war which had
so long ragged in those provinces. The
provinces lay Immediately adjacent to
other territory Of the empire. the coua-
try was fairly well known to Austrian
military officers. and in distinction from
South Africa. the extent of the country
was quite small and distances to be
Travelled by no means great.
The originsl army Of occupation sen.
by Austria to take possession OF these
provinces numbered 1883 men. with III
guns and 1885 horses and mules. With
those left to guard the frontier, the
whole number Of men in active service
reached fully 100000. All OF the Bos-
mans and Herxegovinians under arms,
including the Turkish troops who az
forwards Joined them. did not reach
anything like this number. They had
been making no especial preparations
to resist the Austrians. they were far
from efficiently armed. and from The
EuioIesn standpoint they were deficien.
or completely lacking in drill and dlsci
pltne. The Austrian army entered Pos
MIA IN four columns on August 1. Tie
advance was conducted in the teeth Of
continuous opposition. fighting being Of
almost daily occurrence. The Bosnians
would occupy height. which the Aus
TRANS usually contrived to storm, with
great !oss to themselves, only to frd
that their foes had betaken themselves
to another eminence which had to DO
stormed In its turn.
Count Sxapary's division, after fire.
quent and hardly contested fights. had
to retreat. The difficuities were en,r.
nous. The horses broke down. and the
guns an6 ambulances containing the
wounded had to be dragged by the SOL
dlcrs themselves: while the enemy con-
tinually assaied them from the heights
beneath which they had to pass and
attacked them In intrenched positions
on three separate days. Austrian ter
ritory was actually invaded. and the
alarm IT Vienna was very great. Be-
fore The country was successfully oc-
cupied. an army of upwards OF 100000
men. with $50 guns. had to be poured
into the provinces. and the campaign
was not brought to close until Octo-
Der 20. The Austrian loss in killed and
and In addition to this there were 2.2e3
deaths from disease and wounds. Yet
Bosnia and Herzegovina together cover
but 24.o24 square miles Of territory ard
lie directly on the borders OF the Aus
trian empire. which thus had no difIi-
cultles OF original transport to deal with
and no immense distances to traverse.
as L. the case In South Africa.
The campaign In Bosnia clearly DEM
ons;rated what the British are only now
learning. that a disciplined European
army has no advantages over hastily
levied force Of hardy mountalneers.
skilled In the use OF weapons, and fight-
ing on their own ground A careful
study Of the Bosnian campaign might
have been n good preliminary work for
the british generals before entering
upon war In South Africa. and might
have saved some humiiiating experiences.
Tho purse OF the people should be
opened TO the destitute sufferers from
the great FIRE that swept over ottawa
and Hull last week. II 10 calamity
OF a,paili-a proporiions The contlagra-
tons tina, bear the record IN American
cities are hardly more memorable.
loss E: G;. eco. 900, over 1900 buildings
burned and 1900 people homeless make
a situation that appeals to American
sympathy and American generosity.
Distress so Widespread cannot be reliev-