davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

DIR. Fl. w. Spratley, the dentist, is
due in Virginia Thursday next, the
9Th. Remember the date as he will
be here for few days only.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

The Barnett 4 Record Co. have
the contract for erecting the new D.
NJ. & N. depot at this point, and are
this week engaged in driving piles
for the foundation. The new struc-
ture will be of brick veneer, 22x81
feet, situated on practically the
same site. The passenger depot
will be two stories high, containing
living apartments for the com
pany's agent on the second floor.
The old and new school boards of
District No. % held a joint meeting
Monday, w. H. Eaton turning the
records of his Office over to his sue
cessor, Clerk Coates, and Supt. J. H.
Hearding succeeding Chas. Jesmore
as director. The board decided to
hold future meetings in the High
School building in this city, and
will make of the former supply
room an Office for the clerk. A new
Cincinnati safe has also been order
ed for the clerks Office, for the pres
ervation of valuab BILE papers.
James Sampson, who has the con-
tract for the Medical Block, is max
ing coed showing with the build
ing this week. This will be a fine
block, including B. Levin's Model
Clothing House, Sodergren's City
Drug Store and Shanedling Bros.
double store in the Calderwood
block. Mr.. Sodergren also contem-
plates the erection of another block
adjoining The Model on the west,
for rental purposes. This block
will be of solid brick, uniform two
stories, with a red pressed brick
front. and with 125 feet frontage will
be notable improvement to our
street and one of the finest blocks
of the new Virginia.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

A. Hawkinson has moved his tenn
porary business quarters onto the
old Opera House site, and the work
of erecting the new Hawkinson and
Rossom~Ericeon solid brick blocks
will proceed at once.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03
J INTERESTING { Briefly Sketched<
: NEWS NOTES. ( Busy Readers. :

Louie Fong moved into his new
business place in the Rooney block
Monday.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

Mrs. E. II. Chittenden underwent
a successful operation at St. Luke's
Hospital, Duluth, performed by DR..
S1neallie Monday.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

S. A. Reid yesterday purchased
the w. J. Moore residence property,
on Birch street, paying $500 cash
therefor. The home is commodious
and pleasant, and we'll located.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03


A number of neat new cottages
are being erected at the Commodore
location.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

Mr. and Mrs. ]. r. James are now
"at home" in the Episcopal rectory
on Lake Boulevard, where they will
remain during the absence of Mrs
Belden in the east.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

Take your best girl or your Dutch
uncle over to Eveleth Sunday to
witness the Ely-Eveleth ball game.
Either will enjoy it.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

A hot game of base ball is prom
ised for Sunday at Eveleth, wherein
Ely will cross bats with the Eveleth
nine.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

Do not forget the circus tomorrow
Take the children and have a day
of enjoyment.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

To those who drink whisky for
pleasure, Harper whisky adds zest
to existence. To those who drink
whisky for heaith's sake, Harper
whisky makes life worth living. Sold
by T. A. Clark, Virginia.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

to the naked eye.
The new Byrne corner is practi-
cally complete and will be ready for
occupancy by the 10Th.
O. H. Todd, the genial cashier at
the Sauntry, is again able to be out
after an illness of two weeks.
S. NJ. Simpson, of Eveleth, sue
ceeds w. J. Trennaman as operator
at the D. NJ. & N. at this point.
Rev. H. w. Harbaugh will conduct
divine services at Mountain Iron on
Sunday next, morning and evening.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

G. SChoenleber, of the Mesaba Bot
ting Works, has been confined to
his home the past week by illness.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

Go the Eveleth Sunday for the
base ball game. Game called at
2:3O.
| J. A. Blk, contracting plasterer,
is doing some work in the city. He
is brother of Architect Blk.
H. F. Smith left today for Duluth
for the purpose of purchasing new
street sprinkler for the city. A most
necessary improvement.
Ole Halverson, who but a week
since proved up on a timber and
stone claim in COILS. has since refus-
ed an offer of $500 for the property.
The Eveleth S. H. & E. F. of A. So
ciety give an excursion to Ely on
Sunday. $500 for round trip ticket
Train stops at Virginia, and many
from here will sttend.
Ely boasts of the strongest ball
team on the ranges. Eveleth and
Ely have each won a game and they
play the rubber" Sunday at the Eve
leth Park. Game called at 2:3O. Do
not miss it.
! z. w. Scott erects a one story
brick veneer building on his lot
next west of Milavetz Bros. When
complete it will be occupied by
Levy & Co., of The Enterprise
Clothing House.
Miss Mayme Rinnert has reopen
ed millinery parlors in the building
recently vacated by Louie Fong, on
Wyoming, where she invites the at
tention of the ladies to an elegant
line of sample hats. Note her ad.
on first page.
How about 1t? If you need dental
work Of any kind remember that DR..
lSpratley will arrive in the city next
Thursday to remain for few days.
All work guaranteed. Call early
and make your appointments.
Messrs. r. E. Bailie and E. E. Bur
| ley will move into their new build
ing the first of the week. Ned K
Farrand, the insurance agent, will
have neat Office apartments in the
rear of Mr.. Babies jewelry store.
The body of an unknown man
who was run over and killed by an
Eastern Minnesota train near Shar
on last night was brought to the
city this morning and placed ir
Mesberg's morgue. The body was
horribly mangled. Deputy Coroner
Poole was summoned and held ar
! inquest.
w. H. Eaton on Monday closed {
. deal for the purchase of Matheison':
dray line, and has consolidated thu
t same with his own line. Competi
) ton is good thing when the bust
:. ness of a town will warrant it, blu
there exist in all towns certain line,
where competition is not necessi
ty, to say the least.
| Rev. S. A. Jameson preached t,
good congregations at the Presby
terrain church in this city on Sunda,
V last, assisting Rev. Harbaugh a
y morning and evening services. I,
| the afternoon Rev. Jameson, accom-
). panied by Rev. Harbaugh, went t.
Fayal and conducted divine ser
vices at the Fayal Hall.
?, Mr.. and Mrs. VIC. Northey mourn
h the loss of their infant son, who die,
8 at the family residence at the Clar
mine, Tuesday. The remains wer
taken to Duluth for interment Wed
r nesday, Rev. Harbaugh accompany
It ing the bereaved parents and cor
x Quoting the funeral ceremonies. L
r their bereavement Mr.. and Mr..
d Northey have the sincere sympath
of many Virginia friends.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

These must be good times to Judge
from the number of "jags" visible
to the naked eye.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

Messrs. r. E. Bailie and E. E. Bur
ley will move into their new build.
ing the first of the week. Ned K
Farrand, the insurance agent, will
have neat Office apartments in the
rear of Mr.. Babies jewelry store.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

Go the Eveleth Sunday for the
base ball game. Game called at
J. A. Blk, contracting plasterer,
is doing some work in the city. He
is brother of Architect Blk.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

H. F. Smith left today for Duluth
for the purpose of purchasing new
street sprinkler for the city. A most
necessary improvement
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

How about 1t? If you need dental
work Of any kind remember that DR..
Spratley will arrive in the city next
Thursday to remain for a few days.
All work guaranteed. Call early
and make your appointments.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

The body of an unknown man
who was run over and killed by an
Eastern Minnesota train near Shar-
on last night was brought to the
city this morning and placed in
Mesberg's morgue. The body was
horribly mangled. Deputy Coroner
Poole was summoned and held an
inquest.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

Ole Halverson, who but a week
since proved up on timber and
stone claim in COILS. has since refus-
ed an offer of $500 for the property.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

The Eveleth S. H. & E. F. of A. So
ciety give an excursion to Ely on
Sunday. $500 for round trip ticket
Train stops at Virginia, and many
from here will sttend.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

w. H. Eaton on Monday closed a
deal for the purchase of Matheison's
dray line, and has consolidated the
same with his own line. COMPETE
ton is a good thing when the bust
ness of a town will warrant it, but
there exist in all towns certain lines
where competition is not necessi-
ty, to say the least.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1900-08-03

Miss Mayme Rinnert has reopen
ed millinery parlors in the building
recently vacated by Louie Fong, on
Wyoming, where she invites the at
tention of the ladies to an elegant
line of sample hats. Note her ad.
on first page.
The Newberry herald and news. (Newberry, S.C.) 1884-1903, 1900-05-29
CHILDKEN's DAY SERVICES.
Beautirul and Appropriate Services BY the
Children OF the Sunday Schoo; OF
Johnstono st. Church.

Children 8 Day services we're held at
the Johnstone street Methodist chu CHI
Sunday evening. The church was most
beautifully and tastefully decorated
with ivy, ferns, geraniums and roses,
and the exercises were appropriate, in
structivc aud entertaining.
Prof. w. II. Wallace, superintendent
OF the Sunday school, presided, assist
ed by the pastor Of the church, Rev.
w. |. Herbert.
The exercises opened with song by
the congregation, 90 could speak Il e
matchless WORTH"
Prayer by the pasto".
Song-"We arc singing on the way"
Responsive reading.
The floral alphabet.
Song" so sweet to trust in
Jesus.
The Reccssional-Lulin Evans.
Song-"Jesus is calling the chill
dren."
Recitation-Doliy Huiett.
Recitation-Ben Mayer Matthews.
RccitatiOn-Lucile Cavanaugh.
Recitation Frances Herbert.
Song-"Praises to our King"
The Twentieth Century Movement
and our educational work-Questions
by the superintendent and responses
by the children.
Song -"Sweet peace the gift of Gods
love-"
Reading-Mabel Smith, Annie Lau-
rie Tarrant, Alice West and Pauline
Glider.
RecitatiOn-Lola Lake.
Song-"EterEal source of every ioy. "
Collection-RIght, Lola Lake and
Pauline Glider; left, Sallie Bcny Rob-
inson and Annie Laurie Tarrant.
SOug-"Just little WHILE"
Benediction.
Miss Fannie Nelson, who is on visit
to Rev. w. I. Herbert, did very effec-
1--WE work in the training of the chill
dren for this occasion.
The Newberry herald and news. (Newberry, S.C.) 1884-1903, 1900-05-29
F. II. Bigelow.
or for Louisville,

We have been unable to secure d
complete list Of all who have gone to
Louisville to attend the Confederate re-
union, as oil did not go together. Sun
day Messrs. e. NJ. Evans, II. III. Evans,
L.W. Floyd, C.J. Purcell, A.T. Brown
and Nat Gist, left over the S. A. L., and
ca Monday evening Mr.. and Mrs. J. w.
White, DR.. and Miss Bessie Glider, Mr..
and Mrs. Jas. Dunbar and Messrs. w. Il.
Tarrant and NJ. NJ. Buford, left over
the same line. This morning another
party left over the Southern for the
same destination.
The Newberry herald and news. (Newberry, S.C.) 1884-1903, 1900-05-29
j e, q ], rAA y 4. !, | e. s

moved by appropriate slow motion
and given the necessary S,eadi-
ness. The result of the work at
NcN;bcrry is TO Indicate tina, this i,
possible, as Professor Binu.ow' 5
pictures show the image OF the inner
corona nearly three inches in
diameter and it was obtained with
4 telescope Of only four feet focal
length. These pictures show that
there were nine wcll,dctincd prom
licnCcs within the inner corona. 1t
VAS found, however, much longer
exposures were required in order to
secure the necessary Photographic
impressions than when the plate is
placed at the principal focus OF the
objective. 1t was also seen that
great attention must be paid to the
action of the slow motion, but il is
believed that proper Photographic
elects can be obtained in this way
which will give results quite com
parable with those obtained with
forty foot lenses.
Prof. Able paid special attention
to the extension Of the outer corona
and mapped the figure of the cqua-
torlal rings by visional observation
and found that certain rays ap-
pearcd carly III the totality and APP
parcntly changed position while
other rays seemed to spring into
greater effect at instants near the
end of the totality.
Observatory stations Of the
United States Weather Bureau were
stationed along the line Of totality
across the United States and obscr-
vations taken every fifteen minutes
throughout the day at which first
C!aSS instruments were used.
The Newberry herald and news. (Newberry, S.C.) 1884-1903, 1900-05-29

Suits, We call them odds
and cnds--a trade expression
--one that means some sizes
Of various lines. We cannot
fit everybody, but those that
we can fit can buy suits rum
ming from IS to $$lG.5O at Il
discount OF over so per cent.
Just think Of that, it means Il
$500 suit for $3.50, and a
$1,000 suit for $500, etc.
These suits cost us more. but
we arc bound to sell to provide
room for new goods. You get
the benefit.
We Overloaded with Chill
drcn's Suits and these items
tell the story:
Neat Suits fer the little fol-
lows at G3 cents and ON up the
line by easy stages, $I.3S,
$1.GS, s.. IS, SOS and $3.9S,
a reduction Of about 10 per
cent. These goods will never
interest careless folks--fact is,
there is small advantage in
selling to careless folks, but if
you are particular, and want
The Newberry herald and news. (Newberry, S.C.) 1884-1903, 1900-05-29

Mr.: II. +. Olivia, Of Barcelona, Spain,
spends his winters at Aiken, s. &.
Weak nerves had caused severe pains
In the back Of his head. On using
Electric Biftcrs, Americas greatest
Blood and Nerve Remedy, all pain
soon left him. lie says This grand
mrdicinc is what his country needs.
All Amcrlca knows that IL cures liver
and kidney trouble, puriIics the blood,
tones mp the stomach, strengthens
the nerves, tuts vim, vigor and new life
INTO every muscle, nervo and organ Of
the body. If weak, tired or ailing you
need 1t. Every bottle guaranteed, only
30 cents. SID by all Druggists.
The Newberry herald and news. (Newberry, S.C.) 1884-1903, 1900-05-29

something that will make the
boy proud, and you proud Of
him, call around and buy one
OF these suits, it will be a f.
nancial gain and a mental sat
isfactiOn,
Oxford Ties.~-Wc have
some excellent creations in
Ladies' Footwear, and some
not SO elegant, but good and
Scrviccablc. Prices, we'll Just
as low as they can be made,
and III fact y little lower.
Mems Tan Shoes. The
best buyer sometimes over
buys. We'll, we did itin Mems
Tan Shoes, and while we
bought them away down, by
buying Il large lot we have
more than we can afford to-
carry, and a 500 Shoe goes
at 50. Il $3.50 at $3.50, a
$500 at &3,G5 This is our
way of unloading; it has two
The Newberry herald and news. (Newberry, S.C.) 1884-1903, 1900-05-29
STATE OF OHIO, CITY OF TOLEDO, 3s

] FKAnK J. CHENEY makes oath that he 10 the
seNioi partner of the firm of f. J. CIEFEY &
Co., doing business In the city of Toledo,
County and State aforesaid. nnd that said
iirm VIII pay the sum, OF ONE HUNDRED
DOLLARS for each and every case of Catarrh
that cannot be cured by tho uso OF HALLS
CATARRH CURE. -.
FRANK J. CHENEY.
Sworn to before me and subscribed in nv
presence, this 9th day OF December, A. ID. 1886
- A. w. GLEASON,
}sEAL t., .as >s-. ...
~ } Notary Public.
IIalls Catarrh Cure is taken Internally and
acts directly OH the blood and mucous sur
faces OF the system. Send for testimonials
free. +. j. CHENEY & CO., Toledo, O
Sold by drnggIsts. Too. - %.'FSg'
Halls Family Pills are the best
The Newberry herald and news. (Newberry, S.C.) 1884-1903, 1900-05-29

The public is cordially invited to at
tend Children's Day at Smyrna Presby
terian church, Saturday before the
first Sunday in June.
The exercises will begin promptly at
10 o'clock a. M, and it is hoped that
the crowd will all be here by that time,
rs the children will be very entertain
Ing. Dinner will be served On the
grounds. The candidates are invited.
X K
The Newberry herald and news. (Newberry, S.C.) 1884-1903, 1900-05-29

reached. At the ending Of totalitv
there was better definition of thc
shadow bands which appeared as
fine narrow ill-dciIncd ripp!cs very
close together directed from the
cast IL degrees towards the south.
The motion was perpendicular TO
this direction SO that they APP
parcntly came from the south T.
degrees west, which is practically
the direction from which the gen
cral motion of the shadow was pre-.
dlcted to approach. IT was not
possible i'll this case either to count
them or to determine the velocity
of moving. There are two general
theories regarding the origin of the
shadow bands, one that they arc
caused by defraction III the light of
the SIM passing around the edge of
the moon and then passing i'll the
fraction rays upon the surface of
the earth. The second theory is
that they are formed by irregular
currents or movements III the upper
layers Of the atmosphere and that
the light passing through such un-
steady Stratac receives All irregular
rcfraction before they reach the
surface of the ground. The fact
that the atmosphere at the time Of
this eclipse was under the influence
Of a quiet lti-cyclonic area and
apparently very still for a long dis
tancc above the ground and that
under these circumstances the
shadow bands did not appear, APP
pears to favor the second or re-
fraction theory regarding this for
nation and to disprovc that they
are due to the moon's dcfraction.
In 1880, Prof. Bigclow served i'll
the United States eclipse expedition
to West Africa and mounted the
Photographic lens Of 40 feet focal
length in tube which pointed
directly upward to the position Of
the sun. Previous to that time all
attempts 10 use lens of such
great focal length were confined to
placing the lens on a pier near the
ground and rejecting the light by
means Of moving mirror from the
sun to the lens parallel with the
ground into dark room contain
ing Photographic camera. The
objection to that method Of mount
ing, is that it is necessary to usc a
fine and moving mirror which tends
to distort the light OH the plate
unless the work is done with cx-
trcmc precision. BY mounting the
lens in the air the distortion is
avoided and the result was to prove
the pictures obtained by direct tclc-
scope to be superior to those Of
horizontals. This method has since
been adopted by astronomers. The
principle was modified by fixing the
lens in mid-air on a stage and NOV
ing the photographic plate on a
special track to balance the motion
of the sun, Several such forty foot
telescopes were used this year on
the line Of the American eclipse.
The difficulty of handling such a
long telescope made it seem de-
sirablc to test the point whether
equally good pictures Of the inner
corona could not be obtained by
means Of short focus and cnlarg-
ing the lens, mounted on the prin-
ciplc of a triangle which was
The Newberry herald and news. (Newberry, S.C.) 1884-1903, 1900-05-29
a Card to tho Public.

The visiting astronomers and their
friends have desired to express to the
people of Ncwberry their great appreci-
alton Of the many kindnesscs and valu-
able aid which they have received from
many persons in their preparation for
the eclipse observation. They have
thoroughly enjoyed their visit and have
returned to their homes with the kind
liest feeling Of gratitude to the citizens
of Newberry.
The Newberry herald and news. (Newberry, S.C.) 1884-1903, 1900-05-29

all, a better measure of success
than the dollars we make.
Straw Hats. There is a
freshness about our line of
Straw Hats which nearly ap-
breaches daintincss. We have
Il Hat at 25 cents, not much
ofa hat, granted, but not much
Of a price. You can go on up
to $500 and find some between
these prices that are bound to
please you.
Neckwear Changes. Ties
bought in March or April are
as much out Of place now as
winter suits in June; for in no
domain does fashion reign
more supreme than in neck
wear. We pride ourselves in
kecpingupwith his Gckl ehigh-
ness fashion even in Ncckwcar,
they arc the "right thing"-
no suspicion of "chcap work.
about them, and if they could
talk they'd say "the lassies
that made us are as bright and
happy as the men who buy us
arc manly and tasty.'
The Newberry herald and news. (Newberry, S.C.) 1884-1903, 1900-05-29

Whitmires 100000 Cotton Mill-The
Charter Has Been Obtained.

Whitmire's mill is now q certainty.
The Secretary of State has. granted q
charter and Whltmire is to have q
$3OO,00O cotton mill. The new mill is
to be called the Glenn-Lowery Manu-
featuring Company. The corporators
named arc Mr.. Coleman, of Charlotte,
w. G. Childs, w. A. Clark and Robert
w. Shand, OF Columbia. The capital
stock Is to be 100000, and will be
readily secured.
The Newberry herald and news. (Newberry, S.C.) 1884-1903, 1900-05-29
BUSINESS LOCALS,

We are selling the best lst patent
flour made for :i.l5. G.. J. Purcell.
*! Il.
Sew !ot Of New England Watches
just in. Come in and see Us.
ttf Daniels Il Co.
You will regret il if you do no: see
our Stock OF Clothing before buying
your Spring Suit.
If S. J. Woo,cn.
Amber Cane Seed. 4Oc. per peck, at
Gildcr's Corner Drug Store. tAf If
We arc selling the best 2nd patent
flour on earth for 50 SO. {. J. Purcell.
l&f If.
Ladies' rcady-madc skirts 80 cents
each, and better ones at all prices, at
Wootcn's.
Fresh Tanglcfoot Fly Paper at
Gildcr's Corner Drug Store. t&f tt
Our screen doors are guaranteed to
stop nics-and give satisfaction in every
particular. Stewart Bros.
f.. II. Leslie, Man.
Homestead Ammonia, for the bath
and household uses, SC. Il bottle Mt
Gildcr's Corner Drug Store. t&f If
Just received car load of feed oats.
]. III. 6UMME ER DROS.
We will sell you corn s. bacon cheap
CT than any ouc in town sec us before
buying. &. j. Purcell.
t&f If.
Red Raven is still the best laxative
Mineral Water, l5c. bottle ut Gildcr's
Corner Drug Store. t&f If
We lit the hard to fit correct clothing
at right prices at WOOtcn's.
| you need any columns, balustcrs or
turned work get our prices before you
buy. We will save You money. Salts
faction guaranteed. STUART BROS.
t.. II. LESLIE, Manager. t&f If.
For Brushes, Combs, Soap and Per-
fumcry, the best for least money, 60 to
Gildcr's Corner Drug Store. t&t If
Good four-room dwelling house in
town for rent. Stables, garden and
other land. Possession after lst July.
For particulars apply to Schumpcrt &
Holloway, attorneys. fSt3t
For first class Drugs and Medicines
at lowest market prices call at Gildcr's
Corner Drug Store. t&f tt
Fresh sCandics ut .Gildcrs Corner
Drug Store. t&f If
For Il guaranteed fever thermometer
90 to Gildcr'S Corner Drug Store. t&ftf