davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21
A Farmers Trust.

We are challenged to show a trust
In which the farmers of the country
are principals. While it is true that
agriculture is burdened with fewer
of these economic combinations than
any other branch of business, we
still think that all the elements of a
trust are found in the following illus
tration: The farmers of a certain
community made their own butter
and supp led the consumers of their
county town. l. few made good but
ter for which they got fair price
and the many, poor butter which sold
at low figures. There was unrestrict-
ed competition between the sellers
and buyers of this butter. A cream
cry run on the cooperative plan was
established. All the butter made
thereafter was made at the cream
cry. The local grocers, unable to get
butter supply from the farmers,
were compelled TO buy of the cream
cry to supply their town trade, with
the result that the consumer was
compelled to pay from five to
eight cents a pound more for butter
than they ever had done before. So
far as the consumer was concerned he
was the victim of creamery trust to
all intents and purposes.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21
Keep PLANTING,

Orchard trees all through the mid
die west, particularly apple trees, are
from various causes, short-lived. Elk
tremes of temperature, blight, and
drought, borers, neglect, over-bear-
ing; each and all, contribute to limit
the profitable life of the apple tree
to about twenty years on the aver
age, and one seldom or never finds
aged trees of the style and vigor
common to the Atlantic States. Thus
it comes about that ii western men
want to raise their own apples, they
must keep on planting new orchards
to replace those that are dying and
dead. And in this connection we will
say that it is poor policy to try to
toggle up an old orchard with new
trees, and every way better to set the
new trees in new orchard, the miss
ing plats in an old orchard being so
thoroughly pre-empted by the roots
of the trees which are left that it is
almost impossible to get young tree
to live among them. The enlarged
knowledge about fruit trees which is
now available for the western planter,
covering varieties, sites and care, is
still powerless to cope with the GER
tain climatic conditions which are so
unfavorable to the growth of the
apple tree-eXtremes of heat and cold
/ and normal aridity of the atmos-
phere which is wholly uncongenial to
the healthful development of this
fruit.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21
Forty Years.

We note that q Bohemian, with a
Jaw-breaking name, has lately COM
pleted a $4,000 farm residence on a
half section farm in northeastern
Iowa. Without knowing the history
of this man, 1t is not out of the way
TO assume that forty years ago he
might have been seen at Castle Gar
den just landed from some emigrant
ship, he and his family clad in the
quaint toggery of Bohemian peas
antry, poor as Jobs turkey, looking
helplessly and wisufully around at
the strange things of strange coun-
try. We see him toiling hard and
almost painfully to find a place and
nome and acquire our strange lam
guage. Later he is seen as a pioneer
on new farm in new country. man.
wife and children all working early
and late to reclaim home in the
great west. The years go by, the rail-
roads come, towns spring up, neigh
bors surround him, his land increases
IN value, the mortgage is paid off, and
now in his old age he builds him a
castle and lives like a Bohemian
prince. His frau, who wore the wood
en- shoes at Castle Garden, wears fine
kid shoes and goes to kirk in $500
carriage, while the old man has a bee
In his bonnet and thinks he will run
for the state legislature next fall.
Great Transformation and splendid
evolution!
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21
Death in a Wire Fence.

A single strand of fence wire is
easily capable of transmitting such
a voltage or electric current that con-
tact with it VIXEN thus charged is
fatal to man or beast. A teamster
driving in an alley to empty load of
coal displaced wire clothes-line so
that it touched live arc light wire,
the clothes-line flying back and touch
ing his horses heads. They both
dropped dead in an instant Thus
cattle lying on the moist earth con-
tiguous to barbed WIRE fence are in
as great danger from bolt of cleo
tricity which falls half mile away
and charges the wire fence, as though
they were in the immediate path of
the current as it fell from the clouds.
This fact is not generally known. A
simple remedy is to ground the wires
of the fence at intervals, by which
the extremely high voltage of the
distant lightning stroke may be safe
ly conducted to the earth.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21
A Failing Coal Supply.

Cheap coal has been the rock upon
which England has reared her COM
mercial and manufacturing suprem-
acy. Her cheap coal contributed not
little to make her mistress of the
seas and enable her to build up mer-
chant marine which is the wonder of
the world. For ten years past rumors
of failing coal supply have arisen
and have been treated as scare-crows,
but during the past year the unpleas-
ant fact has been developed beyc nd
contradiction that England's day of
cheap coal has passed, the cost of
mining at the great depths now being
worked having so increased the cost
of the coal that shipments of Ameri-
can coal in large amounts are now
being made to that country. And
what is true of England is TO Q, large
extent true of all the European coal
producing nations, In this connection
il is of interest to inquire what the
coal resources of America are? In
general way 1t may be said that
they are practically without limit.
Six states, Pennsylvania, Ohio, West
Virginia, Illinois. Alabama and Iowa
now produce the most of the coal
used in this country. Inexhaustib'e
fields of coal lie practically untouch-
ed as yet in Virginia, Kentucky, Mis-
souri,, Arkansas, Texas, Wyoming.
Colorado, Montana and Washington,
to say nothing of immense fields in
Alaska. There are other fields In
British Columbia, and take it all
around America will In the near fu-
ture control the supply of coal as Il
now done with cotton and corn.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21
Unprofitable Dishonesty

dishonest methods in the manu-
f, lure of American cheese have re-
d Fed the export of cheese from 1877
81 1000 pounds in 1850 to 4600O,000 in
1852. This dirty, dishonest work came
in the trail of the separator and in
fact it would have been almost i'm
possible without it. The old method
of setting the milk to raise the cream
made the skim milk worthless for
cheese-making, but the separator by
extracting the cream as soon as the
milk came from the COW, left resi-
due of sweet skim mi K when, forti-
fed and adulterated with cotton-seed
oil and other cheap substitutes for
pure butter fat, became that dairy
abomination, the filed cheese, these
shipped abroad to our British cou-
sins as full cream cheese with the
final result above stated. Canadian
dairymen have been the ones to profit
by this rascality and now practically
copt~o the cheese trade of Great
T. a.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21

1t is not best to try to raise turkeys
unless you are to quite an extent iso-
lated from neighbors. Turkeys are
great wanderers and foragers and
have the love of home but little devel-
oped. Stray turks, to make rural
minds, are subject to the same moral
code as watermelons-safe to pick if
not caught at it, and when it comes to
a case of mixed turkeys and two
women set out to identify their prop
erty, the man, if he has any sense,
will take to the woods at once. The
turkey can be made to bring in nice
little sum of pin money along in the
early winter, but it is not best to try
to raise him if you have neighbors
within half mile.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21

The creamery at the Iowa Agricul.
tural college was awarded a gold
medal at the Paris exposition for
butter made by the students, and at
the last meeting of the National But
ter-makers' Association, two students
practical butter-makers, who closely
followed science, outclassed all the
others in competition for the $4,000
prizes. Add to the foregoing facts
this other that the Danes are able to
control the butter market of Lon
don because the Danish government
compels a scientinc and technical
training of all butter-makers, and
the fact becomes plain to all that but
ter-making is reduced to an exact
science and to be successful the but
ter-maker must take a scientific
schooling in the art.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21
tn. Xal,,c of a Good Sire.

Twenty-four years ago in a GER
tain locality in the middle west. a
bay Percheron horse was Supported
from France. He was prize winner
in that country and aside from being
a perfect model of horsefesh, was
the possessor of a certain fire, ambi-
ton and style which attracted the adj
miration of every lover of good
horse. This horse was kept in SER
vice in the locality named for six
teen years and became the sire of a
numerous progeny, all of which to q
greater or less extent partook of the
good points of their sire. While
they varied in color and size, nearly
oil had the fine head, the archins
neck, the finely formed ear and the
life and fire Of their sire, and take
the colts ~ tAey averaged for sar'
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21

we are asked if farmer can afford
to pay five per cent for money with
which to build good barn. where
the hay has to be stacked out of
doors and the stock sheltered il old
straw sheds. Yes, he can. The saving
en- fodder alone will go good ways
toward paying the $50 interest charge
on $1,000 barn, and, when the vari-
Gus other uses to which such barn
can be put are taken into account, no
better investment on the farm can be
made. When the barn is built il
should be at once insured in your
county mutual against fire, lightning
and wind.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21

A bushel of corn will make five
gallons of whisky. Iowa produces
853 100000 bushels of corn this year.
Let us all be thankful shat the VII,
hey possibilities connected with I $
grand crop of corn will not be dsN !
oped, but that it will gladden. the
heart of humanity as choice creamery
butter, fat pigs, fine beef, mutton,
rood horses, fried chicken, roast tur-
key. eggs, milk, johnny-cake, injun
pudding and corn fritters instead.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21

When the society dame turns up
her nose at some respectable girl
who seeks to make an honest living
by doing house WORK for other peo-
pie, she is doing the very thing
which more than any other thing
makes it impossible for the said soci-
ETY. dame to get anybody to do her
washing and cooking. There is far
better field for work in the matter of
lettering the condition of women
along this line than there is in the
effort to secure the ballot for her.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21
Notwithstanding the very

Notwithstanding the very general
belief that the crow is unfit for food,
it is nevertheless a fact that the
young birds, the squads, are really
very good eating, thousands of them
being killed every year at the rock
cries in England for this purpose.
This fact should be generally known
and advantage taken of it to thin
out the constantly increasing num-
bers of the black pests. No one save
politician will eat the old birds.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21

A young reader of these notes
wants to know if tree in growing
Il pushed bodily up or whether the
growth is all from the top. 1t 10 an
outward rather than an upward
growth as may be easily demonstrate
"a by observing the position OF q
Wire fastened to the body of a young
xrse, the growth being outward. In
= short time completely covering the
,wirs, which Il mover raAssd from the
height at vAisA II was Asst placed
kvcm the ground.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21

How far north will apples grow
Well, here is report from far off
Manitoba, where the Billiards are
born, which says that the Blushed
Calville, Annisette and Gravenstein-
Russian apples-bore this year heavy
crops OF fine. clean fruit, while
Wealthy and Patterns Greening-
American varieties extra heav-
lily loaded. The northern limit of the
epple has not yet been located evil
IDENTIFY.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21
Ten Cents a Copy.

Only a few more copies left Send
and secure one before they are all gone.
A 16-page Atlas of China, IL X IL
inches, kind sold everywhere for 25 cts.
On sale at all large stations Of the B.,
q. r.. q N. Ry., for 10 cents, or sent
postpaid to any address for ID cents, by
JNo. G. FARMER, "A. g. p. TT. "A,
b., @. r.. h N. Ry.,
1928 Cedar Rapids, Iowa
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21

If one has permanent pool of
water or running stream on the
farm 1t is all right to keep ducks,
otherwise it is not, for to have them
around the homestead is to have the
nastiest pest going. Ducks are
hogs, and dirty ones at that, the best
way you can fix it, and always cost
more to raise than they are worth.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21

les Of years, they would bring from
$40 to $50 apiece more In the market
than other Like stock. 1t is entirely
safe to say that this one horse added
to the values of this horses raised and
sold by the farmers of this commu-
nifty not less than 100000.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21

II was an osprey or hsh-hawk
which some hunter had wantonly shot
and thrown away at the side of the
road. just why anyone should want
to shoot one of these rare and harm
less beautiful birds is beyond our
ken.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21

Fifteen car loads of Virginia cattle
lately sought market at the stock
yards at Chicago. They were feed
ers and will be made over into beef
animals on some farm in the corn
belt
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21

Baron Rogers, an American bred
trotter, has been taking all the big
purses this year at the Russian trot-
ting races. The American trotter has
no equal for speed or endurance and
is winner wherever he is entered
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21

Take a couple of good cats along
when you haul the shocked corn from
the field, as there will be from one to
a dozen mice in each shock. The cats
will soon get onto the game and en-
10y it.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21

We note marked difference in
trees of the same variety, especially
In fruit trees. Some apple trees
always bear better and larger fruit
than others of the same kind. This
fact is not regarded by nurserymen
as it should be. Scions for grating
should only be taken from the best
trees.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21

We heard a farmer spoken of re-
Gently as an up to date one because
he kept his watering tank clean
enough all the time for lady to
drink out of.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21

some dafryfnen know it and surrse
do not, that the uneven ds ribution
of the salt is the cause of notified
butter.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21

Some wag remarks that the fnan-
cial condition of the western gra ger
has so much improved that he is able
to indulge in an operation for appen-
dicitis this year.
Decorah public opinion. (Decorah, Winneshiek County [Iowa]) 1895-1928, 1900-11-21

The weed seeds will keep all r'ght
along the hedge rows and in the fence
corners, but the seed corn must have
better treatment.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1900-01-14

IN the form of intensely heated vapors more
than half Of the chemical elements known to
man. Each Of them has its own Characteristic
lines IN the spectrum. In some instances an eIe-
ment Is revealed by no less than thousand
examined with a spectroscope, and no other
source Of light is at hand. the lines produced are
bright But those Of the ordinary solar spectrum
are black. This reversal can be effected in
laboratory by placing powerful light back of
the gas, so that the latter somehow exercises an
absorpuve influence on the rays. Hence the
astronomers are perfectly satisfied that the
vapcrs which give the black lines in the solar
spectrum are situated somewhere above the in
tensely luminous surface Of the sun. But how
far up?
Heve some thirty years ago that the reversal
distinct stratum Of mingled vapors at the very
base Of the chromosphere. and close to the light
glEiEg cloud shell Of the sun. This conclusion
which certain other astronomers did not imnle-
dlately accept. was based a profoundly in
terescing observation during d total eclipse.
Professor Young was following with mis- spec
troscope the advancing edge Of the moon over
he suns disk So long as any q the true solar
surface was visible and there was a source Of
light below or behind the gases. the lines re
mained black But just at the instant when the
own light alone, the lines Of the spectrum be-
came bright and then Immediately died out
The abruptness and brevity Of the event led the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1900-01-14
THE REVIVAL OF POSTING,
WHAT THE AUTOMOBILE IS DOING FOR
FRENCH COUNTRY ROADS AND INNS.

iiAi- y L 1 1N1 N'IoLI-E II DUNG FOR
FRENCH COUNTRY ROADS AND INNS.
From Chamberss Journal.
Many people can still remember the DAYS of
stage coach travelling: the we'll kept roads
thronged with vehicles. the hustle of arrival and
departure at the various posting houses and the
various incidents and adventures connected
with the journey. With the invention of the
steam engine and the more rapid means of
transit that II offered all became changed. the
roads grew neglected and deserted the posting
houses silent and fOrlOrn. and the stage coaches
and their garrulous drivers disappeared one BY
one from the scene Though we all acknovvI-
edge tnat everything comes round again with
variations, no one. probably. has ever dreamed
that posting would be revived. and that the
country roads and inns would wake from their
long slumber and be once more the busy haunts
OF Old But time, that loves to work in a circle
has brought, or is about TO bring, back the for
naer custom of road travelling, though the old
fashIoned vehicle with its team Of horses will
be exchanged for hOrSeieSS carriages driven bv
electricity; and II is their universal use which
IN consequence of a new idea, will undoubtedly
soon take place, that will revive almost all the
adjuncts Of coaching One of the difficulties
hitherto preventing the more general applica-
ton of electricity for transport purposes has
been the impossibility of carrying sufficient mo-
tive power for a long journey or Of renewing it
en- route. To meet this objection a company has
just been started in Paris. under the title of the
International Electric Posting Company It
proposes to establish all carriage roads pos
tai relays, destined not only TO recharge the
accumulators Of exhausted electric vehicles but
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1900-01-14

professor to call the phenomenon the flash
spectrum" BY adjusting mis- spectroscope so as
to inspect the region little further away from
the suns surface, he perceived the characteristic
lines Of the chromosphere. These incidents, and
their precise sequence, have since been observed
by others and in 1896 and 1898 photographs of
is now entertained as to the correctness of
Young's notion; but further observation will
help TO establish the truth
Aside from its scientific significance Mr.
Shacketon's picture Of the flash spectrum in
knowledge is interesting curiosity. The
short, straight lines in an ordinary bright line
spectrum are merely luminous images of a
vertical slit in the spectroscope But if the
opening which admitted light to that instrument
were ring shaped the lines would be rings
though they would occupy the same relative po-
sltlons- Now when the moon covers the sun the
brightest part Of the larter's envelope forms
complete circle. And if a prism be suitably
adjusted in front Of the telescope with which
observations are being made a spectrum made
up Of more or less perfect rings viii be noticed
at a certain stage Of the eclipse And if just
when the flash occurs a Photographic plate be
exposed, one can permanently register the most
prominent members of the series. Partly from
force Of circumstances and partly from the
preference OF the astronomer. the photograph
viii sometimes show merely short arcs and not
complete circles After a little practice with
an inexpensive spectroscope, attached TO a
binocular, the amateur can observe the flash
spectrum almost as well as the professional
astronomer.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1900-01-14

Nay there IS one chance in four that cIoudiness
- prevail II The interior Of the South Atlantic
Enc Cuff States
Inc --asI Impressive object seen during a solar
tc-ps= Is that siLE=ry and curiousIy formed en-
Re-ope The corona The delicate streamers com
Eos-ng j gradually diminish II briIuancy from
re 1--1 " -l= sun cut into space but under
laFara5ie conditions they can be traced 10 q dis
Sanoe Of tw0. three. and even four solar diam
fierz TIE sun IS seven-eighths Of a million
Iliies through Portions Of the corona unques-
lonabiy extend several million miles from the
booy that IL surrounds
The structure Of this envelope excftes won
ger even in the inexperienced observer. but il is
mace The subject Of careful research by the
scientist Why are its constituent pluu1es
iori7r and more feathery near the poles than
--+'ler=2 Why are these steamers curved in
74c o- straight What is their real starting
'nl- Are the dark lines that separate the
--s-l ones merely Void spaces or are they com
os-d Of different kind Of natter Or &c IN.
. inference due 70 tenperature merely How nlDcb
Is electricity n Do with the shaufrg If this
Il transe haIo2 Is II anything more Than . cir
-Fnee -1at The more extended portions Of the
9rona apparently ernanate from The ragione
Azre spots are usually seen. comparativelv
fle-- The equator And is II really +-,,. g. 80
II
7-- suspected that the appearance Of the
ia "hen spots are biggest and most album
i --llsrs from that al the minimum stage Of
eleven year spot period?
4''"l al the base 4 the snow white corona lies
----i-7o1 ocean q hydrogen, heium and other
- II Is called The chromosphere. Langley
--s @Ll Other experts say il is about five
-1 LII " SIX thousand miles deep. I'd from
- --S+ I'd, OF blood red sea at times rise
s1-'--s Ir1n-nences over 100000 miles high.
- mas seen one swiftly grow TO an altitude
'-,'''2 miles. With a spectroscope it is now
So l2r me astronomer to study the solar
'--- 1hL here and promInences at almost anv
=, but the amateur can see them only during
5otal eclipse.
maps 40 questions relating to the suns ap-
IS mas received more attention in recent
'e@'s nat those involving the existence and
Of the so-caIled reversing layer"
-'i''' !" nero n the solar atmosphere there exist.