davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1900-07-17
NOTES FROM A GU1LFoRD TRUCKER

correspondence of The Progressive Farmer.
My cabbage that were set in the
drill the last of November were a
complete success. The land was
bedded about eight feet wide, run
ming east and west, then we'll ma
nured and bedded higher, remaining
in this condition until planting time ;
then thrown open so as to make
them equal distances. Then with a
shovel threw the ridges as high as
could we'll be four feet apart and on
the south ridge of each bed cut a
small trench with hoe, so as to be
able to level when worked down in
early spring. Then set the plants in
the trench full up to the leaves so
the stalk is not exposed and the ridge
on the north side is all the protection
necessary through the winter.
The Jersey Wakefield was the kind
used. The ridges were plowed down
in spring with b~ull-tongue plow &;
after that a cultivation or light sur
face cultivation often but not deep.
The preparation of land for any
crop should be sometime before
planting. The turnip land should
be we'll titled before sowing, sey
plowed at least four times before
seeding with proper intervals be-
tween each blowing, so as to let
grass or weeds if any terminate.
Now is a good time to SOW fall
beets for winter use, a fine crop for
family use or for COWS. Not much
trouble to grow. Our people would
do well to grow more root crops for
winter food. AS it has been my
pleasure to read The Progressive
Farmer from it's start up to now, it
seems to grow better with age. Sue
cess to you. R. R. MOORE.
<GUilford Co., N. G..
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1900-07-17
HEADQUARTERS

National Live Stock Association,
Denver, Col, June 30, 1900.
Mr.. Frank E. Emery, Vest Raleigh,
". c.:
DEAR SIR Never since the organ
izatiOn of the National Live Stock
Association has there been as much
interest shown in the work in which
we r engaged as has been mani
tested since the adjournment of the
convention at Fort Worth last Janu
uary. We are constantly in receipt
of letters from men interested in
various branches of the live stock
industry in almost every section of
the union, asking that they be adj
mitted to membership.
A great many of these applications
come from breeders of pure-bred
stock, who do not understand that
the Constitution does not provide
for individual memberships. We
are in receipt of so many letters of
this character that this matter is be-
coming a serious question with the
officers of the association, and it has
been deemed advisable to send a Sec
ond letter in reference to this mat
ter. Mr.. Springer and 1 have had
considerable discussion regarding it,
and as these applications come from
bona fde stockmen who are inter
ested IN the future and the good the
association "a do, it is our opinion
that some provision should be made
in the Constitution for the admis.
sion of these people into this asso,
citation, for the reason that most OF
them are not members of anv loca1
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1900-07-17
Horticulture.
NORTH CAROLINA APPLES AT PARIS

correspondence of The Progressive Farmer.
Replying to yours of 9th 1 beg to
say that l have received official no
tice from the U. S. Department of
Agriculture, Pathological Division,
that the United States collection, of
which the North Carolina collection
was a part, had received a frstaward,
and that the State Board of Agricul-
ture had received a third award on
apples. have not as yet been ad-
vised as to the variety of apples, or
which of the counties they came
from. Ny collection, to which you
refer, was made in Yancey, the
greater majority of it, a few in Hay
wood, and a few in Caldwell. Mr..
Cones collection is a part of the same
exhibit and I am very glad to see
that his apples, which were collected
in Watauga, have received a second
prize. All are credited to North
Carolina and I suppose that in time
the detailed information will be sup
piled.
Very truly yours,
T. Z. BRUNER,
Sec'y N. c. Board of Agriculture.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1900-07-17

Farmers Bulletin No. 73, of the
United States Department of Agri-
culture, says: "Whoever would
raise hogs without disease (and this
is necessary to obtain the highest
profit, must get rid Of the notion
that the hog is naturally a filthy ami
mal-that filth is less distasteful and
unhealthful to him than to the steer
or horse, and that it is impossible,
because of the nature of the animal,
to surround the hog with sanitary
conditions. Filth is a prolific source
of disease among all animals and
because the hog is brought into con-
tact with the most filth, there is the
most disease among swine. Filth
opposes the health and thrift of
swine, just as it opposes the health
of horses or man. The first step in
growing hogs without disease is to
keep filth away from them-to give
them clean food, clean drink, clean
quarters and clean shelters"
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1900-07-17
A PROFITABLE APPLE ORCHARD.
Sec'y n. c. Board of Agriculture

q @N@
correspondence of The Progressive Farmer.
A successful apple orchard prob
ably pays about as we'll as any kind
of farming, but an unsuccessful n
is about as discouraging as any other
feature of agriculture. The price of
c in apple orcharding is not
any higher or more difficult to pay
than that required in other lines of
work, but it does take long practice,
an intimate knowledge of the needs
of the markets, and of the varieties
of salable fruits. Added to this
should be intelligent appreciation of
fruit cultivation. One must tend
the trees just as carefully as another
would his live stock or small fruits.
If this same attention is given to the
apple trees they will return dollar
for dollar and acre for C as much,
if not more, than most other farm
crops.
A good deal depends upon the kind
of year we have in the profits, and
also what kind of markets we can
sell the apples in, but as a rule a good
orchard will have a steady average
which n can depend upon, For
instance, an orchard of a little over
three acres has for five years yielded
nearly the same returns in money.
Two years the crop was rather small,
but prices were higher, and the
money returns were a little better
than during the other two years
when the crop was unusually large.
So in a sense one counterbalances
the other, and an average can be
struck off from year to year.
Last years crop andreturns 1 con-
slider an average, and for the sake of
showing what money there is in the
business I will quote some accounts
from my books. There IRE two hun
dred trees on the three and a half
acres of land. Over sixty of them
are Baldwins, fifty Northern Spy,
twenty-five Ben Bavis, twenty-five
Greening, and the balance made up
of mixed varieties of less Importance.
The orchard yields early summer,
fall and winter apples, so that there
is a supply of windfalls for home use
all the time. Last year the crop
proved to be 1900 bushels of first
class fruit, which averaged fifty
cents a bushel, 400 bushels of second
class fruit and 200 bushels of inferior
grades that were best suited for cider
and drying. This crop has not varied
much from those of other years.
The returns for the whole orchard
were 1875. The expenses of picking
and harvesting the crop we're 1926
for the whole orchard. There was
in addition to this an extra expense
of fifty dollars for spraying and fer
tilizing, which deducted from the
returns still left seven hundred dol
lars for the three and a half acres of
orchard land. There might be bet
ter paying things on the farm than
this, but 1 consider the orchard a
pretty good. investment, and 1 con
tinue to lavish a good deal of pride,
affection and labor on it.
s. w. CHAMBERS,
New York.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1900-07-17
THE SUCCESS IN MARKET GARDENING.

CorresDondenc of The Progressive Farmer.
For success in gardening OF any
kind n must have a rich soil, a
favorable situation either to the
market or to cheap transportation
lines, and then a clear conception OF
the best method of raising the right
crops both in abundance and IN
quantity. Assuming that the first
two are supplied by nature, 1T may
be worth while to consider the meth
DDS of cultivation. Market garden
Ing is essentially intensive farming.
No man can make a success at 1T IN
any other way. Large expectations
are looked for, but to obtain these
the soil must be most literally
treated. Not one crop, but two and
three a year must be harvested from
the land, and no soil can produce
more than one crop unless cultivated
thoroughly and MANFRED persistent
ly. The man who goes into the
work with the idea that if he sue
ceeds in raising a good crop of toma-
toes, potatoes, lettuce or other vege-
tables he will have a successful sea-
son, makes a great mistake. He
must raise one or two crops in addi-
ton on the same land. Often the
first and errliest crop merely pays
for the manure and labor OF Guilt
waiting and harvesting. The second
crop may pay for interest on money
invested, taxes, and the owners
time and labor, and the profits rest
entirely with the third crop.
There is first the Importance of
getting a crop of early radishes, let
tuce, beets or other vegetable in the
ground so that the crop can be har
vested in time to transplant from the
green house or cold frames the young
plants of the next crop-say toma-
toes, egg plants or some other
midsummer vegetables. 1t is then
necessary to consider the third crop,
a fall or early winter harvest of tur-
nips, kale, spinach, pumpkins, or
late peas. In order to crowd these
three crops into one of our seasons
it is not only necessary to enrich and
cultivate the soil to the highest point
of perfection, but it is essential that
one should plan far ahead. The
whole years work must be laid out
beforehand, and everything should
be done like clock work. Seeds of
coming crops must be planted so
they will produce crops ready for
transplanting at the right time.
When one crop is harvested the next
must be ready to clap in its place. A
delay of a few days may make all the
difference in the world. It is also
necessary that the modern market
gardener should have plenty of hot
houses, cold frames or greenhouses.
He cannot get along without them,
for while one crop is ripening in the
garden the next must be sOwn in the
cold frames in order to save time.
G. T. FISHER.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1900-07-17
Live Stock.
LIVE STOCK ASSOCIATIONS AGAIN.

A Matter That Should be of Interest to all
North Carolina stockmen-How Such an
Organization Would Benefit Them.
Answering IN. A. S." July 3, p.2,
still further: There is a Swine
Breeders Association, J. M. johnson,
West Raleigh, N. c., President. This
Association elected officers last at
Concord, in July, 1899, and expected
to meet again jointly with the State
Dairymen's Association in Charlotte
this spring, but that meeting seems
to have defaulted for lack of any in
terested effort from either dairymen
or swine breeders.
With the above introduction the
following letter is given to The Pro-
gressive Farmer readers with this
query: If North Carolina breeders
will not write, and stand up together,
and help each other, why should not
the answer to this letter be in favor
of individual membership and let
the few who wish to do what they
can for themselves and others in a
strong organization have a chance to
obtain what benefits can be secured
by this membership? In a previous
volume of The Progressive Farmer
can be found what this writer thinks
of the benefits of the great National
Live Stock Association to the stock
raisers of this South Atlantic slope,
which not only embraces North
Carolina and Virginia, but South
Carolina and Georgia, Florida and at
least a part of Alabama. Perhaps
Maryland should be counted, too.
Live stock associations with paid
up membership in the National or
ganization can be easily started, will
cost but little, and will insure so
much information at first hand to
breeders and feeders of stock as to
be a valuable investment from the
start.
If ten men write me this month
for further information as to cost
and method of organization, on re-
ceipt of the tenth note the informa-
ton will be given in The Progress
i've Farmer.
Of course a State organization with
membership from local associations
would be of great value in calling to-
gether those interested in the live
stock of the States, but this is not
necessary if a mountain district
forms an association it will not affect
another near the coast, but if dele
gates from both could meet, say at
the State Fair or on some convenient
date, become acquainted and com
pare, it would be found that the in
terchange of views and comparison
of interests and experience would
be of value to both organizations
and to the individual members in
both.
The cattle clubs along the quaran-
tine line are u considerable begin
fling if they will join the National
Association and they will find the
information coming ironing from
the connection worth a great deal to
them and helpful in carrying the OBJ
jects of their organization further
perhaps than they have hoped to go
alone.
The letter referred to follows. Now
let stock breeders interested in the
matter write me their views at once.
F. E. E.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1900-07-17

urine scalds the flesh or if, when the child
reaches an age when it should be able to
control the passage, it is yet afflicted with
~bed-wetting, depend upon it. the cause of
the difficulty is kidney trouble, and the first
step should be towards the treatment of
these important organs. This unpleasant
trouble is due to a diseased condition of the
kidneys and bladder and not to a habit as
most people suppose.
Women as well as men are made mis-
cradle with kidney and bladder trouble,
and both need the same great remedy.
The mild and the immediate effect of
SWamp-ROOt is soon realized. 1t is sold
by druggists, in fifty EJ
cent and one dollar As:::$.s9
sizes. You may lave a F 4s9saH rs s stssss8z
sample bottle by mail
free, also pamphlet tell Home Of swamp-ROot.
ing all about it, including many of the
thousands of testimonial letters received
from sufferers cured. In writing DR.. Kilmer
& Co., Binghamton, N. Y, be sure and
mention this paper.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1900-07-17
New York.

Farmers have not arrived at a
proper appreciation of the value of
fruit, especially small fruit, ON the
farm; the day is not far distant
when on every farm, nc matter how
small it may be, there will be a small
fruit orchard or garden. Fruit is
not only wholesome and delicious to
the taste, but it is profitable, and
fruit growing is a fascinating and re
mUnerative business if conducted
prOperly.-Prof. John w. Lloyd.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1900-07-17

A garden is not complete without
the small fruits, and they add so
much to the housekeeper's list of
healthful articles of diet that every
nome should be abundantly supplied
with them.-H. Augustine.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1900-07-17

and CheertuIneSS soon
disappear when the kid
neyS are out of order
or diseased.
Kidney trouble has
become so prevalent
that it is not uncommon
for a child to be born
afflicted with weak kid
e y If the child urin-
afeS too often If the
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1900-07-17
CLUB RATES..

Nowadays papers are so cheap thai
nearly everybody can afford to tax
two or more. We have arrang0ds
list of some of the best in the land am
can furnish them in connection VIII
The Progressive Farmer at a lowe
price than you can secure them Slns
ly. Here is the list. The price Y
the parenthesis is the regular Slp
scriptiOn price Of the paper n tt
other figures are what we charge ~.
the paper with THE P~ROGRESSin
FARMER both one year. Renewals lu
the other papers cannot be taken y
the club rates, but all n6W suOSclD
ers can. You can renew for our %
per and get the club rates:
THE PROGRESSIVE FARMER alone. "~
TT TsmiiyY Detroit Free PRESS pM q
Weekly Practical Farmer FARM. {1W LIE
Th MsTa7 New York Worlo uN IS
A ti9T Weekly Constitution lfamr uM II
L0 DaI vi ! I tWyice-a-week Courier Jour- 1907 a
nal N WS).....
TTTie vic a Home and Farm so u
Semi Monthly Farm and Ftreside cN "a
Monthly Woman;s Home Compan- an h
ion (Magazine) Tax ID
Weekly Farmers Voice (Farml4. u"
Monthly American Queen ("o- GO ~
mans work and aShiOnSl..:.. y"
Weekly HOard's Dairyman (DalFJ- um IS
wv =
We shall be glad to quote you " #
prices with any paper you deSlLI, ~
you want any other agriculture & &
per write us. If you want tGg ne.
lantic Monthly, Scribner's, McGIu
or any other magazine, let US kn lon
If you wish the Youths ComPan5sr
Ladies' Home Journal, oaVu5 Drd
Evening Post or any other sPa nricss
home periodical ask us for am
If you want any daily payer, +ber
religious publications or any o list
sort of periodical send us YOU otber
We can save you money, W. witb
we get your order in cOnnecIlOn asnon,
your renewal or not. Coll0F
dence invited. ,aper
IF you wish more than on0 once
write for special rates. For nT"urnaI
we send twice-a-week Courier 0% tbs
the weekly Progressive F4 ar M and
semi-monthly Home and fa[L III oDs
the monthly American queen
year for only $2.15. a,bscrip-
NoTE.-In forwarding only
tions to other publication, W scriber,
act as the agent of the suG the sub,
and after we have paid Over ceases
scription our responsibility o. naper
Failure to receive magazlh0o boIld be
change of address, etc, @,bIisber'
reported directly to the
not to us. The Pro.
Address ali orders to n G.
gressive Farmer, Raleigh
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1900-07-17

Men can, be cured privately and pos
itive1y at home of all weakness and
disease. Write for new free book.
DR.. j. N. Hathaway, 22% South
Broad St., Atlanta, Ga.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1900-07-17

NJ -"
Vice-President-P. H. Rab,
Lake City, MINI.
p "
Victor, N. Y. ''RI
LECTURERS.
J. P. Sossamon, Charlotte. n n
&c. Hanley, st. Paul, MINI.
NORTH CAROLINA FARMERS STAFF .
LANCE.
President-W. A. Graham NJ.
pelah, N. @. Icy
Vice-President-J. S. Mitch,
Winton, N. G.
Secretary-Treasurer and q.
Business Agent-T. B. Parker Pm IN
bOro, N. @.
Lecturer-Dr. V.N. Seawen ,Fsin
N. c.. "''
N. c.. ~"
Doorkeeper-Geo. T. Lane, Green
boro, N. @.
Sergeant-at-Arms-D ". Watn
haywood, N. c..
Trustee Business Agency Fund
w. A. Graham, Machpelah, NC
Steward. G. Balm, Wade, NJ
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF H yopr
CAROLINA FARMERS STATE
ALLIANCE.
J. W. Denmark, Chairman. R,
eigh, N. G.
w. A. Graham Ex-offcio), Mac
pelah,N n. G.
W. B. Fleming, Ridgeway, NC
John Graham, Warrenton, NC
Dr.. J. E. Person, PikeviIIe, Nc
Thomas J. Oldham, Teer, N C.
STATE ALLIANCE JUDICIARY COMMIT
j. T. B. Hoover, Hillsboro, N. C.
O.. @. Mcclellan, Goodwin, N. c.
H. T. Jones, Goldsboro, N. C.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1900-07-17
Women as Well as Men
Are Made Miserable by
Kidney Trouble.

Kidney trouble preys upon the mind. dis
courages and lessons ambition: beauty, vigor
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1900-07-17

Sharples Cream Separators-Proft-
able Dairying.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1900-07-17
THE NATIONAL FARMEP07 -
ANCE AND INDUSTRTATN
UNION.

President-J.C c. Wilborn, Odp
S. G. O'OF Q
Vice-President-P. H. Rob:r
Lake City, MINI. l
Treasurer r ",
Victor, N. Y. wa
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1900-07-17
LECTURERS.

j. P. Sossamon, Charlotte, n =
J. G. Hanley, st. Paul. MINI
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1900-07-17

Il you like it and think you can
IL stand more of it
and
The Hawaiian gazette., 1900-07-17

t.sHts
vi uttHf t''''f 600
.a.a Loo '"a So
i.i 5000
bs
,s, ttoeH's i' fo iH" f h' pea "'
m,te ny never te WINE 'uoi VIZ n u
It's NJ
,sutrts towards the physical
white labor on h
Tor OF which less han
Sut
II selected
undrsrnbc IL but
labor IN these Islands T. NcOahS
black held hama 10 Alnd e
to
why the precautions taken "
In might not be rracttabe mere
to labor II coud be han
labor problem and some others besides
not in the effort made mere
the uoIl'al
IL TIL the sou under the
counmen of pre-
the Hawaiian en'e ever
Assuredly me
and
in and $lS month ouhu'
enough
think In getting
would send
the Pacific appeal most suonsy 10
of husky young men
contracts andac
Thaw thing which could happen 10 e sloup
should
the menace OF racH oN
The Hawaiian gazette., 1900-07-17
TOBACCO CULTURE.

We agree with a contemporary that
experiments in raising tobacco have
not been propitious in these Islands,
but we must suggest that, as the tests
were few and far from scientific in
their character, they are no criterion
of what carefully chosen soil may be
able to produce under the right forms
of cultivation. 1t is mere truism that
tobacco which fails in one place may
do well in another, just as it is with
sugar. Tobacco raised on acceptable
ground by crude methods and again by
expert hands may present the diner
ences between the fine leaf used for the
cigar OF the gentleman and the cuddy
pipe-filling of the NAVY. 1t all de-
ponds on the right combination of soil
and processes.
Obviously if good tobacco could be
raised in the Islands several things
well-worth the effort would follow.
Much money that we now send away
for cigars, fine-cut and smoking to-
bacco would stay here; agriculture
would be diversified and we should get
cigar factories. All this is worth striv-
ing for without respect to past dis
couragements.
The thing needed as preliminary Is
a Government Experiment station. The
average samll farmer cannot be e%-
pected to stand the cost of varied crop
tests, he cannot afford to meet the
actual outlay; he needs his land for
sure income The Government realized
the conservatism of the farming class
when it went into the experimental
business. 1t tried all the soils and
climates for given crops and when 1t
found a place where a particular crop
would thrive, 1t notified the farmers
and showed them what to do. This
made new forms of agriculture, or
transplanted forms, reasonably sure
thing from the beginning. The system,
il applied in Hawaii, would encourage
small farming as nothing else ever did
end, in the case of tobacco, afford a
satisfactory demonstration within a
year.
We are glad to announce that Fed
eral Experiment station Is probabil-
ity and that a man will soon be here
from the Agricultural Department to
look over the ground.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1900-07-17
VAGABoNp COOLIES.

Something over four hundred Japan
ese came to Honolulu as deck passen-
gers on the Kinau, having dropped
their plantation work and fastened
here as to "A promised land. They are
coolies whom the Territorial Act freed
from the legal obligation of contracts.
What their purpose is in Hooking this
way may easily be surmised. Knowing
that a mere smattering knowledge oil
kitchen work, such as building fire
in stove and frying a steak on the
top entities u coolie to seek employ
ment here as a cook at large pay, some
have come for that purpose. Others
want to be yard boys, accountants
and merchants in lust--anything, in
fact, that will enable them to live in
the city and partake of it's eXcitements.
If this influx keeps on the population
of Honolulu will increase at the rate
of at least 1900 a month and the supply
of plantation labor be CORRESPONDENCE
diminished-a very bad thing from
both the rural and the urban points OF
view. BY a recent agreement between
the United States and Japan we are
released from the peril of students"
and free labOrers from abroad; but the
local migration Is a greater danger.
The first we know sugar crops Will be
in jeopardy for want of field hands and
this city will be overrun by Oriental
loafers and tramps.
The suggestion made by cores
pendent that the vagrant laws be
rigldly enforced, seems the only way
out. If coolies with no visible means
of support are sent to the reef and then
put on the roads to work their time,
the plantations will grow popular
again. We know of no other measures
likely to be so effective as this one ana
the need of 1t is already pressing.