davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-07-20

made were read 10 was a decided vic
tory for the State and made the old
prisoner look very sad.
In the following letter 90 the pension
department, Jester explains how hs
assumed the name Of Hin.
"Hill was my own fathers name.
Jester was my stcpfathers name.
was about one and 0ne-haif years ola
when my mother married Jester and
went by the name of Alexander Jester
until after the war closed when i took
up my own name.
Respectfully,
wv A. HILL"
Taken In connection with a divorce
suit in oklahoma, q appears from the
pension papers read that Jester was
married 90 Della II. Jester probably boo
the nfties She went 90 Kansas ana
died in 1898. However, on June Is. 1870.
Jester swears he was married ln Texas
90 Julia Reynolds. who bore him three
children From her be secured a de
vorce az Norman, okla, on Nov q,
1894. on May "a, 1896 he was married
20 Margaret =. Brown
In series Of questions submitted 70
Jester by n Clay Evans, the commits
si0ner OF pensions. Jester claimed that
be had three children while in fact he
had at least eight at the time the state
meut was made. In the same series "
questions he made mention OF only one
wife. while the courts records show
him married three times at least j. Il.
Roark. W S. Copp and Charles Bates,
OF Denton, Texas testified that they
knew Jester IN Texas under the name Of
Vim. Hill.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-07-20
RESIGNATION OF
CHAIRMAN MOYLE
Accepted at Today's Meeting Of
State Democratic Committee,
EXPRESS HIS APPRECIATION
No Action on Naming Of a q. =. Sena.
tor Hatter, However, Was m-
formally Discuss d.


~ '''''' ''1 VII ''' al''e b-'"''Ia'lo
committee held This forenoon 40 State
headquarters pr0graes block Chairman
t,,,.g 81 Rt..,.f. ....r ...t......
".
uoh Whleh. upon motion of br 'onroy
Of Weber county. was accepted tl take
effect affar tina ne.tIpp ~ ia. et5ta
n''''''" inc conn" uN'ldN0A liuh
Mr.. Moyle read as follows.
"I hereby tender my resignation az
,,o,,,. ,t.l,,,.. 10, .i,,,.. 5..,... ~,
''e .' -
express 10y appreciation Oh your ,oiAlbl
saw ihat our success Mas been rreatiy
alaed Joy e'i'lent services OF ne score
laIg Oh 'le commit iee, Joseph M' Ooneu
ana lht a'u'e workers ot lhe executive
yglHlHIl'tt' as ven as many otneIs 10
"hoi' circuit aA1uIl ne gwen TOT 'ls
ser wees rendered IN the TWO campaigns
we nave conducted.
THOSE ppFsFsy,r
Those present 40 the meeting were;
Chairman Moylo. Treasurer William il.
Dale, Secretary Joseph NJ Cohen. O. T.
Stoney Beaver J. ID. can, BoNelder
H. cutter ana J. a., Ihoreson, cache
levi 4 Hartman Ema.y county. r A.
hamnona. Grand county; j, Il; Letcher
IpI1Ayh iron county D., w. HolA1eline,'
Julo COUNTY, g'9hua GREENWOOD Ail-
,4 VA, 0al'iuei Ia.'' Nlolsan Oog 4,
~ l', M. l,"Al 70 is'lu ToIu'y 3D. -
L'J5 VI, ' t 49,, - Vousl'y,
ga ,,,..,.,, g.
ver. Ward Stevenson. Tooele county;
a.. 2Iebar5 RrfIge [Vagstch coupfv.
n ~ Wilson ,nrov,l WILMINGTON
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-07-20
CAMPAIGN FUND.
NEXT STATE CONVENTION

It was decided TO hold the state con-
vention IN this city on Thursday and
Friday September 9Th and 9TH.
The apportonment Of the convention
will be the same as the recent special
congressional election. consisting OF 5A
delegates
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-07-20
MESSAGE FROM MINISTER CONGER

our Minister was alive a few days ago
was made in the nature Of a personal
triumph for him. Ills face beamed
with pleasure aud he expressed his
qualification and rejoicing at the con-
irmatlon OF bis theory.
eve are all very happy over the good
tidlngs." said he. u have hardly had
time TO think OF the eEgct eject OF the
news on the situation bat II removes
one OF the great eleNents Of doubt ana
leaves US free 30 hone for The rescue OF
the foreigners In PeBin. II Is a great
victory for the state department OIL
cials.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-07-20

Then Secretary Hay betook himself
70 the war department TO convey the
news IN person 20 Secretary Root and
10 Secretary Long. who were together
az the time After a short consultation
IN Secretary Roots office Secretary
Long upon emerging into the corridor
was showered with congratulations by
large throng Of department employees
ana newspaper men, who had congre-
CARED there, As the one member OF the
cabinet who has consistently maintained
during the dark days IN which others
had given up all hope OF the safety OF
the foreigners In Pekin, the news that
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-06-27

brea en- una garrafa LENA de aqua, Sc agita-
ba Ia mezcla dos veces por dia, por espaciO de
una semana, antes de emplearla. En- tales con-
diciones, el aqua solo podia disolver una can
tidad insignifcante de alquitran, resultando de
este que el producto asi ohtenido no solo ca
recia de actividad, POGO menos, sino que era
de un sabor acre y desagradabIe.
Pero hart unos treinta amos que IN farma-
ceutico distinguido de Paris, Mr. Guyot, cOnsi-
gui6 hacer sCIubles en- aqua los principles ac-
tivos del alquitran, gracias este descubri-
mient0 Sc encuentra hoy en- t0das las farma-
cias, bajo eI nombre de Alquitran de Guyot. IN
licor sumamente cencentrado de Alquitran I;
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-06-27

licor que permite prepareF instantfneAm1nte
en- Ell mowento de necesitarla, un aqua suma-
mente dIafana y de una edcacia universslments
recOnocida.
Para obtener esa bebida saudabIe que segu-
ramente pone cubierto de los peligros s que
nos referimos en- este articulo, basta con verter
vase de aqua q del liQuido que Sc tenga cos
tumbre de beber las comidas Tanto para
preservar de las epidemias demas enfeTn.e-
dades graves como para curar con certeza Ia
grippe, Ia influenza, las bronquitis y los catar-
ros, es Ell primero y, poiriamos decir, supreme
recHrso yEe c0nviene acudr en- tales casos
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-06-27

inhere que ua aqua es mala cuando contiene
ma,os microbes.
esto obedece ell que desde hace treinta
cuarenta amos haya sido preocupaci6n cons
tante de los municipios el llevar las pobla-
clones importantes las aguas de los manan-
tales, pnes generalmente son muy puras no
Gentlemen malos microbes, habiendose hecho
con tai motive sin vacilaciones de ningin
genero gastos cuantiosos que representan
cientos de miliones.
Cuando Sc carece de un aqua muy pura,
sobre todo 81 Sc trata de un pals en- Que reina
una epidemic cualquiera, 10 mas pFudente
para preseryarse del contagiO es sanear ell
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-06-27

Vkndonos, por consecuencia, de elias. Tiene,
Dues, Ia propiedad de convertir en- sana y sa-
ludable ell aqua que bebemos y nos garantiza,
por 10 tanto, contra las epidemias.
Como autoridad cienti6ca en- apoyo de 10 que
acabamos de decir bastanos cstar una, por
cierto muy elevada = admitida por todos los
m6dicOs Ia del D. B0uchardat, antique presi-
dente de Ia Academia de Medicina de Paris, el
cual dice en- rADnwGire de Th6rapewiique 10
que sigue Fl uso habitual cuotidiano del
Aqultran constituye un preservativo excelente
contra un gran numero de intermediates, sobre
todo c0ntra las enfermedades epid6micas.
Rn otro tempo Sc acostumbraba & poner
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-06-27

aqua que Sc bebe. IS una precauci0n que &c
deberA tomar, del misno modo, en- la 6po@
de los grandes cal0res en- que Sc siente taaaa
necesidad de beber, uuy particularmente cuan-
do Sc es agricultorP 1brero. .Evitase todo pellere
haciendola hervir por espacio de aIgunos
minutes pero todo Ell mundo no puede siempre
hacer hervir ell aqua que ha de beber, nj
asegurarse tampoco de que esta operaci6n ha
sido bien hecha. s2sf
El medic mas senciIlo, el mas econ6mico
ell mas SECURE de sanear q aqua es adici0-
maria un POGO de aqua Alquitranada, pues el Al
quitran mata los microbes que son Ia causa
de todas nuestras enfermedades graves, preser-
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1900-06-27
MEDIC DE sANEAR EL Aqua
De PREsERvARsE sEcuRAMENTE
pE LAS ENFERMEDADEs EPIDEMlcAs

Todo el mundo sabe que los m9dicosestanh hoy
de acuerd0 en- reconocerque lamsyor parte de
las Intermediates epidemicas, tales como la
nebre tifoidea, Ia disenteriay ell c6Iera, 10 mis-
mo que la influenza y la grippe Sc transmIten
por el aqua, pues, en- efecto, Gsta contiene un :
inAnidad de anlmalculos llamados microbes,
eAlermedades mas pelir0sas; de donde Sc
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-02-07
A NOVtL FIGURE IN POLITICS.
A Moral, Upright Man Whose Am
bition Was to Dominate His Party
and Control Election Machinery

A Moral, Upright Man Whose Am
bition Was to Dominate His Party
and Control Election Machinery.
Tho Baltimore Sun recently gave
the following sketch OF William Goe-
bel as man and politician:
Though Kentucky politician, Will
liam Goebel Is free from many OF the
characteristics which are commonly
attributed to men Of tnat class.
He does not drink.
He does not smoke or use tobacco In
any form.
He does not play cards for money.
He Ia said to Do d woman hater.
His most marked characteristics are
his GOODNESS and determination. Op.
poEents have described him as an ice.
o:rg. While the mass of politicians
at ga behring's In Kentucky have been
INDUCING In fervid ora ory and appeals
to sent m mt, [ 9 / as sat still without o
trace of emo IN on his pale face. coolly
calculation the chances for getting the
most votes.
Born in Sullivan county, Pennsylva.
mia, AZ yearo ago, Goebel when Il boy
was taken by his parents TO C0vington,
KY, which has been his home ever
oince. In early life, it is said, he was
u bootblack. After receiving a good
| education through his own energies ne
made the friendship Of Governor Johr
w. Stephenson, who took the young
man into his law Office. In few year,
he hs 40" n 81 ca alb lity at Cover
nor Stephenson TOOK him rs n !aw part
ner. Upon Cove nor Stephenson
death Mir. Goebel Was made his execu
tor without o0nd.
Goebefs ability as u lawyer AZ
tracted the attention of John G. Cat
'lisle, and for several years he was tn
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-02-07

p rtner Of that great Kentucky lawy err.
Twelve years ago be was elected u
th' State Senate to represent Kenton
county. He has servl d continuous ly
as such ever since and Is now mold
over Senator. That is the only public
Office he has ever held, except that he
was mt mber OF the Kentucky con-
stitutional convention. H. was can
didate for Judge of the court Of appeals
In the district now represented by
Judge Il. II. Paynter, and it vas ho
who finally threw the nomination to
Judge Paynter.
DE has q law practice which, it is
said. pays him at least $25 900 year,
and by hard work, economy and the
exercise of his arked legal ability,
he has accumulated a fortune said to
reach probably aquarter of u million
dollars. Ex Gov. John Young Brown
recently said OF him:
Mr. Goe6el can put more in q 20
line law brief than almost other lawyer
In Kentucky can express In three
pages OF foolscap. His power of con-
much thought and informa-
ton into u few brief words has been
one of the secrets of his remarkable
success as lawyer"
AS q member Of the State Senate
GoeOcl has made record, the greater
part OF which is still fresh In the pub
lie mind. From the beginning of his
career In politics he fought the Louis
VILE and Nashville railroad al other
He has been the author
)f several important State laws, nota-
by the GOebel election law, which
'egulates elections in Kentucky and
has beeh much criticised. 1t is held
hat this law gives the dominant party
90 much control of the election ma.
;hinery.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-02-07

Mr.. j. B. Douthit has rendered his
resignation as commissioner of the
dispensary and it will be acted upon
by the board at It's meeting next
week when tie resignation will be 40 e.
cepted Mr. Douthit says THAT he
would bavc resigned as soon as he was
vindicated by TIE b,ara had ASt the
mt'a bers insisted upen hiM waiting
uatil the February meeting. sihce the
Senate has confirmed him and he has
thus been personally and oiacially vim
dioased, he inslsts upon hfs resi- tion
because his private business demands
his attention.
Bishop Warren Gambler, OF the
Methodist Church South, has gone to
Havana to establish a church OF that
denomination tsero. For the purpose
he has raised $5 coo entirely in the
State OF Georgia. Ii la is succo ssful
his church will he the fret Methodis ist
congregation iD Cuba.
- American women will envy the
young vile Of the Chinese statesman
Ii Hung Chang. 1t - said that she
possesses 600 different costumes and
Eeeps several hundreds OF maids tt
wait upon her and take care OF hel
great array OF clothing.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-02-07

WANTED THE TROUSERS "A young
fellow on the South side has a Negro
valet, an old-fashioned Southern darky.
/" Here, JEFF, want those trousers
cleaned and pressed today" he said,
pointing to rather loud striped gar
ment that JEFF had long had his eyes
on.
"All right, SAM" said JEFF, with "a
sigh.
Next morning JEFF brought the trou-
sers back with big grease spot still
prominent on one knee.
Cant you get that spot out ?" said
the owner OF the trousers.
No sah."
Did you try turpentine ?"
$50 de Lawd, done sacchurated
'em wild turpentine."
Did you try coal oil ?"
Yes, sab, po'ed quart ob lie on
'em"
Did you try hot iron ?"
Putty nigh bu'nt 'emu up!"
I'D you try bcpzine ?"
Done tried mine, kerosene, and
all de other zines, an 'tsin't tech dat
grease spot"
Well, did you try 'em on ?" queriet
the master with twinkle In his eye.
| Yes, sa y replied JEFF with aIacri
ty. "an' dey's puifect fit, grease spo
an all, sab. ."--Chicago Record.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-02-07

MIN on one occasion to send q check to
poor young girl with which to rp.
cbase her welding apparel, the dear.
est thing on earth to a bride, for all
htr earnings had been expended in
support OF u widowed mother and SOM,
smSll chi!dr,n. Well, that was tholut
tul and generous, but who else would
nave done a.? | wish that | WAS ricn
- mat ] could do rs they say the good
PrlncC ku"crt did-go around in dis
guise ana Anu out who were needy anu
deserving and help thC ID in secret
would take note of the poor girls wh,
helped their mothers and the Won,
men VINO wrote kind, loving lettr,
nome and wOyld set them uD ~,
make th"m happy. Yes, | would Il,
that sort "f fun. wouldcnt Won?
would orat 10 aries aud colleges all
pieces But like Carnegie aud Rock
itlirr, tJO, tnUu2h h tIey don't :,
!hrough my sp"clatl" II is bard
mlIllo0alre to real Ze that the mon
= not hls-that he Is only ,ru,
Win the privilege OF using it for th,
gooG O' his lr Dw creatures. l. has I
oetn SAID ny Philosophers that no maj
eyer earned million homes ly-ths'
II ne iouud gold mine and paid him
thousand dollars 4 day he was en-.
t.,
ana the rest WAS Gods and was put
mere Tor his fellow men. Dr.. Hedley
'o'u : good story nbolt pers 'an wno
'ought piece OF land for "a small sum
l, when plowing it found rich vein
u sold. He carefully saved al Una
'ahc In sight and took il To the mnl
rom whom he bought the land, sayin.
nat he I'd not buy Lhcpuld he bought
my The land. The man refused u re-
'elve 1t and their dispute over it go
. warm they went before the cadi t,
laVe IT decided. The cad knew then
cry well and knew that one of then
lad a son just grown and the other haC
pretty daughter Is little younger, anU
hey were good, Industrious children
- he had them brought before him
nd married them and gave them th
oIu. whether true or not, this is Il
:et.y story for the children. Ever,
ri know will say, Il wish it wer,
BILL RIP. .
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-02-07

from the State treasury appropriate
o State institutions. The bIll is of
general scope anu Importance aud pro
vidcs:
section /. TIC appropriations maze
Tor IL State iUstitution Shall be paid ,u
the treasurer OF the Institution, who
shaI be bonded tlliccr the amount of
the bono not TO be less than The amount,
TO be drawn AT any ono time, and
TO be fixed by the governing bOar,l
the bOnd to be approved by the AttOr.
ney General aa To It's lOrm and CXggu
Iioh, ana by the GovcrnUr as u its sui-
uclcncy, and to TIC filed with the Stat
treasurer. The treas urCr OF the inst.
tutlon snail draw his receipt warrant
upon tie Comptroller General for tn hs
amount needed, which receipt warrant
shall be cOuntcrsigncd by tie president
or superintendent Of the Institution
and have attached thereto an item zedI
sworn statement showing the purprsesE
In detail for which the money to be i
Crawn Is TO be used mOnthly Ouly, audI
all money for other purposes TO bel
drawn only when actually owing and
due.
Section , That upon the rcceip. bvl
the Comptroller General Of the rccei ,
warrant, signed aud Cuuntersigneu,
and with statement attached, as ubovci
provided, the Comptroller Gcucral
snail Issue his warrant on the State
Treasurer IN favor Of the treasurer Of
the Institution for the amount drawn,
and the State Treasurer shall pay the
same, the amount thereof to nc charged
TO the appropriation account Of such
institution by the Comptroller General
and the State Treasurer.
Section ) Tuat all acts or parts of /
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-02-07

-RCv. Charles NJ sheldon, who is to
run the Topeka, Kan, Capital, on
Christian priGciples through the week
OF March l3, has already made num-
Der OF rules which he VIII put in force
In order to show thHt Is paper can be
made prospGrOGS wIJhOAJ printing all
The news. M sporting news viii be
printed, nor will any police reports get
into the paper. Every news item and
advertisement VIII pass uuuCr h's per-
s0nal supervision 50 that he can mAHy
sure that nothing morally injurious
will get into print. Every one OF the
employees will have 10 attend prayers
at the beginning Of the days work.
In Spr!nlii Id, Mo-, thcro has re
Gently been organized i woman So
clety, every mem Der Of which has to
sign the following agreement; " DO
hereby solcmn.y pledge my word tC
speak no evil Of any woman, whether
such report be true or rot. Any viOI.'
tion OF this pledge, however, DO not
tions, which are to continue Tor all
time"
There are many VINO predict That
the time Is not remote wnen the LciC-
phone will be part OF every well OF.
ucred home in the UHltcd Sta es. The
momentum which Is reducing prices is
sweeping fast, and, ere long, ways VIII
De found Tor the very general enlsrgo.
mGnt OF The uses OF the telephone. |
VIII soon be used as il pleasure or lux
ury instead Of u necessity.
Josiah Emerson, farmer wht
voted for Nj Is .nIry In 1896, declare
| MS Intention TO vote for BryaL pro
| vided the latter Is nOminu,su IN the
summer, because the kinks IN the taiu
OF the thIEc rC,GAinlLS pas iTO.n : re
cent Hitter form the letters w. y =
MIR. Emerson intcrpcCls tAla lnCidcu
ae an omen OF the outcome OF the mex
| Presidential election.
An elephant in the Paris no ba.
the tUothacno so much tnat nc ocean
melancholy, aad Is surgeon found Ult
vi his teeth 80 far gone it had to !,
either filled or pulled II wUs urc!d, n
10 ill 1T. No anavBthetiC Was given tn
olg animal, which seemed TO under
stand thc surg, on WAS work ng for IL
good, and IT. patiently stood the ham
racriag and h!ling.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-02-07

Leg isIature declared for them" he
said, and when was asked to
swear them In there was EOthjng left
Tor me TO DO but administer the oath Of
ell e. The proceeding was, OF course,
entirely legal and proper. | wOulG not
have cone rs did had it been other
wise"
Pre- sident Mckinley has received q
long message from Governor W. S
Taylor, of Kentucky, asserting that the
condition of affairs at the present time
is most critical, that Il riot may occur
at any time which will cause b!oodsho d ,
and appealing to ths Pre- sidcnt to end
the matter and secure peace in the
State by recog n!zing him as Governor
OF Kentucky.
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-02-07

According 70 thss Echo do Rss,'>y,
one Of the greatest attractions OF tae
exposition will be huge diamond,
bigger than the Roh.i-noor, WHOM Was
found 10 the De-Beers mine shortly be-
fore the war began. Tho stone has
bees insured, says the Echo de Paris,
for .Gl00, 900
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-02-07

g -. ~ "A. S.1 n2 Z
Bears the ~ The Kind You Have Always Bought
Signature . &<MASlza
The Laurens advertiser. (Laurens, S.C.) 1885-1973, 1900-02-07

= III csc men did the
lad any knowledge
III crime. There he's
en discovered the
pointing TO any man.
now that any will
The Irish standard. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn. ;) 1886-1920, 1900-04-21

considered q marvel OF convenience by
the neighbours. While it was building,
Jason Fanshaw had contributed many
peevish objections to the work, which
he considered waste of time, but when
the clear, cold water gushed out at his
door, he melted under blaze of Won
der, and now no stranger ever came to
his house who was not shown "the wa
terworks."
"Huh," he would exclaim with pride,
nobody else has got spring on his
land high enough fur such thing. Col.
Hasbrooke would pay no end O. money
eff he could have it. He has to keep two
niggers busy film his tank an then the
waters stale an hot. You see, we sunk
our pipes SO deep that the waters as
cold as ice."
A hundred yards from the house
was dense wood which stretched on
to small river a mile away, and fur
Their on to high mountain, and here
Dave found his brother lying on the
grass reading his Blackstone. In his
unlikecess to his family he was an
anomaly; he was over six feetin height,
we'll built, slender, dark of complex
ion, hair and eyes. There was in the
shapely prominence of his brow sug-
gestion of strong mentality one might
look for in vain in any of the other
Fanshaws; his limbs had the slight,
strong look of blooded horse; palm
list would have said that his hands in.
Dictated the possession of refined. sen.
sitive spirit.
"Oh, I had no idea you was heer!"
exclaimed Dave. IT jest thought I'd
take walk to git Away from all that
clatter up at the house. An to tell
you the truth, I've got quart hid in
that stump thar; don't you want to
wet yore whistle, as the Teller said?
I have to keep it hid from the old man;
he's too ALFRED stingy to buy whisky,
but he loves it like hog does slop."
"You know 1 never drink" replied the
other, firmly. His words formed a
striking contrast to the dialect of his
brother; there was vague sadness of
tone in his voice, and his eyes dropped
as if they were weary of the print upon
which they had been resting.
'Well, reckon you won't mind eff
take pull at it," said Dave. I'm dry
as a powder-horn." He removed fiat
stone from the hollow of the stump
and took out his flask. Here's lookin'
at you," and the neck of the bottle went
into his mouth.
II suppose they made me the subject
of their talk, as usual" said Ronald,
when Dave had replaced the flask under
the stone and sat on the stump, his legs
crossed.
mot any more'n common, Ron;
they've got to talk; talkin' comes as