Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-12-13
"The World One Hundred
Years Ago Today"
Copyrighted. 1900, by r. L. Hughes,
louisville.

LOUISVILLE.
The eyes of the world were on Napo-
leon-this, the first anniversary OF the
overthrow OF the directory at Paris. by
which Bonaparte had taken the govern
ment Of france into his own hands. The
sun of his fortunes, now rising rapidly,
dazzled all Europe and made eyen Great
Britain blink at the glare. A year as
First Consul had given him all the
powers of a monarch. and he had used
them with telling effect. Early in 1907 he
had taken UP his abode at the Tuilleras,
and at once formed a ministry. Here he
planned a campaign that would bring
every nation to his feet and leave him
signing for more worlds to conquer-tle
map of Europe was to be the map Of
France.
England and Austria had refused to
treat with Napoleon until the Bourbons
should be restored to the throne Of
France, and the most energetic prepare
tons for a vigorous prosecution of TIE
war We're begun. N~apoleon's plan was to
deal Austria, his worst continental
enemy, a double blow. A French army
of 100, 900 men. under Moreau. advanced
into Germany, gaining several victories
and compelling the Austrians to a hasty
retreat. Another, under Massena. had
invaded Italy, but was compelled to sur-
render to the Austrians at Genoa. On
hearing of Massena's failure Bonaparte
himself started to Italy at the head of
$1,000 troops. He crossed the Alps at the
difficult pass of Great st. Bernard.
Difficulties almost insurmountable pre-
sented themselves. Precipices, ravines
and eternal SHOWS seemed to forbid Il
PASSAGE; but the army followed a mar
row pass knowntono living creature but
the channels and the hunter. The artillery
was taken apart, and the pieces We're
placed in the hollow trunks of trees,
which We're drawn across the mountains
by soldiers. The troops We're encouraged
by the music of bands, n where the
ascent was most difficult the drum beat
a charge. The Austrians We're complete
ly surprised when Napoleon's army,
suddenly appeared on the Italian plains.
On June 8 a part of the French army
under Gen. Lannes defeated the Aus
/ TRANS at Montbello; and five lays later
Napoleon, at the head of 10000 men, en-
countered 81, 1000 Austrians. under Gen.
Melos, at the village of Marengo, and
completely overthrow the Austrian
| army.
Moreau, during all this, had not been
idle. On May , he defeated the Aus
TRANS at Engen. Two days later he did
likeMise at M%oeskirch; while on May 9
he Won a signal victory at Biberach,
Wurtenburg, where the Austrians We're
under Kray. On June 10 Moreau total
ly defeated the army at Hochstadt, a
city on the Danube in Bavaria. Ma
poleon's victory at Marengo had made
him master of Italy, and Moreau was
ready to strike the final blow with his
army in Germany. The momen was
not ripe, however, until December 8.
when at Hohenlinden Moreau won the
day in one of the hardest-fought battles
of the year. It brought the peace Of
Lunevi!!e.
In the meantime, during November,
Marshal Macdonald, with Il, 900 French
troops, had crossed the Alps into Italy
at the difficult pass of Splugen. thus in
creasing the French forces in Italy to
100, 900 men.
Napoleon had returned to Paris. His
triumph was complete.
Among the births of the year of per-
sons who won fame in Wife were the fol-
lowinS:
Job IS. Chauncey, American naval
officer.
Jakob Leonard Chodzko, Polish his
torian.
Cirque, chief of the Mendi Africans.
William Clancy, Irish Roman Catholic
bishop in America.
George w. F. v. Clarendon, fourth
Earl of England.
Lyman Cobb, American author.
Stephen Caldwell, American lawyer
and ibenefactor.
Thomas Count de Conway, Irish gem
eral in American revoopkion.