The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-06-10
NOTES OF ELECTRICAL PROGREss.

SuS0uehAnaA River at n mint about three miles
south of where tia, .,r..m cros,es the MARYLAND.
p.nn,v,v.nla line. ,r,., dam will be bull, Jus,
over me line in Penn svivsn,a. and . canal viii lead
the v.,e, N ths rov.r houx. where A fall of forty
fee, III, n. .v,,.h,. n \. .xueeted that 40, 900
borxrnov,v ssn n. a.ve,op~d ana that the cost Of
the vorks viii M abou, ~ 600 900. The power il 70
be tran smi,,ed electrically, TO baltimore. Warrington.
ruAAne'pn,A, anu o.hei places IN - 49,. ~
-...ss II, 60
A, Ymu,d.n. in Holland. the three set, Of lock
yates a, the mouth of the Nordsee Canal are opened
| and closed nv e'ec,ricity. mower being generated al a
sin gle station for the thr,e. The great d~lfnculties due
10 the heavy masses 70 BE- moved and the necessary
slowness Of the motion. As well as the presence OF
| moisture evsrvwhere. have been we'll overcome and
! the system moves very smoothly. About As horse
power Is required at each gate. this opening II fully.
against, . difference Of level OF 4 inches Of water, In
80 .on,,ou.a ~. ...
a..
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A new use Tor the Arrays mas occn iound In
the examination OF ancient manuscripts and pahmp-
sess. hwasa custom Of 'he ancient" 10 erase or
partially erase. manuscripts on parchment Tor the
sake Of the writing material. parchment bling high
I InR IN Oh XTfAt u llU w uuF "
chemicals have been used to render the letters OF
the older writing iegible, their effect has generally
been to DESTROY the manuscript sooner or later. An
Italian. who has made a deep study Of the inks used
By the ancient scribes, has discovered that many OF
them are opaou e to the x "a rs and tina, GOOD radio
graphs may be made showing the nov almost totally
invisible writing with great distincsnesa
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In boring . deep well 10 Germany the hardened END
Of . steel dnh oroke on al q dep'n OF ABOUT i.ooo
feet As II was clearly Impossible to dnli out the
hard s'eei. II was necessary elmer 70 remove T" or
ABANDON the oonng nwas removed IN a ngnlyi In
genious way. A soft iron bar, nve Feet long ara Two
,nele LAYER Of India rubber covered wire. thus max.
Ing II an ectromaene, The bar, with wires leading
70 IT, was lowered into tho hole, and current from /.
mail dynamo turned on. This maenetised the bar,
which was then carefully drawn up 10 the surface.
brinsine the steel dnilpoint With II.
=
An Interesting method OF electrically depos'ung
some OF the metals which are attacked BY wafer Is
due 70 C. T. Burgess. He hnds that some Of the
metals. such a. lthium. sodium. potassium. &C..
have salts solublein organic liquid compounds con
aiming no oxygen. The rare metal lthium was sue
cessfuhy deposited from a solution Of Its chloride In
pyridine' q volatile liquid Of organic origin.
"Na"e hS-
been Invented In Germany. An Insulating cylinder
carries al one end the soldering head. which is. as
usual. OF copper At the other end Is a receptacle con
tanning a carbon holder The carbon is fed In until
II strikes the back Of the copper iron then with
drawn a short distance. In the space between copper
and carbon an electric arc Is formed. which rapidly
heats the copper point 70 the required temperature
and keeps Il hot. AS the arc Is entirely enclosed 1,
burns quietly and with very little consum puon OF the
,,,.d n,,r rn,u ~. ar. ngu,,b.d Tn. Too, 4
..,a 4, ,.ou,re from ,vo IN thee times AZ much mir.
,.n, a.. IN. o,N,.,r s..nd,. nov., ,r,.nds.sp
,,mn and n ~,v. .,c.n.n, ,..,,. in nr.cucr
his very hard 10 estimate the brilliancy Of . source
Of light. The following figures give an excellent idea
Of the comparative bfllliancy-or candle power per
square inch Of surfaces-of various kinds Of lights
II We take the sun al so degrees elevation as SOC. 1000.
then the sun on the horizon u about 1000: arc light
10000 TO 100, 900 dhe maximum light being from a
small part Of the positive crater where the brllisncy
Is 2%oo.o0o); calcium light 5000: incandescens lamp
nlsment 900 70 800; surface Of melting platinum. iso
indosd arc lamp topai inner globel. IS 70 100: Wells
a.m. |, n A. Nth the latter be,n, y,rv variable.
candle and flame. 4 10 4. frosted inosnd.sccnt lamp
70 8, and ordinary epAl lamp shades, a TO 1.
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~ " Nh os" "A
eandescent lamp Is greatly underfafed In the popular
mind An ordinary le-eandle-p power lamp I'm
mersed In a quart OF WAFER VIII neat " 70 tne BOILING
pointin an hour. CeIuioid In contact Win a lamp
bulb may be igni'ed In a rev minutes wnie SIX
shades close 70 the ouiosafe sco'ehed IN a rev hours
In Boston last year an incandescens lamp hanging
by It's cord against q wooden partition. gradually
scorcned ana enArred INC "ood uhui " ourhed q ho'e
compulsory 'nrougni j" anu SET ne
Iii. 4, ,,r. .,hu,.,u
.a..- III. Irn,.s c-o,.,nm.n h..I .s,.d 49,,
for the installation Of electric fans In various
oaracKs ana military sauons dispensing win me
hAh-near'ed AND sleepy Wahan whose
duty u mas oeeh 70 pun 'ne "nng Oh the puhkan' OF
ceiiinR ran. whenever aroused 'nereU oS 'ne cufanes
or ooosIacks OF 'ne pelspinhs WINE man. NOW ne Is
TO be replaced by Inc whiIhihs ana sieepiess eiecuic
fan. and Inc suggestion mas oeen mace IN good iaith'
work on a tread mill and the energy thus generated
used 70 work dynamos and charge storage batteries
for operating the fans Nothing has yet been heard
from the punkah pullers' union, and Il Is likely that
the plan as outlined will be carried into effect.
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Thetoal current used Tor incandesoent lighting In
New York city Is an astonishing amount On April
l.. 1900. the Edison Company was supplying i.leo,-
262 lamps. The New YORK Gas, Heat Light and
Power Company, covering the boroughs OF Manhai-
tan and The Bronx, and including the Edison stations.
was supplying i,a7s.Ss6 locandle power lamps and
the United Electric Light and Power Company about
100000 lamps including ISOLATED plants. the grand