davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1900-07-19
Philadelphia & Erie R f Division.
AND
NORTHERN rENTRAL RAILWAY
WESTWARD,

WESTWARD,
Train leaves : II syrove Junction daily fol
SuuJny ana West.
gejam, II IS p m, : 30 p m.--Sunday % a m
% III.
Trains leave Sunbury daily EXCEPT sunday;
l2lam Tor B nlO, Erie and Cananlaigua
S 10 u m for Bellcionte Erie and Canandaigua
az IN for Lock Haven, Tyrone ani the WcSl.
10 p IN for ReleiOnte Kane Tyrone and CanaE.
dagua
545p m for kenovo and Elmira
\ 50 p M Tor Wllllamspoit
Sunday ; 10 n IN for Erie and Canandaigua
s46 IA m for Lock Haven and s So III for vi
Transport
650am, Q IS n IN 9 90 and 5 asp m for Wilkes
barre and HaZcton
6 25 m 10 10 am, o5 IN, i5 p IN for Shame
kin and Mount Carmel
Sunday Q 55 a IN Tor Wilkesbarre
EASTWARD.
Trains leave SelinsgrOve Junction
1905 III, lily arriving at Philadelphia
3lTpm New York 8 SO p IN Baltimore 3 IL p IN
Washington 4 10 pm
s3i m daily arriving at Philadelphia
% 20 p IN New York 8 SO q IN, Baltimore 9l5p IN
Washington 10 So p IN.
sep IN, uaiiy arriving at Philadelphia
4soa IN, New York 7l3 IN. Baltimore 2 80 m
""'"' Trains also leave sunbury:
2Gam daily arriving at Philadeidhia 8 81 N
Baltimore IS q IN Washington 74b am New
York SO a m Weekdays. 10 SO q IN Sundays,
75O q m week days arriving at Philadelphia
II 4s m, New York ls m, Baltimore II s.
q m, Washington 90 p N.
i65 D m, week days arriving At Philadelphis
s23 m. New YORK 81 p m, Baltimore 0O Op m
Washington l5pm
Trains also leave Sunbury at 80 IN and Is
and 81 p IN, for Harrisburg. Philadelphia and
Baltimore
J.R. WOOD, Gen'l Pass Agent
J. B. HUTCHINSON asn1 Msnsxsr.
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1900-07-19
\ Department of Labor Favored.

In the interest of American labor and
the uplifting of th" wurHuAmun. as the
corner stOu. of the prosperity of our
country. We recommend that congress
create a department of labor in charge
of secretary, with u seat In the cab
met. holieviUs that the elevation OF the
American luborrr will bring with 1t in
creased prosperity TO our country at
home and to our commerce abroad.
We are proud of the courage and hdcl-
ity OF the American soldiers and sailors in
all our wars; we favor liberal pensions
to them and their dependents and we re-
iteratc the position taken in the Chicago
platform in 1896 that the fact of enlist
ment and service shall be deemed cOnclu-
sive evidence against disease and dis
ability before enlistment.
We favor the immediate construction
ownership and control of the Nicaragua
canal by the United States. and we de-
nounCe the insinCerity of the plank In the
late Republican platform for an 18TH
The Middleburgh post. [volume] (Middleburgh, Snyder Co., Pa.) 1883-1916, 1900-07-19
I'd 'ssslas,so 90 2 snossvd v nHof

IN, 'ps'lo!Ios IspIo InoA .coIt ss'e,s i.p,o
a, 100 ieIIoQ suO"A'N puff N "IsQ PIN I'D
-. =. Asuom 10 ps,usssIdsI So ago " ssluvignS
s,ap pug 1sIIgu sV, no IspIoV spsqs MopuIM
,,rStsinp ,som pus is95uoI,s lsslBau 9ql 81 puu
'A''ea S q uIspun psIn,ovJnuvm 81 dII|s sIqL
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1900-06-23
Back From Nome.

Mr.. T. J. Hollirger returned
from Cape Nome last Monday,
Tom did not bring back any gold
but he was loaded down with rich
fund of experience.
Mr.. Hollinger left Seattle on
Nav 81, on the Str. Senator. On
June 9th, they had reached a point
lao miles from Nome, but owing
to the ice the boat could proceed no
farther. The night of the 9Th of
June will ever be remembered by
all on board All about was a field
of broken ice. The ship was jam
med into this ice so fast that she
could not move an inch. A storm
was liable to cause the ice to crush
the boat. A hole had already been
stove into the Senator and she was
leaking badly. All the passengers
prayed that night. Tom admits
that he did, and says that Tim
Callahan sent up some of the most
eloquent supplications every utter
ed. The BOAT cracked and popped
under the fearful train, but towards
morning got loose and bucked the
ice fields successfully back to Dutch
Harbor, 900 miles, where Tom was
glad to take boat for home. He
says $4,000 would not tempt him
to try 1T over again.
Mr.. Hollinger met many whalers
at Dutch Harbor, who has crept
out from Nome with their craft
through the ice foes. He saws
none of them had a good word for
Cape Nome.
One must hear Mr.. Hollinger
tell Of the trip to realize it's dangers
and horrors.
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1900-06-23
Cinnamon in Trouble.

VIM. B. Thews, Immigration In
spector, at Rykert, B. c., and
James E. Dolan, special customs
officer, made big haul, last Tues
day, succeeding in capturing 9
Cinnamon charged with evading
the regulations of the chinese ex-
clusion act.
1t seems that the Cinnamon
crossed the line on Monday night
and the officers got wind of the
invasion before Tuesday noon. The
Cinnamon had evidently been trsv-
cling at night. The officers follow
ed the trail up along the K. V. and
found their camps, but the celes-
tials kept hid until night. The
officers got in ahead and waited.
figuring that the Cinnamon would
keep to the railroad. In this thew
were not disappointed and shortly
after dark six objects of the search
came out CT their hiding and were
taken in. These were put onto a
hand car and started for Boomers
Ferry, At Balls ranch 3 more
were overtaken, making 9 in all.
The culprite are having an ex-
animation before U. S. Commission
er O'Callaghan. U. S. District at
torney r. V. Cozier was here yester-
day to prosecute. but returned to
Moscow after presenting the govern
ment's side of the case. Deputy U.
5. Marshal c. A. Forseman, of Lew
iston, come in yesterday to take
the prospective subjects for deporta-
ton to the coast.
The Cinnamon are very much
averse to being deported, and their
capture and deportation will have
salutary effect in preventing other
of their countrymen from trying
to slip in through the Boomers
Ferry gateway.
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1900-06-23
Mckinley and Roosevelt are
Named.
LOCAL NEWS ITEMS
Other Matters of Political Interest
That have TRANSFERRED During
the Week.

Mckinley and Roosevelt
that is the ticket Nominated by
reclamation, and the strongest
ticket that could have been put in
the field. 1t will sweep the coun-
try.
Hon. Frank G. Ramsey, U. S.
marshal, arrived today, on business
in connection with the Chinese
trouble. Mr.. Ramsey is promln-
emily mentioned for the Republican
nomination for governor.
Mr.. James e. Dolan, special
customs officer, has been ordered to
report at Port Hill for duty under
assignment of Deputy Collector
Ryan.
Mr.. Edwin Doust appears to
be the unanimous choice of the Re-
publicans of the north part of Koo-
tenai county for the nomination
for sheriff 1t is probable that he
will be nominated by reclamation,
as we have heard no other name
mentioned. Mr.. Doust served sever
al terms as deputy sheriff and
handled the business entrusted to
him to the entire satisfaction of his
superiors, so that his nomination
would be most appropriate one.
being man of experience. Ed
is solid citizen, owns a splendid
ranch near town, made so by his
industry. His nomination would
be good one,
Editor Forseman of the Lewis
ton Teller, deputy U. s. Marshal,
and Mr.. James E. Dolan made this
office pleasant call today.
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1900-06-23
School Closes.

The Bonners Ferry school closed
yesterday, and the teachers, Miss
Miller and Miss McCsrtor left for
their homes today. The last week
was devoted to final examinations
and to completing the records.
The new principal will find very
complete record of each pupils
work and standing and should have
no trouble in assigning each to
the proper grade.
Miss Miller was not en- applicant
for the school another wear, and
expects to retire from school work.
The HERALD has heretofore COM
plimented the young ladies on their
work in the school room and can
now only bid them, in behalf of
their many friends, a reluctant
good bye.
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1900-06-23
We Celebrate.

Steps were taken last week to
have celebration at Boomers Ferry
on the 4th. Chas. C'Callaghan, as
chairman, appointed the following
executive committee:
w. L. Kinnear, J. p. Beeler, VIM.
VanGasken, John O'Hogge, A. J.
Kent.
The executive committee appoint
ed the following committees:
FINANCE.
Mike Fitzpatrick. J.F. Cook.
John Seehaver.
SPORTS.
T. A. Bishop. VIM. Elderton.
t. w. Mclaughlin.
BALL.
Geo. Albert. Luke Fitzpatrick.
M. P. Rogle. Phil Casey.
BASE BALL.
w. R. Shoulder. 6. F. Cook.
Jake Burkit.
FIRE WORKS.
H. L. Medberry. John Muhlfeld.
Cnas. O'Callaghan.
RECEPTION.
S. E. Henry. J. E. Dolan.
G. r. Gray. Troy Morrow.
Frank Murray. e. j. Sullivan.
t. J. Jones. M. NJ. Fry.
w. l.. O'Connell. Henry Melder.
S. D. Taylor.
A liberal fund has been SUBJ
scribed to pay the expenses, prizes,
etc, and every arrangement is being
made to insure grand time.
Mr.. Geo. H. Ross was in from
Port Hill this week.
Mr.. VIM. Ryan, collector of
customs at Port Hill, was Bonners
Ferry visitor last Wednesday.
Hon. G. L. Hoffman was over
from the county seat last Wednes-
day.
The big show is coming next
Tuesday. Special Rates on the K,
V. A large crowd is expected,
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1900-06-23
Ice Cream tomorrow at Nc
Laughlin's Ice Cream Parlors.

Ice Cream tomorrow at Nc
Laughlin's Ice Cream Parlors.
The democratic primary to
elect 6 delegates to the county con-
vention was held today. AS we 90
to press we learn that rs votes
were polled and II candidates were
voted for, of which the following
were elected: |. J, Brant. M p
Boyle, Luke Fitzpatrick, VIM Ed
erton, H. L. Carlton and DR.. 6. e.
Barker
The engravers who are doing
the WORK for our special edit ion
were not able to get our last order
for engravings to us in time for use
this week. 1t will appear next
week.
Mr.. T. J. Jones and Mr.. w l..
Kinnear have each been urged to
be candidates for the legislature
but each have so far declined.
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1900-06-23
Oiphtheria Among the Indians

Diphtheria has broken out among
the Indians located near Bonners
Ferry.
DIR. I. A. Bishop has been inves-
tigating the subject, by request of
the town board, and has discovered
8 cases, 4 of when hare resulted in
death, l has convalesced, and A
others are now down with the
disease.
These Indians belong to no reser-
walton and so there is no Indian
agent to look after them.
AT a meeting of the town trustees
last night, a quarantine was declar-
ed against the Indians and Marshal
Boyker instructed to allow no Indi-
ans within the corporate limits
The warm weather is favorable to
the determination of the disease but
the sanitary conditions and the
habits of the Indians make it diff
ficult situation to handle
At the suggestion of the Indian
agent for the Flathead Reservation 3,
made to Deputy Sheriff Carlton,
that the government will most lik-
ely bear any expense incurred in
doctoring the Indians, DR.. Bishop
will look after the matter in pro-
fessional way. He his already pro-
vided disenfectants.
Most Of the Kootenais have been
away to Ft. Steele, but are now
returning,
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1900-06-23
Teachers EMPLOYED.

The trustees CT the Boomers
Ferry school district have employ
ed the following teachers for the
ensuing year:
Prof. r. c. Drake, Principal.
Miss McCartor, intermediate.
Miss Gerhardt, Primary.
The salaries have been fixed at
$40 per m onth for the pr ncipal
and $50 per month each for the
other two.
Prof. Drake is a graduate of the
state normal school Of Indiana and
is teacher of IA years experience.
He is highly recommended.
Miss Nc Cartor had the primary
department here last year, and is a
graduate of the Moscow high school.
1t was not her intention to reapply
for position here. TIE place bsin g
rendered her by the unanimous
action of the board. she acce pied
Miss Gerhardt is graduate of
the state normal at Ellensburg,
Washington, and will also graduate
this year at Lewiston, where she has
been preparing especially for prim.
AIRY work. She has had one years
experience in teaching.
School, will commence on the 1st
Monday in September
The Kootenai herald. [volume] (Kootenai, Idaho) 1891-1904, 1900-06-23

Nice prints at &c per yard at
Eaton's Store.
The Great Syndicate English
American Shows at Boomers Ferry
on Tuesday, June 26.
Mrs. G. w. Dawson. postmis-
tress at Copeland, and wife of a
prominent candidate for county
commissioner, is stopping at the
Dawson ranch this week.
Griggs courier. (Cooperstown, Griggs Co., Dak. [N.D.]) 1885-1902, 1900-07-12
COLLEAGUES MEET.
Gov. Roosevelt Pays IL Visit to Prcsi-
dent Mckinley at His Home
in CantOn, o.

Canton. O.. July 1.-THE home city
OF the president on Friday accorded to
his colleague on the republican ma
precedented. even in Canton. 1t would
be hard TO say whether he citizens of
Canton voiced a more demonstra BILE
welcome to President Mckinley or to
Gov. Roosevelt. Yet it may be said with
truth that Canton did not diScrimi-
nate in the demonstration. the first
occasion on which the republican cam
didates for president and vice presi-
dent have personally met since the
Philadelphia convention. Gov Roose-
Welt arrived in Canton over the Val
ley railroad at half-past FIVE.
The yard of the Mckinley residence
and the streets adjacent We're literal
ly packed with humanity when the
governor alghted from mis- carriage
and walked brisllly toward the house
Then a tremendous cheer burst forth
from the assembled multitude. Presi-
dent Mckinley was standing on the
porch waiting with outstretched hands
to greet his associate on the national
ticket. When they shook hands the
scene was inspiring indeed. The as
semblage was clamorous for speeches.
and when something like quiet was re-
stored the president introduced Gov
Roosevelt, who spoke briefly. express
ing his thanks for the reception ac-
corded him. At dinner the only guests
at the Mckinley residence besides the
regular household were Gov. Roosevelt
and Judge and Mrs. Day President
Mckinney and Gov, Roosevelt were in
conference most of the evening, but
nothing could be learned as to the
matters discussed The governor left
for New York at 1850.
Griggs courier. (Cooperstown, Griggs Co., Dak. [N.D.]) 1885-1902, 1900-07-12
DAMAGING STORMS.
Wisconsin CouniH-Huild
inEs Blown Down.

Milwaukee. July "A Sentinel spe-
cial from Waukau. Wis. says: The
southwestern part of Winnebago coun-
ty. particularly the townships of
Nepouskun and Utica, was visited Fri
day by q tornado. the most destruc-
tive in the history os this locality. The
storm broke with fearful fury, lasting
80 minutes. The large barn of Nor
risey Bros. was leveled to the ground.
Lawrence and Pierce Morrisey, the
owners, had sought refuge in the
barn. Lawrence was hurled through
the air distance of 100 feet His
head was badly cut and serious inter
nal injuries We're sustained.
At Berlin, Wis, many roofs were.
blown off. The entire front of the
Owen livery was blown out and many
streets about the city were blocked
with broken trees. Jim Quaddy, who.
was taking shelter under the grand
stand at the fair grounds. WAS seri-
ously injured. and lad with him had
an eye put out. The telephone and
electric light systems are entirely de
molished. Mike Decker. of Fargoville,
WAS struck by lightning and instantly
killed.
Des Moines, Ia. July "a special.
from Steamboat Rock Hardin county.
says that town WAS swept by cyclone
a four o clock Friday afternoon Hun
9reGs of trees We're blown over and
many We're pulled up by the roots. The
damage to oats. corn and wheat crops
will reach thousands. No reports of
loss of life have been received as vet,
but it is thought several persons were
killed. a coudhurst at St ANTHONY,
in Marshall county, happened soon after
here was fully as great as ,ha, by the
cyclone. Fully mile of the track of
the Illinois Central was washed away
Griggs courier. (Cooperstown, Griggs Co., Dak. [N.D.]) 1885-1902, 1900-07-12
THE SOUTH AFRICAN WAR.
Lord Roberts Reports an Engage
ment Between Pasct's Forces
and the Hocrs.

London. July ten, paget is NOV
ing toward the heart of the country
held by DeWet. Lord Roberts 1cle-
"raphcd to the war Office, unaer date
Of Pretoria. as follows:
'I'aset engaged the enemy on July 2
successfully at Piesrfontcin He drove
them out Of q very strong position across
IecuWkop to Bronrriontcin. whore he
bivouackcd tor the night. lie followed LiI,
the enemy and on The afternoon of july A
was at l5laauWkonJ". 10 miles northwest
of Hethelem. He reports that all OF
StcNu's government officials, except he
treasurer genera. who has gone to NrcGc.
are at Bethlehem. which has been pro-
claimed the capital. Steyn hi.nscli is re-
ported to have taken flight to the noun
tains Butler reports tn" line to IIcidcl-
berg restored. thus completing railway
communication between Pretoria and Ma
tai"
The Times Lourenzo Marques CORE
spondent. in dispatch dated Friday,
saws: From a trustworthy source it
is lcarI cd that X-l'rcsidcnt Sttyn and
{ hristlan DtWct ar the only Obstacles
to he termination Of The war la South
Africa
Griggs courier. (Cooperstown, Griggs Co., Dak. [N.D.]) 1885-1902, 1900-07-12
SILVER REPUBLICANS.
In Convention in Kansas City They
lnd0rse the Nominees OF the
Democratic Party.

Kansas City. Mo-, July 1.-THE ma
tional convention of the silver republics
an party adjourned sine die yesterday
without making nomination for vice
president, the whole matter being re-
ferred to the national committee with,
power to act. W. j. Bryan was made
the unanimous choice of the conven-
ton for president. The national COM
mittec met after adjournment and
voted unanimously to place -\Giai T.
Stevenson in nomination for vice prcsi-
dent. The following is Il synopsis of
the plat form adopted:
Consent of the governed as embodied
In the declaration of Independence and
the federal constitution is held to be eS-
sential to the maintenance of the United,
States republican Institutions, bmetai-
lSm is declared to be necessary, and a
pledge is made for the repeal of the gold
standard law. graduate income tax is
favored. election of United States sena-
tors by direct vote is favored. civil scrv-
ice is considered proper. but public serv-
ants should he retained in office only so
long as the efficiency of their service is
maintained; trusts and monopollus are
condemned and laws to DESTROY them are
advocated; adherence to tn" Monroe doc
trine is held 10 be wise national policy,
control by the United States OF Am inter
oceanic canal is considered necessary:
legislation is demanded to prevent tho
public domain from falling into the hands
OF aliens. the referendum principle is ia
Vo""d, as Well as liberal pensions TO de-
serving soldiers. etc; sympathy with the
Bo"rS is expressed Porto Kican tariff is
condemned. imperialism is considered
dangerous; application OF the policy
adopted toward Cuba is favored for the
Philippines: repeal of war taxes is de
manded and the admission states of
Arizona. New Mexico and Oklahoma:
reclamation of arid lands is urged pub
lie ownership of public utilities. eXpan-
sion of commerce in the interest of Amer
lean labor and the prevention of mporta-
ton OF AsHtc labor ar" the final princi-
piles advocated all III the spirit and.
teachings of jefferson a:lG Lincoln
Griggs courier. (Cooperstown, Griggs Co., Dak. [N.D.]) 1885-1902, 1900-07-12

1t is interesting to know from a
dealer in jewels that pearls are in par
ticularly good health this summer.
"Good health is the expression Of the
dealer, and he meant it literally.
These gems are particularly liable
to disease" he said. Commercially,
the health of pearl refers to it's
lustcr and when it becomes dull, You
may know that it is sick. Salt water
is the only tonic that is known to be
ct1cacious in such cases, and after
being immersed in brine for several
days, the gems will be found to be re-
stored to their usual health.
Griggs courier. (Cooperstown, Griggs Co., Dak. [N.D.]) 1885-1902, 1900-07-12
BRYAN AND STEVENSON.
They Are the Candidates Nomi-
mated by Democrats for Pres
dent and Vice President.
ILLINOIS MAN CHOSEN ON FIRST BALLOT
Completes It~ Work and AdjOurns
Sine Dic-SenntOr Jones Reelected
Chairman of National Committee.

Kansas City. Mo. July 5.-Amid scenes
of tumultuous enthusiasm befittng such
an event and such a day the democratic
national convention began its sessions yes
terday. Chairman Jones called the dele
gates to order and Rev. S. w. Neel offered
prayer. Following the prayer came an
address of welcome by Mayor Reed. of
Kansas City. The chair then introduced
Gov. Thomas of Colorado as temporary
chairman. a round of applause greeted
Gov Thomas as he assembled the platform.
His severe arraignment of the "entrenched
enemy drew d ripple of applause, and as
he proceeded his well-rounded sentences
Griggs courier. (Cooperstown, Griggs Co., Dak. [N.D.]) 1885-1902, 1900-07-12

One of the consequences of the i'm
stallaton of corn kitchen in the
agricultural section Of the United
States exhibit at the Paris EXPOSE
ton is a widespread agitation in
of a government commission to visit
this country and ascertain the best
means of introducing corn in France.
The cereal already has won some rec
ognition in Europe, and in the course
of few years the expectation seems
likely to be of large proportions.
Griggs courier. (Cooperstown, Griggs Co., Dak. [N.D.]) 1885-1902, 1900-07-12

Capt. Francis Martin. of Detroit. the
oldest American naval officer alive,
has just celebrated his one hundredth
birthday. lie was second lieutenant
six years before Adm. Dewey was
born. He entered the government
service in 1881, and has been in it
ever since. getting his first commits
sion from Andrew jackson. \ month
before attaining his majority he Wit
messed the funeral of Napoleon Bona
parte, the vessel on which he was
serving having put into st. Helena
for water.
Griggs courier. (Cooperstown, Griggs Co., Dak. [N.D.]) 1885-1902, 1900-07-12

The only place in the world where
violin making may be said to consti-
tute the staple industry is Markneu-
kirchen, in SaNony, with its numerous
surrounding villages. There arc al
together about $4,000 people in this
district engaged exclusively in the
manufacture of violins. The inhab-
itants, from the small boy and girl to
the wrnkled. gray-headed veteran
and aged grandmother, are all con-
stantly employed making some part
or other of this musical instrument.
Griggs courier. (Cooperstown, Griggs Co., Dak. [N.D.]) 1885-1902, 1900-07-12

Miss Sarah Moore Ross. aged 90
years. passed away at the house Of
her niece. Mrs. Jared IIaincs. No. "a
Franklin street, Newark. n j.. few
DAYS ago. She was born in 1904 in a
house on the site now occupied by
the State bank building. in Broad
street and was he daughter of James
and Margaret Ross. Miss Ross was
one OF the l3 girls, representing the
original IL G., lies and states, who
strewcd flowers before Lafayette
when he visited Newark. She was a
beautiful girl, and Gen. Lafayette hon
Ored her with kiss.
Griggs courier. (Cooperstown, Griggs Co., Dak. [N.D.]) 1885-1902, 1900-07-12

A mystery with which every sailor
is familiar is the formation of dust
at sea. Those who are acquainted
with sailing ships know that, no mat
ter how careful the decks may be
washed down in the morning, and
how little work of any kind may be
done during the day, nevertheless, if
the decks are swept at nightfall, an
enormous quantity of dust will be
collected.
Griggs courier. (Cooperstown, Griggs Co., Dak. [N.D.]) 1885-1902, 1900-07-12

Until the discovery of deposits OF
lime in the Calico mountains borax
had been product of the marsh and
of methods the simplest, admitting
no improvement in mechanical appli-
ances. An entirely new era opened
with the discovery of borate of lime
in stratitied rock formation. Thence.
forward the industry was transform
ed into proposition akin to that
of quartz mining