Evening journal., 1900-01-30

OPERATION OF THE BOAT.
The method OF operating the vessel
is also interesting. When the vessel
is en- the surface Of the water, with the
smcKestack ana the airshaft erected
and running ahead full speed ana it is
desired to dive the valves placed On
the bottom in the water spaces ale
opened and the air contained in these
spaces allowed TO escape through
valves provided at their up
per end. The blower is stop
ped the furnace and ashpit
doors are closed alright, the smoke
stacks are shipped the cover OF the
aperture through which they pass
when erect is swung around and drop
ped into its place and clamped tightly.
BY this time the vessel will be nearly
awash. While reaching the awash po-
sition she is run in the direction in
which It is necessary to steer, steam
power being still employed until the
steam pressure In the boiler Is run of.
AS soon as the horizontal position at
the proper depth is attained an auto
matte apparatus prevents further con-
siderable movement in a vertical d.
lrecuon. II by failure OF any part OF
this apparatus the vessel should run to
a greater depth than Is desired. say be-
yond 40 feet. the lower end OF the lover
engages with a short lever that oper-
ates a valve placed on an air pipe lead
Ing forward TO the forward section OF
the boat. When 40 feet depth or more
| Is reached a charge Of air will be al
lowed by this valve to pass from the
Service air reservoir, through 1t along
this pipe into the bow section OF the
vessel forcing the water contents out
through the valve on the bottom. This
viii Immediately expel 1850 pounds
weight OF water, reducing the weight
OF the vessel by so much and commu-
nicating O strong tendency equal
TO about 81 tons to the bow OF the
vessel on account of its great leverage
from the centre of buoyance.
II necessary the engines may be stop
ped and the part Of the diving gear that
failed adjusted; but, il the trouble be
not serious. steering in a vertical di-
rection can be done by hand. Water
must be readmitted to the bow section
by allowing the air charge TO escape
and opening the, valve at the bottom
OF the chamber.
THE RUN UNDER WATER.
The first part of the submerged run
IS made with steam. but in about one
minute the pressure in the boiler is ex-
hausted and the temperature greatly
reduced Steam is then shut on, the
large dynamo started and the friction
clutches on the engine screw sharts
opened. The vessel can then proceed
en- the submerged run with the power
! derived from the storage batteries.
! Should 1t be desired to stop or lie still
Submerged, but not on the bottom, two
small auxiliary water ballast spaces, or
i diving tanks, are allowed to NIL with
water by permitting the air they con-
tain to escape. II Il be advisable to re-
main below the surface OF the water
without going to the bottom while in
sondings, instead Of expanding power
Ito overcome the small remaining re-
served buoyance, the vessel may be an
chored and the apparatus controlling
the horizontal rudders adjusted to hold
tho vessel at the depth required. She
Will lie there without much change OF
level unless there is absolutely nc
current or tideway.
: When IL is necessary to come near
} the surface for observation. either
when moving or lying still, the camera
luoida placed between the projections
on the turret and slightly to one side
may be raised to the height Of four
feet above the top OF the turret. This
Is capable Of being revolved so that
the whole horizon may be swept; but
II moving rapidly, is very much more
satisfactory TO bring the vessel to the
surface Of the water, allowing the ton
Of the turret to project for a few sec
onds. An all-around view may thus
be obtained and bearings corrected
|, without revealing any noticeable bulk
above the surface, and this movement
ca. made rapidly enough to prevent
the possibility of its being sighted
fred upon and hit by anything larger
than rifle bullets.
THE AIR SUPPLY.
Thirty cubic feet OF air at a pressure
Of 1000 pounds per square inch are car
ried in the air reservoirs. This volume
OF air is more than sufficient for the
/, supply of the crew during six hours
submergence-the usual maximum
time OF a submerged run-leaving an
abundant reserve for operating the by.
= draulic cylinders and the water bal
, last
But If, by any chance, the supply oil
air should run outfit, for instance
there was no opportunity Of storing ali
while the vessel was on the surface
the supply can be renewed while sub
merged or lying on the bottom il
q water less than so feet deep by allow
ing q float, carrying a two-inch hos,
4 pipe on a reel placed aft Of the aftei
, ccmpanion-way in the superstructur,
Z 70 rise TO surfaceof thewater. carryin,
! the hose pipe with II and holding Il,
J open end above the surface. The con
4 nection shown with this reel may b,
carried to small air compressor
4 driven by the small dynamo aft, and
4 sufficient quantity Of air for severa
. hours use stored in a few minutes
! time, The boat can be indefinitely un
j der the same conditions. renewing IN,
q supply OF air as may be required.
! The boat may be brought to the sur
A face from submerged condition as fol
4 lows: II lying still and anchored, tn,
r anchor Is raised and the upward forcl
. OF the reserve buoyancy permitted I,
n bring the vessel 10 the surface. II tn,
vessel happens 10 be running submerge,
De- uN 4a.Ian A.