The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1900-12-07
CAUSE OF THE PIP.
4 Young woman student Discovers
the Source OF the Destructive
Chicken Disease.

Chicken Disease.
Women who have gone into the
chicken raising business and women
who want to go into it, the latter
forming decidedly the larger class,
will be proud of one of their sex who
has made discovery which proves
Invaluable to poultry growers. Wom-
en- have always had a liking for this
industry, but have been discouraged
from entering it on account of its
many stumbling blocks on the road to
success. One of the most impossible
of these was the pips, a disease which
every year destroys fully half the
young chickens. No matter how well
they may be cared for or how thrifty
the stock may appear, the pips will
appear among them and in less than
a week thousands of them will be
dead. Any remedy so far tried has
proved unsuccessful because it has
never been known what the exact ma
ture of the disease is.
Miss Grace M. Norris. student at
the Syracuse medical college, recently
made the discovery that the pips is
caused by worm which lodges in
the throat of the animal, choking it.,
says the Chicago Chronicle. The
worm is about half an inch long as
she found it and fastens itself to the
mucous membrane of the chickens
trachea, where it grows until it has
reached maturity. when it energies
from the mouth or nostrils of the
fowl and. falling to the ground. there
deposits it's ova and dies. A group
of these parasites lodged in the throat
will soon fill up the air passage, when
the chicken will open its mouth to
pant and finally. unable to breathe,
will die. 1t is from the ova deposit
on the ground that disease spreads.
The chickens scratching up the soil
set these eggs in motion and they are
breathed into the trachea, where they
soon mature. So rapid is the spread
of the disease that almost before it's
presence has been discovered all the
birds in the yard will be afflicted.
Once started it is almost impossible
| to check and in nine cases out of ten
will kill the fowl. The only prevent
i've is to change the chickens from one
yard to another. thus giving time for
the publication of the soil. If well
plowed the yard will soon become
clean again.
In talking of her discovery Miss Nor
- i L -
animals and that is probably the rea.
son why I investigated this disease
I visited last spring during my vaca
ton at farm near Richfield Springs
where a great number of fowls were
raised. I noticed that many of the
young chickens and turkeys were suf
fering from peculiar affection, which
caused them to open their mouth!
and suddenly, when they were appar
emily perfectly strong, die. The farm
ers said they had pips, but aside from
what I had observed they knew littl,
of the disease and had been unsuc
cessful in their attempts to overcome
| it. For four months I did nothing
but study and experiment with tn,
disease. AS a result / found that thu
| gaping was caused by the presence O
a parasite in the trachea. It is brigh
| pink color and about half an incl
long and twisted in shape. Near ont
end it has a long appendage, which
gives it a forked appearance like tn,
letter Y. This appendage fastens itsel
firmly to the mucous membrane of thu
trachea, forming in masses, which clos
the air passage and cause death.
'SThe worm is pointed at one end
where the mouth is located. 1 hav
named the parasite the habit
trachena. There were an average o
20 parasites in every fowl examined
The only effective treatment 1 hav
found is to keep the fowls on fresl
soil, where there are no eggs to be in
hailed. Authorities have never agrees
as to the cause of the disease and TO
this reason no effective remedy ha
been found. A hooked wire apparatu
has been used, but without success
The wire is run down the trachea ans
in nearly every case the fowl dies a
result of the remedy. An old treat
ment was to cut off the end of tn
tongue, which naturally appears to
diseased, showing dry and swollen an
covered with scales. Anyone can Sc
how cruel and at the same time no,
harmful this remedy would be-"
Miss Norris is student of medicin
in her second year at the Syracus
college and has distinguished hersel
by her work in biology and analytica
dissection.
Siberia q Land of Churches.
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