davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Portland daily press., 1900-10-04

departures, from the old existing types,
in the improved models and greater ton
mage The shipbuilders rapidly IN
creased the tonnage Of their ships Dullu
for the foreign trade. In IS41 the Kap-
pahannOck registering 9UO tons was
built by the SeWalls and was the Won
der OF the world as being up to that time,
the largest ship ever built for the lner-
chant service She was another depart
ure from previous models. Her cabins
were built on the upper deck ana were
lofty and spacious and were lifted up IN
q style previously unknown. She was
what was then known as 'fr1gate built,
a round bilge, tumble-in tops1des and
very wide double channels.
During the 40s the ships built vera
considered models Of strength and
beauty Their large poop cabins were
fitted up with an elegance and view
to comfort never before attem mpted on
sailing ship. Their gracefully faring
bow, their true sheer and light counter
were distinctly American. But they were
built expressly for capacity, not speed,
and it remained for the exciting news OF
the discovery OF gold in California to
stimulate the genius of our naval arch1-
tects and the result was the American
clipper of the 5Os, one or which, the
Flying Cloud, made the passage from
New York to San Francisco in eighty
two days and her time has never been
beaten, But these magnificent ships
soon proved to be not exactly what was
wanted, and ut once our shipbu1lders
turhed out the medium clipper, ship
combining the qualities of large carrying
capacity with speed, safety and comfort.
These clippers were very sharp at the
bow and some OF them were so much so
that every plank was put on Without
once resort1ng to steam1ng,
The coming OF steam vessels into the
foreign trade drove the builders into con-
tinually increasing the carrying capacity
of their ships, and the sharp lines had to
give place to more rounding ones which,
while they tended to decrease the speed,
materially increased their capacity and
today we see still another change, that OF
building ships OF steel instead OF wood.
The Portland daily press., 1900-10-04
CHANGES In THE BUILDING
OF SHIPS.
Successive steps of the Craft as shown
by the Models In the SeVvan Plant.

by the Models In the sevan Plant.
Bath, Me-, Sept. 29--Few shipbuilding
firms in the United States possess SO
large or valuable collection of models
as that which ornaments the walls Of the
office of Arthur Sewau & Co. in this
city These models serve as an object
lesson, showing as they do the many
changes which the styles In vessels have
undergone in the last seventy-fve years.
In the early years of the century we find
that the vessels were comparatively small
with round, full bows, heavy quarters
and fun run. Compared with ships of
today they were clums1ly built, were
dull sailers and though safe, were un-
comfortable sea boats. Up to about 1887
they had flush decks, the cabin and crew
quarters being under the deck. The
galley, or ''cookhouse,'' - as 1t was then
called, was six-by-six box lashed abaft
the for emast
About that time our shipbuilders adopt
ed the top gallant forecastIe which was
soon followed by the deck house, a square
SoL0OUlAO Ou41U I'll b4l0 Opcu QCCA u61I
the stern of the ship, covering the gang
way leading to the cabin and used as a
dining room for the captain and officers
during fine weather. The vessels in the
coasting and Cuba trade ranged from 20
to 100 tons burden. They were single
deck with a high poop, under which
were quarters for the officers and crew.
Il hey " ere large carriers for their ton
mage and were excellent sea boats, but
very dull sailers.
The first improvement noticed in
marine architecture was in the fishing
fleet. The square stern was adopted,
the bows were built on sharper lines and
the breadth of beam was increased,
making them better boats and swifter
saiIers. Then the ccasting trade be ran
to feel the need of better class of yes
sels The high poop deck became a
thing of the past and half deck $50
called) of lighter construction than the
other parts was built over the main deck,
fr ON the stern to the mainmast, and
surrounded. by light but strong open
rail. Eventually these light decks were
extended to the top gallant forecastle,
thus making the vessel practically
dOubie-decked.
These Improvements had the effect to
spur up the inventive genius of the ship
builders and naval architects, and it
soon becams apparent In the many new
The Portland daily press., 1900-10-04

Messrs. Small, Maynard & Co, (Port-
land: Loring, Short & Harmony publish
The Middle Five, by Frances La Flesche.
One is attracted at once by the makeup
of the book, ana by the charming frontis-
piece in coIors by Angel de Cora, while
the contents is Certainly not d1sappoint-
ing. The pretty volume is dedicated "Tc
The Universal Boy" and is collection
of sketches giving the experience of the
author as pupil OF the Indian Mission
School established by the Presbyterian
church on the eastern boundary of the
Omaha Reservation.
Mr.. La Flesche's mother was a full
blooded Omaha, and his father was the
chief OF his tribe. The lad S fine traits
and scholarly cIeyerness attracted the at
tention of some prominent persons, and
Dung La Flesehe was given a govern
ment clerkship IN the Indian Bureau az
Washington, where he still remains,
having been frequently promoted. He is
also graduate of the University Law
School OF Washington, and has made
valuable contributions to ethnology,
being Fellow of the American Associa-
tion for the Advancement Of Science.
These facts have been gathered from an
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29
THE MARQUIS OF SALISBURY.
The Man Who Has Just Begun His Fourth Term as Pre-
mier of Great Britain.

mism; but he is none the less one of the
worlds great diplomats. He sharply
attacked DisraeH, it may be recalled,
when he first stepped on the stage of
public affairs and berated him unmerei-
fully, but the latter turned aside his at
tacks with his imperturbable good hui
NOR, and in the end the two worked to-
gether for the success of the empire.
When they came back from the congress
of Berlin in 1873, both were the recip-s
tents of high honors. They were given
the freedom of the city Of London and
afterward entertained at a grand ban
quet by the lord mayor. Salisbury was
invested with the order of the Garter,
and Beaconsfeld was virtually offered
whatever he would take.
Succeeding to the leadership Of the
house of lords after the death of Beac-
onsfeld, the Marquis of Salisbury be-
came the great conservative opponent
of Mr.. Gladstone, and when the latter
was compelled to resign, in 1885, he was
made premier for the first time. Again
in 1886 he became prime minister, alter
mating with Gladstone and continuing
in office till 1892, when the Grand Old
Man succeeded him a second time. The
elections of 1885 returned Salisbury
again to the premiership, in which he
has now been a fourth time confirmed
by the latest official proclamation.
Without the brilliancy of Disrae1i and
less of doctrinaire than Gladstone,
Salisbury has pursued in diplomacy a
middle course which has won him repu-
tation abroad and confidence at home.
He will probably retain the implicit
trust of the queen to the end, for she
regards him as a great bulwark of con
servatism against the flood of liberal
ism, and as people in their old age are
prone to follow in the ruts of custom
there is no likelihood of change while
these two hold the helm of empire
In personal appearance the marquis
is impressive, having a massive form
and an intellectual face, with manners
the perfection of kindly courtesy, as be-
comes one of his nlustrious birth. He
is genial as a host and charming in con-
versation, though his pessimistic
speeches and satirical style of oratory
have drawn upon him a comparison to
''Prometheus tortured by the Radical
yulture'' He can wen afford to retire
from public life, and it must be from a
strong sense OF duty or love of power
that he assumes again the thankless
task of guiding Britains destinies.
Hatfield House, Hertfordshire, the
Marquis of Salisbury's residence Che
sides which, however. he has 3 castle, q
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29

real center of population, which was
thought to be somewhere between Phil
adelpnia and Baltimore Mr.. Lee :
entered into a consideration of the
relative interests of the southern, mid
die and northern states There We're
then no western statesl and said: The
decision of the senate affords most IA
vorable opportunity to manifest that
magnanimfty of soul which shall en-
brace upon an extensive liberal system
the best interests of the great whole. This
cannot be done while the present situa-
ton of the seat of government of the
United States continues. Nations have
their passions as well as individuals d"
He then drew an alarming picture of
the consequences to be apprehended
from disunion, ambition and rivaIship
followed by a pleasing sketch of the
happy effects to be derived from a ma
tional, generous and equal attention to
the northern and southern interests.
''Will the gentlemen" said he, referring
to the bill for locating on Maryland and
Virginia soil, blast this prospect by re-
jecting the bill? / trust they will not
This excerpt from the transactions of
congress shows the temper displayed at
the time. When asked why a period of
ten years was to expire previous to re-
moving to Washington, he explained
that Tie reason was pidiu-I0e people
would not consent to have the govern
ment dragged to so remote a part of
the United States" One gentleman vot-
ed for Baltimore because this was 1.-The
farthest southern position the gentle
men from the eastward would probably
consent to- Mr.. Gerry (A1assachu-
setts) asked them to consider the bill
from national point of view. He ac-
knowledged that Philadelphia was I'M
doubtedly nearer the center of wealth
and population than New York, but the
Potomac was more uncentral than that
place at which we now sit' IPhiladel-
phia]. At the final reading in the
house. July 9, Mr.. Boudinot moved that
the Potomac should be struck out and
the Delaware inserted instead. This
was defeated. Mr.. Aman moved to
strike out Potomac and insert German
town; defeated. Mr.. Lawrence moved
to strike out Potomac and insert Balti-
more; defeated. Mr.. Smith moved to
strike out Potomac and insert between
the Potomac and the Susquehanna; de-
feated. And so it went, very much like
proceedings at a later date.
The local feeling is well illustrated
in a rhyning letter purporting to have
been written by a young lady OF New
York to a, female friend in Philadelphia
anent the removal of the seat Of gov
eminent:
Well, Nanny, I'm sorry to say, since you writ US,
The congress and court have determined to quit
us,
And for us, my dear Nanny, we're much in pet !
For hundreds of houses viii be up to let.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29
THE KINGS REVENGE.

A quaint little story is told Of the
late king of Italy and his dislike for
music. The king and Queen Margheri-
ia lived in such harmony that they
could afford to play small jokes upon
each other without fear of misunder-
standing OF late years the queen
found it necessary to wear glasses in
order to read, but the sight of them so
ANNOYED the king that he would say
whenever she was about to put them
on. .sMargherita, put down those glass
esl'
The queen did not obey on one occa-
sion. and the king exclaimed:
Marguerite, If you don't put down
those glasses instantly shall singi"
Now. as the king had not the slight
est ear for music and his wife had, this
threat proved efficacious. The glasses
were removed.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29

atives that the senate are ready to
meet them in their chamber for the pllr-
pose Of receiving the communications Of
the president of the United States.
The house of representatives having ac-
cordingly taken the seats assigned
them. the president of the United states
EJohn Adamsl came into the senate
chamber and addressed both houses of
congress as follows:
Gentlemen of the senase and gen
tlemen of the house Of Representatives:
Immediately after the adjournment of
congress at their last session in Phifa-
deIphia had directions, in compliance
with the laws. for the removal of the
public offices, records and property.
These directions have been executed,
and the public officials have since resid-
ed and conducted the ordinary business
Of the government in this place.
7 congratulate the people Of the
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29

gentlemen, on the prospect of a resi-
dence not to be changed. Although
there is cause to apprehend that accom-
modations are not now SO complete as
might be wished. yet there is great rea-
son to believe that this inconvenience
will cease with the present session It
would be unbecoming the representa-
tives of this nation to assemble for the
first time in this solemn temple with
out looking up to the Supreme Ruler of
the universe and inploring his blessing.
May this territory be the residence of
virtue and happiness. In this city may
that piety and virtue, that wisdom and
magnanimity, that constancy and self
government which adorned the great
character whose name it bears be for
ever held in veneration. Here and
throughout our country may simple
manners. pure morals and true religion
flourish forever
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29
/ THE CAPITOL nc AGO
FROM AN OLD ENG RAVlNG 4

istence of the United States as a polit-
ical entity dates from the second Con-
tinentaI congress, convened in Phila-
delphia, May TO, 1775, and in the name
of which and the Great Jehovah re-
doubtable Ethan Allen had summoned
the British garrison at Ticonderoga to
surrender.
The exigencfes of the Revolutionary
war and sometimes local jealousies
drove congress to locate at II different
places after that. In December, 1916, it
sat at Baltimore; March 4, 1777, it was
in Philadelphia, whence it was driven
by the British to Lancaster and York,
returning to the first named city in
July 1778. Discontinued soldiers who
had not received their pay offered con-
gress such affronts in the City of
Brotherly Love that the members in
dignantly withdrew to Princeton, N. J.,
in June. 1888. In November of that year
congress assembled at Annapolis, where
General Washington resigned his sword
as commander in chief of the army, and
a year I&ter it was in Trenton, N. ]. 1t
is interesting to note that during Wash
ington's two terms as president he re-
sided at New York and Philadelphia
and never officially in the city that aft
erward bore his name.
In January, 1885, we find congress as
sembled in New York. the first capital
of the country, and here in 1879 General
George Washington was inaugurated as
first president of the United States.
Congress adjourned in August, 1890,
and the seat of government was once
more removed to Philadelphia, where
it continued without interruption until
finally fixed at the new capital. the city
of Washington.
During the war period congress had
been from the necessities of the situa-
ton merely a revolutionary body, exist
ing only by sufferance of the different
states; but after 1889 the Continental
congress ceased to exist, and thence
forth legislation was conducted under
the constitution adopted that year.
There was a great deal of local feeling
over the establishment of a national
capital, as may be gathered from the
congressional record of July, 1890: "a
message from the senate informed the
house that they had passed a bill for es-
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29

- OBERT ARTHUR TALBOT
GASCOYNE CECIL, third mar
AZ @ quis of Salisbury, was-70 years
old on the Sd of last February
and is yet hale and vigorous. As off
ciaiiy announced. his queen and Sow
ereign has been pleased to appoint him
TOR the fourth time prime minister of
Great Britain and lord of the privy seal.
Neither Office carries a salary with it.
the first being honorary and the last
merely nominal, though Iegalizing Lord
Salisbury's position in the cabinet and
making his great services available in
an advisory capacity. Owing to the
state of his health, Salisbury no longer
retains the Office of secretary of state
for foreign affairs, which he has hith-
erto held in conjunction with the pre-
miership- This now devoives upon his
coadjutor, the Marquis of Lansdowne.
As secretary OF state for foreign af-
fairs Lord Salisbury drew an annual
salary of SIS, 900, but he can easily dis
pense with this emolument, as his in
come from private sources is estimated
al $25e,000 a year, and at his age retire
ment from public life would seem to be
more advantageous than public employ
ment.
But the Marquis of Salisbury comes
of a long line of statesmen who have
always held that their first allegiance
- ~ lA1G S1NCAGl5us Win the
founder of the house more than 300
years ago. the famous Lord Burleigh,
whose devotion to Queen Elizabeth re-
bounded to the glory of her reign. He
and his son, the first Lord Robert Cecil,
were contemporaries of those famous
courtiers. Leicester. Essex and Raleigh,
at least two of whom were rivals and
went to the block as the direct or indi-
rect result of their intrigues. Both
We're premiers, the first during the lat
ter years OF his life under Elizabeth,
and the son under Eliza beth and King
James So servieeable did the king find
Lord Robert. in fact, that ne called him
my little beagle" from his success in
ferreting out plots against his majesty.
It is no wonder that Queen Victoria
should bestow her confidence upon one
descended from an ancient aristocracy,
who is and always has been a. Tory of
the Tories, conservative and careful.
He early showed the traits of a states
man, but seemed to lack the wiles of
the politician, having a blunt manner
and a sharp tongue, which gave his re-
marks the stamp Of honesty. Recent
speeches Of his. especially several dur
ing the latter stages of the Boer war, bore
the aspect Of rseklessEass ana pessi-
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29
sixth congress, which opened on
the first Monday of this month

%HE second session of the Fifty
sixth congress, which opened on
the first Monday of this month
ana expires on the 4th of March,
1901, viii be notable, If for nothing else.
as COMMUNICATING the one hundredth
anniversary of that august body's sit
tings at Washington. As our national
centennials are becoming every year
more rare. and as this first assembiage
at Washington exercised an important
influence upon the country at large, it
behooves us to cast a backward glance
and review the beginnings Of our contin-
nous legislative life as q national entity.
It was in June. 1900. that the public
offices we're transferred from Philadel-
phia to Washington and opened there
on the 18th of that month, but it was
not until the 18th of November following
that, the little sloop with all the ma
tional archives on board having arrived
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29

house of Theobalds and proposed an ex-
change, which was promptly effected.
The ancient palace of Hatfield did not
suit Sir Robert, SO he erected the great
structure at present standing, which is
considered a noble residence even in
England. 1t is fine specimen of JAG
obean architecture, built of brick, in
shape a paralleIogram, with two ivy
clad projecting wings and a tower
above the central doorway, over which
are the Cecil arms carved in stone.
The exterior, magnificent as it is. gives
no adequate conception Of the treasures
of art and carved woodwork within
The walls of the great marble dining
room are paneled to height of ten
feet, with beautiful tapestries above
and a splendid woodwork screen at one
end, while the winter dining room is
adorned with numerous portraits of the
CeciIs on the wainscoted walls
Considerable resentment has been
manifested by true Britons at the man
ner in which the Marquis of Salisbury
has desecrated the ancient palace of
Hatfield built in the twelfth century.
It still stands, but is used as a stable
by its owner, and under its beautiful
ceiling of chestnut wood. supported on
cnriously carved ccTbels. the Salisbury
horses MUNICH their fodder where an
GENTLY kings and queens gathered for
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29

tablishing the permanent seat of gov
eminent of the United States, to which
they desired the concurrence of the
house. The bill was twice read and
committed. July 6 objection was made
to the bill because it was not known
whether the place. proposed was the
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29

seats of government of the United
States. Going back to the earliest time
at which separation from the mother
country was agitated, a colonial con-
gress met in New York in 1865. It was
in 1774 that the first Continental con-
gress met in Philadelphia, but the lex
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29

STA; that the first consul of France had
received our ENJOYS extraordinary and
ministers pIenipotentiary with. the re-
things of public moment at the time.
This first session of congress at
Washington was not by any means its
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29

, the prisoner of her amiabIe sister,
Bloody Mary who was much Of the
time in doubt whether to release her or
take of. her head.
But he must be a man sure of his po
sition and with unlimited wealth at his
command who can convert into a stable
a palace replete with traditions SO dear
to the English heart.
WALLACE WILCOXSON.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29

while King James I was the last mon
arch to choose Hatfield House as the
abode of royalty.
In 1850, when the Princess Elizabeth
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29

was II years old and eight years before
she was crowned as queen, she was
given the palace of Hatfield as a place
of residence In point of fact, she was
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29

revelry and feastings. Edward IT'S
second son. William of Hatfield, was
born here; King Henry VIII and Ed
ward VI successfully resided here,
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29

first assembling as body charged with
the making of national laws, for pre-
vious to that there had been several
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29

manor house, etc.). was built by Sir
Robert Cecil between the years 1907 and
1911. It seems that his sovereign, King
James I, coveted the little beagle's''
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29

He then went on to inform them that
been concluded with the king of Prus-
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29

Sycose is the new material used as a
substitute for sugar in diabetes. It's
sweetening power is $50 times greater
than sugar.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29
~ THE RATI@NAa GAPlI@l. 1900. =

in October, congress convened satur-
day. Nov. %. it was ordered that the
secretary notify the house of represent
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29
'.I.HAORERT

y OBERT ARTHUR TALBOT
GASCOYNE CECIL third mar
~ 10 quis Of Salisbury. was-7O years
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-12-29
THE CENTENARY OF
CONGRESS AT WASHINGTON.

.S9Ss9s3as9S9s9eSo SoSa3aS9SaSsSaSsSsSS
The true Democrat., 1900-03-24
Story of 4 Slave.

TO he bound hand and fOOtIby the
chain of disease is the worst form
Of slavery. Geo. ID. Williams, of
Manchesta, Mich, tells how such
slave wasSmfle free lIo says
Ny wife has bee - l.,lpie's for i've
yeas that she ccu'd not turn ever
in bed alone. After using two bot
ties Of Electric Bitters she is T0i''
.derfully improved and able to dt
her own work. This supreme rem
edy for female diseases quickly
cures nervousness, sleepleness, mel
ancholy, headache, backacl'e, FAINT
ing and dizzy spells: This miracle
working machine is a goisend Il
weak, sickIy, rnn down people. Ev
cry bottle guaranteed. Only SOC
Sold by all druggists.