davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
ArmOred Plate Trust.

New York. Feb. 17.-The Tribune Says
Charles M. Schwab, president of the
Carnegie Steel company, who was N this
city yesterday ~(F'riday) has recently re.
turned from Washington, where he went
ON business relating to an arrnor plate
trust. According to reports fifteen firms
of the world. practically monopcliz.ng
armor plate, have decided upon such a
combination to dictate terms to the Britt
ish government and Secretary Chandler
is reported as saying that Schwab adj
united the existence of such an agreement
1t is said that the price fixed upon by
the alleged combination for armored
plate is $545 a ton which many consider
excessive. Mr.. Schwab would not talk
about this, however.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
A OF L. D. PORTER,

Lewis d. Porter, one of the pioneers of
Montana and for many years a resident
of Madison county died in Butte last
evening of pneumonia after an illness of
only 48 hours. Mr.. Porter has been a
resident of Butte since last summer, he
having sold out his mining interests in
Madison county last August.
The deceased was one of the owners of
the Iron Rod mine near Silver Star, be-
ing a partner of the late Pat Largely and
Charles L.. Dahler. He was also interest
ed IN several mining properties near
Sheridan.
Mr.. Porter was about 81 years of age
and leaves a wife MI family to mourn
his loss. He was highly spoken of by his
frie nds and acquaintance as a gentleman
of the highest probaty in business trans
action and a warm friend.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
HEARING IN MATTER
OF PROVOST ESTATE,

Among the hearings had by Judge
Judge Lindsay this afternoon was that
OF the petition of Mrs. Charles Provost
for the revocation of the letters of adj
ADMINISTRATION on the estate of her dead
husband, which were issued to one
Samuel A. Hall shortly after Provost
died. The hearing bristled with sensa-
taonal features, for in her petition Mrs.
Provost charged Hall with having OBJ
tanned the appointment by reason of her
own misunderstanding as to what duties
devolVedf upon an administrator and in
giving her testimony she su%bstantiated
the allegations of her petition. She
claimed that Hall was a perfect stranger
to her and had been. suggested by DR..
h1ufln as the proper person to handle
the property left by her husband. Laurin
had presented Hall to her. ~-'"
She further testified that Hall told her
II she did not go to the court house and
sanctaon ms appointment he would make
her go. n said SHE had little or no
coincidence IN DIR. Laurin, and if Hairs
attorney told her she a the first right
to handle her husbands estate she knew
NOT what he meant. If she had known
unen what she knew now she would not
nave consented to the appointment Of
Hall. -
Asked by Judge Lindsay if she did not
knew, atzthe time of giving her testimony
W1ren Hall was appointed, the meaning
or the word Administrator" she an.
sWered that she did not,
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
In Application for Receiver for
Minnie Healy Mine.
OBJECTION OF CLIENTS
Attorney Walsh of Helena, Represent
ing Mrs. Kelly, and Miles Finlen
Files Answers.

Judge CLANCY attempted today to render
a decision in the matter of the application
OF f. Augustus Heinze for the appoint
ment of q receiver for and sale of the
Minnie Healey mine near Meaderville,
but met with an obstruction in the shape
Of an objection by Attorney Walsh of
Helena, who stated to the court that he
appeared in the case as the legal repre-
sentative of Caroline v. Kelly, one of the
heirs to the estate of John D. Airport,
which owns In interest in the mine, and
Miles Finlen. who also claims to W an
interest. Mr.. Walsh asked to be allowed
the privilege of presenting the objections
OF his clients to the court, accompanying
it with. a definition of his position and
that of Mrs. Kelly and Finlen.
The title of the action is F. A, Heinze
against Carl Kleinschmidt as admanis-
traitor of the estate of John D. Allport.
The hearing for the appointment of a re-
ce1Ver took place two or three weeks ago
and the judge then took the matter un-
der Amusement. At that hearing. how
ever, neither Finlen nor Mrs. Kelly were
represented and when they stepped in to.
DAY the judge decided to reopen the whole
matter and let Mrs. Kelly and Fin1sn
have their say.
This was followed by the filing of two
answers, one by F.,nlen and The other nv
Mrs. Kelly. ~
AT a late hour the hearing was still in
progress with no prospect of an imme-
diate finish.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
PERSONALS.

W I. Eastman, a we'll known young
man about town, is dangerously i'll OF
pneumonia.
Henry Mueller, president of the Cen
tennlal Brewing company, will leave to-
morrow night on his European trip.
w. +. Cobban, of the firm of Cobban,
Casey, Day Co., left last night for Sump-
ter. Oregon, where he is largely engaged
IN real estate operations. He will return
IN about ten days.
James Shesgreen in advance of the
Observation-Disclosures combination ar
rived in the city last n ,ght from the coast,
Mr.. Shsgreen is one of the most popular
men in the theatrical profession and is
quite here.
VIM. Parsons of the contracting firm
OF Winters, Parsons & Boomer will leave
Tomorrow for the coast. Mrs. Parsons.
whose health has been bad. for some time
will accompany him and w%ill.spend a few
months at Victoria, B.. c. for the bene-
ut of her health. Mr.. Parsons will re-
turn to Butte in a few weeks.
S. Robert Fair, the Park street drug
gist who appeared before the senatorial
investigating committee at Washington
d. c.. about 10 days ago, returned home
last night. feeling much improved in
health. Mr.. Fair says that things are
on the boom at the Capitol and hotel
keepers, saloonmen and hack owners are
making bushels of money since the in-
fux of Montana men to Washington be-
gan. Mr.. Fair declined to express an
opinion as to the outcome of the inves-
tigation now in progress.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
M0rmOnS Satisfied With Big
Horn Basin Country.
COLONY SCHEME IS A co
Apostle Woodruff and Party Returned
T0-day-Visited Buffalo
Bill.

Apostle Abraham O. Woodruff, at the
head Of a party Of representatives Of the
Mormon church, arrived in Butte today,
from the Big Horn country in northern
Wyoming. Mr.. Woodruff has been inves-
tigating the resources of that section,
with the, view Of establishing a large
Mormon colony there in the spring. He
arrived on the be1ated Northern Pacific,
and left for Salt Lake this afternoon.
He informed a reporter for the Inter
Mountain, that he was delighted with
eastern Montana and northern Wyoming,
Winch is peculiarly adapted for Mormon
husbandry. He said that he and his col
leagues would make a favorable report
to the higher officials of the Mormon
church. and that in all probability they
would decide to go ahead with the Big
Horn river colonizing scheme. His party
experienced considerable difficulty on ac-
count of the extremely cold weather en-
countered, and for several days were the
guests of Col. VIM. F. Cody, at Cody.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
DIVORCE GRANTED TO
ETHEL N. KENNEDY,

Ethel M. Kennedy was granted a de-
cree of divorce to-day from John F..
Kennedy and a given the custody Of
their infant child. The proofs were
heard by Judge Clancy. Mrs. Kennedy
stated that she and the defendant hal
been united in marriage in April of 1898.
and In August of the same veal thew
had conn to Montana. Two months
later he began to drink, she said, and ac-
companied 1t with acts of cruelty. He
nad returned nome drunk at various
times and pushed her out of bed, the re-
suit being that she had to sleep on the
floor.
Where is your husband at the present
timer" asked the judge.
He is in JAIL" was the response.
OF divorce from A.. G. Elerick on the al
legged ground of cruelty. They were
united in this city on March 20. 1898.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
NOTICE OF ASSESSMENT.

Combination Mining and Milling COM
pany, location of %principa, place Of bus!-
ness and works, Combination. Granite
county, Montana.
Combination. Feb. 2d, 1900.
Notice Is hereby given that at a special
meeting of the board Of directors or trus.
tees OF the Combination Mining and Mill
ing company, held at the office OF tho
company in the town of Combination.
county of Granite. state Of Montana. on
the first day of February, A. D.. 1900. an
assessment of ten QO) cents per share
was levied upon the capital stock of said
corporation. payable on or before satur-
day. March Sd. A. D. 1900, in awful
money of the United States. to Jesse 81.
Mel.or. secretary Of said company, at its
office in the city of st. Louis. Missouri. in
rom No. COS Security building, or to
Werner Ziegler. assistant secretary OF
SAID company, at Bl-Me,a4tc neal tntl-
ipsburg, Granite county Montana.
Any stock upon which this assessment
shall remain unpaid on the fifth day Of
March, A. d.. 1900, will be %de.;nquent and
advertised for sale at public auction, and
unless payment is made before, will be
sold on Saturday. the twenty-tourth day
OF March, A, u. 1900. at the tront door OF
the court house in the town OF Philips.
burg, Granite County. Montana, 10 pay
the delinquent assessment, together with
cost of advertising and expenses OF sale.
BY order Of the board of trustees.
JESSE B. MELLCR,
Secretary.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
NOTICE OF FORFEITURE.
To ]. w. Oberman, and yoar heirs a!
--r~

To J. w. oberman, and yoar heirs and
assigns:
You are hereby notified that I have cx-
pended the sum of one hundred dollars in
labor and improvements, Upon the Racks
arock lode inning claim. situate in the
Camp Creek mining district, Silver Bow
county, Montana, in order to hold the
said premises. to-wit: Fifty dollars dur
ing the year 1897 and fifty dollars durina
the year 1899, said work being annual
assessment work .nd being done under
section 1924 revised statutes of the United
States, and for the year ending Decem-
Der 3lst. 1899. and being your share there's
of.
And If within ninety days from the
service of this notice upon you Cor With
In ninety days after this notice by pupli-
~cation) you fail or refuse to contribute
you said proportion of the total amount
so expended NY me to-wit: Two hundred
dollars. your portion being the sum Of
one hundred dollars, aforesaid, as CO.
owner to the extent of one-half Of said
expenditure, your interest in said claim
will become the property of the SUBJ
scrib:r your under said sec.
ton 1924 revised statutes Of the United
States.
WALLACE NJ. L. DERNIE.
Dated at Butte. Mont. January 10. 1900.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
NO MONTANA /

Montana will have no mineral exhibit
at the Paris exposition. One of the great
features of the United States at the ex-
hibition will be The collective exh1b ts
of systematic mineralogy and metallurgv,
the collection of which has baen commit
ted to representatives of five leading ed
ucat.onal institutions. The names of the
institutions and the minerafogists rem
r~esenting them were published in the last
issue OF the engineering and Mining
Journal, but there is not the name of a
Montana man among the list.
Some months g a gentleman visited
Butte in the interest of a Montana ex-
hibit but received little encouragement.
SO that it is likely the state that leads
in the production of the precious metals
will be unrepresented at the big fair.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
Transport Sherman Sails.

San Francisco, Feb. 1.-THE transport
sherman will sail at noon to-day with
$500 tons of cargo and IFS recruits be-
sides a number of cabin passengers. As
soon as she is out of the way the hos
pital ship Missouri will be docked at the
transport wharf to prepare for sea. Cap
tain Dillon, master Of the Missouri, has
asked for a survey on his vessel and
Major w. II. Arthur, the surgeon who
has commanded her since she entered
the service. has been released from duty
on her. The transport Indiana is sched-
uled to sail on next Saturday with freight
for Manila.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
SUICIDE OF PAUL G

Paul +. Dogge, a young man we'll
RnoWn IN Montana, and the son of DR..
o. H: Dogge. who formerly practiced
in Butte, committed suicide in
Chlcago, Thursday evening by jumpiny
from a Northwestern viaduct into the
Chicago river.
DR.. A. c. Dogge, of this city, a brother
OF the unfortunate young man, received
a telegram yesterday containing the sad
Paul Dogge was a very
young man, and lac been in
poor health for some time. DR.. Dogge
Is of the opinion that the rash deed was
the result Of an attack of melancholia.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
BRIEFS

Fisher. Tailor, 10 8. Main street. .
DR.. Reed. Dentist, IFS North Main. .
Orion Bros. pianos and organs 21s N,
Main.
J. q. Bates. tuner. Montana Music
company. Tel. 504.
French Masque ball at Renshaw hall
Feb. 18th. No unmaskins.
Will trade labor of any kind for Butte
property. 80 West Granite.
Try Philadelphia Famous Scrapple sold
at all grocery stores and markets
8. M. Wade has moved to 36 North
Main. Room 6, Real Estate and money ia
loan.
Chemicals and assayers' supplies. Fair
Drug and Assay Supply company, liz
East Park street. .
The Union club will give their next
party at the McDermott hotel nex1
Thursday evening.
Butte Stove Repair for AZ.
lures and Home Comfort ranges. Phone
52s. ZIG e. Par
Remember the old soldiers of 1861 mill
AIRY Dall FEB. ", Miners Union hall.
Admission 5Oc. Ladies free.
New brand of Fresh oysters, some-
thing new. Served only at Sherman's
Cafe.
Try a meal without meat at the Battle
Creek Sa%nitarium Health-food Restau-
rant, Sc East Broadway.
Geo. r: Milburn was admitted to prac-
tice in the United States court TODAY on
motion of Henri ]. Burleigh.
Office of Macdonald & Lynch, removed
from No. 81 East PARK street to D.. Gold
berg ticket office, No. 81 North Main. .
Lewis D. Porter aged 81 years, died last
evening after a short illness Of pneu-
monia. The funeral will take place to-
morrow at 2:30 p. m. from Richards un-
tertaking rooms.
Yearly subscribers can now call at The
Inter Mountain Office for their books as
our first thousand Dictionaries and Book
Of Health, has arrived. The Hill Educa.
ton will arrive In a few days. "
We have a whisky made by William
Patterson, Jr., of Louisville, KY. in 1892.
It's not advertised as thoroughly as
some brands, but is perfect in strength.
flavor and purity. 81 q gallon. Montana
Liquor Co.
The weather wizard at Chicago has
sent out predictions to-day to the effect
that tomorrow will be fair and warm
and that the Indications are favorable
weather. Many of the old-timers, how
ever, would prefer the extreme cold
weather to the weather furnished to-day,
which they consider good pneumonia
weather.
The first foal Of Hamburg's get was
dropped by The Task Saturday night,
says he Hamilton Democrat. It is a fine
racy looking ally, built upon the same
lines and bearing all the marks of her i'll
lustrious SIRE Belle of Butte also drop
ped a beautiful colt sired by Bathampton.
Ihoroughbreds and %trotters will now be
coming thick and fast for the next two
months.
Information has been received in Butte
OF the death of Mrs: J.. P. Lantheaume Of
! Butte. which occurred Feb. IL, in San
Francisco. Mrs. Lantheaume's son was
employed for several years as manager
of the brickyards south of the city. Mrs.
j. G. Hammer of Butte, a daughter Of
the deceased, was with her mother when
she died. The deceased leaves five mar
ried daughters and one son. The body
will be inferred in Virginia City.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
ADDITIONAL SOCIETY.

Despite the intense cold of last Tuesday
evening, the parlors of Mrs. j. P. Cut
ting's residence IN Copper street were
we'll filled with the members of 1.-The West
Side Shakespeare Club" The last act Of
King Henry ", was read, followed by
quotations from the lesson. A very ex-
ce1lent paper ON 1.-The Principal Charac-
tiers of the Play" by Mrs. P. w. Shelby,
brought forth an animated discussion.
Mrs. Fenton of ''The Woman's Club.' was
a welcome guest of the club. The next
meeting will be with Mrs. B. M. Lindsay
on Copper street.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
Department OF Alaska.

San Francisco, Feb. 17.-Maj. Gen. Shat
ter has received official word that the
territory of Alaska is no longer a part Of
the California department, and therefore
would no longer be nder his command.
1t is expected to reinforce the garrrisons
in Alaska and make it a separate de-
partment, where under the present condi-
tons the commanding officer would have
entire charge of affairs. ,
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17

land, Ore. The trip is taken with the
object of looking over the business situ-
alton here and preparing the way for the
establishment of an agency of the Ills
nois Central in this city. While on the
way Mr.. Harahan established agencies
at Salt Lake. Denver and Portland and
will in all probability, establish one in
this city and another in Los Angeles. !,
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17

r: Forestell will defend Koski and Mar
lila, J. r. Grice will look after the in
terests of Tabane, and Mackel & Breen
VIII see to it thai Matt Mattson gets a
soou run. Erickson pleaded not guilty
and the Others will make their Mo. after
the court disposes of the demurrers.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17

now ana never has been a partner with
amy OF the persons mentioned as compris-
tng said firm. He says that he has a large
number of debts owing to him from per-
sons around Butte and unless he is al
lowed to collect the same many Of them
will leave the Jurisdiction of this court.
For this reason he asked that the re-
straining order be dissolved.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
STABBERS FILE DEMURkERS.

In the case of the state against Matt
Mattson, Gus Erickson Tabane, John
K0ski and Matt Martha, charged with
the murder of George Ryan. three of the
Department. No. 2 today. Each OF the
prisoners is to a a separate trial. l..
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
no THE PUBLIC.

Watch mex Mondays issue of the Inter
Mountain for a full account of Rew.s
ventilating arrangement. It's a great
invention to protect your health, break
the COLI drafts from an open window
and still gives you pure air. Gilbert Fl.
Rev, son of Richard the %patentee, has
opened an ofiica at 20 East Granite street,
where he will manufacture and place on
sale the wonderful invention.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
Sampson Declined Il.

Boston, Feb. 17.-Rear Admiral Samp-
son has been offered and declined the
presidency of the Massachusetts institute
of technology. The offer was a sur
prise, as ii was thought that the ques-
ton of asuccessor to President James NJ.
Craft. who retired in June, had been laid
aside to await the action of the trustees.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
C0LBY'S CONDITION
is PRECARIOuS,

The condition of Edward F. Colby, who
was stabbed Thursday evening by Harry
Peters, was much worse to-day. He is
suffering intensely, and opiates were adj
mlnlstered. He has a fighting chance
to recover and his friends have not vet
given up hope.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
To Establish an Agency.

San Francisco, Feb. 17.-John T. Hara-
ham. vice-president of the Illinois Gen.
trail, accompanied by A.. H. Hanson, gen.
eral passenger agent and w. C. Mark
ham. assistant traffic manager of the
same road, arrived in the city from Port
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17

The settlement of the bill Of excep-
t1ons in the great suit between the Mon
tana ore Purchasing company and the
boston 4 Montana company was to have
neen made today, but a hitch occurred in
the preliminaries and Judge CLANCY CON
tinued 1t until 2 o'clock next Saturday.
remarking as he did so that a night SEES
sion would be h held if necessary.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
Want Duty Repealed.

San Francisco, Feb. 17.-The loca' leath.
err men, through a committee appointed
at a recent meeting, have forwarded a.
resolution to the California delegation in
congress asking for a repeal of the duty
OF 10 per cent on hides and for the res
of hides to the free list.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
EiLKS NOTICE.

Regular meeting of Silver Bow Lodge.
No. 240 B. p. O Elks tonight at Miners
Union hall 8:15 p. m. Initiatory ce-e-
monies. All sojourning Elks are cordially
invited to be present.
C. N. GASMAN, Secty.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
X. p. BALL,

The Thirty-sixth annual ball Of the
Knights of Pythias viii be held at Rem
shaw hall, Monday evening, Feb. 18th.
Admission for lady ard gentlemen; 81 90.
Excellent music has bsen engaged for tn :
occasion and a grand good time is ex-
peooed.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
COURT NOTES..

Proofs were heard by Judge Clancy to-
day in the foreclosure suit of r. NJ.
Cobban against Thomas Coughlin ct AL,
ana the prayer of the plaintiff granted.
An attorneys fee of 800 was allowed.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
CLERKS MASS MEETING.

A mass meeting will be held tomorrow
Afternoon at 2:30 in the Grand Ope. a
house under the auspices of the Butte
Clerks Protective Union, No. IL, in behalf
of the early closing movement. Addresses
a musical programme are promised.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
NOTICE TO THE PUBLIC.

To whom it may concsrn: Notice is here
by given that members Of Union 112 Car
penters & Joiners" Of America, will do no
work with unfair plumbers after Feb. /,
1900. A. F.. ROSSLOW,
Rec. Secretary.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17

Military ball given by the Grand Army
Of the Republic and Woman's Relief
Corps, Miners Uniorl Hall, Feb. %. Don't
forget the Old soldiers of 1861. Admission
SO cents. The Committee.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17

Lost on Washington street. between
Granite n Catholic church last SUM-
day. one bead in a case with Mrs. Thorn
as Fletcher's name on it, return to 30S
West Granite and get reward.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17
U, S. COURT NOTES.

At THE hearing Of the Heinze-Harris
matter before Judge Knowles yesterday,
the court instructed the attorneys to pre-
sent revised statements of the differences
in their respective accounts in the mat
ter OF operating the Snohomish and Tram
way fines, and he would pass upon them
Monday morning.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17

The Regal Mandolin and Guitar Club
was very pleasantly entertained by Miss
Esther Mieklejohn at her home, We'd
nesday evening, at a Valentine Social. A
short musical programme was rendered
by members of the club after which val
entfnes were distributed among the mem
bers and considerable amusement was
caused by them. Games were then play
ed until 1880 when a very dainty lunch
was served. Among those present were
Prof. and Mrs. Halle, Dr.. and Mrs.
Chevlgne, Mr.. and Mrs. David Miekle-
john, Mrs. Spencer, Miss Brebner, Miss
Lewis, S. Lewis. G. MOZART, f. K. Cox.
Mr.. La More and Archie Mieklepohn.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1900-02-17

Judge Mediation representing Fred A.
Bartlett and j. c. English assistant Unit
ed States attorney, yesterday afternoon
made arguments before Judge Knowles
upon h demurrer to the indictment
charging Bartlett with perjury. The
grounds upon which the demurrer is bas-
ed are that two count of the indictment
do not state facts sufficient to constitute
a public o~ffense; that the said counts do
not charge Bartlett with having knowing
ly or fraudently making a fa'se oath.
Judge Knowles took the matter under ad-
yisement.