davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-09-29

E3faaaaSy Where DO th0sN 4oo3sg Oolno 1hoaA @
"a press bulletin OF the rnont En-
pertinent station says: One field On
the experiment station farm has been
moved ntinuonsly for some TWEEN
" years The were, Of course many
weeds upon 1t, lbnss ne kale. II vas
plowed and seeded with. clean oata
but early in July one would have
thought at first sight that y had been
sown with pure kale seed instead,
y Where does ths kale come from? This
question IS often asked BY the farmer
when perplexed by developments Sim
liar to the above. Such experiences
as these have made many believe in
pontaneo3is generate ion at least as
concerns weeds. {. '.s. Nj vi: =
But when asked 70 explain it our
experiment station botanist shakes
the head and says that every kale
pant lgE1t grows from kale seed. No
seed, no plant. Seeds OF many plants
may lie dormant in the ground for
years-es pecially il Isl buried rather
deeply. DR. Beal Of the Michigan ex-
pertinent station has made an inter
#esting test Of the matter. In 1879 he
mixed seeds Of various kinds in damp
sand, placed the mixture I'm bottles
and buried the bottles twenty inches
beneath the surface in sandy soil. At
the end, Of five years, at the end of ten
years, at the end of fifteen years, and
finally In 1899 at the end OF twenty
years he dug up some. OF these bottles
and tested the vfaiDiiiiiitty Of the seeds.
OF the twenty two kinds Of seed bur
led, eleven. or just one half, failed to
grow. J: :s#.. i: y.s.5 !; II q 81
Some of the others terminated as
follows: black mustard 18 per cent,
peppergrass AZ per cent, shepherd
purse 4S per cent, purslane Ia per cent,
MULLEN 80 per cent. No true kale
seed was used in the experiment, but
the black mustard is SO closely relat-
ed that it probably represents what
will occur with kale. The eradication
of kale hinges then upon destroying it
before it seeds. This is easily done
in hoed crops, Of course, but how can
it4be done in grain fields other than
by hand pulling. Recent trials in Eu-
rope suggest that it is possible to de-
stroy kale and similar weeds by spray
ing the field with a, solution of blue
vitriol Copper sulphate) in water
which may be SO weak as not to in
jure the grain. The tests have beer
repeated at some of the experiment
stations in this country and it ha:
been found that solutions of from
to 8 per cent q pound in 4 to u gal
lons) may be used and it applied as {
fine spray 40 gallons to an acre will
destroy the kale, with little or no in
jury to the grain, The spraying shoult
be done when the plants are young
While its practicability is not fully es
tabllshed it is at least worthy of furth
:er trial. go. Z. ~ = 49,
-
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-09-29
Breeding for woog.


Duiiettn 10 OIL tue m N, Expert
lent zoeation says says: ne present ten"
uenoy - tne WOO market al'lA's points 20
en'luue ' act1ve uenana Tor hne
= .A ne Merano alone
4 pfouuces.. Micnlgan mas tong since
proven g. ner sadlaptaD1l1ty to the Mer1no.
Inc M 81 = q was brought to Michigan
probably as early at 1928, and from
mat Time until the beginning Of the
depression In the wool industry the
Michigan Mich, Mer1no was well and favor
ably known all over the world. The
successful sue breeding OF Merin0 sheep is
therefore assured; and il the adapt
ability OF the Merino to Mich1gan's
conditions is proven, and no one will
deny it, then successful wool growing
In Michigan cannot be questioned. We
speak OF the Merino. more particular
~. IN connection 'l'lr with the wool In
.l1ud sEr because the Merino has always
been recognized as the standard wool
sheep OF the world. The Merino has
been bred and fed for the production Of
quantity and quality Of fleece for gem
erations.
A = & lE ~ {.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-09-29
FARM AND GA DEN.
TEHS OF INTEREST 10.
A0RICULTlJRISTS.
] eoins Up-to-DAts Hints About Cul-
tisation Of the Soil and Yields
thereof Hortioulture, viticulturs and
Florlcnlturs.
horticultural ObssrvAttous.

Horticultural Obssrvatto
Illinois horticul turists are delighted
4 ct the success Of the Illinois apple ex-
slhibit at the Paris exposit ton, where it
obtained first prize The varieties Of
apples exhibited were Ben Davis,
Grimes Golden, h Jonathan, Salome,
STARK, Willow Twig, and Winesap.
The principal exhibitors from Illinois
We're s. G. Soverhill. II. NJ. Dunlap,
Arthur Bryant, Fred Shaw, +. 5.
Phoenix, J.. r. Bryant and =. F. DIM
tleman. This award Is said to be the
fourth successive first prize won at
Paris by memb ers Of the Illinois state
lIiorti cultural Society. Illinois has
great possibilities as an apple grow
ing state, and is likely to catch good
oeal Ct the future foreign trade in
apples. $50 -. - 0
a note is going the rounds Of the
press to the effect that Russia has a
forest area in Europe alone Of about
50e O0O, 900 acres. This is said to be
one-third Of the European-R Russia
area. It is likely that these forests
,, %.s ee preserved, as Russia will take
to heart tkss LESSONS that the other
european countries have learned by
I experience. The destruction Of forests
in several European countries has re-
suited in rendering the land untillable,
especially on the mountain sides
where the soil is exposed to the action
of torrential rains. + In the United
States there is a growing sentiment in
favor Of preserving the forests we
have. In time wise legislation Will
place laws on our statute books that
7 will at least protect the public for
ests. T. r. - .., ,@s. -. ..s r.
The strawberry crop this year is re-
ported to have been quite remunera-
tive, due largely to the fact that there
was not a large surplus to force down
prices. The prices in some sections
were kept up by canning factories
I taking large quantities Of berries. This
is strong point in the disposal OF
any crop. It is the surplus that de-
smoralizes the market. We do not be-
lieve in making people pay high pri'
!. ces, but We do believe in the producers
Of berries or any other crop getting
out of their product the cost Of rails
ing plus fair remuneration for CAPT
: tai invested as well as pay for per
sona services. There are many case:
where fruit goes to market and sell:
at less than cost Of producing and mar
keting. In time our fruit growers will
learn to combine to the extent of pro
Viding for the disposal Of surplus sup
plies by means Of canning factories d
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-09-29

"A report of the Michigan state
Board Of Agriculture says: ..The vari-
t.eties of strawberries that have been
reported as being most profitable are,
in their order, the Wardeld, Wilson,
Bubach, Haverland, Crescent, BESSIE,
Parker, Earle and Candy. Among the
varieties that have proved profitable,
but which are not so commonly grown,
will be found the Brandywiue, Beder-
wood, Clyde, Greenyille and Mar
shall" We call attention to the fact
that the SECOND on the list is our old
friend the Wilson, which was declared
to have run out ten years ago. 1t is
one of our oldest varieties, probably
the Oldest in this list yet lit ranks
ahead of most of the newer varieties
The popular theory that varieties run
out does hot find much encouragement
in this case. Under proper methods
of culture and propagation, the Wilson
is probably today as good berry as
it ever was. - $5@s
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-09-29
Cows on the.Ear,n


son engaged in farming should keep
from tWosto six cows. They should be-
as near pure-bred Shorthorn, .Herefora
or Polled-Angus stock as possible, and
they should always be bred to regis
tered bull. We let our calves suck the
cows, allowing them to take about
two-thirds Of the milk from their
mothers twice "a day, morning and
evening, until they are five or six
months old. We give them the run Of
the grass lot at the same time. We
have our cows come fresh about March
or April and aim to keep them milking
ten or eleven months, thinking it
better for the cows and the calves
they carry, that the cows be allowed
to go dry for about two months. 4 In
the spring we feed our cows fodder in
boxes placed in the barn lot. s The
feeding is done in the day time Dur
ing bad days and always at night we
|stie the cows in the barn in their stalls
and feed them clover. hay with about
ten: ears of corn each. If our corn is
dry and hard, we grind it cob and all
and feed the meal with about one-third
the bulk Of wheat, bran mixed with it.
We give our cows at all times the run
of blue grass pasture, and when the
grass gets good and plentiful we
shorten up on the meal and hay. We
SOW patch of corn to feed in August
and Septem Der, while the pastures are
dried up. We put our ground in or
der for this patch Of feed just the same
as if we were going to SOW wheat or
oats. We sow it with the wheat drill,
the same as we sow oats. It makes
more and better feed to the acre than
anything else we have tried. We cut
and feed it as needed. AS the stalks
are small the cows eat 1t with a relish.
To get the best results from your
cows and calves they should never be
permitted to go hungry.-S. Garinger.
Fayette County. Ohio. S rs.
Broom-Corn Millets. These are de-
rived from Panicum milaceum. This
species has been cultivated for
centuries in Europe, where B it is
the Common Millet.'' = It is not
extensively grown In the United States
but is offered in the trade under the
name Of Broom Millet and Hog
Millet. The seeds are borne IN loose.
dropping c1sters, the branches Of the
cluster being long and slender, some
what resembling the seed cluster sc
Broom-corn whence the name. The
seeds are from white to yellow and
dark red. and like the preceding sorts
are fiat on one side and convex on the
other and resemble the Barnyard Mil
let in size and absence OF wrinkles.
According to the Mark Lane Ex-
press the average yields Of wheat
for the principal countries Of tha
world are: United II Kingdom, 32.75
bushels; Germany, % bushels; Can
ada, Is bushels; Ronmania, II bush
els; Austria Hungary, 1913 bushels:
United States, 81 $50 bushels; Russia.
10 bushels; Indi 80 bushels. AUS
tralasia, /. 36 bushels.
Promising men are so numerous
that it's 2 great pleasure to meet &.
gE man who has aetna Ivy done someth ting.
So Every one IS III ious enough st tines
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-09-29
Grass.

T., H
NEXT in Importance to the divine
profusion of water, light, and air,
those three great physical facts which
render existence possible, may: be
reckoned the universal benefcence of
grass. Exaggerated by tropical heats
and vapors to the gigantic cane con-
gested with its saccharine secretion,
or dwarfed by polar rigors to the
fibrous hair of northern solitudes, en,-
bracing between these extremes the
maize with its resolute pennons. the
rice plant Of southern swamps, the
wheat, rye, barley, oats, and other,
cereals, no less than the hum bier. YER
'dure of hillside. pasture and prairie
in the temperate zone, grass is the
most widely distributed of all vege.
table beings.-J.J J. Ingalls,. - : ~.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-09-29

length Of staple arc most desirable ioi
man iacturing purposes. eonsequent-
s.. &c we wish 70 produce woods most
desirable sol. the manufacturer we
must not eros tndiscr iminatel We
can 1Isa Tor tic <oundation stock 81
dock grade OF native sssgess and sny sy q
Stematic grading up with come sli dennlte
breed OF sheep we can produce; g m llIr
even grade Of wool throughout tns
fleece. = n - 4 4, IN
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-09-29

is quite nutritious, and three 5or tour
cuttings can be made IN a seasp. It
is not well adapted for pasture, as
close grazing kills it. To start the
grass grass, =. It is usual to plant short pieces
zof the roots about two feet apart each
way. The seeds are more uncertain.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-09-29
ia. IR, I 4 D POULTRY Y
INTERESTING CHAPTERS roR
OUR RURAL READERS.

Discussion 81 MIX and Cream.

Discussion on MILK and Cream.
Condensed from Farmers Review
@stenographic Report !. $5
AT the last Wisconsin Round up IN
stitute the following discussion took
place: 's.s. s.:ss ~
Prot. Smith The fact Is that there
Is 20 animal odor in milk WheI It.
comes from the COW. It is put in by
the 81 mixer q We have MIXED cows and.
set the milk at once, and when it vas
opened after twenty four hours there
was no 9odor about it. It can set for at
least ten days and still have no odor.
MT. drich-I cannot agree with
ProI. Smith in his conclusion that
there IS no animal odor in milk in its
pure state as it comes from the cow.
q short time ago heard another pro-
lessor talk on this subject. He. said
that there are in the body Of every ami
NAL certain eliminating organs whose
WORK is to eliminate certain gases,
. and that the udder has some Of these
organs, which eliminate these gases
from the body and pass them into the
! slle. 5,ss I: s:s /. ss.s SIS. 81.
E Prof. Farrington--I think there is a
difference between aerated and I'M
aerated milk that we do not under
stand. s., 4 '..6,.-: - 49,. !:
Q-Does aerating milk improve It
for cheese making and butter making?
Prof. Farrington-Yes sir. %4~ss
Mr.. Noyes-Yes, sir.
Mr.. Goodrich doesn't that set
tie, It, then, that cheese factories and
creamerles should require patrons to
aerate the milk? +.
Q.-Does not aerated milk give
better test and more accurate test?
Prof. Farrington-Yes, sir; I think
that we would get a better test unless
the person that makes the test is care
full to thoroughly mix the milk befor !.
taking the sample. ="
| Q.-What is the cause Of crear.t hut
tering in the process of bein e mad,
into ice cream? I supply cream to al
ice cream maker in the city, and hay,
had it butter when it tes.ced 27 per cen
fat. =
Prof. Farrington-There are tw'
things, either of which may cause it
one is the temperature and the other il
1 the thickness of the cream. Beside.
/ that, the cream may be exposed to ex
cessiyes Earring in transportation. j.
H. Mr.. Lomar-I> have been supplying
cream to a restaurant for three years
and / think that the trouble with Mi
Taylor's cream is due to the man tina
makes the ice cream. The tempera
@ture Of the cream is too high at tn,
time it is put into the freezer, and til.
II fre<ana1- was rum too fast The beatin;
OF the cream produced butter before 4
got down to the freezing point. II
| = %.:a Poultry Briefs.
The Bureau Of Labor Sfaticticc cove
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-09-29
Pasturine Cows.

| To the Farmers Review: I have a.
fine pasture OF about sixty acres. It.
| borders on small lake containing
good, pure water and having a sandy
shore. Thirty acres is in timothy,
the rest is low marsh land which pro-
duces good pasture in dry time, such
as we have had during May and June.
After harvest the cows are turned into,
the grain fields, where they feed until
fall always yard my COWS at night.
s I think it is better than turning into
the pasture. II. stauffer, Kandiyohi
County, Minnesota. Sas= s
The milk inspection laws in the diff
ferent5 states are gradually getting into,
active operation. It is time. The con-
ditions in the large cities where there.
have been no inspection laws are very
bad. Even in New y rk the enforce
ment of the laws has been so slack that.
the milkmen had fallen into the habit
Of thinking they could do as they
pleased. But recently the inspectors
renewed their activity and good
many milkmen were caught with badly.
adulterated milk. It is encouraging,
however, to note that the majority had
milk that came up to the standard re-
quired b. the city laws. One morning
eight inspectors rounded up all the
milk that came in over the Erie Rail
road. Some Of the dealers evidently
knew their milk to be dulterated, as
they tried to drive away before the
inspectors could stop them. But they
ran into the arms Of policemen that
had been stationed near by for that
purpose. In every case where the.
men tried to drive away their milk was
found to be adult rated, which is proof
that they knew what kind sof stuff they
we're handling. It is reported that as
soon as the mi kmen got news of the
inspe lection they stopped considerable.
quantities OF milk that had not been
brought across from Jersey City, as
that was outside Of the jnrisdictio Of
the New York inspecto tors. It is be-.
lieved that the adulterations in New
York have been worse since the begin
ming OF the present drouth. the milk
men trying to offset short supplies by
adding water. The inspections may
therefore be expected TO be very close
from now on and also New Fork city
will find itself dec1de dly short IN It's
mil supply
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-09-29
A Place for the Goat.

49, "A Place FOR the Goat. "---
On a good many of our farms there
is place for the goat. Sheep will
eat a large number of weeds and are
very serviceable in that regard, but
the goat carries the same idea to a Tar
greater length. Sheep are grazers pri-
marily and browsers incidentally. But
goats and browsers by nature. They
will live and flourish where even a
sheep will grow thin. Kinds OF feed
that would send the sheep into the
sick list will support the, goat and
make him fat. A writer on goats says
that they will pass by cultivated
grasses to get at burdocks, MULLEN
and thistles The bushes that are con-
stantly springing UP on our waste hill
sides might be kept down by goats.
There is no doubt that a million or SO
OF goats could be distributed among
our farms without in anyway inter-
fering with the stock now being kept.
a Rubber Producing Shrub The
rubber substitute discovered by an
Italian IN Central America is obs
tanned from a shrub called Yule and
other names by the Indians and bot
anically known as synathereoeas-
Mexicanas. This shrub grows rapid
zly and abtnd dainty, reaches height
of about three feet, and may be easily
cultivated. While it does not yield
a milky juice, pounding and macera-
ton in naphtha or other hydrocar-
bon solvent extract gum amounting to
as much as 90 per cent OF the plants
weight. This gum hardens only to q
viscid, sticky mass that has the yalua-
Bile properties Of rubber, may be yul-
canized perfectly sand Us superior to
most rubber IN It's freedom from
mechanical impurit ties. The plant
may be treated either 10 green or 4
dry state. AS prepared, the gum con-
tains q residual portion Of the solvent
and the compo sition hailed as he
twentieth century gum, & IS claimed I'd
offer a saving II the cost Of reproduc-
ing the plant. II expectation, in puff
tying materials IN fuel, IA machinery,
and ia time.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-09-29
Sheep as Fertility Conservers

Bulletin 81 of the West Virginia Ex-
pertinent station says: A large pro-
portion of the lambs which are raised
In West Virginia for the production
OF mutton, are marketed in the fall,
and although this is undoubtedly the
simplest way of disposing Of the sur
plus lambs, yet this practice possesses
some serious defects, fo- when animals
OF any kind are constantly being sold
from farm, with now and then some
hay or grain, the fertility Of the soil
is continually carried away, and unless
commercial fertilizers are employed to
supply the deficiency Of potash and
phosphoric acid, the productiveness Of
the land must constantly diminish.
On the+-other hand, if these lambs
can be probably, fattened during the
winter, they may be made to consume
the clover hay, or other coarse fodder
Of the farm which has only small
commercial value. Also the farmer is
enabled to feed his grain at home in
stead Of being obliged to. draw it sew,
eral miles to the railroad station. In
addition to the grain which is raised;
upon the farm. some Of the concen-
trated feeding stuffs, such as cotton
seed meal, linseed meal, or wheat bran
can generally be used to advantage in
the fattening ration, and as each of
these materials contains a large guam
tity OF nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and.
potash, which is recovered in the ma
nure, it is seen that when the policy
Of feeding the lambs during the win;
ter is intelligently carried out, that
the land will gradually become richer.
instead Of poorer, because more fer
tility will be added by the manure
than is carried away by the lamb crop.
Pearl Millet (Pennisetum spicatum
or P. typhoid eum) - Extensively culti-
waited in Africa for the seed, which is
used for food, and occasionally ii the
southern United States, where it 4 is
used for fodder. Plants tall and stout.
the seeds born in a dense cylindrical
cluster, but without the bristles char
sacteristic Of the foxtai mil lets.
Pod corn IS d supposed to be the
original type OF Indian corn. In this.
variety each kernel is covered with a
husk, while the whole ear is covered
with another husk. his gives the
kernels double protection.
The board Of health 81 Hoboken, m
has passed an ord nance requiring
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-09-29

The board Of health 81 Hoboken, N.
has passed an ordinance requiring
people who keep growing cocks Is their
back yards e pay 81 license for eac
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-09-29

Pod corn IS supposed to be the
original type Of Indian corn. IN this
variety each kernel Is covered with a
Shusk, while the whole ear is covered.
with another husk. his gives the
kernels double protection.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-09-29

There's no gain without pain.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-09-29
Poultry Briefs.

| = .:..ars+$ Poultry Briefs. .,5,
The Bureau of Labor Statistics SAYS
that last year 106,9ss,710 pounds of
live and dressed poultry were shipped
from the LA counties of Missouri, This
sum Is an increase over the preceding
year Of 36,s07,443 pounds The total
number OF dozens Of eggs shipped last
year was 34,875, 040, and the aggregate
value received by producers of poultry
and eggs was $12,091, 04S.54.
It is reported that Canada is send
ing large quantities of poultry to the
United States. Last year between 81
oo0 and 10000 live geese were shipped
to the feeding yards of one poultry
man in Massachusetts,. There have
been seen at Sabrevois. in the prov
lnce Of Quebec. as many as 1850 live
geese and 5000 live ducks at one time,
and it takes lbs bushels of grain a day
to feed them. The firm of S. H. Jones,
az Sabrevois, has had at one time as
many as 25,000 geese and Is 1000 ducks.
Some American. firms make most of
their purchases in the townships of
the Province Of Quebec, New Bruins
wick and Prince Edward Island.
Few realize the aggregate value OF.
our poultry industry. Statistics on
this point are Of very little value.
Fowls are kept not only on the more
than 100000 farms Of the United
States but also nv millions NJ norcnns
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-09-29

Promising men are so numerous
that tbs 2 great pleasure to meet 8
man who has actual done sonnet hire
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-09-29

S.. Every one Is III ious enough st tine,s,
20 beS rpmanti e.