davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Independent. [volume] (Honolulu, H.I.) 1895-1905, 1900-07-07

The merchants and the taxpayers
generally regret the resignation Of
MIR. Leslie Scott from the position
OF Deputy to the Collector OF Gus
toms. Mr.. Scott was at all times q
curteous and obliging official and
he knew more about the business Of
The department than any other man
We understand that he will shortly
go into the business OF Custom
house broker and we predict that he
will make great success. The
community Of this little town, .es.
pecially those who have business at
the Custom House, like him and
will not forget him.
The Independent. [volume] (Honolulu, H.I.) 1895-1905, 1900-07-07
LOCAL AND GENERAL NEWS.

1t is possible that Mr.. Faxon E.
Bishop, Of the firm OF Brewer ~ Co.
may 60 to Puerto Rico for the pur-
pose OF inducing the niggers Of thu
unfortunate island to go to Hawaii
and work on the plantations Of
Brewer a. Co.
The Independent. [volume] (Honolulu, H.I.) 1895-1905, 1900-07-07

The District Court adjourned for
one hour this morning,ol motion Of
Mr.. j. l.. Kaulukou to allow the
magistrate and the members of the
Bar to attend the session OF the
Supreme Court at which resolutions
in relation to the death OF the la:e
Chief Justice were presented.
The Independent. [volume] (Honolulu, H.I.) 1895-1905, 1900-07-07

A short while ago the doctors said
Beware Of the plagued Lookout
for consumptionp And now they
shake their heads sadly, while
smacking their lips, upon coming
out from the Union grill rooms and
whisper: Look after your digestion,
this food is altogether too exquisite
aud too rich 10 this country" And
the next day doctors and patients
are back again, consulting "Dr.
Lycurgus" and asking for more.
The Independent. [volume] (Honolulu, H.I.) 1895-1905, 1900-07-07
We Are Civilized.

Honolulu is getting famous, and
deservedly popular city, We are
no longer small village without a
casual notice in the Police Gazette.
We have been ignored in the weekly
publication in the Rogues' gallery
in the Gazette, and in the columns
devoted to saloons, barkeepers and
BARRIERS.
Now we are on deck and in the
issue OF the Police Gazette OF June
30, we find fine picture Of the in
terror OF the Criterion saloon which
Mr.. Dole says is obnoxious to the
ladies on Fort street. Behind the
bar stands handsome Duke McNicol,
the popular bartender, and in front
we see number OF Mr.. Dole's pro-
minent officials, who evidently
thought a Fort street saloon was
good enough for them.
The item attached to the picture
reads as follows:
TAKING A DRINK IN HoDoLULU.
With Photo.
The best known aud most extern
sively patruuized saloon in Homo
lulu is the Criterion, owned by Col.
Mccarthy. 1t is managed by one
Of Honolulu's best mixologist, Duke
McNicol, who is head bartender, and
and is one Of the most congenial
and affable sports to be found in the
city. He not only admires the ex-
man. o-wars- man, Tom Sharkey, but
also talks highly of the Police Ga
zette as great sporting medium,
being reliable and timely. Duke is
an all-round athlete, having donned
the mitts with the ex sailor. He
can duck, sidestep, jolt or uppercut
with the best OF them. Duke does
his part of the hustling as we'll as
conducting the offsirs OF the Cri-
terion: His friends are numerous.
He thinks, naturally, that the
Police Gazette is the best sporting
paper published. He is shown in
the photograph behind the bar.
We never knew that Duke was an
around athlete, but we are not in a
condition to dispute the fact. Under
the picture OF Gov. Dole's bete noir
on Fort street, the Criterion, are
pictures OF High Sheriff Brown, with
out stills, and Fire Chief Hunt
Their connection With the Criterion
cannot be sprmised, but anotht |
picture showing "the highly trained
horses ready to respond to an al.
arm" may indicate the idea Of thu
Inspired aEtist and representative o.
the pink police paper. The High
Sheriff is described az
"Marshal A. NJ, Brown, Handsome
Chief Of the Honolulu Police De
partment who is a Terror to Evil
doeTs."
a description on which The INDIE
PENDENT believed it had the copy
right; and brother Hunt is referred
to as
"Fire Chief HUNT. Able aud Afi
cient Organizer of the Honolulu
Fire Department with his Sllve
Trumpet"
Even il it does cost US $3.50 10 be
The Independent. [volume] (Honolulu, H.I.) 1895-1905, 1900-07-07

come an American we win raise the
money simply for the purpose OF
getting our picture in the Police
Gazette with handsome" Marshal
Brown and with Hunts trumpet,
and with Duke McNicol's cocktail.
The Independent. [volume] (Honolulu, H.I.) 1895-1905, 1900-07-07
Born.

LEES At the Maternity Home,
this city, July z, 1900, to the wife OF
Robert Lees, daughter.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
STUDY CAREFULLY THESE FACTS.
baltimore Methodist.

The tide of immigration is flowing strong to-
wards these Western shores. At least $1,000 per
month Of foreigners are seeking homes in our
country. Here is serious problem. We pub
lish some facts in refetence to this subject,
copied from the Springfield Republican. that
sho,lld be carefully read. If fall who seek home
among us from the old world were men and wo-
men of industry and high moral character, we
would have no serious thought in reference to
the future of our fair land. But when we re-
fleet over the facts as brought out in the article
that follows, we confess to some fear concerning
the futureOf this our native land. Let us give
attention ia this grave question.
but what of the quality of the present immi-
grafton? It is shown by the tests of nationality,
literacy and money brought in to be much in
ferior to former immigration. The great inflow
of the 1882 period came largely from northern
and western Europe. 1t now comes largely
from southern and southeastern Europe. This
deterioration in quality increases markedly with
the present increase in immigration. The ten
dency is observable in comparing arrivals at the
port of New York the past fiscal year with those
of the previous year. as may be seen in the fol-
lowing:
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06

Calcium carbide by cheapened process 10
claimed by II. Aschermann. On treating py-
rites with lime and coke in an ordinary electric
furnace, metallic iron and calcium carbide are
produced. the latter furnishing as pure acety-
Icne as the carbide by the usual process, while
at least 40 per cent less current is required by
the new method. Another advantage is that
the furnace can be run continuously.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
LoNoNECKER BROS.
Real Estate Agents and Brokers',
TOWSON. Md.

Real Estate Agents and Brokers,
TOWSON, Md.
No. 10, TWENTY ACRES OF UNIMPROVED
LAND in Lutherville.
No. II, Several desirable Building Lots in Tow
No. 10, A FARM OF us ACRES CPS acres
cleared), about miles west of the Northern
Central R. R.; new frame dwelling, frame barn
No. So, A TRACT OF Ian in the 18th district.
containing 45O acres, 40 acres cleared, balance
has on it splendid growth of timber; near
Convention Station b. & o. X. R., and miles
from Glenarm, NJ. G. K. Il.
No. 81, Lot on turnpike, in Towsontown, i'm
proved by two-story frame house, containing
rooms and garrett, with cellar pump at door.
ling, on east Chesapeake avenue, near York
road, Towsontown; lot $50 by 80 feet, in fee.
Warren Factory and l mile east of the York
turnpike; double frame house, with rooms,
good as new new stable and carriage house.
No. 121, FARM OF pa ACRES. 10 miles from
Baltimore, miles from Finksburg Station, W.
NJ. r. R.; frame house, tenant house, new bank
barn, log barn, with shedding; buildings in best
No. 1866, FARM OF SIX ACRES, on Rolling
road. near Catonsville dwelling, barn and all
necessary buildings; 1000 fruit trees.
No. 100, A farm of about 1926 Acres, on MY
Lady's Manor. 10th district within X miles Of
Monkton, N. G. r. R.; $50 acres cleared, balance
timber land large dwelling, barn and other OUT
buildings; plenty of water and all kinds of fruit
No. 10, About TX Acres of unimproved land
on road leading from Charles street avenue to
Ruxton, N. G: II: r., adjoining properties of Jas.
Boyce, Chas. ID. Fisher and Others 1t is within
of mile of Ruxton and IL miles to Wood
brook Station. M. @. r. R., with fine drives in all
directions.
ware avenue, Towsontown, about 70 by $50 feet,
nicely located for E Ie1S GSfNsRReG; BROS.
Real Estate Agents and Brokers.
Office of The UNION. Towsontown. Md.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
NOR SALE.

The undersigned, agents for owners, offers at
private sale, the property known as the -
lance of Reisterst0wn, containing 200 acres.
more or less in high state of cultivation, with
small tract of woodland. The improvements
of a large brick mansion, large brick barn and
other buildings. This property is within short
distance of st. Georges Station. w. NJ. r. R..
and within short walk of the electric railway.
1t has very many advantages. such as excellent
water in abundance !; high and healthy location,
convenient to churches, schools, stores, shops,
etc., and within short walk of Hannah More
Academy, a we'll known college for young ladies.
1t is offered for sale at this time to close es-
tate. 1t has been the home of Mr.. Reister Rus
sell for 30 years. and is an ideal country home
and farm, and must be seen to be appreciated.
Particulars on application to the undersigned,
LONGNECKER BROS,
Real Estate, Towson, Md.
Apl. 22.-tf. mo. 1921
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06

THE Houston Post notes that a strange fea-
ture of the Galveston calamity is the absolute
disappearance of the natural scavenger of the
Countrywide buzzard-just when he is most
needed. Not one is to be seen anywhere
though it would be natural to suppose that the
bodies of so many dead animals and human
beings would attract thousands of buzzards
from distant parts.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
NOR SALE.

A farm of about 25 ACRES, with new barn. a
two-story log and frame house; acresf5
woodland situated in the 18th district. on Iii
Morgan's Mill road, leading from the Dulany's
Valley and Sweet Air turnpike to the Manor
road and adjoining the farms of John g. Booth.
Henry Deter and others. 1t has on it two
springs of good water, apple orchard, is well
fenced and soil productive; Further particu-
Feb. 17-tf. [52Ol Real Estate, Towson, Nd.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
dor SALE.

valuable Truck Farm, containing 39x Lii
ACRES, situated on Hazelwood avenue, 18th dis
trict, about l mile from the Belair road and
about miles from the present limits of Balti-
more city. Improved by a 7-room House, Barn
and Stable, that will accommodate horses and
COWS; has plenty of water and conveniently
near electric cars. This is one of the best i'm
proved and most productive little farms in Bal
timore county. Further particulars on applica-
ton to LONGNECKER BROS,
Real Estate, Towson, Md,
or THOMAS G. BIDDISON,
Gardenville, Baltimore county.
Apl No. 300l
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
NOR SALE.
, EIsTERsTowN PROPERTY FOR SALE

We offer for sale desirable House and Lot in
the village of Reisterstown. fronting on the
- turnpike, and near the Hannah More a
So Academy. The lot fronts about 46 feet ia
and has a depth of 129 feet, and is in fee. The
house is frame. contains rooms, good celler.
and is in excellent condition. Pump of fine
water at the door. The owners intention to
leave the country is the reason for selling.
Apply to LONGNECKER BROS,
Oct. tiff. mo. 3151 Real Estate. Towson, Md.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
VALUABLE FARM FOR SALE.

A farm. situated in Duany's Valley, 6K miles
north of Towson. and within two miles of Long
Green Station. Baltimore & Lehigh Railroad
her, and improved by frame dwelling, with back
building. bank barn 60x45 feet; wagon shed and
corn crib combined, and other buildings. This
farm is centrally located in the heart of the
valley; soil very productive; supplied with
springs and stream abundance of fruit of all
kinds; fencing surrounding the farm in good
condition. 1t is convenient to churches of all
denominations schools, stores, shops near at
hand. One of the finest springs in the state is
located on this farm. For further particulars,
Address LONGNECKER BROS,
Real Estate, Towson, Md.
Apl eft. mo. Bill
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
VTERY DESIRABLE PROPERTY
v FOR SALE.
E#a Valuable for Development. 10

We offer for sale farm of about 1877 ACRES,
situated on Green Spring avenue, about one mile
west of Mt. Washington, about miles from pres
ent city limits about % acres in wood and bal
ance cleared location high and healthy and al
together very desirable location; land suscep-
tible of division and would prove valuable as an
investment for future development. Large
frame dwelling and all the necessary farm build
ings; excellent water and an abundance of it.
Apply to LONGNECKER BROS,
No. 34 Real Estate, TOwson, Md.
Aup. 00-tf.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06

WHAT HAS become of that war of extermi-
nation on the gold standard that Mr.. Bryan
was determined to wage until he had snuffed
the blamed thing out2
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
nor SALE.

valuable and attractive farm of SO ACRES,
E5in Long Green Valley, one mile from Bald "a
tn win Station, Baltimore and Lehigh Rail -
road: good house. barn and necessary outbuilds
ings in good order about 10 acres in wood, bal
ance under cultivation schools churches. stores,
shops. etc.. at convenient distance. Soil kind
and very productive. Neighborhood healthy and
water excellent. For terms, &c, apply tC
LONGNECKER BROS,
Apl.2s-tf. [No.211l Real Estate, Towson. Md
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
NOR SALE.

FOE SALE al
A FRAME DWELLING. SHEDDING AND
STABLE, also, adjoining the above, a FRAME
STORE (good stand for businessl and Dwell
LING. The lot fronts 55 feet on Delaware ave-
nue. Towson, with a depth of lab feet. 1t will be
sold subject to an annual rent of $500.
Apply to LONGNECKER BROS,
Real Estate Agents and Brokers, Towson, Md.
May4.-tf. No. 231.l
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
NOR SALE.

A valuable tract OF land, containing about Ii
Ills ACRES, some of the best land in baltimore
county, situated about miles from Glyndon,
Western Maryland Railroad. Ample buildings
for the use of the farm. Will sell for $500 per
acre. Easy terms. For further information ad-
dress LONGNECKER BROS,
Real Estate Agents and Brokers,
mi 0Q IL mo 2Sl. ] TOXSOn. Md
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06

If EVERYBODY could be made wealthy by re-
ducing the value of the dollar, the Democratic
party would be the logical custodian of the
affairs of the nation
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06

THE RICHMOND Times, the organ of the Vir-
ginia Democrats, declines to accept the free sill
yer and anti-expansion mandates of the Kan
sas City platform.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
DOR SALE.

i o' '1" a
A FARM OF 1877 ACRES, in Hartford coun- III
ty. on the Jarrettsvile turnpike; 140 acres clear
ed, balance good timber; 10-room house, tenant
house, barn and necessary Outbuildings, includ-
ing good barracks; plenty of excellent water.
fruit etc. about AZ miles from Corcett, n. Z.
r. r. and same distance from Baldwin, b. & L.
X. r. Land very productive and suitable for
dairy or stock farm. Further particulars on APP
plication to .. 49,.
No. 288 LONGNECKER BROS,
Apl l7.-tf. Real Estate, Towson Nd
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
TlARM FOR SALE.

T LII
district of Baltimore county, ON the road lead
ing from Blue Mount Station, on the Northern
Central Railroad. to Wesley Chapel, and within
one and one-half miles Of said station. 1t is
known as the property formerly belonging to
George w. Cuddy, and adjoins lands of Messrs.
Jacob NJ. Pearce William Light and others. 1t
well adapted for dairying and general farm
e e
by mortgage on the place. Apply to
LONGNECKER BROS,
Real Estate Agents and Brokers, Towsontown.
MAY I9.-tf. mo. 228.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
EOR SALE.

% - In
A VALUABLE FARM OF $50 ACRES, more
or less, in Baltimore county, at the head of Du
ley; about IL miles from Baltimore city, and
within IL minutes drive of Hyde Station, Bati-
walton and balance in timber. 1t is well water
ed having three never-failing springs. Improv-
ed by Frame Dwelling House. large Bank
property is beautifully situated and has many
advantages. For terms and further description,
address, LONGNECKER Bros,
Sept. est. mo. 2SO.l Real Estate, Towson. Nd.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
IHiterates.

1.-The greatest gains are in the immigration
from southern Italy, which is nearly one-half
illiterate from the Balkan states from Poland
and from Jewish Russa-representing races the
most difficult of all for amalgamation in the
American Republic. As late even as 1892 Ger
many led all other countries as a source of our
immigration. Now Italy leads, with southern
Italy far ahead of northern.
1.-THE average German immigrant continues to
bring into the country about $50 in money after
paying for his passage, but the case is different
with most of the new immigration. 1t is repor-
ted at the New York immigration office that only
1888 of the go Hebrews arriving at that port
the last year had as much as $50, and the average
for all was less than $40. The northern italian
brought over an average of $22, the southern So.
The Irish, tie Poles and Magyars had about $40
each with which to begin life here, the Slovaks,
Sl2; the Greeks and Croatians, $l5 and the
Lithuanians about So. 1t was not uncommon in
former days for the immigrant to bring enough
money with which to take up a farm in the wesp
Snch immigrants now are rare"
A School Examiner on School Trustees.
Prof. Simpson, the new school examiner of
Carroll county has issued what he calls
Teachers Hand Book" in which he has the
following to say of school trustees Zone of
the most important factors in carrying out this
system of public school education in the coun-
ty is the board of district trustees Not only
do they have the care of the school house
property, the power to report what repairs are
needed from time to time, and the duty of
selecting a teacher from those holding GER
tificate from the examiner, but being situated
nearby, with the enjoined duty of frequently
visiting the school, they have it in their power
to give helpful suggestions to restrain growing
evils, to back up the teacher in keeping good
order and in many other ways they can be of
great advantage to the school. / should like
to see the trustees of Carroll county take q
deeper interest in the local schools, and assume
the full measure of responsibility which is as
signed them in the school law. 1t is posi-
ton of honor and dignity, and when the duties
of the position are wisely and faithfully dis
charged, the trustees will become powerful
factor in lifting the schools to higher plane
of efficiency. The trainers of the school sys-
tenn laid it down in the law that the trustees
should visit the schools frequently. This was
a wise and necessary provision. To be of SER
vice to the teacher and to the community they
must visit schools frequently. In this way
they can become acquainted with the teachers
needs, his methods of work, his competency,
or his points of weakness"
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
DARE OPPORTUNITY
III TO
Purchase Valuable Wood Leave.

The GROWING TIMBER on nearly 500 acres
$40 of land, situated within convenient haul
ling distance of railroad in Baltimore coun-
ty. The TIMBER consists of WHITE OAK,
OAK VWAiNfT NIT POPnAR4 CHEsTNT T ri etc. etc
The undersigned will receive proposals from
persons engaged in the lumber business, who
Gs @ sns BUYERS will be
furnished with full particulars concerning the
location of the property.
eB-TERMS-CASH.
Address, LONGNECKER BROS.
Sept. S.-5t. Towson, Md.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
FOR SALE. @
A Rare Chance to Purchase n Valuable
Carriage and Wagon Mandatory.
NOR SALE.

We offer at private sale very valuable CAR
RAGE MANUFACTORY; business long es-
tablished and very profitable, with growing
trade. The property is also well suited for.
Country Store and large business could be
done by an energetic man. Address,
LONGNECKER BROS,
Nov. eff. mo. 25S.l Real Estate, Towson, Md
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
Correspondence Baltimore County linton.
SCIENTIFIC MIS- CELLANY.

Scandinavian House Materials-Ca Calcium
Carbide by a New Process-Electricity
in Consumption = Fruit. From shade
Treaa-What Is the Shamro v - - |e
Death Begins = National ~
Quartz Thermometers.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
FARM FOR SALE.

y. L
very fine farm of about 90 acres, has good
buildings and splendid water; soil very pro-
ductive and situation unsurpassed; healthy and
pleasant neighborhood. About four miles, in an
easterly direction, from Baltimore on good
road Apply to LONGNECKER BROS,
Feb. 8-tf. mo. 1921 Real Estate. Towson Md,
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
MiSCe1I a1Ien1Is.

DEAL ESTATE AND LOAN AGENCY.
LOANS NEGOTIATED on REAL ESTATE
Farms, Dwellings, Village Lots and all
kinds of Real Property Bought
and Sold.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06

SINCE 1864 the total vote at each successive
Presidential election has shown an increase
over the vote of the preceding contest. From
1854 to 1868 the gain was 100000; from 1868
to 1872, 100000; from 1872 to 1876, 100000;
from 1876 to 1880, 800, 600; from 1880 to 1884,
100000; from 1884 to 1888, 100000 Ian alb
normally large increase, not accounted for by
the admission of new States); from 1888 10 1892.
100000, and from 1892 to 1896, 100000. This
year the probable total popular vote is estima-
ted at 100000
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06

For New Orleans, Memphis, birmingham, Chat
tanooga, Knoxville Bristol and Roanoke, Mt.
Royal Station, 9.52.
Camden Station. 10. 10 P. NJ. daily. Sleeping car
Baltimore to New Orleans and Washington to
Memphis.
For Luray, Mt. Royal Station, PA P. NJ daily,
Camden Station 2.40 z. NJ, daily.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06

The novel darkroom light of British photog-
rapher, Howard Farmer consists of an electric
lamp placed in glass jar, which is contained in
a jar quarter of an inch larger. the space be-
tween the two vessels being filled with six per
cent. solution of bichromate of potash. board
cover is fitted to the jars. The light is very
bright, but appears to have no Jogging effect on
the plates.
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06
FOR WASHINGTON.

Mt. Royal Station. week days, x6.OO, x745. x8.45.
xlolS A: NJ, xl2.3S, x224, x3S2 x5.3S. x642, x747,
x952, x10.1S T: NJ. Sunday, x6.00. xS.45, xl018 A,
NJ, x224. x3.32, x6.42, $50, x1O.1S p. NJ.
Camden Station, weekdays, 500, x6.15, x825.
635, x720 x80O 8.35, x900, x1030 x1045 M, H. TO-
x12.50, x2.40. $50 (x3.45 45 minutes) x4.15, x515
as minutes) $40, x6.0O. 618, x7OO x73O Kills., 9l5
x9.4O xl055, 1l.3O P. M. Sunday, x6.25, 6.35, 1885,
x90O xl012, x1025 A NJ, x100, Los, x240 (345 as
1I.30 P. NJ.
For Annapolis, Mt. Royal Station. 1905 1850
A. M, tl2.41 p. M. Camden Station, 40, 800 A.
NJ and $40 p NJ
The Baltimore County union. [volume] (Towsontown, Md.) 1865-1909, 1900-10-06

A laboratory furnace devised by Armand Gau-
tier can be kept for indefinite period at any
desired fixed temperature between 1902 and
13OOo c.