The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1900-11-06

ed or stacked near the barn and
stable to he converted either into feed
or manure. Until such q system IS
adopted here no farmer has any right
10 grumble and complain as 10 the un-
p~rofitableness Of his calling. We're
Armour and Company. or Chicago, To
waste the otfal and refuse Of the car
casSes they slaughter. they would 90
into bankruptcy III a few month >
time. The profit on their great buSi-
ness is almost entirely made out OF
the careful saving Of the blood and
otfal Of the animals slaughtered. So
it is in almost all great commercial
undertakings. The little items saved
fits are made. The far1ner III these
DAYS of close and worldwide cOmpe-
tition cannot expect to be exempt
from the conditions affecting all BUSH
ness undertakings. He should save all
he produces. and make il, either dl-
rectly or Indirectly, to the
profit of the farm. In no way IS he a
greater sinner against the "lneNOraDle
rules of political economy than III the
Nay in which he neglects to carefully
harvest and save his corn crop. II
is not vet too late to save fodder crops
of various kinds. We nave made eN-
cellent drv feed in November
late sown corn. sorghum and millet.
1t requires much more time and care
to secure a well-cured article OF feed
at his season than earlier III the tail,
but when feed is short this time ought
not to be grudged. 1t Will be found
easier to give the time and labor than
to find the money to buy the iced III
winter.
~ .-1 Sc
Let all root crops be dug or pulled
before severe weather sets III, and be
stored either in cellars Or in kilns or
pies. They should be dry before be-
ing placed in bulk, or they will not
keep well, and provision Mould be
made for allowing the moisture arts
ing from the sweating OF the crop.
which will take place during the first
week or ten days after the bulklng, to
| pass off. This may be done by only
covering the kiln or pie with straw
| until after the sweat has taken place,
and then covering the straw with
earth to keep out the frost. Ruta
baoa turnips may be safely left grow
ing until the end of the month. They
are not injured by even several de
orees of frost. and will make more
weight in this cool moist month than
during any other like period in their
growth. If the Irish or sweet potato
| crops have been affected with blight,
rot. or any other fungOid disease. the
vines should be dried and burnt, and
not be plowed down. In this way the
spores of the disease will be destroy
ed. If plowed down, they are very
| apt to infect the land and the dis
~ro ~O,- 4~o,,I1oro,Do - thn pa~t
crop of the same botanical family.
When all crops have been saved, and
wheat seeding has been completed. and
at all intervals. when opportunity
serves. let the cams be kept at work
blowing and s%ubsoiling the land in
tended to be cropped next ear The
earlier this work is done the more
likely is it to be beneficial TO the crop.
This comes about from several causes.
In the first place, early breaking per
mitS OF the entrance into the soil and
subsOil of air and water at a time
when these are warmed by the atmos-
phere and when the soil itself Is
warm. This promotes and increases
the n~itrification of the soil and con
tinues the solvent action of the fer
ments. which should be always in ac.
ton in a productive soil. In the neXt
place. it permits of a larger storage o,
water in the subsoil, which wher
newly broken is more ~absorptive thar
after 1T has become c~ompacted. Their
again. the earlier it is broken tht
more time has the soil and subsoil t.
become compacted before the crop j:
planted, and all crops, although bene
fitted by a soil being sufficiently per
| mon l, fo1, H. 90 +. Ill. -.
trate. yet equally require the sol
around those roots should be suffi
GENTLY compact to afford good roo
5 hold and Il close adhesion of the sol
to the rOotlets. The truth Of thes
7 conclusions has been ~abundantlv de
: monstrated in numerous experiments
: We are aware that in advising ia
2 blowing we are running counter t
: the opinion Of many. probably a ma
: Jority Of Southern farmers. but W
5 are none h less satisfied that we ar
advising the course adapted to secur
the best results. The contention O
most 0 fthese farmers is that it j
W; ste of time and labor 10 plo.y in tn
s fall. as the winter rains beet and cen
I solidate the land again 50 that sprin
f blowing is still necessary. Eve
t granting this to be so, we still believ
{ mat Iall blowing is best. The gre;
n need of all Southern arabic land
cultivation, the deepening Of the so
and its aeration. the admission Of til
winter and spring rains to the sui
soil, and the making of hat subso
i porous enough to hold this water su,
ply for the ummer crops In u
n other way can these ends be secure
r except by fall blowing. There is nc
= time in the spring to give that dee
and perfect breaking and cultivate
n which the best interests Of the cro1
g demand, nor is there time then for ii
e soil to be sufficiently aerated to mai
o it a fit place in which crops can gro1
le On all, except heavy clay lands, tn
n fall blowing ought to be supplements
k by the seeding Of some winter gro>
81 ing crop, such as vetches or vetch
IS and rye or rye alone, if too late in tt
k. season for vetches, so that the ava+
is able plant food in the soil shall n
e be leached away but be utilized by
1T crop either to be used as green fo
age or to be turned under. A hea,
n clay soil may safely be left unseed,
Y, and rough, to receive the bene
rs which the winters frOStS will conf.