The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1900-06-26
JINGLE SAN N CHINA
continued From second Page.

After waiting several months Commo-
dore Perry returned to the Bay OF Yeddo,
and finally by triumph Of diplomacy,
aided by the sight of his seven ships, ef-
fected a landing and obtained treaty
permitting Americans to trade. This
treaty permitted citizens OF the United
States to trade with Japan through the
ports of Simoda and Hadodade and the
United States was authorized to appoint
Consuls to represent its interests at these
points. It was stipulated that, steamers
from California TO China SHOULD be fur
nished with supplies Of coal. and that
American sailors shipwrecked upon the
Japanese coast should be treated humane
ly and not killed or imprisoned, as had
been the Japanese custom in their attempt
to secure isolation. Thus. Japan, after
216 years OF secluSion, entered into the
family OF nations. The other powers were
quick to follow the United States example
and secured similar treaties. and thee
other ports were soon added TO which
western people might trade In 1860 the
japanese government sent its first foreign
embassy abroad, which visited the United
States first and afterwards went to Eu-
rope.
Perry,s visit was the cause of the over
throw Of the dynasty then in power in
Japan. From the twelfth century, the au-
thority of the Mikados had been nominal.
They had been relegatad among the gods
and their power was exercised through a
shotgun, who was the real sovereign.
When Commodore Perry had presented
himself to demand the conclusion Of the
treaty Of commerce the only part taken
by the Mikado was to address ferveent
prayer to his ancestral shades. Shut up
in his palace, or rather his temple, and a
complete slave to etiquette, he was not
allowed to tread the ground, expose his
peros nto the open air, or let the sun
shine on his head. Commodore Perry did
not know of his existence.
When the Shotgun yielded to the Ameri-
can demands it created a profound SEN
sation IN Japan. The mobiles were IN
dignant at the departure from the tradi-
tional policy of the empire, and their pro-
tests reached the Mikado himself. Some
Of the mobiles persuaded the Mikado to in
terfere and issue orders to the Shotgun.
Then followed civil war, some siding with
the Shitgun and others with those who
claimed to represent the Mikado The
mobiles opposed to the foreigners gained
the upperhand, and IN 1863 ordered the
Shotgun to abrogate treaties of COM
merce. Attacks on the foreigners fol-
and foreign vessels attempting to enter
treaty ports were fired upon. One of these
vessels was the Pembroke small Ameri-
can steamer loaded with merchandise.
which in June. 1863, attempted to pass
through the Strait of Shimonoseki on it's
way from Yokohama to Nagasaki II was
fired upon by the shore batteries and by
an armed brig belonging TO the Prince of
Nsgato, the leader of the anti-foreign
party.
The Pembroke was not hit and no one
was hurt
The insult was reported to Comm odore
McDugal, who was with the Wyoming at
Shanghai. The Wyoming was a tiny YES
sci of only six guns, and arriving at Shin
onoseki McDougal found that the Japan
csc had a vessel better armed than the
Wyoming, a brig, and several smaller
craft, the whole numbering about forty
eight guns to McDougars six, while the
Japanese had the protection of their
forts, and, as during the whole of the
revolution, the japanese had the services
OF foreign gunners.
McDougal's strategy was to keep the
Wyoming constantly moving so as TO dis
concert the Japanese. II sent broadsides
as well as bow and stern shots at the
same time. One Shot went through the
Japanse big vessel and exploded its boil
er. McDougal had no charts. the tide was
swift, and he was outnumbered, but in
one hour and ten minutes the Japanese
squadron was destroyed and the forts
sienced. McDougal sailed away in the
Wyoming, which was hit twenty tines
eleven times in the hull, four times in the
smokestack. five in the masts. and its
rigging was badly cut. Five Of his men
were killed and six wounded. The Ameri-
can minister made a claim of $4,000 for
the loss Of time and freight sustained by
the Pembroke, which was paid promptly
Perry opened Japan to trade. The Unit
ed States in 1878 and again in 1894 led the
way for the admittance of Japan into full
fellowship of the nations and TO permit
trade Of Americans IN every part Of the
empire. Under the previous treaties
Japan had been bound by those condi-
tons which it is usual TO include with
treaties with foreign nations, involving
among other things the surrender Of
Jurisdiction over foreigners within her
territories and the restriction of her right
to levy and collect imposts and taxes in
excess Of rates agreed upon. BY the con-
vention Of 1858 and that Of 1866 the United
States, Great Britain and Japan estab-
iished JAPAN customs tariff for her.
After 1858, when the Shotgun was finally
overthrow and the Mikado himself be-
gan TO rule under a constitutional govern
ment, the japanese showed constant pro-
gress in peace. They became FESTIVE OF
being treated as barbsrians and wished
the removal OF the stigma The first ef-
fort was received with favor by the
United States. which, by the treaty 90
1878, placed Japan upon exactly the same
footing as Germany. France. or any other
country in relation with the United
states. except that the consular courts
were continued. Tsis was because the
United States had bses in effect Japan's
tutor and as nine-teaths OF the era-ire's
progress was attributable direcIy %
American influence the United States 5eF-
knew her progress. Il was ten years be
fore any other power followed her cZ-
ample.
The treaty OF 1884 Was the first 70 give
Japan standing among nations Untii
then the empire was closed 20 foreign
residence and travel Although the gov
eminent did permit foreigners 20 travel
ia the interior for stated periods and GER
tain specific objects, strictly speaking the
citizens and subjects of fbe treaty powers