The pioneer press. (Miller, Hand County, S.D.) 1893-190?, 1900-01-25
HOW THEY mixed.

the other to insure gOOd dlSttipNIion
then delivered TO the forms by to-aho-
fro motion called beating up the
FORMS" Three "beatingS' was the
rule, on particular work, for each I'M
preston. The ball man uSei slice
and prayer: but The brayer of his
day was sort of pestle for rubbing
up" the ink. While in his train OF
work, at short intervals he would step
around to the pressman's bank To
scrutinize the work-to note whether
he had made monk or "friar" !;
whether his color was even, excessive
or light, etc.
In all work requiring register, such
as book forms, the sheets were laid
upon registering points, suitably at
tached to the tympan frame, and in
working the second set of forms or a
Federation, as the "work-and-turn''
forms were styled the pressman mere
ly laid the point openings upon the
points and the sheet would print in
exact register.
TWO COLORED RUNS.
! They had a novel way of registering
two-color runs. The form was made
ready and an impression pulled" upon
| the frisket sheet: this frisket was de-
| tached and another substituted. The
| compositor then lifted the letters or
| lines wanted for the next color, and
tllled the openings with quads and reg
let. This run off, the lifted lines and
letters were replaced upon suitable
and uniform underlays of reglet; the
lines and letters for the second color
were then cut from the first frisket, it
was attached in lieu of the one just
used, bearing or two to equalize the
pressure OF the platen, and the make
ready was complete.
THE RAMAGE PRESS.
The old Ramage press, which was
exhibited in Machinery Hall, Worlds
Fair, afterwards in the Columbian
Museum, and recently niched in
Smithsonian Institute among the sa-
cred and the curious things which
link the past to the present, is
splendid type of the press of those
earlier days This is the press Frank
lin worked when young man of nine
teen years, in Perkins famous pub
fishing house, London, he having
been stranded there, almost penniless,
through the duplicity of Governor
Keith of Pennsylvania, whose letters
OF credit for a printing outfit for
Franklin were not honored.
1t was by the side of this press
Franklin stood, while in London in
the service of his country, far-famed
and honored as g sagacious statesman
hnd profound phHosopner, and said to
the Perkins employees, Come, my
friends. it is now forty years since
worked at iris press as journeyman
printer We will drink together"
AND ne sent out for a measure of por-
ter.
At the time to which Franklin refer
red there were fifty men employed in
this establishment; an "ale-boy' at
tended them constantly, but Franklin
prevailed upon them, through precep,
and example, and the "ale-boyR.ceasei
his ministrations
FIRST IRON PRESS.
There was no outfit material to he
had in America when Franklin wanted
tn establish for himself. 1t was ten
years after Franklin's Geath when
Earl Stanhope Of England built the
first iron press. lI was a toggle Joint
and lever-the prototype in this re-
spect of the Washington press built in
this country by Samuel Rust in 1929.
Treadwell, Clymer and Smith were also
early American press builders.
FIRST POWER PRESS.
The first power press was built by
German machinist for the London
Times in 1914. And the first in Amer
ict by Treadwell of Boston, in 1922.
The American Bible society used a
Treadwell press, driving it by steam.
And the American Tract society USED
the same make OF press, and drove by
mules. The Adams power press came
into the field about 1880, and was pop
ulal for years. ACCORDING to Thee
dore De Winnie the New York Sun and
Harper Brothers USED hand presses as
late as 1885.
Christian Sewer, at Germantown,
Penn, 1875, made the first type cast in
America. He intended to use this on
An English edition of the Bible, but
finding he would infringe the Oxford
patent, cast in German, made the ink
and the parer, and in 174S printed the
first German edition of the Bible In
America. Ronaldson and Binney
came into possession of the remains of
Sewers outfit, and with certain appli-
ances Franklin had bought in Paris,
started type founding in Philadelphia
in 1898.
Binney invented the force feed and
other features, which gave great i'm
petus to casting, doing in an hour
work which required day by the old
method, which seldom exceeded 5000
separate casts, and required special
cleverness to swing mold and ladle to
the nicely necessary for perfect cast
Ing. London type founders in Frank
Inns time cast all bodies known to us
even down to the delicate and exquis-
lite diamond; the modern founders
nave added brilliant" and excelsior.
PAPER MAKING.
Paper making in the earlier days
was tedious process-hand-pulping of
. NJ L. III