Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1900-07-19

The TOBACCO INDUSTRY.
Dark Export, Bright yellow and Ma
hogany Tobaccos, Etc.

THE TOBACCO INDUSTRY.
Dark Export. Bright yellow and Ma
hogany Tobaccos, Etc.
AL dark export tobaccos are cured
with open hardwood fires, the English
trade demanding extra heavy smoking
In curing. There is a slight difference
between the export tobacco of Virginia
and that of Kentucky and Tennessee.
The Virginia tobacco, generally speak
ing, is of better quality than the Ken
lucky and Tennessee grades, and more
of It is used for the domestic market.
The better qualities of these tobaceos
are used III this country for manufac
turing purposes.
The farmer asserts the tobacco
roughly into Tugs, good leaves and top
leaves, but the final grading and treat
ment are given by the packer, who also
decides to which country the various
qualities of tobacco shall be sent. If
the tobacco needs darkening to meet
the demands of any particular trade,
the desired shade is obtained through
various ways of manipulating and
packing 1t.
The light tobaccos produced in Mary
land are air cured, while Il similar type
grown in eastern Ohio is largely cured
by wood fires. These tobaceos are used
exclusively for pipe smoking and ciga-
rettes, the following grades being made
by the packers: Fine yellow. medium
bright, good ordinary "colory," fine
red, fine seconds, medium seconds and
Tugs. Nearly all of these goods are ex-
ported, the best markets being found
in France, Germany, Holland, Austria
and Belgium.
Almost the entire yield from Mary
land and eastern Ohio is sold in Balt-
more, where five large warehouses
have been established for the inspec-
ton of these goods by state officers.
AS soon as these tobaccos are entered
III the warehouse q sworn and bonded
inspector draws four samples from
each hogshead, taken from different
places and at equal distances apart,
beginning near the bottom of the hogs
head. These four samples, or hands,
are tied together and are sealed and
labeled with the name of the owner,
the number of the hogshead, its net
and gross weight and the name of the
inspector. The agents of foreign coun-
tries buy exclusively from these sam
pies When the goods are shipped, the
samples are also forwarded, so that
the goods on reaching their destination
can be compared with the samples
from which they were bought. If there
should be more than 10 per cent Of to-
becco in the hogshead poorer than the
sample, the Inspector. who is under
bond, becomes liable for such differ
ence.
The White Burnley is entirely air cur
ed except in exceedingly damp wealth
er, when wood fires may be used. This
tobacco is assorted by the farmer into
the following grades: Filters. the first
two bottom leaves, which are overripe
and very trashy; common Tugs the
next two leaves; good Tugs, bright
leaves, long red, short red and top
leaves. This tobacco is packed in
hogsheads by the fasner and inspected
N the same manner as the Maryland
tobacco; but, unlike the latter, it is sold
at auction in the warehouse.
Not more than 10 per cent of the
White Burnley is exported, but on ac-
count of its great absorbent powers it
Is highly priced in this. country for
twist and plug chewing tobaccos. The
fiers are used for pipe smoking, the
heavy bodied top leaves for plug and
twist filters, while the best leaves are
used for cigarette. plug, twist wrap
pers and for cutting purposes.
The bright yellow and mahogany to-
baccos are cured entirely by flues, a
method which cures very quickly, not
more than four days being required in
the process. As soon as the tobacco is
put into the barn the fire is started and
is kept going night and day until the
tobacco is thoroughly cured to the de-
sired color. THIS tobacco, which is sold
at auction in loose piles in the ware
house, is largely consumed In this
country, being used for plug and twist
wrappers, cigarettes and fine cut chew
Ing and smoking tobaccos. The broad
scope of this type makes it exceedingly
popular. and the acreage is rapidly In
ereasing. Recently this tobacco has
come into favor with foreign countries,
Japan having lately placed a large or
der for this grade.
Domestic cigars are made up of
wrappers. binders and filters which
come from different districts. The
Connecticut valley produces two types
Of wrapper leaf, the broad leaf and the
Havana seed leaf. The broad leaf va
riety has broad, silky leaf, very elas-
tic, about two-thirds of the leaf from
the tip, possessing rich grain and color
Small veins are also characteristic Of
this leaf. There is only one small area
in the Connecticut valley adapted to
its production The leaf of the Ha-
yana seed Is smaller than the broad
leaf, much narrower and is exceeding
~ thin and silky, bur possesses less
elasticity and covering quality. 1t does
not possess the rich grain of the broad
leaf. The middle and lower parts are
glossy and have large veins This por.
don of the leaf is not desirable for
wrapper purposes. The Connecticut
wrapper completes with the Imported
sumatra, being the nearest 10 II Of any
Of the domestic tobaccos except that
grown IN Florida from sumatra eeed.-
Messrs. Whitney and Floyd in Agrieul-
tural Year Book.
DR.. ]. B. Smith Of New Jersey rec
ommends the use Of carbon bisulphide
for melon aphis. AS soon as the first
curied up leaf is noticed the hin and
those around it should be fiinigated.
a tolerabIy tight cover should be plae-
ed over the bill and the suIphide used
1t the rate Of one dram for every cubic
foot of space under the coYer.