davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-08-29

The Hon. ANNIE LA PoRTz DIoos. the Lead
ing stateswoman Of Kansas. and q boss who
led the Fusionists by the nose at their State
Convention. carried out another masterful po-
litical plan last week. She rented a building
and there served. or offered 10 serve. tea
and crackers TO visitors to the Bryan n%otiioa-
ton show, Tea and crackers Tor the Kansas
Democrats Why. even the Populist farmers
have grown so rich that they would turn up
their noses at anything less luxurious than
champagne, Cannot Mira. Didds he content
with ruling the Fuslonlsts without running
them?
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-08-29
New Hampshire's New Sign.

II New Hampshire were flattened out IL
would be larger. But that would be no
Improvement. for 1t would take up more of
the United States. and either some owners
would haveto own more Of II or there would
have TO be more owners. Thus the wisdom
Of holding up a considerable part Of the
State edgewise is plain.
Somewhat more than a year ago Governor
ROLLINS proposed to the people Of New
Hampshire what has come to be known
a. Old Home Week-a week OF festivals
in cities, towns and villages, the principal
feature of which IL a neighborhood re-
union embracing residents. former resi-
dents and descendants Of the latter. One
year ago some fifty festivals Of this sort
were held. This year the number was
about a hundred. Al one Of these gather
ingS, held last week. Governor ROLLINS
showed that In the plan Of New Hampshire's
creation there was wisdom unsupported
by the agriculturists who were trying 10
be thankful that their possessions were no
larger than they were. The period Of
New Hampshire's figuring as an abandoned
farm State, he said, was about over. A
new sign should be put out setting forth
that the State was the best place on earth
for summer board.
Governor R~oILINs's remarks were received
with demonstration Of approval. and the in
cident may be taken as an official announce
ment that New Hampshire is closing out her
a~handoned-farm business and will be- found
hcnceforth at the old stand with a new
line of goods embracing everything in the
way OF recreation for summer visitors
Governor ROLLINS did not enlarge upon
the natural advantages possessed by his
State for meeting most Of the summer
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-08-29
CHANGES TO M'KINLFY.
Significant Views OF a German Newspaper and
a Democratic lawyer.
From The chicago Tribune

ROCKFORD. H., Aug. 25.-The Rockford Ger.
mania. whose proprietor Is Prof. Ferd Stedinger OF
the faculty Of the Rockford High School. and which
Is the German organ Of Winnebago. Ogle and Boone
counties. to-day announced It's allie glance 10 McKin-
ley and the entire Republican ticket. basing It's change
upon the financial question principally and also upon
the radical IDEAS Of the Bryan Democracy. Although
not in favor Of the monetary plank OF the Democratic
platform Of 1890. the G.-mlrd supported Bryan on
the score OF party regularity.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-08-29
REWARD. Iuriorlou, Game Har.

FROM NJ , tf.D
In Telemarken last summer % man ~ no. "'
DAY with the mortal remains Of % vixen "..
which he had slain the uf'v'lHr r'''t
mountainSlde nearby. It, had .NH
chAnced upon the 'tafth' during &C. H''
owner. and had patiently waited 2 3D..
Eventually that excellent family lf.f.1i r.r..
appearance, brin ging with her eleven
oAilIie. one full q rown gray hen ana @
chickens and the mouse were p6cE,i N
wings Of III. gray hen, the Dps Of sEicI sSs h~s
her mouth.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-08-29
Twentieth Century BIRDS Nests.


Country LHs has Just published hn aNtreue g inter
eS,ing photograph 81 a tuftledOycs nest VIA NE
exception OF two bTamble tWigs and a few wigs ~
larch, this nest was entirely composed Of strand. o.
wire and old rusty wire netting. The mes, v"g.'
half a pound. and was more than two inches a"', '
wirework alone. The curious part IL tie story .'
when the nest was removed. the tutucd''"s I"'..
dlately set 10 work and constructed another 10 i'e
ciSely the same fashion,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-08-29

The Hon. FLAvIUs JosEPHUs VAN vohHrs,
a mighty silver spouter among the Hoosierr,
asserts that we have Imperialism In this oily
Of indianapolis" Then you have something
rare and precious; In fact. unique. Send u 70
Col. BRYAN and he will have u photographed
A picture Of a real ghost may make the audi
ence shudder. but mere talking about q phan-
tom like imperialism makes tho incredulous
grin,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-08-29

tho shirt tail. and the Junction concealed by
tho $ short skirt Of the tunio but'oned oil Tho
way down" Then shorten the trousers a
few inches, $ gathering them at tho ankle u
necessary. by means Of strap and buckle
There are endless varieties OF summer cos
tunes In which the shirt waist. or modernized
shirt sleeves need not figure.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-08-29
Better Stick TO Honest Money Then.

FfOfn he ErF0fn0 PON-
independent voters recognize that a vo,, Tor RYAN
by an anti-imper ialist will be treated also 'th' IN
dorssment Of free coinage and other p]rirc'?lrs which
they abhor. They already perceive that there Il NJ
heart In the campaign for anti-imporiali,m hE pc
Democrats, when that party. In the only two sections
where II Is strong the extreme West ard tH' south
Is practically committed to the expansion policy ard
leading Democratic politicians and uewsnape'N are
r.pudiating the conSent-ofthe-goverucI" pllaE.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-08-29

Harpsr's Magazine for September Is a crowded
numbet. Besides IFS serials By Mrs Humphry
Ward, Israel 2Angwil and =. r. Stockton. II has
contributions from Edward InIty, Prof Henry Van
Dyke, Paul Leicester Ford, Father Tabb. W, W.
Jacobs, joel Benton, Miss wilkins Julian Ralph,
virginia Frazer Boyle. and others. These writer's
oner an extended choice OF subjects The iiusuAr
ions Of the number are excellent as Alwayk
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-08-29

The capital OF Virginia must contain az
much common sense prOportionately 10 its
population as any other city; and, therefore,
we are surprised to see the Richmond Times
making the silly vaunt in behalf Of the
Southern people" that they look upon
support Of a national policy because 1t con-
serves their interests as taking "a very low
view Of politics"
"If the Southern people consulted merely
their own interests, says that paper, they
might stand in with the Republican party:
but our people believe in the great prin-
ciples Of Democracy. They are not willing
to sacrifice their principles for a material
consideration.
Do the intelligent citizens Of Richmond
who believe hat the cardinal principle Of
Bryanism violates the great principles Of
Democracy " by threatening the security Of
property and the welfare Of the people,
really think that they would be taking a
very low view OF politics " and would Sac
rihce their principles for a material consid-
Grafton If they Joined with Gen. PALMER OF
Illinois, Mr.. HEWITT Of New York, and
many thousands of other Democrats in
standing In with the Republican party :"
in opposing it?
We do not believe they are so childish. so
foolish. We do not believe that any sensi-
bic Southerner any more than any sensible
Northerner looks upon a sound economic
and financial principle as base or regards
vigilance in the preservation OF his prop
erty from ruin as yielding to a low 4"
material consideration"
The great principle Of the Democracy
started at Chicago In 1890 Is the free coinage
OF silver at the ratio Of 10 TO / without the
aid OF consent Of any other nation, and that ia
It's great principle now BRYAN's sugges-
ton that we should surrender to AGUINALpo
our sovereign rights outrages the Southern
people no less than 1t does the people every
where else. Expansion has been one Of
1.-The great principles Of Democracy" from
the time of JEFFERSON and there is no
other part Of the Union which is more
favorable 10 the present Philippine expan-
sion than is the South itself.
In truth, the Southern people, unless they
believe In 10 to /, will sacrifice both their
material interests and their political prin-
ciples in voting for Organism.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-08-29
VIEW room CEREAL.
Cottonseed's Advantages Over wheat.
Ernn fhA Enrnrn


Time was when the coitonseed was the least NJ AL
seeds In the public estimation, but II bids fair 10 he
come. in the future, by It's merit, the greatest Of all.
let us compare this so called by. produc, with one OF
the cereals;
WHEAT AND ~corroVSREp COMPARED
Protein. Carbohvdrdies Fat V1'us
Cotton seed ...lZ57 i0.S2 eOlg lisa
The above tahl" gives the number Of pounds ~ food
componentS and the analytical value Of 100 pounds
each Of wheat and cottonseed. according to the
methods In use by the Agricultural Experiment GA
tons, II shows the surprising fact that pound 'or
pound. cottonSeed has a greater intrinsic value than
wheat Neither Is the bulk Of the c1ttonseed crop hy
any means insignificant as compared with wheat
There are raised in the Southern States alone i've
seventies as many bushels OF cotton sccd as there are
raised bushels Of wheat In the whole Of tie Unltcd
States.
Although the cotton seed has been almost ohScu'ed
by the far more snowy cotton crop, Il has nevcrihsle.,
been proved by recent Investigations TO have an 9.
trinsic value half that Of the cotton crop. when fully
and properly put To such uses as are already know
for H. There Is a known latent value IN tho coffin
seed crop Of 5000. 900. 900, equal u four cents ;r'
pound on the entire cotton crop, which is still anlu.
ally lost.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-08-29

From he Boron y u-r.L
' Boston, as Mayor Hart has pointed n.''i'lH' .i
city which has existed for two centuries nrt a "..
without a boom or a Setback lis norma. raw VI
Increase is now about = per cent q yrat
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-08-29
Have We Been FOO Lenient with
Poor Spofford?

In the subjoined communication a CORE
spondent In Trenton expresses the opinion
that THE Sun may have been too merciful
in its treatment of Mr.. AINswoRTH X. SPoF-
FoRD during the exposure of the methods
OF the Committee on Distributions"
ITO THE EDITOR or THE sUN-sr; The en-
closed letter. OF which you have doubtless received
other copies. will explain Itself
Poor SPoPPoRDl' lie seems to have lmblbed the
spirit Of his associates and become an expert In In.
direction. begin TO doubt whether he Il fully
entitled 10 the lenity with which you have handled
him
-TheSe methods doubtless catch a great many PEG
pie. aud SPoPPoRD and his associates have conse-
auentiy found them profitable; therefore, they are not
only continuing them, but spreading them over new
enterprises. Notwithstanding the continued and Just
criticism which they have had through your columns.
TRENTON, NJ j., Aus. "a. ". y. A."
The letter enclosed Is typewriter, but
signed with a pen:
"sos Y STREET. y W,
"WASHTNGTOS ID. G, Aus. 7, 1900
DEAR STR: With the assistance OF MI FRANK
WnTRSHAMPH Of the Astor Library, New York. |
have recently issued the last edition Of my Library OF
Historic Characters and Fam juS Events
AS the completion Of the undertaking. involving
many years OF literary labor and a vast expenditure
OF money, Is OF special interest tOthe American people,
I have ~thoughtit best TO make a distribution among a
few gentlemen IN your city and your name has been
given me through TIE kindness of a friend, as one
who would appreciate this favor
Il shall be pleased TO send YOU fun particular, upon
receips q the Postal Card that | have provided for your
reply. Kindly MI out and return same at your earn.
est convenience. Faithfully yours.
"a. r. SPoFFoRD,
Appointed Librarian Of Congress, 1868. by Presi.
dent LINCOLN"
Here over Mr.. SPoFFoRD's written name
unless, indeed, the signature is a forgery
We have the old familiar lingo Of BARCrs
and his merry men: distribution " among
Q few selected individuals; your name has
been given me-; appreciate the favor"
and so on. together with the protrusion Of
poor SPoFPoRD's official connection with
the Library Of Congress for all that it is
worth as an inducement to subscription.
But this is not all. While SPoFFoRD, with
the assistance of Mr.. FRANK WRITENKAMPH
OF the Aston Library, has been expending
many years of literary labor upon his al
legged Library Of Historic Characters and
Famous Events" that poor overworked
gentleman has been occupied also from
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-08-29

N or Jrtsnd, vho fator 10 pIh mdnsSefr' t~
Subttsaftou rih 10 haze rs,sd'd d1id" rHurn'd' t''S
S.a On al cas-, send rdnbs FOR that purpo".
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-08-29

The Hon. o II ". BREIpESTsAL, Fusion
candidate for Governor OF Kansas. had a vision.
He saw 10000 plain. common. honest old
Kansas farmers" streaming into Topeka TO
hear Col BRYAN make his notification speech.
They didn' t stream. Exactly LAO per-ons ar
rived in Topeka on the railroads that day. The
plain. common. honest old farmers are putting
the dollar above the man.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-08-29

PAus-Kiosque No. 10. near GRAND Hotel ana
KIosqu s No. 10, Boulevard des Cspucines.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-07-12
IEcn I!rn1ll Second Story.

FREDERICKSBURG VA, July IL
Spec.a!.-In tae adjoining county of Caro-
line, within a radius OF fifteen miles. five
octogenarians whose aggregate ages foot
ed up 406 years, have passed away within
the last two weal5s. They were ". F. Cat
lett. aged eighty-two years; Albert Could
man. eighty; L. W. Lockwood, eisilty-two;
Joseph A Broaddlts, eighty, and Edmund
Sutton, eignty-two-
Mr.. Melville Littrell. of this city. while
al work in a large barn for Mr. T. l.
Bubb. near Woodbridge, fell from the sec
ond story. breaking his leg badly and sus-
tanning other injuries to his body He was
brought here at once for treatment.
ATarvin-Cfrove Methodist camp meeting
in Richmond county will open Friday.
August Sd. and continue ten days
Evangelist William NJ. Leftwich. of Nash
Vile, Tenn. and DR.. w. G. Starr president
Of Randolph Macon College, will 90 the
principal preaching
Watermelon growers in Stafford and King
George counties state that the crop this
season will be far below the average
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-07-12
WANT THE CHARTER AMENDED
So rs to Give the Mayor More Patron
a.e-P:,ri> improvements.

1t was rumorcd in Council circles yes
terday that there was a movement on
foot looking to having the city charter
so amended as to greatly enlarge the
powers Of the Mayor, to give to him the
patronage that now belongs to the Coun-
ell or its committees.
Several members are known to be in
favor OF this change. Alderman E. 3.
Thompson is one of them.
He said that he believed it would
be TO tie best interests of the city to re-
lieve the committees of the selection OF
employees of the different departments, thus
giving 70 the committees more time for
legislative work.
In most Of the cities the Mayors appoint
nearly all the heads of the departments,
who. in turn. select their subordinates-
The pre- ent City Council Will take steps
looking to charging and making Reser-
voir Park one of the most attractive
resorts in the State.
Richmond owns some eight or ten acres
Of land between the boulevard and Blan-
don Park Nothing has been done up 10
this time TO improve it.
A plan will be proposed whereby the
ground will be laid off INFO a baseball
park, and provision made for lawn tennis
and other sports. Beautiful shade trees
Will be planted.
The Grounds and Building Committee
as at present constituted is known to
be favorable to this much-needed improve
ment. and President Ebel is heartily in
sympathy with the scheme.
1t Is contended that as both of the great
street-car systems centre at Reservoir
Park that place ought to be made far
more attractive than it now is.
The parks generally. it is believed. will
be greatly improved. More seats will
be provided. and better provision made for
drinking-water. Other conveniences will
be provided.
There is talk. too, OF establishing a
free hathing-n pool at Reservoir Park.
President Ehel has talked with Keeper
Calder about this matter. and Mr.. Calder
thinks the plan can be carried into effect
al comparatively small cost.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-07-12
Deceived Excluded Members.

4 meeting OF representative members
Of the coIored Baptist Churches OF Rich
n7ond ana its vicinity was held at the
Fourth Baptist Church Tuesday evening
10 consider the difficulty between the
Fourth ana the Mt. Olivet Churches.
The former claimed that the latter had
received into fellowship several excluded
members OF the Fourth Baptist church
DR.. \. Binga WIS chosen moderator,
and Rev. w. H Stokes, clerk. The object
Of the call was stated by Rev. E. Payne,
pastor After a long discussion the FOL
lowing resolution. offered by DR.. Z. D.
Lewis, was adopted:
Resolved, That we regard the actions
of the Mt. Olivet Baptist church IN re-
ceiving into fellowship the excluded mem
beers of the Fourth church as unbapustc
and subversive of Christian fellowship;
that the said Mt. Olivet church De ana Is
hereby advised to drop the names OF the
excluded members complained OF; that a
failur, 10 do SO within thirty days shall
render the church corrupt in practice. and
therefore unworthy of our recognition and
Christian fellowship"
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-07-12
SUES ELECTRIC RAIL WAY co.
The Case of John Il. Simmons-City
Hail CourtS.

Hall Courts.
Sarah Jones tcolored), charged with
cutting Robert Giles (aIso coioreul, was
acquitted in the Hastings Court yesterday.
Tobia Smith, charged with breaAlns
into the dwelling-house OF NJ a. Pucineili
ana stealing some jewelry and clothing
was sentenced TO eight Years in the
penitentiary.
The Judge will have a special grand
Jury summoned 10 meet on Monday next
al IL o'clock, for the purpose OF indictins
all parties who have failed TO pay their
license taxes.
a verdict for S22o was rendered IN favor
Of the plaintiff in the case of Mrs. George
G. Hughes against Virginia Gregorys adj
ministrator in the Law and Equity Court
yesterday. Mr. Hill Montague represented
the defendant and Mr.. Jackson Guy ap-
peared for the plaintiff a motion was
made to set aside the verdict.
The case of John Z. Simmons against
the Seven Pines Railway Company was
begun in the City Circuit Court yester-
day Mr.. Simmons is suing for damages
10 the extent of $500 for injuries alleged
TO have been received from one of the
defendant companys cars.
Messrs Smith. Moncure and Gordon are
representing the plaintiff, and Messrs.
Martin & Ainslie and A. 3. Gugon are
defending the railway company. The case
will consume some time before it is COM
pleted.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-07-12
MISS LEVITT WEEDS Mr.. WEINFELO
Pretty alarriase Ceremony Hcri"rh'ea
nj E0rL's Hotel Last Night.

Miss Ophelta Levitt, daughter OF Mt. and
Mrs. Jacob Levitt, Of this city. and MI
Norris Weinfeld. Of New York, WeFe mar
rid at Tortl's Hote! last night by ReN.or.E-
n. Calisch The pariors were decorated IN
white and green.
Miss Esther Lee Levitt. attred IN W'lte
organdta and carrying white roses. ac'so
as maid OF honor. The bride wore an
elaborate gown of white crepe de chine,
with veil TO match. After the ceremony
dinner was served. The couple viii spend
their honeymoon in Atlantic City and other
northern resorts.
Among some OF the guests at the Weo-
ding were Mr.. and Mrs George Il. I-elsh'
Nj Well and Mr.. Schere, Mr.. and Mrs
Jacob Levitt, Mr. and Mrs. j. G. Levitt
Mr. and Mrs e. BottinGheimer Misses
Ielossie, Nettie and HATE Bo.unsAeineE,
Master Manly Bot,ingneime., Nh.
ami Mrs Theodore Nilsson, Nil ana
Mrs Charles ThaIh.mer, Alr. and Mrs,
Leon Walferstein, Miss H5i5n kaufman,
Of baltimore; Ny and Mrs. Lehman, OF
suffolk: Mr.. and Mrs. a. Cohen, Misses
1os;e and Florence Cohen, Mss f. Boitins-
hzin1er Miss Frances Samuels. Miss ran
nia Van Wort Miss Celia FeIhemer sam
ual Rosendort. Miss Annie Bowman, Miss
Dannie Stern. Dr. and Mrs. W. I. Open
himar Mrs. II. S. Hecht, of ba.umoE~,
Mr., and Mrs I.rshfield, of New York, and
nj
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-07-12
United s,arcs Cont of Alexandria

ALEXANDRIA. VA. July 11.-Special.-
The summer term OF the United States
Court for the Eastern District Of Virginia
Judsa Edmund Waddnl presiding, convened
hers at noon to-day.
against the following: r. II. Phillips. man
agar OF the Washington. Arlington and
Falls Church Railroad Company. charged
with removing telephone poles belonging
10 tho COVE r7meni. The offence. il is al
ieget,. was committed during the progress
Of the Spanfsh-Americar war; w H Rich
ards. o: Newport News. charged with cir
c1liatira spurious coin; Cato Lewis (coI-
ored1. charged with pension fraud: T. 3.
Berry. charged with Illicit distiiline
The case OF Gus" Dorsey {coloretI),
charged witt, robbiug the postoftice al
I ,ovettsvlie Va, VIII come up tomorrow.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-07-12
A SPLENDID RECORD.
Figures from the Annual Report of
Postmaster Knight
Postmaster knights annual

Postmaster knights annual report
for the fiscal year ended June
80. 1907 contains some very interesting
figures
During the year the force handled
21,o59SI3 pieces Of firSt-class matter, and
37.l5i.si1 pieces OF al other classes.
This was a big increase. For the fiscal
year ended June 3d. 1900, the amount OF
tirst-class matter was 25.S4+.3 1897 pieces and
all other classes 5,64i,9s1 pieces.
During the fiscal year ended June 80,
1900, the Richmond newspapers paid post
age on 96,042 pounds. while the number Of
pounds for the preceding year was only
Sc, sol.
Some people occasionally have COM
plant to make as 10 eTrols maze in the
delivery of mail A few have an idea
that mistakes occur by the hundreds every
day, Nothing is farther from the truth
A record is kept of all errors. During
the last year a mistake was made only
once in $685. pieces of first-class mail
delivered. the remarkable percentage
being 99.994. In the preceding year an
error was made in 1888 pieces, the per
centage being 1885,
No one has any idea of the trouble the
post-of1ice people have in sending mail
to its destination. They have to contend
with bad writing. post-oiices omitted,
and various other oversignts.
During the last fiscal year the daily
average Of frst-class matter that could
not be properly handled was 26t pieces
Here is what became of this misdirected
matter during the year:
Returned to sender. 90, 10; corrected and
forwarded. 1856 wrong address and sent
20 dead-letter office. 2,949: insufficient
address and sent to dead-letter office.
1871: illegible address and sent To dead
letter office, 144; held for postage, 1851;
Grand total, 5O,711
For al! other classes of mail matter
INSTRUCTED or improperly directed. the
figures make the following showing:
Returned to sender 51150; corrected and
forwarded, $40; wrong address and sent
to dead-le;ter office, 31tt; insufficient
address and sent to dead-letter office,
1881: illegibe address and sent to dead
letter Office al: held for postage. 24t62:
DISPOSED Of as waste, S6.- Grand total,
24i,16t
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-07-12
Officers Installed.

At the regular meeting OF Grove Council
No. 40 j. o. Z. a, NJ, Tuesday evening
senior Past Councillor D. H. Gaines IN
tailed the following officers
Counc:l.or-J. IGdw. Rose
yice-Comctllor.-J. Russell Gentry,
Recording Sscretary.-J- Gavin WI
ASSISTANT Recording secretary.-A. How
ard Thacker.
Financial secretary.-W. L. Lawrence
Treasurer-S, \. Allen.
Conductor.-W. W. Ty.er-
a1vlen-Joseph Conway
Inside Sentinel.-R c. Thomas.
Outside Sentinel. L. Taylor
i,Inior Pas; Counc,llor-L c. Wadrop
Trustees.-Ai. A. Gernlalman, F. c. Ger
neirnan and D. H. Gaines
Representatives to the state Couhcls.-'
c. Weckert and c. a. HILL
Chaplain--L c. Smith.