The daily morning journal and courier., 1900-01-29
MARTINEAU, UNITARIAN.
HIS DE1JH LEA YES 4 GREAT GAP
 INTHE RELIGIOUS BODY.
The Life, Death, Career, and Habits of
 Work ofa Great Religious Leader.

Full of years and revered by all who
 knew him, Dr. Martineau passed away
 on Jan. il at his house, in Gordon
 Square. His death leaves a great gap
 not only in the religious body of which
 he was long the most distinguished
 member, but in the world of letter and
 philosophy. A remarkable life is end
 ed; life of which he himself gave a
 model summary when he said: "On
 looking back over the remembered work
 of fourscore years I find it all summed
 up in the simplest of arts-the unreserv-
 ed expressian of whatever took hold of
 he as most true and good" That might
 be his biography and epitaph.
 He was born on April 21, 1895, at Nor
 wich. His family, of Huguenot descent,
 had long resided there, and had given to ] Norwich some distinguished citizens.
 The Martineaus were descended from
 one Gaston or David Martineau, a
 French surgeon, who with his wife had
 escaped from France at the time of the
 Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, in
 the disguise of peasant, their infant
 son hidden in the panniers of the mule
 which they drove before them.
 Harriet Martineau has left in her me
 1noirs picture of the life in the home
 in which she and her brother were
 brought up. It Is colored by prejudlces
 against her earlier surroundings; but it
 gives a glimpse into a household full
 of sweetness and a spirit of culture,
 and pervaded by an atmosphere in
 which would flourish all that was best and deepest in a youth of parts
 His father, a camlet manufacturer and wine merchant of Norwich, was a man of gentle and refined disposition
 eager to advance the futures of his children so far as his modest means
 permitted. The strong fibre in the na- ture of James Martineau and his sister came from their mother, a daughter of Robert Rankin of Newcastle on Tyne a woman with many gifts and of wig orous character From ten to fourteen young Martineau was educated in the grammar school in the cathedral close. Dr. Parr had once been the headmast- CT; in James Martineau's time the head
 master was MT. Valpy, an excellent scholar, and author of an English Latin grammar much thought of in it's time. It is not unimportant to note that the lad showed at first most aptitude for mathematics. Outside the grammar school there wac much to quicken and expand his thoughts. The Norwich of those days was very different from an ordinary provincial town. pr. Parr had been the lifelong friend of the Martain- eaus, and the boy must have listened to the stimulating eccentric talk of William Taylor, to Mrs. Opie, pr. Ald- erson, and Sir James Smith the botan- jet dannpSt na r1aet In came from pr. Lant Carpenter, whose school at Bristol was for many years held in high esteem among Dissenters. Of the two years which he spent there Dr. Martineau always spoke with en- thusiasm. "So forcibly, indeed, did that period act upon me--so visibly did it | determine the subsequent direction of | my mind and lot, that it always stands before me as the commencement of my present life, making me feel like a man without childhood He was intended | to be a civil engineer, and in fact he actually spent a considerable time in the workshop of MT Fox at Derby 1 But the bent of his nature was too strong to be turned aside. He loved | books; he loved speculation, and his was deep spiritual nature. You are ' courting poverty" said the father when the lad talked of becoming a minister. He was not to be dssuaded. At eight cen he entered Manchester New Col lege, which was then at York. He | threw himself into the study of theolo- gy and philosophy He was the favorite pupil of his tutors-Mr Kendrick and Mr. Wellbeloved. For a year he re- turned to act as assistant to his old master, Dr. Lant Carpenter, and to en- joy a society of which Dr. Prichard, au- thor of the Physical History of Man. wae the chief light.
 At twenty-three he was chosen iun- for minister of Presbyterian-more properly Unitarian-church in Eustace street, Dublin. There is extant report of the address or confession of faith which he made on the occasion of his ordination. It is plain, unpretending, emphatic. More characteristic of the future teacher is a discourse coming down from these early days on the du- ties, of Christians in an age of con troversy, where he, then beginning to feel the influence of Chapping, and to move away from the old forms of Uni taught the moral influence of mental error" He soon made his mark. His preaching was admired for its freshness. The tutorial work which he carried on his house was successful. Ther was a great future before him had he cared to remain in Dublin. But vari- ous reasons, particularly his objection to accepting the Regium Donum or an- nual allowance made by the Crown to the Presbyterian churches of Ireland in duced him to seek change, and in 1892 he responded to call to Paradise Chap el, Liverpool Soon he became known far beyond his congregation, and the Unitarian body began to understand that they possessed in the brilliant young preacher, whose head was full of new ideas, one of the teachers of the { age. In 1840 he was appointed Professor of Mental and Moral Philosophy in Man chester New College, an office which he { held until 1884. From 1S40 to 1849 was ( an active period of his life He exercis- sd much influence by his writings, and scarcely less by his personal teaching I His articles in The Prospective Review and his sermons in Paradise street t Chapel were admired, Still, had Dr.