davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1900-09-19
WHERE poIe THE svN's neAr GO ,
cen Eserey Bs Completely Dissipssed IN
This Universsf

THIS Univefeef
According TO the ordinary view the
sun is constantly radiating heat in all
directions, and, ! think, Il is gener-
ally supposed that only n small por-
tion OF this heat encounters material
bodies Mt any distance, however great.
If so, the question arises, What be-
comes OF the residue? Physical re-
search leads us to believe that heat
cannot be destroyed, but only trans-
formed; yet many persons seem 10
think that this heat vanishes like ~
ghost without transformation and
without producing any effect. This
may be so. but il is so much opposed
20 physical analogies that we should
be slow to accept It unless ON the ba-
sis OF definite observations which, I
think, II will be admitted are not at
present forthcoming.
Nor can We confine the question 20
the sun. thc loss OF radiant hest
must Ton the theory which ] am now
considering extend to all the stars.
\ larger portion OF the heat OF some
OF them is no doubt intercepted by
other bodies. but some of IL must es.
cape-vanish. The whole universe is
losing heat; or at least it Is losing
motion, for the supply Of heat may be
temporarily kept up by the conversion
Of motion into heat (as. for example
by n bombardment of meteorites)
But that good part OF the radiant
hnnt xrnYNtg1,pu In~.a,,g,.a. a. A,i
amount Of force OF heat and it's equiv
alcnts-in the universe, seems to be a
common opinion. This theory, how.
ever for OF course everything on the
subject is theory, will strike many OF
your readers ms unsatisfactory for
physical, not metaphysical or thcolog
ical reasons. But IL this heat be moi
lost, what becomes Of it?
If the suns rays and those Of the
stars always met with some material
body, however great its distance
might he, the problem would bc
solved; there would be no loss OF heat
TO the universe. The sun may Mt pres
cnt be radiatlnc moro than II receives
and, consequently. cooling; hut In
travelling through space It may reach
other regions In which these condi
tions will be reversed. But It seems
plain that " this he the case. the
greater part Of the bodies which en-.
counter the solar heat are dark bodies
or else that there is an absorption OF
light in passing through the ether
Such an absorption OF light and heat
by the ether-as maintained. believe
by the great observer Struve-would
equally solve the problem; for the
light and heat thus absorbed oould
not be lest and would probably I've
given back by the ether to material
bodies in some manner not yet traced
Otherwise, II would change the PROP
ertiee Of The ether.
A third possible alternative fs that
radiation, like gravltstiop. only acts
between material bodies, and that.
though, like sravitation. II acts on a
material body in any direction and fol.
lows II in all its movements, there is
no expenditure OF force in the direc-
tions in which no material body 10 en-.
countercd. On this theory also there
would he no loss of heat. There
would only be an interchange Cd the
same kind as II every heat ray ultl!
mately encountered material body.
w. ii. +. Eonck. in knowledge.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1900-09-19

Ths consumption of tea in the Unit
ted States was estimated at S0000,0O0
pcsnds in 1890; Great Britain and Ire
land, S4,500.000 pounds; Russia,
s7,55o000 pounds. and Canada.
22,a0s 900 pounds. In coffee, the past
year, IL In estimated that the con
sumption in the United States was
7iz,224, 600 pounds.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1900-09-19

Machines In watch factory will cut
screws with $50 threads to an inch.
These threads arc Invisible to tho
naked eye. and It takes 144,0o0 screws
to make pound. A pound Of them 10
worth SIX pcrnds weight cf pure gold
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1900-09-19

"srhere has never been a time when
the coatlcss man has not been found
with us. He Is to be found in the
mills and factories; in the fields and
the mincs-everywhcrc, indeed, where
hard labor is expected Of mankind.
He does not stop to ask what conven-
tioR dccrccs with respect to either
coat, collar or vest. He just takes
tt,ea Off, says the Philadelphia Inquir-
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1900-09-19

Bsng before school boards were es-
tablished in England, Canadian child
rem were instructed free Of cost be-
tween the ages Of z and ~. This edu-
catisn Ia compulsory.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1900-09-19

The london papers are gravcly
pointing out, as n result of the onarch-
istts troubles, that Patterson, N. j..
eugbt to be closely watched" This
is placing I'm an elevated position the
city heretofore known to fame M "the
bcsS circus town in the country"
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1900-09-19
N IN better to be sensible than tech
nf,aly correct.

Betty Green is said TO be studying
stesography. II is not suspected that
she Intends 10 add to her income by
takiss y salnried position.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1900-09-19

" there Is no tranquility in the ideal
home without domestic economy.
there can be also no good temper and
happiness without the thrift that ends
in saving. 1t is not alone necessary
10 spend no more than your income:
ID " equally obligatory TO save a por-
Non OF 1t for future emergencies. The
man who has not the fortitude to
avoid consuming every year all
his earnings of the year does
not deserve an ideal home. To he
solvent, man should have sulfi-
cie0t earnings saved and invested to
meet the inevitable rainy day which
GENES in one form or another TO every
Individual and every family. claims n
writer In the Christian Register. TO
be honorable to his marriage VOWS, IL
man should have some provision made,
in the form of n life insurance for the
support OF his wife and family, should
death suddenly overtake him.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1900-09-19

The superiority of American agrl-
cultural implements and the enterprise
ef American implement makers has
carried them into 10 many
fsraway parts OF the ear'h
where fertile farming lands are to be
found that is verltsble surprise
when any extensive region Is dis
covered where they are not represent
81 and which offers new market
Such one seems to have been dis
covered by Consul Davis OF Alexand-
retta, in Asia Minor, who calls atten-
tion to recent report to the fact that
in late tour through the interior he
was much impressed with the lack Of
proper methods OF farming. The re-
sion Is fertile plain OF nearly 2OOO
square miles, hut plowing Ia mostly
done w'th II sharp stick. pointed with
iron. while the harvesting Is with a
sickle and the tbrcshing by beating
cit the grain with oxen or horses
drawing short sledge. The consul
states that light cheap plow which
could be easily drawn by a pair Of
oxen would find II ready sale. while
he is sure that very important bust
ness could be built In light threshers
especially adapted to the needs of the
country. The steam power thresher
ought not to be of more than two
horsepower, easily transferable on
wheels by one or two horses, with
engine and boiler attached, the arc-
box being especially designed TO burn
straw. He states that tlreshers Of
this kind. operated by horse or steam
power, could be sold by the hundreds
every year To the small farmers In that
part OF the world. IA the country IL
comparatively well populated, Ia fairly
prosperous. and the success which
would attend the operating OF one
threshef would Induce others to buy
The evening times., 1900-03-05

amounts merely to this. that no constitu-
tional rights extend to the psople of terri
tory outside of the component States of
the Union, except as the same may have
been or may be conferred by Congress
with the approval of the President. The
opinion carefully lodges the basic decision
of the Supreme Court in the Loughborough
case, that the Constitution, ex proprio
vigore, extends wherever the sovereignty
of the United States extends-a decision
which has been reaffrmed in every peril
nent case since. In short, the argument is
nothing better than the special plea it is
intended to be- and is carefully constructed
70 satisfy the OIL sugar, tobacco. and
rum trusts, that the Administration not
only intends to stand by them, in spite of
constitutional prohibitions, but that it
may have a law leg to stand on, with
some hope that the Supreme Bench might
tury for their benefit
If the Magoon opinion, and ether dew ces
of eognate character should chance to be
sufficient to quiet the fears of the trusts,
and loosen their purse strings for cam
qaign purposes, all that the Adm nistration
expects will be accomplished. 1t may be
possible to keep a test case from reaching
the Supreme Court before the Presidential
election, but oDe will get there finally. and
MIR. Mckinley. Mr.. Root, and Mr.. Hama
know thoroughly well that when that &C.
ours the whole Republican pan OF insu ar
loot and oppression in the interests of the
trusts and mOnopolies will be defeated asd
denounced. There is one institution in tais
country with authority TO warn the Presi-
dent and Congress that they are not great
er than the fundamental law, from which
alone their powers are derived; that
they have none not expressly conferred by
the Constitution, and that the creature is
not Independent of and superior to the
creator.
The evening times., 1900-03-05
Diet and Health.

A meeting of the Vegetarian So,iety,
held in New York last "Wednesday evening,
was enliyened by the advent of a visitor
whose experiences overtopped anything
that the most jealous friends of the cult
could offer in behalf of their theory of sus-
tenance. At the conclusion of MIR. George
Donaldson lecture on Food and Nutri-
tion," certain DR.. Thomas arose, and. in
the course of his remarks, declared that as
the result Of living on vegetable diet he
had attained such strength that he cou d
run for an indefinite period Of time, and
had lifted fourteen hundred and fifty
pounds. He neither wears an overcoat ncr
underclothing, and on one occasion had
walked without socks. wearing loosely
snow, without suffering in any degree from
cold feet. He fortified the plausibility of
his statements by admitting that he was
not immune against catching cold. but
claimed not to suffer any of the debilitating
effects which usually follow.
1t was not alone in the benefits derived
from vegetable diet that he outclassed
lutISSlNcS, Uul ne
his regimen TO the extent of eating only
uGcooked food The economy which he
was able to practice makes the sum OF
money on which Mr.. Edward Atkinson esti-
mated that a man could live appear prodi-
gal in its extravaganza, the New York die
tician claiming TO have subsisted three
months on raw wheat. at total cost of
one dollar. No wonder that the omni-
present Citizen Train arose and said, 81
don't wear underclothes. but take off my
hat to Thomas"
Almost simultaneously with the delivery
OF Dr. Thomas testimony, one OF the
periodical fanatics who attempt TO emulate
DR.. Tanner broke a fast of thirty-fre days
by yielding to the seductive aroma of an
orange 1t awakened an appetite which,
to the claim of the experime ntal-
list, had entirely passed away. He had
undertaken TO abstain from food entirely
for forty days, with view to reducing his
corpulency and building up his general !.
health. That he had succeeded in reduc-
ing his weight was obvious enough, but
The evening times., 1900-03-05
E~adinr Besnonsibtlitv.

In order to bolster up the untenable DO
sition of the Administration. that Congress
is a supreme and irresponsible power, su-
perIor to and independent Of its creator.
the Constitution Of the United States. in its
treatment OF American territory not organ
ized into States, Mr.. Charles E. Magoon
law officer of the Division of Insular AZ
fairs. has submitted a written opinion, on
the legal status OF the territory and in
habitants OF the former Spanish islands ac-
quired by the United States
As an authority on constitutional law
great enough to reverse the decisions of
chief Justice Marshall and the Supreme
Court from 1920 to the present day. Mr..
Magoon bursts upon startled world with
the reverberation of a parlor match which
is stepped on. Just why a really great
lawyer like the Hon. Elihu Root should re-
quire the wisdom Of his subordinate in this
correction is perhaps a question likely to
be answered according TO the taste of the
answerer. OF one thing we may be sure
The astute Secretary of War may possibly
need such opinions in his political business.
but he has too much respect for his repu-
tation as lawyer to write them himself.
The Magoon antic is only another 'Teots''
letter Of the kind some time ago addressed
to dear Mr.. Dick" II may seem neces-
ssry TO Mr.. Root to lend his countenance
ard influence to a scheme of aggression up-
on suffering American humanity, and In
open and defiant violation of the Constitu-
tion, but IL he does this, ii will be as the
paid advocate, as in the case when
he defended William NJ. Tweed and did not
stop at much in the interests of his client;
and not as a man who knows the Constitu-
tion and law, and in his personal capacity
retains some respect for them both from
legal and a moral point of view.
Mr.. Magoon's argument is not new. It
The evening times., 1900-03-05
A SCHOOL LAW CASE ENDED.
An Interesting Decision Rendered in
West Virginia.

MARTINSBURG, w Va. March g
Judge Faulkner. at a special term OF court
held at Berkeley Springs on Friday, hand
ed down a decision of interest in regard
to the existing school law in West Virginia
in the case OF the American Book Com
pany VS.. the Sheriff OF Morgan county.
The Board OF Education of Sleepy Greek
district. in Morgan county, elected in 1898.
did not qualify within the required time.
and the county superintendent under the
law appointed members of the vacancies.
The former board held over by virtue Of
the law until their successors had quail
fed. but they would not recognize the ap-
pontees of the county superintendent as
their qualified successors. Orders were
given by those holding over or the sheriff,
which orders ne refused to recognize.
hence the suit.
Judge Faulkner decided that those hold
ing over had right to hold over until
their successors had qualified; that the
failure of those elected to qualify within
the required time created a vacancy; that
the county superintendent had right to
fll the vacancies by appointment; that his
appointees. legally qualified. constituted
the board. and that they only could exer-
else its powers.
The evening times., 1900-03-05
SAN JOSE SCALE IN GERMANY
Efficient Scientists Carefully Exam
inc American Exported Fruit.

Simon ". Harauer. Vice Consul General
to Frankfort. has written the State De-
partment respecting the San Jose scale in
Germany as follows:
Nothing has been said of this insect
for months in German papers. 1t has not
yet made its debut in live condition in
the FatherIand. thus confirming the opin-
ion of experts that the climatic conditions
OF Germany are not suited to it's perpetual
tion; but. while the false alarm concern
ing the introduction and ravages OF the
San Jose scale has vanished. its i'll effects
in the nature OF administrative measures
against the import of American fruit have
Continued. and the hardship Of these pro-
scriptive ordinances are making them
selves so acutely felt that German trade
circles and consumers are beginning to
protest. The Chamber of Commerce Of
Hamburg. one of the most important trade
bodies of Germany. in its lately published
annual report, says on this subject:
The station which last year was OPEN
ed in this city for the purpose Of iRyesti-
eating the presence of the San jose scale
on American fruit has a laboratory where
two scientifically trained experts with
fourteen assistants. have steadily pursued
these investigations in the most circun-
spect manner. While there may not be
any objection to examining raw fruit
the continuation Of investigations in re-
gard to dried fruits must be considered
an utterly unnecessary hindranca to trade.
The sanitary experts. whom the Imperial
Government Department of Health. as
well as the Belgian Government, sent last
year to California, have fully confirmed
the statements made by German fruit i'm
porters that the drying methods in use in
the United States effeCtually kill the in
sects. Therefore, the scales found on
dried fruit from america were dead The
trade suffers great damage from the ex-
animation, stricter here than elsewhere
and this chamber Of commerce regrets that
this unnecessary annoyance and harmful
practice was not at once discontinued
when the facts become known. We have
sent an urgent petition to the authorities
praying for immediate action
The evening times., 1900-03-05
A SUIT AGAINST ARMOUR.
4 Butcher Takes Advantage of n
Rapid Rise in Meat Prices.

SIOUX CITY, Iowa. March 5.-J. NJ.
-Ralya, of Sioux City, butcher, has filed
a suit against Armour &c Co.. of Chicago,
claiming damages in the sum of s175, 600
alleged to be due on account OF the pack
ing company's failure to fulfill the terms
OF a contract.
In May, 1899, an agent of the Armour
Company made a contract with Ralya un-
der the terms of which the packing COM
pany agreed to furnish the Sioux City man
with fresh meat at a fixed price, the con-
tract to run to September 80, 1899. The
packing company filled orders until about
August 1, when the price of pork loins
went up to almost double the contract
price. Then it was Ralya began taking
orders for a large amount and called upon
Armour to deliver the meats to him. Ar
mour refused and Ralya now has sued Ar
mour for the difference.
The evening times., 1900-03-05
DROWNED IN PAGAN CREEK.
Three Sailors Perish Through the
Ipsetting of Their Boat.

SUFFOLK, Va. March 5.-As the result
of a yawlboat capsizing at Battery Park,
about twenty-five miles from Suffolk, in
Isle of Wight county. three men were
drowned in Pagan Creek, an estuary of
James River, yesterday. A fourth was
dragged to the bottom in sixteen feet of
water. but managed TO escape the death
grasp Of the victims and swim ashore,
about fifty yards from the scene of the ac-
cdent.
The drowned are John Fingan. of the
schooner Naniway; Calvin NettIes. of the
pungy Thomas Gibbons, and Will Brown,
of the sloop John Williams. The last nam
ed is colored The men were sailors on
craft anchored at Battery Park and had
gone ashore early in the morning The
creek there is about one fourth of a mile
wide On the return trip the men. by some
sort OF reckless Joke turned the boat over
The weather was almost calm. All the
bodies were recovered whisky bottle
was found on one of the corpses Last night
three bodies lie in the little village await
ing word as to their disposition. One OF
the men drowned Nettles. is said to have
lived in Matthews county Va. Unless
there is suspicion of foul play the author
titles will not order an inquest.
The evening times., 1900-03-05

whether fasting. as he maintained, had
strengthened his heart, frightened his
brain, quickened his circulation. and ac-
tually improved his eyesight" is, to say
the least, open to conjecture. The fact
which he was seeking to establish by this
long period of abstinence was that we eat
too much.
The experiences of such men as these are
by no means without value The scien-
tiic world bears abundant testimony to
the fact. But the hypothesis of neither
can be carried very far without a reductio
ad absurdum. Health by starvation is
contradiction in terms. The deleterious
effects of gluttony are beyond all doubt
or discussion, but there is an equal intem-
perance in abstaining from food for any
considerable time, since the stomach. de-
prived of aliment must feed upon itself
So far as vegetariansm is concerned, no
more can be conceded than that there are
certain systems which do not crave, nor
perhaps. require meat diet. but the entire
physiological development of man must be
altered before vegetable food can become
the exclusive pabulum of a people. Our
assimilatiye structure is that of q
carniyorous animal. The fact that its
functions are seriously disturbed
when it is supplied with food differ
ing materially from that to which it has
been accustomed is demonstrated by the
unsuccessful attempts to administer nu-
triment in highly condensed form for any
great length of time. Although every es-
sential element of sustenance is present,
tho process Of extracting such elements
for itself has become so indispensable to
the digestive organs that the concentrated
food produces nausea and if persisted in
sometimes proves fatal.
The human race as a whole is not yet
organized for an exclusively vegetarian
diet. and it is in all probability only
through long period of evolution and
adaptation that such an end can be at
tanned.
The evening times., 1900-03-05
4 A. WEST VIRGINIA WRECK.
Brakeman Falls Beneath the
ga Wheels nnd Is Killed.

laa Wheels and Is Killed.
ELKINS. w. Va, March 5.--A disastrous
wreck occurred Saturday night at 10
o'clock on the West Virginia Central and
Pittsburg Railway at Maple Run, w. Va.
George w. McCreary, of Cumberland.
brakeman on the wrecked train. lost his
life at Waldman. four miles south of Ma
pie Run. He was not missed until after
the wreck. and it was thought he was
buried under the debris. Later his body,
horribly mutilated from number of cars.
two engines. and the riggers train passing
over it, was found. The train is said to
have run away and eleven cars loaded with
coal and coke, jumped the track, three Of
them being immense pressed steel hoppers.
The crash was terrific after the flight down
the grade, and the track was so badly torn
that il required nearly twenty four hours
to open il. The trouble was started by
loose wheel under one of the steel cars.
1t is not known how McCreary came to
fall but probably from sudden jerk while
he was drawing brake. The car with the
loose wheel was one of the first to pass
over him. Four miles north of the point
where he fell his watch was picked off
Deam OF one OF the steel cars ana was sun
running. The fearful jam and the jarring
incident to restoring the cars to the track
had not dislodged it. The only damage to
the watch was broken crystal.
McCreary was a son of Baggagemaster
Francis McCTeary, of the Pennsylvania
Railroad. residing at Ellerslie, Allegany
county. He was twenty-one years of age
and on December rs last was married TO
Miss Louise knight, daughter of Oliver
Knight, OF Westernport. He belonged to
the Order Of Railway Trainmen. His body
was taken to Ellerslie this evening. He
resided in Cumberland.