The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-12-02
,.c,,,o,, I'D. Of .,.o,,,c,,, to understand them.

technical .ide Of electricity 10 understand them.
z used and the motor. employed In moving
| tho carriage are 90 oct a. Ia give aiyr"ds vary
Ing from one-hAlf knot TO a. knots lhe-e
f foErS.sr@es h'fo ' esS%r's. tho ny {csrsp"Sn ssiih
u di-placament ~ i,sSO tons made 10 En"ts
on her .trlnl 4. coftsslondlng, sreed i",,a
twchty-fpot model 81 the IorhtoNn we
basin would b. In knots The m 10 siuufi
sperd ~ wIic0 ne carriage IL oil ahI" - "pou'
~ knots In q run ~ about NSl t1"i .,,
II will boz z"cn thnt . machine weight N',ull'
| thirtN-nv" ton, aud suius ~ Tie ~
knots an hour VIM, short si",' 'l I'N- ,n"n
Sp fcct needs powerful brakes to- s'ui % li'I"
are thr," way. q stopping ~" On f''s, ~
~ las-cs over the tank on" T. hN 'H' Ol'k
current ~ the driving motors. Which ,u.pnS
the c~arriug" to b' stopIrd more uutcl'' NAN
IL l. starfrd Another u"itud ~ -iou'llr
il iud"taudrut ~ tho %"loctrtc current was Oh
Yiou-iy n"c,S.rry MS l. don" hy flIll',
friction hrHk'a are II IA" end ~ tie tank aug
Il hrs been found TINT a pressure" ~ ~ "nhu'
Ia tho guar" inch will bting the ~onrrts~ %
% fll stop from ~. MAXIMUM sl''u Nl,uIn
a Gt.'anc' ~ les than twenty f"t 1hesr
brakes hrvr . rr'ssgi" lower oi roo Iolius
tu 'rc square Incl. Ia case ~" ! ictl"u btdk's
should fpil there Is still 4 hvdrauic "mctg'hty
hraa, rhioi i r"Id, Tor action, Nl"i"N'f ne
h,sio t. mn 1li- hrlk. would go into play
al orcn -ip'i'd the CUfTugc lIung" ihfonEh
no rIrii,r hrakr without bong arrested. I!'
hydraulic cylinder - this brak" II below u"
water ,vpi and there arc no moving pNTl'
| notion. T1r's II nj, hrak" are, botod into
rlnco hv flstorirrs that wouh De hrok"n i
The brake should come into action; what WouIu
happen In mi, case has never bHcn shown
bec1usn tho brake has never been tried
b. ne n" t s2mS ald Inc r.G mS SkkIIr,:g Of fh% mro,daylss Il tie
VESSELS was the n,xt work, Of importtanc" In
other countri.s tie models 'csted In tgess
nm 5,or are ,om nnnrii tire n'S of W ,shinston would
not permit tho us" Of ~rlraflue for vessel fnod's,
and hence z subs'l'm,e Y"s hnc'stirg MnT.
ia shn pa better than p~arnnine during weather
changes and L. many Tines stronger VIE
wo2d L more diNicn,t H ,Lt III rban nh rayS AM fG aas sbSsa
diNcIltlps I'M vn been overcome bv the Use II
snaclal macliuerv. Although II ts harder to
iss Of a sraclai Kind II varui,f has. obvlated
that dlncnltv. II IL customary In, other coun-
tiles TO make the models ,,,'rt iw-ive ieeIIomg
with The larger tank AZ W ,shinston ,owGygr:
Il was decided to make models ,tTenty, t""t long
and thus make the gap 90 b" b,ids"n p'tw'%h
model and shin less tn" mathematical ehI-
with y tweut"-fOot model.
In the experiments thus far in Wellington
tho plau has boon adopted Of securing five
resistance curves, for each model 40 It /. PRO
PEELED through the water at varying, speei1.
The first curve i at NE naTinn o;IiIn'e'9Trbm tn
second curve II with tho trim 81 the model
| changed four inches Mt the bow, Tho third
curve IS Wit! H. M ton ,Tlp &c sh Ti,S he ,"T model atG' made
10 rer cont. lighter and the eth, Is with tho
model made 10 per cent heavier than the nor,
NAL nlslliIftptiN his - Nlflh "a "a w
| pnulied will tha Yorktown models. Mr.. TAYLOR
sums up thus the interesting data secured from
this experiment.
and stern settle. A. these speeds FOR sons
| moiels the bow settles somewhat more rapidly
than ,he t S,s,H' far G 'bs sr4 sa' ,n ntTtn eT he
bow gradually cease~ 20 settle. then begins to
rise rather rapidly. The rather rapid rise
level. and il the speed is pushed high enough
| ris.a above it. With the DEVELOPMENT 81 a
| rising .ndsncy for the bow. the stern develops
| suit is that the centre OF the model invariably
settles when under way. As the speed m
creaso4 the rate Of settlement may, diminish
and a tendency to rise again may be developed,
hut In no case has this tendency beon strong
| enough az maximum speed 70 nearly restore
The fact that a model at speed settles bodily
with reference to its saltwater position does
not ne:e.sariiy imniy sre1'e level ,mm srorn5 mn In
| model Ia disturbed nv the passage ofthe model"
The making Of the models isa delicate opera
ton. Through an Instrument known as aneido-
rrsph paper sections Of the body plan Of \
given ship are obtained. These are used for
patterns for wooden cross sections These
strips Of wood nailed 10 them The wood /.
smoothed OF and a miniature former model Of
the Ds shiaR In Il ii rs ss,n %a snd .I1. to e. form 9iseT mc cGsi
inches thick The former-model and this block
are q ro lien rolls over the torner.model and by
bala need work n saw. propelled by electricity
and driven at about 2 900 revolutions a minute.
goes over the block Of wood making an exact
dnplicate Of the fo~rmer-model and, Of course,
a model 81 the ship. This model IA measured
before being taken IN the. experiment basin
md a BODY plan drawn. This IL checked with
tho original plan and thus the accuracy OF the
model "a proved hovond doubt
The models resemble tho original ships onlv
in the outline of tie bulls. Ihev are not fg-
iShad like ships. except as 10 tho outer skin.
Tho trials thus far have been on the weight
princlple A model by this system is~ supposed
10 represent n certain tonnage rather than a
certain draught Ballast l. placed Inside the
models according as the weight IL 70 he fyed
The model to he tried ia lifted into place by
electric cranes II = toved undor tho carriage
IA n clides over the water Pointers attached
10 the carriage drop down into the model at
each end in such a way ms 10 give II the same
directl0n as the carriage and an even rat. 81
motion II also gives the model sufficient play
~ rise and fail or to change trim as II goes
along and feels the effect Of the waves or 81
he accelerated speed Ot course there are
tho u.ral indicators 70 mark the speed and 10
record the elements Of time and distance Tho
distance pencil records contact with little
rins placed 800 feet along the track This
and simplii'os the mathematical calculations.
The carriage IA equipped with l lot OF delicate
Instruments which noed not be described.
Sufficient has been said n give some indication
OF the delicacy Of the work Of testing and Of
making tho models and also Of the important
part this tank IL 20 nlav henCeforth ia the Gre
- 81 - a.. a. ii tataa