davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Barre evening telegram. (Barre, Vt.) 1898-19??, 1900-01-19
FOR SALE.

FOR SALE.---A one or two-horse traverse
Sleigh with Pole. }. II. George, 90 Elm st.
Barre evening telegram. (Barre, Vt.) 1898-19??, 1900-01-19
LOST ARD FOUND.

LOST-Betwen Barre and Washington Jan,
1st, Il dark brown all wool shawl. finder please
notify Barre and Chelsea stage driver. and
receive reward. Orman DenniSon. 23)-t-f
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-10-24
DR.. WHARTON INDICTED.
The Grand Jury Found Three True
Bills Against Him.
<By Associated Prcss.>

FREEHOLD. y T.. Oct. 23,-Three in
dictments against Rev. DR.. Henry NJ.
Wharton, the evangelist, OF Baltimore.
who was charged with fraud and taking
money Illegally. were handed up to-day
by the Monmouth county grand jury.
Dr. Wharton is charged by Miss Clara
Somers. of Ocean Grove, with having OBJ
tanned money under false pretenses. Miss
Souers transferred property 70 Mr.. Whar-
ton to be used as d nome for children
She had the Doctor arrested upon a
charge of raising money by mertsagins IL.
His friends asserted that there was some
mistake.
DR.. Wharton, through his attorney.
states that there is really one mortgage
on the orphauage property. that of ss,G0d
This. he says. covers primarily personal
effects and real estate IN Baltimore more
than sufficient TO pay 1t, and the mortgage
on the Somers property is only as col
lateral security. There was Il mortgage
of s2,0e1 on the property. he says, when
ne took 1t, which was tc.-hstve been taken
IN by the mortgages IN the latter trans
action
Dr. Wharton declares that his arrest is
the result of a conspiracy against MIN in
stigated by residents of Baltimore. Since
his arrest t1e has been IN receipt of n,tner-
ous letters and kilograms offering aid. No
date has yet been set for the trial!
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-10-24
MARRIED BY RAIN.
Elements Could Not Dampcn EntEu-
s,:,sm of Audiences,
y,,,, .rroc;o.od rrcss

BALTIMORE. October 23.-W. j. Bryan
devoted the entire day to speech king
in Maryland, speaking in succession at
Rockville. Frederick, Bruceriile. Union
Bridge, New Windsor Westminster, and
in this city this evening. The Rockville
meeting was the only one Of the day that
was not 1narred by rain.
On account of the downpour most of the
meeting We're cut short, but the crowds
in each case remained until Mr. Bryan had
concluded his remarks.
The greeting extended to Mr.. BRYAN on
his arrival here this evening and during
the meetings held outside and inside Of
Music Hall, We're limited in numbers only
by the capacity of the places in which the
meetings were held, and in enthusiasm
only by the ability of the immense crowds
TO give exI.ressicn<io 10 II. If was raining
gently hut steadily when the special train
bearing the Democratic Presidential can
ditiate pulled into Union Station an hour
late. but this did not prevent the assem-
blage of q crowd of fully l0,e0e persons
about the depot A parade was formed
and Mr.. Bryan drove at :ts head to the
Hotel Rennert whore he dined With seve-
raj Democratic leaders, including former
United States Senator Arthur p German,
governor John Waller Smith and Mayor
Haves of this city.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-10-24
Officer Forced The Fair Widow TO
Step Aside.
THE DAY SPENT IN MARYLAND.
Most OF the Meetings Cut Short on
Account OF Rain, but the Clowds
in Each Case Remained Until
Mr.. Bryan Concluded His
Remarks = Big Rally
in Baltimore.
Especial Dispatch to The Times.)

BALTIMORE, MD. October 23.-Mrs.
Emma Berger, a lady of fortg-fve years.
residing at Ne. 1902 East Preston Street,
forced her way on The stand outside Music
Hall in this city tonight just before Mr..
Bryan began TO speak. As the chairman Of
the meeting was making the opening ad-
dress Mrs. Berger advanced towards Nj.
Bryan. grasped his right hand il hers, and
engaged in conversation with him, in
which she said:
Il am the widow of a Democrat, and I
wish 10 God my husband was here to-
night. ] said that / would see you to-
night or die, and ] am glad to shake your
hand and will be proud Of the honor Of
kissing you
Mr. Bryan was sssn to start, an amazed
look aoversprsad his countenarce and he
smiled in a manner which betrayed en-
barrassment. Just then an officer tapped
the woman an the shoulder and said:
Madam. excuse me: you must stand
aside" The woman. with some difficulty,
, was pulled away from Bryan.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-10-24
Employe CT First National Bark of
New York twenty Years.
EXTENDED OVER A Ions PERIOD,
The Def.lcatious Have Been skiifully
Conceived Through Manipuia-
tion of Balance Eook-Discov-
cry Made Few Days After
Completion of ENansina-
ton by US. Examiners
nr Assaciated rress.l

NEW YORK. Octobsr s3-Charles L.
Alvord, Jr. noe teller of the First Ma
tional Bank of this city, is a fugitive and
defauIter 20 the extent of $4,000.
The announcement of the defalcation.
which was made this afternoon, created
the utmost excitement in the financial dis
trict of the city, but the well known sta
b!lfty of the First National Bank ana a
statement issued by the bank had a quiet
ing effect. This statement was follows:
"The note teller. who has been in the
employ of the First National Bank for
mauy years, Is defaulter 20 a large
amount His operations have continued
for a considerable time, and have been
sililfulty concealed through ma7ipria-
ton of his balance book. The discovery
was made by one OF the banks employees
a few DAYS after the completion OF an eX-
animation OF the bank ny the United States
Examiners. DurinS the continuance OF MS
peculatons periodical examinations nave
been made by several distinct CORPS oil
examiners representing the Comptroller 5
Department. al expert accountants, and
the bank has also had frequent lndepea-
dent examinations, neither of when mas
developed any irregtfiarity. The asSre-
gate OF the false. entries. amounting 10
see. .O0O has been charged off o5! me BOOKS
of the bank on of the reserve fund. with
oi,7 1fr,in.s!,;n. the surplus and profits OF
the bank as reported IN It's iast pVo-
lished statement. .,
1T is expected that thc shortage will
ne materially reduced by Il substantial
sum. of which there is fair prospect OF
recovery
TRUSTED EMPLOYE.
AIvord had been with the bank for tVe-l-
t,,oc one of me most trusted
men in tie institution. His stealinss eX-
tended over q long period. but no sus-
picion of the truth was known until ten
days ago wnen he sent word that he was
i'll at his home
After he had been away for day or
two the bank put experts at work anu
some Irregularities were found. As the
experts delved de per and despe: INTO
AIvcr,'. books the extent of the robbery
began to dawn on the officers until they
wera overwhelmed TO find that it reached
the enormous figure of Sife,000 Whether
that sum is all that he took is not yet
known.
1t has not yet developed how the note
teller was able TO put his hands on SO
muCtl money. but one of the directors is
reported to have said that Alvord was
enabled to take such a large sum because
as note teller he was in charge of the
mail This he opened every morning and
he had ample opportunity to abstract
notes. drafts and checks as well as money
| OF course. he had to be especially skilfus
to make his account balance.
This director admitted that he was at
| n loss to account for the failure of the
bank examiners to discover AIvorti's ir-
resularities at their last examination
Forest Raynor is in charge of the Ma
| tionaI Bank Examiners office here WHAT
| Alvord die. with all the cash is also a
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-10-24
TRAIN LOADS OF
TOBACCO ALONE
The Southern Railway Handles the
Largest Shipment That Was
Ever Brought to Richmond.

Ihe American Tobacco Company is re-
ceiV:ng over the Southern Railway from
Danville the largest shipment of tobacco
:nord.
The shipment consists of 1,eol hogs
heads, l,i30 OF which have been received,
and stored at the stemmery of the COM
pany at Twenty-fifth and Cary Streets.
This tobacco is being removed from Dan
vile, in order to make way for an all
tobacco cigarette manufacturing plant.
which Will be established in that city at
an early date.
This immeacc amount of tobacco will
require in transportation 152 cars, and is
being brought mere by special trains. Mr..
Thomas ]. Walker, general manager of
the American Tobacco Company here ha
been busily engaged, for the last week
making storage room for the shipment
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-10-24
MEETING OF THE
VIRGINIA SYNOD
Rev. A. H. Hamilton, Of steeIe's
Tavern, Elected Modefator-Dr.
Moore's Valuable Sermon.
Especial Dispatch to 'rhs Times.}

NEWPORT NEWS. VA, October %
The Synod of Virginia met III the First
PRESBYTERIAN Church of this city at
o'ciocl, this evening. The opening sermon
was preached by Rev. DR.. w w Moore
Of Union Theological Seminary. of Rich
mond, the Moderator of the synod Dr..
Moore took for his text |. Samuel, 5:2O-
And all Israel from Dan to Beersheoa
know that Samuel was established TO be
prephe. of Jehovah. Two OF the most E;tiu-
able and timely thoughts of Dr.Mooress ser
mon which fairly b-iStled with truth.
were the importance OF Christian homes
and Christian mothers. and the contention
that the influence of these We're waning
was false.
In the pulpit were Dr. Moore DR.. w. c.
Campbell OF Roanoke. Or. C. W. Findlay.
of Augusta county; DR.. j. P. Smith, or
Richmond. and Rev. E. T. Wexford, pas
tor of the church in which the Synod IS
holding its sessions.
There are present from Richmond: Reys.
r. P Kerr, D. D., j. p Smith. D. D, T.
r. English. d. D., T. g Johnston, y, y
w w Moore D. D., ]. F.. Cook. w >
Cambpell, J. &c. Stewart, Judge and AFs-
B. r. Wexford. Capt J. a. Coke. Robert
Gillian, Esq Mr.. and Mrs j. W. slhseH.
The roll call found in attendance one
hundred and twenty-nias ministers ana
sixty-two ruling elders.
After the sermon the synod was eoti-
stfrnrsd with PRAYER by Rev. DIR. Moore,
when nominations for Moderator We're
ca}a. for Rev. Dr. F. J. Brooke secured
the fsoor anfl in q neat and foreefui speech
nlaced ths name of Rev. r. FL. Hamilton,
of seeIe,s Tavern, Va, before the nody.
Dr.. Karr seconded the noaiha s.oh, =, Fsg- =,
gyron Clark nominated Rev Dr.. W. H
woa3s and me nomination was seconded
nv Rev e. D. Washhurn and Others Ar.
Ha,,sI.nn vas elected by q vote os one
h,,n..re1 and sixteen 10 sixty-one for DIR.
Woods.
Rev. Il. II. s.oveF and Judge g. F. Cas-.
saTI1 we're elected temporary clerks. The
sns.fa, o.f,er for tomorrow at 6:a0 O'Clock
4 ss In hear Dr. j. n. Craig on the Home
Mission work. Tomorrow night will be
y devoted &c Foreign Missions.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-10-24
SUMMARY OF To-DAY's NEWS,

local.
-Damocrats hold rousins meeting
Sor1tfern handles enormous shipment
Eel dead on the street.
Street railway matters cause HNeiy
debate.
Prominent society weddings
State.
a heavy rain washes away a Norfolk
and Western railroad bridge at Roanoke
IA negro boy sentenced 10 one day tn
Jail In Portsmouth for killing white
woman
Daniel receives a great ovation IN
Russelbeounty.
Joint debate in Fiuyanna between E.
w. Saunders and General T. L. Rosser.
General
Widow failes. In attempt to kiss vi.
Bryan in Baltimore.
Three indictments found against Dr..
III. NJ. Wharton.
New York bank teller defau,eer to the
amount of ST9AO00.
-Four men arrested foc murder OF
young woman in Paterson, n.
Foreign
Canton apparently quiet. bur eonsuls
receive warnings OF danger
Beers worry British with susriiia
.acties.
-Russian railway concessions IN Man
cnuria unaffected by AaSss-German
agreement.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-10-24
MAN DROPPED DEAD.
GeosseR H. Welc.. Died Of Heart Dis |
ease last Night

ease Last Night.
George r. Weich a brick-iayer and resi-
dent of No. a5I2 East Franklin Street.
dropped dead last night at clock on the
sidewalk in front of No. 2il9 East Main
Street..
Welch had not complained OF bs:ns iii
during The day. and his death was wholly
unexpected. AT the tine of his death he
was ri the hone5of a friend, Mr.. Charles
l. Made, Where he had sonet only a few
minutes before to accompany. his wife
home as she had spent the evening with
Mrs Wade. He entered the house ;,ppar-
entity in perfect health. and there was no
intimation of his Illness until lust before
his death. when he walked from he house.
saying he was not feeling well, and seated
himself on the curbing where he died
When those insit;s noticed that he had
fallen over they were greatly alarmed and
supposing him to have tainted. he was at
once carried into the house. where every
effort was made to restore the lifelss man.
DR.. Giils, Of the ambulance, was sum
f naened, and after careful examination
s spronounced the man dead.
His death is sur ed to have been from
heart disease was a man thirty
threesyearS Of s.. a:ld leaves . widow.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-10-24
Statement Of stoweroft, Who is Also
Under Arrest.
PAID TO KEEP HIS MOUTH SHUT.
The Four Prisoners, Two OF Whom Are
Married Men, arraigned Before
Recorder Senior aud Held
Without Bait to Await
Action OF the
Grand Jury

NEW YORK, October 2s.-Late last night
George Kerr. Walter McAilister, William
peits. and Andrew Campbell were arrest
ed hv the police of Paterson, N J., ac-
cused of having caused the death of
Jennie Bossehieter, the young woman
whose body was found last Friday on the
outskirts OF Paterson
Kerr and Deits ara married. y fifth
arrest was made to-day, Garret ~ STOW
croft being taken into custody. Stowcroft
was taken to police headquarters at Pater-
son. where he mad a statement He said
he was hired by AIcAllister. Kerr. peits
and Campbell to drive them with Miss
Basschistc in a two seated rig last Thurs
day night fsa said they stopped at saafs
saloon. where they had some drinks. The
girl, after drinking, became stupefled as If
she had been drugged
KNOCKOUT DROPS.
stoweroft sa:d he understood she tad
been given Knockout drops, They placed
her in the rig and she became unconscious.
The men became frightened as the girl did
not revive. and they drove 10 the Office
of Dr. Townsend. The girl continued in
an unconscious condition and the men
were advised to take ter direct to her
home.
Subsequently they drove to the houses
of TWO otter physicians, but did not sue
ceed in getting medical aid and 50 went
back to the Office OF Dr. Townsend. When
they got there this time the girl was dead.
They then drove out to the place where
the body was first discovered near tho
Wagarruw bridge. in Bergen county, ants
left the body lying there.
but Hon l-.t,, N
ten dollars to keep his, mouth shut.
Kerr. Mc4Allstsr. Deits and Campbell
| were successiveiy arraigne9 before Re-
cort.er Senior and We're heil s:.thout bail
| to await the action OF tsle grand jury.
| They were charged with nurdssring Jennie
| Bosschieter "by giving her powerful drugs
| of which she died lingering death.
| The funeral of rhe girl was held this
| afternoon. To avoid crowd it was an
| nounceG tf1at the services had been post
| poned by the coroner.
1t is claimed to-nisalt that the affair is
| only one of ser.es of crimes Ii, which
| mill girls of Paterson have bean v.etims.
| but this is the first case known II which
! any of the girls have lost tfleir lives.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-10-24
ONE DAY IN JAIL
FOR MURDER
James Smith Practically Exonerated
for the Killing Of FArs. Baker
at Portsmouth.
at Portsmouth.
lsAooial pisnatch to The Times. )

NORFOLK. VA, Oct. 23-'Tried for
,,,,,rdar al Portsmouth to-day. James
sn,ith fsolored) was by jury found
guilty of involuntary n1anslausater and
81, ss,oorirs a woman to death. and was
80 se,+a1,aaI ia serve one day n jail.
s',,fth last July qliarressd with Andrew
sRaller ] and Baker tried to shoot h:m. lis
pistol snapped wa4asapon ,aaa n hs asksl hs
"HAs - ,.aio5d.ng his pistol Smith fired at
!. ne ne Wa ,,,fssfrg mn. but striking his.
n. nm. wife who Shortly after died.
s q: l5alhs.. hald that dle woMa. was acces-
sil's AZ. -s,.,ker's attempt TO Kill Smith.
sorry Ta.er. f.ag-,an of tf,e Southern
=. ~ A ngel.ca. Va, wentsout 70 flag
tsssl"..s +ast nglE. fell as:eep OF the track,
q 1ra'l -, 49,, by the t.sin and 50 injured
MAS Waa he he d.ed this evening in s.. yinssnts 5
Hospital he:e'
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-10-24
THIEF SHALL NOT ESCAPE.
Bryan Promises To Treat Small and
Great Alike.
Dy Associated press.)


FREDERICK, MD, October 2S--'tYou
will hear people say that I, if elected,
vill not enforce The law That is not the
danger They know that if ] am elected
WI put the same kind OF striped clothes
on a big thief Glat are put on little
one
This declaration was made by Mr.. Bryan
in h3s speech IN this city to-day. BE had
arrived here at u o'clock, an hour later
than the tinae set fof the beginning OF his
meeting. He came in on Il special iIain
frGm Washington. which brought q num-
Der Of people from tn capital city, and
ne four,i a very large crowd awaiting him
a: IN 5 lon;. Here he encountered rain
storm. and The rain fell constantly during
Tho III se;ins.
II was no: a heavy down-Dour. but sufti-
clent to vet paople 10 the skin who re-
mained IN il. Nevertheless q majority of
he large crowd u Id on TO tlie end and
most Of them showed their appreciation
~ frequent and 1aad applause.
Dir. BRYAN Was introduced by Colonel
L. Nictor Baush:aan, whose home is at
t:eis place, and Colonel Baushman. as wtli
as Mr.. Bryan. Was most cordially greeted.
Mr.. Bryan was we'll along in his speech
when he made the declaration above quoted
and ihis was foiowed by an add tioTa!
statement running nus.
And that is The reason why al the
great iaw-breaksrs are against us in this
campaign.
NOT SECTIONAL.
Introducing his speech, AIR. Bryan said:
The Democratic party is not a sec
sional party. You build a sovern.n III uilon
the Declaration Of Independence and ad-
minister II according 10 the ideas OF aeffer-
son: it is broad and as long IS the natson-
If We We're seeking some class ics!sia-
ion which would give TO The few an adj
5antage over the many. We would hs Il
secitanai party. because we would only ap-
seal TO uiose specially benefited b. the
legislation promised. bat We are not try
sng IL SET year hands into sa,ncboay else,s
pocket. We are trying to kee!, other u. O.
pies hands cut of your pockets. ana when
party seeks nothing but justice ana
promises nothing but equal rights, You
can appeal 10 all people ercrywhere who
ire seeking 10 make government a blessing
20 all and not merely an advantage 10
the few.
Partially IN government. faYeritism in
government, these have been curses of
government in the past, and to-day The
greatest fault iha; can be found With this
Or any other government is that instead of
being administered as a government of the
people. for the people and by the peop,e.
81 is administered in the interest of a Tsw
who grow rich by using the ins;rumentaii-
ties OF government against the erea. ma
3ority.
az charge against the Republican narty
to-days that in all lis policies j, is ignoring
the producer OF wealth and dssresardins
Tr,onftnne6 on second Page
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-10-24
They Poured Hot Shot Into the
Republicans.
BELIEVE BRYAN WILL WIN.
Good Sized Crowd Attends First Meet
ing Of Bryan, Stevenson and
Lamb bC!ub-Prom!ncnt Lead
eis lHcrc-Colonc' Button
Goes II om e Other
Democratic i;allics

4 large and enthusiastic audience
gathered at Old Market Hall last night 10
hear the5 tissues OF the campaign discussed
by Hon George c. Gorham Of Washing
ton, and Hon. Il. Lindsay Gordon, of
Louisa.
The Meeting was under The auspices of
the Bryan, stevenson and Lamb Club,
which was recently organized. and was
comp.et: success in every respect. lar
deiIa'sf Band was on hand and discoursed
sweet music, while the audience frequent
IL broke into cheers as the distinguished
orators would score a telling point for
tbe Democratic candidates. Hon CharSs
N Wallace. Jr.. president of the club,
called the meeting to order, and after
byisfI but timely speech called upon }ion.
! Thvlor E.llyson to preside. Mr. Eiyson
in 4 very happy manner presented as the
first sneaker Hon. +. L. Gordon, Jr.'
who made an eloquent and convincing
sreech, which was often interrupted with
.nIlause. ar. Gordon began his address
BY saying that he believed TINS the most
fmportant campaign in which the Ameri-
cgn ncon1e had been engaged since they
wd1n their independence
a GREAT PLATFORM.
He briefly traced the history OF tne
DEMOCRATIC party up to 1sSo' "heh ne
said the srandest platform was pi'A'i"i-
gated upon which any party Naa ever
stood. He said the Repuohcdiis i'lu
passed no lmpof.ahl le 20 ..u.t sI ~
~, - XII botb of which were
51e.;,o,,+9I : - t[a interests of the masses.
.e = tba e,rren,v question Mr..
- "a ,l,.,t ,IrI,o,Gh the ReDubl;
tiot 'o,' 80 l.,,;IsI 10 no,,,oorat.
cans hau Dl' - 80 s;1,.o- ~ 1e n
Tor declaring III iahoi " stls q - ,1,If
they fao coined d ih.itlo'i ''i.,. q -
silver do!ldLS per hAoti''
with go!d. lie dlo Lot psiileFe tiie nS4'oo
lisans were responsive ior iui u'iiiie
pals but that the credit Tor the 'eh-
porarE wave o. prosperity "hich niu
visited the country was due to DlVlhe
Providence. Mr.. Gordon took up the mat
ter of government by injunction. eX-
planned the position of the Democratic
party upon it, and was loudly applauded
nv the audience. He was severe upon the
Repuh,jcans on the question of trusts and
caia if their mad career was not checked
t1,a two would soon come when every in
.d,,.+~,. i, +ba country and the 1,rodufts
tI,.rers ,o,,ld to ,,,,der thair confrol and
~ ,,o,,,To ,,,o,,II Recon-, oys1,ve1 in tf7pr
.ar ~ ~ -, 80 Of
'oli9 80 -, $50
Neai,i, put ne u4.- ,r,,,o,, 81.
to"I" @ ho!iI5NiS csli' ~ -,
tunes Whlch the tsus' ih55iialeS 'iau a1-
cunuta'ea OUT OF tLe earnings oi tne
masses OF the people IN SO snort a tlile.
CONSTITUTION FOLLOWS FLAG.
N1r cordor,,s discussion If the subject of
irnari91:sn was ahin and convincing aud
was weil received by his; hearers. He
va. " =" e1i l,.sl1.
,l,ob h,d baa,, rec,iirad and
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-10-24
CLEVELAND'S POSITION.
Has Not Said He Would Support nIc.
hinlcY.
fEg Associated Press,)


TRENTON, n. T.. October 23-The
Trenton True American will tomorrow
quote ex-President Cleveland as saying:
81 am not aware of having made any
statement that would justify the assertion
that | am going to support Mr.. Mckinley
Mr. Cleveland declined TO make any
statement regarding his position, ana The
words quoted were made in response to a
suggestion from the reporter that recent
letter of his reiteratlng his financial views
Of 1885 was being construed as being his
intention to support Mr.. Mckinley
NEW YORK, October 2S--Tne Journal
and Advertiser. which will print the same
statement says that Mr. Cleveland added
that he had received letter from the
West some weeks ago asking if he had
changed his views On financial questions.
and replied that he had not.
Mr.. Cleveland added 5hat he had retired
from political ACTIVITY, and must decline
being drawn into a discussion of a po!isi-
cal character.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1900-10-24
PIRATES ACTIVE.
Boarded Vessel and Secured Thou
sands of Pounds of Specie.

(By Associated PFesso
CANTON. CHINA October "a Vessei
having on board 100 passengers was board
as nv nirata. Ten niles below here. Seye-
raj thousand pounds of specie were taken.