davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17

A new department is being very
gradually added to some e. our expert
ment stations, that of soil surveys. We
have long felt the need of knowing
more about the soils of our farms. For
some years the eyes of scientists have
been on Maryland, where this work
has been carried on more extensively
perhaps than in any other state. All
the soil of the state has been mapped,
showing just what kind OF soil is found
In each township. To do good work
In farming it is absolutely necessary
to find out what is already in the SOIL
Our farmers hitherto have had to take
their farms as unknown quantities
They have been limited in their
knowledge of the Soils even when the
owners have been graduates of agri-
ly easy to say that such soil is
sandy, or clayey, but that meant but
little. Its composition other than the
land or clay could be determined only
by experience with numerous crops.
This necessary experimentation has
proved very costly to the people that
have been forced to carry it on. 1t is
a good thing that science has taken it
up. The work is so vast that it will
take years to plat the states and ter
ritories, but we expect to see the work
carried on steadily. In few years
hence it may be easy for a man, in
tending to invest in agricultural lands,
to sit down and study out from these
soil maps the question for himself, ac-
cording to the crop he desires t.
raise. Such maps will contain many
surprises. They will show some of the
now supposedly poor land to be Of
great value for certain crops, its value
simply never before having been learn
ed because the crops that would have
done best were never planted. Every
year much of our area of certain crops
has been on land entirely untitled to
growing them.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17

In this cell the larva passes the winter
We illustrate the mature and larval
form Of tho insect The beetle is
bronze ia color. There are only two
methods of control known at pres
ent. One Is to use such clean
cultural methods that the insects will
find no harboring places. Prof. Chit
tenden believes that the trees cannot
be saved after being once attacked, and
that the only safe thing to do is to
cut down and burn infested trees. This
work should be done before the beetles
emerge in May and June Unattached
trees may be protected by using va
rious mixtures as washes. among them
being mixture of linseed oil and
resin. Some have even recommended
whitewash poisoned with a small
quantity of some arsenite such as ar
semitic of lead. There is danger in the
application of strong arsenites to
young trees, but old trees will not be
injured.
A measure of utmost value for the
protection of trees from the attacks of
borers consists in keeping them IN the
best possible condition, free from
fungi, moss, or abnormal growth, from
loose bark, and keeping the trunks as
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17
FARM AND GARDEN.
MATTERS OF INTEREST TO
ACRICULTURISTS.
Some Up-to-Date Hints About Gull
hvation of the Soil and Yields
Thereof-H Horticulture, viticuIturs and
Horticulture.
The Grain Farmer and sheen reeder

The Grain Farmer and Sheen Feeder.
A bulletin of the South Dakota Ex-
pertinent Station says: 1t is a de-
plorable fact, and one that does not
speak well for the enterprise or in
telllgence Of either our sheep-raisers
or our Farmers, that of the small num-
Der OF sheep which are annually raised
a large percentage is shipped east in
an unfinished" condition. At the
same time hundreds of thousands of
bushels Of grain are annually sold at
price that entails an actual loss to
the producer. In the past, and to a
large extent at present, our cheap
range sheep and our cheap grains are
freighted east at great expense and
there fed at a handsome profit. We
are glad TO note, however, that some
OF the more progressive farmers in this
state are ayailing themselves of these
favorable conditions and are thereby
realizing handsome profits We would
net be understood as advising all sheep
men to go to raising grain, nor that
all grain farmers should go into the
sheep business. Neither do we believe
that all the successful sheep-raisers
are fitted by taste, experience, envi-
ronment or business ability to become
successful feeders. But we do believe
that many Of them are so fitted and
that there are sufficient number OF
such in every neighborhood to feed
to a finish" not only as many sheep
as are now produced annually, but
enough more to consume all Of the
coarse grains and fodder produced.
We believe that all coarse grains and
fodder produced should be fed within
our state, and that no feeders" should
be shipped out until all such food
stuffs are consumed. We believe that
the farmers and the sheep men are
"too far apart" not only geograph-
ically, but also in their way of looking
at this important problem. Geograph-
ically they might be brought much
closer together if all the rough, stony
billy or unoccupied lands, of which
every country has more or less, were
utilized for sheep ranges.
Ou many IdTLlS DOlu gram AehA AAAAA-7
and sheep raising can be profitably
conducted, but when this does not
seem advisable the two industries can
be carried on upon closely adjoining
lands, with mutual profit to both the
farmer and the sheep man. Ii the
grain farmer would take into consld-
Grafton the value he would derive from
having a sheep man for neighbor,
who would buy and consume his sur
plus grain product and also render
him an even greater service by keep
/ ing the stubble lands, fallow fields and
waste places free from weeds; and if
the sheep man would appreciate the
advantage of being able to buy cheap
grain of his neighbor in order to finish
his sheep, we believe they Would ind
it mutually beneficial. In orier to- aid
in bringing about this order of things
a series of feeding experin ents was
begun during the past season, and it
/ Is hoped that the work may be con-
tinued for some years to come.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17
German Millet.

This millet is called, also, Southern
Millet, American Millet, Golden Millet,
Mammoth Millet, Bengal Grass, Da-
kota Millet. 1t grows to a height of
four or five feet, and has heads that
are to inches long and an inch
wide. This variety has been in gen
eral cultivation in the South since the
early seventies, but was introduced
into the United States many years ear
ller. Prof. Crozier regards the East
Indies as the most probable source of
its introduction into the United States,
and remarks that the name Bengal
Grass, by which it was first known
in this country, suggests such an ORR
gin. Flint, on the contrary, makes the
statement that it was first bru-lght to
the United States from Europe. How
ever this may be, it seems that the
seed used in Tennessee, where this va
riety first came into real prominence.
was brought from France in the early
sixties, and since that time has been
the leading millet sown in the South.
German millet makes a heavy yield of
forage under favorable conditions, but
does not stand drouth as well as the
smaller varieties, such as common mill
let and Hungarian. The hay is coarser
and less highly valued than that from
the smaller millets, but when the for
age can be fed in the green state this
will be- ound to be an excellent variety
to grow, on account of the heavy yield.
German millet is the latest of the
varieties commonly grown here, and is
exceedingly variah' in it's appearance
and habit of growth. 1t is very sell
dom that one sees a field that is uni
form in character. Many, perhaps
most, of the heads may be typical of
the variety, but usually there will be
many others scarcely to be distin-
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17

from her guests that the dinner which
she is serving is other than an un-
usual one. 1t is a formal affair, and
no amount Of grace can make any
thing else of it. For nothing speaks
so loudly nor so unerringly as
formal company d.nreg. Every course
shows it; every movement Of the wait
ress proclaims it; every piece Of china
fairly cries out the occasion. And of
course no one at the table really en-
joys it. The guest certainly does not,
because he knows he is being made
company of, and that feeling is always
enough to Offset every enjoyment. The
hostess does not, for she hasn't the
time. Her eyes are for the table and
her servants; not for her guest"
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17


average woman will pay great
On 70 the curves in her figure
IL style Of the neckbands she
war and the way to arrange her
~ 'ne ut OF her gloves; but she
sOse ner face with cold water and
IL use powder carelessly, and
"Gnaer why her skin is not
| nave known women's skins
puSluVeiy grimy and they were
I 'Ous Oh the fact. l have known
Uses 70 be filled with black
H., 'uicn were nothing but dirt,
'nese women believed that
1 sss Is next to goodness. They
m ~ not know how to take care
I u .selVes. If a woman wants to
/ y lace in good condition, she
= wash 1t once a day with hot
brs,o ~ SO hot that it stings, for
ssus the skin. The soap may
tha. !, q cake, but she wants to
ktin" II is pure. Nothing with
n h., VI resin. Soaps with oil
~ r, s~ When she finishes with
vstos s' rinse the face with clean
fgbol. not a mere dash, but a
@eOt,rs, some soaking. Then rinse
\ tba !. cold water until every
ArSt lace tingles and the blood
SMlS " the cheeks. Once a week
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17
Agricultural Notes.


With a proper amount of stock on
the ranges the grasses would not have
been pulled out; for the root systems
would have been so deep that the hold
of the soil would have been complete.
Permitting the top of the grass plant
to be kept always short results in
evitably in shortening the grass roots.
The latter finally become shortened till
little more than the base Of the plant
remains in the soil, and in that condi-
ton the plant is easily pulled out by
any grazing animal that comes along.
Not only are these plants pulled out
by animals but the frost is constantly
heaving them out, which would not be
possible with well developed grasses.
The American farmer needs to be i'm
pressed with the necessity of protect
ing his grass lahda. Keep the pas
lures in good shape and it will not be
necessary to pasture them. The short
conditions of the pastures is what too
often influences the farmer to turn the
stock into his meadows. Under a
proper system our pastures would pro-
duce four times the amount of forsse
they do at the present time. Thus on
many of our pastures the feed per acre
for the entire feeding season would
not equal half a ton if dried. The full
crop obtained from the feeding ground
should equal two tons, if dried. 1t an
pears plain that the grazing problem
is one of the most serious Of all the
problems confronting us.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17
ravages of this borer, all the birch
trees in the city will be destroyed.

ravages of this borer, all the birch
trees in the city will be destroyed.
One of our cuts herewith given
shows the work of this borer. The
galleries run so closely together and
cross and recross in such confusion
that it is impossible to trace any in
dividual burrow.
Injury can be detected in the trunk
by a reddish discoloration from one
quarter of an inch to one inch in
width, this being caused by the ex-
udation of sap and the ejectment Of
excrement. Another indication of the
Insects presence is the dying of the
trees at their tops. The insect appears
to attack the tree at first among the
larger branches at considerable
height, causing the trse to die at the
Top, while the remaining lower
branches keep green. Its presence is
also manifested by the uneven. wavy
appearance OF the bark, which shows
more or less regular spiral ridges on
he smaller branches.
The larva, as rule, enters the wood
In the fall of the year and there con-
structs cavity, which probably serves
The purpose of a pupal cell, in which
It passes it's ultimate transformations
late spring or early summer. With
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17
A destructive Birch Tree Borer.

In a report of the Division of En-
tomology of the Department of Agri-
culture, Prof F. H. Chittenden, regard
ing the birch tree borer, Agrilus
anxius, says it was noticed that the
birch trees in Buffalo were being de-
stroyed, and an investigation showed
that the above named borer was tun-
neling under the bark of the trees.
The belief is expressed that unless
something is done at once to stop the
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17
why starohoa clothes Are UnhoaIthful.

Why Starched Clothes Are Ohhe''i'ni us
Hygienists have been making
starched clothing the subject OF their
investigations and have established the
fact that starched garments act as a
barrier to the escape Of heat from the
body. One. therefore. would suppose
that these starched garments WHICH,
as everybody knows, heat us SO un-
comfortably in summer, would at leas'
have the advantage OF keeping Tue
hodv warm in winter on account VI
being non-conductor of heat. ms
however, is not the case, for the Value
of starched pieces as non-conducIors
increases with the increase OF outer
temperature. and correspondinsly de-
creases with the drop OF the therllol y,
eter This means, therefore that IL
winter when we try our utmost u
l"een the body warm and prevent as
much as possible Of the escape Oh @n VI
mai heat. the starchy raiment Is re-
duced TO a minimum as a protector On
account of the outer cold, ana IN sum SUN,
mer when we wish 10 keep COOL .n1s'
same garments are effeetual IN I !, !.
inc hack the heat of the body IL Is
also 10 be noticed that when perspira-
t,on rms the starch, It not only Gloss
up the pores Of the hnep' O"'
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17
Cream Sandwiches.

Make nice short pastry and roll out
rather thin, and then cut three inches
long and one and one-half inches wide,
and bake in a sharp oven. When done
light brown brush over with the yolk
of an egg, cut lengthwlse and spread
raspberry jam to form sandwich, and
put whipped cream, favored with va
nilla, and a teaspoonful of castor sugar
and white of an egg beaten to froth
on the top Of cream.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17

those of the body. and in that way
adds to the difficulty of entrance of
cool air to the body. It is seen, there
fore, that the starching Of the washing
is not only impractical, but also in
imical to health, and perhaps when
this fact is recognized Universally dame
fashion may condemn the practice.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17
Ana Now rhey DON'T speak.

"I5arold. murmured the beautiful
maiden shyly. "am I the only girl you
ever told you loved?
az will tell you the truth, dearest
onswered the manly youth, leaning
s 60, over her. "You are not"
81 think you might have lied a little
Harold. for me-" she said, turning tear
tnIlv away.-Chicago Tribune.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17
COMPANY ninn.

Inc - AhhOEks
i VI Making Company of
NV S"ard Box, in the December
isO. ue Journal, considers "it a
los., mat American housewives
|pss ~. VI. TO believe that a dinner
ast anu feathers is dreaded by
| eOr majority of people. The
| ruall pliment we can possibly
b :, at dinner is to let him
bns an ordinary meal-to let
hly, Vuletly in and be one of
h WHY YET this is the very com
| Of I'm We withhold from him.
|rellsh swing a guest what he
by sn, most, we give him what
h 81 loys best. Let a hostess
be y.. graceful and tactful, let
|srs V 70. OF experience on her
'S' nothing can conceal
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17
Compete of Dates.

A date compete is very easily made.
Stone the fruit Zone pound will be
sufficient for six and put it in a
saucepan containing a syrup made by
boiling together for three minutes one
cupful of sugar and one pint of water.
Cover closely and place over hot water
or at the back of the fire, where it will
keep very hot, but not boil, for an
hour. Remove the dates to dish or
bowl, and boil down the syrup until
reduced one-half. Flavor with vanilla
and pour il over the dates; serve very
cold with the whipped cream.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17
guished from common millet or other
standard varieties.

osphates.-Where quick re-
Spouse is desired, as in market gar
dening and in the case of spring grains,
the undissolved phosphates must give
place to superphosphate unless the soil
has been previously well stocked with
the former for several years. The i'm
mediate good results from bone are
usually due more to the nitrogen than
20 the phosphorie acid This nitrogen
IS, however, quite ineffective as COM
pared with that known as nitrate Of
soda; for this reason at the present
nigh price of bone, it is well to CON
slider if floats (finely ground mineral
shosphate) cannot economically re-
place it.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17

Iron and alumina (Redonda) phos-
plate in its raw or natural condition.
even when finely ground, is generally
considered OF little agricultural value,
and is looked upon in Europe as a dan
gerous adulterant of other phosphates.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17
n WOMEN AND HOME
or INTEREST FOR MAIDS
pa AND NATIONS.

n,ess-House Gown-Care az
d.--How One Woman DoeE
ManIcnre-The importance
- Hands-Our Cooking School
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17
Maple sugar Cake.

A delicious maple sugar cake that
an old housekeeper makes takes one
cupful of sugar, one-half cupful OF but
ter. one-half cupful Of milk, three eggs
the whites of two removed. Add lastly
one and a half cupfuls of -four, In
which one heaping teaspoonful Oh
baking powder has been stirred IL
will make two long cakes. For the
filling. take enough maple sugar to
make a supful when it has been
melted on the stove. with as little
water as possible, and the whites OF
tbe two eggs beaten stiff, with two
tablespoonfuls of powdered sugar
pour the maple sugar on the eggs hot
and beat all together until cool enough
to spread. Spread on one cake for I'LL NIL.
ing, place the other on it and frost frost
With the remainder of the maple sugar
mixture.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17

- b,en six when / met her,
4 .s ~ a,as a sweet miss Of FIVE;
I ~ across where they'd set her
'n pm for her nurse TO arrive.
~odesty | thought unpleasant
sSg could not be induced
~ 10 take note 1 was present,
IN lad been introduced.
.-s minute after. between rs
'airtance had rlpened so fast
. .anld YOU who read this have seen
LII |'l said we'd been friends for years
past ,s av h,,+ 1oyor,.
So.rt went at once to Bo-Peep;
IN an hour after our muvers"
."vsred us, arms clasped, asleepl
400 came. and with it new faces;
ssowp-ups. we drifted apart;
Ii IN new sweathearts new graces;
AVE TO another her heart.
|po-peep of childhood Is welded,
1. sbfdren may now read this rhyme;
Am on my mind is embedded
!. ,icturs-iirst sweetheart Of mine.
philadelphia American.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17

clean as possible. In some cases the
use of fertilizer might assist the trees
to withstand borer attacks.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17
OUR COOKING SCHOOL.
Anricot Pun Pudding.

One pint flour, one and a half tea
spoonfuls baking powder, pinch of salt.
Make the above into a soft batter with
little milk. Put into well-greased
cups a spoonful Of batter, then a
couple of pieces of stewed apricots,
then another of batter. Steam three
hours and serve with apricot sauce.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17

vouan who has beautiful hands
i. "For my own use my stock
trsde consists of two buffers-an
|.,sssary extravaganza l allow my
! eelluloid nail cleaner, carefully
,tsd As regards its cleansing capa-
3ies. one pair Of bowed scissors for
H. the nails, a box OF emery
H. a box of rosaline and a box Of
suamel That is sufficient for the
results, and is certainly. simple.
n dry your hands after washing
in not water without first cooling
of under the cold-water faucet.
he is a theory that this whitens
It certainly hardens them to ex-
re II addicted to chapped hands.
them at night in lukewarm
then rub them in a mixture of
water and glycerine. Avoid the
5nary eoncoctions for beautifying
3hands. Do not oil your hands and
! put on gloves for the night; this
increases the tendency to chap.
In use a steel file on the nails. 1t
kens them and makes them coarse.
the tips OF your fingers in hot
Il TIL the nail IS pliable--this pre-
breaking. With the bowed scis-
cut carefully in the shape of an
nd-do not point them; then. with
Zine sides Of the emery board, file
Ny rough edges. With a celluloid
Fory nail-cleaner remove any dis
PATTON, and then spread thoroughly
each nail and we'll down into the
thick layer OF the rosaline.
BE nail in the powder and polish.
b cut the cuticle, but carefully
Rn It from the quick with the nail
T This should be done every
ping after the bath. With warm
and brush remove the red
entirely and then give a final
b II there are hangnails, it is
to tear them Off. not roughly,
housh the finger may be sore for
or two, it is preferable to cut
which only increases the growth.
lays prepare a new buffer for pol
by spreading a thin coat Of
lle On its surface, then a layer
Eder, and rubbing both we'll In.
et buffer has been my constant
anion for ten years, and in that
was worn out twice. To rejuve-
an old buffer, select a piece of
os' taking care to avoid the thin
soak In water and stretch over
lame' pulling tightly, then bind
grove with cord and tie firmly.
away the superfiuous part, and
fa'e buffer as good as new. No
nould neglect her hands-it mat
not how homely or ill-shapen
may be. Carefully tended hands
e hallmark Of the well-groomed
~. Montreal Herald
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17

]. H. Monrad says that the average
low is the curse of dairying. If that
so, what about the COW that falls a
God way below the average cow and
nat helps TO make the average COW
ossible?.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17

.The holding of thoughts among un'
..tairties Is worse than useless.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1900-04-17

The best soil for celery is muck.
Phillipsburg herald. [volume] (Phillipsburg, Kan.) 1882-1905, 1900-12-20
AN ENEMY TO DRINK.
One Woman who has Done Great Deal
TO put Down this Evil.

Minneapolis, Mimi, Dec. II, 1900
Especially When the Independent Or
der of Good Templars of Minnesota
wanted a State Organizer, they chose
Mrs. Laura j. Smith, of 1917 West 33rd
Street, this city. The American Anti
Treat League also selected Mrs. Smith
as National Organizer. The reason is
not far to seek. This gifted woman has
devoted her life to battle against
Drink and Drinking Habits. Her influ-
ence for good in Minnesota is and has
been very far peaching.
About two years ago, however, it
seemed as if this noble woman would
have to give up her phila nthropic work.
Severe pains in her back and under her
shoulder blades, made life a burden
and work impossible. Physicians were
consulted, and they prescribed for
Kidney Disease. Three months treat
ment, however, failed to give Mrs.
Smith any relief. Her husband was
much exercised, and east about him for
something that would restore his good
wife to health and strength. He heard
of the cures effected by Dodd's Kidney
Pills. and advised her to try them,
which she did. She is ROW well wom-
an and says:
1.-TWO weeks after commenced tax
ing Dodd's Kidney Pills, felt much
better, and at the end of seven weeks
was completely cured. I have had no
recurrence of the trouble, but take a
Pill off and on, and find that it keeps me
in good health
Dodd's Kidney Pills are for sale by
all dealers at so cents box.
They are easily within the reach of
all, and no woman can afford to suffer.
when such a simple and sure Remedy
rs at hand.