davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
ohildren,s Games Going ont.

I wish some folk-lorist would tell me
whether there is real decadence Of
childrens ceremonial games. il seems
to me that, while l see as much of
children as ever, do not see so much,
of the old games as ] once did. When,
for instance, do the children play the
old-fashioned .forfeits?' ''Forfeits"
with us, in the old days, was an ac-
compartment OF other games, the for
feits or penalties being levied as the
result of failures-or even in some IN
stances of successes.-in play. But that
did no prevent it from being a most in.
teresting, delightful and significant ex-
ercise in itself. The ritual that ac-
companies it is beautiful and poetic
thing.-Boston Transcript.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
FARM AND GARDEN.
MATTERS OF INTEREST TO
AGRIcULTURISTS
Some Up-to-Date Hints About Gull
tivation OF the Soil and Yields
Thereof horticulture viticultnrs And
Floricalture.
Tile Drainage.

CONDENSED from Farmers Review STEM
ographic Report Of Wisconsin Roundup
Institute.) .58
N. q. Becker spoke on tile drainage.
In part he said:
The changes in the soil caused by
draining are manifold. Plants are not
SO easily killed by severe frosts in
winter, because the ground is left more
dry and porous. It allows cultivation
earlier in the spring, and all through
the year after heavy rains. It causes
the soil to sooner obtain a certain
warmth in such a degree that on SINH
lar kinds OF soil location from two
to three hundred miles southwark
would not be better. 1t keeps the soil
more porous and mellow. because it
will never be fully saturated with
water, which would cause it to- bake
like a brick If very dry weather fol
+ lows heavy rains. TX
1t gives more effect to manure and
therefore insures better crops, and a
greater variety Of plants and cereals
may be raised on so drained lands.
On my own farm the first drain was
laid ia 1887, and many more since that
time. The first ones were laid. Of
course, where we thought they would
be most beneficial Every year ever
since they have proved to be so.
& Where in wet seasons nothing would
grow but weeds, the very best crops.
have been raised ever since.
fo,. 40
pressions and little wales, where in the
I first days OF seeding time in the spring
the ground is too wet; after they are
drained they are much drier in the
spring than those parts that lie much
higher. Marshland, with layer Of
peat to a depth Of three feet or more
should not be drained. If the water
is tapped off from such ground. hard
" anything but weeds and poor
crop Of grass will grow. Keep all the
n water in such land-but the surface
should not be covered by water-for
a big crop of even poor marsh hay Is
more valuable than a small crop OF
hay Of still poorer quality.
Land with a subsoil Of gravel re,
quires no draining, but have seen
sandy land drained to good advantage.
In clay soil, black muck and such,
draining proves most beneficial. In
the eastern part Of the county | live
in (Ozaukee) the subsoil is red clay,
which is almost impervoius to water.
It finds no way out and therefore the
n ground at times is fully saturated with
water, and on such soil draining
proves to be Of great Importance and
value.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
RECREATION AND HEALTH.

Both Can BE Secured Mt the Indiana Min
b eral Springs, Indiana.
$t8 Like the young man In springtime.
whose fancy Tightly turns to thoughts
of love-" when summertime comes we
fall turn our thoughts to the consider
alton of the important question OF
where we shall 60 for rest, recreation
and health.
There are all kinds Of health and
pleasure resorts throughout this broad
land Of ours, some Of them, unfortu-
nately, anything but what their names
imply, and apparently operated for no
other purpose than to relieve the in
valid and pleasure seeker, financial
$ly. So much SO is this the case that
1t is indeed gratifying to the one seek
ing rest and recuperation from the
cares of the business and social world,
as well as the pain racked invand,
who is fortunate enough to discover
place where to use popular express
sion, he gets his moneys worth"
One of the most interesting pictur-
esque and delightful places In this
country is unquestio1ably the resort
known as the Magno Mud and Lithla
Water Cure, located at Indiana Nine
raj Springs, Indiana. Here come the
overworked business man. the worn
out devotee of society and the profess
sional man on the verge Of nervous
prostration. as well as the sufferer
from rheumatism, kidney and skin
diseases for which the baths are es-J
pecially beneficial. The place is also
largely patronized by those who only
seek pleasure and recreation, its loca-
ton making it particularly adapted for
this purpose. There are many roman
tic and beautiful spots and places OF
interest in the vicinity and 1t would
be hard to find a section Of country
containing SO many beautiful drives.
The country is very hilly, but the
roads are all graveled and kept in
good condition. This is one OF the
things that makes the place especially
attractive to those afflicted with rheu-
matism, as driving is about the only
outdoor pleasure one crippled with
rheumatism can indulge in. Some OF
the cures effected are really marvel
GUS and many who have gone to the
Magno Mud Cure as last resort have
returned home within a few weeks
filed with renewed health and
strength. a.. .
The accommodations service, table
and attendance is all that can be de-
sired and the rates very reasonable
indeed. The Springs is under the able
management Of Major H. L. Kramer
and postal card inquiry addressed
to him will bring complete detailed
information as we'll as a copy OF the
"Mudlavia Magazine" a unique and
interesting publication. g..
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

dry regions. The plants form soft
sod, covered by two or three inches
of soft. cushion-like foliage. The plant
spreads by runners or PROSTATE stems,
which creep along the ground, roofing
at intervals. The seeds are produced
ii little hard clusters near the ground
.afnong the leaves. The plant grows
readily from the seed. It cures natur-
ally and furnishes sustenance for stock
upon the range. There is no doubt
that at an earlier period buffalo grass
extended much farther east than at
present. When the prairies were
tramped by countless herds of buffalo,
all the grasses except this and grama-
grass were prevented from establish
ing themselves upon the uplands.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
Aphorism. Of w. J. stillman.

prefer sailing ship to steamer
one pleasant companion is worth q
shipload. of commonplace fellow voy-
ayers.
It is not the form OF the government
but the character of the governed
which makes the difference between
governments.
1t becomes incomprehensible to me,
as my own life wanes, how could
ever have found pleasure in taking the
lives of other creatures, filling their
stations in the world better than ever
did.
The educated soul pays the penalty
of ignorance, but there is no consola-
ton in repentance. Atlantic Monthly
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
A Prodigy.

"My boy, Jimmie, aged nine, is n
corker in psychology-and it's only his
second term at 1t, too"
"Indeed?" .E
Eyes. The other day he said that he
was certain the higher moral influence
had nothing to do with my being a
good citizen" L.. My
s.How did he account for itg' Fl
"He said l was afraid of the police.
cleveland Plain Dealer.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
horticultural Observations.

Reports from large buyers Of fruit
are to the effect that very fewfruit men
pick, pack or sort their fruit properly.
When fruit is to be shipped long dis
tances to market it is very necessary
that only the best fruit be sent. as the
cost Of transporting poor fruit is as
great as the good fruit. This becomes
q leading principle when fruit is
shipped across the Canadian border
and has to pay duty. If It is not first
class fruit the Canadian buyers do not
find profit in the transaction, and are
not likely to again seek the American
producer.
Like many other fruits, the Kieffer
pear has its fast friends and its un-
compromising enemies. The conflicts
over it remind one of those that have
taken place over the Ben Davis apple.
But the Kieffer is a very valuable pear
for several reasons. 1t is good In
quality when it is rightly handled;
that is, allowed to properly ripen. 1t
is deceptive fruit, and looks ripe be-
fore it has attained that point in its
existence. 1t must be allowed to lie
for some time after it is picked, some
times for weeks, before its flavor Is
developed. Then it becomes good
fruit for all purposes.
y
The new Fruit Growers Association
Of California is making an attempt to
do away with some Of the obstacles
that have always been in the path OF
the fruit producers. About 70 per cent
of the fruit grown in the state is I'M
der the control of the association. All
the growing, packing and selling are
to be done in the most approved ways.
Members are not to pack or crate their
fruit. The men that do this work are
experts. If the association holds to-
gether, it will doubtless compel the
other fruit growers in the state to
pack their fruit better, as otherwise
the association would take the entire
field. at least SO far as desirable mar
kets are concerned.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
worln to End This Year.

This is the recent decision OF one or
the societies Of the world, and while
there are few people who believe, I alss
prediction, there are thousands o. ~
ers who not only believe, but KNOW tnal
Hostetter's Stomach Bitters VIII cure
dyspepsia, indigestion, constipation o y,
liver and kidney troubles. A trial VIII
certainly convince. #
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

the south on the leaves OF Indian corn,
sassafras, black locust. false indigo,
wild blackberry. 1t also feeds on
ileaves Of the willow, currant, cotton,
Glover, elm, hopvine, balsam. poplar,
balm OF Gilead, dogwood and choke
cherry. The eggs are top-shaped, at
tached by the smaller end, Id patches
OF about 30, on the underside of leaves.
The caterpillars in the western states
begin to hatch about the end of June,
getting their growth in two months,
after moulting five times. The spines
are poisonous to the fingers, and the
caterpillar cannot be handled without
causing some pain and irritation. A
government report describes this cat
erpillar as sometimes feeding late in
summer on the maple, a large green
fish, thick caterpillar, with fascicles OF
irritant, radiating. sharp spines over
the body, spinning thin silken CO.
coon among the leaves. and transform
ing the following May or June into a
large, stout-bodied moth; the males are
yellow with very large eye-like spot
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

When She Gets Home From the Club.
4 eYou are not one OF those men VINO o.,
find fault with the cooking at homea
"No," answered Mr.. Meekton,
don't exactly find fault, but occaslonai-
~ 1 do feel called upon to apologize Io W
the way things taste when Henflete,
gets home from the club. You see !
never could learn to make good Gomez Y
Star.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
Best for the Bowels.

No matter what ails you, neadacns
~ 4 cancer, you will never get Wei
mil your bowels are put rlgnt.
.CAsCARETs help nature, cure you
without grippe or pain, produce easy
natural movements, cost you just ~
cents to start getting your health pa ~
5CAsCARETS Candy Cathartlc, ZIG
genuine, put up in metal boxes, evg 81.
tablet has G.. G. G. stamped On y ~ ~
ware OF limitations.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
oI,V Jdlea,

"Dese hoss'less kerridges amt SO Sc
much. Z said Mr. Erastus pinkly: W,
s'Dey's. all de talk" replied Miss MI
ami Brown. . /, N.
lose dey is. But it's q back,nn g
shar scheme. What were de first steam team
ship but muleless canaTllpto'allt' s sd
Washington Star.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
Too sound.

81 see you're advertising for a boy.
How'll do?,'
You look all right. How are your
teeth?"
..My teeth? They're perfectly so s's' ~
You can look at EN-. I
Eyes, j. see. Well. you won ao;. j, !
want a boy who will take par. OILS
nav in dental work Chicago 'Iflpuhe'
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
radies Car wear shoes.

r,na s,se smaller after using liens Foot
Eaae. a powder. 1t makes tight or y. new '''
.hoes easy. Cures swollen, hot,
snhinr fest, ingrowing nails, corns anq 2.
bunions. All druggists and shoe stores
go, Trial package FREE by NAL lI As, Ar
3dress Allen s. Olmstad. LIE Roy, NY.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
Uncertainty.

"No, he hasn't proposed YET, = y W. q
Geneyieve. 80, ao,,ht-
We suggested that the fellow dou l'l
less knew when he was we'll on. /,
"No;s / suspect the trouble !. y ~. ~
doesn't know when I'm well OIL, the
way papa is plunging in pork: s ''s
the beautiful girl, with sad smile. a.
All, love was indeed a great msyt .e1ss.
Chicago Tribune.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
Farm Mortgages Loans.

In amounts ranging from $500. 90 to SIC. 0oo0
on choice, improved farms in the western part
OF North Dakota. @f -
Write US If you have money 10 invest, and
we will be pleased TO send you description OF
loans, rates of interest. etc. Personal exam
ination OF all loans. We have Invested nearly
one million dollars in farm loans In North
Dakota since 1881, without the loss OF q dollar
North Dakota Land and Lean Co.,
Rugby, N. ID.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
Rnnalo Grass,

"a Kansas report says: This is the
common short grass OF the uplands
throughout the central and western
regions Of Kansas and more or less in
many parts of eastern Kansas. The
leaves are short and curly, and the
zee has a characteristic gray color
rather common in plants adapted to
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
PATENTS.
list of Patents Issued Last Wees ~
I ~ % NnrfhxYeStern Inyent0rs. &

Northwestern Inyenfors.
George e. Corey, Madison. M u
check rein attachment, Leon y. ~ i,,s,s+
ard Marston, S. D., suiky at.a psi ii''s'
For harrows; William =. Hull. Alpha,
MINI, most extractor; Joseph ~, s-..s
is. St. Paul, Mimi, garment suppof.e $ !,
Irving 3. Quist, Atwater MIMI a aa
Unstable eccentric or gear Da ~.
swenson, Twin Valley, Mimi. no'
catcher. 49,. .t.or.s
Merwin, Lotnrop u johnson. Paten =, A psr,
aeys Pill 4 el2 Pioneer PFess n'u tt'''
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
Avoiding Risks.

Attendant-You have to pay for youl
soda water. before you drink it, .~.,,.
Thirsty Patron-What's that for!
You amt making It any more poison
Gus than usual, are you?-Chicago Rec
ord. .r r.. ~ d.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
quite Reasonable.

Freddy, tell pa what you want TO,
your birthday"
"Oh, pa, want a tent In the back
yard, an gun, an Il grea' big cigar
store Injun.' -Indianapolis Journal.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

my life three years ago.7-Mrs THos. RoBBIEs
Maple Street. Norwich, n. Y, Feb. H. 1900.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

Remove the causes that make your hair lfelesf
and gray with PARKERs HAm BALKAN.
HIppEEooRH,s. the best cure for corEs. 15cts.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
Are You Using Aliens Foot-Enses

Are You Using Aliens Foot-Ensef
1t is the only cure for Swollen.
Burning, Sweating Feet
Corns and Bunions. Ask for Aliens
Foot Ease, a powder to be shaken into
the shoes. At all Druggists and Shoe
Stores, 25c. Sample sent FREE. Ad.
dress Allen s. Olmsted. Leroy, N. Y.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

FITS Permanently Cured. Nofts nervousness after
rst days use Of Or. Kine's Great Nerve kestorcr.
Send for FREE $500 trial bottle and Treatise.
In. X. II. kline, Itd s3l Arch St, Philadelphia IA.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
Not Fnnny % p,Yn.ssley.

4 First Politician-Ol Old Plunksley wants
the nomination, and he's ready to tap
his barrel.
Second Politician-All right. Wen
give him run for his money.--Puck
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

WANTED LADY CANvAsSER to introduce
new catchy article. Can make So day
Write at once, don't miss it. Oscar Wilkinson
30 e. 14th ST.. New York City
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

Each package OF PUTNAM FADE
LESS DYES colors either Silk. Wool
or Cotton perfectly. &t.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

People who want to be wept with
ought to confide their troubles to the
town crier.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

Fifteen hundred dozen hats day is
the output of a Yonkers On. - fact
Dry. @
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

Many woman has secured life
long job by marrying man TO reform
him. ~ ~ b
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

z England sold to foreign countries
1913 steamers and 266 sailing vessels in
1899. ##
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

To quiet crying infant, put 1t in a
baby carriage and keep the bawl roll
ing. ."p@'
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

There is no friendship, no love, like
that of parent for child.-H. w. Beech
or. ...-t T.. & .. Is -f.E I...|
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
The Ia caserp,liar 4.

The insect that we here illustrate Is
one Of those known as Maple Cater
pillars. The insect appears to be wide
5ly distributed being found feeding on
the sugar NAPLES in the north and in
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

Moonlight nights are too bright for
burglars and for lovers.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

The man who never forgets that he
is gentleman also remembers that
there are others. -Chicago News.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

Stop Your Hair from Failing.
Coke Dandruf Cure will positively cure
dandruff and keep hair from falling. Sl.00.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

Half the misery in this world comes
from having too little courage or too
much.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
BINDING TNINE Skinned on telegram Orders

At SMo for NEW Standard and IOBc Tor Ma
Mia Mixed
Providing your banker or express agent tele,
graphs us that the amount has been deposited
subject to our order. Our Iwise is guaranteed to
give you satisfaction Although Our stock is get
ting low we EXPECT 10 be abe 30 have sufficient
TO FILL ALL ORDERS. Telegraph or write
us 1T once. T. NJ. Roberts Supply House.
. Minneapolis Mimi.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

Mrs. winslow"s soothing Syrup.
or children teething, softens the gums reduces IN
apays pair. cures who'd collie 25c bottle
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

Baseball players: Golf players; all play
ers chew Whites Yucatan whilst playing
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
ifzafazH
Periods

are overcome by Lydia -
Pinskhasnss Vegetable
COs,fp0usd-
fifty thousand happy
women testify to this fzp
grateful letters to MrsY
Pis,kkianl.
Mems fruafi0n IS IN 4
severe strain on a W0-
mans Vitality If IL 10
painful something 10
wrong which
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

In Use For Over 80 Years. "
The Kind You Have Always Bought
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
prnnes II califarnIa.

A report from San Jose says that ac-
cording to the best figures obtainable,
California produced last year 10000
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

y, Halls Catarrh Cure
Is constitutional cure. Price, 75c.
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

Knowing the merits OF the preparations
of the ]. & c. Mcguire Medicine company
of st. Louis, Mo-, we take pleasure in
stating to the public that they have sue
ceeded in furnishing the army and navy;
established in 1871, they have steadily
grown in favor with the public, not hav-
Ing one failure to report in fifty-nine
years. Their Benne Plant, Cundurango
etc, have become a household word,
They are now sold by all druggists. ASK
for booklet free, and If ycu, ever get the
Diarrhoea, Dysentery. or Cholera Nor
bus. give Benne Plant a trial. and you
will be convinced. Every article made
by the Mcguire Medicine company Is
guaranteed to do what is claimed for it..
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02

Not always a high-iiver-the balloon
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
ats Honor Fi.hes. Also.

+ Judge The charge against you is
drunk and disorderly What have yo1
to say ?
Prisoner (eagerly)--I was fishing,
and
Judge (easerly)- What luck?
1.-THE prisoner talks volubly for I'VE
minutes. while the face of the judge
gradually hardens1
discharged on the charge OF drunk
enLess and held for perjury"
The Bemidji pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minn.) 1896-1917, 1900-08-02
----~------>D--
EDUCATIONAL.
the UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME,

NOTRE DAME, INDIANA,
Classics. Letters, Economics and History
journalism, Art, Science, Pharmacy. law
Civil, Dechanical ana Electrical Engineering,
Architecture
Thorough Preparatory, and Commercss'
Rooms Free Junior or Senior Year, Collegiate
Courses Rooms to Rent, moderate charges
ST. Edward's Hstl, for boys under l3
The S7th Year will open September 4th, f0oO
Catalogues Free. Address
= REV. A. MORRlSSEY. 6. s G.. presid~nf-
Sharp County record., 1900-10-12

Charlie Anderson, a negro,
who committed criminal assault
upon Mrs. Edwards, a white lady
Of Pulaski county last spring,
was found guilty by a jury at
Little Rock last week and SEN
fenced to hang. The case against
him was most complete. Arkan-
sas sets an example to other To-
calities in dealing with cases Of
this character. In this case the
law dealt with the criminal, and
tho state is not the sufferer by
the work Of those who would re,
sort to mob violence or burn o
the stake.