The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-01-21

lines indicate alt gether too much sharpness 81
outline. Recently a scientific pilot graphef
III New York has succeeded in making enlarged
ph't graphs Of micr.scopiC objects, in which
many Of the faults shown in microscope photo
graphs are av ided. a certain degree Of sharp
ness has been list but rOunded and Dther RE ular
sur aces are made = appear a. they really are,
and n I fiat, as the same surfaces would appear
IN Photographs taken with a micr, SC, pic lens,
lie calls his " TX pr lectiNe rhct, graphy. The
principles he utilities have ,ng been know ard
taken advantage OF, but he seems to be tie first
tpuse hem for making large pictures Of diminutive
minute insects and the like, And. as II is impos-
slble t. patent his plan, ii likely that il will 10
used extensively IN the future in preparing illus
TRAN MS for scientific publications OF various sorts,
works on entumglugy, and the like.
Professional photographers and many ana
tours will understand this method when Il Is ex-
planned that protective Photography IL a modi-
ficatOn Of the methods used in n reducing and
charging camera. To those not conversant
with photography II may b. explained that tbs
same principle Is employed in the magic lantern
Magic lantern slides are never more than two
OF three inches in size, vet the image thrown upon
the screen covers many square ieSt lts sizo
depends upon the distance between tn light AMI
the slide mud between the lantern lens and TIE
screen, The rays Of light passing through the
lens spread as they extend OutWdrl, showing
larger on the screen in exact relation To- the sac.
Separating IL from the lantern. Were the light
strong enough, aud The image on the sill" a
y" limit To the possible magnifyinc power If the
lantern, Were the screen a gigantic sensitive
plate the result would be an enormous photo.
graphic negative. All Photographic enlarge.
ment, are. made by the utilization Of this prin.
ciple, From his explanation it will BE- plain.
70 all possessing even slight knowledge Of pho
tography that pictures showing high maguiiicn-
ton Of minute objects can be readily taken with
q lens Of Gomparntivrly low power. The chief
ordinary enlargement work is this: In the latter
IN" enlarged, negative or print is produced by
passing she light rays through a glass positive
ar npru1IXn ayr Ntl- M f1l.t. -. ,.-..l ,l--,.k
III" eide in n magic lantern and thrown up una
snnsluVe pLntc nr sen,Iuhnl paper, while in pro-
be phot' X raph',l is Itself thrown up.
IL The oblect be transparent as a section of the
pa maIer, die covering Of the brain, or other
transparent tissue, the light may be passed
through IL 10 show IFS STRUCTURE II the object
be Opaque, as an insect, the light is allowed To
iali upon |. exactly as IN ordinary photography.
dr df ,"rm OF Genera used yirmally differs from ne
The, plate may be further removed from dc lens.
\ ,prnlecuVe Photograph maguifying 800 unles
has been aiken Il the toes # a mouse. i'm which
every detail, even 10 the structure Of each hoir
IS clearly shown. Til" field # the lens yidi Which
!ne mouse tees were aiken il amost a square
might have been enlarged coo lines as readily
as Du ,Bui a microscopic lens magnifyinc
o9iy 20 dlamejers covers a field only one ffth
OF a square inch in extent, while a lens thnt will
magnify 1000 tines covers only about i.oOOth
OF q square inch.
The accompanying diagrams will make III.
,N'N' nv llBh power ana tie Low
power lens clear Figure | indicates The massage
81 the rays from an object photographed by n
, p",h p 10 ,Ha lens .. the rlae Figure q shows tho
! ne Slhr OF he object and II the image is assumed
70 be the same in boCh CasaG Tho image nro.
aufeI 9y one low power glass will show less de-
d'itu uelil,uoh' Dut. much grea tcr Penetration
or d"pth ot focus. while the image thrown bv tbs
lens ! high power will present more details, mora
% ,nn Dut LEGS depth Of focus The magnify.
or perspective, while the other lens. n,,at IN
ne"prr camera, allowing greater distance between
Viii" i tha p,n., VIII produce equal Inagnifca,ion
81 E.li'l, " nmuch, greater degree, and theretoic
VIII r'Semhl, the object far moro closely
body, SN pp@arI, for iT NJ ta tUrs'fr; SSupGosc a round
iISutr ) shows how the light ravs uoniJ Nos.
iia,mnm we Ibrct u Tie plnte through a low power
he shown in the nCrro-about as dcr,nesN nut
~ wr.,n "pirar as a curved %surface. though with
tH1"'T patS Nf lTo lev HS, , Grtsii; Tigu,e 4 shovs
I'M IN "" heure about 100 degrees IL taken
b be- pl,, " WY nS very smalI par, Of Ne prarl would
and Ia :, ,pLr', t,nlgA every mlnuest speck
Suirsce II this lens were focused on the' ,,ini
SHOW sRarpiy.' I sar,ace a small circle would
omhy; a ting would b. defined, since ali tho pc.,e,
az J, lut,'rf rafts Of the poarl would he ei,he,
blurred rs ut u be rec1rriyeble' A a%n o noife 70
ton az a p'stnre ola parl taken by marnincs.
~ . ,in ~ supplS' !" wac l'DkinF at tho picture
W. ~ ing AMI the tsIo appearance OF tbe' al iect
"!,lif be ei t,relv lost 'o "u!'''
4, "a" MIC 15cop!cl photograph il of u,e o,lv
~ tuuy'ng surface, TIE pores Of tMe YIN fofI
ms " wIr or any oh!St that has no tn,cknrF.s
;, 30 y " birl1 from the statement Mai n lcns
mASniy,ns ZOO lines has a dep,S a; trrs
show an s20o,, Of an inch, II viii ~theretprc
snective rTamoA' un6pprecHabie amount Of ,sI-
rniu'e nus ~ Why .p.ptts. Whom ,,.,rcd
s ssgS' : microscope looa like silnons ttcs In.
II nruu'a NJ 'e studied micro.rntn IDEALLY.
is C.spI,alr Rrsrrlnn OF ihcr true appearances
ari | II ny procuring a co rera Of ctr derth
nsn '.iyhuy stronger lens unn IS cnn'uoniy
proiucc nnonpn,mi''cly u~nsknled amateur nay
other shall "bInr,1u Photographs of Insects ord
On I. ~, eNpLSlt" need not necessarily be great
snfbeis ,t bflELt day 80 s4conda i, ~ nsrnJiy
ma, y, III, Ipr excellent result. bu, az r,Irsc.
- "rnuua experiment is tn, best teacher, Teach.
desir. dy ma IN protective phot,gr,phr n ions
physioioS @a . ,n We -teaehing Of natural hisdS