davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-06-16
ia \. RIM IN ND G. E DEN.
Some Up-to-Dats Hiats About Cur
tiyation of the. B sou and Yields
Thersof p orticulture, Vitioulture and
F1oriculture. ss # Il SH
Conserving Manure.

'SOMS0rVAn& h1&nuEet s75
IA common with other things that
are under control Of trusts there has
been a sharp advance III the price Of
chemicals en- that the farmers use for the
manufac ture OF commercial fertilizers
or that the manufacturers use ii the
making UP Of commercial grades. This
IS said to- be especially true of the
materials that contain nitrogen. it
therefore behooves the farmer to look
after the fertilizers he has on the
farm IN BY the ordinary manner Of
handling manure at least half Of the
nitrogen is lost. One-half OF the value.
OF the excrement from our cattle and
other stock is in the liquids which on
many farms are not saved at all. Nj
trogen especially abounds lii the
liquids, as is evidenced. by the am
.mlonia they throw of. We want again
to urge that every farmer take meas
uresS to save these valuable products.
Ih he farmers that have manure piles
that are exposed to all weathers and
lhat have no arrangement to save the
liquids. should at once stop the waste.
" means hundreds Of dollars to the
pocket ''cl Of every farmer. Remember
that the manure pile is not only as
sailed BY the rain but by the air, and
me latter helps to deprive it Of its
ammonia = [l1o' MA form of nitrogen. It is
not; nor enough to prevent manure sfrom
! I'sls;I and washing, it must be kept
: from drying out and thus losing it's
ammonia, or a large part of it. = :s5s
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-06-16
D. ~ .---
Care in Milking.

--r ~
h How to keep milk sweet without pre-
servatives is a question that confronts
every dairyman. The question is only
half answered by some Of our best
+ !dairymen, and not answered at all, by.
others. There is. probably no better.
food for the growth Of bacteria than
milk mill and once in it they will develop
with astonishing rapidity. In the I'D
der OF the average COW there is no bac-
terra, and to get this milk into closed
cans without exposing it to great
number Of bacteria is the heart of the
problem: From the time the milk
leaves the udder till it gets into the
closed can it must run through the
midst Of the bacteria that it is desir-
able shall not be incorporated with it.
At the exit from the teat it encounters
thousands Of these mi ute plants. I'M
less they have been washed out. Other,
bacteria drop from the outside of the.
udder, into the milk pail, unless the
outside of the udder has been washed.
From the hands of the mixer fall sew
eral different kinds Of bacteria. I'M
less the hands have been washed. Fin.
al; ally ~ the bottom and seams OF the;
pail are found still other bacteria un-
less the pail has been made more than
usually clean. By close attention to
all OF these details the milk can be
made to- pass trough air that is COM
parat1vely free from fermentive bac-
terra. ss... ". ss5...,
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-06-16

ssliag "a Inc sf M III
The feeding yalus 81 alfalfa dsrendss
somewhat on tho time ct which 81 Il
cut Tests 81 the Utah station rave
the following result
Tha,agat cson - 1850 ~
Yield A each sof the five tests and rs
fourteen out of the fifteen cuttings.
while. |. the third crop gave the lowest
Tor ft'lE every test and III every cutting but
one on The average acre yields Tor the
i've Years. including ali cuttings, stand
ia the foil lowing relation: First crop.
100; second. IS; and third, 80. For tina,
early cuttings alone, first crop, 100:
second, So; third, Sc.
2 "a the average composition of ali
cuttings for three years, this nutrients
5of the three crops vary hut little. The
second has slightly the highest per.
cent OF protein and fiber: and the third
' the most tat and nitrogen free extract.
. The third crop has the largest
proportion Of leaves to stems; but the
per cent of protein in the leaves is
highest in the SECOND crop, i and next
highest in the first. The leaves Of the
first crop contain the most fat and Of
the second the least $s5,5
The third scron mod - 81 !. !, ob :,
average rate Of gain 81 IN, B feadinse,
tests than the first a second and also
higher than anv= Of the. sanarate' c,,t.
tings. The annnnt ea+o, = ! - :, ! )
also highest a. Al hit m ., Z, 49, i,
7re.e+ih1
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-06-16
~, ~ :. 49, . = y - = y =
Treat Oats, for. Smut.

4 The sowing of oats without first
treating the seed for smut is a cause
or great loss to farmers. This loss is
far greater than one would suppose
without investigation. Y Investigations
IN !. Illinois, show that. the annual loss
70 the oat crop in that state is from
o TO * per- cent, with an average of
about ten per cent: This means about
500 10000 bushels Per Year. One rea-
son why the loss to the cat CROP from
smut is underestimate is that many
OF the smut heads are whipped off nv
the wind and SO are unnoticed, but at
harvest time the stalk that is cut Isl
bare bare Then again the stalks affected
by smut are frequently dwarfed and
DO not show among the other heads,
even in the sheaf Then, too, smut
sometimes exists without being rec
ognlzed, it being set down as blight.
!: his a[l loss can be entirely prevented by
'a.<a'g the oats with hot water, dip-
ping the seed oats in water for five
minutes at temperature Of 1870 to 137
degrees. For this work a kettle is
needed as well as two barrels and
thermometer. One barrel should con-
tain warm water and another cold
water water The oats should be sacked in
quantities of one to ons and half
!. pu y '11 The kettle should be large
enough to hold one bag at a time.
After the bag Of oats has remained
!. Tor the specified time in the kettle Of
hot water it should be lifted out and
dipped at once into the barrel Of cool
water. The barrel Of warm water IS
used to take off the chill from the oats
before dipping in the water at 132 de-
grees. If the day. be warm this pre-
caution will not be necessary. The
oats can be sown at once by hand
without drying. 5
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-06-16

I p bother With. AK him 4 81 how l,s|
knows and Il most cases he viii an
swer that he has that impression he
has never counted the eggs he has ~
ceiyed-or the I meat. nor has he taken
any account OF the rich fertilizer.
sss
f n-breeding Is followed 81 care
should be taken to eliminate all the
weak birds as breeders on either side:
Out. reeding tends to correct this, and.
When out breeding is followed itY Il.
less necessary to. eliminate the weak
ones, or. rather, # there will be fewer
I weak '7's' ones. In breeding is not to be
entirely discouraged, !. but 1t should be-
done q. with Judgment. s3
One reason why blooded birds some
times do not do as well as common
stock is because they are kept con-
lined, while the common stock have.
the run Of the farm. The exercise and
variety Of food they. obtain go long
way to giving good results. The man
that has birds that he wants to use for
breeders should arrange to give them
all the space they need. 2s. .g 5& rs
Temperature Of Eggs. hen the
thermometer is laid on the eggs, if it
is kept in that position, it should have
the bulb resting on a fertile egg in.
stead Of on an unfertile one. The
fertile. eggs are warmer than the in
fertile ones by one or two degrees,
and if the thermometer is laid on the.
infertile eggs it will register too low.
This Z in turn will result in keeping the
temperature too high. 4 %5+3. <. ssss I Ii
/ y $4Ee~s,&,%S<;. ~ + = " ~
~ The man that wants to make a sue.
cess of poultry raising must first give
attention to the health OF his fowls.
This is the first thing to be looked
after. It should not only receive the.
first attention, but it should receive
the bulk of attention ever after. .*z.E 80.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-06-16
Branch IVy.

This is called also hem1ock, calf kill,
leucothoe, dog laurel. It is a poison
Gus shrub, evergreen two to four feet
high, with thick, tapering, sharply
saw-edged leaves and numerous clus-
ters Of small, white, tubular, ill-smell-.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-06-16
Forestry Exhibit in Paris.

# The exhibit of the division of for
.estry for the Paris Exposition is now,
complete and on the way to Paris. It
viii be one Of the most novel Of thu
government exhibits and will be
wholly distinct from the commercial
features Of numbering to be shown in
another nc department.. The display will
De IN the. form of hall or pagoda, the
walls Of which consist of large trans
parencles illustrating American forest
conditions. These walls will be doubla.
and illuminated by interior electric
lights. The pictures range in size from
8 by feet to 4 by s feet. There viii
be two transparencies. 6 by 10 feet.
portraying groves Of red fir and Cali
=tornla big trees, two of the most i'm
press1ve American trees. A point will.
be made of the relation of forestry to
agriculture, and such subjects as pro-
tectlve forests, the use Of trees in pre-
serving water supply, the manage.
ment OF woodlands etc., are fully IL
Illustrated. The extent Of the timber
resources of the United States. will be.
shown by pictures from all important
lumber regions. The distribution Of
forests will be shown by maps. Twenty
of the most imp rtant American woods
will be represented by sections 81
trees. *S:5Ss RS s.#Szs
Exercise and Health Of Fowls. AS.
fowls are ordinarily fed exercise is
positively necessary to enable them to
digest the. food they take. "a ration IF
grain in large part and other things Is
small part means that the fowls will.
Z have to develop muscle and energy to.
do the work Of grinding. But it IS
possible to SO feed the fowls that ex-.
sercise will not be Of any value. This.
/ is. shown by the French method Of fat
tening fowls. They are shut up IN a
cage and fed on a soft mash several
times a day They are given no room.
at all for exercise, yet keep perfectly
healthy and deVe1o p meat and fat at a
great rate. sss=
Bedding for Horses. good way tu
keep horses clean in the stable is is:
%clean out all dirt etc, and then cover
the floor about three Or four inches
thick with dry saWdust. as far back in
stall as the horse usually stands, then
cover the saWdust with straw, or bed
ding that you maj use, The sawdust
will absorb he isture5 and therefore
make the other bedding last longer in
case lit is scarce The saWd lust should
lie replaced byfresh ccasionaIl
us Some farmers are making butter that
costs them 80 cents a pound and do,
not know They are sling the
same butter for IS cents q pound, and
wonder why the debts on the farm IN
crease.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-06-16

ing flowers, which appear in April or
May. It grows abundantly, often
forming dense thickets along the
stream banks in the Allegheny noun
tains from West Virginia to northern
Georgia. = .z-,>,#s 5@s> ~ tS8. ! & Az y
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-06-16
Horticultural Observations

Horticultural Observations. II E:s.
q well cultivated orchard on. deep
rlch soil should send down its roots
much deeper than an orchard not Gull
tlvated. Consequently it should be,
able to stand cold better than trees
y uncultivated orchards. It is true
ne irost may go deeper, but the root
ss aa outstrip the frost. -.s
4 NJ *~*yy4 81
Il Mr.. John Mcdonald OF Michigan
says: learned last year that fruit
trees standing in grass: winter better
than those well cultivated, A great
m: many apple and pear trees died last
sunni owing to the hard preceding
WINTER = The general conclusion that
Mf. Mcdonald draws from that expert
. ence is not well founded. If all our
winters were like the one 6f 1889 we
would have to- stop cultivating our
orchards, and we could then state as
q general proposition that cultivated
trees are liable to be frozen out be-
cause the frost can strike 5ins deeper
and and stay longer. But that winter was
one Of exceptional severity and 1t is.
doubtful II we will have another like
y Tor 30 years to come. The ground
was bare and froze deeply. Probably
IN some sections the roots Of the trees
did not thaw out till after the buds
and leaves had appeared. But we must
figure on ordinary and not on extra
ordinary years. An orchard planted
now may grow to maturity and fail
with old age and be succeeded by an
other orchard that will likewise dis
appear from old age before we have
another ;all winter with conditions iden-
LlcaI with the one named. Cultivation
is desirable, and we will have to take
our chances on the unusual winter. y
s. 7. Wilkinson Of Branch county,
Michigan, sends the following to the
State Board Of Agriculture: All apple
orchards in this vicinity that had been
both cultivated and sprayed bore a
full crop Of fine apples. Most or
cha la1 sprayed and not cultivated had
i partial crop Of fairly good fruit,
while but few orchards not sprayed
had more than 10 per cent Of crop.
With peaches, I have experimental
some for three years with some varie-
ties in same plot andRet at the same
time. The first crop in 1898 from the
cultivated portion bore 80 per cent Of
full crop Of fine, large, well formed
n fruit, while the uncultivated trees bore
20 per cent full crop Of second class
{ fruit. Cultivated trees killed by last
. winters freezing, so per cent; uncui-
tivated killed, 2 per cent. Have reset
] cultivated portion and cultivated
whole plat. All have made good
growth and look fine. I think that it
pays to cultivate judiciously all peach
orchards and SOW rye or some other
cover crop about August =. Heel in
with dirt all trees under bearing age
i at least one foot high. as our winters
4 are very likely to be bare of snow, and
would both cultivate and spray all
apple orchards. II
Potash and Starch, Potatoes.
The Connecticut Experiment Station
made experiments to compare the ef
feet Of nuriate with that Of sulphate
of potash on the starch content ant
r,f here. Thu IT'S f,nfa toes & were
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-06-16
Cleanliness Id PasteurizattOn.

Cleanliness In Pasteurizatfon. a.
In conve rsation with represent
tative of the Farmers Review H. B.
;Gurler said that he. had got beyond
.Pasteuriz on-he had reached the
point where he could produce milk so
clean that it does not need pasteuriza-
ton. That Mr.. Gurler is doing this is
quite evident from the fact that he has;
q large trade in Chicago that pays y
cents a quart for his milk, while other
milk is selling at s and d cents per.
quart. Pasteurization Of milk is bound
TO be q very imp ortant factor IN the
handling Of milk J, for the reason that
few men will give the attention to the
matter that is necessary IL absolutely
clean milk is to be produced. Cleanli-
ness is preferable to d pasteurization,
but unfortu ate1yi IS much more diff
fcult to- duce milk that Is absolute.
" clean than It is. to pasteur1ze.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-06-16
"a Queer Appetite.

+ ~ r.
Occasionally we hear Of cattle that
develop an abnormal appetite for, wood,
eating rotten pieces OF boards, etc. AI
contributor to Narlonal Stockman
states that at one Crawford county in
stitute, gentleman complained that
one of his COWS had eaten a pig-pen, a.
string Of fence and other lumber on
the premises, and he had been com
PEELED to fence her away from the barn
to save it. He has fed her many and
various feeding stuffs; besides bone
neal, saWdust and other side Dishes
With lumber atspresent prices, the COW
has expensive tastes. He wishes to-
know what produced the appetite, and
what will cure it. He thinks he has
provided foods that furnish ali the
mineral elements needed, and the 1n-=
/ clination to chew sticks and boards
seems now to be only a yici Gus habit.
Temperature Of Incuba tors It Is de-
sirable to keep the thermomete as:
near s1O2 degrees as possible. This
will be hard to do unless the Their
is
81 that registers five. or six degrees
! too low the temp ramture will be kept
at q height that will be likely to shat
ter al hopes Of = hatch slight
#fal ling IN temperature fora time will
not do great damage, especially ID the
warmer parts Of til g year
The Oregon State Fair Asso ciation
s1assaan onnced aSnremium of $50 for
the best display OF animal ffo effone
farm the collection to- include at least
Two horses, Ave scattl five sheep, i've
Angora goats and Ave ss4aii
Ving-bars', IS 4 term applied to any
/ line of dark color across the naidd
of the wings caused BY the color 81
marking Of the feathers known as the
8 lower wing covert .
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-06-16

Vegetable Co1oring The green col
oring used Tor ice cream, frostfng;
candies, etc, Is called pigtachio, but is
made from spinach and Is peril ctlyl
harmless. red col oring matter il
made from beets, and 4 yellow one
from carrots. IS few drops 81 the red
will give q delicate shade 81 pink. Il
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1900-06-16

The reason why farmers do not APP
,preciate what the flock does for them
lis because no records are kept. man man
win tell You that q, ickens do not pay
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1900-04-14
CABINET DISCUSSES PLANS.
WAR DEPARTMENT TO CONTROL PORTO
RICO UNTIL MAY /

washington. April 13-The Cabinet meeting
to-day was occupied largely in a discussion of
Porto Rlcan affairs, and particularly the bill
which was signed bv the President yesterday.
The provisions of the bill were carefully gone
over and suggestions were made as to the per-
sonnet Of the administration of the island
Secretary Gage has already taken steps 10 as
sumo charge Of the collection of the customs
duties and an expert will soon be designated to
go over the island and inspect the present sys-
TEN. with a view to making any changes, either
in methods or personnel. that may seem neces-
sary.
Secretary Gage has decided that the customs
feature Of the law goes into operation on May l.
This action was taken the result Of con-
ference at the Treasury to-day between Assist
ant Secretary Meiklejohn and Assistant Secre-
tary Spaudng The War Department has re-
ceiy-ed many inquiries from persons in different
sections Of the country calling attention to the
apparent discrepancy in the Porto Rican act and
asking for official statement to the date
when the duties will go into effect. The con-
cluson reached applies TO all the affairs of the
Island and the War Department will retain
complete control and direction there until May l
It is expected that Governor Allen will be in
san Juan before the end OF the present month";
but he will not undertake TO assume his office
until the date named
II is understood that no selection Of a
cessOr 10 Mr. Allen Assistant Secretary Of
the Navy will be made until Secretary Long
returns to Washington from Colorado and has
had opportunity to express his preference
in the matter Meanwhile the tide OF place
seekers has turned upon Mr. Aliens office, and
the White House, some Of the applicants not
even waiting for the Presidents signature TO
the organic act before presenting their claims
for some post connected with the government OF
Porto Rico. The indica tons are that no ap
pointments will be made until Mr.. Allen has
had opportunity TO reach San Juan and
personally look into the conditions there.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1900-04-14

OBITUARY.
MRS. MARY ATwATER NEELY.

Bower, n. C. April 10 CSpeciaD-Mrs Mary At
water Nicely died here yesterday. She the
ond wife of the late Rev. @. w. Nicely. who died
five months ago. and the stepmother of Mrs. Alice
NJ Houghton. wife OF Professor Walter Raleigh
Houghton the historian; of Arthur c. and F. Ten
nyson Nicely. Mrs. Nicely born at Mentor, Ohio.
October 81 1910. Her five brothers Professor
AMI Atwater. of the faculty Of the State Univer-
sity of Indiana: the Rev. John Atwater of Winston,
y c.: Professor O. s Atwater. of Iowa University;
Howard Truadley and Frederick Truedley Of ohio.
She was married to the Rev. @. W. Nicely at Salem
Ala in 1872 and with her husband devoted her
life 10 the establishment of schools and churches
and the education of the poor people Of the SOUTH
where they we're both generally known and be-
loved
Mrs Nicely was the author of many poems anu
articles which have appeared in magazines anu
newspapers She was possessed OF rare h'eil-
90 nee brilliantly educated and held In hlSh resALu
ard admiration by many scholars She nIteu ~
own children for college. Many or the Illiss5
row occupying pulpits in the Soutr were W. -
nv rho pew DIR Nicely and educated by him anu MS
Iyife They did much 70 build up Butter OniVersltS
ard other institutions for the educauOn OF Sou. .
men for the ministry. Their missionary WoLh 49,
erad almost every State in the South; anu stoh
The moIntains Of Virginia and many places Ili
could be reached only by wagon OF on no CS,;o 70
For several wears they made their nome IN i
With +heir son F TennysOn Nicely. Inc LuieiaA
will he held sunday
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1900-04-14
J. D. SARVEN'S WILL FILED.
RESIDUARY PART OF A LARGE ES-
TATE GOES TO CHARITY.

The will of James d Sarven. the inventor who
died at Tarrytowu last week, filed with Surro-
gate Silkman on Wednesday, Mr.. Sarven left
large fortune, the value of which at present cannot
be ascertained. BY the terms of the will John H.
Sarven. George NJ. Sarven, nephews, and Iona
Nichols a niece are each receive 900. To the
trustees Of Sleepy Hollow Cemetery is left $500
Ten thousand dollars is to be created trust fund
the income therefrom to be paid to Sarah NJ
Trowbrdge during her natural life. At her death
the principal Is TO go 10 the resduaIy estate To
George E. Carter is left in trust $1,000 to be in
vested by him. The income is to be paid TO Ruth
Williams and Mary Williams annually until they
are twenty-one years old when they are TO get
the principal.
James D. Sarven. of Pulaski, Tenn. receives
bequest of 5000 To the Tarrytown Hospital the
testator leaves 5000 endowment fund to es-
tabish the Sarven bed.
The twenty-second clause Of the will follows:
In view OF the fact that Harriet L. Burgess was
my constant attendant while | was under treat
for my eyes the hospital, and has since
that time been OF great advantage to me In keeping
my books and in a general business way. now
give, and bequeaath to her zoo shares OF Northern
Pacific first preferred railroad stock
The Young Mems Lyceunl, of Tarrytown receives
$1,000 and John McStay, trusted employee, is re-
membered by bequest Of s1Go1.
The following small bequesIs TO individuals are
made: Miss Helen Coutant, daughter Of DR.. Cou-
Nellie Williams Foster ZOO: Sadie Williams car
$.0o0; Catharine Stephens, S1,000; William P Halves
$1,000; Edward Halves, $1,000, and Charles F. Halves,
The remainder of the estate is TO be divided into
four equal parts and be distributed as follows one
Presbyterian Hospital one-quarter the American
Bible Society and one-quarter to the American
Willard and Richard B. Coutant are named as trus-
tees of the estate and executors of the will