The Wheeling daily intelligencer. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1865-1903, 1900-09-08
SCIENTIFIC MISCELLANY.

sumption--The Sound of Heavy
Guns-Protecting the Crawhai:-A
Measure for sounds-Wild Animals
in New Homes-An Improved Lamp
Filament-An Electric Cartridge.
Scientific actiylt, In the first year of
the twentieth century Should he greatly
stimulated by. the large number OF
prizes $500 TO 5000 francs each offered
for the year by the Paris Society for the
Encouragement OF Natloaal Industry.
These are few, OF the chief subjects,
competition being open TO all rauons:
A motor weighing less than 50 kllo-
grams per horse power developed; an
important advance In mechanical meth
DDS OF transmitting energy; autolno-
biles specially suitable for town aud
country respectively; the utilization OF
any vast. product; publication useful
to chemical or mctailu-sicll Industry:
useful scientific researches IN chenii3-
try: an improvement In the manufac-
tuie OF chloride; Tie discovery OF 4 use
full new alloy;a study, OF the expanziSn.
elasticity and tenacIty Of pottery clays
and glazes; 4 scientific study OF the
physical and mechanical properties Of
glass; a raw method Of manufacturing
tuning sulphurIc acid: a method OF
making steel OF useful properties by
adding new element. Few methods OF
utilizing petroleum for lighting and
heating: a method OF purifying watir
for domestic uae; special two-cand.n
power incandcscent electric lamp. a
method for producing an indefinite
number OF Photographic posIt.yes In
color; a memoir on the cycle industry.
and a study OF commercial syndicate<.
Several plans for treating tubercu!o-
sis by electricity have been brought for
ward. The Bieyer method consisted in
placing a pad over the diseased part OF
the lung on the chest and another On
the back. aud passing 2 high volta5-
current through the body for twenty 0.
thirty minutes. the application being
often repeated. By the crottc method
q powerful antlscptic was forced
through the lungs by static electricity.
The Carroll method, claimed to have
given very favorable results. is design
ed to eliminate tubcrcular mattrr
through the action OF 4 high frequency
and high voltage current from , ea:a
osclllator.
A recent thundcrbolt in England
plowed trench over three feet deep.
seven inches wide and twelve fee. InGg
In solid clay. hurting clods sixty feet.
In the event OF a modern naval battle
Observation-Disclosures and Rugsia. It
may be assumed that under favorable
conditions the roar OF the heavy arl!l-
.lery OF to-day would be heard from $50
to $50 miles away. DR.. Charles Davl- |
son, who is studying the subject, finds
records showing that the firing at the
battle Of Camperdown. October II, 1877, |
was noticed more than 200 miles away.
at Sebastopol, 1853 miles: at Malvern
Hill and Manassas. about l25 miles; and
at the sinking OF the Alabama, nina |
miles. In sulutes and mock battles the
firing Is not so heavy. much lighter
powder charges being used. AT the
naval reviews Of spithcad In 1867 and |
1887. and at Sherbourg In 1000, !. seems !
that the sound OF the guns reached |
places more than 100 miles distant. and
q somewhat doubtful report OF 1856 miles
was made In 1897 and OF 1856 miles In |
1900. or the travel OF the sound OF sin
gle guns. little more seems to be known
than that the tlme-guns OF Bombay
have been heard more than fifty miles
away. From the careful observations
near cherbourg. II appears that the FIR
Ing from the forty three vessels (includ-
ing thirteen OF thu largest battleships)
sounded at n distance Of slxty-nve
miles exactly like the discharge OF great
guns: 1T about seventy-flve miles, as {
continuous rumbl!ng. with occasional
heavier booms: at greater distances, us
a deep monotonous throbbng, like the
beats OF distant steamers paddles:
and Mt very great distances, as n curl
GUS throbbing-felt quite as much as
heard-,hat may have ratified windows.
The saving from extinction OF the
crawiish-an important source Of food
Is among the claims OF serumthcrapy.
A mysterious disease has driven this
species from many rivers and brooks,
but the discovery OF the germ OF the
disease has been followed by successful
experiments In preparing an nntitoxic
serum. InoculatIons are made at the
age OF nine months and again ut four
years. This Inoculated crawhsh are
branded on the tail. and tho marked In
div!duais are found to remain healthy.
The sound-mcasuring apparatus Of
NJ. F., Larroque consists OF an electro
magnetic tranBmitter and an electro
magnetic receiver containing n movable
core of iron filings. The core Is with
drawn until the sound ceases, and thu
vanishing points OF two sounds are in
this way compared. .'s
Within the next century wo mny ex.
peotsa striking chungn Of the worlds
fauna through the shifting OF animal
homes by man MS well us through hu.
man destructivcncss. In tho forests
nnd parks OF England. Franco and Ger
many. numerous foreign deer, n nteloprs