davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11
Democratic Clubs Organize!

By virtue of the Constitution OF
Democratic party, the President of
each Democratic club in this county
is hereby requested to call meeting
of his club at the usual place of
meeting, on April 2S:h inst, being
the fourth Saturday of the month,
for the coming campaign. Each
club should elect President, vice.
President, Secretary, a Treasurer
and one executive committee man to
serve for the next two years. The
President should also appoint a: com
mittee on enrolment and one on
registration. Each club should elect
one delegate for every twenty. five
votes, or majority fraction thereof
cast at the first primary in 1898, to
represent the club in the county con-
vention to be held and which is
hereby called to meet at Lexington
court house, at 10 o'clock a. M, on
May 7th, being the first Monday in
Nay. G. NJ Enrd,
County Chairman Lex Dem.
April 3td, 1900.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11
Remedy for Pneumonia.

A correspondent Of the New York
Sun cfzrs the following prescription
fer pneumonia:
Take six to ten onions, according
to size and chop fine, put in a large
spider ever hot fre; then add
about the same quantity Of rye meal,
and vinegar enough to make thick
paste.
IL the meanwhile, stir it thoroughly,
letting it simmer five CT ten minutes.
Then put in bag large enough to
cover tie lungs, and apply it to the
chest as lot as you can bear it.
When it gets cool apply another, and
thus continue by relocating the poul-
tices. In few hours the patient
will be out OF danger.
This simple remedy has never failed
in this too often fatal malady. Usu-
ally three or four applications will be
sufficient; but continue always until
Precipitation starts freely from the
chest.
This simple remedy was formu-
lated many years ago By one Ct the
best physicians New England has
ever known, who never lost patient
by this disease, and won his renown
by saving persons by simple rene
dies after The best medical talent had
prorcnuccd their case hopeless.
Personally We know Of three per-
sors nho we're saved by the remedy
last Writer IN Boston after their ply
sicians Lao given them up to die,
and If record vas made of all sim-
ilar ceees during the last six years it
would ell e good sized volume.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11

A Florida farmer, after Kidding
his own farm of snakes by turning
loose among them q drove Of razor
back hogs, now rents out the animals
to bis neighbors for a similar pur,
pose.
The Russian photographers have q
strange way of Furnishing those who,
having received their photographs,
do not pay their bills. They hang
the pictures of the delipquents up
side down at the entrance to their
studies.
mo family can afford to be with.
out One Minute Cough Cure. It will
stop cough and cure cold quicker
than any other medicine" writes G
W. Williams, Sterling Run, Pa. 1t
cures Group, bronchitis and all throat
and lung troubles and prevents con-
sumption. Pleasant and harmless.
j. E. Kaufman.
Even the square peg in the round
hole may accomplish something by
pegging away.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11

W. W. Mayhew, Merton, Wis,
says, II consider One Minute Cough
Cure a most wonderful medicine,
quick and safe" lis the only harm
less remedy that gives immediate re-
suits. 1t cures coughs, colds, Group
bronchitis, grippe, whoopirg cough
pneumonia and all threat and lung
diseases. It's early use prevents
consumption. Children always like
it and mothers endorse it. j. T..
Ksufnann.
That New York woman who wants
to establish school for the train
ing of married women in the manage
ment of husbands is making her
start in the wrong direction. Tie
real crying need of the hour is q
school for the training of married
women in the treatment of their hus-
bands.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11

Saml B. George to Jeff B. Amick,
l lot in Lexington $3.50.
NJ. E. Seay, ct. al. to J. E Rswl,
ct. al, trustees I. O. o. F., lot in
Lexington for SIS.
G. P. Boozer, j. E R. Kyzer and
J. E. Hendrix officers of st. Ste
phens Passionate to ". P. Roof, lot
parsonage, for S6o5.
Plstt Springs.
z A. W. Sturkie to J. D. Sturkie
ct. al, 253 acres for S. and other
consideration.
z A. W. Sturkie to j. D. Sturkie,
lot in CASTOR for SIS and other con-
sideration.
W. A. Spires to Benj Spires, 60
acres for $50.
Saluda.
Paul L. Buckley to Irwin N. Bick-
ley ct. al. interest in 100 acres for
$40.
P. NJ Frick 10 S. Caroline Lindler,
81 acres for $330.5S.
Sandy Run.
Henry J. Seibles to Frank Jumper
PSI acres for $1,000.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11
LEXINGTON, S. c., WEDNESDAY, APRIL II, 1900
Carter3 H. Honey, aged Al, of

Cartera H. Honey, aged Al, OF
Fredericksburg, Va. started to Sun.
day School when he was I years OF
age and has missed but one Sunday
since that time--34 years-and that
was the day his mother died. Others
in the same Sunday School have a
record of 7, 9, 10, II and Is years
without missing Sunday.
Otto Korb, Grand Chancellor, K
P Boonville, Ind, says, "DeWitts
Witch Hazel Salve sooihes the most
delicate skin and heals the most
stubborn ulcer with certain and good
results" Cures piles and skin dis
eases. Don't buy an imitation. j.
E Kaufman.
a maiden fair, with sun kissed
hair, came tipping down the street,
with face serene, (her age sixteen)
gee whiz, but she was sweet! On q
banana peel slick she came down
quick, twas a jolt that shook her
curls; but the words she used must
be excused, for she's one of our
incest girls.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11
Glorious News

Comes from DR.. D. B. Cargile, of
Wsshita, I. T. He writes: "Four
bottles Of Electric Bitters has cured
Mrs Brewer of scrofula, which had
caused her great suffering for years.
Terrible sores would break out on
head and fsce, and the best doctors
could give no help; but her cure is
complete and her health is excellent. "
This shows what thousands have
proved-that Electric Bitters is the
best blood purifier known. It's the
supreme remedy for eczema, letter,
salt rheum, Ulcers, boils and running
sores. It stimulates liver, kidneys
and bowels, expels poisons, helps
digestion builds up the strength.
Only so cents. Sold by J. E. Kauf-
mann, Druggist. Guaranteed.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11
How is This?

We offer One Hundred Dollars
Reward for any case Of Catarrh that
cannot be cured by Halls Catarrh
Cure.
F. J. CHENEY & CO., Props,
Toledo, O.
We the undersigned have known
F. J. Cheney for the last Is years,
and believe him perfectly honorable
in all business transactions and fin
ancially able to carry out any obllga-
tion made by their firm.
West & Truax, Wholesale Druggists,
Toledo, O. Walding, Kipnan & Mar
vim, Wholesale Druggists, Toledo, 0.
Halls Catarrh Cure is taken inter-
nally, acting directly upon the blood
and mucous surfaces of the system.
Price 75c. per bottle. Sold by drug
gists. Testimonials free.
Halls Family Pills are the best.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11
PORTO RlCANS ATTACK NEGROES.
Concerted Movement the Outcome 0
The Recent Strike by Mechanics.

Concerted Movement the Outcome 0
the Reeen; Strike by Mechanics.
San Juan de Porto Rico, April g.
At / clock yesterday afternoon the
natives made a concentrated move
ment at Porto Tiera. Different mcbs,
aggregatirg about 1000 men, at
tackled the f,reign co!ored man.
Any English speaking negro was
subject to attack, particularly by the
natives of St. Thomas and St. Kits.
One Porto R:can was killed, one was
seriously injured and three negroes
Of St. Kits we:e dangerously wound
ed. The affair was tie outcome OF the
pier strike and the pretense of the
attack, apparently, was that tee Eng
lish islanders were usurpipg Porto
Rico labor. The islanders anticipated
trouble and some Ct them were
armed with revolvers. The mob en-
tered the house CT st. Kits man,
his abdomen was slashed with ma
chete. Another St. Kits man was
stoned, escaped to the roof and was
forced to jump TO the ground. He
was followed in the street and was
stoned until exhausted when his
head was hammered into jelly.
A company of infantry under
Captain Ak xander and L;eutenants
AnselI and Parker was called out,
martial law was declared, soldiers
now parade the streets and the rum
shops were closed. The mere pres
ence Of the soldiers dispersed the
crowds. There were no demonstra-
tons after the arrival Of the troops.
The condition Of affairs necessities
the presence Of troops indefinitely
in order to prevent mere trouble.
The municipal police ere utterly in
adequate to preserve order or handle
any crowd. They stood BY during
the not, as spectators and made no
attempt to interfere.
The Porto Tiera district of San
Juan is about mile from tue city
hall. l. is understood that the
British consul has demanded pro-
lection for British subjects although
the authorities here will not make
any statement on the subject.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11
ALLEGED CONFESSION.
One OF GoeheIs Murderer's Tells
His Story.

Louisville, April G-Youtsey is re-
ported to have confessed that he
paid jim Howard to kill Goebel.
He says the plot was batched in the
cfi;ce cf Powsrs ard that sixteen
hundred dollars was paid over.
Taylor vas to pardon Howard.
Frankfort, April c. Youtsey's
statement duplicates Taylor. Ee
asserts thai he vas one Of the eight
men who knew Of the conspiracy as
carried out in Powers Office.
TIE men implicated are: Taylor,
Powers, John L. Powers, Charles
Fin!eY, e. H. Cation, Jim Howard,
probably Henry Howard and one
otIer man ard Yout:ey himself.
Y3u:say went ou. Of tie room and
got the $1,000 ard turned it over to
the proper person.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11
Strong Fertilization.

Fortify the body against disease
by TUFTS Liver Pills, an ahso-
lutte cure for sick headache, dys-
pepsia, sour stomach, malaria,
constipation, jaundice, bilious
ness and all kindred troubles.
1.-THE FIy=Nvheei OF Lie "
DR.. Tut; Your Liver Pills are
the fly-wheel oflile. | shall ever
be grateful fer the accident that
broughttI,en to mynot!ce. tee!
as if | had a new lease Of life.
J.Fairlcigh, Platte Cannon, Col.
TUFTS Liver Pills
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11
He Fooled the Surgeons.

All doctors told Renick Hamilton,
OF West Jefferson, O , after suffering
IS months from Rectal FL tula, be
would die unless a costly operation
was performed; but he cured himself
with five boxes of Bucklen's Arnica
Salve, the surest Pile cure on Earth,
and the best Salve in the World. Is
cents a box. Sold by ] +. Ksuf-
mann, Druggist.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11

4 y
trouble" If you could make money
as easily as you can make trouble,
you wouldn't need to borrow any."
In almost every neigbborhood
there is some one whose life has
been saved by Chamberlain's Colic,
Cholera and Diarrhoes Remedy, or
who has been cured Of chronic diar-
rhoes by the use of that medicine.
Such parsons make point Of telling
of it whenever opportunity cffars,
hoping that it may be the means Of
saving other lives. For sale by j..
E. Kaufman.
". H Shipman, Beards!ey, MINI,
under oath, says he suffered from
dyspepsia for twenty-five years.
Doctors and dieting gave but little
relief. Finally he used Kodol Dys-
pepsia Cure and now eats wha. he
likes and as much as be wants, and
be feels like a new man. Il digests
what you cat. j. E Ksufmaun.
There is an old church 10 Wauke-
gan, Wis, which has no steeple, be-
cause CT court mandate forbidding
such a construction. In 1862 a
severe storm swept over the town,
hurling the original spire against the
house next door and wrecking it..
The owner CT the house got an in
Junction restraining the trustees Of
the church from building another
spire, ard this order has held good
fer thirty. eight years.
Buckshoal, n. c., May Is, 1893.
Gertlemen:-Four years ago 7 was
helpless with o misery in my back.
I could not return myself in bed. 1
was treated by my physician, but he
did ne no good. I took one bottle
of DR.. Bakers Female Regulator and
il cured me. I think there is no
medicine on earth ike it.
Mrs. Emma E. Myers.
For sale at the Bazaar.
Ooe Of the most wonderful farms
in The world is situated in Canada.
It's peculiarly lies in the fact that
everything is worked by electricity.
Two waterfalls within the bounds OF
the farm, some 60 feet and $50 feet
high, furnish the motive power, a
central po"er house being erected
near, and the current is transmitted
by wires to every available place on
the farm.
We print leo envelopes and 100
note heads for one dollar, or 100 Of
either for fifty cents. Everybody
should have their stationery printed
as it often saves vexatious delays.
Send us your orders.
There's pointer for some Of our
busy men in this little story Of child
life: Mamma" asked little 3 year
old Freddie, care We going to heaven
some day." Yes, dear. hope Sc,
was the reply, Il wish papa could
90, too,' continued the little fellow.
"Well, and dent you thipk he wili'"
asked bis mother, "Oh, no." replied
Freddie, she couldn't leave his busi-
ness
4 very curious case IS recorded in
the surgical history Of the civil war,
IL which three officers were bit at
the same time. One lad bis leg
from the knee do~n carried away,
but he rode Ten miles TO the hospital.
Another lost Lis little finger, and be
became raving maniac. While a
third was shot through the bcdy,
and, though he did nc: she'd q drop
Of blood externally, dropped dead
f:orl the shock.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11
To Cure a Kicking Cow.

When milking set Jour head tight
in her flank against her hip bone.
When she gets ready to kick, raising
her foot, push her over VITA your
head; this will throw her off her bal
ance ard make her put her feet
down. THIS will soon cure her, un-
less she is born kicker. Ia that
case, futten and sell her to the
butcher.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11
The Appetite Of a Goat.

Is envied by all poor dyspeptics
whose Stomach and Liver are out Of
order. All such should know that
DR.. Kings New Life Pills, the Won
delful Stomach and Liver Remedy,
gives a splendid appetite, sound
digestion and regular bodily habit
that insures perfect health and great
energy. Oaly 25c. at j. E. Kauf-
mann's drug store.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11
Remarkable Cure for Rheumatism.
Kenna, jackson Co., ". Va.

kenGa, jackson Co., w. va.
About three years ago my wife
had an attack Of rheumatism which
confined her to her bed for over a
month aud rendered her unable to
walk a step without assistance, her
limbs being swollen to double their
normal size. Mr.. S. Maddox insist
ed Oh my using characteristics Pain
Balm. purchased fifty cent bot
tie and used it according to the
directions and the next morning she
walked to breakfast without assis-
tance in any manner, and she has rot
had similar attack since.-A. B.
Parsons. For sale by J. E. Kauf-
mann.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11
ous Of His Sight.

CIT OUT! commanded her fsthsr.
'.DJn't let me ever see you here
again"
Very well" rep;iea the confident
young man. Your daughter can
teii yon the rights am 70 call, and
y"n can arrange to be out until 1
leave.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11

From Western grain centres the
report indicates an average wheat
crop. That relates to the winter
crop only, for the spring wheat has
not been sown yet.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11
ADVERTISING RATES.

Advertisements will be inserted at tie
rate OF Is cents per square of one inch
SPACE for first insertion. and so cents per
inch for each subsequent insertion.
Liberal contracts m, de with those wish
ing to advertise for three, six and thelve
months.
Notices in tie local column cents per
line each insertion.
Obituaries charged for at the rate Of o!
cent word wien they exceed 100 words.
Marriage notices inserted free.
Address
G. N. HARMAN, Editor and Publisher.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11

sideration.
Saml. B. George, Referee, to D. E.
Ballentine, 800 acres for $500.
J. N. Fowles to Samuel Smith, 264
acres for 1920.
J. N. Fowles to Samuel Smith, It's
acres for S525.
Broad RIVER.
David Hipp to J. P. Shealy, 49,
acres for $3.50.
David Hipp to j. E. Summer, GO
acres for $500.
Bull Swamp.
Ransome G. Sharpe to ". B.
Bowles, 5sA acres for $3.50.
Garry A. Harman to T. L. Martin,
Al acres for Sl95.
H. R. Goodwin to V. D. F. Rucker,
lot in Swansea for $40.
V.D F. Rucker to R. D P. Rucker,
lot in Swansea for $3.50.
William NJ Laird to Benz. Redd,
SO acres for S305.
Chipquepin.
Alice A. Cooner to Ralph L. Hartley
interest in 248 acres for $50.
W. D. Rikard to NJ. S. Rikard, lot
in Batesburg for 1862 so.
J. B. Youngblood to A L. Eargle,
4 acres in Batesburg for 5000.
NJ. J. Hite to Henry Norris, lot in
Batesburg for S2C5.
Congaree.
Albert R. Taylor to Lula E. Cayce,
34a acres for 1912 so.
Elizabeth J. Sem to Simon [. and
Geo. G. Hook, seventh interest in 2S5
acres for $500.
Paul Hite to Henry E. SIX, 25
acres for $3.50.
Henry E So1 to Harriet E Sex,
Is acres for $3.50.
Harriet E. Sox to Lemuel NJ. Sox,
25 acres for 81.
Geo. J. Sox to Lemuel NJ. Sox, 80
acres for $50.
John P. Hook to w. P. Roof, l25
acres for Sl35.
Manning and Eliza B. Hook to
Walter F. Hook, lot in Brookland
for $110
Mary A. Jacobs to Elizabeth Will
!iams, lot in Brookland for S65.
A. D. Shull to R F. Williams, lot
in Brockland for $1C0.
Minnie F. Williams to Henrietta
Sightler, 10. in Brookiapd for S37 so.
A D. Shull to Derrick Addy, 1t
in Brockland for $50.
J. G and J. 3. Guignard to ". j.
Crowley and others trustees Brook.
land Baptist church, lot-gift.
Folk.
julius E Lorick to G. W. p.
Shealy, 1871 acres for 1895.
II. U. Buckley and others to [. n.
Buckley and others, ST. acres for $3.50.
H A. Spsrn Clerk Curt to N. NJ
Derrick, 1909 acres for 5000.
Gilbert Hollow.
S. Rufus Lewie to Frank W.
Stealy, 20 scres for 800
Isaiah R,ber:s to y L L. Goats,
20 acres for s..
Isaiah Roberts to L and S. Rob
erts, so acres for s..
D. T. Hare to James Smith, lot at
Summit for 5000.
james Smith to Mrs. A. F. Morgan.
lot at Summit for 1925.
Austin Colbin to Am ericen Mortg.
Co. OF Scotland Limi!ed), 372 &C. .es
for 81 and ether consideration.
Hollow Creek.
D L Kyzer to y J. Harman a: q
wife III acres for S525 90.
Lexington.
Russell Portse to G E. Corley,
acre 70, s..
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11

ESTABLISHED 1871.
JAMES WOODROW, President.
JULIUS WAf KER. Vice President.
IEROME H. SAWYER, Cashier.
DIRECTORS-Jame Woodrow. John A.
Crawford, julius H. Walker. G. Fitzsim.
mons, w. C. Wright. W. II. Gi6bes.
John T. Sloan, T. T. Moore. j. L. MIN.
naagh. e. s. Joynes.
yVHIS BANK SOLlCfrs A SHARE, IF
not all, of your business, and will
grant every favor consistent with safe and
sound banking.
Iaunary %. 1897 1v.
When writing mention the Dispatch.
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11
Z:l3z341IXglX!fi4 d

reliable persons Of mechanical or inventive mind
desiring trip 10 the Paris Exposition, with good
salary and expenses paid. should write
The PATENT RECORD. Baltimore Md
The Lexington dispatch. [volume] (Lexington, South Carolina) 1870-1917, 1900-04-11

Henry J. Seibles to Frank Jumper
PSI acres for $1,000.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1900-11-16
The Treklking Wagon.

The South African wagon is long,
heavy cart mounted on four high
wheels, as rule. with sort Of canvas
tent over the back half, leaving the
front clear to carry the miscellaneous
furniture of it's owner, drawn by 16, 18
or 90 oxen, curiously fierce looking,
with their immense spread of horn,
sometimes as much as eight feet from
tip to tip and rarely less than six, but
in reality as patient and hardworking
beasts as one could wish to find.
Their mode of progression is certain
ly slow, but there are strangeness and
fascination about it which may draw
men to it almost as the Alps draw their
devotees. In front there marches the
''voor looper, generally small boy.
leading the two foremost oxen by a
rein or rope passed through their nos
trils
The driver walks alongside with the
long and terrible whip he uses SO un-
sparingly or else sits on the front of the
wagon and gets off occasionally to lash
up the whole team with unfailing inn
partiality. The travelling is all done at
night. starting a little before sunset
and marching till perhaps II or 12
O'Clock; then there is halt till little
before the first signs of dawn, when
they go on again till the sun begins to
get hot overhead. and then they lie by
for the day.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1900-11-16
COAL IN ARCTIC REGIONS.
Recent Attempts to Find a supply In
the Frigid Zone for Use
i'm Europe.

Coal beds have been found here and
there near the sea in Arctic lands, and
though the quality of the coal is not
of the best it has been exceedingly
useful to a few Arctic exploring ex-
petitions. One of the latest examples
is the steamer which carried fresh
supplies to Mr.. Peary in northwest
Greenland last year and which found
it very convenient to take on lot
of coal in south Greenland before pro-
ceeding to Peary's headquarters, says
the New York Sun.
In the European Arctic, on the other
hand, attempts are now making to
turn the coal found there to CONNER
cial account. The frst experiment has
not been encouraging, but the scene
of activity has merely been trans-I
ferred to another field.
About half way between Norway
and Spitzbergen is an island on which
some polar bears were seen when il
was discovered, and the little speck
of land was accordingly named Bear
island. 1t has been noted chiefly fol
the heaps of driftwood from Siberia
that have lodged not only on its east
ern coast, but have also been carried
inland by big waves that sometimes
overwhelm the lowest part or the is
land. Over two years ago the Scandi-
navian explorer Amtrup made cares
full survey and study of this island
and among the interesting things he,
found were teds of coal.
Mr.. Theodore Lerner and the Ger
man Sea Fisheries union conceived the
idea that it would be profitable to ex-
ploit these mines, and company was
organized for this purpose. Not O.
great deal of money was put into the
enterprise, however, and the result
of It's preliminary work last year, I'M
view of the inferior quality of the
coal, the short working season and
long-distance transportation, gave so
little promise for the future that the
effort was not renewed during the
past season. A while ago the mining
property claimed by the company on
Bear island was sold by auction In
Hamburg and naturally brought q,
very small price.
The Norwegians, however, have not
been at all disheartened by the gloomy
prospects of the German enterprise
on Bear island. There are far larger
and more promising coal fields on the
southwest coasts of Spitzbergen, and
Norwegian vessels during their fish,
ing cruises have been giving them par
ticular attention as a possible source
of profit. There is now much conf
dence in Norway that money may be
made in Spitzbergen coal mining, and
the result is that during the past sea-
son several companies have been
formed at various ports to carry on
mining operations in these new fields.
The Article regions, within three CEN
turies, have supplied many millions of
dollars worth of commodities, such
as whale oil and bone, fish, furs and
cryolite, and it remains to be seen
whether coal may be made an addi-
tional source of wealth from the
north frigid zone.