davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08
"THE WORLD .$ds.SA$&
ONE HUNDRED YEARS
AGO TODAY"AA&AAA y
Copyright, 1900, by II. Z. Hughes Louis
ville.1
~ lie SECOND United States census, begun ir

- lie SECOND United States census. begun in
June, was announced The total popula.
u tion was found to he 5,30S, iS3. an increase
over 100 Uhe first censis) Of 1910 per
cent There were 4,3o8,ia6 white and l,O02, ,037
colorcd; si.l2 per cent. white. 1888 per cent.
colorcd. The white increase was 1910 in ten
years, the coorcd, 3233. The gross area 0and
and water surfacc) was s27,s44 square miles.
The average number Of inhabitants or the dcnsi.
ty to the square mile was 6.il. Only ,IOs
square miles, or much less than half the area
OF the United States, was settled territory; that
is. containing more than two inhabitants to the
square mile. There were 1910 square miles with
from two to six to the square mile; l23,267 with
from six to cighteen; s2,5O4 with from eighteen
TO forty.Hve; 1874 with from forty.hve to nine.
ty, and 1,lO3 square miles with ninety or more
to the square mile. The former group indicated
a population mainly occupied with the grazing
industry or widely settled farming population.
The second group indicated 4 farming popula.
tion, with systematic cultivation Of the soil.
either in an early stage Of settlement or upon
more or less rugged soil. The third group almost
universally indicated a highly successful agricul.
tnre. while in some localities the beginnings OF
manufactures had raised into this group a diff.
cult farming region The last two groups ap.
peared only as commerce arose. and personal
and professional services were in demand. The
settled area had increased 2T.i1 per cent.
The center Of population had moved forty.one
miles almost due west from about twenty.three
miles east Of Baltimore in 100 to a point about
eighteen miles west Of the same city. The urban
population OF 1900 constituted 3.07 per cent OF
the total population, the population Of the cities
being only 21O,s7S out Of q total Of 53Os, ,4s3.
There were only two cities with population Of
from 10000 to 75,0o0 three from 10000 to 10000.
and from 5000 to 10000
The following table shows the population, ETC.,
by states:
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08

inhabitants, and more schools for
larger populations; in smaller towns
incomplete" schools, those with less
than 35 pupils, are provided for. At
tendance Is compulsory under penalty
Of fine of from IS to $25 and pro-
vision is made for superintendent and
inspection of the schools, free text
books, and other details.
AS to what has been done for public
education in Porto Rico a good deal
has recently been written and 1t seems
unnecessary to go over the ground
again further than to say that trans
formation in method Is being wrought
which cannot fail to affect favorably
the rising generation.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08

\HE ADV ANIA'iE OF naNlHS
Il wicked partner" upon
l. whom to throw blame when
1t becomes necessary is
well illustrated in the houses treat
ment Of the army canteen problem.
The testimony of an Overwhelming
majority of experienced army officers
Is that the sale of malt and vinous
liquors at the army post canteen un.
der regulations calculated to prevent
cNcesses and enforce temperance Is an
incalculable improvement upon the al
tentative proposition, which is that
the traffic in intoyicants should pass
from the control of the army authors
ties into the control of the vulttlre-
like civilians who bait their man traps
with the viest inducements just be-
yond the line where the commanders
authority ceases.
On the one hand. clamoring against
intelligent restriction. we have a mass
of persons in civil life whose honesty
of intentions and devotion to an ideal
theory are beyond reproach but who
ncsses to the practical conditions of
army life. many of them never hav-
ing seen a canteen. On the other
hand, the prcponderance of evidence
and recommendation from the sub
stantial officers of the army service.
men whose entire careers since the
age of manhood have been passed in
camp and saddle. in personal contact
with the conditions at stake, Is unmis
takably against doing away with gov
ernment control of liquor selling in
the army-an opinion formed not in
sympathy with the vice Of intemper-
anc,, but on the practical basis of COM
parative results upon the morale Of
the service.
The house heeds the civilian clamor
and ignores the military experts. But
the house expects the senate to restore
the canteen feature and prevent the
decentralization of the service. Then
the house will hide behind the senate's
action.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08
TALKS BY THE PUBLISHER.

w HEN The Tribune, on April last, adopt
" ed the fiat rate for advertisers putting
w all on an equality, it took long step
forward toward dignifying the business
side Of local journalism. The local custom used
to be and to some extent still Is to solicit
advertising by quoting high price and then
falling to whatever price the advertiser would
pay This gave the latter the generally crronc-
ous impression that he was getting rare bar
gain, but it led to all kinds of discrimination,
some advertisers paying twice as much 9TH
for the same service; it was unbusincsslkc,
unfair and, from the standpoint Of newspaper self
respect, suicidal; moreover it was Il business
method that the advertiser would not for a mo-
ment tolerate in the sale of his own goods to
the public
The absence of definite fixed price for adver.
tising and the taking of business on the any.
thing -you.can-get principle led to another result
unfair to the local advertiser. 1t enabled the
foreign advcrtser--thc patent medicine and pro-
pretary article frm-through experienced adver-
tising agents to hagglc with the flexible publish
er for the best positions in the paper Mt the low.
est rates and to carry his point nine times out
of ten We know Of instances in which the hest
spaces in some papers have been farmed out to
foreign advertisers at from onehalf to one
third the price demanded Of the local merchant
for inferior positions This is grossly unjust and
utterly dcmornlizng to newspaper values.
The fate rate applied by The Tribune to all
but old.contract business puts every advertiser
on an equality with every other. The merchant
who takes space in this paper under its terms
can rest assured that his competitor in the next
block is not receiving a rebate or discount Nor
can any outsider get into the paper on better
terms than u local patron. We could print
double, perhaps treble the quantity of foreign
advertising which we are now carrying II we
would shade the price. We could double our
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08

y
ten guilty councilmen sub
Il mitted and accepted Thurs
day night make ten vacan-
cies to be filled by the voters Of nine
city wards. An even half dozen Of
these are located in Hyde Park and
three are in Providence. The return
from these seven wards of substantial
and incorruptible citizens, men in
every respect qualified to represent
fairly the law respecting and upright
majority of the taXpaying voters of
those wards, would go a great way
toward redeeming our councils from
tisrepute and would cause the citizens
of all other portions of the city to take
courage in similar uplifting of mu-
nicpal standards.
A number of leading citizens of the
West Side have under advisement, we
are told. the holding of an old
fashioned town meeting to bring out
the sentiment of the community and
to help in the pushing forward of thor
oughly representative men. The time
for meditation is unfortunately brief
but it seems to us that meeting of
this character should be held. Never
was the occasion more timely or the
need more pressing for an awakening
of genuine civic interest and patriot
ism. Not alone have the recent con-
fessions of corrupt methods sounded
an imperative summons to reform. but
the proximity to a possible sweeping
change in the forms of our city gov
crnment, with wide-open doors to eX-
travagance and mischief if the fa-
miliar morale of councils be not i'm
proved, lays an additional obligation
upon the conscience and public spirit
of those who would guide our city into
ways of honest progress.
This is time when the office should
seek the man. A humiliated and be-
spotted city stands in pitiful need of
redemption and the call to it's best
citizenship is one which dare not be
disregarded.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08


Il Il secretary of the interior are
a number of sub-reports
embodying facts of live popular inter-
est. To extract these and put them
into a readable dressing will be our
endeavOr from time to time.
We noticed yesterday a years pro-
gress toward the education of the In
dians. Today we invite attention to
some figures from the report of the
commissioner of education respecting
the progress which is being made to-
ward the education of the white race.
During the year ended July I, 1899.
there We're enrolled in the public ele-
mentary and high schools of the United
States 15,1SS.715 pupils or 2Ola per
cent. of the entire population The
number of students in colleges and
universities Is given as 103,25l; schools
of medicine, law, and theology 50. 1884:
normal schools, 6S,3SO; the value of
public school property is estimated at
1924 6S9, ,255; amount of current receipts
raised from state taxes, s36,197, ,33S;
from local taxes, s143.371, ,15O: income
from permanent funds, $9,019,375; other
sources. $15,429,749; total receipts being
s204017,612. The amount expended for
sites. buildings. furniture, etc, is re-
ported to be $33,249,9 ,949; teachers sal
aries, 1928 S,662.S $50; other expenditures,
$S5,36S,774; total, excluding payment of
bonds. $t97,2s1,6 ,6O3. Upon the basis of a
total school attendance of all kinds
nc nd
dlture for educational purposes of sl97.-
2S1.603. the cost per pupil falls a few
cents short of $12 year. When it is
considered that each Indian pupil put
into school last year cost Uncle Sam
on an average SIG the exendture on
education for the white man can hardly
be called extravagant.
In Alaska there are % public schools,
with 20 teachers and 1923 pupils.
Hawaii reports 1863 schools, of which 4s
are private; number of male teachers,
1872; female. 352; male pupils, S.651; fe-
male. 6,SS9. OF the 15,49O pupils. 5,O45
were Hawaiian. 2,721 part Hawaiian,
COL American, 213 British. 1897 German,
e.SS2 Portuguese. 81 Scandinavian, 1,141
Japanese. 1874 Chinese, 80 South Sea
Islanders, and 124 other foreigners.
Each nationality had its own teacher.
The schools of Hawaii cost about $780,
900 year. Public instruction In the
Philippines is in its infancy with re-
suits as yet too neagre to recount:
hut in Cuba, where in 1899 there had
been only 200 schools with an attend
ance Of 4 600 there were In March last
soSs schools. with $500 teachers and 1SO,-
900 enrolled pupils. A board Of educa-
tion is established in each municipality
TO take charge of the schools. and the
mayor, as president vested with au-
thority to appoint the other members.
One public school for boys and one for
girls Is allowed in every town OF 300
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08

That part of Virginia which formed West Nir-
gina had a population of 1862; those portions
OF Indiana which went to make Illinois. Michi-
gan and Wisconsin lad 3,45s, 55l and us popu-
lation respectively Alabama was now part
of Mississippi with population of 1,250.
Soda manufacture was first carried Prior
to this, apart from the trona and soda lakes the
only source was the ashes of certain plants
which grew on the sea coast and in salt I'M
pregnatcd soils Potash was OF the two alkas
the more abundant and generally used substance.
India rubber became known as product of
Asia where plant was discovered to yield it
by Mr.. ]. Howison. an English surgeon. This
was followed by the real commencement of the
industry.
Schillng, the distinguished German phloso-
pher was now extraordinary professor Of phil
osophy at Jena,
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08

The amendment which It Is proposed
in the senate to add to the Hay-Paunce-
fote canal treaty and which. If ac-
cepted by the administration. will, 1t Is
said. insure the treaty's prompt ratifl-
cation, provides that nothing in the
treaty shall apply to measures which
the United States may find 1t neces-
sary to take for securing. by it's own
forces, the defense of the United states
and the maintenance of public order"
This impresses us as being as harmless
as dose of homeopathic medicine. We
can conceive Of no treaty stipulation
which could under any fair interpreta-
ton debar the United States from
obeying the supreme and inexorable
law of self-preservation.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08

Bishop Potters vigorous arraignment
of the greed of gain, which he charac-
terlzes as the high crime of our civil
ization. is none too severe. The pas
sion to be rich, to take part in the
pleasures which worldly wealth at.
fords, to command the homage very
generally paid to influence and power
is unquestionably very menacing one,
And yet. could those who envy see the
truth about those whom they envy the
infatuation would vanish and our social
life would right itself to more rational
and humane level. What is needed re-
specting all these evils is a greater
prevalence of plain common sense.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08
TOLD BY THE STARS.
Daily Horoscope Drawn by Ajacchus,
The Tribune Astrologer.
Astrolabe cast: las A. NJ. for Saturday, Dec. g.


We ~ MN
There will be anxiety part Of n child born
on this day lest the city of the second class de-
vclops some lunatcs of the first class
The man who succeeds in winning the admira.
tion OF the person who pays his salary may
snap his fingers at the opinion OF the world at
large.
When man is regarded in the same light by
his Sunday school pupil and his $3-aweek en-
ployc, the highest grade of approaching perfcc.
tion will have been attained.
In the eyes Of some persons friends are like
clildrcn's toys---to he thrown aside and soon
forgotten when new features of amusement ap.
pear.
The woman who bestows her affections upon
the deadbroke man demonstrates true love, but
does not display good judgment.
Stimulants are never injurious when on the
outside OF man.
Ajacchus' Advice.
1t is well to be regular in all habits unless
they are bad habits.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08

enCeS TO the campaign IN emma
Il Secretary Root in his annual re-
port mentions an act of cour-
tesy on the part of Japan which is
worthy of notice. The climate of the
province of Chilli, in which our SOL
diers operated, was intensely hot when
the relief forces arrived but in winter
it becomes extremely cold. This nec-
essitated the sending of months
heavy supplies.
But the Washington authorities here
encountered an obstacle. 1T was i'm
possible" says the secretary, "to dis
continue the regular supply service for
the army in the Philippines, in which
our fleet of transports were engaged
it was impossible to withdraw from
that service a sufficient number of
vessels for a separate service to China,
and there was not time to secure new
transports. The problem was solved,
however, through the courtesy of the
Japanese government, which, upon our
application through the State depart
ment. in the most friendly spirit, per-
mitted us to use the port of Nagasaki,
where the lines from the United States
to Manila on the south and to ,Taku on
the north diverged. for the transship-
ment of supplies and material without
passing through their custOm-hous
and for the transfer of men not carry
ing arms This enabled us to establish
Il subsidiary service, which, in connec-
ton with the main service TO and from
this country, distributed both men and
materials between Nagasaki and Ma
Mia and between Nagasaki and Taku,
practically using both our Pacific ports
and Manila as main bases and Ma
gasaki as Il secondary bse of supply.
This arrangement was also very con-
venient and. as it ultimately proved,
very valuable, in enabling us to direct
each organization as it left this coun-
try to look for orders at Nagasaki.
so that If at any time it should be-
come apparent, as Of course we always
regarded it possible. that their SER
vices We're not needed in China they
could be diverted from Nagasaki to
the Philippines, to take the place of
AS bearing upon the military quality
of the japanese soldiers in the Pekin
relief expedition, it is worthy of note
that General Chaffee in his most in
teresting report of the American ex-
periences In China while striving to be
neutral in his comments upon the al
lied forces. exhibits poorly concealed
enthusiasm for the Japanese and Brit
ish, and equally poorly masked con-
tempt for the Russian and French SOL
diers. To the Japanese he gives credit
for most of the quick marching, ef-
fective scouting, clever strategy and
| tireless fighting done on the way from
Tien-tsin to Pekin, and in this testi-
| mony he is corroborated by most of
| the American and British newspaper
| correspondents.
The United States are especially for
tunate to be upon such good terms
with their leading and promising neigh
| bors in the Pacific.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08
TWELVE PAGES.
SCRANTON, DECEMBER 8, 1900.

Congressman Sibley's bill to add fifty
per cent. to the presidential term,
making the executive ineligible to re-
election but retiring him into the SEN
ate as a senator-at-large, with voice
but not with vote. has the merit Of
clothing an old proposition in new
trimmings. There is no doubt what
ever as to the advisability Of increas-
ing the presidential term.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08

its mountains Of red tape and ofYicial
arrogance, in relation to which Eagan's
little indiscretion was only a circum-
stance. The president in pardoning
and retiring Eagan closes an incident
lamentable in all its features and turns
what 1t is to be hoped will be a new
leaf in army management.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08

There appears to be prevalent be-
lief that everybody can run an army
except those who have made running
one a life study. This hallucination is
often extensive,
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08

Perhaps the best thing for France
would be to let General Mercier try Oh
his new scheme for invading England.
1t would at all events rid France of
Narcfor
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08

The Boer cause has gone beyond the
resolution period What 1t now needs
Is grace to face the inevitable philo-
sophically.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08

The report that unless congress did
thus and so Secretary Hay would re-
sign evidently comes from hostile
source. Nothing in Mr.. Hays illustri-
Gus career gives any color to it.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08

in the latest attainabc year, AZ against an excess
Of S5il,542,1si In favor Of the United States
alone in the fiscal year 1000.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08

Dom Paul should not build too many
hopes upon Europes verbal sympathy.
Even Lord Roberts processes to adj
mire the Beers.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08
Board Wanted.

BOARD WANTED-FoR THREE ADULTS AND
one small child, in respectable Jewish fam
lily, living ir frst'class neighborhood. State
price. w. A., Tribune Office.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08

A lifetime of creditable service lay
behind the explosive offence which
caused General Eagan's suspension as
commissary general. The offence was
bad, but it has been expiated. The
worst thing about it was not Eagan's
guilt but the inexcusable apathy of
congress In the years when the present
inefficient staff system was building up
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08
LEGAL,
Scranton, Pa, Dec. 7, 1000.

SCrlnCOns Id,, Dcc -
ELECTION PROCLAMATION.
NOTICE-lN PURSUANCE OF RESOLUTIONS
adopted by the Select and Common Councils,
there will be special elections held in the FOL"
lowing wards on Tuesday Dec. IS. 1900.
First ward-One person to serve as common
Councilman to hll the uncNpircd term OF David
H. Reese, resigned.
Second ward--One person to serve as common
Councilman to fill the uncXpred term OF n. v.
Morris resigned -
Third ward--Ona person to serve as Common
Councilman to MI the unexpired term OF 'Iam'a
D. Gricr, resigned.
Fourth ward--Onc person to serve As Select
Councilman to fiji the uncXpired term OF simon
Thomas resigned, and one person to serve al
Common Councilman to ill the uneNpired term
of ". V. Grifhths, resigned.
Fifth ward--One person to serve as Common
Councilman to hll the unexpired term OF G. 4.
Godshall, resigned.
Fourteenth ward-Onc person to serve as Com.
mon Councilman to fill the unexpired term Of
c. 4. Wenzcl, resigned.
Fifteenth ward-One person to serve Us COM.
mon Councilman to fill the uncXpired term oa
4. NJ. Watkins, resigned
Eighteenth ward-One person to serve as Com-
mon Councilman to ill the uneXpired term Of
Thomas +. Morris, resigned.
Twentieth ward-one person to serve as Select
Councilman to fill the unexpircd term OF I. j.
JAMES MOIR. Mayor
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08
Wanted.
Help Wanted-Male.

WANTED-RESPONSIBLE FIRM WANTS OF
flee manager at Scranton; $l,500 salary and
co:nmsson 500 cash and reference required;
position permanent Address, Manufacturers, III.
Cherry, Philadelphia, Pa.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08

THE ANNUAL MEETING OF THE STOCKHOLM
ers of the Consumers Ice Co., will be held AZ
| their office, corner OF Adams avenue ana Ash
street, in the City OF Scranton, on Tuesday, the
18th day Of December 1000. at p. M. The
purpose OF the meeting is for the election OF OF
icels for the ensuing year and the transaction OF
| such other business as may properly come before
the meeting. -
JOHN A. SCIIADT, Secretary.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08

Statesmen WANTED TO SELL OUR GOODS
by sample to wholesale and retail trade We
are the largest and only manufacturers in our
line in the world Liberal salary paid Address,
CAMDEN Mfg. Co., Savannah, Ga.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08
Statesmen Wanted,

ENERGETIC SALESMAN-SCllOOL SUPPLIES
country work. 800 salary and commission
r. o. Evans g. Co., Chicago.
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08
Education in the United States.

y IDDEN within the volumill-
sss,es"y sss s"s"s al ss ssoGst INTERIOR ss sns
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08
The Next Duty.

~ HE REsIGNAT1oNs of the
ten guilty councilmen sub
mitted and accepted Thurs
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08
Japan.

r N THE COURSE of his refer
ences to the campaign in China
l. Secretary Root in his annual re-
port mentions an act of cour-
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08
The Army canteen.

ADVANTAGE of having
Il wicked partner" upon
l. whom to throw blame when
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08
Money to Loan

MONEY TO LOAN ON BOND AND MORTGAGE,
any amount. NJ. II. liolgate, Commonwealth
building,
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1900-12-08

ESTATE OF ROBERT c. LEE, LATE OF TIN
Borough OF Dunmorc. County OF Lackawanna
and state of Pennsylvania, deceased
Letters OF administration upon the aboye-namsS
estate having been granted to the undersigned
all persons having claims or demands against
the said estate will present them for payment
and those indebted thereto will please make iw
mediate payment to
CHARLOrTE LEE, Administering,
Dunmore, Ps.
WILLIAM S. SIMPSON, Administrator.
THOS. +. WELLS, ESQ, Pittston, Pa
Attorney for Estate,