The daily morning journal and courier., 1900-08-23

l 4lN iACiCiy IbllONlLs LIN cNAhN'SN SN A4AN
 own vaulting ambition? Each student
 must answer this question for himself
 but it is impossible to deny that a
 change of opinion favorable to Caesar
 has been spreading over the world
 during the past half century
 On the 20th of March Cicero left
 Rome by the Capuan gate, and pro-
 ceeded southward along the Appian
 Way. The same day his enemy Clodius
 procured the passage of Jaw declaring
 that Cicero had been out-laWed, and
 prohibiting him from remaining within
 400 miles of the city, and contiscating his property. Clodius forthwith de-
 molished his houses in city and country,
 and dedicated the ground on the Pala- tine, where his house stood, to the
 Goddess of Liberty, so that 1t might never be restored to him.
 Caesar marched to Gaul, leaving Pompey the first citizen of Rome. His
 success had been so great that he ex- pected homage without ceasing, and
 without doing anything more to earn | it. He had been allowed to wear his
 triumphal robe on all public occasions, and Cicero says that he was always | studying the pattern of it. Clodius, on ] the other hand, was man of action, l and as soon as Caesars back was turn 1 ed he began to strike out for himself | He had a high disregard for Pompey l One of his earliest acts was to set free
 the son of Tigranes, King of Armenia, who had been brought as 8 prisoner to
 Rome by Pompey, and was in the cus- l tody of the Praetor Flavius. Clodius contrived to have the young man
 brought to his own house, and refused | to give him up when he was demanded i by Flavius and also by Pompey. Clodius sent the young man out of | Rome. Flavius endeavored to seize | him. A fight ensued on the Appian | Road, in which several persons were killed, including a Roman knight named Papirius, a friend of Pompey. Flavius himself escaped with difficulty. The son of Tigranes was spirited away. This was a fragrant insult to Pompcy and a defiance of law as we'll as of the triumvirate. P0mpey held no public office now, and, as he had no army, he was exposed to the insults and violence of Clodius' mob. He appealed to the consuls Piso and Gahinius, for protec- tion. Gabinius, who had been elevated to the consulship as his man, tried to curb Clodius, and the result was daily street fighting between two bands of ruffians, one led by consul and the other by tribune Pompey withdrew to the country, but before doing so he took steps to secure the recall of Cicero, hoping, says Appian, that when Cicero should come back, mindful of what he had suffered he would no long, CT speak against the existing govern ment, but would make trouble for Clodius and bring him to punishment" All of these expectations were fulfilled. Pompey wrote to Caesar in reference to the recall of Cicero and Caesar gave his consent.
 Clodius went out of office in! Decem- ber Of the ten new tribunes selected, all but two were in favor of the recall of Cicero. Among them was Titus An nius Milo a man of resolution, and a bitter enemy of Clodlus He began a prosecution against Clodius for using violence in -he streets.
 On his first day of office the new Con- su Lentulus proposed a Senatus con- sutum for Cicero's recall, and eight of the tribunes supported it. At the sug- gestion of Pompev the method of pro- cedure was changed, and it was decid- ed thar the resolution should be sub mitted to the assembly of the people This was done on the 18th of January Clodus had taken possession of the place of meeting before daylight with a body Of armed men, slaves and gladi- | ators, who attacked the friends of Cicero when they came upon the ground. A bloody fight took place in the forum. Cicero's brother Quintus, | was nearly killed. There were heaps of corrses left on the ground, and the bloodshed was so profuse that it had to be wiped up with sponges The dead bodies were thrown into the Tiber. l The scene in the forum, Cicero says, i was like that after a gladiatorial show 1 provided by some wealthy praetor Of | course. no other business was trans acted tat day.
 Pompey now exerted himself to bring | a crowd of voters together that could , be depended upon. He went into the | Italian tcwns and made speeches in conjunction with the consul Lentuus, | y and vote for the recall of Cicero. Milo provided an armsd force to defend them against a fresh assault by Clodius. The voting took place in the Campus Martins, which was crowded with peo- pie from all parts of Italy. The resolu- tion of the senate was confirmed. [ Cicero was then at Brundusium. As soon as he received the news he set out for Rome His journey was tri- umphal march, and when he approach cd the city by the same road that he had taken on his sorrowful departure sixteen months before, he was welcom- ed enthusiastically by all the citizens of Rome whose good opinion was worth having,
 CONFLICT BETWEEN CLODIUS
 AND MILO.
 The senate voted to rebuild Cicero's house at the public cost. Work was begun, and was considerably advanced when Clodius on the Sd of November, made an assault upCn the contractor and his men, drove them away, and set fire to the adjoining house of Quintus Cicero, A few days later he attacked the house of Milo in broad daylight, out was beaten off with the loss of sev- eral of his braves. Milo now recruited ] band of his own, consisting in large