The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-03-11

"latha," the MalayS designate the species II mad
ness which impels women to undrrSs before
men, or 10 throw children MP in the air IN imlia-
tion OF a game ~ ball The same name is given
tn a mental state in which the patient Is afraid
Of certain words, such rs tiger or crocodile this
form Of nervous disease is met with somewhat
frequently, not only among he MnlayS, but
clso anon, the ToEalS and the Sikhs of India.
VI.
Among the interesting topics touched upon
In that part Of the book which deals with eth
biography. Mr. Dpniker drNotes q little spac' 10
the Aryan question, about which We used To hear
so much. Most historians believed until quite
recently that the Euscanans and PERHAPS the
Iigurans or l.y gians, a. well as the lb'rlanS
anil the Prlasgian Tursans, or Tur>"s Of the
three southern peninsulas Of the European CON
tinent were the Hutochthoues. or rather the oldest
European peoples known To history, II this
hypothesis were accepted, the uroples named
would be the probable descendants of the palace
hthlc Europeans the races Of Ncandcrthal, SPY
and Chancelade. Further, according to th"
philoloRists and historians, these peoples spok"
non Aryan languages, and, at a certain period,
which D,Arbois de- Joubainyille places vaguely
AZ twenty OF lN'IlA HNf 'tUluIlt1 u &c IsNI'I'
was invaded by the Aryans coming from India
20 impose their language on the antpchthon"s
The Basque language of the present day alleged to
I've derived from the Euscariau, Is supposed e. b" the
only dialect surviving the transformation Tn"
central point fr the sthnographlc history Of
Europe Is or Was, according 10 the phIl0IoeI''N,
In. arrival Of the Aryans. Who wer" tnoN" VI
yans? II IS no part II Mr.. p"nlker's plan T. write
the history of IN" Afyau controversy, and he dr"m'
nenoIgh o. say TINT men II acknowledge author
ltv in science like pott. Grimm aud Max Muller
maintained for n long time, but without any
solid proo', the existence not only Of q primitive
AIyan language. which gave birth 20 the dialects
Of every primitive people Of Eurup,, but also Of an
"AIyan race SUPPOSED 20 have sprung up some.
where" In Asia, one part migrating toward India
and Persia. vniic tn rnmaiuder made It's way,
by slow Stages, t. Europe. Two generations 81
scientific men accepted this hypothesis, although,
after all, It had no other ioundati'n than Nucn
aphori,ms ~ "sg 1~r'''s M put forward by
pp,t. or tn Irresistible impulse toward the west
invented by Grimm
II is not 10 Iva overlooked, however, that OBJ
jectious to this hypothesis were raised by recognize!
authorizes almost aS soon rs it WIS promul.
gated, they cane from philoloEists like Latham
$3.50, ethuographerS like OmaliuS d~llailoy and
Anthropologists like I}roca 1850, but IT was
only about 1850 that a somewhat Strenuous To-
action took place against the current idea The
reaction originated in the camp Of the philolu-
giStS themselves. De SauSSure, Saycr and Others,
revcrtins to the ideas expressed long before hv
Ienicy, pointed out that the assume close rrIa
tonship bnlarpn SanScrit and Icni, aud IL" puu-
tive Nryan language, restS solely on the fact
that tine archaic forms of these tive ulalr,tS are
preserved to the present time in written monu-
mentS, while the .iryan languages OF Europe
do ne; possess documents 50 ancient They
maintained further that certain European Ian.
guagrs II the present day, such as Lithuanian,
for instance, are no, nearer the primitive Aryan
forms than are the t.iGtic detects Us 10 The
Ssia,ic origin " tho Aryans, a rude blow was
struck at this hypothesis by Poesrhe and Pen
La. who, ASSUMING the truth Of the assumption
that Europe was, AT one time, inhabited eNClu.
siycly by fair haired peoples, identified these
with the Aryaus No proof II the Identification
is forthcoming and, in reality, the hypothesis
OF a fair haired Aryan racr, tall and dolicoce-
in ligenouS to Europe. does no, res, sn a
frmer foundation than that o.! an Nryan race
coming from Asia,
Anthropology. for Its part is, Of course, power
less To say whether the ancient owners II the
dulicoccphalic skulls, unearthed in southern
Europa. spoke an Aryan language or not. More
over, the works Of Modern philologiSts, with oscar
Schrader at their head, show that we can no
longer speak Of an "Aryan race, hut solely Il
a family Of Aryan languages md, perhaps,
Of a primitive Aryan civilization which had pre-
coded the separation Of the different ATynn dialects
from their common stock, This civilization,
as reconstructed by Oscar SChralcr, differs much
from that which rictrt has sketch'd out in his
essay on Linguistic Pala"ontology." II Was
somewhat analogous 10 the nculithic civilizations;
metals w,r, unknown in II, with tho exception,
perhaps, Of copper, but agriculture and the breed.
ing II cattle had already reached a fair stage
of development. There Is nothing 10 prove,
however, that peoples speaking non Nryan Ian,
guagrs have not been in possession of IN" same
civilization, which, with them, would be developed
in an independent manner Hence Mr. DcuiNrr
holds Il useless to look for q crn're from which
this Aryan culture might have proceeded. The
only question with which We still my concern
ourselves is, What was the point from which
diffusion II Agyan ln1guag's In Europe began
This point no one nj the present. time socks Aay
longpri in Asia. tits in Europ", md what We ha'o
10 do is 10 lonneit. Latham and OmallGS dIlall"y
located tn. habitat " III" prlmIur" Aryans
in the south or southeast of Russia F"nNa
placed it in Scanlinavla. Other authorities
have selected intcrmpiiHt" points between these
extremes. According To Ilirt. the starting point
n, dispersion for the primitive Aryar language
was IN The north u the Carpathians, In N" IHtto-
t,uenian regions From this point, two lin
,,uts,ir streams would start, flowing around the
Mountains to the west and east. tn" western
stream. after sprea ling over Germany 0Teu.
tonic languages. left behind them the Celtic
languages in the upper valley II tho nanubn,
and filtered through on N" one side into Italy
n attn languages, on the other side, into Illyrla,
Albania and Greece. The eastern stream formed
the Slay languages in the plains travcrs~d nv the
Dnirprr, and then spr'al by WAY ui th' Caucasus
into Asia IrariaH lauguhs D, aui SanScriU
In this way we may account, "n III" one baud,
for IN, less and less markei relationship between
the different Aryan languages II the present
day and the common primitiv" dialects and, on
the other hand, for the diversity between the two