The age-herald., 1900-07-15

direction and harbor the greater part of
 the enormous population.
 There are no lawyers in China. There are
 licensed notaries who pay the mandarin a
 certain amount for the privilege of drawing
 up the complaints and statements of the
 people, who may have business, in the
 court over which the mandarin presides
 They eXtort heavy fees from those whom
 they serve, and use their influence with the
 mandarin. By a concession on the part of
 the government the Catholic priests have
 a rank which gives them the right to
 plead a case before a mandarin. It has
 been said that this right was abused to
 such an extent that the people revolted.
 If man did anything for which he could be held" said writer on the sub
 ject, "he would go to a Catholic mission ary and be converted In return the mis- sionary would plead his case, use influence and money with the mandarin and the l criminal would go free. By that means | the number of converts has grown rapidly, and the national hatred of the Chinese to- ward the foreigners has been intensified" | The first foreigner employed by the Chi nese for the reorganization of their army | was an American, Frederick Townsend | Ward, a soldier of fortune a'rn in Massa- | chuSettS. When 29 years old Ward, who | had high school education and had served in the French army, landed at Shanghai. This was in 1860, when the Tapping rebels were everywhere successful Ward organ ized band composed of men of various nationalities and offered to capture city for a fixed price. The first achievement | of his small army was the capture of the walled town Sungkiang, which was held | by 10000 rebels As a reward he was made l a mandarin of the fourth rank. Ward then | cleared the country around Shanghai, be- l in paid so much cash after each victory | was won. After while he disappeared, l and was next heard of when the natives 1 attacked the city in large force, when Ward appeared at the head of three we'll | armed and wel-drilled native regiments, who rescued Shanghai. Thereafter he be-
 came one of the leading men in the defense | of Shanghai He adopted the Chinese na- | tionality under the name of Hwa, married | the daughter of a wealthy mandarin, and 1 was made mandarin of the highest grade | and Admiral General in the service of the l Emperor. General Ward died as the result | of a wound received in directing as | sault on Tsekie. The Chinese paid him the | highest possible honors after his death by | burying him in the Confucian Semetery at
 Ningpo Wards successor in command of | the Chinese forces was Major Charles G. l Gordon-"Chinese" Gordon.
 | Each of the eighteen provinces of the | Celestial empire is ruled by a governor or | governor general, who is responsible to the | emperor for the entire administration, poli- | tical, judicial. military and fiscal. Each | province is sub-dvided into departments
 ruled by prefects, and each department into
 districts, each with district ruler.
 l Outdoor amusements for men are few.
 They fly kites, carry birds on perches and
 throw seeds high in the air for them to l catch, or row boats in a lazy fashion on < the lagoons or rivers. They pitch coppers I fight crickets or quail juggle balls and play
 games with jackstraws and snapsticks l Active, manly sports are not in keeping l with the notions of dignity of the Chinese
 and If they were they could not be induged
 in because of the inconvenience of dress.
 Instead of rowing, ball, tennis or golf
 young men prove their muscle by lifting
 beams with heavy stones at each end like
 hugh dumbbells or play shuttlecock, using
 the thick soles of their shoes at the battle