The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1900-05-06

writes Lanciani In another place. "'ha'
n"sses Of ~. Peter and ST. Paul have oo' ,ha,,
fully handed down In Rome ever s'"'' 49,.
NE time. and that they were famlil" x,ro,,.
one, even 10 school children. These ara
have come down 10 us by scores Nv -
painted In the cubiculi of the 'a'acom'o'
graved in gold leaf in the ~so-caIled "n'
fridh. cast In bronze. hammered III -.
copper and designed In mosaic.
never varies ST Peters face If ful anu -,
with short curly hair and beard. WINE ." Nv
appears more wiry and thin. siiR"u' -
with a long, pointed beard The ah''o".,
and the genuineness Of both types
doubted, The author OF this doom 49,
clear the significance Of this iact U '-"" W
ing us that IL Ia only OF these TWO P"' wv"
apostles that anything Of the kind Gun w sou
There are authentic portraits IN eA'N'"
81. Peter and St Paul. and OF no other "'lnD
OF the Christian Church who lived in the anoe-
toic aec. Moreover. even in the case ol these
two apostles. the portraits are coi'"'' "
Rome, and are not found 10 exlst eise"he'e'
is not, " queries Mr.. Barnes. We concur
sion unavoidable that We have por'ralls Oh u"So
two, and of no one else, because they "on' WIZ
the apostle. OF Rome. the only place where me
art Of portrait-r ainting was III III" 's".
In his orinion The existence Of these portraits
is nv i,.alr cno,iph TO prove, oven II all docn-
mcntary evidence and all TRADITION hao per
shed. Tint thcs, two apostles had visited Rome
and were both Of them in some way 'onhecuen
with the Imperial City. on page 10 oil u"s
book will he found q rlodallioh OF 'he Seconu
century, discovered in the oatacoinbs oil ~
Domi,illa, and presenting portraits oi ST.
Peter and 81. Paul. We have ancient alI'hori-
ties TO prove that likenesses regarded as
authentic existed in the fourth century tM-
sebjus has recorded in his history hat there
had come down TO his time the actual Original
portraits of these two apostles made by ocll-
tiles who had been converted TO the faith nv their
preachincs, ~. Augustine and ~. Ambrose also
| speak Of authentic portraits in their time.
Whit has happened 10 these original por-
traits il is now impossible To say. MI Barnes
does not assert that any has survived which
| can he considered actually contemporary
There are, however, several which belong
10 tho second century. and probably were
copied from the original, and So may he taken
rs transmitting the true likeness. Inc most
| important of'thcse is the medallion To which
we have Just referred. The medallion lie In
, n state Of pxccnen, preservation, and III" WORT
| manship il admirable 1t would have been
impossible for such 4 masterpiece 10 !"
produced in the fourth century, or even IN
the third, when The decadenCe OF art was already
advanced. The second century Ia the latest
period TO which it can he assigned, and It be-
longs probably to the earlier hall, In MS
medallion It is 81 Paul, and not 81. Peter.
who occupies the right-hand SIDE, which, nc
cording to our modern views, - the place OF
honor. Ia the early centuries of our era, how
ever. no rule 0; this kind existed, and the left
hand side was frequently occupied by the
person Of greater dignity. Thus IN one "t
the sepulchral glasses Of this period Jesus
Himself is placed on the left Of -. Pau! and
In another the N.rcin occupies \ similar posi-
ton with regard TO ~. Agnes. Indeed. the
! uniform Use of the rich'-hand 'ide n the place
Of dignity canaot be aGid 70 date back further
than he middle Of the tenth century, and no
diiIlte about the matter scents TO have arisen
, until he time of 81 Peter amian IT." seal
Of ,he Paph bulls 90 This day represent" -,
Potter on :hc left hId.
Several descriptions Of The appearance ~
the two great Apostles are to be found in early
writer's, as. for example, in Nicephoru" and
in Malala~. Mr. Barnes Srcgcst~ that his
readers -Norlt compare with III" tncsin'l"
of the medallion the account compiled by
| Conybrare. AND How son from these literary
| sources, st. Paul i set before rs a. hUv-
ing the strongly marked and prominent feat
! ures of n jew, Net not without some Of the
, finer lines indicative Of Greek thought. HIS
I stature was diminutive, which may hay" pro-
voked the c~outcmptuouS expressions Of his
cnemir, H. beard was long and thin, his
Lead was hrlu, The charnreristics If his !an"
mere n transparent complexion which visihly
80 -- 81 Al f,-lt,l n -
y bright gray eye under thickly oyerharc.
ing, united eyebrows, q cheerful and winning
! expression Of countenanc" which invited the
. approach and inspired The confidence" of Strnn-
gers. 81. Peter j. represented 20 rs rs n man
Of larger ard stronger form, ~ his character
was harsher and more abrupt The quick
impulses of his soul revealed them-e!vesin
the fnsIe, Of p dark eye The complexion
of his face vas pa!o and -nlloW and HE .hort
hair, which j. described rs entirely gray At
the time Of his death, cnrlCd thickly round
! his temples and he chin
We have outlined the evidence collected
by Mr. Barnes in favor Of tn" fact Of s., Peter
having visited Rome, and Of having suffered
martvrdom there Tie CONSEQUENCES which
have flowed from that WIS.,; lie outside the scope
, Of tho book before rs. The author is NOT con-
WI ll'Ni NlNl w =" ~ III "iN' 81 ~ . ~
may be said to have been Bishop Of Rome,
or with the extent OF the power which he handed
down TO his successors. For Mr.. Barnes, il
sullceS 10 prove that the Apostle did rome TO
the Eternal Citv, and thai hi was there martyred
and laid in the grave. This is now generally
conceded by scholars as being demonstrated
bv mn amount Of testimonynvailable for hardly
any similar fact in history. Tho controversy,
therefore, being regarded as closed. the au-
I thor puts il away, and, in the rest of his book,
c%onfne- his Efforts TO piecing together the
various traditions which have come down 20
MS, and comparing them VIII the violence OBJ
! tninablc from the monuments relating 10 the
Apostle in the hope of recovering some for
gotten details Of St. Peters life NJ Rome and Of
the history Of his tomb. For the ingenious, and,
10 a certain extent, successful attempt at the
restoration of these details. We must refer the
reader to the book itself. We merely note the
conclusion TINT, after innumerable vici ssh
tudeS, the bones Of 81. Peter lie buried some
where beneath the home of the greatest church
known to Christendom. and that the precise
spot Of their interment may be YET identified
and visited by the pilgrims Of the twentieth
century.
Chopin.
We have received from the Messrs. Scrbner
an admirable account Of CHOPIN. considered
both as a man and an artist. by JAMES HuNEKEE.
There is no doubt that this volume emhodies tho