The age-herald., 1900-05-09

"The two races are here and must abide together. The deportation of the eight or ten million blacks is an impossibility. Prof. Cope, the distinguished naturalist of the University of Pennsylvania, a few few years ago, after dispassionate study of the differences between the white man and the negro, recommended that the negro, at whatever cost, should be de- ported His fear was that the outcome in the south would be amalgamation, and the consequent destruction of large portion of the finest race on earth The best friends of the negro now admit that, as a rule, he Is inferior in brain power to the white man, and here he pointed out in- stances to show that the belief formerly was that the differences between the races were only skin deep.
 'In reconstruction days, even in Ala bama, judges decided that no law of the state could interfere with the right of the whites and negroes to intermarry; but the supreme court of the union and the state courts of the north have decided other wise. Public opinion has made progress, and now sanctions, I think, these proposi- tions. Negro suffrage has failed. It brought weakness instead of strength to the party that controlled it; piled up mill lions high the debt of every state where 1t was dominant. and did not better the con- dition of the black man anywhere. lie acknowledged with gratitude that condi- tions have improved. White men have ob- tained control and must keep it, If they mean to preserve Anglo-Saxon civiiization. But this is not all of it. Necessity has compelled us to resort to election methods which we desire to abandon.
 Some Of the Problems
 "The results of the expenditure of mill lions on negro education have been so un- satisfactory that some good people are ad- vocating the abandonment of the system The cost of trying negroes for crimes IS out of all proportion to the cost of trying white men, and assaults by negroes upon white women have brought us to lynch law. These questions we are here to discuss. likeness among negroes is undoubtedly growing and crime increasing. Professor Wilcox states facts showing idleness to a degree that is startling, and he gives census figures to show us that in the south the crimes of negroes, compared according to population with whites, were in 1890 as lit tie less than to 1, and in the north con sderaby over to l. Thus government sta tistics show that for ten years beginning with 1879, of births among the negroes of the District of Columbia 19.6 per cent. were illegitimate, and that for the next period of eleven years ending with 1899, the per centage of illegitimate births was 26.9. Crimes, however, in the District of Colum- bia by the figures appear to be only lit tie over to l. according to populationt which is decidedly in favor of the District.
 ''The situation becomes graver still when we consider that assault by negro upon white woman, such an alarming feature of the present situation, was unknown when the negroes were slaves, and re- mained unknown until a new generation of negroes, born in freedom, and grown into manhood, and this after all our efforts to elevate the negro by education. What does it mean?
 
 Two Answers Suggested
 1.-Two answers have been suggested: One that these crimes proceed from spirit of revenge. Professor Wilcox who suggested this, says that such crimes frequently re- suited during the middle ages from hatred of the church. The other theory is, that these crimes indicate tendency among these people, whose ancestors some of them a few generations ago were sayages, to re- lapse into barbarsm Biology tells us that domestic animals, uncared for by man, tend backward to their original types-as the dog to the wolf. And when we look at man, even the proud Caucasian, he must always progress or retrograde."
 Here the speaker cited instances from his tory of mans retrograding, and argued that a mob even white mob, when 1t gets excited, as it sometimes does, and goes wild, is acting from the savage instincts that come down to us from our barbarian ancestors. The speaker then suggested that the disposition of our people to take the law into their own hands proceeds largely from the belief that by reason of delays in trial and technicalities of the law, courts too often fail to punish crime And he asked whether there was not reason for this belief.
 He then pointed out that our courts were usually six months apart suggested that ir the case of the commission of a capital crime especially d crime against women, he iu1u cbo ntd on cppp1ilV p the county and bring off the trial. He pointed out several amendments that might be made in the Alabama code of penal pro cedure, and asked the conference to take them into consideration
 UnkIown in Jama
 He said that it was stated by an eminent gentleman, MT. J. Alleyne Ireland, author of Tropical Colonies" who had spent sev- eral years in Jamaica, that the crime of rape by a negro on white woman was unknown in that island-which the gentle man attributed to the fact that there all crimes were punished by the courts with extraordinary promptness. Tn Gods name" said the speaker, let us try in this southern country of ours a little old-fash- toned Magma Charta justice, justice admin istered by the courts speedily and without delay.
 He hoped public opinion would settle down on the idea that cannot stop crimes against women by ceasng to edu- cate the negro.
 "If the crime comes from the instinct of the barbarian" he said, we cannot pre- vent it by ceasing to educate; if it is prompted by revenge, we cannot cure the situation by ceasing to educate. But while continuing to urge education, would not have you underestimate the task which is before us. The negro is not the equal of the white man; science and history alike proclaim this truth His skull is thicker and his brains is smaller than the white mans, and Professor Cope tells us that the sutures of the skull which promote growth and expansion usually grow up, as they do not in the white mans, at about the age of fourteen years. The negro has never civilized himself He has .1ways been a savage in Africa. In Hayti and San Domingo during a century of self-gov- ernment he has retrograded Ip the Brit ish and Danish West Indies he has made little progress.
 Not an Advocate of slavery
 q am not advocating slavery. rS..oice that it is gone. Yet it is the voice CT his- tory that there never has been any large
 e in, he rld GO