Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1900-09-22


reality H..
locke opposes what Is real to what
we make for ourselves lie says that
simple ideas. or sensations and the
r,att,r .ppposed To- cause them, we do
no, make for ourselves But we might
ask Locke how De would classify the
relations that exist between objects az
we grasp these relations In thought
would he claim that relations are
sersotons or matter? Manifestly they
arc neither Are relations, therefore,
unreal? II so nothing Is real; Tor our
only knowledge Of objects or sensa'
lions is by means Of the relations we
establish among them. knowledge Is
onr comurehenslon Of relations ANA Is
reol although Wp make u ourselves.
Either the work of the mind ana us
nroduct are the names for nothing, o.
NOV are as real as anything else.
In my view, then, not only IS the
work Of the mind real, as real II not
more go than anything else on earth
Lut when the work Of the mind Is Ia
harmony with the eternal mind, then
We have mind corresponding Win
mind-mInd and reality harmonic
and truth Is the result
The question, What Is realY' Is
therefore misleading. An Elusive APP
pearance IS not unreal-it Is really
sonethlng a reality which a superior
Intelligence might understand. The H.
lusion IL In IN, judgment, and consists
in pronOunclng something 10 be what II
Is not. We mistake one thing (the work
OF the mind for another thing (the
work Of some other agency)i but both
Of these are real enough.
THE fruitful question, therefore. Is -
SAYS Green In his Polegomena 10
Entities, chow do We decide whether
any particular event or object Is real
~ what Il seems TO be, or whether our
belief about II is true"
This Is decided by finding out that
the thing and our final knowledge Of II
are unalterabe; that is, that there is
an unaterable order OF relations be-
tween an appearance and such condi-
lions Of II as are liable 20 change. This
unaitorablo order Of the world Of
phenomena. this principle that a
thins VIII be the same under the same
conditions. that the same causes Will
always produce the same effects on H.
Is the starting point Of all knowledge.
Science assumes that there IS a Ger
tain definite, fixed and unalterable
process OF change IN the phenomena Of
nature, otherwise scientific classified
tlon and knowledge would not be pos
slble The Importance Of this assump-
ton VIII appear az we proceed,
The form Of the natural says
Hegel, rs nature peryaded by
thought"
WHY WE PERCEIVE.
one OF the oldest questions IN phil
osophy Is; How Is It possible for us to
comprehend In our thought material
things? How can that which Is pure
intelligence apprehend that which Is
solid natter How Is II that trees,
stones, and other material things can
impress our minds with Ideas Of them
selves, by which We are enabled to
know them?
Many ancient philosophers taught
that material objects are continually
throwing Of images like themselves.
and that these ethereal images In some
way enter the mind.
This explanation Is not merely fanc-
ful. II an object Is TO be known II
must have the quality OF inteligbuity
1t must be ineligible or movable.
Plato llkens the mind In perception 10
dark cave IN which men lie bound IL
such manner that they can see at tho
opening a light, between which and
themselves persons pass and are seen
by their shadows. He thought we per,
ceiye the shadows OF things and not the
things themselves.
"Methinks," says Locke. THE under
standing Is not much unlike closet
wholly shut from light. with only some
little opening left 10 let In external vls-
IDLE resemblances or ideas of things
without like the pictures formed
within camera.
SO Malebranche proceeds TO lay down
ms principle admitted by an phu,
osophers that we perceive not the OBJ.
tects that are without us Immediately
We see the sun the stars. and an in-
finlty Of objects without US. and IL Is
not at al likely that the soul sallles
out Of the body, and. as Il were. takes
walk through the heavens 10 contem-
plate all those objects. she sees them
not therefore by themselves and can.
not perceive them but by means OF
Ideas.
Now, the question how these Ideas
can be originated In our minds. rs the
one TO which Malebranchc asslduously
addressed himself. He enumerates
The possible ways by which the ideas
OF sensible objects may be presented
10 the mind. either OD they come from
bodies we perceive. or CD the soul has
the mower OF producing them In Itself:
on go they are produced by the diety.
I'd. D.
as there is use FOR them: or 90 the
soul has In itself all the perfectllns
which 1t perceives In bodies; ortD the
soul IL united with a being possessed
Of all perfection, who has IN himself the
IDEAS OF all created things. MalehranchD
thcn employs u chapter on each of these
possible ways OF perception. and by yar-
ious arguments he refutes the first four
ana confirms and adopts the last view.
mat the soul IN united with God, and
percelyes by His power and viii
DOCTRINE OF IDEALIsM.
The doctrine OF Malebranche that we
do not know things In themselves U.s.
iiealism and has been developed with
great learning and argument by Berke-
H. Hume, Kant and Hegel. IL Is, In
another form, almost the doctrine OF
the trua that viii be maintained IN
this essay.
The form In which | shall present e.
Is the more modern and better view
called idealisuc realism. which teaches
That We do know real things In them.
selves but only by reason Of the Ideas
We have OF them. II Is believed that
ihe only reason we can have ideas OF
things, is because things themselves are
NE embodiment of ideas, or OF ideals
We can get ideas from nature. because
there are ideas In nature Nature. like
man, Is hled with mind. Man and ma
lure correspond
An object must have IN itself the ele-
ments OF an idea, or we can get no idea
IRON a. Tor evidently the object can
not give 90 w what % has not. The idea
we gen OF the object must have existed
m the object potentially. and waiting to
be discovered by our mind. To the dis
corning mind the idea in the object IL
revealed by some intoraction between
our mind and the object
or course, as 10 ls truly said. the idea
j in the mind that nerceiyes and not