davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1900-02-27

Asia Minor was the chief opium
market of the world until the twelfth
century. and from her it wa sradu-
ally distributed all over the world.
The Chinese obtained the drug in the
thirteenth century.
, 1900-02-27

London, Feb. 27.-(Special to The
northumberland Cronje and the
troops under him have surrendered to
the British. Lord Roberts sends the
news in the following telegram:
"Paardeburg, Feb. 27.-7:45 a. NJ
General Cronje and all his force ca
pitulated at daylight this morning and
is now a prisoner in my camp. The
strength of his force will be commune
Gated later. l hope her majesty's gov
eminent will consider this event salts
factory, occurring as it does on the an
niversary of Majuba. ROBERTS,"
The news of Cronje's surrender
reached London during a sudden down
pour of rain, but Englishmen thawed
out at once. Absolute strangers stop
ped in the streets, shook hands and
slapped each other on the back; hun
dreds rushed 10 the telegraph offices,
excited throngs blocked thoroughfares
and flags were run up everywhere. A
stranger entering London would not
have known the town, as the usual
staid Englishman was insane with joy.
The stock exchange was opened by the
| singing of God Save the Queen" and
then the jubilant brokers cheered Rob-
erts, Kitchener and everybody connect
ed with the war again and again.
The force surrendered by Cronje is
estimated to number between 1000 and
5000. The event will have a far-reach-
ing effect. 1t opens the southern Free
State to the British, isolates the Beers
in northern Cape Colony and more than
likely frees L%adysmith, news of which
is hourly expected.
The Beers are collecting for the de-
Tense of Bloemfontein, where another
battle is likely to occur.
The Transvaal is still untouched. A
stubborn resistance is expected there in
the hill country, compelling a long and
difficult campaign.
Cronje's surrender was inevitable.
His force was surrendered to from 30
900 to $4,000 British. with upwards OF
100 guns. His position was n chosen
in haste and it's defense consisted chief,
ly of big trekking wagons with which
he surrounded his lager. The wonder
is that he was able to hold out as Ions
as he did.
The queen, upon the news of the sur
render, sent a telegram of congratula
tion to Roberts.
, 1900-02-27

Delight your friends and relatives in
the east by sending them copies Of the
Republicans illustrated edition. Moth
ing could please them more and they
only cost you IL cents. A few more
may be had at this office.
, 1900-02-27
GIVES UP
THE BOER GENERAL SURREN-
DERS HIS WHOLE FORCE
UNCONDITIONALLY.

The News is Received With Wild Re
joicing in the United Kingdom
Retreating Beers Give Excuse for
Larger Rations at Ladysmith-Bul-
Ter Fighting Hard, as Shown by
His Losses-Grass on the Veldt
Burned.
, 1900-02-27

London, Feb. 81, 4:2O a. m.-
The Beers are assembling an ar
my heal Bloemfontein. with which
to dispuate the invasion of Lord
Roberts. This intelligence comes
from Pretoria by way Of Lourenzo
Marques. The commanders are de-
scribed as "~hastening from all quar-
tiers of the two republics" No estima-
, 1900-02-27

London, Feb. 81, 9:57 a. m.-The wal
office IL that Cronje has sur
rendered his whole force uncondition-
ally. ]
, 1900-02-27

Old papers in In quantity, onH Csc
per 100 at The Republican once.
, 1900-02-27

Daily Republican only Coca month.
, 1900-02-27

Daily Republican 6Oc per month.
, 1900-02-27

London, Feb. 27.-(Special to The
Republican .)-General Cronje and the
troops under him have surrendered to
the British. Lord Roberts sends the
news in the following telegram:
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1900-01-15
THE BLACK MENACE In SOUTH AFRICA

glad enough 10 join forces with the
TransYaal burgher.
But there are other blacks I'm south
Africa than Zulus and Basutos. Today
there dwell below the Zambezi river
between 7,000.OOO and 5000. 900 dusky
skinned aborgines To hold these In
check there are altogether some 75O 900
whites. In the Transvaal there are
three blacks TO every white. In Natal
there are eight blacks 10 every white
man Taking all OF South Africa into
consideration, there are at least ten
dark skinned natives for every white
settler. All these blacks may be divid-
ed into two classes. one class is made
up OF the tribal and still more or less
wild natives, who have never yet pass
ed under the yoke OF civilization. The
other class Is made up of the natives
who have taken 10 trousers and indus
try, who labor on the farms work i'm
the gold and diamond mines and are in
the employ OF their white masters i'm
many different capacities. They work
not because they love work. but be-
cause the new order OF things establish
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1900-01-15

! Transvaal war to strike for the free
| dom they have sullenly been looking
for so long, England would indeed have
| her hands full. During her last Zulu
| war England. as she well remembers.
| was for time overmatched, and she
learned TO her sorrow that the wielders
OF the assagai were no mean foes. Her
| final victory was bought only after the
most deplorable bloodshed.
second encounter with those South
African fanatics is al any time most
thoroughly dreaded by England. For
this reason the hand that has held
them down has made IL a principle al
ways TO show more claws than velvet.
Doubly dreaded would be a Zulu out
break when England has her hands tied
by struggle with her African white
enemies. This Zulu who is now being
watched so apprehensively is the best
native fighter in all South Africa. Never
has dark skinned rival beaten him,
and his only vanquishers have been
the English themselves, though at what
terrible cost only England's widows
pension list can show. Physically he is a
powerful. active, fearless and splendid
savage. But beyond this he can claim
another secret Of power, and that Is i'm
the mysteriously splendid organization
Of his forces.
IL was way back at the beginning OF
the century that the great Zulu chief
Tshaka gave this strange black people
their first superiority over their enc
mics on the battlefield. At that time
the Zulus were one OF the weakest OF
the South African tribes. They were
split up into factions and warred eter-
nally upon one another one Umtetwas.
the chief Of a neighboring tribe. fell I'm
with some English soldlery about that
time and marveled az their wonderful
formation and methods. When ne re-
turned TO his own people. ne began 10
organize them into brigades. regiments
and companies and drilled them after
the British fashion. The result was in
evitable. After such organization his |
enemies always wondered why he was /
always so successful on the battlefield. /
He had lieutenant. a youth Of fierce 1
and stupendOus energy OF the name of /
Tshaka. This young man i'm turn quiet /
" studied the organization OF Umtet-
was army and saw that the system OF
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1900-01-15

! ence of the Orange sovereignty. When
he was asked by them for information
as to old treaties, he stated that war
! between two powers breaks all pre-ex-
! isting treaties. and that the British
government therefore had no treaty
| with Chief Moshesh. This left Moshesh
facing his oppressors, the Beers, as an
independent power, and he was not
long i'm taking advantage Of the situa-
ton. Moshesh promptly placed his
frontier line within 20 miles OF Bloem-
fontein, while the orange Free Staters
were most anxious 10 see him safely be-
hind the Caledon river. After a few
years industriously spent in the con-
solidation of his scattered tribes Mo-
shesh declared war on the Orange Free
state. And no idle little war IL vast
It lasted four long years. In the earlier
part OF that struggle with the fierce
blacks OF Moshesh the burghers suffer-
ed severely and IL was not until the
Dutch community. under the presidency
OF Sir John Brand made special effort
and put a large and effective force I'm
the field that Moshesh and his native
warriors were driven back. They were
forcibly elected from the wide. rich
plains lying 20 the east OF the Orange
Free State and were driven back foot
by foot into the barren heights OF the
Drakensberg mountains. At that time
they numbered over 100000 altogether.
and they found themselves without ter
ritory upon which 90 feed their wander
ing and homeless people. The Beers
showed them no mercy and by 1868
practically all Of their territory had
been taken possession OF by the Or
ange Free State.
The Starving Basutos. I'm their dilem-
ma, appealed 90 Great Britain. Great
Britain came 10 their rescue. hut i'm
way not altogether unsclfsh. She pro-
claimed all the territory OF the Basutos
as her own. and az once, therefore. and |
with honest and -unspeakable Anglo i
Saxon indignation. ordered all the COM |
OF the oppressive burghers /
out OF the territory they had overrun. /
England then stepped in herself At /
first sight ~ looked like n case OF out /
of the frying pan into the fire. but. self /
Ish as England's original motives may
have been at the time Of her interven-
ton, that act was certainly a good
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1900-01-15

whO is. numerically infinitely inforinr
20 the passive black In whose heart tbs
spark of rebellion stli burns Amon,,
the wilder. tribal natives the reeIinp of
revolt must be- still stronger. The man
tie OF standardization has never been
forced on their shoulders. they have
never passed under the colonial voLe
and 10 fight is still as natural with
them as 10 eat When il is borne In
mind that Chief Lorothodi OF the IA
sutos can out Of his 217 900 men caIl
80 900 armed warriors. one-h half Of which
number could take the field armed with
modern rifles. and all ma state Of more
or less efficient discipline, some idea of
the possible hghting strength Of the
entire black population Of South Africa
when once aroused may be gained
BasutOland Is a somewhat imited
territory with an area Of g720 SQUARE
miles. but owing 20 It's position between
the Orange Free State, the Cape Col
ony and Natal the attitude of It's black
population just at the present time is
very important consideration with
Great Britain. The Grown Colony of
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1900-01-15

easily understood. too, that the blacks
are anxious 10 take hand In any
ilghting that may he coming along.
III - merely question as 10 whether
their fear for the well remembered iron
hand Of the English or their dormant
instincts for blOodshed and savagery
VIII set the mastery.
The man who has. perhaps more TO
10 Altb the eventual outcome OF this
question than any other individual is
itrpthodi, the chief OF the Basutos. The
iniuai move, should any be made.
would I'm ali probability come from him.
Basutoland has had every reason TO
show its gratefulness TO Great Britain.
II Is indebted 10 this power for the
early recognition OF statehood I'm lS43.
and also for a subsequent intervention
on the part Of England which insured
the existence of Basutoland as state.
But thanks are not always given
where thanks are dde--especially in
African colonial work. When Great
Britain granted a practical independ-
ence TO the Orange Free state. the
question OF the boundary line between
the new state and Basutoland was left
in a rather unsatisfactory condition.
The claim OF Moshesh. the astute Ba-
suto chieftain OF so years ago. was that
Basuto territory extended wherever his
own foot had pressed the ground or any
OF his people had once dwelled II was
in lS47 that an approximate line. known
as the Warden line" was drawn 10 de-
fine the western limits OF Basutoland.
Sir George Russell Clark acted for
Great Britain when the burghers and
emigrant farmers appointed delegates
TO come TO terms about the independ-
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1900-01-15

I 2echuanaland" is over five times the
extent of Basutoland, having an area
| Of some $1,000 square miles. Through
| out this territory dwell over 10000 ma
! tiNeS. North OF the colony proper
! stretches Bechuanaland itself, reach
| ing away north as far as the Zambezi
| river. Mafeking lies at the lower end
/ OF this territory. while farther up to-
| ward the Nyanzas stretches the great
| Kalahari desert. Adequately to police
! this immense district is impossible The
natives who wander about its wilder
nesses have for some time been held
more or less in check by the whites. but
where the pale of civilization ends be-
yond Mafeking the actual influence Of
the English troopers also ends.
Huluand today is supposed 20 have a
black population Of about 150. 600 Tom
galand, just TO the north up the coast.
has also a native population OF about
10000. Swaziland, Just northwest OF
this again. has population that is
hard 90 determine. The lighting pow
ers OF its natives. however. are not
great for they are an agricultural and
peace loving people.
There are. however, supposed 10 be
some G5.0O0 OF these pastoral natives I'm
Swaziland. and just how they would
act when the infection Of revolt reached
them IL Is hard TO say. In the South
African Republic itself there are some
$780, 900 blacks. So these different fig
ures are somewhat disquieting when
considered In connection with the men.
ace the black offers 90 civilization I'm
South Africa.
IL can easily be seen how the attitude
Of these different black races Is one OF
the most important factors. apart from,
the actual denouement Of the present
struggle between the Britisher and the |
Boer. which have 60 be taken into con-
sideration In South Africa. 10 can be
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1900-01-15
ROYALTY BEFORE THE CAMERA,

| Who is the most photoed royal per-
sonage? And whose lineaments are
| most valuable commercially? AS might
| be expected, Albert Edward. prince of
] Wales, easily heads the former list.
| There are so many thousands of his
| photos that IL is popularity supposed
that he poses before the lens every time
he assumes a new tie. Then comes his
ubiquitous and vivacious nephew. VIII
liam III, who has a neat little collection
of his regal self i'm over 600 different
poses, and all out Of his own head
Naturally. most Of them are military
Empress Frederick is repeatedly photo
graphed, but inclines to a family group
arranged by herself.
Emperor Francis Joseph objects to
being posed at all, but prefers a nat
ural attitude. He is a first class mod
el. i'm direct contrast TO the emperor of
Russia. who simply hates the camera
so much that. what with his objection
10 face the lens at all and his nervous
ness under the operation, there are very
few portraits at all resembling him. ex-
cept those that are not his at all. but
borrowed from his double. the Duke OF
York. The sultan's hatred of the cam
era amounts to a mania. and his taste
Is Justlned, judged by his latest photo.
Wilhelmina the Good likes to be
shot early and often while Carmen
sylvia loves a shoppy representation of
her classic self as professional poet
ess. And last. but by no means least,
the aged queen of England is very
tired Of being photoed. and generally
her WEAKNESS is shown I'm the result.
She regards the matter from the point
of view Of duty.
Commercially "the pope" goes off like
hot cakes. and $4,000 of him are sold
yearly, Chromos not counted. The
Princess Of Wales is only beaten by a
head (the pope's) and comes an easy
second with $1,000. William the Sec
ond to None" goes very strong with
$4,000 and the car comes only a short
length behind with 1900, while that
lady Of many sorrows. the Empress Eu-
genie, finds only 500 purchasers per an
mum.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1900-01-15

thing for Noshesh and his tribes. As a
consequence of such Intervention the
blacks received reservation of land
sufficient 90 support their population.
ana so well have they nourshed on
their rich. lowIand plains during the
last 30 years that their numbers have
more than doubled. and they have be-
come reftive under the consciousness Of
their numerical strength and the pres
sure OF overpopulatiCn. IL Is still a
cherished dream with their people to
regain the territory they owned and
roamed over half a century ago. All
iheir iand is taken up. and now year
by year their male population Is forced
10 travel southWard and seek work In
the cage Colony, in the Transvaal, in
Natal and even IN the homes OF their
old time archenemics. the Orange Free
Staters. Every Basuto who goes In
and out OF his country In search Of
work today is forced 10 travel through
the fruitful plain Of the Caledon river.
which his people still call "the CON
quered territory Some day he hopes
once more 10 put up his kraals there
He feels, indeed, that the present time
would not be a bad one for making the
effort Is il any wonder then that he
IS aching To take up arms against the
BoeR Yet, should he once be allowed
to do so, is II possible 10 set any limits
TO the extremes 10 which his ancient
hatred would drive him?
The man who at present has the task
OF holding the basutos in check is Sir
G. Yeatraan Lagdon. and II can be seen
that his responsibility is no light one.
Should the Zulus. on the other hand
seize the opportunity offered by the
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1900-01-15

portunity 20 crafty this dormant pas
sion for bloodshed? VIII the natives OF
Africa once more take up arms and, be-
cause of the preoccupation or the inn
potency OF their old time white masters
who hitherto have held them down,
deluge the lower half OF the dark conti-
nent i'm blood and turn the hands OF the
clock of civilization back a century or
two by the savageries and atrocities
which would be sure to follow?
Such questions il is not easy TO an
swer. Just what such an uprising
would stand for, however, IL is not diff
cult TO understand. There have been
many symptoms and not few actual
occurrences to show that such a con-
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1900-01-15
Sir G
YeArnAN

tingency is far from remote. The bur-
ghers OF the Transvaal and the Kaffirs
have already had a clash OF arms. The
Basutos have also applied TO the Eng
lish authorities for permission TO go on
the warpath and wipe out i'm their own
characteristically savage way certain
old scores they hold against the Beers.
These same Basutos hate their neigh
bors, the Zulus. almost as much as they
hate the Beers. Nothing could ever
make a Zulu and Basuto fight side by
side. The Zulu. on the other hand, re-
members n cruel trouncing or two
Great Britain gave him not so many
years ago. IL is true he abominates
the Boer even more than he dlslikes
the English, but against the English
and the Basutos combined he would be
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1900-01-15

ed with the incoming of the Anglo
Saxon demanded that they labor. leave
the country or perish. Even the ap-
parently peaceful laboring classes
among the Kafiirs have 90 have the po-
tent bayonet point held significantly
over them as gentle reminder that
law and order, and law and order
novel TO them, is their present heritage.
The veneer OF civilization which has
been forced on these Kaffirs does not
go very deep. They have been forcihly
disarmed. forcibly domesticated ham
mered into docility and coerced into the
use OF the hoe and the pickax.
But the power that has done all this
has been suddenly shown up I'm all It's
weakness. Every man IL can call upon
IL needs I'm its struggle against foe
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1900-01-15

AFRICA have been STEPPED I'm blood. So
the mailed fingers were frightened on
the throat OF the native. The native
Writhed and struggled under that
steey pressure. but the hand proved
stronger than the throat IL held. and
Nuiu ana Swazi and Tonga and Basuto
ana Gaika hung away their assagai and
MarcIub and skunk back to their VIII
Iages with protestatIons OF peace on
,helr hps' but eternal enmity In their
hearts.
Iouay The great iron hand has other
Nork 10 do. All its strength ls de-
nlanded IN the struggle Of white against
Mhi'e. Inc vital question at such n
'.,ne IS VIII the blacks take advantage
oL 'nis war between the Britishers and
the burghers2 VIII they selze the on
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1900-01-15
The Dormant Fires Of Old Time SaVagery
Threaten to Break Out Among the
South African Natives Now That
the Beers and the British
Are at War.

I~HE south African black Is a born
nshter. The passion for blood
shed is bred in his bones. After
centuries of intertribal belllger-
ehcy he takes not lightly TO the ways of
peace.
England saw this when her redcoats
first stepped on African soil. She learn
ed II a second time when she ATTEMPTED
TO make herself the molder of south
African destlnies. Those restless black
hordes that swarmed 1000 900 strong
over the hills and valleys and plains
south OF the Zambezi have had To be
held down with an iron hand.
When once that great iron hand was
relaxed, the kopjes and kraals OF South
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1900-01-15
WHAT THE FINGER NAILS TELL.

In days when superstition was more
prevalent than IL is now the shape and
appearance OF the finger nails were con-
sidered 10 have reference 20 ones des-
tiny. To learn the message OF the fin
ger nails IL was necessary TO rub them
over with a compound OF wax and SCOT
and then TO hold them so that the sun
light fell fully on them. Then on the
horny transparent substance certain
signs and characters were supposed 20
appear. from which the future could be
interpreted
Persons. too. having certain kinds OF
nails were credited with the possession
OF certain characteristics. Thus. a mar
with red and spotted nails was suppos.
ed TO have a hot temper. while pale.
lead colored nails were considered 10
denote melancholy temperament.
Narrow nails were supposed 20 betray
ambition and quarrelsome nature.
while round shaped nails were the dis
tinguishlng marks OF lovers OF knowl-
edge and people OF liberal sentiment.
Concelted. narrow minded and obstinate
folk were supposed 20 have small nails.
indolent people fieshy nails and those
Of gentle. retiring nature broad nails.
The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, 1900-01-15

hidden % sell 10 school children books
stitched with wire. as several cases of
blood poisoning have been traced To
scratches from rusty wire.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1900-05-30
ANTI TRUST SCHEME.
Organizations in Breidenthaps Interest
Being Made.


The Populist campaign committee is
pushing the organization of antitrust
clubs in every county in the state, in
tending to make this one of the features
of their campaign this year
It is reported that men are at work
all over the state perfecting these or
CARNATIONS, doing it as quietly as pos
sible. w H. Pratt of Topeka is work
ing in the vicinity of Concordia, while
other man have been assigned to vari-
Gus congressional districts.
The Republican managers claim this
plan originated with John Breidenthal,
and charge that it is another feature of
the alleged secret organization which is
booming Bredenthal
The opposition to Breidenthal in his
own party have repeatedly made the
charge that he has been working with
secret q 90 nization similar to tie one
in Kansas years ago known as the
Videttes.
The Breidenthal organization is
charged with being an oath bound
secret operating scheme which reaches
out here and there, taking in men who
subscribe to a pledge and agree to many
things similar to the old Alliance or
ganization.
To all of these charges Mr.. Breiden-
thai pays no heed, but merely laughs.
However, the Populists in authority
do not deny that the antitrust organi-
cation scheme is being pushed with
VIgor in all parts of the state.