davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1900-01-19
Turkestan Alfalfa.

Turkestan alfalfa promises to be-
come one of our most important
plants, as 1t seems specially adapted
to stand great variations of heat and
cold. The first importations were
brought to this country by special
agent of the Department Of Agricul-
ture, who followed the northward
growth of alfalfa in Asia till he
reached lands where 1t was every WIN
ter subject to cold as severe as Az de-
grees below zero. AS the same coun-
try Is subject to intense drouth, it
follows that this plant must have rare
staying powers to endure such changes.
The variety of alfalfa now being
grown in this country Qucerne) came
originally from Central Asia, having
been first heard of in Media. 1t was
taken to Greece in the times of Darius
and was afterward cultivated along
the shores of the Mediterranean by the
Romans, French and Spanish. Thus
for at least 1000 years before being
imported into this country 1t was
grown in warm countries and has
largely become a warm country plant.
Very likely in it's origin it occupied
region south of that now called Turke-
stan alfalfa. This would account for
its freezing out SO badly last winter
in Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado and
Wyoming. One years experience with
Turkestan alfalfa indicates great
hardness. Last winter was one of the
coolest ones we have ever experienced,
but Turkestan alfalfa was uinjured in
the very states where lucerne froze out
badly. At the Wyoming Experiment
Station plat of Turkestan alfalfa was
exposed for two weeks without injury
to a daily temperature of So degrees
below zero, and on some Of the days
the temperature went as low as 40
degrees below. In California it was
subjected without damage to a drouth
that seriously injured ordinary alfalfa.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1900-01-19
Soil Surveys.

A new department is being very
gradually added to some Of our expert
ment stations, that of soil surveys. We
have long felt the need of knowing
more about the soils OF our farms. For
some years the eyes of scientists have
been on Maryland, where this work
has been carried on more extensively
perhaps than in any other state. All
the soil of the state has been mapped,
showing just what kind Of soil is found
In each township. To do good work
in farming 1t Is absolutely necessary
to find out what is already in the soil.
Our farmers hitherto have had to take
their farms as unknown quantities.
They have been limited in their
knowledge of the soils, even when the
owners have been graduates Of agri-
cultural colleges. 1t was comparative
ly easy to say that such soil Is
sandy, or clayey, but that meant but
little. Its composition other than the
sand or clay could be determined only
by experience with numerous crops.
This necessary experimentation has
proved very costly to the people that
have been forced to carry 1t on. 1t is
a good thing that science has taken 1t
up. The work Is SO vast that 1t will
take years to plat the states and ter
ritories, but we expect to see the work
carried on steadily. In few years
hence it may be easy for a man, in
tending to invest in agricultural lands,
to sit down and study out from these
soil maps the question for himself, &C
cording to the crop he desires to
raise. Such maps will contain many
surprises. They will show some of the
now supposedly poor land to be Of
great value for certain crops, its value
simply never before having been learn
ed because the crops that would have
done best were never planted. Every
year much of our area Of certain crops
has been on land entirely unified to
growing them.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1900-01-19
AMERICAN WITH Beers.

Duncan N. Hood, an American sol
der and graduate of West Point, is
serving as a commissioned officer In
the Boer army. Hood is son OF the
famous Gen. Hood. He attended Riv-
erview Military Academy, where he
was prepared for West Point.
Duncan was adopted by John Morris
of New Jersey, who educated him..
After graduation Hood travelled
through South America, Central Amer
lea and Mexico. Then he resigned his
position as second lieutenant and took
up the study of mining engineering In
Columbia College. When the war be-
tween the United States and Spain
broke out he promptly dropped studies
and speculation and went at once to
his native state, Louisiana. He was
the first to suggest to President Nc
Kinley the idea of immune regiments
for service in Cuba and was called 10
Washington to discuss the idea. The
result was that Mr.. Hood was COM
missioned as colonel of one Of the regi-
ments. 1t happened that this regi-
ment saw no active service in Cuba.
Last July, after being mustered out,
Col. Hood returned to New York and
resumed his studies. The fact that he
had not seen actual fighting left him
restless to know what battle meant
Then came the trouble in South At
RIGA, and the young soldier, again
dropping his books and putting aside
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1900-01-19
FARM AND GARDEN.
MATTERS OF INTEREST TO
AGRICULTURISTS
Some Up-to-Date Hints About Gull
tiyation of tho Soil and Yields
Observation-Disclosures Viticulture and
Horticulture.
The Grain Farmer and Sheep Feeder.

| The Grain Farmer and Sheep Feeder
A bulletin of the South Dakota Ex-
pertinent Station says: 1t is a de-
plorable fact and one that does not
speak well for the enterprise or in
telligence of either our sheep-raisers
or our Farmers, that of the small num-
Der of sheep which are annually raised
large percentage is shipped eass IN
an unfinished" condition. At the
same time hundreds of thousands OF
bushels of grain are annually SOLD at
price that entails an actual loss 10
the producer. In the past, and TO
large extent at present, our cheap
range sheep and our cheap grains are
freighted east at great expense anu
there fed at handsome profit. we
are glad to note, however, that some
of the more progressive farmers in this
state are aveiling themselves OF these
favorable conditions and are thereby
realizing handsome profits. We woulo
not be understood as advising all sheep
men to go to raising grain, nor that
all grain farmers should go into the
sheen business. Neither do we believe
that all the successful sheep-raisers
are fitted by taste, experience, enVi-
ronment or business ability to become
successful feeders. But we do pelieVe
that many Of them are so fitted ana
that there are a sufficient number OF
such in every neighborhood to 1eeo
An1u a manV Sne6D
as are now produced annually, Dut
enough more to consume all or the
coarse grains and fodder produced.
We believe that all coarse grains ana
fodder produced should be fed wltnln
orr state. and that no feeders" shoulo
be shipped out until all such ioou
stuffs are consumed. We believe that
the farmers and the sheep men are
too far apart" not only geograph-
ically. but also in their way OF looking
at this important problem. Geograpn-
ically they might be brought mucn
closer together If all the rough, stony
hilly or unoccupied lands, OF which
every, country has more or iess' "eie
utilized for sheep ranges.
On many farms both grain farming
and sheep raising can be prontaply
conducted, but when this does not
seem advisable the two industries can
be carried on upon closely adjoining
lands. with mutual profit to Doth the
farmer and the sheep man. II tne
grain farmer would take into consiu-
Grafton the value he would derive from
having a sheep man for neighoor'
who would buy and consume his sur
plus grain product and also render
him an even greater service by Keep
ing the stubble lands, fallow fields and
waste places free from weeds; and II
the sheep man would appreciate the
advantage of being able to buy cheap
grain of his neighbor in order to hnlsh
his sheep, we believe they would ma
it mutually beneficial. In order 10 aio
in bringing about this order OF Things
a series of feeding experiments was
begun during the past season, and IL
is hoped that the work may be con-
tinued for some years to come.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1900-01-19
THE RICHEST SCHOOL GIRL.
A Kentucky Maidcn's Fortune Estimatodi
mt More Than $4,000, 900.


mt More Than 61O,OOO,OOO.
There is school girl in Louisville"
said a Kentucky man of political prom
inence, pretty well along in her teens
who is one of the richest persons OF
her age in the United States, and there
is gold mine romance goes with her
fortune. Her grandfather was John b.
Williams. born in Somerset KY, whor
as a young lawyer, went to San Fran
cisco. There in the course Of his prac-
tice he undertook to float gold mine
in Nevada, and he earned fee OF ST.
500 for his labor. However, the mine
didn't pan out right and the company
went to pieces without paying Mr. VIII
liams his feel may say that he was
then or afterward encouragement OF
the state-and it was agreed that ne
should foreclose on the mine and buy
it in for his fee. This he did, and a
couple of years or so later, repre-
sentative of the Flood, Mackey q
O'Brien interests, just then coming INTO
prominence, came into his once one
day and offered him $4,000 for his
mine, which adjoined their big Nevada
property He declined to sell, although
nearly paralyzed by the proposition
and the figures were rapidly advanced
to 100000 which Mr.. Williams also
declined, because he was sure now that
he had good thing, though he had not
suspected 1t before, but he agreed 10
put the mine in with the other Interest,"
and take his share of the profits. On
this basis the F. M. & OBJ. people took
over the mine that had cost Williams
81 500 and he began to get dividends.
Not great while afterward repre-
sentative of the majority holders told
Mr.. Williams that somebody was bear
ing the stock in the market and he did
not know what the result would be-
but If he wanted to sell out he coulo
do so. Mr. Williams was willing to
sell If he could get his price, and after
several days dickering he sold his in
terest, receiving for 1t check for 3d.
100000, the largest check, by the way,
ever drawn by anyone on the PACING
coast. After that Mr.. Williams was on
Easy street, but money does not pro-
long life indefinitely and in time he
died, leaving married sons and daugh-
tiers who did not long survive him. The
young girl speak of is the daughter
of one of Mr.. Williams daughters, and
she is now the sole heir of the property
of her grandfather which, l am reli-
ably informed, has increased in value
until it is worth somewhere between
100000 and $12,000,000."
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1900-01-19

clean as possible. In some cases the
use of fertilizer might assist the trees
to withstand borer attacks.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1900-01-19
German Millet.

This millet is called, also, Southern
Millet, American Millet, Golden Millet,
Mammoth Millet, Bengal Grass, Da-
kota Millet. 1t grows to a height OF
four or five feet, and has heads that
are to inches long and an inch
wide. This variety has been in gen.
eral cultivation in the South since the
early seventies, but was introduced
into the United States many years ear
lier. Prof. Crozier regards the East
Indies as the most probable source Of
it's introduction into the United States,
and remarks that the name Bengal
Grass" by which 1t was first known
in this country, suggests such an ORR
gin. Flint, on the contrary, makes the
statement that it was first brought to
the United States from Europe. How
ever this may be, 1t seems that the
seed used in Tennessee, where this va
riety first came into real prominence,
was brought from France in the early
sixties, and since that time has been
the leading millet sown in the South.
German millet makes heavy yield OF
forage under favorable conditions. but
does not stand drouth as well as the
smaller varieties, such as common mil
let and Hungarian. The hay is coarser
and less highly valued than that from
the smaller millets, but when the for
age can be fed in the green state this
will be found to be an excellent variety
to grow, ON account of the heavy yield.
German millet is the latest Of the
varieties commonly grown here, and Is
exceedingly variable in its appearance
and habit Of growth. 1t is very sell
dom that one sees field that is uni
form in character. Many, perhaps
most, of the heads may be typical Of
the variety, but usually there will be
many others scarcely to be distin-
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1900-01-19

in this cell the larva passes the winter.
We illustrate the mature and larval
form OF the insect. The beetle Is
bronze in color. There are only two
methods of control known at pres
ent. One is to use such clean
cultural methods that the insects will
find no harboring places. Prof. Chit
tenden believes that the trees cannot
be saved after being once attacked, and
that the only safe thing to do is to
cut down and burn infested trees. This
work should be done before the beetles
emerge in May and June. Unattached
trees may be protected by using va
rious mixtures as washes. among them
being mixture Of linseed oil and
resin. Some have even recommended
whitewash poisoned with small
quantity of some arsenite such as ar
semitic of lead. There is danger In the
application of strong arsenites to
young trees, but old trees will not be
injured.
A measure of utmost value for the
protection of trees from the attacks of
borers consists in keeping them in the
best possible condition, free from
fungi, moss, or abnormal growth, from
loose bark, and keeping the trunks as
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1900-01-19

Observation-Disclosures quick re-
Spouse is desired, as in market gar
dening and in the case of spring grains,
the undissolved phosphates must give
place to superphosphate unless the soil
has been previously well stocked with
the former for several years. The i'm
mediate good results from bone are
usually due more to the nitrogen than
to the phosphoric acid. This nitrogen
is. however, quite ineffective as COM
pared with that known as nitrate OF
soda; for this reason at the, present
high price Of bone. it is well to con-
slider IL floats Finely ground mineral
phosphate) cannot economically re-
place It.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1900-01-19
ravages Of this borer, all the birch
trees in the city will be destroyed.

ravages of this borer, all the birch
trees in the city will be destroyed.
One Of our cuts herewith given
shows the work Of this borer. The
galleries run so closely together and
cross and recross in such confusion
that 1t is impossible to trace any in
dividual burrow.
Injury can be detected in the trunk
by a reddish discoloration from one
quarter of an inch to one inch in
width, this being caused by the ex-
udation of sap and the ejectment of
excrement. Another indication of the
insects presence is the dying of the
trees at their tops. The insect appears
to attack the tree at first among the
larger branches at a considerable
height, causing the tree to die at the
top, while the remaining lower
branches keep green. Its presence is
also manifested by the uneven. wavy
appearance Of the bark. which shows
more or less regular spiral ridges on
the smaller branches.
The larva, as a rule, enters the wood
in the fall of the year and there con-
structs cavity. which probably serves
the purpose Of a pupal cell. in which
II passes its ultimate Transformations
In late spring or early summer. With
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1900-01-19

The best soil for celery is muck
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1900-01-19
A Destructive Birch Treo Borer.

In a report of the Division OF En-
tomology Of the Department OF Agrl-
culture, Prof. F. H. Chittenden, regard
ing the birch tree borer, Agrllus
anxius, says it was noticed that the
birch trees in Buffalo were being de-
stroyed, and an investigation showed
that the above named borer was tun-
neling under the bark OF the trees.
The belief is expressed that unless
something is done at once to stop the
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1900-01-19
Agricultural Notes.

With a proper amount of stock on
the ranges the grasses would not have
been pulled out; for the root systems
would have been so deep that the hold
of the soil would have been complete.
Permitting the top of the grass plant
to be kept always short results in
evitably in shortening the grass roots.
The latter finally become shortened till
little more than the base Of the plant
remains in the soil, and in that condi-
ton the plant is easily pulled out by
any grazing animal that comes along.
Not only are these plants pulled out
by animals but the frost is constantly
heaving them out, which would not be
possible with well developed grasses.
The American farmer needs to be i'm
pressed with the necessity Of protect
ing his grass landz. Keep the pas
lures in good shape and it will not be
necessary to pasture them. The short
conditions Of the pastures is what too
often influences the farmer to turn the
stock into his meadows. Under a
proper system our pastures would pro-
duce four times the amount of forage
they do at the present time. Thus on
many of our pastures the feed per acre
for the entire feeding season would
aot equal half ton II dried. The full
crop obtained from the feeding ground
should equal two tons, IL dried. 1t ap-
pears plain that the grazing problem
is one of the most serious Of all the
problems confronting us.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1900-01-19

]. II. Monrad says that the average
COW is the curse Of dairying. II that
Is so. what about the COW that falls a
good way below the average COW and
that helps to make the average COW
rlossLhlei
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1900-01-19

Iron and alumina (Redonda) phos-
phate in its raw or natural condition.
even when finely ground. is generally
considered of little agricultural value.
and is looked upon in Europe as a dan
gerous adulterant Of other phosphates.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1900-01-19
Definition of BrIc-a-Rrac.

Definition of Bric-a-Brac.
Little Dick-Uncle Richard, what Is
bric-a-brac? Uncle Richard-Bric-a-
brac is anything you knock over and
break when you are feeling for
matches in the dark.-Puck.
Austin's Hawaiian weekly. [volume] (Honolulu [Hawaii]) 1899-190?, 1900-01-20
BILL OF THE MARY B.

Over the dingy sides of the schooner Mary B. leaned man,
slowly pulling on COB pipe ahs gaze rested the river
smoke snortng turned the bows of approach
ing feryboat which sweved from its with eephanne
grace and spashd toward the slip In the crowd her
of Salvation Army ases and these the
n the Mary pfnsa s his he s Pa ID, steadily n the
ed something's Say, Jim; come here"
slouchy individual with ginger chin whskers, appeared
from the cabin Bill, the smokers, command
"Jim' he began, after preliminary puff "chrsmas is get
"Three days off,, volunteered Jim.
"And most likely" Bill "some of them Salvation
poor If any happens today ashore-mnd
don't say anvil Jmbut if anything tn Salvation
bonnet does aboard EN- what they ask for m and
high: W 2Tsy vs.,..a 1 after respectful. wait. who did no,
Because said Bill edo you anyone hangn round the
boat askn you drinks what yer mother what's
dead would think you now Sometimes they and pray
you terrible Mind what m and give EN- what they
and git ashore quick and don't drink but
the Mariners Church Sunday but don't let EN-
ed on religion.
Bill was the largest on schooner Mary b.,
big fist saved him from such accusation the Mary B.
Jim shambled thoughfuy into the cabin where Bill soon fol-
lowed, and began peeing potatoes for the evening meal
Suddenly Jim looked and whispered: "Shes come, and
gangpank the cabin With word that fortunately,
wild scramble Bill the potatoes below dash
od s
appeared at the cabin and knocked.
Come in, Miss said Bill striving to be polite and
The entered and said she erand for the
Christmas poor but before she explained Exp further she laid War
This threatening indication to Bill, and, wishing to
keep things his hands, he his love for reading
said he had just finished article about the African and
started to repeat parts of it, After his exhausted Bill
stopped breath and asked what he could do for poor
Christmas, and vouchsafed that Jim wanted give
something, too
"Thank you sir, said the woman; elf you could only see
of the unorunates that Christmas dinner
wrecked from drink and Il hope don't drink, for
80, ma ami said Bill, hastily. with uneasy glance
the half concealed Jug under the table, ms also
the place but he warned by nudge fix his
gaze in safer direction.
"Im glad of that" said Ensign Miller "thees not man,
saormen what say that but mebbe you've been
meetings..
eyes, ma am: but not for week two said Bill.
Jim evidently confused by the situation, lost in admir-
Austin's Hawaiian weekly. [volume] (Honolulu [Hawaii]) 1899-190?, 1900-01-20
AUSTIN'S HAWAIIAN WEEKLY

alton for his mates unexpected virtues tor he maintained an
"And hope you don't either continued the
sssrehng gazs and the threatening gesture from his
no. maam he don't and he's great s on the Bible and
chaps Christmas nposed Bill hoping he had changed the cur
rent of conversation.
questions leading their spiritual welfare
skluy parted by Bill who perspng under the strain
when Jim unexpectedly his relief and by direct ques
ton, succeeded where diplomacy had failed
II get supper, ma'am he sad "tel me what want
for the Christmas poor before go below"
"1f you will give old clothes garments in couple
But Ensign Miller would do lost in the express.
ions of readiness to comply with her request.
81 will below and some, volunteered m jumping at
the chance to escape.
"No will CO. You might catch cold your lungs
said Bill solsousy slipping below and leaving Jim asonished
learning of his malady
In few minutes Bill reappeared with great bundle Of
the e @ op y st' nu @ Of the @
belonging other members Of the and his best shirt
Bill dissuaded him.
pouse thanks wishes blessings returned
SIGN departed and Bill cIenchsd his big fist as he threatened lin
with varied toues should the disposal OF the crews belongings
become known while he remained on the Mary B.
Christmas cold clear, wind whised mely
in the schooners upper rigging the celebrated below
Captain Smith had ordered dinner after do
Bill volunteered to spin and was approaching the climax
when knock heard and Jim whispered excedy his
"shes Bill nd got all them clothes washed and patched
up, and 1915 for the ob!'
"Wha tip gasped Bill, atengly, and then made dash on
deck where he confronted Ensign Miller smiling radanty
Thee dollars and seventy five toward Christmas
dinner but of the clothes good Oh,
kind-hearted man, sir, a-helping out
"You collecting clothes for the and want
pay for other folks washing WON'T, shouted Bill
81 thought you understood, said the Ensign, with troubled
face: "the money goes for their Christmas dinner
"And so it does said voice ,i from the mate who had ap
preached unnoced "Shel out, Bill he said that individual
hesaed perhaps you'd rather have the men know how
sneakd their clothes he continued But Bill had hastily
placed his donation in the Ensgns palm and beat the
cabin.
His appearance with wild chorus of "Hooray fer Bill
Christmas box My old shirt good new Bully fer
benevolent Bill and in the CENTRE like king of jewellers
m holding his thin sides and showing his yellow snags of teeth
as he will
Wheeling register. [volume] (Wheeling, W. Va.) 1878-1935, 1900-09-25

were dismissed. The other five were
locked up again. Yesterday morning
there were four more DRINKS up
against it. Three of them paid their
fines.
Allen o. Myers, of Columbus, passed
through town Sunday evening on his
way to Monroe county.
The Rag Time Reception company Is
at the Columbia . night.
Mrs. William hlldow of Giffin, and
Miss Neoa Kildow, of Bethesda, are
visiting relatives in this city.
Mrs. Mamie Moore and daughter,
Mary. are visiting the family of Aud
itor Aldridge, Of st. Clairsyille.
Fred Wilkins is again on duty at
the Columbia, after a few days sick
ness.
Carl McNabb and Harry Bippus left
yesterday for Scio to attend college.
The McCauley and Patton company
will open weeks engagement at the
Columbia theater next week
S. T. Danford, of Cambridge, was
in town yesterday on business.