El Paso daily herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1881-1901, 1900-09-11

inridge were reoccupied, tie latter be
| ing renamed Fort Stanford, but bott
positions were presently abandoned,
as the sites were undesirable aud the
buildings have been destroyed.
Early in June Col, Carlton arrived
At Tucson, where, in an order of the
Sth, he proclaimed she news of q ter
ritorisl organization by congress-, and
declared the territory under martial
| law. Good order WAS easily preserved,
the most violent rebel partissns hsv-
log departed with Hunter. All who
remained were required to take the
oath of allegiance, turbulent and M
desirable characters being essil 2
driven away by threats OF arrest for
disudion sentiments. and q few union
men found their way back from So
nora.
TREATY WITH MEXICO.
What is now known as Arizona was
added TO the United States In 1858.
December 30 Of that year James Gads-
den, United States minister TO Mexico,
concluded treaty by which the
boundary line was moved southward,
so ss to give the United States, for a
money consideration of SIC, O00, 900. all
OF modern Arizona south OF the ella
river.
On the face of the matter the Gads-
den treaty was q tolerably satisfactory
settlement of . boundary dispute, and
. purchase by the Uoited States OF Q
route for a southern railroad to Calf
ornia followed. Under the treaty OF
1SiS the commissioners had agreed on
latitude 32.degrees % minutes, ss the
southern boundary of New Mexico. but
the Uoited States surveyor, who hsd
not agreed 10 this line, had perhaps
surveyed another in 81 degrees "a min
utes, and the New Mexicans claimed
the Mesilla valley between the two
lines as part OF their territory. TIE
United States were bsoms extent
bound by the act OF their commissioner
but Mexico, besides being wrong on
the original proposition, was net Tin
condition to quarrel about so unim-
portant matter.
o. the otner hand, the nor them re-
pu olic could afford TO pay for a rail-
road route through country rich In
mines, and Mexico, though LatiOpal
pride was strongly opposed TO sscri.
fce OF territory, was sadly in need of
money and sold . region that Was
practically of no value TO her. 10 both |
CO ..L. les there Was much bitter critic !
ism of she measure and Q disposition to |
tmpute hidden motives to the respec- |
tive administrations. Indeed, there |
was q common belief In the north that |
the Gadsden purchase was effected with |
q definite view to the organization Of /
southern confederacy.
1t was not until 1856 that the Uoited |
States took military possession of the |
Ga dsden purchase by sending q detaoh- |
ment Of four compa MES OF the 1st ORA |
Roous, which force was stationed at
Tucson and later at CalaosZss. The
territory OF the Gadsden purchase was |
believed to be rich In precious meials. |
Americans had long been more or less |
with Mexican traditions of
immensely rich mines, discovered In /
Jesuit times, and abandoned in couee-
luence of Apache raids. Reports OF the
various government explorers, who
had In all directions noted indications
" mineral wealth, corroborsted the
.urreLt traditions, and made Arizona q
most astr acti ve country for adventurere,
Ill the more so because OF the recent
uccesses OF gold seekers In California.
POLITICS, BUT NO GOVERNMENT
Arizona, besides lite Apacbes and
outlaws, had for several years follow
NC its acq uisition by the United States,
Is politics and politicians. but NOS
much government From 1851 to 1854
{ was 9 part of the territory OF New
nto five o. six counties. A convention
vas held at Tucson August 20, 1856.
which resolved not only to sepd
TO Congress urging the
,rRapizaiion OF q territory of Arizona,
but to send a delegate TO Washington,
md In Septem Der Nathan p. Cook WAS
,iecte1 delegate.
lie was not admitted to a seat, but hi-
mission was brought before she house
cached by the house that IL was not
wise to give Arizona a territorial gov
rnment, because of the limited popu-
alton. but recognized the unfortunate
condition OF the people and agreed TO
rgsnize a Judicial district south OF
he ella. A bill TO that effect was
'sssed by the senate in February, but
vas not acted upon by the house.
In 1850, from the u so the 5.h of
April, there WAS Ella AZ Tucson a con-
titutionsl convention, composed Of
o ordain and establish . provisional
to remain in force until
Congress should organize . territorial
government and no longer. Nothing,
owever, was done under this soi-disApt
overnment beyond the election and
ppointment of officials under lite pro
is!ons.
ARIZONA BILL DISCUSSED.
Finally, In March, 1852, the Arizona
ill was again intr duced and discussed
D congress. The following account Of
be wire-pulling preliminary to the
assaae of the bill is recorded:
"Old Ben Wade, as he was called,
rho was chairman OF the senste COM
,itteee on territories, sscersained, It
said, that there were q number OF
,embers of the expiring congress who
sd been defeated in their own dis
rfcts for she next term and who want
d to 90 west and offer their political