The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1900-04-13
30 Err FARMERS,
They Spend Their Days in Ease and
Content.

With his pipe and tobacco and his
constantly replenished cup of SO
called coffee the country Boer is con-
tent to spend his days in comparative
ldleness. From his homemade chair
Of leather thongs On wooden frame,
standing on the verahdah of his home
stead, he shouts directions to the
various boys" or natives at work in
the wagon house or down by the
stream. AS for himself, particularly
II he has grown-up sons, he does lit
tie, if any, manual work, and still less
mental. He vegetables, Eliminates and
eNpectorates in the beatitude of moth
ing accomplished, nothing done to
earn nights repose.
Very good tobacco Is grown in the
Transvaal particularly in the Potchef-
Btroom district, and under the Maya
liesherg Mountains, near Rustenberg.
1t is always home cured and dried.
AT first it strikes one as peculiar. and
not altogether palatable, as it is very
dry and almost powdery, with an in
dividual flavor which is all its own;
but gradually one grows accustomed
TO it, and eventually one refuses to
smoke anything else 1t is absolutely
1t all day long, and there is no throat
tickling. no harshness and no heat
about it. The farmer produces it for
about Is cents pound, and it is sent
TO the town in great circular rolls.
weighing about 40 pounds each. When
cut and Unraveied, it is retailed at rs
and 50 cents a pound, and search the
world over you will find nowhere bet
ter pipe tobacco.
Among the older Beers it was con-
sidered highly indecorous for a wom-
an to allow her hair to be seen, even
by her sons or daughters. 1t was al
ways, night and day, carefully con-
cealed beneath gigantic sunbonnet
or "kappie," which projected far in
front of the face, somewhat after the
fashion of the old poke bonnet.
The women's dress is almost always
black-of heavy twill material akin
to baiize or bombazine. 1t sticks out
straight all the way around like a
sort of crinoline.
On an outlying farm, which may be
anything from 20 to 200 miles from
town of any sort, the shopping-apart
from the quarterly visit to Nachtmaal,
or Holy Communion-is conducted
through the agency of "smaus." This
is to all intents and purposes. a ped
der who goes from farm to farm with
tray or jewelry and nicknacks in
front of him and pack upon his back,
ready to deal in anything and every
thing that will yield a handsome
profit.
A few quaint, homemade medicines
are kept at hand in every farmhouse,
for the Boer is always falling sick of
some more or less imaginary COM
plant, and wants to be coddled, doc
tered and physiced with all manner of
extraordinary connections. A favorite
remedy for children's commissions is
dogs blood made hot and mixed with
vinegar, while vulture's fat and jack
ais liver combined is supposed to
cure ague and shivering fever
The juice of wild aloes is a sort of
general all-around tonic. which is
given frequently and freely for colds
and coughs, and an oinment made
from the fat of viakvark, or wild
pig, is always used for sprains or
bruises. All these things are "old
women's remedies" but whether it Is
that faith has good deal to do with
cure, it is quite certain that many
of them are extraordinarily eff1ca-
cious. Some of the prescriptions for
preparations of herbs have been hand
ed down to the Beers by native doc
tors, and are very often successful in
mitigating, if not in curing, minor
ailments.
Before the advent of the railway in
the Transvaal, and even now in those
districts into which the iron horse has
not yet penetrated, the whole of the
transport, or carrying trade, Is con-
Quoted by kurveyors. Every other
Boer farmers son is, or was, kur-
veyor, or carrier. Their only stock
in trade was a wagon or 16 oxen. The
former, usually built in the Cape Col
Ony at one or other of the famous
wagon dorps, is strong, heavy, we'll
put-together concern, either half or
fully tented, capable of carrying goods
to weight of five or six tons, and
drawn by eight spans, of two each, of
patient, meek-eyed oxen. These YER
table beasts of burden can walk for
eight hours day at uniform pace
Of three miles an hour. At the head
Of the team strides a little, nearly
naked, Kaffir boy, called the "voor-
topper" He guides the long string
of oxen by short riempje, or strap,
attached to the horns of the near side
leader. On the wagon sits the kerr
veyor, flourishing twenty-foot whip
at the end of long bamboo whip
stick. With quite extraordinary dex-
terity he is able to flick any one of
his team on any part of the body, IL
he thinks that particular OK Is tagging
bit, or not doing his share of the
pulling. The worst OK of the team,
the one which always comes in for
the most punishment, is, in a spirit
OF derision, always called "Engelsch.
man" Or Enolichmou