Arizona silver belt., 1900-06-21
THE CAMPAIGN.
The Election of a President Has Become a Costly
 Affair.
MILLIONS ARE EXPEN DED
Importance of the Literary Bureau An Army of Clerks, Writers and Speakers are Employed by Re-
 spective National Committees.

lnc uldCulHcEN Ol thC uldidEShiNh' of a presidential campaign has come
 to be as complicated and us exact in its workings as a great railroad system or industrial establishment, says l.. A. Coolidge, in the June Ainslee's Maga
 zine. If one of the earlier chairmen could have had at his disposal the funds which are now handled by the committees of the two great parties, he would be at loss to know what to do with them.
 The election uf 1888 was the first national election in which the diStri- button of what is known as campaign literature played a part of the first importance. Before that the greatest attention had been paid to the work of campaign orators and to the diStri- button of money in doubtful states, through state committees. to perfect organization and bring voters to the polls. When Samuel ]. Tilden ran for president in 1876, his literary ou- reau" was subject of ridicule among
 
 the older politicians, who looked upon it as new and QuiXotic scheme. But the literary bureau has now become the most important adjunct of every national committee. In 1896 the Re- publican national committee eXpend- ed $500, GOO for printing alone, and the greater portion of the money raised by the Democratic committee was used in the same way. But this was only carrying out on an even larger scale the work which played an lmpor- tant part in the elections of 1888 and 1892
 In 1896 the Democrats, having cast aside their old leaders, were left to scramble as best they could. Although from the contributions of otlice-holderS and through other means they man. aged to scrape together over sl,OOO,OOO "a respectable sum as campaign funds were regarded in earlier days S-thcy were far outstripped by their oppo- nents. The republican committee received in contributions from the three states of New York, Pennspl- yania and Massachusetts over S3,OO0,- 900, and other states made contrlbu- tion, although in nothing like these sums.
 The national commit ttee is the crea- ture of the national convention. At every convention each state delegation meets and selects the man who is to represent the party in the state and national organization. and the com mittee they created ceases to exist when the next national conventiLu IS called to order This IS true both of the Republican and of the Democratic parties. But there is difference be- [ tween the active working organization | of the two great political bodies. The | executive officers of the Demcratic i committee are selected from the com ! mittee itself. A different system has | grown up among the Republicans. It has happened in the two last cam paignS that the man at the head of | the Republican organization was not even a member of the national com mittee as originally constituted. This has grown out of the fact that the candidate for president is allowed to select the chairman of the executive committee. which is entrusted with the active work of the campaign.
 By 1896 the Republican room, with two or three desks and chairs, of earlier days had developed into great establishment with twenty-two dis tinct departments and over 300 clerks and employees. Each one of these departments had it's own head, Subor- dinate in turn to somebody higher up, ultimate responsibility rcp0Seing in the chairman of the committee; and every head of department was held as rigidly responsible for those beneath him as if he had been the foreman of d shop or the chief of a government bureau. The visible, obvious branches were those which had to do with ora tory and the distribution of what has come to be known as campaign liter ature.
 At the head of the speakers bureau wa, William NJ. Hahn, of Ohio. For nearly three months he had to man age an establishment which was kept | as constantly busy and alert as a train | dispatcher's office. Over 600 speakers were in the service of the western division of the headquarters at Chicago while nearly as many more reported to the eastern division with headquarters | at New York. where General Osborne | and Joseph II. Manley were in charge. These speakers were travelling con stantly, and there was not an hour in the day when the whereabouts of any | one of them was not known at the | headquarters. Campaign orators in l the service of the national committees 1 are well paid for their work. This is not generally understood, and it was n lt the case until comparatively re- cent years. In the earlier days they |