davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1897-1901, 1900-02-25

trees, and the propagation OF vegetation,
by restricting the sun off and by drawing
UP the moisture from below the surface OF
the ground through roots: the enormous
quantity of aqueous vapor injected into
the air by the combustion Incident to n
teeming population. had all combined TO
increase the rainfall and to render the
sub-arid plains more responsive to the
labors of the husbandman.
1T is to be regretted" Prof Moore says,
that this beautiful theory cannot be sup
ported by fact. but p moments thought
will indicate to the physicist that the vol
ume of superintendent air is so great and
its capacity for retaining moisture so enor-
nous that the additional vapor OF water
evaporated as above described, great
though 1t be- is Intellectual to change ap-
probably the amount OF rainfall which ma
ture beforehand had ordained should be
Drecipitated. The size Of continental areas,
the topography Of the land surface, the
proximity of large bodies Of water. and
the direction Of the prevailing winds are
all factors in determining the weather con-
ditions OF a region. and these, OF course,
are not subject TO radical alterations IN
their nature, except perhaps in long ge-
ologic periods. Thus il the Rocky Mount
aims could be lowered to the height OF the
Appalachian chain the vapor-laden winds
from the Pacific would blow inland, and
probably cause copious rainfall as far east
as Colorado. Western Kansas, and West
ern Nebraska
Science owes the discovery OF the ro-
tary motion OF storms and the laws gov
erning their progression to Benjamin
Franklin. whose recognition OF these data
long before anyone had ever seen any
charts seems scarcely less than prophetic.
Franklin's discovery was perhaps OF great
er scientific importance than his act OF
drawing the lightning from the clouds and
identifying it with the electricity OF the
laboratory. yet his contemporaries thought
little of his philosophy of storms, and 1t
was soon forgotten This determining of
the path of storms and their centres is
even now the most valuable feature in the
work of the Weather Bureau.
At the time of the founding of the first
OF the thirteen colonies at jamestown. in
1907. practically nothing was known OF the
properties of the air, or OF methods for
measuring its phenomena. Today, at about
eco hundred stations In America, electri-
cally recording automatic meteorological
instruments measure and transcribe for
each moment OF time the temperature, the
air pressure, the velocity. and direction
of the wind, the beginning Of rainfall. the
amount of precipitation, and the sunshine
or cloud.
scope of the Weather bureau work.
The vast region now included in the
scope of the Weather Bureau system OF
observations embraces Canada and the
The times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1897-1901, 1900-02-25

TO this the two family buildings erected
during DR. Shallenberger's super1nten-
dence are as nearly fireproof as buildings
can be made. while alterations with the
same design have been made in the oder
structures The later erections have been
made to conform in architectural style
with those before existing and the whole
group Occupying as il does a commanding
position upon the SUNNI OF a gently
graded eminence presents a picturesque
appearance from the BladeDsburg read
The foundation has been dug for the cree
ton of a chapel but further appropriations
are needed 10 carry on the work.
The leisure hours Of the pupils are light
ened by reading There is an instructive
library in connection with the main build
inc from when the boys can borrow books.
hui they are not limited 10 the more
weighty branches OF knowledge. Period
icals and magazines are received by the
superintendent from various sources winch
he distributes among the boys.
The schoolrooms are large apartments
comprising the greater portion of the first
floors OF the family buildings and proyid-
ing. as well as the dormitories. room fc:'
fully three times the present number OF
pupils Many OF the most advanced clHss
OF students are recruited from prisoners
captured ID Oklahoma and Indian Terri
ory. They do not as a rule, convey in the
least degree the popular idea OF a bravo.
and. when engaged in coming their books
OF reading aloud, appear particularly peace
able and studious. There is. in common
with all schools, spirit of emulation
manifest and a general desire among the
pupils TO distinguish Themselves. The
The times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1897-1901, 1900-02-25

few hours work Neither will this great
mogul OF the pipes divide your years in
come with the walking delegate who fixes
the price of your deliyeTance.
In othe- words. We will soon be able to
give the plumber what is known in the
street yernacular as the merry ha, ha!"
According to the statement OF a technical
journal a German inventor has produced
a pipe that viii not burst by freezing. The
pipe is designed to prevent bursting by
providing an opportunity for its expan-
sion by cold Into the iron pipe there is
inserted a second narrower pipe of thin
sheet tin or lead, which is filled with an
elastic substance This insertion remains
unaffected by ordinary pressure, but If ex-
IRENE cold should cause the water to
freeze the elastic insertion is compressed
as much as the volume OF water is in
creased by freezing. In thawing the in
sertion expands again to its original cir
conference. and the pipe is uninjured.
With such pipes as these in a house il is
easy TO see that every man could be his
own plumber. and the only tool he would
need Is a kettle of hot water. But such
pipes could not be put in without des-
perate struggle with the National Asso-
citation of Amalgamated Plumber Plumb
ers. The pipes would have to be- sneaked
in at night.
II could hardly be expected that the
plumbers would peacefully submit to an
outrage Of this character that threat
ened TO drive them to work for living.
same as bankers and railway presidents
But once in. man could be master of his
own pipes and give the laugh of defiance
TO the fallen plumber plutocrats.
The times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1897-1901, 1900-02-25

and others who being mentally dull, never
| come TO the front in their studies. Among
| this latter class often boys are found who
are not wanting in habits of industry, who
| secure their promotions for faithful service
! and obedience TO rules, but fail from want
| OF mental capacity to advance with their
| classes in the school This class of pupils
has been more the object Of special atten
| ton. Every individual is personally con-
sidered and his possibilities in every
available line tested. The result of such
| treatment is held in good favor.
Legal holidays are all appropriately OBJ
| served in the Reform School, and the boys
! look forward to these events with no lit
tie interest and expectation.
They NAV not. IL is observed, rev.
| erence the day, nor even fully understand
the occasion for these memorial observ-
ances, but they can tell you If the balls
and bats provided for their fIvorite games
are of the regulation pattern and OF
standard quality. Nor is this kind OF
knowledge regarded by any means de-
spicable. As rule. 1t is considered that
the boy who has physical and mental
ability to succeed on the playground is
seldom found at the foot Of his class In
the schoolroonl.
Another regular occasion Tor rejoicing
in the school is visitors day" upon which
the boys meet their relatives who may
wish 10 see them. This day is set upon
the first Tuesday in each month for the
white boys and the second Tuesday for
the colored. The occasion furnishes a
lively scene in the large hail in the main
building The matrons sit uron an ele-
waited stage, beaming upon the assembled
multitude. who. divided into numerous
little groups. are thoroughly engUossed in
their own affairs. Here party is talking
and laughing in the pleasure OF reunion,
while again poor woman may be seen ex-
horting her sen earnestly to GOV the see Q
of better and more hopeful life. In
the midst Of the apparently general gaiety
Of these meetings is revealed many a sad
story. and the visitor contemplating them
is often filed with pity for the sorrow
OF the parent while he deplores the obdu-
racy Of The child Yet the hope inspired
by the excellent results accomplished by
the Reform School seems always present,
and there are few instances where these
fail in the desired end
The times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1897-1901, 1900-02-25

Gulf of Mexico. tie whole having an area
5000 miles east and west and so fortu-
nately located for the operations of the
the scientist as to include an important are
on the circumpolar thoroughfare of storms
OF the Northern Hemisphere Smultane-
Gus observations are made twice daily
! from the stations. distributed throughout
this great area, and reported by telegraph
at once TO the mair Office IN Washington
This gives the bureau a complete record
of atmospheric conditions ever the entire
country, and calculation determines the
location Of storm centers, the probability
OF cold waves, and OF. fair or unpleasant
weather. Nowhere else in the world can
the meteorologist find such opportunities
for the study of storm and atmospheric
changes. The widely differing elevation
topography. temperature humidity and
aridity OF the gigantic area under observa-
tion offer unequaled conditions for the
study of the phases of storm development
and progression, so far as such can be
profitably studied from the bottom of the
great ocean surrounding the earth.
The great winter storms which originate
south OF the japanese Islands are objects
OF no little observation by the Weather
Bureau. These. after crossing the Pacific
Ocean, successfully surmount the Rocky
Mountains with but little diminution OF
energy. sweep across the Continent with in
creasing force. and within three days pass
ever our Atlantic seaboard, and heard
from occasionally three days later as
boreal ravagers of Northern Europe.
Progressive Value of Forecasts.
Prof. Moore says: In 1870 ana sOr some
years thereafter our forecasts and storm
warnings were looked upon by the press
and the people more as experiments than
as serious statements. The newspapers
especially We're prone to comment faceti-
ously on the forecasts and many We're
clamorous for the abolition OF the service
during the first years Of its existence.
There was some ground for the criticisms
We knew nearly as much about the me-
chanics of storms at that time We do
today. but we had not, by daily watch
ing of the inception. the development and
the progression of storms trained corps
of expert forecasters such as now form a
part OF the staff of the Chief OF the
Weather Bureau. and from which ne him
self was graduated. After time mari
neTs began to note that danger signals
were in the great majority of cases. fol-
lowed by heavy winds. and they reasoned
that il were better to take precaution
against forecast storms that never came
than to be unprepared for those which did
come"
1t is an acknowledged fact by the. Wealth
er Bureau officials themselves that not
withstandng the progress Of meteorolOgi-
cal science during the last hundred years
or so the art of weather forecasting. as it
80 kH1Is,
experimental data. nor is there any indi
cation that the accuracy attained by as
tronomers in predicting al eclipse will
ever be achieved by the Weather Bureau.
The times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1897-1901, 1900-02-25
NATURES WEATHER LAWS
Warm Winters No Indica ion of
Radical Climatic Changes.
No Metc"roloEicnI signs of Altcrn-
lions i'm Atmospheric systems-The
Opinions OF Sagcs Not Rciinbic.
Civilizations Advances Unable to
Upset systems of the Universe.

The records of the Weather Bureau show
that the present winter has been, so far,
rather warmer than the average. We
have had said prominent official of the
Bureau, other winters equally warm, and
the present season in some parts OF the
country has been about normal. The
weather in New England and throughout
the Lake regions has been particularly
mild and pleasant. especially during No
vember. which month usually brings rath-
er severe storms in the Lake neighborhood.
Owing TO the mildness of the weather,
season was not Interrupted as early as
usual. Vessels continued to run during
the whol0of November and the first half
of December without hindrance. a very
unusual condition of affairs. and in mark
ed contrast with the corresponding period
a year ago.
Last winter began with violent storms
In October and November. and the weather
continued stormy during the greater part
of the season. Thus far there have teen
no really severe cold waves, or disastrous
storms along the coast, and few If any
casualties have been reported among the
shipping Along the Pacific Coast there
has been an abundance of rainfall. a con-
di;ion very gratifying to the residents OF
that part Of the country. The last three
years were very dry in this region and
the supply OF water for irrigation and even
domestic purposes had been reduced to a
low ehb. The rainfalls OF the present sea-
son have about replenished the supply.
and the immense agricultural interests of
that part of the country have consequently
benefited greatly"
Only a few years ago the impression
was current that the climate OF the Allan
tic coast was changing, owing to varia-
ton in The direction Of the Gulf Stream
The times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1897-1901, 1900-02-25

dozen boys then devoting themselves to
turning out the simplest kinds CT boxei by
hand The proceeds from the work of this
factory during the last year amounted TO
$3.50. Another most important industrial
feature Of the school is the manual train
ing establishment
DIR. Shallenberger observes in his last
annual report to the board Of trustees in
regard 10 the Industrial opportunities
given to the pupils:
"All have equal opportunities provided
them for a trial in the mechanical shops,
, and their daily occupation is largely de-
termined by the interest they manifest,
whether ii be in domestic, agricultural. or
mechanical labor. To care well for a
horse and TO drive him acceptably TO his
employer is better for the individual boy
than for him to signally fail in any forced
effort he may make TO accomplish impos-
siblities in a higher class OF labor. We
find many. however, who take naturally to
the saw and the plane. who prefer the
square and compass TO either the milk
pail or the hoe. and who are at home in
the shop rather than on farm Hence it
is always safe, when at all possible, to
provide them with employment suited TO
their varied inelinations. This we try to
do. believing it 10 be in their interest and
for their present and future benefit"
The shoe shop which is in reality 4
mandatory OF considerable size. supplies
the entire school with shoes through the
labor of the boys themselves, and the
specimens OF work which il turns out
would do credit to any factory in the
country. OF course, all these industrial
branches of the school are under the
charge of trained artisans, skilled in the
particular branch which they superin-
tend. but the actual work is done by the
pupils.
The family building besides containing
the schoolroom. is the headquarters of the
pupil whore he retires after the days
labor and instruction. and no cleaner or
better-appointed abode can be imagined.
The dormitories are models of neatness
and order. Each pupil is furnished with
a separate iron bsdstead, and the appoint
ments are all under the care of an expert
cnced matron Waterman is stationed
in room surrounded by glass from which
he can overlook the whole sleeping apart
meni. He is further required 10 visit the
different parts of the building every hour
each visit being recorded by means Of
an automatic apparatus located at differ
ent stations.
The institution has suffered considerably
from fire during past years, several of
the outbuilGinSs having been destroyed.
This danger is well guarded against at
present. electric communications exist be-
tween all tine buildings and an alarm can
be rung from any point visited by the
Waterman. An engine and hook and lad
der with hose reel supplied with water
plugs at convenient stations furnish
means OF defense which can be put in
operation in very short time. In addition
The times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1897-1901, 1900-02-25

lFrom The memphis tommtTriaI AppcaLJ
II YOU took 500 bill to the bank and asked
the teller to give YOU 100 dollar bills for it, and
he held out the first Hill, the ground that II
was no dollar, and then counted you out ~
dollar bills for your complete 800, what would
you think ii YOU were told to hanl down the
American fag after you had paid 100000 Oo for
the privilege Of hying it in the Philippines even
admitting that Dom Paul has not granted the
Outlanders full political rights! Of course there
are two sides TO every question. and We reeos.
nize fully the value of English civilization and
the Importance OF British plramouutcy in south
Africa but even il Com Paul does consume two
gallons Of beer day and uses Knife to shower
pie, that docs not prove thar Aguin1ido, ny
starting at the 0-mile post. could have Travelled
several century runs OF 90 miles each. II there is
any flaw in this reasoning should be glad To
have il pointed out, but We are satisfied IN ad-
vance that oug position is simply unIssailable.
The times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1897-1901, 1900-02-25

school does not aim. even in the more ad-
yanced classes. to teach all that is taught
in the District public schools. nor does 1t
ever expect to compete with them even
in the higher branches of purify English
education.
1T is sufficient for our average popuia-
ton" DIR. Shalienberger says. IF we can
give 10 it the benefit of thorough train
ing in such practical lessons as will best
serve TO fit it for a good starting point In
this every day business world. There are
always a number Of very clever boys IN
the school OF this District. but there are
also many others who are here because
they are truants from their home schools.
The times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1897-1901, 1900-02-25

OF s26. eco but are turned into the Treas
ury to the credit of the Government and
the District of Columbia Jointly. The
paper-boA factory is a large aad we l.
equipped mandatory. and supplies many
OF the florists and restaurant; keepers o,
the city with this indispensable adjunct
OF their stock. There are about thirty boys
regularly employed here, aided by the
latest machinery and devices for their
trade. Elaborate specimens OF bandiworK
are turned out by these juvenile workers.
This establishment has been in operation
during ten years. and started. as did all
the industrial branches of the school. in
the most primitive manner. about half a
The times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1897-1901, 1900-02-25
SAVED FROM THE PLUMBER.
New Invention 90 Dust n Desrot
From His Throne
Trom the chicsgo Times TIvsId-)

From the Chicsgo Timcs- TIrrald)
The imperious despot with his soldering
can who takes a first mortgage on our
homes when 4 water pipe bursts is abou
TO be hurled from his place of power. Nc
longer will the timorous householder get
on his knees and implore this lord OF the
lead-ppe cinch to be contented with the
piano and silverware as reward for
The times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1897-1901, 1900-02-25

piclIerel in a pond on his fathers farm
formed by the widening OF the stream tina
flowed through the farm. Milo and his
brother were in the habit of going out al
night and spearing some sood-sized fish
with the aid of a huge light. On this oc-
casion Milo's brother was doing the row
ing. while Milo held the spear and stuck
the fish when he saw them appear al the
head of the boat Suddenly Milo's broth
err stopped rowing and whispered In an
awe-stricken tone TO look ahead Milo
did so and there he saw two piercing black
eyes staring at the boat and its occupants.
Milo was startled He had no idea what
sort CT an animal OF creature it was that
he saw The thing was evidently attracted
by the light and there was no immediate
danger from it. Milo raised his spear ana
asked his brother to row the boat slowly
and carefully along to the place where
the thing was The oarsman did as he was
directed Milo held the spear poised ready
for instant action and waited until he
could get near enough to throw il. He
saw the thing move and his blood almost
froze within him. The oarsman had stop
ned his work. but the boat still continued
he forward motion Frightened nearly
stiff Milo gathered his strength and with
a great effort shot the spear at the huge
object that had now become distinct under
the rays of the light and its outline ap-
reared to be that of a bird. The spear
sped truly and the bird was nailed as it
sought to escape.
The bird fell into the water near tie
stump where il had been sitting. 1t was
gathered in the boat and then il was seen
that the spear had caught the wings. The
extreme prong of the spear on one side
had fastened itself in the feathers of one
wing while the extreme tooth OF the spear
on the other side had caught the other
wing. The spear had been thrown Just
as the wings were raised for flight and
caught them in the manner described. The
bird was taken to the home Of the Bulls
and measured. IL was found to measure
four feet eight inches from the tip OF one
wing to the tip OF the other wing.-New
York sun.
The times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1897-1901, 1900-02-25

Cultivation of Flowers.
The greenhouses, which largely contrib
ute TO the ornamentatIon Of the grounds.
are Of much value and utility TO the insti.
tuition. TO which they yielded an income
during the past year of si7S,2s This sum
is derived from sales to local florists, after
the gardens and beds O. the grounds have
been stocked. The surplus farm products
ere disposed OF in like manner. The great
est profit of the institution. however. is
derived from the paper-bos factory. The
sums obtained from both of these do no,
70 toward the support Of the school. VIII CT
e provided for by an annual app. opristion
The times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1897-1901, 1900-02-25
In THE Field OF REFORM
Practical Work in the District of
Columbia School.

Operations in Extracting Pure Metal
From the Dross of Juvenile De-
prnNfty-E-rcIlcnce OF the Home
Established for Youthful Offenders
of Lnus-PupiIs and Their Lnbors.
Savannah courier. (Savannah, Tenn.) 1885-1979, 1900-12-28
Saw Death Near.


ut often made my heart ache,'
writes i. @. Overstreet of Elgin
Tenn, to hear my wife cough till
it seemed her weak and sore
lungs would collapse. Good
doctors said she was SO far gone
with consumption that no medi.
cine or earthly help could save
her, but a friend recommended
Dr.. Kings New Discovery and
persistent use Of this excellent
medicine saved her life. It's alb.
solutely guaranteed for Coughs,
Colds, Bronchitis, Asthma and all
Throat and Lung diseases. SOC
and 81. 90 at J. X. Barlow.
Savannah courier. (Savannah, Tenn.) 1885-1979, 1900-12-28

half cent in making change
serious matter. There are many
things sold for q cent which
would he sold for a half cent if
such o coin existed. The dollars
would probably take care of
Themselves better if the half
cent was in existence to be TAX
en- care of than they are now
when the cent is the least coin
that can be looked after. To add
the half cent to our coins would
increase the profits Of small deal.
ers, and the possible economies
of that class of people who are
obliged to make small purchases.
AS it Is now either the seller or
purchaser in these SMALL dealings
WHICH by their number are of
great Importance, loses or gains.
To save a cent each day
amounts to three dollars and six.
ty-Gve cents . year and to save
half cent each day effects a
saving Of one.half of the same.
The country should have the
half cent Bankers Magazine.