The Negro world., 1900-04-21
SAND GLASS STILL NEEDED.
r.ea Nowadays In sick Room, Music
Room and Kitchen and on
the Table.

/ EtkfA hh u
measure. There are hour glasses.
three-minute glasses, and so on ana
these several glasses are usedZfor
many different purposes. es.'The hour
glass il mostly used in the sick room
and in the music roo. In the SICK
| room it is used as guide in admin
istering medieine.. With 1t there is no
need of watching the clock, no doubt
about when the last dose was given, or
anything of that sort; but when the
sand in the glass has run out=the
medicine is given and the glass is
turned. and SO on. In the music room
| 1t is used for the convenience ofZthe
teacher. and also for the guidance OF
the pupil. In the first case there is no
oceasionZ consulting watch or
cloek.. The hour glass stands there
on the piano. and it is simply turned
and set going at the beginning of the
lesson. to mark the hour with GER
tainty. 1t is used for pupils to prac-
tice bv. With an hour glass in plain
view. there is no occasion for running
off to see the time, or for turning to
look at ClOEh III tAAN ShiAN
Here. again, started at the beginning
of the lesson. the hour glass marks
the time without any doubt or uncer-
tainty, and though the pupil may be
glad to see the last of the sand run
through. the hour glass is time
keeper that cannot be disputed.
Half-hour glasses are put to the
rrla and fhaCp
and hour glasses as well are occa-
sionally used by teachers in school or
classrooms.
Fifteen-minute glasses are used to
limited extent for medical purposes;
and. marking this division of time, the
sand glass goes into the kitchen as
an aid to exact cooking. There are
also made ten-minute glasses, of
which few are used for medical pur-
poses, and this glass is also used in
the kitchen. There is a five-minute
glass Which is largely a kitchen glass,
used to boil eggs by and for other pur
poses: and the thrce-minute sand
glass is called an egg boiler.
Besides the sand glasses used for
purposes. there are sand glasses used
for scientific and other purposes. A
sand glass is used, for instance, when
the log is cast from a ship; a sand
glass is attached to a machine made
for indicating and registering the We
locity of the wind, this method of
marking off period of time being in
ha, haI
ing a watch would be.
rhe hour glasses and the sand glasses
of the other large sizes. while articles
of regular sale for the purposes for
which they are used, are scarcely ar
ticles of common sale. OF these larger
sizes, there are sold in this country
some thousands annually. OF the
small glasses, such as the egg boilers,
large numbers are sold. The three
minute glasses would be found for sale
in many stores, and at wholesale they
are common articles of sale by the
gross. Of the sand glasses used for
scientific and other purposes, the num-
ber sold is again limited.
Sand glasses are made in this coun-
try, but much the greater number of
those sold here are imported from
Europe. where they are produced in
Germany, France and England. The
sand used in sand glasses is specially
prepared by thorough cleaning, in
cluding boiling; it is baked dry and
perhaps ground into the requisite fine
ness ana uniformity. as sharp sands
would be likely to become wedged in
the opening between the two parts of
the glass. The sand is introduced into
the glass through an opening left for
that purpose in the end of one of the
bulbs, that opening being then sealed.
The right quantity in each sand glass
is secured by the very simple method
of timing the flow from one part of
the glass to the other. In glasses of
the same size the opening between the
two bulbs, as the glasses are produced
by the glass blower, would be approx
imately the same. but it would be prac-
tically impossible to get them abso-
iutely the same, and sands might vary
more or less: SO each glass is filed ac-
cording to its requirement. There is
put into an hour glass, for instance,
through the opening left for that
purpose, sand enough to run through
the opening between the bulbs in that
particular glass one hour, as indi-
Gated by a clock or other timepiece;
and every glass is individually treated.
Hour glasses and sand glasses of
smaller sizes are manufactured in pre-
cisely the same form in which they
have long been familiar to the mind;
il not from actual use, at least from
pictures. as, for instance, the draw
ing of Father Time with his scythe
and hour glass. Many of the smaller
glasses for various uses are now made
with cylindrical metal frames or
holders, having large openings in the
sides through which the glass can
be seen and the run of the sand
noted, this sort of frame or holder
being intended to make the glass less
liable to be broken The glasses of
one size and another are in fact put
up in variety of forms as to STYLE
and finish.
While the sand glass in its various
forms is thus commonly made to serve
some useful purpose. IL is also some.
times used for decorative or orua-
mental purposes. and sometimes the
hour glass is made use of for the pur-
pose of souvenir. A traveller brings
home. for example. some sand from
the Sphinx, or from Palestine. and as