The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1899-01-31
CONSUMPTION IN EUROPE.
4 Resume of the Conditions of Mill
tary Service in the Different COun-

4 Resume of the Conditions of Mill
tary Service in the Different COun-
: tries.
The Westminster Gazette publishes from
a correspondent the following summar-
lied particulars Of the conditions of mill
cary service among European Powers;
In 7rance-In France every man, un>
less physically unfit is liable to service
which begins when he is p and lasts for
twenty-five years These twenty-five years
are usually spent as follows: Ten years
~ The active army-three IN the ranks
ana seven in the reserve; then six years
in the territorial army, and the last nine
in the reserve of the territorial army. The
three years in the ranks of the active army
ere reduced to two or one in the case
OF those recruits who when enlisted draw
the highest numbers, provided that at
the end Of the reduced period they are
thoroughly trained. Moreover. in time OF
peace, those who are officially certified
az being supporters of families and teach
ers or students at certain educational in
stltuuons are granted limited furloughs
Men in the reserve of the active army
have eight weeks of drill, divided into
periods Of four weeks duration, while the
territorial army IS only called out once
for fourteen days. The reserve of the ter
rtorial army, which was formerly exempt
from any annual exercise, is now drilled
in guard duty on property of railroads,
telegraph and telephone lines and canals.
In Russia-The Russian regulation ex-
empt from service the clergy OF all Chris
tag denominations and the psalm readers
of The orthodox church while receiving
their theological education; also, the peo-
pies of certain Asatc districts, together
with the Mahometans, are allowed 10 pay
"A in lion yr, ,,iIsg
very rare cases, where great hardship
would result, is exemption from or post
ponement of active service granted to the
Russian citizen; but the educated classes
may reduce their term OF active service
in the ranks by a period varying from
one to four years, according to the ex-
tent OF their learning, and whether they
ehllsted voluntarily. The term of SER
vice in Russia is from the Dist year to
the end of the 49d Eighteen wears are
passed in the active army-fve in the
ranks and thirteen in the reserve. The
rest of their time is spent in the imperiaI
militia IN the Cossack armies the age
when liability 10 service commences is IL
ana II lasts twenty years. four only of
"hich are spent in the active army. The
Cossack militia, which is only called ont
by imperial order in the case of an extra
Ordinary emergency, consists Of all Cos
to age.
In Germany-In Germany the age for en-
hstment is II, while the Germans military
IRE ends when he Is IS He spends the
Hrst three years in the Ilandstrum. tben
lor seven years he belongs to the standing
army-three in the ranks and four IN the
reserve; during the next five years he
belongs 10 the first levy of the I,andwehr.
While his term with the second levy lasts
uhu March 81 of that year in which he
reaches the age of 81. The rest of his time
ne passes in the Landstrum aforesaid
winch is only for the defense of the conn
Try ana in extraordinary emergencies for
the completion of army or navy The Err
satz reserve is composed of those who
have not been enrolled in the active army.
either because the required number has
been made up, or because of slight bodily
mnrmIty, or on account of domestic re-
lations. The term of service is twelve
years. and during that time the men NAV
be called out three times for period OF
twenty weeks in all At the end of twelve
years they enter either the second levy
of the Landwehr or the first of the Land
strum. Criminals are excluded from the
honor of belonging 10 the army
In Austria Hungary-From 10 to AZ are
the age limits in Austria-Hungary. Ten
years are spent in the army-three wears
In line and seven in reserve. Under SINH
ielA SpiiditfOHS 10 those IN Germany, some
men enter the Ersatz reserve without ser
wing in the active army these also have
ten years to serve. They first receive
eight weeks of training, and are after
wards called out every second or third
year. Those who have served their ten
years in the army have two years to put
in with the Landwehr or the Ersatz re-
serve The Landwehr can only be called
upon when the country is threatened
with war. II is divided into two levies;
the first comprises all those who are La
bic to service between the ages of 10 and
81, and the second levy those from 80 to
AZ.
In Italy-In Italy liability for service
commences when a man is 10, and ends
when he has completed his 39th year
Recruits are divided by lot into three
classes; those in the first class pass either
four or three years of active service, ac-
cording to whether they belong to the cav
airy or TO the other arms. During the
next five years they enjoy an 'indefinite
army furlough," at the end of which time
they join the mobile militia for four years
and the territorial militia for seven. The
men who find themselves in the second
class are liable to twelve years service of
which not more than eight years are spent
on indefinite army furlough" and four in
the mobile militia then until they reach
the age limit of SO they belong to the ter
ritorial militia. In time of peace those
assigned to the third class are exempt
from service. and are enrolled in the ter
ritorial militia.
-Jill-What a satisfaction Il is to have
a friend you can trust!