davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24
LAKE MARINERS BEACON LIGHTs.

meat On the water it is different as
lighthouse-keepers realize before many
winters have been passed in this serv-
ice.
Away up on the south coast Of the
northern peninsula is a point on the
rock coast. Seul Cholx, it Is called, the
name having been given by the French
settlers years ago. On that point Is a
lighthouse with a fixed white light.
which flashes from Manistique on the
west to Squaw Island on the east. 1t
envelOps In its shaft of brilllancy that
other little sand and rock spit which
travels under the singular alias OF
Whisky Island. 1t sheds It's light over
the direct course of vessels making the
dangerous straits east or west bound.
Not far from the stately dwelling
erected for the use Of the keeper and
his family is an old hutch. 1t IS dlsman-
tied. wayerlng In intention and wholly
dissolute. 1t is not a lit habltatlon for
man or beast, according to the lights of
the civilized white man. Yet It was
for years the home of the keeper. Not
that the government houses Its EN-.
ployes in such disreputable homes. Not
mt ALL 1t was the home of the keeper
from choice. It was not even the "only
choiX." as the name of the station
might Indicate, but It was the choice of
Keeper Fountalne. FOuntalne is an In.
dian, and the bright new brick house
erected for his use was too much for his
primitive notions Of comfort.
So for years Fountalne and his sQuaw
and pappooses lived In the little hutch
which has since been turned into q
coalhouse. He built 1t and he loved n
and was loath to give it up even fol
modern convenlences. In fact, too many
modern conveniences almost made tn,
old Indian throw up his job. Now, how
ever, with increasing years and al
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24

admit family, the old man has couclud-
ed TO accept the inevitable and become
civilized.
Away up lying in the gateway be
tween the peninsula which forms the
eastern limits Of Green Bay and Wash
lngton Island is a small island called
Plum. 1t has range light to guide the
mariner in the difficult passage. Light
and fog signals are stationed there in
the Porte des Mort-gate of death. 1t
is well named, for many a ship has
foundered IN the narrow, shoal-lined
passageway. Many deaths have hap
pened there and many more will prob
ably happen in the future in spite of
the precautions taken by the Govern
ment to protect the sailors.
The Code of Signals.
There is a clearly defined code Of sig
nails for the use of all mariners on the
lakes. Every light station has its own
peculiarities, every fog signal has its
own notes. Bell buoys ring out warn
ings at all times and the flicker Of a gas
Jet sends a vessel a couple of points off
a bad shoal. The code is furnished to
all ship masters. and by referring to it
they can identify any station or buoy.
Fixed red or fixed white lights disap-
pearing and reappearing at regular in
tervals Of time, as prescribed by this
code tell the story Of the relative
whereabouts of the ship.
White and red lights are the only
ones used at the stations. Some, like
that on the Chicago pier, revolve with
alternate red and white flashes. Inter-
walls vary even if lights are the same.
Gross Point carries a double fash of
irregular intervals. Calumet pier head
shows a steady red light. Wind Point
has a revolving light and a steady red
showing south to cover Racine harbor.
Every station flashes its signal accord
ing to the cipher fixed for it.
The same rules apply to the fog sig
nails. If steam whistles the blasts are
one. two. three, etc, long or short, al
ternately long and short, with intervals
between blasts fixed by seconds of
time. SO when a ship master sees a
light flashing red across his bows he
counts the time until he is greeted by
another flash. The colors and inter-
va,s tell him which station he is near
ing. If the siren sings a particular
song he knows what direction to take
to avoid impending danger. Thus all
up and down the lake over its hundreds
of miles of navigable waters these sig
nails warn or cheer the men who sail
in ships.
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24
LIGHTS ON THELAKES
THEY FLASH WARNING MES
SAGES TO THE SHIPS.
Seventy Light STATIONS Serve to Gnide
Lake Michigan Mariners Through
Fog and storm How the Lights Arc
Tended-code Of Signals Used.

When the wintry gales howl over the
great lakes and ice foes dash against
shore and about the foundations Of
lighthouses the lot Of the keeper Is not
a happy one When cyclonlc storms
rage Ia spring or autumn, when the in
land seas are dotted with craft, under
press of sail or driven by steam. then
indeed the men who are responsible for
the aids 20 navigation have no time for
Idle dreaming. There was a time when
the settling In of the winter would send
many keepers to winter quarters; when
lights would be put out for the long va
cation decrecd by Jack Frost but in the
ninth distrlct-the one embracing the
LOO miles OF Lake Michigan-that
time has passed.
Six hundred dollars a year is not a
big salary. II seems 20 be still smaller
when one considers the nature Of the
employment, where difficulties and Of
ten dangers imminent and terrifying
surround. NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. on the
sea coast or around the lakes face per-
lis landsmen are unacquainted with.
anu MHltA iuuuauleh tdu Scdlttly dp-
preciate, yet paternal government Is
fully advised" rs they say in court,
that $50 month Is a good salary for
such servants. Cold possible privatlon,
possible loss Of life itself, are no reasons
for increasing the stipend. Men viii
serve for that salary ana the law says
1t Is enough.
OF course. suitable quarters are pro-
vided for the keepers. But OF all hap
penlngs to mortal man Isolation, the
absolute severance Of all communica-
ton with his kind. is the worst punish
mcnt. Isolation for the greater portion
OF the year Is the portion OF HIM who
keeps light. His home may be, nay.
frequently IS, out on some jutting reef,
removed from land by several hundreds
OF yards Of open water. When the
breezes blow too strongly he IS cooped
In his exposed dwelling as effectualIy
as would be the case II old ocean rolled
between him and the shore.
No lake In the great chain has as
many sail on It's bosom as Lake Michi-
gan. None has traffic any larger, If as
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24

large, aud none is traverscd as late in
the winter season. The ninth district
embraces all of Lake Michigan, Green
BAY and tributary waters. The eastern
limit Is a line drawn north and south
just east Of old Point Mackinac light
I'm Michigan This winter lights blazon
the pathways of daring mariners as far
north as the straits, for the station at
Soul CholN pointe has not been closed.
Men viii so down to the sea In ships
even when Ice foes gather on the shoals
and follow the currents in the lakes
These foes may be driven with irreslst-
ihle force inland or out into the open
waters. endaugering the stanchest craft
ever launched. Wrecks lnnumerahle
almost line the treacherous shores Of
Michigan. yet mariners stil cast their
fortunes to the winds without even an
anchor to windward. II they must sail.
then they must have aids to navigation.
Hence it is that the keepers, aboriginal
and Americana strange assemblage
OF terms yet one much affected I'm po-
lite articles are on duty when snow
drifts pile up about their houses and ice
forms a long aud safe bridge 10 the
land. possibly far distant
\ Dangerous ID strict.
There are many lights In the ninth
district No lake In the chain Is so tur-
bulent and so treacherous as Lake
Michigan. Storms which would do but
little damage II their forces We're eX-
pended ON broad Superior or Huron
when sweeping over Michigan lake
cause a wocful disturbance to shipping.
Dangerous reefs abound In the tracks
OF shipping. Shoals protrude their
sllme-covercd noses TO grasp the hulls
OF vessels which deviate from their
courses. Rocky beaches on which gal
liant ships may founder and pound to
bits are thick from one end to the other.
The fate Of the Chlcora, the stanch
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24
Ate During the Naval Fight.


1t seems that Admiral Schley and
Captain Cook sat down to dinner while
the Brooklyn was chasing the unfor-
tunate but gallant Colon. There's
American assurance for you. At the
close of a tremendously important bat
tie, which settled a war and changed
the map of the world, the commanders
on the United States flagship, pursuing
at top speed the last of the enemy,
whose guns still belched defiance, sat
down to dinner, which, no doubt, was
served in style and with strict re-
gard for astronomical etiquette.
Il will have a bit of the tomato SOUP"
remarked the admiral. "Ah, that must
have been a five and one-half-inch
shell, eh, captainY
Sounds like it-pass me the celery"
replies Captain Cook.
With the cheese and black coffee and
cigars the enemy is overhauled and
driven ashore the Spanish sailors dot
ting the sea like drowning rats and the
aged Cervera tearing his beard in the
NSOhJ VI uladstel' men, aIler quar-
fling a chartreuse, the American adj
miral appears on deck and orders all
boats lowered and all efforts made to
save the lives Of the saturated Span
iards.
There ought to be fairly good ma
terial in this incident for a light opera.
There was nothing half so naive or
amusing in "Pnafore. kansas City
Star.
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24

steamer which put out from Milwau-
kee four years ago and has never been
heard from since. has not deferred the
hardy masters and seamen Of Lake
Michigan from hazarding all on the
lake In the dead Of winter. In fact re-
cent years have seen an enOromus in
crease in winter navigation. Where
twenty years ago all vessels would go
into haven early in November and re-
main in shelter until the ice left the 500
In the spring, now many a vessel IS IN
commission twelve months in the year.
The authorities have taken notice OF
the extent Of winter navigation. and in
many an isolated and exposed station
all discretion has been taken from the
llght-keepers. They are under orders
to keep their lights trimmed and burn
ing throughout the entire winter. 9th
ers whose stations are exposed to great
dangers must remain as long as in their
judgment can be done with safety.
Heretofore stations in the northern
third OF the lake have been closed with
the arbitrary close Of navigation as
fixed by the board of marine underwrit-
ers. But now the stations at Plum ISL
and. Pottawattomie, Poverty Island.
Seul Choix Pointe, Beaver Island,
South Fox Island. North Fox Island,
North and South Manltou, Sherwood
Point and Sturgeon Bay have been
added to those open for the entire win
ter. The light ships in the dangerous
straits remain out as long as it is safe,
The following table shows the num-
Der of lighthouses. keepers. assistants,
vessels, for signals. etc, at present es-
tablished in the district:
Masters Of light vessels. ......... 4
Keepers of light stations. .7L
Assistant keepers of light stations. 60
Light stations ......s......... az
Steam fog signals. .................. y
Steam fog sirens. ........-.......... !
FOG bells ....-...........
Light vessels ................... 4
Gas buOys OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
Bell buOys, automatic. .............
Iron can buoys.. ................ IL
Iron nun buoys. ................ Il
Wood spar buoys. .................. "a
The stations on Beaver and South
Fox Islands are well out in the open
lake, miles away from the mainland
exposed to all the rigors of the Storm
est season. They are well up to the
north, and the men who send out the
welcome shafts of light to warn mari
ners are cut Off from their kind much
Of the year. Let navigation cease en-.
tirely, and they would be exposed to
dangers greater than any to be found
on land. no matter how isolated. One
can always walk on land to find bite
to eat, If 1t be nothing more than dog
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24

The actual observance OF Christmas
begins In parts of England on the DIST
OF December. 81. Thomas Day. Many
queer customs there prevail. among
which may be mentioned the practice
OF going a gooding," which exists IN
some parts of Kent, and Is performed
hy women, who present sprlgs of ever
green and Christmas flowers. and beg
for money In return. We believe the
term going TO a goodlng." scarcely
requires Illustration. IL means. simply.
going about to wish good eveu." or
simply good evening"
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24
Crnrinr for stnrch.

A writer in the Woman's Signal
1,ondon says: Il have been credibly
informed that during a holiday at the
coast a servant girl consumed eight
mounds of starch, and she said the
habit was common. She also stated
TINT the craving for starch when ac-
ouired became so strong as to be al
most irresistible. l shoNld be inter-
ested 70 know what starch contains to
oxcite such n craving. The girl refer
to was quite well aware Of the bad
effects of the habit, and yet felt al
most unable to give 1t up.
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24
THE EFFECT OF The ooLoRs.
Mental Elevation or Depression Caused
by = heir Tones.

by heir Tones.
mere are colors that are refreshing
ana broadening, others that absorb
Ilght and give a boxed-up appearance.
70 room, others that make a room
Win bleak northern exposure or with
no exposure at all appear bright and
cneerlul; some that make a room ap
pear warm some that make 1t cold.
II ceiling Is to be made higher leave
II hght that it may appear to recede.
deepening the color used on the cell
ing would make It lower-an effect de.
slraDle If the room is small and thu
ceilng very high. Various tones of vel
low are substitutes for sunlight.
Inc thermometer seems to fall six de
grees when you walk into a blue room
Yellow is an advancing color; there
lore room fitted up in yellow will ap-
pear smaller than it is. On the other
hand, blue Of a certain shade lntroduc-
ed generously into a room will give an
idea of space. Red makes no difference
IN regard to size. Green makes very lit
tie.
II bright sunny room gets its light
from a space obtruded upon by russell
colored or yellow-painted houses, or
else looks out upon stretch of green
grass, it should be decorated in color
very different from the shade chosen
II the light shade comes from only an
unbroken expanse Of sky.
If olive or red brown be used in con-
junction with mahogany furniture, the
result is very different from what it
would be if blue were used. Blue
would develop the tawny orange Turk
Ing in the mahogany.
Red brings out in a room whatever
hint Of green turks in the composition
Of the other colors employed.
Green needs sunlight to develop the
yellow in it, and makes it seem cheer
full.
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24

In 1904, by act of Congress, Hon. Car
roll ID. Wright. the able Commissioner
OF the United States Bureau OF Labor,
was directed to investigate all ques-
tons relating to the effect OF machln-
cry upon work and labor His report
recently published, has attracted wide
attention. and is likely to be appealed
to as an authority. 1t had long been
known that the introduction Of ma
chnery lessons the cost of production.
and thus lowers the price of manufac-
turcd articles; but a ripple Of pleased
surprise runs through the land when
the evidence Of facts and figures seems
TO demonstrate that the use of machin-
cry also increases the demand for labor
by creating new Industries, and raises
the rate of wages. while reducing the
hours of toll and lessenlng much OF It's
severity. The use of machinery favors
oyerprOducton; but this evil Is general
ly shortllved and self-corrective. 1t
rarely affects many lines OF business at
once There are Irregularities in shop
and market from other causes; but TAX
Ing n long and broad view. It must be
said that the comfort and welfare Of
our modern populations have found a
powerful auxiliary In the Harvesting
OF natural forces to mechanism. 1t is
true that the first effect of labor-sav-
Ing invention is hardship through dis
placement Of labor. But then follows
a readjusmcnt under new conditions.
1t soon appears that new occupations
are brought to light. These call for
new hands. Some necessity OF life has
been cheapened by the new Invention
and IS better distributed, and labor has
found employment In the new condi-
ton OF Industry. The Introduction and
development Of railroads Is an obvious
illustration. All the earlier methods
of transporting freight ana passengers
seemed mt first driven to the wall. Soon
II was found that the construction,
equipment and operation of the new
iron roads gave employment to vastly
larger armies Of workmen than the old
method Of transportation. 1t then be-
came possible to carry ton Of coal a
mile for a cent. and the surplus bread
stuns and products of States far inland
were laid down In seaboard cities and
factory villages az a nominal cost. and
the demand for teams, TO redlstribute
goods ana to take passengers to and
from the stations soon sllenced the
complaints Of horse breeders and
whcelwrlghts. In turn, the output of
multiplied factories. whose raw mate
rial now came within easy reach. was
supplied with ready facility to the com
fort and advantage Of pioneer popula-
tions beyond the lakes and the Missis-
sippl. The researches conducted by
Col. Wright are given I'm tables cover.
ing nearly seven hundred articles. and
contrast the results ana cost of hand.
labor ana machlne-work. They furnish
valuable contribution to popular edu.
cation along the line of Industrial eco.
Monies and general progress
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24

business VIII pay unless conducted upon
correct principles. But IL depends large
ly upon the farmer II he is made Of the
right kind of stuff and has a level head,
he VIII make farming pay. The TWEEN
ticth century farmer should be unlike
those who have pegged away on the
same plans since Columbus discovered
America. He should be properly bal
anced as TO brain ana muscle. and
should use the former fully as much
rs the latter. Farmers who are max
Ing their business pay are built this
way. No farmer of sound mind and
unlmpalred health should fail at farm
ing tor IT. more than any other occu-
patton, IS suggestive OF It's own re-
qurements preceding success.
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24

The following extract Is from n let
ter written by Boston man to a friend
abroad nj the close OF the civil war. It
is not only interesting It Itself but 10
makes us realize that the young recruits
Of one war may easily be the veteran
commanders Of another: "There have
been many cases of promotion for
merit which put people IN different po-
sltlons from any they ever occupied be-
fore. For instance, nearly opposite the
anti-slavery office on Washington
street Is COllamore's glass; and crock
cry shop. Behind the counter Of that
shop, four ysirs ago last spring stood
a young clerk named Miles. He en-
listed went out as q second lieutenant,
rose rapidly by merit, in two years
time commanded division, and In
three a corps d'armic, and is now Maj.
Gen. Miles, I'm command Of Fortress
Monroe aud In charge of JEFF Davis!
Now you viii see that II would be hard
for Gen. Miles to 90 back behind Col
lamore's counter. Gen. Miles,
/ should say, IL but six and twenty
now"
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24

The salt mines Of Wiellezka. near
Cracow' Poland, were mentioned in
Iu44' and have been worked since 1910.
me hrst map Of the mines was made in
loSS by Martin German. a Swedish
mine surveyor. The eight shafts now
IN existence are from POI TO 9s5 feet
deep and the length Of the levels now
open Is $4,000 feet with 115.5OO feet
OF underground tram lines.
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24

An English traveller in Spain writes
10 a London newspaper that he found
no uufrondly feeling toward Amerl-
cans among the people The returned
soldiers have given favorable accounts
OF their late foes. and the writer de-
clares that Americans, for whom the
Spanlards seem 10 have real liking,
would be well received everywhere IN
Spain. The people feel sense OF relief
because OF the end of the war ana their
release from the burdens of an unruly
colonial empire. The politicians and
newspapers OF Spain would represent
public opinion better II there were less
illlteracy. They would be compelled
TO.
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24

Reports have been published OF ex-
perments with the Camel qulck.nrng
Held gun, which Is to be- the new wea-
pom OF the French artillery and concern
ing which until quite recently the great
est secrecy was maintained. Judging
from these reports the effectiveness OF
the gun must be truly wonderful. Tween
ty-two shots per minute were fired at
one official trial, and two hundred dunn
my soldiers placed at a distance of two
aud one half miles 10y way of target
We're hOwled down in one minute and
three-quariers. simultaneously ord
nance officers In England. putting a
new field piece made for the British
army through a test, We're delighted 10y
the almost Incredible accuracy OF the
weapon. First a shot was fred with
out particular aim. and a telescope. hav-
ing been focused on the point OF impact
OF the shell. was fixed In that position.
Each succeeding she'll fired from the
gun-and there were many-explodcl
within the field Of the object glass of
the telescope. Such are the pleasant
diversions OF nations which have OIL
cially accepted invitations to the Cars
peace congress-and the most advanc-
ed nations at that
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24

This custom ON the death OF a dis
tngulshed person arose out of the pass.
ing hel formerly tolled I'm the parish
church the moment any member OF the
congregation passed away. TO invite the
prayers OF all the other parishloners
for the repose of his soul. and also TO
drive away wicked spirits. who could
not bear 10 hear the sound.
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24
49, Rnrns the Most CoaI2

The consumption Of coal per head Of
nonrlation is lowest in Austria. where
II is only one-sixth ton per annum, and
b,cbast in Great Britain, where each
Dorson averages three and three-tenths
IONS each year. In the United States
tbe average is two and one-fourth tons
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24

A visitor from another planet, whcre
parties and elections are unknown.
might naturally ask on the dry after an
American election. where are the OK
cited, applaudng denouuclng citizens
/ saw in vast crowds during the week
before the polls opeued?' The quiet ac-
ceptance OF fairly wrought defeat, the
return to ordinary rounds of duty, n
whole nation stirred and then calm all
this might seem ineXplicable. The
story Is told IN word: the republic has
cherished the principle that the hon
estly ascertained win OF the majority
shall prevail.
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24
C.a-Ivari for the Rabsits.

English farmers who know It is
ogo,nst the law 10 use ferrets to drive
oTt rabbits. place in the burrow a rub
her hose with tin horn on the end in
serted They they blow the horn and
bunny comes out in quick order.
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24

why should trades unions flourish
better IN Great Britain than Ia this
country? No less than 1880 different
bodies exist IN that country, with 49,
S07 branches. Is It because they are
more given to learning trades In the
older countrlcs2
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24

The onslaught upon the cigarette is
telling little. There were 3360O0,0OO
less OF them made by the manufacto-
rles last year than In the preceding
year. There might wen be a stlll fur
thor reduction.
The Emmett index. [volume] (Emmett, Idaho) 1893-1925, 1899-02-24

There Is sull demand for about
25,OOOOOO paper collars in the United
States each year The paper collar Is
the connecting link between collarless
barbarlsm aud dccenly attred civlll-
cation.