davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14
Electric Railway Project.

SPECIAL 20 ih- F1ei
Cumberland. Md. Feb s.-Projectors. ~
the electric line. 10 BE- built from C,,rn-
Derland 10 NesteTnpOrt thirty miles.
elected general officers to-day. Naterials
have been purchased and work will begin
upon the advent OF faVOrabl weather
Isaac A Walker < Son, Philadelphia
contractors, who control four lines row,
In operation, have the controlling inter
est The line Will b. completed BY Se1-
TENDER !, and viii cost over S5g-t 90
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14
Married at Midnight

specs 81 10 TIE ] 81
Luray. Va, Feb. s.-A midnight mar
riage was s6lemnized Tuesday at the
home OF Mr. William II. Warner. on the
Hawksbill. when Miss Bessie. his daueh-
ter. became the bride Of Mr. Charles y .
Splitter. a prominent young farmer OF
Page County. the ceremony being per
formed by Elder ID y. Splitter, an uacle
OF the groom
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14
Early Wording Fire ia Lysebsarx.

5l@EIsI =" ] p FlFT-
Lynchburs. Va. FEB Sire early this
morning practically destroyed the building
on Twelfth street occupied BY the Nartha
Washington Candy Works and T.. r. VIII
laIns' feed store There Is a Joss OF sew
eral thousand dollars on me building
which belonged 20 the james A. Ford e.
tate. Il - believed 20 D. covered BY In
surancs- The loss OF The candy WORKS is
estimated AZ 300 partly covered by in
slrsnce. WILLIAMS lose on stoek vas
apo4t tEe. 10 insurance.
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14
HysttsvIIIs Man severely Frozen.

- sal O. m F1ef.
Laurel Nd. FEB. y Gus Tucker, o.
HyAttsyiile, who has zen employed a. a
lineman In Baltimore, set out from that
city on Friday afternoon 10 Walk home
on The BaltimoFe and Washington tugll-
pike When Tucker reached SIR. william
Cadls's house. between Laurel and saw
ass. he Wa overcome with cold amt
sought shelter there fuckers feet were
frozen. II !. thought mat his Injuries
may prove fatal
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14
Recruiting tor Regular Army.

Special 70 The Posi-.
Fredericksburg, Va, Feb. 13.-Lieut. c
p. Faulkner. of Battery c. Fourth Ar
tillery, L. :. A, son Of Senator Charles
J. Faulkner, OF West Virginia, will open
IA recruiting Office here this week for en-
listing both white and color-i recruits
for the regular army. From here he viii
10 Ia Richmond. thence to Norfolk. and
conclude his work in this State AT Hamp-
ton.
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14
Old Harrison burg Resident Dead.

taI O TT FO.I.
Harrisonburg, Va, Feb. s.-Abner
Shacklett one Of Harrisonburgs Oldest
residents, died this morning. The cause
OF MS death was heart trouble, but his
death was FASTENED by grippe He was
q hatlve OF Fauquier County, but moved
mere when a young man ard went In the
hardware business, in which he Remained
dntll last year, when he retired He-wse
eAShty-tWo years old last week.
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14
Celebrated DIR. Roass' Birthday.

special 70 TIE Pot
ChariestoWn. W Va, Feb. l2-The In
dependent Steam Fire Company, OF this
city. celebrated the siXty-thlrd anniyAr-
gary OF the birthday Of Charles Rroasv,.y.
ROuss yesterday By pzradinz the street,
tolling he fire bells sixty-three times, ana
holding Hass-meeting In the court
house, "a which an address was made by
Hon Willis n Il Trsvers, setting forth
the EumerCs,s bsnefaeJiOns OF Mr. Eouss
10 the fire department OF this city.
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14
Norfolk aHd Western Trains stopped.
Special - The Pest

fp~ 81 . u ffet
BerTyville, Va, Feb. l3.-The ground is
now covered with snow 10 the depth Of
three feet being The deepest fall OF snow
since lkso-Sl, when fOrty-twO inches fell
A high wind is blowing and forming drifts
seven L. eight feet deep, making travel
impossible over the roads that Lead to
PerryNilie Business here was practically
suspended to-day. and no services we're
held in the churches YESTERDAY Trains
running oHex lAs Norfolk and Western
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14
Many Cattle Reported Frozen.

special - The Iuft.
Lexington. Va. Feb. I3-The worst
storm and blizzard Tor years has been
raging here for The past rifty-feur hours.
All roads are blocked with heavy drifts
Trains over this end Of the Baltimore ard
Ohio Railroad have been discontinued No
mails were received to-day. The snow Is
twenty inches deep on tns level Stock
men report the freezing OF many cattle.
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14
WORST FOR FORTY YEARS.
Warrenton Has Seen No storm Like This
Since 1856.

Warrenton, Va, Feb. l3.-The most fu-
rious snow and wind-storm experienced
here since 1856 has ragged to-day II mas
showed continuously since p m Saur-
day. and the snow Is now forty inches
deep on a level. and IL is still showing.
Drifts fifteen feet deep are in every direc-
:ion. The thermometer is at Zero. AL
traffic is suspended.
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14

hunt. was killed as a result of the care
less handling Of his gun. He was pushing
the piece through a fence when the nam
me- was struck by some object discharg-
ing the weapon within a foot Of his
breast the whole load entering his richt
breast INJECTING an awful Wouai. from
which he died in an hour
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14
One Death from Smallpox.

special "a TIE TCst
Newport News Va. Feb B--The first
death from smallpox since the disease
broke out here several weeks ago occurred
al the pest-house to-day The victim was
a negro. The disease Is ei very mild
form.
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14
suillvan-Baa.hs Wedding at salem.


salem, Va. Feb. IA very pretty mar
rage WIS celebrated acre yesterday when
Miss Marie BOsthe. laughter OF Capt. p.
B. Boothe. vas united 10 Mr.. VI. A salH-
van. Of WilLmantic. Conn. The ceremony.
performed b. Rev. FuErasn II. Martin, Of
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14
KILLED By aIaIi.

SO "a y TIE Pc.
Bys,tsyille. IA. Feb. i2.-whne re.
turning from school one GAY l.st week
Alfred. the ten-year-old son of Dr ana
M. Griffith. Of Upper Marlboro. iell
from bis horse, striking on ms mead M.
died On Thursday as a result OF Injuries
sustained
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14
IN The OLD DOMINION
Sale OF POwhatan Gold Mines
Confirmed by Court.
WEARY LITIGATION ENDS At LAST

LUIS Moran OF baltimore. on Behalf of
His Fathers Family, Makes Claim ON
state for One-fourth of Amount of Direct
Tax Refunded by Ceusress-Young Busi-
ness College student in Richmond Ar
rested on the Charge OF Larceny.
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14
oIhanr,In,st.I N.h,,.L.

Lincoln, N@b., FEB. I3-Ther@ vas an
unusually large number % a6sentees Wh-s
the twenty -seoond bslio, for Senator v -
taken The only change was tas sasl.a..
OF one vale fs. Peer JanEea
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14
IS SEVERE IN VIRGINIA
Worst Storm Since Memorable
Winter Of 1851.
RlILWAYTRAYEL ADLYINPEDED

Tew Trzirs Able to Move During the Last
Iwu Day.. Though Strenuous Efforts
Wee Made t. Keep the Tracks Clear
several stalled at NarioUs Points-Gen-
sr4I Complaint of scarcity Of Fuel
Attempts to Relieve Suffering.
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14

Railroad are stopped. Train No. 8. going
north, u held here. while train No. ..
going south, is held at Rippon. a few
miles below here, by the drifts that block
the track
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14
KILLED While Returning from /. Hunt.

srecial 70 TIE Pat
Charlottesville. Va. Feb. s.-GeoEge
Burgess while returning this morning
with his father ana another man from /.
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14

the Baptist Church. was witnessed by
only a few Of the friends and relatives OF
the bride. The young couple left on the
noon train to-day for their future home in
WiIIimautic
The Washington weekly post. (Washington, D.C.) 1878-1916, 1899-02-14

2. To- To POI
60, '-ti.. h'olrg. Va, Feb. 18.-The storm
n 60 Win undated fury, the wind
-L-S gale. an! snow er.fS are
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1899-03-05

ing in the village choir. as the poet Longfellow
has it.
The preacher said many things. some sharp
and some not so sharp. but what struck me was
whore he said the savage needed a mirror-that
the savage had no mirror. and if he had a mir
rOr he would be more clearly.
THAT set me to thinking Of what had seen
Of our American saYage-our Indians l have
been among the Umatias. Nez Perces. Snakes
and Blackfeet and, while they did not have
full-length mirrors in their wickcups, fully two
thirds Of the warriors had hand-mirr0rs tied
onto the horns OF their saddles by buckskin
strings. and they used them continuously.
80 ! judge that my friend the parsOn has
only a superficial knowledge OF our Northwest
EN- saVageS.
Twenty years ago ! was sitting around a
campfire with Lieutenant Farrows's indian
scouts in the wild Salmon River mountains,
where bears abound and ii SHOWS in August
and one Of our Indians. a NeZ Perez named
Charpclow told a thrilling tale handed down
by his father. The latter had gone across the
Rocky Mountains with war party Of ten men
TO steal horses from the Crow Indians. They
travelled by night and hid themselves by day.
one day they were in fancied security in some
thick timber. and most Of them were sleeping.
Charpelow's father walked down 10 the creek
and took a bath. used the sun for a crash
towel. and was very busy primpnG and braid
ing his hair and gazing at himself in his hand
mirror. when crash, baugi came the report OF
rifles. and yelling and whOoping and great tur-
mOil
He escaped afoot and at night sneaked back
20 the camp and found that every one or ms
companions had been killed The Crows had
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1899-03-05

=, the floor and stamping on H.
ewing 1u 1f walked out of the courtroom
after saSd quite sk om rSo, At the MAN mlnST in
fsW days ".'>' knew why. although | was
street, y doorway directly opposite ana
a,iins, J, me shoouns slade was not arrested
= that act. ororward. however. he went
short u'. nm his gang probably fifteen or
y 'a II thcm-and told bartender Johnny my
nv Nssouran to s set Sm up wi IL p 5sy
rFd q. y GO, ready" Woods told him he
~ when ! 9,fis as IL was against orders.
sd Mod nJi gC out his revolver shot Woods dead
;lis p p,,ed out Of the saloon.
WAN s W. 9 sG. ana s sisi n i2%" rasy
-if,he1 " ~ two or three blocks 10 the place
,i'chesa n was to be hanged and in all my lfe
rssre he t SrS a man beg as he did. When
% san ss 5'a9 allow f a@ TO TO isf dn si
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1899-03-05
THE EUROPEAN BISON.
A HERD IN IITHUANIA THE LAST REMAINING
REPRESENTATIVES, OF THE SPECIES
From The London Standard.

From The London Standard
At the scientific meeting OF the Geological So
ciety the secretary. +. l.. Sclater' +. H. .
read on behalf Of T.. North Buxton, +. Il. -
a very Interesting account % visit ~ the au-
funn Of 1898 to the imperial forest OF Bielo-
vege in I.ithuaaia, the last remaining rclusc'
with the exception Of the Kuban district IN tle
Western Caucasus, Of the European plsVn ni,
Buxton was assigned quarters IT. the bulluHs
In which the imperial guests are enter t'liIeu'
and had The advantage OF visiting the uls,Ilcu
under the guidance Of the chlef forester. ny
forest occupies a country which IS almost Gcau
fat and is intersected by few streams Win
the exception OF some meadows ana cIearahCcs
there are no open spots. so that, thouEn 't a..
timber is very fine. the forest is wanting IN
variety All Windfalls are removed, ana inns -
a most short-sighted policy, because ho.hI'b 90
assists the warmth shelter and sense OF scCut-
ity Of a forest for wild animals as laleh I'm,
Der through the branches OF when d lahsie vi
wild growth quickly penerates ana IoIIhs
natural screen. The artificial erect Is 1urthel
increased by immense number OF grass IIues,
cut in perfectly straight lines. ana lnterstctIns
at right angles, so to divide the forest mo
squares Of four kilometres, In order 10 lachi'a'e
the driving OF game .,..a .ho
number of bison about 700. and there are as
many elk which frequent the wettest pdlt f
MIR Buxton could not fad any satisfactory OASIS
for this estimate and from the tracks Whlch he
saw was inclined to doubt it. Herr Buchher
has said that in 1876 the bison herd numbered
nearly ! 900 and attributed the olmlhuuoh ~
IN breeding. but, II MT. NtNtih > N9N''''- a. -
ali annroaohed the in breeding cannot be very
close as the beasts range over an area OF ooO
square miles $780,. - To-
centuries confined to the kings OF Poland, ana
the penalty for poaching therein was deatn'
The game laws are still very severe anu loHl
teen men have been transported 10 Slpcrla 4ur
noaching within the last three years But IN
The oDinon of the chief forester, these were I'M
pelled by passion for the chase rather IMAM
hone OF gain. for it was impossible for them 10
remove so large an animal without detection
Round the chief fOrester's house Is an inclosed
area Of several miles Here are about thrty
hison. and from constant feeding they have be-
come fairly tame so that by walking carriage
MI Buxton was able to secure some fair pho
tographs. ,. iii .
hunting party. and the bag was 40 bison 40
elk 20 stays, rs roe deer, seven fallow deer anu
% wild boars- -. -,
There are two very fine specimens OF the Eu-
ropean bison IN the Natural History Museum
which were obtained in the Caucasus by MT.
| IJttledale IN 1891 The European bison Is close
ly allied to the American species, but surpaSSes
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1899-03-05
THE DWARFS OF THE CAMEROON3-
From The Birmingham Post

From The Birmingham Post
Although reports OF race OF small stature n
tho interior OF the Cameroons have been cur
rent for some years, no traveller had until last
year been able to verify the rumor by MS own
observation. Quoting from the Allgeineihe
Wissenechaftliche Bcrichte,' the peutsche
Ruudschau' announces that the first accurate
information respecting such race was oo-
tanned last year by the Bulu expedition OF tne
German military force Seven individuals OF tne
pygrny tribe were. after much difficulty, brousnt
TO the camp through the instrumentaHty OF
native chief Seine Of them showed traces OF
admixture with other tribes, but one woman
who seemed to possess the typical characteristics
Of the race was carefully measured, and had
\ height OF almost exactly feet. The color
was a chocolate brown to coppertsh, the PAINS
OF the hands alone being Of yellowlsh white
The hair was deep black. thick, and trlZzlea;
the skull broad and high; the lips fun ana
swollen The mode Of life seems TO resemDe
that OF other pygmy tribes, as they are very
shy wandering about from place 10 place. ana
avoiding freGucntcd routes Ihey are shlIed
hunters and collect much rubber, but dispose
~ II TO other tribes for transport TO the COAST
Professor VirchoH, speaking OF these people De>
fore the Berlin Anthropological Society IN no,
vcmber last said that apart from their srnan
eize they possess all the characteristics OF true
negroes especially in their hair; ana that, Ky
the other pygmy tribes, they must be regarded
as the remains OF a primitive population from
which the various negro tribes have been Do
rived.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1899-03-05

!. .o,la see his wife. lie said that runner
- rcra for hey and she would he there IN
.so-, time The men We're MEMORABLE put
Ssss kent on begging until the trap was
sr-1ng He Rad Jules's ears in his pocket Wnen
1s died although the hanging occurred -FOUR
~ss-s after that incident Il was proDaDly an
bonr after Slade was Gu, down That his "he
s-ryed. friend told me DE heard her say
~ had got here early enough he would never
nave been hanged ! would have shot MN
down first" Ny friend told me that she looked
As though she meant what She SAID.
SHERIFF AS a ROAD AGENT.
After this occurrence this vigilance commit
too began investigating 20 find who was at
the head Of the road agents. About this time
q Young German was working f0T mine owner
Just above Virginia Cry. This mine owner
had some mules on q ranch sixty miles below
Virginia city on Alder Greek He gave the
German $50 in gold Dust 20 pay the ranch BIZ
and started hin after the mules He expected
The German 10 return the same night but they
waited until the third day afterNaTd. and stlll
I'D no news from HIM. The mine owner got
uneasy ard he and two or three OF lis friends
va-tet for tn ranch 10 see what they could
IAN Of the German. The men at the ranch
I'D they had not seen him
There was q nan at this ranch whose name
rs Texas" J never knew him by any other
rms; as q matter - fact, however, this man
Texas owned The ranch. While going over
Il fan2h with Texas" to look at the mules
1sy came across the dead body Of the German.
- ssarchers hurried back 20 Virginia City 10
niNi the matter % the vigilance committee.
think there were twenty-five Of the committee
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1899-03-05

taken their horses and most Of their camp
euuipage, but had left the saddles But they
had taken from the horn Of every saddle the
highly priced hand-7nlrror: The sole s urVIvos
among the enemy for a week before he had
chance to steal horse. Having lost his gun
at the camp he did not feast on buftalo or pea
meat on the back track. but the timber was
fun OF foolhens, which he knocked down WIZ
rocks. and the sorrow his home coming brougn.
To the Nez Perez nation nearly knocked ooSH
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1899-03-05

So, went down 70 the ranch. and they ar
49,. Texas" and a man OF the name OF
s on the ives was rom So1th Ga Ives 1ce9e
ny men found on the ranch at that time.
Ls turned States evidence and said that
10 -Ao Killed the German, but that he did
iss T .oS OF 1t until after the deed was done
FAsr % given one day to prepare for death
bad ~ .. ~, me scafold he named the men at the
EO,y. S Sls gang Of road agents. BE said that
summer. who was acting as sherif o.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1899-03-05

the Territory. organized the gang and was the
leader.
George Ives was hanged in the afternoon. and
at once about twenty-five men started 10 Ban
mock to arrest the sheriff. They got him and
two MeXicans. brought them to Virginia City
and hanged them. This vigilance committee
on its return from Bannock ran across one man
who had escaped them at the time OF the raid
the sheriff and his gang. This mans feet
were frozen and he could not walk They saved
him the trouble Of walking further by hang
ing him.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1899-03-05

the relatives Of the men who had sacrificed their
lives in honest endeavor TO increase the
horse herds OF the tribe
But as to the savage having mirrors. why.
my boy. l suppose the Yankee factories OF Con-
necticut worked many nights overtime years
ago turning out mirrors that went through the
hands Of Indian traders and into the hands OF
our Indian savages They have mirrors
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1899-03-05

II In size few specimens have been exhibited
In the Geological Gardens; the first a young
male and female, were presented by the EN-
peror Of Russia in 1917, and the last was re-
ceived In 1889
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1899-03-05
INDIANS AND THEIR MIRRORS.

POSSESSION OF THESE ARTICLES HAS NOT
WORKED REFORMS.
From The Portland Oregonian.
II went TO church the other night" said the
oldtimer. and | heard the parson pray and
preach If l didn't hear daughters voice sing
The Yale expositor., 1899-01-20
MICHIGAN NEWS SUMMARY.
Doings of the Week Recorded in a
; Brief Style.
CONCISE AND INTERESTING,
The Decreased Vote for Governor Causes
Re-Apportionment of Delegates for
Each County-Tho Beet Sugar Bounty
Question-Other Items.

Delegates AppOrtioned TO Each County
Secretary Sherman, of the Republl-
can state central committee, has made
a table showing the number of dele
gates to which each county will be en-
titled in the state convention next
spring. On account of the decreased
vote for governor the number of dele
gates will be diminished from 1,l0l to
s33. The representation of the several
counties will be as follows:
Altoona, 2; Aigcr. .; Allegan 70; Alpena. 6;
Antrim, 4: Arcnac, 3; Baraga, |; Barry II Bay.
10; BenZie. g. Bcrrien, 81: Branch, IL; Calhoun.
20; Cass, IL: CharevoiX 3: Cheboygan, 3; Chip
pewa, 3; Clare, 3; Clinton. T.; Crawford, 1;
Delta, a.: Eaton. IS: Emmett, s.: Genesee. 10:
Gladwin. 2: Gogebic. o; Grand Travers, 81 Ora
tiot, IL; HlllSdale. 10: Houghton, II; Huron. 10;
Ingham 10; Ionia II; IoSco. 3; Iron, 2: Isabella,
8; jackson, 2i Kalamazoo. IS; KallSaska, q;
Kent, Il: Keweenaw |. Lake, 2: Lapeer, 10;
Leelanau. 2: Benawee. 3d. Livingston. IL d. Luce,
/; Mackinac. 2; Maoomb. "a: Manistee, o; Mar
quette, 10; Mason, 6: MecoSta, o; Menominee, o.;
Midland. 3: MisSaukee, 3; Monroe, 49, Mont
calm, IL: Montmorency. l. MuSkegon, IL; Ne
waygo, z; Oakland, 20; Oceana z; ogemaw, 3;
Ontonagon. 9; OSccola, 3, OSooda. 1; Otsego, 81;
Ottawa, 49, PreSque Isle, 2; Roscommon, l.;
Saginaw, %; Sanilac. 10: Schoolcraft. 2; Shia-
wassee, l5 st. Clair. 20; St Joseph, 10; Tuscola,
Is; Van Buren,, II: Washtenaw, 10; Wayne, o.;
Wexford, 8; Dickinson. 3.
The Yale expositor., 1899-01-20
orATE LEGISLATURE.

Rep Chamberlain, who is one of the
special committee on the Atkinson bill,
introduced resolution providing that
this committee should investigate the
subject of taxation, report on the value
Of railroad property, the amount of
taxes they pay under the present sys-
TENS in vogue in other states. After
Chamberla.n lad concluded his remarks
supporting the resolution, Mr.. Chcevcr
promptly moved that the resolution be
tabled, which was carried by a vote of
so TO 36.
The Democratic members of both
houses held joint caucus for the pur-
pose of defining policy and to deter
mine what action will be taken on diff
ferent measures. Senators Ward and
Pcrren were the only absentees, and
representative Scully was chosen
chairman. The most important action
taken was the decision to stand as a
anti on all measures where it is con-
sistent to do so.
One of the biggest fights coming will
be over that tabled motion of Rep.
Colbys regarding consideration OF the
adoption of the rules of the last house.
Rule So requires a two-thirds vote of
the members present to amend bills or
Joint resolutions which have been con-
idered in committee of the whole.
The first bill passed by this house
was introduced by Rep. Award. 1t
was to legalize the assessment roll of
Po!kton, Ottawa county. The roll was
burned with other records. The law
does not permit second roll, and it
took special act TO legalize. The bill
was given immediate effect.
The attempt to refer the Atkinson
bill TO the railroad committee was lost
by the close vote of 43 to 43.
The bill on reference to special com
nittee to be named by he speaker was
won by vote of 20 to ..