davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Omaha daily bee., 1899-11-26
Nebraska Telephone
Company improvements

During the present year the Nebraska
Telephone company has built nearly one
thousand miles of new pole lines for toll line
purposes. 1t has built lines from Genoa to
Albion and from Grand Island to St. Paul,
Scotia, North Loup and Ord; and from Kear-
ney to Elm Creek Overton and Lexington;
and from Grand Island to Hastings; and
from Juniata to Kenesaw, Roseland, Minden,
Keene, Hodrege, LoCmis Bertrand, oxford
Arapahce, Beaver City, Cambridge, Indian
ola, Red Willow and McCo k; and from Ed
gar to Nelson and superior; and from Fair
bury to Hubbel, Chester, Superior, Guide
RCck Red Cloud, Bloomington, Alma, Or
leans and Mascot; and from Pawnee City to
Burchard, Steinauer, Liberty and Wymore;
and from Pickrel to DEWITT; and from
Cortland to Firth and Adams; and from
Lincoln to Raymond and Valparaiso; and
from Union to Avcca, Weeping Water,
Wabash, Murdoch and Elmwood; and from
Omaha daily bee., 1899-11-26

thick as they should have been On land
in which the surface is sand the seed may be
put in with press drill without plowing,
the bunch-grass common to such lands serv-
ing to keep the seed from being blown out by
the wind. In large areas of the sandhill
country this plan is the best one to follow.
1t may be sown any time after spring and
Will be made before frCst comes to insure its
life till the following spring. The favorite
time for sowing is in July or August. One
advantage of this is that on lands suitable
for small grain crop may be harvested
before sowing to alfalfa, thus avoiding the
loss Of use for year. 1t is essential that
the alfalfa should not be allowed to go to
seed the first year, as this materially weak
ems the growth Those who have had ex-
Omaha daily bee., 1899-11-26

and manuring is altogether superfuous.
Those lands cf Nebraska which are un-
suited to corn are the lands which are
specially suited to alfalfa. Most of the
plants of the order leguminosae, to which
alfalfa belongs, thrive in dry soils. Though
the great essential of alfalfa is water, it is
not necessary that it receive it as rainfall,
but only that its roots may find water.
Throughout the Platte valley water is very
near the surface. The soil is sandy, without
clay har.pan, and the waters of the Platte
and its tributaries are absorbed and held as
In sponge Where nature has been stingy
in the average amount of rainfall it has
generously provided a storage system by
which the mountain SHOWS are held for
future use. 1t only remains for the Ne
braska farmer to learn what crops can make
the best use of this stored moisture. When
the alfalfa seed has been safely germinated
it's roots will reach downward to the damp
sand and find moisture to keep 1t growing.
Methods of Cultivation.
Methods of preparing the ground and seed
Ing vary according to soil and location.
Land which is hard is thoroughly plowed
and narrowed until finely pulverized. The
seed may be sown broadcast or put in with
press drill. Twenty to twenty -four pounds
of seed are used to the acre. In this as In
similar crops 1t pays to be generous with
seed. Some fields now growing are not as
Omaha daily bee., 1899-11-26
Novemt
Alfalfa Fields the Gold
Mines of Nebraska

At various times in the history OF Ne
braska discoveries of gold have been an
nounced. While it is assured that some
gold has been found in Nebraska it is
equally assured that it occurs in such small
quantities that it does not pay for the ex-
pense of extracting 1t from the soil. In re-
cent years another gold mine has been dis
covered, which yields rich returns and will
never be worked out. The alfalfa fields are
the gold mines of Nebraska.
Alfalfa is usually referred to as a sor,
of clover. Botanicaly considered 1t is y
species of the genus medicago, under the
order of leguminosae, while the clovers are
classed under the genus trifolum of the
same order. Alfalfa, therefore, is only a
second cousin of the clovers 1t is hardy
perennial, which comes to maturity in the
first year.
When a farmer emigrates to new state
with soil and climatic conditions differing
from those of his former home it is essen
tial that he study the new conditions and
readjust his farming ideas to ft them. He
must adjust himself and his crops to the
soil and climate, for they will not change
for him. He may have lived on the low
fiat lands of Indiana, where he laid tiling to
drain his land and powed deeply to break
up the hard clay SOIL He raised corn and
sold it. To better his condition he came to
Nebraska, the land of good roads and
healthful climate. He settles on farm in
the sub-arid district and plants corn as be-
fore. But, though he ''plows deep while
sluggards Sleep he remains pcor. He per-
ssts in depending solely on corn in a region
where corn is an uncertain crop. He gets
into the rut of one of his burrows and stays
there, when, if he would cease to put his
dependence altogether in corn and seed most
of his n ia ba hov
on the safe road to prosperity. Alfalfa has
been grown long enough in Nebraska to
prove that it is the salvation of the So
called "drouth DISTRICTS.
Extensive Culture Recent
The extensive culture of alfalfa as forage
plant is comparatively recent, but expert
ments have been made with it in eastern
states for many years. In the Transactions
of the Society for the Promotion of Agri-
culture" published at Albany, N. Y, in 1901,
favorable mention is made of it. From that
date various farm journals and agricultural
reports mention it and recommend the crop
to eastern farmers. The details of growing
and harvesting and the use and value of
alfalfa as a forage plant are not so generally
known as are the older crops, but each year
farmers are becoming better informed con-
cerning it and the acreage Is increasing.
The crop has never obtained an extensive
foothold east Of the Missouri. probably on
account of some misapprehension concerning
it. 1t is amusing to read the sober opinion
Of some learned agrcuturists Of a few
years ago that alfalfa will not thrive on
sandy and gravelly soil, but requires rich,
loamy land and should be very heavily
manured before seeding" Experience has
demonstrated that alfalfa thrives best in
sandy soil, that rich loan is not required
Omaha daily bee., 1899-11-26

perience say it should be cut but once the
first year, fer two cuttings are almost sure
to kill After the first year, however 1t is
cut regularly three times a season and may
often be cut four times.
The picture shows a plant two months old
and illustrates the rapid growth, especially
of the root. The seed was sown July 12
and the plant taken up September Is. 1t has
two long stems and several others starting
The root measures fifteen inches in length
and the long stem fourteen inches. A plant
four years old was examined which had 100
stems Of varying length and the root Of
which measured four and half inches in
circumference at the top and six feet in
length. Alfalfa does not spread from stolous
as does white clover, but thickens at the
crown of the root. The tap root extends
straight down, slender the first year, in
creasing in size and length with age,T send
ing off an occasional prong and numerous
rootlets.
As a Profitable Crop.
A conservative estimate places the sea-
sons crop Of three cuttings at three tons per
acre. but 1t has been known to yield six tons
per acre. When it is borne in mind that
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-30
BEEF CONTRACT AWARDED.

Washington, May 29.-The war depart
ment is informed that the award of the
contract for furnishing fresh beef to the
army in Cuba and Porto Rico. has bee N
made to Swift 81 Co., of Chicago. There
are 10 posts to be supplied in Cuba.
The proposals were for refrigerated
beef aud freshly slaughtered beet, the
latter to be cooled artificIally or other
wise SO as to be in condition for use i'm
mediately upon delivery, The require
ments are for first class meats and con-
form on general lines to the requirements
for beef furnished to army posts in this
country. The refrigerated beef must be
from carcasses dressing 600 pounds or
over and the freshly slaughtered beef
must dress not less than 400 pounds.
The meat is to keep "a hours after deliv
cry and subject at all times to rigid in
spection. The war department is not yet
informed of the figures of the successful
bid. The contract is to run during the
year, beginning July l, 1899.
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-30
BAPTIST MISSION UNION.

San Francisco, May 29.-At the meet
ing Of the American Baptist Mission
Union today the trsasurer's report showed
total appropriations of the missionary
union for the year were 1894, 7b7.
The following message was cabled to
United States Ambassador White at The
Hague:
"a million northern Baptists, repre-
sented in national convention, invoke up
on the conference the benediction of the
Prince of Peace"
The committee appointed included:
Committee on Finance-Samuel A.
True OF Maine, j. q. Brown of Massachu-
setts, Whittemore Of Maine and
others.
Committee on Nations-C. D. Ilisley Of
Maine and others.
The following were elected officers Of
the American Baptist Missionary Union :
President-Hon. Robert o. Fuller of
Massach usetts.
Vice Presidents-Hon. Chester w.
Kingsley of Massachusetts, and Hon. K.
IL. Porter of tennsylvania.
Ministers-George c. Lorimer, ID. d. of
Boston, .and Others.
Laymen-.P. Eonney of Portland. and
others.
Womens-Mrs William Fl. Spencer OF
Skowhegan, and Others.
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-30
FINE START MADE.
Opposition To Paying Soldiers in Cuba
Believed To Have Been Defeated.

Havana, May 29.-Today's events in
connection with the payment of the
Cuban troops entitled to apply here for q
share In tbs American granuity, have
effectually killed Off the opposition to the
receipts of the bounty by privates. In
American military circles 1t is considered
that fine start has been made and that
the opposition is defeated.
Three hundred privates arrived during
the day to apply forlpayment but though
Lieut.. Col. Randall, the commissioners
experimenting the distribution here kept
his Office open from 10 a. IN. to D. m.,
only liz could be paid during that inter-
val as each man took up several minutes.
Many who brought arms were not on the
rolls az all. Ninety nine rifles wers sur
rendered, most OF the applicants declining
to take any chances In turning the
weapons over to the mayor Of Havana,
evidently believing 10 would be better 70
give them direct TO the Americans.
The Cuban officers, who ON the first day
tried to discourage any who we've disposed
to apply, finding now that the tide Of
feeling has turned. are Offering all the as.
sistance possible to Col. Randall
At the conclusion of the days work,
there were more than 200 who had not
been heard. These will have to wait I'M.
til after the return OF the pay car ON
June i5
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-30
PRESIDENT WILL ATTEND.
Manila Volunteers VIII Be Given
Grand Time at Minneapolis.

Washington, May 29.-All the volun.
teers now in the Philippines II they are
mustered out at San Francisco are to be
invited to mobilize at Minneapolis and
st. Paul. There they are to be rendered
q rousing welcome, made more notable
by the presence Of the President. Ihe
President has been anxious to meet all
the troops who served in the Philippines
II this were practicable and he agreed to
go to Minneapolis and st. Paul to greet
the Minnesota volunteers. With the pos.
sibility that the President might be un-
able to continue his trip further west, the
twin cities have undertaken to arrange
for the mobilization of all the volunteers
as their guests.
The date upon which the troops Will
reach ST. Paul and Minneapolis will de-
pend upon the rapidity with which traos-
portation can be placed at their disposal
by the war department, but 1t Is expected
that once started, the troops will be
landed at San Francicso within six
weeks. The jubilee, therefore, probably
will occur early in August. The Presi-
dent's acceptance Of this invitation does
not necessarily mean that he has aban-
doned his contemplated trip to the Pacific
coast. How much he will extend his trip
west of Minneapolis will depend upon
circumstances.
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-30
ARBITRATION.
Principle Taking Form At
The Hague.
Part Of Russian Plan
Adopted.
Americans aud Italians Submit
Amendments.
Disarmament Commit
tee Meets.
Disarmament Commit
tee Meets.
Impression Gaining That Effort
Will Be Nil.

The Hague, May 29.-The drafting
committee or sub committee Of the arbi-
tration committee, met today and dis
cussed the Russian scheme adopting with
slight notifications, the first six articles
Count Nigra, chief of the Italian dele
CATION submitted a proposal Of mediation
and arbitration consisting of six articles
in the form OF an amendment to the
Russian project. =
The Americans also submitted an
amendment, demanding that, in the
event of dispute between two nations.
each should choose another nation to act
as5arbitrators to settle the difference
without bloodshed. This must not be
confouuded with the proposal for n per-
manent arbitration tribunal which the
Americans will introduce during the
week.
The italian proposal includes clause
providing that mediation and arbitration
shall not stop mobilization or preparation
for war. Neither the American or Italian
amendment hos yet been discussed.
The naval and military sections of the
disarmament committee both met today
and exchanged ideas in desultory man
uer. The impression gains ground that
the outcome of this committee will be
pract cally nil.
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-30
WASHINGTON GRATIFIED.
At Turn of Events Are Taking Mt The
Hague,

At Turn of Events Are Taking Mt The
Washington, May 29.-The President
and Secretary Hay are gratitied at the
precedence given by The Hague confer
ence to the subject of arbitration which
Ia regarded as mainly American In con-
ception. The detailed scheme of arbitra-
tion which Is to be proposed by thu
United States DELEGATES was carefully
wrought out at the state department be-
fore the commissioners sailed from New
York, 1t will be laid before the confer
enoe probably tomorrow. The details OF
the American proj,c cannot he dlvulged
now. as a matter of courtesy to the con-
ference, but it can be stated that the
American project Is remarkable at once
for its simplicity and comprehenslveness
1t differs considerably from what Is
known as the Olney Pauncefote PROPOSE
tion as set out in the arbitration treaty
which failed Of ratification. 1t provides
for n permanent tribunal of arbitration,
an impartial arbitration being thought
more probable thereby than If arbitrators
were chosen in the heat of controversy.
The news from The Hague that the
British and Russian representatives are
comforting with view to reconc1l1ng
the points of difference In their two
schemes of arbitration, gives satisfaction
here for the reason that 1t promises we'll
for an easy amalgamation of opposing
schemes with the American project, the
latter being very similar in principal to
the British plan.
The reported decision Of the confeien
to admit as q subject for deliberation and
action the American proposition to ex-
empt private property from seizure at
sea, Is also gratifying. The assurance
that England, which has SO long held
sioof will give her supl OFT to this Ameri-
can proposition. is believed almost to en-
sure Its adoption and If this should be the
case, the state department would regard
that one result as more than repaying the
nations concerned for the cost and
trouble Of assem- ling the conference.
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-30

says: Capt. Charles ID. Clay OF the lIth
infantry. grandson Of Henry Clay, mas
returned from Manila on eick leave. Con-
cernipg the war in the philippines. ne
said,
Volunteers vieiwith regulars In gal
lantry. The heroism OF both is superb
The wnr now going on is as dlinouit
and magnificent passage of arms as
any In our annals. A handful OF men
are waaing y war there against incompar-
able odds. With 20. goo or 100, 900 men We
could sweep the island in 30 days ana
avert the tremendous mortality that Is
now certain rs fate :.
"Gen. Lnwton had the eye OF the sold-
Ter when he said 100. 600 men were needed.
We have not troops enough to occupy
what we conquered. Towns were taken
three and four times and rs often aoan-
doned because we had not force enough
to bold them. That is the case every
where. Manila Ia great country, full OF
thousands of men ready at moments 3
notice. 1t requires 1000 mon to hold
down Manila. Some 5000 are in the hos
pital or useless, and that leaves barely
$4,000 men to beat the Filipinos in the
field and hold what is gained +"
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-30
STORM STRIKES BUFFALO.
Great Damage DOne-Additional Pas-
ticulars from Nebraska.

Buffalo, May ga severe rain and
wind storm passed over the city and
vicinity today. causing considerable dam.
age to property and injured number OF
people. In this oity ninety foot smoke.
stack at the works of the Buffalo Cast
Iron Pipe company was blown over and
in falling 1t crushed in the wall of the
foundry buildings. Andrew Riedle aud
Valentine Hahn, workmen In the factory
were probably fatally injured and twenty
others were slightly hurt. At Lookport
the grandstand at Lake avenue ball
grounds was wrecked. One boy was fatal
ly and two others were painfully injured.
Reports froms Tonawanda, jamestown
and other. places report much damage.
Omaha, Nebraska, May Additional
reports show that Sundays storms in
Nebraska were more widespread and de-
structive than at first appeared. In the
counties hit'by the hail small grain Is
nearly all destroyed and fruit ruined.
The Catholic church and priests house at
Menominee were badly shattered by
lightning.
Pittsburg, May 29.-A terrific wind and
rain storm passed over this section today
doing considerable damage but no fatali-
ties resulted.
A school house In Minsrsville was un.
rooted. No one was seriously injured.
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-30
ACCIDENT UNAVOIDABLE.

Warrington. May 29.-Admiral Remey.
composing, a court of inquiry appointed
to Investigate the circumstances of the
recent grounding of the cruiser Raleigh
at the entrance of the harbor of Charles.
ton, S. c., has reported to the navy de-
partment that the accident was unavoid-
able and was due mainly to the recent
changes in the channel made by the army
engineers In operations for the improve
ment of the harbor with which changes
the navigating officers of the naval vessel
were not In position to be informed un-
til ,too late. 1t is not likely that any
further action will be taken by the de-
partment,
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-30
FUNERAL OF CASTELAR,.

Madrid, May 29. 29.-Immense crowds wit
messed today the funeral of Senior Don
Emilio CASTELAR,, the distinguished repub
lican orator and statesman who died last
Friday. At the gates of the Cemetery the
crowd attempted to force their way in
and several sopffles with the police en-
sued. But the remains were finally In
tered at eight o'clock this evening and
the mourners dispersed without further in
cident.
The funeral was one of the most i'm
pressive sights within the memory Of Ma
dridenians At some points along the
route the students and populace oheered
the generals and artillery. There were
few attempts to demonstrate against the
minister of war, General Poliveja because
of his refusal to allow military honors,
but they were promptly checked by most
Of the spec tators. Speeches at the ceme-
terry were prohibited.
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-30
Spanish To Be Official
Language.
Judges Are All Representative
Men.

Manila, May 80, p. m.-An order has
been issued re-establishing the Philip.
pine courts, which have been closed since
the American occupation. 1t revives all
the Spanish system without conflicting
with the sovereignty of the United States.
The chief justice is Cayetano Arrelano.
The associates of the civil branch are
Manuel Arualla, Col Crowder and
eiregoro Aranita. The justices Of the
criminal branch are Raymundo Melliza,
Ambrosio Rianzares, Julio Loreno, Major
Young and Captain Birkhimer.
:: The attorney general is Florentio
Jorres.. This corresponds with the Ameri-
can Supreme court.
The oath prescribed begins: 81 rscog-
nize and accept the supreme authority Of
the United States Of America.
The Filipino mem bers are al, promi-
nent lawyers. Arrellano is the leader of
his profession in the islands. In the early
stages of the Filipino movement he was
Aguinaldo's principal adviser. Aranita
was a member of Aguinaldo's first cabi-
net Melissa was president of the insur-
gent government at Iloilo. Torres is the
leader of the local committee working
with the commission to conoiliate the in.
surrectionists Spanish will be the
official language of the courts. There has
been agitation among the local British
and American business men and among
lawyers who came to the Philippines to
make fortunes, to have the English code
and language adopted, but Major General
Otis concluded that iJ would be unwise
even II practical TO upset long usage. he
thought il best to give the natives courts
in the language to which they have been
accustomed The Spanish salaries proved
a stumbling block to obtaining good men
the highest being only $500, the Span isb
Judges receiving fees which are abolished.
All the judges are representative men.
Two correspondence of New York
newspaper have been disbsrred for fabri
eating an interview with Gen. Lawton
dated Manila May s3, and for evading the
censorship.
The steamer Ell Cano has arrived here
from the island of Guam, bringing the
Filipinos who. were exiled there by the
Spaniards for participating in the old re-
bellion.
MORE MEN NEEDED.
Chicago, May 29.-The Times Herald
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-30
CARGO SOLD AT AUCTION.

Halifax, N. S., May ga large guam
tity of the cargo saved from the German
steamer Moravia, lost of Sable island
some months ago, while on a voyage
from Hamburg to Boston, and which was
brought here by government steamer
Newtield, was sold at auction today. The
following prices were realized: Case
oil skin coats, SS. Is; cases and barrels of
hosiery at 81 cents dozen; dressed skins,
"a cents apiece; Isle gloves, 62 cents
dozen; Bristol board, 50 q case; COCOA
nut oil, cents pound; cases of claret,
So; cases of glassware and crockery, IS to
S13; salted hides, cents a pound.
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-30
CINCINNATI HOTEL BURNED.

Cincinnati, May 3O.-The Burnet house
is ON IRE. A number Of engines are at
work. At IL 40 a. M, smouldering fire
of the bar and billiard rooms. There
were no flames visible and no smoke
within the hotel except through the cell
ing Of the billiard room. There was no
panic. All the guests got out safely.
The firemep thought they had the fire
Subdued when they discovered that it had
orept upward through u frame partition
ana now far es are breaking through the
roof.
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-30
WANT AMERICAN PROTECTION

London. May 30.-The Liverpool corre
spondent of the Daily Chronicle asserts
that DIR. Blyden, a native Liberian states
man is now ell route from Liberia, en-
lowered by the Liberian executive to de-
mand an American protsotorate for
Liberia and. in the event of the United
States refusing, he is empowered to ap-
proach the British government on the
sama subject.
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-30
THE COLUMBIA'S CREW.

Rookland, May 2o.-On the boat from
Deer Isle tonight came fourteen men who
have been selected to form part of the
CoIumbia's crew. They will go to Bos-
ton tomorrow morning by rail, and then
across the city to take the train for. Bris-
tol, X. /. Nearly all the men selected at
Deer Isle for the crew, are already at
Bristol or on the way.
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-30
EX.GOV. HOLIDAY DEAD.

Richmond, Va, May 29.-Ex-Gov.
at his home in Winchester today, aged II
years. He was elected governor of Vir-
ginia on the Democratic ticket in 1877.
His term extended through one of the
most exciting periods Of the Virginia
debt agitation
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-30
MIR. HARRISON WAS THE LION.

Paris, May 29.-At the parliamentary
banquet given this evening by President
Loubet and at the reception which fol-
lowed. the center Of attraction Was MIR.
Benjamin Harrison, legal represen tative
Of Venezuela at the forthcoming sessions
of the Venezuela boundary commission
in this city and Mrs. Harrison.