Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-01-21
POLITICAL SCIENCE.


IN the last article was discussed the
right " personal security. including
the law ~ arrest and immunity there
frum. under our Constitution ana laws.
The law 81 arrest In England II very
similar. while the history OF the growth
~ tho law u not without interest.
The right ~ personal security dates
back to earliest times In English his
tory. The law Of 1nl and later ~
Etheired forbade the selling into riav-
cry out ~ the country any subject ~
England. though within the country
In those times there were the following
social ranks Athellngs. or those Of
noblcst dinghy blood, carla. or de-
Hcondnntn ~ primitive mobiles; thegnr.
or companions of the king; ccuris, free
men not ~ noble blood thraiis. theowH.
or slaves. who were ~ two kinds: a.
hereditary slaves. tho descendants ~
the old HritonS. found mostly In the
western districts, and wife theows.
those reduced TO acryitudc FOR crime.
neglect Co pay n nnc. or By voluntary
sale. Lncts were slaves In a better poo
rition than the thcowr. and We're prob
ably Iioman slaves left behind.
The ccoris had nearly lost their In
dependence. by the time william the
conaucror made his survey of England
and published the Domcrday book. II
names three classes NJ iaborcrH or scrfr.
VILLAIN. bordari. and cotarii. The first
- NsN.s H.aI
frecmcn. aud the two otncr classes
were lower grades ~ yillelnH. The first
class had many rights and privileges
and had certain methods ~ obtaining
their freedom. iiy gradual evolution,
they obtained permission To- pay hxed
labor rent. and whom their work was
finished, they accepted other employ
mcnt ~ hired iuborcrs. The Influence
~ the church was steadily exercised
In their behalf and they were often
freed by their lords at the request NJ
tho clergy. Many vllleinH became sol
diora and afterwards He'd to the towns,
rather than revert to their former posi-
ton. when the yllllcna paid money In
stead ~ rendering service. the fact was
entered On the copies NJ the court roll
of the manor. giving evidence OF their
tenure as copyholderr. or those who
held their laud In return for certain
definite services rendered OF
sums paid. In the lowest
Kind 81 yillcnngc. services were unccr-
tain In amount, and depended entirely
on the viii OF the lord. In the iith
century. the lords made every cnort Ia
assert their ancient rights over the vii
loins and to reduce them to their for
mcr position. These Efforts led to Wal
Tylers rebellion In 1851, IN which the
villeins attempted 10 destroy the couri
rolls containing the records OF theii
yllicnage. From this attack viilenag'
| never recovered. and the only trace
81 the system now remaining In Eng
land. IL the existence Of hereditary
nobility, who represent the nncicn
lords.
Aftcr the Norman conquest thos
/ freeholders dandownern) who hold thci
l land directly Of the king. were callc'
baronn. They We're ~ two classes
Major barons. from whom came iluall
Z the members OF the House Of Lords
and minor barons, from whom came IN
knights NJ the shire.
The barons have played the most I'M
portant part In winning the freedom q
the English people from the arbitrar
power NJ the monarch, to whom the
were always opposed.
A. early AZ 1914, they oonspired. M
successfully, against william the Cor
,,heror. and IN i0Ss they rose again
william Rufus The oifrcts Of thci
infurroctions was tn draw the monarc
ANA the common people close together
ANA the kings cndravored to Htrrngthc
themselves by creating new baroI
from the ranks Of the common peopl
The old Norman nobility WAS TIN
largely superseded by an English NJ
bllty. but these In turn proved lntrac
able refusing 10 follow King John
his invasion Of France. and romainll
closely allied with the people. Mari
Chnrta was wrung from John hy Il
action Of the barons, ana the libertl
which II granted werc said To "app
To every one
Magma Chnrtu, "tho keystone NJ I'm
lish liberty" and the nrst effectu
b Limitation of the power Of the despol
Plantagcnet kings, was an instrume
+ which the bafons forced King John
1 sign Ia i2lb. Two articles provide
, a. That no freeman shall BE- impr
a oncd, eNllcd, or otherwise punished, q
4 ceni by the lawful Judgment of !
10 peers, or by the law NJ the land.
@ el That Justice shall not be denl
% or delayed 10 any one.
@ This charter violated aud renew
d from time to time, was the germ r.,