The Press., 1899-10-12

and thus protect themselves
from marauders. We have passed
through five famous towns 80 far. Bonn,
with its old university, occupying build
ings in continuous line $40 yards long,
the old Electoral p lace on the south
side of the town; Coblenz, beautiful for
situation, and of special strategic and
commercial Importance, at the mouth of
the Moselle, river made by the fortunes
of the Franco Prussian war, the western
boundary Of the new German Empire.
Mainz and Woims, two cities that should
be ever named together because of their
peculiar relations to the Reformation, and
Heidelberg, famous for its old university
and as the cradle of science In southern
Germany. Mainz was the European
birthplace OF printing by movable types,
an important art that Luther was Quick
to see and use In promoting the great
movement of which he was providentialIy
the leader. Gutenberg of Mainz was the
inventor of the art, and his native town
has honored him with monument, which
with the monument of the Poet Schiller,
and the Munster, we stopped to see as we
Iassed through. Saturday night, Sept. 2,
brought us to Worms, and we were glad
of the opportunity to spend the Sabbath
In this birthplace of the reformation with
Martin Luther. Attended the morning
service at the old cathedral adjoining the
ducal palace where Luther was tried be.
fore the imperial diet. and where at the
close of the memorable trial h. declared,
g Here l stand, cannot act otherwise,
God help me! Am n ~ They are the
manly words Of a strong, manly man. "a
monument WAS erected in the park In
1868 in rurmOry Of Luther and his con-
ferrees In the work of the Reformatio'-
1t is noble work of art. Here we sat tor
an hour and tried to realz, the idea
sought to be expressed by the plastic art :,
of Luther and his co-workers. The work
was nine years In building and cost nearly
300 900. There Is massive stone plat
form forty eight feet square ard nine and
one-half feet high. On this are seven
pedestals, the central and higher ono b.
ing of course occupied by Luth. r. Near
him atthe four corners In sitting post ur.,
are the four famous precursors IF the
Reformation. Hasse, Lavararda. Wye if
| and Petras Waldrus; on the three side
| pedestas, standing, are the statu s Of
Philip the GArerous of Hessen, Melar d.
iron and Reuchlin. AS a Who'll. it is a
grand, impressive work comment ,,ing
one of the greatest, yes, the greatest
movement of modern times. Luther is
the central figure, as of course he 81 ould
Re. He Is represented as strong, mar,ly
man, the likeness exceedingly good, 1t is
said. The head is the head Of thinker
and under it is a strong, resolute. forceful
face, full of devout faith and trust, and
the whole man, you feel, is one who IT,
like Cromwell, he had been called tc
arms, would have led victorious armies
We sit and ponder for an hour, and are
filed with wonder and awe at the great
mysterious, heaven-directed movement,
which we call human history. Gutenbel G
and Columbus, and Luther and Cromwell
made America. her great political ane
missionary work-all for which the name
stands - possible. These two famou,
German cities, Mainz and Woims mus
never be forgotten In our enumeration
of the great forces of the Reformation.
Some interesting and strange thing. We
have seen by the way which it is difficult t.
enumerate. We saw almost no womel
In Holland doing the rough work which
in America we think belongs to man.
Since leaving Cologne the number o
women working In the fields daily in
creases-to-day- eleventh In tn
, Rhine valley-we have seen more wome1
than men working In the fields, hoeinl
turnips, tending the hay crop and getting
1t in, ploughing, etc. Mark these scenes
A woman ploughing with pair of COWS
1O-year-old boy driving the COWS. TIVE
women and man getting in hay, one
woman pitching, the other raking after
and the man loading the hay, the Wagon
being draw by pair of COWS. A mar
returning from market at Karlseuch in &
wagon drawn by horse and COW paired
together. Often COW or heifer In shafts
of cart or wagon, COWS and steers anC
heifers harnessed and driven with lines
A woman moving grass, though gene
rally the mowers are men and boys
Many of the women are barefooted. No
in Holland often, but especially up the
Rhine we have seen the ''man with The
hoe," of whom so much has been said o.
late, and in these last days the "womer
with the hoe," more pitiable still, as be-
ing of the weaker sex, and more easily
borne down by the burdens of life.
In Holland dogs doing much service ir
draft, up the Rhine we rarely see dog
In harness. In Holland the meadows
were "speckled" with cattle, horses
sheep and boys; in the Rhine country
not domestic animal in the fields except
those at work. In Holland there Is hard.
ly fence to be seen, bitches dividing
pastures, here not fence anywhere, all
the products of the field and meadow
being drawn one or two miles to the barn
in the farm village or direct to market
Fields and meadows are cultivated In
retangles, often very small-almost like
a garden patch in places-the boundaries
shown generally by stones here and there
standing few inches above the surface
a fruitful source of quarrels and bicker-
ings between neighboring workers, one
would think. noted yesterday that the
grass of patches here and there along the
way was often cut a little beyond the
line. The tools used in farming seem to
US clumsy the hoe is almost as strong
and heavy as mattock. Hay is turned
and grass spread with a fOrked stick