New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1899-04-09

campaign against the tlnlanuers, WIN ieil"'i'N
perfectly calm but resisted all en'roachihe"'s
upon their domains The attacks on the foles'
the Baltic Germans or the Armenians were mild
in comparison with those on the inohenslve
Firms. and even the popular Jewbaiting so far
as the newspapers have been concerned in it,
has not been worse than the movement against
the Firms The London Times said:
Finland asks nothing from Russia except to
be allowed to preserve the liberal institutions
and laws which each and every Emperor, from
and including Alexander |. have most Soieihhly
vowed for themselves and successors 10 man
tain intact. No s0phistry or dlalectlcai Skill Oh
Russian writer's can explain away these imperlal
promises. The clubbing arguments and distor-
ton OF evident facts produced by M K Ordln.
who was the first to raise the controversy from
the lower level OF daily journalism on the RUS
sian side, have been completely answered py
Senator Mechclin. Professor Hermanson Ut
DanielsOD, Of the University OF telSlngtors ana
other distinguished scholars on behalf Of the
Firms. a small library of books on this subject
has been published by these authors In most OF
the languages of Europe. That t1nands con-
necton is not a union with Russia, but con-
quest. an Incorporation: that Finland is only
Russian province. as it once MAS Swedish one;
that certain words in the RUSSIAN or fTehch
originals Of imperial documents have been mis-
construed by the Firms in their Swedish trans
latiOns; that what Russia has given the rims
she may take away and that the Firms do not
sympathze with Russian ideals and aspirations
all these are mere theoretical bubbles and
paltry complaints which pale into nothing by
the side of the supremacy important and fndis-
putablc fact that successive Cars of all the
Russas, including the reisniuS Emperor, have
deliberately recognized and confirmed the fun
damental laws and Liberties of the Grand -duohy.
Finland is composed Of two clinical clements,
Firms and Swedes, but in consequence Of fire.
duent intermarriages and centuries OF identical
government and religion, community Of in
tercsts of aspirations. reverses and successes,
the Films closely united. Despite its two
languages Finland has a literature in which
both languages are represented. This litera-
ture," says writer who has seen the country
and its people from all pcirts of view, was born
in the country Itself nourished by the intel
lec;ual juices of nature. and is distinctively ma
tional The Finnish tongue, besides producing
thousands Of charming folksongs in which the
psychological history Of the people is beautl-
fully enshrined, possesses an 'epos' called
'Kalevala,' which ranks in the history of uni
yersal literature on par with the great epics
OF the world"
This work bears much resemblance TO "Hia-
watha' and has been looked upon by many
students the source from which Longfeow
drew lis inspiration.
Dr. Elias Lennrot the author Of "Kalevala,"
is only one Of a great number of poets to whom
the Firms point with JUST pride. John Ludwig
Runeberg, the author of the national anthem,
"Our Land" and the novelist Topelius are
among their favorites, but the last fifty years
have been particularly fruitful OF literary works,
and the old list of authors has been augmented
by the addition Of the names of Juhani Aho,
Minna Kant. Arvid Jarncfeldt and Santeri Ing
nan Comm ZilliaCus, Slnter Ako, Teuvo PAX
kala Jussi Reijonen Gustaf Won Numers, Jack
Ahrenberg, Mrs Yoj0- KoshkneD. Mrs. Malta
Talvio. Mrs Ali Trygg- Helenius, Miss Lusina
Hagman, Miss Alexander Gripenberg, Miss
Tekla IIultin, Miss Maikki Friberg, j. II. Erkko
Kasimir Leino Elmo Leino. Ky0sti Larson,
Jooseppi Mustakaio, J. J. Wecksell. Yrj4
Weijola, Nulo e. Wainio, Miss Aino Krohn,
Paavo Cajander and Peter Paivarnta.
Paivarnta belongs to a class Of authors who
are known only in Finland. They unedu-
Gated in the higher branches; in many instance.
! they can simply read and write. but they pos