davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Bismarck weekly tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1884-1943, 1899-11-10

Rudyard Kipling's new war poem ap-
pears in the London Times, and Incl
dentally the right to publish it was
purchased by the Chicago Tribune, in
which it was recently published. The
Times paid $3.50 for the poem and the
right to republish has been purchased
by a number of other papers, bringing
the total income from the poem up to
about $4,000. We understand also that
the printers who put the thing into type
paid a good round sum for the right to
do so, the proof reader paid literally for
the privilege of reading proof OF it, the
stationer who furnished the pen and ink
with which it was written was the high
est bidder for the compliment, and all
that is now necessary to be done is to
impose a per capita tax upon the Eng
lish to cover the right to read it. The
right to comment upon it having yet
been purchased by no one, we do not
believe that in making this brief allusion
to it we are infringing any right, priv
lege or p~rerogrative that may have been
disposed of by the author with regard to
his new literary creation.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
STAGE GOSSIP.

Nine. Nordica's first performance this
season of Brunnhilde was a triumph Of
vocal and dramatic art that may we'll
rank with her Isolde and Aida (says Hill.
larry Belly. The faults, principally those
of indecision and misplaced emphasis,
which married her first efforts two seasons
ago, have now disappeared, and, after
year of hard study, Nordica comes back
to us with a Brunnhilde that can be sur.
passed only by Lilli Lehman, and equal.
ed by no other dramatic soprano. The
enthusiasm created by her performance
last week in "Siegfried" rendered dull by
comparison all the demonstrations of the
season; and, although it was midnight
before the opera ended, the audience re-
manned to reward our prima donna for
her remarkable effort. Lillian Nordica
has now reached the goal of her ambition.
She has triumphed as Aida, Verdi's most
difficult role; as Isolde and Brunnhilde,
the greatest characters of Wagner.
The Bostonians have just brought out
in Chicago comic opera called "Ulys.
ses," which travesties the doings of the
Olympian gods. The critics are unani.
nous in calling it failure.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
Favor. Woman. Suffrage.

Albany, N. Y, Jan. s.--A1bany is the
center of suffrage agitation.
The female advocates and opponents Of
woman suffrage were wrought up oyer
Governor Roosevelt's message, In which he
advocates gradual extension of suffrage to
women. There was great perplexity among
the ladies interested as to what the gov.
ernor really meant.
To an Associated Press representative
the governor tonight said that what he
meant in the message was gradual ex-
tension of suffrage to women. How far to
extend it he is not certain. He believes the
condition Of large number of women
could be bettered. He is not sure that
legislation can accomplish much, but if it
can do little he is willing to try it.
Woman suffrage has worked well in the
school district in which Oyster Bay is sit
uated, and the governor thinks it may
work well elsewhere.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
Presidential Nominations.

Washington, Jan. 9.-The president has
sent these nominations to the senate:
James D. Yomans, Iowa, to be inter
state commerce commissioner; Robert A
Mosely, Jr., Alabama, consul general al
Singapore; Silas c. Mcfarland, Iowa, con
sui at Nottingham, England.
Navy-Commander Albert Kautz to be
rear admiral; Captain Frederick Rogers
to be commodore; Commander Edwin
White to be captain; Lieutenant Com.
mander G. G. Cornwell to be commander;
Lieutenant L. U. Heilner to be lieutenant
commander; Lieutenant, junior grade, A
D. Diffenbach to be lieutenant.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
WANT MONEY AT SANTIAGO.
Customs Receipts Needed for Public
Work in That City.

Santiago, Jan. THE explanation of
the war department Of its intention re-
garding the transfer of customs receipts
from the different ports in Cuba to Havana
is met here by statements by Cubans that
the plan is similar to the one adopted by
the Spaniards when requisitions on Hava-
ma obtained less than 90 per cent Of what
the requisition called for.
Merchants, business men and influential
people here say Havana has grown rich
and prosperous at the expense of the rest
Of the island, and Cubans and government
officials at Santiago say the Cubans of
Havana are responsible for General
Brooke's order on this subject.
General Wood and DR.. Castillo left for
New York today, en- route to Washington,
to see the president on the subject. Al
though the situation is critical, it is doubt
full whether any overt act will be COM
mitted, unless the populace is aroused by
further irritating orders from Havana.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11

shan better In consulting Mrs. Pink.
ham no hesitation need be felt. the
story Is told to woman and is wholly
confidential. Mrs. Pinkham's address
Is Lynn. Mass. she offers sick women
her advice without charge.
Her intimate knowledge OF women's
troubles makes her letter OF advice .
wellspring Of hope. and her wide expert.
ence and skill point the way TO health.
= suffered with ovarian trouble for
ceven years. and no doctor knew what
was the matter with me. had spells
which would last for two days or more.
I thought I would try Lydia E. Pink.
hams Vegetable compound. I have
taken seven bottles Of 1t. and am en-.
tirely cured. Mas john FOREMAN, %
N Woodbury. Ave-, Baltimore. Nd.
The shove letter from Mrs. Foreman
y only one Of thousandA
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
MINING NOTES,

The Copper Queen of Arizona gives EN-.
ployment to 1900 men.
The first news received when the tele.
phone line was clear last week was that
the Thermometer stood 80 below at Re.
public.
VIM. Grier writes to his son at North.
port that $4,000 has been raised in Lon.
don to develop the property of the Co.
lumbia Milling and Development Co.
The stages were not run from Boss.
burg and Marcus to Republic and Boun.
Diary Creek several days last week, the
river being filled with floating ice to
such an extent that crossing was danger.
GUS.
w. J. Lee, formerly mining editor oil
the Rocky Mountain News and promin-
ent in mining newspaper work on other
western papers, is in Spokane purchasing
a plant with which to start weekly
newspaper at Greenwood City, B. C.
Word has been received from the fore.
man of the Buckhorn mine, in the Flat
Creek district, on the reservation, that
the crosscut running from the incline
shaft is beginning to show mineral in its
face and the ore is coming in at the bot
tom of the crosscut. 1t is thought that
the ledge will be opened at once.
Copper production of United States
mines during November reached the
grand total of 2l5,79O long tons, an in.
crease of 1888 tons over the correspond.
ing period last year.
The export value of Utah's mineral pro.
duction for 1898 is valued at 1927 SAB.
The total production of gold in the
Transvaal for the eleven months ending
Nov. 80, 1898, was $7l ,sO2,526
Arrangements have been made for a
l00-ton cyanide plant on the New Nam
moth mine, at Bingham, Utah. The CON-
pany has an immense vein of So to IS
ore.
Waukegan, ILL.,, parties will develop the
Easter Sunday, reservation property in
the Pierre lake district. A large outfit
has been taken in prepared for extensive
work.
The Zala NJ, Sheridan camp property
which has shown phenomenally high as.
says, has the shaft down over 100 feet
and work will be pushed steadily all win.
ter. Several other claims in the same
camp bid fair to attract attention soon.
The shipments of iron ore from the
Lake Superior region for the year ending
December LIST last reached the enormous
total of l3,65O,7Ss tons, and was the
largest ever known for similar period.
The increase over 1897, the greatest pre-
vious year, was ABS, LAB tons.
The Red Lion, on Douglas mountain,
is said to have feet of ore in the face
Of the main tunnel which will assay
across the face $40 in gold and copper.
Charles Buffers, the we'll known mining
expert, has secured lease on the tail.
ings dumps of several mines on the Com
stock lode, with the object, it is said Of
treating the tailings by the Siemens.
Halske process. The working of the pro.
cess will be watched with much interest
by mining men.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
Fought for Independence.
OREGON.

A new Masonic temple has just been
dedicated at Union, Ore.
Flax raising on quite large scale will
be attempted in Morrow county, Oregon.
The Tillamook Herald is advocating the
adjustment by legislative enactment of
toll roads in the state of Oregon. There
are four such roads in Tillamook county.
Cyrus H. Walker, who celebrated his
Goth birthday at Albany, Ore, the other
day, was born at Whitman's mission, De-
cember 7, 1888, and SO far as known he Is
the Oldest white man born west of the
Rocky mountains.
The Oregon Wood Company, of St. Hell.
ems, Or, closed contract recently with
the Oregon Railroad & Navigation Com.
pany for 5000 cords of wood, to be deliv-
cred on barges here. 1t is said the wood is
for use by that company's boats on the
Snake river. Columbia county has never
before enjoyed the demand for cordwood
that is being experienced at this time.
L. Saldern, of Portland, who recently
purchased several thousand acres of tim.
Der land on Grays river, Wash, is making
preparations to cut the timber, and ex.
poets to lave everything in readiness to
begin operations about May |. He has let
the contract for the grading Of the bed for
logging road six miles in length and
four miles of the grading WI be complet.
ed early in the spring.
Ensign Percy Olmsted, son of Colonel
and Mrs. M. L. Olmsted, of Baker City,
one of Uncle Sans naval heroes Of the
battle of Santiago, where he commanded
the crew of an eight-inch gun On the bat
tleship Indiana during the late war, has
been given situation in his own state
by an appointment in the United States
photographic office in Portland. Ensign
Olmsted viii appreciate being near home
folks, for his several years steady sea
service has severely taxed his health.
As an evidence Of the prosperous con-
ditions during the past year in Clackamas
county the records show that 66S deeds
were filed, the considerations aggregating
$780,, 40S, while the l9l mortgages released
during the same period foot up $52e,050.
One Of these mortgages, however, amount
ed to $4l8,000, being release from Eli. |
jah Smith to the Willamette Locks { |
transportation Company. For the past
two months the mortgages cancelled have
amounted to more than double the
amount Of the mortgages filed. During
the year 81 quartz and seven placer min.
Aelaims were recorded. As another evi.
ss-pf prosperity Ill marriage licenses
AASied in 1898.
Cordes, who Is experimenting
II seed farm, has received late
stters from German farmers In
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
Pure Tea
in packages
at grocers'
Schillings
Best :

Kansas, Colorado, Nebraska and Dakota.
They asked for all kinds of information
about this valley, and fully 20 families
have determined to come here in the early
spring. A delegate from the Kansas col
ony will arrive here within go days to
make all the preliminary arrangements
for his colony. Charles Zech wrote from
Watertown, South Dakota, stating that
he intended locating here with his nine
sons and would purchase an entire section
of land.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11

Washington, Jan. SIN view of the
fact that communication between the
states and the Yukon district is necessarily
slow and irregular, the postmaster general
has ordered that all letters addressed to
parties in the Yukon district held for post
age where mailed shall be held at the mail
ing office 90 days before being forwarded
to the dead letter Office. This will give the
addresses opportunity to forward the de-
felt postage.
The steamboat railway postoffice service
between Seattle, Wash, and Dyea, Alaska,
distance of l043 miles, heretofore tenn:
porary, has been established as a perma.
nent route.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
Germ, expects it to rival the famous Ana
conda mines.
Eaatern OREGON Minea

~"sNA SANeoAs
The Granite mining camp is situated
in one of the greatest mineral belts ex-
listing in the west and in which are locat.
ed two partially developed mines whose
outputs in proportion to the milling facil-
tiles speak for themselves, and numerous
prospects in various. stages of develop.
ment that show, for the amount of work
done, larger ore bodies and better values
than can possibly be found in any mining
district in the northwest. This belt is
situated in Baker and Grant counties,
Oregon, and the formation is black slate,
accompanied by quartzlike bikes, and
occasional intrusive sheets of porphry,
which, however, do not cut the veins, but
are the cause of short faults at point of
contact. The strike Of the veins is north
east by southwest, in trend with the for
nation. The only mines being actively
operated are the Red Boy and the Bon
ANA. The Bonanza mine, AL Geiser own
er, is in Baker county, and has milling
plant Of 20 stamps and vanners and the
vein requires 10 five-foot sets to reach
from wall to wall, which is all pay ore,
averaging $l4 per ton in free gold.
The Red Boy mine in Grant county,
four miles south of Granite, is owned by
Godfrey & Tabor, who are operating a 90
stamp battery in connection with IL
Johnston concentrators. This company
is working its mines through a crosscut
tunnel intersectinp three veins being the
Golden Monarch, Red Boy and the Blaine,
on which depth of $50 feet, 600 feet and
300 feet have been attained, in the order
mentioned. The plant is a modern, up
to-date quartz mill and was started Sep
TENDER 10, 1898, at which, time there
were $500 tons of ore on hand, which was
estimated to average $45 per ton in free
gold. De Lamar's experts have been in.
specting this property and it is under
stood have bid for the same, but Of this
nothing definite is known.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
Roosevelt in Pardon Cases.

Albany, N. Y, Jan. 8.-Governor
Roosevelt has established a code of rules
to govern his consideration and deter
mination Of applications for pardons and
combinations of sentence. He will not
exercise executive clemency in behalf Of
a man convicted of numbering or abus-
ing his wife, nor will he pardon any ha-
bitual criminal. His mercy will be shown
only to those whose sentence seems to
have been severe or whose commission Of
q crime was the result of influence.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11

State Of Ohio. City Of Toledo Lucas Co., %.
Frank J. Cheney makes oath that he b the
senior partner OF the firm Of F. J. Cheney q
Co.. doing business In the City Of Toledo. Coun-
ty and State aforesaid, and that said arm will
for each and every case OF Catarrh that can
not be cured BY the use Of Halls Catarrh Cure.
FRANK J. CHENEY.
scribed in my presence, this 9Th day Of De-
Gambler. A. d. 1850. A W. GLEASON.
(Seal) Notary Public.
Halls Catarrh Cure 10 taken internally, and
acts directly on the blood and mucous surfaces
II the system. Send for testimonials, free.
F. J. CHENEY q CO., Toledo, o.
Sold by druggists 7bc.
Halls Family Pills are the hast.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
VIII Welcome Choate.

London, Jan. s.-The Daily News, in an
editorial welcoming the expected appoint
meat of Joseph H. Choate of New York as
United States ambassador to the court Of
St. James, says:
"Englishmen will thank President Nc
Kinley for his choice. Mr.. Choate will
have an easy and pleasant task. He comes
neither to take part in quarrel nor to
heal one, but to foster cordial friendship
into still more friendly cordiality"
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
Steel Gum Bursts.

New York, Jan Cone of DR.. Gatling's
new steel guns, which General Miles re-
garded as likely to revolutionize coast ar.
tillery for defense, burst Wednesday night
at the Sandy Hook proving grounds. The
gun was discharged by means of an cleo
trio button. Pieces of the gun few in
every direction and about the wallis shell.
ter, but no one was injured.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
washing Fine Handkerchies..


Few laundresses wash fine embroid-
cred handkerchlefs properly. Too often
they go to pieces in the wringcr or ara
rubbed into holes on the washboard. The
dainty bit of cambria that is carried more
for show than for use may be washed by
the owner in her own bowl. This done,
all dust should be wiped from the large
window pane, and the handkerchief, when
it is still wet, spread smoothly over the
glass, all creases pressed out, and the cor
ners kept fiat. When the handkerchief
is dry it will be crisp and new in appear.
ance.
The faulty are the fault-fnding.
The population of the Soudan is mum.
bered at 100000, nearly all wholly un-
educated.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
TRY ALIENS rOor-EAsE.

A powder to be shaken into the shoes.
At this season your feet feel swollen, ner.
vous and uncomfortable. If you have
smarting feet or tight shoes, try Aliens
FoOt-Ease. 1t rests and comforts; makes
walking easy. Cures swollen and sweating
feet. blisters and calloQs spots. Relieves
corns and bunions of an pain and is a Ger
tain cure for Chilblains, Sweating, damp
or frosted feet. We have over thirty thou
sand testimonials. Try it today. Sold by
all druggists and shoe stores for Csc. Trial
sted. lie Roy, N. Y.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
Col. Pope viii Govern Guam.

Boston, Jan. e--Lientenant Colonel
Percival G. Pope, U. S. NJ. c., command
er OF the Charleston navy yard, has been
ordered to hold himself in readiness to
proceed to Guam island, in the Pacific.
to command the land and naval forces at
that new station.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
Both Steamers Sank.

Falmouth, Jan. 7.--Fourteen Of the
crew of the British steamer Rosshire, Car
diff, for st. Nazaire, and 10 of the crew
OF the French steamer Duguesclin, Rouen,
for Swansea, were landed here by pilot
boat.
The steamers collided near Trever Head
yesterday and sank. Eleven of the crew
of the French vessel and one of the Ros-
shire's men were drowned.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
ALL AROUND MARKET REPORT.
Wheat Quotations, Wool Figures,
and the Price Of Produce.

Following are the local quotations
Wholesale prices are given unless other
wise quoted:
Wheat at the warehouse - Country
points: Club, bulk 44c, sacked Acc; blue
stem, bulk Acc, sacked Acc. At Spokane;
Club, bulk Ate, sacked 49c; bluesteln, bulk
Acc, sacked SIC.
Oats-At Spokane T. o. b., e1.l0 psl
cwt.
Fsed-Bran and shorts, sl2 per ton
shorts, $l3; bran, $40; rolled barley, $50;
chicken feed, $l5@20.
Corn--Whole, $I.l0 per cwt; cracked
sl.l5.
Barley-Country points T. o. b.. sSc PEI
cwt.
Rye-Country points T. o. b.. 72c PEI
cwt; Spokane, 75c per cwt
Produce-Fancy creamery butter. u
and 6O-lb tubs, Csc per Id; s, 10 and 20
lb tubs, zoe per Id; prints, Csc per lib.
country butter, in rolls, tic per Id; cook
ing butter. loo Id; eastern creamer,
prints, Csc; cheese, twin, full cream, 1917
lb; cheese, twin, skim milk, 9a@lOc ID
ranch eggs, $6.25@85O: selected egg
1915; honey, white comb. l3c per b
fancy, l4c per ID.
Flour, per bbl-Gold Drop, 1915; Big
Loaf, SAILS; Banner, $3.50; Plansifter, q
Superb, 1915; Spokane, $3.50: Swan Pat
emit, $4.l5; Snowflake, 1915; White Lily
$3.50; whole wheat, $3.50; rye, $3.50,
graham, $3.50. Per bale-Whole wheat
sl.s5; rye. sl.sS.
Poultry-Chickens, live weight 9@l0
Id, dressed l0@llc; spring broilers, $50
$50; turkeys. live 9@l0c, dressed ll@
l2ac; spring ducks, dressed ll@l2c; geese
live l0@llc, dressed l2@l21Ac.
Meats-Beef COWS. live S2.5O@2.7t
dressed $5@5.50 cwt; steers, live $2.75@
3, dressed $4,000; hogs, live $4.5O@4.75
dressed s8@6.50; mutton. live 4@4Ac
dressed 7a@Sc; dressed veal, 1886; lamb
l2ac wholesale.
The following prices are paid in Spo
kane to farmers and other producers:
Hay-Timothy, $40 ton; wheat hay
s@s; alfalfa, $ll.
Eggs-Ranch, ,$8.25@850.
Wool-Fine medium, 6@7c per ID, me
dunn, 5@6c per lb.
Observation-Disclosures, $4,000 per cwt
cabbage, $l.50@l.75 per cwt; turnips, u
per cwt; onions, 10000 per cwti beans
HOLE per ID; carrots, d per swt; beets
el.25 per cwt.
wheat.
.
Portland, Ore, Jan. 8.-Wheat-Walla
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
The shortest Way

The shortest way out Of an attack Of
neuralgia is to use St. Jacobs Oil. which
affords not only sure relief, but prompt
cure. 1t soothes, subdues and ends the
suffering.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11

At rough estimate there are l5,000, 600
pairs of gloves imported into this coun.
try each year.
They are Christ's best friends who seek
to know most about him.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11

us he a successful mani"
eyes, very. He has been mixed up in
three bank failures and succeeded in keep
ing out Of the penitentiary every time"
Chicago News.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
CONSULTING A WOMAN.
Nrs. Pinkham's Advice Inspires
Confidence and Hope.

Examination by male physician d
= hard trial to delicately orgsnized
woman.
She puts II off as long as she dare,
and is only driven to 1t by fear of can.
Ger. polypus, or some dreadful Ill.
Most frequently such a woman leaves
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11

The lockout Of the cotton operatives
in Georgia is now complete. About
$500 persons are out and great destitu.
ton prevails.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
From Head to Foot.

For all aches. from head to foot. St.
Jacobs Oil has curative qualities to reach
the pains and aches of the human fam
lily, and to relieve and cure them
promptly.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11

st. Jacobs Oil cures Rheumatism. ).
st. Jacobs Oil cures Neuralgia. /
st. Jacobs Oil cures Lumbago. j
st. Jacobs Oil cures Sciatica. i.
st. Jacobs Oil cures Sprains.
St. Jacobs Oil cures Bruises. 4,
st. Jacobs Oil cures Soreness.
st. Jacobs Oil cures Stiffness.
st. Jacobs Oil cures Backache.
st. Jacobs Oil cures Muscular Aches.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11

No household is complete without bottle Of
he famous Jesse Moore Whisky. IL is a pure
and wholesome stimulant recommended by all
physicians. Don't neglect this necessity.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11

When coming to San Francisco go to
Brooklyn Hotel, 208-212 Bush St. Ameri
can or European plan. Room and board
LOO to $3.50 per day; rooms 50 cents to
sl.00 per day; single meals rs cents. Free
coach. Chas. Montgomery.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11

Piso's Cure for Consumption has beef
Godsend to MELVIN. B. Mcclellan
Chester. Florida. Sept. II. 1886.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11
HOITT's SCHOOL FOR BOYS.

Now at Burlingame. will remove to its
beautiful new home at Menlo Park. San
Mateo County. Cal. and reopen January
18th, 1899. Address Ira G. Hoitt, Phi. D.,
Menlo Park. Cal.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11

Preserves made Of juniper berries are
made in vast quantities in south Germany
chiefly for the Italian market.
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11

ere Permanently Cured No nts or Nervousness
TIC sfter first days use Of DR.. Kline's Gree
Seryf Restorer; SEND FOR rREE 39.Qo. tris
Arch street, PHILADELPHIA p
Adams County news. [volume] (Ritzville, Wash.) 1898-1906, 1899-01-11

OF the SO sultans who have ruled the
Ottoman empire since the conquest of
Constantinople by the Turks "a have died
violent deaths.