davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23
SJlLDlNC UP BIG GUNS.
Changes in the Method of Making Cam
non and Arrnor.

E. B. Rogers, Of the United States
Navy, has an article in st. Nicholas
on "Big Guns and Armor of Our
Navy" Mr.. Rogers says:
Not so very long ago all euns were
cast by pouring moulten iron into o
mould and then letting it cool slowly;
but it was found that guns made in
that way were not strong enough to
stand the tremendous strain of the
large charges of powder required to
send shot fast enough to enable it
to pierce the steel armor of q modern
ship of war; so the old method of
casting was abandoned as the armor
became stronger, and now nearly all
modern cannon are what is called
''built up"
First long steel tube Of the finest
and strongest metal is made, and
around this are placed, or "shrunk
on" successive cylinders or rings,
one over the other, with the greatest
care and nicely, first the ''jacket" and
then the 'hoops" So nowadays
great gun, instead OF being one piece,
as 1t used to be, is composed of many
parts. The process above described
is called assembling" gun, and in the
place of the short cast-iron cannon of
former days shaped something like big
bottle we have the long, graceful
steel rifles, which look not unlike
gigantic watch-keys. They vary in
size from the small rapid-fre guns a
few hundred pounds in weight, to the
great thirteen-inch "Peacemaker, as
it was fondly called, which tips the
scales at sixty tons-12O, 900 pounds.
All these modern guns are breech-
leaders, and after the shot and powder
have been placed in the powder-cham
Der, the breech is closed by steel
"breech-plug, (which is showed into the
gun and by short turn is screwed
tiSAt into the breech.
The shot or shell has also under
gone change. The round cannon
ball most of us are familiar with has
given way to the "projectile, which
is made of steel, hardened according
to the work it has to do, and in those
which are intended to pierce armored
ships the metal must be SO hard that
the projectile can be fred through
steel armor of thickness equal to
one-eighth more than its diameter,
without its bein broken or materially
injured; for instance, an eight-inch
projectile, according to this rule, must
be capable OF piercing nine-inch
steel plate.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23

A battle in which bucket was the
only prize was fought at Bologna in
1928. The people of Modena had
made raid upon that city and had
carried away, as trophy of victory
the bucket belonging to the publid
well. The expedition of the Bolognese
to recover this bucket forms the basis
OF the famous poem Of Tassoni, "Ths
Rape of the Bucket"
''Thelr captain. who no worthier spoil
could show
Than this same bucket conquered from the
foe,
Caused 1t in form of trophy to advance
Before the troops, sublime upon lance"
Detroit Free Press.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23

The highest recorded temperature
in Porto Rico is lit degrees Fahren-
heit, but such heat is phenomenal,
the mercury rarely rising above
ninety-seven. This is "pretty con-
siderable hot" sure enough, but the
prevailing northeast winds alleviate
the discomfort amazingly. The rainy
season is not identical with Cuba's s,
but begins with August and ends with
December. The heaviest rainfall re-
corded was in 1878, when it aggregat-
ed eighty-one inches. The average
annual precipitation is sixty-four and
half inches. The average yearly
rainfall in New York for the past six
years was a trihe more than forty-two
inches, s,-New York Press.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23
GOOD ROADS NOTES,


A writer in Industries and Iron re-
marks that Macadam at first tolerated
stones large enough to pass through
ring two and q half inches in diameter,
but afterward said that "any stone
which exceeds an inch in any of its
dimensions is mischievous. He did
not lay foundations, either, as Telford
did. But the modern practice differs
IN this respect, as also in the use of
some sort of binding material to hold
the stones together. Industries and
Iron continues as follows:
Among the earlier modification of
Macadam's system which have since
been adopted with varying success
may be mentioned that of Thomas
Hughes, who laid foundation of
gravel and lime on which he placed an
ordinary macadamized road. As the
substratum was less liable to work to
the surface than soft soil, the road re-
tanned its form longer and was less
productive of mud. Another modifi-
cation was that of Mr.. Baylis, who
first laid three-inch bed of two-inch
cubes, which were allowed to become
nearly consolidated by the traffic.
Upon this he laid another three-inch
bed of similar cubes, covering the
whole with thick gravel binding.
This was followed in his suburban
practice. In roads for towns Mr..
Baylis laid a six-inch bed of granite
cubes at one operation, covering it
afterward with a coat of clean gravel
or roadmetal screenings.
"Another modification was that of
Joseph Mitchell, of Inverness, who
introduced system Of concrete mac
adam. This consisted of granite cubes
of the usual macadam size spread over
the road to the required thickness. A
strong grout of Portland cement and
sharp sand was then we'll raked in,
and the road was rolled to a uniform
surface. Roads thus made were found
to possess greater solidity, and to be
less productive of dust and mud than
ordinary macadam. They were conse-
quently more durable, but after time
the surface was found to wear irregu-
larly, owing principally to it's rigidity
and the difficulty of securing uniform
ity in the admixture of the materials.
ga good suggestion for the founda-
ton of macadam road is a bed of
Stag or hard foundry refuse from six
inches to eight inches thick, which
does not choke, but always affords
natural drainage. We believe this
foundation has been tried with fair
amount of success in some of our iron
making districts. In place of Stag a
layer of stones of the same thickness
might be used, but should not be
rolled, as they then bind better with
the surface layer, while rolling would
close up the interstices and impede
the drainage. Upon the bed thus
formed coating of l! inch metaling
is spread, increasing from thickness
of two inches at the curb to three
inches or four inches at the crown.
The whole is then run with hot mix
ture composed OF two pounds of pitch
to thirty gallons of tar, and proper
ton of dry, sharp sand and fine
screened gravel, which should set firm
and rough on cooling"
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23

A Boston minister was once perform
ing the marriage ceremony for a
couple in his church. The BRIDE
groom was manifestly scared and his
responses were scarcely audible, while
those of the bride, who was perfectly
self-possessed, were clear and distinct.
In the middle of the ceremony the
bride gave the bridegroom sharp
nudge with her elbow and said in
shrill whisper:
Louder, man, louderw-Detroit
Free Press.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23

ence of our troops in Cuba and Porto
Rico, where the highways are SO
wretched as to be scarcely worthy the
name. General Roy Stone, the au-
thority on roadmaking, is at the front
and has been teaching our boys prac-
tical work along this line. Upon their
return to civil life it is fair to pre-
sumo that the thorough appreciation
OF good roads will bear fruit in a de-
termined effort to secure such in their
respective sections.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23

No higher tribute could be paid to
n warship's crew than that paid by
Captain Evans to the men of the Iowa:
$50 long as the enemy showed his
flag they fought like American sea-
men, but when the flag came down
they were as gentle and tender as
American women" In that pregnant
sentence is the whole philosophy of
military heroism.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23

More and more is the machine en-
croaching upon the fields where
formerly the handworker held full
sway, says the Dry Goods Economist.
This not entirely new observation is
suggested by our latest advices from
Paris as to fall and winter styles. 1t
seems that trimmings of all kinds will
be profusely used i'll costume and gar.
ment decorations, and that this style
has been brought about largely by the
dressmakers in an endeavor to bring
into popularity something that could
not be produced by machines Judg-
ing from present reports, however,
they reckoned without their host; for
the modern mechanical devices are
capable of reproducing even the finest
and most delicate designs wrought by
the cunning hand of the seamstress or
maker Of embroidery. OF coul Sc,
there are some applications and figures
that cannot be made on machines; but
nevertheless suck a high state of per-
feetioa has been attained in this direc-
ton that there is but precious little in
his line that the machine cannot re-
produce with a fidelity to handwor.i
that is startling, and so close is the
imitation in many instances that only
the expert eye can detect the diIar
ence.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23
The Horses of Manila.


Mr.. Wallace Cumming writes Of
"Life in Manila" for the Century. Mr..
Cumming says:
Among the first things to impress a
stranger are the horses. Descended
from horses brought from Mexico,
they have become much smaller, while
they are also much more shapely. In
fact, l have never seen er-look- :
ing breed. There is nothing of the
pony about their shape, though in
size they range between forty eight
and fifty-two inches. AT first it looked
absurd to see them ridden by big men
whose stirrups hung down to the
horses knees; but L soon found out
that they easily carried rider weigh
ing two hundred pounds. The for
eigners have a jockey club, which
holds two meetings year at the beau
tiful turf track at Santa Mesa. To
avoid sharp practice, members of the
club only are eligible to ride. This
necessitates a scale of weights start
ing at one hundred and thirty-two
pounds and rising to one hundred and
fifty-four pounds. 1t demonstrates
the speed and strength of these minia-
tures horses that mile has been run
in two minutes and ten seconds by
pony carrying one hundred and fifty
pounds. Only stations are used No
body walks; everybody rides; and on
any special fiesta thousands of car
riaSes fill the streets. / doubt if there
is city In the world that can turn out
half the number of private vehicles in
proportion to the population.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23

1t is felt in Vermont that the good
roads cause has received a et-back,
but efforts are being made to revive it
and secure favorable action from the
next Legislature. The State highway
commission which existed for several
years possessed little authority, but
served good purpose as bureau of
information. In 1894 their powers
were enlarged, public meetings were
held in each county, road officials and
citizens were interested in the work,
improved methods of maintenance
were adopted, and the roads were kept
in better condition without increase of
expense. The legislature of 1896,
however, abolished the commission,
thus leaving the movement without q
head and causing Generalization. In
the fall, sample road under govern
ment supervision is to be constructed,
at Vergennes. and it is hoped that it
will be followed by revival of activity
in highway Improvement.
Soldiers Appre eciate Good Roads.
The good roads movement may re-
ceivc an impetus through the expert
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23
Experiment With Wide Tires.

Tt will give to bicycle liders who
have secuted wider tires some satisfac-
tion to know that in series of expert
ments made by the Missouri Depart
ment of Agriculture it was found that
it required much less trouble to pull q
loaded vehicle having wide tires than
when narrow tires were used. This
was found especially true on poor
roads. While the use of wider tires
is growing among American riders it
is peculiar circumstances that in
England tires are being made narrower.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23

The London Saturday Review says:
"Ihe lesson of all our conflicts with
America was that the American soldiers
and sailors shot markedly better than
Our own and won astonishing victor
les. 1t looks as if the old lesson holds
good to-day"
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23
Age Veneration I'm Africa.

There Is no section of the globe in
which veneration for age is carried to
such great extent as among the in
habitants of West Africa. For the
men who have been success sful in
trade, in the pursuit of war, the hunt,
in the councils of state or in any other
way have distinguished themselves
above their fellows, the respect shown
amounts almost to alteration, and pro-
portionately so when they have at.
tanned to advanced age. The younger
members of society are trained during
their childhood to bestow the utmost
Difference on age. They must never
come into the presence of aged per-
sons or pass by their dwellings with
out taking off their hats and assuming
a crouching gait. When seated in
their presence it must always be at q
respectful distance. If they happen
to approach near enough to hand an
aged man lighted pipe or a glass of
water the bearer must always fall upon
one knee.
Aged persons must always be ad-
dressed as "father" or "mother."
Any disrespectful language or deport-
ment toward such persons is looked
upon as misdemeanor of no light
moment. A youthful person carefully
avoids communicating any disagree
able news to such persons and usually
addresses them III terms of fattery
and adulation. And there is nothing
which young person so much de-
precates as the curse of an aged per-
son and especially that of his own
father. San Francisco Examiner.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23

1t Is said that patient in a Dela-
ware hospital had thirty epileptic
fits in two days and apparently ex-
perienced no unpleasant effects from
them" This seems to be a clear case
of the survival of the fttest.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23
Good Roads in Porto Rico.

General Miles must have considered
the advantage of good road when he
selected landing place in Porto Rice.
Leading to the capital is a macadam
road sixty miles in extent. Perhaps
the experience of cycling has some
thing to do with it, for, like Captain
Sigsbee, the head of the United States
Army is devotee of the wheel.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23

"Billingsgate," to describe bad
language, is no longer a correct term,
the vocabulary of London's great fish
market having been improved by the
exertions of the London City Mission.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23
If there are any blowholes in Amer
lean armor plate Spain can't prove it.

OF 500 American war pensioners
residing in foreign countries at the
time of the last report, ten only re-
sided in Spain.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23

According to the London directory
a singular degeneracy seems to be
born of great names in A. d. 1898
Oliver Cromwell is manufacturer Of
clock hands; Martin Luther sells sec
ond-hand furniture; John Milton is q
carpenter; William Pitt is shoe
maker; j. Fenimore Cooper is green
grocer; Henry W. Longfellow is a
broker. In Paris the same degeneracy
of great names is noted. An examina,
ton of Bottin's directory will reveal
that Robespierre is cheese merchant
Moliere is a tailor; Victor Hugo is o
dentist; Chopin doctors sick horses;
Donizetti is glazier; one Boileau is
pork butcher, while another is O
maker of leather straps. We might
even find that the same deplorable
state of degeneracy exists in New
York if we had the hardihood to delve
in the directory of the metropolis
New York Mail and Express.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23
THE PYGMY BANDIT.
BY PAUL PAsrN0H.
.srsiss.fsss ~ NlcN/sIsNssSi
'iNfIN.i#IN r.ftsslNslNsiNSiNgiN NM

Ohm, | see you
are gro in 6
somewhat curl
Gus about my
stuffed eagle?'
remarked Sand
hurst, the detec-
tive, with a
smile, as he
carght my eye
wandering for
the fifth time to
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23

Venice, Italy, has 140, 900 inhabit
ants. OF these no fewer than 40, ,O0(
are enrolled as recipients of relief
that is to say, nearly one-fourth of the
population are paupers.
Freeland tribune. (Freeland, Pa.) 1888-1921, 1899-01-23

SOLDIERS appreciate Good Roads.
The good roads movement may re-
ceivc an impetus through the expert
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1899-10-25
MARRIED.
NtchoIs-Baum.

This afternoon at the home of DR..
and Mrs. Watson Roberts occurred a
wedding fraught with interest not
alone to residents of Marshalltown but
to those Of the county as we'll, owing
to the long residence and prominence
of the contracting parties. Miss X.
Ella Baum was the bride and the
bridegroom was Mr.. Warren Nichols,
of Minerva. The guests to the num-
her of about seventy-five were received
by DR.. and Mrs. Roberts and Mrs.
Rachel Baum, mother Of the bride. AT
Q O'Clock, unattended, Mr.. Nichols and
his chosen bride entered the parlor and
the impressive words Of the ring cere-
mony were read by Rev. III. c. Rich
ardson, of Webster City. During the
ceremony, they stood under a canopy
OF smilax and carnations be-
fore a corner in the parlor, banked
with palms. The rooms were decorated
very prettily with red carnations and
smilax, but the simplicity which
marked all the appointments was the
chief charm of the wedding. The bride
wore a handsome gown of silk crepon
H in black and red and carried American
beauties. Immediately after the cere-
mony, an elegant three course dinner
was served by Mrs. /. B. Haviland, OF
indianapolis; Misses Edith Shears
Agnes Thomas. Mertie Halbert, Ella
Roberts. Nellie Garwood and Pearl
Benjamin. The little tables were dec.
GRATED with smilax and carnations and
J American beauties. Mr.. and Mrs
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1899-10-25
BOUGHT A NEW PUMP.
city Has Purchased One of Increased
Capacity for New Water E1ten-

City Has Purchased One of Increased
Capacity for New Water Exten-
sion.
Councilman William Fisher and SUI
perintendent of Mains F.. u. Mack have
returned from a business trip to Chica-
go, to which place they went for the
purpose of purchasing new pump for
use on the water extension. The city
officials secured new pump for a
price within the appropriation voted for
this purpose by the council. The pump
at present in use on the extension Is the
property of the Glucose Sugar Refining
Company, and the company finds that
IT will need the machine within short
time. The new purchase is a Marsh
pump of a capacity OF 1,225,0oO gallons
every twenty-four hours. AS the flow
Of water into the big we'll has increased
recently, when the new pump is In
stalled a larger supply can be pumped
into the city mains from this source.
The committee believes the amount can
be increased to 100000 gallons per day.
and perhaps more. The pump is to be
delivered before Nov. 10. and will be
placed in position as soon as 1t arrives.
Arrangements will be made then for
humping from the new supply during
the entire winter. The temporary boil
err house at the we'll will be made COM
Portable, and it may be found necessary
to secure another boiler, as the one at
present is in bad repair.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1899-10-25

Architectural designs, its electric street
railway system, its water works and
especially it's beautiful residences!
Why, man! you'll think that you are in
a miniature edition of Chicago to be in
this place and see the business that Is
being done there. AS / looked over and
walked around this little city of thrift
and enterprise 1t struck me forcibly
that they were no common lot of men
who first planned and laid 1t out.
Sometimes, you know, it makes all the
difference in the world as to now
place is first laid out. Marshalltown
bears evidence of the breadth OF the
minds of it's pioneers. No little narrow
minded souls stuck the stakes out for
| this town. Its foundations were indeed
laid broad and deep by men who right
lily comprehended the future of this
noble state, and, not only this, its
superstructure has been erected by
men who have faithfully carried out
the ideas of its founders. don't know
who they are, neither did l meet any
of them that I know of, but take off
my hat in acknowledgement of what
they have done in the working out OF
their faith in the future of their beau
tiful little inland city.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1899-10-25
MARsHALITowN coMpl1MENTED.
Leading Lumbermen's Journal Says
the City Excels and is "a Model.

Leading Lumbermen,s Journal says
the City Excels and isa odel.
The Mississippi Valley Lumberman,
a leading trade journal printed at
Minneapolis, in its current issue says
some nice things concerning Marshall
town. The compliments are worth re-
speating and are here given:
IT visited over forty lumber yards in
Iowa, and from these gathered some
idea of the general condition of the re-
tail lumber interests in the state. /
found all the dealers doing we'll for
themselves, with the exception of two
or three instances. and in these the
dealers were returning their surplus
capital to the community as fast as the
opportunity came to them, for that is
what it amounts to when a red headed
lumber fight is going on In town.
The prettiest little city that saw in
the state-and, for that matter, you'll
use up a long string of mileage before
you'll see a handsomer one anywhere,
lis Marshalltown. 1t will open the
eyes Of the most Dragging easterner
to see It's 12O-foot wide, we'll paved
streets. its 2O-foot wide stone side
walks, its fine, clean looking business
blocks, built on the lines OF modern
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1899-10-25
COUNTY IRE SURER
W. H. Allen II Elkhorn, Wis.
Tsils How He Was Cufed
W of Kidney Disease.

Elkhorn. Wis, Oct. 2s Wv. n. Allen,
Of this place. 10 the treasurer OF Wal
worth county. He was. q victim OF
kidney disease and suffered greatly on
account Of 1t until he, found out that
Dodd's Kidney Pills had cured thou-
rands OF others Of the same disease.
and he began to use them. In q letter
to the proprietors Of Dodd's Kidney
Pills. dated Sept. II. 1899. he tells what
the pills did for him:
II can conscientiously recommend
Dodd's Kidney Pills as being the best
medicine ever took for kidney trouble,
sleepless nights and other trouble
cause by diseased kidneys. obtained
permanent relief from the use of one
box. and take them occasionally now
as know them to be the best Of medi-
cine"
Dodd's Kidney Pills are sold by deal
ers in medicines at 80 cents box or sis
boxes for $3.50. Sent on receipt of price
by the Dodd's Medicine Company. Buf-
falo. N. Y.
Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1899-10-25
Notice of First Meeting Of creditors

Notice of First Meeting of Creditors.
In the District Court of the United
States for the Southern District of
Iowa.
In the Matter of Elwood W. stubbs,
in bankruptcy.
To the Creditors of Elwood W.
Stubs, of Marshalltown in the County
of Marshall and District Aforesaid, a
Bankrupt:
Notice is hereby given on the 25th day
of October, A. d. 1899. that the said Ell
wood w. Stubs was duly adjudicated
bankrupt; and that the first meeting
of his creditors will be held at my Of
flee in Marshalltown, Iowa, on the 9Th
day of November, A. d. 1899, at 10
o'clock in the forenoon, at which time
the said creditors may attend, prove
their claims. appoint trustee, exam
inc the bankrupt and transact such
other business as may properly come
before said meeting.
GRAHAM w. LAWRENCE,
Referee in Bankruptcy.
BINFORD & SMELLING, Attorneys
| Marshalltown, Iowa, Oct. %, 1899