davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
El Paso daily herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1881-1901, 1899-08-05
SCIENTIFIC TOPICS
CURRENT NOTES OF DISCOVERY
AND INVENTION.
Electric Heater for Cars-New Invention
for Which Claims of Superiority and
Advantage Are Made-It Also Acts as
q Radiator.
Terrestrial Magnetism.

Investigation of the subject of the
distribution of terrestrial magnetism
has led to the conclusion thaS the seat
Of the abnormal magnetism is within
the layer of the earth's crust, which
is subject to temperature variations,
and that the layer is thin indeed. To
arrive at a clearer conception Of the
causes Of the unsymmetrical distribu-
ton Of the earth's magnetism. the
earth is supposed to be, in the first
sphere, and then it is proposed to de-
duct the theoretical magnetization
from the actual magnetization at cor
responding points on the earth's sur
face. The chart obtained reveals the
existence of three residual magnetic
north poles and three south poles. The
strongest of the north poles is stu
ated to the east of Patagonia, the
others being in China and the United
States. The strongest residual south
pole is in the French Congo, and the
others are in the Boring sea and near
Tasmania. The most important result
obtained is the determination that this
distribution Of the magnetic Irregular
tiles has some connection with the alb
normal distribution of temperatures.
The Washington Monuments Lightning
The Washington monument, the loft
lest stone structure in the world, has,
according to the description given by
Mr.. N. M. Hopkins, in the Scientific
American Supplement, an ideal install
lation Of correct lightning conductors.
The apex of the monument is an alumni
mum pyramid, from which eight half
inch copper rods extend down to the
base of the stone pyramid forming the
top of the structure. At that point
they bend inward through the mason
ry and pass down the interior of the
shaft. The eight conductors are all
connected on the outside Of the pyra-
mid by heavy rod, and they are all
gold-plated. Two hundred platinum
tipped points, connected with the con-
ductors, connect directly with the tops
Of four iron columns which support the
stairway and elevator. At the base OF
the monument the iron columns are
connected by copper conductors with
the bottom Of we'll twenty feet below
the foundation Of the shaft, the we'll
containing several feet of water and
fifteen feet of sand. Severe electrical
storms do not affect the monument.
El Paso daily herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1881-1901, 1899-08-05

flexible and adjustable shaft from a
star-wheel near the hub of one of the
bicycle wheels, which star-wheel is TO
tated intermittently in a well-known
manner by a striking-piece on one of
the spokes Of the cycle-wheel
El Paso daily herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1881-1901, 1899-08-05
Electric Heater for Cars.

A novel electric heater has just peeh
patented, and already the inventor,
young colored man, has received as
surances that lead him to suppose 1t
will be eventually adopted as the Ia
vorite method of heating electric street
cars. There are many advantages
which, the inventor claims, will tend
to bring his heater success. In the
first place the cost Of it will De but
mere 1.-THE to the price of the electric
street-car heaters now in use. The
cost of such heaters to-day ranges
from $18 to $40. The inventor asserts
that his heater can be made so as TO
retail at a profit for $3.50. Then there
is the size, for the question OF room
is always an element that calls for the
greatest consideration in public con-
veyances. The new heater is only
twelve inches high by eight inches IN
diameter. But the principal point
about it upon which it's inventor de-
ponds for its success rests in the basic
idea upon which it has been conceived.
Most heaters are simply heaters-they
do nothing but create little heat and
then diffuSe it at once. The latest
heater is a radiator. 1t, so 1t is
claimed, concentrates heat, and after
storing up great quantities of that use
full commodity dissipates it gradually.
The inve1 or has proceeded upon the
well-known principle that an exposed
wire carrying 500 volts will not gen
crate more than twenty degrees OF
heat on a cold day when situated in
El Paso daily herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1881-1901, 1899-08-05

a draught, as are all heaters in street
cars; but that this same wire il pro-
tected will give off 600 degrees of heat
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-03-18

when Cespcdes took mp tine standard
OF revolt In 1865. Palma freed all ala
slaves, raised what money he could
upon his tax drained estates and threw
himself into the new movement for free.
dom. He had n mother who was very
devoted to him, and even on the field
this noble woman refused to forsake her
son. The result was that after one Of
the engagements with the spanlards
palma's mother was captured and In
three days diod from the III treatment
and indienitics she received while n
prisoner. IL was this tragic event which
caused her son to take an oath OF eter-
nal hostility and vengeance against the
spnnlards.
A years Imprisonment In n Spanish
castle could not wiring from him prom
isc Of allegiance TO his captors and his
old time oppressors. on his liberation
he returned TO the new world. comne
TO New York. Here blank poverty
stared him In the face. and In his search
for honest employment he drifted down
TO Honduras, where for time he was a
struggling schoolmastcr. Later he be-
came postmaster general. and. failing In
love with President 0uardlola's daugh.
ter. he married that lady and made a
Now that the long looked for end Il In
sight Palma seems 20 years younger. his
eye brighter and his face less carcworn
than II was two years ago.
Another representative OF the high
grade Cuban who IL giving the outside
world the opinion that the island has
men upon II who are not incapable Of
governing II satisfactorily IL General
Capotc. who some time ago was elected
vice president OF the so called Cuban
republic. Although he Il stiii com.
paratlyeiy young man. he II an author
lty ON international law and constitu-
tlonni history. being n graduate Of the
University Of Havana. His learning
will make him n very valuable adjunct
TO the party that In looking forward to
the ultimate Independence OF Cuba.
when the island shall have its own gov
eminent and control It's own Affairs.
Still another remarkable figure who
cannot he forgotten Mt such q time IL
Salvador Cirneror. who mt one time sold
cigars and cigarettes In little tobacco
shop In New York. notwithstanding tho
fact that he In n full FLOODED marquis.
Later he edited a Evolutionary news
paper In Puerto Principe. The press In
his ONCE was driven by q mule. and his
sheet had a wide circulation before tho
spanlards sho, the aforesaid mule and
shut up the Office. Tho subsequent nd-
ventures ~ cisneros would MI vol
ume and are more or less known to the
American public. Many others there
are. too. whom the events Of the last
few years have thrust into prominence
and who are ready 10 show themselves
as living rofu;ationa Of the popular or.
ror that cuba IN n country OF crop de-
stroyinE barbnrians. who are happy on
~ when up 10 the ears In blood. and
whose only conRcnihl employment Ia
the fiouriahinE OF the guerrilla machete.
ARTHUR TITcOMn.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-03-18
Two Royal Engineers.

when King ChulaionEkorn Of Slam
visited Great Britain In 1897. few things
Interested him more deeply than his cx-
curslons TO scenes OF Industry In the
north 81 England. when visiting New
castle. his majesty fingered No long at
the arsenal Of Elswick that his de-
purturc for Leeds was delayed for sew
eral hours beyond the appointed time.
and the municipal diRnitaricr of that
place were kept waiting for n CORE
spending period TO entertain him aud
his suit at n banquet.
That the impressions made then at
Newcastle We're lasting ones has been
abundantly proved. ichaa lately sent
two OF his neph-wH TO England. and
both are engaged on Tyncnidc one at
the locomotive works OF the Northeast
crn Hallway company. the other In the
arsenal at Elswlck.
Ever since the days 81 Stephenson.
the great Inventor, the Tyne valley has
been pre-eminent In this important In
dustry NJ locomotive building. and the
locality II very proud OF the royal scion
now studying there.
The Northwestern railway II nj pres
ent engaged IN putting together new
type Of passenger engine which. II II
hoped. will enable the east coast route
10 hold It's own against It's powerful IL
walls the Northwestern and Midland
railways, for the Scottish tourist and
shooting trniilo In the fall. The locomo-
ives are 10 have xix foot wheels
coupled instead Of four 7 foot wheels
coupled. with a four wheeled truck In
front. The working pressure Of the boil
cru II 10 he 900 pounds. and the engines
viii be the largest and heaviest In use
In Great britain.
II In at the works where these massive
engines are being built that Prince SEES
seri II now going through the mill. Ito
Ii To have the opportunity OF becoming
acquainted with all the detail work. the
idea being that on the conclusion OF his
apprenticeship. 20 10 speak. he In 10 re-
turn 90 Slam ana superintend the con-
Htruoiion and establishment OF a similar
Industry there.
Prince Bovaradlez II nm elder brother
Of sesseri. lie N one OF colony OF stu-
dents and experts engaged at the Els
wick works In inspecting the progress
or manufacture on ships. torpedoeH.
guns and ammunition at the famed
Tyne arsenal. so busy are these works
of the Armstrong; In producing ma
chimes OF war that they never stop. night
or day, Notwithstanding the peace cru
nhdes Of tho Russian czar and Mr..
Stead.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-03-18
Wonderful Csicuiators.

maud and BrandenbourK. the two fa-
nous champions In mental arithmetic
ana rapid calculation. have recently
been giving examples OF Their peculiar
ability before the French Astronomical
society. Here are some OF ~. Innudfs
rapid calculations. with his back turned
TO the blackboard, on which were In
roribod the sums dictated by persons In
the audience. In nine seconds he COM
pleted tho subtraction OF two lines OF Is
figures. In 10 seconds he multiplied five
hgureH by themselves. and In % seconds
I'VE figures by others. He also extracted
square and cube roots with amazing
rapldity and finally recapltulated from
memory all the figures on the black
board without looking at them.
The other arithmeticaI phenomenon,
Brandenbourg, proceeded In a different
manner and looked at the board. lie,
too. showed calculating velocity to an
extraordinary degree. Ms, for Instance.
when he gave the total sum OF ten lines
OF six ngures each almost as soon as
they were down and before the line was
drawn. lie also did some remarkable
multiplication work In few seconds.
The two specialists elected great ap-
plause from the assembled sclentlsts.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-03-18

long before the opening u the Spanish
American war food u conflicting
opinion ON this point was poured forth
by the press and the public men of our
country The one says the Cuban u n
cownrdiy. selfish. ruthless guerrilla.
glorying In the destruction of q pianta-
ton or two per day and incapnbls Of
looking after anything beyond his own
littie Interest u the moment The 9th
cr protests that the Cuban Ia long
oppressed patriot, nghting desperately.
but nohly. Tor his land and bis liberty.
However that may be-. actual expert.
encc has shown ~ that the Cubaua are
neither gods nor angels. to borrow the
phrase Of the poet. but men IN world
~ men Some Of them are good snd
some 81 them are bad like al other
men. n they are not Just what We. az
the godfaihers Of their freedom. could
wish. II must be remembered that the
ahackica ~ the middle ages that have
been binding them down for centuries
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-03-18

THE FUTURE OF CUBA LBRE.

Turning TO his force. the old general
said.
you see before you a man VINO mas
been known as a brigadier. he " y
briradier no more. but after this 'l,ris-
adler Raspadura' tsugar cakel. FROM
this time 1 want no man in cuba to eau
him by any other name Then ,urn
ing To- the degraded officer. he cried'
Take OF those starsi You are us
grace to them, You are no patriot lo'
you can be- bought with a cake Of brown
sugar. You are common peddler o,
privileges and are not NJ to conii'"nu
men. Go down 10 the ranks. where you
belong. and be thankful n my soldiers
oondescend To march alongside OF you.
Another equally interesting parsonage
10 ngurc In cuban reconstruction "
fiartolomo Masso who was elected pres
idcnt OF the Cuban republic two years
ago. Marso IN the son Of family OF
wealth and good standing In the Island
and was graduated from Havana uni
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-03-18

lation ~ almost 1000. 900 mixed peoples
one-haif NJ whom are whites u Cuban
blood 5000 coiored and oyer 10000 uf
Spanish birth and descent without L.
Inhabitants cuba would ho m Eden. No
place on nli this wide earth has more
beautiful climate No hlis on which
grass ever grew have awectcr air. and
when once the accumulated nlth or con-
tuflea n scrapcd m their dcfled surface
there VII be- No moro hoaithful country
10 be- found ln the now world uf the old.
Even under existing circumstances the
climate ~ this sun ftseprd land IL far
more aaluhrluus than " hHH been paint
cd the winter months in cuba are de-
ilghtfui enchanting. In thri. iovrilnos-.
while even The summer months are FAR
more pleasant than We md them In
many ~ our own states The Cuhana
themselves oonaidor The summer months
the most pleasant part N their year
The popular impression NJ tho insalu.
brlty Of the climate OF the Pearl Of the
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-03-18

fed to the shores N cuba for safety
they were pursued hy their eastman
enemies and quickly overcome, and Their
leader was burned NJ The stake The is-
land was parc.ied out among inc span
ish officers. and the captured aborigines
were, converted into slaves TO IN the
rich soil and pour American gold into
the hungry conors " spain.
In little moro than hgif a century.
however. almost tho entire native popu-
iatlon dirappeared so relentless were
the prosecutions of The invaders. Then
Tor three long centuries the Pearl 81 the
Antilles wns condemned by thq opprcss-
ofH to isolation md neglect Her scat
tered inhnbltants Nore forced TO live IN
poverty and suuaior. and during those
drcary 900 Year Spain made no AIDE
quatc or serious step toward the dcvel-
opment OF her cuban colony. nor did
she worry on iot about the well being
~ It's people. whenever sporadic native
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-03-18
Where we have watched Gods hammer forging history
Shall White Winged Peace BROOD golden havests bel

Antilles has arisen from the existence
NJ the atrociouH sanitary condition ~
those different tuwnH nnd cities In which
forvlrncra have been In the habit NJ iiv-
ing ana visiting. The Spnnlufd has over
had a svengalllike dlHdnin for municipal
cleanliness. The sickness which M old
Invariably followed the seasons Will At
once disappear when public hyglcnc re-
ceivca nythinE like The attention which
civic life In the tropics demands
So fir aa the wealth and tho eharac-
ter Of the soil NJ Cuba are concerned. the
home ~ the Havana cigar lH vastly
superior Ia any other tropical land
known a. man with tho one exception ~
Porto llico. 10 has no arid fields no
areas NJ sterile sands ana uu volcanic
debris scattered across uH ever luNuri-
ant face. iiH 100000 acres of un.
cleared VIRGIN forest are n STANDING OK.
ample NJ the most luNurlnnt Vrgctut on
IN tho world II has 100000 acres nf
splendid pasture luqd. nnd although
not 3nn0.OO0 M a. available 90 600 900
acres NJ nrahle lnnd nrc or ever have
been under cultivation, the unhroknn
soil IL merely waiting tor the ploW
share. II tcums with an thu tropical
fruits that supply man with food when
too lndolont ar TOO primitive 90 sow
I wheat and eat bread. II produces the
finest tobacco known 90 the world. and
the very word Havana BE- n guarantee
/ ~ unrlvalrd excellence ln cignrH. us the
l American smoker very Wrll knows The
7 valleys NJ the interior can grow straw
berries IN midWinicr ana noWcrs au the
long year round.
OF the Cuhnns themselves one can
hardly speak with such certainty. and
certainly not with such enthusiasm.
Publr opinion is divided into twocumps
as 60 the character OF the cuban. ana
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-03-18

dead bodies were horribly mutIlated.
soon after this arose the 50 called Ile-
fnrmiHt party, whose manifest object
was 10 secure Cuban rights without Inn
nnlrlng spanish interests. In the mean
tiine the sympathy OF the citizens ~
the Ualted states had been growing 30
active that President Polk offered 10
purchase the island for $4,000, 600. This
was Indignantly refused. Ten years
later proposition WIS made In the SEN
ate IN offer Spain $50. 900. 900 for Cuba,
but the proposition was dropped.
Coming down 10 the latter part or The
century, We ma the cuban struggle for
liberty bringing into prominence those
patriots with whom the reading world
Ii now more or less familiar
Among the conspicuous Cubans who
will In ali probability take an active
ana interesting part In the reconstruc-
tlon OF the island perhaps the most
picturesque figure ~ General Maxine
Gomez. Gomez Is n native OF Snnto Doc
mingo and, beginning his military ca
rrer In the Dominican army, has been
for many years a tighter FOR aud against
the liberties OF small states. This has
led his enemies 10 call him a mere sol
der OF fortune ana TO dub him an adj
Venturor. Hut his own stan adorea and
swcars bythls Cuban Napoleon, who has
always been loyal In his llkings and bit
ter and relentless In his hatreds. AZ one
time. for example, when Gomez was
still at the head Of affairs. he came
across a brigndler In southern Cana
quay who, against his generals orders,
had been permitting paciflcos In his dis
trict 10 sell 'raspadura" (Which II mere
~ brown sugar. to some Of the spanish
garrlsona. General Gomez sent for the
offender. When the culprlt appeared,
tho bugler sounded the assemble"
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-03-18

teen years later the smoldering fires
again broke out In an insurrcction
among the blacks. though II was not
until isN that the Cubnns under Mar
ciso Lopez made any united or effective
stand against spanish domination. The
plans u Lopez. however. did not carry.
though he had among his followers over
500 American volunteers. He was not
discouraged by the FIRST failure. how
ever and In 1851. with several hundr,d
adventurous KentucklanH he made a
descent on the north coast Of the island.
From place 10 place this little band was
pursued by the Spanish forces. His
army was eventually dispersed. and 100
~ his men were taken prisoners. Then
began that systematic policy Of absolute
cruelty which marked SPANS treat
fncnt of the Cuban until American arms
swept her last soldier from the island.
Colonel crittendcn was among the great
body ~ soldiers condemned 10 death.
The Earrote was put In use. and the
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-03-18

have lust been broken, ana TINT intel
irrtunl cmancipatlons do not. na a rule,
prcccde political emnnCipationH
hut the one Characteristic failing ~
the cuban h his falth In "mnnaun." or
Tomorrow Fof centuries now the Gu
han has lived In the yesterday lie
has neglected hls today and put thing.
on until "manana." II may BE- that his
Tomorrow h at last coming. ana IL
may be- that his new position and his
new liie viii give him new energy and
o. now outlook, but that only time aud
experience VIII show.
The problem now before the United
States is just how 60 bring about tho
rrcuusttuciion Of this country. drvns.
tuted hy centuries OF tho most destruc.
tive warfare. How shall the blood
stained mnchste BE- turned into the hu-
collie plowHhnrr9 what shall be- done
with the cuban army And how lonr
shall our military occupation ~ the iH.
land ondurrf
Bofore answering such questions of
the future one must first go back 20 the
past From the day of ~ discovery
Cuba has been nm island NJ hloodshud.
Il was on his ilrst voyage westward
That Columbus discovered what h. then
called the island of "Iuana' q. days aft
or hla FIRST Hight of land In this hemi.
sphere, Nineteen years later. when pie
go NrlnH1uor undertook tho conquest NJ
tho island. the natives. who had nt first
Thought their white visitors had come
down from heaven were quickly and
ruioIy dlsahused of that Idea. Then ia
was that the first act NJ the Ions drama
ot Cuban strugglc began. Those six
tcenth century spnnlards treated the
natives with revolving hnrshness and
nniult" that even out Wcylcrcd Wty.
lHr. When the Indians on the mainland
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-03-18

rushed In whore European angels feared
20 tread there ~ ilttlu reason To doubt
that our regeneration ~ cuba. the IN
rated ANA long oppressed. viii be- along
lines that are both liberal and compfc-
henaiVe. cautiously nH We may Hot
about the execution Of our task
II ~ something more than a cheap
epiEram and a mere paradox IN say that
the lesson which the past has taught
not only 10 the United states. hut also
TO every other grrat power. ia that ITO
restore country 10 TO restore II to It's
own people"
our aim In cuba Tor this reason will
he to supervise the restoration NJ law
and order ana when the time H. ripe tn
make over the island 10 the pcopl"
whose homes ana interests and nncc-
tons are and have been centered on Cu-
ban soil II seems very simple thing
10 say, but that the carrying out ~
such AN undertaking IL stupendouH
problem every one who has looked into
the situation IN ready enough TO admit,
England, older and Wiser In such
things, has shown ua that the easiest
and surest way IN Ia carry railway
and q college behind our cannon. But
the reconstruction Of countries cannot
he effected onhand by an admlnintrn-
ton, ana obviously the nrHt thing be-
fore IA II To look a little more closely
into the character OF the country and
the peoples among whom We are 90
start calling the living 20 school"
Cuba, the Pearl of the Antilles, is 7ot
miles long and has an area " over a. 90,
square miles. II ~ one-fourth as larv,
again ms Ireland ana covers more OF the
land surface OF this globe than does 81,
ther Ohio or Virginia, being In fact
about the size Of New York state II
has 200 mites of coast line and popu.