The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-11-01

were opened shortly afterwards. The
more recent laboratories are purely by
gienic. The first hygienic laboratory was
founded in Munich in 1878 All depar~-
ments were represented and the great
problems such as garbage, water sup
ply, epidemics, etc, were taken up and
studied, and the city has been lnestina-
bly, helped. A great impulse came from
the discoveries in bacteriology and hy-
gienic laboratories We're rapidly organized
all over Germany and all over the world.
The epidemics have been beneficial to he
human race, as they have brought be-
fore the people in forceful way the
needs of precaution, and the value of
public laboratories.
Laboratories connected with sta.e
boards of health, with colleges, and espe-
ciaIly with municipal boards of health
have been sprlnging up all oyer the cCun-
Try, and are found to be Of grea- as
sistance to physicians in diagnosing dis
eases In these laboratories, Ginh heria
is studied and the proper methods Of a =
ministering anti-tOXip are discovered by
experiment. The diagnosis of tubercu-
loss and Of typhoid and malarial fe -ers
can be made with great exactneSs.
Typhoid fever is preventable, and If the
laboratories were made more open to
the general practitioners, that disease
would be discovered in the very earliest
stages. Preventative measures should he
taken at the first onset of the disease.
The laboratories have introduced more
exactitude and better me thods in the
boards of health, and have caused younger
and more active men 10 become interest
ed in the work. and in genel al the tone
of the boards.
The meeting of the psychologists this
year was a somewhat unusual occurrence,
but Mr. Welch stated that he hoped that
the meetings would be continued, and
49, Lob +O,-Tr omit or L
ever it might be called, should be con-
sidered a part OF the association
The other paper of the afternoon was by
Mrs. Ellen H. Richards, of Boston, on
the subject Education Institutions in
Relation to Expert and Commercial
Work" After speaking of the CONNER
cial chemist of the wide range of sub
jects on which he may be asked to make
a report, and of the great value of the
work, she stated that there were great
opportunities for the expert to gain large
quantities of money by allowing his name
to be used in connection with some spuri-
Gus article. Mrs. Richards declared that
no expert should be open to such chances
and that especially should the college
professors be free from the love of money.
THE university chemist should not give
his services and should not charge less
than a man in a private laboratory, but
If anything should charge more, as on ac
count of his position he would be expect
ed to be an expert, and so have very
competent assistants under him. The
name of the university must be preserved,
and as result there must be nothing
but the very best of work, and absolutely
no faint of advertising purposes.
The principal discussion of the morn
fng's session was on yellow fever. DR.. II.
B. Horlbeck, Of Charleston, read the re-
port Of the committee on the "Etiology
of Yellow Fever" Dr. Eduardo Liceaga
gave a description of the sanitary stations
about to be established in Mexico to pre-
vent the spread of the fever, and also read
report on cases observed in Mexico DR..
Ismael Prieto, also OF Mexico, presented
a report on the data for the bac-
THEOLOGICAL study of yellow fever, and
DE- Narclso del Rio presented a report on
the necessity Of making a complete and
general disinfection Of vessel in order
to make it ef1cacious, and proving that a
partial disinfeciOn is useless Yellow
FEVER as preventable disease, was treat
ed by DR.. Antonio Matienzo.
A very interesting paper on 1.-THE In
huence Of Forests on the Public Health"
pY Or. Juan Brenna, of Mexico, was read
by DR.. Bracken.
Inc executive committee reported fav-
oraple action on a resolution specifying
tnal all members who have advanced to
the presidency by the death of the presi-
uehl snail have their names enrolled in
the list of eX-presidents after their re-
tirement from office. The report was
adopted.