The Hawaiian gazette. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, 1899-11-03


beng suincient ivi Supplying AL nee
essay steam tor the mousse.
lhe canes aie crushed by q tribe
set OF mills with maceration Of hot
water on the basassc coming from the
second mill. Sometimes the canes aie
cut or sliced by Ross cutter or shred
der ana then submitted to a triple
crushing with maceration.
Diffusion is only used In few fac
tories but dad not fnd many admirers,
too much fuel TO evaporate the water
again.
Inc juice is clarified with lime. Most
factories following the usual defeca-
ton process, whist some forty have
adopted the carbonatation process,
which Is more expensive than the for
mer but is indicated for the proper
treatment of viscous and gummy cane
juices. Every factory has its settlers,
'scum-presses, triple or Quadruple evap-
orators, vacuum pans. centrifugals. and
in short all modern sugar house ma
chinery. The capitalization IN move
ment combined with draining the first
molasses In the h,rst sugar masse
cuites, has made rapid progress in ia
va and contributes to the suppression
of after-product, without affecting the
quality Of the first sugar.
AS rule only three kinds Of sugar
are made, viz, sugar for the European
market No. 16 Dutch standard, and be-
yond testing net SO and beyond; sugar
for the American market or so-called
Muscovados, under No. Is Dutch STAN
dard, testing net so to 80, and the So
called BLACK syrup" Both sugars for
the European and American market
are obtained by ,entrifugaling first SUI
gar masse cuites. After curing and
covering, they are dried by hot air in
big revolving drums and packed in
bamboo baskets lined with palm-leaf
mats. containing one-third of a ton.
The second bOilings, as far as they are
not suppressed by the disqualification
in movement. are centrifugalled, COW
cred and returned again in the juice in
the CHARTERS. The third boilings can
no more be centrifugalled; they are
boiled smooth, very close and run into
big tanks, where they are allowed to
crystalline for some months.
After this the crystallized mass is
poured into mat bags, the superlluous
mOlasses drains off and the resulting
dry mass. consisting of equal parts of
me sugar crystals ana adhering mo-
iasses is put III tne bags ana sou as
Diack syrup. 10 Europe, ior brewing
purposes me exhausted moiasses Is
either thrown away or sold to distill-
ers.
The grinding season Is a very busy
one, all the planting and manufacture
ing have to be finished in the five or six
months OF ury weather, ana the hiaha7
ger ana ms stan are busy from morn
ing TO night, ana as the mills go on
srihuins the who're ,wehts-iour Hours'
also at nighttime, looking aiter the
transport OF cane TOPS Oh cane ana Oh
sugar ana aiter the various operations
IN the factory.
Usually the european staii CONSISTS
oI ihahaeer; TWO OF ,nree neio o'er-
see!s, chei,,cal man III eharse Vi lne
factor! anu ms ASSISTANT two vi .hree
ensiheers. pookkeeper anu some as
sis.ah.s ior "eisnlhs .he Ganes' sur
ve!ihs tne so,uoWns, etc. All the o.ner
work Is uohe ny naC,'e lapore,s anu ar
tisahs' anu lew Sninanen III cnarse
vi 'he vacuum pans anu evapora,ors'
loI wn'.i WIN tne! are n'ol1 ..us'-
mol,hs .nah 'he seneIails ea,ei.ss ia
torv hands have a 6xad annoin.men,
nm Tho asia,es All tho o,her Iahorars
are only emnloved whenever there Is
work for them So the estate need
NOT Keen nm large bodies of coolies the
whole year rnrno hnt send word to
n,tiva y,lIaoos u,hanoyor ,hav want Ia
horers and 5ecause the wages are nret-
~ fair tbev arc err, IN Chain them
The Enroneans and their families
have their InIpings an Tho factory con-
nannd hut ali he native and chinese
workmen live in their own villages
close Inv at their own cost w;thout tho
estate having for their keen.mn
AI,hnmvb The sugar ;nJustrv is en-
varaIv menaced hw var,ous diseases
and an;maI meets vet tho nianters have
.nccsadad IN ;ncrsas;ng their ontnm,
which taken ma a whole 10 larger than
In any other cane-grouiny Country
This 10 mainly due m the favorable iii.
mate and the deem fertile volcanic