Daily camera., 1899-07-10
AFFECTS RAILROADS.
Cold Weather Makes Difference In
the Work of Engines
A. the Mercury FaIIs So the Nunbss
of Freight Cars Haul ed by One
Locomotive Falls Also
Interesting Facts.

THE weather can't get any too hot
to suit me professionally" said train
dispatcher on one of the big railroads
Warm weather is the most favorable
for the business of running trains, and
the colder the weather the more diff
tculty we experience in keeping the
yards and storage tracks free of cars
At this season of tbsyear we make W
train of in the neighbOrhood of 90
cars--of course, we are speaking OF
the freight service-and this number
will gradually increase with the ap
proach of warm weather until we reach
a maximum of about IS cars train
These are only the figures, you un.
dersand of my particular division
They will vary on other divisions anG
other roads, according to the grades
and other physical characteristics.
Neither do these figures apply to the
fast freights, which nowadays come
from San Francisco to New York fully
as quickly as letter and nearly a.
quickly as an uninc passenger
can make it.
THE minimum number of cars to
train is reached during the most severe
winter weather. Then the average
falls down to about As. During the
coldest weather of this winter we die
not dare to use more than 40 to a train
The difference is due to the resistance
of the train, l should say. It's all right
as long as the train is kept in continual
motion, but the moment it stops the
trouble begins. The oil that lubrcates
the axle congeals SO that the train is
what we call frozen after it stands for
short time. l have seen every wheel
in train slide, and the cars must not
exceed in number those that the mo.
tive power can start with the brakes
set. You see it costs as much money
and energy to run train of 40 car.
as it does one of so cars-very often
more. This means that in a traffic OF
1,7OO cars day it takes 40 engines in
the winter to 20 in the summer, and
train crews, switching facilities. stor-
age room and operating expenses all
in proportion. Besides all this, there
are always delays and complica tions
coming up that are directly traceable
to the cold. Frozen steel is almost as
brittle as SO much glass, and everything
from the rails up is subjected to q
greater strain when in this state OF
contraction. Valves and pipes filled
with hot steam freeze with incredible
speed with the thermometer at Is de.
grees below zero, and the locomotive
going at the rate of 20 miles an hour.
Engineers are held as strictly account
able as ever, but these accidents do hap
pen to the best of them, and each aoci
dent causes SO much additional delay
There is only one thing worse thar
cold weather and that is cold weather
with snow. For its size aud capabili.
ties an engine in snowstorm is the
most helplessly stupid thing imagin-
able. locomotive does not push the
snow to one side and make path for
ltseh. 1t seems to wallow around in il
and takes most of it along with it, ap.
Parently for the purpose of decorating
the running gear. L. isn't long before
an engine is loaded down with half q
ton Of ice, and throughout the train
the friction causes the snow to melt
just enough to freeze tighter than il
ordinarily would. The brake blocks
accumulate enough ice to make the
wheels slide, and if the train ever comes
to halt in this condition she is apt tc
stay right there until dug loose. Los.
ing trains isn't 50 bad, but our busy
day comes when we begin to find them
again. There is not only the point Of
congestion to overcome, butit must be
overcome with the least possible de-
lay to the traffic that continues to pour
in upon us from both directions.
'On the whole" concluded the train
dispatcher, you will see why there is
no bluebird in the land more gleeful
than I at the approach of warm
weather."-N- Y. Sun.