davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1899-02-09

Ne.s-e II ----s= r.ss1 20 -.5 @-e.i-tC-ss sac
All others saz=rszz-sl II 80 e-s-'= ~ HsaEg
~-hGsrs nan .tzceeze. - ~ J. t--ts -el-lcl = q
s4--s,.-z-~a-r#x q -z.i -a- So .r--E. - a-s--
al se-yl eslssat thereof, q ta- z--i err -
- Pa-az County Probate ry-Ti- Do bst4s
rcu1ty state Of Missouri. - p a@i- b H-+l-t
q '4e 49, Lula SCaLICENAS,
7n-u LAdEsInistTstJtz-
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1899-02-09

Whereas Z { Wilson and Mary Wilson, his
wife, by their deed Of trust dated January l.
I-.t., and recorded ii the Recorders Office within
and for Bates county, Missouri, in book No az
the following described real estate lying and
being situate in the County Of Bates and state
of Missouri. UO-W4t
Lot six 10 in the northw quarter Of section
four a. and lot seven - IN the northwest quar-
ter Of section four a. in township thirty nine
fig} Of range thirty Gy) except beginning a. the
northeast corner Of said lot seven a, running
thence south twenty-five fz5) rods. thence west
one hundred and TWEEN ty-eight tlS-j rods thence
north twenty i've f2JJ rods, tnenFe east one
hundred and tWenty-sight fl2-i rods - Begin
ming: also except five and 0ne-thlTd % l-5j acres
whining Al the northwest corner Of -ald lot
seven o. running thence east thIrty-two 81
rods thence south tWenty-EiE and tTo-tflIT15
% 2-3i rods thence west thIrty-tH0 o. rods
thence north tWeufy-siN and tWO-thiri- - 20
rods 70 beginning. leaving one hundred ana
thfrtv-fV- fl3JB srTE= more or less hereby con-
yevef. which uyeyancs made II
trust 10 secure the payment Of one ctrtain
note futlv Gp-rr. Bsd I'D said deed Of trust ana
whereas default Ba- been made IA tns
uavrueut 81 the auHuzl Interest On sara
EoLe and whereas. sctyTIli1G - M t'TLi-- al
tons of tn. a5d ngce and deed ~ trust.
Surf default rendered tU- whole a@bi due ana
laFatl- 81 once. ANA tae SAM IT, nov Da-i L.ir
and uHuaEt Sow therefore, AZ the "a H+-t " TIE
Ep.-aE hs5tdrr u sad note and pcr- can't t. ~
rf5r.si1 rs OF SAID deed ~ trust FslLl irp.-l
y--u.I.-. to rle highest bidder for T1-I - NJ
80. iron. la-rr a- "a ralT- aoE-. 20 =. --t OF
J.s--sar Comfy 81 bats AM s.ate ~ y --sFa o.
FRIDAY. F-ar-arg b.. l--r.
between sss- LaaF- - r-a- 9.r..-H go lle 1sre-
zr.s. sr So -es.--s -a .1. 4t-ars.-FH FL. tif--
-isv. for sh- uurrsz- - ----.slae -4.l aea.s
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1899-02-09
The Dreaded
Consumption
II A. Slocum, NJ. c., the Chemist and
Scientist, Will Send Free, to the
Afflicted, three Bottles of his
Newly Discovered Rene
dies to Cure COnsump-
ton and All Lung
Trouble.

l-Nothing could be fairer, more philanthropic
loI carr more joy TO the afflicted. than the
eaer OF T. A: Slocum. NJ. C., of lS3 Pearl
street, New York CITY
confident that he has discovered an absolute
eafe Tor consumption and all pulmonary COM
paints, and to make its great merits known
y VIII send, free, three bottles of medicine
= any reader of the BUTLER WEEKLY TIMES.
sAo Is suffering from chest, bronchial. throat
saa lung troubles or consumption.
already this new scientific course of medt-
sAe mas permanently cured thousands of
apparently hopeless cases.
II me Doctor considers 1t his religious duty
ss.u9Iy which he owes TO humanity-to donate
3sinfallible cure
yaered freely, is enough TO commend 1t.
49, more so Is the perfect confidence of the
sius' chemist making the proposition.
~ hss proved the dreaded consumption to
cnraoie disease beyond any doubt.
aaaere Will be no mistake in sending-the
I. .a..e Will be in overlooking the generous
s..saSstlon. He has on file In his American
~ - european laboratories testimonials of eX-
Eorld NAeN 4" "A' pa" ~
Spon delay until too late. Address t. A.
rrssVun, NJ. C., IS Pine street. New York, and
III saga writing the Doctor please give express
"a, Fossothce address, and mention reading
~ article in the RTTLER WEEKLYTIMEs l-lyr
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1899-02-09

a
of the Tribal Funds for Those Who Em-
terate-Caucu> ON Monetary Legislation
The He burn Nicaragua Canal ISiIl
Washington. Feb. 3.-A number Of
ladies' prominently identified with the
Daughters of the Revolution were be
fore the house committee on military
affairs to-day in reference TO the bin
proposing permanent corps Of nurses
for the army. The delegation included
Mrs. Margaret AstOr CHAMBER, Of New
York, who served as a nurse in Porto
Rico: Mrs Anita Newton McGee. who
is an assistant surgeon in the United
States army; Mrs Winthrop Cowden,
of New York, president of a commit
tee to forward this plan; Mrs j. Ellen
Foster and Mrs Bayard Cutting.
Maj Gen. Wheeler, Gen. Henderson
and several other army men were
present. Miss Chanler urged the de
STABILITY of a corps OF trained female
nurses and cited the experiences at
Porto Rico, where she said there was
lack of efficient organization, in sup
port of the plan. Mrs. McGee read
letters from Surgeon General Stern
berg approving the general plan, but
particular means proposed for execut-
ing the plan. The committee has not
vet acted on the bill.
Plan to Take Indians to Mexico.
Washington, Feb. 3. Elmer f. Todd,
representing a large numbe of the
Cherokee and Delaware Indians. was
at the interior department yesterday
to make certain inquiries in connec-
tS-ifl n fph ha
the removal OF some of these Indians
from the Indian territory to Old Mex
co. He wanted to know whether the
Interior department would oppose a
proposition to pay to all Indians desir-
ing to leave the terri tory their pre-
rata of the funds of the tribe. Acting
Secretary Ryan, with whom he talked,
would not commit himself. Mr.. Todd,
in speaking to the interior depart M n
officials OF his plan, said the rem oval
of the Indians to Mexico would rid
them of the competition of the white
man in the Indian territory. which
they are incapable of meeting. He
will endeavor to have bills introduced
in the house and senate giving all In
dams who desire to go into the colo
nization scheme which he is fostering
right to withdraw their pro rata
share of the tribal funds.
Caucus on Al onetary LegisIatIo l.
Washington, Feb. 3. - Action was
taken last night by the republicans of
| the house for the purpose of united
action upon the subject of monetary
legislation in the next congress. \
resolution was adopted by u vote of s.
| in the affirmative and four in tia neg
ative for the appointment of caucus
committee to consider none tary legis-
| lation and make recommendation at
| the first session of the next congress.
| The committee is to consist of II mem
| bers of the house who are memb rs
| elect of the next house.
| The Hepburn Nicaragua Canal BiiL
| Washington, Feb 3.-The house
committee on interstate and foreig
commerce to-day directed a favorable
report on the Hepburn Nicaragua
| canal bill, with amendments. as sub
stitute for the Morgan bill passed by
| the senate.
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1899-02-09

We Will Give,You a 81 Watch
II you will show our publication TO vour
friends. We don't want YOU to sell them
snything The watch is made By a we'll
known American hrm, in two sizes, ehildren's
and adults nickel or gold plated hunting
case and tuliN guaranteed. Send cents for
particulars. Overland, "a Park Row, New
ork City.
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1899-02-09
CORPS OF ARMY NURSES
Daughters of the Revolution APP
pear Before a House Committee
to Advocate the Project.
PLAN 70 TAKE INDIANS TO MEXICO.

wares Wants q >Fcure4 Pro Rata Sha re
of the Tribal Funds for Those Who En-
tGrate-Caucu< ON Monetary Legislation
The He burn NicA ragul Canal Bin.
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1899-02-09

las Weekly Globe Democrat i,su ed Semi emf wsG5
Twopa
from
sformin
Comprehensive NEWS StRN ICE OF any
IN not the world
las The Weekly GLOBE nEM h IA Is sqa'y yad
the of current ana he s
devoted 'The Home, For
highest It's MAthEI hEfOti0 ~ JUN"
tpete detaiLa
In Word Weekly GlOBE-DEMOCRAT complete news
intelligent thoughttui
in
charge, OF request
Adde'S THE GLOBE PRINTING co, St. Louis, Mo.
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1899-02-09
ELY'S
CR EAM BAL !

contains no cOcaiu .
mercury nor any 9th
n iUjurous drug !.
Is quickly absorbed
Gives relief a. once
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-01-22

into Rio, Buenos Ayres, Montevideo
and other large ports. I am told that
this company expects eventually to
have a regular line of coal and cargo
steamers for the South American
trade. Such steamers would carry
coal to South America and bring back
hides, wool and coffee to the United
States. At present the freight rates
on Cardiff coal are about so cents per
ton lower than the rates paid to the
steamers carrying American coal. Such
a steamship line would pay, and would
largely conduce to the building up Of
trade between the United States and
South America.
HIDES, WOOL, STREET RAILWAY.
Indeed. all the chief industries of the
country offer chances for American
investment, if our capitalists will send
good men to manage the business.
Our business brains are equal to those
of any of the foreigners who are now
operating in the Argentine We can,
If we will, have our share of the prof
it's.
This is especially so in the matter
Of hides and cattle. AS to hides, the
most of those exported by the Argen-
tine go to the United States Our
shoes are largely soled with Argentine
leather, and this should not give a
profit to Englishmen. We take, in
fact, more than 100000 dry OK hides
of the Argentine every year. In many
cases the animals are killed for their
skins, the hides being fastened to
stakes to dry and shipped without
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-01-22
ST. PAUL PARK.

The Home and Country club met with Mrs.
Payne Thursday Mrs. De Cou read an
original short story. Mrs. Adolf Anderson
gave the current events. Mrs. John Weeks
gave reading. The following are officers for
the coming year: Mrs. De Cou, president;
Mrs. Prentiss Clark and Mrs. Adolf Anderson,
vice presidents; Miss Grace Miller, secretary
and treasurer
Mrs. John Carroll entertained Informally
Thursday evening. The guests we're Mr.. and
Mrs. Eugene Bell, Mr.. and Mrs. James Grand
all, Mrs. John Bell, Mrs. Charles Greasy,
Mrs. Chauncey Cowell, Miss Bell and Miss
Cressy
Miss Maud Schadle of Pleasant avenue S.
Paul, entertained the musical club last even
ing. An interesting programme, consisting of
musical and literary numbers, was rendered.
Mrs. Adolf Anderson entertained the Cinch
club Thursday evening. Those present were:
Mr.. and Mrs. j. NJ Tricky, Mr.. and Mrs E.
B. Sperry, Mr.. and Mrs. John Weeks.
Mrs. Charles A. Greasy visited Mrs M. H.
Haight in Minneapolis this week.
Mr. and Mrs. Christian Jensen and family
have moved to st. Paul.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-01-22
SOUTH ST. PAUL.

Mrs. F. Henderson was surprised by num-
Der of her friends Thursday evening. The
evening was spent very pleasantly. Music
and games were the features of the evening
Charles Larson and Miss Ida johnson were
united In marriage Saturday, and they have
gone to live at Spring Park.
Mr. Edwards, of New York who has beer
visiting his sister, Mrs. W. Edgar, has gone
to Kansas City.
Mrs. q. E. Parker and granddaughter, Of
st. Paul, visited Mrs. ]. L. Lyle Sunday.
Mrs. Porter, of Leroy, is visiting heI
daughter Mrs. Frank Henderson.
F. w. Schrimmer, of Chatfe,d, is visiting
his sister, Mrs. S. P. Atchinson.
Ralph Whitman, of Minneapolis, visited
South st. Paul last week
Miss Galloway of Minneapolis was here
on visit to her brothers
Miss Hatch, Of Iowa, is visiting her sister
in-law, Mrs. Hatch.
a visit
j. Burns, Of Chicago, has come to live here
Val Fol.mere has gone to Chicago
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-01-22
MANCHESTER.

The senior class of Manchester college have
elected these officers: President, Mr. Anger;
vice president, Miss Lewis; secretary, Mr.
Clark; sergeant-at-arms, Mr.. Alexander
The members of the Philadelphian society
gave reception to their girl friends at the
inn, on Grand avenue, Friday evening.
John Stewart, of Delhi, and Mr. Bell of
Willmar, have entered college this term.
Miss Lucy Faribault, Of South Dakota, has
been visiting Miss Grosscup.
Mrs. Julia Johnson has been entertaining
Miss Eckert at the Films.
Dr.. Wallace Is in the East In the interest
Of the college.
Mr.. and Mrs. A. L. Craig have returned
from Chicago.
NJ. G. Craig is visiting in Iowa.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-01-22
OUR TRADE WITH IHE argentine. .s>s
FRESH FACTS ABOUT AMERICAN GOODS AND
AMERICAN MERCHANTS SOUTH OF THE EQUATOR

must recognize the fact that business
honor and business brains are not
bounded by geographical lines and that
they exist south of the equator as well
as north of it. They must sell on credit.
other nations do so, and there is no
reason why the United States should
not. l represent one English firm
which gives ninety days credit after
the receipt of the goods. The German
firms do the same. The current inter-
est rates on money in the Argentine are
from to II per cent, and the people
like to use their money as long as they
can"
AMERICAN IGNORANCE.
1t is due to actions like those men,
toned by my commercial friend and
to our general ignorance of the A gen.
tine that we only get q smell of it's
trade. Our share of 1T today Is less
than Z per cent, and the trade amounts
to more than $200000,G09 a year We
allow Great Britain, Germany, France
and England to have the lions share
of the business, paying out annually
100000 more than we receive. Dur
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-01-22
NEWPORT.

A most enjoyable programme was rendered
pupils Of Mics Zuleman Fuller, assisted by
pupils of Misses Hope and Alcott The pro-
gramme consisted of musical numbers by
Miss Stetger, soprano; Miss Northrup, cor
guitar, and readings by Miss Snyder, Miss
Featherstone, Miss Judson, Miss Bel Hope
Miss CordeHa Wilkinson entertained at
Rowan, Addie Kendall, Clara Woodward and
Louise Bell.
Mrs. Charles Noltimer, of Valley City. N.
D.. was the guest of her mother, Mrs Mary
Noltimer, this week.
Mrs. Henry James gave luncheon Thurs
day to a few members of the Century Club
Of ST. Paul.
MI. and Mrs. Aaron Burt of Minneapolis,
were guests of Mrs. Henry James this week.
George Noltimer returned Friday from a
short visit in Chicago.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-01-22

truck farmer living Indiana describes an afflicted condition
with which almost will want to thank Won he
writes for the good that Rpans Taues ali run
year
assimilation had tried until was thor.
father
RECOMMENDED them to me but had little faith anything,
my was both rapid and from
their use to any one who may be similarly afflicted
4ys s M
@ IN @ s sa h1'A1
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-01-22
Modest Tomb.

Within a stones throw Of the headquarters
OF the Royal Horse artillery, City road, Lon
don, stands Wesleys chapel and the house
he lived in. Immediately behind the chapel
is the grave. with simple but substantial
monument Of the great founder Of the Wes-
leyan church. which now has its branches
among all the Englfsh-speaking peoples
throughout the world.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-01-22

assent and they made a dash down
stairs. AS they scampered into the
street I heard the expressions, Hes
all right and "the Y M. 9. AS all
right"
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-01-22
won The BOYS OYER
SECRETARY GRACE, OF THE Y. M.
O. A., STOPS PILFERING BY
STREET ARABS
DID NOT CALL IN THE POLICE


Just Invited the Youngsters Into
the Gymnasium for Scrub, and
Gave Them a Brief Session With
the Boxing Gloves and Punching
Bngs--Then They Produced the
Culprits and Departed.
Secretary Grace, ofathe Y M. c. A.,
in far more ways than one, since he
took hold Of Y. M. G. A.. work in st.
Paul. has demonstrated his capability
of managing such an institution. He
has shown himself a genius In adver-
Using it and an expert in bringing
young men and boys into touch with
1t, for their own good and for the
good of the institution.
His latest novelty has been the in
PRODUCTION of the newsboys and boot
blacks to the gymnasium, where he
gave them free lessons for an hour
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-12-03
NIGHT OF ACCIDENTS.
Opening of Bicycle Races in Madison
Square Garden.

Opening of Bicycle Races in Madison
Square Garden.
NEW YORK, Dec. 2.-Madison Square
Garden was crowded tonight when the
American Cycling Racing association be-
gan its annual exercises. Tonight's
races were preliminary to the six days
race, which begins tomorrow at mid
night In the six days race the con-
testants VIII be paired. so that when
either of the two individuals coupled
shows a sign of distress his mate will
relieve him, but neither can ride more
than twelve hours a day.
The international mile championship for
w pue sued IeIIl eu!u peq sIBuoIsseJoId
the final Meyers, champion Of Holland,
won by margin of twelve inches from
Barker. Of Paris. the worlds champion
of 1898.
The amateur paced race, between Ar
thur w. Ross, of Harrison, N. J., and
Johnny Wilson, of Chicago, paced bv
motor tanoems. was the next event.
Everything went nicely until the second
mile, which was being traversed: when
wilson fell, through the tire Of his wheel
coming off.
Under the conditions of the race this
iiou1 ne" start necessary, but as Will
son had no other wheel, this event wa.
set aside. and the TWENTY-FIVE mill -,
ternat1onal paced racefwas put on. Har.
| ry Elkes. of Glens5 Falls, N. Y. and Al
pert champion, the French CHAMPION
were the contestants Thew were Iioce7
py motor tandems, and the pace set u,as
very fast. Elkes caught his PAGERS and
at once settled down to a grind. His
pace failed him in the first mile. throneb
an accident to his pacing machine. IN
which both men were thrown heavily
Neither was seriously injured. althongb
both were pretty wen' scratched.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-12-03

70" was introduced, and the announce
featherweight would re-enter the ring in
the near future. Critic had apparently
entirely regained his health.
THE BATTLE.
Round One-Ruhlin led his left, but
missed. Mccormick landed left on face.
Rubin put in a right on the ear, Nc
Cormick putting his left on the ear.
Rubin put In stiff right uppercut on the
chin. Mccormick swung hard right TO
jaw. Rubin poked a hard left on the
mouth. Rubin put two rights on the
ear and left on the ear, sending Nc
Cormick to the floor. He was up i'm
the neck
Round Two-Ruhlin forced the fighting
and put q hard straight left on the
the Jaw Rubin countering on the ear.
Rubin put in hard right on the jaw,
staggering Mccormick a bit. and put
his left to the Jaw and right to ribs. Rub
lin countering heavily on the ribs. NC
Cormick landed hard right on the ribs.
and Rubin planted his right on the jaw.
tempting a swing. and when. he got up
he met a left on the chin that staggered
his again. The round was clearly Rub
Inns.
Round Three-Gus led a left, missed,
and was countered on the chin: Rubin
put in q hard left on the jaw Mccormick
and swung a left for the face, landing
lightly. Rubin put In one. two, three
on ribs and chin. Mccormick landed a
hard right on the jaw, but was put down
with a right on the jaw and took the
limit. He got rather groggy, but fought
hard and poked a right to the ribs. Rub
lin kept after his man and put In one,
two to the face. Just as the gong
sounded Rubin slammed In a right on
the chin that made Mccormick reel.
RUHLIN SHOWS BEST.
Round Four - Rubin went after his
man Immediately, Mccormick going to his
knees in exchange. Rubin put in two
hard lefts on the stomach, Mccormick
countering with left on mouth. Getting
his man in a corner. Rubin put his left
on the jaw twice. and again on the chin,
Mac sending in a terrific right on the
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-12-03
DE ORC THE WINNER.
Close of the Championship Pool
Match in New York.

NEW YORK, Dec 2-Alfred De Orc
successfully defended his title as pool
champion of the world. tonight, by de-
feating the Western expert, Fred PAXTON,
Of Omaha, in the three nights match
Of 600 balls, continuous pool, at Maurice
Daly's, the final score being 600 against
479. A purse of $500 and the gate re-
ceipts went to the winner.
Payton started the play tonight in brill
liant form. He gained the majority of
the points in the first two frames, and
by clever safety shots held the champion
in check. But De Orc gave evidence of
his superiority in the next four frames
by clearing the table once, and pocketing
the greater number of balls in the others.
He worked out great number of COM
binations that seemed to be impossible.
At only one time early in the game did
Payton threaten to forge to the front.
This was in the eighth, ninth and tenth
and eleventh frames, when he came with
in three points of his adversary. Then the
Cuban began to work miracles with the
balls. and put gap of 120 balls between
himself and the Westerner. The finish
was Of the hurricane order. but in spite
of the nervy play of the Nebraskan, he
was Outclassed and unable to head off his
more experienced opponent. Score:
De Orc, tonight's total, 1913; grand total,
900; breaks Is: scratches. 2. ..., ..,-.
Payton, tonight's total, 131; grand total
419: breaks. Z; scratches, 4!s@lso '-i- o|s
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-12-03
ne OxydOnOr SavesLife. ::
Strong Words
From Grateful
People Who Have
used the OxydOnOr

any rest and naturally grew weaker.
After trying medicines with no relief 1
was advised to try change of air as the
last recourse, so my husband took me to
the coast, and although the change of air
did me some good and the excitement
cheered me up, still my cough did not
leave me. While on our return trip a
kind gentleman, listening to my hacking
cough. made himself acquainted for the
purpose of telling US Of DR.. Sanche's OXy-
donor and persuaded us to get one by re-
lating his own experience, and now l am
glad to he able to say that by using the
OXydonor faithfully for about six weeks
my cough all left me and began to gain
strength. We cannot find words to eX-
press our gratitude, but will never lose
an opportunity to recommend the OXydo-
nor to all who are suffering.
We always use 1t on our children for
all their ailments and ours has always
been used with the best results, and sew
eral people have purchased one of their
own. Yours truly,
MRS. w. F. HARTWELL.
P. S.-As you will observe Mrs. Hart
well has written her own experience, and
which, I trust, may be the means of de-
Gliding other sufferers to accept the re-
lief offered to them through the Oxydo-
nor. Yours truly,
w. F. HARTWELL.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-12-03

third party, the proprietor put them out.
Brown subsequently filed an affidavit
with the turf congress, making charges
against the Kansas City management,
but the congress pleaded lack Of juris-
dtction, and the matter was dropped.
Brown has had other difficulties, but
none as serious as his last
Brown, who was an excellent starter,
made a play for the position on the
Jockey club tracks two years ago, but
when Fitzgerald was given the place he
decided that there was nothing in start
ing at the minor tracks and started out
as owner, and has met with fair success
with a small string.
He raced in the East this season, COM
ing here from the Canadian circuit after
= falling out with the Palmer Hendrie
syndicate, and remaining until the close
Of the Morris park meeting, when he
shipped 10 Newport, where the climax
of his long-standing trouble with Muir
ray brought about his expulsion.