The San Juan islander. [volume] (Friday Harbor, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1899-05-04
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helps the team. Saves wear and
expense. Sold everywhere.
MADE II
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spores lodged on these parts to proven
their spread when the foliage comes out
Such spraying is now impossible I'M Die excep
now to kill insects that eat dormant anC
opening buds. 1t is sometimes possible
to combine an insecticide with fungi
eide, and in one spraying "kill two birds
with one stone." But we must watch
out or we will also kill the buds anG
leaves. Only certain preparation can be
thus combined.
FUNGICIDES.
1. Copper compounds are most com
monty used, and of these the Bordeaux
mixture is best known. We give its COM
position again for the benefit of new SUBJ
scribers, and old ones who have forgotten
the formula. Copper sulphate (blue
vitroI, six pounds, quicklime trecently
burned stone ime), four pounds; water,
fifty gallons. Dissolve the sulphate in
one vessel and slack lime in another, and
sci, stirring briskly. Add sufficient
water to make fiftylgallons. This is used
on almost every kind of foliage and fruit
for protection against fungi, but the lime
in it clogs spray MOBILES, and leaves q
deposit on everything it touches. Where
this deposite is Objectionable
2. Ammonlacal copper carbonate is
used instead. The formula of this is
carbonate ofcopper, five ounces; ammonia
(twenty-six degrees Beanmel. three pints;
water. forty-five gallons. Make paste
of the carbonate with little water. Di-
Lutte the ammonia with seven or eight
times it's volume of water, and add the
paste to the diluted ammonia, and stir
until dissolved. Add water enough to
make the forty-five gallons. Allow to
settle, and use only the clear liquid.
8. The copper sulphate solution alone
is growing in favor as fungicide. This
has been used only for spraying dormant
trees and vines at the strength OF one
pound to fifteen to twenty-five gallons OF
water. The lime added in the Bordeaux
mixture is to prevent injury to foliage:
But it has been discovered that it still
retains its fungi killing properties. when
yery much diluted, even down to one
pound to 400 or 500 gallons Of water.
Prof. Taft, of the Michigan Experiment
station, concludes from his experiments,
that strength of one pound to $50 gal
weaker dilutions given above. Readers
of Farm Journal know that we have been
advising the use of one ounce to fifteen OF
twenty gallons of water.
INSECTICIDES.
Some of these kill by contact and others
act as internal poisons. We must adapt
our weapon to the foes we have to deal
with. Some insects devour the tissues
and juice of the plant, others puncture 1t
and suck its juice only. The latter will
not be injured by a poison put on the
surface. for a poison is not absorbed by
plant. So we must attack these suckers
OH their outside.
l. Paris green stands at the head OF
poisons for destroying chewing insects.
It may be combined with Bordeaux mix
ture safely, when such combination is
desirable, at the rate OF four ounces TO To
pound should be diluted with 200 to 3OO
gallons of water, AS repeated applica-
lions may be required, it is best to use
one pound of lime with this Quantity to
neutralize it's injurious effects on tender
foliage.
2. Whale-oil soap kills by contact and
is especially effective on scale insects and
lice. For former, use one pound to two
gallons water; for the latter, one pound
to six gallons.
3. Kerosene emulsion is also contact
poison and is in general use. 1t can now
be bought in condensed form In cans or
barrels, of seedsmen and country store
keepers. Directions for dilutiOn and use
come on each package.
The emulsion can be made by shaving
fine half pound of good soap and dissolv-
ing in soft hot water. Add two gallons
of warm kerosene to the boiling hot soap
and water, and churn with force pump;
the combination forms butter-like emul-
sion with no free oil visible. Add from
nine to twelve times its volume OF soft
warm water when about to use.
One advertiser has put on the mar
ket this season a new insecticide which
he calls Paragrene. 1t is the same color
as Paris green, much more bulky, In
very fine powder, has definite compo-
sition, that is, uniformly contains fifty
three and half per cent of arsenic, and a
certain amount of sulphate of copper. 1t
is cheaper than Paris green, and does not
injure foliage. Our readers should try it.
Farm Journal.