davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Anaconda standard., 1899-04-09
L.UMb bAGO !

Can be shortly described as rheu.
matism of the sheaths of the lun-
bar muscles. This intensely pain
full sensation of cramps in the mus
cles of the small of the back fire.
quently is difficult to relieve, but
The Anaconda standard., 1899-04-09

When you 80 East take the Burling
ton route to st. Louis, via Omaha and
St. Joseph. without change of cars.
The Anaconda standard., 1899-04-09
Rinehart, the dentist. is here.

Pay your subscription to the Ana
conda Standard for one year in advance
and secure the handsome premium
paris Of To-Day"
The Anaconda standard., 1899-04-09
HeIena-Butte Service.

Teeth extracted without pain. Dr. Wix
The Anaconda standard., 1899-04-09
Pr0f.CharCot'S Elixir

Will bring complete ease after a
few doses, and a permanent cure
will follow after few days. The
Elixir is obtainable through drug
gists, or direct from the
EASN)N CHEMICAL CO.
INCORPORATED
81 North Main Street, Butte, Mont
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1899-03-13
DEATH IN A LAND SLIDE
PAIL NEAR NAHIKU BURIES A
VICTIM.
Softened by Excessive Rainfall it
Gives Way, Killing Goto, Japan
csc Luna-Maui's Great Rainfall.

MAUI, March 11.-At Nahiku, sad
accident occurred, as result of last
Sundays storm. The road bed there
for the tramway to the new landing,
was about completed, around the edge
of the cliff.
During Sunday, 10 1-2 inches of
rain fell, and great part of the cliff
came down onto this road bed Mon
day the rain kept up, and no work
was done. Tuesday morning about s
o'clock, Goto, the Japanese luna, went
along on top of this cliff, to find the
most suitable place to commence
work on the pile, when the ground
gave way, and buried the unfortunate
luna far beneath the surface. Later
his lifeless body was recovered by the
workmen.
Goto was an efficient man, and will
be a great loss to Wilson and White
| house, the contractors. Work is at
standstill on the landing now, as
the worltmen, fear the rest of the pail
may come down at any time. 1t is
| better that this occurred now than
later when the way would be used
for traffic, thought it will put the
work back great deal.
This rain storm beat anything of
the kind, that the Island has ever
seen, so say the kamaainas. Starting
in early in the morning, il. kept pour
ing torrents, throughout the entire
day, as steady as clockwork. At
least 10 inches is the record for the
day, in almost every part of the ISL
and, and the rain covered it all. Every
gulch. and gully ran river, and a
great amount of damage was done to
roads, and to small farmers, through
loss of crops. Halehaku gulch, in
IIamakualoa, was made impossible, ny
the ford in the bottom being washed
away, and the road in other parts OF
this district was washed away, and
will require much repairing.
In Wailuku district, from Waihee tC
Maalaea. the road was so washed out
as to be impossible in places.
Even the plantations have now haC
enough rain. and are willing that il
should stop.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1899-03-13
HEAVY RAINS ON HAWAII.
Seventeen and Half Inches Fell at
IIonomu.

H1LO, March 1O.-The following is
the record of precipitation of rain for
week ending 6 n. m. Friday morning,
March 10th, as taken at the under
mentioned places:
Naalehu, Kau, 1.50; Volcano House,
4.57; Honokaa, 1912; p. Peck's. Olaa,
1929; Hilo Electric Light Works,
1917; Waiakea Mill, 1900; Pepeelleo
Plantation, 1888; Hakalau Plantation,
16.4S; Wainaku, 16.4S; Honomu, 17.4S.
The heavy rains have extended all
along the coast and back into the
mountains. The waters of the Wal
lultu have been swollen, turbulent and
muddy during the last few days as
the result of the storm. Much good
earth has been washed from the land
above and deposited in Hilo bay, not
to the advantage of the latter.
Work on the piers for the River
side Park bridge has been suspended
on account of the rains.
The reports from the Kau side
shows only about one and a half
inches of rain for the past week.
The rain guage showed a fall of
nearly six inches at Hilo Hotel for the
twenty-four hours ending 6 p. m
Tuesday.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1899-03-13
FAVOR EXPANSION.
The Makawao Debating Society Devel-
ops Imperialistic Tendencies,

MAKAWAO. March 1.-THE Maka-
wac Debating Society decided in favor
of the expansion of the United States
last night, by vote of 16 to 10. The
question read: Resolved, that the
United States should keep the pos
sessions acquired in the late war. eN
pecting Cuba. The debate was led by
II. w. Dickey and w. o. Aiken on the
affirmative, and j. j. Jones and E. b
Carley on the negative. After the
leaders, some six volunteer speakers
held the floor, for three minutes each
About forty people of the district
were present, and much interest was
shown in the debate.
The question chosen for the mex
meeting was "Resolved that war il
beneficial to nation"
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1899-03-13
THE LURLINE.

LAHAINA, March 1.-THE Lurline
has been anchored off here all the
week.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1899-03-13
ONLY The BEST

We are agents for the East
man Kodak Co. and carry a
complete line Of goods manu-
featured by them.
Our developing and print
ing department is in charge of
a first class operator, who will
explain to our patrons how to
handle any article used in
photography.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1899-03-13
RAIN AT LAIAINA.

LAHAINA, March 11.-Lahaina had
good rain on Sunday afternoon
from the north. In Honolua and Ho-
nokohau it came down in torrents,
and the bridge over the stream at the
latter place was washed away. ka-
anapali has been getting heavy show
ers nearly every day recently.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1899-03-13
10 IIrnGE A LrDGE.

LAHAINA, March 11.-Judge Nc
Kay of Wailuku is expected here next
Wednesday to hear an assumpsit suit
in which Judge Kahaulelio is the de-
PENDANT. Circuit Judge j. X. Kalua
will probably appear as a witness
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1899-03-13
CLAUS sPRECKELs. VIM. G. IRWIN.
Claus SpreCkelS & Go,
b a ~ * 10 R -.

10 "A ~ TX II TX -
HONOLULU, H. l..
San Francisco Agents-The Nevada
Bank of San Francisco.
DRAW EXCHANGE ON
SAN FRANCISCO-The Nevada Bank
of San Francisco.
LONDON-The Union Bank of London,
Ltd.
NEW YORK-American Exchange Ma
tional Bank.
CHICAGO-Mercha National Bank.
PARIS-Comptoir National d'Escomp-
tie de Paris
BERLIN-Dresden Bank.
hONGKONG AND YOKOHAMA-The
Hongkong and Shanghai Banking
Corporation.
NEW ZEALAND AND AUSTRALIA
Bank of New Zealand.
VICTORIA AND VANCOUVER-Ban
of British North America.
TRANSACT A GENERAL BANKING
AND EXCHANGE BUSINESS.
Deposits Received. Loans Made or
Approved Security. Commercial and
Travellers Credits Issued. Bills of Elk
| change Bought and Sold.
COLLECTIONS PROMPTLY AC-
COUNTED FOR.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1899-03-13
DIED
Suddenly at Kilauea, Kauai, John r
Bush, aged 20 years.
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS..

LAHAINA, March 11.-Eugen Hane-
berg, nephew of A. Haneberg of Olo-
walu. and Miss Martha Bechert We're
married last Saturday night in the
Anglican church. The ceremony was
performed by Rev. w. Ault.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1899-03-13
KODAKS
and
CAMERAS

Everyone who has ever
done any work in Photog-
raphy will appreciate the
many advantages obtained by
using a Camera made by the
Reichenbach, Morey & Will
Co. The Alta Camera has
no equal for simplicity, dura-
bility and cheapness. We
guarantee them. Prices run
from $15 upward.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1899-03-13
CARRIED IN STOCK

We can save you annoyance
and money it you will come
to us for any information
wanted in connection with the
Art of Photography.
All goods will be found as
represented.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1899-03-13

HOODS PILLS are the only pills to
take with Hoods Sarsaparilla. Price
% cents.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1899-03-13
YOUR BEST INTERESTS

viii be served by making sure of
health. 1t will be loss of time and
money to be stricken with serious i'll
ness. Take Hoods Sarsaparilla and
purify your blood. In this way all
germs of disease will be expelled, sick.
ness and suffering will be avoided and
your health will be preserved. Isn't
this a wise course?
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1899-03-13
KILAUEA WARNS UP.

HILO. March 1O.-Nisitors to the
volcano on Sunday last report the
crater in very heated condition and
not possible to traverse.-IIilo Trib-
une.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1899-09-06
Public Lands Notice.

On Monday, September rs, 1899, at IL
o'clock noon, at the front entrance of the
Judiciary Building, will be sold at Public
Auction, Lot Of y acre of Pouhala, Eva,
Oahu, being portion of the old Pouhala
fish pond, lying maula of the line Of
Q. R. 4 L. Co.'s track.
Upset price, $500.
Terms, Cash, u. S. Gold Coin.
For plan and further particulars apply at
Public Lands Office, Honolulu.
Per order of Commissioners Public
Lands.
ELS. BOYD,
Secretary.
August FL, 1899.
The above sale is hereby postponed to
Nov. 4, 1890, at the same place and time.
Per order Commissioners of Public
Lands.
E. S. BOYD,
Secretary.
Sept 6, 1890. I,I7
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1899-09-06
WIRELESS TELEGRAPH FOR OTIS,

Washington, August 25.-The
Filipinos will be treated to sur
prise when Captain Grant Squires
of the Signal Corps reaches Mani
la. Captain Squires has been sent
by General Greedy to introduce
the Marconi system of wireless
telegraphy, for communication be.
tween detached wings of the Army
and the main body.
As result, Filipinos who are
in retreat before an advancing
party of American soldiers will
soon be apt to fiud different boz
dies OF pursu .rs acting with most
astonishing harmony. Captain
Squires has recently been in
Europe studying the Marconi
system, aud he has prepared a
tull report to General Greedy.
The War Department has order.
ed powerful movable searchlight,
which will be delivered next week
aud at once sent to Manila. 1t
will be mounted on the intrench-
meuts and played over the sur
rounding country SO AS to prevent
a"y possibility of night surprise
by tue enemy.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1899-09-06
ITEMS FROM HARBOR FRONT
James Makee is at Kappa.
Thn Kilnnna IL. I.

James Makee is at Kappa.
The Kilauea Hou is discharg.
ing at Brewers wharf.
The Keauhou is expected from
Kauai tomorrow morning.
Ship Helen Brewer is com.
mencrng to unload at the old fish.
market wharf.
On account of heavy freight the
lwalani was several hours late in
getting away for Honoksa aud
kuku,harle this morning.
PASSENGERS DEPARTED.
For Honnka4 aud kukuihaele,
per stmr Iwal4ni, Sept CD M
Nuyr aud wife, and the Misses
Horner.
PASSENGERS ARRIVED.
From koloa, per stun Mika
hala, Sep, 6 Mrs j X Farley, II
2 Walton, W d McBryde and
two servants, Mrs Moody, Mrs Il
Powell, Miss w Seal, II G Perry.
From Krl4ues, per stmr Wal
aleale, Sept g. Miss NJ McCorris.
ton, Miss NJ Bertlsmau, Mics III
Bertleman, Mss G Brrtlemao,
Master @ Bertleman, Master II
Smy the. j FL Kahilina, j Berry
and 4 deck.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1899-09-06
August 81, 1899.
Public Lands Notice.
Sept. 6, 1890.

On Saturday, Sept. 10th, 1890, at ~
o'clock noon, at front entrance of judiciary
Building, will be sold at Public Auction,
the lease of So 44-Ioo acres in Wailua.
Nui, Koolau, Maui, As acres of same being
valuable rice lands.
Term of lease, IS years.
Upset rental, S675.oo per annum, paya.
Bile semi'annually in advance.
Lease will contain provision that any
present occuper of these lands shall be
permitted to harvest his present growing
crop, upon payment to lessee of rent per
acre at the rate paid under the lease.
For plan, or further particulars, apply at
Public Lands Office, Honolulu, or at office
of w. 0. Aiken, Paia.
Dated August IA, 1899.
J.. F. BROWN,
Agent of Public Lands.
The above sale is hereby indefinitely
postponed.
Per order Commissioners of Public
Lands.
E.S. BOYD,
Secretary.
september 9th, 1862 1917
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1899-09-06
Residence Sites
30 AT MANOA CSC
For Sale.
For Sale.

Having purchased tract of the finest
land in Manoa for residence sites, | will
now receive applications from parties de.
string to purchase.
These lots are Immediately in front of
the residence of H. E. Cooper, Esq.,, and
command grand view of Manoa Valley
and the picturesque country to Diamond
Head.
There are 10 lots in series, s. fronting
on the west, or main, Manoa road, and s
facing on Liholho street.
The lots are each 100 feet wide. and
from 100 to 2S6 feet deep. Government
water main laid past the lots on West
Manoa road.
Terms-one third cash, balance in one
and two years at 6 per cent.
Early application necessary.
JAS. F. MORGAN,
80 Queen street.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1899-09-06
Bonfire Only.

Bonfire Only.
The fire department was unns-
cessarily called out to the corner
of Maunakea and Beretania streets
at about IL noon today. The cause
OF the alarm proved to be bon
fire back OF some japanese dwell
ling houses in the vicinity.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1899-09-06
By AUTHORITY.
: Notice.

Notice.
E. S. Boyd, Esq.,, has this day been APP
pointed Notary Public for the First Ju-
dicial Circuit of the Hawaiian Stands.
J. A. KING,
Minister of the Interior.
Interior Office, Sept. s, 1899.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1899-09-06

On TO Manila devotes an inter-
fsting chapter to the reception Of
American troops in Honolulu.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1899-09-06

WANTED-POSl by Expert COFFEE Man
" Planter and Miller several years experience
In these lslaniS and in Guatemala. Address
" COFFEE" Bulletin Office Ias6-u
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-02

month Of January for St. Paul and
vicinity. determined from the last
twenty-nine years record, is IL degrees;
the mean for the month in question is
IA degrees; the corresponding month in
1876. 1877, 1878, 1882 1889, 1891 and 1898
was decidedly warmer. and any one
of the rest since 1870 was either equal
or decidedly colder; the coolest one be-
ing that in 1888, when the monthly
average was degree below zero.
The highest temperature registered
last month was Al degrees, and the low
est was &c degrees below zero, the dates
being the Goth and Goth respectively.
The average precipitation. determin-
ed same as temperature, is 0.97 Of an
inch; rain and melted snow amounting
to 0.S7 inch; snow that when melted
gave oil inch or more of water, fell on
seven days Of last month, and rain of
similar proportions fell on one day; the
total snow, if unmelted. would make a
depth of 81 inches; there were fourteen
days clear; ten partly cloudy, and sew
en- entirely cloudy.
The wind blew oftener from north
west than from any other point; the
total movement, all points considered,
was 6,344 miles: highest velocity, north
west, SO miles an hour, determined from
five minutes record on the night of the
25th; the wind attained velocities above
rs but less than SO miles an hour on
three other dates
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-02
DITTO MARKS MAY STAND.
General Says They Are lie

Attorney General Says They Are Le-
gal in Newspaper Tax Lists.
A question which will be of general inter-
est to all publishers of country newspapers
was passed upon by Attorney General Doug
las yesterday at the instance of State Printer
c. G. Whitney.
There has been some doubt as to- the legal
ty OF the publication of delinquent tax lists
In newspapers where the ditto mark has
been put under the description of property
held by the same ownership. Inasmuch az
publication OF delinquent tax lists will be
made In all counties OF the state next week
the opinion is Of special interest. 1t is as
follows: .@
Your favor Of the 31st ut is at hand. in
which you request the opinion Of this de-
partment as to whether, in the publication in
newspapers, under the statute of delinquent
tax lists. where several parce.s of land under
their separate descriptions belong to the same
person or ownership, and where the same ap-
pear consecutvely, is the requirements Of
the law met by using the word ditto or its
abbrevlation, do, below and following the
name OF the ownership as preceding the first
description of the land assigned to such own
ership; or is it necessary to request the full
name against each description of land held
under the same ownership?
am OF the opinion that either the word
ditto or do may be used as being in fun
compliance with the statutory requirements of
tnis state The proceeding to enforce the
collection Of taxes has been held by the
supreme court to be in rem and not per-
sonal; also, that the Judgment is against the
land, and the name of the owner is not re-.
CURED to appear at all. See McOuede vs.
Janray, AZ MIMI 326.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-02
NEARBY REVERSED.
The CorporntiOna-Attor Sustains
Building Inspector Haas.


Building Inspector Haas.
In an opinion rendered at the request of
the building inspector the corporation attor
ney has held that Building Inspector Haas
may fix the amount of salary he desires to
pay his employees at his own option, so long
as he keeps within the appropriation for
the maintenance of the building inspection de-
partment.
The opinion was sought because Comptrol
Ter McCardy refused to audit the January
pay roll of the building inspector. Building
Inspector Heas bad raised tie salaries of
some of his employees and Comptroller Nc
Cardy claimed he had no right to do this.
The stand of the comptroller was taken upon
his estimate in the tax budget for the build
ing inspection department for this year. His
figures were 1880, with itemized figures for
clerk hire aggregating 81, coo. When the
budget passed the council Building Inspector
Haas had the appropriation raised to $500,
employees compensation the appropriation,
passed, read clerk hire $1,000. Mr.. Nc
Cardy claimed that the additional 900 was
appropriated by the council fer the specific
purpose of allowing the building inspector to
employ an additional clerk during the sum
mer months, provided by the charter, and
also to pay for the services of an emDloye
last year, who has not yet received any COM
pensation. Building Inspector Haas disputes
this allegation and the corporation attorney
holds that no matter what may have been
the intention Of the council IN raising the ap-
preparation. the building inspector has the
legal right to fix the salaries of his depart
ment at whatever figures he elects. so long
as he does not exceed in general the amount
of the appropriation for the department.
When asked what influence the opinion of
the corporation attorney would have on his
course relative to the January pay rol! of
the building inspector, Comptroller McCardy
said he had not been informed that any such
opinion had been rendered and declined to
discuss the subject.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-02
AT THE THEATERs.

''The Sign of the Cross has proven phe-
nomenom in the line of dramatic attractions.
1t interests the regular theater goers on &C
count of its intense dramatic strength, and is
equally interesting to church going people for
the manner in which 1t treats of Christian nifty.
This great play broke the records for business
at the Metropolitan opera house at the matt
nee and evening performances yesterday.
There is a big advance sale for the balance
of the week, but the management Of the Met
ropolitan desires to call the public's attention
to the fact that there is still plenty of good
seats left for every performance. In order
to accommodate all who desire to witness
this grand production the management has de-
cfded to give an extra matinee performance
tomorrow afternoon, at popular prices.
Manager Scott regrets to announce that the
Metropolitan will be closed next week, owing
to the fact that he has not been able to Sc
cure desirable attraction. but the following
week he has secured Willie Collier In The
Man From Mexico for the first four nights
of the week. including Wednesday matinee.
Mr.. Collier in this play scored a big success
here last season, and his business throughout
the country has been very good indeed.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-02


grafton of the Berlin verdict. with respect to
hosenthal At home they took their hats off
Co MS technique. Carnegie hall has been
packed to the doors with musicians and mu-
sic-iovers You could tell them. by their alb
solute silence while the music was playing
and by the entranced look in their eyes. Ro-
seminal s usual equipment of hands not hav-
Ing yet become famous, when he dashed
through Liszt's diabolical "Tarantelle" with
all his six hands and ninety fingers doing
double duty In the plain sight Of the audi
ence, you should have heard their shouts of
"Brayo!" For q clncher Rosenthal gave
his own contrapuntal study of Chopin's d
what Rosenthal did to his piano in this in
stance: the sympathies were completely
with the piano that sit was pleasing sensa-
tiou rather than otherwise to see Rosenthal
surreptitiously shake the kinks out of his
ninety-six fingers as he bowed and smiled
pleasantly to thescheering audience"
Rosenthal will appear in the library series
OF concerts, at the Peoples church, Monday
evening, Feb. 6.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-02
Labor Commissioner,s stan.

An old member of the trades and labor as
sembly said last night at Assembly hall:
when it comes to the appointment of
factory inspector, st. Paul is surely entitled
to one. The figures in the labor commits
sjoner's Office show that there are at pres
ent 1856 establishments in this city that re-
qrire inspection by the state factory inspcc-
tor. and a man who lives here and knows
the town is more capable and better able
outside the city Minneapolis has got the
chief and assistant labor commissioner, and
st. Paul, so far. has got one deputy, Al
zeal union but organized labor of St Paul
has not yet gotten anybody. and 1t remains
to be seen if the governor will recognize the
wishes of organized labor of st. Paul by ap
pointing Ed Chrstopherscn, who has been in
Gorsed by every union In the city"
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-02
GA = TO 1EA.
bears the The Kind You IisEs AIHays Bought
''s' e &zzzzzZz zzzz~
Vital Statistics.
MARRIAGE LICENSES.
Deaths.

SLAKER-In st. Paul, Mimi, Jan. 50, 1899,
at the residence of his son. Louis F. Shaker,
653 Westminster street, William R. S,aker,
aged 70 years. Funeral services were con-
Quoted at residence yesterday afternoon and
remains placed in vault at Oakland ceme-
terry.
O'TOOLE-At St. Paul on Wednesday, Feb l,
at 1920 a. M. Mrs. Bridget O'Toole, aged
n years. Funeral will be held from resi-
dence of her daughter, Mrs. R. j. Clarke,
1O7 Lftchfeld avenue, Friday morning Feb.
8. at a. M: services at St. Nince1t's
church at $50 a. m.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-02
JANUARY WEATHER.
The Month Was Warmer Than the
Average Has Been.

January, 1899, was degrees warmer
than average; the precipitation, rain
and melted snow, was slightly less than
average, the wind movement, cloud
mess and pressure was about normal;
the last six days of the month were
unusually cold, and the impression of
that condition being quite fresh in the
minds of the people, perhaps they are
hardly prepared to listen to the state
ment that the month averaged 2 de-
grees warmer than usual; but it must
be remembered that the period from
about the 10th to the 18th was rather
warm. with frequent thaws and even
rains. thereby spelling the fine sleigh
ing conditions which, however. became
excellent again with the renewal Of
snow and cold that made the impress
sion stated above
The average temperature for the