davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-12-05

r, THE CENTRAL NATIONAL BANK
Ot' WORCESTER annual meeting
81 the stockholders of the Central Ma
Se15a Bank of Worcester Mass, will b
pay, January 9, 1900, at 10 O'clock "a. m,
LOT the election of directors for the enc
sung year and for the transaction of any
fore them.
w.. VIM. WOODWARD, c,ashier
Worcester, Dec 4, 1899
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-12-05
WEATHER REPORT.

Boston. Dec. 4.-Local forecast for Tues
day Fair and generally clear weather;
brisk winds Light fresh to southwest
winds Wednesday.
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-12-05

me annual meeting of the stockhold.
NE W}s Oh the FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF
rooms, Ne. 474 Main street, on TUES
"a T. JANUARY 9Th, 1900 at ii o'clock
d. d., m, Tor the election of directors for the
before them. '''
December 4, 1899.
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-12-05

lCE-The annual meeting of the
PanX will be held at their ONCE WE'D
NEsDAY, Dec. last, 1899, at 10 O'Clock
a. " ROGER f. UPHAM,.
orcester Dec 5, 1899. Clerk.
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-12-05

Court Damascus, F. of A., had a
meeting last night in Foresters' hall.
100 Front street. and voted to have a.
public installation of officers the first
meeting in January.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-04-30

The most interesting and i%lluminative chap
tors In this first installment OF Sir William
Hunters history are those which deal respect
lively with the closing OF the old trade paths.
with the struggle between Christendom and
islam for the Indian Seas. and with the Portu-
gusse policy In Asia. The m between
India and Europe had. from immemorial times.
reached the Mediterranean by three main
routes. The northern tracks. by way OF the
O1us and Caspian. converged on the Black Sea.
The middle route lay through Syria to the Le-
want. The southern brought the products OF
india by sea to Egypt. whence they passed to
Europe from the mouths OF the Nile. The most
ancient OF the three routes was the middle one.
through Syria. Ships from India crept along
the Asiatio shore to the Persian Gulf and sold
their costly freights in the marts OF Chaldea or
the Lower Euphrates. The main caravan passed
thence northward through Mesopotamia,
edged around the wastes Of Arabia PetrRa.
and struck west through the lesser desert to
the oasis. where. amid the Palmyrene soil
tudes. the city OF Tadmor eventually arose.
plunginR again into the sands. the train OF
eamels emerged at Damascus. There the
Syrian trade route parted into two main lines.
The northern branched west to the ancient
Tyre and Sidon. and the medieval Acre and
Ascalon. The other diverged southwark by
Rabbah Of the Ammonites. still locally known
as Amman. and thence. skirtinE the east
ern frontier OF Palestine. passed through
the land of Edom oward Egypt and the
shores OF the Red Sea. It's hating places
can still DO traced. Even now. indeed.
thousands OF Mussulmans travel yearly down
the Darb-el-H Hail. or Pilgrim Way. by al
most. although not exactly. the same route as
that followed by the Indo-Syrian trade thirty
centuries ago--no made road. but q track beaten
hollow at places by the camels'trcad. The dawn
OF history discloses the Syrian trade routes
In the hands OF Semitic races. The Chaldean
or Bahy!onian merchants. who bought up the
Indian cargoes on the Persian Gulf: the half
nonad tribes who led tho caravan from oasis to
oasis. around the margi IN OF the central Arabian
desert to Tyro or to the Nile the PhTnician
mariners. who distributed the precious freiGhts
70 the Mediterranean cities. we're all OF the
Semitic type 81 mankind. The civilization OF
for the cmla ming spices. dyes and fine prod
uctS - Tia" Last. As early, however. as the
fall ur Ttus IL, u say llN4 Il. e.. II any date
may he connected with the .fultc saga PhTni-
eiun ,uamcU ilpl conveyed them uorthward ia
Asia Minor and IN" .fgean sea. Homer does
not .utiouth" name ut InGia, nut no was con-
ycr~Ip' w,'h tho nri wares OtSiduul. Il Meditcr-
rancau uutnar; II III" Eastern trade. II was
howrvei. in Egypt that the products of the Syri,
an caravan routes. and the possibly still earlier
merchandise OF SQmuliland and the African lit
toral found their chief market, An emporium,
perhaps originally n convict settlement from
the Nile, sprang IN at Rhinoculora. where the
coast line Of Palestine adJoius Egypt. II prob
-hIr ,~, ',nI t'r 'r' Me s"'"-ri1 tom Tyre
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-04-30

struck out by the wit OF any one man.
The employment OF such native soldiers was
from the moment they secured a footing on the
Malahnr coas,. The anarchy which prevailed
in India from 800 to 1850. preceding the firm
half a century in which to. carry out their, de-.
signs. The firm grasp which the ,Mogul En-
1850 held such schemes in allowance during
nearly two hundred years. The collapse OF the
Mogul. Empire rendered possible, a revival OF
struggle which ensued. England emerged as
the sovereign power in India.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-04-30

could be squeezed from the traffckers,. whom
they despised. The Asiatic commerce. whether
by Syria or by Egypt, though often Interrupted
under the Ottoman. regime. was never alto
gether destroyed. Genoa and Venice still as
tributed Eastern wares. although in an. I'M
peded flow. to European nations. After 1910.
Famagusta in Cyprus became the venetian
headquarters OF the trade with the Orient and
remained n leading emporium OF the Ievant
until II was taken by the Turks In l1IO-Il.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-04-30

..nt an embassy TO BaRdad In e17 A.
D. This Eastern trade by way OF the Black
Sea long formed q source OF wealth TO the BY
zantine Empire. The Venetian merchants
who settled at Constantinoplc. after that city
was captured by the Crusaders In 1904. further
developed the route. During the htty-eiRht
years Of the Latin Empire at Constantinople
the Venetians enErossed the Eastern COM
merce by way Of the Euxine. On the re-
establishment OF the Byzantine Empire Nl2oll
the Genoese. whose mercantile jealousy OF
, Venice led them TO assist the Greek Emperor
I'm expelling their Catholic trade rivals. took
the place OF the Nenetians at Constantinople.
| They received the Pera quarter. planted forty
1--WE factories along the European and Asiatic
coasts Of the Euxine. occupied part OF the
Crimea, and made the old emporium at
Kafa the headquarters OF the Eastern trade
by the Rlack Sea route. OF ca-cely less
importance was Soldaia, also on the south
east coast OF the Crimea. Its Greek set
tiers had long acted as middlemen between
the Asiatic and Russian traders. and had
grown rich on the Indian by the
Black Sea route during the thirteenth century.
In 1895 Soldaia became n fortified factory OF
the Genoesc. who traded there until the down
fall OF the Byzantine Empire 1453). Their de-
fensive works survive there unto this day.
These ports on the Crimea formed inlets ofthe
Eastern trade TO the Russian emporium OF
Novgorod. the position Of which gave IL access
by the Dnieper to the Black Sea on the south
and by tho Seva to the Hanse towns OF the
Baltic. In its marts the spices and fabrics OF
the East were exchanged for the furs OF the
North and distributed to western Europe. Its
merchants carried with them to Scandinavia
not only the art work but the currency OF
Asia. Twenty thousand CuHc coins minted In
about seventy towns Of the Abbassid Caliphs
nre said to have been. at one time. preserved in
Stockholm.
Meanwhile. the Turks were pressing ever
more closely on the outskirts OF the byzantine
Empire. The bitter trade hatreds Of the Geno-
ese and the Nenetians rendered a continuous
coalition for the Mediterranean Christian
| powers impossible. Each of the two peoples
mentioned aimed AT cngrossing the Eastern
| and each would gladly have seen its
rival ruined. In l+44. Genoese vessels. ferried
an army OF 10000 Ottomans across the Bos-
' porus ut n durat n head to do battle against the
champions of Christendom. Nine years later
the Turks took Constantinople and. in 14Ia.
Kaffa fell to their all-devouring armies. The
GenoeSe colony. with its warehouse palaces at
Pera. its trading strongholds along tho narrow
seas, and its two factories in the Crimea. went
down in the wreck of the byzantine Empire.
BY the middle OF the fifteenth century, there.
| fore. the Mongol and the ottoman hordes had
| blocked both the BLACK Sea and the Syrian
routes OF the 1ndo- European trade.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-04-30

The main northern route started from the
Indus Valley and crossed the western offshoots
OF the Himalayas and the Afghan ranges to
the Oxus. On that great river Of Central Asia
the products OF India were joined by the silks
OF China conveyed from the western provinces
OF the Celestial Empire hy a caravan journey of
eighty to a hundred days. The united volume
OF traflc struggled onward to the Black Sea
due west by the Caspian. and then forked. one
branch passing southwark by Trebizond and
northward by the VolRa. Besides the Oxus
routes ending on the Black Sea. other roads
led from the Indus Valley to the west. After
crossing the Hindu Kush. the southern tracks
touched the capitals OF Bactria. Parthia and
Media. eventually reaching Bagdad. Palmyra.
Tyre and Antioch. The difficulties of the Gem
trial Asia routes to the Black Sea. with their
deadly camel journey OF alternate SHOWS and
torrid wastes. rendered those routes available
only for articles OF small bulk. They never at
tanned the commercial importance which the
two southern trade routes those, namely. by
the Persian Gull and Syrian caravan track
or by the sea passage to Egypt acquired.
They formed, however, ancient paths be-
tween Europe and China. and became
conspicuous from tho blocking Of the Syrian
route in medlalval times. especially in tho
latter half Of the tenth century. as Mr..
Brooks Adams has pointed out. From the
Black Sea the products of the East went chiefly
to Constantinuple, hut they also penetrated
into Europe Ivy the Danube and other chan
nels. The trade seems to have promoted the
early civilization OF the Crilnea and Of the
Danubian provinces. The emporium Of Theo-
dosia. on the Crimean coast, survived. al
though in decay. to the time OF Arrian. and ap-
pears in a variant OF It's modern name
Kona undHr IN" Greek Emperor who
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-04-30
VI.

The Portuguese soon found that they were
to have other rivals in the East besides tho
Turks. No Christian nation. indeed. at the
end OF the fifteenth century seriously disputed
the Papal award, 1t will be remembered that,
by the bull issued by Pope Alexander VI. on
May 4. 1893. as subsequently modified by the
bull Of Julius II. in 1903, and that of Leo X.
in 1914. Portugal was to have an exclusive
right to all lands discovered or to be discovered.
and not occupied by any Christian prince at
Christmas. 14a2, south OF the Azores and east
Of an imaginary line drawn $40 leagues west
Of the Cape Verde Islands. The terms OF the
award. however. were scrutinized with keen
eyes by England. France. Venice and Spain. each
OF which powers tried for a share of the Asiatio
trade by every means within the strict letter
of the bulls and the treaties based upon them.
The Nenetians. for instance, strove to bolster
up the old land routes through Syria and
Egypt as against the cape passage. and out
ragged Christendom by abetting the Mameluke
Sultan in his struggle with Portugal for the
Indian seas, They thus retained the trade
with Alexandria and the Levant, a monopoly
which they had. in time. to share with the
Turkey Company OF England and the Mediter-
ranean merchants Of MNvscilles. Spain proved
a more serious rival. bur Charles v. notwith-
standing his promise 10 the Spanish Cortes to
defend MaGeilln'S discoveries. sold in 1925 his
claims to the Moluccas for 10000 golden
ducats lsay $S50.ODOl to Portugal. By the
same convention Of ~Saragossa. he accepted all
.Asiatic boundary line between the two Catho-
lie nations. at 29I'a leagues cast of the Mo-
luccas, reserving to Spain the right OF an
nulling the bargain on repayment Of the
money. This agreement disposed for a time
OF the difficulties. and the union of the Spanish
and Portuguese crowns III 1880 seemed to
render the settlement definite. After Portugal
| r~egained her Independence. in 1910, the de-
narration Of IA" Spanish and Portuguese pos
sessions hryon'i the Atlantic line. chiefly in
South America. formed III" subject of many
alterations md treaties between those ma
tons. practically ending with the settlement
confirmed by the Treaty Of Prado in 177S.
Among many concurrent causes which led 10
the founding Of the Dutch and English East
India companies the travels Of Linschoten and
Fitch held a conspicuous place. From 1888 TO
1883 John Huyghen van Linschoten Of Hsar-
lem had dwelt at Goa in the train of the Por-
The evening times., 1899-05-17
FILIPINos WORK CHEAP.
Accept Sailors Wages That Other
Senmen Refuse.

New York, May 1.-THE seventh Ameri-
can ship to sail without the aid Of the
Sailors Boarding House Keepers Associa-
tion. and with its active opposition, got
underway for Hongkong yesterday. She
was the Mary L. Cushing. commanded by
Captain Pendleton. and owned by Pendle-
ton, Carver G. Nichols. Her departure
breaks the embargo which has been i'm
posed on American vessels by the refus-
al of the boarding masters and shipping
masters to furnish seamen for less than
$50 month.
The Cushing sailed with fifteen able sea-
men, one ordinary seaman. and a bo'sun,
all Filipinos. Ten Of the Filipinos were
brought from Boston. and five, together
with the bo'sun, were taken from Young's
boarding house, No. SO Roosevelt Street
The wages to be paid the men are almost
nothing.
The ship Benjamin F. Packard. Capt
Zack Allen. has a crew Of fifteen Filipinos
and West Indian and Southern negroes. As
soon as Captain Allen can procure three
more men he will weigh anchor for San
Francisco.
The State of Maine. Captain Colcord, be-
longing to Pendleton, Carver G Nichols.
has six sailors signed. OF whom three are
colored and three white. She has cleared
for Hongkong. Eleven Filipinos, formerly
of the Nova Scotia ship George T. Hay,
were signed on the American ship Emily
Reed. Captain Nichols. for Hongkong. yes
terday. The Emily Reed is owned by
Yates & Potterfield. The men are to re-
ceive $50 month.
United States Shipping Commissioner
Dickie had long consultation with the
British Consul General. Percy Sanderson.
yesterday with reference to the practice
prevailing at the British consulate Of sign
ing seamen at one shilling month for
three months.
The evening times., 1899-05-17
The Plot in the Tr.n.vanI.

What at this distance looks like another
projected Jameson raid in the Transvaal
has been nipped in the bud by the arrest
of eight of the alleged conspirators at
johannesburg. A plot for rebellion, 1t
is alleged, has long been maturing. and
the men under arrest are charged with
enlisting two thousand Uitlanders to over
throw the government of Dom Paul. A
seizure of important papers is also claim
ed to have been made in connection with
the arrests.
There is no disposition in London to
attach much significance to the matter.
for the names Of the prisoners are not
on the army lists. and representatives Of
the South African League declare that the
accused are in no way connected with that
organization or with the recent petition
to the Queen OF the British subjects in
the Transvaal for the redress OF their
grievances.
Cecil Rhodes disclaims knowledge of the
conspiracy. and holding up his hands in
horror declares that he is innocent In
view of the disastrous fate Of the Jameson
expedition it is hardly to be supposed that
British officers would lend their sanction
to a second one. Meanwhile, Dom Paul is
saying nothing. He is one Of the unique
figures of the world. and seems to be per-
fectly capable of taking care Of the in
terests committed to his control.
The evening times., 1899-05-17
Mayor Van wyck on the Rack.

II will hardly be contended that Mayor
Van Wyck, Of New York, created a favor
able impression yesterday when on the
witness stand before the Mazet Commit
tee. He lost his temper, INDUCED in such
terms as liar" and coward" and other
wise showed that his capacity of self-c con-
troll is by no means phenomenal.
Beginning with. the assertion that his
. nomination was due to the Democratic
party and not to TamElany Hall, he
scorned the suggestion that he had con-
suited Mr.. Croker about his appointments
or that the Tammany chief had dictated
any of them, a statement which will prob
ably contribute to the gayety of nations
and 10 the amusement in particular of
Mr.. Croker. who is now in England. The
Mayors Indignation when questioned con-
cerning his relations with notorious pool
room manipulation was quite natural, and
his insistence that mo man dared call
him down." conveyed a very fair idea of
his estimate of his own Importance.
Nevertheless, Mr.. Van Wyck should not
be too sweepingly criticised. He has a pep
perry temper-coming as he does from
Southern stock-and his manners have not
the suavity that might be desirable in
man in his position. He claims that New
York is more orderly city today than
ever before in his recollection. That, of
course, raises the question of the extent
of his recollection. and the vividness and
accuracy of his Impressions. Judging from
the result Of the election, New York city
today is being governed in precisely the
sort of way it would desire.
The evening times., 1899-05-17
Unwise Advice.

(From the Cleveland Plain Dealer)
II would be unfortunate for the colored people
in the South they to follow the counsels
of some of their indiscreet clerical advisers who
preaching the gospel OF dynamite instead Of
the gospel OF peace Overcome evil with good -
was the teaching Of the apostle, but those who
supposed to be spreading that gospel have SUBJ
stituted for it Render evil for evil" Thy take
Shylock instead Of Paul. for their guide. 1.-THE
villainy you teach me will execute, and il
shall go hard but will better the instruction. -
expresses the spirit of the comments Of some
Of these advisers Of the negro on the acts of
the white lynchers.
The mere utterancc in public Of these coun-
sells is an injury to the colored people Of the
South. because il affords prctext for further hor-
rors like the burning Of Hose, and an excuse for
acts Of mad fury like the killing of the negro
preacher in the same neighborhood. The pre-
tcnce in the latter case was that the preacher
had melted the colorcd people to bloody revenge
for what the white lynchers claimed to be justi-
fable punishment for atrocious crime. The
intemperate uttcrances of some colored ministers
in the North since the Georgia lynchings have
caused some changes Of opinion to the prob
ability Of the charge. though not rs to the utter
indefensibility Of the action of the murderous
The evening times., 1899-05-17
v1cToR's CHASTITY JOKE.
Wife's Timely Appearance PrObabl
Saved Him q Trial.

Newark. n. j.. May 17.-Mrs. Martin
Victor. whose husband told a weird tale to
the effect that he had carved her up in
Guldensuppe style and flung the pieces Of
her body into the river wrapped up in bum
dies. reappeared late Sunday night at the
home of her mother. Mrs. Jacob Cohen, at
10 West Street, this city.
Victor was arrested In New York on
Monday on the strength of the story of
murder he told to his wife's mother and
apparently clinched it by exhibiting the
implements with which the alleged horri:
BILE deed was done. When arrested he told
the police the tale was hoax to frighten
his mother -in-law. but he would probably
have been tried on the charge of murder
had not his wife's timely appearance prov
ed him innocent of the horrible suspicion
his own avowal had caused 10 rest upon
him.
Mrs Victor said that slice her husbands
return from the war. in which he served
as a marine on the ram Katahdin. he was
no longer the loving husband he had been
for several months after their elopement.
He did not treat her well. she said. and SO
she left him. She went to New York to-
day and secured Ills release. but he was
rearrested and fined 81 on the charge cf
carrying concealed weapons.
The evening times., 1899-05-17
American Iron In the Soudan.
lrrou, the Iondnn CloheN

We hope that some satisfactory explanation may
be forthcoming on behalf Of our own iron manu-.
facturers Of the statements from Philadelphia
that not only orders for locomotives for English
railways, but also the contracts for the bridge
over the Atbara River given to an American
firm. because it undertook to build the bridge in
seven weeks, whereas English firms wanted seven
months to do the work. Apart from patriotic
considerations, one would have thought that,
where the economy Of time was an object, BRIT
ish firms would have had the advantage for work
in the Soudan. But II. as Philadelphia cables
state, British builders ask seven months for work
which the Americans will perform in less than
two there is nothing more to be said. Even su-
periority of workmanship and finish would not
compensate for the absence Of the bridge at the
time It would be needed for the passage OF
troops; and II our methods Of work are SO inelas-
tie that we cannot comply with the require
ments Of our own war odace, foreign rivals must
be allowed to step in. It ID this inelasticty and
lack Of adaptability to the varying needs Of the
worlds markets which are charged aeainst the
British manufacturefs and traders everywhere OF
course, there = some sentimental consolation
when another lssnch ~ the Anglo-Saxon race
eets The orden which We mis-; but American
pipes Tor Glsagsw. AMeficsa rails and locouno-
fives for India and Englsad, and Anerican bride.
q for The Ssssdsa ars saly ~ q the facts Tor
uhicA ssattnsut = pooe eeasolatioa.
The evening times., 1899-05-17
WEDNESDAY, MAY II. 1899.
Interest In the Jubilee.

Only six days remain before the opening
of the National Peace Jubilee, but prep
arations for it have already SO far pro-
gressed that there can be no doubt Of its
complete success. The various committees
are displaying a degree of interest and
energy which cannot be too highly COM
mended.
The streets, in both the resident and
business sections. are already bright with
decorations, but what has been done up to
this time is but faint indication of the
appearance the city will assume next week.
President McKinley's hearty interest in
the movement is a source of satisfaction,
and is no less complimentary to him than
to the good will and patriotism Of the festi-
val itself. He will review the military and
naval parade on the opening day: will also
review the historical pageant. and II pos
sible will attend the civil parade and the
revelries.
To the Business Mems Association es-
pecial thanks are due for their organiza-
ton of the celebration and their manifest
purpose in conjunction with other bodies
of citizens to make it the success it de-
serves to be.