davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-05-04

New Orleans and q tract adjacent to the
Mississippi River. The imperative neces-
slty OF acquiring the control Of the mouth
OF the river was such that Mt the preced-
ing session OF Congress Senator Ross had
introduced resolutions authorizing the
President to call out so, 900 militia and
apprOpriating So, 900, 900 for war purposes.
A substitute was adopted intiusting the
whole matter to the discretion OF the Presi-
dent, with authority odirect the Governors
OF the States, should occasion arise. to de-
tach and hold ready $4,000 volunteers
and 100000 was appropriated as a
fund toward purchase. 1t was absolutely
necessary that we should have New Orleans;
early in the year 1903 1t was yet uncertain
whether IL was to be ours by military con-
quest or by peaceful purchase.
On the day before MoNRoEs arrival in
Paris NAPOLEON had suddenly invited from
LIVINGSTON a proposition for the purchase
OF the whole region then called the Louisi-
ana Territory. Impending war between
England and France had caused the First
Consul to change his policy with regard to
%colonial possessions. The chance came In
the nick OF time. In less than twenty days
the price was agreed upon, and the three
articles of the convention were signed. We
paid 5000, 900, including the assump-
tion Of about So, 100000 Of claims against
France held by citizens Of the United
States. We got 1,171,93l square miles Of
new territory, covering all OF what is now
the State OF Louisiana, the coast part Of
Alabama and Mississippi, oil Of Arkansas,
Missouri, Iowa, Nebraska, the Dakotas.
Idaho, Montana, Oregon and Washington,
the Indian Territory, nearly oil OF Kansas,
and Colorado and Wyoming east OF the
Rocky Mountains. This vast domain passed
to us by the treaty Of April 30, 1903.
Ninety-fve years and one day later there
passed TO us by the valor Of GEORGE DEWEY
and his men, acting under Instructions
from the Administration Of WILLIAM Nc
KINLEY, the twenty-irst President after
JEFFERSON in the line Of succession, another
vast empire in the Far East, rich in the pos
sibilities Of development and significant Of
the American nations commercial and po-
litical future.
The last day OF April and the first day Of
May were both Expansion Days.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-05-04
Foreign Notes Of Real Interest.

Sir Robert Ball. the astronomer. has boon elected q
freeman of the Worshipful Company Of Spectacle
Makers.
An offer OF $4,000 for three orchids exhibited u
the Antwerp horticultural show has been refused By
the owner OF the flowers.
A water color by a boy OF 10. named AdrieA
Et;enne, has been accepted for this years exhibition
by the Champ de Mars Salon.
The Earl OF ShAftesbury. whose father shot himself
In a cab. is engaged To the Duke OF westminsterO
eldest granddaughter. Lady Constance Grosvenor.
Mr.. +. g. Purcell the author Of the sensational life
Of Cardinal Manning, is dead at the ago Of 70 years..
He was engaged In writing tho life OF his friend.
Cardinal Newman.
Hauptmann's "Fuhrmann Henschel" cannot be
performed at Hertogenbosch in Holland. as the bur
gomaster considers that II comes TN conflict with
public morality" The preachers OF the town also
condemn the play from the pulpit.
Capt. Zone OF the New Zealand line has circum-
navigated the globe hfty.two and a half times and
thinks he holds the record. The route Of the lines
steamers is from England to New Zealand by way of
the Cape Of Good Hope and back by Cape Horn.
Leipzig made a good investment in buying and
tearing down the old Pleissenburg on the city wall.
the scene Of tho debate between Luther and Eek.
The city paid 4.15O.ooO marks for the castle. and
las sold the ground since for building sites for
$3.50. 353 marks.
At Nidcggen. in tho Rhine province, thirteenth
century frescoS have been discovered under the
whitcwash in the parish church. The whole into
rior decoration Of the church. including the poly
chrome treatment Of pillars and capitals, has been
preserved remarkably we'll.
London ooroners are sticklers for their rEhts. A
box held at a railroad station recently, owing 20 the
railroad officials having lost the way hill, was opened.
though II waA consigned to a Hamburg museum, and
the body ofa young woman and two skulls were found
| tp.,da The nup Unu,a ma . ,,t,,N ppI uyian
and the skulls we're prehistoric. Yet the coroner OF
the district insists on holding iuqlests on both
mummy and skulls unless the museum people have
| them rsmoved.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-05-04
Subsidies to Steamship Lines.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUNNI In an
editorial article in your paper OF May l. you
allude to England's policy in subsidizinR her
steamship lines, and claim that under this sys-
tenn her merchant marine has increased enor-
mously.
Now. the term subsidy. ~ as defined by Web
ster. means q grant Of money to aid in estab-
fishing an enterprise. 1t has frequently been
denied that the British Government pays any
money for such a purpose. either now or at any
time within fifty years. So far as the Atlantic
traffic is concerned. by far the most important.
the Government pays to the Cunard and White
Star lines an amount OF money for carrying the
mails to New York. but the amount paid is in
leaves the British Post ONCE a very handsome
uting. 1t is not any specific sum. but accord
ing to weight; neither Is II q monopoly. be-
steamers sailing. British or foreign.
A few years ago the British dovernment
made a contract, with the aboye7meptioned
lines. under which It paid about 10000 a year
being built or altered under Inspection OF the
enough to carry guns, and in doing this some
cargo space was sacrificed. These steamers.
moreover. were liable any day to be with.
business. OF, the companies to be completely
disorganized; This Arrangement was very ad-
sured. In case Of war. n mum Der Of fine fast
sailing steamers as transports and cruisers.
which would be no expense in times OF peace.
Now these payments for mail and war purposes
have nothing OF the nature OF subsidy about
them tion iot ts seyy Are s1 raIpdsr q 5fea sSo sams e ss ips tSe
carriage OF freight or passengers. 1t Is claimed
absolutely that no money is paid by the British
Government to any steamers to enable them
to run without loss.
If the above position Is incorrect. will you
kindly show how 1t varies from tho actual
facts? Many people believe. as l do. that these
assertions as to British subsidies are made to
pass a subsidy or bounty bill through Con-
gress in favor Of American.b built steamers.
ican line about S750.O0O a year for carrying
the mails to Europe every Wednesday. al
though this service was formerly, performed
100000. the difference OF $500. 900 a year COM
ing out OF the pockets OF the taxpayer. II all
American built steamers are hereafter to re-
ceive a bounty. MS proposed. 1t will add a large
amount to our taxes. But let there be no false
p%retence about II. Il. j. CoRTIs.
NEW YORK, May 3.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-05-04
mosEs,s RED SEA MARCH.
Criticised from q Military Point Of View by
the Late Gov. ORlesby.

The death OF Gov. Oglesby OF Illinois has
started a train Of reminiscences The story
following is one that he was fond OF telling
TO newspaper men when he was about the
hotel After his retirement from public life
Gov. Oglesby visited the Holy Land. He was
interested in sacred history. and in early man
hood he resolved to go to the country where he
could see for himself some OF the things OF
which he had read. .
Il was always Interested in the character OF
Moses" he said. II knew from what i read
that he was eminent as a lawRiver. and l
reckon he was a good maj In the definition OF
that term Of that day. But when preachers un-
dertook to make me believe that Moses was q
military man we disagreed. When l was In the
Holy Land | went down to the Red Sea and ex-
amincd 1t at that point whore he is said to have
crossed over with the children Of Israel. I.had
undisputed authority, Tor the exact place where
distances on land and water. | made a study
OF tho topography OF the. shore lines and
the country about. the Rod Sea. l proved to
competent to Judge. that Moses could have
made time by marching around the sea from
the point where he went into II. and saved
told a d. y, OF my conclusion he said it was
necessary for Moses to cross where he did In
order that the miracle connected with the
march might be porformcd; But never could
performed. could not have taken. place. on dry
land as well as on the bottom OF the Red Sea;
My opinion Is that Moses was hard pressed and
he was outgeneralled With the assistance OF
the Almighty he succeeded. A military man
would be excused for fordinRa creek or river.
the sea. As a military leader Moses would not
have had the rank Of Corporal In this day.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-05-04

FROM me tOhTleT-JOuTHdt.
FRASKFoRr, KY, April 2S.-Thei incident of to.day's
proceedings in the Sommers trial was the unusual
act Of Juror Lew B. Lee. a sanctihed Methodist, in
praying loudly to the Almighty to direct the actions
OF himself and his fellow Jurors in the straight and
narrow path in arriving at a verdict. The prayer
was made shortly after the case was given to the jury
at 1925 o'clock this morning.
The room TO which the jury retired to make it's yer.
diet ia directly over the courtroom in which the trial
WAS held, III the second story of the Court House. The
Jury had retired but 4 few minutes. and Judge Can
tr.ll was hearing the motions of attorneys in the
courtroom below, when loud shouting was heard. 1t
disturbed the Court, and Sheriff Suter WAS directed
20 see what was the matter. Surprising that tho
shouting came from the county Jail, which Is close
by. the Sheriff rushed in that direction, followed by
a crowd from the Court House. when he got outside
he dis, overed whence the noise came. He ran up
the stairs to the Jury room and found Lee standing
In the midst Of his fellow Jurors. with eyes and arms
uplifted, and calling loudly on the Lord TO direct tho
action of the jury.
Those close enough to hear his words say that Lee
called upon the Almighty to look down upon the
Jurors assembled and direct them in the proper
course to be pursued in reaching their verdict. He
prayed that they be shown the case in its true light.
that they might do nothing that would injure an limo.
cent man. He reminded his fellow jurors that they
would have TO meet all OF the parties to the case in
the world TO come. and they should govern them
selves so as not to be reproached then. Juror Leo
closed by saying that he felt that the Lord would di.
rect him in the ease.
Lee is a reputable farmer of the county. He has
served a number of times as a jurur in the Franklin
Circuit Court, but never before prayed openly in the
juryroom. He Is said TO be an earnest believer in the
sAnctIhrAtiOn idea.
After dSiiberating the entire day the jury reported
that it waA unable 10 reach . verdict
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-05-04
The Wine Countries Of the World.

For several years France has led again
the wine-producing States Of the world.
She has recovered to a large extent from
the ills that befell her vineyards and placed
her steadily behind Italy and Spain in the
eight years from 1884 to 1891. Her last
years production, however, $50, sol 900
gallons, exceeded that Of Italy by only
80 900, 900 gallons. France, Germany and
Austria-Hungary were the only great wine
producing countries whose yield in 1898
fell below that OF 1897.
The time seems to have gone when
France so far surpassed all other countries
in the quantity produced as to be re-
garded as prominently the wine-producing
land OF the world. Nearly all the French
Mediterranean country, to be sure, Is de-
voted to the culture OF the vine and olive;
but, on tho whole, the grape crop is declin-
ing, while In the northern part Of the coun-
try, and particularly in the northwest, the
cultivation Of apples and the production Of
cider have been growing by leaps and
bounds. France has more han doubled
her cider production In fifteen years, while
the wine product Is almost stationary.
While France has long exported wine to
the value Of $50. 900, 900, which Is approx
mately the yearly average, she imports a
great deal OF foreign wine for home con-
sumption, amounting almost to the value
OF her wine exports. Thus in 1895 her
total imports were POI ,64e, 600 gallons,
more than six times the total product OF
the United States in 1903.
Italy's product last year was $40, 1877, 800
gallons. The termination OF the Commer-
cial treaty between France and Italy in
1887, and the imposition by France OF an
almost prohibitory tariff, had a disastrous
effect upon Italian exports OF wine. Since
1890 these have been only about half what
they formerly were, Tho country exports
but about one-ifteenth OF her wine. the
rest being consumed at home. Her imports
arc very small; Italy suffered later than
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-05-04
A Curious Test.

"Put n hundred men in a room" said
SAMUEL j. T1LDEN to a friend one day,
submit any proposition to them, however
sound, and there will be found some to OPP
pose It," It's human nature.
There is no more conclusive evidence Of
the view held by the majority Of Americans
upon expansion than a list OF those who
oppose 1t. EDWARD ATKINSON. CARL
SCHURz, +. L. GoDKIN and Prof. GEORGE
d. HEBRON OF Iowa University are lights
OF anti-expansion, cranks, failures, or anti
Americans all.
Upon most questions having to do with the
pcopleand Government Of the United States,
ATKINSON, SCHURz, GoDKIN & Company
will be found thinking alike, and in opposi-
ton to what is thought by the American
people. 1t is n contemplate sort Of guide
post, but it is generally trustworthy.
The character of tho anti-expanslonists
shows that the national sentiment for ex-
pansion is simply overwhelming.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-05-04
The Partisans OF Miles Now Attack
the Court.

Our stalwart Democratic contemporary,
the Washington Times, lays before the pub
lie the argument sustaining Gen. MILEs's
attack upon the administration OF the army
with n simplicity and a directness that leave
no room for misunderstanding "As far as
the public is concerned, the evidence before
the Beef Court has been conclusive that the
refrigerated meat issued to the army was
chemically treated"
Misstatement can no further go. II black
is white, what the Times says can be true.
1t cannot be true upon the principles OF evil
dence and OF fact that obtain among man
kind. The evidence that the fresh beef fur
nished TO the army was chemically treated,
evidence which Gen. MILES said before the
assembling of the court that he had In a
form that was overwhelming, is contempti-
bic. 1t consists of a small experiment by
DR.. DAILY, the merits Of which have been
contradicted by expert testimony. What
more conclusive proof practically can there
be than the fact that Gen. MILEs's advocate
before the court Of inquiry, Major LEE.
summed it up in an argument that the beef
must have been treated with chemicals be-
cause some letters and testimony Of Gen.
EhthN pOllGsu W IiO q hCNpibS III tic
open air scventy-two hours, in the face Of
the contract actually made by which 1t was
to keep with special care for twenty-four
hours after it had been taken from the
refrigerator?
This argument was without the founda-
ton Of fact, and, to cap it all, the beef, when
taken out OF the refrigerator, spoiled with
unfortunate but natural rapidity. Major
LEE, saturated evidently with Gen. MILEs's
shameless disregard Of tho good name
OF the army. tried to cover up the truth,
not to present it for the consideration Of
the court.
The Times supplements its assertion that
the Miles charges have been proved with an
attack upon the expected verdict Of the
court by characterizing 1t as "a despicable
attempt to whitewash ineficiency, IL not
corruption" This accuses the officers COM
posing the court Of finding a verdict against
the evidence. 1t charges them with dis
honor that makes the army generally seem
to be debased and corrupt. 1t Is ar afro
cious Islander, OF course, that reaches the
country's very flag, but it is Milesism car
ried to its inevitable conclusion.
The time must 500 come when this base
less assault upon the national Administra-
| ton which has come from the half-craZy
vindictiveness OF Gen. MILES and from po-
litical partisanship elsewhere, must be Wis
tied with universal popular Indignation and
condemnation.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-05-04
Two Expansion Days.

Mr.. FLoURNoY RIVERS. a patriotic corre-
spondent in Pulaski, Tennessee, reminds
us that the anniversary OF DEwEY's victory
corresponds almost exactly with that Of
the first great step Of national expansion.
Dewey Day is May /. The anniversary OF
the signing Of the treaty with France for
the purchase Of the Louisiana territory is
April 80; and it was on May 2, ninety
six years ago, that MONROE and LIv-
ISGsToN. the two American p~lenipoten-
tiaries at Paris, shook hands over the com-
pleted transaction, LIVINGSTON remarklng
to MONROE, I'VE have lived long, but this
is the nOblest moment OF our lives"
ROBERT II. LIVINGSTON of New York was
our regularly accredited Minister to
France. JEFFERSON had sent JAMES Mon
o thither to cooperate with LIVINGSTON
in the negotiations for purchase from
France. The original idea had been to buy
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-05-04
Her Luncheon Aboard the Raleigh.

A young miss who visited the Raleigh on
Sunday became very much Interested in the
galley. whore the officers dinner was being
prepared. There were men OF four rationale
tles-a Swede. a Frenchman. a jap and a
Chinaman-engaged In the work. Calling the
piece Of bread or something OF the sort for a
souvenir. The man, looked at her with surprise
suited with the others. Then all took a turn at
R%lancing at the girl. and finally the Swede.
with an, %indulgent smile. secured a large
steak. a generous lot OF mashed potatoes and
some bread. which he brought to her with the
remark in broken English to the effect that the
Raleigh sailor boys would not see q beautiful
American girl go hungry. The young woman
was very much embarrassed at this interpre-
tation OF her request. but she ate q portion OF
the dinner. and after securing the bread as q
souvenir rewarded the sailor In turn with q
college pin. which delighted the generous
Swede beyond measure.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-05-04

ENGLISH. Ind. April 2S.-Abram Robson
horse which had been missing for two days,
noticed a large blacksnake. which reiterated
toward a cave formed. by on overhanginR ledgd
his pasture land. His horse was found lying In
this cavern. but covered by what looked to him
like n mountain OF snakes. so numerous were
the reptiles. Robson fled to his. house and
secured his shotgun; with which he returned
hausted. After the battle he Counted the
bodies OF Alb snakes lying around and over
the body OF his horse. which was dead. while
many reptiles escaped In a wounded condition.
He believes that his horse. which was a mag
nihcent animal. weighing one thousand or
more pounds. had been charmed by the reptiles
so that he was powerless to escape.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-05-04
The Seventy-frst in Cuba.

To TIRE EDITOR OF THE SuS-Sir: The writer 10
not q little amused by a perusal Of the " fairy tales"
evolved from the S~panish.American war. Now q
fellow named Keegin attempts to inform the readers
Of n New York paper that Capt. Austin and about
twenty i've men were on the hill before any mem
bers OF the seventy.hrst were there; and again.
that the regular army never did have any use for
the volunteers. and SO to keep the volunteers from
getting any credit whatever. they try to attach the
stigma OF cowardice to US"
II the members OF the Seventy. first want JUS
tce let them be Just to themselves. The first Cap
tain Of the regiment to reach tho top OF San Juan
Hill was NJ. A. Rafferty, Of IF" Company. The first
man to ford tho stream at "Helrs Crossing" was
Sidney Butler Of C Company. an employee of II.
B. Claim b Co. The first man to receive a wound
after making the ford was George NJ. Hurley Of C
Company. The first officer to greet Major Keck at
the top OF the hill" was Capt. Rafferty,, and the
Captains who took their companies down to tho
"barbed wire fence" we're Rafferty, Of F and Colds
boro of NJ. The men OF &c" Company mostly re-
ported to the Captain of "F" Company. Capts.
Meeks and Austin we're also early arrivals: but no
officer was ever ahead OF Rafferty,. and at no time
did any member Of the Third Battalion lead the
regiment into action. The regulars were justly in.
censed to read accounts Of the battle bestowing
nearly all the credit Of tho capture Of Ban Juan
on the Seventy and the rough riders" two
organizations whose claims should have been mod.
est. On the whole. however. the regulars were in
clined TO be fair to volunteers. One regular OF
high rank rushed up to Capt. Rafferty,. exclaiming as
no Rrasped the ~latter's hand: Captain, I want to
ance of 80 brave an officer" And the writer received
more acts Of kindness from the hands Of regulars,
both officers and privates. than from volunteers.
FRANK F. wISANT.
Private &C" Company. seventy.tirst New York
Volunteers.
FIIYSyuIP Y v. Nav 2.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-05-04

From the Netc Orltdns Timri. Democrat.
The careful reader OF The Messages and Papers
of the Presidents can hardly fail to be struck by
the high level Of ability displayed by the Chief
Magistrates. from Washington down to Mckinley.
OF course. our Presidents have not all been states.
men of the highest order; but they have been, with
out exception, men quite out OF the common. and
some OF them. as all the world knows, were past
masters in statecraft. The most mediocre of them
all would have been hailed as an extraordinary King.
as monarohs go in the most civilized countries across
the water.
One salient fact stands ont from the record. Two
of our Presidents were uneducated men, in the gen.
eral scceptation of that much abused term. Andrew
Jackson and Abraham Lincoln were Graded in the
direst poverty, and entered upon the struggle of life
with no training beyond that Of the common school.
Their lives were passed amid the distractions of war
and controversies OF the most absorbing sort, so
that they never had the culture which a great uni.
versity gives to its humblest alumnus. Yet these
two mighty sons OF the people possessed the secret
OF style in perfection, and their English 10 abso-
lutcly perfect, in the technical sense. Indeed. tho
history Of literature Affords no more luminous in.
stance Of the truth OF Buffon's dictum. " l., s.vl, est
Ihomme memt.''
Edward Livingston was Andrew Jackson's Score.
tary of State: william Il. Seward stood in the same
relation to Abraham Lincoln. Both OF those states.
men were publicists Of superior native ability which
had received the polish OF the most careful culture;
but o comparison of their Official uttcrances with
those OF their chiefs shows that they had not the
subtle force which Was the inalienable birth.ight OF
the wonderful men whose Ministers they were. on
the historic anniversary at Gettysburg Edward
Everett, delivered q most elaborate Grafton. Mr..
Everett was one OF the fine flowers of culture. Yet
his address lies buried beneath the waters Of oh.
livion. while Lincoln's brief discourse stands in lit
erature beside the immortal Grafton OF Pericles in
honor Of the Grecian dead.