Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-06-21

each people in Austria holds stronv,v
to Its own language and it's nao,,u1,.
raciai customs, and even the small III
visions resent fiercely any attemnt =,
unity the nation by establishing a CON,
mon Official language and a commnr
system Oh local administration. Ths
S1echs OF Bohemia insist that tho a.,
pre- snail not interfere with the no
ouiiar institutions of Bohemia and re.
oiSe StuoDornly any Invasion of tboir
racial Individuality. The compoc,
oouy or Poles in Galicia likewise puard
t',i their language and the insfi-
luions OF their province, and the small
er racial divisions make great sacri-
MES 10 preserve their historical senn-
ratenesS The confusion of tonpues =,
inuicated by the fact that 1t has bean
necessary on the occasion OF the as
sehiply OF a new Austrian parliament
10 administer the oath of office i'm eieht
different languages. A recent writn.
notes the fact that, although tho i'm.
perlal army necessarily has an off,ci.,
language, German, the different bodies
OIL troops composing 1t speak eleven
inherent languages anu dialects. And
TINS is not an indication of n mereiv
temporary condition which will .ons
yield to process of national amolwo
nation. The various races are nn,
seeking to promote a common nationa,
ity. Indeed. they are strenuousIv rp-
sisting the tendency toward amalrn-
nation that arises from the comnon
government. The only tie that hinds
them is the necessity of presenting n
united front to the great powers NJ
Europe who would gladly embrace an
opportunity to divide and conquer tho
various peoples now acknowledging n
common allegiance 10 the royal house
OF Hapsburg in the person of Francis
Joseph.
RACE OITISSTJON
The racial struggle in Hungary is less
intense than that in Austria, for al
though the population is almost as
varied, Il single race, the Magyars. so
iar outnumber any other single ele-
ment that they are able to control the
government quite absolutely. They
claim that Hungary is normally n
Magyar nation. and by recurring thar
their language be taught in all the
pubhc schools throughout the country
ana by Imposing a knowledge of that
language as qualification for voting
the MaSyars are gradually achieving IL
real nationality in their Kingdom. Still
these measures are arousing deem dis
content on the part of the other rornr
VINO ieel mat they are the subjects of
Il tyranny that is striking at their deor-
est interests
but the difficulties of the dual mon
n'ViN are not confined to the struggle
$500 VI i(uill tne c0mDOnpnt
countries. Yoked with distron.nS
austria Is aggressive Hungary ann m
me internal rivalry OF races Is added
nc rlNa!ry OF Austria as whole with
hungary as a whole. The scheme Of
government preserve" the separatcnoes
~ .nc Two monarchies rs completely as
possible. and there is little evidence ~
disposition to draw closer tore;hcr
INFLUENCE OF FRANCIS JOSEpI1
The chief guaranty of tho continue,
existence OF the dual monarchy for
niahy years past has been the deem and
almost universal loyalty to the rood
emperor. Francis Joseph. For half a
century ne has safely steered his shin
VI s'iite IN stormy seas through a mar
row ana tortuous channel Manv limos
he has apparently ESCAPED n fatal rnci,
ny the narrowest possible margin
Many observers of European noliiic.
are apprehensivc of the most serious rc1
helm. o'i '"c
Francis Joseph is a fine TYNE If
faithful ruler who enjoys the almos,
absolute confidence of his people as the
result OF life of manifest deviation 70
,hcir pest interests He has spent his
ptat energies freely for his people. His
Siihpie kindly spirit has given him n
~ III io'u on the affections of those who
nave not always approved his policv
anu MS personal influence has closed
many an opening chasm thai hoe
threatened to disrupt the monarchy
sui ne IS now an old man. and no suci
in sight H"''i''cS ID
SocialistIc agitation. anti-scr,it;sr,
ana religious strife between The Ro.
man ana protestant churches i'm addI-
tlon TO the violent quarrels of rocn
r''ahe me future of the dual monarchv
somewhat problcmatic. Very recently
A"str!a mas PASSED through norlio,
iti,,...'y storm which revealed the nos
slplii'Ies of evil latent in the wcstorn
portion of the dual MONARCHY IT. -,
ahtaSonism of races manifested i,saIr
IN some OF the most disgracefuI scene.
Oh violence that have ever disgr.n.I
parilamentary proceedings. The su.
pit'he test OF the ability of The var
a arnS .attiohs IN this great composite
empire To maintain the GeIlcaie adiust
ment o! governmental relations whin,,
now gives Austria Hungary a nI,ca
among me great powers of Euronn vii,
r non when the present sovereign dies
ne result no one can foretell.
NoTE-THIs CONCLUDES THE
STUDIES OF "GOVERNMENTs or
THE WORLD OF TO-DAY" An EX-
ANIMATION UPON THIS COURSE
AS y BASIS FOR THE GRANTING;
or CERTIFICATES WILL BE pIjR-
LlSHED ON WEDNESDAY NEXT.
EXAMINATIONS AND CERTIFY.
GATES.
At the end OF the term OF sevcntee,
weeks. a series of questions OIL each
course. prepared by Professor Sey monr
Eaton. will be published in the Vir-
ginian-Pilot. ard blanks containing the
questions viii be furnished every sub
scriber making application for same.
,..tn