The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-04-09

country. 1t is one of the richest cities
of South America, and it is growing as
fast as any town on our hemisphere. In
1870 1t had $4,000 inhabitants. Within the
next ten years it doubled its population
and 1t now has about 100000.
WORLDS BABY REPUBLIC.
Before 1 begin my tour through Brazil
I want to give general idea of the
country. 1t is the baby among the
worlds great republics the biggest in
FAINT in the international animal show.
Brazil is less than ten years old as
republican government and to what 1t
Will grow no one can tell. It has twenty
one states. some of which, like this state
of Sac Paulo, are growing so rich and so
powerful that they may break on from
the main body polite and become repub-
lies themselves. Each of the Brazilian
states has it's local politics and pollt-
clans. It's people are full of state pride,
and the federal union has not the
strength that it has in other South
American countries.
Brazil is so vast and it's sections are
so far apart that without better rail-
road and Geographic communications IL
will be Impossible to manage 1t well from
Rio de Janeiro. l have written some
thing about Matte Crosse. That state Is
one-sixth the size of our whole country.
How long do you think it takes the Ieo-
oral officials to get to 1t from Rlo oe
Janeiro? 1t requires more than Hlouen
bv steamboat The distance is 3,S40 miles,
for one must go clear around by Monte
video and up the Paraguay and other
rivers to reach its capital, Cuyapa- IL
the capital of the chief province OF the
Amazon. and Para. at the mouth OF the
Amazon, is as far away from Rio almost
as 1t is from the United States
q, tell YOU. this is big country. 1t Is
the Russia of the South American con-
tinent. 1t is as big as the United States
without Alaska and our outlying posseS-
sions. 1t ranks fifth among the great
countries of the world. 1t is longer from
north to south than from Pittsburg TO
San Francisco. and wider from east to
west than from New York city to SAT-
Lake. 1t comprises about half OF ali the
land of South America, and it has In II
more than half the people.
A PORTUGUESE CONTINENT.
We look upon South America as Span
ish continent 1t would be just as proper
to call it Portuguese contlnent. Luz
Brazil is Portuguese, and It's lS,ooo,ooo peo-
pie speak the Portuguese language Inc
BraziIians are different from the other
South Americans. They have character
and customs of their own, and they are
now for the first time running their own
country for themselves, and that upon re-
publican methods.
I find Brazil far different from what
supposed it to be- Many of you look upon
it as a vast lowland forest, with mere ana
there a coffee plantation or RUBBER
grove. and all around and everywhere
the ghost of the yellow fever. The real
Brazil is this only in spots. 1t Is an en-
pire with soil and productions equal In
their variety to those of the United
States, and a climate in many parts as
salubrious as that of any part Of our
country.
Brazil is by no means all fiat. The
Amazon valley is a great lOwland plain
about as wide as from New York to
Cleveland and as long as from Philadel-
phia to Denver, sloping gently from the
Andes to the Atlantic 1t is covered with
forests, but much of 1t is healthful, and
on the Amazon itself the weather is cool
for a great part of the year.
South of the Amazon valley are high
lands, some sterile and others afflicted
with terrible droughts. Just below the
Amazon valley they are having drought
now, and the ships of the Brazilian gov
eminent are carrying the starving people
TO Tie VI Tie <AiudHOi
where they can get work.
Below this there are other great plains,
varying from 900 to 5000 feet above the
sea and having a climate in which white
men can live. Upon these plains there
are rich farms. Many parts of them need
only slight cultivation to make them
produce.
SOUTHERN BRAZIL.
The southern half of Brazil is the most
healthful part of the country. There are
regions near here which are as healthful
as any part of the world. / am now a
half-mile above the sea, and this is the
nature of most of the land of this re-
gion. There are about 500, 600 people in
the state of Sac Paulo. The state of
Minas Geraes, just above here, has 4000,-
600 people, and just below is the we'll
settled state of Rio Grande do Sui
Rio Grande do Sui is an agricultural
province. 1t raises wheat and meat 1t
has vast pastures upon which hundreds
of thousands of cattle are feeding. 1t
has beef factories in which more than
&,oG0,o0O worth of jerked beef was made
last year. AT the town of Pelotas alone
100000 oxen are annually slaughtered, and
there are factories there making soap
candles and manure out of the refuse.
Rio Grande do Sui has a number Of
cities in which are street railroads col
leges and daily newspapers. In the town
OF Rio Grande there are five daily papers
in Porte Allegro six and in Pelotas four
There are good banks run by Englishmen
but nearly all other businesses are man.
aged by Germans There are German
stores, cigar factories and breweries
About one-sixth of all the inhabitants
are Germans, and on this account the
country has been called West Deutsch-
land Of late large number of Italians
and Portuguese have come in, but the
workshops and nearly all the export trade