The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1899-11-27

motor holSts reamefs, chlppefS, ana so
on, all of which enter the work of mod
ern construction, accelerating produce
ton immensely, while improving the
product. But If there is any one tool
that is more indispensable that the rest
1t Is the pneumatic hammer which
makes possible the various and difficult
forms of riveting, calking chisellng.
This hammer consists of cylinder In
which a piston reciprocates, delivering
a continuous series of blows against the
end of the die The hammer is light and
powerful. For small rivets 1t can be
held in the hand but for heavier work
1t is supplied with yoke support, and
thus fitted it will drive and fit the larg-
est size rivetsn use, which are general
IN one inch in diameter. Probably the
hardest manual labor in ship and bridge
building is riveting. Combined with
this Is an amount of technical skill ac-
CURED only by long and arduouos APP
premiership, and varying with the class
of rivets driven In addition the neces-
sity for heavier plating, doublings, &c,
requires the use of larger and longer
rivets, which cannot be properly closed
down by hand. The pneumatic hammer
is practical device which has enabled
builders to surmount these and other OBJ
stacles. The air tool also saves money.
Thus while 9,255 (%) rivets were driven
at an average cost Of S57 cents apiece,
Isl, 1857 rivets We're driven by air ham
mers at an average of only 2.06 cents
apiece In fact, it will not be exasgerat-
Ing the conditions to state that were 1T
not for the various types of pneumatic
implements American builders would
not have been able to produce the
bridges ordered abroad within the time
limit, not to mention the quality of the
work The same measure applies to
ship and marine building.
New York may know that in the
chimes of st. Patricks Cathedral on
Fifth avenue, the city possesses one of
the finest orchestras of this kind in the
world, but does New York know that
these bells are rung now by compressed
air? Nineteen bells, the heaviest of
which weighs about six thousand
pounds, the lightest about three hundred
pounds, constitute the set, which has
been placed in the northern spire, $50
feet above the ground. The perplexing
question how to ring these bells salts
factorily arose as soon as they were re-
ceived from France. A committee head
by Archbishop Corrigan, examined the
various systems of chime ringing ex-
but the crudeness Of meth
DDS, expense Of installation and the
necessity of having experts attendants
caused the known systems to be reject
ed. After looking about everywhere the
finally accepted system of
compressed air and electricity, one be-
ing the motive power causing the bells
to ring, the other being employed as the
means of operating the mechanism,
which strikes the bells. Chime-bell
ringing by compressed air had never
been tried before and the ingenuity of
the inventor, Hartford G.. ; Champ Of
New York, was severely taxed to COM
plete a system which is undoubtedly
the most advanced ever used for this
purpose, The keyboard of the chimes
is in the sacristy of the church. The
operator presses key on the board cor
to the bell that he desires to
sound. This establishes an electric con-
nection, which serves to open a valve in |
the steeple admitting compressed air |
10 a piston connected with ciapper, |
which strikes the bell Electricity Is the |
rgger, and compressed air the power of
his operation. The largest orchestral
,hime in the world Is that of the church |
If st. Geman-L Auxerrois in Paris,
which set was finished in 1878. Their
consumed fifteen years, but
hey never rang successfully until last
'ear. There are fourty-four bells in the
yet, which, 1t is said will be operated
~ compressed air next year to welcome
'isitors to the Paris Exhibition.
1t might bore the lay reader to de-
cribe the new ir-tight system for.
jumping artesian wells, the hundred
md one little inventions, such as pneu-
matte track sanders for locomotives,
and blasting machines for removing
he scale from metals of all kinds, coal
utters, &c, but there are Il few things
n the way of ''air novelties which are
nest interesting. Take the work of
matchmaking. Surely no one ever
eard of any of the old machines turn
ut 1870 bushel baskets an hour. or 1900
askets a day, but compressed air
asket making machine is now doing it
| IIdN6rSe llly, MICH. lHe slaves OF |
he baskets are fastened to the hoops by
taples of wire taken from the coil join
d and driven by the machine. The
taves radiate from centre in a disk
Ike shape. To bend them into the lines
f the basket form, four processes or
lovements are made by the machine, |
Il of which are automatic, and obtained
y the medium of compressed air. The
hole combination is very simple. The
Ir is not COOLED, and the machine runs
m hours every working day,
Then there is the fountain air brush,
hich some say will soon be adopted
y artists for applying color on canvas /,
is shaped like and is but little larger
ian a lead pencil, lis handled in the
lme manner, applies color in large
Quantities in short time. and is adj |,
lstable for the finest lines.
The pneumatic mail tube despatch ,
ystem is familiar to most readers, but
lie fact that previous to 1894 it was
unknown in this country, :
I'd that since then we have made swift
strides in the field than Europe, may
Ut be generally known. Five years
70, when John Wanamaker. as Post /,
opened the first pneu-
attic mail tube line in Philadelphia, the | !,
art was made on entirely new lines. :,
lille to this day in Europe they are
sing little two and thrne inch t,1hnS |