Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1899-05-31

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has continued to develop and has
progressed toward ends of greater
utility and higher merit. For
many years learning was confined
to the churches, the monasteres,
and a few fortunatos who received
instructions under these inhuen-
ces. Very naturally, the languages
and mathematics constituted the
higher portions of the courses of
study offered by the schools of
that day. But more recently the
field of education has broadened
and our schools and colleges now
recognize the necessity of proper
study of the surroundings of man,
as we'll as man historically consid-
cred. This has introduced the
natural sciences, the study of
things and how to influence mans
environment for his own better
nent. The industries and pro-
fessions have been Systematically
studied and their fundamentals
reduced to pedagogic form for
the sake of economizing time and
labor in acquiring useful informa-
ton bearing upon the practice of
law, medicine, the profession of
the ministry and of teaching, and
but recently the practice of agri-
culture in its varied form. To
those farmers who have not had
an introduction to the study of
botany, chemistry, or geology, it
is difficult for them to understand
just how farming may be reason
ably studied and fairl y understood
without serving a lifelong APP
premiership behind the pillow
handles or with the hoe in hand.
Let me briefly state and show
how the ordinary farm operations
may be thoroughly understood,
and practiced with greater profit,
with the help of a knowledge of
chemistry, botany geology, and
physics: Let us see how such
information will not only give us
light upon particular crop, but
will, In a general way, inform us
upon the life and habits of plants
and animals, the methods OF
growth of each and every botani-
cal form of plant life, the physiol-
ogy and functions of all classes OF
domestic animals. We have plant
(for example, corn). In order tc
understand it in a general way,
we must study, first, its structure
second, its composition; third, its
physiology,a and fourth, its climatic
, and soil environment. Each Of
{ these features ofany plant may be
, Systematically studied by follow
t ing the outline indicated, which
is applicable to great variety Of
: plants.
L. Farm crops (studicd as tt
!, following points,:
Ol-Classiication:
-Cereals-Corn, wheat, oats.
2-Grasses-Tlmothy bermuda, johnson, ct
UD3-I tegumes-Altalta, field peas, beans, etc
A 4-Tubers-Potatoes, etc.
OO5-Roots-Beets, turnps, radishes, etc.
y U)6-Fibers-Cotton. flax hemp, jute, etc.
OO7-Stimulants-ToL tea coffee, etc,
, Observation-Disclosures plants, mint, etc.
Neutrality-suspicious. peanuts, cas-
sava, hops, etc,
02-Methods of improvement:
OOl-Bre ding.
> Jurisdiction.
) 2. Individual farm crops( Studio!
as to following points,:
0l-Name,
02-Structule.
III decomposition.
Oi-Physlology.
= Oj-Varietie
classification.
UR-ImpIovement.
Redistribution.
07-Cuture
OOl-Choice and preparation of soil
Y WR-Manurng.
!, -seeds.-selecton, amount, treatment.
UOf-Pianting
0O5-Cultivating
OO6-Pace in rotation.
OU7-Dirds.
0S-Harvestng.
U9-Preseryation.
0l0-Uses.
Ull-preparations for use.
l Ols-obstructlons to growth, preservation, o
use.
t0l-Bad drainage
0G-Drouth.
0U3-Weeds.
00i-Fungi
/ 0O5-BHc era.
U06-Insects.
\ 0U7-Birds.
OOS-Ouadruneda