Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1899-01-07

Great Britain, men of all parties de-
the.unconditional withdrawal
Of the French from the entire Nile val.
ley. During the Rosebery administra-
lion, in 1895, Lord Gray, had announ-
,ed in parliament that England claimed
The entire Nile valley, and that the
entrance of any other power into that
valley would be deemed an "unfriend-
|y act" France had gone to Fashoda
IN full knowledge of the English claim,
but fancied England would yield to
his. as in other matters. 1t was de-
signed to use Fashoda as an instrument
with which to reopen the whole ques-
lion of England's sole occupation OF
Egypt.
MUST BACK DOWN.
But Lord Salisbury refused to .nego-
tiate till the French withdrew from
Fashade and the Nile valley. The
British navy was modified and war
was plainly intended in case the French
refused to cancel their act of defiance.
After repeated efforts to negotiate, /"
;he French government, in view of the
vast superiority of the British feet,
ordered the evacuation of the Upper
Nile valley.
THE soUDAN.
The warlike tone of British public
opinion was accumulated by the success
ST the troops of Egypt and England
IN the operations conducted by Gener-
Il Kitchener for the reconquest of the
In the spring of 1898, with
some $4,000 men, Kitchener attacked
10000 Deryishes in q fortified position
near the river Atbara, destroying two
thirds of their number. On September
2, after long march up the Nile, the
Anglo British army, numbering 25, 900,
the Khalifa, with 10000
near Omdurman. The
Khalifa was beaten, with the loss of
some $4,000 men, killed and wounded,
and fed to Kordofan. Khartoum was
reoccupied, and a memorial service
was held among it's ruins in honor OF
Gordon-thus signally ayeng-
ed. After Omdurman there were other
fights with the Deryishes at Gedaref
and on the Nile, near Fashoda, with
The result that the entire Soudan east
Of the Nile, and much of it west of the
Nile, was brought again under Egypt's
rule.
OTHER PARTS OF AFRICA. +.
In Uganda there was continuous
fightipg, owing to a mutiny of Soudan-
ese soldiers and partly to a rebellion
Of Waganda, led by King Mwango.
The year closes with peace substantial
" restored.
In South Africa the general elections
gave the Africanders majority of one
in the assembly. The smallness of the
majority forced Mr.. Schreiner h~rg
cede redistribution Ss~ures the
party of CECIL ,ues predomiuence in
the pc-. -.ections. In the Transvaai,
he output of gold exceeds in 1898
hat of all other countries. In other
the Transvaal is in difficulties,
iew tyrannies of the beers exasperat-
ng the Uitlanders again almost to the
point of rebellion.
INDIA.
India ended the war with the tribes
IN her northern frontier by enforcing
heir submission, and new effort OF
he Mad Mullah has failed. The
plague still wastes in certain cities, but
ts ravages are somewhat restrained.
THE GREEKS. =
Greece obtained peace with Turkey
on the basis of treaty which forces
ner to pay old debts and takes away
her control of revenue. Crete, the
of the war, obtains her free
dom, thanks to the interference OF
Russia, Italy and France.
has become the scene OF
much political plotting by Bulgarians,
and a rebellion there is feared.
AUSTRIA AND ITALY.
Austria Hungary is in a state little
differing from anarchy, owing to race
and religious disputes. The past year
saw everything political in both halves
Of the empire going from bad to worse,
and its breakup is a possible event
Of 1899.
Italy, after quelling an incipient re-
bellion at Milan and other points, is
recovering her stability. The riots OF
Nav last were called "bread riots, u
but were, in reality, inspired by social,
slic and clerical discomfort.
GERMANY ACTIVE.
Germany has had prosperous year
but has had to go
through a severe financial stringency.
due to the collapse of the industrial
boom. Companies and trusts have
gone to the wall, confidence is shaken
and interest is high. The emperor's
Journey to Jerusalem is supposed to
have improved Germany's already
strong commercial position in the Sui
tan's domains. The army is again
being increased, as result, perhaps,
of. the policies of Bismarck, whose
death in July was notable event.
An "Anglo German agreement" was
formed during 1898, the terms of which
are secret. It's effect in improving the
relations OF, the two Powers concerned
is very marked. Germany no longer
England in South Africa,
China or elsewhere.
RUSSIA IN DIFFICULTIES.
Russia has been prominent by her
aggressions in China, her famine, her
large contracts for big battleships, the
czar's disarmament proposal and her
fntile effort tn borrow mOney in New