The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-07-24

oftwelve royal jar handles. nine OF which are
drawn in tho report by DIR. Bliss The stamp
on these jar handles reveals on most Of them
a creature which Mr.. Macalister suRnests may
represent butterfly. Nos. l to 4 all bear in
ancient writing the name "Shocoh below the
figure. and three OF them have the word for
king" above. The inscription reads Be
longing TO the King OF Shocoh" Two other
| handles have a similar figure and are in
| scribed To the King OF Hebron" while an
other Is probably inscribed TO tho King Of
Zirh." Shocoh is three miles to the east OF
Tell Zakariya and now bears the name OF
shuwokeh. scarab bearing the name OF
| Thothmes Ill. who conquered the region, was
| found at the site
Tell-es-s san Is also the scene OF great nrchno-
logical activity. and lively expectations are en-
tertaned as to the results OF the excavations
| at this ancient site. which ia generally re-
| Rarded as representing the Biblical Gath In
| the first section excavated here the rock was
found alta depth varying from 81 feet to 30
| feet. Tho thousands OF potsherds found
| throughout this accumulation OF Chris on
| abled DR., Bliss to recognize four strata or
periods.
| From the surface to depth OF seven feet.
we find good proportion Of Arab glazed ware
| sometimes rudely marked with patterns. Tho
other types include the jewish forms found at
| Tell Hakarlya good deal OF early
Greek ware (B. c. 700-550l. some specimens
OF Greek black and red ware (B. C. $50 $500.
and few pre-Israelite types In this stratum
| were found the foundations Of a series OF rude
ly constructed chambers. built In mortar. as
| we'll as several fallen voussoirs. These
| buildings may have been erected at the time
| OF Blanche Garde. their foundations being
| sunk in ancient debris This fact accounts
for the mixture OF styles In pottery.
| From eight feet to ten feet we have
the same ware as found In the upper stratum,
minus the Arab stuff and with less late Greek.
| In this stratum two Jar handles with royal
| stamps occurred-ope illegibls the other in
scribed. Belonging TO the King OF shocoh."
From nine feet to twenty feet occur the pre-
1sraeits types found at Tell Zakarlya. includ-
| ing Phnnician forms. From twenty -one feet
| to the rock the pre-Israelite ware continues
| but shows much greater proportion OF tho
| ledge handles and other types found in the first
city at Tell-el-Hes dating about 16oO-170o
B. O.. but rare at Tell Zakarlya
| The city walls were examined at certain
points where they were exposed They wore
| found to rest on the lowest stratum OF debris.
and this suggests that they were not built
| much earlier than the Jewish period.
| Antiquarians. biologists, anthropologists and
| the whole company OF students rho slowly and
| laboriously delve into the far back history Of
| the word and man. would seem to have been
| working on the wrong lines According to Mrs
| Besant. who has been expoundinG her views to
! the Theosophical Society. the student only has
need OF an eI banded con sciousness" and then
| he can examine conditions that had long
since disappeared. For him tho pages OF his
| tory were not in the written book but in the
| very fabric OF the world, and he could turn over
| page after page and read volume after volume.
| learning how man In the past had grown. and
| how he had climbed from his earliest begin
nings. That wider view Of life enabled tho
| student to look with calmer heart and clearer
vision on the problems OF the present. For
him these did not present themselves in mad
| deninR tangle straining the heart and bewider-
| ing the intelligence. He Was able to sec them
| as part Of an unfolding scheme. to recognize
| them as portions OF mighty whole. Then
| things that were dark became illuminated,
parts that were sad lost their gloom and were
pregnant with hope"
Exactly how an expanded Consciousness con-
| fers this wonderful hndsight upon its fortunate
| possessor Mrs. Besant omits to explain. But
| she gives an outline Of the evolution OF man.
which she says may be divided into three main
| stages. The first stage Is described as one OF
| emotion. First OF all. in the long long past
| stage OF evolution. man was trained. helped.
| forced to evolve by the compusion OF an ex-
formal law. Within the limits Of the social
order into which young humanity was born
| and In which 1t passed its infancy II found
| itself surrounded by forces to which II was
almost compelled TO yield. so that duty was a
matter OF external computation That was
| stage TO some eItont OF tho emotions. Man
| kind was more emotional than rational. moved
| more by feelings than by reasoned conclusions
| or intellectual ideas"
In the second stage duty gives way to the
| idea OF rights. Rational man asserted his in
dependence and " fought for his rights rather
| than obey laws and duties i'm posed by com
| pulsion from without" The third stage
| OF evolution will find man ruled not by the
| compulson Of an external law. not by the as
| sertion OF his own rights and the recognition
OF the rights OF others. but by the spontaneous
| outpourinC OF a life needing no external law"
| Mrs. Besant then gave . short &C count OF the
| social conditions which existed in Atlantis,
tho great continent which has so long dsap-
| peared from the surface OF the earth. But the
| expanded consciousness" enabled the lee
| turer to know all she needed about this mys-
| FERROUS land. by means OF the expanded
| consciousness" she said they found existing
| there at the very summit Of its social evolution
| polity carefully organized and graded. ruled
| BY despotio rulers whose despotism was
| welcome everywhere that II was joyfully &C.
| cepted. willingly obeyed. These were Kings
| and teachers belonging not to the humanity
| over whom they ruled but men from another
| and older world. They came to help this
world In its evolution. to guide its dawn
| ing powers. They were mighty King in
| itiates who had left their stamp on the
| civilizations OF the past. The great civil
| izatons Of Egypt and China were from the
| Albanian stock. Those who had seen the re-
| mains OF the wonderful buildings and bridges
| In China brought back some Glimpses OF what
| in the ancient days were the powers over ma
ture Of those who founded its ancient cvi2a-
ton. In the politics they founded everything
was done by authority Ignorance had the
claim to be protected. taught and helped but
It was never dreamed that 1t had the right to
rule. nor to use the power OF numbers TO over
bear the wisdom OF the few. As intelligence
| grew stronger the guides and rulers gradually
let go the power and then began the COMPETE
ton between man and man and class and class"