The Hawaiian gazette., 1899-04-04

I fuf that mHifiI ans Nhrfn Nifhlh me
lris limits The Csihoiir ccmei'iY 10
par lcularls objectionable u 10 ~
0sefcros ded that u h nos hardly poe
sible 20 make m intefmfui without
I opening ono uf more old graves. Fnr-
/ ihef than that the depth ~ soil above
the isyol ~ ere ground water "a not
m''iclent 20 allow ~ n proper burial
D. would bs a crest mistake 90 esisb-
Ush a cemetery upon ground thai viii
ultimately In the natural growth Of the
city. be- surrounded ~ DWELLING.
Now that there b. railroad 10 pro-
vide transportation. distance Is no
longer a factor. a. n vas formerly.
Interments within the city limits
should bs prohibited by law. and In
the course Of time Il would improve the
sanitary and aesthetic features Of the
town 90 exhume the bodies now lying
In some OF the cemeteries situated In
the heart Of the city and re-lnter them
In a large general cemetery. which we
are greatly In need of and which should
be- located beyond the farthest bound
aries ~ Greater Honolulu, the Homo
lulu OF the future.
One naturally expects the air OF Ho-
nolnlu TO De pure after blowing as II
does across thousands Of miles OF sea
and less than ten miles OF land. and yet
II l. not above suspicion. II IL pure
when II reaches our shores, because
sea air b. the purest that can be founn,
but II h contaminated IN the town IT.
self Germs OF disease are undouDted-
ly numerous In the aust. Every con-
sumptiye individual who expectorates
In the streets scatters broadcast the
germs ot Tuberculosis. The sputum
soon dries, Is incorporated IN the dust
and may he carried TO our respiratory
organs by the very winds which we
consider 50 refreshing.
Unwholesome yapors arise from our
polluted soil and stagnant pools.
Perhaps All Of Won have not had your
! attention called as forcibly as ! have
10 the heavy yapor that nightly en-
shrouds the lower levels Of the town
from Kalihi 20 Diamond Head. This
cloud appears 10 me TO grow IN den
sity with the growth Of vegetation and
TO he composed mainly Of moisture, but
II undoubtedly contains an appreciate
amount Of noxious yapOr that arises
from decomposing animal and yege-
> table matter In and on the soil. and
probably also malarial poison. ] will
= refer 10 this again when We come "a
the consideration u the soil.
The water supply OF Honolulu Il
/, derived from two sources. the noun.
tain streams and the artesian wells
The former. especially Nuuanu stream
! a surface water, contains a large per
lcentage Of organic matter particularly
/, after II has been stored In the reser
yoirs, which TEEN with aquatic organ
iBms. In this condition. in my opinion
, II Il unfit for domestic use. II Is no
9 likely TO be contaminated with human
excreta. but IL may he the vehicle 70
conveying the plasmodium malariae
and the eggs OF various intestinal par
asites.
The aTtesi5D water IL free from tbi
3 faint, but IL IL rich In mineral In
|, Igredients. which might ultimatel
n cause some trouble.
When we come TO consideration o
the soil we are brought face TO fac
e with that which Is most Objectionable
n from q sanitary standpoint.
We deceive ourselves with the lde
that the substratum Of volcanic ash !
, an efficient agent for the removal o
g sewage. This is an objectionable san
itary sin. II Is porous and will allo,
a fluids 10 seep away, but It will onl
q carry those substances that are in so
luton. Solid particles will surely re
U main In the Ieighborhood OF the cess
pools or vaults, every one Of which 1
4 a fostering focus OF putrid organic mat
n ter. when We consider the thousand
~ people who have lived In Honolulu
since IL was founded and have mad
o this use Of the black sand II is impos
siblc TO think OF IL in any other llgh
Is than that Of vast reservoir OF de
/, composing and putrld excrement.
d source OF unhealthy yapors and sick
ening odOrs.
eel The ground air that IL the mir oc
4 leupying the spacas between the narti
}. cles OF dirt becomes fouIed by the do
v composition that is constantly goIn,
: on and then IL driven on Inv the nbysi
y cal conditions which will cause It's dis
= placement, such az q rise OF the leye
= Of the ground water, differences in ten
1 perature between the ground air ant
II that aiiaya the gurfare rrhia NJ