Catoctin clarion., 1899-11-16
No 81
SPAIN'S DECADENCE.
HER POSSESSIONS DWlNDLING AND
HER POWER VANISHING.

Once Her Army and Navy Were Famous
For Their Prowess--s haA She Has Lost
in Two Conturiss-Whils OTHERS Were
Acquiring She Wont Down Hill.
On his accession to the Spanish
throne Philip II. found himself ruler Of
the greatest empire the world had seen
since Rome was at the zenith Of its
power It's navies were famous for
their greatness and they ruled the
ocean, its armies were famous for
their prowess, she swayed the destin-
les OF Europe, had possessions in all
the continents, and may be said to
have owned the Americas, North and
South. Samuel Johnson, writing as
recently as 1740, when complaining OF
the poor peoples hardships, said:
"Are there no regions yet unclaimed
by Spain?
Quick, let us rise, those happy lands
explore,
And bear oppression's insolence no
more"
marriages, conquest and discoveries;
its decline and fall may be ascribed to
the ruthless character Of the Spanish
people. The Inquisition and bull fight
ing were evolutions from this char
acter; Torquemada and the matador
were no more cruel than the nature Of
the people required. Cardinals were
frequently prime ministers, and Tam
erlane never treated Central Asians
more mercilessy than Spain treated
the Indians of North America. When
Columbus discovered st. Domingo it
had a population Of 2,0OO,0Oo; in 1880
this population had dwindled 10 $780,
900. Cortez in Mexico and Pizarro III
Peru were ideal Spanish conquerors.
In the latter part Of Philips reign
Spain lost all, or nearly ALL of her de-
tendencies in North Africa, and early
in the next reign Burgundy, Naples,
Sicily and the Mlanese.
1609-The Netherlands.
162S-Malacca, Ceylon, Java and
other islands.
1640-Portugal.
164S-spain renounced all claim to
Holland.
1G48-Rrabant and parts Of Flanders.
l649-N.aestricht HertOgenbOsch,
Breda, Bergen-op-zoom, and many
other fortresses in the Low Countries
In this year also she tactly surren-
dered supremacy on the seas to North
ern Europe.
1659-Rousillon and Cardague.
Those places were ceded to France.
thus making the Pylenees the bound
ary between the two countries.
1668-Other sections of Flanders.
l672-Many towns and cities in Flan-
ders.
1704-Gibraltar.
1704-Majorca, Minorca and Ivizza.
1791-The Nootka Sound settle
ments.
1794-St. Domingo.
1800-Louisiana.
i802-Trinidad.
lS19-Florida.
1siO-21-Mexico, Venezuela, Colom-
bia Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chill, Ar
gentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Patago-
ma, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua
San Salvador, Hayti, San Domingo, be-
sides numerous islands retaining not a
foot OF ground in Americ..
During all those years, while other
nations were discovering new regions
or capturing those discovered or con-
quered by Spain, the land of the Cid
Campeador was going steadily down
the hill. The only time she stood
still for a moment was In 1860, when
Marshal O'Donnell took Tetuan and
Ceuta from the Moors.
In the heydey Of Morosco ascendant
cy Spain had population Of 1000 ,000,
in the time of Ferdinand and Isabella
10000, 900, and in the beginning of the
eighteenth century only 100000. The
present population Is about 1S,00O,O0O.
1t may be said in conclusion that ed
ucation in Spain Is limited to compara-
lively few. Thirty or forty years ago
1t was no disgrace for Spanish gran
dee not to be able to write his name.