davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-04
,vt.nt VIC hrc.noinr.

We are building two houses IN Park
Il New row. we Will hui!i you one with
ii8naodern improvements on very easy
IA e41rls- Why pny rent when you can
4 Est ~ house ff y,ourso DIV n SO easy? For
sfsia saart!cuIars 8 call IN the Seaboard
Y A6slg Tss,6.ss teanp any,s214 High street.
sSs1 Ira " 4 ,sss
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-04
BURGLAR SHOT At.

Yesterday morning, between Q and 8
o'clock Mr.. Dunford who lives on Vir-
ginia avenue, between County and Co
lumhia streets, saw man on his fence,
who was IN the act of trying to get up
on a shed ut his home. lie Immediately
opened fire on the man, who dropped
10 the ground, carrying part OF the
fence with him. Mr.. Dunford started to
where the man was, thinking that he
had crippled him, but before he got to
the man he started off on Il run. Mr..
Dunford fired two more shots at the
Neeing man, and he thinks with good
eiiect, but he succeeded in getting off.
lie could positively identify the man
were lie to see him again.
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-04

LloR HIRE HORSES AND We
u h:clcs of all kinds. kentucky driv-
ing and saddle horses: new top Iiuggies,
rubber tres or bicycle wheels: Shetland
Ponies, Carts and Harness for Indies and
children. They are beauties. Special at
tep;ion paid to boarding and transient
trade COME and see me: Ciover's old
phone 1907. 2. c. CODDA,
For Sale Shetland Pony. Cart and
Harness; weight $50 pounds; height IS in.
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-04
TELL TITO YOUR FRIENDS

There is one place In the city where
you can get anything that Is kept In n
first-class Drug Store, such as PrescrIp-
lions. Patent and Proprietary Medicines.
Cigars, Snuffs Fancy and Toilet Articles,
and that IS S. w. WEAVER'S PHAR.
MACY, corner Green and Queen streets,
Old oes sFhSns 2s7S Portsmouth, Va.
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-04

Your pick of big lot of ChIldrcn's
Suits, which we've sold at SI.00, s5.01
and sG.oO. not all sizes. but possibly
you can have 'cm for...... R%.SO
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-04

One hundred Mems Atwood Suits
ODDS and ends OF lots which we sold
ut Sl2 and $l5. and which are worth
every cent OF that now-but they
mus. go. qrick!y-so take ,Hi7 no
%ouf pick for ... 81 .IC
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08

Physicians are interested in . new
treatment for appendicitis which has
Just been successfully tried by DIR.
George j. Helmer Of this city. Hereto
fore . surgical operation has attended
the treatment oil such cases. DR.. Hell
mer does not employ the surgeons
knife. The patient on whom the treat
ment was tried was Q young woman hv-
ing 10 Harlem. Her attending phys'-
clans favored the usual operation. Dr.
Helmer frst tried his plan. This Is
simply forcing out the matter which
clogs the appendix by superficial treat
ment. The largest muscle OF the human
body. the psoss msgnus. which is just
back Of the appendix, lie manipulated
with the hand in such . way that .
spssmodio contraction causes il to snap
back against the vermiform appendix.
forcing out Of that organ any foreign
substance ID may contain. In the case Of
the young woman she was relieved in
eight minutes.-New York World.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08

This years crop Of spuds Is being har-
vested in Lincoln county and bring 6
cents per pound.
The Elko baseball club beat the Battle
Mountain club Al winnemucca on the
Fourth by Q score Of 20 70 s.
John Rosser OF Carson has been awarded
the contract for furnishing the State
asylum at Reno with beef at nine cents
per pound.
Orders have been received from Wash
iDgton disoharsing Hirsch Harris, Paris
Ellis and Tom Connors from the Carson
Mint.-News.
Jim Brown, the Elko horse thief, has
not been located. A clew to the effect
that he had made tracks for New Mexico
proved elusive.
Frank Carter, employed In the DeLamsI
mill, Lincoln county. was the lsst victim
OF inhsling mill dust. dying from thai
cause June IS.
The school census shows 1,130 school
children in Virginia and 492 in Gold Hill,
Virginia district has lost $50 children and
Gold Hill 81 since the last census.
A bsrkeeper at winnemucca Was shot in
the groin by one Of the colored soldiers Of
the 25th infantry. while the train stopped
in that town for Q short time ThursdsJ
evening. During the excitement, the
soldier got ont Of the way, and as "sl
coons look alike" the wounded man could
not identity him. and the train pulled on
with ell the troops on board.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08

Tulare Register: Why the average
editor is . poor mouthpiece for voicing
public sentiment is easy enough to
understand if one knows the habits Of
that particular sort Of human mole. He
is . c~loister man. On Q morning daily
from 3 o'clock in the afternoon until 3
o'clock next morning he is in his cell,
which looks out on an alley or . back
street, pouring over editorials written
by other cloistermen and writing his
own opinions, or those voiced by the
business Office (which lie very likely
under control, for . valuable considers
ton, Of some business INTEREST,", and
fancying such opinions are those which
the public holds. If the press is to voice
public sentiment. it must discharge its
editorial writers, cut off communication
between the editorial room and the bust.
ness office and let the reporters put in
odd times writing editorial paragraphs
depicting the busy world and its opinions
AZ they see them. The average editor ia
q turtle, and turtles are not in touch
with substantial public sentiment.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08

WASHINGTON. July 5.-The sudden rise
In copper is responsible for extraordinary
difficulties now confronting the Chinese
currency system, according to United
States Consul Fowler. The result has
been that the cash or subsidiary Chinese
coin Is now worth much more than its
token value In silver. In fact. the Chi
nese government is paying 1.35 tsels for
the copper and zinc ont Of which is mintsd
enough cash to make one tael in the sggre-
gate. The Consul says that in the end the
present scarcity in cash will cause the
issue Of silver subsidiary coinage.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08
MINING


mining anu cCttuhuC EfoSo
The State Of Nevada lie finally realizing
that il its few inhabitants would devote
less time 10 politics and more 10 the
development Of that States great mineral
resources the outcome would be more
financially satisfactory.
By hard work, those who are not starved
on the way nor overcome by the intense
heat can pan out ST so per day at the San
Rogue placers in Lower California. Like
the Klondike lies, the glittering stories
from torrid San Rogue are largely in the
interest of transportation companies.
In '93, Utah smelters cut wages 10 per
cent. When the eight-hour law went into
effect, arbitration resulted in q restoration
Of the scale paid before '9S, that is. the old
standard was resumed, the men being now
paid under the present system two-thirds
TO four-Afths Of what they had been paid
when working twelve or ten hours per day,
respectively. Bingham, Utah, miners are
paid from s2.25 to s2.75 per day. according
TO the weiness OF the ground; at Mercur
$3.50 is the standard. At the Hammer
Utah, smelter the present scale is: Day
foremen. s144 per month; night foremen'
sS.25 per day; master mechanic, s125 per
month; engineers, twelve hours work
1915 per day; lsborers. eight hours work,
81 40 a dav: crushermen, eight hours,
"a. 40; boiler and fremen, 81 &c; rooster
fremen, s1.66; suppliers, 81 $50; rooster
helpers. s1.50; furnacemen, $500; fur
mace helpers, 81. so; feeders, $500; black
smiths, ten hours, $500; yardmen, ter
hours, s2.25; tesmsters, ten hours. 1925
unloading cars. 20 cents per hour. Up tc
June /, at the Denver, Colorado. smslserI
the twelve hours per day wages for fur.
nacemen were s2.75; tsppers, s2.25; oshel
yardmen, 81 60.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08
NEWS NOTES.

The London Star says: The Tod Sloane
assault case has been finally settled BY the
payment Of 81 900 to the waiter.
The San Francisco Board Of Health hai
declared that the two Japanese drowned
in the bay had the bubonic plague. The
men were stowawsys on the steamship
Nippon Maru.
Paderewski has returned from an outing
on the Continent, and made his first pro
fessional appearance at q concert given By
William Waldorf Aston. The eminent
pianist confirmed the repor. Of his mar
risge to the Baroness de Ross. They wert
welded in Warsaw, May 3lst.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08


Could anything be funnier than this
from the New York Sun:
To the Editor Of the Sun. Sirs: How
is this as an illustration Of the difficulties
of translation? l was in Venice when
the news of SIMPSONS victory came. and
with my limited knowledge of Italian l
was just able to make out from the
morning paper that he had destroyed the
Spanish feet aud that there vas great
rejoicing on our ships after the fight;
and wanting particulars. took the pa
per to Prof. Rovsrs. who speaks almost
perfect Scholars English" and asked him
to translate it to me. which he did in ex.
cellent style until he csme near the end.
when, with Q little hesitation. he read.
''And the band played, The Flag with
the Stars on It, and 1T Will Be Very
Warm in the City this Evening" IL
was about q minute before / recognized
the last piece. ID. j. u.
Brooklyn, June 18th.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08

The struggles Of labor for . decent
share in the wealth that it helps to
create are going on all over the country.
Iron, steel and tinplate workers. street
car workers, miners and packers, in vast
numbers are striking for better wages or
against reductions Of their present earn
ings. But the bank clesrings show
decided gains and we are told reasursingly
that the country is prospecting. Perhaps
it is, but labor seems to be left out Of the
calculation.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08
one Cuttinx Enough.

A man living in Sanford, Me-, has
this statement sewn to his undershirt.
"My appendix has been cut out" and
he explains his case in this way: "You
see, these are the palmy knitting days
of the surgeon. Ii q man falls in a fit,
faints, or happens to lose consciousness
for any reason, they cart him off to
the hospital and operate for appendi-
citis without waiting for him to come
to and say what ails him. I've been
sliced open once, and don't banker
after encores.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08

The Tinplate Trust is the greediest OF
all the tariff litter. In three months it
has raised the price Of tinplate from 81. 90
TO "a. 10. the English product being sold
at 81. 70. OF its charter capital of $50
900. 600, S3s. 900, 900 is wholly fictitious.
and experts say that the net profits Of
the trust this year will surely exceed
SIS, 000. 900. or nearly one.half the amount
of its entire actual capital. Bat the
trust refuses 10 accede to the demand of
its ~orkmen for . 20 per rent rise in
wages, and the mills will shut down.
throwing from 40. 900 to $4,000 men out
of employment.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08
Sacramento Sunday News: The secu

Sacramento Sunday News: The secu-
lar press, with irrevsrent regard for the
propriety of things. 10 discussing the
question Of how much ought . preacher
of the Gospel receive, Show us the
preacher and we can reply without
hesitation. A preacher Of ripe education.
sincere and broad-minded, il worth
more than any congregation will ever
pay him, bat the mere theoloeian isn't
worth the powder to blow him out Of the
ehaneel.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08

That irrigation brings with il numsr-
Gus small and prosperous farms is shown
by the last census report. This indicates
that in 1890 one-half of the total area
irrigated in the arid and sub-srid States
and Territories was operated by small
holders. Out Of the "a, 1876 holdings
upon which crops were raised by irriga-
ton. over 81 per cent averaged 81 acres
aaoh
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08
Destructive Blaze at Reno.


RENO New, July 4.-Fire broke ont at
the southeast corner OF Second and Viz
ginis streets al 10 o'clock in Q row OF
frame buildings and for Q time seemed
beyond the control of the fire department.,
but after Q hard fight was confined to the
area Of one fourth OF q square fronting
half Q block each way on Second and Viz
gipia streets. The spread Of the fire was
so rapid that little or nothing was saved
from any Of the buildings. Indeed, il was
with difficulty that some Of the occnpant Is
escaped from the rapidly burning build
ings. Across Virginia street considerable
damage was done 10 the fronts by the heat
and to the contents Of the buildings by
water. Among those damaged by
the heat and smoke were the
Wsshoe County Bank. H. J. Thyes, whole.
sale liquor merchant, the Porteous Decor
ating Company and Folsom Il Cshlsn.
groceries. Across Second street the side
Of the fine business block recently erected
by Mrs. Oscar ]. Smith was somewhat
scorched. Altogether the loss Is estimated
at from $40, 900 to $25. 200, with but little
insurance. The fire is believed to have
started ct the rear OF Daniel Mays shoe
factory. but NO clew to the cause Is obtain
hla
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08
BAD RAILROAD ACCIDENT.

An Elko dispatch Of July 5 says: East
bound train No. l was wrecked two and
one.half miles west OF Elko al 8 O'Clock
this morning. Five passenger coaches,
two mail and one express car are in she
ditch. One Pullman, n day coach and
the engine remsined on the track. The
train was running at thirty. five miles pei
hour and was in charge OF Conductor
Middleton and Engineer NJ. Sholl. The
injured are Mrs. @. Lawson Of Grass Val
ley. CAL. severe scalp wound; Mrs. M. E,
Hassel. Pacific Grove, CAL, severely
bruised; Mrs. Frank Cleland, San Fran
cisco, cut on tie head; G. A. Lynch o.
Denver, Pullman porter, leg broken; Mrs
NJ. s. Endriss. Coloms, CAL, head cut ani
severely bruised. Several other psssen-
gers were slightly bruised. All the in
jured were brought 70 Elko and made
comfortable. The Elko baseball club
were in the day coach that remained OF
the track, and all escaped injury. Con
sidering the speed the train was running
il was almost q miracle that half the pas
sengers were not killed. The wreck wsl
caused by 9 spread rail.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08
shortrIdge MarrIes Again.

State Senator Charles NJ. Shor.ridge,
whose wife secured Q divorce 9 fortnight
ago. Was married last Saturday at Carson,
Nevada, TO Miss Elizabeth Wright, who
has been q student at the San Jose Con-
ssrvAtory Of Music.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08

"We have sold many different cough
remedies. but none has given better salts
faction than Cham berlsin's," says Mr..
Charles HolzhAuer, Druggist. Newark. N.
J. at is perfectly safe and can be relied
upon In all cases Of coughs, colds or
hoarssnsss." Sold by Mrs.H. N. Schneider
d Co., Druggists.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08

III think my wife will stay at home
this Summer"
"How do you know?"
"She doesn't like my taste, and l
told her l thought I'd have the house
papered all over if she went away"
Chicago Record.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08
Is 1T RIGHT
Is IT RIGHT
For an Editor 60 Recommend Pat
emit Medfefnes?

Is IT RIGHT
Fer an Editor 90 Recommend Pat.
emit N edfeines?
From Sylvan Valley News, Brevrsd, NC
/. may be o question whether the editor
Of q newspaper has the right to publicly
recommend any Of the various proprietary
medicines which food the market, yet as
preventive OF suffering we feel IL q duty 10
say q good word for Chamberlain's Collie,
Cholera and Disrrhoea Remedy. We have
known and used this medicine in our fam
lily for twenty years and have always found
it reliable. In many cases a dose Of this
remedy would save hours OF suffering
while a physician is awaited. We do not
believe in depending implicitly on any
medicine for q cure. but we do believe that
il q bottle Of Chamberlsin's Diarrhoes
Remedy were kept on hand and admins
tered at the inception OF an attack much
suffering might be avoided and in very
many cases the presence Of q physician
would not be required. Atleast this has
been our experience during the past twenty
years. For sale by Mrs. H. NJ. Schneider
& Co., Druggists.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08
RAINING TAX.

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT THE
~ taxes ON the proceeds OF the mines of
Eureka county for the quarter ending June
80. 1899. are now due and payable to mt NJ
my once in Eureks; and the Law In regard to
the same will be strictly enforced.
J. b. RIDDLE
Assessor Of Eureka county. Nevada.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08
A Plant that Nears Perfection.

The cynside plant at the Ell Dorado
canyon. Arizona, is proving TO be one Of
the successes OF the age. The values are
being saved up to 9s per cent. the highest
ever reported with this process.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08
Eureka and Palisade Railroad Company
TEACHERS EXAMINATION.

NOTICE is HEREBY GIVEN THAT THE
~ County Board Of Examination will hold
its second semi-annual examination for
teachers certificates in the District Court
Room in the Courthouse at Eureka, Nevada.
commencing on Monday, July 10, 1899, at 8
O'Clock A. NJ, sharp. and will continue until
and including Wednesday, July IA.
GEO. A.. BARTLETT,
County Supt. OF Public Schools.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08
Notice to Creditors
In the Third Judicial District
Court OF the state Of Nevada, I'm
and for Eureka County.
In the Matter of the Estate of Il. P. Merritt.
Deceased.

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT THE
~ undersigned was. on the 10th day OF
June, 1899. by the above-entitled Court. duly
appointed executrix of the last will and Tesla
ment of r.. P. Merritt, deceased, and having
duly qualified as such, letters testamentsry
have issued to her.
All persons having claims against the estate
Of H.. P. Merritt. deceased, are hereby notified
that they are required to file the same with the
proper vouchers and statutory sfidsviis at
tached. with the CLERK of the above-entitled
Court. within three months from the date Of
the FIRST publication Of this notice, or they will
be forever barred.
JEANETTE X. MERRITT,
Executrix Of the Last will and Testament Of
II. p. Merritt. deceased.
Eureka. Nevada, June 10, 1899. je24-4w
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08
Notice to Creditors
In The Third Judicial District
COurt OF the state Of Nevada, I'm
and for Eureka County.
In the Matter OF the Estate OF Lanson
Albert Merritt, Deceased.

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT THE
~ undersigned we're, on the 10th day OF
June. 1899, by the above-entitled Court. duly
appointed executrix and executor Of the Last
viii and Testament Of Lsnson Albert Merritt,
deceased. and having duly qualified as such,
letters testamentsry have issued to them.
All persons having claims against the said
estate of Lsnson Albert Merritt, deceased, are
hereby notified that they are required to file
the same with the proper vouchers and statu-
tory afddavits attached. with the CLERK Of the
above-entitled Court, within three months
from the date Of the first publication Of this
notice, or they will be forever barred.
LEILA BELLE MERRITT. Executrix.
GEORGE N. MERRITT, Executor
OF the Last VIII and Testament OF Lanson
Albert Merritt. deceased.
Eureka. Nevada. June 10, 1898. je2l.lw
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08
PACK TRAIN FOR SALE.

A FINE PACK TRAIN. CONSISTING OF
II twenty-five head Of good. gentle and
we'll broken mules. with all regular pack
sppurtenances. two saddle horses and one bell
mare. All the animals are In excellent eondi.
ton and ready to be put to work ct once. The
complete outfit will be sold for cash, or half
cash and the balance In work with the train.
said work to be furnished during the Summer
by the seller.
For further particulars apply to
G. 3. RATIO,
Secret Canyon. Eureka county. Nevada.
Eureka weekly sentinel. [volume] (Eureka, Nev.) 1887-1902, 1899-07-08
NEW TO-DAY.
BILLS PASSED
10y rHE....
COUNTY commissioners
LAT
MEETING, JULY 3, 1899.

Ordered, That the following sums of money
be slowed the following named persons, re-
spectively. to wit
Gilpin observer., 1899-01-19
Want More Room.

Mrs. Ida M. johnson, Hon. Frederick
Kruse and Thomas Cody, as COMMITTEES
from the city board Of education. asked
the city council at its regular meeting
bald on Thursday evening for more
school room for the primary department.
The matter was referred to Alderman
Trebilcock in conjunction with tho
school board. to examine into tho mat
ter. 1t is 20 be hoped that the council
will see tho advisability Of prompt action
in the matter. As the law now stands
the board OF education 10 powcrless TO
act In such cases, without tho consent OF
the council. Tho present quArtcrs Of Tie
primary department are inadcquateD J
hence prompt action 10 needed
Gilpin observer., 1899-01-19
A Great Success.


On Tuesday of this week the town was
turned over to The Owls, who took pos.
session and showed the natives how to
entertain and have good time. Early
in the afternoon the boys decorated sew
eral carriages and about fifty Owls and
citizens formed in line and paraded the
streets OF Russell, Central and Black
Hawk. The parade was the finest and
best arranged mask parade we have seen
in many years, the different characters
showing up to good advantage, especially
the twin owls" who were well repre-
sented by two young boys. After the
parade the Owls and their friends began
preparing for the grand wind. up Of the
days merrymaking. Long before the
time set for the grand march, Cannon's
Hall was crowded with spectators alone,
and after the arrival OF those intending
to dance, and they came from every por-
tion OF the county, there was present the
largest and merriest gathering we have
ever seen. Many Of the costumes were
very handsome and showed splendid
taste, while others, those of comical de-
signs, were funny enough to make mule
laugh. After several dances had been
given the event of the evening, the prize
cake walk, was announced. There was
considerable rivalry for this prize, but
the contest soon lay between two couple,
one being James Williams and Miss Mic
cum, the other George Morgan and Mrs.
McRae, the judges finally awarding the
prize to the latter couple. The prize was
a splendid S25 cake donated by Mr.. M.
Steadman. and s. gold piece given by
the Owls. The other two prizes OF $3.50
each were awarded, one to Mrs. Fred
Bolsinger for the handsomest costume,
the other to Herman Paul and Delmar
Brown, for the comical costume, they
representing a pair OF owls. The Owl
Club may well feel proud Of their efforts
as without doubt it was the finest and
most successful masquerade ball ever
given in the county, everyone participat.
ing having most enjoyable time. The
Opera House orchestra OF six pieces fur
nished the music, which was excellent,
and dancing was kept up until about 8
o'clock Wednesday morning.
Gilpin observer., 1899-01-19
The Choicest and Best.

That is the comment made by all pat
rons of Joseph Dennis City Market, in
Edmundson block, Lawrence street, this
city. If there is anything that is dainty
in market, you will invariably find it
there. His fresh meats, fish, oysters,
chickens and turkeys, are always up to
the mark A No. l. He is polite and
attentive to all who favor him with their
pofronnua
Gilpin observer., 1899-01-19

At last Beveridge has been elected U.
8. senator in Indiana to succeed David
Turpie; Marion Cockrell in Missouri will
succeed himself; Chauncey Depew in
New York; Cushman X. Davis In Min
nesota, to succeed himself. There il q
deadlock in the legislatures of Pennsyl-
vania, Nebraska, Delaware, Washington
and Wisconsin. .s.