The Republican journal., 1899-04-20
CIVILIZATION.
No. q.

"Iu thdu lnelf own. although their nature
abhors the self restraint necessary to its
attainment. Hence it requires generations
TO develop the necessary change of nature
TO adapt the barbaric nature to civiliza-
ton. Circumstances or surroundings
affect the nature of man but not to their
full extent in a single generation. Scat
tered among the ruins of the Roman
civilization W. find an instructive love of
the civilization which they were incapable
OF adopting or even of approaching to its
tut extent The barbarians or their an
cestors had witnessed something of the
splendors of Roman civilization at its
overthrow. They felt desire to bring it
back.
Though the Christian church had been
conquered by the barbarians, it conquered
its conquerors, not by the sword like the
Mohammedan' but by its elevating and
rehned influence. One indication of a
revivlng civilization was the formulation
OF laws. In the south where Roman
society had not been so thoroughly de-
stroyed, these laws had been modelled
after the old Roman laws. Among the
oarbarlans the Romans we're judged by
Roman laws, the Franks by the Riparian
CODE, each people having its separate law,
enough dwelling together in the same
territory and under the same government.
ms was called personal legislation. In
SPAN the Church pIedominated, and here
we md The first real or territorial legisla-
uon. Instead of mems lives being valued
according to rank, all mems lives were of
equal value il the eye of the law. In
stead of the ordeal or trial by battle,
we lind proofs established by witnesses
as IN civilized society. Thus before the
oaIactnic invasion Spain, under the leader
ship of the Church, was one of the
leading nations of the world. We have
noueed the various civilizing influences,
the instructive love of goodness, though
The conditions it imposes may be abhorred
oy the debased nature, the relics of civil
Ization scattered broadcast by the Roman
Empire, and the activity of the Christian
church. Now appears a native genius
capable Of swaying the minds OF men.
HIS was the task of staying the Saracenic
nvaslon from the south and the barbaric
INVASION from the north. Charlemagne
sent men into every part of his dominions
60 improve the condition of the people
ana LATER convened the parliaments of the
Hamp de Mars for the same purpose. He
founded schools, collected libraries and
showed favols to the church. Alfred the
great did a similar work in England.
Though tharlemagnes Empire was
shattered and the church failed IN Spain,
md all the waves of civilization in Italy
eceded. the condition of society was be-
NC gradually elevated. Iuvasions have
been checked, wandering life is abandon
ed ana population becomes fixed. The
Intellect, ike the outward life, assumes a
more liked character. Man began to feel
an attachment to that home which he now
calculated To- leave to his children.
Little states were formed according t.
The capacity OF men. Feudalism, the first
social organization OF Europe was of
Germanic origin aud left the people free
to cluster themselves into small communi-
ties according to individual taste.
Monarchy. the church. and free cities
all adapted themselves to this feudal form,
out struggled against it. Feudalism was
out tie first step from barbarism. What
ever progress We make, it is achieved by
succt sslve steps which must be endured.
however ilksome the labor may be- In a
former article we have defined civilization
to he tine development OF the individual
and II MS utWald OF social condition.
IN considering the effect of events upon
this great subject we shall be taken far
ante the secrets of moral philosophy We
u
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The time has passed when all reforms
must seek the aid of fanaticIsm. We
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