davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05

lcally that electrolysis ruins gas and
water mains, and steel and iron en-
plcyed in foundations of buildings
Practical tests have been made and
the Chicago city engineer, Mr.. EIlicott
has found that the most dangerous
points on the overhead trolley lines are
On Western avenue, between Madison
Ind Van Buren streets; on Canal street
and Ogden avenue, and at nearly all
points where the Metropolitan elevated
foad intersects with the overhead troll
ey.
POINTS OF GREATEST DANGER.
This bears out the statements of
hose connected with the st. Paul city
Engineers office, to the effect that
where the point of strongest attrac-
ton is, that is, the power to defect
electricity suddenly from a piece of
metal. there is the greatest danger At
the points in Chicago named above are
located the strongest magnetic attrac-
items, aside from power houses, in
which are located the huge dynamoes
1t is the escape of electricity, not the
current itself. that produces electroy-
sis. Consequently elevated electric
roads become a source Of greater dan
ger than ground lines.
On this subject City Electrician Eli
colt says:
THE South Side elevated loses more
electricity than any other road in the
city. The return flow Of it's currents is
many times larger than any other in
the United States. The consequent
danger from electrolysis in it's vicinity
has been very great. and especially so
for the reason that the Jennings of the
rails were originally made for steam as
the motor. Changes were made in the
Jennings when electricity was adopted
but not such changes as were properly
required in the case. Now, however
In the fashion of a loop at each joint,
and it is expected that the difficulty
will be nearly, If not entirely remedied.
The escape Of electricity will in any
event be reduced to a very low mini
num-
When asked what was the effect Of
escaping electricity on the structure Of
elevated roads. Mr.. Ellicott replied
"It has no effect. When electricity
escapes the companies lose power"
There are on exhibition in the Chi
cago city electricians office quite a
number Of pieces of water pipe that
have undergone serious deteriorations
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05

ner radically different from the old method
OF applying whitewash. Ordinary lime
wash reduced nearly to the consistency
OF water is applied by means of hose with
long bamboo nozzle, very much as a lawn or
flower bed is sprayed with water. The
power power Is supnled by a portable pneumatic
pump. One man prepares the "wash.' anoth-
er man attends the pump, and the third
does the whitewashing
Ihls process, although said to be in ex
tensive use In the West. is comparatively
new mere. AS compared with the old hand
pIush method, it is not only much cheaper.
out 1t is an extraordinary time saver.
supt Mitchell, of Stephensons brewery.
says that this whtewash "sprayer'' enables
one man to do as much work in half a day
as SIX men with the old-fashioned hand
brushes DR. a9 s., can nd, do In whole day. The quail
was entirely satisfactory The sprayer nuts
on good coating of whtewash. 1T took
SIX professional whitewashers an entire dav
to TO- hnlsh off single floor in this brewery
last year, said Supt. MITCHELL with this
new method one man does the same floor in
nal half day. With regard to cost, the saw v
Ing Is very great With the pneumatic
pump and the sprayer' one dollar will 20 as
ing method ~
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05

youah honah. sub, 1t is possible foh
two men to conspiah, or foh fohty or
100 men to conspiah, sub, but 1 con-
tend, sub. that one man cannot con-
spiah, and that you cannot hold my
client in custody on such a charge,
suh!' The point was we'll taken, and
the man discharged.
Mr.. Butcher recently said to a ST.
taking Aguinaldo too seriously, sub. 1
have reason to believe that his real
name Is George Washington Smith,
and that he is an American colored
man, who was head waiter at a hotel
at White Sulphur 4prings, Va, when 1
was maxim my celebrated run for con-
gress in that state, suh 1t takes
Southern gentlemen to handle such
people, sub, and the sooner the gov
ernment finds it out the better, suh
Tell my ST. Paul friends that 1 have
fohever abolished Imprisonment foh
debt in Cook county, and am evah on
the side of the po' and unfohrunate"
G. w. Turner, for several years man
ager Of the Booth Packing company's
ST. Paul branch. is now the head of the
Chicago department of the same firm
and Is as popular in his new envi-
ronment as he was in st. Paul.
Edward Corning, an old and popular
st. Paulite, has an office In the Rook-
cry building, where is interested in a
company making a new compressed
fuel, which promises to obtain wide
use.
A. B. Wilgus, once prominent In real
estate circles here, is now loaning mon
ey in Chicago, with an Office on South
Clark street.
His son, Harry Wilgus, who will be
remembered by the sunset hue of his
plumage, Is a practicing physician on
the South side, and his meteoric ca
"a dream and a forgetting"
The real estate fraternity of Chicago
is much interested in the career OF q
young man named Duzon, who fore
gathered with them during the worlds
fair. He and his brother. both of New
Orleans, were drifting almiessly ABOUT
the country with few hundred dol
lars between them, and while in Chi
cago were much impressed by the Ma
poleonic methods of S. E. Gross and
other founders Of thriving suburban
towns.
Accordingly they returned to New
Orleans and by borrowing from their
friends they raised about $4,000, which
they invested in a tract of land in
Louisiana. Here they started town,
naming 1t Crowley, after the section
bcss of the railway running through
it. After a long struggle, during which
the Duzons were often penni1ess and
hungry, they succeeded in forming a
corporation to acquire more land I'm
the vicinity and to irrigate 1t. The re-
suit has been the reclaiming of thou
sands of acres of barren ground and
their Transformation into rice lands,
and Crowley has become a thriving
city in the center of thousands of
acres of very rich and productive rice
fields.
The fortune Of the elder Duzon is
estimated at all the way from five to
fifteen millions, and the Oldest inhab-
liant murmurs: At knew there was
brains in them there Duzon boys
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05

In addition to the above there are a.
Few hundred dollars, incidentals, paid
to the Gas Saving company, that sup
plies automatic gas regulators to the
Edison Electric Light and Power COM
pany and others, which bring the sum
total up to Sill, 14415, the entire cost
Of municipal lighting Of the city Of
st. Paul. including streets, city hail.
parks, hospitals, police and fire depart
ments. This is an average of $9,262. .O1
per month. Or $30S.73 per night.
ARC LIGHTS INCREASED.
In 1898, while there was a slight de-
crease over 1897 in the number of gas
and gasoline lamps, the number of arc
light was increased. There were in
1898 2S7 arc lights, 2,649 gas and 3,054
gasoline lamps, an increase of III arc
lights. The number Of miles Of streets
lighted, however, remained about the
same.
10 ascertain the additional cost of
Illuminating city the size of St. Paul
the cost to individuals Is a problem
and problem made mucn more diff.
cult by the increasing number of pri-
Vate electric plants, new illuminating
systems, at present in elementary
stages of development, the interdepend-
ency OF cooking and heating, as well
as power for mechanical purposes. all
supplied from the one source. a gas and
electric light company Aside from
this, we have but the lump amount Of
Oil gallonase inspected and placed on
sale 10 guide one in arriving at an ap-
proxlmate cost of this method Of H.
Elimination. An effort has been made
In this article, however, to separate
these various illuminants and their
auxiliaries and arrive at conservative
estimate Of the amount of money we
Durn Tor the sole purpose Of lighting
the city.
There is comparatively small por-
ton of electric lighting with incandes-
cent burners in the residence portion of
st. Paul. The bulk of electric lighting
is done in the down town business dis
trict. Much of this, too, Is supplied by
private plants. There are in the resi-
dence district of st. Paul nearly if not
quite 1000 houses piped for and using
gas, or electricity. principally gas, and
some of them all three. gas, electricity
and oil. Quite a number of them use
both oil and gas, for the hand, hang
ing and piano lamp have by no means
gone out of date and been relegated to
the doldrumS of the tal1ow dip-the
innoeuous desuetude of the rush light.
Far from it. The oil can is still in use
The average gas expense for these 1000
residences and stores is $40 per annum
or 1888 per month. Some people will
say that must be wrong; my gas bill
is larger than that" Others will forget
to exclude from the calculation the
amount Of gas employed for cooking
purposes. Others will find the sum men
toned too large. Remember this is
close approximate Of the average
amount of gas consumed by each
family for the sole purpose of illumi
nation This gives us the sum of
$1e0.00 annually expended for gas IL
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05
E%H n NTnAW VINIC How It Is Produced
N HI / RuDu WIN Some of It's Results
AAAS null OkOo illustrated.

Were the question asked 'Is St. Paul
at present in any immediate danger
fIom electrolytic action?" The answer
could be given, based on scientific
facts. mot in the least" What the
future may have in store for the city
cannot. of course, be foretold.
Inquiry at the office of City Engineer
Rundlett discloses the fact that, with
the single exception of certain pieces
of iron work in the Wabasha street
bridge, which some time ago suffered
from the effects of electrolysis, there
has been no complaint. 1t will be
found upon investigation that fears ex-
pressed in st. Paul have, in the main.
been predicted upon conditions in other
cities. But that those conditions do
not exist here is well attested by the
testimony of all connected with the
city engineers office.
The definition OF electrolysis as given
by the Century dictionary is this:
'ElectToly lysis-Solution, resolution, loose
solve. resolve, the decomposition of a chem
ical compound called the electrolyte into its
constituent parts by an electrical current
Thus water is decomposed by electrolysis
Into hydrogen and oxygen: OF these it is
found that the hydrogen is attracted by the
negative pole tthe cathode) and 1t hence said
10 be electropositive and is called the cation,
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05

from electrolysis. One piece, new, from
which the black enamel has not yet
worn off, is eaten through In q number
of places, the effect of escaping cleo
tricity. A piece Of lead service pipe
is shown, full of ragged holes, each one
as large as q walnut. In many cases
the bursting of pipes In various portions
of the city is traced directly to this
cause In Chicago, it Is urged by
many, the whole underground metallic
systems are threatened with ruin from
electrolytic action.
The different insurance companies all
over the country are becoming earnest
ly interested in this new enemy. Mr..
William H. Merrill, Jr., chief electri-
clan of the Underwriters, says:
IAN authorities agree on the essen
tial points of this subject. They all
agree that corroSion Of water pipes and
other underground metal work due to
electrolysis is taking place in nearly all
districts covered by trolley roads, and
that in many localities it has demon
strated that this corrosion has pro-
gressed to a harmful extent. They
agree that 1t can and should be stop
ped, and also agree in recommending
means to that end.
There are two that are principally
relied upon. First, the installation of
copper return feeder wires running
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05
Elimination in private residences and
stores.

Elimination in private residences and
stores.
INDIVIDUAL ILLUMINATION.
The individual cost of illumination
by means of electricity in the business
districts of the city. and the few resi-
dences that use electric lights. is esti-
mated at $150,000 per annum. This Is
exclusive Of the private electric light
plants in large business houses and
apartment buildings. We now come to
the cost Of oil illumination.
At the first glance it would seem i'm
possible to ascertain anything like an
approximate estimate Of the cost of oil
illumination as mixed up as it Is with
the cost Of oil used for fuel and cook
ing purposes. Still the figures In the
office Of the state Oil inspector shed
considerable light on the subject Of
light. There are. also, other determ-
lining resources. OF the forty thousand
buildings lighted each evening about
5000 are piped for gas. leaving 35, 900
to depend on oil illumination. Coal oil
retails at ten cents per gallon, but large
quantities used by hotels, restaurants
and numerous other lines Of business
are sold for from seven to eight and
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05
Bicycle With Rayonet.

An ingenious French gentleman has IN
oev1ce whereby to foil the maign purpose of
the m bicycle thief. He had sharp steel spike
sade1 sadee inches long, fitted in the center Of the
susn sauuie OF MS machine and provided with a
on e!, occasion, while it lay fiat in groove un.
eli a,s REQUIRED for use: Thus equipped, the cy-
enst rode up to his favorite cafe in Paris
leaving his vehicle outside after duly fxino
his 1nsidious bayonet. A fsw minutes later
one OF the marauders now so common in
paris came along. saw his chance. wheeled
hoped in the twinkling of an eye to distance
all pursuit. Scarcely had he started before
agonizing shrieks summoned a crowd to the
bathed in blood and unconscious. for convep,
ance to the hospital. The inventor was SO
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05
Curious Things One May Do With An Egg.

"What you can do with an egg"
forms an attractive chapter lin one of
the English magazines9 One curious
fact about an egg Is this:
II you cook an egg in the ordinary
way, SO as to leave the yolk liquid.
while the white is somewhat "set, "
and allow it to get Quitescold, you may
boil it thereafter as much as you
please-for an hour orr more-but by
no amount of boiling can you now boil
1t hard
1t is easy to tell hard-boiled egg
from raw one without breaking the
shell If you take EACH egg by the
ends and spin 1t vigorously on plate,
or on some other smooth surface. Do
this with hard-boiled egg and the
egg will rise and spin on its end, if you
spin 1t fast enough. But a raw egg.
no matter how fast you spin it, will
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05

put the shell in the fire. In a few
minutes the shell will be blown violent
ly to pieces by the steam from the
water. Stand we'll back from the crate
or you may be scalded
In the next trick It is not necessary
to allow the onlookers either to wit
ness the preparations or to be aware
of the fact that it Is an empty egg that
Is being used. Take a little piece of
good muslin and soak 1t in strong
brine. Let 1t dry and repeat the pro-
cess three or four times. Then, by at
taching piece Of wire to each corner
of the muslin, make a little cradle to
hold the shell. Do not do this until the
muslin is thoroughly dry.
If you now set fire to the muslin so
that 1t may burn the eggshell will not,
as the bystanders expect, fall The
trick Is q very surprising one, and It's
explanation simple. The sailing of the
muslin causes it to leave an ash suf-
f1ciently strong to support a light OBJ
ject like an eggshell.
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05

frozen pipes by the heat generated by the
electric current is attended with danger from
electrolysis-lt is my opinion that the appli-
cation OF even the heavy current that we use
VIII not materially injure the pipes in the
short interval of time required to accomplish
the removal of the Ice. The ground around
the pipe is incapable of conveying the cur
conducting power of the pipe would make the
amount of current conveyed by the compare
tive.y thin thawed layer of ground surround
ing the pipe small.
With the alternating current l should say
that there was no danger at all from electro
lysis. We passed the entire 300 amperes used
In our experiments between two iron plates
and the amount OF metal removed from the
plates was little or nothing. Prof. jackson
tells me that 1t has been established in the
laboratory of the engineering department
OF this university that there Ia no electroiysis
from the alternating current unless the me-
tailic safa formed are insoluble. This u the
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05

In Chicago. This Is supplied by return
circuits, and these safeguards, it is
held by certain city officials in Chicago
1t is the duty of the railways to pay
FOR Already there have been a num-
Der of cases carried into the courts
from the smaller towns.
But there is another element which
enters into the subject Of electrolytic
action, and one that has created con-
siderable apprehension. This is the
electric method of thawing frozen
water pipes. Having given this matter
some thought, the editor Of the Milwau-
kee Sentinel wrote to Profs. Wood
and jackson, of the University of Wis
consin, concerning the matter. He re-
ceived the following replies:
NO MATERIAL INJURY.
To the Editor Of The Sentinel:
University of Wisconsin, Department of
Physics-ln reply to your request for an
opinion on whether the method of thawing
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05

from the power station of the trolly
road and connected at intervals to the
track, So as to prevent, as far as prac-
ticable, current flow through the earth.
Second, measurements made for diff
ferences of potential (anybody not an
electrician would use the word pres
sure) between pipes and between pipes
and the earth in the district covered,
and wherever such differences are
found with the pipe positive to the
earth, the installation Of the wires max
ing sufficient electrical connection be-
tween the pipes to prevent current flow
from the pipes to the earth"
WHEN DESTRUCTION OCCURS.
The suggestion of copper return feed
wires is in line with the theory of cleo
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05

trical experts that 1t is only when the
current leaves the pipe that destruc-
ton occurs. 1t is the opinion of the
average layman that it Injuries water
or gas mains to carry an electrical cur
rent. This is not so. If connection be
made between the pipe when it Is still
sound, and the other pole of the dyna-
mo by copper wire, or other good con-
ductor, the current will pass along this
wire and there will be no destruction.
Conclusions drawn from these facts
show that electric railways, and es-
pecialiy the more powerful currents
employed on elevated lines, are the
principal, if not, indeed, the only cause
of electrolysis. That there is a way out
of the difficulty is a demonstrated fact
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05

the shell shall just be able to float on
water and no more-that is that a very
slight touch will send it down. to bob
up again directly afterward
Put 1t In a large, narrow-mouthed
pickle Jar, nearly full Of water. Put
the palm of your hand over the mouth
OF the jar and bear heavily upon it.
Ihe egg will sink to the bottom. Lift
the hand and the egg will rise quick
~ 10 the surface. The compression Of
the air destroys the buoyancv of the
partially filled eggsheII. If YOU don't
mind making rather a mess in the fire
place you can utilize this shell with
the water In it for another rather strik-
ing trick.
Cover the hole with a piece of paper.
well gummed on and gummed over, and
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05

one in which the hole has not been
made too large. If you now put the
empty shell into the oven, so as to
make it very hot. and then plunge it
in a bowl of water for a few minutes,
the shell will suck in some of the water
owing to the construction of the con-
tanned air in cooling.
Do this once or twice until you have
in the eggshell just sufficient water for
this experiment. which requires that
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05
Cheap western Excursion.

On March 7th the Northern Pacific will se,,
homeseekers' excursion tickets from Easter
terminals to points in Minnesota, North Da-
kota. Montana, Idaho. Washington, British
Columbia and Oregon. for one fare plus s. for
the round trip. Tickets are good for stop
overs. One way tickets not good for stop.
overs at one-half this rate, Call on o, Van
derbilt, corner Fifth and Robert streets, St
Paul or g. F. McNeiil, 10 Nicollet House
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05

nine cents a gallon. It Is not radical
estimate to say that the average cost
Of lighting these buildings VIII not
vary far from one dollar month, $685.
600 per month and 100000 per annum
In round numbers the cost of run
ming the numerous private electric
plants In the city, including the down
town business houses and the apart
ment blocks. is placed at $4,000 per
annum; $4,166.66 per month, or s1Se.9S
per night. This gives US the following
summary Of the total cost of illumi-
mating St. Paul. municipal and indi-
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05
WITH A SPRAYER.

Quick Way of Applying Whitewash
and the Cost Less.
From the New York Tribune.
Three men are now whitewashing the in
! terror of the David Stevenson Brewing COM
pany's brewery, in Tenth avenue, in a man
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05

OF the quicksilver, youzeannot make the
egg lie down at any time without hold
Ing 1t. 1t Is, in fact a sort of imp bot
tie, like the little toys which are sold
at the conjuring shops.
Rather pretty experiment with
blown egg is to suspend it by means
OF piece Of cotton attached to it with
seal1ng-wax, and then cause 1t to
swing, without being touched, by
means of electrical attraction. The
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05

never rise on end. 1t will only spin
on Its side, and not much there. The
liquid in the raw egg, by it's impact
on the sides, prevents 1t rising on
end.
Here Is another plan Of distinguish
ing a hard-boiled egg from a raw one.
Take each Of the two eggs and tie it
across and across with a piece of tape
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05

DIR. Bulls Cough Syrup ha. saved
the life Of many child. This wonderful rem
edy always cures Group, whooping cough and
measles cough. 1t has never failed Price 25c.
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05
uenghted with the success of his experiment
that ne has applied for a patent.
Lost Speech Recovered.

When power of speech suddenly returned
to man who had been dumb for six weeks
of a sentence he was addressing to VI his Us
friends when stricken dumb. us
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05
WHAT IT COSTS TO LIGHT ST. PAUL.
The People of This City Up s24oo Every Night
Lights

S111,OOO 90
100000 90
100000 90
100000 90
sss1, 900 90
74,25O 90
2,441 %
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05

1T PERFORMS "CARTwHEELs'
Insert piece Of string beneath the
tape at the end of each egg, SO that
they may be readily suspended. Now
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-03-05
DETAILS OF COST.

Iotdl q ...' -. $lll, la 10
This is the total exnenseSfor the fs-
cal year beginning Nov. /, 1897, and
terminating Oct. 81, 1898 y 1t will be
seen from the following showing that,
the expense for lighting, Eper month,
runs very uneaually. In one case, also,
a portion of an old 1885 bill is allowed
the st. Paul Gas Light company:
,a,or