New-York tribune., 1899-01-20

w.
Tbese administrative reforms naturally
Brought to the states Increased prosperity,
wealth and population. and these latter, IN turn
exerted a reflex influence upon the administra-
ton. requiring it to become more complex. There
was more TO be done. and more administrative
denartments and offices were required Then
+hc adjoining state OF Pabang asked to have the
same beneAcent system extended to it. The solu-
tlon Of the problems thus raised was found IN
federation. This was effected only short time
aco In July. 1895. the four States Of Perak.
stlangor. Ncgri Sembilan and Pahang were by
+reatv united under a common administrative
head the union becoming effective a year later,
,r Julv 1896 All the four federated States
" ere formally placed under British protection.
A British Resident-General appointed to
have supervision and control over them ALL and
a federal army Of Indian troops was brought IN
for general service. Under this general ADMIN
,strauon each State was to remain autonomous
with IT'S own Resident. Council, and native Sui
.an. chiefs etc. The Mahometan ana other
native religions were to be scrupuiously re-
snected The States were to furnish troops FOR
the Imperial army. II needed, and uniformity OF
laws and administration was to be estaonsneo
with respect TO State railroads, banks, imnigra-
ton survey and titles Of land, forestry, santa
tion harbor regulations. fisheries. ETC.
The organization Of the federated system was
effected on the following PLAN
The Governor of the Straits Settlements was
the High Commissioner and the direct repre-
sentative Of the British Crown
Next came the Resident-General. who was
responsible to the High Commissioner. and who
reported to him; and to whom the Sultans and
chiefs might make appeal or with whom they
might consult.
There was also a federal council, composed OF
the mixed Legislative Councils OF the States. all
meeting together, under the presidency OF the
High Commissioner or in his absence, OF the
Resldent-Generai OF. in his absence OF the Sui
tan Of the State in which II met 1t was to meet
yearly in each of the States in turn. Its func-
tons were not to be legislative, but merely ad-
Visory TO the State Councils. The first meeting
of II held in Perak in July, 1891 lasting four
days, and marked with the pomp and circum-
stance which are so dear to the Oriental FANCY
and so impressive TO the Oriental mind 1t con-
sidered numerous topics Of finance and general
administration. and made to the State Coun-
ellis various recommendations. which were acted
upon with profit
Each State retained its Resident as before. he
being responsible to the Resident-General' ana
its own Legislative Council. All financial control
was, however, withheld from tne COuHChs ailu
vested In the Residents. and all legislation en-
acted by the Councils required to be sub
mitted TO and approved by the High Commits
sioner
a permanent Civil Service was established
Federal in scope, all members of It being eligible
10 transfer or promotion from one State TO an
other. All appointments were to be for merit
only after competitive examination; the ap-
pointments to be made by the Residents. ana. IN
the highest grades. with the approval OK the
Resident General; and removals TO be for cause
only and none over the $500 salary grade to be
removed without the assent Of the Resident
General. and none over the 5000 grade without
the assent Of the High Commissioner.
Uniform courts OF Justice and code OF proceed
ure were established. with a Federal Judicial
CBrtish) TO go on circuit to hear
appeals and try capital cases. and Federai
Legal Adviser CBritish) TO draft laws for the
State Councils. In each State some British
magistrates were appointed but the napVe
headmen were left I'm authority as petty Justices
Each State had Its own police force, but the
system was uniform I'm ALL The total force III
the Federation comprised only 70 Europeans
oricers and inspectors; 51S sikhs and Pathans'
officers, non-commissioned. orderlies ana con
Malay !