St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1899-11-08
Roll up in a newspaper to keep hot while
carrying it to the patient.

sNoft ~ ss -
carrying it to the patient.
DIsINFEcTANTs.
Abundant oxygen is the best disinfec-
tant, it decomposes the septic germs.
Boiling for hall an hour will destroy the
activity of all known disease germs, tho
in some cases their spores have a greater
resisting power. 1t is believed however,
that to steam at a temperature
of 230o F. will be fatal to these also.
Dry heat is less effective than moist,
therefore steaming is surer than baking.
Air cannot be removed by disiniecting
it. In all cases of infectious diseases, free
ventilation is of the first importance.
The most powerful and rapid of the liquid
disinfectants in general use is the s0lu.
ton of bichloride OF mercury, that is
corrosive sublimate.) 1t is also a valu.
able antiseptic. The solution ordinarily
used is OF the st,ength of 1 to 1000,
about Is grains to the quart.
Chloride of lime, copperas, s%olphonap.
thol, and c%reoline are good disinfectants
for drains or water closets. Charcoal,
carbolic acid crystals, and Bromo Chlor-
alum are good deodorizers, put into
dishes and set around the Don
For clothes use carbolic acid lao or a
solution of s~ulphate Of zinc and common
salt, 4 ounces of the sulphate to 2 ounces
of salt to a gallon of hot water. Soak
the clothes in this for two hours and
then boil them with soda or boraX.
A little disinfectant should be kept
standing in sputa-cups, urlnals and bed
pans in contagious diseases. To fumigate
a room with sulphur close the doors,
windows and fire place and paste paper
closely over the cracks. Sulphur dis
colors metal and metallic surfaces and
they should be covered with grease to
| protect them.
Put the sulphur in iron pans, allowing
two pounds for every thousand cubic
feet OF space. Set the pans into larger
pans of water and then on bricks, so as
not to burn the floor, pour a little alco-
hol over the sulphur and ignite. Leave
the room quickly and paste up this door
like the Others. Keep it closed for
t%wenty-four hours, then open all the
windows and let the room air for as
much longer.
In making a bed spread the lower
sheet smoothly and tightly oyer the
mattress, tucking it in securely IN all
sides. Be careful that the sheet is put on
straight or il will form wrinkles. There
should not be any blanket between the
lower sheet and mattress. 1t may be
necessary to protect these from dis
charges by a rubber sheet covered by a
second sheet put crosswise the bed AND
firmly tucked in, which can be easily re
moved. When rubber sheetingcannot bt
obtained, enamelled cloth or oiled muslin
will answer the purpose, or in an emer
gency, papers make a fairly good substi
tute. The upper clothing should bt
enough for warmth but no more. Tht
upper sheet should be well tucked in al
the foot and left long enough to turn
down some distance over the blankets
Blankets are the best covering as they
are light and warm. Heavy spreads
should not be used. If you have no ligh'
one a sheet is a good substitute. Fo'
changing a sheet Or draw sheet while tn
patient is in bed, roll up the sheet length
wise from the edges of the bed farthes
from the patient, till it reaches him. TIL
clean sheet one half previously plated, i
put on and well tucked in, the plat
coming next the soiled sheet.
The patient may then be lifted or turn
ed over onto the clean sheet, and frs
the soiled and then the clean sheets pulle'
out and smoothly and tightly tucked in
The upper sheet can be changed MOI
easily. Free the clothes at the foot G
the bed, place the clean sheet over them
have the patient hold on to the clea'
sheet if he is able, then draw out tn
clothes from under the clean sheet, stand
ing at the loot of the bed, and put tn
blankets and spread on over the shee
and tuck in well at the foot.