The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1899-10-13
SOUTH LONDON.
~ walter hssaot Gives GsAs 1aNssesA-
Ag Sketches sf that AAsisas Pen


Bssant 10 a historian. particularly the
historian par excellence q London.
For the last few years he has written
articles on historic London for TIE
Pail Mail Magazine The last series
10 appear were On South London;
these, Ike the others are now present
I'D in book form under their original
title and with The elaborate and artistic
Illustrations which Sc enhanced their
value when they we're printed in ths
magazine. Ths publishers OF South
London" in this country are Frederick
a. Stokes Company.
The chief difficulty In writing South
London" said Sir Walter in his pre-
FACE, has been that OF selection from
the great treasures which have accum-
ulated about this strange spot. The
contents OF this volume DO not form !
tenth part OF what might be written on
The same plan, and still without includ-
ing the history proper of the borough"
The author courteously ACKNOWLEDGE
Ms obligations to the artist Mr.. Perry
Wadham, who has so faithfully and so
tunningly carried out the task commit
ted to him"
MY South London" says Sir Walter,
extends from Battersea in the west to
Greenwich in the east. and from the
river on the north TO the first rising
ground on he south. This rising
ground, gentle ascent. the beginning
or the Surrey hills, can still be observ-
ed on the high roads OF tho south
Chaplain, BriXton, Camberwell."
At first London had no communlca-
ton with the rest OF tho world except
by water Then a cAuseway was built
across the Southwark marshes The
second road connected with tho high
road 20 Dover; II is now called High
Street Borough. 1t formed an entirely
open and broad communication; V be-
gan not far to the west OF St. SaviourS
Church. opposite the Roman TrajectaS,
the medieval ferry, now st. Mary
OVeries Dock. Ferries were soon es-
tablished across the Thames, and at
length the marshes were drained. Pre-
historic romans pcoVe that all this
was done during the stone age and
the bronze age.
Centuries passed by. High Street
Of Southwark is now q crowded thor
0ughfare, because il Is the main artery
or a towR containing population OF
many hundreds of thousands. In the
last century it was quite as animated
because It was one OF the main arteries
BY which London was IN commuuica~
ton with the country An immense
number OF coaches. carts, wagons,
and caravans passed every day up
and down the High Street, some
stopping or starting in Southwark -
self; some going over London Briaga
70 their destination in the city"
Among the relics OF the bygoRs ages
stands to-day the remains of the palace
OF the Bishop OF Winchester. Az one
OF the Bishops OF Winchester would
have made very good modem PpliSe
Court Judge and District Attorney
combined, 1t may not be inRppl oprIaiS
N this place to tell something AhoSt
the punishments OF the time that were
ordered by the church. There was
whipping. but net the terrible. muir
derous logging Of the eighteenth CEN
fury; there were hAnginss but not for
everything. Mostly to the credit OF
the church, punishment was designed
not to crush man but to shame him
ihtO repentance and to give him q
chance OF retrieving his character. A
man might be set In the stocks or put
In pillory. and 90 made to feel the helm
eusness of bis oifense. This punish
nent was like that which was infictsas
on a scAoolboy; the thing done, the boy
Is taken back TO favor. The eighteenth
century branded him, imprisoned him,
transported him. made brute OF him.
and then hanged him. Did a woman
speak despitefully of authority-pre-
sumptuous quean-set her up in the
cage beside the stoulpes OF London
Bridge, that every one should see her
there and should ask what she had
done. After an hour or two take her
down: bid her GO home and keep hence.
forth quiet tongue In her head. This
leniency was only for oienses moral
and against the law. For freedom Of
thought or doctrine there was Bishop
Bonuer's better way. And It was =
way inhuman. iRheXibls. unable to for
give"
Sir Walter Besant. IN showing how
the palace either contains or has at
some time contained the work OF nearly
every archbishop in succession. Incl.
dentally remarks. in speaking OF sons
OF the improvements executed by the
various prelates, that the Chiehsley
Tower. commonly known as the "Lel-
lards' Tower" never had any connec-
ton with Lollards. and that all the talk
shout the unhappy Lollard prisoners Ia
without foundation"
And, in 9 word, which will explain
why have given an apparently dispro-
portionate space TO Lambeth Palace
the author thus ends his chapter on the
royal houses OF South London: Lam.
beth Palace, the only palace in the
wss&s - sSess Sea6sG, II q monument
q ESsnsh anstS4y rom the twelfth
century downward. Remington ap.
pears at intervals; Ethan IL 4 holiday
house; Greenwich practically begin.
with the Tudors. Lambeth, like West,
minister or ST, Paul's belongs to tn,
long history Of the English people"
From the fragmsntary 'lives" o.
Shakespeare We have learned consider,
able about the Globe Theatre, but n
South London" w0 and q great des
more, and also much about the Beal
Garden, Blackfriars. and Paris Garden
the Hope Theatre, the Swan Theatre
and the Rose. Il is all very interest
ing.
And Of the South London OF to-day
there Is much that ia OF interest, much
that is fascinating. albeit the tourla
to London can see 4 all IL he only take.
the trouble.
Tho Oldsst Flag.
The Union Jack in its present form
only dates frem 1901. Other flags OF
great nations are also very new. The
French tri-color was adopted In 1874
the Spanish flag, as at present display
"a u 1YRE. yvhiia tho German anf