The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-10-07
THE WORLDS CONGRESSES.
1O5 AUTHORIZED BY THE PARIS TX
POSITION 1ETHORITIES.

science ana Art, Educhton ana LnDOr.
The congress movement has assumed such
Importance and made such rapid development
In connection with International expeditions
during the last ten years. that 1t Is now one OF
the most important departments. Prior to the
Paris Exposition OF 1882 very little was done
In the way OF securing o systematic
and classified series Of congresses A few
miscellaneous interests held meetings OF per-
sons particularly interested in that especial
profession or branch OF business. but no pains
were taken by exposition authorities to classify
and arrange these meetings. The Systematic
beginning which was ordered In Paris in 1880
was further developed In series OF Worlds
Auxiliary Congresses held In Chicago In 1893.
In Chicago. however. no adequate building was
provided by the Columbian Exposition author
tiles. and all meetings OF the congresses were
held in tho Art Palace on the lake front.
In the Exposition OF 1900 the French author-
ties have made careful and adequate provision
for a thoroughly well classified series of con-
crosses which shall correspond with the official
classification contained in Groups / to XVIII.
A magnificent building has been erected
to receive these assemblies and several con-
crosses may meet in 1t at the same
time. The building has an area OF 100
metres by so. and will rise some 81 metres
above the level OF the Seine. Tho ground floor
OF the building is devoted to the various ex-
hibits OF Social Economy. but the numerous
halls will be appropriated by the congresses
assigned. The Physicians Congress, which is
usually the most largely attended and which
expects an assemblage OF 5000 must necessa-
ry meet In some larger auditorium. but the
building designed will accommodate nearly all
OF the congresses.
At the present writing los congresses have
been officially authorized by the Paris EXPOSE
ton authorities. Some OF these con crosses are
merely the meetings Of long established
and well known International scientific
societies such. for example. as the
congresses on Medicine, Mathematics.
Mines and Mining. Engineering. Education.
Labor Problems. Charities. &c. These con-
gresses have their regular organization and
committees. and simply meet under the gen.
eral supervision and authority Of tho Paris
Exposition. The congresses which are new.
or which have been in existence but a short
time. are more strictly supervised by the
Exposition officials and must conform to the
rules and regulations prescribed by them.
The origin Of the idea OF these congresses
was OF course. in the desire OF specialists
in every branch OF science and art to 'conter
with and interchange ideas with specialists OF
other countries. The scientific value Oft
meetings is undisputed. and the proceedings
OF each congress ia published in full. making
most valuable general treatise on each OF the
topics discussed.
Most OF the congresses charge a mem bership
fee. which carries with 1t the privilege OF at
tending all the sessions OF the congress. and
copy OF the proceedings OF tho congress when
printed
The experts who represent the various ma
tions stand at the head OF their respective pro-
fession or art. and the competition is very keen
for places upon the congress- programmes. Such
representation in all congresses. except those
which have been long established and are
governed by their own rules and organization,
10 governed by tho official commission repre-
senting any country at the Paris Exposi-
ton. subject to the official approval of the
French Exposition authorities. The Hon.
| Ferdinand W. Peck. Com missioner- General OF
the United States Commission. will. when
| ever requested by the French Exposition
| authorities. name or approve the dele
gates in this country to the various
| congresses 1t is his firm intention to
permit no one to represent tho United States
| who is not fully qualified to do SO. and who
will not reflect credit upon his native country.
The present Acting General Delegate to the
| International Congresses for the United States
| Is Director OF Education and Social Economy.
| Howard J. Rogers OF Albany. N Y.
| 1t ia interesting to know. simply as a curl
| osity. the list Of congresses which the energy
| OF the French Exposition officials have
| arranged for up to date: Accidents during
| Employment and Industrial Insurance (;
| Actuarial Congress; Aeronautic; Agriculture {;
| the Rational Feeding OF Cattle: Interna-
tional Cooperative Union: Alpine Study
| American Study; AnthropoloRy and
| Prehistoric Archaeology; Anti Slavery
Bee Culture: Boiler Inspection; Pisciculture.
| Forestry and Pomology Architects: Archtec-
ture and Naval Construction ;Publieand Private
| Charity Cooperative production Automobiles
| AmclioratinR the Condition OF the Blind
Basque Studies; Bibliography library
SCIENCE; Botany: Baker; Railway Chem
| istry; Practical Chemistry: Horology; Co.
| lonial; Commerce and Industry; Popular
| Credit: Dentistry; Dermatology and Syphili-
| graphy: Maritime Law; Commercial High
Schools: Popular Education; Electricity
Teaching OF Agriculture; Teaching OF
Design: Teaching Of Modern Languages
Popular Education public school sys-
tsms); Primary Education; Secondary
Education; Teaching of Social Sciences
| Higher Education; Technical. CONNER
cial and Industrial Education; Testing OF
Materials methods: photographic Sell
ences: Woman condition and rights Of:
| Pressing OF Fruits: Economic and Com
mercal Geography; Geology; Cheap Dwell
ings: Comparative History; History OF
| Religions: Homeopathy; Horticulture
Hygiene; Hypnotism; Theatrical Devices
and Appliances; Mathematics: Applied
Mechanics: Medicines; Professional Medicine
and Medical Deontology: Meteorology; Mines
and Metallurgy; Navigation: Thread Number
Ing tunihcation of; Numismatics; Woman's
Institutions and Work. Ornithoogy; Peace
| Proht-sharng; Societies for Aiding Liberated
| Persons: Aid Societies for Working Youth
| Pharmacy: Philosophy PhotoL rnphy; Physics
| Educational Press; Medical Press; Prov.
ident Organizations: Real Estate Property
Commercial Property: Property Rights
In Literary and Artistic Works: Regulation OF
Customs Revenues; Psychology; Sunday Rest;
| Firemen toflcers and under officers; Life
Saving; Cooperative Distrlbutlye Societies
Stock Corporations; Colonial Sociological
Study: Deaf Mutes Agronomic Stations; Sy-
viculture: Agricultural Associations; Tobacco
against the abuse OF; Folklore; Street Rail
ways; For UniiyIng the Ratio OF Gold and Sill
YER; VIticulture; Travelling Salesmen ant
| Com Auanta