The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-09-24


were able 70 reach ths Peraguayan capital, Asun-
don he abolished communal institutions and
brought his subject Indians under the common law.
giving them the status Of ciizens He established
schools OF primary instruction, an iron foundry
and military and naval arsenal, and built rail-
way from the capital TO Villa Rica, the most i'm
portant oontre Of agricultural production. In 1854
the National Congress- after examining and ap-
proving all the acts Of his administration, reelected
Lopcz for another ten years and he, using right
which The Constitution gave him. appointed In
September. lsos his son, Francisco Solano Lopez
TO tho Vice-Presidcncy Of the Republic. Soon
aftorwsrd the elder Lopez died. and his son. at the
age Of %, succeeded him In the virtual dictator
ship.
Solano Lopez who had completed his studies
In Europa was even less bound than his father
70 Francia's restrictive traditions From his
accession TO power, he supported progressive
movement promoted the cultivation Of cotton.
advanced to foreigners considerable sums 70 DO
employed In enterprises OF general utility, sent
number Of young men periodically 70 b educated
IN tne Oio world. ana exempted rom al Import
duty such machines and tools a. wcrc applicable TO
agriculture and manufactures In spite OF the
continuance OF q few despotic practices, which tho
nsw Presidont had inherited from bis predecessor.
the Republic OF Paraguay saw opening before her
IN so3 an era Of prosperity hitherto unexampled.
Thon followed tho war against Brazil. Argen-
tina and Uruguay war which lasted more than
nVo yesrs ana which ended In May 1870 with tho
death OF tho President and the destruction OF the
In this contest Solano Lopez displayed tho energy.
tonaciV ana courage Of patriot and q hero
no was bravo and Intelligent OF humane sonti-
menus ana earnestly occupied with tho future OF
mn country. Wnicn war az savage an II was use
loss oepopulasod, working his personal ruin at
mo Same nme Inc population oil Paraguay.
WINCH before the wer. was rockoned at 100000,
was reduced, according to tho census OF Jan. !.
1910, 70 2zl,oV. Of whom less than 10000 were
mon ovor 10 years OF ago Tho now contracted
area OF Paraguay 10 variously computed at l46o 600
ana ~ el,seo square miles Tho present popula-
uon 10 estimated at 10000 The Brazilian army
OF Occupation dio NOT ienve inc territory OF tho
republic unui 1870 but In November, 1870
congress elected oy universal Suffrage proclaimed
aoonsutuuon modelled ON tna' OF the nited States.
under which there was to be president elected for
nfee yeafe' viooprendena cabinet composed
Oh nVo minister's a senate ana chamber OF de-
puuoa Foreigners were 70 be admitted TO tho en-
'oymen' oi 'no Same nents az those Possessed by
hAuves. except INC ngn' OF hoiding the nigh
po,aoai ana oomin'sua'Vo posts Suoh' substan-
aans' 10 mo pohuca CONSTITUTION OF Paraguay to-
oey' i0 insutuuonS arc nominaliy creditable
ous 70 SLOW IN recovering from the prostraton
"nich suffered In tho seventh decade Of this CEN
'ury' ana It's Independence Is duo to the rivalshp
OF Brazil and Argentina for its possession.
VII.
We would not take leave OF this book without
glance at tho Constitution OF Chill, which Is
other Latin American community In Chilli, as
IN most other Spanish provinces In South America.
'hefe was, ior some time alter the declaration OF
us INDEPENDENCE violent struggle between the
Federaiists on the one hand and the so-called
onitanans' or advocates OF unified republic
on tho Other Tho Fedoraliss were. at first
successful. and framed tho Federal Constitution
OF 1928 subsequently. the Unitarians gained
power, and estabhshed the Constitution OF 1888.
which aimed to reconcile liberty and republi
can forms WIN a strong executive power and with
tho concession OF large place 10 tho advantages
OF fortune II not OF birth. The Constitution Of
1883 recognized three powe1, to wit the legisla-
tive, the executive and tho judicial. Tho FIRST
posed OF q senate, having twenty members
chosen from tho provinces by indirect election
Tor term OF nine years. and chamber OF depu-
ties elected directly Tor throo years by the adult
male citizens who are able 70 read and write, and
who pay yearly taxes to certain amount Tho
executive power Is committed to president,
who Is chosen By indirect election and holds Office
Tor term Of hve years The right OF reelection,
which he originally possessed, was suppressed In
1871 He has tho command OF the land and sea
forces and can proclaim martial law, He APP
points Tho administrative ohicers OF provinces,
as well as oil the employees great or small in
the central government He appoints the higher
legal and judicial functonares; but their nomina-
minority OF whom arc named by the Chamber.
w., w, ". az 'a. ~ me oeheW' 'ne resi-
~, -. ~ -I,,.i. 'i H .aa. ''oop'
80 r,ui,. sa,,t..,e 80. si naro'
.nno,n,nsn,. ~ ,h," n.,,,. ',s. ]
~, a.. c.. w. as. ~ 10 1pp'o.eu
,ior ~ Chuiis .5.,o.rs,;o o,oua.,IS., -
H., n.I,,.o.S. - ~. - 80,
~ ~. i..i,.,;a ~ ~ his '',, a"u uoa'n
~, .noro..hr..r, ,,,o,, ,ho.. 80 y, ~.
and Chsuh., ~ nsn,,,ias tn, ~ ,.o,,,.,',.e
&. h...d ou 49, o,,ss~.hi.,, ,.is.,si ,1,s,'.
No, 81, 49,, ~, ;,I,,.., .n..,n p, 40, SI'
and ~. ,,or,,.r .nd .Sr..,tom., .I viz