davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25
PARTITION Of SAMOA.


Berlin, Oct. 2f-The German protested
cruiser CoTmoTan has been ordered to re-
main at Samoa a dispatch TO the Co
l0gme Gazette from Apia says:
Tine proposals. TO divide samoa is con-
sidered here a ni1st unhappy solution Osy-
ing t0 tins manifold interests linking shes
islands Co Germamy. IL i hoped tnssS hes
will not ren0unce hRr claims.
.Ffle NeuSte Nachxichten. referring to-
day To- me PARTITION scheme. says How.
ever painful such an eventuality would be,
tllS Germans may have TO face it. Iaa
chief difieultyis TO ind adequate eompen-
satfon.'
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25
SENATOR HEITFELDis VIEWS,
Declares That the Federal Authori-
ties Are Alone Responsible
Especial 10 The HeraEd.7l

Especial to The Herald.i
Washington, oct. M.-senator Heir-
field Of Idaho said tonight; 70 fail to
see how Governors SfeuIrenberg can as
sUme. the responsibility Of RELIEVING
General Merriam of the charges made
against him by loading representatives
of the Miners union. such as the en-
dorsement of the proclamation issued
by Acting Governor BARTLETT Sinclair.
denying union men the risant Of secur-
ing work in the district unless they re-
pudiat ed all allegiance to miners unions
and Obligating themselves never tdjOin
such unions in the future.
Does he mean also To- stand respou
sible for the involuntary seFvitude int
posed without warrant Of law OF
Thomas Heney and others by CAPITA "a
Edwards?
THE federal authorities are and must
he responsible for this outrage. and
cannot be relieved Of fts even ffS Idaho's
governor is willing 10 saddle ii.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25
WRECK AT KYUNE
Rio Grande Western Trains Collide
While Switching.
Especial to The Herald.

Especial to The Herald)
Price. Oct. A.-West bound passenger
train No. 3 on the Rio Grande Western
coIIided with freight train. No. q near
Kyune station. twelve miles west cf Help
er. last night about O'Clock. The freight
tram was switching I'm the yards and the
trains came into head-end collision. FIJI
gineer Brown of tine freight and Engineer
.Piunkett Of the passenger. with both fiTe-
men. jumped for their lives. IIray essaE-
ed unscraIe4led. Both engines were h5Nt3y
wrecked and the two trains were detained
until tha track could b. cleared and ether
engines seTgS out. Tne passenger train
leaving Salt Lake City at about o'clock
did not arrive here until about O'clock
this morning.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25
wITHpRAwAL or TRooPs
Secretary Root viii Cause Them to
Be Removed On Nov. l..

Washington, Oct -efevernor.Steu
nenberg Of Idaho had another% confer
ence with the secretary Of war this al
ternoon in regard ~ the withdrawal OF
the federal troops Id Idaho.
Governor Steunenberg has protested
very earnestly against the withdrawal
troops will do guard duty over the riot
prisoners. 1t is not announced that the
troops will be Withdrawn altogether
from Idaho. or from the Coeur A1ens
country ON that date butin IS not Ike
ly that they will be kept away from
their home posts much longer.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25
TRIALs MAY BEGIN moNpAY.
The United States Grand Jury is
Now In Session ct Moscow.

Moscow, Idsp.s oct. p = now seems
probable THAT the trial Of Tie Coeur
d Alene miners on a charge OIL interfering
with the United States mail train viii not
States grand jury is now in$ session here,
and it is probable that the new Indictment
they w}ll present against the men viii in
Guide the names Of those in2tll@ 0ld d. lifi-
ment and also the names 1T fli5z four. hun-
Gred whose names are unknown
Out OF the az inflicted By al former grand
jury. &c Is B1t probable tfaS uioreethan
twenty Will be tried. These will il j.
Thoughts, be tried jointly. The restsof tbs
Indicted miners are out Of the states have
been B8r@led on have escaped ms de-
Tense Will ask the couEE To- navy the ex-
able to do So
Edwin Brooks a defauftiug witness be-
fore the grand Jury, was brought in toiay
and heavily fined.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25
sealslsins More Costly.

Chicago. Ocf. A-The scarcity Of seal
and sa bic, furriers here declare. is the
cause of the big advance in the price of
ali furs. The SEQ sable of last year is now
worth $50 and dyed furs are up froR 20
to 70 per cent. A local dealer decNres
that there are only 1850 seal skins this
year To supply the country. and That next
year there viii be about t.690 with prices
advanced corTespondingiy.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25
HOIST THE BoER FLAG.
Are Now In Possession of Vryburg
and Claim Bechuanaland.

Cape Town, Oct. PA dispatch from
Kimberley. dated Oct. 81, and brought
by dispatch rider to the Orange river,
has just arrived here. 1t says:
THE position in Kimberley is I'M
changed. The siege continues Yester-
day the armored train found the enemy
in the same position in the Spytfontein
neighborhood.
The prisoners who were captured
when the armored train was destroyed
by the Beers * Kraal Pan are now re-
ported alive and well treated The
Beers hoisted the flag of the Transvaal
over Vryburg on Ocl. IS, and are about
H.. 1880, -. L.. o
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25
Murder and. Suicide.

ID Peoria, Ills. Oct 24.-Juan Garcia, Gu
ban, and his sweetheart. Miss Bessie Ma
honey, daughter of a prominent publisher.
were found dead today in the road near
here. Garcia had shot the girl ana then
himself. The Cuban was enamored of the
girl and wanted to marry her. but her
parents objected. Last evening the young
couple went Walking and old not return
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25
ANOTHER FOE FEARED.
E@9J7TTX
Why the English Channel Squadron
Sailed For Gibraltar.
KEEPS EYE ON RUSSIA
FRANCES ACTIONS ALSO OF A
SUSPICIOUS NATURE.
Should These Two Nations Attempt
to Embarrass Great Britain it
Would Be the Duty of the United
States to Interfere, Says Clifton
r. Breckenridge.

New, York. Oct ga dispatch to the
Tribune from London says: The sailing
OF the channel squadron to-day for
Gibraltar is now regarded by the keen
est observers as an indication that some
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25

Seattle, Wash, Oct 24.-The national
Temperance Union passed a series of
resolutions today, some of which caused
hours of discussion. The main fight was
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25
Train Wreckers In Illinois.

I Charles CITY. Ia, Oct. 224-Train- wreck
ers last night ditct1ed the engine and three
coaches of a northboursl Illinois Central
passenger train by spiking the rails. The
engineer was bruised but all others esq
capped. The engine was demolished and
the property loss is heavy Il -
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25
SQUIRM OUT Of
A TIGHT PLACE
- - -
Republican Committee Using
Gov. Steunenberg.
So ----s&
PLAYING FOR VOTES IN
OHIO MINE DISTRICTS
- s. s.
Get Idaho Executive to Clear Skirts
of Federal Authorities.


Feeling of Miners Was strq.4g
Against the Hanna State Tkket,
Because OF the Persecution sy the
Mckinley Administrators Of the
Union Men IN the ceeur d'Alenes
-steunenberg's Letter Being
Used Exclusively.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25
Appointed Mail Clerk

Especial to The Herald)
Washington, Oct 24.-Stephen Cam!
eron of Kendrick, Ida. has been ap-
pointed a railway mail clerk.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25
MAKE MANY PROTESTS
W. C. T. U. DenOunces Rober S, the
War, the canteen and Trusts.
BUT THEY WANT TO VOTE
CONVENTION AT SEATTLE PASS
Es SERIES OF RESOLUTIONS.

Warm Fight When Subject of War
Was Brought Up, Opposition to
Resolution Being Led By Won
an Who Had Lost Son In Phil
ippines.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25

New York Oct 3f.SSSr1sife Sfemn5ship New
York sailing for EuEUrc tnTnrrron0 wslE
take n,ft siS lna @'Rgesa1@f xigee-
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25
BADEN-PowELL HEARD FROM.
Confirms the Story of Severe En-.
gagement With the Beers.

Londen. Oct. 2i.-News has at length
been received direct from Colonel
Raden- Powell. dated Mafe,ing, oct. Is.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25
DUTY OF UNITED STATES.

Should Prevent Other Nations From
Embarrassing England.
New York. Oct pa special TO the
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25

Continued on Page %
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25

900
Silver, 575sc per ounce.
Lead, S4.4o per 100 pounds.
Copper, l7c per pound
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-10-25

-
Forecast for Salt Lake Today Is:
Fair Weather; Stationary Tempera-
ture
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-07-11

0NEJUROR WASPBEJUDICED
Missouri Woman ENeriing nm Enort
Ia the Prisoncr's behalf widc-
spread Interest

Eicv IL J,y.. r., ,. p-r.t..,
,st,.. t.g.s
'''' VIZ" N'''"N'N YOUNG AN' MAYORS,
now under sentence uf death lr lu thn
city on business connected with tho
f,.rf.g,ir,. az t,.. .,.....t t..
'' 900.
u'A''u muil'f case 'n 90" alih VI
June Judge Hart granted tho certificate
OF probable enur.. which tY-.tb..4. ,.ift
tb, r.,t..., 80 ..,.....i -.
'"' N''''. "i "Fl'Ai 'I'Iat'' lh Jaw HF
stay ot the execution until the Zee
ylUw of the appellate court. The case
will NOT b, arpua.i urtt t,. ,..,., ,..,,
,.ht., ..U, '"'
Nu''n VIII On Nhe hfHt Monday In
october
Mr. Jones was aeon By "a raprassut1.
tive NJ the News" ana ap.1kIrr I'D I'M,
case said
FROM my earliest connection with
the case { never pvpsat.i t5 r.s no
boy executed According Il, th,
states own theory Nni.fft ,tt.grt
CrimT cannot Doe considered ua fnurior
iu the first degree. fDr tho ra,aYr tbnt
lf young Majors ala mo ths anal rbUt
which b. doubtful. 10 W1a dome 8ftar hIt
brother was shot down nt hIs lido ana
lu the heat of pBarI1n. ,yhIl. r,,1rIu
was dothr1upd. GunarguentIy 10 could
not have boon prmedItated and with
mnlIDD lfur,thuurht
Another strong point In the bsy'a
favor. consider. n fha f1rt that no
was given ID trial within eleven dByH
after tho homicide uuI tyhIf. Ia. ptib-
Ole mind WaH boz Ia atnts ia fsrpisut
Tine UsfnuHa Ia mia, If f..,.a....I..,, IL 40
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-07-11
coNrrMrr roa cAsrrLLANr,
At the hest, Anna oouid's Husband Il
Looked on Rs - Ridiculous Person.

New York. July IA dispatch to
the World from Paris says; Count
Boni de castellune. who married Anna
Gould Of New York, has not challenged
tho prince Of Monaco to duel, ms was
reported by a New York newspaper,
and II he expected a challenge from the
prince. he has been disappointed so
fur.
The facts In the case are these; The
ruler OF Monte Carlo sent an open let
ter to Nine. Dreyfus expressing sym.
patty for her and inviting her hus-
band to rccupcrate at castle which
the prince Of Monaco owns In French
territory, when the holy work OF JUS
tice N accomplished and Dreyfus Ia
liberated"
The next day Count castellane sent
TO the newspapers q sensational an
swer to that letter.
Although the prince OF Monncos lit
tie manifesto In generally regarded as
uncalled for, Count DE Castellane's re-
joinder Immediately became the Joke
o. Paris. II was high pitched. In
places so Incorrect as TO be obscure
and contained efforts at sarcasm
which are conceded TO be taotless and
brutally offensive.
Not only aid the count chafge the
prince with meddling unboooming
foreigner, but he suggested that the
prince may be connected with Dreyfus
by marriage and made other remarks
which are unanimously considered silly.
Castellane being generally held In
contempt here. the newspapers are ex-
tracing great fun out OF this Incident
and abusing him rather severely.
The French public IN inquiring: Has
our army no better Champion"
II n pointed out that while Castel-
lane has succeeded In cvadlng the most
Of his military service, the prince OF
OLE HaHla 4
as private and served France
throughout the Franco PruHsian war.
Monaco's letter was sent from Dem
mark. and as his yacht ~ cruising In
the North Sea, II In probable he has
not received Castellane's answer. Al
any rate he has not acknowledged the
receipt yet,
II IT. not believed here that the prince
would condescond TO n duel with such
ridiculous person
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-07-11

Chicago. July lin the American
Whist League tournament, which
opened yesterday In the Auditorium
hotel, the Atlantic Whist association.
after I've close sessions, won the Brook
Ign trophy by the margin OF only two
tricks over the Northwestern Whist as
ISOLATION. until the last session, which
ended after o'clock this morning, the
two associations waerc tied for FIRST
place, The Cleveland delegates. playing
In the progressive pair contests. won
the highest score making a total OF
i5s tricks. The winning pair We're W.
T.. Talcott and j. II. SNOW, playing
north and south. The whining pair.
playing east and west, were delegates
from the Acme Whist club OF Chicago,
George p. Wellos and H. j. Tohin win
ming l3O tricks during the play There
were twenty-one tables IN the contest.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-07-11
A DENTISTS SAD STATE,
Dir. Kucstcr Sent To the Hospital fof
Morphine Habit.

one ~ tho most pitab,e cases that
has como under che observation OF the
salt LAX. public ls that of Dr. Frd D..
Kucstyr who ut one time was one Of
the most prominent ana successful len-
lists Boo thIH city.
Unless something unforeseen trans
uIrrs tho young doctor will become a
county charge ana hH sent tu So Marks
hospital Go bn treated Con the morphine
habit. which has dreadful mold upon
him. For many weeks Oh. doctors
friends have feared 90 iaul end. us
they Witnessed che work Ul Che mind
aud body doatruyIug lruE
Evidently tho young man hl7 lost
nearly everything Doc possessed, and u
ls said that De- WINS forced t1 leave DIE
rooms 600 tnH summit block because he
was unable tu pIN tho rnui
The matter came up yesterday uiin'.
noon ut the county commissioners.
meeting through u communication from
County Physician Anderson m which
he said he felt that Euestgr should hn
cared FOR 10y the county. The question
rs now under consideration ana thn
probabilities are that hc VIII be- sent
tO the hospital whore, De VIII remain
until cured II a cure IL possible
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-07-11

Special per Deseret Telegraph
Provo, Utah. July ii.--Dr. George p.
Robson was the FIRST witness nt the
afternoon session. He testified that he
was the county physician Early In the
morning of June 27th. he was called
by Policeman Tucker % go 10 tho
scene OF the shooting. He found VIM.
strong lying dead, Of q gun shot wound.
on the cyning Of the 25th. he. with Dr.
Pike, held an autopsy ON the body and
found TWO wounds, one "a brulsg uu the
right side Of the neck and the other u
bullet wound about two inches
below the loft nipple, The bail was
extracted from the backbone OF de-
ceased where II was embodied. The
hnll taken from the body WAS intro
duccd into evidence. II IN of "a thirty
eight callber Size ana weighs i31 grains.
The defense asked that the pruspou-
tiun be compelled To extract ono of the
bullets from defendants gun which
was taken from him when arrested. Tho
defense wanted II weighed To sec " IL
tailed with the one found In the body
of william strong The prosecution
resisted the motion. which was taken
under adyiscment by the court.
Joseph Huckyon was the next wit
ness. He n the travelling companion
OF Thomas Suddock. The two were to-
gether and witness testimony Corrob-
Grated 81 docks I'm all the main points.
Al the train he saw eight men standing
around; saw no others after that until
arrested about one and half hours ar
forwards
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-07-11
Gen. Joseph Wheeler will Arrive
About Thursday Next,
.Ey ROUTE TO PHILIPPINES
So, will be sbort-saiis from san
francisco ON the 2oth-win NOT
Resign as Congressman.

washington. ii.-Gcn. Josephwheeier
leaves Washington this afternoon en-
cute to the Philippine Islands. He
I'M 40 via Chicago. Omaha. Denver
,,d sait Lake. but as he IL scheduled
10 mach san francisco on saturday
Win not stop long at any place on inc
way. lie viii sail FOR Manila on the
n,h.
u have no plans or campaign" he
uld to an Associated Press reporter to-
day. and shall not know what am to
I'd until / receive my Instructions from
.Oen. otis. should like to have u un-
drrsto1d" he continued, that i 60 70
tbe Philippines In an entirely Hubor-
climate capacity. Not only Gen. otlrr,
hui Gems. Lawton and Macarthur VIII
outrank me. and Il IN proper that they
should. for while they were my juniors
they have been In the field while have
not. and deserve. 20 have places su-
perior 20 any assignment that may De
OWEN me-" Gen. Wheeler said he
would not resign his seat In the House.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-07-11

Washington. July 1.-THE war de-
rnftment has received the following
nom Gen. Otis AZ Manila under date
u July eth:
Following deaths since last weekly
report typhoid fever. July 2, Charles
~ Wilseck. company q. First Wyum-
ing Infantry. Fifth. Edward Weldon.
company X. Fourteenth Infantry VIII
liam Miller. company X, Fourth IN
fantry; July 9Th. Ermcr stevens, COM
plny u, Twelfth Infantry Dyacntery.
fht. William II. Hill. hospital corps
fth. Thomas W. Pctro. compnny NJ.
Fourth Infantry. drowned. ,th. charles
Hyatt. sergeant. company y, Fourh
cavalry.
Gen. Brooke cnbled the war depart
ment from Havana Of the death At
Guantanamo N Michael ]. Ticrncy,
company n. Firth infantry, OF acute
alcoholism. and Thomas Killkelly COM
pany c. Firth infantry. Of yellow
fever.
Gen. Davis reported the death Of Prl-
waite Frank Blake. company II.
Eleventh Infantry, at Ponce, Of acute
dVHpntpry.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-07-11
+. G. WINS HOME AGAIN.


Mr.. T.. q. WINS, the wen known sait
from Sew York today after AN absence
OF % month The object NJ his trip was
purely business, although be got q
good deal OF pleasure out of % as well,
he comes home looking and feeling
well ana entirely satisfied with what
he accomplished
Nj wins was ln Sew York nt the
time Governor Wells was there ana
went through the heat swcltoriug
process that Frustrated s1 many east
cu people, he says however, that IL
o. hotter here now than IN the East
Accompanying Mr Wins 10 Salt Lake
were Mary Linck. the noted prima
donna. now ON her way 10 san Fran.
cisco, 90 open @ season or grand opera
there, beginning ON July d. ana her
bruthcr-in-law, Dr. owen. OF Evans
VILE. iudlnnu. and wife Or. owen was
formerly president OF the Mississippi
Valley Medical association, ana onn Of
the best known physicians ~ the
HOosior state, During the day Mr.
wins escorted the party over tho city
aud showed them nll Of the points of
interest Tho primu donna is DESTROYS
OF singing in the Tabernacle on her re-
turn from the coast. ana MI. WINS VIII
consult Prof Stephens on his return
from the mountains and see N she can.
not Doe booked for concert here,
Mr. WINS says salt Lake s ln good
favor boz tho East and Is much talked
ut aH place of profitable Investment
The advertising th. city ~ getting 10
such that city several times thr sizo
OF salt Lake might be proud uf, ilWca
are better iu the East" Dee said "thnn
ever before. and 10 n not due 20 amy
p1ltiCul cause either. Money ia Hlms
ply coming out OF lts hIllng place and
o. hunting fur something 90 do The
mon OF wealth have got tired W stur-
ing their cash away and urr looking
for some place Co put lt 90 good adj
vantage. Utah win gut its share"
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-07-11

Washington, July 1.-The President
has sent the following message Of con-
dolcncc upon the occasion OF inc
death Of Prince George OF Russia;
To His Imperial Majesty, Nicholas II,
Car Of Russia. IT. Petersburg;
I tender TO your majesty In my own
name and In behalf Of the American
peopie sincere coincidence by reason Of
the afilicilon that has befallen your
majesty and the russian nation. IN the
death OF your brother. his imperial
highness. the Grand Duke George.
WILLIAM MCKINLEY.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-07-11
satisfactory At Dawson.

San Francisco. July ii.-Man ad-
vices received IN this city yesterday
from Dawson brings advirna up to
June seth being the latest news re-
celyrd from that point \ letter from
Dawson says.
"Thc conditions here arr quite salts
factory ana the output Will be- larger
than was at first predicted. though lt
viii be- impossible TO obtain n correct
estimate because ~ the number who
leave the place, packing dust In grips,
carpct-bags, sacks. boXc.. I'm cans and
In many other ways, and no one knows
what becomes Of them. .......
There Ia quite a stampede from here
and other points toward Cape Nome
and Golovln Bay The first steamer for
the lower river left Dawson June 18th.
ana steamers have sailed each day
since carrying full loads OF passcn-
pofF."
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-07-11

washington. July il.-Dy direction OF
the President the military post near
Spokane, Wash. has been named Fort
Wright In honor OF Gen. George Wright
who was colonel OF the Ninth infantry
and brigadier general VI volunteers.
Col. Wright defeated the allied bands
Of Indians near Spokane plains on the
9th OF September 1858, He was
drowned July 3d. 1865. IN the wreck Of
the steamer Brother Jonathan. while
on his way TO assume command OF the
department OF the Columbia.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-07-11
INJURY 30 Tnn IOWA.
The Zig Battie.hlp's Furnace. WIN Have
to be Repaired.

Seattle Washington, July 1.-THE en-
Fincers OF the battlcahip Iowa, now In
dry dock. discovered serious injuries
Ca her furnaces when making final
ovc~hnuling ON sunday. According to
reliable information two furnaces were
other attempt to IRE them up would
have caused them To break down en-
tlrcly ana might have caused serious
injury TO the ship. The defect was not
discovered when the ship first went In
10 the dry dock. Her engineer came
10 Seattle at once and placed an order
with u local foundry for the pieces
necessary 10 make the rrpalrs, II VIII
take some fifteen days to make the
needed repairs, Her long run from New
York 10 san Francisco Is said to
have caused the Iown'a trouble.