The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1899-03-19

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10 a division Of the State they were
expelled by the convention, and their
places filed by others. who signed the
ordinance. SO that i'm all trere are really
143 names attached to it.
on May p. 1861, the Virginia ordinance
Of secession was submitted TO a direct
vote Of the people of the State-includ-
ing. of course. what IS now West Nir-
ginia-and ratified by a majority Of 500.
the present state of Virginia being well
nigh unanimous for it, and there was
even strong vote in its favor in West
Virginia, many Of the counties there going
for 10. Arkansas followed Virginia. Sc
ceding in May 6. 1861 That State had
elected a convention long before which
was pretty evenly divided between imme-
date secession and cooperation ana as
a result the convention had decided TO
sumbit the question as between the two
TO the popular vote on August !. 1871.
and had then adjourned subject 10 the
call Of its president, ia case developments
justified #. After the passage of tho
Virginia ordinance the Arkansas con-
vention again met, and then, as has been
stated. passed an ordinance of secession
May g. 1861 the vote being 90 in its favor
TO 1 against
North Carolina was the next State TO
secede and join the Confederacy, which
II did on May %. 1861. The people there
the preceding February. when there was
still a prospect for peace. had by a very
close vote voted down the call for
convention. the majority against II in
the state being only 1926 But after all
prospect for peace had vanished there was
a tremendous change in sentiment.
convention was called by the Legislature
IN extra session. and OF the hundred ana
twenty members which the people elected
10 il. one hundred and eleven Of them
met al Raleigh and voted unanimously
for secession.
Tennessee was the last state 10 secede.
She like Virginia and North Carolina,
hesitated as long "a there was any pros
pcct for peace and her people voted down
a call for a convention by a good ma
ioritv. which the Legislature had sub
mitted 10 them But when 1t became evil
dent that the people Of the North would
give no proper constitutional guarantees
for the rights Of the South in the Union.
the Legislature Of Tcnnessee-the same
LEGISLATURE which had before refused to
call a convention without first submitting
the question of its call TO the people
met in extra session and voted TO SUBJ
NIT directly to the people the question as
to whether tennessee should secede, at an
election TO be held June 8, 1851, and though
Tennessee had in it far larger Union
sentiment than was 10 be found IN any
other state which seeded. its people
voted. when the question was submitted
10 them. for secession, 1Oi9l3; against,
a.. 23S-which was considerably more than
two 10 one. And OF the 1928 votes
against secession, g. 900 of them were in
East Tennessee.
NEEDED THREE STATES.
TO sum ID no people We're ever more
united in favor of any one thing than
were the people Of the eleven states
which seeded in favor of the Confed-
crate cause after they had embarked in
Il. For there was then practically no
Union sentiment amonst them. except IN
East Tennessee and a few counties In
Northwest Virginia, now a part Of West
Virginia Everywhere else among them,
whatever sentiment Of that kind there
NAV have been. rapidly disappeared. The
four border Southern States, of Della
ware MARYLAND. kentucky, and Missouri.
did not secede. and there can be no
doubt that at first a majority OF the peo-
pie of each Of them we're opposed to II.
And it may have been that the Union
sentiment continued 10 prevail in them
even after the war commenced. though
there is great reason 20 believe that such
was not the case In the three States OF
MARYLAND. Kentucky and Missouri. as
there were certainly many changes IN
them from the lniOnist 10 the secess'onst
ranks as in the cases OF General Sterling
Price. OF Missouri; General Buckner, of
Kentucky, and many others. But be all
this as II may. those three States had no
chance 20 secede after the war began,
no matter II a majority OF their people
had desired a. For being in the Union
.bev were practically in possession Of the
Federals when the war started. and were
held on 10 by them with firm grip. Had
they have seeded. and had their people
been as thoroughly united in favor Of
tho Confederacy as were those Of the
eleven States which did seccde. there IS
nothing more certain, unles u be some
thing which has already taken place.
than that there wou~ have been to-day
two Anelo-SaNOn republics on this conti-
non. whore there is now only the one.
Because. Notwithstanding its vast SUI
periority IN umbers-several hundred
thousand Of which superiority was oh
tanned by enlistment among the Union
men and negro population Of those bor-
der Southern states. And. notwithstand-
ing Il had that which the Confederacy
did not have-the aid Of fleets TO co-ope-
rate with its land forces, and which CO.
operation most certainly saved Grants
army from utter and complete destruc-
tlon the first day at Shiloh. and saved
AicClellan's army from final capture ar
for rs defeat In 'he battles around Rich
mond, besides which its fleets enabled II
10 blockade the ports OF the Confed-
erecy and thus prevented them from
shipping their cotton 70 Europe and OBJ
tanning the supplies which they needed
In spite OF all those and other advantages.
The North had close. very close call
a. tsa atrngglA so close that had tina