davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17

In an address to the Poultry Glass
Of the Rhode Island Agricultural Col
lege, DR.. Woods said:
Surprising We have observed care in
breeding and rearing our fowls-how
shall we prevent disease?
Unsanitary surroundings, dampness,
crowding. impure water, improper food,
neglect and want of exercise, are all
factors In breeding disease. 1t does
not matter whether it is germ dis
ease or not Subjected to such condi-
tons. even the strong sound constitu-
ton breaks down, and with it vanishes
immunity.
Poultry houses should be built on
land that Is dry and we'll drained. Per-
sonally I am in favor Of the open front
scratching shed house; since it permits
open air exercise all the year round,
with necessary shelter from wind and
storm. Next to the scratching shed
house comes the large we'll lighted pen,
with plenty Of room for exercise. l do
not favor ventilators. believing that the
best of them are prone to create drafts
-and sleeping fowls subjected to
drafts will soon become victims of
colds. Build the houses tight and warm.
There is little danger of getting them
too snug. Have the windows made to
open. and give the houses a thor
ough airing daily by opening the doors
and windows while the fowls are exer-
':tsing This will secure all the yenti-
lation needed. If, after adopting this
plan. the house seems to need yentilat-
ing, you can make sure that you have
overestimated its capacity, ana that
what you want In the house is not ven
tilators, but fewer fowls.
Sunlight is important to health: your
house must be SO placed that through
the day sunlight may penetrate to all
parts Of It. Sunshine and pure air are
the greatest blood purifiers.
"A very dusty house is not desirable. A
Fowls can stand more dust than We
can. but constant breathing OF a duat
laden atmosphere invites catarrhal
troubles. Dust has its place in the
poultry house. and that place is in the
dust bath. which should be located III
some sunny corner of the house or
shed. Tho dust bath Is a necessity.
since 4 = the natural method Of, clean.
sing skin and feathers. and keeping
down yeruain.
crowding on the roosts must s.
avosded 4 fresdom from colds Il Is s.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17
Hon. M. H. Mccord.


helped me in many respects. was
troubled with colds, coughs. sore
throat, etc., but as soon as had t-ken
your medicine began to improve and
soon got we'll. take pleasure in rec
ommending your great remedy to all
who are afflicted with catarrh.-M. H.
McCord.
Thousands of cases Of chronic ca
tarrh have been cured by Pe-ru-na
during the past winter. In spite #
changeable weather, in spite of tie ma
tural set-backs from catching cold, and
confinement to illy-ventilated rooms,
the great catarrh remedy-Pe-ru-ra-
has effected these cures. But now
spring is here. The days are longer,
the sun is warmer. and the blizzard is
gone for another year. This PREF ,nts
q much more favorable opportunity for
the permanent cure of chronic catarrh,
especially old, stubborn cases. Now
Is the time to begin treatment. Other
things being equal, one months treat
ment in the spring is worth two
months treatment during the inclem-
ent weather of winter. Insist upon
having Pe-ru-na. There are no sue
cessful substitutes for this remedy.
Send to Dir. Hartman, Columbus, o.,
for free catarrh book.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17
PATENTS.

List of Patents Issued Last Week to
Northwestern Inventors.
Edward II. Burger, Duluth, Mimi,
safety pocket; Carroll d. Clipfell,
Redwood Falls, Mimi, automatic
swinging stacker; Augustus S. Lock-
rem, and o. Estwik, Pierpont, s. D.,
tongue cap and line guard; John U.
g. Morrison and A.. A. Kregnes, Hook
er, s D., crltdvator; William P. Shat
tuck, Minneapolis, Mimi, syringe.
MerWin, Lothrop johnson. Patent At
torneys, 01O Pioneer Press Bldg, st. Paul.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17
IN THE GREAT NORTHWEST.
Letter From the Kansas and Nebraslsa
Delegates to Dauphin.
Prince Albert Sask


Delegates to Dauphin.
Prince Albert, Sask.,
18th August, 1898.
William McCreary, Esq, Immigra-
ton Commissioner, Winnipeg, Man:
Sir-We. the undersigned delegates
from Kansas and Nebraska, U. S. A., in
reporting the results of our trip to
Dauphin, and subsequently to Regina,
Prince Albert and the middle Sas-
katcheWan country, beg to say that our
tickets were limited to 81 days, and as
we had other large regions to visit, we
could only spend short time in the
Dauphin country. We examined, how
ever, the principal cultivated areas in
the southern parts Of township %,
range 10, the great wheat fields Of Wis
mart, Buchanan, Owen, Smith. Ross.
Sinclair, the Whitmores, Drinkwaters,
etc.. and subsequently, others to the
north, and never, in our experience,
nave we seen finer grain. The whole
country is watered by numerous
streams flowing from the slopes of
Riding Mountain, and excellent we'll
water is found everywhere at from 10
IL feet Extensive forests of spruce
and tamarack cover the northern parts
OF the mountains, from which timber
Is manufactured in Dauphin and else
where, and sold at $12 a thousand
at the mills. Wild hops and wild fruits
are abundant, and ripen in the open
air. Vegetation throughout is surpris-
tngly luXuriant, and without hesita-
ton we would rank the whole region
amongst the best grain growing areas
Of the continent. The output of wheat
last year was about $4,000 bushels, but
this year it is estimated at over a mill
lion. Westward lie tie homestead
lands which now, and when fresh sur
veys are completed. will afford COM
Portable homes to thousands of dill
gent families. The great Gilbert
Plains, also, we were unable to Visit,
where grain growing has been conduct
ed with the best results for years, and
which will become a vast wheat field
as soon as branch railway reaches
there. Settlement is speeding in all
these regions, reminding us indeed Of
the early days in our own states; and,
as we have examined, since our visit to
Dauphin. a portion of the great coun-
try lying south and east of Prince AL
bert, we can readily imagine the tide
OF immigration which will soon flow
into the Canadian west.
(Signed) George S. Bennett. Halls
Summit, Kan; S. w. Bennett, Halls
Summit, KAN; E. F. Brooks, West
phalia, Kan; John Flannery, Stuart,
Neb.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17
Feeding of Calves.

6eOutuB Oh SStSeSs
]. NJ. Trueman. in an address to
Pennsylvania farmers, said:
II skim milk cannot be obtained. It
is possible to raise excellent calves on
hay tea. Take large pot and I'LL it
with early cut clover or timothy hay,
cover it with water and boil for half
an hour. The tea thus made is very
nutritious and is much relished by the
calves. have made common prac-
tice OF warming little skim milk by
pouring into it hot hay tea, and found
1t very satisfactory drink for calves.
The clear tea may be improved by add
ing to 1t some Of the linseed jelly and
also a small amodnt Of scalded mid
dlings. Two gallons Of hay tea with
scalded linseed and middlings and bran
and ground oats, and clover hay for
dry feed would be good days ration
for a calf two months old.
Calves dropped in the spring should
not be turned out to pasture the first
summer, as more uniform growth will
be obtained by feeding them in the
barn away from the heat and flies. 1t
is generally more convenient to have
calves that are to be raised dropped
in the fall, as they can be given more
attention during the winter, and are
in good condition to make use of pas
ture the next summer. Even at six
months old, however, they should not
be left unprotected in the heat, but
should have darkened barn or shed
to which they can go to get away
from the flies. Don't leave them out
late in the fall, but take them to the
barn before the cold begins to pinch
them.
The second winter the yearlings
should be supplied with food that will
form bone and muscle. They will be
able to eat considerable roughage, as
straw and corn fodder, but will also
need some concentrated food. 1t is not
desirable to harden their muscles too
much, as it is apt to hinder growth.
Give them roots or silage once a day
to keep the muscles soft and growing.
II you have neither of these foods,
plan to have one Of them next year,
and in the meantime feed wheat bran
and linseed in small quantities, or any
heterogeneous food, as dried brewers
grains or gluten feed. If the heifers
show signs Of getting fat, reduce the
linseed meal. Give them one feed a
day Of good clover hay.
The heifers should be bred to drop
their first calves at about two years
old. While pregnant feed rather more
literally with view to developing a
good udder. When within a few months
Of calving increase the grain feed in
order that the udder may be developed,
and that the drain of the growing calf
may not be too heavy on the system of
the young cow. Two weeks before
calving, reduce the feed and give soft
food. and do not return. to full feed
for at least two weeks after calving.
Many men have been successful in
raising calves, who have not followed
the plan outlined in this paper, and
therefore do not claim that other
methods Of detail may not be just
as good. The principles, however, re-
main always the same. Wise breeding
and judicious feeding, with a never
ending care for the health and COM
fort Of the animals, will bring success,
and their neglect will just as surely
bring defeat and disappointment.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17
Onion Seed ESQ .nd ,,,.1,h

Catalogue tells how to grow 1913 bus nor
acre as easily as 100 bushels. Lareest
growers Of Earliest Vegetables and Farm
Seeds Earliest vegetables always pay.
6alzer's Seeds produce them weeks ahead
Of others. Coffee Berry 15c per Id. Pota-
toes $1.20 Bbl.
Cut this out and send with l4c for great
and flower seed novelties to JOHN A
SAFER SEED COMPANY. IA
CROSSE, WIS. rw.n1
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17
Agricultural.
'What Is raised mostly in damp eli
matesY' asked the teacher.
Umbrellas" replied Johnny.
Agricultural.
Our Nayal stat ion .t a.n 4

Uur NAVAL Stati0n ut San Juan.
The United States naval station. to
be located at San Juan, Porto Rico,
will be Of the utmost importance as
the key to the situation when the Mic
aragua canal is constructed. The key
to good health is Hostetter's Stomach
Bitters. 1t guards the digestive or
gans from attacks Of indigestion, bill
1ousness and constipation.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17
Pushfnr Busine...

Pushing Business.
81 though Cholly's father started him
in business"
"He did; but business was so dull
that Cholly had to get an alarm clock
to 60 home''-Puck.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17
Well Earned.

BILL tell you. fellow never knows
what good dinner is until he has to
work for it.
Jnl-Ah! they made you carve the
duck, did they ?-Yonkers Statesman.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17
Detection of Lice.


Lice may exist on fowls and chicks
without being discovered, and that is a
difficulty in the way of those who are
endeavoring to convince the inexperi-
enced OF such fact, says Mirror and
Farmer. In brood of chickens two
or three may perhaps be weaker than
the others. and these will be almost
sure to have ten times the number OF
vermin on them than the strong and
healthy ones. and the only way to &C.
count for it is that the weak chickens
do not seem to have the strength and
energy to dust themselves; hence it is
a matter of impossibility for them to
thrive when they have vermin upon
them, which not only suck the blood
but derive a great deal Of nutriment
out of the shooting quilts. which is. OF
course, very weakening to the chickens
More chickens are killed through the
ravages of vermin than from all the
diseases put together. The birds are
so weakened by these pests that they
are very susceptible to many ailments
and where chickens have been practi.
cally killed by lice, in almost every
case the gall-duct of the liver is very
full, and in some instances oyerflows
and occasionally bursts. When chick.
ems have many vermin upon them their
feathers usually look little rough,
eyes pale all round and sunken, and
there is line underneath the eve
which gives the bird a peculiar appear.
ance, as If the beak was too long for
the head (crow head), and then the
wings too long for the body. Even
when the youngsters appear strong and
healthy it is we'll to catch one or two
occasionally and examine them very
closely, and il there are the least signs
they should be we'll busted with in.
sect powder so as to destroy what few
there are. Those which have large
number of vermin upon them should
be we'll busted with insect powder
twice, the second from five to seven
days after the first dressing, also, at
the same time, applying few drops
of sweet oil on the heads. When dust.
ing the chicken place large sheet OF
paper on a table and lay the bird on
its back, then part the feathers and
shake the powder well in, so that the
whole of the skin is covered with it.;
turn the bird over and rub the prepare.
tion we'll into the ends of the flights
among the quilts. After they have been
we'll busted the powder should be
knocked of the surface of the feath.
ers with the hand on the paper SO that
mono is wasted.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17

He Couldn't Swallow That. e"
Come, come, cheer up" said the OPP
timist; tits all for the best, remem-
ber."
$50 it seems" said the pessimist.
"At all events, we second-best ones
don't seem to get any."-Ally Sloper.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17

Mrs. Windows soothing Syrup.
For children teething, softeus the gums reduces IN
dammsion. allays pain cures wind collie Csc bottle
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17
Apparatus for Rlpenlnr cream.

Apparatus for RtpeninE Cream.
A correspondent of the National
Stockman sends the following contri-
button to that journal in regard to the
ripening of cream:
There is one point that should be
emphasized. that is the Importance 81
ripening and just how to ripen the
cream. To keep the cream in the liy.
ing room, or in the kitchen, around the
fire. as many butter makers do, is one
of the surest ways of spelling the but.
ter, and where but few cows are milk.
ed keeping room warmed up to The
proper temperature especially for ri.
peniDg the cream is attended with toe
much expense. A few years ago we
stumbled into a way that is practical
economical, and gives the best results
We bought what is known as a bread
raiser, and after using it for that pur-
pose for awhile we found that it was
just the thing to warm up the cream.
Any one handy with tools can make
one, and the cost is but trife. Ours
is a wooden box 81 inches high, q
inches wide, and Is inches deep, with
a sheet iron bottom or division IL
inches from the floor. In the under
part there should be small door fol
putting l. the lamp, required to give
the heat. The sheet iron division
should fit close SO as to keep all ga.
from the lamp entering the upper
apartment. A few small holes under
the sheet iron will let out the gas from
lamp. In the upper apartment
Slated movable bottom should be
placed two or three inches above the
sheet iron on which to set the cream
bucket or bread tray. A lid covers
the box and keeps out dust. etc. With
thermometer inside the lamp can be
regulated to give any temperature de-
sired. A box of this kind can be made
larger or smaller to suit individual
wants.
Poisoning Rabbits.-The Port Lava.
can tells of two brothers engaged in
raising cabbage extensively in Calhoun
county, who had suffered considerable
loss from the ravages Of rabbits. The
following plan of destroying the pest
was resorted to by the brothers and
proved successful: They soak sweet
potatoes in strychnine .twenty.four
hours. The potatoes are then cut IN
and pieces fastened on pointed stick,
driven into the ground. This Is tempt.
ing food for the rabbits and few bite,
are always fatal. The destroyer die,
on the spot and at best seldom get,
over an acre away before dropping
More than a hundred rabbits have al. |
ready been killed at the Kelly cabbage |
field and II the custom is generally fol. |
lowed the country will soon be entirely |
free from the pests. A piece Of sweet |
potato at the end of each row IL all
that Is necessary.
"A light meal in the morning, with
! full meal at night. Is better than
Ieeding the fowls three times q dav.
IS they sho,,'S be so fed as TO tndnre
hem to, scfatsi, and exercise. instead
Il remaining In condition Of idlenes,
Turing the winter.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17

The woman who weds bad egg
need not expect to find the matrimonial
yolk pleasant.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17

You are not very good if you are
not better than your best friends i'm
agine you to be.-Lavater.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17
DAIRY AND POULTRY.
INTERESTING CHAPTERS FOR
OUR RURAL READERS.

How Successful Farmers Operate Thi.
Departments Of the Farm-A Few
Hints ~ to the Care OF Live Stock
and Poultry.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17
Welcomed the Announcement.

"e1cOneu inc ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.
"Aha! the plot thickens!' exclaimed
the hero. as he strobe across the stage
"Good! responded O voice from the
gallery. "1t's pretty thin SO fur
Ohio State Journal.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17

had. for crowdins 70 almost certain to
result In sweating, and subsequent
chill. It 10 best avoided BY allowing
no more fowls to q pen than It will af-
ford comfortable roosting room. II
they have warm. roomy quarters. and
are we'll cared for, they will not crowd
enough to do them harm.
Dampness should never be tolerated:
fowls cannot thrive in damp quarters.
Dampness that may result from house
sweating can be overcome by airing
the house we'll each day. The length
Of time for the airing is to be deter
mined by the condition Of the weather.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17
Types ef eheen

At the meeting Of the Kansas state
Board Of Agriculture, John A. Craig,
professor Of animal husbandry IN Iowa
Agricultural College. delivered an adj
dess ON the sheep that breeders and
feeders should handle. In part he
said:
In Judging of the good and bad
qualities in pure bred sheep in the
breeding classes, the subject Of breed
type should receive careful consider
alton. While it has bearing on the
judging of all classes Of pure bred
stock, yet it is Of double Importance
In the pure bred classes of sheep.
The type that has been Characters
tic OF each breed has arisen from a va
riety of causes. In all instances the
breeders skill in selecting and mating
mas been a controlling factor, while
other influences have more or less as
sisted. In some instances, the func-
ton Of the animal or the work It is
called upon to do has had strong in
fuence. This is evident in the instance
OF the running horse, the trotting
horse and the dairy COW, where the
form or the type has developed from
the function. In other instances the
environment has aided man in his
work of selection and this is notably
true OF sheep. The adaptability of
sheep for different attitudes of land en-
ables us to divide them into lowland
breeds, upland or down breeds and
mountain breeds, and it is CONNECTED
with the subject of breed type, for the
environment of such lands develops the
type that does the best upon them. The
lowland breeds are large, square and
strong framed, and heavy producers of
wool and mutton; the down breeds are
smaller, but rounder and more COM
pact, with fleece, frame and mutton of
better quality. The mountain breeds
must have more vigor and agility than
these previously mentioned to earn
subsistence under rougher conditions,
SO that the possession of rugged con-
stitution, active disposition, with
strong limbs and muscles are of more
Importance than the other features
that are characteristic of other types.
Man seeks to fix the type that he has
found characteristic of the breeds, by
celebrating scales of points represent
ing the features of the types desired,
and toward the production of these
ideal types all breeders bend their en-
ergies.
The type of breed having been de-
cided upon by all the breeders, it
should be the aim of the breeders and
the judges to recognize it. for aside
from an acknowledgment Of the wishes
OF the breeders it is a point of direct
value to do so. When breed has been
uniformly bred to a type for a period
OF 20 years or SO the type has become
so fixed that 1t is uniformly transmit
ted. Two Of the most powerful fac
tors aiding the fixing Of the type of a
breed are the breeders seeking to pro-
duce the animal of ideal type as repre-
sented by the scale of points and the
judges conforming to it in the show
ring. The result is of value to the
breeding interests, as 1t assists in max
ing the breeds prepotent or able to
transmit their characteristics with q
greater degree Of certainty.
Swine Breeders Reputation.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17

The medium should always be in
good spirits.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17

Lazyman's Dirty Milk.-some ono
has fittingly said: "As the strength Of
a chain is governed by its weakest
link. SO the quality Of creamery but
ter is governed by the dirtiest milk
sent to the vat" It is admitted that
the most serious drawback to the
creamery is that It matters not how
skillful or how careful the manager
may be. he is at the, mercy Of the
LATEST. dirtiest and most careless Of
ais milk suppliers.--Ex.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-03-17
GOVERNOR M.coRp.

1sssaAsa0 1s-su.na - An 0assszA
vlctana
Hon. Myron II. RECORD, ex-governor
Of New Mexico. In . letter to d.. Hart
man. from Washington, D. O., says:
Gentlemen-At the suggestion Of Q
friend was advised tc use Pe-ru-nA
for catarrh, and after using one bottle
I began to feel better In every way. Il