New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1899-07-04
ant material for refutlng # with its own utter

dant material for refutng II with its own utter
The STEADY motion" of perfect fluid. motion
taken for granted by the mathematcians, is not
simply Incredible. but simply impossible. as soon
as the conditions are actually pictured upon paper
or reproduced faithfully In the imagination. The
theory contemplates that the formal row OF ldeal
narrow streams which the ideal vessel VIII be en-
counterlng proceed shpward from discreety IN
6nite distance at which distance they flow In
strictly parallel courses, but at once begin 10 De
swerved 10 port and starboard by the reaction OF
tho vessels bows transmitted through the perfect
non-viscous and incompressible fluid. without the
slightest abatement for friction or other lmpeul-
mcnt From that most distant point al "hlch 1t
beptns the swerving Of each stream steadily IN
creases along the whole length or the approac"'
and AT any one point the line the angle Of swerve
which has there been actually attained is an angie
that &c the sum OF all those increments OF s"erVe
which at very step OF advance TO TINS point INC
reactive line of force has Imposed upon the S'rea'
When the ideal vessel once takes her place among
tho streams which at that instant are moving snip
ward in exactly parallel lines. the swerVihg OF
.h,, n this side and TO that is not TO be accom-
,lisbed instantaneousy along the whole line ahead
beu,eor her bows and the infinitely distant sources
his. rho process OF swerying is successive anu PiO
gregsive and it advances at Unite rate u iNo'io
fror, her bows forward, and cannot pe propasateu
so far As 10 the infinite sources In less tnan an IN
finite time ,.. Bon
,rh.-eforo forever though short Of absolute eter-
r,t, the process OF propagatng forward the
ev,.-ve from parallel direction 70 port ana star
hoard directions. will be advancing ana II AT any
given time we fix upon given point aIong 'he me
- ,,-onaeation be II near or distant, the SUN
- distance 20 which the process will by that
Time have progressed must measure less than the
distance to which az any later moment the process
will have progressed ,,
Rut The angle Of swerve. or port ana starooaru
deviation from a due shipward course Whlch H' d
,,,r noint and at given time VIII have been en-
forced upon the stream is no other than the sum
- al those increments OF angle OF swerve "hlch
bo,e haen excessively enforced upon II at each
stem Of the way that point, beginning WIN Ila'
moro distant point AZ which the s"er'lhs "iS'
hogan And at any later time than TINS the Oe-
,r,t,g NJ swerve will have taken place az
ro,rt sin more distant fOrasmuch as the process
-. ro,, eating still further the swerve Is going on
,.ho,, ir,errnission and the excess OF distance OF
nropaeation will each step be AIDING more III
crements Of angle 10 the sum total OF s"eINe
which exists at the point first mentioned. II loi-
,ovs that at the point first mentioned the angie OF
swerve. composed Of all ncrements enforced along
the length Of the road 1t has traversed' VIII d a"y
,,ror ,,r,a he a smaller angle than the angle which
Will exist at later moment when the s"erNl"s
power will already have been propasa'eu 10
GREATER distance forward, and when consequently
-. irgtb ~ the traversed road Will have oeen
~rrre anO
number OF increments Of the angle OF s"erFe ""is
10 % 10 exhibited at this later moment oy the
s,re.r, AZ that same point In other "orus 'ne
800 ~ angular swerve Of a stream al d CIV"
nont can AZ no given instant be me same az 80
,ard ~ any other instant whether pee oi 49,,
III motion OF the stream Is qulte III
Ses,t,is in parfect fluid This conclusion ~ az
In nerf-ct agreement with oDsrrs .-ards
eVc@edingly breadthwise AT ts ~
1i1e ~ the motion but az Il proEi d q,
- bacorne more and more nearly lVI
~ they would eventually )ecoine -, CO.. tbe
,,ry,,sbs HE from fore-and-aft were i ~ ornong
tliIs -. ~ clngiugness OF the particles aihVis
vlscoslIE ~ uvherebS the liquid bow when ma, Nae
rsdualIv been lengthening Itself ~ a,
- motion fresh particles al lts apSA, sSt go az
80 a. anex constantly peeled OF paIsu a"as ,. -,
;he friction OF passing particles Ihr pa. the
w La,,g now effected quite as rapluiy az
par - isrQ,bens Itself by adding particles; ~
a perfect. non-viscous nulo l III PparticIes and
,tile there If no clingtng OF the paltiI -, re
49, go no paring away at the apex Dut "a
$3.50 ho,, Ienqthens Itself without cessa,lOt an
49, Instant becomes sharper thereby anu o.
more and more Of the motion OF tne 80
P 'J ~ sfreams outside OF IL have less snu rs
SCI al. ryerve and they become more ana tnoIe
,carI,, narallel similar result j. iheN a. a.
- sj,Inie denntion OF a perfect huld InS -
- he "a substance which II cohuhuON7.'
n,4 MON nv a deforming force or stress con-
tfnuousIy Yields with CONTINUOUSLY M 1870
dsfnrmation or strain: and thus the ratio OF
-, s,rsss a. not constant. but increases WIN ~.
- - ,frne From this IL may be perc'INeu Ia
- u,bols column water ahead OF the oon. ltNn'
- 80 an ward 10 a dscreetly INFINITE dlstance
cnnsidered as single figure continususy 49,
lsy md at every point In the mass the oeior
Continuously increase SO tnat ehcn NV