Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-05-24
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This makes ministries rather unstable.
and 1t also gives larger room for the
play OF purely personal qualities in
politics. In England it is party rather
than the man that counts; in Italy the
man dominates the party. When the
party majority in the house of COM
mons changes tho entire ministry re-
signs and an entirely now set of men OF
the opposite party form a government.
IN Italy the new ministry formed after
Il government defeat in the chamber OF
deputies may comprise several of the
members Of the defeated cabinet, and
IL has often happened that Il prime
minister has met defeat by retaining
Office himself and making a new cabi-
net BY dropping certain members OBJ
1ectionable TO the deputies. This de-
parture from the original form of par
lamentary government is rendered pes
sible by the peculiar grouping OF the
numerous parties in the chamber of
deputies. It obscures party RESPONSE
bility and is an evidence of imperfect
party organization. according to the
british or American standard.
THE PAPACY.
The governmental problem in Italy is
greatly complicated by the curious re-
lation existing between the Italian mon
the early medieval times the pope re-
ceived from Il French king the grant of
considerable territory in italy to be
administered by the church as a tenn
Poral Kingdom. When the holy Roman
empire was created in 500 4. y. Charlie
magne confirmed the grant of land to
the papacy and for more than O0O
years the pope was not only the spii=
,tual ruler Of Christcndom. but the tenn
poral ruler of II large portion of ltaI-
ian territory ccnterinE n Rome When
the Italian nation was forming an at
tempt was made to persuade the none
TO relinquish his temporal power over
INC so-caiied papal states. but he re-
FUSED. France sustained the DoDn and
ior time the advancing Italian ma
liohality was halted at the walls of
jiomc. Bu; in 1870 France was con-
a'raihed I" abandon the pope and Rome
ny an overwhelming vote Joined its
forces with the new nation
H!thonSh every consideration has
peeh SHOWN 10 the pope by the Italian
government he has thus far ;nlicn an
attitude OF uncompromisin- opDosition
. 10 the change OF government and has
maintained that the church has hoe n
lorcibly robbed of it's righiful sovcr-
eighty. since 1870 he has remained /,
voluntary prisoner IN his spacious nal
ace or the Vatican. The spectacle ar
refusing to Recognize tho government
OF people vino almost without excen
tioh are loyal members Of his church il;
very curious one. The party which
uphoids the claim To the pope to tenn
poral power is called the clerical marty
ana although it refraines from consci
ccntIons motives from taking any pari
IN national government and therefore
mas no representatives in the chamber
OF deputies it is active In local affairs
ana IFS presence is n disturbing force
in national politics.
GOVERNMENTAL PRORI.ENS
ltaiy has serious governmental nroh-
lcms on her hands. Sho is n comnor,.
.iVciy poor and undcveloped country
put she has aspircd to take hcr nIoca
beside the greatest nations of FI,ronn
ana has burdened herself with n rrc,,
ileet ana an expensive army Her cit-
IHenS nave inherited few traditions of
ssH government and large masses of
thein are densely ignorant. When va
consider these facts we do NOT wanda
AT her financial difficulties. her frennent
poIitical upheavals ana tho scandaI
wien clouds her civil service. which i,
mustered on a plan only too famil-
lar 10 Americans under the nam, of ~
epoiis system. We only wondar ~.
nne mas accomplished so much in
achieving unity and laying tbn fo,,nsn ~
o'' VI seH-SoVernment