The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-06-18

iiaiS ~ NJ CdIlilSs d. &c lltIiieNA - 49,
| ones. 1t Is now custom almost as
binding as law, that there should not
| be more than 70 cardinals IN the col
| lege, and there are seldom that many !.
| Of these IA are cardinal deacons, ou
are cardinal priests and six are cardl-
nal bishops. All of these have an equal
| right to vote, especially in the election
| of a pope.
There is Considerable desire on the
| part of the cardinals not to increase the
number too greatly, and before the
| election of Sixtus ". and some other
| popes 1t was agreed that the pope TO pc
should not select any new cardinals
without the consent of the collage.
| such agreements are not binding, now
| ever, for the pope may choose as many
| as he pleases and whoever he pleasss.
At times the pope creates some cal d.
| mails in consistory without mention
| ing their names. These are called car
| dinals Sin potto"-that is, lin the
| breast" of the pope. This device was
adopted when the popes deemed some
! one worthy of the red biretta, nut
| wished to postpone the announcement,
| because those nominated were at the
time engaged in some work or mission
which the pontiff did not wish to inter
! rupt. 1t has been rumOred, for instance,
| that Mgr. Martineln. the present legate
| Of the pope to the United States. mas
| been named cardinal in petto, ne.
| cause the pope did not wish to recall
him just at present.
AT the coming consistory it is expect
| ed that his nomination and that of at
| least four others who have been mace
cardinals in petto will be announced.
| The effect of the creation in petto is that
| when the publication is made it be-
| comes retroactive, and the date of the
| cardinalate goes back to the carrier
| consistory When anyone is named In
| petto he is notified, but it is supposed
| to be profound secret until published
at the later consistory.
What would happen if the pope VINO
named some cardinals in petto died be-
| fore another consistory met in which
| the nominations were made public? This
has been now definitely settled, al
though at one time there was some
| doubt on the matter. When Paul III.
created cardinal in petto, who was
| not proclaimed before the popes death,
he presented his notification to the coll
lege of cardinals, hoping to be admitted
to the conclave which was to elect the
| new pope, but his papers were torn up
| and he was refused admission Plus IL.
attempted new method of using this
power of creating cardinals in petto.
| He wished to raise five prelates to this
| honor, and announced: Besides these
six aforementioned cardinals, to the
| glory of the omnipotent God we intend
| to create five other cardinals, whom,
nevertheless, because of good reasons,
| we keep in petto, at some time accord
| ing to our judgment intending to pub
| lish them, and if, God so disposing, the
| holy see should be widowed before they
are published, they are made known by
| letters attached to our last will, and in
the plenitude of our apostolic power we
wish, determine and decree that they
shall have a right, both active and pass
| i've, in the election of our successor"
| The matter was not tested, however,
| for Plus lived to proclaim these cardi-
mails publicly. 1t is generally conceded
| that any cardinal not yet proclaimed
| such, even though named in petto, can
have no voice in the election of the new
pope, nor need that new pohtiff pro-
claim him cardinal unless he SO desires
| to do.
The ceremony of creating cardinals
is an interesting part of the proceed
ings of the consistories, and as it is al
most certain that some will be pro-
claimed and created at the coming con-
sistory, an account of the ceremony is
timely. After all of the other business
has been transacted at the secret con-
sistory the pope addresses the college
| of cardinals, saying: You have
|
whom he wishes to raise to the cardi-
nalate are mentioned, and he asks
What do you think?" The cardinals
assembled remove their birettas anG
bow their heads as a sign of assent.
The decree is now drawn up and al
once published outside of the consis-
tory. If the cardinals just appointed
are in Rome at the time they go imme-
diately to the apostolic paplace in theil
usual dress, without any attendants
One of the older cardinals presents
them to the pope, who gives them tbs
red cap, or biretta. If the new cardi-
nal Is absent from Rome one of ths
pope's attendants is Immediately dis
patched with the red cap, upon the re
ceipt of which the new cardinal mus
promise on OATH under penalty of los
ing the cardinalate, to go to Rome anc
visit the pope within one year
1t will be remembered that messen
ger from the pope came on this mission
| some years ago to Cardinal Satolli, WHIT
/ was consecrated in Baltimore by Cardi
nal Gibbons with imposing ceremonial
sistory the giving of the insignia to th'
NV cardinals is a proceeding of grea
ceremony.
All of the cardinals are assembled II
the apostolic palace, the pope wearing
his inter. He orders the new cardinals
to approach. They DOW low ana staHe
with uncovered head before the las
cardinal priest. The pope addresses
them on the office and eminence of tn
cardinalate. The new cardinals ap
proach and kiss the pope's feet as the!
kneel before him. Then they raise ant
kiss his hand and. last, his mouth.
After this they go and receive tn
kiss of peace from the other cardinals
Then the pope places the red hat upol
their heads, saying: For the praise o
Almighty God and the ornament of tn
holy see receive the red hat, an emblem
of the singular dignity of the cardi
nalate. by which is signified that eyei
to death and the shedding of blood in
clusively, for the exaltation of our hol.
faith, for the peace and quiet of Chris
tian people, for the increase and pres
ervation of the holy Roman church, yo1
are to show yourself intrepid, in tn
name of the Father, and of the sor
and of the Holy Ghost. Amen"
In another consistory the mouths o
the new cardinals are closed by TIL
| pope, who forbids them to speak in con