davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-06-08
UNITED STATES COURT.
The Case of EarIes and Edwards Taken
Under Advisement.

Special Dispatch to the Standard.
Helena, June Judge Knowles to-day
heard arguments upon a temporary writ
Of habeas corpus issued yesterday in the
case of Earles and Edwards. Messrs.
Breen and Mackel appeared for the ac-
Cused. and Assistant District Attorney
English for the government. AT the con-
clusion of the arguments Judge Knowles
said he would take the matter under ad-
visement, rendering a decision next
Tuesday.
The case of the United States vs.. Tow
hy set for trial to-day, went over until
tomorrow because of the absence of
some of the government witnesses.
A number of the trial jurors that had
been summoned were excused and spe-
cia! vunre for 10 more issued.
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-06-08
Betting in San Francisco.

San Francisco. June THE forth
coming championship fight between
FitZsimmons and Jeffries is attracting
much attention in this city. In the
pool rooms Jeffries has many hackers
and there is also plenty of FitZsimmons
money in sight Men who are willing
to back their judgment look for sharp
and decisive fight. In the betting there
are plenty who are willing to back JET
fries at 61a to 10 and a good many who
accent z to 10
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-06-08
The ImpeaChment Cases.

Special Dispatch TO the Standard.
Wallace. Idaho. June 7.-Nothing was
done in the Impeachment cases to-day, ad-
iournment being taken this morning until
tomorrow. The validity of the jury list
drawn at Murray last January will first
be settled. 1t is not likely the impeach-
ment trials will begin before the first or
middle of next week
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-06-08
Shot to Death.

Birmingham. Ala, June IA special 70
the News from Centerville, Ala, confirms
the lynching of Win Hill. the alleged ac-
compiice of his brother, Alex Hill, in the
murder of Mrs. Rufus Hubbard and her
husband in Bibb county. rIill was shot to
death yesterday by posse near the Hub
hard home.
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-06-08
A Murderer Hanged.

Princeton. Mo-, June Peter Kindred,
who shot and killed Andrew A Alley and
dangerously wounded his cousin, Joseph
A Alley. at Mercer on Feb. 5, 1898, was
hanged here to-day. Kindred had been
acting strangely for two months and was
thought to be insane. He had TO be car
ried to the scaffold and held in position
while being DniOned.
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-06-08
Big Buffalo Mine Sold.

Lewiston, Iadho, June THE Delamar
Mining company to-day purchased the
Big Buffalo mine for $500 900. The first
paymen, of $25, 600 is to be made July t5
This mine is the original discovery of the
famous Buffalo Hump
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-06-08
VIII Sunnnrt Henderson.

Topeka. Kan, June 7.-The Kansas re-
publican congressional delegation, after
a conference held in this city tonight,
sent a telegram to General Henderson
saying they would vote for him for speak
er of the house.
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-06-08
A Montana Man

Special Dispatch to the Standard.
San Francisco, June Among the Ma
nila soldiers who landed from the trans
port Sheridan to-day was Private ]. l.
Carton of the 1st Montana volunteers.
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-06-08
DAUGHTERS of the Confederacy.

Washington, June THE United Daugh-
ters Of the Confederacy began a two
days reunion at Glencoe, near this city,
to-day.
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-06-08
Against Cession.

Seattle Wash. June THE Washing
ton Pioneers association passed resolu-
ton to-day protesting against the cesSion
of any Alaska territory to Canada.
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-06-08
AdYanceLin Wares.

Pittsburg, June THE American Steel
Hoop company has announced a general
advance in wages in their plant. All skill
ed laborers will receive an increase of 10
ner cent
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-06-08
Indians Have Rebelled.

Kingston, Jamaica, June Mail ad-
vices from the Mosquito coast says the
Indians have rebelled against the gov
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-06-08
Excursionists in Helena.

Special Dispatch to the Standard.
Helena, June IA special train carry
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13
NOTICE.
OFFICIAL CALL FOR REPUBLICAN
CAUCUSES, PRIMARIES AND
CONVENTION.

The republican city convention is here
by called to meet at the Auditorium,
Butte, Saturday, the 18th day of March,
1899, at ~ o'clock, noon, for the purpose
Of making nominations for the following
offices, to be voted for at the coming
city election, and transact such other
business as ma legally come before the
convention:
First, Mayor; second, City Treasurer;
third, Police Magistrate, mo one Alder
man from each ward. A caucus will be
held in each ward on Monday, March 10,
at 40 p. m, and the primaries on Tues
day from 5 to 8 O'Clock p. m. The fol-
lowing places havc been designated to
hold the caucus and primaries:
First Ward-J. A. Cannon & Co.'S Of
fee, No. l East broadway.
Second Ward-Lee Davenport's office,
No. 90 West Granite, upstairs.
Third Ward-No. 123 East Broadway.
Fourth Ward-No. 107 West Broadway.
Fifth Ward-Swiss Home, corner of
Mercury and Arizona streets.
Sixth Ward-No. 122 South Montana
street.
Seventh Ward-St. James Hotel.
Eighth Ward-Johnston House.
Each of the eight wards is entitled to
eight delegates and eight a~lternates.
Dated Butte, Mont, March 10, 1899.
A. A. M'MILLAN, Chairman.
A. N. YODER, Secretary.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13
Eleven-Year Old Boy Shot His
Little Sister.
GIRL SERIOUSLY WOUNDED
Bullet Entered Near Her Nose and Is
Lodged in the Back Of
the Head.

The home of Mr.. and Mrs. James Mar
tin, No. 1 Ridgley avenue, was the scene
of a sad accident last night from which
serious consequences may result. jimmy
Martin, the 11-year old son of Mr.. and
Mrs. Martin, shot his 5-year old sister,
and while the little girl may recover, she
is in great danger.
The accident occurred about s o'clock
last night. The family were in the par
lor and Mrs. Martin sent her son INTO
her bedroom to get a letter which she had
placed in a bureau drawer. His sister &C.
companied him into the room.
A few moments later the parents were
startled by the report of the discharge of
her pistol. coming from the bedroom. Mrs.
Martin remembered that her husbands
revolver was in the same drawer as the
letter. The parents rushed into the room
to find the little daughter lying on the
floor with blood streaming from a wound
in her face, while the frightened boy
stood by, with the smoking revolver in
his hand.
The boy was so badly scared that he
could tell but little concerning the occur
rence AS near as could be learned he
went to the bureau drawer, for the let
ter, saw the gun n forgetting all about
his errand took the pistol out of the
drawer to investigate it. His sister stood
directly in front of him when he pulled
the trigger.
The pistol was 80 calibre. The bullet
entered just below the nose, ranged to
the left and lodged at the base of the skull
at the back of the head.
DR.. Leggat was called in and took the
little girl to ST. James hospital. The
parents are nearly Frustrated.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13
CLARA THROPP IN VI
"A DOLLS HOUSE"
THE DAINTY COMEDIENNE SCORES
A SUCCESS AT THE GRAND.

When Miss Clara Thropp came on the
| stage of the Grand last night she was
| practically unknown to the Butte thea-
ter goers for no welcome at all was ac-
corded her. She succeeded in converting
every one present into a demOnstrative
admirer. She also succeeded in some
thing no one else was ever known to do
in Butte on Sunday night secured a
hearty curtain call every act. She is ad-
v~ertised as "America's daintiest m
d~ienne." She is that and more, she is an
artist, putting her art before everything.
One rare gift she has-that of putting
herself thoroughly en- rapport with her
audience. She possesses that nameless
thing called magnetism. Her audience
sees everything with her eyes, sorrows
with her, laughs with her. What greater
tribute to her art can any artist ask?
The play, "a Dolls House." is like all of
Ibsen's, a problem play. A young girl
is brought UP by her father who treats
her as a doll; when she is married her
husband treats her in the same way. She
knows nothing of law. Her husband is
very i'll; a physician says a year IN Italy
will save him; she borrows the money,
and is to get her fathers signature to the
note; he dies suddenly and she, three
days after his death signs her fathers
name, a forgery, a fact she does not real
ize until afterwards. Her husbands life
is saved, he is made manager of the
bank; one of his employees, Krogstad, is
the man who loaned the child wife, Nora,
the money. Mr.. Helmer determines to
discharge him because once in his youth,
Krogstad had forged to obtain money.
He then diSclOseS her crime to Mrs. Hell
mer, threatening to tell her husband if
the position is not restored. Her plead
ings are in vain. Her great fear is that
her husband will assume her guilt to
shield her and she determines to die. To
her astonishmcnt he Only cusses her-tell-
ing her she is her fathers child-as base
as he was, etc. He will take her children
from her-never more can they be man
and wife, though outwardly so; and so on.
Then a letter is Brought, krogstad relents
an old sweetheart causing him to do so,
the note is destroyed. Then the husband
reioices, that he is saved. No thought
of the tortured wife who has suffered
death for three days. Then manlike he
will forgive heT-that is all that is neces-
sary--he is in love with his own generos-
ity. She has awakened to his real char
acter and decides to leave him and does
so. The evolution of the child wife to the
despairing wife wasa character study i'm
possible to describe. Her dainty grace,
her beauty, her ndescribable charm of
manner made a picture few will forget.
In the sketch, THE Truant Spouse"
she played a comedy role just as effec-
lively. Her singing was encored again
and again. But if she will sing a second
verse of My Honolulu Lady, instead
of ",Just One Girl" which has been done
to death here, it would be better. Her
caste is excellent, and her costumes are
lovely. She will appear two more even
ingS.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13

Mr.. H. p. King, late Of Ryan Hotel
Turkish baths, ST. Paul, has accepted a
position at Amos Turkish baths. Mr..
King is acknowledged by those who
know to be the best ~shampooer west Of
New York. Henry. who has been here
so long, will have charge of the day shift.
Henry is always all right. These baths
are a great benefit to people suffering
from colds, grippe, rheumatism, etc.
Baths open day and night; three atten-
dants; sleeping rooms. Turkish ba tn,
Loo; plain bath, % cents. Amos Turk
ish Baths, corner Broadway and Main.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13
ago and resulted in a verdict for the de.

Judge Lindsay has r~earranged his cal
endar of suits as follows:
March. BINARY Ann Hurley VS.. Pat
rick O'Neill; Montana Bill Posting Co. VS..
w. E. Kendrick ct al; Michael Dolan VS..
D. j. Hennessy Mercantile Co.
March 14-Joseph Dewitt VS.. the City
of Butte; Elizabeth Coleman VS.. Oliver
N. Perry. 7r
March 15-R. w. Farmer VS.. J. B. Fred
erich ct al; Moses Benoit VS.. School Dis
trict No. I. - sA
March 16-Susan Mitchell VS.. Harry
Blumkin; Harry L. Haupt ct al VS.. Elias
Silnmington ct al; estate of James Tuohy,
order to show cause.
March 517-Ruth F. Leggat ct al VS..
Butte City Water Co.; John Mccormick
VS.. J. B. Johnston ct al. NJ o.,
March 20-A. A. Dekay vs.. Nicholas
Hughes; Margaret Robinson vs. Ellen
Walker.
March 21-C. J. Smith & Co.. VS.! j. 9,
Mott; Thomas Tague VS.. John Caplice
Co.. =
March 22-Michael B. Holland VS.. City
of Butte; ndrew Less VS.. City oftButte
March ga. A. Mcmillan VS.. John X
King ct al; The City of Butte VS.. l.. r.
Cook ct al.
March 24-First National Bank of Butte
VS.. Twin City-Butte Mfg. Co.: Julius
Leavy VS.. Alex Rodgers; William O'Don-
nell ct al VS.. the City of Butte. If
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13
CRYSTALS PRING STAGE

Will leave Club Livery stables three
times a day at 10 a. M, 2 p. M, and 8 p
M; leave Springs ~ m, S p. m, and 1913
p. m. Fare Csc each way.
G. LANGLOIS, Prop.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13
NOTICE TO BUSINESS MEN

If you can't collect your accounts give
them 70 the Blu Coat Collectors; they
viii give them prompt attention. collec-
tons made any place in the United
States. Copper City Law and Collection
Agency. Props. 75, IS Owsley block. TeIe-
phone 122.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13
WILL BE HUNG ODA

Some of that elegant wall paper, Of
which the Thompson Paint & Wal Paper
company has such a large stock of, at
No. 1876 South Main street. Telephone
No. 81, three rings.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13

The people of Butte know a goOd THING
they see it. If you don't believe if
look in at Tasselrs $1.0O shoe sale, 25 w.
Park.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13

If not, why not? You save 81 if you
spend 81 at Tassell's $1.00 shoe sale, %
w. Park.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13

81, 81, 81, and s. shoes for men, women
and children only 81. 90. Tassel's 25 West
Park.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13

The Albini Sisters have opened the
new "Vienna Saloon" at 119 South Main
street.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13

Infants and Children's shoes, Csc and
SOC at Tassell's shoe sale. 25 w. Park,
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13
Judgment on the PleadingS
Rendered in Favor
OF DEFENDANT PAUWELLYN
Snap Advantage Refused by Attorney
C0rbett in a Suit to Quiet
Title.

Judge Clancy held a brief session of
court this morning, but did not try any
cases. About the most important matter
heard was the motion of the defendant
for Judgment IN the ~pleadings in the case
Of Fred Radue against Cyr Pauwellyn as
executor of the estate of the late James
Tuohy. The motion was sustained, and
the plaintiff asked for and was granted
80 days in which to prepare and serve a
bill of exceptions to the ruling of the
court. A stay of proceedings to prevent
action to recover costs, for which judg-
ment was also rendered, vas granted on
the filing of a bono of 5000.
The suit involves the $23. 900 promissory
note which Tuohy is alleged to nave exc
cuted in favor of DR.. Wyerhorst in pay
ment for medical attendance and sold by
Wyerhorst to Radue for d valuable con-
sideration.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13

ais and disease germs can be obtained
from your own kettle without expense.
For particulars drop a postal TO II. A.
Hull. Dillon, Mont, western manager.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13

500 sets teeth $40. DR.. Wix. 4
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13

In the suit of w. A. Waller VS.. the
Union Life Insurance company the set
ting was vacated. The suit Of Alvira V.
Wilson VS.. F. A. Heinze "a sent to the
foot of the calendar.
II. L.. Clinton was selected by the court
to take testimony in the suit of the Dillon
Implement VS.. Theodore Hen
messy, an action for alleged debt.
In the suit of Patrick J. Hamilton
against James A. Murray to quiet title to
a small fraction of ground lying directly
west of the Hamilton block in West
Broadway the plaintiff came very near
getting a judgment by default. The case
was to have been tried, but when called
up neither the defendant nor his attorney
responded. 1.-The only way to do in cases
OF this class" said the judge, lis to give
the plaintiff a default Judgment"
1--WE do not want to take snap judgment
on the defendant said Attorney Corbett
in behalfo of the plaintiff.
Very we'll then l will continue the case
until 9 o'clock this afternoon" responded
the judge.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13
AT THE HOTELS.

The Butte-E. f. Fitzgerald, Milwau-
kee; Fl. H. AthertOn, Boston; j. w. opp,
Philipshurg; James P. Adair, Chicago;
l.. c. Parker, Garnet; w. F.. Griffin, NJ.
Karpen, Chicago; H. Heyneman, New
York; M. w. Kennedy, Denver; Lee
Haskell and wife, Mrs. f. Conley, Deer
Lodge; J. C. Moses, Lancaster, Pa; A. J.
Glass, Basin; j. J. divers t. Paul; G. Fl.
Mandell, Jr., Salt Lake; j. f. Stuart,
Jardine, Mont; d. b. Jackson, Helena;
J. 3. McNamee, st. Paul; H. R~osenthal,
New York; Miss Clara Thropp, Robert
Folsom and wife, John Folsom, New
York; James Shesgrcen, New York: ID,
w. Jacobs, Chicago; Burns W. Beall,
New York; c.. e. Dow, New York;; Miss
Montgomery, Kansas City; John a.
Montgomery. St. Joseph; Will MontgOm-
cry, Kansas City; Ethel Owens, Kansas
City; E. y. Tyler, Chicago; w. b. Holmes,
Meadow Creek; r.. H. Weatherby, st.
Louis; G. NJ. AhrOns, j. w. Flynn, New
York; W. C. Cree, Denver; G.. H. Bradt,
Cincinnati.
The McDermOtt-B. J. Taylor, Spokane;
z. w. Beattic, Helena; w. L. Linton,
wife and son, Billings; NJ. Shovelln,
Winston, Ella Knowles Haskell, Helena;
James ]. Kelly. F.. 7. Wilson, Helena;
j. NJ. Bowman, New York; Il. NJ. McKin-
ney, Chicago; T. L. Sizer. Helena; G. w.
Garter, Geneva, o.; w. De Hagen. Che
teau: George E. D. French, Minneapolis;
Mr.. and Mrs. Stanley Ward, New York
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13

Jerry Lowney, the ~16-year-old son of
Edward j. Lowney, is once more under
the ban on a charge of incorrigibility. A
short time ago he was arrested and de-
tanned at the court house pending an in
v~estigation having as it's object his final
~relegation to the reform school, but at the
eleventh hour his mother made a plea for
his release and her opportunities prevail
ed. Since then it is alleged that he has
not improved upon his former conduct,
but on the other hand has increased the
pace at which he was travelling. Now his
father desires that the youth should be
taken in and cared for at the reform
school. The boys mother, however, is op-
posed to curbing him in this manner An
information charging the lad with incor-
rigibility has been prepared by the coun-
ty attorney.
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13

In the suit of J. H. McQueeney against
F. L.. St. Onge to decide title to a water
right in Blacktail Deer Creek, Judge
Lindsay has given the defendant judg-
ment for the costs, which amount TO
SOS. so. The suit was tried several weeks
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13

rlSlDlllty mas Deen prepared py the couil-
ty attorney.
The county attorney has filed informa-
ions against Jacob Jeinksela, charged
with having knitted Con MAXI on the 22d
of December; Barney StrasSer, accused Of
having received stolen goods knowing the
| same to have been stolen; Joseph ODon-
nell, charged with having forged the name
of Robert O'Toole to two orders on the
suite and Boston company. There are
two charges against him. Peter Breen
has been appointed by the court to defend
the prisoner. Gilbert Smith has been ap-
pointed to defend Jeniksela.
Or Saturday afternoon Judge Clancy
refused to dissolve the injunction obtain
ed by the Montana Orc Purchasing COM
pany against the Butte and Boston Min
ing company.
Sarah A. Pace is suing Walter G. Pace
for divorce. In her complaint she alleges
that Mr.. Pace and herself were united in
marriage in England on April Is, 1888;
that on October Is, 1897, the ~defendan
told her he wished she would die; that on
November l. of last year he struck her
twice with his fist. Further, she states
hat by occupation he is a stationary en-
ginecr and can earn $120 per month; that
he owns property in WallServille valued
at 81 900 and she would like to have a
share of it and permanent alimony; that
they have no children.
Mrs. Susie Carder has petitioned the
district court for the probate of the will
of her dead husband. The property con-
sists of a house and lot valued at So, 900
in the Thornton addition and Il half in
terest in the business of the Carder Wal
Paper company, which interest is also
valued at $4,000.
Mary A. Harris has been granted a de-
cree of legal separation from Joseph A
Harris on the alleged grounds of non
support. In asking Judge Lindsay fol
the decree the plaintiff stated that she
and Harris were united in marriage in
1874 ,but during the last two years he h2c
failed to provide for her. The last time
she heard of him was about six months
ago. He was then prospecting in Idaho
In the suit of j. II. McQueeney against
F. l.. St Onge to decide title to a water
right in Blacktail Deer Greek, Judge
Lindsay has given the defendant judg,
ment for the costs, which amount &c
$10S.50. The suit was tried several weeks
Daily inter mountain. [volume] (Butte, Mont.) 1881-1901, 1899-03-13

$50 sets teeth $40. DR.. Wix.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1899-04-19

most nutritious substitute for either sweet or
Irish potatoes. If boiled and then fried or
baked, it is decidedly desirable addition to
the variety upon any table. AS an article of
human food, however, it meets with chief favor
when COW erted into some form in which it's
characteristics are somewhat disguised. 1t
must be borne in mind that this is equally
true of potatoes, pumpkins, flour and many
common foods. 1t may be briefly dried by
means of the sun, evaporation, when
sliced, cut with root cutter, even a spade,
into thin slices, and then be reduced to -four
by grinding. This flour is extremely nutri-
tous, and is paatable substitute for all cereal
hours and meals, and may be used either by
itself or as an admixture with the products of
ground grains. Bread biscuit, battercakes and
all similar articles may be made from this cas-
flour in the same way that other flour
would be used.
The grated root assumes appearance
somewhat resembling cocoanut and forms a,
excellent basis for pies and buildings.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1899-04-19

packed. Crowding in will bruise the
produce, and failing to fill the pack
ages will cause the articles to jolt
about and the same result ensue. Ex-
made and see that sufficient ventila-
ton is left between the packages.
Bruised or over-ripe articles rapidly
decay, OF if ventilation is not had, the
produce becomes heated in the car and
spoils before reaching destination.
After the producer has complied
with all the requirements Of his de-
partment, he should then become we'll
posted as to the ability, integrity and
business standing of the commission
merchant to whom his goods are ship
ped. In every instance of doubt, ref
erences should be asked, and the par
ties referred to written at once, that
the reputation of the firm may be full
don't stand we'll with farmers. That
is because some OF them take undue
advantage and the farmer finds him.
self swindled. Deal only with those
merchants who have the endorsement
of the best business men of the city,
and don't be caught by advertisements
guaranteeing the highest market prfc>
es, and biggest profits. Ship always on
cOnsignments; it is the safest and best
plan. AS the season advances study
the situation. Consider your best in
terests. Remember that neatness,
cleanliness, and painstaking in the pre-
para ton and shipment of your goods
will command the highest prices in
any market to which your goods may
gO.-Atlanta Journal.