The Wichita daily eagle. [volume] (Wichita, Kan.) 1890-1906, 1899-07-02
Tn tbe Hntaretit
Some Of tie cbIHss Discovered
By TIE People HDOard TIE BeIoIea,

SSeaies ever developed from
me camera The places shown were ueve,
seen by human eyes before their discov.
Nery by the explorers VINO made the usnoto-
sr@phS- There are the penguins Of the
gee pack and the Antarctic uuffer seal.
beasts unknown even upon the extreme
end Of the South American continent.
inere IS a view OF the first ship that ever
spent winter in the Antarctic Circle
ana brought back its passengers to tell
The tale and enrich science. There also
are portraits of the tribes Of aboriginal
people who live as far south as natural
human existence is possible. They are
races that spring from the soil. of the
lowest order Of savagery.
DR.. Frederic A. Cook, Of BROOKLYN. has
brought these pictures, which he made
Wnhe he accompanied the BeIgica expedi-
uon, commanded by Lieutenant Adrian de
Geriache, Of the non-existent Belgian
navy. Like al lexplorers, he Will write
q book, and ne speaks with some reserve
OF the most interesting and personal de-
tails Of his experiences. for the obvious
reason that he must keep something to
write for his publishers. His book will
not lack for Illustrations, for he has
brought home 1000 negatives as vet undo
VeloPed, showing everyening tina. ne
thought worth turning his camera upon.
The pictures already produced are taken
from two or three dozen which were de-
velOped and printed on the Antarctic
ocean. The explorers fixing solution
was so scarce that he had to cut his
nanaF tn the ciza nd
ture 70 be printed, in order to husband
the precious contents OF his only bottle
But scientist in the polar regions has
so mucl work TO interest him and en-
ploy him. even when ice-bound in
monotonous solitude Of foe, that he has
little time to devote to printing pictures,
a task which well can wait until dry ,and
is under him. and dealers in Photographic
necessities are around the corner.
The Beiigca, stout little whaling YES
sci adapted to escape the pressure Of the
Zee b. the methods which Nansen's shin.
the Fran, proved effective is shown IN
'she position which she occupied in an Ire
foe for thirteen months. Including win
ter night some 1850 hours long. All that
time the horizon was limited by the peaks
OF the same icebergs, with now ard then
the foe drifting. now east with the win
ter winl, now west when the summer
came. The Antarctic night was almost
one lOnS-drawn-out tempest, with de-
grees Of fury ranging from fierce to in
to.erabie. The sea water, five feet under
the ice. tended to keep the temperature
warmer than it would have teen on the
Antarctic mainland Tha
that the Belgca's thermc meters took was |
% degrees below zero. In Greenland DR.. |
Cook experienced a temperature of 50 de- |
6rees below. Forty-three below does not |
seem 50 cold to one who has camped in |
winter II the Adirondack mountains. TO |
say nothjng of the temperature from the |
northwestern regions of the United STATES. |
In all the months Of imprisonment in |
the ice the explorers were busy. Through |
holes in the ice a map of the sea floor
was taken by means OF n leads. BY |
the stars and the sun the daily position
was taken. One day the wind carried
ship and ice 2 degrees of latitude nearer
home-about forty miles. Day after day
the magnetic observations were taken,
even amid the most trying conditions
or weather. The result is TO place the
south magnetic pole abiut 20O miles east
% where Sir James Ross expedition de-
ternined II, in Victoria Land. This indi-
Gates that the Norwegian explorer
BorchgTeviuk. who was the first man TO
set foot on the Antarctic continent. ana
Is now In the Antarctic looking for tIlt |
spot, viii have 20 cross q range OF noun
tains $500 feet high TO reach It. Never
before the eBlgica expedition had there
been taken accurate magnetic Observa-
tons. and the savants for years nave been
begging for South Polar expedition for
this purpose alone.
Progress on the foe about the ship was
made by snow shoes. Some OF the party
used the North Atlantic 7dntwohetUNUN
used the North American Indian pattern,
while the Norwegians and Russians in
the party preferred the Scandinavian ski.
Governor Roosevelt, by the way. y adept
with both kinds, and skis down the
hills around Oyster bay for sport.
The explorers learned to Kill penguin
ard seal for their commissariat Penguin
DR.. Cook declares as tasting like beef
steak fried In Codilver ill. The penguins
|
from those observer along the Patagonian
coast. They have mere apologies for
wings. ans their feet, as they "toddle'
along nO other word just describes the
of the penguin's gaiO. make
the huge footprints wilich Borchgrev!nk
reported as those OF some huge wild ami
NAL. The penguin lives in huge colonies.
sometimes 1900 or more in a group. II
Was just &c easy TO approach the confid-
ing creatures and knock them down with
a club.
The seals observed in the Antarctic by
ocean travellers often showed huge scars
on their fat sleek hides. as IL made by
a knife 70 rthe purpose Of identifying
them, which seemed 20 point 10 the pres
ence OF man on the mainland around the
southern pole. These so-caIed brands
and some piles Of stones that looked ike
cair-' as reported by Captain Larsen. Of
the Jason party, were the only signs OF
human pres snce in The unknown lands |
The mystery Of the seal marks was |
solved by the Belgica's explorers The
sharp edges Of the ice marked the in
cautious animals as they rise too close 10
the floating fragments. II saw 4 cake %
Ice cut gaSsh half a metre long on a |
seal said Dr. Cook. in describing II. OF
the little cairns the BelEiCa saw none. al
though they went where Larsen cid.
There are four varieties OF seals in the |
Antarctic. DIT. Cooks photograph shows
4 ''puffer." The seal swe.ls out its thrca;
with air. for all toe world Ike a pauter !
pigeon. and Il viii blow out STREAM, ~ |