davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1899-02-04
Keeping Paths Open.

One Of the most important winter
works Oh the fam is to open the paths
after each snowfall. Where the path
lies aero places that usually drift
full of show mach OF the work OF
keeping the path open may bea> oided
by removing the obstruction to the
wind which causes the drift. iIost
generally drifting snow remains
several days, so that the path will
DRIFT full every night, even though no
fresh snow has fallen. In opening
roads team OF steady, stout oyen
hi. .ched to a sleigh, or sometimes to a
stone sled, will MAKE q broad path bet
ter than horse, could do it. We have
often seen, when boy. most of the
cAtt in the reighhorhood brought
ont to follow after al OK team and
sled. By the lime those had been
dri> en- twice over the road, itw con-
sidered safe Tor sleigh vehicles drawn
by horses. 4 flock of sheep driven
alter ali else will compact the snow
best Of all. But if snow drifts into
the acks thus made, it will often be
piled nearly rs high as tie loose snow
or either side. 1t may be all right so
long as the cold weather lasts, but let
a thaw come, and this solid snow mu st
be abandoned, and a new track made
in the loose snow on one side Of what
has been used during the winter:
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1899-02-04
WINNSBORO, Sc, + E2UARY 4, 1899.
To prevent waste Of the iiqrid

To prevent waste Of the liquid
manures by teaching, spread a thick
layer of dry muck, peat or h sod
ovcr the bottom Of the bins. r4is will
act as IN absorbent. If this Is too
much trouble put in layer of coarse
grass or straw instead. Bin No. is
to receive all fresh manures, night
Slips from the hoase, asHes. droppings
from poultry houses aud pi5 pc Is, Gil
shoes, bones and trash Of all kinds.
Make bin No. a general dumping
ground for everything !at can possibly
Ue utilized, such rs dish water aad
wash water, unless you have hogs and
prefer to give this last to them. See
tha. the stable manure and rubbish
are tho oaghly MIXED il bin No. ].
BY thus iacorr Grating all the trash
with the stable manure You prevent
its heating too rapidly, or burning.
Sprinkle lime, or better, snlphate Of
potash over all. This will Eas:eu de-
composition. Keep all the BINS that
cont in anything covered vi b straw,
earth or coarse grass to prevent tie
ammonia escaping.
Fork over contents of bin No. l q
little every three or four days to
thoroughly mix coarse with fine AMI
in three or four days after bin No. |
is full fork it all over into bin No. ,,
then proceed to till bin No. again.
When bin No. is full this time,
empty bin No. 2 into bin No. ?, aud
repeat the process with bin No. J.
Eve"y llant taat grows il garden or
field has taste for food peculiar to
i.seIf. The old shoes, bones and
even the dead cat thrown into bin
No. ! and mixed With the other COM
post will find its way iato the lite
:ootlets of some plant.
While thi, method does not make a
complete fertilizer for any special
planr, it makes most excellent gen.
e1aI fertilizer. We are much too apt
o tnilk Of worn OUT a, ticlcs as deal
or worthless matte" An article serves
az long and we'll as it can in one form
a1d then dis ntegrates only to allow
he individual partic es to come to-
gether in some new and often higher
lOr.n.-C. NJ. Drake in New England
Homestead.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1899-02-04
Utilizing Farm Manures.

It is generally understood that all
fertiliziug elements must dissolve be-
fore they become plant food. Hence
the more thoroughly decoEaposed they
become in the compost heap, the more
quickly rains and dews will dissolve
them after they are applied to the
soil. My plan Of caring for farm
manures is TO make three bins by
placing costs eight feet apart and sid
ing up with boards. The size Of these
bias Will he determined by the amount
O. waste to be converted into fertilizer.
Board up the first and second bins
three feet nigh. The third bin I make
large: than the others, as it must nod
the entire output Of compost until it is
li=triauted.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1899-02-04


The prime cause Of mottles is the
use of 200 coil water in washing the
batter and the manner in which it is
introduced into the churn. By using
too coll water the outside Of the but
ter eraaules becomes crusted or hard
ened ike, the she'll Of an egg, while
the inside is soft. Now, when this
mass is worked together these little
shells remain in the same condition,
aad no amount of working or temper
lug sat, or even dist: ibution of salt
whe3 added, will change the condi-
tions. They do not work ur, conse-
ouentlv do not take salt, hence the
fine. tllreadlike streaks IN the butter.
The manner in which the water is
introduced into the churn is respon-
siDle for the large notifies or seeming
lumps of white butter throug ghout The
1Has<. In the majority OF eamerics
throu yiioat he country the water is
prm} ed directly into he churn: either
through hose or pipe. Now, when
the water strikes the butter these
g:aua!es become hard and solid as in
the first case, only that thee hard
granu es are not broken down at all,
and the large notifies are the result.
Tie wash water sh~uld be tempered
to within two or three degrees Of the
churn temperature.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1899-02-04
Manurin- Fruit Trees ia Winter.

HIanures applied to trees when their
buds are dormant, as III winter, are
sure to largely increase wood growth
the following year, especially on young,
vigorous trees. Even wien examina-
tion OF the buds shows thai the tr~e
will bos som freely next spring, it is not
safe t. apply low much r!eh manure.
as it will make so much zap that the
blosscm m will he drowned cut and not
set its f",lir. This is oft@R the reason
why fruit fails to set where there are
plenty OF blossoms. Oniz old tree ;
can be thus manured with certain y
that the manure will help the fruit
WELD. And even whe naruring old
tre s, rotash aad phospha. i'll avail :
able form are b tie: than Stable mau-
ure or Other fertilizers rich in nitro
gen.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1899-02-04
E.ifers Goin- Dry TOO Lon-.

If there is any ca eIesSaess in milk
ing it IS apt t. oc :ur when heiters are
mi ket . ter their first calf. The
teats are small, and tits slow, hard
work to draw the last drops from the
uIder, as shoald always be done
Besides, tie heller tha5 calved last
spring probably gives pnly a sma |
mes 1T the best, and the:e' is grea
temptation to dry her OF, as the mill;
she gi4es scarcely pays 5the troable o;
mil ing. But that is got the main
point. Keeping the heller ZIP to her
usual flow Of milk is all!n npo:tant for
he: owu fut9:e value :.s Z COW. When
4 heller is allowed to go dry two,
three or four N onths, tie cow is after
wards extremely liable 80 stop further
milk production at abvut the same
time, .
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1899-02-04
QUAINT AND CURIOUS.

Baby carriages propelled by cleo
tlicity are in use in Paris, France.
Horses in the Philippines area cnri-
osirw The few that are raised in tue
islands are too snail to brand.
There is H-zesary in the British
museum made cfthe veTtebr:e of a
snakes backbone. Aaether is com
posed cf rats teeth.
The Dutch fishermen kill the fish
caught as soon as they reach the shore,
while the French fisher nen leave their
booty to die Of sufocation.
In England the year formerly began
with the 25th of March. It was not
until 1852 that the first of january
was made the beginning of the fegas
year.
The Clarendon Street Baptist church
of Boston has q Chinese Sunday
school whose average attendanceis is 2U3.
This school supports two uati,e mis-
slonaries in China.
Untamel camels are not the docilo
creatures they are taught to beco ne
after months Of breaking. In the wild
state they are extremely vi ious, aad
can kick harder, higher, swifter AMI
oftener than mule, and sometimes
seem to use all four feet at once.
Mrs. Ann Smith of We" "cester, Eng.
land, 10 years Of age, has spent over
hundred years OF her life IL trav-
cling from fair to f4ir in van. She
has hal sixteen children, and one Of
her daughters, now 80 years OF aga
has also had sixteen. Mrs. Smith
eats four meals a day, drinks sparingiy
of intoxicants, smokes clay Pipe.
steadily, and attends to all her house,
hold duties herself.
j, Begun, twenty-five years ago, tho
British Museum catalogue of biraa
has just been completed, iu tyeat7-.
seven; large volumes. It attempts to
give a list of every kiad of bird known,
at the time OF publication, and ds.
scribes 11,el4 species, belonging to
2255 genera and 124 families; 40a, 600.
specimens, $50, 600 Of which are in the
British Museum collection, are re...
ferred to in the work. - l'-.sa! ~!
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1899-02-04
zAAAAA.A .AAAEAAAA:sN q
~
2EQR FARM And GARDnNk
D!,estorS for Pig Foc;l.
7SYVv.VvvvvVyvV

An agricultural paper suggests the
following as aids to digestion for the
pig zen:
i'irst: 4 mixture Of six pounds Of
salt to bushel OF wood ashes.
Second: To six bushels q charcoal
broken fine add six pounds Of salt,
one bushel wheat shorts aud IA
pounds OF copperas dissolved in g
pail CT water.
Third: One jushel of ".ood ashes,
four ponds of charcoal, sly pounds os
salt aad IA pounds OF capperas dis
solved in 4 pail of water.
One or the other Of theSq should be
kept N IN oren bcx-bs5 protected
from he weather in eye,y pig pen
au;i where the animals M: help them
selves. >.-Ncw York Weekly Witness.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1899-02-04
TRI WEEKLY EDITION
q DgDgDDgDgDDgDQDgDQ1g 10000
0DAN JUDSON'S RIDE. g -
0seD1' : oDo0-- D
By EDWARD JOHN HART. MA
@ CD PRISINGS were in
BY EDWARD JOHN HART.

Z h1SlNO0 were IL
the air and Sails
bury, the capital
of Mashonaland,
was in a state bor-
dering OF panic,
in the month OF
June, 1895. The
n q shonas b d
risen to aid their
former oppres-
sors, the Mata-
;;e:e, and from the
18th to the 18th
OF June, and
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1899-02-04

An ''ice-creeper, for wearing on
the shoes in S ippery streets, has been
inve ltel by Missouri iadv. It has
small St, el teeth to ie ce the ice es
the weare. walks and can be applied
20 the sole in 10 seconds.
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1899-02-04

The elephant beetle-of Venezuela is
The biggest Of its species. An average
specimen OF this insect, when full
grown. weighs half pound
The news and herald. (Winnsboro, S.C.) 1877-1900, 1899-02-04

The largest suspension bridge cress es
East river,iu Great + New J otkJ I+Fisss;;
$685. feet long and Is! longee "a ~
1895 feet. 80 81
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1899-11-08

the large amount of insects procurable.
The inference, then, is that if you want
richly favored eggs you must take care
that your fowls have a. fair supply Of
sound, sweet flesh, for be it remember
ed that the bulk of animal food pro-
cured in the shape of insects is actual
ly eaten alive, and so are perfectly
sweet. That the flavor of eggs can be
sensibly affected by the food they eat
is proved by the fact that eggs laid by
fowls and ducks that have access to
fish, lay eggs having a strongly ishy
taste. We have no wish or intention
of writing anything to injure the re-
pute of the Langshan fowls or any
other laying dark shelled eggs, as we
shelled eggs, and we are yet in doubt
as to whether an analysis can seize
upon the most valuable property of a
fresh egg-viZ., it's flavor. Whilst we,
therefore, are prepared to adopt the ac-
curacy of the chemists deductions as
to the actual feeding values of the
different eggs, we are still inclined to
the opinion that small, dark shelled
eggs are of richer flavor than the
large, white shelled ones, but we also
believe that food has the most import
ant part to play, and for the reason
that the eggs of hens too freely fed on
potatoes are liable to be very much
lacking in richness of flavor. The
plain lesson from these remarks
(Which remarks are based on facts us
that if you wish to have richly favored
eggs, you must feed rich and varied
food, a fair amount of which shall be
sweet, animal food.-Scottish Farmer.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1899-11-08
Testing Eggs.

To make a good egg tester take a
common soap or candle box, and cut
an oval-shaped hole about the size of
an egg, on one side of the box, and on
the other side of the box, opposite to
the oval-shaped hole, cut small round
hole just large enough to look through,
or about one-inch in diameter. Your
box now is entirely closed-top, sides
and ends-but with hole on each side.
Now knock out one end of the box, so
that you can put your arm inside of
it. Get a good lamp, place it two
inches from your oval-shaped hole, on
the outside of the box. Take an egg
between your thumb and forefinger,
the large end of the egg being up
wards, and place it against the oval
shaped hole, on the inside of the box.
Your egg will then be inside of the box
and the lamp on the outside. Now look
through the small hole, and you can
see the inside of the egg. A small
piece of cloth pasted over the oval
shaped hole and then cut Oval-shaped
also, will exclude all light that may en-
ter around the edges of the egg. The
very clear eggs are infertile and will
not hatch. The eggs that appear dark
inside contain chicks. They may be
tested at the end of every week until
they are hatched.-Ex.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1899-11-08
Small Flock System.

The poultryman who keeps a small
flock of poultry in village yard is
very apt to think that he could do
much better if he was on a farm where
he could have larger buildings and not
be obliged to confne his fowls in
yards.
We have tried both ways, and we
think now that if we had a farm as
large as the State of Rhode Island,
every hen and chicken should be en-
closed in yard with wire fence
around it, so that they could not get
out, or dogs and foxes could not get in
And the yard should not be so large
that we could not easily look over it
every day to see that there were no
sick hens, and that none were laying
outside of the house. We might have
two yards for each flock if we had
space for them, and if we had no other
business to attend to we might have
several fiocks, but they should be kept
separate every day in the year.
Nor should we want more than % or
80 hens or chickens in one flock, which
would not require very large house
or large yard. We know that this
would make a larger outlay necessary
for the same number, but we believe
extra profits would repay that, and it
would have the advantage that if roup
or other diseases began in one flock it
would not spread to others, as it Goes
where there are several fiocks in one
long house.
Another advantage of the small
house and small flock system is that
one may begin in small way and in
crease each year, as his income from
them would warrant and mis- expert
ence demonstrated his ability 10 han,
die a larger number.
This is the way most Of our success
full raisers of poultry have begun and
grown up, while we have known some
to begin on large scale and come out
very small-Fanciers Review and
Fruit Grower
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1899-11-08
Dark or White Shelled Eggs.

1t has long been a pet theory ON the
part Of those who happen to be the
breeders and owners of birds produc
ing dark snelled eggs that such eggs
are richer and better in every sense
than eggs having white shells. A set
of experiments has recently been car
ried out by a thoroughly scientific
analytical chemist to test the truth of
this theory, and it turns out that if
there is any natural difference the ad-
vantage rests with white shelled eggs
so away goes one strong reason for
keeping Langshan fowls. These fowls
lay the deepest tinted eggs Of any
fowls in existence. If they do lay
richer egg than any other fowl it must
spring from another cause, and that is
concentration, as they lay the smallest
eggs of all the large breeds of fowls.
1t is quite conceivable that it is pos
sible that the smaller class of eggs laid
by the larger fowls may be richer, but
we have long held the opinion that the
principal factor in giving the richness
and pleasantness of eggs, is the food
they eat, and from our own observa-
ton the very best favored eggs are
produced by fowls having a free run
on heathery hillsides, and no doubt the
richness of the flavor is derived from
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1899-11-08

food they get does not contain the
proper elements for egg making, and
as has been limited a hen cannot make
bricks without straw. Food contain
ing the necessary elements must be
supplied if we are to have full egg
baskets.
1t is for this reason that the feeding
Of green cut bones has become so popu-
lar among money-making poultry men
and women. Green cut bone supplies
this needed element as does no other
food, and at a less expense than grain
can be fed. 1t keeps the fowls
healthy, it makes eggs, and is in short,
an indispensable food. No person who
keeps fowls, be they few or many, can
afford to be without a green bone cut
ter
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1899-11-08

real eggs be not used for that pur-
pose. All eggs that are to be sold
should be gathered while fresh, and
kept so until they are sold or used. If
eggs were gathered frequently and not
permitted to remain in the nests long,
there would be fewer instances Of
hens eating eggs.-Iowa Homestead.
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1899-11-08
Winter Eggs.

We are often prone to lay to ''the
perversity of nature" things largely
our own fault, says L. A. Worthington,
in Farm, Field and Fireside. We Of
ten complain of bad luck, Or calmly
accept it without complaining, feeling
when the truth is, that if we looked
about us little, we might very easily
remedy that which troubles u.s. 1t Of
ten seems to be hard provision of
nature that our hens should lay plenti-
fully in the summer when eggs bring
10 cents a dozen, and go back on us
completely in the winter when eggs
are worth from 25 to so cents a dozen.
But the truth is that it is the fault of
neither nature nor the hens. The
whole trouble is that we do not get
our hens into the proper condition to
lay eggs. We are not fair to the hens.
When we send a man to do a piece
of work we are usually careful to Sc
lect a man who is in a working cOndi-
ton, and not a man who ought to be
in the hospital But somehow or 9th
er we never seem to think about that
with our hens. Anything that wears
feathers and goes on two legs seems
enough to us to lay eggs, no matter
what it's condition. Here is where we
make mistake No. /.
Then when we send a man to do a
piece of work we are apt to see that
he has the tools to work with. We are
not like PharOah in demanding bricks
without straw. But how about our
hens? Do we not demand eggs with
out proper food? We do that very
thing over and over again.
If there is one fact established in
Henology it is that the fondness of
fowls for bugs and worms is not an
unnatural TASTE The animal matter
thus secured supplies most import
ant element in the fowls food. And
it is largely because the hens cannot
procure this food in winter that they
cease to lay eggs.
Another reason for few eggs in Win
ter is that the hens are not only not in
the best physical condition, but the
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1899-11-08
THE DEACON AND THE PRAYER.

THE DEACON AND THE PRAYER.
81 didn't like your prayer very much
this morning. said a fault finding dea-
con to his minister.
What was wrong with it?''
''Well, in the first place, it was too
long and then l thought it contained
two or three expressions that were I'M
warranted"
81 am very sorry it meets with your
deacon" the good man re-
sponded, "but you must bear in mind
that the prayer was not addressed to
yOu.''-Ohio State Journal
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1899-11-08
Nest Eggs.


This is one of the questions, that,
like moon farming, has a divided fol-
lowing From earliest childhood we
were taught that a nest egg was as es-
sential for the production of eggs as a
nest. We have not believed the nest
egg necessary since we grew to man.
hood, and for over thirty years we
have not practiced keeping nest egg
in the nest. There are so many things
against the practice and but few in it's
favor. There are some breeds Of
chickens which do not like to have
all the eggs removed from their nests,
such as Bantams and a few other
breeds, and keeping nest eggs in their
nests is supposed to keep them doing
business at the old stand.
An egg is as perishable as butter
and if it is left in the nest any length
of time it's value for culinary use is
Deprecated 1t may be we'll enough to
sell, as some look at it, but no power
on earth can make it as good for cult
nary use as it was when it was fresh
laid
If nest eggs have to be kept, the
porcelain eggs will answer every pur-
pose and they will not spoil nor break
to teach the hens to eat eggs. Med1-
Gated nest eggs are Of doubtful value
as there is feeling of doubt as to the
medicine employed, and usually they
smack of no chicks from nests where
they have been used. If it is really
necessary to use nest eggs why not
use several of them at one time in a
single nest?
that hens nave a favOrite nest and
they will return to it to lay, nest egg
or no nest egg, and when they become
broody they seem to want to sit on the
hay or anything the nest contains,
eggs or no eggs. And we do not lose
sight of the fact that a nestful of eggs
is always inviting to a hen. She will
enjoy adding another to the store and
will leave the nest with her congratu-
lations expressed in an audible man
ner
We would suggest, therefore, that if
nest eggs have to be employed that
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1899-11-08
The Youths
Advocate,
Nashville, Tenn.

in almost any other Bus. College or Literary
School for small club of subscribers.
The Youths Advocate is a 16-page journal, read
with interest and profit by people of all ages.
Non-denominationa1. Est'd 1890 Stories and
one of the several departments is worth its sub
scription price. It is practical educator as well
as high toned literary, paper Endorsed by
State officials, teachers and others. Agents want
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1899-11-08
POULTRY DEPARTMENT.

Address all con munications to Poultry De-
partment, Box 200. DeLand. Fla
The Florida agriculturist. [volume] (DeLand, Fla.) 1878-1911, 1899-11-08
OFFERS FREEk
$40 In Cold, Bicycle,
Sold Watch. Diamond

Ring, or a Scholarship
in Draughon's Bus.
College, Nashville.
Tenn, Galveston or
TeXarkana. Texas. or
Scranton Wochenblatt. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1865-1918, 1899-09-28
Gin trahrer Mpman.

Srau Marp8roOis. bic srfts is im8u&t.
baus ;u Sadion einssIisfsrts Srau, Bat
fi& nit o. 8. Stuart perbeiraibet, ber
in ibrsm 9sOasB aIs SauptaniIdssr sr.
i&ienen mar unb ouf osHsn 8susniB
bauptid1Iih ibre Berurtbeilung srfoIgte.
SIM Ndt3 1876 farb Der ipobIbabsnbs
Sermsr 8roois pl6bIi& untsr psrbd&tissn
llmfdnbsn uno am nd&tsn Gage tpurbs
feline Srau auf 8eranlafuns Stuarts
ais peroddtis in Saft ssnommen. Naf
iursem Iroseb fdon srfoIsts SHulbis.
ipredune. inbem bic 8snsisaufnabms
baribat. baB fe ibren @atten burG
8eimii&sn bon Arisnif in bic Spsiien
pereiftet bate. Stuart bat nun, na1.
benz bic Srau 90 Sabre i'm 8udtbaus
seieiisn, cine 8etitipn UNI Bsenabisuns
aufseisbt. ibr ieinen Namsn ais eriten an
bic Spite sefsai uno osr espraftsn Srau
nidt aasin bic 5reibeit ueri@ufft, ionoern
iie aud nod aebeiratbet.