Condon globe. (Condon, Gilliam Co., Or.) 189?-1919, 1899-06-08
FACTS ABOUT
THE PHILIPPINES.
Go HE Philippines are essentially

| (IFO HIN PntupplneS are essentially
| Heterogeneous. Someof the islands
are mountainous, and others are
nat; some are muddy. syampy, and
feyerish, others are porous limestone,
well-drained and healthy; some are en-.
tirely wooded. some are entirely bare,
The Inhabitants present like diverg-
ence. The Moros of the south are war.
like, active, intelligent, with civiliza-
ton as advanced as Turkeys. The
Negritos are a diseased and dying pig
my tribe. absolutely animal In their ex.
istence, less advanced than any known
people. The term 'Filipino" embraces
Manila rabble and secluded islanders,
mountaineers and seamen, priests and
the cannibals. 1t is necessary, there
fore. to use only the broadest terms In
describing the group collectively.
The archipelago is group Of 1900
islands situated In the Pacific Ocean.
extending from latitude 21 degrees
north to 4 degrees 45 minutes north.
Its length is thus about 1000 miles; its
greatest width Is GAO miles: the total
land area, approximately, 115.o00 square
miles. The nearest mainland Is Asia,
300 miles to the northeast San Fran
cisco is 5000 miles to the west. The
archipelago lies wholly within the line
OF Capricorn and the equator. Its
characteristics, food products. and peo-
pie are tropical.
The climate is hot and moist; regu-
lar observations have been taken only
at Manila, where the temperature has
been found to vary between GO and 100
degrees. The excessive humidity
makes this degree more difficult to en-
dure than In the temperate zones. As
one progresses toward the swampy,
low-lying islands farther south the
heat and especially the humidity, In
creases greatly.
There are two seasons, the wet and
dry-the former lasting from June to
November-being the most disagree
able and dangerous to health. Fever
and dysentery are the diseases most
dreaded by foreigners, but dangerous
localities are known and may be
avoided.
The Philippines are the seat Of M
lures passions. Earthquakes are COM
mon and violent; the volcanoes are the
most dangerous In the world. Luzon
Is the cradle Of that terrible sea storm.
the typhoon.
islands External History.
On Aug. 10, 1919, there started from
Spain with fleet of five ships Fer
nando Magellan. a Portuguese navi-
gator. His object was to discover a
passage from Europe, west to the Pa
cific. Magellan had vainly endeay.
ored to interest the King Of Portugal in
his project; had become naturalized
Spaniard, and had obtained from
Charles l., of Spain the wherewithal to
equip his feet.
He reached the western coast of
South America In December and
turned south. As the season became
harsher and the weather colder the
ships commanders mutined, desiring
TO winter on shore. One was executed,
another marooned. However, one ship
did desert and another was wrecked.
With three ships the great explorer con-
tinued south, and on Oct. %, 1920.
passed through the Straits of Magel-
Ian to the waters of the Pacific. He
now shaped his course west by north.
and In midsummer, 1921, reached Min
danao, of which he took possession in
the name of the King Of Spain. He
next landed at Cebu, In August, 1921,
and was welcomed by the king of the
island. This monarch was baptized
and took the oath of allegiance to
Spain. Shortly after Magellan be-
came involved in a factional quarrel
between two native chieftains and was
killed. Many members of the expedi-
ton had died, but the remainder, with
two ships, again sailed west and dis
Palawan. Later one of the |
two was lost, but the other pluckiIy |
continued its way and made the first |
complete journey around the world.
In 1865, under the direction of Philip
H., the second Spanish expedition
reached the islands. The object was
the saving OF native souls; inquisition |
methods were employed, and conyer-
sions, though not valuable, were nu-
merous. In 1871 Manila was seized |
and proclaimed the capital Of the
Islands, to be called henceforth the |
Islas Filipinos, In honor of King Philip.
The Chinese Emperor resented the |
Intrusion into celestial domains. Be
tween 1873 and 1875 he sent forth ten |
expeditions to GUST, the Spaniards.
Severe battles followed, but the Euro
peans managed to keep their foothoId. |
They never, however. forgave the Chi
1ese these attempts. At various times |
dts Of resentment against Chinese
blood would sweep over the Spaniards
md crusades were organized in order
% kill or drive them out In 1908 23.-
700 were murdered, and In 1890 $4,000.
In 1852 England took Manila from
Spain. but peace was soon proclaimed,
ind the islands were returned.
The natives have been apt to revolt
It any time. When they did 80 Spain
lsed fire and sword literally, not only
o subdue, but to punish after surren-
Ter.
Resources OF the Islands.
The resources OF the islands are
varied. Rice was introduced from
china centuries ago. It has since be-
'ome the staple food of the natives on
LccOunt of the ease with which It Is