davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
Liuuid MaulIre;.

Perhaps the best method to liuuefy
the solid manureS and preserve the
liquid would be to construct spared
floor in the rear of the cows, the open
ing in the floor being large enough to
admit the solid drippings. No bedding
should be used, or at most nothing but
n little sawdust. 4 large cistern or
tank should be constructed outside of
the building. the whole mass of ma
nure scraped or shoveled into it, and
then the cutters under the spared
floor should be rinsed out with water
and swept with broom After this
is done, the spared false floor Is put
back in place. In order to make the
solid manure sufficiently liquid to
pump out and distribute it, it will be
necessary to add considerable water to
the mass, and to have some means Of
stirring it mp thoroughly before and at
the time that it Is pumped into the
distributing tank.
Hon. John Joseph Mechi of Kelve-
don, Essex, England, had wooden
spared floor over an area of 900 square
feet and In this stall he turned in lot
of steers and fed them from troughs
placed on the border of the stable.
This manure was liquefied by adding
water: just how much we cannot say
was forced into distributing pipes in
several fields, and all of the manure
was distributed through these tanks
and the field hydrants. So FAR as we
can learn, this method was extremely
expensive, and as far as we know,
every effort made In the United States
to llquefy solid manure and distribute
1t as proposed has been abandoned af.
ter few years of trial. Therefore the
concensus Of opinion would be that it
is not profitable to liQuefy solid ma
nures.
1t would be far more economical to
distribute by carts than by a perman-
ent underground system of pipes. The
power necessary to force this material
through the pipes with sufficient force
TO spray the fields and the danger from
cloggiDg makes the pipe system i'm
practicable.
Liquid manureS are best applied in
the spring and after each moving. 1t
would not be economy to apply them
in the fall or winter.
IT is impossible to state even approxi-
mately the cost of collecting this ma
terial in n cistern and then distributing
it by means of sprinkling cart
Country Gentleman.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
Overlooking.

Don't overfeed. Calves are very
greedy at feeding time and there is
often a great temptation to give more
milk than the calves can properly han
die, thus causing them to scour. Over
feeding Is undoubtedly the main rea-
son why so many farmers are unable
to raise good thrifty calves on skim
milk. At the college we find that
calves from three to four months old
will not stand more than l8 to 20
pounds daily per head; from seven to
eight weeks old, IA to 16 pounds, and
from three to five weeks, 10 to ~
pounds. Zone quart equals two
pounds.)
Kaffir corn meal is proving an excel.
lent food for young calves at the Agri-
cultural College 1t Is constipating
and aids materially in keping calves
from securing. They commence to eat
the meal when ten days to two weeks
old.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17

speed. A weight should be fastened
to one of the fans to balance the
weight to some extent of the plunger
of the pump; how heavy it should be
can best be determined by trial. Mine
is about 1 pound; the well being about
26 feet deep does not take much power
to lift the water.
The wheel has eight fans. Many
make them with but four, but eight
are better, as it runs steadier in any
wind whether heavy or light. The box
is made just large enough for the
wheel to turn nicely. If made too
large, 1t does not work so well. Set
four 2X4 pine scantlings in the ground
to nail the boards to with one OH each
side of the wheel on top for the axle to
rest on. The box for the axle to turn
In is cut into the 2x4 another piece
is held in place over the journal by
wood screws to hold it down. This
has run since '94 and has worn but lit
tie In that time. The wheel is never
kept from running whether coupled to
the pump or not, as to lock it when
not wanted for raising would be more
apt to break the wheel than to let it
rum. l.. Brown, Neb.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
Legal Notice.

George Pearson, residing in Watson in the
State OF West Virginia, will take notice that
on the 7th, day of June, 1899. John Nash filed
Hooking County, Ohio, in case No. 3l2l,
against him. praying for n personal judgment
against the said George Pearson in the sum
November 7th, 1897. and for foreclosure of
mortgage on certain real estate described in
said petition, being a part of Lot No. 92 in
Company's Addition to the Village of Murray
City, Hooking County, Ohio, and the sale OF
said mortgaged premises.
Said George Pearson will take further
notice that he Is required to answer in said
cause on or before the 10th, day of
September, 1899, or judgment may be taken
against him.
JOHN NASH
By Wright & Petit
July 20, CIV. his Attys
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
Influence OF shade.

Experiments to find the influence of
shade upon garden crops showed that
shade, retarded termination of the first
crop Of lima beans. but not of the mid
summer planting. All root crops as
turnips, carrots and potatoes, had
larger leaf surface in shade, but small
er roots. Shade improved salad crops
and noticeaDly SO celery. With seed or
fruit producing plants, as beans, peas,
tggplapts, tomatoes, cucumbers, the
lime Of blooming was retarded and the
period OF fruitfulness prolonged. The
foliage Ii a deeper green In the shade
snd tendency to increase the size Of
he blade of the leaf.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
To rid plants Of black or stink bugs,

To rid plants Of black or stink bugs,
triped squash and melon beetles, dis.
1--we thoroughly ~ OF. saltpeter in |
!. soft water. Make trench 2 or 8
deep around each hill. sloping to.
nd the bill from all sides, firm the
ttom and pour pit. of the liquid into
each week. 1t Is sure death to bugs
and is vine fertilizer. The bugs
crawl into the ground near the roots
Of the plant. but fail to rise again.-.G
A. Randall, Shiawsssee Co.. Mich.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
Democratic State Convention.
The Democratic State Convention of Ohio
will be held in the city ofZGnesvilie, Ohio, on
August 20 and 30, 1899.

for the purpose of nominating candidates for
the following state offices:
Governor, lieutenant governor, Judge of
supreme court, member of the toaid of pub
lie works, state treasurer, attorney general
and state auditor.
TIE basis of representation for delegates
and alternates TO this convention shall be
one delegate for each 800 votes or fraction
over $50 votes cast for Hon. Horace l.. Chap
man for governor in 1897 All electors who
voted for II GRACE H. Chapman for governor,
and all other electors who are now In accord
with the Democratic national platform
adopted in 1895, are entitled toe vo'e In the
election of delegates to this convention.
All delegates and alternates to this con-
vention elected after June 49, 1899. shall be
chosen in one or the other of the following
ways; Either by direct vote of the people
at Il general primary or In n delegate conven-
ton or by mass county convention held In
the county.
No mass delegations to be admitted, and no
delegates or alternates appointed by any
committee shall be admitted to the conven-
ton, except where county central or eX-
ecutive committee has passed n resolution
for such appointment prior to June 10, 1899.
The counties shall be entitled to the follow
inc N I'M bpr a 1pInpo as md .,Itprnntps.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
Breeding sows.

When you select your breeding sows
see that they are well developed, good
feeders and thrive well on their food.
This indicates a good constitution and
good digestion, excellent qualities to
be transmitted to their offspring.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
Notice to Contractors.

The Board of Education of GibisOnville
Special School District will let n contract for
the building of a School House In said dis
trict on Aug. 8rd, 1899 The bids must be
that If the bids be accepted a contract VIII be
entered into and the performance of IL prop
erly secured. Riders will apply to the clerk
for plans, specifications and other informa-
ticn.
JOHN ROBINSON, Pres,
July @, 5-w. j. Il. MILLER, Clerk
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
. A PORTABLE GARDEN FENCE.

"A PORTABLE GARDEN FENCE.
"a point that is not true of many of
the styles Of portable fences 1t has
the advantage also of being put to-
gether anu taken apart in a moments
time. The construction is plainly
shown in the drawing.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
To Cure a Kicking Horse.

Tie foreleg by rope to the hind leg
ON the other side. BY kicking, the front
leg is jerked off the ground and the
animal goes down in heap. Two or
three doses are enc ugh.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
Application For Pardon.

Notice is hereby given that al the next
meeting of Ohio state Board OF ParIons an
application will be made for the Pardon of
ISAAC BRINE. convicted nj the January
Term, 1893 of the Court OF Common Pleas of
Hooking County, OF the crime o Rape and
sentenced 10 imprisonment in the Ohio
Penitentiary for the period of life.
Aug. 3, 3-w. ISAAC RRINE,
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
Probate Notice.

Notice is hereby given that the following
Accounts and Vouchers have been filed in the
Probate Court of Hooking County, Ohio, for
Final settlement Margaret s. Evans guardian
of Catharne A. Evans and the same will
come on for hearing on the 10th day OF August
1899 at 10 o'clock, A. NJ. or as soon thereafter
as may be convenient.
j. b. RIASON,
Aug. 3, 3-w. Probate Judge.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17

The cut shows one of the most sensi
BILE portable fences that can be devised.
Every other panel is rigid both as re-
CARDS sidewise and end to end motion.
This makes the whole fence very firm
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
A CHEAP WINDMILL
Made of Coffee Boxes and Gas Pipe
Should Have Eight Fans.

On this mill the fans are made of
coffee boxes and 2la feet wide, the
wheel being . feet in diameter. Holes
are punched In tue gas pipe axle to
fasten the arms to. The crank Is of 2
by 4 pine fastened to the axle by a
" bolt The wrist-pin that works the
pitman is 1a-inch wood screw 3
inches long screwed into the crank.
The lever that works the pump Is
probably I feet long and is n > by 4
pine. The fulcrum III all cases should
be one-quarter the length of the lever;
then IL will not break the pump nor
the mill when struck by sudden gusts
of wind or when running at high
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17

The county central committee of each
cou ty of the state where delegates are yet to
be elected shall reaflirm this call and publish
its own call in accordance Herewith at least
ten day before said primary convention is
guage and of general circulation in the
county.
WILLIAM S THOMAS,
Chairman Democratic State Central Com
HARRY w. WILSON Secretary.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
CHURCHES.

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH Corner Of
Hunter and Market streets Rev. Harley
Steward, d. D., pastor. Preaching services at
l0:30 a m. and 700 p. m. Sabbath School at
300 q. m. JuMior G. e. at 2:30 p. m. and C.E.
at 600 p. m. Prayer Meeting Wednesday
evening at o'clock,
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
Notice of Appointment.

Estate of Malakiah V. McBroom deceased.
The undersigned has been appointed and
Malakiah V. McBroom late of Hooking
County, deceased. Dated this 22nd day of
July A. ID. 1899.
g. V. McRROOM,
July r. 3-w. administrators.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
Logan School Examiners meetInws.

The Board OF Sch ool Examiners of Logan
Village will hold regular meetings for the
Examination OF applicants for Teachers
June and September in the High School
room, In the School Building OF said village
Examinations begin at $3.50 A. M. lstantard
of each day, -
by Order of Board ofEx.
0.W H. Wright Pres
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17

CATHOLIC, st. JOHN'S.-North Market
street corner North. Rev. T. A. Powers,
pastor. Sunday services, low mass a. M,
high mass 1000 a. m. Catechism p. m.
Vespers and benediction 1880 p. m. Week
day services, low mass $500 a. m
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
TEACHERS.

The School Examiners of Hooking County
Ohio. will meet at the Union School building
Logan. Ohio on the first Saturday OF Sept
tember.' October, November, and December
1893, first Saturday of March, first and third
Saturdays Of April and May and first satur.
day of June 1889. examinations beginning at
8 O'Clock A. M. Testimonials required Of
aminations will be held first Saturday
April and lay 1890.
A. NJ RRowN, Pres.
A. l. O'NEIL. Sec,y
HENRY B. SCHAAL.
Sept. l, 18--lyr.l Examiners.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.
East Hunter street. N, w. Good past
or. Public worship at 10 a. m. and p. m.
Sunday School 2 p. m. Junior League PIN.
Epworth League p. m. Class meetings a.
m. Prayer meeting Wednesday p. IN.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17

@. A. r., j. X Rochester Post No. s2e
VIM. Montgomery, Com, B. G. McManigal,
Adjntant Meets every Friday night at @.
A. X. Hail, Centennial Block.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
OHIO DIVISION.
ATHENS TIME TABLE.

EAST BOUND.
No. IA, Local between Chillicothe
and Parkersburg, Sunday y..... 1855 q. m.
No. ~, Fast Mail, st. Louis and
New York, "Daily".... .a.... l:l2p. m.
No. 4, Fast Mail, st. Louis and New
York, Daily; ......... ,...:.. 5:Oep. m.
York, DAILY. "................... ll:35 p. m.
No. 72, Local between Athens and
Parkersburg, Sunday. .......... 3:25p. m.
WEST BOUND.
No. l. Fast NJ all. New York and st.
Louis, "Daily". 80. ...... .... 3:l8a. m.
No. 3, Fast Mail, New York and St.
Louis, daily" ........ ..... l2:23p. m,
No. Is. Local between Parkersburg
and Chillicothe, Sunday. =. 4:O0p. m.
No. 6, Limited Express, New York
and st. Louis, "Daiiy".. .... p:37p d. m,
No. 73, Local between ParkeTsburg
and Chillicothe, Sund 49,. l0:I5a. m.
*Daily
For information regarding rates,
connections, sleeping and Parl0r
cars call on or address
w. r. MOORE,
Ticket Agent.
Athens, Ohio.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
G.. w. DOLLISON.

PHI And SURGEON
Office in Dollison Block, Second
door East of Court House, Logan
Ohio. Residence, West Main Street
near street leadingto depot. Tele-
phone No. 6.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17

EASTERN STAR, Venus No 76 Meets
second and fourth Thursdays OF each month
In Masonic hall A. w. Mauk, Patron; Miss
Secretary.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17

COURT OF HONOR, No-Meets in G, A.
Il. Hall second and fourth Thursday evenings
OF each month. John f. White, Chancellor;
II, M. Mckay, Recorder.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17

HOOKING VALLEY LODGE, No. 2J2.-
Meets every Tuesday evening at l. o. o. +.
hall James Campbell, N. q B. @. McMani-
gal, Sec'y.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17

U. b. CHURCH.-Corner of Hunter and
Spring SIRE cts, Rev. Hughs, pastor.
Preaching every Sabbath at l0:30 Il. m. and
7 p. m. Glass meeting at 2:S0 p, m. Prayer
meeting every Wednesday at ] p. m. Sab
bath School at $3.50 a. m. Y. p G. U. every
to attend.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17

HOOK HOOKING COUNCIL, No. 80, r. q
8, M Assembly chamber James building
Stated assembly first TUESDAY in each month.
Recorder.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17

LUTHERAN TRINITY CHURCH.-Rev.
H. w. Walker Pastor. Services every other
Sunday at 10 a. m. and p. m. Evening SER
vices always in English. Morning services
changed about once In English, next in Ger
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17

MINERAL ENCAMPMENT, No. clio.
o. FL. o. o. #. hall. Meetings second and
fourth w ednesday of each month Joel
Kittsmiller, @ p. B, @. McManigal, scribe.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17

MINGO LODGE, No. III, F. & A. M
Hall in James building. Stated communlca-
tions on or before each iul moon, VIM.
Rarthow, w Nj. G. II. Keynes, Sec'y.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17

II. @. of st. JOHN, Com. ll8-Regular
meetings, Castle Hall Hartman Block first
Sunday of each month"; Drill meeting first
Monday night of each month. President, +.
+. =. Kessler; Recording and Corresponding
Secretary, w. j. Doebele.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17

LOGAN CHAPTER, No. 75, r. Am
Hall James building. Stated convocations
Friday evening of or succeeding full moon
A. Magcon H. p; A, w. Mauk, Sec'y.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-08-17
SOCIETIES..

LOGAN TEMPLE, No.5Y, ,Rathbone Sisters
Temple in Mccarthy building. Meeting
each tuesday evening. e. O., Mrs. L. l. h
man; M of O., Miss Mae Montgomery.
The Winslow mail., 1899-11-23
FOR THE HOUSEWIFE.
Some Short suggestions Concerning
Various Matters of Domes-
tic Interest.

Threadbare carpets are 10 longer the
despair of the thrifty housewife who
longs for their Punishment, but breads
the expense of their replacement. She
knows now her clear and satisfactory
duty in the matter. In all large cities
there are factories where old carnets
of all kinds are cut into strips and
woven into beautiful velvety rugs. The
new fabric retains the colors of the orig
inal, but these are so blended that NO
one predominates, and the revised pat
tern is soft and artistic. No carpet is
too worn or soiled to be put through
the process, and no preparatory clean
ing is necessary. A ragged ingram,
Brussels or other carpet may be taken
I'D. the floor stained while it is away,
and presently the covering is returned
in the shape of fresh, handsome rugs,
whose beginning cannot be suspected
by the most critical observer.
After picking batch of peaches or
pears, a cupful or more of the rich sirup
is likely to be left. 1t is good plan to
cook quarters of apples in this, using is
many as the sirup will hold. These may
then be put away in jars or small
crock for use at winter luncheons.
When, later on, peaches or other sweet
pickles are used, the sirup from them
may also be saved, reheated, and the
cans refilled with apples. In this way
a supply of relishes is kept.
A new and delicious salad was served
81, An,
aspic had been made of dissolved beef
capsules, the mixture well seasoned.
A little was then poured into individual
molds, on the bottom of each of which
blanched almonds had been arranged
in the form of a star. When this had
set more asPic was gradually added, al
ternating with layers of the almonds
When the molds were sent to the table,
and each turned out on lettuce leaf,
the amber jelly against the green, with
a spoonful of mayonnaise over it, made
a very pretty course.
Something the housekeeper, and par
ticularly the suburban housekeeper,
should keep on hand is supply of stale
macaroons. For 25 cents a quantity can
be bought which, kept in covered tin
will furnish the needed ingredient for
many a hasty and delicious dessert. A
soft custard or, better, caramel Gus
tard mixed thicllly with them before it
is poured in glass cups, and eaten cold
makes a popular dish. Or an excellent
pudding is made by spreading them
whole with jam, filling the dish with
custard and baking the mixture. They
are an esteemed addition to ice cream
and, powdered fine and sprinkled over
whipped cream, add to its flavor. Plain
rice molds prepared for the children
become a company dish busted with
crushed macaroons and served with
whipped cream. These suggestions
are scarcely the beginning of the list
of ways in which the favoring may be
utilized.-N. Y. Post.
The Winslow mail., 1899-11-23
SCENES AT FIESTA.
Strange Mixture CT the World and the
Church During Celebration
Mexico.

Such strange jumbliDg of the world
and the church is seen nowhere in the
United States as is exhibited at Mag
dalena, Sonora, Mexico, during the
period of the fiesta in honor OF the mem
ory of St. Francisco Xavier. The fiesta
extends from September 20 to October
10, but October t is celebrated as the
birthday of the great missionary. The
tradition that on this day to kiss any
portion of the figure that lies in the
sanctuary will heal all pains and sick
ness is believed by thousands of people
who travel hundreds of miles to secure
the legendary benefits.
Tuesday night thousands of people
camped in the plaza on the campus sur
rounding the cathedral and elsewhere
near by. At four o'clock in the morning
when the bells in the tower rung the
call to early mass the crowd pressed
into the big auditorium. There in the
center under the dome on a catafalque
covered with rich lace and silk lay the
life-sized figure OF the saint. robed in
the costly raiment of prelate On the
floor during the mass a great crowd
kneIt. At the conclusion of the SerV-
ice the throng passed on either side
of the figure. The sick, the lame, the
blind kissed the forehead, the nose, the
hps, the eyes, the hands and the feet.
For hours streams of humanity JOS
! tied and surged III and out of the church.
At ten o'clock another service-the bap-
tlsm of children-began and lasted for
three hours. During the remainder of
the day great crowds continued TO visit
the figure Of the saint.
Religious duties performed, the
crowds passed to the market place, Il
piock away, where gambling and
drinking tents are pitched and where
hish officials of the state and prominent
mlne owners win and lose fortunes.
hazards of $1,000 and 81, ,OOO on a single
card are common. Women of estab-
lished position play. Everybody gam
bies, drinks and goes to church,
The Winslow mail., 1899-11-23
FASHION NOTES.
New Features of Fall Costumes
Short Skirts and Heavy
Tan Shoes.

Many a small fancy button is seen on
new gowns, an@s far the brass ones
predominant. They may be fiat or
round. Both are to be found on the
new flannel shirt waists.
These shirt waists are made in a va
riety of ways. Pretty ones are made
perfectly plain in front, opening down
the side, the fullness gathered in at the
waist, blousing slightly. The buttons
are put on regularly, or in groups Of
three, and for many of them the round
brass buttons are used. The shirt with
which we are SO familiar is still to be
seen with yoke in the back coming
a little over the shoulder in front, where
the fullness is gathered. A prominent
shirt waist maker has his new waists
made with a very deep yoke in 'front.'
the yolk embroidered with polka dots
small bow knots, or similar small de-
signs. These long yokes can hardly
be said to be becoming to the majority
of people. Some waists are made with
no yoke at all to have the long effect
that has been so much desired. Shirt
waists, or, perhaps, they should be
called merely separate waists, made of
thin wooden material in delicate colors,
are made with clusters of narrow tucks
running up and down the front, back,
and sleeves of the waists. There is the
flaring instead of shirt sleeve cuffs to
these waists.
The so-called golf capes, reaching
half way to the bottom of the skirt,
have much more elegant lines than the
shorter capes. They are really intended
more for sea voyages and travelling
wraps.
Just about this time of the year a
great many women are to be seen
around the streets wearing short skirts
and heavy yellow shoes which look as
if they might be in mems sizes. The
heavy shoe in yellow has pretty, man.
nish effect on a small foot, but on the
ordinary foot of woman of ordinary
size they have not the effect, but seem
to be mems shoes and lose their beauty
Women would do well to adopt tha
styles to their own particular needs,
and doing this the large woman wouli
give up her yellow shoes. The straight
tip is still the most popular. = N. Y
Times.