davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27
Axlo Grease and Orchard Trees.

At the last meeting of the Central IL
linois Horticultural Society the fol-
lowing discussion took place:
Q.-Is there any simple and success
full way to prevent rabbits from de-
stroying the orchard trees
H. NJ. Dunlap have for Is years
used on my commercial orchard Fraz-
er's Axle Grease, and it has been very
effective in keeping the rabbits from
gnawing the trees. put 1t on in No
vember and December. apply it with
brush. something as one would
whitewash. but putting on very thin
coating. l have never had my trees
when so treated injured by the rabbits
II a man has only small home or
chard he might use rags, as has been
suggested by some one, but If his time
is worth anything and IL he has a large
commercial orchard, he would do bet
ter to buy axle grease. I do not know
that any kind Of axle grease will hurt
tree, but it might be that some
would. Perhaps all would be equally
safe and effective. Some people use
crude petroleum. but I consider that
dangerous to the trees, or at least fear
to use it. Some say that IL there is
corn in the field the rabbits will not
trouble the trees, but I have had my
trees gnawed In October when there
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27
FARM AND GARDEN,
MATTERS OF INTEREST TO
AGRlCULTURlSTS
Some Up-to-Date Hints About Gull
tivation of the Soil and Yields
Observation-Disclosures viticulturs and
Horticulture.
Soluble Salts in A,kal, Soils.

Soluble Salts In Alkall Soils.
The electrical method of salt deter
m1nation in soils has been used in the
exploration and investigation Of the
alkali soils Of the Yellowstone Valley
made by the department Of agricul-
ture. An examination was first made
OF the general conditions in the valley
ana then a very minute study of Sec
ZION OF land which was just being
ruined by the rise of alkali. This ex-
animation amounted to an under
ground survey Of the field, and maps
nave been made showing the distribu-
tlon OF alkali at different depths. A
great number of borings were made to
q depth of 10 or Is feet, and salt de-
examinations were made in every 6
lncnes or each foot in depth. Accurate
maps have been made showing the
amount and distribution of the alkali
at several of these depths. 1t was
1ound that in the original prairie soil
ABOVE the ditch there is not sufficient
aikal to be injurious to vegetation.
Inc amount of alkali was greater in
the lower depths of the subsoil. AS
rule, water is used in excess on all
OF these lands under irrigation, and
10 such an extent that it accumulates
IN the subsoil. When the depth to
standing water is not more than 2
1eet from the surface, alfalfa turns
yellow and dies out. In all cases the
urst injury was from the accumulation
OF water from excessive applications
through irrigation. Where this water
remains for some time in the subsoil
the alkali teaches down through seep-
age from higher lands, and is brought
up from the subsoil and accumulates
at the surface in quantities sufficient
to prevent the growth of cultivated
plants. This underground survey of
the alkali lands has given the most
important information in regard to
amount and distribution of the soluble
salts and the way in which they ac-
cumulate in certain localities through
OVerirrigation.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27
Care Of Bees in Winter.

Bees should remain undisturbed
throughout the entire winter, except
that we may in safety open the hives
and examine them during warm day
when the bees are out on the wing
! lying, but even on such occasions the
/ weather must of necessity be very
warm and fine. writes A. H, Duff in
journal of Agriculture. Bees are very
easily injured by being aroused in any
way during cold weather, and on this
account they should be provided with
GOOD protection so as to exclude stock
OF any kind from wandering near the
hlVes. For this reason, hives should
hot be set up on high benches, nor
placed against fences or trees. The
proper place to locate hives of bees
'he hives having boards-is directly
on the ground, and each sitting on it's
own bottom and not in any way con-
nected with any other hive.
snow about the bee hives is a good
projection to the bees in very cold
weather, and the more snow the better
IL IS. put many people make a grave
mistake by removing the snow, think
ing the bees will suffocate for air.
lhey thus do the bees an almost irrep-
arabic injury; not only depriving
.nem or good protection, but disturb
.ls them and arousing them to activ-
''s at time they should be the most
9ulet' Bee hives may be totally COW
efea with deep snow drifts without do
ing the least injury to the bees, but
on the contrary it affords them the
pest OF protection during the most Sc
we're weather.
Persons who are not we'll informed
m bee culture frequently make a mis-
take ny moving bees during the winter
IRON one locality to another. They
may perhaps purchase bees of their
helghbor during the summer and defer
moving them until winter. The prop
- ume to move or ship bees is at any
! lime during the year except in winter,
LOT the cause given above The ques-
| lioh may be asked why thus disturb
ing bees during winter is injurious to
'hem. 1t is so from the fact that
| when bees are aroused to activity in
cold weather they will partake of food
heavily on account of it. and il the
weather is such as to keep them con-
hned any length thereafter, they will
become affected with dysentery from
confinement in this condition, and
only timely flight will relieve them.
Bees may thus be made to consume
more man double the amount of stores
they would otherwise do with proper
treatment in this respect.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27
Strawberry Cultivation,


Few growers of berries are aware of
the importance of using only select
plants to obtain che best results in
raising fine quality and large guam
tlty OF fine fruit, writes II. Gugal in
Colman's Rural World. I think there
are few growers of berries but what
Will admit that the best markets are
easily glutted with inferior fruit; while
there never yet was a market over
supplied with choice fruit. In order
TO avoid overstocking or Cutting the
markets, during the berry season, we
must confine ourselves to smaller acre
age, and a better quality of fruit, espe-
c1ally when it can be done at a very
little extra cost.
One acre we'll prepared and we'll
planted with select plants, and we'll
cultivated during the growing season,
will produce as much fruit and of finer
quality, as four or five acres in the old
way OF full-matted rows and alley
plants. Then, when it comes to pick
ing, they can be found without using
spectacles-every berry will be a ber-
ry, and no make believes. In order
to grow fine berries, a liberal applica-
ton of fertilizer is necessary to pro-
duce the best results, as fertilizer-es-
peclally barn-yard manure-improves
both quality and quantity. In order to
grow me berries 1t is necessary to be-
gin the preparation of the soil the year
before. l plow under a good clover
sod, upon which has been broadcasted
barnyard manure at the rate of at least
twenty-five loads to the acre. Pulver-
ize we'll and plant to potatoes, culti-
vate thoroughly, and allow no weeds
to ripen seed. Then, when the pota-
toes are dry, SOW to rye, if possible.
During the winter give another ap-
plication Of manure, and about March
18th turn rye under and manure. Fol-
low turn plow with subsoiler wherever
possible CT necessary; then roll land,
followed by good harrow, and il ne
cessary roll and harrow a second time.
The land should then be in fine
condition to receive plants, but under
no circumstances should the ground be
worked while wet or sticky. AS to va
rieties, the finest that has been grown
successfully in your vicinity, should be
selected. For hill system set plants
fifteen inches in row, and from twenty
four to thirty inches between rows. for
half-matted rows, plant eighteen
inches in row, and thirty-six to forty
inches between rows.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27
Cookie.

Herewith We illustrate cookie, one
of our most troublesome weeds. This
is an annual and very smooth
throughout 1t branches freely and
grows to the height of one to two
feet. The opposite leaves grow to-
gether at the base, varying in form
from oblong in the lower to ovate in
the upper. The flowers are pink and
are arranged in open cymes; that is,
one in each fork on the branches. The
way to get rid of the pest, after it has
put in an appearance, is to cultivate
thoroughly If the land be devoted to
hoed crops this will be easy, as the
cookie cannot stand cultivation. When
wheat or other grain is sown care
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27
PATENTS.
List of Patents Issued Last Week to
NOrthWeatern InYentorx

Mason III. Crittenden, MINNEAPOLIS,
Mimi, means for closing light wells;
Henry Dahlman, Minneapolis. Mimi,
machine for making purtlings; Harry
De Wallace, st. Paul, Mimi. train or
der signal; Owen T. Dougherty. Min
neapolis, Mimi, fishing tackle; ].
Thomas German. F. Bertsch and +.
Aamodt, Minneapolis, Mimi, tufting
device: Ole r. Hauskey Lake Preston,
s. D., merry go-round; Samuel e. La
Due, Fertile, Min. ruler and spacer;
Francis B. McDaniels. Owatonna,
Mimi, straw rack for threshing ma
chimes; Gilbert Thorsen. Letcher, S.
D., single tree clevis: Edwin G. Wash
burn, Minneapolis, Mimi, car coup
ling: Henry Whomes. Winona. Mimi.
power hammer; Joseph j. rremble,
Whitewood, s. d. lacing hook.
Merwin. Lothrop johnson. Patent Attcr
oeys' elo Pioneer Press building, ST. PGal.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27
was a good sunnly Of corn in the fields

was good supply Of corn in the fields.
Mr.. Augustine.-I want 10 warn the
men that put veneering on the trees
and bind it on with wires, that they
remove the wires when they do the
veneering. II the wires are not re-
moved, as the trees grow the wires
will cut into them and it will ultimate
ly result in the death of the trees. /
have about $4,000 or more trees and l
am protecting them with good quail
ity of sheeting. I tear it in strips about
four inches wide and wind it around
the trees. taking it off in the spring.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27
Not for Publication.
he gnarled and stunted editor bent

The gnarled and stunted editor bent
over lbs copy.
'"rhis exhibit Of folly on the part Of
Lieut.. Hobson is most reprehensibla
What q grown man can see in such an
idiotic practice is something sensible
people cannot fathom."
The editor drew back and looked at
the last paragraph. AS he did so he
moistened his feverish lips with his to-
bacco-tinted tongue.
"Lord! he said, With an envious
smile, "that Hobson is a lucky dog!'-
Cleveland Plain Dealer.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27
STATE OF ONO, CITY OF TOLEDO, 9.

LCCAS COUNTY,
Frank j. Cheney makes oath that he IS The
senior partner OF the trm OF 7. j. Cheney s; Co..
doing business in the City OF Toledo, Count"
the sum OF ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS for
each and every case OF Catarrh that cannot be
cured By the use OF Halls Catarrn Cure.
FRANK y. CHENEY.
Sworn to before me and subscribed iii INV
presence. this 9TH day Of December. y. D. 1885,.
(SEA) a ". GLEASON,
Notary Public.
Halls Catarrh Cure Is taken internally. ANA
acts directly on the blood and mucous surfaces
OF the system. Send TOR testimonials. free.
+. j. CHENEY & CO., TcieGo q
Sold by Druggists. 75c.
Halls Family Pills arc the best
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27
Germany and Asia Minor.

1t is inevitable that Asia Minor shall
eventually pass from Mohammedan-
ism. and whether Germany accom-
plisbes the task or not, the sultan must
yield to q Christian nation. 1t is just
as inevitable that disease OF the digest
i've organs must yield to Hostetter's
Stomach Bitters, which are usually
called dyspepsia, constipation and bill.
iOuSneSS
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27
Fixing the Blame.

I'D like to know why it is said
young Brockleigh to his tailor. that
every time you make pair OF trousers
for me you get them little short?"
Il don't know" was the reply, "un-
less It's because l usually find you
that way when present the bill -
Chicago News.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27
Some Sheen DiDs,

The Colorado Experiment Station
publishes the following formula for the
making of sheep dips:
Australian Dip - Sulphur, $50
pounds; lime, 100 pounds, to 100 gal
Ions OF water. The lime and sulphur
were mixed with a small amount Of
water first and heated until all became
bright red liquid and then diluted to
100 gallons.
copperas Dip - Copperas, thirty
pounds; water 100 gallons.
Flour of Sulphur-The dry powder
used pure.
Flour of Sulphur in Water-Used in
the proportion Of ten pounds of sui
phur to 100 gallons of water.
Curtice Dip-Tobacco leaves, fifty
pounds; sulphur, ten pounds, to 100
gallons OF water. The tobacco was
first thoroughly stepped, after which
the leaves were removed and the sui
phur put in the decoction and boiled
for half hour.
Milk of Lime-Lump lime, $50
pounds; water, 100 gallons. Lime slak-
1AA
Tobacco Decoctlon-Tobacco dust,
200 pounds; water, 100 gallons. The
tobacco was stepped in the water and
then the leaves squeezed and the
strong decoction used in full and one
half, one-fourth and one-eighth full
strength.
Arsenic of Soda Dip-White arsenic,
r. ~C
ounce; water, one gallon. The arsenic
and carbonate OF soda were first put in
a small amount of water together, and
boiled until the arsenic became entire
~ dissolved. and then the remainder
OF the water was added. Also used in
weaker solutions.
Carbolic Acid and Corrosive Subli-
matc-Carbolic acid eight parts; cor
rosiye snblimate, one part; water, LOGO
parts. Suggested and prepared by DR..
FIaddcn.)
Carbolic Acid-Pure carbolic acid Ill
water in proportions varying from one
part in 100 to one part in 1000.
Kerosene Emulsion - Soap, one
pound water. one gallon: kerosene,
two gallons. After making the emu,-
sion in these proportions IN the usual
manner the whole was diluted to six
teen gallons. Also used in one-half
this strength.
Pure Kerosene-Used without dilu-
ton.
Alcehol-Used IS per cent pure.
Whale-Oil Soap-Used in the prcnor-
ton of one pound to two gallons ct
water.
Squads and Capons for Market.-If
squads are killed before they can fly
the flesh is white. but after that it
darEens, reducing tee value from one
to two dollars per dozen. Those rails
ing them for market should keep the
old ones we'll supplied with food SO
that the young may become plump and
fat Always dry pick them. and re-
move all of the down. Leave on the
heads, and leave the entrails in. Have
them thoroughly cooled before pack
ing. then ship by express. The rules
for picking and shipping squads apply
to broilers. Capons should always be
dry picked. Leave on the heads and
leave entrails in. Also leave all the
feathers on the neck and the large ones
on the wings and tail. Slips are dress
ed the same way. They are readily
selected from capons by the growth Of
their combs and swelling Of the spurs.
These usually sell for several cents nor
pound less than capons.-AIirror and
Farmer.
Use land plaster in the manure gut
terra daily.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27
A Left-Hnnded Cluh.

In Southern California there is q
"left-handed" club, with membership
Of nearly 1000 scattered throughout ali
the principal towns. To be left-handed
is the only qualification necessary for
membership
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27
Fasting l|cnts.

In fasting feats. the sect of 1ains. in
India. is far ahead of its rivals. f'asts
OF from thirty to forty days are Very
common. and once year they are SAID
to abstain from food for seventy-hve
days.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27
Read the Advertisements.

You will enjoy this publication much
better If you will get into the habit Of
reading the advertisements; they will
afford a most amusing study, and
will put you in the way of getting some
excellent bargains. Our advertisers are
reliable; they send what they adver-
tlSe.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27
So f:

So:
ut won't do any good to teach our
school girls to sew
"Why not?'
Lots of married women who know
how to sew won't w."-Chicago Rec
ord.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27

Two or three-year-o turkeys are
better for breeding stock than Young
birds. 1t is mistake to sell of all
the old stock every fall.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27
||f |5s}|ISssV EYs z WHEAT
[GgS1,Spe WHEAT
DCggssS1 aik WHEAT

Nothing but wheat; what you might
call a sea of wheat" is what was said
by lecturer speaking of Western Can
ada. For particulars as to routes,
railway fares, ETC., apply to SUI
perintendent Of immigration, Depart
ment Interior, Ottawa, Canada or to
Ben Davies, 1874 East Third ST., St.
Paul. or T. O. Currie, Stevens Point,
Wis.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27

Action is the right outlet Of emotion
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27

Use land plaster in the manure gut
terra daily.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-01-27
R9EMSl0ksy,9S!alLN.I \, HX:.IoRRIs,

WANTED-Case OF pad health that R-I.P.A.N.0
vii not benefit Send cents to Ripans Chemical
Co.. New York, for 10 samples and 900 testimonais
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-03
WESTBROOK MILLS.
Plant of the ManufaetuIing Company
Has Been Sold TO the s. ID. Warren Co.

The sale of the PLAN of the Westbrook
Manufacturing company at Westbrook.
has been sold to the S. d. Warren compa-
ny at Cumberland Mills. The negoti-
ations for this sale have been proceeding
for some time it being necessary to con-
suit the bondholders before the terms
could be settled. The Westbrook Manu-
featuring company was established many
years ago, and for a long tiiue was an ex-
ceedingly profitable business. A few
years ago, however, 1t found Itself in
financial difficulties, and since that time
has been shut down. At the time of the
trouble the company had debt, covered
by first and second mortgage bonds. 1t
is understood that the property has been
sold for enough to pay 4O cents on the
dollar. This allows nothing for the Sec
ond mortgage bondholders or the stock
holders.
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-03
WALNUT CREST FARM.

Located on old Gorbam road one and a
quarter miles from Westbrook Walnut
Crest is becoming an interesting farm.
One of the finest herds of COWS fills the
barn which is over 100 feet long. The
choicest spring lambs ever sold in Port
land are raised In large numbers. it is a
rule to sell nothing till it is in its most
perfect condition. Lambs will begin to
eat oats when ten days old and every va
riety of grain is offered. to keep them
fattening till ready for market. The
owner will buy a promising colt that will
make powerful work horse any day
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-03

Miss Rooney's greatest success. The part
gives her opportunities to display that
versatility and talent with which she Is
so generously endowed. She has never
been seen to better advantage and is sup
ported by cast which might be called
an all-stsr one. The speoialties OF
which there are quite number, are clever
and novel, and the chorus particularly
we'll rendered The music has been well
spoken of; one critic calling it melodi-
Gus, graceful and distinctive. possessing
that swing and jingle which is so de-
lightful to tho ear and Is the hall mark
of comedy music. Reserved seats go on
sale this morning.
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-03
HARBOR NOTES.
Items of Interest Picked Up Along the
Water Front.

Inspectors Merritt and Pollister made
an inspection of the Cara yesterday.
Commodore Bowers yacht Viva has
been fitted with a new overhang and will
be towed across from the south Portland
shore this week.
The Portland yacht club season
opened officially the 1st day of May.
The sloop Gismonds recently purchased
by Arthur Woods and now at Lynn will
be brought to Portland ana anchored
with the yacht fleet.
Reuben X. Dyer launched his sloop,
Clique, and George Owens sloop Gwen
dolin is nearly ready to go into commits
sion.
The steamers Enita and Phantom left
the marine railway yesterday and the
Elizabeth City went on in the afternoon
for her spring overhaulipg.
Steamer Mary W. Libby will take the
place of the Elizabeth City and went on
the line yesterday beginning at the four
O'Clock trip.
The arrivals were: Schooners Allan
dale, lumber, Forest Belle, Electric Flash,
G. M Walton, Emma f. Chase and
Harry C. Chester loaded with cedar
posts.
Among the recent charters Is that OF
the British bark Eudora, which arrived
here last week from Manila with cargo
of hemp. He will load lumber at Port
land for South America at SO 90 per 1906
feet.
The lobster arrivals yesterday were the
Bernie and Bessie with 2,700 to j. W.
g. A. Wyer with 1880.
The Portland daily press., 1899-05-03
OrATHS.

In this city, MAY 2. suddenly. William Cnnord'
oldest son OF Z. II. and NJ. N Rich.
[Fureral on Thursday afternoon from No. lo4
Neal street. Burial at the convenience OF the
family. ot a,
fred and MARY Aubn aged year months.
Funeral this Wednesday afternoon at 2.3o
O'Clock, from No. 81 Cotton street
In Batn, April 30, Mrs. Nancy L.. widow of
the late William Jordan. aged 60 years and
months. ,, ,. 90, 90
In Bath, May !, Hallowell Rogers, aged Sc
In Bath, April 80, Louisa Denham Hall, widow
OF tho late Elbrldge soule aged "a years ana
In Rockiand. April 26, Daniel c. Perkins
In Rockland. April "a, Mrs. Mary T. crockett
In VinsIhayen. April ~. William G. Young
aged 70 years. 49,, >-..n ,,
In south Thomastou. April 10, Capt. Ephraim
In Thomaston, April 81. Levi P. Phiibrook'
aged 81 years.