davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1899-06-25

well as Isolated farms, parks and castlss $,
which were capable OF serving as straic-
Ktc points. This Information could only
have been supplied by people who had
lived In thu country before the war: AMI.
as matter Of fact mary OF the inha.i-
tants OF the eastern regions OF France
recognised In the patrols OF the Chlnns
land ameng the officers Of the Landwchr.
which came later) former brewers work
men or emfloyes OF hanks OF CONNER
cial and business houses, etc, who had
come to work IN the countr. before the
invasion.
w,cn the French army was reorgsnlsed
In W the etat major decided TO organize a
similar system. and the second bureau Of
the ministry ~ war was thus constituted.
One Of the chief organizers OF this bureau
was the Late Col. Jung. who was suhse-
auently general in command AT punk!rk
and who married a pretty foreigner named
Marie De Kau,a. This lady was simply a
spy In the service OF Germany, whose trial
created an intense sensation some fifteen
years ago.
II Is . popular idea thar the espionage
systesn concerns itself simply with the
procuring of secrets as TO ornaments and
plans OF fortre.ses and fortified places
This. however. Is hut a very small part OF
the business. When the heads oS an army
set themselves 10 consider a new powder
+" 'b'e "a a hSta AaH ikfeAt stuJtSS u$aA&kN
last very lonE time and their experiments
s'ii' longer. Now. the question Of the
proper arsning Of the troops Is almost the
same with all ne powers. each one Of these
Is nearly always in course OF studying some
Improvement er change. and the artiiEs\y
and engineer officers whose business IL Is 10
study these things are usually kent we'll
Informed % the new iseas possessed by
their neiShhors4 Almost invariably as soon
as a country has started the study OF an
Innovation that novelty is also being sx-
arss1ed BY the expert officials Of the ether
powers Esen a slight iUdisxretiors is gen.
orally enough TO give officers initiated the
c'*w 20 the Investigations and experiments
ahat are IN fost.
France Ahead OF Germany.
Thas. while Germany was siin study
INK the question 90 her new rapld-arsns
gums she French artillery officers had
for three months been tnxessigattagf the
setE-saaae guns and hardly had the
hrapp works started To manufacture
them than France had on her SIDE com
fnissioned the manufacture OF gan al
Frost similar, but with IMPROVEMENTS
TIE result Is an excellent arm which.
Ia tire spsFstan az competent experts CON
stsafes TIE best piece ~ artillery POS
ssssed by modern armies As 70 rifles.
tse same thing helas xoct A. they are
maize M such large numbers AZ a slrne
BY thousands 90 essaer~n, wcrkmen- IL is
extremely easy for the agents Of foreign
pswssh With little iacS and toe ysxx liz :.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1899-06-25

my tebte1e On k3IU81t 1--WE yOu
l here the result Of my investisa-
~ tons OF the trade conditions and
Of the chances for American cap
itaI. During the past few months
have visited tho chief cities of this re-
public. have travelled In the neighbor-
hood Of 500 miles and have seen the prin-
cipai Industrial centers OF the empire.
beIievs that Brasil II In the infancy Of
IT. development. II will support . hundred
people Some day whore u now supports one.
IL VIII b one OF tho richest countries OF
thu globe. and It will pay Uncle Sam to
cultivate Il. and 10 insist THAI he geta his
rights IN II ~ one Of the great traders OF
the wcrld. Brasil has . territory almost ~
large ~ the United States. and one which
Includes more cultivated, land. II contains
more than half the people who live In South
America. Its population Ii increasing and
Il Ii steadily growing ~ goods consumer.
Business ~ Dsaall with UneIe Aan.
A. present It's exports amount to 81. 600 900
more than its imports. and still its imports
figure up the tidy sum Of 500 900 . year
We take about half OF all that Brazil
calls. We buy the most OF her coffee and
tens OF millions of dollars worth OF her
rubber. We get but little IN exchange.
Our experts TO Brasil are only about one
6kth our imports. and We ray her . bal
ance Of about sSa.0W.0oo year.
IL Ne e00ulo Stop buy1n& the 0mci4IS OK
como Of the best states would 90 hungry.
yAra would, have famine. and Sac Pauio
would have to patch It's pantaloons. Tho
ollciala Of these provinces rely upon their
revenues from the export business. These
a9o enormous. amounting TO Is cents .
pound II the present rates on rubber. and
II per cent on coffee. The duties are Of
course paid by the consumers. % that cv-
ofy American who rides . rubber-tired hi
cycle has had to pay 3 per cent. into the
TREASURES Of Para and Nanaos. and every
one who drinks = cup Of coffee adds there
BY 10 the support OF the government Of the
co6ec-Growing states OF Brasil.
Petty Taxes On Auaertean Trade.
You would think that Brasil ought 10 be
grateful TO IN for this enormous trade. She
may be 20. but she has queer way OF
showing II. She charges US q tariff on
everything We sell 10 her. taxing Us on
some articles ~ much 40 100 per cent. At
times she makes what are called recipro-
city tfeat.ee Some of our goods 70 I'm
ncminally free. but Indirectly every ship
carrying American goods which comes 10
Brasil has to pay toll. In most Of the har-
bcFs there IL What In called expediente
taxes. These are jevies for some excuse or
other Al Bahia the oficiais viii ask the
ships 70 pay 50 much for a new hospital.
AZ revnambuco they want something for a
eaticsa home. and at Rio they biAckmail
you for harbor improvements.
Such taxes are levied not by law, but ac-
cordinG to the ideas and tastes OF the local
officials. They are really sort OF black
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1899-06-25

I system In France in a highly remarkable
manner. For this purpose they have cut
| up the country into six divisions-the
northeast, the northwest, the southeast,
the southwest. the east and Paris. Each
OF these spy districts Is periodically COW
cred by agents indicateurs," who supply
the permanent agents residing in certain
towns and usually occupying an appar-
entity honorable position there far remov-
ed from all suspicion. with verbal instruc-
tons as TO the inquiries they are to make
and the directions in which they ought 10
be carried out. They never write. and
there are never any letters or any traces
OF communication whatever. The perma-
nent agent sets to work; ne travels
through the country. always In an omni-
bus train. mixes with the crowd. watches
observes. ponders and questions the peas
ants and those with whom he has reia-
ttons on points apparently meaningless.
but which. II skiiIfuliy put together. and
added 20 items garnered elsewhere form
valuable material. which Is interpreted
and made use Of by the Prussian etat
major
Having collected his information, the
permanent agent tots IL down, as II by
hazard. In a number Of Iaconic notes or A
few figures whose purport is known only
to himself. on the corner OF the page OF
some book or newspaper month or
two pass and fresh agent. who knows
nothing Of the first and who In called
the agent vehicuieur.' comes round. col
iects these notes and disappears with
them.
Necessity Of Watchfuluess
But Of wha. use. IL may be asked. are
these apparently worthless notes.
France and Germany and. indeed. ali
ether powers ct any note, are continually
changing their plans for the mobilization
and massing of troops In case of war.
France has at the present tine reached
plan IL That is to say. that since 1874
when her nrs; plan was adopted after
the liberation OF the territory partially
occupied by the Prusslan troops until the
complete payment OF the war indemnity
France has altered the concentration of
Der army thirteen times These repeated
changes in the intended progress and d.
rec:ion Of the army compel the powers
IL they are TO be as we'll tnf0s med as L.
possible. 10 have an eiaborase service OF
espionage.
Take an example: A: certain Intervals
the French minister 81 war sends the chief
managers of the railway service q time
table OF the mobilization trains. The day
on which war IL declared and the order
given to mobilize al ordinary railway sraf-
nc will be stopped and the regular army.
the reserve and the territorial army, or
horses and enormous numbers OF commits
saxfas and ammunition trains and artillery
1AEnnA MI = - dan e ln4D1ortn
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1899-06-25

man embassy At Paris, which =
have taken place about the comalo .Z
Of the Dreyfus affair Among -
who worked" the efnbassy T.
Of hearing the famous word
spoken by the military attaches -
ence and confidence Of their cAn
idea was conceived Of placing . 1920
graph In the chimney. and th5e -
structed ad hoe In the hCpe ~
OF hearing divulsed the ferflDoe
which would have wflungiy 1oo4
changed by Col sandner for Ten - h.
loo francs 10 the fortunate -
should have brought upon u 4%H
graphs register 10 the eeA&
great word '.Dreyfus' fallen froGn 81
OF Col Schwartzkoppen or CD t =,
di. Unfortunately for them IN = u
had their work for nothing. IL
graph did not play Its intended -
was relegated TO the lumber Soeo
second bureau In the midst of the
and unreveaied histories which - ~
there. s
And herein In the absurd 80
whole affair. side by sde Wtth
technical information supplied ~ J.
fIcers sent on secret missions
which has a vast in1pertance - -
the eountry's means of defense
yarns Of the iower-piaeed agents. S1
en- succeed In siup4ng senerais-Gel ~
ficers prone 10 he died with - 4
''gobeuse" creduIisy when thsy
fronted by the scheninxs oS t. II
IA fact to which - due most - ~
deeds and all the discre1if 49, s{7x
French esat major now enjoys
Chronicle.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1899-06-25
cURStDBY THE SPY SYSTEM.
ESPIONAGE IN FRANCE THE RAsis
or GREAT DREYFUS SCANDAL.
All the European Countries Eaxagea
In Dec~tvinw Each Other-Peac-
tice laaalged In ny the various

PARIS. June s-~France can thank It's
spy syssem for the famous affaire Drcytus
the myssery ~ which In now practically
solved. after having KEEP; the nation In a
turmoil ana held the attention OF the world
for Ave years. The art II espionage. on
which the entire ease hinges. consists in
dccssvins ones neisheor and OF getting his
secrets on; Or him. one method Is the en-
ploymen, 81 other pretended secrets. si
false - halt, Another Is merely the rur-
chase Of secrets WITH sums Of money
sometimes very considerable, and varying
according 10 the importance Of the infor-
nation Furnished. 4 third method IL the
employment OF a rry pure and simple. who
exercises bis profession as branch OF
the government service. receiving efnola-
menss and perhaps a pension 10 the end
In exchange fer orie s performed and ser.
vtee~ rendered.
The highest class Of Officials in this de-
Yarsmcnt conssss OF spies in .Ae fashion
ah,e world They censs~ Of military oYs-
GERS diplomats. ex-tcurnaitsts and wcussn
who are .%tnsrfsuers." ana are usually AZ
sracfive. This white kid wlcvcsi description
Il espionage PAR excellence. 1, Is nsiisxs.
~ all the POWERS. by the armies. as well
as Nv the ministers % forsign affairs AZ
ali countries. A second category consists
of traitors pure and simple; :; IL the
most infamous and NEST contemplate
branch OF the profession. The SPY Is
supposed ito act through patriotism ia
the interests of his country" The fraisor
delivers his country. and receives fer has
act. like Judas. his pieces NJ SILVER.
Revelations ef isYo.
The war Of isw revealed tn France y
Spy system, hitherto unkncwn IN this
country. Ii consisted IN keeping she Ger
mans snsormei as To the resources az the
invaded regions. thus .nxurinw the r~yiet-
uaiisasien NJ their army GA the sIses- AZ
the same TING all their officers we're In
possession Of excellent maps of the
French Departmental with the roads and
Che. Afesn1f1se ~ ~ Gzpusd marked. -
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1899-06-25
BATTLEsHIP IOWA

Steamer Mary r. Periey leovs9
Washington street fer the u
m. allowing two hours to yisit ~ .!.
ship. IS
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1899-06-25

On. ANNIE NungEI1II 49,
ooDeA r 0lncS1aH
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1899-07-27
A NOTED ORATOR GONE.
Death Came Suddenly to Colonel
Robert G. Ingersoll.
A VICTIM OF HEART DISEASE.

Owing to His Many Charities He
Leaves Only His Life Insurance For
His FamiIy-His own writings His
Funeral Sermon.
New York, July 27.-Colonel Robert
G.. Ingersoll died at his home. Walston-
on-Hudson, near Dobbs Ferry. last Fri
day. His death was sudden and I'M
expected and resulted from the heart
disease from which he suffered since
1896. In that year, during the Republic
can national convention, he was taken
Ill. and had to return home. He never
fully recovered from the attackof heart
disease and was under the care of ply
sicians constantly
On Friday morning he rose at the
usual hour and joined the family at
breakfast He then said he had spent
bad night, but felt better. He did not
think his condition at all dangerous.
Colonel Ingezsoll spent the morning
swinging in a hammock and sitting on
the yeranda with the members of the
family He said he was better and had
no pain. At 1870 he started to go up
stairs.
On reaching the head of the stairs
Colonel IngersoI turned into his wife's
room. Mrs. Ingersoll was there. To-
gether they discussed what they would
have for luncheon, and Colonel Inger-
soil said he had better not eat much
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1899-07-27

Trenton, July 24.--WIiDur naeu, d
15-year-old Trenton boy, had thrill
ing experience with burglar at the
home of his uncle, Charles A. Reed
at Reeds Mills, between this city and
Pennington. on Satul lay The burglar,
who apparently was a tramp. had en-
tered the house and gas packing some
silverware when yorAg Reed entered
The burglar fred at he boy, but the
shot missed, and the boy ran into an
other room, where HI secured a shot
gun. He returned and fired at the
tramp, hitting him The tramp made
his escape through q window and was
followed by the boy and some neigh
bors who had been attracted by the
shooting. The tramp was not cap
tured, but he left a trail Of blood in
his wake.
Rutherford N. j., July 26 Coroner
Collins, of this place, went to Lodi yes
terday and empanelled a jury in the
case of Mrs. Jane Mann, who was
found dead in her home at Lodi. The
coroner adjourned the inquest until
tonight at 8 O'Clock. Philip Mann, son
of the woman, is in Hackensack Jail
waiting the result of the coroner's in
vestigation. Coroner Collins said last
night that from what he could learn
Mrs Mann was brutally kicked by
Philip, that she was left for two
or three days lying in a helpless con
ditiOn without any attendance, and
died in this way Mrs. Mann was 50
years of age. Philip is A years old,
and had been living with his aged
mother He has served a term in the
state prison at Trenton for causing the
death of man. He says his mother
was injured by falling down stairs.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1899-07-27
DELIGHTFUL VACATION TRIP.
TOUR TO THE NORTH VIA PENNsYLVANI.
RATTP0An

TOUR TO THE NORTH VIA PENNSYLVANIA
RAILROAD.
Visiting Niagara Falls, Toronto. Thou
sand Islands, Quebec, Montreal, Au Sable
Chasm, Lake Cnamplain aud Lake George,
Saratoga, and the Highlands of the Hud-
son. Leave Philadelphia by special train
August II The tour will be in charge
of one of the company's experience tours t
agents. and chaperon, having special
charge OF unescorted ladies, will also ac-
company the party.
the rate of 800 from New York, Brook
Ign, Newark, Trenton, Philadelphia, Har-
risburg, Baltimore and Washington covers
railway and boat fare for the entire round
trip, parlOr-car seats, meals en- route, hotel
entertai ment, transfer charges, and car
cisge hire.
For detailed itinerary, tickets, or any
additional information, address Tourist
Agent, Pennsylvania Railroad Company,
1876 Broadway, New York Ticket Agent,
$50 Fulton Street, Brooklyn; 7S9 Broad
Street, Newark, N. j.; or Geo. w. Boyd,
Assistant General Passenger Agent. Broad
Street Station, Philadelphia. 1877 99-2t.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1899-07-27

THE LATE r. G. INGERSOLL.
owing to the trouble with his stomach.
He seemed in good spirits then. After
talking for few minutes Colonel In
gersoll crossed the room and sat down
in a rocking chair. He leaned his head
upon his hand, which rested upon the
back of the chair. Mrs. Ingersoll asked
him how he was feeling and he re-
piled: tOh, better.
These were his last words A second
after they were uttered he was dead
Death came to him as he had recsntly
expressed desire it should.
Mr. Ingersoll died a comparatively
poor man. There is, it is said, an insur-
ance of 10000 on his life; that is all
Yet the great agnostic made from $780,
900 to 100000 a year every year since
the war What he did not spend on his
family he gave away.
Simple funeral sevices were held at
Mr.. Ingersoll' summer home at O'Clock
Tuesday afternoon. Less than half
a hundred personal friends were pres
emit. DIR. John Clark Ridpath, for many
years a close personal friend of Colo
mel Ingersoll read the poem written by
Mr.. IngersoIl entitled Declaration Of
the Free. Major 0. J. Smith, another
close personal friend, read Colonel In
gersoll's my Religion, and Dr. John
Elliott, of New York, read the funeral
Grafton delivered by the orator over
his brothers dead body.
Colonel Ingersoll's body was Gre
mated at Fresh Pond, L. L., today. The
incineration was strictly private The
ashes were brought back to the Dobbs
Ferry home in an urn selected by
George Grey Bernard. the sculptor
Robert g. Ingersoll was born at
Dresden, N. Y, Aug. II, 1888, and was
the son of Presbyterian minister
Early in the forties the Ingersolls
moved to Wisconsin and later to Illi-
nois. He studied law in the Office of
his brother, Eben G. Ingersoll, at
Shawneetown, and when of age was
admitted to the bar Both were DEM
ocrats. Eben was elected to congress,
and it was Roberts ambition to be-
come a congressman. Moving to Pc
oria. he received Democratic nominal
ton in a strong Republican district,
and was defeated. He never ran for
Office again. When the civil war broke
out he went out as colonel of vol
unteer regiment. and made an enviable
reputation as a soldier. His national
reputation as an orator came with his
famous nominating speech in which
James G. Blaine was first called the
''Plumed Knight Afterward he lee
tured on the Bible all over the coun-
try. In 1877 he declined the post of
United States minister to Germany.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1899-07-27

When Admiral Dewey arrived at Trieste
he asked what progress was being made to
negotiate peace with Aguinaldo Upon
being told of the report that the Filipino
leader was again showing disposition TO
make peace be SAID: am glad TO hear
it. believe that peace can be made with
the insurgents long before the rainy season
is over. l think that Aguinsldo reall;
wants to end the hopeless struggle, and
that the war will close before Wine-
weather comes" The Admiral knows
Agninaldo we'll, and if he had remained 10
authority at Manila. with power to assure
the people that they should have self gov
eminent, there would have been no trouble
in the Philippines. Admiral Dewey has
also expressed the opinion that General
Lawton should have command of the
army there, apparently presuming that
General Oils would be superseded as
matter of course This is what military
and naval men throughout the world
expect.
Gloucester County Democrat. (Woodbury, N.J.) 1878-1932, 1899-07-27
The National Committee.

The sensational papers were flooded for
days before the Chicago gathering with ac-
counts of the extraordinary things that
would be attempted at the meeting of the
Democratic National Committee last week
but none of them materialized. The COM
mittee had nothing TO do and did it-tbat
is, nothing of consequence relating to the
convention, the platform and the candidates
of next year. A few unimportant details
10 the way of organization were perfected,
and that was the single reason for calling
composing the National Committee are
Democrats of experience and standing in
their respes tive States and have at heart
the best interests of the party, it was an
insult to their common sense to asseverate
that they would attempt rash experiments
in any manner seeking to influence the inn
portant political action which of necessity
must take place next year. national
convention of either of the great parties
cOntesting the field of politics in this coun-
try is one of the grandest occasions of
American organization and collective ex
preston. Belittle it as the croakers may,
who belittle every honest endeavor in
politics, national convention is more
thoroughly representative of the popular
will than any other gathering known to
our system. 1t is composed of about a
thousand delegates chosen by State and
district conventions, representing every
Congressional district and in some Of the
States almost every county.
No better plan has yet been devised to
ascertain the Judgment of a party as to
who its candidates shall be and on what
platform of principles the battle shall be
made. Since the first Democratic National
Convention met at Baltimore, in 1882.
simply to nominate candidate for Vice
President as the running mate of Andrew
Jackson. the national conventions of the
party have been of historic importance,
determining great questions of govern
menta policy. The system may not be
perfect. but it is the best that has been
attained for getting at what the people
want in the way of candidates and plat
form. 1t is infinitely superior in every re-
spect to the method in vogue before the
era of national conventions of having the
nationrI nominations made by caucus of
Congressman or on the initiative of State
Legislatures. Next Winter the Democratic
National Committee will meet again to
perform its most important duty in naming
the.time and place of holding the National
Convention and making arrangements for
the meeting of that body in some one OF
the cities of the country that will compete
for the distinction The committee will
name the temporary officers of the conven-
ton, and with that its functions will cease.
as the delegates will call into existence
another National Committee.
Paterson Guardian.