The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-03-12
IT
Agricultural Regions of the Worlds Great
Ci~ties-Ancient Rome's Population.

Agricultural Regions of the Worlds Great
Rome's Population.
London. Paris. Berlin and Vienna are so
centrally situated that railroads and also high
ways thronged with market wagons enter
them from all sides. The result 10 that their
population has spread out along these lines Of
communication. Single streets may extend for
miles beyond the main body OF the city. The
frontage on the streets may be solidly built up.
but often the open country spreads away on
either side OF them. The outline OF these cities
Is therefore roughly circular or square. with
many legs or arms extending in all directions
from the main city. Often these extensions are
wide. several streets running parallel with the
main highway. and frequently there Is a de-
cided bulge in the narrow line OF settlement
where the once isolated villages stood on the
highway. They have now been united with the
city by continuous lines Of houses.
1t Is by drawing a line around the outer
limits of these narrow extensions that English
men circumscribe the total area they call
Greater London. which means London and its
suburbs. adding a population OF nearly two
millions to that OF London county and extend
ing the metropolis far into Hartford and Essex
on the north and into Surrey and Kent on the
south. Thus Greater London had a population
in 1897 Of 1885,. 900. and was one OF the great
OBJ ClVi6b III mo WOTlu IN area az well as inc
greatest In population. and Greater London as
well as New FORK city includes a large area de-
voted TO farms and market gardens,
Such arms OF the city extend along fifteen Of
the roads leading into Vienna. and they have
had the effect to nearly double the area now in
cluded within the city limits. In 1891 the sec
ond enlargement OF the limits occurred. and it
was high time. for the city had spread far be-
yond the borders fixed In 1858. The author-
ties decided to give the city ample room to
grow within her own domain for many years to
come. and so they ran the new boundary be-
yond the furthest extension of these settled
streets. So II happens that Vienna. as we'll as
Greater London, New York and Chicago. Is
abba to carry on market gardening and other
rural pursuits on a large scale within her own
limits. These extensions OF the settled area
give the four leading cities OF Europe n far
more Irregular outline than that OF any other of
the great cities. The limits OF New York. Phil
adelphia and Chicago are mostly straight lines,
except where water forms the boundary,
Among the large cities OF the world Pekin has
the least irreRularity OF outline. and the fact
that It remains cramped within the rectalinear
city walls is sufficient proof OF the stagnation
OF business and the lack OF enterprise In the
Chinese capital, which has scarcely half the
population ola century ago. ard displays
every symptom OF decay.
A few years ago tho authorities of Vienna
put a lot OF surveyors at work making SURVEYS
and measurements. from which have been
deduced some statistics that are particu-
larry interesting. because they show the exact
uses to which all the ground within the limits
OF a great city has been devoted. In view OF
the large addition to the city's area nine years
ago 1t 10 not surprising to learn that almost
exactly one-hali OF the entire surface is de-
voted TO agriculture. pasturago. fruit and
gardens. In addition to this. about
an eighth OF Vienna's area is timber land
under private ownership.
All the buildings OF Vienna, with their door
yards and backwards, II they have any. occupy
an area not quite 80 large as that OF the timber
or a little less than an eighth Of the whole
surface. This means that II we eliminate the |
sparsely peopled part OF Vienna about one
OF the surface Of the main city is occu- |
pied by buildings and the inclosed spaces |
around them. Streets and alleys are large con.
sumner OF space. and occupy exactly ono
twelfth Of the whole city. To the parks and
public grounds OF Vienna inst about o~ne-nina-
teenth OF the area Is devoted, a larger pronor-
lion than is given 10 these popular resorts
In most cltiss. About one-thlrtleth of tha
area Is given to wine gardens, which "a
lust double the space devoted TO churchyar ds.
When we compare a map OF C~onstantlnople
With maps on the same scale OF other largo
sitioS We do not need TO be told that the capitaI /
d Turkey IL Srotehedly ovsrOroWded. ContI
'ssnunopie has . population 100000 and vat