davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-06-03
Pneumonia in Fowls.
Synonyms.-Lung fever, winter few

Synonyms.-Lung fever, winter few
er.
Definition. = An acute infectious
croupous Inflammation of the air cells
of the lungs. -F$ +. d. r..
= Causes.-It is an infective disease
caused by it's own special germ, which
needs only certain conditions to devel-
op. These conditions are exposure to
cold and damp, sudden changes, in
weather, coddling fowls, combining
them closely for fear that they will
get cold; in fact, anything that rem
ders fowl tender. All these. things
make the bird an easy prey to the
pneumonia germ. Brooder chicks too
closely confined in warm breeders are
very liable to pneumonia. Dr.. SAM
born fathers the opinion that the open
front-scratching shed plan OF housing
will do more to prevent pneumonia
than medicine will to cure 1t; and
he will find many who have had ex-
perience with poultry diseases agree
with him. sEs Il
symptoms Breathing very labored;
every expiration ends In 2 grunting
8 . II II
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-06-03
New jersey Milk.

Secretary Franklin Dye, of the New
Jersey State Board of Agriculture,
thinks that the farmers of New Jer-
sey are giving too much attention to
the production of milk for the New
York market, says the Rural New
Yorker. This, he says, was once
profitable work, but prices of milk in
the large cities have fallen too low. He
thinks the competition in the cities has
brought down the wholesale price in
the markets to about what the farmer
should be paid. The wholesaler has
not borne the loss, but has thrown
1t back on the farmer. The price of
cows has gone up, while the cost of
breeding them has not fallen in pro-
portion to the decrease of the price of
milk. Mr.. Dye thinks that, in many
parts of New Jersey, sheep would be
more profitable than mich COWS, and
if the price of wheat remain where it
is, that grain would pay better on
many dairy farms. Mr.. Dye advocates
the formation of producers and con-
sumers' leagues, near cities. The city
members should be served by the
country members with the products of
the farm at fair profit to the farmer;
the city members should sell the farm
ers what they need. Mr.. Dye says
there are 10000 farms in New Jersey,
valued at 1eo,o0o,0oo; the machinery
and tools of these farms are worth not
less than 100000, and there are
over 100000 voters in New Jersey en-
gagged in farming as business.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-06-03
Cause Of Winter Killing.

Some thirty years ago I wrote an
article on "Orcharding in Wisconsin,"
It was given as my opinion in that ar
ticle that the very extreme and long
continued cold of some OF our winters
was the principal cause of injury, and
now after the lapse Of more than a
quarter Of a century, carefully noting
the effect OF the extremes we have
passed, I am still Of that opinion,
says A. G.. Tuttle In wisconsin Hor-
ticulturist." Every cold winter when
we have had many days in succession
of very extreme cold, and when on
some Of these days the mercury did not
rise above twenty below zero at mid
day, have always found injury soon
to follow. In every case the extreme
cold winters have been those most de-
structive. II we place foliage plant
in the open air with the thermometer
ct zero, It Is soon killed and We do
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-06-03

not hesitate TO say It froze 70 6eath.
The Baldwin, Greening or Spitxenberg
apple kills In q dry atmosphere with
about the same degree Of cold that de-
stroys the peach. That our trees freeze
to death / have not the least doubt.
but why one kills and another does
not, Is something don't understand
and probably never shall. IL: .ssSs &
Prof. Budd claims that trees freeze
to death by the expansion Of the sap
cells caused BY severe freezing. This
is an old theory and one could never
accept. That portion of the tree con-
tanning the sap vessels is as easily
frozen as q potato. and I can see no
reason why the sap should not be as
thoroughly frozen and expanded with
the Thermometer at zero as at thirty
or forty below, and yet with the mer-
curry at zero we suffer no injury. It
Is not necessary for us to be able to
explain why one variety kills and an
other does not; the fact is all that is
necessary for us to know until we are
able to go back in creation to the great
first cause and explain the phenomena
OF its existence. We shall find many
mysteries in nature we cannot solve.
Science can only reveal to us a few
faint glimmerings Of that effulgent
light that shines beyond the reach of
human vision. Only in another state
of existence, if ever, shall we be able
to comprehend the wonderful myster-
les that nature withholds from us here.
Let US accept the facts as they pre-
sent themselves rather than adopt a
theory and spend all our energies to
make facts conform to it. made a
thorough examination of my shrubs
and vines the first day they were thaw-
ed after the severe cold; the injury was
as apparent then as it was month
afterwards. The evidence was as con-
elusive to me that they had frozen to
death as it would have been had I
found a person who had persisted in
Dakota blizzard. I would as soon
have entertained the idea that the per-
son died of sunstroke or fever as that
thawing killed the trees. Vines,
shrubs and small fruits can be pro-
tected, but our ochard fruits should be
sufficiently hardy to Withstand any
amount of cold We may be liable to
have.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-06-03

sound. Fowl shows no disposition to
move, and seems to give all its ener-
g1es to an effort to breathe. Birds
position peculiar to the disease, usu-
ally is half-squatting, half-standing
position, with wings dropped and held
away from the body, neck stretched,
mouth open, and painting for breath.
II ear is held close to the i chest a
cracking noise not unlike the sound
OF crumpling parchment will be heard.
observation-disclosures the bird to
warm quarters where the tempera-
ture will not go below, nor much above,
65 degrees F. If the atmosphere can
be kept moist with steam, so much the
better. Give every three hours one
tenth OF five grain antikamnia pow
der. The powder may be made into
pill with bread crumbs. In the drink
ing water use ten drops tincture of
bryonia in eight ounces of water. If
the bird will not drink, give a tea
spoonful Of this every few hours in a
little raw egg and milk. Feed moth
ing but egg and milk until breathing
becomes easier. No solid food for at
least forty-eight hours. AS fowl re-
covers, gradually harden it to cooler
temperature, and do not return it to,
the flock until it is strong and able to
stand temperature Of the poultry house.
Bird will need some tonic while con-
valescing; as before mentioned, there
is nothing better than compound syr-
up Of hypophosphites for this purpose.
DIR. Woods in Farm Poultry.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-06-03
D All R AND POULTRY ,l.]|
INTERESTING CHAPTERS FOR
n. ss OUR RURAL READERS. j.. !
How Successful Farmers Operate This
3D'epartment of the Farm-A Few
Hints ~ to the Care of Live Stock
and Poultry. ~ ~.ft'
Sell Mill or Cream1

Inc question is the profit in milk at
&c per Qt. or cream at zoe per qt., and
the sk1m-milk to be fed to calves and
PIGS. 70 decide such proposition as
tnls, writes contributor to Country
Gentleman, it is necessary to take into
consideration several things that do
no appear on the surface. With milk
at &C per at. we have a very plain case,
winch is simply the matter of receiving
certain amount Of a commodity. But
with the question of selling cream at
zOc per ct. and the added value of the
sklm-m1lk, we are confronted with
quite a complicated problem of values.
before one could accurately get the
number OF quarts OF cream in 100
quarts OF milk-which a computation
OF values demands-it would first be
necessary to know just what the per-
centage OF the cream is; Cream be-
ing somewhat indefinite term. But
we can form basis Of calculation on
the average cream put on the market,
which is in the ratio Of one quart of
cream from six quarts Of milk. The
SIX quarts of milk would be worth 24c,
and the one quart of cream zoe. But
10 this zoe must be added the value of
the sklm-milk, which from the expert
hents OF some years has been proved
10 nave value of, at the lowest figure,
.oc per 100 pounds. This is it's value
simply for feeding, that is for what it
Will make in pounds of pork or growth
II calves, and does not take into con-
'1deration the manurial value. From
experiments made at various times,
the value in fertility of skim-milk has
been fixed at 81 per ton. This value
perhaps, by skillful and judicious
handling, and if the manure is used
as a component part with other fer
tilizers, may be increased. After sew
eral years of experience in feeding
skim-milk, the writer has found that
II used for feeding to cows, it's value
is nearly double what it is If fed to
calves or pigs.
But aside from the comparison of
values of milk at &c and cream at zoe
and the feeding of skim milk, comes in
the question of cost of labor and out
fit necessary in the two plans. This is
a consideration that does not appear
in the present proposition. Here then
will be the figures from the two plans
proposed: One hundred quarts of milk
at &c per quart will amount to 81; from
this, at ratio of one quart of cream
from six quarts Of milk, we have 16 2-3
quarts OF cream, which at zoe per
quart would amount to 1888 1-3 TAX
ing this quantity of cream from the
200 ID. of milk Goo quarts or approx
imately that amount), we have 1865 2-3
lb. of skim milk, which, at 10c per hum
dred pounds, would make about TIC to
add to value of cream, which will make
$3.50 2-3. This is the comparison of
values, without computing the manur-
ial value of the skim-milk, which is at
best an indefinite matter, and can be
estimated on basis of about 68 per
cent of it's value being retained in the
weddings of animals to which it may
have been fed.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-06-03
Failures In Poultry Raising.

Water seeks it's level" is a we'll
known law Of physics. The same law
applies to all kinds of business that
are open to general competition. Prof.
it's seek their level. Therefore the
poultry business has had it's profits
reduced to a point where they have
become problematical, just as in every
other business the profits have been re-
duced to point where they are prob
lematical. Were it not so there would
be a great rush into the poultry BUSH
ness, men preferring sure to doubtful
profits. So, in looking over the poul-
try field, we must expect to find both
successes and failures. Probably there
is no branch of farming that is more
delusive than that Of poultry raising.
It appeals to the sanguine in tempera-
ment. 1t is very easy to figure out i'm
mense wealth from a certain procedure.
This is why SO many men have taken
their little capital and invested it in
the poultry business, only to find, at
the end of few years, that their capt.
tai has vanished, and that their bust
ness has not been established on
paying basis. A man must move eau
tiously and slowly to be safe. He must
resist the temptation to cut loose from
some other business till he has found
out for certainty that he knows how
to manage poultry and secure the prof
it's from his fowls. There are great
possibilities in the poultry business,
but they are not dead sure of reali-
cation. Brains as we'll as money and
experience are required for success.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-06-03
inproving Seed.

~ Improving SeoUs
The Journal sees no reason why
seeds cannot be improved by careful
selection and cultivation just as
horses and cattle can be improved BY
1udiciously selecting and mating the
parent animals and properly caring for
their offspring, says Texas Stock and
Farm Journal. The Kansas Expert
ment Station is continuing an expert
ment on the station farm for the i'm
provement Of corn and have shown
that the yield can be very much in
creased by breeding and selecting the
seed. The men engaged in the test
hope, also, to improve the feeding
value Of corn by making it more nitro
genous They find that some grains
have more than the average percent
age of protein, and hope by the selec-
ton of these to produce grain that
will have more than the average flesh
producing quality. OF course the or
binary farmer has not the trained skill
nor the equipment to successfully or
scientifically conduct experiments on
such lines, but itseems to have passed
beyond question that yield and quail
ity can be increased very much simply
by planting the very best seed and
giving the seed crop just the kind and
amount of cultivation that is re-
CURED. Such methods might profit
ably be applied to other than corn
crops. They would give the same ad-
vantage in the garden as in the field.
As to some plants climate might have
such effect as to cause degeneracy in
spite Of the best efforts, making it ad-
visable to buy each year seed that have
grown under all conditions favor
able to them, but the Journal thinks
there are few products of either field
or garden Of which this is true.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-06-03
FARM I AND GARDEN.
MATTERS OF INTEREST TO
II AGRlCULTURIsTS.
EomeUp-to-Dates Hints About Gull
tivation Of the Soil and Yields
Observation-Disclosures, viticulturs and
E1oriculture. "a b
What Variety of Potatoes.

NJ - "nSG V8rloCy OF TOG8GOebs ~
Some time ago farmer sold the
writer ten bushels OF potatoes which
were contracted for before the pota-
toes were dug. They proved to be
= very small, but yet not SO small that
they could be refused. On investiga-
ton it was found that they were Of a
variety that is pretty we'll run out.
The farmer said that all of his neigh
bors that were growing this variety
complained that for several years they
had not been able to get more than half
crops. Now, while we do not believe
that potatoes run out OF necessity, yet
most of them are so carelessly handled
that they do run out after time: It
would therefore seem that every man
should watch his variety and see that
1t is not growing less productive. For
instance, If one variety will produce
200 bushels to the acre and another
only 100 bushels, it is evident that the
grower could much better afford to
pay good price for new seed than to
grow the old seed even if he got it
for nothing. The Michigan agricul-
tural college tries a great many va
r1eties and finds it advisable to dis
card hundreds of them, after testing
them for number of years. Their
rule is to discard all potatoes that will
not yield 100 bushels to the acre un-
der fair conditions.
Some Of these potatoes discarded
are presumably not old varieties, but
new ones that do not do well on that
particular soil. Some OF them might
be entirely suitable to other soils and
conditions. Readers of the Farmers
Review will remember the controversy
that took place few years ago in
these columns over the Freeman po-
tato. Some farmers reported magnif-
cent yields with it and others report
ed that it was with them a complete
failure. The facts were that In some
localities the soil and conditions fav-
ored it while in others the soil and
conditions were against it. There is
no general purpose potato any more
than there e 4 general purpose cow
or hen or horse. There are some va
rieties that are adapted to light sandy
soils and others that do well on
clay soil. The farmer that tries to
grow potato on the wrong soil must
expect financial loss. Care in select
ing varieties pays. It is mistake to
be carried away by, potato fad, as
much as it is mistake to be carried
away by any other kind of a fad.
What we call potato fad is for a COM
munity to get the idea that there is
only one kind of potato they must
grow and hang to it through thick and
thin, even though their soil may be
very adversely formed and construct
ed. Also a man that has newly drain
ed his farm may find that the potato
he grew on undrained land may not
prove the best on land SO constructed
that the moisture and air pass more
readily through it. Every farm must
to a certain extent be an experiment
station. A farmer must try a num-
Der of varieties before he can know
which one will do the best for him.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-06-03

Incubator chicks that are reared IL
brooder never haYs Kapes. BE-
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-06-03

Glover for Poultry.-I never knew
of case where too much cut clover
was fed to poultry, if it was properly
prepared, and that is to steam or boil
1t until soft and mix with ground feed;
two parts corn meal and one Of bran
is the best for winter rations. IN
stead Of using clear bran, 1 would mix
it with equal parts of bran and mid
dlings. believe the more clover and
whole grain the fowls have the better,
and if anything Is fed beside this, such
as table scraps, mix it with the soft
feed and ver.-Ohio Farmer.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-06-03

American Flows in Siberia. Our
plows are becoming quite popular in
Z Siberia, although as vet most Of the
$ploWs used there are manufactured in
Russia and Germany. 1t is only a
matter Of a decade or so when tho
Yankee subsoiler will be careerins
over the steppes Of Russia's prison
pen.Ex. .s. Il 5.:.. {
Rapid eating is one Of the worst evils
in young fowls. When wet meal is
thrown to them they gorge themselves
until surfeited and then die. zs#s &
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-06-03
Poultry Pasturage.

We should not lose sight Of the fact
that the hen requires pasturage as we'll
as the COW. She may not want as much
of it or be so entirely dependent on it,
but it is advantageous to provide her
with it to the extent OF her require
ments. A small patch of clover should
be provided if possible, or, if that is
not to be had, give her some blue
grass sod to work on. This will not
be found such an easy matter as it
may seem at first. The poultry pas
ture will have to be protected till the
plants composing it have got a good
start. If the hens are allowed access
to it as soon as the small blades start,
there will be little left of the pasture
worker and she will pick off the small
blades as they appear. There is hardly
quicker way to kill sod than to
turn the hens on it in the early spring,
unless the area Is so extensive that it
cannot be fed down.
Heredity in Fowls.-Just how much
is transmittible by heredity is still an
open question; but this much we do
know, that the tendency to disease and
the tendency to habit may be inherited.
Eggs from fowls constitutionally I'M
sound, never did and never will pro-
duce chicks that can resist disease, no
for. There is every reason to believe
that chicks which inherit sound con-
stitution and vigor, are with proper
handling practically immune from dis
ease. The normal fowl is healthy
fowl, born with the habit Of health in
herited from healthy ancestry. The
bright eye, red comb, smooth, bright,
well kept plumage, activity, and keen
appetite, indicate the healthy fowl.
Although the specimen may be in ap-
parent physical health, we must look
further, and make sure that there are
no deformities suggesting hereditary
faint. Also, we ought to make sure
that it possesses good practical quail
ties, such as the early maturing habit,
and the prolific habit, as well as the
habit Of health.-Ex.
Incubator Beats the Hens.-It is en-
tirely safe to say, friends, that good
incubator in the hands OF careful
person will beat the old hen, and the
same of the brooder. But you must
have place to use them in and do
quite a little business in this line to
make the investment profitable. II you
are only intending to set six or, eight
hens, you would better let them do the
work and bring up the Chickens. It
will not pay you to bother with the
matter. If you buy an incubator do
business enough to amount to some
thing. Where the chickens and eggs
can be disposed Of to advantage it is
a good business if well managed.-Ex-.
change. *.
Unripe Cheese.-At the last meeting
Of the Illinois State Dairymen's assoc
citation a cheesmaker said that his
cheese were always put on the market
at Is or 20 days old, as the public de-
handed it. Without doubt that is
true. but such cheese is nevertheless
Tar less digestible than cheese fully
lripened.
The Kimball graphic. (Kimball, Brule County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1905, 1899-06-10
The Rest Machinery

Needs oiling, cleaning and small re-
pairs to keep in perfect working order;
the human body needs repairs also, even
the strongest and healthiest one. A good
cleaning OF the blood and the whole body
is necessary and is the duty OF everybody
especially in the springtime.
SEVERA'S BLOOD PURIFIER
is purely vegetable preparation. atrue
and efficient purifier Of the blood, dellv-
ering the blood from all poisonous i'm
purities that have accumulated during
winter, strengthening the nerves and
the digestive organs. That ianguii
feeling, nervousness, loss Of ambition
and energy, impaired digestion, quickly
yield to the peer OF spring medicines
Seyere's Blood Purifier.
IS Price 81.
Severa's St. Gothard's s Oil gives to weak
and overwOrked muscles anu Joints, new
strength and elasticity. The best llni
ment for rheumatism.
Prlca so cents,
W. +. Seyera, Manufacturing Phar-
macist, Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
Severa's family remedies are to be had
at all druggists.
The Kimball graphic. (Kimball, Brule County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1905, 1899-06-10
THE KIMBALL GRAPHIC
cLATE R. TINAN.
Official Papsr Of the Cltyand County

Do you know what the city dads
should do nextp A travelling man or
visitor would say to get rid OF the un-
slightly hitching posts and rails on Main
street and put them where they are now
adays found in all we'll kept towns-on
the side streets leading to. Main. The
posts should be removed and placed
along both sides of First street and on
Second street between the opera house
and Walkers market, and If necessary
on Railroad street by Pazour's. The
whole business part Of town would look
fifty per cent better aud all hitched
teams be near enough to the stores as to
not Inconvenience those trading. The
posts and rails on Main street not only
present an unsightly appearance but it
is impossible to keep the street clean and
the manure Is a breeding spot for flies
in summer. and nastiness itself in wiz
ter. Chamberlain has never allowed
these posts on its business street and
most towns have done away with them
years ago. Rings could be stapled to the
sidewalks at convenient places, SO that
when necessary to hitch horse or team
on the street, 1t could be done.
The Kimball graphic. (Kimball, Brule County, Dakota [S.D.]) 1883-1905, 1899-06-10

t
Persons troubled with diarrhaa will be
interested in the experience of Mr.. w. NJ.
Bush, clerk of Hotel Dorranc, Providence,
r. l. He says: "For several years
have been almost q constant sufferer
from dlarrhea, the frequent attacks COM
pleteiy prost-atipg me and rendering
me unfit for my duties at this hotel.
About two years ago travelling sales
man kindly gave me a small bottle of
Chamberlain's Collie, Cholera and Diar-
rhea Remedy. Much to my surprise and
delight its effact was immediate. When
ever | felt the symptoms OF the disease
would fortify myself against the attack
with few doses of this valuable rem
edy. The result has been very satlsfac-
tory and almost complete rei II from tho
aflliction." For sale by i. E. Miller,
Druggist.