Daily independent. [volume] (Elko, Nev.) 188?-1915, 1899-02-17
Lines Establisbed Along the Routes
OF the Great Commerce B0AReFs
OF All Nations -LO0atl0n
Of the Ports.

ihe refitting of warships in the world
It will take two or three years yet for
carrying out the plans for extending
che ducks and other accommodation:
required Tor the repailiI OF naval YES
sells and to secure perfec; protection
from outward attack for the vast guam
'ttty of coal that is always kept in stock
at that great station. All the i'm
provcments are to cost about SIS 100000.
We hear most of ali rowadays about
the coaling stations that are Needed
for navies. They are. Of course, equally
essential for the merchant marine.
fhree-f"urths Of the worlds commerce
Is carried on steamships, and the whole
OF the power used by allnatons for the
defense of commerce depends upon the
use of coal. Without security Of the
seas there can be no security of com.
merce. and so there must be geograph-
teal security for coal:ng stations al.
around the world. This fact greatly
Impressed Great Britain. for it touches
her very existence. Look at her line
OF goverEmen coaling stations along
all the great trade routes.
Along the route to the orient: Glib
raltar. Malta. Alden, Bombay, Trim
gonzalez. Singapore, llong-Kong. AIon;
the east Atlantic coast: Sierra Leone
Ascension, ST. Helena. Cape Town. Mau
-itius. In Auslra.asian waters: Aus.
irala and New Zealand ports. Alon.
<he West Atlantic route: Halifax. Que
bee. Bermuda. ST. Lucia. N;rg*l, l. an
Falkland islands: and IN ;he nnrthras
tactic. Esquir?alt. After that ceros
It's Of coal on the east and west coast
OF Canada, South Africa. India ant.
Australasia. For Eai:cn whose com
!nerce is all round the WORLD. little moro
could be done TO make geographical.
unity complete.
In time Of peace coal can be be ugh
by any naval vessel ard the merchan
marine in most Of the ports ~ tn,
world. but not in all Of them. Coali
Kept as Il commodity at 231 ports # III
world outside Z: Europe. where every
port is coal G2EGt. and dealers. O,
course. are glad TO have buyers Lf con
I'D. r" lie quantities Ike the captains OF
Steamships come along. VI little island.
ike Nossi lie and Comoro. in he In
cian ocean, and Samoa and ihc Fiji is
lands in the Pacific. merchants keep
good supply OF coal on hand. an! rrac-
Ideally their only customers in these
tropical regions are passing vessels. AT
iheS2 out-of-thc-way places ship cap
tains buy only sufficient guam ~ to
carry them to port where coal is n
more generally used commodity for
dealers where there is little or T., COM
petition IN the article often chalge an
SXcrhitant price for it Coal IS now
Iold at such low figures in GU own
ports that most steamers in the Trans
atlantic trade usually coal on ih.s side
OF The ocean for the round trip. II
happens, therefore, sometimes that
"hen they are coming back 10 America
End are greatly delayed on lh way
her supply runs short. and we hear
'ow and then that they have beet COM
Yelled 10 put into Halifax for coal. Ex-
EcFI in the Pacific supplies OF coal are
aoW scattered so widely over the world
nat usually vessel requires OF, Il few
lays slow sailing or steamiEg ~ reach
-'i'r por, where it may rer.Cn,Sh it's
"un"crs. Suppose. for instance. that
tHc OF our steam whalers in the Arctic
liter Il season north Of Behring trait
should run short Of coal. Il has only tt
90 south as far as Unalaska. in tho
Neutian archipelago, to buy I'll ii
leeds.
Outside Of Europe coal is specially
'ept for sale TO steamers at cigh, ports
On the north coast Of Africa: nj IL ports
II West Africa, including the Cab.
verde islands and the Canaries: Il; l.:
Hor:s along the Gulf Of Mexico and tn,
caribbean sea; at "a ports of the IVES,
'ndies; at % Atlantic ports OF Nor'I.
tmerica as far south as the Gulf o.
Mexico; at five islands Of the Atlantic:
At nine ports Of East Africa; at IL port,
II South Asia; NJ six islands Of tn
India ocean; at &c ports Of the Fast Ir
s5es and Philippines; at II parts of TN
East Asian coast; at five ports Of japan
Sachalin and Kamptchatka: 1t te,
ports OF Australia; at seven rorts g.
New Zealand; at 10 ports or tn, ves,o
North America: at ten ports ON III.
LynAt nf Sauth ATnor;co. "a, n z..,..,