The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-08-20

young prince at Cairo, and after his descent had
been formally proved before the Chief KaLi he
was acknowledged Caliph, under tho title OF
hl-Musanslr b'llah Thus was recstablished
al Cairo the Abbastd Calipha,e. Thenceforh,
II was purely spiritual office In the first quarter
, Of the sixteenth century, Sultan Sclim the Os.
manl conqueror Of Egypt, obtained renuncia-
ton Of the Office in his favor from the last Abbasid
Caiph Since then, the Osmanli sovereigns have
assumed the title Of Caliph, and have been recog.
nizcd by the bulk of the Sunni world as their
legitimate ponufrs
II is In the twentieth chapter that the auther
discusses the CrusadesL After pointing out that,
In European history, the Crusades are invested
with the halo OF romance. and that every knight
soldier eng aged in them is described the beau
ideal OF chivalry, he says: 1T shall be my duty
IN the interest Of truth 10 raise the veil from the
true picture and to reveal the ghastiness of these
wars the cruel, savage and treachcrous charac-
ter Of those who engaged in them and the dire
miseres they inflicted upon Western Asia" The
fact is recalled that ever since the establishment
OF the lslamic power, the Christians in Syria and
elsewhere had enjoyed the utmost tolerat!ou they
had been protected in the practice Of their religion
and in the enjoyment Of their civil rights and
privileges. They were allowed TO move freely
about the Empire,to hold communication with
princes Of their own creed in foreign countries and
to acquire lands and property under the same
conditions the Moslcms acquired them. Even
public Offices excepting under some tyrannical
governors, were open to them equally with the
Moslems. Christian converts and churches exist
cd everywhere, and Christian pilgrims from the
most distant parts OF Europe were permitted to
enter Palestine without hndrance. In fact. pill
Grimage to the Holy Land had been stimulated
rather than suppressed by the Arab conquest, and
the Saraocns contcntcd themselves with main
taining order among the rival sects oil Chrls-
tianity, which. otherwise. would have torn each
other to pieces in the very sepulchre they pro-
fessed to worship. In Jerusalem which was re-
garded as holy by the followers oil Islam, as we'll
as by Christians Especial quarter was set apart ior
the Patriarch and his clergy, which was inViol-
able on the part OF the Moslem When In BOB
A. d., Palestine and Syria passed into inc hands
oil the Fatmid Cahphs oil bgypt, 'ne pohuoai
change was to the advantage oil the CHRISTIANS.
for the liberal minded descendants oil Mohammed
encouraged Christian trade and patronized the
followers OF Christ No amount oil liberation.
however, could concilia6 the ianatcs, VINO looked
upon the presence oil the Moslems IN Jerusalem
as an abomination- The pilgrims came 10 INC
Holy Land under the protection OF the Saracen'
and, while there. they enjoyed oaracenic hospi-
taity, yet they carried away IN thelr hear's DIV
ter luminosity. Toward the end oil the tcn'h cen
fury, the Millennium was believed 10 De az hahd
Enormous crowds from the Latin Worid began 10
pour into the Holy Land; In the eleventh century
they Increased to an appalling extent In the lat
ter half OF the century Just named faiesnne came
temporarily into the possession oil inc Iurkoman
family OF Ortok, who acknowledged OUT lax ooeo-
fence to the Seliukian temporal sovereign at bag
dad, or TO his Syrian feudatories The great influx
Of strangers and their furious zeal were uninteli-
gible to the rude Turkomans, and the pilgnms were
occasionally exposed to iiitreatment ana rod
berry, Just as Moslem pilgrims In the pfeseh' "a!
are often robbed and iltreated by their Mosem
brothers OF the desert According 10 the author
OF this book, however the tales oil iiitreatment
were grossly exaggerated. AS to the host oil
Crusaders led by Peter the Hermit, who, It Will
be remembered, were not admitted 10 CONSTANT
nople, but were quickly shipped across the Dos
porus by AleHius Comnenus, we are told that in
Asia Minor they committed crimes which made
nature shudder They killed children at the
breast scattered their limbs in the air and carried
their ravagcs to the walls OF Nice Here the Sci
juk Sultan Of lconium attacked them with $4,000
men Their leader Reginald, with some COM
panions embraced Islam. The rest were exer-
minated. Not only Arabic authorities but Won
Sybcl, Mills and other Christian writers aver
that at the Siege Of Antioch by Godfrey OF Bouil-
lon, when provisions became scarce, the soldiers
OF the Cross resorted 10 cannibalism. Mutilation
Of the dead was INDUCED in by the Crusaders as a
sport The heads of 1000 Turks who fell in a
sortie from Antioch were cut of; some were ex-
hibited as trophies Others were fixed on stakes
around the camp and others were shot into the
town On another occasion, the Crusaders drag
ged the corpses OF the Saracens from their sepul-
chres, and exposed 1900 heads The Crusad-
crs before Antioch were guilty not only OF the
grosscst brutality, but also OF the viest lechery.
One Christian historian remarks that Seldom
does the history OF profane wars display such
scenes OF intenipcrance and debauchery;" and
Michaud says, IF contemporary accounts are to
be credited all the vices of the infamous Babylon
prevailed among the liberators of Zion" The
capture of Antioch was followed by a frightful
butchcry. The dignity OF age" says Mills
"the helplcssness OF youth and the beauty of the
weaker were dsregarded by the Latin savages:
religious houses were no sanctuares and the sight
of a mosque inflamed virulence 10 cruelty Every
habitation, from the marble palace to the meanest
howell was turned into a shamble; the narrow