The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-11-26

which could be mined more cheaply than her
own and were better adapted to the direct processes
Of steel making Then began another march
II the iron Industries westward, when IS yet
Minnesota and Wisconsin. along Lake SupcrioI's
shores had been known since 1883. but few would
have though, il those days that they sSnlI eyer yer
The entire country. In 1856 they produced only
1000 tons Of orc and in 1867, after the impetus
set niight again The furnaces Of New Jersey and
made the whole trip To- Albany on the Hudson
ablazc with the high lcapng James from ilt,
mace tops these fields were yielding, but 400, 900
tons Of ore. II was the railroads and steamships
which accomplished the seemingly Impossible,
ON the comparatively calm waters Of the great
lakes there had grown up a new vessel called
whalchack In her stern she carried her engines
bulk aud her decks were pierced vith many matches
for convenience Of loading ond unloading. Put
amid the hcaving suclls Of the ocean these YES.
sells work until they fairly cut themselves Ia pieces,
rivcts are severed by the thousands and they
become wrecks In siormlcss seas, but in th'r
own domain they are Incompatible With tall
piers where whole train loads OF orc can be- loaded
into them at once aud others at their ports OF
loading are provided, these great lake vessels
carry The products Of the Lake Superior mines
rates which have never before been app,oached.
on ~ amer c%nynS ,,',y oHd "i 1 y, to nv
hours aud unio,dcd in, SIS hours, and piece
Of coal no lnrgct than black walnut ant weigh.
ing only two thirds 81 on ounce, burned in he,
furnaces. carries ton Of freight mile at total
/ cost ~ one twentieth ~ cent
Al The AXE ports the railroads stood ready tu
p do their share and thanks 10 the heavier and
better rails and rolling stock. they could cary
the ore al cost 10 Themselves 81 not more uian
ing mil" Mills R"rpcie%f w wns bSsns n Mns and
building steamers and there was no lack of CAPT
tal 10 we'd uc ore and fu,l ~ To- build ic ptnduCl
In 1898 Michigan alone shipped li,ON,NO
tons " ore, aud close 10 the Lake pors there have
grown up, at Chicago and elsewhere, grea, iron
works which threat, soon 60 rval thos" of Penn
sylLana, Pcnnsll wanna, h3"cNr, easily KEEPS
her lead for iron and steel making her raw product
eompe,oTs wSrc 20" OHIO WITH ssG s5s tons; " I
nuis, With 1855 SOS tons and Naiamn with
G9a676 tors Virginia was next With Ss s ~
while New lcrs,,y wns ,hi,tc"rlh - thC lis, ~
nineteen. with lUt irO CSl tons III" develop
mcnt IN klatHmH was All new also since III" nd
| More linn 3 500 600 tons ~! steel were rolled
into forms in 1925 and the coke ovens of Connects
vile furnished ito ~ tons ~ coke tu tic fur
naccs. OF the Whole stc,o product oSl al
tons went into rails. If which III" trolley lines
exclusive 81 the wire nril industry. and for wire
and cut mats nearly iIn.N0tuns was uS'd. bridges
ana ' nnd as I n E "" wcr n rSd in ssH
~ the lattcr.urs industry new tu the country since
1890, took many tons. This IL III" Tin plate max.
irr, who's" output. all mad" un siC'l plates. cached
.Gpli boxes - loo pounds each in 1898. and
was worth ~ present prices more than S"OtOOeh
Tho steel wire nail * another ComraratIv"lv new
industry. Surh nails. made Of iron wite, had
been used for small work n Gcrmanv; ior many
years hut II NaS not unhl 1871 MAJ mr." oi ne
country at Covinrtun. Ky and set I" work In
I'll ls7i ih"S" mad" nothing hut cigar box nails
md lradS, Ut thcn they l"gan making larger
sizes, and in 1856 IN" output reached 600 900
kegs oi 100 rounds Nch. and N" ncNt wear $50 g..
ONO kegs o. year III" output II cut nails was
hut l5I2 POI kegs. while that Il wire nails was
{ TAls A. kegs
Steel shiphuildinr, in which thousands II tons
81 steel Htc used every ycrt. was l"gnn IN ms
country by the lamps IN 1871 when tlcy logan
g. hmld the PcnnsilNuu. ''l". Indiana and
b h-gAu building tho (ity o. Lang and the city
, ~ Toxic. also IN Tire Delaware, IN 1874. since
then more than huni'cd iron ur steel vessels
have bon butt in his country, not including
IL day new era is opening fer tie src,l trade
great industrial comlinarorS ~ which the motto
j. from min" Z" ,"nsGmr III" IDEA i,st"trd
tic Standard ull company, srd dn-"n :" every
practicable irm II &C., nomy lv competition 10th
already there Nv, been formed such comrani' d,
ns The F'G,rnl St"'I tomTanV. IL" AMERICAN
Steel and VIZ" n"mpnnt, H." Anp1't!ran I'm
tho United States cast Iron Pinr and Foundry
Company. The Virginia Il. y; Goal and Coke COM
| ranv. N" FmIirr Iron and Steel Company. the
/ American S'"'l Hoop t"minrv and III" Republic
/ Iron and S'c'I tunirhhy. ana NEAR Il" these are
" r Nws%SM ic q" G.f GomTsn% rS %n Sa
si,cts - t." steel and i',r D,mraui.s quoted
on ia" cSchHrr,- t"ori IN or, mt So" W"'Ln
| more \ number 4 thrs" like Me Federal steel
'onrany and tllc great ,arr'El" Ccni nation
. " " I,
~ ar" arpur'rr. u" min'S COL mincs, coke
ovens. STEAMERS, railroads. mills and every other
thing 10 nsh" good n,r n"''". wllic o,hct con-
CONS which male 'g''lal products are 50 closely
allied with tu" Producers 81 metal that they ar.
certain Of ,h"r position, lSon cyHmIc 10Th n
~ th"s'' works IL was reported recently that the
Prcss"d steel Car COMPANY he'd mad" Tong
contract under which II agreed iu take 10000
tons - steel monthly for q torn q wears or more
than The Who'll" output Of American furnaces M
Ia lS4i,
ihc most important cT.c, Of rcac great comb
nations must h" tu provide capital nrl stability
for th"ir operations ant g. tax, ndvHnag" Of the
out in MS mastery paper II 1850 IN winch h. made
it plain that England capacity for iron pro tue.
ton would soon h" uy"rtav"l and that the world
must turn % US Tor Tcci. that We could Law down
the materials fur tom ~ iron NJ the furnace with
country IN thr world, and that So long Ms this was
true. ne matter what prices were prevailing there
would hc profit N keeping to work producing
Measuring b. The r'a areas and iron ore be ng
equally abundant sas IN Great britain Mr.,
dIcc 5o,ooo.coo tons per annum with as lttlc
drain on lts natural resources as Great Britain
can produce 3 $40 OOO. and IN his connection II IS
. essential that % most important fact Ec noted
! have stated that t. rrEiuc" 35u0OD tons,
r'r"nt l'nan r"pulr"l me conSumnlion Of l5.'
uCuCO0 tors uf raw materials 90 about thirteen tons
To- each i,,r - iron. In the nii"h States. from,
the greater richness 81 tho ores and the moe gen.
| cral 81 anlh aCIt, coal the same result could
have been achieved with ~" iisr 81 less than halt
the quantity oi raw materials thus cconomizing
| lHhnr Va an enormous extent.
| Endowed with these moral and natural Gle
mcntS 10 mn extent unsurpassed "" the mos,
| favored nations 1t may well br demanded why
We ngr not tho largest producers ~ iron i'll the
world. why thr domestic iron trade is affected
with kind Of perpetual catnlepsy; why our iron
masters have hccn pcrpc,ually knocking al the
doors 81 Congress. either for relief or immunity
I from further legislation " Won will
examine carefully =" much ~ the diagram hS
covers the last thirty years, during which tim"
the cost ~ making iron has not much varied rCl
will observe that the extreme point 81 depression
flI nor
lean irunmaSt"rs do Mt continue moro than
ON" or Two years Vt such tunes the selling
| urCc IL below the cost 81 manufacture even IN
/ England But herein lies tine advantage II carl
tai The English irOnmHStcr is either rich enough
To hold his product for hrltcr prices can borrow
money on - at low rates while here the maker must
sell ~ n loss ~ close his works, either ~ which
is rlnn II tho American malrr could hold his
prnduc, h" knows hat rcmunrTaiivc prices can
not bc long deferred
EASSiSS WORST Prairie FIRE.
Thounhtlessly Set nv An Army Onicer who
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