davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1899-09-16
Cow Peas in til. Orchard.


CONDENSED from Farmers Review STEM
ographio Report of Illinois State Horti-
cultural Convention.)
Q.-Is it not an advantage to SOW
GOV peas in the orchard the fourth
year. and>then pasture 1t with hogs?
Mr.. Riehl-That practice is all right.
I do 1t, and think it is better than the
cultivation I give my orchard: l had
a peach orchard on a side hill that I
could, no longer cultivate, as 1t was
washing 50. So I put in COW peas and
let the hogs eat them. However. /
lost some trees from mice that got into
the COW peas. So the last season 1
moved the COW peas, hauled them of
and made them into hay.
Q.-Would you seed your peas to
grass after two years Of good cultiva-
ton?
A. w. stanton-I would not, but 1t
depends to a large extent on the kind
Of soil. The practice with us is to
cultivate only till the trees come into
bearing, and then stop. Keep the
weeds or grass moved down.
Mr.. Riehl-I think the question is
not asked right. We should not make
any hard and fast rule; we must get
at the principle Of what we are doing.
It has been said to cultivate your pears
till they come into bearing and then
rest your trees.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1899-09-16
Fertuizer. for Wheat.

The Ohio Station has been making
an interesting experiment on fertlllz-
ing wheat. TIE marked effect on the
growth of the wheat plant, which Is
usually observed after the application
of fertilizers carrying soluble phos-
phoric acid, such as acid phosphate or
dissolved. bone black, together with the
low price at which plain acid .phos-
pilates can be bought. as compared
with fertilizers containing nitrogen
and potash, have led many farmers to
the use Of this material alone, believ-
ing that they can supply sufficient
nitrogea by growing clover, and that
potash is not needed. The trials made
covering a period of years show con-
clusiyely that the clover is not fur
nishing sufficient nitrogen to meet the
demands of a full crop, and that it is
more economical to use a fertilizer
containing a small percentage of nitro
gen (anlmonia), ever though the cost
be somewhat increased, than to use
one which carries only phosphoric acid.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1899-09-16

check. The ladybirds or ladybugs are
by far the most important factors in
the destruction of plant lice, as both
the adults and young feed ravenousiy
upon them. There is a notion preva-
lent that ladybirds, in some way or
other, produce plant lice. Natural laws
will not permit such q state of affairs.
Like begets like in the insect world.
just as p%ersistently as 1t does in the
higher animals. The progeny of a
ladybird is always a ladybird like the
parent insect. The young Of a lady
bird. however. looks very different
from the adult. In fact, the young of
some species resemble minute alliga-
tors in general appearance, and are
gaily colored. They feed almost en-
tirely upon soft-bodied insects.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1899-09-16
summerlnr Pigs.

Let pigs run with the dam until
twelve weeks old. provided she is fed
literally with a warm, we'll balanced
ration Of shorts. oats, corn meal and
screenings, says Farm. Stock ana
Home. This last mentioned food for
hogs, of which the Northwest has an
immense bulk, is lost to the farmers
and being utilized by sheep feeders at
the Twin Cities and other central
points. To the above list Of foods add
a ration of oil meal, bran, and even
corn on the cob. Let the little pigs
also have access to whole oats. care
should be used SO as not to overleeo
the SOW. Once of her feed she WILL
fail to produce milk, and it is difficult
to restore good digestion and milk pro-
duction. The clover field must go hand
in hand with this good feeding, but on
stormy days they are much better
cared for in their pens with an u
dance Of freshly cut clover. BY July
there should be a field Of peas, where
the pigs will grow and do we'll. The
field Of peas is next in value to h
clover field. If not convenient to pas
ture the peas, then cut and feed to the
young pigs. To this method of feed
ing upon clover and peas, add regular
feeding hours for concentrated feed.
This is of vast Importance. Pigs
should not be allowed to stray all over
the farm. When confined at night In
w~ell-regulated stables and in well-lit-
tered yards, there is made a large re-
turn for food consumed. The pigs
should be promptly returned In the
morning to the pasture after feeding.
BY this method little If any manure is
lost, and a steady increase in the fer
tility of the soil will be the result.
BY such methods of feeding during
the summer and finishing or ripening
the animal on a mixed food of squash.
shorts, oats, peas, meal and corn. the
previous feeding of bulky clover and
peas will have distended their stom-
achs and put them in fine form to
ripen rapidly into the desirable hog.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1899-09-16

tain brooks. 1t is found in cold situa-
lions as far south as Virginia and
westward to Oregon and Washington.
It is even met with in Alaska. Its
poisonous properties are found in all
parts of the plant, seed. leaves and
root. 1t has been reported that chick
ems are frequently killed by eating the
seeds, and horses by eating the
leaves. But it is asserted that sheep
eat the leaves with relish and apparent
IMMUNITY. The root has been known to
kill people who ate it for something
else. One case is reported where a
family prepared the leaves for eating,
thinking them to be marsh marigolds.
The result was the poisoning of the
entire family. The poison acts by par
alyzing the heart.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1899-09-16
FARM AND GARDEN.
MATTERS OF INTEREST TO
AGRICULTURiSTS.
Some Up-to-Date Hints About Gull
tivation Of h Soil and Yields
Observation-Disclosures, viticulture and
Horticulture.
American False Heuebore.

In this column we illustrate a plant
known as American False Hellebore.
1t is one of the poisonous plants of the
United States. 1t is blessed with a
great variety Of names, as follows:
White h%ellebore. false hellebore, swamp
h%ellebore, Indian poke. meadow poke,
poke root Tin N. H.). Indian uncus,
puppet roots, earth gall, crow poison.
DEVILS bite, duckretter, itch weed,
bugbane, VOLTS bane, bear corn. 1t
grows from two to seven feet high and
has a .leshy root one to
three inches long. The leaves
are large and stemless and
of varying size. The flowers blossom
in a large yellowish-green cluster from
May to July. The plant is a native OF
this country. In New England 1t is
found in wet meadows and by noun
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1899-09-16
HER FRIEND SAID NO.

The manager threw hesmanuscrtpt,
down upon the table, tilted his chair,
thrust his hat a little further back on
his head, and gave two or three salts
fed puffs at his cigar.
We've got a winner there, Colby"
he announced decisively.
The stage manager took up the
manuscript and looked over the list
of characters.
Looks like tiff you get the right
people" he %assented; "but it calls for
a strong company"
"Oh, I won't spare expense! I'm
going to give it a production that will
make it the talk of London. It's SPLEEN
didly advertised already, you know!
The people are crazy over Crinton's
work, and this is the best thing he's
done. Surprising we could get the peo-
pie, how would you cast it,"
Beverly, of course, for Lord Roth
say, Norris for the heavy, Ellerton for
young Hal, Barry for Sir Jerry, Ben
ton Tor the low comedy, Mrs. Frisby
for the dowager, Cambridge for the earl
he's the best old man on the stage.
AS for the adventures" went on the
stage manager, checking of each name
rapidly as he spoke, "Lady-what's
her name?-I don't know a woman who
could beat Wallace in that role. She'd
be great!> Little Dellaboy would make
a good Kitty Darling-the part suits
her down to the grOund!'
The manager took his cigar from his
mouth, and gazed at it meditatively.
Don't let such a triae as the salary
list bother you," he commented briefly.
Colby stopped his checking to look
keenly at his chief. you've got to
have the best" he answered. II know
they're all high-priced, but it will pay
you to engage them"
"How about Lady Clare?" asked the
manager. you've mentioned nobody
foc that, and it's the star role of the
piece"
II don't know. I've been running that
over ever since l read the play and no.
body I've thought Of seems to equal it.
There's Maud Lester-she'd look the
part to perfection, and she's sympa-
thetic, but she hasn't the power. Helen
Dracy's got power and intelligence.
but she hasn't the looks. Can you
suggest anybody? The success OF the
piece depends on Lady Clare"
II know of only one woman who can
play it as it should be played, and has
the looks to go with it," said the man
ager. That's Edith Kingsley"
The stage manager shrugged his
shoulders.
Her d%eclination was very decided"
he remarked.
give known women to change their
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1899-09-16
CAN YOU ANSWER THAT ARGU-

CAN YOU ANSWER THAT ARGU-
MENT?
minds occasionally" said the man
ager, with flippant sarcasm.
"But she said her retirement was
inal-that she would never act again."
The manager bestowed a look of pity
on his subordinate.
kingsley had the world at her feet
when she married and retired two
years ago. She's had time to think it
over, my boy; the novelty of private
bliss must have worn off somewhat by
this time" =.
Colby gave another look at the
manuscript.
':If you can get her it's q success"
he said.
He had too much on his mind to en-
ter into the ethics Of the philosophy
Of a woman's change. of mind.
The manager gave another self-sat-
isfied puff at his cigar.
!'Ill see Kingsley today" he said.
Two hours later he was ushered into
the pretty drawing-room OF. a house in
a fashionable quarter of the city.
With his practiced eye he took in the
handsome surroundings, while the neat
maid carried his card to her mistress.
"she's got all the money she wants"
thought the manager; "but money
isn't everything to an ambitious
woman"
Something on a table near by at
tracted his attention. He went to it,
and took up a large tinted photograph
Of a beautiful, grave-eyed girl in
.Juliet's bridal robes.
"H'm!" he chuckled. "She hasn't
forgotten her old triumphs."
AS he put down the picture the mis-
tyess Of the house entered the room
and greeted him with outstretched
hand.
"How glad I am to see you. MI.
Hunt. Is this a social visit?"
With a keen. professional eye to ef-
feet he looked on the beautiful wonl-
an before him-on the queenly pose OF
the stately figure, OF the deep-set
flashing dark eyes, with their long
lashessS and perfectly curved brows; on
the straight, patrician nose. with its
thin. delicate nostrils: on the small
rad mouth. with its short upper lip
and its Cupid's bow: on the white.
resolute chin, cleft with g deep dim
ME: on the d~elicately clear cheek, with.
il faint ro~se-dush; on the soft walye
IL the masses. OF ve1vety black mar;
and the managerial heart within MIN
rose In revolt against this waste o.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1899-09-16
our Friend. tho Ladybur.

"Ladybug. ladybug. fy away home.''
Is . line familiar to most children who
are taught not to hurt the pretty bug.
a. she 10 friend cf the garden; and
this 10 strictly true. The ladybug does
great damage to insects which them
selves destroy the products OF the gar
dener's labor. Plant lice. for instance.
like most insects, have certain natural
enemies witch tend to keep them In
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1899-09-16

Bermuda Lilies in the South.-Sec-
rotary Wilson has sent large numbers
Of Bermuda lily bulbs into several
Of the. Southern states, with a view to
suppianting the Bermuda Easter trade.
which annually sends out Of the coun-'
try a large amount Of money. Mr..
Wilson expresses the belief that there
are sections Of the country, II they
can be found. as we'll adapted to the
culture Of this flower as is Bermuda
Ex. nt ~ /"
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1899-09-16

Names Apple C.op.-A year ago the
apple crop in Maine was one of the
smallest on record, but there is every
indication that 1t will be no larger,
even ii it is not smaller. this season.
The experts say that a large percentage
of the trees in most sections of the
state did not blossom and those that
did have been greatly injured by the
ravages Of the so-called tent cater
pillar, many orchards having been al
most entirely stripped of their leaves
by this pest.-Ex.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1899-09-16

Fighting Grasshoppers in Algeria
The state department has a letter in
dicating that Kansas is not the only
place where grasshoppers eat things.
In Algeria, it is stated, the standing
crops will be seriously damaged and
in some cases destroyed by the clouds
of grasshoppers moving in a northerly
direction. Ten thousand francs have
been appropriated for the first Z
penses incurred in fighting against the
invasion and steps have been taken to
secure r2O0, 900 francs additional for the
same purpose. Near Bisera $500
camels are being employed in the
transportation Of inf1ammable material
which is being burned where deposits
of eggs are found. In all parts of the
colony men are at work blowing up
eggs and destroying them.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1899-09-16

THE French government IL about 70
expand several million francs on the
coast dstenses Of New Caledonia.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1899-09-16

Heavy Pruning.-Heavy pruning OF
old trees will cause them to make
extra efforts to produce a heavy crop
for a few years, but it will be at the
cost of the trees. The wounds made
will never thoroughly heal; and even
if new wood grows over the cut you
will find a rotten place in the tree
which will continue to increase until
the tree dies. The first indication of
the trees decay will be a growth on
the body of the tree near the ground
of a toadstool-looking substance, which
will continue to increase even after
the tree is dead, and If there are any
large roots ear the surface it will
sometimes grow on them. Never cut
any wood from an old tree except dead
or broken limbs. Clean up all grass
and weeds during the winter or early
spring and burn them. 1t pays. for II
there are any apples in this neighbor-
hood you are sure to get them.-Rural
World.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1899-09-16

Italy Exporting Butter and Cheese.
According to the Italian trade returns
it appears that the quantity Of Italian
butter exported to Great Britain ih 1897
was about 1880 cwts. and Of cheese
AZ, 900 cwts. These commodities are
for the most part exported overland
through other countries, chiefly
through Belgium, and consequently the
annual. statements Of trade Of the
United Kingdom for. 1891 show only
1.349 cwts. of butter and 1892 cwts. Of
cheese as having been imported into
that country from Italy. The total ex-
ports Of fresh and salt butter from
italy in 1897 were SO, 600 cwts.. and Of
cheese ia. 400 cwts.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1899-09-16

Sheep Fecundity.-Two Of the most
remarkable cases of sheep fecundity
ever heard of have just occurred in
England. At Chesterlestreet, Durham
shire. q cross-bred eve dropped Z
lambs, all dead. The eve is doing
we'll. John Davis, Penlan, Wales, had
a mountain W drop 3 lambs on Mo-
vember 70. Of which two lived and
were sold for SIS. She had more on
May IL. Of which I are alive. Perhaps
there is no reliable record Of such fer
tility In any other country.-Ex.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1899-09-16
success Depends on Management.


When the market quality is consid-
cred we find many desire size, says
Poultry, Fruit and Garden. The best
breed for size a easily be named, but
1t is not the "best breed" however.
1t may have size. and yet lack quality
of flesh. and it may be of excellent
quality of flesh. full of juicy meat on
the breast, and not be large. 1t may
quickly fatten on a small amount Of
food, and be easily kept on a city lot,
and yet with all these points in its
favor it may be a very Indifferent
breed for laying. Some breeds can
give better results on corr than will
others, and some will fatten so readily
on corr that they will be rendered use
less as layers altogether, for there is
an art in feeding. and 1t is often the
case that the "best breed" depends on
thu "best man." for upon the manage
ment of the flock depends the results
expected.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1899-09-16

II you cannot do ~ns you like. learn
ID. like what you DO.
The Coeur d'Alene press. (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho) 1892-1907, 1899-09-23
Natural ca. Wei. RIM nrr

Ten years ago the daily capacity Of
the natura! gas wells in the Findlay
fO.) fields was 200, coo, COO feet. Now il
IS down to few million feet, and the
pressure is SO low that the supply is
almost useless. This year will mark
the passing of natural gas as fuel in
all OF northwestern Ohio. The big pipe
lines which carried gas TO Toledo, Tiff
fin, Sandusky, Norwalk and many
smaller places are fast being aba ndoued
and the pipes taken up. The pump sta.
tons OF the Northwestern Natural Gas
company are shut down. as are those Of
the city Of Toledo, which cost the NIL
nicipality Sl,5OO,O0O. The gas would
have lasted many years longer if in the
early years of it's discovery it had not
been wasted. The famous Krag we'll.
probablythe greatest gas producer ever
opened up, was allowed 10 burn uncon-
hned for months at time, millions OF
feet going TO waste daily. All through
the natural gas bolt, in the early DAYS Of
the craze, the streets were lit by great
torches. the flames from which some
times fiared up 30 feet into the air.
Chicago Tribune.
The Coeur d'Alene press. (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho) 1892-1907, 1899-09-23
Don't TObaeeO spit and ssoEs Yosr life Away.

To quit tobacco easily and forever. lie mar
u TIC. iul Of lie, nerve and yigor, take Eo-To-
bae' the wonder WORKER. that makes veal. men
strong. Al druggists, tOc or o.. Cure guaran.
teed Booklet and sample free. Address
STERLING Rsmedy Co. Chicago or New York
The Coeur d'Alene press. (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho) 1892-1907, 1899-09-23
LIGHTNING STRUCK TWICE.
Giant Cottonwood Tree In Hyde Park
Chicago, SUeeumbs to n See
Ond stroke.

Lightning never strikes twice in the
same spot, says an old saw, but there is
giant cottonwood in Hyde Park that
proves that there are exceptions 10 all
rules.
This tree stands on the south side
of Eifty-third street between Cornell
avenue and the Illinois Central tracks.
II is more than 40 years old and is one
OF the tree monarchs OF the neighbor-
hood. The late Judge John A. Jameson
built his home at the southwest cor
ner of Fifty-third street and Cornell
avenue in 1851. There was little or moth
ing in Hyde Park in thoss days; so little
that the suburban service Ct the ILL
noia Central was only one year old,
and there were only three trains q day
zach way. On the Fifty-third street
side he planted row of cottonwoods.
Cottouwoods grow rapidly and take
kindly 10 the sandy soil along the lake
shore. The row grew into great trees,
which in time came to be landmarks.
Ten years ago the largest Of these
great cottonwoods was struck BY light
ming. The bolt seemed to be in the
shape OF an enormous knife, for it sliced
of large strip of the trunk for 70
feet or more. Such a stroke would have
Killed less vigorous tree. But the
big cottonwood tree stood the blow
bravely, recovered and went on grow
ing. In time there was nothing but a
long brown scar to prove the visitation
Of the deadly blast from the skies.
y few days ago the lightning came
again. Before the bolt struck the leaves
Of the cottonwood were green and
glossy. Within an hour every leaf was
shriveled. Some of the leaves dried up
and became brown. Every sign of vital
lily had departed from the tree. The
giant cottonwood was dead.
Curiously enough, this time the bolt
left no mark. Ten years ago the light
ring left great wound in the trunk:
yet the tree lived. This time there is no
sign OF the smallest puncture; yet the
tree was instantly killed.-Chicago In
ter Ocean.
The Coeur d'Alene press. (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho) 1892-1907, 1899-09-23

The platform Of the Nebraska repub.
leans attempts to enlighten the people
by asserting that we have bad the single
gold standard since 1884. Such polit-
zeal rot Is known to he false By every
school boy in the land and is an effort
TO cover up the insincerity Of the party
on the question. 1t has now thrown
aside its hypocritical mask and for the
first time stands squarely upon a gold
standard platform. The pretense Of
favoring free silver coinage with the
consent of England has been dropped
and republican opposition to silver is
announced.
The Coeur d'Alene press. (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho) 1892-1907, 1899-09-23
CAN We TRUST the TRUSTS

There has been two trust conferences
during the past two weeks--one at Chi.
cage attended by leading men OF all po-
litieal ties. and one at st. Louis at
tended by the governors Of several states.
Both were supposed to be nonpartisan,
and were so conducted, and vet there
was an occasional political vitriolic Ut
terance or few ironical or sarcastic sen
fences injected into the speeches of sew
eral speakers. This is especially true Of
the governor Of Iowa, who was severely
criticized for his partisan bias and i'll
concealed leaning towards the trusts.
These conferences and discussions may
enlarge the scope OF information for
the public in general but otherwise no
good will result. The question must
will resolve itself intoa p litical ore
and il settled at all by legislation must
first pass through the uncertainties OF a
great political battle. The recent ut
terances Of Mark Hanna indicate that
he is preparing to marshal his forces for
~ saw bAC AtuSbSs his party
may adopt a sort OF an antitrust plat,
form, with trust meaning hidden away
in i.s phraseOl'gy AS it straddled the sill
yer question in the last national cam
plign and after election come out boldly
Tor the trusts as it has done in declar-
ing for the gold standard. 1t is unfor
tunate that all parties cannot unite to
crush the evil which most people ack-
nowledge is growing to gigantic proper
tons and will ultimately ruin the coun-
try il not checked; yet the speeches OF
leading republicans all have that COM
promising, coneiliatory tone which
shows leaning toward the great monop-
olies and clearly indicaes their position.
These who have examined the matter
find that it is farreaching in its effects.
1t not only results in monopoly OF the
staple articles of commerce and the fix
ing Of prices to suit the combine; but il
stiles competition, throws thousands OF
men out OF employ ment by the concen-
t.ated business management, and will
eventually become the absolute dictator
OF the wages Cf millions of workers. II
the employees OF one factory strike or
demand fair wages that factory will be
shut down and its output transferred to
another factory OF the trust, while the
workmen will be left to starve or seek
employment in other lines. Its friends
claim that it cheapsns articles of com
merce. yet every publisher knows tina,
the paper trust raised the price Of
its products 25 per cont; that the envel-
ope trust added 25 per cent. to the price
envelopes, and the same is true of all ar
ticles controlled by trusts, vet Mark
Hanna tells us it is nothing more than
an evidence of business prosperity.
From experience most people know
tlat we cannot trust the trtsts and
their power must be crushed or they
will crush the people. We will see
how the political parties line up on this
question.