davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-10-06

uo Boss. panel pictures OF roses and
panHlcs by Jessie Smith and Fcora q
others deserving Of praise. AMONGST
them o. drawing 90 Mnl. Young hy clyde
Squlrcs the artist being only sixteen
mo photorraphir display r. the best
ever exhibited loo Utah. Iuhnsgn'g nr-
tlatlc group o. arranged around hlg
gothic frame made ~ art picture mold.
iuE one Of the FIRMS latest Hpncluluol
the collection comprising large and
most excellent pictures of Governor
Wells. Geo. y. cannon, Bishop Preston
Maud Adams. Mics Emma Lunt lu the
costume worn na Utah" ut the Iubllcg
celebration md pictures NJ members y
tho Salt Lake Opera company, ul 81
them aiding ln making up striking
display Savage makes bis usual cNcel'
lent showing of photographs. four chN.
drcna heads done leo large rlze being
particularly good. aud togcthor Win
the smaller ones showing tue art
achieved ln the work. Fox ana sFmpnds
make un excellent representation, the
chief features % their collection being
three uno pictures NJ the First prtfi.
drnry ~ tho Mormon church, aud
several excellent groups of prominent
people.
Two beautiful displays of c1lorci rho.
turtnphs nro made. the work ~ Kate
Wells ana Miss IDA Mly SAVAGE. Ailaa
photograph Of young girl with her
arms nllod with roses, "a most artistic
piece of work toEether with un Ideal
picture Of "Gulaten' and the Countess
potuwald Miss Wells most Htriklus
ana beautiful work ~ On e. large photo.
rrnvuro entitled. al Cupld'a Shrine"
which unfortunately ls placed 10 "a dis
advantageous position. The picture II
for sale and viii boz nm ruylabls possess
sion for some art lover Miss Ida Mhe
savage has "a small but beautiful dis
pluy. one " the choicest pieces being
the ideal representation % Music VIII
o. dozen ltu cupi1s lowering about.
There are two panoiu of cupiis cxquis-
tciy Colurrd. ana the platinum photo
graphs from v. Tuyrtt make up the
dnlntior and more classic collection. Bee
sides these are several Indian figures
BOZ war rernlla. which make Htrihnr
| display.
There IL moarer display Of sculp.
/ tufo. but the few shown pieces are cN'
] cclient The most Interesting perhnpa
] b. bust uf "a child carved from stone
/ the work ~ Luke Cranshaw, ana 9th.
/ or good work iH shown IN "a plaster east
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-10-06

The farm products which occupy tho
south wing u the main building re-
cclVcd liz quota OF visitors yesterday
and today. The awards wcrc made as
best bushcl Of any variety " potl-
tooa-ThomaH WaddupH, Bountiful,
Rural New Workers., White Chained.
Northern spy T.. BrIggs. liounuful,
brooks Seeding. nuttCr:. Erich NJ.
Holmes Union Fork. White Miller
Peerless. James King. East MN Creek
Manhattan. Ash Leaf Ahram Mnlr
Plain city Early Rose. a. H. Doty
Salt Lake. ohio; J. a. Heath. SAT-
Lake. Burbank. Early Puritan; VIII
liam u. Powell, Salt Lake. Early Six
Best 6nc dozen long rcd bcc's-E
Brlgri. Bountiul.
Best one dozen mnnglc wurzel bccts
i. Il. Wlndcr. Salt Lake.
Best one dozen sugar bects-utah
Sugar company, Lohl.
Best one dozen long rcd carrots
Utah sugar company. Lchl
Hest one dozen white oarrots-utah
Sugar company Lehi.
iiokt one dozen pursnlpa-rhomna
" nd1nupa. Hountlful.
Best holt buahol yellow onions
Abram MAR. plain city.
Best half LuHhcl uf red onlons-Eph-
RAIN Hrlggu. Buuntiful
Rest hali huHhol of white onlons-C.
G. Porter. Morgan.
Best buHhol OF early turnipa-Eph-
rain briggs Bountlful.
Best buahel OF late turnipa-Eph-
rain briggs, Bountlful,
Best display cabbagca. any variety
9. q. Porter. Morgan, Succession, Hol-
landcrs y. Brlggs. Bounuful' red,
Zcst display OF caullnowers-c. @.
| Porter, Morgan.
Best display OF rhubarb-E. Briggs,
Bountiul.
Beet display OF iottuce-E. Briggs,
hest display OF radlshos-E. briggs,
hest display peppers e. Brlgga.
/ nountlful
Hest display cucumbers-E Briggs,
| nOuntlful
Bcat display wntcrmclons-E, Briggs,
] BountiflL
Rest display OF carly squash-E.
| Briggs. nountiful.
Best dlrplay OF late squash-william
| u. Powell, salt Lake.
Best display OF pumpklns-E. Briggs
| Bouutlful.
best display Of vegetable marrow--E.
| Briggs, Bountiful
best display OF Hubbard squash--A.
/ u. Doty. salt Lake.
Best DISPLAY Of egg plants-Abram
Hest display OF cclery-E. Briggs.
] Buuutlful.
Worthy variety Of green or string
beans peck-Jamcs King, East MIL
/ Creek
Hest bushcl spring whoat-Chas. a.
! Streepcr Centorville.
Best buahel fall wheat-C. Blnncll,
| Granger.
Rest club barloy-H. soamans, Rock
port.
Hest half bushoi white oorn-rhos.
| Widd0ups. Bountiful
Best hnlf buHhol popcorn, Henry
| Barker, North ogden.
Hest half bushel sweet corn-Hobert
| Graham. TaylorHville.
Best high patent flour, Salt Lake
| Milling and Elevator company.
Best straight grade four-R' knud-
son.
Best graham nour-T.ayton Milling
and Elevator company,
| Fest three loaves white bread, Mrs.
{. V. MoAlllstcr. city.
Rest loaf graham brend-Robert
Graham. Taylorsvillc.
Best exhibit mnlnasea-Charloa a.
Sweeper, Centoryillc.
Best display OF farm and garden
products, aweepstnkea-E, Briggs,
BOuntiful.
Best green beans and peas-E Brlggs
Bountiful.
hest horsoradish---c. O. Porter. Nor
Tan,
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-10-06

Highest scoring puliot. white Fowl
poultry yuni. J ". tinslam.
Greatest disnlny~nf standard varieties
Of poultry j. w Hnalnm.
hest pair turkeys. William Oidnoid;
second. Utah Poultry company
Hest pair Heorc. William Oldneid:
second ". a. Heath
hest pair ducks Utah Poultry com
pany,
Best pair guinea fowls. Utah Poultry
company.
Best pair pigeons. white q Parsons.
bsat approved Incubator ln operation.
G.. J. Trump
The Utah Poultry company was
awarded nrat ana only premium for
best pair Madagascar rabbits. Angou
ubblis. Bclgiun hnros and golden
fnuns
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-10-06

Halter sud cheese Mentioned for ~.
ceiienso.

The judges ~ thIH exhibit were Pro-
fcssors H. o. Llnnoi1 and w. ". Ray
mond Th.y found the exhibits 60 by
following awards.
Best quality ten pounds dairy butter.
". a. Petersen uf Boar River city
Second prize. w. l.. uaicman. Yves,
Jordan
Best quality 100 pounds creamery
butter Statewide Creamery company
second Tnyursvluo q Murray cream
cry company and Crystal Creamery.
Best General display and htst quality
creamery butter T1vi1uvll'o a. Muir
ray Creamery company
Best quality tive hoops choefo
Hooper DAIRY company second. Fair.
yiew Creamery company
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-10-06

Helfer. year and under 2. Riverside
stock farm.
iIeiter. calf. John u. windcr
iicrd. one bull aud four females
sweepstakes. gold medal and t20' River
side stock farm
Best herd Of ten Jersey cows, gold
medal John H. Windor,
All the cattle have been Judged.
PREMIUM TO WOOL GROWERS.
The scoring Of the sheep occupied
nearly all the afternoon. The tcst put
10 each pen was rigid and the iudgea,
Theodore Mexican. Daniel $. Davidson
and j. ~ Kirkpatrick. the last q visitor
from California. recommended the fol-
lowing awards.
RAMBouLETrE MERINoEs.
Best buck. years or over. w. 8.
Hansen of CollinHtOni second. MoCune,
Read a. 90.
Hest buck. / year old. McMune. Read
q CO.. second. W. 3. Hansen.
Hest buck lamb. W. 3. Hansen; sec
ond. J. II. scely Of Mt Pleasant
Best two ewes. 2 years old or over
W =. Hansen, second, J. u. Seely.
Best two owes, 1 year or over w. ,.
Hansen. second. J. H. scely.
Iicst two eve lambs, W. =. Hanaeni
second, J. H. secly
Rest nock. W. s. Hansen; second, J..
II. socly.
FRENCH MERINos.
w. =. Hansen scored first and sec
ond premiums on everything In the
French merlno class there being no
other competition.
cosTwoLDs.
Best buck. years Old and over, J. y.
Allen A Bros ~ Draper. second. y, T..
Ellison of Layton.
Best buck. ! year old, Allen Bros.
Best buck lamb. Allen Bros.
Best two ewes. 9 years old or over
Allen Bros.
Best two owes. year old, Allen
Bros. second, y. T.. Ellison.
Best two owe lambs, Allen Bros,
| second. y. ". Ellison.
Best flock. Allen Bros.
CROSS GRADES.
best cross between nnc wool buck
and long wool eve. ilcbcr Bcnnion.
Rest cross between long wool buck
| and fnc wool eve. licher Bcnnion.
SWINE PREMIUMS.
Best chester white boar and SOW
/ Iiebcr Bonnion.
Best herd NJ swine. Hcbcr nennlun.
Best berkshire SOW. overland Pickle
| company
Best Poland China SOW. ooveland
| Pickle company.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-10-06
About Our Boys and
children's Department,

We give You comfort, save
you money, and show the best
clothing in the biggest variety
at n saving of Sl.O0 and more
on any suit purchased from us.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-10-06
SPECIAL HoRrlcuLTuRAL PRIZES

This exhibit was rendered more at.
trnctlvc by the addition OF a dozen OF
varieties Of choice apples, belonging TO
o. w. Warner Of Moab. The special
prizes are as follows;
Hest collection ~ fruits, ielllea ana
Jams. c. d. swifti second, Mrs v.
Dahl.
best display nifty pounds scodlcss
ralHinH 4. l., Judd.
Best display 100 pounds eVaporat'u
peaches, ]. O.. Duilln,
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-10-06
POULTRY PnIaE wINSERs.
Premiums Awarded To Chickens, Ducks
aud other Fowls.

Professor w. W. browning Of ogden,
the expert on fowls. awarded the fol-
lowing prices
Best pen and male and female barred
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1899-11-30

himself 4 respectable meal The peas
ant sits down to dinner cooked by tho
hand Of his wife or daughter4n-law.
In large establishments the cooks are
invariably men. Half . dozen coolies
will squat round a bucket OF steaming
rice and from four to six small savory
dishes of stewed cabbage, onions,
scraps of fat pork, cheap ash, etc. They
I'LL their bowls at discretion from the
bucket. They help themselves discreet
ly with their chopsticks from the va
rious relishes provided. On ordinary
occasions even a wealthy Chinaman
will sit down to some such simple fare,
served indeed on a table instead of on
the ground, but In almost equally sim
pie style. 1t Is only when a banquet IL
substituted for the usual meal that eat
ing Is treated seriously as a fine art,
in a manner worthy Its Importance to
the human race. Then the guests will
assemble between 2 and In the after
noon and will remain steadily at the
table until any hour from 10 to mid
night.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1899-11-30

strong and invigorating, instead of the
wishy -washy, often far from cheap,
stuff generally sold throughout the
country.
AS these little tea gardens are ex-
tended and multiply factories will be
established in each neighborhood for
the larger manufacture Of commercial
tea, whittier the products of the gar
dens surrounding may be brought and
sold. precisely as canning factories and
diaries consume the surplus production
of fruit and milk.
One feature in the cultivation of tea
has only to be stated to appeal to every
one who plants, namely. that the season
for gathering the leaf lasts in this eli
mate for six months. Thus a crop Is
not dependent for at least partial sue
cess upon the weather Of any one or
two months, as is so apt to be the case
with most Of the objects Of the hus-
Landmarks labor and solicitude.
For the present it will be wiser to
limit the production of tea in the South
to the better grades, such as retail at
from 80 cents to 81 per pound. The
greater cost of unskilled labor in this
country than in the Orient should con-
stitute a smaller fraction of the total
expense IL the product commands a
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1899-11-30

him In return. They were married soon
after and went to his post to live.
Life in an army post Is somewhat
narrow. The years passed quietly for
Mildred Hazen. Her marriage was
very happy. A daughter was born to
her and died. Then there was a son.
and Mrs. Hazen lived in those early
years for her husband and child. Her
life flowed smoothly on until twelve
years ago. when her husband died.
She was left widow, still young,
beautiful and rich. She went to live
with her mother. Mrs. Washington Nc
Lean.
Again Mrs. Hazen met Dewey. She
was older and sorrow-chastened now,
but to him she was thousand times
loveller than the light-hearted girl he
had formerly known.
Mrs. Hazen made distinct place for
herself In the gay life at the capital.
She soon became known as the most
brilliant In Washington society. Her
extraordinary conversational powers,
her aptness at repartee and her ready
wit caused her to be sought by the
most prominent men In political life.
Through II all she retained the gentle,
unassuming manner that has made her
no especially lovable. Admiral Dewey
was a frequent visitor--but so were
many other ~tstingulshed people, 80 no
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1899-11-30
A HUMAN HIVE.
A Place Where Most of Our Jewelry
Is Made.

A Place Where Most of Our Jewelry
IL Made.
Providence, r. l., has the largest sill
verware factory in the world. the larg-
est screw factory, the largest manu-
factory for small tools and the largest
file works. Perhaps 1t Is especially
unique in producing more jewelry than
any other city In the United States,
says the Nashville American. and near.
ly as much as all the rest of the coun-
try combined. There is no city which
possesses SO many separate and dis
tinct shops for the manufacture Of a
single commodity as Providence does
for the manufacture of jewelry. There
are at least $50 separate factories de-
voted to the making Of gold, silver,
rolled-plated, electroplated and brass
jewelry and novelties. In addition, the
auxiliary industries for furnishing sup
plies of special labor to the jewelry fac
tories number more than seventy-five.
Many Of the jewelry shops are small.
employing only ten or dozen hands,
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1899-11-30
Arab Weapons.

Here in Muscat | saw the pure bred
Arab man, slnewy but not tall, dom
ineering, staggering nobleness In his
glance, and brace of daggers in his
waist. When | recognized a beautiful
haft or noticed slender inlaid native
gun or singular shield. offered to buy.
But nothing could induce them to sell.
'Sahib," said one man. IL killed my
deadliest foe with this blade. right
through his black heart! You see this
dint in my shield? All! that dint was
caused by n spear. The shield saved
my life: shall /, then, sell it for money I?
My gun? No, sahib! ! am an Arab,
and my gun is my other self How
could l be an Arab il had no gun
This sword-lt belonged to my grand
father. 1t has killed forty men. BY
Mohammed! 1t Is true. These marks,
sahib-you see these marks-only one
Of these marks Is put there when a
man Is killed." l offered three times
the value. The answer always was
mo, sahib. l viii not; I cannot"
Everybody. from the frolicsome boy
Of 8 to the lettering imbecile of so.
carried q weapon. The old men had
rusty swords that reminded me Of the
unwieldly, double bladed monsters that
Richard Occur de Lion and his knights
swung In the face Of the Saracens.
These Muscat swords are four feet six
inches long. the blades three inches
wide. and the handles provide room
for both fists to grasp. Law Is an IN
known quantity In eastern Arabia.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1899-11-30
Churchill in PhiIadelphia.

When Lord Randolph Churchill was
last in America he visited Philadel-
phia; and, while collecting statistics
relating to the State prisons of Penn
sylvania, he was referred to the head
of the Prisons Board, Mr.. Cadwallader
Biddle. Before calling, Lord Randolph
fell into the hands of wags Of the Union
League Club.
you've got the name wrong" said
one Of these merry testers; Its not
Cadwallader Biddle, but Bidcallader
Addle"
Don't mind what he says, Lord
Randolph" exclaimed another; 1.-THE
real name is Wadbillader Caddle."
third member took the exclaimed.
lor of the Exchequer aside and impart.
ed to him in confidence that he was be-
ing gulled.
1.-The actual name," confided his false
friend, sis Didbollarder Widdle."
And when Lord Randolph drove to
the Prisons Board that afternoon he
was so much upset that he stammered;
"Will you take this card In to Mr.
-cad-wid-wad : did = dollarder
what's his name? 1 mean the chief,
but l forget his extraordinary nomen-
clatural combination"
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1899-11-30
race with bicycle and well-known
trotter. Oliver w. beat both man and
horse In a one-mile sprint In the re-
markably fast time of 2:11.
Pigeons AZ . Naval Force.

A number Of pigeons are now official
ly recognized by the British Admiralty
and form part of the naval force, states
u writer in the New Penny Magazine.
Whale Island at Portsmouth is the
headquarters of the homing pigeons
belonging to the navy-the birthplace
Of the birds supplied by other lofts at
Davenport, Malta and Hong Kong.
This particular feature Of the Royal
Naval Barracks was introduced in
1893 at the instigation of Capt. Login,
who was then the commanding officer,
and has been developed and brought to
its present state of efficiency by that
gentleman's successor, Capt. Bayly.
The cost Of keeping the birds-about
e. per month-was betrayed by the
officers and men. The pigeons are
used, of course, for the conveyance of
messages, of which several thousand
have been received since the establish
ment of the loft. There Is electric COM
munication between the huge cote and
the buildings, so that when n bird en-
ters it's domicile ii causes a bell to ring,
and so announces its arrival. Many of
the missives brought by the pigeons
have been of great importance. and
have been telegraphed to the Admiral
ty. Some of the birds, too. have done
excellent performances. The fight
from Jersey mas often been made In
two hours; but the record" at least
for distance, Is from ship off the
Eddystone. 1872 miles away-a big Ely"
that was accomplished in three and a
half hours.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1899-11-30
Old Glory.

One may pay anything from a cent
to one hundred and fifty dollars. for a
flag of the United States. The cheap
est flags are stamped on muslin with
the colors red and blue. and are then
tackled or pasted upon sticks: they are
not guaranteed to wash. OF this kind
is the little penny flag which the small
boy wears on the lapel OF his coat.
Such flags are put through a printing
press like calico skirts, and come out all
colored at the rate of one hundred a
minute. Anybody Is at liberty to make
United States flags. Thus II comes
about that all sorts of patterns Of the
national ensign are on the market, and
In use. But II any one desires to have
the colors as they ought to be. refer
ence must be made to the standard
adopted by the army and navy. This
standard. altered from time to time by
the addition Of fresh stars. is preserved.
and will continue to be kept by the
secretaries OF war and navy. The prop
er design for the blue field Of Old Glory
is fixed and absolute: other arrange
ments of the stars. which commonly
are distributed more or less higgledy-
piggledy, are wrong.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1899-11-30
Chair and Desk.

The height of the chair you sit in
while writing and that of the desk you
write at are matters of some impor-
lance. Every person who writes habit
ually ought to have a chair specially
made to suit his or her height, and the
seat of the chair should be exactly one
quarter of your height from the floor.
Thus. II you are six feet high. the chair
seat should be eighteen inches. The
width of the seat should exactly equal
its height, and 1t should slope back
ward three-quarters OF an inch to the
foot. The back should be trhe higher
than the seat and sloped slightly, not
too much. Finally, your desk should
he two-thirds as high again as the seat
Of your chair. Thus. IL your chair seat
Is twenty-four inches. the desk should
he forty inches in height. When you
have attended to all these little details
you can sit and write all day without
feeling that backache that comes from
chairs and desks that don't tit you.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1899-11-30
MALApIes OF TELeGRAPHERs.

Subject to Tuberculosis, Heart Trouble
and Brain Congestion.
Telegraph operators are kept In a
constant state Of cerebral tension"
says Mr.. Hull, President OF the Railway
and Telegraph Workers Union. They
are exposed to a great number Of mala-
dies, and 1t can well be said that their
work Is dangerous. A telegraph oper-
at0r reads better with his ears than
with his eyes. He carries out an es-
sentially mental operation by using
the nerves of hearing This faculty is
consequently highly developed in his
case. In the ordinary work Of reading
twenty words minute the telegraph
operator must distinguish $50 alternate
strokes or intervals, and when there
Is a rush of work this figure can go as
high as $50. There is also the trans
forming the sounds into visible SYM
bols, or writing. which implies another
mental process. And whereas the nor
NAL amount of varied sensatory i'm
pulses per minute is 100, the telegraph
operator has to accomplish 100 to $50.
without taking extreme cases into
consideration, IL may be said that the
sense Of hearing in telegraph oper-
ator is two and half times more pow
erful than In an ordinary individual.
Again, in telegraphy the continuity Of
the nervous stimulation, the monotony
of sounds and the fixity of attention
are further causes Of exhaustion. 1t
Is found also that during forced work
the telegraph operators breathing Is
affected. his hearts action precipitated
and his brain congested. AS result
Of these phenomena II Is noticeable
that a general decline of the organism
follows, ending In tuberculosis"
According to Mr.. Hull, the ordinary
death rate for tuberculosis Is 1873;
that of telegraph operators Is 46.6. And
what is true of tuberculosis applies to
other affections OF the respiratory or.
gans. The general death rate for the
latter is 3.5, but IL rises to 1874 among
telegraph operators between Is and %
years of age, to 23.1 between % and 3J
years of age, instead OF 40. and to II,
| instead Of 5.3. between the ages OF 80
and 40. From As years upward 1t de-
clines, being 4.3. instead Of 5.3, but
this diminution is very delusive, seeing
that 1t is due to the elimination of the
weak members who have died of In the
preceding years. 1t becomes more
marked with increasing age. Between
80 and 60 1t stands at 0.5. instead OF
"a, and above 90 mt 0.4. instead of 81
But these are not the only affections to
which telegraph operators are liable
The nervous tension which they endure
often gives rise to a state requiring
immediate withdrawal from theil
work.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1899-11-30

The report of the British Postmaster
General estimates that the number os
postal packets delivered in the United
Kingdom during the year ending
March 3lst, 1899, was 3,496, 900,
which included 2,1S6S0O,0OO letters,
49,. 200, 900 postal cards. and 701, 10000
book packages and circulars. The
number Of letters registered I'm the
United Kingdom was 15.240.699. The
sotsn value of property In letters open
ed in the returned letter office was So,
603,O5O These statistics show, by
comparison, steady. increase In every
department of the British Post Office.
Crawford avalanche. (Grayling, Mich.) 1879-19??, 1899-11-30

full. But the nature Of the demand IN
dicates a decided preference for the
taste and qualities Of green, |. e.. not
oxidlzed. teas. and should stimulate Us
to supply In It's stead pure, wholesome
article OF the same type. Unfortunate
ly. green teas can as yet be made by
hand only; they represent cheap ORR
entail labor. and In the lower and me-
dium grades competition by American
manufacture is well-nigh impossible.
Black teas can be made by machinery
in almost every step after the delivery
Of the leaf In the factory.
The cost Of production Of teas In this
country is high. owing to the compare
tive dearness of labor. This must be
met by a greater productiveness In the
field. by the substitution of machinery
for hand labor In the factory. and by
the manufacture of varieties Of teas