davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1899-12-14
FERTILITY OF SOIL.

Prof. James Atkinson of Ames, Ia,
Aricltural college, spoke on maintain
ing soil fertility. He said the origin
al rock from which our soils are
formed contained no fertility, that is
it could not produce. After the dis
migration of the rock only plants of
the lowest order were produced
plants that we're able to take their food
from the atmosphere. The decay of
each generation of these prepared the
soil for the support of higher forms,
such as our native grasses. These
have been adding to the supply of
vegetable matter in the soil, until it lie
fitted for the production of cereal, fod-
der and root crops. Cultivation then
begins and with it the removal of fer
Utility.
This climate is suited to the pro-
duction of wheat, and in years past
wheat has been profitable crop. But
it requires fertility to produce wheat.
The fertility is our capital and with
every bushel of wheat sold we remove
large amount of this capital. There
will come a time when this capital will
yield but small profit. In some To-
calities we have reached this point
now. Grain growing is no more
profitable, and why? With every ton
OF wheat we sell there goes to market
with it seven dollars worth of fertility
an amount almost equal to half the
value of the wheat. When timothy
hay is removed from the farm the
value of the fertility is equal to that
of the hay. This shows the necessity
OF engaging in a kind Of farming that
is not SO exacting on soil fertility. It
means that some kind of stock must
be kept on the farm to manufacture the
produce into the higher priced COM
modities of the market and return the
fertility to the soil. Beef, mutton,
butter, cheese and pork remove very
little plant food from the soil. -Four
dollars worth OF butter does
not contain one dollars worth of fer
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1899-12-14
THE CORN CROP IN NORTHERN MINNIE

THE CORN CROP IN NORTHERN MINNIE
sofa
was another subject on which Mr.
Bush spoke. He having lived in this
state since 1856 on large stock and
grain farm knows how to grow and
feed corn by methods which are I'M
proved and approved by the best au-
thorities. No country can become a
profitable stock feeding section with
out corn grown at home as the crop IN
some form must of a necessity be the
cheap heat and fat producing food for
cattle, hogs, Sheep and residence
its Importance to all stockmen. Much
surprise was expressed by members OF
the corps as the most excellent SAM
Piles of corn and fodder were shown ALI
having been grown in this county and
in the Itasca lake region. Good seed
which has been acclinated to northern
conditions and saved with all its vital
ity and yigor, unimpaired should be-
used, planting the same in good SOIL.
which has been thoroughly prepared,
as soon as the ground is warm enough
to grow the corn plant quickly. Gull
.tivation should begin at once and con-
tinued every week until ready to Law
aside, using light harrow and modern
surface working corn tools. Plow
deep, plant shallow, work shallow.
Nt OF, ho of h.
plant at all. In this country they
should be kept growing near the sur
face to get the most heat and sunshine.
Corn will continue to grow as long as
it is cultivated hence it is best to dis
continue working the corn early, and
hasten maturity. Use the dust blanket
formed by very shallow cultivation to.
save moisture during extreme drought.
Harvest the corn crop with corn bind
er. Make large shocks, in which the
fodder will cure in fine condition where
it can remain until needed for feed
when it should be fed in sheltered
yards, to all stock except mich COWS,
which should be kept and fed in we'll
ventilated warm barns during the cold
winter weather. Corn can be threshed
with any good machine making the,
fodder most valuable. The shelled
corn will keep until hot weather If
mixed with oats or bran which makes
a better balanced ration. The corn
husker and shredder is valuable
machine and one should be found in
every neighborhood. Shredder, plant
ers, potato diggers and other expen
sive tools can be owned and used in
company saving much hand labor and
expense. Mr.. Bush urges all farmers.
in this vicinity to test the possibilities
of the corn crop, especially it's value
as an all round cheap feed. DIVERSE
fed farming with crop rotation is the
secret of successful and profitable
agriculture when best methods of Guilt
walton and stock raising are employed,
all of which arc taught in the State
Farmers Institutes!
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1899-12-14

''oon EdlSIuR is ecOnOm-
ical in the same direction. This, to-
gether with the fact that stock raising
creates a demand for greater va
rlety OF crops. such as clover, roots,
corn ana peas, some of which restore
fertility to the soil, points strongly to
the necessity of keeping more stock
aud growing less grain. In addition
TO Inc maintenance of fertility it leads
to'more profitable agriculture. While
engaged in wheat growing we are in
competition with cheap labor of Rus
sia, South America, India, Germany
and France. In the business of stock
farming we have always had and al
ways will have good market in our
own country. 1t need not be plunged
into abruptly. A few COWS, or sheep,
or horses or hogs may be kept at
first and as a knowledge of these is
acquired. the way will be paved for
engaging more extensively in that
which is rotation has many advan-
tages over that of continuous crop
ping. All crops are not similar in
their root habits. Some are shallow
while some are deep feeders. Com
pounds in the soil may be suited to
the production of certain crops, while
the same compounds may be injurious
to others. There is much variation in
the period of growth of the different
crops. By taking advantage of this,
labor can be more equally distributed
throughout the year. The ravages of
insects and fungoid pests may be
avoided by leaving out of the rota-
ton the crops upon which they prey.
Certain crops that may be grown that
will add to the fertility in the soil.
Where clovercan be grown it should
be given prominence in the rotation.
1t may be sown in the spring with
wheat, oats or barley. Barley is
probably the best crop to seed in this
locality. After the clover crop is cut
the following year it may be fall
pastured before being plowed under.
Where the soil is clayey the clover
stubble should be plowed in the fall.
This gives sufficient time for the roots
to decay. Corn, roots, rape or po-
tatoes will do we'll on a clover sod.
They make the best use of the plant
food stored up by the clover and will
leave the soil in splendid condition for
succeeding crops. Special emphasis
should be placed on these crops, as
they not only liberate much plant food
but they afford an excellent oppor-
tunity for weed killing. Flax succeeds
corn we'll if the soil has been rich for
the corn crop. Oats and barley ma
turally come last in the rotation.
These crops are again seeded to clover
and timothy. BY feeding the rough
foods to farm animals and returning
the manure to the soil, the rotation
given above will not only maintain
soil fertility but will actually increase
it. This is due to the fact that clover
has power to add large quantities OF
fertility to the soil. Until a soil is
brought into high state of fertility
it is often advisable to SOW two or
three quarts of clover seed per acre
with every crop. The cost of the seed
is small compared withthe great value
of this crop to the soil.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1899-12-14
HORSES.

DR.. J. G. Curryer's favorite topic
in farmers institute work everybody
knows is in relation to some depart
ment of horse industry. He seems to
be in his best frame of mind when
talking on the different types OF horses,
proper mating in the reproductive re-
lation, their education, care and man
agement.
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1899-12-14
HORSE EDUCATION.

He said when we have cared for the
sire and dam for the best results and
and got the young foal, we should GER
tainly develop it for the greatest USE
fulness. The doctor contends that the
education of the colts for life of
utility, reliability and safety, depends
as much son their education as does
that of our children for valuable mem
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1899-12-14
BREEDING.

agement.
BREEDING.
The doctor insists that line of breed
ing is the only method to maintain the
best results. He illustrates his work
with many large pictures of the differ
ent types of horses and their specific
uses. He discourages cross-breeding
with view to the Improvement of
either type. He urges careful obser
vations and examination of both sires
and dams and contends that whatever
weaknesses are to be found in the dam,
must be overcome by the strength of
the sire in the same respect. In other
words, whatever defects are to be
found in the dam, must be compensat-
ed for by strength in the sire, and
vice versa. He says the sire should
be strong enough bred to control the
form and action, and the dam we'll
enough bred to influence the nerve
force. Weaknesses of whatever char
acter to be found respectively in both
sire and dam are very liable to be
multiplied in the offspring. He also
says that extremes in conformation in
the different types should be avoided,
if the produce is to be used for breed
ing purpose. Selections in size, har-
monious conformation, color, style
and action are all essential features to
be observed in mating.
EXAMINATION OF THE HORSE.
The doctor makes a strong point on
the value of good feet and legs 1.-THE
running gear for the easy action of
the horse and the wear and tear of
hard work. He next calls attention to
the development of the muscular sys-
tenn, through which the work must be
performed. Next, to the digestive
capacity and lung power, through
which the muscles must derive their
support, for strong or active move
ments, and finally to the sty lie and dis
position. He says, we rear horses for
the duties they can perform, and not
for their flesh as food, as in cattle,
sheep and swine, and as action exer-
else with good nourishing food is
the developer of muscular power, it is
all important that the horse should
not be kept tied up in the stable or con-
fined to close quarters, but have daily
work or turned out where he can take
exercise and get the fresh air and
sunshine.
There is no value in the horse when
idle-he is boarder only, unless
growing inactivity means loss of feed
and endurance, if long continued idle
ness and inactivity in sires, means re-
progression and weakness in the future
offspring and consequently failure
of purpose towards Improvement in
our horses. For the best interest of
our horses. all stations should be in
the harness at work every day out o
season or at least provided with long
narrow exercising runways. The ac-
tivity and muscular development as
well as vigorous digestion must be
maintained or we fail in our subject in
trying to improve and develop our
horses, as at least half land often
more) depends on the condition OF the
sire.
HORSE EDUCATION.
He said when we have cared for the
sire and dam for the best results and
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1899-12-14
FRUIT AND VEGETABLES.

country, but it frequently means much
more than money as fruits and vege-
tables are recognized by the best au-
thority as being natures remedies and
cure-alls for many of the diseases to
which human flesh is heir. In addi-
tion to this they have much food value
and are a table luxury which 20
family can afford to be without dur
ing their season. Nearly all vege-
tables can be grown in this vicinity
and many fruits as the soil is specially
adapted to their growth, producing
them of good size and of wonderfully
good quality. The exhibits at the
county and state fairs demonstrate
this fact beyond any doubt. All we
are required to do is to plant and
give intelligent care. The planting
you must do if any crop is grown.
Natures pays no premiums on lazi-
ness.
The chart shown by Mr.. Bush illus
trated the farmers fruit and vegetable
garden which contains about one
acre of land, 1Ox16 rods-shows the
same enclosed with Scotch pines for
protection, a most important item on
all prairie soils or exposed locations
All trees and fruits are planted. in
rows the long way of the garden SO
cultivation may be done with horse
and corn tools, saving much labor
with the hoe. Mr.. Bush recommends
planting all trees with pillow where
the same can be used, opening wide
and deep burrows into which the trees
are carefully setwith earth we'll packed
about the roots. Moisture will col
lect in these burrows making condi-
tions sideal for best growth. Fruit
trees are planted in rows two rods
apart in line with the sun at one
O'Clock, set ten or twelve feet apart in
the row deeply to protect the roots,
a matter of much Importance to the
fruit grower. All small fruits are
planted between rows of fruit trees
with strawberries four feet apart,
plants set fifteen inches in the row.
Recommends planting the staminate
or self-fertilizing varieties, like Bed
erwood and Parker Earl, for the farm
er's garden. These should be kept
clean of weeds during the summer and
The Sauk Centre herald. (Sauk Centre, Stearns County, Minn.) 1886-current, 1899-12-14

IoVO VI uNO W CiS III dCrcS Udys 1Q0So
pipes can be fastened to the planter
frame with seed boxes attached from
which two good lively boys will work
potatoes into the pipes. Select best
potatoes for seed. Cut the same into
pieces of two or three eyes each. Car
ry surplus seed on planter in sacks.
Use four horses with steady driver.
A planter constructed in this way
costs but little, does good work, and
saves much labor. Do not dig the
potatoes until fully ripe. Use four
horse digger. the only good machine.
Gather with an old horse attached, to
stoneboat which will carry six
baskets in which all potatoes can be
sorted and graded as they are picked
up and drawn direct to piles or
wagon. Handle with potato fork u.s.
ing drop endgate in wagon. Market
from the field. If possible unloading
into cars. saving much heavy work in
handling and all loss from shrinkage,
freezing etc. Make potato growing q
study and business. Plant five to ten
acres on every farm each year regard
less of price. A starch factory would
use all small and inferior potatoes
and one should be found in every po-
tato growing district. Potatoes are
worth much more than cost for stock
food. Hogs will harvest potatoes
making cheap pork.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1899-09-18
PoNTOON WENT DOWN.

What might have been a very
serio.s accident happened at the
Healani Club house Saturday
morning during the barge race.
When the boats were opposite the
lighthouse cheering crowd of
spectators rushed out on the pom
ioon and bridge just in front OF
the house and as it was already
packed toits utmost carrying capa-
city The structure gave way letting
it's burden of humanity down into
tue water. There was a great
scramble for a dryer race. Some
shoes were spoiled but no other
damage was done. The smashup
will be the cause OF the recon-
struction OF the porch. 1t will be
enlarged and an awning built over
it. The addition of spring board
and slide will be gladly welcomed
by the swim ming fraternity of the
club nembers. afa - s.. Sssas 80
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1899-09-18

of their lives to establish "liberty
and union now and forever one
and inseparable" have enlisted to
place the American flag over every
school house in the Hawaiian Isl
ands, that the lesson of loyalty to
American principle as signified in
this national emblem may be an
ever present object Lesson to the
children and the citizens Ut this
territory.
The popular answer to this call
should be and we believe will be
marked with a unanimity OF en-.
thusiasm fully in keeping with the
exalted position which the Ameri
can nation and the American flag
holds in the heart of the people.
Our local Edward Atkinsons and
Godkins may whine and cast their
slurs upon the integrity of our ma
ton and its flag; they will but
serve to prove the Presidents as
sertion "wherever it is assailed, at
any sacrifice, il will be carried to
a triumphant peace" Let .ery
citizen who does not believe in the
flag, in it's bene6cent teachings to
the children of Hawaii, withhold
from assistance in this worthy
effort Of the George w. De Long
Post G. A. II
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1899-09-18
THE STERLING CONSIDERED
THE BEST WHEEL MADE.

GAS the constant drop of water
Wears away the hardest stone;
As the constant gnaw of tiger
Mastoates the toughest bone;
As the constant cooling lover
Carries off bushing maid"
So the constant cycle rider
Says, the Sterling's best wheel made.
Many and varied are the bicycles which
are now offered to the riding public; some
good, others fairly so; but more which are
scarcely worthy of the name. To the in
experienced wheeman all wheels look
alike to him, as they are enamelled, nickel
ed and decorated to produce like effect.
The best fittings,-as tires, saddles, ETC.,
are also sometimes to be found on the
cheapest wheels; this being possible, as
the money which should be expended on
good material and the skillful manufacture
of same, is used instead, for the outside
appearances; thus bright nickel and good
enamel may cover the cheapest cast iron
and gas pipe. -
In the every day use of cycle, II Is
subjected to very severe strains, and a
machine upon which the owner is to trust
his safety should be carefully selected, as
an imperfeetly brazed tube, OF other SINH
lar defect, Is liable to cause serious injury
to the rider. Therefore II Is well, when
purchasing wheel, to examine fully into
its construction, material used, and the
amount of experience its makers have had
in the building of cycles. Before you
finally decide to buy wheel, the P. G.
Mfg. Co. on Fort Street would like to
show you the 90 Model Sterling and ex.
plain their superior points to you. Lady's
and Gents high grade Sterling $1,000 on
small weekly or monthly instruments.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1899-09-18
sPANIaRDs. N OF PORTUGUESE l


EDITOR EVENING BULLETIN -
Il is difficult to conceive the OBJ
ject or the sense of the piece in
Fridays "Star" under the caption
Consul Jones endorsed" unless
we allow that the writer aimed
purely and simply TO insult the
portuguese colony in general
The Star" says that Consul
Jones of Madeira who tried to pre-
vent the emigrants from coming
here, called them "a baud of cut
throats and not fit to be received
into any U. S. territory" and it
was The opinion of those who had
come in contact with them here,
| that the consul was right.
Now the "Star" man knows
very we'll that these remarks OF
the consul's referred to the Spsni
ards shipped at Vigo VINO were
ad mittedly bad lot, and amongst
whom, as a Madeira paper stated
Mt the time, were severel ey-con-
vets. Why does the "Star" man
make il appear as if the Madeira
people are included N this dis
aription. 1t is a shame and an
outrage upon people who have es-
tabIished their claim to stand as
to character, in the very front
rank of our population.
The "cut throat" is rarer spe
cies in Madeira than it has ever
been in Hawaii nei.
| The talk about the filth on
board-and the opinion of imperi-
or.ty-on this score presumably to
Japs and Chinese make me tired
Only foolish person will draw
com PARSONS between Japs coming
with few women and fewer chill
dreu, II days from Tort to port
and Europeans 65 days at sea will
large pro- ortion of women and
children! lie should witness the
landing of batch of immigrants
at Castle g -rdens--and only sever
days oat at that.
VALE.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1899-09-18
ON TO MANILA.

The portfolio of views in Luzon
which is offered as a premium by
the BULLETIN becomes of more
than ordinary interest to the peo-
Pile of Honolulu by the fact that
Pierre N. Boeringer is in the city.
Mr.. Boeringer was the war artist
who collaborated Douglas White
in this beautiful work. Get a
copy before they are all gone.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1899-09-18

The Hawaiian Hardware Co.
Fort streets, opposite Spreckels' Bank.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1899-09-18
FLAGS FOR THE SCHOOLS

"One country, one flag" This
was the key note of our Presidents
remarks on his notable tour
through She south a'te the close
of the Spanish American war.
Gone country, one hap" il NJ W
taken rs the key note Of the action
Of member of the Grand Army If
the r public il Hawaii. Those
veterans wlo gave the best cars
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1899-09-18
MR.. HARTwELL AND Hus MISSION

1t is unfortunate, for the Paci-
fic Commercial Advertiser, that it
should so persistently misunder-
stand the BULLETIN as to express
The belief that objection is raised
to the action Of the Executive in
selecting A. s. HGrtwell to repres-
ent them III W shipgton. The
BULLETIN has congratulated the
members of the Executive on
their retention of Mr.. Hartwell as
their special counsel before the
United States Congress. These
words Of commendation though
they do come from the "Op-
position" are expressed in all sim
cerity and with due consideration
of the personal character OF Mr..
Hsrtwell's mission.
His career in these Islands
gives him an unquestioDed right
to being as near an epitome of the
character of the Hawaiian
officials as any one man eau
be. Far flom Directing to MIR.
Hsrtwell's Washington trip,
the BULLETIN is quite satisfied
that Mr.. Hertweil assume the
generous and vexatrous" duties
placed upon him by the local Of
fetal circle. No man whom the
Executive might have hit upon
could be less representative OF the
people of these Islands; few men,
with the possible exception OF the
officials themselves, have done no
little to secure the speedy extern
sion OF American laws to Hawaii
end the prompt acceptanceof An-
erican principle in the counsels OF
the Newlaud5 Resolution govern.
ment now in force in these isl
ands. Nj. Eartwell is a law er
and thoroughly capable Of fn'-
filling the task Of arguing the
case of The Hawaiian Executive
which will place its defense before
Washington authorities.
As to the charges of cownrdice
and treason which the Advertiser
suggests, it is apparent that these
charges will be recognized in the
defense the Executive 10 bent up
on making; that this defense
should be necessary at all, carries
its own suggestion end suggests
its own arguments.
The cause of the Hawaiian Ex-
ecutive and Mr., Hartwell is now
l.. the hands of the representatives
Of the American people. The Ex-
ecutive has taken the bull by the
horns, secured authority to send
a representative, assumed author!-
ty to pay him from the public
funds aud east their burden of
hopes aud fears upon Hartwell az
the winning card. 70 the people
of Hawaii this marks the opening
OF the campaign OF Hawaiian oil.
cials against the Hawaiian people.
The result will b. as favorable to
the officials as Mr.. Hartwell can
make it. We wish Mr.. Hartwsll
only pleasure in his mission. May
the ghost of neutrality not cause
him to leave his post in Washing
ton with tho elacrity that mark.d
his departure FROM loyalty to tbe
American flag and its cause be
fore learning of d wey's victory
in Manil. bay.