New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1899-09-29
A HARD TASK AHEAD.
PRESIDENT SCHURMAN AGAIN DIS
CUssEs PHILIPPINE PROBLEMS.

CUSsES PHILIPPINE PROBLEMS.
THE DIFF rTLTIBs OF COLONIAL GOVERNMENT
-oBJEcr LESSONS DRAWN FROM TIE HIS
TORY OF EUROPEAN NATIONS.
Ithaca sept 2-President Jacob Gould Schur-
man Of Cornell University met with an enthusi-
! estic reception from the students and members OF
the faculty when he appeared in University Armofy
/ to deliver his annual address to-day. An audi
! cnce of twenty-five hundred was present
He referred To- his ad iress OF last year when ne
/ answered negatively the inquiry, Shall we take
the Philippine Islands from SPAIN" His opinions
he said brought upon him no little condemnation
! but the rapid march Of events rendered It unneces-
sary consider whether these opinions were souhu
/ or not. The treaty making power or the lhteo
States ha ked be admitted. by an oNerNheHlhS
public opinion irrespective Of party took the Phil
! ippine Islands from Spain Some people were SUI"
/ discussing the theoretic expediency of expansion
This had not been open question since last WIN
ter. The only question to-day open was TINS me
United States having taken the Philippine lsianuS
! from Spain what shall be done with them lhS
grave issue must b., decided by the President and
| Congress Of the United States. With them ne
thought il might Dee left I'm the confident eXpec'a-
ton that Il wise solution would be reached
lie invited attention TO some observations on inc
general subject of National expansion In the Gaze
Of the United States there was one important OIL
ference between the overflow Of the population q
the original thirteen States and that OF the bruS"
Isles Wherever the American went ne sci UP
new Sta q. which vital part or the ."'o''
! The Constitutions laws and institutions OF the
United States were carried into the new DOMAINS
out Of which separate self-governing states were
carved OF Great Britain and her colonies e"c"
maintains ls own individual identity, not being or
| gained into a single whole.
The population OF the United States was horlo-
eeneous that Of India indescribaby heterogeneous
| rule themselves whether
| York or Oregon. the alien and muutudhous I"oes
| Of India could be held together only by srone
| foreign hand America had grown from "''i''
| outward. England had enlarged herseh ny "OC'
ton In the former case II such growth as ''"'
Of the boy into the man; in the latter case II was
! like setting up sons for themselves
| Americas assumption of sovereignty over lhe
! Philippine Islands altogether unnke 'he pew
GUS phases Of her National expansion lie pointer
/ ont that whereas in the development OF the Cn'sD
States from Atlantic to Pacific practically unlunao
tied territories were found, the Philippine ls'aius
were already we'll peopled with Malayans' VINO ia"
| long made It their home who resented the ~
trusion of other races, and to whom the physic"i
environment was far better adapted than u was 10
| white men,
A WARNING FROM EUROPE
The most obvious but also the most fundameh,al
! lesson drawn from the colonial history ..
was warning: Let ruling race ever urea.
tie colonies or dependencies az its possessio"S'
In earlier and more barbarous ages supJec' 'ao''
we're regarded as the property Of the cohqueiVi ~
| Eut this conception was an outrage u'O"
idea Of humanity which had now happhy o',9
a part Of the common CONSCIOUSNESS u ,,a1 ar
This theory cost England her first coio"ai en-,
r,~o q, America. then she abandoned H. an" "o"
her colonies we're her glory and her prlde' 9p".'
could not surrender the medieVa iluSio", ,raa
barous as it was; end her coleman empire
Of dry rot.
Continuing he said:
ph6lipp1e mere Islands as our possessions no qRe
calmly conclude mat We may 90 70 be taken
yio1sv II IS not callousness of heart II - on nS
muadleheaGfonnTy me- q barbarous survival when an
piled TO any relation between one peop9b Itu but
ReTd is something It Is chaTged w.th wf Ps
responsibility Of government Duiirenresenfed so
lone as we retained that fatal confusion Of govern p
ment and Rro PEI Pafs S the right to govern
aid I'm governing the people OF the ~, blalyiond
he arst function Of governmentthe SUPPRESSED
/ Of instruction and the establishments u P
and order
II, arou, from the history OF colonization another
,oseoD the following: The government OF Colo
MES or dependencies IS not money making enter
prise for the sovereign power or It's ci'zehS Inns
followed as a coroary from the proposition 'na'
subordinate States were not the properly Oh 'r
/ ,,ov,ar which exercised sovereignty over them III
! commercial age It was easy n associate the
extension Of trade with the foundation of colonies
Rut there was no instance in history Of the sue
cessim stafe or jfs citizens had been a lead
/ ing consideration on the other hand inere We
/ such unworthy greed and exploitation
THE TREATMENT OF COLONIES.
"rst q nation" he said. seek 10 enrich Itself
or ifs citizens at the expense Of its colonists. ana
n impovershes all But let nation IN all Its deal
nrs with its colonies take as It's sole criterion OF
I Judgment and standard OF conduct the welfare or
the colonists and II will result as history every
,,.bore demonstrates that the enriched dependen-
cies become the most profitable traders with the
/ milling country" The way TO get profit from colo
! MES was not to seek It at their expense on ne
e bt the welfare II liz colonies And by far the
largest clement i'm their welfare was soo' govern
There was another principle Of colonization,
supporting II the ruling poweI go nothing 1,,s
from them neither should It be called upon to give
nav their own way. The financial genius Of Eng
+ land even IN the fierce competition Tor G9loneS.
nav2 And She had made financial self.sufiicency
e9d fahrie Defence for example which was
/ ~ host expensive business. could ne much more
economically provided when native troops were
employed.
A fourth principle Of sound colonial policy was:
ITO authorities established In the colonies and de-
pendencies the sovereign Power should delegate all
The functions Of government This rule held good
whether the colonies were OF the sdiHe 4'Oo a. 'c
neople Of the sovereign nation or different In the
I former case the colonists would be apt IN self
/ government as tho people Of the mother country
and they could certainly manage those same az
fairs for them Nor was Il different with de-
tendencies peopled by alien races Incapable Of
governing themselves Government must be
aaapted 20 the governed An unsuitable govern
nlent might boz bad IN its effects as an oppres-
/ s,,e one Decentralization home rule, hands off
these are the magical words
The nth principle called for men 70 run the ma
chinery Of government: To colonies and depend
onclcs not capable Of complete self-sovernment'
/ the sovereign Power must send some or all OF the