The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1899-05-21

charts of curves. Mr.. Gerard was grad
uated al the University of Nebraska with
the A. r. degree In 1894 IS and 1861. In
1866 he studied at the University OF Ber-
lin and at Columbia he is a candidate for
the degree Phi. u. At the University OF
Nebraska he was under professor who
is inclined IN apply laboratory methods to
the study OF literature and literary pro.
duction. and since coming here he has
followed his professors bent in that di-
rection with the results given.
His method was to note carefully his
own emotions while reading literary
works. and then 10 study out just what
passages caused the emotions. These pas
sages were then copied on. or cut out
until he had a large accumulation of men,
oranda and clippings. He noted the mum
Der of emotions and emotional elements
for each 100 words In the various works
or by the several authors He grouped
the clippings in different ways, as sim
ilari'y either Of themselves or Of TIE
emotions they excited suggested and so
eventually perceived what ne calls the
laws which govern the production Of emo
fions by language. OF the expression OF
emotions in written speech. The deduc
tons in his thesis represent the work OF
five years. lie says IN his introduction.
This work Is the outcome OF n desire
to find the elements used In exnresxfng
ideas and emotions in literature: TO learn
how these elements are used and TO ace
II. the elements serving as a basis Of val
uation, some method could not be d..
vised whereby the strength of literary
works could be measured. - I, was
early noted that descriptive work used
different elements than did narration ar
character interaction. This die
coFcry OF the elements was EXTERNALLY
Trying work. since ere in seeking must
he ever on the alert, must know exactly
when the emotion comes TO hir, ar3
mDst Try 70 locate the exact part OF the
passage In which the effect was IN he
found This necesstta.ed a high derree
NJ mental ana emotional symnatbv sim
the work under consideration. together
with enough seif-control and in,rusn.c
ton SO as 10 be able 10 Judge withou, he
ing carried away by IN. work Once the
elements we're discovered the laws coy
srnans them began 10 appear one by one
n" Vaiue and use II the elements has
been tested In other ways very acygS
speech by southern senator aenrivea ~.
a very few adjecsives became extr.ueiv
pacific"
pf MS literary elements he saws. ..Nan
receiving sensations from all his xarxn.
AZ one time may unite them and racreser.
Inc united Sensations in ore erp-essson
~ a" may unite them with other stored
Stimuli ard produce an EXPRESSION re~,,t,-
ing from hundreds Of stored s,srnu,s So
an emotion would in literature era -
preston In discourse while xexeray
sense impressions from the eye. ear and
nnger combined would perchanc. 80
duce noun or verb. while each .er.a
impression might find expression :, an
adjective or an advert I, xs,l 10
hotea that the strength Of she ordinary
inquire OF speech is du. 20 the FAC. ,ha,
IN u the condensation of a larger ~hoI.
into smaller one is strongly s.,t A
sefb isea II put into aa adjective. or A
paragraph idea = put into a verb. A
po,n : a condensed drama a Joke, a
esnsdy in miniature. Each nar..rarn
Was oncc wsscse literary work: each Der.