davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1899-10-30

above freezing in the summer, absorbs
the heat of the rocks.
Mr.. Newett says he has read that
some of the South African mines are
equipped with the intention of going
down seven thousand feet, but he has
no knowledge on the subject He
thinks the temperature must be much
higher than in the mines of the upper
peninsula of Michigan, as there is moth
ing to take up the heat of the rocks.
That the Calumet and Hecla and the
Tamarack mines can be worked at
far greater depth than they have yet
attained is asserted to be certain, but
Just what the increase Of heat will be
after passing five thousand feet is pro-
bematical The experiment now under
way at the Calumet and Hecla, the re-
suit of which will be made public in a
short time, is expected to definitely set
tie this question.
The effect upon the miners of existing
atmospheric conditions has been great
ly exaggerated. Mr.. Newett asserts
that he has conversed with many men
who regularly work at the bottom OF the
lowest shaft for ten hours each day,
and that they are fully as strong and
rugged as their brethren who work at
higher levels.-Chicago Inter-Ocean.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1899-10-30

| taken and recorded. This plan has been
| followed from the surface to the bot
tom of the shaft, it being the purpose of
the company to make thorough and
trustworthy test, so that it may be APP
| Piled to the future working of the prop
erty at greater depths than ever yet
attained. 1t is desired to ascertain cor
| rectly the temperature of the different
elevations as well as of the rock strata.
| The circulation of air in the mine
| grows steadily better as the levels are
connected with the workings by cross
cuts. This mine has twelve shafts upon
its conglomerate and all are connected
! at many levels. In the upper portion
of the mine, where the rock which holds
the copper has been mined and sent to
the surface, the opening at the end of
the shaft is walled up. This is found
to greatly improve the ventilation, the
circulation Of the air being more free
and rapid than if the old openings We're
| not shut off from the shafts. In this
line of openings some of the shafts are
downcasts drawing the air downward
from the surface, While the others are
upcasts. through which the air rises
from the mine to the surface. This
works satisfactorily, except at a short
time during the warmest portions of
the summer, when the draft into and
out of the mine grows less rapid
At one of the Tamarack mine shafts,
where all the shafts are vertical, the
temperature at the bottom, which is
forty-five hundred feet below the sur
face, is eighty-tWo degrees Here the
atmosphere condition is improved be-
cause this shaft is being connected with
another. Connections have been COM
pleted at the ninth and tenth levels
which are above the copper bearing
conglomerate lode, and at the eleventh
and twelfth levels, which are below the
lode. ..a
1t is claimed that in no other place in
the world where mining is carried on to
a depth exceeding two thousand feet is
the temperature of the rocks SO low as
at the mines in the Michigan copper
district 1t is asserted that at the Com
stock mine the temperature is one hun |
dred and fifty degrees at depth of two
thousand feet, and that the mines of |
the old world grow hot very rapidly af-
ter thousand feet has been reached. |
1t Is believed to be certain that Lake |
Superior, under which the rocks Of the
Calumet conglomerate dip, and the
water Of which Is only few degrees
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1899-10-30

later the Court of Connecticut ordered
another seizure paying no heed to the
| order from Parliament. Shortly after
this all the Dutch left for the New
Netherlands and, in 1865, Captain I'm
derhill sold the fort and premises to
William Gibbons and Richard Lord,
Hartford citizens.
The early Dutch were good, quiet, in
telligent people, and We're fair and
honest in their dealings with the In
dams and whites, and our ideas Of
them as being bloated, lazy, beer drink
Ing people are wrong. To-day it is
considered a great honor to be de-
scendant of those early Dutch settlers.
Nothing remains now Of this old Dutch
fort but one cream brick, which can be
seen at the Atheneum
Most of the land at dutch Point"
came into the possession of. Colonel
Colt over forty years ago. One of the
largest shops in the country for, the
manufacture of firearms now stands
near the site of the House Of Hope''
in eXcava ting the WorlSmen found a
Dutch vase and piece of wampum,
Some streets are named after early
Dutch leaders and Indians, such as
Van Block, Van Dyke, Huyshope, Sc
quassen, Vrendendale and Warwarme,
and there is row of houses that shows
the Dutch architecture with the bow
cries around them, but no genuine
Dutch are to be found in Hartford at
present. .a
THE House of Hope" a hopeless fort
ress proved,
And English eyes with scorn its ram
part viewed;
Close round its base their grudging
ploughshare crowd
While brawl and missile marked the
border feud:-- %
And when the parting pinnace left the
Shore
Loud peals of laughter swelled the Sax
on throat
So toward far Hudsons favoring tide
they steered,.
Or where New Amsterdam its infant
spires upreared."
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1899-10-30

CONTINUED from Second Page.)
the river they were allowed to do so,
and built the first house In Connecti-
cut at the mouth of the Pennington
and Connecticut rivers. The Dutch
soldiers of Hartford tried to drive them
from this position but were unsuccess-
full. The Suciage Indians sold this
tract OF land to William Holmes for
the Plymouth Colony from Windsor to
Wethersficld, and six miles eastward.
When Thomas Hooker and his party
came from Massachusetts in 1635-36 to
locate in this section they were greatly
surprised to find the southeastern part
of it occupied by the Dutch. The Eng
Hsh located along the river on what is
now Front street, and from the very
beginning they had trouble with their
Dutch neighbors, who We're looked upon
as intruders and ordered to leave at
once, but they stuck to their claim
and remained When the Dutch plowed
the land, the English sowed seed upon
it, when their animals came over to
eat the English grass they were seized
and held when the Dutch attempted
to erect fences they were torn down by
the English, and the Dutch soldiers
were one day terribly beaten in the
fields. Later the English accused the
Dutch of harboring Indian captives and
English fugitives from justice, and be-
ing receivers of stolen goods. The Eng
lish set up posts and rails and stopped
the Dutch from going to get wood from
their woodlands and they stopped the
Dutch from driving their cattle to New
Netherlands.
Things kept on in this unpleasant
way for nearly twenty years, when
both parties agreed to have the boun-
DIARIES settled If possible; so, in 1850,
commissioners from Plymouth, Massa-
chusetts Bay, and New Haven colonies
were invited to meet Peter Stuyvesant
at Hartford, and these men after study
ins the claims Of each party, decided
that the Dutch We're intruders and
trespassers and must give up all land
in this part OF the country except what
was actually occupied by them at that
time at the House of Hope and the cot
tages that had been built around ii,
In all the long years that had passed
the Dutch had made no improvements, |
and had built no churches or schools, |
like their English neighbors
In 1868 England and Holland We're at |
war and the trouble spread to the col |
onies in this country. Captain John |
Underhill a brave soldier, and who |
might be called the commander-in- /
chief of the land forces of the English |
in America was authorized by Parlia-
ment to seize the House of Hope and |
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1899-10-30
TEMPERATURE IN DEEP MINES.
Some Interesting Data Covering a
DeDth of Nearly n Milo

| Some Interesting Data Covering a
Depth of Nearly a Mile.
Ishpeming; Mich, Aug. George e.
| Newett, of this city, who recently re-
| tired from the office of the commissioner
of mineral statistics of Michigan, which
| he ably filled for two terms, has after
an exhaustive investigation of the sub
| Jeet, replied to the extensively pub
llshed statement relative to the hot
copper mines of Michigan. The arti-
| Gle referred to stated that at a depth
OF siXty-five hundred feet in the Calu-
met and Hecla mines it Is so hot that
the miners can work only for a few
moments at a time without becoming
wholly exhausted the temperature be-
ing constantly one hundred degrees
Fahrenheit
In his very interesting statement ex-
Commissioned New EFT says that the
greatest depth of the Calumet and
Hecla is not within fifteen hundred feet
OF that named. The deepest shaft in
the world is the Red Jacket shaft of
this mine. 1t is vertical and is 121hx
251a inside of the timbers Its location
is at the northern end of the mine, d.
rectly in front of shaft No 4, which is
inclined and has followed the belt of
the copper-bearing conglomerate down
ward from the surface The Calumet
conglomerate was encountered by the
vertical shaft at a depth of 3,295 feet
below the surface, this corresponding
with the fifty-sixth level of the mine,
and has been carried downward past
that point to total depth of forty-nine
hundred feet. This will be the bottom
of this opening for the reason that from
its lowest point the company can Sc
cure all the ore in this end of its prom
erty.
The investigation showed that in
sinking this shaft the atmosphere grew
warmer after the lode was passed
There was no ventilation ex-
cept that artificially supplied by the
air compressor but this was satisfac-
tory. At that time. as ever since, it has
been lack of ventilation that made the
temperature in the lower workings un-
at times. The big shaft is
now connected with No at several
levels the connections being made at
every third level, the levels being sixty
feet apart.
At the bottom of the shaft the tenn
perature is eightyfive degrees. The in |
crease per one hundred feet is very |
small, but in order to determine exact |
ly what this increase is, careful test |
Of the temperature of the rock has !
been under way for the past year. In |
order to make this test holes have been
drilled in the wall rock In these slow
thermometers have been
placed, and the holes plugged up In a J
month from the time of sealing the
loles are opened and the temperature
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1899-10-30
MARITIME PIGEoN-PosTs

With regard to the moot point as to
the practicability of successfully or
ganizing a system of correspondence
by means of carrier-pigeons between
steamers and sailing ships and the
land, some Interesting facts relating to
what these messengers on the wing"
have up TO now accomplished may be
appropriate at this moment.
In England carrier pigeons, as we all
know, are utilized for the purposes of
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1899-10-30

New York, Oct. 29.-The physician
who is attending Della Fox, the actress,
Says that his patient is in no immediate
danger Of death. She passed COM
Portable night, but the rally which &C.
Cured yesterday was not sustained.
No great change is Immediately expect
o5
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1899-09-28
Nation Of Kings.

There now remains only one people
and one little valley south Of the equa-
tor whose sovereignty has not been
claimed by some European power. It
is the valley Of Barotse, fifty or sixty
miles wide, north of Lialun, In South
Africa. And the only reason why the
Marotse, who inhabit it, have preserved
their independence is that England and
Portugal both claim 1t, and therefore
the work of civilization is at stand
still.
1t may not be so easy to conquer the
Marotse when the time comes, for they
are a tall, Well-set-up race, very black
in skin. In manners they are very
courteous and In bearing dignified. Ev-
cry full-blooded Marotse is by birth
right king, and takes his place in the
aristocracy of the empire. In fact, as
every one is king, there is no head ruler
The bare fact that he is a Marotse in
sures the respect Of the subservient
tribes, and as he grows to manhood a
sense of superiority usually implanhs in
the native the dignity of self-respect.
All the labor is done by slaves who
have been captured from neighboring
tribes
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1899-09-28
GRE IN STOCK YARDS
HORSE PAVILION AND TRANSIT
HOUSE RUINED.
Flames Attack Buildings Over Area
of Many Acres-Aggregate Loss to
Score of Structures 1924, OoO-Hun-
dreds of Horses Stampede.

For the second time in three years fire
has wiped out mammoth horse sale sta
bles at the Chicago stock yards. The
Dexter Park pavilion, two residences and
three detached horse barns were destroy
ed. and the old stock yards hotel, the
Transit House, was badly damaged.
Eor awhile it was feared the flames
would spread to the stock yards proper,
but hard work on the part of the fire de-
partment, aided by a strong southwest
wind, which carried the flying embers in
the opposite direction, averted this dan
ger. The property loss is estimated at
between 100000 and 100000.
About $500 horses were in the pavilion
when the fire broke out and these were
turned loose. In the stampede which fol-
lowed three persons were injured, none,
however, seriously. Two hundred guests
of the hotel were forced to rush from the
building, many Of them leaving their eff
fects behind in the scramble for places of
safety.
The fire was discovered at 4:30 o'clock
In the afternoon in the southeast corner
Of the huge pavilion. The first alarm
brought four engines and hook and lad
der truck, but by the Tina they arrived
Ill alarm was sent in. This was quick
ly followed by two special calls, each for
ten more engines, and in a short time
thirty-four engines were at work.
Within fifteen minutes after the dis
covery of the fire the huge building, with
it's dome towering nearly 200 feet, was
enveloped in one seething, surging mass
of fame. The long speedway in the cen
ter caused draft, which carried the
flames far out beyond the building, COM
municating with the hotel $50 feet away.
Seeing that the pavilion could not be
saved, the fremen turned their attention
to the hotel. The fire started in the hotel
in the rear near the elyator shaft, and
up this the flames shot high above the
roof, communicating the blaze to each Of
the four floors. After nearly three hours
work the flames were subdued, but not
before the building was left almost
she'll
The total loss to the Union Stock Yards
and Transit Company, according to the
estimate Of j. A. Spoor, vice-president
and general manager of the company,
will reach the sum Of 1924, 900. All Of
the property was insured, but with the
exception Of the hotel the insurance was
not equal to the value of the property.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1899-09-28
PLEAsEs IT'S PATRONS.

Grand Trunk Adds New Dining Cars
to Its Equipment.
The Grand Trunk Railway has added
two additional dining cars to its equip
ment. They are models Of artistic beau
ty and materially add to the pleasure Of
travelling over this popular system. With
improved frst-class coaches and the I'm
est sleeping cars that are run on any
through trains in America, it was essen
tial to have the finest that could be got
in the way Of dining cars. The manage
ment, therefore, placed these two new
dining salons on the middle and western
divisions, running between Suspension
Bridge and Chicago. The cars are much
appreciated and admired by the travelling
public. The cars are "a feet over all and
are equipped with standard wide vesti-
bules, steel platforms and six wheel
trucks, with 33-inch steel tyred wheels.
Air signals are, attached, an anti-telescop-
ing device affixed, and all modern appli-
ances added.
The general exterior appearance of the
cars is similar to the new standard day
coaches which are run on the Grand
Trunk system. The windows are glazed
with heavy plate glass, are all double,
being dust proof when shut. The dining
room is large, being 81 feet 8 inches
long, and will seat thirty persons COM
fortably. The general style of the inte-
rior design is colonial, in quartered oak.
The chairs are Of oak, upholstered in
leather. The windows are decorated with
costly draperies, and the openings into
the dining room are provided with orna-
mental portieres. The floors are carpeted
with handsomely designed Wilton
throughout the whole length Of the car,
and the vestibuled floors are covered with
rubber thing.
The kitchen and pantry are equipped
with refrigerators, range, steam table,
lockers and all modern conveniences, the
tables being covered with polished brass.
A very handsome and beautifully design
ed sideboard is placed at one end of the
dining room, just in front Of pantry and
opposite to the sideboard a wine locker
is provided. China and linen closets,
wardrobes and white metal washstands
are in evidence in accordance with mod
ern practice. The cars are heated with
hot water coils in connection with steam
from the engine and lighted by what is
known as the Adams and Westlake Acme
lamps, and the trimmings throughout are
of solid bronze, most beautifully design
ed. The new car which is now running
between Suspension Bridge and Port HUI
ron, is deliberately decorated in general
green and gold effect, while the one OPP
Grated between Port Huron and Chicago
is artistically decorated in gold, maroon
being the predominating color, giving the
car most comfortable appearance. Al
together they are superb creations of
skilled workmanship and greatly admir-
ed by all who see them.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1899-09-28
NEBRAsKA's GREAT CORN CROP

3OO,OOO,OOO Bushels Is the Estimate
and 1t May BE More.
A conservative estimate. Of Nebraska
corn crop, which is now safe from FROST
is 300,O0O0OO bushels. It is hard for the
mind to grasp just what these figures
mean.
Counting 60 bushels Of shelled corn to
the load it would take five million teams
to haul the crop to market, caravan
that would reach around the world. It
will take an army of $4,000 men over two
months to husk it If they husk 60 bushels
day each. If loaded into cars of 10000
capacity it would take 100000 cars to
haul the crop, train over 1000 miles
long. At no time within the past ten
years has there been such a tendency on
the part Of farmers to look for new loca-
tions. either to better themselves or to
provide homes for their children. Many
sections in the East are overcrowded
while thousands of acres Of rich, we'll
watered lands can still be had in Nebras-
ka and northern Kansas at comparatively
low prices. Thousands will visit that
country this fall. as the railroads have
announced cheap-rate harvest excursions
for Oct. 3 and IL.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1899-09-28
RAISING MONEY FOR WAR.
Question of How Uncle Sam Will Raise
Funds for Philippine War.


Funds for Philippine War.
Secretary Gage, of the Treasury, Is en-
gagged in the task of ascertaining whence
the funds are to come with which to pay
the largeiy-increased army recently deter
mined ON by the President and Secretary
Root. The receipts Of the government did
not meet the extraordinary expenditures
when the army was smaller, and the
problem Of how to meet the cost Of $4,000
additional troops gives the Treasury De
partment some uneasiness.
The administration, it is said, Is UNI
willing to make another bond issue, but
if this cannot be avoided it will be done;
and it is asserted that Secretary Gage has
ample authority to issue more bonds for
the prosecution Of the war in the t'hil-
ippines, which Is regarded as part OF
the war with Spain. 1t seems to be gen.
orally conceded that custom duties should
not be further increased and thus the
means Of raising necessary funds lie IN
war taxes, or bonds, or both.
The following are some Of the sugges-
tons that find favor among the revenue
officials: The imposition of a stamp tax
on all patent protected articles, the theory
being that the value of the article Is
greatly enhanced by the protection Of the
patent laws Of the United States, and
that, as q war measure purely, the gov
eminent would be justified in demanding
a fractional part of the profits secured
thr ough the establishment Of monopoly
by virtue Of the patent laws.
It Is also proposed to place stamp tax
on all slot machines in which there is any
element of chance. It has been found
that the manufacture Of these machines
has attained gigantic proportions. In
each Of them the percentage of profit to
the proprietor is enormous, and the tax
would not be oppressive. OF course, this
would not strike those machines which
dispense chewing gum, for in them there
is no element of chance, and the gum
already pays government tax.
Another proposition that has met with
favor at the hands Of the Treasury De-
partment is one to put stamp tax on all
firearms, except such as are used for ma.
tional, State or municipal purposes.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1899-09-28

Bourke Cochran was once porter for
A. T. Stewart.
According to the Jewish Chronicle
Paderewski is a Jew.
Russell Sage's sister lives at Oneida,
N. Y. She is SO years old.
Daniel Lamont's private fortune 10
now said to reach $5,OOO,OOO.
Mrs. Howard Gould owns fan for
which her husband paid 100000.
Governor Roosevelt has taken to the
Gladstonian exercise OF telling trees.
r. p. O'Connor says Mrs. Langtry
looks quite as young as she did ten years
ago.
r. D. Blackmore, author Of Lorna
Doone," is prosperous market gardener.
Min Yong Whou, the new minister to
Washington from Corea, speaks English
fuently.
William L. Elkins of the street rail-
way syndicate began life as an errand
boy in grocery.
Leopold Carreras Of Philadelphia does
not read Jokes, IS he dislocates his jaw
every time he laughs.
Manuel Garcia Of Spain, the oldest Nv
ing professor OF music in the world, was
born ninety four years ago.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1899-09-28
irving to Be Cheerful,

"Don't you wish you were polar
bear?" asked the perspiring friend.
NO." gently answered the man who
has had so much hard luck he has be-
come humble. II don't wish were a
polar bear. If I were it would be my
luck to be ONE who has to live i'm a ZOO
logical garden and wonder whether the
keeper is going to put any fresh water
in his four-by-seven basin. It's a sad
lot, but I'd rather be a human being
and be able to go over to the ice-water
tank when I feel like it and help my
self. "-Washingto Star.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1899-09-28
Fifty Gents for Nothing.

What will the inventive brain Of man
do next? This is question some one
asks almost daily. There is one,
though, who leads all others, who TO-. a
quarter Of century has been making
fine laundry starch, and to-day is offer
ing the public the finest starch ever
placed or the market. Ask your gro
Ger for a coupon book which will en-
able you toget the first two packages of
this new starch, "RED CROSS" Grade
mark BRANDY, also two children's Shak-
speare pictures, painted in twelve beau
tiful colors, natural as life, or the
Twentieth Century Girl Calendar, all
absolutely free. All grocers are au-
thorized to give ten large packages Of
cred CROSS STARCH" with twenty
of the Shakespeare pictures or ten Of
the Twentieth Century Girl Calendars
to the first five purchasers Of the END
LESS CHAIN STARCH BOOK. This
is one of the greatest offers ever made
to introduce "RED CROSS" laundry
starch, J. G. Hubinger's latest inven-
ton.