davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05
should Lawyers. Wear Gowns.

The legal fraternity of New York is
in the throes of a great discussion-to
wear or not to wear gowns. Judges in
various courts do already don them
when in court, but it is now proposed
that all lawyers, when appearing, shall
put them on.
The majority of the lawyers are in
favor of the innovation, and a great
many have declared it to be their inten-
ton to wear gowns in future, whether
ordered to do so or not.
They say that the appearance of law
yers in court dressed in solemn robes
will add much to the dignity of the
place and will have the effect of making
the public respect the courts. much more
than at present.
One we'll known lawyer in New York
expressed the opinion of a great num-
Der of his colleagues when he said:
TOO much dignity cannot be added to
a judicial proceeding, particularly in
courts having to do with human liberty
and human life. I believe that lawyers
should be robed inasmuch as they are
officers of the court. 1t does not seem
proper that prosecuting officer should
move the court that death sentence be
imposed when dressed in a light suit of
clothes and wearing a red necktie. ]
once saw such an occurrence"
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05
India Rubber.

A recent report from a British consul
in one of the Central American states
gives the following as the origin of the
name rubber, as applied to caoutchouc:
An English artist discovered in ITO that
the new gum was admirably adapted for
rubbing out pencil marks. He wrote a
paper on the subject and informed his
contemporaries that cubic inch of this
substance, costing only 8 shillings,
would last for years. 1t was used for
no other purpose in England than effac
ing lead pencil marks for about half a
century after this discovery; hence the
name rubber After the introduction
of the raw material and the scientific
description of the plant by Frenchmen
it was first manufactured into water
proof clothing in France toward the end
of the eighteenth century. Later on the
firm of Mcintosh of Manchester greatly
improved on the French idea and man
ufactured waterproofs on large scale,
and "mackintoSh'' is the name by which
waterproofs have been known since that
time
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05
A sacrifi cling Woman.

In little village in the wilds of west
Africa Miss Scissor, a Scotch mission
airy, has lived for Is years without Eu-
ropean companionship and has devoted
herself entirely to civilizing the natives.
When Miss Scissor first settled among
them, she found that the most curious
and cruel customs We're practiced. For
instance, if woman gave birth to
twins, the babies were at once DESTROY
ed, and their mother was driven out in
to the forest, there to perish of hunger.
Thanks to Miss SCISSORS influence. this
practice has been abandoned At first
she used to undertake the care of moth
ers and babies threatened with this ter
rible fate, but now her word is law.
In order to benefit the natives. Miss
Scissor felt that she must know them.
and to do so thoroughly she must live
among them. This she did, and she also
took infinite pains to learn their lam
guage. Then she taught them the art OF
building, first building her own house to
serve as a model.
The bravery and patience shown by
Miss Scissor are most remarkable and
have borne good fruit. At the present
time she is considered the queen and
prophecies of the district is consulted
in all important matters by the people
and is universally respected.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05

the horse the question of economics cam
not be kept out of the calculation It
costs at least go cents a day to keep the
ordinary steed that travels up and down
city's streets, and if he chances to be
cab horse and times are good he will
travel about 25 miles, on an average on
that amount of nourishment. But he re-
quires at least eight hours sleep and
rest, to say nothing of an occasional
day off as result of collie, which leaves
him working capacity of 16 hours.
Most of the time, however he spends in
loafing around on street corners and
dreamily digesting his 60 cents worth
of oats and hay.
1t is commonly supposed that all cab
horses live about 100 years, but this is
one of those popular errors which have
no actual foundation in fact His ten
ure of life averages, appearances to the
contrary, about Is years, and at go cents
a day his feed in that time will amount
to only 1925, for which, if he has
led an industrious, sober and unpam-
pered life, he covers some 100, 500 miles.
This newfangled automobile that is
elbowing it's four footed rival off the
streets of the city, on the other hand
will travel the same distance for about
$1,000, expended in fuel or electricity
and while doing SO will never have to
be sent to the blacksmith shop to be
shod, the average cost of repairs being
no more than that for the ordinary car
riage hauled by horses.
A French writer who has made
Study of the horseless carriage a spe-
cialty has been figuring out it's ultimate
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05
Copyright. 1899

ton, as does an animal. While not in
use the automobile entails no operating
expenses, and all that can be charged
to its idleneSS is the interest on the
original outlay for it's purchase. Nor
Will 1t grow old and die, like a horse.
When its days work is done, it can be
run into shed and stand there until
once more called upon to do service.
So long as it remains one of the deep
rooted characteristics of man, the most
restless of all animals, to be in the
place where he is not he will see to it
that his means of transportation are as
expedient, inexpensive and comfortable
as circumstances will permit. 1t has
taken him some time to reach the age
of the automobile. but it might be said
that such an age has at last arrived
The passing of the horse furnishes
food for much profound thought and
reflection. 1t is a farreaching question,
affecting almost all kinds and condi-
lions of men. What will become of the
smith who hitherto el1ed out his frugal
existence in the wayside village under
the spreading chestnut tree? What will
become of the hay and feed man who
has so long and SO profitably catered to
the inner wants of our old time equine
friend? What will become of the farm
er and his hay crop and his field of
oats? What will become of the costly
livery stable and the harness maker and
the veterinary surgeon?
1t is no easy matter to figure out the.
immediate or even the ultimate i'm
provement in the general condition of
affairs which will result from the adop-
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05
Everyday Use of
Hon1ing Pigeons,

The carrier pigeon has become recog-
nized as an important aid in the collec-
ton of news by evening newspapers in
the British isles. For newspaper pur-
poses there is not much advantage in
flying birds from great distances, and
they are seldom used for carrying mes
sages farther than 20 or % miles.
Some of the evening papers in the
British provinces possess birds that are
noted, some of them having good rec
ords. The Edinburgh Evening Dispatch
has notable lot of birds, and they are
found an immense aid in the particular
duty allotted to them-the carrying to
the office of reporters copy from the
many cricket, golf, football and sport
ing fields that encircle the city, and
which, with one or two exceptions, are
not in connection with either telegraph
or telephone systems.
| Every Saturday, which is the great
day for sports in the Edinburgh dis
| trict, as many as 30 or 40 of these birds
are requisitioned as messengers. On
the morning of the days when they are
to be worked they are sparingly fed.
Like schoolboys, liberated from school,
pigeons, II they are hungry, Will hurry
home, and when they do arrive there is
always a good feed of peas or corn
awaiting them.
The reporter writes his copy on what
is known as "f1imsy"-a light oiled pa
per-and uses carbonized paper to OBJ
tain a duplicate. The copy is attached
to the leg of the bird by means of elias
tic bands. At the football or cricket
matches the tossings of the birds from
time to time are always watched by the
crowds with great interest.
The arrangement at the newspaper
offices for trapping the birds and TAX
ing the copy is rather ingenious. There
is a clear fly in for the pigeons through
the customary opening into a small,
we'll lighted compartment in the loft.
The floor of this small chamber is a
movable plate, nicely adjusted, so that
| the moment the pigeon alights on it
| two things occur. The weight of the
bird liberates catch and a wire port
cullis noiselessly falls and closes the
entrance. At the same time an electric
circuit is formed and a bell rings in the
subeditor's room to give notice of the
| arrival of the bird. The pigeon is thus
its own jailer and herald.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05

full and cleaner than is now possible.
Stabling will no longer be necessary in
cities. and there will be more room on
city streets The wearing noise of traf-
fic will be hushed, and pneumatic tires
and silent generators sor storage batter
les will do away with the roar of wheels
and the rattle of horses feet In our
country, fortunately, there is no legis-
lation and no popular prejudice against
the automobile, as in England, for in
stance. where only little over a year
ago prohibitory legislation with regard
to the use of such carriages in London
was repealed. Until this action was
taken it was necessary that all horse
less carriages should be preceded by a
man on foot or on horseback bearing a
red flag as warning Of the approach
Of the terrible engine of destruction.
Animal power has ever been capri
cicus and uncertain. while machinery is
reliable and always sure. An automo-
bile does not require continual atten-
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05
possibilities and prophesying as to it's

possibilities and prophesying as to it's
future.
He forecasts that the size of the auto
mobile, while not yet greatly differing
from the ordinary one or two horse
wagon, Will increase in time to an enor-
nous extent and that its weight may
even reach register of thousands Of
tons. The liveryman will be replaced
by the dispenser of coal, electricity and
petroleum, and instead of water troughs
along the principal highways there will
be seen innumerable electric storage de-
pots.
This French prophet attempts to
straighten out the economic knot by
forecasting that the horse will in time
become a delectable and much sought
after food animal. He holds that life
of leisure will restore the proper amount
of succulence to the flesh of the now
overworked quadruped, and that time
will come when horse steaks will be
served at all restaurants and their con-
sumption will be looked upon as mat
ter of course. This Partisan prophet also
foresees the travelling shop and the tin
Grant theater. An immense automobile
will carry along both actors, scenery and
playhouse. On the upper floors of the
great wheeled building will be the
apartments of the company, who will
not have to pack and unpack their be-
longings each day.
A train de luxe will become the fash
ionable means by which pleasure out
ings will be taken, and summer travel
ing will no longer be done on dusty and
crowded railway trains. A circuit court
will move from town to town in full
session on wheels, and even funeral
professions will consist of a number Of
automobiles linked together like train
of cars.
All this sounds more or less like
page from fairy tale book or the idle
dream of a mere visionary. 1t repre-
sents, nevertheless, something far more
substantial, for it is the conviction of
farseeing and scholarly French scien-
fist, who has had the opportunity of
studying the different inventions which
are slowly but surely being brought to
state of perfection in his own country,
which may well be called the birthplace
and the home of the horseless carriage.
CLAIMING A. BARLOW.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05
Famous landmarks May Collapse.

fNmOuS MAY Collapse.
The Bridge of Signs in Venice is in
danger of collapse.
This structure famous in prose and
poetry, may at any time fall and dis
it spans unless the italian government
officials take active steps to. secure the
noted stone arch.
The Bridge of Signs connects the
palace of the. doges with the carceri, or
prisons, and the foundations on both
sides are crumbling. The bridge dates
from 1897. 1t is a graceful arch 80 feet
above the water, inclosed at the sides
and arched overhead. 1t contains two
separate passages, through which per-
sons were led for trial or judgment.
The poetic sentiment attached to the
bridge which gave it the famous name
arose from a belief that many polit-
ical prisoner, innocent of wrongdoing,
was led over the span and thence down
to the dungeons far below the nearby
waters, whence there was no escape. So
damp and foul are these cells that they
are called wells Dickens wrote of
them in his Pictures From Italy"
Standing Oh the famous bridge, Byron
wrote his splendid poem on the rise and
fall of Venice.
Another notable structure in Italy
that is said to be endangered by i'm
pending plans of Improvements is the
Ponte Vecchio, in Florence. This is the
most picturesque of Florentine bridges
and was built by Taddeo Gaddi in the
fourteenth century. Here the gold
smiths had their shops. In the middle
of the bridge an open ioggia gives views
UP and down the river.
Should either of the famous land
marks be destroyed the loss could never
be repaired.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05

observed the speaker. Suppose you
shut the door!" It is needless to add
that the passengers were comfortable
during the remainder of the trip.
A characteristic of the late William
Black was his ignorance of his own
books, and it was very difficult to get
him to talk about his novels. It SEEM
ed that as soon as the proof sheets were
returned to the printers Mr.. Black for
got all about his own creations. Tn
talking to my husband the other day.
Mrs. Black once said to a visitor, II
suddenly remembered an anecdote in
one of his novels which illustrated what
was saying. Mr.. Black laughed hearth
~ at the story and then turned eagerly
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05

dies who have their own private auto
mobiles and may be seen any day
speeding noiselessly along the more
fashionable streets of that city. It takes
some skill and experience to operate
one of these powerful horseless car
riages, for, after all, they are mere To-
comotives and not unconnected with
danger in the hands of the inexperi-
enced. In Paris the authorities require
each operator of an automobile to pass
a practical examination, after which
he is given a certificate of efficiency.
The local history of Paris, neverthe-
less, for the past two years has been
lively enough with runaways, collisions,
upsets and explosions of a more or less
serious nature. New York has also had
its list of little accidents
There is one thing that the motor car
riage demands. and that is good roads
We are already indebted to the bicycle
for an Improvement in the condition of
our highways. but when the automobile
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05

very fond of children, took her in the
grounds and told her stories. After a
time Mrs. Drew, fearing that Mr.. Kip
ling must be tired of the child, called
her and said, ''Now, Dorothy, I hope
you have not been wearying Mr.. Kip
ling?" "Oh, not bit mother replied
the small celebrity, "but he has been
wearying me-"
Once, on visit at a country house, a
bore asked Richard Brinsley Sheridan
to take long walk with him. Sheridan
made an excuse of the weather, saying
it was scarcely pleasant enough for a
walk. An hour later the bore interrupt
ed Sheridan as he was about to escape
from the house. Il see it has cleared, "
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05

ton OF the horseless carriage, when it
is borne in mind that many disturbing
elements enter into the problem AL
ready there has been a great falling off
in the production of horses and a depre-
citation in the value of horsefesh, which
has filled the farmer and the horse
breeder with apprehension. But, for
tunately, these questions have the habit
of settling and adjusting themselves.
When it is remembered that there are
now millions of acres of land devoted to
the growing of crops for horse food
alone. which in time may and must be
devoted to the production of food for
the human beings who are engaged in
the manufacture of the very machines
that are displacing the horse, the prob
lem is not so intricate and the outlook
is not SO dark as it at first seems.
The poor old cab horse has always
had his drawbacks as working ma
chine, and even with an animal en-
dowed with all the noble attributes of
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05

probably took up less space In The
Congressional Record than any of his
colleagues, always made a speech early
in the session and sent copy bound
IN Russia leather to every senator and
a paper bound copy to every voter in
Vermont
Congressman Elect John L. Burnett
OF Alabama, who will probably be the
smallest man in the next house, is an
able lawyer When he first appeared
before the supreme court of Alabama
to argue case, he stood up behind a
high bench on which lawyers were ac-
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05

customed to lay their books and pa
pers. May it please the court" be-
gan the diminutive counsel, when the
chief justice broke in, ''Mr. Burnett, it
is the custom of lawyers to rise while
addressing this court"
sOn a recently bitterly cold night
Speaker Reed had occasion to ride on a
street car the conductor of which neg
ligently left the door open, to the great
discomfort of the passengers. Mr.. Reed
beckoned to the railway official and
when the latter came inside asked,
why have you got your collar turned
up, my friend?" Its mighty cold,'' re-
sponded the conductor, and want to
keep warm" $50 do the rest Of u.s.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05

to me, But where did you hear SO good
a story?' My husband wouldn't be-
lieve it was in one of his own books
until found it for him."
F Senator Frye of Maine says that
while in Paris he needed hair cut so
he studied carefully the necessary por-
ton of his French Conversation Book
and did his best to make the barber
understand. IT on'tunderstand Dutch, I"
said the person addressed. do you
speak English?''
A good story is told by Rudyard Kip
ling at his own expense. During his
stay in Wiltshire, England one sum-
mer he met little Dorothy Drew, Mr..
Gladstone's granddaughter, and, being
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05

| monarchS. But it was in all likelihood
from the Cugnot steam carriage that
stephenson indirectly obtained his idea
for locomotive on rails.
At the Exposition Universelle in Paris
in 1878 a steam automobile was exhibit
ed very like that of Cugnot, the only
difference being that the frame of the
more modern vehicle was built after the
plan of a common road carriage and not
as velocipede. This automobile, how
ever, was not a very satisfactory ma
chine, and it was not until IL years later
that MN. Serpollet and Archdeacon in
vented steam automobile, with which
they Journeyed from Paris to Lyons in
ten days. In 1894 the automobile first
gave promise of actual adaptability for
general transportation and traction
purposes. In that year the editor of the
Petit Journal organized the first auto
mobile race, which was run from Paris
to Rouen. In this contest the steam
horseless carriage, while proving itself
cumbersome, noisy and uncouth in ap-
pearance, showed itself superior to it's
electrical and gasoline propelled rivals
Of that time. The following year an
other race was run, this time from Paris
to Bordeaux and return, but in this test
it was the electrical carriage that prov
ed itself the superior machine.
Up to this time the construction of
these carriages had been conducted
along the ugly lines of a buggy or four
wheeled cart instead of seeking an in
dividuality for themselves through de-
signs more fitting to their peculiar quail
tiles. Today however, it might be said
that they have evolved an individuality
of their own. Automobile mechanics is
an art the nicely of which is only I'M
derstood by those who are of the pro-
| fession.
But one of the great difficulties that
still face the constructors of horseless
carriages is the problem of expense A
Partisan made automobile victoria, for
instance, costs some $500 and an auto
mobile tricycle. $500. The heavier car
riages are proportionately expensive.
This costliness of manufacture, how
ever, is drawback that time will put
right just as has been the case with
the bicycle. But while the initial outlay
for an automobile is still very large this
is more than compensated for by the in
significant extent of operating expenses,
the fuel for the petroleum propelled We
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05

he said persistently. "Why, yes" said
the wit doubtfully. 'It has cleared
enough for one. but has it cleared
enough for two?''
Joseph H. Choate says that once. as a
Harvard student. he went into Boston
cheap eating house and asked the wait
er what they had. Everything" was
the answer. Get me some" said Mr..
Choate. "One order of hashl" said the
waiter.
Senator Turpie of Indiana says he
never carried a watch because people
used to bother him Sc by asking the
time. Il thought I'd try my turn at
bothering somebody else" says the sem
ator.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05
NUGGETS FROM EVERYWHERE,

Senator Simon of Oregon has been
taking banjo lessons. Are you improv-
ing?" some one asked him recently.
Either tl4at or the neighbors are get
ting more used to it, he replied.
On an occasion bishop was consol-
ing a costermonger for the loss of his
little son. The poor fellow was rocking
to and fro in his distress. He suddenly
looked at the bishop and, with tears
running down his cheeks, said, Dye
think / could get the young beggar
stuffd?"
The late Senator Morrill,, though he
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05

hicles costing merely IL cents per hour
The development of the automobile as
thing of beauty will take place only
when its place is assured and it's use is
general, when people of means and
fashion will begin to demand certain
characteristics of design and finish to
dlHerentiate their carriages from the
vehicles of the livery and the cab stand.
There are number of New York la
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05

comes into general use both the great
unthlnking public and governmental
bodies will become impressed with the
necessity for better class of roadmak--
ing. AS things now are, the United
States stands lowest on the list of ad-
vanced countries in the matter of good
highways. Another advantage of the
use of the horseless vehicle will be that
our streets will be found more health
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05

General Wheeler says that during the
past war he used the same spurs he
wore in the civil war.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-02-05

THE day of the horse is passing
away. Already the practical de-
monetization of the faithful
Marshall County independent. (Plymouth, Marshall County, Ind.) 1897-1902, 1899-09-29

The Marshall County Independent
has just closed contract with the
Lion coffee people. For some time the
Arbuck lie company has used the Week
ly Independent and the fact that the
Lion company also preferred this pap
is evidence of the standing of the Inde-
pendent with the large advertisers.
Furthermore, these concerns pay ex-
actly the same rate that home mer-
chants pay.
The Independent has never yet made
discrimination in favor OF foreign
advertisers, as is the policy with many
newspapers. Large advertisers are al
ways willing to pay top-hotch prices to
tOp-notch publication, and in conse-
quence the Independent has no diff
Guilty in commanding its price from
outside concerns.