davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05
= a.
Z Alkalies and Plant Cror+t,

3. Most Of the cultivated plants will
not stand a large supply of alkai in
the soil. Alkalies are valuable to only
a certain lin, extent, but beyond that they
become a barrier to plant progress.
Wheat will not stand more than one
per cent in the soil, and Kentucky blue
grass still less. When wheat is sown
on land containing as much as one
per cent Of the alkalies, the seeds are
unable to germinate, or If termination
takes place the young plants die OF
thirst, thirst, although the soil may contain
water enough for the needs of the
plants if the alkai were eliminated,
#s4l1kalies l1kEs; in solution increase the densi-
ties Of the soil waters, and the Young
plants die Of thirst, because the soil
sabsorbs the water from their roots in
stead OF the roots absorbing water
from the soil. There is usually more
alkai at the surface than at the depths
at which the roots feed, and it is often
the case that q crop will live on land
containing an amount OF alkali that.
would prevent the termination of its
seeds. Thus alfalfa is an excellent
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05
How the Beetle Sees.

Seeing double is talent given oc-
casionally to a man under certain con-
ditions, but ordinarily a mans sight is
focused SO that the view within the
scope of his eyes is seen in single COM
position. With the beetle, however,
these conditions are vastly different
When he gazes at an object hundreds
of reproductions of it are. carried
through his eyes, which are called
compound. The beetles eye is formed
of several hundred lenses, set side by
side like the cells in honeycomb, each
cell being capable of vision. To illus
,trate how the world must appear to
the view Of the beetle the picture here
with shown is submitted. It is a re-
production of a curious photograph
made to- give tangible demonstration
Of the action of a beetles eye To
make it DR.. Allen used a camera, de-
signed for photographing microscopic
objects. In place of the usual photo
graphic lens he employed the cornea
Of the eye of a beetle to transmit the
image to the Photographic dry plate,
aided by a powerful magnifying glass.
His subject was the silhouette Of
head, pasted on a piece Of ground
glass, behind which lantern throw
ing a strong light was placed. Hav-
ing focused properly, the dry plate
was exposed and developed in the
usual manner. The negative is a cir
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05
Electricity In Egypt.

A plan is now said to be under con-
siderationy by the British government
for the lighting of the pyramids by
electricity and the installation of an
electric power transmission plant of
25,000 horsepower The plan involves
the erection of power generating
plant at the Assouan falls on. the river
Nile, and its transmission over a dis
tance of 100 miles, through the cotton
growing districts, where, it is thought,
the provision of cheap power from this
source will permit the building of cot
ton factories. Part of the scheme con-
templates the lighting from this
source of the interior corridors of the
pyramids, and also the operation OF
pumping machinery for irrigating
large areas of desert lands along the
Nile. 1t is also stated that an Ameri-
can company is likely to receive the
contract for this work.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05

The government exhibit will surpass
that Of last year. The Libby Prison
War Museum. an immense collection
of historical relics, will be Argument
ed by trophies from the war in. the
philippines and the campaigns in Cuba
and Porto Rico The various other
exhibits in Agriculture, Mining, Elec-
ztricity, Machinery, Manufactures and
Art are superior to those of last year
and in almost every department will
be new and interesting features.
~ The grounds and buildings have
sbeen greatly improved, thousands Of
trees, plants, shrubs and flowers from
tropic and sub-tropic lands being used.
E1n the decorations. In the Horticul-
ture exhibit are palms, orange trees
Eand scores of trees and plants from our
island possessions, many of which are
new, to the people of the United States.
The Electrical illumination will far
surpass anything Of the kind here
tofore attempted and all that is new
est and most novel in electric effects
will be shown The Grand Court will
be fairy city when the thousands of
lights are displayed and many of the
effects are startling in their novelty
and wierd beauty. . +Ez -
Several features of the coming EX-
|position have received more than us
ual attention and among these might
be mentioned the Fine Art collection
which will be the grandest exhibit in
this line since the Worlds Fair; the
Indian Congress-, in which the leading
chiefs and warriors of the many tribes
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05
TOPICS.
CURRENT NOTEsOF DISCOVERY
AND INVENTION.
Some Scientific Facts About the Hair
n Model Showing How Curly Hair us
Produced-How the Beetle Sees Hun
dreds Of Images Upon the Eyes. sz
$500 Degrees Fahrenheit.

- i o. "
) Prof. Tucker Of Columbia university
has succeeded in producing the great
est heat yet known to man. A spe-
clally-constructed electrical furnace
and current of unusual power were
used to create this temperature, which
was SO high that under it steel, hard
quartz and even platinum were vapor-
lied. AS for ordinary crucibles, they
disappeared at once in a little puff of
smoke. The heat obtained was $500
degrees Fahrenheit, 200 degrees hotter
than any temperature before pro-
duced. Says a correspondents: 1t is
dlmcult to appreciate the degree of
such heat without some comparisons.
Scaldlng water means a temperature
OF 2l2t degrees Fahrenheit, and red
hot iron 800 degrees. Steel melts at
5000 degrees, and boils like water at
$500 degrees. AS for the heat of lie
sun, it is estimated at 10000 degrees,
so that Prof. Tucker obtained tenn
perature which came within only 3,700
degrees of old Sol himself. Of course,
special apparatus was needed to
measure the temperature obtained by
Prof. Tucker-ordinary thermometers
being quite out of the question. The
arrangement for this purpose is called
calorimeter, and it is a rather intri-
cate piece of apparatus. While it de-
pends upon mercury for the recording
of the degree of heat or cold obtained
the reading is not made in the direct
way that obtains with the ordinary
thermometer. The same calculation
is necessary to determine the exact
. value in degrees of heat or cold of the
figures. Because of this fact it is usual
ly found that the actual heat obtained
is slightly above that. recorded. The
heat obtained by Prof. Tucker was
5000 degrees, it is not improbable that
it was nearly $500. Scientifically the
experiment was of Importance because
it has demonstrated that the degree OF
heat obtained some time ago by Prof
Molsson of Paris, was not the greatest
possible. Commercially. it. is useful
because it has shown that diamonds
Of marketable size and purity may be
made artificially. Further, it has Civ
en- to commerce two products of al
most incalculable value-calcium car
bide and silicium carbide.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05

hair is fine and ribbon-like, the shaft:
is not sufficiently stout to resist the,
strain Of the muscle and naturally as.
sumes a curve, the degree of curva-
ture depending on the development Of
the muscle, the resistance of the hair,
and the size of the sebaceous gland.
The curve thus produced becomes per-
manent and affects the follicle in which
the hair is developed, the softer cells
at the root of the hair accommodate
themselves to this curve, and becoming
more horny as they advance towards
the surface retain the form of the.
follicle; the cells on the concave side
of the hair being more compressed
than those on the convex side In this
way the hair retains the form of the
follicle after it has escaped from it.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05

Nothing shows more: clearly the
deadly nature Of modern warfare than
a few facts about the light gun of small
caliber in use in the German army. A
bullet from one Of these weapons
passes through a stone wall at a dis
stance Of 400 PAGES. At 300 PAGES it
penetrates thick oak tree. If six
men are standing one behind the other,
the front man alta distance of 400 PAGES
from the German line, a bullet dis
charged from the latter passes through
the first five men, in1icting in each
case a mortal wound, and makes the
sixth man hors de combat. The full
range of the ball IS said to be 5000 m 81
tiers, or about three miles. 81
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05
Admiral MakarOff's Ice-Breaker.

The ice-breaking ship invented by
Admiral Makaroff of the Russian navy.
lately completed at Newcastle, Eng,
has been completely successful. 1t has
three screw propellers in the stern,
and another screw for ice-breaking at
the bow. Apparatus which permits
the shifting of $50 tons of water from
one end of the ship to the. other, and
Of 100 tons from side to side, enables
the navigator to change the lie of the
vessel at his will. It is said to have
'.cut through the thick ice of the Fin
nish gulf as easily as a hot knife goes.
through butter. On its way to Kron-
stadt it went through two and half
feet of ice atsa speed of nine knots.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05
GREATER EXPOSITION
Almost World Wide in Scope and Magni-
icent in It's Display.
GREAT AND POPULAR ENTERPRISE
Bringing Together q Comprehensive Ex-
hibit of Our National Resources, Indus
tries, Manufactures and Products Four
Months of Sightseeing, Commencing
July /, 1899. =% *5s

Perhaps there are comparatively few
people who appreciate the vast scope
of the First Greater America Colonial
Exposition which opens its gates at
Omaha on July 1st. The United States
has become, within the past year, a
mighty empire whose. possessions lie
on either side of the globe, and it is
a stupendous undertaking to bring to-
gether in one grand comprehensive
exhibit the national resources, indus
tries, manufactures and products, not
only OF the North American continent,
but of several of the principal islands
of the seas. The peoples Of these far
away sea-girt lands are of different
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05
Corn Growing.

The Indiana Experiment Station
sends out this summary OF the results
obtained in their corn growing expert
ments thus far: ..
The greatest average yields of both
ears and stalks have been obtained
when the stalks stood IL to Il inches
apart.
Thick planting has reduced the size
of the ears and the per cent of grain.
Thick planting has in dry seasons
produced the heaviest yield of stalks
and the lightest yield of ears.
The yields of corn from cultivation
one, two and three inches deep have
been about equal.
Cultivation four inches deep has
considerably reduced the yield of corn.
Heavy applications Of manure and
fertilizers have not proved profitable
in continuous. corn culture.
. In continuous corn culture the effect
of a heavy application of fresh horse
manure has not been exhausted in Is
years.
Cultural implements differing much
in construction and action upon the
soil have produced nearly the same
yields of corn.
OF the several cultural implements
under trial, preference is given to the
spring-tooth cultivator for soils SINH
lar to that of the station farm. T..
Hill and drill paintings of corn have
produced practically the same average
yields.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05
Co-Operative Dairying in Holland.

3D.
According to the German paper
Mich zeitung, an extraordinary deyel-
eopment has of late years taken place in
cooperative dairying in Holland. For
several. years, says that paper, much
attention has been paid to the manu-
facture and marketing Of butter, now
nearly all carried out on cooperative
principles peasant proprietorship in
that country being almost universal,
Large butter factories, too, are the
rule, where the most advanced modus
operandi are adopted. For instance.
with a view to making first-rate but-=
ter, the cream is often pasteurized and
separated by the Schwartz process in
stead Of by the centrifugal system.
Artificial cultures are often used and
the result is. most satisfactory. So are
the simple but very business-like
methods Of marketing. At Maestricht
a combined association disposes Of the
great bulk of the butter and cheese.
made by the members. It not only
sells the produce for its members upon
cooperative principles, but endeavors
to put the individual dairies into direct
business relation with foreign firms.
particularly in England, with the aid
of the Dutch chamber in London and Of
the Dutch consular agents.
Clean water in clean drinking yes-s
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05

crop Tor moderately alkaline soils, be-
cause the thick growth and abundant
LEAKAGE shade the soil and prevent
evaporation Of water and accumulation
OF alkalies at the surface. The long
tap roots penetrate to the deeper levels
where there Is comparatively little OF
the alkaH present.
Our western deserts may yet become
fields covered with luxuriant growths
of pasturaEe. The Introduction OF the
Austrian salt bush is one step In this
direction and OF the formation pf an
herbage that will ignore the alkali and
yet furnish good pastures for live stock.
The salt bush is especially adapted to
pasturage by sheep. That we may ex-
pect to find many plants that will
stand the .alkalies in the soil Of the
west may be taken for granted. Al
ready we have one plant that grows
vigorously though little suited for pas
turage. That is the we'll known sage
bush. "A government report says:
Wheat and ,bearless barley can be
grown for hay ,on land that is SO
strongly saturated with alkaH that
alfalfa would neither germinate nor
grow. The salt bushes hold relatively
as much advantage over the cereals IN
the matter of tolerance OF alkaies as
the cereals do over alfalfa. The early
solution of the a1kah problem in the
west lis of great Importance because or
the extensfve areas affected. There
are thousands of square miles OF alkal1
lands which, If they can be permanent
ty freed from the excessive accumula-
tiuns Uf soda salts, are potentially as
rich in plant foods, and as capable OF
producing large crops of the cereals,
fruits and vegetables as any lands in
the United States. The possibilities
for increase in value by the transfor-
nation of such extensive alkali areas
from a low rate of productiveness to
high one are almost unlimited. In
many localities it is simply matter
of more Intelligent use Of water on -ir-
rigated lands. In others a beneficial
change may be accomplished by the
substitution of improved methods OF
soil cultivation and drainage. On
lands not subject to irrigation four
fold benefit may be secured by grow
ing alkali-tolerant forage crops: %
The surface will be shaded by the
dense growth and the rise of alkali
checked; ~ the total amount of for
age may be Increased, often tenfold,
enabling the rancher to carry an addi-
tional number of stock on the same
area; 81 there will be an Improvement
in the physical condition of the soil
through the increase OF the amount OF
organic matter; (4o-a gradual dimin.,-
tion of the amount of harmful salts
by removal in the plants themselves" I"
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05
New On-Producing Plant.

= At a recent meeting Of the Linnean
Society in London specimens of a new
oil-producing plant from Venezuela
were exhibited. The oil resembles that
of zsanda wood, and is already known
in commerce but the plant. has hither-
to remained und described. It proves to
be a new genus of the rue family, to
which the common prickly ash be-
longs, and it has been named schim-s
5melia, after German botanist who
first distilled the aromatic oil from its
wood.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05
Why Some Hair Is Curly.

Prof. Arthur Thomson recently ex-
hibited a model to illustrate how nat
ural curliness Of hair is produced. 'Ac-
cording to the explanation three fac-
tors require consideration in the/pro-
duction of curly hair: () the hair
shaft, (2) the hair muscle, and 60 the
sebaceous gland. Straight hair is al
ways circular on section, and is usual
ly thicker than curly hair, which is
ribbon-like and fine. In order that the
muscle may act as an erector of the
hair it is requisite that the shaft Of
the hair embedded in the skin should
be sufficiently strong to resist any ten
dency to. bend; unless this be so the
lever-like action necessary to produce
its erection is destroyed. When the
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05
"A New Fireproof Material 4

new fire. roof materiaI has recent
~ been invented by a Swiss eng ngIneer
which is called .sspapyristite' on ac-
count. count Of paper. pulp being one Of its
leading constituents. It will make a
.solid, mpenetra bic, and jointless roof
or & floor, and is aimed to be abso-.
ilu1tely fire. proof. It is also nom.
cont nductor Of heal, and while hard as
stone, has a soft feeling to the foot
Iand is Quite noiseless. Two hundred
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05

position is on a much more elaborate
scale than that Of last year and the
Greater Midway will be all and more
than the name implies.
The sinking of the. Merrimac by
Hobson and his gallant crew will be
reproduced on the Greater America
Exposition Midway at Omaha this
summer, with realistic effects and ac-
curacy OF detail. 8 &.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05

and twenty pounds OF the material
will cover an area Of 9111zz square feet.
with layer four inches in thickness.
It is mixed wherever it is to be APP
piled and hardens and dries twenty.
four hours after spreading. The sub
stance is transported in bags or Lar.
rels like cement, and is always ready.
for use.. -. .sa....--.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05
AUDIT 0RIUM.

races; their manners and customs,
their language, dress and modes of
life differ widely from those to which
we are most. accustomed, and both
time and capital are required to secure
all the things necessary to make up
an exposition which will do them JUS
tice. That this feat has been accom-
plished is due not only to the push
and energy OF the Exposition manage
sment, but also to the >4a4et terial and
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05

will participate; the Pain Fire Works
company, which employs over three
hundred sspeople in it's realistic repro
Dewey's famous victory at
Manila, sthe Destruction of Cervera's
Squadron at Santiago, the Sinking of
the Merrimac and the Storming Of San
Juan Hill. The famous British Gren-
adler Band, with Dan Godfrey as lead
er. will fill a five weeks engagement
-besinHfng on July LIST, and as this is
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05

timely aid extended by the government
and it's representatives in the, various
islands. A grand opportunity is Of
fered to- the American people to be-
come better Informed as to the real
character, resources, and possibilities
of the islands of the Philippines, Ha-
waii, Cuba and Porto Rico and the
people who inhabit them.
The village life of the natives will
be faithfully portrayed, their indus
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05

one of the finest musical organizations
in the world. it's concerts will be a
rare treat for those who attend.
There will be number of special
days, notably the opening day July 1st
and Schley day July 3rd. The glorious
Fourth will be celebrated in a fitting
manner and on these days many noted
naval and military men will partici-
pate in the exercises.
The amusement section Of the Ex'
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05

tries thoroughly exploited, even their
daily occupations accurately repro
duced. 55:
In the Colonial Exhibits and other
buildings. will be found comprehensive
collections which, will indicate the re-
sources Of the different islands and
give an opportunity to judge Of the
riches and possibilities OF our new
possessions. sssss*. .5.s I'll sss#s
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-08-05

Clean water in clean drinking yes-
sells is strictly necessary at all times.
Lancaster enterprise. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1891-1905, 1899-05-27
FIGHTING AGAIN.
Heavy Firing All Along the Line.

Manila, May 24--While the
Filipino commission is in confer
ence here looking to peace there
is heavy firing all along the line
around Manila.
Generals Macarthur and Fun,
ston, with Kansas and Montana
regiments and Utah battery, have
dispersed 800 insurgents en-
trenched on the railroad beyond
San Fernando, near Santa Arlta.
American scouts were fred
upon from the trenches unexpect-
edly and withdrew.
The firing was heard at San
Fernando and General Macarthur
assembled his troops and marched
on the city after the scouts.
The Montana regiment flanke
the trenches on the left and the
Kansas regiment attacked tn he
enemy's right flank, General Fun
ston leading the charge at dou BILE
quick.
The insurgents loss was large,
many prisoners being captured
and it is reported that twenty
Americans were wounded. Two
companies of the Sd infantry and
two companies of the 22d infant
ry, forming General Lawton's
rear guard. returning from San
Miguel to BaIanag yesterday, es.
corting signal party which was
picking up wire laid with Gen.
Lawton's expedition, found that
theslnsurgents had reoccupied the
country and hard fighting follow.
ed from daylight until the Amer
leans csmped at night. But the
troops completed their work
though harassed by the enemy.
One American was killed and
fourteen wounded.
The troops captured 20 prison
ers and thirty rifles.
Lancaster enterprise. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1891-1905, 1899-05-27
Pass Him Along.

Toney Creek, S. O., May o.
Some 80 days ago a man passed
through this section claiming to
be an agent of the "Cocoran Art
School," Washington, d. O., tax
ing orders for the life size oil
portraits, to be enlarged for
the small sum of $1.25, of which
amount so cents was to be paid
in advance, the bait was very thin
on the hook, but a great many
bit. One of the persons who had
given him an order, became sus-
picious and wrote the the Coco
ran Gallery of Art" Washington,
d. O., received in reply, denounc.
ing the so.called agent a fraud
and impostor.
The man is described as being
As or so years of age, rather
bald, short brown whiskers on his
face, eyes blue or gray, weight
from 175 to 100 pounds, and of
course a good talker. When last
seen was making his way to Honea
Path In livery stable turn out.
in Williamson. l learn that the
buggy and horse was returned
also the pictures we're sent to the
Lancaster enterprise. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1891-1905, 1899-05-27
The Reina Mercedes.
Washington, May 24.-The

Washington, May 24.-The
navy department is making ready
to receive the captured and
raised Spanish cruiser Reina
Mercedes at the Norfolk navy
yard, if it can succeed in allaying
the apprehensions of the people
of Norfolk as to the safety of the
movement. Surgeon General
Van Reypen has recommended
that the Mercedes be brought to
the Norfolk navy yard.
Lancaster enterprise. [volume] (Lancaster, S.C.) 1891-1905, 1899-05-27
he Fooled The Surgeons.

All doctors told Renick Ham.
ilton, Of West Jefferson. o., after
suffering Is months from Rectal
Fistula, he would die unless a
costly operation was performed {;
but he cured himself with five
boxes Of Bucklen's Arnica Salve,
the surest Pile cure on Earth, and
the best Salve in the World. 25c.
a box. Sold by Crawford Bros.
Druggist. 4