Semi=weekly graphic., 1899-05-06
NOTED SURRENDERS.
THEY HAVE BEEN A FEATURE OF
 ALL GREAT WARS.

During the RevoIution-Even the GEeas
 Washington Was Forced to Surrender
 Once-some Other Instances.
 The surrender of the Spanish army under General Toral at Santiago was one of the biggest events of the klnd' as regards numbers, that have ever occurred on this continent. small oe- tachments of troops cooped up in fortified place are often compelled to surrender during a war, but when whole armies give up the end IS gen. erally in sight.
 There are many famous surrenderS in our national history. There were two notable ones during the revolution, one in the middle of the war and one at the end. At Saratoga, on October H. TIT, Bourgoyne surrendered to Gates 5000 men, 5000 muskets and large quantity of ammunition and cannon. He began his invasion of the colonies from Canada in June, intending to go down the Hudson and separate New England from New York.
 On October 19, 1781, CornwaIis sur rendered 1000 men to Washington, which ended the war. The ships and I.500 seanen were turned over to the  French.
 There was a surrender in this war which is fit to be ranked with the Ala mo and port Pillow. Fort Griswold, defending New London, Conn.,, was surrendered to Arnold, the traitor, by Colonel Ledyard. The commandant and his sixty men were put to the sword after they had given up tbeir arms. This was in September, l1Sl. The raid on the New England coast had been undertaken by the British with the hope of diyerting Washing toms attention from Cornwallis.
 Even the great Washington was forced to surrender once, though not in this war. It was in the French and Indian war, and Washington was con- mandant at Fort Necessity. His forces had shed the first blood of the war, having defeated Jumonyille at Great Meadows, forty-fYe miles from Fort Duquesne. Two months later Wash ington himself was defeated by De Vii. lers at Fort Necessity, which he had built at Great Meadows. At tie end of ten hours hard fighting Washing ton yielded upon condition thaU his troops should get the honOrs Ot war
 Our war of 1912 was marked by two notable surfeDders, one of which was not at all to our credit. This latter one was HulIs surrender of Detroit and with it all of Michigan territory uulIs soldiers were hot with indig nation, as they were anxious to fight and did not get the chance. Hull was exchanged later for thirty British sol dfers and tried by e0uFt-martidI for treason and coWardice. Ie#Wa con. vieted of coWardice and sentenced to be shot but was pardoned# by the President.
 The surrender of Barclays fleet on lake Erie to Perry partly atoned fer Hull,s deed and gave the Americans a chance to get back what they had lost through Hull. Perry's message to the president, We have met the enemy, and they are ours, is a classic among military despaehes.
 The Mexican was was marked by the surrender of no large armies. Am, pudia gave up Monterey in September, IS4G. Jampico surrendered to Captain Connor, of the navy, in November, 1S4T.
 The Casrle 6f San Juan de Ulloa, which defended Santa Cruz, surrendered to Scott and Conner March 27, 1S47. At this time 5000 prisoners and 300 can non were taken by eur army. The City of Mexico, having been evacuated by Santa Anna, was occupied by the Am erican troops September II, 1S47.
 The Mexican war was preceded by the Texan war for independence, in the course Sf which the Almo, at Bexar, garrisionbd by Texans, was surrender ed to Santa Anna. No sooner had the Americans laid down their arms than they were murdered by the treacherous MeXicans and those of Spanish de- scent
 The civil war was terminated by the surrender of Lee at Appamatox Court House on April Q, 1865 Twenty-six thousand men laid down their arms. This was soon followed by the surren- der of Johnston, with 29.924 men; Fay Tor, with 10000; Jeff Thompson, with 7454. and Kirby Smith with 10000.