davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1899-10-04
Ran from the Law.

Conductor Cofsy and Engineer Mar
tin, of the Mexico Central railroad
have just reached Ell Paso, Tex, after
a quick trip from Cuatitlan, Mex neal
Mexico City, where their train tslescoped
a freight and killed an American cattle
man who was riding in the caooose.
The trainnen hurried vay i'm mnedlate-
ly to avoid arrest. TSo American
engineers from the Mexican and Vera
Cr1z road came ia Thursday night locked
up in a Pullman by their friends
Their train colIided in the suburbs OF
Mexico City with a street car filled with
society people returning home frow
the opera, killing seven persons and
iuiuring several others. Oae OF the
engineers was sriding in the cab when
the accident happened and considered
it best not to remain behind. The
Mexican fireman was arrested and the
conductor is still hiding iu the interior.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1899-10-04
FLOODS IN INDIA,
Much Property Destroyed and Hun
dreds of Lives Lost.

The great storm Of Sunday and Mon
day which caused destructive land.lldes
and foods gathered at the head of the
bay Of Calcutta, India, and then moved
north, giving heavy rain in Calcutta,
Dinajrru-, Ranpur and Jalpaisuri. Its
greatest fury was felt at Darjeeling. 81
multaneously another storm gathered at
Rapgpur and passed westward from
Purnea and Monghyr. The Usual
weekly reports have not been received
from the government, and there is rea
son to fear that the district named is
flooded and communication Interrupted.
Its estimated that between Darjeellng
and Ku-seor alone 800 persons have
lost their lives.
The liue between Darjeeliog and So
nadA will be blocked, probably for two
months. Both the upper and the low
er Puglajhcras have been carried away.
A number OF bodies have been recover
ed. The soldiers Of the Munster regi-
meDt are searching for bodies and
clearing the roads.
1t lie reported that the Tecsta sus-
pension bridge has been broken away
BIZ the foods and that ksllmpong IS
therefore cut of from communication.
Gangs of natives and soldiers are work
ing to clear the roads. The storm ap-
pears to have been extended all over the
northern portion Of Bengal.
Considerable damage has also been
done at Silliguri, where number OF
wooden huts a1d the plague camp has
been destroyed. The subsidence Of the
hillside at Darjeeling continues, and is
causing alarm, as it threatens to destroy
the w5ole Bazaar.
Although the delayed reports from
many sections prevent accurate estl-
mates, it is evident that the fatalities
far exceed 300. No fewer than 200
persons were killed in the destruction
of Phool Bazaar alone, and as many as
100 at DarjeeliDg.
T9enty-one bodies have been recov-
cred at Tamsongbate, where it is be-
lieved another 20 persons have been
killed. Advices from Rung!i show
great destruction IN the tea gardens
around Poomong, Monday night.
Lieut.. Gov. Sir John Woodburn an
nounced to the council THURSDAY that
400 lives were lost through the floods
at Darjeeling, capital Of the district OF
that name, in addition to those drown
ed on the plains.
Great havoc has been caused at
Kurseong. The Nargarelchope estate
lost 100 acres and Mealand factory was
destroyed. Some coolies were buried
in the ruins of the managers house,
which was partially destroyed. The
Avongrove estate lost 80 acres, aud
1000 tea bushes. The coolie lines
we're swept away and many persons were
killed, but the exact number Is not
krown. A factory was also destroyed
at this place.
A huge landslip below S.. Mary's
seminary destroyed the railroad o-ldse
and com plesely blocked the road. A
breach 30 yards wide has been made
aud the rails are hanging in the air. 1t
Is thought the break cannot be repair
ed within 30 days.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1899-10-04
DEWEY AND B2UmBY.
The Admiral Believes in His Georgia
Flag Lieutenant.

A special dispatch from New York to
the Atlanta Journal says that a figure
secoud in general interest to Admiral
Dewey is F.ag Lieutenant Thomas II.
Brumby. Of Georgia, as the FOLLOWING
narration Of visit paid the Olympia
Thursday afternoon in company with
Senator Chauncey Depew, Richard Gro
ker. ST. Clair McKelsay, Former As
sistaut Secretary Of tee Navy William
McAdoo and other members Of tie gen.
eral reception com mittee Will testify.
We had boarded tie cruiser aid al the
invitation Of Admiral Dewey lad gone
into his CABIN aud We're discussing the
plans Of the celebration when Lieuten-
ant Brnmby entered the cabin.
Storp,ng in the midst Of his conversa,
ton the admiral sad:
"Geuueme;, here is the man who
hauled dowr the Spanish flag a6 Mani
la and h"isted in It's place the stars and
stripes, Lieutenant Thomas H. Brum-
by -
As each Of the party shook hands
with Licusepaot B;umby the face Of
the admiral glowed with satisfaction.
Daring the entire conference, which
lasted half an hour, Admiral D2wey
never decided any little matter cf detail
that was submitted for his approval,
without first consulting his flag lieuteu-
ant. The conference had beeo in pro-
grass perhaps twenty minutes when sad
denly Admiral De9ey inquired:
How about the men on this ship,
gentlemen? Everything you have done
is entirely satisfactory to NE, but these
meu. three hundred aud fifty of them,
are anx:ols to get ashore. What pro-
vision have vru made for them?'
Mr. MrK-leay exclaimed that the
Olympia was expected to anchor oa Fri
day night, after the naval parade az
Grants tomb and that the sailors could
60 ashore then'on Saturday morning
Viii that do, Brumb:?' asked the
admiral, and when his lieutenant an
swered in the affirmative, he replied
Eyes, that will do nicely; quite salts
factory TO Us. :"
Several times during the converse
tion did Admiral Dewey call upon
Lieutenant Bcumby for information or
advice. He showed unmistaSa5ly, as
Mr.. McKelgay told me &fIerWard, tlat
he trusted his flag lieutenant implicitly.
More than once did the admiral make
some pleasant remark about Lieutenant
Brumby to his visitors. Richard Gro
ker, the Tammany chi=ftain, had a few
words with Lieutenant Btunby while
on the Olympia. and at the conclusion
Of his visi5 Mr.. Croker said to me:
That Lieutenant Brum6y is fine
young nan
Mr.. McKelway and others in the
party heard the remark'and echoed the
same sentiment.
Tell the people Of Georgia l am
coming home sooD. / will go. | hope,
IN about two weeks, said Flag Lieuten-
ant Bruuby to your correspondent
aboard the Olympia this morning.
/ cannot give the exact Gate, as I
don't kuov hoa soon | shall get leave
of absence from the admiral"
Lieutenant Brumhy said he wanted
to receive the s@ord which is to be pre-
seuted TO him in his own state. He does
not want any committee TO meet him
here, but wait, his friends to greet him
at home. He is il excellent health and
spirits.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1899-10-04
The Killing Season.

Cornelius Triplet, colored, was kill
ed at Singleton, Winston county, Miss,
Thursday night, making four victims :,
two white and two colored-of the fcud
raging in that county. The friends Of
H B johnson. the man killed with
Ed. Triplet Monday, were at Macon on
Thursday, laying in supply of arms
and ammunition. More trouble is
probable.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1899-10-04
Did Not Want Him.

TIE schoo' trustees of Princeton Ind.
are having trouble over a Cuban boy
brought home from the island by an
army ctIic2c. When the Cuban boy
started to school the parents Of the
white pupils announced they would
Withdraw their CHILDREN if he was per-
mitted to attend tie ias;ilu ion. They
aid h. must 60 70 tic Nero school.
The trustees Tithdrew the Cuban from
school temporarily until the contrOver-
sycan be settled.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1899-10-04
Our Bows in NeW York.

South Carolina was represented IN
Saturdays military parade in New York
by the following companies: Wa>hlog-
ton Light Infantry Of Charleston, Cap.
Cogswcll; the German Fusiliers Of Char
lesion, Capt. Schroeder; the Sumter
Guards Of Charleston, Lieut.. Miller;
The Irish Volunteers Of Charleston.
Capt. McGinness; the Timmousville
Guards of Florence, Capt, Keith, tn;
Sumter Light Infantry, Capt. Lee; the
Greenville Light Infantry Of Green
Vile, Lieut.. Davis; The Snyth Rifles OF
pelzer, Capt. West aud the RichlAnd
Volunteers of Columbia, Capt. K rk-
land.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1899-10-04

he D1iphln anchored near Tie
Olyu pa AID R.ar Admiral Sampson
ana his staff went on board They Hcre
received BY Admiral Dewey, Capt
Lamberron, Lieut. Brumhy AID the
officers of the deck. the f.ll marine
guard and ba@d b,irs parad, d. he
officers went to the admigal'S c:bln
Rear Admiral SAMPSON remained o.
bo-rl more tran an hour.
X ar AGmiral Sampson had first
learned Of Admiral DeHeys arrival at
the Brookl:n navy yar!, where he wept
aaou, 10 oclcck t. see Rear Adm,ra!
Philip. Soon after R~ar Admiral
Sampson had gone. Rear Admiral
Pai'ip voyaged down the bay IN the
Narkeeta aud paid anoffic;,I cal. "a
tended By Commander J D j k,)leyy:
The rear adm'rals salute VA not tlred
ia this case, by request Of Rear Admt.
raj Philip. Ad m'ral D.wey received
these Official visits IL u!dress ual
fern.
Dr.. Sanborn Of the port phys;cjars
staff visited the olympia aud locked at
ner papers. Eeven of the crew Of 3l3
men have typhoid fever. S,me of the
eases are conva' 'esce0t ard Oh OF them
are of mjld type according to d.. Per-
cv. the ships surgeon. No one has
did cf the fever, and with the excei'-
Dr parcv X nrabIc 70 aceoua1 for the
nrn,ar.s n-, : ~. of who'd onrbe Shin. The
eases p,s nor 1nmerors OF serious
eno,,.b ~ 70 canSe him alarm ard II is
n~oI,,..ic rb,1,he SIX mer will be taken
5shn to a aospi;al.
re 3 3well. collector Of tie port
m.ster Vancott aud sevcra! Of the
,,,,.,la, officials visited the admiral
,,,J ,nJ ,s1ra ~, 0@-.nnqIly c5n3uc,ed around
,,D~ rb,~ IN hr HIM
- All ~ a,y ~ ,,..s >o;l boats and excur-
sio- ~ s,aa ,c~s r.,nau m near the OAm-
9;o. -, o,,3 1a1,I. lax ., brr E,vrry bod,
y. rI~ @a-I i,"5 ~ wss ner,n;,;ed to come on
basrS .n
Tb. O;vmn:a's anchorage was rather
. lonely ,.lscs and altogether not 4
,r,a, manv vessels made 4 point OF
Going there. |, is, however. near tn"
800 hin chq,nrl The North Ger
.,1 NO. Tnt1 s,esvnr sale outward
80 !, 49, 49, ! n1n.n ~ ,ha Olcm,ia
~ ~ Gu p''S',1 ,,.o. ornw,;e6 - rhc
.S ~ ~''''V NJ, resn,nde1 ~
rams AZ ,"'l't, asl.,..b;af, hr l;f, ,;nr
Ta'ias S; PoIA,. 90 limos The Ssaie's
us ~ I@p 1S ~ S,.. SoangIcd Ban
OauU !, pay ~ ni,m';a nc 80, 5;nnai bsr A,s
T,L TTf' Cl sn1 'ne ~ T:.,;. - ns.se5 ont half
l ~ @ Uuu"eoe 10. - 81 fr.d y sir
al nour a vi S't";: -, - 6,rsrrs1
sd I'D G, q III -: ~ Snn9 90 - Nv Cod Sve
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1899-10-04
Raaten Bv q Mob.

Senior Canizo, editor of the Eco de
Espanol, at Matanzas, Cuba, "as re-
Gently chased and beaten by MOB.
The police rescued him and took H. him
to the police station for safety. The
people of Matanzas assert that many
letters have been received from San
Antonio denouncing Canizo asa Span
ish butcher.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1899-10-04
IN NEW YORK.
Our Gallant Soldiers Safely in
Heart of Gotham.
GIVEN KINDLY GREETINGS.
The Governor and His Staff
Greets the Boys. The
Palmetto State Well
Repre- sented.

South tarOllua vas We4l Represented
officially in New York Oh Dewey Day
BY Gov. McSsecney and his staff. Be-
sides this sic had the largest body of
troops present. Of any Southern State.
4 disy atch to The STATE datcd New YORK
Sept. 2G SAYS within one huadred yald-
Il the magnificent Dewey triumph&l
arch CIV. NvSseepey and his staff
have their headquarters IL the Hoffman
House.
The South Carv!ina officers and SOL
diers, travelling on the AllAntic Coast
Lines executive special, reached here
today lit;le after clock, aud half
hour better than the promise made.
The ,rain w4s run ezra all The way:
taallSs 20 Passenger Agent Culley, and
the r. c ,rd vas broken. lhere was $40
accident 4 any kind, ard ali conduc
rors pronounced rhe South Carohniaus
the most orderly aud b.st behaved SOL
die. they had ever ha died.
The governor and staff vent direct to
he II tfm..n House They we're much
pleased nirh the railroad service given.
The b4n9 pla:ed Dixie crossing tie
river and ,Yaukee Doodle as the boys
IaAde1 at the foot of Twcnty-thld
street. Thee th> tro2p$ were formed
iu,o a regiueut aud. commandcd by
r,l Frost and headed hy the First Ar
rllery band, Unitvd States army,
marched through Twenty third street
to Fitch aveuu- and theIce down tttth
avenue to Fourth street, near the Bow
erv. where they were given quarters IN
conm,diuu, hsli. Lieus Col. Pcarce
{ he governors staff met them there.
He. VITA Col. Frost, called en- the New
York commandery AID soon supply oil
co.'s was sent to them About $3.50
clock tie Sou her4 contingent, under
the command of Acting Major Blythe,
arrived, having teen held back on &C
count of the Growing of the track.
These companies marched up from
D. Sbrosses street landing under the
comwapd Of Gen Floyd, who met them
The South Carolina boys we're given
an ovation through the streets Of NeS
York and deserved it. 1t VAS the same
thing along the line. notably at Wash
iogton and Balii.aore. Gov, McSsee-
nev. Ga~ Fleyd and the officers Of the
; sc~c~aors s:atf visited the troops this
afternoon. and, being chaered and called
on the Governor made brlet sN.ech
! comp 'imentary to the soldiers, telling
them what was expected Of them. Gen.
Floyd and Col. F.ost also responded to
! ctl!S
Tonight the soldi.r5 are seeing the
sight: aud the governor I'D scvc!a! ot
his staff have aeon panied friends TO
40 entertainment.
4 s>,cial dispatch from Nv
Y.rk to The State SAYS South Car
Dina w2s very much in the picture
rhur,d ". In the parade the gov'r
nor and staff were photographed and
hen the g,verror aud Coils Folk,
Gunter VII ,ou, Mauldin and Watson
visited the Ms York co ton exchange.
they were irviced on the soor into the
ring where the proceedings were watch
| Cd,
At the produce exchange, to which
the cotton men took then, they were
similarly received and attended the
musical close Of the days proce dln&s.
Thence the party went to the navy yard
in BrauklSn Il Nh,ra they were gwen
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1899-10-04
c.. WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 4, 1899.

thousand soldiers in line, and they pre-
sented most handsome appearance as
the marched pass the reviewing stand
and saluted the hero Of Manila.
This ended the festivities, and the
visitors began at once to leave the city
for home. The South Carolina con-
tingent left Sunday morping and are
once more at home telling friends of
their experience.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1899-10-04
Eating Cats.

A dispatch from Havana last Friday
SAYS that owing to the failure of the
crops in the drovince of Santa Clara
many families in the country districts
around Trinidad. it is said are starv-
ing Iris added that all tie cats and
dnrsthere. and even isuanas and snakes
have been eaten.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1899-10-04
Great Loss of Life,

The London Echo says the Greek
government vas Informed Thurs lay the
severe shock of earthquake around
SMYRNA killed thousand persons, IN
iyred 800 and demolished 1000 houses
and two villages.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1899-10-04
BROUGHT NINE CENTS.

At Little Rock, Ark, the widest
excitement prevailedin the cotton mar
ket. Cotton sold on the streets at 3
cents. Brokers wired their agents all
over the State "buy cotton. The
movement was heavy and the farmers
are ia consequence considerably ahead.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1899-10-04
SPOTS SOLD HIGH.

The Liverpool fake prices Friday
caused great excitement IN Montgom-
ery in cotton circles. Sales of spot
were made at Is and some brokers made
heavy purchases. There being no ex.
change 1t is Eot known what action will
be taken regarding the deals.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1899-10-04
MACON BUYERS sUEFER.
EXCITED N CHARLESTON.

There were wild scenes on the feer
Of the Charleston cotton exchange Fri
day in consequence Of the false reports
of the enormous advance in the Liver
pool Gotten market. 1t was the most
exciting day that the Charleston bulls
and bears have had in long time rem
dered especially 50 by rumor5 and the
inability tc ascertain the cause etthe
trouble during the period.
The Manning times. [volume] (Manning, Clarendon County, S.C.) 1884-current, 1899-10-04
LOSS OF THE URDhNETA.
Naval Cadet Wood, of Georgia, in Com
mand, Killed.

The navy department Tuesday re-
ceived from Admiral Watson cable
gram announcing the capture and de-
sIuction Of the gunboat Urdaneta, re-
ported in the press dispatches Of Mon
day. Another dispatch from the admi-
raj states that he learns through h lnsur-
gent sources that her commander, Ma
val Cadet Wclborne Wood, was killed in
the action. The fate Of the crew is not
knuNn.
Admiral Watson's first dispatch fol-
lows:
Marila Sept. 25.
Secretary Navy, Washington:
Gunboat Urdaneta, Cadet Wslbornc
C. Wood commanding, has beeu cap
tured by the insurgents while bleckad-
ipg. The wreck is hard aground, wa
ter two feet deep, near Orani on Oranl
river, northeastern corner of Mania
cay. and is completely Quilted. Draft,
maximum, was less than six feet. Dis
placement in tons, ~. Battery con-
>ists Of cne- pounded rapid fire gun, one
machine gun Colt automatic), one ma
chiae gun (Nordenfedlt IS millimeters)
The reason cf it's presence in that river
is rot known. Commander Cornwell
was preventing the landing Of arms
yith 40 men. His force was tco small
to attack armed Insurgents at the vii,
lage. Water is only six feet deep on
the bar at the mouth Of the river. Can
not obtain any authentic information
If the crew as yet because Gnsurgents)
will not respect flag Of truce. Cadet
M'os d With the crew of nine enlisted
men and one Cninaman are not account
cd for The name and rate of Americans.
who we're all attached to the Oregon, are
as follows:
Benjamin James Green, coxsWain.
William Mitchell, seaman.
Samuel Tilden Herbert, ordinary sea-
man.
Eiward Burke, ordinary seaman.
Geor.e Daniel Powers, apprentice,
6fst-class.
Arthur William Drummond, machin-
ist, frst-clsss.
Thomas Grey, fireman, second-class.
John James Farlay, fireman, first
cla=s.
Samuel Stone, seaman.
Report by mail.
(Sigued) Watson::
Cadet Welborne G. Wood is included
in the list of naval cadets who have
passed the requisite academic course,
and are now performing two years ser
vice at sea prior to final graduation: He
was the son Of Mr.. H. K. Wood Of Je-
rusalen, Pickeus county, Ga former
" farmer but now employed as q
storekeeper and gaugcr in the internal
revenuc service of the government.
William Mitchell, one Of the men
who was with Cadet Wood, was born at
Bucksville, S, G., and bis residence ia
st down as New York city. Next Of
kin is Georg~ Mitchell, father, living IN
Brcksvllle, S, G.
SIX WERE KILLED.
1t is reported by person who has
j.l,t ,rrived from Turdac that Naval
Cadet Welboru G. Woods, who was IN
c m,nand of the United States gunboat
Ur1aneta recently captured and de-
5 roycd by the insurgents in the OraDl
river, on the northwest side Of Manila
bay, where she was patrolllrg, and five
of the pioe enlisted men forming the
crew, were killed during the fighting
previous to the destruction of the ves-
sci. lhe four other men and the cap
tured cannon a one pounder, rapid
fire gun, Colt machine gun and Nor
denieldt 25 millimc ctre gun-Were con-
veycd to Malac.
The weekly intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1891-1901, 1899-01-07
FEMININE HANDWRITING.
The Large style Is Becoming Common
and Is said to Indicate q
breadth of Mind.

Many deductions have been drawn
from the increasing size Of feminine
handwriting. II is quite true that the
modern young woman win take up with
a few words In her slapdash caligraphy
as much room as her maiden aunt would
have needed for judlcious epistle up
on q serious subject. But II 10 not fair
10 argue that, as the size Of hands has
grown, the letters formed by them must
necessarily follow suit. Because sevens
are now habitually stocked In gloves
and fve-and. a-half's quite difficult to
obtain, largeness of handwriting is
none tho less Of moral rather than ply
aical Significance. The biggest man I
know writes microscopic hand; the.
woman whose pen describes the largest
curves has tiny and dainty fingers.
Other observers will find similar re-
sults. II Is the brain that influences
the writing. Viewed from this stand
point, one Is able TO congratulate the
present day woman upon at least one
Of her characte teristics-breadth OF
mind. She would seem to be emanci-
pating herself from the habit so dis
tressing in her sex, Of paying undue
regard to the little things OF life.
1t should be added, however, that
there Is large type Of writing, ag-
gressive, obstinate and complicated,
with certain well-defned signs of ego
tIsm, which, in lieu Of breadth, means
nothing more elevated than morbid and
passionate absorption in one subject
only, that subject being frequently the
qualification OF self.
But we are speaking Of the normal
type, OF this / say, without fear OF
contradiction, that 1t indicates a
healthy absence Of small fault findings
and Observation-Disclosures Times.
The weekly intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1891-1901, 1899-01-07
HENRY wATrERsoN's TICKET
The Famous LouisvlIis Editor Advises
Democrats to Nominate Dewey for Pros
idsnt and Lee for Vice President

Louisville, KY, Jan. 1.--Henry Wat
terson had characteristic editorl al
In the Courier-Journal for New
Years greeting. In IL he nominates
Dewer and Lee for the presidential
ticket in 1900 as the last hope OF the
democratic party. After q review Of
the 1896 campaign and a reiteration Of
his statement that free silver Is rs
dead as African slavery, Mr.. Waiter
son says:
The voters have about made up their minds
that party pledges are made chiefly 10 be
broken. The democrats, backing on this cir
cumstance, should put up ticket without q
platform Let them nominate candidates for
president and vice president who are plat
form In themselves, and. II they can induce the
great admiral and the gallant general TO ac-
ecpt, here Is the card TO win
For president, George Dewey, Of Vermont,
for vice president, Fitxhugh Lee. Of Virginia
Platform-The stars and stripes.
The bloody shirt, having served Its turn, has
gone to the old clothes basket The president
knows his business At the opportune moment
we shall see Mckinley and Joseph Wheeler
march down 70 the footlights hand IN hand, the
Gag above them. beneath them, emblazoned on
q strip OF red, white and blue, The land We
love from end to end or words 10 that efecl
and then what are the democrats going TO dt
about IT, How ore they going TO meet It
Their only hope Is for q new shuffie, cut ant
deal Of the political pasteboards
There must be no Qulbbling about constitu.
| tional technicalities where the right Of th'
government TO acquire territory Is involved
but constituting II as q heaven-sent responsi
bility, they must take the ground that this ter
rltory shall be governed only upon democrati
principles, looking 10 one OF two ultimate con
| clusions-either annexation as states OF tn
union, or independent republics under Ameri
can protection