The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1899-02-26
L'gth. Brd'th.D epth. p M

Teutonic 80. 1880 300 $40 AZ 1Z,VO
Campania =. 1898 600 Go Ais ...-..
Kaiser With.
Oceanic .... 1899 6s5 So 40 2S,5OO
These steamships also illustrate the
great development in marine engines that
has taken place during the latter half OF
the century, caused by the use of steam
at higher pressures and compound engines,
both double and triple-expansion. In the
case of the Great Eastern we find four cy-
finders IA inches in diameter and four "a
inches. Then taking the Servia, single
| screw steamer with double compound en-
gines, we have high-pressure cylinder q
inches in diameter and two low-pressure
cylinders of 100 inches each. Coming to
such ship as the Campania, we have the
| twin-screws and the engines arranged in
pairs, the cylinders being two 81 inches In
diameter, two 70 inches, and four 9S inches,
the length of stroke being feet inches.
In the Oceanic the cylinders measure H.5,
| IS and SO inches and the length of stroke
will be feet
In the matter of pressures employed
there has also been considerable change.
The working pressure of the Great East
ern amounted to from Is to % pounds to
the square inch, that of the Servia was 30
pounds, the Teutonic $50 pounds, while
the engines of the Oceanic have been de-
signed to run at 1872 pounds pressure. 1t
will be seen from the table that while the
Oceanic has greater length than the Great
Eastern, 1t is much less in beam, but so
substantial is the construction that both
the displacement and actual weight are
greater in the case of the modern ship. The
draught also is much greater,as the Ocean
ic will draw 32.5 feet, as compared with
25.5 feet for the Great Eastern.
These facts made the launching of the
Oceanic an engineering feat of no small
dimensions. and unlike the launching of
the Great Eastern, it passed off most sue
cessfulfy. The Oceanic is now in the water
undergoing completion, and if all expecta-
tons are fulfilled, she will be in service
before the end of the year, In appearance
the new White Star liner resembles The
Teutonic, but has no turtle back fore and
aft, being so high and Tong as to render
this form Of protection unnecessary. She
has three musts for convenience in hand
ling the cargo, and her tunnels are some
what higher than those of the Teutonic.
There is the straight stem and elliptical
stern, but what is of more interest is the
shape of the huh, which follows the ira
ditions of the White Star Line in favor of
a long, narrow boat, originated as long
ago as 1874 when the Britannia was con-
structed with length which bore the alto
of 1907 10 l to the width.
At first there was considerable opposition
to boats of comparatively small beam, but
this feature, which was introduced by the
late Sir Edward Harland, and ever since
adhered to by the firm, has always been a
characteristic of the Whate Star steamers.
Furthermore, it has been adopted for sew
eral large steamers now under construc-
ton, and 1t is reported that two of the
older liners soon to be remodeled will be
made on this plan. The object is 10 have
a low bilge and long middle body, carried
we'll fore and aft and the result is, in
the case of the Oceanic, that she has full
width for at least half her length. There
are two bilge-keels, which extend for $50
feet along the bottom and also fiat bar
keel The vessel has seven decks in all
five of which extend from stem to stern
and are completely plated. She is of the
twin-crew type, with three-bladed propel-
lers, twenty-five feet in diameter, whose
blades are made of manganese bronze The
rgines are triple-compound inverted Of
the direct-acting pattern, and are of 2S 900
indicated horsepower. The boilers are OF
the return-tube pattern, doubie-ended, OPP
posite pairs of furnaces, delivering into a
common chamber. They are placed
athwart ship. and the boiler-rooms, in
common with the rest of theaship, are ven
tilated by electric fans. The Oceanic will
carry 410 first-class passengers, 800 Sec
OhN-SthSS dAo 4,VVV StctIdBeg Wnlie OInCerS,
men and other members of the ships com
pany will number S94, making a total of
2,104 persons.
The Oceanic bears the same name as
a former steamship of the White Star Line
which was launched In 1878 and was 400
feet I'm length with a tonnage of 3.7O7.
While there is no question about her be-
ing the largest ship ahoat, it cannot be
claimed for her that she will prove the
fastest, as power rather than extreme
speed was taken into consideration in pre-
pairing the designs. There will be no rec
ord-breakng, but the hope is expressed
that the average time OF passage will
compare favorabiy with the ocean gray-
hounds that possess greater speed but less
power to resist storms and heavy weather
For a steamship to leave Liverpool on
Wednesday and be at her dock In New
York on the following Tuesday would re-
quire an average speed of twenty-four
knots, and would make necessary an in
creased consumption of coal and almost
prohibitive rates of passage. Instead the
owners of the line desire 60 make sure of
regular trips which viii land the passen-
gers in New York on Wednesday rnornine,
at s o'clock, and which will be in ali re
spects perfectly comfortable and safe.
In addition to her size, the Oceanic win
be unique In still another respect. inas-
much as she possesses the greatest coal
endurance Of any vessel afioat, being abIe
to steam 24O00 miles at speed of twelve
knots Comparing the Oceanic in this 70.
spect with the Teutonic, it Is stated thar
she can steam % 400 miles in eighty-one
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