davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Scranton tribune. [volume] (Scranton, Pa.) 1891-1910, 1899-07-18

Try the "Joy Maker" Cigar, sc. -
Bellows Falls times. [volume] (Bellows Falls, Vt.) 1856-1965, 1899-08-12
women who Never Speak.

The severity of the Bernardines OF
Anglet, Sisters of st. Bernard, most
resembles that of the famous Trappist
monks. The nuns take VOW Of per-
petuaI silence. The nunnery is situat-
ed in the southwest corner of France,
On the borders of Spain. and under the
shadow Of the Pyrenees. 1t was found
ed by the Abbe Cestae. Every hour of
the day is carefully mapped out. Each
time the big clock Of the monastery
chimes lthe hour, every nun falls on
her knees and spends few moments
In prayer. Out in the fields 1t is mar
velous to see how we'll the oxen know
these chimes-directly they hear them
they stop instinctively, starting on
their way again the instant the sisters
rise from their knees. The Bernard
ines have no fear Of death. Indeed,
On the contrary. they long for it.
When the first superior of their orler
lay dying. she had an interview with
one of the nuns. who implored ner to
intercede on her behalf in heaven that
abe too might die soon. The superior
smiled and In am inspired voice said
that in month her request should be
granted On the day of the burial,
rust as the coffin was to be closed. tne
nun drew near the body. whispered in
IT'S ear. ana slipped note into the
dead hand. imploring the superior not
10 forget her promise. just month
from that date the nun, too, passed
sway, and SO the promise was fulfilled.
Bellows Falls times. [volume] (Bellows Falls, Vt.) 1856-1965, 1899-08-12

trade when independence was de-
clared In 1776 all the colonies hold
slaves.
Slavery, said the late Senator In
gals. disappeared from the Northern
States "by the operation of sociai,
economic and natural laws" and 1.-THE
North did not finally determine to de-
stroy this system until convinced that
Its continuance threatened not only
their industrial independence but their
political importance" In the course
of years ''the peculiar institution" as
sumed sectional character. The war
between the states preoipitated a cri-
sis. President Lincoln then began the
work of emancipation. "As command
er-in chief Of the army and navy In
time of war, suppose have the right
to take any measure which may best
Bubdue the enemy.
view the measure (the proclamation)
as practical war measure according
to the advantages it will offer to the
suppression Of the rebellion.
Bellows Falls times. [volume] (Bellows Falls, Vt.) 1856-1965, 1899-08-12

Whitney Of Boston, who has large quaint.
tics left over in the making OF cheap gas
For roads that cannot procure it in son q
such way as this, coke is too expensive
The Fitchburg and the Boston & Maize
railroads are interested 10 the attempt
to give cleaner passenger service.
In addition to the coke burning they ara
experimenting with crude petroleum to Law
the dust. 1t is sprinkled on the roadbed
twice in a season and gives promise OF serv.
ing the desired purpose. The Fitchburg
has few miles treated in that way and the
Boston & Maine has gone Into it more ex.
tensively. Should the coke and oil both
give satisfaction, as now seems probable
travelling by raj will be much cleaner than
it has ever been,-Keene Sentinel.
Bellows Falls times. [volume] (Bellows Falls, Vt.) 1856-1965, 1899-08-12
Things Abolished.

These are some OF the things the New
York Life has abolished in lite insurance
contra is. They remain in the policies of
other companies.
1. The words " Null and void"
2 The words g Risks not assumed by
the company"
8. The words And all payments there
on shall be forfeited to the company"
4. The words Which application is
hereby referred to and made part of this
contract"
5. The words " The assured shall not. y
The new policies Of the New York Life
Insurance company are absolutely free Of
all conditions, and are nonforfeitable after
the first premium is paid. They are
backed by over 1925 100000. They are
the most liberal contracts ever issued by
any company. Those contemplating insur-
ance should ask l.. S. Hayes regarding
them.
Bellows Falls times. [volume] (Bellows Falls, Vt.) 1856-1965, 1899-08-12
A Great Attraction.

Next Tuesday evening Pierce's Ameri-
can and Spanish war exhibition and illus
trated lectures will open at Bellows Falls
and give five exhibitions for one week, and
Judging from report they will be well
worth seeing. This entertainment consists
of moving or animated pictures projected
on huge screen by means of Edison,
Wargraph or kaleidoscope. The pictures
are true photographs OF scenes from the
late war and interesting to every beholder.
Among them are scenes of charging c.val-
ry capture of Spanish fort; battle be-
tween Spaniards and Americans at Guam
tanamo; battle of Santiago, and many
others. Attached to the show are coined
ians who will appear in vocal and instru-
mental music, songs and dances, black
face specialties, feats of magic, etc. There
should be large attendance.
Bellows Falls times. [volume] (Bellows Falls, Vt.) 1856-1965, 1899-08-12
The Dukes UnmentionabIe Name.

The Duke of Veragua, who lost an
annual pension of $4,000 through the
cutting off from Spain of Che Cuban
revenues, does not appear to have
much idea Of the value Of money, at
Beast when 1t is the money of other
people. When he was in this country
during the Chicago exposition he COM
plained of the cost OF telegram he
wanted sent. but when he learned that
the signature was not charged for he
signed himself thus: Christopher Co.
lunfbus de Toledo Iarreatequi de Ia
Gante Almirante. DuQue de Veragus
de la Vega, Grande de Espana, Sen
ador del RENO, Oaballero de la insign,
Orden del Toison de Orc; Gran Cru.
de la Conception de Villarimosa. Gen
til Hombre de Camara del Rey Dol
Alfonso XIII.
Bellows Falls times. [volume] (Bellows Falls, Vt.) 1856-1965, 1899-08-12
President Sam of Haiti

It is far less easy to get to the pres
ident of Hayti than to Mr.. Mckinley,
Of the White House. The pavilion
like palace in the Champ de Bars,
surrounded by its little park. inclosed
by a tall iron grating, with lookout
boxes at the angles, a large and strong
military barrack at the rear. and field
cannon posted here and there, could
stand a considerable siege, and with
faithful garrison would be proof
against almost any mob attack
There is no end of etiquette involved
In the approach to Son Excellence, yet
was favored with fortunate oppor-
tunities for seeing Mr.. Simon Sam.
Tall and massive. with an immense
paunch. and features and hue that are
typically African, as you gaze at him
In his sumptuous uniform, gorgeous
with gold lace and a brilliant silk
scarf, you cannot help picturing to
your minds eye his hypothetical ap-
pearance as mid-African chief, with
huge feathers in his topknot, only a
rattle-beaded clout about his loins. a
nail-studded war club in one hand. and
about him a band of dusky savages
more naked than himself. instead OF
these struttfng gentlemen in tall hats
and European clothes, and these other
prancing gentlemen in gaudy trap
pings, with tinkling spuri and iingling
swords.
President Sam, however, is not, an
1t appears thus far. man to be per-
sonally feared. His selection was a
compromise. and he is only the figure
head of the present oligarchs, DOSING
as a moderate statesman, while in
truth he is only rather dense-brained
slow-witted and lethargfc old soldier.
e is understood that in state affairs he
Is almost wholly guided by his minis
ters, of whom Brutus St. Victor. in
charge of the foreign department. and
Tancrede Auguste, of the department
OF the interior. are probably the
ableSt.
Bellows Falls times. [volume] (Bellows Falls, Vt.) 1856-1965, 1899-08-12
SLAVERY LONG A THORN.

its History Years Before Unofe Sam
Abolished II
The negro question "a not OF recent
origin. The Iltad OF our woes began
In 1920, when negroes were first
brought to the colony of Virginia and
sold as slaves. Slavery antedates his
tory. The traffic Of Europeans In ne
groes existed half century before the
discovery of America The very year
In which Charles ". sailed with pow
erful expedition against Tunis to
check the piradies of the Barbary
States, and to emancipste enslaved
Christians In Africa. he gave an open
legal sanction "a the African sl.ys
Bellows Falls times. [volume] (Bellows Falls, Vt.) 1856-1965, 1899-08-12
Virginlan Mistaken For a Sea Ser.
Dent.

Three lads who mistook William Barnes,
a wealthy resident of Port Norfolk, for a
sea serpent and shot him through the chin
while he was swimming at midnight recent
ly were arraigned before magistrate the
other day and their cases continued one
week, says the Alexandra Gazette. Par
sons, the boy who fred the shot, declares
that he and his companions we're frightened
at the antics of Barnes, who is al expert
swimmer, and when headed tor their boat
feet foremost, squirting water, they thought
him ferocious monster of the deep and
fired. Barnes will recover.
Bellows Falls times. [volume] (Bellows Falls, Vt.) 1856-1965, 1899-08-12
Cut Prices in
Summer Shoes +!
All Tan Shoes offered greatly reduced prices

are now offered at greatly reduced prices.
Bellows Falls times. [volume] (Bellows Falls, Vt.) 1856-1965, 1899-08-12
Cleaner Travelling.

Not all roads will find it practicable to
use coke. Roads using anthracite will not
need to change, as hard coal is as cinder-
less and smokeless as coke. Only those
who can obtain coke as by-product will
give up bituminous. The Boston & Maine
ard Fitcbbu-g are both supplied by II. M.
Bellows Falls times. [volume] (Bellows Falls, Vt.) 1856-1965, 1899-08-12
Excursion Sunday August 20.

A special train will leave Bellows Falls at
Z 90 A. M, and Peterboro at 500 A. M,
Sunday August 20 for Lake Pleasant, stop
ping at intermediate stations only 81 %
for round trip from all points.
Mary E. Lease of Kansas will speak at
2 o'clock. The Schubert quartette Of Bos-
ton and Stratton's Operate Orche stra will
furnish excellent music during the day.
Bellows Falls times. [volume] (Bellows Falls, Vt.) 1856-1965, 1899-08-12

In trying on her brothers clothes q
Montana woman pulled the necktie too
tight and was strangled.
The National tribune., 1899-08-17

WILLIAM SAUNDERS,
Iorticulturist and Superintendent Of Gar
dens and Grounds.
different parts of the world, who were
instructed to secure and send to this coun-
try cuttings, plants, and seeds for distri-
button and trial here. In this connection
it is Interesting to note that we owe the
possession of our fine-wool flocks in the
United States to the opportunity afforded
to our representative in Lisbon, during the
Napoleonic wars, to secure thousands of
Spanish merino sheep and ship them to
this country, thus laying the foundation
for the now well known distinctive stock of
American merinos. Prior to this time the
Spanish grandees, who had a monopoly
upon the fine-wool product OF the world, SO
lealouSly guarded this strain that they
prohibited the export from the Iberian
Peninsula, and only yielded under duress,
preferring as last resort TO sell their focks
rather than to have them fall into the hands
of a common enemy.
The first appropriation of money by
Congress for the collection of statistics,
and the distribution of seeds and plants,
was in 1899, and amounted to the sum of
81 200, which was brought about by the
zeal and activity of the Hon. Henry u.
Ellsworth, Commissioner of Patents. He
Olliy oCSuicU llllo
alton as the result of several years effort.
The money was taken from the Patent
Office fund, and the work was done under
the Commissioner, who at that time was a
subordinate of the Department of State.
In his report, made in January, 1S41, Com
missioner Ellsworth stated that 10000
packages of seeds had been distributed
during the year, and that agricultural
statistics, as gathered in the census, were
being prepared for publication. These
statistics were published in 1912, with a
review of crop conditions and prospects.
The Commissioner also in his report re-
viewed the state of agricultural science, and
special notice was made of the manufacture
OF sugar from Indian corn, and the use of
lard in the place of whale-oil.
From this small beginning, and even in
the start, without an official head of its
own, the Department of Agriculture was
launched, until today it is one of the most
important in the affairs of the Nation.
No person was specially assigned to the
duties incident TO the agricultural work
until 1S49, when the DEPARTMENT of Interior
having been established, and the Patent
The National tribune., 1899-08-17
DIVISION OF AGRosToLoGY.

This branch OF the Department of Agrf.
culture was made n separate Division in
1895. with Prof. +. Lamson-Scribner as
Chict- The importance of this Divis-
ION will te understood when the. great
extent and value of the grass and forage
products IL considered. No other country
mas so large number of useful grasses,
and their estimated value is something
over 81 600 ,OOo,0O annually.
DIVISION OF SOILS. +.
This Division was established in 1894,
with Prof. Milton Whitney as Chief It
has for its object the investigation of the
texture and other physical properties OF
soils and their relation to crop products.
OFFICE OF PUBLIC ROAD INQUIRY.
The Office of Public Road Inquiry, es-
tablished in 1898. collects information con-
cerning the system of road management
throughout the United States. conducts
investigations into the methods of road
making, and directs the building of sample
rol1 at agricultural colleges and expert
meat stations. Considerable time and
attention has been devoted to the subject
of wide tires, to the use of convict labor In
road construction, and to the organization
of State and local road associations. Gen.
Roy Stone has been at the head of this
Division since its organization, first as
Special Agent and Engineer, and since
October, 1S93,a Director.
DIVISION OF ENTOMOLOGY.
The Division of Entomology conducts
Investigations concerning insects injurious
and beneficial to agriculture. The Di-
vision was established in 1888, and its
Chiefs have been Townsend Glover, G. v.
Riley. J. NJ. Comstock, and l.. 0. Howard,
the present incumbent. 1t has by means OF
The National tribune., 1899-08-17

without analyses or explanation. The
Division of Statistics at this time had about
5000 voluntary correspondents, and in
1876 Commissioner Watts called attention
to the fact of the inadequacy of this work
and secured from Congress favorable legis-
,ation for its improvement.
THE HON. VIM. G. LEDUC,
of Minnesota, was Commissioner during
the Hayes Administration and directed the
work of making the agricultural exhibit at
the Paris Exposition. He recommended
the erection of larger building for the
accommodation of the Department work,
and this recommendation has been pressed
by every one of Mr.. LIE Dues successors
with increasing urgency as the activities
under their care have grown and the vari-
GUS Divisions have been forced to go out
side the Department grounds and occupy
rented buildings. He was strongly op-
posed to the general distribution of seeds
| by the Government, and gave much atten-
| ton to tea culture, experiments in irrigation
by the use of artesian wells, and the pro-
duction of sugar from sorghum and beetS.
One of the most important and useful in
novationS was the investigation of diseases
of hogs and other domestic animals, in
Guiding pleuro-pneumonia among cattle.
DIR. GEO. 3. LORING,
of Massachusetts,, physician by profess
sion and a gentleman of fortune, who had
devoted many years to scientific farming in
Massachusetts. was appointed Commis,
sioner by President Garfield. He devoted
much time to the Investigations of tea
planting; sugar making from sorghum;
vegetable and animal fiber; economic in
sects; irrigation by the use of artesian
wells, and of the agricultural conditions
and prospects of the Pacific coast.
The most important achievements of
Commissioner Loring was the establish
ment of the Bureau of Animal Industry,
with a veterinary experiment station at
Washington under DR.. D. E. Salmon. In
The National tribune., 1899-08-17

The duties of the Weather Bureau are the
forecaSting of the weather, issue OF storm
warnings, display of weather and flood sig
mails for the benefit OF agriculture. commerce
and navigation; the gaugiGg and reporting
of conditions of rivers; the maintenance and
operation OF seacoast telegraph lines, and
the collection and transmission of marine
intelligence for the benefit OF commerce and
navigation; the reporting OF temperature
and rainfall conditions for agricultural
interests; the display of frost and cold-wave
signals; the distribution of meteorological
information in the interest of agriculture
and commerce, and the taking of such
meteorological observations as may be
necessary to establish and record the eli
matte conditions of the United States.
In 1898 the Bureau had $50 fully-equip-
ped meteorological stations; 253 stations
specially equipped for the display of warn
ing to mariners; 261 stations for the taking
of telegraphic reports of temperature and
rainfall in the growing fields, and over
3 900 other stations where voluntary OBJ
servers make records of temperature and
rainfall, reporting such observances to the
De partmeDt.
Since the ACQUISITION of Cuba and Porto
Rico several stations have been established
on those islands under the control OF the
Weather Bureau, and while other branches
of the Department are making extensive
Investigations regarding the soil and trade
conditions of the islands, the Weather Bu-
reau has been studying the climatic con-
ditionS.
Each year finds the work of the Bureau
more advanced. and already by its timely
warnings, millions of dollars of property
have been saved. In the Fall of 1894 alone,
it is estimated that 2,305 vessels, valued at
over S36 Goo eco, would have put to sea In
an approaching heavy storm and many
lives would have been lost, and great loss
would have resulted had it not been for the
Bureau. Flood warnings distributed
through the lower Mississippi districts
saved movable property to the value OF over
$f5, 200, 900 in 1897. =-
The National tribune., 1899-08-17

No Department of the Government is
more intimately connected with the daily
life of the people than that over which the
Hon. James Wilson presides, and which
has been practically great educational
institution devoted to agriculture and
kindred subjects. 80
The Department of Agriculture has
been of slow development. The Fathers of
the Government were deeply engrcssed in
financial, military, naval, and diplomatic
affairs, and, therefore, this Department,
which has to do directly with the affairs of
the vast majority of the people of the United
States, is the youngest in point of years.
The subject of intelligent investigation and
improvement of farming conditions in this
country is, however, not new one, be-
cause even in Colonial days Massachu-
sets, Virginia, Georgia, and the Carolinas
at least took steps to encourage in
various ways the advancement of the arts,
of husbandry, and we find special atten-.
ton paid in those days to the proposed in
PRODUCTION of silk-worms and the cultivation
of the mulberry tree. - .. ..--..-. ,
After the Revolution Benjamin Franklin,
Timothy Pickering, and George Washing
ton were conspicuous names in the efforts
to secure improvement in this field. Wash
ington in his last message strongly recon-
mended Government aid and the collection
of information. and procurement of seeds
and plants from other portions of the world,
with a view TO the introduction of useful
fruits and cereals into the United States.
Very little was accomplished, however,
except in spasmoiic way, and that through
the instrumentality of our Consuls in
The National tribune., 1899-08-17

Mark W. Harrington was the first Chief
of the Bureau, but III July, 1895, was sue
ceeded by the present Chief, Willis l..
Moore.
BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY.
To those engaged in stock raising the
Bureau of Animal Industry has been of
incalculable benefit, and by its investiga-
tions into the diseases of live stock has
rendered easy the control of many that
formerly devastated the country. This
Bureau was established in 1854, with DIR.
ID. E. Salmon, the present Chief, at its head.
At that time peuro- pneumonia had taken
q strong hold upon the cattle of the country.
The Bureau, with the help of States most
affected, undertook to eradicate the disease.
The work was most successful. and within
five years pleuro-pneumonia had entirely
disappeared. The total cost was about
81. ,Oo0, or less than five per cent. of the
value of beef exported in the year 1892.
This Bureau also has charge of the meat
inspection service. The number of animals
The National tribune., 1899-08-17

Chemist.
circulars, bulletins and correspondents
been of great assistance to the farmers and
fruit growers of the country.
DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SURVEY.
The Division of Biological Survey was
established in 1886, and has had only one
Chief, Prof. C. Hart Marian, who was
appointed July 1, 1886. The work of this
branch is the study of the distribution OF
animals and plants.
SECTION OF FOREIGN MARKETS.
This section is destined to become one Of
great importance, dealing as it does with
foreign markets for our products. Mr..
Frank II. Hitchcock, a graduate of the
Harvard University, is its Chief During
the few years of its existence the Section
has prepared number of bulletins dealing
with our export trade, and pointing out
advantageous markets.
OFFICE OF EXPERIMENT STATIONS. /
The Office of Experiment Stations repre-
sents the Department in its relations to the
experiment stations which are now es-
tablished in all the States and Territories.
Its efforts are directed to the dissemina~
ton of general information of value to
agricultural interests. At present one of the
The National tribune., 1899-08-17

GEN. Roy STONE.
Director of Office of Public Road Inquiries.
many are technical, much interest attaches
to this branch. MIR. w. Z. Cutter is
Librarian.
MUSEUM.
The Museum. under the care Of Ma
thaniel Shatswell as curator, is one of the
most interesting features TO the visitor in
Washington,
DIVISION OF ACCOUNTS AND DISBURSE-
MENTS.
The Chiefof this Division is Mr.. Frank
J.. Evans. Its work is the adjustment of
claims against the Department, and the
decision of all questions involving the eX-
penditure of money,
The National tribune., 1899-08-17

other inquiries which he inaugurated for
the public benefit was an investigation of
the cranberry rot in New Jersey, and the
i subjects of mushroom growing, ramie
cultivation, and pests incident to grapes,
peaches and plums. He also was the first
Commissioner to give much attention to
forestry interests, and he made a valuable
collection of woods and timber products
which formed conspicuous exhibit at the
Centennial Exposition in 1876. During
his term, too, the work of the Weather
Service received a new impetus by being
Department for the collection and more fire.
quent publication of the results which here
tofore had been of little value to the public,
being confined TO monthly scientific reports
in the shape of meteorological summaries
furnished by the Smithsonian observers
The National tribune., 1899-08-17

carried on in Maine, Connecticut, New
York, New Jersey. Pennsylvania, Mary
land, Virginia. Tennessee, Kentucky,
Ohio, Indiana. Illinois. Missouri, Kansas,
Arkansas and Texas. This work re-
suited in the study Of incubation, from
which followed the discovery and use of
The National tribune., 1899-08-17
BUREAUS AND DIVISIONS.
WEATHER BUREAU.

a branch of the Department of Agricul-
ture of the most practical benefit to the
varied interests of the country is the
Weather Bureau. Established as the
meteorological branch of the Signal Service
in 1870, and for 20 years conducted under
the supervision of the Chief Signal Office,
u. S. A, the Weather Bureau as such. was
not officially recognized until 1890. when
it was transferred by act of Congress to the
Department of Agriculture. The formal
transfer took place on July 1, 1891.