The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-12-10


said, must mako herself by means Of liberty, OF
VIC must give up trying 10 make her" lie had an
absolute trust that people would always come
sooner OF later TO the truth. Hence his anxiety
10 deoentraizs, his steady refusal 10 tamper in
essentials with the liberty Of the press his un-
willingness 20 subsidize governmental organs.
lie was no hard economist. Moral considcra.
tons always weighed most with him, but he had
an answering faith in liberty of industry and
commerce lie had felt the fascination Of social
ism. but he thought II as dangerous as its near
ally protection: and though, at times, he was
almost an enthusiast for sCti0l legislation. he
teens to have thought more often tha' the State
should go no further than TO encourage private
Initiative, and TO make taxation fall lightly on
the poor
Cavour applied the same principle ~ freedom
to the problems OF Church and State. lie had no
deep religious instincts; but he had real belief
that Church untrammclled by State control
would have fruitful part to play in social e,olu-
ton. Clerical intolerance he hoped 10 cure by
undiscouragcd tolerance on the other side: he
would have left the Church In full possession Of
her property. mistress Of her own discipline and
ritual, n free Church In free State, which should
learn responsibility from freedom, and eN-
ist in independent amity with the civil govarn-
ment II IL more difficult 10 shy what was his
exact position in 1880 as Ia the position Of Pied
mont and Italy. He hoped 10 see the Austrians
expelled, and some day the Temporal Power de-
stroycd theoretically no doubt he always be-
licvcd In free and united Italy But here. as
In all else. he was an oppJrtunst and refused to
tie his hands by any system. His immediate
object was 10 make Piedmont prosperous, and
when the chance came for her TO her innu
once. 10 make tho best possible terms for the rest
OF Italy lie was probably, too busy 10 concern
his thoughts much with what seemed 80 distant
topia az her unity: he was, certainly, too pru-
dent man to express himself about IL. Up IL
1851 he had hardly belonged 10 any party. Tn
der the influence Of the enthusiasm Of isIs he had
moved fas, in Liberal direction: the excuses Of
the following winter had turned him back toward
Conservatism, but, amid the reaction after No
vnra, he came TO believe that Absulutism was
more dangerous than dcmagogism. and his
irritation at ID Azeelios ccbcness helped 10 force
his dormant Liberalism slowly TO tho front again
Like Rattazzi though perhaps not so strongly
he saw the necessity Of forming n strong Minis.
erial party. You cannot govern on the point
OF a needle, was his criticism Of tho Parliamentary
groups which made a stable majority impossible
lie had tried hard To reconcile parties before the
Proclamation ~ Honcalicri. by which the King
dissolved the Chamber and ordered n new general
election. He would have liked TO work with the
hght, but he found II impossible 10 agree with
ho narrower secuon on religious and CONNER
.'ni quesuo'ls lie maze ms hrSt great speech
'n VIC ocoa'c on inc Siccardi laws, which were
aimed against ecClesiastcism, and were
passed In April, 1850. his success encouraged
MN 10 take line Of his own. lie began gently
70 threaten The Ministry and warned them against
homeopathic doses OF reform" They were
ptooaoiy conscious how much they needed strong
unan nd \ Ma "A a..
persuaded the reluctant Cabinet To appoint Cavour
70 the vacant Ministry Of Trade and Agriculture
on Oct II, 1850 lie will soon rule you all, the
King forctold. "he will turn you ont and I've Pre-
mier himself and Cavour at once began TO verify
tho prophecy by insisting on the resignation Of
one OF MS weaker colleagues.
MS appointment pioase1 The Liberals as seem
ing W pieuge the Cabinet To- further rCcles aStcal
reiofm- FOR the moSlcnL however his main
cares were economic and even before he became
FINANCE Minister In The following April hc
Ado 70 carry much oil his Tree radc policy into prac
uoe In some respects his legislation was merely
CONTINUATION oil earlier projects The laws 10
rc<uiAH lon' STOCK companies and agricultural
ioohs' .he NchemrS oil agricultural education,
Vi p''sn' fehHn. anu OF covering Piedmont with
ue,"ork Oh railways were par' OF the policy for
developing Piedmontese trade which had OBJ
''ni fingered IN Somo districts were abolished
anu |"'our hfs' measure was 10 repeal the
o'onn ossihe OF me MUNICIPALITIES These were
minor nin''ers compared with tho position Of the
HAehoquot favour b~heved that finance was
hia"o' Oh .ie " aea'h 10 the country. The indem-
my payable 10 Austria the expenses OF the army
"nu '"o suu''"s p'oniseo '" inc new railways
"e'e a''ppiihR ou'deh' ana the spectre OF hank
Iupes 'Wnnheu men VINO were no alarmiS's.
ine o"uke'o' 1901 showed dehcicncy OoO.
WV, "hea nad tisrn ~ per cent and the interest
on 'ne punho uep' mad mounted from less than
eSo'''oV IN is'' 70 eo'oooooo IN 1872 Prudence
iooh.o""o" p''cy o' reHehchment and IL
neueu "'u nhan'iet " ask the eoun-
wy " aau " It's debts Yet II Piedmont
"aa prepare Tor new war II was cs.
Sonuai 70 R'ep up the army, rebuild the fleet and
eap'nu n'so sums on ior''hca'ionS For the de
'o'opn'eh' oil her INDUSTRY II was equally no ccs-
aary " open new railways and 10 tunnel the Alps.
ino "unk INC across mo AP'nnlnos from Genoa
w urn had already madc good progress, and ,hc
""efhncnl ihciuuen Ill Their scheme continue
Hon 10 Aroma, a connection with the Lombard