davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25
Fax pnrers. ,,c,ynre.

Taxpayers who have not paid their
State taxes for 1899 should take notice
that they are now due. If they are not
paid on or before December list, 1890.
a penalty OF per cent. of the amount
of the tax will be added. AS Novem-
Der 30th is a holiday the City Treasu-
rer's office will be closed on that day,
but 1t will be open for the receipt of
taxes on the following day, December
1St
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25
Appr"'"."# Judge anrne". Rc.i-

The new set of condemnation COM
missioners to appraisc Judge T. S.
Garnetts residential property on Char
lotte street which was condemned for
the opening of Trjpoli street, met and
heard testimony of several real es-
tate owners yesterday afternoon in the
Corporation Court. The new set Of COM
missioners were appointed by Judge
Hanckel after legal battle between
Judge Garnet. represented by Mr.. a.
Z. Thorn. and City Attorney Taylor for
the city. The original award was ST, 900,
and Judge Garnett claims his property
is worth moro.
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25
L. B. Allen. Captain NJ. g. Keeling.
PORTSMOUTH,.

Colonel William H. Stewart. Colonc! J.
f. Crocker, William II. Parker. ESQ.
Colonel II. c, IIltdgins, DR.. l.. Aug Biii.
soly, Goodrich Hatton.
In addition to the lecture there will he
music at 7:45, and during an interval Miss
Kindred Williams will sing. Tickets may
be had at the drug stores of Messrs
Holmes, Burrow, Martin C Co., Calling
at Monticello Hotel j. NJ +. Trottcr
Seneca brothers. Wallace &c Moore, thu
book stores of Alfriend Sc Co., Vickery &
Co., and other places.
General admission 80 cents balconies
% cents. Seats may be reserved at III,
Academy on Friday, Saturday and Mon
day. no23-4t
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25

a New Undertaking Entnbltshmept
has been opened by Thomas Scotts
Sons e Co, at No. Sc Charlotte street
Funeral orders will receive prompt at
tention day or night. Mr.. George 7
McDermott, manager Southern ReIi
phone No. S97. oc15-tf
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25

We are headquarters for all railroad
watches. We carry the largest line In
the city. Call and see our stock and
learn prices. The Gale Jewelry Co.
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25
Ey ca Exnmined Eree.

DR.. A. Week manager Of the optical
department Of the Gale Jewelry Com
pany, will examine your eyes free. De-
fective vision and complicated cases
specially Invited TO call. je26-tt
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25

Take Laxative Bromo Quinine Tablet.
All druggists refund the money IL 1t fai
to euro. Il. w. Groves signature is o
each box. Csc.
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25
MONDAY. THE 27rH DAY or NOVEAf-
BIER. 1889. AT p. NJ.

MONDAY. THE 27TH DAY OF NOVEAf-
BIER. 1889. AT p. NJ.
under the auspices of the following COM
mittce and patrons:
Central Committee Relief Fund of ST
Vincent's Hospital-Hon. r. II. WILCOX
James W. McCarr,ck, a. +. Thorn, llon
James Il. Heath. Hon. Barton Myers.
PATRONS.
Richard II. Baker. Hon. T. S. Gar
nett. Colonel p; I; Woodnn, y. $. A.;
(;roner, Hon. D.. Tusker Brooke. Tazewcll
Taylor, Tench T. Tighman. John White
head, Hon. {. Brooks Johnston, Richard
B. Tunstall. Wyndham r.. Mayo, d. j.
Callahan. George Chamberlaine. Rev DR..
Simon Cohen, Lieutenant William Trux-
r. ievill, G. NJ. Seerpcll. Edward S. Ma
honey. John Verm.llion. Henry r. Rear
don, DIR. Southgate Leigh, John Il. Jcn-
kins. Captain a. NJ. Higgins, Dr. e L.
Field. John J. Samucls. W. ID. Langley,
Charles Sharp. John G. Triton. George
Mcintosh Edward r. Baird, James T..
barry. Jr.. Colonel c. a. Nash. Frank p.
Colonel Walter II. Taylor. Commander c..
X Curtis. U. S. N: Captain Nathaniel
Burruss, Lieutenant Commander Reeves.
u. S. N: Joseph "a. Walton. ID. Lowcn-
berg. Colonel l.. D. Starke, j. w. Perry,
Dr-Lnhn- f. woodward, Henry Jones,
Samuel G. Phillips. John r. Lawler, DR..
George Rose. William n. Whaley. NJ. W.
w. Dey. Harry k. Wocott, John r..
Whitehead. Captain ". C. Wise, u S
NJ; r "A. Dodson. Colonel NJ. c. Muse,
u. S. NJ. C.
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25

Oxford clearinghouse suItings. ,
pleasure to show our large variety.
RUDOLPH & WALLACE.
1913 Main street.
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25

All In sight OF monument. Newest
Discovery" extracts teeth painlessiy.
y. Y. Dental Rooms. Ennes only. 32i
oiain street. corner Talbot.
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25

West Of England-n finished worsteds
for full dress suits. shown by the lead
ing tailors,
RUDOLPH &c WALLACE.
333 Main street.
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25
ROARDERS.

GENTLEMAN AND WIND OR TWO
w gentlemen can secure nice front
room with board IN private family. 1852
wood street. city. no25-3t'
ID OARDERS-LARGE WE'LL VENTI-
1e lated rooms at the Old Dominion
House, 20 Cumberland street. no17-1m'
F1 HE HOMD.-DVEHYTiIN NEW
Il and clean. table board $500; board
ana room HGo per week AL and as
Church street
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25

ID IANO TUNING.-WE WISH TO
u call the attention of the public to the
fact that ne have with us one OF our
tuners direct from factory, therefore
guarantee all tuning and repairing.
CFiAS. NJ. STIEFF CRANKY street under
Monticello Hotel, Norfolk, Va. Both
phones 1l09. noa2-tf
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25

A look through our line OF sutings
will post you on what to wear. You
know how we make and fit our gar
RUDOLPH & WALLACE,
1888 Main street
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25

Special wcaves for tuxedo coats and
vests imported by
RUDOLPHI G WALLACE,
1888 Main street,
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25

Il. ARGE PORTRAITS FOR CHRIST
Ia mas delivery. Orders must be given
us by December 18th. Celeron Panels, the
latest In photography. j. H. WHITE, 37G
Main street. NJ -
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25
<uplltftne

<aputtne
Cures La Grippe. Pains, Nervous Head
ache. Neuralgia, etc. Guaranteed. 15c.
and Zoe. bottle.
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25

rTr He METROPOLITAN LOAN OF
j flee will begin to sell all expired
pledges mt public auction at BI3NNETTS
AUCTION HOUSE, $50 Main street, ut
I.oo u. III. nolS-1m
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25
SPECIAL NOTICES.

A LII PARTIES HAVING CLAIMS
AGAINST TUG E. L. WILLIAMS
Will present same at office of e. T. VIII
Hams & Co., 40 Commercial Place, Nor
folk, Va 23-3t
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25
statesmen WANTED.

w IAN T Y D.-EXPERIENCED OIL
SALESMAN on salary with cx-
penses paid Can offer good thing TO
statesmen with established trade. THE a.
g. HARBAUGH CO., Syracuse, N. Y.
sel2-tu.sa. su, tt
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25

G TEEPI.E JACK NOW IN THE CITY.
- Any wishing work done IN that line
address y. j. BORDUC. 456 E. Main
street, city. noo3-3t
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25
: Office OF

ITt OffiCo OF
Greenleaf Johnson Lumber Co.,
November 90, 1890
MT1LL HANDS WANTED.-TWO SET
I'VE tiers, two edgers one log-declt man,
ten laborers: STEADY employment and good
wages. Apply at the company's office ut
the mills, near Berkeley. GREENLEAF
JOHNSON LUMBER CO. no23-tf
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25
FOR RELIEF FUND OF
ST. Vincent's hospital.
LECTURE UPON THE
"BATTLE OF WATERPROOF"

to be given by r. Devcreux Doyle. ESQ.
at the Academy of Music on
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25

Look before you leap" BE sure YOU
get Hoods Sarsaparila when you call for
it. and you will find health in its use.
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25

H UDSON'S ENGLISH KIrcHEN
~ Tho old reable-the pioneer of the
restaurant business in Norfolk: only the
DeSt inc market AFFORDS Mt very reason
hole prices. dining room for Indies and
E zen s74 Main street. tablIshed
Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-11-25

" u HAVE JUST RECEIVED OUR
w new funeral car and cnsket wagon.
both ii,u Of the latest design, and, persons
on us and get prices. J. l.. MORRIS &.
co. 6H Church street. New phone 1855,
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-01-10

The most powerful engine must stop ii
the fires are not fed. Man is the most Won
derful piece OF machinery in the world, yet
no matter how strong and well-made his
bodily frame may be- if the fire Of life
within him is not constantly fed his limbs
and muscles become poweTless and useless.
The reason men become helpless an
diseased is because the food tley eat,
which is the fuel of life, is not properly
digested and appropriated by the stomach
and nutritive organs. 1t is not completely
transformed into the strength and working
power which is to man what steam Is to
the engine.
That wonderful power making Goldea
Medical Discovery" invented by Or. K V.
Pierce, chief consulting physician OF the
Invalids' Hotel and Surgical Institute, OF
Buffalo, n Y. inbues the human, diges-
tive juices and blood-making glands with
capacity to extract abundant nourishnent
from the food. II builds up organic tissue,
nerve fiber. bard muscular flesh ana work
ing force. q gives man steam
What it did for Mr.. f. s. Hughes, of Junction,
Hunterdon Co. n a.. is given in his own words.
He writes: - received your kind letter, and
In reply would say that mine was a bad case of
kidney and liver trouble and that six bottles of
bottles OF little Pellets effected complete cure.
II is we'll known that almost every engineer is
troubled more or less with kidney trouble especi-
ally on our fast express trains. run one hur-
bred and fortv-four miles these trains every
day in the week, and have had DO return of the
trouble since taking the remedies, nearly three
years ago"
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-01-10
1892. RIGGAN'S 1899.
Toy and China Store.
Special Sales This Week-Bargains.
his Week-Bargains.

Cups Decorations
Special offering ......1Oc each
each
japanese Dinners each
will with Tablet
The is mentioned
buying and piece
Potsl a
Nickelwae Beautiful Bright Polished
Berlin Bakers and Servers
Cuspidores walters Cumb Trays
OF is
914inch while they
Fine
Box Paper "A sheets "a envelopes &c. &c. &c., 15 Double size 25c
Fibre 1nts a shades.
Thin
SETS inc Game
VISIT RIGGANSS CHINA STORE.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-01-10

son, Council, Ray, of Macon; Carr, Gill
liam. Craig, Thompson, of Onslow;
Gattis, Wall Leigh, Mclean, of Har-
nett: Nicholson, of Beaufort; Stevens,
Patterson, of Robeson; Davis, of Hay
wood.
The following additions were made to
committees:
Finance-Holman, Mauney, Fleming,
Whitfield, Johnston, Hendren.
Judiciafy-Bryan, of Madison; Giles.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-01-10
A SUMMARY or THE DAY.

Twenty-Five Bills, Two Resolutions AMI
One Petition Introduced.
Following is summary of the work
done by the House yesterday-bills. reso-
luficns and petitions introduced and the
disposition made of them:
PETITIONS PRESENTED.
Petition for relief of Il. NJ. Waddill,
of Cumberland county. signed by the
.nhysicians of Fayetteville and settins
forth that Mr.. Waddill is an old Con-
federate soldier who, by reason of
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-01-10

prepare an omnibus bill incorporating al
acts repeating laws of 1897. Tabled.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1899-06-21
single day, That was in Egypt,

a single day. That was in Egypt,
where the sun is very strong.
The English mode of signaling by
flags differs from the French in minor
details, which are kept secret. But
this secrecy doesn't amount to much,
considering that the Britishers, like
other nations, use the Morse alphabet.
The Russians have adopted the
French lantern system for distances
from one to two miles. These lanterns
are constructed on the lines of bicycle
lamps, having a bulls-eye lens, and
being fed by oil. On long distances
the Russians use lime light appara-
fuses constructed as. follows: There
are two tanks filled with oxygen and
hydrogen respectively. The hydrogen
is lit and, the oxygen gas mingling
with it, produces colorless fame.
lime block placed in the fame is rem.
dered incaudescent and its light, re-
fected from mirror, is sent forward.
The mirror is a sowerful parabolic,
resembling in shape the end of an
egg. The concave portion is the re.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1899-06-21
New Game of Lawn Golf.

Those who ara anxious to learn the
game of golf without all the violent
exercise and immense amount OF
tramping up I'LL and down dale which
the real thing calls for, will welcome
the new game of lawn golf. OF course,
golf cranks and enthusiasts will scoff
at it, but lawn golf will give beginners
a very good idea of the rules of the
game, and from this they may gradu-
ate into full Aedged golfers.
The most particular and cranky
lawn owner cannot object to lawn golf
being played on the velvet verdure of
his cherished lawn. No holes need be
made in the ground, and after the
game is played, the clubs and cups
and bunkers can be gathered up,
packed in their boxes, and put away
out of sight.
Lawn golf is played with small
sized golf ball and implements some
thing like golf clubs. The course can
be laid out on an ordinary lawn, and
constantly altered at will. In place
of bunkers little fences provide the
necessary Instructions, and, instead
OF the holes of all ordinary putting
green. there are saucers Of tin, with
holes in their centres. The saucers
are turned upside down in any de-
sired position, and, as might be i'm
egined, it is no easy matter to drive
ball into them.-New York Herald.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1899-06-21
DEWEY STARTS FOR HOME
Departure Of the Cruiser 0lympis
From Hong Kong.
Salutations Exchanged With British and
Italian Warships-Admiral Wishes
to Avoid Demonstration.

HoNa KoSa (By Cable).-The United
States cruiser Olympia, with Admiral
Dewey on board, has left here on her home
ward cruise. There was 10 demonstra-
tion. It was blowing and raining hard at
the time Of the warship's departure.
Consul Widmnn remained on the Olym-
pia until the last minute, with few friends
OF the Admiral, who went on board to bid
him farewell.
While passing the British cruiser Power
full the band OF the Olympia played the
British national anthem and gave bugle
salute. There was no fri g. The Powerful
replied with q similar s.. tie, and her band
played Hail Columbia"
As the Olympia passed the italian Ad-
miral's ship the Olympia's band played the
Italian national anthem and gave an Ad-
mirals salute. The compliments were re-
turned.
Then the Olympia's band played "Auld
Lang Syne," and the band OF the Powerful
played Home, Sweet Home"
Admiral Dewey Is apparently anxious tc
avoid all demonstrations.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1899-06-21

from the cemeteries formed consid-
erable Item in the revenues of each
parish church. It cost all the way
from seventy cents to $40 to secure
funeral services and burial in these
cnnsecrated grounds. Plots of ground
were assigned to such families as de-
sired them on annual ground rent
terms, or else "ovens" in the ceme-
terry walls. capable Of containing q
corpse, were assigned upon an annual
rental fee. If the rent was not paid
within five days of the expiration of
any year the corpse was dragged out
and the remains, bones and ashes,
thrown upon the "bone pile"
In the cemetery at Havana when
the Americans took possession of the
city the dump pile contained literally
millions of bones, and thousands Of
whitened skulls. The American eu-
thorities have ordered these horrible
stacks of bones buried, and this par
ticular "sight" can no longer be seen
in the island. Paupers have been
buried with the slightest of earth Gov
ering.
Some of the cemeteries are distin-
guished by beautiful tombs and pieces
of memorial statuary, imported from
abroad and erected by the richer fam
lilies of the communities.
Under the new order of affairs the
city governments are claiming the
cemeteries as municipal property and
the church authorities are tenaciously
pressing their title to them as the
property of the church. In Cienfue-
gos the commanding general has al
lowed the city authorities to take
charge of the cemetery and reform
the past abuses. General Brooke,
Governor OF the island, hos notified
both parties to the controversy-the
church on the one hand and the city
governments on the other-to submit
their claims and proof in each case,
and the decision will then he finally
rendered as to which is the owner of
the cemeteries and entitled to control
them.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1899-06-21
EUROPEAN ARMIES STRUGGLE FOR
SUPREMACY TN MILITARY SIGNALING.
Devices That the Next War Will Bring Into Use.

In NIL European armies now great
.ttention is being paid to the signal
corps, aud each nation every now and
jhen vaunts itself over the others with
;he announcement of the discovery of
some new method Of signaling, says
;he New York Press.
The really reliable systems OF mill
:ary signaling arc few, and none of
them is exactly new. In our own
army the heliograph and the wig
wag" system of flag signals are most
relied upon. The captive balloon at
Santiago was only qualified success,
but it has not diminished the ardor
with which European powers are
seeking to solve the balloon problem.
The bravery and the efficient work OF
the signal service men in the war with
Spain received high praise fro: all
the foreign attaches and from our own
Government, but Europe seems loath
to take up our system of signaling.
With every nation on the Continent OF
Europe military signalingis military
hobby, and each rides its own especial
hobby hard, and spends sreatam
Of money on it.
All over Europe experiments are
going on constantly in military signal
ing. Every bright young officer and
every crank regards the signal corps
rs the body which shall make his fame
and fortune by u ilizing his invention.
And it would seem as if every King
aud Emperor aud ev,ry field marshal
lay awake nigh to think up some
new invention fer that branch of the
service.
No matter what branch of the SER
vice has to 60 short on funds in a Eu-
ropean army, the signal corps gets
what money it wants. That the sig
nal service of an army is of the first
Importance is not to be denied, and
ou- own corps will compare in ef-
fciency with any in the world. But
in Europe the corps is fad.
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1899-06-21
Moose and Caribou Cemeteries.

The Forest and Stream contains the
following contribution from a Quebec
correspondent concerning the habit
moose and caribou have of going tc
the same place, season after season, to
shed their antlers:
"Ths idea of the animals seeking
definite place for this purpose was
quite new to me, but lately the eff.
cient SUP erintendent of Game and
Fisheries at Quebec, L. q. Joncas,
ESQ.,, has told me that they do fre.
quent such places, and that this habit
was quite we'll known to him. He
knew of many and mentioned several
places where horns could almost Ger.
tainly be found at any time. And not
only do they go to shed their horns,
but they go there to die. These
places are known as cemeteries, and
whole skeletons are occasionally
found. This, however, would be rare,
as the bones would usually be torn
apart and scattered by bears and other
carnirora.
"Mr. Joncas instanced the case Of q
gentleman going to certain region
for geological exploration, who asked
for a permit to shoot moose out OF
season in order to get good pair OF
antlers. He was told that by diverg
ing a little from his route he might
reach a place where he would find
plenty of them. He did so and Sc
cured FIVE excellent specimens"
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1899-06-21

The German Emperor is credited
with having said the other day: $50
important will be the part played by
military telegraphy in the war Of the
future that the army having the most
efficient system of signaling will hold
trump card which may be of most
decisive influence on the conduct and
success of the war;
Another German authority says:
Electric telegraphy, with and with
out wires. is a main branch of the
service, and not only with the
pioneers, but with every troop, in
fantry, cavalry, artillery and railroad
ers. The German army, adhering to
its principle of meeting the enemy on
the latter's own territory, must needs
possess greater alacrity in and better
facilities for, building electric tele-
graph lines than the French and Rus
slams, the Austrians and Italians, who
might be eager enough to keep war
out of their own territory, but who
are behind Germany in the rapidity of
mobilization.
Neither the German nor the other
European armies rely exclusively upon
the electrical telegraph, which may
fail for various reasons, the principal
one being that the ordinary COM
mercial lines, as we'll as the field lines
established in their stead or for the
purpose Of supplementing them, may
be destroyed by the enemy or the ele-
ments, thus robbing the commanding
general Of the means for COM
municating with his subordinate COM
manders.
The Germans, like other nations,
rely largely upon optical methods of
signaling. The favorite device ofthis
kind in tho German army is the sema-
phore, which is made more efficient
The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1899-06-21
colors are placed in the ends of the

colors are placed in the ends of the
cones.
Personally the Kaiser has more
faith in the captive balloon than in
any other optical means for telegraph
ing. The German captive balloon is
furnished with means for photograph
ing, and the parties in the car COM
municate with those on the ground by
means of. the telegraph or tele-
phone. For telegraphing an instru-
ment similar to the Morse apparatus,
arranged in compact form, is used.
The system is practically that used in
this country.
For the signal corps of the German
army the brightest men of each bat
talon and regiment are selected. They
are thoroughly drilled in all the man
euvres connected with the transpor-
tation, the erection and operating OF
the apparatuses. Each German signal
station is manned by five privates, a
non-commissioned officer and lieu
tenant.
In the English army a similar num-
Der of signal men are employed with
each company. squadron of cavalry
and battery. The French employ eight
instead of five men; the Russians think
four men of each company sufficient
for the service.
The French army employs as opti-
cal telegraph flags and lanterns. The
flags are worked according to the naval
code and Morse alphabet. French
signalers are said to be able to execute
100 movements per minute. To sig
nal the dot of the Morse alphabet the
French hold up one flag. Two flags
represent the dash of the Morse al
phabet. After each letter there is q
short pause, after each word longer
pause, the latter being accentuated by
the flag being held over theT. head of
the signal man. If the telegram is
finished the signal man repeats the
last word three times. If the receiver
doesn't understand the operator he
raises a flag with his right hand to his
head. Of course, flag signals can only
be used in daytime.
At night the lantern is employed
when search and fash lights are not
available.
Signal lanterns are handled after
the fashion OF the fsgs, dots being
marked by opening and shutting the
slide respectively. A dash is marked
by exposing the flame four times
longer than in case of O dot. Thus
dispatches Of twenty words can be for
warded in a minute.
The Austrians follow the French
method of signaling in all but the size
and form of flags. To the standard
co!ors of black, white, red, blue and
yellow they add green. Green plays
also part in tbs Italian flag signals.