Evening journal., 1899-03-25
AEARClIG EXPLORATION
EPIICpLE UP-TO+DATE AIROPO5
OF THE IjATEsT EXPEDITION.

ElPITCuME UPITO+DATE AIROPO5
OF THE IJATlEsrT EXPEDITION.
AT uhe London institution DIR. H. r.
NEIL delivered a lecture entitled The
Story OF the Anltarstic." in which me
bHraly traced THE history Of Antarctic
explcratlon. Beginning with THE early
.GL lselK tdsa CT the world as 4 Hat disk
surrounded by the River Oceanus, he
showed how this was gradually mcdi-
fsd by dhe nction Cf the spherical
form of THE earth and 1he increase Ot
knowledge general.ly till in the second
century we found IN Pt0lemy's great
map the first concepticm OF that AMT
arctic continent whLCh had given rise
to so manly daring explorations. Then
followed a long period Nf intellectual
sleeip, THE depth of which was i1ltis-
trated from two maps in which the
ealrthl was agaih nepresented fat as a
paincake. The lecturer then referred to
the voyages OF the Portuguese, and d5-
sCarihed how VascJ da CANA S dlscov-
cry OF THE open sea route cut on Afrilca
from the Antarctic ccntnarlt. After
mliniEcn OF THE tlIeu.izinHs ci THE six
teenlnh century, fnclu5fng LecnArdlJ da
Vinci's lucky guess at .lle tc.m cli the
aiud under THE SculhJ.n Pc.e, he de
lscrlbeld tlhe Spanish aJbsmp,s 10 fad an
independent passage to the Spice Is
lands. and told hl.m nIaIge'lan,Hl miss
ed Australia by about 100 miles, Show
ed that the continents or Hhe north
wsre cut off from This AnltaI'ctic cCndl-
nlelnt. In 1922 a Frenkh expedition was
sanls to lcck fcr thls supposed fair
sciuJhslln lalnliD amid later tnle two expe-
Cn3icl-ls tf Kerguelen RESULTED i'm THE
discOvehy and occupation of the Land
cif DsEc-alllCnl But III was not emily tina
Flremth who weIre seized with the idea
OF this greatness icf the southern ,ainlh
"a ScotChman named DalIymple was
so convinced clf tae Immense extent OF
unexplored ternltcry I'm dhs south ilhas
HE olttaersd the CCricesai-n rt elhs rislhi,s
to exploit it. This first ship, however,
to onccs tine Antarctic Cincle WAS THAT
cf hs r'kel, Captain Cock. III was Tins
latter who, in his e5dlnii voyage, un-
l6srtal1en 10 find cu5 whe.l1sr f1lane was
gry ocnnirIant gave THE first real ac-
count cli this Scuthenm OCEAN and
rmOvei thIsnla WAS Ia southsrn land
uaach1rg Uip into thle asmpdrate zine.
lTIhsncefo-waii lAn.arC5lG exploration
/ ltls anne a scientific, NOT a cclrmgnd.al,
lousstioml Betwean 1887 anil 1913 lhres
great govsHnmenl5 eXp5LU51ons were dis
lpstohad-Icnle American, ore F'ranclh
lanll o1la BirJ'eh lluGi .riRccs. II, ,laashieve-
lmri-gs cf tha last rhmed explorer, who
was accompanied by Sir Jc-rh
Hool0er, rlcw dhe last survivor Of the
expdifticn, were briahy des1TjSd1, and
NJ was menHl- uod Nhat he raacla-i as
far as Hanm and Hudson had r5adhsd
l,ncreh 500 years age. al rar,ch OF
laverted inteuCet ereus1. frcken IN le5z
by THE v.sr OF Dunh7a anil Norws 2lan
Winters TO Those sCVtllrrl uaglculs llhs
| lCharceriqsr eNpaditl-nl. tco, EIclt just
within tine Autama,lc Cuc.e, and -'s me-
suits were interesting. b'seause ihisg
linl5,uectly proved the exist5nice or .ana
Wi Ibin ihe circ.e. AT tshe present usine
two cxpadftlcre wens ru the fleid-one
end out from Belgium, the ounlar Dy
Sir GeorgeN Newnss. After clh lNlnls scine
letat'sahsr df.granls 1rcenuea 10 lilahe
th,o ausierce nieaHze hhs int1'5s extent NJ
th,s l,nlsxnlomcA area lytnls Vfa.sr iihe
e-r,4Tlles,7IooGe. thls lec.EC-rt .iai3 ua ''l ey
,.elserrins, TO fhls German eEr a1ll u on nlo'W
tsirlz crganized. ard to tn's ensrus E1'
l,scr.h nv the Royal GeIslsr aplnScai g,
esssv sl7asr faidlng to gain tine "A ~
sr,s sgovennment, to obtain TINS lnEysnfSs sls1s.
o- e',,x Gunner, of ehIs publ'c for BrlEisn
lAntarctic expedition.-'Lcnl-t iill's''