davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11

Potato flour, Consul Malin says, is
used in Austria in many lines of bak-
cry and confectionery work. 1t makes
a beautiful white and light cake, and
is better than corn starch. where this
would be used in being without the
peculiar taste 1t is cheaper than
wheat flour. To make it the potatoes,
after being washed, are placed on ra-
pidly rotating machines set with teeth,
and are then crushed in such manner
that the starch is separated from the
cells which contain it. Water is freely
used in this process. sweeping away
the extracted starch and carrying it
into vessels, to the bottom ofwhich it
settles. The starch is then put through
a refining process to remove all foreign
PARTICLES and to thoroughly cleanse it.
The final step is to dry une starch, usu-
ally in n special drying machine.
The analysis of the potato flour, eX-
cludng water, which, of course, is Il
considerable element, is: Pure starch
-four 0S9S- per- cent? mineral sub
stances, Oh per cent; albumen, O.2S
per cent; starch, covers, etc, OBI per
cent
What is left of the potatoes after the
starch is extracted is fed to cattle and
swine and is said to be available also
for sundry uses in distilleries, brewer
les and sugar factories.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
Geography.
BOXWELL.

H. B. Schaal, Examiner
l Bound the Township in which
you live and give its area.
2 What is Longitude? Latitude?
What is the greatest longitude a
place may have? Also the greatest
latitude?
3 Name the different zones and
the width of each.
Define watershed, haven, sound
channel, and archipelago.
What do you understand by the
metropolis Of a, country? Give the
metropolis of the following countries
United States, Mexico, Europe
South America and Australia.
Name and define the princlpa
occupations of mankind.
Z Bound and give capital of the
largest state in the Union. Also the
smallest.
8 Name the states of Centra
America. Also the three islant
groups of the West Indies.
8 What two republics of Soutl
America have no sea coast? Nam,
capital of each.
10 What and where are the follow
ing: South Bend, Wabash, Mendo
cino, Tahoe, Corpus Christi, Cam
peachy, Cotopaxi, Cattegat, Naples
and Constance?
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
BOXWELL EXAMINATION.
Arithmetic.
ROXWELT,.
MAY 6, 1899.
Neil. Examiner

A. L. O'Neil, Examiner
| Name the fundamental rules OF
Arithmetic. Tell why so called?
2 When 8 79-1l25 acres of land cost
$l297 what will 8 of an acre cost?
3 A merchant bought 10 casks OF
wine of 25 gallons each. He paid
1880 for the wine, $7834 tax. $33 30
for transportation. He sold it for
SO 4-5 gallon; how much did he
gain?
If q man earns $l2 week and
spends on the average $l0.125 week,
in how many weeks will he save
$3.50.
5 If peaches are worth 81 25 a bask-
ct and it takes dozen for a basket.
what is the value of 1892 dozen
peaches?
6 A merchant sold 10 2-7 yards of
silk at $425 per yard; what change
should he give back from 8 ten dol
lar bills?
I What must be paid for 1879 paw
ing stones at $9.375 a hundred?
What part of piece of cloth has
merchant sold who has cut of and
sold 3-16, 5-32, 1854 and 740 of it?
8 1T 8 barrels of flour are worth $63,
how many barrels of apples at s3 q
barrel will pay for 70 barrels of flour?
10 A merchant receives 81 boxes OF
oranges, amounting to 25 bu, 3 PIX,
7 qt. Only 81 Of the fruit was fit to
sell; how many bushel had to be
thrown away?
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
To utilIze tho coeeanut.

Mexican capitalists have just pur-
chased large tract of land on the
.sla de Carmen. off the coast of Cam
)eachy, which they will devote t., the
cultivation of the cocoa palm, and the
iectlon of n manufacturing establish
nent in which all parts of the cocoa
luts are 10 be converted into valuable
merchandise. The fibre will be work
ID into mating, and also made into a
packing to be used in warships be-
ween the armor and the body of the
Yessel The oil of the rut Is to bo
pressed out and worked into palm oil
md soap. Finally, the milk of the
nut is to be distilled, after fashion
n use in India, where 1t produces o
nuch-sought-after liquor.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
SELECTING the nresdinn Female.

While fully realizing the Importance
)f the male farm stock breeding, due
Importance should be given to the se-
ection of the female in order to OBJ
ain the highest grade progeny. Short
less or chubbiness of form in the fe-
male should be carefully avoided, as
such animals are not good breeders.
)f course, the opposite extreme is just
is Objectionable, The animal should be
,lean cut with fine head, light jaw
md long neck. The limbs should be
tellcate and of good length-that is,
hey should not be short and knotty
lor yet long and thin. When the COW
las horns avoid choosing for breeders
hose with short thick horns. II is
lifficult to describe the ideal animal.
)ut the points are instinctively appar-
mt to any close observer. In short,
probably the best way to judge is to
lecline any female that has mascul-
ne look in any marked degree, forS
AS may be safely taken as an indlca-
ion that she will fall short of the
mark, in some important respect, as
breeder
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
Culture of Water Cress.

Salads now form an important part
of the BIZ. of fare at all hotels, and
water cress is extensively used for
salad making as well as for garnishing
many meats and vegetables. There
are many farms in the country
through which streams of water flow
that might be prohtably utilized in
growing cress. The plant belongs to
the family Of aquatics and prefers a
situation along the loamy banks of
running streams. The running brook
Is an ideal place for water cress, and
as such streams seldom freeze, the
cress, being covered with water, is not
injured in cold weather, The seeds
may be sown in July, simply being
scattered over the water to find suit
able Judgement along the bank, or cut
tings may he set in the mud along the
banks Of streams at any time, prefer
ably in midsummer, when the water
is low. When cuttings are used the
mud about them laust be firmly pres
sed down to prevent them from being
washed out by the ebb and flow.
The cress crop is easily gathered,
shears being used to clip the tops as
they rise out of the water. They are
marketed from Christmas until late
spring and always bring good prices,
yielding three or four crops during the
season,
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
REDUCE THE FARM AREA.


The day of large farms has gone by
in the more thlcklg pOpulatcu states
of the Union, and " would be well for
farmers to learn ~ fast as they will
the truth of the oil saying, which is,
in substance. that one acre well culti-
waited is more profitable than dozen
indiffercntly titled. If every farmer
in this country could sec the plots of
made ground meas New York City,
less than an acre IN extent. that year
ly support in good shape family of
sevcrai persons, th,'r wouid be q cut
ting up of farms tlat would astonish
the world. These small farms (O,
many OF them consist simply of soil
carted onto bare rocks. and in some
instances the soil is barely three feet
deep. BY the use Of hOtbcds and cold
frames these plots of ground are
cropped nearly the entire year. In
early summer it is no uncommon
sight to see three OF four men at work
on each of them.
Here is an object lesson for farmers
in all sections. In the south, for cX-
ample, there is scarcely Il section
where two or even three crops cannot
be raised from the ground each year,
yet it is the exception rather than the
rule when this is done If farmers
can bring themselves, especially those
who are near fair markets. to handle
five acres rather than twenty, and ten
rather than forty, dcvot'ng all their
time and energy to getting the most
out of this small area, they viii make
more money with less hard work than
now. Concentration is certainly an
application to farming as to other in.
dustrieS.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
TEST QUESTIONS.
MAY 6, 1899.
History and Civil Gov.

A. M. Brown, Examiner
How was California acquired?
2 Who discovered Florida? When?
Pacific Ocean?
8 In what presidential campaign
was the U. s. Bank the main issue2
What made it the issue? Was the
will of the people carried out by the
administration that followed2 Why?
How did the Fugitive Slave Law
and the Personal Liberty Laws
differ2
What distinction, ifapy, between
o native and citlzen2 Between a
foreigner ard an alien?
6 What difference between present
mode of electing a President and
that first used? When was the
change made? Why made?
Z Give an account of the attack on
Fort Sumter.
8 What were the views of the po-
litical parties in regard to the War
of 1912? What was the outgrowth OF
those views? What political parties
at that time?
8 Was Missouri admitted as free
or slave state? Give reasons for your
answer?
10 When did Columbus become
the capital of Ohio? What cities
were capitals of the State before Co
lumbus?
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
Fruit Culture and Beea.

The fruit grower who Is able to han
lie bees without much trouble will
ind them not only profitable in them
selves, but of great value to his Or
,hard fruits. AS a rule the blossoms
)f fruit trees are well fertilized by the
various insects of the section, but in
many cases the domestic bee has
made orchards profitable that for
years failed to set fruit blossoms in
my quantity. Many bee culturists
make a practice of setting the hives
the orchard, to the advantage of
,otn bees and trees. The objection to
his practice has been urged that bees
sting fruit of various kinds, especial
y grapes, pears and plums, This is
lot so, for bees rarely, If ever, pune
mre fruit, although frequently found
aking the juices from fruits previous
INJURED by birds or In other ways.
rhe best results from bees In the
rchard are obtained when the trees
ire low. This Will enable the bees to
)ollenize the blossoms all over the
Tees and will also make the gathering
If the fruit easier. Try hive of bees
among the trees that have been shy
bearers and note the results.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
con" Years in Fruit Bearing.

The "oif" and ION" seasons peculiar
to orchards fruits, particularly to ap-
pies, have puzzled more than one fruit
grower who has vainly attempted to
procure varieties that Were annual
bearers. While this is perhaps not
possible to any degree of certainty,
1t is quite possible to change the fruit
ing season and obtain fruit in the "off''
seasons of surrounding orchards. Pick
ing the fruit off one season will cause
the trees to bear the next and it is
therefore comparatively easy to have
4 yearly crop by denuding some trees
and allowing others to bear. This
same plan may be carried out on indi.
vidual trees by picking the fruit off
one half of the tree alternate years.
Unquestionably the thinning of fruit
which has grown to be a general prac.
tice, has resulted in better fruit and
more regular bearing will come nearer
to being the rule than at present. The
plan TO accomplish this woulu be to
entirely strip some twigs of the fruit,
leaving others close by to perfect their
specimens, The next year this years
fruiting twigs should be thinned leav-
ing those thinned the previous year to
furnish the crop for that season.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
History and Civil Gov.
BOXWELL.


A. M. Brown, Examlner.--
/ From whom was Louisiana pur-
chased? What was paid for it? When
bought?
2 Which Presidents served less
than q term? Which more than one
but less than two full terms?
Between what dates was the
Civil War? War with Mexico? Sec
ond war with England? War with
Spain?
4 In what respect was Franklin's
services valuable to his country?
What is the number of Repre-
sentatives in Congress? How long
do they serve? What is the number
of Senators? What is the length of
their term? What salary do they
receive?
What was the Ordinance of '87?
7 When and where did First Con-
tinental Congress meet?
s How is Marietta connected with
the history of Ohio9 How Chilli
cothe?
8 Which was settled first Virginia.
Massachusetts or New York?
10 Name the thirteen original
states.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11

This illustration shows the form and
markings of new apple recently ex-
hibited and which received certifi-
cate of merit from competent judges.
1t is Il product of New York State and
evidently an accidental Seeding. The
tree is of spreading habit and strong
growth, with clean healthy foliage
and is very productive. The fruit is
Of medium size, slightly ribbed. In
color it is bright red, striped with a
darker shade and lightly dotted, The
The flesh is white, 1ine grained and of
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
POULTRY FOR EXHIBITION.
The Importance OF breeders Being Posted
as TO the Points In Fowls.

The Importance OF breeders Being Posted
as to the Points In Fowls.
The great importance Of being posted
as to the points in fowls bred for com
petition at fairs and exhibitions is OBJ
vious. Sometimes seemingly stand
nrd-bred" birds are excluded arbitrar-
lily, but, in fact, for dlsqualitications
that are evident when pointed out.
Speaking of the American Poultry AS
sodatlon, article l of the constitution
gives the above designation of the So
ciety. 1t Is not the intention to pub
lish here the entire constitution, but
simply to call attention to article 3 to
post our readers as to the requirements
of the standards.
Before any breed or variety can be
admitted to the standard II must com
ply with the following requirements
| to-wit 1t must be able to produce
more than 80 per cent of the chickens
true to the type and characteristics of
| the breed or variety; the breed or vari-
/ ETY. must have been exhibited at three,
at least, of the exhibitions which the
American Poultry Association shall
hold at it's annual meetings, and both
male and female specimens of at least
! two generations must be on exhibition
at the time when the breed or variety
shall come up for admission to the
standard, in order that the members
of the association mny inspect the
same to determine upon the thorough
bred character of the fowl. If the fowl
applies for admission as new breed
1t must possess new breed character
istlcs. and if it applies for admission
as a new variety it must possess the
characteristics of the breed of which
1t is a variety.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
Orthography.

A. M. Brown, Examiner
| What distinction between sub
vocals and vocals? How many sub
vocals? Name some.
2 Write four words each contain
ing letter that represents the sound
of e.
8 Spell boodwor, sheek, mizlto,
forsible, ekstasy, tizik, frais, sheckle,
baroosh, malliable.
A Indicate the correct pronuncia-
tion of leisure, root, lever, dishonest
ally ,gneiss, daunts, surplice, ,pomace
hymeneal.
Define auricle, elucidate, or.
thoepy, optician, litigation, ejacu'
late, rlsible, e,tyrannize, chronological
cessation.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
POTATOES FOR SEED
Retarding the sprouts Claimed to be Pro-
ductive of Fest Results.

ductive of Fest Results.
For years there has been an annual
controversy over the question of the
superiority of northern grown seed
potatoes for planting. The several ex-
perlmenting stations have reported
results of tests favorable to both sides
of the question. The hard-headed po-
tato specialist makes good his argu-
ment in favor Of northern grown po-
tatoes for seed in this manner: I'm
doubtedly the climate of the north is
more favorable TO the growth of the
irish or white potato than that of the
south, and it naturally follows that
the tubers intended for seed will not
sprout as quickly in the north as in
the warmer climate of the south,
hence lose none of the vitality neces-
sary to make good top growth. This
seems plausible, and the same object
retarding the sprouts may doubtless
be accomplished by keeping the tubers
in cold storage. This retarding of
sprouting is the foundation for the
claim that the second crop of potatoes
Is best for seed purposes, for ripening
later in the season they naturally
sprout later than the earlier matured
tubers under similar conditions of
temperature. In the south obtaining
the second crop for seed Is an easy
matter and is well worthy the consid-
GRAFTON of southern potatoe growers.
In the middle states the second plant
ing is done about the middle of July,
the seed being selected from the first
crop harvested early in the month and
spread out on the barn floor in the
sun for ten days or two weeks to be
"Sun-Sprouted." The tuberS from this
second crop are as good for the follow
ing seasons planting as seed tubers
| from the far north.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
Arithmetic.

A. l.. O'Neill, Examiner
] Upon what principle is cancella-
tion based? Write the table used by
surveyors in measuring land.
2 If IL men can empty a cistern in
to which water is running uniform
ly in 40 min. and Is men could empty
the same in 30 min., how many
minutes will it take Is men to empty
it?
3 A certain number has been divid-
eddy one more than itself, giving a.
qoutient of l-5; what is the number?
4 What>per cent: in advance of the
cost must merchant mark his goods
so that after allowing 496 of his sales
for bad debts, an average credit OF
mo, 1879 of the cost of his goods
for expenses, he may make a clear
gain of 1496 of the first cost of the
goods, money being worth 80?
A, b and G rent farm owned
by A and G In shares which are as
8 to 16. Bpays $3.50 as his share.
How shall A and @ divide BIS $25Of
6 A fly takes the shortest route
from a lower to the opposite upper
corner of room l8 feet long, 16 feet
wide and feet high; find the dis
tance it walked.
z An agent sold flour at 7N COM
mission; after increasing proceeds
by $500 ordered him to buy cattle
at 31d% commission; they declined
33a% and my total loss was $l02.20
get value of flour.
8 Sold two horses for the same
price, gaining 20% on the one ant
losing 2O% on the other, if my ne
loss is $25 find cost of each?
8 A, b and G live at the vertice'
of a triangular farm containing a
acres; the distance from A to B is 8
rods, from b to G 200 rods; find th'
the distance from A to c..
10 Henry's age is 4 times Mary
but in IL years Henry's age will b.
only 21s times Mary's; find the ag
of each.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
Geography.

H. B. Schaal. Examiner
What is Geography? From what
is the word derived? What other
branches of study are included in
the study of Geography?
What is meant by the Solar Sys-
tenn? BY the Universe?
3 What is Planet? Name the eight
principal planets in their order from
the sun. In the order of their size.
Define the following: Horizon,
Zenith, Nadir, Lagoon, Bank and
Bayon.
6 What do. you understand by
Border Seas? Inland Seas? Give
example of each.
What are winds? What causes
them? Name and define the three
classes of winds.
What mountains are on the
boundary between Massachuse t S
and New York? Between Tennessee
and North Carolina?
8 What countries of Europe have
no sea coast? Name capital of each.
3 Name the princiale colonial pos
sessions of Great Britain.
10 What and where are the follow
ing: Managua, Malta, Juan Fernan-
dez, Cyprus, Crimea, Adrianople,
Olympus, Combodia, Port Said and
Deadwood2
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
Sheep Rot.

This is a highly contagious disease.
Once 1t secures foothold in flock, IA
dical treatment is necessary to entirely
eradicate it. 1t is not blood disease in
the sense that it originates in the
blood, yet there can be no doubt when
a sheep has been lame for a consider
able time from this disease the blood
becomes, affected, and, in this case
when the feet are considered cured the
germs of the disease, carried by the
blood, will cause new outbreak. On
this account in treating the disease it
is good plan to give some good blood
purifier like sulphur, as an aid to
thoroughly ridding the flock of foot
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
Grammar.
BOXWELL.

bOA w ELL.
H. b. Schaal, EXaminer.--
| Name and define the different
classes of the common noun.
2 OF what does parsing consist?
3 Outline the adjective.
4 Write the synopsis of the verb
TEACH in the Indicative, subjunc-
tive and potential modes, active and
passive voices.
8 Write sentence having clause
for its subject and diagram it.
6 Write letter to the American
Book Co. of Cincinnati, o., for some
books which you wish to purchase.
Z What is amodifier? An element?
Name the principal and subordinate
elements o. a sentence.
Define grammatical and logical
predicates.
|. 8 and 10 Diagram and parse:
/ can only scatter some seeds
which each must water and quicken
for himself for to tell all UOutd be
to live every ones seperate life and
write it in fuIL.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
Physiology.

A. M. Brown, Examiner
/ What are the parts of the ALI
mentary canal? What is the function
of each part?
9 Explain the different ways by
which the muscles are attached to
the bones.
3 What force expands the lungs in
breathing? Why do the lungs fill
with air2
Trace the blood, stating its gains
and losses and where they occur.
Why should meal consist of a
variety of substances?
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
Theory and Practice.

A. l.. O'Neil, Examiner
| State briefly how attention may
be cultivated.
2 Define Imagination and mention
two uses of the term.
3 What is verbose questioning?
Should it be practiced?
For what purpose is the recita-
tion? How do you conduct your ad.
vance reading recitation?
8 What books have you read with
in this school year? Quote from two
of them.
6 Tell how much valuable time is
lost in the school room by the teach
er's mismanagement.
The neatness and completeness OF
your manuscript on this branch will
determine your grade on writing
and also the standard of work de-
manded of you from your pupils.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11

The inquiry is being constantly made
as to how the sex of fowls to be hatch
ed can be controlled. Several state
ments have been made on this ground,
but there is no way by which the sex
can be controlled TO certainty. This
much is known, however, that if old
and healthy males are mated with pull
lets the results of the hatched eggs
will be largely cockerels, and if cock
erels are mated with hens that have
been in good condition and producing
eggs steadily, the majority of the
Young chicks, in most cases will be
pullets. Still there is no certainty,
about the matter.
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11

blossoms are white, crimson, rose or
white spotted with shades of crimson.
The blossoms are large. of attractive
form and last a iong while on the
plant.
Cyclamen do well in the ordinary
window among Other plants, requiring
only a fair amouns of sun and mois-
ture. Like other IIants of bulbous
nature, the bulbs may be dried off in
the late spring after the plant stops
blooming and started up again in the
fall, the blossoms being larger the
second year
The Ohio Democrat. (Logan, O. [Ohio]) 1886-1906, 1899-05-11
PLANT PROTECTOR.

can be constructed at n moderate cost.
Like many of the best homemade de-
vices, it can be put together in the
winter when there is more leisure
than Mt any other time. AS will be
seen from the illustration, the protec-
tor is in a sense n long, narrow hot
bed, or rather cold frame, as no bot
tom heat is used. The cut shows how
1t is constructed. Care must be taken
that the side pieces are sufficiently
heavy to support the weight of glass
and to stand firm on the ground. The
frame is braced from the inside at the
ends and in the middle and may be
made of any convenient length, usu-
ally. six or eight feet. The largest
glass possible is used and is put in the
narrow way. Ventilation may be
readily given by sliding the glass or
removing a section. In the use of this
protector on warm days care must be
taken that the plants, especially if
young, do not suffer from lack of wa
fer