The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-02-19

tlem6h Of Piedmont and Savoy for entering tn,
General Stan. He tells us that the course o
instruction lasted five years. and that the les
sons in French and Italian literature left mucl
to be desired. On the other hand. mathematici
and military tactics were admirably taught
and those who failed subsequently to distin
guish themselves had only their own lazines.
or incapaelty to thank. Among his companion,
atlthis military school were Camille di Cavoul
and Aiphonse la Marmora. or the former. we
are told that when. as n small boy. he
joined the college. he showed uncommon acute.
ness and Intelligence. Endowed with n won,
derfuf memory. he was a prodigious reader
particularly OF political and historical works
and he had a passion for mathematics. The
revolutionary events Of 1921 produced a strong
effect on him. and he evinced a desire to follow
and investigate the conditions OF Piedmont
and OF other countries. He induced. therefore.
an elder brother to come into the parlor at the
Academy. which was always empty during
play hours and. from behind the thick grating
which, separated the pupils from visitors. he
listened to the newspapers that his brother
read aloud. Habitually studious he was not.
but. during some weeks before the xamina
tons. he would put on n squirt. and always
cam out first. We are reminded that. in 1S4S.
Cavour was the editor of the newspaper called
the RisorUimcnto. and. in the conduct OF it. dis
played extraordinary activity. Besides arti-
cles in his own journal. he wrote reviews
In French and Genoese magazines. all designed
to prepare the way for the redemption OF Italy.
TO be accomplished by the Piedmontese. and.
above all. by himself. 1t was not until four
years later that he became Prime Minister.
Even after the resignation of D'Azeglio. in 1852,
Victor Emanuel feared that. II Cavour were
made the head OF the Cabinet. the Pope would
turn completely against Piedmont. and that
thn rAuy AYintutnr f,s1ht n1,o n-Iro;l l;,, x-ith
Austria and Russia. The King tried. therefore.
TO form n Conservative Cabinet before sum-
moning Cavour. but the attempt failed. No
sooner had the latter become Prime Minister
than he proposed RattaZZi. tho leader OF the
Left Centre. as Minister OF the Interior. A
union between the Right and the Left Centre
had already been started in the Cham ers by
Cavour. hut the King. who then hardly knew
Rattezzi and was afraid lest his party might
un,ernine the monarchy and Join with
tho extreme Radicals. refused. Cavour now
became arbiter of the destinies, not only
Of little Piedmont. but of all Italy. With rare
ability he took advantage OF the political emf
grafton to Turin. From Southern and Central
Italy and from the Lombard Venetian prov
inces men came to Piedmont to enjoy the
liberty which had been momentariIy conceded
by their own sOvereigns. only to be cruelty
snatched away. The eXiles were received with
open arms: nearly every house had one as a
ledger Cavour made their acquaintance and
helped them. Gradually "A large number OF Re-
publieans. struck by the loyalty and good sense
OF the King and the extraordinary intelligence
OF his Minister. were persuaded by the latter to
join the parry Of Constitutional Monarchy. He
was thus already laying the foundation Of an
independent and strong Italian kingdom.
Meanwhile. the conduct Of foreign affairs 10y
Cavour had been so successful that. ~pronting
by the condition of Europe. little Piedmont
made a treaty with France and England for the
defence ofTurkey against Russia's aggression.
on condition of furnishing u contingent Of
$4,000 men.
We learn from Gen. Della Rocca that. at the
time. public opinion at Turin was decidedly
unfavorablc to the alliance with Franco and
England. and still more opposed to the on
petition to the Crimca. Count Cavour was
hotly attacked. and the King also was blamed.
as very few people at the time understood the
benefits which were ultimately TO accrue from
such a policy. Tn" Piedmontesc part of the
war resolved itself into tn" brilliant battle of
the Tchernhya. which was to have considerable
influence on the destinirs of Italy. 1t was
demonstrated To Europe that Trance and Eng
land had sought the alliance OF Piedmont;
that the Sardinian army was well disciplined
and brave; that its sovereign was courageous
and ready to enter into any undertaking likely
10 serve his own reputation and tho gen.
eral interests of tn" Italian peninsula,
and that his Primo Minister was n
man > OF extraordinary ability and sur
rounded by u group of clever men from all
parts OF Italy. This participation in the
Crimean war was the first link OF the chain
forged by the skilful hands Of Cavour which
was to rivet Piedmont to the rest of the PENN
sula: the second link was his ASSUMPTION OF
n plnoa nnnpnp Tho anrnoo,tatiwa. - H.
European powers at tho Congress Of Paris.
Notwithstanding the intrigues Of Austria, Ca
Vour'sicceeded in obtaining q position in the
Congress equal to that enjoyed by the other
representatives. and he was thus enabled to
bring the Italian question officially before
Europe. He took advantage of the admiration
expressed by England for tho Sandman troops
to suggest that Queen Victoria should invite
Victor Emanuel to pay her Il visit, and arranged
that, at about the same time. he should be the
guest Of Napoleon Ill. in Paris. Cavour fore
Saw che success that Victor Emanuel. a man
frank and original in character and manner.
would have abroad.
We are told that the same party in Piedmont
which had disapproved OF the Crimean expe-
dition could not seize the Importance of the
success obtained 10y Cavour at the Congress- OF
Paris in 1856 or Of the impulse which he had
given to Italian consolidation. Many Turinese
that nothing had been stipulated
for Piedmont, which, had derived. they said, no
material advantages from the alliance and the
war. = The Milanese. on the contrary. the Vene-
tians and the Liberals in divers Italian prov
more clearsighted. and the aspira- |
tons OF lS4S again made themselves heard.
The King. Victor Emanuel. and his "incom-
parable Minister we're overwhelmed with
thanks. encouragement and prayers. "Ithink,"
says Gen. Della Rocca. that | am correct in
saying that the designs and expectations of
Cayour increased so largely toward the
end OF 1856 and during 1857, that he fore.
saw possibilities he had not before dared
TO calculate upon. With the help of
several Lomhards. Of various Sicilians and
OF the more remarkable members OF the Centre
In the Piedmontesc Parliament. he began TO !
weave the net which was to enfold all the chill
dren OF Italy. and which was TO realize his hope
OF seeing all the independent provinces Of the
peninsula united into one country" 1t will be
remembered thar, in January. 1863, an
attempt was made by Felice Orsini to as.
Napolcon III The author of
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