davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1899-07-06
pl,ou,.,on On Plant breeding.


CONDENSED from Farmers Review stem.
ographic report of Illinois State Hortt
cultural Convention.)
Mr.. L. H. Read was to deliver an adj
dress on plant breeding. but not be-
ing present the following remarks
were made:
J.. L. Hartwell.-I think that Illinois
is neglecting this work. Other states
are doing much in this line. A plant
developed in a certain locality will do
better than one that is brought In
from some other state or locality.
Professor Burrill.-The difference
between plant breeding and animal
breeding is that we have no plant ped
igree, which we can have. l read not
long since a report Of the Journeying
of an Englishman in Virginia in 1888.
He said that as he came west he met
good cattle going to the eastern mar
ket and some of them weighed 600
pounds each. That weight was con-
sidered good at that time, but the
standard is in great contrast to the
standard of the present time. And
what has caused the difference? The
greater attention that has been paid
to beef cattle has made the beef ami
NAL of the present day an animal of
marked contrast with the animal OF
fifty years ago. An animal that has
not a pedigree behind him is not
worth much for breeding purposes.
Now, when we want to get a pedigree
for an apple what shall we do? The
history of the apple runs back to the
crab. There has been no systematic
breeding. An apple Seeding comes up
in some fence corner and we know
nothing of it's parentage, yet If 1T
proves good we plant the seeds from
it and over and over and over again
we have been disappointed. There
have been few attempts to breed any
of the tree form of fruits, because 1t
takes so many years to get a few gen.
erations of tree fruits. In flowers
something has been done, notably in
Cannas. The Gamma is as far removed
from the Gamma as we first knew it, as
the present apple is removed from its
ancient parent the crab. But the
Gamma has the advantage in that you
can get a seed every year. I have nc
doubt that we shall pay a great deal
more attention to this line in ~he 'fu-
ture than we have in the past. I dc
not doubt that we will come to record
our plants as we do our animals. Now
grating and budding have been Of
great advantage in horticultural work
as they have made it possible for us
to preserve what would otherwise have
been of short life. But that very fac
has prevented us from breeding plants
and without the aid of grating WI
should have perhaps made greater ad
vance than we have. y = . We have
entertained the belief that we mus
get our hardy apples from the north
and it may be that this is a great mis-
take. We have presumed that tn
chief necessity was to harden then
against cold, but cold is not the mos
deadly enemy of fruits. 1t may b.
that our better course will be to 81
south and get apples that will stand
blight and drouth and heat. We maj
yet get our best results from Louisiana
and Mississippi.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1899-07-06
Making Cider.

To make ffty-four gallons of cider,
$40 pounds of apples have to be ground
up. Spikes and rollers tear and press
the apples into a pulpy mass called
pomace. This is shoveled into a pre-
pared place where men build it up by
hand into "cheeses" six to seven inches
high. Cheese after cheese is piled up,
a layer of reed between each two.
When the cheese is ready to be pressed
a wreath of straw called the crown is
put on, then a square of wooden
planks, then some blocks of thick
wood, and the whole screwed down by
hand as hard as possible. A lever is
then applied and worked, and at first
the juice ome freely, then more
slowly. When this happens the press
is unscrewed, slices cut off the cheese
on all sides and the lever once more
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1899-07-06
Crossing Corn.


Experience has t;ught me that this
is a mor subtle process than / have
formerly thought, and that If varieties
once cross, the type of either parent
remains in the blood of the race for
many corn generations, writes J. J. H.
Gregory in Our Grange Homes. To IL
dustrate: For a long series OF years l
had raised the Longfellow variety of
feld corn, and had always done my
own seed raising, exercising exceeding
care to have every ear the purest type
OF the variety, yet every season there
has shown itself two or three ears on
each acre of the old Early Dutton corn
and Of a very large kerneled sort,
somewhat later than the Longfellow.
Many years ago I planted in one Of
my lots located in the midst of a great
pasture and far removed from other
tillage land, a small plot of Mexican
sweet corn. AS most people know,
this Is a purple variety which is excep-
tionally tender and sweet, but it is
necessary to isolate it in order to keep
it pure. The seed 1 planted had every
indication in the way Of color of being
pure, but on some Of the ears from
which it was taken were kernels of
the color of the common sweet corn.
The crop was of all oolors, wholly I'M
At for seed. / occasionally find yell
low kernels among my sweet corn,
proving a cross between it and our
common yellow field corn; such kerr
nels when cooked show their cross ia
their taste, which combines the flavor
of both parents. To bring such a cross
out by isolated growth into a distinct
variety is the work Of years, though
within my remembrance it has been
accomplished in three instances. All
crossing is done by the fine dust from
the tassel, which holds the place OF
the stamina in flowers, falling on the
silk Of the ears. If there is no pollen
there can be no corn, as can be
proved by cutting off the tassel just
before the pollen natures. For this
reason varieties can be raised side by
side, and the one desired kept pure by
removing the tassels from all the
other sorts, or by planting varieties
that do not tassel at the same time
IuOuSn Ill SUCH CASE OA0 Wall DO oP" ~
find that the latest ears of the early
sort will show a cross made by the
earliest maturing rassels of the later
sorts.
An old farmer once told me the
story of a selfish neighbor who refused
him seed of an improved variety Of
corn. Never you mind, I will YET
have it," said he, land honestly, too
He watched his opportunity when thai
,neighbor located his corn patch on ar
iisland in the river which divided the
two farms, and planted a piece Of
corn on the river bank opposite; ht
carefully removed the spindles as they
appeared, with the result that the sill
was fertilized from the pollen from th'
corn growing on the island, and thus
that variety was transferred to thu
farmers cobs as certainly as though
1t had been taken kernel by kernel and
grated there.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1899-07-06
TelephOtography.
Spectator

Telephotography has recently been
applied to a novel purpose by Italian
engineers in the Alps, south of Mont
Blanc, where the frontier line between
France and Italy lies among the noun
tains. The telephotographic camera
produces a magniied picture of a dis
tant object, and by ear of such pic
lures the Italians have been able to
study the details of French forts which
they cannot approach neal enough to
photograph with an ordinary camera
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1899-07-06

The poultry raiser who is constant
ly complaining about bad luck is ad-
vertising the facts that his methods
are at fault.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1899-07-06

civilized being shudder at the thought;
yet in the Hawaiian islands these devil
fish, as they are commonly called, are
a much-prized delicacy among the na-
tives, while the imported Chinese and
Japanese have also acquired the taste.
In the large fish market at Honolulu
piles of these delicacies may be seen,
both in the fresh and dried condition.
The head of the family walks round
inspecting the heaps, and chooses the
n which appeals to his taste. This
the vendor deftly wraps in a piece OF
palm-leaf, leaving the stalk out for a
handle. The hook with which they are
caught is a most remarkable affair. A
straight piece of stick, about five or
six inches long, forms the backbone.
On the upper side is a shell OF the
b~rown-spotted variety; underneath that
is a solid block OF lead, while at the
other end of the stick two prongs or
sharp brass wire are fastened. This
is the hook, and it is wonderful the
success the Kanakas have with such a
primitive instrument.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1899-07-06

Modern theology teaches that mar
fell up instead of down.
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1899-07-06
Eook to Catch Devil Fish.

The mere thought of eating an octo-
pus is enough to make the everyday
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1899-07-06
Stop IN Waste.

From Farmers Review: In the fruit
industry the waste often consumes
the profits. An in%opportune rain or
wind at the time when the fruit is
The Dupuyer acantha. [volume] (Dupuyer, Mont.) 1894-1904, 1899-07-06
Higher Prices for BeeH.

Conditions in the West have been
severe for ranch stock on account OF
the hard winter, says the National
Provisioner. Even cattle which had
entered the winter in pretty good con-
dition have shivered much of that off
during the sharp, cold snap which
choked the ranges with snow and
made heavier feeding necessary. The
high price of corn and other barn
feeds has made stock owners chary
about converting this expensive food
into meat at the present price OF both
meat and grain in the market. The
immediate result is that special cattle
are high, while the general run of
herds is not as fine as slaughterers
would desire. The final effect will
be either a poorer grade of carcass
beef upon the market or such a rise in
the price of hoof cattle as will justify
feeders in putting expensive corn into
beef stock. AS packers are not dis
posed to market an inferior grade of
carcass stuff we anticipate a substan-
tial rise in the price of hoof and car
cass beef, which will not be much dis
turbed by grassers, for two reasons:
First, there are not in existence very
large herds of grassers. Second,
the class Of beef now demanded by
the general consuming public is OF a
better grade than that once known as
x grassers and Colorados. The
last season for their arrival found
them practically extinct in the Eastern
market, where it was their wont to
come. There are fewer now of this
class of beef stock. Under all the
conditions of higher food, and the
general shortage in cattle beef. good
beef must go higher.
Live Stock Values.-The magnitude
of the live stock interests in this couh-
try is shown by the fact that the total
value of farm animals on January /
1899. was $2,215, O53, 900. The highest
point ever reached by this value was
$2,507, O5O, 900, in 1889. The depression
in these values began in 1892 and
reached the lowest point Of 81, $50, 42O.-
900 in 1896, making a decline of fully
rs per cent. The upward tendency in
values began in 1895 and has contin-
ued ever since until now 10 per cent
Of the 25 per cent of shrinkage has
been recovered. This leaves 6 per cent
of that shrinkage still to be recovered
before the high-water mark of ten
years g Will be reached.-Ex.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1899-11-15
WEDNESDAY,. NOVEMBER IS. 1899
STATE APPROPRIATIONS.

We suppose It IS more or less true that
there is something like a surplus in
The State Treasury, and chiefly by reason
Of thu money that tho land-grabbers
law has brough. in And many and al
lurang ara the suggestions which have
been made as 70 how it should be spent
II even so many as one-third Of them are
adopted Virginia Will rue the day when
she had a surplus"
The law in question undoubtedly routed
out many delnquents, and made them
rush to the collectors and pay up; but
now that that is done the State will not
for many years have the regular income
she has always had from delinqucnts. In
other words. we have collected in one or
two years tho sum we would have col
lected ordinarily in eight or ten. SO we
need not become purse-proud because we
have an unusual sum in hand just now.
In our or MON, after the Legislature is
fully informed on the subject of the
States finances, IT is going TO be very eau
tlous about making extraordinary appro-
priations Not until the new assessment
OF lands is made in 1860 will the Legisla-
ture be justified In indulging In extra ex-
yenditures. except where the need there
for is most obvious and pressing. Posi-
bly, tho penitentiary management may be
permitted 70 use its net profits for
limited time in order to build an addition
10 the dollhouse but even this cannot be
counted upon as a Certainty. 1t was gen.
orally believed that the last Legislature
would give its consent to such PROPOSE
tom but the bill. after passing one house,
failed in the other.
II an institution which is putting into
The treasury about $4,000 or $4,000 per
annum of net profits, can Cat besO barely
get an appropriation from the Legisla
ture. II would appear that other seekers
after appropriations would not fare wen.
Whatever so-called surplus there is in
the State Treasury is due. we suppose.
first to the land-grabbers' act and next
10 retrenchment in criminal expenses,
and next 20 an Increase of revenue from
oysters, railroads. &c. But the State has
not only TO run the gauntlet OF new
assessment OF lands, with all Of its at
tendant dangers, but must lay by money
against the time when our bonds which
now bear per cent. will bear 3 per cent
interest
And so we think we are justified in be-
Meying that the Legislature is going TO
be very careful in spending money. We
submit that as a general proposition. 1t
is not for us to say which Of the claim
ants are worthy and which are I'M
worthy, which should be gratified in
whole or In part. or which should be
satisfied here and now, and which post
poned to a later day. All we presume to
remark is that the Legislature would
make far-reaching mistake II it acted
upon tho assumption that there is less
need for economy now than there has
been for years past in the administration
Of tho fiscal affairs Of this Common
wealth.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1899-11-15
SCARCITY OF CURRENCY.

A financial authority" at Washington
has expressed the opinion that the strin-
gency in tho money market in New York
Is largely due TO the policy of the banks
Of that city, seeing that as a conse-
uuenca OF their recently adopted practice
OF charging certain percentage for the
collection OF checks OF country banks,
these latter have transferred their de-
posits from New York TO Philadelphia
and other places.
The Philadelphia Record. however, in
commenting on this. says that the cause
OF the currency famine I'm New York and
other cyarters--for New York is not tho
ton OF the New York banks. Our con-
temporary points out that, notwithstand-
Ing tho tremendous activity OF all de-
partments OF business requiring the use
Of more money. there has been no cor
responding increase in the volume Of cur
rency, but. on the contrary. a greater
quantity OF money than ever has been
withdrawn from circulation I'm taxes and
lodged In the Treasury. The cash ball
ancs In the Treasury is upward of S27c
oO,.ooc. and the net gold accumulation in
It's vaults IL nearly N50.00O.Oo0 above the
300. 10000 reserve for redemption of
sreenbacks. IL should. remarks our CON
temporary. IN conclusion. require no ar
gumens TO demonstrate the effect Of such
drain upon the circulation IN causing q
scarcity Of money.
Exactly. And this Is but another Illus
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1899-11-15
CONTEST IN MISSISSIPPI.
Possible Test of Constitutions
Amendment Before supreme court

JACKSON, MISS. November li.-Dr. H.
X. Prewitt. Populist candidate ior Gov
ernor I'm the recent election, threatens
TO make a contest OF Judge Longino
election, on the ground that his nominal
ton was illegal.
In an open letter, addressed 10 otner
POpulist candidates and the Executive
Committee of the Peoples party, freWltl
says that the Democrats violated the pr
mary-election law in reference TO the cleo
ton OF their State ticket, section o0SJ ol
the Code requiring that mass-ineeNhss
must be held in all counties on the same
date. and that the Democrats ala not
observe this feature of the primary law
He asks that a meeting Of the Executive
Committee be held TO consider the matter
When asked for an opinion on the sun
Ject tonight, Governor McLautlh stds 40
that DR.. Prewitts remonstrance was III
founded, as the Democratic ticket was
officially recognized by the state Boaru
Of Election Commissioners; was sent ~
the various counties in due FORM, anu Vne
entire proceedings were regular ana III
strict conformity with the primary laws
Prewitt was defeated by over 5IvJ votes
The Noel amendment TO the state Con
stitutiOn, providing for an elecuVe JUL
ciary system, which was voted upon az
the elect last Tuesday, Is promised
a test before the Supreme Court. In an
interview with the Associated GIess cor
respondent tonight. Senator j.. i. Noel
author Of the measure. stated that If the
Legislature failed 10 incorporate the
amendment in the Constitution he would
bring the matter to the Courts attention
Senator Noel asserts that the amendment
has received a majority, az required by
section 2I3 OF the Constitution. said sec
ton requiring only a majority Of the quail
fled electors voting for and against the
measure; but. on the other hand, many
constitutional lawyers Of prominence IN
terpret the section as meaning that the
amendment must receive a majority OF all
the voters participating In the election.
About 81 per cent. of the voters last Tues
day failed to express any preference on
the amendment. which, II the latter inter
probation is correct, and tho majority re-
CURED is based on tho above figure,
insures its defeat by over 5000 votes.
If AIr Noels Interpretation is correct,
however. the amendment was adopted by
a majority Of nearly 1000. Mr.. Noel eX-
presses confidence that the Legislature
will incorporate the amendment, and If
IT should do 50 II Will then deyolve upon
the opponents Of the measure 10 bring
the Supreme Courts test which they
promise to do.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1899-11-15
PUERTO RICO'S NEW SHAPE.
Coast Survey VIII Change Pictured
Outline of Island.
NV York Tlmes.l


WASHINGTON, November Bone OF
the most curious results of the annexation
OF Puerto Rico will be an alteration in
the shape of the island as it is known
to the world.
The coast survey is now al work finding
out what the real shape Of Puerto Rico Is,
and it has already learned enough to snow
that the old Spanish surveys are not only
unreliable and worthless, but that they
give a positively false impression Of the
formation of the coast
Puerto Rico has always had n strangely
regular shape on the maps. Islands take
all sorts Of shapes, but il IS unusual to
find one I'm the shape of a circle or a
square. But Puerto Rico has been of an
oblong shape, looking almost as exact and
precise as q childs building-block. II
has looked as If the sea, disguised with
the queer shapes assumed by islands, had
determined TO throw above its surface at
least one Island as even in contour as
a cigar-box, just TO show that 1t could
be done.
The coast survey is beginning to find
out that Puerto Rico has irregularities.
and considerable ones, like all other
islands. At the eastern end. which the
Spanish surveys make as sharp as the
edge of n board, there is really long
northwestern slant into the ocean. This
will make the island bigger than has been
supposed. unless, as is quite probable. the
coast survey has TO gouge big hole In
the southeastern eno Of the island. cor
responding to the rise TO the northwest.
No one can tell what shape Puerto Rico
will be when 1t Is finally surveyed as
an American possession, but 1t seems GER
tain that IL will not be the insular freak
II has appeared on the Spanish surveys.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1899-11-15
CHAPLAINs AVOID MANILA.
Seek Retirement When Ordered to
the Philippine Islands.
New York Times.

ANeW lOTh llmtSD
WASHINGTON, November 1s.-The eff
forts made by army chaplains who have
been ordered to the Philippines to have
their orders revoked have excited con-
siderable comment. The case Of Chap
lain j. 5. SeibOld. now stationed al Fort
Candy. Washington, is q case in point.
When the reverend officer discovered
that he would have TO 20 to the Philip
pines he found that he was three years
older than he had supposed, having been
born in 1875, instead OF 1885, as recorded
or the files Of the War Department and
was therefore old enough 10 retire. He
produced aftidayits which cOnclusively
proved that he had been mistaken in his
age up TO that time. Accordingly, his
orders were revoked and no was retired.
Chaplain .. j. Nave has also applied
for retirement after being ordered 10 the
Philippines. A board has been ordered
to convene in this city for his examira-
ton Chaplain 5. w. Pilchard has Sc
cured the revocation Of his orders. The
Rev W. ID. McKinnon, the Catholic priest
who served In the Philippines with the
California volunteers. ana who Is now
chaplain I'm the army. has afforded con-
trast to the action of these clergymen' by
applying for duty in the Islands again,
but he is the only chaplain now In this
country who has done 30.
Richmond dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1884-1903, 1899-11-15
Bureau OF Employment for Virginia
Girls.

To the Editor Of the Dispatch.
BY your permission 1 would like TO tell
those who need enlightenment about the
workings Of the Bureau Of Employment
for Virginia Girls, established by the
Young Mems Business Association. We
commenced operations two months ago.
The bureau has been a blessing 10 dozens
of impoverished families, and decided
advantage to the manufacturing interests
of Richmond. l will give you one OF many
examples. Mrs. C heard of ana APP
piled TO this bureau few weeks ago Tor
work saying, for twenty-five years L
taught school, but my business has been
killed by the public schoo.s. ana all Is
dark TO my family" To be brief, she ana
her daughter are happy, making 81 per
week. Her boy will be here soon 10 get
GO cents per day at the Cedar-Works, ana
finally learn his trade and get s. per day.
This IL only one of many FAMILIES made
happy by this bureau.
As to the sick. Two of the girls have
been sick with bilious attacks. Drs. STRAIT
ton and Cosby have given them daily at
tention. They have been visited by one OF
Gods people. who sees that they have
been furnished with proper food. fruit,
and flowers made 10 feel that friends are
near and their board and prescriptions
paid for.
As 10 their spiritual needs, ministers
and the Sunday-schOOl superintendent
on this and Church Hills can be referred
10. who will reiterate what they have said
from their lecture-rooms and pulpits In
regard to good done TO the country girl
coming to Richmond for work.
The largest factories in the city can be
referred to I'm regard 10 important matters
90 their working girls Of arbitration
agreeaby settled by this bureau.
The clearinghouse for the country
girls are thoroughly Investigated by a
prominent and worthy lady, competent 10
judge people and localities. ] visit them
several times a week and instruct the
girls and their boarding nouse-keepers as
TO what ] require concerning propriety,
morality. and religious duties.
Not single person who has been to this
office. protesting against the Young Mems
Business Association inaugurating this
bureau have gone away with their origi-
nal convictions OF disapprOval. On the
contrary, they say amen to all we do.
have made il my duty 10 look after
these girls, individually and collectively,
and / have not single case 70 condemn.
The tale they all tell IS that the country
offers nothing. What will be the result II
the manufacturers employ colored labor
from this ana other States?
ANY gentleman or lady Is cordially in
yited 70 call at 1913 east Main street and
l VIII answer their questions. Error
ceases 10 be dangerous when truth IL left
free to combat it,"
LEWIS w BURWELT.
Secretary Bureau OF Employment for Vir-
ginia Girls.
j.. S.-A gentleman from another city
called on me yesterday with a view Of
starting a new industry I'm this city, II |
would encourage him about getting labor
which l did. L. w. b.