The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-09-03
RUSSlA'S RAPID PROGRESS.
tEpERISH ACTITITY ~ HER INDUS
TRI.IL GKOWTH

hA'.ib "H'n fH
Til" fmrira Greatly Assisted by American
EnttrrriS"y American Inventions Adopt
"-Cnuses of Unrest In India-The Prince
~ Wales's Hats-London's Exclusive Club.
l.oNDoN.hug Is The untiring energy dis.
played by the Russian Government in the con.
struction Of the Trans Siberian Railroad now
marks the entire railroad policy Of the Empire.
II British industry has not had its share Of the
business which this activity in the great undo.
veloped East has opened to other countries IL is
not because Great Britain Is unaware of the new
course which clear sighted ministers are encour-
aged ny the young Gar to pursue The
Times correspondent at ST Petersburg writes Of
this great development in Russia:
Not only Is the Russian railway system ex-
tended, completed and developed with feverish
activity at the cost Of great financial sacrifices,
bu, the authorities bent upon having the best
Of everything similar tendency is also shown
In great deal Of the industrial plant which is
being erected in Russia at the present time In
fact Russia has begun the development Of her
industrial resources much later than other ma
tons. but Is now pursuing the policy Of starting
at least even with older natonalites by putting
up factories equipped with the most modern tools
and adopting the most perfected methods Of manu-
facture This. no doubt, is the wisest course to
pursue. and will yield in the near future results at
which the industrial world at large will be some
what astonished. In this development Russia
10 being greatly assisted by American enterprise
and already very large sums are invested In these
various undertakings
Tho railways which are being built in almost
every corner Of this vast Empire win no doubt
contribute powerfully TO the rapid commercial
development OF the country. all the more because,
IN many OF the provinces, roads and means Of
communication are OF very primitive nature
The enormous distances which separate the va
nous commercial centres make rapid transit very
desirable, II not imperative, and the authorities
have for number Of years given much atten-
ton to Improvements in the freight service Com
missions have been sent out TO various countries
" study the methods of more experienced nations
The methods followed in the United States were
followed with special attention moro particularly
In regard 70 the use Of continuous air brakes on
goods trains To the outsider IL has always ap-
peared illogical that in Europe passenger trains
should be invariably equipped. while freight
trains with their enormous weight and momen-
tum are unproyided with proper brake appli-
ances 10 stop them quickly in case of need. The
introduction Of continuous brakes on passenger
trains has. no doubt, been beneficial and reduced
thc number Of accidents but any one who studies
the question will notice that almost every week
there are serious accidents due to freight trains
being unable to stop in time, to parts breaking
away on inciinea The Russian Government
which has. for number OF years, used air brakes
on its passenger trains. has decided TO provide
is freight and military trains with the same ap-
pliance, thus enabling them 10 increase in speed
and safety simultaneously.
"A few months ago mention was made in these
columns that beginning had been made in that
direction by giving the Westinghouse Brake
Company contract for several million roubles
rfroir 4 tralr h,,tf
ried an important step further. The official
journal Of the Ministry OF Ways and Communi-
cations now contains Ministerial order TO all
Russian railway companies (prvate railways as
well as the State railways) TO equip their freight
rolling stock which runs in direct traffic with the
Westinghouse quick acting brake in four years
from January, 1889. Russia will thus be the
first country in Europe which will use continuous
air brakes for its freight and military trains
The Russian Westinghouse Company, which
works under tho general management OF Mr. A.
Kapteyn. OF London has erected fine factory
in ST Petersburg. equipped with all the best tools
and appliances A large foundry is now being
added to this factory in order to the quality
OF the castings and malleable iron fittings
The Westinghouse brake. which has been
adopted In 30 many countries and which is we'll
nigh universal on tho European. American, and
Australian continents seems TO be 80 far the only
system which is practicable on long fregh trains
And. although the expense of installing II is con-
siderable, still, important advantages are secured
by its use. in the way OF increased speed and Sc
curity. whiie Il realizes notable economy in the
cost Of maintenance of rolling stock, and last
but not least. in the reduction OF the number of
brakemcn on the train. Commercially therefore
as American experience has long since shown
the expense Of equipping freight trains with air
brakes should not stand in the way OF this valu-
able Improvement in railway practice Most
elaborate technical instructions have been pub
lished in the official messenger Of the Ministry
OF Ways OF Communication. according TO which
1t Ia calculated that IL, 900 engines and 800 900
freight cars are to be fitted with the new brake;
20 per cent Of the latter arc to be equipped with
complete Westinghouse apparatus and the rest
with connecting pipes"
The minister who Is chiefly answerable for this
wholesale adoption Of modern equipment is Prince
khikof. the Minister Of Ways and Communi-
cationa
good dcal OF discussion is going in the In
dian newspapers the unrest which ia said To
be prevailing in India native gentleman who
writes long letter to the AHdhnbdd Pioneer
makes some interesting and suggestive points
He admits, To begin with. that there is one kind of
unrest entirely due 10 English education: but this
simply serving the purpose for which 1t was in
tended. He says
Its absence would have foreboded danger and
death to the people Of India Its presence is sign
that they are awakening out OF tho apathy and
torpor OF centuries Nor is il possible now to put
stop to this feeling Of unrest The clock of
progress has been set going and no mortal may
stay it Nor am willing to believe that England
would be so ungenerous to attempt it. The
presentday political and religious movements are
the indications Of this great unrest the harbnger
OF this national awakening. The Sc movements
are not the orignators Of this spirit Of unrest;
they may help it or mar it too. English education
is the cause. Is there friend OF India who does
not want more Of this unrest? l am sure l de-
sire it, | wish that it would convulse the entire
population"
The other kind of unrest he describes as being
OF an undesirable sort, for which both natives and
Engishmcn are responsible. This unrest"
he says lis not sedition il is only an uneasiness