davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The silver star., 1899-08-11

The French bureau o, agriculture
shows in a recent report that Spain is
more entitled TO be called sunny
than is Italy. About three thousand
hours Of sunshine bfe.s Spain each
year. while Italy is favored with sew
erai hundred fewer hours OF the sweet
ness and light in which Spain rejoices.
But much depends on the men upon
whom the sun shines. Misty and shad-
owy England. for example. and not
radiant Spain. is a controlling force in
the world.
The silver star., 1899-08-11

The Choctaw Indian. unframed and
only half-clyilized though he may be,
has some qualities that stand out
strongly by contrast with the actions Of
his white brethren. For instance, q
Choctaw who was under sentence o!
death was released on bail. showed "
on punctual time at the execution
ground and was duly disposed OF. ac-
cording to Choctaw law. while Chi
cage politician. out under $4,000
bonds. has no. been seen since his case
was called for trial.
The silver star., 1899-08-11

The insuiar commission in declaring
that Porto Rico and the Philippines
are not legally American territories.
seems to have arrived at this queer
decision by a confusion of national
and International Law. As a matter Of
fac. the commission probably under
stood tina; such a decision would be
convenient for various reasons anu
therefore fitted the Law TO the facts
rather than the facts TO the Law.
The silver star., 1899-08-11

II Is rare that a statue Is placed
where II suggests 20 much In life Of
the person commemorated as that Of
Franklin, recently unveiled In Phila-
dsiphia. The statue stands In front Of
tho postofice building. and franklin
vus postmaster Of Philadelphia. On
eAe site Of this postofice once stood the
university which Franklin founded.
The fsld where he new his kite Is hard
bv. and Independence hall N not far
away. To those who know the history
a the locality. the statue II sminentiy
snbismatis Of the many.sidsdnsss o.
~ naa.
The silver star., 1899-08-11

AS between short skirts and clean
streets the Women'z club Of Baltimore
has decided in favor OF the latter. The
wearing Of long skirts on the streets
by women IS material addition to the
city's sweeping forces. therefore the
action OF the Baltimore women IS
thoroughly consistent.
The silver star., 1899-08-11

Recently discovered In the y
Queen Dagmar is supposed \
away evil influences. Their
more evil influence than i'll he'd
there is nothing which has 80
power TO keep II away than Ho]
Stomach Bitters. which cures
STA and indigestion. A private
stamp covers the neck Of the a
The silver star., 1899-08-11

Tod Sloan paid $1,000 for the privl-
lege Of cracking that waiter over the
head with champagne bottle. In the
future Tod will probably confne him
self to the pastine Of cracking cold
bottles.
The silver star., 1899-08-11

1t is suspected that certain con
gressmen would look upon tina, plan
for an American Monte Carlo thirty
miles from Washington as a capital
thing-capital capital.
The silver star., 1899-08-11

The freak pounded TO death in a
moment Of rage BIZ a South Dakota
Snowman may have been hal. human
as claimed. but no one will argue tina;
for the brutal wretch who killed IT,
The silver star., 1899-08-11

The count Of Castellane and the
prince OF Monaco are completely es-
tranged. Still, somehow or other the
world Will peg along.
The silver star., 1899-08-11

man who insuited the flag was
fined 500 and costs. Those who com
init this offense would get the stripes
Il some people had their way.
The silver star., 1899-08-11

It's just as much OF crime 10 take
a walk as 1t Is to ste1. march
The silver star., 1899-08-11

Lots Of people will never make any
preparation for the better land until
they see an excursion advertised.
The silver star., 1899-08-11

Piso's Cure for Consumption is
OF all cough cures.-George \
Fabucher, La, August 26. ISIS.
The silver star., 1899-08-11

An adherent Of the faith cure says
the red lights in drug store are dan
ger signals.
The silver star., 1899-08-11

Too many people resemble ball OF
twine-they are completely wrapped
up in themselves.
The silver star., 1899-08-11

Old age is occasionally IS foolish q.
IT is usually wise.
The silver star., 1899-08-11

The gossip who can repeat !
exactly as she hears II isn't n
The silver star., 1899-08-11

VIII you take any work with
the seashore. Dorothy "Of "a
expect to change my gown at n
time a day."
The silver star., 1899-08-11

Possibilities are all right in their
way. but they never prove anything.
The silver star., 1899-08-11

A girl should have chaperon until
she can call some other chap her own
The silver star., 1899-08-11

rs your bedroom pleasant. Bind
We'll. it's tri;ie warm now:
winter II was the coolest room
cago.'
The silver star., 1899-08-11

Mrs. Winsiow's Soothing syul
For children teething. softens the gum,
nAmmAtion. aliays pain. cures wind cole p
The silver star., 1899-08-11

". n. V.-DsNvsR.- NO. sas-
wneo Assusflss Alvsssissossts
neatiee Stis rsoek
The San Francisco call., 1899-06-25

through any great change under the
circumstances, it will undoubtedly show
that force has more to do with the
formation Of chemical atoms than we
have been wont to believe"
Professor r. Leon Van der Naillen.
of the School of Engineering, thought
that the destruction of the waterspout
by firing salt into it was due almost en-
tirely to mechanical force.
When the salt is travelling through
the air. said Professor Van der Nall
len, 1T is only natural to suppose that
there is vacuum behind it. On its i'm
pact with the waterspout the lines Of
force are broken, there Is a sudden
check and the water and air rush into
the vacuum. causing g perfect disrup-
ton Of the moving mass. On firing into
a Cyclone the effect would be much the
same. It may be that some gases are
liberated, but just what they are or
how they act on the cyclone 1t Is not
an easy matter TO state
The San Francisco call., 1899-06-25

enon takes place cannot be made be-
cause no scientific Investigations have
ever been made on these lines. The
most interesting point lies in the fact
that the salt is so much more effective
than solid shot. Salt being a solid. it's
impact against the tower of water
would be sufficient to cause disruption
of the lines of force. But the salt ap-
pears to do more than this. 1t seems
to act in a chemical capacity as well
and thereby entirely dissipates the
moving body.
DR.. Ernest Pillsbury, acknowledged
to be one Of the best chemists in the
State, considered the phenomenon a
most interesting one and well worthy
Of careful investigation.
There is no telling Just what hap
pens," he said. when the salt comes in
contact with the moving wall Of water.
From al that we know Of chemistry
the salt striking the water with great
force would be absorbed by II to a GER
The San Francisco call., 1899-06-25
Does Your Bread Nourysh, or Is 1t Straw?

eating the general form Of a pair Of
dumb bells.
When the cornstarch, like the wheat
starch, has been washed clear of all
other elements, every grain, to the far
thermosts millionth, instead of being
round, is angular, full Of corners, the
fiat body of the grain usually show
ing from five to six sharn angles. In
the center of the grain the lines are not
circular, as in the wheat, but straight,
starting from a we'll defined spot in the
heart of the grain of starch and radi-
ating out in perfectly straight lines,
from three to five or six lines in each
grain.
Each one of these ~~1.as is inclosed
in a wall of cellulose. The character
Of the starch on the interior of each is
precisely the same, whether of corn or
w..eat. In the wheat flour, however
as nature has given it to man in the
wheat kernel, there is just the right
proportion of starch for the needs Of
the hu system, mixed with other
ingredients which go to give the sys-
tenn it's strength.
When the men who want to adulter-
ate their -four find that wheat costs 81
and corn 25 cents a bushel, it is a very
natural thing, following the bent of
crooked mind, to mix the corn starch
with the -four starch. The two are of
precisely the same character as to ap-
pearance, etc.
But the detective is there, too and,
aided by that chief of all detectives,
Mother Nature, the scientific chemist
takes the adulterated flour, washes it
in cold water so that every part of the
gluten of the -four is cleared out. and
then, placing a tiny portion of the flour
or as it now stands, starch, in little
tube, be puts it in a solution, colors it
with iodine a beautiful purple, puts a
drop between the thin pieces of glass
for his slide, tucks it under the micro
scope and there, swimming together
side by side IS purple as a sunset in
the land of the midnight sun. are the
two types of starch grains. hundreds
of them-the one round, the other an
gular the one having concentirc rings
on it's interior, the other with lines as
jagged as the greenish radiations from
a fractured pane of glass.
1t isn't a question of theory, but one
of very cold, hard fact. The scientific
chemist, especially the agricultural
chemist, such one as Professor Harry
Snyder of the State experimental sta
ton of the College of Agriculture in
the University of Minnesota. doesn't
The San Francisco call., 1899-06-25


M Christian missionaries established I'd
I II themselves in the neighborhood of
-@ Borgund, Norway. and at once
built church. The structure was
of rough wooden logs held together
by pegs and dovetailed joints,
still standing to-day as good al
This is conceded to be the oldest
in all Norway and many scholars go so
far as to say that it is the oldest in the
northern part of Europe. Even the Rus
sian churches must take a second place
in point of age. There is little doubt but
that it is the oldest wooden church in the
world.
At first glance the old wooden church
seems TO be all roofs. The ground floor
of the structure is a long, low colonnade.
Above this rise two rows of roofs cover
ing the side naves. Another roof covers
the center naves and crowning all is a.
conglomerate peak of heavy timbers and
thick shingles. The entire exterior of the
structure is thickly grown with bright
green moss. The shingles are ornamented
with all sorts of emblems that In days
gone by meant worlds to the hearts of
all good Norsemen.
In the days when the old church was
built the block house was the general
type of architecture in the northern part
of Europe. Naturally it would be eX-
pected that this style of architecture
would prevail, but it does not. In fact
there is hardly trace of it to be seen.
The interior arrangement shows a row
of posts set upright and held together by
heavy woodwork. On these posts the
frame of the church is set. There are
really two parts to the interior Of the
church. These might be called the choir
smaller and terminates in an oval altar
niche. There are three naves on the in
side of the church, the middle one being
the higher. In general construction this
suggests the Roman Basilica.
There are three places of entrance to
this quaint old wooden church. All are
of magnificent proportions and grand de-
sign. But the most wonderful of all is
the carving with which the doors are or
namented This is really credtable work
and a close examination shows the work
was done with axes.
On entering the church the visitor Is
impressed with a sense of gloom and has
to grope his way about. An examination
shows that this is due to the fact that
there are no windows TO speak Of only
a row of holes extending around the up
per walls where they join the roof. There
are no shutters. glass or window frames.
Winter and summer the holes are open
SO that the ventilation is perfect.
The result of this sanitary arrangement
is that the people of the district do not
go to church in the winter season, which
is equivalent to saying that they do not
go to church more than a small part of
the year. And yet the services are held
regularly whenever the priest comes to
the parish. But he breaches to an empty
house when the people think it is too cold
to go to church.
In other ways. besides a lack of heating
arrangements, is the church careless OF
The San Francisco call., 1899-06-25

nave to depend upon any theories. He
takes a sample of perfectly pure wheat
flour, tests it. finds the grains of starch
Of the one type. He takes a sample Of
pure corn starch flour, the grains are
all of one type and wholly different.
He takes a sample of flour adulterated
with corn starch and the two types ap-
pear. There is nothing left to chance.
IS THIS ADULTERATED FLOUR
HARMFUL?
A good many people have asked this
question, but the answers have been, in
many cases, quite vague-just such in
definite answers as would be apt to
suit the man who is adulterating.
There are three main elements in
the wheat flour which make it the staff
N life when it becomes bread-ash, for
the formation of bone; starch for the
heat Of the body; gluten, or in another
word, protein, for the production of
muscle. The gluten is made up of two
substances, gluten and gliadin. The
gliadin binds the flour together and
makes it dough, the gluten prevents
the dough from becoming soft and
sticky. The gluten as whole is the
pose the man who gets his corn for %
cents a bushel puts 40 per cent more
starch into his -four than he ought to,
corn starch. The man who eats bread
made from this adulterated flour is
robbed of 40 per cent of the life giving
powers Of the bread. for the incoming
starch drives out the gluten. Very
many Americans use bread as the
staple of their diet. Professor Snyder
has demonstrated, by experiments upon
men in feeding them for days at a time
certain lines of food, to arrive at what
is a reasonable ration for a man of
work, that a man must have, where he
has but little meat and not many vege-
tables, at least two pounds of bread per
day.
This must be honest bread, made from
the very best of flour. containg not
less than u per cent of gluten. In case
any per cent of this gluten is driven out
to that extent the mans dietary is i'm
paired. Suppose you were living on
largely bread diet, as SO many Ameri-
can laborers are, they and their fam
lies If suddenly and without any
knowledge of the factor the adul-
terated 1iour cannot be told by it's ap-
pearance from the pure-your bread be-
came from Is to 40 per cent, or even in
some cases 90 per cent impoverished
how long before your strength and the
strength of your family would show the
effects? And whether you are a labor
ing man or not, a very large part of
your food Is made up from bread or
other articles of diet in which flour is
used, and to the extent that this flour
is adulterated with this corn starch to
that extent you are robbed
The San Francisco call., 1899-06-25

that have periodical alterations with
cyclones.
Since the departure Of Rhoades the
Board of Trustees Of the town of Hen
nessey has put the misunderstanding
business on q scientific basis
A tall wooden tower has been built in
the center Of town. from the top of
which 1t Is possible to look over the
country for miles around. Near the
outskirts of the town are a number Of
cannon, and in a small house near by
piles Of cartridges of powder and salt.
A man remains on watch at the top Of
tho tower at all hours. At the bottom
Of tha tower a horse Is kept saddled.
When q cyclone or waterspout Is seen
coming, the man in the tower rushes
down, Jumps on the horse and gallops
to tho nearest cannon. Hastily ram
ming in a cartridge, the gunner gets q
bead on Mr. Cyclone, and when the ter
ror is about 200 feet away, Ores. That
settles the cyclone and the citizens At
The San Francisco call., 1899-06-25
G Q G 9 9 Q Q Q Q 9 Q Q 9 . Q Q Q Q

The starch Of the -four Of every wheat
berry and every corn kernel differ al
ways and essentially as they come un-
der the microscope. Take a sample Of
honest -four, and you Will find every
tiny grain to the last hundredth that
comes into your field Of vision as you
move the slide below the lens roundish
in shape; every one of them. if cut in
twain, showing a series Of concentric
circles, and transverse section indi-
The San Francisco call., 1899-06-25

what the cyclone would destroy"
OF all the experiments to which any
Anglo-Saxon ever resorted that of saw
ing city by salt must be conceded to
be the queerest.
John Rhoades, who figured conspicu-
ously as one of the Rough Riders be-
fore Santiago last year, is the inventor
of the scheme and he intends to install
one in every town in the cyclone belt,
provided the people are willing to profit
by the experience OF Hennessey and
The San Francisco call., 1899-06-25

TV HERE are a good many people
in this world interested in bread
from the standpoint Of food as
- well as the standpoint of health.
Adulteration in food products is
an offense, or, if you desire a stronger
term, a crime. which is being fought by
municipalities, by States and by ma
tions with a f1ercer determination than
ever before to bring the battle to a fin
ish
The San Francisco call., 1899-06-25

tain extent and form a hydrochlorio
acid. The soda Of the salt would form
a sodium hydrate, and possibly some
unstable gases might be liberated. But
beyond this nothing can be definitely
stated, because 1t is q field that has
never been studied. 1t may be that we
are on the eve of some important dis
coveries IN chemistry. Should it ever
be demonstrated that the elements go
The San Francisco call., 1899-06-25

that during tho summer months blow
necessarily over the prairies The first
shot was a SUCCESS The whirlwind
ceased instantly.
This convinced Rhoades that he had
Q great idea and ne at once resolved to
try 1t on large scale. He procured an
old signal cannon. q supply Of powder
and shot and went out on the prairie to
q place where cyclones and waterspouts
were Of frequent occurrence. He did
not have long to wait. A monster cy-
clone soon came that II allowed free
progress would have wiped cannon and
Rhoades both out Of existence. he took
accurate aim and blazed away when
the twister was not more than 100 feet
off,
The effect was magical for the cy-
clone turned into gentle zephyr before
the smoke from the cannon had faded
away.
OF course this proved the theory .
success, but the scheme still lacked
praoticability, for it would hardly do
to fire shot around a populous neigh
borhood. What else could he use2
Instantly 1t flashed across Rhoades'
HlIAQ tIldt EdAt w d5 IL cAOCitAy oSCA o1
q projectile when 1t was not desired to
be effective for more than short dis
tance. In fact, salt is the farmers
friend when his apple orchard is in
danger from tramps. The concussion is
a severe one, but no serious wounds re-
suit.
A trial Of about ten pounds Of salt
convinced Rhoades that he had what he
wanted. The first shot had a greater
effect on the cyclone than the leaden
bullets had had and there was no rip
ping up of the ground or surrounding
vegetation. 1t was safe to try on a
town.
Then Rhoades took the apparatus to
Hennessey and offered to install plant
and give demonstration if the citi-
zens would buy it afterward. The offer
was accepted.
Only one trial was necessary to con-
vince the people of the efficacy of
Rhoades' scheme. One cyclone that
seemed to be going right out of its path
just to scoop in Hennessey was knocked
into nothing with four pounds of COM
mon powder and ten pounds of salt. OF
course RhOades was given a banquet
and a pile of gold and sent on his way
to bring relief to other Oklahoma towns
The San Francisco call., 1899-06-25

put up the small amount necessary to
equip and maintain the plant.
Rhoades got his idea Of the scheme
from hearing an old sea captain tell
how he had saved his ship from de-
struction by firing a load Of shot into
a waterspout. IF a ship can be saved
that way" thought Rhoades, why not
a town." The more he thought of the
plan the more feasible it seemed.
He made. his first trial with shot
gun on one of the tiny dust whirlwinds
The San Francisco call., 1899-06-25
The Oldest Wooden Church in the World.

the welfare of its worshipers, for there
are no seats provided. There is bench
at one side of the altar for the Aldermen
and the Burgomaster of Borgund; the
The San Francisco call., 1899-06-25

once have a jubilee and buy the man
drinks. The people are all happy and
know they have bonanza In the can
non that shoots salt and protects them
from cyclones.
Interesting as the case Of saving
town from cyclones by salt may be
from an economic standpoint, 1t Is
much more so from a scientific one. A
nositive statement as to what phenom-
The San Francisco call., 1899-06-25

Several scientific men in the city
could give no explanation whatever Of
the phenomenon. It was q surprise and
a revelation to them, and all they could
say was that 1t should be investigated.
But the people of Hennessey are not
asking for Investigations. They are
only too glad that their town Is being
protected from cyclones and water
spouts and are perfectly willing that 1t
should be saved by salt
The San Francisco call., 1899-06-25

rest of the congregation have to sit on
the floor or stand. And yet the people OF
the district revere their old church, for II
is the only one of it's kind in the world.
The San Francisco call., 1899-06-25

x ALT is the salvation Of the town
Of Hennessey, Oklahoma
Three times this year have
~ waterspouts and cyclones come
dangerously near the little town
on the prairie and three times has
charge Of salt, fired from an old Arm
strong cannon, put the atmosphere dis
turbers out Of business. An instant
after the cannon's discharge in each
instance the whirling mass Of wind
and water, bent on destroying every
thing in its path, lost its fury and
melted into the quiet atmosphere.
The cyst to the town Of Hennessey
IS aboJE $50 a month for salvation. But
the residents think the money is we'll
spent and wouldn't give up their lit
tie saline fortress for anything in the
world. They know that If they did
they would soon cease to exist, because
other towns, not many miles away,
have periodical visits from cyclones and
waterspouts, and each visit leaves only
a pile OF kindling wood in it's wake On
these people the resident Of Hennessey
smiles in pity and asks why don't
you lay in a few old cannons and a
supply Of salt? Then get a man to
watch and you will live in peace and
make money every day by saving
The San Francisco call., 1899-06-25

: S: i :; $
~ Borgund, Norway, and at once
built a church The structure was
The San Francisco call., 1899-06-25

= = \ \ \ \ = y y = y y y y !
= WICHITA, Kans., Juno IA 4
= waterspout yesterday Afternoon 4
would have swept away Hennes- 1
= sey, Okla, had not q cannon 4
loaded with salt been discharged I
? at forty rods range into the I
, whirling black mass This Is tho I
third time this spring that Hen I
= nessey has been saved from de- I
gtruotion by the cannon de- I
= vice. John Rhoades, formerly g. I
Rough Rider, Is the inventor. He I
= brought the appliances to Hen I
, nessey, where the citizens pur- (
chased them The City Council I
employs a man to attendto them. I
, When a waterspout or cyclone I
, appears on the horizon he mounts (
= his horse and rides to the can I
= non, placed on the side OF the (
= town from which the storm Is I
coming. The cost to the city is (
= about $50 a month I