The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-07-16

Spain below the general standard presented
in the greater part Of France and OF Switzer-
land
The innate tendency OF the Tcutonic peoples
toward tallness OF stature may be demon
strated by following the trait from place TO
place as this migratory race has moved across
the map. Wherever these greasy seven-foot
giants" as Sidonius Apollinaris called them.
have gone. they have implanted their stature
in the population, among whom. LONG thereaf-
ter. it has remained persistenty. clear IL
lustration OF the persstency OF this racial re-
cuarity Is offered in Brittany. The inhabi-
tants OF tho interior arc decidedly shorter than
the jewellers on the coast. This difference IL
accounted for by the fact that all the southern
coast OF the British Channel was known in tho
later years of tho Roman Empire in the West
as the " Lit us SaNonicum," fercely was 1t
ravaged by the northern barbarians. The pco-
pile of the littoral are not only taller. but lighter
IN hair and eyes, and apprecmbly longer
headed: in other words. they show traces OF
Teutonic intermiXture.
~.
In the teeth OF the teaching Of all our text
books on geography and history DR.. Ripley
does not hesitate TO assert that there Is no sim
gle European or white race Of men. There eX-
lists no continental group Of human beings ex-
hibitInG greater diversties OF physical type
than is presented in Europe Within its con-
fines are to be found entire communities Of
the tallest and shortest OF men. as well as
Of the longest and broadcast headed ones.
Even in respect Of the color Of tho skin. hair
and eyes. the greatest variations occur. 1t
Is high time. in our authors opinion. to
correct the current ideas upon this sub
lect, and TO that end to modify our
school and college instruction. The truth
is that instead Of a single EuroIean type.
there is indubitable evidence Of at least three
distinct races. each possessed of history OF its
own and each contributing something to the
common product. to wit the population as we
see it to-day. This truth does away at one
stroke with most OF the current gatherings
about Aryans and Pre-Aryans, and especially
with such appellations as tho Caucasian or
lndo- Gcrmanic race. Admitting. for the sake
OF argument. that tho ancestors OF some peo-
pies Of Europe may once have been in sight OF
either the Caspian Sea or tho Himaayas. we
still have to account for two-thirds OF our
European populations. We must refer the
reader to the book itself for detailed ex-
position OF the grounds on which modern
anthropologsts have been led to concur
In the averment that three racial types
exist In Europe. We turn at once to the
results OF their discrimination. Tho first Of
the races distinguished is perhaps, the most
characteristic. 1t Is entirely restricted to
northwestern Europe. with a centre Of disper-
sion In Scandinavia. Each OF the other types
extends beyond the confines Of the Continent
one into Asia, tn" other into Africa. number
of portraits NJ officers and soldiers in the Nor
wegian army. reproduced in the book before
US. bring out certain OF the physical peculiari-
ties OF the Teutonic race. especially the great
length Of the head, the long. oval face and the
|
smooth in outline the cheek bones not being
prominent. Anarrow nose seems to be a nearly
constant trait Us much the tendency
10 tall stature. This race is strongly inclined
| to blondncss The eyes are blue or light gray
| and the hair faxen. tawny, reddish or sandy
| The whole continuation accords exactly with
| the descriptions of the Tcutons handed down
/ 80 us by tho ancient Greeks and Romans
| Such were the Goths. SaNons. Danes. Morse
men and their fellows Of other localities and
| times. Natural science Il thus strictly cOrrob-
| Grated BY history. The second racial type Is
| most persistently characterized by the shape
OF the head. This is short and at the same
| time broad. The consequent roundness is ac-
companied by a broad face. full chin and a
| rather heavy nose. These traits are all shown
| more or less clearly in portraits OF Austrian
| Germans and OF Bavarian Tyroleans This
| type Is OF medium height, decidedly inclined
toward stockincss in build. 1t has an
aspect rather of soidity than OF agility The
color OF the hair and eyes is inclined to
| be neutral, that is to say. intermediate be-
| tween that observed in the Teutonic and Med-
terranean races. There is a tendency toward
| grayish eyes. whereas the hair is more often
| brown. What name does Dr. Ripley give to
| this second race characterized primarily by
great breadth Of head. and which has its main
centre Of dissemination in the Alpine high
| lands Of mid-western Europe? The name most
| commonly applied to it IL Celtic. and 1t is ac-
| knowed ged that this most adequately harmon
ICES tho results contributed to our knowledge
| OF tho subject by the various sciences
OF history, philology. archaeology and
physical anthropology. There is. however
| a grave objection to its use. To make
this clear. Dr. Ripley Is constrained tc
examine the so-callcd Celtic question. than
which no greater stumbling block in the way
OF clear thinking exists. The leading othnolo,
gIsts previously to 1850. relying exclusively
upon the teXts OF the classical writer's. gener.
ally agreed in aflllating the CeltS 81 early his
tory with the tail. blond peoples OF northern
Europe. Some doubt about the correctness o
this a1iiatiOn was suggested in the following
decade by BrOca'S researches concerning tn,
physical characteristics Of tho peasants il
Brittany. Here we're tho only Cetic-spcak ms
| people on the European continent, yet the!
were Of a brunette and short race. In 1866 asC
appeared Crania Britannica, the work Of Davis
and Thurman. which furnished proof that
| large part OF the Ccltic-sI cakinE people OF tn,
British Isles, particularly the Welsh, were shor
and OF dark complexion. Proofs OF "A wide
spread short and dark population Throughout
central Europe even in central Germany
meanwhile accumulated rapidly at the hand
OF Ecker. Won Holder. Welcker and others
They, however. evaded the issue by applying
new names TO the broad headed. UNI Teutoni
population which they discovered in the re
ccsscs Of the Black Forest and the Alps. Thes
peoples they called Ligurian, Sarmatian. Slavi
or Sion types. Eventually, however tho clos
correspondence between the area characterize
byCctic place names. or described as Celtic b
the ancicnt~, and that occupied by this newl
discovered physical type forced an ISSUE he
tween tho RnthroroloEiSts N the one hand an
the rhiloluGists and od-fashiunrd ethrogrn
pliers on tho other. The years 1873
brought the controversy to head. What
| ever may tie the present state Of opinion anon