davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1899-02-01
FOUNDATIONS MADE OF DIRT

Com mpressed Earth Takes the Place Of
Stone and Mortar.
The subject Of doing away entirely
with stone and mortar foundations Is
being discussed by French engineers,
compressed earth taking the place Of
these The method is the conception
Of Louis Dulac.
1t is well known that, when a stake
Is driven into the ground, compress
sion of the surrounding soil takes
place, equal in volume to that dis
placed by the stake. In the method
Of Mr.. Dulac an apparatus like pile
driver Is erected, but instead Of the
ordinary hammer-head ram, a heavy
cone is allowed to drop, point down, in
such q manner that 1t makes a hole,
the size and depth Of which depend
upon the diameter Of the cone and
the height from which it has fallen.
The cone generally used is from
twenty-four to thirty inches in diam
eter, Weighing about 5000 pounds, says
an article translated for the Engineer
ing Magazine, and it is dropped from q
height Of thirty to forty feet. With .
drop ~ thi0 sort . hole equal IN diam
etsr to that Of the cone and twenty to
thirty feet deep may be made in few
hours, the time and depth depending.
Of course, upon the nature Of the soil.
Tho whole area upon which the struc-
ture IL to be erected IL thus treated, the
holes being hve to six feet apart be-
tween centers and the result Is the
compression of the soil between the
holes to an extent governed by the d.
ameter and distance between them.
After the holes have thus been made
they are gradually filed with a con-
crete made Of broken stone or cinder
and hydraulic lime and cement. The
concrete 10 thrown In shallow layers
and pounded by allowing a spherical
weight Of about 1000 pounds to drop
from about the same height as that
from which the cone was dropped. The
effect Of this procedure Is to drive the
more LIQUID portion Of the concrete into
the walls of the pits and thus, when the
latter are filed and the concrete has
become hard. the foundation consists
not only of the buried pillars Of stone
and cement, but also Of the compressed
earth partly charged with cement.
This method of making foundations
has been used with much success In
various portions Of Paris. some Of the
locations being considered very diff
Hcult, owing to the soft nature Of the
soil, and the system is now being used
to prepare the ground for the erection
O fsome Of the buildings for the expo
sition of 1900.
The effect Of the pounding of the
earth is said not to extend to sufficient
distance to disturb adjacent structures
and in a number of cases the method
has been used in the immediate vicin-
ity of old and weak buildings without
apparent injury.
1t Is possible that this system of COM
preston may be Of service in many To-
cations where the load is not too great,
and it appears to be Of especial applica-
bilIty to foundations for temporary
structures. avoiding the necessity Of
much digging.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1899-02-01
Labor Notes.

The annual report Of st. PauPs
(Minn) city engineer shows that over
Is miles Of various street pavements
have been laid in that city during the
past year at cost of $1,593775.
Gelatoid, a mixture of gelatine
with formaldehyde. is being used for
unbreakable goggles to protect the
eyes of workmen exposed to flying
particles of stone, metal or wood.
A movement has been set on foot
in Boston toward securing a combi-
nation of all the outside" telephone
interests in the country to act in op-
position to the Bell Telephone Com
pany.
Great beds of white sand, said to
have all the qualities requisite for the
manufacture Of glass. have been found
about fifty miles east OF Saginaw.
Mich. and specimens are now being
submitted to chemical analysis.
The Cyclops Works at Sheffield.
where the Queen witnessed the rolling
of an armor plate. were started by
Messrs. Cammell in 1897 when they en-
pioyd 800 men. The number they en-
ployed in the works now is over TO-
900.
The Russian Minister of War in
experimenting with aluminium horse
shoes in the cavalry service has found
that these shoes, weighing 2A ounces
less than the iron shoe, wear longer
anu dTe less dueCteu ny Hluu uho
water.
The Brandywine Knitting Mill. at
Schenectady. N. Y. which has not
been in operation since the failure
of the Empire Knitting Company,
several years ago, will be opened in
the spring of '99. giving employment
to about 400 hands.
The whole number OF cotton mills
in the Southern States at present, 425.
shows an increase Of % mills during
the past year; and the total takings
of the Sc mills. l,277.674 bales. shows
an increase of 80 per cent. over the
preceding year.
The most costly leather in the world
is known to the trade as piano leather.
The secret Of tanning this leather is
known only to family of tanners in
Germany, though the skins from which
IL is tanned come almost entirely from
America.
The contract for furnishing oak
| pine and hemlock lumber for the con-
struction of crossw alks. bridge floors,
| etc, in the city of Rochester. N. Y,
| was recently awarded to a bidder at
| $7O61 81 The contractor will furnish
| LOG, 500 feet OF oak. S0.662 feet of pine
| and 22O 900 feet of hemlOck.
According to the annual returns Of
| the two great shipbuilding firms at
Belfast-Harland & Wolff and Work.
man. Clark & Co.--16 vessels. all screw
steamers, with an aggregate tonnage
| of 121, 1880 and a united horsepower OF
the water during the present year.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1899-02-01

Cranberry Jelly.-Pick over and
wash in q colander one quart of cram
berries. put them in q granite sauce
pan with one cupful Of cold water and
Cover and cook rapidly until every
berry bursts. To prevent the syrup
from boiling over. uncover every now
and then. and gently press the berries
down. Pour the sauce into deep
custard cups. and when ready to serve
turn them out upon some delicate dish
and you will have a dainty individual
Jelly mould to serve each guest.
Mashed Turnips.-Take or q thick
pairing from the outside and boil the
turnips until quite tender. Drain them
on a sieve, mash them in a colander.
pressing and squeezing them well.
Season with a little pepper and salt.
Creamed Parsnips.-Boil tender.
scrape and slice lengthwise. Put over
the fire with two tablespoonfuls of
butter. pepper and salt and a little
minced parsley. Shake until the mix
ture boils. Dish the parsnips, add to
cream in which has been stirred a
quarter spoonful of flour. Boil once
and pour over the parsnips.
Mashed Potatoes.-Boil a quantity
of potatoes and pass them through a
sieve. Put them into a sauce pan
with good lump Of butter and salt
to taste: add a little milk and work
them we'll with a spoon on a slow fire
for some minutes, adding small guam
titles Of milk as 1t is required, until
they get Of the desired consistency.
Chicken Pie with Oysters-Boil a
year old chicken until tender. line
dish with a nice crust and put in the
chicken; season with salt. pepper and
butter; add a liquor, should be about
a pint, in which the chicken was
boiled; cover closely with a crust hav-
ing a slit cut each way in the centre.
Drain off the liquor from a quart Of
oysters: boil. skim. season with but
ter, pepper, salt, and a thickening of
flour and water; add the oysters. boil
up once. and lift the crust and put
them in about 20 minutes before the
pie Is done.
Deviled Oysters.-After draining and
wiping the oysters dry. pour over them
mixture made Of two tablespoonfuls
OF melted butter, one tablespoonful OF
lemon Juice, a dash Of cayenne pepper.
saltspoonful of salt and a few drops
Of Worcestershire sauce Let them
stand IN the dressing for a short time
stirring occasionally that all may be
| moistened. Fry several thin slices Of
salt pork and reserve the fat for cook
iEg the oysters. Take the oysters
from the dressing and roll in cracker
dust, afterward in beaten egg, and
again in cracker crumbs. Allow them
to stand few minutes in a cold place
then fry in the hot fat adding a little
lard or dripping II there is not suff1-
cient to cook them nicely.
Sweet Wafers.-Six eggs. one pint
flour, two ounces melted butter, one
and one-half cups powdered sugar,
one cup milk. one teaspoonful nut
meg. Beat whites and yolks separate
". and very stiff: rub the sugar and
butter together. and work in first the
yolks. then the milk, then the flour and
whites. Bake in well-buttered wafer
or waffle irons very quickly. brown.
ing as little as possible. Roll then
while hot upon q smooth round sticl
net larger than your little finger. slip
ming Itxtrt .~e-ssr,,v ~,,s~ ss~ ~~'''
| 49,
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1899-02-01

avalanohe's Roar Hoard Sixty Mile ..
An immense avalanche came tear
ing and roaring down the side Of Mount
Rainier, near Tacoma. Wash, recently.
It struck the base Of the mountain
with . report like that Of tremendous
clap Of thunder. being heard distinctly
in Tacoma, sixty miles away. People
there thought an earthquake had oc-
CURED.
The supposed earthquake was an
avalanche, which came down the back
bone Of . "cleaver" lying between the
two branches Of Mowftch Glacier. The
10 Of this "cleaver" has an elevation Of
IN thousand feet Il extsods several
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1899-02-01

There are 11O mountains kSsColorado
whose peaks are over 1900 feet above
the ocean level.
A scientist looking for microbes says
there are absolutely none on the Swiss
mountains at an altitude Of 1000 feet.
In the American Museum Of Natural
History, in Central Park. New York,
the skeleton Of an ancient American
rhinoceros, found in an old river bed in
Phillips County. Kansas, has been
mounted. 1t measures 10 feet inches
In length. and feet l inch in height.
The rare element, gallium. which
was discovered in 1875. in rock from
the Pyrenees Mountains. and which
takes its name from Gallia, the old
Roman appellation for France, has re-
Gently been added to the list Of SUBJ
stances occurring In the sun. Prof.
Hartley and Mr.. Ramage, of Dublin.
have recognized its spectral lines in
sunlight.
According to the results Of an inquiry
among the beekeepers Of Germany. hui
man beings may acquire immunity
from the effects Of bee stings simply by
being stung a sufficient number OF
times. In some cases thirty stings suf-
fee to impart the desirable immunity
in other cases as many as 100 stings
must be endured before the victim
ceases to suffer serious Inconvenience
from the attack of bees. Occasionally
a person Is found who Is naturally i'm.
g. <ho oP hoa otfu IL
others are not able to acquire immunity
by any amount Of heroic experience.
The experiments to be tried with
liquefied air In the treatment Of yellow
fever will be observed with deep inter
est by the scientific world. The yellow
fever bacillus succumbs to cold wealth
er. It will not survive the freezing
point, and when the South is scourged
with the disease the prayer Is for a
frost. By the use Of liQuef1ed air the
temperature may be reduced to any de-
gree desired. even to 200 or 300 below
zero. The cost Of the operation Is moi
excessive, and the machinery Is moi
complicated. All that would be needed
aside from the apparatus. would be q
wen Hx8u41tcu IOVW W ACcp tuc ucu'
out
The recent gift to the Peabody Mu
/ scum Of American Archaeology and
Ethnology of the famous "Calaveras
skull" reawakens interest in that re
markable relic Of antique man. The
skull was found in 1896, imbedded II
gold d-bearing gravel In Calaveras Coun
ty. California, at depth Of 127 feet
Above 1t were four beds Of lava thai
had flowed from a now extinct volcanic
vent The late Prof. ]. D. Whitney
Whose sister. Miss Maria Whitney
made the gift to the museum) was con
vinced Of the genuineness Of the discov
cry. The owner Of the skull Is sup
posed to have lived In the Pliocent
| epoch, . period % remote that the mos
ancient dates Of history seem quite re
| cent in comparison.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1899-02-01

Custards in Glass, Make a c,.-
tard Of six eggs Qeaving out the whitet9 :
Of two). one quart Of milk. one tea
spoonful Of sugar. little salt and two
teaspoonfuls Of vanilla extract. Steam
and strain through a sieve. Take Gus
tard glasses. put a teaspooncul of
firm jelly (currant or applet into the
bottom of each glass. then pour in the
custarcs till nearly full eat the re-
naming whites stiff. mix in a very
little pulverfzed sugar and lay lightly
on the top Of the custards. Set in a
cool place.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1899-02-01

A great many Of the men who claim
to be self-made were evidently inter
Iupeed before the job was completed
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1899-02-01

The pupil of the eye II SO called
because when looking into it a very
small image Of the observer may be
seen, hence the term, from the Latin
pupillus. or little pupil.
The public school fund paid to
white teachers in North Carolina last
year was $451, ,574. and to negro teachers
$227, 1876. The average attendance Of
both races at school was 110.677 whites
and 5S.548 negroes.
Wooden legs are used by over L.
000, 900 English speaking men.
Hogs are fattened on oranges in
Paraguay. and orange-fed pork Is said
to be very good.
Both Mary Queen Of Scot. and
George III were buried at midnight.
Juniata sentinel and Republican. [volume] (Mifflintown, Juniata County, Pa.) 1873-1955, 1899-02-01
"lost Ball" in Court.

A Detroit court has decided that a
baseball which is knocked into prop
erty adjacent to the grounds cannot be
confiscated.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-07-01
The Mock and Throat.

The reason why pretty necks and
throats are much rarer possessions
nowadays than they were fifty or six
ty years ago is that for many years
past it has been the fashion to wear
high stiff collars, fastened tightly
round the throat. Tight collars cause
the neck to become yellow, and the
skin to become prematurely wrinkled
and baggy.- A graceful carriage Of the
neck is also impossible when high.
close collar is worn. We are at last
beginning tof recognize these truths,
and this season stiffened collars will
no longer be the mode. Often the first
signs of age show themselves in the
throat. Daily massage, using a good
emollient, is the best method Of keen
Ing throat wrinkles at bays this. if
persevered with, will also prevent vel
lowness and scragginess of the neck.
Singing exercises improve the appear
ance Of the throat, but, Of course, it is
imperative that singers should avoid
tight collars.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-07-01
Origin OF Some Famous Fashions.


It is singular fact in the history CT
fashions that not few of the more
famous of them owe their origin to
the endeavOr to conceal a personal de-
feet or deformity OF some distinguished
leader of society. Patches were in
vented in England in the reign of Ed
ward VI. by a foreign lady, who in this
manner ingeniously covered a wen on
her neck. Full bottomed wigs were in
vented by an ingenious French barber
for the purpose of concealing an un-
natural protuberance on the shoulder
of the dauphin. Charles VII. Of France
introduced long coats to hide his ILL
made legs. Shoes with very long points,
fully two feet in length, were invented
by Henry Plantagenet, Duke of Anjou,
to conceal a large excresence on one
OF his feet. When Francis I. was
obliged to wear his hair short, owing
to a wound he received in the head,
short hair at once became the fash
ion at his court. AS set-off to the
examples quoted, We may note that,
not to conceal, but to display, her
charms, the beautiful Isabella of Ba-
Varia introduced the fashion of leav-
Ing the shoulders and part of the neck
uncovered, in order to show the re.
markaDle fairness of her skin.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-07-01
tration' and full directions about the
pattern will be found on the envelope
in which it is inclosed. :.
The Polonaise.

The polonaise is certainly to be a
feature Of the spring styles. In Paris
it Is already an accepted fact, and, al
though London no longer slavishly ac-
cepts what Paris proposes in the mat
ter Of dress, a run on the polonaise is
expected there. Any one who studies
the subject Of dress soon discovers that
what on the first seemed to be reck-
less revival is generally a logical evo-
luton of some favorite style of the
moment. When the shaped aounce
came in, the revival of the "tablier,''
"tunic" or "draped overskirt,' as it
used to be called some ten years ago,
was predicted. And the draped or sep
arate overskirt cannot come in without
bringing in the polonaise, which is
merely Its princess" form-that fs,
the overskirt cut IN one with the bod.
ice, instead of being separated at the
waist. The eel skirt helped the eyolu-
ton OF the polonaise, which is always
most in favor when fashion DEGREES a
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-07-01
Glass as Pavement.

The city of Lyons has been expert
menting with glass for pavement. Since
last November the Rue de la Repub-
ique has been paved with devftrif1ed
glass. This new product is obtained
from broken glass heated to a temper
ature of 1880 degrees, and compressed
in matrices by hydraulic force. The
glass pavement is laid in the form of
blocks, eight inches square, each block
containing sixteen parts in the form
OF checkers. These - blocks are so
closely fitted together that water can
not pass between them, and the whole
pavement looks like one gigantic
draught board. AS a pavement it is
said to have greater resistance than
stone, it is poor conductor of cold,
and ice will not form on it readily,
dirt does not accumulate upon it as
easily as upon stone, and it will not
retain microbes. 1T is more durable
than stone, and just. as cheap. New
York Post. .s:sS:.. s ..s.5 5as .*
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-07-01
FOR WOMAN ANDHOME
ITEMS 0FfINTEREsTFoR MAIDS
AND MATRONS.
Adventures of . Wedding Ring-OrIgln
OF Some Famous Fashions-The Polo
nalse- ttShe Neck and tho Throat-An
Apros ,ichu.
Adventures Of . Wedding Ring.

AUSV4IuEOS OIL u " "0uOl0S tSlNEs
In Germany the Continental custom
prevails that wives should give their
husbands wedding ring at the nup-
tlal service in. return for the one they
receive from the man they have ac-
cepted. Married women being generally
superstitious as to the removal of their
own wedding rings, it will surprise no.
body to learn that Teuton danes are
very touchy as regards the respect
paid by their spouses to the token Of
bondage they have accepted. If it be
removed from the wedding finger and
Or purse, woe be to the husband
should he be unfortunate enough to be
discovered.
A story comes from Berlin about a
certain poulterer of Meissen, the loss
of whose wedding ring utterly de-
of his home. At last, however, he was
able to vindicate his character. His
wife was receiving money at the till
one day when a female customer walk
ed into the shop.
"Have you lost your wedding ring?"
she asked the poulterer.
The eyes Of the jealous wife were
fixed upon him. He boldly replied in
the affirmative.
"Well," said the customer, with an
artful smile, "here it isl The wife
glared. *'I bought sausage here the
other day. and while I cut it up for
supper my knife came upon this ring.
I presume it fell from your finger
while you were making sausages." At
the earliest opportunity the poulterer
went to the jewelers. and had the ring
made a size smaller.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-07-01
A BAT FLEW
Into the Room Whore q Professional
Was Reading Poe's Raven

;EzT5 -. s - :
Was Reading Poe's "Raven.''
"A weird sort Of thing happened
down in Palm Beach about a month
ago." said a Washington man. recently
back from a trip along the South At
lantic coast "A professional actor Of
some note was giving swell society
readings down there, and on this, par.
ticular night he was rendering Poe's,
Raven with accessories-that is, the.
readings took place in the big drawing,
room of one of the large houses of
Palm Beach, and one end of it WAS
fitted up to represent the study Of the.
man who had the creepy experience
with the bird. There was the bust Of:
Pallas above the chamber door, the;
students lamp, the volume of long
forgotten lore which the actor pom
dered as he started the recitation. The
only accessory lacking was the bird
from nights Plutonian shore, Per-
haps hundred Of the mem bers Of the
winter colony ait Palm Beach were
seated in the drawing room listening to
the reading, when the queer thing hap
pened. = The actor had arrived at the
knocking on his cham ber door" when
a huge bat, flew in through one Of the
open windows, The bat circled round
and round the room, humping against
the walls and ceiling, and finally went
smack against the plaster of paris; bust
of Pallas and toppled it over. There.
was whole lot Of stampede in that
drawing room when the cry, A bat!'
was sung out, and the women were in
panic. The reader didn't seem to
ache to get on thick, talking terms
with the bird of evil omen either, and
ne was on his feet and lodging as
quickly as any of his listeners. The bat
finally made a swoop when the room
was almost emptied, and got it's
clutches in the hair of p young woman
who was just about to escape out of
the door, and she let out a series of
piercing screams and tainted The bat
released it's hold On her hair as she fell
to the floor, and suddenly sailed out
into the night through the window by
which it had entered. The reading was
not resumed, and the Palm Beach folks
were talking about the thing in whis-
pers for days afterward, and making
all sorts of dire predictions as to the
probable fate awaiting the young wom-
an upon whose head the bat alighted."