The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-09-29

possessions than Louisiana and Lpuisisn.
ians are We simply possess, in virtue, OF
governing ths people OF the Philippine Islands
Unhappily, we have not yet got beyond tue first
HuIrec,ion and the establishment Of peace and
order
colonization IL cog nate to the firs, The govern.
mont OF colonies or depe rdcncies Is rot a money
making enterprise for the sovereign power or its
citizens This follows rs a corollary from tho
proposition that subordinate states arc not the
property OF tho power which exercises soye-
popular mind between ownership and gov
eminent is 50 deep rooted and so uni,
emphasis In q commercial age il is easy 10 as
ISOLATE the extension OF trade with the foundation
Of colonies. But there ~ no instance in history
OF tho successful government OF q colony where
profit TO the parent state or its citizens has been
leading consideration.
ishes all. BUT let nation in all is dealings
OF iudg ment and standard OF conduct The
welfare OF the colonists and 1t will
profitable traders with the ruling country, Take
Ind. and Crypt examples You know that
Queen Victoria. held by. a trading company.
Ms Enel,nd enriched BY their eAPioi,ttai,i,on?
that in 1911 the trade between England and
India was utterly insignificant. Of litte more
me- i' Of India was Transferred to the
cyowp and in her pIoclsma'iSSn the Queen said
Indian territories by the same obligations Of
duty which bind ns to all our other subjects.
England and India, why. England sends more
Of her exports TO India thai to any other country
70 hs Ssa S@ and she .neI cSunS
@hsss !" '' splendid Economic eo%psnss;;
devotion dew to tn, Welfare of her great dependency
and scrupuous impartiality In administering
whiio English rulo in Egypt-wth an open
door and no fnvors-h has moro than doubled the
and OF of s
exports and furnishes two-fi,hs OF all Egyptian
There is another principle Of colonization
which is Complementary to the last Colonies
and dependencies should be selfsupporting.
neither should it be called upon TO give any
thing to them I, might have heen sup.
tSs ssu oW na' interes would always have com
| mended itself to colonizing powers But the
CESSATION sts Woud father appe"r thai the great
colonial powers. when not animated by soIdid
rapaci,y. which, however was their hab,pal
were pernicious; ior il exploitation i'm
peGPs 9Sas Sbre "''f Fms
| most valuable aid sovereign state can
oI VI esp M best
an expensive business can be much more eco
nomicaliy provided when native troops are
employed The English army OF OF cupauon in
Egypt numbers only 5000 men Egypt is pro-
tected by native soldiers, who are under British
| British, two thirds OF the army which amounts
70 over 200 600 men, are natives. And both in
and In Of Se Of on S
ruling power. In the conquest OF India there
were always four native soldier, to one Englisb.
NUT mu,in sy' IN is67. ''N WV N' ~
II viii not mention fourth principle OF sound
| the foreg Ding. has been not less concusiyely
BY experience To g,no,it Ss
so ;es n power should delegate ali tho fune
lions OF government This rule holds
case the eolonis,s will be as apt in seligovern;
| they can certainly manage thoir own affairs
better than any one ell sc can manage these same
S SndoSDsd d, pessess a sna sHos I'll the
rig hts OF setgoycrnment Canada END Aust.a l
connecting them with the mother country arc so
Afternoons that wo might almost declare them
| imaginary. England appoints tho Governor
reserves , Rs' right to ssow but
81 sppss but he d xss
the colonists avail themselves Of them Is con.
neM pSnt Of SeW the liz hinsss Of the tie When
under a sound colonial system. connects colonies
Nor is It different with dependencies peopled
by alien races incapable OF governing them.
selves Here tho reason why the sovereign
eSs .a' ss ss sa' the pess u
And we can easily see why. Government must
be adapted to the governed. An unsuitable
may be Is bsa I'M It's as as
not only OF tho Ideally good. but also OF the
needs and peculinrtties OF the people. their Gus;
toms traditions sentiments aspirations. and
even their preiudices and aversiona Spain., and
Portugal, and France governed their subject
and tho loss OF their empires is the condem-
nation Of the policy On R The other hanG
rate over the alien races Of Asia and Africa but
alike in India. Hong Kong Tho .. Mslay an
resident a ' and native e offcials the Clown.
Parliament and courts 81 Great Pr,
as saI the hey have Witl tho government, Of Canada
Australia The pIaeee IN all cases ss Is to pass
aside. while the properly constituted au,
hi sh The S Rs sses
IN ,Tus sa' COMM o lied 10 them There is a simple
but very effective method Of supervision
MES And these are the only q %g, n; i
bb eSond the seas Was ever world. empire held
BY SO slight an attachment? Yet that Is tho Sc
cret OF success. Decentralization, home-rule
hands off, these arc the magical words.
Tho nth principle calls for men to run
les and Dependencies not capable o!
must send some all Of the higher
officials but the number OF this ruling class
should he small and the character. ability. and
aptitude OF each official not, only, above the
| average but exceptionally high; and, in order &c
attract and retain such men, salaries should be
hg h and positions permanent. have endeavoret
TO compress into a single sentence the nature OF
the demand and the conditions essential e
secure thu supply. The end TO be attained
is a good, efiicient, permanent. and economica
government for the dependency; The grea
majority OF the offices may and should be hlleC
by natives But tho initiative and thu
| directing power belong to tho sovereign
nation and must no exercised by he
representatives. A few will suffice. q
course there muRt be one responsible head
| But with an organizing geniuS al the he II il
simply astonis hing how much can be got out Of
the natives The English officials in India ar,
but drop in, tho ocean OF population 1bou
them; but what able governors general thu
country has. had in men like Hastings ant
Marqui, Wellesley and Lawrence and Dutierin
, | q the MALAY n in la