The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-31

beef for less than 500. The price was
palc Tor qualities and forces which had
been engrafted upon the animal by
many generations of skillful breeding
and handling.
These qualities he believed could and
would be transmitted TO the offspring
and through them to his whole herd.
thus giving to each animal of the herd
increased value in the market. both as
breeders and more efficient meat pro-
ducers.
Interesting Experiments.
! A pertinent illustration of the i'm
portance of using an efficient meat pro-
ducing machine is afforded by one ex-
pertinent from the Iowa experiment
station In an experiment at this sta
ton there were two steers, one a first
class beef and the other of the dairy
| type. For the time they were fed. some
nine months, there was practically no
difference in the daily gain or the
| amount required to make one pound OF
live weight. Up to this point in the
| experiment the dairy type seemed 10
| be- Just as efficient meat producer as
the beefing type. When these animals
were taken into the market to be sold
the good beefing type sol dof rS6.621s per
| 100 pounds and the dairy type for 81. so
per 100 pounds. a difference of S2.1213
per 100 pounds. But why the difference?
First the gain made by the dairy type
| was not put on in the more valuable
! parts of the carcass. and these cuts
were worth less in the market Next
| the beefing type dressed 67.5 per cent
of his weight. While the dairy type
dressed only 57.5 per cent, difference
of 10 per cent. Finally the loose. or in
/ ternal tallow and Suet in the beefing
/ type weighed 1873 pounds, or 10 per cent
of the carcass, while the dairy type had
| PAS pounds of tallow and suet, or 81
I - 81, fcsh lNoIIGeA
| of differences of a similar character
that the common range stock do not
sell as well, even when equally well fat
tened as the improved types and breeds
of beefing animals. The latter are rie
most efficient beef making machines
The animal is a machine, but Tor
| economic returns must be an efficient
] one doing the largest amount of work
| or returning the largest amount or
| food material for a given consumption
| of food. To get such animal machines
| calls for a wide range of knowledge
and a thorough understanding, cleaned
! from close observation, of the relation
of animal form to animal production
The good, the efficient animal machine
must be healthy and strong and OF the
type which the experience and judg-
! ment of breeders has proven to be the
best.
In livestock husbandry, as well as in
consult both his profit and his pleasure
1t would be q mistake to select that
line of work for which a person had
absolutely no taste. And again, the
financial phase of the question is an
all important one to the man who de-
ponds upon his earnings for a living
There are very few people who do not
find much satisfaction in watching the
growth and development of the stock
around them, particularly SO if the ami
mails are.of fine quality and some study
has been made of animal form as re-
lated to beauty and usefulness. The
profit in producing livestock or live
stock products depends upon very
many conditions, the adaptabil-ty OF the
animal to the farm, the prices OF the
fodder, etc, to be fed to the stock. and
the prices realized. for the animals. The
quality of the animals should also be
considered and last, but not least, the
skill of the owner of the stock. as
farmer, as a feeder, and as a business
man.
The Dairy Cow.
When we consider the character or
her food the dairy COW is the most
efficient food producer of the livestock
farm. The average figures, calculated
from careful experiments, are as FOL
lows: The steer produces one pound
dry meat in carcass for twenty-Seven
pounds dry feed; the sheep produces
one pounds dry meat IN carcass Tor
twenty-one pounds dry feed; the hog
produces one pound dry meat in car
cass for seven pounds dry feed; the
cow produces one pound dry matter in
milk for eight pounds dry feed The
hog cannot be compared with the steer
sheep or COW, as he feeds on grain al
most wholly, whereas these latter de-
pend mainly upon the coarse cheap
folders. For the same food the cow
produces nearly three and one-nalr
times as much dry food material as the
steer and over two and one-half times
as much as the sheep. The advantage
to the cow is even greater when we
consider that milk Is Wnolly uSesIple,
while meat is not
We find very great dinerence IN
the efficiency of various cows; one ami
NAL may produce twice as much as an
other on practically the same feed. In
the records of the station L find one
COW which on $500 pounds of winter
feed and FIVE months good pasture pro-
duced 1850 pounds of milk and 11S
hounds of butter. Another cow on $500
pounds of food and five months good
pasture produced $3.50 pounds or milk
and 900 pounds of butter. The good
COW cost to feed s22 per year at market
prices for the fodder used; the poor
COW cost $50 to feed for the year,
difference of -.
The returns from the good COW at
average prices and 1nciudlnS cali anu
skim milk would be $40 in the year.
and from the poor COW S45, a difference
of sos 1t cost just as much to care Tor
and feed the poor COW as the good
cow and 81 worth of feed extra The
s25 represents the difference in the Ell
ficiency of the machine.
In the development Of the livestock
industry 1 believe sheep will ever oc-
cupy a prominent part. They furnish
two crops. mutton and wool. They are
a little more economic producers than
steers. and are better adapted to range
feeding. doing we'll where cattle would
starve. The farm end of the sheep
business will consist in raising good
pure breC.s to use in improving the
wool and mutton qualities of the range
focks and in fattening sheep and
lambs for market. Here, as in other
tvpes referred to, the best, the most
efficient. will always be the most profit
able to handle.
In closing this article there is one
thought that 1 would like to impress
A common fault in humanity, a disas-
trous one in the producer of livestock,
is the lack Of stick-to-it-iveness- The
greatest success in handling livestock
follows from wide experience and close
coupled with considerable
natural ability. Time is therefore an
important factor in increasing our own
efficiency, which must always precede
efficiency in the forces of the farm
Persistency is an important factor IN
success. Many are discouraged when
prices go down, forgetting that in ev-
cry business there is an ebb and how-