davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1899-09-01
81 90 PER YEAR.

Henceforth after August Srd 1924, the price
OF the CITIZEN will be ONE DOLLAR 81 .OO)
per year, strictly IN adrdnce. All persons de-
string to become subscribers should send their
names in at once, so ~ not TO lose a single
issue. Single copies Of the "CIrIaEs" two ~
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1899-09-01

FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER /, 1899.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1899-09-01
IMPORTANT SPECIAL MEETING
BOARD OF ALDERMEN Pc
TITIONED FOR USE OF
STREETS.

Great Interest Manifested for
the Proposed F. & N. Elec-
trio Railway-A Counter Pc
tition Brings Strong Argu-
ment Into the Case, but the
Directors were Few and
Their Points Not Well Taken
The Board will Consider
the Matter.
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-08-29
LIKE AMERICAN LOCOMOTIVES,
Russian Engineers Prefer Them to AM
Others in the World.

From the Pbttsburg Times.
Alexander Mitinsky of ST. Petersburg
Russia, professor of applied mechanism
in the st. Petersburg Mining academy,
is at the Hotel Duquesne. He has been
sent to the United States as special
agent of the Russian government to
investigate the manufacture and cost of
American labor-saving machinery. He
has visited number of manufacturing
establishments in the East and will
spend about 10 days among the mills
of the Pittsburg district.
Speaking of the experience of the
Russian government with American
machinery, Mr.. Mitinsky said last night:
"All the locomotives of the Russian
government railroads are built in the
United States and much of the labor
saving machinery in use there, especi-
ally in the government railroad shops.
is manufactured in this country. The
American locomotives are thought to
be superior and they are certainly
much cheaper than any that are made
in Europe. American labor saving ma
chinery has revolutioniZed the mechan-
les of Russia, and it is this fact that
that has led the Russian government to
make Investigations looking to the
manufacture of this machinery at
home. 1t is thought by the officials of
the Russian government that if we can
learn the secret Of economy as 1t is ap-
piled in the American workshops we
can make machinery at home"
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-08-29
HOW DIAMONDS ORIGINATED.
Recent Discovery That Seems to Throw
Light Upon the Subject.

From the St. Louis Globe-Democrat.
The origin of diamonds which for so
long has been a debated question, appears
to be explained by a recent discovery near
Kimberley. In both the Indian and the
Brazilian diamond fields the gem occurs
like a pebble in certain gravelly strata,
but has not been traced back to any rock
that gives an indication of its genesis.
After the discovery of diamonds in the
river sand on some South African rivers,
a peculiar material of brownish-buff
color, which turned to dark blush tint,
was found. 1t became harder as the
miners dug down. The diamonds lay in
this material together with several other
minerals, such as garnets, iron ores,
augite, Divine etc. Excavations-begu
Observation-Disclosures eventually carried
on on such scale that near Kimberley
they have reached a depth of more than
l. 400 feet. Here the rock is about as hard
as ordinary limestone The blue ground
Is found only in limited areas. The rocks
around are of dark shaes, banded with
hard sandstone, in which sheets or dykes
of basalt or some material which was
once in a molten condition are occasional
ly found. The blue grounds fills a sort
of shaft of colossal size in these other
rocks and Is itself cut up by similar
dykes. The opinion of biologists differs
as to whether the gems were produced
"nGTe Iney now lie OF nave DSeH formed
of some volcanic explosions. 1t Is thought
that the mystery has been at last clear
ed up.
About two years ago the manager of a
diamond mine near Kimberley picked up a
specimen in which smaller diamonds were
apparently embedded in a garnet. This
led to an investigation of various bowld-
ers, one of which was broken open and
was found to contain diamonds. The rock
is of the description known to miner
alogists as "eclogite." 1t is apparently
composed almost exclusively of red gar
net rock and a rather peculiar light green
augite. The rock is coarsely crystalline,
and in all probability was once like garnet
in molten condition. the diamond being
one of it's original constituents. Experts
now tend to the belief that the "blue
ground" in which diamonds were found
Is not their true birthplace. The powders
are often water marked, and may have
rested for ages in an ancient gravel at
the very bottom of sedmentary rocks of
the district. In course of time volcanic
explosion shattered the rocky floor in
which the diamonds were imbedded of
which the powders were only samples,
and dispersed it, together with the over
lying materials. 1t is believed that this is
the true explanation of the formation of
the diamond bearing "blue ground"
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-08-29

Is closely connected with the other
characteristics that mark off the class
of birds so distinctly from their nearest
relatives. To many minds it is diff
cult to believe or imagine that birds are
the descendants of reptiles. A reptile
is cold-blooGed and unable to fly. A
bird is the hottest blooded of all ami
mails. The change has been due in part
to the development of feathers. That
feathers are non-conductors of heat is
a fact taken advantage of by everyone
who has used an eiderdown quilt. The
increased temperature has helped to
make the life of birds quicker and more
intense, to make them ''glorified rep
tiles" as they have been called. The
power of fight has also helped, and it IS
feathers that made flight possible.
1t is true that in past geological ages
there were flying reptiles without feath-
ers known as pterodactyls. But these
seem not to have been the ancestors of
birds. Whether owing to the want Of
feathers or to inability to stand up
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-08-29
BULLDOGS ARE EVER LOYAL.
One Reason Why the Ungainly Brutes
Are Liked by Their Masters.

One Reason why the Ungainly Brutes
Are Liked by Their Masters.
From the Criterion.
A real lover of dogs is apt to have a
preference as to type, but he is apt also
to be fond of all good dogs. no matter
what the class or their special purposes
in the world. The dog lover is very
like in this regard to the TRULY gallant
mamie may prefer blue eyes and fair
hair or the opposite, but his heart goes
out to all women who are good be-
cause they are women, and because
they are good. To the uninitiated an
affection for a bulldog seems a perver-
sion of taste, for the bulldog is not
symmetrical, is not graceful and some
times appears to lack intelligence.
About his intelligence, however, there
is more than one opinion; about his af-
lection and his loyalty there can be no
doubt whatever. His affection knows
neither hesitation, wavering nor change,
and he is rare comrade. He is not
noisy, he is not nervous and he Is not
given to demonstration. He fills the re-
quirements that Emerson formulated as
to perfect companionship. He does not
need to speak to show his sympathy.
He can tell you what he wishes to say
with his little eyes, and he can be elo-
quent with the waggings of his tail.
This kind of companion is not such
as commends itself to all persons, for
there are those in the world who like
chatterers and consider the unending
small talk of the drawing room the
highest and most pleasurable express
sion of human wit. For such as these
the bulldog is not likely to have the
greatest attractions. Let such have a
frolicsome dog or a little kitten that
will chase it's tail. But the bulldog is
a good companion for a quiet man of
a thoughtful and philosophic cast of
mind. The bulldog will not disturb
his musings. the bulldog will not say
the wrong thing at time when 81
lence is precious, for the bulldog rarely
speaks. When he does he is short,
though not sharp, in his communica-
lions and very much to the purpose.
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-08-29
KILLING F|L|P|N0S IS
GAY WORK TO AMERICANS

then over their heads pours the pitiless
storm of the artillery
Sooner or later this ceaseless pound
ing wears on the nerves of the insur-
gents, and they begin to show signs
OF having ha 1 enough. Then the bugles
give tongue and the charge begins. usu-
ally on the flank. always with the air
resounding with the wild Yankee yell.
There is shout along the line of
They're hikin'," and hike they do in
the liveliest order, with the Krag or
Springfield bullets singing like angry
wasps around them and tumbling num-
bers in their tracks, while the laughing
Americans rush on. Most Of the Fill
pino dead are left behind and some
times, in the haste, so are the wounded,
to be sent to the hospital when their
turns come. 1t is becoming monotonous
and the Americans are getting little
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-08-29

ever been. Wooden blocks, with the de-
sign cut In relief, one for each color.
are applied by hand, after being dipped
in an elastic cloth sieve charged with
wet tempera pigment, great care being
taken to lay each block exactly on the
right place, so that the various colors
may register or get together. In order
to suit the productions of the paper
mills these blocks are made in Eng
land 81 inches wide and in France Is
inches wide. The length of the block
is limited to what the workman can
easily lift with one hand-two feet be-
ing about the limit, as the blocks are
necessarily thick, and in many cases
made heavier by being inlaid with cop
per, especially the thin outlines, which,
If made of wood, would not stand the
wear and tear of printing.
'In flock and gold or silver printing
the design is first printed in strong size,
the flock Finely cut wool of the re-
quired COLOR or metallic powder is then
sprinkled by hand over the paper; it
adheres only to the wet size and is east
ly shaken off the ground or unsized
part If the pattern is required to
stand out in some relief the process
is repeated several times and the whole
paper then rolled to compress the flock.
Cheaper sorts of paper are printed by
machinery, the designs being cut in the
surface of the wooden rollers, under
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-08-29
WALLPAPER HAD ITS EVOLUTION.
1t Took Time to Introduce 1t and Bring
1t to Its Present Perfection.

From the Paper Trade.
While various kinds of printed fab
RIGS were known to the people of most
remote antiquity, it was not till the
eighteenth century that wallpaper in
anything like its present form came
into common use in Europe, though it
appears to have been used much earlier
in China. A few rare examples which
may be as early as the sixteenth CEN
fury exist in England, but these are
limitations, generally in flock" of the
old Florentine and Genoese cut velvets,
and hence the style of the design in no
way shows the date of the wallpaper.
the same traditional patterns being
reproduced with little or no change for
many years 1t was not till the end of
the last century that the machinery to
make paper in long strips was invented
Up to that time wallpapers were print
ed on small square pieces of handmade
paper and were very expensive. On
this account wallpaper was slow in
superseding the older stamped leather
and paper cloth.
A work printed in London in I74f
throws some light on the use of WALL
papers of that time: THE method of
printing wallpapers of the better sort
is probably the same now that it has
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-08-29

Manila, p. l.. July 1o.-Given a salts
factory commissariat department,
enough fighting to make him hungry,
dry bivouac, and the American SOL
der is the happiest military man alive
The picture that 1 send you of a looting
scene is one that ought to cheer up
those respondent ones in the states who
imagine that their relative in the army
here is pining for a piece of the pie
that mother made and dying by inches
of homesickness. Looting is wicked and
everybody disapproves of it theoretical
ly, yet there is considerable human ma
ture about even a volunteer soldier
when he has spent a hot day in the
hotter work of driving out the enemy
and at last gets into a town before the
guard is placed.
All the houses are emptied of the ma
tives; these have gone off with their
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-08-29
GAYLY PLUMEO IN COLORS
Birds, 1t Is Claimed, Are the De-
scendants of Reptiles.
THEIR EVOLUTION GRADUAL
Only the Somber-Hued Pinions Are Used
in Their Flight-Climate Has Much
to Do With the Beauty of
the Creatures.

If one were asked to give the briefest
possible definition of a bird one might
say that it is "feathered animal" In
the possession of feathers birds are
quite unique and there is no bird with
out feathers. Even the ancient birds,
found as fossils. with teeth and long
jointed, lizard-like tails, were feathered.
The possession of feathers, moreover,
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-08-29

which the paper passes. The chief draw
back to this process is that all the COL
ors are applied rapidly, one after the
other, without allowing each TO dry
separately, as is done in manipulating.
A somewhat blurred appearance is usu-
ally the result"
The Anaconda standard. [volume] (Anaconda, Mont.) 1889-1970, 1899-08-29

the foe to flight. They would like one
grand battle, real good stand up fight
to the death, and then home to attend
to business again.
WILLIAM BENGOUGH.
The Somerset reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1868-1909, 1899-09-28
State Board of Trade.

The annual meeting of the State Board
of Trade was held in Bangor, this week
Delegates were present from Portland,
Augusta, Lewiston, Old Orchard, Ssco,
Biddeford, Mechanic Falls, Deering,
Houton, Skowhegan, WaterviIle aud
Pittsfield. 20 delegates were present.
Hon. Henry Lord was reelected presi-
dent, NJ. n. Rich, secretary. ". w.
Stetson of Auburn, Nj. n. Rich OF Port
land, E. e Banding of Bangor, were
elected the standing committee on pro-
gramme. The bureau of statistics were
chosen as follows: NJ. n. Rich, Z. M.
Blanding, A. G. Sibley, A. ). Bangs
and w. w. Stetson.
A banquet was spread in City Hall at
7.30 ard was attended by about $50.
Speeches were made by Congressman
Boutelle, Mayor Chaplin and Hon. Henry
Lord of Bangor; Col. f. Z. Boothby of
Portland, Mayor Pottle OF Lewiston,
Hon. c. j. Gilman of Brunswick, g. S.
Hichborn of Augusta; State Labor Com
missioner Matthew'S; President Harris
of the University of Maine, County At
torney Campbell of Cherry field and
others. The hall was decorated and
music was furnished by Pullen's or
chestra.
On Wednesday morning, the members
of the convention and others started on a
two days trip through Washington
county.
The Somerset reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1868-1909, 1899-09-28

t10nsh people, who consider Russian
fuie oppressive. are said BY mr. aous-
trymen in Chicago 70 be planning a
Wholesale emigration to either the
United States or Canada eooa a COM
mission from Finland IS uaH II Ganada.
negotiating with the Canadian govern
ment about purchasing Iafga tfact Of
land suitable for a colony After con
sideriug tn advantage II Canada tho
commission VII come 10 IT, United
States
DR. Luke D. Broughtou. president or
the Astrological Society q America.
died at New York He cast his h8fo-
scope many years ago. ard predict Il
that the critical periods Of his If p ere
the 18th. 18th and 21st days Of tho pres
ent month and present year lis d.ath,
he predicted, would occur early on Sept.
22 DR.. Bronghton died at a m. Sat
urday He WIS born in 1szs. in Leo g.
Eng. He came from d family Of astroI-
ogers.
Admiral Dewey Is in his own country
again. after % months absence He
has returned great with tn arduoU e
greatness Of things done and he scarce
~ seems 10 realize il. 1t almost sad
dens me," he said, TO see what my poo
PIE are doing for me. tn pride and
qualification are immense, and ] cannot
express the appreciation l feel The
admiral said that h. felt tired. Int ne
did not look so. His complexion IS a
clear bronze. his hazel eyes are bright
and his bearing is brisk and rather
jaunty. Some deep lines are under his
eyes and around his mouth. but his voice
! Is singularly clear and PHEASANT The
admiraPs whole presence is that of a
man in his fullest powers.
AT Newport. r. /, in accordance with
the rites of the Russian Orthod y
church, Miss Julia Dent Grant on sun
| day night became the bride Of Prince
Cantacuzene. Count Speransky of Rus
STA, after simple but impressiye e-re-
monies, conducted by Father Hotovits<y
of the Russian church, New York The
American statutes had to be couformeyi
to before the couple could 90 forth into
the world as husband and wifi. and that
ceremony occurred In All Souls Epis-
copal church Monday. The summer col
ony at Newport. as well a. numerous
/ friends diplomatic, military and civil
were in attendance.
The Somerset reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1868-1909, 1899-09-28
Two Days Ahead of Time.

Admiral Dewey surprised New York
ers by appearing in the outer harbor of
that city, Tuesday morning, two days
earlier than they expected him. He has
way of surprising people. This is not
the first instance.
His ship was sighted off Sandy Hook
and pilot put aboard ct $50 Tuesday
morning The Sunday morning papers
and a reporter of the Associated Press
were brought along by the pilot boat,
the former containing hundreds of pages
of description and illustrations of the
elaborate preparations to receive the
great admiral.
The Admiral's first duty was to send
an officer ashore with kilograms for the
navy department, Mayor Van Wyck and
General Buttertield, announcing the
arrival. He then spent most Of the
morning in looking over newspapers and
receiving reporters. He received the
committee of arrangement of the public
reception, who submitted to him the
details of the program, which he stated
were perfectly satisfactory. He said he
would remain aboard until Friday morn
ing, when he would receive Mayor Van
Wyck's official visit
The navy department seut the fol
lowing message of we C me to Admiral
Dewey
Admiral George Dewey, Sandy Hook:
| Tue department il happy to learn OF
your safe arrival and extends TO you and
your officers aud crew the most cordial
welcome. john d. Long.
Rear Admirals Sampson and Phillips
visited Admiral Dewey. during the day,
and there we're also many other visitors
TO the famous fig ship, Olympia.
The arrangements for the demonstra-
lions on water and land are magnificent
| in the extreme. Never before, perhaps,
have such elaborate preparations been
made. Friday is the naval display and
the water parade from Tompkinsville to
Grants Tomb, and In the evening, har-
| Dor Examinations and fire works. Sat
urday the ceremonies and parade in the
city occur and the review by Admiral
Dewey.
The crowd in New York will be i'm
mense and the two days events will be
grand to the limit of the ability of the
committees in charge, with unlimited
means, to make them so.
The Somerset reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1868-1909, 1899-09-28
Skowhegan Markets
PRICES rAlp rRoIuoeBs.

BuTrER-tlrst quality, stamped, il to 2pIer ID
BEEE-0N beef, . 10 cts.
BEANs-H and-picked yellow eyes. sl,4o TO $50
pea beans. 80
Oats 33rts
tGos- T. is. per doE fresh
HIprs AMP SKISs-Light hides, IL cts
. * hides els IA lamb skins 70 to So eta
each calf skins, - to LEO each.
FortrRY-Fo Fowls, sto10 cts. per 10; chickens
I : "a IS cts
. RurNn Hoo cts.
Wool nwashed, IA to 20 cts.
TAlLpw-RouEh Ct per H.
Potatoes-25 10 40 cts a hu.
RETAIL MARKFr.
New Maple Molasses q cts Ter a.
CHEFsE-lU 20 u per h
FLorK-Spuug wheat Patent. $500 Winter
wheat pat 81 Winter wheat choice, s. ou 20
S425
CoRS-Sl.Oo perbag meal and cracked corr 90
IS. MEAI-Sl..5 per bag.
FEEp-Middlings Sl00 10 Upper cwt Chicago
gluten As sack
TEAs-2o to 80 cents per III.
CoFfFf--l2l2 70 81 cts per u
5 cts
eoRK-se.
MoLAssrs-rure Ponce A. ure Barbados,
so
CHOICE CooKlNG MOI ASSES 81.
DRY FlsH-Cod 10 + Is. FER lh pollock
cts.
ONIoSs-S G, per No.
EGGS- iSets dog.
suoAR-Guuua,ed, Sugar best quality Is
pounds Tor Slo0
brown, 70 pounds for 81.
BUFFERS 20 22cts. per M.
OATs-Westen old S1l1 cts.
Potatoes-S0.5Oa ou.
The Somerset reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1868-1909, 1899-09-28
FOREIGN SUMMARY.

The Emperor and Empress of Ger
many have contributed 3000o marks TO
the Red Cross society for the relief of the
sufferers of the recent floods in Bavaria.
1t is officially admitted that the Ger
man army mobilization plans stolen 10y
Sergeant Schlosser in Wuerzberg, Ba-
yaria. have been sold to France ochlos-
ser is a fugitive from justice
Daniel Talon. lord mayor of London,
has accepted an invitation 10 visit New
York in the interest of the ParneIl
memorial. Mr.. Talon will leave on the
steamer Majestic Oh oct. Il
The Dominion Iron and Steel company
has purchased a large syndicate block
of land at Sydney. c. b, and will erect
1000 cottages for employees and several
superior dwellings for residences Of Of
fcials.
The French government has decided
to pardon Emile Arton, who, in Novem-
Der, 1896, was sentenced TO eight years
Imprisonment for completely with Baron
Won Reinach and d Cornelius Herr in
the frauds on the + mama Canal COM
pany.
Reliable reports fl IN England state
that the negotiations with France over
the French shore question have failed.
and that the British ministry will invite
the colonial legislature at its next session
to renew the modus vivendi about the
lobster fishery along the French shore.
The local legislative council of ST.
Kits, one of the five presidencies of the
Leeward islands, adopted a resolution
asking Joseph Chamberlain to enter INTO
reciprocity convention with the United
States on behalf of St. Kits, Nevis and
Anguilla, constituting the st. Kits
Nevis presidency.
The Transvaal negotiations are now
so long drawn out that. though the Lon
don papers devote great space To them.
popular interest seems tagging The
government organs. while regretting the
attitude of the Orange Free State. point
out that its open hostility will eventually
prove advantageous in Kidding Great
Britain of the annoyance of having u
presumably neutral but really hostile.
power so close to the scene of action, and
enabling Great Britain to add the Free
State to her possessions without en-
countering foreign protests or accuSa-
lions of inhuman ACKNOWLEDGMENT.
The Somerset reporter. [volume] (Skowhegan, Me.) 1868-1909, 1899-09-28
Number 80
Affairs at Manila

A SINAI gun boat, about 10 tons dig
placement has been captured by insur-
gents and the officer and q men in
charge killed OF c4ptnred. in the Orani
river on the northwest side Of Manila
Bay.
Two important dispatches from Gen.
Otis at Manila, were made public BY the
war department, Monday. The first in
dicates that the insurgents On the island
OF Aegros are about To recognize the
authority OF the United states. An
election IN Negros will be held, Oct. =.
The second dispatch say the Ameri-
can flag will be raised in the Sulu
islands. The chief insurgents IN Fam
bOanga are reported willing 70 accept
the authority Of the United States but
desire 10 name conditions which Gen.
Otis will not accept
Secretary Root has received cable
message from Gen. Otis regarding the
Chinese situation ia the Philippines
He says that the shipload Of 700
Chinese landed without any serious in
reference with military operations.
Gen Otis discussed at considerable
length the subject of Chinese in the
Philippine islands. The dispatch to the
state department. where it was made
the subject Of conference between
Acting Secretary Hill and the hinese
minister.
A despatch has been received from
| Manila By the war department stating
that General Snyder attacked the posi-
tion Of The Insurgents five miles west OF
I ( nh n In H.