The Mount Holly news. [volume] (Mount Holly, Burlington Co., N.J.) 1891-1942, 1899-01-10
State horticultural Society.

ceived $1,000 for their crops. The tot,
yield in the state was. us, 900 bushels.
Fungi and insects have been active 0
fruits. Fellows continue to affect peac
orchards. Companies ought to be forme
in communities to fight the insect pest
with spraying Because of rust, aspal
agus has almost ceased to be paying CROP
Moisture early affected tree and vine pro
ducts
The capacity for producing has outrul
the capacity of using Our exports ough
to be increased. The acquisition of new
territories by expansion will indirectl,
benefit the farmers. Farmers should b
trained in scientific manner to produc
at the lowest costs.
The leading and most powerful elemen
we must deal with is the worldwide ten
dency to cheaper the price of everything
whether manufactured or raised from tn,
soil, and apparently the only way to NEE
this is to learn to produce at the smalles
possible cost. Therefore the faculties O.
each individual unit of society should b,
early trained in the most scientific, practi
cal and thorough manner to overcome
control and command the most economical
elements that enter into production
Among the causes that enter into and de
termine cheap production and distribution
are trusts. These have for a long time
exercised the politician and the dema
gogue, and have been the stock in trade
of sensational journalism. Through or
gained capital they have almost invari
ably made steady price for the producer
and reduced the price to the consumer OF
all the products in which they deal Since
1865, through them and other instrument
talities, the prices of many of the staple
productions of this country have been re-
duced to one-quarter of the ruling quota
tons at that time, an almost steady de
cline through period of thirty four
years. They have given waste CONNER
cial value, secured wonderful economy in
all branches of manufacture, saved i'm
mensely in the cost of selling, vastly les
sened cost of transportation, improved the
character of products and enormously in
creased the export demand. AS examples,
the Standard Oil Company sold oil in 1865
at seventy four cents per gallon and now
sells it at six cents gallon, less than
water collected in the oil fields and dis
tributed over the United States to consum-
ers. In the same time the prices of sugar
have been reduced from twenty to five
cents per pound, the trust clearing only
one-third of cent per pound to pay the
cost of refining, purchase of raw material
and interest on the millions of dollars in
vested in refneries and the stock of the
trust. If agriculturists and horticulture
lists could thus combine and only sell at a
price that would bring profit and keep
all inferior stuff out of the market, they
might have profitable story to tell.
Mr.. Budd also spoke of the need of ma
ture teaching in the common schools in
order to create scientific interest in farm
William H. Reid, of Tennent, read the
Vegetable Committees report. Late cab
bage was failure over most of the State,
due to new insect which does most of its
deadly work at night. The same pests
also largely destroyed the turnip crop
The report did not agree with the report
of Secretary Budd in regard to the prev
alence of asparagus rust. The growth of
in Monmouth was particularly
fine, and good promises are shown for an
excellent crop next year. For vegetables
it was better year for the dealers than
for the growers.
Mr.. Budd said he learned that the can
neries of Burlington county this year
took all the asparagus they could get,
while the year before they only took the
best of the plants. The scarcity was said
to be due to the rust.
In discussion on rust it was shown
that the rust had been worse in some parts
of the State than last year, and in other
places not so bad as before.
Emmor Roberts, of Fellowship, report
ed numerous instances in his own and in
the orchards of his neighbors, of the sue
cess Of spraying during the year, which in
each case resulted in big crops
Dr. Ward said that the matter and
method of spraying were important, and
one which the society had not paid enough
to. 1t must be borne in mind
that when the bees and insects are de-
tered by the weather from coming out
there is imperfect fertilizing of the bios
SONS.
Mr.. Roberts said the work of the bee
had been greatly overrated.
Professor John B. Smith, State Ento-
mologist, read a paper on Losses by In
sects and Other Things" He said that
great deal of the polarization was not
only conducted by the bee, but by bees
There is a variety of bees Some of the
best work of polarization is done by a
small bee about one-quarter of the size of
the honey bee In going among the or
chards of the state he has found large
number of trees going to waste. In the
past year in New Jersey there was raised
for the market five million peach trees, a
larger output than in any of the adjoining
states. The state has $4,000 acres in
peach trees, and the life of the tree is ten
years. If the trees set out in the past ten
years had lived, one-half Of the entire
country would be covered with them.
About five per cent. of the trees set out
bear fruit About the same mortality is
found in other trees, for which insects are
chiefly responsible. Half the fight is won
in setting out only a tree that has been
examined and found clean. Many who
set out fruit trees do not know normal
from abnormal conditions. 1t is generally
cheaper to buy a new tree than to clean
an infected one. Borers and root lice are
to be looked for. There is no use in set
ting out tree injured by the borer. To
bacco dust takes care of the root lice. The
roots ought to be wet and dipped in the
dust, or they can be dipped in a solution
of tobacco. Kerosene and soapsuds were
not advocated. Tobacco stems should not
be used, as it takes too long for nature to
release the nicotine, the insecticide of the
weed. The state recently issued a bulle-
tin on the care of fruit trees. A tree in
Tested by the borer should be destroyed at
once to prevent the spread of the larvae.
There is growing colony of plant lice,
which are brought in on trees from other
states They should be cleaned off by
hand. Careful trimming for few years