The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1899-02-07

out a moth like the n that laid the
eggs. It too, lays eggs, and a second
crop of worms is soon Matched which
feeds upon the apple in the same way
and causes our wormy fruit. Now it
will be easily seen that if the first crop
| of worms is detroyed there will be no
/ second. This is one object of spraying.
There is another pernicious insect
known as the canker worm, looping
caterpillar or measuring worm. 1t is
easily distinguished by it's peculiar
looping mode of travel. IL feeds upon
all fruit tr Q and on the elm and other
shade trees. The eggs are deposited in
masses of about one hundred, on the
trunk and branches Of q tree. These
eggs hatch IN the spring and the larvae
feed upon the leaves until full grown.
They then era WI down b tree or drop
by means of q silken thread and enter
the ground a few inches, there spin a
cocoon and change into the pupa state,
from which they emerge as adults the
following spring,
Another pest, the apple %curculio, is
small insect of a dried.Ieat color, it's
main point of distinction being the
elongatlon of the head into a snout or
beak, with which it drills holes in the
apple and there deposits it's eggs. These
eggs soon hatch into fat, white, thick.
skinned, wrInkled grubs. They are in
q more or less curved position, from
which they q we straighten them
selves. These grubs pass through all
transformations in the fruit without
leaving it. These insects belong to the
class that chew their food and may be
killed by poisoning the food they eat.
The aphis OF plant louise is a small
green or dark colored louise, and to
gether with the bark louise belongs to
the class of insects that suck the sap
from the foliage or branches of a tree.
As they do not chew their food at all,
it will be seen that they must be killed
by contact.
The fungus diseases of fruit are also
a bane to the grower of nice fruit.
They are commonly known as rusts,
miIdeWs, blIghts, etc., and are really
very impertectly developed minute
plants, unable to extract from the
earth and air the material necessary
for their existence, so they feed upon
plants that have already extracted
this material and stored it up in the
shape OF fruit. They are reproduced
by spores which are often carried long
distances through the air, thus widely
distributing it. The most common to
us is the apple scab, which not only
attacks the fruit, but the branches Of
a tree also.
l have now mentioned three distinct
classes OF the enemies of fruit, each of
which requires a different solution to
overcome it. Fret, insects that chew
their food for which we use Paris green
or London purple; second, inse Cts that
suck the sap and have to be killed by
contact, for which we use soap and
kerosene, and third, fungi for which
we employ copper sulphate.
There are, however, but two golu-
tions which / would advise the Rveral g
person TO use, namely, the Bordeaux
mixture and the kerosene emulsion.
The Bordeaux mixture is made as TO-
lows: Dissolve SIX pounds Of copper
sulphate IN hot water; using a wooden
vessel. In another vessel slake four
pounds of fresh lime. When ready 10
use, dilute the lime with from fifty to
seventy five gallons of water and then
add the copper sulphate solution. Mix
well and keep it well m,xsd while ep
plying. This is for the prevention of
the fungus diseases. Spray first when
the buds are bursting. Then just after
the bloom has fallen, spray again, the
time adding Paris green to the solution
in the proportion OF one pound Of Paris
| green to 300 gallons of liquid. This
will kill the insec: q as we'll as the fun
gus diseases. Repeat this operation
at intervals Of ten days, if necessary.
You also will fad it 10 Jour ADVANTAGE
to spray your currant and gooseberrv
bushes with this solution TO DESTROY
! the currant worm.
II you find the plant louise or bark
louise bothering you, spray with what
is known as the kerosene emulsion. To
make this mixture dissolve one pound
of common soap in a gallon OF hot
water and add two gallons of kerosene.
Mix thoroughly until it is of a creamy