Arizona republican., 1899-05-26

be struck by the incessant changes
 that are going on in the nature of our 1 foreign trade. It is one thing at one
 period, another thing at another
 period, and few years suffice to make
 a great transformation. Probably this
 has always been the rule At enc time in the history of our foreign trade the export Of raw wool, to use common
 phrase. was king; at a later, the eA-
 port of wOolen manufacturers; al
 later still, the expert of cotton "nan-
 ufaCturers; and last of all, about
 twenty or thirty years ago, the export
 of iron and iron manufactures. What
 we see in the recent history is that
 other things than those mentioned
 have lately been developing the most
 rapidly Coal and ether articles have
 been exported more largely than ever
 before. and they occupy larger pro
 pOrtiUnate place in our export lists.
 Some entirely new articles, such as
 cycles, appear in these lists for the first time. At the same time our ship ping fleet, whose work, as we have seen, is an expert in a special form, has developed prodigiously. Coal and shipping together, we may say, now occupy a chief place such as was for rapidly. Coal and ether articles have merly held by wool, then by woOlen manufactures, and then by iron and iron manufactures
 Summarizing the causes of the re- cent changes in the foreign trade of various countries, MT. Giffen's paper says: ''The excess of imports is to he accounted for in the trade Of a coun- try like England in several ways, prin- cipally by the fact that England is a ship owning country, and does Q large i business all over the world in carry ing goods and passengers. This work l is really in itself in the nature of an | export, giving the country Q credit for i so much in it's dealings with other | countries. In addition, England is a 1 country which earns largely commis- | sions of different kinds in it's trade | with different countries as the com mercial and monetary center of the | worlds trade. Last of all, England is ,ne of. the countries which has become i entitled to the receipt of large interest | and profits from other countries on account Of capital which it has invest ed, and business which it carries on. n such countries, including the sums by British subjects in the service Of a dependency like India
 With regard to the earnings of ships, it is pointed out that the in :rease allowed for is very much less han the increase in the magnitude Of he shipping fleet itself. In 1882 the was that the shipping fleet consisted of four million tons of sail ng ships, and two and a half million ons of steamers, the equivalent in aiHng tons Cf the steamers being considered to be ten millions, making he total in all fourteen million tons. 1t the present time the shipping feet onsists of a small number of sailing onnage, the number of tons being now nly two and one-ha,f millions But he number of steam tons being new my lNO anu IJlO-lldll ulllllOuS. f0uL he number Of steam tons has in- to six and one-half millions, quivalent on the former computation o 26,0O0, 900 tons, and making the ! Ocal of the fleet at the present time in he equivalent Of sailing tonnage over s, 100000 tons, or double what the fig re was eighteen years ago. If the arnings of the ships had increased rCportionate.y to what they were in SS2, the figure would now be e1I0,- O0,000 sterling. as compared with n amount between 97O,OOO,O00 and :; so COG, ,000 sterling above. estimated. long with the increase Of steam ton ] age, however, there has been a great t increase in efficiency and diminution | l the cost of construction anG. work I lg, resulting in a great reduction Of I 'eights, and 1t is not possible to esti- ( late that the gross earnings have in ( reased in proportion to the increase the fleet itself. The estimate finally rived at is between e7O,0O0, 900 and .SO,000, ,0O0.' f
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 DE ECk ON PARIS FAIR