davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1899-01-03

Prot GiIb9rt 81 Hicks, of the Divis
ion OF BOtany IN the D spartment of
Agriculture died suddenly last week at
his residence in Washington. He was
q native OF Michigan and graduate OF
the Michigan Agricultural College.
where later he taught botany. He was
in charge of the seed testing laboratory
of the Department, passing upon all
seeds coming into this country for the
Department and Experiment Station
work. Prof Hicks perfected a verv
excellent system of seed examination
and Qualification before distribution.
also sesd testing for impurities and
adulteration, as practlced by both bv
foreign exoorters Co the United States.
and native dealers. He discovero d
and brought TO account a number of
firms selling highly adultereted farm
and garden seeds the Department be-
ing empowered by act of Congress to
publish the names of such seed smen
doing fraudulent business. Mr.. Fl cks
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1899-01-03

While eyes are turning southwark
in the direction of tropical islands, 1t IS
interesting 90 note, according to the
United States Minister to Haytl, that
American capital is about to seek an
entrance into that island 60 develop Its
resources A New Jersey company Is
being formed to construct arteslen
wells and water supply in various local
tiles. Another company proposes to
develop the native woods which are
very hard and susceptible Of a high
polish. Another syndicate is being
formed to build a railroad which will
open uo the northern part OF the island
Republic. The native government is
aiding these enterprises as far as pos.
sible, aud desires to induce American
capital to invest there and assist IN de
veloping unknown rPaOurces.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1899-01-03

to contain humus. The
crackers" J." in blowing were care care
ful never to turn up any of this yellow
sand; they only worked and produced
in the top soil. A farmer who knew
the value of cowpeas, planted q crop
broadcast and plowed them under,
turning up an inch OF yellow soil,
which was mixed in with the surface
soil by narrowing. Planting a winter
crop. he again sowed peas in the spring
and again turned them under, throw
ing up another inch Of yellow soil.
This. it will be seen, came next to the
soil containing the first crop of peas,
with which it was mixed. He had
been continuing this process, when we
saw his land, for elk years, using lit
tie lime, and his soil was e fac black
loan nine or ten inches deep and capa
bic Of producing immense crops for
that section.
The following Item from q CORE
epondent of one of our exchanges was
copied by US sometime ago and seems
to have attracted considerable atten
tion:
80, fellow farmer, I say raise more
onions. Put out an acre or half acre
for experiment you might say-but I
say you need not experiment, for il
your soil is mellow enough TO produce
corn, wheat, etc., then it will produce
about 5000 bushels OF onions to the
acre, that will bring you from one to
two dollars per bUshel. The imple
ments won't cost more than $50, and
say about $50 will pay for your labor
on them. Don't tell me onions don't
pay! have tried it and know what l
am talking about. It you wish you
can make arrangements with some
buyers for our crop at a certain price
before you raise it, and so be always
sure of good money"
One farmer asked US to get the author
to write an essay on onion growing
This we did lot do, because the author
lived hundreds of miles from North
Carolina, aud therefore did not know
the needs and environments of onion
growers in this State; but we did get
Prof. Frank r. Emery, of our State Ex
pertinent Station, TO write US an article
on tie eubj set, and i6 is needless to say
that he has covered the ground II
every particular. Prot. E merry will
continue to contribute regularly to our
columns, but will not in future confine
himself to dairy subjects. Hence we
nope that any of our farmer readers
who have any questions to ask or sug
gestions to make regarding the farm,
crops, live stock, etc, etc, will not
hesitate to send them in. And do not
forget that we shall be glad to have
your experience and your idees for
public stion. Remember The PROGRESS
I'VE FARMER is here to serve you and it
always gives us pleasure TO do so in
aDY way possible
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1899-01-03
EDITORIAL NOTES.

It ia not too late to prepare for soma
~ the seversst of winters weather
Then it would be we'll to think out a
plan or system for the coming spring
Man was intended to work by system; !;
therein lies his advantage over brute
creation. which generally is incapable
of thinking ahead.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1899-01-03

was young man, jlst starting on
bright and useful career and his loss
will be mourned by the many close
friends he has made as well as felt in
directly by the great agricultural fra
terni5y in whose interests he was g
tireiess lao0rer.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1899-01-03

M OsL eXtravagsnG claims have been
made both for and against the Mid
African Limbless cotton or the Jack
son Limbless cotton, which is one and
che came thing. That the claims made
as to the wondrous advantages of this
cotton are fakes, is beyond question,
as this paper has more than once given
facts to prove; but OF the other hand
the statement made that the variety
Is absolutely wor thless, is also mis-
les ding. There were three firms in
Atlanta selling seed, charging as high
as 5000 Per bushel, but it ia probable
that with the publicity which the press
has given the matter, their sales have
rapidly decreased. The Cotton Planter
says ironically that liberal pruning
Is necessary to make it limbless, that
there was nothing with the Jackson
L'mblees cotton seed sent out; the
fault lay with thick headed Mississippi
farmers who were not smart enough to
keep their cotton pruned. L. II.
OOWCTg AESASbC4I9 OJGaA4ASG Vi blG Oo
partment of Agriculture, who investi.
gated the matter at the instance of
8 cretary Wilson, believes the Jack
son to be a good variety and seful in
some sections, though not worth any
fancy price. While not in any sense
iImbless, its limbs are much shorter
tnan those Of other varieties, which is
an advantage. The heaviest yield Of
the cotton plant ia borne on the lower
branches and the weight Of the bolls
sinking these down near the ground, In
the event OF rain the cotton is certain
t1 be bespattered and injured. This
trouble is absent in the Jackson, as the
limbs are short and stout and do not
Gag, so as to endanger the bolls being
spattered with mud Mr. Lewey re
CARDS the jackson as one of q number
of the best varieties
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1899-01-03

lam ssamd.ng rsotO Jsest 9eI's,'@ @ !,<, 5fss
.,-tr;,, ;,.' G,,d Il, fIH ggOl0cJ the coi'ssTs8
.'.nssf STssf'' 3 Bshis:d @,s Gre the stado.os on
';s"T@s ;Sn f,1ab before ne gtes the dGrk uGtlsy
we '',y = a. rf,,sT When nsi11gle tCtth tts
:S.E s1'I ', ,rnfeTs tUu7st to cast one ttfageT
:.sg nj look ,spo1s country tOhose gOrer's-
,Ss,,f ~ IA of the people, for the people
md bv TIE people. Il L. Polk JsftS
0k. 1890
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1899-01-03

We cannot too strongly nor too often
urge the supreme Importance Of plant
ing seeds that are perfectly pure and
fresh. Seeds that are offered at cheap
prices are Rlmoet invariably of doubt
full origin and uncertain age, sure to
cause the planter disappointment and
loss The thoughtful planters only
surety lies in buying seeds sent out by
a conscientious and trustworthy house.
Now, we have received a copy Of the
very handsome seed catalogue issued
By r. B Mills, Rose Hill, N. Y. Mr..
Mills is one of cur very best seedsmen,
and we advise our readers to drop a
postal to the above address for a copy
Of his catalogue. Do not fail 10 say
that you saw their ad in The PRO
GREssIvE FARMER Then, too, a vast
NUMBER of American gardeners have
(and have had for years. the utmost
confidence in seeds that bear the name.
d NJ. Ferry & 90. Detroit, Mich. The
present generation Of planters can
hardly remember the time when
Ferry's seeds were not on sale every
where each year and as regularly
planted by thousands-with the great
est faith in the unvarying quality of
the seeds and in the integrity Of the
firm that grew them Every planter,
whether already a buyer of Ferry's
seeds or not, should s md for Ferry's
Seed Annual for 1899 1t is mailed free
to anyone who mentions The Pro
GREsSIVE FARMER
Tne firm of J. H. Gregory & Sons,
Marblenead, Mass, is also perfectly re-
liable and catalogues free. None of
our subscribers need hesitate to buy
from either Of these three houses.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1899-01-03

WThe PFOEreO-
0lva Farmer 10 q
rood paper---hr
Sbove the aver
Gze-and possibly
tSe best adverti9-
lao medium in ~
ca Printers Ink.
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1899-01-03

Has the largest
ciFcuIatiOn Of aaV
family agriCultu.
raj or political
paper published
between Rich
mOnd and Atlanta
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1899-01-03

[CoNTINUED on PAGE 81
The progressive farmer. [volume] (Winston, N.C.) 1886-1904, 1899-01-03

the row. Going twice insures close
work by machine on each side and less
hand work. If you have a ssraddle
wheel machine set the tool on either
side to come as near as you can trust
yourself at walk without disturbing
the plants. This writer prefers the
single wheel machine
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1899-06-09

China centuries ago. 1t has since be-
come the staple food of the natives on
account of the ease with which it is
produced. The quality is excellent. At
present all the rice produced is con-
sumed in the islands, but much good
land is not cultivated.
Sugar cane Is grown extensively
throughout the archipelago. OF late
years beet sugar has cut into the profits
of this business, but with the removal
with the supersedence of buffalo power
by steam and with the opening up of
the back country by railroads, or at
least highroads, the Philippine planta-
tions will reduce the present Have
meyer prices.
Abaca, or hemp, is grown widely.
The gathering of abaca is an operation
necessitating considerable care and
conscientiousness. The natives pos
cess neither of these qualifications,
and, employing primitive methods, ruin
the finer fiber of the plant. Observers
say that machinery capable of preserv-
ing these delicate tibers is feasible. In
that case abaca could be used for gar
ments, napkins, sheets, and even hand
kerchiefs. At present the hemp is
used chiefly for sails, doormats, and
rope. The Philippines will probably
retain practical monopoly of this
crop; its cultivation has been attempt
ed in many other places, but never sue
cessfully except in the extreme north
ern part of Borneo.
Native tobacco has always been in
digenous to Luzon, but the quality is
strong and bitter. Early in the seven
teenth century missionaries introduced
the Mexican plant with great success.
Tobacco plantations multipled; the
| business became more and more pros
porous until in 1871 it was made state
monopoly. Laws were enacted that all
sales should be to the government. A
planter might not smoke cigar of his
own make under penalty of 81 fine
The government was not always
prompt to pay for goods received; ma.
tives refused to cultivate their land
and fled to the mountains; soldiers fol.
lowed and killed whom they found; at
night the natives returned again and
fired the crops in the field. In this way
NIlndoro's once tlourishlng business has
been annihilated. Spain now took an.
other step; not only must all tobacco
raised be sold to the state buyers ION
credit, but every family should own
and care for at least 1000 tobacco
plants. The abuses resulting from
this last statute became so horrible
that even Spanish officials protested
to the home government; the Castillan
statesmen, realizing the sponge was
squeezed dry, repealed the monopoly
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1899-06-09

laws in 1882. Even under such aus
pices the tobacco remained excellent.
Since the business has been open it has
increased tremendously. Manila num-
bers scores of factories-native, Chi
nese, and Spanish; several of them
have over 500 operatives.
Coffee is grown to a considerable eX-
tent; the quality is unusually good.
Little, however, finds its way out Of
the archipelago. The cocoa plant was
introduced from Central America early
in the seventeenth century. Philippine
chocolate is always spoken of we'll by
returned travellers.
Various minerals are found in paying
quantities. Especially is this true of
Luzon and Mindanao. Gold and sui
phur will prove of value to prospec-
tors; silver, mercury, copper and tin
have furnished returns, but the extent
of the deposits is a matter of investiga-
tiOn.
On many islands the AK has never
been raised against the immense virgin
forests; in few have its depredations
been extensive. Over a hundred differ
ent varieties of wood have been classi-
fed. Among them we find teak; naga,
resembling mahogany; tipolo, for mu-
steal Instruments; lanitan, for guitars
and violins; lockwood, ebony and bam-
boo.
The Inhabitants.
The inhabitants of these islands are
strangely mixed lot. Malay charac-
teristics generally prevail throughout.
The many attempts to classify the peo-
pies into various district tribes and
races have failed, for the reason that
pure blood of any sort is rare.
1t Is safest to divide the native Fill
pinos into Christianized Malays, pagan
Malays, and Mohammedan Malays.
The first named comprise five and a
half millions of the total population of
eight millions. They resemble our ne
groes in many ways. They are music
lovers, fond of the sunshine, supersti-
tious. Though usually good-natured
they are subject to fits of murderous
| passion. Nature in the tropics is so
| industrious that man need not assist
her to any great extent in order to live
comfortably. The Filipino will not work
as long as he is not about to starve.
When he has made enough to live on
for month or two the ex-laborer re-
tires to his thatched hut, smokes his
cigarettes, fights his gamecock, strums
his guitar, and sings love songs to his
wife or sweetheart.
The natives Of the northern islands
are called Tagalos. They are the small
est and least brave, but also most
treacherous and tricky of the Filipinos
and always have been reckoned as the
poorest fighters; have always been
] most completely under Spain's domina.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1899-06-09

"Ihe newspaper correspondents. wls
cameras in their hats and pencils stio
ing out of their pockets like ouills NV
porcupine, didn't get hold of evervtb,r
that happened in the late war"
marked the lieutenant. "There wos az
time the Spanish fooled the One u,'-
dred and Twenty-seventh voluntoon
for instance"
"How was it, lleutenant?" osso,
somebody.
why, it was the sharpest trick W,
ever heard of, and simple as A n y
You know, the One Hundred oni
Twenty-seventh is made up of ms'
from New York City-all heroes 4
course, but still they are accrstomsi
to the civil walks of life. And the cvn
walks of life, taken literally. NOW
adays, are peculiar paths. 1t was
San Juan. The regiment had been q,
dered to advance and lie down chs,
among some low bushes. The Snon
iards were only a short distance h
front, The firing had ceased In tha
neighborhood and all was still ON
men were in a state of intense thougl
suppressed excitement. You conll
never guess what those crafty SDap
iards did. Suddenly they rang bicr
Gle bell, and followed it with cab.
car gong. The Hundred and Twenv
seventh jumped into the air as Oh,
man. The Spaniards blazed away and
tried to take 'em on the wing. oil
course, they didn't hit a thing, becaug
Spaniards never do; but if they had
been good shots they might havg
bagged the whole regiment. Aud /
would not be surprised If they'd had
an elevated road guard to yell Step
lively! that they could have stampede
every last man."-Harper's Bazar
Now that the volunteers are back
the opportunities for obtaining at first
hand knowledge of the real horrors Of
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1899-06-09

war are percept
bly, creased
Two Chicago boy;
who were together
at Santiago, grow
i n g reminiscent
disclosed a fearful
fact yesterday.
81 have Otter
wondered" said
one, "and nov
that we are baA
home, l want b
know WHY YOU re
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1899-06-09

ton, and have suffered most accord.
ingly.
The central group of islands is term
ed the Nisaya group. The inhabitants
called Nisayos-are somewhat larger,
stronger, more Independent than the
Iagalos. The difference, however is
far less marked than between our diff
ferent Indian tribes. Travellers, in or
der to strengthen the force of their
distinctions and comparisons, are an!
to push them little far. The sharply
drawn distinction between the Taga.
los and the Vlsayoss is not justified.
The Moros or Mohammedan Malays
aggregate less than a million. They
lnhabit the Sulu group at the south OF
the archipelago, parts of NIindanaO.
and the southern third of Palawan.
one Sultan, whose residence is Sulu. is
acknowledged throughout these ISL.
ands. The Moros are a fierce. fanati-
cal, seafaring race, who were never
conquered by Spain. 1t is unsafe for
White man to venture among them,
10 kill Christians is part of their re.
ligious belief.
The aborigines Of the islands are the
Negritos, a puny, miserable, dwarf
race. AS the Malays swept up through
the archipelago the Negritos were
driven into the most remote and meow
eted parts. Though not of true negro
stock, they are much blacker than the
Malays, and their intelligence is far
lower. The total number is estimated
at $4,000.
Island of Luzon,
Luzon is the largest, most nonulous
most developed, and most civilized of
the Philippines. 1t has an area of 10
600 square miles, or over one-third the
whole area of the archipelago, about
nVe-eighths of the whole population
the only railroad, and the only factor,
les. 1t is the seat of the capital, and #
contains fifty times as MANY foraicn-
ers as all the rest of the islands put 70.
gether. Luzon is supposed to supporr
100000 inhabitants. OF these. 81 nor
cent. are civilized to a certain eytent
In development, Luzon, though the
most advanced of the PHILIPPINES is
disgracefully backward. There is ona
little, badly managed railroad, 120
miles in length. The highroads, twen.
ty miles inland, are either lacking alto,
gether or are merely trails. There ara
no fat-bottomed steamers on the larger
rivers, though they could do a thriyin.
business. The sugar mills are operoted
Dy bufalo power In consequence, par,
TALLY exhausted sugar land near Man.
iia' or other ports, brings over S1OO an
acre. while further back in the conn.
TRY land third more fertile brings $50
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1899-06-09
Use for Waste.

Ihe gases from blast furnaces, whicH
nave hitherto been wasted, are nov
Deing used for driving gas engines. u
Germany, where the experiment ha'
oeen tried, it is claimed that this nes
iected product is exceedingly econoI
icai and satisfactory, as it costs Du'
little to secure the gas.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1899-06-09

A veteran Of the war of the rebellion
was telling some of his experiences to
civilian, and he was dwelling upon
rue terrific courage of the captain Of
his company, and also his profanity 10
those days profane officers were much
more common than they now are, and
they were especially noticeable among
the volunteer troops. The captain re-
ferred to was notorious In two armies
Tor his command of profane Language
and he never entirely recovered from
1t, though his admission to the regulai
army at the close of the war mOder
ater his manner somewhat.
1T meant death to every man Of u.s.
said the veteran, speaking Of pro
posed charge on line of breastworE
before Richmond, 'if we went in there
ana we knew it, but there wasn't any
thing else to do, unless we got differeD'
orders. There had been mistake ID
ordering us to take the works untl
~ ShLOl SClltulS lldu COluC ~
that wasn't any of our business"
well, now," demurred the civilian
i don't look at it that way. 1t ought %
nave been your business not to have
fought when you knew you were going
to be whipped"
IF we had put up any sort of blua
like that, you bet our captain wouIa
nave got one of his swearing spells oN
and then the dickens would have been
to pay. He just never would have co.
done cussing us for being towards"
do you mean to say your compan!
would have gone in and been killed
rather than to stand the captain
swearing?'
THAT'S what"
well, 1 wouldn't"
"Oh, but you never heard the captaln
cuss."-Washington Star.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1899-06-09

some women make continued sto!
Oh their troubles and recite a chapIa
every time they see friend.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1899-06-09

ported for sick call about four days out
of every week and yet never seemed
any more sick than l WASP"
"Why, if you were only foxy you'd
have been wise like the rest of us. One
doctor was homeopathist and, 10
matter what kind of pills he gave out
they were all sugar-coated and the!
made the best sweetening for cOfe
that ever happened."-Chicago News
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1899-06-09

"A coincidence is the antiquated plea
of the plagiarist.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1899-06-09

Now that the volunteers are back
the opportunities for obtaining at first
hand knowledge of the real horrors Of
Marshall County independent. (Plymouth, Marshall County, Ind.) 1897-1902, 1899-06-23
Laws Are Upheld.

The last of the fee and salary law con-
stitutiOnal cases is at an end. The su-
preme court Thursday rendered an
opinion in the case entitled, Moses ID.
Harmon VS.. the board of county com
mlssioners of Madison county. 1t at
firmed the decision of the Madison cir
cult court, which upheld the law.
The action was one by the appellee TO
recover from the appellant, who was re-
corder of Madison county, certain fees
collected by him which he failed to pay
into the county treasurer under the pro-
visions of the fee and salary law.
Resistance was made by the appellant,
who claimed the fee and salary laws of
1891 and 1895 to be unconstitutional.
He asserted that 1t was his right to
hold all the fees collected by him under
the provisions of the law of 1879.
The appellant in this case assigned
two reasons why the laws should be
held to be unconstitutional.
81. Because said acts do not grade
the compensation of officers in proper
ton to population and the necessary
services required, as provided by the
constitution
"2. Because both acts make an un
founded classification of county Off
GERS into those previously elected as
one class, and those sfterward elected
as another class, exempting the first
class from the operation of said acts
without any reason for such classified
ton.
The supreme court, Judge bowling
writing the opinion, and the others, ex-
cepting Judge Jordan, concurrlng, de-
cided both propositions against the ap-
pellsnt.
In his opinion Judge bowling reclted
the facts in the case and the sections of
the law of 1896, declaring that the coun.
ty officers named should receive only
the compensation provided therein,
which was asserted to be graded in pro
portion to population and necessary
services in the different counties, and
the section providing what fees should
be paid to the officers in Madison
county.