davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-07-22
DR.. HALLS LECTURE.
Child Study ard Psychogenesis Treated
In Thorough Manner.

DR.. Hall spoke on "Child study and
psychogenesis" and said in substance
Man must be regarded as transition
to higher race. Certainly we have
new conceptions opened up since the
new conceptions in the evolution of the
human soul have come about. 1t is
probably not hard to believe in the evo-
luton of the body, but most of us be-
lieYe, perhaps, because we have been
taught SO, that the soul came into the
body at some particular time.
When we came to consider education
as an accessory of evolution, we shall
understand that there is a function Of
evolution in the soul. The mind has
begun to unfold since the body stopped,
perhaps. Perhaps we are coming back
to Aristotle, that the soul of man has
been push up.
We can never have any philosophy
till we know the true conception of psy-
chOgenesis. 1t is the object of educa-
ton to fit the man to the church, home,
state, as they now exist? We never
can have philosophy of teaching till we
are on the basis that this life is only
transition to something better.
| wish to suggest some rather risky
things. / can barely suggest them as
Have we any traces Of the primitive
native life in the soul? There are some
indications that there are, but you must
make up your own minds. In the hui
man embryo there is a distinct fish
stage, the gill-slits, and aquatic brain;
then there Is seen an amphihian struct-
ure and then the animal This hydro
psychoss, if there is such thing, is a
remnant Of the water age There is an
amphibian tendency in the human eye,
in some adults there are white spots on
the neck where the gill-slits closed up.
A child laid face downward on the
floor makes padding movements, even
to the placing of the palm Of the hand
in the correct position.
We cannot get traces of the soul in
fossils as we can of bones. Women,
whose organism is more conservative
than men, are found to commit suicide
by drowning more frequently than by
other methods. Children sometimes
have an uncomfortable desire to leap
into the water. Water played great
part in older PHILOSOPHERS. Many ma
tions had water deities. Children react
peculiarly to water. When they are
put into water for the first time they
instinctively begin to paddle.
The obvious way of explaining this
is that man first knew the sea, he was
connected with it for some time. Take
the dendppsychosis, that of the trees.
We know that we in some way had
arboreal ancestors. Children have a
peculiar clinging power when only a
day or two old, but it is lost soon. Then
we have the incorporation of the
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-07-22
SANFORD ON CHARACTER.
There Are No Different Types But People
of Different Characters.

DR.. Sanford spoke on classification
OF character" and after reviewing the
talk of the day before, said in part:
The normal growing old is when the
bodily powers fail before the mental
powers A man should live in the pc
riod IN which he is and the world
seems to be made for the coming gem
Grafton.
There is a natural growth of char
acter, depending on physical conditions
ana mostly on social conditions. The
doctors say that there are no such
things as diseases all they see is a sick
person, There are no different types of
character; there are people of different
characters. No character Is fixed. 1t
shifts from day to day or as circum-
stances change.
The types, as they are studied, are
almost all of them artificial; they have
the smell of the psychological labora-
tory. | shall follow Rlbot in general.
but have changed somewhat. In the
first place. people differ in Elasticity
and rightly. The first type here seems
TO have no character at all but to de-
pend on circumstances. Such plastic
people are desirable for the history Of
the race, to adapt themselves to en-
vironment. But the types to study
must be selected from the rigid char
acter.
Characters are brought out by cir
cumstances; hard times, war. suffer-
ing, give opportunity for showing
character The aparchistic state would
be the most ideal state for the develop
ment Of personal character. but as soon
as personal character developed the
anarchistic state would cease to exist
A character differs In respect 70 sus
sceptibility to emotion and feelings IN
energy and activity and in reasction,
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-07-22
PURIFY THE PARK WATERS.
Dr. Hodge Treats of Fishes, Snakes and
Turtles and Their Use.

DR.. Hodge spoke on Fishes, snakes
and turtles and read some of the es-
says on toads by Worcester school chill
dren, which had been submitted for the
prize offered by DIR. Hodge. CONTINUE
ing, he said in substance:
The extreme scarcity of the common
tree toad is one of the problems We
need these little fellows to eat cater
pillars.
The relation of children to toads used
to be to kill the toad, but 1t Is some
what different now. Frogs are not re-
spected, however. They keep the
streams clear of all sorts of slime and
small insects and should have the same
protection given to toads.
l have felt that we are following
rather narrow line in this course. L
think we ought to take up some things
that haven't human values. Children
are interested in turtles. They make
good pets and learn to come when
called by their names.
The exact laying time, / don't know.
They lay from 80 to 50 eggs in a pocket
in sand banks. To watch these eggs
hatch out would be most interesting to
the children.
The food of turtles has not been
studied very much. They eat fish
SCAA6 u0Sho dt1u lTOSS ana
tadpoles, earthworms when they can
get them.
In the relation between a child and
snake, the child kills the snake The
food OF no variety of snakes has been
studied. The black snake, we know,
eats chickens and the anphibia, and is
probably of very little human value.
The relation between children and
fish Is the large question of keeping our
1Ixr
large question of economic value Of
fishes.
don't know a better study for the
children than a study of the surface
water of Worcester. The lakes in Uni
versity park and Elm park have been
reeking with slime in the summer. The
problem is 80 filling the park waters
with living things, as to keep the water
pure. II park commissioners knew the
value Of CLAIMS and tadpoles and fishes
the waters in the parks would be much
different
No sport should attract children as
much as fishing, but In most of our sur
face water there is no satisfaction in
fishing. Another problem for the school
children is to find out just how to in
crease the number Of fish.
The catfish, or horned pout, dig holes
IN muddy banks and deposit their eggs
When the eggs hatch the old pouts FOL
low the young about. The pout, how
ever IL bad form Of fish to Introduce
into a small pond The perch lay their
eggs at different seasons, according to
the latitude. They make their nests in
the rippies Of streams early in spring,
The piekerel lays about the same time
The bass make large nests on the sandy
bottom Of swift rivers and then stay
over the nest to protect the eggs. Ev
cry game bird, fish or frog should he
protected during the spawning season.
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-07-22
PROGRAM TO-DAY.
The program for today follows:

Inc program Tor today follows: af
8 a, m-Dr. Hodge, Insect study
. a. m,-Dr, Burnham, THE period.
Of study"
10 a. m.-Dr Sanford, "The sensi-
tives.p
II a. m.-Dr. Hall, Adolescence /"
play" "
to p. m.-Dr. Hodge, Mature
=, p: m;-Dr. Lindley, Attention and
laboratory. i0o'
-, 3 p; m.-Dr. chamberlain, Culture
4 ,. m,-Dr. Meyer, How does the
nervous system become diseased p.
p. m.-Dr. Burnham, educational
conference. ''ona'
p. m.-Dr. Lindiey, psychological
demonstration ~~A
p. m.-Dr. Chamberlain. "The maxi
ing OF genius, (Abraham Lincoln.1a
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-07-22

specifically Whist it is. 1t is state OF
consciousness. Pilot says it is mar
rowing Of the field of consciousness. He
gays polyideaism is normal and atten-
ton, monoideaism is abnormal.
Attention varies with interest There
is the adjustment of all the sense or
gans. When there is sound We can
barely hear, there is tension in the ear; ;
something hard to see causes tension
in the eye The muscles of the scalp
seems to be affected by attention. There
are changes in respiration. When you
pay attention you hold your breath
There is spontaneous and voluntary
attention. In the first case there is q
desire to see something. Voluntary at
tention is the much more varied type.
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-07-22
ginning of the tenth century that

ginning of the tenth century that
America came out.
We can say that the Norsernen visit
ed America, but we cannot say lndt
they discovered America. They settled
in Greenland, but it is probable that
they never came further south than
Labrador.
We can dismiss the idea of Morse in
fiuence as being out of the question: II
is crediting the Norseman with put
little wit to think if he had hit upon
Massachusetts or Virginia he would
have forgotten it, If one wants to read
a large collection of myths he has but
to read the literature about the Morse
men in America. In 1910 even, the
Morse settlement in Greenland was de-
stroyed.
Hence we may credit Columbus with
the discovery of America. We see how
little people thought of the discovery of
America for a century afterwards. One
is astonished to find how late it was
that European literature described the
people of America as humans. Every
thing that existed in the imagination of
Europe was transferred to America.
All the discredited mythology of Eu-
rope, Asia and Africa was revised in
America.
On the other hand was the story OF
Ell Dorado, of the wealth in America.
There We're more companies organized
to hunt gold, to pillage cities than can
be counted. The craze for visiting
America was astonishing. One car
see from this that America, when il
first came into history, labored under
disadvantages.
In all probability man is as ancient In
America as he is in Europe. All the
old remains go to show that man lived
in America almost coeyal with the
men of the river drift Of France.
America was peopled by the same
people of western Europe, whom We
have seen peopled Egypt and India and
Persia, who crossed over the then ex-
listing land bridge from Europe tc
Greenland. AS the ice of the glacial era
retreated the people followed it, and
some developed into the Esquimaux OF
today and others into the American
Indian.
Regarding America, it is the greatest
environment in the world, for no part
Of the world has ever been shut off
from the rest of the world and peopled
by a single race
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-07-22
The highest forms have to conform to
what is deeper.

The highest forms have to conform to
what is deeper
The worm, the fish, the mammal and
man came in contact with a series Of
environments which the lower animal
knew nothing of.
Other living beings make up the
greatest part of our environment. The
competition between two jelly fish is
quite different thing FIR competi-
ton between higher types ach jelly
fish lived its own individual life But
when we come to the higher worms,
muscular activity develops energy and
the fight becomes stronger. Just as soon
as the fight began, the worm came to
find out who his neighbors are. There
the other fellow" is making part Of the
environments Of the worm.
The only relation at first was to eat
or be eaten. AS we come up into the
mammals, perhaps, they began to help
each other, and the mammalian struct-
ure began to push them together in So
clal life. AS we go upward in the
scale OF life, the living being becomes
more ana more part of environment
We should find the resultant of the
influence of environment stamping it.
self upon the form of the being.
10 look at the development of the
sense organs. Touch and smell come
hrst, then possibly hearing in the lower
worm. In the higher worm there came
the first sign of the eye. No new sense
organs are developed after the higher
worms. The other senses keep on adj
vancing to certain point, and their
place taken to some extent by the per-
ception Of relations. The animal goes
on from the tangible form Of perception
to the perception of the intangible The
human being recognizes that outside Of
himself there is a power that will hurt
him If he does some things. The ear
and eyes developed because our ances-
tors We're pelted by sound and light
Perhaps that feeling of religion has
been developed by pelting. Confor-
nifty to environment has not worked
away from the sense forms, but has
worked to mental and spiritual ele-
ments. ~
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-07-22

DR.. Brooks, in Popular Science
Monthly, July 1899, on the "Propaga-
ton of Seafishes," tells how man may
influence the balance of life in the sea.
The danger which comes from the in
nuence of man is fundamentally differ
ent from the dangers in the natural en-
emies. The cod fisheries were in great
danger before the fish commission took
them in hand. The fish commission be-
gan the culture work by taking eggs
from the bodies of shad caught by fish
ePmen, Matching them artificially and
turning them loose in the streams.
Within eight years there was an in
crease Of IS per cent.
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-07-22
DR.. MEYER ON FoRE-BRAlN.

DR.. Meyer continued his talk on the
development of the fore-b brain and told
of some of the first ideas held regard
ing the convolutions of the cerebrum.
The doctrines of physiognomy and phre-
nology were brought about through a
lack of knowledge of the real function
of the fore-brain, and much of the
work done by Psychologists during the
past century has been to disprove these
theories. Wax models were shown and
the charts made by Prof. Cajal during
his lectures at the decennial were used
to illustrate some of the points
Willmar tribune., 1899-03-08
PROOF OF FRIENDSHIP.
Germany Withdravs Her Warships
from the Philippines and Asks Our
Protection for Her Subjects

Washington, March 1.-The German
government has set at rest, etfectually,
the rumors of purpose on it's part. di.
rectly or indirectly, to e1nbarrass the
United States in the Philippine islands,
and has given signal manifestation of
it's desire to promote the most cordial
relations between Germany and the
United States by ordering the with
drawal of all vessels of it's navy from
Philippine waters, and placing the lives
and property of its subjects there under
the protection of the United States gov
ernment. The president has accepted
the trust, and there will be no German
ships at either Manila or Iloilo to dis.
turb the relations between the two
countries by forming the base. of SEN
sational and false rumors.
Willmar tribune., 1899-03-08

Practical all packages which 60
through such 8 big post office. as that IS
New York or Chicago are /. examined,
The Temptation t. scribble some thing
on card inclosed il 9 package is hard
to resist in most cases. and as. q conse-
squence the amount g of money ollected
Tor ins sufficient postage is wonderful.
According to Leslie $ ekly, New York
eellects on q = average e; 5000 a day from
the receivers q underpaid packages,
and the receip S his source the
three days before last hristma were
oven .11.
Willmar tribune., 1899-03-08
MINO OR n :EWS ITEMS.

II For the Week Ending March 2. RAE .
SenQr Cuestas has been elected pres
ident Of Uruguay. 2.. n. /.
Mrs. Mary Miller, Of Baker, Ind, died
at the age Of 100 years. ..=ss. s...#: B
A state league Of municipal officials
was organized at Peoria, III.
Samuel Mcintyre died at his home
near Princeton, N. J., aged lo2 years. s
Sara Jewett, once a well-known &C:
tress, died in Cambridge, Mass, aged
62 years. 4 @= 4: !. n +: y.
Mrs. Betsey Hasbrouck, of Oshkosh,
Wis, celebrated her one hundredth
birthday. s (: = NJ a.,
Fire in Louisville, KY, wiped out sew
eral business houses, entailing loss
Of 100000. 80 ..
The Covington (Ky.) post office was
robbed of stamps and money to the
amount of 100000
Joseph H. Choate, the new American
ambassador to the court of St. James,
arrived in London.
August Becker confessed in Chicago
that he killed his wife January ~ by
pushing her into the lake. ~
The various whisky and distilling
companies in the United States have
formed trust with capital of $685.
100000.
Gen. Reyes. the rebel commander in
Nicaragua, surrendered voluntarily at
Managua tc American and British naval
officers.
The cotton ma anufacturers of Rhode
Island and New Bedford, Mass, will re-
store the wages of their operatives to
the 1898 schedule.
The Windsor hotel. the opera house
and several other buildings were de-
stroyed by fire in Holyoke. Mass, the
loss being $50000o.
William B. Depew, a prominent rail-
road man and brother of Senator-elect
Chauncey NJ. Depew, died in Buffalo,
N. Y. aged 63 years.
Paddy Shea, the pugilist, was SEN
fenced in Topeka. Kan, to 80 years in
the penitentiary for the murder of Ed
Dawson in a saloon row.
The American flag has been raised
over Guam, and Commander Taussig,
of the Bennington, is the first Amer
ican governor of the island.
Engineer Yeargin and Firemen Hem
dershot and Dillare were killed and En-
gineer Schreiber fatally hurt in coll
lision near Hot Springs, New.
Jesse James, Jr., charged with COM
plicity in the robbery of Missouri
Pacific train near Leeds, Mo-, was de-
clared not guilty in Kansas City.
The Madrid senate approved the mo-
ton of Marshal Martinez de Campos
demanding a parliamentary inquiry
into the conduct of the recent war.
Walla Tonka, an Indian, was hanged
at Alikehi courthouse, in the Chcctaw
nation, for numbering his uncle, Lamp
son Young, in the summer of 1897.
The armored cruiser New York, flag
ship of the North Atlantic squadron,
Rear Admiral Sampson commanding
and the battleship Indiana arrived at
LA g ,-s .aS9
Willmar tribune., 1899-03-08
DENMARK.

How do you doll died yesterday
Those were the words of Peter Nielsen,
Danish actor, upon entering the office
of a life insurance company in Kris
tiania. Il died yesterday, and now 7
am here to draw my money" he con-
tinued. And in one sense he was right
His insurance policy contained a clause
emitting him to be his own beneficiary if
he lived until the age of 80 years. And
he had actually completed his 9Oth year
the day before At first he was not
treated seriously, but he was up to busi-
ness. and did not leave the office until
the money had been handed to him.
The Danes are making better use of
the agricultural resources of their coun-
try than any other people in the world.
But their energies are still bent on max
ing improvements the only means of
holding their present position among the
agricultural nations. A new measure has
been taken with this purpose in view
1t is royal decree establishing farmers
credit unions. The national government
is to set aside about one million dollars
to be used as a working fund until the
unions may accumulate enough to re-
fund it. Credit unions are to be estab-
the auspices of the minister for agri-
culture. Only farmers will be admitted
into the union. Upon the admission of
member the value of his property is as
certained, and the amount of money
which he may borrow in the future is
limited by the number of head of cattle
kept by him; but any farmer may join
the union for smaller amount than the
of assessors. The admission fee is q
cents for each head of large domestic
animals owned by the member Each
member shall be entitled to borrow an.
amount which must not exceed s13 50 per
head of cattle, nor $50 in all. The exec
utive committee fixes the amount of the
loan in each case, and every loan must
be paid within nine months The bor-
rover gives only common personal se-
curity,'' and the rate of interest must
not exceed 4 1-2 per cent. per annum. The
bookkeeper and the board of directors
are paid regular salaries; but each mem
Der of the executive committee receives
only 81 cents for each executive SESSION
of the committee The unions are based
on the principle of mutual responsible
ity. If the losses exceed the reserve
funQ, the QeHcll Snau De covered Il by an
assessment Of all members on the basis.
of the number of head Of cattle regis
tered by each. No union shall comprise
more than 10000 head OF cattle. without
special permission from the minister
for agriculture This limitation is made
IN order to enable the executive cons
mittee to become familiar with the fl-
nancial standing Of those who apply for
loans. szs s S
s The minister for ecclesiastical affairs
has proposed an approp opriati ion of S475. 900
for new theater, which is to be an
addition to the royal theater.
Denmark exported over OoooO. 900
pounds Of pork In 1885 t q selling price
| of.. $3.50 600. 81 But the export OF butter
was Isl. .0O0.oO0 pounds. and its ,va.ue SIS. 3ssss- Z
600 $50 4 Most OF the hut ter goes g Eng-
land France exports only about one-
third as much butter a. Denmark 6
Ensland.
Willmar tribune., 1899-03-08
New Party.

Cincinnati, March IA new national
political party, to be known as the
union = N. reform party, Il was organized
herefFyesterday, its chief plank being
the I'M itiative and referendum. ,..R. S..
Thomp mpson, Of this city. is chairman Of
the national executive committee
Willmar tribune., 1899-03-08
To BE POstmaster Mt Hava1

Washing on, March Edward p.
Thompson. of Indianapolis, Ind, has
tbeenss selected as postm aster Of Havana,
Cuba, For several years he has been
deput y ostmaster at indianapolis, and
is trained postal official TIT ssSS5 s. :
Willmar tribune., 1899-03-08
THE ITASCA PARK.

In regard to the bill by. Representative
Deming, which was recommended to pass
by the committee on public parks, there
has been much agitation of late. The
bill provides for the purchase Of tracts of
land near the headwaters of the Missis-
sippi to the extent of 5000 acres, belong
ing to Pillsbury, Walker and the Weyer-
hauser syndicates, who are. said to be
preparing to cut their pine. The state
has taken no action to restrain them or
acquire their rights to the land as yet,
thus failing to fulfill the agreement. with
congress under which the land was
granted. ~ = :. = ,@:-4.@+t.5# n u
l. Under the congressional resolution set
ting aside land for the Itasca park, il the
Minnesota legislature fails to pass a law
protecting the timber on the reservation,
the whole tract, with its improvements,
will revert to the general government and
Congressman Eddy says that resolution
declaring such forfeiture can be- and is
likely to be introduced at any time.
Willmar tribune., 1899-03-08
STATE G.. A. r.

At the regular meeting of the Grand
Army of the Republic, at st. Paul, the
following officers were elected:
Comrade L. W. Collins nominated Com
rade D. B. Searle for department COM
mander, and he was elected by unani-
nous vote. Comrade Ell Torrance placed
Comrade Gideon S. Ives in nominati ton for
senior vice commander and he, too, was
unanimously elected.
For junior vice commander, Comrade
William H. Harries, of Caledonia, c. Dit
more, of Verndale, Charles H. Robinson,
of Wateryille, c. H. Hopkins, of Glen
Vile. Comrade Hopkins withdrew in IA
vor of Comrade Harries, as did Comrades
Ditmore and Robinson.
Immediately following the election of
these officers the encampment in a body
adjourned to the hall of the house Of rep
resentatives, at the state capitol to pre-
sent petition for the reinstatement of
the $4,000 annual appropriation.
Helen M. Irish, of st. Paul, was elected
department president of the Ladies of the
G. A. r. For the first time since the or
ganization of the order, some eight years
ago, st. Paul woman was chosen to fill
the presidents chair. '',%
Willmar tribune., 1899-03-08
Z q Her SO ! q Il Hu.. Z. q ban ) - ~ =,

Rock kford, III, Z. 2 IL irs Henry
Carte while insane struck he IS hlsz
band VIII was siclk the
with - hatiron,z il hicting il jjuries from
1ich lie dice.
Willmar tribune., 1899-03-08
III De,I.c1iine

proyid ence 4, Il arch Rev.
s.James Monroe q presid lent of Vas
ellege, has eelliilnne i the lpreside dency
ssof Brown lniiysersi ecent cred
3
Willmar tribune., 1899-03-08
CHARGED with MURDER. /. 1. L

lew York, Feb. 22s Roland B. Mo
! ilineux was placed III the II Tombst yester-
day, accused Of sending to q. S. Cornish
the poison that killed Mrs. Katherine
~ Adamsson December rs.