davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23
WESTEIELD

John Wooley is spending few days at Is
land Pond.
Bertha Durham of Barton Landing is a
guest of Miss Ida Brown.
The Misses Harding of Lynn, Mass, are
visiting their uncle, Dwight Harding.
Rev. ]. Fl. Wallace is to supply at the M.
E. church for the remainder OF the year.
Max NJ. Miller of Brown University is spend
ing few days at his fathers Fl. q. Miller's.
Miss Theo Hendrix is spending few days
at Newport Center with her sister, Mrs.
Sprague jenkins.
There was a large attendance from this
town to the Fair at Newport last week, and
all report fine time.
Ernest Lawrence of Montpelier, is visiting
his grandmother, Mrs. r. A, Lawrence, and
other relatives in town.
Maude Wakefield and Ola johnson have
gone to Derby Academy, also Walter Wright
has returned to the same school for another
year.
There will be social at FL. o. Miller's, Civ.
en- by the Z. E. society, Friday evening, Aug
25. All are cordially invited to attend, as q
pleasant time is assured.
Ada Brown is to teach in the primary de-
partment at Coventry this fall and Heller
Wakefield has the same grade at North Troy
and Winnie Farman is to teach in Ascutney
vile.
Mrs. Florence Ostrout, wife of Ed Lucas o.
North Troy died at the home OF her parents
| after brief illness Thursday afternoon o
last week. She had come home for few
weeks stay with her parents, and was takeI
| suddenly il! and lived but few days. Tn
funeral took place the Friday following,
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23
EAST CAMBRIDGE.

N. j. Nye spent Monday in Milton.
Hot and dry is the exclamation nowadays.
CAas. Prince is at work for Fred Prinde in
Johnson.
M. D. Prince spent a few days in Walden
last week.
Harmon Morse visited friends in johnson
last week.
Mrs. J. W. Green is visiting friends in New
Hampshire.
A few from here went to Morrisville to camp.
meeting last Sunday.
Mrs Josliu Of Milton spent Saturday and
Sunday at N. J. Nye's.
james Tinker and family visited friends in
Bevidere last Saturday.
Geo. Tinker of Morristown is stopping a
few days with his son James.
Daniel Prince has been visiting friends in
Stove and Morrisvle for few days.
Mrs. Powers and daughter of Johnson, Wis
tied her brother, Geo. Atwel last week
Mrs. Martha Marston and son of Morris
town is visiting her sister, Mrs James Tinker.
Mr.. and Mira, Tracy of Watervile were at
f. Il. Putnam's Sunday, visiting Miss Cross.
Mrs. N. J. Nye and children are visiting
friends in Milton. Mrs. Carrie Waters OF
johnson is keeping house for her.
Prof. A. d. Morse and son William OF Am.
herst, Mass have been visiting Harmon
Morse. DR.. II W. Morse and wife OF Bati.
more, Md. xnaeted soon.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23
CAM BRIDGE.

W. D. Macy returned from the West, last
Friday.
Fl. N. Gray and family are expected home
Wednesday.
Myron Cady spent Sunday with his brother.
Halsey, in Windsor.
Miss Anna Morse who has been West since
July 1, returned home August 16.
DIR. Newton has gang of men working on
his house and barn bought of Mr.. Lang.
E. j. Gallup went to Morrisville to camp
meeting last Saturday night, and returned
Monday.
Mabel Ford who has been visiting Helen
Holmes returned to her home in st. Adams
Tuesday,
B. r. Holmes, S. NJ. Stafford and Jessie Gil
more went to the Farmers Meeting in Nor
risyille Tuesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. E. G. Wells are rejoicing over
the birth of a new proprietor at the American
House. All doing well.
Clarence Corse is making extensive repairs
on his house, putting on an additional story
and putting on new roof and new ell.
Mrs. L. H. Fairchild, Mrs. E. R. Smith and
Mrs. s. M. Stafford went to Morrisville last
week to visit friends returning Saturday
night.
Kate Chayer of Burlington has been visit
ing her mother the past two weeks. She re-
turned Monday night accompanied by her
mother.
There was quite company went to D. D.
WitherelPs after evening meeting, to see five
blossoms on her night blooming cereus. 1t
was a sight well worth going to see.
The two Sunday Schools with the Sunday
School at North Cambridge are to have a
basket picnic in S. Nj. Safford's sugar woads
next Friday if the weather is suitable
| Mrs. i. r. Smith started for her home in
Wisconsin Monday night, her sister Mrs. II.
| Hopkins going with her to Burlington Mrs.
| David Stafford goes with Mrs. $. to visit her
sister Flora at Menasha Wis.
CambridgeGo rnet Band went to Burling
ton to play for the moonlight excursion on
the lake last Friday night. A large company
went from here beside the band and it wal
one of the finest trips yet taken.
President Oscar Atwood of Straight Uni
versity of New Orleans, will speak at tn,
Congregational church next Sunday morning
and Prof 9. ). Cornell of Holyoke, Nj ass
will give a sacred concert in the evening. Ev
erybody invited.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23
WOLCOTT.

Wilbur, son 0fgsary Austin is seriously
i'll.
win Richardson has new Hawthorne
bicycle. o.
Jennie Scribuer was at Caspian Lake over
Sunday.
Ned Guyer of Montpelier is visiting rela-
tives here.
Rev. Geo. c. Junkins returned from Maine
last Friday.
Miss Collie Foster returned to Burlington
on Monday.
f. NJ. Jordan is clerking for W. W. Mar
shall of Hardwick.
Mr.. Benson Van Vleet of Burlington is a
guest at A. A. Writings,
T. Arbuckle and wife spent Friday of last
week with friends in Morrisville.
B. L. aud Bertha Jennings are spending
the week at Barre and Montpelier.
Z. A. Marshall of Chicago was the guest OF
Rev. Mr.. Junkins, the first of this week,
c. E. Haskell has added a fine line Of
cook stoves to the large stock which he al
ready carries.
Miss L. Chamberlain the recent guest oil
Mrs H. L. Stevens returned to her home ID
| Neponset, Mass. last Friday.
A large delegation of friends of Mr.: and
| Mrs. l.. A. TillotsOn called on them on tues
day to welcome them back to town.
The Misses Sherwood who have been visit
ing at DR.. A. j. Valleau's returned on Tues
day to their home in Napanee, Ontario
Miss NJ. j. Yalieau accompanying them
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23
.IEFFER SONyILLE,

Miss Pearl Morse has been visiting in Mont,
pelier.
Miss Lottie Melendy has returned from
Burlington.
Charles fuckers mother from Wisconsin is
visiting him.
The lawn party last Thursday evening was
largely attended
A party from Fairfax visited Mt Mans
field last Thursday.
Alliston Wetherbee and wife OF Burlington
were in town recently.
Prof. and Mrs C. S. Cornell have been visit
ing friends in Canada
Mrs. F. E. Smith has returned from her
visit in New Hampshire.
Quite a number from this place enjoyed the
moonlight excursion last Friday Evening.
Mrs. R. B. Thomas entertained her Sunday
school class at her home last Monday even
ing.
Samuel Dickinson from Massachusetts is at
his fathers, r. A. Dickenson's, for few days
vacation.
The Crescendo Club meet this week Friday
evening at Mrs. Lottie Pages. 1t will be
gentlemen's night.
Rev. DR.. futile of Newark N. j., occupied
the pulpit at this place last Sunday, giving a
very interesting and instructive sermon.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23
EDEN.

Miss Mildred Peck is visiting in town.
Mrs. Peterie is in town, the guest of her sis
ter.
Mr.. Mcdowell is enjoying a visit from her
son.
Mrs. C. w. Blake will have charge of the
Y. P. s. c. E. services next Sunday evening.
Guy Rogers was in town Friday and Miss
Jesse Rogers returned home from Hyde Park
the same day.
MIR. Adonis and wife from Mimi, Mrs. Ly.
man from UnderhilI, Mr.. Wilbur and wife and
Merton Shattuck and wife are guests at Mar
tin Shattucks.
Eddie Shattuck, John Adonis and Alton
O'Brien went to Worcester, Mass, on their
bicycles recently. Eddie returned last Thurs
day well pleased with the trip.
Thursday the Sunday-schoo and its friends
from Lowell nearly 200 in number spent the
| day at Point Lookout. One hundred and
seventeen rode in the steam yacht. They
we're pleasant company and we hope they
| will come again
The gala day" as advertised was as lovely
| a day as could have been desired. About BOO
responded to the invitation. The grounds
are ample, the buildings convenient, the LAKE
| all that could be asked, the boating facilities
all right; the band played fine and every ont
seemed to enjoy themselves.
There will be picnic Wednesday afternoon
August 80, at the corners, under t he manage
ment of the Ladies Aid Society. 1t is 2i
wears since this society was organized and i
is hoped to make this an interesting meeting
Literary and musical program is being pro
| posed All are invited to come and help t
encourage the society with your presence ant
| presents.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23
EDEN MILLS.

W. L. Benefits mother and other friends
from Stowe visited him last week.
j. J. Davis and family have gore to Bar
ton, where he has employment.
Miss Lola Robbins of Creftsbury spent
few days in town the past week, the guest OF
Miss Zllda Emery.
Posters are soon to be out announcing the
drama entitled Under the Laurels" one OF
T. S. Denison's most popular plays. 1t will
be presented by the Eden Dramatic Club. ".
L. Bennett, manager of the club has secured
the assistance of some of the best characters
in Lowell and Eden and will endeavor to
please the public As the cast of characters
is strong every part being good. For further
particulars read posters for cast of characters
and description of play.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23
STOWE,

VIM. P. Bailey left last Saturday for Da-
kota.
Mrs C. &. Mcmahon and son, spent Friday
in Barre.
Melvin Marshall reports the birth of
Supt T. E. Smith was in Burlington last
Thursday.
Felix Wells has been visiting his parents,
a few days.
Harry Burnham was in Barre and Mont
peer Friday.
Alice Kaiser OF Craftsbury is visiting rela-
tives in town.
Leo Straw was at home from Bakersfield
over Sunday.
Mr. Blood of Pottsdam, N Y, is the guest
of M. W. Owen.
Mrs Euniee Potter of New Yorkis visiting
relatives in town.
Susie Downer of Boston is visiting her par
ents on the Branch.
Mrs L. w Buzzell visited in Richmond and
Burlington last week.
F, A. Pike and son of Burlington, visited
Henry Laeha, last week.
Harold Mcmahon is spending the week in
Burlington and vicinity.
John s. Smith of New York City has been
NlsltluS IbldulfeS III UO"n'
Kmber Thomas of Rochester was the guest
of his parents over Sunday.
Ernest Scribner was at home from Burling-
ton Saturday and Sunday.
Miss Katherine Kinsley of Burlington is
caring for Mrs. FL. Z. Jenney.
George Moody of Burlington was guest
at A. Il, Slayton's over Sunday.
C. L. Mcmahon and 0. E. Luce have pur-
chased the Fuller place at Moscow.
Stowe Cornet Band gave an open air con-
cert at the Palisades Monday evening.
w J. Bigelow and family, of Burlington,
are spending vacation on the branch.
Mr.. and Mrs. Henry Jenney are being con-
graduated upon the recent birth off son.
Miss Alice Miner of Cady's Falls has been
engaged to teach the North Hollow school.
Misses Bertha Barrows and Susie Bigelow
spent a portion of last week in Burlington.
0. E. Luce, J. j. Veareu and G. Fl. San
born took in the races at Barre last week.
The Forks scboolhouse has just been thor
ourhly repaired and fitted out with new
desks.
Joe Noble of Hyde Park has been canvass.
ing Stowe in the interest of the NEWS AMI
CITIZEN.
MIS- Pierce of Lyndonville and Mrs. Nut
ting of WOodsville, N. I'll have been visiting
at Rev. G. e. Burnham's.
Mr.. and Mrs. F. E. Stafford, Mrs. j. L
Stafford and Miss Bertha Williamson we're al
Queen City Park over Sunday.
c. f. Eddy of Waits6eld was in town Mon,
day ard settled with his patrons for July
milk, paying 6 1-2 cts for butter.
Rev O. l.. Barnard and his brothern law
from Worcester, Mass, will enjoy few days
| Raw fb,o
Mrs. Jennie Wade, who has been enjoying
a months vacation in town, returned to bel
employment IN Burlington Saturday.
L. P. Lovejoy spent last week at Barr,
and Montpelier, Max Haselton assisting a
Green Mountain Inn during his absence.
The concert given by DR.. Baldwin and Mis-
Webster at Unity church last Wednesda!
evening, was well attended and pronounced
a fine entertainment.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23
LOW ELL.

Ray Powers was in Irasburgh last week a
few days.
Benz Aral and wife are visiting in Burke
this week.
son was born to Mr.. and Mrs. VIM. Kel.
ley recently.
Mrs Chester Hines is entertaining her son
from New Hampshire.
Quite number from this place attended
campmeeting last week.
Mr.. and Mrs. f. C. Kimball was in town
last week calling on friends.
Mrs. Myrtle Wetherby of New York is Wis.
iting her mother Mrs. Leafy Powers.
Mrs. Antentie Temple after long illness,
died Friday. The funeral took place Monday.
VIM Temple and other friends of Bakers
field, we're called here Monday to attend the
funeral of Mrs. Temple.
Lena Warner is at home from Putnam,
Conn, where she has been at work about a
year, visiting her mother Mrs. Mary Warner
and other friends.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23
CADYS FALLS.

Andrew Calkins, who has been very sick, is
gaining fast.
Carl Camp and Herbert Whitcomb of Barre
have been visiting at Erwin Lilley's.
Mrs. Mum and daughter, Mrs. Hopkins, OF
Waterbury, visited at Fred BOWS Tuesday.
Weld Terrill, who has been at home for a
vacation has returned to his work in Spring
field, Mass.
A large number of friends and relatives
we're at Will Tiiotson's over Sunday, taking
in the campmeeting
Ben billiard and wife and three children OF
Somerville, Mass, and Rev. Mr.. Hiiliard of
Hardwick are guests of their brother, Amos
billiard. Their father from Evansville is
also here for a visit
Mrs. G. B. Terrill, who for The past two
weeks has been visiting friends in Platts-
burgh, N. Y, and Lacolle, Que, returned
Monday, accompanied by Miss Edith Van
Vliet of the latter place.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23
MORRISTOWN.

Mrs. Geo. Smith and son Chas are in Bur-
lington.
Miss Lula Douglas returned last week from
Old Orchard, Me.
Miss Elite Goodale spent few days at Al
bert Douglas last week.
Ward Collin started Monday for Stowe
where he commences work.
G. W. Douglas returned to his home in
Lawrencevie, N. Y, Friday.
H. E. George from North Hyde Park has
moved to the Mrs. wilkins house.
Daniel Prince OF johnson was guest Of
Mrs Carrie Adams the first of the week.
Clarence Thomas and wife returned from q
short vacation the last of last week, Charles
Martin and wife taking charge of affairs dur
ing their absence.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23
CRAFTSBURY,

Dan Cookson is at work at Collingsyille.
A little daughter of VIM. Bailey is sick
with scrofula.
Several from town attended campmeeting
at Morrisville.
TT. Newton of Albany was in town last
week looking after his farm.
Rumor has it that George Sawyer is soon
to move TO his fathers place.
Ida Cheney and son, of Morristown visit
ed friends in town the past week.
Mrs. VIM. Buell. has been having a hard
time for a few weeks with sprained knee
VIM. C. Bailey comes to the head this fall
in raising pigs. He has twenty-nine nice
ones.
We are glad to report that Mrs. Charles
Chamberlain's health is better than it haf
been before for years.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23
WATERVILLE.

Miss Smith of Canada is visiting Will West
over.
A. L. Laraway was in Boston on business
last week.
Mrs. Will Westover is visiting her parents
in Westfed.
Miss Ida Mcdonald has returned to her
home at Manchester; N. ID.
Mr.. and Mrs W. E. Hammond returned to
their home in Boston on Friday.
Martin Wiley and daughter Rose of Wat
erbury visited in town this week.
The band went to Eden to play for picnic
on Friday and report having most excel
lent time,
Mrs. Frank StearDs and Clarence of East
johnson visited Mr.. and Mrs. F. N. Stearns
last week.
A good many from this place attended the
cam pmeetng at Morrisville last week and
over Sunday.
Mrs. George Manuel and children of Rich
ford are visiting her parents, Mr. and Mrs.
Heman Miller.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23
JOHNSON.

Mrs Salena Atwell is at R. z. Powers.
The Normal will open Tuesday Aug. Doth
Several enjoyed trip to Eden Pond Mon.
day.
W. ]. Morse of Waterbury was in town
Sunday.
1. L. Pearl went to Portland Monday on
business.
Frank Thomas is breaking on the Rutland
Railroad.
Earl Holmes. who has been very i'll, is able
to be out.
Miss Ethelyn Rockwell of Alburg has been
at W. A. Landon's.
Mrs. George Partlow of Essex Junction is
at George Livermore's,
The funeral Of Oliver Ferry was held Sun
day at g. B. Writings.
Messrs Lawrence and Butterfed of Bellows
Falls are at T. j. Bakers.
E. P. Carpenter and wife of st. Johnsbury
are visiting at Mrs, Perry's
Rev, E. G. French and Rev. c. Il. Merrill o,
St. Johnsbury exchanged pulpits Sunday.
Misses Clara Powers and Georgia Scott of
Bakersfield spent Sunday with Belle Baker.
Jennie Drisco of Meredith, N. H., is at
home caring for her mother, who has been
very ill.
Will Tracy, who has been at Northampton,
Mass, is spending his vacation here at his
fathers VIM. Tracy's.
PA. Parren will deliver temperance lee
ture in the school-house in district No, IT in
johnson on the evening of Saturday, Aug,
26.
The last meeting of johnson Grange was
very interesting and well attended. The
question discussed was "What should be the
farmers chief aim in life?" Ceres and Flora
are to have charge of the next meeting, which
occurs September 5 at Eden Pond. Changers
please take notice of this change and plan
and take day off TO attend this picnic. You
will be well repaid.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23
CENTERVlLLE.

Elbridge Collins is homo from Massachu
sets on short vacation.
Adolphus Collins came up from Barre Sat
urday he returned to-day.
The Campbell and Collins families held &
picnic at Eden Pond Monday.
Murray Calkins has returned from bust
ness trip to st. Johnsbury and Barre.
Harvey Hyde, who has been spending q
week here, returned to Barton Monday.
Mr.. Howard and family from Milford
Mass, are visiting friends in this vicinity.
Herman Campbell, Herbert Whitcomb, Ho
mer Calkns and Carl Camp came up from
Barre Sunday, returning Tuesday.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23
BELVIDERE.

Mrs Sally Allen is on the sick list.
G. B. Thomas is in quite poor health.
Merrill Davis is finishing the outside of his
house.
J.H Fletcher was in Hyde Park last week
on business.
Clayton Pattee and family was in town
over Sunday.
Mrs. Abigail Miller and Mrs. John Codding
visited at Moses Shattucks last week.
There was dance at Homer Holmes last
Friday night and one at c. D. Fletcher's Sat.
urday night.
Mrs. L. E. Thomas, who is at the Mary
Fletcher Hospital for treatment, is reported
as doing WE'LL Her daughter Mabel visited
her last week.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23

Almou CroweIl spent Saturday and Sunday
with his son in Elmore.
Miss Lillian Stygles spent few days with
friends in Pleasant Valley last week.
Charles Jones aud daughter from Wolcott
visited at Frank Whitcomb's recently.
Fred Crowell and family have returned from
West Enosburgh, where they were called by
the illness of their grandmother, Barney
Currier and wife have spent several days Wis.,
iting friends in Waterbury and Montpelier,
Middlesex and Barre returned home Monday.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23

Rev J. NJ. Yinpling, pastor of the Bedford
Street Methodist church at Cumberland, Md
says:-"It affords me much pleasure to rec,
ommend Cham berlain's Cole, Cholera and
Diarrhoea Remedy. | have used it and know
Others who have so. | have never known il
to tail. 1t is a sure cure when taken in time. :
For sale by Hall & Cheney, Norrisvile DR.. 7
p. HubbeIl, Wolcott; G. p. Jones, Johnson
/ 1 Veareu Stowe
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23
McKinstrY Hill.

Park Hurlbuts youngest child is very sick
Ed Graves and wife of JOHNSON we're in
town Sunday.
George Stewart and daughter Gem we're at
Cady's Falls Monday.
There will be no more meetings at the
school house until after campmeeting.
Aired Jones has sold his farm to bis son
Arthur and purchased a farm in Woleott.
Will Emerson and family of Elmore were
guests of MIR. and Mrs. Alva Jones over Sun.
day.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23

The soothing and healing properties o
Chamberlain's Cough Remedy, its pleasant
taste and prompt and permanent cures, have
everywhere. For sale by Hall & Cheney,
Morrisville; DR.. T p. Hubbell, Wolcott; @ p.
Jones, Johnson; j. j. Yeareu, Stowe.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1899-08-23
NO. WOLCOTT,

Bessie Martin is to work for Mrs N L. Bald.
win.
0. F. Crowell was in this place last Thurs.
day.
Miss Bertha Smith goes back to Burlington
this week.
A. r. Woodmansee's father visited at his
home recently.
Mrs. Lucy Rollins and her daughter Pearl
are guests at A. Il. Woodmansee's
Several from this place took In the camp.
meeting held at Morrisvle the past week
Scrofula, salt rheum, erysipelas and other
Distressing eruptive diseases yield quickly
andNpermaue7tly to the cleansing purifying
powAr Of Bn 2ek Blood Bitters.
Gilpin observer., 1899-12-07

since my annual message and in obe-
dience to acts OF the Congress OF April
22 and 20. 1898. the remaining forces en-
"a, ,S3i regulars and ll0.202 volunteers, with
over 5000 volunteer officers, have been dis
charged from the army. or the vol
serving In the Philippines and 1000 Of the
regulars who were entitled to be mus
tered out after the ratification Of the
mained at the. front until their places
could be nlled by new troops. They were
returned home In the order in which they
went to Manila. and are now all Of .hem
out of the service and In the ranks of
citizenship. ! recommend that the Con-
gress provide special medal OF honor
marines on duty In the Philippines who
voluntarily remained In the service after
by virtue of the authority conferred
the regular army has been Increased to
the number of 1889 enlisted men and
enlisted men and l.2ji officers. Two Of
these regiments nrc made up Of colorcd
men with colorcd line officers. The now
troops to take the places OF those re-
turning from the Philippines have been
transported to Manila 10 the number OF
regular army and 5ei officers and 153
enlist ed men OF the new volunteer force
while b0i officers and 1i,lip men OF tho
volunteer force are on the ocean en- route
"The force now In Manila consists of
965 officers and 30,t t7s regulars and 50i ofii-
an aggregate OF 1i99 officers ana A. 9G6
men. When the troops now under orders
have reached Manila the force, ln,, the
archipelago VIII comprise 2Obl officers
and G3is3 men. The muster out OF the
great volunteer army organized for the
Spanish war and the creation q a new
San Francisco OF those entitled to dis
charge. and the transportation OF the new