The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-04-30

nations OF the Continent. wearied with r..
liRious strife. lost sight for a time Of tho
spiritual brotherhood OF man. a conception
which had gained fresh strength before thu
foundation OF British territorial sway In India
Jan Pieterszoon Coen, tho chief founder OF tina
Dutch colonial system. became Governor.Gen.
eral in 1913. He has left in his own words a
detailed description OF the fabric which he de.
signed. He realized that the sea power OF Hol.
land In the Spice Archipelago must rest on a
territorial basis. with a territorial reve.
nue.. Albuquerque had discerned thu
same need a century before, but Coen
deliberately wrought out what Alhu-
querque had perceived, and. unlike his Por-
tuguese predecessor. was backed by q ma
ticn which Loyalty supported its great servants
in tho East. Coen cherished no illusions as ~
how such q territorial sea empire was to Ia
acquired and maintained. 1t was easy. rs hs
recognized. to bring the scattered island.
under subsection the problem was to peoplo
them with workers. The idea of settling
Dutchmen and Dutch women there In sufficient
numbers he perceived to be impracticable. He
anticipated the conclusion at which other Euro
pean nations have arrived after long and cruel
experience. that agricultural emiarants from
the temperate zones perish in the tropics.
The native heather we're to Coen merely .
cheap-labor force. The "ingathering Of a
multitude Of people from all parts to people
our country withal' was his first object. and ~
far more consequence. he declared. than the
buying Of cloths and goods. This object he
proposed to accomplish by three distinct meth.
ods-the enslavement OF conquered islands.
the purchase Of slaves from the African and
Asiatic continents and the seizure OF slaves on
their coasts. The first method only requires
the comment that IL went much further than
the subsection Of native races enforced by the
Portuguese. AS regards the second. orders for
the buying OF slaves had been given In 1914:
Coen resolved to carry them out Oh a large
scale. divers fleets" we're now to be sent to
the Coromandel coasts. to Madagascar and the
African seaboards. to purchase as many mals
and female slaves, especially young people. as
could be got. This buying OF slaves was to 60
forward before any other work. to the extent
Of =" many thousands. yea. to an infinite num-
ber.' The third method. by seizure. was to be
conducted by a squadron on the Chinese coast.
The shore jewellers. especially the women and
children. we're TO be carried away for the reo-
ping OF Batavia. Amboyna. and Banda. Here's
In will be a great service done for the company.
and by this means will be found all the charge
Of the war" The Chinese male slaves might
be redeemed for $3.50 apiece: but. by no
means. you must not suffer any women to re-
turn to China. or any other part out Of the
company's Jurisdiction. but. with them, to
people the same As the Dutch supremacy
firmly established itself. a fourth system 81
recruitment was added by treaty provisions for
a tribute in full-Rrown slaves.
The Dutch industrial system in the East.
thus founded on the most rigorous forms ~
slavery. WIS eventually softeued to successive
stages of forced labor. II produced. for a
time. enormous profits. !. tropical soil was
made to yield as it had never yielded before.
and its fruits were monopolized by Holland.
As respects European rivals. the restrictions
which the Anglo Dutch treaty still imposed on
Coen in January. 1923. we're removed by the
tragedy Of Amboyna in the next month and by
the withdrawal OF the English factories from
petition. the islanders were COMPELLED To- root
up their Glove and nutmeg trees wherever they
produce of the most fertile regions in the
world. cultivated on the seyerest system a.
human toll. was secured to the Dutch, and to
the colonial empire Of Holland on the sure
hasi s. Of the soil. he strengthened 1t by all the
devices Of a skilfnl administration. by a lucra-
continents. by a great sea commerce. with Eu:
rope. and by a well-planned system Of tolls and
local "a xation; The SPACIOUS and rich insular
cured by fortresses. built and maintained by
the cheap labor of, prisoners and slaves.
Of c?f fnro Isanaf race cut in Ara i+G% Of R Sis day: a all sta %sn
man ofthe clearest vision and an administra-
tor Of the iirmest hand. half way between the
fury and the French Duplex or English. War
rem Hastings in the eighteenth. He could not
rise, however. above the morals OF his times. and
of office impressed the stamp OF a cruel age on
the colonial system Of his country. His crime.
or his misfortune. was that he stereotyned in
ing which had brutalized Europe during the
Thirty Years War.