davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Rev. Edwards, pastor of the Eng.
Iish Baptist Church at Minersville,
Pa, when suffering with rheuma-
tism, was advised to try Chamber
lain's Pain Balm. He Gays: "A few
applications of this liniment
proved of great service to me. II
subdued inflammation and relieved
the pain. Should any sufferer profit
by giving Pain Balm trial Il will
please me-" For sale by Cooper
Drug Co.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25
llst ofLstssrs


Remaining In the postoffice at
Baxter Springs, Kansas. for the
W. ek Liding with March ", 1899.
which II not called for within two
weeks " IL be sent to the dead
letter Office at Washington, d. c.:
Abernathy, Frank
Baker, John
Grubb, Oscar
Hutchinson Giles
Jackson, Elmer
Martin, james A
McGenity, ] E
Simmons, 8 B
Alfred, Abbie
Hominy, Mrs Cyrus
Morris, Mrs A c
Miller, Mise Minnie
Persons calling for any of the
above letters will please say" "Adver
tised," giving date of list
J.C. HAsKKrT, p. n.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25
DEWEY DAY.

Several Kansas towns are going
to celebrate Dewey day May Let, the
anniversary of Admiral Dewey's
victory over Montejo's fleet in Ma.
niia bay. What's the reason Bax-
ter can't have a Dewey dayr
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25
COOPER'S
are receiving lots of
New Spring Goods
every day.
Our selections are the choicest. Be-
low we quote few special prices:
UMBRELLAS ANY
We have all the new thing -eA,,
We have all the good th.l l~cus
We have anything you cey


We have them at prices you never heard of before.
Starting at 10c each aud running up to S.
Children's fancy 12-inch for 10
Childrens fancy l4-inch, EXTRA for. Is
Childrens fancy satteen, 12-inch for. so
Childrens black 22nch, for. 40
Ladies 26-inch, cotton .49
Ladies 26-inch cotton cover rs
Ladies 26-inch, good silk cover.
Ladies 26-inch, extra value silk .150
Extra fancy things in fine black silk covers, new i'm
ported handles at 2O0 2.50 800 and $50.
An extra fancy changeabe TaHeta silk steel frames
26nch, S149.
Better Tafeta at -.
Some of the best made at $50, $50 400 and 500.
Fancy white silk 26nch, only NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.. .99
Fancy white silk and chiffon, only .15O
Fancy white silk and chiffon, only ESQ
Fancy white silk and chiffon, extra values 300
MEMS UMBRELLAS.
Heavy 28-inch, steel frame OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. so
Heavy % or 30-nch, steel frame LOO
Heavy % 30nch, steel frame e................125
An extra 2Sinch steel frame .1.50
Tourists, steel frame
All Umbrellas and Parasols at 75c steel or
brass rods and paragon frames
Our Shoe stock is complete and prices low any
body ON earth make for the same quality.
Yours respectfully,
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Rev. N. V. B Bennett, well know in
Baxter Springs, will give the ad-
drees of the evening q; tn. Union
Go, p i Temperance Meeting at N.
Z. church Sunday evening at 8
o'clock under the auspices of the
Christian Endeavor and Epworth
League Society.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Pneumonla F0llOws q OEiVpe,
but pneumonia cannot follow the
use Of Foiey's Honey and Tar.
Pneumonia 10 striking down hund-
reds of those who thought they
were cured of Ia grippe. Foley's
Honey and Tar, taken during or
after la grippe, 10 guaranteed 70 pre-
vent pneumonia. A. r. Kama
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

DR.. sawyer's Little Wide Awake Pills
givs purity Of blood and vigOr Of thought
b. perfectly regulating tbs bowels ard
cars biiiousnsss. inactive liver and con
ssipstion. w. 3. Pries drug Store
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25
ANNOUNcRMENT.

o. N. Baldwin announces himself
as candidate for the Office of as
SCISSOR for the city of Baxter
Springs, Kansas, subject to the will
of the voters at the city election.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25
THE CAUCUS.
Baldwin's Opera House Crowded to
Standing Room by Inter-
ested Taxpayers.

Standing Room by Inter.
ested Taxpayers.
Over 200 citizens and taxpayers
met at Baldwin's opera house on
Monday evening of this week for
the purpose of nominating a city
ticket. The meeting was called TO
order by Chas. W. Daniels, who
nominated A. G. Hanback, for chair
man. Mr.. Hanback, stated the OBJ
ject of the meeting. after which Ira
c. Perkins was made secretary and
Don Fenton and Chas. L. Smith
teljers.
For mayor c. r. Gould and L. d.
Brewster were placed in nomiua-
tion. The ballot was
Brewster ................... ..'oo
For marshal w. NJ. Gill and John
Jones were placed in nomination,
the ballot being
Gill .............''..' ioo
For city attorney, C. W. Daniels
was nominated by reclamation.
Mr.. Daniels pledged the peole that
" elected he would endeaver to pre-
vent expensive litigation. He said
we have had enough of that. He
said he is heavy property owner
and taxpayer, and that he doesn't
want any more weight added TO
our burdens.
For assessor Scott o. Noble and
Morris Doty were placed in nomiu-
alton and the ballot resulted
NOOle' e'.-........... ........'..''...' '4'
Nominations for city clerk were
called for and F. W. Felt, C. A. VIII
lis and J. T. Ryon were placed be-
fore the meeting. Felt was the
high man, the ballot being
Willis INSTRUMENTATION. III
kyOn ................ H.
There were two candidater for the
office of street commissioner, r. ].
Hiner and Joe Darnell. The ballot
was
Darnell NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.. luz
Hiuer. ~
A. r. Kane was nominated for
city treasurer by reclamation.
For treasurer of the board of ed
ucatiou two candidates were placed
in nomination, Mrs. S. A. Crowell
and Mrs. L. A. Paul. The ballot wac
Paul ................. .............. ....o'
I'M. English was nominated for
police judge by acclamation.
For justices of the peace two to
be elected) Hayden Smith and T. C.
Weaver were nominated by nc.
clamation.
John Jones and Frank Hemstreei
were nominated for constables two
to he elected) by acclamation.
The house was then divided and
each ward made selections for
councilman and member of board
of education.
The first ward chose F. r. Nc
Gregor for councilman aud Mrs
VIM. March for member of school
board.
The second ward chose c. r.
Gould for councilman and A. d. C.
Harvey for member of school
board.
The meeting was a very harmoni-
GUS one, no bad feeling being en-
gendered and on the whole the
caucus was quite success.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25
ANN0IINcRMRNT.

I hereby snnounce myself as q
candidate for reelection TO the Of
fice of treasurer of the Board of 3D.
ucation, subject to the will of the
votera. Mrs.. 8. A. CRowKLI.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25
ANNOUNCEMENT.

I hereby announce myself as a
candidate for treasurer of the board
of education, subject to the will of
the voters at the polls
MRa. I. A. PAUL.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

LADIES. H. T. Leeman of Galena,
Kansas, will sell you the latest pat.
terms in dress shoes from So, so 10
So and every pair warranted. If
you see them you will buy them.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Cooling and grateful In its sGscta you
viii fini DR.. Sawyer's Arnica and Witch
7 ,rel Salve for eczema. piles. hives. burns
3. w. z. Price drug store.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Much pain aud uneasiness 10
caused by piles. sparing neither
age or sex. Tablere Buckeye Pile
Ointment cures the most obStinate
cases. Price 0Qr In bottles, tubes
&c. Cooper Drug Co.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Not a single attorney has paid his
occupation tax. We think Il very
proper the mayor and his partner
should be exempt from THE tax,
but surely the others ought to pay.
Some of our smallest merchants
p,y $40 occupation tax, but the
lawyers are exempt, or have been
missed in the shuttle.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Daniels and Hartley sold Frank
Hartley two of the incest resident
lots in the city on the corner Of
Main and River street. He will bull ]
a dwelling house later in the sea
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

To allay pains, subdue inflamma-
tion heal foul sores aud ulcers, the
most satisfactory results are obtain.
ed by using Ballard's Snow Lint
ment. Price, 25cts. and Soc. Cooper
Drug Co.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25
FLAX oEEDI CANE oEEDI

For Saie-'z5O bushelsof flaxseed
at e5c per bushel. ALSO 80 bushels
of cane seed. Call on Ransom Plgg
four miles west and half . mile
south of Baxter.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

The results of an over Indulgence
in food or drink are promptly rec.
titled, without pain or discomfort,
by taking a few doses of Herbine.
Price SO cents. Cooper Drug Co.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Julian Eddie and Ray Ritter OF
Columbus had business in Baxter
Wednesday.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

You can be cheerful and happy
only when you are well. If you
feel out of sorts take Herbiue; IL
will brace you up. Price SOC. Cooper
Dru0 Co.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Jim Hartley has bought Mrs.
Seaman's old residence on Main
street.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

The South End Animals as
mayor Norton designated the voters
of the first ward, are all registered
this year and they will vote for
better government.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Daniels & Hartley have sold lots
in Warwick Place this week as fol.
lows: To W. A. Doty four lots; TO
Samuel Binns one lot; TO Timothy
Martin six lots.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

GENTLEMEN, II. T. Leeman of
Galena, Kansas, sells you n pretty
aud as good shoe for $3.50 as
anybody can for So, and they are
warranted. too,
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Rev. NJ. +. Bramhall will preach at
the Presbyterian church next Sun.
day morning, and will assist in the
union services at NJ. +. church in
the evening.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

We have the largest stock and
greatest variety of Garden seeds
ever offered in Cherokee county.
Our seeds are the very best and
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

J.W. Morrison of McCune, Kan
sas, looked after business interests
in Baxter this week.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25
FRIBLBY HARDWARE & IMPLBMRN
COMPANY.

When the suit of Col. Warner
against the city for furnishing elec-
trio lights was commenced Mr..
Norton said he would defend the
city for an attorney fee of not to ex-
cede $25. The records show he hae
already received $50 and the suit is
still on" The amount we are pay.
ing for attorney fees and court costs
would keep up good High School.
C. w. Daniels is q candidate for
city attorney, pledging himself to
settle all suits wherein the city 10
interested by arbitration II possible
but speedily and fairly. Mr.. Daniels
does not pretend to have an exten-
sive legal knowledge and he does
not possessa big law library, but he
thinks the city needs q chaplain
more than a lawyer and he 10 we'll
supplied with hymn books, and
fairly equipped 10 keep the city out
of expensive litigation. Ifthe voters
desire 10 keep the city In litigation
they should vote for some other
petifogger.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

A fresh line Of California canned
goods. cHnaHERE 0hocHRxcO.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Regardless of the trust
and big advances in the price
of Wallpaper. we are selling
it as low as Sc per roll. 20
Heath & Milligan mixed
paint is the best for your
house-S1.40 per gallon. O
Joplin Ozark Mixed Paint
goods-Sl per gallo
Creolite gives a hard en-
amel finish to your floors.@
Eureka Iron Ore is an ev-
erlasting paint for roofs and
barns-80c a gallon.
We have a line of cameras
and camera and kodak sup
plies. O O
Springs Sarsaparilla makes
pure blood-extra large bot
ties 81.
THE COOPER DRUG co.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

A fresh lire Of California cannsd
goods. cnnsznnn onocERx CO.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

DR.. w. L. McWilliams of Miami
was in town Wednesday and at
tended the dance Wednesday night.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

FRESH OYSTERS can now be
had at Mrs. Meyerdings in any
etyle.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

The White Mans Burden seem to
be the present city government We
will not take up the white mans
burden this year.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25
Won WHDHLL-c0MMONs.

Married. at the residence of the
brides parents, one and one-half
miles northeast of town, on Sunday,
March 10, 1899, Miss Carrie Com.
mons, daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. II.
C. Commons, to Mr.. Fred Won Wed
ell, son of Mr.. and Mrs. Walter Won
Wedeii of Lowell. The ceremony
was performed by Rev. Jeremiah
Hubbard.
The bride is charming. practic-
al and accomplished young wo.
man, while the groom is steady,
industrious young man of good
habits. Both have hosts of friends
who join with US in extending sim
cere congratulations.
After the ceremony the wedding
party and guests sat down TO a
sumptuous repast. consisting of
everything good for the inner man.
On Monday the parents of the
groom rendered the happy couple
reception at the Won Wedell home
in Lowell, where another elegant
collation. was served.
Mr.. and Mrs. Won Wedeil will live
in Lowell until they can build
dwelling on their farm which 10
about mile and a half east of Bax-
ter,
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Rev. and Mrs. Bramhall have re-
moved from Girard to their farm
Just north of town.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Willard and Mrs. Brewster have
made up. aud the School Board is
now the happy family.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Daniels & Hartley sold this week
for Edward +. Holmes an S0-acre
farm five miles west of town to
Lena Sambica.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Try the House of Lords at Joplin
for something 70 eat
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Heaton & Skidmore, attorneys at
law, Columbus, Kansas. All mat
ters entrusted to their care will be
properly looked after.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Hot chilli-the best lat all times
at Mrs. Meyerdings.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

! have a few young thorough.
bred Poland China bOars for sale
cheap for 80 days. c. E. COLLINS
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Ira Heaton and Charlie Skidmore,
two of Columbus leading attor-
neys. had business in Baxter Thurs
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

Daniels & Hartley have sold for
Edward +. Holmes an 80 acre farm
five miles. west of town 10 Olaf
Stanley
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

W. H. Bradshaw has bought Irene
Carney's farm three miles south.
east of town and this week moved
onto il.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25

We have them at prices you never heard of before.
Starting at 1Oc each aud running up to $5.
Baxter Springs news. [volume] (Baxter Springs, Kan.) 1882-1919, 1899-03-25


day evening.
Jim Hartley has bought Mrs.
Seamau's old residence on Main
street.
Julian Eddie and Ray Ritter of
Columbus had business in Baxter
Wednesday.
J.W. Morrison of McCune. Kan.
sas, looked after business interests
in Baxter this week.
Rev. and Mrs. Bramhall have re-
moved from Girard to their farm
just north of town.
Willard and Mrs. Brewster have
made up. aud the School Board is
now the happy family.
DR.. W. L. Mcwilliams of Miami
was in town Wednesday and at
tended the dance Wednesday night.
Ira Heaton and Charlie Skidmore,
two of Columbus leading attor.
neys. had business in Baxter Thurs
day.
Daniels & Hartley have sold for
Edward +. Holmes an 50 acre farm
FIVE miles. west of town TO Olaf
w. H. Bradshaw has bought Irene
farm three miles south.
east of town and this week moved
onto ii.
Daniels & Hartley sold this week
for Edward +. Holmes an SO-acre
farm five miles west of town to
Lena Sambica.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1899-01-22
THE FIRST BORN.
A NARROWING TALE.

From The Cleveland Leader.
"oh George" she cried. HInging her arms about
his neck aad sobbing upon his breast / ID 30 gao
:Wny' dear. what's the rnatterT' he asked, Are
.'No-that is. I'm only sick at hearth
He drew back and looked into her upturned tace
What he saw there made him uenD's ''o'" "eAo
The baby" he cried Where Is our darling?
oSh IT s a wet cheek against KS new vest and
gave fun vent to her pent-up feelings: .uo,
The strong young man was completely unheIreui
wild look Into his eyes; and he, he sa afH
around search OF some evidence Oh the a"iu
u WEer td he hoarseiy whispered do not keep
me in suspense. not equal to It. what has
Ills manner frightened her. In an instant she be-
Ah woman Is after ali, the stronger character
when trouble comes She NAY worry oyer s,aa
things and may weeP over tribes p SI' WON man
must lean for comfort -,..., eco, n,v aaks
Eob ne groaned. 81 have been depressed all day
I have felt since left you this morning b has
the dear little put his arms around my meek
and smiled at me- as was about d 10 e fU To GRIEF
But what is Il Tell me! cannot linger In doubt
Whose fault was t. and how did II ZAP rnplled 81
swear TO you that it could not have been helped
lie sank into Eha,T S%I emotion ns na'o " '
TT was lust before luncheon time" she went on
81 had to go down to the kfngm o door up
stairs" u.. oo onr-
81 can't | can't she answered. beginning 10
cry again 1T is too dreadful! george 90 you
know what found wien returned .
He only shook his head. He could not speak, 49,.
"The dear little fellow had crawed out OF t ths
noon into the hall. and was peeking over tne
stairs II / had been a minute later he might nave
FALLEN down. -. ..a ,,,.r =.
George Darlington looked up at her. ana arter
moments silence. demanded:
"Where Is he now? , ..
"Asleep in his crib. the dear. httle sweet; -
Then the Mustered young father went out ano ~, 10
ueycd himself by kicking a leg OF the H'chen 'Ao'e
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1899-01-22
WIEN LAURA RAN FOR OFFICE

From The Atlanta Constitution
When Laura ran for office she captured 81
votes. .,,s Z
She didn't have to pay the bills or can's
The bovs came bright and early-forsot 's'
their signs, , a.. Tvs
And they voted for her RED ups aiie '
Of her eyes.
When Laura ran for Office. the lads Oh ns S,s
Wrote on the beauteous ballots. i w"
They knew no rival candidates-the ON" :
girls -. ~, -
Twas no! for Iaurs's dimpled cheeks-n1
and her curlsl
When Laura was In office full many We vo,s
Called round to claim the kisses ior tne wv
But. like a politician sweet. she turned wv
And wrote this rosy legend there: IDS
busy day.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1899-01-22
TOABSTONFS DISARMAMENT
PRECURSOR or THE CZARs WORM ..
SCHEME

a PRECURSOR or THE CARS woRfn o,
SCHEME
From The New-Orleans Times- Democra,
This newspaper talk about the Cars di,,..
ment scheme" said Western man rysfo
Of something that happened In Tombstons n
when that place was the hottest hamIe. .. /"
whole frontier. There were two facti0ns w w n
at the time, and everybody predicted that ~
pitched battle was liable TO occur al any No ! u
The split grew out Of an old quarrel be,w ss~,
cowboys and certain self-cOnstiuted anihe1 n
and was complicated by SO many side Issns, Y,
nobody knew exactly what 1t was about An u
was perfectly clear was that two goodsized c,,
were ZigZagging about town waiting for SOM ~
to start the fracas Every member OF both o.,t
was armed 70 the teeth and AFRAID to lay ala, n
shooting irons for a moment lest he be az. Y
a disadvantage In addition to the regula,f
brace OF 45-calbre Colts. mos Of them 49,.
sa wed-off shotguns. These weapons ger, y.
popular In Arizona In the early days. and \.
ordinary breech-loaders with the barrels ampg,a
some eight inches above the locks. making
about the uglest machine mat mortal mar ~
slugs IL would kill everything IN an acre lot ern,i
the man directly behind the gun. NobodJ y
though of firing the things from the shoulder n
turned them loose at the NIP, ana the modsh v,
OF carrying them was by loop Of clothes ine
al one end TO the belt and at the other 10 nns
the breechplate Local dudes used 10 90 d.,
twiring them like monocles Well, this ar,
peace went along without any special incdes,
over half a year. greatly 10 the disgust Of sF-I
body You see each side carried so much perse
artillery and kept such sharp lookout tina, "a
of them cared to take chances on starting he nd
That was the way things stood when the "A
Denartment got ready to give its annual !
which was the great social event OF the year n
fire chief was a keen-witted freshman. and
thought the situation over and called on both =
lions Look here boys he said In subs,s,
YOU all want to come to the ball. and you u
do IL with them scatter-guns hanging to gcl d
Won happen TO kick one on Waiting you n.
massacre the whole orchestra, and they're The =,
musicians In town. So why not let all ilil
agree to unload everything until further noOs
and have A good time? I'll take care OF the hrSt
ware and give each fellow a check This hsI
esting proposition was fayorably received, 4
after considerable quibbling about details 40 arst
W1apons. There was great sigh Of relief "a
the ball was the biggest success on record \!
truth is Tombstone was sick OF war and 70 TIE al
~ NV recollection the general dlSarmamel, Il