Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1899-05-06
HOW PORTUGAL LOST TIL
PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.

We VINO sec PortuGa II the period
OF her decay and almost total eclipse,
says the Brazilian Bulletin. cannot
understand how so small nation, oc,
copying so Insignificant a portloa oi
Europe, soul, verand4," n 0oe oi
ler Ariiers mas said, snoul Gu - IN
uoftant figure IN toe worlG's history
sne did in the 6fteeutn aud sx,eeujh
centuries.
Eary 10 the eleventh century Prince
Henry, the 'navlgalor," OF P0rtugaI,
obtained from Pope Eugenius ~, d
bull, which gave to Portugal all dis
coveries between Cape Hun, in Moroc
co and India. In 1872 St. Thomas,
AGnobon and Princes Island was add
ed Wnen the equator was passed
and Fernando Po gave his name to an
s.snd in the B'ght of Befra he seized
800 leagues Q74 degrees were reckoned
as leaSue) OFT the coast Ot Africa, and
the King OF Portugal TOOK the title OF
IL fG OF Guinea"
Very early in the days of discovery
ard conquest, toward the end of the
III ee1th century, their most Catholic
sovereigus OF Spain, Ferdinand and Is
abelIa, apG his equally Catholic Males-
", J344 II, or Portugal, fell out about
tie ownership OF the land yet to be dis
covered
Ike fai.hfui children of the church
tney referred the whole matter 10 the
Haiy Father 1T Rome, Pope Alexander
VI, Soanisrd, wDo cut the Gordia9
k,o by giving mem the earth aud s-r
ting the limits Of their reSpec I've pos
=, ons. An imsgiDary lice wos TO ne
dr.. VI from peie 10 pole, 100 degrees
west OF The Azores or the Cape Fer0e
I-laaGs; Iii We; OF lois line ws5 10 be-
long 10 Spain, end all east OF it TO Por-
u-aI. kiug John was uo1 satisfied
and the tree y fine Tord loaa was
N .de in 1894, giving 10 Portugal all
lands east vi u imaginary line drawn
$50 leagues from the most western
uolnt OF tne Cape Verde Islands and all
sou h Of he Cape Of Good Hope. TO
Spain was allotted all lands west of this
line, ignoring completely all other ma
tions.
Fernando de Magalhaes, or, as we
write il, Ferdinand Magellan, and Kuy
Faleiro, both Portuguese subjects, who
had differences with their kiog on sc-
unt oil some petty pensions, offered
their services tU Spain. Both had served
Two years with AIberquerque and knew
All sn1ut the Portuguese possessions In
the East.
Magellan represented to Charles Y,
who then ruled Spain, that be Was sure
the worl was round, theory then
credited by few. He declared his aoll'
,tv 10 fnG a shorter passage to the East
than snv known to the Portuguese, and
would prove that the Moluccas, rich
sp,ce Islands, were within Spanish ter
ritory. Charles V had small feet
fitted out and sent Magellan with his
com pauisn, in charge, we'll equipped
for those days He went South against
me express slipuiations OF the treaty
and discovered the straits which bear
game. His fleet crossed the broad
southern ocean. passed the Ladrones,
and then unknown Philippines, inspect
ID the Moluccas snd returned by way
of Cape OF GOOD Hope.
Magellan lost his life, and out OF the
tiv. vessels whicn comprised his 1eet
,nlv one returned, under the command
| Of Sebastian del Cano, who brought
uageIlan's wrltlen report OF the e1pe'
ditio1 and. map Of the route, snow
ing tnat all the spice islands sno tne
whole Indian ocean were within the IoU
de,rees belonging TO Spain under the
,raafy of Tordeselhas. In the map
Magellan had deliberately cut 4o de
srees of longitude and brought tne
whole archipelago within Opaln's nail
Of he world. He concealed the TACT
thst the number of niles IN u degree OF
,onyi;ude decreases lowa'd ne pole.
P,r,ueel protested aud deciars war,
which coLtlnued wo years, when lne
celebrated "Copgress oi Nolabes" wa
neld III u small frontier tow0 TO dis
cus, the matter and discover the real
tscts. Portugal was aJ msnlfest ols.
sdvan. age. Magellan was the first ano
only man who mad sailed around the
world, aud MS map OF the southern seas
was th- only document extant; opaln
refused TO give up her alleged rights
ard Portugal held on TO the isianos,
TINS matter was hnally compromised
by an iodemoi'y OF $4,000 crnzados ol
ne god OF Moiucca, which Portugal
maid 70 Spain for the supposed l|7 oe
srees OF Spanish sea which she nela.
A pew line was drawn from pole lSs;' to
nole. starting from the Lsdrores. Ini;
division gave to Portugal all west anc
south Of the line, which was supposed
to be $50 degrees from the other ii5t me
drawn, $50 leagues wes' OF s Cape 6s ae
Verds. Inis treaty was approved oy
Pope Julian II. 10 the bull, Ea euoe pre-
bono pacls, aod the matter was settled
Years ai!erward Spanish expeai
ton discovered the Philippines, 81
named aiCsr Phillip H., who was tne,
King of Spaio. rnese islande, tnousl
many degreees witoin PortngrfS 5'ue noe
were taken possession OF oy spain tol, s
ugal protested, and would, undounteu cd
iy. have obtained possession oi 'neu
baai not been for the disaster 10 Tit
Portug-Se arms i'll Alric4, when s Snaes
Portuu.l into the hands OF CpSio