davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Globe-republican., 1899-01-19
Christmas Day.

For 400 years Dec % has been set
apart by ChristendOm as the day on
which shall be celebrated. with devO-
tional exercises and great rejoicing.
the birth of Jesus Christ. Learned
men have disagreed for centuries re-
garding the actual day. or even sea-
son, that the Savior was born. but
custom has fixed upon our Christ
mas" as the birthday
With the spread of Christianity this
greatest of all Christian holidays took
the place of more ancient festivals.
The Romans had long celebrated June
q, the longest day in the year as
midsummer festival. or ''Saturnalia."
Then the masters served the servants
and the Romans gave themselves UP
to feasting and revelry and misrule
generally - From this celebration
many of our Christmas customs took
their origin-the custom of decking
the houses with laurels and ever
green's, the custom of giving presents
and the practice Of engaging in lively
games and sports.
In the north of Europe semi bar bar
Gus peoples kindled huge bOnfires in
honor of the gods Odin and Thor. and
the Druids gathered mistletoe then a
sacred plant, particularly if found
growing on the oak. These customs
were adopted as part of the Christina
celebration.
The early Goths and Saxons ceie-
brated Dec. q, the shortest day Of the
year, as the time when the sun ceased
to look coldly upon the earth. and
the approach of spring. Then was
cut the "yule log"-for the season was
called Jul, or Yuletide In later years
the yule log was placed on the hearth
on Christmas eve and allowed to burn
till bedtime. Then it was carefully
pulled out of the Goals and placed in
the cellar for use in lighting the yuls
log of the following year. 1t was be-
lieved that the preservation of this
charred log protected the house from
fire during the subsequent year In
this custom originated the one OF pre-
pairing the Christmas yule log, so pop
ular in England.
So, when you play ''snapdragon"
and host OF other Christmas games.
or il you act with unusual license I'M
der the mistletOe, or sit around the
yule log and tell hobgOblin tales while
the corn pops and the coal cracks. you
may remember that you are doing
somewhat as did the old Romans. and
as did the barbarous nations OF the
north long before Christ was born.
The Globe-republican., 1899-01-19
Tho DairY Thermometer.

One Of the most difficult things to
control in making butter on the farm
during the hot months is the tenn
perature, says Colman's Rural World.
Few farmers have ice and many no
facilities for cooling the milk and
cream with water. The woman's in
genuity is taxed and so the solution,
too many times. is to hang the cream
pail in the well, which. in the majority
Of cases, is a tin one. and the expert
butter-makers never ripen cream in
a vessel made Of tin. But a pail of
other material Is too heavy to trust
the cream in when hanging in the we'll.
During the winter the farmers wife
can get the cream cold enough, and
she can easily warm the cream II she
knows Just how much to increase the
temperature. The one article needed
for this is a dairy thermometer. Do
not churn again without one. The cost
Is only a trifle, but the saving of worry
Is immense Before We learned its use
and value We were under constant
strain, lest we would have the butter
come a mass of white grease or wheth-
e. We would be two hours churning.
Test with the thermometer the tenn
perature Of the cream, II too cold, set
the cream Jar in a vessel Of hot water
and stir the cream occasionally to have
that in the center of the jar of the
same temperature as that next to the
sldes. II the room in which the churn-
ing is done is very warm then the
cream ought not to be too warm. II
your hardware merchant does not keep
dairy thermometers, he can easily or
der one for you. When once their
real value is known. churning will
never be done without the use of one.
Don't call this new tangled" notion.
Get one. use 1t and then report as to
its value.
The Globe-republican., 1899-01-19
Gas IN Cheese.

The Manhattan cheese factory has
been having trouble from gas and foul
odor in its cheese curd, writes D. H. o.
In Kansas Farmer. The gas would not
only push the curd out of the press,
but would leave it full of holes. These
holes are caused by the presence OF
gas, which in turn is produced by the
action of certain bacteria.
The Farm department of the Agri-
cultural College was asked to investi-
gate the trouble and if possible dis
cover its source. A small sample OF
each patrons milk was placed in a
tumbler and subjected to the Wiscon-
Sin curd test. This consists in heating
the milk up to SO degrees F.. adding
about ten drops of rennet extract 10
each sample, cutting up the curd with
a knife to leave the whey out, and
then allowing the curd to ferment from
six to twelve hours. Examination OF
these small curds revealed the fact
that two patrons were delivering milk
that contained these gas producing
germs in very considerable quantity.
Another curd contained but little gas
but had very foul odor; in fact, was
0lthy. When the milk of these pat
rons was refused the gas ceased to be
produced in the cheese.
While testing the milk for gas, an
other test was made by heating sam
pie of each patrons milk up to lis de-
grees F.. to see the character OF the
odor given off. Two samples had a
very rank smell, doubtless due to the
presence OK animal odor and from the
milk absorbing odors from filthy sur
roundings. One of these had gassy
curd in the previous test. Two other
samples had little peculiar odor that,
it was thought, might be due to the
cows eating some Objectionable plant
as Usage orange or rag-weed. botn
of the above tests show very clearly
the need of more care in handling OF
milk Animal odor can be removed
by aerating the milk soon after milk
ing, while it is still warm. and hlthy
surroundings should not be tolerated
under any circumstances.
Gas-producing germs are ratner
common, and it is sometimes difhcuit
70 say just how they obtain entrance
to the milk. Two of the most common
sources of infection are from the COWS
drinking water from stagnant ponds
or creeks, and from fermenting matter
in the stable The presence OF these
germs cannot be readily detected In
the milk. 1t often happens that they
are not noticed until the curd is ready
to 20 to press, or even after 1t is put to
press. Their presence is first observed
by the curd having an appearance as II
AZ had been finely-punctured with
min. II the fermentation goes on 1t
NAV cause the cheese to smell or
huff" and this fermentation may be
40 energetic as to caTse the cheese to
crack, due to the pressure OF the en-
closed gas. On account OF the difnculty
of detection and of the injurious effects
of these germs. it should be the duty
of every patron to inspect his premises
and remove every source of infection.
whether it be the water, the feed, or
the surroundings.
The Globe-republican., 1899-01-19
Suggestions orfoul.ry Raising.

Eighteen years ago experienced
the sensation of having my neighbors
all give me the laugh for trading a
yearling steer for six Brown Leehorn
pullets, writes Buff Jersey" in COL
mans Rural World They made so
much fun of me that when bought a
rooster to place with the pullets. I
took him from the express Office and
covered him up in the buggy so no one
could see him. So much was said OF
Buff Jerseys" trade that 1 deter
su1ned to keep track Of the years out
enc from my start In pure bred poul-
~. We Matched and raised from this
- $40 chickens: sold at produce
.lees SIS worth Of Shickens. also Is
onters for $12. and q breeding pen
g SIS besides We used . large NUM-
The Globe-republican., 1899-01-19

Inc cattle FEVER Is dill over Ills WcSC>
ern country, writes a kanas CORE
spondent of the ST. Louis Globe-Demo-
crat. It is no wonder. Where one
man made money on a wheat crop last
yeor ten farmers increased their bank
accounts with profits on cattle. Here
is Diamond valley, 100 miles and more
from Kansas City. Yet for three years
corn has brought Kansas City prices
at the farmers cribs. Cattle from the
west. southwest and northwest come
into this region in a never ending
stream. They range in age from calves
to 3-year- olds. They eat the blue stem
of the prairies in the summer and con-
sumo the corn, the millet, the cane and
the alfalfa in the winter. They come
in all kinds of conditions. Here they
are made ready for the market. It
NAV be three months or it may be three
years before the animal from the
ranges leaves the pastures and feed
lots of the farmers for the market.
But this is the half way place between
the range and the market. In that
capacity it is fulfilling present des-
tiny. At the same time it is making
more money for the farmers than any
single crop they raise.
Sale of Oleo in Pennsylvania.-Mr.
William D. Edison, q prominent butter
merchant of Philadelphia. who. by the
way, is not manufacturer of or dealer
in that twin-fraud of oleomargarine.
process butter" writes that owing to
the protection accorded the. oleo peo-
pie by the political ring Of this state
the sales Of oleomargarine has greatly
increased, and so encouraged have BE-
come the fraud butter men that they
were even inspired to secretly ask the
legislature to legalize their sales BY
passing a revenue bill, which has been
for the time being frustrated BY
prompt discovery and opposition ON
the part of dalrymen. Mr.. Edison says
that at a conservative estimate the en-
forcement of the law has been a saw
ing to the farmers east Of the ALLIE
gheny mountains of at least $1,000. 900
annually.-The Dairy World.
Watering Cows.-Cows need much
water. They should be watered twice
or three times each day if they be In
duced to drink. The average COW, while
In milk. requires about 80 pounds
nearly ten gallons-of water a day and
nearly 80 pounds when dry. OF this
she win get three gallons in her feed
and the remainder must be given heE:
More than one-third the weight o( I'D
and water consumed BY Z COW b ~
tee.-n
The Globe-republican., 1899-01-19

ber Of chickens and eggB In the nm
ily. We kept q pen Of u pullets and
. rooster that were successfully kept
for some years after. That year We
exhibited our chickens at our county
fair and carried away every premium
offered for that breed. Since that
time have bred the Brown Leghorn
in preference to any other breed.
I have found that poultry is a fine
side line to carry along with the hog
and the COW. Where 1 have been en-
gagged il dairying and our output Of
butter was delivered to customers
from wagon, it was no trouble to
take our eggs along. and they were
always eagerly sought after because
they were always found to be like our
butter-fresh.
We have for the past eight years
used the incubator to the exclusion of
the old way of Matching, and we find
1t as much of an advantage in the
poultry business as the separator is
in the dairy. Incubators. like the sep
arators, are of both good and bad
makes. One must GET the right kind
II he would succeed and get both pleas
ure and profit. The machine we use
and have used for the past seven years
will hatch a larger per cent Of eggs
than will the hens. and its running
and care do not consume more than
ten minutes each day. When chickens
come they are more easily handled, 3
greater per cent can be raised and
chicks are at all times free from YER
min. that damage young poultry so
much. Last spring we bought eggs by
the case for our machine and Matched
1S5 chickens from 200 eggs. We find
skim milk a very valuable feed for
laying hens and also young chickens.
The Globe-republican., 1899-01-19
The Law and the Hen.

The Law and the Hen.
The following appears in the Rural
New Yorker:
I'VE would like to know to what ex-
tent the laws regarding trespassing Of
live stock apply to poultry. Is it nee
essary for man to keep his poultry
fenced in order to protect his neigh
boris property? II his hens run over
the line and scratch in the neighbor's
garden, has he the same redress he
would have in case larger animal did
the mischief"
Any direct interference with the
person. land, inclose. or property of
another by person, his stock, or his
poultry, is a trespass. A single tres
pass by poultry upon a neighbours gar
den or inclose would scarcely consti-
tue trespass; yet everything in which
the law recognizes property may be
the subject of trespass, and the COM
mon and statutory law makes no ex-
ception Of poultry. Therefore, what
ever provisions of the law apply to the
trespassing of live stock, will also ap-
ply to poultry. Wherever there is
wrong there is a remedy. The action
generally called trespass isometimes
regulated by statute) may be brought
for a great variety of injuries, either
to person or property. The measure
of damages is usually the actual value
of the property destroyed double and
triple damages are allowed in some
state by statute); such damages are
intended as compensation to the
damaged party for the injury done. A
wrongdoer is responsible for the con-
sequences which flow Immediately
from his wrongful or negligent acts,
and the responsibility is not relieved
by the fact that the consequences of
the injurious act could have been pre-
vented by the care or skill Of the in
jured party. A party is not bound to
fence his inclOse in a manner to pro-
vide against foraging chickens belong
ing to another. But such injured per-
son cannot, because a wrong has been
done to his property by trespassing
fowls, commit some other wrong for
the purpose of repairing the injury or
preventing future injury, but must en-
deavor to obtain redress in a lawful
manner. r. D. F.
r. N. Yin other words, we cannot
lawfully kill the tramp hen that
scratches up our garden!
The Globe-republican., 1899-01-19
DAIRY AND POULTRY.
INTERESTING CHAPTERS FOR
OUR RURAL READERS.

- Successful farmer OpeFato This
Department Of the Farm-A Few
0aats - to the Care Of Live Stock
- Poultry.
The Globe-republican., 1899-01-19
Teaching tho Calf to Drink.


1t is curious what lot of tommy
rot one reads upon the subject of
teaching calves to drink, says National
Stockman. The latest thing, I have
forgotten just where I read it, said
that the fingers should be wet with
milk and held out to the calf. and
when he got a smell of the milk he
would suck the fingers. and then he
was to be gradually led to the bucket
by means of the fingers and the fingers
then withdrawn and he would learn to
drink; but on no account must he be
held. I tried this plan on the last calf
we had to see just what the calf would
do. It smelt Of my fingers wet with
milk and walked over to the other side
of the stall. And then in spite of all
the coaxing 1 could do he staid there
until I went back to the good Old
fashioned way and got astride 1t and
damned its head into the pail of milk
with my fingers in its mouth. It snort
ed a little, but soon came to terms and
finished the milk in short order. And
In one more lesson it had learned to
drink without aid or assistance from
me- There is one point to keep well
in mind. and that is not to lose your
temper. Don't get mad. It does Eot
do the least bit of good In the world
whether the object of your anger is
horse, COW, hired man or worst of all
yOur bOy.
The Globe-republican., 1899-01-19

Training the Horse.-A horse that
has been brutality handled while being
broken to the saddle or harness ought
not to be expected to have a good dis
position. or to be q safe animal in any
kind of work.He knows man at first
only as an animal that inflicts pain and
it is often a long time before he learns
what is required of him that he may
escape the punishment Of the whip or
spur. There ought to be no such =
process as that which is known a
breaking. The training that leads
gradually to excellent performance Of
al his duties should begin with the
colt. and be accompanied always win
Kindness nd patience. yet With nm
neB that exacts obedience alwaya-Rx
The semi-weekly messenger. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1897-1908, 1899-11-21

airy says, were employed by the Beers
to bury their dead, and two trains,
each drawn by two engines, carried
away h wounded
FATALITY OF ARMORED TRAINS.
London, November Il, ) a. Minis
fortune s~teadfastiy pursues British
employment Of armored trains, the fas-
cination for which has gwen the Beers
their first and latest victories. The
Fritish seemed to have walked INFO a
deliberate trap with the result that,
according to the best accoun-s, ninsty
men r either killed, wounded or
missing OF these the fusilee-s claim
fifty and the Durham infantry forty.
II Is believed hat few escaped and
of the Boers- Many OF the
wounded were brought back On the 10
connective and tender of the armored
train Captain Haldane, OF thu FOR
don Highlanders, was attached TO the
fusiliers, and other officers were with
them The list Of casualties is await
ed with great anxiety. In time Of
TRANSVAAL NO 3 *
trouble Lieutenant Winston Churchill
has proved himself more OF a soldier
than a correspondents, and his gallant
~ Is highly praised on all sides.
RUMOR OF JUBERT'S DEATH DIS
CREDITED.
The rumor of the death of General
Joubert is discredited. Il is unier-
stood that the war office has news THAI
he IS still directing affairs. Il is also
rumored from Pietermaritzburg that
the Boer losses at Ladysmith on Thurs
day were heavy and included General
Lucas Meyer, who was either killed or
wounded. The report as to General
Joubert probably arose from the fac
that his wife has left the Boer camp
at LadySmith for the Free State.
The Cape Town correspondent OF The
Standard says he has heard from an
old resident who has just left the
Orange Free state, that the war is very
unpopular there, that apart from the
government officials the attitude of the
people who consider themselves bound
to England, is very half-hearted, that
dissatisfaction and disobedience are
spreading in h ranks of the free state
troops, and that the burghers would
welcome any prdtext ITO return to their
homes.
TO EVACUATE ESTCOURT.
The Times publishes the following
dispatch from Pietermaritzburg dated
November 18th:
"EStcourt is short of artillery. The
garrison may retire 20 the Moot river,
southwark tonight, in case a strong
IOrce Oh Beers should Inc en-
emy'S intention is to keep back the
British relieving column"
LADYSMITH HEAVILY SHELLED.
LouTenzo Marques, Delagoa Bay,
November ia local ~newspape re-
ports that Ladysmfth was subjected to
a very heavy bombardment all day
Tuesday, and that at midnight all the
cannon on the hills surrounding the
town opened fire simultaneously,
pouring shells from all parts of the
compass. Several buildings took fire,
the newspaper asserts, and could be
seen from Bulawayo hill.
The semi-weekly messenger. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1897-1908, 1899-11-21
TWO JURORS SECURED
For the MoIineuX = Adams Murder
Trial.

New York, November 16.-Two of
the twelve men who are to try Roland
3. Molineux, accused of causing the
death by poison of katherine j. Adams,
have been obtained. 1t took nearly the
entire third day of the trial to accomp-
lish this result. The men are Matthias
L. B. Martin. a retired took broker,
formerly a member of the stock en-
change and still a member of the con-
sOlidated exchange. He is about 90
years old and married. The other is
William G.. Post, recently retired from
the confectionery business. He is
married. Mr.. Martin was the fifty
fifth talesman examined since the be-
ginning of the trial.
OF the dozen candidates for positions
on the jury today, it is interesting to
note that seven were excused because
they had conscientious scrupleS upon
the subject of capital punishment;
three were disqualified because of a
lack of general information or inabili-
ty to speak English perfectly; one be-
cause he had computations of con-
science concerning the subject of cir
cumstantiaI evidence, and one because
his duties as a policeman entitled him
to be excused.
The semi-weekly messenger. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1897-1908, 1899-11-21
A DISTRESSING ACCIDENT.
A student OF Chapel Hill Crushed By
Trafn-He Lives Only n Few Hours.

Raleigh. n. c., November I6--Ben-
jamin T. Long. IT, a student at tho
state university. was run down and Sc
riously hurt by a freight train A. Uni
versiry station at $50 O'Clock this
morning. He was pinned under
the freight which was backing when
IL struck him. and 1t was with Difficult
y he was released. His thigh. arm
and collar bone were broken and his
recovery is doubtful. Mr.. Long Is a
son OF Mr.. b. F. Long. OF Stasesvi lie.
one of the most prominenx attorneys
in North Carolina
Especial Dispatch 90 The MeSsenger.)
Raleigh. ~. c., November is.-R. +.
Long, a prominent lawyer of States
Vile, who was here attending the su-
preme court, telegraphed his son. n
a. the State university. To come
to-day TO dine with him.
On The way here at University STA
ton young Long. while standing on a
siding looking At an incoming train.
did not notice a freighe train on the
Chapel Hill branch backing on the sid
ing. 1t struck him and crushed him
down, breaking his lei, arm. ri NJ
thigh and collar bone and injur.rg -
spine.
While crushed under the train 4
with a hemorrhage he utteouxlv
sough a classmats TO Kill him and 4
his agony.
He was taken to a Durham hcsps
His father was In the supreme & Z
room when the news came. apprls 4
the court OF Vt and was excused fr N
arguments. He immediately char,e:ei
a special train and went ~ Du-s~r..
His son lived three hours after 10
reached him.
The semi-weekly messenger. [volume] (Wilmington, N.C.) 1897-1908, 1899-11-21
KENTUCKY ELECTION MUnDLE
A. Far From Settlement ~ Ever DEM
ocratic Legislators who VIII Not
Vote for Goebel.

Frankfort, KY, November 16.-Sec-
rotary OF State Finley has received Of
fetal returns from fifty ountie and is
calculating them for the state election
board. Candidates for minor state Of
fees on both tickets fear that the re-
turns may show the head Of one ticket
elected with candidates on the other
ticket faring likewise. While Goebef
carries Campbell county, Burke. repub-
llcan, for superintendent of public in
struction carries the same by over
loo. Goebel managers assert that the
whole Goebel ticket will win.
The report today that Chairman Pr
or, of the state election commission,
would resign because OF dissatisfaction
over the Goebel county commissioners.
is denied by Prior.
Taylor's friends have begun a quiet
canvass OF the members of the legis-
lature, sounding them as to how they
would vote on a contest If the state
election board should throw out Knox.
Johnson or Pulaski countier and also
LOO votes cast in Nelson for wv. p
instead Of w. S. Taylor. 1t In said
four democratic members Of the houGe
and at least six democratic nator
nave been found so far who will not
vote TO seat Goebel. This movement
on t2yIOrS SIDE Is construed 10 lndl-
cate the opinion that Goabal VIII be
given a certificate of election from the
state board.
The story that Goebel has decided
to abandon the fight and IL enter a
fight against Blackburn for senator is
pronounced absurd by friends OF both
and is laughed at by both Goebel ard
Blackburn.
Frankfort, KY, Novenbc~ 16.-Gov-
ernor Bradley has the members Of both
parties guessing as to what hand he
wifi take in the event of q collision be-
tween Goebel and Taylor over the gov
ernorShip. Bradley's close friends say
he will not recognize Goebel as gov
ernor If the state board goes Dehind the
original returns in order to obtain for
him a certificate Of election.
The governor himself will no. talk
but as he is in conference with Adju-
tant General Collier almost constantly,
rumors OF this kind are worrying the
democratic leaders. No governor will
be inaugurated December 18th, the
date prescribed by law. The state
election commission has not been on
vened to the returns The law
provides that 1t must meet not later
than December 4th.