The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1899-11-12
ENGLAND'S ROUND OF WARS.
RECORD or HER CAMPLTGNS FOR
THE LAST MIR CENTURY.


and New Zeniasd-Hor Achievements
The British army cannot be said to have
rusted ia idoness In the last forty years Eng
lands last war with a Continental power was
the Crimean. which ended In 1856. Turning
from the Crimean to the Indian mutlny all the
truops the Empire could spare were called
upon to release Lucknow. Cawnpore and DEM
from the grasp Of the Sepoys and to restore
the 80 IN blance OF order In India. Some OF the
other mpaigns In which the British army has
bssn mploysd since 1855 are here recalled.
The British Consul Mt Canton. China, made
trouble with the Chinese authorities In 1856
because they seized and disciplined the crow
ola Canton river boat flying the British flag.
Asa matter Of fact the boat had no right TO
carry the British 1ar and had hcisted 1t under
false pretenses to conceal. aid and abot the
purposes Of a band Of Chinese pirates The
Consul insisted on his view OF the oase and the
quarrel quickly developed intoh war Admiral
Sir Michael Seymour bombsrd.d Canton from
Oct % to Nov. 10. while an infantry force N ado
demonstrations on ihs Outskirts Of the city.
The behavior OF the diplomatic representa-
tives In Cation. acting under Instructions from
the Government, vts criticised severely At
homo On motion OF Mr Coodon. the House Of
Commons passed q vote Of censure Ivy MAJOR
ity OF sixteen Lord Palmerstons ministry
dissolved Parliament, appealed to the country
10 stand by its sailors aud soldiers and was
triumphantly replaced in power
France mad a grievance against China on ac-
sount OF tho way some Of her missionaries had
been treated. The British hostilltes were sus-
non ied during the worst part OF the Indian
mutiny. In December. 1857. England and
France together attacted Canton, took the ci'y
and captured the Chiness Commissioner Yeh.
Tho treaty resulting from the war was one on
kI.-A .sk -. r..
themselves. A British authority said oiit "A
miserable quarrel about lorcha became the
means OF extortine from tho Chinese Empire
ntrsaty whlnh Is likely TO have the most bene-
fetal effect on our commercial intercourse
with that peculiar people" On juno
20. 1859. year after tho treaty was
signed. English and French representatives
started for PekIn to exchange ratincations Of
II with tho Emperor's representatives. The
Geot OF twenty-five warships escorting the
representatives was fred upon on its way up
the Peiho River. The expedition was forced
10 retire. In 1880 the two European powers
sent Sir Hope Grant and Gen. Cousin de Mon
taubnn with sufficient force Of men and naval
vessels to enforce the treaty. which stipulated
that the foreign Ambassadors should be ad-
mitted to Pskin. The Chinese fought bravery
at the Taku forts. but could make no prolonged
stand against the European troops. Sir Garnet
wolsslsy distinguished himself In the lighting
there During negotiations near Pekin q mum
Der OF Engishmen and Fren chmen were treach-
srously seized and carried into the city. Some
OF them were tortured to death. In retaliation
for this, after the city was captured. tho En-
psror's summer palace was burned down. This
allied powers had things all their own way AZ
tor This ami exacted indemnities. apologies
and privileges and received everything for
which they asked.
PERSIA INVADED IN 1851
Ths British Minister to Persia had q dispute
with the Shahs Government In 1855 that N uoh
resent lsd the differences between England
and China at the same time. Gen. Outram
and Gen. Havelock led British columns into
the north OF Persia, and on March 4. 1857. tho
Persians. realizing that they were hopeGessly
beaten. granted all tho British demands.
rIoHTIso ON THE INDIAN FRONTIER
The disturbance caused by the sepoy m utiny
gradually spread to Aishanistan. aud the tribes
on tho Indian frontier who have always been
ready to seize an opportunity for dsmonstrat-
ing their Ill will toward the British II only the
demonstration could be made in safety. Rus
STA. on the other side OF Afshanistan has con-
stantly sought 70 ALLEVIATE these people from
friendship with tho English In the last
thirty i've years there have been lights all
nlong tho border OF varying importance and
intensity, as In fact there had been
for tho nfty years before the mutIny. In
December. 1859. an expedition had TO be sent
against tho Kahul Kheyl wuzzesress. and
another was sent against the Mahsood Wuz-
zeeress In April, 1880. All this time the Hin
dustani dsvotess hal been stirring up all the
disorder they could on the Yusatzai frontier
They were aided by fugitive sepoy rebels who
led them on border raids. The PunjAb Gov
ernment sent an expedition to destroy their
stroneholds and give them a lasting lesson
On Oct 10. 1888. q column OF 5000 men
with nineteen guns entered the I'm
beyla Pass and met with immediate and
fsrcs resistance. On Dot. 20. 1000 natives
moved on an advance post on a pinnacle so
small that only ITO Englishmen could find
footing on II: 100 more Englishmen were
posted at tho foot OF the mountain. The
natives attacked that post all the afternoon.
and when they were at last driven away. they
left tho ground covered with their dead. The
British force lost three officers and twenty six
men killed: and nins officers and eighty-sIx
men wounded. All tho tribes between the
Indus and Kabul rivers heard OF this fight. and
dropping their tribal feuds. came trooping
out OF the hills to obliterate the English force
In short time 1900 OF them were camping
on tho hills near the outlet OF tho pass and
>,
They fought with bravery. Time after time
men armed only with spears forced their way
insids the English breastworks. only to be
Ehot down and bayoneted. These fights were
az daily occurrence for nearly three weeks.
Re6nforcemsnts vere sent up from tho Punjab,
and tho trhesmen grew discouraged.
II seemed good time N enforce tho lesson
On Dec, 10. force OF 1900 men undertook to
capture the principal fortress Of tho trib esmen
on q conical hill near tho mouth of the pass.
The hill was so steep that It was comrared to
a thmble Tho H!udustans had fortified It
with circles OF stone brcastworks. Col Tur-
her, who commanded ono Of tho attacking COL
nmns lined the surrounding ridges with his
infantry and artillery and covered tho charge
with another column, straight up the hill
The tribesmen were thrown into the wild
est confusion by the audacity OF tho
attack and threw down their Guns and ran
Their loss was 400 and more. Killed and
wounded that Of the Lngligh was 80 The
Jmbeyia battle Ia held in ths British army to
be the quickest and Sharpest action in modern
times. In deScriblng tho attack on the forts II
thu Eaniut tribaa in ISII thu prIo.ra ,,ke