davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-10-01
ANCIENT TELEGRAPHY.
Systems OF Signals Addressed to Sight
or Hearing.


or Hearing.
We are apt to think that because the
ancients and our immediate forefathers
had no electric telegraph, they had no
telegraph at all; but that is far from
the truth. Many systems of Biography
most of them depending on signals adj
dressed to sight or hearing, have been
known from the earliest times, and
some Of these are described in an ar
ticle contributed to Cosmos by M. L.
Remy. Says this writer:
''Three or four centuries before our
era, Eneus invented several systems Of
signaling. In particular, he devised the
first synchronic apparatus. At each
station was installed a great vessel of
uniform capacity, having in its side a
hole of the same size for each vessel.
At the surface Of the liquid contained
in the vessel was a float, in which was
fixed an upright rod divided into equal
parts, each Of which correspondent to
one of the phrases to be telegraphed.
The attendants at each station had a
torch. When the first raised his torch
he uncovered the hole in his vessel, al
lowing the water to escape and the float
to sink; the attendant at the second
station did the same. and this was re-
peated from station to station. When
the division of the rod corresponding
to the message to be sent had fallen to
the level of tie edge Of the vessel. the
first attendant lowered his torch. and
replaced the cork; the others, initial
ing his action, could then read off on
their rods the particular message sent
by the first
In all such methods as these the
methods were limited to words OF
phrases agreed upon beforehand. In the
second century b. G. cIeoh1efies invent
ed a method of doing away with this in
convenience by combining luminous sig
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-10-01

nails so as to form a code. Each station
was furnished with several huge fire.
vessels corresponding each to a group of
letters of the alphabet. The one that
was exposed so that it could be seen
from the next station, while the others
We're hidden, indicated the group, in
Guiding the letter to be transmitted,
which letter was then shown more
closely by lanterns. Polybius improved
this by dividing the alphabet into five
groups, for of five letters and one Of
four. These were telegraphed by tor
ches, moving in given directions. For in
stance, three torches at the left of the
station meant the third group, then two
at the right meant the second letter of
this group"
The Chinese, M. Remy tells US, also
used signal towers, at an early period,
and the Romans learned how to employ
Them from the Carthaginians. The Ro-
mans Geographic system was alto
gether 1900 miles in length, and remains
of the stations still exist The Gauls tel
Iegraphed by shouting from post to post,
and there was q similar system be-
tween Athens and Susa (450 miles,.
When Europe was overrun by barbar-
ians, these systems of telegraphy were
destroyed Although some effort at SIM
ilar communication was made in the
middle ages, modern telegraphy dates
from the sixteenth century 1t began
with some very curious propositions.
| Says Nj. Remy:-
about 1870, Porta, a NSapolitan ply
sicist, inventor of the camera obscura,
| thought that he could cast upon the
| moor, by means of q mirror, characters
that could be read over the whole earth.
| Father Kireher proposed to let the sun S
rays fall on mirrors in such manner as
| to form letters Francois Kessier Used
an empty barrel, containing a lamp,
with movable shutter. Opening the
shutter once sigpified the Letter A, twice
meant B, and 50 on. This seems to be
the beginning OF our present Geographic
| alphabets.
About the same time experiments
were made at Mayence with five masts.
each divided into five sections. Large
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-10-01
TREASURY STATEMENT

ment AZ tbe condition of the treasury
shows show I the IL following: Available cash
balance, $3.50, 567, 500; gold reserve, 1884,
i42,Ss5; net silver, $5,o23, 2Ss; United States
notes Of 1890, $l,O71, le6; total receipts this
day, 81, 1s4, S6S; total receipts this NORTH
$45, SS4, IA; total receipts this year, SAB,
$685. total expenditures this day S64l,
900. total expenditures this MONTH $37, STA,
400; total expenditures this year $780,
657 402 deposits in national banks, $50,
$685. silver bullion, 1871, 073.
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-10-01
IN AN OLD GARDEN.

Come down to that old garden
OF every flower we knew,
When out of gates of childhood
The airs of morning blew,
And arching heaven was painted
In every drop of dew.
And you may have the lily
With all her virgin SHOWS,
And you may have the beauty
That bushes on the rose;
But / will have the heart s-ease.
The dearest flower that blows!
Who viii shall have the balsams
And store of hydromel,
The purple of the monk S hood,
With poison in his spell;
Who will shall have sweet-william
And the canterbury bell
/ love the breath of rosemary.
The perfume of the stock;
The proud plumes of the f1eur-de-lis.
The silken hollyhock;
/ love the flaming poppy
And the sleepy four-o clock.
But they say that when great angels
Fell plunging from heavens froWn.
A spirit looking after
Lost q blossom from her CROWN
know 1t was the heart s-ease
Came softly floating down.
Oh, bright the honeysuckle.
-, AND sweet his tipping crew;
Tho birdwings of the columbine
The larkspur, blue as blue
But ] will take the heart's-ease.
And all the rest take you.
Harriet Prescott spofford
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-10-01

Through the enterprise Of Mr.. Thomas
Beecham. proprietor of the world-re-
nowned Beeehams Pills, photo-folios of
public buildings, natural scenery, etc,
Of the British Isles may now be obtained
for the nominal price of five cents from
the international News Company. Duane
street, New York city To those who have
not visited the places of historic Interest
which are portrayed in these books. the
photographs will be OF extreme Interest:
England. Scotland, Ireland and Wales
have all received their attention at M
Beecham's hands. and the books will
prove very interesting and instructive.
The Worcester spy. [volume] (Worcester, Mass.) 1898-1904, 1899-10-01

MISC Elizabeth A. Foley. for the past
few months with Jacobs Bros, corner
Foster and Norwich streets, has re-
ttxTned to her former position with
Richard Healy, cloaks. suits and furs.
blz Maan street. Worcester.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1899-12-01
LETTERS FROM HARDY.
Colonel of Third Texas Addresses
Officera of His Hcninenf


Corsieans. Texas. November Is. Colo.
mel G. W. Hardy. recently elected colo
mel OF the Third regiment of the Texas
state militia. has dictated the following
letter TO the line officers OF his regi-
monl.
10 the Line officers of the Third Infantry.
IeNas Volunteer Guard.
The line officers of the recently or
ganized Third infantry, Texas Volunteer
uuard,Will permit me 10 adopt this method
OF expressing my thanks for their compii-
mentary vote by which they elected nue.
| colonel of the regiment on November %
last 1t will be my pleasure to endeavor
in the future to snow by my conduc, IN
the management OF the regimentai affairs
that am not unworthy OF the confidence
thus expressed by them desire also Ia
congratulate the regiment upon the very
wise selection of the other field officers,
most OF whom l know personally. and all
Of whom l know by reputation to be ef-
hcent officers ana courteous gentlemen.
Counting at all times the good will and
cooperation OF the field and line officers
with the present lights before me, | am
quite confident the Third will soon be
made the best regiment in the Texas mil
itia.
To the three officers who voted sgainst
me desire to express my thanks. in tina,
they had selected as my opponent such q
worthy gentleman and competent officer
and have thus contributed to heighten the
compliment paid ME in this election.
The line officers are aware of the fact
that the colonel has the power to appoins
certain stan officers, to-wit 4. regi-
mental adjutant, a quartermaster a COM
missary, a chaplain. two assistant sur
geons, a hospital steward and drum na
ior. Aside from this. he Will also APP
point, upon recommendation of the bat
talon commanders (who are also called
upon to submit their recon lamentations J,
one battalion adjutant and one battalion
sergeant major for each battal on The
various companies composing the regi'
ment are hereby called upon 70 submit
their recommendations for said appoint
ments, and while | am sure that all ap.
plicants can not be appointed. ! desire to
distribute these STAFF officers among the
various companies to the satisfaction OF
the entire regiment and with n special
view of promoting the efficiency OF tho
whole command. All applications and
recommendations will be filed and duly
considered. but 1t will be understood that
none of the above appointments will be
given out until after the colonels COM
mission has becn issued by the governor,
Yours very truly. g. W Hardy
Colonel-elect Third Infantry. Texas Vol
unteer Guard
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1899-12-01
Anderson Locals.

Anderson. Texas. November 2S.-The
commissioners court has adjourned for the
term. Judge league was authorized TO
correspond with G. Warnecke of Houston
for sinking an artesian well at Anderson.
jerks Harrison Of Frio county sold his
place here today and has left for home.
John f. Martin and family have moved
back to Anderson.
Criminal cases set and yenire ordered;
William Kennard. murder. 18th; George
Tucker. murder. 18th; A. II. Montgomery.
murder, 18th; John T. Cox, murder, 18th;
Ed Watkins. murder. 18th; Jesse Carter,
rape, l4th. There are fifteen murder and
assault to murder cases on the docket,
There are forty eight divorce cases now
on docket and sixty-two other cases. The
criminal docket will be taken up the third
Monday OF court.
PHI Rider of Houston is here working
for the Record
A. W. Boyd, ESQ, of Houston is here
attending district court
Mrs. Mary =. Finn Of Reagan Is here
collecting and renting for another year.
Rev. J. y. cason Of the Baptist church
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1899-12-01
FRANK GOULD WAS HERE
The Young New Yorker Made q Short Visit
to Houston.
PROPERTY INSPECTED,
Mr.. vnn Dyne Succeeds Mr.. brown
Cane Belt Appointmen ts-Rock
Island Resumes Business.

A special train composed of cars. No.
200 and l4S of the International and Great
Northern railway arrived in the city at
l2;4b O'Clock yesterday. having aboard
Mr.. Frank Gould OF New York. DR.. Mum,
the family physician for many years OF
the Gould family; Mr.. Leroy Trico. gen
eral superintendent OF the international
and Great Northern railway; Mr.. A. r.
Howard. treasurer of the same company
w l.. Maury, auditor; d. j. Price, gen.
eral passenger agent; George H. Turner.
general freight agent, and s. Northrup.
general manager of the American Rapid
Transit company. They remained in the
city about three quarters of an hour and
returned to Palestine. going no farther
south than Houston. The trip was one Of
inspection, and the members of the party,
accompanied by Mr. Horace Booth. general
agent here. made trip through the COM
pany's yards. Mr.. Gould will be in the
state for some time and may possibly
visit Houston again before returning East
He desired to give a half day to Thanks
giving Day holiday. and for that reason
the party returned to Palestine headauar-
tiers,
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1899-12-01
TAYLOR ropics.
Sanitary Committee Arranging Tor
n Sewerage Plant.

Sanitary Committee Arranging Tor
Sewerage Plant.
Taylor. Texas. November 30. Tho san
itary committee OF the city council Is ne
gotlating for n sewerage system for thu
city, and at n meeting Of the board O.
aldermen on Tuesday night the chairman
OF the committee reported that encour-
aging progress was being made, and tn'
prospects for the system were good.
A crowd of young people are taking
advantage OF the holiday and are enjoy
ing a rabbit chase IN the Flag Springs
ranch pasture a body of land one mile
wide and three miles long between fences.
located just outside the corporate limits OF
the city. There are large numbers OF
jack rabbits In this pasture, and they arc
chased on horseback.
lodge OF the United Benevolent as
ISOLATION was organized here last night
with twenty charter members. The O'lI-
GERS selected for the first term are as fol-
lows; President. w NJ Crocker past
president j. II. Miller; vice president.
j. G. Iyey; secretary. II A. Brown
treasurer. Miss Lottie Talbot; conductor
s. VI. Wood; chaplain, Miss Ida Miller.
inner guard, r.. p. Brown: trustees, q II
Hewlett 7. d. Dunn. j. NJ. Campbell,
Mr. John w. Ward. representative oi
the National democratic ways and mcnnJ
committee, was in Taylor yesterday He
Is canvassing the State in the interest OF
the democratic campaign fund. He lort
for Georgetown. but will return here In n
few days TO CANVASS this city
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1899-12-01
HALLETsvILLE ITEMS.
A History of Dewitt County in Ger.
Innn Finds Ready Sale.


mnn Finds Ready Sale.
HalletsvIlle Texas, November 3d.
Never before in the history OF Lavaca
county has there been committed as many
petty thefts as recently. Some one stole
from the farm OF Mrs r. NJ. Works, on
the Navidad. wagon and some plows.
County Attorney William Blakeslee Ia
in st. Louis on business connected with
the Order OF Catholic knights Of America.
OF which order he is the supreme vice
president.
C. II. Waltersdort. editor Of the La
vaca County Nachrichten, has written In
German language history OF De witt
county, for which he finds ready sale.
Richard Waltersdorf has gone TO Hons-
ton TO accept position with tho
T~utscher Zetung and Anzeiger
s. J. Townsend ESQ, has this week
been holding regular monthly term Of
Justice court having full docket.
From October 2 to and including No
vember there were forwarded through
the HaIletsyfle postotfce 1908 pounds
and il ounces OF mail matter.
At the last quarterly conference Of the
Methodist Episcopal church al this place
arrangements were made 10 have SER
vices here three SUNDAYS In the month in
stead OF two as heretofore
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1899-12-01
Chapppeu Hill Notes.

Chappell Hill, Texas, November 30
Chappell Hill is on a big boom. 1t is cur
rently reported that a fine livery and sale
stable is soon to be established here. a
thing greatly needed.
DR.. ]. l.. Howell has recently pur-
chased fine lot just opposite the Bap-
fist church on Main street and is soon
to build a handsome residence upon 1t.
Business changes OF an important char
acter are likely to take place here in the
near future.
Mrs. Bland and her three children, vino
reside at Johnsons bayou and who have
been here visiting her sisters. Mrs. JACK
Routt and Mrs. Sterling Smith, returned
to their home today.
Miss Mattye Cooke has gone TO Hemp.
stead to visit friends and relatives.
The high price OF cotton and the fine
business resulting in all lines of traffic
make everybody feel joyful. happy and
content.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1899-12-01
THE STATE CAPITAL
Mr.. Bryan Is Taking No Fart in the
Leadership Fight.

bryan W. ~ So
Leadership Fight.
Austin, Texas. November S0.-W. J.
Bryan, Governor Sayers. Attorney Gem
eral Smith and Ex-Governor Hogg went
to Waco this evening to attend the DEM
ocratic rally to be held there tomorrow
Mr.. Bryans attention having by The
Post correspondent today been called to
the report from Washington that 1t was
limited there that he was inclined to favor
the nomination of Sulzer for speaker by
the democratic congressional contingent
he expressed himself as follows in the
matter:
~ have not said or written anything fof
or against any candidate for speaker.
have not taken any part In the contest
and shall not The democrats in congress
are entirely competent TO settle the ques-
lions of leadership for themselves and !
have no doubt that the caucus will mako
a wise selection"
Governor Sayers stated today that y
was. his Judgment now that he would call
the Twenty sixth legislature to meet IN
extra session on January 20 next.
The supreme court, the State depart
ments, the Federal departments, The banks
and other institutions OF semi-public
nature kept their doors closed today on
account OF Thanksgiving.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1899-12-01
Cleburne Notes.

Cleburne. Texas. November pa fire
company has been organized among the
Santa Fe shop employees, with ffty-lve
members. All the necessary apparatus
was today received and a regular fire sta
ton will soon be erected. centrally To-
Gated, and plank tracks will be bulls
around and into all the buildings to rem
DER access easy in time of fire.
Brakeman Fred Hess lost leg yester-
day while switching at Davis, L. T. He
was carried to his home at Gainesville.
He runs through Cleburne and is we'll
known here.
The big air compressor went into the
shops Today for a general overhauling.
Work has begun on the second deep well
for the Santa Fe shops
VIII Harris. machinist. has gone to
Michigan to visit his parents.
Mr.. Higgins, clerk in Superintendent
James Collinsons office. is In Alta Iona
preparing to move his family to Cleburne
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1899-12-01
NaYasotn Notes.

Navasota. Texas, November S0.--The
temporary wooden bridge over the Ma
vasota river on the Washington avenue
road, which was damaged by the recent
freshet. has been repaired and traffic
uses it without further difficulty.
Alderman and Mrs. L. l.. Chnski cele-
brated their wooden wedding yesterday
evening and the same was quite a social
affair Many handsome presents from
friends and relatives were received.
Mr.. j. f. D. Houck, aged 81 ya,rs,
and veteran OF the Mexican and Con
federate wars, died at his home in this
city at 1850 O'Clock yesterday evening.
and his body was laid to rest this after
noon under the auspices OF the Masonic
lodge
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1899-12-01
GoLprHwAITn ITEMS,
nhis Week wan wind Up This sen
SONS Cotton Crnp.

Goldthwaite, Texas, November 2s>-Th-
public welgher has received up 20 date
$500 bales of cotton az this point There
are not over 600 bales more in tho terri
tory adjacent 20 this place. 1t is all pick-
ed and this week will wind up all the
ginning in this section for this season
Trade is holding up we'll, no complaint
with merchants, Their sales are better
than they were at this time Last year.
good rain fell here tho last days oi
the past week making the hest season in
the ground at this time of the year tn,
farmers have had for a long time,
Mrs. Leon Harris is dangerously II
this morning, her life "a despaired O
but her friends still have hope Of her re
covery,
IL is gooo hog-kiling weather and sau
sage, spare ribs and backbones are the
order of the day; this section Will kil
nearly all the pork needed for next year,
consumption.
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1899-12-01
COOP noADs MOVEMENT.
An Interview with Judge Hnmtlton
of MatnGordR County.

of Mataeorda County.
Matagorde County Tribune,
While searching the temple OF justic,
for items OF interest to Tribune readers
Thursday evening. the editor straycd In Al
the county judges open door.
Having noticed In our exchanges evil
dences OF general awakening on tho sub.
jcet OF road improvement all over Texas
resulting in many county organizations Tor
the purpose OF fostering the Improvement
OF the common highways, We determined
to send out a few ieelers to locate the
president OF our commissioners court. anc
we soon struck pay dirt, and found our
aifable county judge rich mine OF good
roads sentiment and ideas, as the follow
Ing Interview syill show
Judge, | see that a good roads conyen.
ton is called TO meet in Houston on De
cember 10 and 10, during the Fruit, Flower
and Vegetable Festival. do YOU feel any
interest in this movement"
Yes. l feel deep interest In H.
notice The Post says that on the day be-
fore tho convention all the machinery OF
the latest pattern necessary TO begin and
complete section OF road viii be prac
ticaiiy operated In the presence Of the
delegates, and l want 10 go and see Il
work, and expect to do 80, would like
to see each commissioners precinct in this
county send one OF more representatives,
and hope that all four of our commits
sioners will attend, There seems to be
little doubt that we VIII soon have one
or more railroads In the county and the
remote residences will want good wagon
roads to tho railroads. And this Is an
age of travel by buggy and OF hauling and
good roads are a necessity, and every day
becoming mors and more so. To build
them in the old way Is out of the question.
The process is too slow and too expensive,
To keep up with the times we must have
up-to-dato machinery. | am Informed that
the road from Wharton to III Campo did
not cost more than s25 q mile An elevator
grader WAS used
We'll, Judge. what are the county's ra-
sources for providing and operating this
machinery"
oh II the people want good roads they
can provide for them. Intelligent men
know that 1t is cheaper TO make them than
do without them Just how viii be the
best way to 80 about II will not appear
till the coming special session OF tho legis-
lature perfeots and enacts tho new tax
law, We cant tell now what its provisions
will be. But we can attend this conven-
tion. inspect all the machines and their
work, get all the information and expert
ence the delegates have to impart, and get
ready 10 act when the time comes.
We were much impressed by Judge Ham
iltons views, and we suggest that our
wide-awake correspondents ascertain the
sentiment Of the people OF their several
communities on thYs subject and tell us
what they say--who favor and who op-
iposa the good roads movement
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1899-12-01
rue GAINES CASE.
A Motion for Rehearins Ha. neen

Made by the Attorney Generai.
Sherman. Texas, November 2s,--Disr
trict Judge Don A. Bliss today excused
the 200 special veniremen summoned TO
appear December In the W r, Gaines
case. This case has become noted through
out the State. Gaines now stands con.
yicted of the murder Of his brother-in-law.
Charles Koch. and his punishment was
assessed at life imprisonment. Some time
ago the case was reversed and remanded
to the trial court In Grayson county by
the court OF criminal appeals. Upon noti-
fication OF the action OF the higher court
Judge Bliss set the dato Of the new trial
for December 4, since which time the at
torney general has nled motion for re-
hearing OF the case before the court OF
criminal appeals. Today Judge Bliss was
asked why he had excused the special We
nre, and said: = have found that the
motion for rehearing OF the case hled by
the attorney general before the court OF
criminal appeals can not be reached and
The Houston daily post. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1886-1903, 1899-12-01
BRYAN Ar waco.
Town Ia Rapidly Filling with Those
WHO Want TO Hcnr Him.

Waco. Texas, November 30. w. J
Bryan. accompanied by Governor j. D
sayers, Ex-Governor j $ Iiogg and At.
torney General 4 s. Smith. arrived her,
this evening and were met at the depot
by 1000 people Mr. Bryan speaks In the
new auditorium tomorrow. II will he his
first speech since the late State elections
and interest attaches to It on that ac-
count The city is rapidly filling with
people from the surrounding country
eager to see and hear the distinguished
democratic leader.
The Bryan party Will remain here until
Saturday,