Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1899-11-15
Some Suggestions That May Aid
the Pfospector
VALUE OF VARIOUS DEVICES


when the proprietor haa. ~ folloNing
up Indications. determined Co hls uatls-
faction that certain rlcci Of ground
u undcrlald with "a body of ore. or DOE
post of minerals that 10 will pay him
90 open. the next problem before him De-
how be can determine the value OF bile
ind with the least expense 10 himself
in cnso tho mineral deposit does mot
outcrup. but 10 oycrlnid by ana unknown
depth OF roll or debris. there are a ware
'iety Of ways by which he can md out
the depth Of this surface covering and
got some Idea OF tho character IL the
Inincrai below. Tho quickest way in
ease the null ~ not fun ut huulicrt,
and does not contain bodies OF quick
fnnhd. Of 81 finc sand which, while cuu-
ltalninE no wutrr, viii nll up hole
made In d almost na easily aa "a quick.
sand. a by some doyiyc that Will make
a small hole.
The simplest inutrumcn; for this pur-.
pose u an ordinary puathulo digger
Ihiuican DO made by blackamlun out
II q pies OF nheot-Hto,l say les inch
thick ana feet wide. bent intoin cylln.
deR sior inches IA dinmftur. and fan-
tened to the end OF "a stout rod az a.
handle, With this cuntfivance holes
can bclput down quickly TO depth %
40. 10 or 20 foot through ordinary SOIL
and falrly.Htin cluy. and N the mineral
npuGht ~ soft or diaintcgratrd, samples
OF the ledge can be brought up from
over 20 fcpt. a contnvance ~ this KIND
devised BY the superintendent Ut
Florida phosphate mining company. has
come into general use for prospecting
Tor phosphate rock Ia that state.
For frachinn greater depth. or for
work Ia q country WHORE tho soil b.
flflTN with huulIurH aud fnufuNWH WflIFga
SAND. na Ia many Of tho mining regions
81 Tho United States, other methods
must be used. The simplest OF these
~ a aprlng-pole driil, "a heavy drlll .
inchon or morn wide, suspended from
one end Of a pole made N aprlnFy
fuplinF. Two or three men with such
"a driil can do nood work ~ deep ~ 20
feet or 20. aud going down into any KIND
OF "a lcdgu, iiy means OF "a Haud-huckot.
n piece OF hollow pipe slightly smaller
than the hole. with a valve In the bot
tom, samples OF drillinFH from the Ledge
can be- brought up. quite accurate
results eau be obtained from Analysing
number OF such samples. In ease "a
very hard boulder ~ struck. u ~ an
easy matter 10 change the position Of
the arm. In case nnc sand or quick
sand gives trouble, the hole ~ kept open
by driving down piece Of pipe to fol-
low the progress ~ the drill. IN holes
OF moderate depth this plpo can b.
pulled out again without much dlflcui-
For putting down stlil deeper holes
heavier dflli OF the same typo IL com
monty used Such drills grt their per-
cunHiNc motion from a rope passing over
pulley, ana "a motor ~ the other end
10 give a stroke OF varying length. The
source ~ power may BE- n horc, o steam
or gasoline engine. The capacity OF
the outht will vary with itH size a
small rig viii do GOOD work Tor 100 feet
or more, while larger drills. with steam
power, such az are used In the pennuyl-
Nanin oll-neldn. VIII work down 60 1850
feet. Drills % this type have been used
In testing the comparatively shallow
iron ore bodies on the MrHnhl Iron
hunNc IN Minnesota. ana are tho reg
ulnr devices employed iu hunting for
pockets OF lead and zinc orr IN Joplin
district of Missouri. A these pcrcua-
sion drills chip the rock into bits 60 be
brought up by the Hund-pump the tcail-
mony they bring from below may De-
misleading. Ia the ease Of ana Iron orr
body the bits Of steel worn from the
drill Itself may mako tho uulyvrlEc1 ore
brought NJ assay too hlEh in iron iu
tho case ~ any deposit. particularly ID
i contains layers Of high grudc and
low Grade rock. the record OF the drill
iingn may prove very unreliable. THIS.
Tor Instance. has happened in drilling
Tor zine ore IN the Joplin district. \ run
OF rich orr. foot thick occurred IN
broken gruund with barren rock below
A. The ore from this scam. through the
yhurning OF tho water in the hole made
~ the drill. broke on and ten down
the hole ana contributed bits M blonde
60 the drilllngu brought up by tho pump
NOM depth OF several feet below In
ntuad OF having an ore body ray 20 fret
thick, aH the drilllnra indicated. there
were only a few narrow runs. altogether
too small 10 pay for working
To Eut an accurate RECORD uf tho
ground passed through, u arm that
brings up sections OF rock 90 necessary
The diamond drlll which was nrat
brought into successful use on "a large
scale, we believe. By tho late "a. 4.
bulloch on Chicago, D. the best known uf
this class ANA has become a nrrrFHnry
ndjunct ol mining an over the world.
IN THIS drill, a tubular hit. of fDft steel.
has ect in lts face "a varying number uf
diamonds, These are not gem stones.
which nre expensive and liable Co brtak.
but the tougher black diamonds. uf
horta. The rotating diamonds shave of
the rock, A stream uf water forced
down from surface removes tho cute
times, ana the cylindrical core lea lH
broken OH By % special contri,ancr aud
hoHied, with Die, from time to time.
The smallest diamond drilH made utc 10
De driven by hand power and viii take
corrs from u hole 200 foot dccp. The
ANANHA Nllll MlI CUT cores az large uH
Tour Inches, and have been constructed
10 bring mp sections OF rock from ID
depth of one milo
The diamond dnll cannot go through
gravel or broken quartz without dnn-
ggr NJ iniurmg tho cutting tac0H of thr
diamond or tearing them out OF tho
bit ultogethrr rouaoqucntll. In pros-
rtctlng @ D. usual 10 drive am iron
stand pipe through the surface soil or
gravel 10 the ledge, or ln case tho
sou ~ fnll of houldcrs OF granite 0r
other hnri rock, To- sink u shaft Co tho
ledge before the ann iB ready fur work
Another type Of rotary dull, ursd with
puciwtH for several hudT ut work. hns
for itH cutting edge a series of Htcgl
lgoth uf peculiar snaps Woll TEMPERED
These tooth, whom pressed ugulnrt the
rock as tho drill revolvcs. break OH bits
~ the rock which, lihU tho diamond
drlll ruck shaVmgs arc removed from
the circular furruw hy "a stream Df wn-
ter forced down from aurllcu. In roek
that u not 10 hard this calyS dnu aa
u ~ called, has done some remarkable
work Tho curug thut ID brlnga up arc
u larger diameter than those made by
the type OF diamond drills used Tor the
same purpose.
one ~ the most annoying charartrr-
lsliea OF tho diamond arm. and one tb1t
renders the rcaultG uncertain. "a ts
Nepnlmg when the Firta through
winch tho revolving bit and tho tube
behind u must pass are of Nnrvinu
hLfln068 and huuuQu IN lfa M -. -.