davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world., 1899-10-21
Fraternally yours,
SAMUEL GOMPERS,
=
,'s.F l-t' ~ r e 90 IF~7-aN
TERMS OF AGREEMENT.

WASHINGTON, Oct. 19.-Up to the
close Of the state department this
afternoon nothing had been heard
from London respecting the Alaskan
modus vivendi. When the details of
the arrangement are made public which
will follow Immediately on it's con-
clusion it will be found that nearly
all the attempts made up to this point
to describe the new boundary line were
inadequate in important respects. The
maximum claim of the United States
is not maintained. That was not to
be expected in this arrangement, 1t
was intended particularly to relieve the
situation so far as the Dalton trail
route is concerned, No attempt was
made to establish a claim to that ter
ritory lying at the head OF the Chill
koot Pass and White Pass and the
lakes to the north. It does not follow
that the United States has relinquish-
ed the extreme claim at that point, but
simply that mutual agreement reached
about two years ago the heads of these
| two passes were recognized as mark
| ing points Of temporary divisional
line, without sacrificing the perman-
ent rights of either party This ar
| rangametit was found - YsYorlA attso4.
lutely without friction and the present
| is believed to be an inopportune time
! to disturb it.. The point where the
| trouble threatened was on the Dalton
| trail which, by the way, is not direct
! ly on the Skaguay route, although a
side trail does connect the points, but
| is rather the national pathway from
| Pyramid harbor into the Klondihe.
| The United States government, could
scarcely contend at this point that the
boundary line was to be defined by the
prescribed zone of 80 miles from the
sea for in this section: of the country
this was an undeniable mountain range
in which case the treaty provided that
this range should fix the boundary.
Therefore, the new arrangement gives
a line from Chilkoot Pass in direc-.
tion little south OF west to a noun
tain peak about ten miles west Of the.
Dalton TRAIL This line cuts across the
Chilkoot river some distance above
the town Of Klukwan, thus completely
cutting off the British possessions from
navigable water It also throws into
American territory a triangular sec
ton of the Porcupine country of con-
siderable extent, which was claimed
by Canada and which is now being
prospected by a number of American
miners who were driven out Of the
Atln country by adverse British Co.
lumbian legislation. Crossing this in
the western section is the lower end
of the Dalton trail Of which the Unit
ed States obtains possession as well
as it's terminus, Pyramid harbor. :: &.
The labor world., 1899-10-21
Behold Thy Son.
To the Mother Of My Lord.

By Francis Lee Chauvan.
In the shadow of the cross my spirit
kneels-
Kneels with thee,
weeps with thee, for the burden of thy
soul
Falls ON me.
Thou heareth from the cross, from a
voice divine:
Behold thy son."
Thou heareth from the CROSS. In its
shadow deep:
cit is DONE
Words, words, words. how vain they
are to tell
Thy heart. depths pain;
Fen the thought that seeks what
passeth in thy soul,
Seeks in vain.
NV spirit leaves the shadow of the
cross; it goes =
To valleys mild,
Mid Gallilean hills, and soon, in joy,
is with thee
And thy child.
I behold thy son with eyes to thine,
in purest trust,
Thy soul replete
With every grace, and as my prayer
to God ascends
Our spirits meet,
Meet in Christ, thy son-'tis the gift
of life
That never dies,
World, world, what care l for your
wreaths that fade
Meath pitying skies,
I've found the fount Of fame, the fount
Of youth
In. infant heart.
In Mary's child, and at this sacred
hour we meet
>Ne'er to part
1 behold thy son, and my spirit kneels
again,
a child in prayer.
1t sees the glory of it's king, no shad-
oWs fall.
NJ cross is there.
The labor world., 1899-10-21
Roosevelt in Ohio.

~ OV. THEODORE ROOSEVELT, Of
" at opening of the Ohio campaign
by the republicans at Akron on Sept.
%, and made a very fetching and pat
rotic speech, which though given to
the world more in full than the speech
Of George K. Nash, candidate for gov
ernor Of Ohio, was probably not so
thoughtful and logical a production,
and will hardly stand analysis so WELL
His proposition that we first make full
Investigations and get exhaustive re-
ports Of the great corporations before
any corrective action is taken, would
unnecessarily delay trust legislation
for a decade. We don't wait for an in
vestigatiOn before arresting a criminal
caught in the act, and there are some
doings of trusts too plain and patent
to be questioned. On these points the
states and nation should offer imme-
diate relief. Investigations would tell
us nothing new, and the suggestion
that we fool around awhile before TAX
ing action does not seem to us wise
council for the republican party. It is
in power in Ohio and the nation, and
it must act. Nor is Gov. Roosevelt
very happy in his analogies on the
Philippine question. He says: EVERY
miner who stakes out a claim on the
Yukon. every new settler who takes
UP unoccupied land among the foot
hills of the. Rocky Mountains, is unit
in the great work of expansion. Every
one before me tonight is here because
his forefathers were expansionlsts
when they crossed the Alleghenies and
came this side of the Ohio. Expansion
means growth, neither more nor less. {.
., . All great nations must expand
Just as long as they grow and flour
ish." And. much more of the same
Sort. The Budget is for subduing the
rebellion in the Philippines, uplifting
the natives, giving them a taste Of
American liberty, and making the ori-
entail world get a move on itself even
it we have to snap a few caps on the
skirmish line of civilization, but to us
there is no analogy whatever between
the settlement of Ohio and the taking
of the Philippines, and if our justifi-
cation rests on so flimsy an argument
the cause must be lost. 1t should be
pldCeu UlI ulSllel, UlUducI dllu olIOHect
grounds. To have let foreign power
occupy Ohio would have threatened
the very existence of our young repub-
lie, which is in no sense true of the
Philippines. Ohio is contiguous terri
tory 10 the original states, is in the
same temperate zone, was unsettled,
and offered free houses to the pioneers
from oppressed and overcrowded Eu-
rope. The Philippines are far removed
are in a torrid zone, are as thickly
settled as Ohio is today, and offer no
homes for the land seeker. The upper
classes among the Filipinos are col
lege educated, schools are maintained,
the lands are owned, and the soil in a
The labor world., 1899-10-21
THE Trust Problem.

seeking for the real solution Of some of
,, the great problems of Industrial life.
This is that undercurrent whose slow
but resistleSs movement bears such
bubbles on it's bosom as the pseudo
reform movements we have sketched.
The numerical strength of the anti
trust movement is due to this earnest
element, and however vapid may be
the theories of the leaders Of that
movement the masses of their followers
are filled with intense desire, not to
alter, merely, but to perfect. Without
understanding the subtleties Of all the
questions involved, they are sure Of
their own suffering and dissatisfaction.
They want, and will some day demand
relief, not against monopoly, merely,
but the crude system which grinds
them so relentlessly regardless of
mans discoveries in science and i'm
provement in method. They will re-
sist the doctrine which makes the gen.
eral population victim of large num-
ber or small, but in any case the vic
tim, and they will require the organ
ization Of industry on lines compatible
with final abandonment of the idea of
general robbery-called, in softer par
lance. Industrial exploitation.
It will come to this finally and no
doubt in a more abrupt manner than
is generally expected. Evolution moves
slowly to certain point, then a violent
eruption occurs. Mankind is marve-
lously patient, but history repeats too
many times the fact Of limits to even
this endurance for us to doubt that
there is point where tolerance Of
wrong ceases abruptly.
Monopoly is not bad Of itself; COM
pared with little competition it is very
good, indeed, because its deeds are
more or less open, and its methods dis
cernible from their very size. In the
lessor system the infinitude of estab-
lishments and alleged variation Of plan
naturally confuse.
There is broader point Of view in
which the future Of these clashing ele-
ments is more clearly revealed. The
final test Of competition and monopoly
is their failure to harmonize with re-
publican institutions. Democracy has
come to stay. Far from decreasing 1T
will increase. Europe and America
alike confirm this. Whatever bars the
progress of populae government will
be swept aside. Modern discovery has
placed such instruments in the hands
OF industry that competition cannot be
trusted to use them Tor the common
Welfare. Monopoly, eq qdIlly, turns them
against the public. In the hands of a
few of these great forces are incompat
ible with Democratic government be-
cause they build up a small class more
powerful than all the balance of soci-
ETY.. Therefore, either these forces must
be disregarded, o. the social system
must be changed that democracy be
not jeopardized. This leads but to one
end-one supreme certainty National
Ownership. The human mind will seek
in vain for other solutions.
The labor world., 1899-10-21
n OR THOUSANDS of years the

|E OR THOUSANDS of years the peo-
pie Of the world have been follow
ing and believing in the theory that
private capital, that individual enter
prise in business, is the method best
adapted to bring the greatest amount
Of happiness and development to the
human race. Every civilization of the
past, every social structure of the
present, has been built upon that foun-
dation and they have perished or are
perishing from earth by reason Of that
belief. Is it wise, says the Appeal to
Reason, to still follow that idea, or
would it not be tn eaction Of men en-
dOwed with reason to stop and consid-
er some other method? AS T have
many times explained, there are only
two theories Of social compact--one
based on private wealth, and the other
based on public wealth. Property must
be held one way or the other Your
mind can not conceive Of any other
than one Of these. Private wealth has
produced the history of the past, with
all its bloody page. Are such results
what you admire? Has not the social
compact based on private wealth filled
the earth with woe unutterable by the
oppression from men with vast accu-
mutations and wanting more? Has it
not filled the earth with wars, slaugh-
ters; conquests and rapine? I am not
blaming. I am explaining. You ought
to see that all this was natural to con-
ditions in which men were and are
placed. There had been no kings had
men been wise enough for self govern
ment and not wanted kings. All that
has been, appeared as an answer to
the people for what they thought good
for .them-it was the reality of, their
ideas expressed in logical action. They
did not want the action, but they did
not see that it. was like their ideas
Can we have no higher ideals? Must
We go on repeating the errors of the
past? Must we make places and WOr-
ship those who climb into them-places
that men commit any crime to secure ?
If we stop to consider the other the
ory of socfety-that Of the collective
ownership Of capital, just as we now
own the postal system and other pub
lie utilities, making a place for every
adult, you will in time begin to real
ize what the new system would mean
to you. 1t is estimated that it would
mean as much as $1,000 or more would
mean today. Would that be desirable:
Would that injure you? 1t would give
it to your children for their share OF
labor. You think such compensation
impossible. It is impossible so long as
majority refuse to permit the system
to be established. It requires ma
1ority to establish that system just as
it does to sustain this, just as it did to
sustain feudalism, just as it did to sus-
tain chattel slavery, just as it did tc
break this country from King George
Only that and nothing more. Machin-
cry and three or four hours labor a
day will do the rest. Please examine
new idea and see what it is made Of
The labor world., 1899-10-21

cicular is sent out OH the regular let
terhead Of the Ohio republican state
central committee, and q: signed by w.
F Burdell, treasurer. 1t asks for con-
tributions ION account of the impor-
tant bearing the result in Ohio will
have upon the greater contest of 1900,
and becase of the fact that the defeat
Of his party in the presidents home
state would be heralded by the opposi-
ton as rebuke to his administra-
tion.' It then goes on to point out that
the civil service law, while providing
penalties for the payment of contribu-
tions to any federal officer or employe,
does not in terms forbid such payment
to those who are not federal employees,
and states that the financial commit
tee levying this assessment are none of
them in federal employ. It is never
theless easy to read between the lines
that unless money is contributed suNfi
cient to carry Ohio this year, that Nc
Kinley's nomination next year may be
endangered, and that even if another
republican president should succeed
him, the office-holders might have to
make a fresh fight to secure a reap
pointment at his hands.
In view Of the fact that President
Mckinley has declared that tive will
take no backward step" in enforcing
the civil service law, it would seem
that he could not too soon call on Sen
ator Hanna to recall and disavoW this
circular. Copies have already come to
hand that had been received by post
masters as far apart as Maine and
Kansas, and there is NO reason to
doubt they have been sent to practic-
ally all the republican office holders IN
the country.
Taken in connection with other Incl
dents, this cicular seems to show that
the administration is quite padlv
alarmed concerning the situation In
Ohio this fall, and fears very much
the influence which the PRESIDENT s
home state going democratic might
have on his chances for denomination
next summer.
The labor world., 1899-10-21
VRYBURG IS sCUTTLED.

LONDON, Oct. 20.-The Cape Town
correspondent Of the Daily Mail telc-
graphing at 10 o'clock Thursday night
says: "Vryburg surrendered Sunday
night. Tonight's dispatches from
Kuriman, 80 miles west by south Of
Vryburg, state that the police, having
w;thdl avn from Vryburg, the town
surrendered to the Beers, the inhabi :.
tants fleeing in all directions, mostly
toward kuriman. When the police
Withdrew the Cape Beers notified the
fact 10 the enemy, thus inviting them
to take possession. There was a fear
full panic. The British are wildly ind;g-
nant at this scuttling.
The labor world., 1899-10-21
Annual Convention.

Washington, D. c., October IA, 1899.
To All Affiliated Unions, Greeting:
Fellow workers: IN accordance with
custom, you are hereby notified that
the Nineteenth Annual Convention Of
the American Federation Of Labor will
be held in Harmonic hall, in the city
Of Detroit, Michigan, beginning at 10
o'clock Monday morning, December IL,
1899, and continuing until the business
Of the convention is completed.
At the present time, when industry
| is recovering from the severe depress-
ion to which it has been subjected for
so many years; at this time, when the
la Dor forces Of our land are making
strenuous efforts, not only to restore
the standard Of wages which formerly
prevailed, but to improve the condi-
| tions of labor in commensurate de-
| gree with recent great advances made
in Industrial invention, aggregations of
capital and mastery over natural
forces, it behooves us, the pioneer Of
| the mighty organization of labor,
which is now assuming distinct pro-
portions, to meet in solemn conclave
and resolve/ upon such measures as
may seem best calculate to consolidate
the trade union movement and thus
hasten the grand work upon which the
future civilization Of our people inev-
itably depends.
REPRESENTATION.
Representation in the convention will
be on the following basis: From ma
tional or International unions, for less
than four thousand members, one del
egate; four thousand or more, two del
egates: eight thousand or more, three
delegates; sixteen thousand or more,
four delegates; thirty-two thousand or
more, five delegates, and SO on; and
from central bodies and state fedora
tions,' and from local unions not hav-
ing a national union, and from federal
labor unions, one delegate.
Only bona-fide Wage-Workers, who
are not members off, or elegible to
membership in, other trades unions,
are eligible as delegates from federal
labor unions.
Delegates must be selected at least
two weeks previous to the convention,
and their names forwarded to the sec
retary Of the A. F. of L. Immediately
after their election.
Organizations, to be entitled to rep
resentation, must have obtained a GER
ificate Of affiliation (charter) at least
one month prior to the convention;
and no person will be recognized as a
delegate. who is not a member in good
standing Of the organization he is
elected to represent.
Delegates are. not entitled to a seat
in the convention unless the tax of
their organization has been paid in
full to October 81, 1S99
RESOLUTIONS AND CONSTITU-
TIONAL CHANGES.
Resolutions of any character,
or propositions for changes
in the constitution, intended for con-
siderat tion by the convention, must be
sent to the secretary of the A. F. Of l..
a least two weeks previous to the
ate of the convention. The secretary
will have the same compiled and print
ed in the programme of business and
mailed to each delegate-elect and to
the executive officer of each affiliated
organizat ation. No resolution or consti-
tutional change can be considered, un-
less printed in the programme, with
The labor world., 1899-10-21
INGERsOLL ON HUMAN LIFE.

ID ORN Of love and hope. OF ecStacy
and pain, agony and fear, Of tears
Z and joy-dowered with the wealth
Of two united hearts-held in happy
arms, with lips upon ]ife's drifted font,
xEiue- -Veined and fair, where perfect
peace finds perfect f,rm--rc"ked by
willing feet and wooed to. shado,vy
shores of sleep by siren mother sing
ing soft and low-looking with Won
der's wide and startled eyes at com
mon things of life and day-taugh: tv
want and wish and contact wiz. the
things that touch the dimpled flesh Of
babes-lured by light and FLAME and
charmed by color's wondrous robes
learning the use Of hands and feet,
and by the love of mimicry beguiled to
utter speech-releasing prisoned
thoughts from grabbed and curious
marks on soiled and .attered leaves -
puzzling the brain with crooked num-
bers and their changing, tangled worth
and so through years Of alternating
day and night, until the captive grows
familiar with the chains and walls
and limitations of a life.
And times runs on in sun and shade,
until the one of all the world is wooei
and won, and all the love of love is
taught and learned again. Again
home is built with the fair chamber
wherein faint dreams, like cool and
shadowy wales divide the billowed
hours of love. Again the miracle Of
'birth-the pain and joy, the kiss of
welcome and the cradle song drown
ing the drowsy prattle of babe.
And then the sense of obligation and
Of wrong-pith for those who toll and
weep-tears for the imprisoned and de-
spised-love for the generous dead, and
in the heart of the rapture of a high
resolve.
And then ambition with its lust Of
pelf and place and power, longing to
put upon it's breast distinction's worth
less badge. The keener thoughts of
men and eyes that see behind the
smiling mask of craft-flattered no
more by the obsequious cringe of gain
and greed-knowing the uselessness of
boarded gold-of honor bought from
those who charge usury of self-respect
-of power that only bends a towards
knees and forces from the lips of fear
the lies of praise. knowing at last the
unstudied- gesture of esteem, the rev.
erent eyes made. rich with honest
thought and holding high above all
other things-high ais hopes great
throbbing star above the darkness of
the dead-the love Of wife and child
and friend.
Then locks of gray and growing love
of other days and Aforementioned
things-holdfng the withered hands of
those who first held his, while over
dim and loving eyes death softly
presses down the lids of rest. And so,
locking in marriage vows his children's
hands and crossing others on the
breast of peace, with daughters babes
upon his knees, the white hair min
gled with the gold, he journeys on
from day to day to. that horizon
where the dusk is waiting for the night
AT last,-sitting by the holy hearth
of home as evenings embers change
from red to gray, he falls asleep within
the arms of her who worshipped and
adored, feeling upon his pallid lips
loves last and holiest kiss.
The labor world., 1899-10-21
INDICATIONS Of a fight by the ex-

INDICATIONS Of a fight by the ex-
press companies against the inter-
= national parcels post system are ap-
parent, the inevitable result Of which
will be the authorization of domestic
istence which limits the weight OF a
package sent through the domestic
mails to four pounds, while the parcels
post system permits citizens of a for
/; eign nation with which a treaty has
been made to mail a package to this
country weighing II pounds and Amer
lean citizens may mail parcel of the
same weight out of the country.
The express companies say the post
master. general had no authority for
making d post parcel treaty with Ger
many which allowed foreigners to send
n-pound parcels through the Unite d
States mails,while citizens of this coun
try are permitted to mail domestic par
GELS Weighing four pounds only
The postmaster general says he had
authority for making. the agreement
to let the heavier package go through
the mails. This is found in the act
authorizing the International parcels
post.
From the beginning the express COM
panies were unfriend1y to the system
and interposed many obstacles which
came near upsetting the agreement.
Now they threaten to carry the matter
to congress, and bitter fight is ex-
pected. next winter. If these COM
panies carry out their threats congress
will beyond all doubt authorize a do
mestic parcels post, instead of lesis-
lating the international System out Of
business
The express companies have made
many enemies by their action i'll COM
pelling the public to pay the internal
revenue tax on parcels, which congress
undoubtedly intended the companies
should pay.
If these common carriers attempt to
cripple the International parcels post
congress will, it is believed, respond
with a domestic system which will cut
a thick slice from the dividends Of
these companies.
The labor world., 1899-10-21
WHO?
by GeneVra Lake.

Bowed by another's lust for power,
Bent with another's greed for gold,
Upon his brow the storm clouds lower,
His hand is stiff, his limbs are cold.
Who made him thus-the thing Of clay,
The Wild-eyed man with weary
frame?
Who blotted out the light of day
A man in nothing save name?
Who quenched the light and stilled the
hope
Which leads to God and noble life?
Who gave to him the broken rope
To pull himself from wrong and
strife?
Yea, who of all the motley throng
Who dance and sing in earth today,
Who preach and pray 'gainst lust and
wrong,
Who felled this man-this lump Of
clay?
Give answer back, We hollow hearts,
Whose heads are filled with ancient
lore,
Give answer til the great God starts
And stamps it's wisdom taught Of
yore,
'Tis ye who revel at the feast,
'Tis We who swing in careless ease;
'Tis ye who live from earth's Increase
Ye mold the souls with forms like
these.
'Tis ye who main, and cleave, and
tear
The muscle and the brittle bone;
'Tis We who fill the world with care,
And mock the waves with wilder
moan.
Oh, cease your query, false as base,
Nor ask who turned his forehead
slant;
Perform his toll and your fine face
Will be as rough, your form as gaunt.
Get We in line, and dig and faint,
Or stand by tasks when hours more
slow,
Then know, false world, your grue-
some plant
Is naught to him who Yields the
hoe.
Get We, yourselves the things We need;
Your dwelling, raiment, bed and
food;
If ye are honest, take the lead,
And change your light for his dark
mood.