davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-10-20

There is to be special session of cour,
at Neche on the 23rd to hear the testi.
mony in the McGuinn land case.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-10-20

Asculapius cures that awful pain
called headache. Csc at the drug store.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-10-20

Two Seated Carriage.
A good two-seated carriage, almost
new, cheap. If JIM. CHISHOLM.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-10-20

We thank many friends for thei,
promptness in returning the "billie- dues
that we sent out last week. P. S.-We
have large store OF thanks remaining
tor similar purposes. Send in and get
your share.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-10-20

A. H. Gawley is excavating celia,
preparatory to building residence or
the lot formerly occupied by the Presby
terrain church.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-10-20

Archie Buie is fitting up the former
residence of Deputy Treasurer Douglas
preparatory to moving in. Mr.. Douglas
is now residing on his farm next to the
city limits.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-10-20

The Cineograph exhibition next We'd
nesday has splendid variety of war
scenes. Company c Of Grafton, Manila,
etc. Prices S and 25 cents, children
under II years Is cents. Seats at Shorts.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-10-20
FRIDAY MORNING, OCT. 20, 1893
Local.
The Cineograph next Wednesday.

Everybody is going into the banking
business.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-10-20
Died

PURDy-At Kansas City, Mo-, Ralph,
son Of Lewis Purdy, aged 5 years.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-10-20

Mr.. Russell has ordered new boiler
tor his electric light works and expects
1t here tomorrow or Sunday and hopes to
have things in running order by the mid
die OF next week. Meantime, we begin
to appreciate the worth and convenience
OF electricity in lighting.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-10-20

Andy Johnson was in the city a fev
days last week. He had just returne,
from Manitoba where he had been look
ing after his farming interests. Whil
here he purchased the meat market bust
ness carried on for the last year or tw,
by A. Reconsideration Record.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1899-10-20

Said Mickey Finn to the patrons of
OShaughnessy's bar room: "Me by is
Studying fwot he calls ke-mist-ree, but
OF think it's dom humbug. He said last
mott that if he TUX one bottle of oxy-gin
an two of hydero-gin, that thin he could
make water. Oh said nothing, but OF
thought any dom tool knew that without
going to a school to learn it.-Nelson
County Independent.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-06-11
ORIGIN OFF THE MENU CARD.

It was the Duke Henry of Brunswick
who was first observed in the intervals
of a banquet to scan carefully strip Of
paper by the side of his plate, and when
the curious guests ventured to inquire
into the nature of his studies he eX-
planned that it was a sort of programme
of the dishes which he had commanded
from the cook, to the intent that if
some delicacy which especially appeal
ed to him was marked for late stage in
the repast he might carefully reserve
his appetite for it.
The simplicity and excellence of the
idea instantly appealed to the good
dukes guests, and the menu card from
that moment became an institution. In
it's old fashioned form the bill was usu-
ally written large on cards of such di-
mansions that room for only one card
could be found at each board. This was
in 1900. And this aid to selection must
have been boon, for the medieval din
ner was a mine of surprises. 1t was di-
vided into courses, whereas nowadays
the diner has a general idea that fish
will follow soup, and that the entree
will be succeeded by a roast or its
equivalent. There was no knowing
what was going to happen at an early
English dinner or in what order il
would be served.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-06-11

business depression, and today Cuba il
in precisely the condition of huge fac
tory or a huge farm without hands to
carry on the hunadrum toll that is
there waiting for the laborer. His ex-
periences as soldier of fortune have
untitled the native Cuban for the mo-
notonous life of day laborer. AS
things now are in Cuba worker during
the summer months receives for field
labor on the sugar plantations about
SIT month. Out of this he must pay
at least $3.50 month for the cost of liv-
ing, and living in no luxurious manner
at that. His day begins at in the
morning and lasts until at night. His
food is of the coarsest. and his accom-
modations are such as might be given
to cattle in this country.
It is such facts and such conditions as
these that the American reconstruction
of Cuba has to face when he undertakes
the regeneration of this unfortunate is
land. Mr.. Robert Porter, the special
commissioner for the United States,
who made long and exhaustive inves-
tigation into actual conditions in the is
land. has come to the decision that it is
to the American negro that we are to
look for the future salvation of Cuba.
The negro. he thinks, will become the
Cuban workman of the future. With
the establishment of the new rule and
the new order of things there will come
new respect for the workman, and the
degradation of labor. so completely and
absolutely effected by the aristocratic
Spaniard. will be gradually eliminated
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-06-11
JAPANESE LEARN NEW TRADES.

One of the most interesting features
growth of the technical and business
schools. The japanese are just begin
ming to recognize their value. In former
years sons always followed the trade of
their fathers, business and mechanical
enterprises went in families, and there
were few exceptions. If man was a
weaver, you would find that his ances-
tors had been weavers as far back as
any one could trace them, and his
brothers and sisters and sons and
daughters followed the same occupa-
ton The same was true of all artisans,
soldiers, merchants and agricultur-
lists. Country boys never went to the
cities, but continued to cultivate the
ground, and that explains why the
farms of Japan are so minute in area
and are cut up into little tracts not
bigger than a handkerchief, as a lady
writer said.
But under the impulse of foreign in
fluence and the tendency to imitation
new industries have been introduced
into Japan, and the labor of the people
is becoming diversified. This has en-
couraged the establishment of technical
and commercial schools, which have
increased very rapidly within the last
five years. In 1898 there were only %
in Japan, with 255 instructors 1884 stu
dents and 458 graduates. On Jan. 1,
1898, the number of schools had in
creased to IS, the instructors to 500,
the students to 10,111 and the graduates
to 22S
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-06-11

from the long idle island The idea that
workmen can be herded together like
cattle in shed and driven with whips
and curses and fed so much fodder like
so much live stock is not exactly the
American method Of looking upon 'The
Man With the Hoe" The introduction
Of education, Of religion, of humanity,
will irresistibly follow the advent of the
stars and stripes. and with them will
come new and different way of look
ing upon labor. 1t Is in this way, it is
believed by those most fitted to Judge,
that the labor problem which now looms
UP on the horizon Of Cuban history Of
the future will be solved.
But before that is done there is one
thing that must be brought about, and
brought about speedily-that is a more
sane and sanitary condition of the
towns and cities of this too long be-
nighted country. The United States,
one is proud to say, has tackled this
stupendous question with the most COM
mendable promptness and vigor. The
work of such men as the late Colonel
Waring and that work which is even
now going on so busily under the Amer
lean officials of the department of san
itation shows that we are realizing that
the greatest enemy to Cuban prosperity
and happiness is not her long maligned
climate. but the tetid slums and filth
which Spanish mIsgovernment venali-
ty and negligence left as deadly dow
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-06-11
THE REAL CUBA OF TODAY.

passionate desire for 'Liberty"-always
with capital Land this feeling may
be described as a natural reaction fol-
lowing after so many years of Spanish
oppression. 1t is among the commercial
and business circles that the desire for
annexation is strongest. Property own
ers and the industrial classes in general
profess to see the greatest future for
Cuba in annexation with and under the
jurisdiction of the United States be-
cause. obviously. of the stability of gov
eminent which would result from such
a relationship. But the general classes
of Cuba all seem hopelessly at sea with
regard to questions of politics.
On economic questions, however, the
people are pretty well agreed. The fore
most and vital industries of the island
are agricultural interests, and in these
the Cubans find no opposition or rivalry
among themselves. Spain for years did
much to warp and depress certain fea-
lures of these agricultural interests for
her own selfish home interests and
stroye to stimulate and build up artifi-
cial business enterprises. In the first
place, there is the labor problem 1t
was by the treaty of Vienna in 1915 that
Spain agreed to the clause relating to
the abolition of slavery in all her do
minions. but the Spaniard has always
had the habit of making golden prom
Uses and then straightway breaking
them.
SPANS slave trade. with all it's bar
barrie cruelties. was continued and Gu
ba especially became the scene of this
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-06-11

perniciouS traffic in human beings.
Slave trading in Cuba was a fiourishing
and profitable business, but it in time
assumed such awful proportions that
England, finding that Castilian pledges
We're not of the slightest avail, offered
Spain 81. 100000 in cold cash as sort of
compensation to the owners of Havana
slave factories if the traffic in human
flesh and blood would be discontinued.
England's trade with Cuba at that time
was proportionately greater than that
Of other European countries, so Spain
coolly took over the money and went on
with her slave trade. simply warning
the professors of the nefariouS vocation
to keep an eye open for British inspect
ors and inquisitive men-of-war. Their
tricks to obviate the fulfillment of their
agreement were many and cunning. and
the slave trade continued. Naturally
so long as this condition prevailed there
was no labor trouble in the island Of
Cuba. The land was rich, labor came
cheap. and the growing of sugar cane
and the running Of sugar mill were
very easy undertakings-at least very
easy for the planter. But 1t did not
take long for his day of general demon
alization to come about. While he ac-
quired wealth and his children were
usually educated abroad and spent their
time and money abroad as well, the
condition of the unfortunates who did
the actual work on the plantations con-
tinued to grow worse and worse. It was
not until 1869 that England succeeded
in putting stop to this state of affairs
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-06-11
ENGLAND,s STANDING ARMY.

Not a few military men will be sur
prised to hear that England possesses
no standing army" This point was
brought out by the lord chief justice the
other day when trying a case in which
a book compiler had unwittingly assert
ed that England had a standing ar
my" The learned judge was quite
wroth about the matter and indignant
ly pointed out that the army only ex-
listed by the will of parliament from
year to year and thus could never be
used by the sovereign as a means of OPP
preston, seeing that if the people did
not vote the supplies the machine must
necessarily tumble to pieces. Still there
is no doubt that the popular idea that
there exists a standing army is correct,
and the gallant gentlemen who now
hold commissions and look forward to
an honored old age, soothed with a
handsome pension, would be greatly dis
gusted to find that their hopes were ut
terly mythical.
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-06-11

and absolutely suspended the further
importation of slaves.
But the willy Spaniard was not to be
worsted. When the slave trade ceased,
the traffic in coolies began. Shiploads
of these Chinese coolies were brought
over to Cuba under an eight year con-
tract and were practically sold to any
plantation owner who would care to
buy them. The price per man ranged
from $500 to $500. The treatment of these
contract laborers was quite as afro
cious as that of the-negro slaves, and
at last the Chinese government, slow
enough to take action in all such things.
was aroused into prohibiting the ex-
portation of any more such cody labor
to Cuba. Is
To work oneself Of course, was an
undying dishonor. Then Spanish peas
ants of the lowest type were brought
over and unintelligent Canary island
ers. but these quarreled with the native
Cuban laberers, and it began to dawn
on the wealthy planter that he could
not secure men to till his lands and op-
crate his mills.
The shortage Of labor brought about
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-06-11

seven months of the year 1898 there
were IL, 100 deaths out of a population OF
about 200, 900. American visitors in Ha-
Vana who have moved about the city
and looked merely upon the surface of
things there and seen the beautiful
parks and the brilliant cafes and the
tree lined drives with their pleasure
loving crowds dressed in natty white
duck and clean linen and indolently
smoking dainty little cigarettes, have
by no means seen the true side of Gu
ban life. Although the family life of
the best class of Cubans is more or less
wholesome and pleasant, there is al
ways the haunting fear of the deadly
yellow fever, malaria and the dozen and
one Affections which arise from a MAS
ma laden soil. For centuries Havana
has been haunted by it's bad smells, and
it cannot be expected that in one day
filth saturated soil is going to take on
the pleasant doors of a spring flower
before even its streets are all scraped
down. When a mans sense of smell is
offended, it is very hard for his remain
ing senses to be given over to unre-
served enjoyment, and his pleasures are
unsa tisfactory while his nasal organ is
still in revolt. So never, one might say,
has the Spaniard or the wealthy Cuban
been wholly at ease in the midst of his
gilded metropolitan life.
What the Americans have already
done for Santiago and are now doing
for Havana still remains to be done for
the smaller and lesser known towns
throughout the island. General Ludlow
has theoretically taken up the work left
unfinished by the tragic and ironical
death of Colonel Waring. and when the
sanitary conditions are such that
town need no longer be covered by a
warning contagion flag there will still
be plenty to do in the form of roadmak-
ing, bridge building and school estab-
fishing. In this latter item in recon-
struction work great progress has al
ready been made, but the native Cuban
is stubborn material upon which to
work. The lower class Cuban, with his
stunted idea of moral and civic respon-
Sibility, sees no reason why he should
not send two of his children to a public
school and get them out of the way for
the day even though three remaining
children are i'll at home with measles or
some other even more infectious disease.
With good roads and good schools, good
courts must go along as a natural ac-
compartment. General Brooke is now
struggling with this problem, and ev-
erything is as promising in a judiciary
sense as it is in a sanitary way
One important branch of work being
carried on here which it would be
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-06-11

town and clamor for bread and mon
ey. Along these railway lines them
selves station houses have been burned
tracks torn UP, bridges destroyed and
freight cars appropriated for habita-
tons. Shadows of what once were uni
formed soldiers stand about dilapidated
blockhouses in disconnected looking
and Wobegone groups. The island
seems like an empty husk from which
the last drop of vitality and life has
been squeezed.
This, then, is the country which I'm
Gle Sam is to reconstruct These are
the people whose burdens we are taking
and up to whom we are giving our 3d.
600 900 in good American money simply
as sop thrown to a military Cerberus.
Whatever ultimate form the govern
ment of Cuba may assume, the respon-
sibility for the regeneration of that war
swept country and the question of it's
commercial and industrial reconstruct
ton must rest with us Americans who
have already shown ourselves as not
incapable of facing dark problems. It
is of course just before the dawn that
the night seems darkest, and if the task
of cauterizing old standing Spanish cor
ruption sores seems thankless under
taking just at the present there are all,
ready signs that, better things are on
the way for CubaSand her people. 8
During the laying down of arms by
the native soldiers there have been
many expressions of dissatisfaction and
many disturbing scenes, but the idle
soldier, stepped in the vagabondage of
a few years of guerrilla warfare, is
scarcely to be taken as a criterion of
native feeling as whole. The more in
dustrious native who has no chance of
making his voice heard in the general
clamor is tired of unrest and anarchy
and warfare and is glad to welcome a
power that will bring about more or
dered state of affairs. In fact there are
today no less than three distinct polt-
zeal parties in Cuba, the first of which
might be said to favor absolute and i'm
mediate annexation to the United
States; the second party, which advo-
Gates nominal independence under an
American protectorate, and a third
class, who are crying for immediate and
unconditional independence. There can
not, of course, be said to exist in Cuba
any particular and well defined plan for
the reorganization of the island to
which any one large section Of the pop
ulation amicably agrees. Each class
has its own panacea, and in each there
is a natural touch of selfish interest.
There is a general i'll defined but no less
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-06-11

ry to the coming owners of the island.
So putrid is the harbor of Havana that
enlightened captains will not, except in
Choir into it's Shiny bottom, for if that is
done the anchor must be cleansed and
disinfected before it can be slowed on
board ship again. According to the re-
port of the American commissioner,
there is not a city, town or village in
the entire island that is not lamentably
lacking in good water, good drainage
and good health. Although wonders
have already been done in the improve
ment of the sanitary condition of the
island in general and the cities in par
ticular. it is only an infinitesimaI frac-
ton of the amount of work still to be
accomplished.
In the city Of Havana, for instance,
although drainage is being put in and
the ceSspools of the Spanish regime are
being removed as fast as possible, the
poor of the city are still living huddled
together in Ill built and absolutely TN
ventilated houses. Garbage is still
dumped into the highways and byways
about the city. Cuban heads as well as
Cuban houses will have to be ventilated
before the proper state of things sani-
tary exists in the island. Following all
this gross and criminal negligence on
the part of former rulers, the inevitable
result has come about. When the Ha-
vana department of sanitation prepared
for and presented to the American Off
Gals a compilation of the city death
rate. 1t showed that during the first
The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905, 1899-06-11
MAGNIFICENT ROYAL GEMS.

When Queen Victoria gratifies a Lon
don dealer in precious stones by COM
nand to attend at Windsor or Osborne,
he finds that he has to do with very
shrewd, intelligent purchaser. She has
in her possession a wonderful collection
| Of precious stones, among which is a
marvellous green diamond of great value
which has never been set.
! Her majesty has the history of every
famous stone which belongs to Euro
pean royalty at her fingers ends. Four
beautiful and unrivaled sapphires equal
in size and luster to the one that CLOVIS
/ in the crown of England, are the prop
erty of the queen of SaXOny. The Com
Jesse de Paris too, possesses a magnif-
cent parure of sapphires, coronet, neck
! lace, bracelets, brooch and earrings.
The stones are very large and set with
exquisite diamonds.
! The finest pearl necklace in the world
belongs 20 the Countess Henckel and is
valued at more than $50 coo. 1t is COM
posed of three famous necklaces, each
of great value in itself. One, known as
/ the necklace of the Virgin of Atokha.
was bought by the countess from a
Spanish grandee for e12, 900. Another
was once owned by Marie Sophie, ex-
queen of Naples. and the third was the
Empress Eugenie's state necklace, which
was sold for G20 coo.
The queen of Italy also owns a superb
necklace consisting of several rows of
pearls which are so costly and so rare
that her maids are always obliged to
wear a portion of the collection in order
to assist her majesty in keeping the
! beautiful gems pure, lustrouS and
healthy by constant contact with warm
flesh. King Humbert buys the pearls
for his wife, presenting her with one
row each year, and he, like Queen We
toria. is an expert in jewels. These
pearls are only excelled by those once in
the possession of Queen Mary Of Han
over, now the property of her daughter
in-law, the Duchess of Cumberland,
which form a string more than six feet
long Every one OF these lovely beads
is an absolute match in shape and color.
The late empress of Austria possessed
the best collection of black pearls in eX-
istence, as we'll as the biggest emerald.
and a necklace of the same stones
which is quite unrivaled. These enler-
aids are crown property. as are the
pearls of Queen Margherita.
The empress of Russia wears, second
to her royal grandmother. the largest
diamond ana mas also d COLLECTION VI III
bes of surprising splendor, though the
richest and the most beautiful aggrega-
| ton of precious stones is owned by the
Russian church. All the queens of Eu-
rope do not own jewels to half the value
of those set in the statues, crosses, al
/ tars and vestments at the cathedrals Of
Moscow and st. Petersburg. The favor
! lite wives of the shah of Persia and the
sultan wear turqUoises the like of which
no western queen can boast. The Ouch
ess of Westminster now wears the lar
gest and most perfect turquoise, being
| f1awless. owned by any private person,
/ and the Duchess of Sutherland is the
| happy possessor of the only complete
necklace of black pearls.