davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20

Gross earnings OF the Chicago Great
Western Railway for the month Of
June were $5l5, 94722. The same month
last year they were $3.50, l60,97. The
increase was $126,78625. With the
month OF June the Great Western
closes its fiscal year with gross earn
ings for the year $5,858, 903.44, show
ing an increase over the previous year
$3.50, 5S8.35
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20

If you cannot battle in the ocean,
be content with the wnShtub.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20
Halls CatRrrh Cure
Is a constitutional cure. Price, 100.

An independent fortune makes an
independent woman.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20
W. N. u, Des Moines, No. 2o.-rsoo

The palm leaf, unlike some pugiIists,
never loses ITS wind.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20

The most grasping person often
draws the line at taking advice.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20
An Excellent Combination.


The pleasant method and beneficial
effects of the well known remedy,
SYRUP OF FIas, manufactured by the
CALIFORNIA Fro SYRUP Co., illustrate
the value OF obtaining the liquid laxa-
tive principles OF plants known to be
incidentally laxative and presenting
them in the form most refreshing to the
taste and acceptable to the system. It
is the one perfect strengthening laxa-
tive, cleansing the system effectually,
dispelling colds, headaches and fevers
gently yet promptly and enabling one
to overcome habituGl constipation per-
manently. Its perfect freedom from
every Objectionable Quality and sub
stance, and it's actinT ca the kidneys,
liver and bowels, W.,&CIt weakening
or irritating them, make it the ideal
laxative.
In the process of manufacturing figs
are used, as they arc Pleasant to the
taste, but the medicinal ,iualities of the
remedy are obtained from SIENNA and
other aromatic plant, by method
known to the CALIFORNIA FIG SYRUP
Co. only. In order to get its beneficial
effects and to avoid limitations, please
remember the full name of the Company
printed on the front of every package.
CALIFORNIA FIG SYRUP CO.
SAN FRANCISCO. CAL.
LOUISVILLE. Ky. NEW YORK, NJ Y.
For sale by all Druggists-Price Soc. per bottle
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20

Goes Cough Balsam
II the oldest and best. II win break up cold quickc
than any hing else. II In always reliable. Try It,
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20

Are You Using Aliens Foot Ease?
1t is the only cure for Swollen,
Smarting, turning, Sweating Feet,
CornS and BupiOns. Ask for Allen =
Foot Ease, powder To be shaken into
the shoes. At all Druggists and Shoe
Stores, 35c. Sample sent FREE. Adj
dress. A Hen =. Olmsted, Leroy, n. Y.
One often strikes u conrS" dinner
where no style is looked for, only you
do not spell it that way.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20

A dogs faithfulness makes one for.
get mans unfaithfulncsS.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20
CINE EAcN TO LEE.

Here is a picture of Cora Landon of
Hartford, the wife OF lieutenant in
the United States navy. She died re-
Gently, but returned to life just as abe
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20

Shake into your shoes, Aliens Foot
Ease, powder for the feet 1t makes
tight or New Shoes feel Easy. Cures
Corns. Bunions, Swollen, Hot and
Sweating Feet. At all Druggists and
Shoe Stores. csc. Sample sent FREE.
Address Allen S. Olmsted, Leroy,
n. Y.
1t is not the largest family that has
the biggest washing.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20
AAreNou
Ever ! = .
Depressed

And Is il not due to nervous
exhaustion? Things always
look so much brighter when we
are in good health. How can
you have courage when suffer
ing with headache, nervous
prosration and great physical
weakness?
Would you not like TO be rid
of this depression Of spirits7
How? BY removing the
cause. BY taking
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20
Mrs. windows SOOTHING syr,

For children teothing, softens tho gums reduces IN.
domination anvS pain, cures wind collie. 25G bottle.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20
An Amendment.

VIII, work and witchery aid one in
this world.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20

House furnishing is delightful!
pastime for some.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20

twin
w he
5 en-
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20
COLUMBIA MAY NOT MEET SHAMROCK AFTER ALL

'-"' ~F.~.'r,s'>. 's's"'~s".
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20

the
|yyTl
for
! this
FSli
4 ! ] III
C)llrs
lose
. VI
and
an,
he
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20

|tev-
the
hey
Ind.
this
" to
| red
land
b my
loan
|C)Ill.
NJ
lied
He'd,
to
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1899-07-20

1t gives activity to all parts "
that carry away useless and
poisonous materials from your 4
body. 1t removes the cause Of -
your suffering, because it re- al
moves all impurities from your
blood. Send for our book on
Nervousness.
y To keep in good health you
must have perfect action OF the
bowels. Ayers Pills cure con-
stipation and biliousness.
Write 10 our Doctors. Az
Perhaps you would like to consult r.
some eminent physicians about your
condition. Then write us freely all the 10
particulars In your case. You will re-
cetve prompt reply. without cost.
Address, DIR. j. c. AVER. VA
Lowell. Mass.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25
Mid Winter Excursions to Washing
ton--Very Low Rates.

The Baltimore and Ohio railroad
has made arrangements tor a series of
popular mid-winter excursions to
Washington, at one fare for the round
trip, allowing ten day limit On tickets
including date of sale. These excur-
sions will be run Feb. FL, March 2,
and April Is, 1899. Tickets will be
good going on regular trains of the
above dates aud good to return on
regular trains within ten days, includ-
ing day of sale.
Do not miss these splendid oppor-
tunities to visit the National Capital
during the session OF Congress. Call
on G. w. Santman, Agent B. & O..
R. R., tor full information.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25
Fire in Winchester.

Fire was discovered in the lower
floor of the Winchester carriage
works at Winchester. shortly after 6
o'clock Monday evening, and before
the flames were extinguished over
$4,000 damage had been done. The
fire department was paralyzed from
the start. A pair of the Sarah Zane
Fire Engine company's horses baked
in front of the burning building which
was the fiercest fire ever known here
and then stood and roasted nearly to
death while attached to a hose car
rage, which was also badly damaged.
Over twenty fremen were badly
burned during the fire.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25
The Sure La Grippe Cure.

There is no use suffering from this
dreadful malady. if you will only gel
the right remedy. You are having pain
all through your body, your liver is
out of order, have no appetite, no life
or ambition, have a bad cold in fact are
completely used up. Electric Bi.ters is
the only remedy that will give you
prompt and sure relief. They act di,
rectly on your Liver, Stomach and Kid
neys. tone up the whole system and
make you feel like a new being. They
are guaranteed to cure or price refund
ed For sale at Matthaei's Pharmacy,
only so cents per bottle.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25

The New York Herald is authority
for the statement that Secretary Alger
will soon resign. 1t is altogether
probable that no other Cabinet officer
has ever been the recipient of so much
unmaited abuse. II in the years past
the newspapers which have nagged
him so persistently, had devoted their
attention to the parsimony ct Demo
cratic members of Congress, there
would have been no cause for com
plant. The War Department would
have been prepared for war, soldiers
would not have suffered and the char.
acter of the Nation would not have
been furnished.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25
Dangers of the Grip.

The greatest danger from La Grippe
is of its resulting in pneumonia. II
reasonable care is used, however, and
Chamberlain's Cough Remedy taken,
all danger will be avoided. Among
the tens of thousands who have used
this remedy tor la grippe we have yet
to learn of a single case having re-
suited in pneumonia. which shows
conclusively that this remedy is a
certain preventive of that dangerous
disease. 1t will cure la grippe in less
time than any other treatment. 1t is
pleasant and safe to take. For sale
at Matthaei's Pharmacy.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25

Our very good and exceedingly YER
satile friend, Charming Smith, of Par
kersburg, has gotten out another is
sue of his Index. The Index is al
ways interesting, and this latest is
sue is especially so. Charming is a
bachelor, per Sc, but claims, and right
", too, to be the father of the Indus
trial School for Girls, one of the most
deserving Of our State institutions. II
he should accomplish nothing more,
his fame as a philanthropist is secure
but Charming is a born reformer and
will only cease his efforts when the
grave claims him.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25

ACTIVE SOLICITORS WANTED EVERY.
n WHERE for The story Of the Philip
pines'' by Murat Halstead. commissioned by
the Govern ment as tlffic al Historian to the
War Department. The book was written in
army camps at san Francisco. on the Pacific
with Genera Merritt. In the hospitals at
Honolulu. in Hong Kong in the American
trench s at Manila. IN the insurgeDt camps
with Agulnaldo. on the deck of the Olym ola
with Dewey, and In the roar of battle at the
fall of Manila. BOnanza for agents. Brimful
of original pictures taken by government t
photographers IN the spot. Large book.
Low prices. Big profits. Freight paid.
Drop il trashy unofficial war BOOKS Outfit
free. Address, f.. t. barber, Sec'y., Star In
surance Bldg, Chicago. 30
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25

We publish in full the admirable
speech delivered by President McKin-
ley, in Boston, last Thursday evening.
1t is an address that should be read
by every American. AS the Herald
is the only paper in this section which
will publish it, we ask all readers to
lend their papers to neighbors and
friends SO that as many as possible
may know the position of the Presi.
dent upon the momentous issues
growing out OF the war.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25

This has SO far been the mildest
Winter New England has had for
many years, yet there has been splen-
did sleighing since Thanksgiving.
In Maine there is about three feet OF
snow on the level fields and about a
foot, packed solid as ice, on the roads
On ma1.y Of the small lakes the ice is
three feet thick. The average tenn
p~erature for the Winter has not been
as low as that of this city.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25
Some Rare Pansies.

To give Il readers an opportunity
to test their famous Pansy Seeds,
Messrs. May & Co., the we'll known
seed growers of st. Paul, Minnesota,
will mail their Giant Pansy Collection
to any person sending them only ten
cents in silver or stamps. This COL
lection consists Of the following five
rare varieties, put up in five separate
packets. lover 500 seeds) enough for a
large pansy bed: Improved Snow
Queen, white; the Shah, bronz colored;
Gorgeous dark brownish red; Swanley
Blue, delicate lavender blue; German
Prize Mixed, a superb mixture Of
choice varieties. Send ten cents for
the pansy collection and give them
the names and address Of four persons
who buy seeds, and they will include
free a packet of the Horn Poppy. Or
each packet will be printed full cul.
tural instructions.
For only one dollar they will mail
thirty packets of different kinds o.
choice vegetable seeds and send free a
heavy three blade farmers cattle knife.
Their handsomely illustrated cata-
logue will be mailed free on applica.
ton to any one who intends to pur.
chase seeds this spring. Be sure and
mention our paper when writing May
n Co.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25
PUBLIC SALE
OF VALUABLE
PERSONAL PROPERTY.

The undersigned having bought a
small farm, will sell at his present resi-.
dence, situated on the Warm Spring
road, 5 miles west of Martinsburg. on
what is known as the s. S. Cunningham
farm, on
Tuesday, February IS, 1900,
commencing at 0 o'clock sharp, the fol-
lowing property to-wit:
IS Head of Horses and Colts,
6 of which are fine barshare leaders, 5 A
No. / wagon leaders, | very fine pair of
bay horses, Clydesdale stock, will weigh
from 400 to 1900, are thoroughly broken
to work wherever hitched; 2 fine mares
in foal, by a Clydesdale horse. will weigh
14O0 each; / fine 5-year-old driving
horse, fine action and style; 3 3-year-
old colts, broken to drive single or double;
2 fine 2.year. old colts, l extra fine; the
above stock has good eyes, perfectly
sound and without a blemish, and no
better in the county of Berkeley.
SIS Head of Cattle,
Z of which are mich cows; 5 will be fresh
by day of sale; ! thoroughbred Durham
heifer, eligible to register; | thoroughbred
Durham bull, 2 years old this coming
spring; / fine Jersey heifer, will be fresh
by day of sale; 40 A No. / young steers,
will run from 800 to 500 lbs; remainder
thrifty young heifers, (all the cattle are
dehorned)~
Al Head of Fine Ewes,
all will have lambs by day of sale, South
down and Cotswold, 2 fine Shropshire
bucks, 2 years old, and
Farming Implements.
TERMS OF SALE: A credit of 0 months
will be given on all sums of $40 and up
wards, purchaser to give note with APP
proved security, negotiable and payable
at the Peoples National Bank of Mar
t%insburg, with interest from date; if paid
at maturity, interest RENTED. Under
$40 cash. No property removed until
terms are complied with.
JOHN ID. FELKER.
j. w. DoDD, A%uctioneer.
j. + ROBERTS, Clerk.
No postponement on account of
weather.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25

Senatorial contests are still on TOP
in Pennsylvania, California, Nebras-
ka, Delaware and Utah. The Legis-
latures of the iour States first named
are Republican and should long since
have chosen Republican Senators.
The political ambition of no man or
set of men should jeopardize the well
fare of the Nation or the integrity of
the party to which they claim allegi-
auce.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25
NON-PARTISANSHIP IN HUNICi-
PAL. MATTERS.

The Statesman is ia favor Vi d non-
partisan citizens ticket for the next
CITY election. The Herald is inclined
to think the proposition a good one,
i Z vii, result in placing first class
business men in the City Council. If
men of the caliber of George S. Hill,
of the Second ward, and Alexander
Parks, of the Third ward, can be in
duced to accept, and if a sufficient
number will join the movement to in
sure success, we are quite certain a
man can be found in each ward who
will measure up to the standard indi
Gated above, to give us a council fully
competent to successfully grapple with
the problems with which the city is
confronted.
The present is a most propitious
time to organize a movement that
will eventually lift the city out Of the
mife. In the business world the best
men are chosen to fill responsible pc
sitions,, why should not a like rule
apply to municipal affairs? The ward
heller and the bum are always at the
front in municipal contests. All par
ties are cursed with them and all par.
ties cater to them. Business men
stand aloof. This should not be. AS
a rule bipartisan movements are
failures, for the reason that there is
no such thing as a non. partisan. Ev
cry mar is a partisan. But it is pos
sible to organize a movement thai
shall have for its object the welfare o
the city, in which partisans can joit
and. adopting partisan methods, sue
coed.
Such a movement must be sincere
II will not win, if it is even remotel'
apparent that some one is striving t
gain a partisan advantage.
We are glad the Statesman raise,
the question and shall accept 1t a
sincere until there is proof to the cor
trary. AS the Statesman suggests, lie
us talk it up.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25

Having sold my farm, and intending Il
discontinue farming, | will sell all m,
stock and farming implements at m,
home, / mile east of Jones Spring, ant
0 miles west of M%artinsburg, in Bacl
Creek Valley, on
Wednesday, rlarch +, 1890,
commencing at IL o'clock, a. m, sharp
the following property to-wit:
8 Head of Horses.
3 of which are good brood mares, l mare
in foal. 5 are good barshare leaders, OF
will work wherever hitched. l fine driv'
er, safe for anyone to drive. | colt
years old. These horses are young and
have good eyes and limbs.
10 Head of Cattle,
8 of which are Jersey cows, 5 will be
fresh by day of sale. 1 Durham bull, 2
years old, balance thrifty young cattle.
10 Head of Sheep,
fine young South Downs, with lambs by
their side.
7 Head of Hogs,
China sows, 1 will have pigs by day of
SAFE. i tH~OTOuRuUItu L Olhliu 0ulHd DOdT,
balance thrifty shoats.
Farming Implements.
/ f%our-horse Champion wagon, 4-inch
tread; 1 two-horse Studebaker wagon,
new; l buggy, Heller's make; Deering
binder, in good order; Deering Ideal
mower, Pennsylvania grain drill, horse
rake, 2 Buckeye cultivators, 4 barshare
plows. 2 Oliver Chilled, l South Bend, |
No. so Root, 2 single and four double
shovel plows, 2 pair grain ladders, one
20 and the other IS fl. long, / spring
l corn cover, 2 sets Yankee harness, 3
pillow gears, 8 collars, 8 brides, / four
check lines, 8 leather halters. single,
double and thrible trees, forks, hoes,
mattocks, digging irons, cross cut
etc. 200 bushels merchantable corn,
5 tons clean timothy hays blacksmiths
tools, 3 barrels good vinegar, 2 years old;
lot of old iron. Household and Kitchen
There will positively be no
by-b.ddiDg. Everything must be sold.
TERMS OF SALE.-A credit of 8 months
will be given on all sums of so and up
purchaser to give note with ap-
security, negotiable and payable
At the Merchants and Farmers Bank of
Martinsburg, with interest from date, but
If paid at maturity, interest will be re-
All sums under $40, cash. No
property to be removed until settled for.
@. N. STUCKEY.
J. w. DoDD, A~uctioneer.
j. F. ROBERTS, JAMES SNYDER, Clerks.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25
, 81 3
sale of plaids

Several thousand dollars worth
being sacrificed.
rs cent silk and wool and vel
our Plaids 35c. yard-the velour
Plaids at this price are 46 inches
wide.
lac American Plaids 63c yard
good, useful kind.
Double width Plaids 10, 90,
25c, to $1.50.
Checks also csc to 75c.
Lot of fine silk and wool neat
hobby plaids IS cent quality SIC
rs inches wide-handsome for
waists and children's dresses.
Losing money selling Plaids
this way-but we've too many
and all who buy will get such
values as will pay them we'll
and will make us lots of future
business.
Have us send samples-you'll
be surprised and pleased.
All who are planning for
early spring sewing will find it
of advantage to send and see
what nice new madras ging-
hams, l0c, 15c, 20c,-fine Mad
ras and Novelties csc and Soc.
Largest assortment of these
and other new wash goods SC to
Sl.25-you'll find anywhere to
select from-the less prices here
a feature.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25

The Richie Gazette wants to know
if Senator Faulkner is coming into the
Republican party. We are unable to
supply the information desired, but
we do know that Senator Faulkner is
much too broad and intellectual to be-
long to any such moribund aggrega-
ton as the Democratic party OF this
State.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25

Washington's Birthday was cele-
brated in divers manners and by per-
sons of great diversity of opinion.
The Father OF His Country was a
truly great man, but it is difficult to
imagine how he possessed and pro-
mulgated all of the diverse views now
attributed 10 him.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25

Since the Filipinos are SO guileless,
Otis and Dewey must be in error
about the attempt to burn and loot
Manila. 1t is in order for the aunt
les" to explain the conduct of their
allies.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25

Mr.. Jas. Tobin had a warrant
sworn out for the arrest of Ed. Vol
gamott on Saturday. on the charge
that Volgamott had threatened to kill
him. He was given a hearing before
Justice Byers Monday evening and
bound over to keep the peace for one
year, under a bond of 500. Both
men live near the mountain.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25

Let US hope John McGraw will re-
tain his hold upon the Democratic
machine in this State. We know of
no one more competent than he 10
totally wreck the concern.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25

From what we have seen OF the pro-
posed election law, we are of opinion
it is a fairly good measure. No mat
ter what it is, it cannot avoid being
superior to the existing fraud breed
ing monstrosity.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25
An Honest nedicine for La Grippe.

George w. Watt, of South Gar.
diner, Me-, says: 81 have had the
worst cough, cold, chills and grip and
have taken lots of trash of no accoun.
but profit to the vendor. Chamber.
lain's Cough Remedy is the only
thing that has done any good what
ever. / have used one 5o.cent bottle
and the chills, cold and grip have al
left me. l congratulate the manufac.
turers of an honest medicine" For
sale at Matthaei's Pharmacy.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25

1t looks to us as if some persons
who persist in giving aid and comfort
to the insurgent Filipinos approach
very neal the borderland of treason.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25

The legislative committee appoint.
ed to visit the University found that
institution in a flourishing condition
and recommended the appropriation
of all the money called for by the fac
ulty.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25

One would suppose that John Nc
Graw would have enough, consider
ing the two drubbings he has recently
received.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25
Administrators Notice.

Having qualified as administrator of
Magdaline Kline, deceased, all per-
sons having claims against the estate are
notified to come forward and present
same, properly authenticated for settle
ment, and all persons knowing them
selves indebted to said estate by note or
otherwise are requested to come forward
and make settlement.
VIM. r. KLINE,
Admir- of Magdaline Kline, deceased
90
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1899-02-25

In the cotton goods boom we again
see that the masses are more than
willing to buy literally when they
have the money, The millions repre-
senting our vast exports of a~gricultur-
al and domestic products last year are
coming home to the dry goods mer-
chants counters. One is the more
amazed at the shortsightedness OF
those who, in the name of "home
Market" would belittle the inpor-
lance of export trade. AS sure as we
feed Europe's millions and supply
them with machinery is Europe bound
to furnish the where-with which will
enable every mechanics and farmers
family to have not only plenty of
needful clothing, but a well-illed
wardrobe of elegant spare garments
besides. This is the thought that
makes t~he..lcotton goods boom most
satisfying. and lends largely to its
promise of permanency.