davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-04-26

Utah has a salt trust. Every COM
pany Of any Importance within the bor-
ders of the state that produces the con-
diment has been gathered into one con-
crete organization. The last step was
accomplished when a deed was lodged
for record at Pennington On Monday.
conveying the Adams & IIieseI COM
panys plant at Syracuse to William Il.
Clarke, an agent Of the Salt company,
and resident of Kansas City.
Some days ago Mr.. Clarke bought for
his corporation the Deseret Salt COM
pany's works. This deed was also fled
on Monday. The companies now in
cluded in the trust are the Intermoun-
tain. the Inland Crystal, the Mt. Nebo,
the Adams & Kiesel and the Deseret.
1t is evidently the intention OF Mr.
Clarke and his associates to purchase
salt plants as soon as they become
large enough to enter into serious COM
petition with the monopoly.
There are twenty or thirty other con-
Germs doing business in a small way
on the east shore of the lake, but they
are not of sufficient Importance to SER
iously menace the operations of the
mammoth concern that is now safely
launched.
d. c. Adams, president of the Adams
& KieSel company, has been holding out
for some time against the blandish-
ments and propositions of the Inter-
mountain and Inland paople. Both of
these corporations, as well as the Mt.
Nebo, are practically the same. Fin
ally Mr.. Clarke shook a certified check
for 100000 at Mr. Adams ana he weak
ened. The transfer already detailed
followed
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-04-26
UTAH SALT TRUST
IN THE SADDLE
Another Industry COralled BY
a Combine.
%
FINAL CONSUMMATION
OF A BIG MONOPOLY
Syracuse and DeSeret Plants Have
Been Taken In.

Syndicate Now Controls Ninety-fve
Per Cent of the Salt Output Of the
state-Thirty Thousand Paid For
the Syracuse Plant-Mr. Clarke Of
Kansas City, An Agent of the
Inland Company, the Purchaser
Major Clayton skepical.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-04-26

positions and the strength of the op-
posing forces.
The secretary is rather hopeful that
the Filipinos will not be able to elude
the American forces this time. He be-
lieves that if large part of Agui-
naldo's army could be captured, the
termination of the fighting might be
near.
A cabinet officer said this afternoon
that the cabinet has at no time dis
cussed the subject of the future dis
position of the Philippines.
1T is the present that we are think
ing Of he said, land there is not the
slightest intention of deviating from the
present programme.
II believe it is the unanimous feeling
of the cabinet that nothing shall be
decided as to the future status of the
islands until we have placed them sat
isfactorily under the control of the
United States"
He said that every dollar and every
man necessary to bring the islands un-
der the domination of this country
would be used. When the insurgents
have recognized the power of the Unit
ed States, the question of their future
status will be taken up and discussed.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-04-26
MORE BLOOD OF UTAH SOLDIERS
is SHED ON PHILIPPINE SOIL
TWO UTAH MEN SHOT.
General Otis Reports Both As Ser
iously Wounded.

y y y 4
4 Washington, April 25.-Gen- :
\ eral Otis has furnished the war :
+ department with the following :
4 casualty list; .....
4 Killed.
\ First Nebraska:
4 April %, Colonel John NJ. Stot-
y senberg.
y Company K, Second Lieuten-
4 ant L. E. Sisson.
= Company B, Quartermaster :
\ Sergeant J. f. Storch.
\ Company H, Sergeant Charles
+ Meleck.
\ Fourth cavalry:
= Company 1. Privates William
+ B. Jackson. William D. Skinner.
+ Wounded.
y Utah artillery:
\ Battery A, Privates David ].
= Davids, leg, severe; John Abp-
= lanalp, head, severe.
Y First California:
Company D, Corporal C. NJ.
+ Davis, foot, slight.
+ Fourth cavalry:
\ Company K, Musician Charles
y Power, ankle, severe; Privates
\ Ralph Winter, buttock, severe;
+ Edward Quinn. shoulder, Sc
\ we're; John B. Carey, thigh,
= slight; Paddy O'Connor, head,
Y severe.
+ First Nebraska:
y Company H. First Lieutenant
\ William X. Moore. leg, moder-
+ ate.
\ Company B. Second Lieuten-
\ ant A. S. Wadsworth, leg, Sc :
+ we're; Privates William L. Rich
= ards, arm, severe.
y Company D, Lee Stoner, jaw,
4 severej Edwin O. Peterson,
= cheek, severe; James Richards,
y jaw, severe; Charles Swartz,
\ lilac region, severe.
+ Company F, John White, leg,
= moderate; Musician Walter F.
4 Tingley, neck, severe.
4 Company H, II. w. Liviat and :
\ Walter Elifritz, shoulder, Sc :
y we're; Guy Miner, leg, severe.
+ Company I, Edwin w. Gregg, :
+ forearm. severe; James Keenan,, :
4 buttock, severe; David Wilkins, :
= chest, severe; Sergeant Clyde :
= Vosburgh, lilac region, severe; :
y Corporals Dallas Henderson. leg. :
\ moderate.
= Company K, Harry Brookover, :
y arm, severe; Frank Fauki, leg, :
= severe; Privates Robert L. :
\ Smith, side, severe; William H. :
y Laru, hand, severe; Fred Gibbs, :
\ back, slight; Otto Hemp, leg, :
y slight; Eli Sisson, thigh, slight; :
+ James y. Alwen, knee, severe. :
= Company H, Orson E. Humph- :
\ rey, shoulder, severe; Sergeant :
y Horace Kennedy, chest, severe; :
= Corporal A. R. Chapman, fore :
+ arm, moderate. (
= Fifty-first Iowa:
\ Company E. Corporal E. Mar :
+ iner, forearm, severe; Lewis :
= Hunter, hand, severe. (
= Company L, Sergeant Carl <
y Gardiner, severe; Walter Lar :
\ sen, thigh, moderate; Robert L. <
\ Daley, dorsal region, severe. (
y Company NJ, Adrian Hackett, (
y leg, severe; Bert Thomas, thigh, <
= severe. (
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-04-26
Syracuse Property.

syracuse property
The property extends two or three
miles along the lake, and the natural
ponds that have been formed in the
lowlands near the shore line, are most
valuable in the production of salt, the
saline waters of the lake being pumped
into them and allowed to evaporate
leaving a thick layer of marketable
salt. The beds at Syracuse are, per-
hapS, the most valuable of any in Utah.
The deed was signed by D. c. Adams
and L. H. Farnsworth, president and
secretary, respectively, of the Adams
& Kiesel company.
The Deseret Salt company's works
and salt beds are west of Pennington.
They were bought with all Of their ma
Chinery. This purchase was made from
George Y. Wallace, who recently came
into possession of the cOInpany'S plant.
He bought it at a sheriff's sale to sat
isfy a judgment. The price paid. by
Mr.. Clarke for the property was $500.
Both of the tracts are close to rail-
roads, and the shipping facilities are
consequently hrst-class. The Oregon
Short Lines Syracuse branch runs 10
the salt beds at Syracuse, and side
tracks have been constructed, so that
cars may be loaded from The salt piles
that are built along the sides of the
ponds when the product is gathered.
Major Clayton skeptical.
Major Nephi w. Clayton, who is vice
president and general manager of the
Intermountain company. was inclined
to laugh to scOrn any idea that a salt
trust had been organized. As a matter
of fact, Major Clayton was shocked.
He knew of the purchases recently
made by Mr. Clarke. He knew also
that they included all that remained
in the line of competition for the In
termountain and Inland.
Major Clayton. while perfectly will
ing to admit that Mr. Clarke was the
agent for his company, was not inclin-
ed to say what induced him to buy so
freely He thought possibly OIr. Clarke
was purchasing the properties for him-
self. There are thirty or forty other
salt companies doing business on the
east shore of the lake" said Major
Clayton, finally, as if that did settle
it.
Major Clayton didn't so on and say
that the thirty or forty others hardly
get out enough salt to pickle l1eg Of
cucumbers or preserve u side of hog
meat. In most instances they are in
the hands of men who use all the salt
they make. and. therefore. are in no
sense competitors of the trust. Called
by whatever name one Dleases, the fact
remains that 80 per cent of the salt
produced in Utah is in the hands of a
few men. Prices will go UP or down
as they dictate, and the people viii do
the having.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-02-11

ciable creatures and they hunt in
f1ocks. The guano OF the Lobos ISL
ands is found in pockets covered with
layers Of sand which often vary in
thickness from two to fifteen feet. The
sand is shoveled off and the guaao is
then taken out. The guano is first
loaded on trucks and carried on a
tramway to the shore, where it is
transferred to the ships, to be taken to
Europe or America
Claim for Hundreds OF Millions.
When Humboldt visited South Amer
lea, in 1904, he called attention to the
value of the guano beds on the Chin
cha islands. They were then sixty feet
deep, and he said there was enough
manure on them to enrich the worn
out lands Of the old world. The de-
posits, however, were not thought to
be of value by the Peruyians until
nearly half century later, when
Frenchman named Cochet called atten-
ton to them and claimed one-third of
all the product by right of discovery.
He travelled from place to place and
picked out islands from which it is
said that more than $1,000, 200, 900
worth of guano was sold. He was de-
clared by the Peruvian congress as the
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-02-11
Where the Guano Comes from.

Where the Guano Comes from.
Nearly every one knows that guano
is the excrement Of birds. A sea gull,
which is one of the smallest Of the
guano-producing birds, will drop from
four to six ounces Of excrement day
and in the breeding season of ten
weeks about twenty-eight pounds.
Other birds produce more, and the
many little deposits throughout the
ages have made these vast quantities.
Guano has, however, other things
mixed with it. The material taken
from the beds is made up also of dead
seals, who crawl upon the guano rocks
to die. There are thousands of seal
skins mixed with the bird manure, and
not long ago 500 tons of such skins
were excavated from one guano de-
post. The birds which make the
guano are of many kinds. One of the
chief species is the pelican. 1 have
seen these ungainly, big-billed birds
in such focks that they fairly dark
ened the face of the ocean as they flew
over it. They feed upon the fishes.
The bills of the pelicans have great
bags of yellow skin under them and
they use these as nets to scoop up the
fish. They are the gluttons Of the
sea and air, and often gorge them
selves to such an extent that they can
not rise from the water, but remain
there until sufficient Of their food has
digested to tighten their weight About
the Lobos islands there are always mil
lions of pelicans. They seem to be So
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-02-11
current year will not probably exceed

current year will not probably exceed
10000 tons. : ..s ..-.5., -. ,~.
e The guauo islands are merely masses
OF volcanic rocks which have risen up
cut of the ocean They have not a
blade of grass nor any green thing On
them, and are merely rocky islands
covered with a ragged white deposit.
1t never rains upon them, and for
thousands Of years the manure upon
them lay and grew in quantity from
age to age. For some reason or other
the pelicans, sea gulls and other birds
which feed by the millions in the wa
ters Of these parts of the world have
chosen these islands as their nightly
roosting places. They pick out Ger
tain Of them and age after age, year
after year, and night after night, they
fly to them by the thousands and there
rest There are often other islands
near which to all appearance are quite
as desirable, but which are untouched
Even the disturbance caused by the re-
moving of the guano does not seem to
prevent the birds returning to their
roost. On the Chincha islands, which
were supposed to be entirely exhausted
fresh deposits of guano have recently
been made, and in 1894 10000 tons OF
new guano was actually shipped.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-02-11

to this fact, numerous inquiries have
come to the station in regard to some
method for its prevention. At pres
eat 1t is well known that the loose
smut of wheat and other cereals Is
caused by minute fungus, which
enters the plant while very young and
lives inside its tissues, developing its
fruit or spores in the head of the
growing wheat, this development TAX
ing place at the expense of the wheat
kernels themselves. The spores as
they ripen are carried by currents of
air to adjoining plants, thus injecting
the seed for the coming year, or they
are washed off by rains into the soil,
where they may also infect the next
seasons crop. In this connection it is
well to observe the following precau-
tionary measures, which will mitigate
much of the loss: 1st-That the seed
shall be taken from wheat fields free
from smut 2d-Sow on soil not pre-
viously infected with smut spores.
Treatment of seed.-Since the plants
are infected by this fungus in the very
early stages of their growth, it is evil
dent that no treatment of the plants
in the field will prevent the develop
ment of the smut, hence the necessity
of treating the seed. The ordinary hot
water treatment, as recommended for
the sinking smut of wheat and the
loose smut of oats has not proved an
efficient preventive of the loose smut
OF wheat, hence it has not been en-
ployed by the station to any extent.
A recent bulletin Gu. S. Department OF
Agriculture, Farmers Bulletin No. 75),
by Swingle, however, prescribes a
method of hot water treatment for the
loose smut of wheat which, it is
claimed, has proved efficient. This
method, which is to receive thor
ough trial at the station this coming
season, is as follows: "The seed, en-
closed in coarse gunny sacks or open
baskets, is soaked four hours in cold
water. 1t is then removed and al
lowed to stand in the wet sacks about
four hours The enclosed seed is then
dipped in vessel containing water at
Ito and 120 degrees Fab, and after a
moment it is lifted, allowed to drain
a little and then dipped again. This
operation should be repeated several
times. The object of this preparatory
treatment is to bring each seed in con-
tact with the warm water, and the
whole time consumed should not ex-
ceed a minute. The sacks of seed
should then be plunged in water at 1872
degrees Fab, for five minutes, care
being exercised In maintaining this
within a degree or two
throughout the operation, as well as
to keep the seed constantly stirred.
To maintain the temperature it is
necessary to have a third vessel con-
tanning boiling water, by the addition
Of which to vessel No. 2 a uniform
temperature may be maintained. The
thermometer used should be an accu-
rate one. It has been found that quite
a percentage of the seed is killed by
this treatment, hence it is recon-
mended that one-half more seed be
used per acre in planting. William
Stuart, Assistant Botanist, Indiana
Exp. Sta.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-02-11
DRYING Wheat for Seed.

After every damp harvest as the
present has been in most localities. the
grain goes into the barn with its straw
not SO thoroughly dried out as it
should be, says American Cultivator.
There is also considerable dampness n
the grain itself, and this will prob
ably cause heating of the grain in the
NOW. With spring grain this does not
matter much, for the grain viii be
pretty sure to dry out when freezing
cold weather comes. But whenever
winter grain is grown the seed for next
harvest has to be selected from the
present years crop, and this often
means the premature threshing of the
winter grain and using it while still
damp as seed. To this fact is prob
ably to be attributed the common be-
lief among farmers that old wheat and
rye are better for seed than new. In
the old grain the freezing of winter
and the subsequent thawing have made
the seed nearly wholly free of mois-
ture. Yet all these experiences are not
absolutely necessary. If the grain is
thoroughly dried in the fall that it is
grown, it is not only as fit but more
fit for seed than it is after being dried
out by winter freezing, wherein its
terminating powers are more apt to be
injured than they are by being thor
oughly dried out the previous fall. We
have heretofore advised the greatest
care for drying seed grain for fall SOW
ing. But it is far better, we believe,
to thoroughly dry the seed even by ar
tlhcial means We have over and over
again dried seed grain in fruit evapo-
rators such as are used for drying ap-
pies, and always with the best results
IN large proportion grown Of the seed
that was soWn. We believe that it
is best to dry all grain used as seed
by the heat of fire; it may be BY
braiding the seed corn and hanging it
beside the chimney, so as to secure the
heat of the kitchen fire, but however
it is dried, the seed that has fire heat
to dry it is sure to produce the most
vigorous growth and the largest crop
Of grain.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-02-11

true dlscoverer Of the beds and uses
OF guano, and in 1S49 a grant of 5000
IONS OF guano was voted him. He
never got it, however, and, although
nls claim by right of discovery, which.
according to their Peruvian law, gave
the olscoVerer one-third, aggregated
over 100000, 900, he died in a DOOR
mouse IN Paris. Another discoFerer of
some OF the guano islands was treated
In the same way by the Peruvian, COY.
eminent. This was natura]ized
American citizen named Landreau- He
discovered guano deposits which were
worth about s4oO, 100000, and, accord
ing to the Peruvian law, should have
nao Sl35 100000 for them. It was. it is
SAID, through his discoveries that Perm
was able to get a loan in Eurone Of
Szoo,00O,OO0, but when it came tn the
question of paying Landreau he was
cut on without a cent. Just hefone
the war between Chill and Peru a
NUMBER of Americans had formed what
was called the Peruvian comDanv-
Ihey had bought up the rights of the
heirs OF Cochet and Landrean and were
attempting to make the Peruvian gov
eminent pay back something of the
enormous sums claimed by them as
heirs OF Cochet and Landreau. IT is
from the prospectus of this company
which was given me before leaving the
United States by Col Dick Thomson.
our former secretary of the navy. that
the above statements are taken. This
prospectus was not intended to be
given to the newspapers, and the ex-
tent OF the scheme has, I think. never
been published. Its advocates brought
the matter before congress. secreta-
ries Of State Fish and Evarts both
made reports upon it, and President
Hayes in one case called the attention
OF congress to it. It never made any
headway out here, and it is now.
suppose, dead, for the guano islands
were given over to the Peruvian cor
poration, an English syndicate, years
ago as a part consideration of its as
suming the Peruvian foreign debt
Peru is practically bankrupt country
but when the claim was made it was
rich, and the claimants expected to get
at least large part of the half billion
dollars to which they said they were
entitled under the law.
The Guano Beds of Today.
Guano is not worth so much today
as it was years ago. The product is
low comparatively nothing, Other
fertilizers have taken its place, and its
price is less than half what it once
was. There have been times when
this bird manure was sold for s1oO
ton. To-day it can be bought, I am
told, for $50 or $40 a ton. The first
shipment to Europe was made more
than fifty years ago. At that time
twenty barrels of guano were taken
to. Liverpool and tried on a farm near
that city. The result was such that or-
ders were sent back for more, and soon
hundreds of ships were employed in
carrying guano to Europe. Often 200
ships would be at the different islands
at one time. Chinese coolies were
imported to get out the guano. For a
long time. the guano islands gave Peru
the greater part of its revenues, yield
ing about s15, ,0o0, ,ODO year for a num-
Der of years. Now they are practically
exhausted, and Peru has fallen from
great riches to poverty.
FRANK G. CARPENTER.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-02-11
Loose Smut of Wheat.

The season just past seems to have
been unusually favorable to the deyel-
opmenr Of fungous diseases. This is
especially true with reference to the
loose smut of wheat and oats. Ow;np
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-02-11

Men, like sheep, go in droves, un the
driver is wolf in sleeps clothin. hoo
drives the sheep throo thorny places in
order that they may Iooze thare wool
vile Wigglin thron
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-02-11

have lived here in the past. It is said
that the cave was the resort of the
buccaneers who once ravaged the
coasts and ships Of this part of the
world. Other caves are covered with
ferns and the vegetation is so luxu-
rant that it is easy to imagine that
Selkirk, like Robinson Crusoe, might
have set out hedges about his caves,
which would soon have become walls
OF trees and have hidden them from
view
:. There is a monument to Selkirk on
the island of Juan Fernandez. It is
a marble tablet set in the rocks at
Robinson Crnsoe's Lookout" It was
placed about thirty years ago. The in
scription reads as follows:
! In Memory of
Alexander Selkirk,
: Mariner,
A native of Largo, in the County Of
Fife, Scotland, who lived on this
Island in complete solitude
four years and four
months.
He was landed from the Cinuue Ports
j. galley, Sc tons, 18 guns, A. D. 17O4,
and was taken off in the
Duke, privateer,
18th February,
|, 1909.
He died Lieutenant of H. NJ. S. Wey-
mouth, A. D. 1923, aged 47 years.
The Cook County herald. [volume] (Grand Marais, Minn.) 1893-1909, 1899-02-11
This tablet is erected near Se1kirk's S
! Lookout by Commodore Powell and
! the Officers of III. M. S.
: TopaZe, A. D. 1868.


e.! the Officers of II. M. S.
: Topaze, A. D. 1868.
The Guano Islands.
! Other interesting islands are found
in the great archipelago which lies
between here and Cape Horn. These
Ishall travel among on my way around
she suuIherns end OF South America
The most interesting of all the Pacific
islands, however, are the guano ISL
ands. They are, in proportion to their
size, the richest islands of the world,
for they have already added more than
one billion dollars to the worlds
wealth. That is what Peru has dug
out of her guano islands. Her credi-
tors are getting something out of them
to-day, although nothing like the enor-
nous sums realized in the past. These
guano islands are scattered all along
the coast of Peru. 1 first saw them
north of Lima, near the shores of Sal
avary, and at Pacasmayo guano ship
from the Lobos islands came in for
mail and provisions. Off the Bay of
Picco, Peru, saw the famous Chincha
islands, which have produced more
than twelve million tons of guano, and
have brought into the Peruvian treas
ury millions upon millions of dollars.
The shipping Of guano is going on from
these islands to-day, although the de-
posits are to large extent exhausted.
am told that the shipments of the
The Cape Girardeau Democrat. (Cape Girardeau, Mo.) 1876-1909, 1899-06-24

H. L. Jones of Jackson purchased
the scaffuld on which John Headrick
was executed and built a chicken house
out OF the lumber. No coon will ever
20 into that chicken house tn steal a
chicken.
There were aboU; two hundred peo-
Pile at the picnic At Cape Rock yestcr-
day. 1t was Il bask"; picnic given by
the Select Knights and Ladies of
America. and the ladies TOOK provi>-
ions enough along t. feed i've or six
hundred people.
The voters Of the second ward Will
elect 4 Councilman next Tuesday 20
ill the vacancy Occa~ionrd 10y death
Of William Woe!ckc.
Parties who have pirnir~ continue
to lay Wiilcr'- Garden. That gar-
den nov belongs 70 the First National
Bank and il should Ia, called the
BanI, Park.
Our Board II Health should look
around = little. There are a numbcl
Of stink holes in this city Thai need
the attention Of The Board of Health.
y nrw store j. opening mp on Main
street. We have not learned what it
j. 10 he.
Tiny will have = hi harh,rue n