davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1899-05-06
Mining Items.

Considerable gold is reported TO be
taken out of the old placer claims al
Hayward on lower Battle creek.
The chlorination plant at Rapid City
was closed down last week and watch
man placed in charge, to remain until
the company can adjust matters to q
new basis.
Sinking on the Lizzie mine was re-
sumed last week. The shaft is now
down 269 feet, and the present contract
calls for an additional rs which. when
completed, will give depth of 344 feet.
E. F. Seavers arrived this morning
from the st. Elmo mine on Sunday
gulch Ave miles south of Hill City, and
reports everything operating smoothly
about the place. The ten stamp mill is
running regularly, with enough ore
blocked out for continuous run dur
ing the summer. The shaft has reach.
ed the 100 foot level with tae vein at
that depth showing a strength of 4 to
IA feet in width, between weN defined
walls of granite and slate. There is an
abundance of water for all milling pur-
poses, and the owners feel greatly en-
couragsd over the prospects.-Indepen-
dent.
S. E. Young. Supt. and general man
ager of the Crown Hill Mining Com
pany, while in Deadwood recently, stat
ed that work has been resumed at the
Spokane mine, the shaft having reached
a depth of about 1855 feet. 1t will be
sunk to the 200.foot level, at which
depth the second station will be cut.
The first station was cut at the l00.foot
level and the vein Of ore was found to
be about 10 feet wide. The ore contains
gold, silver and lead and is fine con-
centrator. The company is not working
very large force Of men at the Crown
Hill mine, but is centering every effort
to the development of the Spokane. 1t
is expected that shipments of ore will
be made more extensively from this
mine when the 200.foot level is reach
ed.
Custer weekly chronicle. [volume] (Custer City, S.D.) 1890-1931, 1899-05-06
BOARD OF EDUCATION

1st District-W. A. Petch.
2nd District-O. L. Metcalf.
3rd Dlstrict-H. G. Hamaker.
4th District Mrs. S. E. Ainslie.
9Th District-Aifred johnson.
School treasurer-D. Carrigan.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-09-20
SHE is BIDING HER TIME
SOON SHE WILL LOOSE TIE
DOGS OF WAR.
A CABINET COUNCIL PROBABLE FRIDAY
Cruisers Powerful and Terrible Ordered to the
Cape. Cape Town Dispatch Says The
Beers May Open the Grim
Game at Any Hour.

London, Sept. 19-Summons We're is
council, which, it is understood, will be
held Friday. Tt is regarded as the re-
suit of the visit of the Premier, Lord
Salisbury, to London, whittier he came
this afternoon, remaining at the Foreign
Office from 1870 p. m. TO $50 p. m.
Joseph Chamberlain, the Secretary of
State for the Colonies, was present in
the building at the same time, and as
a private doorway connects the offices,
it is presumed that the summons were
the result of their joint deliberations
The lack Of all excitement III AL off
cial circles bears evidence to the dclib-
crate manner in which the highest off
Gals are handling the crisis. Nor IS it
by any means certain that the Cabinet
council will adopt extreme measures, in
spite of the uncompromising nature Of
the Boer reply. This deliberation on tie
part of theGovernment is interpreted not
only in London, but in othr European
capitals, MS a desire on rne part OF
Great Britain to gain time while the
transports are hurrying to Cape Colony.
The Berliner Neueste Nachrichten,
commenting on this today says:
1.-THE present calm IS only meant to
deceive the Beers. When England feels
equal to the task of facing tine Beers
this peaceful tone will give way to a
blatant cry for war"
Even rumors Of a movement of the
Beers across the Natal boarder appar-
emily fail to excite the military authori-
ties here, who profess at least not to
fear such contingency for the pres.
ent.
In the meantime the movement or
troops proceeds The Royal West Sus-
sex regiment left today for Malta,
where it will replace the First Border
regiment, which goes by the same steam
er to Natal. 1t is announced this even
ing that the British first class protected
cruisers Terrible and Powerful have
both been ordered to the Cape. They
have reliefs ON board capable of forming
Il naval brigade of n thousand men.
The steamer Jelunga viii take SOC
troops bound for Natal tomorrow and
she will embark a rifle brigade at the
Island of Crete for the Cape.
According to a dispatch from Dur
ban, Natal, the Premier or the Colony
says that the alarm of the people of
Natal at the unprotected conditions OF
the border towns is quite unwarranted,
and that all efforts to incite the ZuIus
have failed.
The pall Mall Gazette prints dis
patch from Cape Town which says:
The general impression is that the
Beers will at once take the initiative
and an attack is expected at any hour !"
Troops continue to leave Cape Town
for Kimberley and the North and the
first class cruiser Terrible, sailing from
Portsmouth for China today, Is reported
to have been ordered to go by way or
Cape Town instead of Suez.
Nothing is yet known regarding the
date of the expected Cabinet council
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-09-20

planted did not mature very well. Pull
ing fodder is nearly over except in the
west: large quantities of hay We're say
ca. the last moving is underway.
The cool, dry weather was favorable
for cutting and curing tobacco; consid-
cradle quantities OF tobacco remain UNI
cnt in northwestern counties, but pro-
badly the entire crop will be housed by
the end of September.
Early sown turnips are ready for
market: late sown have very poor
stand and much reseedIng will be ne
cessary.
Digging peanuts is advancing slowly
with prospects for a good yield.
Sweet potatoes appear TO be generally
excellent.
Peas, fall Irish potatoes, and late
cabbage have been damaged by drought
and need rain.
The golden color of early rice indi-
Gates that the crop is ready for har-
vest. Small amounts OF winter wheat,
oats, and rye were seeded, but this
work is still much delayed.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-09-20
CROP SEASONS CLOSE.
Farm Work Now Progressing Rapidly
Rain is Greatly Needed.


The marked change in the weather
conditions for the week ending Mon
day, September Is, 1899, indicates the
rapid approach of autumn and the close
of the crop season. The entire week
was agreeably cool, with moderate mid
day and low night temperatures, the
mean for the week averaging over four
degrees per day below the normal.
Although scattered showers occurred
on the 18th and 14th the amount of
precipitation was very small, and in
many sections drought continues prac-
tically undated.
The amount Of sunshine was abund-
ant, and the conditions generally were
very favorable for farm work, especial
~ picking cotton, saving fodder and
hay, making sorghum syrup, and gath
ering other crops which are ready for
harvest.
Rain is still greatly needed for late
gardens, potatoes, and turnips, and to
soften the soil. Fall blowing did not
progress favorably during the week on
account of the hard condition of the
soil in many sections.
Progress in picking cotton was very
rapid during the week and ginning is
well advanced. Many reports on cot
ton indicate good quality of lint
though very short yield. The number
Of unopened bolls is now small.
Gathering corn has commenced; late
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-09-20
Mechanic & Investors Union

A State institution Of Raleigh, N. q.
organized May, 1893, and managed by
John G. Drewry, president, j. S. Wynne,
vice-president; Il. S. Jerman, treasurer;
j. N. Holding, attorney, George Allen
secretary and manager. w. s. Primrose
and G. G.. Latta, all Of whom are direc-
tors.
This is one of the best managed and
most prosperous investment and loan
companies in the State.
The investment plan assures the mem
bers the return of all payments, togeth-
or with a profit of fifty per cent in 100
months. The payment of cents per
day, which is 90 cents per month, for
100 months, natures one share of 500
The loaning plan guarantees the re-
turn to the borrower of all his payments
less three per cent per annum ON the
amount advanced to him. Both the
investing and borrowing members are
fully protected by the guarantee fund,
which promises and agrees to mature the
stock, making the monthly payments for
the widow should death occur. This Sc
cures the home to the family without
further cost after death. For full par
ticulars read the printed matter Of the
company.
GEORGE ALLEN, Secretary.
!. % Pullen Building, Raleigh. N. c.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-09-20
ALSO IN OTHER STATtS
THE WEATHER FAVORABLE FOR
PICKING COTTON.
PREMATURE OPENING IN ALL DlSTRlC is
Reports Indicate there viii be a Short Top Crop,
Most of Crop Now Open. It VIII be
Gathered Much Earlier
Than Usual.
Than Usual.

Washington, Sept 19-Following is
the Weather Bureaus weekly summary
of crop conditions:
Rain is generally needed more par
ticularly for blowing and fall seeding.
from the East Gulf coast northward over
Tennessee, the Upper Valley, the interi-
or portions of the Middle and the South
Atlantic States. the Lower Lake region
and Northern New England, over much
the greater portion of which area prac-
tically no rain fell during the week.
Drought continues over q large part of
Texas, and rain is also needed in Ne
braska and portions of Iowa, Wisconsin
and Michigan Light to heavy frosts
occurred in the lake region. New Eng
land and in portions of the Middle At
lantic States and Ohio Valley. causing
but little damage except over Northern
Michigan and portions of New York and
New England, where late crops were
damaged to greater or less extent.
The weather conditions on the Pacific
coast have been highly favorable.
''Some late corn in Northern Michigan
was badly damaged by frost; frost also
caused some injury to late corn in por-
tions of Wisconsin, New York and
Northern New England. but on the whole
the weather conditions of the past week
have been favorable for the unmatured
portion of the crop, which is now prac-
tically safe from further damage from
frost. Reports Indicate that late corn
has suffered material injury in conse-
quence of drought in the great corn
States of the Central Valleys.
'sThe weather conditions have been IA
vorable for threshing spring wheat in
the Dakotas and Minnesota. in which
States this work has been much delayed
by the rains of the previous month.
'sThe North Pacific coast region has
also experienced favorable conditions for
the completion of harvest and threshing,
the reports from Oregon indicating that
the injury resulting from the rains of
August will be less serious than was
anticipated.
THE weather has been very favorable
for cotton picking over the greater part
of the cotton belt, there being a total
absence of rain over a large portion
of the Central and Eastern districts.
Premature opening continues in all dis
triets. and the reports generally indi-
cate that the top crop will be very short.
in some sections almost a failure. The
general indications are that most Of the
crop is now open, and that it will be
gathered at much earlier date than
usual.
1.-THE weather has been favorable for
finishing the tobacco harvest and for
curing.
s'The condition of the apple crop con-
tinues unchanged. though possibly some
what improved in portions of Kansas
and Oklahoma.
I'm the Central Gulf States, the Ohio
Valley, over the Northern portions of
the upper Lake region and New Eng
land. and in portions of Iowa and Ne
braska, the soil condition has been too
dry to admit of blowing; but in Colorado,
Kansas. Oklahoma. Missouri and Cen
trail Illinois favorable progress has been
made
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-09-20
TICKETS GOOD FOR THIRTY
DAYS.

A Cheap Excursion Trip to Washington,
Baltimore or Philadelphia, by the Sea
board Air Line.
You can buy of any Seaboard Air
Line agent tickets to the Philadelphia
Export Exposition at the rate of one
and one third fares for the round trip.
Your ticket will be good for thirty
Baltimore, going or coming.
Your tickets will be good for thirty
800 days from date of purchase, only
it must be used on or before December
2nd
You can go by Norfolk and connecting
steamship lines, or all rail.
Millions of dollars have been spent on
this mammoth Industrial Exposition, an
education in itself.
Tickets on sale Tuesday and Thurs
day of each week until and including
Tuesday, November 23rd, 1899.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-09-20
D. & N. SHARES SOLD
Mr.. D. Y. COOPER BUYS UP HENDERS0N'S
STOCK.
He Takes -Four Hundred Shares for Which he
Pays Fourteen Thousand Dollars Cash
Less Commission.
Less Commission.

Henderson, n. c.. Sept. 49, Especial J
We had large railroad deal here
Saturday. Henderson sold ITS 4o'
shares of Durham and Northern stock
to Mr. ID. Y. Cooper for $4,000 cash
.ess commissions.
1t is known that Mr.. Cooper stands
in with the management of the Staboard
Railroad, and for this reason many
think that the purchase was in the in
terest Of that company. Yet in payins
for the stock we learn that he gave his
personal checks ON the Citizens Bank of
Henderson amounting to SAT, 800
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-09-20

DeWitt's Little Early Risers perma-
nently cure chronic constipation, bilious
ness, nervousness and worn-out feeling;
cleanse and regulate the entire system.
Small. pleasant, never grippe or sicken.-
famous little pills." Bobbnt-W ynne
Drug CO., w. III. King & Co., Adams a.
Moye, VIM. Simpson. ~
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-09-20
NOTICE.

If you have not tried the Globe Tonic
now is the time to do so, as the Globe
Remedy Co. will close their place here
on Saturday, October It'll, and place
the remedies on sale here at the regular
price. They sell the 81 bottles of Globe
Tonic for 25c now.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-09-20
SEVEN CAPITAL CASES.
Big Term of Pitt Court Greenville's
Progress and Prosperity.

Greenyille, N. c., Sept. 10 Especial
This is the biggest term of court Pitt
has had for many years. There are
over one hundred and fifty cases already
on the State docket which will con.
sumo the entire term. There are seven
capital cases to be tried. Judge Hoke
presides.
Thousands of pounds of leaf tobacco
Is being sold here daily twenty-five
new business houses are about com
pleted Greenville is rapidly going for.
ward in every progressive way.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-09-20
souTHRouNp

ar Raleigh q 10 am al ISam
*Dally.
Nos. 403 ard 402-"The Stanta SpeclsIs."
Solid Vestibuled Train of Pullman Sieepars
and coaches between Portsmouth and Atlanta,
also Pullman Sleepers between Portsmouth and
Chester, s. @.
Hgs Al and 90 ''The g. A. L. Fxnress." Solid
Train, coaches and Pullman Sleepers between
Portsmouth and Atlanta. Company Sleepers
between Columbia and Atlanta.
Both trains make immediate connections a
Atlanta for Montgomery, Mobile, New Orleans
Texas, California, Mexico, Chattanooga Nash
vile, Memphis, Macon, Florida.
II. s. LIZARD, c. II. and p. A.
Raleigh, N. @.
n. ST. JOHN, Vice Prest. and Gen.
Manager.
Ii. w. GLOVER, Traffic Manager.
v &c. McBEE, General suDt.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-09-20

Ii Hung Chang has been recalled TO
power.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-09-20

AS a corn-dodger the careful dancer
takes the cake.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-09-20

Over three Thousand persons are deat
and missing as result of a recent
typhoon in Japan
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-09-20

Near GAINESVILLE, Ga, man kille,
two men whom he found at his hom
drinking with his wife.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-09-20

Two men were killed by falling iron
high places in the Newport News ship
building yards yesterday.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-09-20

Two new cases of yellow fever were
reported by the New Orleans Board q
Health yesterday.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-09-20

The yellow fever outbreak at Ha-
vana is reported as being under control
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1899-09-20

Pitcher Al Maui, recently released by
the Brooklyn club. has been engaged By
the Philadelphia club for next year.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1899-07-02
Mrs. Col. Richardson
SAVED BY MRS. PINKHAM.
lLarrEa ID -. gIhIHAn -. -

fLsrTK7 TO ms. PiSKHAs Eo. 77cqol
you have saved my life, snatched
mo from the brink Of the grave almost,
and | wish to thank you. About eigh-
teen mon tbs ago was q total wreck,
physically. l had been troubled with
leucorrhcaa for some time. but had given
hardly any attention 10 the trouble.
At last Inflammation OF the womb
and oyaries resulted and then j suf-
fered agonies, had to give mp my pro-
fession musician and piano pIayerl
was confined TO my bed and lie became
a terrible cross. My husband sum-
mcued the best physicians, but their
benefit was but temporary 40 best /
believe ! should have contracted tho
morphine habit uuder their care, If my
common sense had not interviewed.
Zone day my husbsndnoticed the ad-
vertisement of your remedies and im-
mediate.y bought me a full trial Soon
the pain in nay ovaries was gone. lam
now well. strong and robust, walk,
ride o wheel, and feel Ike a girl in her
teens. would not be without Lydia
2. PinlSham Vegetable Compound; 10
IS ike water OF Hfc 20 me. / am very
gratefully and sincerely your we'll
w.sher, and heartily recommend your
remedies. ] hope some poor creature
may be helped % health by reading my
story. Mrs. Con. j.. u. RICHARDSON,
RMNELANDER, WIS.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1899-07-02

y Arst: Tinge 90 to and to y second;
DR.. Eichborg 90 to u third. Time,
ia 2-5.
Second race-one and one sixteenth
mues-Decanter q 10 u first. Ed Upton
90 20 I and I to - second, SKY Scraper
g 10 ID third. Time. las.
Third race-Vernal Stakes. five fur
iongs-Kllashandra g to p first; Virginia
Earle q TO 8 and 3 % % second Fond
Hopes &C 90 y third. Time. l.o2 %.
Fourth race-one mile. speclal-Admi-
ration a 20 - won by two lengths; May
Hampstead (evem second. Time, i:i0 is.
Fifth race-Advance stakes. one and
three quarter miies-Thomas cat 90 90 -
first: Ben Holiday % 90 I'D ana To- D
second: Candlehlack q 60 50 third. Time.
2.0;.
sixth -steeplechase. short course
Rolnstrom rs 20 ID first: DR.. Catlett az
10 Do second. Cock Robin % 20 y third
Time. 4.l0.
Seventh receive furlongs-Waring %
20 % first. Prestige 90 % 1 and 90 j.
second. Ceyion 90 20 ID third. Time
1908 l-5.
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1899-07-02
MORE TROUBLE
At HOMESTEAD
CONTINUED from First Page)

brf thera was no disorder or unusua.
excitement.
There are G-o0 men now employed al
tie Homestead steel works. of whom
2o0 are skilled w0rkmen. eligible TOD
membership n the Amalgamated Assoc
citation The remainder are macn-iii7i5
and other craftsmen and laborers. ll Is
claimed by some that none of me em-
ul0yos who went through the troubles OF
lsag are n favor of the present strike
A mass-meeung Of workers was neIo
tonight in a vacant l0t no Eighth avenue
and Dixon street. It was largely attend
90 and addresses wore made hy Benl4-
min T. Davis. tho now assistant pre-i-
dent OF the Amalgamated Association.
Secretary John Williams Trustee John
Pierce and others. President Theodore
j. Shaifor i7 stiu sick mn his home and
wa not able 20 De present
WE'RE CONSERVATIVE
Tho speakers dwe't particularly on fhe
benefits of organization. and while cone
s.rvative in their uttcrancoe. impressed o1
their audience tho necessity of united
stand iu be present crisis The meeting
closed with the singing OF "Amerca."
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1899-07-02
THEY WILL NOT VISIT RICHMOND
The Industrial Investigating Commit
tee Goes West.

WASHINGTON. July l.-speciah-
Representative Lamb. of Richmond. was
in Washington to-day. lie was here in
tho interest Of o. friend who Doe wishes
90 be given commission i'm tine regular
army Alr. Lamb saw both the President
and the Secretary of War and urged the
aupointment of his constituent no an-
swcr was given 90 the Representative
recommends zion and The appointment VIII
iu ail probability Dee made. Mr. Lamb oe-
clirod to state the name of tho gentle
man recommended by him. ID Us under-
stood the position sought is either that
of uqyma=ter of cOmmis-ary officer
THE LAST SUPERVISOR
TT. r.. Smith was to-day appointed
Census Supervisor for the Second Dis-
trict of Virginia. This complete the
entire quota for the State.
Mr.. Smith is q prominent Democrat
and has worked hard Tor the success ot
bis party in suffolk. The reason of tte
delay in this appointment was thlt there
was quite local fght for the position
Mr. Smith was finally appointed nn tine
recommendation of Feprc en,atFe
Young.
The following changes were to-day
made OF fourth-class postmasters ll \Ir-
ciuia:
AT Almond. Rockingham county Mrs
Cora B. C0urs vice Andrew shaver. zee
signed. al Duty Dickers0n county. De
81. Duty vice j. II. Duty resigned Ihe
following arc the changes n North Car
DINA. At Battcbor0. Nash county. j.
W. An1c-s vice Clinton W. Battle. joe
moved 0t Price Rockingham county
Mrs Nftto a. Barnes vice A. j. Graham,
removed
A now 1mco was established at Seaside.
brunswick county. with c. j. Brooks
as postmaster.
War Department officials orc greatly
concerned st tHo rrce4rinus condition of
General Macarthur at San Fernando.
when 10 is taken into consideration that
there IFS strict censorship over au news
before 30 is allowed 90 BE cabIed. experts
believe that There SIS more significance
90 Doe attached to me news received to-
day than would seen apparent on is
face. General Macarthur ifs surely Do
reeed' said au old army officer "IIr
is acting purely on The defensive said
another.
General Corbn has issued % -wearirr
order positively prohibiting amy one from
giving ont information
Consultations between The president
and DIS War Department advisers ARC ~
frequent occurrence. and ar believe tls
situation critical. rs s. 3D. mistaken i1ea
THAT General MeArtnur's lines extend 90
san Fernando 1e has boon generally re-
ported. Ie simply has % flying column
which if reports arc correct is now out
off from Manila. ANY achievements
s..t hIm wil have to Cut fhrr way
Through m,Wrent lines u was stated
to-day chat The Now regiments. VIII be
The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1899-07-02
MINERS TOWN BURNED.
BY Negroes the Union Men Fired on
Troops are Ordered out

,truY.a-r..tr OH r.r r.,r,. rrrfrr
,.,-.. -.-.li -'... t,,n. and ooo,,.I.I
,.. .,..t-.- -. .'..- t.rs ,.4s b,ir,..i
,.t+,t,,', ..s..r d, t.,t,. i...,,.er bic
......,. ,... and i,..-.,.-- NAM, miner.
,..,'.. ,... a..i .,... .- r.r.t..., ,.....--
|,-
l.et,.,.,- ,..,...,.. r.- tt. trfl,o of a woe
,,,.., -i .i... .,.,...i.,., ... f,-.-f,- mon I'D
.i.-t- ,,-., 3D.. -..-.,.s r.ta.f Union
..... .+ ,,.irr.p.
Opf->-rD rfpr
rr.., ,,.rs1 r-. o, fha homes of The
,.,.. I,,..- ,r.r,,.t.,. r.rII-d
,. .- ill.,. ,,.l-, ,,.,...
, ,.... .t.... t.,,.. md foot,
". ...-. ~, 49, .r'.'. a.. tr.
irlI-' DID u '.'''p
'Iiah'. inc i'"-u..'.. "i'l 20 '.'-
pAt4 .Ae l-ttH oNn '"~ f''a7 "'-
s'roycd.
Ile negroes then adv ine.d ON ina
woods where tle union miners were con-
.q..el and untu a1EueIt a. usIsle W..
t...+ DOB. bety.o., rho factions $50 lives
49,. ...-...t.f I...t t,, tra enc
i't' '' .'l t.... .... cd
trt-'N.Nl. D" I'.,.
tne ana 1f tnr ahl.l il ....
TROOPS oltDthtD ''
pRINgFIELD ILL.. Ju.E l-A'..N7
Governor NarItr This evening ordered
t,.. r.rn.nI.. VI the Fourth Infantry.
l...... >-.+....r t...rI l..ltaI af Care
t..I.-. arr 1r.Yrr Vernon. t. proceed
.-.-......t,r, .+ ...,.. .,.f r-a-a,.. fra