The times. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1890-1903, 1899-11-25
WHICH IS THE
CORRECT TERM
DR.. CaIisch's Discourse on Hebrew,
IsraeIite or Jew"
SUBJECT THOROUGHLY SIFTGO.
The jew Of To-Day aud the jew of
Ancient Times Not by Any
Means Identical II he
Speakers Conclusion.

On the subject Hebrew lsraelite or
| Jew, which is the correct term lie
took his text from Genesis ''xXxii.
%" the incident Of Jacob wrestling with
the angel and the changing OF his name
lie said in part:
| Many people have questioned as 70
| which is the proper one Of these terms
| ANA a great portion of even the jewish
] PEOPLE 90 not know OF any shade of dis
| tincliOn between them, except perhaps
| Tire foolish conception that might make
| the term Hebrew or Israeiite seem 10 De
| softer than that Of jew Historically con-
| sidcrcd, these names represent tnfee I'M
| portant epochs i'm The history OF the Jews
| with which each one has been associated
| and 70 which we might say, each one be-
| longs The patriarchal epoch, the epoch
of the national existence and the epoch
| covering the time since the national en-
| uty was destroyed.
ADRIAN a HEBREW.
The nrst mention of the word Hebrew
| in the Bible is in Genesis Xiv-i3. where
| Abram is called a Hebrew; and we viii
ma that this term and none other Is
| used throughout the book OF Genesis to
| distinguish the beginnings of the people.
/ Tie word Israel is in the book of Genesis
! used i'm connection with Jacob only ana
! as a name for him individually. Its use
! 10 denominate the Tcope as "a people be-
| gan with the Exodus and the incidents
! leading up thereto. In the hrst few chap
| GERS Of the book of Exodus. the word
! Hebrew Is used i'm connection with the
! name Of God and the people i'm the same
! connection are called Israel lSee chap
! tiers ILLS: N-2.3. yii.-l6. iX-i, and X.-3)
jpn the later books Of the Bible &c is
used occasionally, perhaps most frequent
! ly i'm the books of Samuel until the time
I Of saul After this the name Hebrew
OCCURS but rarely and only once dis
| tinctiyey. and that IS in the book OF
| 5Cnah where that prophet in answer 10
! The queries Of the sailors says u am
Hebrew" G-9) With the crystaiZauon
| ol the national idea ana the growth Of the
national consciousness the word Israel
| became more and more pronounced and
! tho word Hebrew" more and more shao-
/ owy until after the time Of David We
| meet 10 not az all.
The word Judah, with which the word
Jew is identified, came into prominence
AS a collective coguomcu with the dis
! uption of Dayid's kingdom and the csc
/ tahlishment of the two new Kingdoms of
Judah and Israel. When the ten tribes
/ forming the kingdom Of Israel were wiped
! ogt of existence. (and in my belief they
/ have been wiped out OF existence, all at
/ tempts TO rosurrect them % the contrary
/ Notwithstanding this left the kingdom of
! Judah as the sole representative OF ma
/ tional existence. When. 500 years later,
! -hc Commonwealth re-estlbiished by the
retiring eXiies was destroyed by the
/ Romans the national existence was to-
| ally annihilated and the remnants Of
! that Judcan nation. scattered TO the four
! corners OF the universe stood for that
/ which can never be destroyed, the Judean
/ religion. to-day called Judaism, and whose
/ devotees are jews There are very few
| instances of the mention of the word jew
! In the Bible. II is given I'm the book of
/ Esther q number of times; il is given in
| The Bath chapter Of the Book of Jeremiah
/ and a number Of times in the book OF
/ Daniel. TO sum up then. We may again
| say that the people of the patriarchal
! period and of the formative period OF the
/ nation We're Hebrews speaking the Ile-
/ brew language; that. when the twelve
/ tribes known as the sons Of Jacob or
/ Israel had c0alesced into one national
| entity. that nation was known as Israel.
| and that finally when there was left only
/ the Incompatible possession of their faith.
| this was sustained by the remnant Of the
Judean kingdom and its follower as
| Jews. As the pntriarChal period has long
since passed and We 10 longer use He
brew as a living LANGUAGE. we are not
| Hebrews; as we are not nation. we are
not Israelites. but as the uphoders Of
! Judaism RELIGION, we are Jews.
BROADER CONCEPTION.
! To may be asked that as the words
| Hebrew" and "Israe.ite" are our BibH-
| o. a. g
| Biblical, why IL is that / say we should
! submerge these names that. SO tO speak
I link our identity with The Bible. and take
! up the least Biblical one Of the three. A
reason, I'm addition 10 that given above.
| lies In the fact itself that the word chosen
! represents tl.3 newer and broader con-
| ceptiOn Of our world mission.
| 10 is TO certain extent unfortunate
! that the non-JcWlsh world so closely
| Identifies the jew of today with the jew
| II Biblical time. DO not for one moment
| understand me 10 say that 10 is a misfor-
| tune to be identified with the Bible for
! that is our all and .Nrything. but what
| / wish TO make clear is. that the nom
| Jewish world considers the Jews OF to-
| day Identical in Thought, ideals and in
| conceptions and even IN practice with
| the Jew Of Biblical times. that il looks
|
| when the canon OF the Scripture closed
and that the religious development Of the
world has been taken un by the daughter
! when the mother faith had laid h down.
| 10 is against this conception that / pro-
! test. Judaism. immoyably based upon
! The Bible. Yet has not ceased with the
| Bible. Revelation has not ended with
! the Prophets The uncOnsumed bush
| flames in every generation. Judaism is
not a closed and balanced account in the
| ledger Of history. with The peerless moral
/ heritage bequeathed To- them by the he
roic giants Of the past rs an inexhausd-
| bic capital placed % their credit. they
| have continued TO advance, identifying
| themselves with every step OF human
progress, making themselves felt In every
! honorable avenue of human activity. and
aiding most substantially in upbuildng
| the magnificent structure Of human civil
| ization.
DIFFERENT CUSTOMS
II Is noteworthy in this connection,
continued the speaker, to remark that
| the non-Jewish world uses the word
"Israelte" when II wishes to speak kind
| ly or respectfully. and that We ourselves
use the word Jew" Renan titled his
book 'History Of Israel" Cornill and
| Robertson Smith called theirs THE Pro
phets of Israel" Boileau his Israel
| Amorg the Nations" Kuenen The Re
Ugion 81 Israel" but Graetz SAYS "Tls-
tory az the Jegs." and Abrams writes Of
! Jewish Life I'm the Middle Ages and
Jewish Literature" br. WIENER speaks
Of the Jewish Question and Amram OF
MI