davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19
WALL STREET SHAKEN
BY FINANCIAL PANIC
imperative Need of Money Causes Wild Excitement
On the Stock Exchange.
Clearing House Association Comes to Rescue With $10000
GOO Bankers and Brokers Fail.

211s, Metropolitan 20i5, People 81 Gas IA,
Sugar 121s, Continental Tobacco liz.
Tennessee Coal IL, Yanhattan and
Leather preferred 9l4, all in the list of
industrials.
In the railroad list. such stocks as
Northwest. New York Central, Great
Northern preferred. Rock Island South
ern Pacific. the Union Pacifics. the
Northern Pacifics, Atchison preferred
and, in fact. the most prominent and
active railroad stocks in the whole list
showed losses all the way from TO 3
points.
The rallies. with the final easing down
of the money rate to s per cent, ran
from to 10 points. The days trans
actions ran up to a total of nearly
1.650000 shares, which is the record for
a days business. The excitement was
intense ali day. and there can be no.
doubt that a large volume of transac-
tions and record of many quotations
were entirely lost in the seething and
surged over the floor of the exchange
and about every post all day long.
Changes In Prices.
The changes in prices between sales
ran up to one. two and even three
points, both on the downward grade
and il the recovery.
After the close of the exchange there
was a meeting of the clearing house
committee to concert further measures
for safety and relief. An issue of clear
ing house certificates was discussed but
the bank presidents present decided
that that would not be. advisable at
present. A meeting of the clearing
house committee was called for IL
O'Clock tomorrow, with a view of being
prepared for action in case of further
necessity.
the bond market more or less, but losses
were largely confined TO the lower
grade issues. which have been subject
TO speculation The volume of invest
ment issues brought on the market by
the severe money stringency is as yer
small.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19

designed to promote any kind of BIZ
metallism.
That Monetary Commission
ITO be sure, there was sent abroad
the alleged international monetary
commission Unless the hoax was to
be openly confessed. this was the least
the president could do. But for fear
that. after all, foreign governments
might take the procedure seriously, he
sent to congress in july 1897. at the
very moment when his commissions
! proposals were before the English cab
met, a special message recommending
the so-called Indianapolis monetary
convention plan. with its programme of
the single gold standard. retirement of
the greenbacks and extensions of the
powers, privileges and immunities of
the national banks.
Meantime. his secretary of the treas
ury was declaring in interview after
interview, most of which were care
fully reproduced in Europe that bimet-
allism in any way, international or
otherwise. was not only impossible, but
undesirable. OF course, no serious ne
gotiations were possible after all this.
The internal tional commission became
an international joke. 1t folded its
tents like the Arab and silently stole
away. Its distinguished and dlscom-
flied chairman sought early opportunity
in the senate to explain it's failure in
speech which neither his diplomatic
artifices of rhetoric nor his denuncia-
ton of the secretary Of the treasury
y)uld hide the responsibility of the
official head of the administration.
The st. Louis Programme.
"The remainder of the programme
entered on at St. Louis has been
obediently pursued. The international
agreement for the free coinage of silver
having failed to be promoted steps
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19
Continued on Page p
THE HERALD BULLETIN.
PAGE ONE.

PAGE ONE
Currency Bill Passes House.
Butler Has Another Fight.
PAGE TWO.
Prisoners Are Safe.
Talked of Smallpox.
PAGE THREE.
Feast of Firemen.
University Suit On.
Burnham Trial Begun.
Fight On Expansion.
PAGE FOUR
Editorial.
PAGE FIVE
Outlook Is Gloomy.
Lawyers Fail TO Agree.
Lay Out New Lines.
Nicholas n. Groesbeck Fails.
PAGE SIX
Mining Stock Market.
British Empire Tottering.
After Iron Lands.
PAGE EIGHT
Slump In Copper Stocks
Praise From the Pulpit.
Two Miles of Gold.
Provo Mans Fate.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19
SOL SMITH RUSSELL BREAKS
DOWN WHILE ON THE STAGE

Chicago
efrstac in "Honora
tried without
of
conn
specialist called
cline
hst he IS
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19
MR.. ROBERTS FAvORS
GRAHAM and SMITH
Declares They Have As Much Right to Hold Federal
Office As He Has.
The Investigating Committee Will Hear the Testimony Of
Witnesses From Utah Today.
Especial TO The Herald.l


1SRe
holding Utah
He
he
in
lion of his
If the question of eligibility has been raised not due
without
y o cal parte
the the
tonig IN will proba b heardo onorr
20
is
stimon for the same
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19

Lcndcn, Dec. 19.-Tae war Office has
been in communication with General
Sir William Lockhard. commander-in-
chief in India, with a view of ascer-
taining what troops can be spared from
his forces and it ia understood t.sat as
result OF these inquiries, force viii
almost Immediately leave Bombay fer
Durham. including four regiments of
seasoned troops. with an ammunition
column, and brigade of artillery, in
Guiding horse and field batteries. 1t
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19
GEN. BULLER HAS
ANOTHER FIGHT
Reported to Have Crossed the
Tugela River.
TROOPS TO BE RUSHED
INTO SOUTH AFRICA
Draft will Be Made On the Forces in
India.

Lord Roberts Looked to By the Eng
ish People to Save the Empire
Ready Response to the Call For
Volunteers-Boers Have Unlim-
tied Supply of Arms and Ammuni-
tion-Gloomy View of the Situa-
tion Is Taken.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19

is hoDed this force viii reinforce Gen
eral Butler within month
The Duke of Connaught visited the
war office yesterday. Since the ap-
pointmeTt of Lord Roberts as COM
rilarder-in-ehief in South Africa, the
question Of rank no longer bars the
duke from going 10 the front, and as
he has d strong desire 10 go. it is; be-
heved that only the queens reluctance
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19
To Distribute Literature.

Washington. Dec iS.-Chairman Hanna
ef the Republican national committee has
appointed Perry S. Heath. Charles G.
Dawes aud Senator shoup. a committee
on the distribution of literature author
lied by the national committee.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19
WOLF D|SCARDS HIS
SLEEPS CLOTHING
Republicans UnTnaSked On Financial Question:
Will Give No Quarter to Silver.
Victory in 1896 Was Under False PretenseS- Strong Ap
peal Made to All True Republicans

Washington, Dec. 1S.-After the pas
sage today by the house of the finan-
cial bill the silver Republican leaders
in the city held a meeting and adopted
an address, setting forth their views
as to it's effects. The address is as fol-
lows
ITO the Members of the Republican
Party Who Still Believe in Bimetal-
lism:
THE passage by the house of repre-
sentatives today. of the gold standard
and bank currency bill. exactly as
agreed upon by the Republican caucus.
and without the opposition of a single
Republican vote. marks the elimination
of a policy long and carefully pursued
by certain influences in control of the
leadership of the Republican party, and
justifies the action of the men who, in
1895, refused to remain in that organi-
zation after the adoption of the ST.
Louis platform"
Scheme of Bankers.
THE Republican national platforms
of 1888 and 1892 had been unequivocaIly
in favor of bimetallism and the use of
both gold and silver as standard money.
Nevertheless. it was apparent several
months before the assembling Of the
national convention of 1896 that the
machinery of the Republican party had
passed wholly into the hands of the
banking and creditor interests. and it
was the purpose of the latter to commit
the party to the advocacy and achieve
ment of the gold standard.
Against this danger the undersigned
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19
Chairmen of Committees.


The chairmen of the various commit
tees. as announced by Speaker Hender-
son, are as follows:
Elections No. 1-Tayler, Ohio
Elections No. 2-Weaver, Ohio.
Elections No. 3-Messick. Michigan
Ways and Means-Payne. New York.
Appropriations-Cann Illinois.
Judiciary-Ray, New York
Banking and Currency-Brossius,
Pennsylvania.
Cinage. Weights and Measures
Southard, Ohio.
Interstate and Foreign Commerce
Hepburn, Iowa.
Rivers and Harhors-Burton. Ohio.
Merchant Marine and Fisheries
Grosvenor. Ohio.
observation-disclosures New York.
Foreign Affairs@Hittick, Illinois.
Military Affairs-Hull, Iowa.
Naval Affairs-Boutelle. Maine
Postoffices and Postroads-Loud
California.
Public Lande-Lacey. Iowa
Indian AffairsSherman New York.
Territories-Knox. Massachusetts.
Insular Affairs-CovDer, wisconsin.
Railways and Canals-Chickering
New York.
Manufactures-Farr Indiana.
The Mining Committee.
Mines and Mining--Crump. Michigan.
Public Buildings and Grounds--Mer-
Ger. Nebraska.
Pacific Railroads-Powers, Vermont
Levees and Improvement of Missis-
sippi River-Bartholdt Missouri
EdUcation-Grow. Pennsylvania.
Labor-Gardner. New Jersey.
Militia-Marsh, Illinois.
PStents-Herr, Ohio
Invalid Pensions-Sullow. New Hamp-
shire.
Observation-Disclosures ger, New Jersey.
Ctaims-Graff. Illinois.
War Clailns-Mahon, Pennsylvania.
Private Land Claims-Smith, Illinois.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19
No Session Yesterday.

Washington. Dec. 1s.-As the Utah Wit
nesses In the Roberts case could not
reach here until late to-day. Chairman
mittee determined on having no session
today and called a meeting for 10 o'c.ock
tomorrow morning.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19
sui TANS SONENLAW STEALS
WIFES JEWELS AND SKIPS

Dec 1SThe
his wfes jewels
has a
has now
in plot to oassass the utan
generally discreded
refug s he O
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19

\
\ London, Dec. 19.-The Daily
= Mail hears from hitherto re-
= liable correspondent that Gen
+ eral Butler, after stiff fight,
+ crossed the Tugela River. The
= correspondent also states that
y General Methuen's communi-
7 cations are cut.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19
HEAVY FAILURE OF
TRUST COMPANY
Unable to Convert Securities Into
Cash to Meet Demands.

New York. Dec. 1S.-The Produce
Exchange Trust company of this city
has closed its. doors. A notice upon the
door says that the company has sus-
pended payment pending an eSaffrfi7sl-
ton of its books.
The officers of the company declined
to see ANYBODY or TO give anything for
publication beyond this supplementary
notice. which was posted on the doors
some time after IL o'clock:
THE immediate cause of the suspen-
sion of the company is its inability 10
convert its securities into cash IN tllhe
To meet the sudden and abnormal de-
mand made upon it.
A statement of the company's affairs
at the close of business on Saturday
last in round figures is as follows-
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19
Assets.

last rOuQQ ltsuTcS II d. 1OiAoNS-
Assets.
Cash on hand. 11S.000
Cash in western national
banks 49,. .-.-..---. oS5,OUV
Cash in national city bank 100000
Cash in First National Bank,
Jersey City .--.-2..-.--.--..- 10000
Cash in Standard Bank 269.000
New York City bonds ..-----. 2,5o0.000
Other bonds ---.------..-----.. ooO.vOV
Demand loans ....... 6S5.O00 =
Bills receivable -.....--..--.-. $4,000
Due from banks ---....--.--- 10000
Syndicate loans .....-.-.---.. 4.f3S,500
Time loans .......... 359.0ee
Total assets 81. 71s.5eo
Liabilities.
Capital and surplus ..-..--..s 100000
Individual deposits .-....----- 2,s2s' 900
Trust funds ....--..--.-------- z1,ovJ
Due to banks .-------------.-- 5'sVv'vv0
Total liabilities ......s s11. .649. 900
The notice posted on the door of the
company's office reads:
THE board of directors of the Pro
duce Exchange Trust company has
deemed it TO the best interests of its
depositors and stockholders to suspend
payments pending the readjuS1ment or
its affairs. The following special CON-
mittee-Edwin Gould, G. P. Armstrong.
George r. Bidwell. Edgar A Homer
and Frank Brainard-has been appoint
ed by the board of directors to take
charge of the property and affairs OF
the company and are in possession
thereof. for the board of directors
tSigned)-
..ALMON GOODWIN. and
'sWILLIAM NELSON CROMWELL,
Counsel for Committee
1f-oo Of Cha m bnrialm
keenan, today it was said. that the city
had about s1500OO on deposit with the
Produce Exchange Trust company
The Produce Exchange Trust CONF
pany first became prominent as DID
der for a o0e bond issue in op-
position to Vermilyi & Co., and others,
who were part of a syndicate that had
hitherto controlled the traffic in city
bonds.
The Produce Exchange Trust COM
many was organized a couple OF years
ago with a capital of $2,500,e00 and had
a reported surplus and undivided pro-
fits al this time of over S2.500.00e- It's
business was chiefly with merchants,
tradesmen and corporations in its inn
mediate vicinity and il was also sup
posed to do some of the banking bust
ness of the Standard Oil company II
has been designated by the banking
department of the state as legal de-
oositorv for state monies and munici-
pal monies as we'll as for the funds OF
savings banks and state banks
The officers of the company are:
President-Turner A. Bealle-
Vice Presidents-Edwin Gould, fnom-
as A. Mcintyre and 5. D. Scudder-
Secretary and Treasurer-S- l. Cham-
Assistant Secretary and Treasurer
William II. Laws
The trustees of the company are
Charles P Armstrong. Amzi B. Bar
bcur. Frank Brainard. Turner A. Beaii
George r. Bidvell. Charles A. DeSnor,
A. Goepel. Edwin Gould, N Irvine Key
ser. Edward r. Ladew, Henry A. Nc
Gee. w. Willis Merrill, ]. W. Midden-
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19
CURRENCY BILL
PASSES HOUSE
We're Eight Democrats Who
Voted For Measure.
ROLL CALL SHOWED 100
FOR AND $50 AGAINST
Speaker Henderson Names Commit
tees For House.

He Springs Surprise, as 1t Was Not
Expected They Would Be Made
hblic Until Today-Democratic
Members Receive Fewer Places
Than In the Last Congress
Places Given to the Representa-
tives From the West.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19

Before the concerted relief by the
clearing house banks the money rate
leaped TO so. 20. 100. and. according to
the official record. 125 per. cent. credi-
bic reports assert that lS6 per cent was
paid for money during the day The
official record of such a transaction was
lost in the excitement.
An idea of the severity of losses may
be gained from few SPECIFICATIONS.
Thus American Tobacco fell an extreme
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19
Precedent Is Followed.


The speaker preserved the time
honored custom of following precedent
as TO old members, leaving them in
their old chairmanships and places.
and gradually advancing them Us
vacancies occur. The Important COM
mittee chairmanshiDs are those Of Mr.
Brossius of Pennsylvania. chairman Of
the banking and currency; Mr.. Gr>s-
venor of Ohio. merchant marine and
fisheries; Mr. SOutilari Of Ohio. coin
age. and Mr.. Cooper of Wisconsin,. the
newly o-med committee on insular af-
fairs.
The new members of the ways
and means committee are Mccall ana
Long, Republicans; Newlands. silver
ite and Cooper, Democrat. ADpropria-
tions and foreign affairs also get
considerable amount of new blood
Military affairs have the largest mem
bership, six Republicans and three
Democrats. The membership of the
insular committee is notable in being
a committee of chairmen,' the heads
of ways and means, appropriations,
foreign affairs, commerce. postoifices.
etc-, being represented also ON this
cCnsnittee.
The new members cf the house re-
ceive full consideration from the
speaker, although following custom
they necessarily take -he lower places
on committees. The Democratic mem
bers receive feEyer places thar in the
Last congress as the larger Democratic
representation in this house compelled
a reduction in the number of places for
each
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19

tCeyGsEuea on Page %
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19

Washington, Dec. 1S.-Almost every
house convened today. The vote on the
currency bill, which was to be taken
Immediately after the reading of the
journal. was responsible for the full at
tendance. Neither a motion to recon-
NIT nor an offer of a substitute was in
order by the terms of the special rule
under which the house was operating.
Mr.. Gaines (Tenn) asked if it was in
order to recornmit with instructions to
report back a free coinage bill.
1T is not" replied the speaker.
The bill was then read a third time
and placed on its final passage.
I demand the yeas and nays" said
Mr.. Overstreet Qnd.), in charge of the
bill. Members rose on both sides en-
masse to second the demand.
Evidently sufficient number said
the speaker. THE clerk will call the
roll''
The roll call was followed with great
interest. There was no demonstration
when the Democrats broke away from
the majority of their party ana voted
in the affirmative. The clerk called the
names of the Democrats who declined
IA.
Every Republican voted for the bill.
Democrats Vote For Bill.
The Democrats who voted for the bill
were: Clayton IN. .Y.), Denny (N1d),
briggs tN.Y), Fitzgerald On. ".
Levy On. W, McAleer (Pa.), Rupert
IN. ", Scudder On. ", Thayer
tMass.), Underhill On ", Wilson IN.
Y)-11.
The following Democrats did not vote
and were not recorded as pairs: Smith
(MdD, Stallings (Ala). and Wheeler
(Ala) Neither Mr. StalilRgsr nor. Mr.
Wheeler of .Alabama, have been pres
ent this session.
Paired against the bill: Catchings
CMiss.), Campbell (Mont), Broussard
(La-), Robertson tLa.}, Davey 0a.)
When the speaker announced the pas
sage of the bin by a vote of 1So to $50
the Republicans cheered
The speaker then sprang a big sur
prise on the house by announcing the
committees. When the committee on
ways and means was read, Mr. Bailey
Oem., TeX.) asked whether the name
of Mr.. Wheeler of Alabama was includ-
ed in the list.
1T is not" replied the speaker.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19

Continued on Page 30
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19
SILVER AND LEAD

Silver, 1880 per ounce.
Lead, $40 per 100 pounds.
Copper, 1870 per pound
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1899-12-19

designed to promote any kind of BIZ
metallism.
That Monetary Commission.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1899-12-01
CROWDS AT THE RACES.
R0sCo's GUIDELEss FACING THE
EVENT OF THE DAY.


Helene Blazes Won the Road Race
with Madwood second-Niiss CLAY
the Winner of the Running Event.
ROsco's Time gao Against a Rum
ming Pacemaker-Adelh Led, i'm the
lunch of Three for "A AiiIe-Fif-
teen Hundred People. saw the
Races.
Fifteen hundred people witnessed the
Thanksgiving. races at the Thuuderbott
driving park yesterday afternoon. The
weather was perfect, and while the track
was not fast. it was in fairly good condi-
ton.
Three heats decided the road race, with
amateur drivers, and the event was highly
interesting to the friends of the entries,
The starters were Helen Blazes. Wildwood,
Silver King Minnie and Prince. The race
was delayed somewhat by the inability of
the amateurs to get a good start. but
when Starter Bedford gave the word the
crowd showed that it enjoyed the contest,
and applauded every heat literally.
H. F. Kuck handled the favoEite, Helene
B.azes, in splendid STYLE and won out
in three straights. Max Kraft, behind
Madwood, put up a hot argument for two
heats, but could only land his horse sec
ond. Considering it was his first appear
ance as a track driver in public. his friends
were very much pleased. The best time
made was 2:34,. in the second heat.
The running race, with Miss Clay Maude
and KATE, provoked much merriment. The
little colored jockey, "Cookey," who rode
Miss Clay and won the race, was prime
favorite and his riding was quite a feature
of the afternoons sport.
The exhibition of the wonderful Rosco,
pacing a mile guideless, without a driver
or sulky, was beyond a doubt the event
of the day. AS he came on the track
decked out in the national colors he
caught the crowd, and although The track
was not fast, it did not stop the handsome
PAGER from going the mile In splendid style.
A. p. Doyle, driving a RUNNING pace
maker to a bike sulky, accompanied Ros-
co, and the chestnut gelding was roundly
cheered as he swept by the grand stand,
completing the mile in 2:19. This was ROs-
cos first appearance since his return from
the Southeastern circuit and he carried
his honors like veteran.
Adela, Opus aud Sloats Bitters were
sent a mile together, which greatly pleas
ed the audience. Adela proved too much
for the others and won with the other two
very close up. Taylor, the favorite trotter
of Mr.. ]. f. Chase, was 10 have started
in this contest, but he showed signs of
sickness and Mr. Chase concluded not to
start him. 81
The judges were w. II. Beford, who also
acted as starter, and E. j. Whelan and j.
W. Hunt
The crowd was p,eased with the entire
programme and Manager Doyle was com
plimented on the success of his entertain
ment.
The morning news. [volume] (Savannah, Ga.) 1887-1900, 1899-12-01
AT THE THEATER.
COrinne in s'The Little Host" To-
nights Attraction.

COrinne in ''The Little Host To-
nights Attraction.
"Corinne." who win be seen tonight for
the first time in several years, is one of
the most delightful little actresses on the
stage. There is nothing suggestive of ar
tificiality in her mirth. One does not
think of her as stimulating mlrth for
stated salary per night, but rather as
Jolly companion making fun because she
cannot help 1t. 1.-THE Little Host" the
play which Manager Junius Howe has ac-
quired as a vehicle in which to present
Corinne, was constructed by Edgar Smith
and Louis DeLange, the co-laborers who
have furnished Weber and Fields of New
York with all their successful pieces. The
comedy element is excellently well worked
out, the musical numbers are good, and
the play Is bright, tuneful and well staged.
Corinne's assistants in the merrymaking
are. r. E. Graham, William Pruette,
Louis DeLange, John J. Rafael, Arthur
Villars, Paul Bracket Ruth White,
Genevieve Reynolds, Natalia Olcott, EN-
lily Francis and Clarence Rogerson. The
performance has no dull moments, and
moves brlskly and gleefully from begin
ming to end. Merry song, graceful dance,
ridiculous situations and humorous dia-
logues succeed one another with kaleide-
scopic effect and rapidity.
The Myrkle & Harder Company, which
opens a weeks engagement at the Savan-
nah Theater Monday, Will produce al the
opening matinee Jerome ]. Rissers society
drama. WAS She Guilty." and at night
a complete production, with all the seen
cry and effects of Charles E. Callahan's
latest play, The Hoosier Heroine" a
pretty story Of Indiana life, with the
dainty little actress, Miss Emma Myrkle.
in the title role. The comedy of the piece
is in the hands Of win Harder. These two
stars have been surrounded by a cast of
unusual merit. Miss Myrkle and Mr.. Har-
der will not only assume the leading roles
of the play, but will introduce between
the acts their german and rag time spec
ialties. Other members of the cast that
will be seen in specialties are James r.
Field, Thomas T.. Shea, Phu Riser. and
moving pictures by Edison's latest picture
machine. Ladies' will be admitted free
Monday night, il accompanied by an es-
cort holding one paid ticket. Free tick
cts must be reserved in advance.