davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19

'centrales" have usually paid from S
to per cent of the weight of the cane
in raw sugar. If an acre of land here
In Santa Clara produces twenty-five
metric tons of ripe cane, the planter
receives for it from $500 to 1900 pounds
of centrifugal" sugar and a less
amount If he wants a high grade Of
refined sugar. Under the system Of
owning his own sugar works, he would
realize the full yield of about 1000
pounds of raw sugar to the acre. He
gets no rum and no molasses as he did
before, but receives about rs per cent
of the total product, all in sugar, leav-
ing the great factory to get all the
the grist, including the least amount of
rum and molasses. In the French COL
onies the "centrales" have made money.
The system has for many years been
In high favor. And so 1t has in Brazil
to some extent and with the English
in Natal If the planter is not always
content with this solution of his labor
troubles, the sugar miller certainly is,
because it transfers largely to labor it.
self the decision of it's own grievances.
Along these lines is unquestionably
to be found a mitigation of the worst
features Of the sugar problem in Cuba
The landholders talk encouragingly of
the "centrales." 1t is ripening sys-
>tem they say. They have already had
Clara and MatanZas. All the way to
Colon and on to Jovellanos and Santa
Domingo one catches glimpses, near
and far, of the tall and often ornate
chimneys of these magnificent wrecks.
F A. D.
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19

sumption that he Is still in the har-
ness, it may be put in evidence that,
while his head holds true to the theory
and practice of the law, his legs and
physical frame are beginning to weak
en-, so much so indeed that he has re-
Gently removed his law office from the
second story of a building in which he
has worked for a long period Of years
and is now on the ground floor. 1t is
also a notable fact that the change
was made necessary because the gen.
eral found it too great a tax on his
strength to climb the stairs. During
the absence of Mrs. Bragg. who is
travelling in Italy, the general is living
at the old home in Fond du Lac, keep
ing sort of bachelors hall where his
friends are ever welcome.
FIRST PUBLIC APPEARANCE.
when did I make my first appear
ance in public life?" Gen. Bragg,s mind
began to travel back over the journey.
of life, as he repeated the question.
He lay back on reclining chair,
stroked his grey beard, or rather
scratched it for a moment, and then
continued:
What do you mean by public life?
I first ran for district attorney of Fond
du Lac county. Wait moment I
made my first appearance in q speech
in favor of free salt and for Polk for
president in 1874, in Oswego county,
". Y. That was just before I entered
college, and I was sixteen years of age.
1t was at the raising Of a hickory
pole
ALWAYS A FREE TRADER.
Have always been a believer in free
trade. it would seem?"
Yes. as far as practicable. My po-
lftical school was that of Daniel s..
Dickinson and John A. Dix, the man
who made that famous speech, If any
one attempt to haul down the Amer
lean flag. shoot him on the spot My
political prayer book was The New
York Evening Post, edited by William
Cullen Bryant. When I returned from
college, three years after, my maiden
effort as public speaker. I was ap-
pointed superintendent of public in
struction under the old school system
In Oswego county. N. Y. and that was
my first public office.
Il have been a free trader ever since
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19

they are called, We're long ago convert
ed into the great central sugar fac
tories, which I shall refer to later. But
the larger number of these old man
orial sugar works, now ruined or dilap-
idated, were once costly and complete
structures. The equipment was siien-
tific and elaborate. The homes of the
old planters were everywhere sumptu-
Gus with luxury and ease. All the way
from Matanzas beyond the Yumur1,
and far into the cane; fields Of Santa
Clara, we behold the wreckage Of these
elegant country villas, where one used
to meet with the same delightful hos
pitality that once reigned supreme
among our own lordships Of the South
ern cotton belt. Somehow, as the re-
suit of the present investigation, I
have tried to conjure up the hope of a
partial resurrection at least Of this
grateful picture of the old content.
Just touch of the paternal customs,
the grateful manners and the chival-
rous courtesy is not likely to be wholly
effaced from the light-hearted life of
tropical Incidence. But the noble bar
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19
trusts have been created to enhance
the price.

trusts have been created to enhance
the price.
AS TO PRESIDENCY.
AS to the position of the Demo-
cratic party in 1900 it is hard to say
what it will be-"
A cloud swept over the features Of
the general. which settled down into
an expression CT sadness. AS he added:
Il have been trying to perSuad5 my
self that William j. Bryan will not be
a presidential candidate on the Demo-
cratic ticket, so-called, in 1900. / sin
cerely hope he will not. AS to the issue.
Senator Jones and Coin Harvey are
raising the devil generally. They pre-
sent one issue. and when I look at
them I can only think of the per-
tinacity with which some men who
find themselves on top, a place which
they never ought to- be, will fight to
maintain that the salvation of human
1ty depends on their being kept there.
Now there is Altgeld. who has to have
an issue. or he will get lost in the shut
1e; and Bryan who wants to act as
shepherd of the flock, is looking for an
issue in which he can coop all his for
mer children under his wing. But the
magnum bonum of 1t all Is How shall
we secure SucceSs?
NO1 n "A v NOfCAbLE III SION.
'sAs to the policy of expansion, it is
useless for outsiders to talk about what
they would do with the PHILIPPINES.
Abstract opinion amounts to nothing
Clipper opinion without responsibility
is even worse yet: negotiations should
have given us our coaling and naval
station, and that is all we want. The
God and humanity snivel is to
detract attention from what we are
doing in violation Of the constitution
Is a trick Of charlatans. To aid mis-
sionary methods it is impracticable
and can never accomplish the result
desired. as the missions in Asia and
Africa bear testimony. AS promoter
In the sale Of the Bible it may furnish
beautiful theme for discussion in the
Bible class or at the prayer meetings.
but In political economics and the rule
Of nations it would hardly be reliable
us a standard by which TO reconstruct
government and establish a foreign
policy
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19

par1an hlmSelf and his Spendthr1ft sons
are the once familiar figures that must
soon disappear In the shifting scenes
OF this stirring drama. :. t5 ~
I 1t is worth while TO be disabused,
right now and here, of certain distinc-
tive idea that prevails IN the United
states. Until most Americans learn
better we shall continue to beset by
many f1imsy fantasies about the Cuban
struggle. Flame and sword have
done terrible havoc in Cuba. But
they have only set the seal Of an eff
fective coup de grace on the everlast-
Ing torture that Cuba has suffered from
Its economic follies. The wretched
epitaph Of the Spanish fiscal policy
Is deeply craven on every scene of beg
carly woe from one end Of Cuba to
the other Ever since 1884 the advanc-
ing stride in beet sugar cultivation in
Europe was quietly sowing the harvest
Of inevitable disaster. Nations that had
long been heavy importers of sugar
from Cuba and Porto Rico then began
to export their own product. France
and Germany made better sugar, and
they made it more cheaply go long as
labor itself and the methods of sugar
making were both demoralized in these
Spanish possessions. In 1SS4-5 Germany
alone produced a larger crop of beet
sugar tIldu any -CTOU-OI CCLG-- sugar
that Cuba ever raised. France, Bel
gium, the Netherlands, Russia and
Austria Hungary produced more su
gar from beets in 1884 than the whole
worlds output in sugar from cane.
There was warming voice to be heard
in all this that Spanish statesmen were
too stupid to heed, but the sugar plant
ers quickly understood. For ten years
preceding the revolutionary outbreak
Of 1895 the German government actually
inflicted a more deadly blow on Spain's
interests in Cuba than the whole work.
Of American "flibusteros,, In the thirty
years struggle. In allowing a liberal
rebate on it's exported beet sugar that
was largely in excess of the domestic
tax on the beets Germany thus created
a bounty of half a cent a pound on it's
sugar exports. The Germans fairly
Jumped into their opportunity.
Consequently European beet sugar,
from Germany, especially, began to oc-
cupy the American market. Two tons
Of sugar to every ton consumed by the
Germans was exported. The price Of
sugar fell so low that our own Louisi-
ana planters, with a protective duty
of 21a cents a pound in their favor,
scarcely saved themselves from the
gravest calamity. In 1897 the imports
Of German sugar into the United States
rose to 755, 900 tons, an amount exceed
in:; the total of an average sugar crop
in Cuba And all this happened in spite
of q phenomenal crop Of a million tons
in this island in 1894, and the conse-
qucnt overstocking of the sugar mar.
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19

kets Of the world.
So at the very time that the sugar
planters here We're experiencing these
fearful disasters of the crisis of 1893
when raw sugar brought only IL cents
a pound in Sagua in Spanish gold,
Spain insisted on collecting an export
tax of $6 on every hogshead of raw
sugar I am credibly informed by in
telligent planters here that the total
taxation levied on the crops by means
of all the racking machinery of blood
making officials amounted at one time
to 143 per cent of the value of the raw
product. while under the less onerous
impositions of Spanish craftsmanship
the planter barely had left as much as
a cent a pound for the total cost of
producing his crop. In fact these in
tensified conditions were just what pre-
cipitated the insurrection of '95. The
Economic crisis really gave to the po-
litical uprising its overwhelming onset.
1t was this collapse of the vast aggre-
gated wealth of the sugar industry
in Cuba, rapidly ebbing away under
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19

ber tubing has been utilized in the machine
There are besides 5000 bellows and 1000
valves. It has also twenty-six pedals, and
in addition to tho regulation keyboard has
two additional sets Of stationary valve but
tons and flute apparatus nearly. hidden by
original patents. The organ has 6-inch pres.
sure and each of the figures are worked from
the center. OF course, these figures are
worked by means of the valves and bellows
the musician wants a certain figure to toot
her part he has simply to open the valves
and the figure does the rest.
When the orchestra is first seen the lay
figures seated. The professor we will
suppose. starts his overture on the organ
and plays it through. The orchestra is then
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19
autOIlat0n Orchestra.

From the Chicago Times Herald.
pneumatic orchestra, the playing of the
''Walkure'' or the "Gotterdammerungp by
automatons, under the guidance of Just one
musician-such is the latest device that Prof.
Bruce Miller claims he has invented and per-
fected. Whether in the future this invention
will develop to such an extent that it will
threaten the profession of the wide-awake
flesh and blood musicians is a matter which
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19

posed of life-size figures, which could pro-
duce the same result that living flesh and
blood musicians produced in an orchestra
blowing through their several instruments.
The present orchestra of Dr.. Miller is COM
posed OF twelve young women, figures, of
sisters would be we're they in an orchestral
Each young woman plays certain instru-
ment, the automatic orchestra devised by DR..
Miller comprising the following reed, string
piccolo. flute, trombone, metalophone, bass
violin. cymbals, triangle. bass drum and
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19
WONDERFUL
MUSICIANS IN
PAPER MACHE.

ou. soon ne returned to his first love, music,
ana soon invention in that connection became
a positive hobby with him. To invent some
thing new, something that would be so far
removed from the ordinary productions in
music that it would set the world talking he
came his sole purpose and ambition. He
toiled night and day to realize this object and
believes he has at last produced novelty the
like Of which no musical inventor, however
daring, has ever attempted
He conceived an automatic orchestra COM
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19
THIS FROG 4 WEATHER PROPHET,


Here is q frog
which Is said to fore
tell charges in the
weather more accu-
rately than the wealth
er bureau.
The little reptile IS
kept in a high jar
filled with water and
a ladder.
This wise little and
NAL Is g. native Ct
Germany, and a num-
Der Of specimens have
recently been import
ed by a large animal
dealer on East Cyr5n1
street, New York.
i he barometer frog
is able to prophecy
because he is ssnsi-
tive to barometrio
pressure. When the
atmosphere is clear he
climbs I'D above the
water and suns him
self on the topmost
round of the ladder.
He quickly notices
any changes, and
when the barometer
changes slips back
again to the lower
rounds of the ladder.
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19
[)I 4 n g
| BARGAINS!

All in good condition. If consid-
ering the purchase of a Piano, this
will be an interesting list to look
over:
Two square, one at SIS and an
other at $50. Cable & Son upright,
$7S. Wesley upright. S10O. Weber
upright, Sis. Kimball upright,
walnut case, S14o; has been used
only three years. Christie up
right, $145; this-is an unusual bar
gain. Valley Gem upright, ma
hogany case, with mandolin at
tachment, S1s5; it has only had 3
mouths use. Gilmore large size.
upright. mahogany clse, almost
new, S185. Flne-looking Fischer,
walnut case, with delicately carved
panels, S1e5; it's in perfect condi-
ton. Chickering upright, rose
wood case, returned from renting,
been nsed little over year, $500.
Decker Bros. upright, English oak
case, practically new, not mar or
blemish on it, S325; it's tone is
beautiful.
Any reasonable monthly pay
ments will! be accepted on the above
instruments.
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19
snare drum. The twelfth lay ngur. is the

snare drum. The twelfth lay figure is the
conductor.
MANIPULATING THE FIGURES.
The query will naturally arise: How arc
all these figures manipulated so that each
and all can play their several parts upitedly
and harmoniously2 This is accomplished by
means of pneumatic tubings, etc., connected
to an organ which the operator musician
himself operates. DR.. Miller has built his
own organ. His machine is Is feet in length
IL In width and 12h in height. It's weight Is
miles Of composition. lead and tin and rub
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19
Sure toBe Populer.

The new Ordinary sleeping-car service
established by the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad,
giving passengers comfortable nights rest
fofmaon sesssdins these cars s0a ADDRESS Geasa
O. HaAAe, D. P. a, st. Paul. or B, N,
Austin, q. r. 4. Chicago, III.
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19

1t would be difficult to answer now. As tie
Mergenthaler linotype machine has sup
planted the hand compositor and reduced
manual labor,-so DR.. Miller believes his in
vention will in time be a labor saving device
in the musical field
DIR. MILLER THE INVENTOR
DIR. Bruce Miller is genius. Fifteen years
ago he came with his parents from Memphis,
Mo. A young man then, he was literally ab-
sorbed in music. 1t was the one passion of
his life, and he almost lost his mind over It,
His father forbade him to follow it's study
any farther, and placed him in the College Of
Physicians and Surgeons, whence he gradu-
ated IN 1886.
For three years be practiced his profession.
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19

I have come here because this is
nearly the geographical center Of the
richest area of sugar-cane production
in Cuba, If not in the world. Eastward
from Matanzas and far along the pop
ulous highways of Santa Clara some
of the most princely sugar estates of
this island are to be found, nominally
sugar barons of this famous territory.
Whether the baron is now to be treat
ed as a mythical parsonage depends a
great deal ON the condition Of his mort
gage debts. If there is any hope in
sight for collecting claim from the
United States for the pillage and de-
struction Of magnificent properties by
the insurgents, the sugar planter will
not shuttle off his opportunities. He
will indulge in no squeamishness about
his political antecedents. Some of these
extensive sugar mills or "ingenios,' as
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19

Cur Great Universities-HowC Costly
They Are.
The request made some time ago by the
president of the University of Chicago for an
additional 5000, 600 to be added to its endow-
ment funds shows how costly thing a great
university is. This institution is one of the
youngest of the great schools of the country;
It has already received in endowments about
$4,000 600, but yet there is an annual def
cheney of something like $200,000 which is
not provided for and has to be raised from
outside sources. To provide for this about
s., 000, 600 more should be added to- the reve-
nue-producing funds OF the institution. Tue
University of Chicago is not in this respect
an exception to the general rule in this coun-
try. 1t costs over 81 OO0, 900 annually to run
Harvard university, and its endowment is
about 50, 600 600. Yale has funds aggregating
$4 b82, 600 and yet the institution is poor and
is always pressed for adequate fl ids to carry
on its educational work Columbia, in the
city of New York. has 49, 400, 600 in funds, but
1t is restricted in each of its departments by
lack Of money. Some of the other universl-
ties in this country having large productive
funds are: Cornell, New York, So, 300 900:
Girard, Pennsylvania. $15 600; Johns Hop
kins, Maryland $1,000, 600; Leland Stanford
Jr., California, $S, 500, 600; Northwestern
illinois, $2.465,00o; Tufts, Massachusetts,
81, 100 900: University of Pennsylvania, S. 422,
660 Vanderbilt university SLIGO, 600, and Wes-
leyan university, $1,172, ,000 The number of
schools with endowments of less than s, ,OOO, 600
are to be counted by the score.-Globe Year
Book and Almanac.
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19
SUGAR IN CUBA.
A Trip Into Santa Clara Province.

SANTO DOMINGO, Cuba, Feb. A.
This little provincial city. about 175
miles eastward by rail from Havana,
is not specially important nor at
tractive municipality in rural Cuba. 1t
is wayside inn. 1t lies In the lap of a
wonderfully productive. region. all Of
which is tributary to the five great
sugar seaports colloquially known here
as the "Cinco villas" It's chief i'm
portance is it's railway junction be-
tween Sagua on the north and Glen
fuegos on the south coast of Santa
Clara province, while 1t also attracts
a steady stream of inland traffic be-
tween Matanzas and Remedies. In
ordinary times Santo Domingo is
reached by six or. seven hours r,
from Havana, through many scenes OF
tropical loveliness. Today the aspect
lation. Gaunt destitution is the most
painfully picturesque feature of the
journey.
The railway line from Havana was
we'll built with British capital, many
years ago, and it is London promoters
who are now busy in buying up every
other railway franchise in Santa Clara.
Just at present there is more disgust
and less peril for the brave traveller
on Cuban railways. The cars are grim
and nasty, and smell horribly of gar
lie and ammonia. The locomotives
sniffie and wheeze like a broken-d down
cab horse struggling with the epizoo-
tic. The freight charges and passenger
rates are something frightful. And
the reason is that in the business of
running a railroad in Cuba the ra-
q y -
left only phantom dividends for the
shareholders pockets, but a free dis
tribution Of current cuss words for
whoever pays his money for the choice
of softly Spanish or ugly American
phrases.
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19

ready for action. The leader thereupon Ia
lay figure, of course) rises, mods to the audi
ence turns to the orchestra waves his baton
and the band begins to play.
DUMMIES LOOKED REAL.
To a person at distance everything looks
bona ide Indeed, 1t would never be sus-
pected that figures OF papier mache did the
blowing, for the fingers Of the violinist the
futist, the picooist and other players move
up and down the instruments with every
note Now and then a solo or duet is
played. The figures taking these parts arise.
bow to the audience, and then proceed with
their part. 1t is done SO real and lifelike
that one is easily fooled thereby. Of course,
the musician operator at the organ'works the
whole contrivance. 1t goes with saying that
the better and more widely versed musician
he is the better the concert he can produce
with his orchestra. This means that there
variety of pieces to be played depend wholly
upon the repertoire which the musician
operator himself possesses.
This, too, means that this pneumatic
lated by musicians of more than ordinary
ability. He must know the whole orchestra
ton of piece that is to be played. This
school. This should therefore cause no
loss OF sleep or disturb the equanimity Of the
present generation OF musicians who might
dread the possibilities of DIR. Miller's inven-
ton beating them out of a job.
The figures are CONSTRUCTED Of papier ma
che, and not of wax. 1t va found that wax
would not do. Every bit of the work was
done here In Chicago for the simple reason,
which will no doubt surprise many people,
that in no other city of the country could
mechanics be found expert enough to con-
struct the delicate machinery demanded by
DIR. Miller. Miss Mamie Frey, an expert
matchmaker at 556 West Madison street,
manufactured the delicate machinery which
moves the heads, arms and eyes OF the
figures. She also completed the mechan-
isms of the snare drums and violins after re-
peated failures by other parties.
Dr. Miller's work has been conducted for
over a year past in an empty store on the
West side. He has frequently had as many
Z as dozen workmen helping him. The in
yention will be submitted to Commissioner
Peck and Space demanded at the Paris
position for its exhibit That part of the
Invention which connects the organ with the
figures has been called the console by DR..
Miller.
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19

ready for action. The leader thereupon IA
lay figure, of course) RISES mods to the audi
ence. turns to the orchestra, waves his baton
and the band begins to play
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19

BRUCE M1LLER's AUToMAr orIoN ORCHESTRA
The Saint Paul globe., 1899-02-19

barian himself and his spendthrift sons
are the once familiar figures that must
soon disappear In the shifting scenes
of this stirring drama. ~,
The Brunswick times. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 188?-1900, 1899-06-18
For Over Fifty Years.

As OLD AND WELL-TRIED RRMEDY
Mrs. winslow's Soothing syrup has
been used for over ATTY years BY mill
lions Of mothers for their children,
while teething, with perfect success.
1t soothes the shiId, softens the gum
sllays all pain, cures wind collie, and
+. the best remedy for DiarrhSa. Ia
pleasant to the taste. Sold By drug
glsts in every part OF the world.
Twenty-Five cents bottle. It's yalne
: incalcnlsble. Be sure and ask for
Mrs. winslow's Soothing syrup, and
take no other kind.