davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14
To Grow Violets Successfully,

One ail-important item in the cul-
ture Of violets is ventilation. They
must have fresh air and plenty of it
at all times. Good ventilation is easily
secured by placing blocks under the
ends of the sash. They will require
careful watching during the bright
sunny days, to prevent the tempera-
ture from rising too high. The nearer
it can be kept at from fifty-five to
sixty degrees during the blooming sea-
son the better. Cooler temperature
before time for blooming will be nee
essary. During severe winter weather
it will be necessary to cover the sash
with manure, strawy litter or old car
pets to keep out the cold. These COW
erings should not remain on during
the daytime, unless it seems necessary.
AS to watering the grower will have
to use some judgment. Violets must
never be allowed to dry out, and re-
quire considerable water. Allow plen-
ty Of water, but avoid daily soaking,
whether needed or not. It is rather a
difficult matter to grow violets in the
house, the hot dry heat of the ordi-
nary living-room being disastrous to
the health of the plant.-Woman's
Home Companion.
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14

taken up, is of far less use IN tbem
tnan would be the study of agricu1tnre
Inc Higher Reader" the Advanced
Grammar" or the complete Geogra-
phy can well be given less time. and
agriculture be given a place upon the
common school course; at least for
tnose who choose to take it.
Agriculture is little more than the
applying OF natural laws. In other
words the farmer steers nature into
such courses as give the best results
ana the sooner he learns the laws of
nature and how to best apply them tn
MS needs the better for him. The ideas
tnat are impressed upon the young
mind are the ones that stay closest by
US through life. Much complaint is
neard that our common school courses
are not practical; that pupils usually
come out of them without knowing
much of the subjects that thew are
taught in school. The complaint is
well founded and the reason is that
they have little chance to practically
apply-in every day life-what is
taught them in school. But this need
not be true OF agriculture for it's prin-
c1ples could be observed working and
put into daily use at home. I am an
earnest advocate Of the teaching of the
principles of agriculture in our coun
try schools. Let us hear from Others
on the subject. --B. NJ. Vaughan in
Farmers Review. E y
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14

er can reduce the clods by his machine,
or If not, they will be up where nature
can gradually dissolve them by the
action of heat, cold and moisture.
When the son is dry, or only little
damp just at the top, the careful farm
er does not hesitate to pasture his stalk
field, and when the soil is in this con-
dttion thin clod is formed just under
the hoof-print, but it is near the sur
face of the soil, and when the soil is
turned over with the plow this thin
clod Is turned down out of sight into
the bottom of the furrow, and is never
seen by the farmer again. He makes
a perfect seed-bed Of the surface Of his
freshly -plowed soil, but does not see
the clods and air spaces that rest on
the bottom of the burrows where the
root zone is. "A dry pressed brick is
made by using perfectly dry earth
pressed together by heavy pressure,
and clod is made the same way.
A wet or mud brick is made by ap-
plying a smaller pressure to wet soil.
The difference is not between the
moisture in the soil, but is simply
difference OF pressure applied, hence
clod made in wet soil will be thicker
than one made in dry soil, and never
is a dry soil exempt from clods except
when the pressure is kept off. Hence,
the careful. farmer makes just as many
c1ods as his careless neighbor. The
only difference is that ones clods are
not quite SO thick as the others, and
that the careless man will have his
clods on top after plowing, where the
rains can dissolve them, or where the
clod-crushing machinery can destroy
them, while the careful man, who
thinks he is so much superior to his
neighbor, will have Just as many clods
but not SO thick ones, and he will hide
his clods from sight and put them
down into the root zone, where they
will be protected from all breaking up,
and they will never be destroyed by
any machinery that is made, nor by
natures elements, until they are again
put on the surface year later sby the
plow. Now, which would you rather
have, the clods on top, where they can
be broken up or down in tho roo. zone,
whore they are fully protected and
who're thsy cheat the root srowth. lust
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14
FARM AND GAR DEN.
MATTERS OF INTEREST ~
s: AGRlcULTURlSTS. 0
some Up-to-Date Hints About Cut
tivntion of tile Sou aud Yields
Observation-Disclosures yiticulture and
l. q Horticulture. FL .&*.1 3$g1
X ~ 2. IL.
About ClodA

: = Clarence =. Norton, writing in the
Kansas Farmer, expresses some excel
lent thoughts on :clod crushing. we
make the following extracts: ..E5
The condition of the soil; and the
season Of 1897, have been great fnan-
c1al drawbacks to Kansas farmers vet,
II they study the conditions carefully,
1t may, in the future, be of advantage
70 them. In the first place the winter
was more open than usual, and the
ground did not freeze as much as u.s.
ual, and the cattle that grazed the corn
stalk fields all winter punched up the
fresh soil in great shape, and the com
plant against the cloddy condition of
the soil Is general and louder than
usual. All this complaint results be-
cause the cattle sink a little deeper
tnan usual into the soil. Not single
year passes but what the cattle will
make the same amount of clods, only
we do not see them, and we are una
ware OF their presence. The coming
intensive farmer will never allow any
stock. except sheep, to run in his stalk
ne1ds-1n fact, there will be no stalk
fields, as the fodder will be all cut up
and hauled off to be fed. The farmer
who thinks he is a careful man, much
more careful than his neighbor. will
not allow his cattle in his stalk field,
except when the soil is dry, while
his neighbor will not allow them in
the field every day. wet or dry, and
farmer No. thinks he is much wiser
than farmer No. 2, and he has a great
pity for his ignorant neighbor who
feeds his stalks wet or dry, alike.
When the soil is wet the cattle slump
down deep into the soil, and a clod is
made below the bottom of the hoof-
print, just the same as clod of wood
Is formed in front of the square point
OF cut nail that is being driven into
a board. AS this clod is punched down
deep into the soil it will be on top If
the soil just as soon as the soil is
turned over by the plow, and the farm
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14
Dry-Plate Photography.


The first amateur pictures on dry
plates were made something after the
method employed by Charles Lambs
celebrated Chinaman in obtaining
roast pig. The Chinaman burned his
house to roast his pig; the amateur
tore his camera to pieces to get his
picture. The first hand camera was
a pateboard box containing one plate.
A pinhole served as lens, and after
the exposure of the plate the box was
taken to the dark room, cut open,
and the plate extracted. This was
rather expensive picture-making and
it was not long before magazine ca
mera was invented; and suddenly all
the world began taking pictures. The
date Of the invention of the dry-plate
dates back scarcely eighteen years;
but in that short time the growth and
application of photography have been
so remarkable that it can be compared
to nothing more aptly than to the
amazing development of the genie
which the unlucky fisherman released
from the jar. In 1880 the outlay for
Photographic material was, in round
numbers, $4,000. Ten years later it
amounted to $2,500,O00. During the
first-named year perhaps one hundred
and fifty persons were employed in it's
manufacture. Today one single firm
has fifteen hundred employees. This
firm alone manufactures in a week so
much sensitive film that, if made into
one long strip seven inches wide, it
would measure over one hundred miles
in length.
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14


Many Varieties Of Pigeons,-The fol-
lowing varieties Of pigeons appear in
the last premium List OF the Boston
pigeon show: Carriers, pouters, pigmy
pouters. barbs, tumblers, short-face
tumblers, inside tumblers, long-face
clean-leg tumblers, long-face bald or
beard tumblers, saddle tumblers, muf-
fed beard tumblers, muf1ed barred
tumblers, jacobines, owls, African
owls, Chinese owls, trumpeters, fan
tails, oriental, frihs, blondinettes, sa-
tinettes, bluettes. silverettes, turb1-
teens, turbits, magpies, swallows, fairy
swallows, dragons, nuns. archangels,
tipplers and homers. Each Of these va
rieties Il divided into several classes
chiefly On the score g coloring
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14
Child Wanted q Divorce.

The lawyer was sitting at his desk
absorbed in the preparation of brief.
So bent was he on his work that he
did not hear the door as it was pushed
gently open, and see the curly head
that was thrust into his Office. A lit
tie sob attracted his notice, and turn
ing he saw a face that was streaked
with recent tears and told plainly that
the little ones feelings had been hurt.
"Well, my little one did you want to
see me?" care you lawyer?" eyes.
What is it you want?" II want" and
there was sresolute ring in her voice,
.tI want q divorce from my papa and
mamma. want it real quick, too"
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14

tho dreadful march through the marsh
es which followed. On the whole, the.
sl elephant 'l1s as an engine OF war was 9.
syeryd ubious success, and with the. ;ad-E
vance Of civilization his: Importance
has constantly diminished though he
IS still used In India for dragging
heavy ordnance and the like. {. I.
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14
Ancient Hospital.

It is generally believed that hospi-
tails were unknown to the ancients, but
the London Standard reports that the
remains Of an ancient hospital have
been unearthed near Baden, containing
! fourteen rooms supplied with many
kind Of medical, pharmaceutical and
surgical apparatus, probes. tubes, pin
GERS, .cauterizing Instruments, and even
"a collection Of safety pins for bandag-
ing wounds. There are also medicine
spoons Of bone and silver, measuring
vessels, Jars and pots OF ointment.
some still containing traces Of the.
ointment used. :
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14

New Zea1and's Frozen Meat Trade.
The American stockmen are directly
interested in the frozen meat trade
mat distant countries are building up
Win the European markets. Our own
trade is bound to be affected to a con-
siderable extent, though up to this
time we have not greatly felt the COM
petition. The United States consul
In New Zealand reports that the frozen
meat industry Of that colony has de-
veloped with extraordinary rapidity,
and has attained such magnitude as to
make its projectors proud. It was
started by New Zealanders in 1882,
who formed the original freezing COM
panies. It's present dimensions have
been attained by private enterprise
alone, and TO this enterprise the mag
.nif1cent fleet Of steamers now engaged
In this trade between New Zealand
and England owe, in great measure,
their existence. It can hardly be
said that the introduction OF frozen
meat into the London market from
Australasia had advanced beyond an
1enxperliime e PEI y e entail stage until about 1881,
during ln which year about Il, 900 car
casses Of frozen mutton were shipped
TO London from Australia, and also
g limited amount of beef. Il Is said:
that only about one-third of thia ship-
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14
Horticulture In Public Schools.

1t seems that the time has come when
the agricultural press of the country
should begin to systematically agi-
tate the question of teaching the ele-
ments Of agriculture and horticulture
in the country schools. The time was
when the principles of agriculture were
not well understood, by even the best
farmers, and no textbook was avail
able for use in such schools. But the
past few years have completely revo-
lutionized the subject, and now there
are several excellent elementary works
on that subject we'll adapted to country
school work. It is safe to say that two
thirds of the pupils who attend our
country schools will stay upon the
farm, and such being the case, it is
right that the course in such schools
be so shaped as to be best adapted to
their needs. Much of the work there
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14
At Dinner.

At Dinner.
Mrs. Hashley-What is the matter
with your spring chicken, Mr., Star
boarder? Starboarder (wearily)-
Nothing; only it seems to have lived
through an unusually long spring
New York World.
Not Worth tho Trouble.
"This internal, revenue" said the
government agent, as his baby cough
ed up cent, els scarcely worth the
trouble of collecting" Boston Tran
script. ~ t~' :
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14

ment reached London in good con,li-
tion, the other parts being described
as irregular in condition and unsatis-
factory. .-r.s.,,s, u. .
In 1882 two shipments Of frozen meat
were made from New Zealand, COM
prising about 5000 carcasses, which
reached their destination in good con-
dition- A small quantity Of beef and
about 10000 carcasses OF mutton were
shipped to England from New Zealand
while only one-half that amount was
shipped from Australia. In 1882 the
entire shipment of meats amounted to
l,707 ,32S. This amount had increased
In 1895 to 123,576,544 pounds.
This whole business depends on the
cooling or freezing plants that have
been invented during the last two de-
caces. BY means of these machines
the air is reduced to, say, 70 degrees
below zero. and at this temperature the
meat is quickly frozen. The steamers
that carry the meats also have COOL
Ing plants that enable them to keep
down the temperature of the air in
the holds of the vessels to a point
where the meat remains permanently
frozen. The possibilities Of these
plants are so great that a cargo OF
meats could be carried several times
around the world without detriment
to its quality It will thus be seen
that the frozen meat trade of the
countries in the southern hemisphere
is bound to develop. The hope is that
the ratio of consumption Of meats in
the European markets will continue to
Increase as rapidly as the supplies.
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14
A Documental Insult.

cousin Julia has given up her trip
abroad" What for?'' n '*'She found
that her passport described her as hav-
ing large mouth. ~ Chicago Record
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14

seats are protected In wet weather by
making the seat in upper and lower
sections, the upper portion being tilted
up in a vertical position when 1t
storms.
Gloves can be stretched while dry
ing by using new device formed Of
single piece of spring wire bent to the
shape Of the hand and inserted in the
glove to distend the interior.
furniture, fishing poles, etc., are re-
duced in size and shaped as desired
by new machine, composed of a ta-
pering metallic die, heated to a gray
heat, into which the stalks are forced,
the heat melting the siliceous coating
and fibers into a plastic state.
The sides Of trenches and other ex-
cavations can be securely held from
caving in by new brace, which has
fixed head at one end to brace one
side Of the ditch, while a screw is
inserted in the opposite end to carry
an adjustable head which is opened
until it presses against the other side
of the ditch.
Baby carriages are changed into
cradles by new device, consisting of
a pair of rockers connected by cross
bars, with slots cut in the bars in
which the wheels Of the carriage are
placed to prevent them from turning
while the carriage is being rocked.
To prevent the tops of curtains from
looping over above when they are pin
ned to the hooks a plain or waved
vertical extension is fixed on the face
OF the ordinary hook, on which the
end Of the curtain is fastened, thus
holding it up and making neater ap-
pearance.
In new soldering iron the handle
forms a reservoir for petroleum or
other volatile oils, which are fed
through pipe to burner inside the
head, where the oil is changed into
gas by the heat and forced against the
interior of the tip to heat it,
An improved method of preventing
the wires of fence from sagging con-
sists of placing pulleys in the end posts
to a roller, which has a weighted lever
attached to keep the wires tight on
the roller
An improved mucilage bottle has a
water compartment surrounding the
mucilage holder, with wick running
from the water to a perforated collar
around the neck, which is filled with
an absorbent to keep the interior of
the neck moist and prevent the muci-
lage from drying on.
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14
Charity. !

Charity begins at home.
JangleYes, and even then man
can't help getting mad at his wife
sometimes. New York Journal.
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14

tnat' and feed some other diets. Now,
as matter of fact, strictly speaking,
mere Is no such thing as oyerfeeding
poultry. 1t is not how much you feed
tnat Injuries the hen, but the way you
1eea IT, A poorly-fed hen is poor egg
producer. 1t is food that makes hens
lay' and if fed properly too much can
not be given. We are told that a very
lat hen will not lay, which is most
certainly true, but a hen fed as she
should be will not get fat. Hens
should be gradually supplied with food
during the day, so that when night
comes on their hunger is entirely ap-
peased. No matter what you feed,
make them work for it, and eat It
slowly. Make them scratch for all
grain and keep them busy from morn
ing till night, and you will find that
there will be no overfed hens in your
dock.-Home and Farm.
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14
Overlooking.

Overlooking.
II you have hen to die suddenly,
or your flock quits laying, you are at
once told that you are overfeeding;
that you should discontinue this and
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14
3 'sS5. fEsl
Blunt.

..The man marry, /" said the Blonde.
Widow, must be q hero He Will
be. 4 remarked the Savage Bache1or
Cincinnati Inquirer.
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14
RECENT INVENTIONS,

Park benches and other outdoor
seats are protected in wet weather by
making the seat in upper and lower
sections, the upper portion being tilted
up in a vertical position when 1t
storms.
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14

Gloves can be stretched while dry
ing by using new device formed Of a
single piece of spring wire bent to the
shape Of the hand and inserted in the
glove to distend the interior.
The Cook County herald., 1899-01-14

An improved method of preventing
the wires of fence from sagging con-
sists of placing pul1eys in the end posts
to a roller, which has weighted lever
attached to keep the wires tight on
the roller.
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1899-01-01
nosToN,s NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS..

CAS- view by an expauslonist)
There's IA set OF Boston quakers
Whore afraid OF wind and breakers,
they are mugwumps who have never
shifted 4 breeze.
And they trernble for the fate
or the gallant ship OF state.
II she ventures on the stormy China seas.
All these golfer statesmen. banker
Just 10 drop the good ships anchor
In TIE Frog Pond or the ever calm Back
BAY.
where they'd feed The crew on Ibsen
And the portraIture of Gibson
Ard the operas Of Wagner. nigh; and
day.
should the kaiser try to steal her.
Then these mariners would keel her
And tie her with rope q Bunker Hiil,
l. L the keen east wind should rock her.
I,en taess INT It's ~. W ~ aook her
n chill.
Ana thus tangle up her rigging
when they let her take spin along tire
Charles.
Never fear for her. for. bless US,
Dear oh Harvard's great professors
Would shin along tho guys and mend the
snar.s.
II a shark or hornn7ut gored her.
The Reform Club tzrs would board Her,
otlivIoas 10 river smells and damp:
And In patert leather up0ers
Trey would glide along the scuppers.
Led by Edward ard his famed Aladdin
lamp
0mnipresent and omnisclsat.
Inwse boStonians proficient
81, Up nights besiste the uniyerSe's brink:
Re the subject ind session.
Or an e%3terfc Que<tin
These BostonABs can solve IL in twink
when they fan f1r soeaI topics.
I1en they curse the distant frNpscs
Ana ssI@usioa they doD!nGts q sell
Next ;ney damn ;he poor equator.
And mos; savagely Dera5e her.
tor he'll"
He'd re fate - Greece and Rsns.'
They exhert. and stay a. hornet''
Irving Wlnslow and Gam Bradford call
Us SFu~gss
WY. ne blasted uumbskuus.' say they
MJss' r. crazy. bv the nay they
Grab These. G34-far~akea lslansls fun Of
sE1nks-"
We invoke tne constitution"
Tt%E exEe8}ru. ''I:$ ;sroS*itntsan
t'sr - wan those Fl.'pinas in car Gas:
TAoss ol3 3agnes We can. bear EN-
~ yea re fauHd ta hsve a aarez1-
Iae1 sect one when y0a navea't ST.
Tafy wsr,s save as great sxpens@s.
Ara wc2G snare iLs grave efFeaszs,
SaZh as Masss alflo't even care - SPEAK
S-as original. ncvtsac.
~ .ttssr1z AZ. terrific
To resesyse them az weu'i take bar: a
week.
S8ch another wn43.ux fey
ssvsr sa@ I, nor I'D VOC.
Way, you'3 ths1k tAe gallant ship was
no% r wreek
EAeZ IN f&fs ssa's ANR&N9 gtrgtg ~.
IS q st-sng t0r Cjorv's sac
- yns z s=etser G. nd On h<ssra .rA -. o.
-EaEars F Burns ia Boston G.oss,
The Seattle post-intelligencer. [volume] (Seattle, Wash. Terr. [Wash.]) 1888-1914, 1899-01-01

Reaently London magazine sent out
lao Inquiries on the question. What IL
Homer" In selecting the classes tn re-
spond to the question, II was particular
ia see that every one WAS represented.
The poorest and the richest wee given
an equal opportunity 10 express their
sentiment out OF $50 replies received.
seven gems were selected, aS follows:
!. Home: 4 world or strife shu; out. a
world OF love shat In.
. Home; The place where the small
are great and the great smar.
2 Home: The fathers kingdom, the
mothers world and the ehi.d's paradise.
Home: The place where We gr7Irnb.e
tire most and are treated the best
s. Home The center OF oar affection,
round which our hearts best wishes twine.
g. Home: The place where car stonachs
set three square meals daily and our
hearts Il thousand
:, Home. TIE only place on earth where
the faults and failings Of humanity are
hidden under the sweet mantle Of charity
In general, every answer pictured II as
something beautiful. The rich man loved
70 because II was Il place where he coud
cast on the stiffness OF formaiity and caste
ami enjoy life as his natural senses dc
tatel. The poow man portrayed Il as
haven ~ rest ami comfort. whore he found
rest fer his tired body and Cantcntalent
Cor his heart. Those in moderate clrCunaa
stances agreed VITA the extreme above ana
below tAe1a- There Is a good lesson in this
sehiccts. tor occasionally ono siads pessi-
mist who can see none Of the beauties OF
a home. The man Is no. poor who 10 ssss-
ses home and q happy family or happy
SURROUNDINGS -Denxcr Times