Virginian-pilot. (Norfolk, Va.) 1898-1911, 1899-06-20

! essary to make their measures legal
! ana he appoints the presiding officer of
each diet. who has extensive powers
over the arrangement of business and
may dissolve the diet at any time upon
order from the crown.
POWER OF THE EMPEROR.
The power of the emperor as chief ex-
ecutiVe is very extensive. The ministry
is responsible TO him personally and not
10 the reichsrath. In this respect the
system Is similar to that of Germany.
whereas IN other governments under
the parliamentary form the monarch
mas practically lost his theoretical right
OF Veto in Austria the emperor does
not hesitate TO disapprove bills passed
by the parliament. The numerous
party groups in the house of represent
atives, which on account of race an
taSoniSm, to be explained later cannot
act together 10 form an effective oppo-
sition TO the ministry, give the emper-
or opportunity to play Off one party
against another and SO govern with a
free hand according TO his own lmperial
will. Austrian government thus has
personal character which very few
modern states exhibit. The popular
confidence in the Justice and good judg-
ment of the present emperor makes the
Austrian people content to submit to
his personal government to an extent
would tolerate in these days of demo.
cratic aspirations. When the good en-
pcror finally lays down the reins of
government he has held for half a CEN
fury Austria is likely to demand al
much larger measure OF self govern
ment through her parliament than she
enjoys at present.
THE KINGDOM OF HUNGARY.
The second element in the dual mon
archy is the kingdom OF Hungary.
This country, which has been ruled bv
the imperial line OF Austria since 1926.
Possesses distinct government, found
ca on the independent institutions de-
Ncloped long before the country fell
INTO the hands of the royal house OF
Austria. Hungary, like Austria, is in.
hapiieu by several distinct races, but
Sihce me ninth century. when the
VI aEyals invaded the region from Asia
ana conquered it, they have controlled
lAS government. Although the Mag
vars DO not constitute Il majority OF
Inc population, they far outnnmber any
other single race element and thus in
inc absence OF union among the other
races, theN dominate the government
The house of Austria after lis ac-
cess.on in the sixteenth century tried to
destroy the Independence of the Hunga-
ran klnsdom. but the proud Magyar
HopIes met with stubborn resistance the
mine their national institutions and
succeeded in maintaining Il large meas
utc 81 scil-gONernmcnt. When in 1919
francis Joseph. the present emperor.
tried 10 absorb his cas- eTn kingdom int
, Austria hungary issued a declaration
OF independence and under the lcau of
LOUIS Nossuth attempted to make good
mat declaration with the sword AUS
lriit conqucied, however. with the aid
/ 81 RUSSIA and for ten years Francis
Ia .H..,. 4,
ltut the country WAS so FESTIVE under
inc suppression of its Independence that
Austria, which had meantime lost part
Oh its italian possessions, deemed il pru-
, cent 10 coici'iate the unylelding Hun
bdrians before the smoldering fires of
discomfort broke into blaze of rcvolu
Ton 50 series of negotiations between
the emperor ana his q -sscntented SUBJ
1ects ended in 1861 in the recognition of
the present legislative independence OF
| hungry. Francis Joseph was then
crowned king OF Hungary. according to
the ancient custom ana The existing
pan OF a dual monarchy went into eff
feet.
TIE HUNGARIAN PARLIAMENT.
The Hungarian government is quite
similar to the Austrian in its general
outlines. The parliament Is a two-cham-
hcred body, m, de up OF a house OF mag
mates ana a chanher Of depu les The
ln COMPOSITION. ia is composed Of those
members Of The titled nobility who pay
ldnd taxes amounting 10 n least $1,000
annually of the high officers of the Ro-
man ca hoiic, Greek md Proiestan,
churches. of certain government ON
cials and of life members appointed by
the king. The nobility has the unusual
privilege OF seek ng election 10 the
chamber o. deputies. II mobiles are
chosen deputies tn V resign temporarily
ha D .
magnaies. Since. as in ali countries
where luinistarial responsibility is in
force, the rupular house Is the more in
lucntiaL tho mobiles Frequently avail
themselves az the opportunity to enter
the more important If less disnined.
body.
The chamber Of deputies is made up
81 representatives elected for a term OF
i've years. The qualifications for vo;-
-: are Il minimum -Age- Of 20 years. the
ability 10 specE Magyar, ana, except
IN ihe case Of members of the learned
Professions. payment of 4 small tax
me organization of the chamber of
deputies IS complicated by the existence
IN hungary of sem-independent
province. that of Croatia. Croatia has
q dict Of ner own. which leeislates for
the province on all matters except those
Which touch tho common interests OF
The kingdom. Tho province elects forty
lnemoers OF the hungarian chamber or
'.' l'N. ''' "ftb .4lNSs iHcIflbefS take part
only in those affairs which concern the
province rs part Of the kingdom. For
ail other business tSe Hungarian cham
Der of deputies consists of 4l3 members
elected by the Kingdom exclusive of the
province Of Croatia.
INFLUENCE or THE CROWN.
The power of the crown in Hungary
IS less extensive than in Austria The
hungarian ministry recognizes respon-
UflfIff. % ma sen rt